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Patent law? It's all about Apples, Newton and iPads
As regular readers will know, I'm about as froth-mouthed free market as it is possible to get without descending into Randian lunacy. Yet even I support government interventions into the economy at times: it's only the times and methods used that are to be argued about. A case in point is the existence of the patent system. I'm …
Early warning
Possibly worth pointing out at an early stage that the IP intervention is a *lot* tighter than any public good. Even in the weakest patent system it must at least be novel (so Newton is way out !) . More generally equations and mathematics are not patentable anywhere, only an application derived from them could be.
In the better systems* its only a novel technical effect, leaving most of the pragmatic debate on how to set the the threshold for patentability (in particular of course where technical effect is delivered via an innovation delivered in software), how to ensure a proper review and proper disclosure.
*so not the ones who were once caught defining prior art as *only* anything already patented in their own system ....
Would be interesting to know if there is a decent analysis of the various different patent systems around the world and their effect their differences have on both their domestic and overseas markets.
Seeing the good
> university education probably isn't a public good
Well, that kinda depends on the subject being studied.
We can probably agree that most degree courses these days involve adequately educated 18 year-olds leaving home (much to their parents' relief) and going off to study a subject they like, think they'll like or were coerced into by their secondary school's in a bid to improve their ratings. Most of those who survive the parties, house-sharing dramas, love affairs, exams and occasional spot of intellectual striving will soon be moving back in with their parents (if they didn't move house at the first opportunity and "forget" to mention that to their offspring), when they realise their qualification is no help whatsoever in putting food on the table, or paying the rent.
However, some degrees for some students result in "goods" so far beyond the average, mode or median (choose whatever statistical measure you like), that they are undeniably a public good. Take as an example any technological advance over the past 60 years. Almost all have been made by degree-educated individuals and would not have been made if they hadn't received their tertiary education.
Obviously, there is no way to predict which particular student(s) in which particular course(s) will go one to invent or discover something that will change the world. But we can say, that for certain types of course: lets call them "sciences", the more people who study them at a sufficiently high level, the more discoveries and inventions will benefit the world as a whole. Though the same probably can't be said for economics students.
Therefore it follows that for the world as a whole, it is a sound investment to promote, grow and even pay for these sorts of courses: the ones that as a numbers-game do create things that make our world better, safer, more prosperous and nicer. As over time, we will want, use and even need the stuff these people will go one to give us. Patents or no patents.
Re: Seeing the good
Sorry to go all economics in my reply but there appears to be an assumption of unconstrained resources underpinning the creation of an unlimited supply of STEM graduates. When does society have enough STEM graduates and could the resources be better allocated elsewhere? (If you are covering the total cost, graduate in whatever you want)
In the eighties, there was a chemical engineering graduate glut as a result of universities selling a false prospectus to those without the full information. Was that a Good Thing?
As a STEM myself I quite like living in a society with art literature and music. That some of it is public funded enables a benefit (e.g. free art galleries) I could not otherwise get. But how much art is enough art? Good luck with that one.
Re: Seeing the good
The argument that there is no reliable centrally controlled way of determining what number of degrees in each subject should be funded is reasonable, but there is no evidence that the free market is any better at it either. Consider, for instance, a hard degree subject - structural engineering. Four years to an MSc, 5 more to C Eng. The free market just cannot function on those timescales; if pay in civil engineering goes up, it's going to be 10 years (allowing for subject choices at A level) before the number of chartered engineers starts to increase.
The fact that there are inefficiencies in the system doesn't mean we shouldn't be trying to make the effort.
In fact you can claim that universities are in no way different from primary education in being a public good. An educated population reduces (though not to zero, obviously) the chance of a society lapsing into anarchy or being taken over by a dictator, and provides a more benign environment for general economic development. More directly, education in STEM subjects can fuel industrial growth. People who have not been to university do not directly benefit from my degree in a STEM subject, but when I invent a new production process, start a company or fix a potentially catastrophic engineering problem, I protect or create jobs which pay much better than minimum wage. It is a form of trickle down which works much better than making a small minority very rich, because it is far from a zero sum game.
In the 1960s/70s, the number of people going to university was such that the State could fund them from an acceptable tax level, and the degrees they were getting contributed to economic growth. It's now the second decade of the 21st century, and the people with degrees want all the benefits of their work to accrue directly to them without taxation, or having to pay employees pesky living wages. This Randian approach has spread here from the US - which, with its huge debt, social problems and increasing reliance on foreign graduates to staff its high tech industries, isn't exactly an advert for their own system.
economics in two pages never really works
It's not what you've written, it's what you've omitted, including: dead-weight loss (crudely, any intervention creates inefficiencies), moral hazard (if I can I will, even if I shouldn't, creating resource allocation distortion), public choice, (those "holding the ring" aren't incentivised to take the tough decisions) capture (who? whom? determined by power and influence rather than legal/moral/philosophical principles), signalling (how do I decide if the other party if telling the truth, the whole truth...)
Picking on your example of immunisation and herd immunity. For a healthy person, immunisation is an unnecessary and not-risk-free intervention at point of delivery (no pun intended). So the individual (more usually, the parent, guardian or other person with capacity) needs to have faith that the benefits outweigh the disadvantages, e.g. big pharma hasn't captured public policy, creating an unnecessary intervention and so a misallocation of resources (of course, the same resources can't be allocated twice). Given other public policy screw-ups how can the individual be sure of the outcomes (signalling, public choice).
The whole sorry tale of MMR and the triple vaccine is an example of what happens when any of the foregoing goes wrong.
On a smaller scale I heard on the news just this week that one child in a disaster area was vaccinated for measles three times by three different aid agencies.
More generally, none of your examples are relevant to intellectual property unless you can demonstrate read-across. Otherwise it's argument by false analogy.
So good luck with part 2...
Re: economics in two pages never really works
"The whole sorry tale of MMR and the triple vaccine is an example of what happens ... WHEN MEDICAL FRAUDS SUCH AS ANDREW WAKEFIELD PUBLISH BOLLOCKS." The very fact MMR take-up is still depressed actually supports the inverse of the hypothesis that education is a public good; i.e. that lack of education negatively impacts a society.
Re: economics in two pages never really works
A down-vote for gerryg for the bad example of MMR. But the first paragraph of his post contains some good points.
All patent / copyright protection create a cost to society to reward an individual (or company). The fundamental question whether an activity deserves an award is often discussed, but the size of the reward seems to be horribly unflexible with the current system. Does the author of some code solving a particular mathematical (economic, accounting, SCADA ...) problem deserve the same level of exclusivity as the inventor of the blue LED? One may have involved a person, a computer, and some time (and rather little risk of failure if the problem was well defined) -- the other involved years of research, a significant research facility, and a large risk of failure (ask all the others who didn't manage to get their LED working).
Re: economics in two pages never really works
I apologise if I came across as supporting Wakefield. My intention was to illustrate the difficulties of trusting public policy and all the adverse consequences. If public policy were demonstrably universally benign and public servants always held in esteem Wakefield would not have got the floor space. Let's not forget the role of e.g., Private Eye, giving weight and making the decision all the more difficult.
Re: economics in two pages never really works
And Wakefield had a financial interest in attacking the MMR vaccine - another argument for State intervention to ensure that proper research standards are adhered to.
@John H Woods - Re: economics in two pages never really works
Are you talking here about education or "education" ? Haven't you heard about a large respectable pharmaceutical corporation establishing its own "scientific" phony medical journal ?
Re: @John H Woods - economics in two pages never really works
Dear AC 04:21,
It is impossible to answer your question, if indeed you really seek an answer, without understanding the distinction you intend to convey by quoting "education" in that manner.
I am naturally aware, as are many people, that there is a risk that at least some medical journals may effectively operate as the part of the marketing departments of Big Pharma (Smith, 2005; Spurling et al., 2011; Handel et al., 2012).
Presumably we could agree that the ability to read and understand cogent arguments (i.e. that some journal articles should be taken with varying sizes of pinches of salt) and come to our own conclusions about them is a product of (perhaps a certain kind of) education. As, I would suggest, is the ability to go beyond feelings such as "there's no smoke without fire; it's obviously a conspiracy" and consider the evidence directly -- in this case that the benefits of MMR massively outweigh its risk.
A recent example: there was outrage a few weeks ago from some politicians that approximately £700 of the cost of an NHS childbirth was insurance premium. This was repeated ad nauseam by the journalists, and many people relayed this "news" to me (I have worked on projects for Insurance Companies, and the NHS) as if it were shocking. When I asked them what was shocking, that the risk of an accident necessitating life-long support of the child might be "as high" as a few cases in 100,000 or that the cost of that life-long support might be "as much" as a few £million, these people looked at me as if I were a special kind of idiot - of course those figures are perfectly reasonable. But, nevertheless, wasn't it shocking that insuring against this risk cost several hundred pounds?
This is what I mean by lack of education being the opposite of a public good. The politicians expressing the outrage are either uneducated themselves, or are exploiting a lack of public education to promote a political agenda. The journalists repeating it are either uneducated themselves, or are exploiting a lack of public education to report a good story. The people repeating it to me as if it were amazing are mostly intelligent people who have unfortunately missed that part of their education that would have empowered them to think critically about what is presented to them and to realize that it is not really all that amazing. In fact, I think it is mainly lack of empowerment (i.e. self confidence to apply their own intelligence and reach their own conclusions) rather than ability. Nevertheless, I did not see a single politician or pundit on the TV, Radio or in print putting forward the point of view that the insurance premium is pretty much the right order of magnitude for the insured risk. I'm sure some did, but it would certainly not have attracted the same attention.
Now that little storm in a teacup subsided without apparent harm, apart from wasting everybody's time. But it is the same sort of thing preventing us from using more nuclear power, even though the radiological risks are lower than those of fossil fuels; causing children to die of preventable illnesses, even though the risks of preventative vaccination are tiny in comparison; and numerous other public policy problems.
Handel et al., 2012 BMJ 2012;344:e4212
Smith R., 2005 Medical Journals Are an Extension of the Marketing Arm of Pharmaceutical Companies. PLoS Med 2(5)
Spurling et al., 2011, The Lancet, 378
Re: economics in two pages never really works
Actually economics never really works - but when it is summed up in two pages the fact becomes glaringly obvious.
Given the chance to write a number of opaque 700-page books (or an equivalent number of still more impenetrable papers) most economists can effectively disguise the fact that their ideas, while undeniably interesting, cannot predict because they are incomplete. They are like the blind men and the elephant, except that we have to imagine just one or two blind men who have got hold of the ear, trunk, or tail. Thus they have no idea how big and complex the animal really is, nor can they have any idea what it is liable to do in response to a given stimulus.
I was sort of with you right up until you made a case against national health. Then I had to take the rest of your article as drivel.
Then perhaps you should disengage your patella reflex, engage your brain and read that bit again, because he wasn't making a case against "national health" at all.
That's the thing about right-wing economists - it's all ideology and story-telling. If you want accurate predictions of consequences, never ask someone like Worstall, because he's incapable of understanding how the world really works.
And that includes understanding the business consequences of policy. A case in point being the US, where the absence of public health-care, and the ensuing profiteering by the insurance companies, is a huge drain on the US economy.
It not only means less discretionary spending by most of the population, it also penalises businesses, and adds a huge risk for anyone thinking of contracting or going freelance - factors which we don't need to think about in the UK.
But in Worstall- world this gets translated to 'granny doesn't deserve a new hip, because economics.'
(Never mind that in the UK granny will already have paid for her new hip through tax and NI collected during her working life.)
That's the problem with left wing readers - they get confused between economic arguments and moral/social ones. You can have a 'right wing' view on the world and still believe granny should get her hip - but you don't start mixing it up with some made up economic benefit.
Try re-reading the article again without the knee jerk reaction. Just because his politics are different to yours doesn't make the discussion moot. And, again, the article (as I read it) doesn't argue against national health care.
Seriously, why do people think they have some monopoly on caring? This is the biggest fraud perpetrated in modern politics - that somehow any given political group has the unique ability to care about old ladies and children. This comment will be downvoted, of course, but it doesn't stop me wanting to see my dear old mum with a knee replacement, or my kids getting a good education.
Sightly strange complaint
"A case in point being the US, where the absence of public health-care,"
The US actually spends some 8 or 9 % of GDP on public health care. About the same portion as we were paying on the NHS back in 2001/02 sort of era.
The major complaint in the US is actually that they spend so much tax cash on public health and don't seem to get anything like the NHS for it.
BTW, I'm not a defender of the US health care system as it is, I would certainly recommend radical change in it. Just not in hte direction they are changing it.
"I was sort of with you right up until you made a case against national health."
You haven't understood a word of what Tim Worstall was saying.
Re: Sightly strange complaint
I guess that you get your figures from somewhere other than the WHO, which estimates the US expenditure on healthcare as 17.2% of GDP despite 16% of the population not being covered, a statistic that places it alongside such countries as Turkey and Mexico. In the UK it is below 10%; it used to be around 8.5% but the economic contraction in 2008 increased it as a proportion of GDP.
Despite this my life expectancy in my area of the UK is better than that of my brother in an expensive part of the East Coast of the US, and my wife's treatment for a serious condition has so far been superb.
So yes, in the fully private system twice the expenditure (allowing for GDP differences) produces a worse outcome than the part-privatised British system. Add to that the economic damage, with around 60% of individual bankruptcies being linked to medical expenses. As it's plain that no radical change will take place in the US system because there is just so much money and muscle behind it, expect the average US citizen to continue to get an expensive and substandard service (just like their mobile phone service, in fact).
Re: Slightly strange complaint
ribosome, Tim's figures were on US public healthcare expenditure, not US total healthcare expenditure. The system here in the States is not fully private; for example, most people 65 and older are on public Medicare.
Re: Sightly strange complaint
So why is the NHS not a public good? It works out in economy just like the herd immunity: In the US where we don't have such a thing a new hip costs a fortune, while it is cheap (and I don't just mean the cost to the individual) in most reasonable systems (such as Canada, UK or Germany). The reason is if you have a decent universal health care system it drives down cost of service for everyone. Not having a decent system in the US (and unfortunately Obamacare is just not enough) causes higher drug prices, higher service prices and even higher insurance company profits. So the true market approach here is if you spend enough money lobbying you can guarantee your profit base for the foreseeable future.
Re: Sightly strange complaint
Ribosome, once you correct the life expectancy figures in the US for accidental and violent deaths of young people (and that is in a relatively small number of specific areas) then the US life expectancy is higher than than UK. Their health system is not sub-standard at all, it is quite superior to the NHS in general, but it doesn't serve the cause to acknowledge that. The major causes for the high cost of medical treatment in the US are two, the horrendous cost of insurance because of the legal system, and the fact that the US pays high costs for all the various drugs and medicines, partly to subsidize the rest of the world, and probably more importantly because of the insurance style cover that has less incentive to attempt to reduce those costs. The litigation affect also works here, harder to use generic replacements when one could be sued for doing so.
Timing is everything
Some state-granted monopolies are reasonable in their length of time, others are not.
Cliff Richard was the poster boy for those who whined that the copyright on the sound recording and performers rights for music (as opposed to the composition of the music itself) was 'only' 50 years. It was increased to 70 years as a result.
What singer / musician has ever been put off recording something by having 'only' 50 years copyright on the performance?
Re: Timing is everything
I'd go further. What singer would be put off singing if there was no copyright law at all?
For me the very idea that without copyright no-one would innovate is retarded.
Re: Timing is everything
"For me the very idea that without copyright no-one would innovate is retarded."
You didn't read Tim's piece, did you? He specifically addressed that very point. Go back and see if you can find where (hint: don't skim read the piece with an Internet era attention span)
Re: Timing is everything
Another huge anomaly in timing is copyright in computer software.
Why should - to pick a company not at random - Microsoft be able to retain the copyright on Windows XP when they start to refuse to fix the problems they've not yet fixed?
Well, thanks for not descending into Randian lunacy
I do see a problem with using taxation to try and reduce negative externalities. Government becomes addicted to the money. Smoking and alcohol are both causes of negative externalities, yet I suspect I suspect we'd all have to pay a lot more tax, if it wasn't for smokers and boozers. While I think smoking a filthy habit, I do often wonder why tax addicted government doesn't throw some of that tax at curing the problems caused by smoking, thereby causing smokers to live longer and pay more tax.
Re: Well, thanks for not descending into Randian lunacy
"I suspect we'd all have to pay a lot more tax, if it wasn't for smokers and boozers"
Correct. I believe it was Sweeden that binned the study that proved this.
" I do often wonder why tax addicted government doesn't throw some of that tax at curing the problems caused by smoking, thereby causing smokers to live longer and pay more tax."
Doesn't work like that - the study I mentioned above indicated that one boon of smokers wasn't the extra tax they generated, but that they died younger and quicker than non-smokers, so they didn't draw as much in the way of pensions, and when they fell ill, they wouldn't need as much health care.
Harsh, but if the only consideration was money then the government would be positively encouraging smoking.
Re: Well, thanks for not descending into Randian lunacy
To state the bleeding obvious: They may live longer, but they are very unlikely to pay more tax per year of life as a result (unless, of course, the government ups everybody else's tax to compensate).
Copyright and Patents both have positive feedback mechanisms
Positive feedback as in an unstable circuit case, in relation to how these areas of law have been extended to suit vested interests far beyond the optimisation of public benefit.
In the case of copyright the main financial beneficiary, once having concentrated ownership through capitalism, became the only voice on the issue of copyright extension fit for publication in the mass media they own. Prior to social networking this was likely to be the only voice which could ever be heard on the matter.
In the case of patents the law is largely decided by lawyers, who naturally want more of it, resulting in the original intent of legislators being stretched to the limits of the legal imagination. Once a patent application has been worked over expensively by a patent lawyer to the point of unreadability outside of his peer group, terms such as "obviousness" and "inventive step" have taken on entirely different legal meanings from the understandings of mere engineers knowledgeable in the state of the relevant technical art, once tampered with by sufficient case law over a long enough period.
Attempts (some of these successful) have also being made to extend both areas of law through international treaty, secretly negotiated, and once passed creating effective blocks to reform by elected parliaments and houses of representatives to ensure us plebs get no further say in the matter.
Re: Copyright and Patents both have positive feedback mechanisms
Very well said and sensible too.
Re: Copyright and Patents both have positive feedback mechanisms
Democracy is meant to safeguard society from the feedback loops you mention. If the cost becomes too large, then society can rewrite the rules. It just takes time for the process to work, so be patient.
The ecomonics?
I'll sum it for you right now: IP is only as good as the lawyers and time you can afford and god help you if you are a small time inventor/creator who is robbed by a big company.
Pragmatic and/or/nor Theoretical
I suppose that, as with most things technical, there are theoretical considerations and pragmatic considerations.
If so, the dichotomy can blur or give rise to false understandings? For example:
Suppose I make chips, electronic circuitry stuff and I have a way to put some semiconductors together that might have an appeal to people involved with electronic games (hardware, firmware, software, assembler and customer oriented). It makes their stuff run better, look better and gives their customers a more moving experience and, well, they can charge more than the competition or other not possessing that technology or one similar to it.
So rather than make the extra bit available for free on every chip I make I ensure it is lockable and only people buying the right to use that bit of silicon will get the key. No copyright = no key.
The model makes sense to me because I can charge royalties on top of a general "copyright fee". If you want to buy copyright you can but then I also need a "royalty fee" for every instance of potential (emphasis on potential) use that might be made of that copyrighted, royalty accessed technology hidden behind an electronic and legal lock.
It's how I make my money dood?
Crossing The Streams - Managing To The Nonexistent
Arguments like this drive me nuts. There is no such thing as a free market. Never has been. Every single aspect of trade is managed and regulated from the standardized forms of exchange (money) to the controlled production of goods and their distribution. Auctions are about as close to a free market as we get, but that's another issue.
I'm fine with the nonexistence of free markets, but for any policy to be effective it must address reality, not fiction. For several hundred years we, as a civilization, have charged full steam ahead with policies that address a 'free and open' market while at the same time rigging the system specifically to prevent a 'free and open' market. It's all fantasy.
Until we suck it up and admit that the markets are rigged, nothing we do will make a bit of difference to the 'public good'. If we're going to insist on playing a fixed game then nobody has any right to complain about the insanity surrounding IP or oil or key market indices. Those things are the only possible outcome of playing a rigged game. It isn't even cheating if the rules are laid out to allow the cheating...
We need to manage to the reality of the situation. What we're doing now is no different than acknowledging gravity is a thing but simultaneously building only anti-gravity cars. The results are predictable, the only people who will benefit are those who manufacturer anti-gravity cars. That's the way the anti-gravity car industry likes it too.
Personally I don't care. I create value through direct skilled labor and meeting a real market need. We can live in fantasy land or reality and I'll still do fine. But the vast armies of office workers pounding away in furtherance of displaced labor really don't have any valid complaints when their wages are continuously pushed down and they eventually become the next class of working poor and/or destitute. It's the only way the game can play out.
Re: Crossing The Streams - Managing To The Nonexistent
mod up @Don Jefe.
No such thing as free markets. Regulated trade adds friction to commerce, but also inhibits entry into the market. The whole industry of lawsuits over pointless software patents has created a highly polarised landscape, but also made it toxic for small businesses to enter into it.
Look at the malign FAT patents that manages to tax the "magic" layout of data in memory. How is that in the public interest?
Dealing with reality is hard, but has one huge advantage. The results are truth. And in this world, we need all the truth we can find...
Re: Crossing The Streams - Managing To The Nonexistent
@Don Jefe:
I often say that "society is predicated on a fabric of lies". Unfortunately, some are necessary to reduce friction and that creates a situation where we come to accept that some lies are OK when they are not. This is used to our disadvantage with things like going to war and other sweeping allocations of resources based on lies.
Unfortunately, although I see that this fabric of lies is problematic, I am honestly not sure how we work around that. Some flexibility of the truth is actually necessary for society to function. I am not at all sure that we can remove the bedrock of falsehoods and still function.
Re: Crossing The Streams - Managing To The Nonexistent
I agree, some lies are necessary. A society based on complete honesty would descend into barbarism quickly, plus it wouldn't be any fun.
It can go too far though. Like when your policy makers actually believe the lies they were told as children and base their decisions on them: Like free market and supply-and-demand economies. Supply and demand doesn't much (if at all) affect consumers, the markets have been 'stabilized' several rungs upstream and we only see the effects based on inventory controls on products already in the system. Everything is kept steady 'for the consumer' but in reality it's only modifying producer product velocity to match their maximum efficiency metrics.
There is no room for competition as the price of things never changes enough to provide a toehold in the market. It's all stupid and I firmly believe that if we approached some things more honestly a lot more money and associated 'good things' would follow. We spend as much time and money managing a stacked deck as we do in actually doing business. The shitty part is it's our tax dollars that are being wasted on games and bullshit.
Re: Crossing The Streams - Managing To The Nonexistent
@Don Jefe:
Well said. I lament that we require flexible interpretations of truth at all. I agree with you about the extent. I did not put it very well, but what I was trying to say was that the necessity for some particular flexibility has created a situation where we accept falsehoods we should not. There is, at this point, a disrespect for the truth that is troubling.
We really need evidence.
Re: "We just think that we might well get less of these desirable things than we could get if we changed the incentives a bit."
When it comes to public policy allocating significant portions of the entire world's economy, I would like to be on more solid ground than "we think that we might".
I think it very unlikely that a society *with* patents and copyrights would have a chance competing against a society without them. If that is not the case, why would there be such a frantic rush to secretly negotiate and push through a treaty binding everyone to enforcing patents and copyrights?
If they really thought they had a point, they would let this fight itself out in the open market rather than asking for elaborate government protections and criminalization of things that are inherently civil matters.
Re: We really need evidence.
"I think it very unlikely that a society *with* patents and copyrights would have a chance competing against a society without them."
We've an interesting example of that going on right now. India almost never observes copyright and China rarely either copyright or patents. They are significantly poorer than we are although growing faster.
The usual economic argument deployed is that a society will ignore foreigners' IP for as long as there's no serious domestic sources wanting to have their own IP protected domestically.
Indeed, I've often argued (elsewhere) that we should simply ignore IP violations in poor countries. No, not on their exports to us, but in their domestic economy? Meh: it's a problem that will solve itself over time. So I'm generally against TRIPS and so on, that tries to enforce IP in trade treaties.
Conflating IP and that definition of 'Public Goods' is misleading though
And it takes an economist to ignore the reality of it.
An equation that Newton comes up with is only public if he publishes it publicly. If he keeps it to himself and hires himself out as a motion-prediction-trouble-shooter then he can make a bit of cash, at least until someone figures out his methods for themselves. And similarly only an economist could calculate the 'loss' to society of something they've never had or known about.
What is going on here is pre-supposing the flip-side of patent law - that the applicant is forced to divulge his methods publicly in order to receive the exclusive protection in law - in a set-up for banging on about the pros and cons of the other half of the system.
But I can't stop you using those equations […]
Tim, if excludability is Job One, then assassination is typically quite effective for the prevention of equation use. However, that comes with its own set of externalities.
What about protection *from* patents?
I think this article looks at only at the ownership and not the missed-opportunity side.
Intellectual Privilege denies inventors the ability to create, independently, and allows a 3rd party with a better lawyer and more resources to deprive them of their livelihood. Most inventors (myself included) would gladly opt out of the entire system. Whole fields of endeavour are often "patent-encumbered", leading in some cases to patent-thickets.
Some examples:
* IBM have a vast portfolio, and they find that it is 10x more often used for defence than offense. i.e. if the system went away completely, the benefits would outweigh the costs.
* Google bid over $4billion for a set of patents covering Android - an attempt to pay protection money for not being sued, even though almost all of them would fail the "obviousness test".
* The Open Invention Network exists in order to allow its members to effectively contract out of the patent system.
Re: What about protection *from* patents?
The patent system is quite effective, until you toss software into the mix. There's a subtle but crucial difference that in software patents that was rarely, if ever, an issue before.
Traditionally (pre-software patents) it wasn't so much the end product that was protected, but the means of arriving at the end product. I'll use my ironing board example to explain.
I have an ironing board from 1891. It is made of wood with a scissor type folding leg mechanism. At the intersection of the two sets of legs is an iron hook that slips through an eyelet on the opposing leg and locks the legs into position. Pretty straightforward right?
The hook and eyelet locking mechanism is patented (cast into the part in one of those over fancy Victorian fonts). For the duration of the patent the manufacturer was granted the right to sue anyone else who they caught locking the legs of an ironing board in that fashion without first getting permission.
The patent did not prevent others from making ironing boards with folding legs or using a similar hook and eyelet configuration in an entirely different application. That's a good, fair arrangement all the way around.
Software patents however, are often enforced in a way that would make manufacturing any ironing boards or latching a fence gate with a hook and eyelet a breach.
That simply isn't how the system was supposed to work, and indeed didn't work like that prior to software (some of the 'business methods' patents were pretty dumb too). The system has been twisted to suit the needs of users for which it wasn't designed. It's stupid and accomplishes the exact opposite of what it was supposed to do.
Does software need a government backed protection mechanism? I really don't know. I do know however that the patent system isn't suitable for software and if government backed protection is required it should be provided under another mechanism which is tailored to software. The existing patent system shouldn't be changed to deal with software. It works pretty damn well for everything else.
Re: What about protection *from* patents?
@Don Jefe:
Re:"It works pretty damn well for everything else."
I am not so sure of that and I am especially suspicious now that we have a global industrial base serving more than 5 billion people. I do not think it is unreasonable to say we pay on average something like $100 a month all-in for patents and copyrights accounting for not only straight costs but also lost opportunities created by artificial barriers. That is about $5 Trillion dollars a year. In essence, as a society, we are paying that amount of money so we can reap the benefit of the value of inventions created every year in excess of those that would be created without patents and copyrights. If the average life of a patent is twenty years, that is equivalent to agreeing to lock up $100 Trillion dollars.
I am especially troubled by the notion that the cost of copyrights and patents as a percentage of the economy is very large and still growing. Apple charges $0.30 on just about every song downloaded from iTunes and the only 'service' they are offering is to *limit* access to the songs. Apple is now attributing something like a billion dollars a month in revenue to iTunes. Essentially all of that money goes to rent-seekers of one kind of another and *not* back into the creation of art.
I say that as a matter of sane and sensible public policy we should at the very least determine roughly how much it costs society to have patent and copyright systems and what we get for our money. I have no doubt that the best financial course for society is to scrap the patent and copyright systems. That would pump billions of dollars a day into the world economy the moment it was done.
Note that in practice, as a matter of prudent public policy, I would not just scrap those systems without providing some sort of reasonable soft landing for people and industries affected by the change. However, that would not take the form of massive handouts to fatcats.
False assumption of ownership
"IP" is not legitimate property, it's merely the arrogant assumption of ownership, like a land-grab that first requires displacing the indigenous inhabitants (i.e. all former contributors).
Actual, real property requires there to be a verifiable provenance of unique transactions, that legitimately transfers ownership of a unique article from one person to the next.
But the provenance of knowledge (i.e. "IP") is unverifiable, because it has so many largely unaccountable sources. It's also typically acquired (learnt) without record, isn't transferred exclusively (many people can learn the same thing at the same time), and moreover is always derivative, to one degree or another, and therefore should not rightfully be any one person's exclusive "property".
Indeed "IP" is often required to cite its sources (e.g. patents), which means those who drafted "IP" laws were acutely aware of the fact that they were facilitating the monopolisation of other people's work.
That means "IP" itself is actually theft, according to the "IP" proponents' own ethos.
Any practical argument in favour of "IP" is therefore a bit like arguing about the practical benefits of using a shotgun to rob a bank. The question should not be; "How are we supposed to rob banks without shotguns?", it should be; "How can we make money without robbing banks?"
Re: False assumption of ownership
@Oh Homer:
Re: '"IP" itself is actually theft, according to the "IP" proponents' own ethos... The question should not be; "How are we supposed to rob banks without shotguns?", it should be; "How can we make money without robbing banks?"'
Very well said. I am stealing that idea for use in the future.
Public good
The problem with the 'public good' concept ineconomics is that it's been defined by economists, not by the public.
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Motivated after heartbreak: Bedford's Thomas ready for stretch run
January 21, 2014 The start of the postseason for District 5 wrestlers is still about a month away, but you can forgive Bedford's Garrett Thomas if he's just a little more pumped up to get the postseason starte. more »»
Irwin: Give edge to Ridge in tourney's loaded field
January 21, 2014 Here's a question that many coaches, fans and wrestlers try to answer but because of the quality of the Thomas Subaru Tournament, the answer is a hard one to get right: Who is going to win the... more »»
Mirror wrestling rankings
January 21, 2014 106 POUNDS 1. Max Murin Central Cambria Fr 23-0 2. Cole Manley Altoona Fr 16-3 3. Aaron Burkett Chestnut Ridge So 22-2 4. Nolan Link Penn Cambria Jr 17-5 5. more »»
Mirror wrestling leaders
January 21, 2014 WINS 1. Murin CC 23-0 2. Burkett CR 22-2 3. Glorioso Hunt 21-0 Oliver Hunt 21-0 5. C. Buttry CR 21-3 Green Hunt 21-3 7. Scott Hunt 21-5 Wagner Hunt 21-5 9. more »»
Heacock among PWCA's Hall of Fame group
January 21, 2014 The Pennsylvania Wrestling Coaches Association will induct 13 into its Hall of Fame on May 11 at the Ramada Inn in State College, and one of the inductees is Bedford's John Heacoc. more »»
Scarlet Dragons win Richland tourney title
January 19, 2014 JOHNSTOWN — Central won the team title of the Richland Tournament by 10 points, 149.5-139. more »»
Red Devils fight off Panthers
January 17, 2014 CRESSON — Central Cambria coach Bob Nikolishen was trying to figure out the dual meet tiebreaker criteria as the dual meet against shorthanded Penn Cambria was coming to a clos. more »»
High school wrestling roundup
January 17, 2014 SOMERSET — Johnathan Gabriel, Ryan Easter and Toby Brett pinned their opponents to help Bedford edge Somerset, 36-31, Thursday night in high school wrestling action. more »»
Bisons ride falls to win over Panthers
January 15, 2014 CRESSON — Only one of the 11 contested bouts in Tuesday night's dual meet between Bedford and Penn Cambria went the distance. more »»
Kennedy's pin lifts Scarlet Dragons to victory
January 15, 2014 MARTINSBURG — Ethan Kennedy pinned Jacob Noll in 2:34 in the final match of the night to clinch a 35-33 victory for Central over Bald Eagle Area in high school wrestling Tuesday. more »»
Getting another chance: Tyrone's Beckwith shines after accident
January 14, 2014 Jared Beckwith's junior season was going pretty smoothly. more »»
Irwin: Glorioso, Easter ranked second by Off The Mat
January 14, 2014 The first Off The Mat statewide rankings were released last week, and the Class AA wrestlers in the Mirror coverage area are well-represented. more »»
Mirror wrestling rankings
January 14, 2014 106 POUNDS 1. Max Murin Central Cambria Fr 18-0 2. Cole Manley Altoona Fr 15-3 3. Aaron Burkett Chestnut Ridge So 15-2 4. Nolan Link Penn Cambria Jr 16-4 . more »»
Mirror wrestling leaders
January 14, 2014 WINS 1. Scott Hunt 21-4 2. Glorioso Hunt 20-0 Oliver Hunt 20-0 4. Green Hunt 20-3 5. Wagner Hunt 20-5 6. Russell Hunt 19-4 7. Wilson Hunt 18-4 8. Murin CC 18-0 9. Lauer Hunt 17-8 10. more »»
Golden Tiger wrestlers taste first victory
January 12, 2014 HOLLIDAYSBURG — Both Tyrone and Hollidaysburg were 0-3 going into Saturday night's match. Both are dealing with injuries. Both needed a win badl. more »»
Bedford topples NB
January 12, 2014 BEDFORD — Bedford improved to 5-1, thanks to five falls in a 54-13 victory over Northern Bedford in high school wrestling Saturday. more »»
Heights beats rival CC in benefit wrestling match
January 10, 2014 EBENSBURG — Two archrival athletic programs bonded together for a common cause Thursday night. But neither of them forgot the competitive spirit that made them rivals in the first place. more »»
CR grapplers not guilty of looking ahead
January 10, 2014 NEW PARIS — With a Saturday match with at unbeaten Somerset looming on the horizon, Chestnut Ridge needed to keep its focus against Northern Bedford on Thursday night. more »»
Bedford, Huntingdon dominating in victories
January 10, 2014 SIDMAN — Bedford's Ryan Easter (132) and Garrett Thomas (138) started the match with two straight pins in its 62-9 rout of Forest Hills in high school wrestling on Thursday. more »»
Northern Bedford rolls to win over Bellwood-Antis
January 9, 2014 BELLWOOD — Chase Ott (285) and Ridge Hershberger (138) recorded falls in Northern Bedford's 48-18 victory over Bellwood-Antis in high school wrestling Wednesday. more »»

subset: commoncrawl


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Our four game fields offer the total family experience, complete with enclosed dug
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Our youth games will feature players of ages ranging from 7-14 years old.
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We will be hosting girl's fast pitch games throughout the summer and also holding an adult softball league in the fall.
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text: On MSNBC, BuzzFeed's Coppins Silent On Andrew Sullivan's Anti-Mormon Smears Print article Send a Tip by John Nolte 19 Mar 2013 post a comment There must have been a lot of tension in the BuzzFeed clown car office after left-wing smear merchant Andrew Sullivan launched into a series of anti-Mormon attacks against Mitt Romney in the waning days of the 2012 campaign. After all, BuzzFeed's McKay Coppins is a Mormon who was brought on the staff in part to cover Mormon issues. But… Coppins' boss, Ben Smith, is a huge fanboy of Andrew Sullivan's. Other than this squeak of a tweet, a good faith search has failed to find a BuzzFeed Politics' article critical of Uncle Sully for his utter lack of journalistic standards -- which is odd. BuzzFeed claims to be an objective news outlet and yet Coppins and BuzzFeed are quite famous for lecturing and relentlessly ridiculing conservative media. Coppins once again had the opportunity to condemn Sullivan's appalling lack of journalistic ethics during an appearance on MSNBC with Chris Jansing Tuesday morning. Unfortunately, though, Coppins chose to remain silent on the issue. This might sound like an unfair criticism. Jansing's topic, after all, was the ten-year anniversary of the Iraq War. But as BuzzFeed itself has taught us, the new journalistic standard is to report on what public figures do NOT say when given the opportunity. Follow John Nolte on Twitter @NolteNC


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I've been a technician for more than 13 years. I love this industry because you never stop learning, that is why I love LMT they keep us inform with the new and old of the Dental lab community.
Bernardo Marrero is on The BRIDGE!
The BRIDGE is an online network from LMT dedicated exclusively for members of the Dental Laboratory community. Join free to connect with Bernardo.


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|Total (w/tax)
|Total (w/tax)
Book Description:
Cases and Materials on Corporations has long been the choice of instructors who want a rich and challenging casebook with in-depth coverage of both public and closely held corporations. Now in its seventh edition, this traditionally organized casebook continues to prove itself to be an invaluable teaching tool. Time and classroom tested and authored by leading thinkers in corporate law, Cases and Materials on Corporations offers: Traditional casebook pedagogy—text notes, statutory material, excerpted commentary, problems, questions, and edited cases—all meticulously chosen and edited by this outstanding author team. Richness and depth—a range of thoroughly developed topics allows instructors to delve into topics with as much depth as they wish. A strong introductory chapter that develops the underpinnings for the course —the authors expertly delineate the significant characteristics of a corporation: limited liability, perpetual existence, free transferability, and centralized management. A framework that examines corporate responsibility—the authors scrutinize corporate law in the context of the corporation's responsibilities to its own constituents and investors, as well as to society. New to the Seventh Edition: A number of new main cases that have been recently decided, including In re Walt Disney Co. Derivative Litigation Stone v. Ritter. Effectively used to teach generations of law students, Cases and Materials on Corporations, Seventh Edition, remains the choice for instructors who want a sophisticated, in-depth presentation of corporate law.
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text:
TFO Bloodmourne
Junior Member
Just letting everyone know that if they're interested, I just posted a Udyr guide on SoloMid.net that's specifically aimed at Twisted Treeline players. Feel free to check it out!
Senior Member
this is like the best guide if u wanna loose before the 5 min mark u dont get phoenix till lvl last, u need to get it at lvl 1 your build gives u no dmg
my udyr would like to differ
Its how I used to build him except ignite over ghost and movement speed quints each their own thumbs up
Ghost? o.o No Flash?
Why you start out with E, when your Q does the dmg :O
Stout Shield doesn't do much, if you do no damage.
9-21-0 too tanky. better way is 21-9-0.
You don't need Armor Pen in 3s.
Mhm...So much more to say but I'll leave it at that.
+1 for effort
disagree with alot of stuff tbh :/
don't need bear at one
don't need AS yellows. If you really want AS finish them off in reds or blue
D Dragneel
Spirit visage...no trinity? just no....for me udyr is best built
Cloth Armor 5 health pots ---- Wriggles --- Mercs / Tabi ---- Trinity starting with Sheen and phage --- Wits end--- Udyr is just so tanky and demolishes after trinity imo....
© 2014 Riot Games, Inc. All rights reserved. Riot Games, League of Legends and PvP.net are trademarks, services marks, or registered trademarks of Riot Games, Inc.


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Book your room at Eric Vökel Boutique Apartments Gran Vía Suites
One Bedroom Condo for Two PeopleMax Occupancy: 2 guests (up to 1 child, 1 infant)
One Bedroom Condo for Four PeopleMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 1 infant)
Two Bedroom Condo for Four PeopleMax Occupancy: 4 guests (up to 3 children, 2 infants)
Two Bedroom Condo for Six PeopleMax Occupancy: 6 guests (up to 5 children, 2 infants)
4-star aparthotel in Barcelona (Eixample) near Placa d'Espanya
This aparthotel is located in Barcelona (Eixample), near the airport, Casa Golferichs, Placa d'Espanya, and Magic Fountain of Montjuic. Also nearby are Casa Batllo and Palau de la Musica Catalana.
Property Features
Eric Vökel Boutique Apartments Gran Vía Suites provides complimentary wireless Internet access, a 24-hour business center, a computer station, and meeting rooms.
Room Amenities
LCD televisions come with satellite channels. Guestrooms also feature kitchens, complimentary wireless Internet access, and complimentary high-speed (wired) Internet access.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Eric Vökel Boutique Apartments Gran Vía Suites
Hotel Amenities
A computer station is located on site and high-speed wireless Internet access is complimentary. This 4-star property offers access to a 24-hour business center and meeting rooms. 2 meeting rooms are available. For a surcharge, the property provides a roundtrip airport shuttle (available on request), a cruise ship terminal shuttle, and a train station pick-up service. This Barcelona aparthotel also offers tour/ticket assistance, multilingual staff, and concierge services.
Eric Vökel Boutique Apartments Gran Vía Suites is a smoke-free property.
- Airport transportation (surcharge)
- Total number of rooms - 29
- Number of floors - 8
- Concierge services
- Elevator/lift
- Express check-in
- Express check-out
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Cruise terminal shuttle (surcharge)
- Computer station
- Free Wi-Fi
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Meeting rooms
- Multilingual staff
- Luggage storage
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Train station pickup (surcharge)
- Offsite parking discounted rates available
- Offsite parking reservations required
- Number of meeting rooms - 2
- Year Built 2011
- 24-hour business center
- Smoke-free property
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
Family Friendly Amenities
- Separate living room
- Free Wi-Fi
- Kitchen
- Separate dining area
- Sofa bed
- Washer/dryer
- Full-sized refrigerator/freezer
- Microwave
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
Available in all rooms: Free Wi-Fi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Available in some public areas: Free Wi-Fi
Offsite parking discounted rates available, Offsite parking reservations required
Room Amenities
- Separate sitting area
- Climate control
- Air conditioning
- Phone
- Free local calls
- Microwave
- Coffee/tea maker
- Kitchen
- Weekly housekeeping provided
- Private bathroom
- Complimentary toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Shower only
- Rainfall showerhead
- Iron/ironing board
- Desk
- Sofa bed
- Cookware, dishware, and utensils
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Washer/dryer
- Separate dining area
- Dishwasher
- Full-sized refrigerator/freezer
- Stovetop
- Satellite TV service
- Free Wi-Fi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- In-room safe (laptop compatible)
- Separate living room
- Sofa bed size
- Cribs/infant beds (complimentary)
- Down comforter
- Individually furnished
- Individually decorated
- Espresso maker
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Segway rental/tour nearby
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Pets allowed, Maximum number of pets per room 2, Pet maximum weight in kg is 15
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Hotel Registry Number - HUTB-003628
Service animals exempt from fees/restrictions
24-hour check-in
Noise-free rooms not guaranteed
No rollaway/extra beds available
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 0.72 per person, per night. This tax does not apply to children under 16 years of age.
- Airport shuttle fee: EUR 120 per vehicle (roundtrip)
We should mention
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2500, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation. This property's policy is to refuse certain bookings for the purpose of group events or parties, including pre-wedding stag/bachelor and hen/bachelorette parties. This property offers transfers from the cruise terminal, airport, and train station (surcharges may apply). Guests must contact the property with arrival details 72 hours prior to arrival, using the contact information on the booking confirmation. Up to 3 children 3 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


text:
Word: iperfosforemia
Added on: 2011-03-06 Listened: 0 timesin: sostantivo
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— Sidney Poitier as Virgil Tibbs from In the Heat of the Night, 1967
You are Here » News Chat » Skyfall: The Digger vs. the Train
October 5, 2012
Skyfall: The Digger vs. the Train
— Posted by The "Superior" Anthony
You know I've been enjoying everything that I've seen thus far from this Skyfall film and I just finally watched this latest clip that was uploaded to the internet showing our favorite super spy taking on a train. With a digger. While the digger is ON the train. Word.
I really like that. That little thing with his cuffs? badass. I'll see what else I can find…
Via: JoBlo
This post was written by :
The "Superior" Anthony who has written 2561 posts on The Movie Blog
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Lacey McClain, a May 2013 Lenox High School graduate, is competing on Southwestern Community College's first-year bowling team.
McClain was a varsity letter winner on the Lenox girls bowling team all four years in high school. She was a member of the National Honor Society. She is the daughter of Bill and Dawn McClain of Lenox.
Pictured (L to R): Doug Davidson, SWCC head bowling coach; Lacey McClain; and Bill McClain, Lacey's father.


text:
Patrick Michels/jasonlam via FlickrI lost a lot of respect for Sarah, our editorial assistant. Just a little while ago she admitted an affinity--well, more than an affinity, an absolute love--for 7-Eleven's nachos.While I respect that the convenience store provides nachos, with an all-you-can-pile-o ... More >>
Cats & Dogs doesn't quite build a better mousetrap
Hasil Adkins drinks too much, screws too much, and rocks too much
Dallas' Todd Oldham wants to take his colorful fashions from sassy to classy--and reap big-time profits. But MTV's fashion designer won't have it easy in his quest to transcend trend.
To the grief of his children and his wife's family, Walker Railey is resurrecting his story
Two pizzerias--one new, one ancient--are legitimate contenders for Dallas' best


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June 6 (Bloomberg) -- Samsung Electronics Co., the world's largest maker of televisions and flat-screen panels, was accused in a lawsuit filed by electronics retailer BrandsMart USA Inc. of conspiring to artificially inflate the prices of liquid- crystal displays.
The companies formed an "international cartel" to restrict production of LCD panels used in televisions, mobile phones and computer monitors from 1996 to 2006, according to the complaint by Interbond Corporation of America, which does business as BrandsMart USA.
"The conspiracy affected billions of dollars of commerce throughout the United States," Interbond said in the complaint filed June 3 in federal court in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
Fifteen companies, plus units of some of them, are named as defendants in the lawsuit by Hollywood, Florida-based Interbond.
At least 22 display-industry executives have been criminally charged in a U.S. probe into LCD price fixing. Eight companies have also been charged in the investigation which has netted more than $890 million in criminal fines, according to the Justice Department.
Adam Yates, a U.S. spokesman for Suwon, South Korea-based Samsung, didn't immediately respond to an e-mail seeking comment.
The LCD manufacturers held what they called "crystal meetings" between high- and mid-level executives monthly and sometimes quarterly in which they would agree to price and supply controls, according to Interbond's complaint. The Japanese companies initiated the meetings and then brought the South Korean and Taiwanese producers into the conspiracy when they entered the market, Interbond said.
Brandsmart operates 11 electronics warehouse-style discount stores in Florida and Georgia.
The case is Interbond Corporation of America v. AU Optronics Corp., 11-cv-61264, U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida (Ft. Lauderdale).
--With assistance from Karen Gullo in San Francisco. Editors: Michael Hytha, Joe Schneider
To contact the reporter on this story: Susannah Nesmith in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, at firstname.lastname@example.com.
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Michael Hytha at firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Daniel Markham's Pretty Bitchin'
By Kelly Dearmore
Americans Under 30 the Most Cynical Bunch Ever
By Jim Schutze
13 of the Best Female-Fronted Bands in DFW
By Rachel Watts
Your Baseball Season Guide to Pre- and Post-Game Eats...
By Lauren Drewes Daniels
The Bizarre Life and Troubling Death of DarkSide
By Anna Merlan
The Ten Most Badass Band Names in DFW
By Lee Escobedo
By Alice Laussade
Here's a family affair for indie rockers looking for proof that "settling down" doesn't necessarily equal a creative death. Cex is Rjyan Kidwell, a young, smart guy who has played satirical glitch-techno, earnest emo-glitch, wry art-techno, menacing goth-rock and whatever he'll give you tonight. He recently married Roby Newton, formerly of the Chicago doom-math outfit Milemarker; tonight she'll play in Cex's band, along with Cale Parks, who's also a member of emo experimentalists Joan of Arc and meticulous fusioneers Aloha, whose new Here Comes Everyone doesn't always buckle under the weight of 10 zillion 16th notes. Weather is a new band featuring Newton and another human who may or may not be related to someone else.


text:
Unbeaten's To Meet Friday At O-rena
Story By: Brian Skowronski
|Email Story to Friend
Original Published: 1/16/2014
A true rarity in high school basketball will occur Friday night at the O-rena, when a pair of unbeaten conference foes meet at the midpoint in the season.
13-0 Ontario will host 12-0 Norwalk, in the first ever meeting between the two program's as conference opponents. The Warriors are 5-0 to begin their inaugural season in the Northern Ohio League and will be looking to get a leg-up on the 3-time defending NOL champion Truckers in the league title chase with a win on Friday night. But defeating Norwalk will be no easy task, as the Truckers are currently riding the 9th longest regular season winning streak in the history of Ohio with 55-consecutive victories.
One of those wins came at Ontario a year ago, where Norwalk ran over the Warriors 63-39 on their way to a second consecutive undefeated season. Both Warriors head coach Joe Balogh and Truckers coach Steve Gray acknowledged that each of their roster's have changed since last years meeting and the pair also recognized the similarities between their team's this season.
The players also understand the magnitude of the game and the excitement that has been generated for the contest all around North Central Ohio. Each school has offered pre- sale tickets this week and the game is expected to be the first sell out in the history of the O-rena.
If you can't make it to the game, there will be many ways to watch and listen on Mid-State Multimedia's family of networks.
The game can be seen LIVE on WMFD TV beginning around 7:35 and also heard LIVE on WRGM ESPN Radio on 97.3 FM, AM 1440. http://new.livestream.com/accounts/1194911/events/2611240
This will also be the Ontario Game of the Week with replays on WOHZ Saturday and Sunday evenings at 7 p.m. and on WMFD TV in high definition Sunday at 3 p.m.
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Ashland man sentenced to prison for child exploitation
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Home > Message from the President
Message from the President
I have just begun my tenure as your new New York Region President and am already swept up in the Hadassah world. Experiencing the Mid-Winter National Board Meeting in West Palm Beach Florida gave me the opportunity to meet with hundreds of Hadassah leaders from every part of the United States. They are ready to meet every challenge head-on and keep our hospitals at the forefront of the world health scene.
-Rae Gurewitsch


text: Kobe May Retire After Next Season Print article Send a Tip by Tony Lee 2 Apr 2013 post a comment When Kobe Bryant's contract with the Lakers expires at the end of the 2013-14 season, he may walk away from the the game he loves. When asked on Sunday if next season could be his last in the NBA, Bryant said, at this time, that it could. "As I sit here right now, yeah," Bryant told NBA.com. When asked if there was "anything the Lakers can say that would make it more likely you played beyond next season," Bryant said, "No." "It's my decision. It's really about what I want to do, if I want to train and be psychotic with my training," Bryant said. "That's what it comes down to. It's really how I'm feeling physically." Bryant has made it a goal of his to win at least six NBA titles like Michael Jordan. Bryant has won five, and many believe his competitive drive will keep him in the game past next year if the Lakers do not win the title this year or next.


text:
Find records of Fred Barker
Find birth, death, marriage, military, and other records of Fred S Barker at Ancestry.com.Search for records
Biography & Family History Add details
Fred S Barker (1920 - 2007) was born on January 25, 1920. He was born into the Barker family.
There are no known marriages or children on file for Fred. Fred died on October 18, 2007 at age 87.
Fred S Barker's last known residence is at Flint, Genesee County, Michigan.
The data on this page comes from the official record for Fred S Barker in the SSDI (United States Social Security Master Death Index). According to information provided to the SSDI, this death record has been verified by a family member of the deceased. This data can be considered very accurate. What is the SSDI?
This genealogy of Fred S Barker's history was created by AncientFaces users like you Share facts about Fred to reach the people who know him. Some common things we would like to know about Fred's genealogy:
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- Flint, Genesee County, Michigan
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Despite what looks like minimal impact on binational cross-border trade, the inability to put to rest the issue of Mexican trucks serving all of the U.S. should serve as a national embarrassment.
Coverage of trucking contracts, employees, teamsters, and more.
News & Analysis
24 Nov 2014
U.S. shippers dependent on congested ports face a tough year ahead, FTR Associates says. But that doesn't mean 2015 will be easy — or cheap — for anyone shipping freight in the U.S.
21 Nov 2014
Recent case law involving the independent contractor model in trucking indicates that companies must cover all bases in order to convince the courts and government agencies that owner-operator drivers are not direct employees, a Southern California attorney told the Harbor Transportation Club this week.
21 Nov 2014
A Teamsters-affiliated group in Southern California on Friday said it halted picketing that began this week at facilities operated byPacer ACartage, Harbor Rail Transport, LACA Express, QTS and WinWin Logistics.
20 Nov 2014
A Teamsters union election for drivers at a FedEx Freight terminal in Richmond, Virginia, has been canceled, the third election withdrawal in three weeks.
19 Nov 2014
The Pacific Maritime Association said work slowdowns continued in the northern ports, while the International Longshore and Warehouse Union was not dispatching sufficient skilled labor to handle cargo volumes in Los Angeles-Long Beach.
19 Nov 2014
The Port of Long Beach today will be the focus of attention by a Teamsters-affiliated group that is attempting to organize drayage drivers in Southern California.
17 Nov 2014
Harbor truck drivers in Southern California on Tuesday will add two more drayage companies to the three that they went on strike against Monday. The drivers, who have been striking drayage companies in Los Angeles-Long Beach on and off during much of the year, are claiming wage theft and misclassification, and are seeking to be organized by the Teamsters union.
15 Nov 2014
More than a hundred drayage drivers on Saturday refused to serve the Los Angeles-Long Beach port complex, but in a downgrade of tensions they swapped pickets for information leaflets to distribute outside of marine terminals.
14 Nov 2014
Employees at a Con-Way Freight facility in Manchester, New Hampshire, yesterday rejected calls to join the Teamsters union in National Labor Relations Board.
13 Nov 2014
Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti today announced that drayage drivers from one company had agreed to stop striking at the Los Angeles-Long Long Beach port complex, and he was working to reach a similar conclusion with drivers from another company.


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Interfaith Thanksgiving takes place today
Date: November 20, 2012
by: Robin Hartill | City Editor
People of all faiths are invited to give thanks today at the 33rd Annual Longboat Key Interfaith Thanksgiving Service.
The service begins at 5 p.m. at Longboat Island Chapel, 6200 Gulf of Mexico Drive.
The Rev. Mark Bernthal, of St. Armands Key Lutheran Church will deliver the sermon. The offering at the service will be split between the Resurrection House in Sarasota and the One Stop Resource Center in Bradenton.
The service features an interfaith choir made up of people from each house of worship on Longboat and St. Armands keys.
Contact Robin Hartill at email@example.com.
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- Nov
29 Santa Jaws at Mote Aquarium
12:00 pm - 2:00 pm
- Dec
6 Longboat Key Gourmet Lawn Party
12:00 pm - 2:00 pm
- Dec
6 Santa Jaws at Mote Aquarium
12:00 pm
- Dec
13 Santa Jaws at Mote Aquarium
12:00 pm - 2:00 pm
PHOTO GALLERY: Interfaith Thanksgiving Worship Service
On Nov. 25, the 34th annual Interfaith Thanksgiving Service was held at St. Armands Lutheran Church.
Cumming heads back to school
Where in the world is Longboat Key Police Chief Pete Cumming?
Toys for Tots seeks holiday cheer
Toys for Tots needs help to make Christmas wishes come true for local children in need.


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For the ebf crowd: how on earth do you feed in public?(16 Posts)
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When stuff melts and splunges out your head.
My brain melted and sploonged out my ear.
od uživatele Kenji and Dagger 29. Červenec 2003
A pouring of thought into a blog entry. Almost always annoyingly narcissistic and worthless in nature.
"We went to blogger.com to read the latest sploonges from the emo kids."
od uživatele Digital Signal X 08. Srpen 2006


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Reflecting on Reflections - June 2014
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AES E-Library
General Metatheory of Auditory Localisation
This paper presents a general metatheory (theory of theories) of directional sound localization suited to the design of directional sound reproduction systems using loudspeakers. It is shown that any theory of localization can be expressed as a composite of -primitive- component theories based on three hierarchies: degree of nonlinearity, order of spherical-harmonic directionality, and degree of use of head movement. These component primitive theories are mathematically tractable for design purposes. An appendix illustrates applications of the metatheory to previous models for stereo localization.
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November 28, 2014
Stay Connected Anywhere
KANSAS CITY, Kan. (AP) _ A 28-year-old Kansas City, Kan., man is charged with first-degree murder in connection with the death of a woman who was struck by his vehicle during a police chase.
Christopher Bradley Stewart also was charged Thursday with felony fleeing to elude police and interference with a law enforcement officer.
Wyandotte County District Attorney Jerome Gorman says the murder charge was filed because someone was killed during the commission of an inherently dangerous felony.
Police say Stewart was fleeing from police Monday when he ran a stop sign and collided with a car driven by 62-year-old Graciela Olivas of Kansas City, Kan.
Stewart was being held on $1 million bond. Gorman's office wasn't sure if he had obtained an attorney.
Stewart was scheduled to make a first appearance on Friday.
Posted by: Nick Viviani
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UN High Level Meeting on NCDs
Political declaration of the High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases
Political declaration of the High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases To read the Declaration, click here
Summary of the UN High Level Meeting on Non-Communicable Diseases
Overview of Events During the UN Summit on Noncommunicable Diseases
Caribbean Leaders Praised for Early Action on Noncommunicable Diseases
Interventions of the Heads of State of the Americas at the UN High-level Meeting on NCDs
UN General Assembly announces historic commitment to fight noncommunicable diseases
EOC Situation Report #21
Influenza A(H1N1)
Thursday, 11 June 2009
6:00 pm, EDT
- The World Health Organization raised its global pandemic alert level to Phase 6 today. This means that sustained community transmission of a new influenza virus has now been confirmed in more than one WHO region, and that a global pandemic is now officially declared. Read the Director General's statement to the press.
- It is important to note that the change in phase reflects geographical spread of the new influenza A (H1N1) virus, and not the severity of illness that it causes.
- At this time, WHO considers the overall severity of the influenza pandemic to be moderate. This assessment is based on scientific evidence available to WHO, as well as input from its Member States on the pandemic's impact on their health systems, and their social and economic functioning.
- Countries should prepare to see cases, or the further spread of cases, in the near future. Countries where outbreaks appear to have peaked should prepare for a second wave of infection.
- Guidance on specific protective and precautionary measures has been sent to ministries of health in all countries. Countries with no or only a few cases should remain vigilant.
- Countries with widespread transmission should focus on the appropriate management of patients. The testing and investigation of patients should be limited, as such measures are resource intensive and can very quickly strain capacities.
- WHO continues to recommend no restrictions on travel and no border closures.
- For the latest reports on the status of Influenza A(H1N1) in the Americas please check the daily epidemiological alerts available in the PAHO website.
- Guidance for national authorities.
- PAHO's influenza A (H1N1) portal.
- Pan American Health Organization website.
- World Health Organization website.
- For constant updates on the influenza A(H1N1) situation, check the PAHO and WHO channels in Twitter.
The PAHO/WHO Emergency Operations Center Situation Report will issue situation reports as the situation requires.
Situation Reports
- Situation Report # 21, June 11 (PDF) - English - Spanish - French
- Situation Report # 20, May 22 (PDF) - English - Spanish - French
- Situation Report # 19, May 15 (PDF) - English - Spanish - French
- Situation Report # 18, May 12 (PDF) -English - Spanish - French
:: Photo Album
World Health Day 2013 - Hypertension
World Health Day 2013 - Hypertension
Photo Exhibit Wellness Week 2012
World Health Day 2012 - Ageing and health
Wellness Week and UN High-level Meeting on NCDs
- September 20, 2011 - The Beginning of the End of NCDs in the Americas
- September 20, 2011 - Conclusion of UN Summit on NCDs
- September 20, 2011 - Food and Nutrition
- September 20, 2011 - Gender Responsive Approaches to NCDs
- September 19, 2011 - CARICOM Takes Stock
- September 19, 2011 - UN High-level Meeting on NCDs
- September 18, 2011 - Side Event: Physical Activity and NCDs
- September 17, 2011 - From Advocacy to Action: NCD Alliance NGO Briefing
- September 16, 2011 - Launch of New York City Wellness Week
- September 16, 2011 - Biking for free in Central Park (HUMANA)
- September 16, 2011 - Mobile Phones & Social Media in the response to NCDs
VIDA Project
Caribbean Wellness Day


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Judd's De-Lovely wraps up the French film festival. Plus: Kate Hudson, Matt Damon and more
Credit: Hahn-Nebeinger-Gorassini/Abaca
Updated: Monday May 24, 2004 | 06:00 AM EDT
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The title of Ashley Judd's new movie, De-Lovely, certainly suits her. The glam actress, who plays Cole Porter's wife in the musical biopic, is coiffed and ready for a hail of flashbulbs Saturday at the movie's Cannes Film Festival premiere. The film opens June 25.
Copyright © 2014 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited.


text:
If I were to tell you that both of my sons have Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD), you might: a) ask, what is that? b) ask, how did you know that they have it? or c) not believe me unless you had met them – especially my older son – a few years ago.
I believe that they are mostly recovered because of occupational therapy (OT) interventions over the course of a year and a half and because of ongoing naturopathic medicine and dietary changes.
My goal here in this article is to help other parents understand what SPD is and what can be done about it.
To answer the first question, people with SPD have a problem with the wiring from their nervous system to their brain; SPD is a neurological disorder. SPD is usually more noticeable in kids; most adults have learned to compensate.
Sensory Seekers and Sensory Avoiders
There are two kinds of people with SPD: sensory seekers and sensory avoiders. Sensory seekers are the kids who are constantly seeking stimulation. They like to crash hard into things or people, or they won't stop spinning or swinging.
My sons are both sensory avoiders, so I can tell you more about that because of my personal experience. The most mundane things can overstimulate sensory avoiders. Lights are too bright, sounds are too loud, the lightest touch can hurt, food textures can bother them, and motions can make them dizzy or sick. From what I understand, many autistic children also have SPD.
So, how did I come to know that they had SPD? I'm going to focus here on my older son because he's the one that had the most pronounced symptoms and because I had learned from him to see those symptoms in my younger son.
I'm also going to tell you that not all of his symptoms were SPD symptoms but those of gut dysbiosis and immune dysregulation as Beth Lambert details in her book, A Compromised Generation.
The more you know about neurological disorders such as SPD, autism, and ADD/ADHD, the more you understand that there are many comorbid symptoms that result from the same root causes. I'll explore the root causes and how I discovered them in a later article.
Something Was Wrong
Here are the major signs that I had that something was wrong:
When my older son was a baby, he would constantly projectile vomit.
His weight gain was OK until he started eating solid food around five months of age. It was incredibly hard (no, "TORTURE" is the right word here) to feed him any solid food.
It got so bad that I (being a former Wall Street analyst) made a spreadsheet to show the doctor that he was only eating ten cheerios and one ounce of yogurt a day. The rest of his calories came from my breast milk. Any food or breast milk I managed to get in him was typically vomited up immediately.
He didn't crawl when he should have. Instead, he slithered backwards at eight months of age.
He would always cry when going for a ride in the car. Looking back now, I'm sure it was motion sickness; he would vomit a lot when going for a ride.
Loud or unexpected noises would make him cry. I had to remove the batteries from any toy that made noises because he would always cry when the toys made sounds.
He army crawled until he was 18 months old.
At his 18-month checkup, the pediatrician discovered that my older son had lost weight. He recommended taking him to McDonald's and giving him Pediasure. I'll go over why this was such bad advice in another post.
He didn't walk until he was 20 months old. This was extremely hard for me because he didn't walk until three weeks before his little brother was born, and I had to carry him everywhere while I was 8+ months pregnant.
I couldn't take him anywhere because he would get sick without fail. This scenario continued until we started seeing a naturopathic doctor when he was four years old. Trust me, the Prevacid for his acid reflux and the antibiotics for his ear infections weren't helping at all. I'll discuss that in a later article.
He would always sleep way more than other kids his age. At three years of age, he needed 15 hours of sleep a day; most kids get 10-12 hours at that age. People used to call me "the sleep nazi" because I was so committed to making sure that he got his naps; my life revolved around his sleep schedule. What those people didn't know is that there was hell to pay from a relentlessly crying child if I didn't ensure that schedule.
He was like a little limp rag doll. It was so sad to see other kids happily and busily playing and climbing while my son sat there like a lump on a log. I'll talk about why this was so in a later article.
Even as a baby, he would cry if I put him in a swing. He refused to go on slides or merry-go-rounds. This became a real concern for me when he started preschool. I realized that if he were always to play in the sandbox while other kids played on the playground, he would never be able to make friends. I don't think any mother would want a lifetime of social isolation for their child.
We couldn't take him anywhere! While other kids were having fun going to birthday parties and social events, we'd try to go and then have to leave because he would cry at all the overstimulation. Even being around a lot of people would be overstimulating because of all the movement and noise.
I couldn't even take him grocery shopping. Sure enough, halfway through the store, the bright fluorescent lights, eye-catching colors, different smells, and loud, echoey noises would get to him, and he would start crying. If I was lucky and had my husband with me, he could take him out to the car to calm down while I finished shopping. If I didn't, we'd have to suffer through.
He was a barnacle. I felt as if he were permanently physically attached to me. It wasn't so bad when he was younger, but after his brother was born, it was extremely difficult to deal with two small, crying children at the same time, who both wanted to be picked up and held at the same time.
I would feel so guilty about neglecting his little brother, and then I would get angry because it just wasn't right that the older one's needs should be taking away from the little one's. He was older, all of his peers were becoming more self-sufficient, why wasn't he?
He had an incredible amount of anxiety. I'll explore the reason for this and what was done to help him overcome this in a later blog. This is probably one of the more interesting and unknown aspects of neurological disorders.
He was incredibly withdrawn with his peers. He would usually open up a little more to adults over time.
It is my understanding that the earlier the intervention occurs, the better, as children's brains are constantly growing and rewiring themselves. Intervention causes the brain to rewire itself so that the brain properly processes signals from the nervous system.
My older son's intervention began when he was 3-1/2 years old. If you were to meet him today, you would have no clue that this is the same child I've discussed here. He is happy; he's social; he's even extremely outgoing!
Who knew that this was the child that was really hiding inside this damaged body? Sorry, I'm crying when I write this because this feeling of peace and recovery and health is what I so wished for ever since I was first pregnant with him – doesn't every mom want that?
Maria Rickert Hong is a Certified Holistic Health Counselor who received her training from the Institute for Integrative Nutrition. She specializes in recovery from symptoms of autoimmune, neurological, behavioral and digestive disorders, as she has recovered her own sons from Sensory Processing Disorder, asthma and acid reflux. She is also a board member, social media director and blogger for Epidemic Answers, a non-profit whose goal is to let parents know recovery is possible from autism, ADHD, SPD, allergies, asthma, autoimmune, Lyme and more.
Maria Rickert Hong can be contacted at maria[at]epidemicanswers[dot]org


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sum1 who is muscular or built, or can be used as a verb.
"Holy fuck, is that guy ever diced up!"
"man im going to the gym and gettin diced!!"
"man im going to the gym and gettin diced!!"
بواسطة MaXx.PrIMmo فبراير 17, 2009
A Term used when you've Cut someone. This Could be a Figurative Cut (As in, you insulted someone), or a Real Cut.
"Man, First that guy Wipped out his Katana and cut you, then he called your mom Fat... You got Double Diced"
بواسطة Immortal-Jake مايو 3, 2006


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A Dorchester man is accused of stealing a cellphone from a woman at a Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority station.
The woman was talking on her phone at the MBAT Fields Corner station at about 4 p.m. Monday when a man came up from behind, grabbed the phone and fled the area.
Three days later, while passing through the station, the victim saw the man who she said robbed her days earlier.
Markeem Finlea, 21, of Dorchester, was arrested and charged with unarmed robbery.
He is expected to face charges later Friday.
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