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Version: 2.0.40 2.2.26 2.4.37 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17
1 menu "printk and dmesg options" 2 3 config PRINTK_TIME 4 bool "Show timing information on printks" 5 depends on PRINTK 6 help 7 Selecting this option causes time stamps of the printk() 8 messages to be added to the output of the syslog() system 9 call and at the console. 10 11 The timestamp is always recorded internally, and exported 12 to /dev/kmsg. This flag just specifies if the timestamp should 13 be included, not that the timestamp is recorded. 14 15 The behavior is also controlled by the kernel command line 16 parameter printk.time=1. See Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt 17 18 config MESSAGE_LOGLEVEL_DEFAULT 19 int "Default message log level (1-7)" 20 range 1 7 21 default "4" 22 help 23 Default log level for printk statements with no specified priority. 24 25 This was hard-coded to KERN_WARNING since at least 2.6.10 but folks 26 that are auditing their logs closely may want to set it to a lower 27 priority. 28 29 config BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY 30 bool "Delay each boot printk message by N milliseconds" 31 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PRINTK && GENERIC_CALIBRATE_DELAY 32 help 33 This build option allows you to read kernel boot messages 34 by inserting a short delay after each one. The delay is 35 specified in milliseconds on the kernel command line, 36 using "boot_delay=N". 37 38 It is likely that you would also need to use "lpj=M" to preset 39 the "loops per jiffie" value. 40 See a previous boot log for the "lpj" value to use for your 41 system, and then set "lpj=M" before setting "boot_delay=N". 42 NOTE: Using this option may adversely affect SMP systems. 43 I.e., processors other than the first one may not boot up. 44 BOOT_PRINTK_DELAY also may cause LOCKUP_DETECTOR to detect 45 what it believes to be lockup conditions. 46 47 config DYNAMIC_DEBUG 48 bool "Enable dynamic printk() support" 49 default n 50 depends on PRINTK 51 depends on DEBUG_FS 52 help 53 54 Compiles debug level messages into the kernel, which would not 55 otherwise be available at runtime. These messages can then be 56 enabled/disabled based on various levels of scope - per source file, 57 function, module, format string, and line number. This mechanism 58 implicitly compiles in all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls, which 59 enlarges the kernel text size by about 2%. 60 61 If a source file is compiled with DEBUG flag set, any 62 pr_debug() calls in it are enabled by default, but can be 63 disabled at runtime as below. Note that DEBUG flag is 64 turned on by many CONFIG_*DEBUG* options. 65 66 Usage: 67 68 Dynamic debugging is controlled via the 'dynamic_debug/control' file, 69 which is contained in the 'debugfs' filesystem. Thus, the debugfs 70 filesystem must first be mounted before making use of this feature. 71 We refer the control file as: <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control. This 72 file contains a list of the debug statements that can be enabled. The 73 format for each line of the file is: 74 75 filename:lineno [module]function flags format 76 77 filename : source file of the debug statement 78 lineno : line number of the debug statement 79 module : module that contains the debug statement 80 function : function that contains the debug statement 81 flags : '=p' means the line is turned 'on' for printing 82 format : the format used for the debug statement 83 84 From a live system: 85 86 nullarbor:~ # cat <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 87 # filename:lineno [module]function flags format 88 fs/aio.c:222 [aio]__put_ioctx =_ "__put_ioctx:\040freeing\040%p\012" 89 fs/aio.c:248 [aio]ioctx_alloc =_ "ENOMEM:\040nr_events\040too\040high\012" 90 fs/aio.c:1770 [aio]sys_io_cancel =_ "calling\040cancel\012" 91 92 Example usage: 93 94 // enable the message at line 1603 of file svcsock.c 95 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > 96 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 97 98 // enable all the messages in file svcsock.c 99 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' > 100 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 101 102 // enable all the messages in the NFS server module 103 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' > 104 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 105 106 // enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process() 107 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' > 108 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 109 110 // disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process() 111 nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' > 112 <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 113 114 See Documentation/dynamic-debug-howto.txt for additional information. 115 116 endmenu # "printk and dmesg options" 117 118 menu "Compile-time checks and compiler options" 119 120 config DEBUG_INFO 121 bool "Compile the kernel with debug info" 122 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !COMPILE_TEST 123 help 124 If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will include 125 debugging info resulting in a larger kernel image. 126 This adds debug symbols to the kernel and modules (gcc -g), and 127 is needed if you intend to use kernel crashdump or binary object 128 tools like crash, kgdb, LKCD, gdb, etc on the kernel. 129 Say Y here only if you plan to debug the kernel. 130 131 If unsure, say N. 132 133 config DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED 134 bool "Reduce debugging information" 135 depends on DEBUG_INFO 136 help 137 If you say Y here gcc is instructed to generate less debugging 138 information for structure types. This means that tools that 139 need full debugging information (like kgdb or systemtap) won't 140 be happy. But if you merely need debugging information to 141 resolve line numbers there is no loss. Advantage is that 142 build directory object sizes shrink dramatically over a full 143 DEBUG_INFO build and compile times are reduced too. 144 Only works with newer gcc versions. 145 146 config DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT 147 bool "Produce split debuginfo in .dwo files" 148 depends on DEBUG_INFO 149 help 150 Generate debug info into separate .dwo files. This significantly 151 reduces the build directory size for builds with DEBUG_INFO, 152 because it stores the information only once on disk in .dwo 153 files instead of multiple times in object files and executables. 154 In addition the debug information is also compressed. 155 156 Requires recent gcc (4.7+) and recent gdb/binutils. 157 Any tool that packages or reads debug information would need 158 to know about the .dwo files and include them. 159 Incompatible with older versions of ccache. 160 161 config DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4 162 bool "Generate dwarf4 debuginfo" 163 depends on DEBUG_INFO 164 help 165 Generate dwarf4 debug info. This requires recent versions 166 of gcc and gdb. It makes the debug information larger. 167 But it significantly improves the success of resolving 168 variables in gdb on optimized code. 169 170 config ENABLE_WARN_DEPRECATED 171 bool "Enable __deprecated logic" 172 default y 173 help 174 Enable the __deprecated logic in the kernel build. 175 Disable this to suppress the "warning: 'foo' is deprecated 176 (declared at kernel/power/somefile.c:1234)" messages. 177 178 config ENABLE_MUST_CHECK 179 bool "Enable __must_check logic" 180 default y 181 help 182 Enable the __must_check logic in the kernel build. Disable this to 183 suppress the "warning: ignoring return value of 'foo', declared with 184 attribute warn_unused_result" messages. 185 186 config FRAME_WARN 187 int "Warn for stack frames larger than (needs gcc 4.4)" 188 range 0 8192 189 default 1024 if !64BIT 190 default 2048 if 64BIT 191 help 192 Tell gcc to warn at build time for stack frames larger than this. 193 Setting this too low will cause a lot of warnings. 194 Setting it to 0 disables the warning. 195 Requires gcc 4.4 196 197 config STRIP_ASM_SYMS 198 bool "Strip assembler-generated symbols during link" 199 default n 200 help 201 Strip internal assembler-generated symbols during a link (symbols 202 that look like '.Lxxx') so they don't pollute the output of 203 get_wchan() and suchlike. 204 205 config READABLE_ASM 206 bool "Generate readable assembler code" 207 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 208 help 209 Disable some compiler optimizations that tend to generate human unreadable 210 assembler output. This may make the kernel slightly slower, but it helps 211 to keep kernel developers who have to stare a lot at assembler listings 212 sane. 213 214 config UNUSED_SYMBOLS 215 bool "Enable unused/obsolete exported symbols" 216 default y if X86 217 help 218 Unused but exported symbols make the kernel needlessly bigger. For 219 that reason most of these unused exports will soon be removed. This 220 option is provided temporarily to provide a transition period in case 221 some external kernel module needs one of these symbols anyway. If you 222 encounter such a case in your module, consider if you are actually 223 using the right API. (rationale: since nobody in the kernel is using 224 this in a module, there is a pretty good chance it's actually the 225 wrong interface to use). If you really need the symbol, please send a 226 mail to the linux kernel mailing list mentioning the symbol and why 227 you really need it, and what the merge plan to the mainline kernel for 228 your module is. 229 230 config DEBUG_FS 231 bool "Debug Filesystem" 232 help 233 debugfs is a virtual file system that kernel developers use to put 234 debugging files into. Enable this option to be able to read and 235 write to these files. 236 237 For detailed documentation on the debugfs API, see 238 Documentation/DocBook/filesystems. 239 240 If unsure, say N. 241 242 config HEADERS_CHECK 243 bool "Run 'make headers_check' when building vmlinux" 244 depends on !UML 245 help 246 This option will extract the user-visible kernel headers whenever 247 building the kernel, and will run basic sanity checks on them to 248 ensure that exported files do not attempt to include files which 249 were not exported, etc. 250 251 If you're making modifications to header files which are 252 relevant for userspace, say 'Y', and check the headers 253 exported to $(INSTALL_HDR_PATH) (usually 'usr/include' in 254 your build tree), to make sure they're suitable. 255 256 config DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH 257 bool "Enable full Section mismatch analysis" 258 help 259 The section mismatch analysis checks if there are illegal 260 references from one section to another section. 261 During linktime or runtime, some sections are dropped; 262 any use of code/data previously in these sections would 263 most likely result in an oops. 264 In the code, functions and variables are annotated with 265 __init,, etc. (see the full list in include/linux/init.h), 266 which results in the code/data being placed in specific sections. 267 The section mismatch analysis is always performed after a full 268 kernel build, and enabling this option causes the following 269 additional steps to occur: 270 - Add the option -fno-inline-functions-called-once to gcc commands. 271 When inlining a function annotated with __init in a non-init 272 function, we would lose the section information and thus 273 the analysis would not catch the illegal reference. 274 This option tells gcc to inline less (but it does result in 275 a larger kernel). 276 - Run the section mismatch analysis for each module/built-in.o file. 277 When we run the section mismatch analysis on vmlinux.o, we 278 lose valueble information about where the mismatch was 279 introduced. 280 Running the analysis for each module/built-in.o file 281 tells where the mismatch happens much closer to the 282 source. The drawback is that the same mismatch is 283 reported at least twice. 284 - Enable verbose reporting from modpost in order to help resolve 285 the section mismatches that are reported. 286 287 # 288 # Select this config option from the architecture Kconfig, if it 289 # is preferred to always offer frame pointers as a config 290 # option on the architecture (regardless of KERNEL_DEBUG): 291 # 292 config ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS 293 bool 294 help 295 296 config FRAME_POINTER 297 bool "Compile the kernel with frame pointers" 298 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && \ 299 (CRIS || M68K || FRV || UML || \ 300 AVR32 || SUPERH || BLACKFIN || MN10300 || METAG) || \ 301 ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS 302 default y if (DEBUG_INFO && UML) || ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS 303 help 304 If you say Y here the resulting kernel image will be slightly 305 larger and slower, but it gives very useful debugging information 306 in case of kernel bugs. (precise oopses/stacktraces/warnings) 307 308 config DEBUG_FORCE_WEAK_PER_CPU 309 bool "Force weak per-cpu definitions" 310 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 311 help 312 s390 and alpha require percpu variables in modules to be 313 defined weak to work around addressing range issue which 314 puts the following two restrictions on percpu variable 315 definitions. 316 317 1. percpu symbols must be unique whether static or not 318 2. percpu variables can't be defined inside a function 319 320 To ensure that generic code follows the above rules, this 321 option forces all percpu variables to be defined as weak. 322 323 endmenu # "Compiler options" 324 325 config MAGIC_SYSRQ 326 bool "Magic SysRq key" 327 depends on !UML 328 help 329 If you say Y here, you will have some control over the system even 330 if the system crashes for example during kernel debugging (e.g., you 331 will be able to flush the buffer cache to disk, reboot the system 332 immediately or dump some status information). This is accomplished 333 by pressing various keys while holding SysRq (Alt+PrintScreen). It 334 also works on a serial console (on PC hardware at least), if you 335 send a BREAK and then within 5 seconds a command keypress. The 336 keys are documented in <file:Documentation/sysrq.txt>. Don't say Y 337 unless you really know what this hack does. 338 339 config MAGIC_SYSRQ_DEFAULT_ENABLE 340 hex "Enable magic SysRq key functions by default" 341 depends on MAGIC_SYSRQ 342 default 0x1 343 help 344 Specifies which SysRq key functions are enabled by default. 345 This may be set to 1 or 0 to enable or disable them all, or 346 to a bitmask as described in Documentation/sysrq.txt. 347 348 config DEBUG_KERNEL 349 bool "Kernel debugging" 350 help 351 Say Y here if you are developing drivers or trying to debug and 352 identify kernel problems. 353 354 menu "Memory Debugging" 355 356 source mm/Kconfig.debug 357 358 config DEBUG_OBJECTS 359 bool "Debug object operations" 360 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 361 help 362 If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the 363 kernel to track the life time of various objects and validate 364 the operations on those objects. 365 366 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_SELFTEST 367 bool "Debug objects selftest" 368 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 369 help 370 This enables the selftest of the object debug code. 371 372 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_FREE 373 bool "Debug objects in freed memory" 374 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 375 help 376 This enables checks whether a k/v free operation frees an area 377 which contains an object which has not been deactivated 378 properly. This can make kmalloc/kfree-intensive workloads 379 much slower. 380 381 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS 382 bool "Debug timer objects" 383 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 384 help 385 If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the 386 timer routines to track the life time of timer objects and 387 validate the timer operations. 388 389 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK 390 bool "Debug work objects" 391 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 392 help 393 If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the 394 work queue routines to track the life time of work objects and 395 validate the work operations. 396 397 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD 398 bool "Debug RCU callbacks objects" 399 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 400 help 401 Enable this to turn on debugging of RCU list heads (call_rcu() usage). 402 403 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_PERCPU_COUNTER 404 bool "Debug percpu counter objects" 405 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 406 help 407 If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the 408 percpu counter routines to track the life time of percpu counter 409 objects and validate the percpu counter operations. 410 411 config DEBUG_OBJECTS_ENABLE_DEFAULT 412 int "debug_objects bootup default value (0-1)" 413 range 0 1 414 default "1" 415 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS 416 help 417 Debug objects boot parameter default value 418 419 config DEBUG_SLAB 420 bool "Debug slab memory allocations" 421 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && SLAB && !KMEMCHECK 422 help 423 Say Y here to have the kernel do limited verification on memory 424 allocation as well as poisoning memory on free to catch use of freed 425 memory. This can make kmalloc/kfree-intensive workloads much slower. 426 427 config DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK 428 bool "Memory leak debugging" 429 depends on DEBUG_SLAB 430 431 config SLUB_DEBUG_ON 432 bool "SLUB debugging on by default" 433 depends on SLUB && SLUB_DEBUG && !KMEMCHECK 434 default n 435 help 436 Boot with debugging on by default. SLUB boots by default with 437 the runtime debug capabilities switched off. Enabling this is 438 equivalent to specifying the "slub_debug" parameter on boot. 439 There is no support for more fine grained debug control like 440 possible with slub_debug=xxx. SLUB debugging may be switched 441 off in a kernel built with CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON by specifying 442 "slub_debug=-". 443 444 config SLUB_STATS 445 default n 446 bool "Enable SLUB performance statistics" 447 depends on SLUB && SYSFS 448 help 449 SLUB statistics are useful to debug SLUBs allocation behavior in 450 order find ways to optimize the allocator. This should never be 451 enabled for production use since keeping statistics slows down 452 the allocator by a few percentage points. The slabinfo command 453 supports the determination of the most active slabs to figure 454 out which slabs are relevant to a particular load. 455 Try running: slabinfo -DA 456 457 config HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK 458 bool 459 460 config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK 461 bool "Kernel memory leak detector" 462 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK 463 select DEBUG_FS 464 select STACKTRACE if STACKTRACE_SUPPORT 465 select KALLSYMS 466 select CRC32 467 help 468 Say Y here if you want to enable the memory leak 469 detector. The memory allocation/freeing is traced in a way 470 similar to the Boehm's conservative garbage collector, the 471 difference being that the orphan objects are not freed but 472 only shown in /sys/kernel/debug/kmemleak. Enabling this 473 feature will introduce an overhead to memory 474 allocations. See Documentation/kmemleak.txt for more 475 details. 476 477 Enabling DEBUG_SLAB or SLUB_DEBUG may increase the chances 478 of finding leaks due to the slab objects poisoning. 479 480 In order to access the kmemleak file, debugfs needs to be 481 mounted (usually at /sys/kernel/debug). 482 483 config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_EARLY_LOG_SIZE 484 int "Maximum kmemleak early log entries" 485 depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK 486 range 200 40000 487 default 400 488 help 489 Kmemleak must track all the memory allocations to avoid 490 reporting false positives. Since memory may be allocated or 491 freed before kmemleak is initialised, an early log buffer is 492 used to store these actions. If kmemleak reports "early log 493 buffer exceeded", please increase this value. 494 495 config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_TEST 496 tristate "Simple test for the kernel memory leak detector" 497 depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK && m 498 help 499 This option enables a module that explicitly leaks memory. 500 501 If unsure, say N. 502 503 config DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_DEFAULT_OFF 504 bool "Default kmemleak to off" 505 depends on DEBUG_KMEMLEAK 506 help 507 Say Y here to disable kmemleak by default. It can then be enabled 508 on the command line via kmemleak=on. 509 510 config DEBUG_STACK_USAGE 511 bool "Stack utilization instrumentation" 512 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !IA64 && !PARISC && !METAG 513 help 514 Enables the display of the minimum amount of free stack which each 515 task has ever had available in the sysrq-T and sysrq-P debug output. 516 517 This option will slow down process creation somewhat. 518 519 config DEBUG_VM 520 bool "Debug VM" 521 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 522 help 523 Enable this to turn on extended checks in the virtual-memory system 524 that may impact performance. 525 526 If unsure, say N. 527 528 config DEBUG_VM_VMACACHE 529 bool "Debug VMA caching" 530 depends on DEBUG_VM 531 help 532 Enable this to turn on VMA caching debug information. Doing so 533 can cause significant overhead, so only enable it in non-production 534 environments. 535 536 If unsure, say N. 537 538 config DEBUG_VM_RB 539 bool "Debug VM red-black trees" 540 depends on DEBUG_VM 541 help 542 Enable VM red-black tree debugging information and extra validations. 543 544 If unsure, say N. 545 546 config DEBUG_VIRTUAL 547 bool "Debug VM translations" 548 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && X86 549 help 550 Enable some costly sanity checks in virtual to page code. This can 551 catch mistakes with virt_to_page() and friends. 552 553 If unsure, say N. 554 555 config DEBUG_NOMMU_REGIONS 556 bool "Debug the global anon/private NOMMU mapping region tree" 557 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !MMU 558 help 559 This option causes the global tree of anonymous and private mapping 560 regions to be regularly checked for invalid topology. 561 562 config DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT 563 bool "Debug memory initialisation" if EXPERT 564 default !EXPERT 565 help 566 Enable this for additional checks during memory initialisation. 567 The sanity checks verify aspects of the VM such as the memory model 568 and other information provided by the architecture. Verbose 569 information will be printed at KERN_DEBUG loglevel depending 570 on the mminit_loglevel= command-line option. 571 572 If unsure, say Y 573 574 config MEMORY_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT 575 tristate "Memory hotplug notifier error injection module" 576 depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION 577 help 578 This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to 579 memory hotplug notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through 580 debugfs interface under /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory 581 582 If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events 583 notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error". 584 585 Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM) 586 587 # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory 588 # echo -12 > actions/MEM_GOING_OFFLINE/error 589 # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state 590 bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory 591 592 To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will 593 be called memory-notifier-error-inject. 594 595 If unsure, say N. 596 597 config DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS 598 bool "Debug access to per_cpu maps" 599 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 600 depends on SMP 601 help 602 Say Y to verify that the per_cpu map being accessed has 603 been set up. This adds a fair amount of code to kernel memory 604 and decreases performance. 605 606 Say N if unsure. 607 608 config DEBUG_HIGHMEM 609 bool "Highmem debugging" 610 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HIGHMEM 611 help 612 This option enables additional error checking for high memory 613 systems. Disable for production systems. 614 615 config HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW 616 bool 617 618 config DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW 619 bool "Check for stack overflows" 620 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW 621 ---help--- 622 Say Y here if you want to check for overflows of kernel, IRQ 623 and exception stacks (if your archicture uses them). This 624 option will show detailed messages if free stack space drops 625 below a certain limit. 626 627 These kinds of bugs usually occur when call-chains in the 628 kernel get too deep, especially when interrupts are 629 involved. 630 631 Use this in cases where you see apparently random memory 632 corruption, especially if it appears in 'struct thread_info' 633 634 If in doubt, say "N". 635 636 source "lib/Kconfig.kmemcheck" 637 638 endmenu # "Memory Debugging" 639 640 config DEBUG_SHIRQ 641 bool "Debug shared IRQ handlers" 642 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 643 help 644 Enable this to generate a spurious interrupt as soon as a shared 645 interrupt handler is registered, and just before one is deregistered. 646 Drivers ought to be able to handle interrupts coming in at those 647 points; some don't and need to be caught. 648 649 menu "Debug Lockups and Hangs" 650 651 config LOCKUP_DETECTOR 652 bool "Detect Hard and Soft Lockups" 653 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !S390 654 help 655 Say Y here to enable the kernel to act as a watchdog to detect 656 hard and soft lockups. 657 658 Softlockups are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel 659 mode for more than 20 seconds, without giving other tasks a 660 chance to run. The current stack trace is displayed upon 661 detection and the system will stay locked up. 662 663 Hardlockups are bugs that cause the CPU to loop in kernel mode 664 for more than 10 seconds, without letting other interrupts have a 665 chance to run. The current stack trace is displayed upon detection 666 and the system will stay locked up. 667 668 The overhead should be minimal. A periodic hrtimer runs to 669 generate interrupts and kick the watchdog task every 4 seconds. 670 An NMI is generated every 10 seconds or so to check for hardlockups. 671 672 The frequency of hrtimer and NMI events and the soft and hard lockup 673 thresholds can be controlled through the sysctl watchdog_thresh. 674 675 config HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR 676 def_bool y 677 depends on LOCKUP_DETECTOR && !HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG 678 depends on PERF_EVENTS && HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI 679 680 config BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC 681 bool "Panic (Reboot) On Hard Lockups" 682 depends on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR 683 help 684 Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "hard lockups", 685 which are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel 686 mode with interrupts disabled for more than 10 seconds (configurable 687 using the watchdog_thresh sysctl). 688 689 Say N if unsure. 690 691 config BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC_VALUE 692 int 693 depends on HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR 694 range 0 1 695 default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC 696 default 1 if BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC 697 698 config BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC 699 bool "Panic (Reboot) On Soft Lockups" 700 depends on LOCKUP_DETECTOR 701 help 702 Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "soft lockups", 703 which are bugs that cause the kernel to loop in kernel 704 mode for more than 20 seconds (configurable using the watchdog_thresh 705 sysctl), without giving other tasks a chance to run. 706 707 The panic can be used in combination with panic_timeout, 708 to cause the system to reboot automatically after a 709 lockup has been detected. This feature is useful for 710 high-availability systems that have uptime guarantees and 711 where a lockup must be resolved ASAP. 712 713 Say N if unsure. 714 715 config BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC_VALUE 716 int 717 depends on LOCKUP_DETECTOR 718 range 0 1 719 default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC 720 default 1 if BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC 721 722 config DETECT_HUNG_TASK 723 bool "Detect Hung Tasks" 724 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 725 default LOCKUP_DETECTOR 726 help 727 Say Y here to enable the kernel to detect "hung tasks", 728 which are bugs that cause the task to be stuck in 729 uninterruptible "D" state indefinitiley. 730 731 When a hung task is detected, the kernel will print the 732 current stack trace (which you should report), but the 733 task will stay in uninterruptible state. If lockdep is 734 enabled then all held locks will also be reported. This 735 feature has negligible overhead. 736 737 config DEFAULT_HUNG_TASK_TIMEOUT 738 int "Default timeout for hung task detection (in seconds)" 739 depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK 740 default 120 741 help 742 This option controls the default timeout (in seconds) used 743 to determine when a task has become non-responsive and should 744 be considered hung. 745 746 It can be adjusted at runtime via the kernel.hung_task_timeout_secs 747 sysctl or by writing a value to 748 /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs. 749 750 A timeout of 0 disables the check. The default is two minutes. 751 Keeping the default should be fine in most cases. 752 753 config BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC 754 bool "Panic (Reboot) On Hung Tasks" 755 depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK 756 help 757 Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic on "hung tasks", 758 which are bugs that cause the kernel to leave a task stuck 759 in uninterruptible "D" state. 760 761 The panic can be used in combination with panic_timeout, 762 to cause the system to reboot automatically after a 763 hung task has been detected. This feature is useful for 764 high-availability systems that have uptime guarantees and 765 where a hung tasks must be resolved ASAP. 766 767 Say N if unsure. 768 769 config BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC_VALUE 770 int 771 depends on DETECT_HUNG_TASK 772 range 0 1 773 default 0 if !BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC 774 default 1 if BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC 775 776 endmenu # "Debug lockups and hangs" 777 778 config PANIC_ON_OOPS 779 bool "Panic on Oops" 780 help 781 Say Y here to enable the kernel to panic when it oopses. This 782 has the same effect as setting oops=panic on the kernel command 783 line. 784 785 This feature is useful to ensure that the kernel does not do 786 anything erroneous after an oops which could result in data 787 corruption or other issues. 788 789 Say N if unsure. 790 791 config PANIC_ON_OOPS_VALUE 792 int 793 range 0 1 794 default 0 if !PANIC_ON_OOPS 795 default 1 if PANIC_ON_OOPS 796 797 config PANIC_TIMEOUT 798 int "panic timeout" 799 default 0 800 help 801 Set the timeout value (in seconds) until a reboot occurs when the 802 the kernel panics. If n = 0, then we wait forever. A timeout 803 value n > 0 will wait n seconds before rebooting, while a timeout 804 value n < 0 will reboot immediately. 805 806 config SCHED_DEBUG 807 bool "Collect scheduler debugging info" 808 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS 809 default y 810 help 811 If you say Y here, the /proc/sched_debug file will be provided 812 that can help debug the scheduler. The runtime overhead of this 813 option is minimal. 814 815 config SCHEDSTATS 816 bool "Collect scheduler statistics" 817 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS 818 help 819 If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the 820 scheduler and related routines to collect statistics about 821 scheduler behavior and provide them in /proc/schedstat. These 822 stats may be useful for both tuning and debugging the scheduler 823 If you aren't debugging the scheduler or trying to tune a specific 824 application, you can say N to avoid the very slight overhead 825 this adds. 826 827 config TIMER_STATS 828 bool "Collect kernel timers statistics" 829 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PROC_FS 830 help 831 If you say Y here, additional code will be inserted into the 832 timer routines to collect statistics about kernel timers being 833 reprogrammed. The statistics can be read from /proc/timer_stats. 834 The statistics collection is started by writing 1 to /proc/timer_stats, 835 writing 0 stops it. This feature is useful to collect information 836 about timer usage patterns in kernel and userspace. This feature 837 is lightweight if enabled in the kernel config but not activated 838 (it defaults to deactivated on bootup and will only be activated 839 if some application like powertop activates it explicitly). 840 841 config DEBUG_PREEMPT 842 bool "Debug preemptible kernel" 843 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && PREEMPT && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT 844 default y 845 help 846 If you say Y here then the kernel will use a debug variant of the 847 commonly used smp_processor_id() function and will print warnings 848 if kernel code uses it in a preemption-unsafe way. Also, the kernel 849 will detect preemption count underflows. 850 851 menu "Lock Debugging (spinlocks, mutexes, etc...)" 852 853 config DEBUG_RT_MUTEXES 854 bool "RT Mutex debugging, deadlock detection" 855 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && RT_MUTEXES 856 help 857 This allows rt mutex semantics violations and rt mutex related 858 deadlocks (lockups) to be detected and reported automatically. 859 860 config RT_MUTEX_TESTER 861 bool "Built-in scriptable tester for rt-mutexes" 862 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && RT_MUTEXES && BROKEN 863 help 864 This option enables a rt-mutex tester. 865 866 config DEBUG_SPINLOCK 867 bool "Spinlock and rw-lock debugging: basic checks" 868 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 869 select UNINLINE_SPIN_UNLOCK 870 help 871 Say Y here and build SMP to catch missing spinlock initialization 872 and certain other kinds of spinlock errors commonly made. This is 873 best used in conjunction with the NMI watchdog so that spinlock 874 deadlocks are also debuggable. 875 876 config DEBUG_MUTEXES 877 bool "Mutex debugging: basic checks" 878 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 879 help 880 This feature allows mutex semantics violations to be detected and 881 reported. 882 883 config DEBUG_WW_MUTEX_SLOWPATH 884 bool "Wait/wound mutex debugging: Slowpath testing" 885 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT && LOCKDEP_SUPPORT 886 select DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC 887 select DEBUG_SPINLOCK 888 select DEBUG_MUTEXES 889 help 890 This feature enables slowpath testing for w/w mutex users by 891 injecting additional -EDEADLK wound/backoff cases. Together with 892 the full mutex checks enabled with (CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING) this 893 will test all possible w/w mutex interface abuse with the 894 exception of simply not acquiring all the required locks. 895 Note that this feature can introduce significant overhead, so 896 it really should not be enabled in a production or distro kernel, 897 even a debug kernel. If you are a driver writer, enable it. If 898 you are a distro, do not. 899 900 config DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC 901 bool "Lock debugging: detect incorrect freeing of live locks" 902 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT && LOCKDEP_SUPPORT 903 select DEBUG_SPINLOCK 904 select DEBUG_MUTEXES 905 select LOCKDEP 906 help 907 This feature will check whether any held lock (spinlock, rwlock, 908 mutex or rwsem) is incorrectly freed by the kernel, via any of the 909 memory-freeing routines (kfree(), kmem_cache_free(), free_pages(), 910 vfree(), etc.), whether a live lock is incorrectly reinitialized via 911 spin_lock_init()/mutex_init()/etc., or whether there is any lock 912 held during task exit. 913 914 config PROVE_LOCKING 915 bool "Lock debugging: prove locking correctness" 916 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT && LOCKDEP_SUPPORT 917 select LOCKDEP 918 select DEBUG_SPINLOCK 919 select DEBUG_MUTEXES 920 select DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC 921 select TRACE_IRQFLAGS 922 default n 923 help 924 This feature enables the kernel to prove that all locking 925 that occurs in the kernel runtime is mathematically 926 correct: that under no circumstance could an arbitrary (and 927 not yet triggered) combination of observed locking 928 sequences (on an arbitrary number of CPUs, running an 929 arbitrary number of tasks and interrupt contexts) cause a 930 deadlock. 931 932 In short, this feature enables the kernel to report locking 933 related deadlocks before they actually occur. 934 935 The proof does not depend on how hard and complex a 936 deadlock scenario would be to trigger: how many 937 participant CPUs, tasks and irq-contexts would be needed 938 for it to trigger. The proof also does not depend on 939 timing: if a race and a resulting deadlock is possible 940 theoretically (no matter how unlikely the race scenario 941 is), it will be proven so and will immediately be 942 reported by the kernel (once the event is observed that 943 makes the deadlock theoretically possible). 944 945 If a deadlock is impossible (i.e. the locking rules, as 946 observed by the kernel, are mathematically correct), the 947 kernel reports nothing. 948 949 NOTE: this feature can also be enabled for rwlocks, mutexes 950 and rwsems - in which case all dependencies between these 951 different locking variants are observed and mapped too, and 952 the proof of observed correctness is also maintained for an 953 arbitrary combination of these separate locking variants. 954 955 For more details, see Documentation/lockdep-design.txt. 956 957 config LOCKDEP 958 bool 959 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT && LOCKDEP_SUPPORT 960 select STACKTRACE 961 select FRAME_POINTER if !MIPS && !PPC && !ARM_UNWIND && !S390 && !MICROBLAZE && !ARC && !SCORE 962 select KALLSYMS 963 select KALLSYMS_ALL 964 965 config LOCK_STAT 966 bool "Lock usage statistics" 967 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT && LOCKDEP_SUPPORT 968 select LOCKDEP 969 select DEBUG_SPINLOCK 970 select DEBUG_MUTEXES 971 select DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC 972 default n 973 help 974 This feature enables tracking lock contention points 975 976 For more details, see Documentation/lockstat.txt 977 978 This also enables lock events required by "perf lock", 979 subcommand of perf. 980 If you want to use "perf lock", you also need to turn on 981 CONFIG_EVENT_TRACING. 982 983 CONFIG_LOCK_STAT defines "contended" and "acquired" lock events. 984 (CONFIG_LOCKDEP defines "acquire" and "release" events.) 985 986 config DEBUG_LOCKDEP 987 bool "Lock dependency engine debugging" 988 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && LOCKDEP 989 help 990 If you say Y here, the lock dependency engine will do 991 additional runtime checks to debug itself, at the price 992 of more runtime overhead. 993 994 config DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP 995 bool "Sleep inside atomic section checking" 996 select PREEMPT_COUNT 997 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 998 help 999 If you say Y here, various routines which may sleep will become very 1000 noisy if they are called inside atomic sections: when a spinlock is 1001 held, inside an rcu read side critical section, inside preempt disabled 1002 sections, inside an interrupt, etc... 1003 1004 config DEBUG_LOCKING_API_SELFTESTS 1005 bool "Locking API boot-time self-tests" 1006 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1007 help 1008 Say Y here if you want the kernel to run a short self-test during 1009 bootup. The self-test checks whether common types of locking bugs 1010 are detected by debugging mechanisms or not. (if you disable 1011 lock debugging then those bugs wont be detected of course.) 1012 The following locking APIs are covered: spinlocks, rwlocks, 1013 mutexes and rwsems. 1014 1015 config LOCK_TORTURE_TEST 1016 tristate "torture tests for locking" 1017 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1018 select TORTURE_TEST 1019 default n 1020 help 1021 This option provides a kernel module that runs torture tests 1022 on kernel locking primitives. The kernel module may be built 1023 after the fact on the running kernel to be tested, if desired. 1024 1025 Say Y here if you want kernel locking-primitive torture tests 1026 to be built into the kernel. 1027 Say M if you want these torture tests to build as a module. 1028 Say N if you are unsure. 1029 1030 endmenu # lock debugging 1031 1032 config TRACE_IRQFLAGS 1033 bool 1034 help 1035 Enables hooks to interrupt enabling and disabling for 1036 either tracing or lock debugging. 1037 1038 config STACKTRACE 1039 bool "Stack backtrace support" 1040 depends on STACKTRACE_SUPPORT 1041 help 1042 This option causes the kernel to create a /proc/pid/stack for 1043 every process, showing its current stack trace. 1044 It is also used by various kernel debugging features that require 1045 stack trace generation. 1046 1047 config DEBUG_KOBJECT 1048 bool "kobject debugging" 1049 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1050 help 1051 If you say Y here, some extra kobject debugging messages will be sent 1052 to the syslog. 1053 1054 config DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE 1055 bool "kobject release debugging" 1056 depends on DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS 1057 help 1058 kobjects are reference counted objects. This means that their 1059 last reference count put is not predictable, and the kobject can 1060 live on past the point at which a driver decides to drop it's 1061 initial reference to the kobject gained on allocation. An 1062 example of this would be a struct device which has just been 1063 unregistered. 1064 1065 However, some buggy drivers assume that after such an operation, 1066 the memory backing the kobject can be immediately freed. This 1067 goes completely against the principles of a refcounted object. 1068 1069 If you say Y here, the kernel will delay the release of kobjects 1070 on the last reference count to improve the visibility of this 1071 kind of kobject release bug. 1072 1073 config HAVE_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE 1074 bool 1075 1076 config DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE 1077 bool "Verbose BUG() reporting (adds 70K)" if DEBUG_KERNEL && EXPERT 1078 depends on BUG && (GENERIC_BUG || HAVE_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE) 1079 default y 1080 help 1081 Say Y here to make BUG() panics output the file name and line number 1082 of the BUG call as well as the EIP and oops trace. This aids 1083 debugging but costs about 70-100K of memory. 1084 1085 config DEBUG_LIST 1086 bool "Debug linked list manipulation" 1087 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1088 help 1089 Enable this to turn on extended checks in the linked-list 1090 walking routines. 1091 1092 If unsure, say N. 1093 1094 config DEBUG_PI_LIST 1095 bool "Debug priority linked list manipulation" 1096 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1097 help 1098 Enable this to turn on extended checks in the priority-ordered 1099 linked-list (plist) walking routines. This checks the entire 1100 list multiple times during each manipulation. 1101 1102 If unsure, say N. 1103 1104 config DEBUG_SG 1105 bool "Debug SG table operations" 1106 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1107 help 1108 Enable this to turn on checks on scatter-gather tables. This can 1109 help find problems with drivers that do not properly initialize 1110 their sg tables. 1111 1112 If unsure, say N. 1113 1114 config DEBUG_NOTIFIERS 1115 bool "Debug notifier call chains" 1116 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1117 help 1118 Enable this to turn on sanity checking for notifier call chains. 1119 This is most useful for kernel developers to make sure that 1120 modules properly unregister themselves from notifier chains. 1121 This is a relatively cheap check but if you care about maximum 1122 performance, say N. 1123 1124 config DEBUG_CREDENTIALS 1125 bool "Debug credential management" 1126 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1127 help 1128 Enable this to turn on some debug checking for credential 1129 management. The additional code keeps track of the number of 1130 pointers from task_structs to any given cred struct, and checks to 1131 see that this number never exceeds the usage count of the cred 1132 struct. 1133 1134 Furthermore, if SELinux is enabled, this also checks that the 1135 security pointer in the cred struct is never seen to be invalid. 1136 1137 If unsure, say N. 1138 1139 menu "RCU Debugging" 1140 1141 config PROVE_RCU 1142 bool "RCU debugging: prove RCU correctness" 1143 depends on PROVE_LOCKING 1144 default n 1145 help 1146 This feature enables lockdep extensions that check for correct 1147 use of RCU APIs. This is currently under development. Say Y 1148 if you want to debug RCU usage or help work on the PROVE_RCU 1149 feature. 1150 1151 Say N if you are unsure. 1152 1153 config PROVE_RCU_REPEATEDLY 1154 bool "RCU debugging: don't disable PROVE_RCU on first splat" 1155 depends on PROVE_RCU 1156 default n 1157 help 1158 By itself, PROVE_RCU will disable checking upon issuing the 1159 first warning (or "splat"). This feature prevents such 1160 disabling, allowing multiple RCU-lockdep warnings to be printed 1161 on a single reboot. 1162 1163 Say Y to allow multiple RCU-lockdep warnings per boot. 1164 1165 Say N if you are unsure. 1166 1167 config SPARSE_RCU_POINTER 1168 bool "RCU debugging: sparse-based checks for pointer usage" 1169 default n 1170 help 1171 This feature enables the __rcu sparse annotation for 1172 RCU-protected pointers. This annotation will cause sparse 1173 to flag any non-RCU used of annotated pointers. This can be 1174 helpful when debugging RCU usage. Please note that this feature 1175 is not intended to enforce code cleanliness; it is instead merely 1176 a debugging aid. 1177 1178 Say Y to make sparse flag questionable use of RCU-protected pointers 1179 1180 Say N if you are unsure. 1181 1182 config TORTURE_TEST 1183 tristate 1184 default n 1185 1186 config RCU_TORTURE_TEST 1187 tristate "torture tests for RCU" 1188 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1189 select TORTURE_TEST 1190 default n 1191 help 1192 This option provides a kernel module that runs torture tests 1193 on the RCU infrastructure. The kernel module may be built 1194 after the fact on the running kernel to be tested, if desired. 1195 1196 Say Y here if you want RCU torture tests to be built into 1197 the kernel. 1198 Say M if you want the RCU torture tests to build as a module. 1199 Say N if you are unsure. 1200 1201 config RCU_TORTURE_TEST_RUNNABLE 1202 bool "torture tests for RCU runnable by default" 1203 depends on RCU_TORTURE_TEST = y 1204 default n 1205 help 1206 This option provides a way to build the RCU torture tests 1207 directly into the kernel without them starting up at boot 1208 time. You can use /proc/sys/kernel/rcutorture_runnable 1209 to manually override this setting. This /proc file is 1210 available only when the RCU torture tests have been built 1211 into the kernel. 1212 1213 Say Y here if you want the RCU torture tests to start during 1214 boot (you probably don't). 1215 Say N here if you want the RCU torture tests to start only 1216 after being manually enabled via /proc. 1217 1218 config RCU_CPU_STALL_TIMEOUT 1219 int "RCU CPU stall timeout in seconds" 1220 depends on RCU_STALL_COMMON 1221 range 3 300 1222 default 21 1223 help 1224 If a given RCU grace period extends more than the specified 1225 number of seconds, a CPU stall warning is printed. If the 1226 RCU grace period persists, additional CPU stall warnings are 1227 printed at more widely spaced intervals. 1228 1229 config RCU_CPU_STALL_VERBOSE 1230 bool "Print additional per-task information for RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR" 1231 depends on TREE_PREEMPT_RCU 1232 default y 1233 help 1234 This option causes RCU to printk detailed per-task information 1235 for any tasks that are stalling the current RCU grace period. 1236 1237 Say N if you are unsure. 1238 1239 Say Y if you want to enable such checks. 1240 1241 config RCU_CPU_STALL_INFO 1242 bool "Print additional diagnostics on RCU CPU stall" 1243 depends on (TREE_RCU || TREE_PREEMPT_RCU) && DEBUG_KERNEL 1244 default n 1245 help 1246 For each stalled CPU that is aware of the current RCU grace 1247 period, print out additional per-CPU diagnostic information 1248 regarding scheduling-clock ticks, idle state, and, 1249 for RCU_FAST_NO_HZ kernels, idle-entry state. 1250 1251 Say N if you are unsure. 1252 1253 Say Y if you want to enable such diagnostics. 1254 1255 config RCU_TRACE 1256 bool "Enable tracing for RCU" 1257 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1258 select TRACE_CLOCK 1259 help 1260 This option provides tracing in RCU which presents stats 1261 in debugfs for debugging RCU implementation. 1262 1263 Say Y here if you want to enable RCU tracing 1264 Say N if you are unsure. 1265 1266 endmenu # "RCU Debugging" 1267 1268 config DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT 1269 bool "Force extended block device numbers and spread them" 1270 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1271 depends on BLOCK 1272 default n 1273 help 1274 BIG FAT WARNING: ENABLING THIS OPTION MIGHT BREAK BOOTING ON 1275 SOME DISTRIBUTIONS. DO NOT ENABLE THIS UNLESS YOU KNOW WHAT 1276 YOU ARE DOING. Distros, please enable this and fix whatever 1277 is broken. 1278 1279 Conventionally, block device numbers are allocated from 1280 predetermined contiguous area. However, extended block area 1281 may introduce non-contiguous block device numbers. This 1282 option forces most block device numbers to be allocated from 1283 the extended space and spreads them to discover kernel or 1284 userland code paths which assume predetermined contiguous 1285 device number allocation. 1286 1287 Note that turning on this debug option shuffles all the 1288 device numbers for all IDE and SCSI devices including libata 1289 ones, so root partition specified using device number 1290 directly (via rdev or root=MAJ:MIN) won't work anymore. 1291 Textual device names (root=/dev/sdXn) will continue to work. 1292 1293 Say N if you are unsure. 1294 1295 config NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION 1296 tristate "Notifier error injection" 1297 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1298 select DEBUG_FS 1299 help 1300 This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to 1301 specified notifier chain callbacks. It is useful to test the error 1302 handling of notifier call chain failures. 1303 1304 Say N if unsure. 1305 1306 config CPU_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT 1307 tristate "CPU notifier error injection module" 1308 depends on HOTPLUG_CPU && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION 1309 help 1310 This option provides a kernel module that can be used to test 1311 the error handling of the cpu notifiers by injecting artificial 1312 errors to CPU notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through 1313 debugfs interface under /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/cpu 1314 1315 If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events 1316 notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error". 1317 1318 Example: Inject CPU offline error (-1 == -EPERM) 1319 1320 # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/cpu 1321 # echo -1 > actions/CPU_DOWN_PREPARE/error 1322 # echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online 1323 bash: echo: write error: Operation not permitted 1324 1325 To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will 1326 be called cpu-notifier-error-inject. 1327 1328 If unsure, say N. 1329 1330 config PM_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT 1331 tristate "PM notifier error injection module" 1332 depends on PM && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION 1333 default m if PM_DEBUG 1334 help 1335 This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to 1336 PM notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled through debugfs 1337 interface /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm 1338 1339 If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events 1340 notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error". 1341 1342 Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM) 1343 1344 # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/ 1345 # echo -12 > actions/PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE/error 1346 # echo mem > /sys/power/state 1347 bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory 1348 1349 To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will 1350 be called pm-notifier-error-inject. 1351 1352 If unsure, say N. 1353 1354 config OF_RECONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT 1355 tristate "OF reconfig notifier error injection module" 1356 depends on OF_DYNAMIC && NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION 1357 help 1358 This option provides the ability to inject artificial errors to 1359 OF reconfig notifier chain callbacks. It is controlled 1360 through debugfs interface under 1361 /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/OF-reconfig/ 1362 1363 If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events 1364 notified, write the error code to "actions/<notifier event>/error". 1365 1366 To compile this code as a module, choose M here: the module will 1367 be called of-reconfig-notifier-error-inject. 1368 1369 If unsure, say N. 1370 1371 config FAULT_INJECTION 1372 bool "Fault-injection framework" 1373 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1374 help 1375 Provide fault-injection framework. 1376 For more details, see Documentation/fault-injection/. 1377 1378 config FAILSLAB 1379 bool "Fault-injection capability for kmalloc" 1380 depends on FAULT_INJECTION 1381 depends on SLAB || SLUB 1382 help 1383 Provide fault-injection capability for kmalloc. 1384 1385 config FAIL_PAGE_ALLOC 1386 bool "Fault-injection capabilitiy for alloc_pages()" 1387 depends on FAULT_INJECTION 1388 help 1389 Provide fault-injection capability for alloc_pages(). 1390 1391 config FAIL_MAKE_REQUEST 1392 bool "Fault-injection capability for disk IO" 1393 depends on FAULT_INJECTION && BLOCK 1394 help 1395 Provide fault-injection capability for disk IO. 1396 1397 config FAIL_IO_TIMEOUT 1398 bool "Fault-injection capability for faking disk interrupts" 1399 depends on FAULT_INJECTION && BLOCK 1400 help 1401 Provide fault-injection capability on end IO handling. This 1402 will make the block layer "forget" an interrupt as configured, 1403 thus exercising the error handling. 1404 1405 Only works with drivers that use the generic timeout handling, 1406 for others it wont do anything. 1407 1408 config FAIL_MMC_REQUEST 1409 bool "Fault-injection capability for MMC IO" 1410 select DEBUG_FS 1411 depends on FAULT_INJECTION && MMC 1412 help 1413 Provide fault-injection capability for MMC IO. 1414 This will make the mmc core return data errors. This is 1415 useful to test the error handling in the mmc block device 1416 and to test how the mmc host driver handles retries from 1417 the block device. 1418 1419 config FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS 1420 bool "Debugfs entries for fault-injection capabilities" 1421 depends on FAULT_INJECTION && SYSFS && DEBUG_FS 1422 help 1423 Enable configuration of fault-injection capabilities via debugfs. 1424 1425 config FAULT_INJECTION_STACKTRACE_FILTER 1426 bool "stacktrace filter for fault-injection capabilities" 1427 depends on FAULT_INJECTION_DEBUG_FS && STACKTRACE_SUPPORT 1428 depends on !X86_64 1429 select STACKTRACE 1430 select FRAME_POINTER if !MIPS && !PPC && !S390 && !MICROBLAZE && !ARM_UNWIND && !ARC && !SCORE 1431 help 1432 Provide stacktrace filter for fault-injection capabilities 1433 1434 config LATENCYTOP 1435 bool "Latency measuring infrastructure" 1436 depends on HAVE_LATENCYTOP_SUPPORT 1437 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1438 depends on STACKTRACE_SUPPORT 1439 depends on PROC_FS 1440 select FRAME_POINTER if !MIPS && !PPC && !S390 && !MICROBLAZE && !ARM_UNWIND && !ARC 1441 select KALLSYMS 1442 select KALLSYMS_ALL 1443 select STACKTRACE 1444 select SCHEDSTATS 1445 select SCHED_DEBUG 1446 help 1447 Enable this option if you want to use the LatencyTOP tool 1448 to find out which userspace is blocking on what kernel operations. 1449 1450 config ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_STRICT_USER_COPY_CHECKS 1451 bool 1452 1453 config DEBUG_STRICT_USER_COPY_CHECKS 1454 bool "Strict user copy size checks" 1455 depends on ARCH_HAS_DEBUG_STRICT_USER_COPY_CHECKS 1456 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && !TRACE_BRANCH_PROFILING 1457 help 1458 Enabling this option turns a certain set of sanity checks for user 1459 copy operations into compile time failures. 1460 1461 The copy_from_user() etc checks are there to help test if there 1462 are sufficient security checks on the length argument of 1463 the copy operation, by having gcc prove that the argument is 1464 within bounds. 1465 1466 If unsure, say N. 1467 1468 source kernel/trace/Kconfig 1469 1470 menu "Runtime Testing" 1471 1472 config LKDTM 1473 tristate "Linux Kernel Dump Test Tool Module" 1474 depends on DEBUG_FS 1475 depends on BLOCK 1476 default n 1477 help 1478 This module enables testing of the different dumping mechanisms by 1479 inducing system failures at predefined crash points. 1480 If you don't need it: say N 1481 Choose M here to compile this code as a module. The module will be 1482 called lkdtm. 1483 1484 Documentation on how to use the module can be found in 1485 Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt 1486 1487 config TEST_LIST_SORT 1488 bool "Linked list sorting test" 1489 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1490 help 1491 Enable this to turn on 'list_sort()' function test. This test is 1492 executed only once during system boot, so affects only boot time. 1493 1494 If unsure, say N. 1495 1496 config KPROBES_SANITY_TEST 1497 bool "Kprobes sanity tests" 1498 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1499 depends on KPROBES 1500 default n 1501 help 1502 This option provides for testing basic kprobes functionality on 1503 boot. A sample kprobe, jprobe and kretprobe are inserted and 1504 verified for functionality. 1505 1506 Say N if you are unsure. 1507 1508 config BACKTRACE_SELF_TEST 1509 tristate "Self test for the backtrace code" 1510 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1511 default n 1512 help 1513 This option provides a kernel module that can be used to test 1514 the kernel stack backtrace code. This option is not useful 1515 for distributions or general kernels, but only for kernel 1516 developers working on architecture code. 1517 1518 Note that if you want to also test saved backtraces, you will 1519 have to enable STACKTRACE as well. 1520 1521 Say N if you are unsure. 1522 1523 config RBTREE_TEST 1524 tristate "Red-Black tree test" 1525 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL 1526 help 1527 A benchmark measuring the performance of the rbtree library. 1528 Also includes rbtree invariant checks. 1529 1530 config INTERVAL_TREE_TEST 1531 tristate "Interval tree test" 1532 depends on m && DEBUG_KERNEL 1533 select INTERVAL_TREE 1534 help 1535 A benchmark measuring the performance of the interval tree library 1536 1537 config PERCPU_TEST 1538 tristate "Per cpu operations test" 1539 depends on m && DEBUG_KERNEL 1540 help 1541 Enable this option to build test module which validates per-cpu 1542 operations. 1543 1544 If unsure, say N. 1545 1546 config ATOMIC64_SELFTEST 1547 bool "Perform an atomic64_t self-test at boot" 1548 help 1549 Enable this option to test the atomic64_t functions at boot. 1550 1551 If unsure, say N. 1552 1553 config ASYNC_RAID6_TEST 1554 tristate "Self test for hardware accelerated raid6 recovery" 1555 depends on ASYNC_RAID6_RECOV 1556 select ASYNC_MEMCPY 1557 ---help--- 1558 This is a one-shot self test that permutes through the 1559 recovery of all the possible two disk failure scenarios for a 1560 N-disk array. Recovery is performed with the asynchronous 1561 raid6 recovery routines, and will optionally use an offload 1562 engine if one is available. 1563 1564 If unsure, say N. 1565 1566 config TEST_STRING_HELPERS 1567 tristate "Test functions located in the string_helpers module at runtime" 1568 1569 config TEST_KSTRTOX 1570 tristate "Test kstrto*() family of functions at runtime" 1571 1572 config TEST_RHASHTABLE 1573 bool "Perform selftest on resizable hash table" 1574 default n 1575 help 1576 Enable this option to test the rhashtable functions at boot. 1577 1578 If unsure, say N. 1579 1580 endmenu # runtime tests 1581 1582 config PROVIDE_OHCI1394_DMA_INIT 1583 bool "Remote debugging over FireWire early on boot" 1584 depends on PCI && X86 1585 help 1586 If you want to debug problems which hang or crash the kernel early 1587 on boot and the crashing machine has a FireWire port, you can use 1588 this feature to remotely access the memory of the crashed machine 1589 over FireWire. This employs remote DMA as part of the OHCI1394 1590 specification which is now the standard for FireWire controllers. 1591 1592 With remote DMA, you can monitor the printk buffer remotely using 1593 firescope and access all memory below 4GB using fireproxy from gdb. 1594 Even controlling a kernel debugger is possible using remote DMA. 1595 1596 Usage: 1597 1598 If ohci1394_dma=early is used as boot parameter, it will initialize 1599 all OHCI1394 controllers which are found in the PCI config space. 1600 1601 As all changes to the FireWire bus such as enabling and disabling 1602 devices cause a bus reset and thereby disable remote DMA for all 1603 devices, be sure to have the cable plugged and FireWire enabled on 1604 the debugging host before booting the debug target for debugging. 1605 1606 This code (~1k) is freed after boot. By then, the firewire stack 1607 in charge of the OHCI-1394 controllers should be used instead. 1608 1609 See Documentation/debugging-via-ohci1394.txt for more information. 1610 1611 config BUILD_DOCSRC 1612 bool "Build targets in Documentation/ tree" 1613 depends on HEADERS_CHECK 1614 help 1615 This option attempts to build objects from the source files in the 1616 kernel Documentation/ tree. 1617 1618 Say N if you are unsure. 1619 1620 config DMA_API_DEBUG 1621 bool "Enable debugging of DMA-API usage" 1622 depends on HAVE_DMA_API_DEBUG 1623 help 1624 Enable this option to debug the use of the DMA API by device drivers. 1625 With this option you will be able to detect common bugs in device 1626 drivers like double-freeing of DMA mappings or freeing mappings that 1627 were never allocated. 1628 1629 This also attempts to catch cases where a page owned by DMA is 1630 accessed by the cpu in a way that could cause data corruption. For 1631 example, this enables cow_user_page() to check that the source page is 1632 not undergoing DMA. 1633 1634 This option causes a performance degradation. Use only if you want to 1635 debug device drivers and dma interactions. 1636 1637 If unsure, say N. 1638 1639 config TEST_MODULE 1640 tristate "Test module loading with 'hello world' module" 1641 default n 1642 depends on m 1643 help 1644 This builds the "test_module" module that emits "Hello, world" 1645 on printk when loaded. It is designed to be used for basic 1646 evaluation of the module loading subsystem (for example when 1647 validating module verification). It lacks any extra dependencies, 1648 and will not normally be loaded by the system unless explicitly 1649 requested by name. 1650 1651 If unsure, say N. 1652 1653 config TEST_USER_COPY 1654 tristate "Test user/kernel boundary protections" 1655 default n 1656 depends on m 1657 help 1658 This builds the "test_user_copy" module that runs sanity checks 1659 on the copy_to/from_user infrastructure, making sure basic 1660 user/kernel boundary testing is working. If it fails to load, 1661 a regression has been detected in the user/kernel memory boundary 1662 protections. 1663 1664 If unsure, say N. 1665 1666 config TEST_BPF 1667 tristate "Test BPF filter functionality" 1668 default n 1669 depends on m && NET 1670 help 1671 This builds the "test_bpf" module that runs various test vectors 1672 against the BPF interpreter or BPF JIT compiler depending on the 1673 current setting. This is in particular useful for BPF JIT compiler 1674 development, but also to run regression tests against changes in 1675 the interpreter code. 1676 1677 If unsure, say N. 1678 1679 config TEST_FIRMWARE 1680 tristate "Test firmware loading via userspace interface" 1681 default n 1682 depends on FW_LOADER 1683 help 1684 This builds the "test_firmware" module that creates a userspace 1685 interface for testing firmware loading. This can be used to 1686 control the triggering of firmware loading without needing an 1687 actual firmware-using device. The contents can be rechecked by 1688 userspace. 1689 1690 If unsure, say N. 1691 1692 config TEST_UDELAY 1693 tristate "udelay test driver" 1694 default n 1695 help 1696 This builds the "udelay_test" module that helps to make sure 1697 that udelay() is working properly. 1698 1699 If unsure, say N. 1700 1701 source "samples/Kconfig" 1702 1703 source "lib/Kconfig.kgdb" 1704
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text:
Word: chiffoniers
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by Google Translate English translation:
chiffoniers = dressers
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Market Indicators: The Best-Kept Secret to More Effective Trading and Investing (Google eBook)
John Wiley & Sons, May 20, 2010 - Business & Economics - 256 pages
A smart trader needs to know what other traders are thinking and doing. Professional traders and investors use a wide range of indicators—some well-known, some not so well-known—to gauge the state of the market.
Market Indicators introduces the many key indicators used by professional traders and investors every day. Having stood the test of time, these indicators will alert the trader to market situations that offer the best chance to trade profitably.
Richard Sipley is a portfolio manager for Boston Private Bank and Trust Company, responsible for trading millions of dollars of assets. Sipley uses these indicators every day in his trading and investing, and he draws on that experience to explain what they are, how they work, and how to use them.
What people are saying - Write a review
LibraryThing ReviewUser Review - buchowl - LibraryThing
Excellent! A treasure trove of investing ideas for those who want to make up their own minds rather than waiting for someone to do it for them. To be clear, the book is about the why of investing not ... Read full review
Selected pages
Part II Considering the Human Element
Part III Following the Smart Money
Common terms and phrases
50-day moving average analyst Apr Jul Oct assets bear market bearish Bespoke Investment Group blog Bloomberg Bollinger Bands bond Buffett bull market bullish buyback Chart courtesy com commercial traders commodity company's con Confidence Index contracts courtesy of StockCharts.com decline earnings earnings yield economy executives Fed model Figure firm's firms forecast future futures contract Google hedge funds implied volatility indicators insider insider trading institutional investors investment bank long-term look Lowry's mar market tops million months moving average mutual funds Nasdaq offer options outlook per percent portfolio managers positions private equity profits put/call ratio rates reading returns risk Robert Shiller sector sell sell-off shares short sellers short-term shows signal Source spikes stock market stock price StockCharts.com http://stockcharts.com suggests there's track trends typically volatility volume Wall Street Warren Buffett yield curve


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|Boxing Champions | Boxing Schedule | Boxing Video | Boxing History | Pound For Pound | Lounge | The Wire | Audio | Arcade
Big Bad Booty Daddy
Join Date: Sep 2003
Location: New York
Posts: 20,612
Rep Power: 200000
Points: 2,502,092,873,106.09
Bank: 0.00
Total Points: 2,502,092,873,106.09
Comments Thread For: Garcia Clan Confident as Salido Showdown Nears
Featherweight contender Mikey Garcia is training for the fight of his life. The unbeaten boxer challenges Orlando "Siri" Salido (39-11-1, 27KO) for the WBO's featherweight championship on January 19th at the Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York.
"I am aware that I will be fighting the best featherweight champion of the world and, therefore I am working harder than ever. I know I have to be 100% to beat Orlando Salido," explained Garcia (30-0, 26KO). "Salido has proven that he's the best with facts and wins, but I have the ability, strength and experience to win and I will prove that on the 19th in New York.
[Click Here To Read More]
Pac smashed my mom
Join Date: Jan 2010
Posts: 5,843
Rep Power: 0
Points: 10,005,112,366.18
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Total Points: 10,005,112,366.18
i will enjoy this fight.
Interim Champion
Join Date: Dec 2012
Location: Nottingham, UK
Posts: 552
Rep Power: 5
Points: 304,785,000,428,553.00
Bank: 154,463,955,764,205.44
Total Points: 459,248,956,192,758.38
Garcia is the one too watch, with the amount of knowledge his brother holds. He can really go places hopefully, with the stuff he learnt from valero and pacquiao and his family in general he will be a gem for boxing.
Undisputed Champion
Join Date: Jan 2012
Posts: 2,004
Rep Power: 7
Points: 10,033,477.11
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Total Points: 10,033,477.11
> Garcia clan
> 2013
> No mention of Danny Garcia
Undisputed Champion
Join Date: Apr 2008
Location: WORLDWIDE
Age: 34
Posts: 1,595
Rep Power: 12
Points: 1,000,000,002,560.61
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Total Points: 1,002,635,071,404.54
This will be a great fight! If Garcia can stick to the plan and utilze his boxing movement/IQ he can pull of a close win. If he ends up trading with Salido....Zzzzzzz zzzzzz for Garcia!
Undisputed Champion
Join Date: Sep 2006
Age: 34
Posts: 1,008
Rep Power: 11
Points: 38,290.11
Bank: 0.00
Total Points: 38,290.11
A lot a people may think I'm crazy, but I foresee an easy and somewhat brutal knockout for Garcia!
Salido is a very good fighter that does many things right: including cutting off the ring and moving his head. However, there's one thing that he does that I think will cost him in this particular fight. And that's him being wide with his punches. I think Garcia will stay tight and counter-punch him for the ko.
Join Date: Jan 2013
Location: Dallas
Posts: 6
Rep Power: 0
Points: 260.38
Bank: 0.00
Total Points: 260.38
Salido's ring experience and toughness could be enough to win him this fight against the younger opponent. Salido has a good chin and can dish out some hard punishment throughout 12 full rounds. My pick is for "El Siri"
Neck Mohican
Join Date: May 2012
Location: The States
Posts: 5,225
Rep Power: 23
Points: 405,975.79
Bank: 22,112,283,311,116.92
Total Points: 22,112,283,717,092.71
Can't wait to see this fight! I think a very motivated Garcia will get the better of a shop-worn Salido.
Wild Apache
This will be Mikey's coming out party. He's very patient & stays focused. Once he gets the jab pumping he'll control distance & keep Salido right where he wants him. On the outside at the end of his short shots.
Salido is a good fighter. But he's old in boxing years & Mikey is more fundamentally sound than Gamboa & Juanma combined. I expect his classic boxing technique to prevail as Salido gets frustrated in there.
Interim Champion
Join Date: Mar 2006
Age: 43
Posts: 979
Rep Power: 10
Points: 1,001,138,926.85
Bank: 483,502.16
Total Points: 1,001,622,429.01
hmmm, im not convinced by salido.
hes a swinger who had lopezs number, thats it.
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CHARLESTON, W.Va. (AP) - The Obama administration's own experts say proposed new coal mining regulations to protect streams would eliminate thousands of jobs across the country.
The job and production losses are outlined in an Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement document obtained by The Associated Press. The rules are supposed to replace Bush-era regulations.
The OSM has submitted the proposal to big coal producing states for their feedback before it finalizes any new regulations.
The document says protections in the administration's preferred plan would trim production to the point that 9,000 of the nation's estimated 80,600 coal mining jobs would be lost.
(Copyright 2011 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)


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Join Or Renew Today
Join or Renew With AARP for Just $16 a Year
- Discounts on travel and everyday savings
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- A voice in Washington and in your community
- Free membership for your spouse or partner
En español | Subscribe: RSS Search
Posted: 11/23/2012 by Dian Holton | Comments
Yoko Ono, the widow of musician and Beatles icon John Lennon, has embarked on a new career after 79 years of making her mark in art, music, filmmaking and publishing. Ono has entered the world of fashion by launching a menswear collection. She decided to turn her 1969 sketches titled "Fashions for Men," which had been a wedding gift to Lennon, into a book and collection with retail partner Opening Ceremony. The drawings, loosely annotated in the book, were inspired …
Posted: 11/16/2012 by Dian Holton | Comments
A 69-year-old post office worker who renders paintings for silk scarves that retail for over $300? Yep. Recently I stumbled across a Texas Monthly article that profiled Kermit Oliver, "one of the most important living African-American painters" and the "only American artist to design a scarf for Hermès," an ultra-luxury French brand. The introverted Oliver, who still works the graveyard shift at his local Waco, Texas, post office, was first offered the gig in 1980. The president of Hermès' U.S. operations …
Posted: 10/09/2012 by Life Reimagined TODAY | Comments
The following is a post from Kim Sedmak, Executive Producer of AARP's "Your Life Calling TODAY" with Jane Pauley. Earlier this year, both Jane Pauley and our colleagues at TODAY suggested we profile a 50+ model as part of our series. It sounded like an interesting idea to me. However, we could never seem to find someone who had reinvented their life to become a professional model and who also had a substantive story. That was, until we discovered Dawn …
Posted: 10/08/2012 by Dian Holton | Comments
October is officially Breast Cancer Awareness Month and many people are supporting their family, friends and others who have encountered the disease with the purchase of products that align with the cause. With pink being the official color for the cause, many retailers are generating limited edition pieces emblazoned with tints and shades of the hue while also donating all or a portion of the sales to the initiative. Here are a few items worth considering. Scarf Vera Bradley – …
Posted: 09/30/2012 by AARP Caregiving Team | Comments
When iconic fashion designer Diane von Furstenberg, 65, met Google's Sergey Brin at a conference and learned of the Glass by Google eyewear his company designed, it was collaboration at first sight. Von Furstenberg didn't question if a promotional partnership between a fashion brand and Internet company would work. So she inked a deal that allowed her Spring/Summer 2013 creative process to be taped via the glasses and edited into a short film called DVF Through Glass. The glasses, which …
Posted: 09/21/2012 by Dian Holton | Comments
What do Carol Alt, Karen Bjornson, Alva Chinn, and Carmen Dell O'refice have in common? Besides being over 50, they are all legendary models who walked a Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week runway a couple of weeks ago, garnering a lot of press. The woman behind this buzz-worthy moment was none other than Norisol Ferrari, a fierce designer with an impeccable eye for detail and structure. Inspired by sexy icons and powerful women this season, Ferrari sought to make a collection that spoke to both. …
AARP is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization that helps people 50 and older improve the quality of their lives.


text:
Letters to My Daughter: Robert Menzies, Letters, 1955-1975
Heather Henderson
Letters to My Daughter: Robert Menzies, Letters, 1955-1975
Heather Henderson
Robert Menzies remains a towering figure in our political and cultural history. This collection of letters written to his only daughter, Heather, is brimful of warmth, love and humour, and provides a fascinating insight into one of our most influential Australians.
'As prime minister, Menzies strode the stage like a colossus … here he is affectionate paterfamilias, supportive sibling, benevolent uncle.' Sydney Morning Herald
'Menzies was a very accomplished writer and the combination of geniality and acerbity is winning.' The Age
'The letters reveal an articulate and sensitive man who took great care in expressing himself through words. Letters not only provides a deeply personal study into Australia's most successful politician, but opens a window onto a world of politics – indeed a way of life – that no longer exists.' Herald Sun
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Welcome to Tracy's Automotive Tire Pros. We've been in business since 1981, serving customers in Wichita, KS and the surrounding area. Our mission is to provide the highest quality of service in a professional and personal environment. We are someone you could refer your mom to! We offer tires from quality brands like Michelin®, BFGoodrich®, Uniroyal®. The quality of the product is a good match for our business, and we take pride in representing these brands along with the Tracy's Automotive name. You can see tires here.
The service and repair we provide is done by ASE-certified technicians. We're known for full-service oil changes, complete heavy-line repair, including engines, differentials and transmissions. We offer diagnostics, preventive maintenance and alignments.
We have high standards! We feel the product and service we provide are among the best in the industry. We take a lot of pride in taking care of you, our customer. after you have purchased from us. We treat you the way we'd like to be treated when we do business ourselves. Our services are warrantied at over 30,000 locations nationwide, so if you ever have an issue, you will be taken care of. There's really no one else who can offer that kind of warranty.
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An anonymous Lendler requested it 24 weeks ago
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tina.w.23 thanked gemstar1016 for lending Tiger (New Species Book 7) 24 weeks ago
gemstar1016 owns it. 24 weeks ago
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Southerngirl thanked ratherbereading for lending Tiger (New Species Book 7) 45 weeks ago
Angel Smith added a soundbite 45 weeks ago
One of my favorites in the New Species series!!!
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ratherbereading owns it. 45 weeks ago
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pmack owns it. 51 weeks ago
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Angel Smith added a soundbite 45 weeks ago
One of my favorites in the New Species series!!!
Angel Smith added a soundbite 1 year ago
loved it... one of my favorites!!!
Lore9510 added a soundbite 2 years ago
Zandy and Tiger can't keep their hands off each other. I need a New Species male pleeeease?
thea.smith09 added a soundbite 2 years ago
Tiger was fine! Laurann Dohner are there more books in this series? Hope so.
Book 7 in the New Species series.
Zandy's had too much to drink and is in the wrong place at the wrong time. She knows she's going to die. When next her eyes open, a beautiful man-creature is holding her in his arms. He's just too tempting to resist; her very own fallen angel. She wraps herself around his body, determined to have him. But when this angel turns out to be flesh and blood, reality crashes in—she's seducing a New Species.
Tiger's shock quickly turns to intense passion when the human female kisses him, despite the fact she's trying to get his clothes off while he's engaged in a task force operation. He's also made it clear he'll never take a mate. Rather difficult when he and Zandy can't keep their hands off each other. The taste and feel of his little human just leaves Tiger wanting more.
Publisher's Note: While each New Species book is a standalone, the greatest enjoyment will come from reading them in series order.
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December 23, 2013 at 11:09 AM
Smart Monday/People
By James Glover
Once a Day Marketing
James Glover, That Branding Guy, provides the inspiration and ideas for you to build more mindshare and capture marketshare with your customers in his Once a Day Marketing blog. Tune in often to his short, entertaining and practical marketing and branding tips and watch your organization become more successful and profitable.
Once a Day Marketing™ featured video blog: Happy Holiday from Once a Day Marketing
Hello, I'm Jim Glover, That Branding Guy, for Once a Day Marketing™. Today is Smart Monday and we are starting the week by wishing you a happy holiday.
You've worked hard to enhance your brand during the year, great job. You deserve to pause for a moment and reflect on your branding accomplishments.
We thank you for following our daily blog tobuild your branding and marketing knowledge, strategy and tactics. We hope through Once a Day Marketing you are more inspired to brand and market every day.
Be sure to follow our blogs next year. We promise to continue to provide the information you need to develop your brand, capture mindshare and earn more market share. From all of us at Once a Day Marketing, have a great new branding year.
Once a Day Marketing™ positions brands to become #1 in the minds of target customers. Visit our website at www.onceadaymarketing.com. Contact James Glover at (505) 501-1330 or email firstname.lastname@example.com. Listen to Ask Those Branding Guys™ every Monday at 11:00am (MST) streaming live on SantaFe.com KVSF 101.5 FM.
© 2013 Once a Day Marketing™. All rights reserved.


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Sources: Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt to Wed in France, Move to Englandby Free Britney at . Comments
Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie plan to tie the knot at last at their sprawling estate in France this summer, then move to England for at least two years, reports say.
While the newly-engaged couple says there is no date planned for their nuptials, the New York Post says they've spent the last six months planning them.
The plan, allegedly, is to hold a lavish wedding ceremony at their manse near the village of Correns, in the south of France, London's Daily Star adds.
The engaged Brangelina will reportedly exchange vows in a pre-Roman chapel on the grounds before 200-300 guests, many of them Hollywood elites.
Pals George Clooney, Matt Damon, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Jacqueline Bisset and her once-estranged father Jon Voight are expected to be on hand.
"They have been quietly preparing for one of the most glamorous show-business weddings of all time for months," a close friend of the couple said.
"I've seen their chateau; it is one of the most romantic settings imaginable."
As soon as the Brad-Angelina engagement news spread, locals began buzzing about "Le Mariage de Monsieur et Madame Smith," a takeoff on Mr. and Mrs. Smith.It seems like forever ago that Jolie caused an outcry after admitting she and Pitt fell in love during that flick, when he was still married to Jennifer Aniston.
Jen is reportedly happy for the couple, if you believe what you read.
All a distant memory now, in any case, as the couple and their six kids are set to spend at least two years making their home just outside London.
Jolie is planning to shoot her next three movies in the United Kingdom, according to The Sun, including one that may co-star soon-to-be-husband Pitt.
The two also are eager to be near London for the Summer Olympics and believe their kids will benefit from the immersion in UK culture, sources said.
"They loved it when they were in the UK last year," a source said. "They like the culture and are happy for their children to receive schooling here."
Will Brad and Angelina last?
i still believe it will be a LONG engagement....and i think, if it happens before EVERYONE has the RIGHT to marry, their simply doing it to MAKE their kids happy....and that's never a GOOD enough reason to get married....it can fall apart....if their HAPPY as they are, WHY ruine it by getting married. alisa ps: to those asking WHO CARES?....you MUST have, because you clicked on the link and commented.
AJolie's face work is not good. Looks like she has implants in her cheeks and chin and her face is really stretched tight - not a pretty sight. who cares what they do? I do not think any Hollywood relationship last forever - especially when you have the money to start over again in a heartbeat. I think her face looks terrible and she is anorexic - keep you arms and legs and chest covered - please.
I wouldn`t believe till i saw the photos of them getting married.
These rumors of them getting married have been going on for years now!
Frankly I don't give a damn because this will end up in disaster because they are free to move around without having to get married but for the children they should have gotten married a very long time ago.
Suite. ...I mean sweet. I think their relationship is partly-open with a chance of psychotic meltdown, but I wish the best for them. They're cool people. :D
has anyone seen hoe hideous the ring is?
The two of them needs to be sittle for the sake of their children, coz their kids are growing so fast ,and they wants their parents looks happy and so the kids...Bran & Angie are in love to each other, but they just both so busy of their own career making differents movie's
That woman is crazy. And you can only hide crazy for so long. At least when Brad does something charitable, it's the folks right here in the US of A that benefit. Him, I have respect for, her...not so much.
Who cares what these two people do? Go away forever. Move to England. We won't miss you. Who cares? (Poor England)
what happen to what Brad said,'' we will not marry until everyone can get married'' Talking about gays. Can not stand these two people and I am sick of hearing about them, I am a firm believer of ''ONCE A CHEATER, ALWAYS A CHEATER!!!


text:
Does it not show your elo next to your name on friend's list/lobby for 3v3 even if you ranked? Could Riot please change this?
© 2014 Riot Games, Inc. All rights reserved. Riot Games, League of Legends and PvP.net are trademarks, services marks, or registered trademarks of Riot Games, Inc.


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Board of Regents to discuss boosting enrollment
Updated On: Nov 18 2013 06:37:43 PM MST
The state Board of Regents is meeting in Bozeman later this week in part to discuss ways to increase enrollment and graduation rates.
During the meeting Thursday and Friday, regents are expected to give Montana State University authorization to spend $60 million to build a new residence hall and improve the dining halls at three other dorms. MSU also is seeking $10 million in short-term bonds to complete the new College of Business building, which would be repaid over five years with donations from MSU alumni Jake Jabs.
Regents are also scheduled to discuss the Complete College Montana program, which seeks to increase the number of Montanans' with a college degree or certificate from 40 percent to 60 percent and ties some state funding to student progress.
Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Just wanted to drop you a quick note to say thank you for the excellent service I've had, my Read More ->
I didn't trust MJM before I tested them by buying 1 item with their free shipping. They did a perfect job. Now I have bought tons of stuff! Customer...Read More ->


text:
This user-friendly software is enhanced with advanced 'File Preview' with support for almost all file types more...
What's New
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10 Reasons We Love Volume This Summer
The hot and humid weather outside may not seem like it's suited for a great hair daybut you'd be wrong. Why not embrace curls, volume and height this summer instead trying to fight them? We think these 10 famous faces (and their gorgeous heads of hair) will be enough to convince you.
By Abby Gardner
Amy Adams
If you've got a formal event to attend, use Amy's full Veronica Lake waves as inspiration. They're a great pulled-together take on the trend.
Getty Images


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What's better than watching the Miami Heat battle for its third consecutive NBA title? Sharing that experience with Heat fans just as passionate about the team as you, while at the same time getting the best possible up-to-the-dribble coverage all in the same place -- that's what. All you have to do ... More >>
Pretty Lights With 12th Planet, Sounduo and SuperVision Fillmore Miami Beach Tuesday, October 2, 2012 Better Than: Pretty Lights has ever been. The man known as Pretty Lights puts on one hell of a show. He's really gotta bring it with that kinda name. And he definitely lives up to the hype. The F ... More >>
Beyond all the hype, there's a reason the UK's Crosstown Rebels is currently the most lauded underground electronic dance music label in the world -- number one on Resident Advisor's prestigious poll. The label takes chances on artists of substance, with authentic voices and stories to tell -- timel ... More >>
Headlined by the Black Keys, Radiohead, and west coast rap superstars Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg, Coachella's back-to-back weekend stint at Indio, California's Empire Polo Ground kicks off tomorrow. While the festival will inevitably produce memorable moments, few will top the resurrection of Nate Dog ... More >>
When we mentioned SBTRKT (pronounced subtract) in our list of of ten most exciting acts at Ultra Music Festival, we were being dead serious. The British musician is often pigeonholed as post-dubstep. But in reality, he carefully navigates EDM genres, splicing disparate styles and influences lik ... More >>
Meet Brass Knuckles, a three-man production team that moonlights as a live electronic band. Repping the 305 to the fullest, Danny D'Brito, Tony Livadas, and Anthony Pisano have played all the biggest venues while also producing their own reoccurring party, Electrik Circus, at Grand Central. Over th ... More >>
Immortal Technique (AKA Felipe Andres Coronel), the politically outspoken Peruvian-American hip-hop artist, gave Occupy Miami a shout out at his Grand Central show on Tuesday night. He announced that he'd be making an afternoon visit the next day to the campsite where protesters have been living ... More >>
Forward Motion Records CEO and Dreaming in Stereo frontman Fernando Perdomo is one of the hardest working dudes in Miami. He's a passionate guy, "one of Miami music's biggest cheerleaders," and a social media addict. Last month, Perdomo digitally released Forward Motion Records Live, a compilat ... More >>
We don't have enough live music in Miami. We just don't. So when a band like Stokeswood decides to make its second home in the Magic City, we get a little giddy. Originally from Georgia, the electro-acoustic band will be playing at The Stage this Saturday as part of Soul Fest. Tingling with e ... More >>
One of Miami's honest citizensYesterday, Honest Tea, purveyor of a variety of organic beverages, set out to test the honesty of citizens in America's biggest cities. Their plan? By setting up pop-up "stores" selling their products for a buck, with no cashier to be found. Instead, box marked "pay ... More >>
via myspace.com/pauloakenfoldWe always have to wait till Ultra or WMC to catch a glimpse of Paul Oakenfold in action. While we appreciate the Brit coming down to visit us every March, once a year just isn't enough. Confession: Oakenfold was this humble reviewer's gateway drug into the world of ... More >>
The latest in a slew of legendary artist collaborations comes courtesy of founding Smiths member Johnny Marr. The guitarist was one of the main influences of the the Stone Roses, Oasis, and then some, and no less than Radiohead guitarist Ed O'Brien has even been cited as saying Marr is the reason ... More >>
Art BattlesWith an acoustic set by AlukardEazy Street Gallery, MiamiSaturday, February 27, 2010Photo by Christine BorgesJulie Friel's winning paintingBetter Than: Watching The Joy of Painting with Bob Ross on PBS. The Review:Art Battles started nine years ago as a one-off event for prom ... More >>
A veteran outfit makes its most ambitious record yet.
Michael Jackson dies and all of a sudden he's the greatest entertainer of all time. Not so fast. MJ made three great albums, invented the moonwalk and, well.... Let us take another look at the performers who have truly proved most thrilling over the years.1. Elvis Presley Michael Jackson may have du ... More >>
Tom Wilco Nabedi Osorio (left) and Steph Taylor of The State OfSno Cones, The State Of, AfrobetaFriday, July 17, 2009Propaganda, Lake Worth Better Than: The metal show I saw later Friday night at the Poorhouse. The Review: XX-chromosomes and some serious musical variety ruled the night Fri ... More >>
You know her as lead singer and all-around knockout for "Brechtian punk cabaret act" The Dresden Dolls. But now you're gonna to get to know her even better. See, she's got a new record out, her own, a new producer twiddling the nobs, and a nifty tie-in with one of the craftiest storytellers alive. B ... More >>
This one deserves to be debated for awhile. In a somewhat shocking proclamation, Spin Magazine, recently named current Miami resident Lil Wayne as Rock Star of the Year. It's a nice gesture but you've got to wonder if he's really earned it?Before everyone jumps and curses Spin for trying to stir up ... More >>
Daft Punk tried to warn us. With the U.S. economy tanking, we can't help but to feel a little pessimistic about our future. We reverted to our inner 15-year-old, which happened to grow up in the go-go '90s of excess and wealth (a.k.a. the Clinton years), and decide to make a mixtape of the songs th ... More >>
He's got your Money $hot.
To Serve with Love (Om Hip Hop)
Ghosts I-IV (The Null Corporation)
Ten reasons Ween is better than your favorite band.
An epic gusher, There Will Be Blood strikes oil, and then some.
Post-hardcore giant Thrice deconstructs nature on The Alchemy Index.
BY ANDY VIHSTADT E=CD^2 The Eels are kicking off 2008 time-capsule style. Along with the Essential Eels Vol. 1 2CD/DVD greatest hits collection, the band will releasing Useless Trinkets (also 2CD/DVD), an all-inclusive anthology of B-sides and rarities that makes the cache of import singles I' ... More >>
Duncan Sheik w/ Holly Brook September 22, 2007 The Theatre, West Palm Beach Better than: MTV Unplugged The Review: Politically charged lyrics that are shrouded in double entendres, Buddhist sensibilities and laid-bare songwriting are the hallmarks of a Duncan Sheik semi-acoustic show. Known f ... More >>
The barely legal members of Orlando's Band Marino are already making pop music for the ages
Weird sounds, hot bodies, music of chance, and a dance of life
Discussing Bloc Party's anthemic dance rock, you gotta get deep
The Secret Machines ride a wave of good press; can record sales be far behind?
Divididos muses on Zen and the art of rock and roll maintenance
There's a place for everyone in Piccadilly Garden
The pleasures of PopLife
24 has been the most talked-about show of the season and for all the wrong reasons
Baz Luhrmann makes movies--and audiences--in his own image
Badlands: A Tribute to Bruce Springsteen's Nebraska (Sub Pop)