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Publications (78)210.06 Total impact
Article: Label-free Impedimetric Immunoassay for Trace Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Insulating Oil.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A rapid, ultra-sensitive, and practical label-free impedimetric immunoassay for measuring trace levels of total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in insulating oil was developed. First, we developed a novel monoclonal antibody (RU6F9) for PCBs by using a designed immunogen and characterized its binding affinity for a commercial mixtures of PCBs, and its main congeners. A micro comb-like gold electrode was fabricated, and the antibody was covalently immobilized on the electrode through a self-assembled monolayer formed by dithiobis-N-succinimidyl propionate. The antigen-binding event on the surface of the functionalized electrode was determined as the change in charge transfer resistance by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The resulting impedimetric immunoassay in aqueous solution achieved a wide determination range (0.01-10 µg/L) and a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.001 µg/L, which was 100-fold more sensitive than a conventional flow-based immunoassay for PCBs. By combining the impedimetric immunoassay with a clean-up procedure for insulating oil utilizing a multilayer clean-up column followed by DMSO partitioning, an LOD of 0.052 mg/kg-oil was achieved, which satisfied the Japanese regulation criterion of 0.5 mg/kg-oil. Finally, the immunoassay was employed to determine total PCB levels in actual used insulating oils (n = 33) sampled from a used transformer containing trace levels of PCBs, and the results agreed well with the Japanese official method (HRGC/HRMS).Analytical Chemistry 02/2014; · 5.82 Impact Factor
Article: Development and Verification of a Model for Estimating the Screening Utility in the Detection of PCBs in Transformer Oil.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A simple new model for estimating the screening performance (false positive and false negative rates) of a given test for a specific sample population is presented. The model is shown to give good results on a test population, and is used to estimate the performance on a sampled population. Using the model developed in conjunction with regulatory requirements and the relative costs of the confirmatory and screening tests allows evaluation of the screening test's utility in terms of cost savings. Testers can use the methods developed to estimate the utility of a screening program using available screening tests with their own sample populations.Analytical Sciences 01/2014; 30(3):413-8. · 1.57 Impact Factor
Article: Increased Growth of a Hydrogenotrophic Methanogen in Co-Culture with a Cellulolytic Bacterium under Cathodic Electrochemical Regulation.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Bioelectrochemical (-0.8 V, -0.3 V, and +0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and non-bioelectrochemical co-cultures of a hydrogenotrophic methanogen and a cellulolytic bacterium were conducted. Unlike non-bioelectrochemical co-cultures, a cathodic reaction (-0.8 V) increased the growth of the hydrogenotrophic methanogen and the cellulolytic bacterium, by 6.0- and 2.2-fold respectively, and increased cellulose degradation. In contrast, anodic reactions (-0.3 V, +0.6 V) influenced them negatively.Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 05/2013; · 1.27 Impact Factor
Article: Efficient production of methane from artificial garbage waste by a cylindrical bioelectrochemical reactor containing carbon fiber textiles.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A cylindrical bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) containing carbon fiber textiles (CFT; BER + CFT) has characteristics of bioelectrochemical and packed-bed systems. In this study, utility of a cylindrical BER + CFT for degradation of a garbage slurry and recovery of biogas was investigated by applying 10% dog food slurry. The working electrode potential was electrochemically regulated at -0.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Stable methane production of 9.37 L-CH4 . L-1 . day-1 and dichromate chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) removal of 62.5% were observed, even at a high organic loading rate (OLR) of 89.3 g-CODcr . L-1 . day-1. Given energy as methane (372.6 kJ . L-1 . day-1) was much higher than input electric energy to the working electrode (0.6 kJ . L-1 . day-1) at this OLR. Methanogens were highly retained in CFT by direct attachment to the cathodic working electrodes (52.3%; ratio of methanogens to prokaryotes), compared with the suspended fraction (31.2%), probably contributing to the acceleration of organic material degradation and removal of organic acids. These results provide insight into the application of cylindrical BER + CFT in efficient methane production from garbage waste including a high percentage of solid fraction.AMB Express. 03/2013; 3(1):17.
Article: Electrochemical control of redox potential affects methanogenesis of the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: AIMS: To investigate the precise effect of the redox potential on the methanogenesis of the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus by using an electrochemical redox controlling system without adding oxidizing or reducing agents. METHODS AND RESULTS: A bioelectrochemical system was applied to control the redox conditions in culture and to measure the methane-producing activity of M. thermautotrophicus at a constant potential from +0.2 V to -0.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Methane production and growth of M. thermautotrophicus were 1.6- and 3.5-times increased at -0.8 V, compared with control experiments without electrolysis, respectively, while methanogenesis was suppressed between +0.2 V and -0.2 V. CONCLUSIONS: A clear relationship between an electrochemically regulated redox potential and methanogenesis was revealed. © 2013 The Authors Letters in Applied Microbiology © 2013 The Society for AppliedMicrobiology.Letters in Applied Microbiology 02/2013; · 1.63 Impact Factor
Article: Pretreatment method for immunoassay of polychlorinated biphenyls in transformer oil using multilayer capillary column and microfluidic liquid-liquid partitioning.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that are present in the insulating oil inside a large number of transformers. To aid in eliminating PCB-contaminated transformers, PCBs in oil need to be measured using a rapid and cost-effective analytical method. We previously reported a pretreatment method for the immunoassay of PCBs in oil using a large-scale multilayer column and a microchip with multiple microrecesses, which permitted concentrated solvent extraction. In this paper, we report on a more rapid and facile pretreatment method, without an evaporation process, by improving the column and the microchip. In a miniaturized column, the decomposition and separation of oil were completed in 2 min. PCBs can be eluted from the capillary column at concentrations seven-times higher than those from the previous column. The total volume of the microrecesses was increased by improving the microrecess structure, the enabling extraction of four-times the amount of PCBs achieved with the previous system. By interfacing the capillary column with the improved microchip, PCBs in the eluate from the column were extracted into dimethyl sulfoxide in microrecesses with high enrichment and without the need for evaporation. Pretreatment was completed within 20 min. The pretreated oil was analyzed using a flow-based kinetic exclusion immunoassay. The limit of detection of PCBs in oil was 0.15 mg kg(-1), which satisfies the criterion set in Japan of 0.5 mg kg(-1).Analytical Sciences 01/2013; 29(4):393-9. · 1.57 Impact Factor
Article: New Antibody and Immunoassay Pretreatment Strategy to Screen Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Korean Transformer Oil.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Development and modifications are described that expand the application of an immunoassay from the detection of Kanechlors (Japanese technical PCBs mixtures) to the detection of Aroclors (U. S. technical PCB mixtures, used in Korea) in contaminated Korean transformer oil. The first necessary modification was the development of a new antibody with a reactivity profile favorable for Aroclors. The second modification was the addition of a second column to the solid-phase extraction method to reduce assay interference caused by the Korean oil matrix. The matrix interference is suspected to be caused by the presence of synthetic oils (or similar materials) present as contaminants. The modified assay was validated by comparison to high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, and was shown to be tolerant of up to 10% of several common synthetic insulating oils. Finally the screening performance of the modified assay was evaluated using 500 used transformer oil samples of Korean origin, and was shown to have good performance in terms of false positive and false negative rates. This report provides evidence for the first establishment of immunoassay screening for Aroclor based PCB contamination in Korean transformer oil.Analytical Sciences 01/2013; 29(10):963-969. · 1.57 Impact Factor
Article: Trace-level mercury ion (Hg2+) analysis in aqueous sample based on solid-phase extraction followed by microfluidic immunoassay.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Mercury is considered the most important heavy metal pollutant because of the likelihood of bioaccumulation and toxicity. Monitoring widespread ionic mercury (Hg2+) contamination requires high-throughput and cost-effective methods to screen large numbers of environmental samples. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive analysis for Hg2+ in environmental aqueous samples by combining a microfluidic immunoassay and solid-phase extraction (SPE). By using a microfluidic platform, an ultrasensitive Hg2+ immunoassay, which yields results in only 10 min and with a lower detection limit (LOD) of 0.13 µg/L, was developed. To allow application of the developed immunoassay to actual environmental aqueous samples, we developed an ion exchange resin (IER) based SPE for selective Hg2+ extraction from among an ion mixture. When using optimized SPE conditions, followed by the microfluidic immunoassay, the LOD of the assay was 0.83 μg/L, which satisfied the guideline values for drinking water suggested by the US EPA (2 µg/L; total mercury), and the WHO (6 µg/L; inorganic mercury). Actual water samples, including tap water, mineral water, and river water, which had been spiked with trace levels of Hg2+, were well analyzed by SPE followed by microfluidic Hg2+ immunoassay, and the results were agreed with reduction vaporizing-atomic adsorption spectroscopy.Analytical Chemistry 11/2012; · 5.82 Impact Factor
Article: Operation of a cylindrical bioelectrochemical reactor containing carbon fiber fabric for efficient methane fermentation from thickened sewage sludge.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) containing carbon fiber fabric (CFF) (BER+CFF) enabled efficient methane fermentation from thickened sewage sludge. A cylindrical BER+CFF was proposed and scaled-up to a volume of 4.0-L. Thickened sewage sludge was treated using three types of methanogenic reactors. The working electrode potential in the BER+CFF was regulated at -0.8V (vs. Ag/AgCl). BER+CFF showed gas production of 3.57LL(-1)day(-1) at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4.0days; however, non-BER+CFF showed a lower gas production rate (0.83LL(-1)day(-1)) at this HRT, suggesting positive effects of electrochemical regulation. A stirred tank reactor (without CFF) deteriorated at an HRT of 10days, suggesting positive effects of CFF. 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that the BER+CFF included 3 kinds of hydrogenotrophic methanogens and 1 aceticlastic methanogen. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the BER+CFF for scale-up and flexibility of this technology.Bioresource Technology 11/2012; 129C:366-373. · 5.04 Impact Factor
Article: The membraneless bioelectrochemical reactor stimulates hydrogen fermentation by inhibiting methanogenic archaea.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The membraneless bioelectrochemical reactor (Ml-BER) is useful for dark hydrogen fermentation. The effect of the electrochemical reaction on microorganisms in the Ml-BER was investigated using glucose as the substrate and compared with organisms in a membraneless non-bioelectrochemical reactor (Ml-NBER) and bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) with a proton exchange membrane. The potentials on the working electrode of the Ml-BER and BER with membrane were regulated to -0.9 V (versus Ag/AgCl) to avoid water electrolysis with a carbon electrode. The Ml-BER showed suppressed methane production (19.8 ± 9.1 mg-C·L(-1)·day(-1)) and increased hydrogen production (12.6 ± 3.1 mg-H·L(-1)·day(-1)) at pH(out) 6.2 ± 0.1, and the major intermediate was butyrate (24.9 ± 2.4 mM), suggesting efficient hydrogen fermentation. In contrast, the Ml-NBER showed high methane production (239.3 ± 17.9 mg-C·L(-1)·day(-1)) and low hydrogen production (0.2 ± 0.0 mg-H·L(-1)·day(-1)) at pH(out) 6.3 ± 0.1. In the cathodic chamber of the BER with membrane, methane production was high (276.3 ± 20.4 mg-C·L(-1)·day(-1)) (pH(out), 7.2 ± 0.1). In the anodic chamber of the BER with membrane (anode-BER), gas production was low because of high lactate production (43.6 ± 1.7 mM) at pH(out) 5.0 ± 0.1. Methanogenic archaea were not detected in the Ml-BER and anode-BER. However, Methanosarcina sp. and Methanobacterium sp. were found in Ml-NBER. Prokaryotic copy numbers in the Ml-BER and Ml-NBER were similar, as were the bacterial community structures. Thus, the electrochemical reaction in the Ml-BER affected hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogens, but not the bacterial community.Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 10/2012; · 3.81 Impact Factor
Article: Acceleration of cellulose degradation and shift of product via methanogenic co-culture of a cellulolytic bacterium with a hydrogenotrophic methanogen.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Although the effects of syntrophic relationships between bacteria and methanogens have been reported in some environments, those on cellulose decomposition using cellulolytic bacteria from methanogenic reactors have not yet been examined. The effects of syntrophic co-culture on the decomposition of a cellulosic material were investigated in a co-culture of Clostridium clariflavum strain CL-1 and the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus strain ΔH and a single-culture of strain CL-1 under thermophilic conditions. In this study, strain CL-1 was newly isolated as a cellulolytic bacterium from a thermophilic methanogenic reactor used for degrading garbage slurry. The degradation efficiency and cell density of strain CL-1 were 2.9- and 2.7-fold higher in the co-culture than in the single-culture after 60 h of incubation, respectively. Acetate, lactate and ethanol were the primary products in both cultures, and the concentration of propionate was low. The content of acetate to total organic acids plus ethanol was 59.3% in the co-culture. However, the ratio decreased to 24.9% in the single-culture, although acetate was the primary product. Therefore, hydrogen scavenging by the hydrogenotrophic methanogen strain ΔH could shift the metabolic pathway to the acetate production pathway in the co-culture. Increases in the cell density and the consequent acceleration of cellulose degradation in the co-culture would be caused by increases in adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) levels, as the acetate production pathway includes ATP generation. Syntrophic cellulose decomposition by the cellulolytic bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methanogens would be the dominant reaction in the thermophilic methanogenic reactor degrading cellulosic materials.Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 05/2012; 114(4):435-9. · 1.74 Impact Factor
Article: Construction of hydrogen fermentation from garbage slurry using the membrane free bioelectrochemical system.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to show the effectiveness of the membrane free bioelectrochemical system (BES) using three electrodes on inhibition of methanogenesis and construction of hydrogen fermentation from the artificial garbage slurry. The electrical redox-potential on the working electrode was adjusted to -1.0V (vs. Ag/AgCl) that has positive effect on methanogenesis. The redox-potential on the counter electrode was measured to be 1.6V. The pH in the effluents was 5.5-6.4. Hydrogen production rate at the cathode side was similar to that at the anode side and much higher than that calculated from current, and reached a maximum of 2445±815 (average±standard deviation) mL L(-1) d(-1) at an organic loading rate of 58.7g dichromate chemical oxygen demand per L d(-1). Methane production was negligible throughout the experiment. Acetate and butyrate were the main products of the fermentation using a BES; these offered favorable conditions for hydrogen production. The bacterial community in the bioelectrochemical hydrogen fermentor differed from that in the methanogenic seed sludge and included hitherto unknown species. These results show that high redox-potential on the anodic electrode and acidic pH in the membrane free BES can be utilized for hydrogen fermentation from the artificial garbage slurry by avoiding methanogenesis.Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 05/2012; 114(1):64-9. · 1.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A simple and rapid flow-based multioperation immunoassay for heavy metals using a microfluidic device was developed. The antigen-immobilized microparticles in a sub-channel were introduced as the solid phase into a main channel structures through a channel flow mechanism and packed into a detection area enclosed by dam-like structures in the microfluidic device. A mixture of a heavy metal and a gold nanoparticle-labeled antibody was made to flow toward the corresponding metal through the main channel and make brief contact with the solid phase. A small portion of the free antibody was captured and accumulated on the packed solid phase. The measured absorbance of the gold label was proportional to the free antibody portion and, thus, to the metal concentration. Each of the monoclonal antibodies specific for cadmium-EDTA, chromium-EDTA, or lead-DTPA was applied to the single-channel microfluidic device. Under optimized conditions of flow rate, volume, and antibody concentration, the theoretical (antibody K(d)-limited) detection levels of the three heavy metal species were achieved within only 7 min. The dynamic range for cadmium, chromium, and lead was 0.57-60.06 ppb, 0.03-0.97 ppb, and 0.04-5.28 ppb, respectively. An integrated microchannel device for simultaneous multiflow was also successfully developed and evaluated. The multiplex cadmium immunoassay of four samples was completed within 8 min for a dynamic range of 0.42-37.48 ppb. Present microfluidic heavy metal immunoassays satisfied the Japanese environmental standard for cadmium, chromium and, lead, which provided in the soil contamination countermeasures act.Biosensors & Bioelectronics 03/2012; 33(1):106-12. · 6.45 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Bioelectrochemical systems can affect microbial metabolism by controlling the redox potential. We constructed bioelectrochemical cultures of the proteolytic bacterium, Coprothermobacter proteolyticus strain CT-1, both as a single-culture and as a co-culture with the hydrogenotrophic methanogen, Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus strain ∆H, to investigate the influences of bioelectrochemical regulation on facultatively syntrophic proteolysis. The co-culture and single-culture were cultivated at 55°C with an anaerobic medium containing casein as the carbon source. The working electrode potential of the bioelectrochemical system was controlled at -0.8V (vs. Ag/AgCl) for bioelectrochemical cultures and was not controlled for non-bioelectrochemical cultures. The cell densities of hydrogenotrophic methanogen and methane production in the bioelectrochemical co-culture were 3.6 and 1.5 times higher than those in the non-bioelectrochemical co-culture after 7 days of cultivation, respectively. Contrastingly, the cell density of Coprothermobacter sp. in the bioelectrochemical co-culture was only 1.3 times higher than that in the non-bioelectrochemical co-culture. The protein decomposition rates were nearly proportional to the cell density of Coprothermobacter sp. in the all types of cultures. These results indicate that bioelectrochemical regulation, particularly, affected the carbon fixation of the hydrogenotrophic methanogen and that facultatively syntrophic proteolysis was accelerated as a result of hydrogen consumption by the methanogens growing well in bioelectrochemical co-cultures.Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 03/2012; 114(1):59-63. · 1.74 Impact Factor
Article: Optimization of a commercial biosensor for polychlorinated biphenyls and evaluation of its utility for screening.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We previously described our systematic progress that eventually resulted in a commercially available immunoassay based biosensor (PCB biosensor) for detecting PCBs in oil. However, IC50 of the commercialized PCB biosensor was approximately 2 ppb for PCBs, and did not achieve the theoretical detection limit (TDL) which would represent an IC50 of approximately 0.5 ppb. In this study, we characterize the effects of the antibody concentration, flow volume and flow rate on the PCB biosensor's response. Using the optimum operating conditions, the PCB biosensor achieved the TDL and its performance as a screening test was improved. Working at the stringent maximum residue limit specified by Japanese law (0.5 ppm total PCBs), the optimized biosensor exhibited excellent performance (0% false negatives and 7% false positives) in the screening of 110 samples of used Japanese transformer oil. The general approach for optimization described here is expected to benefit immunoassay researchers attempting to achieve optimum performance.Analytical Sciences 01/2012; 28(8):737-42. · 1.57 Impact Factor
Article: Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in transformer oil by using liquid-liquid partitioning in a microfluidic device.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that are present in transformer oil are a common global problem because of their toxicity and environmental persistence. The development of a rapid, low-cost method for measurement of PCBs in oil has been a matter of priority because of the large number of PCB-contaminated transformers still in service. Although one of the rapid, low-cost methods involves an immunoassay, which uses multilayer column separation, hexane evaporation, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) partitioning, antigen-antibody reaction, and a measurement system, there is a demand for more cost-effective and simpler procedures. In this paper, we report a DMSO partitioning method that utilizes a microfluidic device with microrecesses along the microchannel. In this method, PCBs are extracted and enriched into the DMSO confined in the microrecesses under the oil flow condition. The enrichment factor was estimated to be 2.69, which agreed well with the anticipated value. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of PCBs in oil was found to be 0.38 mg/kg, which satisfies the much stricter criterion of 0.5 mg/kg in Japan. The developed method can realize the pretreatment of oil without the use of centrifugation for phase separation. Furthermore, the amount of expensive reagents required can be reduced considerably. Therefore, our method can serve as a powerful tool for achieving a simpler, low-cost procedure and an on-site analysis system.Analytical Chemistry 09/2011; 83(20):7834-40. · 5.82 Impact Factor
Article: Syntrophic degradation of proteinaceous materials by the thermophilic strains Coprothermobacter proteolyticus and Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Protein is a major component of organic solid wastes, and therefore, it is necessary to further elucidate thermophilic protein degradation process. The effects of hydrogenotrophic methanogens on protein degradation were investigated using the proteolytic bacterial strain CT-1 that was isolated from a methanogenic thermophilic (55°C) packed-bed reactor degrading artificial garbage slurry. Strain CT-1 was closely related to Coprothermobacter proteolyticus, which is frequently found in methanogenic reactors degrading organic solid wastes. Strain CT-1 was cultivated in the absence or presence of Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus by using 3 kinds of proteinaceous substrates. Degradation rates of casein, gelatin, and bovine serum albumin were higher in co-cultures than in monocultures. Strain CT-1 showed faster growth in co-cultures than in monocultures. M. thermautotrophicus comprised 5.5-6.0% of the total cells in co-culture. Increased production of ammonia and acetate was observed in co-cultures than in monocultures, suggesting that addition of M. thermautotrophicus increases the products of protein degradation. Hydrogen produced in the monocultures was converted to methane in co-cultures. These results suggest that thermophilic proteolytic bacteria find it favorable to syntrophically degrade protein in a methanogenic environment, and that it is important to retain hydrogen-scavenging methanogens within the reactor.Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 07/2011; 112(5):469-72. · 1.74 Impact Factor
Article: A bioelectrochemical reactor containing carbon fiber textiles enables efficient methane fermentation from garbage slurry.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A packed-bed system includes supporting materials to retain microorganisms and a bioelectrochemical system influences the microbial metabolism. In our study, carbon fiber textiles (CFT) as a supporting material was attached onto a carbon working electrode in a bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) that degrades garbage slurry to methane, in order to investigate the effect of combining electrochemical regulation and packing CFT. The potential on the working electrode in the BER containing CFT was set to -1.0 V or -0.8 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). BERs containing CFT exhibited higher methane production, elimination of dichromate chemical oxygen demand, and the ratio of methanogens in the suspended fraction than reactors containing CFT without electrochemical regulation at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 27.8 gCODcr/L/day. In addition, BERs containing CFT exhibited higher reactor performances than BERs without CFT at this OLR. Our results revealed that the new design that combined electrochemical regulation and packing CFT was effective.Bioresource Technology 07/2011; 102(13):6837-42. · 5.04 Impact Factor
Article: Decreasing ammonia inhibition in thermophilic methanogenic bioreactors using carbon fiber textiles.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Ammonia accumulation is one of the main causes of the loss of methane production observed during fermentation. We investigated the effect of addition of carbon fiber textiles (CFT) to thermophilic methanogenic bioreactors with respect to ammonia tolerance during the process of degradation of artificial garbage slurry, by comparing the performance of the reactors containing CFT with the performance of reactors without CFT. Under total ammonia-N concentrations of 3,000 mg L(-1), the reactors containing CFT were found to mediate stable removal of organic compounds and methane production. Under these conditions, high levels of methanogenic archaea were retained at the CFT, as determined by 16S rRNA gene analysis for methanogenic archaea. In addition, Methanobacterium sp. was found to be dominant in the suspended fraction, and Methanosarcina sp. was dominant in the retained fraction of the reactors with CFT. However, the reactors without CFT had lower rates of removal of organic compounds and production of methane under total ammonia-N concentrations of 1,500 mg L(-1). Under this ammonia concentration, a significant accumulation of acetate was observed in the reactors without CFT (130.0 mM), relative to the reactors with CFT (4.2 mM). Only Methanobacterium sp. was identified in the reactors without CFT. These results suggest that CFT enables stable proliferation of aceticlastic methanogens by preventing ammonia inhibition. This improves the process of stable garbage degradation and production of methane in thermophilic bioreactors that include high levels of ammonia.Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 04/2011; 90(4):1555-61. · 3.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Bioelectrochemical reactors (BERs) with a cathodic working potential of -0.6 or -0.8 V more efficiently degraded cellulosic material, i.e., filter paper (57.4-74.1% in 3 days and 95.9-96.3% in 7 days) than did control reactors without giving exogenous potential (15.4% in 3 days and 64.2% in 7 days). At the same time, resultant conversions to methane and carbon dioxide in cathodic working chamber of BERs by application of electrochemical reduction in 3 days of operation were larger than control reactors. However, cumulative methane production in cathodic BERs was similar to those in control reactors after 7 days of operation. Microscopic observation and 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that microbial growth in the entire consortium was higher after 2 days of operation of cathodic BERs as compared with the control reactors. In addition, the number of methanogenic 16S rRNA gene copies in cathodic BERs was higher than in control reactors. Moreover, archaeal community structures constructed in cathodic BERs consisted of hydrogenotrophic methanogen-related organisms and differed from those in control reactors after 2 days of operation. Specifically, the amount of Methanothermobacter species in cathodic BERs was higher within archaeal communities than in those control reactors after 2 days of operation. Electrochemical reduction may be effective for accelerating microbial growth in the start-up period and thereby increasing microbial treatment of cellulosic waste and methane production.Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 01/2011; 89(2):449-55. · 3.81 Impact Factor
Top Journals
Electric Power Research InstitutePalo Alto, California, United States
Central Research Institute of Electric Power IndustryEdo, Tōkyō, Japan
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
The University of Tokyo
Tokyo, Tokyo-to, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology
Chiba University
Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
Ain Shams University
Cairo, Muhafazat al Qahirah, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology
Xavier University of LouisianaNew Orleans, Louisiana, United States


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We only put our name on the best water bottle we can find, the Purist bottle. The addition of silicon dioxide to the inner surface of the bottle forms a protective glass-like barrier that prevents odors, stains, and mold from permanently attaching to the inside surface of the bottle. The transparent Clearview strip provides a quick look into how much remaining fluid you have. 26 ounce.
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Information Everywhere
GALILEO is Georgia's Virtual Library, an online initiative of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia that provides all of the resources that are available in a traditional library: books, magazines, encyclopedias, government information, and research materials. GALILEO can be found 24X7 in homes, schools, and libraries, wherever there is an Internet connection. It's like having a branch of the library in your own home or dorm room. Whether you are a graduate student or a preschooler, a life-long learner, or a K-12 teacher, GALILEO has quality information on your topic, safe from the hazards of the Internet. Browse magazines, trace your family tree, learn about your medicines, or do your homework using GALILEO, confident in the reliability and integrity of the information.
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GALILEO (Georgia Library Learning Online)
GALILEO Georgia Library Learning Online is the award-winning virtual library of licensed, commercial databases and selected free Internet resources available to the citizens of Georgia.
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The Digital Library of Georgia is a gateway to Georgia's history and culture found in digitized books, manuscripts, photographs, government documents, newspapers, maps, audio, video, and other resources.


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You know what thermostats and smoke detectors need? They need touchscreens, and internet connectivity, and apps, and gesture recognition. The only way you're getting that is with Google's Nest thermostat and Nest Protect smoke/carbon monoxide detector. Now you can get them even if you're in France or Ireland.
|Ryan Whitwam
Ryan is a tech/science writer, skeptic, lover of all things electronic, and Android fan. In his spare time he reads golden-age sci-fi and sleeps, but rarely at the same time. His wife tolerates him as few would.
He's the author of a sci-fi novel called The Crooked City, which is available on Amazon and Google Play. http://goo.gl/WQIXBM
You know the pain of watching a vertical video in a world based on horizontal players. Google took a swing at fixing that with the Google Camera app, which warns users not to do that. Horizon actually fixes the issue by letting you take a proper horizontal video while holding the phone in any orientation. It's magic!
OnePlus listed several features as notable when it announced the One in an unnecessarily drawn out fashion earlier this year. One of those items was the selection of StyleSwap covers. The battery in the OnePlus is non-removable, but the back was designed to be replaced with other finishes and materials. However, manufacturing issues have caused the company to cancel the StyleSwap covers completely after a long delay. OnePlus explains on its forums that this isn't settling—no, this is just "complicated decisions."
Motorola really happened upon a great strategy with the OG Moto X when it added core features to the Play Store. It allows Motorola to update functionality without waiting for a full OTA, and other OEMs have been following suit. It's going to be much the same with the new Moto X—four new listings have appeared in the Play Store for this device.
The Galaxy S5 on Verizon got an update barely one week ago that bumped it up to Android 4.4.4, but another is rolling out today. The new OTA with version number KTU84P.G900VVRU1ANI2 adds a few tweaks to functionality and resolves some bugs. It also gets the GS5 ready for VoLTE calls.
Last year's Moto X was a very well-liked phone, but now there's a new version that seeks to turn more of that admiration into sales. The 2014 Moto X has just gone live in the US on Motorola's website, and is also up for preorder on AT&T. Are there customizations? Oh, you better believe there are customizations.


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something magic about those guitars for sure
magic in here
really nice song
love them
Brilliant song! So heartfelt & very romantic. Then just ruined by the line 'And this morning I was casually trying to sniff my fingers on the way home'. Or whatever... You just don't see it coming! Really funny!
I love The Strap.


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The Just Nan Gingerbread mice have been exceedingly popular designs and for 2014 Nan has created a Gingerbread Angel Mouse and Gingerbread Garden Cube. The photo shows the little mouse sitting on the cube (they are separate charts). There is also a fun little Ginger Man Pin which can go on top of the Gingerbread Garden Cube.
Both the Angel Mouse and Garden Cube use 32 count Picture This Plus Gingerbread linen and a Stitcher's Eighth is enough to stitch both pieces.
Also being re-released is the 2013 Gingerbread Mouse - back for a limited time. Remember, the Gingerbread Angel Mouse and the 2013 Gingerbread Mouse reprisal, are Limited Edition designs, order early before they go into retirement!
We'll be getting our shipment of mice around November 6th and we expect the 32 count fabric around November 20th.
Once you have added any items to your cart, you can use the View Cart button to the left to see your cart and checkout.


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|Fantasy News
|Wed. Nov 26, 2014
|News: Knight scored 15 points (3-11 FG, 1-3 3P, 8-8 FT) with three steals, two rebounds and two assists in 30 minutes during Wednesday's win over the Timberwolves.
|Impact: It was an off night for Knight in both shooting and dishing assists, but he still chipped in solid value thanks to the steals. The Bucks' point guard seems headed for a career season, and has been the one constant in coach Jason Kidd's lineups this year.(RotoWire, )
|Tue. Nov 25, 2014
|News: Knight had 20 points and eight assists Tuesday night.
|Impact: Knight is averaging 18.6 points on the second half of back-to-backs. The Bucks visit Minnesota on Wednesday.(STATS, 11:15pm)
|Tue. Nov 25, 2014
|News: Knight (quad) played through his injury Tuesday. He put up 20 points (7-12 FG, 3-5 3Pt, 3-4 FT), three rebounds, eight assists, and two steals in 32 minutes.
|Impact: Knight got off to a prolific start to the season and has come back down to Earth of late. Over his last five games, Knight is averaging 18 points, 3.4 rebounds, 6.6 assists, 1.2 stals, and 2.0 three-pointers in 35 minutes per game. Those are great numbers, and considering where he was drafted this season, Knight has been a steal for his fantasy managers. Feel free to ride or die on Knight this season. He's in a great situation and doing a wonderful job across the board.(RotoWire, )
|Tue. Nov 25, 2014
|News: Knight (quad) will start Tuesday's game against the Pistons.
|Impact: He will play through the minor injury against his former team Tuesday, and is coming off a 27-point outing against the Wizards.(RotoWire, )
|Mon. Nov 24, 2014
|News: Knight (quad) is considered questionable for Tuesday's game against the Pistons.
|Impact: It's unknown when Knight suffered the injury, as he scored a season-high 27 points in 37 minutes Saturday against the Wizards. However, his status for Tuesday's matchup with his former team is in jeopardy, and with Nate Wolters (illness) also questionable, the Bucks could be shorthanded in the backcourt if one or both players sit out. Andrew Gruman of Fox Sports reports Knight practiced with the team Monday, so the Bucks are likely waiting to see how the quad responds Tuesday morning.(RotoWire, )
|Sun. Nov 23, 2014
|News: Knight scored a season-high 27 on 10-of-18 shooting in Saturday's loss to Washington.
|Impact: Knight, who also had five assists, has shot 50.0 percent or better in four of his last six.(STATS, 01:39am)
|Tue. Nov 18, 2014
|News: Knight scored 14 points and had nine assists in Tuesday's win over New York.
|Impact: Knight was 6 of 15 from the field and 1 of 4 from deep but is still shooting 44.4 percent on the season and 39.1 percent from distance.(STATS, 11:48pm)
|Mon. Nov 17, 2014
|News: Knight scored 20 and hit a season-high four 3-pointers on seven attempts in Sunday's win at Miami.
|Impact: Knight is enjoying a strong season with Milwaukee, averaging career highs of 18.3 points and 6.4 assists through 10 games.(STATS, 00:26am)
|Fri. Nov 14, 2014
|News: Knight scored 24 points (9-17 FG, 2-8 3Pt, 4-5 FT) with six rebounds and five assists as the Bucks were beaten by the Magic on Friday. He played 34 minutes.
|Impact: Knight scored better than 20 points for the first time in the last five games. After hitting better than half of his 3-pointers in three of his first four games, Knight has cooled off for 5-of-20 (25 percent) in his last five games. In his last five games, he has provided 5.6 boards and 6.2 assists.(RotoWire, )
2014-15 Season
Ht: 6' 3" Wt: 189 Age: 22
Born: 12/2/1991, Miami, Florida
College: Kentucky
Drafted: 2011 - Rd 1
(8th overall by the Pistons)
Born: 12/2/1991, Miami, Florida
College: Kentucky
Drafted: 2011 - Rd 1
(8th overall by the Pistons)
Injury Status
No Current Injury
Depth Chart


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It's hard to imagine another street artist who has made a bigger name for himself than Banksy, the stencil-loving political artist and activist from Bristol, UK whose creations have adorned walls of buildings the world over and even made their way into museums. But tonight at 7pm at Cal State Fuller ... More >>
Irvine Barclay Theatre
Steamer's Jazz Cafe
Alex's Bar
Detroit Bar
[¡Ask a Mexican!] And why do Mexicans make their kids perform at family parties?
Carpenter Performing Arts Center
Segerstrom Center for the Arts
City National Grove of Anaheim
Segerstrom Center for the Arts
Indie directors weigh in—and the site responds
The Observatory
Carpenter Performing Arts Center
Regency South Coast Village
Constellation Room
The Glass House
City National Grove of Anaheim
Irvine Barclay Theatre
Penn, Teller and a tech millionaire vs. Vermeer
Alex's Bar
Glass House
Constellation Room
Over a decade ago, I wrote an op-ed piece for what was called Pacific News Service but is now New American Media bemoaning how pathetic the Latin Grammys were due to their lack of Mexican music. "The definers of Latin culture," I wrote then, "have decided that the most popular Latin music genre in t ... More >>
Darnell Price nearly killed himself 22 years ago. Now he raps about it
Alex's Bar
Segerstrom Center for the Arts
By: Jonathan Patrick Halloween should be filled with good, albeit strange, music. Horror film soundtracks provide the most suitable gateway to such enjoyment. From grotesque to gorgeous, these represent our ten favorite offerings (in reverse order). Enjoy.
Geri Allen, Esperanza Spalding, Terri Lyne Carrington Samueli Theater 10/26/13 "Women in jazz." What a sadly overused phrase. The fact that three African American women from multiple generations playing jazz for a full house is considered a novelty is incredibly unfortunate. Three African Americ ... More >>
On Sunday Night, lauded Wu-Tang MC Ghostface Killah takes the stage at the Yost Theater. Ghost has spent almost two decades being one of the most prolific MCs in the game. Unfortunately, many legal restrictions have kept some incredible work of his from seeing an official retail release. So, for th ... More >>
Cerritos Center
The breakdown: Hosted by Snoop Dogg, this year's BET Hip Hop Awards (randomly on a Tuesday) were filled with performances galore by rappers like French Montana, 2 Chainz, Kendrick Lamar, Meek Mill, Rick Ross, Future, Yo Gotti, and even Bone Thugs-N-Harmony. The kicker? They barely gave out awards. N ... More >>
One of the best parts about buying a physical album (if you still do that sort of thing) is always going to be the album cover art. And if you're a metalhead or crusty punker the more brutal and bloody it is, the better.After all, metal and punk have never been about bowing down to political correct ... More >>
Muckenthaler Cultural Center
Orange County's own Nancy Sanchez is busy putting the final touches on her full-length album debut, but is taking time to grace the outdoor amphitheater stage of 'The Muck' in Fullerton. The jazzy singer-songwriter's performance is just the latest in the historic hilltop mansion's strong and steady ... More >>
Verizon Wireless Amphitheater
Monday, September 30 Toro Y Moi The Observatory Toro Y Moi's Chaz Bundick makes pure vibe music--actually, he kind of makes pure vibes, with every song a snapshot of its own moment and its own world. On most recent album Anything In Return, he glides through a post-chillwave--we can say that now, r ... More >>
Jim Belushi is a man of many trades. He's entertained us through movies, TV, in theatre, and with his incredible improvisation skills. Not to be outdone by his late great older brother John, his knack for the blues is sensational as well (see: his band the Sacred Hearts) leaving us to wonder, what ... More >>
OC Death Fest Mirror Image Studios 9/28/13 To celebrate OC's underground extreme metal scene, the OC Deathfest took place on Saturday, in an otherwise quiet industrial corner of Anaheim between the 91 and 57 Freeways at Mirror Image studios. In what was a day (and evening) devoted to all things de ... More >>
[Editor's Note: Exene Cervenka is a writer, visual artist and punk rock pioneer. The OC transplant is the lead singer for X, the Knitters and Original Sinners. Her column, Exene Says..., is her space to basically just write what's on her mind, everything from crazy life stories to political theories ... More >>
Last night, the floor of the Glasshouse floor was packed. Pushed tight up against the stage, crowd surfers climbed over, jumped on, and smashed into one another. For one hour, Pennsylvania punk rockers Title Fight put on an amazing performance. The set included older songs like "Symmetry" and "No On ... More >>
Shanghai'd Room
House of Blues
Carpenter Performing Arts Center
Rappers are often quick to change the names we've grown accustomed to. Religion and maturity usually account for the swap, but sometimes, like in Diddy's case, the change is completely unfounded. In many cases, however, the name change has happened before the artist has blown up. Here are 10 rappe ... More >>


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GOP senator proposes raising minimum wage to $8.15
Posted: 04/24/2014 - A Republican lawmaker is proposing to raise Michigan's minimum wage to stop momentum for a larger increase proposed by organizers of a ballot initiative.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - A Republican lawmaker is proposing to raise Michigan's minimum wage to stop momentum for a larger increase proposed by organizers of a ballot initiative.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - An American doctor killed in Afghanistan went to medical school in Detroit and has a son who is a Grand Rapids police officer.
Updated: 04/24/2014 - Some animals at the Potawatomi Zoo were very happy today as they received a special treat all thanks to Indiana University South Bend students.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - The Consumer Product Safety Commission has recalled about 800,000 rechargeable batteries used in baby video monitors.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - Wedding season is here and that means more than 67 million Americans are planning to attend nuptials this year.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - Incandescent bulbs are being phased out because a law mandates that bulbs use less energy.
Updated: 04/24/2014 - A marker discovered by accident could one day identify millions of people with heart disease.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - Young people who smoke weed may be putting themselves at risk for heart disease.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - Police investigating the disappearance of a mother from her job at a western Michigan gas station nearly a year ago are issuing a fresh appeal for tips in the case.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - A school board member has followed the district superintendent in submitting a formal resignation.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - Like humans, animals can pack on the pounds during periods of inactivity and over-eating.
Posted: 04/24/2014 - A gas station in LaPaz was the target of a drug raid.
Updated: 04/24/2014 - A 17-year-old boy with a promising future in basketball is dead. He was shot, on the way to a team banquet.
Updated: 04/23/2014 - Fifth graders put their green thinking caps on Wednesday to come up with stylish ways to save the environment.
Posted: 04/23/2014 - Jakeeme Griffin, 24, and Juan Hassel Jr., 18, remain in the Berrien County Jail.
Posted: 04/23/2014 - The city of Benton Harbor is taking a stance on an issue that affects thousands of low-wage workers.
Posted: 04/23/2014 - A man has been sentenced for a robbery ring that targeted Hispanic migrant workers.
Posted: 04/22/2014 - The Civil Air Patrol is on the hunt for a very important pink balloon that disappeared in Marshall County.
Posted: 04/22/2014 - Next year, schools in Michigan will have more options for making up snow days.
Posted: 04/22/2014 - A new drug has reached Michiana and police are warning people that it is dangerous.
Updated: 04/22/2014 - Spinal Muscular Atrophy or, SMA, occurs in almost one out of every 10,000 births.
Posted: 04/22/2014 - The Supreme Court has upheld Michigan's ban on using race as a factor in college admissions.
Posted: 04/22/2014 - Benton Harbor's suspended Director of Public Safety wants his job back. Roger Lange passed his firefighter training exams this weekend.
Posted: 04/21/2014 - We are getting our first look at exactly how a Michigan woman escaped from a convicted murderer in Elkhart County.
Posted: 04/21/2014 - Authorities say three teenagers have died after fleeing police and crashing in a stolen sport-utility vehicle on Interstate 75 in Detroit.


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|ISSN 1088-6850(online) ISSN 0002-9947(print)
Dirac quantum fields on a manifold
Abstract | References | Similar Articles | Additional Information
Abstract: On globally hyperbolic Lorentzian manifolds we construct field operators which satisfy the Dirac equation and have a causal anticommutator. Ambiguities in the construction are removed by formulating the theory in terms of algebras of local observables. A generalized form of the Haag-Kastler axioms is verified.
Retrieve articles in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society with MSC: 81E20, 46L60, 81E05
Retrieve articles in all journals with MSC: 81E20, 46L60, 81E05
Additional Information


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Our online tools make booking, managing your schedule and paying for lessons easy and hassle-free.
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Your search for the perfect teacher starts with the subject you'd like to learn and your ZIP code. From the list of recommended teachers, compare detailed information about each option before you make your teacher selection.
Take some time to review the teachers in our network. All of our teachers provide detailed profiles, including information about their background, specialties, and teaching style. You can also read reviews from past and current students.
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Getting Started with Music Lessons guides you through selecting a teacher & preparing for your first lesson.
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I have been playing guitar since the age of 9. I have studied Classical, and Jazz at CCM's Prep Dept. in middle school and throughout high school as well as rock, folk, country etc. with other local teachers. I started teaching lessons at the age of 18 in local music stores and have never stopped. While doing this I attended The College of Mount St. Joseph where I studied Classical and Jazz guitar as well as Music Ed. In addition to my 22 years of private lesson experience, I have 2 years of classroom experience teaching general music in elementary schools. I believe it is my years as a student and instructor that enable me to be an effective teacher, having had learned what worked for me as a student, and what has shown to work as a teacher.
*** Lesson Details ***
I cater my lesson to the individual. I like for students to have a structured practice routine and working knowledge of music and their instrument, but it has to be fun. I have students who learn Classical, rock, and Jazz. Each lesson is different. Some people just want to be able to play their favorite songs by a camp fire, and others want to go on to perform at Carnegie Hall. I enjoy teaching both lessons and put forth the same enthusiasm for each one. You get out of the guitar or bass what you put into it in terms of learning and practicing. The level of achievement is up to you, I will help guide you to meet your goals regardless of how large or small they are.
*** Studio Equipment ***
Spare music room: guitars, amps, bass; computer with recording software, ProTools seating for parents
*** Travel Equipment ***
I have all the equipment necessary. I would like the student to have an instrument, but if not I can provide one for the lesson.
*** Specialties ***
I'm really pretty versatile. Over 18 years of teaching anywhere from 80 to 100 students a week will do that.
I have been studying the guitar for most of my life and began teaching when I was 16. I have been given to opportunity to learn from some of the best musicians and teachers around. I regularly give performances throughout the Cincinnati area, as well as in surrounding states. I earned a bachelors of music in Guitar performance at The College-Conservatory of Music in Cincinnati. While there I was able to meet musicians with different approaches to music and broaden my perspective on the way that I played and taught.
I have taught students of all ages and skill levels and have been able to watch my students meet goals of all sorts in lessons. One of the studios that I teach at was also recognized in the category or "Best Music Instruction" by Cincy Magazine.
If you have never picked up an instrument before, I would love to introduce you to the basics of music as well as the guitar. If you have played some guitar, or another instrument, and are looking to hone your skills and maximize your potential, it would be my pleasure to help you along that track.
*** Studio Equipment ***
I have all of the necessities at my studio (extra music stands, seating, etc.)
as well as supplementary music and materials to my standard method books, recording equipment and editing software, computer access to online materials, and temporary rental instruments.
*** Specialties ***
-Classical Guitar
-Technique and Natural Body Utilization
I have taught the piano along with guitar and voice for over 40 years, since I was 16 years old. I started lessons at 9 and continued lessons while I began teaching beginners at a music studio. Since then I have had many different experiences with all kinds of students. I love sharing the gift of music with my students. My goal is to give them a wonderful musical experience and allow them to expand their knowledge of music in a structured manner and can grow to become a casual or professional musician.
*** Lesson Details ***
I adjust my teaching style to the students goals. I like to say I am laid back but do expect progress each week. I can teach the piano for beginner to advanced students. Some students are college bound and need to learn the disciplines of music. Other students just want to learn to play for enjoyment. My main goal to to keep them interested and practicing. I use a composite of different methods depending on the students goals. I have found that each publisher of method books focus on different styles of music. Over the years I have picked the best of each one and we will use the best of the best. I also have edited music for students over the years and have a wide collection of supplemental music. As an example I love Disney music and a beginner after 3 months they will be learning "A Whole New World" from Aladdin. I can teach beginning Guitar students. My specialty is teaching to read "real" music as opposed to tab. Beginners need lots of TLC with the guitar because of the length of time it takes to make "good" sounds of the guitar. Learning good technique in a fun way is essential for good student progress.
Also I can teach beginning-intermediate vocal lessons. My main focus is developing proper vocal technique with vocal exercises and breathing techniques and still making it interesting and fun.
With all of this, i also teach music theory. Whether by itself or along with instrumental lessons, music theory is an essential for all musicians. Music theory is the how and why of everything we do in music.
*** Studio Equipment ***
I currently have a baby grand, a spinet piano, 16 track sequencer, performance digital piano, acoustic guitar, bass guitar, electric guitar, flute, music stands and keyboard stands.
*** Specialties ***
For the piano I use a mixed method of teaching depending on the students goals. I have used Schaum, Faber, Alfred, Thompson and Bastien. I also use Hannon for advanced students and Duvornoy, Alfred and other types of pedagogy for technique and exercises. I have also edited many pieces of music for early beginners to have fun with. Disney is my favorite. I use these supplemental pieces along with the method books to keep their interest in practicing.
"Steven is very professional and extremely helpful. He always has a smile on and is serious about helping you phrase the music. I would highly recommend him to anyone."
"It's been really exciting so far! Jordan has been so helpful, so knowledgeable. I could not have found a better instructor and I'm getting better and better every day."
"My daughter's wedding was weeks away and I had never been able to dance a step. With Jenny's help, I came further than ever before in such short time in any subject."


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Introductory Lecture Series
During the first year of the program, in addition to clinical rotations, the Introductory Lecture series provides instruction in the basic and clinical sciences as they relate to Cardiovascular Disease.
CABG/On and Off Pump
Cardiac MRI
Cardiac Rehab
Compensated CHF
Congenital Heart Disease
Conscious Sedation
Decompensated CHF
Echo Conference
Intro to Echo/Doppler
Management of Acute CVA
Multi vessel PCI vs CAB
Pacers, Pumps, and Politics
Palliative Care
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Pre-op evaluation
Physician impairment
Pulmonary HTN
Radiation Safety
Renal Artery Stenosis
Risk stratifying post-MI
Stress Testing
Unstable Angina
Valvular Heart Disease
Ventricular Tachycardia
Required Core Clinical Rotations
Fellows are provided instruction and experience in patient care and management, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and related sciences through the following required curriculum:
Key to the Learning Objectives
Coronary Care Unit (The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins Bayview)(3 months)
Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation (General/Advanced) (2 months)
Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization (General/Advanced) [concurrent exposure to vascular medicine] (4 months)
General Cardiology Consultations (3 months)
Electrophysiology (2 months)
Preventive Cardiology (1 month)
Non-Invasive Cardiology, including echocardiography, TTE and TEE's, Doppler, stress testing and Holter monitoring. (4 months)
Nuclear cardiology (2 months)
Continuity Clinic (The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins Bayview) (1/2 day weekly for 36 months)
Instruction also is provided in Cardiac Rehabilitation, Palliative Care, Ethics, and PET.
Elective experiences are available in the following areas: Pediatric Cardiology; Vascular Medicine/Intervention; Advanced Non-invasive imaging, including Echocardiography, MRI, and CT; and, Cardiothoracic Surgery. These experiences are recommended and are available to interested Fellows.
Consult the program director for advanced training in the areas of cardiomyopathy, interventional cardiology, and electrophysiology.


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suppressantLine breaks: sup|pres¦sant
Pronunciation: /səˈprɛs(ə)nt /
Definition of suppressant in English:
A drug or other substance which acts to suppress or restrain something: an appetite suppressant
More example sentences
- It also acted as a stimulant, a sedative, an appetite suppressant, and fed smokers' addictions.
- Those using the drug as an appetite suppressant appeared to be at 16 times the risk.
- Both of these drugs have been used as appetite suppressants and both have amphetamine-like sympathomimetic effects.
Definition of suppressant in:
- US English dictionary
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Pronunciation: ˈbäskij
massed trees or shrubs


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On Friday 14th November 2014, SRM presented its fourth annual report on the "Economic Relations...( Read more)10/11/2014Every week a Special Report on Egypt by AlexBank
An update of the weekly Report on Egyptian Economy released by AlexBank's Research Department is...( Read more)13/10/2014SRM is Partner of the 14th FEMIP Conference
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On Friday 14th November 2014, SRM presented its fourth annual report on the "Economic Relations...( Read more)27/05/2014Naples, 6 June: Business Opportunities in South Med Countries
It will be held on June 6th, in Naples, the conference entitled: "Business Opportunities and...( Read more)
Dear Sirs,
We wish to inform you that the Legislative Decree 196 of 30 June 2003 ("Personal Data Protection Code") regulates the protection of people and other subjects with respect to the processing of their personal data. Pursuant to the above Law, your personal data shall be processed in accordance with the principles of fairness, lawfulness, transparency and protection of your personal rights and privacy. Pursuant to Art. 13 of Legislative Decree 196 of 30th June 2003, please be informed as follows:


text: 2014 Breeders' Cup Dates And Schedule Visit Save For Later by Bettingpro StaffPosted Jockey Rajiv Maragh rides Groupie Doll to victory in the Breeder's Cup Filly and mare Sprint Grade 1 race at the Santa Anita racetrack in Arcadia, California, on November 3, 2012 Share: 1 0 1 Get Horse Racing Alerts The Breeders' Cup will return to Santa Anita Park in Arcadia for the 31st edition of thoroughbred racing's prestigious international year-end event in 2014Get the latest odds, a $150 free bet and see the live stream at betAmericaThe 14-race 2014 Breeders' Cup World Championships are scheduled for Oct. 31 through Nov. 1, marking its third consecutive year at the Southern California track. This year's event is scheduled for Nov. 1 and 2 at Santa Anita Park, which has hosted the event six times."Santa Anita has proven to be an outstanding host for our Championships, providing horsemen and fans around the world with a first class facility and one of the greatest experiences in sports," said Craig Fravel, Breeders' Cup president and CEO.No decisions have been made on host sites beyond 2014, according to Breeders' Cup officials.Santa Anita was the site of Breeders' Cup in 1986, 1993, 2003, 2008, 2009 -- the historic event featured Zenyatta, the first female to ever win the Breeders' Cup Classic -- and 2012.The 2013 and 2014 Breeders' Cup World Championships will be televised by the NBC Sports Group. From Around the Site Sergio Aguero 20/1 to be Champions League top scorer after hat-trick against Bayern Munich Odds slashed on One Direction split before 2015 - Will the world's biggest boyband break-up before Christmas? Manchester City 4/1 to qualify for Champions League last 16 but 5/1 to win Europa League I'm A Celebrity Get Me Out Of Here betting update - Jimmy Bullard remains odds-on but Jake Quickenden a new contender Bookies still expect X Factor to beat Band Aid to Christmas Number One Will Lewis Hamilton become Sir Lewis and bag SPOTY this year? facebook Twitter gPlus Send email Reddit More Reddit Su Link All Horse Racing News Recent Breeders' Cup Articles 2014 Breeders' Cup live stream - How to watch all the action from Santa Anita live onlineWatch the 2014 Breeders' Cup live streaming online on 31st October and 1st November live from Santa Anita in Los Angeles.... RaceBets launch tantalising promotions ahead of 2014 Breeders' CupToday's Breeders' Cup card has a whopping Nine Grade One's up for grabs and RaceBets have a number of fantastic offers ahead of the meeting.... Breeders' Cup 2014 live stream, times and scheduleRichard Hannon is hoping Toronado can end his stellar career on a high note with victory in the Breeders' Cup Mile at Santa Anita tonight and we've got the full schedule and race times for those wanting to watch the big event.... Dettori seeks more Breeders' Cup success with strong Saturday rides at Santa AnitaFrankie Dettori enjoyed a successful day one of the 2014 Breeders' Cup when winning on board Hootenanny and will be hoping to team up with trainer Wesley Ward for another Santa Anita triumph tonight.... Breeders' Cup French fancies - Flintshire and Anodin head strong Gallic challengeFrench raiders have an impressive record at the Breeders' Cup and Flintshire is rated the best hope of another Gallic success in this year's Santa Anita showpiece.... Toronado enhanced to 8/1 for Breeders' Cup Mile glory with BetfairLeading bookmaker Betfair are offering readers an enhanced 8/1 on Toronado winning the Breeders' Cup Mile on Saturday and we're backing the European raider to land the contest.... Winner offering enhanced 5/1 on Shared Belief winning Breeders' Cup ClassicThree-year-old entries dominate the market for this year's Breeders' Cup Classic and Shared Belief gets the nod to walk away with the lion's share of the $5million in prize money up for grabs at Santa Anita.... 2014 Breeders' Cup tips - Santa Anita live stream, bookmaker offers and expert previewsAll eyes will be on the Breeders' Cup on Saturday evening and we can't wait for the action to get underway at Santa Anita.... 2014 Breeders Cup tips - An unmissable Yankee on day one of the Santa Anita showcaseTipping expert Brian Healy looks ahead to day one of the Breeders' Cup meeting and has an unmissable Yankee bet.... More Stories Tags


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So I started my first brew yesterday. It has been just about 20 hours since I sealed up the ole fermenter. I am seeing bubbles in the airlock about every 3-5 minutes or so.
Anyway the question that I have is I think I put too much water in the 3 piece airlock. The water level is way over the center water level line. In fact the inside piece of the airlock is being pushed up against the cap to the airlock.
Is this an issue or am I just being paranoid and anal as I want the first brew to be perfect?
Let me know if it s a big deal and what I should do to fix it if anything. Thanks!
If you filled over the line you might want to remove some, that will probably get sucked into the fermenter when you pick it up to rack later. The bubbler being pushed up against the cap is normal and is a sign that there is CO2 being generated (hence the bubbles).
That said you would be safe leaving it, hopefully you won't be picking it up until fermentation is complete and at that point there is alcohol in the beer to help protect it from any nasties in the airlock water (that's why many of us use cheap vodka instead of water).
Congrats on the first brew!
If you like, you can easily take a paper towel and soak up the excess.
you are being paranoid.
I had the same thing with my lock the other day. I took a straw and dipped it in the lock and put my thumb over the top to remove a little water at a time until it looked right.
Just asking, but how much space is left at the top of your carboy? If you don't have enough room for the krausen it might plug the airlock causing CO2 to build up and create an airlock rocket fueled by beer. Just a heads up.
You can also use Vodka instead of water then it doesn't matter so much if some gets sucked back into your brew.
1) Kill your airlock
2) Relax, don't worry
3) Have a beer


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Are you researching your Vermillion ancestors?
I suggest talking to your mother about her family. Get your grandparents names, etc.
Look at white pages on the Internet and look up Vermillion's still living in the Indianapolis area. Contact them.
Notify Administrator about this message?
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Thank you Southern Rambler for one of the best Birthday presents ever; a story and pics on 30 years of 92ZEW. Read the history here or at TheSouthernRambler.com
Sep 122014
Since a white Christmas in these parts is very rare, Catt Sirten will hit the road and bring a White Christmas through the radio. Starting Monday, December 17, Catt will […]
Who's on the air when


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Droid Razr Maxx - ICS - Stock Camera App doesn't Initialize
Discussion in 'Android Tech Support' started by popo127, Jul 12, 2012.
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More work this week with Damon. These two images are the first with infrared film -- both from the studio.
Sometimes a model has one outstanding bodypart. Damon has a chest like a iron roman breast plate, so most of the best work from this shoot features his chest and parts of his shoulders and arms.
Extra points to the reader who can read the tattoo that runs the length of his left bicep. It spells his last name.
A clue: at first I thought it spelled the name of the county in California that he came from, but word is one or two letters different.
Sunday, November 18, 2007
Variations on a Theme
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Trey Songz
Break into Trey's "SmartPhone"http://smarturl.it/7114 use the code: 7114
Part 2 of Trey's "Get Ready for The Summer" sale is live! Head to the official webstore to save on accessories, posters and more for a limited time: http://atlr.ec/1hsiP57
Shop Trey's webstore now for your official "Na Na" workout gear, and pick up $5.00 select tees and more at the Apparel Flash Sale! Check back next Monday, May 5th for new limited time specials! Trey wants to see your #TRIGGAGEAR! Already own official merch? Tag yourself on Instagram wearing your favorite Trey Songz merchandise!
Tune in to tonight, 4/4/14 at 6:45pm EST to watch Trey's mtvU Spring Break performance of "Na Na"!
Tune in to mtvU tonight at 5pm EST to watch Trey Songz kick off MTV's Spring Break with a performance of "Say Ahh"! Mark your calendars for his next performance this Friday 4/4.


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Taiwan Sept CPI eases to 7-mth low, below f'castsTAIPEI, Oct 7 (Reuters) - Taiwan consumer price index for September, released by the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics on Tuesday. It was the lowest level since February, the agency said. SEPT AUGUST CPI (y/y pct chg) +0.72 ... Sharenet, 1 month ago
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For more photos visit www.jstrains.sk
WESTBahn (Linz - Wien)
LTE's 1216 910-0 numbered EuroSprinter engine runnig with an intermodal freight train from Curtici between Hegyeshalom and Nickelsdorf.
A / WESTBAHN (Wien - Linz)
A "panning" effect, while the small Uv.1 runs at ...25 km/h towards Lunz am See.
Running round her little train, the small Uv.1 searches for the track in an overgrown and abandoned Göstling station. The times of daily services on the Ybbstalbahn system are far away...
After a long run at ...30 km/h the small Uv.1 takes water in the semi-abandoned station. The wooden cab contains the switches maneuver system.
Ybbstalbahn Bergstrecke's "bummelzug" has just arrived in Göstling, end of the touristic section of line.
A peculiar point of the Ybbstalbahn system, on the short stretch now converted to touristic traffic after closure in 2010. The small chapel and the tiny shelter makes the little train really roman... (more)
The small Uv.1, of the Ybbstalbahn Bergstrecke touristic volunteer operator, has just left Lunz am See towards Göstling, running on overgrown track.


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Wildfire News
News on Wildfire continually updated from thousands of sources around the net.
Southern Nevada Fire Restrictions Lifted
21 hrs ago | Lake Mead National Recreation Area | Comment?
Hot ashes dumped in woods start brush fire in Hopatcong
Friday | The Jersey Journal | Comment?
Los Angeles-area storm triggers foothill mudslides
Friday | Seattle Post-Intell... | Comment?
LA-area storm triggers foothill mudslides
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Grass fire on Majura Road
Thursday | Canberra City News | Comment?
Arrest Made After Woman Raped, Burned in Kansas
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Fire breaks out at nudist resort in Poconos
Thursday | WFMZ | 1
Crews battle brush fire in Franklin Township
Thursday | Times News | Comment?
Vineland Fire Department responds to residence, car fire and brush fire
Thursday | The Jersey Journal | Comment?
Abandoned buildings ignite in Conway brush fire
Thursday | WMBF | Comment?
Underground W.Va. coal seam fire investigated
Thursday Nov 20 | NewsandSentinel.com | Comment?
Mitchell Highway car crash causes grass fire
Thursday Nov 20 | Central Western Daily | Comment?
Protecting Northwest Forests As Bigger Wildfires Burn Longer
Thursday Nov 20 | KUOW-FM Seattle | Comment?
Infant, family escape Maury house fire
Thursday Nov 20 | WITN | Comment?
U of A's 'game-changing' sensors revolutionize methods of monitoring climate science data
Thursday Nov 20 | Edmonton Journal | Comment?
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Which Game of Thrones Character Are You?
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Our Metro Denver area shop is a full-service repair and restoration facility. We also have string instruments for sale and rent, along with accessories and sheet music for strings. Teaching studio and recital space available on site.
Store Hours:
Open Friday, November 28, 12-6 and Saturday, 10-4PM
Monday-Thursday 12 - 6 PM
Saturday 10 AM - 4 PM
8100 S. Quebec B206
Centennial, CO 80112
Willow Creek Shopping Center
Above Busy Hands Early Education
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Starting today!
October 14th through December 31st.
15% discount on select specialty music:
Fiddle • Rock • Folk • Pop • Contemporary Christian
Duets • Movie Music • Mariachi • Latin • Tango
Scottish • Irish • Klezmer
Purchase $40 discounted music and receive ONE regular priced sheet music (up to $10.00) FREE!
Rental outfits available at
Gorsett Violin Shop!
Please email us your interest in renting a violin, viola or cello, and your child's age to firstname.lastname@example.com. Or, fill out our online Rental Form to help speed up the process of renting an instrument. Any questions, please give us a call at 303-771-3090.
We are here to work with you during our normal business hours Monday through Thursday 12-6 PM
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pool ideas
Cover that goes over hot tub
Stairs to grass
Like blue tile
Simple concrete and pool color
Like this pool color and blue tiles
Like the simple pool design with integrated cover. Maybe just add blue mosaic tiles instead of grey.
Simple surface with blue tile and goes with similar house
Hot tub with cover
Outdoor kitchen
Pool, wall, fire pit
Could work
Like chair style for around fire pit
Like the color of pool and the tile with concrete border
Lounge chair
Might go good with that mirror
Like the chairs facing each other for down stairs deck by pool
Retaining walls
Similar color scheme
Could these pillows be cool if they were orange stems
Modern stools with similar kitchen cabinets
Poufs, traditional elements with Charles ray aemes chair
What a chair!
Like rocks
Similar with steps down on each side, fountain, and cover


text: Delicious one of the best Chinese and Vietnamese meals I have had. Good size servings, plenty of choice on the menu would suit the most fussy eater. Great family atmosphere, terrific service.Meals match the photos in the menu. Great place to eat if going for a night out to nearby movies. Open for Lunch and Dinner 7 days. Negative -... More


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Commit To Be Fit
Commit To Be Fit
Top headlines
- Garlic Roasted Salmon And Brussels Sprouts
- Dublin Teacher To Be Featured On National Show For Food Backpack Program
- Fitness Class Let's New Moms Bring Baby To Workouts
- Corn and Broccoli Calzones
- Commit to be Fit: Ordering Food Online Leads To Bigger Meals, Waistlines
- Commit To Be Fit: Bite-Sized Candy Must Be Worked Off
- Teal Pumpkin Project Aims To Support Children With Food Allergies On Halloween
- Chicken Breasts With Roasted Lemons
- Focus On Healthy Weight For Your Kids
Commit To Be Fit: Ohio State Greenhouse Program Looks To Expand Students' Pallets
The outdoor growing season is gone until next spring, but inside greenhouses at the Ohio State University, locally-grown food is taking root year around
Family Events
Metro Park Family Events
YMCA Family Events
- Black Friday Deal
- Construction Updates
- YMCA of Central Ohio preschoolers help set new Guinness Book World Record
- Give the Gift of Camp
- Now accepting proposals for project at the Cherry Creek YMCA location.
- Many Child Care Job Openings in the YMCA
- West Side shelter opens to accommodate homeless families
- Thank you for ensuring kids stay safe in water
- Upcoming Head Start Enrollment Festivals
Meet Jeff Hogan
Jeff Hogan co-anchors 10TV News morning newscasts, beginning at 4:25 a.m., with Angela An.
He is also the face of 10TV's Commit To Be Fit campaign.
Hogan was in the main sports position at WBNS-TV from 1998 through June 2009 before making the fulltime transition to news.
He was seen in between periods of Columbus Blue Jackets home games. He also served as host of both the Ohio State football and basketball coaches' shows.


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A South Dakota man who drove drunk and struck a pedestrian who ended up dying has pleaded guilty to involuntary manslaughter.
U.S. Attorney Brendan Johnson announced Wednesday that 49-year-old Thomas Hacker, of St. Francis, pleaded guilty to the charge on Monday.
Prosecutors say Hacker's blood-alcohol content was .255 when he struck and killed a pedestrian walking along the road in August. The legal limit for driving in South Dakota is .08.
Hacker faces up to eight year in prison and a $250,000 fine when he is sentenced.
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Big Pizza Business On Day Before Thanksgiving
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Item #09286
Our Eko Collection is constructed of ribbed wood in a beautiful brown finish, making each piece feel at home in a traditional or modern style bathroom. The Eko Soap Dish is the ideal spot for your favorite bar of soap, keeping it clean and ready to be used. Add style to your bathroom with unique bath accessories. Order now.
Product Details
Home Decorators Collection
4675 East Liberty St.
Mexico, MO 65265-9804
Eko Tissue Holder
Carissa Bath Tray
Was: $25.00
Sale: $16.99
Eko Soap Dish
Was: $20.00
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Eko Toothbrush Holder
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Eko Bath Tumbler
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Checkered Field Area Rug
$19.00 - $289.00
Stripes I Area Rug
$49.00 - $469.00
Crete Area Rug
$75.00 - $799.00


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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
Prep Time:
Cook Time:
30 mins
13 mins
NOTE: Recipezaar does not recognize the ingredient of M&M's Miniature Baking Bits, but you will need these to decorate the pops. From Simple & Delicious magazine, kids will have a blast helping to make these fun chocolate-covered treats. "Cooking time" is actually time in the freezer.
Units: US | Metric
Serving Size: 1 (87 g)
Servings Per Recipe: 10
Every recipe, menu, tip and how-to is right here, at your service.


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Holiday Celebration Concert
Directed by Mihoko Tsutsumi of SUNY Oswego's music faculty, the College Choir, Festival Chorus and State Singers will perform John Rutter's "Gloria" and "Joy to the World." Free. 312-2130.
Location: St. Mary's Church, 103 W. Seventh St., Oswego
Tuesday, Dec 2, 7:30 p.m. - 9 p.m.
Theater performance: "It's a Wonderful Life"
This 90 minute live radio play follows the iconic story of George Bailey unfolds as he considers ending his life one fateful Christmas Eve. General admission seating. Doors to the event venue will open 30 minutes prior to the event. $10 (free for SUNY Oswego students with ID), including parking in the Culkin Hall lot (E-6) and nearby lot E-18. There will be one performance/reading at SUNY Oswego/Ballroom, Hewitt Union and one performance/reading at the Kallet Theatre in Pulaski, NY. http://www.oswego.edu/arts. 312-2141.
Location: Ballroom, Hewitt Union
Saturday, Dec 6, 2 p.m. - 4 p.m.
Men's Basketball vs. Fredonia
$6 adults, $4 children 5-18, and free for SUNY Oswego students with ID and children under 5. Tickets may be purchased at tickets.oswego.edu. 312-3073.
Location: Oswego, NY- Max Ziel Gymnasium in Laker Hall
Friday, Dec 5, 5:30 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.
Women's Basketball vs. Fredonia
$6 adults, $4 children 5-18, and free for SUNY Oswego students with ID and children under 5. Tickets may be purchased at tickets.oswego.edu. 312-3073.
Location: Oswego, NY- Max Ziel Gymnasium in Laker Hall
Friday, Dec 5, 7:30 p.m. - 9:30 p.m.
GOLD Third Thursdays
Visit http://www.facebook.com/events/453070221388940 for the latest locations or suggest your own!
Location: Various Cities
Thursday, Dec 18, 6 p.m. - 8 p.m.
GOLD Third Thursdays
Visit http://www.facebook.com/events/453070221388940 for the latest locations or suggest your own!
Location: Various Cities
Thursday, Jan 15, 6 p.m. - 8 p.m.
Required courses and field experiences in the Master of Science in Teaching (MST) Childhood Education 1-6 initial certification program are designed for candidates with a baccalaureate degree and the equivalent of a major in Arts & Sciences. Completion of this degree -- along with passing scores on the New York State Teacher's Exams, the required teaching experience, and fulfillment of all other NYSED requirements (see www.highered.nysed.gov/tcert/) -- will qualify a candidate to receive a New York State initial and professional teaching certificate in childhood education grades 1-6.
The faculty of the Curriculum & Instruction Department at SUNY Oswego are committed to educating candidates in a manner that enables them to provide AUTHENTIC LEARNING experiences for elementary children in the schools of the 21st century (SOCIAL JUSTICE). The programs involve partnerships with Arts & Science faculty, School of Education faculty, elementary practitioners, and Curriculum & Instruction faculty that will generate knowledgeable, socially conscious, reflective, collaborative teachers (KNOWLEDGE, REFLECTION, COLLABORATION). This goal is accomplished by the partners working together to provide relevant courses and opportunities to participate in meaningful field placements, where cooperating teachers and candidates work together to provide authentic learning experiences for diverse populations (PRACTICE).
The professional segment of the program is based on a constructivist model that encourages candidates to enrich and expand upon the content knowledge gained in the Arts & Science courses through additional experiences with pedagogy and sustained field placements in diverse settings. Knowledge of both discipline content and pedagogy is integrated in meaningful learning experiences that encourage reflection, collaborative analysis, and construction of personal knowledge.
The development of a reflective, analytical teacher of adolescent learners requires a program that offers a combination of a strong knowledge of the disciplines (the manner in which they are organized, their processes and attitudes within the context of a global society), theory-based pedagogical courses, collaborative experiences and authentic learning in field placements where needs of diverse learners are met. Throughout the program, candidates are encouraged to reflect upon coursework and to relate it to current research and the information gathered in elementary school field placements.
The sequence of courses is designed to provide candidates with an understanding of the educational foundations and content structure and methodology upon which information can be based concerning strategies of instruction and practice gained from field experience. The program culminates in two student teaching experiences under collaborative supervision of college personnel and practitioners from the field, which provide external opportunities in diverse classrooms in order to practice the integrated knowledge gained in courses. Although specific coursework is provided for instruction of students with a wide range of abilities and ethnic backgrounds, the philosophy of preparing a teacher to teach the full range of students also demands integration of this information into all courses.
The following desired outcomes for the program were developed through input from Curriculum & Instruction faculty, Arts & Science faculty, School of Education faculty, elementary teachers, and administrators, using standards from the New York State Education Department, the Interstate New Teacher Assessment & Support Consortium (INTASC), and the various national learned societies associated with the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE).
1. Candidates know, understand and use the central concepts, tools of inquiry, and structures of the disciplines they will teach to learners in grades 1-6, and can create meaningful learning experiences for these students (KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE).
2. Candidates understand how the full range of students learn and develop in order to provide AUTHENTIC LEARNING opportunities that support intellectual, social and personal development in all students (SOCIAL JUSTICE).
3. Candidates understand and use authentic instructional strategies, including EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, to encourage students' development of critical thinking, problem solving and performance skills (AUTHENTIC LEARNING, PRACTICE).
4. Candidates understand and use motivational strategies to create a learning environment that encourages positive social interactions and active engagement in learning (PRACTICE, AUTHENTIC LEARNING).
5. Candidates understand and use communication techniques (verbal and non-verbal) to support inquiry, collaboration, and supportive interactions in the learning process (PRACTICE).
6. Candidates understand and use formal and informal assessment strategies to monitor students' development and insure continuous intellectual, social, and physical growth (PRACTICE).
7. Candidates are reflective practitioners, who continuously evaluate the effect of his/her choices and actions of others in the learning environment and seek opportunities for professional development (REFLECTION).
8. Candidates foster relationships with school colleagues, parents, and agencies in the larger community to support students' learning and well being (COLLABORATION & LEADERSHIP).
Program requirements are officially described in the current SUNY Oswego Graduate Catalog, which can be obtained by contacting the Graduate Studies Office (315-312-3152, 601 Culkin Hall, SUNY Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126).
For further information contact Dr. Marcia Burrell, Associate Chair for Program Coordination and Assessment , Curriculum & Instruction Department, 102 Wilber Hall, SUNY Oswego, Oswego NY 13126, 315-312-3584.


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Kanye Diss? What Kanye Diss?
Justin Timberlake dodges questions about slamming rapper Kanye West on "SNL."
Justin Timberlake's return to Saturday Night Live left tongues wagging, from the slew of bold-name guest stars — including fellow "Five-Timers Club" members Steve Martin, Tom Hanks, and Candice Bergen — to the episode snagging the show its highest ratings in over a year.
But the most buzzed-about moment in the music industry came from the singer's performance with Jay-Z of "Suit & Tie," JT's first single off his upcoming third studio album, The 20/20 Experience. Timberlake swapped the song's original line of "S--t so sick got a hit and picked up a habit," with "My hit's so sick got rappers acting dramatic," a move many saw as a subtle swipe at Kanye West.
"I don't remember that. Did I change a line? It is live," Timberlake said on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon Monday, when the host said he thought JT "changed one of the lyrics" in his SNL performance. "You know really, everyone keep calm."
"Let me say, for the record. I absolutely love Kanye, so there's that. We love Kanye right?" Timberlake artfully added. "Did the lyrics change? I don't remember."early listen to his 20/20 Experience. Though the highly-anticipated album, his first in nearly seven years, won't hit shelves until March 19, the release is now streaming as a worldwide exclusive on iTunes.
And ahead of its debut, Timberlake is taking over Late Night With Jimmy Fallon, marking the first time a guest has been featured for an entire week. "I'm happy you're here all week because I love hanging out with you and now we're hanging out every single day, all week," Fallon gushed. "I'm so excited to be here," Timberlake responded. "I'll be doing new songs every night, maybe some old ones. Who knows?"
Catch JT on the late-night talker every night at 12:35 PM on NBC.


text:
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Express your free-spirited style with One World Fashions! Lightweight and airy, this top provides comfort with a flattering look. You'll love the variety of colors and how they mix with sublimation prints - the prints are so unique that no two pieces are exactly alike! Simply pair with a light jacket or cardigan for a look that is just as fabulous.
To determine your size, Click Here.
Garment Measurements:
Below are actual measurements for this garment. Use the above link to find the best size for your figure.
Small: Bust: 33-1/2", Center Back: 25-3/8"
Medium: Bust: 35-1/2", Center Back: 26-1/2"
Large: Bust: 37-1/2", Center Back: 27-1/8"
XL: Bust: 40", Center Back: 27-3/4"
1X: Bust: 42", Center Back: 27-1/2"
2X: Bust: 45", Center Back: 28-1/8"
3X: Bust: 48", Center Back: 28-3/4"
Please note: This garment was produced using a special printing process that makes each piece unique. Color shading and fabric imperfections are inherent to the process and add to the singular beauty of each garment. Sizes S-XL are considered missy/standard and sizes 1X-3X are considered womens/plus. Each set is graded separately and sizing may overlap.
*Free standard shipping offer available on purchases made with your ShopHQ Credit Card until 11:59pm ET, December 1, 2014. Excludes shipments to Alaska or Hawaii.May not be applied to previous purchases. Your discount will be applied at checkout. Subject to credit approval.