text:
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
...AGENTS REGISTRATION] [Sec. 5.801 Activity Beyond 10 - day period.] 28 JUDICIAL...2009-07-01 false 5.801 Sec. 5.801 Activity beyond 10 JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION...FOREIGN AGENTS REGISTRATION Sec. 5.801 Activity beyond 10-day period. A...
The Near 160 Day Periodicity in the Photospheric Magnetic Flux
A periodicity near 154 days was discovered in the number of high-energy solar flares detected by Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) and Geosynchronous Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) during the time interval 1980-1984 (Rieger et al.; Dennis). In this paper, we analyze the historical records of photospheric magnetic flux to show that during solar cycle 21 the periodicity appeared in the photospheric
J. L. Ballester; R. Oliver; M. Carbonell
Long-period tidal variations in the length of day
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
A new model of long-period tidal variations in length of day is developed. The model comprises 80 spectral lines with periods between 18.6 years and 4.7 days, and it consistently includes effects of mantle anelasticity and dynamic ocean tides for all lines. The anelastic properties follow Wahr and Bergen; experimental confirmation for their results now exists at the fortnightly period, but there remains uncertainty when extrapolating to the longest periods. The ocean modeling builds on recent work with the fortnightly constituent, which suggests that oceanic tidal angular momentum can be reliably predicted at these periods without data assimilation. This is a critical property when modeling most long-period tides, for which little observational data exist. Dynamic ocean effects are quite pronounced at shortest periods as out-of-phase rotation components become nearly as large as in-phase components. The model is tested against a 20 year time series of space geodetic measurements of length of day. The current international standard model is shown to leave significant residual tidal energy, and the new model is found to mostly eliminate that energy, with especially large variance reduction for constituents Sa, Ssa, Mf, and Mt.
Ray, Richard D.; Erofeeva, Svetlana Y.
Ninety-day waiting period limitation. Final rules.
These final regulations clarify the maximum allowed length of any reasonable and bona fide employment-based orientation period, consistent with the 90-day waiting period limitation set forth in section 2708 of the Public Health Service Act, as added by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Affordable Care Act), as amended, and incorporated into the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code. PMID:25011163
A 50 day periodicity in the cosmic ray anisotropy
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A modulation of the anisotropy of relativistic interplanetary particles with a period of approximately 50 days is discussed. Even though it is not unusual for cosmic ray data to reflect the solar rotation frequency and its harmonics with periods of 25/n days (n being 1, 2, 3, . . .), it is not known how a periodicity of 50 days, which would be a subharmonic, is generated. Since the Cerenkov counter responds to all kinds of relativistic particles, it does not identify the particles that cause the 50 day east-west modulation. Jovian electrons are considered unlikely in that they are most abundant near their source, whereas the modulation has never been reported for ground-based neutron monitors. It is pointed out that since the Cerenkov threshold is somewhat lower than typical neutron monitor cutoffs, it is conceivable that the modulation affects nucleons just in this energy gap. It is also thought that there might be a uniformly distributed component of interplanetary electrons which undergo this peculiar modulation.
Fillius, W.; Ip, W.-H.; Axford, I.
Cultural Support Workers and Long Day Care Services
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
In Australia, eligible long day care services may apply for support at the state level to assist with the transition of children from culturally or linguistically diverse backgrounds into childcare settings. For staff in childcare services, this support comes in the form of a cultural support worker (CSW). The primary role of a CSW is to build�
Miller, Melinda G.; Knowles, Meg; Grieshaber, Susan
Sun-Earth Day Connects History, Culture and Science
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The NASA Sun-Earth Connection Education forum annually promotes and event called Sun-Earth Day: a national celebration of the Sun, the space around the Earth (geospace), and how all of it affects life on our planet. For the past 3 years this event has provided a venue by which classrooms, museums, planetaria, and at NASA centers have had a sensational time sharing stories, images, and activities related to the Sun-Earth connections and the views o fthe Sun from Earth. Each year we select a different theme by which NASA Space Science can be further related to cross-curricular activities. Sun-Earth Day 2002, "Celebrate the Equinox", drew parallels between Native American Cultures and NASA's Sun-Earth Connection research via cultural stories, interviews, web links, activities and Native American participation. Sun-Earth Day 2003, "Live From the Aurora", shared the beauty of the Aurora through a variety of activities and stories related to perspectives of Northern Peoples. Sun-Earth Day 2004 will share the excitement of the transit of Venus through comparisons of Venus with Earth and Mars, calculations of the distances to nearby stars, and the use of transits to identify extra-solar planets. Finally, Sun-Earth Day 2005 will bring several of these themes together by turning our focus to the history and culture surrounding ancient observatories such as Chaco Canyon, Machu Picchu, and Chichen Itza.
Cline, T.; Thieman, J.
42 CFR 137.134 - When does the 45 day review period begin?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
... 2012-10-01 false When does the 45 day review period begin? 137.134 Section 137.134...Final Offer § 137.134 When does the 45 day review period begin? The 45 day review period begins from the date the IHS receives...
Changes in Phosphoinositide Metabolism with Days in Culture Affect Signal Transduction Pathways in Galdieria sulphuraria
The metabolism of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) changed during the culture period of the thermoacidophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. Seven days after inoculation, the amount of PIP2 in the cells was 910 6 100 pmol g 21 fresh weight; by 12 d, PIP2 levels increased to 1200 6 150 pmol g21 fresh weight. In vitro assays indicated that phosphatidylinositol monophosphate (PIP) ki-
Ingo Heilmann; Imara Y. Perera; Wolfgang Gross; Wendy F. Boss
The 73-DAY Periodicity of the Flare Index during the Current SOLAR-CYCLE-22
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The flare index of the current solar cycle 22 is analysed to detect intermediate-term periodicities from Sep. 1, 1986 to Dec. 31, 1991. Power spectral analysis of the time series of solar flare index data reveals a periodicity around 73 and 53 days. We find that a periodicity of 73 days was in operation from 1988 November to the end of 1991 December. We also find that when the 73-day periodicity or the 154-day periodicity is in operation, the flare index is well correlated with the relative sunspot numbers. As a conclusion, we do not expect to see a resumption of the 154-day or 73-day periodicity, but we do expect only one of the periodicity near the integral multiples of 25d.8 in the next solar cycles.
�zg��, Atila; Ata�, Tamer
Numerical Simulation of a 4Day Early Spring Storm Period in the Black Hills
This paper illustrates the potential for mesoscale models to depict the distribution of precipitation in orographic situations. The study covers a 4-day time period in April 1995. The domain of the numerical model covers much of western South Dakota and some of eastern Wyoming and is centered on the Black Hills of South Dakota. The 4-day storm period is characterized
R. D. Farley; D. L. Hjermstad; H. D. Orville
The metabolic dynamics of cartilage explants over a long-term culture period
INTRODUCTION: Although previous studies have been performed on cartilage explant cultures, the generalized dynamics of cartilage metabolism after extraction from the host are still poorly understood due to differences in the experimental setups across studies, which in turn prevent building a complete picture. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the response of cartilage to the trauma sustained during extraction and determined the time needed for the cartilage to stabilize. Explants were extracted aseptically from bovine metacarpal-phalangeal joints and cultured for up to 17 days. RESULTS: The cell viability, cell number, proteoglycan content, and collagen content of the harvested explants were analyzed at 0, 2, 10, and 17 days after explantation. A high percentage of the cartilage explants were found to be viable. The cell density initially increased significantly but stabilized after two days. The proteoglycan content decreased gradually over time, but it did not decrease to a significant level due to leakage through the distorted peripheral collagen network and into the bathing medium. The collagen content remained stable for most of the culture period until it dropped abruptly on day 17. CONCLUSION: Overall, the tested cartilage explants were sustainable over long-term culture. They were most stable from day 2 to day 10. The degradation of the collagen on day 17 did not reach diseased levels, but it indicated the potential of the cultures to develop into degenerated cartilage. These findings have implications for the application of cartilage explants in pathophysiological fields.
Moo, E.K.; Osman, N.A. Abu; Pingguan-Murphy, B.
42 CFR 137.170 - When does the 365 day period commence?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
...determining the 365 day period, an audit report is deemed received on the date of actual...within 60 days after receiving the audit report, the Secretary does not give notice...Secretary to reject the single-agency audit report as insufficient due to...
Optimal periodic perfusion strategy for robust long-term microfluidic cell culture.
Long-term cell culture in microfluidic devices is an essential prerequisite for "on a chip" biological and physiological based studies. We investigated how medium delivery, from continuous to periodic perfusion, affects long-term cell cultures in a microfluidic platform. Computational simulations suggested that different delivery strategies result in different temporal profiles of accumulation and washing out of endogenous (EnF) and exogenous (ExF) factors, respectively. Thus, cultures exposed to the same overall amount of medium with different temporal profiles were analysed in terms of homogeneity, cell morphology and phenotype. Murine and human cell lines (C2C12 and HFF) and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) were cultured in microfluidic channels. An ad hoc experimental setup was developed to perform continuous and periodic medium delivery into the chip, tuning the flow rate, the perfusion time, and the interval of perfusion while using the same amount of medium volume. Periodic medium delivery with a short perfusion pulse ensured cell homogeneity compared to standard cell culture. Conversely, a continuous flow resulted in cell heterogeneity, with abnormal morphology and vesiculation. Only dramatic and unfeasible increasing of perfused medium volume in the continuous configuration could rescue normal cell behaviour. Consistent results were obtained for C2C12 and HFF. In order to extend these results to highly sensitive cells, mESC were cultured for 6 days in the microfluidic channels. Our analysis demonstrates that a periodic medium delivery with fast pulses (with a frequency of 4 times per day) resulted in a homogeneous cell culture in terms of cell viability, colony morphology and maintenance of pluripotency markers. According to experimental observations, the computational model provided a rational description of the perfusion strategies and of how they deeply shape the cell microenvironment in microfluidic cell cultures. These results provide new insight to define optimal strategies for homogeneous and robust long-term cell culture in microfluidic systems, an essential prerequisite for lab on chip cell-based applications. PMID:24064704
Giulitti, Stefano; Magrofuoco, Enrico; Prevedello, Lia; Elvassore, Nicola
Implantation Rates after Two, Three, or Five Days of Embryo Culture
Extended embryo culture together with amelioration of embryo selection methods and embryo culture conditions have allowed a substantial increase on both pregnancy and implantation rates. However, uterine embryo transfers are still performed after 2 to 6 days of egg retrieval. In this paper, we show the results of two studies, one prospective study comparing IVF outcome of day 2 and
M. J. de los Santos; A. Mercader; A. Gal�n; C. Albert; J. L. Romero; A. Pellicer
The "Approximate 150 Day Quasi-Periodicity" in Interplanetary and Solar Phenomena During Cycle 23
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A"quasi-periodicity" of approx. 150 days in various solar and interplanetary phenomena has been reported in earlier solar cycles. We suggest that variations in the occurrence of solar energetic particle events, inter-planetary coronal mass ejections, and geomagnetic storm sudden commenceents during solar cycle 23 show evidence of this quasi-periodicity, which is also present in the sunspot number, in particular in the northern solar hemisphere. It is not, however, prominent in the interplanetary magnetic field strength.
Richardson, I. G.; Cane, H. V.
Quiet time short-period and day-to-day variations in E � B drift studied using 150 km radar echoes from Gadanki
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
this paper we present short-period and day-to-day variations in E � B drift during low solar and magnetically quiet conditions, based on radar observations of daytime 150 km echoes from Gadanki, India. Short-period (<100 min) variations in E � B drift show amplitude as large as 7 m s-1 and display large day-to-day variation. Spectral analysis reveals that drift velocity fluctuations consist of several components of short periods in the range of 4-100 min. Among these periods, the most frequently occurring periods are 6-60 min. Observations also show that amplitudes of these periods increase with increasing period. Interestingly, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) variations also show periods of 3-19 min, which have also been observed in velocity variations. In addition, amplitudes of the periodic variations in SNR tend to increase with increasing period, which is also similar to those observed in drift velocity fluctuations. No correlation between SNR and velocity variations, however, has been found. Noticeable day-to-day variations in drift velocity are found in all seasons, and the variation is as large as �25 m s-1. Day-to-day variations also show wave-like features with period of 2-4 days. Observed E � B drift variations of 7 m s-1 at short time scale and 25 m s-1 on a day-to-day basis indicate zonal electric field variations of 0.25 mV/m and 0.9 mV/m, respectively. We surmise that quiet time E � B drift variations with periods <100 min and 2-4 days are likely to be the manifestations of gravity wave and planetary wave wind-induced electric fields, respectively, consistent with those reported earlier.
Pavan Chaitanya, P.; Patra, A. K.; Rao, S. V. B.
A New Model for Long-Period Tidal Variations in Length of Day
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The standard IERS model for tidal variations in length of day (LOD), covering the band from one week to 18.6 years, stems from a 30-year-old paper by Yoder, Williams, and Parke. Their original table has been updated in the latest adopted standards by modifying only a few constituents: four constituents were adjusted for effects of mantle anelasticity and two constituents for effects of ocean tides. Here a new model of long-period tidal variations in length of day is described. The model comprises eighty spectral lines with periods between 18.6 years and 4.7 days, and it consistently includes effects of mantle anelasticity and dynamic ocean tides for all lines. The anelastic properties follow Wahr and Bergen; experimental confirmation for their results now exists at the fortnightly period, but there remains uncertainty when extrapolating to the longest periods. The ocean modeling builds on recent work with the fortnightly constituent, which suggests that oceanic tidal angular momentum can be reliably predicted at these periods without data assimilation. This is a critical property when modeling most long-period tides for which little observational data exist. Dynamic ocean effects are quite pronounced at shortest periods as out-of-phase rotation components become nearly as large as in-phase components. The model is tested against a 20-year time series of space geodetic measurements of length of day. The current international standard model is shown to leave significant residual tidal energy, and the new model is found to mostly eliminate that energy, with especially large variance reduction for constituents Sa, Ssa, Mf, and Mt.
Ray, Richard; Erofeeva, Svetlana
Characteristics of atmospheric disturbances with a quasi-two day period
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
In 1968 the Soviet equatorial meteor expedition measured, at an altitude of 80 to 105 km, wind velocity disturbances in the equatorial atmosphere with a quasi-two day period. An example of such disturbances is provided which shows time series of wind velocity in the meridional and zonal directions. The results of the time series analysis are discussed.
Kalchenko, B. V.
Tradeoffs between global warming and day length on the vegetation carbon uptake period
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
There has been much discussion about whether earlier vegetation greenup associated with global warming will allow for an earlier starts of the net carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake period (CUP) by vegetation and thus possibly increase the terrestrial carbon sink. One aspect of this discussion that has received little attention so far is that earlier vegetation greenup will occur at shorter day lengths which reduces the time of the day during which the presence of sunlight allows for photosynthesis and thus carbon uptake. We hypothesise that shorter day lengths associated with earlier vegetation greenup will partly compensate for any temperature-mediated earlier starts of the vegetation period. To test this hypothesis we use eddy covariance CO2 flux data from three mountain grasslands in the Alps: Neustift (970m), Monte Bondone (1500m), Torgnon (2160m). The three grassland sites are at the same latitude, but differ in elevation and thus temperature and thus the length of the snow cover period. We hypothesise that the warming-induced lengthening of the vegetation period will be compensated most by day length at the lowest elevation site, where snow melt occurs close to the spring equinox when day length changes fastest. In contrast, snow melt at the site with the highest elevation occurs closer to the summer solstice, when daily changes in day length are minimal, and we thus hypothesise that compensating effects due to day length will be smallest there. The hypothesis was tested using a phenomenological model of the net CO2 exchange of mountain grassland ecosystems that has been trained with measured eddy covariance CO2 fluxes. On average, the model was well able to simulate both daytime and nighttime NEE and thus predicted the start of the CUP reasonably well. The model was then used to simulate the start of the carbon uptake period using climatological time series of air temperature by uniformly increasing air temperature between 0 and 3 K. A 10 day earlier start of the CUP went along with a 32, 27 and 20 min reduction in day length at Neustift, Monte Bondone and Torgnon, respectively. Simulated warming (up to +3K) caused both snow melt and the start of the CUP to occur earlier. The earlier start of the CUP, however, did not match the earlier snow melt due to concurrent reductions in day length and so the time period in between increased with warming. As hypothesised this increase scaled with elevation and the timing of snow melt. A 10 day earlier snow melt caused the time period until the start of the CUP to increase by 1.8, 1.3 and 0.6 days at Neustift, Monte Bondone and Torgnon, respectively. As hypothesised, warming-induced earlier snow melts did not translate one-to-one to earlier starts of the CUP due to concurrent reductions in day length. The magnitude of this effect depended on the time of year when snow melt occurs. For the investigated grasslands along the elevational gradient, snow melt occurred the latest at highest elevation (Torgnon) and the start of the CUP at this site was thus most responsive to warming.
Wohlfahrt, Georg; H�rtnagl, Lukas; Hammerle, Albin; Gianelle, Damiano; Marcola, Barbara; Galvagno, Marta; Cremonese, Edoardo; Morra di Cella, Umberto
The power spectrum of the solar wind speed for periods greater than 10 days
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The use of the more than 11 years of solar wind speed data obtained by Vela 2-6 and Imp 6-8 to study the power spectrum of speed variations in the range near the solar rotational frequency is discussed. The broad bands of power near periods of 27 days (corresponding to the rotational period of the sun), 13.5 days, and higher harmonics are characterized, and it is suggested that the described individual peaks in both the solar wind and the geomagnetic spectra are probably not due to differential rotation. The alternate explanation is that the multipeak nature of the power spectra are explained by a wave packet concept in which recurring highspeed streams are described as a series of pulses (separated by a constant period) that last for a varying number of solar rotations.
Fenimore, E. E.; Asbridge, J. R.; Bame, S. J.; Feldman, W. C.; Gosling, J. T.
Estimating West Nile Virus Transmission Period in Pennsylvania Using an Optimized Degree-Day Model
Abstract We provide calibrated degree-day models to predict potential West Nile virus (WNV) transmission periods in Pennsylvania. We begin by following the standard approach of treating the degree-days necessary for the virus to complete the extrinsic incubation period (EIP), and mosquito longevity as constants. This approach failed to adequately explain virus transmission periods based on mosquito surveillance data from 4 locations (Harrisburg, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Williamsport) in Pennsylvania from 2002 to 2008. Allowing the EIP and adult longevity to vary across time and space improved model fit substantially. The calibrated models increase the ability to successfully predict the WNV transmission period in Pennsylvania to 70�80% compared to less than 30% in the uncalibrated model. Model validation showed the optimized models to be robust in 3 of the locations, although still showing errors for Philadelphia. These models and methods could provide useful tools to predict WNV transmission period from surveillance datasets, assess potential WNV risk, and make informed mosquito surveillance strategies.
Blanford, Justine I.; Fleischer, Shelby J.; Hutchinson, Michael; Saunders, Michael C.; Thomas, Matthew B.
Are central venous catheter tip cultures reliable after 6-day refrigeration?
Present guidelines recommend culturing only central venous catheter (CVC) tips from patients with suspected catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI). However, a high proportion of these suspicions are not confirmed. Moreover, CVC tip culture increases laboratory workload, and reports of colonization may be meaningless or misleading for the clinician. Our working hypothesis was that CVC tips should be refrigerated and cultured only in patients with positive blood cultures. We evaluated the effect of 6-day refrigeration of 215 CVC tips. We selected all the catheters with a significant count according to the Maki's roll-plate technique and randomly assigned them to 2 groups. In group A, the catheters were recultured after 24 h of refrigeration, and in group B, the catheters were recultured after 6 days more of refrigeration, so that the refrigeration time evaluated would be of 6 days. The yield of refrigerated CVC tips that grow significant colony counts of primary culture in group B was compared with the yield of refrigerated catheter tips in group A. The difference showed that 6-day refrigeration reduced the number of significant CVCs by 15.2%. Only 61 CVCs were obtained from patients with CR-BSI, and in most of them, blood cultures were already positive before CVC culture, so only 0.91% of the CR-BSI episodes would have been misdiagnosed as culture negative after refrigeration. Refrigeration of CVC tips sent for culture and culturing only those from patients with positive blood cultures reduce the workload in the microbiology laboratory without misdiagnosing CR-BSI. PMID:19501790
Bouza, Emilio; Guembe, Maria; G�mez, Haydee; Mart�n-Rabad�n, Pablo; Rivera, Marisa; Alcal�, Luis
Immune and inflammation responses to a 3-day period of intensified running versus cycling.
Functional overreaching has been linked to alterations in immunity and host pathogen defense, but little is known as to whether or not running and cycling evoke different responses. This study compared inflammation, muscle damage and soreness, and innate immune function responses to a 3-day period of intensified exercise in trained long distance runners (N=13, age 34.4�2.4year) and cyclists (N=22, age 36.6�1.7year, P=0.452). Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptomatology was monitored for 12weeks using the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS), and subjects from both athletic groups came to the lab during week five and exercised 2.5h/day for 3days in a row at 70% VO2max. Blood samples were collected before and after the 3-day period of exercise, with recovery samples collected 1-, 14-, and 38h-post-exercise. Samples were analyzed for muscle damage [creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (MYO)], inflammation (CRP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MCP), and innate immunity [granulocyte and monocyte phagocytosis (GR-PHAG and MO-PHAG) and oxidative burst activity (GR-OBA and MO-OBA)]. Runners compared to cyclists experienced significantly more muscle damage (CK 133% and MYO 404% higher post-3days exercise), inflammation (CRP 87%, IL-6 256%, IL 8 61%, IL-10 32%, MCP 29%), and delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS, 87%). The 3-day period of exercise caused significant downturns in GR-PHAG, MO-PHAG, GR-OBA, MO-OBA by 14- and 38h-recovery, but the pattern of change did not differ between groups. No group differences were measured for 12-week URTI severity (18.3�5.6 and 16.6�4.0, P=0.803) and symptom scores (33.4�12.6 and 24.7�5.8, P=0.477). These data indicate that a 3-day period of functional overreaching results in substantially more muscle damage and soreness, and systemic inflammation in runners compared to cyclists, but without group differences for 12-week URTI symptomatology and post-exercise decrements in innate immune function. PMID:24055861
Nieman, David C; Luo, Beibei; Dr�au, Didier; Henson, Dru A; Shanely, R Andrew; Dew, Dustin; Meaney, Mary Pat
Waves with period near 3 days in the equatorial mesosphere and lower thermosphere over Ascension Island
A meteor radar was deployed on Ascension Island (8�S, 14�W) in the equatorial mid-Atlantic in 2001. Routine operation started in October of that year. The radar has been used to measure horizontal winds in the equatorial mesosphere\\/lower thermosphere (MLT) region over the interval October 2001�October 2002. Here, we present results concerning atmospheric waves with periods between ?2 and 4 days�a
P. T. Younger; N. J. Mitchell
The dynamic response of visual accommodation over a seven-day period
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Four college students, ranging in age from 18 to 21 years, were tested on their dynamic, monocular accommodation responses to a square wave stimulus and sine waves of two frequencies. The tests were conducted over a period of seven days in a controlled environment, each subject being tested once every three hours. Latency, magnitude, velocity, gain and phase lag of the responses were measured, and means and standard deviations were computed. The latency of response was stable throughout and agreed fairly well with previous studies. The response magnitude was relatively stable. Three of the subjects had higher velocities on receding targets; one was faster on approaching targets. The group mean velocity increased over the seven days of the study. In keeping with the trend to faster dynamics over the seven days, both gain and phase lag improved.
Randle, R. J.; Murphy, M. R.
Analysis of the periods of maximum consecutive wet days in China
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Using daily precipitation data from China during the period 1960-2005, the maximum number of consecutive rainy (or wet) days is investigated. Linear regression and the modified Mann-Kendall test are used to evaluate trends in the wet days. Results indicate (1) that four consecutive wet days occur more frequently; however, their (fractional) contribution to the total amount of precipitation is small. On the other hand, one wet day is prevalent in winter and its (factional) contribution is the largest. (2) In the northwest China, the number and the total precipitation of the maximum consecutive wet days are increasing annually as well as in winter, implying wetting tendency in northwest China and in winter. (3) Decreasing total precipitation is observed in the basins of the Yellow, Liaohe, and Haihe rivers. The number and the fractional precipitation contribution of the maximum consecutive wet days are also decreasing, pointing to a higher risk of droughts in these regions, and these regions are heavily populated with highly developed socioeconomy and are also the major agricultural areas. In this sense, negative impacts are evident because of increasing drought risk as a result of decreasing total precipitation. Besides, a higher risk of droughts can also be expected in southeast China in winter, but a lengthening of maximum consecutive wet days is not evident in China. Higher drought risk in southeast China may threat the water supply, for example, the water supply for Hong Kong and Macau. However, increasing fractional contribution of shorter consecutive wet days may imply intensifying precipitation in China.
Zhang, Qiang; Singh, Vijay P.; Li, Jianfeng; Chen, Xiaohong
Evidence for a 304-day orbital period for GX 1+4
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
In this paper we report strong evidence for a ~304-day periodicity in the spin history of the accretion-powered pulsar GX 1+4 that is very likely to be a signature of the orbital period of the system. Using BATSE public-domain data, we show a highly-significant periodic modulation of the pulsar frequency from 1991 to date which is in excellent agreement with the ephemeris proposed by Cutler, Dennis & Dolan in 1986 [1], which were based on a few events of enhanced spin-up that occurred during the pulsar's spin-up era in the 1970s. Our results indicate that the orbital period of GX 1+4 is 303.8+/-1.1 days, making it by far the widest low-mass X-ray binary system known. A likely scenario for this system is an elliptical orbit in which the neutron star decreases its spin-down rate (or even exhibits a momentary spin-up behavior) at periastron passages due to the higher torque exerted by the accretion disk onto the magnetosphere of the neutron star. .
Braga, Joa~O.; Pereira, Marildo G.; Jablonski, Francisco J.
Pulsations of the sun and a beat period of 399 days
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Measurements of the Doppler effect of the solar photosphere have been carried out at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory for 37 years, beginning in 1974 (in total, 2188 days or 13 247 h). The measurements use the differential center-to-limb method of registration of line-of-sight velocity with a solar magnetograph (in the iron absorption line ?512.4 nm). As a result of the experiment, two global pulsations of the sun with periods P 0 = 9600.606(12) and P 1 = 9597.936(16) s have been discovered. The nature of the periods is unknown. The first pulsation was detected in 1974-1982; the second, during nearly all the 37 years. The 2008-2010 data confirm the stability of the initial phase of the P 1 pulsation with a mean (differential) amplitude of 0.25 m/s. The fact that the beat period of the two pulsations coincides with the synodic period of Jupiter's orbital revolution, i.e., 399 days, raises a new, complex problem for solar physics and cosmogony.
Kotov, V. A.; Khaneichuk, V. I.
A seven day running training period increases basal urinary hepcidin levels as compared to cycling
Background This investigation compared the effects of an extended period of weight-bearing (running) vs. non-weight-bearing (cycling) exercise on hepcidin production and its implications for iron status. Methods Ten active males performed two separate exercise training blocks with either running (RTB) or cycling (CTB) as the exercise mode. Each block consisted of five training sessions (Day 1, 2, 4, 5, 6) performed over a seven day period that were matched for exercise intensity. Basal venous blood samples were obtained on Day 1 (D1), and on Recovery Days 3 (R3) and 7 (R7) to assess iron status, while basal and 3�h post-exercise urinary hepcidin levels were measured on D1, D2, D6, as well as R3 and R7 (basal levels only) for each condition. Results Basal urinary hepcidin levels were significantly elevated (p???0.05) at D2, R3 and R7 as compared to D1 in RTB. Furthermore, 3�h post-exercise urinary hepcidin levels on D1 were also significantly higher in RTB compared to CTB (p???0.05). In CTB, urinary hepcidin levels were not statistically different on D1 as compared to R7. Iron parameters were not significantly different at D1 compared to R3 and R7 during both conditions. Conclusions These results suggest that basal hepcidin levels may increase over the course of an extended training program, especially if a weight-bearing exercise modality is undertaken. However, despite any variations in hepcidin production, serum iron parameters in both RTB and CTB were unaffected, possibly due to the short duration of each training block. In comparing running to cycling, non-weight-bearing activity may require more training sessions, or sessions of extended duration, before any significant changes in basal hepcidin levels appear. Chronic elevations in hepcidin levels may help to explain the high incidence of iron deficiency in athletes.
A Simple Method for Multi-Day Imaging of Slice Cultures
The organotypic slice culture (Stoppini et al., 1991) has become the method of choice to answer a variety of questions in neuroscience. For many experiments however, it would be beneficial to image or manipulate a slice culture repeatedly, for example over the course of many days. We prepared organotypic slice cultures of the auditory brainstem of P3 and P4 mice and kept them in vitro for up to 4 weeks. Single cells in the auditory brainstem were transfected with plasmids expressing fluorescent proteins by way of electroporation (Haas et al., 2001). The culture was then placed in a chamber perfused with oxygenated ACSF and the labeled cell imaged with an inverted wide-field microscope repeatedly for multiple days, recording several time-points per day, before returning the slice to the incubator. We describe a simple method to image a slice culture preparation over to the course of multiple days and over many continuous hours, without noticeable damage to the tissue or photobleaching. Our method employs a simple, inexpensive custom-built insulator constructed around the microscope to maintain controlled temperature, and uses a perfusion chamber as used for in vitro slice recordings.
Seidl, Armin H.; Rubel, Edwin W
Changes in phosphoinositide metabolism with days in culture affect signal transduction pathways in galdieria sulphuraria
The metabolism of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) changed during the culture period of the thermoacidophilic red alga Galdieria sulphuraria. Seven days after inoculation, the amount of PIP2 in the cells was 910 +/- 100 pmol g-1 fresh weight; by 12 d, PIP2 levels increased to 1200 +/- 150 pmol g-1 fresh weight. In vitro assays indicated that phosphatidylinositol monophosphate (PIP) kinase specific activity increased from 75 to 230 pmol min-1 mg-1 protein between d 7 and 12. When G. sulphuraria cells were osmostimulated, transient increases of up to 4-fold could be observed in inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) levels within 90 s, regardless of the age of the cells. In d-12 cells, the increase in IP3 was preceded by a transient increase of up to 5-fold in specific PIP kinase activity, whereas no such increase was detected after osmostimulation of d-7 cells. The increase in PIP kinase activity before IP3 signaling in d-12 cells indicates that there is an additional pathway for regulation of phosphoinositide metabolism after stimulation other than an initial activation of phospholipase C. Also, the rapid activation of PIP2 biosynthesis in cells with already-high PIP2 levels suggests that the PIP2 present was not available for signal transduction. By comparing the response of the cells at d 7 and 12, we have identified two potentially distinct pools of PIP2. PMID:10198092
Heilmann; Perera; Gross; Boss
Search for evidence of a clock related to the solar 154 day complex of periodicities
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Evidence that has recently been compiled (Bai and Sturrock 1991) indicates that the enigmatic 154-day periodicity in solar activity may be viewed as part of a complex of periodicities that are approximate multiples of 25.8 days, suggesting that the Sun contains a 'clock' with frequency in the range 440 to 463 nano Hz. The clock may comprise either an oscillator or a rotator, each of which may be either real or virtual. We have reconsidered a previous spectrum analysis of the Zurich sunspot-number sequence by Knight, Schatten, and Sturrock (1979) which revealed a sharp, persistent and significant periodicity with a period of 12.072 days, corresponding to a frequency of about 958.8 nano Hz. This periodicity may be regarded as the (second) upper sideband of the second harmonic (2nu(sub R) + 2nu(sub E)) of a fundamental frequency of 447.7 nano Hz that is clearly within the search band. In this expression, nu(sub R) is the sidereal frequency of the hypothetical rotator and nu(sub E) is the frequency (31.69 nano Hz) of the Earth in its orbital motion around the Sun. In analyzing sunspot area data derived from the Greenwich data set, and on noting that any frequency is defined only to within the Nyquist frequency, we find clear evidence not only for the upper sideband of the second harmonic, but also for the second harmonic (2nu(sub R)) and the lower sideband of the second harmonic (2nu(sub R) - 2nu(sub E)). There is no strong peak at the fundamental frequency in the Greenwich data, but there is in the Zurich sunspot data. The effect of a linear oscillator is, to the lowest order in the amplitude, the same as the combined effect of two rotators of opposite polarities. A rotator that has arbitrary orientation with respect to the ecliptic may influence the outer layers of the Sun and thereby modulate the occurrence of solar activity such as sunspots. By analyzing a simple model, we find that such a rotator would influence surface activity in such a way that the spectrum of a 'signal' (such as the record of sunspots), as seen from the Earth, would contain components with frequencies that are certain integral combinations of nu(sub R) and nu(sub E). The amplitudes of the various components depend sensitively on theta, the angle between the axis of the rotator and the axis of the Earth's orbital motion. This simple model therefore offers a kinematical (but not dynamical) interpretation of the sunspot spectrum. The present analysis, while offering support of our conjectures that the Sun contains a clock that regulates the 154-day complex of periodicities, cannot distinguish between an osillator or a rotator (that might be a traveling wave), nor between a real rotator or a virtual rotator (that might be an apparent traveling wave due to the aliasing effect of an oscillator in a rotating system). Further analysis of sunspot and other data sets will be required to confirm the existence of such clock and (if it is real) to determine its physical nature.
Sturrock, P. A.; Bai, T.
Regulation of period 1 expression in cultured rat pineal
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro expression of Period 1 (Per1), Period 2 (Per2) and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) genes in the rat pineal gland to understand the mechanism(s) regulating the expression of these genes in this organ. Pineals, when maintained in vitro for 5 days, did not show circadian rhythmicity in the expression of any of the three genes monitored. Norepinephrine (NE) induced AA-NAT and Per1, whereas its effect on Per2 was negligible. Contrary to what was observed in other systems, NE stimulation did not induce circadian expression of Per1. The effect of NE on Per1 level was dose- and receptor subtype-dependent, and both cAMP and cGMP induced Per1. Per1 was not induced by repeated NE - or forskolin - stimulation. Protein synthesis was not necessary for NE-induced Per1, but it was for reduction of Per1 following NE stimulation. Per1 transcription in pinealocytes was activated by BMAL1/CLOCK. Our results indicate that important differences are present in the regulation of these genes in the mammalian pineal. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Fukuhara, Chiaki; Dirden, James C.; Tosini, Gianluca
Erratum: The 2.27 day period of WR-134 (HD 191765)
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The original temporal analysis of a 12 night spectral timeseries of Wolf-Rayet (WR)-134 has been found to be flawed and a re-analysis shows that the line profile variations are indeed periodic. When combined with a 4 night timeseries taken 45 days earlier, a period near 2.27 d is found in periodograms of the He II lambda 5412 line centroid, rms line width, and line skew variations. When the emission line residuals are ordered as a function of phase, a sinuous feature appears to 'snake' about the line center with an amplitude of +/-500 km/s. This is approximately equal to 20 larger than the line centroid amplitude; the calculation of which is heavily weighted by static portions of the line profile. In addition to the 'snake,' emission residuals appear that move away from line center on unbound trajectories and are thought to result from the interaction of a periodic driver with the unstable flow of the radiation driven wind.
Mccandliss, Stephan R.; Bohannan, Bruce; Robert, Carmelle; Moffat, Anthony F. J.
PCR-Based Quantification of Borrelia burgdorferi Organisms in Canine Tissues over a 500-Day Postinfection Period
Borrelia burgdorferi infection in beagle dogs was studied quantitatively with skin punch biopsy samples and blood samples collected at 4- and 2-week intervals, respectively, over a 500-day period. Thereafter, 25 tissue samples of each dog were collected for further analysis. Starting at day 120 after tick challenge, 12 dogs were treated with antibiotics (azithromycin, ceftriaxone, or doxycycline) for 30 consecutive days. Four dogs received no antibiotic therapy. Quantification of B. burgdorferi DNA was done with an ABI Prism 7700 Sequence Detection System with oligonucleotide primers and a fluorescence-labeled probe designed to specifically amplify a fragment of the ospA gene of B. burgdorferi strain N40. All 16 dogs became infected with B. burgdorferi after tick challenge. In skin biopsy samples, spirochete numbers peaked at day 60 postinfection (<1.5 � 106 organisms per 100 ?g of extracted DNA), at the same time when clinical signs of arthritis developed in 11 of 16 dogs, and decreased to almost undetectable levels during the following 6 months. The number of B. burgdorferi organisms detected in skin biopsy samples was inversely correlated with the antibody levels measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibiotic treatment reduced the amount of detectable spirochete DNA in skin tissue by a factor of 1,000 or more. At the end of the experiment, B. burgdorferi DNA was detectable at low levels (102 to 104 organisms per 100 ?g of extracted DNA) in multiple tissue samples regardless of treatment. However, more tissue samples of untreated dogs than of antibiotic-treated dogs were positive, and tissue samples of untreated dogs also were positive by culture. Only 1.6% of 576 blood samples of all dogs were positive for B. burgdorferi by PCR.
Straubinger, Reinhard K.
Electromagnetic induction in the oceans and the anomalous behaviour of coastal C-responses for periods up to 20 days
Electromagnetic transfer functions at coastal sites are known to be strongly distorted by the conductivity of the seawater. This ocean effect is generally considered to be small for periods greater than a few days. We revise this statement by detailed and systematic model studies in the period range from 1 to 64 days, with subsequent comparison of the modelled and
Alexei V. Kuvshinov; Nils Olsen; Dmitry B. Avdeev; Oleg V. Pankratov
Effect of morphological integrity, period, and type of culture system on the in�vitro development of isolated caprine preantral follicles.
The aims of this study were the following: (1) to define an optimal period for the IVC of isolated caprine preantral follicles, (2) to verify the relationship between follicular morphology (intact, extruded, and degenerate follicles) and estradiol production, and (3) to evaluate the effects of the bidimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems on the in�vitro development of caprine preantral follicles. Three experiments were performed. In experiments 1 and 2, the isolated secondary follicles were cultured for 18, 24, and 30�days or 30, 36, and 42�days, respectively. In experiment 3, the optimal culture period from experiment 2 was used for 2D and 3D culture systems. After culture, the oocytes were submitted to IVM. The morphological integrity, antral cavity formation rates, follicular diameter, presence of healthy, grown oocytes (?110�?m), rates of resumption of meiosis, and estradiol concentrations were evaluated. In experiment 1, the percentage of oocytes that resumed meiosis was higher in oocytes cultured for 30�days (48.84%) than in oocytes cultured for 18 and 24�days (15% and 20.93%, respectively). In experiment 2, the percentage of oocytes that resumed meiosis was significantly higher in oocytes cultured for 30 and 36�days (47.5% and 50%, respectively) than in oocytes cultured for 42�days (20%). The estradiol concentrations on Day 12 of culture were similar for normal and extruded follicles and higher than those observed in degenerate follicles at the end of the culture period. In conclusion, the 36-day culture period resulted in the highest rates of meiosis resumption. In addition, because the loss of follicular integrity affects the patterns of estradiol production, follicular integrity is a good predictor of follicular quality. PMID:24839921
Pessoa, A F C; Rocha, R M P; Brito, I R; Silva, G M; Chaves, R N; Magalh�es-Padilha, D M; Campello, C C; Rodrigues, A P R; Nunes-Pinheiro, D C S; Figueiredo, J R
Optimum Detection Times for Bacteria and Yeast Species with the BACTEC 9120 Aerobic Blood Culture System: Evaluation for a 5Year Period in a Turkish University Hospital
We tracked and documented the time of positivity of blood cultures by using the BACTEC 9120 (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems) blood culture system over a 5-year study period. A 7-day protocol of the incubation period was selected, and a total of 11,156 blood cultures were evaluated. The clinically significant microorganisms (32.95%) were isolated in 3,676 specimens. Gram-positive and -negative
Gul Durmaz; Aydin Aydinli; Abdurrahman Kiremitci; Nuri Kiraz; Yurdanur Akgun
A New Model for Long-Period Tidal Variations in Length of Day
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The standard IERS model for tidal variations in length of day (LOD), covering the band from one week to 18.6 years, stems from a 30-year-old paper by Yoder, Williams, and Parke. Their original table has been updated in the latest adopted standards by modifying only a few constituents: four constituents were adjusted for effects of mantle anelasticity and two constituents for effects of ocean tides. We here present a new, consistent, and comprehensive model. While Yoder et al. employed 62 tidal spectral lines, we employ 80, most of the new lines being higher frequency lines that are now detectable, or nearly detectable, in LOD measurements. We employ an anelastic model of Wahr and Bergen consistently to all lines throughout the entire long-period band, although there remains uncertainty in extrapolating to the lowest frequencies. Our model of ocean tides builds on recent experience modeling the fortnightly Mf tide (Ray and Egbert, Geophys. J. Int., 2012), for which good observational data allow extensive testing of both the numerical ocean model and the Wahr-Bergen anelastic model. Ocean model improvements now appear adequate to remove our dependence on data assimilation for Mf (at least for earth-rotation effects), which is a critical requirement before extending to other frequencies that lack reliable observational constraints. We have run the model for 12 major long-period constituents. The ocean-tide admittance at these 12 frequencies is then interpolated smoothly to all other lines, while relaxing to self-consistent equilibrium for the node tide. Application of this new model to a modern time series of space-geodetic LOD measurements shows a significant reduction in variance compared with the current IERS model. For example, in the 10-70 cpy band, the variance is reduced by 8%.
Ray, R. D.; Erofeeva, S.
Periodic heat shock accelerated the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in pellet culture.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of diseases that seriously affect elderly people's quality of life. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) offer a potential promise for the joint repair in OA patients. However, chondrogenic differentiation from hMSCs in vitro takes a long time (? 6 weeks) and differentiated cells are still not as functionally mature as primary isolated chondrocytes, though chemical stimulations and mechanical loading have been intensively studied to enhance the hMSC differentiation. On the other hand, thermal stimulations of hMSC chondrogenesis have not been well explored. In this study, the direct effects of mild heat shock (HS) on the differentiation of hMSCs into chondrocytes in 3D pellet culture were investigated. Periodic HS at 41 �C for 1 hr significantly increased sulfated glycosaminoglycan in 3D pellet culture at Day 10 of chondrogenesis. Immunohistochemical and Western Blot analyses revealed an increased expression of collagen type II and aggrecan in heat-shocked pellets than non heat-shocked pellets on Day 17 of chondrogenesis. In addition, HS also upregulated the expression of collagen type I and X as well as heat shock protein 70 on Day 17 and 24 of differentiation. These results demonstrate that HS accelerated the chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs and induced an early maturation of chondrocytes differentiated from hMSCs. The results of this study will guide the design of future protocols using thermal treatments to facilitate cartilage regeneration with human mesenchymal stem cells. PMID:24632670
Chen, Jing; Li, Chenghai; Wang, Sihong
NSDL National Science Digital Library
In thinking about a title for this chapter, the word periodicity came to mind. I was sure this had some kind of pop culture reference. After discussing this with my wife, we figured I was thinking of synchronicity, which is a reference to music by the band, The Police. Looking the word Periodicity up on the internet, I found that I was, in fact, a science geek and had not made a hip reference. Periodicity refers mainly to the Periodic Table, which is a focus of this chapter. No music, just science.
Robertson, William C.
Similar delivery rates in a selected group of patients, for day 2 and day 5 embryos both cultured in sequential medium: a randomized study
BACKGROUND: The existence of a real benefit of blastocyst transfer is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to compare, in a prospective randomized trial, the outcome of day 2 and day 5 transfer of human embryos cultured in an 'in-house' sequential medium. METHODS: A total of 193 cycles from 171 patients with less than four
Serena Emiliani; Anne Delbaere; Anne-Sophie Vannin; Jamila Biramane; Yvon Englert; Fabienne Devreker
The First 90 Days of the New Middle School Principal in a Turnaround School: In-Depth Case Study of the Transition Period (First 90 Days)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This study analyzed skills, strategies, and theories that new middle school principals used to be successful during their transition period (the first 90 days) in turnaround schools. Based on research on transitions, three research questions guided the study: 1. Do middle school principals in a turnaround school situation find the transition�
Baeza, Marco A.
Diagnostic Rates Differ on the Basis of the Number of Read Days with the Use of the InPouch Culture System for Trichomonas vaginalis Screening
The InPouch Trichomonas vaginalis test is the gold standard for clinical culture for Trichomonas vaginalis screening. The current package insert recommends an examination period of 3 days. After review of 2,499 InPouch tests spanning 13 years, we observed that examination up to 3 days will detect only 82.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.0% to 86.2%) of positive specimens.
Muzny, Christina A.; Schwebke, Jane R.
Diagnostic rates differ on the basis of the number of read days with the use of the InPouch culture system for Trichomonas vaginalis screening.
The InPouch Trichomonas vaginalis test is the gold standard for clinical culture for Trichomonas vaginalis screening. The current package insert recommends an examination period of 3 days. After review of 2,499 InPouch tests spanning 13 years, we observed that examination up to 3 days will detect only 82.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.0% to 86.2%) of positive specimens. PMID:24006006
Rivers, Charles A; Muzny, Christina A; Schwebke, Jane R
76 FR 6794 - 30-Day Submission Period for Requests for ONC-Approved Accreditor (ONC-AA) Status
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
...Requests for ONC-Approved Accreditor (ONC-AA) Status AGENCY: Office of the National...requests for ONC-Approved Accreditor (ONC-AA) status. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300jj-11...30-day period during which requests for ONC-AA status may be submitted. The 30-day...
This data collection form collects information on the child's activities at the day care center over the 48-hr monitoring period. The diary is divided into three time periods over the 48-monitoring interval. The Food Survey collects information on the frequency and types of frui...
This data set contains data concerning the child?s activities at the day care center over the 48-h monitoring period. The diary was divided into three time periods over the 48-h monitoring interval. The Food Survey collected information on the frequency and types of fruits, veget...
Coccidiosis control by administering toltrazuril in the drinking water for a 2-day period.
A 56-day floor pen study was conducted to determine the appropriate time to administer toltrazuril (Baycox) (TOL) for control of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Litter was seeded with field strains of Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima and Eimeria tenella. On Days 0, 21, 35 and 56, all birds and feed were weighed. Starting on Day 14, weekly lesion scores and oocyst counts were performed. The treatments were 125 ppm nicarb (NIC) in the starter to 66 ppm salinomycin (SAL) in the grower with no TOL (NIC/SAL/no TOL), 66 ppm salinomycin in both the starter and the grower but no TOL (SAL/SAL/no TOL), or no in-feed medication with the following TOL treatment: TOL Days 2-3, TOL Days 6-7, TOL Days 10-11, TOL Days 14-15, TOL Days 18-19, and as control NM/NM/no TOL (NM). The withdrawal feed was nonmedicated. TOL was administered in the drinking water at the rate of 7 mg/kg body weight. Oocysts per gram litter and lesion scores showed a significant infection in the NM birds, which peaked about Day 21. The NIC/SAL gave excellent early protection but only moderate protection during the SAL phase. The final performance for the SAL/SAL was significantly less compared to all TOL and NIC/SAL birds. All TOL treatments but Days 2-3 provided good coccidiosis control with accompanying performance. The absence of clinical coccidiosis relapse during the last third of the growout along with moderate oocyst counts and low lesions was indicative of unimpaired coccidiosis immunity. It can be inferred from the overall results that the use of TOL as the sole anticoccidial for two consecutive days in the drinking water between Days 10 and 14 would be the best time for good coccidiosis control allowing full performance. PMID:15110398
Mathis, G F; Froyman, R; Kennedy, T
Discovery of a 115 Day Orbital Period in the Ultraluminous X-ray Source NGC 5408 X-1
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
We report the detection of a 115 day periodicity in SWIFT/XRT monitoring data from the ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) NGC 5408 X-1. Our o ngoing campaign samples its X-ray flux approximately twice weekly and has now achieved a temporal baseline of ti 485 days. Periodogram ana lysis reveals a significant periodicity with a period of 115.5 +/- 4 days. The modulation is detected with a significance of 3.2 x 10(exp -4) . The fractional modulation amplitude decreases with increasing e nergy, ranging from 0.13 +/- 0.02 above 1 keV to 0.24 +/- 0.02 below 1 keV. The shape of the profile evolves as well, becoming less sharply peaked at higher energies. The periodogram analysis is consistent wi th a periodic process, however, continued monitoring is required to c onfirm the coherent nature of the modulation. Spectral analysis indic ates that NGC 5408 X-1 can reach 0.3 - 10 keV luminosities of approxi mately 2 x 10 40 ergs/s . We suggest that, like the 62 day period of the ULX in M82 (X41.4-1-60), the periodicity detected in NGC 5408 X-1 represents the orbital period of the black hole binary containing the ULX. If this is true then the secondary can only be a giant or super giant star.
Strohmayer, Tod E.
76 FR 33395 - 30-Day Notice of Proposed Information Collections: ECA Sports & Culture Evaluation Surveys
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
...Proposed Information Collections: ECA Sports & Culture Evaluation Surveys ACTION... Title of Information Collection: Sports & Culture Evaluation, Between the Lines... Title of Information Collection: Sports & Culture Evaluation, Sports Envoys...
The effects of firocoxib (Previcox) in geriatric dogs over a period of 90 days.
The long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in geriatric dogs with osteoarthritis has not been well studied in veterinary medicine. This study evaluated the effects of firocoxib administered to dogs over 7 years of age for 90 days. Pain and lameness scores were evaluated by the owner weekly for the 1st month and then biweekly through to the end of the study, the veterinarian evaluated the dogs monthly. Serum chemistry, including urea, creatinine, alanine transferase, aspartate transaminase, bile acids and bilirubin, urine specific gravity and a urine dipstick, were performed at monthly intervals. Forty-five dogs were enrolled into the treatment group and 9 into the control group. A total of 33 dogs completed the trial in the treatment group and 8 in the control group. Lameness and pain scores were found to be significantly lower in the treated group from day 30 for most parameters evaluated. Bile acids (although not comparable to controls, with higher mean value and a high standard deviation in the control group; in addition the control group had increased bile acids at day 0) and urea (within normal reference range provided (WNL)) were significantly different in the treatment group between days 0 and 90. Urea (WNL) on days 30 and 90 and creatinine (WNL) on day 90 were significantly different between the control group and the treatment group. The most common adverse events reported were diarrhoea, vomition, dark faeces and anorexia. This study showed that firocoxib was effective in managing pain associated with osteoarthritis for 90 days. Despite the geriatric high-risk population used for this study, minimal biochemical changes were seen and adverse drug events seen were in agreement with those previously reported. PMID:20169752
Joubert, K E
Differences in Regional Blood Volume During a 28-Day Period of Abstinence in Chronic Cannabis Smokers
Cerebral blood volume (CBV) studies have provided important insight into the effects of illicit substances such as cannabis. The present study examined changes in regional blood volume in the frontal and temporal lobe, and the cerebellum during 28 days of supervised abstinence from cannabis. Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSCMRI) data were collected on 15 current, long-term cannabis users between 6 and 36 hours after the subjects' last reported cannabis use (Day 0), and again after 7 and 28 days of abstinence. Resting state CBV images were also acquired on 17 healthy comparison subjects. The present findings demonstrate that at Day 7, cannabis users continued to display increased blood volumes in the right frontal region, the left and right temporal regions, and the cerebellum. However, after 28 days of abstinence, only the left temporal area and cerebellum showed significantly increased CBV values in cannabis users. These findings suggest that while CBV levels begin to normalize with continued abstinence from cannabis, specifically in frontal areas, other temporal and cerebellar brain regions show slower CBV decreases.
Sneider, Jennifer T.; Pope, Harrison G.; Silveri, Marisa M.; Simpson, Norah S.; Gruber, Staci A.; Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah A.
Building enterprise-wide resilience by integrating business continuity capability into day-to-day business culture and technology.
This paper follows the development of the business continuity planning (BCP) programme at Lehman Brothers following the events of September 11th. Previous attempts to implement a `traditional' form of BCP had been ineffective, but following the events, the firm began to look at BCP in a new light. This paper deals with three main themes: creating a culture of resiliency, leveraging technology, and building flexible plans. Distributing accountability for BCP to business line managers, integrating BCP change management into the normal course of business, and providing every employee with personalised BCP information breeds a culture of resiliency where people are empowered to react to events without burdensome, hierarchical response and recovery procedures. Building a strong relationship with one's application development community can result in novel, customised BCP solutions; existing systems and data structures can be used to enhance an existing BCP. Even the best plans are often challenged by events; understanding that flexibility is essential to effective incident response is a critical element in the development of a proper business continuity plan. PMID:21339108
Alesi, Patrick
Discovery of a 30. 5 day periodicity in LMC X-4
Observations covering a 500/sup d/ time span made with High-Energy X-ray and Low-Energy Gamma-Ray Instrument on HEAO 1 reveal a 30./sup d/48 +- 0./sup d/06 peroidic variability in the approx.13 to approx.80 keV flux from LMC X-4. The source intensity is modulated by at least a factor of 5 through the 30./sup d/5 cycle and is low for approx.40% of the cycle. A value of the orbital period P = 1./sup d/40839 +- 0./sup d/00010 is determined from the observations. Possible origins of the 30./sup d/5 period are discussed.
Lang, F.L.; Levine, A.M.; Bautz, M.; Hauskins, S.; Howe, S.; Primini, F.A.; Lewin, W.H.G.; Baity, W.A.; Knight, F.K.; Rothschild, R.E.; Petterson, J.A.
Extending the School Day: An Evaluation Study of a Seven-Period Class Schedule.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The effectiveness of the seven-period schedule implemented at a rural high school in southwestern Virginia and the feasibility of extending the system to other high schools were assessed. Topics of study included whether students chose to take additional courses, which courses were selected, problems for students and faculty created by the�
Bishop, Jerry; And Others
GABAA receptor activation suppresses Period 1 mRNA and Period 2 mRNA in the suprachiasmatic nucleus during the mid-subjective day.
The mammalian circadian clock can be entrained by photic and nonphotic environmental time cues. gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a nonphotic stimulus that induces phase advances in the circadian clock during the middle of the subjective day. Several nonphotic stimuli suppress Period 1- and Period 2 mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN); however, the effect of GABA on Period mRNA is unknown. In the present study we demonstrate that microinjection of the GABA(A) receptor agonist muscimol into the SCN region suppresses the expression of Period 1 mRNA in the hamster. A significant suppression of Period 2 mRNA following microinjection of muscimol was not observed in free-running conditions. However, Period 2 mRNA was significantly reduced following muscimol treatment when animals were maintained under a light cycle and transferred to constant darkness 42 h prior to treatment. An additional study investigated the maximum behavioural phase advance inducible by GABA(A) receptor activation.Together, these data indicate that, like other nonphotic stimuli, GABA suppresses Period 1- and Period 2 mRNA in the SCN. PMID:16820022
Ehlen, J Christopher; Novak, Colleen M; Karom, Mary C; Gamble, Karen L; Paul, Ketema N; Albers, H Elliott
Development of an automated 7-day 96-well Caco-2 cell culture model.
Caco-2 cells are a widely accepted model to predict permeability and absorption of compounds in humans. We built up an automated 96-wellplate Caco-2 permeation model with reduced growth time. Model compounds (metoprolol, ketoprofen, verapamil, naproxen, hydrochlorthiazide), permeability markers (TEER, Lucifer Yellow, D-[1-(14)C]-mannitol) and confocal microscopy were used to assess the utility of our method on Biomek-FX-automation. The confocal imaging data showed that Caco-2 cells formed monolayers when cultured for 7 days with initial cell density of 2.1 x 10(5) cells/cm2. P-Glycoprotein was present in Caco-2 cells, localized on the plasma membrane. Permeation of model compounds was comparable to those obtained from traditional 12-wellplate experiments. PMID:18604991
Galkin, A; Pakkanen, J; Vuorela, P
Fermentation of liquid coproducts and liquid compound diets: Part 1. Effects on chemical composition during 6-day storage period
The effects of a 6-day storage period on changes in dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, true protein, crude fat, starch, soluble starch, sugar and lactose of three liquid coproducts and two liquid compound diets were studied. The three liquid coproducts studied were: liquid wheat starch (LWS), mashed potato steam peel (PSP) and cheese whey (CW), and the two liquid
R. H. J. Scholten; M. M. J. A. Rijnen; J. W. Schrama; H. Boer; P. C. Vesseur; Hartog den L. A; C. M. C. Van Der Peet-Schwering; M. W. A. Verstegen
78 FR 69077 - Notice of 30-Day Public Review Period and Availability of Final Environmental Assessment and...
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
This notice provides information on the 30-day public review period and availability of a Final Environmental Assessment (EA) and Draft Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) for the Department of Navy's (DoN) transfer of excess property at Naval Air Station (NAS) Alameda, Alameda,...
Risk Factors for Pneumococcal Carriage in Day Care Centers: A Retrospective Study During a 10-year Period.
In this retrospective epidemiologic study, we present pneumococcal carriage data from 109 Swedish day care centers over a period of 10 years. Aspects of season, age, personnel and group size were studied. We found a significant seasonal variation in pneumococcal carriage. Group size was a significant risk factor for pneumococcal carriage. Pneumococcal carriage was 4.5 % in personnel. PMID:24736443
Ahl, Jonas; Melander, Eva; Odenholt, Inga; Tvetman, Lisa; Th�rnblad, Tora; Riesbeck, Kristian; Ringberg, H�kan
Auroral and thermospheric response to the 9 day periodic variations in the dayside reconnection rate in 2005
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
In this paper we seek the means to forecast changes in thermospheric composition. In particular, we focus on a period where there was a strong 9 day periodicity in the high-latitude drivers, as this provides the best opportunity to explore our ability to determine the signature of the drivers that change the thermosphere. Using measurements from ACE and TIMED/GUVI in 2005, we establish a link among the dayside magnetic merging rate (MMR), auroral hemispheric power (HP), thermospheric neutral density, and temperature as all of them showed a clear 9 day variation. The magnitude of the 9 day variation in the thermospheric temperature increased from the equator (?latitude? < 30) to the midlatitude (30 < ?latitude? < 45) and reached its peak values at high latitudes (45 < ?latitude? < 90). These observations confirm that changes in thermospheric composition are created locally at high latitude (i.e., in the auroral zone). These composition changes then expanded to lower latitudes due to the global thermosphere circulation. The correlation among the drivers (MMR and HP) and the thermospheric density/temperature provides an opportunity to establish a forecast relationship between solar wind and IMF measurements and thermospheric conditions. The 9 day periodic variation in HP and the thermosphere also leads to periodic variations in ionosphere electron density/conductance and field-aligned currents. All these changes strongly impact satellite drag, satellite surface charging, and radio frequency propagation.
Zhang, Yongliang; Paxton, Larry J.; Morrison, Daniel
The draft "Overview" report from the U.S. National Assessment was released today for a 60-day public comment period. The report, entitled "Climate Change Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change," was written by the National Asses...
The 54-day orbital period of AX J1820.5-1434 unveiled by Swift
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Context. The hard X-ray survey that Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) has been performing since late 2004 provides a considerable database for a large number of sources, whose hard X-ray emission are poorly known. Aims: We exploit the BAT survey archive to improve the temporal and spectral characterization of the Galactic hard-X-ray sources. We focus here on the study of the high mass X-ray binary AX J1820.5-1434. Methods: All the data relevant to AX J1820.5-1434 were extracted from the BAT survey archive and analyzed using a folding technique to search for periodical modulations. A broad-band spectral analysis was also performed, complementing the BAT spectrum with the available Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT) and XMM-Newton pointed observations. Results: A timing analysis revealed the detection of a coherent signal at P0 = 54.0 � 0.4 d, which we interpret as the orbital period of the binary system. When folded with a period of P0, the light curve shows an asymmetric profile with a minimum roughly consistent with zero intensity. The broadband spectral analysis coupling Swift-XRT, XMM-Newton, and Swift-BAT spectra confirms that the source emission is well modeled with a strongly absorbed power law with no evidence of a high energy exponential cutoff.
Segreto, A.; La Parola, V.; Cusumano, G.; D'A�, A.; Masetti, N.; Campana, S.
"A Day in the Life": Advancing a Methodology for the Cultural Study of Development and Learning in Early Childhood
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This paper explores the methodology of an ecological investigation of aspects of culture in the interactional construction of early childhood in diverse global communities: Peru, Italy, Canada, Thailand, and the United Kingdom. Regarding culture as a dynamic dimension of the child's socialisation, the approach taken was to film a "day in the life"�
Gillen, Julia; Cameron, Catherine Ann; Tapanya, Sombat; Pinto, Giuliana; Hancock, Roger; Young, Susan; Gamannossi, Beatrice Accorti
Characteristics of the equatorial ionization anomaly in relation to the day-to-day variability of ionospheric irregularities around the postsunset period
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The equatorial ionosphere is characterized by the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) over a major part of the day, and ionospheric F region irregularities causing amplitude and phase scintillations on transionospheric satellite links during the postsunset period. Scintillations of transionospheric signals constitute one of the most intense Space Weather related propagation effects and exhibit extreme variability in space and time. The EIA exhibits an asymmetry in terms of the extents of the crests and peak ion densities on either side of the magnetic equator. It has been suggested that transequatorial winds cause significant redistribution of ionization with respect to the magnetic equator resulting in this asymmetry. The asymmetry in EIA between the two hemispheres has been suggested to influence growth of plasma instability and hence occurrence of scintillations. This paper presents some measures of EIA asymmetry derived from the latitudinal distribution of topside F region ionization density over the magnetic equator in the Indian longitude sector obtained from DMSP satellites and investigates their correspondence with the day-to-day variability of geostationary L band scintillations observed from Calcutta (latitude: 22.58�N; longitude: 88.38�E geographic; magnetic dip: 32�N) situated near the northern crest of the EIA during the high sunspot number years 2000-2001. A parameter combining the strength as well as the asymmetry of the EIA has been derived which shows good correlation with the occurrence of postsunset geostationary L band scintillations. These quantitative estimates may be used for forecasting occurrences of scintillations by system operators.
Paul, A.; Dasgupta, A.
The Father's Role During Childbirth and the Neonatal Period in Three Cultures
One area in which culture is particularly pervasive is during childbirth and the surrounding period . ( Brownlee 1978, p. 1 98 ) In particular, the role of the father is thought to be especially susceptible to cultural influences because he is less biologically-linked to the infant than the mother. ( Clark 1 978, p. 15 ; May 1978, p.
Sarah J. Bucknell
76 FR 16030 - 60-Day Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs...
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[Simulation model of the development stages of flue-cured tobacco based on physiological development period and growing degree days].
Based on the 2010-2011 experimental data of planting flue-cured tobacco in its representative production counties of Yunnan Province, Southwest China, the models of the tobacco plant physiological development period and growing degree days were established, and validated by the observation data from local agro-meteorological stations. The two models had good performance at pre-transplanting stage, and the errors of the estimated dates were smaller. After transplanting stage, the errors of the estimated dates were larger, because of the disturbances from farming activities such as transplanting and topping. The simulated values based on the tobacco plant physiological development period had a higher coincidence with the observed values, especially at the pretransplanting stage, with the errors of the estimated dates being smaller than two days. As affected by the photoperiod effect, the model of tobacco plant physiological development period fitted better in high latitude regions than in low latitude regions. PMID:23755485
Zhang, Ming-Da; Zhu, Yong; Hu, Xue-Qiong; Li, Meng; Li, Xiao-yan
Spin-Orbit Alignment for 110 Day Period KOI368.01 from Gravity Darkening
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
We fit the Kepler photometric light curve of the KOI-368 system using an oblate, gravity-darkened stellar model in order to constrain its spin-orbit alignment. We find that the system is relatively well-aligned with a sky-projected spin-orbit alignment of ? = 10� � 2�, a stellar obliquity of ? = 3� � 7�, and a true spin-orbit alignment of phiv = 11� � 3�. Although our measurement differs significantly from zero, the low value for phiv is consistent with spin-orbit alignment. We also measure various transit parameters of the KOI-368 system: R KOI-368 = 2.28 � 0.02 R ?, Rp = 1.83 � 0.02 R jup, and i = 89.�221 � 0.�013. This work shows that our gravity-darkened model can constrain long-period, well-aligned planets and M-class stars orbiting fast-rotators, allowing for measurement of a new subcategory of transiting bodies.
Ahlers, John P.; Seubert, Shayne A.; Barnes, Jason W.
Clouds in North Polar Region Tracked by MOC Over Five Day Period
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)It is mid-summer in the northern hemisphere of Mars--a time of enhanced heating that leads to the release of water vapor into the atmosphere. In the north polar region, temperature differences between bright areas of year-round ice and dark areas of sand and rock create strong winds that mix the atmosphere and create waves of clouds that swirl around the polar cap. Sometimes, as seen during the Viking mission, these winds form tight cyclones; other times, they weave an intricate pattern reflecting the turbulence of the circulation of the atmosphere. This animation shows four days of observations of a representative portion of the northern hemisphere. Five Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) wide angle image pairs(red/blue filters) were combined. These image pairs were warped to create a polar stereographic map projection, which is used by cartographers to present polar areas as if viewed from above. The edges of the pictures move back and forth because of the slightly different path taken by the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft on each of the five orbits used in this sequence. Seen in the right-hand side of the image is the permanent ice cap and the dark areas that surround it. The motion of the clouds viewed in this image is typical for this season on Mars, and shows forms often seen on Earth. Waves of clouds are moving from the upper portion of the frame towards the bottom (towards the east northeast). This motion is most likely the movement of a moister portion of the martian atmosphere under the influence of circumpolar winds. Early in the sequence, a prominent circular band of clouds moves almost due east, rotating slightly counter-clockwise. Towards the end of the sequence, the circle dissipates and a linear set of clouds propagates towards the bottom of the frame. Linear cloud speeds vary from day today, averaging about 16 km/hr (10 miles/hr); rotational rates appear to have been less than 10 km/hr (6 miles/hr). Malin Space Science Systems and the California Institute of Technology built the MOC using spare hardware from the Mars Observer mission. MSSS operates the camera from its facilities in San Diego, CA. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Mars Surveyor Operations Project operates the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft with its industrial partner, Lockheed Martin Astronautics, from facilities in Pasadena, CA and Denver, CO.
An estimate of equatorial wave energy flux at 9- to 90-day periods in the Central Pacific
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Deep fluctuations in current along the equator in the Central Pacific are dominated by coherent structures which correspond closely to narrow-band propagating equatorial waves. Currents were measured roughly at 1500 and 3000 m depths at five moorings between 144 and 148 deg W from January 1981 to March 1983, as part of the Pacific Equatorial Ocean Dynamics program. In each frequency band resolved, a single complex empirical orthogonal function accounts for half to three quarters of the observed variance in either zonal or meridional current. Dispersion for equatorial first meridional Rossby and Rossby gravity waves is consistent with the observed vertical-zonal coherence structure. The observations indicate that energy flux is westward and downward in long first meridional mode Rossby waves at periods 45 days and longer, and eastward and downward in short first meridional mode Rossby waves and Rossby-gravity waves at periods 30 days and shorter. A local minimum in energy flux occurs at periods corresponding to a maximum in upper-ocean meridional current energy contributed by tropical instability waves. Total vertical flux across the 9- to 90-day period range is 2.5 kW/m.
Eriksen, Charles C.; Richman, James G.
35 day cycle and the rotation period of HER X-1
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Sampling observations of a complete 35d cycle of Her X-1 during March 1, to April 5, 1984 with the low and medium energy X-ray detectors of EXOSAT are presented. The intensities measured in the Argon detectors are compared with the UHURU 35d light curve to obtain the turn-on times of two consecutive cycles as JD 2445753.0 + or - 1.0, and JD 2445788.0 + or - 0.5. The low energy data is used to determine the rotation period and its derivative as: 1.23779200 s + or 50 ns, and (-2 + or - 1) x 10 to the -13th respectively, at the epoch JD 2445778.56. Analysis of the pulse arrival phases indicate that during mid-on phase of the 35d cycle there is shift of about 180 deg. Evidence for the long term correlated changes of P35 and P1.24s is presented, confirming the low quality of the 35d clock and suggesting that the basic clock mechanism must lie in the disk structure itself.
Oegelman, H.; Kahabka, P.; Pietsch, W.; Truemper, J.; Voges, W.
Identifying a New Intermediate SFXT: Discovering a 30 Day Period in SAX J1818.6-1703
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Supergiant fast X-ray transients (SFXTs) are recently discovered members of the expanding family of high mass X-ray binaries. They represent a population of sources which show transient activity and are associated with blue supergiant optical counterparts. To date INTEGRAL has observed 9 SFXTs; three of which have been conformed to be X-ray pulsars. The fast, transient nature of these sources makes them a challenge to study and understand. Recently, periodic behaviour has been discovered in three such systems and has been attributed to orbital motion. We present here the discovery of a 30 day period in SAX J1818.6-1703.
Hill, A. B.; Bird, A. J.; Bazzano, A.; McBride, V. A.; Sguera, V.; Shaw, S. E.; Watkins, H. J.
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The role of 3D microenvironmental organization in MCF-7 epithelial-mesenchymal transition after 7 culture days.
We present a multi-technique study on in vitro epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human MCF-7 cells cultured on electrospun scaffolds of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA), with random and aligned fiber orientations. Our aim is to investigate the morphological and genetic characteristics induced by extracellular matrix in tumor cells cultured in different 3D environments, and at different time points. Cell vitality was assessed with AlamarBlue at days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Scanning electron microscopy was performed at culture days 3 and 7. Immunohistochemistry (for E-cadherin, ?-catenin, cytokeratins, nucleophosmin, tubulin, Ki-67 and vimentin), immunofluorescence (for F-actin) western blot (for E-cadherin, ?-catenin and vimentin) and transmission electron microscopy were carried out at day 7. An EMT gene array followed by PCR analysis confirmed the regulation of selected genes. At day 7, scanning electron microscopy on aligned-PLA revealed spindle-shaped cells gathered in buds and ribbon-like structures, with a higher nucleolar/nuclear ratio and a loss in E-cadherin and ?-catenin at immunohistochemistry and western blot. An up-regulation of SMAD2, TGF-?2, TFPI2 and SOX10 was found in aligned-PLA compared to random-PLA cultured cells. The topography of the extracellular matrix has a role in tumor EMT, and a more aggressive phenotype characterizes MCF-7 cells cultured on aligned-PLA scaffold. PMID:23583658
Foroni, Laura; Vasuri, Francesco; Valente, Sabrina; Gualandi, Chiara; Focarete, Maria Letizia; Caprara, Giacomo; Scandola, Mariastella; D'Errico-Grigioni, Antonia; Pasquinelli, Gianandrea
42 CFR 409.63 - Reduction of inpatient psychiatric benefit days available in the initial benefit period.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
...from the 150 days (90 regular days plus 60 lifetime reserve days) which would otherwise be...the 90 benefit days, plus any remaining lifetime reserve days, subject to the 190 day lifetime limit on psychiatric hospital care,...
Global Characteristics of the Correlation and Time Lag Between Solar and Ionospheric Parameters in the 27-day Period
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The 27-day variations of topside ionosphere are investigated using the in-situ electron density measurements from the CHAMP planar Langmuir probe and GRACE K-band ranging system. As the two satellite systems orbit at the altitudes of approx. 370 km and approx. 480 km, respectively, the satellite data sets are greatly valuable for examining the electron density variations in the vicinity of F2-peak. In a 27-day period, the electron density measurements from the satellites are in good agreements with the solar flux, except during the solar minimum period. The time delays are mostly 1-2 day and represent the hemispherical asymmetry. The globally-estimated spatial patterns of the correlation between solar flux and in-situ satellite measurements show poor correlations in the (magnetic) equatorial region, which are not found from the ground measurements of vertically-integrated electron content. We suggest that the most plausible cause for the poor correlation is the vertical movement of ionization due to atmospheric dynamic processes that is not controlled by the solar extreme ultraviolet radiation.
Lee, Choon-Ki; Han, Shin-Chan; Dieter,Bilitza; Ki-Weon,Seo
What Time Periods of the Day Are Concerning for Parents of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?
Background/Aim The questionnaire-children with difficulties (QCD) is a parent-assessed questionnaire designed to evaluate a child�s difficulties in functioning during specific time periods of the day. In this study, the QCD was applied to determine the time periods of the day that are concerning for the parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The results were compared with those for a community sample. Methods Elementary and junior high school students with ADHD (243 boys, 55 girls) and a community sample of children (518 boys, 618 girls) were enrolled in this study. Their behaviors were assessed by the QCD, the ADHD-rating scale (ADHD-RS), and the Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory (ODBI). The effects of gender (boy/girl) and diagnosis (ADHD/community sample) on the total QCD score were analyzed across each school grade (elementary/junior high school). Correlation coefficients between QCD and ADHD-RS/ODBI scores were analyzed. Results The QCD score for the ADHD group was significantly lower than that for the community sample (P < 0.001). There were significantly strong correlations between �evening� and ADHD-RS and ODBI scores for all children with ADHD (r > 0.41, P < 0.001) and between �night� and inattention and oppositional symptoms for the girls with ADHD (r > 0.40, P < 0.001). Conclusions Parents reported that children with ADHD faced greater difficulties in completing basic daily activities compared with the community controls, particularly in the evening. Furthermore, these difficulties were related to the severity of ADHD symptoms. The parents� perceptions depended on the gender, ADHD and oppositional symptoms, and the time period of the day. This study determined that children with ADHD face greater difficulties in daily functioning compared with community sample children, that these difficulties are time-dependent, and that these difficulties were particularly experienced in the evening.
Usami, Masahide; Okada, Takashi; Sasayama, Daimei; Iwadare, Yoshitaka; Watanabe, Kyota; Ushijima, Hirokage; Kodaira, Masaki; Sugiyama, Nobuhiro; Sawa, Tetsuji; Saito, Kazuhiko
Dynamic Reorientation of Cultured Cells and Stress Fibers under Mechanical Stress from Periodic Stretching
Cell lines derived from rat aorta and frog kidney were cultured on elastic membrane, and mechanical stress was given to the cells by stretching the membrane periodically. Cell reorientation oblique to the direction of stretching occurred as a result of the rapid withdrawal of cell periphery located along the direction of stretching and gradual extension of the cell membrane toward
Kimihide Hayakawa; Naruki Sato; Takashi Obinata
Scale-up and optimization of an acoustic filter for 200 L/day perfusion of a CHO cell culture.
Acoustic cell retention devices have provided a practical alternative for up to 50 L/day perfusion cultures but further scale-up has been limited. A novel temperature-controlled and larger-scale acoustic separator was evaluated at up to 400 L/day for a 10(7) CHO cell/mL perfusion culture using a 100-L bioreactor that produced up to 34 g/day recombinant protein. The increased active volume of this scaled-up separator was divided into four parallel compartments for improved fluid dynamics. Operational settings of the acoustic separator were optimized and the limits of robust operations explored. The performance was not influenced over wide ranges of duty cycle stop and run times. The maximum performance of 96% separation efficiency at 200 L/day was obtained by setting the separator temperature to 35.1 degrees C, the recirculation rate to three times the harvest rate, and the power to 90 W. While there was no detectable effect on culture viability, viable cells were selectively retained, especially at 50 L/day, where there was a 5-fold higher nonviable washout efficiency. Overall, the new temperature-controlled and scaled-up separator design performed reliably in a way similar to smaller-scale acoustic separators. These results provide strong support for the feasibility of much greater scale-up of acoustic separations. PMID:12325152
Gorenflo, Volker M; Smith, Laura; Dedinsky, Bob; Persson, Bo; Piret, James M
42 CFR 137.135 - May the Secretary request and obtain an extension of time of the 45 day review period?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
...Secretary request and obtain an extension of time of the 45 day review period? 137.135...Secretary request and obtain an extension of time of the 45 day review period? Yes, the Secretary may request an extension of time before the expiration of the 45...
Optimal Culture Incubation Time in Orthopedic Device-Associated Infections: a Retrospective Analysis of Prolonged 14-Day Incubation
Accurate diagnosis of orthopedic device-associated infections can be challenging. Culture of tissue biopsy specimens is often considered the gold standard; however, there is currently no consensus on the ideal incubation time for specimens. The aim of our study was to assess the yield of a 14-day incubation protocol for tissue biopsy specimens from revision surgery (joint replacements and internal fixation devices) in a general orthopedic and trauma surgery setting. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively in order to identify cases of infection according to predefined diagnostic criteria. From August 2009 to March 2012, 499 tissue biopsy specimens were sampled from 117 cases. In 70 cases (59.8%), at least one sample showed microbiological growth. Among them, 58 cases (82.9%) were considered infections and 12 cases (17.1%) were classified as contaminations. The median time to positivity in the cases of infection was 1 day (range, 1 to 10 days), compared to 6 days (range, 1 to 11 days) in the cases of contamination (P < 0.001). Fifty-six (96.6%) of the infection cases were diagnosed within 7 days of incubation. In conclusion, the results of our study show that the incubation of tissue biopsy specimens beyond 7 days is not productive in a general orthopedic and trauma surgery setting. Prolonged 14-day incubation might be of interest in particular situations, however, in which the prevalence of slow-growing microorganisms and anaerobes is higher.
Wahl, Peter; Fracheboud, Dominique; Gautier, Emanuel
A "Day in the Lives" of Four Resilient Youths: Cultural Roots of Resilience
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Grounded in the examples of four impoverished, relocated youths (two Sesotho-speaking orphans in South Africa and two Mexican immigrants in Canada), we explore cultural factors as potential roots of resilience. We triangulate rich qualitative findings (visual, dialogical, and observational) to foreground the particular, as well as acknowledge the�
Theron, Linda; Cameron, Catherine Ann; Didkowsky, Nora; Lau, Cindy; Liebenberg, Linda; Ungar, Michael
The Class and Cultural Functions of Obesity Discourse: Our Latter Day Child Saving Movement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This paper examines the inexorable rise of "health" as regulative discourse, highlighting its class and cultural dimensions. With reference to the policy content of recent obesity reports, analysis suggests that contemporary concerns around obesity are but a modern variant of earlier eighteenth and nineteenth century child saving crusades whose�
Evans, John; Davies, Brian; Rich, Emma
We report the detection of asymmetry in the transit light curves of the 110 day period companion to KOI-368, a rapidly rotating A-dwarf. The significant distortion in the transit light curve is attributed to spin-orbit misalignment between the transiting companion and the gravity darkened host star. Our analysis was based on 11 long cadence and 2 short cadence transits of KOI-368.01 from the Kepler mission, as well as stellar parameters determined from our follow-up spectroscopic observation. We measured the true obliquity between the orbit normal and the stellar rotation axis to be 69{sub -10}{sup +9o}. We also find a secondary eclipse event with depth 29 � 3 ppm at phase 0.59, from which the temperature of the companion is constrained to 3060 � 50 K, indicating that KOI-368.01 is a late M-dwarf. The eccentricity is also calculated from the eclipse to be 0.1429 � 0.0007. The long period, high obliquity, and low eccentricity of KOI-368.01 allow us to limit a number of proposed theories for the misalignment of binary systems.
Zhou, George [Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston Creek, ACT 2611 (Australia)] [Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston Creek, ACT 2611 (Australia); Huang, Chelsea X., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 (United States)
Effect of dark/light periods on the polyhydroxyalkanoate production of a photosynthetic mixed culture.
This work studied the possibility of operating a viable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producing photosynthetic mixed culture (PMC) under dark/light periods without aeration. The culture was subjected to a feast and famine regime, being fed in the dark phase and entering into famine during the light phase. Throughout consecutive feast and famine dark/light periods, the PMC became enriched in PHA accumulating organisms, where non-PHA producing algae that can grow under continuous illumination were out-competed. The very low algae levels enabled greater light and carbon source availability for PHA accumulating bacteria, leading to higher metabolic rates and PHA levels. The PMC reached a PHA content of 30% PHA/VSS, and doubled its specific PHA production rate in relation to PMCs operated previously under continuous illumination. This new process takes a further step towards operating a more cost effective PMC system for PHA production, opening up the possibility for direct sunlight utilization in the future. PMID:24077157
Fradinho, J C; Oehmen, A; Reis, M A M
HepG2 cells develop signs of riboflavin deficiency within four days of culture in riboflavin-deficient medium*
Flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide are essential coenzymes in redox reactions. For example, flavin adenine dinucleotide is a coenzyme for both glutathione reductase and enzymes that mediate the oxidative folding of secretory proteins. Here we investigated short-term effects of moderately riboflavin-deficient culture medium on flavin-related responses in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells. Cells were cultured in riboflavin-deficient (3.1 nmol/L) medium for up to six days; controls were cultured in riboflavin-sufficient (532 nmol/L) medium. The activity of glutathione reductase decreased by 98% within four days of riboflavin-deficient culture. Transport rates of riboflavin increased in response to riboflavin depletion, whereas expression of enzymes mediating flavocoenzyme synthesis (flavokinase and flavin adenine dinucleotide synthetase) decreased in response to depletion. The oxidative folding and synthesis of plasminogen and apolipoprotein B-100, respectively, was impaired within four days of culture in riboflavin-deficient medium; this is consistent with impaired processing of secretory proteins in riboflavin-deficient cells. Riboflavin depletion was associated with increased DNA-binding activities of transcription factors with affinity for endoplasmic reticulum stress elements and NF-?B consensus elements, suggesting cell stress. Moreover, the abundance of the stress-induced protein GADD153 was greater in riboflavin-deficient cells compared with controls. Riboflavin deficiency was associated with decreased rates of cell proliferation caused by arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle. These studies are consistent with the hypothesis that HepG2 cells have a great demand for riboflavin, and that cell stress develops rapidly if riboflavin supply is marginally low.
Werner, Ricarda; Manthey, Karoline C.; Griffin, Jacob B.; Zempleni, Janos
Culture and Character Education in a Jewish Day School: A Case Study of Life and Experience
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This article addresses how to teach character comprehensively by studying ways a school's concurrent curricula (the official curriculum, the operational curriculum, the extra curriculum, and the hidden curriculum) can be used to teach character to students. A single case study analyzes the curriculum at a Jewish day school by examining school�
Roso, Calvin G.
Short-day and long-day expression patterns of genes involved in the flesh fly clock mechanism: period, timeless, cycle and cryptochrome
Though our knowledge of the molecular details of the circadian clock has advanced rapidly, the functional elements of the photoperiodic clock remain largely unknown. As a first step to approach this issue, we report here the sequences and expression patterns of period (per), timeless (tim), cycle (cyc) and cryptochrome (cry) mRNAs in the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis. Nucleotide and deduced
Shin G Goto; David L Denlinger
Dignity at the end of our days: personal, familial, and cultural location.
The desire to be treated with dignity, particularly at the end of one's life, is a fairly universal preference found in most cultures. Such treatment requires positive actions of respect in the behaviour of others toward the dying and the dead. It also involves negative actions, particularly refraining from doing "dignatory harms" to the dead and the dying. Yet it is not always easy for clinicians and researchers who deal with the dying and dead to decide on appropriate action or inaction. I suggest that such decision making can be helped by locating the dying person along three dimensions: the personal, the familial, and the cultural. These elements are interrelated in complex ways that need to be unpacked in context. Thus, one person may locate herself within a familial context while a sibling may locate himself against that context. While locating individuals along the three dimensions suggested does not "solve" ethical problems, it should help clinicians in understanding and dealing more compassionately with the dead, the dying, their families, and their communities. PMID:15511035
McDonald, Michael
[Method for transurethral catheterization for 1-3 days for pelvic floor relaxation in the postoperative period].
This clinic trial, randomized and blinded was done to determine efficient whether reducing transurethral Foley catheterization from 3 days to 1 would lead to fewer urinary (UTI) tract infections without retention becoming a problem. Fifty women undergoing vaginal plastic repair to either 1 or 3 days catheterization. Of 25 patients catheterized for both group postoperative urinary retention occurred in 2 (8%) and required a new catheter. Of 25 patients catheterized for 1 day UTI was diagnosed in 1 (4%) and in 5(20) of those catheterized for 3 days, mean postoperative stay was 2 day for patients catheterized for 1 day and 3 days for those for 3 days. The differences are statistically significant, therefore catheter time may safely be reduced to 1 day. This may be associated with a reduced rate postoperative urinary retention, urinary tract infection, and stay postoperative. PMID:9441144
Alonzo-Sosa, J E; Flores-Contreras, J T; Paredes-Canul, M
29 CFR 37.79 - If, before the 90-day period has expired, a recipient issues a Notice of Final Action with which...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
...Secretary of Labor IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NONDISCRIMINATION AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY PROVISIONS OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT OF 1998 (WIA) Compliance Procedures � 37.79 If, before the 90-day period has expired, a recipient issues a Notice...
Optimum Detection Times for Bacteria and Yeast Species with the BACTEC 9120 Aerobic Blood Culture System: Evaluation for a 5-Year Period in a Turkish University Hospital
We tracked and documented the time of positivity of blood cultures by using the BACTEC 9120 (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems) blood culture system over a 5-year study period. A 7-day protocol of the incubation period was selected, and a total of 11,156 blood cultures were evaluated. The clinically significant microorganisms (32.95%) were isolated in 3,676 specimens. Gram-positive and -negative bacterial isolation rates were found to be 41.07 and 44.88%, respectively. Yeasts were found in 14.03% of all pathogens. Both the false-positivity and -negativity rates were very low (0.1 and 0.3%, respectively). The mean detection times for all of the pathogens were determined to be 19.45 h. Yeasts, nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria, and Brucella melitensis strains were isolated within 5 days. By taking these data into account, we decided to establish a 5-day-incubation protocol in our laboratory instead of the 7 days that are commonly used.
Durmaz, Gul; Us, Tercan; Aydinli, Aydin; Kiremitci, Abdurrahman; Kiraz, Nuri; Akgun, Yurdanur
This data set contains data for CTEPP-OH concerning the child?s activities at the day care center over the 48-h monitoring period. The diary was divided into three time periods over the 48-h monitoring interval. The Food Survey collected information on the frequency and types of ...
26 CFR 301.6332-3 - The 21-day holding period applicable to property held by banks.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
...holding period applicable to property held by banks. 301.6332-3 Section 301.6332-3...holding period applicable to property held by banks. (a) In general. This section...deposits subject to levy which are held by banks. The provisions of §...
Walnut consumption increases satiation but has no effect on insulin resistance or the metabolic profile over a 4-day period.
Obesity and diabetes have been associated with increased consumption of highly processed foods, and reduced consumption of whole grains and nuts. It has been proposed, mainly on the basis of observational studies, that nuts may provide superior satiation, may lead to reduced calorie consumption, and may decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes; but evidence from randomized, interventional studies is lacking. A total of 20 men and women with the metabolic syndrome participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study of walnut consumption. Subjects had two 4-day admissions to the clinical research center where they were fed an isocaloric diet. In addition, they consumed shakes for breakfast containing either walnuts or placebo (shakes were standardized for calories, carbohydrate, and fat content). Appetite, insulin resistance, and metabolic parameters were measured. We found an increased level of satiety (overall P value = 0.0079) and sense of fullness (P = 0.05) in prelunch questionnaires following the walnut breakfast as compared to the placebo breakfast, with the walnut effect achieving significance on day 3 and 4 (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03). We did not find any change in resting energy expenditure, hormones known to mediate satiety, or insulin resistance when comparing the walnut vs. placebo diet. Walnut consumption over 4 days increased satiety by day 3. Long-term studies are needed to confirm the physiologic role of walnuts, the duration of time needed for these effects to occur, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. PMID:19910942
Brennan, Aoife M; Sweeney, Laura L; Liu, Xiaowen; Mantzoros, Christos S
Disparities in Fetal Death and First Day Death: The Influence of Risk Factors in 2 Time Periods
Objectives. We examined how changes in risk factors over time influence fetal, first day, and combined fetal�first day mortality and subsequent racial/ethnic disparities. Methods. We selected deliveries to US resident non-Hispanic White and Black mothers from the linked live birth�infant death cohort and fetal deaths files (1995�1996; 2001�2002) and calculated changes over time of mortality rates, odds, and relative odds ratios (RORs) overall and among mothers with modifiable risk factors (smoking, diabetes, or hypertensive disorders). Results. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for fetal mortality overall (AOR?=?0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]?=?0.96, 1.01) and among Blacks (AOR?=?0.98; 95% CI?=?0.93, 1.03) indicated no change over time. Among women with modifiable risk factors, the RORs indicated no change in disparities. The ROR was not significant for fetal mortality (ROR?=?0.96; 95% CI?=?0.83, 1.01) among smokers, but there was evidence of some decline. There was evidence of increase in RORs in fetal death among mothers with diabetes and hypertensive disorders, but differences were not significant. Conclusions. Disparities in fetal, first day, and combined fetal�first day mortality have persisted and reflect discrepancies in care provision or other factors more challenging to measure.
Barfield, Wanda D.; Petrini, Joann; Ruben Smith
Evaluation of a microbiological screening and acceptance procedure for cryopreserved skin allografts based on 14 day cultures.
Viable donor skin is still considered the gold standard for the temporary covering of burns. Since 1985, the Brussels military skin bank supplies cryopreserved viable cadaveric skin for therapeutic use. Unfortunately, viable skin can not be sterilised, which increases the risk of disease transmission. On the other hand, every effort should be made to ensure that the largest possible part of the donated skin is processed into high-performance grafts. Cryopreserved skin allografts that fail bacterial or fungal screening are reworked into 'sterile' non-viable glycerolised skin allografts. The transposition of the European Human Cell and Tissue Directives into Belgian Law has prompted us to install a pragmatic microbiological screening and acceptance procedure, which is based on 14 day enrichment broth cultures of finished product samples and treats the complex issues of 'acceptable bioburden' and 'absence of objectionable organisms'. In this paper we evaluate this procedure applied on 148 skin donations. An incubation time of 14 days allowed for the detection of an additional 16.9% (25/148) of contaminated skin compared to our classic 3 day incubation protocol and consequently increased the share of non-viable glycerolised skin with 8.4%. Importantly, 24% of these slow-growing microorganisms were considered to be potentially pathogenic. In addition, we raise the issue of 'representative sampling' of heterogeneously contaminated skin. In summary, we feel that our present microbiological testing and acceptance procedure assures adequate patient safety and skin availability. The question remains, however, whether the supposed increased safety of our skin grafts outweighs the reduced overall clinical performance and the increase in work load and costs. PMID:21505962
Pirnay, Jean-Paul; Verween, Gunther; Pascual, Bruno; Verbeken, Gilbert; De Corte, Peter; Rose, Thomas; Jennes, Serge; Vanderkelen, Alain; Marichal, Miriam; Heuninckx, Walter; De Vos, Daniel
Effect of the fluid core on changes in the length of day due to long period tides
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The long period luni-solar tidal potential is known to cause periodic changes in the earth's rotation rate. It is found that the effect of a dissipationless fluid outer core is to reduce the amplitudes of these tidal perturbations by about 11 percent. When the fluid core effect is added to Agnew and Farrell's (1978) estimate of the effect of an equilibrium ocean, the result is in accord with observation. The effects of dissipative processes within the fluid core are also examined. Out-of-phase perturbations are found which could be as large as about 10 ms at 18.6 yr. It is concluded, however, that the poorly understood decade fluctuations in the earth's rotation rate will prohibit observation of this effect.
Wahr, J. M.; Smith, M. L.; Sasao, T.
Effect of the fluid core on changes in the length of day due to long period tides
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The long period luni-solar tidal potential is known to cause periodic changes in the earth's rotation rate. It is found that the effect of a dissipationless fluid outer core is to reduce the amplitudes of these tidal perturbations by about 11 percent. When the fluid core effect is added to Agnew and Farrell's (1978) estimate of the effect of an equilibrium ocean, the result is in accord with observation. The effects of dissipative processes within the fluid core are also examined. Out-of-phase perturbations are found which could be as large as about 10 ms at 18.6 yr. It is concluded, however, that the poorly understood decade fluctuations in the earth's rotation rate will prohibit observation of this effect.
Wahr, J. M.; Smith, M. L.; Sasao, T.
A 160 day Period in the Be star X-ray Binary IGR J01363+6610 from Swift BAT Observations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The hard X-ray source IGR J01363+6610 has been proposed to be a Be star X-ray binary (e.g. Reig et al. 2005, A&A, 440, 637; Tomsick et al. 2010, arXiv:1012.2817v1). We have analyzed the Swift BAT 15 - 50 keV light curve of IGR J01363+6610 obtained between MJD 53,414 to 55,544 (2005-02-13 to 2010-12-14) to search for periodic modulation that could reveal the orbital period of the system. From a power spectrum we find an apparently significant peak (false alarm probability ~2E-7 for a search for periods longer than 2 days) at approximately 160 days.
Corbet, R. H. D.; Krimm, H. A.
We report on the temporal and spectral properties of the high-mass X-ray binary IGR J16283-4838 in the hard X-ray band. We searched the first 88 months of Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) survey data for long-term periodic modulations. We also investigated the broad band (0.2-150 keV) spectral properties of IGR J16283-4838 complementing the BAT dataset with soft X-ray data from the available Swift-XRT pointed observations. The BAT light curve of IGR J16283-4838 revealed a periodic modulation at P{sub o} = 287.6 � 1.7 days (with a significance higher than 4 standard deviations). The profile of the light curve folded at P{sub o} shows a sharp peak lasting ?12 days over a flat plateau. The long-term light curve also shows a ?300 day interval of prolonged enhanced emission. The observed phenomenology suggests that IGR J16283-4838 has a Be nature, where the narrow periodic peaks and the ?300 day outburst can be interpreted as Type I and Type II outbursts, respectively. The broad band 0.2-150 keV spectrum can be described with an absorbed power-law and a steepening in the BAT energy range.
Cusumano, G.; Segreto, A.; La Parola, V. [INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo, Via U. La Malfa 153, I-90146, Palermo (Italy)] [INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Palermo, Via U. La Malfa 153, I-90146, Palermo (Italy); D'A�, A. [Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit� di Palermo, via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo (Italy)] [Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit� di Palermo, via Archirafi 36, I-90123, Palermo (Italy); Masetti, N. [INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, via Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna (Italy)] [INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica di Bologna, via Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna (Italy); Tagliaferri, G., E-mail: email@example.com [INAF-Brera Astronomical Observatory, via Bianchi 46, I-23807, Merate (Italy)
Swift Observations of the High-mass X-Ray Binary IGR J16283-4838 Unveil a 288 Day Orbital Period
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
We report on the temporal and spectral properties of the high-mass X-ray binary IGR J16283-4838 in the hard X-ray band. We searched the first 88 months of Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) survey data for long-term periodic modulations. We also investigated the broad band (0.2-150 keV) spectral properties of IGR J16283-4838 complementing the BAT dataset with soft X-ray data from the available Swift-XRT pointed observations. The BAT light curve of IGR J16283-4838 revealed a periodic modulation at Po = 287.6 � 1.7 days (with a significance higher than 4 standard deviations). The profile of the light curve folded at Po shows a sharp peak lasting ~12 days over a flat plateau. The long-term light curve also shows a ~300 day interval of prolonged enhanced emission. The observed phenomenology suggests that IGR J16283-4838 has a Be nature, where the narrow periodic peaks and the ~300 day outburst can be interpreted as Type I and Type II outbursts, respectively. The broad band 0.2-150 keV spectrum can be described with an absorbed power-law and a steepening in the BAT energy range.
Cusumano, G.; Segreto, A.; La Parola, V.; D'A�, A.; Masetti, N.; Tagliaferri, G.
Earth Observing-1 Advanced Imager Flight Performance Assessment: Investigating Dark Current Stability Over One-Half Orbit Period during the First 60 Days
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The stability of the EO-1 Advanced Land Imager dark current levels over the period of one-half orbit is investigated. A series of two-second dark current collections, over the course of 40 minutes, was performed during the first sixty days the instrument was in orbit. Analysis of this data indicates only two dark current reference periods, obtained entering and exiting eclipse, are required to remove ALI dark current offsets for 99.9% of the focal plane to within 1.5 digital numbers for any observation on the solar illuminated portion of the orbit.
Mendenhall, J. A.
Secretion of soluble HLA-G by day 3 human embryos associated with higher pregnancy and implantation rates: assay of culture media using a new ELISA kit
Identification of chemical markers in human embryo culture media that relate to embryo quality and implantation potential could be an invaluable tool in embryo selection for transfer. Embryonic secretion of soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G) has been postulated to be a marker for �embryonic competence'. This study examines sHLA-G concentrations in day 3 culture media droplets of embryos that
Nina Desai; Jessica Filipovits; James Goldfarb
Cultural Identities of Adolescent Immigrants: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study Including the Pre-Migration Period
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This article investigates the cultural identities of adolescent immigrants in the pre-migration period and during the first 3 years after immigration. The target population consists of high-school Jewish adolescents from Russia and Ukraine participating in an Israeli immigration program. In this program, Jewish adolescents immigrate to Israel�
Tartakovsky, Eugene
Age-period-cohort modelling of alcohol volume and heavy drinking days in the US National Alcohol Surveys: Divergence in younger and older adult trends
Aims The decomposition of trends in alcohol volume and heavy drinking days into age, period, cohort and demographic effects offers an important perspective on the dynamics of change in alcohol use patterns in the US. Design The present study utilizes data from six National Alcohol Surveys conducted over the 26 year period between 1979 and 2005. Setting United States. Measurements Alcohol volume and the number of days when 5 or more and 8 or more drinks were consumed were derived from overall and beverage-specific graduated frequency questions. Results Trend analyses show that while mean values of drinking measures have continued to decline for those aged 26 and older, there has been a substantial increase in both alcohol volume and 5+ days among those aged 18 to 25. Age-period-cohort models indicate a potential positive cohort effect among those born after 1975. However, an alternative interpretation of an age-cohort interaction where drinking falls off more steeply in the late twenties than was the case in the oldest surveys cannot be ruled out. For women only, the 1956�60 birth cohort appears to drink more heavily than those born just before or after. Models also indicate the importance of income, ethnicity, education and marital status in determining these alcohol measures. Conclusions Increased heavy drinking among young adults in recent surveys presents a significant challenge for alcohol policy and may indicate a sustained increase in future US alcohol consumption.
Kerr, William C.; Greenfield, Thomas K.; Bond, Jason; Ye, Yu; Rehm, Jurgen
Cultural identities of adolescent immigrants: a three-year longitudinal study including the pre-migration period.
This article investigates the cultural identities of adolescent immigrants in the pre-migration period and during the first 3 years after immigration. The target population consists of high-school Jewish adolescents from Russia and Ukraine participating in an Israeli immigration program. In this program, Jewish adolescents immigrate to Israel without their parents, live in kibbutzim and boarding schools, and study in Israeli schools. Participants filled out questionnaires four times: half a year before their departure from the homeland and once a year for three consecutive years after their arrival to Israel. Changes in the cultural identities during immigration were curvilinear. Three stages were distinguished: devaluation of the homeland and idealization of the country of immigration in the pre-migration period, disillusionment with the receiving country and strengthening of the homeland cultural identity in the first year after immigration, and the formation of an inconsistent bi-cultural identity in the later post-migration period. Throughout the entire post-migration period, immigrants' attitude towards the receiving country was more positive than their attitude towards their homeland; however, immigrants' sense of belonging to the homeland was stronger than their sense of belonging to the receiving country. Pre-migration cultural identities and perceived discrimination in the receiving country predicted post-migration cultural identities of immigrants. Immigrant adolescents from ethnically homogenous Jewish families had a less positive attitude towards Russia/Ukraine, a more positive attitude towards Israel, and a weaker sense of belonging to Russia/Ukraine as compared to immigrants from ethnically mixed families. PMID:19636762
Tartakovsky, Eugene
Randomized, observer-blind, split-face study to compare the irritation potential of 2 topical acne formulations over a 14-day treatment period.
This randomized, observer-blind, split-face study assessed the irritation potential and likelihood of continued use of clindamycin phosphate 1.2%--benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 2.5% gel or adapalene 0.1%--BPO 2.5% gel once daily over a 14-day treatment period in 21 participants (11 males; 10 females) with acne who were 18 years or older. Investigator clinical assessment (erythema and dryness) and self-assessment (dryness and burning/stinging) were performed at baseline and each study visit (days 1-14) using a 4-point scale (O = none; 3 = severe). Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and corneometry measurements were performed at baseline and days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14. Lesions were counted at baseline and on day 14. Participant satisfaction questionnaires were completed on days 7 and 14. At the end of the study, investigators reported none or only mild erythema in 86% (18/21) of participants treated with clindamycin phosphate 1.2%--BPO 2.5% gel compared with 62% (13/21) of participants treated with adapalene 0.1%--BPO 2.5% gel. No severe erythema was reported with clindamycin phosphate 1.2%--BPO 2.5% gel. Adapalene 0.1%--BPO 2.5% gel was prematurely discontinued due to severe erythema in 1 participant on day 5 and a second participant on day 9. Additionally, 2 more participants reported severe erythema on day 14. Mean erythema scores were 0.9 (mean change from baseline, 0.7) with clindamycin phosphate 1.2%--BPO 2.5% gel and 1.4 (mean change from baseline, 1.3) with adapalene 0. 1%--BPO 2.5% gel on day 14 (P < .05 for days 6-14). Similar results were seen with dryness. Mean scores were 0.5 (mean change from baseline, 0.4) and 1.0 (mean change from baseline, 1.0), respectively (P < .05 for days 6-14). Self-assessment, TEWL, and corneometry results underscored the investigator clinical assessment. Participant preference and likelihood of continued usage was greater with clindamycin phosphate 1.2%--BPO 2.5% gel. Continued use and efficacy results for the treatment of acne were influenced by the potential of the product to cause irritation and the participant preferences. Irritation potential was more pronounced and severe with adapalene 0.1%--BPO 2.5% gel. Undoubtedly, as a result more participants preferred treatment with clindamycin phosphate 1.2%--BPO 2.5% gel and were more likely to continue to use the product. PMID:22988653
Ting, William
The Writing Consultant as Cultural Interpreter: Bridging Cultural Perspectives on the Genre of the Periodic Engineering Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
States that the periodic engineering report (a fixture of engineering classrooms and engineering practice) can become a source of conflict when North American engineers collaborate with colleagues abroad. Relates experiences of a writing consultant on such a project. Finds differences in tone and reader expectations caused misunderstandings. Uses�
Artemeva, Natasha
Cultural Identities of Adolescent Immigrants: A Three-Year Longitudinal Study Including the Pre-Migration Period
This article investigates the cultural identities of adolescent immigrants in the pre-migration period and during the first\\u000a 3�years after immigration. The target population consists of high-school Jewish adolescents from Russia and Ukraine participating\\u000a in an Israeli immigration program. In this program, Jewish adolescents immigrate to Israel without their parents, live in\\u000a kibbutzim and boarding schools, and study in Israeli schools.
Eugene Tartakovsky
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dancing as an Aspect of Early Mormon (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints) and Utah Culture.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dance has often been a significant part of a cultural heritage. Most of the religious organizations which were formed just after the United States achieved its independence, however, rejected many European religious customs, including dance. Despite this, the Mormon church not only allowed dance, but advocated and sponsored it. Dance was an�
Holbrook, Leona
Obligatory and period specific requirement of iron for microspore embryogenesis in Datura metel anther cultures
The experiments to assess the role of iron in morphogenesis of microspore-derived plantlets in anther cultures ofDatura metel revealed that even on iron-deficient medium androgenesis is initiated but the induced units fail to grow beyond multicellular\\u000a stage, if anthers are not transferred to iron-incorporated medium. Another important conclusion drawn from an experiment involving\\u000a weekly transfer of anthers from nutrient medium
Shashi B. Babbar; Shrish C. Gupta
Implantation rates after in vitro fertilization and transfer of a maximum of two embryos that have undergone three to five days of culture
Objective: To evaluate implantation and pregnancy rates in patients undergoing IVF after the transfer of a maximum of two embryos that had been cultured for 3�5 days.Design: Prospective study.Setting: An IVF laboratory at a tertiary referral university hospital.Patient(s): One thousand seven hundred eighty-seven couples who underwent their first IVF cycle between January 1995 and December 1997.Intervention(s): In vitro fertilization and
Gerritdina J Huisman; Bart C. J. M Fauser; Marinus J. C Eijkemans; Math H. E. C Pieters
Ninety-day waiting period limitation and technical amendments to certain health coverage requirements under the Affordable Care Act. Final rule.
These final regulations implement the 90-day waiting period limitation under section 2708 of the Public Health Service Act, as added by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Affordable Care Act), as amended, and incorporated into the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code. These regulations also finalize amendments to existing regulations to conform to Affordable Care Act provisions. Specifically, these rules amend regulations implementing existing provisions such as some of the portability provisions added by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) because those provisions of the HIPAA regulations have become superseded or require amendment as a result of the market reform protections added by the Affordable Care Act. PMID:24611209
The Presidents' Day cyclone of 18-19 February 1979 - Synoptic overview and analysis of the subtropical jet streak influencing the pre-cyclogenetic period
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A detailed examination is undertaken of the subtropical jet (STJ) streak revealed by an analysis of the Presidents' Day cyclone of February 18-19, 1979. During its 24 h period, the STJ's flow became increasingly supergeostrophic and apparently unbalanced, while ageostrophic wind speeds increased to more than 30 m/sec in association with a significant cross-contour component, directed toward lower values of the Montgomery streamfunction, as the flow along the STJ became more divergent with time. These phenomena are linked to the increasing confluence in the entrance region of the jet streak and the decreasing wavelength of the trough-ridge system in which the jet streak was embedded. The upper level divergence and upward vertical motion near the axis of the STJ are found to be important factors in the development of the cyclone's first area of heavy snow.
Uccellini, L. W.; Kocin, P. J.; Petersen, R. A.; Wash, C. H.; Brill, K. F.
Tanzania Filariasis Project: a provocative day test with diethylcarbamazine for the detection of microfilariae of nocturnally periodic Wuchereria bancrofti in the blood
In coastal Tanzania, an area where the microfilariae (mf) of Wuchereria bancrofti exhibit nocturnal periodicity, the administration of 2 mg diethylcarbamazine (DEC) per kg body weight in the daytime provoked mf to enter the peripheral blood. In persons on normal daily activities the daytime DEC provocative method proved to be as sensitive in detecting microfilaraemia as was the examination of night blood. Its use in routine surveys is therefore justified. Although mf densities by day and night were highly correlated (r = 0.83) they tended to be lower after provocative daytime DEC than in the corresponding night blood, except in very light infections. This method was also useful in assessing the parasitological response to mass chemotherapy with DEC, but, in comparison with the results of the night blood examinations, the sensitivity and magnitude of the counts in persons remaining positive progressively decreased as the period of DEC administration increased. A correction factor has to be calculated to take account of this, and/or additional night blood samples must be taken. The dose of 2 mg of DEC per kg body weight used was readily acceptable to the people in coastal East Africa, whose cooperation is difficult to obtain for night blood surveys. Apart from W. bancrofti, the only human filarial infection occasionally encountered in this area was Dipetalonema perstans. Because of the risk of a severe Mazzotti reaction the test is contraindicated in onchocerciasis endemic regions. Severe reactions may also occur in subjects with loaiasis.
McMahon, J. E.; Marshall, T. F. de C.; Vaughan, J. P.; Kolstrup, N.
Increasing glucose in KSOMaa basal medium on culture Day 2 improves in vitro development of cloned caprine blastocysts produced via intraspecies and interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer.
This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of potassium simplex optimization medium with amino acids (KSOMaa) as a basal culture medium for caprine intraspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and caprine-bovine interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) embryos. The effect of increased glucose as an energy substrate for late stage development of cloned caprine embryos in vitro was also evaluated. Enucleated caprine and bovine in vitro matured oocytes at metaphase II were reconstructed with caprine ear skin fibroblast cells for the SCNT and iSCNT studies. The cloned caprine and parthenogenetic embryos were cultured in either KSOMaa with 0.2 mM glucose for 8 days (Treatment 1) or KSOMaa for 2 days followed by KSOMaa with additional glucose at a final concentration of 2.78 mM for the last 6 days (Treatment 2). There were no significant differences in the cleavage rates of SCNT (80.7%) and iSCNT (78.0%) embryos cultured in KSOMaa medium. Both Treatment 1 and Treatment 2 could support in vitro development of SCNT and iSCNT embryos to the blastocyst stage. However, the blastocyst development rate of SCNT embryos was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Treatment 2 compared to Treatment 1. Increasing glucose for later stage embryo development (8-cell stage onwards) during in vitro culture (IVC) in Treatment 2 also improved both caprine SCNT and iSCNT embryo development to the hatched blastocyst stage. In conclusion, this study shows that cloned caprine embryos derived from SCNT and iSCNT could develop to the blastocyst stage in KSOMaa medium supplemented with additional glucose (2.78 mM, final concentration) and this medium also supported hatching of caprine cloned blastocysts. PMID:22704387
Kwong, P J; Abdullah, R B; Wan Khadijah, W E
Socio-cultural factors surrounding mental distress during the perinatal period in Zambia: a qualitative investigation
Background The presence of mental distress during pregnancy and after childbirth imposes detrimental developmental and health consequences for families in all nations. In Zambia, the Ministry of Health (MoH) has proposed a more comprehensive approach towards mental health care, recognizing the importance of the mental health of women during the perinatal period. Aim The study explores factors contributing to mental distress during the perinatal period of motherhood in Zambia. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in Lusaka, Zambia with nineteen focus groups comprising 149 women and men from primary health facilities and schools respectively. Findings There are high levels of mental distress in four domains: worry about HIV status and testing; uncertainty about survival from childbirth; lack of social support; and vulnerability/oppression. Conclusion Identifying mental distress and prompt referral for interventions is critical to improving the mental health of the mother and prevent the effects of mental distress on the baby. Recommendation Strategies should be put in place to ensure pregnant women are screened for possible perinatal mental health problems during their visit to antenatal clinic and referral made to qualified mental health professionals. In addition further research is recommended in order to facilitate evidence based mental health policy formulation and implementation in Zambia.
Effect of periodic feeding in sequencing batch reactor on substrate uptake and storage rates by a pure culture of Amaricoccus kaplicensis
A pure culture of Amaricoccus kaplicensis was aerobically cultured at a long culture residence time (?C>12d), under periodic acetate feeding in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The cycle length and, correspondingly, the volumetric organic load rate (vOLR) were varied in the range 4�24h and 0.76�0.12gCODl?1d?1, respectively. The transient response of the microorganism to the acetate spike was investigated throughout batch
Federico Aulenta; Davide Dionisi; Mauro Majone; Antonio Parisi; Roberto Ramadori; Valter Tandoi
Probing rotational dynamo extremes: X-ray and optical spectroscopy of the 0.5 day period eclipsing binary, HD 79826.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The highly modulated optical light curve of HD 79826 (spectral type G5) was discovered in the Chandra guide-star light curves, indicating a period of about 0.5 days, a strong and migrating distortion wave, and a shallow eclipse. We subsequently obtained simultaneous Chandra high resolution X-ray spectra and optical photometry, along with contemporaneous ground-based photometry and spectra. X-ray rotational or eclipse modulation was totally obscured by X-ray variability and flares. X-ray spectra are characterized by coronal emission near thesaturation limit of Lx/Lbol = 0.001. Optical spectra show extremely rotationally broadened features, variable with orbital phase. Optical light curves show the modulation to be not only rapidly migrating in phase, but also of variable amplitude. We will further characterize the X-ray emission through measurements of line widths, velocities, and fluxes, and provide coronal plasma models. This star is near or at the limits of dynamo saturation, and since it is partially eclipsing, has potential to be well characterized in terms of fundamental stellar parameters. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by NASA through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) contract SV3-73016 for the Chandra X-Ray Center and Science Instruments.
Huenemoerder, David; Nichols, Joy S.; DePalma, David; Garcia-Alvarez, David; Schulz, Norbert S.; Canizares, Claude R
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
A clean, healthy and safe school provides students, faculty and staff with an environment conducive to learning and working. However, budget and staff reductions can lead to substandard cleaning practices and unsanitary conditions. Some school facility managers have been making the switch to a day-schedule to reduce security and energy costs, and�
Jurecki, Dennis
HAT-P-24b: AN INFLATED HOT JUPITER ON A 3.36 DAY PERIOD TRANSITING A HOT, METAL-POOR STAR
We report the discovery of HAT-P-24b, a transiting extrasolar planet orbiting the moderately bright V = 11.818 F8 dwarf star GSC 0774-01441, with a period P = 3.3552464 {+-} 0.0000071 days, transit epoch T{sub c} = 2455216.97669 {+-} 0.00024 (BJD)11, and transit duration 3.653 {+-} 0.025 hr. The host star has a mass of 1.191 {+-} 0.042 M{sub sun}, radius of 1.317 {+-} 0.068 R{sub sun}, effective temperature 6373 {+-} 80 K, and a low metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.16 {+-} 0.08. The planetary companion has a mass of 0.681 {+-} 0.031 M{sub J} and radius of 1.243 {+-} 0.072 R{sub J} yielding a mean density of 0.439 {+-} 0.069 g cm{sup -3}. By repeating our global fits with different parameter sets, we have performed a critical investigation of the fitting techniques used for previous Hungarian-made Automated Telescope planetary discoveries. We find that the system properties are robust against the choice of priors. The effects of fixed versus fitted limb darkening are also examined. HAT-P-24b probably maintains a small eccentricity of e = 0.052{sup +0.022}{sub -0.017}, which is accepted over the circular orbit model with false alarm probability 5.8%. In the absence of eccentricity pumping, this result suggests that HAT-P-24b experiences less tidal dissipation than Jupiter. Due to relatively rapid stellar rotation, we estimate that HAT-P-24b should exhibit one of the largest known Rossiter-McLaughlin effect amplitudes for an exoplanet ({Delta}V{sub RM} {approx_equal} 95 m s{sup -1}) and thus a precise measurement of the sky-projected spin-orbit alignment should be possible.
Kipping, D. M.; Bakos, G. A.; Hartman, J.; Torres, G.; Latham, D. W.; Noyes, R. W.; Beky, B.; Perumpilly, G.; Esquerdo, G. A.; Sasselov, D. D.; Stefanik, R. P. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States); Shporer, A. [Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Drive, Suite 102, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 (United States); Kovacs, Geza [Konkoly Observatory, Budapest (Hungary); Howard, A. W.; Marcy, G. W. [Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, CA 93106 (United States); Fischer, D. A. [Department of Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511 (United States); Johnson, J. A. [Department of Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Hungarian Astronomical Association, Budapest (Hungary)
20 CFR 1002.196 - What is the employee's reemployment position if the period of service was less than 91 days?
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
...What is the employee's reemployment position if the period of service was less than...Reemployment Rights and Benefits Reemployment Position § 1002.196 What is the employee's reemployment position if the period of service was less...
KELT-6b: A P ~ 7.9 Day Hot Saturn Transiting a Metal-poor Star with a Long-period Companion
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
We report the discovery of KELT-6b, a mildly inflated Saturn-mass planet transiting a metal-poor host. The initial transit signal was identified in KELT-North survey data, and the planetary nature of the occulter was established using a combination of follow-up photometry, high-resolution imaging, high-resolution spectroscopy, and precise radial velocity measurements. The fiducial model from a global analysis including constraints from isochrones indicates that the V = 10.38 host star (BD+31 2447) is a mildly evolved, late-F star with T eff = 6102 � 43 K, log g_\\star =4.07_{-0.07}^{+0.04}, and [Fe/H] = -0.28 � 0.04, with an inferred mass M sstarf = 1.09 � 0.04 M ? and radius R_\\star =1.58_{-0.09}^{+0.16} \\,R_\\odot. The planetary companion has mass MP = 0.43 � 0.05 M Jup, radius R_{P}=1.19_{-0.08}^{+0.13} \\,R_Jup, surface gravity log g_{P}=2.86_{-0.08}^{+0.06}, and density \\rho _{P}=0.31_{-0.08}^{+0.07}\\,g\\,cm^{-3}. The planet is on an orbit with semimajor axis a = 0.079 � 0.001 AU and eccentricity e=0.22_{-0.10}^{+0.12}, which is roughly consistent with circular, and has ephemeris of T c(BJDTDB) = 2456347.79679 � 0.00036 and P = 7.845631 � 0.000046 days. Equally plausible fits that employ empirical constraints on the host-star parameters rather than isochrones yield a larger planet mass and radius by ~4}-7}. KELT-6b has surface gravity and incident flux similar to HD 209458b, but orbits a host that is more metal poor than HD 209458 by ~0.3 dex. Thus, the KELT-6 system offers an opportunity to perform a comparative measurement of two similar planets in similar environments around stars of very different metallicities. The precise radial velocity data also reveal an acceleration indicative of a longer-period third body in the system, although the companion is not detected in Keck adaptive optics images. KELT is a joint project of The Ohio State University, Vanderbilt University, and Lehigh University.
Collins, Karen A.; Eastman, Jason D.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Siverd, Robert J.; Gaudi, B. Scott; Pepper, Joshua; Kielkopf, John F.; Johnson, John Asher; Howard, Andrew W.; Fischer, Debra A.; Manner, Mark; Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Gregorio, Joao; Buchhave, Lars A.; Jensen, Eric L. N.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Penev, Kaloyan; Crepp, Justin R.; Hinkley, Sasha; Street, Rachel A.; Cargile, Phillip; Mack, Claude E.; Oberst, Thomas E.; Avril, Ryan L.; Mellon, Samuel N.; McLeod, Kim K.; Penny, Matthew T.; Stefanik, Robert P.; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.; Mao, Qingqing; Richert, Alexander J. W.; DePoy, Darren L.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Gould, Andrew; Marshall, Jennifer L.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Pogge, Richard W.; Trueblood, Mark; Trueblood, Patricia
Postnatal Development and Neoplastic Disease Pattern in NMRI-Mice after Combined Treatment with Ethylnitrosourea and X-Irradiation on Different Days of the Fetal Period.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Mice were X-irradiated on either day 14, 15, or 16 of gestation with 1,0 Gy. This did not result in an increased tumor frequency in offspring until 12 months. Mice treated parallelly with ENU (45 mg/kg) on the same gestation days developed a significantly...
A. Wiggenhauser
17 CFR 274.127f-1 - Form N-27F-1, notice to periodic payment plan certificate holders of 45-day withdrawal right with...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
...2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Form N-27F-1, notice to periodic payment plan certificate holders...to periodic payment plan certificates. 274.127f-1 Section 274.127f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES...
The effect of different hormones and incubation periods on in vitro proliferation of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) Merr cv. smooth cayenne) shoot-tip culture.
Seven different hormone treatments, namely 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2, 3 mg L(-1) was applied singly and in combination with Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) at 0.18, 0.8 and 1.8 mg L(-l), BAP at 3.3 mg L(-l) in combination with IAA at 1.8 and 3.3 mg L(-l) and triple combination of BAP at 2.3, IAA at 1.8 and Gibberellic acid (GA3) at 1.0 mg L(-1) were tested, over four different incubation periods of 30, 45, 60 and 75 days, for their effect in the proliferation and growth of Smooth cayenne pineapple shoot-tip culture. Combined application of BAP at 3.3 and IAA at 1.8 mg L(-1) induced the highest proliferation of 19 shoots/explant and the highest total of 121 and 125 shoots over 4 cycles of multiplication. Raising the IAA to 3.3 mg L(-1) resulted in the lowest proliferation and stunted shoots. Incorporation of GA3 improved the shoot length but caused drastic reduction in proliferation. The other treatments showed an intermediate effect. PMID:18817160
Hamad, Abdelhamid M; Taha, Rosna Mat
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Twelve conference papers on cultural aspects of second language instruction include: "Towards True Multiculturalism: Ideas for Teachers" (Brian McVeigh); Comparing Cultures Through Critical Thinking: Development and Interpretations of Meaningful Observations" (Laurel D. Kamada); "Authority and Individualism in Japan and the USA" (Alisa Woodring);�
The analysis of fundamental period of cultural heritage buildings: experimental data for church towers in Basilicata (Southern Italy)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Seismic hazard is among the main factors conditioning the conservation of historical centres and cultural heritage located in them. This consideration is suitable especially for downtown areas located in Italy, whose territory is prone to seismic hazards, in the southern area especially. As a matter of fact, the historical sources inform us that most of monuments located in Southern Italy suffered damage and consequent restoration or rebuilding due to the earthquake of the past. Therefore, knowing what buildings are the most exposed to the seismic risk can help the stakeholders to fix priority actions aimed at mitigating the effects of future events. Starting from these preliminary remarks, in the framework of the Project PRO_CULT, we started an extensive campaign of measurements of dynamic features of the church towers in some towns of the Basilicata Region (Southern Italy). The aim of the research activity is to assess the fundamental period of such a typology of historical buildings and comparing it with the dynamic features of the foundation soil to put into evidence possible resonance phenomena responsible of an increase of building damage during the seismic shaking. The selection of the towns to be considered as a target of the experimental survey was performed taking into account the availability of written sources dealing with the historical seismic effects suffered by the bell-towers over the centuries with special attention to the sites heavily affected by the 16 December 1857 Basilicata and 23 November 1980 Irpinia-Basilicata earthquakes (Gizzi and Masini 2007). The fundamental period of bell-towers is estimated using ambient noise vibration signals recorded at the highest level of the towers. The techniques used to get the dynamic values are both the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and the Horizontal to Horizontal Spectral Ratio (HHSR) (Liberatore et al. 2008). Once the fundamental frequency has been estimated, it is compared with the dynamic features of the soil obtained by free-field measurements. The detailed architectural survey of each investigated tower will also allow correlating the estimated frequencies with the features of the historic building such as structural symmetry, number of storeys and height of the tower, building materials, presence and dimension of openings, presence of tie rods, and presence of adjoining buildings. In this way, we can get new insights for a tentative scheme of typological classification of such historic buildings. References Gizzi F.T., Masini N. 2007. Historical earthquakes and damage patterns in Potenza (Basilicata, southern Italy), Annals of Geophysics, 50 (5), pp.675-687, doi: 10.4401/ag-3061 Liberatore D., Mucciarelli M., Gallipoli M. R., Masini N. 2008, Two Applications of the HVSR Technique to Cultural Heritage and Historical Masonry in Increasing Seismic Safety by Combining Engineering Technologies and Seismological Data, M. Mucciarelli, M. Herak and J. Cassidy eds., Springer, [ISBN 978-1-4020-9196-4; ISSN: 1871-4668], 325-336, doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-9196-4_22 Acknowledgements The authors thanks Basilicata Region for supporting this activity in the framework of the Project "PRO_CULT" (Advanced methodological approaches and technologies for Protection and Security of Cultural Heritage ) financed by Regional Operational Programme ERDF 2007/2013
Gizzi, Fabrizio T.; Liberatore, Domenico; Masini, Nicola; Sileo, Maria; Zotta, Cinzia; Potenza, Maria Rosaria; Scavone, Manuela; Sorrentino, Luigi
Blood culture collection technique and pneumococcal surveillance in Malawi during the four year period 2003�2006: an observational study
BACKGROUND: Blood culture surveillance will be used for assessing the public health effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Africa. Between 2003 and 2006 we assessed blood culture outcome and performance in adult patients in the central public hospital in Blantyre, Malawi, before and after the introduction of a dedicated nurse led blood culture team. METHODS: A prospective observational study. RESULTS:
Neema Mtunthama; Stephen B Gordon; Eduard E Zijlstra; Malcolm E Molyneux; Neil French
IMS/Satellite Situation Center report: Summary of IMS/SSC special periods and the positions of IMS high-altitude satellites, days 1 - 181 1978
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A concise and easily used description of the orbital positions is given of a number of high-altitude satellites capable of making magnetospheric measurements as part of the International Magnetospheric Study (IMS). The following high-altitude satellites are considered: Vela 5A, Vela 5B, Vela 6A, Vela 6B, Solrad 11B, IMP-H, IMP-J, and ISEE 1. A summary of the magnetopause and bow shock crossings and magnetotail positions of these satellites is given in tabular form. In addition, the IMS/Satellite Situation Center (SSC) Special Periods for the first half of 1978 are given, and detailed plots and bar charts illustrating these periods are presented. Although the Vela satellites have the possibility of poor data coverage, they are included because they continue to obtain useful data in the magnetotail and the region of the magnetopause. Solrad 11B is included because the solar wind detector was operating at the time the IMS/SSC Special Periods were generated, and the satellite potentially would obtain useful data in the interplanetary medium and near the boundaries. Subsequently, the detector failed in February 1978, and the value of this satellite to the IMS/SSC Special Periods beyond this date is limited.
Relations between Sea Surface Temperature and Air-Sea Heat Flux at Periods from 1 Day to 1 Year Observed at Ocean Buoy Stations around Japan
Relations between sea-surface temperature (T\\u000a s) and heat flux at the sea surface (F) have been investigated using data from ocean observation buoys located off Shikoku in the Sea of Japan and in the East China\\u000a Sea. Wavelet transformation decomposed F and T\\u000a s to wavelet coefficients (WLC) in the period-time domain. Assuming one-dimensional heat transfer by eddy diffusion in
Hiroshi Murakami; Hiroshi Kawamura
Swift\\/XRT detection of a possible 1.2 day period the faint persistent X-ray source AXJ1538.3-5541
Over the period of August 30th to September 7th, 2007, during the reactivation phase of Swift, XRT has been performing frequent observations of AXJ1538.3-5541, a faint ASCA detected point source first reported by Sugizaki et al. (2001, ApJS, 134, 77) and thought to be a low-mass X-ray binary. Aside from the recent monitoring, four observations have also been performed of
J. A. Kennea; S. Campana; R. Wijnands; D. N. Burrows; E. Cackett; N. D. Degenaar; D. Grupe; V. La Parola; A. Moretti; C. Pagani; R. L. C. Starling; N. Gehrels
Parathyroid hormone blocks the stimulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor-I on collagen synthesis in cultured 21-day fetal rat calvariae
We examined the interaction of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on collagen synthesis in 21-day fetal rat calvariae as assessed by measuring the incorporation of ({sup 3}H)proline into collagenase-digestible protein. After 96 hours of culture, 10 nM PTH antagonized the stimulation of collagen synthesis and partially blocked the increase in dry weight produced by 10 nM IGF-I. The effect of PTH to block IGF-I stimulated collagen synthesis was observed in the central bone of calvariae and was mimicked by forskolin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, but not by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, transforming growth factor-alpha or dexamethasone. Our data are consistent with the concept that the direct effect of PTH is to inhibit basal CDP labeling and fully oppose IGF-I stimulated CDP labeling. The finding that this effect of PTH is mimicked by forskolin and PMA suggests that this block in IGF-I stimulation of CDP labeling involves both cAMP and protein kinase C mediated pathways.
Kream, B.E.; Petersen, D.N.; Raisz, L.G. (Univ. of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington (USA))
New outburst from the X-ray pulsar RX J0440.9+4431 and discovery of a possible ~155 days orbital period
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On the basis of recent SWIFT/BAT observations we report a detection of the third consequent outburst from the X-ray pulsar RX J0440.9+4431, which was started on 2011-01-29. The persistent X-ray source RX J0440.9+4431 has been found during the ROSAT Galactic plane survey with the optical companion of BSD 24-491 / LS V +44 17) classified as a Be star (Motch et al., A&A, 323, 853, 1997). Later Reig, Roche (MNRAS, 306, 100, 1999) detected X-ray pulsations from this source with the period of ~202.5 s.
Tsygankov, S.; Lutovinov, A.; Krivonos, R.
A comparative analysis of chromosomal aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes due to fluoroquinolone drugs at different expression periods.
Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents widely used for the treatment of infections with various types of gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Specifically, gatifloxacin (GFX) is under development as a component in a new antituberculosis fixed-dose drug combination. In the context of this project, GFX was also tested for genotoxic activity in human peripheral lymphocytes, and the induction of chromosomal aberrations by GFX in PHA-M stimulated cultured human lymphocytes, investigated under conditions of conventional and increased expression times, was further compared to the analogous effects induced by some other second- and third-generation FQ antibacterial agents, namely ofloxacin (OFX), ciprofloxacin (CFX) and sparfloxacin (SFX). OFX did not induce any significant chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes. CFX and SFX exhibited slight to moderate clastogenic potential at cytotoxic concentrations (150, 175, 200 and 225 microg/ml), and GFX, a third-generation FQ, induced a clear, concentration-dependent increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations at cytotoxic concentrations (150, 200 and 250 microg/ml). These effects were not apparent when metaphases were analysed at the conventionally used sampling time of 24 h, but only after prolongation of the expression time between treatment and harvesting to a sampling time of 36 h (4 h exposure and 32 h expression period). Also, an increased incidence of numerical aberrations (polyploidy and endoreduplication) was seen with GFX at non-cytotoxic concentrations (12.5, 25, 50 and 75 microg/ml). These effects can be attributed to the slight cross-reactivity of FQs between their inhibitory activity towards their intended targets, the prokaryotic type II topoisomerase enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, and the analogous mammalian enzyme topoisomerase II. We have also observed the formation of polycentrics, i.e., chromosomes with five to six centromeres, a rarely reported structural aberration, in GFX-treated cells. The significance of these observations with respect to the conventional conduct of such studies and to the interpretation of the effects is discussed. PMID:20049419
Anupama, M; Seiler, J P; Murthy, P B
Observations on the flight paths of the day-flying moth Virbia lamae during periods of mate location: do males have a strategy for contacting the pheromone plume?
1. To maximize the probability of rapid contact with a female's pheromone plume, the trajectories of male foraging flights might be expected to be directed with respect to wind flow and also to be energetically efficient. 2. Flights directed either upwind, downwind, or crosswind have been proposed as optimal strategies for rapid and/or energetically efficient plume contact. Other possible strategies are random and L�vy walks, which have trajectories and turn frequencies that are not dictated by the direction of wind flow. 3. The planar flight paths of males of the day-active moth Virbia lamae were recorded during the customary time of its sexual activity. 4. We found no directional preference in these foraging flights with respect to the direction of contemporaneous wind flow, but, because crosswind encompasses twice the possible orientations of either upwind or downwind, a random orientation is in effect a de facto crosswind strategy. 5. A crosswind preference should be favoured when the plume extends farther downwind than crosswind, and this strategy is realized by V. lamae males by a random orientation of their trajectories with respect to current wind direction. PMID:21729068
Card�, Ring T; Card�, Anja M; Girling, Robbie D
Discovery of an eccentric 30 day period in the supergiant X-ray binary SAX J1818.6-1703 with INTEGRAL
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Context: SAX J1818.6-1703 is a flaring transient X-ray source serendipitously discovered by BeppoSAX in 1998 during an observation of the Galactic centre. The source was identified as a high-mass X-ray binary with an OB supergiant companion (SGXB). Displaying short and bright flares and an unusually very low quiescent level implying an intensity dynamical range as large as 103-4, the source was classified as a supergiant fast X-ray transient (SFXT). Aims: The mechanism triggering the different temporal behaviour observed between the classical SGXBs and the recently discovered class of SFXTs is still debated. The discovery of long orbits (>15 d) should help to discriminate between emission models and bring constraints. Methods: We analysed archival INTEGRAL data on SAX J1818.6-1703. We built short- and long-term light curves and performed a timing analysis in order to study the temporal behaviour of SAX J1818.6-1703 on different time scales. Results: INTEGRAL revealed an unusually long orbital period of 30.0 � 0.2 d and an elapsed accretion phase of ~6 d in the transient SGXB SAX J1818.6-1703. This implies an elliptical orbit and constraints the possible supergiant spectral type between B0.5-1I with eccentricities e ~ 0.3-0.4 (for the average fundamental parameters of supergiant stars). During the accretion phase, the source behaved like a classical SGXB. The huge variations of the observed X-ray flux can be explained through accretion of macro-clumps formed within the stellar wind. Our analysis strengthens the model which predicts that SFXTs behave as SGXBs but with different orbital parameters, thus different temporal behaviour. Discovery first reported at the 7th INTEGRAL workshop (Zurita Heras et al., in press). Based on observations with INTEGRAL, an ESA project with instruments and science data centre funded by ESA member states (especially the PI countries: Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Spain), Czech Republic and Poland, and with the participation of Russia and the USA.
Zurita Heras, J. A.; Chaty, S.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Interviews on the quality of day care in the United States are presented in this transcript of a program broadcast in the National Public Radio weekly series, "Options in Education." Writers, day care center personnel and others describe and evaluate the current situation. Federal legislation concerning children is examined, and researchers�
Merro, John; And Others
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
In this article, the authors describe how they capitalized on their first-grade students' love of dinosaurs by hosting a fun-filled Dinosaur Day in their classroom. On Dinosaur Day, students rotated through four dinosaur-related learning stations that integrated science content with art, language arts, math, and history in a fun and time-efficient�
Nakamura, Sandra; Baptiste, H. Prentice
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Describes a kite day at an elementary school which incorporated principles of flight, the history, art and craftsmanship of kite making and flying and provided a fun multidisciplinary approach to a student-oriented activity. (BR)
Frizzell, Helen
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zoo Day was one of the culminating activities of Art Extravaganza, a pilot summer art program for high ability first-and second-graders. Field trips, art history lessons, box sculpture, and a study of cavemen were included. (SJL)
Warden, Marian
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The State University of New York at Buffalo presents this History of Earth Day website. The goal of the site is that teachers and students can better understand the development and purpose of Earth Day. In addition to the history, SUNY-Buffalo has compiled a series of websites complete with projects associated with Earth Day, appropriate for children, high school students, and college undergrads. Furthermore, the legal aspect of Earth Day - environmental legislation, EPA standards, and Global Climate Change legislation - are also discussed on the site. A list of further sites is also provided if users want more information on this national effort to help solve environmental issues such as pollution, overpopulation, and global warming. Teachers will find this website both informative and helpful in developing appropriate teaching curricula connected to this holiday, while students can have fun learning and creating projects of their own that contribute to preserving the environment.
NASA's 2013 Career Days was a joint collaboration between NASA Langley and the Newport News Shipbuilding where 600 high school students from Virginia took on two design challenges -- designing a ca...
Interpreting the Viking Age to Medieval period transition in Norse Orkney through cultural soil and sediment analyses
The transition from the Viking Age (ca. A.D. 800-1050) to the Medieval period (ca. A.D. 1050-1500) saw the development of widening trade activities that incorporated peripheral North Atlantic polities into mainstream Europe and contributed to the intensification of marine- resource exploitation and agricultural production in these localities. As yet, there is only lim- ited understanding of these intensification processes and
Ian A. Simpson; James H. Barrett; Karen B. Milek
NSDL National Science Digital Library
On Dinosaur Day, first-grade students rotated through four dinosaur-related learning stations that integrated science content with art, language arts, math, and history in a fun and time-efficient manner. The event drew parents, teachers, and students together as they helped each other discuss, write, draw, measure, mix, and record at each learning station.
Baptiste, H. P.; Nakamura, Sandra
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Election Day teaches how elections work in the United States. Players learn about political parties, public opinion, campaign financing, election law, political marketing, strategic planning, and the media. The game is well-suited for high-school and college students.
Washington, University O.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
A SCEC-VDO movie showing two approx. magnitude 5 earthquakes that occurred within seven days in Southern California. The second earthquake is on or near the San Andreas fault and led to concern of a much larger earthquake (that did not happen). The Southern California Earthquake Center's Virtual Display of Objects (SCEC-VDO) is 3D visualization software that allows users to display, study and make movies of earthquakes as they occur globally. SCEC-VDO was developed by interns of SCEC Undergraduate Studies in Earthquake Information Technology (UseIT), under the supervision of Sue Perry and Tom Jordan.
Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC)
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Context image for PIA02174 Valentine's Day This isolated mesa [lower left center of the image] has an almost heart-shaped margin. Happy Valentine's Day from Mars. Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 29.4N, Longitude 79.1E. 18 meter/pixel resolution. Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Registration for the Hydrology Day sponsored by the Front Range Branch of AGU on April 23 at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado, totaled 121 participants, of whom 61 were students.Thirty-one individuals joined the Front Range Branch. Three students from Colorado State University won the awards for best paper in their category: Thomas W. Anzia (Sr.), �A Comprehensive Table of Standard Deviates for Confidence Limits on Extreme Events� Victor Nazareth (M.S.), �Aquifer Properties from Single-Hole Aquifer Tests� and Roy W. Koch (Ph.D.), �A Physically Based Derivation of the Distribution of Excess Precipitation.� Judges for the awards were Dr. Bittinger, Resource Consultants, Fort Collins; George Leavesley and Daniel Bauer, USGS, Water Resources Division, Denver; Scott Tucker, Executive Director, Denver Urban Drainage and Flood Control District; Charles Brendecke, Department of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder.
Morel-Seytoux, H. J.
Increase in nitrate uptake by soybean plants during interruption of the dark period with low intensity light
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Diurnal patterns of net NO3- uptake by nonnodulated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Ransom] plants growing in flowing hydroponic culture at 26 and 16 degrees C root temperatures were measured at hourly intervals during alternate days of a 12-day growth period. Ion chromatography was used to determine removal of NO3- from the culture solution. Day and night periods of 9 and 15 h were used during growth. The night period included two 6-h dark periods and an intervening 3-h period of night interruption by incandescent lamps to effect a long-day photoperiod and repress floral initiation. At both root temperatures, the average specific rates of NO3- uptake were twice as great during the night interruption period as during the day period; they were greater during the day period than during the dark periods; and they were greater during the dark period immediately following the day period than during the later dark period that followed the night interruption. While these average patterns were repetitious among days, measured rates of uptake varied hourly and included intervals of net efflux scattered through the day period and more frequently through the 2 dark periods. Root temperature did not affect the average daily specific rates of uptake or the qualitative relationships among day, dark and night interruption periods of the diurnal cycle.
Raper, C. D. Jr; Vessey, J. K.; Henry, L. T.
Three-dimensional resistivity tomography in extreme coastal terrain amidst dense cultural signals: application to cliff stability assessment at the historic D-Day site
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Pointe du Hoc overlooking the English Channel in Normandy, France was host to one of the most important military engagements of World War II but is vulnerable to cliff collapses that threaten important German fortifications including the forward observation post (OP) and Rudder's command post. The objective of this study is to apply advanced 3-D resistivity tomography towards a detailed site stability assessment with special attention to the two at-risk buildings. 3-D resistivity tomography data sets at Pointe du Hoc in the presence of extreme topography and dense cultural clutter have been successfully acquired, inverted and interpreted. A cliff stability hazard assessment scheme has been designed in which regions of high resistivity are interpreted as zones of open, dry fractures with a moderate mass movement potential. Regions of low resistivity are zones of wet, clay-filled fractures with a high mass movement potential. The OP tomography results indicate that the highest mass movement hazard appears to be associated with the marine caverns at the base of the cliff that are positioned at the point of strongest wave attack. These caverns likely occupy the future site of development of a sea arch that will threaten the OP building. The mass movement potential at the Rudder's command post area is low to moderate. The greatest risk there is associated with soil wedge failures at the top of the cliffs.
Udphuay, Suwimon; G�nther, Thomas; Everett, Mark E.; Warden, Robert R.; Briaud, Jean-Louis
Influence of algae species, substrata and culture conditions on attached microalgal culture.
The objective of this study was to understand and optimize the formation of microalgae biofilms in specific culture conditions. Firstly, the adhesion of six freshwater algae species was compared. Chlorococcum sp. was selected because of the high adhesion biomass productivity (ABP) and adhesion rate achieved. Secondly, the adhesion of Chlorococcum sp. was compared with nine commonly used supporting materials, and glass fiber-reinforced plastic proved to be the optimal substrata. Thirdly, based on response surface methodology experiments, a second-order polynomial model was developed to examine the effect of culture period, initial total nitrogen concentration (ITNC) in manure wastewater, pH and culture volume of the growth chamber on the adhesion of Chlorococcum sp. using glass fiber-reinforced plastic. The experimental and modeling results showed that ITNC, pH and culture volume as well as the interactions between culture period and ITNC, culture period and culture volume were significant on ABP. Optimum culture conditions were predicted at a culture period of 11�days, ITNC of 70�mg�L(-1), pH of 8 and culture volume of 340�mL, under which the predicted maximum ABP was 4.26�g�m(-2)�day(-1). The prediction was close to validation experimental results, indicating that the model could be used to guide and optimize the attached culture of Chlorococcum sp. using glass fiber-reinforced plastic. PMID:23843094
Shen, Y; Xu, X; Zhao, Y; Lin, X
Three-day treatment of urinary tract infections.
There is little rationale to support the currently accepted 10 to 14-day treatment period for urinary tract infection. To assess the cure rate in patients given 3 days compared to the standard 10-day period of antimicrobial therapy a prospective trial was designed to test the over-all effectiveness of each treatment. Sixty patients were randomized to either penicillin-G or trimethoprim-sulfameth-oxazole for either 3 or 10 days. Urine and external vaginal cultures were done before therapy was instituted, at day 3 while on therapy and 7 days after the completion of treatment. The over-all cure rate in the short-term treatment group was 86 per cent and in the long-term treatment group it was 88 per cent. Patients receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole had a much better response to clearance of the pathogenic bacteria from the external vagina but this did not correlate with clearance of the bladder bacteriuria. Bacterial sensitivities on the external vaginal cultures suggest that in some patients 10 days of therapy actually may aid in the development of bacterial resistance noted in subsequent bladder infections. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis revealed that the use of a 3-day regimen as standard treatment for urinary tract infections would result in a savings to our patients conservatively estimated at $62,000,000 yearly. PMID:7420563
Fair, W R; Crane, D B; Peterson, L J; Dahmer, C; Tague, B; Amos, W
Aggregation of Selected Three-Day Periods to Estimate Annual and Seasonal Wet Deposition Totals for Sulfate, Nitrate, and Acidity. Part II: Selection of Events, Deposition Totals, and Source� Receptor Relationships.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
A method for deriving estimates of long-term acidic deposition over eastern North America based on a limited number of Regional Acid Deposition Model runs has been developed. The main components of this method are the identification of a representative sample of events for model simulation and the aggregation of the deposition totals associated with the events. Meteorological categories, defined according to 3-day progressions of 850-mb wind flow over eastern North America, were used to guide the selection of events. This paper describes how events were selected from the categories and how they were combined (aggregated) to estimate long-term deposition. The effectiveness of the category-based approach was compared against alternate aggregation approaches and it was found to provide the best sample-based estimates of long-term wet sulfate deposition across eastern North America.Thirty events from the 1982 85 time period were selected using a set of predetermined criteria and aggregated to estimate seasonal and annual SO24, NO3, and H+ deposition at 20 Utility Acid Precipitation Study Program sites. The accuracy of the estimates varied geographically and depending upon whether they were for the annual or seasonal time periods. Over the main area of interest (a smaller 13-site region), the mean rms errors for annual deposition were 10%, 15%, and 12% for sulfate, nitrate, and acidity, respectively. Source receptor relationships associated with the 30 events were examined for three sites located in Michigan, North Carolina, and upstate New York. It was found that the amount of time that transport was to these areas from the U.S. Midwest (an area of high SO2 emissions) was represented to within 20%.
Brook, Jeffrey R.; Samson, Perry J.; Sillman, Sanford
Radiometric detection of yeasts in blood cultures of cancer patients
During a 12-month period, 19,457 blood cultures were collected. Yeasts were isolated from 193 cultures derived from 76 cancer patients. Candida albicans or Candida tropicalis accounted for 79% of isolates. Of the three methods compared, the radiometric method required 2.9 days to become positive, blind subculture required 2.6 days, and Gram stains required 1 day. However, the radiometric method was clearly superior in detecting positive cultures, since 73% of all cultures were first detected radiometrically, 22% were detected by subculture, and only 5% were detected by Gram stain. Although 93% of the isolates were detected by aerobic culture, five (7%) isolates were obtained only from anaerobic cultures. Seven days of incubation appear to be sufficient for the radiometric detection of yeasts.
Hopfer, R.L.; Orengo, A.; Chesnut, S.; Wenglar, M.
An evaluation of an InPouch TV culture method for diagnosing Trichomonas vaginalis infection
A new culture method for Trichomonas vaginalis, the InPouch TV test, was evaluated for its sensitivity and specificity in supporting growth of trichomonads. Five clinical isolates remained viable for periods from 41 to 131 days. A strain from the ATTC 30001 remained viable for 91 days. As few as four trichomonads\\/ml of culture medium could be viewed microscopically within 24
K A Borchardt; R F Smith
Divisional Normals and Standard Deviations of Temperature, Precipitation, and Heating and Cooling Degree Days, 1971-2000 (and previous normals period). Section 2: Precipitation. Climatography of the United States No. 85.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This Climatography includes normals and standard deviations for the five 30-year normals periods and the 70-year period between 1931-2000 for each climate division. A climate division represents a region within a state that is as climatically homogeneous ...
Divisional Normals and Standard Deviations of Temperature, Precipitation, and Heating and Cooling Degree Days, 1971-2000 (and previous normals period). Section 1: Temperature. Climatography of the United States No. 85.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
This Climatography includes normals and standard deviations for the five 30-year normals periods and the 70-year period between 1931-2000 for each climate division. A climate division represents a region within a state that is as climatically homogeneous ...
Action of ketotifen on histamine release and intracellular cAMP levels in basophil cultures from pollinic subjects.
Basophils from peripheral blood of 22 pollinic patients were isolated and were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of ketotifen. We studied the effect of this drug on the specific histamine release (Technicon autoanalyzer) and the levels of intracellular cAMP during days 1, 6 and 12 of culture period. We observed that ketotifen induced an inhibition of specific histamine release throughout the culture days, but was greater on the 12th day. The cAMP levels likewise increased during the period of culture in the presence of ketotifen. PMID:2424292
Castillo, J G; Sanz, M L; Oehling, A
Stennis Space Center celebrates Diversity Day
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Kendall Mitchell of the Naval Oceanographic Office (right) learns about the culture of Bolivia from Narda Inchausty, president of the Foreign Born Wives Association in Slidell, La., during 2009 Diversity Day events at NASA's John Stennis Space Center. Stennis hosted Diversity Day activities for employees on Oct. 7. The day's events included cultural and agency exhibits, diversity-related performances, a trivia contest and a classic car and motorcycle show. It also featured the first-ever sitewide Stennis Employee Showcase.
Serial testing from a 3-day collection period by use of the Bartonella Alphaproteobacteria growth medium platform may enhance the sensitivity of Bartonella species detection in bacteremic human patients.
Patients with infection from bacteremic Bartonella spp., tested using Bartonella Alphaproteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM), were retrospectively categorized into one of two groups that included those whose blood was collected once (group 1; n = 55) or three times (group 2; n = 36) within a 1-week period. Overall, 19 patients (20.8%) were PCR positive for one or more Bartonella spp. using the BAPGM platform. Seven patients (12.7%) in group 1 tested positive, and 12 patients (33.3%) in group 2 tested positive. Detection was improved when the patients were tested three times within a 1-week period (odds ratio, 3.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 9.8]; P = 0.02). Obtaining three sequential blood samples during a 1-week period should be considered a diagnostic approach when bartonellosis is suspected. PMID:23486720
Pultorak, Elizabeth L; Maggi, Ricardo G; Mascarelli, Patricia E; Breitschwerdt, Edward B
Serial Testing from a 3-Day Collection Period by Use of the Bartonella Alphaproteobacteria Growth Medium Platform May Enhance the Sensitivity of Bartonella Species Detection in Bacteremic Human Patients
Patients with infection from bacteremic Bartonella spp., tested using Bartonella Alphaproteobacteria growth medium (BAPGM), were retrospectively categorized into one of two groups that included those whose blood was collected once (group 1; n = 55) or three times (group 2; n = 36) within a 1-week period. Overall, 19 patients (20.8%) were PCR positive for one or more Bartonella spp. using the BAPGM platform. Seven patients (12.7%) in group 1 tested positive, and 12 patients (33.3%) in group 2 tested positive. Detection was improved when the patients were tested three times within a 1-week period (odds ratio, 3.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 9.8]; P = 0.02). Obtaining three sequential blood samples during a 1-week period should be considered a diagnostic approach when bartonellosis is suspected.
Pultorak, Elizabeth L.; Maggi, Ricardo G.; Mascarelli, Patricia E.
Effect of cultural conditions on the growth and amylolytic enzyme production by rhizopus oryzae
Rhizopus oryzae achieved a peak amylase production within 6 days of culture for starch yeast extract (SYE) medium and 8 days for yeast extract (YE) medium through the 20 days period of incubation, Maximum amylase activity by the fungus occurred prior to maximum production of mycelial biomass both in the SYE and YE media. Production of amylase was not related
A. C. Amadioha
Effect of the in vitro culture system on the kinetics of blastocyst development and sex ratio of bovine embryos
Bovine blastocysts were produced using 6 different systems: 5 commonly used in vitro culture systems (synthetic oviduct fluid medium - SOF - without fetal calf serum, SOF supplemented with 10% serum for the entire culture period, SOF supplemented with 10% serum from Day 4 of culture, M199 coculture with bovine oviduct epithelial cells, M199 coculture with granulosa cell monolayer) and
A. Guti�rrez-Ad�n; P. Lonergan; D. Rizos; F. A. Ward; M. P. Boland; B. Pintado; J. de la Fuente
Recurrent senescence in axenic cultures of Physarum polycephalum.
When subcultures of the aux-2 and aux-4 strains of Physarum polycephalum, which had been grown for more than four years in axenic shake culture, were transferred to non-axenic surface culture they displayed progressively shorter lifespans (older axenic surface cultures yield shorter lived non-axenic cultures). Similar subcultures transferred to axenic agar medium also underwent senescent-like events. These subcultures, after a period of vigorous growth, displayed a slower growth rate, reduced cytoplasmic streaming, loss of yellow pigment, and eventually they fragmented into a number of small spherical structures with the concomitant lysis of most of the plasmodium. In non-axenic culture these structures quickly degenerated (and disappeared from the culture); however, in axenic culture they revived and after several days produced new vigorous plasmodia. Following a period of vigorous growth the plasmodium again underwent senescent-like events. This cycle of senescence and growth was repeated a number of times before death finally occurred. PMID:3989512
Hu, F S; Clark, J; Lott, T
When Every Day Is Professional Development Day
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
In the Monroe Township (New Jersey) Public Schools, teachers' learning occurs daily, not just on one day in October and February. Central office and school-level administrators foster job-embedded teacher growth. Every day is a professional development day in the district, but that has not always been so. How did the district become a system with�
Tienken, Christopher H.; Stonaker, Lew
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this fifth day of the STS-79 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. William F. Readdy, Pilot Terrence W. Wilcutt, Mission Specialists, Thomas D. Akers, Shannon Lucid, Jay Apt, and Carl E. Walz, in the first full day of joint Shuttle/Mir operations begin in with the transfer of a biotechnology investigation and logistical supplies from Atlantis to Mir. The Biotechnology System, an investigation that will study the long-term development of cartilage cells in microgravity, was transported to Mir early this morning. During his planned four-month stay on Mir, John Blaha will take weekly samples of the culture which may provide researchers with information on engineering cartilage cells for possible use in transplantation. They also took time out of their schedules to talk with Good Morning America's Elizabeth Vargas in a brief interview. Prior to beginning the day's transfer activities, all nine astronauts and cosmonauts participated in a joint planning session to outline the day's schedule.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Describes 10 "literacy day" activities that one California elementary school has used successfully schoolwide, typically one such day per month, to make reading fun and purposeful, while developing a sense of community. Includes: spread-a-quilt day; teacher exchange day; turn off the TV; Dr. Seuss day; community readers; schoolwide poets; original�
Polder, Darlene D.
Mineral content of quail embryos cultured in mineral-rich and mineral-free conditions.
Japanese quail embryos were cultured in mineral rich (MR) using chickens egg shell and mineral-free (MF) using Saran Wrap cultures after 2.5 days of normal incubation. In the MR culture, 82% of embryos survived beyond 14.5 days of incubation and 3 embryos out of 93 (3%) hatched. In the MF culture, 80% survived beyond 9.5 days and 59% beyond 14.5 days. Mineral content (Ca, Mg, K, and Na) of the embryos and of the residual matter within the egg (remaining egg contents excluding the embryo, shell, and shell membrane) were analyzed at 7 to 15 days of incubation. Calcium content of the embryos increased gradually between 9 and 11 days and showed a rapid increase after 11 days in both normal incubation (control) and MR culture. Changes in mineral levels of the embryos plus residual matter within the egg were as follows. Calcium content of the controls increased gradually between 9 and 11 days and showed a rapid increase after 11 days. In MR cultures, Ca increased between 10 and 12 days and showed a rapid increase after 12 days. Magnesium content increased rapidly after 13 days in controls and showed a small increase after 13 days in MR cultures. Potassium and Na content remained constant in both controls and MR cultures. In MF cultures, content of the four minerals remained constant throughout the culture period. Mineral levels of Japanese quail and chicken eggs were compared before and after normal incubation. It was found that 81.5% of Ca and 30.8% of Mg assimilated by newly hatched quail chicks were derived from the egg shell during incubation and 84.2% of Ca and 23.5% of Mg in the chicken. PMID:6701139
Ono, T; Wakasugi, N
In vitro isolation and cultivation of Cowdria ruminantium under serum-free culture conditions
Three stocks of Cowdria ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater in domestic ruminants, were propagated in bovine endothelial cells in a serum-free culture medium. The Vosloo, Welgevonden and Senegal stocks were propagated for a period of more than 203, 134, and 43 days, respectively. Two of the C ruminantium stocks (Vosloo and Senegal) were also successfully initiated under serum-free culture
E Zweygarth; S. W Vogel; A. I Josemans; E Horn
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Today, we are going to look at special days in Alabama history. Today we are going to look at four special Alabama Days: 1) Boll Weevil Festival 2) Helen Keller Day 3) Mardi Gras 4) Shrimp Festival I am giving you videos to watch about each special day. I am ...
Lucky, Ms.
Non-spore forming eubacteria isolated at an altitude of 20,000 m in Earth's atmosphere: Extended incubation periods needed for culture-based assays
On 13 August 2004, an atmospheric sample was collected at an altitude of 20,000 m along a west to east transect over the continental United States by NASA's Stratospheric and Cosmic Dust Program. This sample was then shipped to the US Geological Survey's Global Desert Dust program for microbiological analyses. This sample, which was plated on a low nutrient agar to determine if cultivable microorganisms were present, produced 590 small yellow to off-white colonies after approximately 7 weeks of incubation at room-temperature. Of 50 colonies selected for identification using 16S rRNA sequencing, 41 belonged to the family Micrococcaceae, seven to the family Microbacteriaceae, one to the genus Staphylococcus, and one to the genus Brevibacterium. All of the isolates identified were non-spore-forming pigmented bacteria, and their presence in this sample illustrate that it is not unusual to recover viable microbes at extreme altitudes. Additionally, the extended period required to initiate growth demonstrates the need for lengthy incubation periods when analyzing high-altitude samples for cultivable microorganisms. ?? 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Griffin, D. W.
Comparison of different culture modes for long-term expansion of neural stem cells.
Neural stem cells (NSCs) can be cultured in two modes of suspension and monolayer in vitro. The cultured cells are different in both the ability to proliferate and heterogeneity. In order to find the appropriate methods for large-scale expansion of NSCs, we systematically compared the NSCs cultured in suspension with those cultured in monolayer. The forebrain tissue was removed from embryonic day 14 (E14) mice, then the tissue was dissociated into single-cell suspension by Accutase and mechanical trituration. The cells were cultured in both suspension and monolayer. The NSCs cultured in suspension and in monolayer were compared on viability, ability to proliferate and heterogeneity by fluorescent dyes, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry on DIV21 (21 days in vitro), DIV56 and DIV112, respectively. The results indicated that the NSCs cultured in both suspension and monolayer represented good viability in long-term cultures. But they displayed a distinct ability to proliferate in long-term cultures. The NSCs cultured in monolayer preceded those cultured in suspension on the ability to proliferate on DIV21 and DIV56, but no obvious difference on DIV112. The NSCs population cultured in suspension displayed more nestin-positive cells than those in monolayer during the whole process of culture. The NSCs population cultured in monolayer, however, displayed more betaIII tubulin-positive cells than those in suspension in the same period. The suspension culture mode excels the monolayer culture mode for large-scale expansion of NSCs. PMID:19002879
Zheng, Ke; Liu, Tian-Qing; Dai, Ming-Shu; Ge, Dan; Li, Xiang-Qin; Ma, Xue-Hu; Cui, Zhan-Feng
The first day of chick development takes place inside the mother hen (in utero), during which the embryo progresses from fertilization to late blastula/early gastrula formation. The salient features of developmental anatomy in this period are conserved among the sauropsids (birds and reptiles). Many of these features are also shared in prototherian (monotreme) embryos, whereas metatherian (marsupial) and eutherian (placental) embryos display significant variations. Important for understanding the evolution of early development in amniotes, the knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating in utero chick development may also offer valuable insight into early lineage specification in prototherians and conserved features in mammalian early development. This commentary provides a snapshot of what is currently known about intrauterine chick development and identifies key issues that await further clarification, including the process of cellularization, allocation of maternal determinants, zygotic gene activation, mid-blastula transition, cell layer increase and reduction, radial symmetry breaking, early lineage segregation, and role of yolk syncytium in early patterning. PMID:24550174
Sheng, Guojun
A prospective randomized study comparing the outcome of in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer following culture of human embryos individually or in groups before embryo transfer on day 2.
A prospective randomized trial of in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer was undertaken to investigate the reported beneficial effects of culturing preimplantation human embryos in groups, rather than individually. A total of 159 treatment cycles, in which the women were matched for age, basal gonadotrophin concentrations and number of previous attempts, were included in the study. Of these, 78 cycles were randomized to the 'individual culture' group, and 81 cycles were randomized to the 'group culture' group. The groups did not differ in terms of the median number of oocytes or embryos obtained per cycle. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of treatment outcome, as assessed by pregnancies or clinical pregnancies. PMID:10374098
Spyropoulou, I; Karamalegos, C; Bolton, V N
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
President Barack Obama recently issued a call for increased hands-on learning in U.S. schools in an address at the National Academy of Sciences. Obama concluded that the future of the United States depends on one's ability to encourage young people to "create, and build, and invent." In this article, the author discusses National Lab Day (NLD)�
Bull, Glen
Bioinformatics Challenge Days.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The Bioinformatics Challenge Days were two one-day events sponsored by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) and carried out by MIT Lincoln Laboratory in cooperation with Edgewood Chemical Biological Center (ECBC). These events explored the utility o...
A. Shcherbina D. O. Ricke P. A. Carr
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This activity page which supports the Cyberchase video, "Saving Mother's Day" uses lines of symmetry to create a Madre Bonita flower, the symbol of Mother's Day. This activity can be printed for student use.
Effective Cross Cultural Communication
When we speak about communication it is imperative to consider it as being cultural � it draws on ways we have learned to speak and give nonverbal messages. We do not always communicate the same way from day to day, since there are factors like context, individual personality, and mood interact usually with the variety of cultural influences we have
Adriana Vintean
Over the past 50 years, day hospitals have emerged and developed in Western psychiatric services in the process of deinstitutionalization. There is now great diversity in the aims and uses of services that fit under the umbrella term of �day hospital care�. The research literature has identified four models of day hospitals, varying from acute or crisis services as an
Jane Briscoe; Stefan Priebe
... some later. The first period is known as menarche (pronounced: MEH-nar-kee). What would you do ... unusual, especially in the first 2 years after menarche, to skip periods or to have an irregular ...
Development of a new protocol for 2-day generation of mature dendritic cells from human monocytes
We developed a new 2-day protocol for the generation of dendritic cells (DCs) from human monocytes in vitro. First, we demonstrated that 24 hours of culture with GM-CSF and IL-4 are sufficient to generate immature DCs capable of antigen uptake. We then compared two different strategies for DC maturation: proinflammatory mediators were either added together with GM-CSF and IL-4 from the beginning of cell culture or added after 24 hours of differentiation with GM-CSF and IL-4. After 48 hours of total culture period, expression of activation markers was more pronounced in cells generated by the 2-step differentiation and activation method. Our new protocol for 2-day DC differentiation reduces labor, cost and time and also reliably renders high numbers of mature and viable DCs.
Obermaier, Bianca; Dauer, Marc; Herten, Jan; Schad, Katharina; Endres, Stefan
To determine participants� willingness to go �meat-free� for the day, a twelve-item survey was distributed randomly at campus restaurants during meal periods. The sample consisted of over 600 students and staff. The results were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) statistical software. Nine percent (71% female & 29% male) claimed to be vegetarian with lacto-ovo vegetarianism the most
Laura Hartung
The periodic paralyses are a group of muscle diseases with abnormalities of channels. These abnormalities result in paralysis or weakness with or without poor relaxation of muscle. Hypokalemic periodic paralyses, potassium-sensitive periodic paralyses, and paramyotonia congenita are reviewed. The clinical findings, pathophysiologic abnormalities, diagnostic evaluations, and possible treatments are included in this article. PMID:10658175
Gutmann, L
Fibrin-chitosan composite substrate for in vitro culture of chondrocytes.
The aim of this study was to develop a biocompatible monolayer substrate based on fibrin and chitosan for in vitro culture of chondrocytes. Fibrin-chitosan composite substrates combined the proved cell adhesion properties of fibrin with the hydrophilicity and poor adhesion capacity of chitosan. Chitosan microspheres were produced by coacervation method, agglomerated within a fibrin network and subsequently crosslinked with genipin. The composite substrate was stable for 28 days of culture due to the high crosslinking density. Human chondrocytes cultured on the composite substrate were viable during the culture period. At the end of culture time (28 days) the composite substrate showed low cellular proliferation, 41% more collagen type II and 13% more production of sulfated glycosaminoglycans with respect to the amounts found at 14 days. The study revealed that dedifferentiated chondrocytes cultured in monolayer on the composite substrate can re-acquire characteristics of differentiated cells without using three-dimensional substrates or chondrogenic media. PMID:22865818
Gamboa-Mart�nez, T C; Garc�a Cruz, D M; Carda, C; Ribelles, J L G�mez; Ferrer, G Gallego
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This activity combines cultural exploration with identifying number patterns and provides an opportunity for learners to explore how different cultures celebrate a specific date in different ways. Students make a calendar for a month in another country or historical period. They could choose a country, such as India or China that uses different numerals or go back to ancient Mayan times, using the Mayan number system to make a calendar for a month. Available as a web page and downloadable PDF. Blank calendar template is also available as a downloadable PDF.
Hippocampal culture stimulus with 4-megahertz ultrasound
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Among current modalities, ultrasound uniquely offers both millisecond and millimeter accuracy in noninvasively stimulating brain tissue. In addition, by sweeping the ultrasound beam within the refractory period of the neuronal tissue, ultrasonic neuromodulation can be adapted to target extended or multiply connected regions with quasi-simultaneity. Towards the development of this safe brain stimulus technique, the response of rat hippocampal cultures to ultrasound was investigated. Hippocampal slices, 0.4-mm thick, were obtained from 8-day old Sprague Dawley rats and cultured for 6 days. The in vitro cultures were exposed to multiple 100-ms 4.04-MHz ultrasound pulses from a 42-mm diameter, 90-mm spherical cap transducer. Peak pressure ranged from 0 through about 77 kPa. Responses in the form of electrical potentials from a sixty channel electrode array were digitized and recorded. The DG and CA1 regions of the hippocampus exhibited similar ultrasonically-evoked field potentials.
Muratore, Robert; LaManna, Justine K.; Lamprecht, Michael R.; Morrison, Barclay, III
A prospective trial of blastocyst culture and transfer
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the blastocyst culture method compared with the conventional day 3 transfer method using a prospective trial. METHODS: A total of 235 patients with 273 cycles were evaluated for a period of almost 1 year. Depending upon the sequence in which the ovum retrieval was performed, patients were prospectively
Takafumi Utsunomiya; Tae Naitou; Miyuki Nagaki
A study on magnetic field effects on fibroblast cultures part 2. The evaluation of the effects of static and extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields on free-radical processes in fibroblast cultures
Cultures of fibroblasts isolated from murine liver by the method of tissue trypsinization were exposed to static magnetic field (0.49 T) and extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field 50 Hz (0.020 T). The cultures were exposed to magnetic fields for exposure periods of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 min on four consecutive days. After exposure, the Zn, Fe
Bogus?aw Kula
Within the context of the deinstitutionalization of psychiatric services across Europe in the last 40 years, day hospitals have emerged as a more flexible treatment model. There is great diversity in the uses and aims of day hospitals, with some functioning as an alternative to acute in-patient care, and others for the rehabilitation and support of patients with chronic needs,
Jane Briscoe; Stefan Priebe
Psychiatric day hospitalization is an evolving and innovative alternative to inpatient psychiatric hospitalization. While the deinstitutionalization of some psychiatric patients is therapeutically and financially advantageous, treatment or rehabilitation programs have not effectively kept pace. Many acute and chronic patients do not require in-hospital supervision, but they do require intensive interdisciplinary care. The Basava Day Clinic in Richmind, Virginia, was developed
Rebecca L. Gusich; A. Lynne Silverman
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This newsletter theme issue looks at infant day care models including those emphasizing early intervention with special needs infants. The lead article, "Infants in Day Care: Reflections on Experiences, Expectations and Relationships," by Jeree H. Pawl, stresses the importance of understanding infants' and toddlers' capacities and needs in�
Pawl, Jeree, Ed.; And Others
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This document presents information and development materials about "School Building Day" (an event spotlighting the school facility and developing support and pride in the community's schools) to help local school districts conduct their own "School Building Day" to be held on April 20th of 2001. Included are lists of suggested activities and�
Council of Educational Facility Planners, International, Scottsdale, AZ.
The word "red-letter" is an adjective meaning "of special significance." It's origin is from the practice of marking Christian holy days in red letters on calendars. The "red-letter days" to which I refer occurred while I was a graduate student of ...
A respirometer for organ cultures
1. A differential respirometer that can measure the oxygen uptake of organ cultures for periods of several days is described. 2. Diethanolamine is used as an external carbon dioxide buffer so that oxygen consumption can be measured in the presence of physiological concentrations of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. 3. The efficiency of carbon dioxide retention with 5% carbon dioxide as gas phase is estimated to be 75% and the accuracy to be �5% with a measured rate of oxygen uptake in excess of 40?l./hr. 4. Some experiments with guinea-pig retina are reported. ImagesFig. 2.
Lucas, D. R.
Growth of Babesia bovis parasites in stationary and suspension cultures and their use in experimental vaccination of cattle.
A combination of stationary culture and suspension culture was used to produce litre quantities of Babesia bovis parasites suitable for use as live vaccine. The Australian vaccine strain of B bovis, Ka, was maintained continuously in microaerophilus stationary phase (MASP) cultures, and for a short period in batch and flow-through spinner flask cultures. Although continuous culturing was not achieved in spinner flasks, the production of litre quantities of heavily parasitised erythrocytes was achieved more simply than by using MASP cultures. Ka strain parasites were maintained continuously in MASP culture for 174 days without altering their virulence or immunogenicity when compared to calf-derived parasites. Cultured parasites also survived storage at 4 degrees C for six days in basal medium, adding to their potential usefulness as a live vaccine in field situations. PMID:2595088
Timms, P; Stewart, N P
NSDL National Science Digital Library
"GIS Day [November 16, 2005] is a grassroots event that formalizes the practice of geographic information systems (GIS) users and vendors of opening their doors to schools, businesses, and the general public to showcase real-world applications of this important technology." Visitors can find event information, a schedule of events, the latest news, and a registration form. Educators can find tips on how to host a successful GIS Day Event. Users can obtain links to discussion forums and GIS software. The website also offers links to GIS Day websites from around the world.
More than 200 high school juniors and seniors with interests in science, technology, engineering and math met one-on-one with professionals at NASA's Langley Research Center during Career Day 2012,...
... hepatitis A virus. It is spread by poor hand washing after going to the bathroom or changing a ... and then preparing food. In addition to good hand washing, day care staff and children should get the ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This Mother's Day themed set of word problems provides students with practice problem solving using ratios, algebraic thinking, operations with whole numbers, decimals, and percents, and more. The resource includes an answer key.
Malen, Mary L.; Holtz, Gwenn
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
One recruiting activity that has proved successful for the past nine years at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is DE (Distributive Education) Day. The article describes the techniques used to plan and conduct this event. (MW)
Smith, W. O. Dan
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Sara Beth Casey, 5, proudly displays her artwork, 'Planets.' Sara Beth created the art as a student of Stennis Day Camp, a free camp for Stennis Space Center employees' children whose schools have not resumed since Hurricane Katrina hit the region on Aug. 29. The camp has registered nearly 200 children and averages 100 children each day. The camp will continue until all schools are back in session.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Project WET's Make a Splash Water Education Days provide plentiful learning opportunities for elementary students and preservice teachers. At these annual, all-day events held in nearly every state across the country each September, students participate in interactive activities and exhibits to learn about water resources and explore how human behaviors, such as development and recreation, can affect the quality of our country's waterways.
Rust, April; Jensen, Belinda; Coverdale, Greg
... condition that causes period problems is PCOS, or polycystic ovary syndrome. Read our information on PCOS for teens , and see your doctor if you think you may have PCOS. Major weight loss. Girls who have anorexia will ...
Sensory and chemical properties of white pickled cheese produced using kefir, yoghurt or a commercial cheese culture as a starter
We examined the sensory and chemical properties during a 120-day ripening period of white pickled cheeses produced using kefir, yoghurt, or commercial cheese cultures as the starter. Starter culture type had a significant impact on acidity, pH, salt, and fat levels in cheese (p0.01), as well as on ash level, appearance, and odour properties (p0.05). During ripening, culture type significantly
A. Goncu; Z. Alpkent
NSDL National Science Digital Library
"Sorry Day," held on May 26, 1998 in Australia, was an attempt on the part of some Australians to come to grips with the policy of forced removal of Aboriginal children that took place for 150 years until the 1970s. The National Sorry Day site is provided by the Reconciliation and Social Justice Project of the Australasian Legal Information Institute. The site contains background and an educational activities kit. The centerpiece, however, is full text access (in the Publications) to Bringing Them Home: Report of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families, which was tabled by the Australian Federal Parliament exactly one year before Sorry Day.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Subtitled A Miscellany of Popular Antiquities in connection with the Calendar, Chambers's Book of Days is essentially a collection of "On this Day" trivia, short pieces, and other interesting tidbits, including history, literature, biography, and "oddities of human life and character." Digitized by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, this electronic reprint may be browsed in page order or via a calendar navigator. The site offers a fun look into pop-history/ tabloid news of the late nineteenth century. For instance, I discovered that on the day of my birth in 1626 "a cod-fish was brought to Cambridge market, which upon being opened, was found to contain a book in its maw or stomach." An auspicious date to be born indeed.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The American Chemical Society discusses how chemists are celebrating Earth Day this year. Users can learn how to take part in the 2004 Unifying Event - Testing the pH of Rain Water. Kindergarten through twelfth graders can find out about the music video contest where they are asked to illustrate contributions chemists have made to water chemistry and the environment. Educators can find numerous classroom activities, publications, and other resources to teach their students about water. Chemists looking to become involved in Earth Day should visit this website.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
In this activity, students measure the length of the day using the rotation of the Earth, and discover that the Sun is not exactly in the same place at the same clock time every day, understand that the changes are due to motions of the Earth, and lead to differences in solar, star, and sidereal time. This resource is from PUMAS - Practical Uses of Math and Science - a collection of brief examples created by scientists and engineers showing how math and science topics taught in K-12 classes have real world applications.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This collection of 3 bilingual papers on issues related to staff training for preschool programs is part of a series of papers on various aspects of day care published by the Canadian Department of Health and Welfare. Each paper is presented in both English and French. Paper I offers brief guidelines for observing and learning about the behavior�
Bakewell, Ruth; And Others
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Discusses the problem faced by trainers who are "on stage" for eight hours a day. Offers tips to relieve the stress caused by continuous training, including maintaining personal space, taking a lunch break, keeping physically energized, and avoiding burnout when teaching the same thing over and over. (JOW)
Filipczak, Bob
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
We know more now than we ever did before about how to make every child a successful reader, write Allington and Gabriel in this research review. Yet, few students regularly receive the best reading instruction we know how to give. The authors present research supporting their recommendation that every child, every day, should (1) read something he�
Allington, Richard L.; Gabriel, Rachael E.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Presents what the author believes to be some of the most important environmental books published since Earth Day 1970. Discusses each selection and how it provides the historical background, basic information, and appreciation necessary to understand the character of our environmental dilemma and our need to address it. (MCO)
Moser, Don, Ed.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Each year, first graders at Kensington Parkwood Elementary School in Kensington, Maryland, look forward to Fabulous Weather Day. Students learn how meteorologists collect data about the weather, how they study wind, temperature, precipitation, basic types/characteristics of clouds, and how they forecast. The project helps the students grow in�
Marshall, Candice; Mogil, H. Michael
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This activity generates discussion about the times of day and the passing of time. Students try to place the daily events shown in pictures in chronological order. They are encouraged to use terms such as afternoon, earlier, and the time units. The Teachers' Notes page includes suggestions for implementation, discussion questions, ideas for extension and support, and printable sheets.
American Experience: Earth Days
NSDL National Science Digital Library
In late 1969, Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson hired Denis Hayes to organize a national teach-in day about the importance of protecting the environment for future generations. On April 22, 1970, the first Earth Day was held and over 20 million Americans participated via a variety of celebrations and demonstrations. This website is designed to be a companion to the American Experience documentary on the history of Earth Day, and it includes a teacher's guide, several special interviews, and the documentary in its entirety. The film was directed by Robert Stone, and it serves as "a poetic meditation on man's complex relationship with nature and an engaging history�of groundbreaking eco-activism." On the homepage, visitors should also take note of the photo gallery, the interactive timeline of the modern environmental movement, and a telling interview with the father of the "Green Revolution", Norman Borlaug. Visitors are also encouraged to share their own Earth Day memories on the site.
... up over the first few days or weeks after birth. The doctor will examine your baby within the first 12-24 hours of birth and make sure that any rashes or spots are normal. Remember, your baby's appearance will change dramatically over the ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
In this 23-minute video the Cyberchase squad uses their knowledge of fractions and decimals to fix the rails for the Madre Bonita Express and save Mother's Day. Throughout the video the crew is faced with challenges that require them to measure pieces of track and add together different fraction and decimal amounts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rural family day care settings are reviewed and the need for back up resources is emphasized. Suggestions are made for action by responsible agencies, trainers and others concerned with the delivery of effective child care services, particularly when appropriate group care is not available. (MS)
Adams, Diane; Macht, Mary
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The number of people living on less than one dollar per day has decreased in some places in the world while it has stayed steady in other areas. This could be because the population has been rising in those areas and the economy cannot cope in those certain places.
N/A N/A (None;)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
In this brief article, the author, a science teacher at F. C. Hammond Middle School in Alexandria, Virginia, describes how the setting up of a simple science experiment on the first day of school can get students excited about learning science. The experiment involves heating a small amount of water in a flask, then covering the opening of the�
Bort, Nancy
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This Model Eliciting Activity (MEA) is written at a 5th grade level. The Shady Day MEA provides students with an engineering problem in which they must work as a team to design a procedure to select the best beach umbrella for certain situations.
Caudill, Kerri
It is shown that the icosahedral quasicrystal and the recently observed T phase are closely related to each other. The latter is a periodic stacking of two-dimensional quasilattices with mirror symmetry. Their diffraction patterns, though appearing very different, can be indexed by a set of primary vectors that are only small deformations of each other. However, because of the mirror
T.-L. Ho
Use of an automated blood culture system (BD BACTEC(TM)) for diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections: easy and fast
Background For the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) automated BACTEC� blood culture bottle methods have comparable sensitivity, specificity and a shorter time to positivity than traditional cooked meat enrichment broth methods. We evaluate the culture incubation period required to maximise sensitivity and specificity of microbiological diagnosis, and the ability of BACTEC� to detect slow growing Propionibacteria spp. Methods Multiple periprosthetic tissue samples taken by a standardised method from 332 patients undergoing prosthetic joint revision arthroplasty were cultured for 14�days, using a BD BACTEC� instrumented blood culture system, in a prospective study from 1st January to 31st August 2012. The �gold standard� definition for PJI was the presence of at least one histological criterion, the presence of a sinus tract or purulence around the device. Cases where?>?=2 samples yielded indistinguishable isolates were considered culture-positive. 1000 BACTEC� bottle cultures which were negative after 14�days incubation were sub-cultured for Propionibacteria spp. Results 79 patients fulfilled the definition for PJI, and 66 of these were culture-positive. All but 1 of these 66 culture-positive cases of PJI were detected within 3�days of incubation. Only one additional (clinically-insignificant) Propionibacterium spp. was identified on terminal subculture of 1000 bottles. Conclusions Prolonged microbiological culture for 2�weeks is unnecessary when using BACTEC� culture methods. The majority of clinically significant organisms grow within 3�days, and Propionibacteria spp. are identified without the need for terminal subculture. These findings should facilitate earlier decisions on final antimicrobial prescribing.
Characterization of the calcification process modeled in rat embryonic calvarial culture.
An organ culture system to model the physiological calcification process was designed using rat embryonic calvaria as a device for analyzing its mechanism. Standardized calvarial explants were dissected from rat embryos aged 18 and 20 days (E18 and E20) and cultured for 1, 3 and 5 days. The calcium content of the cultured explants was quantified by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Equivalent explants were fixed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with von Kossa stain combined with hematoxylin-eosin or processed for energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to determine the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus and carbon in the tissue. The total calcium content increased significantly in E18 and E20 cultured calvaria (E18cc and E20cc) over 5 days of culture. All cultured calvaria were von Kossa-positive, whereas the staining was intensified, and sound osteoblasts and osteocytes were observed in the bone matrix only in E18cc during the 5-day culture period. Concentrations of calcium and carbon increased significantly in E18cc over 5 days, whereas E20 showed little increase. Physiological calcification proceeded in E18cc, but not in E20cc. These results indicate that the organ culture system using E18 calvaria is useful for modeling the physiological calcification process in vitro. PMID:21917848
Kimura, Yasuko; Kikunaga, Shigeshi; Takahashi, Ichiro; Hatakeyama, Yuji; Fukumoto, Satoshi; Sasano, Yasuyuki
Production of tropane alkaloids by small-scale bubble column bioreactor cultures of Scopolia parviflora adventitious roots.
The mass production of tropane alkaloids from adventitious root cultures of Scopolia parviflora, in small-scale bubble column bioreactor (BCB) was attempted. Adventitious roots of S. parviflora produced relatively enhanced levels of scopolamine and hyoscyamine in bioreactor compared to flask type cultures, and rapidly produced root clumps, with continuously increasing biomass throughout the culture period. The production of scopolamine and hyoscyamine in the top and bottom regions of root clumps were higher than in the core region. The adventitious root cultures of S. parviflora in the BCB required a relatively high level of aeration. The optimized conditions for the bioreactor culture growth and alkaloid production were found to be 3g of inoculum, on a fresh weight basis, a 15-day culture period and 0.4vvm of airflow. The elicitation by Staphylococus aureus increased the specific compound of scopolamine, while the production of hyoscyamine was slightly inhibited in BCB cultures. PMID:16965915
Min, Ji Yun; Jung, Hee Young; Kang, Seung Mi; Kim, Yong Duck; Kang, Young Min; Park, Dong Jin; Prasad, Doddananjappa Theertha; Choi, Myung Suk
Locating productive oil and mineral deposits takes a combination of money, time, and luck. However, the modern-day prospector has several new tools at his disposal. Some are conventional and relatively inexpensive; others are more innovative and high-priced. Improved seismic techniques, image processing, and some other innovative prospecting methods are described. These techniques are helping oil companies improve their exploration win-loss records.
Not Available
Day services partnership working.
St. John's Hospice - Lancaster, serves patients within its Community for palliative and end of life care. Despite not being set up specifically for cancer patients, the hospice services are predominantly accessed by cancer patients. The Day hospice services have recently undertaken a number of initiatives to try to encourage wider access by long term conditions patients. The first success was a 'One Stop Multi-disciplinary Clinic' for motor neuron disease patients. Here patients are able to see members of the Multi-disciplinary team and the Nurse Specialist at a single hospice based clinic. Following this success the team were keen to extend the services to other long term condition groups. Initiated by a a meeting with the Parkinson's Disease Society - including some of their patients - it was agreed to host their support group which would include a weekly gentle exercise group. This commenced following a launch day. The Day Hospice more recently piloted a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) programme. The aim being to empower patients and help them gain control of their situation as they experienced disease progression. The programme which was done in partnership with the COPD specialist acute team and the hospice team set out a 6 week programme where patients were offered information, time and support. They dealt with issues such as fatigue, breathing exercises and discussed concerns around Preferred Priorities of Care and Advanced Care Planning using a multi-disciplinary approach. All the initiatives were matched against the QIPP agenda. Following the COPD programme five of the nine patients have accessed the day hospice. The staff and volunteers within the hospice have gained education from the specialists involved and each of the stakeholders/partners have had positive feedback from the users of the services. Moreover patients are also being introduced to other services within the hospice. PMID:24653422
Johnson, Wendy; Sinclair, Jane; Reeder, Sally
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The STS-107 second flight day begins with a shot of the Spacehab Research Double Module. Live presentations of experiments underway inside of the Spacehab Module are presented. Six experiments are shown. As part of the Space Technology and Research Student Payload, students from Australia, China, Israel, Japan, New York, and Liechtenstein are studying the effect that microgravity has on ants, spiders, silkworms, fish, bees, granular materials, and crystals. Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla is seen working with the zeolite crystal growth experiment.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The 85-foot telescope's dying day was part of a week of memorably unusual weather---which, in turn, was part of a memorable winter in California (and elsewhere!). On this day, it spent several hours finishing a months-long, apparently successful observation of Zeeman splitting of the 18-cm OH lines in absorption against the Galactic center continuum source Sgr A. Later, it continued a survey of weak diffuse radio recombination lines near the Galactic plane---observations that were interrupted by strong winds, which made the telescope move to the stow position. We know the rest. Had the telescope not been destroyed, it would have been reconfigured the following day to observe the 21-cm line. It would have continued an ongoing survey of interstellar magnetic fields using Zeeman splitting of the 21-cm line. It would have begun a search for broad, weak line wings, which had been previously discovered in association with supernova remnants. It would have been involved in a number of H I mapping projects. And it would have continued its measurements of diffuse radio recombination lines. Had it not been for the inclement weather, the weekend would have seen it being used in laboratory exercises for undergraduates at UC Berkeley.
Heiles, Carl
As in the rest of the United Kingdom, day surgery in Bristol is on the increase. In the Bristol Royal Infirmary day surgery unit (DSU) we treat approximately 3,500 patients a year. We have recently opened a second operating theatre. This has shifted the proportion of cases from our general theatres. This has also improved our case mix, less minor surgery under local anaesthetics, to more of the recommended 'basket type' surgery ie hernia repair, varicose vein surgery, excision of breast lumps etc. We have recently introduced an appointment booking system that is progressing. Such changes have to be introduced with good preparation, communication and a lot of diplomacy. I would like to outline the management aspects that help to expand and improve on the service we give, including patient selection and the appointment booking system we have introduced. I will describe how we drew up a policy involving the organisation of operation lists and staff involvement in day surgery management and accountability for patient care from admission through to discharge including our latest care plan. Finally I will outline the methods we have developed for evaluating the care we give. PMID:8507939
Carrington, S
Lactic Acid Production in a Mixed-Culture Biofilm Reactor �
Novel solid supports, consisting of polypropylene blended with various agricultural materials (pp composite), were evaluated as supports for pure- and mixed-culture continuous lactic acid fermentations in biofilm reactors. Streptomyces viridosporus T7A (ATCC 39115) was used to form a biofilm, and Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus (ATCC 11443) was used for lactic acid production. For mixed-culture fermentations, a 15-day continuous fermentation of S. viridosporus was performed initially to establish the biofilm. The culture medium was then inoculated with L. casei subsp. rhamnosus. For pure-culture fermentation, L. casei subsp. rhamnosus was inoculated directly into the reactors containing sterile pp composite chips. The biofilm reactors containing various pp composite chips were compared with a biofilm reactor containing pure polypropylene chips and with a reactor containing a suspension culture. Continuous fermentation was started, and each flow rate (0.06 to 1.92 ml/min) was held constant for 24 h; steady state was achieved after 10 h. Lactic acid production was determined throughout the 24-h period by high-performance liquid chromatography. Production rates that were two to five times faster than those of the suspension culture (control) were observed for the pure- and mixed-culture bioreactors. Both lactic acid production rates and lactic acid concentrations in the culture medium were consistently higher in mixed-culture than in pure-culture fermentations. Biofilm formation on the chips was detected at harvest by chip clumping and Gram staining.
Demirci, Ali; Pometto, Anthony L.; Johnson, Kenneth E.
In vitro culture of sheep lamb ovarian cortical tissue in a sequential culture medium
Purpose This study evaluates the effect of a sequential culture system on the follicular development of sheep lamb ovaries, aiming to establish an available in vitro culture system for ovarian culture. Methods Lamb ovarian cortical fragments were cultured on a steel mesh with a nitrocellulose membrane pre-coated by type1 collagen. Several culture media were used for the determinations, specifically, a control medium (?-MEM), a constant medium (control medium supplemented with 75�ng/mL human recombinant EGF, 200�mIU/mL sheep FSH, 100�ng/mL human recombinant GDF-9, and 100�ng/mL human recombinant bFGF), and a sequential medium (control medium supplemented with sequential growth factors added on different days). Ovarian tissues, both fresh and cultured, were processed for histological and apoptotic assays, while spent culture media were processed for hormone assays. Results It was found that the growth of lamb primordial follicles can be initiated during culture in vitro. Compared to the control medium, sequential culture medium significantly increased the percentage of secondary follicles in cultures, while the follicle and oocyte diameters of primary and secondary follicles were also observed to increase in this medium. The constant medium was found to increase the number and diameter of secondary follicles only 18�days after culture. After this same period of time, some normal antral follicles were found in the sequential medium, while a few abnormal antral-like follicles were found in the control medium. Moreover, sequential medium appeared to significantly increase estradiol and inhibin production, especially 10�18�days after culture. The highest percentage of normal follicles and the lowest apoptotic cell rates were observed in the sequential medium, suggesting that a sequential addition style of culture can improve follicle and tissue viability. Conclusions The sequential addition of FSH, EGF, GDF-9, and bFGF can stimulate primordial follicle transmittal into the later development stages, even as far as the antral stage, improve the survival rate of follicles, and maintain follicular viability.
Peng, Xiayu; Yang, Mei; Wang, Liqin; Tong, Chen
Culture of Primary Bovine Chondrocytes on a Continuously Expanding Surface Inhibits Dedifferentiation
Expansion of autologous chondrocytes in vitro is used to generate adequate populations for cell-based therapies. However, standard (SD) culture methods cause loss of chondrocyte phenotype and dedifferentiation to fibroblast-like cells. Here, we use a novel surface expansion culture system in an effort to inhibit chondrocyte dedifferentiation. A highly elastic silicone rubber culture surface was continuously stretched over a 13-day period to 600% of its initial surface area. This maintained cells at a high density while limiting contact inhibition and reducing the need for passaging. Gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, and immunofluorescence microscopy of follow-on pellet cultures were used to characterize the results of continuous expansion (CE) culture versus SD cultures on rigid polystyrene. CE culture yielded cells with a more chondrocyte-like morphology and higher RNA-level expression of the chondrogenic markers collagen type II, aggrecan, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Furthermore, the expression of collagen type I RNA and ?-smooth muscle actin protein were significantly reduced, indicating suppression of fibroblastic features. Pellet cultures from CE chondrocytes contained more sulphated glycosaminoglycan and collagen type II than pellets from SD culture. Additional control cultures on static (unexpanded) silicone (SS culture) indicated that benefits of CE culture were partially due to features of the culture surface itself and partially due to the reduced passaging which that surface enabled through CE. Chondrocytes grown in CE culture may, therefore, be a superior source for cell-based therapies.
Rosenzweig, Derek H.; Matmati, Mourad; Khayat, Ghazaleh; Chaudhry, Sidharth; Hinz, Boris
The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The mission of the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture is "to collect and disseminate information on all aspects of the state's history and culture and to provide a comprehensive reference work for historians, teachers, students and individuals for the purpose of promoting the study, understanding, and appreciation of Arkansas's heritage." First-time visitors should check out the This Day in Arkansas History feature, which provides easy access to the lore, culture, history, and geography of the state. Moving on, visitors can use the Browse Entries area to look around the material by category, type, time period, or race & ethnicity. Those persons looking for a bit of audio-visual inspiration will want to click on over to the Browse Media area. Here, they can find songs performed by sons and daughters of Arkansas (including the legendary Al Hibbler), maps, and video clips from films like "Emerson County Shaping Dream" and "Unhooking the Hookworm."
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Each year, first graders at Kensington Parkwood Elementary School in Kensington, Maryland, look forward to Fabulous Weather Day. After studying weather for three months, we celebrate what we have learned and stretch our thinking further into the weather world around us! Students learn how meteorologists collect data about the weather, how they study wind, temperature, precipitation, basic types/characteristics of clouds, and how they forecast. The project helps the students grow in their understanding of how the weather works and how it can affect their lives. Our unit focused on guiding students to formulate explanations about animals based on scientific evidence.
Marshall, Candice; Mogil, H. M.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)14 February 2005 This Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image shows a heart-shaped hill surrounded by cracked terrain within a depression in far northwestern Arabia Terra, near the Cydonia region of Mars. Happy St. Valentine's Day from the MGS MOC team! Location near: 39.1oN, 358.1oW Image width: 3.0 km (1.9 mi) Illumination from: lower left Season: Northern Spring
Microgravity Day for Educators
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The arnual conference for the Educator Resource Center Network (ERCN) Coordinators was held at Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field in Cleveland, Ohio. The conference included participants from NASA's Educator Resource Centers located throughout the country. The Microgravity Science Division at Glenn sponsored a Microgravity Day for all the conference participants. Twila Schneider of Infinity Technology, a NASA contractor, explains the basics of building a glovebox mockup from a copier paper box. This image is from a digital still camera; higher resolution is not available.
International Women's Day Celebrated
NSDL National Science Digital Library
With historical origins dating back to the early 20th century, International Women's Day has been officially celebrated since 1977, when the United Nations made a special declaration setting the date in early March every year. This year saw a flurry of important events around the world that coincided with March 8th, including ceremonies designed to honor women of national and international importance in many countries and a number of valuable statements made on behalf regarding the cause of gender equality. A number of prominent women also gave speeches this Monday, including Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi, who noted that "The rights of women and democracy are one and the same." A study released this past Monday by the Inter-Parliamentary Union noted that women make up a record-breaking 15.3 percent of the world's lawmakers. The country with the greatest percentage of female lawmakers is Rwanda (49 percent), followed closely by Sweden, with 45 percent. While there was much to celebrate, there were also some ominous trends noted by lawmakers and officials, including the rapid and disturbing increase of young women with HIV around the world in the past few years, a fact noted by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan during his remarks to a special UN session.The first site will take visitors to a news piece from the Baltimore Sun that contains Shirin Ebadi's remarks made on International Women's Day. The second link leads to a news piece from Al-Jazeera that discusses the rapid increase of HIV among young women, a public health issue that is becoming endemic in certain parts of the developing world. The third link leads to an article from the Cornell (University) Daily Sun that offers details on a celebration honoring women on their campus who had worked to improve the situation of women locally, nationally, and internationally. The fourth link will take visitors to the rather comprehensive website for International Women's Day 2004 created by the United Nations. The site contains information on the events sponsored by the UN and its Women Watch website, which serves as a clearinghouse for resources on gender equality and empowerment of women. The fifth link will take users to a good history of International Women's Day, created by Joyce Stevens for the Australian Women's Intra Network. The final link leads to a well-honed site developed by the World Health Organization to highlight its own work on women's health (including special sections on work in Southeast Asia) and to bring together a number of useful fact sheets and related web-based resources.
Rationalization of Comet Halley's periods
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The sense of long axis orientation of Comet Halley during the Vega 1 encounter must be reversed from that deduced by Sagdeev et al. (1986) in order to harmonize the comet nucleus' Vega/Giotto-observed orientations with periodicities extracted from time-series brightness data. It is also demonstrated that Vega/Giotto observations can be satisfied by either a 2.2- or 3.7-day long-axis free precession period. A novel Fourier algorithm is used to reanalyze five independent data sets; strong evidence is adduced for periods harmonically related to a 7.4-day period. The preferred candidate models for Halley's nuclear rotation are characterized by a long-axis precession period of 3.7 days.
Belton, Michael J. S.
Rationalization of Comet Halley's periods
The sense of long axis orientation of Comet Halley during the Vega 1 encounter must be reversed from that deduced by Sagdeev et al. (1986) in order to harmonize the comet nucleus' Vega/Giotto-observed orientations with periodicities extracted from time-series brightness data. It is also demonstrated that Vega/Giotto observations can be satisfied by either a 2.2- or 3.7-day long-axis free precession period. A novel Fourier algorithm is used to reanalyze five independent data sets; strong evidence is adduced for periods harmonically related to a 7.4-day period. The preferred candidate models for Halley's nuclear rotation are characterized by a long-axis precession period of 3.7 days. 79 refs.
Belton, M.J.S. (National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Tucson, AZ (USA))
Venus Length-of-Day Variations
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Since 2004 we have been monitoring the instantaneous spin state of Venus with the goals of measuring the precession of the rotation axis and of quantifying daily, seasonal, and secular changes in length-of-day. We use the Goldstone and Green Bank Telescopes for these observations. The spin period of Venus is thought to be set by a delicate balance between solid-body tides and atmospheric torques that must vary as insolation and orbital parameters change [Bills 2005]. Our measurements to date reveal length-of-day (LOD) variations of 50 ppm. None of the models can be reconciled with the Magellan 500-day-average spin period of 243.0185 +/- 0.0001 days [Davies et al 1992], nor with a 16-year-average estimate of 243.023 +/- 0.002 days [Mueller et al 2012], nor with any other constant spin period. With our nominal solution we can rule out a constant spin period with over 99.9% confidence. When allowances are made for uncertainties in spin axis orientation and instantaneous spin measurement epochs, the confidence is reduced but remains higher than 99%. We attribute the LOD variations primarily to angular momentum exchange between the atmosphere and solid planet. Because there are so few constraints on the internal dynamical structure of the Venusian atmosphere, a time history of atmospheric angular momentum changes can be used to address questions related to the dynamics of the atmosphere, including its super-rotation, and climatic variations.
Margot, Jean-Luc; Campbell, D. B.; Peale, S. J.; Ghigo, F. D.
Utility of surveillance blood cultures in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Background Surveillance blood cultures are often obtained in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients for detection of bloodstream infection. The major aims of this retrospective cohort study were to determine the utility of the practice of obtaining surveillance blood cultures from asymptomatic patients during the first 100 post-transplant days and to determine if obtaining more than one positive blood culture helps in the diagnosis of bloodstream infection. Methods We conducted a 17-month retrospective analysis of all blood cultures obtained for patients admitted to the hospital for HSCT from January 2010 to June 2011. Each patient�s clinical course, vital signs, diagnostic testing, treatment, and response to treatment were reviewed. The association between number of positive blood cultures and the final diagnosis was analyzed. Results Blood culture results for 205 patients were reviewed. Cultures obtained when symptoms of infection were present (clinical cultures) accounted for 1,033 culture sets, whereas 2,474 culture sets were classified as surveillance cultures (no symptoms of infection were present). The total number of positive blood cultures was 185 sets (5.3% of cultures obtained) and accounted for 84 positive culture episodes. Incidence of infection in autologous, related allogeneic and unrelated allogeneic transplants was 8.3%, 20.0%, and 28.6% respectively. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common organisms isolated. Based on our application of predefined criteria there were 29 infections and 55 episodes of positive blood cultures that were not infections. None of the patients who developed infection were diagnosed by surveillance blood cultures. None of the uninfected patients with positive blood cultures showed any clinical changes after receiving antibiotics. There was a significant difference between the incidence of BSI in the first and second 50-day periods post-HSCT. There was no association between the number of positive blood cultures and the final diagnosis. Conclusion Surveillance blood cultures in patients who have undergone HSCT do not identify bloodstream infections. The number of positive blood cultures was not helpful in determining which patients had infection. Patients are at higher risk of infection in the first 50�days post-transplant period.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
There are many ways to start the school year, but icebreakers can be very successful. They help create a comfortable, lively, and active atmosphere students will come to expect and enjoy when they enter. Don't limit yourself to using these types of activities only at the beginning of the year. Use them also to rejuvenate after a long break, after a long, difficult unit has been covered, or before beginning a new unit. Students will understand the reasons for group work, perk up when it comes time to problem solve, and be able to help each other "see" other methods or answers to problems. And, when your students go home after those first days of school, your class will be the one they talk about at the dinner table. This free chapter also includes the Table of Contents and Introduction for this book.
Swango, C. J.; Steward, Sally B.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
International Women's Day has been celebrated by the United Nation since 1975, and this fine website provides a host of information on this year's celebration for the general public. On the site, visitors can read a message from Secretary-General Kofi Annan, view a webcast of related events sponsored by the UN, and learn about the history behind this event. The site also has a link to Women Watch, which provides very comprehensive information on gender equality and the empowerment of women from around the world. Additionally, the site also has information about the review and appraisal of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action of 1995. Finally, the site has some items that will be of broad interest, such as materials on the UN Millennium development goals and materials on disaster response strategies.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The British House of Commons has recently unveiled an online database of Early Day Motions (EDM). EDMs are motions introduced by Members of Parliament (MPs) that are generally not debated but are rather used to draw attention to a particular issue or gather support for it by having other MPs add their signatures. Despite this, EDMs are often noted by the press, and some use them to interpret opinions on wider issues. Users can search the database of the 1997/9 Session by EDM number or description or browse the current list, which displays Title, Primary Sponsor, and the Number of Signatures. Parliament is currently on summer recess until October 19 (with the exception of a brief special session to introduce new security measures for Northern Ireland), but when it is in session, the database will be updated daily.
Blood culture cross contamination associated with a radiometric analyzer
During a 9-day period in August 1980 in a New Jersey hospital, three pairs of consecutively numbered blood cultures from different patients were identified as positive for the same organism, for each pair, both cultures were positive in the same atmosphere, both organisms had the same sensitivities, and the second of each pair grew at least 2 days after the first and was the only positive blood culture obtained from the patient. When the hospital laboratory discontinued use of its radiometric culture analyzer for 15 days, no more consecutive pairs of positive cultures occurred. Subsequent use of the machine for 9 days with a new power unit but the original circuit boards resulted in one more similar consecutive pair (Staphylococcus epidermidis). After replacement of the entire power unit, there were no further such pairs. Examination of the machine by the manufacturer revealed a defective circuit board which resulted in inadequate needle sterilization. Laboratories which utilize radiometric analyzers should be aware of the potential for cross contamination. Recognition of such events requires alert microbiologists and infection control practitioners and a record system in the bacteriology laboratory designed to identify such clusters.
Griffin, M.R.; Miller, A.D.; Davis, A.C.
Effect of Fibroblast Co-culture on In Vitro Maturation and Fertilization of Mouse Preantral Follicles
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate fibroblast co-culture on in vitro maturation and fertilization of prepubertal mouse preantral follicles. Materials and Methods The ovaries of 12-14 day old mice were dissected and 120-150 ?m intact preantral follicles with one or two layers of granulosa cells, and round oocytes were cultured individually in ?-minimal essential medium (?-MEM) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 mIU/ml recombinant follicle stimulating hormone, 1% insulin, transferrin, selenium mix, 100 ?g/ml penicillin and 50 ?g/ml streptomycin as base medium for 12 days. A total number of 226 follicules were cultured under two conditions: i) base medium as control group (n=113); ii) base medium co-cultured with mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) (n=113). Follicular diameters, alone, in addition to other factors were analyzed by student�s t-test and chi-square test, respectively. Results The co-culture group showed significant differences (p<0.05) in growth rate (days 4, 6 and 8 of the culture period) and survival rate. However, there was no significant difference in antrum formation, ovulation rate and embryonic development of released oocytes. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in the estradiol and progesterone secretion at all days between the co-culture and control groups. Conclusion Fibroblast co-culture increased survival rate and steroid production of preantral follicles by promoting granulosa cell proliferation.
Heidari, Mahmoud; Malekshah, Abbasali Karimpour; Parivar, Kazem; Khanbabaei, Ramezan; Rafiei, Alireza
Growth characteristics and nutrient depletion of Miscanthus � ogiformis Honda �Giganteus� suspension cultures
The growth characteristics and nutrient depletion in suspension cultures of Miscanthus � ogiformis Honda �Giganteus� grown\\u000a in media containing either Murashige and Skoog or N6 basal nutrient salts were studied during a culture period of 15 days.\\u000a Proline was added to both media in concentrations from 0 to 300 mM. The fresh and dry weights of the suspension aggregates\\u000a and
Inger Baeksted Holme
Evaluation of a partial flow-through culture technique for pearl oyster ( Pinctada margaritifera L.) larvae
This study evaluated a partial flow-through culture system for larvae of the blacklip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera, L.). Water flowed through the 500-l larval rearing tanks for 12 h day?1 and provided a 100% water exchange during this period. Larvae were prevented from leaving the culture tanks by a conical mesh screen placed over a central stand-pipe. Tanks were completely
P. C Southgate; M Ito
Day-to-day variability in ionospheric electron content at low latitudes
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Published values of ionospheric electron content (IEC) are used to study its day-to-day variability at a number of low latitude stations in Indian, American, and Pacific sectors for varying levels of solar activity. It is seen that the variability is larger at night than day, higher in winter compared with summer, and higher in low-sunspot periods than in high-sunspot periods. From a correlative study of variability in IEC with possible causative factors such as solar 10.7-cm flux, sunspot activity, magnetic activity, and electrojet strength, it is seen that the dominant factor contributing to the variability in IEC is the electrojet strength.
Aravindan, P.; Iyer, K. N.
Czech Culture in Prague: Architecture
Prague's main feature is that, out of many cultural treasures, it preserved its architectural culture and put it to practical use to present day. Particularly Prague has embraced a wealth of architectural styles from many ages. From the Romanesque, the Gothic culture of Czech's pinnacle age, Baroque, Neo Classicism, the Art Nouveau style buildings that concentrated in Prague at the
Kyuchin Kim
Induction of hairy root cultures of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and their production of azadirachtin and other important insect bioactive metabolites
Hairy root cultures were established from stem and leaf explants of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) following infection with Agrobacterium rhizogenes.Transformation was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction analysis. The cultures had a relatively fast growth rate (0.134�g dry weight�day �1) and showed a 100-fold increase in biomass over a 4-week culture period. Both the roots and cultivation medium were antifeedant
E. J. Allan; J. P. Eeswara; A. P. Jarvis; E. D. Morgan; T. Stuchbury
As travel has become easier and more affordable, the number of people traveling has risen sharply. People travel for many and varied reasons, from the business person on an overseas assignment to backpackers seeking new and exotic destinations. Others may take up residence in different regions, states or countries for family, business or political reasons. Other people are fleeing religious or political persecution. Wherever they go and for whatever reason they go, people take their culture with them. Culture, like language, is acquired innately in early childhood and is then reinforced through formal and complex informal social education into adulthood. Culture provides a framework for interpersonal and social interactions. Therefore, the contact with a new culture is often not the exciting or pleasurable experience anticipated. When immersed in a different culture, people no longer know how to act when faced with disparate value systems. Contact with the unfamiliar culture can lead to anxiety, stress, mental illness and, in extreme cases, physical illness and suicide. "Culture shock" is a term coined by the anthropologist Oberg. It is the shock of the new. It implies that the experience of the new culture is an unpleasant surprise or shock, partly because it is unexpected and partly because it can lead to a negative evaluation of one's own culture. It is also known as cross-cultural adjustment, being that period of anxiety and confusion experienced when entering a new culture. It affects people intellectually, emotionally, behaviorally and physically and is characterized by symptoms of psychological distress. Culture shock affects both adults and children. In travelers or workers who have prolonged sojourns in foreign countries, culture shock may occur not only as they enter the new culture, but also may occur on their return to their original culture. Children may also experience readjustment problems after returning from leading sheltered lives in expatriate compounds. This readjustment back to their own culture after a period of time abroad has been termed "reverse culture shock, a condition which has been studied in both corporate managers and Peace Corps volunteers. With culture shock and many other processes of psychological adjustment, people tend to suffer alone, thinking that they are the only ones not coping well with their new circumstance. The objective of this paper was to bring the phenomenon of culture shock to the awareness of travel health advisors, who can in turn advise travelers, especially longer term travelers, about having realistic expectations of their travel and life in new cultures. PMID:9772322
Stewart, L; Leggat, P A
NSDL National Science Digital Library
While the exact origins of Valentine's Day are often disputed, the link between chocolate and the modern incarnation of this particular holiday are undeniable. Recent data released in a report by the business information group Datamonitor revealed that the global consumption of chocolate totaled approximately $42.2 billion worth of chocolate-based consumable goods. It will not come as a surprise to anyone who has visited the British Isles to learn that out of the $42.2 billion, Britons spent $19.2 billion, and made almost one in three chocolate purchases, trumping all of the world's nations. The report from Datamonitor also noted that tastes in chocolate vary widely across Europe, noting that, "The French prefer simplicity and purity of taste, without additional flavors and with little sugar, while Italian tastes are geared toward the more indulgent and sophisticated end of the market." Additionally, the report also indicates that the United States continues to dominate the global chocolate confectionary market, with Americans spending $2.4 billion on boxed chocolates alone in 2001.The first link is to the recent report on global chocolate sales and consumption released by the Datamonitor group. The second link leads to a well-thought site from Exploratorium Magazine, which features interactive essays on chocolate production, the potential health benefits of chocolate, and a visit to a "chocolate party" in the heart of the Amazon. The third link will take visitors to a site that deals with the history of chocolate, beginning with the first use of chocolate (as a drink) in 750 AD. The fourth link takes visitors to a site featuring inventive and fun ways to use chocolate in recipes, such as those for chocolate banana bread and chocolate peanut butter pie. The fifth link leads to a site from ABC News.com that explores various contested origins of Valentine's Day over the past fifteen hundred years. The final link takes visitors to a piece written by Polly Curtis of The Guardian, writing on the various scientific studies that investigate various romantic activities, such as which direction do people tend to kiss or how to find the perfect partner.
Grinnell, Max
Enhanced Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Periodic Heat Shock in Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel
The mechanisms for the heat-induced osteogenesis are not completely known and the thermal regulation of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation is not well studied. In this study, the direct effects of mild heat shock (HS) on the differentiation of hMSCs into osteoblasts in self-assembling peptide hydrogel and on tissue culture plates were investigated. hMSCs isolated from human bone marrow were seeded in conventional culture plates (two-dimensional [2D] culture) and on the surface of three-dimensional (3D) PuraMatrix peptide hydrogel (3D culture), followed by 1?h HS at 41�C once a week during osteogenic differentiation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was enhanced in both 2D and 3D cultures via periodic HS at early stage of differentiation; meanwhile, HS significantly increased the calcium deposition at day 19 and 27 of differentiation in both 2D and 3D cultures. The periodic HS also upregulated osteo-specific genes, osterix (OSX) on day 11, osteopontin (OP) on day 19, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) on day 25 in 2D culture. In 3D PuraMatrix culture, the runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) was upregulated by HS on day 25 of differentiation. The heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was significantly upregulated by HS in differentiated hMSCs analyzed at 24?h after HS. These results demonstrate that HS induced an earlier differentiation of hMSCs and enhanced the maturation of osteoblasts differentiated from hMSCs. Therefore, mild HS treatment may be potentially used to enhance the bone regeneration using hMSCs. Our data will guide the design of in vivo heating protocols and enable further investigations in thermal treatments of MSC osteogenesis for bone tissue engineering.
Chen, Jing; Shi, Zhong-Dong; Ji, Xinying; Morales, Jorge; Zhang, Jingwei; Kaur, Navneet
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt Design Museum is closed for renovation until 2014. Until then, visit this website to "Discover a different object from the Museum's collection every day of the week!" Items range from a 1938 catalog of linoleum and cork flooring, The Armstrong Pattern Book, to scratch and sniff wallpaper designed by Michael Angelo and produced by Flavor Paper in 2007. Information about each object is presented blog-post style, with a short essay, images, and tags that link to related information. For example, the entry for Saturday June 22, 2013, titled Two Rooks, is about a a ceramic tile made at Rookwood Pottery in Cincinnati, Ohio between 1903 and 1913. There a short essay about the tile by Cynthia E. Smith, one of the curators, and clicking the author's name retrieves all of her posts. Other tags include the subject area Arts and Crafts, the style of the piece, and Cincinnati, where it was made. There's also a link to click through to the full collection record for the tile, with the object's location, acquisition information, and color palette.
Fine structural observations have been made in the 11-day embryonic mouse of exocrine cells in pancreatic epithelium developing in tissue culture transfilter from salivary gland mesenchyme of the 13-day embryonic mouse. After 2 days in culture, the exocrine cells show increased cytoplasmic density, abundant ribosomes in aggregate or "rosette" form, and expanded profiles of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. After 3 and 4 days in culture, the cells exhibit continued expansion of the profiles of endoplasmic reticulum, increased amounts of Golgi membranes, and large areas of light density (prozymogen granules). After 5 days in culture, dense zymogen granules are present in the most highly differentiated cells. In addition, at the filter-epithelial surface, at 2 days, small fibers can be discerned which, after 4 days in culture, show obvious periodicity and are thought to be collagen. The significance of these changes, in relation to the mesenchymal effect, to the onset of specific synthesis and to the stabilization of differentiation is discussed.
Kallman, Frances; Grobstein, Clifford
An Elementary School Day in Germany.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This lesson plan, focusing on an elementary school day in Germany, is intended for use at the elementary level (grades 2-5) and requires two 30-minute class periods for implementation. The lesson plan states objectives, addresses applicable National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) standards, lists materials required, presents a rationale,�
Fitzhugh, William P.
Cosmos: The Integrated Day Comes to College.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Four full days of classroom instruction, devoted to the modeling of effective curriculum integration, were designed for preservice elementary school teachers. The unit was the result of a conviction on the part of teacher educators that children learn best when learning is not separated into forty-minute periods of math, social studies, language�
Kutz, Ronald E.; And Others
Studies on exopolysaccharide release by diazotrophic batch cultures of Cyanospira capsulata
Diazotrophic batch cultures of Cyanospira capsulata producing large amounts of a soluble exopolysaccharide (EPS) were studied over a period of about 30 days under continuous illumination. The thickness of the capsule surrounding the trichomes remained almost the same throughout the growth phases and the EPS was continuously released into the medium at a rate which was roughly constant throughout the
Massimo Vincenzini; Roberto De Philippis; Claudio Sili; Riccardo Materassi
Pinocytotic uptake and intracellular distribution of colloidal thorium dioxide by cultured sensory neurites
Summary Sensory ganglia from 9-day chick embryos were grown on collagen coated coverslips for 36 h in the presence of nerve growth factor, producing a profuse neuritic outgrowth. The cultures were then incubated for varying periods in a colloidal suspension of thorium dioxide, and the pinocytotic uptake of this marker was followed by electron microscopy. Following brief exposures (3 min),
Peter R. Weldon
Freshness assessment of cultured sea bream ( Sparus aurata) by chemical, physical and sensory methods
The quality changes of cultured sea bream (Sparus aurata) stored in ice for a period of up to 23 days were determined by K and related values, sensory assessment and texture by texturometer. Sensory schemes, based on the Tasmanian Food Research Unit (TFRU) scheme for raw fish and on the Torry scheme for cooked fish were modified to be appropriate
C. Alasalvar; K. D. A. Taylor; A. �ks�z; T. Garthwaite; M. N. Alexis; K. Grigorakis
Suspension cultures of Rosa cv. Paul's scarlet were used as a model system to examine the metabolism of l,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB), an industrial waste compound. n a three-day period, 90% of the DNB supplied (96 nmoles) was metabolized by approximately 12 grams (fresh weight) of ce...
New Swedish Cultural Environment Protection.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Current Swedish cultural policy was laid down in 1974. It was decided that one of the aims of that policy must be to ensure that earlier periods of history would be preserved and brought to life. The Government Bill (Prop. 1987/88:104) on protection of the cultural environment is concerned with helping the general public understand that cultural�
Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs, Stockholm (Sweden).
Polyvinylalcohol three-dimensional matrices for improved long-term dynamic culture of hepatocytes.
Rat hepatocytes were seeded on three-dimensional highly porous polyvinylalcohol (PVA) and aminoethyl-modified polyvinylalcohol (AE-PVA) matrices. Hepatocytes were cultured under static and dynamic conditions. The three-dimensional matrices offered an improved extracellular microenvironment for long-term (5 days) maintenance of hepatocytes, compared to reference monolayer cultures on collagen. Cellular adhesion exceeded 80% with a viability superior to 70%. The preservation of albumin secretion after 5 days of culture was two times higher for static cultures on three-dimensional matrices (18% on PVA, 13% on AE-PVA) and three times higher for dynamic three-dimensional cultures (25% PVA and AE-PVA), compared to the static two-dimensional culture on collagen film (8%). The biotransformation of ammonia into urea was also maintained throughout the culture period. The addition of the aminoethyl function demonstrated no toxicity for the hepatocyte cultures. This function could be suitable eventually to further improve the hepatocyte culture system by linking more specific adhesion molecules on the polymer surface. This study demonstrated the efficiency of polyvinylalcohol as a three-dimensional matrix coupled to a perfusion culture system, which improves extracellular conditions for hepatocyte survival and promotes preservation of long-term hepatospecific functions. PMID:12918039
Saavedra, Yascara Grisel Luna; Mateescu, Mircea A; Averill-Bates, Diana A; Denizeau, Francine
Carbon disulphide production in laboratory cultures of marine phytoplankton
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Carbon disulphide (CS 2) data were collected from axenic monocultures of six species of marine phytoplankton. The tested species included Chaetoceros calcitrans, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Phaeocystis sp., Porphyridium purpureum, Synechococcus sp. and Isochrysis sp. For a period of between two weeks and forty days, substantial accumulation of CS 2 was found in the cultures of C. calcitrans, P. tricornutum and Phaeocystis sp., whereas the change of CS 2 concentration in the remaining cultures was insignificant. C. calcitrans had a potential for CS 2 production about 10 times higher than P. tricornutum or Phaeocystis sp. The formation of the compound was strongly dependent on the physiological state of the cultured species. More investigation is needed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the formation of this sulphur compound in these cultures.
Xie, Huixiang; Scarratt, Michael G.; Moore, Robert M.
Persistently infected cultures as a source of hepatitis A virus.
Primary African green monkey kidney, continuous African green monkey kidney cell line BS-C-1, and buffalo green monkey kidney cultures were infected with a uniform inoculum of hepatitis A virus (HAV). Although both the cell line BS-C-1 and primary African green monkey kidney cultures produced useful amounts of virus, HAV was detected earlier and in greater quantities in primary African green monkey kidney cultures. A persistently infected primary African green monkey kidney culture was developed. The influence of incubation time (4 to 40 days) and concentration (2 to 15%) of fetal calf serum in the maintenance medium on production of HAV by this culture was examined. An incubation period of 24 to 28 days was found to be optimal; reducing this period led to decreased yields of HAV. No significant difference in the amount of HAV produced was observed with differing concentrations of fetal calf serum. Three different methods of extraction and the effect of multiple extractions on the recovery of HAV from cell lysates were examined. Sonication was a critical factor. Two extractions yielded more than 90% recoverable virus. Yields in excess of 10(11) physical particles of HAV per 850-cm2 roller bottle were routine. The total yield could be increased by concentrating the HAV present in spent maintenance medium by using bentonite or organic flocculation.
Simmonds, R S; Szucs, G; Metcalf, T G; Melnick, J L
An ex vivo rodent mandible culture model for bone repair.
To understand fully cellular mechanisms during bone tissue repair and engineering, there is a need to develop reproducible three-dimensional organotypic culture models, whereby cells in their natural extracellular matrix can be manipulated. Limitations in current model systems do not allow for this integrated approach. This study aimed to develop and validate an ex vivo fractured rat mandible model, to investigate specific molecular and cellular processes involved in bone repair. Slices of mandible from 28-day-old male Wistar rats were cultured in Trowel-type cultures at the liquid-gas interface for up to 21 days. Maintenance of cell and tissue architecture and viability was shown within fractured mandible slices during all culture periods. Autoradiographic studies demonstrated that resident cells were actively synthesizing and secreting proteins, and cells of the osteoblast lineage were shown to survive throughout the culture periods. The model was responsive to exogenously added transforming growth factor-?1, with observed increases in cellular migration/proliferation and expression of bone matrix proteins. The ex vivo mandible model developed within this study may represent an ideal system for investigating specific processes of bone repair, as well as a promising alternative to in vivo testing of novel clinical therapeutics. PMID:20218818
Smith, Emma L; Locke, Matthew; Waddington, Rachel J; Sloan, Alastair J
Persistently infected cultures as a source of hepatitis A virus.
Primary African green monkey kidney, continuous African green monkey kidney cell line BS-C-1, and buffalo green monkey kidney cultures were infected with a uniform inoculum of hepatitis A virus (HAV). Although both the cell line BS-C-1 and primary African green monkey kidney cultures produced useful amounts of virus, HAV was detected earlier and in greater quantities in primary African green monkey kidney cultures. A persistently infected primary African green monkey kidney culture was developed. The influence of incubation time (4 to 40 days) and concentration (2 to 15%) of fetal calf serum in the maintenance medium on production of HAV by this culture was examined. An incubation period of 24 to 28 days was found to be optimal; reducing this period led to decreased yields of HAV. No significant difference in the amount of HAV produced was observed with differing concentrations of fetal calf serum. Three different methods of extraction and the effect of multiple extractions on the recovery of HAV from cell lysates were examined. Sonication was a critical factor. Two extractions yielded more than 90% recoverable virus. Yields in excess of 10(11) physical particles of HAV per 850-cm2 roller bottle were routine. The total yield could be increased by concentrating the HAV present in spent maintenance medium by using bentonite or organic flocculation. PMID:2988436
Simmonds, R S; Sz�cs, G; Metcalf, T G; Melnick, J L
Evaluation of apoptosis in long-term culture of vitrified mouse whole ovaries.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the development of follicles and incidence of apoptosis in vitrified neonatal mouse ovaries cultured in vitro in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). The vitrified and non-vitrified ovaries of 1-week-old mouse were cultured in the presence or absence of LIF for 7 days. At the beginning and at the end of culture period in each ovary of all groups of study the mean area and the development of ovarian follicles were analyzed; moreover, the incidence of apoptosis was assessed by transmission electron microscopy, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method, DNA laddering and caspase-3/7 activity technique. The hormonal assay was done on the conditioned media collected during culture period. The proportion of preantral follicles and the levels of hormones increased in all cultured groups and it was significantly higher in LIF treated groups than in their control (P<0.001). The ultrastructural characteristics of cell death, DNA fragmentation and TUNEL positive signals were prominent in vitrified cultured ovaries. The level of caspase-3/7 activity was higher in vitrified cultured ovaries. LIF supplementation during 7 days of culture appeared to significantly preserve cells function and increase the follicular development of both vitrified and non-vitrified ovaries. PMID:24216075
Abdi, Shabnam; Salehnia, Mojdeh; Hosseinkhani, Saman
The culture of human embryonic stem cells in microchannel perfusion bioreactors
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The culture of human Embryonic Stem (ES) cells in microchannel bioreactors can be highly beneficial for ES cell biology studies and ES tissue engineering applications. In the present study we examine the use of Human Foreskin Fibroblasts (HFF) cells as feeder cells for human ES culture in a microchannel perfusion bioreactor. PDMS microchannels (depth:130 micron) were fabricated using conventional soft-lithography techniques. The channels were sterilized, coated with a human fibronectin solution and seeded with cells. Following a period of static incubation, culture medium was perfused through the channels at various flow rates and cell growth was monitored throughout the culture process. Mass transport and fluid mechanics models were used to evaluate the culture conditions (shear stress, oxygen levels within the micro-bioreactor as a function of the medium flow rate. The conditions for successful long-term culture (>7 days) of HFF under flow were established. Experiments with human embryonic stem cells cultured in microchannels show that the conditions essential to co-culture human ES cell on HFF cells under perfusion differ from the conditions necessary for HFF cell culture. Human ES cells were found to be highly sensitive to flow and culture conditions and did not grow under flow rates which were suitable for HFF long-term culture. Successful culture of undifferentiated human ES cell colonies in a perfusion micro-bioreactor is a basic step towards utilizing microfluidic techniques to explore stem cell biology.
Korin, Natanel; Bransky, Avishay; Dinnar, Uri; Levenberg, Shulamit
Culture - bile ... is stored in a special dish (called a culture medium). The laboratory team watches to see if ... A culture does not involve the patient, so there is no pain. See also: ERCP Gallbladder surgery
The concepts of nuclear safety and security culture are well established; however, a common understanding of safeguards culture is not internationally recognized. Supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration, the authors prepared this report, an analysis of the concept of safeguards culture, and gauged its value to the safeguards community. The authors explored distinctions between safeguards culture, safeguards compliance, and safeguards performance, and evaluated synergies and differences between safeguards culture and safety/security culture. The report concludes with suggested next steps.
Frazar, Sarah L.; Mladineo, Stephen V.
Relationship of safety culture and process safety.
Throughout history, humans have gathered in groups for social, religious, and industrial purposes. As the conglomeration of people interact, a set of underlying values, beliefs, and principles begins to develop that serve to guide behavior within the group. These "guidelines" are commonly referred to as the group culture. Modern-day organizations, including corporations, have developed their own unique cultures derived from the diversity of the organizational interests and the background of the employees. Safety culture, a sub-set of organizational culture, has been a major focus in recent years. This is especially true in the chemical industry due to the series of preventable, safety-related disasters that occurred in the late seventies and eighties. Some of the most notable disasters, during this time period, occurred at Bhopal, Flixborough, and Seveso. However, current events, like the September 11th terrorist attacks and the disintegration of the Columbia shuttle, have caused an assessment of safety culture in a variety of other organizations. PMID:16314040
Olive, Claire; O'Connor, T Michael; Mannan, M Sam
Developmental Changes in Spontaneous Beating Rhythm of Cardiac Myocytes in vitro Cultured with Molecular Diffusion Culture Method
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
To understand the detailed mechanisms of arrhythmia and its treatment methods, it is required to elucidate the mechanisms of formation and debacle of cardiac beat at a microscopic level by using appropriate in vitro models of cardiac beating. In this study, we have developed a method for an medium-exchange-free culture of rat cardiac myocytes, and carried out long-term recording of electrical activity of cardiac myocytes from postnatal rat by means of microelectrode-array (MEA) and the new culture method. Figure 6 a) ? f) is a series of the properties of spontaneous beating (mean beating interval, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) of cardiac myocytes cultured by conventional culture method with alternate-day medium exchange (a ? c) or newly developed �molecular diffusion culture� method (d ? f). As shown in these figures, the difference of the beating property between the individual cultures, which is observed in conventional cultures (a) ? c)), was dramatically reduced in the molecular diffusion cultures (d) ? f)). In addition, these results also indicated that there is a transient period when all of mean beating interval, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation increase transiently before the formation of stable rhythmic fast beat.
Takeuchi, Akimasa; Ogawa, Hajime; Moriguchi, Hiroyuki; Lee, Jong-Kook; Noshiro, Makoto; Kotani, Kiyoshi; Jimbo, Yasuhiko
Annual one day maximum rainfall and two to five consecutive day's maximum rainfall corresponding to a return period of 2 to 100 years has been conducted for Accra, Ghana. Three commonly used probability distributions; normal, lognormal and gamma distribution have been tested to determine the best fit probability distribution that describes the annual one day maximum and two to five
Xeflide Seth Kwaku; Ophori Duke
The culture of care within psychiatric services: tackling inequalities and improving clinical and organisational capabilities
Introduction Cultural Consultation is a clinical process that emerged from anthropological critiques of mental healthcare. It includes attention to therapeutic communication, research observations and research methods that capture cultural practices and narratives in mental healthcare. This essay describes the work of a Cultural Consultation Service (ToCCS) that improves service user outcomes by offering cultural consultation to mental health practitioners. The setting is a psychiatric service with complex and challenging work located in an ethnically diverse inner city urban area. Following a period of 18 months of cultural consultation, we gather the dominant narratives that emerged during our evaluation of our service. Results These narratives highlight how culture is conceptualized and acted upon in the day-to-day practices of individual health and social care professionals, specialist psychiatric teams and in care systems. The findings reveal common narratives and themes about culture, ethnicity, race and their perceived place and meaningfulness in clinical care. These narratives express underlying assumptions and covert rules for managing, and sometimes negating, dilemmas and difficulties when considering �culture� in the presentation and expression of mental distress. The narratives reveal an overall �culture of understanding cultural issues� and specific �cultures of care�. These emerged as necessary foci of intervention to improve service user outcomes. Conclusion Understanding the cultures of care showed that clinical and managerial over-structuring of care prioritises organisational proficiency, but it leads to inflexibility. Consequently, the care provided is less personalised and less accommodating of cultural issues, therefore, professionals are unable to see or consider cultural influences in recovery.
Zebaa Arif reflects on changes during her career as a mental health nurse in relation to cultural care issues: Cultural awareness is becoming embedded in patient care. All aspects of care are influenced by cultural beliefs and should form part of assessment. Leadership is essential in influencing cultural care, as is organisational commitment. PMID:16262169
Arif, Zeba
National Adult Day Services Association
THE NATIONAL VOICE FOR THE ADULT DAY SERVICE COMMUNITY NADSA advances the national development, recognition and use of adult day services. They provide a coordinated program of professional and compassionate supervised services ...
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
This global movie of 70 days of Jupiter's cloud movements photographed by NASA's Cassini spacecraft shows that zones of eastward and westward winds cover the planet virtually from pole to pole.Cassini's narrow-angle camera captured the images of Jupiter's atmosphere from October 1 to December 9, 2000, in the near-infrared region of the spectrum. The view here is a cylindrical projection centered in the planet's equator.The movie allows tracking of individual storms' movements in the familiar zonal bands of the lower latitudes, in the swirling turbulence around the Great Red Spot and in the high latitudes where still images show chaotic mottling instead of stripes.Cassini collected images of Jupiter for months before and after it passed the planet on December 30, 2000. Six or more images of the planet in each of several spectral filters were taken at evenly spaced intervals over the course of Jupiter's 10-hour rotation period. The entire sequence was repeated generally every other Jupiter rotation, yielding views of every sector of the planet at least once every 20 hours.The images used for the movie shown here were taken every 20 hours through a filter centered at a wavelength of 756 nanometers, where there are almost no absorptions in the planet's atmosphere. Six images covering each rotation were mosaiced together to form a cylindrical map extending from 75 degrees north to 75 degrees south in latitude and covering 360 degrees in longitude. The movie consists of 84 such maps, spanning 70Earth days in time or 168 Jupiter rotations.For more information, see the Cassini Project home page, http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/cassini/ and the Cassini Imaging Team home page, http://ciclops.lpl.arizona.edu/ciclops/ .Cassini is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Employees at NASA's John C. Stennis Space Center visit exhibits of volunteer organizations during their observance of Martin Luther King Jr. Day with a Day of Service on Jan. 12. During the day, Mississippi and Louisiana organizations visited the center to encourage employees to register and serve as volunteers for various community activities. The day's focus was emphasized again and again - great things can happen when individuals work together toward a common goal.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Rich Delgado, commanding officer of the Fleet Survey Team located at NASA's John C. Stennis Space Center, visits with Kertrina Watson Lewis, executive director of the HandsOn volunteer organization in New Orleans, during Day of Service activities Jan. 12. The Day of Service was part of the annual Martin Luther King Jr. Day observance at Stennis. During the day, Mississippi and Louisiana organizations visited the center to encourage employees to register and serve as volunteers for various community activities.
Ion Levels and Membrane Potential in Chick Heart Tissue and Cultured Cells
Intracellular concentrations of sodium and potassium as well as resting potentials and overshoots have been determined in heart tissue from chick embryos aged 2�18 days. Intracellular potassium declined from 167 mM at day 2 to 117�119 mM at days 14�18. Intracellular sodium remained nearly constant at 30�35 mM during the same period. The mean resting potential increased from -61.8 mV at day 3 to about -80 mV at days 14�18. The mean overshoot during the same period increased from 12 to 30 mV. PNa/PK calculated from the ion data and resting potentials declined from 0.08 at day 3 to 0.01 at days 14�18. Thus, the development of embryonic chick heart during days 2�14 is characterized by a declining intracellular potassium concentration and an increasing resting potential and overshoot. Heart cells from 7- to 8-day embryos, cultured either in monolayer or reassociated into aggregates, were compared with intact tissue of the same age. The intracellular concentrations of sodium and potassium were similar in the three preparations and cultured cells responded to incubation in low potassium medium or treatment with ouabain in a manner similar to that of intact tissue. Resting potentials and overshoots were also similar in the three preparations.
McDonald, Terence F.; DeHaan, Robert L.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
A study of family day care was made in Casper, Wyoming, (1) to develop a profile of the family day care provider in Casper, (2) to determine the extent of need for family day care services, (3) to evaluate how well those needs were being met, and (4) to provide guidelines for meeting currently unmet and future needs. Data were obtained via�
Majeed, Anjum
Family Day Care Provider Handbook
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Family day care providers are responsible for creating a high-quality program where children have opportunities to grow, learn and thrive. Part of providing high-quality child care includes complying with the family day care regulations from the New York State Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS). This Handbook will help day care�
New York State Office of Children and Family Services, 2006
Preparation of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Vaccine through Electrofusion with Day-3 Dendritic Cells
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in human immune system. DC-based tumor vaccine has met with some success in specific malignancies, inclusive of breast cancer. In this study, we electrofused MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line with day-3 DCs derived from peripheral blood monocytes, and explored the biological characteristics of fusion vaccine and its anti-tumor effects in vitro. Day-3 mature DCs were generated from day-2 immature DCs by adding cocktails composed of TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6 and PEG2. Day-3 mature DCs were identified and electofused with breast cancer cells to generate fusion vaccine. Phenotype of fusion cells were identified by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometer. The fusion vaccine was evaluated for T cell proliferation, secretion of IL-12 and IFN-?, and induction of tumor-specific CTL response. Despite differences in morphology, day-3 and day-7 DC expressed similar surface markers. The secretion of IL-12 and IFN-? in fusion vaccine group was much higher than that in the control group. Compared with control group, DC-tumor fusion vaccine could better stimulate the proliferation of allogeneic T lymphocytes and kill more breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) in vitro. Day-3 DCs had the same function as the day-7 DCs, but with a shorter culture period. Our findings suggested that day-3 DCs fused with whole apoptotic breast cancer cells could elicit effective specific antitumor T cell responses in vitro and may be developed into a prospective candidate for adoptivet immunotherapy.
Li, Xi; Liu, Ruilei; Jiang, Hua; Huang, Zenan; Liu, Yu; Wu, Juekun; Huang, Yong
Day-to-day changes in ionospheric electron content at low latitudes
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
For a number of years, the ionospheric electron content (IEC) over the Indian subcontinent has been determined on the basis of the Faraday rotation of satellite radio beacon transmissions. In these determinations, use was made of the orbiting satellites BE-B and BE-C, and, for a limited period, of the geostationary satellite ATS 6. A large variability in day-to-day values of IEC was reported, and it was tried to correlate this phenomenon with magnetic activity, solar flux, or the effect of neutral winds. Tyagi (1978) observed that the day-to-day changes in IEC occur in the form of single day abnormality, and alternate day abnormality. Long-term fluctuations were found with a periodicity of about 45 days. The present investigation is concerned with a more detailed study of the observed variations. An analysis is conducted of IEC data recorded during the low phase of the solar cycle, taking into account data from six low-latitude stations covering a latitude range from approximately 15.0 deg N to 30.0 deg N.
Dabas, R. S.; Bhuyan, P. K.; Tyagi, T. R.; Bhardwaj, R. K.; Lal, J. B.
Periodicity analysis of movement recursions.
Many animals adaptively use their environments by adjusting how long and how often they use specific areas of their home range. Whereas questions about residence times have been addressed for a long time, the study of movement recursions has only recently received due interest. A key question concerns the potential periodicity of such recursions, as many potential drivers of movement behaviour such as light, climate or plant-herbivore interactions can be periodic. We propose here to build upon well-established Fourier and wavelet analyses to extract periodic patterns from time-series of presence/absence, arrival or departure from areas of interest, and introduce reliable null models for assessing the statistical significance of the periods detected. We provide an illustrative example which shows how an impala (Aepyceros melampus) expressed periodic use of the main open area of its home range. The significant periods found (12 h using arrival times; 24h, 7 days, and 30 days using presence/absence records) were consistent with a use of this area linked to predation and disturbance, as the area was used more at night, closer to dark moon, and during week-days. Our approach is a further step towards building up a wider analytical framework for the study of movement ecology. PMID:23108209
Riotte-Lambert, Louise; Benhamou, Simon; Chamaill�-Jammes, Simon
Forecasting October-November Caribbean hurricane days
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
October-November Caribbean hurricane activity can have profound impacts on the region through loss of life and devastation of property. Large-scale climate parameters associated with active late seasons in the Caribbean are investigated in this paper. Among the primary features that are noted are atmospheric and oceanic conditions typical of La Ni�a and a larger-than-normal Atlantic Warm Pool as well as reduced trade wind strength in the western tropical Atlantic. A two-predictor statistical model has been developed to forecast the number of hurricane days in the Caribbean during October-November. The first predictor is the July-September-averaged Nino 3.4 index, a measure of El Ni�o-Southern Oscillation, while the second predictor measures July-September-averaged sea surface temperatures in the western part of the tropical Atlantic extending into the Caribbean, which very closely correlates with the size of the Atlantic Warm Pool. These two predictors can hindcast approximately 58% of the variance in the number of October-November Caribbean hurricane days over the period from 1982 to 2010 when a drop-one cross validation procedure is applied. The predictors also correlate significantly with physical features in the Caribbean basin that are known to impact tropical cyclones. While these strong correlations between predictors and physical features extend back to an independent period from 1900 to 1981, the correlations between individual predictors and October-November hurricane days degrade considerably during the earlier period.
Klotzbach, Philip J.
Cultural neuroscience issues from the apparently incompatible combination of neuroscience and cultural psychology. A brief literature sampling suggests, instead, several preliminary topics that demonstrate proof of possibilities: cultural differences in both lower-level processes (e.g. perception, number representation) and higher-order processes (e.g. inferring others� emotions, contemplating the self) are beginning to shed new light on both culture and cognition. Candidates for future cultural neuroscience research include cultural variations in the default (resting) network, which may be social; regulation and inhibition of feelings, thoughts, and actions; prejudice and dehumanization; and neural signatures of fundamental warmth and competence judgments.
Ames, Daniel L.; Fiske, Susan T.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Culture Machine is a new, refereed, electronic journal encompassing cultural studies and cultural theory. The international editorial board of the interactive journal aims to "generat[e] research in culture and theory" by promoting and publishing "the most provocative of new work." The theme of the inaugural issue is Taking Risks with the Future. Content includes articles such as Life After Death of the Text by Johan Fornas, Cultural Studies in the Clouds: Mourning for Detail by Tadeusz Slawek, and The Future States of Politics by Kenneth Surin. Culture Machine is hosted by the University of Teesside, England.
Effect of Fenton reagent shock and recovery periods on anaerobic microbial community structure and degradation of chlorinated aliphatics.
This study investigates the effect of Fenton reagent on the structure and function of a microbial consortium during the anaerobic degradation of hexachloroethane (HCA) and tetrachloroethene (PCE). Anaerobic biodegradation tests of HCA and PCE were performed in batch reactors using an anaerobic microbial consortium that had been exposed to Fenton reagent for durations of 0, 0.04, and 2�days and then allowed to recover for periods of 0, 3, and 7�days. The bacterial community structure was determined using culture-independent methods of 16S rRNA gene sequencing and automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. Larger recovery periods partially restored the microbial community structure; however, the recovery periods did not restore the loss of ability to degrade HCA and PCE in cultures shocked for 0.04�days, and PCE in cultures shocked for 2�days. Overall the exposure to Fenton reagent had an impact on bacterial community structure with downstream effects on HCA and PCE degradation. This study highlights that the impacts of short- and long-term shocks on microbial community structure and function can be correlated using�a combination of biodegradation tests and community structure analysis tools. PMID:23942782
Jho, Eun Hea; Shin, Doyun; Turner, Susan J; Singhal, Naresh
Epidemiology of Viral Infections and Evaluation of the Potential Benefit of OM85 BV on the Virologie Status of Children Attending Day-Care Centers
Viral investigations were performed during 4 winter seasons (88\\/89, 89\\/90, 92\\/93, 93\\/94) in children attending day-care centers (DCCs) in the Rhone D�partement in eastern France. Over the total observation period of 4 winter seasons, 780 children were screened with a nasal swab for the presence of viruses. Of those, 230 (29.5%) had a positive viral culture. The viruses identified were
M. Aymard; J. J. Chomel; J. P. Allard; D. Thouvenot; D. Honegger; D. Floret; J.-P. Boissel; J.-P. Collet; F. D�rr; J. Gillet; N. Bossard; L. Lyon
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
To promote awareness of the Sun-Earth connection, NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, in collaboration with the Stanford SOLAR Center, sponsored a one-day Sun-Earth Day event on April 27, 2001. Although "celebrated" on only one day, teachers and students from across the nation, prepared for over a month in advance. Workshops were held in March to train teachers. Students performed experiments, results of which were shared through video clips and an internet web cast. Our poster includes highlights from student experiments (grades 2 - 12), lessons learned from the teacher workshops and the event itself, and plans for Sun-Earth Day 2002.
Adams, Mitzi L.; Mortfield, P.; Hathaway, D. H.; Whitaker, Ann F. (Technical Monitor)
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
In order to promote awareness of the Sun-Earth connection, NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, in collaboration with the Stanford SOLAR Center, sponsored a one-day Sun-Earth Day event on April 27, 2001. Although "celebrated" on only one day, teachers and students from across the nation, prepared for over a month in advance. Workshops were held in March to train teachers. Students performed experiments, results of which were shared through video clips and an internet web cast. Our poster includes highlights from student experiments (grades 2 - 12), lessons learned from the teacher workshops, and plans for Sun-Earth Day 2002.
Adams, M.; Mortfield, P.; Hathaway, D. H.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reasons for encouraging multicultural education in the public schools include building positive self concept among minority students and cultural awareness for all students. Supports the multicultural education argument with evidence relating to American Indian cultural heritage. (Author/DB)
Villegas, Gregory
... this website will be limited. Search Help? Throat Culture Share this page: Was this page helpful? Collecting | ... treatment | Getting results | see BLOOD SAMPLE Collecting A culture is a test that is often used to ...
A gastric culture is a test to examine a child's stomach contents for the bacteria that cause tuberculosis . ... This gastric culture can help diagnose lung (pulmonary) tuberculosis in children. This method is used because children cannot cough up and ...
Long term organ culture of human prostate tissue in a NASA-designed rotating wall bioreactor
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
PURPOSE: To maintain ex vivo integral prostatic tissue including intact stromal and ductal elements using the NASA-designed Rotating Wall Vessel (RWV) which maintains colocalized cells in an environment that promotes both three-dimensional cellular interactions together with the uniform mass transfer of nutrients and metabolic wastes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of normal prostate were obtained as a byproduct of transurethral prostatectomy or needle biopsy. Prostatic tissue dissected into small 1 x 1 mm. blocks was cultured in the Rotating Wall Vessel (RWV) Bioreactor for various time periods and analyzed using histological, immunochemical, and total cell RNA assays. RESULTS: We report the long term maintenance of benign explanted human prostate tissue grown in simple culture medium, under the simulated microgravity conditions afforded by the RWV bioreactor. Mesenchymal stromal elements including blood vessels and architecturally preserved tubuloglandular acini were maintained for a minimum of 28 days. Cytokeratins, vimentin and TGF-beta2 receptor and ligand were preserved through the entire culture period as revealed by immunocytochemistry. Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was continuously expressed during the culture period, although somewhat decreased. Prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and its transcript were down regulated over time of culture. Prostatic carcinoma cells from the TSU cell line were able to invade RWV-cultured benign prostate tissue explants. CONCLUSIONS: The RWV bioreactor represents an additional new technology for culturing prostate tissue for further investigations concerning the basic physiology and pathobiology of this clinically important tissue.
Margolis, L.; Hatfill, S.; Chuaqui, R.; Vocke, C.; Emmert-Buck, M.; Linehan, W. M.; Duray, P. H.
Antibiotic Prescribing Practices for Catheter Urine Culture Results
Background: The literature suggests that positive results of catheter urine cultures frequently lead to unnecessary antimicrobial prescribing, which therefore represents an important target for stewardship. Objective: To assess the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in response to the results of urine cultures from patients with indwelling urinary catheters. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care centre and involved adults with indwelling urinary catheters from whom urine specimens were obtained for culture. Patients with positive or negative culture results were identified from microbiology laboratory reports. The medical records of consecutive patients were screened to select a sample of 80 inpatients (40 per group). Abstracted patient histories were independently evaluated by an expert panel of 3 infectious diseases consultants blinded to the decisions of prescribers and of fellow panelists. The primary end point was concordance of each patient�s treatment decision (with respect to the indication) between the expert panel (based on majority agreement, i.e., at least 2 of the 3 expert panelists) and the prescriber. The secondary end points were unnecessary days of therapy and selected outcomes over a predefined period after urine was obtained for culture. Results: A total of 591 charts were screened to generate the targeted number of patients. Baseline demographic characteristics were comparable for the 2 groups, except antibiotic exposure before urine collection was significantly more frequent for the group with negative culture results. The treatment decision was concordant in 40% (16/40) of the patients with a positive culture result and 85% (34/40) of those with a negative culture result (p < 0.001). The most common reason for discordance was administration of antibiotics when not indicated (23 of 24 patients with a positive result and 5 of 6 patients with a negative result), which accounted for 165 and 32 unnecessary days of therapy per 1000 inpatient-days, respectively (p < 0.001). Adverse effects occurred in 2 of the 23 patients with a positive result who received antibiotics that were not indicated. Conclusions: Appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing, as measured by concordance of decisions between the expert panel and prescribers, was more common among patients with negative urine culture results than among those with positive results. However, there is an opportunity to improve prescribing for both groups through antimicrobial stewardship initiatives. Unnecessary days of therapy and adverse effects were more common in patients with a positive culture result.
Chiu, Jonathan; Thompson, G William; Austin, Thomas W; Hussain, Zafar; John, Michael; Bombassaro, Anne Marie; Connelly, Sarah E; Elsayed, Sameer
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Discusses the lack of literature relating to cultural differences and school library media programs and reviews the book "Beyond Culture" by Edward T. Hall. Highlights include the population/environment crisis, cultural literacy, the use of technology, and Marshall McLuhan's idea of the global village. (LRW)
Barron, Daniel D.
Culture - esophageal ... where it is placed in a special dish (culture media) and checked daily to see if any ... There is no preparation needed for a culture. For information on how to prepare for the removal of a piece of esophageal tissue, see EGD .
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cultural proficiency is defined as "the policies and practices of an organization or the values and behaviors of an individual that enable the agency or person to interact effectively in a culturally diverse environment." The diverse composition of today's classrooms demands that schools and educators be culturally proficient, yet few of them are.�
Guerra, Patricia L.; Nelson, Sarah W.
Day Care Center Enrichment Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This guide to a West Virginia Department of Welfare project for upgrading the quality of day care centers throughout the state presents samples of the forms used in the program, accompanied by a brief description of the program's format, requirements and procedures. The Day Care Center Enrichment Program provides a monetary incentive for�
West Virginia State Dept. of Welfare, Charleston.
Day Care Infection Control Protocol.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
This day care infection control manual was assembled to provide technical guidance for the prevention and control of communicable diseases to child day care facilities in Seattle and King County, Washington. For each disease, the manual provides background information, public health control recommendations, and letters that can be used to�
Seattle-King County Dept. of Public Health, Seattle, WA.
Solomon Schechter Day School. Manual.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
By 1969 32 Solomon Schechter Day Schools existed to provide students with elementary and secondary education in the context of Conservative Judaism. These day schools are designed to extend the options for religious education already available in the afternoon congregational schools operating in many synagogues. This document outlines the�
Schindler, Pesach; Siegel, Morton
A tissue culture infection test in routine rabies diagnosis.
A cell culture infection test was developed for the isolation of rabies virus from field cases submitted for rabies diagnosis. The procedure involved the addition of a suspension of suspect brain tissue to a suspension of murine neuroblastoma cells in 96-well microtiter plates. The cultures were then incubated at 35-36 degrees C for four days at which time they were fixed, stained with a fluorescein-labelled hamster antirabies antibody conjugate and examined with a fluorescence microscope. Rabies antigen in cells was readily visible as brilliant, apple-green fluorescent particles. This technique was compared with the standard mouse inoculation test and was at least as sensitive to infection with small amounts of virus, required a much shorter test period and was substantially more economical than the mouse inoculation test. The new cell culture test is now in use at this laboratory, replacing the mouse inoculation test.
Webster, W A
Development of 3-D Hydrogel Culture Systems With On-Demand Cell Separation
Recently there has been an increased interest in the effects of paracrine signaling between groups of cells, particularly in the context of better understanding how stem cells contribute to tissue repair. Most current 3-D co-culture methods lack the ability to effectively separate 2 cell populations after the culture period, which is important for simultaneously analyzing the reciprocal effects of each cell type on the other. Here, we detail the development of a 3-D hydrogel co-culture system that allows us to culture different cell types for up to 7 days and subsequently separate and isolate the different cell populations using enzyme-sensitive glues. Separable 3-D co-culture laminates were prepared by laminating PEG-based hydrogels with enzyme-degradable hydrogel adhesives. Encapsulated cell populations exhibited good segregation with well-defined interfaces. Furthermore, constructs can be separated on-demand upon addition of the appropriate enzyme and cell viability remains high throughout the culture period, even after laminate separation. This platform offers great potential for a variety of basic cell signaling studies as the incorporation of an enzyme-sensitive adhesive interface allows the on-demand separation of individual cell populations for immediate analysis or further culture to examine persistence of co-culture effects and paracrine signaling on cell populations.
Hamilton, Sharon K.; Bloodworth, Nathaniel C.; Massad, Christopher S.; Hammoudi, Taymour M.; Suri, Shalu; Yang, Peter J.; Lu, Hang; Temenoff, Johnna S.
Development of 3D hydrogel culture systems with on-demand cell separation.
Recently there has been an increased interest in the effects of paracrine signaling between groups of cells, particularly in the context of better understanding how stem cells contribute to tissue repair. Most current 3D co-culture methods lack the ability to effectively separate two cell populations after the culture period, which is important for simultaneously analyzing the reciprocal effects of each cell type on the other. Here, we detail the development of a 3D hydrogel co-culture system that allows us to culture different cell types for up to 7 days and subsequently separate and isolate the different cell populations using enzyme-sensitive glues. Separable 3D co-culture laminates were prepared by laminating PEG-based hydrogels with enzyme-degradable hydrogel adhesives. Encapsulated cell populations exhibited good segregation with well-defined interfaces. Furthermore, constructs can be separated on-demand upon addition of the appropriate enzyme, while cell viability remains high throughout the culture period, even after laminate separation. This platform offers great potential for a variety of basic cell signaling studies as the incorporation of an enzyme-sensitive adhesive interface allows the on-demand separation of individual cell populations for immediate analysis or further culture to examine persistence of co-culture effects and paracrine signaling on cell populations. PMID:23447378
Hamilton, Sharon K; Bloodworth, Nathaniel C; Massad, Christopher S; Hammoudi, Taymour M; Suri, Shalu; Yang, Peter J; Lu, Hang; Temenoff, Johnna S
Carbonyl compounds in the ambient air of hazy days and clear days in Guangzhou, China
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Carbonyl compounds were measured in ambient air of Guangzhou in both hazy and clear days. Air samples were collected in two separate terms, 17-19th of November (the clear period) and 30th of November to 2nd of December 2005 (the hazy period). The total concentrations of carbonyls detected varied from 48.4 to 121.4 �g m - 3 (with a mean of 92.0 �g m - 3 ) in the hazy days and from 21.6 to 45.7 �g m - 3 (with a mean of 32.6 �g m - 3 ) in the clear days. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were the most abundant carbonyl species in both haze and clear days, while the relative sum of these three compounds in the clear days contributed more than that in the hazy days to the total concentrations of carbonyls (66.0-72.8% vs 42.9-60.5%). The average concentration ratios of formaldehyde/acetaldehyde (C 1/C 2) were fairly constant between the haze and clear days (0.87 vs 0.84, (�g m - 3 )/(�g m - 3 ); 1.28 vs 1.23, ppbv/ppbv), whereas those of acetaldehyde/propionaldehyde (C 2/C 3) showed large variations (ranging from 5.93 to 13.0, (�g m - 3 )/(�g m - 3 ); from 7.82 to 18.3, ppbv/ppbv). The results of correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated that vehicular exhaust might be the major source of carbonyls in the ambient air, with the biogenic emission as the potential source of some high molecular weight carbonyls. Moreover, biomass burning and accumulation of carbonyls might make significant contribution to the enhancement of carbonyls in the hazy days.
L�, Huixiong; Cai, Quan-Ying; Wen, Sheng; Chi, Yuguang; Guo, Songjun; Sheng, Guoying; Fu, Jiamo; Antizar-Ladislao, Blanca
Warm up Winter with Special Days.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fourteen examples are given of teacher-created day-long celebrations which are designed to sharpen students' thinking skills and incorporate math, science, reading, and language arts. The special days include Janus Day, Twins Day, Friendship Day, Interactive Reading Fair, Sixties Day, Clash Day, Generation Day, and Back-to-the-Future Day. (IAH)
Spann, Mary Beth
Clinical profile of bronchiolitis in infants younger than 90 days in Saudi Arabia
Background: Bronchiolitis is a self-limiting disease of children caused by viral infections of the small airways with a wide spectrum of illness severity. Search of the literature reveals a need for refinement of criteria for testing for concomitant severe bacterial infections as well as appropriate therapeutic interventions for patients <90-day-old diagnosed with clinical bronchiolitis. We believe that a better understanding of the disease spectrum will help optimize health-care delivery to these patients. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical profile at presentation, disease course and outcome of bronchiolitis in <3-month-old infants who presented to our Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) during one disease season. Settings: Retrospective chart review during one bronchiolitis season, from November 1, 2011 to April 20, 2012. Subjects: All <90-day-old infants presenting with clinical bronchiolitis presenting to Urban PED of a tertiary care university hospital during one bronchiolitis season. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review based on computer records of all emergency department visits of infants less than 90 days with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis, covering the period between November 1, 2011 and April 30, 2012. Results: Out of the total of 1895 infants <90 days of age, 141 had a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis and 35 needed admission to hospital. Blood for culture was obtained from 47 infants, urine for culture was obtained from 46 infants and cerebrospinal fluid for culture was obtained from eight infants. One case of bacteremia was documented, but this was found to be a contaminant. No cases of meningitis occurred among these infants. However, one infant had a positive urine culture consistent with infection (Escherichia coli). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be conclude that the risk of bacteremia or meningitis among infants <90 days of age with fever and bronchiolitis is low. The risk of urinary tract infection in this age group is also low, but it is higher than the risk for meningitis or bacteremia. Our data for admission and treatment guidelines are similar to those published from other countries.
Ahmad, Syed Amir; Mujawar, Quais; Al Othman, Mohammed; Salleh, Hashim Bin; Alsarfandi, Mahmoud Abdelhadi
Puerto Rico Time-of-Day Rates Demonstration. Final Report.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The Puerto Rico Time of Day (TOD) electric rate demonstration project consists of three distinct studies: (A) Low usage customers (less than or equal to425 kWh per 30 consecutive days) are compared for a 12 hours peak period rate, against a control group ...
A travelling quasi 2-day wave in the meteor region
Oscillations in the meteor wind with periods of about 2 days during the summer are explained as the effects of traveling planetary-scale waves. Spaced station observations indicate that the waves are traveling westward with a zonal number three. A possible connection with the quasi 5-day wave is suggested.
H. G. Muller; L. Nelson
Effects of some parameters in upscale culture of Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow.
Growth rate and medium parameters between two bench scale volumes (13-L and 250-L) were compared. Experiments were maintained batch mode and culture parameters were periodically measured during a 13-day period. Culture growth during the cultivation of algae Haematococcus pluvialis was determined qualitatively by cell counting, optical density, dry weight, ash content, amount of chlorophyll-a, total organic carbon content and by direct measuring of medium nutrients and some abiotic aspects. Vegetative cell growth was higher when cultured in 13-L with 1.33 x 10(5) cells.mL(-1) on the 12th day than when cultured in 250-L. Significant difference (p < 0.05) in the biology and water culture of H. pluvialis, with the exception of dry weight, ash, nitrite and ammonia, was reported between the volumes. Data obtained in current study for the upscale culture maintenance of H. pluvialis in laboratory conditions shows that it should be undertaken in a 13-L volume due to a greater time span of cells in a vegetative state, greater cell density, lipids and chlorophyll-a contents. Light was of paramount importance on the direct performance of H. pluvialis on the algal biological conditions. PMID:24212699
Sipa�ba-Tavares, L H; Millan, R N; Berchielli-Morais, F A
Culture pervades human lives and has allowed our species to create niches all around the world and its oceans, in ways quite unlike any other primate. Indeed, our cultural nature appears so distinctive that it is often thought to separate humanity from the rest of nature and the Darwinian forces that shape it. A contrary view arises through the recent discoveries of a diverse range of disciplines, here brought together to illustrate the scope of a burgeoning field of cultural evolution and to facilitate cross-disciplinary fertilization. Each approach emphasizes important linkages between culture and evolutionary biology rather than quarantining one from the other. Recent studies reveal that processes important in cultural transmission are more widespread and significant across the animal kingdom than earlier recognized, with important implications for evolutionary theory. Recent archaeological discoveries have pushed back the origins of human culture to much more ancient times than traditionally thought. These developments suggest previously unidentified continuities between animal and human culture. A third new array of discoveries concerns the later diversification of human cultures, where the operations of Darwinian-like processes are identified, in part, through scientific methods borrowed from biology. Finally, surprising discoveries have been made about the imprint of cultural evolution in the predispositions of human minds for cultural transmission.
Whiten, Andrew; Hinde, Robert A.; Laland, Kevin N.; Stringer, Christopher B.
Expert-reviewed information summary about care during the last days to last hours of life, including common symptoms, ethical dilemmas that may arise, and the role of the oncologist in caring for patients and their families during this time.
Earth Day Illustrated Haiku Contest
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
As part of their 2007 Chemists Celebrate Earth Day Celebration, the American Chemical Society is sponsoring an illustrated haiku contest for students in grades K 12 around the theme, Recycling�Chemistry Can!
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Refine the Results Biosphere 2 matches Climate 2 matches Earth surface 1 match Ocean 4 matches Solid Earth 2 matches Results 1 - 10 of 11 matches Question of the Day: Efficiency of Food Production part of Question ...
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The school field trip, once a supporting player in a well-rounded education, is slowly becoming endangered. Widespread budget cuts have made happily anticipated class trips to museums, zoos, and other cultural destinations increasingly scarce. A librarian may be able to rescue the field trip from extinction by transforming the school building into�
Hubel, Joy Alter
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this last day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown preparing the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2) and the shuttle for return to Earth. There is footage of the shuttle from the robot arm cameras and of Earth. Earth views include cloud cover, various land masses, mountain ranges, and oceans.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this thirteenth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown included the Drop Physics Module (DPM) experiment, human physiological experiments, and a Crystal Gel experiment.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Each day a different image or photograph of a celestial object is featured. Pictures are selected for their particular beauty or astronomical interest, and each one is accompanied by a brief caption written by a professional astronomer. Links to additional information are embedded in the text of the caption. Previous pictures of the day are archived in reverse chronological order dating back to June 1995.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
THE FOLLOWING IS THE FULL TEXT OF THIS DOCUMENT: Last year, the Bruce Trail Association held its first annual Go-To-Blazes Day in which a record number of volunteers gave the 700 kilometres of Trail from Queenston to Tobermory a spring-cleaning. One key section of Trail near Dyer's Bay had been closed for over a year. On this day, over four miles�
McLean, Ross
Specimen Sample Preservation for Cell and Tissue Cultures
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The era of the International Space Station with its longer duration missions will pose unique challenges to microgravity life sciences research. The Space Station Biological Research Project (SSBRP) is responsible for addressing these challenges and defining the science requirements necessary to conduct life science research on-board the International Space Station. Space Station will support a wide range of cell and tissue culture experiments for durations of 1 to 30 days. Space Shuttle flights to bring experimental samples back to Earth for analyses will only occur every 90 days. Therefore, samples may have to be retained for periods up to 60 days. This presents a new challenge in fresh specimen sample storage for cell biology. Fresh specimen samples are defined as samples that are preserved by means other than fixation and cryopreservation. The challenge of long-term storage of fresh specimen samples includes the need to suspend or inhibit proliferation and metabolism pending return to Earth-based laboratories. With this challenge being unique to space research, there have not been any ground based studies performed to address this issue. It was decided hy SSBRP that experiment support studies to address the following issues were needed: Fixative Solution Management; Media Storage Conditions; Fresh Specimen Sample Storage of Mammalian Cell/Tissue Cultures; Fresh Specimen Sample Storage of Plant Cell/Tissue Cultures; Fresh Specimen Sample Storage of Aquatic Cell/Tissue Cultures; and Fresh Specimen Sample Storage of Microbial Cell/Tissue Cultures. The objective of these studies was to derive a set of conditions and recommendations that can be used in a long duration microgravity environment such as Space Station that will permit extended storage of cell and tissue culture specimens in a state consistent with zero or minimal growth, while at the same time maintaining their stability and viability.
Meeker, Gabrielle; Ronzana, Karolyn; Schibner, Karen; Evans, Robert
Calculation of day and night emittance values
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
In July 1983, the Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) was flown over Death Valley, California on both a midday and predawn flight within a two-day period. The availability of calibrated digital data permitted the calculation of day and night surface temperature and surface spectral emittance. Image processing of the data included panorama correction and calibration to radiance using the on-board black bodies and the measured spectral response of each channel. Scene-dependent isolated-point noise due to bit drops, was located by its relatively discontinuous values and replaced by the average of the surrounding data values. A method was developed in order to separate the spectral and temperature information contained in the TIMS data. Night and day data sets were processed. The TIMS is unique in allowing collection of both spectral emittance and thermal information in digital format with the same airborne scanner. For the first time it was possible to produce day and night emittance images of the same area, coregistered. These data add to an understanding of the physical basis for the discrimination of difference in surface materials afforded by TIMS.
Kahle, Anne B.
Southam, Chester M. (Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, N.Y.), Frederick H. Shipkey, Virginia I. Babcock Roller Bailey, and Robert A. Erlandson. Virus biographies. I. Growth of West Nile and Guaroa viruses in tissue culture. J. Bacteriol. 88:187-199. 1964.-Monolayer tissue cultures of HEp 2 cells (human epidermoid carcinoma) were inoculated with Guaroa or West Nile viruses. At daily intervals for 4 days thereafter, these cultures were studied by (i) light microscopy of living cultures and stained cultures, (ii) intracerebral inoculation of mice to titrate infectivity, (iii) acridine orange stain to observe nucleic acid changes, (iv) fluorescein-labeled antibody technique to observe specific viral antigen, and (v) electron microscopy to observe virus particles. Guaroa virus infectivity increased progressively over the 4-day period, and caused definite cytolysis by day 3. Cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid (RNA) staining was increased by 24 hr, and by 48 hr the RNA formed globular masses, particularly in degenerating cells. Viral antigen was occasionally seen on day 1, and increased progressively thereafter, forming numerous sharply outlined particles in cytoplasm concentrated at the cell membrane. Virus particles were ellipsoids with a dense nucleoid and a single membrane approximately 70 by 90 mmu, which appeared to form at the cell membrane just before being discharged. West Nile virus infectivity increased sharply between 1 and 2 days, but caused little cytolysis even by 4 days. Cytoplasmic RNA staining increased progressively for the 4 days, usually forming a large juxtanuclear mass in each affected cell. Viral antigen was not detected on day 1, but increased progressively thereafter, forming a crescent or a single diffuse mass adjacent to the nucleus. Virus particles were spheres approximately 30 mmu in diameter, with a dense nucleoid and a single membrane. They appeared to form in granular foci in the cytoplasm and then to fill the channels of the endoplasmic reticulum. No significant nuclear changes were observed with either virus by any of these techniques. PMID:14197886
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The Demos organization in London is a think-tank that produces compelling reports on everything from public space to government spending. This report from October 2010 is by Samuel Jones, and he explores the relationship between the British government and culture and sport. His basic question is: "Why should the state get involved in culture, and if it should, how?" The 154-page report is divided into sections such as "Society and the cultural realm", "Taking the cultural pulse of a nation", and "Evidence of Potential". It's an interesting read, and the paper argues that "cultural policy must focus on the equitable distribution of individuals' cultural capabilities, indicating that this will require thinking anew about what form the structures take, and how they are run."
Jones, Samuel
Mucosal culture; Culture - skin; Culture - mucosal; Nail culture; Culture - fingernail; Fingernail culture ... to three weeks to get results for a nail culture. Further tests can be done to identify ...
The role of insulin, glucagon, dexamethasone, and leptin in the regulation of ketogenesis and glycogen storage in primary cultures of porcine hepatocytes prepared from 60 kg pigs
A study was conducted to elucidate hormonal control of ketogenesis and glycogen deposition in primary cultures of porcine hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated from pigs (54�68kg) by collagenase perfusion and seeded into collagen-coated T-25 flasks. Monolayers were established in medium containing fetal bovine serum for 1 day and switched to a serum-free medium for the remainder of the culture period. Hepatocytes
I Fern�ndez-F??gares; A. E Shannon; D Wray-Cahen; T. J Caperna
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This article, succinctly written by the late Charles Hogue, was taken, with permission, from the 1987 Annual Review of Entomology. It provides an excellent explanation of cultural entomology, along with examples of the influence insects have had on art, folklore, history, literature and language, the performing arts, philosophy, religion, and other areas of culture from around the world. To delve more deeply into cultural entomology, the original 1987 article should be consulted for a listing of many specific references to the subject.
Earth rotation and GNSS orbits from one-day and three-day arcs
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) is one of the analysis centers of the International GNSS Service (IGS). It is estimating satellite orbits and consistent sets of Earth rotation parameters (ERPs) for the final, rapid, and ultra-rapid product lines of the IGS. The solutions are derived from a combined multi-system (GPS and GLONASS) analysis of the GNSS tracking data. Since September 2012 two series of final solutions are operationally generated and submitted to the IGS: the first is based on the observations from exactly one day (requirement of the IGS) and the second stacks the one-day normal equations of three consecutive days to get orbital arcs and piecewise linear Earth rotation parameters which are continuous at the boundaries of the middle day. The same two solution types were produced for the second reprocessing campaign of the IGS (covering the interval from 1994 to the end of 2013; GLONASS starts in 2002). The estimation of the polar motion rates reveals serious deficiencies in the case of the one-day solutions (probably due to interferences with the sub-daily ERPs). Suspicious signatures in the time series of the estimated parameters not visible in the three-day solutions are systematically disturbing the results of the one-day solutions. Artifacts with periods typical for the GLONASS constellation are clearly visible in the one-day solutions, but to a much lesser extent in the three-day solutions. This becomes even more evident in an alternative series generated as consistent (even regarding the station selection) GPS- and GLONASS-only products over four years (2007-2011).
Lutz, Simon; Schaer, Stefan; Dach, Rolf; Beutler, Gerhard; Steigenberger, Peter; Meindl, Michael; J�ggi, Adrian
Changes in antigenic profile during culture of Neoparamoeba sp., causative agent of amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon.
Amoebic gill disease (AGD), the most serious infectious disease affecting farmed salmon in Tasmania, is caused by free-living marine amoeba Neoparamoeba sp. The parasites on the gills induce proliferation of epithelial cells initiating a hyperplastic response and reducing the surface area available for gaseous exchange. AGD can be induced in salmon by exposure to freshly isolated Neoparamoeba from AGD infected fish, however cultured Neoparamoeba are non-infective. We describe here antigenic differences between freshly isolated and in vitro cultured parasites, and within individual isolates of the parasite cultured under different conditions. Immunoblot analysis using polyclonal antisera, revealed differences in the antigen profiles of two cultured isolates of Neoparamoeba sp. when they were grown on agar versus in liquid medium. However, the antigen profiles of the two isolates were very similar when they were grown under the same culture conditions. Comparison of these antigen profiles with a preparation from parasites freshly isolated from infected gills revealed a very limited number of shared antigens. In addition monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against surface antigens of cultured parasites were used in an indirect immunofluorescence assay to assess the expression of specific surface antigens of Neoparamoeba sp. after various periods in culture. Significant changes in antigen expression of freshly isolated parasites were observed after 15 days of in vitro culture. The use of mAb demonstrated progressive exposure/expression of individual antigens on the surface of the freshly isolated parasites during the period in culture. PMID:16102771
Villavedra, Margarita; McCarthy, Kristy; To, Joyce; Morrison, Richard; Crosbie, Philip; Broady, Kevin; Raison, Robert L
Cell isolation and culture are essential tools for the study of cell function. Isolated cells grown under controlled conditions can be manipulated and imaged at a level of resolution that is not possible in whole animals or even tissue explants. Recent advances have allowed for large-scale isolation and culture of primary C. elegans cells from both embryos and all four larval stages. Isolated cells can be used for single-cell profiling, electrophysiology, and high-resolution microscopy to assay cell autonomous development and behavior. This chapter describes protocols for the isolation and culture of C. elegans embryonic and larval stage cells. Our protocols describe isolation of embryonic and L1 stage cells from nematodes grown on high-density NA22 bacterial plates and isolation of L2 through L4 stage cells from nematodes grown in axenic liquid culture. Both embryonic and larval cells can be isolated from nematode populations within 3 hours and can be cultured for several days. A primer on sterile cell culture techniques is given in the appendices. PMID:23430760
Zhang, Sihui; Kuhn, Jeffrey R
Today, a great challenge of our profession is to envision how we will deliver exemplary neurosurgical care in the future. To accomplish this requires anticipating how economic, political, and societal influences will affect our ability to provide the highest quality of patient care in an arena that will look increasingly different from today's world of medicine. Already, our profession is battling a relentless assault as numerous sectors implement change that impacts us and our community every day. Surviving this requires an effective strategy that will involve significant cultural change. To accomplish this, neurosurgery must take an honest look inward and then commit to being the agents of positive cultural change. Such a path will not be easy but should reap important benefits for all of neurosurgery and our patients. Several practical and proven strategies can help us to realize the rewards of changing our culture. Vital to this process is understanding that effecting behavioral change will increase the likelihood of achieving sustainable cultural change. Innovation and diversity are crucial to encourage and reward when trying to effect meaningful cultural change, while appreciating the power of a "Tipping Point" strategy will also reap significant benefits. As a profession, if we adopt these strategies and tactics we can lead our profession to proceed in improvement, and as individuals we can use the spirit that drove us into neurosurgery to become the agents of an enduring and meaningful cultural change that will benefit our patients and us. PMID:24559225
Benzil, Deborah L
Holy Day or Graduation Day in Fairfax County.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Discusses court cases which involved the First Amendment rights of two Jewish high school seniors. Presents the arguments between the seniors and their school board to have graduation day changed from the Jewish Sabbath so the seniors could participate in both events. (MK)
Hentoff, Nat
STS-92 Flight Day Highlights and Crew Activities: Day 9
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this ninth day of the STS-92 mission, the flight crew, Commander Brian Duffy, Pilot Pamela A. Melroy, and Mission Specialists Koichi Wakata, Leroy Chiao, Peter J.K. Wisoff, Michael E. Lopez-Alegria, and William S. McArthur participate in an audio interview while scenes are shown of the International Space Station (ISS) and the Earth.
The Incubation Periods of Dengue Viruses
Dengue viruses are major contributors to illness and death globally. Here we analyze the extrinsic and intrinsic incubation periods (EIP and IIP), in the mosquito and human, respectively. We identified 146 EIP observations from 8 studies and 204 IIP observations from 35 studies. These data were fitted with censored Bayesian time-to-event models. The best-fitting temperature-dependent EIP model estimated that 95% of EIPs are between 5 and 33 days at 25�C, and 2 and 15 days at 30�C, with means of 15 and 6.5 days, respectively. The mean IIP estimate was 5.9 days, with 95% expected between days 3 and 10. Differences between serotypes were not identified for either incubation period. These incubation period models should be useful in clinical diagnosis, outbreak investigation, prevention and control efforts, and mathematical modeling of dengue virus transmission.
Chan, Miranda; Johansson, Michael A.
What is the incubation period for listeriosis?
Background Listeriosis is a foodborne infection with a low incidence but a high case fatality rate. Unlike common foodborne diseases, the incubation period can be long. The first incubation periods were documented during a large listeriosis outbreak published in 1987 by Linnan and al. in the New England Journal of Medicine (range: 3 days to 70 days). Data on the incubation period of listeriosis are scarce. Our study aim was to estimate precisely the incubation period of listeriosis using available data since 1987. Methods We estimated the incubation period of listeriosis using available published data and data from outbreak investigations carried out by the French National Institute for Public Health Surveillance. We selected cases with an incubation period calculated when a patient had a single exposure to a confirmed food source contaminated by Listeria monocytogenes. Results We identified 37 cases of invasive listeriosis (10 cases with central nervous system involvement (CNS cases), 15 bacteraemia cases and 12 pregnancy-associated cases) and 9 outbreaks with gastroenteritis. The overall median incubation period of invasive listeriosis was 8 days (range: 1�67 days) and differed significantly by clinical form of the disease (p<0.0001). A longer incubation period was observed for pregnancy-associated cases (median: 27.5 days; range: 17�67 days) than for CNS cases (median: 9 days; range: 1�14 days) and for bacteraemia cases (median: 2 days; range: 1�12 days). For gastroenteritis cases, the median incubation period was 24 hours with variation from 6 to 240 hours. Conclusions This information has implications for the investigation of food borne listeriosis outbreaks as the incubation period is used to determine the time period for which a food history is collected. We believe that, for listeriosis outbreaks, adapting the exposure window for documenting patients� food histories in accordance with the clinical form of infection will facilitate the identification of food products as the source of contamination. We therefore propose to take an exposure window of 14 days before the diagnosis for CNS and bacteraemia cases, and of 6 weeks before the diagnosis, for pregnancy-associated cases.
National Election Day Exit Poll
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Full dataset, in pdf, SPSS, or ASCII file, giving the results from two 2008 election polls, one an exit poll, one a telephone survey conducted in final weeks before the election. Data are for the respondents choice for president as well as a host of issue-based and ethno-cultural questions that might determine voting behavior. The relationships in the dataset could be examined for education or professional research purposes.
Connecticut, Roper C.
Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis Analysis of Nasopharyngeal Flora in Children Attending a Day Care Center
To investigate how bacterial pathogens spread from child to child in a day care center, we monitored six children, two boys and four girls, born between August 1995 and November 1997, attending a day care center and analyzed nasopharyngeal samples from them using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). We obtained nasopharyngeal cultures from all of the affected children and almost all of the unaffected children between September 1998 and March 1999 after some children presented simultaneously with purulent rhinorrhea. Moreover, when a child was found to have acute otitis media, nasopharyngeal secretions from the child were independently cultured during treatment. During this period, 28 isolates of Moraxella catarrhalis, 13 of Streptococcus pneumoniae, and 4 of Haemophilus influenzae were recovered. PFGE gave 8 patterns for M. catarrhalis, 10 for S. pneumoniae, and 1 for H. influenzae. PFGE patterns demonstrated spread of M. catarrhalis between children. However, each occurrence of clusters of infection with M. catarrhalis lasted 2 to 6 weeks, with a change in PFGE pattern between occurrences of clusters. The M. catarrhalis strain infecting each child also changed. Similarly, the S. pneumoniae strain in each child also changed. In contrast, infection with H. influenzae persisted for about 3 months in an affected child.
Yano, Hisakazu; Suetake, Mitsuko; Kuga, Akio; Irinoda, Kazuhiko; Okamoto, Ryoichi; Kobayashi, Toshimitsu; Inoue, Matsuhisa
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this seventh day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown included the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE), the Drop Physics Module (DPM), the Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment, and the Glovebox (GBX) demonstration. All the experiments were monitored by the High-Packed Digital Television (HI-PAC) system onboard the shuttle.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this tenth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown include the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE), the Drop Physics Module (DPM) experiment, and the Geophysical Fluid Flow Cell Experiment (GFFC). All experiment imagery was downlinked from the shuttle to Mission Control using the High-Packed Digital Television (HI-PAC) system.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this eleventh day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown included the Drop Physics Module (DPM) and the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE). Thermistors are used in the STDCE to study the fluid dynamics behind particle motion.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this ninth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown include the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE) and the Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment with different types of solution mixtures used. The imagery of the experiments inside the Spacelab were downlinked to Mission Control with the High-Packed Digital Television (HI-PAC) system.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On the second day of the STS-74 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Kenneth Cameron, Pilot James Halsell, and Mission Specialists William McArthur, Jerry Ross, and Chris Hatfield, were awakened to music from the play 'The Nutcracker'. The astronauts hosted an in-orbit interview with Canadian reporters and journalists from Toronto, answering general questions about living in space and space flight, and explaining the delicate maneuvers that the shuttle will have to perform for the Mir docking procedures scheduled for the next day. Due to the awkward angle that the shuttle will use to approach the Mir, the docking procedure will be done in an almost blind state.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this fourth day of the STS-74 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Kenneth Cameron, Pilot James Halsell, and Mission Specialists William McArthur, Jerry Ross, and Chris Hatfield, perform a successful docking between the space shuttle and the Mir space station using the Russian-made docking module that had been previously installed on the third day of the mission. The astronauts and the Mir 20 cosmonauts, Cmdr. Yuri Gidzenko, Flight Engineer Gergei Avdeyev, and Cosmonaut-Researcher (ESA) Thomas Reiter, are shown greeting each other from inside the docking module and an in-orbit interview between the crews and NASA is conducted in both English and Russian.
The concept of organizational culture has received increasing attention in recent years both from academics and practitioners. This article presents the author�s view of how culture should be defined and analyzed if it is to be of use in the field of organizational psychology. Other concepts are reviewed, a brief history is provided, and case materials are presented to illustrate
Edgar H. Schein
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The Ryukyu Islands of Japan, of which Okinawa is the best known, possess a lengthy history and a sophisticated cultural background, an exploration of which helps to shed light on this area and on mainland Japan. This document is an exposition of Ryukuan culture. Divided into eight sections, the areas covered include: (1) Historical perspective;�
Trafton, Terry
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Provides information on state trees for each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Includes for each state: (1) year in which state tree was chosen; (2) common and scientific names of the tree; (3) arbor day observance; (4) address of state forester; and (5) drawings of the tree, leaf, and fruit or cone. (JN)
Forest Service (USDA), Washington, DC.
Infant Nurseries and Day Care.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
In four brief pamphlets, background information concerning aspects of the provision of day care services for infants and young children is directed to (1) policy makers, (2) mass media specialists, (3) academic level workers and professionals, and (4) nurses, midwives, social workers, teachers, and parents. Topics discussed include child�
International Children's Centre, Paris (France).
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Soon after election day, the columnist Nicholas D. Kristof wrote in "The New York Times" that the "second most remarkable thing" about the election was that "American voters have just picked a president who is an open, out-of-the-closet, practicing intellectual." Surely, one of the secrets of President Obama's rhetorical power is his ability to�
Delbanco, Andrew
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Add song and dance to your mathematics lessons with this exercise, in which students discover the various covert mathematical relations hidden in the lyrics to the song �The Twelve Days of Christmas.� In addition to the specific song-related questions, the activity provides guidance for instructors to create similar projects with other songs.
Brown, Judy A.
Borexino is a large-volume liquid scintillator detector placed in the underground halls of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. After several years of construction, data taking started in May 2007, providing immediately incontrovertible evidence of the unprecedented radiopurity of the target mass. Here we report on the newest Borexino results obtained with about 200 days of data. Borexino
L. Ludhova; G. Bellini; J. Benziger; S. Bonetti; M. Buizza Avanzini; B. Caccianiga; L. Cadonati; F. Calaprice; C. Carraro; A. Chavarria; F. Dalnoki-Veress; D. D'Angelo; H. de Kerret; A. Derbin; A. Etenko; K. Fomenko; D. Franco; C. Galbiati; S. Gazzana; M. Giammarchi; M. Goeger-Neff; A. Goretti; C. Grieb; S. Hardy; Aldo Ianni; Andrea Ianni; M. Joyce; V. Kobychev; G. Korga; D. Kryn; M. Laubenstein; M. Leung; T. Lewke; E. Litvinovich; B. Loer; P. Lombardi; I. Machulin; S. Manecki; W. Maneschg; G. Manuzio; F. Masetti; K. McCarty; Q. Meindl; E. Meroni; L. Miramonti; M. Misiaszek; D. Montanari; V. Muratova; L. Oberauer; M. Obolensky; F. Ortica; M. Pallavicini; L. Papp; L. Perasso; S. Perasso; A. Pocar; R. S. Raghavan; G. Ranucci; A. Razeto; P. Risso; A. Romani; D. Rountree; A. Sabelnikov; R. Saldanha; C. Salvo; S. Schonert; H. Simgen; M. Skorokhvatov; O. Smirnov; A. Sotnikov; S. Sukhotin; Y. Suvorov; R. Tartaglia; G. Testera; D. Vignaud; R. B. Vogelaar; F. von Feilitzsch; M. Wojcik; M. Wurm; O. Zaimidoroga; S. Zavatarelli; G. Zuzel
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
A narrative account of what might occur the first day of a nuclear war is interspersed with facts about the nuclear arms race and about the destructive power of weapons already stockpiled in the United States and the Soviet Union. A plea is made for preserving civilization from such a catastrophe. (PP)
Jacobson, Willard J.
Awakening Days at Dead River traces the history of a remote public park in north Hillsborough County that was once a privately-owned riverside enclave with modest cabins, and home to a popular fish camp on the Hillsborough River. The timeframe focuses on the mid-twentieth century to present, with a contextual background of earlier history in the immediate area. The story
Edward Curry Woodward
A Model Disability Awareness Day.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Describes an all-day conciousness raising program designed to teach elementary school students about the disabled. The program described consisted of oral presentations and a theater performance by disabled individuals; it was presented to 270 students at Mary A. Hubbard School in Ramsey, New Jersey. (GC)
Watson, Emily Strauss
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The Martin Luther King School in Boston and nine other Massachusetts public schools used a grant from the Massachusetts Department of Education to expand their school days by at least two hours. Each school lengthened the time students spent in reading and math instruction. Farbman focuses on the Martin Luther King School's foray into an extended�
Farbman, David
Editor's Corner: National Lab Day
NSDL National Science Digital Library
In November 2009, President Obama helped launch National Lab Day (NLD)--an initiative that promises to become the most ambitious science-education partnership project ever in the United States. NLD is a nationwide movement to "build local communities of su
Metz, Steve
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this the eighth day of the STS-74 mission, the flight crew Cmdr. Kenneth Cameron, Pilot James Halsell, and Mission Specialists William McArthur, Jerry Ross, and Chris Hatfield, using the remote manipulator system (RMS), took exterior views of the shuttle in space. Additionally, the crew answered several questions posted on one of NASA's websites on the Internet.
Infectious Diseases in Day Care.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Discussed in this publication are infectious illnesses for which children attending day care appear to be at special risk. Also covered are the common cold, some infectious disease problems receiving media attention, and some other annoying but not serious diseases, such as head lice, pinworms, and contagious skin conditions. Causes,�
Sleator, Esther K.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The low-cost day care center described is industry-sponsored, not for the company's employees, but as a community service enabling welfare mothers to work while their children enjoy a development-enhancing curriculum provided by trained teachers, once welfare recipients. Executives believe business must help the disadvantaged solve their problems.�
Stevenson, Gloria
Take Advantage of Constitution Day
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The announcement of the mandate for Constitution and Citizenship Day shortly before September, 2005, probably led to groans of dismay. Not another "must-do" for teachers and schools already stressed by federal and state requirements for standardized tests, increasingly rigid curricula, and scrutiny from the public and officials. But the idea and�
McCune, Bonnie F.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This FAQ page from the Teacher2Teacher service at The Math Forum @ Drexel contains links to many resources offering ideas for celebrating the 100th Day of School. Resources include T2T discussions, children's literature, teacher resource books, and web sites.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Children love snow days, even when they come during the warmest weather. In this lesson the snow isn't falling outside, it's in the classroom--thanks to "Snowflake Bentley" (Briggs Martin 1998) and several models of snowflakes. A lesson on snow demonstrates several principles of practice for using models in elementary science. Focusing on snow was�
Robeck, Edward
The mass-period distribution of close-in exoplanets
Context. The lower limit to the distribution of orbital periods P for the current population of close-in exoplanets shows a distinctive discontinuity located at approximately one Jovian mass. Most smaller planets have orbital periods longer than P ~ 2.5 days, while higher masses are found down to P ~ 1 day. Aims: We analyze whether this observed mass-period distribution could
P. Ben�tez-Llambay; F. Masset; C. Beaug�
Development of cultured dermal substitute composed of hyaluronic acid and collagen spongy sheet containing fibroblasts and epidermal growth factor.
The present study aimed to develop a two-layered cultured dermal substitute (CDS). The upper layer is a hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen (Col) spongy sheet with or without epidermal growth factor (EGF). The lower layer is a HA spongy sheet and Col gel containing fibroblasts. The CDS is prepared in serum-free medium, followed by placing on the wound surface. Corresponding to clinical application, CDS was incubated in serum-free medium for a period of 1, 3 or 5?days, followed by placing onto the air and culture medium interface (wound surface model), and culture for 6?days using conventional culture medium supplemented with serum. Metabolic activity and cytokine production were considerably higher in EGF-incorporating CDS, as compared with EGF-free CDS. Metabolic activity of EGF-incorporating CDS was maintained for a period of 3?days, but decreased slightly after 5?days. EGF-incorporating CDS is able to effectively stimulate fibroblasts within CDS to release increased amounts of vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor, which are essential for wound healing. CDS is promising for wound therapy, because there is no risk of cellular damage caused by cryopreservation, thawing and rinsing processes. The critical issue is how to reduce the cellular damage during a prolonged period of incubation in serum-free medium. EGF-incorporating CDS can be used after a period of 3-5?days incubation in serum-free medium. This period is sufficient for transport of CDS from manufacturing facilities to hospitals. PMID:24890602
Kuroyanagi, Misato; Yamamoto, Akiko; Shimizu, Nahoko; Ishihara, Eiko; Ohno, Haruka; Takeda, Akira; Kuroyanagi, Yoshimitsu
Day-to-day variability in ionospheric electron content
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Published values of ionospheric electron content (IEC) are used to study its day-to-day variability at a number of stations extending from equatorial to mid-latitudes in Indian and American sectors for high and low solar activity years. It is seen that the variability is larger at night than by day, highest in February and November (D months) and lowest in equinox (E) months. The solar activity dependence is such that the variability is higher during high sunspot years than during low sunspot years for mid- and subauroral latitudes while for low latitudes this trend is reversed from 08 to 23 h local time. From a correlative study of the variability in IEC vis-a-vis that in possible causative factors such as solar 10.7 cm flux. magnetic activity, equatorial and auroral electrojet, the relative contributions of the above factors to the variability in IEC at different locations are brought out. The spatial correlation of TEC is also studied.
Aravindakshan, P.; Iyer, K. N.
Description of Day-to-Day Variability in IRI
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) describes the monthly average behavior of Earth's ionosphere based on most of the accessible and reliable ground and space observations of ionospheric parameters. IRI is doing an excellent job in accurately representing these average conditions as countless comparisons with additional data have shown and as acknowledged by the fact that international organizations (COSPAR, URSI, ISO, ECSS) have accepted IRI as their ionosphere standard. However, with our ever-increasing dependence on space technology it has become important to go beyond the monthly averages and to provide a description of the day-to-day variability of the ionosphere. We will review past and ongoing efforts to provide IRI users with a quantitative description of ionospheric variability depending on altitude, time of day, time of year, latitude and solar and magnetic activity. We will present new results from an analysis of ISIS and Alouette topside sounder data. The IRI team is also pursuing the development of an IRI Real-Time (IRI-RT) that uses assimilative algorithms or updating procedures to combine IRI with real-time data for a more accurate picture of current ionospheric conditions. We will review the status of these activities and report on latest results.
Bilitza, Dieter; Liu, Boding; Rodriguez, Joseph E.
Improved methods for blastocyst formation and culture
Transfer at the blastocyst stage has been proposed to increase the pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. In the first period of experiments, culture in a single medium, from fertilization to blastocyst led to disapointing results: low blastocyst formation rates and low implanta- tion rates per blastocyst transferred. Then the period of co-culture began (starting with animals
Yves Menezo; Anna Veiga; Moncef Benkhalifa
Cultural practices in Nigeria.
Nigeria has a rich cultural heritage. Cultural practices include extended family; adequate care for new mothers for 40 days after delivery; prolonged breastfeeding; and respect for elders. Many negative practices exist, most of them affecting the health of children and women. About 90% of babies are delivered by mostly untrained traditional birth attendants (TBAs) and healers. Child marriage is a common Nigerian practice. This deprives the girl of education and results in teenage pregnancy. Legislation does not seem to be very effective. It is hoped that will education, girls will be allowed to remain in school until the age of 18. Female circumcision and vaginal mutilation and also common in Nigerian culture. TBAs and healers have stated that there is severe bleeding after circumcision, sometimes so severe that it leads to death. Other harmful delivery practices include bathing in boiling water; gishiri cut, a crude local symphysiotomy; and agurya cut--removal of the hymen loop on 7-day-old females. Bathing in boiling water results in many women being burned or disfigured; gishiri cut has resulted in vesicovaginal fistula in many young girls. Other harmful practices are purging of infants to get rid of impurities "they might have swallowed while in the uterus;" uvulectomy in infants, and induction of postpartum hemorrhage to clear the uterus of impure blood. The list goes on and on. Women and children are exposed to many unhealthy practices in the name of tradition or culture. PMID:12157983
Alabi, E M
Conversion of 3-demethylthiocolchicine into thiocolchicoside by Centella asiatica suspension cultures
Exogenously supplied 3-demethylthiocolchicine was converted into 3-O-glucosylthiocolchicine (thiocolchicoside) by a cell suspension culture of Centella asiatica. Around 30% of 3-demethylthiocolchicine (136 ?M) was glucosylated after an 11-day incubation period. In vitro glucosylation by cell-free extracts demonstrated that the enzymatic reaction required specifically uridine diphosphate-d-glucose (UDPG1c) as a high energy glucose donor. Various endogenous phenolic compounds were assayed for their effect
N. Bouhouche; J. M. Solet; A. Simon-Ramiasa; J. Bonaly; L. Cosson
Extracellular ligninolytic enzyme production and polymeric dye decolourization in immobilized cultures of Chrysosporium lignorum CL1
Decolourization of Poly R-478 and Poly S-119 by Chrysosporium lignorum was indicative of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase activity when the fungus was cultured under static conditions or immobilized in a 2 litre bioreactor. Immobilization resulted in an ability to produce both enzymes over a longer period of time, with a maximum MnP activity of 75 U\\/ug-1 on day 37
Kevin F. Buckley; Alan D. W. Dobson
Microbial load in mass cultures of green algae Scenedesmus acutus and its processed powder
Microbial contamination in cultures of the alga,Scenedesmus acutus raised in outdoor open tanks and also in the processed powder of the alga was monitored; The total bacterial population increased\\u000a with time during the growth period of six days. When a combination of molasses and carbondioxide was employed as carbon source\\u000a for this alga, the bacterial load increased to 10 colony
M. Mahadevaswamy; L. V. Venkataraman
Production, maintenance and plant regeneration from cell suspension cultures of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni
A method is described for producing and maintaining Stevia rebaudiana suspensions and regeneration of plants from calli derived from cell suspensions. Suspension cultures composed of isolated cells (ca. 10%) and cellular aggregates (5�100 cells) were obtained in 20�30 days by using friable callus as the initial inoculum in liquid media with BA (0.5 mg\\/l)+2,4-D (1.0 mg\\/l), and periodic filtering (100�500
C. M. Ferreira; Walter Handro
Cell death pattern of a varicose vein organ culture model.
The study aimed to investigate the viability of a varicose vein (VV) organ culture model by assessing cell death pattern. To assess pattern of cell death with time, VV organ cultures were incubated for up to 14 days with regular medium changed. To assess viability, cell death of VV organ cultures treated with sodium azide and their untreated counterparts was assayed. Increased cell death was measured in VV organ cultures from day 0 to 2. Cell death decreased gradually after day 2 and plateaued from day 8 to 14.VV organ cultures treated with sodium azide demonstrated significantly more cell death in tissue (P = 0.001). Cell death measured in cultures treated with sodium azide continued to increase until day 7. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the viability of a VV organ culture model with most cell death occurred within the first two days and then declined to a relatively low level. PMID:23526103
Lim, Chung S; Kiriakidis, Serafim; Paleolog, Ewa M; Davies, Alun H
In vitro isolation and cultivation of Cowdria ruminantium under serum-free culture conditions.
Three stocks of Cowdria ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater in domestic ruminants, were propagated in bovine endothelial cells in a serum-free culture medium. The Vosloo, Welgevonden and Senegal stocks were propagated for a period of more than 203, 134, and 43 days, respectively. Two of the C ruminantium stocks (Vosloo and Senegal) were also successfully initiated under serum-free culture conditions. The serum-free medium consisted of a modified HL-1 medium. The Senegal stock was successfully propagated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium nutrient mixture Ham F-12 containing 10 per cent fetal bovine serum. PMID:9429251
Zweygarth, E; Vogel, S W; Josemans, A I; Horn, E
'Is getting well ever an art?': Psychopharmacology and madness in Robert Lowell's Day by Day.
On the publication of Robert Lowell's Life Studies in 1959, some critics were shocked by the poet's use of seemingly frank autobiographical material, in particular the portrayal of his hospitalizations for bipolar disorder. During the late fifties and throughout the sixties, a rich vein, influenced by Lowell, developed in American poetry. Also during this time, the nascent science of psychopharmacology competed with and complemented the more established somatic treatments, such as psychosurgery, shock treatments, and psychoanalytical therapies. The development of Thorazine was a remarkable breakthrough allowing patients previously thought incurable to leave hospital. In 1955, the release of Miltown, the first 'minor' tranquilizer, was heralded with a media fanfare promising a new dawn of psychological cure-all. These two events blurred the boundary between 'normality' and madness by making treatment in the community more widely possible and by medicalizing more commonplace distress. Lowell's early depictions of madness situate it as emblematic of the cultural malaise of 'the tranquilized fifties.' By his final collection, Day by Day (1977), mental illness had lost its symbolic power. These late poems explore the power of art as a way of representing and remedying suffering in a culture where psychopharmacology has normalized madness. PMID:21853380
Travis, Isabelle
Response to ractopamine-hydrogen chloride is similar in yearling steers across days on feed.
Yearling steers (n = 2,552; 314 kg of initial BW) were used to evaluate the effects of ractopamine-HCl (RAC) and days on feed on performance, carcass characteristics, and skeletal muscle gene expression in finishing steers. Treatment groups included serial slaughter dates of 150, 171, or 192 d on feed. Within each slaughter date, steers either received RAC (200 mg/steer) daily for the final 28 d or were not fed RAC. All steers were initially implanted with Revalor-IS and were reimplanted with Revalor-S after 75 d on feed. At slaughter, muscle samples from the semimembranosus were collected for mRNA analysis of the beta-adrenergic receptors (beta-AR). Ractopamine administration increased (P < 0.05) ADG, G:F, and HCW and increased (P = 0.08) LM area. Ractopamine did not affect the dressing percentage, USDA yield grade, or quality grade (P > 0.3). There was no change in overall feed intake across the entire feeding period; however, feed intake was increased during the 28-d period during which the steers were fed RAC (P < or = 0.05). Greater days on feed decreased (P < 0.05) ADG, G:F, DMI, and the number of yield grade 1 and 2 carcasses. Also, greater days on feed increased (P < 0.05) HCW, dressing percentage, and the number of prime and choice carcasses, as well as the number of yield grade 4 and 5 carcasses. Increasing days on feed decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of beta(1)-AR and beta(3)-AR mRNA and increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of beta(2)-AR mRNA in skeletal muscle samples obtained at slaughter. Ractopamine had no effect (P > 0.10) on the abundance of beta(1)-AR or beta(3)-AR mRNA, but tended (P = 0.09) to increase beta(2)-AR mRNA. Additional time-course studies with primary muscle cell cultures revealed that advancing time in culture increased (P < 0.001) beta(2)-AR mRNA but had no effect (P > 0.10) on beta(1)-AR or beta(3)-AR mRNA. We conclude that days on feed and RAC are affecting beta-AR mRNA levels, which could, in turn, impact the biological response to RAC feeding in yearling steers. PMID:17235026
Winterholler, S J; Parsons, G L; Reinhardt, C D; Hutcheson, J P; Nichols, W T; Yates, D A; Swingle, R S; Johnson, B J
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Started in 2002, the Visualizing Cultures website is produced by MIT, and it was designed "to explore the potential of the Web for developing innovative image-driven scholarship and learning." The site contains topical units of self-discovery which are focused on Japan's role in the modern world and early-modern China. The various units address cultures of modernization, war and peace, and consumerism, among others. Each unit is represented by a different image, and visitors will find a short narrative essay along with plenty of visual images which document teach topic. One unit that should not be missed is "Felice Beato's Japan". Here visitors can learn about the pioneering work of Felice Beato, as he took photos of the "exotic" Japanese people in his Yokohama studio and captured the transitional period between the "feudal governance of the Edo period (1600-1868) and the imperial rule of the Meiji era (1868-1912)."
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this eighth day of the STS-79 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. William F. Readdy, Pilot Terrence W. Wilcutt, Mission Specialists, Thomas D. Akers, Shannon Lucid, Jay Apt, and Carl E. Walz, are seen bidding the crew of Mir farewell and then closing the hatches between their two spacecraft in preparation for undocking. The nine astronauts and cosmonauts gathered in the Core Module of the Russian space station for a formal goodbye. With the official ceremony complete, the crewmembers shared a final meal together and exchanged private farewells as Shannon Lucid prepared to return home in Atlantis and her replacement on Mir, John Blaha, began a four month stay on the station. Walz and Apt and Mir 22 Commander Valery Korzun with assistance from Flight Engineer 2 John Blaha, swung the hatches between their spacecraft closed concluding five days of joint operations. The vestibule between Atlantis and Mir was depressurized and leak checks were performed in readiness for undocking.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this fourteenth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown include the Drop Physics Module (DPM) experiment, the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE), the Geophysical Fluid Flow Cell (GFFC) experiment, and an experiment on fuel combustion and combustion products. Bowersox, Sacco, Thornton, and Rominger (the red team) were interviewed by high school students from Worcester, Massachusetts, who asked questions regarding the mission's experiments and general questions about living in space. Earth views included a black and white image of the Earth's atmospheric boundary layers.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this fifteenth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown hosting an in-orbit interview with various newspaper reporters from Johnson Space Center, Kennedy Space Center, and Marshall Space Flight Center via satellite hookup. The astronauts were asked questions regarding the status of the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2) experiments, their personal goals regarding their involvement in the mission, their future in the space program, and general questions about living in space. Earth views included cloud cover and a tropical storm.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this fifth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). These experiments are downlinked to Mission Control from the Spacelab using the High-Packed Digital Television (HI-PAC) systems onboard the Shuttle. The experiments shown include the Drop Physics Module (DPM) experiment, the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE), the Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment, and a Hand-Held Diffusion Test Cell experiment. Lopez-Alegria is interviewed in Spanish by two Spanish radio show hosts. Earth views include cloud cover, the Earth's horizon and atmospheric boundary layers, and several oceans.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this third day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew, Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown include the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE), the Drop Physics Module (DPM) experiment, and the High-Packed Digital Television (HI-PAC) demonstration. The HI-PAC allows the digitization of up to six video downlink signals from the Spacelab experiments and other cameras onboard the Shuttle, where previously only one downlink was allowed.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this fourth day of the STS-73 sixteen day mission, the crew Cmdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Pilot Kent Rominger, Payload Specialists Albert Sacco and Fred Gregory, and Mission Specialists Kathryn Thornton, Catherine 'Cady' Collman, and Michael Lopez-Alegria are shown performing several of the spaceborne experiments onboard the United States Microgravity Lab-2 (USML-2). The experiments shown include the High-Packed Digital Television (HI-PAC) demonstration, the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment (STDCE), and the Drop Physics Module (DPM) experiment. Video footage is shown of the crew working in the Spacelab along with a split screen Shuttle downlink/Ground-Air Television (GATV) uplink from Mission Control. Several of the astronauts are interviewed by Mission Control regarding the status of the experiments.
[Day Hospital: history and conceptualization].
The appearance of Day Hospitals operated as a model to inspire the different ways of partial time psychiatric care (night hospitals, weekend hospitals, long hour activities in hospitalization services or general hospitals, etc.) and came to complement or replace complete hospitalization in classic psychiatric hospitals. This article presents the history and origins of Day Hospitals and their initial propagation in different countries, and especially in Argentina. Social and political conditions that set their emergence as a therapeutic resource in psychiatry, their models of functioning and variants of application according to the diagnoses of patients admitted, age groups, etc., the theories put into play to report their effects, several studies and technical results, and ideological views related to mental disorders and their treatment in the society are also being studied. PMID:23139920
Stagnaro, Juan C
Population distribution during the day can be defined as distribution of population in an area during the daytime hours. However, a precise definition of daytime hours is challenging given the geographic variability in the length of a day or daylight hours. The US Census Bureau used "normal business hours" as the span of time to describe daytime population. Given that Censuses typically estimates residential population, it represents a nighttime population distribution. In that respect, daytime population in an area may be broadly defined as distribution of population at times other than when they are expected to be at their residences at night which extends the duration from business hours to include the evening hours as well.
Bhaduri, Budhendra L [ORNL
Do antepartum herpes simplex virus cultures predict intrapartum shedding for pregnant women with recurrent disease?
OBJECTIVE: To examine antenatal screening as a predictor of intrapartum shedding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and to determine its usefulness in guiding the appropriate route of delivery for patients with recurrent HSV in pregnancy. METHODS: A population of 198 pregnant women with a history of recurrent genital HSV were cultured in the last weeks of their pregnancy by specially-trained personnel and intrapartum by their delivering attendants. RESULTS: Of cultures from a total of 906 antenatal visits, 17% were culture positive, with an asymptomatic shedding rate of 3.4%. Asymptomatic shedding occurred in 12.6% of women. Over the 8-week antepartum period, viral culture-positivity rates for each visit ranged from 11% to 19.5%. This provided an expected delivery culture-positivity rate of 15.3%. However, actual intrapartum viral culture positivity occurred in only three of 191 women (1.5%; P < 0.001). Because previous studies have suggested antepartum culture positivity fails to predict intrapartum viral shedding, evaluations, including cultures, as well as predictive values for subsequent culture positivities, were determined under the supervision of an infectious disease specialist. Under these conditions, positive predictive values were 59% when the interval between visits was 2 days, but only 19% when days between visits were >2 (P < 0.0001). No cases of neonatal herpes were seen in this population, although cesarean deliveries were performed in 31% of the patient population, with genital herpes as the indication for 56% of those. CONCLUSIONS: Antepartum serial screening by viral culture is not predictive of an infant's risk of intrapartum viral exposure when conducted at weekly intervals. However, more frequent assessments of patients can be predictive of an infant's exposure risk to HSV; for patients with frequent recurrent disease near term or primary infection in pregnancy, frequent late antepartum screening may be appropriate.
Garland, S M; Lee, T N; Sacks, S
Human autologous serum as a substitute for fetal bovine serum in human schwann cell culture.
Nowadays, cell -based and tissue engineered products have opened new horizons in treatment of incurable nervous system disorders. The number of studies on the role of Schwann cells (SC) in treating nervous disorders is higher than other cell types. Different protocols have been suggested for isolation and expansion of SC which most of them have used multiple growth factors, mitogens and fetal bovine sera (FBS) in culture medium. Because of potential hazards of animal-derived reagents, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of replacing FBS with human autologous serum (HAS) on SC's yield and culture parameters. Samples from 10 peripheral nerve biopsies were retrieved and processed under aseptic condition. The isolated cells cultured in FBS (1st group) or autologous serum (2nd group). After primary culture the cells were seeded at 10000 cell/cm2 in a 12 wells cell culture plate for each group. At 100% confluency, the cell culture parameters (count, viability, purity and culture duration) of 2 groups were compared using paired t-test. The average donors' age was 35.80 (SD=13.35) and except for 1 sample the others cultured successfully. In first group, the averages of cell purity, viability and culture duration were 97% (SD=1.32), 97/33% (SD=1.22) and 11.77 (SD=2.58) days respectively. This parameters were 97.33% (SD=1.00), 97.55% (SD=1.33) and 10.33 days (SD=1.65) in second group. The difference of cell count, purity and viability were not significant between 2 groups (P>0.05). The cells of second group reached to 100% confluency in shorter period of time (P=0.03). The results of this study showed that autologous serum can be a good substitute for FBS in human SC culture. This can reduce the costs and improve the safety of cell product for clinical application. PMID:24901852
Goodarzi, Parisa; Arjmand, Babak; Emami-Razavi, Seyed Hassan; Soleimani, Masoud; Khodadadi, Abbas; Mohamadi-Jahani, Fereshteh; Aghayan, Hamid Reza
Argonne's 2012 Earth Day Event
Argonne's 2012 Earth Day event drew crowds from across the laboratory. Argonne and U.S. Department of Energy employees toured booths and interactive displays set up by Argonne programs and clubs. Several of Argonne's partners participated, including U.S. Department of Energy, University of Chicago, Abri Credit Union, DuPage County Forest Preserve, DuPage Water Commission, PACE and Morton Arboretum. Argonne scientists and engineers also participated in a poster session, discussing their clean energy research.
Argonne's 2012 Earth Day Event
Argonne's 2012 Earth Day event drew crowds from across the laboratory. Argonne and U.S. Department of Energy employees toured booths and interactive displays set up by Argonne programs and clubs. Several of Argonne's partners participated, including U.S. Department of Energy, University of Chicago, Abri Credit Union, DuPage County Forest Preserve, DuPage Water Commission, PACE and Morton Arboretum. Argonne scientists and engineers also participated in a poster session, discussing their clean energy research.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this the seventh day of the STS-74 mission, the flight crew Cmdr. Kenneth Cameron, Pilot James Halsell, and Mission Specialists William McArthur, Jerry Ross, and Chris Hatfield, filmed the Mir-shuttle separation maneuver. After separation, the shuttle performed a fly-around of the Mir space station , during which, a variety of views of the Mir station were taken. Earth views include cloud cover.
The early days of incineration
Landfills reaching capacity, beaches fouled with trash, neighborhood residents protesting waste disposal sites in their backyards, and municipalities forced to recycle. Sound familiar? These issues might have been taken from today`s headlines, but they were also problems facing mechanical engineers a century ago. Conditions such as these were what led engineers to design the first incinerators for reducing the volume of municipal garbage, as well as for producing heat and electricity. The paper discusses these early days.
Valenti, M.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Astronaut Rex Walheim (center) speaks to members of the Mississippi House of Representatives in chambers during NASA Day at the Capitol in Jackson on Feb. 19. Walheim was joined at the podium by members of the Mississippi House of Representatives Gulf Coast delegation, as well as Stennis Space Center Director Gene Goldman (astronaut's immediate right) and NASA's Shared Services Center Director Rick Arbuthnot and Partners for Stennis Executive Director Tish Williams (astronaut's immediate left).
Argonne's 2012 Earth Day Event
Argonne's 2012 Earth Day event drew crowds from across the laboratory. Argonne and U.S. Department of Energy employees toured booths and interactive displays set up by Argonne programs and clubs. Several of Argonne's partners participated, including U.S. Department of Energy, University of Chicago, Abri Credit Union, DuPage County Forest Preserve, DuPage Water Commission, PACE and Morton Arboretum. Argonne scientists and engineers also participated in a poster session, discussing their clean energy research.
2011 Astronomy Day at McDonald Observatory
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Our philosophy is that everyday is Astronomy Day because the McDonald Observatory's Frank N. Bash Visitors Center is open 362 days a year. So, how did we create a special celebration for the "Astronomy Day� declared by the Astronomical League? During September 26-29 we conducted 20 videoconferences and served 12,559 students with "Astronomy Day� programming. Connect2Texas provides bridging for a network of Texas-based museums and cultural, historical, and scientific organizations that offer educational content to schools throughout the state via videoconferencing. Connect2Texas connected McDonald Observatory to 334 schools; most of these schools were in Texas, but schools in a dozen other states also participated. While most schools had a "view-only" connection, at least 20 of the schools had interactive connections, whereby the students could ask questions of the presenter. Connect2Texas also collects evaluation information from the participating schools that we will use to produce a report for our funders and make modifications to future programs as need be. The videoconferences were offered free of charge. The theme for the 2011 Astronomy Day program was the Year of the Solar System, which aligns with NASA's theme for 2011 and 2012. By aligning with this NASA theme, we could leverage NASA artwork and materials to both advertise and enrich the learning experience. Videoconference materials also included pre- and post-videoconference assessment sheets, an inquiry based activity, and pre- and post-videoconference activities, all of which were made available online. One of the lessons learned from past Astronomy Day videoconferences is that the days the Astronomical League declares as "Astronomy Day� are not always good days for Texas schools to participate. So, we choose an Astronomy Day that meets the needs of Texas schools and our schedule - so any day can be Astronomy Day. 2011 Astronomy Day was made possible by The Meyer-Levy Charitable Trust.
Preston, Sandra; Hemeway, M.; Wetzel, M.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this fourth day of the STS-79 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. William F. Readdy, Pilot Terrence W. Wilcutt, Mission Specialists, Thomas D. Akers, John Blaha, Jay Apt, and Carl E. Walz, are seen docking with the Mir Space Station. After two hours of pressure and leak checks, the hatches between the two spacecraft is then opened. The two crews are seen greeting one another to begin five days of joint operations. The rendezvous and docking went flawlessly as Readdy flew the orbiter manually through the final 2,000 feet. Docking occurred within seconds of the pre-planned time and flight controllers reported that only slight oscillations were felt through the Orbiter Docking System as the two spacecraft locked together. Within hours of the hatch opening, crew members John Blaha and Shannon Lucid formally swapped places before going to bed with Blaha becoming a member of the Mir-22 crew and Lucid joining the STS-79 crew to wrap up 179 days as a member of the Mir station. Blaha joins Mir 22 Commander Valery Korzun and Flight Engineer Alexander Kaleri on Mir for the next four months. Soon after the crew members completed their welcoming ceremony, they went to work, hauling bags of water and other supplies from the Shuttle's Spacehab module into the Mir. More than 4000 pounds of equipment and logistical supplies will be transferred to the Mir before Atlantis undocks from the space station.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this ninth day of the STS-79 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. William F. Readdy, Pilot Terrence W. Wilcutt, Mission Specialists, Thomas D. Akers, Shannon Lucid, Jay Apt, and Carl E. Walz having completed five days of joint operations between the American astronauts and the Russian cosmonauts are seen flying solo once again after undocking from the Mir Space Station. As Atlantis/Mir flew over the Ural Mountains of central Asia, the docking hooks and latches that joined the vehicles together were commanded open and Atlantis drifted slowly away from Mir. Wilcutt then initiated a tail-forward fly-around of the Russian space station. After one and one-half revolutions around Mir, Atlantis' jets were fired in a separation maneuver to enable Atlantis to break away from Mir. On board Atlantis, the six-member crew is settling back into its normal routine with a fairly light schedule for the remainder of the day. Early in the morning as Atlantis flew over the United States, the crew took time to talk with anchors for the CBS Up to the Minute' network news broadcast.
[Organizational recommendations for day surgery].
In France, the delayed development of day surgery compared to other countries led the ANAP and the HAS in 2011 to enter into a joint work program to provide some reference guide for hospitals to change their practices to outpatient. In this context, organizational guidelines and operational tools were published in May 2013. The method of construction of the recommendations resulting from an original work that combined a three-fold approach: field vision by identifying the highlights of 15 hospitals selected for their representative performance and analyzing the risks of five voluntary hospitals, mobilization organizational theories from the social sciences, using 53 professional experts. The work concluded on 16 organizational recommendations under four forms (basic principles, strategic elements, operational elements and perspectives). These recommendations are accompanied by tools and guides diagnosis and implementation, as well as productions for further reflection. These organizational recommendations confirmed the specificity of day surgery, which is not related to the act, but to the organization, management and optimization of different flows of a hospital (patient flow, professional flows, logistical, informational�). The performance of a day surgery organization is linked to its ability to control its flow and anticipation. PMID:24444491
Bontemps, Gilles
All cultures have had means and techniques that express their immediate aims. The thing that interests me is that today, painters do not have to go to a subject matter outside of themselves. They work from a different source. They work from within. It seems to me that the modern artist cannot express this age, the airplane, the atom bomb, the radio, in the old form of the Renaissance or of any of the old cultures. PMID:12465211
Locsin, Rozzano C
The "Little" Cultural Tradition of Hispanics. (La "Pequena" Tradicion Cultural de los Hispanos.)
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Defining "little" cultural traditions as those customs, behaviors and attitudes of ordinary people involved in the day-to-day problems of living and survival, this article traces the origins, historic influences and general characteristics of Hispanic culture and of its Mexican, Puerto Rican and Cuban subcultures. (DS)
Benitez, Jose Spielberg
Enrichment from activated sludges of aerobic mixed cultures capable to degrade vinyl chloride (VC) as the sole carbon source.
Two microbial cultures able to degrade high concentrations of VC as the sole carbon source have been obtained by enrichment from activated sludge. The cultures began consuming VC (0.02 mmol l(-1)) only after a long initial acclimation period (1-2 months). After then the concentration of VC was gradually increased (from 0.02 to 0.8 mmol l(-1)) and the cultures were able to maintain VC degrading ability for long time (over 500 days). VC-degrading biomass in the two cultures was characterized by low specific maximum growth rates (0.19-0.21 d(-1)) compared to heterotrophic organisms typically present in activated sludge processes. Monod half-saturation constant was rather low (0.7-1.6 mg VC l(-1)) indicating that it is possible to effectively remove VC to low residual concentrations. The cultures were highly sensitive to even short periods of VC lack (with quick decrease of VC degradation rates) whereas they were not to sudden load increases (up to 3.4 mmol l(-1)). After being cultured with only ethene as the sole carbon and energy source, the cultures kept the ability of degrading VC. Possibility of maintaining the mixed cultures on non-toxic ethene, without loosing VC degradation ability, is very promising for bioaugmentation treatments. PMID:12817632
Aulenta, Federico; Majone, Mauro; Beccari, Mario; Perna, Luca; Tandoi, Valter
Duration of Incubation of Fungal Cultures
To determine the optimum duration of incubation for recovery of fungi, the results of 2,173 consecutive clinical cultures were reviewed. Overall, 94% of fungal isolates were detected by day 7 and 98% were detected by day 14. Yeasts were usually (98%) detected within thefirst week of incubation. Recovery of molds required more time, but 81% were detected by day 7
A Single-Culture Bioprocess of Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus to Upgrade Digester Biogas by CO2-to-CH4 Conversion with H2
We optimized and tested a postbioprocessing step with a single-culture archaeon to upgrade biogas (i.e., increase methane content) from anaerobic digesters via conversion of CO2 into CH4 by feeding H2 gas. We optimized a culture of the thermophilic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus using: (1) a synthetic H2/CO2 mixture; (2) the same mixture with pressurization; (3) a synthetic biogas with different CH4 contents and H2; and (4) an industrial, untreated biogas and H2. A laboratory culture with a robust growth (dry weight of 6.4�7.4?g/L; OD600 of 13.6�15.4), a volumetric methane production rate of 21?L/L culture-day, and a H2 conversion efficiency of 89% was moved to an industrial anaerobic digester facility, where it was restarted and fed untreated biogas with a methane content of ~70% at a rate such that CO2 was in excess of the stoichiometric requirements in relation to H2. Over an 8-day operating period, the dry weight of the culture initially decreased slightly before stabilizing at an elevated level of ~8?g/L to achieve a volumetric methane production rate of 21?L/L culture-day and a H2 conversion efficiency of 62%. While some microbial contamination of the culture was observed via microscopy, it did not affect the methane production rate of the culture.
Martin, Matthew R.; Fornero, Jeffrey J.; Angenent, Largus T.
Homeostasis of neuroactive amino acids in cultured cerebellar and neocortical neurons is influenced by environmental cues.
Neuronal function is highly influenced by the extracellular environment. To study the effect of the milieu on neurons from cerebellum and neocortex, cells from these brain areas were cultured under different conditions. Two sets of cultures, one neocortical and one cerebellar neurons, were maintained in media containing [U-(13)C]glucose for 8 days at initial concentrations of 12 and 28 mM glucose, respectively. Other sets of cultures (8 days in vitro) maintained in a medium containing initially 12 mM glucose were incubated subsequently for 4 hr either by addition of [U-(13)C]glucose to the culture medium (final concentration 3 mM) or by changing to fresh medium containing [U-(13)C]glucose (3 mM) but without glutamine and fetal calf serum. (13)C Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra revealed extensive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis in both cultured neocortical and cerebellar neurons after maintenance in medium containing [U-(13)C]glucose for 8 days, whereas no aspartate labeling was observed in these spectra. Mass spectrometry analysis, however, revealed high labeling intensity of aspartate, which was equal in the two types of neurons. Addition of [U-(13)C]glucose (4 hr) on Day 8 in culture led to a similar extent of labeling of GABA in neocortical and in cerebellar cultures, but the cellular content of GABA was considerably higher in the neocortical neurons. The cellular content of alanine was similar regardless of culture type. Comparing the amount of labeling, however, cerebellar neurons exhibited a higher capacity for alanine synthesis. This is compatible with the fact that cerebellar neurons could ameliorate a low alanine content after culturing in low glucose (12 mM) by a 4-hr incubation in medium containing 3 mM glucose. A low glucose concentration during the culture period and a subsequent medium change were associated with decreases in glutathione and taurine contents. Moreover, glutamate and GABA contents were reduced in cerebellar cultures under either of these conditions. In neocortical neurons, the GABA content was decreased by simultaneous exposure to low glucose and change of medium. These conditions also led to an increase in the aspartate content in both types of cultures, although most pronounced in the neocortical neurons. Further experiments are needed to elucidate these phenomena that underline the impact of extracellular environment on amino acid homeostasis. PMID:15558763
Waagepetersen, Helle; Mel�, Torun; Schousboe, Arne; Sonnewald, Ursula
New Periods and/or Types for Variable Stars
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
We show differential light curves for several variable stars for which we have determined periods and/or a new variable type. Observations were made with a Photometrics Nubus CCD camera on the Wellesley College 24--inch Boller and Chivens telescope at the Whitin Observatory. Mira and suspected Mira variables for which the GCVS does not have a period listed include: LO Aur (490 days), AC Cep (440 days), HO Cyg (262 days), IR Cyg (172 days), V365 Cyg (420 days), BZ Dra (242 days), AX Her (300 days), ZZ Her (235 days), BX Lac (480 days), V413 Per (270 days), and KU Vul (308 days). The Mira VX UMa, has a period of 210 days listed in the GCVS; we show that the period is really about 410 days. We show a light curve for Z UMi, which the GCVS has classified as a Mira, and which is probably an RCB star and for IV Gem, which is classified as an RR Lyr star, and is probably a binary with a period of 0.603 days. We thank the W. M. Keck Foundation for the CCD camera and its support of astronomy at Wellesley College through the Keck Northeast Astronomy Consortium, NSF grant 8913001 for summer support of KH, and the Brachman Hoffman Research Fellowship (PJB) awarded by Wellesley College for partial support of this research.
Benson, P. J.; Hagemann, K.
Biodegradation of Palm Kernel Cake by Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Bacterial Cultures through Solid State Fermentation
Four cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacterial cultures were purchased from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Culture (DSMZ) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Two experiments were conducted; the objective of the first experiment was to determine the optimum time period required for solid state fermentation (SSF) of palm kernel cake (PKC), whereas the objective of the second experiment was to investigate the effect of combinations of these cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria on the nutritive quality of the PKC. In the first experiment, the SSF was lasted for 12 days with inoculum size of 10% (v/w) on different PKC to moisture ratios. In the second experiment, fifteen combinations were created among the four microbes with one untreated PKC as a control. The SSF lasted for 9 days, and the samples were autoclaved, dried, and analyzed for proximate analysis. Results showed that bacterial cultures produced high enzymes activities at the 4th day of SSF, whereas their abilities to produce enzymes tended to be decreased to reach zero at the 8th day of SSF. Findings in the second experiment showed that hemicellulose and cellulose was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas the amount of reducing sugars were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the fermented PKC (FPKC) compared with untreated PKC.
Alshelmani, Mohamed Idris; Loh, Teck Chwen; Foo, Hooi Ling; Lau, Wei Hong; Sazili, Awis Qurni
Biodegradation of Palm Kernel Cake by Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Bacterial Cultures through Solid State Fermentation.
Four cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacterial cultures were purchased from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Culture (DSMZ) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Two experiments were conducted; the objective of the first experiment was to determine the optimum time period required for solid state fermentation (SSF) of palm kernel cake (PKC), whereas the objective of the second experiment was to investigate the effect of combinations of these cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria on the nutritive quality of the PKC. In the first experiment, the SSF was lasted for 12 days with inoculum size of 10% (v/w) on different PKC to moisture ratios. In the second experiment, fifteen combinations were created among the four microbes with one untreated PKC as a control. The SSF lasted for 9 days, and the samples were autoclaved, dried, and analyzed for proximate analysis. Results showed that bacterial cultures produced high enzymes activities at the 4th day of SSF, whereas their abilities to produce enzymes tended to be decreased to reach zero at the 8th day of SSF. Findings in the second experiment showed that hemicellulose and cellulose was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas the amount of reducing sugars were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the fermented PKC (FPKC) compared with untreated PKC. PMID:25019097
Alshelmani, Mohamed Idris; Loh, Teck Chwen; Foo, Hooi Ling; Lau, Wei Hong; Sazili, Awis Qurni
NSDL National Science Digital Library
This lesson, based on the NOVA television broadcast 'The Day the Earth Shook', introduces students to engineering for earthquakes; specifically, architectural features that work and those that don't. The objective is to explore structural engineering through three design challenges; a relatively short, wide building; a home on a hillside; and a pyramid shape that focuses most of its mass near the bottom. Students are divided into three teams and each team is assigned one of the structure challenges. Each team will build and test its structure, record its results, then rotate to the next challenge until all three teams have attempted all three challenges.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The second day of STS-70 Space Shuttle Discovery mission is contained on this video. The crew is shown onboard the Shuttle working on a variety of secondary experiments. These range from the Hercules camera, which imprints the latitude and longitude of areas photographed on Earth, to the WINDEX, which studies of the glow created as the Shuttle's surfaces interact with atomic oxygen in low Earth orbits. Also featured are astronauts Henricks, Kregel, and Weber answering questions from the general public via use of The New York Times On-Line Services.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The second day of STS-70 Space Shuttle Discovery mission is contained on this video. The crew is shown onboard the Shuttle working on a variety of secondary experiments. These range from the Hercules camera, which imprints the latitude and longitude of areas photographed on Earth, to the Windex, which studies of the glow created as the Shuttle's surfaces interact with atomic oxygen in low Earth orbits. Also featured are astronauts Henricks, Kregal, and Weber answering questions from the general public via use of The New York Times On-Line Services.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this third day of the STS-91 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Charles J. Precourt, Pilot Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie and Mission Specialists Wendy B. Lawrence, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, Janet L. Kavandi, and Valery Victorovitch Ryumin prepare for docking with the Mir Space Station and a reunion with U.S. Astronaut Andy Thomas, who is about to conclude his more-than-four-month mission to the Russian outpost. After the docking the two crews open the entry hatch and greet each other. The astronauts and cosmonauts transfer supplies from the shuttle to Mir.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this sixth day of the STS-74 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Kenneth Cameron, Pilot James Halsell, and Mission Specialists William McArthur, Jerry Ross, and Chris Hatfield and the Mir 20 cosmonauts, Cmdr. Yuri Gidzenko, Flight Engineer Sergei Avdeyev, and Cosmonaut-Researcher (ESA) Thomas Reiter, were greeted and briefly interviewed by the Secretary General of the United Nations, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, on the 50th anniversary of the United Nations via a radio satellite hookup. An additional interview with other journalists from different areas of the United States and Canada was also presented.
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
On this third day of the STS-74 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Kenneth Cameron, Pilot James Halsell, and Mission Specialists William McArthur, Jerry Ross, and Chris Hatfield successfully connect the Russian-made docking module to the Space Shuttle using the shuttle's robot arm. There is a live, in-orbit press interview with the astronauts from inside the Russian docking module regarding the status of the mission thus far. The docking module will remain with Mir after the two spacecraft have undocked.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this second day of the STS-95 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Curtis L. Brown, Pilot Steven W. Lindsey, Mission Specialists Scott E. Parazynski, Stephen K. Robinson, and Pedro Duque, and Payload Specialists Chiaki Mukai and John H. Glenn, are seen preparing a glovebox device in the middeck area of Discovery, an enclosed research facility that will support numerous science investigations throughout the mission. Payload Specialist John Glenn, activates the Microgravity Encapsulation Process experiment (MEPS). This experiment will study the formation of capsules containing two kinds of anti-tumor drugs that could be delivered directly to solid tumors with applications for future chemotherapy treatments and the pharmaceutical industry.
76 FR 44573 - Child and Adult Care Food Program: National Average Payment Rates, Day Care Home Food Service...
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
...National Average Payment Rates, Day Care Home Food Service Payment Rates...Rates for Sponsoring Organizations of Day Care Homes for the Period July 1, 2011...Rates for Sponsoring Organizations of Day Care Homes per Home (Per month rates...
Three Dimensional Primary Hepatocyte Culture
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Our results demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of culturing PHH in microgravity bioreactors that exceeded the longest period obtained using other methods. Within the first week of culture, isolated hepatocytes started to form aggregates, which continuously increased in size (up to 1 cm) and macroscopically appeared as a multidimensional tissue-like assembly. To improve oxygenation and nutrition within the spheroids we performed experiments with the biodegradable nonwoven fiber-based polymers made from PolyGlycolic Acid (PGA). It has been shown that PGA scaffolds stimulate isolated cells to regenerate tissue with defined sizes and shapes and are currently being studied for various tissue-engineering applications. Our data demonstrated that culturing hepatocytes in the presence of PGA scaffolds resulted in more efficient cell assembly and formations of larger cell spheroids (up to 3 cm in length, see figure). The histology of cell aggregates cultured with PGA showed polymer fibers with attached hepatocytes. We initiated experiments to co-culture primary human hepatocytes with human microvascular endothelial cells in the bioreactor. The presence of endothelial cells in co-cultures were established by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD34 monoclonal Ab. Our preliminary data demonstrated that cultures of purified hepatocytes with human microvascular endothelial cells exhibited better growth and expressed higher levels of albumin MRNA for a longer period of time than cultures of ppfified, primary human hepatocytes cultured alone. We also evaluated microsomal deethylation activity of hepatocytes cultured in the presence of endothelial cells.In summary, we have established liver cell culture, which mimicked the structure and function of the parent tissue.
Yoffe, Boris
[Effects of several factors on cell growth and ginsenoside accumulation of Panax ginseng suspension culture].
To improve cell suspension culture system of Panax ginseng, the dynamic of cell growth and medium consumption were studied, and the effects of filter on the culture vessel, revolution number, and inoculation density on cell growth and ginsenoside accumulation were also investigated. The maximum cell growth and ginsenoside accumulation was found on the 20th days of suspension culture, therefore, 20 days were confirmed as a suitable culture period for mass production of ginsenoside. Cell growth and ginsenoside content were promoted when the culture vessel had a ventilated filter. Revolution speed during suspension culture affected cell growth, but not ginsenoside content, a peak of ginsenoside productivity was found in the treatment of 120 r x min(-1). Inoculation density also influenced cell growth and ginsenoside accumulation, inoculation density of 6 g was better than other inoculation densities, the ginsenoside content and productivity were up to 12.8 mg x g(-1) DW and 146.6 mg x L(-1), respectively. PMID:24791486
Li, Tie-Jun; Lian, Mei-Lan; Yu, Dan; Shao, Chun-Hui; Piao, Xuan-Chun
Mitochondrial activity assessed by cytofluorescence after in-vitro-irradiation of primary rat brain cultures
Mitochondria play a key role in cell homeostasis and are the first cell organells affected by ionizing irradiation, as it was proved by previous electron microscopic investigations. In order to observe functional parameters of mitochondria after low-dose irradiation, primary rat brain cultures (prepared from 15-day-old rat fetuses) were irradiated from a [sup 60]Co-source with 0.5 and 1 Gy at the age of 2 or 7 days in vitro (div). Cytofluorescence measurement was made by a Cytofluor[sup [trademark]2350] using Rhodamine 123. This fluorescent dye is positively charged and accumulates specifically in the mitochondria of living cells without cytotoxic effect. Since its retention depends on the negative membrane potential as well as the proton gradient that exists across the inner mitochondrial membrane, Rhodamine 123 accumulation reflects the status of mitochondrial activity as a whole. After irradiation with 0.5 and 1 Gy on day 2 in culture there was a decrease in Rhodamine uptake in the irradiated cultures during the first week after the irradiation insult which reached minimum values after 3 days. Rhodamine uptake increased during the following period and finally reached the values of the control cultures. In the second experiment with irradiated cultures on day 7 and the same doses of 0.5 and 1 Gy the accumulation of Rhodamine decreased only initially then increased tremendously. After both doses values of Rhodamine-accumulation were higher than the control level. The results demonstrated that irradiation caused a change in mitochondrial activity depending on the time of irradiation. The dramatic increase over the control levels after irradiation on day 7 in vitro is attributed to the fact that at this time synapses have already developed. Deficiency of mitochondrial activity as well as hyperactivity and the consequent change in energy production may lead to changes in neuronal metabolism including an increase in production of free radicals.
Cervos-Navarro, J.; Hamdorf, G. (Free Univ., Berlin (Germany))
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
This spectacular, full-color image of the Earth is a composite of the first full day of data gathered by the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard NASA's Terra spacecraft. MODIS collected the data for each wavelength of red, green, and blue light as Terra passed over the daylit side of the Earth on April 19, 2000. Terra is orbiting close enough to the Earth so that it cannot quite see the entire surface in a day, resulting in the narrow gaps around the equator. Although the sensor's visible channels were combined to form this true-color picture, MODIS collects data in a total of 36 wavelengths, ranging from visible to thermal infrared energy. Scientists use these data to measure regional and global-scale changes in marine and land-based plant life, sea and land surface temperatures, cloud properties, aerosols, fires, and land surface properties. Notice how cloudy the Earth is, and the large differences in brightness between clouds, deserts, oceans, and forests. The Antarctic, surrounded by clockwise swirls of cloud, is shrouded in darkness because the sun is north of the equator at this time of year. The tropical forests of Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America are shrouded by clouds. The bright Sahara and Arabian deserts stand out clearly. Green vegetation is apparent in the southeast United States, the Yucatan Peninsula, and Madagascar. Image by Mark Gray, MODIS Atmosphere Team, NASA GSFC
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this fourteenth day of the STS-90 mission, the flight crew, Cmdr. Richard A. Searfoss, Pilot Scott D. Altman, and Mission Specialists Richard M. Linnehan, Dafydd Rhys Williams and Kathryn P. Hire, and Payload Specialists Jay C. Buckey and James A. Pawelczyk focus on the efforts of Neurolab's Neuronal Plasticity Team to better understand how the adult nervous system adapts to the new environment of space. Columbia's science crew -- Mission Specialists Rick Linnehan and Dave Williams and Payload Specialists Jay Buckey and Jim Pawelczyk -- perform the second and final in-flight dissections of the adult male rats on board. The crew euthanizes and dissects nine rats and remove the vestibular or balance organs of the inner ear; the cerebellum, the part of the brain critical for maintaining balance and for processing information from the limbs so they can be moved smoothly; and the cerebrum, one part of which controls automatic functions such as body temperature regulation and the body's internal clock, and the cortical region that controls cognitive functions such as thinking. The first dissection, which was performed on the second day of the flight, went extremely well, according to Neurolab scientists.
Positive blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosing bacteraemia and fungaemia, yet there is significant variability in aspects of performing and interpreting the test in children and neonates. Processing a blood culture can take several days, and includes use of semi-automated incubation with growth detection and a broad range of laboratory techniques such as Gram staining, phenotypic or molecular identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing on a cultured isolate. Sensitivity and specificity of a blood culture and time-to-positivity depend on a number of factors related to host/pathogen interaction, collection and transport of the specimen to the laboratory and methods employed to process the specimen. Interpretation of a positive result relies on correlation of the identity of the cultured microorganism with the clinical assessment of the child. PMID:24334340
De, Surjo Kiran; Shetty, Nandini; Kelsey, Michael
[Bi-layer hernioplasty in day surgery].
Nowadays the modern surgical techniques of hernia repair highly consider not only the decrease of the recurrence rate, but also a fast recovery, minimal postoperative pain and low costs of this type of surgery. This paper presents the preliminary results of a study performed on 41 patients diagnosed with inguinal hernia and operated under local anesthesia, as day surgery cases, during 2004-2006. The selection of the patients was performed under the "Guidelines and Standards for Day Surgery in Australia". We used local "step by step" anesthesia with a solution of 20 ml of lydocaine 1%, 20 ml of marcaine 0.5% and and 20 ml of NaCl 0.9%. The surgical procedure based on the sutureless technique "Gilbert", implied the placement of two polypropylene meshes: one of them introduced through the deep inguinal ring, and the other one in the inguinal channel, minimally fixed. We studied: intraoperative comfort and postoperative pain of the patients, problems related to the surgical technique, the operative time, complications and the recurrence rate. The follow-up period was 14 months. 85.36% of the patients had a very good intraoperative comfort, and only 14.64 % of them needed supplementary intravenous analgesia; none of the patients needed conversion to general anesthesia. The mean operative time was 65 minutes. The complications were: seroma (3 patients) and hematoma (1 patient), all of them treated conservatively. No recurrence was noticed. From this preliminary study it seems that the surgical treatment of the inguinal hernia with double polypropylene mesh, under local anesthesia and as day surgery is feasible and secure. The minimal postoperative complications and the patients' satisfaction show that the new concept of day surgery must be promoted in our surgery clinics. However, we must emphasize that, in order to obtain good results on a larger scale, certain measures are mandatory, such as: organizing a special area and circuits for day surgery, nursing at home, precise inform of the patients (video samples), the use of modern communication (internet) with patients. PMID:17966941
Turculet, Cl; Feodor, T; Dinescu, G; Petric?, R; R?dulescu, S; Beuran, M
Localization of Period 1 mRNA in the ruminant oocyte and investigations of its role in ovarian function.
The clock gene Period 1 (Per1) may be a prolificacy gene, because it localized to the mouse oocyte and Per1-null drosophila shed fewer eggs. Because Per1 mapped to a region of mouse chromosome 11 syntenic to bovine chromosome 19 where a quantitative trait loci (QTL) for ovulation rate existed, we hypothesized that Per1 influenced folliculogenesis and ovulation rate in ruminants. Ovarian cortex was collected at slaughter on days 5, 12, 15, 17, and 20 after estrus for real-time RT-PCR evaluation of Per1 mRNA expression in Dorset (n = 18), Romanov (n = 10), Romanov/Dorset (n = 21), and Composite (n = 22) ewes. Ovarian cortex was also collected from cows selected for increased ovulation rate (n=37) or unselected controls (n = 28) on days 4, 5, and 6 of the estrous cycle for in situ hybridization and real-time RT-PCR. To examine the role of Per1 in early follicular development, ovarian cortex from neonatal calves (n = 5) was cultured for 10 days and Per1 mRNA levels were measured on day 0 and on day 10 of culture. The primers generated a 483bp amplicon with 100% sequence homology to bovine RIGUI-like protein (Per1). In silico mapping of this sequence placed Per1 on bovine chromosome 19; however, it was 20cM from the QTL. Per1 mRNA expression was unaffected by prolificacy, day of the cycle, or pregnancy status in ewes or cows. The riboprobe hybridized to oocytes of bovine preantral and antral follicles. In bovine ovarian cortical cultures on day 0, the tissue contained mostly primordial follicles (5.6+/-0.6 follicles/section); however, after 10 days in culture, the number of primordial follicles per section decreased (0.5 follicles/section) and the number of primary follicles increased as follicles activated (day 0 = 0.5+/- 0.6 versus day 10 = 10.4 +/-0.6 primary follicles/section; P < 0.001). Per1 mRNA did not change over time in culture. We conclude that Per1 mRNA is expressed by ruminant oocytes in preantral and antral follicles; however, its physiological role in mammalian ovarian function remains to be elucidated. PMID:16787718
Cushman, R A; Allan, M F; Jones, S A; Rupp, G P; Echternkamp, S E
Statistical Software Periodic Screening Evaluation (Written by Stuart G. Baker) New Approach (Simplified Approximation): See Baker SG. Evaluating periodic cancer screening without a randomized control group: a simplified design and analysis. In: Duffy
Periodic Motion - The Pendulum
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The objective of this activity is to teach students the concept of periodic motion and relate it to the movement of a pendulum. Students use different sized, colored bobs to test the effect of amplitude on period.
Lojkutz, Deborah
Renal epithelia in long term gradient culture for biomaterial testing and tissue engineering.
In the organism epithelia perform perfect barrier functions. Strong rheological and mechanical influences constitute the normal environment of this tissue throughout life. Most epithelia are exposed to different fluids at the luminal and basal sides. To obtain realistic information about tissue development in modern biomaterial testing and tissue engineering it is necessary to mimick the natural environment of epithelia. Cultured cells are brought in contact with an artificial extracellular matrix to determine whether proper development into a functional epithelium occurs. As under natural conditions the cultures have to withstand mechanical and fluid stress over a prolonged period of time in close contact to a selected biomaterial. However, development of tissue-specific features such as polarization, tightness and transport under in vitro conditions will only occur, if the biomaterial and the culture conditions support tissue development. Leakage, edge damage and pressure differences during culture have to be avoided so that the natural functions of the growing epithelium can develop. Our aim is to generate functional epithelia derived from renal explants containing stem cells, which are microsurgically isolated and placed into specific O-ring carriers for optimal handling. The cells develop in combination with a collagenous matrix from an embryonic into a functional collecting duct (rCD) epithelium. To achieve optimal culture conditions the tissue is placed in a gradient culture container. A typical environment can be simulated by superfusing different culture media at the luminal and basal sides. Within days epithelia growing inside the gradient container build up a physiological barrier, which is maintained during the whole culture period. The described method allows to investigate the influence of new biomaterials over prolonged periods of time. PMID:15623930
Minuth, Will W; Schumacher, Karl; Strehl, Raimund
Culturally Responsive Teaching: Understanding Disability Culture
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
To be culturally responsive teachers, we must first have an understanding of other cultures and how students from these cultures differ from one another. As we consider the many cultures represented in our classrooms, we might also consider students with disabilities as a cultural group. Within any main culture are subgroups differentiated by�
Darrow, Alice-Ann
Alternative Shopping Places: Periodic Markets in ¸stanbul
This paper investigates the spatial and temporal characteristics of periodic markets ( pazar ) in �stanbul, by means of analyzing the behavioral patterns of sellers and buyers. Periodic markets have their own products, their own ways of marketing, their own architecture and their own olfactory characteristics. All these factors together create a local culture. some periodic markets have been operating
E. Umran Topcu
VHF radar studies of the equatorial electrojet 3-m irregularities over S�o Lu�s: day-to-day variabilities under auroral activity and quiet conditions
We have analyzed the data collected during an observational campaign of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) plasma irregularities using 50 MHz coherent back-scatter radar operated at S�o Lu�s, Brazil. The 7-day campaign were characterized by a disturbed 3-day period in the beginning followed by `quiet' days. A correlative analysis of the auroral electrojet (AE) indices and radar and magnetometer data are
Clezio M. Denardini; Mangalathayil A. Abdu; Jos� H. A. Sobral
NSDL National Science Digital Library
In the early 1970s, Paul Buhle and Dave Wagner began to think about creating a new and unique journal. They were both veterans of the journal Radical America, and they were both interested in popular culture. As August 1975 came around, they published the first issue of "Cultural Correspondence", a journal intended to serve as a critical review of popular culture. As the journal was published in Providence, it's not surprising to learn that the Brown University Library Center for Digital Initiatives (CDL) has created this most engaging archive of this publication. Visitors to the site can read the entire contents of each issue, browse around as they see fit, and also check out their virtual "Magazine Stand". First-time visitors may wish to start out by reading the Spring 1977 issue titled "Television".
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Somehow it is not surprising that a journal titled Postmodern Culture would find a home on the Internet, which itself is a bricoleur of many different forms and styles, akin to the very notion of postmodernism. Located online since 1990, Postmodern Culture "has become the leading electronic journal of interdisciplinary thought on contemporary cultures." The journal itself is published by The Johns Hopkins University Press, with assistance by the University of Virginia and Vassar College. Visitors to the site can browse the entire contents of the current volume, and may browse through the text-only archive, which is also made available here. The current edition contains pieces by Chris Bongie titled "Exiles on Main Stream: Valuing the Popularity of Postcolonial Literature" and a trenchant exchange by Leonard Wilcox and Brad Butterfield on "Baudrillard, September 11, and the Haunting Abyss of Reversal."
Genealogy of Periodic Trajectories.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The periodic solutions of non-integrable classical Hamiltonian systems with two degrees of freedom are numerically investigated. Curves of periodic families are given in plots of energy vs. period. Results are presented for this Hamiltonian: H = 1/2(p/sub...
M. A. M. de Adguiar C. P. Maldta E. J. V. de Passos
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The chemical elements present in the modern periodic table are arranged in terms of atomic numbers and chemical periodicity. Periodicity arises from quantum mechanical limitations on how many electrons can occupy various shells and subshells of an atom. The shell model of the atom predicts that a maximum of 2, 8, 18, and 32 electrons can occupy�
Hennigan, Jennifer N.; Grubbs, W. Tandy
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this forth day of the STS-88 mission, the flight crew, Commander Robert D. Cabana, Pilot Frederick W. Sturckow, and Mission Specialists Nancy J. Currie, James H. Newman, Jerry L. Ross, and Sergei are awakened to the sounds of "Somewhere Over the Rainbow," requested by Commander Bob Cabana's daughter, Sarah. With the three-story-high Unity connecting module latched upright in the shuttle's payload bay, Cabana takes manual control of the shuttle as it moves to within about a half-mile of Zarya. Cabana and Sturckow execute a sequence of maneuvers that will bring Endeavour directly above the module. Currie uses the robotic arm to capture the module. She then positions Zarya above Unity's docking mechanism.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The motto of this fine site is simple: "In science, beauty. In beauty, science. Daily". A more pure expression could not be found to describe this lovely site offered by the University of British Columbia's Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research. The site focuses on a different high-quality photograph every day, complete with background information. Visitors can also view the site's archives, which date back to April 2005 and browse previously featured photographs, which are divided into categories that include conifers, lichens, mosses, and natural landscapes. Visitors will also want to check out some of organization's resources, including The Garden Weblog and the online garden forums. Finally, the site also affords visitors the opportunity to download desktop wallpaper for their own computer.
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
On this third day of the STS-88 mission, the flight crew, Commander Robert D. Cabana, Pilot Frederick W. Sturckow, and Mission Specialists Nancy J. Currie, James H. Newman, Jerry L. Ross, and Sergei Krikalev check out the various tools they will use during the three scheduled spacewalks to be conducted later in the flight. They then begin an early set-up of the Shuttle's airlock in preparation for that first spacewalk. Newman and Russian cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev take