text:
Entirely new website version
We have prepared an entirely new website version for you, which is optimized for every device (desktop, notebook, tablet and mobile phone). We have also edited the user interface so we could provide as comfortable usage of our services as possible.
Upload to Stiahni.si
Stiahni.si is a file-hosting service that provides you with a possibility to access your and your friends files quickly from all around the world.
Gbps line for SK users
Stiahni.si is connected with a line that can achieve the speed of 1 Gbps which makes us able to provide a high download speed. In case of need we can everytime increase the connection speed so we could provide compfortable downloads to our clients.
Search in more than 500 000 files
Click here for
The most downloaded files
- texticek.txt (5 916x za 127 Days)
- 1 (2).txt (1 414x za 129 Days)
- GFSDK_TXAA.win64.dll (1 282x za 183 Days)
- wfor.srt (1 086x za 244 Days)
- multishare.mp4 (406x za 281 Days)
- (mino_dnb) Hypno 808 - BMKG mixtape (2014).rar (397x za 262 Days)
- Vlk z Wall Street - cz avi - Odkaz ke shlédnutí a stažení.rar (370x za 160 Days)
- Nesbo.rar (325x za 291 Days)
- xxbbvrxx2.avi (319x za 290 Days)
- N651 (SS).zip (270x za 291 Days)


text:
NWCC Rangerette auditions set for May 2
Auditions for the Northwest Mississippi Community College Rangerettes will be held on Friday, May 2 from 4-9 p.m. and Saturday, May 3 from 8:30 a.m.-noon in Studio A in the McLendon Student Center on the Senatobia campus.
The Rangerettes are an all female dance team that performs with the Ranger Band at all home and a few away football games during the fall semester. In addition, the Rangerettes perform at halftime for home basketball games for the fall semester and in the Senatobia Christmas Parade.
Latest News
Free markets over government control The news about Chris...
CHRISTMAS OPEN HOUSE Scott Rhines at Tunica...
Town to proceed with apartment demolition The fire whistle...
County requiring two weeks' notice for agenda items When citizens, county...
News Briefs County answers Hollywood...
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Style Gallery is a great new way for you to view, love, and share outfit photos. It's meant to showcase
all the expressive, creative, and inspirational personalities of our community!
On Treetop of the World Dress
Time to Pattern It Up Bag
I Got it From My Llama Sweater
The Tree-t Life Bag
Everyday Vacay Tote
Vogue Adventures Bag
Beauty From Within Bag
Remarkable fashion & decor, inspired by our community, & delivered with uncommon care.
Copyright ©2002-2014 ModCloth.com. All Rights Reserved.
Site Map
CA Notice
Privacy & Security
Terms of Use


text:
STOUGHTON – The 27-year-old Stoughton man killed in a golf cart rollover last week was a state champion swimmer and an engineering school graduate.Eric S. Sullivan was golfing with friends at Links at Outlook Golf Course in South Berwick, Maine, on Sept. 10, when the golf cart he was riding in rolled down a hill, killing him.
No longer needed on the battlefield, thousands of pieces of surplus military equipment have made their way to police departments across the country in recent years.The gear includes everything from first-aid kits and wrenches to...
Going back to 2002, members of the Stoughton Police Department have been involved in crimes ranging from extortion to selling stolen goods.
Nate Davis defeated former champion Mike Calef on the second hole of a sudden death playoff to win the Brockton City Open at Thorny Lea Golf Club Sunday.
Surrender yourself to the powers of bacon in this comprehensive guide courtesy of author Jessica Merchant.
Seasoned marathoners share their time-tested secrets for running the distance.
To name a few, Stevan Ridley and the defense had strong outings, but penalties are still a problem.
Six sacks, four interceptions from Matt Cassel and a blocked field goal for a touchdown doomed the Minnesota Vikings on Sunday as the Patriots breezed to a 30-7 win, coach Bill Belichick's 200th.
Eric S. Sullivan, 27, died Sept. 10 at a Maine golf course
Dancing with the StarsĀkicks off its 19th seasonĀMondayĀnight, with a new executive...
The captain and starting safety helped the Eagles stop the Trojans, who were ranked ninth in the country before losing, 37-31, at Alumni Stadium on Saturday night.
- Events Calendar


text:
Choose your preferred language. We speak English and 41 other languages.
Most often used by people in the United States
All languages
Saved to list
Save to a list
San Diego, United States of America
400 West Broadway, Downtown San Diego, San Diego, CA 92101, United States of America – Show map
|Room Type
|Deluxe Queen Room
|King Suite
|Workout King Bike
|Pure King Room
|Executive King Suite
|Limited Time Offer - Traditional King Room
|Deluxe Queen Room with Bay View
|Pacific Suite
|Double Room with Two Double Beds - Disability Access
|Deluxe Double Room with Two Double Beds with Bay View
|Executive King Room - Non-Smoking
|King Room
|Double Room
|Hospitality King Suite
|Double Room with Two Double Beds
|Double Room with Two Double Beds - Disability Access/Non-Smoking
|Deluxe King Room
|Traditional King Room
|Traditional Double Room with Two Double Beds
|King Room with Bay View
|Double Room with Two Double Beds and Bay View
Low rates
No booking fees • Save money! Best price guarantee — enter dates to see these prices!
406 properties in San Diego
Including hotels, apartments, villas and more.
407 verified reviews
We verify all reviews from guests who have stayed at The Westin San Diego. Find out more.
They speak your language!
The Westin San Diego's staff speaks: English
Booking is safe
When you book with us your details are protected by a secure connection.
Outdoor Pool (all year), Sun Deck
Fitness Center, Massage, Hot Tub, Bicycle Rental
Food & Drink
Restaurant, Bar, Breakfast in the Room, Snack Bar
WiFi is available in public areas and is free of charge.
WiFi is available in the hotel rooms and charges apply.
Private parking is available on site (reservation is not needed) and charges apply.
Room Service, Packed Lunches, Vending Machine (drinks), Vending Machine (snacks), Car Rental, Airport Shuttle (free), 24-Hour Front Desk, Express Check-in/Check-out, Currency Exchange, Ticket Service, Baggage Storage, ATM on site, Concierge Service, Laundry, Dry Cleaning, Shoeshine, Daily Housekeeping, Meeting/Banquet Facilities, Fax/Photocopying, Souvenir/Gift Shop
Newspapers, Safe, Shops (on site), Non-smoking Rooms, Facilities for Disabled Guests, Family Rooms, Elevator, Heating, Hypoallergenic room available, All Spaces Non-Smoking (public and private)
From 3:00 PM
Until 12:00 PM
Cancellation and prepayment policies vary according to room type. Please enter the dates of your stay and check what conditions apply to your preferred room.
Children and Extra Beds
All children are welcome.
Up to two children under 17 years stay free of charge when using existing beds.
Any additional older children or adults are charged USD 20 per person per night when using existing beds.
One older child or adult is charged USD 20 per night in an extra bed.
One child under 2 years stays free of charge in a crib.
The maximum number of extra beds/cribs in a room is 1.
Any type of extra bed or crib is upon request and needs to be confirmed by management.
Additional fees are not calculated automatically in the total cost and will have to be paid for separately during your stay.
Pets are allowed on request. Charges may apply.
Cards accepted at this property
Hover over the cards for more info.
Ideal Alternatives for You
Guests are required to show a photo ID and credit card upon check-in. Please note that all Special Requests are subject to availability and additional charges may apply.
Based on 407 reviews
Value for money
Show reviews from:
Sort by:
The Keating Hotel by Pininfarina
Manchester Grand Hyatt San DiegoThe Manchester Grand Hyatt San Diego is a luxury resort hotel located in Downtown San Diego that features the Top of Hyatt Lounge and Bar with a spectacular view 40 stories above San Diego Bay.
Score from 1533 reviews Excellent
Overlooking San Diego Bay, this waterfront hotel is next to the San Diego Convention Center and PETCO Park, home of the San Diego Padres professional baseball team. It features a full-service spa.
Score from 1114 reviews Excellent
Boasting 3 on-site restaurants and a free shuttle service to San Diego Zoo, Seaport Village and San Diego Airport, Wyndham San Diego Bayside is on the San Diego Bay across from the cruise terminal.
Score from 202 reviews Very good
Adjacent to the Gaslamp Quarter, this San Diego hotel is 7.5 miles from Ocean Beach. It features a restaurant that serves California cuisine and rooms include an iPod docking station.
Score from 496 reviews Very good
Windows and view size of room
Location, Cleaness
Charging high $$ amount for Guest Parking
Walking distance to Little Italy, Sea Port Village and the Embarcadero. Excellent Restaurants and just a enough of a walk to still be comfortable.
The first morning our entry key systems battery wore out so we could not get into our room. We had to wait for maintenance to come up and repair it. The second night after dinning in Little Italy, all the elevators were out. Finally they opened up the freight elevator and took us up to our rooms.
I stayed for 1 night at the Westin while in San Diego. Then came back to the area 2 days later to catch my flight back to San Francisco. On the date of my flight, the hotel staff stored my luggage even if I checked out 2 days prior. PVery friendly and considerate staff!
I was told during chexk in that my deposit would be adjusted by manager and ready by check out (I adjusted my stay from 3 nights to 1 night). When I checked out, I was told that a manager still had to adjust my payment.
Check-in staff Hotel was beautiful, and more importantly, clean
The bed and go green program
$40/night for valet parking $25/per person for a marginal breakfast that should have been compted
Centrally located Hotel is clean Staff is courteous Amenities near by Overall very satisfied
Cancellation policy is confusing and harsh. Difficulties coordinating between Booking.com and Property to ensure I had a bay view room. Booking.com did an excellent job
The hotel is in a great area of town; a great base for exploring. The architecture and decoration are amazing and the rooms are very clean and comfortable!
I liked that the hotel was very clean and staff friendly.
I thought as a guest we shouldn't pay for parking. That should be included in the stay. 40.00 is a lot for a night. And a lot of hotels still include primary guest who pays for room free parking. I also ordered side of fries garlic sea salt. They were under heat lamp meaning not freshly made. I am a professional chef locally from San Diego. The fries will soggy and had to be sent back. The waitiness got me new ones. Was better but cook threw a lump of minced garlic right on top that's it,so I don't know if I would order again?
Big hotel, friendly staff and rapid service, location is excellent .
Rooms were modern, clean and comfortable. Nice layout and very quiet.
Toilet backed up . Parking overpriced
Location, size of the room, facilities.
No wifi in the room
Lovely spacious room, modern hotel with attractive spaces. Great breakfast in restaurant. Good location. Comfortable large bed. Well maintained and very clean.
Only valet parking, prefer to self-park.
The bed was super comfortable and the bar area is really nice. Concierge was very helpful.
The pool is really small and it was overrun by twentysomethings.
Nice, clean, and centrally located.
Parking is expensive. Hotel offers a free shuttle bus to the airport. The waterfront and gas lamp district are within walking distance.
The location, the bed very comfortable. Kevin @ conceriege desk very friendly & helpful
Our initial desk clerk @ checkin not very friendly. Reservation was for a king bed bay view stated she had no knowledge of that also wanted to be up as high as possible. Room was on the 13th floor with more of a city, with some bay somewhat disappointed with the room selection!!
I liked the comfy beds, and the view from the 14th floor.
It was too expensive for what you get. The room doesn't automatically include internet, you have to pay for breakfast, you can't check in till 3pm, etc. It was nice, but not $240 nice.
Staff, comfort, room, view.
Really, nothing.
Great location, clean room lovely communal areas
Parking costs ridiculous considering you can get public parking at a fraction of the cost just a couple of short blocks away. Also charging $14.95 a day for wifi is this day an age is over the top. If you stay in a budget motel you get free wifi
Your staff was great..so courteous and helpful Give them all a raise!
Nothing to mention.
The pool water was slightly dirty when we stayed, looked like toilet paper was shredded and floating about. But, the facilities as a whole were great.
Comfy beds, nice size room, very clean, airport t/f every 30mins
Pool was cold at 8pm. Its a little quiet to be walking home from the glasslamp district at 11or 12pm. Didnt feel unsafe but a few dodgey looking people walking around too. Parking v expensive but 25dollar per 24hr car park is directly across from the hotel.
We've negotiated with thousands of hotels to get the very best deals. We call them Secret Deals and they only last for a limited time.
You can get these deals for free by subscribing to our newsletters. You can even choose your favorite destinations to receive personalized deals.
Get started now by entering your email address. We'll instantly send you a link to our Deal Finder!
Don't worry – your email address is safe with us. We'll never share your private information and you can unsubscribe at any time.


text:
Tuesday November 25, 2014
Living Trust vs. WillsJacqueline Kennedy Onassis was diagnosed with cancer in January 1994. She signed a will in the New York offices of a large law firm on March 22, 1994. She passed away just two months later on May 19...
Exciting events are happening at HeritageThank you for your interest in The Heritage Foundation. Our hope is to serve you and your family with helpful information.
Free and Low-Cost Legal Services that Help People in NeedWhere can someone turn for free or low-cost legal help? My sister needs some professional legal assistance but she doesn't have a lot of money. There are actually a number of free and low-cost legal resources available today, but what's available will depend on where your sister lives, the type of legal assistance she needs and her financial situation. Here are several resources to check into. Legal Aid: Directed by the Legal Services Corporation, legal aid offers free legal assistance to low-income people of all ages. Each community program will differ slightly in the services they offer and income qualifications. See...


text:
Atmospheric reentry/exit in the Star Trek canon?
View Single Post
Archived Post
Lt. Commander
Join Date: Dec 2007
Posts: 120
# 7
I think the crash in Generations was very much a matter of power. Generations wasn't the Enterprise D's only atmospheric entry. In The Arsenal of Freedom it was able to enter and then leave an atmosphere while the ship wasn't separated, i.e. it still had its warp core. Without the warp core connected, the saucer can't really do much. It can limp around at impulse, but generally it's stuck siting around and waiting for the stardrive or a tow to come pick it up.
One of the reasons that ships need the crazy power levels the warp core puts out is that half of the stuff they do is explained by bending space and altering fundamental laws of motion around them. The Bird of Prey in ST IV created less of a thrust wash than a small helicopter does when it took off, so it appears their ability to disregard physics still works in an atmosphere. In Aresenal, the Enterprise had its full capabilities and was able to exit the atmosphere again. In Generations it didn't, so it was doomed as soon as the explosion pushed them into an orbit that intersected the planet (assuming they didn't disconnect already in a doomed orbit).


text:
Talk:Air pollution
|This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the Air pollution article.
Article policies
|Air pollution has been listed as a level-4 vital article in Society. If you can improve it, please do. This article has been rated as B-Class.
|This article is of interest to the following WikiProjects:
- 1 Comprehensiveness?
- 2 4.6 million deaths ???
- 3 Intro sentence
- 4 Modify the natural characteristics?
- 5 Headline text
- 6 Image:Atlanta parking garage settled particulates.jpg
- 7 Merge
- 8 Higher atmospheric CO2 leading to ocean acidification?
- 9 Primary and secondary pollutants
- 10 USA-only photos?
- 11 Donora
- 12 Clarification requests
- 13 Removed text
- 14 Air pollution control systems
- 15 Carbon Dioxide
- 16 Adding an AQ conferences page?
- 17 Observational Database
- 18 Dispersion Modeling
- 19 External Links
- 20 Air pollution article without... pollutants???
- 21 Graphics
- 22 A request for sources
- 23 Alternative spellings
- 24 Night Time Air Pollution
- 25 Carbon dioxide again
- 26 Use easier words please!!!!
- 27 Errors
- 28 Review Air pollution#Health effects
- 29 Room for improvement
- 30 Plagiarism of text
- 31 FEV1 verification request
- 32 "the human introduction..."
- 33 The Effects on Children section is not written in correct English
- 34 Control devices
- 35 Carbon Dioxide
- 36 Add Category:Emissions reduction since Air_pollution#Reduction_efforts ?
- 37 Bhopal?
- 38 Vegetation source of biogenic primary VOCs
- 39 CO2 is natural and we need it for daisies and lollipops :)
- 40 Edit request from , 9 October 2011
- 41 Odd location for table
- 42 Reduction efforts
- 43 Hydrofluoric Acid
- 44 Outdated images
- 45 polloshen
- 46 Life expectancy improved significantly in sites where air pollutants were controlled. PMID 21666054
- 47 The "City of London" is not London
- 48 Coal power plant air pollution etc.
I do feel pollution it its true sence is not comprehensive without due consideration to contaminations by biological agents, which, equally compromise the integrity on an environment. In mind are introductions of species outside native range resulting in adverse longterm impacts (email@example.com). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 22.214.171.124 (talk) 03:06, 21 June 2008 (UTC)
4.6 million deaths ???[edit]
I would like some source about it. I searched the WHO website for a while, and couldnt get a clue about the numbers. The only reliable document I found from WHO tells that the number are rather 1.5M (indoor air pollution) + 0.9 M (outdoor air pollution) = 2.4 M This document can be read here : http://www.who.int/entity/quantifying_ehimpacts/countryprofilesebd.xls
Hephaestos le Bancal 09:07, 23 October 2007 (UTC)
Deaths due to air pollution to skyrocket: CMA
An estimated 700,000 Canadians will die prematurely over the next two decades because of illnesses caused by poor air quality, the Canadian Medical Association said in a report Wednesday.[1]--CarrotLore (talk) 22:38, 13 August 2008 (UTC)
Intro sentence[edit]
- "Air pollution is a broad term applied to all chemical substances, physical and biological agents that modify the natural characteristics of the atmosphere."
I removed "substances, physical" above since there are no physical substances that modify something yet are inert. Koyaanis Qatsi
- But energy can affect the atmosphere (ie.: radiation) user:ChaTo Thursday, July 18, 2002.
- Particulates damage lungs through their physical presence, rather than chemistry, and are a significant element of air pollution.Will McW 23:05, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)
ATTENTION: The only thing that I see when I view this page is the words "GOD WILL SAVE!!!!" I do not know how to fix this but figured that it was worth mentioning, seeing as probably no one can view this page.
Modify the natural characteristics?[edit]
I think that the phrase
- modify the natural characteristics
is not what air pollution means. There is a connotation of making the air noxious, smelly, discolored; causing known bad side effects like death from humans inhaling poisons; or unpleasant side effects like smog; or theoretical disastrous side effects, e.g., ozone depletion or global warming.
The word modify just doesn't work here. Ed Poor, Friday, July 12, 2002
- Good point. "Damage the atmosphere" seems a little strong, though. Maybe a link to pollution? Vicki Rosenzweig, Saturday, July 13, 2002
- I disagree. We can't know if the changes we are making to the atmosphere are for good. For instance, if we talk about water pollution, and i throw sugar on a river, i'm not damaging the water, i'm making it sweeter!. Maybe the sugar is harmless, maybe it's not, but i have polluted the river. Polution comes from the latin "pollere" meaning "soil" and "defile". On the other side, From The Longman Dictionary of Environmental Science, as "any harmful or undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological quality of air, water or soil . . . ". I think there is a strong controversy here, some definitions include harm made by humans and by nature (ie: the explosion of a volcano), and some definitions accept changes to the environment that are not harmful (for instance, aesthetic changes, or ) as being non-pollution. Maybe we should put both views here. user:ChaTo Thursday, July 18, 2002.
its not the point whether we are making changes for the good or not. any change from prehistoric times is simply a change and de facto pollution of the atmosphere. we are not smart enough to judge what effect these changes will have on people and ecosystems. our job is to factually record in wikipedia what these changes or pollutants are. maybe the phrase is "materially alter the content of air". its a mouthful though and someone can come up with a better wording Anlace February 17, 2006
Hey. I disagree with ChaTo on the sugar part, when you add sugar on a river or water, there's no way you will have water again. You anticipated a product from the mixture, which is "sweet water" but not water. And yes it does damage the water because it natural flavor isn't there anymore, and sugar isn't a safe substance for human due to the fact that we do have diabetic agents within our enviroment. And to continue with the main subject, I think that air pollution is an enormous issues, and i indeed appreciate the effort done by the engineers, scientists, enviromentalists, and all those that volunteer to put an end to this matter. The French, Russians, Japonese, and many more are contributed on that behalf by operating their vehicle with water, hybrid and diesel instead of gasoline. which are steps that prove that they are working to reduce the chances for "Global warming", and many incidents to come. User:nikel81ex Tuesday, March 20, 2007
But still, what is a "natural state" of the atmosphere? When the first leaf plants began to produce oxygen (a poison from some perspective) a mass extinction followed. IMHO, pollution definitions are very atropocentric - if it harms the human body, it is a pollution. Also, pollution is not only man-made: think about a volcano, even if its natural, we call it a polluter. --Oderbolz 06:07, 29 March 2007 (UTB)
==Carbon dioxide== Carbondioxide is not air pollutant. CO2 is essential gas for photosynthesis. Whole life on Earth depends on that. Siim 21:18, 14 Oct 2004 (UTC)
- True. A better example in this context would be carbon monoxide.Will McW 23:06, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)
- I am afraid it all depends what you mean by 'air pollutant'. There are natural sources of carbon monoxide as well as of carbon dioxide (especially natural wildfires). Ozone is also essential for life as we know it - without the ozone layer levels of ultraviolet light would be huge. However there is no doubt in most people's minds that low level ozone is a pollutant. The point about CO2 is that its levels are substantially elevated above the levels observed in recent geological time and is now believed by most scientists to be changing the climate. A good definition of air pollution is that from the state of Maine:
"Air pollution" means the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more air contaminants in sufficient quantities and of such characteristics and duration as to be injurious to human, plant or animal life or to property, or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment of life and property throughout the State or throughout such areas of the State as shall be affected thereby.[2]
- I am afraid it all depends what you mean by 'air pollutant'. There are natural sources of carbon monoxide as well as of carbon dioxide (especially natural wildfires). Ozone is also essential for life as we know it - without the ozone layer levels of ultraviolet light would be huge. However there is no doubt in most people's minds that low level ozone is a pollutant. The point about CO2 is that its levels are substantially elevated above the levels observed in recent geological time and is now believed by most scientists to be changing the climate. A good definition of air pollution is that from the state of Maine:
any substance can be a pollutant ...the notion is material alteration of any chemical. oxygen would be a pollutant if it became 100 percent of our air :)Anlace 14:11, 10 February 2006 Media:(UTC)
Headline text[edit]
Image:Atlanta parking garage settled particulates.jpg[edit]
This image was removed with the rationale "these particuates are from concrete & road dirt, not air pollution." I have replaced the image. I agree the the particulates may be mostly from concrete and 'road dirt.' However, according to the article, these are in fact sources of air pollution. The point being, if the particulates arrived by air (which I assert they did), they were air pollution. -SCEhardT 18:02, 19 November 2005 (UTC)
Whether the particles are from concrete or road dirt they are > 100 microns. Unless they're under 2.5 microns, EPA doesn't consider them to be air pollution because they settle out so quickly. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ghosts&empties (talk • contribs) .
- I'm not entirely sure what the EPA has to do with this. Are you saying the Dust Bowl wasn't air pollution? -SCEhardT 17:22, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
- This is not correct. Dispersion aerosols are > 2 microns. Dust from breaks and tyres are mayjor sources of PM10 (if you look at a Diesel vehicle, about 60% of its PM10 emission comes from Tyres and breaks).
--Oderbolz 06:11, 29 March 2007 (UTC)
Basically, yes. Dust storms obscure visibility, but unless the dust is respirable (0.1 - 2.5 microns) the health effects aren't particularly a concern with some exceptions (e.g. cattle in a feedlot). —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ghosts&empties (talk • contribs) .
- Particulates are the chief form of air pollution in many communities, especially those engaged in agriculture, and can be a major health problem. I'm not sure how we know the particulates in the photo were of a certain size, but I'm sure we can find a better photo to illustrate the concept, like a dust storm or dust devil. -Willmcw 21:29, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
- The other question is what one means by pollution. Particulates with a diameter greater than 2.5 microns may not be considered pollution by the EPA (the standard in the UK actually has an upper cut off at 10 microns) but they may still have harmful effects. Some examples of this could be the soiling caused by the particulates or the radiative effects. Many people would feel that reduced visibility itself is undesireable. Not all pollution is simply about effects on human health. I agree we might find a better picture though. I'll have a think.--NHSavage 23:22, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
- Note: establishing PM2.5 guidelines (vs. PM10) doesn't mean that what was pollution before no longer is. The definition has only broadened. Onceler 03:03, 2 February 2006 (UTC)
- Hello all. This formatting monstrosity, quite possibly a copyvio, just came up on Special:Newpages, I think its pretty clear that it should be merged here. Thoughts? Jdcooper 17:29, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
- I agree with you on the merge. Because it's information from the EPA, it's not actually a copyvio, but it is terribly redundant and should be merged. TomTheHand 17:49, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
Air pollution is a broad term. there are several fields under air pollution. Air toxics is in itself a big field of study. There is a seperate section at USEPA office which is working on Air toxics. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/index.html I am a graduate student in atmospheric sciences working on Air Quality issues at NC state university and currently working on a project to develop a full fledged course on air toxics. I think we should not not merge Air toxic in Air pollution, though we can put a link in air pollution topic.
- In theory I would agree that air toxics could be a separate article, if it actually had content and wasn't just a copy of one of the EPA's web pages. As it stands, though, it has no original content and should be merged. TomTheHand 18:03, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
- I don't have an opinions on the merge. As Naserke (please sign your edits :-)) is the graduate student in atmospheric sciences I am not going to argue either side, there seems to be an overlap, but if there is potential for separation then thats fine. However, the Air toxics article needs considerable formatting work done, especially wikification, its still a monstrosity! And as you pointed out TomTheHand, its not particularly useful solely as a copy of another site, it might as well just be an external link on this page if we're going to keep it like that. Basically, it just needs to be brought into line with the stern hand of Wikipedia :-) Jdcooper 18:10, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
I would have to agree with JDcooper on this one. Having the article as solely a copy of another site doesn't make sense when a simple link will do. CleanAir 15:47, 27 April 2006 (UTC)
I am new to wikipedia and don't know much about formatting and how to sign my edits. sorry for this. I am trying to learn this Naserke
I have placed external link on this page. Naserke 18:45, 11 January 2006 (UTC)
- Ok, ace, thats good for now, but if you actually do think a distinct topic can be covered under the Air toxins article, then absolutely go for it, Be Bold! Jdcooper 04:17, 12 January 2006 (UTC)
Regarding sugestions that this article is redundant, I should mention that air pollutants and air toxics are two totally different terms. Like, ozone is an air pollutant but not air toxic. Naserke 04:18, 17 January 2006 (UTC)
- The EPA page on "Air Toxics" refers to "toxic air pollutants",[3] which seems to blur the distinction, and their final list of air toxins includes ozone. [4] -Will Beback 04:32, 17 January 2006 (UTC)
Merged - such as it consisted only of a couple of EPA links. Restart the page (now a redirect) when and if there is some real content. Vsmith 04:52, 17 January 2006 (UTC)
Hey Will Beback http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/188polls.html This is list of 188 air toxics listed by EPA. I couldn't find ozone in it. I will update when i will write some material on it. Till then its ok to be redirected to air pollution. Naserke 05:03, 22 January 2006 (UTC)
Air toxics should be linked to air pollution not merged. the notion of toxics is clearly separated from air pollution in general. for example CO is not a carcinogen, but radon is. air toxics is an important topic in itself and should not be redirected or merged here. Anlace 14:15, 10 February 2006 (UTC)
The term 'air pollution' is an umbrella term and encompasses a wide range of topics including both criteria pollutants such as ozone and particulates and also air toxics such as benzene. I believe criteria air pollutants are those which EPA has set national ambient air quality standards for, and air toxics do not have standards. I think the air pollution page should have an air toxics subsection with general overview and a link to a separate air toxics page which contains more detailed information. 'Same thing for criteria air pollutants'. Thomaslambert 13:48, 13 December 2006 (UTC)
Higher atmospheric CO2 leading to ocean acidification?[edit]
I happened to hear mention about this on one or another NPR program, perhaps Science Friday, about a couple of weeks ago. I don't know how controversial it is or what the quantitative dependencies are understood to be (how much more CO2 would cause how much of a lower pH). Also, I haven't heard mention about how much ocean pH would need to lower by in order to have an effect on marine life. As I understand it, the greatest effects would be on the more primitive or "lower echelon" life forms such as coral and plankton and these would in turn affect things which feed on them, which indirectly means everything in the water. This sounds like a pretty important consequence of something happening in the atmosphere. I mention it on this talk page because it would be one effect of an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the air and believe this would probably justify a brief mention with a link to any more relevant existing article about the ocean or ocean pollution, such as may exist. I was thinking I would add such info if/when I can find more references. Perhaps I am just not looking in the right place. If anyone else knows more about a wikipedia precedent for this feel free to pipe in. I don't want to reinvent the wheel, so to speak. -Onceler 01:59, 2 February 2006 (UTC)
Sorry about the bother! I forgot I had docked my preferences the other day to tailor my searches. I found what I was looking for: Ocean acidification. -Onceler 10:49, 2 February 2006 (UTC)
- Hey Onceler. Feel free to pipe in. Be bold. Yes, find references, and add what they say. All we should be doing here is verifiably summarizing reliable sources using the neutral point of view. Indeed, certain kinds of water pollution may be a consequence of certain kinds of air pollution, and so it's a relevant topic. Cheers, -Will Beback 11:42, 2 February 2006 (UTC)
Primary and secondary pollutants[edit]
On a cautionary note, reference to primary and secondary pollutants does seem to be common elsewhere and as such might have had a place in the article--I base this only on a google search. As I am not familiar with them, might I ask, what are primary and secondary standards? Could both senses (re pollutants/re standards) be used if they are properly defined? -Onceler 15:55, 11 February 2006 (UTC)
As I was not aware of these terms with respect to standards myself, I'll mention this for future reference. Regarding
- standards:
- The EPA ranks regulations in accordance with who or what they are intended to protect as primary ("human health, including sensitive populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals suffering from respiratory disease") and secondary ("public welfare" such as "building facades, visibility, crops, and domestic animals"). This is per the article National Ambient Air Quality Standards as sourced from the EPA website. Does anyone know if these terms are based on any other more general or universal regulatory framework outside the EPA?
- pollutants:
- Primary and secondary had formerly been used in this article to refer respectively to pollutants which are released directly and those which form after the fact from some combination of primary pollutants and/or other substances. It would be worthwhile knowing whether there are alternate formal or more appropriate terms to indicate the same thing.
Again, my comment is to weigh in on the relevance of primary/secondary distinctions in both senses and that there need not be confusion within the article as long as references are made clearly and appropriate caveats noted. Something like the above bullets might be worthwhile putting in the article itself. Unless more appropriate terminology is found, it would be better for this article to include and clarify multiple-sense terms which might cause confusion instead of ducking the question for the sake of convenience. -Onceler 02:04, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
USA-only photos?[edit]
Any thoughts on the USA-only photos on this page? I believe that there may be air quality issues in other nations. Thoughts? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Hu Gadarn (talk • contribs) .
- I think this is because only people in the US have contributed photos. Do you have relevant photos from Canada? -SCEhardT 19:05, 14 April 2006 (UTC)
I have photos of: (i) marine vessel emissions; (ii) "beehive"/"tee-pee" burners; (iii) gridlock in Vancouver, BC; (iv) outdoor burning (e.g. agriculture); (v) household emissions (e.g. lawnmowers, wood stoves, smoking BBQs; (vi) degraded visibility... I didn't want to simply remove some else's photo and install my own but if there's any interest in any of these then I'll upload. Hu Gadarn (talk • contribs) .
- I'd suggest that you check out commons:Air pollution and commons:Category:Air pollution. Upload any of your photos that you think would be useful additions (there doesn't seem to be anything covering marine vessel emissions, for example). Even if they aren't used in this article, they'll probably be used in other articles or on other language wikipedias in the future. After that, pick out the best photos from the group and use them to illustrate the issues covered in this article - I wouldn't worry about who added the current images since everyone's goal should be to make the best article possible. -SCEhardT 20:53, 18 April 2006 (UTC)
I've sat in on presentations where Donora-type incidents were said to have happened in New York City and in London during the 50s and 60s. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 126.96.36.199 (talk • contribs) .
- For those people like me who had not heard of Donora see [5]. London's equivalent was Great Smog of 1952. As for NY there is nothing mentioned in Timeline_of_New_York_City_crimes_and_disasters#20th_century but I am sure smog was a problem and remains (albeit now photochemical not winter).--NHSavage 20:15, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
There is a nice summary page of summary of historical international AQ episodes & issues (e.g. 900 BC Egypt, 61 AD Rome) and another of key US AQ episodes, including St Louis, NY, Donora and LA.--Hu Gadarn
Clarification requests[edit]
- In the "Deaths" section, the phrases "many" and "linked to" are vague, and should be replaced with more concrete terms. -- Beland 03:11, 28 April 2006 (UTC)
- The "Indoor air pollution" has a litany of things which make it sound like practically every household object is constantly emitting deadly gases. Some context should be provided about the amount of pollution generated, the amount of ventihilation needed for safe co-existence, relative risk, etc. - - Beland 03:24, 28 April 2006 (UTC)
Removed text[edit]
- These natural radon emissions can be blocked by a layer of aluminum foil under the carpet (according to the U.S. Department of Air Quality Management).
A quick check couldn't find evidence of any such department, making the entire claim somewhat dubious. -- Beland 03:19, 28 April 2006 (UTC)
Air pollution control systems[edit]
I think the wet scrubbers should not point to the more general scrubber page, but created a new page. This is because scrubbers are not only wet! The Vindictive 12:36, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
- Feel free to create such a page, but it should have much more information than what's in the current general scrubber page to justify a split. Until then, wet scrubber (and now dry scrubber, thanks) should point to the general page. --Spiffy sperry 14:36, 18 December 2006 (UTC)
Will do so. Thanks. The Vindictive 08:47, 21 December 2006 (UTC)
The wet scrubber page is ready. Feel free to have a look at it. I don't know who included heat exchangers in the air pollution control technologies category? It should be removed. What do you think? The Vindictive 15:28, 22 December 2006 (UTC)
Carbon Dioxide[edit]
I have reverted the prevous edit to include a counter-comment about CO2. It has been known for at least a century that CO2 is part of the respiration cycle in animals (see JS Haldane, Respiration, 1935 for example), and it is a vital part of photosynthesis in plant life. By any definition of "pollution", it cannot be regarded as a pollutant. Wikipedia must try to give a balanced neutral view, and not one dictated by political expediency.
Peterrhyslewis 08:53, 25 January 2007 (UTC)
- There are many substances which are beneficial in some circumstances but harmful in certian places or concentrations. Ozone is helpful up in the stratosphere but unhealthy in the troposhphere. Likewise, CO2 is harmful to the climate in high concentrations, even while being a natural part of the environment in lower concentrations. That's not politics, it's science. -Will Beback · † · 02:21, 26 January 2007 (UTC)
- The case against CO2 being harmful at 0.038% concentration is unproven. By the same argument, water can also be "harmful" snce you can drown in the liquid. Thats the science and the reality. Most people would not think of water being a pollutant, or being harmful. I do not see CO2 being classified as a "pollutant" in any of the sub-sections of the article where various national policies are discussed.Peterrhyslewis 09:40, 26 January 2007 (UTC)
- CO2 is a greenhouse gas, not a pollutant. The Vindictive 19:01, 6 April 2007 (UTC)
- The U.S. Supreme Court recently ruled that CO2 is a pollutant, and must be regulated by the EPA. The greenhouse effect is one negative impact which qualifies it as a pollutant rather than a neutral or beneficial byproduct. -- Beland 00:05, 10 July 2007 (UTC)
- CO2 is a greenhouse gas, not a pollutant. The Vindictive 19:01, 6 April 2007 (UTC)
yes it harmless,but it is a green house gas. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Abhiramreddy005 (talk • contribs) 00:37, 12 August 2010 (UTC)
Adding an AQ conferences page?[edit]
Any thoughts about providing links to recurring/upcoming AQ conferencers on this page? Hu Gadarn 22:54, 29 January 2007 (UTC)
Observational Database[edit]
A large observational database of many different atmospheric constituents including radicals from a host of platforms is available. This was created as part of ESA Envisat and NASA Aura validation. It is of general use. Do you think it should be added to the article text? Dlary 03:17, 4 February 2007 (UTC)
Dispersion Modeling[edit]
It would be appropriate to move the section on dispersion modeling to a separate article.
18.104.22.168 23:26, 20 February 2007 (UTC)
- The topic of dispersion modeling is absolutely central to Air pollution and this section must remain. As you can see there is also a substantial subarticle to carry the bulk of the material, but we need the substantive summary that is now present. Anlace 17:17, 21 February 2007 (UTC)
External Links[edit]
I am quite new to editing Wikipedia. I wish I had time to do more. (Some day I will).
Recently I had added an external link to a site I control (bad, I now know). I should have suggested it here and let you all decide whether it merits inclusion.
iwantcleanair.com is primarily a public service to let people know about air quality. The most important aspect is a daily air quality forcast for the United States. This information is available at: http://www.iwantcleanair.com/index.cfm?catID=10
On a regular basis, there are parts of the United States where the air quality is projected to be either Code Red (Unhealthy - everyone will experience health effects) or Code Orange (Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups - people with lung or heart disease, the elderly and children will experience health effects).
If wikipedia can host a script to include this information on a daily basis, I would be happy to help write it. If not, please include a link to the Air Quality Alerts at http://www.iwantcleanair.com/index.cfm?catID=10
Thanks. --IwantCleanAir 00:17, 4 March 2007 (UTC)
Air pollution article without... pollutants???[edit]
If we have created an article about air pollution, besides the description of air pollution and the sources of air pollution, shouldn't we also have a section describing the... pollutants??? The Vindictive 17:04, 7 April 2007 (UTC)
- Since added, apparently. -- Beland 00:06, 10 July 2007 (UTC)
If anybody wants to figure out the licensing involved...
- [6] has some historical charts for various world cities.
- The European Space Agency has world NO2 maps (terms of use, similar to Image:NO2 pollution europe hires.jpg)
A request for sources[edit]
I would like to ask for refernces and sources of information confirming this statement: "The World Health Organization thinks that 4.6 million people die each year from causes directly attributable to air pollution", and this one: "Published in 2005 suggests that 310,000 Europeans die from air pollution annually". If you can just insert the exact link where these facts were taken from, it'll be really good. thanks! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 126.96.36.199 (talk) 09:36, August 29, 2007 (UTC)
Alternative spellings[edit]
Wikipedia policy regarding words that have alternative spellings is that the spelling used in the earliest chronological introduction of such words in an article shall be used in that article from then on.
Since the originator of this article used U.S. English spellings rather than British English spellings when choosing to use the words desulfurization, sulfur dioxide and sulfur in creating this article means that U.S. English spellings are always to be retained in this article. This does not mean that either spelling is "right" or "wrong". It simply means that it is Wikipedia policy. - mbeychok 15:53, 16 September 2007 (UTC)
Night Time Air Pollution[edit]
In the two cities I have lived, I have noticed a pattern, that night time air pollution can turn dramatically worse. In common with both cities is the fact that the air pollution control authorities are 9-5 M-F employees. So, in effect the laws are enforced 9-5, with bio/chemical terrorist monitoring departments getting tons of money, but they do not look into any real changes in air quality (least they interfer with regular commerce). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 18.104.22.168 (talk) 10:25, 22 September 2007 (UTC)
Carbon dioxide again[edit]
To keep its NPOV status, carbon dioxide cannot be referred to as a pollutant since it is vital for all plant life. If I am wrong about this bit of schoolboy science, please correct me! Peterlewis (talk) 12:46, 24 November 2007 (UTC)
- CO2 is not only vital for plants. Any moron depends on it. Still it may become a pollutant in various ways. If your cubicle is filled with CO2 you die (while your plant may hang in a bit longer). When the outdoor concentration generally rises and in consequence alters the atmosphere's radiative properties, that substance is a pollutant. This is a repetition of what was discussed on this page in 2004. Gabriel Kielland (talk) 18:27, 24 November 2007 (UTC)
- Yes, I suppose water by the same token is also a pollutant (since you can drown in it). The term "pollutant" has thus lost any reasonable definition. The use of the term has become a political statement rather than an objective scientific term. Peterlewis (talk) 19:54, 24 November 2007 (UTC)
- Peter, reason and logic will not prevail with those who close their minds to whatever they have decided is "the truth". Especially those who have only been on the Wikipedia about 3 months and have yet to read or learn about Wikipedia's Neutral Point of View policy (WP:NPOV) or most other policies for that matter ... such as the Wiki policy on civility (WP:Civility). Perhaps that is why he uses phrases like "weasel worded" and "any moron".
- You might try informing Gabriel that that Frederick Seitz, past president of the National Academy of Science (USA), thinks that global warming theory is based on flawed ideas (See http://www.oism.org/pproject/s33p41.htm). In fact, he has sponsored a petition to have the United States government reject the Kyoto Protocal ... and the petition now has 19,000 signatures.
- If he needs hard, scientific evidence that the global warming theory is flawed, ask him to read this article:
- A.B. Robinson, N.E. Robinson and Willie Soon, "Environmental Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide", Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons (2007) 12, 78-90. A copy is available online at http://www.oism.org/pproject/GWReview_OISM300.pdf
- Keep the faith and keep trying. I thoroughly agreed with the sentence that you added to Air pollution which was deleted by Gabriel - mbeychok (talk) 07:48, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
- No, it isn't religion. Keep the faith is just a saying that means keep hoping, keep trying or don't give up. As for Frederick Seitz (past president of the National Academy of Science) and many others who agree with him, I thought the whole idea of democracy and NPOV was to allow the hearing of minority opinions.
- This whole issue is about Peterlewis having added one sentence that read Other scientists recognise carbon dioxide is essential for plant life and should not be classed as a pollutant ... which was deleted by Gabriel Kieland in a rather rude manner. Peterlewis did not delete any of the content stating otherwise ... he merely pointed out that many of us simply do not agree. Is that not the very essence of the NPOV policy? Please read all of the background on this discussion. - mbeychok (talk) 18:26, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
- The current article notes the dual role of CO2. It's not the only chemical that has a dual role - beneficial and pollutant. With CO2 it is the increasing concentration in the atmosphere that makes it a pollutant - and yes that increasing concentration may well be beneficial to plant life while producing serious problems for humanity (and polar bears...). With that Other scientists recognise carbon dioxide is essential for plant life ... he was implying that the climate scientists didn't recognize that basic truism and therefore must be blind or dumb.
- And keep the faith means a basic religious attitude of ignore the evidence - all you gotta do is believe. Cheers, Vsmith (talk) 19:29, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
The entire sentence is a straw man argument - saying that somehow, classifying anthropogenic CO2 as a pollutant means you don't believe it is essential for life. Furthermore, the clause "other scientists recognize... that it should not be classed as a pollutant" is very POV, since it implies that "CO2 should not be classed as a pollutant" is an inarguable truth which merely needs "recognition". Obviously, if human-released CO2 alters the climate of the earth negatively, it can reasonably be classed as a pollutant, quite independent of its beneficial / necessary roles. Making this into an argument about the validity of global warming is asinine, since the fact at issue - climate scientists now class CO2 as a pollutant - is not disputed. <eleland/talkedits> 01:55, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
- The statement now reads: "(CO2 ...) have recently gained recognition as pollutants by climate scientists." This is a severe understatement. The recognition is currently with every OECD government except that of USA. Sad really. Also the unsigned hard scientific evidence above is only saddening stubbornness. This article could however benefit from a paragraph on beneficial side effects of pollutants. Nitrogen fertilizes. Sulphur deposition acts to raise production in some exotic ecosystems. Gabriel Kielland (talk) 20:07, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
- Thanks for agreeing with me that labelling CO2 as a pollutant is a political rather than scientific doctrine. What is really sad is attitudes which fail to recognise rational scepticism as the way to keep politicians in check. That and the ballot box (when we are allowed to vote). Peterlewis (talk) 20:17, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
- Gabriel Kielland: This is a quote from your above resonse: the unsigned hard scientific evidence above is only saddening stubbornness. What unsigned response are you talking about? As far as can see, every response in this posting has been signed. You know, it is possible to respond on a Talk page without denigrating a prior response. Your inability to do so is what is really saddening stubborness. - mbeychok (talk) 20:32, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
- My apologies to Mbeychok for not having recognized that the two references above are within his entry. Both are unrelated to this discussion. Peterlewis has however a point that air pollution is a political topic. The link between scientific recommendations and political response is not well described in the article. A rather random selection of policies are hidden under the title Air quality standards. A separate article Air quality (rather than the current redirect) would be an improvement. Also a section Air pollution#Policies. The very last section on Greenhouse effect and ocean acidification actually explains about water in relation to air pollution from CO2. This could clearly be improved upon. Gabriel Kielland 23:30, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
Use easier words please!!!![edit]
Please use easier words, this website is for everyone, including kids —Preceding unsigned comment added by Fiddleswith (talk • contribs) 13:01, 13 March 2008 (UTC)
- Although articles shouldn't be unnecessarily complex, Wikipedia isn't designed to be easy for kids to read. -SCEhardT 01:33, 25 March 2008 (UTC)
There is a major error in the list showing CO2 emissions in tonnes for a number of countries. These figures are way, way off. I followed the footnote back to the source, and sure enough, whoever wrote this section misunderstood the meaning of the data. The data actually show only emissions from the electric power generation sector of each of the listed countries. This needs to be fixed asap. An excellent source of data for developed countries (and some developing nations) is the website of the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convestion on Climate Change). (Steve S). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 126.96.36.199 (talk) 20:49, 23 March 2008 (UTC)
Note that the there is also a major error in the data showing carbon dioxide emissions per capita. All these figures are way off. For example, from UNFCCC data, US per capita emissions are well over 20 tonnes of CO2 per person. Perhaps whoever wrote this section got carbon dioxide and carbon mixed up (sometimes, CO2 emissions are given in tons of CO2, and sometimes they are given in tonnes of Carbon). In any case, someone needs to review this entire section. (Steve S.) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 22.214.171.124 (talk) 21:04, 23 March 2008 (UTC)
- There are many charts and tables on that website. http://unfccc.int/ghg_emissions_data/items/3800.php Can you provide a link to the table you're talking about? ·:· Will Beback ·:· 19:11, 1 April 2008 (UTC)
This part needs to be cleaned up : then language is convoluted and fails to articulate what it is attempting to say :
"2002 at least 146 million Americans were living in areas that did not failed to meet at least one of the "criteria pollutants" laid out in the 1997 National Ambient Air Quality Standards."
"that did not failed to meet" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 22.214.171.124 (talk) 21:47, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
Review Air pollution#Health effects[edit]
Hi there
I'm not an expert in this field. I merged the apparently good-faith attempt to start an article at Air Pollutions Effect on Pulmonary diseases and Children into the article because that "article" was a non-starter. I've cleaned up the section headers and refs, but I'm not sure if there is any undue weight or POV issues. I hope those who can, can run a critical eye over these contribs. Thanks. --Rifleman 82 (talk) 17:17, 1 May 2008 (UTC) what will happen if we stop polluting? we ill save nature and not kill our planet... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.8.131.52 (talk) 23:17, 6 May 2008 (UTC)
Room for improvement[edit]
This article is surprisingly light when it comes to facts and sources. Surely there are more things available? I remember seeing some shocking statistics from Katowice and Nowa Huta in Poland in the eighties. Nothing of this article shows the risks as clearly as those numbers did. I lost those sources of course. Time passes. Mlewan (talk) 12:07, 16 July 2008 (UTC)aND i SAY hi
Plagiarism of text[edit]
I found that text in the "Health effects" section of the article was directly plagiarized from an article in Science Daily (see reference footnote in section for link to article). I quoted and paraphrased a couple of sentences in that section, but I'm not able right now to check the rest of the article. It might be a good idea to check the rest of the section and article for the problem.
WriterHound (talk) 23:08, 17 August 2008 (UTC)
- Hmmm...turns out that Science Daily copied text directly from the Wikipedia article instead! It did however say something about it at the bottom of the page.
- WriterHound (talk) 00:19, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
FEV1 verification request[edit]
I've made a quick edit to the following sentence, which contained an inaccuracy:
- "The amount of the pollutant FEV1 was significantly lower in urban employees however lung function was decreased..."
The problem is that FEV1 is not a pollutant. FEV1 is a measure of lung function (Forced Expiratory Volume, 1 second). Lower FEV1 is a sign of decreased lung function. I've made a guess at what the sentence is supposed to say, but I do not have access to the source. If someone does have access to the source, could they please verify that the sentence matches the source? Matt Fitzpatrick (talk) 02:57, 8 September 2008 (UTC)
- Tracked down a copy, source verification done. Matt Fitzpatrick (talk) 21:35, 3 December 2008 (UTC)
What is Air Pollution?
Air is the ocean we breathe. Air supplies us with oxygen which is essential for our bodies to live. Air is 99.9% nitrogen, oxygen, water vapour and inert gases. Human activities can release substances into the air, some of which can cause problems for humans, plants and animals. There are several main types of pollution and well-known effects of pollution which are commonly discussed. These includes smog, acid rain, greenhouse effect, and "holes" in the ozone layer. Each of these problems has serious implications for our health and well-being as well as for the whole environment. One type of air pollution is the release of particles into the air from burning fuel for energy. Diesel smoke is a good example of this particulate matter . The particles are very small pieces of matter measuring about 2.5 microns or about .0001 inches. This type of pollution is sometimes referred to as "black carbon" pollution. The exhaust from burning fuels in automobiles, homes, and industries is a major source of pollution in the air. Some authorities believe that even the burning of wood and charcoal in fireplaces and barbeques can release significant quantites of soot into the air. Another type of pollution is the release of noxious gases, such as sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and chemical vapours. These can take part in further chemical reactions once they are in the atmosphere, forming smog and acid rain. Pollution also needs to be considered inside our homes, offices, and schools. Some of these pollutants can be created by indoor activities such as smoking and cooking. In the United States, we spend about 80-90% of our time inside buildings, and so our exposure to harmful indoor pollutants can be serious. It is therefore important to consider both indoor and outdoor air pollution.
How can air pollution hurt my health?
Air pollution can affect our health in many ways with both short-term and long-term effects. Different groups of individuals are affected by air pollution in different ways. Some individuals are much more sensitive to pollutants than are others. Young children and elderly people often suffer more from the effects of air pollution. People with health problems such as asthma, heart and lung disease may also suffer more when the air is polluted. The extent to which an individual is harmed by air pollution usually depends on the total exposure to the damaging chemicals, i.e., the duration of exposure and the concentration of the chemicals must be taken into account. Examples of short-term effects include irritation to the eyes, nose and throat, and upper respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia. Other symptoms can include headaches, nausea, and allergic reactions. Short-term air pollution can aggravate the medical conditions of individuals with asthma and emphysema. In the great "Smog Disaster" in London in 1952, four thousand people died in a few days due to the high concentrations of pollution. Long-term health effects can include chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer, heart disease, and even damage to the brain, nerves, liver, or kidneys. Continual exposure to air pollution affects the lungs of growing children and may aggravate or complicate medical conditions in the elderly. It is estimated that half a million people die prematurely every year in the United States as a result of smoking cigarettes. Research into the health effects of air pollution is ongoing. Medical conditions arising from air pollution can be very expensive. Healthcare costs, lost productivity in the workplace, and human welfare impacts cost billions of dollars each year. Additional information on the health effects of air pollution is available from the Natural Resources Defense Council. A short article on the health effects of ozone (a major component of smog) is available from the B.A.A.Q.M.D. Why study black carbon pollution?
Black carbon pollution is the release of tiny particles into the air from burning fuel for energy. Air pollution caused by such particulates has been a major problem since the beginning of the industrial revolution and the development of the internal combustion engine . Scientific publications dealing with the analysis of soot and smoke date back as early as 1896. Mankind has become so dependent on the burning of fossil fuels (petroleum products, coal, and natural gas) that the sum total of all combustion-related emissions now constitutes a serious and widespread problem, not only to human health, but also to the entire global environment. Additional resources dealing with the problems associated with particulate pollution are available from Burning Issues. (This group has additional information at a second site.) In recent years, there has been great concern about black carbon pollution of the air in parts of Eastern Europe. Education is one important step toward correcting the problem.
Effects of air pollution
The graphs of air pollution —Preceding unsigned comment added by 22.214.171.124 (talk) 11:16, 15 September 2008 (UTC)
"the human introduction..."[edit]
The first line of this article used to read:
Air pollution is the human introduction of, chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere.
I have removed the word "human" from the beginning of this sentence. I have two examples to back my reasoning:
- Volcanic ash.
- The blue haze shrouding the Blue Ridge Mountains is caused by hydrocarbons released by evergreen trees during photochemical reactions.
JHMM13(Disc) 21:12, 23 December 2008 (UTC)
The Effects on Children section is not written in correct English[edit]
Problems bolded - I don't know how to make changes myself. I hope someone else will clean up the writing in this section.
Effects on children
Cities around the world with high exposure to air pollutants has the possibility of children living within them to develop asthma, pneumonia and other lower respiratory infections as well as a low initial birth rate. [not correct English, verb doesn't agree with subject]
Protective measures to ensure the youths health is being taken in cities such as New Delhi, India where buses now use compressed natural gas to help eliminate the "pea-soup" smog.[21] ... [youths? verb disagreement again: "protective measures ...is" is not correct]
Research by the World Health Organization shows there is the greatest concentration of particulate matter particles in countries with low economic world power and high poverty and population rates. [Not sure this is correct English. Also "particulate matter particles"? Unclear what that is.]
... The Clean Air Act was passed in 1970, however in 2002 at least 146 million Americans were living in areas that did not meet at least one of the "criteria pollutants" laid out in the 1997 National Ambient Air Quality Standards.[22] [Switches from the world/India to US Clean Air Act without saying the Clean Air Act is in the US. I think this means "meet the standards for criteria pollutants"]
Those pollutants included: ozone, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and lead. Because children are outdoors more and have higher minute ventilation they are more susceptible to the dangers of air pollution. [I have never heard the term "minute ventilation".] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.108.40.206 (talk) 22:45, 5 February 2009 (UTC)
teraz hinton —Preceding unsigned comment added by 22.214.171.124 (talk) 14:29, 17 March 2009 (UTC)
Control devices[edit]
See http://noticias.notiemail.com/noticia.asp?nt=11956842&cty=200 for another control device —Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.8.131.52 (talk) 07:00, 19 August 2009 (UTC)
Carbon Dioxide[edit]
There seems to be a basic misunderstanding of NPOV here. If a claim is controversial, Wikipedia's role is not to pick a side but to fairly represent the views of both perspectives. In this case, it seems that the most common view is that carbon dioxide is a pollutant, but that a significant minority, including the Bush administration, believe that carbon dioxide is not a pollutant. As a NPOV encyclopedia, we need to reflect both sides in a balanced manner, reflecting the balance of views found in our reliable sources. A good place to start would be adding some citations. Binarybits (talk) 00:51, 26 November 2009 (UTC)
- According to the definition it is not a POV issue. The discussion is mainly political and the real issue is on the relevance of existing air pollution legislation in the US and elsewhere. The rest is noise well covered elsewhere. Here a paragraph under Legal regulation#United States would be relevant. Gabriel Kielland (talk) 14:36, 26 November 2009 (UTC)
Add Category:Emissions reduction since Air_pollution#Reduction_efforts ?[edit]
Add Category:Emissions reduction since Air_pollution#Reduction_efforts ? 220.127.116.11 (talk) 18:10, 25 May 2010 (UTC)
- Done. Thanks for the suggestion. Peter 19:11, 25 May 2010 (UTC)
Why is the Union Carbide Bhopal disaster included under air pollution? While the toxic gas did disperse through the air, I think that most people wouldn't consider that pollution, or at least, any pollution was secondary to the accident. If we're to include Bhopal, then why not include the use of poison gas in World War I? To me, pollution is more of a chronic issue, while the Bhopal disaster was an acute incident. Pburka (talk) 04:08, 28 September 2010 (UTC)
- I agree, it should go since it wasn't pollution in the typical sense. Smartse (talk) 13:54, 28 September 2010 (UTC)
Vegetation source of biogenic primary VOCs[edit]
Lest our colleagues at Conservapedia have the only word on vegetation as a source of biogenic primary VOCs ("trees cause pollution"), I've added vegetation to the list of air pollution sources in this article. Will more references be needed for this potentially controversial claim? Matt Fitzpatrick (talk) 23:47, 5 December 2010 (UTC)
CO2 is natural and we need it for daisies and lollipops :)[edit]
I've attempted an NPOV improvement for the description of CO2. CO2 has many chemical and physical properties, but most are beyond the scope of this article. I've cut down its description to those properties relevant to air pollution. I mentioned it's colorless, odorless, and (loosely speaking) non-toxic, because many air pollutants are classified as such on the basis of color, odor, or toxicity -- CO2 is not. I mentioned it's a greenhouse gas because it is considered a pollutant on that basis. I mentioned a few sources of CO2, both anthropogenic and biogenic. I left out the biological and industrial uses for CO2 -- this isn't the article for that. Matt Fitzpatrick (talk) 05:56, 12 December 2010 (UTC)
I moved the part. It is not really a pollutant compared with other compounds! --Fmrauch (talk) 22:32, 6 February 2013 (UTC)
Edit request from , 9 October 2011[edit]
On the 27th of september the following external link was removed. It is quite a pity as it provided a considerable amount of useful information, especially to people sensitive to air pollutants (people with allergies, young children or elderly persons) who have to travel- to the Wikipedia page and was not replaced by any better link. It is noteworthy that in some cases real time or next to real time data about local air pollution can be very difficult to find. Despite being a blog link, the linked list refers only to official governemental or local authorities sites monitoring air pollution. IAMAT which has advised travellers on health risks for 50 years is linking to that blog page. Therefore please reallow the following external link with the following title. Thank you. -
- Air pollution monitoring data and maps links.
- De perlinghi (talk) 12:47, 9 October 2011 (UTC)
- The link might refer to reliable sources, but is not in itself a reliable source. Furthermore, it fails to meet the requirements of the external links policy, in particular "Links normally to be avoided - Any site that does not provide a unique resource beyond what the article would contain if it became a featured article." WP:ELNO. Chzz ► 23:59, 13 October 2011 (UTC)
Not done
Indeed you are referring to "links NORMALLY to be avoided" which means that there are exceptions; when this link was added, Wikipedia replied that a blog link would not be normally considered EXCEPT if it linked to official governemental or public authorities websites. I presume that this is the reason why the link stayed on Wikipedia for months. I unfortunately cannot retrieve the precise wording of this Wikipedia warning. I wish I had kept a copy of it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by De perlinghi (talk • contribs) 13:02, 14 October 2011 (UTC)
Odd location for table[edit]
The table "Most Polluted World Cities by PM" seems out of place in the section on CO
2. Perhaps it belongs better in the section "Cities"? Any objection if I move it? (Checking the history, it appears that it used to sit in an overall section called Statistics, which also had some stats on CO
2. When those stats were developed into a section, the PM chart just came along for the ride.)--SPhilbrickT 17:20, 27 October 2011 (UTC)
- I see what you mean about the table being out of place. "Cities" sounds like a good section for the table. -- JTSchreiber (talk) 05:07, 3 November 2011 (UTC)
|Most Polluted World Cities by PM[1]
μg/m³ (2004)
|Cairo, Egypt
|Delhi, India
|Kolkata, India (Calcutta)
|Tianjin, China
|Chongqing, China
|Kanpur, India
|Lucknow, India
|Jakarta, Indonesia
|Shenyang, China
I moved it - seems now a bit better. --Fmrauch (talk) 22:36, 6 February 2013 (UTC)
Reduction efforts[edit]
Perhaps mention IC engine conversion kits ? By simply swapping the fuel, it may be possible to reduce the contaminants of the exhaust gas of the engine. KVDP (talk) 15:48, 11 September 2013 (UTC)
Hydrofluoric Acid[edit]
Hydrofluoric Acid is an air pollutant that is more hazardous than sulphur dioxide by far. It is a component of acid rain and smog, more corrosive than sulphuric acid. also one of the most corrosive, damaging and hazardous pollutant chemicals present in significant quantities in pollution from Car exhaust to industrial sources.
It is a more relevant item in car exhaust because of the trend towards using only one of the two methods for cracking oil, an economically critical stage of oil refining. Between using sulphuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, HF is more efficient and therefore in todays world which is so economically dependant on petrol we are economically compelled to use the Hydrofluoric acid catalyst. During the cracking substitution of fluorine into the hydrocarbons occurs and then when this is combusted it produces Hydrogen-Fluoride gas.
The time has come. Wikipedia will catalyse mass consciousness.
Hydrogen Fluoride is the most deadly component of Air pollution. It was the deadly gas responsible for the famous Donora, Pennsylvania incident. Much of the emphasis on sulphuric acid and sulphur dioxide is a distraction from Hydrogen Fluoride and Hydrofluoric Acid. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 126.96.36.199 (talk) 16:19, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
Under control devices and scrubbers, the Items starting with Sulphuric Acid should include Hydrofluoric Acid as well as Acid Gases, because the Acid Gases does not include or mention HF gas and a sour gas relates to sulphur compounds. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 126.96.36.199 (talk) 16:25, 10 July 2012 (UTC)
- As I said over at acid rain can you provide evidence for these assertions? The importance of sulphuric acid from SO2 and nitric acid from NO2 is well established in the scientific literature. While Hydrogen Fluoride is a very nasty chemical indeed, the overall importance also depends on the amount being released. Even now, SO2 and NO2 are still significant contributors to acid rain, while I have never come across any reference to HF as a widespread pollutant. Also I have to your comment Wikipedia will catalyse mass consciousness is in contradiction with some of the principals of Wikipedia. See Wikipedia:NOT#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion. Also on providing evidence please see:Wikipedia:Verifiability.--NHSavage (talk) 10:52, 14 July 2012 (UTC)
Advanced Air Technologies, Inc. who provides Orion Acid Gas Scrubber Systems and discusses the typical conditions for which these scrubbers perform well and for which they have been designed; http://www.aat.cc/store.asp?pid=26841 "AAT acid gas air scrubbers are most effective when using caustic water as a reagent, but some of the more soluble gases, such as HCl or HF, are effectively scrubbed using only water."
This reference relates to the suggestion for clarification that "Under control devices and scrubbers, the Items starting with Sulphuric Acid should include Hydrofluoric Acid" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 18.104.22.168 (talk) 12:02, 21 July 2012 (UTC)
Gary W. Evans
The Built Environment and Mental Health
Journal of Urban Health:
Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
Vol. 80, No. 4,
December 2003
(c) 2003 The New York Academy of Medicine
- "It is worth brief mention that outdoor ambient pollutants have been associated with mental health outcomes.57,58"
52. Evans GW. The psychological costs of chronic exposure to ambient air pollution. In: Isaacson RL, Jensen KF, eds. The Vulnerable Brain and Environmental Risks. New York, NY: Plenum; 1994:167–182.
53. Rotton J, Cohn EG. Climate, weather, and crime. In: Bechtel RB, Churchman A, eds. Handbook of Environmental Psychology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Wiley; 2002:481–498.
--Ocdnctx (talk) 19:57, 30 September 2012 (UTC)
Outdated images[edit]
The image File:Global air pollution map.png is badly outdated and incomplete. It's a 2004 image based on 2002-2004 data, so it's nearly a decade old now. Worse yet, I was easily able to find more recent satellite imagery from the same satellite (Envisat using the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY) instrument) that was more up to date. You can find a 2007 image using 2006 data that shows a fairly different picture in some parts of the map here, and that's from only about three years after the 2004 image we're currently using. The 2007 image was made six years ago, so based on the changes from the 2004 to the 2007 image, the 2007 image is likely outdated now as well. Worse yet, the image we're using now is missing any sort of key explaining what the different colors mean (which is understandable considering how badly labeled the key was on the original image, I guess). Using the 2007 image with the much more understandable key would be an improvement, but hopefully someone can find better and more recent data than that. The File:Deaths from air pollution.png image is equally outdated thus it needs an update as well. I might be able to find more recent data/images myself, but I wouldn't be able to convert it to a creative commons image, so I'm hoping someone else will take up this task. Thanks. -- HiEv 14:55, 12 October 2013 (UTC)
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 220.127.116.11 (talk) 13:52, 13 December 2013 (UTC)
Life expectancy improved significantly in sites where air pollutants were controlled. PMID 21666054[edit]
- "[L]ife expectancy improved significantly in sites where air pollutants were controlled."
Review article:
Franchini M, Mannucci PM.
Thrombogenicity and cardiovascular effects of ambient air pollution.
Free full text http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/118/9/2405.long
Blood. 2011 Sep 1;118(9):2405-12. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-04-343111. Epub 2011 Jun 10.
- "[A] strong epidemiologic association is observed between acute and chronic exposures to particulate matter and the occurrence of cardiovascular events, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and venous thromboembolism, especially among older people and people with diabetes and previous cardiovascular conditions. ... Current knowledge on the biologic mechanisms and the clinical effect of short- and long-term exposure to particulate air pollutants is discussed, emphasizing that life expectancy improved significantly in sites where air pollutants were controlled.
Comment in
Linking air pollution exposure with thrombosis. [Blood. 2011]
The "City of London" is not London[edit]
The "City of London" is the name of one (small) borough marking the extents of the medieval city. The article is actually referring to London as a whole so could say "London" or "greater London" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_London — Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.8.131.52 (talk) 17:57, 1 February 2014 (UTC)
Coal power plant air pollution etc.[edit]
Modern coal power plants should have like most done already a flue-gas desulfurization and normally not made already a not too expensive centrifugal smoke filtering system inside chimney channel(maybe because new from Kay Uwe Böhm). A high speed centrifuge standing upwards inside the smoke streaming with blades formed for moving the solids and from high pressure condensing water to centrifuge side and down out with the smoke gas still going upwards. With additionally separation the valuable metals like Hg, Cd, Ni, Pb, As, Cr, U, Th etc. inside smoke could be taken also out for using and selling. Adding of cheap methanol inside spray tower flue-gas desulfurization instead or with chalk can produce much Dimethyl sulfate as a sulfate aerosol for cooling down the atmosphere with much more cooling effect (can cause an ice time with available masses of sulfur compounds and methanol) than the strongest greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride warming effect working more local but also global and regulatable watching the weather situation if much is streaming high up through the chimney. Existing coal power plants are releasing already significant amounts of cooling sulfate aerosols coming timely later in existence after chemical change in air. Also much air pollution decreasing is using high efficient turbines like new Kayturbines and supercharging with cBN cubic boron nitride tubes filled with molten liquid lithium (melting >180°C, boiling 1340°C, 3/4 specific heat capacity of water/kg)as excellent cheap coolant heated up also with cBN tubes at hotest point of flame. The carbon dioxide air pollution rise is limited at all by exploration maximums and that way not dangerous in future coming for coal from china with >50% world coal production but less than 30 years reserve and peak coal about 2020-2025, peak oil about 2012-2015, peak gas <2025, with fossil energy maximum about 2020-2025 reached and not near unlimited until 2100 like inside unrealistic IPCC SRES scenarios[2].
|Power plant
|CO2 (Tons)
|NOx/NO2 (Tons)
|SOx/SO2 (Tons)
|Fine Dust (Tons)
|Hg (kg)
|Cd (kg)
|Ni (kg)
|Pb (kg)
|As (kg)
|Cr (kg)
|Schwarze Pumpe
|Sum without "<"
|DE All together 2010[4]
|Share of all together
|18 %
|7,3 %
|17 %
|1,1 %
|38 %
|5,5 %
|2,4 %
|0,7 %
|6,2 %
|1,3 %
|* with Fuel surrogate and Waste-to-energy ** with biosolids-Waste-to-energy
|Power plant
|CO2 (Tons)
|NOx/NO2 (Tons)
|SOx/SO2 (Tons)
|Fine dust (Tons)
|Hg (kg)
|Cd (kg)
|Ni (kg)
|Pb (kg)
|As (kg)
|Cr (kg)
|Sum without "<"
|DE All together 2010[4]
|Share of all together
|6,3 %
|2,7 %
|4,8 %
|0,3 %
|6,1 %
|1,8 %
|0,2 %
|6,3 %
|0,3 %
|* with earth gas share, ** with oil- and earth gas share
- ^ "World Bank Statistics" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/sres/emission/data/allscen.xls
- ^ a b PRTR - Europäisches Emissionsregister
- ^ a b Emissionsentwicklung 1990 - 2011, klassische Luftschadstoffe, Schwermetalle Nationale Trendtabellen für die deutsche Berichterstattung atmosphärischer Emissionen seit 1990, Umweltbundesamt (Excel-Tabelle), 2013
- Wikipedia level-4 vital articles in Society
- Wikipedia B-Class vital articles in Society
- Wikipedia B-Class level-4 vital articles
- B-Class Environment articles
- Top-importance Environment articles
- B-Class Engineering articles
- High-importance Engineering articles
- WikiProject Chemical and Bio Engineering articles


text:
I'm a big fan of NaNoWriMo, (National Novel Writing Month). Every year, millions of writers spend the month of November penning an average of 1500 words a day to complete an entire book by December. The idea is not to have a finished manuscript, but a finished first draft that can then be molded into the novel you want.
Last year, I wrote a ghost story called Connection. I finished it a few days early in fact. Since then, I've divided my time editing it into coherency and promoting a debut novel I wrote with my wife, fashion consultant, bowling partner, long-time editor, and fellow love adventurer, Jennifer.


text:
- COMIC: Bizarre Creed
- REVIEW: Assassin's Creed Unity
- Mornin '14
- And The Game Awards Nominees Are...
- And the Winner of Far Cry Friday is...
- Valve Cracking Down on Requirements for Steam Early Access
- Free Sunset Overdrive Trial on Saturday Only
- REVIEW: Assassin's Creed Rogue
- Conflicks: Revolutionary Space Battles Looks Insane, In a Good Way
- Mornin '14
- Conflicks: Revolutionary Space Battles
- Game of Thrones A Telltale Game Series
Teaser Trailer
- The Crew
101 Trailer
- No Man's Sky
Night Under No Man's Sky Trailer
- Destiny
EV-30 Tumbler Sparrow Trailer
- Crossing Souls
Debut Trailer
- Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris
Puzzles 101 Trailer
- Far Cry 3
Patch 1.05
- Assassin's Creed 3
Patch v1.02 to v1.03
- Far Cry 3
Patch 1.04
- Far Cry 3
Patch 1.02
- Ghost Recon: Future Soldier
Patch 1.4 to 1.5
- Max Payne 3
Patch v18.104.22.168
- Max Payne 3
Patch v126.96.36.199
Farming Simulator 2013 Cheats
publisher: Giants Software
developer: Focus Home Interactive
genre: Strategy
|ESRB rating: E
release date: Oct 25, 12
|» All About Farming Simulator 2013 on ActionTrip
Steam Achievements
Enough for 12.5 Horses: You have found 50 horseshoes.
Financial Folly: You managed to reach a negative balance on your very first day.
Fruits of Your Labor: You have harvested more than 10 hectares.
Harvest King: You have harvested more than 100 hectares.
Longplayer: Your playing time in a single savegame has reached over 10 hours.
Lucky Hand: You have found 25 horseshoes.
Mass Production: The total area sown by you exceeds 100 hectares.
Mission Master: You have completed 50 missions.
Mobile Farmer: You have covered more than 100 kilometers with vehicles.
Nouveau-Riche: Your account has reached more than 1 million $.
Out of Debt: You paid back the entire bank loan.
Pots of Gold: Your wealth has surpassed 10 million $.
Sower: You have sown more than 10 hectares.
The Collector: You have found all 100 horseshoes.
Very Frequent Driver: Your total driving distance has increased to over 1000 kilometers.
Well-Heeled: There are more than 5 million $ on your account.
38 or 127
|Click here for more Farming Simulator 2013 cheats
|Click here to find more Farming Simulator 2013 cheats
|Click here for more cheat codes


text:
Top storage facilities in Emmett, ID out of 1 facilities.
- Free Use of Truck
- 24 Hour Access
- Video Cameras Onsite
- Electronic Gate Access
1 (844) 611-1271 Need help? Se habla español
The average price per square foot of self-storage space in Emmett is $0.65 per month. On average, 10x10 storage units in Emmett cost $89 per month.
Those who rented self-storage in Emmett were more likely to book a 10x10 storage unit than any other size.


text:
WATCH: Livestream of the Roundtable.
A Time to say Thanks
During this season of thanks we at D.C. United have plenty to be grateful for. In our club's 19th season, we set a team record for most points in a season and earned the top seed in the Eastern Conference in the 2014 MLS Cup Playoffs. While we lost in the Eastern Conference Semifinals, RFK was rocking for our home playoff game - our supporters' tifo was absolutely incredible - and it reminded all of Major League Soccer how amazing the atmosphere is at our games.
D.C. United joins Heineken Roster
Heineken today continued to mark their investment in the future of American soccer by announcing partnership agreements with seven Major League Soccer (MLS) clubs. Starting January 1, 2015, the premium beer brand will bring the Heineken experience to a variety of teams in cities across the country, including the Chicago Fire, Columbus Crew, D.C. United, Houston Dynamo, New York Red Bulls, New York City FC and Orlando City SC.
District Doughnut Taste Off
Check out District Doughnuts on Barracks Row at 749 8th St SE, Washington, D.C. 20003, and join Conor Doyle and District Doughnut on Wednesday, November 19 at 11:00 a.m. at Georgetown University for FREE doughnuts.
VOTE: D.C. United Goal of the Year
Now is your chance to be heard. Vote for D.C. United's Goal of the Year. Watch the videos below and vote now!
Our Favorite Pictures from D.C. United's 2014 Season
It's been a banner year for the Black-and-Red, let's relive some of the best moments.
D.C. United, Shoppers team up to deliver Thanksgiving meals to families in Ward 6 & 7
D.C. United has teamed with local supermarket operator Shoppers Food & Pharmacy, as well as leading youth services provider Sasha Bruce Youthwork to provide 100 families with a complete Thanksgiving food basket this holiday season. On Thursday, Nov. 20, from 4-6 p.m. at Randall Recreation Center in Southwest Washington, the baskets – which are being donated by Shoppers - will be distributed to deserving families in Ward 6 and 7. Each family was selected by Sasha Bruce Youthwork through their community outreach program which helps support low-income families in the area.
Chairman Phil Mendelson Committee of the Whole Announces a Public Roundtable
Council Chairman Phil Mendelson announces the scheduling of a public roundtable of the Committee of Whole on "Bill 20-805, District of Columbia Soccer Stadium Development Act of 2014." The roundtable will be held Thursday, November 13, 2014 at 6:00 p.m. in the Council Chamber of the John A. Wilson Building, 1350 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW.
A banner year for D.C. United
As the 2014 team began to take shape, it was evident there was something special about this group. The goal was making the postseason, and D.C. United worked tirelessly to make that a reality. Though the playoff run was cut short, it's Black-and-Red nature to always strive for the next goal, to always stay hungry. Before we look ahead to next season's goals, let's take a look back at a 2014 team that brought pride to this badge.
Bill Hamid called up to U.S. Men's National Team
D.C. United has announced that Homegrown goalkeeper Bill Hamid has been selected to the U.S. Men's National Team roster for the international friendlies against Colombia on November 14 in London, England, and against and Ireland on November 18 in Dublin, Ireland.


text:
Returning to Rome, pope discusses plans for future trips
At the end of his first foreign trip, Pope Francis told reporters it's good for a pope to travel, and there are plans in the works for visits in Italy, to Jerusalem, to Asia, but nothing planned soon for his Argentine homeland.
"I think papal trips are always good," he said July 28 during the flight back to Rome after a week in Brazil.
The July 22-29 papal trip was good for Brazil "not just because of the pope's presence, but because for World Youth Day they mobilized and did so well that it will help the whole church," he said.


text:
Crawley manager Steve Evans believes Tyrone Barnett is the best striker outside of the Premier League.
Loading Market ...
Football Betting
Bet £5 Get £20 Free
Former Macclesfield frontman Barnett took his tally for the season to eight goals to put Town on their way to a 2-0 FA Cup win over League One Bury on Saturday.
"Some of our players produced big performances, and if there's a better striker outside the Premier League than Tyrone Barnett, then I haven't seen him," said Evans.
"Two or three of their players said after the game that he was unplayable."


text:
Rated 5 out of 5 by 1 reviewer.
Rated 5 out of 5 by rallwest Outstanding Staff!!! I have stayed in this hotel three times now because I have always been so impressed with the service and professionalism I experienced there. Impeccable! I would recommend however that if you want to utilize the shuttle service to pick you up from the airport that you prearrange it at least 24 hours before you arrive, and get clarification on how to meet the driver, or you could find yourself stranded amongst a bunch of taxis. February 14, 2014
1-1 of 1


text:
December 23, 2013 - Industry News
Digiboo, a digital retail entertainment download service, announced it is partnering with Pilot Flying J to bring its entertainment service to the southeast region of the United States. Digiboo has installed nine interactive touchscreen kiosks in Pilot Flying J locations along the I-75 from Corbin, Ky. to Cordele, Ga.
Tags: Pilot Flying J, Digiboo
We offer e-newsletters that deliver targeted news and information for the entire fleet industry.
The expert, Mark Betner from Citgo will answer your questions Ask a question
Video:60 Minutes Report on Crumbling Infrastructure
Detroit Assurance: Collision Mitigation, Assisted Braking, Better MPG
Unsung Documentary Series: Baker Trucking
Ultimate Test Drive Video: SuperTruck A Walk Around
Kenworth Introduces World's Best Trucks 2015 Calendar
East Manufacturing Releases Scale Model Tractor-Dump Trailer
Minimizer Offers Decorated Bracket Kits
Kenworth Cabover Options Expand Applications


text:
Excerpted from House of Prayer No. 2 by Mark Richard. Copyright © 2011 by Mark Richard. Excerpted by permission of Anchor, a division of Random House LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Mark Richard is the author of two award-winning short story collections, The Ice at the Bottom of the World and Charity, and the novel Fishboy. His short stories and journalism have appeared in the New York Times, The New Yorker, Harper's, Esquire, Vogue, and GQ. He is the recipient of the PEN/Hemingway Award, a National Endowment for the Arts fellowship, and a Whiting Foundation Writer's Award. He lives in Los Angeles with his wife and their three sons.
"Vivid. . . . Affecting. . . . A liberating demonstration of the power of faith."
—The Wall Street Journal
"An absorbing account of growing up in the 1960s South, living with a disability, becoming a writer and finding faith. Richard's book attests to the power of words (and the Word) in shaping a life. . . . Richard is a fiercely gifted writer. . . . [His] special childhood results in considerable powers of observation, empathy and imagination."
—The New York Times Book Review
"So varied, dramatic, and, at times, incredible that it is bound to leave almost every reader with the feeling that they haven't lived at all."
—The New Yorker
"Entrancing. . . . A surprising page turner. . . . Richard's prose is gorgeous—and hits with a force that sometimes stuns. . . . Where other memoirists—evangelical and/or literary—just bluff and brag, he makes art."
—The Christian Science Monitor
"Amazing. . . . You'll know just after two pages of Richard's effortlessly killer prose that he's special all right. . . . Grade: A."
—Entertainment Weekly
"Mark Richard's memoir, House of Prayer No.2, is the finest book he's ever written. No one writes like him. His prose style is both hammerblow and shrapnel. He has written the book of his life."
—Pat Conroy
"A lyrical distillation of observations from Richard's boyhood in and out of southern charity hospitals to his becoming a writer and father in search of faith."
—Vanity Fair
"Hauntingly beautiful. . . . A quintessentially American story."
—Minneapolis Star Tribune
"A surreal and poetic memoir about faith, self-discovery and forming an artistic inner life."
—The Free Lance-Star (Fredericksburg, VA)
"A humorous and heartfelt memoir, never tedious and often lyrical."
—Richmond Times-Dispatch
"This book is the extraordinary story of a special child who grew up to be a writer, and who may yet—I'm guessing—become a preacher or a priest. There are similar life stories in the South and elsewhere. But few will be written with Richard's powerful talent, his genius."
—Clyde Edgerton, Garden & Gun
"Gritty and engrossing. . . . His is an account, at times exquisite, of a youth laced with pain, surgeries, body casts, beatings, fear, drinking, isolation, rebellion. With flashes of brilliance. With mysticism and the supernatural and strokes of what many would call luck. . . . An interesting, well-crafted narrative girded with compassion and feeling, this is a good read."
—The Virginian-Pilot
"Lovely. . . . Richard captures what is often misunderstood about the Southerner's intimate parlay with God. Appearances to the contrary, it is not about certainty. . . . A fascinating journey."
—The Oregonian
"Hot damn! And Glory be! Both. This is a wonderful book."
—Roy Blount, Jr.
"Supremely animated. . . . [Richard's] spiritual journey, conducted in fits and starts and finally claimed in gorgeous hosannas of prose, forms the book's narrative DNA."
"Richard's story is inspirational not because of conventional redemption or simple answers to his struggle, but because he is so honest about both his doubt and his openness to a wide variety of God's manifestations."
—Darcey Steinke, Los Angeles Review of Books
"Affecting. . . . Fans who have been waiting to hear from him ever since [Charity] won't be disappointed with his new memoir, which sees the welcome return of Richard's charismatic prose style."
—The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
"The precision of the descriptions is marvelous in this memoir of growing up with infirmity. The depth of Richard's heart is profound, exhilarating, frightening, instructive. House of Prayer
No. 2 is a work of high art."
—Rick Bass
"Mark Richard says important things about finding one's way, about love in action, about being a father, and he does so with the precision and grace of an artisan from another time. This is some of the finest writing you will ever read."
—Amy Hempel
"If Mark Richard could not write, you could not read this. Since he can, you can't not read it. It is unreal, and Mr. Richard has the wit to make it real."
—Padgett Powell


text:
Please verify your shipping destination
* All prices will be in the currency of the country selected and user can also choose a Preferred Currency
* If you're currently logged into shoprunner you will be automatically logged out.
Boasting a classic silhouette, updated with feminine aesthetic touches, this Kenneth Cole New York watch is a perfect addition to your collection. A crystallized silver-tone round bezel highlights a pale blush dial, set with silver-tone Roman numeral markers and a petite date display window. Featuring three-hand movements, the looks is completed with a stainless steel chain link bracelet.


text:
Tel: (718)256-7400
Sinai Academy arrived on the educational scene in 1987.
Our dream was to create a high-class educational institution.
Sinai set an ambitious goal to become a prestigious school dedicated to academic excellence while inspiring its students and their families with love of our people and pride in our Heritage.
Sinai Academy is dedicated to providing the highest quality education for every student.
Each individual is treated with respect and encouraged to excel in his chosen field.
We provide a comprehensive curriculum including academic and liberal arts subjects, business, law, medicine, computers, graphic and web design, music and physical education.
Sinai's devoted and caring teachers help each student to develop his potential and talents.
Students are inspired to achieve academic excellence and motivated to reach their goals in an exciting Jewish atmosphere.
School Overview
|School Membership(s)School Assoc.
|National Society of Hebrew Day Schools (NSHDS)
|Religious Affiliation
|Grades Offered
|Grades 9 - 12
Student Body
|Total Students
|35 students
|Student Body Type
|Students by Grade
Academics and Faculty
|Total Classroom Teachers
|9 teachers
|Student : Teacher Ratio
National avg.: 13:1
Nearby Schools:
All Schools | High Schools | Elementary Schools | Preschools | Public Schools
Show me:
- School Location Miles Students Grades
BrooklynBet Yaakov Of Ateret Torah
7914 Bay Parkway
Brooklyn, NY, 11214
(718)256-66030.3 mi | 241 students | Gr. K-3
All-girls (Jewish)
BrooklynYeshivah Ohel Moshe
7914 Bay Pkwy
Brooklyn, NY, 11214
(718)258-0241(Jewish)0.3 mi | 110 students | Gr. K-9
BrooklynGold Material Montessori School - Brooklyn Branch
105 Kings Hwy
Brooklyn, NY, 11214
(718)253-2552Montessori School0.3 mi | 5 students | Gr. K
BrooklynSt. Mary Mother Of Jesus/st Frances Cabrini Academy
8401 23rd Avenue
Brooklyn, NY, 11214
(718)372-0025(Roman Catholic)0.5 mi | 247 students | Gr. PK-8
BrooklynElite High School
2115 Benson Ave
Brooklyn, NY, 11214
(718)373-0960(Jewish)0.5 mi | 24 students | Gr. 9-12
School Reviews
Area Statistics
Recent Articles
Updated October 26, 2014
What do you do when you are dissatisfied with your local public schools? Homeschool your children? Send them to private school? Let's look at your options.
Your religion matters to you. You want your child to attend a school which will combine academics and religious education. Here is an overview of what is available together with some links to denominational web sites.
Add things up and you'll quickly find the answer- math is crucial both in academics and the real world. By following these strategies and following personal training programs, students can uncover their weaknesses and conquer math.
More ArticlesRunning a Private School, Opinion, Pre-elementary, Elementary Issues, Jobs in Private Schools