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Once again Choice comes through on a comfortable, clean and relaxing stay. juan was very helpful and gave me a deal on our room. Hotel was clean and I had aa very relaxed stay and good nights sleep. breakfast was good but I think the dining area was a little small for the amount of guest that may stay there.... More
- Reservation Options:
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- Also Known As:
- Comfort Suites Downtown South Hotel Austin
- Comfort Suites Austin
- Austin Comfort Suites


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Pre-Shave Oil
Item# 00670535100010
Special Offer: free ground shipping on us.
Product Description: Pre-Shave Oil is the first step in The Art of Shaving. It softens the beard and prepares the skin for a close and comfortable shave without leaving an oily residue. It is formulated with a unique blend of botanical ingredients and essential oils.
Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil, Citrus Limon (Lemon) Peel Oil, Water/Aqua, Citral, Limonene
Rated 4.1 out of 5 by 28 reviewers.
Rated 4 out of 5 by Leekahl69 Pre-Shave oil was a bit sticky I received the Lemon Preshave Oil as part of a kit from The Art of Shaving-Lemon. In using the pre-shave oil, i found it to be a bit sticky in feeling. It took more than I thought it would to cover my stubble and face. It did, however, do a wonderful job of softening my beard and protecting my skin, pre-shave. My razor glided easily across my skin and I had no razor burn or irritation afterwards that I have always had with using other products. The lemon scent was spot on. Neither too strong or too soft. It was very pleasant in odor and really helped in getting the day started right. All in all, i would definitely recommend The Art of Shaving's Lemon Pre-shave oil to anyone looking for a new pre-shave treatment. November 24, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by JHendu So fresh and so clean Before recieving this as part of my kit from The Art of Shaving, I had never tried a pre shave oil before. But now I wish I had. This product is pretty cool. It feels great on the skin and smells so refreshing and clean. It really helps to start the day. As for it's utility...I can tell how mush more smoothly the razor glides across my face after using this. I often feel like there is so little resistance that there can't possibly be any hairs being cut...but they are. My face feels great, is smooth and smells good as a result. I am now a huge fan of a pre-shave oil step in my daily shaving routine. November 24, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by sfollenius Moisturizes and pleasant scent! This is a nice subtle lemon scent. Seemed to soften my hairs to prepare for the shave. There were no instructions, but a little bit really seams to go a long way. November 24, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by younghunter The Lemon Pre-Shave oil moisturizes I like how this oil moisturizes my skin and preps it for shaving. The scent is also great. My wife really likes it too. We agree that we may buy some of these for Christmas gifts. Most men would really like a product like this. It makes your skin very soft and this time of year you need something that won't dry out your skin. November 24, 2014

subset: commoncrawl


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
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Prep Time:
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All I can say is WOW!!! This is such a good pasta sauce, and very inexpensive. YUMMY!!!!! Cook time includes cooking pasta.
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Every recipe, menu, tip and how-to is right here, at your service.


text: FREE Family dessert with Family Meal purchase. FREE Family dessert with Family Meal purchase. Expires 8/27 Online code:31847 Flag this deal What's the matter? Choose a reason Dead deal Duplicate Bad link Spam Inaccurate No value Alive again Edit deal tanush6 Aug 15, 2012 so sad we dont have a boston market near our town 1 like Reply gangstabarbie Aug 15, 2012 yay! boston market for dinner tonight. not cooking! 1 like Reply solowkoe Aug 15, 2012 they have such great food. this is a nice savings, thanks for posting. 1 like Reply tpark6283 Aug 15, 2012 Printed great and going to use this weekend! Thanks for posting! Reply poe601 Aug 15, 2012 Printed great, nice deal with coupon, thanks! 1 like Reply branie Aug 15, 2012 Chicken, mashed and gravy sounds good. Oh and the corn bread is delicious. Free dessert too! So when are we going?? 1 like Reply boricua1 Aug 15, 2012 I use to love this place..to bad they closed it if not I'll be there with this coupon 1 like Reply EzzyLovesToSave Aug 14, 2012 YUMMY!...Diet?...WHAT diet?:) 1 like Reply


text: POPSUGAR Fashion Poll Stella McCartney Fall 2011 Ad Featuring Natalia Vodianova 2011-07-27 11:07:24 Natalia Vodianova Shows Her Spots For Stella McCartney's Fall Campaign by Chi Chau 7/27/11 0 Reactions 0 Shares Print 0 0 0 0 0 Stella McCartney, who just launched her newly revamped website today, is next up to reveal her Fall ad featuring one of favorite models, Natalia Vodianova. Staying true to McCartney's English roots, the shoot, by Mert Alas and Marcus Piggott, took place in a private Oxfordshire home inside a serene topiary garden with Vodianova wearing an eye-catching black, sheer, polka-dot dress. Notice how the modern juxtaposition between the black and white photo and green garden adds major contrast. Of course, Natalia looks flawless as usual, with smoky eyes and perfectly tousled hair. We love it — are you just as enamored? 0 0 0 0 0 Read More Fall 2011 Ad CampaignsNatalia VodianovaFab AdStella McCartney Stella McCartney The HuffPost Style Editors Share What We're Thankful For In 2014 11 hours ago Miranda Kerr's Easy-to-Master Party Look Is Golden 6 days ago All It Takes Are These 3 Looks to Prove Stella McCartney Is Timeless 1 week ago The Gowns at the 2014 Baby2Baby Gala Were Simply Breathtaking 2 weeks ago 28 Bags That Go With Absolutely Everything 3 weeks ago Stella McCartney Unveils an Entirely Green Collection For the Red Carpet 9/15 Celebrities Take London by Storm at Fashion Week's Hottest Events 9/14 Natalia Vodianova Tales Of Supermodel Natalia Vodianova's Childhood Left Her Therapist Speechless 2 weeks ago Prepare to Swoon For Natalia Vodianova's Love Ball 7/29/13 Natalia Vodianova's Having a Ball . . . and You're Invited! 7/23/13 Is Natalia Vodianova the Next Audrey Hepburn? 6/26/13 Gwyneth Paltrow and Cameron Diaz Link Up to Toast a New London Hot Spot 11/08/12 Hollywood's Latest Shoe Obsession: Givenchy's Ankle-Strap Sandals 7/03/12 A Look at the World's Highest-Paid Supermodels of 2012 6/18/12 Get chic with our daily newsletter Enjoy street style trends, runway looks, and the best in celeb beauty in your inbox. Street Style Beauty Tips Celebrity Style Fashion & Beauty News Sign up with What's Your Reaction? Thanks for your reaction Don't forget to share this with your friends! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Reactions Link Love The designers shared what they're coveting this holiday season — Who What Wear There's an art to waiting in line on Black Friday — HuffPost Style One day, Victoria Beckham walked into Claire's . . . — InStyle John Galliano will present a very important award to Anna Wintour — The Cut We're dreaming about these Comme des Garcons sneakers — Style.com Eva Chen actually fainted when she saw Karl Lagerfeld — Lucky Burberry's Pre-Fall collection is chock-full of coats — Fashionista Lululemon's limited-edition collection is sparkling — literally — Racked Forget tights. Forget knee-highs. It's all about ankle socks — The Fashion Spot


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Dr. Alis D. Vidinas, MD
Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Medical Group
- 19401 Hubbard Dr
Dearborn, MI 48126
- 1 Office Location
- (313) 982-8100
Dr. Alis D. Vidinas has been practicing medicine for 19 years. Dr. Vidinas graduated from the Univ De Med Si Farm, Timisoara, Romania in 1995. She practices medicine in Dearborn, MI and specializes in Internal Medicine. Dr. Vidinas is affiliated with Henry Ford Wyandotte Hospital, Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital and Henry Ford Hospital. She speaks English and Spanish.
Gender: Female
Years in Practice: 19 Years
Languages Spoken: English, Spanish
Medical School: Univ De Med Si Farm, Timisoara, Romania
Graduation Date: 1995
Hospital Affiliations: Henry Ford Wyandotte Hospital, Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital, Henry Ford Hospital
Specialties: Internal Medicine


text:
Peladeau throws his hat in Parti Quebecois leadership race
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'Pacific Rim' star Idris Elba admits he has become more "paranoid" about...
Canadian media superstar, first jobless, now charged with serious offences
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Gabrielle's Ride is getting a boost from Ford of Canada in its mission to change the lives of children affected by congenital heart disease and stroke.
The annual charity bike ride through Oakville raises funds for congenital heart disease and pediatric stroke research and treatment at Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) — to date, Gabrielle's Ride has raised more than $130,000 towards its cause.
"Of course we were thrilled and honoured that they (Ford of Canada) would even consider working with us. It's a great fit because we're both so supportive of the Oakville community," said Nikki Ide, founder of the Gabrielle's Ride charity.
The late Gabrielle Ide Cinanni died of congenital heart disease on Nov. 9, 2010 — she was five.
Wanting to keep her daughter's memory alive and help other children with similar conditions, Ide created the annual fundraiser. Its third rendition is taking place Sunday (July 20) at Sixteen Mile Sports Complex, 3070 Neyagawa Blvd.
Ide says Gabrielle's Ride's partnership with Ford of Canada can only be a major boost to its cause and in spreading awareness of congenital heart disease and stroke in young children.
"I think it speaks to the integrity of both organizations that we can come together in a partnership and to our belief in social responsibility — that's meaningful to me," said Ide.
"Their (Ford) donations are going to translate into significant impact, not just towards our initiative but towards changing the lives of children affected by congenital heart disease and stroke."
On Sunday, after the ride and during the Family Fair portion of the event, Ford of Canada will donate $20 to SickKids for every person that test drives a Ford vehicle.
Gabrielle's Ride, along with Ford of Canada, will also have a booth Friday's (July 18) Midnight Madness in Oakville with face-painting and treats, and to raise awareness of the fundraiser and give participants a chance to register.
People can also register online at www.gabriellesride.com or on ride day.
Registration for the event costs $25 for adults and children aged 13 and older, and is free for children aged 12 and younger with an adult registration.
The 100-kilometre Journey of Hope ride kicks off at 6:45 a.m., followed by the 50K Rainbow Ride at 7:45 a.m., 25K Country Adventure at 8:45 a.m., 10K Family Adventure at 9:45 a.m., and the Tyke Ride at 11 a.m.
Dr. Gabrielle deVeber will be the keynote speaker for the event.
DeVeber is a pediatric neurologist, professor of pediatrics, and director of the stroke program at SickKids, as well as senior scientist at the SickKids Research Institute — she was also young Gabrielle's doctor.
The Family Fair, which runs from 9:30 a.m.-2 p.m., will include face-painting, the Ford test drives, a bouncy castle, barbecue and other activities.
In 2012, its inaugural year, Gabrielle's Ride raised $80,000 in support of an international conference focused on preventing cardiac stroke in children, which took place earlier this year on Feb. 15 in San Diego, CA.
Ide was invited to speak at the symposium to tell her daughter's story and how Gabrielle's Ride helped make the conference happen and strides in pediatric cardiac and stroke care.
"It's inspiring — it enlightens me every day," Ide said of the work Gabrielle's Ride has done for SickKids.
"I'm thrilled with the support, how cohesive our team is and how supportive our volunteers have been. Everybody is amazing.
"When you offer a call to action to a community like Oakville, to see people come together and make something happen from such a grassroots organization, it's incredible."
Your baby's teeth are incredibly important. Caring for them begins before your bundle of joy even...
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Finding a reliable ultrasound and radiology clinic with state of the art diagnostic tools, x-rays,...
If you enjoy styling your hair every morning or jump at the opportunity to help your friends or...


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Natalia, September 15th, 2014, Kitchen Design, Looking for Great Corner Pantry? Stop Here Now!. When you try to provide freedom for the imagination to work, part of what will make you feel the greatness of wild imagination. In some cases you will still get a lot of consolidation primed so you make you able to explain the balance in th...Read More
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Natalia, September 14th, 2014, Living Room, Contemporary Living Room Design for Enjoyable Home Living. Although you still doubt the existence of the preparation towards the beauty in a building detail, you should not give up and let go of your choice. Of the many ways, giving up is not an option because there are many roads you have not trie...Read More
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Natalia, September 13th, 2014, Furniture, Best Addicted Coffee Tables Designs for Small House. When you think about how beauty can design blends perfectly without completing some major preparation? If you know a special way to increase competition, you will need a solution so that you are able to determine the direction of the source...Read More
coffee tables designscoffee table designscoffee tables for small spaces
Natalia, September 12th, 2014, Interior Design, What Cabin Interior Design You Might Like?. Do you feel the solution to beautify the cabin as a special option that you would meet? If that kind of trouble you can, maybe you just need to find the best cabin interior design. Indeed each direction should be placed according to how you...Read More
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Natalia, September 11th, 2014, Furniture, Imagine, What Bookcase Room Dividers Can Do for You. Part of the beauty in the room can actually be solved easily. If you are an academic and you have a lot of books at home, you should indeed choose to use and make bookcase room dividers in order to keep books organized. An easy way that we ...Read More
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Olivia Thompson, September 11th, 2014, Bedroom Design, What Bedroom Ceiling Design Could Leave a Beauty Spot?. Vital part in the construction of the room is something you should not waste. Any input you have to do a large part of the value and alertness. It's basically, this assessment is based on the large interest which is considered as a bedroom ...Read More
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Alba De Rosa, September 10th, 2014, Interior Design, Bohemian Designs: Contemporary and Unconventional Idea Arises. The beauty of the interior design is always closely related to the concept that you specify from beginning. By following a specific theme, you are expected to bring competition to the direction of vigilance brave enough. By placing somethin...Read More
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text:
could be Mass Air Flow Sensor or need to have purge valve replaced
View questions for:All Audi
A4 Quattro
1998 Audi A4 Quattro
Audi Q&AAsk Your Question
1998 Audi A4 Quattro Question: what exactly is a purge valve for the audi? mechanic said car's running to rich
mlb2011, 2.8L V6, Tarzana, CA, April 02, 2012, 15:19
1 Answer
Answer #1rpclements April 02, 2012, 15:41Journeyman
Purge valve is a small motor unit that pulls gas vapors out of tank then is pushed into your intake. Makes vehicle more fuel efficient- it's used as part of your evaporative emissions system. I've never heard it making the car run more rich- usually uses more fuel and possibly chokes if not working. You should however get a trouble light on dash when your computer recognizes problems with that system. Mass air flow sensor makes more sense as to the problem though just the same you should be getting a trouble light for it.
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text:
From newest to oldest: 50 years of nuclear historytags: U.S. Navy, Nuclear navy, USS Nautilus, nuclear submarines, Military Times
Lt. Cmdr. Benjamin Amdur got to see how much of a difference 50 years could make to nuclear submarines when he got to his new command.
Amdur had previously served as the engineering officer of the Virginia-class submarine North Dakota, which will become the service's newest sub when it is delivered in 2014, a Navy release said. On Tuesday, he became the officer-in-charge of the Nautilus, the world's first nuclear-powered ship, during a ceremony in Groton, Conn.
"I'm amazed every day at how far we have come in 50 years of nuclear power, and, as a credit to the original nuclear designers of Nautilus, I am also amazed on a regular basis at the similarities between them. How many things they got right the first time," Amdur said in the Navy release....
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text:
These titles were recently added to the collection of the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County.
Sons of Anarchy : Bratva
November 11, 2014
Golden, Christopher.
New York : St. Martin's Press, 2014.
243 pages ; 25 cm
"Set during season four...when Jax learns that his half-sister, Trinity, has been in the U.S. for months without his knowing--and has abruptly gone missing--he heads to Nevada with Chibs and Opie to search for her...only to find that Trinity has gotten herself caught in the middle of a war between rival factions of the Russian mafia, and dragged Jax and the Sons in after her.."-- Provided by publisher.
Grail knight
November 7, 2014
Donald, Angus, 1965-
421 pages : map ; 24 cm
"A novel of Robin Hood"--Cover.
"In 1200 A.D., much in England has changed. Richard the Lionhearted has died and his duplicitous brother John has taken the throne. The Earl of Locksley has been outlawed by his old enemy, now the king, and Sir Alan Dale has had the estates granted to him by Richard I taken away again. But still Alan Dale lives comfortably with his beloved wife pregnant with their first child. But the good times aren't going to last. First, an old crime resurfaces and powerful forces being circling, seeking vengeance, including a renegade band of Knights Templar. Next, Alan's wife falls gravely ill and the only thing that might have the power to save her is the most sacred object in all of Christendom: the Holy Grail. Now, with the Templars hounding them at every turn, Alan Dale and his Lord, Robin Earl of Locksley--Robin Hood--must chase down the grail, believed to be in the hands of one of their old enemies. Chasing all over England and France, Alan, Robin Hood, and their companions in their quest, must find and procure the Cup of Christ before time runs out and all hope is lost. "-- Provided by publisher.
Indian Hill 3 : conquest
October 30, 2014
Tufo, Mark.
[S.l.] : CreateSpace, c2012.
428 p. : ill. ; 21 cm.
"A Michael Talbot adventure"--Cover.
Michael Talbot thought he was done with the Arena. He was wrong. Handed over by those who were supposed to protect him, Mike finds himself -- once again -- aboard the Progerian ship facing the prospect of yet another death match. But all is not as it seems within the alien ranks and Paul Ginson has the Progerians' number. Before long Mike finds himself back where this story began: Indian Hill. War is no longer coming. It has arrived and things aren't going well for the hometeam. Most of the major cities have been destroyed. The armies of the world have been reduced to a shadow of their former strength. Paul's militia, designed to be a first line of defense is now Earth's last hope for a stalemate. And with the help of an unexpected ally, it might just barely be enough.
Coming home
October 28, 2014
McDevitt, Jack.
New York, NY : Ace Books, 2014.
358 pages ; 24 cm.
An antiquities dealer travels to Earth to search for an artifact of the early space age and to search for an interstellar transport that vanished 11 years prior.
Faces of the dead
October 21, 2014
Weyn, Suzanne, author.
201 pages ; 22 cm
Sheltered Princess Marie-Thérèse Charlotte is determined to understand the Revolution that is sweeping France, so she switches places with a chambermaid and sneaks out of the palace--but even with a street-wise companion, Henri, the streets of Paris are a dangerous place.
Desert god : a novel of ancient Egypt
October 16, 2014
Smith, Wilbur A.
New York : William Morrow, an imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers, 2014.
425 pages : map ; 24 cm
Taita the fusspot slave, spiritual wiseman and advisor to the Pharaoh is caught in a maelstrom of passion and danger in his efforts to destroy the Hyksos army by forming a dubious alliance with Crete.
Havana storm : a Dirk Pitt novel
October 14, 2014
Cussler, Clive.
New York : Putnam, 2014.
pages ; cm
"While investigating a toxic outbreak in the Caribbean Sea that may ultimately threaten the United States, Pitt unwittingly becomes involved in something even more dangerous--a post-Castro power struggle for the control of Cuba. Meanwhile, Pitt's children, marine engineer Dirk and oceanographer Summer, are on an investigation of their own, chasing an Aztec stone that may reveal the whereabouts of a vast historical Aztec treasure. The problem is, that stone was believed to have been destroyed on the battleship Maine in Havana Harbor in 1898, which brings them both to Cuba as well--and squarely into harm's way. The three of them have been in desperate situations before ... but perhaps never quite as dire as the one facing them now"-- from publisher's web site.
Until the sea shall give up her dead
October 9, 2014
Russell, S. Thomas.
New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons, [2014].
435 pages : map ; 24 cm
"A Charles Hayden novel." --Jacket.
"Charles Hayden returns in the thrilling new naval adventure from bestselling author S. Thomas Russell, today's "Patrick O'Brian for a new generation" (Kirkus Reviews). Master and Commander Charles Hayden has received fresh orders that take him and the HMS Themis to the Caribbean, with instructions to meddle with French shipping to the colonies. While en route, they rescue two Spanish castaways who beg for help fleeing from a vengeful family situation-Hayden agrees to do what he can, though it's soon clear his two new guests aren't exactly what they seem. Arriving in the lawless Caribbean seas, Hayden and Themis find themselves torn between the forces of reckless English captains, conflicts between royalist and revolutionary Frenchmen, and Spanish ships that are enemies to both England and France. And when someone very dear to him is kidnapped, Hayden may sacrifice everything in a reckless pursuit to save her"-- Provided by publisher.
The invisible : a brokenhearted novel
October 6, 2014
Kahaney, Amelia, author.
New York, NY : HarperTeen, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers, {2014}
291 pages ; 22 cm
Sequel to: Brokenhearted.
September 30, 2014
Kemmerer, Brigid, author.
New York, NY : KTeen/Kensington Publishing Corp., [2014]
vi, 324 pages ; 21 cm.
Station eleven
September 8, 2014
Mandel, Emily St. John, 1979-
New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.
333 pages ; 22 cm
"A novel"--Cover.
"An audacious, darkly glittering novel about art, fame, and ambition set in the eerie days of civilization's collapse, from the author of three highly acclaimed previous novels. One snowy night a famous Hollywood actor slumps over and dies onstage during a production of King Lear. Hours later, the world as we know it begins to dissolve. Moving back and forth in time-from the actor's early days as a film star to fifteen years in the future, when a theater troupe known as the Traveling Symphony roams the wasteland of what remains-this suspenseful, elegiac, spellbinding novel charts the strange twists of fate that connect five people: the actor, the man who tried to save him, the actor's first wife, his oldest friend, and a young actress with the Traveling Symphony, caught in the crosshairs of a dangerous self-proclaimed prophet. Sometimes terrifying, sometimes tender, Station Eleven tells a story about the relationships that sustain us, the ephemeral nature of fame, and the beauty of the world as we know it"-- Provided by publisher.
Seven wonders : a novel
September 5, 2014
Mezrich, Ben, 1969- author.
Philadelphia, PA : RatPac Press in collaboration with Running Press, [2014]
314 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm
"Jack Grady, a field anthropologist and 21st century Indiana Jones, lives for the thrill of adventure and the joy of discovery. When his estranged brother, the introverted mathematician Jeremy Grady, is murdered, Jack is determined to find out what happened. His first clue: his brother was stabbed in the chest with an ancient ivory spear. It reminds him of the weapons of the Amazons, a fierce tribe of female warriors dating all the way back to the beginnings of mythology and history and the subject of Jack's research for nearly half a decade. Jack embarks on a far-flung journey around the globe - from China to Peru; Egypt to Brazil - as he unravels the mystery that links the Seven Wonders of the World, represented by seven divided segments of a golden snake. With the help of the beautiful and brilliant botanist Sloane Costa and Jack's intrepid grad students, the team discovers a conspiracy to hide a road map to the Garden of Eden - and the truth behind a mythological ancient culture" -- from author's web site.
August 28, 2014
VanderMeer, Jeff.
New York : Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2014.
341 pages ; 19 cm.
It is winter in Area X. A new team embarks across the border on a mission to find a member of a previous expedition who may have been left behind. As they press deeper into the unknown, navigating new terrain and new challenges, the threat to the outside world becomes more daunting.
The eye of heaven
August 19, 2014
Cussler, Clive.
New York : G.P. Putnam's Sons, [2014]
389 pages ; 24 cm.
"The outstanding new Fargo adventure from the #1 New York Times-bestselling author. Baffin Island: Husband-and-wife team Sami and Remi Fargo are on a climate-control expedition in the Arctic, when to their astonishment they discover a Viking ship in the ice, perfectly preserved--and filled with pre-Columbian artifacts from Mexico. How can that be? As they plunge into their research, tantalizing clues about a link between the Vikings and the legendary Toltec feathered serpent god Quetzalcoatl--and a fabled object known as the Eye of Heaven--begin to emerge. But so do many dangerous people. Soon the Fargos find themselves on the run through jungles, temples, and secret tombs, caught between treasure hunters, crime cartels, and those with a far more personal motivation for stopping them. At the end of the road will be the solution to a thousand-year-old mystery-or death."-- Provided by publisher.
Robert Ludlum's The Bourne retribution
August 15, 2014
Lustbader, Eric, author.
New York : Grand Central Publishing, [2014].
544 pages ; 19 cm.
The widow's house
August 15, 2014
Abraham, Daniel.
New York, NY : Orbit, 2014.
530 pages ; 24 cm.
"THE RISE OF THE DRAGON AND THE FALL OF KINGS Lord Regent Geder Palliako's war has led his nation and the priests of the spider goddess to victory after victory. No power has withstood him, except for the heart of the one woman he desires. As the violence builds and the cracks in his rule begin to show, he will risk everything to gain her love or else her destruction. Clara Kalliam, the loyal traitor, is torn between the woman she once was and the woman she has become. With her sons on all sides of the conflict, her house cannot stand, but there is a power in choosing when and how to fall. And in Porte Oliva, banker Cithrin bel Sarcour and Captain Marcus Wester learn the terrible truth that links this war to the fall of the dragons millennia before, and that to save the world, Cithrin must conquer it"-- Provided by publisher.
Overlord : an event group thriller
August 15, 2014
Golemon, David Lynn.
New York, N.Y. : Thomas Dunne Books, an imprint of St. Martin's Press, 2014.
375 pages ; 25 cm
"In the stunning conclusion to the trilogy within the Event Group series that began with EVENT and continued with LEGACY (fans' favorite titles), a time of war is upon humanity. The plans of a million years are finally ready for what has always been coming--Armageddon. Finally, the first move is set in motion and the assassinations begin, eliminating the leadership and consolodating military control of the seas and airspace of the world's most powerful nations. Only one element in the arsenal of the world can possibly give the Earth a fighting chance at survival--a tiny being that has already saved the world once in the Arizona desert is now called upon to outthink his former masters. The one entity on the planet that refuses to accept the inevitable defeat of humankind, The Event Group, is suffering from losses of military personnel and being torn apart by internal conflict. The Group also faces a threat that may be far more dangerous to Earth's survival than the attacks from deep space--their old enemies have returned to take revenge and the worst fears of Department 5656 are realized--a breach in security allows intruders to get at the secrets inside the complex in Nevada. As the war wages on, countries fall, nations fight to the last man, and the fate of planet depends on a few good men and women in this action-packed thrill ride from New York Times bestselling author David Golemon"-- Provided by publisher.
Storm siren : book one in the Storm siren trilogy
August 12, 2014
Weber, Mary.
Nashville, Tennessee : Thomas Nelson, [2014]
341 pages : map ; 22 cm
"My hair slips down my back and shoulders and around my face like fresh snow falling on the forest floor. Pure white. I raise my chin as the buyers stare. Yes. Look. You don't want me. Because, eventually, accidentally, I will destroy you. It's what I do. Seventeen-year-old slave girl, Nym, should not exist. In a world where Elementals are only born male, and always killed at birth, she is an anomaly at best. At worst, people around her die. When a court emissary identifies her weather-manipulating ability as a weapon, Nym is purchased and put to work honing her skills. With time running out for the kingdom of Faelen, Nym might be all that stands between it and the technologically-advanced horror racing down upon them--not to mention the rumored reemergence of the monstrous shapeshifter, Draewulf. But some elements even she can't control. Nym must decide whom to trust as she's unleashed into a world of assassins and political betrayal surrounding a young king fighting for his throne, a tired nation that has forgotten its calling, and her handsome tutor whose dark secrets could destroy both her people and her heart"-- Provided by publisher.
The last witness : a thriller
August 11, 2014
Meade, Glenn, 1957-
Nashville, Tennessee : Howard Books, 2014.
pages cm
Soda pop soldier
August 8, 2014
Cole, Nick, 1968-
New York, NY : Harper Voyager, 2014.
pages cm
"Gamer PerfectQuestion fights for ColaCorp in WarWorld, an online combat sport arena where mega-corporations field entire armies in the battle for real world global advertising-space dominance. Within the immense virtual battlefield, players and bots are high-tech grunts, using drop-ships and state-of-the-art weaponry to wipe each other out. But times are tough and the rent is due, and when players need extra dough, there's always the Black, an illegal open source tournament where the sick and twisted desires of the future are given free rein in the Westhavens, a gothic dungeon fantasy world. And all too soon, the real and virtual worlds collide when PerfectQuestion refuses to become the tool of a mad man intent on hacking the global economy for himself" -- from publisher's web site.
Hide and seek
July 31, 2014
Struecker, Jeff, 1969-
Nashville, Tenn. : B & H Pub. Group, c2012.
xxiii, 369 p. ; 22 cm.
J.J. Bartley, a special operations team leader, is tasked with rescuing Amelia Lennon, a foreign affairs officer who is on the run after witnessing the foiled kidnapping of her government contact in Kyrgyzstan.
The great Abraham Lincoln pocket watch conspiracy
July 31, 2014
Della Quercia, Jacopo (Historian)
New York : St. Martin's Griffin, 2014.
ix, 384 pages ; 21 cm
"This historical thriller is an equal-parts cocktail of action, adventure, science-fiction and comedy. The book follows a globe-trotting President Taft and Robert Todd Lincoln in a race to solve a mystery stretching back to the Civil War and the Lincoln assassination. Based on true events, readers will find themselves swept into a vast conspiracy spanning four continents and three oceans during the turn of the century. Fascinating technologies will be harnessed, dark secrets revealed, true villains exposed, and some of the most famous figures in history will take the stage. With surprises lurking around every corner, and a vast cast of characters to root for, Jacopo della Quercia's The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy is a heart-pounding adventure that only history could have made possible"-- Provided by publisher.
Tantric coconuts : a novel
July 25, 2014
Kincaid, Gregory D., 1957-
New York : Crown Publishers, [2014]
292 pages ; 22 cm
"Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance meets Life of Pi meets On the Road meets Travels with Charley in this quirky spiritual journey across the wild highways and byways of America"-- Provided by publisher.
Rescue mode
July 11, 2014
Bova, Ben, 1932-
Riverdale, NY : Baen Books, 2014.
421 pages ; 25 cm
"The first human mission to Mars meets with near-disaster when a meteoroid strikes the spacecraft, almost destroying it. The ship is too far from Earth to simply turn around and return home. The eight-person crew must ride their crippled ship to Mars while they desperately struggle to survive. On Earth, powerful political forces that oppose human spaceflight try to use the accident as proof that sending humans into space is too dangerous to continue. The whole human space flight program hangs in the balance. And if the astronauts can't nurse their ship to Mars and back, the voyagers will become either the first Martian colonists--or the first humans to perish on another planet" -- from publisher's web site.
Nobody is ever missing
July 8, 2014
Lacey, Catherine, 1985-
New York : FSG Originals, 2014.
244 pages ; 19 cm
"The story of a young woman who takes a one-way flight to New Zealand, abruptly leaving her stable but unfulfilling life in Manhattan, hurtling herself into the unknown, testing fate by hitchhiking, tacitly being swept into the lives of strangers and sleeping in fields, forests or public parks"-- Provided by publisher.
—Subscribe to the Adventure Fiction feed .


text:
My dreams are usually mindless and make about as much sense as Axe commercials.
MORGAN HILL - The Manteca Area Soccer League won its first and only Founders' Cup championship in 1999.
20 years ago: December 16, 1989: East Union High, playing against Beyer High, a team with players 6-5 and 7-0, took the Patriots into overtime before losing 58-56 last night. Armando Avina tried to keep the Lancers in the game with 23 points, including all four EU counters in overtime.
Finding suitable baseball clinics in and around the Central Valley was a challenge for former East Union-standout Justin Friend – forcing him to travel to Sacramento and the Bay Area for the special instruction he wanted.
Eighty years ago, on December 12, 1929, the Lions Club had the pleasure of entertaining as guests at their weekly luncheon meeting at Hotel Manteca the members of the Manteca High football squad, which recently won the Central California High School Athletic League Class B championship by defeating the Elk Grove High team. Coaches Cleetis Brown and Joe Santos, to whom much of the success of the team is due, were also guests. Maurice Tracie, vice-principal of the high school, was also a guest. The members of the championship squad are as follows: Harry Bruton, Jim Barber, John Benincasa, Floyd ...
Every once in a while I run into people who have been reading my weekly columns.
Dear Santa,
MORGAN HILL - Manteca Area Soccer League's under-14 boys Sporting went 2-1 during the California Youth Soccer Association Founders' Cup this past weekend.
On December 7, 1929, at Elk Grove High School, Manteca High downed the Elk Grove football team in a crushing defeat of 33-0. This gives the Buffaloes first place in class "B" football in Central California. The Elk Grove boys were a fast and tricky team but they could not stand up to the heavy pounding of the Buffalo line. This is the first time in the history of Manteca Union High School that the Buffaloes have won the championship of Central California.
As winter has set in and the New Year is quickly approaching, now is the best time to service all your fishing equipment.
Nicole Vanni started her decorated four-year varsity soccer career at Sierra High as a promising defensive midfielder.
I used to be a young troller, fishing for phone numbers at the Ketchikan mall back home whenever the team or group I was a part of left the island for competition.
Editor's note: additional sports history will appear Monday.
Christmas shopping has never been something I looked forward to.
Opponents are now thinking twice before stepping into the ring with 14-year-old Vincent Avina.
The high-octane offense of the Manteca Jr. Timberwolves varsity ran out of gas Saturday in a 46-13 loss to the Dublin Fighting Irish in the Delta Youth Football League South Conference Championship at Ceres High School.
With the Tracy Jr. Bulldogs varsity threatening to score and come within a touchdown late in the third period, Dominic Day blitzed off the corner and batted a Tracy pass into the arms of Jesus Gallegos who galloped 58 yards for a Manteca Jr. Timberwolves touchdown on the way to a 38-6 win in opening-round Delta Youth Football League playoff action at Dino Cunial Field.
Anthony Contreras pulled in a 44 yard touchdown pass from Joseph Espinosa for the lone Manteca Cowboys score in a 14-6 third-round DYSA loss to the Modesto Rams at Stagg High School on Sunday.
Manteca Bowl & Family Fun Center
The Ripon Chiefs junior varsity football team crushed the Calaveras Jr. Redskins 24-0 to earn its second straight Motherlode Valley Football League championship Saturday at Escalon High.
Two-point conversion kicks made the difference in the Manteca Cowboys varsity team's 8-6 overtime win over the Edison Jr. Vikings in Stockton.
Dezmin Ware's 40-yard touchdown was the only offensive highlight for the Manteca Jr. Buffaloes varsity team in a 30-6 loss to the host Turlock Vikings in the Central California Junior Football League AFC conference playoffs on Saturday.
Manteca Bowl & Family Fun Center
Manteca Bowl & Family Fun Center
The Ripon Knights varsity held the Merced Gauchos scoreless through three quarters Saturday and earned a berth in the Trans-Valley Youth Football League Super Bowl with a resounding 42-6 win over the Gauchos.
The Manteca Jaguars varsity blanked the Manteca Jr. Buffaloes 18-0 Saturday in the Pride Bowl on Saturday at Guss Schmiedt Field to wrap up the regular Cen-Cal season.
Joseph Espinosa led the Manteca Cowboys varsity in a 39-0 blanking of the Modesto Raiders on Sunday in opening-round action of the DYSA playoffs at Dino Cunial Field.
The junior varsity Ripon Chiefs continued their two-year winning streak Saturday with a 40-24 win over their rival Escalon Outlaws in the Valley Division of the Motherlode Valley Football League playoffs.
The Manteca Jr. Timberwolves wrapped up regular-season Delta Youth Football League play on Sunday with a 36-32 loss to the Weston Ranch Jr. Cougars at Dino Cunial Field.


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Tosh.O: Deep V's (2012) DVD Review
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Dec. 28, 2012 5:15 p.m.
is one of
those shows like
Mystery Science Theater 3000
where you think, Geez, I could
have come up with that idea. But you didn�t. So just enjoy the show. For those
who are unfamiliar with the program, it�s basically a comedian, Daniel Tosh,
showing internet videos and poking fun at them. There is more to it, of course.
Episodes feature video breakdowns, web redemptions and viewer videos. This
three-disc set includes sixteen episodes, plus quite a bit of bonus material.
I like that Daniel
Tosh is unafraid of poking fun at the very folks who make his show popular. At
the beginning of the first episode he mentions how people voted online as to
what he should wear on the show. He then says, �
And I want you to know your
votes were wasted. They didn�t count. Your opinions are stupid
.� Maybe I�m a
bad person, but I love that stuff. I also love the shot of the woman choking on
a cupcake, particularly when the person trying to save her ends up smashing her
head against the table.
In the second episode
he shows a video of a black guy tossing his daughter toward a basketball hoop
so she can make a basket. Tosh says, �
This is what the WNBA needs � men
throwing women closer to the basket. The most impressive part of that clip is
seeing a black father spend time with his child
.� Daniel Tosh is best when
making those sorts of fearless observations.
About comedy he says
(in the eighth episode), �
The only reason I got into comedy was because I found
out when you have a real job you�re not allowed to talk openly about abortion
Perfect. And in the ninth episode there is a video of a baby seated inside a
hollowed-out watermelon. Tosh quips, �
I can�t wait for Gallagher to smash this one
.� (That episode also has the best �Web Redemption,�
with a completely incompetent weatherman.)
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gets bogged down with a segment. In the third episode, there is a little too
much time spent on the �What What In The Butt� bit, and so instead of laughing you
have time to reflect on the whole idea of the series. On the one hand, it�s
great that anyone can be famous for doing a stupid video online. On the other
hand, it�s totally sad and depressing that our culture has degenerated to this
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Tosh is completely wrong about soccer (see the fifth episode). Soccer is a
great game � a much better game than American football.
Where he completely
loses me is when he rips into Shakespeare in the tenth episode. First Tosh says
that all theatre is bad. Then: �
And Shakespeare�s the worst of all. No one
understands what thou art talking about. Hamlet. More like Ham-shit
.� I have to
assume he�s joking. But it�s not funny. Ham-shit?
Really? What makes me sad is the audience laughed. That means they�re all too
stupid to understand Shakespeare themselves, and now feel somehow validated in
not being about to understand it. So rather than try to improve themselves,
they�ll feel better about their level of idiocy. And what�s to keep these
morons from reproducing? Someone needs to stop them.
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This three-disc set
features a lot of bonus material, all of it on the third disc. The first bonus
feature is the full 24-minute spoiler for
The Human Centipede
. I watched this
right after watching the film (as I hadn�t seen
The Human Centipede
before, and
didn�t want it actually spoiled), and it totally cracked me up. Because yes,
there are some stupid things in the film. Why did the girls suddenly wander into
the woods? And how did the doctor get the human centipede upstairs each time?
And yes, those drawings are done by a five-year-old. This bonus feature is
funnier than a lot of the material in the actual episodes. But he does mess up
the order of things a bit.
The bonus features
also include the extended bit on how Daniel Tosh would fare in fights with
celebrities, and an extended sequence on Things You Should Never Run Into A
Room And Yell.
But most of the bonus
material is extended interviews with the people appearing in the Web Redemption
Tosh.O: Deep V�s
released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 21, 2012.
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Immunity Biology
Suppression of oxLDL-Induced MMP-9 and EMMPRIN Expression by Berberine via Inhibition of NF-κB Activation in Human THP-1 Macrophages
Article first published online: 5 DEC 2011
DOI: 10.1002/ar.21489
Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Anatomical Record
Volume 295, Issue 1, pages 78–86, January 2012
Additional Information
How to Cite
Huang, Z., Meng, S., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Chen, T. and Wang, C. (2012), Suppression of oxLDL-Induced MMP-9 and EMMPRIN Expression by Berberine via Inhibition of NF-κB Activation in Human THP-1 Macrophages. Anat Rec, 295: 78–86. doi: 10.1002/ar.21489
Publication History
- Issue published online: 14 DEC 2011
- Article first published online: 5 DEC 2011
- Manuscript Accepted: 20 AUG 2011
- Manuscript Received: 14 JUN 2010
Funded by
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality. Grant Number: 08411966900
- Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang. Grant Number: 2010ZA085
Corrigendum: Corrigendum
Vol. 295, Issue 9, 1405, Article first published online: 27 JUL 2012
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
- berberine;
- NF-κB;
- oxLDL-stimulated macrophages
Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) by macrophages leads to atherosclerotic plaque rupture by degradation of the extracellular matrix. NF-κB activation regulates many key inflammatory genes linked to atherosclerosis. In the present study, the function of berberine, a natural extract from Rhizoma coptidis, on MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression, the role of NF-κB activation in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages, and the possible mechanism in which NF-κB activation is involved were investigated. Berberine inhibited the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN at both mRNA and protein levels. The phosphorylation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of p65 protein were reduced by berberine, suggesting that NF-κB activation was inhibited by berberine in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages. Overall, berberine suppressed the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN by at least reducing partly the activity of NF-κB in oxLDL-induced macrophages. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The stability of an atherosclerotic plaque determines whether a patient will experience stable angina pectoris or a life-threatening acute coronary syndrome (Shin et al.,2003). Macrophage infiltration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), degrading the extracellular matrix, contribute to atherosclerotic plaque instability (Galis et al.,1995; Kunte et al.,2008). This finding has also been supported by in vivo studies showing that plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) can determine future coronary events (Kai et al.,1998; Blankenberg et al.,2003).
Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) triggers the synthesis of MMP-9 in a paracrine or autocrine manner (Zhou et al.,2005; Schmidt et al.,2006). Increasing evidence shows that in response to certain proatherogenic stimuli such as oxLDL, EMMPRIN is upregulated strongly in atherosclerosis-related cells, including macrophages and coronary smooth muscle cells (Major et al.,2002; Haug et al.,2004; Schmidt et al.,2006). It also increases in activated platelets and mediated NF-κB activation by inducing the production of MMP-9, IL-6, and TNF-α (Schmidt et al.,2008). This evidence suggests that EMMPRIN plays a key regulatory role in the development of atherosclerosis.
EMMPRIN and MMP-9 can promote the instability of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, hypothetically, the inhibitors of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 are potential candidates for improving the development of atherosclerosis. In this context, we are interested in the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine. Berberine can be isolated from many medicinal herbs such as Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Cortex phellodendri (Huangbai), and Rhizoma coptidis (Huanglian) (Ikram,1975). When present as a major ingredient, berberine can have pharmacological effects on cancer (Anis et al.,2001) and bacterial diseases (Stermitz et al.,2000). Recently, berberine has been found to have cholesterol- (Kong et al.,2004) and glucose-lowering effects (Yin et al.,2008). Further, when THP-1 cells differentiate into macrophages, berberine inhibits MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression (Huang et al.,2009). However, the role of berberine on the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN and its possible mechanism in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages remain unclear.
NF-κB plays a key role in atherosclerosis (Majdalawieh and Ro,2010). A strong signal of active NF-κB can be detected in macrophages and endothelial cells in the aorta with evident atherosclerotic lesions (Brand et al.,1996). NF-κB activation is believed to promote the expression of some MMPs (Yokoo and Kitamura,1996; Mengshol et al.,2000) and several factors that mediate various processes such as inflammation and thrombosis, which are key events in atherogenesis (Brand et al.,1997). This evidence proves the critical role of active NF-κB in atherosclerosis. Interestingly, oxLDL is potentially capable of activating NF-κB in macrophages in culture systems as well as in atherosclerotic lesions (Rajavashisth et al.,1995; Brand et al.,1997). Some studies have also demonstrated that inhibition of NF-κB abrogates macrophage recruitment to the atherosclerotic lesions and attenuates the development of atherosclerosis (Majdalawieh and Ro,2010). Briefly, in unstimulated cells, the NF-κB canonical signaling pathway p65 is localized predominantly in the cytoplasm and remains inactivated through binding with its inhibitory protein known as IκB-α. In the presence of stimuli with oxLDL, IκB-α is phosphorylated and subsequently degraded, which allows p65 to be liberated from IκB-α, and to be translocated into a nucleus where it binds to a specific sequence in the promoter of target genes, resulting in increased gene expression, including MMP expression (Yamamoto and Gaynor,2004). Hence, to observe the role of berberine in atherosclerosis, the effects of berberine on the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN and on the activity of NF- κB (p65, IκB-α) in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages was investigated.
RPMI 1640 medium, fetal bovine serum, and penicillin/streptomycin (pen/strep, 10,000 U/mL each) were purchased from GIBCO Company. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was obtained from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA). Dimethyl sulfoxide and berberine were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Trizol reagent for RNA isolation was purchased from Invitrogen. Omniscript reverse transcriptase for first-strand cDNA synthesis was obtained from Qiagen. A rabbit monoclonal antibody to β-actin (ab8227) was produced by Abcam (Cambridge, UK). An EMMPRIN antibody was obtained from Zymed (South San Francisco, CA). MMP-9, phospho-IκB-α, and p65 antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Lamin B antibodies were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). NE-PER nuclear and cytoplasmic extraction reagents were purchased from Pierce. All goat antirabbit secondary antibodies (Catalog No. A-21109) used in Western blotting were from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). A cellular NF-κB translocation kit was purchased from Beyotime Biotech. All other chemicals used for Western blotting were of the highest purity commercially available.
Cell Culture and Treatment
Human monocytic cell line THP-1 was obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD) and was maintained at a density of 106/mL in RPMI 1,640 medium containing 10% FBS, 10 mM HEPES (Sigma–Aldrich) and 1% pen/strep solution at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator. The cells were cultured in six-well plates for 48 hr in the presence of 100 nM PMA, which allowed them to differentiate into adherent macrophages (Tsuchiya et al.,1982). The cells were pretreated with berberine (0–50 μM) for 1 hr prior to incubation with oxLDL (50 μg/mL) for 24 hr. To observe berberine's inhibitory effects on the NF-κB signal pathway, cells (2 × 106/mL) were pretreated with or without berberine for 1 hr prior to incubation with oxLDL for the indicated times.
Determination of Cell Viability (MTT Assay)
MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of berberine on macrophages. After the indicated treatments, the cells were incubated with 0.5 mg/mL 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (Roche Applied Science) in a culture medium for an additional 4 hr. Next, the blue formazan crystals of viable cells were dissolved in dindimethyl sulfoxide and measured spectrophotometrically at 570 nm.
RNA Isolation, cDNA Synthesis, and TaqMan Teal-Time PCR
Total RNA was extracted from oxLDL-stimulated macrophages using Trizol reagent according to the manufacturer's instructions. Total RNA (2 μg) was reverse-transcribed into cDNA using random primers. The resultant cDNA was amplified by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR reaction was monitored directly by the Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-Time PCR System with the following primer sequences: MMP-9(192 bp), 5′-CAGACATCGTCATCCAGTTTG-3′ (sense), 5′-CGCCATCTGCGTTTCCAA-3′ (antisense), and 5′-fam-CCGAGTTGGAACCACGACGCCCTTG-tamra-3′ (probe); EMMPRIN, 5′-CTACACATTGAGAACCTGAACAT-3′ (sense), 5′-TTCTCGTAGATGAAGATGATGGT-3′ (antisense), and 5′-fam-CAGCACCAGCACCTCAGCCACGATG-tamra-3′ (probe); and GAPDH, 5 ′-CCAGGTGGTCTCCTCTGACTT-3′ (sense), 5′-GTTGCTGTAGCCAAATTCGTTGT-3′ (antisense), and 5′-fam-AACAGCGACACCCACTCCTCCACC-tamra-3′ (probe). The whole amplification course was initiated at 95°C for 10 min, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 15 sec, and 60°C for 45 sec. All results were normalized against GAPDH. All real-time PCRs were run in duplicate.
Protein Isolation and Western Blot Analysis
Protein was isolated from the cytoplasm and nuclear fractions using NE-PER nuclear and cytoplasmic extraction reagents according to the manipulation for the analysis of IκB-α phosphorylation and nuclear p65/lamin B levels. Protein isolation and Western blot analysis of the cell lysates were performed as previously described (Huang et al.,2008), except that the membranes were probed with primary antibodies for rabbit antiMMP-9, antiEMMPRIN, antiphospho-IκB-α, antilamin B, and antip65 antibodies (diluted 1:1,000 in TBST) for 2 hr or for rabbit antiactin (diluted 1:5,000 in TBST) for 1 hr, followed by incubation with goat antirabbit secondary antibodies labeled with far-red-fluorescent Alexa Fluor 680 dye. Briefly, all signals were detected by an Odyssey imaging system (Li-cor). Densitometric analysis was again performed using Quantity One (Bio-Rad) to scan the signals.
Confocal Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy of NF-κB
Cells were seeded in a six-well tissue culture plate and pretreated in the presence or absence of 25 μM 1 hr prior to incubation with oxLDL for the indicated times (1, 2, 3, and 6 hr). The cells were immunofluorescence-labeled using a cellular NF-κB translocation kit (Beyotime Biotech) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Briefly, after washing and fixing, the cells were incubated with a blocking solution at 4°C overnight and then with the NF-κB p65 antibody for 2 hr. After washing three times, a rabbit IgG antibody conjugated with Cy3 was added and incubated for 1 hr. To stain the nucleus, the cells were then incubated with DAPI for 5 min. The activation of NF-κB p65 was visualized with a confocal laser scanning microscope (FluoView™ FV1000, Olympus) at excitation wavelengths of 350 nm for DAPI and 540 nm for Cy3. The red and blue images were overlaid to create a two-color image in which purple fluorescence indicated the areas of colocalization.
Statistical Analysis
The results were expressed as mean ± S.D. Differences were compared by one-way ANOVA (LSD, S-N-K, Dunnet) using SPSS 11.0 software. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. All experiments were performed at least three times.
Effects of Berberine on Cell Viability
MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of berberine on the viability of the macrophages. As shown in Fig. 1, a concentration of berberine ranging from 5 to 75 μM caused no significant reduction (about 5–10%) in cell viability. Therefore, a berberine dose at or lower than 75 μM was considered to be noncytotoxic, and doses ranging from 5 to 50 μM were used in subsequent experiments.
Reduction of MMP-9 Levels by Berberine in oxLDL-Stimulated Macrophages at Both mRNA and Protein Levels
To determine whether berberine has effects on MMP-9 at the mRNA and protein levels, the macrophages were pretreated with the indicated concentration of berberine for 1 hr, followed by a culture with oxLDL for 24 hr. The amounts of MMP-9 mRNA were determined by real-time PCR, and the MMP-9 protein levels were quantified by Western blotting. Berberine inhibited the expression of MMP-9 both at protein and mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. 2A,C). Macrophages, which were stimulated by oxLDL, were treated with berberine (25 μM) for 3, 6, and 12 hr. As depicted in Fig. 2B,D, MMP-9 expression was reduced by berberine in a time-dependent manner. Therefore, berberine reduced MMP-9 expression at both transcription and translation levels in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages.
Reduction of EMMPRIN by Berberine at Both mRNA and Protein Levels in oxLDL-Stimulated Macrophages
As MMP-9 expression is positively regulated by EMMPRIN (Zhou et al.,2005; Yoon et al.,2005) and because berberine can apparently downregulate MMP-9 expression in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages, whether the inhibitory effect of berberine on MMP-9 expression might be a consequence of the inhibition of EMMPRIN expression in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages was examined next. Consistently, the results show that berberine has a similar effect on EMMPRIN at both protein and mRNA levels in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages in a dose-dependent or time-dependent manner (Fig. 3). These results indicate that the downregulation of EMMPRIN by berberine is at least partly responsible for the reduction of MMP-9 expression in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages.
Significant Inhibition of NF-κB Activation by Berberine in oxLDL-Stimulated Macrophages
One emerging concept is that as a major regulator, NF-κB plays a role in MMP-9 (Yoo et al.,2002; Chase et al.,2002; Lu and Wahl,2005) and EMMPRIN (Hagemann et al.,2005) expression. Therefore, examining whether the activation of NF-κB is also involved in the inhibitory effect of berberine on oxLDL-stimulated macrophages is interesting. As shown in Fig. 4, the phosphorylation of IκB-α in cytoplasmic protein, as well as p65 in nuclear protein extraction was increased significantly in macrophages after stimulation by oxLDL (50 μg/mL) for 1, 2, 3, and 6 hr. In contrast, berberine (25 μM) blocked partially the degradation of IκB-α and the nuclear translocation of p65 at indicated times. As shown in Fig. 5, the same tendency was found; the stain levels of p65 diminished in berberine-treated macrophages.
Berberine suppressed effectively the mRNA and protein expression of both MMP-9 and EMMPRIN in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages. Berberine can also suppress NF-κB activation induced by oxLDL in macrophages. These results suggest that berberine exerts its inhibitory effect on both expressions of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 by at least partly suppressing NF-κB activity in oxLDL-induced macrophages.
Plaque vulnerability is a primary determinant in thrombus and rupture-mediated complications, most notably unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. Accumulating evidence now supports the concept that MMPs contribute to plaque rupture or trigger acute coronary syndrome (Lusis,2000; Libby,2001). Blankenberg et al. (2003) reported a strong association between plasma levels of MMP-9 and a subsequent 4.1-year risk for fatal coronary artery disease events among 1,127 subjects with established coronary disease. Fiotti et al. (2008) showed that the expression of MMP-9, except TIMP-1 or MMP-2, increases in plaques caused by acute coronary syndrome. Therefore, while conversely retarding extracellular matrix destruction and subsequent rupture, the inhibitors of MMP-9 may be a useful therapy to prevent plaque rupture or its clinical sequelae.
In the present study, berberine markedly inhibited MMP-9 expression induced by oxLDL in macrophages. More importantly, it also inhibited the expression of EMMPRIN, which in turn caused the reduction in MMP-9. Given the important roles of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression in the development of atherosclerosis and the inhibitory effects of berberine on this expression, we concluded that berberine may exert its beneficial properties by stabilizing atherosclerotic plaque, thus improving the development of atherosclerosis.
Berberine has been used to treat diarrhea and gastrointestinal disorders in Chinese traditional medicine (Choi et al.,2003). Recently, Doggrell et al. (2005) and Kong et al. (2004) described the cholesterol-lowering property of berberine. In a clinical study, Yin et al. (2008) found that berberine lowers blood glucose levels effectively in patients with type 2 diabetes. Berberine prevents oxLDL-induced cellular dysfunction (Hsieh et al.,2007), and it is effective in reducing excess body weight (Lee et al.,2006). Therefore, berberine has known properties for diminishing many of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis, such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and overweight. It is also notable for its antiinflammatory effects that inhibit the production of TNF-α, MCP-1, and COX-2 expression (Chen et al.,2008; Guo et al.,2008). A recent study reported that berberine prevents the formation of foam cells from macrophages by enhancing LXRa-ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux (Lee et al.,2010). These results provide evidence that berberine has a beneficial effect on the prevention of atherosclerosis.
oxLDL is implicated in many proatherogenic events, such as an increase in the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN, as seen in the present study. It can also activate the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB at indicated times in macrophages (Rajavashisth et al.,1995; Brand et al.,1997). Recent studies have shown that NF-κB activation (nuclear translocation of p65), which has been observed in human and experimental atherosclerosis (Brand et al.,1996,1997; Hajra et al.,2000), is enhanced in unstable coronary atherectomies (Wilson et al.,2002) and is involved in the upregulated expression of proinflammatory factors such as MMPs, except TIMP-1 (Monaco et al.,2004). Both the mutation of the NF-κB binding sequence in the promoters of MMPs and the overexpression of IκB-α protein are accompanied significantly by reduced MMP production in macrophages (Monaco et al.,2004; Ogawa et al.,2004). Therefore, the inhibition of NF-κB activation will impede the progress of atherosclerosis. In fact, the suppression of NF-κB activity by blocking IκB degradation results in significantly smaller atherosclerotic lesions as compared with those in control mice (Wolfrum et al.,2007). Several studies have also demonstrated the positive correlation between NF-κB activity and the incidence of myocardial infarction (Thiemermann,2004; Majdalawieh and Ro,2010). These results suggest that NF-κB is a promising therapeutic target for reducing the risks of atherosclerosis.
The current study demonstrates that berberine reduces the phosphorylation of IκB-α in the cytoplasm (blocking IκB-α degradation) and suppresses the nuclear translocation of p65 induced by oxLDL in macrophages, indicating that NF-κB activation is inhibited by berberine. The same tendency is observed in the stain of NF-κB p65 nucleus translocation. Collectively, berberine suppresses not only MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression but also NF-κB activation. Further, the activation of NF-κB is responsible for MMP-9 expression. Therefore, in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages, the inhibitory effect of berberine on MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression is at least partly associated with the downregulation of NF-κB activation.
NF-κB activation is involved in EMMPRIN expression (Hagemann et al.,2005). As a novel platelet receptor, EMMPRIN in turn activates NF-κB (Schmidt et al.,2008), suggesting that a positive feedback between EMMPRIN and NF-κB exists. That is, the upregulation of EMMPRIN expression regulates more NF-κB-related inflammatory cellular activities (e.g., IL-6 and TNF-α.) than only MMP activity. On the other hand, berberine may play its multiple roles (as a potential inhibitor of EMMPRIN and NF-κB) in regulating associated inflammatory genes linked to atherosclerosis and in exerting its protective effect to stabilize atherosclerostic plaque.
In conclusion, berberine inhibits the upregulated expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN induced by oxLDL in macrophages through the suppression of NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. The downregulation of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN stabilizes atherosclerotic plaque, so our results provide evidence that berberine reduces inflammatory responses and thereby mitigates plaque development. However, the effects of berberine in vivo require further study using animal models of atherosclerosis.
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Renee Olstead
Birth Name: Rebecca Renee Olstead
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About: Rebecca Renee Olstead (born June 18, 1989) is an American actress and singer. Active since childhood as an actress, she is best known for her roles in the TV sitcoms Still Standing as Lauren Miller and The Secret Life of the American Teenager as Madison Cooperstein. In addition, she has recorded five studio albums, primarily of jazz music. Olstead was born in Kingwood, Texas, to Christopher Eric Olstead and Rebecca Lynn Jeffries. Olstead is of Norwegian ancestry. As a child actres ... (more)
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House, 4 Bedrooms, 2 Baths, (Sleeps 1 to10 persons)
Lake house within 15 feet of the water. Sleeps 10 guests and includes wireless internet and cable TV . There is a six person lakeside hot tub and a 60 foot dock with moorage. The kids will enjoy swimming to the floating dock. Cruise the shoreline in one of the supplied water toys; a kayak, paddle board or canoe. BBQ, patio furniture and lounge chairs are supplied. We are located 15 minutes from Predator Ridge Golf Resort and within 30 minutes of numerous other golf courses. Orchards surround the area and vineyards dot the hills, each with their own wineries and restaurants. Horses can be rented at the local ranch. For your winter activities we are located 45 minutes from Silver Star Mountain and 1 hour from Big White Mountain. Come enjoy our all seasons playground...We will make you welcome!!
Keywords: waterfront, duplex, family home, pets, deck, barbeque, hot, tub,
- Suitability:
- children welcome
- non smoking only
- pets considered
What makes this house unique
Peaceful environment with breathtaking sunsets, starlit nights around a beach fire and crystal clear waters


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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, and they inhibit platelet aggregation. This review deals specifically with the use of NSAIDs for the treatment of the symptoms of musculoskeletal conditions. NSAIDs have no documented effect on the course of musculoskeletal diseases. NSAIDs inhibit the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase (COX), which has two known isoforms: COX-1 and COX-2. NSAIDs are often categorised according to their ability to inhibit the individual isoforms, with newer NSAIDs often predominantly inhibiting the COX-2 isoform and older NSAIDs often being less specific inhibitors.
Latest guidelines
Reducing the Gastrointestinal Risks of Antiplatelet Therapy and NSAID Use (01 September 2008)
American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force
Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: an update for clinicians. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. (27 March 2007)
American Heart Association
Latest citations
Prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification of the hip: systematic review and meta-analysis. ( 13 November 2014 )
Rated by doctors in Relevance Newsworthiness Surgery - Orthopaedics ***** *****
Combined and alternating paracetamol and ibuprofen therapy for febrile children. ( 13 November 2014 )
Rated by doctors in Relevance Newsworthiness General Practice(GP)/Family Practice(FP) ***** **** Emergency Medicine ***** ***** Pediatrics (General) ****** **** Pediatric Emergency Medicine ****** ****


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Online Summer Math Programs - proven to reverse summer learning lossMore Related Discussions
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Research shows that most students lose more than 2 months of math skills over the summer. TenMarks summer math programs for grades 3-high school are a great way to reverse the summer learning loss - 82% of students who used TenMarks increased their scores in a post summer evaluation. There are more than 30 different programs, personalized and ideal for all levels of learning and achievement. "Step-Up" programs to review last year and preview the next; "Foundation" programs to build core skills in Math Facts, Fractions, Rations, Algebra, Geometry and more. Students can also take a quick assessment to create custom programs perfect for them. The programs are only $39 per student for a 3-month program. Personalized – students are assigned 3 worksheets a week and work at their own pace Interactive – effective, easy to use, and fun with on- demand hints and video lessons Affordable – with a two week money back guarantee Check out the programs and sign up at www.tenmarks.com TenMarks math programs are used in more than 10,000 classrooms and recommended by teachers. Please feel free to share this with others.
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Business type: Services ×
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Let`s talk here about marketing Steam store page, analytic tools and services t
The problem is that you're asking other people to talk about those things, and yet you haven't offered your own thoughts on the subject. Or are you looking for information? If so, you'd probably get replies if you asked a specific question.