text:
Claudio Gil Araujo
MD, PhD
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ABSTRACT: In their professional practices, physicians often face unexpected situations or chance on innovative proposals and ideas. As a result of their training and competence, they usually come up with hypotheses to be tested and research is conducted. This research is completed and their results submitted for presentations at conferences as free communications. Nevertheless, the realization of this creative process is only complete when a scientific manuscript is published in a journal. At this ultimate stage, most efforts seem not be brought to a standstill 1,2 . There are several reasons why scholars, interns, residents, graduate students and even experienced physicians may find it difficult to move forward from congress' abstracts to full manuscripts published in journals. However, the most significant hindrance rests with the difficulty writing the mere 25-30 paragraphs of an original manuscript. Many freeze and give up in front of a blank paper or a blinking cursor on a blank word processor's page on the monitor screen. In the previous manuscript 3 , we analyzed and suggested improvements to the process of peer review. In this point of view, we propose a practical strategy to systematize the writing of scientific paragraphs, aiming to simplify the task of scientific writing. This way, our intent is to increase the rate of publication of full manuscripts based on several outstanding abstracts presented annually at major medical conferences, and facilitate the currently overburdened process of peer review. The format of scientific communication has been evolving greatly over the centuries 4-7 , making reading more objective and standardized. One of the important tools in this process is the IMRaD format 4,5,7 , an acronym derived from the initials of the main sections of a manuscript -introduction, methods, results and discussion. Throughout the twentieth century, the IMRaD format has been increasingly applied, accounting for about 10% of the manuscripts in the 1950s, being dominant in the 1960s, and reaching 80% in the 1970s 7 . Presently, IMRad is the format recommended and adopted by the main medical journals all over the world, including the ABC (Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia). In addition to the IMRaD format, original manuscripts submitted for publication should meet specific standards and rules of each journal. Although a fairly uniform pattern tends to prevail, there are differences that should be observed at the time of writing. For instance, the number of words is limited to 4,500 in ABC and 5,000 in JACC, including text and references. Considering that the references are usually limited to 30-40, and have around 1,000 words, circa 3,500-4,000 are left for the text's body, i.e., to be used in the 25-30 paragraphs of IMRaD, representing about 130 words each. In the pursuit for evidence and objective data, as a convenience sample, all original manuscripts published in the January 2012 and 2013 editions of ABC and JACC journals have been analyzed (the first two numbers of these months for the latter). There was a fairly clear trend about the total number of paragraphs and distribution of paragraphs in four sections of the IMRaD of a manuscript. For the 20 ABC's manuscripts and 34 JACC's ones, the average number of paragraphs was 28.9 and 28.2 (p = 0.703), respectively, with 1/3 of them having 25-30 paragraphs, and 57% of the total manuscripts having overall 22-33 paragraphs. This relative constancy should be observed and highlighted, considering that the topics and areas covered, as well as the background and the nationality of the authors, are quite different. Thus, this confirms the assumption that there is a basic format to be followed for an effective publication. Figure 1 illustrates the distribution of paragraphs for the various IMRaD sections in the two journals analyzed. Although there is some variability among the manuscripts, the introduction is clearly a section with fewer paragraphs (p < 0.001), while the remaining sections are somewhat balanced (p > 0.05), especially for original manuscripts of JACC, in which the sections of methods, results and discussion tend to have eight to nine paragraphs. When the distributions of paragraphs between ABC and JACC are compared, introductions and discussions tend to have more paragraphs in ABC than in JACC, respectively, 3.8 versus 2.4 (p < 0.01) and 10.4 versus 8.8 (p = 0.04). Based on these results, in our personal experience as authors of original manuscripts and according to other authors' opinions 4,8-10 , a simple content model may be proposed within the IMRaD format, taking 25-30 paragraphs as standard for an original manuscript. For practical purposes, one page is considered one page in a word processor, with conventional margins and with a 1.5 line spacing and font size 11. Unfolding the sections Introduction: 1 page (ideally), maximum 400 words over 1-4 paragraphs (ideally 3) – some journals restrict this to 350 words (E.g.: ABC); 5-10 references. e21 Viewpoint Araújo 25-30 paragraphs to write the manuscript Arq Bras Cardiol. 2014; 102(2):e21-e23 *These paragraphs are optional, and often the contents can se incorporated into the previous paragraph(s). Figure 1 -Comparative analysis on the number of paragraphs per section of IMRaD for original manuscripts between Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (Arq Bras Cardiol) and Journal of The American College of Cardiology (JACC). I: introduction; M: methods; R: results; D: discussion. The box-plot represents median values, the first and third quartiles and 5 th and 95 th percentiles.*Significant difference between the number of paragraphs of the two journals for this section. Methods: 2-3 pages (possibly higher in experiments resorting to innovative methods or plenty of techniques or sophisticated statistics) – not exceeding 750 words over 6-9 paragraphs; 5-15 references Results: 2-3 pages of text, figures and tables, as strictly necessary; not exceeding 1,000 words over 4-9 paragraphs; usually without references. Discussion: 3-4 pages of text; this is usually the most extensive part of the manuscript relating to word count (4,8-10) , with 1,000-1,500 words distributed over up to 10 paragraphs; including a conclusion paragraph, although some journals consider the latter another text section. The discussion usually has 10-20 references, with some of them possibly appearing in previous text sections.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 03/2014; 102(2):e21. · 1.32 Impact Factor
Dataset: A six time ultraman marathon winner
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ABSTRACT: Artigo recebido em 24/07/13; revisado em 09/08/13; aceito em 12/08/13. Palavras-chave Artigo de Revista; Redação; Metodologia; Bibliometria. DOI: xxx/abc.2013xxxx No exercício profissional, o médico se depara frequentemente com situações inéditas ou propostas e ideias inovadoras. Muitas vezes, como fruto do seu treinamento e competência, surgem hipóteses a serem testadas e são realizadas pesquisas. Essas pesquisas são concluídas e os seus resultados submetidos a apresentações como temas livres em congressos. Contudo, a efetiva concretização desse processo criativo só ocorre com a publicação do artigo científico e é nesta última etapa que a grande maioria dos esforços esbarra e não avança 1,2 . Há várias razões pelas quais os acadêmicos, os internos, os residentes e os estudantes de pós-graduação e até mesmo os médicos profissionalmente mais experientes podem não avançar do resumo em congresso para o artigo completo em um periódico científico, porém, muito provavelmente, a mais importante é a dificuldade na redação dos apenas 25-30 parágrafos que compõem um artigo original. Diante de uma folha de papel vazia ou de um cursor piscando em uma página em branco do processador de texto na tela do monitor, muitos param e desistem. Em artigo anterior 3 , analisamos e sugerimos aprimoramentos para o processo de revisão por pares. No presente ponto de vista, propomos uma estratégia prática de sistematização da redação dos parágrafos científicos, visando simplificar essa tarefa. Pretende-se, assim, aumentar a taxa de publicação como artigo completo de muitos dos excelentes resumos de comunicações apresentadas anualmente nos principais congressos médicos e facilitar o atualmente congestionado processo de revisão por pares. O formato da comunicação científica vem evoluindo bastante ao longo dos séculos 4-7 , tornando a leitura mais objetiva e padronizada. Dentro desse processo, destaca-se a formatação IMRaD 4,5,7 , sigla derivada das iniciais das principais seções do artigo -introdução, métodos, resultados e discussão. Ao longo do século XX, o formato IMRaD passou a ser cada vez mais utilizado, representando cerca de 10% dos artigos na década de 1950, passando a predominar nos anos 1960 e alcançando 80% nos anos 1970 7 . Atualmente, o IMRaD é o formato recomendado e adotado pelos principais periódicos científicos da área médica de todo o mundo, incluindo os Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC). Além da formatação IMRaD, o artigo original submetido para publicação deve atender a normas e regras específicas de cada um dos periódicos. Ainda que tenda a prevalecer um padrão razoavelmente uniforme, diferenças existem e devem ser observadas por ocasião da redação. Por exemplo, o número de palavras é limitado a 4.500 nos ABC e a 5.000 no JACC, incluindo o texto propriamente dito e as referências. Considerando que a parte das referências, em geral limitadas a 30-40, usa cerca de mil palavras, sobram algo como 3.500-4.000 para o corpo do texto, ou seja, para serem utilizados nos 25-30 parágrafos do IMRaD, correspondendo a cerca de 130 palavras cada um. Na busca por evidências e dados objetivos, foram analisados, como amostra de conveniência, todos os artigos originais publicados nos números de janeiro de 2012 e de 2013 dos ABC e do JACC (neste somente os dois primeiros números desses meses). Observou-se uma tendência bastante clara para o número total de parágrafos e para a sua distribuição dos parágrafos pelas quatro seções do IMRaD de um artigo. Para os 20 artigos dos ABC e os 34 artigos do JACC, o número médio de parágrafos foi de 28,9 e de 28,2 (p = 0,703), respectivamente, com 1/3 deles contendo 25-30 parágrafos e 57% do total de artigos com o total de 22-33 parágrafos. Essa relativa constância é bastante interessante de observar e destacar, considerando que os tópicos e áreas abordados, assim como a formação e até mesmo a nacionalidade dos autores, são bastante diversos. Sendo assim, corrobora-se a ideia de que existe um formato básico a ser seguido para uma efetiva publicação. A Figura 1 ilustra a distribuição dos parágrafos para as diversas seções do IMRaD nos dois periódicos analisados. Embora haja alguma variabilidade entre os artigos, a introdução é claramente a seção com menor número de parágrafos (p < 0,001), enquanto há certo equilíbrio entre as demais seções (p > 0,05), especialmente para os artigos originais do JACC, no qual as seções de métodos, resultados e discussão tendem a ter entre oito e nove parágrafos. Quando são comparadas as distribuições de parágrafos entre os ABC e o JACC, verifica-se que a introdução e a discussão tendem a ter mais parágrafos nos ABC do que no JACC, respectivamente, 3,8 versus 2,4 (p < 0,01) e 10,4 versus 8,8 (p = 0,04). Com base nesses resultados, na nossa experiência pessoal como autor de artigos originais e na opinião de outros autores 4,8-10 , é possível propor, dentro da formatação IMRaD, um modelo simples do conteúdo a ser abordado nos 25-30 parágrafos que costumam compor um artigo científico original. Para efeito prático, considera-se uma lauda como uma página no processador de texto, com margens convencionais e utilizando o espaçamento de 1,5 linhas e fonte de tamanho 11. e21 Ponto de Vista Araújo 25 a 30 parágrafos para escrever o artigo Arq Bras Cardiol. 2014; 102(2):e21-e23 Desdobrando as seções Introdução: 1 lauda (idealmente); máximo de 400 palavras em 1-4 parágrafos (ideal 3) – algumas revistas limitam a 350 palavras (p. ex., ABC); 5-10 referências. Métodos: 2-3 laudas (eventualmente maior em experimentos com métodos inovadores ou com muitas técnicas ou estatística muito complexa) – não exceder 750 palavras em 6-9 parágrafos; 5-15 referências. Resultados: 2-3 laudas de texto, e figuras e tabelas conforme o estritamente necessário; não exceder 1.000 palavras em 4-9 parágrafos; normalmente sem referências. Discussão: 3-4 laudas de texto; costuma ser a parte mais extensa do artigo em número de palavras (4, 8-10), com 1.000-1.500 palavras distribuídas em até 10 parágrafos; inclui um parágrafo de conclusões, ainda que alguns periódicos o coloquem como mais uma seção do texto; costuma contemplar 10-20 referências, algumas delas podendo já ter aparecido em seções anteriores do texto. Desdobrando os parágrafos Introdução 1. Problema – o que se sabe?
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ABSTRACT: Although substantial evidence relates reduced exercise heart rate (HR) reserve and recovery to a higher risk of all-cause mortality, a combined indicator of these variables has not been explored. Our aim was to combine HR reserve and recovery into a single index and to assess its utility to predict all-cause mortality. Retrospective cohort analysis. Participants were 1476 subjects (937 males) aged between 41 and 79 years who completed a maximal cycle cardiopulmonary exercise test while not using medication with negative chronotropic effects or having an implantable cardiac pacemaker. HR reserve (HR maximum - HR resting) and recovery (HR maximum - HR at 1-min post exercise) were calculated and divided into quintiles. Quintile rankings were summed yielding an exercise HR gradient (EHRG) ranging from 2 to 10, reflecting the magnitude of on- and off-HR transients to exercise. Survival analyses were undertaken using EHRG scores and HR reserve and recovery in the lowest quintiles (Q1). During a mean follow up of 7.3 years, 44 participants died (3.1%). There was an inverse trend for EHRG scores and death rate (p < 0.05) that increased from 1.2% to 13.5%, respectively, for scores 10 and 2. An EHRG score of 2 was a better predictor of all-cause mortality than either Q1 for HR reserve (<80 bpm) or HR recovery alone (<27 bpm): age-adjusted hazard ratios: 3.53 (p = 0.011), 2.52 (p < 0.05), and 2.57 (p < 0.05), respectively. EHRG, a novel index combining HR reserve and HR recovery, is a better indicator of mortality risk than either response alone.European journal of preventive cardiology. 01/2014;
Article: Cardiorespiratory Optimal Point: A Submaximal Exercise Variable to Assess Panic Disorder Patients.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Panic disorder (PD) patients often report respiratory symptoms and tend to perform poorly during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX), at least partially, due to phobic anxiety. Thus, we hypothesized that a submaximal exercise variable, minimum VE/VO2 - hereafter named cardiorespiratory optimal point (COP) -, may be useful in their clinical assessment. Data from 2,338 subjects were retrospectively analyzed and 52 (2.2%) patients diagnosed with PD (PDG) (70% women; aged 48±13 years). PD patients were compared with a healthy control group (CG) precisely matched to number of cases, age and gender profiles. PDG was further divided into two subgroups, based on having achieved a maximal or a submaximal CPX (unwilling to continue until exhaustion). We compared COP, VO2 max, maximum heart rate (HR max) between PDG and CG, and also COP between maximal and submaximal PD subgroups. COP was similar between PDG and CG (21.9±0.5 vs. 23.4±0.6; p = 0.07), as well as, for PD subgroups of maximal and submaximal CPX (22.0±0.5 vs. 21.6±1.3; p = 0.746). Additionally, PD patients completing a maximal CPX obtained VO2 max (mL.kg-1.min-1) (32.9±1.57 vs 29.6±1.48; p = 0.145) and HR max (bpm) similar to controls (173±2.0 vs 168±2.7; p = 0.178). No adverse complications occurred during CPX. Although clinically safe, it is sometimes difficult to obtain a true maximal CPX in PD patients. Normalcy of cardiorespiratory interaction at submaximal effort as assessed by COP may contribute to reassure both patients and physicians that there is no physiological substrate for exercise-related respiratory symptoms often reported by PD patients.PLoS ONE 01/2014; 9(8):e104932. · 3.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Resumo Fundamentos: A ansiedade cardíaca (AC) é o medo de sensações cardíacas, caracterizado por sintomas recorrentes de ansiedade em pacientes com ou sem doença cardiovascular. O Questionário de Ansiedade Cardíaca (QAC) é uma ferramenta para avaliar a AC, já adaptado, mas não validado em português. Objetivo: Este trabalho apresenta as três fases dos estudos de validação do QAC brasileiro. Métodos: Foram recrutados 98 pacientes com doença arterial coronária, a fim de extrair a estrutura fatorial e avaliar a confiabilidade do QAC (fase 1). O objetivo da fase 2 foi explorar a validade convergente e divergente. Cinquenta e seis pacientes completaram o QAC, juntamente com o Escala de sensações corporais (ESC) e o Versão brasileira do Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). Para determinar a validade discriminante (fase 3), comparamos os escores do QAC de dois subgrupos formados por pacientes da fase 1 (n = 98), de acordo com os diagnósticos de transtorno do pânico e agorafobia obtidos com o MINI – Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Mini Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional). Resultados: A solução de dois fatores foi a mais interpretável (46,4% da variância). As subescalas foram denominadas de "Medo e Hipervigilância" (n = 9; alfa = 0,88) e "Evitação" (n = 5; alfa = 0,82). Foi encontrada correlação significativa do fator 1 com o escore total do ESC (p < 0,01), mas não com o fator 2. Os fatores do SPIN apresentaram correlações significativas com as subescalas do QAC (p < 0,01). Na fase 3, os escores dos pacientes "Cardíacos com pânico" foram significativamente maiores no fator 1 do QAC (t = -3,42; p < 0,01, IC = -1,02 a -0,27), e maiores, mas não significativamente diferentes, no fator 2 (t = -1,98; p = 0,51, IC = -0.87 a 0,00).
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ABSTRACT: Treinamento para disfunção vagal cardíaca com repetições da transição repouso-exercício Título em inglês: Training for cardiac vagal dysfunction with repetitions of rest-exercise transition Resumo Disfunção vagal cardíaca está associada com um pior prognóstico clínico e um dos potenciais benefícios do exercício físico regular é aumentar o tônus vagal cardíaco (TVC). Como nas tran-sições repouso-exercício-repouso o TVC é rapidamente inibido e reativado, hipotetizou-se que um treinamento repetido desta transição -denominado treinamento vagal (TV) -, em indiví-duos com TVC reduzido, poderia reverter essa disfunção. Participantes que ingressaram em um programa de exercício supervisionado (PES) com índice vagal cardíaco (IVC) baixo (≤ 1,30 no 44 pacientes (64% homens; 65,5 ±11,4 anos) finalizaram o estudo. Houve discreta melhora no IVC ao final de 16 semanas (1,19 vs 1,22; p=0,02), mas não se pôde afirmar que a diferença no IVC se deveu ao período em que foi realizado o TV (p=0,36). Portanto, 16 semanas de PES incluindo oito semanas de TV aumentou a resposta vagal à transição repouso -exercício, embora não tenha sido possível atribuir os resultados exclusivamente ao TV. Futuros estudos são necessários para esclarecer se o TV, com maior número de repetições e/ou período de duração mais longo, poderá promover uma melhora mais acentuada do TVC em indivíduos com níveis iniciais baixos. Palavras-chave Sistema nervoso parassimpático; Reabilitação cardíaca; Teste de 4 segundos; Testes autonômicos. Abstract Vagal dysfunction is related to a worse clinical prognosis and one of the potential benefits of regular exercise is to increase cardiac vagal tone (CVT). Since CVT is quickly inhibited and reactivated in the fast rest-exercise-rest transition, it was hypothesized that a training of this transition – called vagal training (VT) -in individuals with reduced CVT could reverse this condition. Patients with low cardiac vagal index (CVI) (≤ 1.30 on the 4-secondexercise test) starting a supervised exercise program (SEP) were randomized in a crossover design (two phases, eight weeks each), with or without three weekly VT sessions. VT consisted of five repetitions of sudden, fast unloaded pedaling for five seconds in a cyclergometer, and resting seated for 55 seconds. After applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria (medication use, clinical condition and adherence to SEP), 44 patients (64 % men and 65.5 ± 11.4 years) completed the study. There was a slight improvement in the CVI at the end of 16 weeks (1.19 vs 1.22, p = 0.02), but it could not be stated this difference was due to the VT (p = 0.36). Therefore, 16 weeks of SEP, including eight weeks of VT training, increased the CVI of those with lower CVI, but this improvement could not be attributed exclusively to the additional VT. Further studies are needed to clarify if more repetitions or a longer period of VT would promote even greater CVT recovery.
Article: Evidence for the Role of Isometric Exercise Training in Reducing Blood Pressure: Potential Mechanisms and Future Directions.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Hypertension, or the chronic elevation in resting arterial blood pressure (BP), is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and estimated to affect ~1 billion adults worldwide. The goals of treatment are to lower BP through lifestyle modifications (smoking cessation, weight loss, exercise training, healthy eating and reduced sodium intake), and if not solely effective, the addition of antihypertensive medications. In particular, increased physical exercise and decreased sedentarism are important strategies in the prevention and management of hypertension. Current guidelines recommend both aerobic and dynamic resistance exercise training modalities to reduce BP. Mounting prospective evidence suggests that isometric exercise training in normotensive and hypertensive (medicated and non-medicated) cohorts of young and old participants may produce similar, if not greater, reductions in BP, with meta-analyses reporting mean reductions of between 10 and 13 mmHg systolic, and 6 and 8 mmHg diastolic. Isometric exercise training protocols typically consist of four sets of 2-min handgrip or leg contractions sustained at 20-50 % of maximal voluntary contraction, with each set separated by a rest period of 1-4 min. Training is usually completed three to five times per week for 4-10 weeks. Although the mechanisms responsible for these adaptations remain to be fully clarified, improvements in conduit and resistance vessel endothelium-dependent dilation, oxidative stress, and autonomic regulation of heart rate and BP have been reported. The clinical significance of isometric exercise training, as a time-efficient and effective training modality to reduce BP, warrants further study. This evidence-based review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of isometric exercise training on resting BP.Sports Medicine 10/2013; · 5.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Cardiac Anxiety (CA) is the fear of cardiac sensations, characterized by recurrent anxiety symptoms, in patients with or without cardiovascular disease. The Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) is a tool to assess CA, already adapted but not validated to Portuguese. This paper presents the three phases of the validation studies of the Brazilian CAQ. To extract the factor structure and assess the reliability of the CAQ (phase 1), 98 patients with coronary artery disease were recruited. The aim of phase 2 was to explore the convergent and divergent validity. Fifty-six patients completed the CAQ, along with the Body Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). To determine the discriminative validity (phase 3), we compared the CAQ scores of two subgroups formed with patients from phase 1 (n = 98), according to the diagnoses of panic disorder and agoraphobia, obtained with the MINI - Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. A 2-factor solution was the most interpretable (46.4% of the variance). Subscales were named "Fear and Hypervigilance" (n=9; alpha = 0.88), and "Avoidance", (n = 5; alpha = 0.82). Significant correlation was found between factor 1 and the BSQ total score (p<0.01), but not with factor 2. SPIN factors showed significant correlations with CAQ subscales (p < 0.01). In phase 3, "Cardiac with panic" patients scored significantly higher in CAQ factor 1 (t = -3.42; p < 0.01, CI = -1.02 to -0.27), and higher, but not significantly different, in factor 2 (t = -1.98; p = 0.51, CI = -0.87 to 0.00). These results provide a definite Brazilian validated version of the CAQ, adequate to clinical and research settings.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 10/2013; · 1.32 Impact Factor
Dataset: Análise da estabilidade de uma variável submáxima em teste cardiopulmonar de exercício Ponto ótimo cardiorrespiratório[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Análise da estabilidade de uma variável submáxima em teste cardiopulmonar de exercício: ponto ótimo cardiorrespiratório Analysis of the stability of a submaximal variable in the cardiopulmonary exercise testing: Cardiopulmonary optimal point Resumo O presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar a estabilidade do ponto ótimo cardiorrespiratório (POC) em dois testes cardiopulmonares de exercício máximos (TCPEs), realizados em cicloer-gômetro de membros inferiores. Para tanto, foram analisados retrospectivamente os dados de 1334 indivíduos avaliados por no mínimo duas vezes entre 1995 e 2013, sendo identificados, a partir de rígidos critérios de inclusão, 222 pacientes (159 homens) com a idade de 55±11,6 anos. Logo, foram verificados os dados do POC obtidos a partir da análise da ventilação e do consumo de oxigênio em cada minuto do TCPE, o VO 2 máximo, e as curvas de eficiência do consumo de oxigênio (OUES) e do equivalente ventilatório de dióxido de carbono (VE/VCO 2 slope), sendo a estabilidade avaliada pelos coeficientes de correlação intraclasse. A mediana do intervalo de tempo entre os dois TCPEs foi de 1,6 anos. Os valores de cada uma das variáveis obtidas nos dois TCPEs apresentaram altas e significativas associações (p <0,01), sendo: VO-2 max r i = 0,93 (IC95% = 0,91 a 0,94); POC r i = 0,87; (IC95% = 0,82 a 0,90); OUES r i = 0,90 (IC95% = 0,87 a 0,93) e VE/VCO 2 slope r i = 0,74 (IC95% = 0,67 a 0,80). Concluímos que, em condições controladas, o POC é um índice ventilatório bastante estável em TCPEs realizadas em indivíduos adultos, com níveis de estabilidade similar ou superior de outras variáveis ou índices consagrados na literatura, corroborando, dessa forma, seu potencial de utilização em pesquisas fisiológicas e na prática clínica. Palavras-chave
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The heart rate (HR) achieved at the end of an exercise test (ET) is called maximal HR and is known to have clinical and epidemiological relevance. For its correct measurement, it is necessary that the ET be truly maximal. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of a history of intense physical activity and/or participation in sports competitions during youth on the maximal HR (% of age-predicted HR) on a clinical cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). METHODS: A total of 600 non-athlete individuals (65.8% males) with a mean age of 46 ± 13.7 years, under primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and who underwent maximal CPET, were retrospectively selected. Their physical activity profile during childhood/adolescence (PAPCA) was classified in scores growing from 0 to 4, with value 2 corresponding to their respective age-predicted levels. RESULTS: None of the 20 individuals with maximal HR values equal to or greater than 200 bpm had been inactive or somewhat active during childhood/adolescence. A significant association was observed between PAPCA scores and maximal HR (% of age-predicted HR) (p = 0.02), with a 7-bpm higher value for PAPCA scores 3-4 (32.9% of the sample) in comparison to PAPCA 0-2. CONCLUSION: Two hypotheses exist to explain these results in individuals who had been more active during youth: a) persistence of chronic adaptations to training on the cardiac chronotropism, or b) higher ability and/or motivation to achieve a truly maximal CPET. Information on the physical activity profile during childhood / adolescence may contribute to the interpretation of maximal HR on ET.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 04/2013; · 1.32 Impact Factor
Article: Maximum oxygen consumption measurement: valuable biological marker in health and in sickness.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 04/2013; 100(4):e51-e53. · 1.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although aging is commonly linked to a reduction in joint range of motion, it is unclear if all body joints behave similarly. To address this issue, the main purpose of this study was to compare age-related loss of mobility of seven body joints. A total of 6,000 participants (3,835 men and 2,165 women) aged 5 to 92 years took part in this study. The maximal passive range of motion of 20 movements was evaluated by Flexitest, and each movement was scored from 0 to 4. Composite scores were obtained for each of seven joints and for overall flexibility (Flexindex (FLX)) by adding individual movement scores. Confirming previous findings, FLX systematically decreased with aging (p < .001), with female participants being more flexible for all ages (p < 0.001) and having a more gradual, 0.6 % vs. 0.8 %/year, age reduction (p < .001). Starting at 30 and 40 years, respectively, for male and female participants, the relative contribution of each composite joint score to FLX dramatically changed. Shoulder contribution to FLX male's score went from 13.9 % at 28 years of age to only 5.2 % at 85 years of age. In general, proportionally, shoulder and trunk became less flexible, while elbow and knee mobility was preserved to a greater extent. Our findings indicated that age-related loss of mobility is rather joint-specific, which could be related to distinct routine usage patterns of the major body joints along life.Age 03/2013; · 6.28 Impact Factor
Article: [In Process Citation]Arq Bras Cardiol. 01/2013; 101(6 Suppl 2):1-63.
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ABSTRACT: Background:While cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly related to survival, there are limited data regarding musculoskeletal fitness indicators. Our aim was to evaluate the association between the ability to sit and rise from the floor and all-cause mortality.Design:Retrospective cohort.Methods:2002 adults aged 51-80 years (68% men) performed a sitting-rising test (SRT) to and from the floor, which was scored from 0 to 5, with one point being subtracted from 5 for each support used (hand/knee). Final SRT score, varying from 0 to 10, was obtained by adding sitting and rising scores and stratified in four categories for analysis: 0-3; 3.5-5.5, 6-7.5, and 8-10.Results:Median follow up was 6.3 years and there were 159 deaths (7.9%). Lower SRT scores were associated with higher mortality (p < 0.001). A continuous trend for longer survival was reflected by multivariate-adjusted (age, sex, body mass index) hazard ratios of 5.44 (95% CI 3.1-9.5), 3.44 (95% CI 2.0-5.9), and 1.84 (95% CI 1.1-3.0) (p < 0.001) from lower to higher SRT scores. Each unit increase in SRT score conferred a 21% improvement in survival.Conclusions:Musculoskeletal fitness, as assessed by SRT, was a significant predictor of mortality in 51-80-year-old subjects. Application of a simple and safe assessment tool such as SRT, which is influenced by muscular strength and flexibility, in general health examinations could add relevant information regarding functional capabilities and outcomes in non-hospitalized adults.European journal of preventive cardiology. 12/2012;
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ABSTRACT: Cardiac vagal tone (CVT), a key determinant of resting heart rate (HR), is progressively withdrawn with incremental exercise and nearly abolished at maximal effort. While maximal HR decreases with age, there remains a large interindividual variability of results for any given age. In the present study, we hypothesized that CVT does not contribute to age-independent maximal HR. Data were obtained from 1 000 (39±14 years old) healthy subjects (719 men) who were not taking medications affecting CVT or maximal HR performed a clinically normal and truly maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing. CVT was estimated using the cardiac vagal index (CVI), a dimensionless ratio obtained by dividing 2 cardiac cycle durations - end of exercise and pre-exercise -, reflecting HR increases during a 4-s unloaded cycling test (a vagally-mediated response). Maximal HR was expressed as % of that predicted by age (208-0.7 × age (years)). Linear regression analyses identified that CVI can explain only 1% of the % age-predicted maximal HR variability with a high standard error of estimate (~6.3%), indicating the absence of a true physiological cause-effect relationship. In conclusion, the influence of CVI on % of age-predicted maximal HR is null in healthy subjects, suggesting distinct physiological mechanisms and potential clinical complementary role for these exercise-related variables.International Journal of Sports Medicine 11/2012; · 2.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish whether flexibility influences the ability to sit and rise from the floor. DESIGN: Subjects aged 6-92 yrs (n = 3927 [2645 men]) performed the Sitting-Rising Test (SRT) and the Flexitest on the same laboratory visit. The SRT evaluates components of musculoskeletal function by assessing the subject's ability to sit and rise from the floor, which was scored from 0 to 5, with 1 point being subtracted from 5 for each support used (hand/knee). The subject's final SRT score, varying from 0 to 10, was obtained by adding the sitting and rising scores. The Flexitest evaluates the maximum passive range of motion of 20 body joint movements. For each one of the movements, there are five possible scores, 0-4, in a crescent mobility order. Adding the results of the 20 movements provides an overall flexibility score called the Flexindex (FLX). RESULTS: The SRT score differed when the Flexindex results were stratified into quartiles: 6-26, 27-35, 36-44, and 45-77 (P < 0.001). The SRT and Flexindex scores were moderately and positively associated (r = 0.296; P < 0.001). In addition, the subjects with an SRT score of 0 are less flexible for all 20 Flexitest movements than those scoring 10 are. CONCLUSIONS: Although seemingly simple tasks, the actions of sitting and rising from the floor are also partially dependent on flexibility in male and female subjects of a wide age range. Future studies should explore the potential benefit of regular flexibility exercises for these actions.American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists 11/2012; · 1.56 Impact Factor
Article: Cardiorespiratory optimal point: a submaximal variable of the cardiopulmonary exercise testing.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: At the maximal Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), several ventilatory variables are analyzed, including the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2). The minimum VE/VO2 value reflects the best integration between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and may be called "Cardiorespiratory Optimal Point (COP)". OBJECTIVE: To determine the behavior of the COP according to gender and age in healthy adults and verify its association with other CPET variables. METHODS: Of 2,237 individuals, 624 were selected (62% men and 48 ± 12 years), non- athletes, healthy, who were submitted to maximal CPET. COP or minimum VE/VO2 was obtained from the analysis of ventilation and oxygen consumption in every minute of CPET. We investigated the association between age and COP for both genders, as well as associations with: VO2max, VO2 at anaerobic threshold (VO2AT), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and with maximum VE. We also compared the intensity of exertion (MET) at the COP, AT and VO2max. RESULTS: COP increases with age, being 23.2 ± 4.48 and 25.0 ± 5.14, respectively, in men and women = (p < 0.001). There are moderate and inverse associations with VO2max (r = -0.47; p < 0.001), with VO2AT (r = -0.42; p < 0.001) and with OUES (r = -0.34; p < 0.001). COP occurred, on average, at 44% do VO2max and before AT (67% of VO2max) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: COP, a submaximal variable, increases with age and is slightly higher in women. Being modestly associated with other ventilation measures, there seems to be an independent contribution to the interpretation of the cardiorespiratory response to CPET.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia 10/2012; · 1.32 Impact Factor
Article: Psychiatric disorders and cardiac anxiety in exercising and sedentary coronary artery disease patients: a case-control study.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Regular physical exercise has been shown to favorably influence mood and anxiety; however, there are few studies regarding psychiatric aspects of physically active patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of the present study was to compare the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and cardiac anxiety in sedentary and exercising CAD patients. A total sample of 119 CAD patients (74 men) were enrolled in a case-control study. The subjects were interviewed to identify psychiatric disor- ders and responded to the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire. In the exercise group (N = 60), there was a lower prevalence (45 vs 81%; P 0.001) of at least one psychiatric diagnosis, as well as multiple comorbidities, when compared to the sedentary group (N = 59). Considering the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire, sedentary patients presented higher scores compared to exercisers (mean ± SEM = 55.8 ± 1.9 vs 37.3 ± 1.6; P 0.001). In a regression model, to be attending a medically supervised exercise program presented a relevant potential for a 35% reduction in cardiac anxiety. CAD patients regularly attending an exercise program presented less current psychiatric diagnoses and multiple mental-related comorbidities and lower scores of cardiac anxiety. These salutary mental effects add to the already known health benefits of exercise for CAD patients.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas / Sociedade Brasileira de Biofisica ... [et al.] 09/2012; · 1.08 Impact Factor
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Heroes Rundown Chapter 5: "Fight or Flight"
Heroes Rundown Chapter 5: "Fight or Flight"
This week's episode had a couple key things that revived my love of Heroes: Kristen Bell and Nightmare Man. We didn't get to see too much of Elle and her electrifying power, but just the taste was enough for me. Too bad we won't be seeing Elle again for a few episodes, as Bell explained recently.
However, this episode also featured some massive lapses in judgment that I found distracting. More on that later.
I certainly did not miss some of the more tiresome storylines, like the West-Claire stuff, or the Maya-Alejandro drama. Could have done without Niki's issues in this episode, and I'd like to find out where the Monica thing is going, too. For more of my thoughts on the episode and to share your own (spoilers ahead!) read more
- I actually like Peter with Caitlin, I think they're pretty cute. And hooray for some romance on this show that doesn't involve Claire and West!
- It's so good to see Kristen Bell on TV again!
- Both Elle and Nathan utter the line, "I can take care of myself."
- Lapse of Judgment No. 1: Nathan tells Matt to read his father's mind — with his father right there. If we've learned anything about Matt's power it's that as soon as people know that he can read minds they control their thoughts. That seemed foolish on Nathan's part.
- Lapse of Judgment No. 2: Matt takes the handcuffs off his dad! And then follows him around the apartment like an idiot! He later says "I knew this was a con, I knew I couldn't trust him." Then why did you take off the handcuffs, Matt?!
- On the topic of Nightmare Man/Mr. Parkman, his power is insanely cool/scary, making people experience their worst nightmares (or making them think they're experiencing them).
- Lapse of Judgment No. 3: Mohinder takes Molly to the Company! Come on, Mohinder!
- Does Bob remind anyone else of the dramatic version of Kevin from The Office?
- That Parkman/Nathan wrestling match is awesome/brutal/terrifying. See, we need more stuff like that and less of Ando reading scrolls about Hiro's story which currently seems useless.
- Who's Elle's daddy? My money's on HRG.
Photos courtesy of NBC
Kristen Bell
Milo Ventimiglia
Hayden Panettiere
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- The most epic young adult romances of 2014 — POPSUGAR Love & Sex


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A fast but flavorful way to grill lamb. Using Za'atar as a spice rub adds a nice element to lamb. Za'atar is a spice mix used in Middle Eastern cooking, ingredients can vary by region. The mix I used is made with wild thyme and sumac mixed with roasted sesame seeds and salt.
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The Strip Club-[CS-17]-part-1-of-1
Nov 10, 2014
The Strip Club Part-1-of-1.It was Friday night and I was in the mood to suck some cock. It was my intentions to hit a couple adult bookstores…one with glory-holes and one with a movie theater. They're active at different times so hitting the hot times at both is easy. Unfortunately at the last minute my plans were thwarted when some of my buddies came by at the last minute to get me to go... read more


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Earlier went to sister hotel, the Streetview Hotel but they didn't have large enough room to accommodate our family so they referred us to Riverview Hotel. They had room with two queen-sized bed. Rate was par for the course. Beds were reasonably comfy, room were reasonably clean. Furniture were not really modern but still in good condition. Bathroom were clean.... More
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One of several rusted metal sculptures made by students in a small park-ette in Emerald Hills.
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Added Nov 26, 2012
Lausanne, Switze...
That's a reversible corset out of nowhere… More details on www.aurorasysirenas.com
Nov 26, 2012, 10.37 PMby Mary Athey
Fab x
Nov 28, 2012, 08.23 AMby auroras-y-sirenas
Thanx Mary ;)
Nov 26, 2012, 08.22 PMby chased-away
I really like these corsets, especially the first one :)
Nov 28, 2012, 08.23 AMby auroras-y-sirenas
Thank you for your comment :) It's in fact the same corset but it is reversible. I prefer also the girly side to the color-block side.
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Posted June 11, 2013 on AP on Fox
Vonta Leach was released Tuesday by the Baltimore Ravens, who failed to agree on a restructured contract with the All-Pro fullback. Leach was an integral part of a running game that helped the Ravens become champions last season. Paving the way for standout halfback Ray Rice, Leach made the Pro Bowl in each of his two seasons with Baltimore and was a key figure in the locker room. ''He played a significant role in helping us get to the AFC Championship game in 2011 and win the Super Bowl last season,'' general manager Ozzie Newsome said. ''He added to our toughness and will to win. Plus, he provided leadership.'' After negotiations reached a standstill, both sides agreed it would be best to terminate Leach's contract. But Newsome left open the possibility that Leach could return if he fails to find an adequate suitor in the free-agent market. ''We could revisit this before or during training camp,'' Newsome said. Baltimore beg...
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Dr. Sabah H. Amir, MD
Adolescent Medicine, Mainland Pediatric Associates
- 741 S 2nd Ave Ste B
Galloway, NJ 08205
- 1 Office Location
- (609) 748-8500
Dr. Sabah H. Amir has been practicing medicine for 42 years. Dr. Amir graduated from the Univ of Baghdad, Coll of Med, Baghdad, Iraq in 1972. He practices medicine in Galloway, NJ and specializes in Adolescent Medicine and Pediatrics. Dr. Amir is affiliated with Atlanticare Regional Medical Center. He speaks English and Spanish.
Gender: Male
Years in Practice: 42 Years
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Medical School: Univ of Baghdad, Coll of Med, Baghdad, Iraq
Graduation Date: 1972
Hospital Affiliations: Atlanticare Regional Medical Center
Specialties: Adolescent Medicine, Pediatrics


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During a recent visit to his mother's north London home, NY-based expat DJ, art/publishing player and blogger DB Burkeman took the opportunity to recover some of the ephemera of his youth, including the items you see here.
Many struck a chord; we are approximately of the same vintage and have followed the same interests (though he more intensively in music). For sure we were at some of the same gigs – including Hawkwind's final stands with Stacia at The Roundhouse in 1975 – and also have mutual acquaintances.
I was made up when out of the blue last week DB sent me one of the items he retrieved: a 1967 copy of the Gear Guide booklet (I have the repro issued by Old House a couple of years back).
For a full rundown of DB's finds, read his post on dbdoesablog.com here.
All photos: DB Burkeman.]]>
One of my favourite Instagram feeds is The Family Acid, run by Kate Steffens, daughter of reggae archivist, actor, anthologist, psychedelic pioneer and photographer Roger Steffens.
Steffens formalised his photography while serving in Psy-Ops in Vietnam. In January a new book, also called The Family Acid, will be published to reflect 40 years spent documenting the company of an "ever-revolving circle of friends and characters made up of Rastas, beatniks, musicians, artists, gonzo journalists and his family", according to publisher S_U_N.
The Family Acid also contains texts by Kate and Devon Steffens as well as French musician/artist Bruno Blum (aka Doc Reggae) and Jack Martin, who illustrated Steffens' 1969 anthology My Favourite Poets.
For more details of The Family Acid book visit here.
Limited edition prints are available here and The Family Acid website is here.
Follow the Instagram feed at http://instagram.com/thefamilyacid]]>
My legal claim against Vivienne Westwood, her co-author Ian Kelly and publisher Picador over plagiarism of my work in the recently published memoir of the British fashion designer has been featured across the Australian media.
I was interviewed in Melbourne by Jason Steger, literary editor of The Age, whose article about substantial plagiarism from my book The Look as well as a multitude of factual errors, potential libels and serial failure to correctly credit photographers was picked up by the Sydney Morning Herald and Australia's book industry magazine Books + Publishing.
In Australia the book is being touted as the "No. 1 Bestseller In Commercial Fashion" since it occupies the top two spots in sales ratings for fashion design and textile and costume on amazon.com.au. In The UK it is rated as the "No. 1 Best Seller in Textiles Design Studies" since it is top of both the fashion and textiles sales charts on amazon.co.uk.
As well as the UK and Australia, the memoir – entitled Vivienne Westwood – has been published in translation by Frankfurt-based Eichborn Verlag in Germany, where it is currently flagged as "Bestseller no. 1″ in sales of art and architecture-related biographies on amazon.de, and the US (where it is available as an audiobook and Kindle, currently occupying No. 55 in Kindle Store's textile and costume section on amazon.com).
Publication rights have been granted for the book to come out in Brazil while it is currently available in many international cities around the world, including Hong Kong.
Into the over-worked field of 'street style' comes a breath of fresh air: What We Wore – A People's History Of British Style.
Free of cliche and pretension, Nina Manandhar and Eva Dawoud's book compiles the personal images and anecdotes of a hugely diverse set of contributors.
The book is not dominated by well-known people and the usual suspects who patronise this narrative (though I snuck in there) and so is true to the subtitle; What We Wore celebrates in a thoroughly egalitarian manner "the presentation of self" – Erving Goffman's phrase as cited by Ted Polhemus in his excellent foreword.
What We Wore is a fitting testament to our collective visual invention. I recommend it highly.
Buy What We Wore here.
Holed by these gaffes, the review – in the Sunday Telegraph's Seven magazine published October 26 – is capsized by Hoare's failure to declare a significant interest.
In Kelly's acknowledgements, Hoare's name appears first on the list of those who extended to the author "accommodation, guidance, encouragement and friendship on this project".
On the basis that phrases such as "fetishistically brilliant" justify a thumbs-up, Hoare's review arrived in the wake of the media coverage of my claim against the publisher and the authors over substantial plagiarisation of my book The Look in Vivienne Westwood.
Since I have publicly charged the book with major-league sloppiness, this positive review by a relatively well-known literary figure may be framed in the context of a push to restore credibility to the troubled project (as well as the plagiarisation and the huge amount of factual errors, the book is held to contain at least one serious libel and fails to provide proper credit for a number of photographers).
Hoare – who has post-punk associations, having worked in west London record shop Rough Trade and managed the indie group the Pale Fountains – bravely inserts himself into the piece with personal memories of Westwood's design business with Malcolm McLaren in the 70s and 80s.
According to Hoare – and these are his additions to the blunders already piled high by the 458-page tome – the shop assistants at 430 Kings Road in its incarnation as Sex included not only musician Midge Ure but also actress/performer Toyah Willcox.
Of course neither was employed there. Hoare has simply confused each person's tangential relationships to the McLaren/Westwood coterie: it is well known that Ure was once approached as a possible singer for the Sex Pistols during their formative stage, while Willcox appeared in Derek Jarman's 1978 punk movie Jubilee (the subject of a salty attack printed onto a t-shirt by Westwood).
During the period Hoare is discussing, Ure had already hit the number one spot with Scottish teen-pop band Slik while Willcox was making her acting bones in Birmingham Old Rep before transferring to the National Theatre. A simple check in one of the reliable published sources – of course I recommend The Look – would have put him right.
Against these howlers, we can generously attribute to memory failings Hoare's depiction of shop manager Jordan's "Kandinsky make-up" (it was avowedly based on the work of Mondrian and introduced in 1977 during the later Seditionaries phase) and the "scaffolding rails" in Sex (they were made of curved chrome and expertly-turned wooden gym bar racks courtesy of the trained wheelwright Vic Mead) and instead study Hoare's ownership of a pair of bondage trousers bought at Nostalgia Of Mud, McLaren and Westwood's store in St Christopher's Place in London's West End.
Bondage trousers were not sold at NoM, which opened in spring 1982. By this time McLaren and Westwood had publicly rejected these and other designs produced at the height of punk six years earlier.
In fact so vehement was their abandonment of the punk-era garments that Westwood licensed all the designs, include the patterns for the bondage trousers, to King's Road store Boy, which was knocking them out in inferior copies by the hundred by spring 1982.
Hoare – who has prior in giving glowing reviews to Kelly's previous books – compounds the mistakes in his review by quoting one of the plagiarised passages from my book: "Sex," Westwood tells Kelly,"translated into fashion becomes fetish…the very embodiment of youth's assumption to mortality."
As pointed out here last week, and as my lawyers have communicated to Westwood, Kelly and Picador, this is one of 40 passages in Vivienne Westwood which bear close resemblance to text in my book, in this case from the introduction written by McLaren nearly a decade-and-a-half ago: "Sex translated into fashion becomes fetish, and fetishism is the very embodiment of youth. Youth has to behave irreverently – it has to take drugs because of its fundamental belief in its own immortality."
Read Hoare's review here.]]>
I'm delighted to announce that David Hockney has written the preface to Rethink/Re-Entry, the Derek Boshier monograph I am editing.
In the piece, Hockney points out that they have known each other since 1957, and that Boshier "like me, is an artist, and one who has never lost his wonder at the world".
Boshier's response has of course been creative: he has made a new drawing, David Hockney 22 Times, which will feature in the book, out next year from Thames & Hudson.
I have written about Boshier's engagement with popular music, in particular with David Bowie and The Clash. With an introduction by painter and art historian John M. Walker, Rethink/Re-Entry includes an essay by Tate Britain's Chris Stephens on the artist's painting and his association with British Pop Art in the 60s, while Prof Lisa Tickner homes in on Boshier's participation in Ken Russell's 1962 documentary Pop Goes The Easel.
Boshier's champion, the critic and curator Guy Brett, discusses his friend's disavowal of painting during the 70s as he investigated a variety of other practices, David Brauer – head of the history of art department of the Glassell School of Houston's Museum of Fine Arts – and historian/curator Jim Edwards look at the important period when Boshier was based in Texas in the 80s, and writer and artist Chris Finch – like Boshier, an expat Brit in Los Angeles – details the ways in which California has informed Boshier's most recent work.
Rethink/Re-Entry will be an event in itself; the ever-active Boshier has rendered individual artworks as chapter openers. It will of course, feature reproductions of work from throughout the career of this prodigious and deeply underrated contributor to contemporary art.
Visit Boshier's website here.]]>
Jenni Murray: You've said 'clothes were politics long before fashion'. What did you mean by that?
Vivienne Westwood: I have no idea.
Jenni Murray: Was it something you said to Ian (Kelly) and now you've forgotten?
Vivienne Westwood: No…is that what it says in the book?
Jenni Murray: Yes
Vivienne Westwood: Well then, he might have got a misquote from somewhere.
Woman's Hour, BBC Radio 4, October 14, 2014
I respect Dame Vivienne Westwood's achievements; she has been a significant figure in shaping our collective visual identity.
As someone who is driven to investigate and interpret visual culture, that is important to me. I dedicated a chapter and sections to Westwood's contribution to fashion with and without Malcolm McLaren in the 2001 and 2006 editions of The Look: Adventures In Rock & Pop Fashion.
But she is ill-served by the sloppy new book Vivienne Westwood, recently published by Picador and written by actor/author Ian Kelly.
This is not just because it is riddled with shameful inaccuracies and poor attention to detail: "Jimmy" Hendrix, Pete "Townsend", Scott "Crowley" (Crolla), Eric "Emmerson", Jeremy "Healey" (Healy); "the first Paris show, the Buffaloes collection in 1981" (Pirate was the first show in 1981); "McLaren was just 56 when he died" (he was 64); "on November 6 1976 Vivienne attended the first concert by the Sex Pistols" (performed precisely a year earlier); the Soho gay bar frequented by punks was "Louisa's" (correct spelling: Louise's); Quentin Crisp was living at NYC's Chelsea Hotel when she and McLaren stayed there in August 1973 (Crisp first visited in 1978 and lived there from 1980); etc.
The book contains several outright claims without base. As we know, John Lydon has picked up on the notion floated that Westwood came up with the concept and the title of the Sex Pistols' clarion call Anarchy In The UK, while there is a suggestion that she named The Who back in 1964, and even that her first husband managed that group. Sections of the book insinuate that such Sex and Seditionaries designs as Cowboys, Cambridge Rapist, Smoking Boy, Destroy, Cash From Chaos and You're Gonna Wake Up were solely created by Westwood (I imagine The Clash manager Bernie Rhodes – who came up with YGWU but is not mentioned – will have something to say about that).
Then there is the fact that the book credits to the Vivienne Westwood Collection many images which belong to others, such as the exterior shots of 430 King's Road taken by Bob Gruen (p137) and Sukita Matayoshi (p122), portraits of VW and others by Alain Dister (p167), David Dagley/Rex Features (p159) and David Parkinson (pp115, 142); the architectural sketch for Worlds End by David Connor (p238); the Worlds End catwalk photography by Robyn Beeche (pp37, 254); etc.
Meantime, as reported in British fortnightly Private Eye, the book presents a serious libel by maligning a former employee of Westwood's on the basis that he is dead. Apparently he is not, and nor is the married individual asserted to have been his boyfriend.
My objection, and one which I am pursuing, is that the author helped himself freely to content from The Look, which is on reading lists for University Of The Arts London fashion courses (I am currently preparing the third edition).
In a couple of instances, astonishingly, words written and spoken by McLaren for that book are attributed in direct and indirect quotes to Westwood. There are eight passages alone from McLaren's introduction to The Look.
These and many other excerpts – close to 40 I warrant – bear too close a resemblance to text in The Look to let pass.
My book is credited with 10 references in the chapter 'Notes' section at the back of the book. Of these:
• 2 are not my work and not in The Look;
• 6 are given the wrong page numbers in The Look – if the reader were to look them up they would arrive at entirely different subject matters or, in a couple of cases, full-page illustrations of fashion businesses which have nothing to do with Westwood;
• 1 (the quote on p85 at the top of this post) is negated by the attribution to Westwood in the text. The impression given that these are words uttered by Westwood to Kelly – as opposed to the truth of the matter, which is that McLaren uttered them to me in the bar of the London School Of Economics during his London mayoral campaign of the early 00s (I have all my notes in my archive) - is reinforced by the fact that it, along with all the other passages based on my material, is voiced in Westwood's accent by actress Paula Wilcox in the audiobook published in the UK and US.
It is troubling that this leaves just 1 correct attribution out of the 10 which name me and the other 29 which do not. Yet even this sole example is problematic: confusingly, this note references the second edition of The Look – the substantially different first edition is cited in the Vivienne Westwood bibliography.
I am also named among those whose work has been helpful to Kelly. No kidding. Such acknowledgment I am advised does not justify the substantial (and the legal definition relies on qualitative rather than quantitative factors) borrowing.
As Private Eye reports, I'm not pleased. Nobody likes to have the product of their skill and labour appropriated, apparently quite casually. Another reason is professional. Like the kid with the pin and the inflatable cricket team, Kelly has let the side down.
I have published memoirs with such outspoken characters as Boy George and Goldie. They, and Westwood, are entitled to say what they want, particularly during the process of building books; it is the author's job to protect them by steering and refining the material all the while ensuring the story remains a) well-told and b) free from potential claims of libel, plagiarisation, etc.
In not doing so, this author has seriously undermined the verity of the entire enterprise.
Of course, the publisher takes the primary role in all this, and I would hope that Picador – part of the worldwide Macmillan Group – asks of itself the relevant questions about how, to use one media lawyer's professional opinion of the Westwood book, such "a dog's breakfast" has been allowed to hit the shelves.
Whatever, the fact is that this opportunity to present a cracking tale of a fascinating individual (as delivered in Jane Mulvagh's 1999 Westwood biography An Unfashionable Life) has been scuppered by several factors, including an over-reliance on "misquotes from somewhere".]]>
Augmented by Jeremy Liebman's photographs, the feature makes a strong case for Pesce's significance. "He's the most punk rock person I've ever met," writes Walrod of the 74-year-old.
Issue 18 of Bad Day has sold out but visit the magazine's excellent website for further elucidation.
Liebman's website is here; Pesce's is here.]]>
This features exhibits by those working at the cross-hatches of popular music and artistic practice, including John Armleder, Alix Lambert, John Miller, Genesis Breyer P. Orridge, Mayo Thompson, Don Van Vliet, Alan Vega and of course Malcolm McLaren.
One of the high points of curating the room dedicated to McLaren was publicly presenting for the first time his 1987 work I Will Be So Bad, one of a series he entitled the "Punishment Paintings".
Visitors came from all over France for the preview, and told us they enjoyed the detailing of McLaren's cross-disciplinary approach and collaborations across design, fashion, film, music and videos.
And I was tickled to receive this "souvenir" from the brilliant team who built the exhibition, lead by Eric Pourcel, featuring Richard acting punk:
Art In Pop is curated by Magasin's Yves Aupetitallot with John Armleder, Young Kim of the Malcolm McLaren Estate, John Miller and I, and runs from Oct 11 to January 4, 2015 at Le Magasin, Site Bouchayer-Viallet, 8 esplanade Andry Farcy, 38028 Grenoble.
Details here.
A photograph of Vivienne Westwood – credited to the fashion designer's archive in the new Westwood book with Ian Kelly – put me in mind of an image I have in one of my many books in storage.
At first I couldn't put my finger on the particular tome. Then bingo! Bought eight years ago on publication, the France-only publication Punk Rockers! is a compendium of the photography of the late Alain Dister from the early 70s to the mid-00s.
Among the photographs Dister discusses in the brief foreword is one of Westwood with Malcolm McLaren when they journeyed to Paris to witness a gig by the New York Dolls at the Olympia Theatre in November 1973. This is clearly one of a sequence taken by Dister and featured in Westwood's book.
As Dister writes, McLaren was "habillé en Teddy Boy années 50″. In photographs taken at the French capital's Belle Epoque brasserie La Coupole – where we were happily ensconced with the Dolls' confrère Marc Zermati only last year – the American proto-punk group is shown in all their glory, with guitarist Sylvain Sylvain resplendent in a zippered wool/mohair Let It Rock creation.
Punk Rockers! is a valuable document; Dister cast his unstinting eye as punk mutated from London and New York in the 70s to blossom in such cities as Berlin in the 80s, Seattle in the 90s and Tokyo in the 00s.
Former Melody Maker journalist Chris Charlesworth provides a fascinating snapshot of the Dolls at their debauched peak in Paris here.
Buy copies of Punk Rockers! here.
Dister died in 2008; here is his website.
Vivienne Westwood by Vivienne Westwood and Ian Kelly is reviewed here.]]>


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By Dan Aspel -
General news
08 June 2011 15:10
Have you got a 33bhp-restricted licence? Fancy testing some bikes with MCN?
We're looking for a young rider to take part in next week's "33bhp shoot-out". You'll ride the bikes, tell us your thoughts and feature in biking's biggest weekly publication.
So, if you're young(ish), currently on a 33bhp restricted licence, free on Wednesday 15th June and can get to our offices in Peterborough for a 10am start… email us at: firstname.lastname@example.com
Make sure to include your name, address, contact number, a few words about yourself and anything else you think might help your application. Good luck!
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Not for much longer
10 June 2011 21:05
By "33bhp shootout", you mean Ninja 250 vs CBR250R, right? Why bother, when the verdict is just going to be "They're both good"?
10 June 2011 13:06
09 June 2011 21:34
09 June 2011 21:31
Not only would you consider me too ancient but I'm 180 miles away. Would have loved to do that it's what should have been done ages ago. It so difficult to choose a 33bhp restricted bike cause there ain't no way of having a test ride.
Buggar, buggar,buggar - move your offices to Manchester
08 June 2011 18:16
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There are 4 private schools in zipcode 53546, WI, serving 132 students.
Minority enrollment is 9% of the student body, which is less than the WI state average of 26%.
The student:teacher ratio of 3:1 is lower than the state private school average of 11:1.
53546, Wisconsin Private Schools
- School Location Students Grades
JanesvilleJanesville KinderCare
3327 East Milwaukee Street
Janesville, WI, 53546
(608)755-9970Daycare / Preschooln/a students | Gr. NS-PK
JanesvilleOakhill Christian School
1650 S Oakhill Ave
Janesville, WI, 53546
(608)754-2759(Christian)74 students | Gr. KG-12
JanesvilleRock Prairie Montessori
5246 E Rotamer Road
Janesville, WI, 53546
(608)868-4844Montessori School33 students | Gr. PK-6
JanesvilleWoodland Christian School
4324 E Bingham Road
Janesville, WI, 53546
(608)868-7560(Seventh-Day Adventist)25 students | Gr. 1-8
Zipcode Statistics
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Updated October 26, 2014
What do you do when you are dissatisfied with your local public schools? Homeschool your children? Send them to private school? Let's look at your options.
Your religion matters to you. You want your child to attend a school which will combine academics and religious education. Here is an overview of what is available together with some links to denominational web sites.
Add things up and you'll quickly find the answer- math is crucial both in academics and the real world. By following these strategies and following personal training programs, students can uncover their weaknesses and conquer math.
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Photos and Description of this 3 bedroom holiday bungalow in County Down - Newcastle Rental Home
3 bedroom house with Mountain Views and a 7 minute walk to the beach promenade
Newcastle is noted for the friendly welcome of its residents, its unique setting at the foot of Slieve Donard and on the Irish Sea, the stunning scenery and the historic homes and castles within easy driving range.
This home provides a relaxed and safe base for your family as you explore this area of outstanding beauty.
The house has 3 double bedrooms, sleeps up to 6 people and has private off street parking. There is also a Living Room, Sun Room, Dining Room and Eat-In Kitchen.
The location is ideal for visiting local attractions, dining out and a variety of outdoor activities.
There are stunning views of Slieve Donard from the living room and sun room. Fully renovated and upgraded in the spring of 2013.
The house is a 7 minute walk from the Newcastle Beach and Promenade which have stunning views of the Irish Sea and Slieve Donard mountain.
It is an ideal launching pad for playing the famous Royal County Down golf course.
Some of our travelers have also come to climb Slieve Donard. You can start your trek up the mountain right from the house.
- Suitability:
- Long-term Renters Welcome
- children welcome
- non smoking only
- pets not allowed
About Peter Brannigan
This home is owned by a brother and sister that grew up in the South Down area and we have extensive family in and around the town of Newcastle.
Peter Brannigan purchased this bungalow in 1997
Why Peter Brannigan chose County Down
Our family are from the Newcastle area and this has been our family home since the 1990's. We grew up in Downpatrick, a historic town 14 miles from Newcastle. One of us lives locally and the other lives in the USA, visiting and staying in this home as often as is possible.
What makes this bungalow unique
This home is ideally situated for relaxed exploration, golf enthusiasts (Royal County Down, Ardglass, Downpatirck and Kilkeel Golf Courses) and those wishing to enjoy the stunning scenery and amenities available in the South Down area. The location is perfect for people of all ages since the walk to the center of town is totally flat and takes about 7 minutes.
It is also ideal for those with or without cars given the extensive bus system from the town and the wealth of amenities available within walking distance of the house.
Tollymore Forest park is about a mile away and is perfect for family picnics, hiking or relaxing with beautiful mountain views. Explore the Hermits Cave and the Stepping Stones across the river.
Guestbook comments from the owner
I would highly recommend this house, me and my friends stayed for a weekend break. As soon as I walked through the door the owner Joan welcomed me and showed me around the house. It was in brilliant condition, very cosy. Also she went through everything I needed to know. She also kindly left some refreshments. It was the lowest price I looked at and was definitely the best refurbished. It was brilliant to find that it was only a few minutes walk from Newcastle town and beach. I had an amazing time here and I will be back for sure. I would recommend this place for any breaks away or a family break. I had a ball.


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Lauren raspberry is an early-midseason variety that has a large size with wonderful flavor! You will be pleased with the large quantities of uniform, high-quality
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Orgeade is traditionally a sweet, flavoured, cloudy syrup made from barley, almonds, sugar and a flavouring such as orange or rose water.
In France, and in English speaking countries, the barley was dropped, with milk making up for making the cloudiness, then that got dropped too and it just became an almond-flavoured sugar syrup known as "Orgeat Syrup."
In Spanish culinary tradition, Orgeade retained more ingredients, though the barley was switched to rice (it is made with rice, sugar and milk), and later also tigernuts (Horchata de Chufas) in place of the almonds.
In Suriname (northern South America), it's an almond based drink.
"Orge" (French for barley) comes from the Roman word for barley, "Hordeum."
Language Notes
Orgeade was at first called "orge mondé" (hulled barley), then the term was made into one word "orgemonde" by the late 1500s (at which time it was still barley and almonds), then shortened to orgeade or orgeat by the 1600s. In Italy, the word became "orzata" and in Spanish, "horchata."
Related reading
- Agave Syrup
- Almond Syrup
- Barley Malt Syrup
- Birch Syrup
- Black Treacle
- Brown Rice Syrup
- Cane Syrup
- Chocolate Syrup
- Coconut Syrup
- Cordials
- Corn SyrupIf a recipe calls for Corn Syrup, it probably means Corn Syrup that is a golden colour, and which is just referred to as Corn Syrup; otherwise it will specify Light or Dark Corn Syrup. Corn Syrup is very popular in North America, but not well known in other parts of the world, though you can now find it on supermarket shelves in the UK.
- Fig Syrup
- Fox's U-Bet Chocolate Flavor Syrup
- Golden Syrup
- Gum Syrup
- Khus Syrup
- Maple SyrupMaple Syrup comes from the sap of sugar maple trees. Sugar maples are a member of the hard maples group, which includes others such as Black Maple, but it is primarily the sugar maples which are tapped for their sap (red or silver maples can also be tapped.) One tree can produce twelve gallons of maple sap a year, which seems like a lot, until you realize that about 40 US gallons (150 litres) of sap are needed to end up with one US gallon (3 3/4 litres) of Maple Syrup.
- Nectar Syrup
- OrgeadeOrgeade is traditionally a sweet, flavoured, cloudy syrup made from barley, almonds, sugar and a flavouring such as orange or rose water. In France, and in English speaking countries, the barley was dropped, with milk making up for making the cloudiness, then that got dropped too and it just became an almond-flavoured sugar syrup known as Orgeat Syrup.
- Orgeat Syrup
- Pancake SyrupUsually based on corn syrup, Pancake Syrups are meant to taste something like maple syrup and to be put on (North American style) pancakes. Though it is fashionable to knock Pancake Syrup as being a cheap imitation of maple syrup, these syrups can be tasty in their own right, are great on pancakes, and make a great addition to baked beans, etc.
- Rock Candy Syrup
- Rose Syrup
- Stages of Cooked Sugar Syrups for Candy - Temperature GuideMuch of candy-making starts with making a syrup from sugar and water, and then cooking it to certain temperatures depending on the candy being made. All of the temperatures required are over 100 C, which at first seems impossible because the boiling temperature of water is 100 C and it can't get any hotter.
- Sugar Syrup
- Swedish Light Syrup
- Syrups
- Violet Syrup
Also called:
Orgéat (French); Orzata (Italian)
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-- William Shakespeare (26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616)
-- William Shakespeare (26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616)
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