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Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program: Theories for Extended Pediatric Nursing Practice.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
A description is provided of "Theories for Extended Pediatric Nursing Practice," a required course for pediatric and family nurse practitioner students in a California state university program. The course description presents information on the curricular placement of the course, prerequisites, in-class time allotments, and the focus of the course…
Brady, Margaret A.
Nursing theories and their relevance to contemporary infection control practice
Microsoft Academic Search
s nursing strives to be recognised as a profession the theories that underpin our practice are increasingly put under the microscope. Nursing theory and its relevance to clinical practice has long been a subject of controversy. Indeed, a lack of agreement in the professional literature serves to confuse nurses and has caused many to dismiss nursing theory as being long-winded
S. Mawdsley
Nursing intellectual capital theory: implications for research and practice.
Due to rising costs of healthcare, determining how registered nurses and knowledge resources influence the quality of patient care is critical. Studies that have investigated the relationship between nursing knowledge and outcomes have been plagued with conceptual and methodological issues. This has resulted in limited empirical evidence of the impact of nursing knowledge on patient or organizational outcomes. The nursing intellectual capital theory was developed to assist with this area of inquiry. Nursing intellectual capital theory conceptualizes the sources of nursing knowledge available within an organization and delineates its relationship to patient and organizational outcomes. In this article, we review the nursing intellectual capital theory and discuss its implications for research and practice. We explain why the theory shows promise for guiding research on quality work environments and how it may assist with administrative decision-making related to nursing human resource management and continuing professional development. PMID:23758420
Covell, Christine L; Sidani, Souraya
Empowerment in school nursing practice: a grounded theory approach.
Professional empowerment is vital to nurses' productivity and job satisfaction. A grounded theory study was conducted to describe the basic social process experienced by school nurses in relation to professional empowerment. Interviews with 10 school nurses led to the development of a situation-specific theory of school nurse empowerment, Making a Difference: The Role of the School Nurse in the Health of Children in Schools. This theory was derived from four theoretical constructs: (a) enlisting support, (b) getting through the day, (c) maintaining control over practice, and (d) adjusting to challenges. Interviews revealed that knowing at the end of each school day that they made a difference in the health of children resulted in feelings of empowerment. Participants cited various areas in which their sense of empowerment was limited, including salaries and workload. Despite these issues, they believed they had a positive impact on the health of children, leading to job satisfaction and feelings of value. PMID:18052517
Broussard, Lisa
Minding the Gap: Some Theory-Practice Disjunctions in Nursing Education Research.
Deconstruction of three British nursing research projects found that, due to a "Utopian" perspective, they reintroduce theory-practice gaps they sought to close. Future nursing research should avoid idealistic prescriptions and promote more skeptical and realistic approaches. (SK)
Stark, Sheila; Cooke, Peggy; Stronach, Ian
Practical ethical theory for nurses responding to complexity in care.
In the context of health care system complexity, nurses need responsive leadership and organizational support to maintain intrinsic motivation, moral sensitivity and a caring stance in the delivery of patient care. The current complexity of nurses' work environment promotes decreases in work motivation and moral satisfaction, thus creating motivational and ethical dissonance in practice. These and other work-related factors increase emotional stress and burnout for nurses, prompting both new and seasoned nurse professionals to leave their current position, or even the profession. This article presents a theoretical conceptual model for professional nurses to review and make sense of the ethical reasoning skills needed to maintain a caring stance in relation to the competing values that must coexist among nurses, health care administrators, patients and families in the context of the complex health care work environments in which nurses are expected to practice. A model, Nurses' Ethical Reasoning Skills, is presented as a framework for nurses' thinking through and problem solving ethical issues in clinical practice in the context of complexity in health care. PMID:20444776
Fairchild, Roseanne Moody
Becoming willing to role model. Reciprocity between new graduate nurses and experienced practice nurses in general practice in New Zealand: a constructivist grounded theory.
Graduate nurses in general practice became a feature of New Zealand's health care system in 2008 following an expansion of the New Entrant to Practice Programme. General practice in New Zealand comprises general practitioner business owners who employ nursing and administration staff. Practice nurses are an ageing workforce in New Zealand, it is imperative therefore to attract younger nurses into general practice. This paper reports a section of the findings from a constructivist grounded theory study which examines the use of information by practice nurses in New Zealand. Initially data were collected using the ethnographic technique of observation and field notations in one general practice. Theoretical sensitivity to the value of role models was heightened by this first phase of data collection. A total of eleven practice nurses were interviewed from six general practices. One practice nurse agreed to a second interview; five of the interviewees were new graduate nurses and the other six were experienced practice nurses. The grounded theory constructed from this research was reciprocal role modelling which comprises the following three categories, becoming willing, realising potential and becoming a better practitioner. Graduate nurses and experienced practice nurses enter into a relationship of reciprocal role modelling. Becoming willing, the first core category of this grounded theory features three sub-categories: building respectful relationships, proving yourself and discerning decision making which are reported in this paper. Findings from this study may address the reported phenomenon of 'transition shock' of newly graduated nurses in the work place. PMID:23898596
Hoarea, Karen J; Millsc, Jane; Francis, Karen
How the metaphor of a gap between theory and practice has influenced nursing education
The metaphor of a gap between theory and practice is firmly established in nursing education. Furthermore, it is embedded in conventional professional wisdom to the extent that when it used in professional reports, academic writing or in the conversations amongst nurses, it often requires no further explanation. The notion of a gap between theory and practice has proven to be
Peter Gallagher
Nursing agency: the link between practical nursing science and nursing practice.
The relationship of nursing science and nursing practice has been the topic of numerous discussions over the past decades. According to Orem, nursing science is a practical science, meaning that knowledge is developed for the sake of nursing practice. Within Orem's self-care deficit nursing theory, the concept of nursing agency links nursing science and nursing practice. Nursing agency refers to the power or ability of the nurse to design and produce systems of care. The relationship of practical nursing science, nursing practice, and nursing agency is examined in this article. Suggestions for further work related to nursing agency are provided. PMID:21220575
Banfield, Barbara E
A classical view of the theory-practice gap in nursing.
The perceived problem of the theory-practice gap is built upon the assumption that theory can and must be directly applied to nursing practice, otherwise it is irrelevant. Whilst the spirit in which this claim is made is healthy, the assumption is false. An examination of the Greek origins of theory and practice show that the ancient Greeks had different terms for the different types of knowledge contained within theory and within practice. The type of knowledge associated with practice could not be taught through theory, nor well represented in theoretical terms. The knowledge of the bicycle rider and the piano player illustrate this well. If this is correct then simplistic notions of 'applied theory' are nonsensical. The knowledge of the practitioner is not theory, but something else. However, there is a proper relationship between theory and practice, and there are clear examples of this in the way science informs nursing practice. The problem is that much of this is obscured by the false claim of theorists that nursing theory (such as normative models) is also science. In fact, what it represents is inadequate attempts by theory to represent knowledge which cannot be represented in that form. Nursing is practice, not theory. If so, then the term 'nursing theory' seems to be oxymoronic. PMID:7560527
Allmark, P
Toward Inclusionary Practices in the Education of Nurses: A Critique of Transcultural Nursing Theory.
Describes ongoing research engaged in an antiracist critique of transcultural nursing theory (TCN). TCN's core theme of cultural sensitivity organizes and reproduces White racial identity as a dominant but invisible presence in nursing texts. The research will test an instrument that supports nursing faculty and students in examining…
Gustafson, Diana L.
[Nursing concepts and theories].
The theory framework of nursing science is built in a dynamic process that arises from practice and is reproduced through research, mainly by analysis and development of concepts and theories. This study presents a theory reflection on nursing knowledge construction and points out subsidies for future studies in the area. The interrelation among theory, research, and clinical practice is required for continuous development of nursing as a profession and science. Ideally, the practice must be based on theory that is validated by research. Therefore, theory, research, and practice affect each other reciprocally and continuously. PMID:24676120
Bousso, Regina Szylit; Poles, Kátia; da Cruz, Diná de Almeida Lopes Monteiro
Preparation for Advanced Nursing Practice.
Lehman College's graduate nursing program uses theory-based courses to prepare advanced nurse practitioners. Students increase scholarly inquiry skills and clinical decision making; use of nursing conceptual models helped them plan and evaluate their practice. (SK)
Frik, Seigina M.; Pollock, Susan E.
Evaluation of nursing education programmes--theory and practice.
In this paper, the history of educational evaluation is considered through a review of the literature, in order to try and understand how current evaluation methods have developed. It is important that a historical perspective is gained, as there has been a big shift in thinking from a strongly behaviourist code of practice to a more investigative and less prescriptive approach, during the relatively short time span that evaluation has had to develop as a subject in its own right. The application of the theory to practice is also considered in terms of a working evaluation model developed through work on continuing education courses in Scotland. PMID:1517031
Whiteley, S
Iranian nurses' perceptions of theoretical knowledge transfer into clinical practice: a grounded theory approach.
Since nursing education was transferred to universities in Iran, the public and health administrators have criticized Iranian nurses because of poor-quality patient care. It seems that nurses are not able to transfer the taught theoretical knowledge in academia into practice. This paper attempts to provide an insider view of why the taught theoretical knowledge in academia might be difficult to enact in the clinical setting. Using the grounded theory approach, individual in-depth interviews and participant observation were undertaken with a purposive and theoretical sample of 26 participants in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The findings showed that, in spite of increased academic input into nursing education, clinical behaviors in both the education and practice settings were perceived as "traditional routine-based". PMID:17688480
Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Salasli, Mahvash; Ahmadi, Fazlollah
A nursing theory for nursing leadership.
For many years nursing practice has found its foundations in nursing theory. A review of theorists such as D. E. Orem, C. Roy, B. Neumen, V. Henderson, M. E. Rogers and others reveals a focus on the management of patient care, not leadership. This has provided most nurses with a solid foundation in 'management', but little in terms of 'leadership.' In more recent years, theories such as the Deming Management Method, Managers as Developer Model, Shared Governance and Transactional Leadership have been introduced, none of which are nursing theories. This article discusses the conceptualized differences between management and leadership theory arguing that there is a difference between 'leadership and management'. A leadership theory is proposed utilizing Ida J. Orlando's model for nursing. This theory provides a nursing foundation for nursing leaders to utilize both in the management of patient care and in leadership. PMID:11051964
Laurent, C L
Applications of complex systems theory in nursing education, research, and practice.
The clinical and administrative processes in today's healthcare environment are becoming increasingly complex. Multiple providers, new technology, competition, and the growing ubiquity of information all contribute to the notion of health care as a complex system. A complex system (CS) is characterized by a highly connected network of entities (e.g., physical objects, people or groups of people) from which higher order behavior emerges. Research in the transdisciplinary field of CS has focused on the use of computational modeling and simulation as a methodology for analyzing CS behavior. The creation of virtual worlds through computer simulation allows researchers to analyze multiple variables simultaneously and begin to understand behaviors that are common regardless of the discipline. The application of CS principles, mediated through computer simulation, informs nursing practice of the benefits and drawbacks of new procedures, protocols and practices before having to actually implement them. The inclusion of new computational tools and their applications in nursing education is also gaining attention. For example, education in CSs and applied computational applications has been endorsed by The Institute of Medicine, the American Organization of Nurse Executives and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing as essential training of nurse leaders. The purpose of this article is to review current research literature regarding CS science within the context of expert practice and implications for the education of nurse leadership roles. The article focuses on 3 broad areas: CS defined, literature review and exemplars from CS research and applications of CS theory in nursing leadership education. The article also highlights the key role nursing informaticists play in integrating emerging computational tools in the analysis of complex nursing systems. PMID:18922279
Clancy, Thomas R; Effken, Judith A; Pesut, Daniel
A qualitative study exploring the relationship between nursing and health promotion language, theory and practice.
The definitions and meaning qualified nurses employed in an acute NHS hospital setting in the UK gave to health education and health promotion practice and how these fitted established language and theory were investigated qualitatively. These concepts, and the concomitant frameworks and models of practice, have been the subject of considerable debate in the literature. While unresolved both in general and in nursing, a degree of theoretical convergence was established in the 1990s [Bunton, R., Macdonald, G., 1992. Health promotion: disciplines and diversity. Routledge, London; Maben, J.M., Macleod Clark, J. 1995. Health promotion: a concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 22, 1158-165] helped by The Ottawa Charter [WHO, 1986. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. http://www.who.int/hpr/archive/docs/ottawa.html]. For many of the participants in this study however, the meanings given to these concepts and the predominant use of health education were inconsistent with much of the language of the wider debate and this has potential implications for nurse education. For, if the findings are considered transferable then there is a need to develop education strategies and curricula that articulate the ideological foundations of policy and practice and to use mainstream terminology to assist nurses both to understand and contribute to the contemporary health promotion debate. PMID:17512097
Piper, Stewart
Theoretical foundations of nursing practice in Poland.
This authors of this column explore the use of nursing theory in Poland. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was conducted to explore what, if any nursing theories were used by nurses in Poland, and if an education program on nursing theory increased the use of nursing theory. The study found that while there were discrepancies between the nurses' theoretical knowledge base and their use of these theories in practice, there is evidence of the use of the ideas and theory of Nightingale, Orem, and Henderson in nursing practice in Poland. PMID:23247354
Zarzycka, Danuta; Dobrowolska, Beata; Slusarska, Barbara; Wronska, Irena; Cuber, Tomasz; Pajnkihar, Majda
Keeping vigil over the profession: a grounded theory of the context of nurse anaesthesia practice
PubMed Central
Background Nurse anaesthetists in the US have faced continued, repeated challenges to their profession. Regardless, they have met these challenges and have established themselves as major anaesthesia care providers. In this paper we address the research question: How do certified registered nurse anaesthetists (CRNAs) manage the socio-political context in which they provide care for their patients? Methods Grounded theory was used to explore how nurse anaesthetists protect and promote their profession. Purposive, snowball, and theoretical sampling was used and data were collected through participant observation and interviews conducted at a conference of the professional association, an educational program, by telephone, email exchanges, and time spent in operating rooms and an outpatient surgical clinic. Analysis included coding at increasingly abstract levels and constant comparison. Results The basic social process identified was Keeping Vigil Over the Profession, which explains how nurse anaesthetists protect and promote their profession. It is comprised of three contextual categories: Establishing Public Credibility through regulatory and educational standards, Political Vigilance and taking action in governmental and policy arenas, and Tending the Flock through a continuous information loop between local and administrative/political levels. Conclusions From our study of the context of nurse anaesthesia practice, it is clear that CRNAs are dedicated to protecting their ability to provide high quality patient care by maintaining constant vigilance over their profession.
Nursing Theories of CaringA Paradigm for Adolescent Nursing Practice
In the past four decades, caring has emerged as a central paradigm in nursing. Caring as a central focus in nursing care of adolescents is developmentally appropriate and has been documented as the primary mechanism of effective health promotion for working with teens throughout the world. Other disciplines in adolescent health are beginning to realize the importance of caring therapeutics
Elizabeth M. Saewyc
An evaluation of problem-based learning in a nursing theory and practice module
Interest in Problem-Based Learning (PBL) within nurse education has increased internationally in recent years. The expectations of this teaching\\/learning strategy are that it will enable nurses to develop skills required for professional practice including: enquiry, reasoning, interpersonal and lifelong learning skills. However, to date, there is little empirical evidence within nursing literature to support such expectations.This study evaluated the reiterative
Elizabeth J Barrow; Geraldine Lyte; Tony Butterworth
Health Occupations Curriculum. Skills and Theory for Practical Nurse. Units 18, 19, and 20.
Part of a health occupations program, these instructional units consist of materials for use by those who are studying to become practical nurses. Covered in the units are the following: the nursing care of mothers and newborns (obstetrics, prenatal care and complications, patient needs, care of the newborn, prematurity, medications, and cultural…
Arizona State Dept. of Education, Phoenix.
Outcomes of newly practicing nurses who applied principles of holistic comfort theory during the transition from school to practice: a qualitative study.
The aim of this qualitative study was to explore if newly practicing nurses benefited from learning holistic comfort theory during their baccalaureate education, and to provide a conceptual framework to support the transition from school to practice. The study was conducted among graduates of an accelerated baccalaureate nursing program where holistic comfort theory was embedded as a learner-centered philosophy across the curriculum. A phenomenological process using van Manen's qualitative methodology in education involving semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis was used. The nurses recalled what holistic comfort meant to them in school, and described the lived experience of assimilating holistic comfort into their attitudes and behaviors in practice. Themes were established and a conceptual framework was developed to better understand the nurses' lived experiences. Results showed that holistic comfort was experienced as a constructive approach to transcend unavoidable difficulties during the transition from school to practice. Participants described meaningful learning and acquisition of self-strengthening behaviors using holistic comfort theory. Holistic comfort principles were credited for easing nurses into the realities of work and advocating for best patient outcomes. Patient safety and pride in patient care were incidental positive outcomes. The study offers new insights about applying holistic comfort to prepare nurses for the realities of practice. PMID:22901371
Goodwin, Miki; Candela, Lori
Jacques Lacan's theory of the subject as real, symbolic and imaginary: how can Lacanian theory be of help to mental health nursing practice?
This paper presents an outline of Lacan's theory of the human subject, in particular focusing on Lacan's concepts of the real, symbolic and imaginary registers, and how an understanding of these can inform change and practice in mental health nursing. Mental health nursing is under pressure to define itself as a practice distinct from other professions in the field, and to respond in new ways to promoting mental health to the individual and a wider public. Lacan's theory of the subject is of particular relevance to mental health nurses working with mental distress but has received little attention in mental health nursing literature. Six implications for practice are outlined in terms of: against normalization, the importance of the function of the symptom, what cannot be known, meaning as ever-changing, against empathy and against holistic ideas of the self. PMID:23145967
McSherry, A
Social meanings and understandings in patient-nurse interaction in the community practice setting: a grounded theory study
Background The patient-nurse relationship is a traditional concern of healthcare research. However, patient-nurse interaction is under examined from a social perspective. Current research focuses mostly on specific contexts of care delivery and experience related to medical condition or illness, or to nurses' speciality. Consequentially, this paper is about the social meanings and understandings at play within situated patient-nurse interaction in the community practice setting in a transforming healthcare service. Methods Grounded theory methodology was used and the research process was characterised by principles of theoretical sensitivity and constant comparative analysis. The field of study was four health centres in the community. The participants were patients and nurses representative of those attending or working in the health centres and meeting there by scheduled appointment. Data collection methods were observations, informal interviews and semi-structured interviews. Results Key properties of 'Being a good patient, being a good nurse', 'Institutional experiences' and 'Expectations about healthcare' were associated with the construction of a category entitled 'Experience'. Those key properties captured that in an evolving healthcare environment individuals continually re-constructed their reality of being a patient or nurse as they endeavoured to perform appropriately; articulation of past and present healthcare experiences was important in that process. Modus operandi in role as patient was influenced by past experiences in healthcare and by those in non-healthcare institutions in terms of engagement and involvement (or not) in interaction. Patients' expectations about interaction in healthcare included some uncertainly as they strived to make sense of the changing roles and expertise of nurses and, differentiating between the roles and expertise of nurses and doctors. Conclusions The importance of social meanings and understandings in patient-nurse interaction is not fully apparent to nurses, but important in the patient experience. Seeking understanding from a social perspective makes a contribution to enhancing knowledge about patient-nurse interaction with subsequent impact on practice, in particular the development of the patient-nurse relationship. The implications are that the meanings and understandings patients and nurses generate from experiences beyond and within their situated interaction are pivotal to the development of their relationship in the transforming community healthcare environment.
Partnering of researcher and practicing nurses for transformative nursing.
The purpose of this praxis research was to address the process of a researcher's partnering with practicing nurses to incorporate Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness as a guide for nursing practice. Initially the nurses were bound by their commitment to help clients within a philosophy of cure, but as they began to engage in a caring relationship of pattern recognition with clients, they experienced the clients' transformations in a way that was transformative for them and that pervaded the total realm of their nursing practice. The process illustrates the immediate applicability of Newman's theory. PMID:15802746
Endo, Emiko; Miyahara, Tomoko; Suzuki, Setsuko; Ohmasa, Tomoe
Examination of the teaching styles of nursing professional development specialists, part I: best practices in adult learning theory, curriculum development, and knowledge transfer.
The American Nurses Association advocates for nursing professional development (NPD) specialists to have an earned graduate degree, as well as educational and clinical expertise. However, many NPD specialists have limited exposure to adult learning theory. Limited exposure to adult learning theory may affect NPD educational practices, learning outcomes, organizational knowledge transfer, and subsequently, the professional development of the nurses they serve and quality of nursing care. An examination of current teaching practices may reveal opportunities for NPD specialists to enhance educational methods to promote learning, learning transfer, and organizational knowledge and excellence. This article, the first in a two-part series, examines best practices of adult learning theories, nursing professional development, curriculum design, and knowledge transfer. Part II details the results of a correlational study that examined the effects of four variables on the use of adult learning theory to guide curriculum development for NPD specialists in hospitals. PMID:24779716
Curran, Mary K
Traffic control: nursing practice calendar.
Educating nurses on the multitude of new and updated best practices, changes in regulatory standards, new equipment, and enhanced technology creates an "information traffic jam." Multiple practice changes occurring simultaneously pose challenges for nurses to retain information to practice safely and effectively. An absence of coordination between various nursing and allied health teaching initiatives compounds this problem. A nursing practice calendar was developed to facilitate the prioritization, communication, and education of hospital-wide initiatives affecting nursing practice. PMID:23657036
Rus, Linda; Cheesebro, Kathy; Nagra, Erica; Neff, Alaina
The applied philosopher-scientist: Intersections among phenomenological research, nursing science, and theory as a basis for practice aimed at facilitating boys' healing from being bullied.
This article uses an exemplar of phenomenological research of middle school boys, experiences of being bullied as applied philosophy and science to illuminate the intersection of the moral and scientific realms for theory-oriented research and practice. As a consequence, a clear foundation for advancing nursing science and envisioning innovative nursing practice with boys who experience being bullied is provided. Included is a weaving together of phenomenological perspective for research and practice, Roger's (nursing) Science of Unitary Human Beings (SUHB), and SUHB-derived middle range theories of self-transcendence and power. PMID:21394964
Willis, Danny G; Grace, Pamela J
Valuing the gap: a dialectic between theory and practice in graduate nursing education from a constructive educational approach.
Within nursing education, graduate pedagogies are relatively unexplored, with research commonly focused upon undergraduate and continuing education. In order to address the increasingly complex organisational challenges in the workplace, mid-career nurses and midwives are turning to graduate education. In one graduate course on cultures of learning in the workplace, a constructivist approach to learning was adopted. Post-course analysis of data, from the feedback on the course from students, student choice of assignment topics, and reflections of the course facilitators, revealed three pedagogies unique to graduate education. The pedagogies were labelled 'keeping the space open', 'theoretical concepts as tools', and 'resonance and action as praxis'. The intended outcome of the course is revealed in a fourth theme, 'developing practice in the workplace'. This evaluation suggests that constructivist pedagogies used with graduate students may be different to those pedagogies used with undergraduate and continuing education students. We argue that graduate pedagogies move nursing education beyond strategies that seek integration of theory and practice, towards a dialectic between theory and practice. PMID:19969401
Moss, Cheryle; Grealish, Laurie; Lake, Sarah
The term advanced practice nurse is a descriptor that includes nurse practitioners (NP), certified nurse-midwives (CNM), nurse anesthetists (CRNA) and clinical nurse specialists (CNS). Advanced practice nurses make independent and collaborative health care decisions. They are expert clinicians engaged in active clinical practice. The advanced practice nurse demonstrates leadership as a consultant, educator, administrator and researcher. An important leadership function
The nature of advanced practice nursing
In attempting to define "advanced practice," we argue that nursing as such is teleological or goal-directed with those goals being defined by the patient or client in interaction with the nurse. In helping the patient meet identified goals, the nurse requires 2 kinds of knowledge—general and particular. General includes theory (know what\\/why), pattern recognition (know what), and practical knowledge (know
Kathleen Oberle; Marion Allen
Theory Z as a framework for the application of a professional practice model in increasing nursing staff retention on oncology units.
Recruitment and retention of nurses is the most significant issue facing nursing administrators, educators, researchers and clinicians in the ongoing nursing shortage in the United States today. It has been cited in the literature that American nurses feel that job satisfaction is a major issue in retaining qualified nurses in hospitals. Satisfaction occurs when nurse expectations are matched with the hospital's vision and values. It is for this purpose that the authors have chosen theory Z as a hospital management model to coincide with the institution of the Marker Professional Practice Model to increase job satisfaction (autonomy) in hospital-based nurses. There are four 'hidden' challenges in health care today. They are: (a) fundamental changes occurring within the profession and practice of nursing; (b) the expanded role of women in management; (c) ethical dilemmas related to advances in medical technologies; and (d) the difficulty for health care managers in the United States to make changes related to the above three challenges. The authors feel that it is inherent to the nursing profession to combine existing theories and models to enhance the retention of nurses to the profession. PMID:2258531
Boyd, M; Collins, L; Pipitone, J; Balk, E; Kapustay, P
Gerontological advance practice nurses
Gerontological advance practice nurses (GAPNs) are ideal providers to assist elderly patients with advanced chronic illness and their families as they experience the final phase of life. The goal of this individualized process is for the patient to experience a "good death"—one that is comfortable and self-determined. This article proposes a model in which the GAPN offers 5 essential services
Martha L. Henderson
Web learning in post registration nurse education: application and theory. A practical experience of combining humanistic, educational and technological considerations
As healthcare becomes more knowledge intensive, nurses are challenged to effectively manage clinical information and keep abreast of professional knowledge (Procter 2001; Snyder – Halpern et al 2001; Pare & Elam 1998). Rapid proliferation of new knowledge, expanding professional practice expectations and changing practice environments require that nurses become lifelong learners capable of constantly reflecting on and modifying their practice.
Paul Linsley; John Hurley
Advanced practice registered nurse certification.
Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) in nephrology began to be certified through the Nephrology Nursing Certification Commission (NNCC) in 2006. Since that time, the APRN Consensus Model has been developed, which addresses licensure, accreditation, certification, and education and which strongly recommends specialty certification for advanced practice nurses. This article discusses NNCC certification for advanced practice in nephrology nursing and describes the major components of the APRN Consensus Model. PMID:23923801
Alleman, Kim; Houle, Katherine
Ethics in Telehealth Nursing Practice
Telehealth nurses frequently encounter ethical issues in practice. The ability to identify moral dimensions of practice concerns is an important first step in resolving such issues. In this article, some common ethical terms are explained, and typical ethical problems for Telehealth nurses described. A conceptual model applicable to Telehealth nursing is presented and discussed as a framework for ethical reflection.
Carol Rutenberg; Kathleen Oberle
What is Nursing? Exploring Theory and Practice Hall Carol and Richie Dawn What is Nursing? Exploring Theory and Practice 224pp Ł19.99 Sage/Learning Matters Third edition 9780857259752 085725975X [Formula: see text].
THIS BOOK offers a commentary on the practical, professional and theoretical dimensions of the profession. This edition recognises the rapidly changing landscape of health care, not least the transition to all-graduate preparation and includes new chapters on preparing to be a registered nurse, linked to the code of conduct, essential skill clusters and the globalisation of nursing. PMID:24914664
A Framework for Advanced Practice Nursing.
Advanced practice nursing is defined as professional health care focused on clinical services, using a nursing orientation and based on competencies from graduate nursing education. AP nurses are involved in clinical practice, systems management, and health care discourse. (SK)
Brown, Sarah Jo
Nursing theory across curricula: A status report from midwest nursing schools
This article reports on an informal survey conducted for the Theory Development Section of the Midwest Nursing Research Society. Its purposes were to describe current practices in teaching nursing theory at three levels of curricula and to compare these practices between nursing programs in liberal arts colleges and research universities, between schools with and without doctoral programs, and between faculty
Donna L. Algase; Sarah E. Newton; Patricia A. Higgins
Handbook of clinical nursing practice
SciTech Connect
Written in outline format, this reference will help nurses further their understanding of advanced nursing procedures. Information is provided on the physiological, psychological, environmental, and safety considerations of nursing activities associated with diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Special consideration is given to the areas of pediatric nursing, nursing assessment, and selected radiologic and nuclear medicine procedures for each system. Contents: Clinical Introduction. Clinical Nursing Practice: Focus on Basics. Focus on Cardiovascular Function. Focus on Respiratory Function. Focus on Gastrointestinal Function. Focus on Renal and Genito-Urological Function. Focus on Neuro-Skeletal and Muscular Function. Appendices.
Asheervath, J.; Blevins, D.R.
Legal Basics for Professional Nursing: Nurse Practice Acts
The purpose\\/goal of this independent study module is to provide nurses with important information about the legal basics of nursing practice. This module provides the practicing nurse with current information regarding legal implications related to professional nursing. The module will address the regulation of nursing practice, current trends, and workplace issues. The module will also identify the most common complaints
Mable H. Smith
Community health promotion nursing practice.
Evolving definitions of community and health promotion require the examination of community nursing practice. This article critically explores how the meanings of community may influence community nursing practice. In nursing, the most common definitions of community are of community as context/resource and community as client. The authors postulate that these definitions of community influence the nature of community practice. Moreover, if nurses are to practice within the context of health promotion, focusing on community as a relational experience, new patterns of community health promotion practice will need to emerge. This pattern of practice must honor people's experiences of community including power relations present in community. A new pattern of community health promotion nursing practice encompasses the four components of listening and critical reflection; participatory dialogue and critical questioning; pattern emergence and recognition; and movement to action. PMID:9595172
Sheilds, L E; Lindsey, A E
Nursing theory: everything the artist spits is art?
This paper explores the concept and utility of nursing theory in and for the practice of nursing. Working from the premise that many nurse practitioners appear uncertain as to the value of theory in relation to their everyday working experience, the paper investigates the contribution nursing theory makes in terms of sustaining and developing nursing as a practice discipline. The fact that nursing theory remains at once poorly evaluated, articulated or understood appears to be compounded by a general perception of nurse theorists as being removed from the realities of the practice setting and by the confusion precipitated, not least, by the semantic ambiguity engendered by their writings. The paper reviews the complex relationships extant between the development of nursing theory in regard to its utility for nursing practice, and concludes by suggesting a practice-led perspective by which nursing theory may be better articulated and assimilated within the discipline. In order to facilitate the study, it has been necessary to investigate the historical, theoretical and philosophical imperatives pertaining not only to the development of nursing theory but to nursing research and nursing practice per se. PMID:8732533
Timpson, J
Survey of Nursing Integration of Genomics Into Nursing Practice
Purpose Translating clinically valid genomic discoveries into practice is hinged not only on technologic advances, but also on nurses—the largest global contingent of health providers—acquiring requisite competencies to apply these discoveries in clinical care. The study aim was to assess practicing nurse attitudes, practices, receptivity, confidence, and competency of integrating genomics into nursing practice. Design A convenience sample of practicing nurses was recruited to complete an online survey that assessed domains from Roger's Diffusion of Innovations Theory and used family history utilization as the basis for competency assessment. Methods Results were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. Findings Two-hundred-thirty-nine licensed registered nurses, 22 to 72 years of age, with a median of 20 years in practice, responded, for an overall response rate of 28%. Most were White (83%), female (92%), and held baccalaureate degrees (56%). Seventy-one percent considered genetics to be very important to nursing practice; however, 81% rated their understanding of the genetics of common diseases as poor or fair. Per-question response rates varied widely. Instrument assessment indicated that modifications were necessary to decrease respondent burden. Conclusions Respondents' perceived genomic competency was inadequate, family history was not routinely utilized in care delivery, and the extent of family history varied widely. However, most nurses indicated interest in pursuing continuing genomic education. Clinical Relevance Findings from this study can lead to the development of targeted education that will facilitate optimal workforce preparation for the ongoing influx of genetics and genomics information, technologies, and targeted therapies into the healthcare arena. This pilot study provides a foundation on which to build the next step, which includes a national nursing workforce study.
Calzone, Kathleen A.; Jenkins, Jean; Yates, Jan; Cusack, Georgie; Wallen, Gwenyth R.; Liewehr, David J.; Steinberg, Seth M.; McBride, Colleen
Blended roles: preparing the advanced practice nurse educator\\/clinician with a web-based nurse educator certificate program
Changing demographics, a nursing shortage, and various societal changes underscore the need for nurse educators and new nurse educator programs. This article describes a Web-based nurse educator program designed to prepare advanced practice nurses for faculty roles while simultaneously preparing them as clinicians. Guided by adult education theory and self-directed learning theory, the Web-based Nurse Educator Certificate (four Web-based nurse
Wanda B Bonnel; Carol K Starling; Karen A Wambach; Karen Tarnow
Using Nursing Languages in School Nursing Practice. Second Edition
The purpose of this updated manual is to define and describe standardized nursing languages, highlight how nursing languages are a part of the nursing process, and illustrate through case examples how nursing languages are used in school nursing practice. This manual also summarizes the history and development of three nursing classifications, the…
Denehy, Janice
Nursing Home Work Practices and Nursing Assistants' Job Satisfaction
Purpose: To estimate the impact of nursing home work practices, specifically compensation and working conditions, on job satisfaction of nursing assistants employed in nursing homes. Design and Methods: Data are from the 2004 National Nursing Assistant Survey, responses by the nursing assistants' employers to the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey,…
Bishop, Christine E.; Squillace, Marie R.; Meagher, Jennifer; Anderson, Wayne L.; Wiener, Joshua M.
Communication in Nursing Practice
Good communication between nurses and patients is essential for the successful outcome of individualized nursing care of each patient. To achieve this, however, nurses must understand and help their patients, demonstrating courtesy, kindness and sincerity. Also they should devote time to the patient to communicate with the necessary confidentiality, and must not forget that this communication includes persons who surround the sick person, which is why the language of communication should be understood by all those involved in it. Good communication also is not only based on the physical abilities of nurses, but also on education and experience.
Kourkouta, Lambrini; Papathanasiou, Ioanna V.
Nursing knowledge, theory and method revisited.
With the approach of the 21st century, nursing is having to respond to diverse influences which are remoulding the professional landscape. Not least of these is the changing status of western economies which underpins a drive towards evidence-based practice and an increased emphasis on multidisciplinary approaches to health care delivery. Certainty in health care is now a thing of the past. Central to the way the nursing profession embraces the future is its underlying philosophy: that which articulates professional values and shapes practice, research, education and management. In a time of change it is therefore essential to revisit the philosophical framework which underpins nursing. The debate in nursing research and theory appears to have stressed the polarization of viewpoints. It may be the case that feminist writers, ethnographers, positivist researchers and nursing theorists, in defending their own points of view, diminish rather than enhance professional dialogue. This paper reviews the nature of this debate within nursing and considers the implications that a dichotomous position may have for knowledge, theory and research method within the current context of health care. It then suggests a philosophical framework which could be relevant and accessible across the whole spectrum of nursing activity. In so doing, the paper aims to contribute to the discussion around epistemology and method in a way which encompasses the diversity found within the broad church of nursing. PMID:9354995
Booth, K; Kenrick, M; Woods, S
A Critical Feminist Perspective of the Health Belief Model: Implications for Nursing Theory, Research, Practice, and Education.
Most nursing research is based on empiricism or logical positivism; the social behaviorist approach of the Health Belief Model does little to promote awareness or examine power issues. A critical feminist perspective aids understanding of health practices based on contextual knowledge and a holistic approach. (JOW)
Thomas, Linda W.
Nursing Practice Environment and Outcomes for Oncology Nursing
Background It is commonly assumed that oncology nurses experience high job-related burnout and high turnover because their work involves inherent stressors such as caring for patients with serious and often life-threatening illness. Objectives The objectives of this study were to examine the differences in outcomes such as job dissatisfaction and burnout between oncology nurses and medical-surgical nurses, and to identify factors that affect oncology nurse outcomes. Methods A secondary analysis of nurse survey data collected in 2006 including 4047 nurses from 282 hospitals in 3 states was performed; t test and ?2 test compared differences between oncology nurses and medical-surgical nurses in nurse outcomes and their assessments of nurse practice environment, as measured by the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. Logistic regression models estimated the effect of nurse practice environment on 4 nurse-reported outcomes: burnout, job dissatisfaction, intention to leave the current position, and perceived quality of care. Results Oncology nurses reported favorable practice environments and better outcomes than did medical-surgical nurses. All 4 subscales of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index studied were significantly associated with outcomes. Specifically, nurses who reported favorable nursing foundations for quality of care (eg, active in-service or preceptorship programs) were less likely to report burnout and leave their current position. Conclusions Better practice environments, including nurse foundations for quality care, can help to achieve optimal nurse outcomes. Implications for Practice Improving hospital practice environments holds significant potential to improve nurse well-being, retention, and quality of care. Specifically, hospitals should consider preceptor programs and continuing education and increase nurses' participation in hospital decision making.
Shang, Jingjing; Friese, Christopher R.; Wu, Evan; Aiken, Linda H.
Nursing documentation and nursing practice: a discourse analysis.
Nursing documentation exists as a daily reality of nurses' work. It is interpreted by some as the evidence of nursing actions and dismissed by others as a misrepresentation of nursing care. This paper reports on a study of nursing documentation as nursing practice. The work of Foucault and discourse analysis provide a research design for examination of how written descriptions of patient events taken from patient case notes result from hegemonic influences that construct a knowledge and therefore a practice of nursing. Discourses as ways of understanding knowledge as language, social practices and power relations are used to identify how nursing documentation functions as a manifestation and ritual of power relations. A focus on body work and fragmented bodies provided details of nursing's participation in the discursive construction of the object patient and invisible nurse. It is through resistances to documentation that alternative knowledge of nursing exists. PMID:8807383
Heartfield, M
Educating advanced practice nurses for practice reality
The complexity of the current health care environment ethically mandates advanced practice nursing (APN) educators to prepare graduates with a clear understanding of APN roles and professional and regulatory issues for them to make a reasonable transition to the marketplace. Integrating both clinical content needed for APN practice and APN role issues can be a difficult balance. This article describes
Ann B Hamric; Charlene M Hanson
Envisioning human dignity to enhance practice while journeying with Rwandan women: student nurses teaching-learning Parse's theory of humanbecoming.
California Baptist University School of Nursing opened in September 2006 as the first baccalaureate nursing education program in Riverside, California. Under the direction of Dr. Constance Milton, the curriculum was cocreated using Parse's humanbecoming school of thought as a framework. In August 2008, nursing students traveled to Rwanda where they bore witness to the transformation after the 1994 genocide. Dimensions and processes of Parse's practice methodology-illuminating meaning by explicating what is with languaging, synchronizing rhythms while dwelling with ups and downs in the struggle of connecting-separating, and mobilizing transcendence as moving beyond with the not-yet while transforming- emerged in the students' journaling as lived all-at-once amid reverence that honored the dignity and worth of the Rwandan people. PMID:19567728
Oaks, Geneva; Drummond, Susan
Training Advanced Practice Palliative Care Nurses.
Describes the role and responsibilities of advanced-practice nurses in palliative care and nursing's initiative in promoting high-quality care through the educational preparation of these nurses. (JOW)
Sherman, Deborah Witt
Role modeling excellence in clinical nursing practice.
Role modeling excellence in clinical nursing practice is the focus of this paper. The phenomenological research study reported involved a group of 8 nurses identified by their colleagues as exemplary. The major theme revealed in this study was that these exemplary nurses were also excellent role models in the clinical setting. This paper details approaches used by these nurses that made them excellent role models. Specifically, the themes of attending to the little things, making connections, maintaining a light-hearted attitude, modeling, and affirming others are presented. These themes are discussed within the framework of Watson [Watson, J., 1989. Human caring and suffering: a subjective model for health services. In: Watson, J., Taylor, R. (Eds.), They Shall Not Hurt: Human Suffering and Human Caring. Colorado University, Boulder, CO] "transpersonal caring" and [Bandura, A., 1997. Social Learning Theory. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ] "Social Learning Theory." Particular emphasis in the discussion is on how positive role modeling by exemplary practitioners can contribute to the education of clinical nurses in the practice setting. PMID:18590978
Perry, R N Beth
Nurse leaders' experiences of implementing regulatory changes in sexual health nursing practice in British Columbia, Canada.
Most research about regulatory policy change concerning expanded nursing activities has emphasized advanced practice roles and acute care settings. This study is a contribution to the small pool of research concerned with regulatory policy implementation for nurses undertaking expanded nursing practice activities in a public health context. Using the regulatory changes in certified nursing practice in one Canadian province as our starting point, we investigated the experiences of nurse leaders in implementing this change. Using a qualitative interpretive descriptive approach informed by tenets of complexity theory, we examined the experiences of 16 nurse leaders as situated within the larger public health care system in which nurses practice. Two interrelated themes, (a) preparing for certification and (b) the certification process, were identified to illustrate how competing and contrasting demands between health care and regulatory organizations created substantial barriers to policy change. Implications for health service delivery and future research are discussed. PMID:24177438
Bungay, Vicky; Stevenson, Janine
Practice write-ups:an assessment instrument that contributes to bridging the differences between theory and practice for student nurses through the development of core skills
Nurse education currently faces two major challenges. The first involves deciding the best way to increase the skill level of practitioners and the second involves determining how this can be achieved within a culture of lifetime learning. Each of these challenges needs to be confronted as early as possible and preferably at undergraduate level. Practice write-ups (PWUs) enable students to
Kevin J. Gormley
Metrics for Licensed Practical Nursing.
Designed to meet the job-related metric measurement needs of students interested in licensed practical nursing, this instructional package is one of five for the health occupations cluster, part of a set of 55 packages for metric instruction in different occupations. The package is intended for students who already know the occupational…
Cooper, Gloria S., Ed.; Magisos, Joel H., Ed.
Advanced practice nursing: continuation of the dialogue
This column continues the dialogue about advanced practice nursing. Professor Iain Graham of Bournemouth University shares his ideas about advanced practice nursing in the United Kingdom and answers questions about the tasks and responsibilities of advanced practice nurses within the National Health Service.
Jacqueline Fawcett; Iain W Graham
Remote nursing certified practice: viewing nursing and nurse practitioner practice through a social justice lens.
Remote Nursing Certified Practice (RNCP) was introduced in 2010 to regulate nursing practice in remote, largely First Nations communities in British Columbia, Canada. These are communities that often experience profound health and health-care inequities. Typically nurses are the main health-care providers. Using a critical social justice lens, the authors explore the clinical and ethical implications of RNCP in terms of access to equitable, high-quality primary health care.They examine the fit between the level and scope of health services provided by registered nurses working under RNCP and the health needs of remote First Nations communities. In doing so, they draw comparisons between nurse practitioners (NPs) and outpost nurses working in NP roles who historically were employed to provide health care in these communities.The authors conclude by calling for nursing regulations that support equitable, high-quality primary care for all British Columbians. PMID:21888005
Tarlier, Denise S; Browne, Annette J
[Nursing care systematization according to the nurses' view: a methodological approach based on grounded theory].
This study was aimed at understanding, from the nurses' perspective, the experience of going through the Systematization of nursing care (SNC) in an obstetric service unit. We used grounded theory as the theoretical and methodological framework. The subjects of this study consisted of thirteen nurses from a public hospital in the city of Joăo Pessoa, in the state of Paraíba. The data analysis resulted in the following phenomenon. "perceiving SNC as a working method that organizes, directs and improves the quality of care by bringing visibility and providing security for the nursing staff" The nurses expressed the extent of knowledge about the SNC experienced in obstetrics as well as considered the nursing process as a decision-making process, which guides the reasoning of nurses in the planning of nursing care in obstetrics. It was concluded that nurses perceive the SNC as an instrument of theoretical-practical articulation leading to personalized assistance. PMID:23405824
de Medeiros, Ana Lúcia; dos Santos, Sérgio Ribeiro; de Cabral, Rômulo Wanderley Lima
The certified psychiatric nurse practitioner: advanced practice psychiatric nursing reclaimed
During the decade of the 1990s, health care reform, market forces, population needs, new knowledge in neuroscience and changes in advanced practice regulation provided the impetus for the development of the role of the psychiatric nurse practitioner. Debate about issues of role, scope of practice, educational preparation, titling, and credentialing for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse (APPN) of the future
Pamela Bjorklund
A brief history of advanced practice nursing and its implications for WOC advanced nursing practice
Although the evolution of clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners during the previous several decades has led to a sense of novelty regarding advanced practice, it is important to remember that nurses have engaged in such roles for nearly 100 years. This article will review the history of advanced nursing practice, summarize current definitions of specialty and advanced practice, discuss
Mikel Gray; Catherine Ratliff; Robert Mawyer
Nurse managers describe their practice environments.
Hospital work environments that support the professional practice of nurses are critical to patient safety. Nurse managers are responsible for creating these professional practice environments for staff nurses, yet little is known about the environments needed to support nurse managers. Domains of nurse managers' practice environment have recently been defined. This is a secondary analysis of 2 cross-sectional studies of organizational characteristics that influence nurse manager practice. Content analysis of the free text comments from 127 nurse managers was used to illustrate the 8 domains of nurse managers' practice environments. Nurse managers valued time spent with their staff; therefore, workloads must permit meaningful interaction. Directors demonstrated trust when they empowered nurse managers to make decisions. Administrative leaders should build patient safety cultures on the basis of shared accountability and mutual respect among the health care team. The expectations of nurse managers have greatly expanded in the volume and complexity of direct reports, patient care areas, and job functions. The nurse managers in this analysis reported characteristics of their practice environments that limit their role effectiveness and may negatively impact organizational performance. Further research is needed to understand the effects of nurse managers' practice environments on staff and patient outcomes. PMID:24022285
Warshawsky, Nora E; Lake, Sharon W; Brandford, Arica
How State Laws Recognize Advanced Nursing Practice.
Reviews modifications in state health practice statutes to recognize the expanded scope of nursing practice in view of the disparity between medical functions actually performed by nurses and those considered within the legal definition. Various state approaches indicate a trend to give legal validity to acts performed by nurses. (MF)
Trandel-Korenchuk, Darlene M.; Trandel-Korenchuk, Keith M.
[German hospital nurses' attitudes concerning evidence-based nursing practice].
The relevance of nurses' attitudes for establishing an evidence-based nursing practice (EBP) has been proven internationally. For German-speaking countries so far only few data are available. The present survey aims at assessing nurses' perceptions of relevant context factors for implementing an EBP. Therefore, 1384 nurses in 21 hospitals in Northern-Germany received a self-developed questionnaire based on established instruments in March and April 2012. 1023 (74 %) nurses responded. In principal, results show a positive attitude towards EBP. The majority of participants regards research as relevant for nursing practice. Support from superiors and colleagues is seen as important prerequisite. However, implementation remains a challenge. Nurses are not informed about recent research results. Original articles are hardly used. Only a minority is prepared to spend own money on congresses or to start academic nursing training in the near future. For the first time in German-speaking countries, the study provides meaningful data on nurses' attitudes towards EBP. Nurses confirm the value of research for their own practice. However, there is a lack of basic requirements to identify and implement relevant research findings as for example the use of recent scientific evidence. Nursing education in Germany should therefore focus more strongly on building competencies required for EBP, for example through properly designed academic nursing training. PMID:23732313
Köpke, Sascha; Koch, Frauke; Behncke, Anja; Balzer, Katrin
Advanced Practice in Nursing: Conceptual Issues.
Discusses the development of the roles of nurse practitioner and clinical nurse specialist and evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of each role in current practice and education. Concludes that inadequate justification exists for continuing both roles. (Author/JOW)
Rasch, Randolph F. R.; Frauman, Annette C.
Does Faculty Incivility in Nursing Education Affect Emergency Nursing Practice?
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Incivility in nursing education is a complicated problem which causes disruptions in the learning process and negatively affects future nursing practice. This mixed method research study described incivility as well as incivility's effects through extensive literature review and application of a modified Incivility in Nursing Education (INE) survey. The INE included six demographic items, four quantitative sections, and five open-ended questions. The survey examined emergency nurses' perceptions of incivility and how the experience affected their personal nursing practice. The INE was initially tested in a 2004 pilot study by Dr. Cynthia Clark. For this research study, modifications were made to examine specifically emergency nurse's perceptions of incivility and the effects on their practice. The population was a group of nurses who were members of the emergency nurses association in a Midwestern state. In the quantitative component of the Incivility in Nursing Education (INE) survey, the Likert scale questions indicated that the majority of the participants reported witnessing or experiencing the uncivil behaviors. In the qualitative section of the INE survey, the participants reported that although they have not seen incivility within their own academic career, they had observed faculty incivility with nursing students when the participants were assigned as preceptors as part of their emergency nursing practice.
Stokes, Pamela
Evidence-based practice and orthopaedic nursing
Evidence-based practice has become part of the language of health care. This article illustrates the professional implications for orthopaedic nurses and the challenges it raises for current and future practice development. The article suggests steps for developing an evidence-based approach to orthopaedic practice, the necessary skills nurses need to develop, and the benefits of a multidisciplinary view in developing practice.
Julia Kneale
Nursing Practice Environment and Registered Nurses' Job Satisfaction in Nursing Homes
Purpose: Recruiting and retaining registered nurses (RNs) in nursing homes is problematic, and little research is available to guide efforts to make nursing homes a more attractive practice environment for RNs. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between aspects of the nursing practice environment and job satisfaction among RNs…
Choi, JiSun; Flynn, Linda; Aiken, Linda H.
The regulation of nursing practice today.
The interface and complexity of licensure and scope of practice issues with professional standards of practice can be very confusing, particularly because the vary from state to state. This article provides an overview of the influences of regulatory boards, professional nursing organizations, and employers on the nursing practice. The roles of both regulatory boards and professional organizations are reviewed, including authority sources and mission differences. The employer's role is reviewed briefly, including attempts to "narrow" the licensed nurse's scope of practice. PMID:10835144
Roe, C A
Expanding the Capacity of Advanced Practice Nursing Education. Final Report.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The basic objective of the study is to provide information to the Division of Nursing about the feasibility of increasing the production of advanced practice nurses in four specialty areas: nurse practitioners (NPs), nurse-midwives (NMWs), clinical nurse ...
Concept and Theory in Continuing Education for Nurses.
The explosion of new knowledge and increased specialization have heightened the nurse's need for continuing education. The concepts of motivation, obsolescence, competence, and lifelong learning are inherent in the continuing education process. These concepts and the theories of learning and change are presented and related to nursing practice.…
Johnson, Pauline Taglialavore
Contribution of Academia to Nursing Practice in Israel.
In Israel, nursing research, nursing practice, and academic education collaborate in nursing education. The close relationship helps prepare nursing graduates for the integration of the humanistic and technical aspects of practice. (SK)
Bergman, Rebecca
Patterns of knowing: proposing a theory for nursing leadership.
In a time of chaotic and unpredictable health care, it is vital for nursing to employ a nursing leadership theory that is specifically applicable to nurses and will holistically, and comprehensively address and support both the science and art of this honored profession. The authors propose that Nursing Leadership Knowing can address and impact the myriad issues confronting managers and administrators within the turbulent health care industry, with the ultimate goals of quality comprehensive patient care and improved employee satisfaction. They believe that Nursing Leadership Knowing, grounded in the realties of nursing experience, is a logical theoretical extension that can be translated into nursing leadership practice particular and specific focus on empirics and evidence-based practice will not attend to the robust and multidimensional underpinnings of the lived experience that is so vital to nursing as a caring profession. The ideal of nursing leadership theory is not a single-focused shadow of its history, but a rich, inclusive, multi-faceted network of knowing. As such, Nursing Leadership Knowing provides a forum for leaders to enhance their practice, as well as their relationship with their employees, which ultimately translates into optimal care for the patients we serve. PMID:19558075
Jackson, Janet R; Clements, Paul T; Averill, Jennifer B; Zimbro, Kathie
Responsibility and autonomous nursing practice.
In this paper, the consequences were there greater autonomy in nursing practice, are considered. Autonomous practice implies accountability which entails both personal and professional responsibility: a personal responsibility to endorse ethical conduct consistent with professional practice; and a professional responsibility to exercise discretionary powers to the ultimate benefit of the patient. In this context, discretionary responsibility implies: recognizing a patient's wants may not be consistent with a patient's needs; abstaining from collusion with noncompliant patients; supporting the patient's right to refuse treatment only after full psychological exploration; understanding the psychological ramifications of informed consent from a practitioner and recipient point of view; maintaining appropriate personal and professional boundaries; and fostering collegiate relationships with the medical fraternity grounded on egalitarian principles. The author provides a philosophical and psychological analysis of responsibility in an effort to achieve a deeper understanding of the relationship this has with the concepts of 'freedom' and 'accountability'. PMID:2061502
Holden, R J
Nurse prescribing: Reflections on safety in practice
This qualitative study explores how recently qualified nurse prescribers describe, and rate, the safety of their prescribing. Internationally, the costs of drug errors are enormous and they can have serious implications for staff and patients. Nurses are now undertaking extended prescribing practice throughout the UK. Nurse prescribers work across different work settings and although safe prescribing is a priority in
Eleanor Bradley; Brian Hynam; Peter Nolan
Flight nursing expertise: towards a middle-range theory
Aim This paper presents a middle-range Theory of Flight Nursing Expertise. Background Rotary-wing (helicopter) medical transport has grown rapidly in the USA since its introduction, particularly during the past 5 years. Patients once considered too sick to transport are now being transported more frequently and over longer distances. Many limitations are imposed by the air medical transport environment and these require nurses to alter their practice. Data sources A literature search was conducted using Pubmed, Medline, CINAHL, secondary referencing and an Internet search from 1960 to 2008 for studies related to the focal concepts in flight nursing. Discussion The middle-range Theory of Flight Nursing Expertise is composed of nine concepts (experience, training, transport environment of care, psychomotor skills, flight nursing knowledge, cue recognition, pattern recognition, decision-making and action) and their relationships. Five propositions describe the relationships between those concepts and how they apply to flight nursing expertise. Implications for nursing After empirical testing, this theory may be a useful tool to assist novice flight nurses to attain the skills necessary to provide safe and competent care more efficiently, and may aid in designing curricula and programmes of research. Conclusion Research is needed to determine the usefulness of this theory in both rotary and fixed-wing medical transport settings, and to examine the similarities and differences related to expertise needed for different flight nurse team compositions. Curriculum and training innovations can result from increased understanding of the concepts and relationships proposed in this theory.
Reimer, Andrew P.; Moore, Shirley M.
Advanced Practice Nursing Education: Challenges and Strategies
Nursing education programs may face significant difficulty as they struggle to prepare sufficient numbers of advanced practice registered nurses to fulfill the vision of helping to design an improved US healthcare system as described in the Institute of Medicine's "Future of nursing" report. This paper describes specific challenges and provides strategies to improve advanced practice nursing clinical education in order to ensure that a sufficient number of APRNs are available to work in educational, practice, and research settings. Best practices are identified through a review of classic and current nursing literature. Strategies include intensive interprofessional collaborations and radical curriculum revisions such as increased use of simulation and domestic and international service work. Nurse educators must work with all stakeholders to create effective and lasting change.
Fitzgerald, Cynthia; Kantrowitz-Gordon, Ira; Katz, Janet; Hirsch, Anne
Clinical expertise in advanced practice nursing: a Canadian perspective
The need to articulate clearly the definition and description of advanced nursing practice is critical if the nursing profession is to move forward in the development of nursing practice. Concern arises when the core of advanced practice nursing is overshadowed with medical functions. Consensus on the educational preparation of advanced practice nurses, explication of the nature of clinical expertise in
Glenn Donnelly
Practical Nursing. Post Secondary Curriculum Guide.
This curriculum guide was designed for use in postsecondary practical nursing education programs in Georgia. Its purpose is to provide for the development of entry level skills in practical nursing in the areas of knowledge, theoretical structure, tool usage, diagnostic ability, related supportive skills, and occupational survival skills. The…
Simpson, Bruce; And Others
Is compassion essential to nursing practice?
The Norwegian Nurses' Association recently (2001) approved a new code of ethics that included compassion as one of the basic values in nursing care. This paper examines the idea of compassion in the context of the Bible story of the Good Samaritan using an analysis of qualitative data from nurses' clinical work with psychiatric patients. The aim is to show how the idea of compassion challenges nursing practice. Thereafter, the paper discusses the benefits of and premises for compassion in care work. The results show that nurses tend not to be guided by compassion in their work with patients. The organisation of the day-to-day work in the hospital ward, the division of labour between nurses and doctors, and the nurses' approach to nursing were identified as influencing this tendency. The study shows that compassion is a radical concept with a potential to promote greater respect for patients' dignity. PMID:17929733
Hem, Marit Helene; Heggen, Kristin
Preceptorship and practical wisdom: A process of engaging in authentic nursing practice.
Preceptorship is a teaching/learning approach, in which learners are individually assigned to staff nurses in the practice setting. Practical wisdom is a discerning process of evaluating and applying ideals or principles often in a moral context. The nurse who is practically wise recognizes that actions are always constrained to some extent by chance or context and yet precisely under such circumstances, acts to preserve and enhance the wellbeing of the patient. The purpose of this study was to examine the process used in the preceptorship experience to nurture practical wisdom. A grounded theory study was conducted with fourth year undergraduate nursing students and their preceptors in an acute/tertiary care setting. Data collection comprised a series of semi-structured interviews, documentation of field notes and journaling. Findings reveal that preceptors who nurture practical wisdom in the practice setting do so by engaging in a process of authentic nursing practice. PMID:19442585
Myrick, Florence; Yonge, Olive; Billay, Diane
Development of advanced practice nurses in South Korea
In Korea, since the first specialized areas of nursing were first recognized in 1973, 10 areas have been established by the Medicine Law, 2003: public health, anesthesia, mental health, home care nursing, gerontological nursing, critical care nursing, industrial nursing, hospice, emergency nursing, and infection control. Education for advanced practice nurses is the MSN level curriculum requiring 33 credit semester hours
Younhee Kang
Nursing genomics: practice implications every nurse should know.
Twenty-first century nurse clinicians, scientists, and educators must be informed of and become proficient in genetic competencies to provide the best available evidenced-based patient care. This article presents a historical context and basic applications of genetics, along with the attendant legal and ethical issues, to provide a framework for understanding genetics and the genomics applications used in clinical nursing practice. The implications of genomics are relevant to all areas of nursing practice, including risk assessment, education, clinical management, and future research. PMID:24295185
Umberger, Reba; Holston, Ezra C; Hutson, Sadie P; Pierce, Margaret
Practice patterns of licensed practical nurses in North Carolina.
In the United States, state laws develop basic practices to define the scopes of practice for registered nurses and licensed practical nurses (LPNs). The purpose of the study was to describe the actual practice patterns of LPNs working in North Carolina. The results of the study convey an unfavorable pattern regarding LPN scope of practice. Indications are that a paradigm shift might be required in order to reverse the pattern of overpractice by LPNs. PMID:22367015
Parnell, Elizabeth R; Kring, Daria L
The theoretical basis for nurse-midwifery practice in the United States: a critical analysis of three theories.
The relatively recent effort of midwifery scholars has resulted in the development of three middle-range midwifery theories in the United States. This article examines the three theoretical models that have been developed to describe the essential components of midwifery practice. The three theorists demonstrate remarkable consistency in the identification of concepts important to the discipline, which includes the following essential characteristics of the midwifery paradigm of care: 1) acknowledgment of connections between the mind and body and the person to the person's life and world; 2) assuming the perspective of the woman to investigate meaning and her experience of symptoms or conditions, so that a plan of care is developed by midwife and woman together; and 3) protection and nurturance of the "normal" in processes related to women's health, implying a judicious use of technology and intervention. PMID:15351327
Cragin, Leslie
Statistics for clinical nursing practice: an introduction.
Difficulty in understanding statistics is one of the most frequently reported barriers to nurses applying research results in their practice. Yet the amount of nursing research published each year continues to grow, as does the expectation that nurses will undertake practice based on this evidence. Critical care nurses do not need to be statisticians, but they do need to develop a working knowledge of statistics so they can be informed consumers of research and so practice can evolve and improve. For those undertaking a research project, statistical literacy is required to interact with other researchers and statisticians, so as to best design and undertake the project. This article is the first in a series that guides critical care nurses through statistical terms and concepts relevant to their practice. PMID:18926715
Rickard, Claire M
Magnet hospital nurses describe control over nursing practice.
Staff nurses describe control over nursing practice (C/NP) as a professional nursing function made up of a variety of activities and outcomes. Greater acclaim, status, and prestige for nursing in the organization are viewed as a result, not a precursor, of C/NP. Interviews with 279 staff nurses working in 14 magnet hospitals indicated that effective C/NP requires some kind of empowered, formal organizational structure, extends beyond clinical decision making at the patient care interface, and is the same as or highly similar to what the literature describes as professional autonomy. From constant comparative analysis of nurses' descriptions of C/NP activities, five ranked categories of this real-life event emerged. The basis for the categories and ranking was "who owned the problem, issue, and solution" and the "degree of effectiveness of control" as reflected in visibility, viability, and recognition of a formal structure allowing and encouraging nurses' control over practice. Hospital mergers and structural reorganization were reported to negatively affect the structure needed for effective C/NP. Almost 60% of these magnet hospital staff nurses stated and/or described little or no C/NP. PMID:12790058
Kramer, Marlene; Schmalenberg, Claudia E
Public Health Nursing Practice Manual.
The basic ingredients of a public health nursing program are presented in manual format by the Michigan Department of Public Health as a tool for use in planning a community nursing program. The manual deals with nursing skills, and includes: a guide to t...
C. L. Corriveau S. Buckman P. Hatfield A. Krause M. Mrozinski
Nursing leadership: interprofessional education and practice.
The column presents a scholarly dialogue about nursing's role in interprofessional education, practice, and collaboration. Susan Hassmiller, PhD, RN, FAAN, is the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) senior adviser for nursing. In this role, she shapes and leads the foundation's strategies to address nurse and nurse faculty shortages and ensures that RWJF's commitments in nursing have a broad and lasting national impact. In partnership with AARP, Hassmiller directs the foundation's Future of Nursing: Campaign for Action. This effort, active in 50 states plus the District of Columbia, strives to implement the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine's 2011 report, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, for which Hassmiller served as the study director. PMID:24085670
Clarke, Pamela N; Hassmiller, Susan
Oral Health Nursing Education and Practice Program
Millions of Americans have unmet oral healthcare needs and profound oral health disparities persist in vulnerable and underserved populations, especially poor children, older adults, and racial and ethnic minorities. Nurses can play a significant role in improving the quality of oral health including access to care with appropriate education and training. The purpose of this paper is to describe New York University College of Nursing's response to this challenge. The Oral Health Nursing Education and Practice (OHNEP) program is a national initiative aimed at preparing a nursing workforce with the competencies to prioritize oral disease prevention and health promotion, provide evidence-based oral healthcare in a variety of practice settings, and collaborate in interprofessional teams across the healthcare system. The overarching goal of this national initiative is to create an educational infrastructure for the nursing profession that advances nursing's contribution to reducing oral health disparities across the lifespan.
Dolce, Maria C.; Haber, Judith; Shelley, Donna
Interprofessional practice and learning disability nursing.
Several decades of policy and service change in the field of learning disability have set in place new service boundaries in health and social care, leading to different working relationships for professionals based on interprofessional and interagency collaboration. However, economic pressures may result in agencies offering resource-led rather than needs-led services, resulting in fragmented services and tensions between professional groups faced with tough choices in order to meet the long-term needs of people with learning disabilities. One of the key roles of the registered learning disability nurse (RLDN) is that of facilitator in meeting the healthcare needs of people with learning disabilities, which involves interprofessional working across these new health and social care boundaries. The aim of this article is to present the findings from a small scale research study that was undertaken to explore the views of the RLDN group in relation to interprofessional practice in the long-term support of people with learning disabilities. Set within a grounded theory methodology, this article focuses on one element of the research study, which was a descriptive analysis of individual practitioners' experiences. In documenting the practitioners' accounts, the research begins to identify a series of key roles and significant practice knowledge held by those employed in learning disability nursing positions. PMID:14688655
McCray, Janet
Sources of practice knowledge among nurses.
Several studies have been published listing sources of practice knowledge used by nurses. However, the authors located no studies that asked clinicians to describe comprehensively and categorize the kinds of knowledge needed to practice or in which the researchers attempted to understand how clinicians privilege various knowledge sources. In this article, the authors report findings from two large ethnographic case studies in which sources of practice knowledge was a subsidiary theme. They draw on data from individual and card sort interviews, as well as participant observations, to identify nurses' sources of practice knowledge. Their findings demonstrate that nurses categorize their sources of practice knowledge into four broad groupings: social interactions, experiential knowledge, documents, and a priori knowledge. The insights gained add new understanding about sources of knowledge used by nurses and challenge the disproportionate weight that proponents of the evidence-based movement ascribe to research knowledge. PMID:15761093
Estabrooks, Carole A; Rutakumwa, William; O'Leary, Katherine A; Profetto-McGrath, Joanne; Milner, Margaret; Levers, Merry Jo; Scott-Findlay, Shannon
Moral Deliberation in Psychiatric Nursing Practice
Moral deliberation has been receiving more attention in nursing ethics. Several ethical conversation models have been developed. This article explores the feasibility of the so-called CARE (Considerations, Actions, Reasons, Experiences) model as a framework for moral deliberation in psychiatric nursing practice. This model was used in combination with narrative and dialogical approaches to foster discourse between various stakeholders about coercion
Tineke A Abma; Guy AM Widdershoven
Practical Nursing, Volume I. Health Occupations Education.
This curriculum guide provides teachers with up-to-date information and skill-related applications needed by the practical nurse. The volume contains three sections and 24 instructional units: Personal Vocational Relationships (6 units), Nutrition (3 units), and Basic Nursing Principles and Applied Skills (15 units covering such topics as…
Rogers, Helen W.; And Others
Best Faculty Practice Plan Model for a Small College of Nursing
Bridging the gap between theory and practice has been a priority with universities and colleges of nursing. A mechanism for bridging this gap has been the establishment of faculty practices. Faculty practices have provided nurse practitioner faculty opportunities to mentor students, augment income, implement evidence-based research, provide…
Conrad, Sharyn Neiman
Differentiated Nursing Practice: Concepts and Considerations.
Differentiated practice structures the roles and functions of nurses according to education, experience, and competence. Although differentiation has increased staff retention and reduced recruiting costs, improvements in patient care are difficult to prove. (SK)
McClure, Margaret L.
Public Health Nursing: Education and Practice.
The report documents a project to obtain information on the congruence of the educational preparation of public health nurses at the baccalaureate level with their practice in official public health agencies. A series of small group discussions were held ...
D. C. Jones J. A. Davis M. C. Davis
Eliciting reflections on caring theory in elderly caring practice
Caring theories are the description and conceptualization of the care that is given in caring practise by nurses and other professional caregivers with the aim of verbalizing and communicating caring phenomena. Intermittently, a theory –practice gap is given expression- that theory does not go along with clinical practice in caring. The aim of this study was an investigation into the possible disparity between theory and practice in caring by analysing nurses' lived experience of the understanding of caring theory in practice in the context of municipal elderly care. Hermeneutical phenomenology was the research approach used to explore the lived experience of caring science theories in caring practice from the perspective of 12 nurses working in municipal care for elderly. The findings shows that the nurses Impulsively described their experience of detachment to caring theory, but when describing their caring intentions, the relationship to theory became apparent, and even confirmed their practice. As such, a seedbed exists for caring theory to be reflected on and cultivated in caring praxis. However, as the nurses describe, the caring theory must be sensitive enough for the nursing practitioners to accept. The gap revealed itself on an organisational level, as the nurses' commission in municipal care did not correspond with their caring intention. We believe it is important to seriously consider what we want to achieve as a caring profession. We have to reflect on our responsibility as culture carriers and knowledge developers. We must make the disparate forces of intention and organisation become one intertwining force.
Elisabeth Ranheim, Albertine; Karner, Anita; Bertero, Carina
Simulation in Kansas practical nursing programs.
This article discusses the lack of pediatric clinical experiences for practical nursing programs in Kansas (specifically in the Kansas City, Kansas Metropolitan area). The need for pediatric experience along with how pediatric simulation experience can enhance these programs is discussed. A quantitative research study evaluating at how implementation of a simulation activity into the practical nurse core curriculum impacts knowledge, student confidence, and satisfaction is explored. PMID:22479967
Rhodes, Heather A
The Nature of Advanced Practice Nursing.
Advanced practice nurses are situated between general knowledge (knowing why, what, and how) and particular knowledge (knowing who--personal knowledge of patients). Integration of the two assists in knowing when a particular action would be most helpful. This practical wisdom is the hallmark of advanced practice. (Contains 45 references.) (SK)
Oberle, Kathleen; Allen, Marion
Caring Behaviors of Advanced Practice Nursing Students
The purpose of this project was to provide advanced practice nursing (APN) students with the opportunity to enrich their aesthetic knowing and acquire the meaning of caring in their practice by reflecting on their caring narratives. Students were asked to write about a caring encounter they experienced in their practice. The instructor analyzed and organized that data from each narrative.
Karen Moore Schaefer
Beyond the sick role: situating community health nursing practice.
This grounded theory research into the role of the community health nurse in Australia identified that moving from the comfort and structure of an institutional setting to the client's turf results in profound changes to the purpose of nursing practice. Data were collected from 17 'excellent' community health nurses practising in a range of community health settings in three states of Australia. Data included transcripts from in-depth interviews, questionnaires, group discussions with participants, job descriptions, agency documentation, professional organisation documentation and focus groups. Data were analysed using constant comparative techniques. In community health nursing practice, the client's role changes from a sick role to a well role and there is a shift in responsibility for outcomes from the nurse to the client. The central purpose of the community health nursing role is to facilitate Situated Health Competence, which the client achieves within the context of going about their everyday life, including work, recreation, relationships and role responsibilities. Situated Health Competence requires families, groups and communities to address their own illnesses, health problems, health issues and health behaviours; have enough knowledge and power to make their own decisions; question matters that impact on their health; and seek out and access appropriate health resources on an ongoing basis. The findings of this study make the intangible motivations of the community health nurse more explicit. The aim of facilitating Situated Health Competence results in an expanded view of the boundaries of nursing practice. The traditional foci of nursing practice are still present, but are incorporated within a broader 'situated' role. PMID:10401284
St John, W
Auctions: Theory and Practice
This book is a non-technical introduction to auction theory; its practical application in auction design (including many examples); and its uses in other parts of economics. It can be used for a graduate course on auction theory, or – by picking selectively – an advanced undergraduate or MBA course on auctions and auction design. Part A introduces the basic theory.
Paul Klemperer
Transforming nursing practice: barriers and solutions.
All nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training. This key message from the Institute of Medicine report, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, applies to all RNs. Barriers need to come down that prevent nurses from reaching their full potential at a time when the US health care system needs to be operating at full capacity. With the focus of US health care shifting toward promoting wellness, preventing disease, and managing chronic conditions better, the role that nurses play in coordinating care will increase. As key members of health care provider teams, nurses' contributions to the delivery of safe, high-quality, cost-effective, and patient-centered care must be recognized and valued. For nurses to realize their full potential in new models of health care delivery, a transformation of nursing practice will need to occur. This overview demonstrates how professional nurses should prepare and contribute to critical changes needed in health care reform. PMID:23978174
Kunic, Russell J; Jackson, Denise
Nursing faculty practice: an organizational perspective.
After reviewing the faculty practice literature of the 1980s and finding philosophical support for practice but also growing concerns about faculty role overload, the authors report a study to identify organizational factors that influence the role expectations of faculty members about practice. A survey was sent to the deans or directors of all National League for Nursing--accredited baccalaureate nursing programs (n = 462). Of the 356 respondents (78 per cent), 224 (63.3 per cent) reported that their school had practicing faculty, but only 20 schools (8.8 per cent) required practice. Written faculty practice plans were reported by 23 schools (10.2 per cent), and nursing centers by 41 schools. Thirty-six respondents (16 per cent) reported that practicing faculty generated revenue for the school. Practice was required for promotion in 15.8 per cent and for tenure in 15.3 per cent of all schools surveyed. The study showed significant direct relationships between master's and doctoral programs and practicing faculty, but there was an inverse relationship between the presence of a health science center and schools with practicing faculty. Organizational factors relating to both the number and per cent of faculty who practiced included requiring practice, having a practice plan, and having practice as a criterion for promotion and for tenure. Revenue generation and presence of formalized practice arrangements were related to the number of faculty who practiced but not the per cent of the total faculty who practiced. The study's findings have implications for nursing education in designing organizational structures and rewards that support faculty practice. PMID:1401562
Barger, S E; Nugent, K E; Bridges, W C
Nursing Education Options: Practical Nursing, Associate Degree Nursing.
Contained in this curriculum guide are information and guidelines deemed essential to administrators and faculty for planning, implementing, and evaluating a community college Nursing Education Options Program. The document is divided into five sections covering: program development; students and student support services; facilities, equipment,…
Eller, Vercie M.; And Others
Medication administration practices of school nurses.
This study assessed the medication administration practices of school nurses. From a random sample of 1,000 members of the National Association of School Nurses, 649 (64.9%) completed the survey developed for the study. These school nurses report that during a typical day, 5.6% of children receive medication in school, with 3.3% receiving medications for ADHD. Almost all the school nurses follow written guidelines for administering medication. Potential problems were identified in documenting side effects of medications, storage of medications, student self-administration practices, and appropriate authorization of nonprescription drug use. Most nurses (75.6%) delegate medication administration to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), with secretaries (66.2%) the most common UAP. Discomfort with delegation and confusion over state nurse practice laws were noted. Errors in administering medications were reported by 48.5% of the school nurses, with missed dose (79.7%) the most common error. Factors identified as contributing to errors included use of UAP and responsibility for large numbers of students. PMID:11126999
McCarthy, A M; Kelly, M W; Reed, D
Developing nursing knowledge: practice issues raised from four philosophical perspectives.
Analysis and comparison of emerging perspectives in nursing on some of the key issues of practice theory can create an enhanced vision of the discipline. Four philosophy-of-science perspectives--realism, relativism, interpretivism, and humanism--are catalysts for fruitful insights about practice. However, together they generate more questions than they answer, both from each perspective and from the intersection of the assumptions of the four philosophies about the nature of knowledge. The nature of knowledge for practice emerges from examining how the philosophical basis and the derived practice theories address such issues as the phenomena of the discipline, environment, teleology, and nursing theoretical frameworks. This is the time for good debate and collaborative knowledge-building among scholars of various persuasions within a milieu of ethos, pathos, and logic. PMID:7770209
Roy, C L
The Role of Advanced Practice Nurses in Surgical Services
Many of the changes in health care delivery systems have had detrimental effects on nurses; however, some of these same changes are providing opportunities for acute care advanced practice nurses. Advanced practice nurses ensure continuity of care, manage use of resources, and coordinate patient services, which often results in cost savings. This article describes how advanced practice nurses in the
Sharon Canty Hylka; Janice Cooper Beschle
Certification and Regulation of Advanced Practice Nurses. Position Statement.
This position statement of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing asserts that the nursing profession must develop a standardized national advanced practice nursing certification process by 2000. Professional certification validates and standardizes the qualifications and practice competencies of the advanced practice nurse. (Author/JOW)
Journal of Professional Nursing, 1996
Supply, Demand, and Use of Licensed Practical Nurses.
Although licensed practical nurses (LPNs) organized into professional groups as early as 1941, there is little in the literature about the practice, work, demand for, or efficient utilization of the licensed practical nurse. There also is little guidance ...
Theory, Experiment of Practice.
Contents: The scope of scientific work and the role of the Scientist-organizer; Assimilating (Mastering) the achievements of science and technology; Theory, experiment and practice; The unity of science and technology; The efficiency of scientific work; Q...
P. L. Kapitsa
A framework for advanced practice nursing
The empirical and expository literatures about advanced nursing practice have lacked a broad, comprehensive, conceptual framework to organize and guide substantive work. Such a framework is needed during the development of health care policy, educational curricula, role descriptions, and research agendas for this arena of practice. The framework proposed in this article represents an integrative synthesis of previous work on
Sarah Jo Brown
Advanced Practice Nursing: Parameters for Successful Integration
This article analyzes advanced practice nursing roles through a literature review and a pilot stakeholder survey in relation to five strategic areas: (1) definitions and scope of practice; (2) education, credentialing and regulation; (3) new roles in healthcare; (4) costs and benefits in health reform; and (5) implementation and relationships. The Canadian health services environment is best served by a
Michael K. Howlett; Deborah Tamlyn
The Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory as a curriculum conceptual framework in baccalaureate education.
Although Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory has been used for curricula framework for years, it was not until 2001 that Orem identified the nursing practice sciences and the foundational nursing sciences and specified the appropriate content for the two sciences. The broad purpose of this paper is to reinforce the importance of utilizing nursing theories as curricular conceptual frameworks. The specific purpose is to delineate the appropriate content for baccalaureate programs that adopt a Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory conceptual framework for their curriculum. PMID:21471038
Berbiglia, Violeta A
Substantive theory on commitment to nurse teacherhood.
Nurse teacherhood is usually examined from the perspectives of nurse teachers' tasks, roles, skills and managing. The purpose of this study was to discuss how nurse teachers themselves describe their teacherhood. The purpose was also to generate a substantive theory of nurse teacherhood, its development, changes and manifestation. Nurse teachers from different polytechnics (today called universities of applied sciences) in Finland (N=34) were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. The data were analysed by employing the grounded theory method. Nurse teacherhood was found to be a dynamic process influenced by processes of change in the organisation, the operating culture of the health care working community, nurse teachers' professional self-esteem, the focus of nurse teachers' competence, their relationship with students, the future of their profession and requirements for staying in the profession. Commitment emerged as the core feature of nurse teacherhood. It was possible to distinguish eight types of commitment: (1) searching for new content in one's position, (2) being adapted to one's position, (3) trying to advance in one's position, (4) having found one's position, (5) searching for one's position, (6) withdrawing from one's position, (7) being satisfied with one's position and (8) being uncertain about one's position. PMID:17854953
Holopainen, Arja; Tossavainen, Kerttu; Kärnä-Lin, Eija
Mobile applications in nursing education and practice.
Students in an RN-BSN completion program capstone course investigated and critically evaluated mobile medical applications using an information literacy conceptual framework. Students also analyzed their potential usefulness as a resource in nursing practice. Student evaluations focused on usability and applicability when recommending the use of mobile applications as a point-of-care reference tools. This pilot assignment offers an innovative teaching strategy for integrating 1 aspect of informatics instruction into the nursing curriculum. PMID:24937293
Airth-Kindree, Norah; Vandenbark, R Todd
Put Theory into Practice
When making decisions that impact student learning, college educators often consider previous experiences, precedent, common sense, and advice from colleagues. But how often do they consider theory? At a recent state-level educators' meeting, the authors of this article asked 50 student affairs educators about the use of theory in their practice.…
Jaeger, Audrey J.; Dunstan, Stephany; Thornton, Courtney; Rockenbach, Alyssa B.; Gayles, Joy G.; Haley, Karen J.
Personal constructs of nursing practice: a comparative analysis of three groups of Australian nurses
Repertory grid technique was used to compare the personal constructs that three groups of nurses (critical care nurses, gerontology nurses and general nurses) used to characterize effective nursing within their areas of practice. To seek differences in the distribution of constructs across the three groups, the repertory grid data were represented by non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) which revealed separation between
Janice M. Wilson; Andrew P. Retsas
Identification of Desired Outcomes for School Nursing Practice
The "Scope and Standards of Professional School Nursing Practice" states that school nurses should evaluate the quality and effectiveness of their practice. School nurses have not yet identified and adopted outcomes by which this effectiveness can be measured. This study used focus groups during a national meeting of school nurse leaders to…
Selekman, Janice; Guilday, Patricia
Structures and practices enabling staff nurses to control their practice.
This mixed-methods study uses interviews, participant observations, and the CWEQII empowerment tool to identify structures and attributes of structures that promote control over nursing practice (CNP). Nearly 3,000 staff nurses completed the Essentials of Magnetism (EOM), an instrument that measures CNP, one of the eight staff nurse-identified essential attributes of a productive work environment. Strategic sampling is used to identify 101 high CNP-scoring clinical units in 8 high-EOM scoring magnet hospitals. In addition to 446 staff nurses, managers, and physicians on these high-scoring units, chief nursing officers, chief operating officers, and representatives from other professional departments are interviewed; participant observations are made of all unit/departmental/hospital council and interdisciplinary meetings held during a 4 to 6 day site visit. Structures and components of viable shared governance structures that enabled CNP are identified through constant comparative analysis of interviews and observations, and through analysis of quantitative measures. PMID:18195080
Kramer, Marlene; Schmalenberg, Claudia; Maguire, Patricia; Brewer, Barbara B; Burke, Rebecca; Chmielewski, Linda; Cox, Karen; Kishner, Janice; Krugman, Mary; Meeks-Sjostrom, Diana; Waldo, Mary
The national nursing model from the nursing practice perspective - results from a finnish evaluation study.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the national nursing model in Finland. The feasibility evaluation was carried out with nurses using interviews and patient case scenarios in primary, specialized and private healthcare. The nursing process model showed to be feasible in nursing practice but the current national nursing classification (FinCC) was considered to be too detailed, multi-layered and difficult to understand and use. Overall, electronic nursing documentation improves the legal protection of patients and health professionals and makes nursing care transparent, but the nursing documentation systems do not support multi-professional care or information exchange. This study resulted in that the nursing model should conform better to nursing practices and support better nurses in their care interventions. An essential improvement for nursing practice would be specific templates that are easy to apply in specific situations with homogenous patient groups. PMID:24199092
Kuusisto, Anne; Kaipio, Johanna; Nykänen, Pirkko
The National Nursing Model from the Nursing Practice Perspective - Results from a Finnish Evaluation Study
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the national nursing model in Finland. The feasibility evaluation was carried out with nurses using interviews and patient case scenarios in primary, specialized and private healthcare. The nursing process model showed to be feasible in nursing practice but the current national nursing classification (FinCC) was considered to be too detailed, multi-layered and difficult to understand and use. Overall, electronic nursing documentation improves the legal protection of patients and health professionals and makes nursing care transparent, but the nursing documentation systems do not support multi-professional care or information exchange. This study resulted in that the nursing model should conform better to nursing practices and support better nurses in their care interventions. An essential improvement for nursing practice would be specific templates that are easy to apply in specific situations with homogenous patient groups.
Kuusisto, Anne; Kaipio, Johanna; Nykanen, Pirkko
Pediatric Nurses' Beliefs and Pain Management Practices: An Intervention Pilot
We evaluated feasibility of the Internet-based Relieve Children's Pain (RCP) protocol to improve nurses' management of children's pain. RCP is an interactive, content-focused, and Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory-based intervention. Using a one-group, pre/posttest design, we evaluated feasibility of RCP and pre/post difference in scores for nurses' beliefs, and simulated and actual pain management practices. Twenty-four RNs completed an Internet-based Pain Beliefs and Practices Questionnaire (PBPQ, alpha=.83) before and after they completed the RCP and an Acceptability Scale afterward. Mean total PBPQ scores significantly improved from pre-to-posttest as did simulated practice scores. After RCP in actual hospital practice, nurses administered significantly more ibuprofen and keterolac and children's pain intensity significantly decreased. Findings showed strong evidence for the feasibility of RCP and study procedures and significant improvement in nurses' beliefs and pain management practices. The 2-hour RCP program is promising and warrants replication with an attention control group and a larger sample.
Vincent, Catherine Van Hulle; Wilkie, Diana J.; Wang, Edward
Social capital, rural nursing and rural nursing theory.
The notion of social capital focuses attention on social connectedness within communities and the ways that this connectedness may affect health and well-being. There are many competing definitions of social capital but most suggest that it involves trust, social networks and reciprocity within communities, not necessarily geographically defined. The usefulness of social capital and related theories that help in understanding the function of nurses in rural communities are explored in this paper. Nurses and health service planners are becoming increasingly aware of the potential contribution of community nurses in rural and/or remote areas, as evidenced in the development of nurse practitioners. Through their interrelational role and status in rural communities, nurses are often 'immersed' or 'embedded' in the social networks that make up the fabric of rural life and may therefore be important contributors to social capital. For a concept such as social capital to be useful in nursing research, it must have distinct attributes, delineated boundaries, and well-described preconditions and outcomes in multiple contexts. PMID:16494669
Lauder, William; Reel, Sally; Farmer, Jane; Griggs, Harvey
Clinical practice guideline use by oncology advanced practice nurses
Understanding how clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are utilized and the effects of their implementation on outcomes is an important goal. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if oncology advanced practice nurse (APN) interventions provided to men with prostate cancer were consistent with Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research CPGs regarding pain [U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Regina S. Cunningham
Influence of Professional Nursing Practice on Nurse Satisfaction and Retention among Active Duty United States Air Force Nurses.
A causal modeling non-experimental design was used to test the influence of professional nursing practice (autonomy, control over nursing practice, group cohesion, and organizational commitment) on job satisfaction and anticipated turnover. A sample of 79...
M. A. Solano
A Novel Theory for Nursing Education
This article discusses how aspects of a holistic comfort theory were adapted to create a taxonomic structure to apply its concepts to a fast-track nursing education program. The principles of learner-centered education were combined with comfort theory to develop strategies that appear to have produced positive influences on the attributes and con- texts of comfort within the learning community. With
Miki Goodwin; Susan H. Steiner
Motivating employees. Applying motivational theories to nursing.
Managers provide the critical link between the delivery of nursing care and the administration. It is vital for nurse managers to provide a work environment that supports professional nursing practices. Staff nurses are taught how to carry out clinical functions. For them to develop and practice advanced clinical skills, managers have to buffer the pressures of daily operations. They must ask themselves, "Am I committed to my employees?" "Am I an enthusiastic role model for my employees?" "Do I use positive motivating techniques?" "Do I know each of my employees personally as a unique individual?" "What can I do to create an environment that supports my employees?" and "How can I make each of my employees feel respected and worthy?" If the manager, whether experienced or not, can answer these questions honestly and apply motivational techniques differently, he or she will be the best kind of manager: a true leader. PMID:2619295
Pustai, I
Advanced Practice Nursing in Home Health
Advanced practice nurses play an important role in the delivery of home health care. They possess the advanced knowledge and skills to improve the quality of care given to clients. The increasingly complex needs of those receiving home health services today make access to these providers imperative. Many clients may not have this clinical expertise readily available to them because
Krista B. Tull; Ruth M. Carroll
The Palliative Care Advanced Practice Nurse
The emerging role of the advanced practice nurse (APN) as a palliative care provider is gain- ing increased recognition in the United States. The APN' s ability to perform comprehensive physical evaluations, order and interpret diagnostics, and prescribe appropriate medications while receiving reimbursement allow this provider to become a valuable and important dis- cipline in the patient' s plan of
Kim K. Kuebler
[Switzerland: advanced practice nursing in pediatrics].
In the 21st century, the ageing of the population, chronic diseases and the increasing cost of healthcare mean adjustments have to be made to the healthcare system. In Switzerland, notably, advanced nursing practices are being implemented in order to improve the quality of care and reduce healthcare costs. PMID:24617095
Barbosa, Andreia; Gonçalves, Jennifer; Ybargüen, Miriam
The Advance Practice Nurse Role in Pediatric Home Care
This article provides firsthand insight into advanced practice pediatric nursing in the home health care setting. In the past few years, the role of the advanced practice registered nurse in pediatric care has expanded to include such practice areas as school-based health clinics, child protective agencies, and home care. Nurse practitioners' job descriptions often differ based on where they work,
Mary Lee Kerrins
Advanced practice nurses in emergency care settings: A demographic profile
Introduction: Very little is known about clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners (advance practice nurses [APNs]) who practice in emergency care settings. The Advanced Practice Committee of the ENA sought to determine a profile of these individuals. Methods: Surveys were distributed to all registrants at 2 ENA conferences and posted on the ENA Web site. This survey asked 17 questions
Frank L. Cole; Laura L. Kuensting; Susan MacLean; Cynthia Abel; Joyce Mickanin; Patty Brueske; Maureen Rehwaldt
The Evolving Role of Advanced Practice Nurses in Surgery
Health care reform has created many opportunities for advanced practice nurses and for OR nurses who want to go beyond traditional circulating and scrub roles. This article will briefly differentiate between expanded and advanced nursing practice and offer a definition and conceptual model for the surgical arena. Literature will be reviewed related to development, evaluation, and practice issues of the
Denise M. Hodson
Advanced Practice Nurses in Home Care: Is there a Role?
The current challenges affecting home care make the environment ripe for the development of new models of advanced practice nursing in home care. This article explores the barriers and benefits of advanced practice nursing in home care and describes the changes needed to fully integrate the advanced practice nurse into the home care delivery system.
Paula Milone-Nuzzo; Adele Pike
Nurses as practice change facilitators for healthy behaviors.
This study used nurses as practice change consultants to help primary care medical practices improve their delivery of health behavior services to patients. Nurse consultants worked with 20 practices from 2 healthcare systems. In each practice, the nurses helped clinicians and staff to develop a practice-specific protocol so that they could identify and intervene with the health behavior of their patients. As a result of the nurse consultant intervention, health behavior delivery was improved. This article describes the specific methods and the lessons learned through this study. We encourage practices to use nurse consultants as one way of improving quality of care. PMID:18344778
Holtrop, Jodi Summers; Baumann, Jeanne; Arnold, Anita K; Torres, Trissa
Impact of human resource management practices on nursing home performance.
Management scholars and practitioners alike have become increasingly interested in learning more about the ability of certain 'progressive' or 'high-performance' human resource management (HRM) practices to enhance organizational effectiveness. There is growing evidence to suggest that the contribution of various HRM practices to impact firm performance may be synergistic in effect yet contingent on a number of contextual factors, including workplace climate. A contingency theory perspective suggests that in order to be effective, HMR policies and practices must be consistent with other aspects of the organization, including its environment. This paper reports on empirical findings from research that examines the relationship between HRM practices, workplace climate and perceptions of organizational performance, in a large sample of Canadian nursing homes. Data from 283 nursing homes were collected by means of a mail survey that included questions on HRM practices, programmes, and policies, on human resource aspects of workplace climate, as well as a variety of indicators that include employee, customer/resident and facility measures of organizational performance. Results derived from ordered probit analysis suggest that nursing homes in our sample which had implemented more 'progressive' HRM practices and which reported a workplace climate that strongly values employee participation, empowerment and accountability tended to be perceived to generally perform better on a number of valued organizational outcomes. Nursing homes in our sample that performed best overall were found to be more likely to not only have implemented more of these HRM practices, but also to report having a workplace climate that reflects the seminal value that it places on its human resources. This finding is consistent with the conclusion that simply introducing HRM practices or programmes, in the absence of an appropriately supportive workplace climate, will be insufficient to attain optimal organizational performance. PMID:11507813
Rondeau, K V; Wagar, T H
Practical Nursing, Volume III. Health Occupations Education. [Revised].
This document is a comprehensive guide for instructors to use in teaching the final phase of the practical nursing program. This revised volume contains information related to medical-surgical nursing, mental health nursing, and career success. The section on medical-surgical nursing is composed of many units, dealing with the following subjects:…
Reid, Jamee Noell
Models of differentiated practice and specialization in community nursing: a
In most agencies for community nursing at least two types of nurse are employed. To ensure efficient use of personnel and high quality of nursing care, the principles of differentiated practice and specialization are used. It is suggested that these types of work redesign will have consequences for nurses and their work. We made a review of the literature to
P. G. M. Jansen; A. Kerkstra; H. Huijer Abu-Saad; J. van der Zee
[Psychological violence in nurses' professional practice].
This descriptive study was performed from April to June 2008, at Universidade Federal do Paraná, in three hospitals, one higher education school and one secondary education school. The objectives were: to analyze the presence of psychological violence in the professional practice of nurses; to characterize the type of violence and the aggressor; to identify the victim's reactions after the aggression. Interviews were performed with 161 nurses, whose ages ranged between 22 and 57 years, and most of white ethnicity. It was found that psychological violence occurs at both the hospital and academic settings; most aggressors are women, particularly colleagues, followed by physicians and other health team professionals; nurses with less than one year since their graduation were those who suffered the highest degree of aggression and of greatest intensity. The factors that resulted from the aggression included irritability, which ranked first place, followed by anger, sorrow, and reduced self-esteem. PMID:21445485
Barbosa, Rute; Labronici, Liliana Maria; Sarquis, Leila Maria Mansano; de Fátima Mantovani, Maria
The Quad Council practice competencies for public health nursing.
This article describes the most recent efforts by the Quad Council of Public Health Nursing organizations to review and revise the competencies for PHN practice, and highlights the implications of these competencies for practice, education, and research. The Quad Council is a coalition of four nursing organizations with a focus on public health nursing and includes the Association of Community Health Nursing Educators; the Association of Public Health Nursing (known prior to July 1, 2012 as the Association of State and Territorial Directors of Nursing); the Public Health Nursing section of the American Public Health Association; and the Council on Economics and Practice of the American Nurses' Association. The Quad Council competencies are based on the Council on Linkages competencies for public health professionals and were designed to ensure that public health nursing fits in the domain of public health science and practice. PMID:24579712
Swider, Susan M; Krothe, Joyce; Reyes, David; Cravetz, Michelle
The clinical competency of practicing and nonpracticing faculty of associate degree schools of nursing
This study assesses and describes the perception of clinical competency and the relationship to clinical practice of full-time nursing faculty in the associate degree nursing programs in the state of Florida. The study was developed around one major hypothesis and four research questions. The Hygiene-Motivators Theory proposed by Herzberg, Mausner, and Snyderman (1959) provided the conceptual framework to explain factors
Jo Ann Sanders Kleier
The case for concordance: value and application in nursing practice.
This is the first of two articles exploring the concept of concordance in practice. This first paper draws on psychology, research in clinical practice and social participation theory to argue for a concordant approach to nursing care. Where most writers have confined discussions on concordance to medicines management, the author seeks to widen the debate to explore the value of the principle across the whole spectrum of nursing practice. Studies describing patient involvement are mapped against Arnstein's model of citizen participation to determine true levels of patient-practitioner working. The outcomes of care delivered in a paternalistic way are compared with those arising from patient-practitioner partnership working across a range of healthcare settings. The values underpinning concordance and the relationships and skills necessary to achieve and sustain it are considered. A recommendation for practice is that concordance needs to be taught as a central part of the healthcare process rather than merely an ethical principle in healthcare education. The power of the nurse-patient relationship on which concordance is built needs to be recognised and valued. The principle of concordance will be more feasible in practice when accompanied by other initiatives that promote public participation in education review commissioning and standard setting. PMID:24261092
McKinnon, John
Reflective practice groups for nurses: a consultation liaison psychiatry nursing initiative: part 1--The model.
In the present study, we outline the evolution of a process-focused reflective practice group (RPG) model for nurses working in clinical settings. The groups were initiated at Redcliffe and Caboolture hospitals by the consultation liaison psychiatry nurse and author. An associated article provides an evaluation of these RPG. The literature review identifies the key themes and theories on which the model is based, and the article outlines the process and practicalities of facilitating RPG in critical care, midwifery, and oncology specialties over a 3-year period. The model proposes that the effectiveness and sustainability of RPG arises from adequate preparation and engagement with prospective participants. Group rules, based on principles of confidentially, supportiveness, and diversity, were collaboratively developed for each group. Facilitation utilized a group-as-a-whole approach to manage process and stimulate reflection. While the purpose of RPG was a reflection on interpersonal aspects of nursing, contextual workplace issues were frequently raised in groups. Acknowledgement and containment of such issues were necessary to maintain clinical focus. The literature highlights facilitator credibility and style as crucial factors in the overall success of RPG, and it is proposed that reflective practice as a process-focused model for groups succeeds when nurse facilitators are trained in group process and receive concurrent supervision. PMID:23009276
Dawber, Chris
Decision making in community nursing: an analysis of the stages of decision making as they relate to community nursing assessment practice.
This paper considers the nature of decisions made in the context of community nursing practice, in the light of the stages of decision making distilled by Carroll & Johnson from the work of various theorists, and explores the relevance of each stage to community nurses' decision making. Illustrative examples of specific theoretical perspectives are included throughout the paper. The discussion forms part of the literature review for research currently being undertaken by the authors into patient assessment by community nurses. As decision making is a key element of community nurses' assessment practice, the paper argues that decision making theory forms a useful conceptual framework for investigating this aspect of community nursing. PMID:8807373
Bryans, A; McIntosh, J
Nurses' skill level and access to evidence-based practice.
Integrating evidence-based practice into the culture of an acute care hospital requires assessment, planning, and intervention by nursing leadership. The authors discuss a statewide study that assessed the skill level of nurses in obtaining evidence for their nursing practice, using computers and databases, as well as evaluating the perceived availability of resources in their hospitals to access evidence. PMID:18997555
Cadmus, Edna; Van Wynen, Elizabeth A; Chamberlain, Barbara; Steingall, Patricia; Kilgallen, Mary Ellen; Holly, Cheryl; Gallagher-Ford, Lynn
A Study of the Practical Nursing Programs in Vermont.
The purpose of the study was to review the entire practical nursing program and to make recommendations for its long-term organization and objectives. Relevant information concerned (1) the history of practical nursing, (2) purpose, membership, and related information on four professional nursing organizations, (3) state and federal legislation…
Carr, Ruby C.
Learning Styles of Baccalaureate Nursing Students and Attitudes toward Theory-Based Nursing.
The personal and environmental factors related to undergraduate and post-RN nursing students' attitudes toward theory-based nursing from Kolb's experiential learning theory perspective were investigated. Learning style and environmental press perceptions were found to be related to attitudes toward theory-based nursing. (Author/MLW)
Laschinger, Heather K.; Boss, Marvin K.
The Attending Nurse: An Evolving Model for Integrating Nursing Education and Practice
The discipline of nursing continues to evolve in keeping with the dramatic expansion of scientific knowledge, technology, and a concomitant increase in complexity of patient care in all practice settings. Changing patient demographics require complex planning for co-morbidities associated with chronic diseases and life-saving advances that have altered mortality in ways never before imagined. These changes in practice, coupled with findings from sophisticated nursing research and the continuous development of new nursing knowledge, call for realignments of the relationships among academic faculty in schools of nursing, advanced practice nurse administrators, and staff nurses at the forefront of practice. This article offers a model designed to bridge the gaps among academic settings, administrative offices and the euphemistic "bedsides" where staff nurses practice. Here we describe the nurse attending model in place at the New York University Langone Medical Center (NYULMC) and provide qualitative data that support progress in our work.
Fulmer, Terry; Cathcart, Eloise; Glassman, Kimberly; Budin, Wendy; Naegle, Madeline; Devanter, Nancy Van
Educational Progression of Licensed Practical Nurses to Registered Nursing Programs. Project Report.
A project was conducted to develop a structural mechanism for articulation between colleges and vocational schools in West Virginia. Such articulation would permit licensed practical nurses (LPNs) desiring to become registered nurses to transfer credits for their licensed practical nursing courses and thereby eliminate unnecessary repetition of…
Hosch, India, Comp.
Practice nurses as mentors for student nurses: An untapped educational resource?
This article describes an evaluation process aimed at exploring the issues related to placing third year undergraduate students with Practice Nurses for their adult branch community placement. The evaluation process was based on an iterative action research cycle, demonstrating a reflective approach to the placement. This evaluation of student nurse placements with Practice Nurses intended to provide a useful contribution
Ina Machen
A synthesis of Vroom's model with other social theories: an application to nursing education.
In 2009, the National League for Nursing reported that there are over 3.4 million persons in the United States employed in nursing in the roles of Registered Nurses (RNs) and Advanced Practice Nurses (APRNs). In 2007, the Bureau of Labor Statistics also reported that in 2006, there were over 749,000 Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) working in the United States with a projected increase of 14% by 2016. Buerhaus et al, in 2009, stated that between 2016 and 2025, it is estimated that the U.S. will need over 260,000 registered nurses (RNs) Using the conceptual framework of Vroom's expectancy theory on motivation as well as theories addressing student and career development, this paper demonstrates a synthesis of Vroom's model with other educational theories and its application to nursing education, specifically the prediction of motivation to advance one's nursing education. By putting Vroom's theory into a context, Vroom's fairly simple model could help nurse educators predict the factors that make for success in midcareer educational advancement--and even possibly manipulate those factors to increase that success. In today's economy, that practical part seems too good to lose. PMID:20832146
Gyurko, Charlene C
The doctor of nursing practice and nursing education: highlights, potential, and promise.
The success of the doctor of nursing practice (DNP) programs have exceeded everyone's expectations and resulted in increased interest in doctoral education in nursing. A shortage of doctorally prepared nurse educators continues to plague the profession and has a severe impact on the ability of schools of nursing to educate future generations of nurses. As a terminal degree in nursing practice, there is little focus on DNP graduates who are prepared as educators. To remedy this deficit, this article will therefore discuss and highlight (a) the significant potential of the DNP to mitigate the current nursing faculty shortage and to close the practice-education gap, (b) the specialized role of DNP graduates as educators and leaders in nursing education, and (c) the implications of the DNP for nursing scholarship. PMID:21925464
Danzey, Ida Maria; Ea, Emerson; Fitzpatrick, Joyce J; Garbutt, Susan J; Rafferty, Margaret; Zychowicz, Michael E
Quality and safety education for advanced nursing practice.
The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) project is a national initiative to transform nursing education to integrate quality and safety competencies. This article describes a two-year process to generate educational objectives related to quality and safety competency development in graduate programs that prepare advanced practice nurses in clinical roles. Knowledge, skills, and attitudes for each of 6 competencies are proposed to stimulate development of teaching strategies in programs preparing the next generation of advanced practice nurses. PMID:19942035
Cronenwett, Linda; Sherwood, Gwen; Pohl, Joanne; Barnsteiner, Jane; Moore, Shirley; Sullivan, Dori Taylor; Ward, Deborah; Warren, Judith
Anxiety and surplus in nursing practice: lessons from Lacan and Bataille.
It is well established, following Menzies' work, that nursing practice produces considerable anxiety. Like Menzies, we bring a psychoanalytic perspective to a theorization of anxiety in nursing and do so in order to consider nursing practice in the light of psychoanalytic theory, although from a Lacanian perspective. We also draw on Bataille's notion of 'surplus'. These concepts provide the theoretical framework for a study investigating how some clinical nurses are able to remain in clinical practice rather than leave the profession or seek work at a distance from the bedside. We conducted focus groups and present here an analysis of two fragments of nurses' speech. We found the nurses responded from one of two positions. In the first position, the nurses focus on doctors, complain about the surplus afforded them, and call for it to be eliminated. In this way, the nursing group is similar to other groups, considered by Bataille, who also attempt to get rid of a surplus. However, in the second position, the nurses stay with the surplus, tolerating it as they nurse the patient. This latter position is one where the nurse practises with a focus on the patient rather than being distracted by their dispute over the doctor's privilege. The importance of this paper is in its illustration of two distinct positions from which the nurse can practise: one that is not optimal because the nurse is distracted and the other that is more focused on practice, and thus the nurse is in a position to provide the best care possible to patients. PMID:24460865
Evans, Alicia M; Glass, Nel; Traynor, Michael
Nurses in general practice settings: roles and responsibilities.
Nurses are an important human resource, vital for the delivery of health services in countries across the globe. To improve the quality, access and affordability of primary care services to support rural and remote communities, in 2001, the Australian Government implemented the Nursing in General Practice Initiative [NIGPI] to increase the numbers of nurses to work in general practice settings. The NIGPI positions nurses as both a human resource and a human commodity. This paper examines how developments emerging from this initiative enable and constrain the role and responsibilities of nurses working in general practices in Australia. PMID:18041978
Price, Kay
Humanitarian nursing challenges: a grounded theory study.
In response to the 2004 tsunami disaster in the Indian Ocean, the U.S. Navy deployed teams aboard the USNS Mercy to provide aid during Operation Unified Assistance (OUA). To date, few research studies have examined how Navy nurses prepared for and clinically performed during this relief operation. The current article describes the challenges faced by Navy nurses throughout OUA. A purposive convenience sample was recruited; 11 participated. Data were collected from interviews, observations, field notes, memos, and a demographic tool. Information was categorized, coded, compared to incoming data, then analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's open coding, axial coding, and selective coding methods. A theoretical model was developed to illustrate how participants experienced the mission. Key lessons learned were that most were unprepared for providing pediatric care, and saying "No" in delivering care. Recommendations include: deployment of advanced-practice nurses (specialists in pediatrics and well-mental health) and predeployment training on moral distress. PMID:20731277
Almonte, Angelica L C
[Advanced nursing practice: vision in Switzerland].
To meet the challenges related to the development of health problems taking into account the development of knowledge, several innovations in care are being implemented. Among these, advanced nursing roles and increased interprofessional collaboration are considered as important features in Switzerland. Although the international literature provides benchmarks for advanced roles, it was considered essential to contextualize these in order to promote their application value in Switzerland. Thus, from 79 statements drawn from the literature, 172 participants involved in a two-sequential phases study only kept 29 statements because they considered they were relevant, important and applicable in daily practice. However, it is important to point out that statements which have not been selected at this stage to describe advanced practice cannot be considered irrelevant permanently. Indeed, given the emergence of advanced practice in western Switzerland, it is possible that a statement judged not so relevant at this moment of the development of advanced practice, will be considered as such later on. The master's program in nursing embedded at the University of Lausanne and the University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland was also examined in the light of these statements. It was concluded that all the objectives of the program are aligned with the competencies statements that were kept. PMID:24490453
Morin, Diane; Ramelet, Anne-Sylvie; Shaha, Maya
Scholarly publication practices of Doctor of Nursing Practice-prepared nurses.
Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) graduates are expected to contribute to nursing knowledge through empirically based studies testing the effectiveness of practice approaches that ultimately benefit patients and health care systems. This article describes publication practices of DNP graduates in the scholarly literature. Published studies (2005 to 2012) with at least one author with a DNP degree were identified. The search yielded 300 articles in 59 journals; 175 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. A codebook, consisting of 15 major categories, was used to extract relevant information. Original clinical investigations were the most frequent, followed by practice-focused patient and provider studies. The number of studies published in peer-reviewed journals with DNP-prepared authors increased over time. We recommend greater integration of translational science models into DNP curricula to achieve the goal of publishing scholarly products that use evidence to improve either practice or patient outcomes. PMID:23855342
Broome, Marion E; Riner, Mary E; Allam, Eman S
Informatics in the Doctor of Nursing Practice Curriculum
In 2006, The American Association of Colleges of Nursing approved a new doctoral degree for clinical leaders, the Doctor of Nursing Practice. These new advanced practice leaders will need sophisticated skills in informatics to acquire and use data, information, and knowledge in their roles. This paper proposes a foundational course for all Doctor of Nursing Practice students and some strategies for integrating informatics throughout the curriculum.
Jenkins, Melinda; Wilson, Marisa; Ozbolt, Judy
Clinical Experience in Advanced Practice Nursing: A Canadian Perspective.
The role of advanced practice (AP) nurses must be clearly articulated and defined and not overshadowed by medical functions. Consensus on their educational preparation and explication of the nature of expertise in advanced practice are needed if AP nurses are to realize the full scope of their practice. (Contains 35 references.) (SK)
Donnelly, Glenn
Reflections on the continuing evolution of advanced practice nursing
While the concept of advanced practice nursing (APN) is still relatively new, distinct patterns of evolution from specialty practice to advanced practice nursing are evident over the last 100 years. The purpose of this article is to describe 3 stages in this evolutionary process, as well as discuss several internal and external issues that represent challenges facing APN educators and
Charlene M. Hanson; Ann B Hamric
Team tactics: a study of nurse collaboration in general practice
THIS paper examines the extent and type of collab orative work amongst community and practice nurses based in general practice in relation to health promotion. The data were drawn from a quantitative and qualitative study carried out from Autumn 1991 to Spring 1992, which investigated the prevention of coronary heart disease in general practice and the role of community nurses.
Sarah Cant; Amanda Killoran
Hallmarks of the Professional Nursing Practice Environment. AACN White Paper.
This white paper from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing depicts the current environment of nursing practice, including supply and demand. It describes work environments that support professional practice and outlines eight indicators for the practice environment. Contains 48 references and an appendix with suggested questions for…
Journal of Professional Nursing, 2002
Nursing practice environment, quality of care, and morale of hospital nurses in Japan.
The purpose of this study was to describe Japanese hospital nurses' perceptions of the nursing practice environment and examine its association with nurse-reported ability to provide quality nursing care, quality of patient care, and ward morale. A cross-sectional survey design was used including 223 nurses working in 12 acute inpatient wards in a large Japanese teaching hospital. Nurses rated their work environment favorably overall using the Japanese version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. Subscale scores indicated high perceptions of physician relations and quality of nursing management, but lower scores for staffing and resources. Ward nurse managers generally rated the practice environment more positively than staff nurses except for staffing and resources. Regression analyses found the practice environment was a significant predictor of quality of patient care and ward morale, whereas perceived ability to provide quality nursing care was most strongly associated with years of clinical experience. These findings support interventions to improve the nursing practice environment, particularly staffing and resource adequacy, to enhance quality of care and ward morale in Japan. PMID:23855754
Anzai, Eriko; Douglas, Clint; Bonner, Ann
Moving toward a Model for Nursing Education and Practice.
One baccalaureate nursing program and five community college programs collaboratively developed a shared philosophy, curriculum design, and model for nursing education and practice. The model takes a holistic view of the client/patient's mind, body, and spirit engaged in life-changing transitions and depicts the role of nursing care. (SK)
Lusk, Marilyn; Decker, Ilene
The Competencies in Nutrition Essential for Comprehensive Nursing Practice.
Faculty of nursing education programs within the Georgia university system were surveyed to ascertain their opinions about the nutrition competencies that they consider essential for comprehensive nursing practice and the level of nursing education program(s) to which these competencies are best suited. The survey instrument, 56 competency…
Trooboff, Rebecca C.
Practical Nursing Education: Criteria and Procedures for Accreditation.
The third in a series of pamphlets on practical nursing education, this document contains information on accreditation standards governing nursing programs. Included are announcements of: (1) available accreditation and consultation services, (2) policies regulating accreditation eligibility, (3) standards of ethics by which nursing programs are…
National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service, Inc., New York, NY.
Factors affecting practical nursing student attrition.
This study investigated factors that affect student attrition for 151 students in a practical nursing program. The academic variables studied were scores on preadmission tests and grades in required prerequisite courses. The demographic variables included age, gender, and race. The analysis of the data obtained from student records revealed a statistically significant difference between the retention and attrition student groups for the variables of race, preadmission test scores, and prerequisite course grades. Recommendations for a retention program to reduce attrition were made based on the findings of this study. PMID:18792710
Stickney, Margaret Christine
Assuring Quality and Access in Advanced Practice Nursing: A Challenge to Nurse Educators.
Advanced practice nurses are assuming increasingly accountable roles in primary health care. A doctor of nursing practice degree would signify the high level of competency they achieve. Columbia University's training model is an example of the preparation needed for this level of professional practice. (SK)
Mundinger, Mary O.; Cook, Sarah Sheets; Lenz, Elizabeth R.; Piacentini, Karen; Auerhahn, Carolyn; Smith, Jennifer
Reflections on nursing practice science: the nature, the structure, and the foundation of nursing sciences.
In preparation for the self-care deficit nursing theory conference to be held in Ulm, Germany in 2004, Dorothea Orem and I reflected on the development of nursing science. Orem drafted this paper which I edited. The International Orem Society is sharing this paper with Nursing Science Quarterly as presented to the conference as a memorial to Orem and her work. PMID:21220574
Orem, Dorothea E; Taylor, Susan G
Pain Management: Knowledge and Attitudes of Senior Nursing Students and Practicing Registered Nurses
Despite scientific advances in pain management, inadequate pain relief in hospitalized patients continues to be an on-going phenomenon. Although nurses do not prescribe medication for pain, the decision to administer pharmacological or other interventions for pain relief is part of nursing practice. Nurses play a critical role in the relief of…
Messmer, Sherry
Nursing Services Delivery Theory: an open system approach
meyer r.m. & o'brien-pallas l.l. (2010)Nursing services delivery theory: an open system approach. Journal of Advanced Nursing66(12), 2828–2838. Aim This paper is a discussion of the derivation of the Nursing Services Delivery Theory from the application of open system theory to large-scale organizations. Background The underlying mechanisms by which staffing indicators influence outcomes remain under-theorized and unmeasured, resulting in a 'black box' that masks the nature and organization of nursing work. Theory linking nursing work, staffing, work environments, and outcomes in different settings is urgently needed to inform management decisions about the allocation of nurse staffing resources in organizations. Data sources A search of CINAHL and Business Source Premier for the years 1980–2008 was conducted using the following terms: theory, models, organization, organizational structure, management, administration, nursing units, and nursing. Seminal works were included. Discussion The healthcare organization is conceptualized as an open system characterized by energy transformation, a dynamic steady state, negative entropy, event cycles, negative feedback, differentiation, integration and coordination, and equifinality. The Nursing Services Delivery Theory proposes that input, throughput, and output factors interact dynamically to influence the global work demands placed on nursing work groups at the point of care in production subsystems. Implications for nursing The Nursing Services Delivery Theory can be applied to varied settings, cultures, and countries and supports the study of multi-level phenomena and cross-level effects. Conclusion The Nursing Services Delivery Theory gives a relational structure for reconciling disparate streams of research related to nursing work, staffing, and work environments. The theory can guide future research and the management of nursing services in large-scale healthcare organizations.
Meyer, Raquel M; O'Brien-Pallas, Linda L
[Care management for tuberculosis: from education to the nurse practice].
The study aimed to analyze the relation between the training of the nurse and the actions directed to the management of the care to the tuberculosis. With qualitative nature, it was performed in one of the cities of the metropolitan region of Joăo Pessoa-PB. The subjects were ten nurses of the Health Family Strategy. The data collection was performed in February 2010 using a semi structured interview script. To examine the empiric material it was used the technique of content analyzes. In the testimonies of the nurses there was predominance of the thematic TB in the hospital space; they approach either the superficiality and the distance of the care to TB related to the relation between the theory and the practice, and the absence of direct care to the patient of TB during training; according to them, the organization of the services points to a mechanicist and task based practice. One concluded that there is necessity of training institutions to come close to the health services, in a dialogic relation, to organize better the learning spaces. PMID:24488455
Barręto, Anne Jaquelyne Roque; Evangelista, Anna Luisa Figueiredo; de Sá, Lenilde Duarte; de Almeida, Sandra Aparecida; de Almeida Nogueira, Jordana; Lopes, Ana Maria Cavalcante
Ethics and Transcultural Nursing Care.
Argues that nursing practice and theory cannot be ethical unless cultural factors are taken into consideration and that ethical/transcultural nursing is central to the philosophy and practice of nursing. (Author)
Eliason, Michele J.
The experience of discrimination by US and Internationally educated nurses in hospital practice in the USA: a qualitative study.
AIM: To document experiences of nurses educated abroad and in the USA in 2 urban hospitals in the southeastern USA. BACKGROUND: Nurses are responsible for providing quality patient care. Discrimination against nurses in the workplace may create hostile environments, potentially affecting patient care and leading to higher nurse attrition rates. Structuration theory posits that agents' interactions create structures. Agents' use of resources and rules shapes interactions, potentially changing the structures. In this study, nurses described interactions with patients and their families and other healthcare personnel, their strategies for managing interactions and rationales behind their selected strategy. DESIGN: This study employed a qualitative, explorative approach using structuration theory. METHODS: In 2011, 42 internationally educated and 40 USA-educated nurses practising in two urban hospitals in the southeastern USA were interviewed about their experiences in the workplace. Forty-one nurses were re-interviewed to explore the issues raised in the preliminary round: 21 internationally educated and 20 USA. Transcripts were analysed using the constant comparative method. FINDINGS: Although internationally educated nurses experienced more explicit discrimination, all nurses experienced discrimination from their patients, their nurse colleagues and/or other hospital personnel. Internationally educated nurses and USA nurses shared similar coping strategies. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of nurses' experiences of discrimination suggests that healthcare institutions need to strengthen policies to effectively address this harmful practice. More research is needed about discrimination against nurses in the workplace because discrimination may have serious psychological effects that impact nurse retention and the quality of patient care. PMID:23782320
Wheeler, Rebecca M; Foster, Jennifer W; Hepburn, Kenneth W
Sustaining a best-care practice in a nursing home.
This study tested whether an action research organizational intervention fostering participatory management practices would sustain a nursing best-care practice protocol in a nursing home. An experimental nursing home (EH) and a control nursing home (CH) with similar characteristics were studied over a 4-year period. A pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design was used. Baseline data were co[lected on residents, families, and the staffs at the EH and the CH. Staff turnover rates, demographics of participant groups, and surveys concerning job stress, nursing care, family involvement, and satisfaction of residents and family members served as proximal outcomes to indicate whether organizational changes had occurred in the EH. Sustaining best practices in a nursing home requires not only significant organizational change but also changes in regulatory support for quality care, sufficient staff resources to implement and monitor the practices, and a change coordinator with sufficient formal or informal influence. PMID:16201486
Beck, Cornelia; Heacock, Patricia; Mercer, Susan O; Doan, Rebecca; O'Sullivan, Patricia S; Stevenson, Jerry G; Schnelle, John F; Hoskins, Jan Gray
National nursing workforce survey of nursing attitudes, knowledge and practice in genomics
Aim Genomics has the potential to improve personalized healthcare. Nurses are vital to the utilization of genomics in practice. This study assessed nursing attitudes, receptivity, confidence, competency, knowledge and practice in genomics to inform education efforts. Materials & methods Cross-sectional study of registered nurses who completed an online Genetic/Genomic Nursing Practice Survey posted on a national nursing organization website. Results A total of 619 registered nurses participated. The largest proportion of education level were nurses with a baccalaureate degree (39%). Most (67.5%) considered genomics very important to nursing practice. However, 57% reported their genomic knowledge base to be poor or fair. The mean total knowledge score correct response rate was 75%. Yet 60% incorrectly answered that diabetes and heart disease are caused by a single gene variant. Most (64%) had never heard of the Essential Nursing Competencies and Curricula Guidelines in Genomics. Higher academic education or post licensure genetic education increased family history collection in practice. Conclusion Most nurses are inadequately prepared to translate genomic information into personalized healthcare. Targeted genomic education is needed to assure optimal workforce preparation for genomics practice integration.
Calzone, Kathleen A; Jenkins, Jean; Culp, Stacey; Bonham, Vence L; Badzek, Laurie
Criteria for evaluating the clinical and practical utility of models used by nurses.
Arguably, nursing, like all health care disciplines, is an applied science. Essentially, this refers to the application of theory in order to understand and respond to the health problems of clients. These theories may be drawn (borrowed) from any applied science, or generated inductively from clinical nursing practice. Alternatively, nurses may attempt to apply deductive theory (global theoretical frameworks) known as nursing models. In this paper, all theoretical approaches, irrespective of origin, are referred to as models used by nurses. Thirteen criteria by which clinicians, and others, can evaluate the clinical and practical utility of models used by nurses which are expressed in the form of questions are identified and discussed. The criteria are an extension, both in detail and in number, of those developed by Reynolds and Cormack and subsequently applied by those writers to the Johnson Behavioural System Model of Nursing. The value, or otherwise, of individual models, or of models in general, will not be discussed in this paper. However, the authors propose that if the evaluation criteria described here are applied to existing models, serious deficits will be identified in relation to their clinical and practical utility. PMID:1474247
Cormack, D F; Reynolds, W
The revised scope of nurse anesthesia practice embodies the broad continuum of nurse anesthesia services.
The AANA determines the scope of nurse anesthesia practice. It is important for all members to understand the scope of practice that governs their work to better practice their profession and mentorship. In January 2013, the AANA Board of Directors charged the Practice Committee to revise the Scope of Nurse Anesthesia Practice. A systematic review of literature, focus groups, and a survey were conducted. Major focus group themes were identified, and survey results were analyzed to identify relationships between variables. The literature search resulted in 8,739 abstracts. Forty-six articles were reviewed. Full scope of advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) practice was a recurrent theme across the literature. Focus group themes include: (1) elements of nurse anesthesia practice; (2) future practice opportunities; (3) interprofessional collaboration; (4) full scope of practice; (5) autonomous practice; and (6) barriers to practice and recommendations. Of the 4,200 CRNA survey respondents, 44.6% are not permitted to practice to their full scope of practice. The revised Scope of Nurse Anesthesia Practice embodies the comprehensive span of nurse anesthesia practice. PMID:24354069
Neft, Michael; Okechukwu, Kymika; Grant, Patricia; Reede, Lynn
Impact of empowerment on professional practice environments and organizational commitment among nurses: a structural equation approach.
A higher turnover rate was identified in Chinese staff nurses and it was highly correlated with lower commitment. Empowering work environments that support professional practice have been positively related to nurse outcomes. This study was to integrate structural empowerment theory with magnet hospital characteristics and provide empirical evidence on the relationships between structural empowerment, professional practice environments and organizational commitment. A cross-sectional design was used to examine the relationships in a sample of 750 full-time nurses employed in five Chinese hospitals in 2011. Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The results support the hypothesized model. Professional practice environments partially mediated the relationship between empowerment and organizational commitment. Our findings suggest that higher empowerment facilitates the professional practice environments and commitment of these nurses. PMID:23425379
Yang, Jinhua; Liu, Yanhui; Huang, Chunping; Zhu, Lefeng
[Patient education, from implicit nursing practice to structured programs].
Therapeutic patient education, which with the "Hospital, patients, health and territories" law became a priority of the healthcare system, notably for chronic diseases, has been rooted in nursing training and practice since the 1960s. Following in the steps of the World Health Organisation and the International Council of Nurses, successive laws relating to the profession have continuously emphasised it. Now that it has an official and general framework in France, it should develop within nursing practice. PMID:22641939
Le Boeuf, Dominique
Practice-based data set for a nursing information system
It has been argued that nursing practice components are not sufficiently clarified to develop specifications for a nursing data set within an NIS. The purpose of this paper was to examine this assumption. Conclusions were drawn that both philosophically and conceptually, the components of practice are clear. In addition, a sufficient taxonomy for the content and structure of a data
Marjory Gordon
A Day in the life of RURAL advanced practice nurses
Advanced practice nurses (APNs) have been a critical component of the rural health care system for many years. This study describes the impact of APNs on primary care in Wyoming, a predominantly rural and frontier state, and illustrates a typical practice day for APNs. Wyoming APNs are experienced nurses, in their late 40s on average, and are quite independent in
Julie Brown; Ann Marie Hart; Mary E. Burman
Primer on the Practice Doctorate for Neonatal Nurse Practitioners
Recent advances in technology, research, and knowledge have amplified the need for longer and more in-depth education for neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs). In this article we will briefly review the history of NNP's role and education, define the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), and propose that the practice doctorate is the primary mechanism to meet that need and thus is
Ethical Issues of Air Force Nurses Practitioners in Clinical Practice.
What are the ethical issues or situations Air Force Nurse Practitioners (AFNPs) experience in clinical practice. Which moral or ethical principles are reflected. Little has been written about the ethical issues faced by AFNPs in clinical practice. The des...
C. L. Gilchrist
Predictors of Practice Patterns for Lymphedema Care Among Oncology Advanced Practice Nurses
Lymphedema, a debilitating and chronic condition, is considered to be one of the most distressing adverse effects of cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to understand the practice patterns in lymphedema care and identify predictors influencing those patterns among oncology nurses, with a focus on advanced practice nurses. Random and purposive sampling was utilized to recruit 238 oncology nurses who completed the Web-based study. Participants included advanced practice nurses (nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists), nurse navigators/case managers, staff nurses, and directors/managers/coordinators. Data focused on perceived knowledge of and perceived competence in risk reduction, treatment, and self-management of lymphedema and practice patterns in lymphedema care. Actual knowledge of lymphedema care was evaluated. Descriptive, comparative, and regression analyses were performed. The study showed that perceived knowledge and perceived competence were highly correlated. Perceived competence was a predictor of practicing lymphedema care. Advanced practice nurses scored in the midrange for perceived knowledge and perceived competence in risk reduction and self-management, but obtained lower scores in perceived knowledge and perceived competence for treatment. The odds of advanced practice nurses delivering lymphedema care were less than those of staff nurses. This study identifies gaps and opportunities for advanced practice nurses to play an important role in providing lymphedema care, an essential aspect of cancer survivorship.
Ryan, Joanne C.; Cleland, Charles M.; Fu, Mei R.
Practicing nurses perspectives of clinical scholarship: a qualitative study
Background There is a scarcity of research published on clinical scholarship. Much of the conceptualisation has been conducted in the academy. Nurse academics espouse that the practice of nursing must be built within a framework of clinical scholarship. A key concept of clinical scholarship emerging from discussions in the literature is that it is an essential component of enabling evidence–based nursing and the development of best practice standards to provide for the needs of patients/clients. However, there is no comprehensive definition of clinical scholarship from the practicing nurses. The aim of this study was to contribute to this definitional discussion on the nature of clinical scholarship in nursing. Methods Naturalistic inquiry informed the method. Using an interpretative approach 18 practicing nurses from Australia, Canada and England were interviewed using a semi-structured format. The audio-taped interviews were transcribed and the text coded for emerging themes. The themes were sorted into categories and the components of clinical scholarship described by the participants compared to the scholarship framework of Boyer [JHEOE 7:5-18, 2010]. Results Clinical scholarship is difficult to conceptualise. Two of the essential elements of clinical scholarship are vision and passion. The other components of clinical scholarship were building and disseminating nursing knowledge, sharing knowledge, linking academic research to practice and doing practice-based research. Conclusion Academic scholarship dominated the discourse in nursing. However, in order for nursing to develop and to impact on health care, clinical scholarship needs to be explored and theorised. Nurse educators, hospital-based researchers and health organisations need to work together with academics to achieve this goal. Frameworks of scholarship conceptualised by nurse academics are reflected in the findings of this study with their emphasis on reading and doing research and translating it into nursing practice. This needs to be done in a nonthreatening environment.
Assuring quality and access in advanced practice nursing: A challenge to nurse educators
In an environment characterized by a projected oversupply of primary care providers and a public seeking higher quality, cost-effective care, advanced practice nurses will be measured not only by their comparative value in delivering conventional primary care, but also by the uniqueness of their contributions to health outcomes. These value-added skills, distinctive to nursing practice at all levels, include health
Mary O. Mundinger; Sarah Sheets Cook; Elizabeth R. Lenz; Karen Piacentini; Carolyn Auerhahn; Jennifer Smith
Ambiguity in knowledge transfer: The role of theory-practice gap
BACKGROUND: In spite of much literature written about the theory-practice gap in the international nursing journals, there is evidence that indicates this subject has not been probed comprehensively since nursing education was transferred to universities in Iran. In the recent years, the public and the government have criticized Iranian nurses because of poor quality of patient care. Although this subject has been lamented by some researchers, there is no comprehensive work on how this gap resulted. In the process of a larger study on "nursing knowledge translation to practice", of one PhD thesis, this process was explored. METHODS: Using grounded theory analysis, indepth interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of 29 nurses, with different levels of experience, from the school of nursing in Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2006 from January to August. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. RESULTS: Three main themes emerging from this study included clinical behavior structure, paradoxical knowledge and practice, and divergent nursing organization. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that nursing education with some praxis and paradoxes in the realm of nursing knowledge and practice, along with divergent organizational structure have decreased nurses' ability in applying their professional knowledge and skills in order to bridge the gap between theory and practice. Moreover, in spite of increased academic input into nursing education, clinical behaviors of both education and practice settings was perceived as "traditional routine-based".
Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Salsali, Mahvash; Safari, Mahmoud
Seminar: Legal Perspectives of Nursing Practice. Nursing 89.
This course outline provides information to be used by students in conjunction with Nursing 89, a seminar on the legal aspects of nursing to be offered starting in Spring 1982 at Diablo University (California). General information is provided first, including a class calendar, a statement defining the purpose of the course, an outline of…
Willis, Odette P.
[The practice nurse in British Family practice. Lessons for Dutch experiments].
In the Netherlands, experiments are taking place in which nurses work in general practice with physicians. In the United Kingdom, so-called practice nurses have been working in general practice since the 1960's. In this article, the experiences in the United Kingdom with the practice nurse are outlined. The focus is on the lessons that can be learned from these experiences. In the United Kingdom, the majority of practice nurses are employed by general practitioners. The most important reason for introducing nurses into the general practice setting was to decrease the physicians' workload. The practice nurse in the United Kingdom has evolved from a 'cheap, task-oriented practice assistant' to a more or less autonomous colleague of the general practitioner. The practice nurses' activities vary greatly. Problems encountered in the United Kingdom primarily concern the lack of training, the absence of a clear definition of the function and responsibilities and the problems associated with working conditions which result from the employment contract with a specific general practitioner. The previously mentioned Dutch experiments show a great deal of variation in terms of the nurses' activities and their position within general practice. Consequently, the development of a clear definition of the function and an adequate training programme are also difficult in the Dutch situation. An additional point of consideration for the Dutch situation is the difference in tasks and responsibilities between the practice nurse and other nurses employed in primary care settings. PMID:9385231
Welling, N; Delnoij, D
Mapping the future of environmental health and nursing: strategies for integrating national competencies into nursing practice.
:Nurses are increasingly the primary contact for clients concerned about health problems related to their environment. In response to the need for nursing expertise in the field of environmental health, the Institute of Medicine (IOM), Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), and National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) have designed core competencies for the nursing profession. The IOM competencies focus on four areas: (1) knowledge and concepts; (2) assessment and referral; advocacy, ethics, and risk communication; and (4) legislation and regulation. The competencies establish a baseline of knowledge and awareness in order for nurses to prevent and minimize health problems associated with exposure to environmental agents. To address the known difficulties of incorporating new priorities into established practice, nurses attending an environmental health short course participated in a nominal group process focusing on the question, "What specific actions can we take to bring environmental health into the mainstream of nursing practice?" This exercise was designed to bring the concepts of the national initiatives (IOM, NINR, ATSDR) to the awareness of individual nurses involved in the direct delivery of care. Results include 38 action items nurses identified as improving awareness and utilization of environmental health principles. The top five ideas were: (1) get environmental health listed as a requirement or competency in undergraduate nursing education; (2) improve working relationships with interdepartmental persons-a team approach; (3) strategically place students in essential organizations such as NIOSH, ATSDR, or CDC; (4) educate nurse educators; and (5) create environmental health awards in nursing. The 38 original ideas were also reorganized into a five-tiered conceptual model. The concepts of this model include: (1) developing partnerships; (2) strengthening publications; (3) enhancing continuing education; (4) updating nursing practice; and (5) strengthening schools of nursing. The model serves as a road map for action in building environmental health capacity within mainstream nursing. PMID:12071904
Larsson, Laura S; Butterfield, Patricia
Faculty practice and roles of staff nurses and clinical faculty in nursing student learning.
The perceptions of staff nurses and clinical nurse faculty on the roles they play in nursing student learning were examined. The study also sought to explore how faculty practice status affected these perceived roles. Nursing schools with generic baccalaureate nursing programs in the middle Atlantic region composed the study population. A convenience sample of two schools that expected their undergraduate clinical faculty to engage in faculty practice and two schools that did not expect faculty practice participated in the study. Clinical faculty members (15) and nursing education administrators (4) from each school participated, as well as staff nurses (22) and nursing service administrators (4) from each school's related hospital. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted. Manifest and latent content analyses were used to examine the issues. Staff nurses who worked with practicing faculty reported fewer instances of role overload, conflict, and ambiguity than when they worked with nonpracticing faculty. Lack of clear communication and delineation of expectations among administrators, staff, faculty, and students were cited as major factors in perceived role problems. Administrators, faculty, and staff nurses viewed high student/faculty ratios as a causative factor in the faculty's inability to meet all teaching objectives with students. PMID:12748932
Langan, Joanne C
Expert Holistic Nurses' Advice to Nursing Students
Purpose: The purposes of this study were to describe the advice that expert holistic nurses gave to nursing students regarding the theory and practice of holistic nursing and to describe nursing students' experience and perceptions of their interaction with the experts. Design: This was a qualitative descriptive study. Methods: Nursing students who attended the 2008 and 2009 conferences of the
Glenda Christiaens; Jo Ann Abegglen; Andrea Gardner
Perceptions of Liberal Education of Two Types of Nursing Graduates: The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice
The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), which defines the expectations of a new baccalaureate-prepared nurse, includes a liberal education as a desired outcome for bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) graduates. A liberal education is thought to provide the professional nurse with the skills needed to practice nursing, including…
DeBrew, Jacqueline Kayler
Nursing faculties' knowledge and attitude on evidence-based practice
Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is one of the main professional competencies for health care professionals and a priority for medicine and nursing curriculum as well. EBP leads to improve effective and efficient care and patient outcomes. Nurse educators have responsibility to teach the future nurses, and an opportunity to promote patient outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe nurse educators' knowledge and attitude on EBP. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in nursing faculties of two major universities of medical sciences affiliated to Ministry of Health and Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Data were gathered using a three-section questionnaire. Content and face validity was further enhanced by submitting it to nursing research and education experts. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 11 software. Results: According the results, nursing faculties' knowledge of EBP was mainly moderate (47.1%). Significant statistical relationship was found between the level of knowledge with education and teaching experience in different nursing programs. Nurses generally held positive attitudes toward EBP (88.6%) and there was no statistical significant relationship with demographic variables. Conclusion: Nursing educators are in a position to influence nursing research in clinical practice in the future. Therefore, it is critical to achieve implementation of EBP and be a change agent for a paradigm shift toward EBP.
Mehrdad, Neda; Joolaee, Soodabeh; Joulaee, Azadeh; Bahrani, Naser
The process of community health nursing clinical clerkship: A grounded theory
Background: The performance of the community health nurse depends on a combination of scientific and practical competencies acquired by educational experiences during the nursing course. Curriculum planners of nursing education need to understand nursing education to train professional and community-oriented nurses. The aim of this article is to explore the experiences of nursing students during their community health nursing clinical clerkship courses. Materials and Methods: A grounded theory approach was used to conduct this study. Twelve nursing students, 13 health-care staff members, and 10 nursing instructors were interviewed individually in 2011-2012. The interviews were tape-recorded and later transcribed verbatim. The transcriptions were analyzed using the method of Strauss and Corbin. Results: Ambivalence of motivation was the main category and included five subcategories: Professional identity, educational atmosphere, educational management, motivation-based approaches, and inadequate productivity. This paper presents the aspects of the community health nursing clerkship course from the viewpoint of students in areas such as the role of the community health nurse, attitude toward the course, medical orientation, prerequisite skills/knowledge, poor administrative planning, rotation of students, insufficient activity for students, passiveness, providing service to clients, responsibility, and inproductivity. These categories could explain the nature of the community health nursing clerkship of the Mashhad Faculty of Nursing and probably others in Iran. Conclusions: The findings revealed inadequate productivity of the community health nursing education; so, it is suggested to define a position for nurses in this setting and remove barriers and provide conditions for them to play more important roles in the promotion of community health.
Ildarabadi, Eshagh; Moonaghi, Hossein Karimi; Heydari, Abbas; Taghipour, Ali
Toward clarification of the doctor of nursing practice degree.
The doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degree has been recommended by the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN) as the terminal degree in nursing practice by 2015 (AACN, 2004). However, confusion regarding this degree still exists. To promote understanding of this degree, the pertinent history of doctoral education in nursing is reviewed. In addition, a clear definition of the degree, including the competencies of the DNP degree, is provided. A comparison of the PhD in nursing and the DNP degree is also reviewed to provide further clarification. DNP graduates may engage in various roles such as leadership, health policy advocate, and scholarship. These roles will be reviewed as well as the relevant issues associated with this degree such as use of the title "Dr.," educating others about the degree, faculty shortages, and program enrollment. Finally, the implications for emergency nursing regarding the DNP degree are discussed. PMID:20118882
Chism, Lisa Astalos
Registered Nurses and Trained Practical Nurses, 1978-1979.
The surveys reported here were conducted as part of the license renewal process which occurs biennially for health occupations licensed in Wisconsin. Response to the surveys was voluntary. Of nurses located in Wisconsin, there were 940 non-respondents amo...
Nursing Students' Empowerment in Distance Education: Testing Kanter's Theory
This qualitative, explanatory study examined Post-RN baccalaureate nursing students' experiences of empowerment with distance education and computer conferencing (CC) for fit with the constructs of Kanter's (1977, 1993) Theory of Structural Power in Organizations. Seven post-RNs from Canadian distance edu- cation nursing programs were interviewed. Interview transcripts were examined using content analysis. Kanter's theory was useful in describing empowerment structures
Elizabeth A. Ledwell; Mary-Anne Andrusyszyn; Carroll L. Iwasiw
Everyday Ethics: Ethical Issues and Stress in Nursing Practice
Aim This paper is a report of a study of the type, frequency, and level of stress of ethical issues encountered by nurses in their everyday practice. Background Everyday ethical issues in nursing practice attract little attention but can create stress for nurses. Nurses often feel uncomfortable in addressing the ethical issues they encounter in patient care. Methods A self-administered survey was sent in 2004 to 1000 nurses in four states in four different census regions of the United States of America. The adjusted response rate was 52%. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations and Pearson correlations. Results A total of 422 questionnaires were used in the analysis. The five most frequently-occurring and most stressful ethical and patient care issues were protecting patients' rights; autonomy and informed consent to treatment; staffing patterns; advanced care planning; and surrogate decision-making. Other common occurrences were unethical practices of healthcare professionals; breaches of patient confidentiality or right to privacy; and end-of-life decision-making. Younger nurses and those with fewer years of experience encountered ethical issues more frequently and reported higher levels of stress. Nurses from different regions also experienced specific types of ethical problems more commonly. Conclusion Nurses face daily ethical challenges in the provision of quality care. To retain nurses, targeted ethics-related interventions that address caring for an increasingly complex patient population are needed.
Ulrich, Connie M.; Taylor, Carol; Soeken, Karen; O'Donnell, Patricia; Farrar, Adrienne; Danis, Marion; Grady, Christine
Crossmapping of Nursing Problem and Action Statements in Telephone Nursing Consultation Documentations with International Classification for Nursing Practice
Objectives This study is to cross-map telephone nursing consultation documentations with International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP; ver. 1.0 concepts). Methods The narrative telephone nursing consultation documentations of 170 ophthalmology nursing unit patients were analyzed. The nursing statements were examined and cross-mapped with the Korean version of the ICNP ver. 1.0. If all the concepts of a statement were mapped to ICNP concepts, it was classified as 'completely mapped'. If any concept of a statement wasnot mapped, it was classified as 'partially mapped'. If none of the concepts were mapped, it was classified as 'not mapped'. Results A total of 738 statements wereused for documenting telephone nursing consultations. These statements were divided into 3 groups according to their content: 1) 294 nursing phenomena-related statements (72 unique statements), 2) 440 nursing actions-related statements (76 unique statements), and 3) 4 other statements (2 unique statements). In total, 189 unique nursing concepts extracted from 150 unique statements and 108 concepts (62.44%) were mapped onto ICNP concepts. Conclusions This study demonstrated the feasibility of computerizing narrative nursing documentations for electronic telephone triagein the ophthalmology nursing unit.
Lee, Hyun Jung
Physicians' Capability in Home Health Practice: Home Health Nurses' Perceptions
Objectives: To examine home health nurses' attitudes towards physician capabilities in home health care, and whether nurses' attitudes are associated with their experience, practice setting, degree of physician interaction, or use of home health guidelines.Design: A multiple regression analysis of a 90 item survey on agency characteristics, degree of interaction with physicians, and ratings of physicians' capabilities across multiple dimensions
Cheryl E. Woodson; Joe Feinglass; Rael Slavensky
Australian Nurse Educators Identify Gaps in Expert Practice.
A Delphi panel of 28 Australian nurse educators and 42 clinicians identified 58 practice items in which reality was far from ideal. In particular, for 16 items related to patient empowerment, nursing research, and technology policy, clinical behavior was rated below the median. (SK)
Pelletier, Dianne; Duffield, Christine; Adams, Anne; Nagy, Sue; Crisp, Jackie; Mitten-Lewis, Suzanne
Models of clinical expertise in American nursing practice
This paper analyzes nursing job descriptions that compose a career ladder. These job descriptions, an ethnomodel of expertise, are compared to the Dreyfus model that describes five stages of skill acquisition. While the Dreyfus model posits the replacement of analytic reasoning with intuitive response as the characteristic of expert practice, the ideal posited in the nursing model places theoretical knowledge
Deborah R. Gordon
Evidence based practice: are critical care nurses ready for it?
In the emergence of the evidence based practice movement, critical care nurses have struggled to identify scientific evidence on which to base their clinical practice. While the lack of critical care nursing research is a major concern, other important issues have significantly stalled the implementation of evidence even when it is available. A descriptive study of 274 critical care nurses was undertaken to examine nursing research activity in Victorian critical care units. The study aimed to identify critical care nurses' research skills, the barriers encountered in participation and implementation and the current availability of resources. Results revealed that 42 per cent of the nurses who participated in the study believed that they were not prepared adequately to evaluate research, and less than a third believed they were sufficiently skilled to conduct valid scientific studies. An association was found between nurses' ability to confidently perform research activities and higher academic qualifications. The study found that there is a lack of organisational support and management commitment for the development of evidence based nursing. In order to facilitate the implementation of evidence based practice, clinicians must be made aware of the available resources, be educated and mentored when carrying out and using clinical research, and be supported in professional initiatives that promote evidence based practice. It is argued that this will have positive implications for patient outcomes in the critical care environment. PMID:11899640
Bucknall, T; Copnell, B; Shannon, K; McKinley, D
In search of applications of nursing theories: the Nursing Citation Index.
Cited author searches were conducted in Nursing Citation Index to determine its utility in locating clinical studies that apply the conceptual frameworks of Dorothea Orem, Callista Roy, Martha Rogers, Betty Neuman, and Dorothy Johnson. Fully 75 percent of the relevant papers would have been missed by a conventional subject/textword search in the MEDLINE or CINAHL databases. Had Nursing Citation Index not been available, only 22 percent of relevant papers could have been retrieved by cited author searches of Social Science Citation Index. In summary, Nursing Citation Index provides an important indexing link between nursing theory and nursing research.
Johnson, E D
State boards of nursing and scope of practice of registered nurses performing complementary therapies.
This article provides a report of State Boards of Nursing (BONs) policies on the use of complementary therapies by registered nurses. This investigation was conducted for the White House Commission on Complementary Alternative Medicine Policy. The target sample for this report was fifty-three BONs in the United States. Forty-seven percent of the BONs had taken positions that permitted nurses to practice a range of complementary therapies; thirteen percent were in the process of discussing this matter; and forty percent, although they had not formally addressed the topic, did not necessarily discourage these practices. The results of this study can be used to encourage more discussion among the BONs and within states about nurses practice of complementary therapies. Nurses are encouraged to become aware of their state s position regarding complementary therapy and to facilitate the integration of complementary therapies into their work environment. PMID:11936949
Sparber, A
The Mental Capacity Act 2005: considerations for nursing practice.
This article explores the main elements of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the implications for nurses. Many vulnerable adults have impaired capacity, and it is vital that nurses are confident in understanding when and how to assess an individual's capacity. Nurses should be supported and given training to ensure they can apply the principles of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 to practice. It is also important that nurses have a good understanding of the deprivation of liberty safeguards and can identify when their interventions may deprive patients of their liberty, ensuring that these are only undertaken legally. PMID:24020575
Stevens, Emma
Advanced practice models: a comparison of clinical nurse specialist and nurse practitioner activities.
The purposes of this article are to present advanced practice nursing models, explore similarities and differences in roles of clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) in South Carolina, and relate findings to the advanced practice nursing models. A questionnaire was mailed to advanced practice nurses (APNs) listed with the board of nursing, which yielded a convenience sample of 228 nurses; sixty-two percent were classified as CNSs and 30% as NPs. CNSs spent significantly less time in direct practice and more time in education, consultation, research, and administration than did NPs. Satisfaction was high for both CNSs and NPs and was related to the quality of perceived support for the role and to relationships with key staff. Respondents were engaged in a variety of revenue-generating activities and provided additional suggestions for ways in which APNs could generate additional revenue. Results support previous literature suggesting greater ambiguity in the CNS role as compared with the NP, but also suggest that differences in role are primarily related to relative emphasis on direct practice. Findings tend to support viewing CNS and NP roles as dual pathways to advanced practice or as overlapping roles, with areas of shared and unique activity. PMID:7704870
Williams, C A; Valdivieso, G C
Excellence in School Nursing Practice: Developing a National Perspective on School Nurse Competencies.
Developing national standards for school nurse competencies can influence professional practice, student wellbeing, and achievement. Collaboration between national experts is key. Closely aligning work of the Southern Regional Education Board Council on Collegiate Education for Nursing on entry-level competencies with the "Standards of…
Bobo, Nichole; Adams, Virginia W.; Cooper, Leslie
e-Learning competency for practice nurses: an evaluation report.
Practice nurses in Australia are now funded to facilitate chronic condition management, including self-management support. Chronic disease management requires an established rapport, support and proactivity between general practitioners, patients and the practice nurses. To achieve this, training in shared decision making is needed. e-Learning supports delivery and achievement of such policy outcomes, service improvements and skill development. However, e-learning effectiveness for health care professionals' is determined by several organisational, economic, pedagogical and individual factors, with positive e-learning experience linked closely to various supports. This paper reinforces previous studies showing nurses' expanding role across general practice teams and reports on some of the challenges of e-learning. Merely providing practice nurses with necessary information via web-based learning systems does not ensure successful learning or progress toward improving health outcomes for patients. PMID:24134876
Heartfield, Marie; Morello, Andrea; Harris, Melanie; Lawn, Sharon; Pols, Vincenza; Stapleton, Carolyn; Battersby, Malcolm
Study of the Scope of Practice of Military Nurse Anesthetists.
Anecdotal statements by military nurse anesthetists have claimed a greater scope of practice than their civilian counterparts. There is no systematically obtained data in the literature to refute or support this claim. This study sought through a descript...
S. P. Eby
A century of practice. Occupational health nursing. 1988.
Occupational health nursing has grown and developed throughout the last century, from the influence of a few nurses in the late 19th century to 1988. Today's occupational health nurses have a significant impact on millions of workers across the United States and worldwide in multinational corporations. Nurses currently enjoy expanded roles, including involvement in the political arena and policy-making decisions, development of health promotion programs, research, and education, as well as providing more traditional but equally important employee health services, counseling, and teaching. The American workforce, as well as management teams, have seen the outcomes of quality occupational health nursing care and contributions throughout the years. The practice of American occupational health nursing which began in very humble surroundings and conditions in the 19th century continues to thrive in the space age of the 1980s and 1990s and to plan for the challenges of the 21st century. PMID:12526625
Parker-Conrad, Jane E
The nursing practice environment, staff retention, and quality of care.
The effects of key factors in the nursing practice environment--management style, group cohesion, job stress, organizational job satisfaction, and professional job satisfaction--on staff nurse retention and process aspects of quality of care were examined. Hinshaw and Atwood's (1985) anticipated turnover model was modified and expanded to include relevant antecedent and outcome variables. The four-stage theoretical model was tested using data from 50 nursing units at four acute care hospitals in the southeast. The model explained 49% of the variance in staff nurse retention and 39% of the variance in process aspects of quality of nursing care. Study findings warrant careful consideration in light of recent practice environment changes: experience on the unit and professional job satisfaction were predictors of staff nurse retention; job stress and clinical service were predictors of quality of care. The variable contributing the most to indirect, and in turn, total model effects, was that of management style. These results substantiate the belief that aspects of the practice environment affect staff nurse retention, and most importantly, the quality of care delivered on hospital nursing units. PMID:8773556
Leveck, M L; Jones, C B
Nursing the patient, the room and the doctor: Assessing New Zealand nurses' practical capability, 1900-1945.
Assessing nurses' practical capability was a challenge in the past as it is today. In 1901 New Zealand established state registration of nurses, with a standardised three-year hospital-based training system and state final examinations. Nurses' practical capability was assessed in an oral and practical examination and in general nursing questions in written medical and surgical nursing papers. This historical research identifies the practical component of nursing assessed in these examinations, categorising it as nursing the patient, the room and the doctor. It considers changes in the nursing profession's view, 1900-1945, of the best way to assess nurses' practical capability. This shifted from the artificial setting of the oral and practical examination held by doctors and matrons, to a process of senior nurses assessing candidates in the more realistic setting of a ward. The research also considers whether the nursing or medical profession defined nursing practice. By the end of the time period, the nursing profession was claiming for itself the right to both determine and assess the practical component of nursing. PMID:20965103
Wood, Pamela J
The Effect of State Laws on the Supply of Advanced Practice Nurses
This paper considers how the decision to enter advanced practice nursing (e.g., the occupations of nurse practitioner, certified nurse-midwife, nurse anesthetist, and clinical nurse specialist) is affected by State laws on the scope of practice of APNs. We find that enrollments in APN programs are 30 percent higher in States where APNs have a high level of professional independence. Our
David E. Kalist; Stephen J. Spurr
Accelerated second degree advanced practice nurses: How do they fare in the job market?
Accelerated, nontraditional, advanced practice nursing programs are an alternative way to increase the supply of nurse practitioners. This study profiles demographic and job characteristics of second degree, non-nurse college graduates who pursued graduate degrees in nursing. Graduates' sex, age, income, previous education, nursing experience, factors describing the scope of the advanced practice role, and quality of the educational experience were
Kenneth R White; William A Wax; Allison L Berrey
Nursing Challenges in Motivating Nursing Students through Clinical Education: A Grounded Theory Study
Nurses are the first role models for students in clinical settings. They can have a significant role on students' motivation. The purpose of this study was to explore the understanding of nursing students and instructors concerning the role of nurses in motivating nursing students through clinical education. The sampling was first started purposefully and continued with theoretical sampling. The study collected qualitative data through semistructured and interactive interviews with 16 nursing students and 4 nursing instructors. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using grounded theory approach. One important pattern emerged in this study was the "concerns of becoming a nurse," which itself consisted of three categories: "nurses clinical competency," "nurses as full-scale mirror of the future," and "Monitoring and modeling through clinical education" (as the core variable). The findings showed that the nurses' manners of performance as well as the profession's prospect have a fundamental role in the process of formation of motivation through clinical education. Students find an insight into the nursing profession by substituting themselves in the place of a nurse, and as result, are or are not motivated towards the clinical education.
Nasrin, Hanifi; Soroor, Parvizy; Soodabeh, Joolaee
Implications for Advanced Nursing Practice in the Use of Therapeutic Touch.
Therapeutic Touch is derived from the ancient practice of laying-on of hands. The theory behind Therapeutic Touch is based on the fundamental assumption that there is a universal life energy common to all living things. The art of nursing includes both ph...
L. K. Hogan
Ethics in Nursing Practice and Education.
The fact that ethics has become important to nurses is a reflection of two types of developments: (1) rapid expansion and application of biomedical technology, and (2) the human rights movement. Therefore, nursing involves an increasing number of activities with both moral and technical implications. (SSH)
Benoliel, Jeanne Quint
Return-to-practice initiatives in nursing retention.
Return-to-practice is an important issue for NHS employers and employees. However, little has been written on this area. This article reviews current literature from the perspective of nurses, employers and managers, and critiques a number of empirical studies. Findings from a recent telephone interview survey on the recruitment and retention of nurses in acute NHS trusts in England which was conducted as part of a larger study--the Nurses' Early Leaving Study (NEXT) commissioned by the European Union--are reported. This study may help to explain why return-to-practice programmes are not having the impact the government intended. PMID:16097197
Gould, Dinah
Caring as emancipatory nursing praxis: the theory of relational caring complexity.
In the culture of health care, nurses are challenged to understand their values and beliefs as humanistic within complex technical and economically driven bureaucratic systems. This article outlines the language of social justice and human rights and the advance of a Theory of Relational Caring Complexity, which offers insights into caring as emancipatory nursing praxis. Recommendations provide knowledge of the struggle to balance economics, technology, and caring. As nurses practice from a value-driven, philosophical, and ethical social justice framework, they will find "their voice" and realize the full potential that the power of caring has on patient and organizational outcomes. PMID:24786202
Ray, Marilyn A; Turkel, Marian C
Friends of nursing: a community of caring to promote excellence in nursing practice, education, and research.
More than 25 years ago, the name "Friends of Nursing" was adopted by an academic, community Magnet(®) hospital to signify a model for community support of nursing. From inception, the intent was to recruit philanthropic dollars to promote recognition of and excellence in nursing practice, education, and research. Although philanthropy in health care settings is common, what is unique about this program is the long-standing, dedicated conceptual framework for nursing philanthropy and the very significant number of philanthropic dollars from literally thousands of donors to support a diverse range of activities to affect and advance the professional excellence of nurses and the quality of patient care. This model has been successfully replicated within a wide variety of other health care organizations and nursing services throughout the United States and abroad. PMID:22320159
Hitchings, Kim S; Capuano, Terry Ann; Herzog, Mary Ellen
Factors enabling advanced practice nursing role integration in Canada.
Although advanced practice nurses (APNs) have existed in Canada for over 40 years and there is abundant evidence of their safety and effectiveness, their full integration into our healthcare system has not been fully realized. For this paper, we drew on pertinent sections of a scoping review of the Canadian literature from 1990 onward and interviews or focus groups with 81 key informants conducted for a decision support synthesis on advanced practice nursing to identify the factors that enable role development and implementation across the three types of APNs: clinical nurse specialists, primary healthcare nurse practitioners and acute care nurse practitioners. For development of advanced practice nursing roles, many of the enabling factors occur at the federal/provincial/territorial (F/P/T) level. They include utilization of a pan-Canadian approach, provision of high-quality education, and development of appropriate legislative and regulatory mechanisms. Systematic planning to guide role development is needed at both the F/P/T and organizational levels. For implementation of advanced practice nursing roles, some of the enabling factors require action at the F/P/T level. They include recruitment and retention, role funding, intra-professional relations between clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, public awareness, national leadership support and role evaluation. Factors requiring action at the level of the organization include role clarity, healthcare setting support, implementation of all role components and continuing education. Finally, inter-professional relations require action at both the F/P/T and organizational levels. A multidisciplinary roundtable formulated policy and practice recommendations based on the synthesis findings, and these are summarized in this paper. PMID:21478695
DiCenso, Alba; Bryant-Lukosius, Denise; Martin-Misener, Ruth; Donald, Faith; Abelson, Julia; Bourgeault, Ivy; Kilpatrick, Kelley; Carter, Nancy; Kaasalainen, Sharon; Harbman, Patricia
Constructing nurses' professional identity through social identity theory.
The profession of nursing continues to struggle with defining and clarifying its professional identity. The definitive recognition of nursing as a profession was the moving of training from the hospital apprentice model to the tertiary sector. However, this is only part of the story of professional identity in nursing. Once training finishes and enculturation into the workplace commences, professional identity becomes a complicated social activity. This paper proposes social identity theory as a valuable research framework to assist with clarifying and describing the professional identity of nurses. The paper outlines the key elements of a profession and then goes on to describe the main concepts of social identity theory. Lastly, a connection is made between the usefulness of using social identity theory in researching professional identity in nursing, recognizing the contextual nature of the social activity of the profession within its workplace environment. PMID:24713013
Willetts, Georgina; Clarke, David
Specialist practice and the professional project for nursing.
This article examines the implications of the UKCC's (1994) decision to determine a sphere of practice for specialist practitioners. It coincides with the move towards professional status within nursing. It is argued that a specialization strategy for nursing has obvious advantages for those who wish nursing to be successful in its professionalization. However, unless managers use long-term planning the potential of specialist nursing practice may not be realized. It is suggested that the professionalization of nursing (professional project) is strongly linked to the fact that nursing remains a predominately female occupation (Witz, 1992), and initiatives, such as specialization, should be viewed from this standpoint. Clinical leadership is crucial to the success of specialism within nursing over the next few years. Opportunities need to be taken to reappraise specialist practitioner roles, and allow innovation to occur. Financial and educational support needs to be available and responsive; the clearer the message is regarding a clinical career structure for nursing, the more likely the 'professional project' is to succeed. PMID:9616547
Wigens, L
This qualitative, explanatory study examined Post-RN baccalaureate nursing students' experiences of empowerment with distance education and computer conferencing (CC) for fit with the constructs of Kanter's (1977, 1993) Theory of Structural Power in Organizations. Seven post-RNs from Canadian distance education nursing programs were interviewed.…
Ledwell, Elizabeth; Andrusyszyn, Mary-Anne; Iwasiw, Carroll
Transformation of admission interview to documentation for nursing practice.
The admission interview is usually the first structured meeting between patient and nurse. The interview serves as the basis for personalised nursing and care planning and is the starting point for the clinic's documentation of the patient and his course of treatment. In this way, admission interviews constitute a basis for reporting by each nurse on the patient to nursing colleagues. This study examined how, by means of the admission interview, nurses constructed written documentation of the patient and his course of treatment for use by fellow nurses. A qualitative case study inspired by Ricoeur was conducted and consisted of five taped admission interviews, along with the written patient documentation subsequently worked out by the nurse. The findings were presented in four constructed themes: Admission interviews are the nurse's room rather than the patient's; Information on a surgical object; The insignificant but necessary contact; and Abnormalities must be medicated. It is shown how the nurse's documentation was based on the admission interview, the medical record details on the patient (facts that are essential to know in relation to disease and treatment), as well as the nurse's preconception of how to live a good life, with or without disease. Often, the patient tended to become an object in the nurse's report. It is concluded that in practice, the applied documentation system, VIPS, comes to act as the framework for what is important to the nurse to document rather than a tool that enables her to document what is important to the individual patient and his special circumstances and encounter with the health system. PMID:24033872
Hřjskov, Ida E; Glasdam, Stinne
Humanist ideologyand nurse education. 2. Limitations of humanist educational theory in nurse education
This article questions the viability of humanist educational theory in nurse education and raises the issue of which interests are served by humanist ideology. The limitations of the humanist approach are traced. Self-directed learning is shown to be problematic in nurse education, leading to tensions between independent learning and required course content, and the appropriateness of student-centred learning to the
Michael Purdy
Practical Nursing for High Schools. Curriculum Bulletin 1973-74 Series No. 5.
The bulletin, a revision of Practical Nursing for High Schools published in 1963, is a guide for the licensed teacher of nursing in educating the practical nurse student. The publication can be used as a resource for developing the program in individual schools of practical nursing or to develop the behavioral objectives for each procedure. Part…
New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Bureau of Curriculum Development.
Scope of practice for Australian enrolled nurses: evolution and practice issues.
Significant changes to the scope of practice for enrolled nurses have occurred in Australia over the past decade. These changes, which are largely a consequence of staff shortages and economic pressure, have resulted in increased role confusion and overlap between enrolled and registered nurses in Australia. This paper presents a brief history of the enrolled nurse in Australia followed by an overview of the current situation and emerging trends in the education and employment of these nurses. Definitions and approaches to scope of practice are described and emerging issues within Australia raised and discussed. A review of the literature found the number of enrolled nurses and the roles they perform have changed significantly in Australia following the introduction of the enhanced scope of practice. Further research is required to better define and delineate between the different nursing roles and to explore broader frameworks to analyze, describe and define these roles. PMID:24299243
Jacob, Elisabeth Ruth; Barnett, Anthony; Sellick, Kenneth; McKenna, Lisa
Primer on the practice doctorate for neonatal nurse practitioners.
Recent advances in technology, research, and knowledge have amplified the need for longer and more in-depth education for neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs). In this article we will briefly review the history of NNP's role and education, define the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), and propose that the practice doctorate is the primary mechanism to meet that need and thus is the future of our profession. Doctor of Nursing Practice programs are designed to prepare the practitioner as an expert clinical NNP. Graduates obtain the highest level of practice expertise integrated with the ability to translate scientific knowledge into complex clinical interventions tailored to meet individual, family, and community health and illness needs. Doctor of Nursing Practice education also expands the scientific basis for practice and clinical practice education, and provides organization and system management and leadership, quality improvement, analytic methods to evaluate practice and apply evidence to practice, enhanced skills in information technology, health policy development, and interdisciplinary collaboration for enhanced patient outcomes. PMID:17208163
Bellflower, Bobby; Carter, Michael A
Israeli nurse practice environment characteristics, retention, and job satisfaction
Background There is an international nursing shortage. Improving the practice environment has been shown to be a successful strategy against this phenomenon, as the practice environment is associated with retention and job satisfaction. The Israeli nurse practice environment has not been measured. The purpose of this study was to measure practice environment characteristics, retention and job satisfaction and to evaluate the association between these variables. Methods A demographic questionnaire, the Practice Environment Scale, and a Job Satisfaction Questionnaire were administered to Israeli acute and intensive care nurses working in 7 hospitals across the country. Retention was measured by intent to leave the organization and work experience. A convenience sample of registered nurses was obtained using a bi-phasic, stratified, cluster design. Data were collected based on the preferences of each unit, either distribution during various shifts or at staff meetings; or via staff mailboxes. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample and results of the questionnaires. Pearson Product Moment Correlations were used to determine significant associations among the variables. A multiple regression model was designed where the criterion variable was the practice environment. Analyses of variance determined differences between groups on nurse practice environment characteristics. Results 610 nurses reported moderate levels of practice environment characteristics, where the lowest scoring characteristic was 'appropriate staffing and resources'. Approximately 9% of the sample reported their intention to leave and the level of job satisfaction was high. A statistically significant, negative, weak correlation was found between intention to leave and practice environment characteristics, with a moderate correlation between job satisfaction and practice environment characteristics. 'Appropriate staffing and resources' was the only characteristic found to be statistically different based on hospital size and geographic region. Conclusions This study supports the international nature of the vicious cycle that includes a poor quality practice environment, decreased job satisfaction and low nurse retention. Despite the extreme nursing shortage in Israel, perceptions of the practice environment were similar to other countries. Policy makers and hospital managers should address the practice environment, in order to improve job satisfaction and increase retention.
Understanding and integrating mindfulness into psychiatric mental health nursing practice.
The practice of mindfulness is increasingly being integrated into Western clinical practice within the context of psychotherapy and stress management. Although it is based in ancient Buddhist philosophy, there remains confusion about the definition, antecedents, processes, and outcomes of mindfulness practice. This article reviews the literature on mindfulness, with a focus upon a clearer definition and understanding of the processes and integration into psychiatric mental health nursing practice. PMID:19766927
Tusaie, Kathleen; Edds, Kelly
Authentic leadership: a new theory for nursing or back to basics?
Purpose – Authentic leadership is an emerging theoretical model purported to focus on the root component of effective leadership. The purpose of this paper is to describe the relevance of authentic leadership to the advancement of nursing leadership practice and research and address the question of whether this is a new theory for leadership or an old one in new
Carol Wong; Greta Cummings
Helen Hudson Lecture. Positive practice change using appreciative inquiry in oncology primary care nursing.
Ambulatory oncology nurses struggle to meet the increasing demands placed on them. Increased volume of patients, more complex treatments and symptom management, an older population with multiple co-morbidities combined with fiscal and human resource restraints has created job dissatisfaction and the feeling of powerlessness in the current environment. The Appreciative Inquiry process enables nurses to become engaged in planning and creating positive change based on their knowledge, experiences and clinical expertise, as oncology professionals. Through surveys and group work, nurses in this project were able to turn theory into positive practice change, inspiring a new paradigm of primary oncology nursing. Through the promotion of innovation, we have inspired hope while advocating for our profession. PMID:23847842
Campbell, Colleen P
The Development of a Regional Nursing History Collection: Its Relevance to Practice, Education, and Research.
The Nursing History Collection at the University of Missouri-Kansas City preserves artifacts and memorabilia of regional nursing history. Such collections are essential to practice, education, and research in nursing. (SK)
Hezel, Linda F.; Linebach, Laura M.
Preparing emotionally intelligent doctor of nursing practice leaders.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) identified the need for interdisciplinary teams that collaborate, communicate, and integrate care across settings to improve health care delivery. Focusing on innovative strategies that address leadership skills in graduate nursing education could have an effect on interdisciplinary partnerships, transformation of patient care, and new styles of leadership to change current practice models. In response to the IOM guidelines, we incorporated emotional intelligence as a component in our Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) leadership curriculum. This article describes a new action-oriented leadership model that prepares the DNP graduate for leadership roles to serve the public and the nursing discipline during a time of radical changes in health care. Behavioral profile, nontraditional readings, and online discussions form the basis of the model. The principles and strategies in this article can be applied to nursing education in multiple arenas, at both the undergraduate and graduate settings. PMID:22624564
Renaud, Michelle T; Rutledge, Carolyn; Shepherd, Laurel
Simulation Methodology in Nursing Education and Adult Learning Theory
Simulation is often used in nursing education as a teaching methodology. Simulation is rooted in adult learning theory. Three learning theories, cognitive, social, and constructivist, explain how learners gain knowledge with simulation experiences. This article takes an in-depth look at each of these three theories as each relates to simulation.…
Rutherford-Hemming, Tonya
Current Continuing Professional Education Practice among Malaysian Nurses.
Nurses need to participate in CPE to update their knowledge and increase their competencies. This research was carried out to explore their current practice and the future general needs for CPE. This cross-sectional descriptive study involved registered nurses from government hospitals and health clinics from Peninsular Malaysia. Multistage cluster sampling was used to recruit 1000 nurses from four states of Malaysia. Self-explanatory questionnaires were used to collect the data, which were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Seven hundred and ninety-two nurses participated in this survey. Only 80% (562) of the nurses had engaged in CPE activities during the past 12 months. All attendance for the various activities was below 50%. Workshops were the most popular CPE activity (345, 43.6%) and tertiary education was the most unpopular activity (10, 1.3%). The respondents did perceive the importance of future CPE activities for career development. Mandatory continuing professional education (MCPE) is a key measure to ensure that nurses upgrade their knowledge and skills; however, it is recommended that policy makers and nurse leaders in the continuing professional development unit of health service facilities plan CPE activities to meet registered nurses' (RNs) needs and not simply organizational requirements. PMID:24523961
Chong, Mei Chan; Francis, Karen; Cooper, Simon; Abdullah, Khatijah Lim
Doctor of Nursing Practice programs: opportunities for faculty development.
This article examines development opportunities for faculty teaching in Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) programs. Although faculty development for DNP programs is similar to that of other academic programs, faculty may need different strategies for teaching, scholarship, and service because DNP programs focus on translation of science into practice, systems-level changes, clinical scholarship, and the highest levels of advanced nursing practice. Faculty and student collaboration across DNP and PhD programs provide new approaches for translating research into practice and generating practice questions in need of further scientific development. Specific faculty development strategies for facilitating this collaboration are essential. Capstone projects pose special opportunities for faculty development due to the integration of these projects within diverse practice environments, with differing expectations, regulations, and pacing compared with research. Linking new care delivery models with health informatics is expected to facilitate rapid translation of research and development of improvements in practice. PMID:23909564
Sebastian, Juliann G; White Delaney, Connie
The doctor of nursing practice graduate as faculty member.
This article focuses on the emerging role of the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) graduate as faculty member. Discussion includes historical composition of faculties. Re-evaluation of Boyer's model of scholarship in relation to faculty roles is examined. Discussion includes barriers facing current DNP faculty as well as the potential advantages that DNP graduates may make toward school of nursing faculties. Discussion concludes with considerations for the future of the discipline as demographics and traditional values shift over time. PMID:23137605
Bellini, Sandra; McCauley, Paula; Cusson, Regina M
Teaching Rhetorica: Theory, Pedagogy, Practice
In their breakthrough anthology of women's rhetoric, "Available Means," Kate Ronald and Joy Ritchie presented the first comprehensive collection of women's rhetorical theory and practice from the third century B.C. to 2001. With that expansive gathering of women's rhetoric, they raised questions about gender, difference, and the rhetorical canon,…
Ronald, Kate, Ed.; Ritchie, Joy, Ed.
Apportionment in Theory and Practice
Apportionment in Theory and Practice Mark Beumer Abstract: Apportionment is the problem of translating an election outcome to a number of seats in fixed-size political house. Mathematically, the problem consists of translating a sequence of reals to a sequence of integers, while ensuring that the sum of the sequence sums to a pre-determined number. The problem arises because seats are
Mark Beumer
Educational Management: Theory and Practice.
This book provides the reader with principal theories and practices of management in educational organizations. It attempts to widen both the breadth and depth of the body of knowledge in this area of specialization. The work provides useful reference material for students and scholars at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels in universities…
Okumbe, J. A.
Practice Theory in Language Learning
Ortega (2011) has argued that second language acquisition is stronger and better after the social turn. Of the post-cognitive approaches she reviews, several focus on the social context of language learning rather than on language as the central phenomenon. In this article, we present Practice Theory not as yet another approach to language…
Young, Richard F.; Astarita, Alice C.
Narrative Inquiry: Theory and Practice
This article offers an overview of the method of narrative inquiry and explores competing trends in the use of the approach. It not only examines the theories relating to the method but also offers practical guidance on using narrative inquiry, including an exploration of what might count as a narrative and ways of analysing narrative data. The…
Savin-Baden, Maggi; Van Niekerk, Lana
Psychomotor Education - Theory and Practice.
This presentation introduced the theory and practice of psychomotor education as developed by de Ajuriaguerra and Naville at the University of Geneva. Some overlap of their concepts and principles with perceptual motor training methods occurred in the United States, according to the authors. The focus of the theoretical discussion integrated…
Naville, Suzanne; Blom, Gaston E.
Everyday Excellence: A Framework for Professional Nursing Practice in Long-Term Care
Registered nurses make measurable contributions to the health and wellness of persons living in nursing homes. However, most nursing homes do not employ adequate numbers of professional nurses with specialized training in the nursing care of older adults to positively impact resident outcomes. As a result, many people never receive excellent geriatric nursing while living in a long-term care facility. Nurses have introduced various professional practice models into health care institutions as tools for leading nursing practice, improving client outcomes, and achieving organizational goals. Problematically, few professional practice models have been implemented in nursing homes. This article introduces an evidence-based framework for professional nursing practice in long-term care. The Everyday Excellence framework is based upon eight guiding principles: Valuing, Envisioning, Peopling, Securing, Learning, Empowering, Leading, and Advancing Excellence. Future research will evaluate the usefulness of this framework for professional nursing practice.
Lyons, Stacie Salsbury; Specht, Janet Pringle; Karlman, Susan E.
Humility and its practice in nursing.
Following a personal experience of transformation as a result of washing the feet of a terminally ill patient, an exploratory study was undertaken to investigate nurses' experience of washing patients' feet. Seven postregistration student nurses participated in the study by washing the feet of as many patients as they could over a defined period of time. They were then interviewed about the experience. The transcribed interviews were analysed using the heuristic enquiry approach. Symbolically, washing feet is an act of humility. In washing feet in the manner required for this study I suggest that the nurses were practising beyond role definition of duty of care. As a result of this they experienced interconnectedness and changes in their relationship with the patients whose feet they had washed that could be interpreted as a response to humility. PMID:15597938
de Vries, Kay
Compass and Prerequisite Course Scores as Predictors of Success in Practical Nursing School
The nursing shortage is compounded by nursing student attrition. Schools of nursing have limited enrollment, making the admission process an important factor in resolving the ongoing nursing shortage. The purpose of this study was to identify preadmission criteria that accurately identify applicants to practical/vocational nursing (P/VN) schools…
Pritchard, Toni L. Early
Reflection: from staff nurse to nurse consultant. Part 5: Reflective practice.
Reflective practice is probably one of the most talked about but least practised aspects of nursing. As a profession and as individual practitioners, we like to feel we practise in a reflective way but, in all honesty, can you really say that your clinical practice is built upon a logical and disciplined reflective approach? PMID:24732996
Fowler, John
Chaos theory suggests a new paradigm for nursing science.
The traditional approach to science is an empirical or cause-and-effect one, where answers to research questions come about deductively. Nursing has followed this path in its attempt to establish a knowledge base. Difficulty occurs when nurses attempt to develop strategies to solve nursing problems involving human systems using this reductionistic approach. Human systems are complex, dynamic and individual. Traditional scientific models often fall short of providing adequate frameworks for describing, explaining and predicting the behaviour of these complex systems. Many scientific communities have been searching for a flexible more three-dimensional model to describe non-traditional system behaviours. Chaos theory may provide science with the new paradigm for the study of these complex systems. This paper suggests Thomas Kuhn's philosophy of science to use as a foundation for the application of chaos theory or the theory of non-linear dynamics to the science of nursing. PMID:8320396
Coppa, D F
Nurses' perceptions of the impact of a renal nursing professional practice model on nursing outcomes, characteristics of practice environments and empowerment--Part II.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a renal nursing professional practice model (PPM) on nurses'perceptions of empowerment, characteristics of practice environments and the impact on nursing care outcomes in a university-based teaching hospital in Canada. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used. This paper will focus on the qualitative results. Content analysis was the data analysis method used. The following themes emerged: 1) Attunement, familiarity/knowing the patient, going the distance, 2) Patient outcomes, consistency and continuity of care, autonomy/taking the initiative, 3) Nurse rewards: satisfaction and accountability, empowerment/input, and 4) Facilitating systems: communication, support and assignment. The quantitative results had a significant (p = .005) improvement post-PPM implementation in the nursing foundations for quality of care subscale of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (NWI-PES) and organizational relationships (p =.016) measured by the Conditions of Work Effectiveness II (CWEQ-II) questionnaires. This study provides evidence for PPMs and primary nursing as effective frameworks to positively impact nursing and patient outcomes in a hemodialysis unit. PMID:17691709
Harwood, Lori; Ridley, Jane; Lawrence-Murphy, Julie Ann; White, Sharon; Spence-Laschinger, Heather K; Bevan, Joy; O'Brien, Karen
[School nurses: representations and practices in health education].
A survey of nurses (n = 188) from the National Education for the Academies of Lyon and Clermont-Ferrand highlights the heterogeneity of their representations and professional practices. These results underline the link between individual conceptions and the nature of the practices being used, and they show the impact of training and experience acquired in the school setting with respect to various practices and the difficulties they encounter in the fulfillment of their objectives as school nurses. The specificity of the school nurse profession is not necessarily solely related to the provision of care, but rather it is more accurately articulated around a set of educational tasks and goals, without of course being in a competitive position with the educational disciplines. This radical change in the fundamental core of the professional mission underlies the need to define a new professionalism and develop specific training tailored to the school setting and its distinctive features. PMID:20429235
Berger, Dominique; Nekaa, Mabrouk; Courty, Pascal
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Nursing: A Practice Variation Study
Purpose/Objectives To examine practice variation in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) nursing and to identify the gap between recommended standards of practice and actual practice across settings. Additional practices relevant to HSCT nursing also were explored. Research Approach Cross-sectional, descriptive survey. Setting National and international cancer centers. Participants A convenience sample was obtained from the 2006 Oncology Nursing Society Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Special Interest Group membership list (N = 205). Most participants were women (94%) with a median age of 45 years. The primary role was bedside nurse (46%), with an adult-only population (78%) in an academic (84%), inpatient (68%-88%) center. 39 (94%) U.S. states and 7 (6%) non-U.S. countries were represented. Methodologic Approach Survey development was guided by Dillman Mail and Internet survey design. Electronic questionnaires were conducted with Zoomerang™ Market Tools. Main Research Variables Infection control practices across bone marrow transplantation settings. Findings Descriptive statistics revealed minimal practice variation regarding infection control across transplantation types or conditioning regimens. Practices regarding implementation of restrictions on patients' hygiene, diet, and social interactions varied by phase of transplantation, with the greatest variations occurring during the post-transplantation phase. Sixty-two percent of respondents reported using published guidelines; 72% reported using organization-specific policies. Conclusions Although published standards are under consideration, practice variation exists across transplantation centers. Whether the variation is caused by a lack of compliance with published guidelines or by the poor delineation of details for providers to translate the guidelines into practice is not known. Interpretation Identifying gaps in the literature and inconsistencies in HSCT practices is an important first step in designing evidence-based projects that can be used to standardize practice and link best practices to improved patient outcomes.
Bevans, Margaret; Tierney, D. Kathryn; Bruch, Coleen; Burgunder, Mary; Castro, Kathleen; Ford, Rosemary; Miller, Michelle; Rome, Sandra; Schmit-Pokorny, Kim
An ontological approach to support the description of nursing practice in Japan with the ICNP
BackgroundWith increasing computerization of nursing records in Japan, standardization of nursing terminology is becoming imperative. Although some efforts have been made to formalize description of nursing practice in Japan with the International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP), lack of effective description tools has impacted negatively on the initiatives.
Guoqian Jiang; Hitomi Sato; Akira Endoh; Katsuhiko Ogasawara; Tsunetaro Sakurai
Examining Pedagogical Practices in Family Systems Nursing: Intentionality, Complexity, and Doing Well by Families
Teaching graduate family nursing students the important and delicate practice of entering into and mitigating families' illness suffering signifies an educational practice that is rigorous, intense, and contextual, yet not articulated as expounded knowledge. This study examined the pedagogical practices of the advanced practice of Family Systems Nursing (FSN) as taught to master's and doctoral nursing students at the Family
Nancy J. Moules; Janice M. Bell; Brenda I. Paton; Angela C. Morck
Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders - a model for optimising the geriatric nursing practice environment
Aims and objectives To explain the relationship between a positive nurse practice environment (NPE) and implementation of evidence-based practices. To describe the components of NICHE (Nurses Improving Care for Healthsystem Elders) programmes that contribute to a positive geriatric nursing practice environment. Background The NPE is a system-level intervention for promoting quality and patient safety; however, there are population-specific factors that influence the nurses' perception of their practice and its' relationship with patient outcomes. Favourable perceptions of the geriatric-specific NPE are associated with better perceptions of geriatric care quality. Designs Discursive paper. Method In this selective critical analysis of the descriptive and empirical literature, we present the implementation of geriatric models in relation to the NPE and components of the NICHE programme that support hospitals' systemic capacity to effectively integrate and sustain evidence-based geriatric knowledge into practice. Results Although there are several geriatric models and chronic care models available, NICHE has been the most successful in recruiting hospital membership as well as contributing to the depth of geriatric hospital programming. Conclusions Although all geriatric care models require significant nursing input, only NICHE focuses on the nursing staff's perception of the care environment for geriatric practice. Studies in NICHE hospitals demonstrate that quality geriatric care requires a NPE in which the structure and processes of hospital services focus on specific patient care needs. Relevance to clinical practice The implementation of evidence-based models addressing the unique needs of hospitalised older adults requires programmes such as NICHE that serve as technical resources centre and a catalyst for networking among facilities committed to quality geriatric care. Unprecedented international growth in the ageing population compels us to examine how to adapt the successful components of NICHE to the distinctive needs of health systems throughout the world that serve older adults.
Capezuti, Elizabeth; Boltz, Marie; Cline, Daniel; Dickson, Victoria Vaughn; Rosenberg, Marie-Claire; Wagner, Laura; Shuluk, Joseph; Nigolian, Cindy
Theory into Practice: A Matter of Transfer
This article explores a new approach to taking theory into practice--one that offers a direct route from research to practice. Traditionally, theory makes its way to practice cloaked in particular curriculum interventions. We argue that taking theory into practice is essentially a matter of transfer--applying teaching and learning principles in…
Randi, Judi; Corno, Lyn
Patient safety issues in advanced practice nursing students' care settings.
The purpose of this project was to identify and characterize patient safety issues across advanced practice nursing (APN) care settings including ambulatory care visits. A total of 162 registered nurses enrolled in an APN education program completed an online survey. Respondents reported patient safety issues related to diagnosis or management and treatment in almost half of 489 encounters. The most common issues were clinician communication problems with patients, which occurred during 42.4% of encounters. Adoption of information technology may be a pathway for improving patient safety issues in APN practice settings. PMID:21915064
Schnall, Rebecca; Cook, Sarah; John, Rita Marie; Larson, Elaine; Stone, Patricia W; Sullivan, Caroline; Bakken, Suzanne
Teaching pharmacology to advanced practice nursing students: issues and strategies.
A pharmacology course should prepare the advanced practice nursing student to understand the cellular mechanisms of drug action and physiologic outcomes (pharmacodynamics); mechanisms of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs (pharmacokinetics); and the clinical use of drugs in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease (pharmacotherapeutics). The goal of a pharmacology course for advance nursing practice is to provide practitioners with knowledge that provides a rational basis for pharmacologic management of patients with complex health problems. A pharmacology course should teach the student the principles of pharmacology along with the process of pharmacologic reasoning. PMID:9086927
Schwertz, D W; Piano, M R; Kleinpell, R; Johnson, J
Practice nurse involvement in general practice clinical care: policy and funding issues need resolution.
In Australia, primary care-based funding initiatives have been implemented to encourage general practices to employ practice nurses. The aim of this paper is to discuss limitations of the current funding and policy arrangements in enhancing the clinical role of practice nurses in the management of chronic conditions. This paper draws on the results of a real-world economic evaluation, the Primary Care Services Improvement Project (PCSIP). The PCSIP linked routinely collected clinical and resource use data to undertake a risk-adjusted cost-effectiveness analysis of increased practice nurse involvement in clinical-based activities for the management of diabetes and obesity. The findings of the PCSIP suggested that the active involvement of practice nurses in collaborative clinical-based activities is cost-effective, as well as addressing general practice workforce issues. Although primary healthcare organisations (e.g. Medicare Locals) can play a key role in supporting enhanced practice nurse roles, improvements to practice nurse funding models could further encourage more efficient use of an important resource. PMID:24870661
Afzali, Hossein Haji Ali; Karnon, Jonathan; Beilby, Justin; Gray, Jodi; Holton, Christine; Banham, David
Transforming nursing home culture: evidence for practice and policy.
The nursing home culture change movement aims to improve resident quality of life and quality of care by emphasizing the deinstitutionalization of nursing home culture and focusing on person-centered care. This article briefly reviews the history of culture change, discusses some of the challenges related to culture change in nursing homes, and overviews the conceptualization and select models of culture change. Building from this background, it critiques current understanding, identifies critical research questions, and notes key issues arising during a workshop that addressed existing and emerging evidence in the field. This review and analysis provide a context for how 9 accompanying papers in this supplemental issue of The Gerontologist fill identified evidence gaps and provide evidence for future practice and policies that aim to transform nursing home culture. PMID:24443601
Zimmerman, Sheryl; Shier, Victoria; Saliba, Debra
Accelerated second degree advanced practice nurses: how do they fare in the job market?
Accelerated, nontraditional, advanced practice nursing programs are an alternative way to increase the supply of nurse practitioners. This study profiles demographic and job characteristics of second degree, non-nurse college graduates who pursued graduate degrees in nursing. Graduates' sex, age, income, previous education, nursing experience, factors describing the scope of the advanced practice role, and quality of the educational experience were studied. Data were collected from 29 graduates (57%) from Virginia Commonwealth University's accelerated second-degree nursing program from 1995 through 1999. The findings have implications for nursing educators, health care administrators, employers, and other persons who plan and recruit for this type of nursing education program. PMID:11044296
White, K R; Wax, W A; Berrey, A L
Practice theory for clinical social work
It is suggested that practice theory for clinical social work practice is in a state of disarray. Six new books on clinical social work practice are reviewed, with an identification of their contributions to the development of clinical practice theory. The expanded societal functions of clinical social work have resulted in major changes in method and in practice activities, without
Max Siporin; David Brandon; Kegan Paul; Joel Fischer; Naomi Golan; William J. Reid; Laura Epstein; Herbert S. Strean
Oral care practices of intensive care nurses: a descriptive study.
The aim of this study was to investigate intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' views and practices on oral care and to define the factors related to oral care measures. A study was carried out in eight ICUs of a teaching hospital in 2008. One hundred one nurses constituted the study sample. The data were collected using 'Oral Care Practices Survey' which included demographic characteristics (5 items) and current oral care practices (13 items). Oral care was given the highest priority by nearly 60% of the nurses. The most commonly used solution was sodium bicarbonate (79.2%), and the most frequently used equipment was foam swab (82.2%). Oral care was carried out less than every 4 h per day by 44.5% of the nurses. The oral care products and solutions were reported to be different in almost every unit. The relationship between the use of toothpaste and the place of employment was statistically significant (x(2) = 24.566, d.f. = 6, P = 0.000). There was a statistical significance between the clinics and frequency of oral care (x(2) = 81.486, d.f. = 42, P = 0.000). This study suggests that there is a wide variety of type and frequency of oral care measures among ICU nurses. Optimal oral care supported by evidence is an effective prevention method for eliminating oral complications. PMID:22845634
Türk, Gülengün; Kocaçal Güler, Elem; E?er, Ismet; Khorshid, Leyla
[International classification of Nursing Practices in Collective Health-CIPESC].
The project International Classification of the Nursing Practices in Collective Health-CIPESC was the Brazilian contribution for the incorporation of the notion of collectiveness in the International Classification of Nursing Practice-ICNP. This article aims at analyzing the bibliographical production concerning nursing classifications available in the virtual library in health database since 1990. This is a bibliographical survey of nursing practice classification systems and is part of a larger research that intends to identify the collective face of the CIPESC instrument in the municipal health network of the city of Curitiba, in the State of Parana. The result shows that the majority of the texts are based on the clinical-individual model, and those that emphasize the social-epidemiologic model are still a minority. In addition, most studies focused on the collective were disseminated through the publications of the Brazilian Nursing Association, which has the hegemony in the diffusion of the knowledge about the collective face of classification systems. PMID:18450164
Cubas, Marcia Regina; Egry, Emiko Yoshikawa
Changes Resulting from Reflection Dialogues on Nursing Practice
Background Reflection is defined here as a process by which, through self-conversation, one's self and one's behavior acquire meaning. However, people have limitations in terms of what they can express and be aware of during reflection. This finding points to the importance of facilitators. The purpose of this study was to determine what changes can be brought about through reflection dialogues on nursing practice. Methods The Participants were 9 nurses who worked at three institutions in City A, each with about 200 beds. Workplace topics were examined through self-reflections and reflection dialogues. The depth of reflection was assessed using the three levels of reflection described by Mezirow—{reflecting on the content}, {reflecting on the process} and {reflecting on the assumptions}. Results In reflecting on nursing practice, the participants were also divided into those who had already reached the highest level, {reflecting on assumptions}, via self-reflection, and those who remained at the level of {reflecting on processes}, despite the use of reflection dialogues. Conclusion The development of reflective thinking on nursing practice was connected not only to the participants' desire to explore ways of accepting their individual experiences, but may also be connected to whether or not they are able to question themselves about their thoughts and preconceptions about nursing work.
Okuda, Reiko; Fukada, Mika
Reflective practice groups for nurses: a consultation liaison psychiatry nursing initiative: part 2--the evaluation.
This paper outlines an evaluation of reflective practice groups (RPG) involving nurses and midwives from three clinical nursing specialties at Redcliffe and Caboolture Hospitals, Queensland, Australia. The groups were facilitated by the consultation liaison psychiatry nurse and author using a process-focused, whole-of-group approach to explore clinical narrative in a supportive group setting. This was a preliminary evaluation utilizing a recently-developed tool, the Clinical Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire, along with externally-facilitated focus groups. Nurses and midwives responded favourably to RPG, reporting a positive impact on clinical practice, self-awareness, and resilience. The majority of participants considered RPG had positive implications for team functioning. The focus groups identified the importance of facilitation style and the need to address aspects of workplace culture to enable group development and enhance the capacity for reflection. Evaluation of the data indicates this style of RPG can improve reflective thinking, promote team cohesion, and provide support for nurses and midwives working in clinical settings. Following on from this study, a second phase of research has commenced, providing more detailed, longitudinal evaluation across a larger, more diverse group of nurses. PMID:23020828
[Recontextualization of nursing clinical simulation based on Basil Bernstein: semiology of pedagogical practice].
This is an investigative case study with descriptive and participative character, based on an educational experience with the Simulation in Nursing learning trigger. It was carried out during the second semester of the first cycle of Faculdade de Enfermagem (FEN), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel). The aim is to study the recontextualization of pedagogic practice of simulation-based theories developed by Basil Bernstein, an education sociologist, and to contribute with the improvement process of education planning, and especially the evaluation of learning trigger. The research shows that Bernstein's theory is a powerful tool semiotic pedagogical of practices which contributes to the planning and analysis of curricular educational device. PMID:21805886
dos Santos, Mateus Casanova; Leite, Maria Cecília Lorea; Heck, Rita Maria
A Novel Theory for Nursing EducationHolistic Comfort
This article discusses how aspects of a holistic comfort theory were adapted to create a taxonomic structure to apply its concepts to a fast-track nursing education program. The principles of learner-centered education were combined with comfort theory to develop strategies that appear to have produced positive influences on the attributes and contexts of comfort within the learning community. With emphasis
Miki Goodwin; India Sener; Susan H. Steiner
The Doctor of Nursing Practice: defining the next steps.
The purpose of this article is to summarize the previous articles in this special issue of the Journal of Nursing Education that are based on the Committee on Institutional Cooperation's Dean's Conference on the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) and to identify areas of consensus, as well as areas of controversy. Areas of consensus include the high level of interest in DNP programs and the intent to expand the role of the advanced practice nurse to population health, policy, and leadership. Areas of controversy include the nature of the DNP product, the definition of clinical experiences, the nature of the capstone project, the outcomes of these new practitioners, and the impact on schools. Suggestions for achieving higher levels of consensus, including the need for respective, inclusive dialogue, are provided. PMID:23875725
Grey, Margaret
Achieving army nursing evidence-based practice competencies through a civilian-military nurse partnership.
Despite the Institute of Medicine's goal of 90% of all practice being evidence-based by 2020, educational and practice institutions are not on target to achieve this goal. Evidence-based practice is one of 5 core elements of the Army Nurse Corps' patient care delivery system and a key focus of the Hawaii State Center for Nursing. In order to increase evidence-based practice (EBP), a civilian-military partnership was formed to include healthcare organizations in the state, optimize resources, and share strategies for successful practice changes statewide. The partnership has been successful in meeting each of these goals using national EBP competencies and Bloom's taxonomy as a guide. The article presents a discussion regarding the history, processes, and outcomes of this partnership. PMID:24488872
Siaki, Leilani A; Lentino, Cynthia V; Mark, Debra D; Hopkins-Chadwick, Denise L
Nurse Coaching and Cartoon Distraction: An Efective and Practical Intervention to Reduce Child, Parent, and Nurse Distress During Immunizations
Evaluated a low cost and practical intervention deigned to decrease children's, parents', and nurses' distress during children's immunizations. The intervention consisted of children viewing a popular cartoon movie and being coached by nurses and parents to attend to the movie. Ninety-two children, 4—6 years of age, and their parents were alternatively assigned to either a nurse coach interven- tion, a
Lindsey L. Cohen; Ronald L. Blount; Georgia Panopoulos
Curriculum Models and Competencies. Associate Degree Nursing and Nursing Education Options: Associate Degree with Practical Nursing.
Four associate degree nursing curriculums are presented, along with competencies, program guidelines, and job opportunities identified as those appropriate for the associate degree nursing programs offered in the North Carolina community college system. Chapter I introduces North Carolina's curriculum development project and the phases in which…
Hardee, Vercie M.; Worthington, Roger G.
Spanning the Gap between Theory and Practice.
Suggests that new developments in prescriptive theory offer an opportunity for instructional designers to combine research and practice in developing instruction. Ways in which instructional theories can facilitate practical applications are suggested. (MER)
Clark, Richard E.
[Chronic diseases and complexity: new roles in nursing. Advanced practice nurses and chronic patient].
The increase in chronic diseases and the progressive ageing of the population is a source of concern for the different agencies with responsibility for health care. This has led to the creation of many documents focused on the analysis of the current situation and care of chronic diseases, including the WHO recommendations intended to assist countries and health services design and implement strategies that will address the existing demand, control and prevention of chronic diseases. In addition, there is a need to respond to the demand generated by chronic diseases in every sense, and from the different systems it is becoming more difficult to get enough support from multidisciplinary teams where the nurse has a central importance. While chronic diseases are becoming a threat due to the costs they generate, it is also an opportunity for nursing to be at the forefront for advanced care requirements, performed by professionals with recognized advanced clinical skills and ability for case management while monitoring and controlling complex chronic patients. The different services of the National Health System have introduced nurses that play different roles (cases managers, liaison nurses, advanced practice nurses and so on). However, it could be argued that they are not being trained to a desirable development level. It is therefore time for health care authorities to determine the role of the advanced practice nurse in relation to functional positions, and allow them to make an advance in the development of unified skills for the whole National Health System. From our experience we have learned that the advanced practice nurse is a resource that helps in the sustainability of services, thanks to the efficiency shown in the results obtained from the care given to both chronic and complex chronic patients. PMID:24468495
Sánchez-Martín, C Inmaculada
Removal of legal barriers to the practice of advanced practice registered nurses.
A recent report from the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (IOM) calls for states to amend regulations on the practice of advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). This article reviews the roles of APRNs, the IOM recommendations, and efforts by national and state stakeholders to remove legal barriers to APRN practice. PMID:22128689
Kugler, Eileen C; Burhans, Linda D; George, Julia L
Nurses in Practice: A Perspective on Work Environments.
A major portion of the collection of 20 readings authored by practicing professionals consists of field observations presented both as raw data (field notes) and as analyzed and organized data. About the work of nurses in a variety of settings, a recurrent theme is that work behavior is greatly influenced by organizational and structural elements…
Davis, Marcella Z., Ed.; And Others
Competency Based Curriculum Guide for Practical Nursing Education.
This document contains entry-level practical nursing competencies arranged in eight categories. Each competency appears on a separate sheet on which is included a list of points of knowledge the student should possess in order to meet the competency and a statement regarding evaluative criteria for the competency. Competencies in the following…
New Jersey State Dept. of Education, Trenton. Div. of Vocational Education.
Using standardized patients in advanced practice nursing education
Standardized patient encounters, a pedagogic approach to helping students develop appropriate clinical skills, are widely used in medical education and are being adopted by advanced practice nursing programs. Two types, simulated clinical encounters, in which students complete an episodic or comprehensive visit, and objective structured clinical experiences, multiple stations each presenting a different clinical problem, are used for formative and
Judith A. Vessey; Karen Huss
Mobile Learning in Nursing Practice Education: Applying Koole's FRAME Model
We report here on an exploratory formative evaluation of a project to integrate mobile learning into a Western Canadian college nursing program. Third-year students used Hewlett Packard iPAQ mobile devices for five weeks in a practice education course in April-May, 2007. Koole's (2009) "Framework for the Rational Analysis of Mobile Education"…
Kenny, Richard F.; Van Neste-Kenny, Jocelyne M. C.; Park, Caroline L.; Burton, Pamela A.; Meiers, Jan
Cardiovascular disease management: time to advance the practice nurse role?
Objective: More than two-thirds of health expenditure is attributable to chronic conditions, of which a significant proportion are related to cardi- ovascular disease. This paper identifies and explores the factors cited by practice nurses as impacting on the development of their role in cardiovascular disease management. Methods: Sequential mixed methods design combining postal survey (n = 284) and telephone interviews
Elizabeth J Halcomb; Patricia M Davidson; Rhonda Griffiths; John Daly
Missouri Responses to the Advanced Practice Nurse Role.
A randomly drawn statewide sample of 891 Missouri consumers revealed overall support for the advance practice nurse role to be greater than 75%. Seeking health care consumers' reactions to proposed alternatives is a crucial step in planning and implementing a program of health care reform that will meet current and future health needs. (Author)
Armer, Jane M.
Are we preparing student nurses for final practice placement?
The aims of this research were to illuminate student nurses' perceptions of preparedness for final practice placement, and to ascertain factors that supported and hindered preparation for final placement practice. This phenomenological qualitative research was carried out in a UK higher education institution (HEI) with eight adult branch student nurses maintaining written diaries for the first 4 weeks of their final 10-week practice placement. Data were then analysed by means of an interpretive phenomenological approach (IPA). Results showed that students felt ill-prepared for placement. Eight clear themes emerged, including: being used as 'an extra pair of hands'; mentors appearing to treat student practice documentation as unimportant; and high staff expectations. Other themes were: mentor importance; students feeling that they lacked knowledge; and students feeling unsupported and stressed. In conclusion, although students felt that they lacked knowledge and were used as an extra pair of hands, they did show clinical competence. PMID:24851915
Morrell, Nicola; Ridgway, Victoria
Implications of nursing role expansion for professional practice.
The topic of nursing role expansion has caused much heated debate in the nursing press in recent years. The contemporary relevance of the debate is heightened by the current recruitment and retention crisis in nursing, and continued pressures to reduce junior doctors' hours and workload. This article re-examines the 'expanded role debate' by putting current concerns in an historical framework. The perceived benefits of role expansion are discussed, and balanced against continued concerns expressed by practitioners regarding possible detrimental effects on care delivery. The potential erosion of 'caring' as the heart of nursing practice is acknowledged, and challenges are made to the belief that nursing has the 'monopoly on caring'. The issue of 'nursing time', perhaps the major barrier to continued role expansion, is also explored. The future division of labour within healthcare delivery is seen as pivotal to this aspect of the debate, and a pragmatic vision for the future is offered. Finally, the issue of the paucity of the evidence base underpinning role expansion is considered and a plea is made for future developments to be soundly underpinned by research. PMID:10887832
Rushforth, H; Glasper, E A
Clinical placements in general practice: relationships between practice nurses and tertiary institutions.
As a practice-based discipline a key component of undergraduate nurse education is clinical practice experience. The quality of clinical experiences has a significant impact on the students' ability to function competently post graduation. The relationship between higher education institutions (HEIs) and health service placement providers impacts upon the quality of clinical placements. In Australia, the growth of primary care nursing and the shortage of acute clinical places has prompted HEIs to explore the placement of students in general practice. Given the increasing attention being paid to non-traditional clinical placements, it is timely to explore how universities are establishing relationships and models of clinical placement. This paper uses qualitative research methods to explore the perspectives of 12 Australian general practice nurses who have experience in facilitating undergraduate clinical placements about the relationships between HEIs and nurses. Findings are presented in the following three themes: (1) Appropriate preparation for placement: They don't know what primary health really means, (2) Seeking greater consultation in the organisation of clinical placements: they've got to do it one way for everyone, and (3) Uncertainty and lack of support: I had no contact with the university. Clinical placements in general practice can be an innovative strategy providing non-traditional, yet high quality, teaching and learning experiences for undergraduate nursing students. To optimise the quality of these placements, however, it is essential that HEIs provide appropriate support to the practice nurses mentoring these students. PMID:23069694
Peters, Kathleen; Halcomb, Elizabeth J; McInnes, Susan
Prescribing patterns of advanced practice nurses: contrasting psychiatric mental health CNS and NP practice.
Advanced practice nurses (APNs) play a key role in delivering health care and increasingly include prescriptive authority in their practices. To date, few systematic studies have investigated APN prescribing patterns. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the prescriptive practice of APNs, assess differences in prescriptive patterns by specialty, and determine barriers to prescriptive practice. Fifty-one percent (n = 1352) of 2,651 nurse practitioners (NPs) and psychiatric clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) in Massachusetts responded to a self-administered survey; 59% had incorporated prescriptive authority. Identified barriers included fees, the process of obtaining prescriptive authority, and lack of physician supervision. Significantly more psychiatric CNSs than NPs had difficulty obtaining physician supervisors. Prescriptive authority is integral to advanced practice, but differences in ability to implement this in practice exist among specialties. PMID:11858292
Glod, C A; Manchester, A
The motivation to care : Application and extension of motivation theory to professional nursing work
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to describe a model of nurses' work motivation relevant to the human caring stance of professional nursing work. Design\\/methodology\\/approach – The model was derived from selected theories of behavioral motivation and work motivation. Evidence-based theory addressing nurses' work motivation and nurses' motivational states and traits in relation to characteristics of organizational culture
Roseanne C. Moody; Daniel J. Pesut
Addressing Sexuality-Related Needs in Practice: Perspectives of Maternal/Child and Women's Health Nurses.
A survey of sexuality-related nursing practices was completed by 130 maternal/child and women's health nurses. A disparity was found between their agreement on nurses' role in sexuality-related practices and their actual practice; 46.5% felt only somewhat knowledgeable about sexuality. (SK)
Propst, Maureen G.; Phillips, Billie Rhea; Andrew, Michael E.
Advancing nursing practice through social media: a global perspective.
Social media has been used globally as a key vehicle for communication. As members of an innovative profession, many nurses have embraced social media and are actively utilizing its potential to enhance practice and improve health. The ubiquity of the Internet provides social media with the potential to improve both access to health information and services and equity in health care. Thus there are a number of successful nurse-led initiatives. However, the open and democratising nature of social media creates a number of potential risks, both individual and organisational. This article considers the use of social media within nursing from a global perspective, including discussion of policy and guidance documents. The impact of social media on both healthcare consumers and nurses is reviewed, followed by discussion of selected risks associated with social media. To help nurses make the most of social media tools and avoid potential pitfalls, the article conclusion suggests implications appropriate for global level practice based on available published guidance. PMID:23036062
Barry, Jean; Hardiker, Nicholas R
Incorporating medium fidelity simulation in a practical nurse education program.
We frequently hear the word simulation in nursing educatioh. Research has been done on the use of high fidelity simulation in registered nursing programs. High fidelity simulators are expensive and require more than one faculty to facilitate. The question remains: Does every nursing program require a high fidelity simulation laboratory? This article will define the three levels of fidelity and describe the incorporation of a medium fidelity simulation into a practical nursing program and will describe the benefits of simulation use. The article will assist the faculty and students new to simulation, and allow them to choose the equipment and scenarios that will be most advantageous for their individual programs. The choice of equipment, scenarios, and fidelity often depends upon the space, time, funds, and faculty available. Simulation adds an important component to nursing education. Using simulation wisely helps students practice in a controlled environment without danger to living patients. The lessons learned will someday play into a "life or death" scenario, and the patient will not be a simulation mannequin. PMID:20509369
Cunningham, Donna D
The science of patient safety: implications for oncology nursing practice.
Patient safety is one of the most frequent terms used in health care today. Patients and their families are, first and foremost, focused on receiving effective and safe care, and oncology nurses strive to incorporate clinical evidence into day-to-day practice. This article provides a road map on how to incorporate emerging patient safety science into daily clinical practice to best serve patients and their families. PMID:24305480
Sheridan, Carol A
Understanding partnership practice in child and family nursing through the concept of practice architectures.
A significant international development agenda in the practice of nurses supporting families with young children focuses on establishing partnerships between professionals and service users. Qualitative data were generated through interviews and focus groups with 22 nurses from three child and family health service organisations, two in Australia and one in New Zealand. The aim was to explore what is needed in order to sustain partnership in practice, and to investigate how the concept of practice architectures can help understand attempts to enhance partnerships between nurses and families. Implementation of the Family Partnership Model (FPM) is taken as a specific point of reference. Analysis highlights a number of tensions between the goals of FPM and practice architectures relating to opportunities for ongoing learning; the role of individual nurses in shaping the practice; relationships with peers and managers; organisational features; and extra-organisational factors. The concept of practice architectures shows how changing practice requires more than developing individual knowledge and skills, and avoids treating individuals and context separately. The value of this framework for understanding change with reference to context rather than just individual's knowledge and skills is demonstrated, particularly with respect to approaches to practice development focused on providing additional training to nurses. PMID:23336287
Hopwood, Nick; Fowler, Cathrine; Lee, Alison; Rossiter, Chris; Bigsby, Marg
State-Granted Practice Authority: Do Nurse Practitioners Vote with Their Feet?
Nurse practitioners have become an increasingly important part of the US medical workforce as they have gained greater practice authority through state-level regulatory changes. This study investigates one labor market impact of this large change in nurse practitioner regulation. Using data from the National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses and a dataset of state-level nurse practitioner prescribing authority, a multivariate estimation is performed analysing the impact of greater practice authority on the probability of a nurse practitioner moving from a state. The empirical results indicate that nurse practitioners in states that grant expanded practice are less likely to move from the state than nurse practitioners in states that have not granted expanded practice authority. The estimated effect is robust and is statistically and economically meaningful. This finding is in concert with and strengthens the wider literature which finds states that grant expanded practice authority to nurse practitioners tend to have larger nurse practitioner populations.
Perry, John J.
Reflection and moral maturity in a nurse's caring practice: a critical perspective.
The likelihood of nurse reflection is examined from the theoretical perspectives of Habermas' Theory of Communicative Action and Moral Action and Sumner's Moral Construct of Caring in Nursing as Communicative Action, through a critical social theory lens. The argument is made that until the nurse reaches the developmental level of post-conventional moral maturity and/or Benner's Stage 5: expert, he or she is not capable of being inwardly directed reflective on self. The three developmental levels of moral maturity and Benner's stages are presented with discussion on whether or not there can be self-reflection because of an innate vulnerability that leads to self-protective behaviours. It is only when the confidence from mastery of practice has been achieved can the nurse be comfortable with reflection that enables him or her to become enlightened, emancipated, and empowered. The influences and constraints of the knowledge power between nurse and patient are acknowledged. The power hierarchy of the institution is recognized as constraining. PMID:20536765
Sumner, Jane
Grounded theory in medical laboratory science expert practice development.
Grounded theory and methods related to expert practice development in medical laboratory science were described using data from a large national survey of medical laboratory scientists (MLS) overlaid on findings from analysis of expert practice domains reported in nursing literature. An extensive focus group/expert review iterative process followed by a survey of MLS practitioners produced 25 critical thinking (CT) behaviors important in expert practice. Factor analysis was applied to discern common threads or themes linking the CT behaviors. The 25 important CT behaviors were reduced to a 7-factor structure representing constructs underlying the individual, observable CT behaviors. This 7-factor structure in MLS was compared to the 7 practice domains identified in expert nursing practice. The comparison yielded commonality between MLS and nursing in CT behaviors observed in the 7 expert practice domains of both professions: professional techniques, caring communication, growing professionally, setting priorities, practicing with judgment, anticipating/revising, and creating unique meaning. Emergent grounded theory is that (1) critical thinking is a metaprocess that facilitates learning by interlinking the more basic processes associated with different learning orientations: cognitivist, behaviorist, humanist (affective), and situated/contextual learning, (2) CT behaviors are observable events following from the CT metaprocess, and (3) observations of CT behaviors increase as practice advances from novice to expert. Identification and definition of CT behaviors, i.e., practice competencies, along the continuum of novice to expert can serve as the foundation for MLS curriculum and instructional design as well as measurement and evaluation in both formal and continuing education settings. PMID:22420229
Leibach, Elizabeth Kenimer
Tracing detached and attached care practices in nursing education.
The implementation of skills labs in Danish nursing education can, in itself, be viewed as a complexity. The students are expected to eventually carry out their work in a situated hospital practice, but they learn their professional skills in a different space altogether, detached and removed from the hospitals and practising on plastic dummies. Despite the apparent artificiality of the skills lab, this article will show that it is possible to analyse some of the fundamental aspects of care in nursing by ethnographically following this phenomenon of simulation-based training. These particular aspects of care are not explicated in the curriculum or textbooks; however, they surfaced once this crooked approach to studying care in a simulated practice was applied. The article start from the assertion that detached engagements are not recognized within the field of nursing education as an equal component to attachments. Yet empirical cases from the skills lab and hospitals illustrate how students sometimes felt emotionally attached to plastic dummies and how experienced nurses sometimes practised a degree of detachment in relation to human patients. Detached engagements will therefore be presented as part of care practices of nurses - rendering the ability to detach in engagement with patients a professional skill that students also need to learn. In the analysis to follow, attached and detached engagements are located on an equal plane by integrating both into the same conceptual framework, rather than imposing a priori notions about their dialectic relation. The analysis shows that it is the particular intertwinement of attachment and detachment that gives care its fundamental meaning. In conclusion, the need for a conceptual shift from a strong emphasis on attached engagement to a more balanced analytical approach to care work, as involving both attached and detached engagement within Danish nursing education, is advocated. PMID:24528597
Soffer, Ann Katrine B
Vermont Nurse Internship Project. A Collaborative Enterprise Developed by Nurse Leaders from Education, Practice, and Regulation.
Two pilot studies tested a postgraduate internship model to prepare entry-level nurses with the support of clinical preceptors. Elements included preceptor training and a core competence assessment tool. The second pilot resulted in improvements in transition to practice and satisfaction with preceptors. (Contains 15 references.) (SK)
Boyer, Susan A.
The practice of the everyday in the literature of nursing.
If intense pain is "world-destroying," as Elaine Scarry has argued, one of the ways nurses respond to that loss is by re-enacting the commonplace-both in practice and in writing-through daily, accumulating acts of care. Such care poses a critique of medicine's emphasis on the exceptional moment and stresses forms of physical tending that are quotidian rather than heroic, ongoing rather than permanent or conclusive. I develop this view of care through the writings of nurses like Walt Whitman, Louisa May Alcott, Cortney Davis and Joyce Renwick. PMID:15926033
Davis, Robert Leigh
What nurses do: use of the ISO Reference Terminology Model for Nursing Action as a framework for analyzing MICU nursing practice patterns.
This study utilized the ISO RTM for Nursing Action as a model to decompose nursing actions and as a framework for analyzing the practice patterns of nurses working in a medical intensive care unit (MICU). Observations were made in a 25-bed MICU and nursing actions recorded in terms of model attributes. 1013 actions were observed; decomposed into the ISO RTM categories, they represented 68 distinct actions, 166 targets, 6 recipients of care, 81 means, 16 routes and 115 sites. The most frequent actions were 'assessing' (19.1%) and 'documenting' (10.5%). The most frequent target was 'medication' (8.5%) and the most frequent recipient of care was 'patient' (94.1%). Data revealed nurses perform, yet do not document all actions. Thus in this setting, the existing documentation system does not adequately represent all aspects of nursing practice. The ISO RTM permits evaluation of the depth and breadth of nursing care by identifying all nursing actions. PMID:18693790
Andison, Margot; Moss, Jacqueline
Minority nursing student success: A grounded theory case study
There has been a dramatic increase in the nation's racial and ethnic minority populations over recent years. This increase is placing a higher demand on the health care industry to provide culturally competent care to these diverse populations. This challenge is met with yet another problem as the nation faces a critical shortage of nurses, particularly minority nurses. This shortage is only expected to worsen over the next several years. As schools of nursing across the country are being asked to increase the number of nursing program graduates, specifically minorities, they are confronted with a double edged sword as retention rates are decreasing, and attrition rates are increasing. This is particularly troublesome when many racial and ethnic minority nursing students do not graduate. This qualitative study was implemented to assess and understand the perceived educational experiences of racial and ethnic minority nursing students enrolled in a rural community college nursing program on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Eight voluntary nursing students who identified themselves as either a racial or ethnic minority participated in the study. Data were collected by: individual audio-taped interview sessions; audio-taped focus group sessions; and documentation of field notes. Participants also provided demographic information and were asked to provide a brief written response to a scenario regarding increasing the recruitment and retention rates of minority nursing students. All data were analyzed utilizing the constant comparative method. Results of the study revealed six different themes: personal support systems and peer relationships; college services and academic resources; faculty support; cultural understanding versus cultural insensitivity; personal attributes of self-efficacy/advice for future nursing students; and suggestions for college and nursing program improvement. After the major themes were examined one central theme, a grounded theory, was born. The theory proposes that when the minority nursing student bridges his or her personal attributes of self-efficacy with some or all identified support systems, this may be a conduit to fostering success in obtaining their educational goals as long as the resources are available, and a caring environment is present.
Mister, Brenda J.
Patients' and nurses' views of nurse-led heart failure clinics in general practice: a qualitative study
Objectives: To ascertain nurses' and patients' views and experiences of a nurse-led heart failure clinic provided in general practice.Methods: The study was set in eight general practices in the North-West of England. Semi-structured interviews were devised and administered, with all the nurses providing the clinics and a purposive sample of patients attending the clinics. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed.
Ffion Lloyd-Williams; Susan Beaton; Pauline Goldstein; Frances Mair; Carl May; Simon Capewell
How Do Dyslexic Nursing Students Cope with Clinical Practice Placements? The Impact of the Dyslexic Profile on the Clinical Practice of Dyslexic Nursing Students: Pedagogical Issues and Considerations
The safety of dyslexic nurses, and whether they are a danger to their patients, has been widely discussed. This empirical study sought to discover the impact of the dyslexic profile on clinical practice for nursing students. Two focus groups of third-year nursing students in higher education were set up: a control group and a dyslexic group. The…
Price, Geraldine A.; Gale, Anne
Preceptorship and Affirmation in the Intergenerational World of Nursing Practice
Research has shown that while preceptorship offers a reality-oriented learning environment and facilitates competence of students, there are inherent rewards and stressors associated with the experience. Students and preceptors can be from different generations, and as such, they may often come to the learning space with differing values and expectations. The nature of the preceptorship experience in this intergenerational context was explored in a recent phenomenological study with seven preceptors and seven nursing students in an undergraduate nursing program in Eastern Canada. Overall the experience was found to be inclusive of three main themes: being affirmed, being challenged, and being on a pedagogical journey. In this paper we explore the first of these themes, being affirmed. Highlighting the positive aspects of the preceptorship experience in the intergenerational context is necessary to promote a culture of openness and respect for generational differences within clinical nursing practice settings and to improving the overall quality of the educational experience.
Foley, Vicki; Myrick, Florence; Yonge, Olive
Preceptorship and affirmation in the intergenerational world of nursing practice.
Research has shown that while preceptorship offers a reality-oriented learning environment and facilitates competence of students, there are inherent rewards and stressors associated with the experience. Students and preceptors can be from different generations, and as such, they may often come to the learning space with differing values and expectations. The nature of the preceptorship experience in this intergenerational context was explored in a recent phenomenological study with seven preceptors and seven nursing students in an undergraduate nursing program in Eastern Canada. Overall the experience was found to be inclusive of three main themes: being affirmed, being challenged, and being on a pedagogical journey. In this paper we explore the first of these themes, being affirmed. Highlighting the positive aspects of the preceptorship experience in the intergenerational context is necessary to promote a culture of openness and respect for generational differences within clinical nursing practice settings and to improving the overall quality of the educational experience. PMID:22778943
Optimizing Outcome Research for Nursing Practice.
The primary purpose of this conference, held on February 21, 2002, at Arizona State University (ASU), was to disseminate new outcomes research findings to those in leadership positions who have the potential to incorporate them into practice. During the 1...
K. Sousa
Nurses' attitudes to euthanasia: the influence of empirical studies and methodological concerns on nursing practice.
This paper introduces the controversy surrounding active voluntary euthanasia and describes the legal position on euthanasia and assisted suicide in the UK. Findings from studies of the nurses' attitudes to euthanasia from the national and international literature are reviewed. There are acknowledged difficulties in carrying out research into attitudes to euthanasia and hence the review of findings from the published studies is followed by a methodological review. This methodological review examines the research design and data collection methods used in the published studies, problems with understanding definitions of euthanasia and the measurement of attitudes. The paper concludes with a discussion of how research in this area may influence nursing practice. PMID:18798897
Holt, Janet
Improving the adoption of evidence-based practice among nurses in Army outpatient medical treatment facilities.
This quality improvement project implemented and evaluated an evidence-based practice (EBP) program at two Army outpatient health care facilities. The EBP program consisted of five implementation strategies that aimed to inculcate EBP into organizational culture as well as nursing practice and culture. A conceptual model of the "Diffusion of Innovations" theory was adapted to explain the application of the program. The Institutional Review Boards at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center and Duke University School of Medicine reviewed and exempted this quality improvement project. A pretest-posttest design was used with four instruments at each facility. The EBP program was successful in enhancing organizational culture and readiness for EBP (p < 0.01) and nursing staff's belief about the value of EBP and their ability to implement it (p < 0.05). Another indicator that the EBP program achieved its goals was the significant difference (p = 0.002) in the movement of the outpatient health care facilities toward an EBP culture. These results suggest that this EBP program may be an effective method for empowering outpatient nursing staff with the knowledge and tools necessary to use evidence-based nursing practice. PMID:24005550
Yackel, Edward E; Short, Nancy M; Lewis, Paul C; Breckenridge-Sproat, Sara T; Turner, Barbara S
Moral Exemplars in Theory and Practice
In this article I outline an original form of ethical theory that I call exemplarist virtue theory. The theory is intended to serve the philosophical purposes of a comprehensive moral theory, but it is also intended to serve the practical purpose of moral education by structuring the theory around a motivating emotion--the emotion of admiration.…
Zagzebski, Linda
Pediatric nurses' pain management practice: barriers to change.
A qualitative, descriptive design was used to examine factors that influence pediatric nurses' pain management practices. Staff nurses from one pediatric unit (N = 16) at a community-based hospital attended from one to six discussion groups. Detailed content analysis of transcripts from each discussion group was conducted. Several themes emerged in the analysis. Some themes are based on the nurses clinical practice of pain assessment and management, while others reflect the organizational issues and changes staff experienced. Themes identified included: barriers/solutions to clinical practice change, organizational barriers to practice change, and staff commitment toward pain management. Staff attendance and commitment to participation in this research was commendable considering the external pressures they felt and expressed about job insecurity and poor unit morale. It seemed that their commitment to attend and participate was, in part, based on the value they placed upon clinical skills and knowledge. The opportunity to talk about the effects of organizational change, both individually and collectively, on their work environment was also considered beneficial. PMID:12025311
Ely, B
Online tobacco cessation education to optimize standards of practice for psychiatric mental health nurses.
This article presents an overview of an online education offering to improve standards of practice for nurses intervening with tobacco-dependent mentally ill populations. Designed as a pilot study and guided by the theory of reasoned action framework, the pretest-posttest educational program was conducted to examine attitudes and beliefs, knowledge, and intentions to integrate tobacco cessation interventions into practice. Although positive attitudes and beliefs were demonstrated, knowledge gaps continued to exist after the online program. Strengths and challenges of the online education offering are presented with recommendations for future research. PMID:22289399
Amole, Jacques; Heath, Janie; Joshua, Thomas V; McLear, Beth
Informal Theory: The Ignored Link in Theory-to-Practice
Applying theory to practice in student affairs is dominated by the assumption that formal theory is directly applied to practice. Among the problems with this assumption is that many practitioners believe they must choose between their lived experiences and formal theory, and that graduate students are taught that their experience "does not…
Love, Patrick
A seven country comparison of nurses' perceptions of their professional practice environment.
Papastavrou E., Efstathiou G., Acaroglu R., da Luz M.D.A., Berg A., Idvall E., Kalafati M., Kanan N., Katajisto J., Leino-Kilpi H., Lemonidou C., Sendir M., Sousa V.D. & Suhonen R. (2011) Journal of Nursing Management A seven country comparison of nurses' perceptions of their professional practice environment Aims? To describe and compare nurses' perceptions of their professional practice environment in seven countries. Background? There is evidence of variation in the nursing professional practice environments internationally. These different work environments affect nurses' ability to perform and are linked to differing nurse and patient outcomes. Methods? A descriptive, comparative survey was used to collect data from orthopaedic and trauma nurses (n?=?1156) in Finland, Cyprus, Greece, Portugal, Sweden, Turkey and Kansas, USA using the 39-item Revised Professional Practice Environment instrument. Results? Differences were found between participants from the northern countries of Europe, Kansas, USA, and the Mediterranean countries regarding perceptions about control over practice. No between-country differences were reported in the internal work motivation among the nurses from any of the participating countries. Conclusions? Although between-country differences in nurses' professional practice environment were found, difficulties related to demographic, cultural and health system differences and the way in which nursing is defined in each country need to be considered in the interpretation of the results. Implications for Nursing Management? The results support investment to improve nurse's work environment, which is important for improving the quality of patient care, optimizing patient outcomes and developing the nursing workforce. PMID:22050114
Papastavrou, Evridiki; Efstathiou, Georgios; Acaroglu, Rengin; DA Luz, Maria Deolinda Antunes; Berg, Agneta; Idvall, Ewa; Kalafati, Maria; Kanan, Nevin; Katajisto, Jouko; Leino-Kilpi, Helena; Lemonidou, Chryssoula; Sendir, Merdiye; Sousa, Valmi D; Suhonen, Riitta
Advanced practice psychiatric nurses' outcomes of care: a pilot study.
This pilot study evaluated the effectiveness of the Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nurse (APPN) in improving clinical outcomes of depressed clients and measured their clients' level of satisfaction with APPN care. A longitudinal study design using repeated measures was conducted to evaluate clinical outcomes and satisfaction with care of depressed clients treated by APPNs. The findings suggest that APPNs are highly effective in treating clients with depression and that clients are very satisfied with the care they receive from APPNs. PMID:23909670
Parrish, Evelyn; Peden, Ann; Staten, Ruth Topsy; Hall, Lynne; Danner, Fred
Correctional nursing: a study protocol to develop an educational intervention to optimize nursing practice in a unique context
Background Nurses are the primary healthcare providers in correctional facilities. A solid knowledge and expertise that includes the use of research evidence in clinical decision making is needed to optimize nursing practice and promote positive health outcomes within these settings. The institutional emphasis on custodial care within a heavily secured, regulated, and punitive environment presents unique contextual challenges for nursing practice. Subsequently, correctional nurses are not always able to obtain training or ongoing education that is required for broad scopes of practice. The purpose of the proposed study is to develop an educational intervention for correctional nurses to support the provision of evidence-informed care. Methods A two-phase mixed methods research design will be used. The setting will be three provincial correctional facilities. Phase one will focus on identifying nurses' scope of practice and practice needs, describing work environment characteristics that support evidence-informed practice and developing the intervention. Semi-structured interviews will be completed with nurses and nurse managers. To facilitate priorities for the intervention, a Delphi process will be used to rank the learning needs identified by participants. Based on findings, an online intervention will be developed. Phase two will involve evaluating the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention to inform a future experimental design. Discussion The context of provincial correctional facilities presents unique challenges for nurses' provision of care. This study will generate information to address practice and learning needs specific to correctional nurses. Interventions tailored to barriers and supports within specific contexts are important to enable nurses to provide evidence-informed care.
Using portfolios for clinical practice learning and assessment: the pre-registration nursing student's perspective.
Portfolios have been introduced to help to integrate theory and practice and thereby address the issue of the theory-practice divide. Although there has been much theoretical discussion about portfolio use in clinical placements, few studies have focused on the students' perceptions regarding their use. To obtain adult branch pre-registration nursing students' perspectives on using portfolios for their clinical practice learning and assessment, postal questionnaires were sent to 253 diploma of nursing students with a reminder to all students three weeks later. The response rate was 69% (174/253). This paper reports on the qualitative findings of the study, which employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. Although students stated that portfolios helped them in their development of self-awareness and independent learning, they indicated that portfolios do not sufficiently address the assessment of their clinical skills and the integration of theory and practice. They considered that portfolios could be greatly improved in three areas, namely in the conflict between using portfolios for both assessment and learning, the amount of support and guidance students feel they receive with their portfolio use and the portfolio design. PMID:18180078
McMullan, Miriam
Nurse practitioner perceptions of facilitators and constraints to practice.
The purpose of this study was to identify and explain conditions that served to constrain and/or facilitate the practice of Veterans Administration (VA) nurse practitioners (NPs). A 60% stratified random sample of all full-time VA NPs was surveyed. The sample represented NPs from the four hospital complexity levels and six geographic regions. A 92% response rate was obtained for a sample of 257 NPs. On the whole, VA NPs appeared to experience more facilitation than constraint. Areas that seemed to be especially positive for VA NPs were related to the direct delivery of care, and areas that interfered with their practice were related to administrative issues. NP practice is facilitated if there is a feeling of status, opportunity for professional growth, and NP personal satisfaction. Status can be influenced by independence in practice, support from top nurse administrators, and enough clerical support. Professional growth can be enhanced by providing opportunities for continuing education, research, physician back-up, and medical center committee membership. Personal satisfaction may be promoted through job security, independence in practice, fringe benefits, continuity of caseload, and opportunity for promotion. Throughout the analyses, independence repeatedly surfaced as an important criterion in the facilitation of NP practice. PMID:2498766
Ventura, M R; Feldman, M J; Crosby, F
Nurses' perceptions of medication safety and medication reconciliation practices.
Medication reconciliation (MR) involves the accurate transfer of medication information across the continuum of care. The aim of this study was to measure nurses perceptions of patient safety, medication safety and current MR practice at transition points in a patient's hospital stay. Surveys were distributed to 111 nursing staff in three general medicine units at Capital Health District, Nova Scotia, in August 2005. A total of 39 nurses (35% response rate) completed the survey. "Teamwork within units" was the safety culture dimension with the highest positive response (98.1%), while the processes of handoffs and transitions received the lowest positive response (42.8%). Key areas identified for improvement relative to the current level of MR practice include institutional patient safety systems (e.g., low confidence in existing systems and procedures), inconsistent practices (e.g., wide variation in whether community pharmacists are contacted to verify medication profiles), lack of communication (e.g., between healthcare professionals) and staffing resources (e.g., MR is perceived as a very time-consuming process). Addressing these challenges prior to implementing a formalized MR program should help to ensure success of the project. The insights gained through the use of this survey may prove valuable to other Canadian healthcare organizations that are implementing MR services. PMID:17039997
Chevalier, Bernadette A M; Parker, David S; MacKinnon, Neil J; Sketris, Ingrid
Intuition in Nursing Practice: Sharing Graduate Students' Exemplars with Undergraduate Students.
Graduate nursing students (n=21) wrote descriptions of how they used intuition in clinical practice. Undergraduates in a nursing research course used these exemplars to learn about content analysis and develop their own intuitive thinking. (SK)
Beck, Cheryl Tatano
Beyond Behavioral Skills to Human-Involved Processes: Relational Nursing Practice and Interpretive Pedagogy.
Behaviorist teaching of communication skills can interfere with learning of humanistic nursing. Interpretive inquiry can help students experience the transformative power for relationships and develop confidence and trust in their capacity for relational nursing practice. (Contains 20 references.) (SK)
Doane, Gweneth A. Hartrick
Education and implementing evidence-based nursing practice for diabetic patients
Background: Foot ulceration is one of the most common complications associated with diabetes that needs to be managed. In Iran, prevalence of diabetes foot ulcer is 3%. According to studies, evidence-based nursing (EBN) is an effective alternative to facilitate clinical decision making in patient care and may lead to quality improvement in nursing practice. The aims of this study are to assess the effects of EBN education on the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses who take care of patient with diabetes foot ulcer. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study (based on IOWA model as a framework to improve nursing practice) was conducted using a before-and-after design. All of nurses (consisted of 19 baccalaureate nurses) who are working in an endocrinology ward were chosen and taught using EBN approach through different workshops. Before and after educational intervention, the data about nurses' knowledge, attitude, and practice were gathered by questionnaire and then compared. The nurses' performance in patient care was evaluated in 3 months by one checklist. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: There were statistically significant differences in knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses before and after intervention (P = 0.001). The nurses' performance in caring for patient with diabetes foot ulcer, based on clinical guideline, showed the improvement in clinical practice. Conclusion: Education of EBN can improve the nurse's knowledge and attitude to EBN, and be used as a basis on which to influence the professional practice of nursing.
Varaei, Shokoh; Salsali, Mahvash; Cheraghi, Mohammad Ali; Tehrani, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri; Heshmat, Ramin
Beginning the recovery journey in acute psychiatric care: using concepts from Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory.
A national agenda has been established for mental health systems to move toward a recovery model of care. Recovery principles are embedded in the foundations of nursing science and practice. Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT) is in alignment with the ideals of recovery and can provide a structure for changing cultures on inpatient psychiatric units. SCDNT can guide research activities that link a patient's self-care abilities to improved recovery model outcomes. This paradigm shift is an opportunity for psychiatric nursing to return to its roots and deliver care that is patient-centered and conducive to recovering from mental illness. PMID:22646204
Seed, Mary S; Torkelson, Diane J
Nursing as 'disobedient' practice: care of the nurse's self, parrhesia, and the dismantling of a baseless paradox.
In this paper, I discuss nurses' ongoing difficulty in engaging with politics and address the persistent belief that political positioning is antithetical to quality nursing care. I suggest that nurses are not faced with choosing either caring for their patients or engaging with politics. I base my discussion on the assumption that such dichotomy is meaningless and that engaging with issues of relationships firmly grounds nursing in the realm of politics. I argue that the ethical merit of nursing care relies instead on positioning nurses squarely at the centre of care activities, experiences, and functions. Such positioning makes possible what Foucault called 'practices of self-formation', that is, micro-level processes that balance out the ubiquitous economic, cultural, legal, and scientific technologies that steadily constitute subjects in this era of modernity. Nurses, then, become not a group that needs to be controlled and governed, but individuals who must care for their self before they may care for anyone else. PMID:23745657
Perron, Amélie
Medical Ethics Research Between Theory and Practice
The main object of criticism of present-day medical ethics is the standard view of the relationship between theory and practice. Medical ethics is more than the application of moral theories and principles, and health care is more than the domain of application of moral theories. Moral theories and principles are necessarily abstract, and therefore fail to take account of the
Henk A. M. J. Ten Have; Annique Lelie
Work Motivation: Theory and Practice.
A review of the literature was conducted to identify and describe the characteristics of four major work motivation theories: expectancy theory, reinforcement theory, goal setting, and job design. The relationship of incentives, feedback, and job satisfac...
G. Kress B. Sharon D. Bassan
The challenges of communicating research evidence in practice: perspectives from UK health visitors and practice nurses
Background Health practitioners play a pivotal role in providing patients with up-to-date evidence and health information. Evidence-based practice and patient-centred care are transforming the delivery of healthcare in the UK. Health practitioners are increasingly balancing the need to provide evidence-based information against that of facilitating patient choice, which may not always concur with the evidence base. There is limited research exploring how health practitioners working in the UK, and particularly those more autonomous practitioners such as health visitors and practice nurses working in community practice settings, negotiate this challenge. This research provides a descriptive account of how health visitors and practice nurses negotiate the challenges of communicating health information and research evidence in practice. Methods A total of eighteen in-depth telephone interviews were conducted in the UK between September 2008 and May 2009. The participants comprised nine health visitors and nine practice nurses, recruited via adverts on a nursing website, posters at a practitioner conference and through recommendation. Thematic analysis, with a focus on constant comparative method, was used to analyse the data. Results The data were grouped into three main themes: communicating evidence to the critically-minded patient; confidence in communicating evidence; and maintaining the integrity of the patient-practitioner relationship. These findings highlight some of the daily challenges that health visitors and practice nurses face with regard to the complex and dynamic nature of evidence and the changing attitudes and expectations of patients. The findings also highlight the tensions that exist between differing philosophies of evidence-based practice and patient-centred care, which can make communicating about evidence a daunting task. Conclusions If health practitioners are to be effective at communicating research evidence, we suggest that more research and resources need to be focused on contextual factors, such as how research evidence is negotiated, appraised and communicated within the dynamic patient-practitioner relationship.
Life-prolonging treatment in nursing homes: how do physicians and nurses describe and justify their own practice?
BackgroundMaking the right decisions, while simultaneously showing respect for patient autonomy, represents a great challenge to nursing home staff in the issues of life-prolonging treatment, hydration, nutrition and hospitalisation to dying patents in end-of-life.ObjectivesTo study how physicians and nurses protect nursing home patients' autonomy in end-of-life decisions, and how they justify their practice.DesignA qualitative descriptive design with analysis of the
A. Dreyer; R. Forde; P. Nortvedt
The need to develop nursing practice through innovation and practice change.
This paper examines some of the strategies that can be used to produce change in nursing. These strategies range from the power-coercive through rational-empirical to the normative-re-educative. Strategies that promote a 'bottom-up' approach are advocated for clinical nursing and some of the principal factors towards success, such as team building, the presence of a clinical leader and planning are indicated. The paper will also expand on what needs to be changed in nursing, and what the purpose of such changes are. It is argued that externally focused efforts of change, such as the organization of care or new practices are only part of the picture. The journey of change also requires an inner exploration of who we are and what are we seeking to achieve in nursing. PMID:9265608
Wright, S G
Health as expanding consciousness: a nursing perspective for grounded theory research.
Margaret Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness provides an excellent nursing perspective for nursing grounded theory research studies. Application of this nursing theory to grounded theory research provides a unitary-transformative paradigm perspective to the sociological underpinnings of grounded theory methodology. The fit between this particular nursing theory and grounded theory methodology is apparent when purpose, timing, process, and health outcomes of the two are compared. In this column, the theory of health as expanding consciousness is described and the theory's research as praxis methodology is compared to grounded theory methodology. This is followed by a description of how the theory of health as expanding consciousness can be utilized as a perspective for nursing grounded theory research. PMID:21742707
Brown, Janet Witucki
Competency development in new registered nurse graduates: closing the gap between education and practice.
The gap between a new registered nurse graduate's education for practice and actual practice requirements of new registered nurses has long been an accepted fact in nursing. This article describes the development of an intervention from the academic side of the gap to improve the competency of nursing students before graduation. The intervention is noteworthy because it was developed collaboratively between academia and practice. The three-pronged intervention included development of learning modules based on the top 10 high-risk, high-volume patient conditions; faculty and staff educator development in learning strategies to enhance competency development; and sharing of products with the 84 schools of nursing in Texas. PMID:18323143
Burns, Paulette; Poster, Elizabeth C
Malaysian nurses' skin care practices of preterm infants: experience vs. knowledge.
This study sought to explore the impact of Malaysian nurses' perceptions, knowledge and experiences in preterm infant skin care practices using a descriptive approach. Questionnaires were distributed to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) nurses in one teaching hospital in Malaysia. A knowledge gap was revealed among nurses in both theoretical and practical knowledge of preterm infant skin. Nurses working for more than 5 years in NICU or having a Neonatal Nursing Certificate (NNC) were not predictors of having adequate knowledge of preterm infants' skin care. The results highlight the complex issue of providing effective skin care to preterm infants. However, a specific finding related to nurses' confidence provides some direction for future practice and research initiatives. Clear clinical evidence-based guidelines and Continuing Nursing Education on relevant topics of preterm infants' care may provide the required knowledge for the nurses. PMID:24713015
Mohamed, Zainah; Newton, Jennifer Margaret; Lau, Rosalind
Coaching to promote professional development in nursing practice.
This article presents coaching, which facilitates the highest form of learning, as a potential strategy for promoting professional development in nursing. In doing so, it sets out what coaching is and highlights its benefits in terms of team building, adaptation to changes, career planning and professional development. Having established the rudiments of coaching and identifying its qualities, the article then sets out strategies of coaching using three models: the 3-D Technique Model, The Practice Spiral Model and The Grow Model. Three case histories are presented to explain how these models could be used to implement coaching and personal learning plans (PLP). Directions are provided where training for coaching is available. It is concluded that coaching can be a powerful tool in enhancing nurses' and other health professionals' ability to contribute to the success of healthcare organisations. PMID:24933546
Narayanasamy, Aru; Penney, Vivian
Nursing Students as Change Agents and Problem Solvers in the Community: Community-based Nursing Education in Practice.
A nursing school operates nine community nursing centers in which students practice community-based learning and act as problem solvers and change agents. Examples include effecting systemwide change in school health services, coordinating multiple agencies to meet a health need, and solving a patient's complex problems involving multiple…
Kiehl, Ermalynn M.; Wink, Diane M.
Advanced practice nursing for enduring health needs management: a global perspective.
Advanced practice nursing expertise has been acknowledged worldwide as one response to the challenges arising from changes in society and health care. The roots of advanced practice nursing education are at the University of Colorado where the first known programme started in 1965. In many countries advanced practice nurses (APNs) have taken responsibility for routine patient care formerly carried out by physicians in order to reduce their workload. However, more and more, APNs have taken responsibility for new service areas and quality programmes not previously provided. Chronic disease management is one of these new service areas because long-term diseases are increasingly challenging service systems globally. This article is based on an international APN partnership. The aim of the article is to describe how the partnership will design a 15 ECTS credit course on Enduring Health Need Management as a cross-cultural collaborative endeavour. The adaptation of an inquiry based learning framework will be described drawing on four main principles of the theory: authentic learning communities; student encouragement in analysing gradually more complicated problems; networking in knowledge creation and; student engagement and activity. The cross-cultural online course aims to increase APNs' intercultural competence as well as their global and international work orientation. PMID:21839552
Koskinen, Liisa; Mikkonen, Irma; Graham, Iain; Norman, Linda D; Richardson, Jim; Savage, Eileen; Schorn, Mavis
European cardiac nurses' current practice and knowledge on anticoagulation therapy.
Background: Successful management of warfarin, new anti-thrombotic agents and self-monitoring devices requires that health care professionals effectively counsel and educate patients. Previous studies indicate that health care professionals do not always have the knowledge to provide patients with the correct information. Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate European cardiovascular nurses' knowledge on the overall management of anticoagulation therapy and examine if this knowledge was influenced by level of education and years in clinical practice. Methods: A questionnaire including 47 items on practice patterns and knowledge on warfarin, new anticoagulants, warfarin-drug and warfarin-food interactions, and self-management of International Normalized Ratio (INR) was distributed to the attendants at a European conference in 2012. Results: The response rate was 32% (n=206), of whom 84% reported having direct patient contact. Warfarin was the most common used oral anticoagulation in daily practice. One third offered their patients both patient self-testing and patient self-management of INR. The mean total score on the knowledge questions was 28±6 (maximum possible score 53). Nurses in direct patient care had a higher mean score (p=0.011). Knowledge on warfarin and medication-interactions were low, but knowledge on warfarin-diet interactions and how to advise patients on warfarin as somewhat better. Conclusion: European cardiac nurses need to improve their knowledge and practice patterns on oral anticoagulation therapy. This area of knowledge is important in order to deliver optimal care to cardiac patients and to minimise adverse effects of the treatment. PMID:23711557
Oterhals, Kjersti; Deaton, Christi; De Geest, Sabina; Jaarsma, Tiny; Lenzen, Mattie; Moons, Philip; Mĺrtensson, Jan; Smith, Karen; Stewart, Simon; Strömberg, Anna; Thompson, David R; Norekvĺl, Tone M
The professional nursing practice environment and nurse-reported job outcomes in two European countries: a survey of nurses in Finland and the Netherlands.
The working environment of nurses is receiving international interest, because there is a growing consensus that identifying opportunities for improving working conditions in hospitals is essential to maintain adequate staffing, high-quality care, nurses' job satisfaction and hence their retention. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between nurse work environment characteristics and nurse-reported job outcomes in hospital settings in Finland and the Netherlands and to compare these results. A comparative cross-sectional nurse survey was conducted. Data were collected from the two countries randomly sampling the countries' National Nurses Association' membership databases. In this paper, the results from Registered Nurses working in hospital settings are used. In total, 869 hospital nurses participated: 535 from Finland and 334 from the Netherlands with the response rate of 44.9 and 33.4%, respectively. Fifty-five items from the Nursing Work Index-Revised were used as a main tool for the practice environment. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify a set of internally consistent subscales. Further, logistic regression analysis and T-tests were used. Three practice environment characteristics were identified: adequacy of resources, supportiveness of management and assurance of care quality via collaborative relationships. Favourable evaluations of the adequacy of resources and supportiveness of management were positively correlated with nurse-assessed quality of care and job-related positive feelings and negatively correlated with intentions to leave a unit, organization or the entire profession. In neither of the participating countries were adverse incidents affecting nurses related to nurses' evaluations of their current professional practice environment. Compared with Finland, in the Netherlands, RN appears to evaluate the majority of work environment characteristics more positively; nevertheless, to some extent, the results were uniform as adequacy of resources and supportiveness of management were main predictors for nurse-reported job outcomes considered. PMID:22032723
Hinno, Saima; Partanen, Pirjo; Vehviläinen-Julkunen, Katri
Nurse residency programs: an evidence-based review of theory, process, and outcomes.
Nursing shortages exist worldwide while job stress, dissatisfaction, lack of peer support and limited professional opportunities still contribute to attrition. The aim of this systematic review is to describe and evaluate the quality of the science, report recommendations and lessons learned about implementing and evaluating nurse residency programs (NRPs) designed to improve new graduate transitioning. Databases were searched between 1980 and 2010 using five search terms: nurse, intern, extern, transition and residency programs. Twenty studies reporting programs for new RNs fit the inclusion criteria. Three major discoveries include: 1. Wide variation in content, teaching and learning strategies make comparison across programs difficult; 2. Lack of theory in designing the educational intervention has limited the selection and development of new instruments to measure program effectiveness; and 3. Well designed quasi-experimental studies are needed. As a major nursing education redesign, NRPs could be used to test the principles, concepts and strategies of organizational transformation and experiential-interactive learning theory. By focusing on fiscal outcomes, current administrators of NRPs are missing the opportunity to implement an organizational strategy that could improve workplace environments. Healthcare organizations need to envision NRPs as a demonstration of positive clinical learning environments that can enhance intra- and interprofessional education and practice. PMID:22818190
Anderson, Gwen; Hair, Carole; Todero, Catherine
The Practice Boundaries of Advanced Practice Nurses: An Economic and Legal Analysis
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of State regulation that determines the extent of professional independence of advanced practice nurses (APNs). We find that in States where APNs have acquired a substantial amount of professional independence, the earnings of APNs are substantially lower, and those of physicians' assistants (PAs) are substantially higher, than in other States.
Michael J. Dueker; Ada K. Jacox; David E. Kalist; Stephen J. Spurr
Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and invasive procedures: Practices of critical care and emergency nurses
Background: Increasingly, Patients' Families Are Remaining With Them During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation And Invasive Procedures, But This Practice Remains Controversial And Little Is Known About The Practices Of Critical Care And Emergency Nurses Related To Family Presence. Objective: To Identify The Policies, Preferences, And Practices Of Critical Care And Emergency Nurses For Having Patients' Families Present During Resuscitation And Invasive Procedures.
Susan L. MacLean; Cathie E. Guzzetta; Cheri White; Dorrie Fontaine; Dezra J. Eichhorn; Theresa A. Meyers; Pierre Désy
Supporting student nurses learning in and through clinical practice: the role of the clinical guide
Practice learning is an important part of the curriculum and accounts for approximately 50% of the pre-qualifying nursing programme in the United Kingdom. However, the nature of practice learning is very often ill defined, and mentors and nurse teachers apply a range of models to enhance learning in practice settings.Supporting students to learn is an important function for both educators
Debbie Roberts
The classification systems of nursing practice--the historical and practical perspective.
The contribution into activities connected with the development of the quality of nursing care is closely combined with the process of systematic recording of accumulated data, of undertaken activities and achieved results. This in turn constitutes the essence of the 31st Aim of WHO which speaks not only about the need to continue the rational contribution towards the increase in the nursing care quality but also the application of adequate computer technologies to improve this quality. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the scope and character of the activities that have been over years undertaken by the nursing community towards the development of the classification systems which are comparable with those used in medicine. The focus has been specifically put on the taxonomy of diagnosis used by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) and the European International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP). The analysis of the reference sources constitutes the methodological foundation applied in this work. It has allowed to show the pioneering contribution of the American Nursing Association (ANA) into the process of recording and coding of the data that are essential in care delivery as well as their value for the development of ICNP. The latter one is a systematic and multi-axial structure which uses unified terminology and numeric codes for the three categories of variables: the recognized conditions, the undertaken activities and the achieved results. PMID:15323192
Górajek-Jó?wik, Jolanta
Developing an advanced practice nurse-led liver clinic.
End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is a leading cause of digestive disease deaths in the United States and continues to increase exponentially every year. Best practice does not currently recognize or utilize a clinic practice model for ESLD management. Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) can impact ESLD disease management by implementing an outpatient clinic care model to focus on treatment compliance, patient education, improvement of patient outcomes, and reduction in hospital admission rates for ESLD patients. A review of 15 research articles was completed to determine the impact APRNs can make on chronic care of ESLD patients. Results from the review support APRN analysis, assessment, diagnosis, treatment, intervention, and evaluation of ESLD patients. The literature reviewed also demonstrates that ESLD patients have improved symptom management when maintained in an outpatient setting, allowing for decreased hospital and insurance expenditures. Following evaluation of the evidence, it was concluded that an APRN-led ESLD clinic merits further study. PMID:22647802
McAfee, Jean L
Current nursing practice for patients on oral chemotherapy: a multicenter survey in Japan
Background With a paradigm shift toward a chronic care model in cancer, the issue of adherence is becoming increasingly important in oncology. Methods We mailed two self-reported surveys on current nursing practices for patients on oral chemotherapy to all 309 designated cancer centers and 141 large general hospitals in Japan. The first survey was based on a nurse-based questionnaire containing 40 items concerning nurse's characteristics, nurse staffing at workplace, general nursing care for new patients on oral chemotherapy and those with refilled prescriptions, follow-up, and system-based approach. The second survey was based on a patient-based questionnaire containing 10 items about patient characteristics and adherence-related nursing practice for 249 patients taking oral chemotherapy of 903 systematically sampled. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify factors that were associated with adherence-related nursing practices. Results A total of 62 nurses (mean age: 41.5 years) from 62 hospitals who consented participated in the both nurse-based survey and patient-based survey about 249 patients. The results of nurse-based survey indicated that practices varied, but nurses were less likely to ask adherence-related questions of patients with refilled prescriptions than of new patients. The results of patient-based survey found that questions on side effects, discussions about barriers to achieving balance between treatment and daily life activities, and medication management were all significantly related to the question about unused medicines. Logistic regression revealed that adherence-related nursing practices were associated with the nurse's background, type of treatment, and healthcare system-related factors. Patient orientation on oral chemotherapy, interdisciplinary learning, and having a system-based approach for detecting prescription errors were identified as healthcare system-related factors. Conclusions A more systematic approach must be developed to ensure patients receive safe and effective oral chemotherapy, while nurses should play significant roles in patient education and monitoring.
Factors influencing intentions to integrate tobacco education among advanced practice nursing faculty.
We report on the findings of a national survey that examined factors that influence faculty's intentions to integrate tobacco education in their advanced practice nursing curricula. The addiction component of tobacco use is taking its toll on the health of 48 million smokers in the United States. Several national health authorities recommend and/or mandate that tobacco prevention and tobacco cessation be addressed at every point of entry in the health care delivery system. However, there is increasing evidence that health care providers may not be adequately prepared to meet national goals and/or standards. One hundred sixty-one advanced practice nursing faculty in the United States completed an 88-item survey regarding external factors (e.g., personal history of tobacco use, clinical practice, and current tobacco topics taught) and components of the Theory of Reasoned Action model (including perceived self-efficacy, behavioral beliefs, subjective norms, and control beliefs related to tobacco education). Descriptive statistics, chi(2) analysis, Pearson correlation, and linear regression were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that sex (chi(2) = 7.949, P = .024), level of education (chi(2) = 26.853, P = .0005), years of academic teaching (chi(2) = 19.418, P = .013), and combined clinical and course responsibility (chi(2) = 10.430, P = .0236) were significant external (demographic) factors and that behavioral beliefs (attitude about tobacco education) demonstrated the strongest relationship with intention scores (r = 0.876, P < .0005). Overall, 62.7% of nurse practitioners reported high scores (>or=5, on a scale of 1-7) for intentions to integrate tobacco education, as compared with 37.5% of nurse midwives, 30.3% of clinical nurse specialists, and 8.7% of nurse anesthetists. This study adds to the growing body of evidence that nursing curricular gaps with tobacco education exist and that national efforts are needed to ensure that widespread changes occur to help reduce the morbidity and mortality related to tobacco use. PMID:17675113
Heath, Janie; Crowell, Nancy A
Addressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Advanced Practice Nursing Education.
A survey of 23 advanced practice nursing programs showed only 3 had HIV-specific graduate-level nursing courses. Recommendations were made for HIV-specific courses, integration of HIV content into other courses, use of Centers for Disease Control and Occupational Safety and Health Administration guidelines, and subspecialties in HIV nursing. (SK)
Nokes, Kathleen M.; Stein, Gary L.
Family Nursing Practice, Education, and ResearchWhat Is Happening in Thailand?
This article highlights 20 years of family nursing development and evolution in Thailand in the areas of education, practice, and research. The progress of family nursing in Thailand has been impressive and steady despite the challenges of nursing policy, conceptualization controversies, and knowledge transfer. One of the most unique and hopeful developments has been the establishment of health centers that
Chintana Wacharasin; Suntharawadee Theinpichet
Tackling complex problems, building evidence for practice, and educating doctoral nursing students to manage the tension.
The mandate for evidence-based practice (EBP) arose in response to, among other catalysts, several Institute of Medicine reports beginning in the late 1990s. At the same time, the National Institutes of Health and others have recognized that the most complex, important, and challenging problems, termed "wicked problems," are inherently transdisciplinary and require thinking beyond the limits of existing theories. When nursing students are prepared for EBP, they operate within a fairly stable set of assumptions and they exercise a past orientation. Wicked problem-solving occurs within a context that is characterized as dynamic and ambiguous and requires a future orientation to imagine potential solutions to questions of "what if?" Both skills, EBP, and wicked problem-solving, are essential within the discipline of nursing. Students at all levels need to understand when each scientific approach is required. PhD students must be prepared to participate in wicked problem-solving. PMID:23402781
Sharts-Hopko, Nancy C
A multilevel analysis of the effects of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index on nurse outcomes.
Few researchers have examined how the components of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) relate to nurses' well-being at multiple organizational levels. The objective of the study was to perform a multilevel assessment of the relationships of the PES-NWI subscales with three nurse outcomes: job satisfaction, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions. Additionally, we tested the multilevel factor structure of the PES-NWI. In a sample of 699 full-time registered nurses in 79 units and 9 branches of a hospital system, relationships of the NWI with nurse outcomes were fairly consistent across levels of analysis. However, subscales contributed differently to the three outcomes, demonstrating the complexity of environmental influences on nurses' work experience. PMID:24122833
Gabriel, Allison S; Erickson, Rebecca J; Moran, Christina M; Diefendorff, James M; Bromley, Gail E
Voices That Care: Licensed Practical Nurses and the Emotional Labour Underpinning Their Collaborative Interactions with Registered Nurses
Recognizing the emotional labour underlying interprofessional collaborations (IPCs) could be considered a crucial step towards building a cohesive nursing team. Although IPCs between registered nurses (RNs) and licensed practical nurses (LPNs) have been linked to quality nursing care, little is known about the emotions experienced by LPNs during their interactions with RNs or those factors that influence IPCs. A questionnaire administered to 309?LPNs found that (1) the professional identity of LPNs has evolved into a that of a unique social group; (2) LPNs define IPC as an interpersonal process of exploring similar or dissimilar assessments of a patient's status with RNs and, together, establishing a course of nursing actions; (3) the primary organizational factor facilitating IPCs is inclusive nursing leadership; (4) the interpersonal factor promoting IPCs is the level of trust RNs extend to LPNs; and (5) an LPN's emotional labour (i.e., internal emotional regulation) is most tangible during uncollaborative interactions with RNs.
Huynh, Truc; Alderson, Marie; Nadon, Michelle; Kershaw-Rousseau, Sylvia
Integrating Practice-to-Theory and Theory-to-Practice
In "Towards a systemic theory of gifted education", Ziegler and Phillipson offer a useful critique of current research and the current paradigm in gifted education. They provide an interesting and useful merging of systems theory with their actiotope model, and using this paradigm they suggest many fruitful areas for future research. However, the…
Johnson, R. Burke; Stefurak, Tres
The Relationship between Theory and Practice.
Considers the problem of taking theories into the classroom. Suggests a re-examination of the relationship between theory and practice. Concludes that theories should not be criticized if they cannot be readily applied to instructional goals, and should not be expected to do more than they set out to do. (JAD)
Weiser, Irwin
A Case Study of a Longstanding Online Community of Practice Involving Critical Care and Advanced Practice Nurses
The aims of this study are: (1) to examine to what extent critical care and advanced practice nurses' participation in an online listserv constituted a community of practice, and (2) to explore how the nurses use electronic media to communicate with one another. Findings suggest that the online listserv environment, as a whole, did function as an online community of
Noriko Hara; Khe Foon Hew
Tidewater Regional Model for Articulation and Coordination of Nursing Education. Task Analyses Guides for Licensed Practical Nurses Pursuing an Associate Degree in Nursing.
This instructional guide includes the curriculum for two complete and separate courses to be taught at the associate degree level. The first six units of the guide are the course content for a 2-3 semester hour course, "Transition from Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) to Associate Degree Nursing (ADN)." The entire content of the guide, 19 units in…
Norfolk Public Schools, VA.
Organizational climate and hospital nurses' caring practices: a mixed-methods study.
Organizational climate in healthcare settings influences patient outcomes, but its effect on nursing care delivery remains poorly understood. In this mixed-methods study, nurse surveys (N?=?292) were combined with a qualitative case study of 15 direct-care registered nurses (RNs), nursing personnel, and managers. Organizational climate explained 11% of the variation in RNs' reported frequency of caring practices. Qualitative data suggested that caring practices were affected by the interplay of organizational climate dimensions with patients and nurses characteristics. Workload intensity and role ambiguity led RNs to leave many caring practices to practical nurses and assistive personnel. Systemic interventions are needed to improve organizational climate and to support RNs' involvement in a full range of caring practices. PMID:24729389
Roch, Genevičve; Dubois, Carl-Ardy; Clarke, Sean P
Humanist ideology and nurse education. I. Humanist educational theory.
Nurse education is dominated by the humanist perspective and the educational theory that it generates. Following a brief description of the perspective's phenomenological foundations and definition of humanist ideology, humanist educational theory is illustrated in an outline of the key contributions of John Dewey, Carl Rogers, Malcolm Knowles and Paulo Freire. The article concludes by noting Freire's sociological challenge to the individualism of the humanist perspective. This challenge recognizes the ideological and social control role of education in securing the reproduction of power relations and leads to questioning the function of individualism and the interests that humanist ideology may serve. PMID:9277158
Purdy, M
The transition from student to new registered nurse in professional practice.
This qualitative study presents the transition experience of new registered nurses during the first year of professional practice. Four themes emerged: feelings of frustration and being overwhelmed, preceptors, fear, and the orientation process. The orientation process, quality, competent preceptors, and reducing lateral violence are key strategies to successfully retain new nurses. Nurse educators have a crucial role during nurse orientation, training preceptors, and reducing violent behaviors in the workplace. PMID:22992640
Thomas, Cynthia M; Bertram, Evelyn; Allen, Roberta L
Developing the nursing care plans using the "master file of standardized nursing practice terminology" in Japan.
A common language in nursing facilitates better communication among nurses and healthcare team, assuring better nursing care, hence better patient outcomes. As we developed and disseminated the standardized terminology of nursing which provided nurses with a set of terms to describe nursing observations and nursing actions, we developed a certain number of nursing care plans using the terms in it. The nursing care plans included those for the patients requiring medical (pharmaceutical)/surgical procedures or the patients showing some signs and symptoms. Generally, nurses found that the nursing care plans were useful and flexible enough to allow for the modification according to the needs of each individual patient. In conclusion, the nursing care plans based on the standardized terminology showed its relevance to the clinical settings. PMID:23920989
Wako, Fumiko; Tsuru, Satoko; Omori, Miho; Watanabe, Chitose; Uchiyama, Makiko; Asada, Miwa; Inoue, Kikumi
Understanding Jordanian Psychiatric Nurses' Smoking Behaviors: A Grounded Theory Study
Purpose. Smoking is prevalent in psychiatric facilities among staff and patients. However, there have been few studies of how contextual factors in specific cultures influence rates of smoking and the health promotion role of psychiatric nurses. This paper reports the findings of a classical grounded theory study conducted to understand how contextual factors in the workplace influences the smoking behaviors of Jordanian psychiatric nurses (JPNs). Method. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a sample of eight male JPNs smokers at a psychiatric facility in Amman, Jordan. Findings. Constant comparative analysis identified becoming a heavy smoker as a psychosocial process characterized by four sub-categories: normalization of smoking; living in ambiguity; experiencing workplace conflict; and, facing up to workplace stressors. Conclusion. Specific contextual workplace factors require targeted smoking cessation interventions if JPNs are to receive the help they need to reduce health risks associated with heavy smoking.
Aldiabat, Khaldoun M.; Clinton, Michael
Integrating Social Theory Into Public Health Practice
The innovative practice that resulted from the Ottawa Charter challenges public health knowledge about programming and evaluation. Specifically, there is a need to formulate program theory that embraces social determinants of health and local actors' mobilization for social change. Likewise, it is imperative to develop a theory of evaluation that fosters reflexive understanding of public health programs engaged in social change. We believe advances in contemporary social theory that are founded on a critique of modernity and that articulate a coherent theory of practice should be considered when addressing these critical challenges.
Potvin, Louise; Gendron, Sylvie; Bilodeau, Angele; Chabot, Patrick
Ethical Codes of Nursing and the Practical Necessity in Iran
Nursing is a universal health care necessity. Nursing profession, similar to the other medical professions, is responsible to maintain public health promotion, prevent diseases, and also care and rehabilitate client, family and the society. The inher- ent nature of nursing is respect for moral values and human rights. However, clinical ethical dilemmas occur for nurses at all levels, not always
M Sanjari; F Zahedi; B Larijani
Behavior Modification: Theory and Practice
Attempts to give some idea of how reinforcement and other learning principles work in practice with students in ordinary schools by using as reference three workshops for teachers run by educational psychologists in Birmingham in 1975. (Author/RK)
Presland, John
Organizational dimensions of hospital nursing practice: longitudinal results.
Assessment of nurses' perceptions regarding key aspects of their work environment informs nurse administrators and helps keep a finger on the organizational pulse so that they can plan effectively for staffing needs and quality care. Longitudinal assessment of nurses' perceptions of the realities of the work environment is even more critical to inform nurse administrators for decision making and planning, especially during turbulent times. The authors report on a hospital's experience in selecting, evaluating, and, at times, discarding instruments to attain the best information on their nurses' perceptions regarding their work environment. These longitudinal findings can help nurse administrators design a more positive work environment for their nurses. PMID:15632751
Martin, Patricia A; Gustin, Tammy J; Uddin, David E; Risner, Phyllis
Pain management knowledge, attitudes and clinical practice: The impact of nurses' characteristics and education
This study examined the knowattitudes, and clinical practice of registered nurses (N = 120) regarding paint management Data were collected from nine varied clinical units in a large, univasity-effiliaated teaching hospital to an urban area of the Northeast. Demogrohic information was also collected to explore the relationship between nurses' characteristics, including previous pain education, clinical experience, area of clinical practice,
Ellen B. Clarke; Brian French; Mary Liz Bilodeau; Virginia C. Capasso; Annabel Edwards; Joanne Empoliti
Nurses joining family doctors in primary care practices: perceptions of patients with multimorbidity
BACKGROUND: Among the strategies used to reform primary care, the participation of nurses in primary care practices appears to offer a promising avenue to better meet the needs of vulnerable patients. The present study explores the perceptions and expectations of patients with multimorbidity regarding nurses' presence in primary care practices. METHODS: 18 primary (health) care patients with multimorbidity participated in
Martin Fortin; Catherine Hudon; Frances Gallagher; Antoine L Ntetu; Danielle Maltais; Hassan Soubhi
Vocational Choice and Satisfactions of Licensed Practical Nurses. League Exchange No. 87.
This study explores factors characterizing persons who have selected practical nursing as a career, the satisfactions of those who have remained in the field, and the reasons some individuals have left. All 1,139 graduates of the 12 1-year practical nurse programs in Minnesota for the years 1955, 1960, and 1964 were sent questionnaires, and 1,001…
Treece, Eleanor Mae Walters
Graduate registered nurse practice readiness in the Australian context: an issue worthy of discussion.
An ageing Australian population coupled with declining nursing numbers is predicted to have a significant impact on the Australian Healthcare industry, with numbers of nurses expected to be in greater demand at a time when the need for nursing care is on the rise. The report released recently by Health Workforce Australia predicted a potential shortage of approximately 110,000 nurses by 2025. In Queensland alone, the Queensland Nursing Union estimates the shortage of nurses to be closer to 10,000 positions by 2016 and 14,000 positions by 2020 based on the anticipated Queensland Health hospital expansions. The Commonwealth Government has responded by increasing funding to train more registered nurses across Australia. Hence a significant number of graduate registered nurses are expected and required to join the workforce. However, an analysis of the literature reveals that opinions differ between clinicians and education providers as to whether recently graduated registered nurses are adequately prepared for the challenges of the current healthcare system. Even though much research has been done in Australia on the issue of transition support programmes, graduate registered nurses' transition to practice remains problematic and is perceived to pose a significant challenge to healthcare industry. This paper contributes to the contemporary discourse on graduate registered nurses' practice readiness at a time when a forecasted nursing shortage, the difficulties in accessing sufficient quality clinical placements and the need for fiscal responsibility pose added challenges to education providers and the healthcare industry. PMID:24596992
El Haddada, May; Moxham, Lorna; Broadbent, Marc
The ethics and practical importance of defining, distinguishing and disclosing nursing errors: a discussion paper.
Nurses globally are required and expected to report nursing errors. As is clearly demonstrated in the international literature, fulfilling this requirement is not, however, without risks. In this discussion paper, the notion of 'nursing error', the practical and moral importance of defining, distinguishing and disclosing nursing errors and how a distinct definition of 'nursing error' fits with the new 'system approach' to human-error management in health care are critiqued. Drawing on international literature and two key case exemplars from the USA and Australia, arguments are advanced to support the view that although it is 'right' for nurses to report nursing errors, it will be very difficult for them to do so unless a non-punitive approach to nursing-error management is adopted. PMID:15979075
Johnstone, Megan-Jane; Kanitsaki, Olga
Nursing Minimum Data Set for School Nursing Practice. Position Statement. Revised
It is the position of the National Association of School Nurses (NASN) to support the collection of essential nursing data as listed in the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS). The NMDS provides a basic structure to identify the data needed to delineate nursing care delivered to clients as well as relevant characteristics of those clients. Structure…
Nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes - application and impact on nursing practice: systematic review
AIM: This paper reports a systematic review on the outcomes of nursing diagnostics. Specifically, it examines effects on documentation of assessment quality; frequency, accuracy and completeness of nursing diagnoses; and on coherence between nursing diagnoses, interventions and outcomes. BACKGROUND: Escalating healthcare costs demand the measurement of nursing's contribution to care. Use of standardized terminologies facilitates this measurement. Although several studies
Maria Müller-Staub; Mary Ann Lavin; Ian Needham; Theo van Achterberg
Assistant practitioners: lessons learned from licensed practical nurses.
The role of the assistant practitioner (AP) needs to be defined so they have clear career pathways and opportunities for professional development. The author sought to learn from other countries where a sustained effort had been made to support practitioners fulfilling this intermediate role. The equivalent of an AP in Canada is the licensed practical nurse (LPN); LPNs are subject to clear regulation and practice within their remit of their license. The author travelled to Alberta, Canada, and performed a qualitative study to investigate the role of the LPN. LPNs undertake a 2-year diploma-level course and have the opportunity to enhance their careers through specialist courses or to train as a RN. LPNs benefit from careful regulation, enabling them to have a clear scope of practice, a career structure with opportunities for development and consistent ethical standards. Lessons can be learned from the LPN model and put in practice in the UK; APs need a consistent education programme, a career pathway that promotes development and effective regulation. PMID:23123896
Whittingham, Katrina
Self-Directed Learning: Emerging Theory & Practice.
This book contains the following collection of papers: "Self-Directed Learning: Emerging Theory and Practice" (Long); "Self-Directed Orientation toward Learning: A Learning Style" (Bonham); "Self-Direction and Problem Solving: Theory and Method" (Peters); "Facilitating Self-Directed Learning: Not a Contradiction in Terms" (Garrison); "Development…
Long, Huey B.; And Others
Web-Based Virtual Patients in Nursing Education: Development and Validation of Theory-Anchored Design and Activity Models
Background Research has shown that nursing students find it difficult to translate and apply their theoretical knowledge in a clinical context. Virtual patients (VPs) have been proposed as a learning activity that can support nursing students in their learning of scientific knowledge and help them integrate theory and practice. Although VPs are increasingly used in health care education, they still lack a systematic consistency that would allow their reuse outside of their original context. There is therefore a need to develop a model for the development and implementation of VPs in nursing education. Objective The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a virtual patient model optimized to the learning and assessment needs in nursing education. Methods The process of modeling started by reviewing theoretical frameworks reported in the literature and used by practitioners when designing learning and assessment activities. The Outcome-Present State Test (OPT) model was chosen as the theoretical framework. The model was then, in an iterative manner, developed and optimized to the affordances of virtual patients. Content validation was performed with faculty both in terms of the relevance of the chosen theories but also its applicability in nursing education. The virtual patient nursing model was then instantiated in two VPs. The students' perceived usefulness of the VPs was investigated using a questionnaire. The result was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results A virtual patient Nursing Design Model (vpNDM) composed of three layers was developed. Layer 1 contains the patient story and ways of interacting with the data, Layer 2 includes aspects of the iterative process of clinical reasoning, and finally Layer 3 includes measurable outcomes. A virtual patient Nursing Activity Model (vpNAM) was also developed as a guide when creating VP-centric learning activities. The students perceived the global linear VPs as a relevant learning activity for the integration of theory and practice. Conclusions Virtual patients that are adapted to the nursing paradigm can support nursing students' development of clinical reasoning skills. The proposed virtual patient nursing design and activity models will allow the systematic development of different types of virtual patients from a common model and thereby create opportunities for sharing pedagogical designs across technical solutions.
The Role of Theory in Practice.
There are at least three ways in which educational theory can be used in practice: (1) to reexamine our traditional approaches, (2) to provide direction in future practice, and (3) to generate research. Reexamination of traditional approaches through analysis and utilization of theoretical methods is one means of promoting constant growth and…
Pyfer, Jean L.
Seismic data processing: Theory and practice
This book emphasizes the practical application of seismic data processing methods. It provides information on computer systems, data processing, time series analysis, seismic data processing, migration and inversion theory and practice. Relevant computer hardware and procedures in a seismic data processing laboratory are discussed.
Hatton, L.; Worthington, M.H.; Makin, J.
Transforming nursing education: a review of current curricular practices in relation to Benner's latest work.
Current societal and healthcare system trends highlight the need to transform nursing education to prepare nurses capable of outstanding practice in the 21st century. Patricia Benner and colleagues urged nurse educators to transform their practice in the 2010 publication Educating Nurses, A Call to Radical Transformation. Frequently utilized pedagogical frameworks in nursing education include behaviorism and constructivism. Much of the structure and basis for instruction and evaluation can be found rooted in these philosophies. By first exploring both behaviorism and constructivism and then relating their use in nursing education to the call to transform, educators can be encourage to examine current practice and possibly modify aspects to include more rich experiential learning. PMID:23092804
Handwerker, Sarah M
Public health intervention model: impact on Australian community and mental health nursing students' practice.
Recent Australian health care reform in all jurisdictions of government, have attempted to address the need to curtail the burden of chronic disease by adopting and or referring to a primary health care (PHC) approach. In this way, community health nurses are challenged to demonstrate their understanding and capacity to practice according to primary health care principles. Evaluated in this paper is the impact a community health nursing curriculum adaptation of the Public Health Intervention Model (PHIM) has had on students' understanding and application of PHC to community nursing practice. A thematic analysis was utilized to review student assessment tasks. Generated themes support the PHIM adaptation, as a means to facilitate students' cognitive learning of community nursing practice interventions 'greater than treating the wound', and thus this model is particularly pertinent to future Bachelor of Nursing curriculum development and Australian Community Health Nursing. PMID:20597856
Woods, Michelle A
Spiritual perspectives of nurses in the United States relevant for education and practice.
The purpose of the current study was to describe nurses' spiritual perspectives as they relate to education and practice. A multiple triangulation research design encompassing a questionnaire and a descriptive qualitative content analysis were used with the purpose of capturing a more complete, holistic, and contextual description of nurses' spiritual perspectives. Multiple triangulation included two data sources, two methodological approaches, and nine investigators. Using survey methods, Reed's Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS) was sent to 1,000 members of Sigma Theta Tau International Nursing Honor Society (STTI). Results support Reed's premise that spirituality permeates one's life. Regardless of gender, participants with a religious affiliation had significantly higher SPS scores than those without one. Nurses having a spiritual base use it in practice. Six themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: Nurses perceive spirituality as strength, guidance, connectedness, a belief system, as promoting health, and supporting practice. The integration of spirituality in nursing curriculums can facilitate spiritual care. PMID:15005986
Cavendish, Roberta; Luise, Barbara K; Russo, Donna; Mitzeliotis, Claudia; Bauer, Maria; McPartlan Bajo, Mary Ann; Calvino, Carmen; Horne, Karen; Medefindt, Judith
Presents theories of motivation classified as those dealing either with exogenous causes or with endogenous processes. The following strategies for improving work motivation are discussed: (1) personal motives; (2) incentives and rewards; (3) reinforcement; (4) goal-setting techniques; (5) personal and material resources; (6) social and group…
Katzell, Raymond A.; Thompson, Donna E.
Constructivism. Theory, Perspectives, and Practice.
The 13 essays in this book examine the theory of constructivism in relation to teaching and learning. The first section provides an account of the epistemological, psychological, and sociocultural research that serves as the theoretical basis of constructivism, and includes the following chapters: "Introduction: Aspects of Constructivism" (Ernst…
Fosnot, Catherine Twomey, Ed.
Clinical liaison nurse model in a community hospital: a unique academic-practice partnership that strengthens clinical nursing education.
The necessity to help baccalaureate nursing students transition to clinical practice in a health care environment governed by change has compelled nurse educators to investigate alternative clinical instruction models that nurture academic-practice partnerships and facilitate student clinical learning. This article describes an academic-practice partnership in a community hospital using the Clinical Liaison Nurse (CLN) model as a link between students and clinical faculty and reports results of a quasi-experimental study that compared perceptions of the clinical learning environment between students participating in the CLN model (experimental group) and those in a traditional, instructor-led clinical model (control group). Students assigned to the CLN model had statistically significantly higher individualization, satisfaction, and task orientation scores on the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory. The findings provide evidence that academic-practice partnerships can be successful in community hospital settings and enhance students' perceptions in the clinical learning environment. PMID:23061523
Lovecchio, Catherine P; DiMattio, Mary Jane K; Hudacek, Sharon
Intelligent Agents: Theory and Practice
The concept of an agent has become important in both Artificial Intelligence (AI) and mainstream computer science. Our aim in this paper is to point the reader at what we perceive to be the most important theoretical and practical issues associated with the design and construction of intelligent agents. For convenience, we divide these issues into three areas (though as
Michael Wooldridge; Nicholas R. Jennings
Implications of evidence-based practice for mental health nursing.
The introduction of evidence-based practice (EBP) and the hierarchical approach to evidence it engenders within research and evaluation has aroused controversy in the mental health professions. The aim of this paper is to present a critique of EBP with a specific relationship to mental health nursing. It will be argued that in its current form, EBP presents a potential impediment to the facilitation of consumer participation in mental health services and to the recovery model. The need for the consumer voice and the importance of the lived experience of mental illness are not readily reconciled with a strong scientific paradigm that promotes detachment and objectivity. The importance of evidence in contemporary mental health care will also be acknowledged and discussed in light of the current climate of increased consumer knowledge, fiscal constraint, and extensive social criticism of mental health-care services. The current approach to EBP requires reconstruction to support the consumer-focused nature of mental health nursing, and to facilitate the implementation of a recovery model for mental health care. PMID:19490228
Fisher, Jacklin E; Happell, Brenda
Making a case for systematic integration of theory-based tobacco education into graduate psychiatric/mental health nursing curriculum.
Tobacco use and dependence is a serious public health issue that disproportionately affects the mentally ill client population. Mental health professionals, including psychiatric/mental health advanced practice nurses (PMHAPNs), are disinclined to integrate tobacco cessation interventions into their practice, due in part, to a general lack of tobacco-related knowledge (C. Essenmacher, C. Karvonen-Gutierrez, J. Lynch-Sauer, & S. A., Duffy, 2008; A. J. Molina, T. Fernandez, D. Fernandez, M. Delgado, S. de Abajo, & V. Martin, 2012; L. Sarna, L. L. Danao, S. Chan, S. Shin, L. Baldago, E. Endo, & M. E. Wewers, 2006); D. Sharp, S. Blaakman, R. Cole, & J. Evinger, 2009). This paper provides an in-depth literature review of tobacco education in nursing curricula and proposes the systematic integration of theory-based tobacco content into psychiatric/mental health graduate nursing programs. PMID:23915693
Schwindt, Rhonda G; Sharp, Daryl
School-to-Work Transition: From Theory to Practice.
Examines four career theories: developmental theory, person-environment fit, social cognitive career theory, and social learning theory. Highlights the potential of each to inform school-to-work practices. Presents practical interventions. (Contains 41 references.) (SK)
Rogers, Mary; Creed, Peter
A spatial analysis of the expanding roles of nurses in general practice
Background Changes to the workforce and organisation of general practice are occurring rapidly in response to the Australian health care reform agenda, and the changing nature of the medical profession. In particular, the last five years has seen the rapid introduction and expansion of a nursing workforce in Australian general practices. This potentially creates pressures on current infrastructure in general practice. Method This study used a mixed methods, 'rapid appraisal' approach involving observation, photographs, and interviews. Results Nurses utilise space differently to GPs, and this is part of the diversity they bring to the general practice environment. At the same time their roles are partly shaped by the ways space is constructed in general practices. Conclusion The fluidity of nursing roles in general practice suggests that nurses require a versatile space in which to maximize their role and contribution to the general practice team.
Socioscientific issues: Theory and practice
Drawing upon recent research, this article reviews the theory underlying the use of socioscientific issues (SSI) in science\\u000a education. We begin with a definition and rationale for SSI and note the importance of SSI for advancing functional scientific\\u000a literacy. We then examine the various roles of context, teachers, and students in SSI lessons as well as the importance of\\u000a classroom
Dana L. Zeidler; Bryan H. Nichols
An investigation of nurse educator's perceptions and experiences of undertaking clinical practice.
Educational policy (DOH, 1999. Making a difference: strengthening the nursing, midwifery and health visiting contribution to health and healthcare. Department of Health, London; UKCC, 1999. Fitness for Practice. United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting, London; Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2006. Standards to support learning and assessment in practice. Nursing and Midwifery Council, London) and current nursing literature (Griscti, O., Jacono, B., Jacono, J., 2005. The nurse educator's clinical role. Journal of Advanced Nursing 50 (1), 84-92; Owen, S., Ferguson, K., Baguley, I., 2005. The clinical activity of mental health nurse lecturers. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 12, 310-316), place increasing emphasis on nurse educators undertaking clinical practice to facilitate their clinical confidence and competence. This study investigated nurse educators' perceptions and experiences of undertaking clinical practice. A qualitative design and descriptive, exploratory approach were used. A purposive sample of 11 nurse educators in one nursing department, took part in two focus group interviews, one with 5 and the other with 6 respondents, to identify and discuss their perceptions and experiences of undertaking clinical practice. A process of thematic content analysis revealed three broad themes relating to the meaning and importance of clinical practice, perceived benefits and barriers which are examined and discussed. The paper concludes that despite policy recommendations, barriers highlighted in this study such as insufficient time, heavy workload and a lack of valuing of the clinical role have been raised over the past few decades. The effect of undertaking clinical practice, particularly on the quality of teaching is argued to be valuable armoury in the battle to secure sufficient resources to support engagement in clinical practice. Financial and organisational commitment; valuing of clinical practice and research evidence are crucial to realising clinical practice for nurse educators. Alternative interpretations of what may constitute the clinical role such as joint research projects and supporting and supervising students are offered, which need to be assessed against clear, specific and realistic aims for the clinical role of the nurse educator. PMID:18586358
Williams, Angela; Taylor, Cathy
Intelligent agents: theory and practice
Abstract The concept of an agent has become,important in both Artificial Intelligence (AI) and mainstream,computer,science. Our aim in this paper is to point the reader at what we perceive to be the most important theoretical and practical issues as sociated with the design and construction of intelligent agents. For convenience, we divide these issues into three areas (though as the
M. Woolridge; N. Jennings
[Application of the balanced scorecard in nursing practice].
Kaplan and Norton's balanced scorecard (BSC) was developed in 1992. It was designed to be both a performance framework and a management methodology. The BSC enables an organization to convert its mission and vision into specific strategic objectives across four perspectives: (1) the financial perspective, (2) the customer perspective, (3) the internal business process perspective, and (4) the learning and growth perspective. Emphasis is focused on the balance of internal and external, outcome and future, and subjective and objective measures. Currently, some health care organizations have implemented the concept of the BSC as a performance measurement tool and are convinced that the BSC can be of great value to an organization. This paper provides development of the BSC and its application in the health care system and nursing practice. PMID:15045895
Huang, Tsai-Yu; Chwo, Miao-Ju
A transdisciplinary approach to developing a web-based nursing experiential log system for advanced practice nursing clinical experiences.
This article describes a transdisciplinary project between the computer information systems department and the graduate nursing department of a higher education institution. The project is the planning, development, and implementation of a Web-based nursing experiential log system for advanced practice nursing clinical experiences, which was funded by a Nursing Education Practice and Retention grant from the Health Resources and Services Administration. The article explains the concept and benefits of the transdisciplinary nature of the project. The design team, project leadership, and roles within the team are reviewed, including the role of end-user faculty in the design process. The article describes the focus and scope of the Web-based experiential log system database that is used to document and track advanced practice nursing student clinical experiences, as well as a summary of the design process used to develop the log system and the specific functionality of the database system. The implementation process, including end-user training, pilot implementation, and modifications, lessons learned, and future directions of the project are addressed. The article concludes with the benefits to the clinical experience and graduate nursing program that have been noted since the implementation of the system. PMID:21697707
Olson, Brandon D; Fauchald, Sally K
Finding evidence: refining literature searching skills for the advanced practice nurse.
With increasing interest in evidence-based healthcare, nurses are finding the need to improve skills in locating current, valid evidence to support clinical practice. Because of the holistic nature of nursing, gathering evidence requires searching a variety of sources within many different scientific disciplines. The diverse nature of this task requires effective skills for finding information from both print and electronic sources. This article identifies informational databases available to advanced practice nurses, reviews search terminology, and suggests practical strategies for successful database searches in support of evidence-based practice. PMID:11759428
Morrisey, L J; DeBourgh, G A
Community of practice: a nurse practitioner collaborative model.
A study was undertaken with nurse practitioners (NPs) in 2008-2009 to examine post-legislation role development in British Columbia. The authors used a participatory action research approach to engage NPs in social investigation, education and action, and to explore, from the participants' perspective, how collaboration advances NP role integration in primary healthcare. A particular discovery of the study was the Interior Health Authority Community of Practice (CoP) established in collaboration with health leaders and NPs. The purpose of this paper is to report on the CoP and the five characteristics describing this collaborative CoP model, including sanctioned social structure, knowledge exchange network, practice discovery and innovation, generating meaning and value, and power sharing for strategic improvement. The CoP helped NPs to build collegial and collaborative relationships, enhance practice learning and competence, extend and apply new knowledge, enrich professional identities, and shape health organizational policy and politics. Because healthcare research about CoPs is limited, principles of a collaborative CoP model are offered for broader healthcare use. The authors conclude that a collaborative CoP model addresses the internal interests and needs of participating members while attending to the external concerns of the organization, and thus contributes to healthcare improvement. PMID:21730772
Burgess, Judith; Sawchenko, Linda
Integrating oral health into professional nursing practice: an interprofessional faculty tool kit.
Millions of children and adults in the United States have unmet oral health care needs, and professional nurses can play a central role in reducing oral health disparities and expanding access to care. Interprofessional education is requisite to improving oral health care outcomes. Baccalaureate nursing programs need to prepare collaborative practice-ready professional nurses to improve oral health care especially for vulnerable and underserved individuals, communities, and populations. This article presents an interprofessional faculty tool kit that builds upon The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice as a framework for preparing professional nurses with basic knowledge, skills, and attitudes in oral health promotion and disease and injury prevention across the life cycle. Expectations for professional nursing practice are described within the context of The Essentials and contemporary oral health care issues. Exemplars of interprofessional teaching-learning strategies are provided to assist nurse faculty with integrating oral health into baccalaureate nursing curriculum. Nurse educators are called to prioritize oral health as an essential component of overall health and well-being, increase the visibility of evidence-based oral health promotion and disease and injury prevention in baccalaureate nursing curricula, and support interprofessional oral health education and collaborative care. PMID:24503317
Dolce, Maria C
LIMS: from theory to practice.
This paper gives a definition and some basic knowledge about Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) as well as their impact on the organisation, the laboratory and the co-workers. The major advantages and disadvantages of LIMS are pointed out. Two practical experiences are described. The first is related to an in house development of a PC based system which has to integrate a Vax VMS system (Multichrom) and PC based analytical and analysis softwares. The second experience is dealing with the selection and implementation of a commercial package in a pharmacokinetic laboratory. In both cases the human and time aspects were important. PMID:9725483
Cardot, J M; Hulot, T; Le Bricon, C; Stockis, A
Part 1. Undergraduate nursing evidence-based practice education: envisioning the role of students.
Nursing educators have embraced the integration of evidence-based practice (EBP) into the nursing education curriculum in numerous ways. As this review of the nursing pedagogy literature demonstrates, most of these approaches built upon long-standing commitments to helping students understand the scientific research process, think critically, and develop the information literacy skills that will enable them to find the evidence that can inform their practice. Many reports in the nursing pedagogy literature recounted various strategies used to teach EBP to nursing students. Another category of nursing pedagogy articles discussed ways that EBP education can be suffused throughout the nursing school curriculum. Few educators, however, have envisioned students as having a role beyond that of the mere recipients of EBP education. Nonetheless, a small but growing number of nurse educators have begun to envision students as enablers of practice change in clinical settings. These innovators advocate a pedagogical paradigm that places students into socially meaningful partnerships with practicing nurses as a means to promote the uptake of EBP in clinical settings. PMID:20129587
Moch, Susan D; Cronje, Ruth J; Branson, Jessica
Exploring a model of skillful engagement in nursing practice
Prominent challenges facing nurse leaders are the growing shortage of nurses and the increasingly complex care required by acutely ill patients. In organizations that shortage is exacerbated by turnover and intent to leave. Unsatisfactory working conditions are cited by nurses when they leave their current jobs. Disengagement from the job leads to plateaued performance, decreased organizational commitment, and increased turnover.
Jan L Keller-Unger
Primary Care in the Baccalaureate Nursing Program. Pathways to Practice.
The work and findings of the Southern Regional Education Board's Nursing Curriculum Project (NCP) for baccalaureate programs, which included faculty development programs for primary nursing care and clinical electives, are discussed. The historical background of primary care in the baccalaureate nursing program is traced, and characteristics of…
Haase, Patricia T.
Nursing Homes as Complex Adaptive Systems: Relationship between Management Practice and Resident Outcomes
Background Despite numerous clinical and regulatory efforts, problems of poor quality of care in nursing homes continue, suggesting a need for effective management practices. Objective To test complexity science derived hypotheses about the relationship between management practices (communication openness, participation in decision making, relationship-oriented leadership, and formalization) and resident outcomes (prevalence of aggressive behavior, restraint use, complications of immobility, and fractures), while controlling for casemix, size, ownership, and director of nursing tenure and experience. Method A cross-sectional, correlational, field study design was used. Primary data were obtained from directors of nursing and registered nurses employed in 164 Texas nursing homes. Investigators administered self-report surveys onsite. Secondary data were obtained from 1995 Medicaid Cost Reports and the Texas nursing home Minimum Data Set (MDS) and were linked to primary data using a unique identifier. Results Hypotheses were supported in that each management practice explained one or more of the resident outcomes. Larger size and longer director of nursing tenure and experience also explained better resident outcomes. Predictors explained 11% to 21% of the variance. Discussion We use complexity science to explain the results. The findings open the door to rethinking nursing home management practice. Practices that increase connections and interaction among people are needed for better resident outcomes.
Anderson, Ruth A.; Issel, L. Michele; McDaniel, Reuben R.
Curricular practices in baccalaureate nursing education: results of a national survey.
The purpose of this survey was to gain an understanding of curricula in baccalaureate nursing programs in the United States to help guide curriculum review and revision at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh. A survey was mailed to deans of nursing programs currently accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). Results indicated current practice in curricula was diverse. The authors advocate a public forum in which educators can share curricular successes and nonsuccesses. PMID:15599870
Chappy, Sharon L; Stewart, Stephanie
Migraine triggers: practice and theory.
The basis of our belief in migraine triggering factors is questioned. To avoid creating migraine-mythology, it is proposed that a trigger for migraine must also cause headache in non-migrainous subjects. This headache-migraine parallelism is examined and if correct, casts doubt on migraine precipitation by cheese, chocolate or allergy. A further weakness of "dietary migraine" is pointed out because the quantity of the trigger consumed, or the time interval between ingestion and the onset of attacks, are rarely mentioned, let alone studied. A difficulty in assessing migraine precipitants is that two factors may act in unison, e.g. stress and not eating. Further an external factor may provoke an attack only if the migraine "milieu intériur" is set appropriately, for example the hormonal state in a woman's menstrual cycle. The value of studying migraine precipitants is two-fold: (1) it provides a means of counselling patients to avoid or reduce these factors, thereby diminishing frequency and severity of attacks; (2) a comprehensive migraine pathogenetic theory must incorporate how and where precipitants act. It is concluded that analysis of triggering mechanisms lends support to the concept that migraine is a primary neurological disturbance with secondary vascular manifestations. PMID:1495822
Blau, J N
Discovering Ways That Influence the Older Nurse to Continue Bedside Practice
A descriptive qualitative approach was used to investigate older nurses practicing bedside nursing and to identify ways to influence older nurses to continue bedside practice. A purposive sample of 18 older nurses was recruited from a healthcare system located in the Southeastern United States. Interpretative analysis of interviews resulted in the identification of three constitutive patterns and eight themes. The first constitutive pattern identified was attributes of the older nurse. The themes comprising this pattern were (a) professional growth in confidence and skills through experience and (b) passion and love for nursing. The second constitutive pattern was enduring stress and frustration. The themes comprising this pattern were (a) physical and mental changes associated with aging, (b) increased patient acuity and patient load, (c) constant change, and (d) time constraints. The third constitutive pattern was enhancements needed for older nurses to continue bedside nursing. The themes comprising this pattern were (a) work environment enhancements and (b) organizational relationship enhancements. Findings may provide a better understanding of the older nurse's role in bedside nursing.
Spiva, LeeAnna; Hart, Patricia; McVay, Frank
The 2011 NASA Membership Survey: developing and providing leadership to advance school nursing practice.
In 2011, NASN conducted a needs assessment to identify and analyze member demographic trends and identify priorities for current members. Ninety-five percent of survey respondents were currently registered nurses, 1% were licensed practical nurses, 3% were advance practice registered nurses, and 1% had other types of licensure. School nurses ages ranged between 21 and 66+ years of age with the highest concentration of school nurses (63%) older than 51 years of age. Thirty-one percent of respondents were nationally certified through the National Board for the Certification of School Nurses. Eighty-three percent had a bachelor's degree or higher. Fifteen percent had a master's in nursing, and another 15% held a master's in another field. Nine percent of respondents had an associate's degree in nursing and 4% had a registered nurse diploma as their highest level of education. The typical NASN member is a female, registered nurse with a bachelor's degree who is over the age of 50. PMID:22720478
Bergren, Martha Dewey; Monsalve, Lina
Nurses' information retrieval skills in psychiatric hospitals - are the requirements for evidence-based practice fulfilled?
Nursing professionals have long recognized the importance to practice of research and the value of research evidence. Nurses still do not use research findings in practice. The purpose of this paper was to describe nurses' skills in using literature databases and the Internet in psychiatric hospitals and associations of nurses' gender, age, and job position with their information retrieval skills. The study was carried out in 2004 among nursing staff (N=183) on nine acute psychiatric wards in two psychiatric hospitals in Finland (n=180, response rate 98%). The Finnish version of the European Computer Driving Licence test (ECDL) was used as a data collection instrument. The study showed that there were clear deficits in information retrieval skills among nurses working in psychiatric hospitals. Thus, nurses' competence does not support the realization of evidence-based practice in the hospitals. Therefore, it is important to increase nurses' information retrieval skills by tailoring continuing education modules. It would be also advisable to develop centralized systems for the internal dissemination of research findings for the use of nursing staff. PMID:19386551
Koivunen, Marita; Välimäki, Maritta; Hätönen, Heli
Geometric singular perturbation theory in biological practice
Geometric singular perturbation theory is a useful tool in the analysis of problems with a clear separation in time scales.\\u000a It uses invariant manifolds in phase space in order to understand the global structure of the phase space or to construct\\u000a orbits with desired properties. This paper explains and explores geometric singular perturbation theory and its use in (biological)\\u000a practice.
Geertje Hek
Integrating family nursing into a mental health urgent care practice framework: ladders for learning.
Integrating family nursing into a busy mental health urgent care setting is a challenge given the high acuity of patients and the demands of delivering service 7 days/week, 14 hours/day. In this article, the authors describe the development of a Mental Health Urgent Care Practice Framework that incorporates four elements: mental health/psychiatric assessment, physical health assessment, family nursing, and integrated behavioral health care. Sample family nursing skills and ladders for mental health urgent care practice are highlighted.The framework and ladders have implications for recruitment and hiring, orientation, peer mentoring, performance appraisals, and continuing education and supervision. A clinical vignette illustrates sample conceptual/ perceptual and executive skills used to apply the framework and ladders in practice. Family nursing is conceptualized as an integral component of nursing care provided to individual and families in this unique setting. PMID:20407001
Leahey, Maureen; Harper-Jaques, Sandy
Towards a practice theory of entrepreneuring
Adopting a process perspective on entrepreneurship, captured by the notion of "entrepreneuring," the emerging practice-theory\\u000a approach in the social sciences is proposed as an appropriate frame of reference. Entrepreneuring as a practice is ontologically\\/epistemologically\\u000a qualified by presenting phronesis as the relevant guiding intellectual virtue in the knowledge-creating process. A constructionist view invites different modes\\u000a of coping with an ambiguous environment,
Bengt Johannisson
The role of the nurse teacher in clinical practice: an empirical study of Finnish student nurse experiences.
This paper focuses on the role of the nurse teacher (NT) in supporting student nurse education in clinical practice. The paper draws on the outcomes of a study aimed at exploring student nurse experiences of the pedagogical relationship with NTs during their clinical placements. The participants (N=549) were student nurses studying on pre-registration nursing programmes in Finland. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation and ANOVA. The study showed that the core aspect of NTs work in clinical practice revolved around the relationship between student, mentor and NT. Higher levels of satisfaction were experienced in direct proportion to the number of meetings held between the student and NT. However, whilst the importance of this relationship has been reported elsewhere, an additional aspect of this relationship emerged in the data analysis. Those NT who facilitated good face to face contact also used other methods to enhance the relationship, particularly e-mail, virtual learning environment and texting. This outcome suggests that NT's interpersonal and communicative skills are as important as their clinical knowledge and skills in promoting effective learning in the clinical practice area. The paper argues for such approaches to be utilised within the emergent opportunities afforded by new communication and educational technologies. PMID:19232789
Saarikoski, Mikko; Warne, Tony; Kaila, Päivi; Leino-Kilpi, Helena
Beyond Google: Finding and Evaluating Web-Based Information for Community-Based Nursing Practice*
Nurses are challenged to find and use reliable, credible information to support clinical decision-making and to meet expectations for evidence-based nursing practice. This project targeted practicing public health and school nurses, teaching them how to access and critically evaluate web-based information resources for frontline practice. Health sciences librarians partnered with nursing faculty to develop two participatory workshops to teach skills in searching for and evaluating web-based consumer and professional practice resources. The first workshop reviewed reliable, credible consumer web-resources appropriate to use with clients, using published criteria to evaluate website credibility. In the second workshop, nurses were taught how to retrieve and evaluate health-related research from professional databases to support evidence-based nursing practice. Evaluation data indicated nurses most valued knowing about the array of reliable, credible web-based health information resources, learning how to evaluate website credibility, and understanding how to find and apply professional research literature to their own practice.
Miller, Louise C; Graves, Rebecca S.; Jones, Barbara B.; Sievert, Maryellen C
The habilitation nursing of children with developmental disabilities--beyond traditional nursing practices and principles?
Research-based descriptions of the contents of the habilitation nursing of children with developmental disabilities are lacking. The objective of this qualitative study was to describe the habilitation nursing of children with developmental disabilities in a Finnish children's neurological ward. In addition, the purpose was to outline the principles that directed the nursing functions (which consisted of various nursing interventions). The data collection included observation, a retrospective think-aloud method with video-taped nursing situations, the nursing records, and an open-ended questionnaire. The data were analysed with a qualitative content analysis of the manifest and latent content. The findings show that habilitation nursing in a children's neurological ward consists of assessing the child's skills, supporting the child's development, and collaborating with the child's immediate adults. When implementing those functions with nursing interventions, the nurses demonstrated four principles: client-originated and professional-originated principles, and individual-centred and community-centred principles. Becoming conscious of these principles and the theoretical frameworks behind them enables the development of a nursing science-based model for habilitation nursing. PMID:24656260
Olli, Johanna; Vehkakoski, Tanja; Salanterä, Sanna
The habilitation nursing of children with developmental disabilities--Beyond traditional nursing practices and principles?
Research-based descriptions of the contents of the habilitation nursing of children with developmental disabilities are lacking. The objective of this qualitative study was to describe the habilitation nursing of children with developmental disabilities in a Finnish children's neurological ward. In addition, the purpose was to outline the principles that directed the nursing functions (which consisted of various nursing interventions). The data collection included observation, a retrospective think-aloud method with video-taped nursing situations, the nursing records, and an open-ended questionnaire. The data were analysed with a qualitative content analysis of the manifest and latent content. The findings show that habilitation nursing in a children's neurological ward consists of assessing the child's skills, supporting the child's development, and collaborating with the child's immediate adults. When implementing those functions with nursing interventions, the nurses demonstrated four principles: client-originated and professional-originated principles, and individual-centred and community-centred principles. Becoming conscious of these principles and the theoretical frameworks behind them enables the development of a nursing science–based model for habilitation nursing.
Olli, Johanna; Vehkakoski, Tanja
Geropsychiatric Nursing Practice in the United States: Present Trends and Future Directions
Demographic trends, diversification of geriatric health care service settings, and advances in education and science call for redefining the context and mission of geropsychiatric nursing (GPN) practice. The challenges of providing preventive, restorative, and palliative care for older adults who move across health care and residential settings demand that geropsychiatric nurses be theoretically well grounded, family centered, expert in multiple
Merrie J. Kaas; Elizabeth Beattie
Urology nursing practice educational preparation, titles, training, and job responsibilities around the globe.
A descriptive study of urology nursing titles, educational preparation, and job functions revealed more than 80 titles, varied educational preparation, and some common and varied job functions. The results also indicated that urology advanced practice nurses continue to expand their independent roles. PMID:22690463
Albaugh, Jeffrey A
A Nurse-Managed Clinical Practice Unit: Part II--The Problems.
Faculty from the Lienhard School of Nursing who designed the Clinical Practice Unit--one of the country's first nurse-managed centers--discuss the problems they faced and how they expanded the unit to serve the entire university community with funding from PACE University and the W. K. Kellogg Foundation. (CT)
Culbert-Hinthorn, Pamela; And Others
Towards establishing the meaning of advanced practice nursing in a mental health care trust
This paper reports on a study undertaken in one mental health NHS foundation trust in the UK, which sought to examine to what extent advanced practice nursing could contribute to advancing new ways of working in the future. The literature on advanced nursing in the UK is critically discussed and where availability permits, reference is made to international literature. The
Julia Halpin; Patricia Wain; Peter Nolan
Non-physician practitioners in radiation oncology: advanced practice nurses and physician assistants
Purpose: With changes in reimbursement and a decrease in the number of residents, there is a need to explore new ways of achieving high quality patient care in radiation oncology. One mechanism is the implementation of non-physician practitioner roles, such as the advanced practice nurse (APN) and physician assistant (PA). This paper provides information for radiation oncologists and nurses making
Joanne Frankel Kelvin; Giselle J Moore-Higgs; Karen E Maher; Ajay K Dubey; Mary M Austin-Seymour; Nancy Riese Daly; Nancy Price Mendenhall; Eric F Kuehn
A comparison of the educational needs of Advanced Practice Nurses in Pediatric oncology: 1987 and 1995
A survey conducted in 1987 identified and described the continuing education needs of Advanced Practice Nurses in Pediatric Oncology (APNPO). Questionnaires were mailed to 152 APNPOs, 120 were returned, and 92 (61%) met criteria for inclusion in the study. These nurses had varied personal and professional backgrounds, but they reported similar needs for continuing education. They preferred clinically relevant information,
Jean H Fergusson; Deborah Diserens
Survey of Current Academic Practices for Full-Time Postlicensure Nursing Faculty Who Teach Online
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine current academic practices of compensation, workload, rewards, and tenure and promotion for nursing faculty who teach graduate and postlicensure programs that are delivered 50% to 100% online. Deans and directors who are members of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) were the…
Hanford, Karen J.
An Investigation of School Playground Safety Practices as Reported by School Nurses
The purpose of this study was to investigate school playground safety practices. The study used a purposeful sample of school nurses who attended a playground safety workshop at the 2006 National Association of School Nurses annual conference. Seventy-five questionnaires were distributed, and 64 useable questionnaires were returned. The responses…
Hudson, Susan D.; Olsen, Heather M.; Thompson, Donna
Do Trained Practice Nurses Apply Motivational Interviewing Techniques in Primary Care Consultations?
Background Reducing the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviour could positively influence health. Motivational interviewing (MI) is used to promote change in unhealthy lifestyle behaviour as part of primary or secondary prevention. Whether MI is actually applied as taught is unknown. Practice nurses' application of motivational interviewing in real-life primary care consultations was examined. Furthermore, we explored if (and to what extent) practice nurses adjust their motivational interviewing skills to primary versus secondary prevention. Methods Thirteen Dutch practice nurses, from four general practices, trained in motivational interviewing participated, 117 adult patients visiting the practice nurse participated, 117 practice nurse-patient consultations between June and December 2010 were videotaped. Motivational interview skills were rated by two observers using the Behaviour Change Counselling Index (BECCI). Data were analyzed using multilevel regression. Results Practice nurses use motivational interviewing techniques to some extent. Substantial variation was found between motivational interviewing items. No significant differences in the use of motivational interviewing between primary and secondary prevention was found. Conclusions Motivational interviewing skills are not easily applicable in routine practice. Health care providers who want to acquire motivational interview skills should follow booster sessions after the first training. The training could be strengthened by video-feedback and feedback based on participating observation. A possible explanation for the lack of differences between the two types of prevention consultations may be the gain to help patients in primary consultations by preventing complications equals the necessity to help the disease from aggravating in secondary prevention.
Noordman, Janneke; van Lee, Inge; Nielen, Mark; Vlek, Hans; van Weijden, Trudy; van Dulmen, Sandra
The effect of advanced practice nurse-modulated education on rehabilitation nursing staff knowledge.
Rehabilitation is a specialty area with defined competencies and discrete nursing knowledge. Nurses need to be educated in the basic competencies of rehabilitation to provide safe, quality care to patients with chronic illnesses and disabilities. A critical appraisal of the literature showed that education increased knowledge in a specialty area and had positive benefits for nurses, organizations, and patients. The purpose of this paper is to describe an evidence-based educational intervention. Self-study modules on 15 rehabilitation competencies were developed for 16 nurses working on a new inpatient unit. Outcomes were evaluated using pre and post tests via the online Association of Rehabilitation Nurses (ARN) Competency Assessment Tool (CAT). Data were analyzed using the SPSS14.0 statistical package. Paired t-tests demonstrated a significant difference between pre and post test scores on 14 of the 15 competencies measured. Findings suggested that education of nursing staff resulted in increased knowledge about rehabilitation nursing competencies. PMID:23529948
Mauk, Kristen L
Description and evaluation of an initiative to develop advanced practice nurses in mainland China.
This paper describes an initiative to develop Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) in mainland China and evaluation of the outcomes of the described programme. The pioneer project was an APN postgraduate programme involving 38 students conducted in Guangzhou, China during 2004-2005. Data related to curriculum content and process, student performance, self-reported competence and programme effects were collected. Quantitative data such as demographic data, student performance were analysed using descriptive statistics and the pre and post self-reported practice of competence was compared using chi-square test. Qualitative data such as case reports and interviews were examined using thematic analyses. Reflective journals and case studies revealed the attributes of APNs in managing clinical cases at advanced level, applying theory into practice and exercising evidence-based practice. The relatively modest self-reported practice of competence suggested that the graduates were novice APNs and needed continued development after the completion of the programme. This study reports the experience of an initiative in China and suggests a useful curriculum framework for educating APNs. PMID:19819051
Wong, Frances Kam Yuet; Peng, Gangyi; Kan, Eva C; Li, Yajie; Lau, Ada T; Zhang, Liying; Leung, Annie F; Liu, Xueqin; Leung, Vilna O; Chen, Weiju; Li, Ming
Infusing evidence-based instructional strategies to prepare today's military practical nurses for tomorrow's practice.
Is there one best method to provide instruction to today's nursing students? The evidence found in the current literature clearly states the answer is no. The student of today is technology oriented. But for them, it's not about technology, it's about the learning that technology provides. With this understanding, this article provides a review of the efforts by the staff of the US Army Practical Nurse Course (68WM6) to infuse evidence-based instructional strategies into curriculum. Five strategies that were integrated into the curriculum are presented: computer assisted learning, gaming software, classroom response system, human patient simulators, and video recordings. All of the initiatives discussed in this article were implemented into the program of instruction over a 6-year period in an attempt to incorporate the use of appropriate technology in the learning process. The results are a testimony to the necessity of using a combination of strategies for teaching today's nursing students. In doing so, the organization not only improved the learning process, but found significant financial savings. PMID:24488873
Neilson, Richard A; Hopkins-Chadwick, Denise L
Online Collaborative Learning: Theory and Practice
"Online Collaborative Learning: Theory and Practice" provides a resource for researchers and practitioners in the area of online collaborative learning (also known as CSCL, computer-supported collaborative learning), particularly those working within a tertiary education environment. It includes articles of relevance to those interested in both…
Roberts, Tim, Ed.
Promoting women's sport: theory, policy and practice
While in recent years there has been a good deal of critique of the representation and participation of women in sport, there have been relatively few attempts to link theory and practice by means of cultural policy interventions. This article discusses a community-based research project designed principally to encourage teenage girls to engage voluntarily in sport by improving local media
David Rowe; Peter Brown
The Curriculum. Theory and Practice. Fifth Edition
Educationists and teachers sought to develop forms of curricular provision which would be more appropriate to the economic, social and, indeed, political conditions of the twentieth century. Bridging of the gap between the theory and practice of education by convincing teachers of the importance of developing a theoretical underpinning to their…
Kelly, A.V.
Ecotourism: towards congruence between theory and practice