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Official dosimetry with personal electronic dosemeters--the framework in Germany.
In Germany, personal electronic dosemeters (AEPDs) are presently applied mainly for operational radiation protection monitoring particularly in nuclear power engineering companies, large hospitals and research centres. This is done in addition to the official dosimetry of record. Therefore, frequently, double monitoring occurs-officially and operationally. A crucial advantage of AEPDs compared with passive dosemeters is the ability to adapt the monitoring period to the working time in controlled areas and to allow an immediate readout of the dose after leaving the controlled area, e.g. a job-related monitoring is possible by correlating the readout dose with the job performed. Germany started a general research project, consisting of two parts, for an optimised implementation of personal electronic dosemeters into official dosimetry. The use of AEPDs as official dosemeters depends on an approval by Federal and Federal State ('Länder') authorities as an official dosimetry system, which has to comply with special requirements ensuring that the legal requirements are fulfilled. The formulation of these special requirements is in the focus of part one of the research project, supervised by the Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS) and performed by the Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) mbH. As a result of part one, a framework was developed which is the basis for a future technical implementation project. Part one is described in the paper, while part two is still to be initiated and will deal with the implementation and testing phase of the introduction of personal electronic dosemeters as official dosemeters. PMID:16987912
Czarwinski, R; Kaulard, J; Pfeffer, W
Personal photon dosemeter trial--Devonport Royal Dockyard.
To establish an understanding of the operational responses of various personal dosemeters employed at Devonport and to assess new types of dosemeters, a photon dosemeter trial was conducted. Most day-to-day exposure is to relatively low dose rates. Therefore the suitability of each dosemeter for use within the relatively low Devonport dose rate environment has been assessed. The Panasonic TLD demonstrated a good representation of the dose within the medium to higher gamma energy ranges with an unexpected under-response at lower energies. The optically stimulated luminescent dosemeter showed a varied response within a degraded (60)Co environment. With consistent under-response, the NRPB TLD and film badge were found to generally be unsuitable for sites such as Devonport. The Harshaw TLD demonstrated a good representation of the dose. The RADOS RAD80 and QFD fail to meet current best industry standards. However, the QFD is the only direct reading dosemeter suitable for use where intrinsically safe equipment is required. The RADOS RAD52 and SAIC PD 2i show a reasonable representation of the dose received but should be adjusted to read within an operational (60)Co environment. Direct ion storage and Thermo [corrected] electronic personal dosemeters showed good representations of the dose. Inherent characteristics combined with the associated systems led to the conclusion that these dosemeters should be employed for preference. PMID:15798276
Collison, Roger
State of the Art in Electronic Dosemeters for Neutrons
SciTech Connect
The paper presents an overview of electronic personal dosemeters for neutrons in mixed neutron/photon fields. The energy response of commercially available electronic dosemeters in quasi-monoenergetic neutron fields and their performance in working places is discussed. The response curves are extended to high-energy neutrons up to 100 MeV, new prototype dosemeters are described and discussed especially for use at high-energy accelerators and in space.
Luszik-Bhadra, Marlies [Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig (Germany)
Performance of the electronic personal dosemeter for neutron 'Saphydose-N' at different workplaces of nuclear facilities.
This paper mainly aims at presenting the measurements and the results obtained with the electronic personal neutron dosemeter Saphydose-N at different facilities. Three campaigns were led in the frame of the European contract EVIDOS ('Evaluation of Individual Dosimetry in Mixed Neutron and Photon Radiation Fields'). The first one consisted in the measurements at the IRSN French research laboratory in reference neutron fields generated by a thermal facility (SIGMA), radionuclide ISO sources ((241)AmBe; (252)Cf; (252)Cf(D(2)O)\\Cd) and a realistic spectrum (CANEL/T400). The second one was performed at the Krümmel Nuclear Power Plant (Germany) close to the boiling water reactor and to a spent fuel transport cask. The third one was realised at Mol (Belgium), at the VENUS Research Reactor and at Belgonucléaire, a fuel processing factory. PMID:16820401
Lahaye, T; Chau, Q; Ménard, S; Lacoste, V; Muller, H; Luszik-Bhadra, M; Reginatto, M; Bruguier, P
A method for evaluating personal dosemeters in workplace with neutron fields.
Passive detectors, as albedo or track-etch, still dominate the field of neutron personal dosimetry, mainly due to their low-cost, high-reliability and elevated throughput. However, the recent appearance in the market of electronic personal dosemeters for neutrons presents a new option for personal dosimetry. In addition to passive detectors, electronic personal dosemeters necessitate correction factors, concerning their energy and angular response dependencies. This paper reports on the results of a method to evaluate personal dosemeters for workplace where neutrons are present. The approach here uses few instruments and does not necessitate a large mathematical workload. Qualitative information on the neutron energy spectrum is acquired using a simple spectrometer (Nprobe), reference values for H*(10) are derived from measurements with ambient detectors (Studsvik, Berthold and Harwell) and angular information is measured using personal dosemeters (electronic and bubbles dosemeters) disposed in different orientations on a slab phantom. PMID:21565843
de Freitas Nascimento, Luana; Cauwels, Vanessa; Vanhavere, Filip
Evaluation of dose equivalent by the electronic personal dosemeter for neutron 'Saphydose-N' at different workplaces of nuclear facilities.
This paper presents the results of measurements made with the electronic personal neutron Saphydose-N during the four campaigns of the European contract EVIDOS (EValuation of Individual DOSimetry in mixed neutron and photon radiation fields). These measurements were performed at Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) in France (C0), at the Krümmel Nuclear Power Plant in Germany (C1), at the VENUS Research Reactor and the Belgonucléaire fuel processing plant in Belgium (C2) and at the Ringhals Nuclear Power Plant in Sweden (C3). The results for Saphydose-N are compared with reference values for dose equivalent. PMID:17110389
Chau, Q; Lahaye, T
Personal neutron dosimetry in nuclear power plants using etched track and albedo thermoluminescence dosemeters.
Measurement of the personal dose equivalent rates for neutrons is a difficult task because available dosemeters do not provide the required energy response and sensitivity. Furthermore, the available wide calibration spectra recommended by the International Standard Organisation does not reproduce adequately the spectra encountered in practical situations of the nuclear industry. There is a real necessity to characterise the radiation field, in which workers can be exposed, and to calibrate personal dosemeters in order to determine the dose equivalent in these installations. For this reason, we measure the neutron spectrum with our Bonner sphere system and we fold this spectrum with energy-dependent fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients to obtain the reference dose equivalent rate. This reference value is then compared with the personal dosemeter reading to determine a field-specific correction factor. In this paper, we present the values of this field-specific correction factor for etched track and albedo thermoluminescence dosemeters at three measurement locations inside the containment building of the Vandellňs II nuclear power plant. We have found that assigning to each personal dosemeter the mean value of the field-specific correction factors of the three measurement locations, allows the evaluation of neutron personal dose equivalent rate with a relative uncertainty of approximately 25 and 15% for the PADC and albedo dosemeters, respectively. PMID:15353734
Fernández, F; Bakali, M; Amgarou, K; Nourreddine, A; Mouhssine, D
Calibration of personal dosemeters in terms of the ICRU operational quantities
The International Commission on Radiological Units and Measurements (ICRU) has defined several new operational quantities for radiation protection purposes. The quantities to be used for personal monitoring are defined at depths in the human body. Because these quantities are impossible to measure directly, the ICRU has recommended that personal dosemeters should be calibrated under simplified conditions on an appropriate phantom, such as the ICRU sphere. The US personal dosimetry accreditation programs make use of a 30 {times} 30 {times} 15 cm polymethymethacrylate (PMMA) phantom, therefore it is necessary to relate the response of dosemeters calibrated on this phantom to the ICRU operational quantities. Calculations of the conversion factors to compute dosemeter response in terms of the operational quantities have been performed using the code MCNP. These calculations have also been compared to experimental measurements using thermoluminescent (TLD) detectors.
McDonald, J.C. (Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)); Hertel, N.E. (Texas Univ., Austin, TX (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Engineering)
Evaluating the uncertainty in measurement of occupational exposure with personal dosemeters.
In the 1990 Recommendations of the ICRP it is stated that an uncertainty in a dose measured with a personal dosemeter under workplace conditions of a factor 1.5 in either direction 'will not be unusual'. In many documents similar to the EU Technical recommendations, the IAEA Safety Guides and papers in scientific journals, this statement is understood to be a basis for developing type-test criteria and criteria for the approval of dosimetric systems. The methods for evaluating the standard uncertainty as proposed in the above mentioned documents and in national and international standards use an approach that is based on the Law of Propagation of Uncertainties (LPU). This approach needs a number of assumptions, the validity of which cannot easily be verified for personal dosemeters. The current paper presents a numerical method based on Monte Carlo simulation for the calculation phase of the evaluation of uncertainties. The results of applying the method on the type-test data of the NRG TL-dosemeter indicate that the combined standard uncertainty estimated using the LPU approach might well not be realistic. The numerical method is simple and can be precisely formulated, making it suitable for being part of approval or accreditation procedures. PMID:17261535
van Dijk, J W E
Dissolution behaviour of 238U, 234U and 230Th deposited on filters from personal dosemeters.
Kinetics of dissolution of (238)U, (234)U and (230)Th dust deposited on filters from personal alpha dosemeters was studied by means of a 26-d in vitro dissolution test with a serum ultrafiltrate simulant. Dosemeters had been used by miners at the uranium mine 'Dolní Rozínka' at Rozná, Czech Republic. The sampling flow-rate as declared by the producer is 4 l h(-1) and the sampling period is typically 1 month. Studied filters contained 125 +/- 6 mBq (238)U in equilibrium with (234)U and (230)Th; no (232)Th series nuclides were found. Half-time of rapid dissolution of 1.4 d for (238)U and (234)U and slow dissolution half-times of 173 and 116 d were found for (238)U and (234)U, respectively. No detectable dissolution of (230)Th was found. PMID:17974580
Becková, Vera; Malátová, Irena
Dose evaluation in criticality accidents using response of Panasonic TL personal dosemeters (UD-809/UD-802).
This study gives the results of dosimetry measurements carried out in the Silčne reactor at Valduc (France) with neutron and photon personal thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs) in mixed neutron and gamma radiation fields, in the frame of the international accident dosimetry intercomparison programme in 2002. The intercomparison consisted of a series of three irradiation scenarios. The scenarios took place at the Valduc site (France) by using the Silčne experimental reactor. For neutron and photon dosimetry, Panasonic model UD-809 and UD-802 personal TLDs were used together. PMID:22389154
Zeyrek, C T; Gündüz, H
Performance of a personal neutron dosemeter based on direct ion storage at workplace fields in the nuclear industry.
In the framework of the EVIDOS project, funded by the EC, measurements were carried out using dosemeters, based on ionisation chambers with direct ion storage (DIS-N), at several workplace fields, namely, at a fuel processing plant, a boiling and a pressurised water reactor, and near transport and storage casks. The measurements and results obtained with the DIS-N in these workplaces, which are representative for the nuclear industry, are described in this study. Different dosemeter configurations of converter and shielding materials were considered. The results are compared with values for personal dose equivalent which were assessed within the EVIDOS project by other partners. The advantages and limitations of the DIS-N dosemeter are discussed. PMID:17110388
Boschung, M; Fiechtner, A; Wernli, C
Portable transfer digital dosemeter for beam output measurements with X and gamma rays, electrons and neutrons.
This instrument was developed in response to a requirement for an accurate, stable and portable transfer dosemeter for calibration, at therapy dose levels, of equipment used for generating X and gamma rays, electrons and neutrons. The detector is a 0.5 cm3 ionization chamber capable of fitting various wall materials reproducibly at the end of the chamber stem. The measuring system uniquely combines the features of a MOSFET electrometer and an automatic Townsend balance. When used for X, gamma and neutron radiations, the instrument measures the tissue kerma in free air on two ranges: 0.001 - 1.999 Gy (0.1 - 199.9 rad) and 0.01 - 19.99 Gy (1 - 1999 rad) or their exposure equivalents, with autoranging feature when the first range is exceeded. The polarizing voltage (180 V) can be reversed for electron and neutron dosimetry. The dosemeter has a measuring accuracy of +/- 0.2% FS +/- 1 digit and operates on four 1.5 V torchlight cells or on AC mains (200-250 V, 50 - 60 Hz). It utilizes solid state devices, CMOS integrated circuits and displays, and is not affected by RF fields. The instrument is enclosed in a brief-case for portability and is easy to operate and maintain in a hospital. PMID:7225720
Sankaran, A; Gokarn, R S; Gangadharan, P
The use of Lithium Flouride Thermoluminescent Dosemeters to measure the Dose Distribution of a 15 MeV Electron Beam
Microsoft Academic Search
A comparison was made of the central axis depth-dose curves obtained for 15 MeV electrons using an ion chamber and LiF dosemeters. The two uncorrected curves were very similar and gave the same depth-dose curves within experimental limits. Corrections that must be made to the LiF curve for energy and dose dependence and to the ion chamber readings for the
Peter R Almond; Ann Wright; J. F. Lontz II
The implementation in routine of the ENEA new personal photon dosemeter.
The ENEA photon dosemeter, introduced in 1995, consisting of two differently filtrated LiF(Mg,Cu,P) detectors, has been modified recently. The ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) plastic support has been replaced by a new aluminium card supporting the same two detectors (LiF(Mg,Cu,P) GR200). The new card, fully developed at the ENEA-Radiation Protection Institute (which is going to be patented), can now be processed through a Harshaw Model 6600 Automated TLD Reader, a hot gas reader. This paper reports the results of the individual calibration of approximately 60,000 LiF(Mg,Cu,P) GR200 detectors inserted on the new aluminium cards. Before the implementation in routine of the new cards, the reader has been characterised. Steps and tests to be made to use the card in routine (i.e. reader stability, linearity, reproducibility, etc.) are reported. The whole dosimetric system now combines the very good performances of the Harshaw Model 6600 reader and that of LiF(Mg,Cu,P) thermoluminescent material. PMID:16644988
Fantuzzi, E; Mariotti, F; Morelli, B; Uleri, G
Relative response of alanine dosemeters for high-energy electrons determined using a Fricke primary standard.
A significant proportion of cancer patients is treated using MeV electron radiation. One of the measurement methods which is likely to furnish reliable dose values also under non-reference conditions is the dosimetry using alanine and read-out via electron spin resonance (ESR). The system has already proven to be suitable for QA purposes for modern radiotherapy involving megavoltage x-rays. In order to render the secondary standard measurement system of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt based on alanine/ESR useable for dosimetry in radiotherapy, the dose-to-water (D(W)) response of the dosemeter needs to be known for relevant radiation qualities. For MeV electrons, the D(W) response was determined using the Fricke primary standard of the Swiss Federal Office of Metrology. Since there were no citable detailed publications on the Swiss primary standard available, this measurement system is described in some detail. The experimental results for the D(W) response are compared to results of Monte Carlo simulations which model in detail the beams furnished by the electron accelerator as well as the geometry of the detectors. The agreement between experiment and simulation is very good, as well as the agreement with results published by the National Research Council of Canada which are based on a different primary standard. No significant dependence of the D(W) response was found in the range between 6 and 20?MeV. It is therefore suggested to use a unique correction factor k(E) for alanine for all MeV qualities of k(E) = 1.012 ± 0.010. PMID:22349609
Vörös, Sándor; Anton, Mathias; Boillat, Bénédicte
Analysis of neutron and photon response of a TLD-ALBEDO personal dosemeter on an ISO slab phantom using TRIPOLI-4.3 Monte Carlo code.
TRIPOLI-4.3 Monte Carlo transport code has been used to evaluate the QUADOS (Quality Assurance of Computational Tools for Dosimetry) problem P4, neutron and photon response of an albedo-type thermoluminescence personal dosemeter (TLD) located on an ISO slab phantom. Two enriched 6LiF and two 7LiF TLD chips were used and they were protected, in front or behind, with a boron-loaded dosemeter-holder. Neutron response of the four chips was determined by counting 6Li(n,t)4He events using ENDF/B-VI.4 library and photon response by estimating absorbed dose (MeV g(-1)). Ten neutron energies from thermal to 20 MeV and six photon energies from 33 keV to 1.25 MeV were used to study the energy dependence. The fraction of the neutron and photon response owing to phantom backscatter has also been investigated. Detailed TRIPOLI-4.3 solutions are presented and compared with MCNP-4C calculations. PMID:16381740
Lee, Y K
A new, passive dosemeter for gamma, beta and neutron radiations
The Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) provides personal radiation dosimetry to the UK Ministry of Defence. Dstl has recently developed a dosemeter that is based on a combination of thermoluminescent and etched-track detectors. The Dstl Combined Dosemeter is capable of assessing doses due to photons, beta particles and neutrons. This paper presents the laboratory type testing results for the
L. A. Jones; R. P. Stokes
Energy response of different types of RADOS personal dosemeters with MTS-N (LiF:Mg,Ti) and MCP-N (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) TL detectors.
The photon energy response of different RADOS (Mirion Technologies) personal dosemeters with MTS-N (LiF:Mg,Ti) and MCP-N (LiF:Mg,Cu,P) thermoluminescence (TL) detectors was investigated. Three types of badges were applied. The irradiation with reference photon radiation qualities N (the narrow spectrum series), and S-Cs and S-Co nuclide radiation qualities, specified in ISO 4037 [International Organization for Standardization (ISO). X and gamma reference radiations for calibrating dosemeters and doserate meters and for determining their response as a function of photon energy. ISO 4037. Part 1-4 (1999)], in the energy range of 16-1250 keV, were performed at the Dosimetry Laboratory Seibersdorf. The results demonstrated that a readout of a single MTS-N or MCP-N detector under the Al filter can be used to determine Hp(10) according to requirements of IEC 61066 [International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Thermoluminescence dosimetry systems for personal and environmental monitoring. International Standard IEC 61066 (2006)] for TL systems for personal dosimetry. The new RADOS badge with the experimental type of a holder (i.e. Cu/Al filters) is a very good tool for identifying the radiation quality (photon energy). PMID:21227957
Obryk, B; Hranitzky, C; Stadtmann, H; Budzanowski, M; Olko, P
A new, passive dosemeter for gamma, beta and neutron radiations.
The Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) provides personal radiation dosimetry to the UK Ministry of Defence. Dstl has recently developed a dosemeter that is based on a combination of thermoluminescent and etched-track detectors. The Dstl Combined Dosemeter is capable of assessing doses due to photons, beta particles and neutrons. This paper presents the laboratory type testing results for the Combined Dosemeter, and also describes the procedure for calibrating the dosemeter for use in workplace neutron fields. The Combined Dosemeter meets the type test requirements that are relevant to its intended applications, and gives neutron doses that are within 50% of the true dose in the workplaces in which it is used, even when the wearer has the potential to be exposed to a variety of neutron spectra (e.g. on board nuclear-powered submarines). PMID:21346288
Jones, L A; Stokes, R P
Eyewear-based displays for personal electronics
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
This paper addresses the development of eyewear based displays for portable, personal electronics. The personal electronic system applications include the wearable personal computer, portable digital video disk player, and the cellular telephone. We describe progress on integrated eyewear systems, as well as on clip-on systems that can attach to ordinary eyewear. We conclude with a short description of a system that will include a camera, display, and audio system.
Spitzer, Mark B.; Zavracky, Paul M.; Holzel, Tom; Rensing, Noa M.; Hockman, Angela H.; Aquilino, P. D.; McClelland, Robert W.; Zardeskas, J.
Comparing different error-conditions in film dosemeter evaluation.
In the evaluation of a film used as a personal dosemeter it may be necessary to mark the dosemeters when possible error-conditions are recognised, such as errors that have an influence on the ability to make a correct evaluation of the dose value. In this project a comparison has been carried out to examine how two individual monitoring services, IMS [National Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Denmark (NIRH) and National Research Centre for Environment and Health, Germany (GSF)], from two different EU countries mark their dosemeters. The IMS are different in size, type of customers and issuing period, but both use films as their primary dosemeters. The error-conditions examined are dosemeters exposed to moisture or light, contaminated dosemeters, films exposed outside the badge, missing filters in the badge, films inserted incorrectly in the badge and dosemeters not returned or returned too late to the IMS. The data are collected for the year 2003 where NIRH evaluated approximately 50,000 and GSF approximately 1.4 million film dosemeters. The percentage of film dosemeters is calculated for each error-condition as well as the distribution among eight different employee categories, i.e. medicine, nuclear medicine, nuclear industry, industry, radiography, laboratories, veterinary and others. It turned out, that incorrect insertion of the film in the badge was the most common error-condition observed at both IMS and that veterinarians, as the employee category, generally have the highest number of errors. NIRH has a significantly higher relative number of dosemeters in most error-conditions than GSF, which perhaps reflects that a comparison is difficult due to different systemic and methodical differences between the IMS and countries, e.g. regulations and monitoring programs etc. Also the non-existence of a common categorisation method for employee categories contributes to make a comparison like this difficult. PMID:17846026
Roed, H; Figel, M
49 CFR 220.305 - Use of personal electronic devices.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
...2013-10-01 false Use of personal electronic devices. 220.305 Section 220...TRANSPORTATION RAILROAD COMMUNICATIONS Electronic Devices § 220.305 Use of personal electronic devices. A railroad operating...
Quantitative evaluation of personal exposure to UV radiation of workers and general public.
Due to meteorological conditions variability and to the variability of exposure patterns, which can be largely different during a working day, personal dosemeters use can be necessary to obtain a correct quantitative evaluation of the radiation dose absorbed by an exposed worker. Different classes of personal dosemeters exist and, among them, electronic dosemeters and polysulphone film dosemeters. An experimental campaign is presented conduced in a cultivated area of Tuscany and some aspects are discussed about an experimental campaign performed on a population of volunteers on a central Italy beach near Rome. The aim of the present work is to show some relevant issues in a dosimetric approach to the exposure evaluation of outdoor workers and, in general, of the public during recreational activities. PMID:19841017
Sisto, R; Borra, M; Casale, G R; Militello, A; Siani, A M
Recent results of irradiations of DIS-1 dosemeters with an XR200 X-ray flash unit.
Earlier measurements have revealed that active electronic dosemeters have deficiencies in pulsed fields of ionising radiation due to the counting technique used. The DIS-1 dosemeter uses a promising technology, which should be basically suitable for measurements in pulsed fields. In this paper, first measurements with the DIS-1 dosemeter at an X-ray flash generator XR200 with pulse durations of ?115 ns and doses per pulse of a few microsievert are shown. PMID:23075930
Zutz, H; Hupe, O
75 FR 45696 - Pipeline Safety: Personal Electronic Device Related Distractions
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
...DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration...Docket No. PHMSA-2010-0194] Pipeline Safety: Personal Electronic Device Related Distractions AGENCY: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety...
High-energy response of passive dosemeters in use at LANL.
The high-energy neutron response of three passive dosemeters in use at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has been investigated using metrology-grade fields. The dosemeters include the LANL Model 8823 TLD badge and the LANL PN3 track etch device. Both are dosemeters of record at LANL. The third device was the Personal Neutron Dosemeter (PND), a superheated emulsion device, manufactured by Bubble Technology Industries, Inc. (BTI). The response of the three dosemeters at neutron energies exceeding 10 MeV was assessed with monoenergetic neutrons at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt facility (14.8 and 19 MeV). For the sake of completeness, data collected at lower energies are also included in this study. High-energy quasi-monoenergetic beams produced by the cyclotron facilities at the Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) and the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) were also utilised as part of this study. These measurements were made to better understand and help interpret dosemeter readings obtained by workers at high-energy accelerators, such as the 800 MeV spallation neutron source facility located at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). PMID:17522036
Olsher, Richard H; McLean, Thomas D; Mallett, Michael W; Romero, Leonard L; Devine, Robert T; Hoffman, Jeffrey M
32 CFR 806b.29 - Sending personal information over electronic mail.
...Sending personal information over electronic mail. 806b.29 Section 806b.29 National...Sending personal information over electronic mail. (a) Exercise caution before transmitting personal information over e-mail to ensure it is adequately...
17 CFR 232.100 - Persons and entities subject to mandated electronic filing.
...false Persons and entities subject to mandated electronic filing. 232.100 Section 232.100 Commodity...REGULATION S-T-GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR ELECTRONIC FILINGS Electronic Filing Requirements § 232.100 Persons...
Self-indicating radiation alert dosemeter (SIRAD).
In an event of a nuclear or dirty bomb explosion and a radiological accident, there is a need for self-indicating instant radiation dosemeter for monitoring radiation exposure. The self-indicating instant radiation alert dosemeter (SIRAD) is a credit card size radiation dosemeter for monitoring ionising radiation from a few hundredths of a Gray to a few Gray. It is always active and is ready to use. It needs no battery. The dosemeter develops colour instantly upon exposure, and the colour intensifies with dose. It has a colour chart so that the dose on the active element may be read by matching its colour with the chart that is printed next to it on the card. However, in this work, the dose is measured by the optical density of the element. The dosemeter cannot be reset. The response changes by <1% per degrees C from -20 to +60 degrees C. The shelf-life is >3 y at room temperature. It contains no hazardous materials. The dosemeter would meet the requirements of instantly monitoring high dose in an event of a nuclear or dirty bomb explosion or a radiation accident. PMID:16565203
Riel, Gordon K; Winters, Patrick; Patel, Gordhan; Patel, Paresh
A catalogue of dosemeters and dosimetric services within Europe--an update.
The catalogue of dosemeters and dosimetric services within the European Union (EU) Member States and Switzerland that was issued by EURADOS in the year 2000 has been updated and extended with information on dosimetric services in the new EU Member States and Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, and Ukraine. The total number of dosimetric services in these European countries is now estimated to be about 200. The present catalogue is based on information collected from 90 European dosimetric services, among which 34 questionnaires from 32 services were obtained over the years 2001-2004 for the first time. This article assesses and updates the present use of personal dosemeters and the extent to which occupationally exposed persons in Europe are monitored with dosemeters able to measure the operational quantity-personal dose equivalent, H(P)(d). The perspective of joining EU by the new countries accelerated the implementation of the EU Basic Safety Standard Directive to their national regulations. As a result, all newly investigated services reported their ability to measure H(P)(d). The catalogue provides information on the dosemeters, dose calculation and background subtraction algorithms, calibration methods, energy and angular response, and performance. PMID:15574986
Lopez Ponte, M A; Castellani, C M; Currivan, L; VanDijk, J W E; Falk, R; Olko, P; Wernli, C
Retrospective dosimetry with alumina substrate from electronic components.
Alumina substrate can be found in electronic components used in portable electronic devices. The material is radiation sensitive and can be applied in dosimetry using thermally or optically stimulated luminescence. Electronic portable devices such as mobile phones, USB flash discs, mp3 players, etc., which are worn close to the body, can represent personal dosemeters for members of the general public in situations of large-scale radiation accidents or malevolent acts with radioactive materials. This study investigated dosimetric properties of alumina substrates and aspects of using mobile phones as personal dosemeters. The alumina substrates exhibited favourable dosimetry characteristics. However, anomalous fading had to be properly corrected in order to achieve sufficient precision in dose estimate. Trial dose reconstruction performed by means of two mobile phones proved that mobile phones can be used for reconstruction of personal doses. PMID:21964904
Ekendahl, Daniela; Judas, Libor
Personal Electronic Devices and Their Interference with Aircraft Systems
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A compilation of data on personal electronic devices (PEDs) attributed to having created anomalies with aircraft systems. Charts and tables display 14 years of incidents reported by pilots to the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS). Affected systems, incident severity, sources of anomaly detection, and the most frequently identified PEDs are some of the more significant data. Several reports contain incidents of aircraft off course when all systems indicated on course and of critical events that occurred during landings and takeoffs. Additionally, PEDs that should receive priority in testing are identified.
Ross, Elden; Ely, Jay J. (Technical Monitor)
The applicability of radiophotoluminescence dosemeter (RPLD) for measuring medical radiation (MR) doses.
The applicability of radiophotoluminescence dosimetry was determined by assessing various radiophotoluminescence dosemeter (RPLD) properties for measuring medical radiation doses from radiation sources of a continuous spectrum. The RPLD was found to be accurate for measuring doses in diagnostics (50-125 keV) and radiation therapy (6, 10 and 18 MV photons, 6 and 15 MeV electrons). The RPLD shows excellent dose linearity (R(2) > 0.99), reproducibility and batch uniformity, and minimal fading and accurate accumulated dose measurement. The dosemeter material is independent of photon energy in the diagnostic range; however, the dosemeter requires additional calibration in the mammography energy range and also for accurate dose measurement with photon or electron energies in radiation therapy. RPLD measurements with a tin filter show considerable angular dependence at angles exceeding 50° between the photon beam and the normal to the long axis of the dosemeter. The RPLD measurement accuracy at high doses can be improved with optimised pre-heating schemes. PMID:22232778
Manninen, A-L; Koivula, A; Nieminen, M T
The Cradle Coast personally controlled electronic health record evaluation research.
In 2010 the Federal Government announced funding over two years to create a Personally Controlled Electronic Health Record (PCEHR) for Australians. One of the wave 2 implementation sites is the Cradle Coast in Tasmania. A PCEHR Program Benefits and Evaluation Partner (BEP) has been appointed to undertake evaluation activities with the e-health lead implementation sites. In addition to this implementation a comprehensive research plan has been developed and commenced through the Rural Clinical School at the University of Tasmania. The overarching aim of the research agenda is to evaluate the outcomes of various elements of the 4C project as it evolves and is implemented, from multiple perspectives. The research agenda is important as it expands upon the NEHTA mandated evaluation and provides an holistic overview of the PCEHR implementation process and outcomes for clinicians, patients and family members. This paper will detail the planned evaluation and its progress to date. PMID:22797013
Cummings, Elizabeth; Cheek, Colleen; Van Der Ploeg, Winifred; Orpin, Peter; Behrens, Heidi; Condon, Sharon; Jaffray, Linda; Ellis, Isabelle; Ringeisen Arnold, Barbara; Brogan, Robyn; Skinner, Timothy
Personal health records as portal to the electronic medical record.
This topic review discusses the evolving clinical challenges associated with the implementation of electronic personal health records (PHR) that are fully integrated with electronic medical records (EMR). The benefits of facilitating patient access to the EMR through web-based, PHR-portals may be substantial; foremost is the potential to enhance the flow of information between patient and healthcare practitioner. The benefits of improved communication and transparency of care are presumed to be a reduction in clinical errors, increased quality of care, better patient-management of disease, and better disease and symptom comprehension. Yet PHR databases allow patients open access to newly-acquired clinical data without the benefit of concurrent expert clinical interpretation, and therefore may create the potential for greater patient distress and uncertainty. With specific attention to neuro-oncology patients, this review focuses on the developing conflicts and consequences associated with the use of a PHR that parallels data acquisition of the EMR in real-time. We conclude with a discussion of recommendations for implementing fully-integrated PHR for neuro-oncology patients. PMID:24477621
Cahill, Jennifer E; Gilbert, Mark R; Armstrong, Terri S
75 FR 15413 - Approval for Processing Authority, Foreign-Trade Zone 196, ATC Logistics & Electronics (Personal...
...Processing Authority, Foreign-Trade Zone 196, ATC Logistics & Electronics (Personal Navigation Devices), Fort Worth, Texas Pursuant...adopts the following Order: Whereas, ATC Logistics & Electronics, an operator of Foreign-Trade Zone 196, has...
Emergency Dosimetry Using Ceramic Components in Personal Electronic Devices
The rapid assessment of radiation dose to members of the public exposed to significant levels of ionizing radiation during a radiological incident presents a significant difficulty in the absence of planned radiation monitoring. However, within most personal electronic devices components such as resistors with alumina substrates can be found that have potentially suitable properties as solid state dosimeters using luminescence measurement techniques. The suitability of several types of ceramic-based components (e.g., resonators, inductors and resistors) has been previously examined using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) techniques to establish their basic characteristics for the retrospective determination of absorbed dose. In this paper, we present results obtained with aluminum oxide surface mount resistors extracted from mobile phones that further extend this work. Very encouraging results have been obtained related to the measurement of luminescence sensitivity, dose response, reusability, limit of detection, signal reproducibility and known-dose recovery. However, the alumina exhibits a rapid loss of the latent luminescence signal with time following irradiation attributed to athermal (or anomalous) fading. The issues related to obtaining a reliable correction protocol for this loss and the detailed examinations required of the fading behavior are discussed.
Kouroukla, E. C.; Bailiff, I. K.; Terry, I.
The use of TLD-700H dosemeters in the assessment of external doses at the former Semipalatinsk nuclear test site.
The joint projects performed since 1995 by the Jülich Research Centre in co-operation with the Kazakh National Nuclear Centre in the area of the former nuclear test site near Semipalatinsk, in eastern Kazakhstan, have assessed the current dose rate of the population at and around the test site, as well as determining retrospectively the dose rate of persons affected by the atmospheric tests. Measurements of the population by personal dosemeters depend on reliably wearing these dosemeters over prolonged periods of time, and of a sufficient dosemeter return. In the past, such measurements have been particularly successful whenever short wearing times were possible. This requires high sensitivity of the dosemeters. The suitability of the highly sensitive TLD material of the BICRON TLD 700H type for such personal dosimetry measurements was investigated. It was tested in practical field application at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site in September 2000. Initial results are available from individual doses received by a group of geologists and a group of herdsmen at the test site. For the first time, the individual dose was measured directly in these population groups. Detection limits below 1 microSv permit informative measurements for wearing times of less than two weeks. Most individual doses did not arise significantly out of local fluctuations of natural background. A conservative assessment from the aspect of practical health physics yielded a mean personal dose of 0.55 microSv per day for the herdsmen, whereas the geologists received a mean personal dose of 0.45 microSv per day. For an annual exposure period of typically, about three months, the radiation dose received by the persons investigated, in addition to the natural radiation exposure, is thus well below the international limit value of 1 mSv x a(-1) for the population dose. PMID:12382756
Hill, P; Dederichs, H; Pillath, J; Schlecht, W; Hille, R; Artemev, O; Ptitskaya, L; Akhmetov, M
Comparison of neutron dose quantities and instrument and dosemeter readings at representative locations in an MOX fuel fabrication plant
The relationships between operational and protection quantities, and values of personal dosemeter and instrument readings have been determined for a recently designed MOX fuel fabrication plant. The relationships between the quantities, and the readings of personal dosemeters are sensitive to both the energy and direction distribution of neutron fluence. The energy distributions were calculated using the Monte Carlo code MCBEND. The direction distribution was addressed by calculating independently, spectral components for which the direction distribution could be reasonably assumed. At representative locations, and for assumed worker orientations, the radiation field is analysed as having, in general, three components—a direct, unidirectional component from the nearest identified discrete source, which is considered incident A-P, several unidirectional components from other such sources which are treated as a rotational component and a scattered isotropic component. The calculated spectra were folded with conversion coefficients for personal dose equivalent, Hp(10) slab (A-P, ROT and ISO), effective dose, E, (A-P, ROT and ISO), ambient dose equivalent, H*(10), personal dosemeter (AP, ROT and ISO) and survey instrument response characteristics.
Bartlett, D. T.; Hager, L. G.; Tanner, R. J.; Haley, R. M.; Cooper, A. J.
Ferrous-Ferric Ion exchange dosemeter.
In this work a three-dimensional ferrous-ferric ion exchange dosemeter is proposed and the dose response measured. The dosemeter consists of strong acid cation exchange resin beads in the H form in water. Amberlyst 15 Wet beads with a harmonic mean diameter of 0.600-0.850 mm were prepared by soaking them in an aqueous solution of ferrous ammonium sulphate to exchange ferrous ions for H(+) ions. The beads were rinsed with distilled water and packed in glass vials. Sets of samples with ferrous ion concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 mM were dosed with 6 MV X rays from a Varian 2100C linac. The spin-lattice relaxation time constants (T1) for the samples were measured using an Apollo spectrometer (Tecmag, Houston, TX) interfaced to a 1.5 T magnet (Magnex, Abingdon, UK). Each sample had two T1 values; a long T1 at 1200 ms that did not significantly change with dose and a short T1 that ranged from 56 ms at 0 Gy to 36 ms at 100 Gy. The R1 vs. dose responses were linear with slopes of 0.066 and 0.079 s(-1) Gy(-1). PMID:16644977
Bauhs, John A; Hammer, Bruce E
DOSIMAP: a high-resolution 2-D tissue equivalent dosemeter for linac QA and IMRT verification.
New generation of radiation therapy accelerators requires highly accurate dose measurements with high spatial resolution patterns. IMRT is especially demanding since the positioning accuracy of all the multi-leafs should be verified for each applied field and at any incidence. A new 2-D tissue equivalent dosemeter is presented with high spatial resolution that can fulfil these tasks. A plastic scintillator sheet is sandwiched between two polystyrene cubes, and the emitted light is observed by a high-resolution camera. A patented procedure allows efficient discrimination of the scintillation proportional to the dose from the parasitic Cerenkov radiation. This extraction made on the cumulated images taken during an irradiation field at a rate of 10 images s(-1) provides high-resolution mapping of the dose rate and cumulated dose in quasi real time. The dosemeter is tissue equivalent (ICRU-44) and works both for electrons and photons without complex parameter adjustment, since phantom and detector materials are identical. The calibration is simple and independent of the irradiation conditions (energy, fluence, quality and so on). The principle of the dosemeter and its calibration procedure are discussed in this paper. The results and, in particular, the dose depth profiles are compared with standard ionisation chamber measurements in polystyrene for both photons and electrons. Finally, the detector specifications are summarised and one example of complex IMRT field is discussed. PMID:18757897
Collomb-Patton, V; Boher, P; Leroux, T; Fontbonne, J-M; Batalla, A; Vela, A
A Comparison of Selected Personal and Educational Characteristics of Electronics Technicians and of Students in Electronics Technology Programs in Wisconsin.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
The objective of the study was to compare selected personal characteristics of electronics technology students in Wisconsin Schools of Vocational, Technical, and Adult Education with characteristics of practicing electronics technicians in industry. Data were gathered from 124 technicians, 178 post-secondary school students, and 28 school…
Brill, Donald M.
Calibration of Far West Technology (FWT-60) radiachromic dye dosemeters
Radiachromic dye dosimetry was used to measure kilogray doses absorbed by various liquid samples during gamma-ray exposure in a spent nuclear fuel pool. The source of nuclear fuel was the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). Calibrations were performed using a {sup 60}Co source and were run on bare dosemeters, as well as on dosemeters which mocked to simulate the samples. These dosemeters were prepared as a dye-impregnated nylon film and are commercially available. When exposed to gamma-ray doses of 0.5 to 200 kGy, a color change occurs which has an optical density proportional to absorbed dose. The difference in the calibration curves demonstrated the importance of irradiation of dosemeters under conditions as close to the actual samples as possible. Since these dosemeters could not be immersed directly in the organic solutions of interest, they were sandwiched between layers of lucite and stainless steel. This simulated the conditions inside an irradiated sample and provides a practical method of measuring absorbed doses. The reproducibility of measurements using the radiachromic dye dosemeters is also shown. 10 refs.
Mincher, B.J.; Zaidi, M.K.
The PING Personally Controlled Electronic Medical Record System: Technical Architecture
PubMed Central
Despite progress in creating standardized clinical data models and interapplication protocols, the goal of creating a lifelong health care record remains mired in the pragmatics of interinstitutional competition, concerns about privacy and unnecessary disclosure, and the lack of a nationwide system for authenticating and authorizing access to medical information. The authors describe the architecture of a personally controlled health care record system, PING, that is not institutionally bound, is a free and open source, and meets the policy requirements that the authors have previously identified for health care delivery and population-wide research.
Simons, William W.; Mandl, Kenneth D.; Kohane, Isaac S.
A Desire for the Personal: Student Perceptions of Electronic Feedback
An earlier study conducted into tertiary student perceptions of feedback on their work revealed a mixed response to the idea of electronic feedback. This result was surprising considering the attention given to Generation Y and the preference for digital technology in their lives. This paper reports on the results of a follow-up study exploring a…
Budge, Kylie
Beyond the Electronic Portfolio: A Lifetime Personal Web Space
The electronic portfolio (e-portfolio) is higher education's new "got to have it" tool--the show-and-tell platform of the millennium. Hundreds of academic institutions are variously studying, using, or innovating e-portfolio systems. Indeed, the current e-portfolio movement is spawning new university committees; on-campus training modules, books,…
Cohn, Ellen R.; Hibbitts, Bernard J.
Personal electronics printing via tapping mode composite liquid metal ink delivery and adhesion mechanism
Printed electronics is becoming increasingly important in a variety of newly emerging areas. However, restricted to the rather limited conductive inks and available printing strategies, the current electronics manufacture is usually confined to industry level. Here, we show a highly cost-effective and entirely automatic printing way towards personal electronics making, through introducing a tapping-mode composite fluid delivery system. Fundamental mechanisms regarding the reliable printing, transfer and adhesion of the liquid metal inks on the substrate were disclosed through systematic theoretical interpretation and experimental measurements. With this liquid metal printer, a series of representative electronic patterns spanning from single wires to desired complex configurations such as integrated circuit (IC), printed-circuits-on-board (PCB), electronic paintings, or more do-it-yourself (DIY) devices, were demonstrated to be printed out with high precision in a moment. And the total machine cost already reached personally affordable price. This is hard to achieve by a conventional PCB technology which generally takes long time and is material, water and energy consuming, while the existing printed electronics is still far away from the real direct printing goal. The present work opens the way for large scale personal electronics manufacture and is expected to generate important value for the coming society.
Zheng, Yi; He, Zhi-Zhu; Yang, Jun; Liu, Jing
Personal electronics printing via tapping mode composite liquid metal ink delivery and adhesion mechanism.
Printed electronics is becoming increasingly important in a variety of newly emerging areas. However, restricted to the rather limited conductive inks and available printing strategies, the current electronics manufacture is usually confined to industry level. Here, we show a highly cost-effective and entirely automatic printing way towards personal electronics making, through introducing a tapping-mode composite fluid delivery system. Fundamental mechanisms regarding the reliable printing, transfer and adhesion of the liquid metal inks on the substrate were disclosed through systematic theoretical interpretation and experimental measurements. With this liquid metal printer, a series of representative electronic patterns spanning from single wires to desired complex configurations such as integrated circuit (IC), printed-circuits-on-board (PCB), electronic paintings, or more do-it-yourself (DIY) devices, were demonstrated to be printed out with high precision in a moment. And the total machine cost already reached personally affordable price. This is hard to achieve by a conventional PCB technology which generally takes long time and is material, water and energy consuming, while the existing printed electronics is still far away from the real direct printing goal. The present work opens the way for large scale personal electronics manufacture and is expected to generate important value for the coming society. PMID:24699375
A Quantitative Exploration of the Relationship between Patient Health and Electronic Personal Health Records
The use of electronic personal health records is becoming increasingly more popular as healthcare providers, healthcare and government leaders, and patients are seeking ways to improve healthcare quality and to decrease costs (Abrahamsen, 2007). This quantitative, descriptive correlational study examined the relationship between the degree of…
Hines, Denise Williams
Inventory of Electronic Mobility Aids for Persons with Visual Impairments: A Literature Review
This literature review of existing electronic mobility aids for persons who are visually impaired and recent developments in this field identified and classified 146 products, systems, and devices. The 21 that are currently available that can be used without environmental adaptation are described in functional terms. (Contains 2 tables.)
Roentgen, Uta R.; Gelderblom, Gert Jan; Soede, Mathijs; de Witte, Luc P.
Design and Evaluation of a Protocol to Assess Electronic Travel Aids for Persons Who Are Visually Impaired
This study evaluated a protocol that was developed to assess how beneficial electronic travel aids are for persons who are visually impaired. Twenty persons with visual impairments used an electronic travel device (Trekker) for six weeks to conform to the protocol, which proved useful in identifying successful users of the device. (Contains 2…
Havik, Else M.; Steyvers, Frank J. J. M.; van der Velde, Hanneke; Pinkster, J. Christiaan; Kooijman, Aart C.
Automation of radiation dosimetry using PTW dosemeter and LabVIEW™
Automation of UNIDOS "Dosemeter" using personal computer (PC) is discussed in this paper. In order to save time and eliminate human operation errors during the radiation dosimetry, suitable software, using LabVIEW™ graphical programming language, was written to automate and facilitate the processes of measurements, analysis and data storage. The software calculates the calibration factor of the ionization chamber in terms of air kerma or absorbed dose to water according to IAEA dosimetry protocols. It also has the ability to print a calibration certificate. The obtained results using this software are found to be more reliable and flexible than those obtained by manual methods previously employed. Using LabVIEW™ as a development tool is extremely convenient to make things easier when software modifications and improvements are needed.
Weiss, C.; Al-Frouh, K.; Anjak, O.
Two-dimensional differential calibration method for a neutron dosemeter using a thermal neutron beam.
A new thermal neutron calibration method to experimentally determine the energy response function of a neutron detector using a pulse parallel beam and the time-of-flight (TOF) technique is developed. The calibration method was experimentally demonstrated for a (3)He proportional counter and an electric personal dosemeter using a pulsed thermal neutron beam from the research reactor JRR-3M. The responses of the detectors were successfully obtained as a function of neutron energy. However, detailed information on the detector structure is required to obtain the spatial response distribution for the detector. The authors further propose an improved calibration method obtaining the spatial response distribution using a pulsed narrow beam, the TOF technique and a beam scanning technique. PMID:23509397
Matsumoto, Tetsuro; Harano, Hideki; Masuda, Akihiko; Nishiyama, Jun; Matsue, Hideaki; Uritani, Akira; Nunomiya, Tomoya
Case-Studies on the Evolution of the Personalized Electronic Program Guide
The Digital TV revolution promises unprecedented access to programming content across hundreds of channels. Early indications\\u000a are that this leads to a new information overload problem for DTV viewers and although the current generation of electronic\\u000a program guides provides viewers with on-screen access to schedule information, their usefulness is compromised by the sheer\\u000a volume of information that exists. Personalized guides
Barry Smyth; Paul Cotter
Radiochromic gel dosemeter for three-dimensional dosimetry
A gel dosemeter in which ionising radiation causes a colour change was produced by modifying an existing Fricke gel system. This allows a more convenient preparation procedure and gives a better quality dosimetric system for three-dimensional (3-D) dose measurements. The role of three active components of the Ferrous sulphate Xylenol orange Gelatin (FXG) gel dosemeter is quantified with special consideration of their effect on system sensitivity and stability. The optimal composition was found to be 0.5 mM ferrous sulphate, 0.1 mM xylenol orange and 25 mM sulphuric acid. The dose response is linear in the range 0.1-30 Gy. The FXG sensitivity, derived from the gradient of the dose response curve, was found to be ?A=0.084 cm -1 Gy -1, where A is the optical absorption coefficient at a wavelength of 585 nm, with reproducibility and 24 h stability of better than 5%.
Bero, M. A.; Gilboy, W. B.; Glover, P. M.
NaCl as a retrospective and accident dosemeter.
NaCl is a cheap and widely available material. This study investigated the potential of NaCl in the form of a household salt as a retrospective and accident dosemeter using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Samples of the investigated household salt were stimulated using blue light of linearly modulated power. Attention was concentrated on sensitivity, dose dependence of the OSL signal, fading, optimisation of the read-out procedure and application of analytical protocols that do not require a specific calibration. A potential of NaCl as a complementary dosemeter within emergency preparedness was considered. The behaviour of the OSL signal observed was found to be favourable for dosimetry. PMID:21068016
The road to hot electron photochemistry at surfaces: A personal recollection
A very important part of contemporary fs-laser surface photochemistry (SPC) is based on a proposed mechanism in which a laser pulse incident upon an adsorbate-covered surface photoexcites substrate electrons which in turn inelastically scatter from atoms and molecules (chemists may call them ``reactants'') in or on the surface. The present narrative outlines my own very personal SPC saga that began with early exposure to the wonders of and fascination with inelastic resonant electron scattering from gas phase atoms and molecules that dominated the Atomic and Electron Physics activities at NBS (now NIST) in 1968 when I arrived. How this lead to a fundamental understanding of important aspects of SPC is the focus of this essay.
Gadzuk, J. W.
78 FR 2912 - Prohibition on Personal Use of Electronic Devices on the Flight Deck
...personal wireless communications device or laptop computer for personal use while at their...personal wireless communications device or laptop computer while at the flight crewmember's...personal wireless communications device or laptop computer for a purpose directly...
Type testing of an extremity finger stall dosemeter based on Harshaw TLD EXTRAD technology.
A new type of extremity dosemeter, which incorporates the Harshaw TLD EXTRAD dosemeter element into a PVC finger stall, has been developed. The dosemeter uses high-sensitivity lithium fluoride, (7)LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-700H) in a thin 7 mg cm(-2) layer, with alternative coverings of PVC at 10 mg cm(-2) and aluminised polyester at 3.2 mg cm(-2). Results are presented of the type testing of both versions of the finger stall dosemeter against published standards. PMID:17132668
Gilvin, P J; Luo, L Z; Baker, S T; Hill, C E; Rotunda, J E
Tissue Banking, Bioinformatics, and Electronic Medical Records: The Front-End Requirements for Personalized Medicine
Personalized medicine promises patient-tailored treatments that enhance patient care and decrease overall treatment costs by focusing on genetics and "-omics" data obtained from patient biospecimens and records to guide therapy choices that generate good clinical outcomes. The approach relies on diagnostic and prognostic use of novel biomarkers discovered through combinations of tissue banking, bioinformatics, and electronic medical records (EMRs). The analytical power of bioinformatic platforms combined with patient clinical data from EMRs can reveal potential biomarkers and clinical phenotypes that allow researchers to develop experimental strategies using selected patient biospecimens stored in tissue banks. For cancer, high-quality biospecimens collected at diagnosis, first relapse, and various treatment stages provide crucial resources for study designs. To enlarge biospecimen collections, patient education regarding the value of specimen donation is vital. One approach for increasing consent is to offer publically available illustrations and game-like engagements demonstrating how wider sample availability facilitates development of novel therapies. The critical value of tissue bank samples, bioinformatics, and EMR in the early stages of the biomarker discovery process for personalized medicine is often overlooked. The data obtained also require cross-disciplinary collaborations to translate experimental results into clinical practice and diagnostic and prognostic use in personalized medicine.
Suh, K. Stephen; Sarojini, Sreeja; Youssif, Maher; Nalley, Kip; Milinovikj, Natasha; Elloumi, Fathi; Russell, Steven; Pecora, Andrew; Schecter, Elyssa; Goy, Andre
Challenges to Using an Electronic Personal Health Record by a Low-Income Elderly Population
Background Electronic personal health records (PHRs) are increasingly recognized and used as a tool to address various challenges stemming from the scattered and incompatible personal health information that exists in the contemporary US health care system. Although activity around PHR development and deployment has increased in recent years, little has been reported regarding the use and utility of PHRs among low-income and/or elderly populations. Objective The aim was to assess the use and utility of PHRs in a low-income, elderly population. Methods We deployed a Web-based, institution-neutral PHR system, the Personal Health Information Management System (PHIMS), in a federally funded housing facility for low-income and elderly residents. We assessed use and user satisfaction through system logs, questionnaire surveys, and user group meetings. Results Over the 33-month study period, 70 residents participated; this number was reduced to 44 by the end of the study. Although the PHIMS was available for free and personal assistance and computers with Internet connection were provided without any cost to residents, only 13% (44/330) of the eligible residents used the system, and system usage was limited. Almost one half of the users (47%, 33/70) used the PHIMS only on a single day. Use was also highly correlated with the availability of in-person assistance; 77% of user activities occurred while the assistance was available. Residents' ability to use the PHR system was limited by poor computer and Internet skills, technophobia, low health literacy, and limited physical/cognitive abilities. Among the 44 PHIMS users, 14 (32%) responded to the questionnaire. In this selected subgroup of survey participants, the majority (82%, 9/11) used the PHIMS three times or more and reported that it improved the quality of overall health care they received. Conclusions Our findings suggest that those who can benefit the most from a PHR system may be the least able to use it. Disparities in access to and use of computers, the Internet, and PHRs may exacerbate health care inequality in the future.
Kim, Eung-Hun; Stolyar, Anna; Lober, William B; Herbaugh, Anne L; Shinstrom, Sally E; Zierler, Brenda K; Soh, Cheong B
New concept of IEC standards for radiation protection dosemeters.
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) develops new standards for radiation protection dosemeters which follow a new concept. They are much more flexible in detail, but still ensure the same measurement quality. They are, for example, no longer specific for the detector type, but rather specific for the measurement task, e.g. for individual monitoring with active direct-reading instruments. Another example is that they are flexible with respect to the ranges of influence quantities. The conceptual changes are described in this paper, together with the advantages this new concept provides for manufacturers, users and legislators. PMID:18420572
Ambrosi, P; Behrens, R
Silicon-based hybrid energy cell for self-powered electrodegradation and personal electronics.
Silicon (Si)-based solar cell is by far the most established solar cell technology. The surface of a Si solar cell is usually covered by a layer of transparent material to protect the device from corrosion, contamination and mechanical damage. Here, we replaced this protection layer by a thin layer film of polydimethysiloxane nanowires. Based on this layer and using the conductive layer on the surface of the wavy Si, we have fabricated a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The solar cell and the TENG form a hybrid energy cell for simultaneously harvesting solar and mechanical energies. The hybrid energy cell can be directly used for self-powered electrodegradation of rhodamine B, where the degradation percentage is up to 98% in 10 min. Moreover, the produced energy can also be stored in the Li-ion batteries for driving some personal electronics such as a red laser diode and a commercial cell phone. PMID:23432414
Yang, Ya; Zhang, Hulin; Liu, Yan; Lin, Zong-Hong; Lee, Sangmin; Lin, Ziyin; Wong, Ching Ping; Wang, Zhong Lin
The Development of an Indoor Mobility Course for the Evaluation of Electronic Mobility Aids for Persons Who Are Visually Impaired
Purpose: To develop a suitable mobility course for the assessment of mobility performance as part of a user evaluation of Electronic Mobility Aids (EMA) aimed at obstacle detection and orientation. Method: A review of the literature led to a list of critical factors for the assessment of mobility performance of persons who are visually impaired.…
Roentgen, Uta R.; Gelderblom, Gert Jan; de Witte, Luc P.
Review of Twenty-First Century Portable Electronic Devices for Persons with Moderate Intellectual Disabilities and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Use of portable electronic devices by persons with moderate intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders is gaining increased research attention. The purpose of this review was to synthesize twenty-first century literature (2000-2010) focusing on these technologies. Twenty-one studies were identified which evaluated use of: (a) handheld…
Mechling, Linda C.
Australia's personally controlled electronic health record and primary healthcare: generating a framework for implementation and evaluation.
The Australian Government launched a personally controlled electronic health record (PCEHR) system in July 2012 committing $466.7m. Currently Australia lacks a clearly articulated implementation and evaluation framework and there remains limited detail on how this system's success will be determined. These problems are especially visible in primary healthcare. The UK and US, have been advocated as models, however they have started to report points of failure arising from their approaches. Evidence suggests that alternatives need to be considered, if mistakes are not to be replicated. Insights from e-health record implementation and evaluation approaches in Denmark and the Netherlands provide Australia with other approaches. The PCEHR requires different and radical thinking around the delivery of health services. Drawing on a range of English language articles identified between 1996 and 2012, the paper generates a conceptual framework for implementation and evaluation of the PCEHR. The generation of a grounded implementation and evaluation framework in primary healthcare will reduce provider scepticism and facilitate complex changes associated with PCEHR uptake. PMID:23823280
Almond, H; Cummings, E; Turner, P
Characterisation of PRESAGE: A new 3-D radiochromic solid polymer dosemeter for ionising radiation.
For the past 50 years there has been interest in developing 3-D dosemeters for ionising radiation. Particular emphasis has been put on those dosemeters that change their optical properties in proportion to the absorbed dose. Many of the dosemeters that have been evaluated have had limitations such as lack of transparency, diffusion of the image of the dose distribution or poor stability of baseline optical density. Many of these performance limitations have been overcome by the development of PRESAGE, an optically clear polyurethane-based radiochromic 3-D dosemeter. The solid PRESAGE dosemeter is formulated with a free radical initiator and a leuco dye and it does not require a container to maintain its shape. The polyurethane matrix is tissue equivalent and prevents the diffusion of the dose distribution image. There is a linear dose-response, which is independent of both photon energy and dose rate. Simple precautions such as preventing long-term exposure to additional ionising radiation including ultraviolet and controlling storage temperatures prevent the bleaching of the radiochromic response field within the irradiated dosemeter. PMID:16782984
Adamovics, J; Maryanski, M J
Many physicians are willing to use patients' electronic personal health records, but doctors differ by location, gender, and practice.
Electronic personal health records could become important tools for patients to use in managing and monitoring their health information and communicating with clinicians. With the emergence of new products and federal incentives that might indirectly encourage greater use of personal health records, policy makers should understand the views of physicians on using these records. In a national survey of physicians in 2008-09, we found that although 64 percent have never used a patient's electronic personal health record, 42 percent would be willing to try. Strikingly, rural physicians expressed much more willingness to use such records compared to urban or suburban physicians. Female physicians were significantly less willing to use these tools than their male peers (34 percent versus 46 percent). Physicians broadly have concerns about the impact on patients' privacy, the accuracy of underlying data, their potential liability for tracking all of the information that might be entered into a personal health record, and the lack of payment to clinicians for using or reviewing these patient records. PMID:21289348
Wynia, Matthew K; Torres, Gretchen Williams; Lemieux, Josh
Characteristics of personal health records: findings of the Medical Library Association/National Library of Medicine Joint Electronic Personal Health Record Task Force
Objectives: The Medical Library Association (MLA)/National Library of Medicine (NLM) Joint Electronic Personal Health Record Task Force examined the current state of personal health records (PHRs). Methods: A working definition of PHRs was formulated, and a database was built with fields for specified PHR characteristics. PHRs were identified and listed. Each task force member was assigned a portion of the list for data gathering. Findings were recorded in the database. Results: Of the 117 PHRs identified, 91 were viable. Almost half were standalone products. A number used national standards for nomenclature and/or record structure. Less than half were mobile device enabled. Some were publicly available, and others were offered only to enrollees of particular health plans or employees at particular institutions. A few were targeted to special health conditions. Conclusions: The PHR field is very dynamic. While most PHR products have some common elements, their features can vary. PHRs can link their users with librarians and information resources. MLA and NLM have taken an active role in making this connection and in encouraging librarians to assume this assistance role with PHRs.
Shipman, Jean P; Plaut, Daphne A; Selden, Catherine R
Characterization of optically stimulated luminescence dosemeters to measure organ doses in diagnostic radiology
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of an optically stimulated luminescence dosemeter (OSLD) for use in diagnostic radiology and to apply the OSLD in measuring the organ doses by panoramic radiography. Methods The dose linearity, energy dependency and angular dependency of aluminium oxide-based OSLDs were examined using an X-ray generator to simulate various exposure settings in diagnostic radiology. The organ doses were then measured by inserting the dosemeters into an anthropomorphic phantom while using three panoramic machines. Results The dosemeters demonstrated consistent dose linearity (coefficient of variation<1.5%) and no significant energy dependency (coefficient of variation<1.5%) under the applied exposure conditions. They also exhibited negligible angular dependency (?10%). The organ doses of the X-ray as a result of panoramic imaging by three machines were calculated using the dosemeters. Conclusion OSLDs can be utilized to measure the organ doses in diagnostic radiology. The availability of these dosemeters in strip form proves to be reliably advantageous.
Endo, A; Katoh, T; Kobayashi, I; Joshi, R; Sur, J; Okano, T
Electronic Versus Paper Questionnaires: A Further Comparison in Persons with Asthma
The use of electronic data capture (EDC) to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using validated questionnaires is increasing; however, it must be determined how data collected electronically correlate with the original mode of administration used in validation. Our objective was to compare paper and electronic administration of the standardized Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ(S)), Pediatric Asthma Quality of
D. M. Bushnell; M. L. Martin; B. Parasuraman
Calculated angular responses of an RPL dosemeter to photon and beta radiation.
The calculated dose equivalent response as a function of the angle has been examined for the radiophotoluminescent (RPL) glass dosemeter that was exposed to narrow series X-ray, N-60, N-80, N-100, N-150, N-200, N-250, N-300, photon sources ((60)Co and (137)Cs) and beta-ray emitter ((90)Sr/(90)Y) while mounted on an ISO water slab phantom. The angular dose equivalent responses H(p)(10) and H(p)(0.07) were calculated using the Monte Carlo MCNPX code. The RPL dosemeter and the phantom were rotated in the horizontal and vertical planes from a variety of angles of interest. The results were compared with the experimental data. Good agreement was found between the measured and calculated values of the relative dose equivalent angular responses of the RPL dosemeter. PMID:22361351
Hocine, Nora
Users' Evaluations of Four Electronic Travel Aids Aimed at Navigation for Persons Who Are Visually Impaired
Eighteen persons with visual impairments evaluated four systematically selected navigation systems. Their performance on 11 tasks, provided ratings, satisfaction on seven aspects of the assistive devices, and explanatory comments show generally valuable functionality and usability, as well as individual marked preferences for various features of…
Usability of a new electronic assistive device for community-dwelling persons with mild dementia
Objective: To evaluate a newly developed integrated digital prosthetic, the COGKNOW Day Navigator (CDN), to support persons with mild dementia in their daily lives, with memory, social contacts, daily activities and safety.Methods: A user participatory method was applied in the development process, which consisted of three iterative 1-year cycles with field tests in Amsterdam, Belfast and Luleĺ. In the successive
Franka J. M. Meiland; Ans I. E. Bouman; Stefan Sävenstedt; Sanne Bentvelzen; Richard J. Davies; Maurice D. Mulvenna; Chris D. Nugent; Ferial Moelaert; Marike E. Hettinga; Johan E. Bengtsson; Rose-Marie Dröes
A fibre optic scintillator dosemeter for absorbed dose measurements of low-energy X-ray-emitting brachytherapy sources.
A newly developed dosemeter using a 0.5 mm diameter x 0.5 mm thick cylindrical plastic scintillator coupled to the end of a fibre optic cable is capable of measuring the absorbed dose rate in water around low-activity, low-energy X-ray emitters typically used in prostate brachytherapy. Recent tests of this dosemeter showed that it is possible to measure the dose rate as a function of distance in water from 2 to 30 mm of a (103)Pd source of air-kerma strength 3.4 U (1 U = 1 microGy m(2) h(-1)), or 97 MBq (2.6 mCi) apparent activity, with good signal-to-noise ratio. The signal-to-noise ratio is only dependent on the integration time and background subtraction. The detector volume is enclosed in optically opaque, nearly water-equivalent materials so that there is no polar response other than that due to the shape of the scintillator volume chosen, in this case cylindrical. The absorbed dose rate very close to commercial brachytherapy sources can be mapped in an automated water phantom, providing a 3-D dose distribution with sub-millimeter spatial resolution. The sensitive volume of the detector is 0.5 mm from the end of the optically opaque waterproof housing, enabling measurements at very close distances to sources. The sensitive detector electronics allow the measurement of very low dose rates, as exist at centimeter distances from these sources. The detector is also applicable to mapping dose distributions from more complex source geometries such as eye applicators for treating macular degeneration. PMID:16782747
Sliski, Alan; Soares, Christopher; Mitch, Michael G
Detecting the Use of Intentionally Transmitting Personal Electronic Devices Onboard Commercial Aircraft.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The need to detect unauthorized usage of intentionally transmitting portable electronic devices (PEDs) onboard commercial aircraft is growing, while still allowing passengers to use selected unintentionally transmitting devices, such as laptop computers a...
R. Woods J. J. Ely L. Vahala
The Effectiveness of Verbal Information Provided by Electronic Travel Aids for Visually Impaired Persons
The effectiveness of different types of verbal information provided by electronic travel aids was studied in a real-life setting. Assessments included wayfinding performance and the preferences of 24 visually impaired users. The participants preferred a combination of route information and environmental information, even though this information…
Havik, Else M.; Kooijman, Aart C.; Steyvers, Frank J. J. M.
Electron Beam Computed Tomographic Coronary Calcium Scanning: A Review and Guidelines for Use in Asymptomatic Persons
Coronary artery disease is the No. 1 cause of death in the developed world. Effective means of treatment such as drug therapy to lower cholesterol levels are available, but clinical application to patients at highest risk remains imprecise. Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) has been suggested as a means to diagnose subclinical coronary disease and facilitate risk stratification, but no
A randomized trial comparing in person and electronic interventions for improving adherence to oral medications in schizophrenia.
Poor adherence to medication leads to symptom exacerbation and interferes with the recovery process for patients with schizophrenia. Following baseline assessment, 142 patients in medication maintenance at a community mental health center were randomized to one of 3 treatments for 9 months: (1) PharmCAT, supports including pill containers, signs, alarms, checklists and the organization of belongings established in weekly home visits from a PharmCAT therapist; (2) Med-eMonitor (MM), an electronic medication monitor that prompts use of medication, cues the taking of medication, warns patients when they are taking the wrong medication or taking it at the wrong time, record complaints, and, through modem hookup, alerts treatment staff of failures to take medication as prescribed; (3) Treatment as Usual (TAU). All patients received the Med-eMonitor device to record medication adherence. The device was programmed for intervention only in the MM group. Data on symptoms, global functioning, and contact with emergency services and police were obtained every 3 months. Repeated measures analyses of variance for mixed models indicated that adherence to medication was significantly better in both active conditions than in TAU (both p<0.0001). Adherence in active treatments ranged from 90-92% compared to 73% in TAU based on electronic monitoring. In-person and electronic interventions significantly improved adherence to medication, but that did not translate to improved clinical outcomes. Implications for treatment and health care costs are discussed. PMID:23086987
Velligan, Dawn; Mintz, Jim; Maples, Natalie; Xueying, Li; Gajewski, Stephanie; Carr, Heather; Sierra, Cynthia
Perceptions of factors influencing use of an electronic record for case management of persons living with HIV.
Case managers (CMs) facilitate continuity of care for persons living with HIV (PLWH) by coordination of resources and referrals to social services and medical care. The complexity of the management of HIV drives the need for more coordination, which can be achieved through the use of health information technology (HIT). However, HIT has not been well studied in the context of HIV services. The primary aim of this qualitative study was to assess CMs' perceptions regarding factors that influence acceptance and use of an electronic continuity of care record (CCR) for PLWH. Focus group methodology was used to gather perceptions from 37 CMs. Major themes related to factors for CCR adoption and use included: predisposing (system functionality and confidentiality), enabling (user training and computer access), reinforcing (work efficiency, continuity of care, information quality, and communication). Electronic CCRs have the potential to improve coordination of services and information sharing for PLWH. Careful attention must be paid to factors that predispose, enable, and reinforce use of HIT such as CCRs so that potential benefits in terms of quality and efficiency can be realized. PMID:21347899
Schnall, Rebecca; Gordon, Peter; Camhi, Eli; Bakken, Suzanne
Detecting the Use of Intentionally Transmitting Personal Electronic Devices Onboard Commercial Aircraft
The need to detect unauthorized usage of intentionally transmitting portable electronic devices (PEDs) onboard commercial aircraft is growing, while still allowing passengers to use selected unintentionally transmitting devices, such as laptop computers and CD players during non-critical stages of flight. The following paper presents an installed system for detecting PEDs over multiple frequency bands. Additionally, the advantages of a fixed verses mobile system are discussed. While data is presented to cover the frequency range of 20 MHz to 6.5 GHz, special attention was given to the Cellular/PCS bands as well as Bluetooth and the FRS radio bands. Measurement data from both the semi-anechoic and reverberation chambers are then analyzed and correlated with data collected onboard a commercial aircraft to determine the dominant mode of coupling inside the passenger cabin of the aircraft versus distance from the source. As a final check of system feasibility, several PEDs transmission signatures were recorded and compared with the expected levels.
Woods, Randy; Ely, Jay J.; Vahala, Linda
The 12B counter: an active dosemeter for high-energy neutrons.
High-energy accelerators can produce strong time-structured radiation fields. Such dose shots are generated at linear machines with low duty cycles as well as at circular machines when complete fills are instantaneously lost. The main dose component behind thick shielding is due to high-energy neutrons occurring at that time structure. Dosemeters based on Geiger-Mueller tubes or proportional counters fail here completely. The 12B counter, a novel dosemeter made of a plastic scintillator using carbon activation for event-like exposure, has been introduced. High-energy neutrons activate the carbon nuclei by three inelastic reactions. The decay patterns with half-lives between 20 ms and 20 min can be exploited depending on the time structure of the radiation field. The response of the 12B counter was measured along with some other dosemeters, both active and passive, in the radiation field behind the lateral concrete shielding of a 7.5 GeV proton transfer line. PMID:16604616
Leuschner, A
Adoption, non-adoption, and abandonment of a personal electronic health record: case study of HealthSpace
Objective To evaluate the policy making process, implementation by NHS organisations, and patients' and carers' experiences of efforts to introduce an internet accessible personal electronic health record (HealthSpace) in a public sector healthcare system. Design Mixed method, multilevel case study. Setting English National Health Service; the basic HealthSpace technology (available throughout England) and the advanced version (available in a few localities where this option had been introduced) were considered. Main outcome measures National statistics on invitations sent, HealthSpace accounts created, and interviews and ethnographic observation of patients and carers. Data analysis was informed by a socio-technical approach which considered macro and micro influences on both adoption and non-adoption of innovations, and by the principles of critical discourse analysis. Participants 56 patients and carers (of whom 21 opened a basic HealthSpace account, 20 had diabetes but were not initially using HealthSpace, and 15 used advanced HealthSpace accounts to exchange messages with their general practitioner), 3000 pages of documents (policies, strategies, business plans, minutes of meetings, correspondence), observational field notes, and 160 interviews with policy makers, project managers, and clinical staff. Results Between 2007 and October 2010, 172?950 people opened a basic HealthSpace account. 2913 (0.13% of those invited) opened an advanced account, compared with 5-10% of the population anticipated in the original business case. Overall, patients perceived HealthSpace as neither useful nor easy to use and its functionality aligned poorly with their expectations and self management practices. Those who used email-style messaging were positive about its benefits, but enthusiasm beyond three early adopter clinicians was low, and fewer than 100 of 30?000 patients expressed interest. Policy makers' hopes that "deploying" HealthSpace would lead to empowered patients, personalised care, lower NHS costs, better data quality, and improved health literacy were not realised over the three year evaluation period. Conclusion Unless personal electronic health records align closely with people's attitudes, self management practices, identified information needs, and the wider care package (including organisational routines and incentive structures for clinicians), the risk that they will be abandoned or not adopted at all is substantial. Conceptualising such records dynamically (as components of a socio-technical network) rather than statically (as containers for data) and employing user centred design techniques might improve their chances of adoption and use. The findings raise questions about how eHealth programmes in England are developed and approved at policy level.
Assessment of risks of EMI for personal medical electronic devices (PMEDs) from emissions of millimeter-wave security screening systems
This paper describes research and testing of a representative group of high priority body worn and implantable personal medical electronic devices (PMEDs) for exposure to millimeter wave (MMW) advanced imaging technology (AIT) security systems used at airports. The sample PMEDs included in this study were implantable cardiac pacemakers, ICDs, neurostimulators and insulin pumps. These PMEDs are designed and tested for susceptibility to electromagnetic interference (EMI) under the present standards for medical device electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). However, the present standards for medical equipment do not address exposure to the much higher frequency fields that are emitted by MMW security systems. Initial AIT emissions measurements were performed to assess the PMED and passenger exposures. Testing protocols were developed and testing methods were tailored to the type of PMED. In addition, a novel exposure simulation system was developed to allow controlled EMC testing without the need of the MMW AIT system. Methodology, test results, and analysis are presented, along with an assessment of the human exposure and risks for PMED users. The results on this study reveal no effects on the medical devices from the exposure to the MMW security system. Furthermore, the human exposure measurements and analysis showed levels well below applicable standard, and the risks for PMED users and others we assessed to be very low. These findings apply to the types of PMEDs used in the study though these findings might suggest that the risks for other, similar PMEDs would likely be similar.
Witters, Donald; Bassen, Howard; Guag, Joshua; Addissie, Bisrat; LaSorte, Nickolas; Rafai, Hazem
Evaluations of absorbed dose ratio factor of Al2O3 dosemeter in radiotherapy photon beams using cavity theory.
The aim of the work was to evaluate the absorbed dose ratio factor f(md) of an Al(2)O(3) dosemeter to water in photon radiotherapy beams using cavity theory. Burlin theory was used for calculating of this ratio. The effective mass attenuation coefficient ? was obtained by comparing Monte Carlo simulations in monoenergetic photon beams. The evaluations of the absorbed dose ratio factor f(md) were studied for Al(2)O(3) dosemeters of different sizes, which were placed at various depths of the water phantom in different radiation field sizes of Mohan's 6, 10 and 15-MV X-rays. Beyond the build-up region, the variation of f(md) increases by 0.25 % as the depth increases from 4 to 10 cm. The maximum variation due to different dosemeter sizes is 8.3 %. The difference in the f(md) due to different radiation field sizes is 1.5 %. The effect of the dosemeter size cannot be neglected. The difference in the f(md) due to the radiation field sizes of different beams would increase as the dosemeter size increases. PMID:22562942
Zhu, Jinhan; Chen, Shaowen; Chen, Lixin; Liu, Xiaowei
Brazilian gamma-neutron dosemeter: response to 241AmBe and 252Cf neutron sources.
With the aim of improving the monitoring of workers potentially exposed to neutron radiation in Brazil, the IPEN/CNEN-SP in association with PRO-RAD designed and developed a passive individual gamma-neutron mixed-field dosemeter calibrated to be used to (241)AmBe sources. To verify the dosimetry system response to different neutron spectra, prototypes were irradiated with a (252)Cf source and evaluated using the dose-calculation algorithm developed for (241)AmBe sources. PMID:21186217
Souto, E B; Campos, L L
Characterising Passive Dosemeters for Dosimetry of Biological Experiments in Space (dobies)
Introduction: The DOBIES (Dosimetry of biological experi-ments in space) project focusses on the use of a stan-dard dosimetric method (as a combination of differ-ent passive techniques) to measure accurately the absorbed doses and equivalent doses in biological samples. Dose measurements on biological samples are of high interest in the fields of radiobiology and exobiology. Radiation doses absorbed by biological samples must be quantified to be able to determine the relationship between observed biological effects and the radiation dose. The radiation field in space is very complex, con-sisting of protons, neutrons, electrons and high-energy heavy charged particles. It is not straightfor-ward to measure doses in this radiation field, cer-tainly not with only small and light passive doseme-ters. The properties of the passive detectors must be tested in radiation fields that are representative of the space radiation. We will report on the characterisation of different type of passive detectors at high energy fields. The results from such characterisation measurements will be applied to recent exposures of detectors on the International Space Station. Material and methods: Following passive detectors are used: • thermoluminescent detectors (TLD) • optically stimulated luminescence detectors (OSLD) • track etch detectors (TED) The different groups have participated in the past to the ICCHIBAN series of irradiations. Here protons and other particles of high energy were used to de-termine the LET-dependency of the passive detec-tors. The last few months, new irradiations have been done at the iThemba labs (100-200 MeV protons), Dubna (145 MeV protons) and the JRC-IRMM (quasi mono energetic neutrons up to 19 MeV). All these detectors were also exposed to a simulated space radiation field at CERN (CERF-field). Discussion: The interpretation of the TLD and OSLD results is done using the measured LET spectrum (TED) and the LET-dependency curves of ths TLD and OSLDs. These LET- dependency curves are determined based on the different irradiations listed above. We will report on the results of the different detectors in these fields. Further information on the LET of the space irradia-tion can be deduced from the ratio of the different peaks of the TLDs after glow curve deconvolution, and from the shape of the decay curve of the OSLDs. The results in the CERF field can on the other hand directly being used as a calibration for space radia-tion fields. Conclusion: Combining different passive detectors will lead to improved information on the radiation field, and thus to a better estimation of the absorbed dose to the bio-logical samples. We use the characterisations on high energy accelerators to improve the estimation of some recent space doses.
Vanhavere, Filip; Spurny, Frantisek; Yukihara, Eduardo; Genicot, Jean-Louis
ENEA extremity dosemeter based on LiF(Mg,Cu,P) to evaluate Hp(3,alpha).
Recent epidemiological studies suggest a rather low-dose threshold (<0.5 Gy) for the induction of a cataract of the eye lens. Some other studies even assume that there is no threshold at all. Therefore, protection measures have to be optimised and current dose limits for the eye lens may be reduced in the future. ICRP Publication 103 on H(p)(d), in §(136), reads that '… a depth d = 3 mm has been proposed for the rare case of monitoring the dose to the lens of the eye. In practice, however, H(p)(3) has rarely been monitored and H(p)(0.07) can be used for the same monitoring purpose… '. As recommended on the EU 'Technical recommendations for monitoring individuals occupationally exposed to external radiation', a test on the ENEA TL extremity dosemeter is herein reported. The results within the actual EU founded Optimization of RAdiation protection for MEDical staff (ORAMED) Project, whose WP2 is aimed at the quantity H(p)(3) and eye lens dosimetry in practice, are taken into account. The paper summarises the main aspects of the study carried out at ENEA-Radiation Protection Institute (Bologna, Italy) to provide practical solutions (in the use and the design) to evaluate the response of the ENEA TL extremity dosemeter in terms of H(p)(3). PMID:21224262
Mariotti, F; Fantuzzi, E; Morelli, B; Gualdrini, G; Botta, M C; Uleri, G; Bordy, J M; Denoziere, M
Efficiency of a radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeter for low-earth-orbit space radiation
Chips of a radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeter (RPLG) were used for measurements of space radiation during a 9.8 d Shuttle-Mir mission (STS-91) at an altitude of 400 km and an inclination of 51.65 degrees. Two of RPLG chips were put into each of 59 positions in or on a life-size human phantom. The RPLG values equivalent to 137Cs gamma ray absorbed doses were found to be systematically lower than those of a Mg2SiO4:Tb thermoluminescence dosemeter (TDMS). In comparison with the organ or tissue absorbed dose and dose equivalent values that were estimated using a combination of TDMS and plastic nuclear track detectors, the efficiencies of the RPLG chips were about 80% for the water absorbed dose and about 40% for the dose equivalent. Whereas the percentage values will change during different missions, such additional information obtained from small RPLG chips is useful for improving the reliability of radiation dosimetry in space.
Yasuda, H.; Fujitaka, K.; Badhwar, G. D. (Principal Investigator)
Personal(ized) Health Monitoring, Personalization, and Personality
Use of technology in individual health monitoring is predicted to be widespread in near future healthcare systems and in smart home environments. The term Personalized Health Monitoring (PHM) is proposed for these applications. A framework describing aspects of personalization and personality that are relevant to personalized health monitoring is presented. The framework addresses personal data, adaptability, feedback, and personality. Influence
Dieter Rhode
Track-etch dosemeter response to neutrons up to 300 MeV
Electro-chemical and chemical track-etch dosemeters were obtained from commercial suppliers and exposed to neutrons produced at the LANTF WNR white neutron source at 15{degree} with no shielding and filtered by polyethylene blocks of 2.5, 5.1, 10.2, 20.3 and 40.6 cin thickness. The neutron spectrum was determined using calculations. Mean energies from 28 to 300 MeV were produced. Dose was calculated from the NCRP-38 flux-to-dose conversion. The results are compared with NTA film which was exposed in the same configuration. The response of track etch dosimeters was found to reach a minimum and then rise as the average neutron energy increased. The response of the NTA film increased as the neutron energy increased.
Devine, R.T.; Walker, S.; Staples, P.; Duran, M. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Mundis, R.; Miller, J. [Science Applications International Corp., Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Al 2O 3:C as a sensitive OSL dosemeter for rapid assessment of environmental photon dose rates
The use of Al2O3:C single crystals as optically stimulated luminescnce (OSL) dosemeters for rapid assessment of the environmental photon dose rate is proposed. It is shown that Al2O3:C possesses higher OSL sensitivity than TL sensitivity. In TL measurements thermal quenching is a major problem that crucially depends on the heating rate used and, therefore, the all-optical nature of the OSL
L. Břtter-Jensen; N. Agersnap Larsen; B. G. Markey; S. W. S. McKeever
The Impact of Electronic Mobility Devices for Persons Who Are Visually Impaired: A Systematic Review of Effects and Effectiveness
A systematic review of the international literature was conducted to investigate the effects and effectiveness of electronic mobility devices. Of the 13 studies that were reviewed, all but one demonstrated effects of the use of these devices, and generally, users evaluated the devices' functionality as beneficial. (Contains 1 table.)
Data Stewardship: Managing Personally Identifiable Information in Electronic Student Education Records. SLDS Technical Brief 2. NCES 2011-602
The growth of electronic student data in America's education system has focused attention on the ways these data are collected, processed, stored, and used. The use of records in Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems to follow the progress of individual students over time requires maintaining student education records that include information that…
National Center for Education Statistics, 2010
Study on the response of thermoluminescent dosemeters to synchrotron radiation: experimental method and Monte Carlo calculations.
In the present study, the energy dependence of response of some popular thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs) have been investigated such as LiF:Mg,Ti, LiF:Mg,Cu,P and CaSO(4):Dy to synchrotron radiation in the energy range of 10-34 keV. The study utilised experimental, Monte Carlo and analytical methods. The Monte Carlo calculations were based on the EGSnrc and FLUKA codes. The calculated energy response of all the TLDs using the EGSnrc and FLUKA codes shows excellent agreement with each other. The analytically calculated response shows good agreement with the Monte Carlo calculated response in the low-energy region. In the case of CaSO(4):Dy, the Monte Carlo-calculated energy response is smaller by a factor of 3 at all energies in comparison with the experimental response when polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (75 % by wt) is included in the Monte Carlo calculations. When PTFE is ignored in the Monte Carlo calculations, the difference between the calculated and experimental response decreases (both responses are comparable >25 keV). For the LiF-based TLDs, the Monte Carlo-based response shows reasonable agreement with the experimental response. PMID:20308052
Bakshi, A K; Chatterjee, S; Palani Selvam, T; Dhabekar, B S
Use of Electronic Technologies to Promote Community and Personal Health for Individuals Unconnected to Health Care Systems
Ensuring health care services for populations outside the mainstream health care system is challenging for all providers. But developing the health care infrastructure to better serve such unconnected individuals is critical to their health care status, to third-party payers, to overall cost savings in public health, and to reducing health disparities. Our increasingly sophisticated electronic technologies offer promising ways to more effectively engage this difficult to reach group and increase its access to health care resources. This process requires developing not only newer technologies but also collaboration between community leaders and health care providers to bring unconnected individuals into formal health care systems. We present three strategies to reach vulnerable groups, outline benefits and challenges, and provide examples of successful programs.
Crilly, John F.; Volpe, Fred
Selection of the most appropriate two-dosemeter algorithm for estimating effective dose equivalent during maintenance periods in Korean nuclear power plants.
The application of a two-dosemeter system with its algorithm, as well as a test of its use in an inhomogeneous high-radiation field, is described in this study. The goal was to improve the method for estimating the effective dose equivalent during maintenance periods at Korean Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). The use of this method in Korean and international NPPs, including those NPPs in the USA and Canada, was also investigated. The algorithms used by the the American National Standards Institute, Lakshmanan, the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP), the Electric Power Research Institute and Kim were extensively analysed as two-dosemeter algorithms. Their possible application to NPPs was evaluated using data for each algorithm from two-dosemeter results that were obtained from an inhomogeneous high-radiation field during maintenance periods at Korean NPPs. The NCRP algorithm (55:50) was selected as an optimal two-dosemeter algorithm for Korean NPPs by taking into account the field test results and the convenience of wearing two dosemeters. PMID:20203124
Kim, Hee Geun; Kong, Tae Young
Quality assurance and quality control programme in the Personal Dosimetry Department of the Greek Atomic Energy Commission.
A quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) programme was applied to the personal monitoring department (TLD based) of the Greek Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC). This programme was designed according to the recommendations of international bodies such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the European Commission (CEC). This paper deals with the presentation of the QA/QC programme which includes administrative data and information, technical checking of the equipment, acceptance tests of new equipment and dosemeters, issuing and processing of the dosemeters, dose evaluation, record keeping and reporting, traceability and reproducibility, handling of complaints, internal reviews and external audits. PMID:12382742
Kamenopoulou, V; Drikos, G; Carinou, E; Papadomarkaki, E; Askounis, P; Kyrgiakou, H; Kefalonitis, N
Probing the Potential of Electronic Publishing and Computer Software for Personal Use. Report of an Aspen Institute Conference (Queenstown, Maryland, January 12-14, 1988). Communications and Society Forum Report #6.
This report summarizes the presentations and discussions at a conference on the development of new products and services in electronic publishing and computer software for personal use. It is noted that the 26 participants came from a variety of perspectives, including the publishing and computer software industries; the fields of home…
Rice, Michael
Mystery Person
This article features a mathematical game called "Mystery Person." The author describes how the Mystery Person game was tried with first-graders [age 6]. The Mystery games involve the generation of key questions, the coordination of information--often very complex information--and the formulation of consequences based on this coordination.…
O'Brien, Tom
Patient Experiences With Full Electronic Access to Health Records and Clinical Notes Through the My HealtheVet Personal Health Record Pilot: Qualitative Study
Background Full sharing of the electronic health record with patients has been identified as an important opportunity to engage patients in their health and health care. The My HealtheVet Pilot, the initial personal health record of the US Department of Veterans Affairs, allowed patients and their delegates to view and download content in their electronic health record, including clinical notes, laboratory tests, and imaging reports. Objective A qualitative study with purposeful sampling sought to examine patients' views and experiences with reading their health records, including their clinical notes, online. Methods Five focus group sessions were conducted with patients and family members who enrolled in the My HealtheVet Pilot at the Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center, Oregon. A total of 30 patients enrolled in the My HealtheVet Pilot, and 6 family members who had accessed and viewed their electronic health records participated in the sessions. Results Four themes characterized patient experiences with reading the full complement of their health information. Patients felt that seeing their records positively affected communication with providers and the health system, enhanced knowledge of their health and improved self-care, and allowed for greater participation in the quality of their care such as follow-up of abnormal test results or decision-making on when to seek care. While some patients felt that seeing previously undisclosed information, derogatory language, or inconsistencies in their notes caused challenges, they overwhelmingly felt that having more, rather than less, of their health record information provided benefits. Conclusions Patients and their delegates had predominantly positive experiences with health record transparency and the open sharing of notes and test results. Viewing their records appears to empower patients and enhance their contributions to care, calling into question common provider concerns about the effect of full record access on patient well-being. While shared records may or may not impact overall clinic workload, it is likely to change providers' work, necessitating new types of skills to communicate and partner with patients.
Schwartz, Erin; Tuepker, Anais; Press, Nancy A; Nazi, Kim M; Turvey, Carolyn L; Nichol, W. Paul
Characterisation of energy response of Al2O3:C optically stimulated luminescent dosemeters (OSLDs) using cavity theory
Aluminium oxide (Al2O3:C) is a common material used in optically stimulated luminescent dosemeters (OSLDs). OSLDs have a known energy dependence, which can impact on the accuracy of dose measurements, especially for lower photon energies, where the dosemeter can overrespond by a factor of 3–4. The purpose of this work was to characterise the response of Al2O3:C using cavity theory and to evaluate the applicability of this approach for polyenergetic photon beams. The cavity theory energy response showed good agreement (within 2 %) with the corresponding measured values. A comparison with measured values reported in the literature for low-energy polyenergetic spectra showed more varied agreement (within 6 % on average). The discrepancy between these results is attributed to differences in the raw photon energy spectra used to calculate the energy response. Analysis of the impact of the photon energy spectra versus the mean photon energy showed improved accuracy if the energy response was determined using the entire photon spectrum rather than the mean photon energy. If not accounted for, the overresponse due to photon energy could introduce substantial inaccuracy in dose measurement using OSLDs, and the results of this study indicate that cavity theory may be used to determine the response with reasonable accuracy.
Scarboro, S. B.; Kry, S. F.
Bias and uncertainty of penetrating photon dose measured by film dosemeters in an epidemiological study of US nuclear workers.
A retrospective exposure assessment of 1269 study subjects was completed for use in a multi-site case-control study of the relationship between protracted workplace external radiation exposure and leukaemia mortality. The majority of exposure data result from film badge monitoring programmes at the four US weapons production facilities and a US Naval shipyard. Bias and uncertainty in reported exposures among study facilities and across time were as result of differences in incident photon energy, exposure geometry, dosemeter type and dosimetry methods. These sources of measurement uncertainty were examined by facility and time to derive bias factors (B) for normalising exposures. In conjunction with facility reported results, the bias factors provide a means to estimate the equivalent dose, penetrating to a depth of 10 mm [H(p)(10)] and the equivalent dose to the active bone marrow for use in the epidemiological study. Uncertainty was expressed as the constructed 95% confidence interval (i.e. the 2.5th-97.5th% range) of the estimated parameter. The bias factors indicate that recorded exposures provide a reasonable estimate of H(p)(10) (bias factor near unity) and overestimate equivalent dose to active bone marrow (H(T)) by a factor between 1.2 and 1.7. On average, dosemeter-response uncertainties estimated using Monte Carlo simulation were approximately +/-19 and +/-33% for H(p)(10) and H(T), respectively. PMID:15769802
Daniels, R D; Schubauer-Berigan, M K
Personalized Instruction.
Describes the six basic elements of personalized instruction: The dual teacher role (coach and advisor), diagnosing student learning characteristics, a culture of collegiality, interactive learning environments, flexible scheduling and pacing, and authentic assessment. (Contains 23 references.) (PKP)
Keefe, James W.; Jenkins, John M.
Personal emergency response systems.
A personal response system is a signaling device that summons help during an emergency. Although personal response systems vary widely, there are three components. The first component is the electronic hardware in the home, which consists of portable and installed sensors and the control console. The second component is the emergency response center, which is either provider-based or manufacturer-based. The third component involves the dispatch of appropriate assistance. The primary users of personal response systems are women in their seventies and eighties who live alone and who have cardiac and musculoskeletal problems, which make them prone to falls. The frequency of personal response system use varies from an average of 0.44 to 0.84 emergencies per subscriber per year. Program coordinators believe that personal response systems help to delay institutionalization, reduce admissions to hospitals, substantially shorten hospital stays, and reduce the duration of home attendant services. The most favorable impact of the personal response system has been its psychologic value to the users and their families. PMID:1429819
Redd, J L; Zura, R D; Tanner, A E; Walk, E E; Wu, M M; Edlich, R F
Personalized ophthalmology.
Ophthalmology has been an early adopter of personalized medicine. Drawing on genomic advances to improve molecular diagnosis, such as next-generation sequencing, and basic and translational research to develop novel therapies, application of genetic technologies in ophthalmology now heralds development of gene replacement therapies for some inherited monogenic eye diseases. It also promises to alter prediction, diagnosis and management of the complex disease age-related macular degeneration. Personalized ophthalmology is underpinned by an understanding of the molecular basis of eye disease. Two important areas of focus are required for adoption of personalized approaches: disease stratification and individualization. Disease stratification relies on phenotypic and genetic assessment leading to molecular diagnosis; individualization encompasses all aspects of patient management from optimized genetic counseling and conventional therapies to trials of novel DNA-based therapies. This review discusses the clinical implications of these twin strategies. Advantages and implications of genetic testing for patients with inherited eye diseases, choice of molecular diagnostic modality, drivers for adoption of personalized ophthalmology, service planning implications, ethical considerations and future challenges are considered. Indeed, whilst many difficulties remain, personalized ophthalmology truly has the potential to revolutionize the specialty. PMID:24665880
Porter, L F; Black, G C M
Personal Dose Equivalent Conversion Coefficients For Photons To 1 GEV
The personal dose equivalent, H{sub p}(d), is the quantity recommended by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) to be used as an approximation of the protection quantity Effective Dose when performing personal dosemeter calibrations. The personal dose equivalent can be defined for any location and depth within the body. Typically, the location of interest is the trunk where personal dosemeters are usually worn and in this instance a suitable approximation is a 30 cm X 30 cm X 15 cm slab-type phantom. For this condition the personal dose equivalent is denoted as H{sub p,slab}(d) and the depths, d, are taken to be 0.007 cm for non-penetrating and 1 cm for penetrating radiation. In operational radiation protection a third depth, 0.3 cm, is used to approximate the dose to the lens of the eye. A number of conversion coefficients for photons are available for incident energies up to several MeV, however, data to higher energies are limited. In this work conversion coefficients up to 1 GeV have been calculated for H{sub p,slab}(10) and H{sub p,slab}(3) using both the kerma approximation and by tracking secondary charged particles. For H{sub p}(0.07) the conversion coefficients were calculated, but only to 10 MeV due to computational limitations. Additionally, conversions from air kerma to H{sub p,slab}(d) have been determined and are reported. The conversion coefficients were determined for discrete incident energies, but analytical fits of the coefficients over the energy range are provided. Since the inclusion of air can influence the production of secondary charged particles incident on the face of the phantom conversion coefficients have been determined both in vacuo and with the source and slab immersed within a sphere in air. The conversion coefficients for the personal dose equivalent are compared to the appropriate protection quantity, calculated according to the recommendations of the latest International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) guidance.
Veinot, K. G.; Hertel, N. E.
Personal Revelation
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Activity: You are going to develop a scripture chain that teaches us how we can receive Personal Revelation. Remember, when we talk to Heavenly Father we call it prayer. When Heavenly Father responds to us by the Holy Ghost we call it Personal Revelation. Teaching Emphasis (Core) I cannot use any language that describes to you what a revelation is. Somebody said, How can I tell if I have a revelation? I have had a feeling that such and such is true. How can I be sure? ...Revelation is something you experience, and the way that ...
Vasas, Brother
Personal Finance.
Developed as part of the Marine Corps Institute (MCI) correspondence training program, this course on personal finance is designed to provide all Marines with the ability to manage their financial affairs successfully. Introductory materials include specific information for MCI students, a course introduction, and a study guide (guidelines to…
Marine Corps Inst., Washington, DC.
Exploring Factors Related to the Adoption and Acceptance of an Internet-based Electronic Personal Health Management Tool (EPHMT) in a Low Income, Special Needs Population of People Living with HIV and AIDS in New York City.
Access to personal health information assists efforts to improve health outcomes and creates a population of active and informed health consumers. Understanding this significance, Healthy People 2020 retained, as a Focus Area, the need for improved interactive Health Communication and HIT. Attainment of this goal includes increasing the use of Internet-based electronic personal health management tools (EPHMT). Health information management, essential for favorable health outcomes, can be problematic in low income, special needs populations with complex chronic illnesses such as HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, barriers to the adoption and acceptance of an EPHMT in such populations have not been well explored. The current study seeks to explore the usability of an EPHMT entitled MyHealthProfile and to identify perceived health information needs in a vulnerable population of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWH) that have access to an EPHMT through their Medicaid Special Needs Plan. PMID:24943537
Odlum, Michelle; Gordon, Peter; Camhi, Eli; Valdez, Esmerlin; Bakken, Suzanne
Personal Beacon
The MicroPLB (personal locator beacon) is a search and rescue satellite-aided tracking (SARSAT) transmitter. When activated it emits a distress signal to a constellation of internationally operated satellites. The endangered person's identity and location anywhere on Earth is automatically forwarded to central monitoring stations around the world. It is accurate to within just a few meters. The user uses the device to download navigation data from a global positioning satellite receiver. After the download is complete, the MicroPLB functions as a self-locating beacon. Also, it is the only PLB to use a safe battery. In the past, other PLB devices have used batteries that have enough volatility to explode with extreme force. It was developed by Microwave Monolithic, Inc. through SBIR funding from Glenn Research Center and Goddard Space Flight Center.
Extremity and whole-body dosemeters for beta and beta gamma fields based on LiF:Mg,Cu,P thin detectors.
This study aims at proposing two TL dosemeters: one for the whole body and another for the extremities, for beta and gamma fields. Selected sensible material consists of 5 mg x cm(-2) LiF:Mg,Cu,P film (GR-200F) manufactured in China. Calibration was carried out according to ISO 4037-3, in terms of Hp(0.07), and dosimetric performance was analysed on the basis of IEC-1066 and ISO-12794 Standards. Experiments showed a satisfactory sensitivity of the proposed dosemeters for detecting beta radiation at protection levels and a very good energy response; thus, highly recommending their use for weakly penetrating radiation measurements. However, the homogeneity and the reproducibility of GR-200F are not found to be as reliable as in standard materials. PMID:12382748
Pérez, S; Ginjaume, M; Ortega, X; Duch, M A; Roig, M
Development of a fibre-optic dosemeter to measure the skin dose and percentage depth dose in the build-up region of therapeutic photon beams.
In this study, a fibre-optic dosemeter (FOD) using an organic scintillator with a diameter of 0.5 mm for photon-beam therapy dosimetry was fabricated. The fabricated dosemeter has many advantages, including water equivalence, high spatial resolution, remote sensing and real-time measurement. The scintillating light generated from an organic-dosemeter probe embedded in a solid-water stack phantom is guided to a photomultiplier tube and an electrometer via 20 m of plastic optical fibre. Using this FOD, the skin dose and the percentage depth dose in the build-up region according to the depths of a solid-water stack phantom are measured with 6- and 15-MV photon-beam energies with field sizes of 10 × 10 and 20 × 20 cm(2), respectively. The results are compared with those measured using conventional dosimetry films. It is expected that the proposed FOD can be effectively used in radiotherapy dosimetry for accurate measurement of the skin dose and the depth dose distribution in the build-up region due to its high spatial resolution. PMID:22764176
Kim, K-A; Yoo, W J; Jang, K W; Moon, J; Han, K-T; Jeon, D; Park, J-Y; Cha, E-J; Lee, B
Personalized neuroprosthetics.
Decades of technological developments have populated the field of neuroprosthetics with myriad replacement strategies, neuromodulation therapies, and rehabilitation procedures to improve the quality of life for individuals with neuromotor disorders. Despite the few but impressive clinical successes, and multiple breakthroughs in animal models, neuroprosthetic technologies remain mainly confined to sophisticated laboratory environments. We summarize the core principles and latest achievements in neuroprosthetics, but also address the challenges that lie along the path toward clinical fruition. We propose a pragmatic framework to personalize neurotechnologies and rehabilitation for patient-specific impairments to achieve the timely dissemination of neuroprosthetic medicine. PMID:24197737
Borton, David; Micera, Silvestro; Millán, José del R; Courtine, Grégoire
Biobanks and personalized medicine.
We provide a mini-review of how biobanks can support clinical genetics in the era of personalized medicine. We discuss types of biobanks, including disease specific and general biobanks not focused on one disease. We present considerations in setting up a biobank, including consenting and governance, biospecimens, risk factor and related data, informatics, and linkage to electronic health records for phenotyping. We also discuss the uses of biobanks and ongoing considerations, including genotype-driven recruitment, investigations of gene-environment associations, and the re-use of data generated from studies. Finally, we present a brief discussion of some of the unresolved issues, such as return of research results and sustaining biobanks over time. In summary, carefully designed biobanks can provide critical research and infrastructure support for clinical genetics in the era of personalized medicine. PMID:24588254
Olson, J E; Bielinski, S J; Ryu, E; Winkler, E M; Takahashi, P Y; Pathak, J; Cerhan, J R
[Personalized neurooncology].
The treatment of patients with intrinsic brain tumors is radically changing. This change is currently not (yet) signified by the use of targeted therapy in clinical practice but more by the definition of molecular markers as predictors for response to therapy which have been used for a long time. While in the past the choice of treatment has been based solely on the tumor entity and its degree of malignancy derived from histological analyses, large randomized trials have now provided a solid basis for personalized molecular-guided treatment decisions. For instance, in the German NOA-08 trial a benefit of chemotherapy with temozolomide alone was only demonstrated in a subgroup of elderly patients with malignant gliomas displaying promoter hypermethylation of the DNA repair enzyme MGMT. This is only one of several examples where molecular analysis of tumor tissue becomes clinically relevant as these analyses can and should be taken into account for treatment decisions and not, as previously, just as an additional parameter for estimating prognosis. This article illustrates the current developments in the area of personalized neurooncology and critically reviews the impact on clinical decision-making in daily practice. PMID:23775285
Platten, M; Steinbach, J P; Wick, W
Alarm inhalation dosemeter for long living radioactive dust due to an uncontrolled release
MyRIAM is the acronym for My Radioactivity In Air Monitor and points out that the device was designed for personal use to detect any radioactivity in the air at the place and at the moment of danger. The active air sampling process enables a detection limit several orders of magnitude below that of Gamma detectors. Therefore, it is the unique way to detect dangerous exposures in time. Individual protection against inhalation of long living radioactive dust (LLRD) saves human life and health. LLRD may occur in natural environment as well as in case of nuclear accidence or military and terrorist attacks. But in any case, the immediate warning of the population is of great importance. Keep in mind: it is very easy to avoid LLRD inhalation-but you have to recognize the imminent danger. The second requirement of gap-less documentation and reliable assessment of any derived LLRD exposure is building the link to Dosimetry applications. The paper demonstrates the possibility to design small and low cost air samplers, which can be used as personal alarm dosimeters and fulfil the requirements mentioned above. Several test measurements taken by a mobile phone sized MyRIAM, shall be used to demonstrate the correctness of this statement.
Streil, T.; Oeser, V.; Rambousky, R.; Buchholz, F. W.
MyRIAM is the acronym for My Radioactivity In Air Monitor and points out that the device was designed for personal use to detect any radioactivity in the air at the place and at the moment of danger. The active air sampling process enables a detection limit several orders of magnitude below that of Gamma detectors. Therefore, it is the unique way to detect dangerous exposures in time.Individual protection against inhalation of long living radioactive dust (LLRD) saves human life and health. LLRD may occur in natural environment as well as in case of nuclear accidence or military and terrorist attacks. But in any case, the immediate warning of the population is of great importance. Keep in mind: it is very easy to avoid LLRD inhalation--but you have to recognize the imminent danger. The second requirement of gap-less documentation and reliable assessment of any derived LLRD exposure is building the link to Dosimetry applications.The paper demonstrates the possibility to design small and low cost air samplers, which can be used as personal alarm dosimeters and fulfil the requirements mentioned above.Several test measurements taken by a mobile phone sized MyRIAM, shall be used to demonstrate the correctness of this statement.
Streil, T.; Oeser, V. [SARAD GmbH, Wiesbadener Str. 10-20, D-01159 Dresden (Germany); Rambousky, R.; Buchholz, F. W. [SARAD GmbH, Wiesbadener Str. 10-20, D-01159 Dresden (Germany); Armed Forces Scientific Institute for Protection Technologies-NBC Protection PO.Box 1142, 29633 Munster (Germany)
On the use of LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescence dosemeters in space--a critical review.
The use of LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs) in space radiation fields is reviewed. It is demonstrated in the context of modified track structure theory and microdosimetric track structure theory that there is no unique correlation between the relative thermoluminescence (TL) efficiency of heavy charged particles, neutrons of all energies and linear energy transfer (LET). Many experimental measurements dating back more than two decades also demonstrate the multivalued, non-universal, relationship between relative TL efficiency and LET. It is further demonstrated that the relative intensities of the dosimetric peaks and especially the high-temperature structure are dependent on a large number of variables, some controllable, some not. It is concluded that TL techniques employing the concept of LET (e.g. measurement of total dose, the high-temperature ratio (HTR) methods and other combinations of the relative TL efficiency of the various peaks used to estimate average Q or simulate Q-LET relationships) should be regarded as lacking a sound theoretical basis, highly prone to error and, as well, lack of reproducibility/universality due to the absence of a standardised experimental protocol essential to reliable experimental methodology. PMID:14653322
Horowitz, Y S; Satinger, D; Fuks, E; Oster, L; Podpalov, L
Assessment of effective radiation dose of an extremity CBCT, MSCT and conventional X ray for knee area using MOSFET dosemeters.
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the organ and effective doses in the knee area resulting from different commercially available multislice computed tomography devices (MSCT), one cone beam computed tomography device (CBCT) and one conventional X-ray radiography device using MOSFET dosemeters and an anthropomorphic RANDO knee phantom. Measurements of the MSCT devices resulted in effective doses ranging between 27 and 48 µSv. The CBCT measurements resulted in an effective dose of 12.6 µSv. The effective doses attained using the conventional radiography device were 1.8 µSv for lateral and 1.2 µSv for anterior-posterior projections. The effective dose resulting from conventional radiography was considerably lower than those recorded for the CBCT and MSCT devices. The MSCT effective dose results were two to four times higher than those measured on the CBCT device. This study demonstrates that CBCT can be regarded as a potential low-dose 3D imaging technique for knee examinations. PMID:23825221
Koivisto, Juha; Kiljunen, Timo; Wolff, Jan; Kortesniemi, Mika
Interference potential of personal radio services
One of the major complaints made against the CB Radio Service is the large amount of interference caused to other services or devices. The FCC's Personal Radio Planning Group made a detailed analysis of the interference potential of personal radio services. Interference to television, other broadcast services, home electronic devices, cable television and land mobile systems was studied. This paper
M. W. Swartwout
Can computer personalities be human personalities?
The present study demonstrates that (1) computer personalities can be easily created using a minimal set of cues, and (2) that people will respond to these personalities in the same way they would respond to similar human personalities. The present study focuses on the "simikirityattraction hypothesis," which predicts that people will prefer to interact with others who are similar in
Clifford Nass; Youngme Moon; B. J. Fogg; Byron Reeves; Chris Dryer
A comparison of treatment eligibility for hepatitis C virus in HCV-monoinfected versus HCV/HIV-coinfected persons in electronically retrieved cohort of HCV-infected veterans.
Treatment rates for hepatitis C virus (HCV) are low in actual clinical settings. However, the proportion of patients eligible for treatment, especially among those coinfected with HIV, is not well known. Our aim was to determine and compare the rates for HCV treatment eligibility among HCV and HCV-HIV-coinfected persons. We assembled a national cohort of HCV-infected veterans in care from 1998-2003, using the VA National Patient Care Database for demographic/clinical information, the Pharmacy Benefits Management database for pharmacy records, and the Decision Support Systems database for laboratory data. We compared the HCV-monoinfected and HCV-HIV-coinfected subjects for treatment indications and eligibility using current treatment guidelines. Of the 27,452 subjects with HCV and 1225 with HCV-HIV coinfection, 74.0% and 84.6% had indications for therapy and among these, 43.9% of HCV-monoinfected and 28.4% of HCV-HIV-coinfected subjects were eligible for treatment. Anemia, decompensated liver disease (DLD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), recent alcohol abuse, and coronary artery disease were the most common contraindications in the HCV, and anemia, DLD, renal failure, recent drug abuse, and COPD in the HCV-HIV-coinfected group. Among those eligible for treatment, only 23% of the HCV-monoinfected and 15% of the HCV-HIV-coinfected subjects received any treatment for HCV. Most veterans with HCV are not eligible for treatment according to the current guidelines. Even for those who are eligible for treatment, only a minority is prescribed treatment. Several contraindications are modifiable and aggressive management of those may improve treatment prescription rates. PMID:21338329
Butt, Adeel A; McGinnis, Kathleen; Skanderson, Melissa; Justice, Amy C
Genetics of personality disorders
This paper provides a brief review of genetically informative studies of personality disorders. Findings from twin and adoption studies suggest that personality disorders are moderately to strongly heritable (heritability estimates between 30% and 80%) and that environmental factors that increase the risk of personality disorder are individual specific (non-shared environment estimates between 25% and 70%). Molecular genetic studies of personality
Nathalie Fontaine; Essi Viding
Stiff-Person Syndrome
NINDS Stiff-Person Syndrome Information Page Table of Contents (click to jump to sections) What is Stiff-Person Syndrome? Is there ... being done? Clinical Trials Organizations What is Stiff-Person Syndrome? Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare ...
Discovering the Hidden Person.
Working from normalization theory, uses a graphical metaphor to illustrate the liberation of the "hidden self." Explains the layers of the metaphor, the "false person," the "intelligent, rational person," and the "hidden person," and offers several ways educators can work to uncover the layers surrounding the hidden person. (EV)
Zener, Rita; Ezcurdia, Laura Noriega
Experimental Calibration and Determination of the Relative Response for Lif: Mg, Ti(TLD-100) Dosemeters at sup 60 Co gamma and 60 kVp X-Ray Energies.
The thermoluminescence efficiency of LiF: Mg, Ti (TLD-100) dosemeters has been determined for photon beams from sup 60 Co gamma rays and 60 kVp X-rays. It has been proven that light yield varies as a function of the photon energy. An experiment was perfor...
M. L. Marco L. Gonzalez V. Delgado E. Vano P. Moran
Personality and Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Objectives: We aimed to review how personality characteristics contribute to the onset, maintenance or modulation of fibromyalgia. Method: The databases Medline and PsychINFO were examined from 1967 to 2012 to identify studies that investigated associations between fibromyalgia and personality. Search terms included fibromyalgia and personality, trait psychology, characteristics and individual differences. Results: Numerous studies indicate that patients with fibromyalgia experience psychological distress. Various instruments have been used to evaluate distress and related psychological domains, such as anxiety or depression, in fibromyalgia. In many cases, these same instruments have been used to study personality characteristics in fibromyalgia with a subsequent blurring of cause and effect between personality and psychological distress. In addition, the symptoms of fibromyalgia may change pre-illness personality characteristics themselves. These issues make it difficult to identify specific personality characteristics that might influence the fibromyalgia process. Despite this inherent problem with the methodologies used in the studies that make up this literature review, or perhaps because of it, we found no defined personality profile specific to fibromyalgia. However, many patients with fibromyalgia do show personality characteristics that facilitate psychological responses to stressful situations, such as catastrophising or poor coping techniques, and these in turn associate with mechanisms contributing to fibromyalgia. Conclusion: No specific fibromyalgia personality is defined but it is proposed that personality is an important filter that modulates a person's response to psychological stressors. Certain personalities may facilitate translation of these stressors to physiological responses driving the fibromyalgia mechanism.
Malin, Katrina; Littlejohn, Geoffrey O
Personal identity, multiple personality, and hypnosis
The concept of multiple personality ia critically examined in the light of its historical development. Various conceptions of multiple personality are considered: aa a diagnostic fashion; aa a product of shaping in therapy; as a product of hypnotic suggestion; as simulation; and aa an extension of characteristica found in "normal" personslitiea. These considerations lead to the conclusion that the significant
J. P. Sutcliffe; Jean Jones
Low-Voltage-Operation High-Power-Density AlGaAs/InGaAs Enhancement-Mode Pseudomorphic High-Electron-Mobility Transistor for Personal Handy-Phone Handset Application
A high-power-density enhancement-mode AlGaAs/InGaAs pseudomorphic high-electron-mobility transistor (E-PHEMT) is developed for the Japanese personal handy-phone system (PHS). The E-PHEMT has a total gate width of 3.36 mm with a gate length of 0.5 ?m. The E-PHEMT shows a high power density of 247 mW/mm at 3.6 V, 196 mW/mm at 3 V, 152 mW/mm at 2.4 V and 63 mW/mm at 1.2 V, this is the highest power density reported so far for E-PHEMT with similar device size and bias conditions. When the E-PHEMT was qualified by 1.9 GHz ?/4-shifted quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulated signal for PHS at 2.4 V with idle current of 30 mA, the device shows a linear PAE of 35.1% with associated power gain of 15.5 dB at output power of 22.4 dBm. The adjacent channel leakage power (Padj) of the device is -56.6 dBc at 600 kHz apart from the center frequency. The E-PHEMT meets PHS specifications and demonstrates high power density, excellent power efficiency and linearity at low bias voltage.
Chen, Szu-Hung; Chang, Li; Chang, Edward Yi; Chang, Chun-Yen
Personality and Prejudice.
This paper examines authoritariansim and prejudice from the perspective of contemporary personality theory and literature. Historical theories are reviewed, concluding with current views on right-wing authoritariansim. Factor- based models of personality ...
J. L. Johnson
Borderline Personality Disorder
... results from the borderline personality disorder study of cognitive therapy (BOSCOT) trial. J Personal Disord . 2006 Oct;20( ... McCormick B, Allen J, Arndt S, Black DW. Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) for ...
Personal Software Process (PSP).
The Personal Software Process (PSP) provides engineers with a disciplined personal framework for doing software work. The PSP process consists of a set of methods, forms. and scripts that show software engineers how to plan, measure, and manage their work...
W. S. Humphrey
Schizotypal personality disorder
... have depression. A second personality disorder, such as paranoid personality disorder, is also common. Common signs of ... of risk, such as a family history of schizophrenia, may allow early diagnosis.
Back to the Future: Personality and Assessment and Personality Development
In this essay I consider the future of personality development in light of the past effects of Personality and Assessment on the field of personality in general and personality development in particular. The essay is organized around 1) the effect of Mischel's book on the foundational theories informing personality development; 2) definitions of personality traits; 3) an alternative model of personality traits, described as the sociogenomic model of personality traits, that can bridge the divide that still characterizes the field of personality development; 4) the application of the sociogenomic model of personality traits to issues of personality trait development, and 5) a "Newtonian" vision for the future of personality psychology.
Roberts, Brent W.
Perspective: Balancing Personalized Medicine and Personalized Care
The current description of personalized medicine by the National Institutes of Health is "the science of individualized prevention and therapy." Although physicians are just beginning to see the promise of genetic medicine coming to fruition, the rapid pace of sequencing technology, informatics, and computer science predict a true revolution in the ability to care for patients in the near future. The enthusiasm expressed by researchers is well founded, but the expectations voiced by the public do not center on advancing technology. Rather, patients are asking for personalized care: a holistic approach that considers an individual's physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. This perspective considers psychological, religious, and ethical challenges that may arise as the precision of preventive medicine improves. Psychological studies already highlight the barriers to single gene testing and suggest significant barriers to the predictive testing envisioned by personalized medicine. Certain religious groups will likely mount opposition if they believe personalized medicine encourages embryo selection. If the technology prompts cost-containment discussions, those concerned about the sanctity of life may raise ethical objections. Consequently, the availability of new scientific developments does not guarantee advances in treatment because patients may prove unwilling to receive and act upon personalized genetic information. This perspective highlights current efforts to incorporate personalized medicine and personalized care into the medical curriculum, genetic counseling, and other aspects of clinical practice. As these efforts are generally independent, the authors offer recommendations for physicians and educators so that personalized medicine can be implemented in a manner that meets patient expectations for personalized care.
Cornetta, Kenneth; Brown, Candy Gunther
Technical performance of the Luxel Al(2)O(3):C optically stimulated luminescence dosemeter element at radiation oncology and nuclear accident dose levels.
The dose ranges typical for radiation oncology and nuclear accident dosimetry are on the order of 2-70 Gy and 0.1-5 Gy, respectively. In terms of solid-state passive dosimetry, thermoluminescent (TL) materials historically have been used extensively for these two applications, with silver-halide, leuco-dye and BaFBr:Eu-based films being used on a more limited basis than TL for radiation oncology. This present work provides results on the performance of a film based on an aluminum oxide, Al(2)O(3):C, for these dosimetry applications, using the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) readout method. There have been few investigations of Al(2)O(3):C performance at radiation oncology and nuclear accident dose levels, and these have included minimal dosimetric and environmental effects information. Based on investigations already published, the authors of this present study determined that overall improvements over film and TLDs for this Al(2)O(3):C OSL technology at radiation oncology and nuclear accident dose levels may include (1) a more tissue-equivalent response to photons compared to X-ray film, (2) higher sensitivity, (3) ability to reread dosemeters and (4) diagnostic capability using small-area imaging. The results of the present investigation indicate that additional favourable performance characteristics for the Al(2)O(3):C dosemeter are a wide dynamic range (0.001-100 Gy), a response insensitive to temperature and moisture over a wide range, negligible dose rate dependence, and minimal change in post-irradiation response. As a radiation detection medium, this OSL phosphor offers an assortment of dosimetry properties that will permit it to compete with current radiation detection technologies such as silver-halide, leuco-dye and photostimulable-phosphor-based films, as well as TLDs. PMID:17164274
Miller, Steven D; Murphy, Mark K
The Architecture of Personality
This article presents a theoretical framework for analyzing psychological systems that contribute to the variability, consistency, and cross-situational coherence of personality functioning. In the proposed knowledge-and-appraisal personality architecture (KAPA), personality structures and processes are delineated by combining 2 principles:…
Cervone, Daniel
Multilingual person to person communication at IRST
This paper refers to a machine-mediated person-to-person multilingual communication system. Stress is put on robustness, that is the ability of the system to preserve communication even in presence of the variability and errors typical of spoken language systems. The statistical approach is adopted not only at the acoustic level, but also for the linguistic processing. Therefore, while an overview of
B. Angelini; M. Cettolo; A. Corazza; D. Falavigna; G. Lazzari
Personal health records: empowering consumers.
By empowering consumers, electronic personal health records (ePHRs, more commonly PHRs) will play a key role in the evolving electronically enabled health information environment. Consumers want to be more engaged in their own healthcare and are seeking out information online. Despite intense concerns about confidentiality and security, they have high expectations for electronic health information. The growth of patient self-management tools for remote monitoring will fuel PHR adoption, if tools and standards are developed that make clinical information understandable to and usable by consumers. The value of the PHR will lie in shared information and shared decision-making, as its components support the continuity of care. Efforts in other countries can provide guidance in helping Americans do what they do best-develop and use innovative technology to serve the American people. PMID:17299929
Ball, Marion J; Smith, Carla; Bakalar, Richard S
About Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
... and Gowns FDA's Role in Regulating PPE About Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) On this page: What is personal protective ... protective equipment with other users? Q. What is personal protective equipment? A. Personal protective equipment is any type of ...
Artifacts and Personal Identity
\\u000a Although historical archaeologists have generally neglected to apprehend the potent meanings of personal possessions, the\\u000a field is stirring. All too often, personal artifacts have been subsumed into broader categories of artifacts, their meanings\\u000a blurred or diminished. Personal artifacts have been assessed as subgroups classified by material, resulting in a muting of\\u000a the individual significance of particular artifacts and a preference
Carolyn L. White; Mary C. Beaudry
This article presents a theoretical framework for analyzing psychological systems that contribute to the variability, consistency, and cross-situational coherence of personality functioning. In the proposed knowledge-and-appraisal personality architecture (KAPA), personality structures and processes are delineated by combining 2 principles: distinctions (a) between knowledge structures and appraisal processes and (b) among intentional cognitions with varying directions of fit, with the latter
Daniel Cervone
Gender and Personality
\\u000a Personality is the study of individual differences and thus holds promise for a better understanding of how our gendered society\\u000a shapes and reinforces differences in women's and men's attitudes, emotions, and behaviors. Two strengths of present-day personality\\u000a research are particularly relevant for the study of gender. First, personality researchers gather data from large samples\\u000a of normally functioning individuals and emphasize
Jayne E. Stake; Heather Eisele
Electronic Privacy: Patient Concerns
This study postulates issues related to electronic privacy and addresses the factors that directly effect personal electronic information. There is no positivist study done to measure patient privacy concerns using Smith et a l(1996) privacy model and the effect of previous experience and media on these concerns. This study measures the four dimensions of patient concerns against the electronic privacy,
Anza A. Akram
A prototype electronic encyclopedia
We describe a prototype electronic encyclopedia implemented on a powerful personal computer, in which user interface, media presentation, and knowledge representation techniques are applied to improving access to a knowledge resource. In itself, an electronic encyclopedia is an important information resource, but this work also illustrates the issues and approaches for many types of electronic information retrieval environments. In the
Stephen A. Weyer; Alan H. Borning
The primary purpose of this chapter is to elucidate the role of therapy homework in the context of an empirically supported treatment for borderline personality disorder— Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT; Linehan, 1993a). Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a disorder of emotion dysregulation, and patients who meet criteria for BPD often present with myriad life difficulties and comorbid disorders. According to
Noam Lindenboim; Alex L. Chapman; Marsha M. Linehan
Personal communications services
The history of the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) examination of proposals to allocate radio frequency spectrum to a new and innovative range of services it calls personal communications services (PCS) is outlined. Personal communication networks (PCN), which will supply mobile two-way, mass-market communications services, the most advanced offering of the PCS area, and spectrum allocation for PCS are discussed.
G. T. Hardy
Designing personalized web applications
The goal of this paper is to argue the need to approach the personalization issues in Web applications from the very beginning in the application's development cycle. Since personalization is a critical aspect in many popular domains such as e-commerce, it important enough that it should be dealt with through a design view, rather than only an implementation view (which
Gustavo Rossi; Daniel Schwabe; Robson Guimarăes
Predict Personal Continuous Route
In the daily life, people often repeat regular routes in certain periods. Predicting personal future routes using this information helps to achieve many goals, including improving the quality of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) and location-based services (LBSs) for individuals. In this paper, a novel system is developed to predict the personal future routes based on the continuous route patterns extracted
Qian Ye; Ling Chen; Gencai Chen
The Patient's Personality Profile.
A logically constructed format for the recording of the patient's personality profile is proposed. The term "personality" is used in a broad sense and refers to data that should be part of the patient's clinical record in any clinical situation and that describe the patient's general vulnerability. (Author/MLW)
Benbassat, Jochanan; And Others
Personal Literacy Experience.
Literacy is inextricably linked to the social context in which literacy is taught, and in which the language is used. Cultural expectations require the use of specific literacies. Who a person is, in terms of a literacy user and a literacy worker are dictated by the culture in which a person chooses to operate. Literacy is not neutral, but an…
Knotts, Lester William
Personal communication systems (PCS)
Personal communication systems (PCS) represent a rapidly growing and increasingly important segment of the telecommunication industry. The goal of PCS is to provide truly personal, cost-efficient communication services to users through portable handsets. In this paper, we present a survey on the research and development in PCS, emphasizing several important aspects such as the PCS concept, service requirements, system architecture,
V. O. K. Li; Xiaoxin Qiu
Evaluating Personalized Risk Messages.
An experiment with 766 homeowners compared 3 strategies for delivering radon test results to homeowners. Small improvements in consumer satisfaction were found for personalized messages (a telephone call or personal letter) over a form letter. No detectable improvement was found in recall of advice or compliance for any strategy. (SLD)
Weinstein, Neil D.; And Others
Differential Person Functioning.
In many testing situations, differential item functioning (DIF) is a potentially serious problem. It occurs when a test item appears to be easier for one group of examinees than another even after controlling for overall skill level. Differential person functioning (DPF) can occur when "items" can be considered raters and the persons are the…
Johanson, George; Alsmadi, Abdalla
The personality of physicists
Summary-The Eysenck Personality Profiler (EPP) was given to 109 male and 133 female physicists and comparisons made with male and female population norms. Results confirm previous research with male scientists, showing them to be introverted and cautious (particularly careful, controlled, inhibited and unsociable). They were not, however, especially stable relative to same-sex controls. The personality profile of the female physicists
Glenn D. Wilson; Chris Jackson
Personality Theory and TESOL
In this paper, it is argued, based on evidence from psychological literature, that there are three major approaches to the study of personality, namely (1) situationism, (2) interactionism, and (3) constructivism. It is also noticed that these approaches have resulted in the emergence of three major types of personality theories: (i) type…
Al Shalabi, M. Fadi; Salmani Nodoushan, Mohammad Ali
Personal Computer Communications.
The interconnection between personal computers and other personal, mini, or mainframe computer systems is discussed. The following topics relevant to college personnel are addressed: hardware techniques for tying computers together, advantages and disadvantages of available software, the prospects for sophisticated micro/mainframe links with major…
Leclerc, Gerry
Genetics of Personality Disorders: Perspectives From Personality and Psychopathology Research
Although the field is young, studies pertinent to genetic hypotheses have accumulated for several personality disorders. Genetic links to personality disorders from the domains of normal personality and Axis I disorders are reviewed. Evidence of a link to schizophrenia is clearest for schizotypal and less conclusive for paranoid and schizoid personality disorders. A genetic association between borderline personality disorder and
Joel T. Nigg; H. Hill Goldsmith
Communication, Public Affairs Knowledge, and Older Persons.
The impact of print and electronic media orientations upon the public affairs knowledge of older persons was investigated through interviews with 59 participants in a foster grandparents program, 68 participants in a retired senior volunteer program, and 23 members of a retired teachers association. Analysis of results indicated a clear pattern in…
Kent, K. E.; Rush, Ramona R.
Personal health records: a scoping review
Electronic personal health record systems (PHRs) support patient centered healthcare by making medical records and other relevant information accessible to patients, thus assisting patients in health self-management. We reviewed the literature on PHRs including design, functionality, implementation, applications, outcomes, and benefits. We found that, because primary care physicians play a key role in patient health, PHRs are likely to be
N Archer; U Fevrier-Thomas; C Lokker; K A McKibbon; S E Straus
Libraries without Resources: Towards Personal Collections.
The main function of the library of the future is to provide access to electronic sources stored elsewhere. In order to comply with the users' needs, therefore, flexible license scenarios are necessary. Another future function of the library will be to set up and maintain a personal alerting system and to assist users in organizing their own…
Savenije, Bas; Grygierczyk, Natalia
Lifestreams: a storage model for personal data
Conventional software systems, such as those based on the "desktop metaphor," are ill-equipped to manage the electronic information and events of the typical computer user. We introduce a new metaphor, Lifestreams, for dynamically organizing a user's personal workspace. Lifestreams uses a simple organizational metaphor, a time-ordered stream of documents, as an underlying storage system. Stream filters are used to organize,
Eric Freeman; David Gelernter
Learning User Profiles for Personalized Informat ion Dissemination
Personalized information systems represent the recent effort of delivering information to users more effectively in the modern electronic age. This paper illustrates how a supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) system, known as fuzzy ARAM, can be used to learn user pro- files for personalized information dissemination. ARAM learning is on-line, fast, and incremental. Acquisition of new knowledge does not require
Ah-Hwee Tan; Christine Teo; Heng Mui Keng
[Narcissistic personality disorder].
Narcissism is a multifaceted term which encompasses traits of normal personality as well as a specific personality disorder. While much research has been concerned with narcissism as a trait there are only few empirical studies available on narcissistic personality disorder (NPS). The current diagnostic of NPS according to DSM-IV-TR focuses on grandiose type narcissism whereas vulnerable narcissism, which has been described by clinicians and researchers has not yet been recognised. Psychotherapy of narcissistic patients through different psychotherapeutic schools focuses mainly on processes in the therapeutic relationship, the analysis and change of grandiose and vulnerable schemas, emotion regulation techniques and correction of narcissistic behavior in favor of prosocial interactions. PMID:23636574
Lammers, C-H; Vater, A; Roepke, S
Personalized mandala-mantra
US Patent & Trademark Office Database
A method for creating a personalized musical file is presented, the method comprising receiving a birth date, determining angular distribution of planets on a birth sky based, at least in part, on the birth date, selecting a plurality of Names from Shem ha-Meforash based, at least in part, on the angular distribution of planets, associating vowels with at least some of the Names, generating a recorded musical portion for at least some of the Names, assembling at least some of the recorded musical portions in a musical file and recording the musical file. A method for creating a personalized mandala and a personalized mantra is also presented herein.
Cultural influences on personality.
Ecologies shape cultures; cultures influence the development of personalities. There are both universal and culture-specific aspects of variation in personality. Some culture-specific aspects correspond to cultural syndromes such as complexity, tightness, individualism, and collectivism. A large body of literature suggests that the Big Five personality factors emerge in various cultures. However, caution is required in arguing for such universality, because most studies have not included emic (culture-specific) traits and have not studied samples that are extremely different in culture from Western samples. PMID:11752482
Triandis, Harry C; Suh, Eunkook M
EPA Science Inventory
This article discusses how personal computers can be applied to environmental engineering. fter explaining some of the differences between mainframe and Personal computers, we will review the development of personal computers and describe the areas of data management, interactive...
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
... reduce the number and severity of farmwork related injuries and illnesses. Personal protective equipment not only helps ... repairing machinery, and doing other jobs with head injury risks. • Use a sun safety hat (one with ...
Nonspecifics in Personalized Instruction
Suggestions from behavior modification and Personalized Systems of Instruction (PSI) research concerning some subtle variables affecting course success are presented. Variables of interpersonal relationship and of expectancies on the parts of students, proctors, and instructors are delineated. (Author/JR)
Robin, Arthur L.
Schizoid personality disorder
... is unknown. This disorder may be related to schizophrenia and shares many of the same risk factors. ... personality disorder is generally not as disabling as schizophrenia. It does not cause the disconnection from reality ( ...
Personal Web Pages
As almost every user will admit, personal Webpages are often far from the Internet's strong point. Uninspired, incomprehensible, and sometimes almost unreadable, many personal pages seem more a waste of bandwidth than anything else. This site, an About.com guide created and maintained by Linda Roeder, offers hope and help in the form of a number of articles and numerous related resources to help users design and create their own personal Webpages. Beginners should start with the Creating a Web Site Tutorial, while others will benefit from the archive of weekly articles, tips of the day, design tools, and product reviews. In addition to covering the process of creating and maintaining a personal Website, the guide addresses topics such as online diaries, Webcams, statistics-keeping, and Webrings.
Personal Finance Calculations.
Contains explanations and examples of mathematical calculations for a secondary level course on personal finance. How to calculate total monetary cost of an item, monthly payments, different types of interest, annual percentage rates, and unit pricing is explained. (RM)
Argo, Mark
Part Two. Personal Voices.
Presents people's experiences and perceptions of events in four lesson plans. Includes personal accounts of people moving westward, one family's decision to migrate to America, Lucy Stone and women's rights, and Langston Hughes' high school days. (CK)
King, David C.
The architecture of personality.
This article presents a theoretical framework for analyzing psychological systems that contribute to the variability, consistency, and cross-situational coherence of personality functioning. In the proposed knowledge-and-appraisal personality architecture (KAPA), personality structures and processes are delineated by combining 2 principles: distinctions (a) between knowledge structures and appraisal processes and (b) among intentional cognitions with varying directions of fit, with the latter distinction differentiating among beliefs, evaluative standards, and aims. Basic principles of knowledge activation and use illuminate relations between knowledge and appraisal, yielding a synthetic account of personality structures and processes. Novel empirical data illustrate the heuristic value of the knowledge/appraisal distinction by showing how self-referent and situational knowledge combine to foster cross-situational coherence in appraisals of self-efficacy. PMID:14756593
Cervone, David
Vensim Personal Learning Addition
Vensim PLE is fully functional system dynamics software that is free for personal and educational use, is shareware for commercial use, and comes complete with sample models, help engine, and Adobe Acrobat format PLE User's Guide.
... temperament and specific personality traits, particularly impulsiveness and aggression. Scientists are studying genes that help regulate emotions ... help reduce symptoms such as anxiety, depression, or aggression. Often, people are treated with several medications at ...
Towards a Personal Mainframe.
Aspects of computing in a mainframe environment are discussed with reference to the SLAC installation. Personal computers have revolutionized users' expectations, yet the centralized mainframe continues to offer indispensable advantages. Many of the compo...
D. Aston
Reverse Flow Personal Ventilation.
The potential contribution of reverse flow personal ventilation for the relief of thermal stress in the aviation field is reviewed. Current evidence is discussed and recommendations are made for further research. (Author)
D. G. Robertson J. Morrison J. R. Allan
Antisocial personality disorder
Cause of antisocial personality disorder is unknown. Genetic factors and environmental factors, such as child abuse, are believed to contribute to the development of this condition. People with an antisocial or alcoholic parent are ...
Molecular genetics of personality
Although initial reports of genetic contributions to personality dimensions were promising, continued empirical support remains\\u000a controversial. The focus has largely revolved around polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region\\u000a and the D4 dopamine receptor subtype. Equivocal findings likely stem from numerous sources including ethnic diversity of subject\\u000a samples, phenotypic characterization of personality traits, and insufficient sample sizes. Research has
Kurtis L. Noblett; Emil F. Coccaro
Personal Financial Wellness
As the importance of financial health of individuals and families continues to grow, people often use the term "financial\\u000a wellness" to mean the level of a person's financial health. Financial wellness is a comprehensive, multidimensional concept\\u000a incorporating financial satisfaction, objective status of financial situation, financial attitudes, and behavior that cannot\\u000a be assessed through one measure. This chapter discusses the concept
Sohyun Joo
Personality and Expressed Emotion
Expressed emotion (EE) is an established psychosocial predictor of relapse in patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders; however, nothing is currently known about the personality characteristics of high- and low-EE relatives. A total of 45 relatives of schizophrenia patients completed the California Psychological Inventory, a widely used measure of common personality traits. Compared with low-EE relatives, high-EE relatives were more
Jill M. Hooley; Jordan B. Hiller
Borderline personality disorder
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by marked impulsivity, instability of mood and interpersonal relationships, and suicidal behaviour that can complicate medical care. Identifying this diagnosis is important for treatment planning. Although the cause of borderline personality disorder is uncertain, most patients improve with time. There is an evidence base for treatment using both psychotherapy and psychopharmacology. The clinical challenge centres on managing chronic suicidality.
Paris, Joel
Clothing and personal hygiene
The biomedical maintenance of astronauts is discussed in terms of personal hygiene. Principal characteristics and general requirements are described which must be followed in perfecting a system of hygienic practices and in devising means to maintain personal hygiene, flight clothing, underwear, bedding, and medical-domestic equipment for manned space flights of varying durations. Factors discussed include: disposable clothing, thermal protection, oral hygiene, cleansing of the skin, and grooming of the hair.
Finogenov, A. M.; Azhayev, A. N.; Kaliberdin, G. V.
Personality and Development in Childhood: A Person-Centered Approach.
Applied a person-centered approach to childhood personality development in 28 diverse samples of 3- to 6-year-olds studied over 6 years. Identified resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled personality types. Found that the undercontrolled personality type related to intellectual decline over 6 years. The number of family risks predicted…
Hart, Daniel; Atkins, Robert; Fegley, Suzanne
Teaching Personal Awareness
Educators rarely consider the attitudes that determine whether a learner will use the clinical skills we teach. Nevertheless, many learners and practitioners exhibit negative attitudes that can impede the use of patient-centered skills, leading to an isolated focus upon disease and impairing the provider-patient relationship. The problem is compounded because these attitudes often are incompletely recognized by learners and therefore are difficult to change without help. We present a research-based method for teaching personal awareness of unrecognized and often harmful attitudes. We propose that primary care clinicians without mental health training can follow this method to teach students, residents, faculty, and practitioners. Such teachers/mentors need to possess an abiding interest in the personal dimension, patience with a slowly evolving process of awareness, and the ability to establish strong, ongoing relationships with learners. Personal awareness teaching may occur during instruction in basic interviewing skills but works best if systematically incorporated throughout training.
Smith, Robert C; Dwamena, Francesca C; Fortin, Auguste H
A thermoluminescence dosimetry system for personal monitoring in Ireland.
In 1993 the decision was taken to replace film badges with thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs) as the main form of dosemeter for both whole-body and extremity monitoring at the Dosimetry Service of the Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland (RPII) in Dublin. A review of commercially available automatic TLD systems was carried out to identify the system which best met the RPII's requirements. This paper describes the dosimetry system used, and, in addition, discusses the problems encountered and how these were addressed. PMID:11586731
Currivan, L; Spain, D; Donnelly, H; Colgan, P A
Personal Fitness Plan
This activity will help you create a personal fitness plan that is right for you. Maintaining a physically active lifestyle can help you feel your best and prevent the onset of certain diseases. At the conclusion of this activity, you will: Understand the health benefits of physical activity. Be able to describe three types of exercise. Create a custom plan based on your own preferences. The first step in creating your personal fitness plan is to understand why one is important to have and to maintain. Read ...
Cross, Mrs.
Taking Library Leadership Personally
This paper outlines the emerging trends for leadership in the knowledge era. It discusses these within the context of leading, creating and sustaining the performance development cultures that libraries require. The first step is to recognise that we all need to take leadership personally no matter whether we see ourselves as leaders or followers.…
Davis, Heather; Macauley, Peter
Trafficking in Persons Report.
The Department of State is required by law to submit each year to the U.S. Congress a report on foreign governments' efforts to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons. This is the 9th annual TIP Report; it seeks to increase global awareness of t...
Personal Money Management.
This module is one of a set prepared in conjunction with the Title I "Project to Train Volunteer Leaders to Conduct Consumer Education Courses." It is designed to be a basic text for use in making a one-hour presentation on personal money management. Topics include reasons for having a budget and guidelines for successful budgeting, elements of a…
Bradley, Maristeve
Sankey's Personal Understanding
This paper takes issue with Derek Sankey's: "Minds, Brains, and Differences in Personal Understanding", "Educational Philosophy and Theory", 39 (2007), pp. 543-558 on the questions of the post-pedagogical classroom and the forms of knowledge. I then try to show that a theory of meaning framed in terms of normative pragmatics is better able than…
Mackenzie, Jim
Shaping a Personal Environment
Students design and organize personal space by completing necessary plans and elevations, perspective, and detail drawings of a given or proposed space while using imagination to tie it to career and life goals. Each unit during the year is designed to improve basic drafting and learning skills. Basic drafting techniques require the proper use of tools and symbolic knowledge, including geometry.
Evans, Robert F.
Personal Digital Assistants
Personal digital assistant sales are growing exponentially, and as medical technology advances the amount of information available becomes staggering, making a handheld device, with the ability to store a great amount of information, progressively more valuable to health care providers. Mobile computing allows for a great deal of knowledge in a small package, creating a "walking library" with a mobile
Richard H. Wiggins III
Personal, Seasonal Suns
This article presents an art project designed for upper-elementary students to (1) imagine visual differences in the sun's appearance during the four seasons; (2) develop ideas for visually translating their personal experiences regarding the seasons to their sun drawings; (3) create four distinctive seasonal suns using colors and imagery to…
Sutley, Jane
Personal Experiences of China
This article presents four stories of personal experiences of China. In "A Journey Between China's Past and Present," Peter Hessler, a former Peace Corps volunteer and author, highlights misconceptions between Chinese and Americans and the desire both peoples share for knowledge about one another. In "Life on Liberation Avenue," Ryan Bradeen…
Hessler, Peter; Bradeen, Ryan; Wang, Richard; Masalski, Kathleen Woods
Taking bioethics personally.
This narrative symposium examines the relationship of bioethics practice to personal experiences of illness. A call for stories was developed by Tod Chambers, the symposium editor, and editorial staff and was sent to several commonly used bioethics listservs and posted on the Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics website. The call asked authors to relate a personal story of being ill or caring for a person who is ill, and to describe how this affected how they think about bioethical questions and the practice of medicine. Eighteen individuals were invited to submit full stories based on review of their proposals. Twelve stories are published in this symposium, and six supplemental stories are published online only through Project MUSE. Authors explore themes of vulnerability, suffering, communication, voluntariness, cultural barriers, and flaws in local healthcare systems through stories about their own illnesses or about caring for children, partners, parents and grandparents. Commentary articles by Arthur Frank, Bradley Lewis, and Carol Taylor follow the collection of personal narratives. PMID:24406989
Chambers, Tod; Ahmad, Ayesha; Crow, Sheila; Davis, Dena S; Dresser, Rebecca; Harter, Thomas D; Jordan, Sara R; Kaposy, Chris; Lanoix, Monique; Lee, K Jane; Scully, Jackie Leach; Taylor, Katherine A; Watson, Katie
Personal Professional Development
Three workshop sessions on personal professional development were held during the Third IUPAP Women in Physics Conference. These were designed to teach participants about planning for career success, ``survival skills,'' negotiation, and ways to transition into scientific leadership positions in their own countries.
Rao, Sumathi; Gledhill, Igle; Hartline, Beverly K.; Lakhdar, Zohra Ben; MacLachlan, Anne J.; Mack, Kelly; Mehta, Anita; Wu, Ling-An; Zhang, Hong
Premorbid Personality in Psychoses
This study aimed to establish correlates of the dimen- sions of schizophrenia in the premorbid personality traits of patients. A sample of 112 patients of relatively recent illness onset who were admitted for a psychotic episode were assessed with a semistructured interview for schizophrenia. Positive and negative symptoms were evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and
Manuel J. Cuesta; Victor Peralta; Francisco Caro
Personalized Systems of Instruction.
Personalized systems of instruction (PSI), also called individualized instruction or contingency-managed instruction, were developed in the mid-1960s at the college level by Fred Keller, a reinforcement learning theorist. The Keller plan consists of five features: self-pacing, unit mastery, student tutors, optional motivational lectures, and…
McGaw, Dickinson
Personal File Organization
Using this system, personal papers and reprints can be classified and filed in about a minute and can be quickly retrieved knowing either the author or the general subject of interest. All papers relating to a given subject can be located easily.
Theodore B. Warner
Personal Liberty and Education.
This volume contains articles addressing the topic of personal liberty and its relationship to education. Some of these are reprinted from publications issued by members of the Alliance of Associations for the Advancement of Education or cooperating associations; others were written expressly for this volume. A commentary by Nat Hentoff is…
Cohen, Monroe D., Ed.
Personality and Sibling Relationships.
This study examined the role personality variables play in sibling relationships. It proposed that the characteristics of sibling relationships are influenced by: family constellation variables such as birth order, gender, and age spacing; parent-child relationships including quality of relationship and parent management of siblings; and the…
Furman, Wyndol; Lanthier, Richard P.
Patterned Personality Portraits
In this article, the author describes a self-portrait project she developed for her students. The project emphasizes personality and pattern as the main objectives through a series of steps that include drawing exercises, observation skills, stream-of-color, intense patterning and texturizing, and colored pencil techniques. By drawing down the…
Surrena, Michelle Flandera
Personal Journeys, Future Challenges
What makes a college or university president? Coming from a historically underrepresented group, the author discusses his own path to the presidency, and how various people and personal experiences have shaped him along the way. He offers a piece of advice on how most presidencies are approached--through the academic ranks. Critical to achieving a…
Johnson, Alex
Personality As Traits
Personality traits have been challenged as unimportant determinants of behavior, but evidence suggests that traits may carry as much variance as experimental manipulations. Asking whether traits or manipulations control more variance is useless because researchers can plan paradigms that favor one or the other. When traits and manipulations complement each other, there are several major kinds of interaction. The trait–manipulation
Arnold H. Buss
Personal Care Attendant
... it. And you will probably make your everyday life more of a burden on you if you do not get assistance when you need it. A person's impression of "independence" is the second problem notion of thought. Some people may refuse ...
Personal Protective Equipment.
To have an effective safety program one manager must be responsible for its coordination First-line supervisors must be convinced of the hazard and must be held accountable for their employees use of personal protective equipment A safety program for new ...
Personality, Education and Earnings
Economists are only beginning to understand the relationship between personality traits and economic outcomes. This paper examines the influence of childhood social maladjustment on cognitive development, labor market earnings and career progression using longitudinal data drawn from the National Child Development Study. Net of differences in…
Silles, Mary A.
Recommender System: A Personalized TV Guide System
\\u000a The Electronic Programming Guide helps viewers to navigate between channels, but the measure that new channels are available\\u000a it is inevitable that information overload occurs making systems EPG inadequate. This situation arises the need of personalized\\u000a recommendation systems. In this paper we present a recommendation system compliant with the middleware Ginga. Are presented\\u000a the results obtained with three different mining
Paulo Muniz de Ávila; Sérgio Donizetti Zorzo
Calculation of personal dose equivalent for positron-emitting radionuclides using Monte Carlo code EGS5.
The conversion coefficients, H'(d,?)/?, for monoenergetic positrons and positron-emitting radionuclides were calculated by using the user code UCICRPM of the Monte Carlo code EGS5 to estimate the radiation dose for medical staff involved in positron emission tomography examinations. From these coefficients, the dose equivalent rates per unit activity at 0.07 and 10 mm depths in a soft tissue for a straight-line source of 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG) were calculated by using the developed user code UCF18DOSE. The dose equivalent rates per unit activity at 0.07 and 10 mm depths were measured by using a personal dosemeter (DOSE(3)) under the same conditions as those considered in the calculation. The calculated dose equivalent rates per unit activity at 0.07 and 10 mm depths were 0.116 and 0.0352 pSv min(-1) Bq(-1), respectively, at 20 cm from the (18)F-FDG injection tube. PMID:21498852
Kato, T; Aoki, K; Yokoyama, S; Ejiri, K; Minami, K; Yashima, H; Taniguchi, A; Nakamura, T; Hirayama, H
22 CFR 123.17 - Exports of firearms, ammunition, and personal protective gear.
...person declares the articles to a CBP officer upon...Transaction Number from submission of the Electronic Export...subchapter, and the articles are presented to the...person declares the articles to a CBP officer upon...Transaction Number from submission of the Electronic...
Personality Plus. (Your Guide to Better Health and Personal Development).
This manual is designed to acquaint individuals with basic principles of personal health, grooming, and personality development. Addressed in the individual chapters of the guide are the following topics: self-evaluation and completion of a personal inventory; proper diet and principles of maintaining a sound body; relaxation techniques; key words…
de la Concha, Hector
Paranoid personality disorder.
Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is currently included in DSM-IV's "odd cluster" or "cluster A." In the present article, the authors review available information pertaining to the psychometric properties of PPD, as derived from the relevant literature and from databases of personality disorder study groups. There is comparatively little published evidence for the reliability and validity of PPD, and researchers by and large have tended not to study the disorder, either because of investigators' difficulty recruiting individuals with PPD into research studies, or (as seems more likely) because the trait-paranoia from which many psychiatric patients suffer has seemed better explained by other DSM-IV disorders on Axis I and/or Axis II than by PPD. Given the scant empirical evidence on PPD, it seems reasonable to remove it as an independent diagnosis from the next edition of DSM, and instead to encourage clinicians to code trait-paranoia using a dimensional approach. PMID:22928850
Triebwasser, Joseph; Chemerinski, Eran; Roussos, Panos; Siever, Larry J
Personalized Socially Assistive Robotics
The start of the 21st century, with its confluence of scientific and technological sophistication, presents a unique opportunity for robotics to positively impact human quality of life. Significant and growing societal needs include the lack of personalized one-on-one care for the growing populations of elderly individuals, children with developmental disorders, and those with special life-long cognitive and social needs. Developing
Maja J Mataric; Adriana Tapus; David Feil-Seifer
Personalized genomic medicine
Personalized medicine provide to physicians a molecular makeup of each patient. Looking at the patient on this level helps\\u000a the physician get a profile of the patient's genetic distinction, or mapping. By investigating this genetic profile, medical\\u000a professionals are then able to select patients, and use the found information to plan out a course of treatment that is much\\u000a more
Giuseppe Novelli
The low energy X-ray response of the LiF:Mg:Cu:P thermoluminescent dosemeter: a comparison with LiF:Mg:Ti.
LiF:Mg:Cu:P thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLD) can be used for the same X-ray dosimetry applications as LiF:Mg:Ti, with each type having the disadvantage of a response dependent on energy, particularly at low energies. Measurements were made of the response per unit air kerma of LiF:Mg:Cu:P and LiF:Mg:Ti to nine quasi-monoenergetic X-ray beams with mean energies from 12 keV to 208 keV. Each measurement was normalized to the value produced by 6 MV X-rays. LiF:Mg:Cu:P was found to under-respond to a majority of these radiations whereas LiF:Mg:Ti over-responded to a majority. Their smallest relative measured response was produced by the lowest energy beam, and the maximum measured relative response of 1.15+/-0.07 and 1.21+/-0.07 for LiF:Mg:Cu:P and LiF:Mg:Ti, respectively, occurred at 33 keV. Energy response coefficients were derived from these measurements to estimate the error introduced by using either type of TLD to measure the dose from an X-ray spectrum different to that used for its absolute response calibration. It was calculated that if the response of either type of TLD was calibrated at 100 kVp, then an error of no more than +/-2% would be introduced into measurements of tube output at potentials of 50-130 kVp. LiF:Mg:Cu:P was found to introduce a larger error (up to 30%) into the measurement of body exit dose than LiF:Mg:Ti at tube potentials of 40-150 kVp, if its absolute response was calibrated using the corresponding body entrance beam. The method should allow this type of error to be estimated in other dosimetry applications for either type of TLD. PMID:15900061
Edwards, C R; Mountford, P J; Green, S; Palethorpe, J E; Moloney, A J
[Schizophrenia-like personality disorders].
According to DSM-IV the cluster A personality disorders include paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders. There exists a phenomenological similarity between the experience and behaviour of the so-called odd or eccentric personality disorders and the symptoms of schizophrenia. Evidence of common etiological factors is still the best for the schizotypal personality disorder. The cluster A personality disorders are among the less common personality disorders with a high co-occurrence. Present findings about the neurobiological substrate of the schizotypal personality disorder are discussed also taking neuropsychological results into consideration. A central prerequisite of psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatment of cluster A personality disorders is a strong therapeutic patient relationship. PMID:19011827
Suslow, T; Arolt, V
Human Ethology: Personal Space Reiterated
A study of human personal space and flight distance in terms of the responses of college students to intrusions upon their presumed personal space. Investigates the elicitation of aggressive or defensive behavior. (LK)
Barash, David P.
Methodology Review: Evaluating Person Fit
Person-fit methods based on classical test theory-and item response theory (IRT), and methods investigating particular types of response behavior on tests, are examined. Similarities and differences among person-fit methods and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Sound person-fit methods have been derived for the Rasch model. For other IRT models, the empirical and theoretical distributions differ for most person-fit statistics
Rob R. Meijer; Klaas Sijtsma
Personality Trait Development in Adulthood
In the middle part of the 20th century, a healthy dialogue existed between sociology and personality psychology. Leading scholars\\u000a in sociology actively discussed the relationship between social structure and personality (Neugarten, 1968; Parsons, 1942), and between organizations and personality (Inkeles & Levinson, 1963). In turn, many personality psychologists studied similar phenomena (e.g., Sanford, 1956; Sarbin, 1964). However, over the past
Brent W. Roberts; Richard W. Robins; Kali H. Trzesniewski; Avshalom Caspi
Economics of Personal Data Management: Fair Personal Information Trades
Individuals today have no control over the way their personal information is being used even though they are the ones to suffer the consequences of any unwanted uses of their information. We propose addressing this externality through the creation of a market for personal information, where licenses to access individuals' personal information will be voluntarily traded. Through this market, satisfactory compensation to the information owner is provided, whilst personal information remains under the owner's control. Using cryptographic tools and micropayments we propose and develop a prototype for personal information trades where the above principles are implemented and tested.
Tasidou, A.; Efraimidis, P. S.; Katos, V.
The evolutionary genetics of personality
Genetic influences on personality differences are ubiquitous, but their nature is not well understood. A theoretical framework might help, and can be provided by evolutionary genetics. We assess three evolutionary genetic mechanisms that could explain genetic variance in personality differences: selective neutrality, mutation-selection balance, and balancing selection. Based on evolutionary genetic theory and empirical results from behaviour genetics and personality
Lars Penke; Jaap J. A. Denissen; Geoffrey F. Miller
The Power of Personal Relationships
Teachers and administrators are often directed to distance themselves from the children in their charge. Despite the land mines that accompany personal relationships with students, the authors argue that educators can still learn to build personal relationships with students. Personal-relationship building is one of the most important skills a…
Mawhinney, Thomas S.; Sagan, Laura L.
Catholic Universities and Juridic Persons
In this article, the author maintains that a Catholic university does not need to be established as a separate juridic person to be subject to rights and obligations in canon law. The Church's law allows a group or persons or things to join together as a juridic person to be recognized by the Church to have rights and obligations in the Church.…
Sheridan, Sean
Brand personality dimensions in China
Although a considerable amount of research has been conducted to conceptualize brand personality, no study yet examined the structure of brand personality dimensions in China. This research identifies a theoretical framework of six brand personality dimensions in China. Of the six dimensions identified, three dimensions (Competence, Excitement, and Sophistication) are consistent with those found in the USA, whereas three dimensions
Shu-Chuan Chu; Yongjun Sung
Explaining Scenarios for Information Personalization
Personalization customizes information access. The PIPE ('Personalization is Partial Evaluation') modeling methodology represents interaction with an information space as a program. The program is then specialized to a user's known interests or information seeking activity by the technique of partial evaluation. In this paper, we elaborate PIPE by considering requirements analysis in the personalization lifecycle. We investigate the use of
Naren Ramakrishnan; Mary Beth Rosson; John M. Carroll
Personality and psychopathology: Genetic perspectives
Genetic factors exert an important influence on adult personality traits, accounting for anywhere between 30% and 60% of the variance. Heredity is also important for most forms of psychopatholo gy and plays a major role in several theories that relate personality to psychopatholo gy. Despite this, there has been surprisingly little multivariate genetic research reported on joint analyses of person-
Gregory Carey; David L. DiLalla
Personal control and health promotion
Personal control is an individual's belief about the degree that he or she can bring about good events and avoid bad events. High personal control is associated with intellectual, emotional, behavioral, and physiological vigor in the face of challenging situations and events; low personal control is associated with maladaptive passivity and poor morale. In this paper, we sketch the roots
Christopher Peterson; Albert J. Stunkard
Population-Distributed Personal Probabilities
We use the Dirichlet distribution in a new application as a tractable model for the variability between personal prior probability vectors over a large population of persons. Given a common realized likelihood function, the resulting population distribution of coherent personal posterior probability vectors is analyzed and found to have mixed moments expressible as a one-dimensional integral. Implications for the study
James Dickey; Peter Freeman
Personality correlates of startle habituation
This study investigated the relationship between extraversion and rates of acoustic startle habituation, a potential biological marker for individual differences. Personality was measured using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), and Tellegen's Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ). Higher EPQ Extraversion and higher SSS scores were associated with faster, more rapid startle habituation. Moreover, the relationship between extraversion
Steven D. LaRowe; Christopher J. Patrick; John J. Curtin; John P. Kline
Electronic Router
Electronic Router (E-Router) is an application program for routing documents among the cognizant individuals in a government agency or other organization. E-Router supplants a prior 14 NASA Tech Briefs, May 2005 system in which paper documents were routed physically in packages by use of paper slips, packages could be lost, routing times were unacceptably long, tracking of packages was difficult, and there was a need for much photocopying. E-Router enables a user to create a digital package to be routed. Input accepted by E-Router includes the title of the package, the person(s) to whom the package is to be routed, attached files, and comments to reviewers. Electronic mail is used to notify reviewers of needed actions. The creator of the package can, at any time, see the status of the package in the routing structure. At the end of the routing process, E-Router keeps a record of the package and of approvals and/or concurrences of the reviewers. There are commercial programs that perform the general functions of E-Router, but they are more complicated. E-Router is Web-based, easy to use, and does not require the installation or use of client software.
Crusan, Jason
[Psychotherapeutic treatment of personality disorders].
Treating patients with personality disorders presents a major challenge due to their maladaptive interpersonal styles which affect the therapeutic relationship. A number of therapeutic approaches using psychodynamic, behavioural, and other origins have been developed to treat patients with personality disorders, most of them dealing with borderline personality disorder. Overall, only a few controlled therapy studies have been carried out to document therapy effectiveness. However, available research indicates that psychotherapy has substantial effects even in personality disorders. From a vast literature based on case reports, therapeutic recommendations are presented for specific personality disorders. PMID:15931597
Woeller, Wolfgang; Tress, Wolfgang
Incorporating If … Then … Personality Signatures in Person Perception: Beyond the Person–Situation Dichotomy
Three studies investigated conditions in which perceivers view dispositions and situations as interactive, rather than independent, causal forces when making judgments about another's personality. Study 1 showed that perceivers associated 5 common trait terms (e.g., friendly and shy) with characteristic if … then … (if situation a, then the person does x, but if situation b, then the person does
Lara K. Kammrath; Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton; Walter Mischel
Personal Alarm System
Trouble in the classroom is an unpleasant fact of modern life. Space technology can't stop the trouble from occurring, but it can prevent it from spreading. In recognition of this, NASA and the Sacramento, Cal. Unified School District developed a personal security system based on space telemetry technology. The first application was for schools, but the simplicity and reliability of the system has made it more widely applicable. The heart of the system is an ultrasonic pen-size transmitter. It can be used by prison guards, teachers, or others such as the handicapped and the elderly.
Lemaître: A Personal Profile
From The Primeval Atom (látom primitif), to the cosmological constant, to the Schwarzschild limit, the scientific achievements of Georges Lemaître have gained more recognition in recent years. But many aspects of his life are not so widely known. This essay provides a brief biographical survey of Lemaître's life, his decorated service during World War I, his vocation to the Roman Catholic priesthood, and his professional and personal relationships with Einstein, Eddington, Hoyle, Gamow, as well as his role in the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and his views on the relationship between science and faith.
Farrell, J.
Personal continuous air monitor
A personal continuous air monitor capable of giving immediate warning of the presence of radioactivity has a filter/detector head to be worn in the breathing zone of a user, containing a filter mounted adjacent to radiation detectors, and a preamplifier. The filter/detector head is connected to a belt pack to be worn at the waist or on the back of a user. The belt pack contains a signal processor, batteries, a multichannel analyzer, a logic circuit, and an alarm. An air pump also is provided in the belt pack for pulling air through the filter/detector head by way of an air tube.
Morgan, Ronald G. (Los Alamos, NM); Salazar, Samuel A. (Albuquerque, NM)
The Personal Motion Platform
The Neutral Body Posture experienced in microgravity creates a biomechanical equilibrium by enabling the internal forces within the body to find their own balance. A patented reclining chair based on this posture provides a minimal stress environment for interfacing with computer systems for extended periods. When the chair is mounted on a 3 or 6 axis motion platform, a generic motion simulator for simulated digital environments is created. The Personal Motion Platform provides motional feedback to the occupant in synchronization with their movements inside the digital world which enhances the simulation experience. Existing HMD based simulation systems can be integrated to the turnkey system. Future developments are discussed.
Park, Brian Vandellyn
Personal seismometry now!
This article discusses the possibility of personal seismometry (i.e., seismologists having direct access to seismometer installations even from their studies at home). The basic ingredients for this are the general availability of relatively inexpensive microprocessors and easy access to a switched telephone network or equivalent communication systems. Finally, an experiment is described by which seismological data were exchanged between a temporary installation in the United Nations restaurant in Geneva and data center facilities in Oslo, Trondheim, Washington, D.C., and also Canberra.
Husebye, E. S.; Thoresen, E.
Personality Disorders in Persons with Gender Identity Disorder
Background. Investigations in the field of gender identity disorder (GID) have been mostly related to psychiatric comorbidity and severe psychiatric disorders, but have focused less on personality and personality disorders (PDs). Aims. The aim of the study was to assess the presence of PDs in persons with GID as compared to cisgendered (a cisgender person is a person who is content to remain the gender they were assigned at birth) heterosexuals, as well as to biological sex. Methods. The study sample consisted of 30 persons with GID and 30 cisgendered heterosexuals from the general population. The assessment of PDs was conducted by application of the self-administered Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II PDs (SCID-II). Results. Persons with GID compared to cisgender heterosexuals have higher presence of PDs, particularly Paranoid PD, avoidant PDs, and comorbid PDs. In addition, MtF (transwomen are people assigned male at birth who identify as women) persons are characterized by a more severe psychopathological profile. Conclusions. Assessment of PDs in persons with GID is of great importance as it comprises a key part of personalized treatment plan tailoring, as well as a prognostic factor for sex-reassignment surgery (SRS) outcome.
Duisin, Dragana; Batinic, Borjanka; Barisic, Jasmina; Djordjevic, Miroslav L.; Vujovic, Svetlana; Bizic, Marta
Theory is personal.
In "Theory Is Personal," Allen Siegel MD, a Chicago psychoanalyst and Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry at Rush University Medical Center, shares the very personal story of how he came to his theory. Sometimes we find our theory. Other times, Siegel argues, it is our theory that finds us. In this article Siegel catalogues his early encounters with figures--contemporary and real--from Sigmund Freud to influential department chairs to an analyst who would become legendary for introducing a bold new theory into the psychoanalytic canon. Charting key experiences that shaped his adoption of this new approach--a depression in response to his first patient, a clinical treatment with Heinz Kohut, and exposure to others who dared to challenge Freud--Siegel describes the theory that brought both himself and his patients to life. After outlining the principles that guide the new theory and practice known as self psychology, Siegel tells of the empathic ambiance that can now emerge in the consulting room. Finally, he shows how this new theory of human motivation provides not merely a rationale for psychotherapy but an explanatory apparatus for understanding human action in the world beyond the consulting room. He turns to a brief study of aggression and war, as expressed in a 1932 correspondence between Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud, to illustrate how the understanding of aggression and war changes significantly when empathy is the field's data collecting instrument. PMID:19379249
Siegel, Allen M
Nanotheranostics for personalized medicine
Nanotheranostics, the integration of diagnostic and therapeutic function in one system using the benefits of nanotechnology, is extremely attractive for personalized medicine. Because treating cancer is not a one-size-fits-all scenario, it requires therapy to be adapted to the patient's specific biomolecules. Personalized and precision medicine (PM) does just that. It identifies biomarkers to gain an understanding of the diagnosis and in turn treating the specific disorder based on the precise diagnosis. By predominantly utilizing the unique properties of nanoparticles to achieve biomarker identification and drug delivery, nanotheranostics can be applied to noninvasively discover and target image biomarkers and further deliver treatment based on the biomarker distribution. This is a large and hopeful role theranostics must fill. However, as described in this expert opinion, current nanotechnology-based theranostics systems engineered for PM applications are not yet sufficient. PM is an ever-growing field that will be a driving force for future discoveries in biomedicine, especially cancer theranostics. In this article, the authors dissect the requirements for successful nanotheranostics-based PM.
Kim, Tae Hyung; Lee, Seulki; Chen, Xiaoyuan
Implementing personalized cancer care.
Implementing personalized cancer care requires a sound understanding of cancer genomics, familiarity with the analytical methods used to study cancer, knowledge of the mechanisms of action of targeted drugs, and ways to assimilate and understand complex data sets. Perhaps the greatest challenge is obtaining the drugs predicted to be beneficial based on the genomic profile of a patient's tumour. A potential solution is creation of a national facilitated access programme and registry for off-label use of targeted anti-cancer drugs. Within such a programme, patients could receive the targeted agent matched to the genomic profile of their tumour. Physicians would receive guidance in interpretation of complex genomic tests and access to drugs. Pharmaceutical companies, payers and regulators would receive data on off-label drug and test use and clinical outcomes to inform their research and development plans and coverage decisions and to track real-world safety. Although recently launched prospective clinical trials will determine the true benefit of matching drugs to genomic alterations, the approach proposed here will facilitate delivery of personalized medicine services to participating patients while at the same time making observations that allow us to learn from each patient to inform clinical care and future research initiatives. PMID:24687035
Schilsky, Richard L
[Proteomics and personalized medicine].
With the disclosure of the human genome a new era for bio-medicine has arisen, characterized by the challenge to investigate pathogenic mechanisms, studying simultaneously metabolites, DNA, RNA, and proteins. As a result, the "omics" revolution boomed, giving birth to a new medicine named "omics-based medicine". Among the other "omics", proteomics has been widely used in medicine, since it can produce a more "holistic" overview of a disease and provide a "constellation" of possible specific markers, a molecular fingerprinting that defines the clinical condition of an individual. Endpoint of this comprehensive and detailed analysis is the "diagnostic-omics", i.e. the achievement of personalized diagnoses with obvious benefits for prevention and therapy and this goal can be reached only with a perfect integration between clinicians and proteomists. To impact on the possible key factors involved in the pathological processes, oligonucleotide-based knock-down strategies can be helpful. They exploit omics-derived molecular tools (antisense, siRNA, ribozymes, decoys, and aptamers) that can be used to inhibit, at transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels, the events leading to protein synthesis, thus decreasing its expression. The identification of the pivotal mechanisms involved in diseases using global, "scenic" approaches such as the "omics" ones, and the subsequent validation and detailed description of the processes by specific molecular tools, can result in a more preventive, predictive and personalized medicine. PMID:23748691
Rocchiccioli, Silvia; Tedeschi, Lorena; Citti, Lorenzo; Cecchettini, Antonella
Measured Personality Characteristics of Persons Who Claim UFO Experiences
Two hundred and twenty-five UFO experiencers, completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPP1) and Sixteen Personality Factors Ten (16PF). Personality characteristics of participants are described; no overt psychopathology is indicated. Two-way ANOVA involving levels of sighting and communication experience show subjects claiming communication have a significantly greater tendency to endorse unusual feelings, thoughts, and altitudes (significance level .003); to be
June Parnell
[Temperament and character in persons with borderline personality disorder].
High comorbidity, suicidal ideation, difficult temperament, and character are key symptoms of persons with borderline personality disorder (BPD). We investigated 478 persons, 40 of whom had a BPD according SCID-II, self-rating. Participants were examined with a semistructured interview and several self-rating questionnaires in their households. Taking the high comorbidity of persons with BPD into account, we compared the BPD group with four control groups with different axis 1 or personality disorders and one nonclinical group. Persons with BPD showed high comorbidity with affective, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders. With respect to suicidality, 75% reported that they wish to be dead at least sometimes, and about one-third said that they had already attempted suicide. Regarding temperament and character dimensions, our analyses revealed higher novelty seeking for persons with BPD compared to participants without BPD, although this difference was primarily attributable to males with BPD. Additionally, participants with BPD reported higher harm avoidance compared to control groups, while this was more distinctive for females. Finally, we found that persons with BPD had very low levels of self-directedness. This effect was independent from gender and was found in all group comparisons. Therapy of BPD should take into account high comorbidity and suicidality of patients. Moreover, our results show that low self-directedness seems to be specific for persons with BPD. Therefore, therapy must address those deficits by focusing on skills training as well as on aspects of maturation. PMID:15448917
Barnow, S; Rüge, J; Spitzer, C; Freyberger, H-J
Personalized medical content recommendation
Method, system, and computer program product for personalized medical content recommendation are provided. The method may comprise having a patient medical profile; having a concept or relationship relating to the patient medical profile; obtaining medical content relevant to the concept or relationship; determining a score of the concept or relationship to the patient medical profile; enhancing the score with a context score based on the values of attributes of the concept or relationship in the patient medical profile; enhancing the score with an additional knowledge score based on knowledge of the concept or relationship additional to the medical content; recommending medical content with respect to a patient medical profile based on the enhanced scores. The method may also include providing an explanation of a medical content recommendation based on a matching concept or relationship.
Personal annunciation device
A personal annunciation device (PAD) providing, in an area of interest, compensatory annunciation of the presence of an abnormal condition in a hazardous area and accountability of the user of the PAD. Compensatory annunciation supplements primary annunciation provided by an emergency notification system (ENS). A detection system detects an abnormal condition, and a wireless transmission system transmits a wireless transmission to the PAD. The PAD has a housing enclosing the components of the PAD including a communication module for receiving the wireless transmission, a power supply, processor, memory, annunciation system, and RFID module. The RFID module has an RFID receiver that listens for an RFID transmission from an RFID reader disposed in a portal of an area of interest. The PAD identifies the transmission and changes its operating state based on the transmission. The RFID readers recognize, record, and transmit the state of the PAD to a base station providing accountability of the wearer.
Angelo, Peter (Oak Ridge, TN); Younkin, James (Oak Ridge, TN); DeMint, Paul (Kingston, TN)
Taking Crohn's Disease Personally
Crohn's disease (CD) is a heterogeneous disorder that can involve any segment of the gastrointestinal tract. The pathogenesis of CD is unknown but is thought to involve an uncontrolled immune response triggered by an environmental factor in a genetically susceptible host. The heterogeneity of disease pathogenesis and clinical course, combined with the variable response to treatment and its associated side effects, creates an environment of complex therapeutic decisions. Despite this complexity, significant progress has been made which allows physicians to start and predict disease behavior and natural course, response to therapy, and factors associated with significant side effects. In this manuscript the data pertaining to these variables including clinical, endoscopic and the various biological and genetic markers are reviewed, and the possibility of tailoring personal treatment is discussed.
Chowers, Yehuda
Metronomics: towards personalized chemotherapy?
Since its inception in 2000, metronomic chemotherapy has undergone major advances as an antiangiogenic therapy. The discovery of the pro-immune properties of chemotherapy and its direct effects on cancer cells has established the intrinsic multitargeted nature of this therapeutic approach. The past 10 years have seen a marked rise in clinical trials of metronomic chemotherapy, and it is increasingly combined in the clinic with conventional treatments, such as maximum-tolerated dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as with novel therapeutic strategies, such as drug repositioning, targeted agents and immunotherapy. We review the latest advances in understanding the complex mechanisms of action of metronomic chemotherapy, and the recently identified factors associated with disease resistance. We comprehensively discuss the latest clinical data obtained from studies performed in both adult and paediatric populations, and highlight ongoing clinical trials. In this Review, we foresee the future developments of metronomic chemotherapy and specifically its potential role in the era of personalized medicine. PMID:24913374
André, Nicolas; Carré, Manon; Pasquier, Eddy
Surfer Beware: Personal Privacy and the Internet
In conjunction with the US Federal Trade Commission's Public Workshop on Consumer Information Privacy held June 10-13, 1997, the Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) has released this short report, based on its review of "100 of the most frequently visited web sites on the Internet." The report discusses the collection of personal information, privacy policies, and browser cookie use at these sites. An appendix table details results of the review in seven categories. EPIC, a public interest research group that focuses on "emerging civil liberties issues and...privacy," offers a wealth of information related to civil liberties and privacy in the networked environment.
Person Reliability in Personality Measurement: An Item Response Theory Analysis
This article discusses the rationale of an item response theory (IRT) model, based on Thurstone scaling, for personality measurement and suggests procedures for (a) estimating the location and slope parameters of the person response curve (PRC), (b) assessing the precision of the estimates, and (c) assessing the model-data fit. The relations…
Ferrando, Pere J.
MBTI Personality Types and SII Personal Style Scales.
Scores of 426 undergraduates on the Myers Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI) and Strong Interest Inventory (SII) revealed that personal style scales of the SII are related to MBTI polar dimensions in various combinations. Results support the idea that personality traits are related to career interests. (SK)
Buboltz, Walter C., Jr.; Johnson, Patrick; Nichols, Cassandra; Miller, Matthew A.; Thomas, Adrian
Let me read your mind: Personality judgments based on a person's natural stream of thought
Past research on the accuracy of personality judgments has largely focused on person perception scenarios that are public in nature (e.g., face-to-face interactions, personal websites). This study investigated the accuracy of personality judgments on the basis of highly private information: a person's natural stream of thought. Nine naďve judges rated the personality of 90 targets on the basis of their
Shannon E. Holleran; Matthias R. Mehl
Pharmacogenetics: implementing personalized medicine
Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have been widely recognized as fundamental steps toward personalized medicine. They deal with genetically determined variants in how individuals respond to drugs, and hold the promise to revolutionize drug therapy by tailoring it according to individual genotypes. The clinical need for novel approaches to improve drug therapy derives from the high rate of adverse reactions to drugs and their lack of efficacy in many individuals that may be predicted by pharmacogenetic testing. Significant advances in pharmacogenetic research have been made since inherited differences in response to drugs such as isoniazid and succinylcholine were explored in the 1950s. The clinical utility and applications of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics are at present particularly evident in some therapeutic areas (anticancer, psycotrophic, and anticoagulant drugs). Recent evidence derived from several studies includes screening for thiopurine methyl transferase or uridine 5'-diphosphoglucuronosyl-transferase 1A1 gene polymorphisms to prevent mercaptopurine and azathioprine or irinotecan induced myelosuppression, respectively. Also there is a large body of information concerning cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms and their relationship to drug toxicity and response. Further examples include screening the presence of the HLA-B*5701 allele to prevent the hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir and the assessment of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) expression for trastuzumab therapy of breast cancer or that of KRAS mutation status for cetuximab or panitumumab therapy in colorectal cancer. Moreover, the application of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics to therapies used in the treatment of osteoarticular diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis) holds great promise for tailoring therapy with clinically relevant drugs (e.g. disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, vitamin D, and estrogens). Although the classical candidate gene approach has helped unravel genetic variants that influence clinical drug responsiveness, gene-wide association studies have recently gained attention as they enable to associate specific genetic variants or quantitative differences in gene expression with drug response. Although research findings are accumulating, most of the potential of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics remains to be explored and must be validated in prospective randomized clinical trials. The genetic and molecular foundations of personalized medicine appear solid and evidence indicates its growing importance in healthcare.
Mini, Enrico; Nobili, Stefania
NASA Personal Property Disposal Manual
The NASA Personal Property Disposal Manual is issued pursuant to Subchapters E and H of the Federal Property Management Regulations and the Space Act of 1958, as amended. It sets forth policy and procedural guidance for NASA personnel for the reporting, utilization, redistribution, and disposal of installation and contractor-held NASA excess and surplus personal property.
Data Mining and Personalization Technologies
Data mining has become increasingly popular and is widely used in various application areas. In this paper, we examine new developments in data mining and its application to personalization in E-commerce. Personalization is what merchants and publishers want to do to tailor the Web site or advertisement and product promotion to a customer based on his past behavior and inference
Philip S. Yu
Psychopharmacology of borderline personality disorder.
Pharmacotherapy for patients with borderline personality disorder is directed against the psychobiology of cognitive-perceptual, affective, and impulsive-behavioral symptoms. A symptom-specific method using current empiric evidence for drug efficacy in each symptom domain is proposed. Drugs in each medication class have some potential utility against specific symptoms in patients with borderline personality disorder. PMID:10729938
Soloff, P H
Building Blocks for Personal Brands
In this article, the author discusses the four essential building blocks for personal brands: (1) name; (2) message; (3) channels; and (4) bridges. However, outstanding building materials can only take a person so far. The author emphasizes that vision, determination, faith, a sense of humor, and humility are also required.
Thomas, Lisa Carlucci
Agenda: a personal information manager
The free-form, evolving, personal information that people deal with in the course of their daily activities requires more flexible data structures and data management systems than tabular data structures provide. A tool for managing personal information must conveniently handle freetextual data; allow for structure to evolve gracefully as the database grows; represent unnormalized data; and support data entry through database
S. Jerrold Kaplan; Mitchell D. Kapor; Edward J. Belove; Richard A. Landsman; Todd R. Drake
Personal Finance. Common Curriculum Goals.
This document provides the common curriculum goals for the state of Oregon in personal finance, an area of study that relates basic economic concepts and practices to the financial concerns of consumers. These goals were designed to define what should be taught in all public school settings. The common curriculum goals in personal finance are…
Oregon State Dept. of Education, Salem.
Dysfunctional beliefs discriminate personality disorders
This study examines whether specific sets of dysfunctional beliefs are differentially associated with five personality disorders (PDs) as predicted by cognitive theory. Seven hundred fifty-six psychiatric outpatients completed the Personality Belief Questionnaire (PBQ) at intake and were assessed for PDs using a standardized clinical interview conducted by assessors who were blind to patients' PBQ responses. Findings showed that patients with
Aaron T. Beck; Andrew C. Butler; Gregory K. Brown; Katherine K. Dahlsgaard; Cory F. Newman; Judith S. Beck
Personal Epistemologies, Work and Learning
This paper elaborates the role and development of personal epistemologies when learning through and for work. It does this by drawing on explanatory propositions from psychology, sociology and philosophical accounts. The aim here is to go beyond conceptions of epistemological beliefs and to position personal epistemologies as being active,…
Billett, Stephen
Personal Fiduciary Services: Comptroller's Handbook.
This booklet provides an overview of personal fiduciary services, their associated risks, and a framework for managing those risks. It applies to personal accounts administered by a national bank in a fiduciary capacity as defined by 12 CFR Part 9, Fiduci...
Plotting Maternity in Three Persons
This performance text examines complexities of personal and maternal identity in family life. Speaking in first, second, and third person voices, the author offers autoethnographic accounts of the tensions between separateness and connectedness, normative and subjective motherhood, and novice and seasoned perspectives. The piece functions as a…
Kinser, Amber E.
Personality Model of Fine Artists.
Comparison of 51 artists and 51 nonartists in India found three personality factors (introversion, independence, and tender-mindedness) which, related to working style and creative production of artists, could best differentiate artists from nonartists. These could be predicted from seven other personality factors. (DB)
Roy, Debdulal Dutta
Personalized Medicine in Cardiovascular Diseases
Personalized medicine is a novel medical model with all decisions and practices being tailored to individual patients in whatever ways possible. In the era of genomics, personalized medicine combines the genetic information for additional benefit in preventive and therapeutic strategies. Personalized medicine may allow the physician to provide a better therapy for patients in terms of efficiency, safety and treatment length to reduce the associated costs. There was a remarkable growth in scientific publication on personalized medicine within the past few years in the cardiovascular field. However, so far, only very few cardiologists in the USA are incorporating personalized medicine into clinical treatment. We review the concepts, strengths, limitations and challenges of personalized medicine with a particular focus on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There are many challenges from both scientific and policy perspectives to personalized medicine, which can overcome them by comprehensive concept and understanding, clinical application, and evidence based practices. Individualized medicine serves a pivotal role in the evolution of national and global healthcare reform, especially, in the CVDs fields. Ultimately, personalized medicine will affect the entire landscape of health care system in the near future.
Lee, Moo-Sik; Flammer, Andreas J.; Lerman, Lilach O.
Reliable personal health records.
A number of applications based on personal health records (PHRs) are emerging in the field of health care and wellness. PHRs empower patients by giving them control over their health data. Health data for PHRs can be supplied by patients, wellness providers and health care providers. Health care providers may use the PHRs to provide medical care. Unfortunately, the quality of the health data in PHRs cannot be guaranteed in all cases. For example, consider cases where non-professionals such as patients and wellness providers supply data. To address this problem, we present in this paper a system that provides health care professionals with an indication of the quality of health data in a PHR. This indication is based on the reputation of the supplier and on metadata provided by measurement devices. The proposed reputation system mimics the way in which trust in health data and their suppliers is built in the real world. The system introduces minimal overhead for health care providers and patients. PMID:18487778
Van Deursen, Ton; Koster, Paul; Petkovi?, Milan
Packet personal radiation monitor
A personal radiation monitor of the chirper type is provided for detecting ionizing radiation. A battery powered high voltage power supply is used to generate and apply a high voltage bias to a G-M tube radiation sensor. The high voltage is monitored by a low-loss sensing network which generates a feedback signal to control the high voltage power supply such that the high voltage bias is recharged to +500 VDC when the current pulses of the sensor, generated by the detection of ionizing radiation events, discharges the high voltage bias to +450 VDC. During the high voltage recharge period an audio transducer is activated to produce an audible "chirp". The rate of the "chirps" is controlled by the rate at which the high voltage bias is recharged, which is proportional to the radiation field intensity to which the sensor is exposed. The chirp rate sensitivity is set to be approximately 1.5 (chirps/min/MR/hr.). The G-M tube sensor is used in a current sensing mode so that the device does not paralyze in a high radiation field.
Phelps, James E. (Knoxville, TN)
A personal radiation monitor of the chirper type is provided for detecting ionizing radiation. A battery powered high voltage power supply is used to generate and apply a high voltage bias to a G-M tube radiation sensor. The high voltage is monitored by a low-loss sensing network which generates a feedback signal to control the high voltage power supply such that the high voltage bias is recharged to +500 VDC when the current pulses of the sensor, generated by the detection of ionizing radiatonevents, discharges the high voltage bias to +450 VDC. During the high voltage recharge period an audio transducer is activated to produce an audible ''chirp''. The rate of the ''chirps'' is controlled by the rate at which the high voltage bias is recharged, which is proportional to the radiation field intensity to which the sensor is exposed. The chirp rate sensitivity is set to be approximately 1.5 (chirps/min/MR/hr.). The G-M tube sensor is used in a current sensing mode so that the device does not paralyze in a high radiation field. 2 figs.
Phelps, J.E.
Personal Fuel Appliance
This report summarizes the progress made in Phase I of Stuart's Personal Fueling Appliance Program. Phase I concluded in March 2002 with the demonstration and deployment of several working models. As proposed in the original project plan, working models of the PFA were built to prove feasibility and technically market the concept. Future follow up phases of the project, Phase II and III, will take the concept through prototyping development to pre-production of commercially viable product. The Phase I program successfully demonstrate a home fueling system capable of running on a household circuit, 220V/40 Amp/single phase or equivalent. Connected to a source of ''drinking water'' the system has all the functions necessary to convert water and electricity to high-pressure hydrogen fuel. Pressures of up to 3600 psig were achieved on demonstration systems and higher pressures up to 5000 psig were achieved in the lab. The development program spanned building 3 series of prototypes: White Box (1 unit built 1998), PFA Series 100 (4 units built 1999-2000), and Series 200 (6 units built 2000-02). Advanced in controls and process learned in the PFA program have been embodied in Stuart's larger fuel appliances.
Stuart Energy
Personalized healthcare through intelligent gadgets.
An intelligent gadget is a wearable platform which is reconfigurable, scalable, and component-based and which can be equipped, carried as a personal accessory, or in a certain case, implanted internally into a body. Various kinds of personal information can be gathered with intelligent gadgets, and that information is used to provide specially personalized services to people in the ubiquitous computing environment. In this paper, we show a personalized healthcare service through intelligent gadgets. A service based on intelligent gadgets can be built intuitively and easily with a context representation language, called the intelligent gadget markup language (IGML) based on the event-condition-action (ECA) rule. The inherent nature of extensibility, not only environmental information but also physiological information can be specified as a context in IGML and can be dealt with an intelligent gadget with ease. It enables intelligent gadgets to be adopted to many different kinds of personalized healthcare services. PMID:19163415
Jang, Hyeju; Kim, Sanghyun; Bae, Changseok
Precedent autonomy and personal identity.
Debates on precedent autonomy and some forms of paternalistic interventions, which are related to questions of personal identity, are analyzed. The discussion is based on the distinction between personal identity as persistence and as biographical identity. It first is shown that categorical objections to advance directives and "Ulysses contracts" are based on false assumptions about personal identity that conflate persistence and biographical identity. Therefore, advance directives and "Ulysses contracts" are ethically acceptable tools for prolonging one's autonomy. The notions of personality and biographical identity are used to analyze the ethically relevant features. Thereby, it is shown that these concepts are operative in and useful for thinking in biomedical ethics. The overall conclusion is that categorical arguments against precedent autonomy or "Ulysses contracts" are based on misleading theories of personal identity and that advance directives are an ethically respectable tool for prolonging individuals' autonomy in cases of dementia and mental illness. PMID:11657917
Quante, Michael
Economic crime: does personality matter?
Since the publication of Edwin Sutherland's classical study, White Collar Crime, personality has been treated as completely irrelevant as a cause or as a correlating variable in studies of economic crime. This article questions that thesis. In an ongoing Swedish project studying economic crime in the areas of construction, engineering, and the music industry, 128 informants were interviewed regarding the personal character of the economic criminal compared to that of the law-abiding businessperson. Data were collected from five different regions in Sweden using the Big Five model, the personality model most often used within the field of personality research today. This article compares the results from the interviews with the few international studies that exist regarding economic crimes in these areas and common results are emphasized. It also presents nuanced analyses of the significance of personality in economic crime. PMID:12808742
Alalehto, Tage
The Future of Integration, Personalization, and ePortfolio Technologies
Most educators accept the premise that, in an ideal world, learning would be delivered in the manner and environment that best suit the needs and learning styles of individual learners. In the future, technologies like personalization, integration, and electronic portfolios will progress toward this ideal by broadening the learning universe. These…
LaCour, Susan
Personal Mobile Navigation Systems - Design Considerations and Experiences
For the CeBIT 2000, the Fraunhofer IGD Rostock developed the official electronic exhibition guide (eGuide) for palmsized computers and is thereby founding a new generation of personal assistant for fairs and exhibitions. This report describes the concepts and experiences with the application which has already been used by more than 40.000 user.
Gerald Bieber; Martin Giersich; Thomas Kirste
Personal mobile navigation systems - design considerations and experiences
For the CeBIT2000, the Fraunhofer IGD Rostock developed the official electronic exhibition guide (eGuide) for palmsized computers and is thereby founding a new generation of personal assistant for fairs and exhibitions. This report describes the concepts and experiences with the application that has already been used by more than 40,000 users.
Gerald Bieber; Martin Giersich
Personal Area Networks: Bluetooth or IEEE 802.11?
Interconnecting all our electronic devices we carry around, such as cellular phones, PDAs, and laptops, with wireless links requires a cheap, low-power radio technology that still delivers good performance. In this context, the Bluetooth wireless technology was developed to meet the requirements introduced by these personal area networks (PANs). However, today we see a widespread deployment of wireless local area
Per Johansson; Rohit Kapoor; Manthos Kazantzidis; Mario Gerla
A Framework for Personal Health Records in the Philippines
The advent of Internet technology has made it easier for consumers to participate in the management of their own health records. Add to this the proliferation of person-based devices that allow consumers to hold on to electronic copies of their health data (e.g., in their cellphones, PDAs, flash drives). Traditionally, health records have been maintained in hospitals, and patients could
Alvin B. Marcelo
Normal personality versus pathological personality: dimensional and predictive study.
The present study aimed to replicate the previous relationship between the Zuckerman personality model and the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) and to evaluate the contribution of the facets and factors from Zuckerman's new instrument Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ) versus the old Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire to the four clusters of the DAPP-BQ. The sample consisted of 443 subjects from the general population of both sexes. The ZKA-PQ dimensions predicted between 35 % and 61% of the DAPP-BQ cluster variance and facets between 54% and 63%. Local regression graphical analysis (LOESS) showed that neuroticism and aggressiveness are the dimensions most related with emotional dysregulation. Sensation seeking and aggressiveness were associated with dissocial behaviour. Neuroticism and extraversion (negative) were associated with social avoidance and activity and sensation seeking (negative) with compulsiveness. The new ZKA-PQ improves the psychometric properties of the old Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire. Both dimensional personality measures can play a role in the prediction of the future DSM-V personality disorder dimensional system. PMID:24343978
Aluja, Anton; Blanch, Angel; Balada, Ferran
Personality Diagnosis for Personalized eHealth Services
In this paper we present two different approaches to personality diagnosis, for the provision of innovative personalized services, as used in a case study where diabetic patients were supported in the improvement of physical activity in their daily life. The first approach presented relies on a static clustering of the population, with a specific motivation strategy designed for each cluster. The second approach relies on a dynamic population clustering, making use of recommendation systems and algorithms, like Collaborative Filtering. We discuss pro and cons of each approach and a possible combination of the two, as the most promising solution for this and other personalization services in eHealth.
Cortellese, Fabio; Nalin, Marco; Morandi, Angelica; Sanna, Alberto; Grasso, Floriana
Internally displaced persons.
There were estimated to be over 20 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) at the end of 1999, a number that surpasses global estimates of refugees. Displacement exposes IDPs to new hazards and accrued vulnerability. These dynamics result in greater risk for the development of illness and death. Often, access of IDPs to health care and humanitarian assistance is excluded deliberately by conflicting parties. Furthermore, the arrival of IDPs into another community or region strains local health systems, and the host population ends up sharing the sufferings of the internally displaced. Health outcomes are dismaying. From a health perspective, the best option is to avoid human displacement. WHO contributes to the prevention of displacement by working for sustainable development. Placing health high on the political agenda helps maintain stability, and thereby, reduce the likelihood for displacement. Primary responsibility for assisting IDPs, irrespective of the cause, rests with the national government. However, where the government is unwilling or unable to provide the necessary aid, the international humanitarian community must step in, with WHO playing a major role in the health sector. There is consensus among the partners of the World Health Organization (WHO) that, in emergencies, the WHO must: 1) take the lead in rapid health assessment, epidemiological and nutritional surveillance, epidemic preparedness, essential drugs management, control of communicable diseases, and physical and psychosocial rehabilitation; and 2) provide guidelines and advice on nutritional requirements and rehabilitation, immunisation, medical relief items, and reproductive health. If the vital health needs of IDPs--security, food, water, shelter, sanitation and household items--are not satisfied, the provision of health services alone cannot save lives. Community participation is essential, and community participation implies bolstering the assets and capacities of the beneficiaries. PMID:11875794
Leus, X; Wallace, J; Loretti, A
Interactive personalized newspaper on the WWW
This paper discusses the personalization of online newspapers based on our experience with the Krakatoa Chronicle, an interactive, personalized, newspaper on the World Wide Web. The personalization of newspapers involves both social and technical issues. In social terms, it is important that users can control the extent of personalization, because newspapers are not only a means to get personally interesting
Tomonari Kamba; Krishna Bharat
Personality Influences on Change in Smoking Behavior
Objective: To investigate associations between personality traits in early adulthood (and changes in them) and change in smoking status. Design: Prospective, longitudinal study of a general-population birth cohort. Main Outcome Measures: We measured smoking at ages 18, 26, and 32, and personality at ages 18 and 26 using the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (Tellegen & Waller, in press). We assessed personality's
David Welch; Richie Poulton
Music Training, Cognition, and Personality
Although most studies that examined associations between music training and cognitive abilities had correlational designs, the prevailing bias is that music training causes improvements in cognition. It is also possible, however, that high-functioning children are more likely than other children to take music lessons, and that they also differ in personality. We asked whether individual differences in cognition and personality predict who takes music lessons and for how long. The participants were 118 adults (Study 1) and 167 10- to 12-year-old children (Study 2). We collected demographic information and measured cognitive ability and the Big Five personality dimensions. As in previous research, cognitive ability was associated with musical involvement even when demographic variables were controlled statistically. Novel findings indicated that personality was associated with musical involvement when demographics and cognitive ability were held constant, and that openness-to-experience was the personality dimension with the best predictive power. These findings reveal that: (1) individual differences influence who takes music lessons and for how long, (2) personality variables are at least as good as cognitive variables at predicting music training, and (3) future correlational studies of links between music training and non-musical ability should account for individual differences in personality.
Corrigall, Kathleen A.; Schellenberg, E. Glenn; Misura, Nicole M.
The personal sense of power.
Scholars who examine the psychological effects of power have often argued that possessing power shapes individual behavior because it instills an elevated sense of power. However, little is known about the personal sense of power because very few studies have examined it empirically. In studies involving a total of 1,141 participants and nine different samples, we found that the personal sense of power was coherent within social contexts; for example, individuals who believed that they can get their way in a group also believed that they can influence fellow group members' attitudes and opinions. The personal sense of power was also moderately consistent across relationships but showed considerable relationship specificity; for example, individuals' personal sense of power vis-ŕ-vis their friend tended to be distinct but moderately related to their personal sense of power vis-ŕ-vis their parent. And the personal sense of power was affected not only by sociostructural factors (e.g., social position, status) but also by personality variables such as dominance. PMID:21446947
Anderson, Cameron; John, Oliver P; Keltner, Dacher
Ephemeral and Persistent Personalization in Adaptive Information Access to Scholarly Publications on the Web
We show how personalization techniques can be e xploited to implement more a daptive a nd effective information access s ystems in electronic publishing. We distinguish persistent (or long term) and ephemeral (or short t erm) personalization, and we describe how both of them can be profitably applied in information filtering and retrieval systems used, via a specialized Web portal,
Stefano Mizzaro; Carlo Tasso
Personal Emergency Response Systems: Communication Technology Aids Elderly and Their Families
Personal emergency response systems (PRS), electronic technology that can summon help to disabled or frail persons living alone, have achieved rapid acceptance in home health care in the past 10 years. This article summarizes research on user characteristics, emergency rates, psychological effects, and effects on health service use. Typical PRS subscribers average 78 years of age, have multiple physical problems,
Andrew S. Dibner
Design of an ultra low power CMOS pixel sensor for a future neutron personal dosimeter
Despite a continuously increasing demand, neutron electronic personal dosimeters (EPDs) are still far from being completely established because their development is a very difficult task. A low-noise, ultra low power consumption CMOS pixel sensor for a future neutron personal dosimeter has been implemented in a 0.35 ?m CMOS technology. The prototype is composed of a pixel array for detection of
Y. Zhang; Ch. Hu-Guo; D. Husson; Y. Hu
Personality and illness: genetic connections?
Illness is strongly influenced by genetics. Personality traits are influenced by genetics and have linkages with, at least, affective illness. Because genetics influences both personality and illness, we studied by literature review the genes that illness and personality traits share and, by office assessment, our patient population's illnesses and personality traits. This led to the following hypothesis: illness is related to more Submissive than Dominant personality trait and thus to lower norepinephrine activity. Patient affect and personality are often noted to be subdued in chronic illness, but whether from cause or effect is difficult to determine. After reviewing the literature on wellness, personality and genes, we endeavored to explore and better delineate our impressions of illness and personality relationships and to set the stage for a genetic hypothesis by using an online personality test in an ob-gyn practice to determine which traits could be used as proxies for personality trait genes. We thus confirmed our clinical impression that women with psychiatric and/or medical illness have more Submissive personality. The medical literature on gene markers shared by Submissive personality and illness in our population suggests the hypothesis that this relationship could be mediated by genetically lower neurotransmitter activity. Both norepinephrine activity and monoamine oxidase A, the enzyme controlling its catabolism, are in concert to blunt neuronal activity in such diverse states as depression, asthma, obesity, autoimmune illness, and in smokers. Conversely, norepinephrine activity is enhanced in breastfeeders and in other settings known to be related to good health. A point for possible divergence from the hypothesis is that African-Americans have enhanced norepinephrine activity yet poorer health outcomes although the effect of environmental risk factors in African-Americans is considered prominent by researchers. The possible importance of this hypothesis is that it changes emphasis slightly from one of splitting diagnoses to one of grouping them to achieve fresh insight. If we assess what is found in common in diverse illnesses of mind and body, we have yet another tool to assess causation. Although this hypothesis is offered somewhat in a boldness of spirit to take a new look at our many perplexing clinical problems, it is also offered with humility in light of the complexity with which we deal in patient care. PMID:20826063
Hobgood, Donna K
How to Recieve Personal Revelaiton
Activity: You are going to make a scripture chain that teaches us how we can receive Personal Revelation. Remember, when we talk to Heavenly Father we call it prayer. When Heavenly Father resonds to us by the Holy Ghost we call it Personal Revelation. Items Needed for this activity: (Go get them you\\'ll use them for this activity. If you don\\'t have your scriptures at home, used the links below.) -Scriptures -Pencil -Journal Read the following scriptures and underline the keywords you find that teach you how we receive personal revelation. Scripture #1:D C 8:2-3 Turn to the scripture above and ...
Boyce, Bro.
Solid-State Personal Dosimetry
This document is a web site page, and a data sheet about Personal protection (i.e., space suits) presented to the Radiation and Micrometeoroid Mitigation Technology Focus Group meeting. The website describes the work of the PI to improve solid state personal radiation dosimetry. The data sheet presents work on the active personal radiation detection system that is to provide real-time local radiation exposure information during EVA. Should undue exposure occur, knowledge of the dynamic intensity conditions during the exposure will allow more precise diagnostic assessment of the potential health risk to the exposed individual.
Wrbanek, John D.; Fralick, Gustave C.; Wrbanek, Susan Y.
Personality Predicts Cognitive Function Over Seven Years in Older Persons
Objectives To determine whether Neuroticism, as well as the less-studied dimensions the Five Factor Model of personality (Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) were associated with 7-year trajectories of cognitive functioning in older persons. Design Primary analysis of existing clinical trial data. Participants 602 persons of average age 79 at baseline. Measurements The NEO-Five Factor Inventory of personality, completed at baseline, and the modified Mini Mental Status Exam (3MSE) measured every 6 months for 7 years. Results Controlling for demographics, baseline morbidities including depression, health behaviors, Apolipoprotein E4 genotype, and self-rated health, higher Neuroticism was associated with worse average cognitive functioning and a steeper rate of decline over follow-up. Higher Extraversion and lower Openness were both associated with worse average cognitive functioning prospectively, while persons higher in Conscientiousness showed a slower rate of cognitive decline. Conclusions In addition to Neuroticism, other dispositional tendencies appear prognostically relevant for cognitive functioning in older persons. More work is needed to understand the mechanisms by which traits operate, as well as whether mitigation of certain dispositional tendencies can facilitate a better course of cognitive function.
Chapman, Benjamin; Duberstein, Paul; Tindle, Hilary A; Sink, Kaycee M; Robbins, John; Tancredi, Daniel J.; Franks, Peter
30 CFR 77.100 - Certified person.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
...2009-07-01 2009-07-01 false Certified person. 77.100 Section 77.100 Mineral Resources...UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Qualified and Certified Persons § 77.100 Certified person. (a)(1) The provisions of this...
...2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certified person. 77.100 Section 77.100 Mineral Resources...UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Qualified and Certified Persons § 77.100 Certified person. (a)(1) The provisions of this...
30 CFR 75.100 - Certified person.
...2009-07-01 2009-07-01 false Certified person. 75.100 Section 75.100 Mineral Resources...STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Qualified and Certified Persons § 75.100 Certified person. (a) The provisions of Subpart...
32 CFR 174.13 - Personal property.
...2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Personal property. 174.13 Section 174.13 National Defense...ADDRESSING IMPACTS OF REALIGNMENT Personal Property § 174.13 Personal property. (a) This section outlines...
Personality Inventory Selection for Understanding Leadership Styles.
The ACSC is considering adopting a new personality inventory to replace the 20 question survey used in its leadership instruction. The study justifies using personality inventories to identify leadership styles and it compares the Sixteen Personality Fact...
A. M. Gardner
Multimethod Investigation of Interpersonal Functioning in Borderline Personality Disorder
Even though interpersonal functioning is of great clinical importance for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), the comparative validity of different assessment methods for interpersonal dysfunction has not yet been tested. This study examined multiple methods of assessing interpersonal functioning, including self- and other-reports, clinical ratings, electronic diaries, and social cognitions in three groups of psychiatric patients (N=138): patients with (1) BPD, (2) another personality disorder, and (3) Axis I psychopathology only. Using dominance analysis, we examined the predictive validity of each method in detecting changes in symptom distress and social functioning six months later. Across multiple methods, the BPD group often reported higher interpersonal dysfunction scores compared to other groups. Predictive validity results demonstrated that self-report and electronic diary ratings were the most important predictors of distress and social functioning. Our findings suggest that self-report scores and electronic diary ratings have high clinical utility, as these methods appear most sensitive to change.
Stepp, Stephanie D.; Hallquist, Michael N.; Morse, Jennifer Q.; Pilkonis, Paul A.
Maturation of personality in adolescence.
The present research assesses adolescent personality maturation by examining 3 measures of change and stability (i.e., mean-level change, rank-order stability, and profile similarity) of Big Five personality traits, employing data from a 5-annual-wave study with overlapping early to middle (n = 923) and middle to late (n = 390) adolescent cohorts. Results indicated that mean levels of Agreeableness and Emotional Stability increased during adolescence. There was mixed evidence for increases in Extraversion and Openness. Additionally, rank-order stability and profile similarity of adolescent personality traits clearly increased from early to late adolescence. For all change facets, the authors found evidence for gender differences in the timing of adolescent personality maturation, as girls were found to mature earlier than boys. PMID:19309210
Klimstra, Theo A; Hale, William W; Raaijmakers, Quinten A W; Branje, Susan J T; Meeus, Wim H J
Conversational topics in transsexual persons.
Abstract In general, speech language therapy for transsexual persons focuses on pitch and pitch variation and more recently also on resonance. Other communicative aspects are dealt with far less often, especially language. This study investigated to what extent conversational topics might need attention in therapy for transsexual persons. A total of 111 males, 116 females, 28 male-to-female and 18 female-to-male transsexuals were asked to indicate on a list with 34 topics how often they speak about each topic (never, sometimes, often) in conversations with males, with females and in a gender mixed group. Results showed that transsexual persons behave in accordance with the desired gender. However, they also tend to adopt a position depending on the gender of their conversational partner. It can be concluded that in general it is not necessary to pay attention to conversational topics in therapy for transsexual persons. PMID:24446798
Van Borsel, John; Cayzeele, Miet; Heirman, Eva; T'sjoen, Guy
Borderline Personality Disorder: Treatment FAQs
... facility evaluate patients and diagnose BPD and other personality disorders? Who will evaluate the condition of the patient? ... disorders (i.e., dieticians and nurses for eating disorders, addiction counselors for ... at this treatment facility and what do they cover?
Code AI Personal Web Pages
The document consists of a publicly available web site (george.arc.nasa.gov) for Joseph A. Garcia's personal web pages in the AI division. Only general information will be posted and no technical material. All the information is unclassified.
Garcia, Joseph A.; Smith, Charles A. (Technical Monitor)
Managing Motivation In Personalized Instruction
addresses the topic of managing motivation in Keller's Personalized System of Instruction (PSI). Outlines the reinforcing features that are at the foundation of PSI theory, and examines methods used to ensure that these reinforcing properties are fu lly utilized. (JR)
Wagner, G. R.; And Others
Personal Glimpses of Bucky Fuller.
Fourteen people who knew Buckminster Fuller as students, neighbors, and co-workers offer remembrances of his personality. They remember especially his ability to communicate with and inspire people of diverse ages, educations, and backgrounds. (IS)
Futurist, 1983
Intermediate Volume Personal Sampler (IVPS).
The historical development of the Intermediate Volume Personal Sampler, or IVPS, is described, and information is given on testing and calibration, and manufacturing considerations. Detailed instructions are given for the use of the IVPS for sampling resp...
Dysfunctional beliefs discriminate personality disorders.
This study examines whether specific sets of dysfunctional beliefs are differentially associated with five personality disorders (PDs) as predicted by cognitive theory. Seven hundred fifty-six psychiatric outpatients completed the Personality Belief Questionnaire (PBQ) at intake and were assessed for PDs using a standardized clinical interview conducted by assessors who were blind to patients' PBQ responses. Findings showed that patients with avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, narcissistic, and paranoid PDs preferentially endorsed PBQ beliefs theoretically linked to their specific disorders. The study results support the cognitive theory of personality disorders. Suggestions are made regarding the clinical utility of the PBQ with personality-disordered patients and future research on the PBQ. PMID:11579990
Beck, A T; Butler, A C; Brown, G K; Dahlsgaard, K K; Newman, C F; Beck, J S
Key Person Questionnaire Baseline Analysis.
The report is from a USAC series produced by the Franklin Institute Research Laboratories designed to explore IMIS impacts on city administrative organization and behavior. The Key Person Questionnaire, which forms the basis for this report, examines basi...
S. R. Enion
Personal Ethics versus Professional Ethics.
Integrity, honesty, and moral conduct are essential elements in a good leader. Most people would agree with that statement. Disagreement comes when these standards are applied equally to personal and professional lives. The general thinking of society tod...
J. E. White
The Holocaust: A Personal Encounter.
Maintains that story is a powerful tool in teaching antiracist education. Presents the personal story of a World War II concentration camp survivor. Discusses the use of Holocaust literature to explore anti-Semitism and racism. (CFR)
Marmor, Margie
Mindfulness and Borderline Personality Disorder
\\u000a Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe personality disorder characterized by prominent and pervasive dysregulation\\u000a of emotion, behavior, and cognition. Current diagnostic criteria for BPD include difficulties with interpersonal relationships,\\u000a affective instability, problems with anger, destructive impulsive behaviors, frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, problems\\u000a with self-identity, chronic feelings of emptiness, transient dissociative symptoms and\\/or paranoid ideation, and suicidal\\u000a behaviors (American
Shireen L. Rizvi; Stacy Shaw Welch; Sona Dimidjian
Great Talks about Personal Revelation
Click on any of these talks to learn some more great information about recieving revelation. Here are some great talks about what we learned in seminary this last week: Did You Get the Right Message? by President James E. Faust Personal Revelation: The Gift, the Test, and the Promise Download this MP3 and put it on your iPod! How to Receive Personal Revelation By Bruce R. McConkie MP3 Download ...
The Roma Personal Metadata Service
People now have available to them a diversity of dig- ital storage facilities, including laptops, cell phone address books, handheld devices, desktop comput- ers and web-based storage services. Unfortunately, as the number of personal data repositories in- creases, so does the management problem of ensur- ing that the most up-to-date version of any docu- ment in a user's personal file
Edward Swierk; Emre Kiciman; Nathan C. Williams; Takashi Fukushima; Hideki Yoshida; Vince Laviano; Mary Baker
Forecasting global generation of obsolete personal computers.
Electronic waste (e-waste) has emerged as a new policy priority around the world. Motivations to address e-waste include rapidly growing waste streams, concern over the environmental fate of heavy metals and other substances in e-waste, and impacts of informal recycling in developing countries. Policy responses to global e-waste focus on banning international trade in end-of-life electronics, the premise being that e-waste is mainly generated in the developed world and then exported to the developing world. Sales of electronics have, however, been growing rapidly in developing nations, raising the question of whether informal recycling in developing countries driven by international trade or domestic generation. This paper addresses this question by forecasting the global generation of obsolete personal computers (PCs) using the logistic model and material flow analysis. Results show that the volume of obsolete PCs generated in developing regions will exceed that of developed regions by 2016-2018. By 2030, the obsolete PCs from developing regions will reach 400-700 million units, far more than from developed regions at 200-300 million units. Future policies to mitigate the impacts of informal recycling should address the domestic situation in developing countries. PMID:20302363
Yu, Jinglei; Williams, Eric; Ju, Meiting; Yang, Yan
A personal particle speciation sampler.
Fuller understanding of personal exposures to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 microm (PM2.5*) requires a personal sampler suitable for assaying not only PM2.5 mass but also its major chemical constituents: elemental carbon, organic carbon, sulfates, and nitrates. The goal to measure these constituents simultaneously imposes several constraints on personal sampler design. The aim of this project was to develop a sampler within these constraints that would be suitable for personal monitoring over 8 hours. In addition, with the intent to improve the precision of mass measurements, we investigated offline use of beta attenuation. The personal particle speciation sampler (PPSS) includes an inlet to remove particles larger than 2.5 microm, 2 sampling channels, and a pump with flow control. One channel serves for measuring particle mass and inorganic ions; the other, for measuring organic carbon and elemental carbon. Denuders can be placed in either channel or both channels. A backup filter can be placed on the denuded channel to collect volatilized particulate nitrate. Two prototype PPSS units were built and tested. The results of both laboratory testing of key PPSS components and a limited field study of the prototype in comparison to an AIHL (Air and Industrial Hygiene Laboratory) cyclone-based sampler are reported. PMID:12670062
Hering, Susanne; Kreisberg, Nathan; John, Walter
An interactive, personalized, newspaper on the WWW
This paper discusses the personalization of online newspapers based on our experience with the Krakatoa Chronicle, an interactive, personalized, newspaper on the World Wide Web (WWW). The personalization of newspapers involves both social and technical issues. In social terms, it is important that users can control the extent of personalization, because news- papers are not only a means to get
Reactions to ambiguous stimuli among paranoid personalities
The psychological literature on paranoia and paranoid schizophrenia is extensive, particularly in the area of perceptual and cognitive processing. However, there has been a relative neglect of paranoid personality. The present study investigates whether paranoid personalities differed from controls in their responses to ambiguous or incomplete stimuli. Paranoid personalities (PP), other personality controls (OP), and normal subjects (NR) were exposed
Susan K. Thompson-Pope; Ira Daniel Turkat
Social skills deficits in schizotypal personality disorder
Evidence of long-standing social difficulties has been well documented in persons with schizophrenia. These deficits are often so rudimentary that a person with schizophrenia may never have developed the skills necessary to present as socially competent. Given the cognitive, biological, and neuroanatomical links between schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), a study of social skills in persons with SPD may
Tracy L. Waldeck; L. Stephen Miller
Hypnosis creates multiple personality: Myth or reality?
Since before the turn of the century, multiple personality has been associated with hysteria and hypnosis. The myth that hypnosis can create multiple personality is examined in this paper by reviewing studies that have suggested or implied a casual link between hypnosis and multiple personality. While it is possible that personality fragments can appear under hypnosis, there is no evidence
Bennett G. Braun
Personalizing the Appearance of Content Packages
The personalized delivery of content is a way of making online content portals more attrac- tive to end users, and consequently, nowadays many online portals provide varying ways of personalizing their service. In order to facili- tate the creation of such personalized services, the IMAGEN toolset came into existence. IMAGEN aims at creating personalized con- tent packages, where documents are
Alexander Kröner; Hideo Sato
Developmental Work Personality Scale: An Initial Analysis.
The research reported in this article involved using the Developmental Model of Work Personality to create a scale to measure work personality, the Developmental Work Personality Scale (DWPS). Overall, results indicated that the DWPS may have potential applications for assessing work personality prior to client involvement in comprehensive…
Strauser, David R.; Keim, Jeanmarie
Personality Rights Within a Bioethical Context
The personality rights are strongly linked to the quality of human being; they are rights that belong to every individual due to the very fact that he is a person. They refer mainly to the protection of the physical and psychical characteristics of the human being, to his individuality or personality. In the current times, the personality rights are seriously
Calina Jugastru
Personalized biomedical devices & systems for healthcare applications
With the advancement in micro- and nanotechnology, electromechanical components and systems are getting smaller and smaller and gradually can be applied to the human as portable, mobile and even wearable devices. Healthcare industry have started to benefit from this technology trend by providing more and more miniature biomedical devices for personalized medical treatments in order to obtain better and more accurate outcome. This article introduces some recent development in non-intrusive and intrusive biomedical devices resulted from the advancement of niche miniature sensors and actuators, namely, wearable biomedical sensors, wearable haptic devices, and ingestible medical capsules. The development of these devices requires carful integration of knowledge and people from many different disciplines like medicine, electronics, mechanics, and design. Furthermore, designing affordable devices and systems to benefit all mankind is a great challenge ahead. The multi-disciplinary nature of the R&D effort in this area provides a new perspective for the future mechanical engineers.
Chen, I.-Ming; Phee, Soo Jay; Luo, Zhiqiang; Lim, Chee Kian
Concern for Personal Privacy in an Electronic Age.
Surveyed attitudes toward the importance of privacy, seriousness of various privacy invasions, organizations that are trusted or mistrusted, etc. Concluded, among other findings, that most respondents were wary of possible invasions of privacy by the government but preferred government regulation of data collection by private businesses to…
Vidmar, Neil; Flaherty, David H.
Electronic "Connectedness": Its Meaning for Personal and Social Disabilities
Computerized conferencing is discussed in terms of its usefulness for communication among those who have not had the opportunity for widespread interactive communication in the past, providing connectedness for those who have been less connected. (Author/MBR)
Price, Charlton R.; Kerr, Elaine B.
Shame regulation in personality pathology.
Drawing on extant work on shame and emotion regulation, this article proposes that three broad forms of maladaptive shame regulation strategies are fundamental in much of personality pathology: Prevention (e.g., dependence, fantasy), used preemptively, lessens potential for shame; Escape (e.g., social withdrawal, misdirection) reduces current or imminent shame; Aggression, used after shame begins, refocuses shame into anger directed at the self (e.g., physical self-harm) or others (e.g., verbal aggression). This article focuses on the contributions of shame regulation to the development and maintenance of personality pathology, highlighting how various maladaptive shame regulation strategies may lead to personality pathology symptoms, associated features, and dimensions. Consideration is also given to the possible shame-related constructs necessitating emotion regulation (e.g., shame aversion and proneness) and the points in the emotion process when regulation can occur. PMID:21895346
Schoenleber, Michelle; Berenbaum, Howard
Narcissism and the personal myth.
Kris (1956) described the concept of the personal myth as an autobiographical story built around a family romance fantasy seen specifically in obsessive characters and serving a defensive function. In this paper the concept of the personal myth was expanded to include similar defensive constellations originating from within the grandiose self, built around omnipotent and omniscient fantasies and occurring in character formations with pregenital, narcissistic pathology. The case of a known author and poet, Nikos Kazantzakis, was used to illustrate the thesis of the paper. The available biographical material and the work of the author offer evidence to support the claim that the author's personal myth was a protective shield against anxiety originating in early narcissistic traumata. PMID:3749397
Lester, E P
The wit: a personality analysis.
Fifty-eight undergraduate psychology students were group tested on 12 variables thought to be related to the successful prediction of wit. In addition to a score on wit, scores on creativity, verbal fluency, need for play, need for impulsivity, self-confidence, dominance, exhibition, change, autonomy, personal adjustment, authoritarianism, and sex group were obtained. The results were analyzed in a stepwise multiple regression analysis. A significant Pearson product-moment correlation was obtained between wit and creativity (p < .01) and between wit and personal adjustment (p < .05). The multiple regression analysis indicated that creativity was the best single significant predictor of wit. Personal adjustment, in combination with creativity, provided the next highest significant contribution. The results are discussed and suggestions for further research are posited. PMID:16366941
Clabby, J F
Cosmological Inflation: A Personal Perspective
We present a brief review of Cosmological Inflation from the personal perspective of the speaker who almost 30 years ago proposed a way of resolving the problem of Cosmological Horizon by employing certain notions and developments from the field of High Energy Physics. Along with a brief introduction of the Horizon and Flatness problems of standard cosmology, this lecture concentrates on personal reminiscing of the notions and ideas that prevailed and influenced the author's thinking at the time. The lecture then touches upon some more recent developments related to the subject including exact solutions to conformal gravity that provide a first principles emergence of a characteristic acceleration in the universe and concludes with some personal views concerning the direction that the cosmology field has taken in the past couple of decades and certain speculations some notions that may indicate future directions of research.
Kazanas, Demos
Personal Health Maintenance for Children
The foundations for lifelong responsibility for personal health maintenance are laid down in childhood. Personal health maintenance for children is important for a healthy childhood, for a healthy adulthood and for the development of positive values about health, personal health responsibility and the use of health services. Present knowledge in this area is weak but growing. Five areas of development are highlighted: (1) the cognitive understanding of health and disease, (2) a psychological sense of control over health, (3) parental and media influences on health behaviors, (4) school health education and (5) training by health professionals about self-management of childhood illness and health services usage patterns. Implications for current practice are developed.
Richmond, Julius B.; Kotelchuck, Milton
Personalized medicine: hope or hype?
Medicine has always been personalized. For years, physicians have incorporated environmental, behavioural, and genetic factors that affect disease and drug response into patient management decisions. However, until recently, the 'genetic' data took the form of family history and self-reported race/ethnicity. As genome sequencing declines in cost, the availability of specific genomic information will no longer be limiting. Rather, our ability to parse these data and our decision whether to use it will become primary. As our understanding of genetic association with drug responses and diseases continues to improve, clinically useful genetic tests may emerge to improve upon our previous methods of assessing genetic risks. Indeed, genetic tests for monogenic disorders have already proven useful. Such changes may usher in a new era of personalized medicine. In this review, we will discuss the utility and limitations of personal genomic data in three domains: pharmacogenomics, assessment of genetic predispositions for common diseases, and identification of rare disease-causing genetic variants.
Salari, Keyan; Watkins, Hugh; Ashley, Euan A.
46 CFR 530.10 - Amendment, correction, cancellation, and electronic transmission errors.
...correction, cancellation, and electronic transmission errors. 530.10 Section 530...correction, cancellation, and electronic transmission errors. (a) Terms. When used...A to this part. (d) Electronic transmission errors. An authorized person...
Electronic Journal of Sociology
Billed as "the world's first and longest running electronic journal of sociology", the Electronic Journal of Sociology has been in existence in 1994. The Journal's home is at Athabasca University, and persons with an interest in submitting materials for potential inclusion in a future edition of the Journal will want to take a look at their guidelines straight away. Members of the general public may want to browse around in the archives, which contain articles titled "Children and Young People's Status in Iran: Profiles and Challenge" and "Disembodiment and Cyberspace". The site is rounded out by a section where visitors can read new announcements from the editors and also offer feedback.
Personality Dynamics: Insights From the Personality Social Cognitive Literature
Psychodynamic and social cognitive approaches to personality assessment converge now more so than at any time in the history of experimental psychology. This contribution seeks to make this point. First, the trait of neuroticism predisposes one to multiple adverse outcomes, a point not sufficiently captured by the current version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.
Michael D. Robinson; Kathryn H. Gordon
Developmental Personality Styles: An Attachment Theory Conceptualization of Personality Disorders.
Using K. Bartholomew's (1990) 4-dimensional model of adult attachment as an organizational framework, 10 developmental personality styles are differentiated regarding their unique attachment experiences, working models of self and other, and feedforward beliefs. Implications of an attachment theory framework for counseling clients with problematic…
Lyddon, William J.; Sherry, Alissa
Situational Determinants of Personal Validation of General Personality Interpretations
Determines whether kind of test used in personality assessment is an important factor in influencing the extent to which subjects accept the interpretation made by a psychologist and clarifies the importance of the status of the test-interpreter by eliminating a status-experimenter confound contained within the Snyder and Larsen (1972) study.…
Hinrichsen, James J.; Bradley, Laurence A.
Vocational Adjustment of Mentally Retarded Persons: Personal-Environmental Variables.
Analysis of vocational adjustment for 109 male and 89 female mentally retarded workers (ages 16-45) indicated that while no single factor predicted vocational success, work-related personality traits and basic work skills should be emphasized. It is concluded that mental retardation and vocational inadequacy should be considered separately.…
Misawa, Gi-ichi; Obata, Fumiya
Personal Development Planning: Pedagogy and the Politicisation of the Personal
This article reflects the findings of an initial investigation of the origins of Personal Development Planning (PDP) and is part of a wider study of the impacts and influences of the implementation. Through an analysis of the socio-political contexts within which PDP as a set of educational processes took form, together with the many theories and…
Tymms, Mark; Peters, John; Scott, Ian
Family Living and Personal Living
Find links for various projects for Family Living and Personal Living classes. FAMILY LIVING Wayne County Clerk - Marriage License The Knot Martha Stewart Weddings *Travel Planning Sites* Northwest Airlines Amtrak Travelocity Spirit Air Orbitz PERSONAL LIVING (and Parenting): *Alcohol Research* Alcohol and Public Health - CDC MedlinePlus: Alcoholism NIAAA National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism *Birth Control* Health and Wellness Resource Center - - start at this site by typing Birth Control in the search bar on the right of the screen and select "full text articles" and consumer heatlh. It will list a range of birth ...
Schultz, Ms.
Personal miniature electrophysiological tape recorder
The use of a personal miniature electrophysiological tape recorder to measure the physiological reactions of space flight personnel to space flight stress and weightlessness is described. The Oxford Instruments Medilog recorder, a battery-powered, four-channel cassette tape recorder with 24 hour endurance is carried on the person and will record EKG, EOG, EEG, and timing and event markers. The data will give information about heart rate and morphology changes, and document adaptation to zero gravity on the part of subjects who, unlike highly trained astronauts, are more representative of the normal population than were the subjects of previous space flight studies.
Green, H.
Understanding Personality by Understanding Companion Dogs
ABSTRACT The study of personality is well established in human psychology, with trait theory being perhaps the most widely accepted,of the personality the- ories. Animal personality research has utilized trait theory to identify personality factors in a wide variety of animal species. However, it has been somewhat hampered,by attempting to apply human,personality dimensions,to animals rather than investigating the depth and
Jacqui M. Ley; Pauleen C. Bennett
Social-Cognitive Theory of Personality Assessment
This article presents a social-cognitive theory of personality assessment. We articulate the implications of social-cognitive theories of personality for the question of what constitutes an assessment of personality structure and behavioral dispositions. The theory consists of 5 social-cognitive principles of assessment. Personality assessments should (a) distin - guish the task of assessing internal personality structures and dynamics from that of
Daniel Cervone; William G. Shadel; Simon Jencius
Adult Personality Development: Dynamics and Processes
The focus of this special issue of Research in Human Development is on adult personality and how personality may contribute to and be involved in adult development. Specifically, the contributions in this issue focus on the links between personality structures (e.g., traits) and personality processes (e.g., goal pursuit, self--regulation) and emphasize the contributions that intensive repeated measurement approaches can make to the understanding of personality and development across the adult life span.
Diehl, Manfred; Hooker, Karen
Examining the Role of Anxiety and Apathy in Health Consumers' Intentions to Use Patient Health Portals for Personal Health Information Management
This study investigated college students' attitudes toward and intentions to use personal health portals (PHPs) for managing their personal health information using a survey method. The study also aimed to examine the roles electronic Personal Health Information Management (PHIM) anxiety and apathy play in influencing students' attitudes toward…
Torres, Carlos A.
[Personality disorders in the DSM-5].
Significant changes are proposed in the personality disorders section of the 5th. edition of the DSM. The article summarizes the historical background of the personality disorder classification, including personality-types theory, trait-theory, and clinical concepts based upon psychiatric and psychoanalytical traditions. After briefly summarizing concerns on current approach to diagnosing personality disorders in DSM-IV, we summarise the most important features of the newly developed personality disorders classification, including concepts have been modified during long years of investigation. The new system will have modified less than was originally intended, and will be a hybrid model of dimensional categorical approach to diagnosing personality disorders. The ten personality disorder types are reduced to six, and they will have new criteria based on maladaptive trait dimensions. The trait structure model was derived from existing personality and personality disorder trait models, and includes five broad higher-order trait domains, which are negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. A new set of general criteria are developed for defining personality disorder. Self and interpersonal functioning represent the core impairment in personality functioning central to personality disorder, and the presence of maladaptive personality traits is also required. Severity continuum of personality pathology can be rated on the Levels of Personality Functioning Scale. PMID:23180732
Kuritárné Szabó, Ildikó
Violence and Personality in Forensic Patients: Is There a Forensic Patient-Specific Personality Profile?
Concerning the discussion about the connection of personality traits, personality disorders, and mental illness, this study focused on the personality profiles of male forensic patients, prison inmates, and young men without criminal reports. The main topic centered on group-specific personality profiles and identifying personality facets…
Stupperich, Alexandra; Ihm, Helga; Strack, Micha
Ruminations on narcissistic personality disorder.
Comments on the original article by Paris (see record 2012-18549-001) which provides an interesting and provocative overview of the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). In this commentary, the author focuses on several assessment issues for narcissism, as well as NPD in particular. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved). PMID:24796569
Trull, Timothy J
Observation of Persons and Contexts.
Observational approaches used by ecological psychologists can focus on the behavior of persons or on their settings. The options for subject-centered observation are diary methods, specimen records, time sampling, and event sampling or critical incident recording. Serious limitations correlated to the time interval method, as it is often applied,…
Gump, Paul V.
Linking personal values to gender
Two studies were conducted to investigate the relation between personal values and aspects of gender. Study 1 used the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) to examine the nature of stereotypes concerning the values of the "typical man" and the "typical woman". Results supported the hypothesis that men are viewed as more likely to endorse agentic values, such as freedom and accomplishment,
Lina Di Dio; Carina Saragovi; Richard Koestner; Jennifer Aubé
Personalized medicine for cancer therapy
Antibody signatures may become sophisticated screening tools for early diagnosis and the development of personalized anticancer treatments. We used biopanning to enrich the immune response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. This method revealed a HNSCC-specific antibody signature and allowed for the discovery of a novel oncogene, L23.
Scanlon, Christina Springstead; D'Silva, Nisha J.
Personality correlates of driver stress
Summary-This paper reports four studies of personality and mood correlates of a validated questionnaire measure of predisposition to driver stress, the Driving Behaviour Inventory (DBI: Gulian, Matthews, Glendon, Davies & Debney, 1989a; Ergonomics, 32.585-602). The DBI measures a general factor of driver stress, plus five more specific dimensions. Study I (N = 159) found that general driver stress was positively
Gerald Matthews; Lisa Dorn; A. Ian Glendon
Developing Person-Centered IEPs.
This article outlines person centered planning (PCP) methods to assist in the review and revision of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for students with disabilities. Two methods of PCP are explained and illustrated with case studies. The article describes uses of PCP methods for IEPs and concludes by suggesting ways that PCP methods may…
Keyes, Maureen W.; Owens-Johnson, Laura
Toward Exercise as Personalized Medicine
The early 21st century has witnessed a steady push by scientists, industry leaders, and government officials to make medicine more personalized. To date, the concept of personalized medicine has referred largely to the field of pharmacogenomics. In contrast, relatively few data exist regarding the application of preventive strategies such as physical exercise in the context of personalized medicine. Within this review, we highlight the extant literature and propose five strategies for scientists that may propel the exercise and sports science fields toward this global goal. Notably, these approaches are in addition to methods to maintain adherence to training – a well-known factor in determining exercise responsiveness. Briefly, these strategies include (1) evaluating participant responses to training at the individual as well as group level; (2) identifying sources of variability in responsiveness to training; (3) optimizing exercise dosing strategies to maximize benefits while minimizing barriers to participation; (4) evaluating the efficacy of multimodal interventions for relevant population subgroups; and (5) increasing the clinical relevance of study populations and outcomes in exercise trials. We look forward to seeing these strategies considered in trials of preventive health interventions such as exercise. Extensive future research in this area is needed for the vision of exercise as a personalized form of medicine to become a reality.
Roberts, Michael D.; Church, Timothy S.
Drug repositioning for personalized medicine
Human diseases can be caused by complex mechanisms involving aberrations in numerous proteins and pathways. With recent advances in genomics, elucidating the molecular basis of disease on a personalized level has become an attainable goal. In many cases, relevant molecular targets will be identified for which approved drugs already exist, and the potential repositioning of these drugs to a new indication can be investigated. Repositioning is an accelerated route for drug discovery because existing drugs have established clinical and pharmacokinetic data. Personalized medicine and repositioning both aim to improve the productivity of current drug discovery pipelines, which expend enormous time and cost to develop new drugs, only to have them fail in clinical trials because of lack of efficacy or toxicity. Here, we discuss the current state of research in these two fields, focusing on recent large-scale efforts to systematically find repositioning candidates and elucidate individual disease mechanisms in cancer. We also discuss scenarios in which personalized drug repositioning could be particularly rewarding, such as for diseases that are rare or have specific mutations, as well as current challenges in this field. With an increasing number of drugs being approved for rare cancer subtypes, personalized medicine and repositioning approaches are poised to significantly alter the way we diagnose diseases, infer treatments and develop new drugs.
Putting Persons Back into Education
Both the language of performance management and the target-setting culture of our schools lead to a "depersonalisation" of education--a failure to respect young learners as persons. They become a "means" to some further non-educational "end". John Macmurray challenged this depersonalisation in terms not only of its impoverished educational…
Pring, Richard
Subcultural Influences on Person Perception
Cognition offers a natural setting for the intersection of the research interests of both sociologists and psychologists. The study of cultural influences on automatic processing highlights the shared interests of social psychologists from both disciplines. In particular, the examination of subcultural differences in person perception is a…
Friedman, Asia; Waggoner, Ashley S.
A Personalized Plan for Life
Personalized learning: Everyone knows it needs to happen, but how? It is one thing to believe in the importance of high school reform. It is quite another to embrace a system that helps every student leave high school with a diploma and plans for postsecondary education or training that lead to productive and self-sufficient adulthoods. This…
Dedmond, Rebecca M.
Careers for Persons with Disabilities.
Describes the "Replicating Jobs in Business and Industry for Persons with Disabilities" project at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The project identifies successful role models for disabled youth and employers who have made accommodations for disabled employees. Includes guidelines for advocates of the disabled. (CH)
Tindall, Lloyd W.; Gugerty, John J.
Borderline Personality and Externalized Aggression
Individuals with borderline personality disorder are diagnostically and clinically characterized by self-harm behavior, as indicated by the criterion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision, "recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior." However, individuals with borderline personality disorder can display externalized aggressive behavior, as well. In an area characterized by considerably less research, empirical evidence indicates that individuals with borderline personality disorder may exhibit physical violence toward partners, physical violence toward known but nonintimate individuals, criminal behaviors that embody externalized violence (e.g., property damage), and, on very rare occasion, murderous behavior (either of family members or anonymous others through serial killing). Given this under-researched area, there are probably other types of externalized aggressive behaviors that have not been empirically revealed. However, externalized aggressive behaviors in individuals with borderline personality disorder clearly exist and need to be assessed in both psychiatric and primary care settings in an effort to promote safety of medical personnel and effective patient management.
Sansone, Lori A.
Personality Assessment in Suicide Prediction.
Reviews the relevant research related to using the Rorschach, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in the assessment of suicidality. Uses a case illustration to show how a battery of psychological tests can be used to identify characteristics that make an individual vulnerable to suicidal…
Eyman, James R.; Eyman, Susanne Kohn
Arthur: A Personalized Instructional System.
Examined whether there was a significant difference in learner outcomes from the use of Arthur (Gilbert & Han, 1999), a computer-based adaptive instructional system that provides personalized instruction to each learner. Found that Arthur does provide a significant difference in learner outcomes. (EV)
Gilbert, Juan E.; Han, C. Y.
Planning and Managing Personal Finances.
This short course is designed to provide the student with specific techniques for developing a personal financial plan. The course outlines five 40-minute sessions, each including objectives, appropriate exercises, student worksheets, and transparency masters. Unit titles are: Getting Organized--What Records Are Needed; Setting Goals--From Dreams…
Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Instructional Materials Lab.
Personal Relationships and Digestive Disorders
... Help create more regularity in home life and time management. Avoiding disorganization, over-scheduling, or lack of planning will help the person with the condition feel more internally regulated and ... up at any time without warning. Understand that plans sometimes will need ...
On Grandiosity in Personality Psychology
Responds to the comments by A. Wood and S. Joseph (see record 2006-23492-015); S. R. Maddi (see record 2006-23492-016); and S. Epstein (see record 2006-23492-017) on the current author's original article (see record 2006-03947-002) "A New Big Five: Fundamental Principles for an Integrative Science of Personality" (McAdams & Pals, April 2006).…
McAdams, Dan P.
Personal Cloud Computing Security Framework
Cloud computing is an evolving term these days. It describes the advance of many existing IT technologies and separates application and information resources from the underlying infrastructure. Personal Cloud is the hybrid deployment model that is combined private cloud and public cloud. By and large, cloud orchestration does not exist today. Current cloud service is provided by web browser or
Sang-Ho Na; Jun-Young Park; Eui-nam Huh
Hyperactivity as a Personality Disorder.
While hyperactivity in children has been alternately viewed as a form of minimal brain dysfunction, as a behavior disorder, or as an attention deficit disorder, recent findings on hyperactive adolescents and adults suggest that hyperactivity can be better understood as a personality disorder. Striking similarities appear when characteristics of…
Waddell, Kathleen J.
Social personality trait and fitness
Several recent studies have explored various aspects of animal personality and their ecological consequences. However, the processes responsible for the maintenance of personality variability within a population are still largely unknown. We have recently demonstrated that social personality traits exist in the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara) and that the variation in sociability provides an explanation for variable dispersal responses within a given species. However, we need to know the fitness consequences of variation in sociability across environmental contexts in order to better understand the maintenance of such variation. In order to achieve this, we investigated the relationship between sociability and survival, body growth and fecundity, in one-year-old individuals in semi-natural populations with varying density. 'Asocial' and 'social' lizards displayed different fitness outcomes in populations of different densities. Asocial lizards survived better in low-density populations, while social females reproduced better. Spatiotemporal variation in environmental conditions might thus be the process underlying the maintenance of these personality traits within a population. Finally, we also discuss the position of sociability in a more general individual behavioural pattern including boldness, exploration and aggressiveness.
Cote, J; Dreiss, A; Clobert, J
Personal Computer Price and Performance.
Discusses personal computer price trends since 1986; describes offerings and prices for four direct-market suppliers, i.e., Dell CompuAdd, PC Brand, and Gateway 2000; and discusses overall value and price/performance ratios. Tables and graphs chart value over time. (EA)
Crawford, Walt
Personality, Sex, and Work Values.
The Vocational Preference Inventory (VPA) and the Ohio Work Values Inventory (OWVI) were administered to 115 undergraduates. A two-factor MANOVA was performed with personality types (VPI) and sex as independent variables and work values (OWVI) as dependent variables. The F-ratios for main effects were significant. (Author/SJL)
Hales, Loyde; Hartman, Timothy
Personality Characteristics of Black Adolescents
This research attempted to determine 1) the personality profiles of disadvantaged Black adolescents on Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and Gough's Adjective Checklist (ACL), 2) if this group differed significantly on the VPI from Blacks attending college, and 3) what implications for programming and planning could be determined…
Brown, Nina W.
Personality Characteristics of Black Adolescents.
Four hundred and forty-six poor black urban and rural adolescents ages 15-18 enrolled in a summer poverty-work program are administered Gough's Adjective Checklist (ACL) and Holland's Vocatonal Preference Inventory (VPI) to determine their personality profile, to ascertain differences between this gorup and blacks attending colleges, and to study…
Managing Personality and Behavior Changes
... than words. For example, say, "You seem worried." • Don't argue or try to reason with the person. • Try not to show your frustration or anger. If you get upset, take deep breaths and count to 10. If it's safe, leave the room ...
Eleven Interpretations of Personal Suffering.
This document defines suffering as the affective aspect of the pain experience while the cognitive aspect of the pain experience is the sensation of pain. It considers personal suffering, which mean's one's own suffering, and not the suffering of other people. It notes that a particular interpretation of suffering may be formulated in any number…
Foley, Daniel P.
Interoperability in Personalized Adaptive Learning
Personalized adaptive learning requires semantic-based and context-aware systems to manage the Web knowledge efficiently as well as to achieve semantic interoperability between heterogeneous information resources and services. The technological and conceptual differences can be bridged either by means of standards or via approaches based on the…
Aroyo, Lora; Dolog, Peter; Houben, Geert-Jan; Kravcik, Milos; Naeve, Ambjorn; Nilsson, Mikael; Wild, Fridolin
Cardiac Response and Personality Organization
This study examines the level and variability of cardiac response during complex problem-solving and interposed rest periods and their differing relationships to estimates of personality integration on the Rorschach. Findings suggest cardiac variability may be a more differentiated measure than level of cardiac response. (Author)
Blatt, Sidney J.; Feirstein, Alan
Studies of Astrology and Personality.
Reviews the behavioral evidence of the possible relationship between the movements of the planets and personality variables. Concludes that astrology is a science consisting primarily of false data claims and much further research is required before any supported conclusions can be reached. (Author)
Kelley, I.W.
Gun Concerns Personal for Duncan
As U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan works with other Obama administration officials on policy responses to the shootings at a Connecticut elementary school, he brings a personal and professional history that has acquainted him with the impact of gun violence. As schools chief in Chicago from 2001 to 2008, he was affected by the gun deaths…
McNeil, Michele
The dawn of personalized medicine
Long awaited data from the clinical investigation of bladder cancer in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings were released in 2011, setting the stage for the next generation of work in this area. The findings of a number of studies provide the first steps towards a personalized approach to this disease.
Flaig, Thomas W.; Theodorescu, Dan
Viewing Personal Data over Time
Desktop search applications are changing the way we interact with personal information: we have a choice of whether to view files within their traditional siloed hierarchies, or brought together in search results. In this position paper, we discuss the advantages of temporal ordering of desktop search results, and present an interface that aggregates search results over time. Author Keywords Desktop
Sonja Knoll; Aaron Hoff; Danyel Fisher; Susan Dumais; Ed Cutrell
Authoritarian Personalities, 1950-1973
American college graduates of the post Kent State era are compared with those of the post Hitler era as to authoritarian type personality. A short rating scale, which is included in the article, administered to graduates in 1950 was again administered to graduates of the same college in 1973. The 1973 group was less authoritarian than the 1950…
Whitten, Norman E.
Was Adam a Real Person?
Belief in the historicity of Adam has been held firmly throughout the history of the church. In the light of modern biblical criticism and the evolutionary sciences, some conservative Christians are now questioning whether or not Adam was a real person. This paper argues that the existence of Adam in the opening chapters of scripture reflects an…
Lamoureux, Denis O.
Personal Experiences and Professional Strategies
This article is based on empirical research carried out in Sweden during the years 2000 and 2004. The study concerns five music teachers who teach at upper secondary school and the main aim was to acquire an understanding of the teachers' views of the core subject Music. A further aim was to describe the five teachers' personal experiences of…
Georgii-Hemming, Eva
Supervisor Personality and Task Preference
The purpose of the study was to determine what relationships existed among the personality of instructional supervisors as reflected in a disbelief-belief system and measured by the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale and the tasks they performed and preferred to perform. (Editor)
Esposito, James
Turn the Tide: Personal Steps
This site features nine personal actions to protect the environment, complete with calculators that tally and track our individual and collective impact immediately, plus advocacy to move communities, businesses, and governments to change the way goods are produced and consumed. In order to use the calculators users must fill out a free registration.
Personal Factors in College Choice.
The nature and purpose of US colleges is explored within the framework of student development and its relationship to social change. Data were gathered during a 5-year study on the educational, vocational and personality development of 10,000 graduating high school seniors. A strong relationship was found between college entrance, level of ability…
Trent, James W.
Personal Identity: Moving beyond Essence
Education's ancient and profoundly important pursuit to "know thyself", is often realised through engaging with the question "who am I?" In order to the identify "who" in this search, it is argued in this paper that personal identity should be understood to be embedded in the purposes one has for one's life through "how" one relates, and is…
Webster, R. Scott
Circumspection, Preemption and Personal Constructs.
Compared grid measures of logically inconsistent construction and preemptive or reductionistic construction with scores from the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire. Logical inconsistency correlated with traits suggesting neuroticism. Preemption correlated with traits suggesting an incredulous approach to life, in agreement with the…
Chambers, William
Personalized treatment of uveal melanoma
Personalized treatment of uveal melanoma involves the tailoring of all aspects of care to the condition, needs, wishes, and fears of the patient, taking account of the individual's circumstances. When selecting between radiotherapy, surgical resection, and phototherapy, or when deciding how best to combine these different therapeutic modalities, it is necessary to understand the patients utilities, with respect to tumour control, visual conservation, and preservation of the eye, so as to prioritize outcomes accordingly. For example, such considerations would influence the width of the safety margins when administering radiotherapy, according to whether the patient considers it more important to conserve vision or to guarantee tumour control. With 'suspicious naevi', the choice between observation, immediate treatment, and biopsy is complicated by the lack of adequate survival data on which to base rational decisions, making it necessary for both patient and doctor to accept uncertainty. Personalized care should involve close relatives, as appropriate. It must also adapt to changes in the patient's needs over time. Such personalized care demands the ability to respond to such needs and the sensitivity to identify these requirements in the first place. Personalized treatment enhances not only the patient's satisfaction but also the 'job satisfaction' of all members of the multidisciplinary team, improving quality of care.
Damato, B; Heimann, H
Studies Probe Power of "Personalization"
While "personalization" has become a buzzword in education, it can be hard to determine what really makes a subject relevant to individual children in the classroom. An ongoing series of studies at Southern Methodist University suggests learning students' interests upfront and incorporating them into lessons can get struggling students to try…
Sparks, Sarah D.
Personality Correlates of Dream Recall
The study investigated the capacity of the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) to discriminate between those who frequently recall dreams and those who do not. The results are interpreted as indicating that the frequent recaller experiences less and the infrequent recaller experiences more intrapsychic conflict. (Author)
Hill, A. B.
Personal genomics services: whose genomes?
New companies offering personal whole-genome information services over the internet are dynamic and highly visible players in the personal genomics field. For fees currently ranging from US$399 to US$2500 and a vial of saliva, individuals can now purchase online access to their individual genetic information regarding susceptibility to a range of chronic diseases and phenotypic traits based on a genome-wide SNP scan. Most of the companies offering such services are based in the United States, but their clients may come from nearly anywhere in the world. Although the scientific validity, clinical utility and potential future implications of such services are being hotly debated, several ethical and regulatory questions related to direct-to-consumer (DTC) marketing strategies of genetic tests have not yet received sufficient attention. For example, how can we minimize the risk of unauthorized third parties from submitting other people's DNA for testing? Another pressing question concerns the ownership of (genotypic and phenotypic) information, as well as the unclear legal status of customers regarding their own personal information. Current legislation in the US and Europe falls short of providing clear answers to these questions. Until the regulation of personal genomics services catches up with the technology, we call upon commercial providers to self-regulate and coordinate their activities to minimize potential risks to individual privacy. We also point out some specific steps, along the trustee model, that providers of DTC personal genomics services as well as regulators and policy makers could consider for addressing some of the concerns raised below.
Gurwitz, David; Bregman-Eschet, Yael
Personality Disorders and Dimensions in Pathological Gambling.
Comorbid DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders appear to be common in pathological gambling (PG) and may contribute to the chronic problems often associated with the disorder. This study sought to examine the relationship between PG, personality disorders, and impulsivity in a sample of pathological gamblers. Personality assessments included the SCID-II, Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire, Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. A total of 77 individuals with DSM-IV PG were included in this study, of which 35 (45.5%) met criteria for at least one personality disorder. Specific aspects of impulsivity were associated with certain personality disorders in PG when grouped by cluster, yet the presence of a personality disorder was not positively correlated with gambling severity. It remains unclear how the presence of a personality disorder and aspects of impulsivity may affect treatment outcome. Further exploration of these disorders and dimensions of personality may encourage a more inclusively global treatment approach. PMID:22494174
Odlaug, Brian L; Schreiber, Liana R N; Grant, Jon E
Personality disorders and dimensions in pathological gambling.
Comorbid DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders appear to be common in pathological gambling (PG) and may contribute to the chronic problems often associated with the disorder. This study sought to examine the relationship between PG, personality disorders, and impulsivity in a sample of pathological gamblers. Personality assessments included the SCID-II, Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire, Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. A total of 77 individuals with DSM-IV PG were included in this study, of which 35 (45.5%) met criteria for at least one personality disorder. Specific aspects of impulsivity were associated with certain personality disorders in PG when grouped by cluster, yet the presence of a personality disorder was not positively correlated with gambling severity. It remains unclear how the presence of a personality disorder and aspects of impulsivity may affect treatment outcome. Further exploration of these disorders and dimensions of personality may encourage a more inclusively global treatment approach. PMID:22686226
Family physicians' perspectives on personal health records
Abstract Objective To explore FPs' perspectives on the value of personal health records (PHRs) in primary care and the implementation and adoption of PHRs in Canada. Design A qualitative design using semistructured interviews. Setting Southwestern Ontario. Participants Ten FPs. Methods The 10 FPs participated in semistructured interviews, which were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. An iterative approach using immersion and crystallization was employed for analysis. Main findings Participants were generally positive about PHRs, and were attracted to their portability and potential to engage patients in health care. Their concerns focused on 3 main themes: data management, practice management, and the patient-physician relationship. Subthemes included security, privacy, reliability of data, workload, remuneration, physician obligations, patient misinterpretation of medical information, and electronic communication displacing face-to-face visits. Participants identified 3 key facilitators for adoption of PHR systems: integration with existing electronic health record systems, ease of use without being a burden on either time or money, and offering a demonstrated added value to family practice. Conclusion This study replicates previously published literature about FP concerns and opinions, and it further identifies remuneration as a potential barrier in Canadian fee-for-service payment models. Participants identified 3 key facilitators, which were suggested for implementation and adoption of PHRs, providing a basis for future research and development of these systems for use in Canadian family practice.
Yau, Gary L.; Williams, Andrew S.; Brown, Judith Belle
Testing Vocational Interests and Personality as Predictors of Person-Vocation and Person-Job Fit
The fit between individuals and their work environments has received decades of theoretical and empirical attention. This study investigated two antecedents to individuals' perceptions of fit: vocational interests and personality. More specifically, the authors hypothesized that vocational interests assessed in terms of the Career Occupational…
Ehrhart, Karen Holcombe; Makransky, Guido
Probable Person-to-Person Transmission of Avian Influenza A (H5N1)
background During 2004, a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus caused poultry dis- ease in eight Asian countries and infected at least 44 persons, killing 32; most of these persons had had close contact with poultry. No evidence of efficient person-to-person transmission has yet been reported. We investigated possible person-to-person trans- mission in a family cluster of the disease
Kumnuan Ungchusak; Prasert Auewarakul; Scott F. Dowell; Rungrueng Kitphati; Wattana Auwanit; Pilaipan Puthavathana; Mongkol Uiprasertkul; Kobporn Boonnak; Chakrarat Pittayawonganon; Nancy J. Cox; Sherif R. Zaki; Pranee Thawatsupha; Malinee Chittaganpitch; Rotjana Khontong; James M. Simmerman; Supamit Chunsutthiwat
Mediation and the Electronic World.
Three articles discuss the issue of the mediator's role in the library of the electronic age. Topics addressed include computer-assisted instruction; online catalogs; computer networks; professional identity; reference service and bibliographic instruction; CD-ROMs; online systems; personal home microcomputers; Internet and list servers;…
Swan, John; And Others
PNRS: personalized news retrieval system
Personal News Retrieval System is a client-server application that delivers news segments on demand in a variety of information networks. At the server side, the news stories are segmented out from the digitized TV broadcast then classified and filtered based on consumers' preferences. At the client side, the user can access the preferred video news through the Web and watch stored video news in preferred order. Browsing preferences can be set based on anchorperson, broadcaster, category, location, top- stories and keywords. This system can be used to set up a news service run by content providers or independent media distribution companies. However, in the news era of enhanced PC/TV appliances, it is foreseeable that the whole system can run in the living room on a personal device. This paper describes the chosen server architecture, limitation of the system and solutions that can be implemented in the future.
Dimitrova, Nevenka; Elenbaas, Herman; McGee, Thomas
Personalized Demand Responsive Transit Systems
An aging population in the US, low-density urban sprawl and the accessibility needs of certain groups (particularly disabled and aged) increasingly point to more flexible demand-responsive transit systems in the future. This paper describes the important aspects of a consumer-oriented Personalized Demand Responsive Transit (PDRT) service. The system will provide services to the traveling public for journeys to work and
Y. B. Yim; Asad J. Khattak
The Roma personal metadata service
People now have available to them a diversity of digi- tal storage devices, including palmtops, cell phone address books, laptops, desktop computers and web-based services. Unfortunately, as the number of personal data repositories increases, so does the management problem of ensuring that the most up-to-date version of any document is available to the user on the storage device he is
Edward Swierk; Emre Kiciman; Vince Laviano; Mary Baker
Keeping the Person with Alzheimer's Disease Safe
... things you need to know about driving and memory loss: A person with some memory loss may be able to drive safely sometimes. ... that the person can drive. Some people with memory problems decide on their own not to drive. ...
Personal Care Attendants: Key to Living Independently.
The article reviews needed qualities, problems, and sources of satisfaction for personal care attendants, paid employees who provide inhome physical assistance with activities of daily living to help severely disabled persons live more independently. (CL)
Smith, Nancy K.; Meyer, Ann B.
46 CFR 169.821 - Patrol person.
...2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Patrol person. 169.821 Section 169.821 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...NAUTICAL SCHOOLS SAILING SCHOOL VESSELS Operations § 169.821 Patrol person. (a) The master...
31 CFR 539.310 - Person.
... Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION TRADE CONTROL REGULATIONS General Definitions § 539.310 Person. The term person means...
Relational consequences of personal goal pursuits.
Individuals balance tasks necessary to fulfill personal goals and to maintain their interpersonal relationships. In the current studies, we examined the impact of personal goal pursuits on how individuals process and respond to events in their romantic relationships. In 5 experiments, we examined consequences of motivationally active personal goals for relationships. Results indicated that when individuals focused on pursuing a personal goal, they processed relationship information in an evaluatively polarized (Study 1), one-sided (Study 2) fashion. Relative to those deliberating about a personal goal, those focused on a personal goal reported less willingness to engage in some kinds of pro-relationship behaviors (Study 3) and were more likely to forego an opportunity to improve their relationship (Study 4). We attribute this pattern of findings to processing that shielded the personal goal from goal-irrelevant influence (Study 5). These findings provide a greater understanding of how pursuing a personal goal can undermine relationships. PMID:24841097
VanderDrift, Laura E; Agnew, Christopher R
Personal Finance and Communication: A Natural Duo.
Describes a personal finance course which uses special assignments designed to improve oral and written communication skills. Discusses assignments such as journal writing, letter writing, discussions with guest speakers, researching major household purchases, and managing a personal investment portfolio. (RS)
Harmon, Gary P.
Regional Accounts Data: Local Area Personal Income
The Regional Economic Information System (REIS), from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (formerly offered by Oregon State University's Government Information Sharing Project), presents estimates of personal income and per capita personal income. This update includes figures from 1995.
Character and Personality Profiles in the Classroom
Suggests that character and personality profiles can heighten student interest in history. Provides an outline for writing a report on an historical personality and recommends activities which involve students in simulation and creative writing. (Author/DB)
Dabrowski, Walter G.
Workers' Central Life Interests and Personality Characteristics.
The central life interests (CLI) of male and female industrial workers were related to their self-described personality characteristics. Workers who have a CLI in work have personality characteristics that accord with general expectations about what kinds...
R. Dubin J. E. Champoux
Personality Profiles of Physically Impaired Young Adults.
Different forms of chronic observable disability may have differing impacts on adult personality adjustment. Young adults with cleft lip/palate display fewer personality adjustment problems than those with orthopedic impairment. (Author)
Richman, Lynn C.; Harper, Dennis C.
Personal Constructs in Career Counseling and Development.
Explains Kelly's (1955) Personal Construct Theory and illustrates the uses of two techniques for using personal constructs in career assessment: the Role Construct Repertory Test and the laddering technique. (SK)
Neimeyer, Greg J.
Personality as continuous stochastic process: what Western personality theory can learn from classical confucianism.
An important objective of personality psychology is to provide compelling descriptions and explanations of intraindividual personality dynamics that capture the unique qualities of persons. Among contemporary Western personality theories, the Five-Factor Model enjoys prominence in describing individual differences in personality traits. It falls short, however, in its ability to work with intraindividual personality function. This article argues that classical Confucianism, originating 2500 years ago in mainland China, offers Western personality psychologists important theoretical resources for capturing the complex and dynamic processes inherent in human personality. The Confucian perspective emphasizes a behaviorally anchored, continuous, stochastic, process-oriented understanding of the self as relationally constructed and proposes an elegant description of the relational virtuosity of exemplary persons. The article concludes with five characteristics of a Confucian inspired model of personality and questions the viability of a universal theory of personality. PMID:24101234
Giordano, Peter J
Personal neutron dosimetry in the space station MIR and the space shuttle
A passive neutron dosemeter based on nuclear track detectors and TLD's was used in 1995 and 1997 on the MIR station and in Space Shuttle flights to MIR. As it is equipped with neutron converters and shieldings of different types the track detector system allows the neutron dose equivalent to be determined in rough energy intervals. The results of the
M. Luszik-Bhadra; M. Matzke; T. Otto; G. Reitz; H. Schuhmacher
Personalized medicine: new genomics, old lessons
Personalized medicine uses traditional, as well as emerging concepts of the genetic and environmental basis of disease to\\u000a individualize prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Personalized genomics plays a vital, but not exclusive role in this evolving\\u000a model of personalized medicine. The distinctions between genetic and genomic medicine are more quantitative than qualitative.\\u000a Personalized genomics builds on principles established by the integration
Kenneth Offit
Personal healthcare system using cloud computing.
A personal healthcare system used with cloud computing has been developed. It enables a daily time-series of personal health and lifestyle data to be stored in the cloud through mobile devices. The cloud automatically extracts personally useful information, such as rules and patterns concerning lifestyle and health conditions embedded in the personal big data, by using a data mining technology. The system provides three editions (Diet, Lite, and Pro) corresponding to users' needs. PMID:23920710
Takeuchi, Hiroshi; Mayuzumi, Yuuki; Kodama, Naoki; Sato, Keiichi
Using Internet Services for Personal Information Management
\\u000a The popularity and improvement in features provided by various Internet services are leading us to a situation where personal\\u000a information items can be stored and managed online. Personal Information Management (PIM) refers to a set of activities a\\u000a person performs in order to acquire or create, store, organize, maintain, retrieve, use and distribute personal information\\u000a for different purposes, including preserving
Shaheen Majid; Myint Malar San; Saw Tin Naung Tun; Thu Zar
Indigenous Personality MeasuresChinese Examples
This article reviews the Chinese historical context of personality testing. Issues of interpretation and methodology related to initial adaptations of English-language personality tests are discussed. The deficiencies of the imposed-etic approach are addressed by the recent development of indigenous personality measures. Three large-scale indigenous personality inventories developed for the Chinese people are introduced and evaluated: Ko's Mental Health Questionnaire, Multi-Trait
Fanny M. Cheung; Kwok Leung
Workplace consequences of electronic exhibitionism and voyeurism
The popularity of email, blogging and social networking raises important issues for employers, employees and labor unions. This article will explore contemporary workplace issues resulting from the related social phenomena of electronic exhibitionism and voyeurism. It will begin with a discussion of the international social phenomenon of individuals electronically distributing their personal thoughts, opinions, and activities to a potential worldwide
William A. Herbert
Individual differences and electronic monitoring at work
Individual differences such as personality and demographic factors have effects on how people react to Electronic Performance Monitoring (EPM), yet the literature on this aspect of electronic monitoring has been scattered. The present paper summarizes this body of empirical research and presents a framework for organizing current research findings based on two dimensions: the probability of successful work under the
Jengchung V. Chen; William H. Ross
Residential, personal, indoor, and outdoor sampling of particulate matter was conducted at a retirement center in the Towson area of northern Baltimore County in 1998. Concurrent sampling was conducted at a central community site. Computer-controlled scanning electron microsco...
Personal Fables, Narcissism, and Adolescent Adjustment
The relationship among three personal fables ("omnipotence," "invulnerability," "personal uniqueness"), narcissism, and mental health variables was assessed in a large, cross-sectional sample of adolescents drawn from Grades 6 (n = 94), 8 (n = 223), 10 (n = 142), and 12 (n = 102). Participants responded to the New Personal Fable Scale, the…
Aalsma, Matthew C.; Lapsley, Daniel K.; Flannery, Daniel J.
The distinctive moral personality of care exemplars
Research examining the characterization of moral excellence has been conducted almost exclusively at the variable level of analysis. Such an approach precludes a consideration of personality composition and, as a result, does not provide a complete understanding of moral exemplarity. In the current project, a person-level analysis was adopted to assess the viability of a personality configuration distinctive of care-based
William L. Dunlop; Lawrence J. Walker; M. Kyle Matsuba
Genetics of personality: are we making progress?
For centuries, scientists are intrigued by the differences in personality between individuals. As early as in the ancient Greek civilization, people tried to formulate theories to systematize this diversity. With the increased interest in behavior genetics, personality was also considered a challenging phenotype. From the early start, studies suggested a heritable component in personality. After the successes of molecular genetic
S Van Gestel; C Van Broeckhoven
Reconciling Divergent Views of Personal Autonomy.
Personal autonomy is a fundamental ideal in American culture. When the autonomy of a person with reduced capacity is restricted or limited by law and a guardian is appointed, the issue becomes critical to our understanding of social justice. Preservation of autonomy remains a core social value even while the legal system moves to erode personal…
Stalling, Janice E.; And Others
teachers' changes in personal teaching efficacy
Personal teaching efficacy is associated with a teacher's effectiveness in the classroom. To enhance this efficacy in a computer-simulated training program, both personal traits and guided practices need to be considered concurrently. In this study, it was hypothesised that the interactive effects from the coupling of personal traits with guided practices would be a reliable predictor of the degree of
Yu-Chu Yeh
Personal Finance in America's Schools Today.
Highlights from a survey of educational practices of personal finance teachers and resource materials for emerging topics are provided. Of the 6,100 secondary teachers in the United States and Canada who received questionnaires, 1,400 responded. With over 30 states having personal finance or consumer economics guidelines, personal finance courses…
Teaching Topics, 1983
Improve engineering productivity with personal computers
This paper examines the personal computer as a tool for improving productivity in electrical and mechanical engineering applications. Accuracy of personal computers is analyzed and examples are shown which support the author's belief that the personal computer has the potential for engineering productivity increases an order of magnitude greater than that achieved when going from the slide rule to the hand-held calculator.
Teas, P.A.
Testing: A Person-Centered Perspective.
Person-centered counseling and psychotherapy has historic reservations about testing. This article acknowledges these reservations while pointing out ways in which the person-centered therapist may use tests without violating the integrity of the person-centered relationship. (Author/SR)
Boy, Angelo; Pine, Gerald
20 CFR 416.557 - Personal conference.
... 2013-04-01 false Personal conference. 416.557 Section 416.557 ...Underpayments § 416.557 Personal conference. (a) If waiver cannot be approved...place of the file review and personal conference; the procedure for reviewing the...
Church Membership and Personality: A Longitudinal Study
New Zealand samples of church members and non church members were compared with U.S. samples. Personality assessment was obtained through use of the Sixteen Personality Factor questionnaire. Church members were consistently different on several personality dimensions. Tendermindedness, super ego strength, dominance and conservativism were…
Barton, Keith; Vaughan, G. M.
A vectorial semantics approach to personality assessment.
Personality assessment and, specifically, the assessment of personality disorders have traditionally been indifferent to computational models. Computational personality is a new field that involves the automatic classification of individuals' personality traits that can be compared against gold-standard labels. In this context, we introduce a new vectorial semantics approach to personality assessment, which involves the construction of vectors representing personality dimensions and disorders, and the automatic measurements of the similarity between these vectors and texts written by human subjects. We evaluated our approach by using a corpus of 2468 essays written by students who were also assessed through the five-factor personality model. To validate our approach, we measured the similarity between the essays and the personality vectors to produce personality disorder scores. These scores and their correspondence with the subjects' classification of the five personality factors reproduce patterns well-documented in the psychological literature. In addition, we show that, based on the personality vectors, we can predict each of the five personality factors with high accuracy. PMID:24755833
Neuman, Yair; Cohen, Yochai
Context Aware Personal Agent for Spiritual Exploration
This paper describes a personal agent to assist users in dealing with personal and psycho-spiritual issues. As Internet-based applications move beyond simple information presentation and social networking, the use of agent technology to create a personal, customized, and comforting presence becomes possible. This ability derives from an agent implementation that can offer thousands of years of spiritual and psychological wisdom
Michael R. Neal; d'Armond L. Speers
Burnout and Personality: Evidence from Academia
Using multiple theoretical perspectives (stress, conservation of resources, and deviance), we investigated the relationship between burnout and personality. Burnout is measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishments), and personality is captured with the Mini-Marker Inventory…
Ghorpade, Jai; Lackritz, Jim; Singh, Gangaram
A Vectorial Semantics Approach to Personality Assessment
Personality assessment and, specifically, the assessment of personality disorders have traditionally been indifferent to computational models. Computational personality is a new field that involves the automatic classification of individuals' personality traits that can be compared against gold-standard labels. In this context, we introduce a new vectorial semantics approach to personality assessment, which involves the construction of vectors representing personality dimensions and disorders, and the automatic measurements of the similarity between these vectors and texts written by human subjects. We evaluated our approach by using a corpus of 2468 essays written by students who were also assessed through the five-factor personality model. To validate our approach, we measured the similarity between the essays and the personality vectors to produce personality disorder scores. These scores and their correspondence with the subjects' classification of the five personality factors reproduce patterns well-documented in the psychological literature. In addition, we show that, based on the personality vectors, we can predict each of the five personality factors with high accuracy.
The Borderline Personality--An Adlerian Overview.
The person with a borderline personality is considered to be neither neurotic nor psychotic, but to exist somewhere in between these two diagnostic categories. Psychoanalytic theorists who have researched the phenomenon of the borderline personality have shifted their emphasis away from Freud's instinct psychology and toward an ego psychology…
Rattner, Leo
Alienation, Dogmatism, and Related Personality Characteristics.
Examined the relationship between alienation and dogmatism, as measured by shared personality characteristics. Scores from the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale, the Keniston Alienation Scale, the California Test of Personality, and the Omnibus Personality Inventory were obtained for 92 college freshmen. Alienation and dogmatism were positively related…
Sexton, Miriam E.
Development of Attributes of Personal Identity.
Children in grades 1, 3, and 6 were asked to make judgments of their personal identity after three hypothetical transformations: self-other, personal continuity-past, and personal continuity-future. Repsonses were rated on an internal/external dimension. (Author/SS)
Mohr, Don M.
Employers' Perspectives of Employees' Personal Financial Literacy
The objective of this study was to determine employers' perspectives of employees' personal financial literacy. Executives rated credit card use and budgeting as the most important personal financial literacy skills that employees should have. They stated that strong personal financial literacy skills allow an employee to focus on work activity…
Davis, Rita; Carnes, Lana
Resource Guide for Persons with Vision Impairments.
The resource guide identifies products which assist visually impaired individuals in accessing IBM (International Business Machine) Personal Computers or the IBM Personal System/2 family of products. An introduction provides a general overview of ways computers can help persons with visual handicaps. The document then provides descriptions of…
IBM, Atlanta, GA. National Support Center for Persons with Disabilities.
Personality differences and group versus individual brainstorming
This study examined the effects of personality (psychoticism) and nominal vs real groups using brainstorming techniques in problem solving. Subjects either brainstormed three problems on their own, in pairs or in four person groups consisting of similar personality scores. There were six dependent measures: total number of non-redundant ideas; number of 'superior' responses; a rating on the quality of the
Adrian Furnham; Tanya Yazdanpanahi
SOC CMOS technology for personal Internet products
Worldwide demand for Personal Internet Products is increasing rapidly, and will shape the directions of CMOS technology in the years ahead. Personal Internet Products are loosely defined in this paper as communication, computing and consumer products, which are enabled by the Internet: cell phones, PDAs, WLANs, Internet audio\\/video, ADSL, cable modems etc. Personal Internet Products are based on Digital Signal
Dennis Buss; Brian L. Evans; Jeff Bellay; William Krenik; Baher Haroun; Dirk Leipold; Ken Maggio; Jau-Yuann Yang; Ted Moise
Personality Assessment Use by Clinical Neuropsychologists
The present study is an exploration of the personality assessment practices of clinical neuropsychologists. Professional members of the National Academy of Neuropsychology and the International Neuropsychological Society (N = 404) were surveyed to examine use of several forms of personality, behavior, and emotional function measures. Results suggest that like prior surveys personality assessment is relatively uncommon in neuropsychological practice. Of
Steven R. Smith; Tad T. Gorske; Chauntel Wiggins; Jessica A. Little
Family Study of Schizophrenia and Personality
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the abnormal characteristics observed in relatives of schizophrenics represent variations in normal personality. Relatives (N = 340) of patients with schizophrenia, affective disorder, and medical or surgical conditions were personally interviewed about psychiatric symptoms and completed the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Relatives who were themselves ill had elevated scores on some scales.
Sheri A. Berenbaum; Michael Alan Taylor; C. Robert Cloninger
Controlling and Disclosing your Personal Information
As organizations come to rely on the collection and use of personal information in order to complete the transactions and providing good services to their users, more and more user personal information is being shared with web service providers leading to the need to protect the privacy. Personal information is processed, stored and disclosed and often it generated in the
Internetworking satellite and local exchange networks for personal communications applications
The demand for personal communications services has shown unprecedented growth, and the next decade and beyond promise an era in which the needs for ubiquitous, transparent and personalized access to information will continue to expand in both scale and scope. The exchange of personalized information is growing from two-way voice to include data communications, electronic messaging and information services, image transfer, video, and interactive multimedia. The emergence of new land-based and satellite-based wireless networks illustrates the expanding scale and trend toward globalization and the need to establish new local exchange and exchange access services to meet the communications needs of people on the move. An important issue is to identify the roles that satellite networking can play in meeting these new communications needs. The unique capabilities of satellites, in providing coverage to large geographic areas, reaching widely dispersed users, for position location determination, and in offering broadcast and multicast services, can complement and extend the capabilities of terrestrial networks. As an initial step in exploring the opportunities afforded by the merger of satellite-based and land-based networks, several experiments utilizing the NASA ACTS satellite and the public switched local exchange network were undertaken to demonstrate the use of satellites in the delivery of personal communications services.
Wolff, Richard S.; Pinck, Deborah
48 CFR 1503.101-370 - Personal conflicts of interest.
... Personal conflicts of interest. 1503.101-370...ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GENERAL IMPROPER BUSINESS PRACTICES...PERSONAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Safeguards 1503... Personal conflicts of interest. (a) Each...
31 CFR 31.212 - Personal conflicts of interest.
...individuals have no personal conflicts of...writing about their personal, business, and financial relationships...acquisition, valuation, management, or disposition...key individuals with personal conflicts of...
Relationships of the Big Five Personality Domains and Facets to Dimensions of the Healthy Personality
This study was designed to compare a new inventory measuring concepts of the "healthy personality" with the most widely used inventory of the Big Five personality traits, the NEO personality inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R). Using adjectives as the stimulus materials, Borgen and Betz (2008) developed a 17-scale inventory called the Healthy personality…
Betz, Nancy E.; Borgen, Fred H.
Person-to-Person Communication in an Applied Research/Service Delivery Setting.
Data from national survey of researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in rural mental health services were used to conduct sociometric analysis of person-to-person communication. Structure of person-to-person communication network in terms of its connectedness, centrality, homogeneity, and differentiation is described, and strategies for…
Salasin, John; Cedar, Toby
Technologies for HR-managers: typology for person's economic behavior, applications and mechanism design
The book is the first completer description of the typology for person's economic behavior (the author – Anatoly A. Shiyan). The problem on description of personal behavior has a crucial role for the development of mechanisms design for personnel management, because by elaborated technologies the behavior of a person or large groups of people can be predicted. The material of
Anatoliy A. Shiyan
Personal narrative as a teaching tool.
Recovery-oriented service systems explicitly value including people with lived experiences of a mental and substance use diagnosis in the design, delivery, and evaluation of those services. Including first-person accounts as part of the education and training of service providers "demonstrates" recovery is possible, promotes empathy, offers insights into the lives of service users, and models a person-centered, person-first approach. More important, it serves as a visual and experiential example of the collegial relationships required for services that are truly recovery-oriented. This column provides recommendations for carefully planning in-person personal narratives as an effective teaching tool. PMID:24320839
Legere, Lyn; Nemec, Patricia B; Swarbrick, Margaret
Neuroimaging in borderline personality disorder
Neuroimaging has become one of the most important methods in the investigation of the neurobiological underpinnings of borderline personality disorder. Structural and functional imaging studies have revealed dysfunction in different brain regions which seem to contribute to borderline symptomatology. This review presents relevant studies using different methodologies: volumetry of limbic and prefrontal regions, investigations of brain metabolism under resting conditions, studies of serotonergic neurotransmission, and challenge studies using emotional, stressful, and sensory stimuli. Dysfunction in a frontolimbic network is suggested to mediate much, if not all of the borderline symptomatology.
Schmahl, Christian; Bremner, J. Douglas
Superabsorbents in Personal Care Industry
Water swellable hydrogels, often called Superabsorbent Polymers, are used as a major component in many absorbent products such as baby diapers. The superabsorbents used in personal care industry are typically lightly crosslinked sodium polyacrylate polymers. The current annual worldwide production of the material is close to one million metric tons. These hydrogels can absorb water more than 100 times of their own weight. The absorbed liquid is tightly held inside the superabsorbent materials even against pressure. The balance of many different properties will be discussed.
Li, Yong
Gill hematoxylins: first person account.
This is a personal and practical account of Gill hematoxylin, how it came to be, its composition, illustrations of its appearance in solution with subsequent additions of hematoxylin, oxidizing agent, mordant, a tabular history of relevant contributions, identification of the surface precipitate that forms on concentrated hematoxylin formulations (e.g., Harris), the role of acetic acid, the difference between progressive and regressive staining, differentiation, bluing, quality assurance using buccal smears, and troubleshooting. As a de facto case study, the information can be extrapolated to all other extant hematoxylin formulations and to a comprehensive approach to the implementation of all stains. PMID:19657780
Gill, G W
Clinical Pharmacology in Old Persons
The epidemiological transition, with a rapid increase in the proportion in the global population aged over 65 years from 11% in 2010 to 22% in 2050 and 32% in 2100, represents a challenge for public health. More and more old persons have multimorbidities and are treated with a large number of medicines. In advanced age, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of many drugs are altered. In addition, pharmacotherapy may be complicated by difficulties with obtaining drugs or adherence and persistence with drug regimens. Safe and effective pharmacotherapy remains one of the greatest challenges in geriatric medicine. In this paper, the main principles of geriatric pharmacology are presented.
Jansen, Paul A. F.; Brouwers, Jacobus R. B. J.
Evaluating your personal management style.
Every medical group manager develops his own managerial leadership style. This style is based on personal background and education, an individual conception of what management and leadership are, and analysis and application of management theory. The author identifies many responsibilities that an administrator must assume to effectively manage--responsibilities which are closely tied to employee motivation. Motivational theories are discussed, as well as the application of techniques based on principles. The author has also distilled what he considers to be the essential qualities of a successful management style. PMID:10261817
Anderson, D H
Individualism-collectivism and personality.
This paper provides a review of the main findings concerning the relationship between the cultural syndromes of individualism and collectivism and personality. People in collectivist cultures, compared to people in individualist cultures, are likely to define themselves as aspects of groups, to give priority to in-group goals, to focus on context more than the content in making attributions and in communicating, to pay less attention to internal than to external processes as determinants of social behavior, to define most relationships with ingroup members as communal, to make more situational attributions, and tend to be self-effacing. PMID:11767823
Triandis, H C
[Behavior, personality and cardiovascular diseases].
An epidemiologic study of 1019 males, aged 45 to 59, included clinical and psychologic assessment, using Jenkins' questionnaire (JAS) and Freiburg personality identification questionnaire (FPI). Myocardial infarction survivors differed significantly from normal individuals by a number of psychological scores, such as depression, psychosomatic disturbances, anxiety, emotional lability. Anginal patients typically featured impulsiveness, psychosomatic disturbances, depression, anxiety, reserve, emotional lability. The examination of behavior determinants of arterial blood pressure in adolescents, based on cluster analysis, identified 3 groups of individuals with different behavioral syndromes. The clinical implication of these psychologic clusters was essential intercluster differences in terms of systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure. PMID:3379879
Heine, H; Weiss, M
Electron cooling
The brief review of the most significant and interesting achievements in electron cooling method, which took place during last two years, is presented. The description of the electron cooling facilities—storage rings and traps being in operation or under development—is given. The applications of the electron cooling method are considered. The following modern fields of the method development are discussed: crystalline beam formation, expansion into middle and high energy electron cooling (the Fermilab Recycler Electron Cooler, the BNL cooler—recuperator, cooling with circulating electron beam, the GSI project), electron cooling in traps, antihydrogen generation, electron cooling of positrons (the LEPTA project).
Meshkov, I.; Sidorin, A.
Exploring the interface of neurobehaviorally linked personality dimensions and personality organization in borderline personality disorder: the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire and Inventory of Personality Organization.
Advances in our understanding of complex psychopathology will likely benefit from approaches to mind, brain, and behavior that seek to (a) specify those general neurobehavioral processes underpinning pathology and (b) bridge to other process-based models of psychopathology at different levels of analysis. Well-defined neurobehavioral processes (e.g., positive emotionality, negative emotionality, nonaffective constraint, fear, affiliation) and their phenotypic indicators are firmly rooted in neural substrates (Depue & Lenzenweger, 2005). Furthermore, long-studied psychodynamic psychological processes, such as identity diffusion, primitive psychological defensive functioning, and reality-testing dimensions, are important to understanding personality pathology (Kernberg & Caligor, 2005). Both theoretical perspectives view the cardinal processes involved in the determination of personality disorders (PDs) as relevant across existing PD diagnostic entities. The authors examined relationships between psychometric indicators of these two sets of processes, the neurobehavioral and the psychodynamic, in a well-characterized sample of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD; N = 92). In bridging these two levels of analysis, the authors found that the alienation, aggression, and absorption constructs represent important linkages to the psychodynamic processes, especially primitive psychological defenses and reality-testing impairments. These results are discussed in terms of their potential for joining these two domains of analysis--a neurobehaviorally informed view of personality and the psychodynamic--in efforts to (a) foster a process-oriented approach, (b) resolve heterogeneity, and (c) facilitate identification of endophenotypes in BPD. The heuristic value of this approach for understanding other forms of psychopathology is also discussed. PMID:23281675
Lenzenweger, Mark F; McClough, Joel F; Clarkin, John F; Kernberg, Otto F
Electronic Jewelry
Brightly banded resisters, condensers, diodes and transistors as well as printed circuit boards were used with the objective of discovering their potential in creating objects for personal adornment. (RB)
Ward, Vesta
An Overview of Electronic Passport Security Features
Electronic passports include contactless chip which stores personal data of the passport holder, information about the passport and the issuing institution. In its simplest form an electronic passport contains just a collection of read-only files, more advanced variants can include sophisticated cryptographic mechanisms protecting security of the document and / or privacy of the passport holder. This paper describes security features of electronic passports and discusses their efficiency.
?íha, Zden?k
Electronic Circuit Theory
This site has 13 interactive animated lessons about electronic circuit theory, it is self-paced. It provides great information to provide students further information in theory. The following topics are covered: Ohm's Law, power & energy, Kirchoff's Laws, resistors in series, resistors in parallel, node analysis, mesh analysis, superposition, thevenin & norton, diodes, transistors, capacitors, inductors. Overall, the website provides a nice overview of a plethora of topics. The lessons are well done, using extensive Flash programming, and allows the user go at their own personal pace.
The employment of elderly persons*
Not every old person is fit for employment, and consequently employment agencies must reserve the right of selection. Retirement at the customary age with, if desired, re-employment for defined periods seems to offer the best method of employing old people, avoiding damaging loss of dignity and the blocking of promotion of younger people. Under suitable conditions, old persons are capable of a high level of employment. The possibilities of employment, however, vary very much with different types of industries and industrial regions. The elderly usually have a higher sickness absenteeism than young people, but have fewer absences for other reasons than sickness. Elderly workers seem to be able to carry out manual labour with efficiency if they are put into jobs without time-stress. If retraining is necessary, the utmost possible use should be made of already established skills. Heavy work does not seem to be necessarily harmful for old people. Little knowledge is yet available on the health problems of professional workers or executives at increasing age. Lack of decisiveness, failure of critical judgement, and increasing irritability—resulting from difficulty in organizing new information—will call for transfer to less responsible positions. Many more studies of old age are needed before the circumstances under which they may best be employed in present-day industry can be determined. Full employment and the need for production make this problem still more urgent.
Davies, T. A. Lloyd
Values in Persons With Schizophrenia
This is an explorative study on the values of persons with schizophrenia based on transcripts of individual therapy sessions conducted for 40 persons with chart diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizotypal disorder. Values are action-guiding attitudes that subject human activities to be worthy of praise or blame. The schizophrenic value system conveys an overall crisis of common sense. The outcome of this has been designated as antagonomia and idionomia. Antagonomia reflects the choice to take an eccentric stand in the face of commonly shared assumptions and the here and now "other." Idionomia reflects the feeling of the radical uniqueness and exceptionality of one's being with respect to common sense and the other human beings. This sentiment of radical exceptionality is felt as a "gift," often in view of an eschatological mission or a vocation to a superior, novel, metaphysical understanding of the world. The aim of this study is neither establishing new diagnostic criteria nor suggesting that values play an etio-pathogenetical role in the development of schizophrenia but improving our understanding of the "meaning" of schizophrenic experiences and beliefs, and by doing so reducing stigmatization, and enhancing the specificity and validity of "psychotic symptoms" (especially bizarre delusions) and of "social and occupational dysfunction" through a detailed description of the anthropological and existential matrix they arise from.
Stanghellini, Giovanni; Ballerini, Massimo
Person Landing After a Jump
This lab uses Tracker 4.0 video analysis software to measure and analyze the center of mass motion of a person landing after a jump. Students measure the acceleration of the person in free-fall and his acceleration while he is landing and slowing down. Students use the data to calculate the force of impact by the floor on the student during the landing. There are two video files: (1) the student bends his knees a maximum amount during the landing in order to decrease the force of impact by the floor; and (2) the student bends his knees a small amount in order to increase the force of impact on the floor. The zip file contains two folders: (1) a long time interval during the landing and (2) a short time interval during the landing. Each folder includes the lab handout, a video, and a Tracker 4.0 file. The video was recorded by Aaron Titus at High Point University. To open the Tracker file, download and run Tracker from http://www.cabrillo.edu/~dbrown/tracker/. Tracker is free. The videos can be used with other video analysis software; however, the handout has screen captures from Tracker 4.0 and instructions specifically written for Tracker 4.0.
Titus, Aaron
Physics for Sustainable Personal Transportation
Often portrayed as the major villain in discussion of global climate change, the modern automobile is a surprisingly efficient transportation appliance. Measured by CO2 emissions per passenger mile, a compact hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) with two occupants compares well with mass transportation. However, so long as automobile ownership remains an aspiration in the developing world and a necessity in many parts of the developed world, continuous reductions in in-use and life-cycle environmental impact will be necessary if this form of highly-capable personal transportation is to remain a viable option in a sustainable future. The automobile is an unusual consumer product in that over its lifetime, the energy that 'moves through' it is many time that required to create and dismantle it. In this presentation, the life-cycle of an automobile is considered as a series of transformations of material and energy. This construct illustrates the many places where research in various areas of physics will play a role in reducing that environmental impact. Several important Ford research projects will be highlighted. While many of those efficiency opportunities may seem merely incremental, the shear number of conversions associated with each vehicle, the energy that moves through each vehicle and the global vehicle population hugely magnifies even the smallest improvement. The development and deployment of the requisite technologies in products that are efficient, appealing and affordable is the key to sustainable personal transportation.
Tamor, Michael
White Paper: Advancing Personalized Health Care through Health Information Technology: An Update from the American Health Information Community's Personalized Health Care Workgroup
The Personalized Health Care Workgroup of the American Health Information Community was formed to determine what is needed to promote standard reporting and incorporation of medical genetic\\/genomic tests and family health history data in electronic health records. The Workgroup has examined and clarified a range of issues related to this information, including interoperability standards and requirements for confidentiality, privacy, and
John Glaser; Douglas E. Henley; Gregory Downing; Kristin M. Brinner
Personality subtypes in adolescents with anorexia nervosa.
The aims of this study are to (1) empirically identify the personality subtypes of adolescents with anorexic disorders and (2) investigate the personality disorders, identity disturbances, and affective features associated with the different subtypes. We assessed 102 adolescent patients with Eating Disorders (anorexia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified) using three clinical instruments: the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure for Adolescents (SWAP-200-A) (Westen D, Shedler J, Durrett C, Glass S, Martens A. Personality diagnoses in adolescence: DSM-IV Axis II diagnoses and an empirically derived alternative. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:952-966), the Affective Regulation and Experience Questionnaire (AREQ) (Zittel Conklin C, Bradley R, Westen D. Affect regulation in borderline personality disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 2006;194:69-77), and the Identity Disorder Questionnaire (IDQ) (Wilkinson-Ryan T, Westen D. Identity disturbance in borderline personality disorder: An empirical investigation. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:528-541). We performed a Q factor analysis of the SWAP-200-A descriptions of our sample to identify personality subtypes. We correlated these personality styles with AREQ and IDQ factors and explored the personality differences among individuals with the different types of ED. The Q factor analysis identified three personality subtypes: high-functioning/perfectionist, emotionally dysregulated, and overcontrolled/constricted. Each subtype showed specific identity and affective features, comorbidities with different personality disorders, and clinical implications. These results contribute to the understanding of adolescents with ED and seem to be relevant for treatment planning. PMID:23618607
Gazzillo, Francesco; Lingiardi, Vittorio; Peloso, Anna; Giordani, Silvia; Vesco, Serena; Zanna, Valeria; Filippucci, Ludovica; Vicari, Stefano
[Personality disorders in childhood and adolescence].
The diagnosis of a personality disorder is defined by the fact that personality traits are formed by early childhood, but German clinicians very rarely diagnose children and adolescents with personality disorders. Opponents of diagnosing personality disorders in childhood want to avoid labeling and refer to the developmental aspect of the personality. Supporters argue that children and adolescents already possess a describable personality and the developmental process continues into adulthood. By recognizing the pathological personality tendencies early enough allows an early therapy which can prevent an acute progression. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II) is applicable for use with adolescents. This empirical study indicated that one-third of the adolescents investigated were still diagnosed with a personality disorder 1 year after the primary assessment. However, the present categorizing diagnosis system proved to be insensible for childhood and adolescence. This supports the notion that dimensional systems are needed to diagnose personality traits in childhood in adolescence. PMID:19768448
Jucksch, V; Salbach-Andrae, H; Lehmkuhl, U
Convoy electrons
Recent developments in the theory of the production and of the transport of convoy electrons through solids are reviewed. Similarities and differences to cusp electron emission in binary ion-atom collisions and to transport of free'' electrons through solids are highlighted. We also discuss recent observations of convoy electron emission in ion-surface collisions at small glancing angles. 36 refs., 13 figs.
Burgdoerfer, J. (Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN (USA). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA))
Treating Patients as Persons: A Capabilities Approach to Support Delivery of Person-Centered Care
Health services internationally struggle to ensure health care is "person-centered" (or similar). In part, this is because there are many interpretations of "person-centered care" (and near synonyms), some of which seem unrealistic for some patients or situations and obscure the intrinsic value of patients' experiences of health care delivery. The general concern behind calls for person-centered care is an ethical one: Patients should be "treated as persons." We made novel use of insights from the capabilities approach to characterize person-centered care as care that recognizes and cultivates the capabilities associated with the concept of persons. This characterization unifies key features from previous characterisations and can render person-centered care applicable to diverse patients and situations. By tying person-centered care to intrinsically valuable capability outcomes, it incorporates a requirement for responsiveness to individuals and explains why person-centered care is required independently of any contribution it may make to health gain.
Entwistle, Vikki A.; Watt, Ian S.
Data Mining Challenges for Electronic Safety: The Case of Fraudulent Intent Detection in E-Mails
Online criminals have adapted traditional snail mail and door-to-door fraudulent schemes into electronic form. In- creasingly, such schemes target an individual's personal e - mail, where they mingle among, and are masked by, hon- est communications. The targeting and conniving nature of these schemes are an infringement upon an individual's personal privacy, as well as a threat to personal safety.
Edoardo Airoldi; Bradley Malin
[Obesity, personal and social problem].
Obesity is risk-factor for the most common nowdays diseases, as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, some carcinomas, degenerative diseases of weight bearing joints (spine, hips, knees), and present a huge medical and social problem, as well. It causes not only somatic but mental problems as well, especially in females and younger persons. Some of them undergo risky weight reducing methods, surgical procedures, etc, to reduce their body weight and to release mentally stressing body deformities. Aim of the work is to quantify negative impaction of obesity on functionality of the knee, the key joint in everyday body activities (rising, standing, walking, and climbing). Study has analyzed 22 randomly chosen patients (5 male, 17 female) with strong degenerative alteration of the knee (osteoarthritis), who were treated on the Department for orthopedic and traumatology, Clinical center Sarajevo during 2005 and 2006. Average age was 63.6 +/- 10.6 (54-76) years, with Body Mass Index (level of obesity) 31.1 +/- 3.5 (27-38) points, and average duration of symptoms 9.1 +/- 7.4 (1-25) years. The knee functionality was assessed by Knee Society Knee Score (KSKS). Completely healthy knee has 200 points--50 points for pain free knee, 25 points for stabile knee, and forfull extension-flexion arch, both, 50 points for normal walking and stairs climbing, both. Average value of KSKS was 118.1 +/- 35.0 points. As it was expected, there were strong significant correlation between KSKS and age (r = -0.50, p = 0.015). The duration of disability correlated with KSKS (r = -0.5, p = 0.02), and level of pain (r = 0.60, p=0.00). The obesity has significantly increased level of pain in the knee (r = -0.44, p = 0.04), all patients were obese persons. Persons with reduced functional abilities avoid body activity, it causes increasing of obesity, and one makes other worse. Concerning on incidence of described problem and its impaction on society in general, it is necessary to make every effort in prevention and treatment of obesity, as important risk factor and consequence of reduced functional abilities and risk factor of most common nowadays diseases. PMID:18232277
Biscevi?, Azra; Biscevi?, Mirza; Smrke, Dragica; Redzi?, Amira; Ziga, Jusuf
Resolving Person Names in Web People Search
Disambiguating person names in a set of documents (such as a set of web pages returned in response to a person name) is a key task for the presentation of results and the automatic profiling of experts. With largely unstructured documents and an unknown number of people with the same name the problem presents many difficulties and challenges. This chapter treats the task of person name disambiguation as a document clustering problem, where it is assumed that the documents represent particular people. This leads to the person cluster hypothesis, which states that similar documents tend to represent the same person. Single Pass Clustering, k-Means Clustering, Agglomerative Clustering and Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis are employed and empirically evaluated in this context. On the SemEval 2007 Web People Search it is shown that the person cluster hypothesis holds reasonably well and that the Single Pass Clustering and Agglomerative Clustering methods provide the best performance.
Balog, Krisztian; Azzopardi, Leif; de Rijke, Maarten
Access to ambulatory care for poor persons.
Studies conducted during the 1970s have reported conflicting results concerning whether differences in use of physician services between poor and nonpoor persons have been eliminated. Using a sample of 92,737 persons from the 1982 National Health Interview Survey and a refined analytic method, this study reexamines utilization of ambulatory care services by persons above and below the poverty level. Before adjusting for health status, no differences were apparent in rates of physician contacts for persons above and below the poverty level. After adjusting for health status, persons below poverty were shown to have significantly fewer physician contacts than persons above poverty. Multivariate analysis revealed that Medicaid coverage can effectively counter the depressing effects of poverty on use of physician services. However, only 34 percent of the noninstitutionalized population below poverty level had Medicaid coverage in 1982. Public policy implications concerning Medicaid eligibility criteria are discussed.
Newacheck, P W
Milestones in the history of personality disorders
This paper analyzes the major historical milestones in the study of normal and abnormal personality, from antiquity up until the 20th century. Special attention is paid to the interaction between dimensional and typological approaches, which was a major issue during the preparation of DSM-5. Theories of personality started with the humoral theory of Greek medicine. Pinel, and later Esquirol and Prichard, are credited with the first descriptions of abnormal personalities in textbooks of psychiatry. Between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, elaborate systems of normal and abnormal personality, associating to some degree types and dimensions, were devised by a succession of European psychologists, such as Ribot, Heymans, and Lazursky. Emil Kraepelin and Kurt Schneider proposed classifications of abnormal personality types. In parallel, psychoanalysts stressed the role of early life experiences. Towards the mid-20th century, statistical methods were applied to the scientific validation of personality dimensions with pioneers such as Cattell, anticipating the five-factor model.
Crocq, Marc-Antoine
Modernity and narcissistic personality disorder.
Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is a trait-based disorder that can be understood as a pathological amplification of narcissistic traits. While temperamental vulnerability and psychological adversity are risk factors for NPD, sociocultural factors are also important. This review hypothesizes that increases in narcissistic traits and cultural narcissism could be associated with changes in the prevalence of NPD. These shifts seem to be a relatively recent phenomenon, driven by social changes associated with modernity. While the main treatment for NPD remains psychotherapy, that form of treatment is itself a product of modernity and individualism. The hypothesis is presented that psychological treatment, unless modified to address the specific problems associated with NPD, could run the risk of supporting narcissism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved). PMID:22800179
Personal Hygiene in the Cleanroom
This is a description for a learning module from Maricopa Advanced Technology Education Center. This PDF describes the module; access may be purchased by visiting the MATEC website. The most advanced apparel cannot shield a cleanroom from human contaminants unless employees embrace proper personal hygiene and work habits. This module conveys the attitudes and behaviors that help to keep the cleanroom clean. Your learners will learn why 'clean behaviors' are even more critical in some work zones than others, and how particles generated or carried by humans can cause killer defects. Most important, perhaps, with MATEC instruction learners learn that cleanroom habits directly affect a company's success. Mastery is demonstrated in a simulated walk-through of three cleanroom work zones.
Personality traits and university program.
Participants were 147 undergraduates majoring in programs classified as more professional (education, n = 28; business, n = 33) or less professional (natural sciences, n = 36; social science, n = 50) and more people-oriented (education, social sciences) or less people-oriented (business, natural sciences). They completed self-report tests for 13 personality constructs (five from Goldberg's version of the Five Factor Model, three from Eysenck and Eysenck's theory, and five others). Students in less professional disciplines scored higher on openness to experience (intellect/imagination) than those in more professional disciplines. Students in more people-oriented disciplines scored higher on empathy than those in less people-oriented disciplines. Women scored higher than men on conscientiousness, industriousness, and empathy, but lower than men on independence. Critical comments are offered and suggestions for research are made. PMID:17037481
Beauchamp, Kristy; McKelvie, Stuart J
Satellite Imagery Via Personal Computer
Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) was incorporated by NASA in the Tiros 8 weather satellite. APT included an advanced satellite camera that immediately transmitted a picture as well as low cost receiving equipment. When an advanced scanning radiometer was later introduced, ground station display equipment would not readily adjust to the new format until GSFC developed an APT Digital Scan Converter that made them compatible. A NASA Technical Note by Goddard's Vermillion and Kamoski described how to build a converter. In 1979, Electro-Services, using this technology, built the first microcomputer weather imaging system in the U.S. The company changed its name to Satellite Data Systems, Inc. and now manufactures the WeatherFax facsimile display graphics system which converts a personal computer into a weather satellite image acquisition and display workstation. Hardware, antennas, receivers, etc. are also offered. Customers include U.S. Weather Service, schools, military, etc.
Personal Safety in Dangerous Places
Personal safety during fieldwork is seldom addressed directly in the literature. Drawing from many prior years of ethnographic research and from field experience while studying crack distributors in New York City, the authors provide a variety of strategies by which ethnographic research can be safely conducted in dangerous settings. By projecting an appropriate demeanor, ethnographers can seek others for protector and locator roles, routinely create a safety zone in the field, and establish compatible field roles with potential subjects. The article also provides strategies for avoiding or handling sexual approaches, common law crimes, fights, drive-by shootings, and contacts with the police. When integrated with other standard qualitative methods, ethnographic strategies help to ensure that no physical harm comes to the field-worker and other staff members. Moreover, the presence of researchers may actually reduce (and not increase) potential and actual violence among crack distributors/abusers or others present in the field setting.
Williams, Terry; Dunlap, Eloise; Johnson, Bruce D.; Hamid, Ansley
Psychotherapy of Borderline Personality Disorder
Objective Psychotherapy is considered the primary treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD). Currently, there are four comprehensive psychosocial treatments for BPD. Two of these treatments are considered psychodynamic in nature: mentalization-based treatment and transference-focused psychotherapy. The other two are considered to be cognitive-behavioral in nature: dialectical behavioral therapy and schema-focused therapy. Method A review of the relevant literature was conducted. Results Each of these lengthy and complex psychotherapies significantly reduces the severity of borderline psychopathology or at least some aspects of it, particularly physically self-destructive acts. Conclusions Comprehensive, long-term psychotherapy can be a useful form of treatment for those with BPD. However, less intensive and less costly forms of treatment need to be developed. In addition, psychosocial treatments that are aimed at the quieter but psychosocially detrimental symptoms of BPD are needed.
Zanarini, Mary C.
Personal Genomic Information Management and Personalized Medicine: Challenges, Current Solutions, and Roles of HIM Professionals
In recent years, the term personalized medicine has received more and more attention in the field of healthcare. The increasing use of this term is closely related to the astonishing advancement in DNA sequencing technologies and other high-throughput biotechnologies. A large amount of personal genomic data can be generated by these technologies in a short time. Consequently, the needs for managing, analyzing, and interpreting these personal genomic data to facilitate personalized care are escalated. In this article, we discuss the challenges for implementing genomics-based personalized medicine in healthcare, current solutions to these challenges, and the roles of health information management (HIM) professionals in genomics-based personalized medicine.
Alzu'bi, Amal; Zhou, Leming; Watzlaf, Valerie
Predicting Primate Behavior from Personality Ratings
\\u000a An important reason for measuring personality in any species is the determination of the predictive power between personality\\u000a ratings and manifest behavior. In this chapter, I review what is known to date about the relationships between personality\\u000a traits and overt behaviors in primates. The majority of studies that have found such links have done so at the factor level,\\u000a so
Lindsay Murray
Personality and Political Participation: The Mediation Hypothesis
Recent analyses have demonstrated that personality affects political behavior. According to the mediation hypothesis, the\\u000a effect of personality on political participation is mediated by classical predictors, such as political interest, internal\\u000a efficacy, political discussion, or the sense that voting is a civic duty. This paper outlines various paths that link personality\\u000a traits to two participatory activities: voter turnout in European
Aina Gallego; Daniel Oberski
Communication variations related to leader personality
While communication and captain personality type have been separately shown to relate to overall crew performance, this study attempts to establish a link between communication and personality among 12 crews whose captains represent three pre-selected personality profiles (IE+, I-, Ec-). Results from analyzing transcribed speech from one leg of a full-mission simulation study, so far indicate several discriminating patterns involving ratios of total initiating speech (captain to crew members); in particular commands, questions and observations.
Kanki, Barbara G.; Palmer, Mark T.; Veinott, Elizabeth S.
Advancements in the field of personality development.
A summary is provided what the fields of personality and developmental psychology had to offer each other the past decade, reflected in the eleven contributions enclosed in this special issue. Strengths and opportunities to further advance the field are identified, including the extension of general trait with maladaptive trait models, the use of alternative methods to assess personality, and the adoption of configural approaches to describe traits in individuals, beyond more traditional person-centered approaches. PMID:24794737
De Fruyt, Filip; Van Leeuwen, Karla
State Personal Income, Third Quarter 2000
The third quarter 2000 statistics for state personal income show that North Dakota, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, and Kansas -- all Plains states -- had the fastest growth in personal income in the country. This is due mainly to the fact that "substantial increases in farm proprietors' income that were due to the timing of specially authorized federal farm subsidy payments, boosted personal income growth in these five states."
Electronic Government and Electronic Civics
Electronic government and electronic civics embrace a wide range of topics. Electronic government and electronic civics include in their purview the development, use, and implications of new practices, processes, forms and interests in government and civic life occasioned by the Internet, World Wide Web and related information and communication technologies. They are concerned with individuals and the groups they form
Jane E. Fountain
A personalized TV guide system
An essential change has been occurring in TV nowadays in Brazil: the migration from the analogical system to the system digital TV. A major impact of this change is the increasing capacity transmission of new channels. The electronic programming guide helps viewers to navigate between channels, but the measure that new channels are available it is inevitable that information overload
Paulo Muniz de Ávila; Sergio Donizetti Zorzo