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News & Events
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News for web-enabled phones: To get the latest news, as well as transit schedules and transit service alerts, point your phone's web browser to www.commuterpage.com/mobile/.
Latest News
Metrorail weekend service adjustments Nov. 21-23
Red, Orange, Blue lines affected. Dunn Loring and Vienna stations on the Orange Line will be closed. Free shuttle buses will operate between West Falls Church, Dunn Loring, and Vienna.
November 17, 2014, WMATA
Va., toll road operator urge drivers to pick up E-ZPass Flex
Any driver can use the 95 Express Lanes all day, every day, if they are willing to pay a toll. But with the E-ZPass Flex, HOV users can ride the lanes for free.
Ari Ashe, November 21, 2014, WTOP
VRE close to launching mobile ticket app
The launch date is within sight for a new mobile app that will allow Virginia Railway Express riders to handle all their ticket needs in the palm of their hand.
Scott Shenk, November 21, 2014, fredericksburg.com
D.C. streetcar supporters want to see some movement
Longtime streetcar supporters on the D.C. Council gave city transportation officials a drubbing Friday, warning at an oversight hearing that they need to quickly restore faith in the project or risk seeing it crumble like that of Arlington County's canceled streetcar effort.
Michael Laris, November 21, 2014, Washington Post
Are drivers ready for new 95 Express Lanes in Va.?
Northern Virginia's next new toll road is almost ready for motorists, but the company building the highway says motorists aren't ready for it.
Martin Di Caro, November 21, 2014, WAMU
Safety issues could delay Metro's new rail cars
The new cars were supposed to debut in January, but the Tri-State Oversight Committee told Metro's Board Thursday there are issues that need to be corrected.
Adam Tuss, November 21, 2014, NBC Washington
Some new Metro escalators break down
A handful of Metro's 20 new escalators are similar to the old ones they replaced: out-of-service too often. In fact, one of three new escalators at the Pentagon station has not worked in 40 days.
Martin Di Caro, November 21, 2014, WAMU
Fairfax County bond sale to help pay for Silver Line parking garages
The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors this month cleared the way for the possible sale of $155 million in bonds to help pay for parking garages at two Silver Line stations to be built as part of the rail line's second phase.
Lori Aratani, November 20, 2014, Washington Post
2000 miles of bicycle, pedestrian projects recommended for region
Thousands of miles of bike lanes and pedestrian pathways are planned for the Washington region over the next several decades. The aim is to get people out of their cars and onto bikes or walking paths for the many short trips they make each day.
Martin Di Caro, November 20, 2014, WAMU
Montgomery announces plowing pilot program for CCT
Montgomery Parks on Wednesday said it will plow its section of the Capital Crescent Trail this winter, after complaints last winter from Trail users who encountered icy conditions for days and weeks after snowy weather.
Aaron Kraut, November 19, 2014, Bethesda Now
Many drivers unprepared for opening of 95 Express Lanes
Bike-ped trail in the works for New York Ave. NE
Next big thing: Arlington Blvd. Trail
M St. NE cycletrack might be last one for a while
Company offers free parking to Dulles travelers, but there's a catch
D.C. will force property owners to shovel sidewalks next year
Study urges overhaul of commuter parking and transit tax benefits
Drivers still suspicious about HOT lanes
Let it snow, let it snow, let is snow
Arlington shelves plans for streetcar


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In a criminal case...
Submitted by SuccessCouncil on Fri, 03/08/2013 - 13:03. Permalink
The burden of proof is with the plaintiff, because he is attempting to take away someones freedom.
In a civil case the burden proof is on both parties equally.
Clearly in an instance of advocating government, you are taking away someones freedom, therefore the burden of proof is on that party.
Protect your assets and profit from the greatest wealth transfer in history.
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subset: commoncrawl


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After decades of winning the admiration of stock-car racing fans with his aggressive driving strategy and off-track charisma, Rusty Wallace now gives others the chance to experience the rush of racing. He joined forces with Sodikart to roll out the Rusty Wallace Kart Experience, pairing kart with driver at some of the country's most celebrated racetracks. Racers can hop in a custom RT8 (or its kid-friendly counterpart, the LR4) and hit the gas, tearing up everything from the versatile road courses and speedy main track of the Atlanta Motor Speedway to the challenging lava pits of the Milwaukee Mile.
But this go-karting business has a big brother?the Rusty Wallace Racing Experience. It's a high-speed trip into the pro-racing trade, with breathtaking ride-alongs and racing experiences in stock cars. Guests buckle up and sit shotgun alongside professional drivers as they fly down straightaways and around curves. They can even get behind the wheel themselves, finally feeling what it's like to be a professional driver.
Going to the gym can be an intimidating experience without a kindhearted gym staff and the proper support group of peers for encouragement. Go Figure Gym's friendly fitness gurus are determined to cultivate a safe, nonjudgmental environment where women can get in shape together. Classes such as Zumba, 30-minute workout circuit training, and hula hoops promote a sense of community as participants sweat side by side, shaking their rumps to Latin music, running in place, and playing Hot Potato with blocks of concrete.
Since its 1965 founding in Venice Beach, California, Gold's Gym has dotted the globe with more than 600 locations where professional athletes and exercise newbies gather under the umbrella of personal strength. Nearly 3.5 million Gold's members chart and aim for their fitness peaks, perspiring beneath the gaze of certified personal trainers or pedaling beside peers at cycling sessions. In a diverse lineup of group classes, patrons strengthen cores with Pilates, finger-paint pictures of ninjas in martial arts, and amp up heart rates along to the pulsating soundtracks of Mossa routines.
Many Gold's Gym locations stockpile futuristic amenities, such as cardio machines with individual iPod docks and televisions that help keep patrons motivated.
Nothing can put a cramp in your workout style quite like getting to the gym and realizing that all the machines are already taken. Luckily, Champions Fitness Center has taken a number of steps to help ensure that never happens to their members. Between the giant 26,000-square-foot facility?which has no shortage of machines and free-weights?and the exclusive membership base, getting a workout in is as simple as possible. There's also an indoor heated pool and plenty of group fitness classes, which help take the guesswork out of getting fit, losing weight, and knowing whether fitness leotards are back in style yet.
Kelly Lyn North Fitness is a women-only gym that provides a supportive environment to get into shape. Daily classes peak a variety of fitness interests, and include boot camp, cardio kickboxing, Zumba, and Total Sculpt. Post workout, members can relax in a redwood sauna or underneath the trained hands of an on-staff massage therapist.
The extensively trained and educated staff at Strength In Motion facilitates physical well-being through a far-reaching slate of body-bending exercise programs. Ameliorate torpidity by partaking of the regimented women's boot-camp classes. These one-hour sessions include resistance training and cardio, which conspire with flexibility and core work to create a strong and sprightly bone-and-muscle house with low cholesterol window treatments and walls bedecked by high spirits. Manly guests can saunter decrepit bodies through a gamut of four 60-minute fitness classes, during which instructors teach strength training, nutrition, and methods for efficacious workout recovery. Check out the class schedule online and call ahead for availability.


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Everyone's waiting for the 07 Unlimited 4 Door Rubicon with the 3 piece hard top.http://jeepin.com/news/07unlimited/jp007_060wrt.jpg
Ok I am.http://www.4x4review.com/vehicles/jeep/2007rubicon/http://www.jpmagazine.com/preview/15...er_rubicon_jk/
As far as I understand, the only Bestop that requires its own hardware is their Supertop. The others use the original OEM hardware.
When people ask what I do for a living, I say I brew beer. No, not as a profession, but to live.
I agree with Best Top too. And Quadratec is great. I am not sure where Madison NJ is, but Quadratec is right in West Chester, PA. You can do a counter pick up and save the shipping if you are close to southeastern PA. I would guess it is 25-30 min from Cherry hill.
I had a Jeep in college and went to West Chester U., so I had many dealings with them, they are a very good company.
Quadratec's right in PA? I can order and pick up before the Roger Waters show this Saturday. Sweet!! Thanks for the info.
Thanks for your input guys. I got the sailcloth the day after ordering from Quadratec and put it on this weekend. It's silent and looks great. I do notice that it gets warmer inside with this one, which I'd chalk up to the increased thickness of this one over the OEM top. And unscratched windows (for now)...what a luxury.


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Peter Almond
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Peter Almond is a Trials Division justice at the Supreme Court of Victoria. He is a graduate of the undergraduate and graduate program in law at the University of Melbourne. During his career as a lawyer he represented clients including the Australian Stock Exchange.[1]
- ^ "Welcome the Honourable Justice Peter Almond". Retrieved October 4, 2013.


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Obituary: Sheldon Leonard
Friday 17 January 1997
"Psssst! Hey, bud!"
"Come here a minute."
"Who, me?"
"Sure. Where ya goin'?"
"Just to buy some chewing gum."
"Yeah? What kind?"
"Why, spearmint."
"Nix on that! Take my advice - get bubble-gum."
"Bubble-gum? Why?"
"It's great in the stretch."
This unlikely tout was played by Sheldon Leonard, a tall, dark character actor with a vast number of film roles to his credit, most of them as criminals. Later, Leonard would become enormously successful as a television producer and director, selling an unprecedented 17 shows to the American networks.
Born of lower middle-class Jewish parents, Leonard attended Stuyvesant High School in lower Manhattan, where he began acting in plays. He went on to study at Syracuse University, which boasted a superb Performing Arts department, and he soon resolved to become a professional actor, making his Broadway debut in a play called Hotel Alimony (1934). The critic Burns Mantle wrote: "Out of an inherent sense of decency, I was tempted to ignore Hotel Alimony as though it had never happened. Reviewing it is a dirty job, but someone has to do it." Mantle and his fellow critics were, however, kind to Leonard, and he went on to play a lecherous millinery salesman in Arthur Kober's play Having Wonderful Time (1937) and an even more lecherous movie producer in Clare Boothe's comedy Kiss the Boys Goodbye (1938).
Hollywood soon beckoned, and Leonard sneered his way through more than 140 films, including To Have and Have Not (1944), in which he played a Vichy French policeman who tried to shoot Humphrey Bogart, and It's a Wonderful Life (1947), in which he played Nick, the surly bartender, who threw James Stewart into the snow one Christmas Eve.
Bored with typecasting, he turned to directing and producing for television, launching the long-running sitcom The Danny Thomas Show (1953-57). That Leonard wrote and/or directed various episodes of the television series The Damon Runyon Theatre is highly appropriate; as an actor he later played in four films based on Runyon stories: Money From Home (1954), Stop, You're Killing Me (1955), Guys and Dolls (1961) and Pocketful of Miracles (1978).
He may even have invented the television spin-off. Having developed a sitcom for Andy Griffith, in which the rural comedian would play a sheriff in a small southern town, Leonard saved the expense of making a pilot programme by introducing Griffith and the other characters of his town in The Danny Thomas Show. The trial episode involved Thomas's being stopped for speeding in the North Carolina hamlet of Mayberry and arrested by Sheriff Griffith. Before the half-hour was finished, the sheriff's friends and relatives were also introduced, and, as a result, The Andy Griffith Show got the green light and ran for eight years. In 1964 there was a spin-off from the spinoff; Jim Nabors, who played a gormless filling-station attendant in the Griffith show, was given his own series, Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. Gomer's adventures in the Marine Corps continued for six years.
Leonard watched an unsuccessful television pilot about the professional and home life of a comedy writer, and thought it had promise. Carl Reiner had written it as a vehicle for himself, but Leonard persuaded Reiner to let him cast Dick Van Dyke in the lead. Next, came the search for an actress to play Van Dyke's wife. Luckily, Danny Thomas remembered an actress who had auditioned for his own series, and asked, "How about that kid with three names?" Leonard auditioned Mary Tyler Moore, who passed with flying colours, and the world was suddenly a better place. The Dick Van Dyke Show (1961-66) received 21 Emmy Awards and was nominated for 64. What with Pyle, Griffith, Van Dyke and Danny Thomas, Leonard now had a record four Top Ten shows on the same network.
In 1965 he helped to develop I Spy, whose protagonists were a tennis champion (Robert Culp) and his trainer (Bill Cosby). Travelling around the world for various tournaments gave them the opportunity to engage in espionage for an unnamed agency of the American government. Leonard stubbornly resisted CBS's timorous objections, making Cosby the first African/American to star on US television in a dramatic series. Unfortunately, Leonard's My World and Welcome to It wasn't as successful. Despite winning the Emmy Award as Best New Show of the 1969-70 season, this stylish series, based on the work of James Thurber, was cancelled after only 26 episodes.
The hugely successful film and television producer Garry Marshall (Pretty Woman, Happy Days, Mork and Mindy) worked for Leonard as a writer on the Danny Thomas and Dick Van Dyke shows. In his autobiography, Marshall recalls asking Leonard, "Sheldon, exactly how does a person become a television producer?" The reply was: "Always say something. Make a dec-ision, right or wrong, because most of the people in show business are afraid to make a decision."
Sheldon Leonard Bershad (Sheldon Leonard), actor, writer, director, producer: born New York City 22 February 1907; married 1931 Frankie Bober (one son, one daughter); died Beverly Hills, California 10 January 1997.
- 1 Exodus Gods and Kings casting controversy: Ridley Scott would never cast 'Mohammad so-and-so from such-and-such' in lead role
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- 4 Scientists predict green energy revolution after incredible new graphene discoveries
- 5 Michael Buerk wishes he'd killed Jimmy Savile when he had the chance - by pushing him overboard a cruise ship
Sean Abbott: Messages of support flood in for bowler after death of Phil Hughes
Black Friday 2014: Opening times for Asda, John Lewis, GAME, PC World and Argos
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Scientists predict green energy revolution after incredible new graphene discoveries
Ukip says babies born to immigrants in the UK should be classed as migrants – which would include Nigel Farage's own children
Obama: The only people with the right to object to immigration are Native Americans
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Ukip mocked after mistaking Westminster Cathedral – for a mosque
Sarah Vine criticises lesbian mother Jack Monroe: 'If she was unsure about her sexuality, she should have taken greater precautions'
WIN a trip for two to Cuba
Follow Simon Calder's journey in Cuba, and enter our competition to win a trip for two to Cuba
Caribbean luxury at its finest
Barbados offers a new slice of holiday heaven at Port Ferdnand and Saint Peter's Bay Luxury Resorts
Rainbow list 2014: The LBGT people who make a real difference
Introducing our annual celebration of the lesbian, bisexual, gay, and transgender people who make a real difference
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Tweet us the people who deserve some recognition to @thei100 with the hashtag #everydayhero and tell us why.
2014 WISE Summit
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Telecom giant Vodafone is looking to improve voice quality, becoming the latest company to introduce new HD technology.
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Win anything from gadgets to five-star holidays on our competitions and offers page.
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Watch the best in the business world give their insights into the world of business.
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Tomorrow morning at 9am Florida Carry attorneys Eric Friday and Lesley Rickard McKinney will be on "This Week in Jacksonville" discussing Campus Carry.
Tomorrow morning at 9am Florida Carry attorneys Eric Friday and Lesley Rickard McKinney will be on "This Week in Jacksonville" discussing Campus Carry.
View Florida's 55 Bloomberg MAIG Mayors in a full screen map
|Florida MAIG Mayors
|Susan Gottlieb
|[email protected]
|Jean Rosenfield
|Bal Harbour
|[email protected]
|Robert Yaffe
|Bay Harbor Islands
|[email protected]
|David Coviello
|Biscayne Park
|[email protected]
|Jerry Taylor
|Boynton Beach
|[email protected]
|Rocky Randels
|Cape Canaveral
|[email protected]
|Greg Ross
|Cooper City
|[email protected]
|Jim Cason
|Coral Gables
|[email protected]
|Walter B. Duke
|Dania Beach
|[email protected]
|QUIT MAIG to SUPPORT YOUR RIGHTS!
|Derrick L. Henry
|Daytona Beach
|[email protected]
|Cary Glickstein
|Delray Beach
|[email protected]
|Bruce Mount
|[email protected]
|Daisy Black
|El Portal
|[email protected]
|Glenn Singer
|Golden Beach
|[email protected]
|Samuel J. Ferreri
|[email protected]
|Charles Sanders
|Samuel Henderson
|[email protected]
|Joy Cooper
|Hallandale Beach
|[email protected]
|Peter Bober
|[email protected]
|Ken Schultz
|[email protected]
|Ted Blackburn
|[email protected]
|Marlene M. Wagner
|Lake Hamilton
|[email protected]
|QUIT MAIG to SUPPORT YOUR RIGHTS!
|Barrington Russell
|Lauderdale Lakes
|[email protected]
|Richard J. Kaplan
|[email protected]
|Howard Schieferdecker
|[email protected]
|Tomás Regalado
|[email protected]
|Philip Levine
|Miami Beach
|[email protected]
|Oliver G. Gilbert
|Miami Gardens
|[email protected]
|Wayne Slaton
|Miami Lakes
|[email protected]
|Carlos Gimenez
|Miami Dade County
|[email protected]
|Lori C. Moseley
|[email protected]
|Connie Leon-Kreps
|North Bay Village
|[email protected]
|Jack Brady
|North Lauderdale
|[email protected]
|QUIT MAIG to SUPPORT YOUR RIGHTS!
|QUIT MAIG to SUPPORT YOUR RIGHTS!
|QUIT MAIG to SUPPORT YOUR RIGHTS!
|Myra Taylor
|[email protected]
|Buddy Dyer
|[email protected]
|QUIT MAIG to SUPPORT YOUR RIGHTS!
|Colin Walkes
|[email protected]
|William Capote
|Palm Bay
|[email protected]
|Shelley Stanczyk
|Palmetto Bay
|[email protected]
|Frank C. Ortis
|Pembroke Pines
|[email protected]
|Cindy Lerner
|[email protected]
|Diane Veltri Bendekovic
|[email protected]
|Thomas A. Masters
|Riviera Beach
|[email protected]
|Philip K. Stoddard
|South Miami
|[email protected]
|Rick Kriseman
|St. Petersberg
|[email protected]
|Norman Edelcup
|Sunny Isles Beach
|[email protected]
|Michael J. Ryan
|[email protected]
|Daniel Dietch
|[email protected]
|John Marks
|[email protected]
|Jeri Muoio
|West Palm Beach
|[email protected]
|Eric H. Jones
|West Park
|[email protected]
|Daniel J. Stermer
|[email protected]
|Dr Helen B. Miller
|White Springs
|[email protected]
|Gary Resnick
|Wilton Manors
|[email protected]
|Juan Otero
|Zolfo Springs
|[email protected]
After experiencing ejection issues with the upper receiver on my .308 AR Core30 rifle, the good folks at Core Rifle Systems, true to their "No BS Warranty", replaced the upper .
This weekend I put over 200 flawless rounds through it. 7.62 NATO Fed M1A 168gr OTM, .308 150gr Silver State Match BTHP, Fed 168gr Gold Medal Match, Fed Fusion 165gr, 147gr 7.62 NATO XM80 ball… It ran on everything I could stuff in a mag.
Usually I build my own AR rifles but I have not yet built a .308 type. There were a few things the drew me to the Core Rifle. First was that the machining and finish on the billet receiver set is about as good as you'll find anywhere. There is zero slop/wobble between the upper and lower. Second was the stock feature set on the Core30 TAC LR.
The Core30 is DPMS 308 parts compatible (high rail) and it comes stock with a Geissele SSA-E trigger with an extra power "red" hammer spring, Magpul UBR stock, Magpul MIAD grip, 15″ Apex Gator Grip hand guard including the full length top rail, Surefire SOCOM muzzle break, Core's own very nice V3 charging handle, and a Match Grade 18″ stainless 1:10 twits barrel.
This meant that I would have a bit less work to do and fewer aftermarket parts to purchase to set it up the way I wanted it. The 18″ barrel length puts it in to a happy medium that I hesitate to call a compromise. Short and light enough to work in close quarters but long enough to keep muzzle velocity up in order to reach out to the fuzzier ends of .308 terminal ballistics at range.
I did pop on a Norgon Ambi-Catch mag release, Battle Arms Dev. ambi-safety, and a Raptor ambi-charging handle. Not that it really needed these upgrades, but I do train weak side and depending on my shooting situation, shooting and manipulating the gun lefty has let me take shots that would have been awkward otherwise. The Seekins Precision mag button improved nothing really… I just think they are pretty.
The addition of a bottom rail section on the handguard and a railed replacement strike plate for the UBR rounded out the changes.
For long range or high accuracy use I attach a QD Atlas bipod, Acco-Shot rear monopod, and a Vortex PST 4-16 x 50 FFP scope in a Larue SPR-S 10MOA QD mount.
The bipod and scope are quick detach and the monopod comes off in a few seconds with a screwdriver. If I'm doing closer range or I'm going to be more mobile, I slide a Magpul AFG on the the front, and either pop up the Magpul MBUS Pro sights or slap on my QD EoTech 553. It will all co-witness but that matters little with a BUIS. I'm either on the sights or they are folded and I'm on the red dot. With the EoTech I keep a 3x Vortex VMX3 magnifier in a Larue QD Pivot mount in my bag or tricks for odd-ball longer engagements while in the short range setup.
The rifle will shoot sub-MOA groups all day even if I won't. That's a tall order for an AR platform .308 that a number of companies have failed to deliver on. Especially at the Core30's price point. MSRP is $2,800 (minus a penny). Actual street price at your local gun shop is around $2,300 and a quick trip to the usual suspect online shops show at least two sellers offering Core's flagship at around $1,800. That is a lot a bang for your buck!
Show that you are a #GunVoter
This is for anyone committed to voting for our Second Amendment rights and the candidates who support us in the primaries today and in November.
After you vote in the primary today, take a pic of your holster or gun with your "I Voted" sticker and post it to social media with the hashtag "#gunvoter".
Some are also wearing their empty holster into the polling place to object to victim disarmament zones.
Anti-Weapons (he hates knives too) Flagler County Sheriff Jim Manfre (D) has not qualified for his law enforcement firearms certification. In his "Unqualified Expert" opinion, you also should not be qualified to own or carry a gun or knife.
On January 10th, 2014 Florida Carry, Inc. filed a lawsuit against the University Florida (UF), seeking a permanent injunction to protect the rights of students, faculty, and the public from the university's illegal and unconstitutional regulations prohibiting or severely restricting firearms and weapons on all university property including in student's personal vehicles and in university managed housing.
Since 1987 the Florida Legislature has preempted firearms law and issued state-wide licenses to carry concealed for self-defense. In December Florida Carry won a similar case against the University of North Florida (UNF). In Florida Carry v. UNF the First District Court of Appeal ruled that "The legislature's primacy in firearms regulation derives directly from the Florida Constitution… Indeed, the legislature has reserved for itself the whole field of firearms regulation in section 790.33(1)…" No public college or university has any authority to prevent students and the public from having a functional firearm in places that are constitutionally protected or permitted under state law.
The University of Florida has failed to comply with the UNF court's ruling by doing nothing more than adding an "Intent" footnote to only one of its illegal policies.
In 2008 the United States Supreme Court ruled that the right to keeps arms in the home is at the very core of the Second Amendment.
Today, (Wednesday July 30th, 2014) Circuit Court Judge Toby S. Monaco granted motions to dismiss and for summary judgement in favor of his alma mater and granted sovereign immunity to UF President Manchen. The lower court Judge ignored the plain language of multiple Florida firearms laws, multiple binding court cases from Florida and the US Supreme Court, turned to blind eye to university policies that are promulgated in continued violation, and refused to conduct any analysis of the right to keep and bear arms.
This is the same failure to follow the law and protect the fundamental right to keep and bear arms that we saw from another lower court in our case against the University of North Florida. Prior to winning the landmark Florida Carry v. UNF case that secured the right of students to store firearms in their cars parked on campus in the First District Court of Appeals late last year, another Florida Circuit Court Judge entered a similarly poorly reasoned decision.
"It's disappointing but this type of ruling is exactly what we have come to expect from far too many intellectually dishonest lower court judges at this phase of any Second Amendment case." said Florida Carry Executive Director Sean Caranna "Once again, we'll appeal to the First DCA… and once again, we'll win."
We need your help!
The Right to Keep and Bear Arms in Florida is under unprecedented attack. Florida Carry is fighting back hard in local government, the courts, and the state legislature but cash and volunteer action is necessary to support this important work.
Please donate or Join Today.
Subsequent to a stipulation by SAF that a 90 day stay of the ruling that granted constitutional carry rights in Washington D.C. was permissible, the court issued a stay of its ruling. The District asked for a stay of either 180 days or for the entire (longer) length of their appeal. SAF, by stipulating to a 90 day delay of the recognition of rights, gave the D.C. city council time to craft a new carry licensing scheme that will undoubtedly create a less accessible carry privilege rather than a right to carry accessible by all law abiding residents and visitors to our Nation's Capitol.
Victory in Palmer v. D.C. | Reality-Based Litigation.
Palmer Docket:
For a while now I've been looking for an accurate SR25 variant (AR type .308/7.62×51). I have been doing much drooling over the Larue Tactical 18″ barreled PredatOBR but the nearly$3,400 price tag put it a bit out of my current ballpark. Then someone mentioned a fairly new entry to the rifle market made by a company here in Florida that is probably better known for its airboat manufacturing business… Good Time Outdoors, Inc.
To gun owners, they are know as Core Rifle Systems.
The Core30 TAC LR is their flagship .308 and on paper at least, it has a lot going for it.
If I were building up my own .308 AR, these specs and components are almost exactly what I would be using. With an MSRP of about $2,800 and a street price closer to $2,000 for a match grade rifle, the deal looked too good to ignore. So, I ordered one.
One of the first things that I noted as odd about the rifle is that it lacks the M4 style feed ramps cut in to the upper that I have seen in online reviews of this model. It also has a black anodized barrel marked "C30 308 1/10″. The ones I have seen reviewed had a barrel with a stainless bead blasted finish. Personally I prefer the black finish but I wonder if this is the same match grade barrel that was advertised. But as long as it shoots accurately and reliably, none of that matters much to me. The lower is a work of art.
So, off to the range I went and it all came unraveled… In the 25 total rounds fired I had about eight or nine stovepipe failures to eject. Accuracy was not all that great but that may have been completely my fault because I was constantly fighting malfunctions. On the last incident, the next live round somehow rode up above the spent stove piped casing. This apparently bent the end of the gas tube down slightly. So, not knowing that the tube was now bent, I clear the malfunction, lube up the rifle, and smack the bolt release. The round chambers but the bolt does not go all the way forward. Not good.
The gas key impacted the bent gas tube causing damage to the gas key on the BCG thus preventing the bolt from locking.
So I left the range with my new rifle's busted BCG sitting in a pocket of my range bag and wondering what was wrong with the rifle that could cause this.
Looking down through the hand guard, it appears that the gas block is out of alignment. I suspect that this under gassed the gun causing the malfunctions that ended up damaging the gas system. The back of the charging handle was also gouged a bit by the rear of the gas key.
The forearm's top rail T mark numbers also don't match the upper receiver's T mark numbers. I assume that this is why the forearm's T marks were blacked out. Adding a small bit of insult to injury, all of the screws holding the top rail on to the hand guard also came loose. I rotated one of the screws the rest to the way out and it's obvious that no thread locker (loctite) was used during assembly. I took care of that in short order but really shouldn't have needed to. Nitpicky? Maybe, but it's a $2,800 rifle. I expect better attention to detail, assembly and QC.
Now, this is not my first rodeo with getting a dud gun. I've had bad out of the gate Colts, Springfields, Kel-Tecs. and Glocks that were all fixed right by the manufacturer and provided years of reliable service. (I sold the Kel-Tec but the new owner reports no issues.) What really matters most to me is how a company responds when things do go wrong.
Core Rifle Systems NO BS Lifetime Warranty… (let's hope so!)
I filled out Core's online warranty claim form Sunday night and Monday morning I received an email from their warranty rep. with a reference number and the address to ship the rifle to. They should get the rifle tomorrow. Core is either about to make a customer for life or be written off as an expensive mistake that I'll never make again. I have high hopes though!
It really is a beautiful rifle.
This is a response by Florida Carry to the comments of Jon Gutmacher. – by Florida Carry General Counsel Eric Friday
His post can be found at: http://orlandocriminallawyer.blogspot.com/2014/07/an-analysis-of-floridas-alleged-pro-gun.html
Below is his post in its entirety. My responses are in red.
An Analysis of Florida's Alleged "pro-gun" HB 89 – and the Problems it has Created. Copyright by Jon Gutmacher 2014 – All rights reserved. Point by Point analysis published here under Fair Use.
Although some have called House Bill 89 (now signed into law by the Governor) "history making" legislation – the only thing historic about it is how messed up it is. Since there may be multiple ways the courts will interpret this miserable piece of legislation – I will give you each possible interpretation as we to through it, section-by-section. However, to give credit where credit is due – it was a really great bill before the Legislature started tearing it apart and amending it. However, the section on warning shots was obviously beyond what would have been acceptable, and my guess is that's what got the ball got rolling in amending it from its original version. Once the amending started – the bill didn't even resemble the original, and they should have just killed it, and submitted a better thought-out version in the next legislative session. Instead, what resulted had no relationship to anything any intelligent person would want for a law. In fact – the amended bill that finally passed has almost zero good parts, and a ton of really, really bad parts. In analyzing the effect of the new laws brought about by the bill I will start with the language from the actual bill, as passed, in bold italics, and then follow with the possible interpretations:
Section 1: (1)
The legislature finds that persons have been criminally prosecuted and have been sentenced to mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment… for threatening to use force in a manner and under circumstances that would have been justifiable under chapter 776, Florida Statutes, had force actually been used.
An unfortunate misunderstanding of law, and worse mistake on choice of wording. The main problem with this section is that Florida law, thru case decisions rather than statutory law, already includes threats as the use of "non-deadly force". See, Stewart v. State, 672 So.2d 865 (Fla. 2DCA 1996); Rivera v. State 871 So.2d 953 (Fla. 3DCA 2004). Thus, there was no need to add it into the statutes in the first place. The other problem is that by using the language "had force actually been used" – will likely be interpreted by the courts as not allowing a threat of force greater than the amount of actual force that could have been used in the same situation, had force been used.
This is a statement of legislative intent. In order to get to this language a court would first have to determine that there was a lack of clarity in the statute. If it decides there is a lack of clarity it would have to look at this section and the legislative history to determine what the legislature was trying to do. Since as the author points out there was already law regarding the difference between displaying a firearm and firing a firearm, the legislature must have meant something new. It is a well-established canon of statutory construction that a law should not be interpreted in a way that makes it meaningless. Numerous examples were provided to the Legislature. A prime example was the firing of a warning shot by an elderly man, in defense of his elderly neighbor, against persons who entered and remained in her house without authorization. Yet the man was sentenced to prison.
This possible interpretation is reinforced by the next legislative statement in the Bill:
The Legislature intends to provide criminal and civil immunity to those who threaten to use force if the threat was made in a manner and under circumstances that would have been immune under chapter 776, Florida Statutes, had force actually been used.
b. Clarify that those who threaten to use force may claim self-defense if the threat was made in a manner and under circumstances that would have been justifiable under chapter 776, Florida Statutes, had force actually been used.
That may mean you lose immunity, maybe have to retreat, or both – if you make a threat of force greater than you could actually have used at the time the threat was made. If this is what the courts decide, we're all in for big trouble – because the law prior to this would be that there is no duty to retreat in a non-deadly force situation [Keith v. State, 614 So.2d 560 (Fla. 1DCA 1993)], and that a threat is lawful self defense to stop or prevent unlawful conduct, as long as it is "reasonable" under the circumstances. See, United States v. Black, 692 F.2d 314 (4th Cir.
1982). The one exception would be where a "warning shot" is involved – as Florida case law has consistently held that a warning shot is the use of "deadly force" – thus – can only be used where there is a reasonable fear of imminent death or great bodily harm, or such appears reasonable and necessary to stop the imminent commission of a forcible felony.
Again this is intent language. Nothing in the substantive part of the statute in any way indicates a duty to retreat for persons not involved in criminal activity.
Section 2:
Section 2 of the legislation is somewhat good, but fell way short of where it needed to go. It eliminated the three year mandatory minimum prison sentence for aggravated assault with a firearm where an individual is convicted of aggravated assault after his or her self-defense claim failed – and that individual was convicted after a trial, or plead guilty. In such situations, if the court makes a finding that the defendant's actions were committed in a "good faith" belief he or she was acting lawfully – then the court may forego sentencing the individual to the three year mandatory prison sentence. Unfortunately – these circumstances will rarely happen. Here's the statutory wording – and then my fuller explanation:
Section 2. Subsection (6) is added to section 775.087, Florida statutes, to read:
775.087 Possession or use of weapon; aggravated battery; felony reclassification; minimum sentence.— Notwithstanding s. 27.366, the sentencing court shall not impose the mandatory minimum sentence required by subsection (2) or subsection (3) for a conviction for aggravated assault if the court makes written findings that the defendant had a good faith belief that the aggravated assault was justifiable pursuant to chapter 776. The aggravated assault was not committed in the course of committing another criminal offense. The defendant does not pose a threat to public safety. The totality of the circumstances involved in the offense do not justify the imposition of such sentence
The problem here is that a court will rarely make such findings because if the defendant is already convicted – it will normally be "politically incorrect" to find he or she used self defense in "good faith", or does not pose some kind of "future threat" to society. Moreover, "good faith" is not defined by the Legislature, and there are too many variations of what it might be, or how a Florida appellate court will eventually define it. Personally – to me "good faith" is a subjectively honest, but mistaken belief that the force or threats used were necessary to prevent or stop what the defender perceived as unlawful conduct of another. So – while there is always a chance this might help an occasional defendant – the section will likely leave most folks out of luck – even if subjective good faith was used.
This is the first substantive change in the statute. First let's address that no Court will make such findings. Several judges have stated in open court in minimum mandatory cases that the minimum sentence is not appropriate for that case but that the judge is bound by the statute.
When one judge challenged the law, he was overturned by the trial court. When the Judge insisted that the prosecutor Angela Corey, be personally present for the imposition of sentence she was demanding, she had the Judge recused from the case.
Good faith is repeatedly used in Florida law to deal with liability for things ranging from mandatory reporting requirements, or assisting the elderly. It is also already applied in 3 different statutes in Chapter 776, the chapter that deals with justifiable use of force. It is not a standard unfamiliar to the Florida Courts, that there will be a struggle how to apply. This revives a long established doctrine that had been repealed by the legislature known as imperfect self-defense. In cases where a person in good faith mistakenly believed their conduct justified, they will no longer be subjected to the minimum mandatory even if they are convicted.
Section 3 is where the Legislature probably totally screwed every gun owner in Florida – quite by accident. The wording is terrible, the implications and possible interpretations worse. And – worst of all – the hated "retreat rule" is back in certain situations because of it – which I will explain in the appropriate subsection. While I tried to warn the Legislature and the supporters of the bill of these dangers – I was rewarded either by being totally ignored, or directly insulted, and told to butt out! So, let's take a look at the new section – and see if you can guess the problem before I show you my analysis:
1. A person is justified in using or threatening to use force, except deadly force, against another when and to the extent that the person reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to defend himself or herself or another against the other's imminent use of unlawful force. A person who uses or threatens to use force in accordance with this subsection does not have a duty to retreat before using or threatening to use such force.
Analysis: Well . . . it says you can only use or threaten to use "non-deadly force" to the same extent you believe it is necessary to defend against another's imminent use of "unlawful force". The literal translation is that you can only threaten to use "non-deadly force" in a non-deadly force situation. If instead, you happen to threaten the use of deadly force – you've probably lost any immunity you might otherwise have had under the self defense statutes, you may just have used "excessive force" as a matter of law, and you might just have to retreat first before you could legally "threaten" using any type of self defense beyond the degree of force you could actually had used, if you had used force!
Pretty awful, huh?
There are two problems with this analysis. First the whole statute must be read in pari materia, or as a whole. Second the statute should not be read in a redundant manner, or to lead to an absurd result, or in a way that makes a portion of the statute unnecessary. Sec. 1 deals with cases where non-deadly force is authorized. Sec.2, below deals with cases where deadly force is authorized. Identical language was added to both sections. IF as the author claims this is confusing or unclear in some way then we must look to the legislative intent and the policy statements at the beginning of the bill.
No person can argue with a straight face that the Legislature's intent in this bill was to restrict the use of force, or threat of force. Clearly the entire bill is designed to grant additional protections to those who are required to defend themselves. The interpretation the author is concerned about would violate that clear legislative intent.
Repeatedly, prior to this law, there were persons who displayed a firearm in self-defense. The response of prosecutor's and courts was that the display of the firearm escalated the situation, or was not reasonable. Was there a better way to word this statute? Yes. Does it leave us any worse off? No. Will we try to amend it if it proves ineffective? Absolutely!
Moreover, the statute requires your use of any threat to be premised not just on another person's unlawful conduct – but their conduct must be aimed to use unlawful "force". Certainly, not every type of crime requires force being used to accomplish it. So – will the courts say you can't use or even threaten non-deadly force to stop a non-violent felony, or misdemeanor, or will "force" be equated with any type of conduct, whatsoever? Based on current Florida decisional law — I'll vote for the last interpretation. However, if they chose the first one — your permitted language will be restricted even if it would otherwise have been totally reasonable under former law!
The objected to language, that their conduct must be "aimed to use unlawful force" is the language that already existed prior to the amendment. This is not new language, so the current decisional law must remain in effect. If you could use non-deadly force before, you may now use actual non-deadly force, or you may threaten to use force by displaying a firearm.
So . . . what do I think the courts will do in this situation?
Well, I think they will be hard pressed to find that a threat of the use of "deadly force" will be permitted in a situation where only non-deadly force could have been used. The statutory language is too clear. If I'm right in this interpretation – I think a threat of deadly force in a non-deadly force situation will cost you your "immunity" – but otherwise not effect you. And, while it is possible, I think the courts would be hard-pressed to find that a simple threat short of amounting to an "assault" would be "excessive force" if it otherwise seems "reasonable" under the circumstances. To do so would turn a hundred years or more of case law on its head. But, whatever the courts will do – the statute is miserably worded, and needs to be amended in the next legislative session. As usual, I humbly offer my talents to the Legislature or any of the sponsors – for free to help to review or assist in any drafting of any pro-gun legislation. Although, quite frankly – I know the chances of that happening are about the same for the proverbial snowball in Hell.
Here we can agree, that no statute is perfect. If they were much of the work of the Courts and lawyers would be unnecessary. It took several years, and a major revision of the statute just to make the courts understand the concept of secure encasement in a vehicle. I do not expect this to be any different. Is it possible some will still not be protected by the new law? Yes. Florida Carry, Unified Sportsmen of Florida and other organizations worked many hours on this bill along with practitioners who are in the courts every day dealing with these issues.
Unfortunately, with our system of law, sometimes you have to take the best you can get and when the courts screw it up, you go back to the Legislature and show how the language was misinterpreted and what is needed to fix it.
Of course we always welcome constructive criticism, and the assistance of anyone who would like to contribute.
Subsection 3 – part 2
(2) A person is justified in using or threatening to use deadly force if he or she reasonably believes that using or threatening to use such force is necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another or to prevent the imminent commission of a forcible felony.
A person who uses or threatens to use deadly force in accordance with this subsection does not have a duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground if the person using or threatening to use the deadly force is not engaged in a criminal activity and is in a place where he or she has a right to be.
OK . . . if you thought any of the previous sections were bad – wait until you see this next subsection (2) of Section 3. Subsection (2) is the true killer of nine years of pro-gun progress in the Florida appellate court system! It has rendered meaningless all the really great recent case law that found that Florida Statute 776.012 was independent of the problems and heavy burdens in Florida Statute 776.013. See, State v. Wonder, 128 So.3d 867 (Fla. 4DCA 2013). It is a testament to how little the sponsors of this bill, its supporters, and the rest of the Legislature understood the law, or the self defense statutes! It is, in one word, just plain: "shameful", and more so because they'd been warned by me that the language would have that effect, and still totally ignored the warnings. So – what do these changes mean, and what can we expect?
First, it confirms my interpretation that a threat of using deadly force may only be used if the defender has a reasonable belief that such is reasonable and necessary to prevent imminent death or great bodily harm, or prevent or stop the imminent commission of a forcible felony. In other words – since this subsection says you can only use the "threat" of deadly force to stop or prevent deadly force (or a forcible felony) – then it also means that the Legislature really did mean what it said in the earlier subsection: that you can't threaten deadly force in a non-deadly force situation. A really stupid, senseless piece of drafting that will cause all sorts of problems for anyone involved in a possible self defense situation, or situation where they are trying to prevent a non-violent crime. In essence, the drafters of this law were unable to understand the legal distinction between what constitutes a "threat" vs. what constitutes an "assault" – mixed the two up – were totally oblivious to the fact that if a threat is "reasonable" it should be lawful no matter what – and came up with this total messed up amendment to a statute that was working perfectly fine without it. In other words – they all screwed it up, royally!
The original drafters were eminently clear on the difference between a threat and an assault. Unfortunately the analysis of the Courts and prosecutors, considered every threat of force with a firearm to be an aggravated assault with a minimum mandatory. If you did not have grounds to shoot the person, a display of a firearm would result in a minimum mandatory. It is hoped that this bill will cure that defect. If it does not cure the defect, Florida Carry will bring that before the Legislature and request an amendment. Unfortunately, sometimes the only way the Legislature sees a need to act, is after an adverse court decision.
The next thing this subsection screwed up are situations where the use of deadly force was absolutely needed, and permitted – but will now go back to pre-2005 law, and require retreat.
Yes – you heard me right – retreat! This will occur if you are somewhere you might not be lawfully (e.g. – you're trespassing at some park after it closes – and somebody tries to rob you at gun point), or if you happen to be involved in some criminal enterprise, no matter how small (e.g. – same scenario as the last – but add smoking a joint, or sitting in a parked car DUI – and somebody tries to rob you, etc.). Under this new version of F.S. 776.012 you must RETREAT before using deadly force (if you could retreat with safety) if either of these situations exist.
That's right – retreat! No "Stand Your Ground"!
Thus, the most likely interpretation by the courts will be a throw-back to pre-2005 Stand Your Ground, and will result in a situation where anyone claiming immunity and self defense under F.S. 776.012 (or any other section) who uses, or even threatens the use of deadly force, and is not in a "place where they have a right to be", or are engaged in any type of behavior that could be considered "criminal" – must first retreat – if they can do so in safety – BEFORE making either a threat of using deadly force, or before using actual deadly force. And while the courts will likely agree that extending this situation to a mere threat of using deadly force is just plain stupid – the courts will also likely say that is clearly what the wording in the statute requires, and if the Legislature doesn't like the interpretation – then the Legislature should revise the statute! In other words – stupid wins! Exactly what I tried to warn everyone about when they started amending the original bill!
The amendment does require persons engaged in "criminal" conduct to retreat. There has been a split of authority. That the Supreme Court may address soon, but has not yet considered. One DCA has held that a person acting in self-defense under Sec. 776.012 could stand their ground even if engaged in the unlawful activity prohibited by Sec. 776.013. Other DCAs have said that not only can you not stand your ground if you are engaged in unlawful activity, but have no right to immunity. Under this amendment, if you are engaged in criminal activity you will now have a duty to retreat. Arguably, and according to the Governor's task force that examined the law, the legislature has always had the goal of reserving no duty to retreat for law abiding citizens, not drug deals gone bad.
To briefly address the DUI argument. Is the State going to argue you could have driven off? Are they going to argue you have to endanger others by actually driving drunk, rather than defend yourself from a criminal attacker? Angela Corey might, but I would love to try that case.
Section 4 of the new legislation addresses Florida Statute 776.013 which generally deals with protection of home, residence, or occupied conveyances. Here's Subsection (1) of that particular section:
Section 4. Subsections (1), (2), and (3) of section 776.013, Florida Statutes, are amended to read: 776.013 Home protection; use or threatened use of deadly force; presumption of fear of death or great bodily harm.
(1) A person is presumed to have held a reasonable fear of imminent peril of death or great bodily harm to himself or herself or another when using or threatening to use defensive force that is intended or likely to cause death or great bodily harm to another if:
(a)The person against whom the defensive force was used or threatened was in the process of unlawfully and forcefully entering, or had unlawfully and forcibly entered, a dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle, or if that person had removed or was attempting to remove another against that person's will from the dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle; and
(b) The person who uses or threatens to use defensive force knew or had reason to believe that an unlawful and forcible entry or unlawful and forcible act was occurring or had occurred.
The revision doesn't change this part of F.S. 776.013 all that much except for the inclusion of "threats". But, since this section deals solely with the use and threats of deadly force, and presumptions attached to them, it is significant that the language used in subsection (1) is very different than that used in F.S. 776.012, and had it been used in 776.012 would have been substantially more favorable to a defender using only a "threat" – as the statutory wording "when using or threatening to use defensive force that is intended or likely to cause death or great bodily harm" allows just about any type of threat – because a threat – even one coupled with an aggressive display of a firearm – cannot be intended or likely to do much of anything other than frighten the other person – and certainly cannot "cause death or great bodily harm", unless it is a warning shot.
Subsection (2) of Section 4 of the legislation also addresses only F.S. 776.013, and makes few changes over the previous statute other than the inclusion of "threats", and changing the wording "unlawful activities" to "criminal activities". The revision and amended subsection does not, in my opinion, constitute a significant change. However, it is clear that by eliminating the language requiring the defender to be "in a place where they have a right to be", and also to not be engaged in any "unlawful or criminal activity", and instead citing to the new sections in F.S. 776.012 that have those exact requirements – it makes crystal clear that the requirements apply to both sections equally, despite the huge problems this creates for defenders who previously could use F.S. 776.012 without these additional onerous requirements.
The change from unlawful conduct to criminal conduct is a significant change. This language was actually requested by the Governor's task force, and was universally requested by all parties to make clear that a person selling Avon from her house without a business license could still stand her ground. The worst fear of the legislature and the organizations supporting stand your ground is a bad guy getting away by using stand your ground even when engaged in criminal activity. The Legislature wanted to make sure that did not happen.
Here's the subsection:
(2) The presumption set forth in subsection (1) does not apply if:
(a) The person against whom the defensive force is used or threatened has the right to be in or is a lawful resident of the dwelling, residence, or vehicle, such as an owner, lessee, or titleholder, and there is not an injunction for protection from domestic violence or a written pretrial supervision order of no contact against that person; or
(b) The person or persons sought to be removed is a child or grandchild, or is otherwise in the lawful custody or under the lawful guardianship of, the person against whom the defensive force is used or threatened; or
(c) The person who uses or threatens to use defensive force is engaged in a criminal activity or is using the dwelling, residence, or occupied vehicle to further a criminal activity; or
(d)The person against whom the defensive force is used or threatened is a law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 943.10(14), who enters or attempts to enter a dwelling, residence, or vehicle in the performance of his or her official duties and the officer identified himself or herself in accordance with any applicable law or the person using or threatening to use force knew or reasonably should have known that the person entering or attempting to enter was a law enforcement officer.
(3) A person who is attacked in his or her dwelling, residence, or vehicle has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground and use or threaten to use force, including deadly force, if he or she uses or threatens to use force, in accordance with s.
776.012(1) or (2) or s. 776.031(1) or (2).
Section 5 of the revision deals with the defense of property other than a dwelling, as well as personal property, and is basically unchanged in wording except for the inclusion permitting "threats", and the heading was corrected to reflect that the section deals with defense of property vs. defense of other persons. Here's the actual wording:
Section 5. Section 776.031, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:
776.031 Use or threatened use of force in defense of property others.—
(1) A person is justified in using or threatening to use the use of force, except deadly force, against another when and to the extent that the person reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to prevent or terminate the other's trespass on, or other tortious or criminal interference with, either real property other than a dwelling or personal property, lawfully in his or her possession or in the possession of another who is a member of his or her immediate family or household or of a person whose property he or she has a legal duty to protect. A person who uses or threatens to use force in accordance with this subsection does not have a duty to retreat before using or threatening to use such force.
(2) A person is justified in using or threatening to use deadly force only if he or she reasonably believes that such conduct is necessary to prevent the imminent commission of a forcible felony. A person who uses or threatens to use deadly force in accordance with this subsection does not have a duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground if the person using or threatening to use the deadly force is not engaged in a criminal activity and is in a place where he or she has a right to be.
So, what did the amendments to these subsections change by adding "threatening"? Well . . . it means exactly what it says:
1. You can only threaten to use deadly force, or actually use deadly force if you reasonably believe such conduct is necessary to stop or prevent a forcible felony!
2. However, if you are not "at a place where you have a right to be" – just like the revisions to 776.012 and 776.013 – you need to retreat first before either using a threat of deadly force . . . or the actual use of deadly force.
There is nothing in any of the amended language that requires a person to retreat prior to threatening the use of force or actually using force. It would be absurd to argue that after the great lengths the legislature has gone to throughout Chapter 776, to void any duty to retreat for law abiding citizens not engaged in criminal activity, which it impliedly created a duty to retreat.
Of course if you are at a place where you do not have a right to be, why would you be entitled to use deadly force if you can retreat first? Again this recommendation came from the task force that requested clarity on what type of conduct would void no duty to retreat and wanted to make clear that the law was intended to protect law abiding citizens, not criminals.
Subsection 6 concerns F.S. 776.032, which is the section of the law that grants "immunity" for persons using self defense pursuant to previous sections of the C. 776, Florida Statutes. The amendment adds "threats" into the immunity scheme (even though prior case law already had accomplished that), but otherwise leaves this section relatively unchanged. However, it is important to remember that recent case law has clarified that each of these prior sections work independent of each other. In other words – in a courtroom scenario you can pick and chose between the ones you want to use, or don't want to use. That used to be important because F.S. 776.012 was much easier to use in a defense than F.S. 776.013 except where the defense pertained to a dwelling, residence, or occupied conveyance. However, those distinctions have now been wiped away by this new, poorly thought-out legislation. Here is the revision:
The clarifying case law that allowed each section to work independently was opposed by the legislature to the extent that it allowed criminals to claim the protection of no duty to retreat. All bills are a product of compromise. Similar language was contained in other bills that would have gutted SYG. This was the better bill.
Section 6. Subsections (1) and (2) of section 776.032, 218 Florida Statutes, are amended to read:
776.032 Immunity from criminal prosecution and civil action for justifiable use or threatened use of force.—
(1) A person who uses or threatens to use force as permitted in s. 776.012, s. 776.013, or s. 776.031 is justified in such conduct and is immune from criminal prosecution and civil action for the use or threatened use of such force by the person, personal representative, or heirs of the person against whom the force was used or threatened, unless the person against whom force was used or threatened is a law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 943.10(14), who was acting in the performance of his or her official duties and the officer identified himself or herself in accordance with any applicable law or the person using or threatening to use force knew or reasonably should have known that the person was a law enforcement officer. As used in this subsection, the term "criminal prosecution" includes arresting, detaining in custody, and charging or prosecuting the defendant.
(2) A law enforcement agency may use standard procedures for investigating the use or threatened use of force as described in subsection (1), but the agency may not arrest the person for using or threatening to use force unless it determines that there is probable cause that the force that was used or threatened was unlawful.
Section 7 is another section that will likely cause infinite problems far beyond what anyone envisioned, or even dreamed about. While you wouldn't think that adding "threats" to the section would change much – it has opened up a can of worms – which only future court decisions will determine. I have no idea where it will lead, other than it can cause horrible changes in the law – or – maybe not any. Here's the section, followed by my analysis:
Section 7. Subsection (2) of section 776.041, Florida Statutes, is amended to read: 776.041 Use or threatened use of force by aggressor.—The justification described in the preceding sections of this chapter is not available to a person who: (2) Initially provokes the use or threatened use of force against himself or herself, unless:
(a) Such force or threat of force is so great that the person reasonably believes that he or she is in imminent danger of death or great bodily harm and that he or she has exhausted every reasonable means to escape such danger other than the use or threatened use of force which is likely to cause death or great bodily harm to the assailant; or
(b) In good faith, the person withdraws from physical contact with the assailant and indicates clearly to the assailant that he or she desires to withdraw and terminate the use or threatened use of force, but the assailant continues or resumes the use or threatened use of force.
The problem with the section has always been that the term "aggressor" has never been defined in the statutes, and case law tends to hold that before you become an aggressor you must either be performing an unlawful action (ie: trespass, theft, breach of the peace, etc.), or if the threats are merely by words, then words or actions alone short of creating a reasonable fear in another of imminent violence (ie: an "assault") do not make you the "aggressor".
However, by adding the words "the threatened use of force" to the mix – the Legislature just turned the case law on its head – because now, words alone that "threaten" force – even if the threat is conditional and not imminent – can make you the aggressor! Thus, a situation involving an argument where one individual says to the other: "If you come any closer, I will hit you" – has now made the individual making the verbal threat to use force – the "aggressor" – even if the other guy started everything, and wouldn't lay off, that is: so long as the other guy didn't make a threat of using force, first. Again – just plain stupid. And again, a total failure of the Legislature and supporters of the amended bill to understand what the implications of the wording would legally mean.
I will not say this is impossible, because certain prosecutors become very inventive when necessary, but I think it is highly unlikely. Again the clear intent of the bill and the new language is additional protections for law abiding citizens, not less.
Section 8 of the new law concerns F.S. 776.051, which pertains to use of force in resisting arrest. Although it adds "threats" into what a citizen can't do – my opinion is that it makes no substantive change in the law, hence I am eliminating it from further discussion in this article.
Subsection 9 is unchanged, and I also therefore eliminate it from discussion. However, law enforcement should note that since the wording of the this subsection clearly says that "The firing of a firearm in the direction of the person to be arrested, even though no intent exists to kill or inflict great bodily harm" constitutes "deadly force" – the use of any type of non-lethal ammo fired from a firearm – will always be the use of deadly force, no matter what.
This statement is completely untrue, and shows the overall problem with the flawed analysis of the author. The author apparently only read the bill language without looking at what sections were new versus existing, and ignored unmodified sections of the statute which were no amended and therefore not contained in the bill language. For example the author looked only at sub (1) of
Sec. 776.06 which is amended by subsection 9 of the bill. Had he gone back and read the statute he would have seen the following language which was untouched and remains in the bill.
(2)(a) The term "deadly force" does not include the discharge of a firearm by a law enforcement officer or correctional officer during and within the scope of his or her official duties which is loaded with a less-lethal munition. As used in this subsection, the term "less-lethal munition" means a projectile that is designed to stun, temporarily incapacitate, or cause temporary discomfort to a person without penetrating the person's body.
(b) A law enforcement officer or a correctional officer is not liable in any civil or criminal action arising out of the use of any less-lethal munition in good faith during and within the scope of his or her official duties.
And please note once again that good faith is a legal standard already very familiar to the legislature.
Section 10 of the legislation creates F.S. 776.09 to facilitate an expunction of record where a case was dropped by the State Attorney or Statewide Prosecutor, or dismissed by the court. Subsection (1) applies to those rare instances where the State actually drops a charge on the basis of self defense vs. offering a plea bargain to a lesser charge. If so, this section requires such a finding be documented in writing in the prosecutor's files. As a practical matter this will rarely happen as the State normally would offer a plea bargain to a significantly lesser charge, or just say they didn't have "enough evidence" to go forward with confidence, rather than concede self defense. Rarely, will they ever admit the initial arrest and/or prosecution was just plain wrong!
In forty years of practice I only saw that happen once. So, for the most part – this section is just pure illusion based the Legislature's ignorance on how things really work in the criminal justice system.
Again, the legislature showed its intent to do exactly what the author suggests, however the FSA and the State Attorneys are a powerful force in Tallahassee. When this language was negotiated there was no doubt that the prosecutors would abuse and misuse this statute and fail to make the necessary findings. However the legislature is very good about correcting such problems. As soon as it can be demonstrated that the SAOs are avoiding opperation of this section we will be back asking the legislature to clarify what we could not get this time.
Subsection (2) applies to where the court dismisses a case based upon a finding that a defendant used lawful self defense. In other words – where the defendant wins a "Stand Your Ground" pre-trial hearing. In such a situation, the judge must make a written finding that the dismissal was due to the use of lawful self defense, and that finding is kept in the court records.
Subsection (3) states that if either of the predicates in the previous subsections occur, then the defendant may apply for an expunction. However, if you're really sharp, what you will find lacking in any of these sections is what happens if a case goes to trial and the jury finds the defendant not guilty – where the defense was self defense? In such an instance – you're out of luck! No expunction! The Legislature doesn't trust juries, and made that clear in previous versions of the expunction statute. Although a dismissal by the State or Court will allow an expunction – a "not guilty" verdict by a jury of your peers does not! The Legislature doesn't give a jury verdict the same value. So much for the Constitution! Thanks a lot!
Please see the previous statement. We have lost our rights by increments, we will not get them back overnight.
Section 11 amends F.S. 943.0585, and adds a subsection (5) to that statute which then sets forth the procedures for obtaining the expunction permitted in the previous Section 10. Since the procedures involved are not within the purview of this article, I will leave that for someone else to describe.
So, that's it for my analysis of this ill-advised piece of legislative garbage. Maybe if we're lucky – they'll admit maybe they made a bad mistake, and revise it in the next legislative session. Go write Marion Hammer at Unified Sportsmen of Florida on that. She led the charge for the current bill – she can also lead the charge to correct it. However, one final word on this legislation. Aside from everything else – what the changes have also done is complicate self defense to such an extent – that anybody trying to use it will likely be confused – especially if any type of verbal threats are involved. It took me two weeks of work to figure this thing out – and I do this stuff 24/7!
Also, what you and the Legislature need to understand is that – a "threat" can be totally lawful if made in response, or to stop unlawful conduct of another! Verbal threats even more so. But, this legislation made no distinctions. In fact, had the Legislature just used language that a threat of using force or deadly force is lawful if it appears "reasonable" — would have solved everybody's problems without having the legislative mess we now have.
But for now, the bill (and now the law) is what it is – and we're stuck with it unless the Legislature, and Unified Sportsmen realize what a huge problem they've created, and are willing to take it on, and correct it. Hopefully, they will – and hopefully this article will help you and them understand the problems with this new law. *
Mistakes? NO! Imperfect? YES! Florida Carry, in cooperation with many other stake holders will continue to monitor the problems that arise and will continue to work to right them through both litigation and legislation. We will never do anything that harms the right of self-defense of law abiding citizens. This includes allowing language that protects criminals and results in a backlash against the right of self-defense.
Anyone that wishes can see the lobbying reports showing the amount of money spent on the many victories achieved in Tallahassee this session, though the dedication and hard work of USF, Marion Hammer, and Florida Carry. What they will not show is the numerous hours contributed by volunteers and citizens to make the law a little better.
I was personally in Tallahassee for every hearing on HB 89. I never saw the author there.
Eric Friday
General Counsel, Florida Carry, Inc.
Last weekend I headed off to the range intent on getting the new rifle broken in a bit and zeroed.
Having already eyeballed a bore sight in my back yard and with the assistance of another shooter who offered to spot for me getting the initial adjustments only took two rounds. A few rounds more at the dirt and a quick swab of the barrel then another 40 rounds to get some copper in the bore.
Then it was time to get a solid zero.
At 0.68 MOA I'll take it for a first outing. However, the range session made it clear that I had a problem. I could have a good steady cheek weld or I could look through my scope; not both. I was also spending a lot of time getting my rear bag readjusted for each shot, it was just setup too loose.
The bag is a minor inconvenience that was easy to correct with the help of Uncle Ben and his famous rice. This has the added benefit of making me ready to augment any wild jambalaya I may find in the field. (It could happen)
The absence of cheek weld is a major issue. So, Bradley Adjustable Cheek Rest to the rescue.
When I initially ordered my cheek rest I goofed up the order. So I called and spoke to Bradley. Super nice guy and a true second amendment supporter. He threw in two more of his superb adjustable rests for Florida Carry to raffle off. We'll do that soon.
The cheek rest went on without a hitch and on the first try it put me dead on the scope with a relaxed and natural, but solid, cheek position. I cringe when I think of all of the polly sleeping pads I butchered and taped to get a just passable position on the stock of an M24… This is great!
I also picked up an Accu-Shot Monopod, just in case I eat the rice.
Between all of the work necessary for the legislative session and prepping all of our recent lawsuits, not to mention the administrative duties and doing the job that pays me, I really have not had enough time to get out on the range much or do any flying since October. With the legislative session over and a few month until the elections get really hot, it's time to have some fun.
In a couple of weeks I'll get back in the cockpit. This weekend, well…
There is this new rifle that needs to be sighted in.
The last time I had to ask myself whether or not to bed (insert noun), I was a young single man.
Resigned to the fact that factory rifle actions are not usually micrometer true, I sat down in front of my new Remington 700P with the new scope base rail, thin feeler gauges, some paper, paydoh, kiwi polish, JB Weld, and a torque driver ready to get to work bedding the base.
Snugged down the front of the base, and nothing fit under the back. Crap, going to have to bed the front and loose a little bit of my 20 MOA… Right?
Pulled the front screws and snugged down the back of the rail. Neither paper nor my smallest gauge would go under the front either.
Could it be true? The receiver is completely true?
So I just torqued all of the screws down to spec, payed with my playdoh for a while, shined some neglected boots, and put everything else back in the tool box.
Did I miss something?
It has been quite a while since I did any long range shooting. There was a time when I was considered to be a pretty darn good intermediate to long range shooter. While stationed at Ft. Benning in 1994 I got to attend training put on by the Army Marksmanship Unit meant to extend the range of regular old infantry grunts like me. After that I was usually assigned a secondary role as a Designated Marksman in all of my line units (Active and Nat. Guard) until I got out of the Army Guard in 2001. This allowed me to get pretty good at shooting tuned M16s with a scope slapped on and sometimes some pretty nice M14 rifles at extended range. It also got me some experience with the M24 sniper rifle but I only occasionally got to use the bolt gun.
But I liked it.
The range where I'm a member allows for shooting out to 1,200 yards. My 5.56 M4gery rifles are obviously not up to that task. So, I have a new project.
My new Remington 700 P in .308 with 26″ barrel is the blank slate I'm starting with.
This is going to be fun.
Florida Sheriffs Association Trying to GUT the Right to Bear Arms in an Emergency
Tomorrow afternoon (Tuesday April 8th 2014), Senate Bill 296 by Sen. Brandes will be before the Florida Senate Community Affairs Committee.
This is the bill that the Florida Sheriffs Association (FSA) has been using to fight against the very core of your right to bear arms.
At the request of the FSA, two amendments have been filed that would gut the bill's protections of your right to bear arms during an emergency evacuation. An almost identical North Carolina law to the one that the FSA is trying to keep on the books in Florida was ruled an unconstitutional violation of the Right to Bear Arms in federal court.
Watch the video, then ACT!
Please send an email RIGHT NOW to ask these committee members to SUPPORT SB-296 with NO AMENDMENTS
SUPPORT SB-296 With NO AMENDMENTS
Copy and Paste these email addresses into your email's "TO" box:
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected]
The Florida Sheriffs Association (FSA) claims that concealed weapons and firearms license holders will be able to evacuate with their firearms during a locally declared emergency. This is an outright lie. The bill that the FSA opposes, HB 209, creates an exception to the automatic ban on firearms possession in public (even with a concealed carry license) for people who are complying with a mandatory evacuation order.
This is the unconstitutional law that the FSA is trying to protect:
870.044 Automatic emergency measures.—Whenever the public official declares that a state of emergency exists, pursuant to s. 870.043, the following acts shall be prohibited during the period of said emergency throughout the jurisdiction:
Thursday March 27th 2014, the Florida Sheriffs Association (FSA) openly testified against Second Amendment rights to the Florida House Judiciary Committee saying, "In our opinion, there is a difference between owning a firearm and carrying one concealed on your person. Owing a firearm is a right; carrying it concealed is a privilege; and it is a privilege that is earned…"
In what can only be viewed as contempt and distrust for law-abiding gun owners, the Florida Sheriffs Association went on to say that during an emergency you are "least likely to use a firearm in a safe and responsible manner". Think about that. The Sheriffs are telling your legislature that when you are under attack by looters and rioters, you should be disarmed because you will be the irrational person in the situation.
The Sheriff's Association also told the committee that "there is plenty of time before hurricane season starts to go out and get a concealed weapons permit so you can carry on your person." This is completely false. Hurricane Season starts June 1st, only 62 days from now. Even if you already have your training certificate, your fingerprinting done, and have the $112.00 in fees ready to spend today, appointments at the regional offices are booked up to six months out and applications by mail are currently taking more than 90 days.
In other words, FSA is saying your Second Amendment right to BEAR arms can only be exercised if you have the time and money to get a license to carry a concealed handgun.
The Sheriffs go on to claim that "Given modern technology, the approach of storms can be predicted days in advance; and the last second flight scenarios are just not realistic." Anyone who has tracked approaching hurricanes knows this to be false.
A similar law to the one that we are trying to fix was struck down in North Carolina in 2012. The federal court there said:
"[T]he statutes here excessively intrude upon plaintiffs' Second Amendment rights by effectively banning them (and the public at large) from engaging in conduct that is at the very core of the Second Amendment at a time when the need for self-defense may be at its very greatest." Bateman v. Perdue, No. 5:10-CV-265-H, 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 47336, (E.D.N.C. Mar. 29, 2012)
In 1987 the Florida Sheriffs Association also opposed concealed carry, saying at the time that citizens should be forced to carry firearms openly so they would be able see who has guns. Once concealed carry passed, they turned around and pushed for the ban on open carry — which was legal until 1987. In 2011 the FSA opposed a bill that would have restored the open carry of handguns.
The fact is that the Florida Sheriff's Association has opposed every right to bear arms bill that has ever been offered.
While the FSA may have some sympathy for people's the Right to Keep Arms at home, it is obvious that the group has disdain for the Right to Bear Arms for self-defense. At the same committee hearing, Assistant Adjutant General for the Florida Army National Guard Maj. General Don Tyre spoke in support of the bill that will allow law abiding Floridians to take their guns with them during a mandatory evacuation order without the need for a concealed carry license.
We call on you to contact your local Sheriff and ask if the Florida Sheriff's Association is representing their values. Is lobbying against the right to bear arms during an emergency how they are honoring the oath that your Sheriff swore to defend the constitution? Does your Sheriff really support the Right to Bear Arms?
It is time for Florida's Constitutional Sheriffs to take control of the FSA or quit supporting it with your tax dollars.
We need your help to continue the fight for your right to bear arms. Please Join Florida Carry today.


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Product Reviews
This lamp has it's pro's and con's
I guess for the price, this lamp is an OK deal. Base of the lamp is very nice, heavy and sturdy. It's a shame they put such a cheap shade on it. Also because of the shapes of the base and shade, the on-off switch is hard to get to. Fine if you're going to operate it from a wall switch. The base is a bright white color and the shade is more of an off white.
- Would you recommend this to a friend? Yes
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LOS ANGELES, June 2, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Penthouse Forum, America's best known couples erotica magazine, will debut a weekly, hour-long Twitter chat on Wednesday, June 4 at 3pm Eastern Daylight Time, using the hashtag #ForumForUs.
Each week, a different guest host at #ForumForUs will choose a topic of interest to couples (and singles!) and introduce four questions for discussion. The hour will close with a brief Ask Me Anything-style chat where participants can open the conversation up and interact with the guest host directly.
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November 25, 2014
Irradiated meat goes under a high-energy electron beam before hitting the store shelves. The process eliminates 99.9 percent of all bacteria on the meat.
Studies have shown that irradiated meat causes no side effects to the people who eat it.
The irradiated meat costs about 50 cents more per pound than the regular stuff. Some local stores that sell irradiated meat include both Wausau area Pick N' Saves, all three Wausau area IGAs, and Copps in Stevens Point.
For more information on irradiated beef, you can log on to meatnews.com.
wsaw.com: Extended Web Coverage
What Is Food Irradiation?
Source: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/AIB757/ (Economic Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture)
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
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27 November 2014 05:21
A FIVE-year-old disabled girl launched a charity challenge which will see a Buckley builder travel the the length of the UK in a digger.
Evie Davies, of Treuddyn, cut the ribbon at the event which saw members of the community turn out to wish Esmor Davies luck with his 2,000-mile charity trek in a JCB.
Evie, formerly of Buckley, has West syndrome, a rare form of epilepsy, and has also been diagnosed with cortical visual impairment (CVI) which is caused by a brain problem rather than an eye problem and it is not clear exactly how much she can see.
Mr Davies' digger marathon will raise money for charities who work with people with visual impairments or blindness.
Evie's dad, David Davies, 39, said Esmor is known to the family as 'Uncle Esmor' as he has regularly supported Evie and her family.
"Esmor has been very good to us," he said.
"The event was very enjoyable."
Mr Davies organised Friday's event in his home town ahead of the journey, which will see him travel from John O'Groats to Land's End in the JCB.
The event was attended by schoolchildren who provided entertainment, as well as community leaders and Alyn and Deeside politicians Carl Sargeant AM and Mark Tami MP.
Mr Davies set off for Llangollen, Gobowen and Newport, where he will meet more blind people before moving on to the Royal Welsh Show in Builth Wells to garner more support.
Mr Davies said he was very excited about finally getting the charity challenge under way this week. "I will be so glad to start it," he said.
"There are so many things that we will be doing on the journey.
"It is very important to me to raise money for the cause and we are trying to raise as much as possible."
He will be setting off on his 2,320 mile journey on Saturday and plans to finish on September 1.
Anyone who would would like to support the cause can visit justgiving.com/esmorsjcbmarathon to make a donation.
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