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It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!
If you missed the 17th Annual EGGtoberfest here are the highlights Click Here
I don't do Chinese lettering tattoos anymore. I got one on my upper arm that was supposed to say "Born To Ride", but after I got it, a Chinese friend of mine said it reads "Beef With Broccoli". :((
I hear that the Mandarin translation is difficult. I would avoid Chinese characters.
How about the tattoo that BB King's wife got when he was out on the road traveling?nolaegghead said:Reminds me of the MIT tattoo joke ;)Mickey,Mickey said:When I ask where, I don't mean Houston area but where on Gary is the tattoo? I want one as well and would better if we got them alike.I don't think the location would work for you. For you, maybe the letters "MG". On mine, I want it to say "Mangrates", but when I get excited, I want it to read "Mangrates, the best darned cast iron grid in the United States".
You should know her. It's your lower back tattoo. It would be weird to put someone you didn't know on there.....like my dale Jr lower back tat. Everyone knows junior. That's what makes it cool.Grace Young. I'd know her anywhere.EDIT: Well, duh. It had her name in the filename. But, I wrote it before I saw it.
I already have one on my lower back. But, I'm trying to have it taken off. I asked the dumb **** to put Bar-B-Que-er on my back, and he put Bar-B-Queer. Everybody laughs at me when I take my shirt off.~X(
Hilarious ! =))The Cen-Tex Smoker said:You could always use Dr. Turlington's Lower back Tattoo Remover:
Dude- that is funny right there.cazzy said:You can get your daily dose from him here.henapple said:I'm really disappointed that Peyton Mangrate won't be in the playoffs anymore.Also, I think Mike McCarthy meant mangrate instead of manhole.
Sure is! I have watched it a few times, and still crack up.The Cen-Tex Smoker said:
@Mickey, Wow, that is a really nice setup, I hope these get used and abused, as they only get better with use. I hope VI's pics are Grate, I also understand they will be coming out with a 1/2 MOON :)Mickey said:
Yond Boomer has a lean and hungry look,Boomer said:@Mickey I'm wondering why they can't begin to use them now? They can get familiar with them and start posting reviews and most importantly, pics. My .02
Boomer said:@Mickey I'm wondering why they can't begin to use them now? They can get familiar with them and start posting reviews and most importantly, pics. My .02
Thanks @billyraybillyray said:
@Eggcelsior After typing @, highlight and control c the whole name, then control v it next to the @ with no space. Like this @The Cen-Tex Smoker
There we go! First time ever.Thanks @billyraybillyray said:
@Eggcelsior After typing @, highlight and control c the whole name, then control v it next to the @ with no space. Like this @The Cen-Tex Smoker@The Cen-Tex Smoker, enjoy the needless mentions.That seems to work!
@Mickey, Is there anyone in Salado or the surrounding areas that wanna take the Mangrates for a test run now that you have them in your hands?
Its almost like having a Bathtub and not using it :(
Can you just try them, Eventhough youre allergic to ci? i promise that nothing will happen to you other than, You'll love them...


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Can you post a link or a screenshot? Is the rectangle an image or something in the css?
Hi all
Ive changed the background on my site to a pale blue but the modules have a white rectangle behind them - how can i make it the same as my page background or transparent?
Can you post a link or a screenshot? Is the rectangle an image or something in the css?
The way the modules are written in the template is through CSS, I suggest you get a copy of firebug and figure out what settings need switching off...
it will most likely be "background-image: xyz" (sysman uses a light transition image at the top of the module boxes)
Kinda Hijacking the thread but I've got a similar problem. I downloaded the Jamba template but I would like to change the colours to something of my choosing. What settings should I be looking for as basically I want to change the modules background colour, but any settings I change dont seem to make any difference.
So if I just want to change the modules background colour, what it the code I should be looking for please?
Penfold look for
In the css files of the template but there are many different module classes in that..moduleS2
So what I recomendyou do is install firefox and the firebug addon. Then use the inspect elements option with it this will list all the css used in that element.
So if you click a module you can see where it's get the background color from.
penfold (10th May 2010)
Thanks, I finally found where it was picking up the colours from. It turns out it was an image rather than a background colour which was why I couldn't find it being set based on the colour code. I changed the colour of the image(a number of which makes up the module) and it worked a treat. I'm not sure if it is the best way to do, it but it might do what I'm after.
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subset: commoncrawl


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We're sorry but you can't collect Welcome Rewards® nights at this hotel
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The Millers Hotel is located in Nuneaton, England, United Kingdom
The Millers Hotel, Sibson near Nuneaton, sits in the Warwickshire Hamlet of Sibson near Nuneaton, Tamworth and Hinckley with easy access via A444, A5 and M42 Junction 10. The Millers Hotel is a beautifully reconstructed village bakery in which many of the original artefacts remain, including a working mill wheel in the oak-beamed lounge bar. Centrally situated in a delightful part of rural Warwickshire with easy access to East Midlands Airport and Birmingham International Airport, the Birmingham NEC is just a 30 minute drive away with Twycross Zoo nearby. You will receive a warm welcome and great hospitality from the moment you arrive.Please be aware the hotel does have functions most weekends which may cause additional noise.
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Feel free to discuss the 2011 Libyan Civil War here.
Feel free to discuss the 2011 Libyan Civil War here.
Battle continues for Libya's Misurata
[quote]Libya's opposition fighters are battling Muammar Gaddafi's forces on the country's western border, while fighting continues in the besieged city of Misurata.
Pro-democracy forces said the Libyan army withdrew from central Misurata, but fierce fighting was still ongoing for control of the city's port on Wednesday.
"Gaddafi's forces retreated from the port area where they were positioned yesterday after air strikes
by the NATO forces. The strikes completely destroyed 37 military vehicles," an opposition spokesman, called Reda, told the Reuters news agency.
"Gaddafi's forces this morning started bombarding an area about 10km north of the city. It is known as the Steel area.
"The bombardment is still going on. They are using Grad missiles ... Warplanes are flying over Misurata's outskirts but I don't hear any sound of strikes," he said by telephone.
Read more: http://aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/04/2011426162624441291.html[/quote]


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Gifts for Her and Gift Ideas for Women
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The definitive site for independent discussion, advice, sales, information & fun for owners & enthusiasts of the VW T2 Kombi made in Brazil until 2013; imported, converted & enjoyed as campervans in the UK.
brazilian, camper, kombi, danbury, brazil, volkswagen, campervan, window, late
Locksmith and Lock Picking Forum. A great resource for professional locksmiths and lock picking enthusiasts.
locksmith, island, locks, lock, picking, opening, forum, training, course, courses, tools
Virginia's forum for reptile and amphibian enthusiasts. Join today to help a fellow hobbyist or look for help. Classifieds available.
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The Christine Car Club is an international club where actual movie car, Christine clone owners and enthusiasts, and fans of the 1957 and 1958 Plymouth come together to pay tribute to Stephen King and John Carpenter's masterpieces. Released in 1983, b
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Chicagoland Area Modern Mopars - A forum for Chicagoland Mopar enthusiasts!
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Online Gaming Community for COD4 Enthusiasts.
A website and forum for enthusiasts and riders of the Honda Fireblade
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Was Quentin Tarantino Disappointed by Prometheus?
Kaley Cuoco Shows Off Her Tennis Skills
10 Infuriatingly Bad Endings to Good Movies
10 Superheroes Who Won't Get Their Own Movie
7 Things You Didn't Know About 'The Big Bang Theory'
The Worst Superhero Movies You've Never Seen
'Furious 7' First Trailer Released: Video
Avoid Botox - Try This Instead
10 Actors Who Should Really Play James Bond
The Real Lorde Sings South Park's Lorde Parody Song and I's Amazing
The 5 Most Disappointing Series Finales in TV History
Batfleck: One Year After
Stunning New Facts About Heath Ledger's Biggest Role
Watch Russell Brand Get Kicked Off Of Fox News
7 Movies You're Not Streaming -- But Should Be
11 Superhero Movies That Almost Happened
8 Historical Facts That Will Change Your Concept of Time Forever
Natalie Portman Scores Again: Inside Her New Role
Captain America: Civil War Adds Daniel Bruhl in Mystery Role
Can't Wait for The Prometheus Sequel?
Ridley Scott Will Not Direct Blade Runner Sequel, Shares Story Details
Check Out More Than 50 Jurassic World Trailer Screenshots
Quicksilver Teased for X-Men: Apocalypse and Maybe Even His Own Solo Film
The 20 Biggest Mistakes in the X-Men Movies
What Record Is Avengers: Age of Ultron Breaking?
10 Tricks to Instantly Look More Attractive in Photos
Daniel Radcliffe Is Officially Taking Over Hollywood
Robert Downey Jr. Teases a 'Huge' Captain America 3
New Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Set Photos Reveal an Infamous Location
Extended Trailer for Avengers: Age of Ultron Brings Even More New Footage!


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Dr. David J. Beisiegel
Chiropractor, Indian Creek Natural Medicine
- 10464 Metcalf Ave
Overland Park, KS 66212
- 1 Office Location
- (913) 649-6677
Dr. David J. Beisiegel is a practicing physician. Dr. Beisiegel practices medicine in Overland Park, KS and specializes in Chiropractor. Dr. Beisiegel speaks English and Spanish.
Gender: Not Available
Years in Practice: Not Available
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Medical School: Not Available
Graduation Date: Not Available
Hospital Affiliations: Not Available
Specialties: Chiropractor


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Poetry Connections: A Multilingual and Multimedia Performance in Chennai and Pune, India, December 8 - 12, 2010
As part of the Literature Across Frontier's (LAF) translation workshop, POETRY CONNECTIONS: A Multilingual and Multimedia Performance will be held in India across two cities – Chennai and Pune. The poetry translation workshop leading up to these events is scheduled to be held from 8th to 15th December, 2010 at Pondicherry. Eight national and international poets (Arjun Bali, Bill Herbert, Meena Kandasamy, Raphael Bendicht Urweider, Robin Ngangom, Roselyne Sibille, Sampurna Chattarji, Zoe Skoulding) will be participating in the workshop. The six-day intensive workshop is envisaged to bring poets in contact with various contexts of their languages, regions, styles, formats etc. With musical, visual and performative aspects the poets will interact with each other in the beautiful environs of Adishakti.
The cross-translation and creative work achieved during this intensive workshop will be showcased as a performance at the inaugural of the Prakriti Poetry Festival on the 15th December in Chennai and as part of the Open Space on the 18th December in Pune.
15 December 2010, 7pm
Amethyst Gopalapuram, Chennai
18 December 2010, 6.30pm
Kala Chaya Campus, Opp Vikhe Patil School, Patrakar Nagar Road, Chaturshrungi, Pune
Other current event items
New Historical Fiction Seminar Series - Autumn 2014 - Institute of English Studies, London
Posted on: Tuesday, September 30, 2014
SI Leeds Literary Prize events with Dreda Say Mitchell and Bernardine Evaristo
Posted on: Tuesday, August 12, 2014
Creative Writing Workshops with Dr M.Yaa Asantewa in June to September 2014
Posted on: Thursday, May 01, 2014
FREE: The Literary Kitchen/Journal and imprints Fair hosted by the Learned Pig, 22 June 2014
Posted on: Thursday, May 01, 2014


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For Miami Beach bartender Ashley Danella, her love for the beach and its vibrant nightlife made her trek to the Magic City from a childhood spent growing up in Boca Raton. An avid fitness lover and self-proclaimed homebody, it's usually behind the bar at Burger & Beer Joint in Miami Beach where many see her shine as she flashes a gleaming smile and mixes up their favorite concoction.
Danella took the time to chat with us about her love of mixology and what makes for a very unique signature shot.
Has anything unusual happened to you while bartending?
Working in South Beach, I always serve athletes and celebrities, and my friends that come in are pretty wild on a regular basis. There have been food fights, a little bit of exhibitionism, and one night involving an inflatable farm animal... but what happens at B&B, stays at B&B! What most people consider unusual is a nightly occurrence at my bar.
Do you have a signature drink?
I wouldn't quite call it a "signature drink", but there is a drink, shot rather, that I am known for. It's called a "Recycled Shot". I pour a shot of Jameson into a shot glass, take it into my mouth, swish it around and spit it back into the glass. The customer then takes the shot and on request I proceed to give them a nice slap in the face! Sounds pretty ridiculous, and gross, I know. It all started out as a joke with a few regulars and just sort of grew from there.
Tell me something people don't know about you.
As loud and crazy as I may seem behind the bar, I am actually super mellow outside of work. I'm a homebody, I love to stay in and watch movies, bake, and cook dinner for my friends.
What do you love about the Miami nightlife?
There really is something for everybody. And somewhere to go at almost any hour.
What's your favorite thing about bartending?
It's my outlet. It gives me a chance to play, entertain, and let my alter ego run rampant. It's also a great way to meet lots of really awesome people.
From the book of Barguments - True or False: 40 is too old to do a shot of Jagermeister at a bar. Why or why not?
You're NEVER too old to do a shot of Jager! It's always an experience one needs to have.
[1] http://www.miami.com/clink
[2] http://barguments.com/
[3] http://www.miami.com/curated-guide-miami-art-week-and-art-basel-miami-beach-article
[4] http://www.miami.com/visual-arts-0
[5] http://www.miami.com/rock-legends-beer-booze-80s-prom-amp-greased-lightning-charlie-brown-article
[6] http://www.miami.com/nightlife/velvet-underground
[7] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-spicy-sipper-article
[8] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-positano-article
[9] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-port-call-article
[10] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-pumpkin-rum-old-fashioned-article
[11] http://www.miami.com/brickell-rum-fest-returns-tastings-and-live-music-article
[12] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-black-truffle-martini-article
[13] http://www.miami.com/drink-ilegal-mezcal-mansion-nightclub-article
[14] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-pi-colada-old-fashioned-article
[15] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-down-rabbit-hole-article
[16] http://www.miami.com/go-drink-smoky-negroni-article
[17] http://www.miami.com/sneak-peek-blackbird-ordinary-brickell-unveils-new-cocktail-menu-article
[18] http://www.twitter.com/miamicom


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Top Support Tips
Here are the latest Top Support Tips. Learn about the new doc type in Ext JS 5, using overrides in Ext JS, and new optimizations for callParent in Sencha Cmd 5.
Announcing Sencha Architect 3.1
We're proud to announce the release of Sencha Architect 3.1. It comes with many new features, most notably Ext JS 5 support. Within the short period since the Ext JS 5 release, we have added support to bring Sencha Architect to parity with all the new features offered by Ext JS 5.
What's New in Ext JS 5.0.1
We're excited to announce the general availability of Ext JS 5.0.1. This maintenance release includes a number of improvements based on feedback from the Sencha community. In this article, we'll take a tour of the changes.
Training Tip: Developing Apps in a Multi-Device World
We live in a multi-device world, and we all have lots of devices — laptops, tablets, e-readers, smartwatches, cameras, phones, and more. Ideally, you want to build a single app that runs on every device. Learn how to use Sencha Touch, Ext JS and Space to build apps for multiple devices and easily handle differences in platforms, screen sizes, user input and feature sets.
Ext JS 5 Tablet Support
The landscape of computer usage, both personal and enterprise, has been changing dramatically since tablets started challenging PC sales worldwide. Ext JS 5 learned a bunch of new tricks from Sencha Touch 2. In this guest post, Grgur covers Ext JS 5 tablet support, including updates to the class system, event management, widgets, and new deployment options.
Getting Started with GWT Super Dev Mode
If you're a GWT user, you've probably noticed that various browsers have been removing support for classic Dev Mode. This change helps to ensure better performing browsers and plugins, but it puts a kink in debugging GWT applications. The future is in Super Dev Mode, so we've been testing it regularly, making sure that GXT applications will work correctly in it, and improving the development process. See how it works.
Creating an Online/Offline proxy in Sencha Touch
Sencha Cmd delivers some great tools that give you everything you need for the app to work offline, such as auto generated App Manifest files, but one of the biggest issues is how to handle your data. There are numerous ways to handle data, and one common technique is to switch proxies between a local storage proxy and an AJAX proxy. In this post, we'll show you how you can achieve the same effect, but we'll use a single proxy and make it completely transparent to the programmer using the store configured with it.
Creating Custom Layouts in Ext JS and Sencha Touch
The Layout system is one of the most powerful and unique parts of the Sencha frameworks. Layouts handle the sizing and positioning of every Component in your application, eliminating the need for developers to manage those pieces manually. Look under the hood of the Layout system and learn how to create a 3D Carousel.
Designing Responsive Applications with Ext JS
Users expect to be able to use web applications not only on their desktop computers, but also their mobile devices, which come in all shapes and sizes. The requirement to make an application so adaptive can seem overwhelming. Fortunately Ext JS 5 provides all the tools needed to make your application conform to any screen size, shape or orientation.
Deep Dive Into Ext JS 5 Data
With the introduction of Ext JS 5, we have greatly expanded the capabilities of the Sencha Data Package, which is one of the cornerstones of application development. These new capabilities can be seen throughout the entire application development process: from declaring your data model, to presenting your data and validating user input, and finally, saving it back to the server.


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1 person found this helpful
"Ok place to work in a good economy "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Career Opportunities
I worked at LoJack
Market leader, recognized company in the industry
High turnover, low morale, lack of flexibility
Redefine business model
22 Other Employee Reviews for LoJack (View Most Recent)Sort: Rating Date
I worked at LoJackPros
Work-life balance is important to the company and it seems like they really try to accomodate their workers when they can.Cons
corporate downsizing and lack of support; company tries to do well for its workforce but workers are stressed and things fall through the cracksAdvice to ManagementAdvice
Leadership could be stronger. When there are big changes in a company's leadership the writing is usually on the wall.No opinion of CEO
"Company is spinning its wheels "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Career Opportunities
I worked at LoJackPros
If you have the right manager, you can learn a lot and get a chance to contribute to some successes within your area.Cons
Benefits are the worst in my career. Nepotism counts for more than ability and track record. Senior management makes poor decisions leading to 4 major layoffs.Advice to ManagementAdvice
Stop trying to make the company into something it is not and cannot be. The employees know when they are being misled.Doesn't RecommendDisapproves of CEO


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Event Detail Information
ICMT Seminar: "Quantum tales of slave-spins and spin-chains"
Speaker Dr. Victor Chua (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign)
Date Sep 9, 2013
Time 12:00 pm
Location 190 Engineering Sciences Building (ESB) 1101 W Springfield, Urbana
Sponsor Dept. of Physics
Contact Becky McDuffee
E-Mail email@example.com
Phone 217-244-4268
Event type ICMT Seminar
Views 1831
Originating Calendar Physics - Institute for Condensed Matter Theory Seminar
This will be two part talk regarding two projects connected with correlated electronic systems with possible applications to interesting oxides. In this first section of this two part talk I will discuss a numerical study of the Kugel-Khomskii spin-orbital chain from the point of view of its spin-orbital entanglement spectrum [PRB 86, 224422 (2012)]. This is a model Hamiltonian with spin-orbital degeneracy and may be relevant to some oxides such as Na2Ti2Sb2O and NaV2O5. Features its entanglement spectrum are compared with expectations from field theory and symmetry considerations. In the second part, I will report recent results on a novel interacting topological phase [cond-mat/1307.5566] derived from strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) at intermediate strength Hubbard interactions. The microscopic Hubbard model considered is inspired by recent interest in heavy transition metal oxides with strong spin-orbit coupling such as the Irridates. The slave-spin decomposition programme [PRB 81 155118 (2010), PRB 86 045128 (2012)] is applied and reveals at low-energy, topological field theories describing topologically ordered ground states and fractionalised quasiparticles.


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Horrible Bosses 2: Cheerfully dirty
Matthew Lickona 6:30 p.m., Nov. 26
Robert De Niro unloads his gnarly, scowling, old-crank routine again as a self-deluded "genius," sort of Travis Bickle of Taxi Driver as a nutty dirtball. His son (moon-eyed Paul Dano) dislikes him but helps him at a homeless shelter. Marginal in Paul Weitz's moody, drifting film are Julianne Moore and Lili Taylor, though Olivia Thirlby is touchingly credible as a relief worker. The movie feels like a weak attempt to popularize Joe Gould's Secret. 2012.


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John L. Ligon, Rachel Greszler, and Patrick Tyrrell, "The Economic and Fiscal Effects of Eliminating the Federal Death Tax," Heritage Foundation Backgrounder #2956, September 23, 2014 http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2014/09/the-economic-and-fiscal-effects-of-eliminating-the-federal-death-tax
Curtis S. Dubay and Salim Furth, "Understanding Thomas Piketty and His Critics," Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 2954, September 12, 2014 http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2014/09/understanding-thomas-piketty-and-his-critics
James Sherk, "Higher Fast-Food Wages: Higher Fast-Food Prices," Heritage Foundation Issue Brief No. 4272, September 4, 2014 http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2014/09/higher-fast-food-wages-higher-fast-food-prices
James Sherk, "Not Looking for Work: Why Labor Force Participation Has Fallen During the Recovery," Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 2722, September 4, 2014 http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2014/09/not-looking-for-work-why-labor-force-participation-has-fallen-during-the-recovery
Edmund F. Haislmaier and Drew Gonshorowski, "New Obamacare Enrollment Data: Employer-Based Coverage Declines," Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 2933, July 28, 2014,
Jennifer A. Marshall and Rea S. Hederman, Jr., The 2014 Index of Culture and Opportunity, The Heritage Foundation, 2014, http://index.heritage.org/culture/
Rachel Greszler, "Empowerment in the Workplace, " Testimony Before the Joint Economic Committee United States Congress, June 18, 2014,
John L. Ligon and Norbert Michel, "Why Is Federal Housing Policy Fixated on 30-Year Fixed-Rate Mortgages?" Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 2917, June 18, 2014,
Filip Jolevski and James Sherk, "Shrinking Workweeks: A Sign of Unequal Recovery from the Great Recession," Heritage Foundation Backgrounder No. 2921, June 12, 2014
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Book Review: Axes of Evil - Edited by Alex S. Johnson
November 22nd, 2014
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Book Review: Prisoner 489 - Author Joe Lansdale
November 17th, 2014
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Film Review: The Comedy of Terrors (1963)
SYNOPSIS: An undertaker who hasn't had any 'customers' in a long time is forced the pay one year's back-rent. To get money he starts to kill people in order to get new clients. REVIEW:
Film Review: Sherlock Holmes And The Voice Of Terror (1942)
SYNOPSIS: "When Nazi saboteurs jeeringly predict to the nation of new depredations via their radio Voice of Terror, the Intelligence Inner Council summons Sherlock Holmes (Basil Rathbone) to help in the crisis. Holmes and his companion, Doctor Watson (Nigel Bruce), are visited the first night of their investigation – a man falls dying from a knife wound on their doorstep. His last word leads Holmes into the slums where he encounters Kitty (Evelyn Ankers), the … Continue reading
Film Review: The Adventures Of Sherlock Holmes (1939)
SYNOPSIS: "Professor Moriarity has a scheme for stealing the crown jewels from the Tower of London. To get Holmes involved, he persuades a gaucho flute player to murder a girl." (courtesy IMDB) REVIEW: The Hound Of The Baskervilles (1939), based on the novel by Arthur Conan Doyle, was directed by Sidney Lanfield and produced by 20th Century Fox studios. Starring Basil Rathbone as the world's greatest detective Sherlock Holmes and Nigel Bruce as his faithful … Continue reading
Film Review: The Hound Of The Baskervilles (1939)
SYNOPSIS: "Sherlock Holmes is approached by Doctor Mortimer to assist in protecting the life of his best friend's nephew who is that very day returning to England from Canada. Mortimer's friend, Sir Charles Baskerville, recently died and although the coroner ruled it to be a natural death, the Doctor knows he was being chased by a legendary dog, the Hound of the Baskervilles, that has plagued the Baskerville family for years. Sir Henry Baskerville is … Continue reading
Film Review: Voyage To The Prehistoric Planet (1965)
SYNOPSIS: "In 2020, after the colonisation of the moon, the spaceships Vega, Sirius and Capella are launched from Lunar Station Seven. They are to explore Venus under the command of Professor Hartman, but an asteroid collides and explodes Capella. The leader ship Vega stays orbiting and sends the astronauts Kern and Sherman with the robot John to the surface of Venus, but they have problems with communication with Doctor Marsha Evans in Vega. The Sirius … Continue reading


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Publications (116)424.52 Total impact
Article: Cortisol levels in former preterm children at school age are predicted by neonatal procedural pain-related stress[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Early life stress can alter hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis function. Differences in cortisol levels have been found in preterm infants exposed to substantial procedural stress during neonatal intensive care, compared to infants born full-term, but only a few studies investigated whether altered programming of the HPA axis persists past toddler age. Further, there is a dearth of knowledge of what may contribute to these changes in cortisol. This prospective cohort study examined the cortisol profiles in response to the stress of cognitive assessment, as well as the diurnal rhythm of cortisol, in children (n = 129) born at varying levels of prematurity (24–32 weeks gestation) and at full-term (38–41 weeks gestation), at age 7 years. Further, we investigated the relationships among cortisol levels and neonatal procedural pain-related stress (controlling for multiple medical confounders), concurrent maternal factors (parenting stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms) and children's behavioral problems. For each aim we investigate acute cortisol response profiles to a cognitive challenge as well as diurnal cortisol patterns at home. We hypothesized that children born very preterm will differ in their pattern of cortisol secretion from children born full-term, possibly depended on concurrent child and maternal factors, and that exposure to neonatal pain-related stress would be associated with altered cortisol secretion in children born very preterm, possibly in a sex-dependent way. Saliva samples were collected from 7-year old children three times during a laboratory visit for assessment of cognitive and executive functions (pretest, mid-test, end—study day acute stress profile) and at four times over two consecutive non-school days at home (i.e. morning, mid-morning, afternoon and bedtime—diurnal rhythm profile). We found that cortisol profiles were similar in preterm and full-term children, albeit preterms had slightly higher cortisol at bedtime compared to full-term children. Importantly, in the preterm group, greater neonatal procedural pain-related stress (adjusted for morphine) was associated with lower cortisol levels on the study day (p = .044) and lower diurnal cortisol at home (p = .023), with effects found primarily in boys. In addition, child attention problems were negatively, and thought problems were positively, associated with the cortisol response during cognitive assessment on the study day in preterm children. Our findings suggest that neonatal pain/stress contributes to altered HPA axis function up to school-age in children born very preterm, and that sex may be an important factor.Psychoneuroendocrinology 01/2015; 51:151–163. · 5.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: As one of the first rodent models designed to investigate the effects of early-life experiences, the neonatal handling paradigm has helped us better understand how subtle changes in the infant environment can powerfully drive neurodevelopment of the immature brain in typical or atypical trajectories. Here, we review data from more than 50 years demonstrating the compelling effects of neonatal handling on behavior, physiology, and neural function across the lifespan. Moreover, we present data that challenge the classical view of neonatal handling as an animal model that results only in positive/beneficial outcomes. Indeed, the overall goal of this review is to offer the suggestion that the effects of early-life experiences—including neonatal handling—are nuanced rather than unidirectional. Both beneficial and negative outcomes may occur, depending on the parameters of testing, sex of the subject, and neurobehavioral system analyzed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev PsychobiolDevelopmental Psychobiology 08/2014; · 2.60 Impact Factor
Article: Neurocircuitry underlying stress and emotional regulation in animals prenatally exposed to alcohol and subjected to chronic mild stress in adulthood.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Individuals exposed to alcohol during gestation show higher rates of psychopathologies. The hyperresponsivity to stress induced by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) may be related to this increased rate of psychopathologies, especially because this population is more likely to be exposed to stressful environments throughout life. However, alcohol-induced changes in the overlapping neurocircuitries that underlie stress and the expression of psychopathologies are not fully understood. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the neural activity within central areas known to play key roles in both emotional and stress regulation. Adult male and female offspring from PAE, pair-fed, and ad libitum-fed control conditions were exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS). Following CMS, the neural activity (c-fos mRNA) of the amygdala, ventral hippocampal formation, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN) was assessed in response to an acute stress (elevated plus maze). Our results demonstrate that, overall, PAE decreased neural activity within the amygdala and hippocampal formation in males and increased neural activity within the amygdala and mPFC in females. CMS reduced neural activity within the mPFC and PVN in PAE males, but reduced activity in all areas analyzed in control males. By contrast, CMS reduced neural activity in the mPFC in PAE females and had no effects in control females. Furthermore, the constrained principal component analysis revealed that these patterns of neural activity resulted in differential activation of the functional neural networks in males compared to females, indicating sexually dimorphic effects of PAE and CMS. Importantly, the altered networks of brain activation in PAE animals may underlie the hyperresponsivity to stress and increased psychopathologies observed among individuals prenatally exposed to alcohol.Frontiers in Endocrinology 01/2014; 5:5.
Article: Prenatal alcohol exposure and adolescent stress - unmasking persistent attentional deficits in rats[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can produce a myriad of deficits. Unfortunately, affected individuals may also be exposed to the stress of an adverse home environment, contributing to deficits of attentional processes that are the hallmark of optimal executive function. Male offspring of ad-libitum-fed Control (Con), Pairfed (PF), and PAE dams were randomly assigned to either a 5-day period of variable chronic mild stress (CMS) or no CMS in adolescence. In adulthood, rats were trained in a non-match to sample task (T-maze), followed by extensive assessment in the five-choice serial reaction time task. Once rats acquired the five-choice serial reaction time task (stable accuracy), they were tested in three challenge conditions: (i) increased sustained attention, (ii) selective attention and, (iii) varying doses of d-amphetamine, an indirect dopamine and norepinephrine agonist. At birth and throughout the study, PAE offspring showed reduced body weight. Moreover, although PAE animals were similar to Con animals in task acquisition, they were progressively less proficient with transitions to shorter stimulus durations (decreased accuracy and increased omissions). Five days of adolescent CMS increased basal corticosterone levels in adolescence and disrupted cognitive performance in adulthood. Further, CMS augmented PAE-related disturbances in acquisition and, to a lesser extent, also disrupted attentional processes in Con and PF animals. Following task acquisition, challenges unmasked persistent attentional difficulties resulting from both PAE and adolescent CMS. In conclusion, PAE, adolescent CMS, and their interaction produced unique behavioural profiles that suggest vulnerability in select neurobiological processes at different stages of development.European Journal of Neuroscience 01/2014; · 3.75 Impact Factor
Article: Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Results in Long-Term Serotonin Neuron Deficits in Female Rats: Modulatory Role of Ovarian Steroids.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Previous studies on male rodents found that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) decreases the number of serotonin immunoreactive (5-HT-ir) neurons in the brainstem. However, data on the effects of PAE in females are lacking. In light of known sex differences in responsiveness of the 5-HT system and known effects of estrogen (E2 ) and progesterone (P4 ) in the brain, we hypothesized that sex steroids will modulate the adverse effects of PAE on 5-HT neurons in adult females. Adult females from 3 prenatal groups (Prenatal alcohol-exposed [PAE], Pair-fed [PF], and ad libitum-fed Controls [C]) were ovariectomized (OVX), with or without hormone replacement, or underwent Sham OVX. 5-HT-ir cells were examined in key brainstem areas. Our data support the hypothesis that PAE has long-term effects on the 5-HT system of females and that ovarian steroids have a modulatory role in these effects. Intact (Sham OVX) PAE females had marginally lower numbers of 5-HT-ir neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the brainstem compared with PF and C females. This marginal difference became significant following removal of hormones by OVX. Replacement with E2 restored the number of 5-HT-ir neurons in PAE females to control levels, while P4 reversed the effects of E2 . Importantly, despite these differential responses of the 5-HT system to ovarian steroids, there were no differences in E2 and P4 levels among prenatal treatment groups. These data demonstrate long-term, adverse effects of PAE on the 5-HT system of females, as well as differential sensitivity of PAE compared with control females to the modulatory effects of ovarian steroids on 5-HT neurons. Our findings have important implications for understanding sex differences in 5-HT dysfunction in depression/anxiety disorders and the higher rates of these mental health problems in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research 08/2013; · 3.42 Impact Factor
Article: Basal regulation of HPA and dopamine systems is altered differentially in males and females by prenatal alcohol exposure and chronic variable stress.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on central nervous system function include an increased prevalence of mental health problems, including substance use disorders (SUD). The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and dopamine (DA) systems have overlapping neurocircuitries and are both implicated in SUD. PAE alters both HPA and dopaminergic activity and regulation, resulting in increased HPA tone and an overall reduction in tonic DA activity. However, effects of PAE on the interaction between HPA and DA systems have not been investigated. The present study examined PAE effects on basal regulation of central stress and DA systems in key brain regions where these systems intersect. Adult Sprague-Dawley male and female offspring from prenatal alcohol-exposed (PAE), pairfed (PF), and ad libitum-fed control (C) groups were subjected to chronic variable stress (CVS) or remained as a no stress (non-CVS) control group. Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA, as well as glucocorticoid and DA receptor (DA-R) expression were measured under basal conditions 24h following the end of CVS. We show, for the first time, that regulation of basal HPA and DA systems, and likely, HPA-DA interactions, are altered differentially in males and females by PAE and CVS. PAE augmented the typical attenuation in weight gain during CVS in males and caused increased weight loss in females. Increased basal corticosterone levels in control, but not PAE, females suggest that PAE alters the profile of basal hormone secretion throughout CVS. CVS downregulated basal CRH mRNA in the prefrontal cortex and throughout the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in PAE females but only in the posterior BNST of control females. PAE males and females exposed to CVS exhibited more widespread upregulation of basal mineralocorticoid receptor mRNA throughout the hippocampus, and an attenuated decrease in DA-R expression throughout the nucleus accumbens and striatum compared to CVS-exposed control males and females. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding of PAE effects on the cross-talk between HPA and DA systems, and provide insight into possible mechanisms underlying mental health problems that are related to stress and DA signaling, including SUD, which have a high prevalence among individuals with FASD.Psychoneuroendocrinology 04/2013; · 5.59 Impact Factor
Article: Prenatal and postnatal inflammation in relation to cortisol levels in preterm infants at 18 months corrected age.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Objective:To examine whether early inflammation is related to cortisol levels at 18 months corrected age (CA) in children born very preterm.Study Design:Infants born 32 weeks of gestational age were recruited in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and placental histopathology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chart review were obtained. At 18 months CA, developmental assessment and collection of three salivary cortisol samples were carried out. Generalized least squares was used to analyze data from 85 infants providing 222 cortisol samples.Results:Infants exposed to chorioamnionitis with funisitis had a significantly different pattern of cortisol across the samples compared with infants with chorioamnionitis alone or no prenatal inflammation (F(4, 139)=7.3996, P<0.0001). Postnatal infections, necrotizing enterocolitis and chronic lung disease were not significantly associated with the cortisol pattern at 18 months CA.Conclusion:In children born very preterm, prenatal inflammatory stress may contribute to altered programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.Journal of Perinatology advance online publication, 4 April 2013; doi:10.1038/jp.2013.24.Journal of perinatology: official journal of the California Perinatal Association 04/2013; · 1.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: During late prenatal and early postnatal life, the reproductive system in males undergoes an extensive series of physiological and morphological changes. Prenatal ethanol (EtOH) exposure has marked effects on the development of the reproductive system, with long-term effects on function in adulthood. The present study tested the hypothesis that prenatal EtOH exposure will delay the onset of spermatogenesis. METHODS: Development of the seminiferous tubules and the onset of spermatogenesis were examined utilizing a rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Male offspring from ad libitum-fed control (C), pair-fed (PF), and EtOH-fed (prenatal alcohol exposure [PAE]) dams were terminated on postnatal (PN) days 5, 15, 18, 20, 25, 35, 45, and 55, to investigate morphological changes through morphometric analysis of the testes from early neonatal life through young adulthood. RESULTS: PAE males had lower relative (adjusted for body weight) testis weights compared with PF and/or C males from PN15 through puberty (PN45). In addition, fewer gonocytes (primordial germ cells) were located on the basal lamina on PN5, while more of those touching the basal lamina were dividing in PAE compared with PF and C males, suggesting delayed cell division and migration processes. As well, the percentage of tubules with open lumena was lower in PAE compared with PF and C males on PN18 and 20, and PAE males had fewer primary spermatocytes per tubule on PN18 and round spermatids per tubule on PN25 compared with C males. Finally, the percentage of tubules at stages VII and VIII, when mature spermatids move to the apex of the epithelium and are released, was lower in PAE compared with PF and/or C males in young adulthood (PN55). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal EtOH consumption appears to delay both reproductive development and the onset of spermatogenesis in male offspring, with effects persisting at least until young adulthood.Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research 03/2013; · 3.42 Impact Factor
Article: Neonatal Pain-Related Stress and NFKBIA Genotype Are Associated with Altered Cortisol Levels in Preterm Boys at School Age.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Neonatal pain-related stress is associated with elevated salivary cortisol levels to age 18 months in children born very preterm, compared to full-term, suggesting early programming effects. Importantly, interactions between immune/inflammatory and neuroendocrine systems may underlie programming effects. We examined whether cortisol changes persist to school age, and if common genetic variants in the promoter region of the NFKBIA gene involved in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, modify the association between early experience and later life stress as indexed by hair cortisol levels, which provide an integrated index of endogenous HPA axis activity. Cortisol was assayed in hair samples from 128 children (83 born preterm ≤32 weeks gestation and 45 born full-term) without major sensory, motor or cognitive impairments at age 7 years. We found that hair cortisol levels were lower in preterm compared to term-born children. Downregulation of the HPA axis in preterm children without major impairment, seen years after neonatal stress terminated, suggests persistent alteration of stress system programming. Importantly, the etiology was gender-specific such that in preterm boys but not girls, specifically those with the minor allele for NFKBIA rs2233409, lower hair cortisol was associated with greater neonatal pain (number of skin-breaking procedures from birth to term), independent of medical confounders. Moreover, the minor allele (CT or TT) of NFKBIA rs2233409 was associated with higher secretion of inflammatory cytokines, supporting the hypothesis that neonatal pain-related stress may act as a proinflammatory stimulus that induces long-term immune cell activation. These findings are the first evidence that a long-term association between early pain-related stress and cortisol may be mediated by a genetic variants that regulate the activity of NF-κB, suggesting possible involvement of stress/inflammatory mechanisms in HPA programming in boys born very preterm.PLoS ONE 01/2013; 8(9):e73926. · 3.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study examined the relationship between children's hair cortisol and socioeconomic status of the family, as measured by parental education and income. Low family socioeconomic status has traditionally been considered a long-term environmental stressor. Measurement of hair cortisol provides an integrated index of cumulative stress exposure across an extended period of time. The present study is the first to examine the relationship between hair cortisol and parental education as well as parental income in a representative sample of preschoolers. Data on hair cortisol, family income, and parental education were collected for a representative sample of 339 children (Mean age=4.6 years; SD=.5 years) from across 23 neighbourhoods of the city of Vancouver, Canada. As maternal education was shown previously to be associated with hair zinc level, hair zinc measurements were included as well in order to explore potential relationships between hair zinc and hair cortisol. The relationship between hair cortisol and parental education was examined using hierarchical regression, with hair zinc, gender, age, and single parenthood included as covariates. Maternal and paternal education both were correlated significantly with hair cortisol (r=-0.18; p=.001). The relationship remained statistically significant even after controlling for all demographic covariates as well as for hair zinc and after taking the neighbourhood-level clustering of the data into account. Parental income, on the other hand, was not related significantly to children's hair cortisol. This study provides evidence that lower maternal and paternal education are associated with higher hair cortisol levels. As hair cortisol provides an integrated index of cortisol exposure over an extended time period, these findings suggest a possibly stable influence of SES on the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Cumulative exposure to cortisol during early childhood may be greater in children from low socio-economic backgrounds, possibly through increased exposure to environmental stressors.Psychoneuroendocrinology 07/2012; · 5.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The chronic mild (or unpredictable/variable) stress (CMS) model was developed as an animal model of depression more than 20 years ago. The foundation of this model was that following long-term exposure to a series of mild, but unpredictable stressors, animals would develop a state of impaired reward salience that was akin to the anhedonia observed in major depressive disorder. In the time since its inception, this model has also been used for a variety of studies examining neurobiological variables that are associated with depression, despite the fact that this model has never been critically examined to validate that the neurobiological changes induced by CMS are parallel to those documented in depressive disorder. The aim of the current review is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of chronic mild stress on neurobiological variables, such as neurochemistry, neurochemical receptor expression and functionality, neurotrophin expression and cellular plasticity. These findings are then compared to those of clinical research examining common variables in populations with depressive disorders to determine if the changes observed following chronic mild stress are in fact consistent with those observed in major depression. We conclude that the chronic mild stress paradigm: (1) evokes an array of neurobiological changes that mirror those seen in depressive disorders and (2) may be a suitable tool to investigate novel systems that could be disturbed in depression, and thus aid in the development of novel targets for the treatment of depression.Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 07/2012; 36(9):2085-117. · 10.28 Impact Factor
Article: Single course of antenatal steroids did not alter cortisol in preterm infants up to 18 months.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To determine whether a single course of antenatal dexamethasone alters resting cortisol at 3, 8 and 18 months corrected age in preterm infants. Preterm infants born ≤32 weeks gestational age were recruited during 2001-2004 from a single neonatal intensive care unit. Resting salivary cortisol was collected at least once at 3, 8 and 18 months corrected age in a longitudinal cohort. A mixed-effects repeated measures analysis was used to accommodate cases with less than complete follow-up. One hundred and thirty three infants were included in the present study, contributing 266 cortisol samples. Of these, 107 infants had been exposed to a single course of antenatal dexamethasone and 26 not exposed to antenatal steroids. There was no significant main effect of antenatal steroids on resting cortisol at any age. This result was not altered after adjusting for gestational age at birth, neonatal cumulative pain, morphine exposure, mechanical ventilation days and post-natal steroid exposure. No effect of a single course of dexamethasone on resting salivary cortisol, an indicator of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function, was found in infancy up to 18 months corrected age in infants born very preterm.Acta Paediatrica 02/2012; 101(6):604-8. · 1.97 Impact Factor
Article: Frontal EEG/ERP correlates of attentional processes, cortisol and motivational states in adolescents from lower and higher socioeconomic status.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Event-related potentials (ERPs) and other electroencephalographic (EEG) evidence show that frontal brain areas of higher and lower socioeconomic status (SES) children are recruited differently during selective attention tasks. We assessed whether multiple variables related to self-regulation (perceived mental effort) emotional states (e.g., anxiety, stress, etc.) and motivational states (e.g., boredom, engagement, etc.) may co-occur or interact with frontal attentional processing probed in two matched-samples of fourteen lower-SES and higher-SES adolescents. ERP and EEG activation were measured during a task probing selective attention to sequences of tones. Pre- and post-task salivary cortisol and self-reported emotional states were also measured. At similar behavioural performance level, the higher-SES group showed a greater ERP differentiation between attended (relevant) and unattended (irrelevant) tones than the lower-SES group. EEG power analysis revealed a cross-over interaction, specifically, lower-SES adolescents showed significantly higher theta power when ignoring rather than attending to tones, whereas, higher-SES adolescents showed the opposite pattern. Significant theta asymmetry differences were also found at midfrontal electrodes indicating left hypo-activity in lower-SES adolescents. The attended vs. unattended difference in right midfrontal theta increased with individual SES rank, and (independently from SES) with lower cortisol task reactivity and higher boredom. Results suggest lower-SES children used additional compensatory resources to monitor/control response inhibition to distracters, perceiving also more mental effort, as compared to higher-SES counterparts. Nevertheless, stress, boredom and other task-related perceived states were unrelated to SES. Ruling out presumed confounds, this study confirms the midfrontal mechanisms responsible for the SES effects on selective attention reported previously and here reflect genuine cognitive differences.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 01/2012; 6:306. · 2.91 Impact Factor
Article: Prenatal alcohol exposure alters the course and severity of adjuvant-induced arthritis in female rats.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has adverse effects on the development of numerous physiological systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the immune system. HPA hyper-responsiveness and impairments in immune competence have been demonstrated. The present study investigated immune function in PAE females utilizing an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) model, widely used as a model of human rheumatoid arthritis. Given the effects of PAE on HPA and immune function, and the known interaction between HPA and immune systems in arthritis, we hypothesized that PAE females would have heightened autoimmune responses, resulting in increased severity of arthritis, compared to controls, and that altered HPA activity might play a role in the immune system changes observed. The data demonstrate, for the first time, an adverse effect of PAE on the course and severity of AA in adulthood, indicating an important long-term alteration in functional immune status. Although overall, across prenatal treatments, adjuvant-injected animals gained less weight, and exhibited decreased thymus and increased adrenal weights, and increased basal levels of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropin, PAE females had a more prolonged course of disease and greater severity of inflammation compared to controls. In addition, PAE females exhibited blunted lymphocyte proliferative responses to concanavalin A and a greater increase in basal ACTH levels compared to controls during the induction phase, before any clinical signs of disease were apparent. These data suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure has both direct and indirect effects on inflammatory processes, altering both immune and HPA function, and likely, the normal interactions between these systems.Brain Behavior and Immunity 12/2011; 26(3):439-50. · 5.61 Impact Factor
Article: Glucocorticoid receptors in the prefrontal cortex regulate stress-evoked dopamine efflux and aspects of executive function.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Enhanced dopamine efflux in the prefrontal cortex is a well-documented response to acute stress. However, the underlying mechanism(s) for this response is unknown. Using in vivo microdialysis, we demonstrate that blocking glucocorticoid receptors locally within the rat prefrontal cortex results in a reduction in stress-evoked dopamine efflux. In contrast, blocking glucocorticoid receptors in the ventral tegmental area did not affect stress-evoked dopamine efflux in the prefrontal cortex. Additionally, local administration of corticosterone into the prefrontal cortex increased prefrontal dopamine efflux. The functional impact of enhanced dopamine efflux evoked by acute stress was demonstrated using a cognitive task dependent on the prefrontal cortex and sensitive to impairment in working memory. Notably, stress-induced impairments in cognition were attenuated by blockade of glucocorticoid receptors in the prefrontal cortex. Taken together, these data demonstrate that glucocorticoids act locally within the prefrontal cortex to modulate mesocortical dopamine efflux leading to the cognitive impairments observed during acute stress.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 11/2011; 108(45):18459-64. · 9.81 Impact Factor
Article: Cortisol levels in relation to maternal interaction and child internalizing behavior in preterm and full-term children at 18 months corrected age.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Cortisol levels were compared in children born preterm at extremely low gestational age (ELGA; 24-28 weeks), very low gestational age (VGLA; 29-32 weeks), and full-term in response to cognitive assessment at 18 months corrected age (CA). Further, we investigated the relationship between maternal interactive behaviors and child internalizing behaviors (rated by the mother) in relation to child cortisol levels. EGLA children had higher "pretest" cortisol levels and a different pattern of cortisol response to cognitive assessment compared to VGLA and full-terms. Higher cortisol levels in ELGA, but not full-term, children were associated with less optimal mother interactive behavior. Moreover, the pattern of cortisol change was related to internalizing behaviors among ELGA, and to a lesser degree VLGA children. In conclusion, our findings suggest altered programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in preterm children, as well as their greater sensitivity to environmental context such as maternal interactive behavior.Developmental Psychobiology 03/2011; 53(2):184-95. · 2.60 Impact Factor
Article: Prenatal alcohol exposure reduces the proportion of newly produced neurons and glia in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in female rats.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) alters adult neurogenesis and the neurogenic response to stress in male rats. As the effects of stress on neurogenesis are sexually dimorphic, the present study investigated the effects of PAE on adult hippocampal neurogenesis under both nonstressed and stressed conditions in female rats. Pregnant females were assigned to one of three prenatal treatments: (1) alcohol (PAE)-liquid alcohol (ethanol) diet ad libitum (36% ethanol-derived calories); (2) pair-fed-isocaloric liquid diet, with maltose-dextrin substituted for ethanol, in the amount consumed by a PAE partner (g/kg body wt/day of gestation); and (3) control-lab chow ad libitum. Female offspring were assigned to either nonstressed (undisturbed) or stressed (repeated restraint stress for 9 days) conditions. On day 10, all rats were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and perfused either 24 hours (cell proliferation) or 3 weeks (cell survival) later. We found that PAE did not significantly alter cell proliferation or survival, whereas females from the pair-fed condition exhibited elevated levels of cell survival compared to control females. Importantly, however, the proportion of both new neurons and new glial cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was reduced in PAE compared to control females. Exposure to stress did not alter neurogenesis in any of the prenatal treatment groups. In summary, compared to females from the control condition, prenatal dietary restriction enhanced the survival of new neurons, whereas PAE altered the differentiation of newly produced cells in the adult dentate gyrus. Alterations in hippocampal neurogenesis following PAE may contribute to learning and memory deficits seen in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.Hormones and Behavior 11/2010; 58(5):835-43. · 3.74 Impact Factor
Article: Cortisol, behavior, and heart rate reactivity to immunization pain at 4 months corrected age in infants born very preterm.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Pain response may be altered in infants born very preterm owing to repeated exposure to procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit. Findings have been inconsistent in studies of behavioral and cardiac responses to brief pain in preterm versus full-term infants following neonatal intensive care unit discharge. To our knowledge, cortisol reactivity to pain has not been compared in preterm and full-term infants. We examined pain reactivity to immunization in preterm and full-term infants. Cortisol, facial behavior, and heart rate reactivity before, during, and after immunization were examined in infants born preterm at extremely low gestational age (ELGA 24 to 28 wk), very low gestational age (VLGA 29 to 32 wk), and full-term, at corrected age 4 months. In all groups, cortisol, behavior, and heart rate increased during immunizations. Cortisol concentrations were lower in preterm ELGA and VLGA boys, compared with full-term boys. In contrast, facial and heart rate responses to immunization did not differ between preterm and full-term infants. Although earlier reports found differences in pain processing in preterm infants earlier and later in development, the present findings indicate that pain responses, indexed by behavior and heart-rate, do not seem to differ in preterm compared with full-term infants at 4 months corrected age. Importantly, however, stress regulation seems altered in preterm male infants. As cortisol impacts development and functioning of the brain, altered stress regulation has important implications beyond pain systems.The Clinical journal of pain 10/2010; 26(8):698-704. · 3.01 Impact Factor
Article: Stress-induced suppression of hippocampal neurogenesis in adult male rats is altered by prenatal ethanol exposure.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In adulthood, both alcohol (ethanol) and stress are known to suppress hippocampal neurogenesis in male rats. Similarly, most studies report that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) reduces cell proliferation and/or cell survival in the hippocampus of adult males. Furthermore, PAE is known to have marked effects on behavioral and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responsiveness to stressors. However, no studies have examined the modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis by stress in PAE animals. We hypothesized that, in accordance with previous data, PAE would suppress basal levels of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and further that stress acting on a sensitized HPA axis would have greater adverse effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis in PAE than in control rats. Adult male offspring from PAE, pair-fed (PF) control, and ad libitum-fed control (C) groups were subjected to restraint stress (9 days, 1 h/day) or left undisturbed. Rats were then injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) on day 10, perfused 24 h (proliferation) or 3 weeks (survival) later, and brains processed for BrdU immunohistochemistry. We found that (1) under non-stressed conditions, PAE rats had a small but statistically significant suppressive effect on levels of hippocampal neurogenesis and (2) unexpectedly, repeated restraint stress significantly reduced neurogenesis in C and PF, but not PAE rats. We speculate that the failure of PAE males to mount an appropriate (i.e. suppressive) neurogenic response to stressors, implies reduced plasticity and adaptability or resilience, which could impact negatively on hippocampal structure and function.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 07/2010; 13(4):301-13. · 3.21 Impact Factor
Article: Prenatal alcohol exposure and chronic mild stress differentially alter depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in male and female offspring.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is associated with numerous neurobehavioral alterations, as well as disabilities in a number of domains, including a high incidence of depression and anxiety disorders. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) also alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function, resulting in increased responsiveness to stressors and HPA dysregulation in adulthood. Interestingly, data suggest that pre-existing HPA abnormalities may be a major contributory factor to some forms of depression, particularly when an individual is exposed to stressors later in life. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to stressors in adulthood may unmask an increased vulnerability to depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in PAE animals. Male and female offspring from prenatal alcohol (PAE), pair-fed (PF), and ad libitum-fed control (C) treatment groups were tested in adulthood. Animals were exposed to 10 consecutive days of chronic mild stress (CMS), and assessed in a battery of well-validated tasks sensitive to differences in depressive- and/or anxiety-like behaviors. We report here that the combination of PAE and CMS in adulthood increases depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in a sexually dimorphic manner. PAE males showed impaired hedonic responsivity (sucrose contrast test), locomotor hyperactivity (open field), and alterations in affiliative and nonaffiliative social behaviors (social interaction test) compared to control males. By contrast, PAE and, to a lesser extent, PF, females showed greater levels of "behavioral despair" in the forced swim test, and PAE females showed altered behavior in the final 5 minutes of the social interaction test compared to control females. These data support the possibility that stress may be a mediating or contributing factor in the psychopathologies reported in FASD populations.Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research 04/2010; 34(4):633-45. · 3.42 Impact Factor
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Tabletop Board Game Night
Board games aren't just for kids anymore! Come to the Coos Bay Public Library on Friday, November 21st at 7 p.m. for the library's monthly Tabletop Game Night for adults. Bring your favorite game to share or try something new.
These are not your mother's board games. Experience fun next generation games like Settlers of Catan, Carcassonne, Forbidden Island, and more. No previous game experience is required, just enthusiasm and a sense of fun.


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The Canadian government has launched version two of its open government licence. Discussion and analysis on the licence from Teresa Scassa and Russell McOrmond.
Canadian Government Launches Open Government Licence 2.0
June 20, 2013
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Product DescriptionHamleys: This brilliant play set takes action figures to the next level and children`s imaginations with them. Hamleys Corps Jeep with Figure includes a 4-wheel drive vehicle - for all terrain (including the bed, the kitchen floor and the garden), a soldier - at your service and a range of realistic must-have accessories. Play time is a crucial part of your child`s learning and development and role-play sets can really encourage early motoring skills, as well as a thriving imagination.
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Spring 2005
Yves Saint Laurent
July 5, 2004
Location: Paris
Designer: Stefano Pilati
Founded: 1961, Paris
Owned By: Gucci Group
History: The Algerian-born Yves Saint Laurent moved to France at 17, became head designer of Christian Dior by age 21, and started his own collection five years later (menswear was introduced in 1974). Over the course of his legendary career, Laurent transformed the fundamental silhouette and form of both women's and men's fashion. Tom Ford briefly inherited the YSL reins before his exit from the Gucci Group, and since 2004 the collections have been ably overseen by Stefano Pilati. Saint Laurent died in 2008.
The Look: Strong lapels, pants with a kick, and a (moderate, healthy) dose of androgyny
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Tel: (415)924-2608
At Marin Primary & Middle School we make education meaningful, while encouraging pride in self, respect for others, and enthusiasm for learning.
We honor and enjoy children's natural curiosity, competence and exuberance.
Using teams of teachers and educational methods tailored to how children learn best, we connect with our students, build trusting relationships and make learning relevant, memorable and fun.
Asking not "how smart is the child" but "how is the child smart," we guide our students to see their full potential, and we equip them to pursue it with passion and purpose.
We value academic excellence, personal integrity and community action, and encourage our students to become informed, engaged and ethical global citizens.
School Overview
|School Membership(s)School Assoc.
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Western States Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC)
|Religious Affiliation
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|Grades Nursery/Preschool - 8
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|Year Founded
Student Body
|Total Students
|259 students
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State avg.: 43%
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|Total Classroom Teachers
|70 teachers
|Student : Teacher Ratio
National avg.: 13:1
|% Faculty w/Advanced Degree
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Finances and Admission
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|Jan. 17
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|Admissions Director
|Donna Fanfelle
|Total Sports Offered
|4 sports
|Basketball, Cross Country, Flag Football, Track and FieldBasketball, Cross Country,
Flag Football, Track and Field,
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LarkspurSt Patrick School
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(415)924-0501(Roman Catholic)0.4 mi | 245 students | Gr. KG-8
Mill ValleyRing Mountain School
70 Lomita Dr
Mill Valley, CA, 94941
(415)381-81831.6 mi | 99 students | Gr. KG-8
GreenbraeMarin Catholic High School
675 Sir Francis Drake Blvd
Greenbrae, CA, 94904
(415)464-3860(Roman Catholic)1.7 mi | 713 students | Gr. 9-12
Mill ValleyGreenwood School
17 Buena Vista Ave
Mill Valley, CA, 94941
(415)388-0495Waldorf School1.7 mi | 107 students | Gr. NS-8
Corte MaderaCorte Madera Montessori
50 El Camino Dr Ste 10
Corte Madera, CA, 94925
(415)927-0919Montessori School1.7 mi | 4 students | Gr. PK-K
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A 12-member jury in Wells Circuit Court at Bluffton found a Bluffton man, Tyler White, guilty of murder on Monday for the shooting death of his estranged wife, Amy Meyer White, a former Berne resident, last October.
"We finally got what we wanted. We wanted the truth to be told and I think that's what we got," said grieving, but relieved Mike Meyer of Berne, the father of the victim, according to this morning's edition of the Fort Wayne Journal Gazette.
A two-vehicle accident at 6:50 p.m. Monday injured three occupants of a SUV and closed traffic on U.S. 27 in Geneva for over an hour, according to a report this morning from the Geneva Police Department.
Ron Storey, publisher of the Decatur Daily Democrat, said this morning that tickets are still available for the Taste of Home Cooking School to be held Wednesday in Erekson Theatre at Bellmont High School.
Tickets. priced at $9, may be purchased at the Democrat office until 4:30 Wednesday and at the door from 4:45 pm until the 6:30 start of the show.
All attendees will receive a free goodie bag with items from local and national sponsors, along with a free one-year subscription to Taste of Home magazine.


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Story: Nov 18, 2014
New film studies prof helps students appreciate film as art ...
CIA Exhibition: Nov 07, 2014
Fall 2014 Exhibitions
Story: Nov 15, 2014
Students capture two of the top prizes in museum's surreal d...
Events: Dec 05, 2014
Student Holiday Craft Sale
Social: 2 days ago via Facebook
Registration opens on Monday, Nov. 25 for the Cleveland Institute of Arts 2D3D national art and design competition for high school students. There are 13 cash ...
Story: Nov 04, 2014
New CIA building taking shape; set for December completion
Story: Nov 03, 2014
New Uptown Residence Hall featured in CIA video
Story: Aug 18, 2014
CIA again named to "Best in the Midwest" list
Admissions . Contest . 2D3D Winners . Past 2D3D contest winners
After reviewing the work of over 850 entries, the CIA faculty jurors made their final selections on April 1. The slide shows below represent the work of the 'Best in Category Winners,' of which the 'Best in Show' was selected. Congratulations to the winners of CIA¹s premiere 2D3D competition!
To see the artwork submissions that won honorable mention, please click here.
"Striving" by Kathia St. Hilaire, Dreyfoos School of the Arts - West Palm Beach, Florida


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With a stay at Hotel Valencia Santana Row in San Jose, you'll be in the entertainment district and minutes from Santana Row Shopping Center and Winchester Mystery House. This 4-star hotel is within close proximity of Westfield Valley Fair Shopping Mall and San Jose Municipal Rose Garden. Read More About Hotel Valencia Santana Row
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|coin a phrase
Meaning: To introduce a common meaning or clichè. For example, "He is so wealthy, to coin a phrase, he was born with a silver spoon in his mouth."
The verb to coin originally meant to literally mint a coin. It dates to the 14th century. In the late-16th century, the sense generalized to become to create or invent something other than coin, including words and phrases. In 1940 the specific usage of the phrase to coin a phrase, used ironically to introduce a banal statement or clichè, came into use.
Some believe that usage of to coin in this fashion is actually an error, believing instead that it should be to quoin. This term is a printer's term meaning to secure a block of type with a quoin, or metal wedge. So to quoin a phrase is to set it into type or make it permanent. But quoin is simply a spelling variant of coin that is primarily used in this specialized printing sense. The sense meaning to create is invariably spelled coin.(Source: Oxford English Dictionary)
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WHAT IS CATHOLICISM?: Why so many blades of grass? Because Catholicism, unlike what many of its critics seem to think, is not fundamentally about a kind of military-like uniformity of taking orders from the general. It is much more like the way that beachgoers watch the ocean: we go because we respond to a summons from the heart.
Muldoon, Poignant on Catholicism
September 27, 2011 by