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Connect With Us
For more than two decades, over 10,000 people in the Niagara region have come to Niagara Life Centre (NLC) to receive counselling and support that gives them 'Hope, Help & Healing'.
NLC is a Christian-based counselling ministry, providing aid for individuals experiencing life crises, including marriage and family breakdown, depression, grief, anger, co-dependency, unplanned pregnancy, parenting and post-abortion trauma. Group and individual programs are offered.
NLC provides education and assistance in an effort to establish coping skills for those in need. The Centre does not discriminate in any way, and all services are confidential.Read More
Tradebank is Canada's largest multi-directional trade exchange since 1996.Read More
Niagara Life Centre is a vibrant, visible, Christian organization caring for families and individuals by offering hope, help and healing. We provide practical and compassionate care through consultation, guidance and support for the emotional, social, physical and spiritual needs of those we serve.
November 14 and 15 10 am to 5 pm daily Each professionally decorated tour home will feature an array of decorating ideas and stylish ways to prepare for the holidays! To purchase tickets and for more information go to nlchometour.com.Read More
So what is Niagara Life Centre? When I tell people I work at Niagara Life Centre, often their next question is "What is Niagara Life Centre?". We are hope for a future to a young pregnant teen, we are help to a man struggling with depression, we are healing for a marriage that has experienced betrayal and disappointment…..read more.
Ever played the telephone game? The telephone game clearly shows how small misconceptions can make a huge difference. One person will whisper a phrase into their neighbour's ear, who will whisper into his neighbour's ear and so on and so on. By the time a phrase gets around the circle it can change from "my alligator ate eleven avocados" to "my hippo is purple". Read more.
Nov 8.2014 12-4 pm New Hope Church 2360 First Street Louth, St. Catharines More info available here.Read More


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by Julia Dalia Amenyogbo
Sometimes my generation appears confused, on the lookout for value orientation. There are many who claim to know which way to go or what is the right thing to do. Too many times capitalistic ambitions predominate the ones that intend to do good because often they don't yield as much. The world of today does not make it easy knowing who to believe and what to believe. Conclusively, many opt for nothing.
Luckily, there is read more >
Das Ist Konfetti Mixtape – Room Service
What do Arnold Schwarzenegger, Miley Cyrus and Rufus Wainwright have in common? Not a whole lot per se….other than their love for American summers and a feature on this mixtape! This compilation is an adult capri sun on a hot summers day. Pure auditory confetti. So while the days are still long and the nights even longer, cap off the rest of your summer with some made to order sounds from Room Service. Knock knock, your order is read more >
Words & interview by Tori White
In a wonderful stroke of creative umami, it's no surprise that 'Gomorrah', one of the most gritty and frighteningly authentic, dramatic TV series to come out of Italy would be set to the score of the most hauntingly mellifluous bands in Italy, Mokadelic.
Mokadelic started as 'Moka' back in 2000, before changing their name in 2008 to Mokadelic when their notoriety as a band began to shift it's focus to composing emotional musical read more >
Social Experiment – A 'Witness This' Mixtape
Have you ever found yourself standing in line at the bank, enjoying watching people going about their day around you? You're able to stand patiently, watch the world pass you by, content and calm. You may wait 2 minutes or maybe it's 15. You're fine. And then there are the days you shift from side to side, you can't stop checking your phone, you find yourself using that tone of voice with the teller that you're read more >
Yuttadhammo Bhikkhu
photocred Mikell Herrick
Yuttadhammo Bhikkhu is a buddhist monk, and he delivers the clearest, most comprehensive beginners guide to meditation that I have witnessed to date in a six piece series.
After you are totally zen and feel ready to jump back into the reality of the world wide web you can follow him through his facebook or pay visit to his website.
Gentleken – 'Mixed Feelings'
by Ken Wallraven.
A quote from the movie Memento gave inspiration to this mix:
'Just because there are things I can't remember, doesn't mean my actions are meaningless. The world doesn't just disappear when you close your eyes.'
Well, the world doesn't disappear, but it may become clearer. It's about those special moments. When you listen to a track – and maybe even dance to it. And you don't just lose yourself to it, you see some sort read more >
Amrei Andrasch
Another one of our favorite paper artists – Berlin's Amrei Andrasch shows us what you can do with paper, razor blades, and skills galore.
Enjoy some impressions from her work below (an extra 'whatthefuck' goes out to her CyBird glasses), and check her website or follow her on facebook if you want to know more.
Also make sure to witness her master's thesis –
a motion piece that playfully promotes the overcoming of prejudices in gender understanding. Visit read more >
'Pretty Ugly' – A Witness This Mixcloud
Inspired by a book with the same title our dear Hamburg-based witness Larissa Sophie Spengler graces us today with 'Pretty Ugly', a carefully curated selection of music that pays tribute to that very feeling that something is so beautiful that it almost hurts – yes, we're talking about our good ol' friend cheesiness!
Porcellain elephants are winding their trunkets, the sun's rising above Chernobyl in a snow dome, and cowboy garden gnomes are playing the violin while Kevin is read more >
Christoph Woerner – Slower Expectations
Slower Expectations doesn't lower expectations by any means. Christoph Woerner, responsible for one of my favorite sets of the year has just released a follow up set that is a little more down-tempo yet doesn't lack detail and keeps you engaged all the way through.
I asked Christoph where the inspiration for his sets comes from, what would he say his influences are and where he seeks out his music.
"I try to play friends, artists that I read more >
The Mind's Eye
Words & images by Kathryn Hayes
"Have you ever photographed yourself… naked?" had become a common question. Ironically after first entering the space I'd be renting for the summer, I couldn't seem to ignore the image of a figure lit up by sunlight laying naked on the floor. A good part of me just wanted to pass it off as a metaphor, pointing to the current phase I am in.
Almost two years ago I read more >
KINKID 'Night Studies'
KINKID has been pressing some buttons in his spaceship again in one of his nightly jam sessions, and this is the beautiful result.
Peace out to all our alien friends out there!
tanz+klangkombinat live @ Fire Space, Fusion Festival 2014
We were among the lucky few who were granted exclusive access to the monster set that our friends from tanz+klangkombinat played at this year's Fusion festival in Lärz, Germany. Witness This proudly shares this set today, taking you on a musical journey from the dark into the light that will keep you entertained for a while.
Over five hours of music to take you on a beautiful ride, tune in and space out. Safe travels!

subset: commoncrawl


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Tag: unplayable
Madden and the iMac: a story of woe
Mac | Life wasn't content to just read about Madden 08 on the Mac-- they tried to actually run it. And for all of us Mac gamers out there, I'm sorry to say the experience didn't go well. Now, we already knew that neither Madden nor Tiger Woods would run on any Mac with the GMA950 graphics processo...
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conservation Subscribe to Feed
A Shining Jewel: El Rio Grande del Norte National Monument
Hunters, anglers, and outdoor enthusiasts are celebrating the designation of America's newest national monument – the 240,000-acre El Rio Grande del Norte in northern New Mexico. The ink is still fresh on President Obama's declaration, but the widespread community and […] Read more >
Teaming With Wildlife Fights for Wildlife Conservation Funding
Earlier this month, I had the opportunity to be part of an eloquently chaotic event known as a fly-in, compounded by the 'snowquester,' an unfortunate combination of a major snowstorm false alarm and the Federal Budget crisis. NWF regularly hosts […] Read more >
Share Your Photos to Protect Washington's State Parks
Next week, our beloved Washington State Parks will turn 100 years old, but their future is uncertain as budget cuts put the entire park system at risk. The thought of losing these special places tugs at my heart. As I […] Read more >
Black-footed Ferrets — Will They be the Comeback Kits?
The black-footed ferret has gone from near oblivion to the brink of recovery in about three decades. The lithe, little weasel with the bandit-like mask was thought to be extinct until a ranch dog named Shep carried a dead ferret to […] Read more >
Is One of Our Country's Greatest Conservation Achievements at Risk?
If I asked a group of people what this country's greatest conservation success in last 25 years was, I might expect to hear stories about the protection of national forests, the recovery of endangered species, or maybe even the Conservation […] Read more >
Weekly News Roundup – February 22, 2013
Want to know what National Wildlife Federation was up to this week? Here is a recap of the week's NWF news: Holding BP Accountable: Oil Spill Trial Set to Begin Monday The National Wildlife Federation hosted a teleconference with representatives […] Read more >
Will New Interior Secretary Put Conservation On Equal Ground with Energy?
On Wednesday, President Barack Obama nominated Sally Jewell, CEO for the outdoor outfitter REI, as successor to Ken Salazar as Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior. Conservation groups, senators and Western energy producers alike praised the selection […] Read more >
Weekly News Roundup-December 07, 2012
Want to know what National Wildlife Federation was up to this week? Here is a recap of the week's NWF news: 118 Sportsmen's and Conservation Groups Urge Congress to Extend Wind Tax Credits December 04-Congress should extend critical tax incentives […] Read more >
My Life with a Raccoon
Please join us in wishing a very happy retirement to Donna Miller, NWF's art director, who worked at Ranger Rick magazine for 40 years! We thought you'd enjoy reading more about her amazing career. Read more >
13 Halloween Wildlife Myths – Debunked!
While you were out appreciating costumes and nighttime wildlife you may have wondered: Can owls turn their heads all the way around? Was that a bat I saw? Is the daddy-longlegs venom fatal to us? Find out the answers to […] Read more >


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All Schools
(1) All Schools
(1) High Schools
(1) High Schools
(1) Elementary Schools
(1) Elementary Schools
(1) All Schools
(1) High Schools
(1) High Schools
(1) Elementary Schools
(1) Elementary Schools
There is 1 private schools in Pratts, VA, serving 51 students.
The student:teacher ratio of 12:1 is higher than the state private school average of 9:1.
Pratts, Virginia Private Schools
- School Location Students Grades
PrattsOak Grove Mennonite School
Po Box 56
Pratts, VA, 22731
(540)948-3116(Mennonite)51 students | Gr. K-12
Area Statistics
Recent Articles
Updated October 26, 2014
What do you do when you are dissatisfied with your local public schools? Homeschool your children? Send them to private school? Let's look at your options.
Your religion matters to you. You want your child to attend a school which will combine academics and religious education. Here is an overview of what is available together with some links to denominational web sites.
Add things up and you'll quickly find the answer- math is crucial both in academics and the real world. By following these strategies and following personal training programs, students can uncover their weaknesses and conquer math.


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Fallbrook district plans to market sludge
FALLBROOK -- A plan to save money by recycling sludge into fertilizer may be up and running by the end of July, Fallbrook Public Utility District officials said last week.
The district has installed most of the equipment needed to dry sludge at its sewer treatment plant off Alturas Road, an undertaking that involves machinery worth more than a million dollars, but it will save the district even more in the long run, General Manager Keith Lewinger said.
Sludge is the semisolid, slushy matter that remains after sewage is treated. The Fallbrook district now pays about $150,000 a year to haul the heavy, wet stuff to a site in Riverside County, but that price is expected to skyrocket in the next few years, after the Riverside County facility shuts down, Lewinger said. The next closest site is in Kern County.
By drying the sludge on its own, the district should be able to cut costs or at least maintain its current level of spending when dealing with sludge, Lewinger said.
He said the most conservative estimate is that by using the new equipment, the district would spend $150,000 a year to dry the sludge and transport it to a landfill. Even in that case, the drying equipment will pay for itself within seven years because the district won't have to absorb the increasing costs of hauling wet sludge, he added.
The fiscal picture could get even better if the district is able to sell the sludge as district officials have planned.
Lewinger said the most likely scenario for the district is "that we're going to be able to execute a contract with a fertilizer packager who will buy this stuff from us, rather than us having to dispose of it."
The chemicals and natural gas needed to run the drying equipment will cost about $75,000 a year, Lewinger said.
Trucking the dry product to a landfill would cost around $85,000, he estimated, but if the district can find a buyer, the revenue would help offset the cost of operating the new equipment.
Almost built
The drying facility is being assembled at the district's Alturas Road property and is awaiting three pieces of equipment before it can begin operating, said Mike Page, engineering manager.
During a tour of the site on Wednesday, Page explained how the process will work, naming a dozen different machines all hooked together in an engineer's playground of sorts covered by a roof.
The sludge will be dehydrated a little bit before it is put into the dryer, where "thermal fluid" -- a type of oil -- will be heated to 480 degrees and run through pipes inside the machine, Page said. A turbine will burn natural gas bought from San Diego Gas & Electric Co. in order to heat the oil.
The heat that radiates from the superheated oil will dry the sludge completely and kill all harmful pathogens, producing sterile granules or pellets that the district hopes to sell as fertilizer, he said.


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Blogs Cliopatria we are all counterfactualists nowAug 16, 2005 4:47 pm
we are all counterfactualists now
For this reason, a historian friend of mine really only likes history you can do with statistical regressions, because the regression includes a calculation of the counterfactual, i.e., of the likelihood that your variables do not matter. But we need not go so far as that to acknowledge that any argument would be strengthened by making the counterfactual explicit, and thereby assessing the degree to which a particular event or personality mattered. For example, if you argue that Truman's racism influenced the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan, you might consider making an explicit and plausible argument that had FDR survived a few months longer, things would have turned out differently.
My personal favorite category of counterfactuals have to do with Reconstruction's failure, which has been supposed to have so many causes. Lots of us think it had something to do with Andrew Johnson's terrible policies on assuming office. (See e.g. Michael Perman, Reunion without Compromise.) What if the Lincoln assassination attempt had turned out the other way around, with Lincoln surviving and Seward dying? Then you would have the war-hero president with Seward's bloody shirt to wave. Worth a few minutes' thought, I should think.
In the London Review of Books you can find philosopher Slavoj Zizek on counterfactuals, history, and the tedium of overdetermined arguments.
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- 1,000 + have signed a petition protesting US government plan to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Vietnam War
- Historian and raconteur Raychauduri dies in UK
- Group is drawing attention to the historic swath between Gettysburg and Monticello
- Conference delves into effects of climate change on native people
- History professor says the Vikings never came to Newfoundland


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1-2 of 2 properties with a garden to rent found
£1,500 pcm
4 bedroom detached house to rent Moat Farm Close, Marston Moretaine, Bedford
This extremely well presented, Executive style property, is located in a quiet location and offers good sized accommodation throughout. Cloakroom Kitchen/breakfast room Utility Lounge Conservatory Study Five bedrooms - two with ensuites One family bathroom One shower room Front and la... More details ›
£850 pcm
3 bedroom semi-detached house to rent Marston Moretaine
A 3 bedroom semi detached house on a corner plot within a short walk of local amenities. The property has an Entrance Hall, lounge, refitted kitchen, conservatory, ample parking, gardens. Energy Rating D. 6 Months contract initially. Unfurnished. Available end November 2014... More details ›
Added on 05/11/2014 by Cranes Estate Agents, Cranfield. Call: 03301 011368 Local call rate
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Thank you.
Your information has been sent to 0 out of 2 agents who have property to rent in the area you specified.


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Pricing & Reservations - call 24 hours 800-242-1715
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1005 South Alexander StreetPlant City, FL 33563
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the gentleman who helped me set up my account at the store, and showed me over to my unit - I think his name was Gary - he was really nice and courteous, professional, and most importantly honest. he didn't try to sell me anything I didn't need. i'm only going to need my unit another couple months but i'd DEFINITELY recommend uncle bob's storage to anyone.Nicholas from Safety Harbor, FL
July 29, 2014
She greeted us as we came in the door I had reserved via internet and everything was all set. Took us to the unit and showed it to us. Was very friendly. Also we used a truck and had to pick up at a different Uncle Bob's and the woman there was just as friendly and helpful. All in all exceeded my expectations.linda from tampa, FL
July 25, 2014
I've now dealt with Rick at the Drew Street location, Glen, Frank, and Dana at our location, and a couple of people down I-19 past Ulmerton who unfortunately had to deal with me at my most miserable. We had an awful experience with our movers--truly terrible. And the entire time, the Uncle Bob's staff did everything they could to help us. They bent over backwards to accommodate our needs and I can't say enough about my positive experiences with the staff at all three locations, except to say that the fact that I know most of the by name should tell you how much of an impression they made on me. Whatever you do, keep up this amazing level of hiring quality people and providing such great facilities and service. You are amazing.Blake from Clearwater, FL
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thought I had a ground level storage that I had set up prior to arriving and was told that my unit was on the second floor. I told him that would not work as we were unloading a truck and he was able to get me the unit I needed.Miriam from Pinellas Park, FL
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I was totally impresses with the Van Service which you provided, and I am very thankful forit.Lystra from Tampa, FL
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Not enough lighting at night. There are people walking and bike riding through the property at night - not sure the property is completely secure.Patricia from Tampa, FL
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Extremely clean facility, climate controlled and patrolled by employees regularly to check for any breach of security.Dale from Ft. Myers, FL
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it was perfect. Friendly and everything. The only thing was I thought my unit was bigger but its ok because everything fit :)Heather from Plant City, FL
October 28, 2014
I am a repeat customer at Uncle Bobs in Plant City and I always find the management honest, helpful & friendly.Julie from Plant City, FL
October 28, 2014


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Welcome to Prairie Faith Shared Ministry. Located in north central Kansas, six ELCA Lutheran congregations have stepped out in faith to enter into a truly shared ministry. We strive to provide the best tools for our members to grow as disciples of Christ and to proclaim the Good News of Christ within our communities and throughout the world. We hope you will join us at one of our churches for service on Sunday to experience for yourself the fellowship of Christ.
During the month of November, Zion Lutheran Church will be collecting items for the food pantry. Bring your donations each Sunday and place in the box at the back of the church.
Dear PFSM Families – Hard to believe that Thanksgiving (Nov 27) is right around the corner and PFSM has again decided to SHARE THE GOOD NEWS with a Live Nativity at WaKeeney's Annual Tree lighting, Saturday, November 29. Sharing HIS Good News is our Mission!!! Help is needed and in particular with characters for our event. I know that everyone wants to enjoy tree lighting and see Santa so I have split the times for the stable. I can't help but smile to think about little angels and shepherds running throughout downtown even if they don't hang out at the stable for a long time. If you and/or members of your family could help us SHARE THE GOOD NEWS please participate. Angel wings can be made from poster board & tinsel; shepherds heads can be covered with a dishtowel. A large robe can easily slide over their coats to keep them warm. If you need help with a costume call Lynelle Shubert so that she can round one up for you. Also let her know if your angels/shepherds would like to be at the stable for a little while or simply dress up and wander through town. Lynelle is also seeking Mary and Joseph with a shepherd and angel or two that do need to be at the stable for an allotted amount of time during the evening. The "shifts" are from 5:00 – 6:15 and 6:15 – 7:30. (Santa usually arrives to light to tree @ 6:15) If you would like to help set-up we will be setting up Saturday morning, November 29 at 10:00a.m. on the West side of courthouse square. If you can help tear down we will be cleaning up Sunday afternoon, November 30th at 1:00 p.m. Please call LYNELLE SHUBERT or you can email LYNELLE @RURALTEL.NET.
December Services and Activities you don't want to miss!
Wed., Dec. 3.— 6:30 p.m. Soup Supper at St. John followed by Evening Advent
Sat., Dec. 6 - 9:00 a.m. Hanging of the Greens at Bethlehem, everyone welcome
Sun., Dec. 7— 2:00 p.m.—Pipe & Pipes. Traditional bagpipe tunes, as well as familiar Christmas carols will be performed. Pie and coffee will be served following the concert. Join Us!!
Wed., Dec. 10— 6:30 p.m. Soup Supper at St. John followed by Evening Advent Services
Fri., Dec. 12,— 12:00 p.m. WaKeeney Community Christmas Dinner. Enjoy good food and fellowship at the United Methodist Church. Sponsored by the Trego County Ministerial Alliance.
Wed., Dec. 17— 6:00 p.m. BLC Midweek Potluck Soup Supper and program dress rehearsal
6:30 p.m. Soup Supper at St. John followed by Evening Advent Services
Sun., Dec. 21— 10:30 a.m. Bethlehem Children's Christmas Program & worship
6:30 p.m. Carols and Candles Service at St. John, Fellowship and
goodies following the service
Wed., Dec. 24, —5:30 p.m. Christmas Eve Worship at Our Redeemer
6:00 p.m. St. John Christmas Eve Children's Program
7:00 p.m. Bethlehem Candlelight Service
7:30 p.m. Zion Christmas Eve Children's program & Candlelight
Tue., Dec. 25, — 7:00 a.m. Emanuel Julotta Service
10:00 a.m. Christmas Day Worship at Immanuel Lutheran Church
10:30 a.m. Christmas Day Worship at St. John
Look at Our Photos
Come see a slideshow of the 2014 Vacation Bible School, the April Joint Service, and the 2014 Live Nativity - get a glimpse of the activities that take place at PFSM. Check out the video of past Joint Reformation Services posted under Prairie Faith Memories Photos.
Meet Prairie Faith Shared Ministry
Come to the About Us section to meet the church leadership, and find out what we're all about!


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Entered for Friday.
What does it mean that I get an invoice tonight ? Did I win? Am I entered?
Oh no I just read that I was supposed to select "in store pickup" if not ordering anything else. Am I going to get a charge now lol? Just asking for when the SWMBO asks...
In again
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The Press Newspaper
The Press Newspaper
OREGON – Unknown suspect(s) set off firecrackers on porch in the 3400 block of Worden Rd., and destroyed flowers on July 4.
• Unknown suspect took unfilled script from a console in a vehicle in the 2500 block of Olivewood Ave., on July 4.
• Unknown suspect entered a vehicle in the 3900 block of Yeager Wy and stole a wallet on July 2.
• Unknown suspect entered a home in the 2100 block of Momany St., and took jewelry on July 6.
• Unknown suspect broke a vent window in a semi in the 3000 block of Navarre Ave., and stole company fuel card on July 6.
• Unknown suspect broke a window on a truck in the 3000 block of Navarre Ave., and stole a GPS, TV, CB radio, and chargers, on July 6.
• Unknown suspect broke a window in a vehicle in the 1000 block of Isaac Streets Dr., and stole a purse on July 8.
• Unknown suspect stole a plastic toy car from a driveway in the 2000 block of Blandin St., on July 8.
• Unknown suspect keeps calling victim in the 1700 block of Mahala St., and demanding money, then gets hostel, on July 8.
• Unknown suspect(s) entered an unlocked vehicle in the 300 block of Torch Dr., and took an amplifier and speakers on July 9.
• Suspects entered a locked building with a key in the 1800 block of Ashcroft Dr., and took cash from an unlocked safe on July 9.
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645479596 [{"id":"27","title":"More","votes":"0","pct":0,"type":"x","order":"1","resources":[]},{"id":"28","title":"Less","votes":"2","pct":66.67,"type":"x","order":"2","resources":[]},{"id":"29","title":"The same","votes":"1","pct":33.33,"type":"x","order":"3","resources":[]}] ["#194e84","#3b6b9c","#1f242a","#37414a","#60bb22","#f2babb"] sbar 160 160 /component/communitypolls/vote/12-christmas-spending No answer selected. Please try again. Thank you for your vote. Answers Votes


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The invention covers the field of positioning of small particles (58, 59) in a fluid (55). Disclosed is a method by which small particles (58, 59) are positioned by a sound field. For generating the sound field an apparatus contains a plate (51) excited to vibrations by a transducer (52) and a reflecting body with a rigid surface (54). A mounting (53) holds the vibrating plate (51) and the transducer (52). The particles will be concentrated at predetermined positions either at the rigid surface of the reflecting body (58) or levitating in the fluid (59). Due to the fact that the sound waves are emitted by the vibrating plate particles can be positioned in entire area between the vibrating plate and the reflecting body.
1. A method for controlled positioning of particles surrounded by a fluid using acoustic forces, which comprises the steps of:
providing a plate excited to vibrate as a body;
exciting the body with a transducer to produce bending vibrations of the body;
emitting acoustic waves into the fluid by a surface movement of the body; and
reflecting the acoustic waves off of a surface of other bodies for forming a sound field in which the acoustic forces appear;
the providing step providing a triangular plate as the plate excited to bending vibrations; and
the exciting step including exciting the triangular plate with the transducer being a single transducer so that plate waves are reflected by two edges of the triangular plate.
2. The method according to
3. A method for controlled positioning of particles surrounded by a fluid using acoustic forces, the method comprising the steps of:
exciting a body with a transducer at a first frequency to produce vibrations of the body and, then, exciting the body with the transducer at a second frequency different from the first frequency to produce vibrations of the body;
emitting acoustic waves into the fluid by a surface movement of the body; and
reflecting the acoustic waves off of a surface of other bodies for forming a sound field in which the acoustic forces appear.
4. The method according to
5. The method of
6. A method for controlled positioning of particles surrounded by a liquid, using acoustic forces, the method comprising the steps of:
exciting a body with a transducer at a first frequency to produce vibrations of the body and, then, exciting the body with the transducer at a second frequency different from the first frequency to produce vibrations of the body;
emitting acoustic waves into the liquid by a surface movement of the body; and
reflecting the acoustic waves off of a surface of other bodies for forming a sound field in which the acoustic forces appear.
The invention is related to a method of non-contact separation, concentration, positioning and micromanipulation of small particles by acoustic forces in a fluid.
The handling of small particles is necessary in numerous fields, for instance in microtechnology for the assembly of components, in biotechnology for the manipulation of cells or in chemistry for dealing with small quantities of chemicals. However, in the sub-millimeter range arise many problems that do not occur or are unimportant in the larger scale: in the humidity of the normal atmosphere particles stick to the instruments due to capillary forces or components of a mechanism in sub-millimeter scale have structures on it which might be damaged when touched with conventional tweezers. This and similar problems can be avoided by using non-contact manipulation, where non-contact does not necessarily mean without contact to any material at all but without contact to solid instruments. As examples electrostatic manipulation or optical trapping shall be mentioned.
A major field where acoustical forces are used concerns acoustical filters. Two phases, where at least one is liquid or gaseous, are separated from each other. Usually a standing ultrasound wave is generated and particles are concentrated at certain locations in the standing wave depending on their material properties and outer forces. The frequency of the acoustical wave lies generally in the megahertz-range. To excite the ultrasound almost every application uses piezo-electric transducers in general driven at the resonance frequency. The European Patent Application EP 0 633 049 A1 introduces such a method using a stacked transducer consisting of a piezo-electric layer. When the particles are concentrated at predetermined positions they can be removed from the fluid. This can be achieved when the direction of the planes where the particles are collected and the direction of the flow of the cleared fluid are oblique to each other like described in the European Patent Application EP 0 380 194 A1. Another method introduces U.S. Pat. No. 4,983,189, where the particles are moved by using a beat frequency to excite the ultrasound.
Applications for acoustic filtering often get by with simple standing waves. However to use ultrasonic forces for manipulation or positioning of particles a more complicated sound field is required. It might be spatially two- or three-dimensional or its excitation might be amplitude- or phase-modulated. For example in the U.S. Pat. No. 4,736,815 an apparatus is described for levitating an object acoustically. The object is placed in a container whose length is changed accordingly to the excitation frequency. The disadvantage is that the object can only be positioned in this special container.
An apparatus with a two-dimensional ultrasound field in a fluid is introduced in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,006,266. Two one-dimensional ultrasound beams intersect each other with an arbitrary angle. The beams are formed either by one or two transducers per beam or by reflection of an ultrasound beam on a plane surface. Particles suspended in the fluid are concentrated at predetermined positions in the sound field. These positions can be changed either by displacing the liquid or by displacing the array of intersecting nodal fronts.
A modulated excitation of the ultrasound is explained in the European Patent Application EP 0 773 055 A2. In the fluid superposed ultrasound beams of different amplitudes, frequencies and phase are generated to produce an arbitrary-shaped spatial distribution of the potential energy. A plane surface with particles on it is placed in such an ultrasound beam parallel to its propagation direction. The spatial distribution of the potential energy has a rectangular shape. This shall force the particles to locations where the potential energy has its minima and arrange them in lines. However, the force acting on particles does not depend on the amplitude of the potential energy but on its gradient. Therefore a rectangular shaped energy distribution, as suggested in EP 0 773 055 A2, will only create a force field which is almost everywhere zero. It is only non-zero at this points where the rectangular energy distribution has a step.
In order to excite an ultrasound field capable to manipulate particles the inventors of U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,055,859 and 6,216,538 B1 use a plurality of ultrasound transducers, functioning independently of each other. The resulting sound field is a superposition of the sound field from each of the transducers. To form a sound field that traps and moves particles a complex control device is necessary. Each transducer needs its own excitation signal, differing in time, amplitude and wave form.
A method to trap a particle with two focused ultrasound beams was introduced by J. R. Wu ("Acoustical Tweezers", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 1991; Vol. 89, Iss. 5, pp. 2140-2143). The ultrasound beams are generated by piezo shells. The particle can be moved by either tuning the frequency of the excitation or by moving the transducers.
The aim of the present invention is to provide a method for the micromanipulation of small particles, which allows separation, concentration or positioning of particles in one, two or three dimensions. Furthermore, an apparatus to carry out the method should be less complicated and the necessary control device can be simplified.
The present invention provides a method for positioning small particles.
Due to the method steps, that
Further advantageous embodiments of the present invention are set out in the dependent claims.
In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the following definitions are introduced:
To be able to trap and move a particle in two or three dimensions in a designated manner an ultrasound field is necessary that is also two- or three-dimensional. The principles of the prior art mentioned above generate the required ultrasound field with considerable effort. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method with which it is easily possible to excite an ultrasound field that is capable of trapping and positioning particles suspended in a fluid.
General explanation: The setup comprises a solid body (in the following called vibrating plate) that is mechanically excited in such a manner that at least one of its surfaces vibrates and emits sound waves into a fluid, another body (in the following called reflecting body) that is not excited on purpose to mechanical vibrations whose surface is placed opposite to the vibrating body to reflect the sound waves and the said fluid that fills the gap between these two bodies. A one-dimensional surface vibration (of a plate vibrating one-dimensionally) will produce a two dimensional sound field in the fluid and a two-dimensional surface vibration a three-dimensional sound field. Particles suspended in the fluid will be concentrated at predetermined positions in the fluid according to the distribution of the force potential in the fluid. It is possible to concentrate and to position particles that are in contact with the surface of the reflecting body or to let particles levitate freely at predetermined positions in the fluid. By changing the force potential in the fluid the particles change their position and can be moved. The particles must have material properties, such as density or speed of sound, that are generally different from the fluid; this condition is fulfilled for almost all material combinations of fluid and particle.
Excitation: The plate is excited to vibrations by a transducer and both are held by a mounting. It is also possible that the transducer is only in contact with the mounting that operates in this case as a wave guide and conducts mechanical vibrations between the transducer and the plate. The transducer may consist of a piezo-electric ceramics or a SAW-device (SAW means surface acoustic wave). The reflecting body, that is not externally excited, may be attached to the vibrating plate or the mounting or it may not be connected to it.
Excitation frequency: It is obvious that an excitation frequency which is close to the resonance frequency of the full apparatus, consisting of the vibrating plate, the fluid and the reflecting body, is most suitable. However the frequency must not fully coincident with the resonance frequency, it can even differ strongly. As an example it will be sufficient that the frequency is chosen to be accordant to the resonant frequency of the vibrating plate.
Functionality: With this invention particles surrounded by a fluid can be trapped at predetermined locations and than be positioned in this fluid. It is possible to move the particles in one or two dimensions parallel to the mentioned surfaces. The particles can be in contact with one of the surfaces or they can be trapped at predetermined positions between the two surfaces.
Advantages and comparison to other solutions: The advantage of this invention lies in the simplicity of the apparatus and the easy usability. Unlike most of the existing solutions the apparatus consists of a small number of components. As the operation of the apparatus is not very sensitive to the excitation frequency, a change in the resonance frequency, which could occur during the use, will not affect the usability. In most cases, it will be therefore sufficient to run the apparatus with a single time-constant frequency. To manipulate particles on a surface the height of the fluid gap is not very important.
As it was mentioned above the reflecting body is not necessarily a part of the apparatus and in this case the invention consists only of the vibrating plate, a transducer and the mounting. This device can then be placed opposite to any surface on which particles shall be manipulated. This solves the problem that many inventions can only be run in a special environment.
Physical Basics: Early theoretical investigations on acoustical forces with good qualitative and quantitative agreement to later experiments were done by L. V. King in his publication on the forces on a rigid sphere in a sound field ("On the Acoustic Radiation Pressure on Spheres", Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 1934; Vol. 147, Iss. pp. 212-240) and later by K. Yosioka and Y. Kawasima who investigated the force on compressible spheres ("Acoustic Radiation Pressure on a Compressible Sphere", Acustica 1955; Vol. 5, Iss. pp. 167-173). Due to the limitations of the given formulas to plane sound waves we will refer to the publication of L. P. Gorkov ("Forces Acting on a Small Particle in an Acoustic Field within an Ideal Fluid", Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 1961; Vol. 140, Iss. 1, pp 88 et sqq.). The mean force <F> on a spherical particle in an arbitrary sound field is calculated from the potential of forces <U> as
Sound field and force distribution:
A standing two-dimensional sound field 27 is schematically diagrammed in
As an example it shall be assumed that the height of the fluid layer h is three quarter of the vertical wave length in the fluid (
The force potential according to this example for a glass sphere in water is shown in
It is also possible to vary the distance h between the vibrating plate and the reflecting body (
In the previous description is was assumed that the fluid layer is coplanar, that means that the surface that emits the sound wave and the surface that reflects it are parallel to each other. However it is also possible to allow an angular deviation between these two surfaces so that the fluid is wedge shaped. For instance it is possible to change the position of the particles by changing this angle.
Excitation of the vibrations: Depending on whether the particles shall be positioned in one or two directions the vibrating plate 51, 61 has to be excited to one- or two-dimensional vibrations. In this case one- or two-dimensional vibrations means that in the plate standing or propagating waves appear in one or two directions. (The movement of the plate itself is then two- or three-dimensional.)
The vibrating plate 61 in
The mentioned transducers may be made of piezoelectric material. Another possibility is shown in
Mounting: A device 81 and method to hold the vibrating plate and the transducer is shown in
Referring to
The preferred embodiment can be used for the optically controlled manipulation of small particles for instance with a microscope. When the vibrating plate 91, 101 or 111 is made of a transparent material like glass the particles can be observed while they are manipulated or positioned by one of the described methods. For example, the mounting can be connected to a two-dimensional translation stage that moves the mounting 94, 104 or 113.
To be able to move particles between the discrete positions where they are concentrated by the sound field it is possible to let the fluid flow temporarily. This should be coordinated with a variation of the sound field. In the upper illustration of
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Holtby has high hopes for the season
Machine Generated Transcript
CSN Washington dot com. -- sports net central update. Everybody Julie Donaldson -- Geico sports that central update other caps season is just around the corner and despite the fact that the caps have made the playoffs. And the last six years players are always improving themselves and the quest for a cup still -- since -- -- Braden will be and Nicholas Baxter and another offseason preparations. When you look at your game. And just and I know you're very interest active as far as what you want to improve upon what things did you work on in this off season. To improve upon for this year. Yes some some minor changes just trying to adapt with the game a little more and you know it says the main Lorenzo's consistency that's those who'd normally have to keep keep improving on them and going. Couple. So small trees here I wanna keep it keep improving obviously half season under Adams system the first puck handling is. Was good but I think we can do wonders if we keep working at it and there's they'll be constant improvement I think. What was your. A focus as far as hockey goes this offseason and and what you wanted to accomplish this year. Well I was one of the deal faster some -- working hard and during the summer those sort of like number one. -- and so I mean that's. That's the throws and doing. Sorry that's been -- from here on Comcast sports -- it is Angela Donaldson. For CSN Washington dot com. CSN Washington dot com.


text:
Chipping away at Lance Armstrong's bulletproof veneer
CYCLING:David Walsh spent years doggedly searching for the truth behind the cyclist's heroic image, and his story is a fascinating read
Seven Deadly Sins: My Pursuit of Lance Armstrong, by David Walsh, Simon & Schuster, 426pp, £14.99
For many years he was polished and in control before the cameras, delivering his message with a practised charisma. Things were markedly different during Lance Armstrong's confessional with Oprah Winfrey last week. The Texan had chosen the talk-show host as the conduit for the message he had to tell the American people: okay, despite what I said before, I doped . . . but I had to do it, I was on a mission to bring hope, and the sport gave me no choice.
Armstrong had enjoyed a warm reception during his previous appearances on her programme, and, maybe thinking back to a somewhat soft interview with the runner Marion Jones after she was exposed for doping, the Texan believed that he would be in the driving seat.
Winfrey had other ideas. Stung perhaps by his previous insistence that he was clean and also by the scepticism on Twitter and other forums that she was the right person for the job, she and her researchers worked hard to prepare for the programme. It wasn't quite 60 Minutes, but she posed enough solid questions to leave Armstrong shaken.
Admitting doping, and lying, at the very outset of the broadcast, he sought to spin the message as best he could. However, Armstrong really dropped the ball when it came to the subject of Betsy Andreu. The wife of his former team-mate Frankie Andreu, she had been one of his most outspoken critics for many years and testified under oath that she had heard him admit doping to the doctors treating his cancer back in 1996.
Choosing not to confirm that she had been right about the hospital-room confession all along, Armstrong sought instead to play down years of insults aimed in her direction. "I did call her crazy," he admitted to Winfrey. "I think she'd be okay with me saying this . . . I told her: 'I called you crazy, I called you a bitch, I called you all these things . . . but I never called you fat.'"
Delivered with a slight smile, this may have been an attempt by Armstrong to lighten the moment, but Winfrey was not impressed by his flippancy, nor by his admission of bullying. She pushed him for the remainder of the interview, and when the full two and a half hours had been shown, Armstrong's reputation was in ruins.


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Organizers of the 2015 Empire State Winter Games have announced that athlete registration is now open on the event website. Competitors and teams are asked to log on to www.empirestatewintergames.com to officially enter the winter sport festival. Over 1,400 athletes participated in 2014.
The annual winter games will begin with a torch run through the northern region on February 4th and 5th, culminating at the Olympic Center in Lake Placid, site of the Opening Ceremony and Parade of Athletes. The gathering of competitors will occur February 5th at 6 pm in the Herb Brooks Arena, and will feature the keynote address by 1994 United States figure skating Olympian Karen Courtland-Kelly of Lake Placid. » Continue Reading.


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Organ Recital with Nathan Skinner
Presented by Park Street Church
May 10, 2013
The public is cordially invited to attend a free organ recital being held this Friday evening, May 10th at 7:30 PM at Park Street Church in downtown Boston. The Church's organist Nathan Skinner will be performing works by Bach, Mendelssohn, Rheinberger and Ives on the church's recently restored Aeolian-Skinner organ. A pre-concert demonstration for children begins at 6:45 PM.
Park Street Church
One Park Street
Boston, MA 02108
Admission Info:
General Day and Time Info:
6:45 PM: Children's Program 7:30 PM: Concert
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State News
Southeast Missouri boater recovering from facial injuries
Hershel Knuckles struck a low-hanging tree branch while boating on Saturday. He underwent surgery and has since been released from Saint Francis Medical Center in Cape Girardeau.
Midwest storms spawn tornadoes
Strong storms tore through the Midwest Wednesday, bringing tornadoes and flooding with them.
Missouri to get nearly $19 million in storm damage grants
Missouri-based electric cooperatives and the Missouri Department of Transportation will use the money for projects including debris removal and repairing electrical transmission systems damaged by winter storms in late January.
UPDATE: Chrysler to reopen St. Louis assembly plant
The automaker will restart operations at 7 plants on June 29 after they were shut down in May when the company entered Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
Missouri GOP files ethics complaints against Carnahan
The Missouri Republican Party filed complaints claiming Democratic U.S. Senate candidate Robin Carnahan failed to include her husband's business on financial disclosure statements.
Missouri chief justice claims successes despite controversies
Despite a crisis in public defender funding and controversy regarding Missouri's method of selecting judges, outgoing Supreme Court Chief Justice Laura Denvir Stith sees certain successes.
Nixon seeks bonding proposal for building projects
The proposal comes in the wake of the failure of a measure that would have paid for $700 million in college and university improvements by issuing bonds.
Schaefer rallying support for cancer hospital
State Sen. Kurt Schaefer said he has heard from from "several people in positions to know" that the governor will veto funding for the hospital.
John Brown's legacy hasn't changed, but America has, some historians say
Americans observe the complexities of a controversial historical icon.
Missouri attorney general asks for execution date for racial killer
Missouri Attorney General Chris Koster on Tuesday called for the scheduling of an execution date for the man convicted of several racially motivated killings in the 1970s, including that of a man leaving a suburban St. Louis synagogue.
Missouri court rules previous convicts must join sex offender registry
Missouri sex offenders convicted before the 1995 creation of the state's sex offender registry must still register with the state, Missouri's highest court ruled Tuesday.
Missouri average on gains from clean energy push
Job growth in Missouri's "clean energy" sector has outperformed overall employment and the industry brought in $25 million in venture capital from 2006 through 2008, a national study states. Still, Missouri is average on a national scale.
Missouri Sen. Purgason pondering U.S. Senate bid in 2010
Southern Missouri state Sen. Chick Purgason said he believes there is mounting frustration with the federal debt and spending.
Missouri fishing records falling at fast pace
The two most recent record-size fish were a shorthead redhorse caught at Truman Lake and a smallmouth buffalo caught by a bowfisher at the Duck Creek Conservation Area.
15 Missouri weather disaster projects get grant money
The $9.6 million in Community Development Block Grants will be used for projects involving flood and tornado damage.
Earthquake monitors headed to Missouri
Missouri University of Science and Technology is overseeing a federal initiative that involves placing 40 seismic monitors around Missouri and Iowa.
Teen suspected of setting boy on fire
A Poplar Bluff teen was arrested on suspicion of lighting another boy on fire. The injured boy was in good condition at a St. Louis-area hospital.
St. Louis' Gateway Arch to offer discounts this weekend
The National Park Service will offer $3 discounts on visits to the Arch and related destinations this weekend.
DNR tells Sedalia to fix sewers
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources wants the city of Sedalia to fix its problems with sewer overflow. The town has seven years to do so.
Midwest storms cause flooding, spawn 2 tornadoes
A separate storm system that cut a wide swath across Kansas, Nebraska and Missouri knocked out power, damaged buildings and led to flash flooding. The National Weather Service said that two tornadoes that touched down in central and western Nebraska caused little damage.


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Logitech LS11 2.0 Stereo Speaker System for $10 + free shipping
TigerDirect via eBay offers the Logitech LS11 Multimedia Stereo Speaker System, model no. 980-000048, for $9.99 with free shipping. That's the same price as last week's mention of a refurb and the lowest total price we could find for a new unit by $3. These speakers feature 6 watts of peak power, 2" metallic drivers, an auxiliary input jack, and headphone jack.
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Promotion Terms & Conditions
- There is a limit of one coupon per order.
- Offer expires 11/24/2014 at 11:59AM ET.
- On sale items, NFL, MLB and NHL jerseys, World Series Championship Locker Room apparel, Nike Holiday Fleece, NFL Salute to Service apparel, MLB and NFL on field headwear, NASCAR die-cast, Under Armour apparel, and select memorabilia are excluded from promotion.
Main Content
- Cleaning cloth included
- Durable screen protector included
- Easy access to ports & controls
- Embossed screen print graphics
- Flexible, premium "cashmere" silicone
- Imported
- Officially licensed Seminoles iPhone 4 case
Special event items are produced by manufacturers only after the outcome of a game or event. These are advanced sale items and will ship immediately after they are received in our warehouse.
Manufacturer direct items are shipped directly from the manufacturer. These items are not available for international or expedited shipping.
Customized items can be personalized with options such as your name, your favorite number, and/or designs. Some options may be limited by league rules.


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Police: Mom Accidentally Hired a Cop Instead of a Hit Man
A Pennsylvania mom whose only crimes were caring too much and allegedly giving an undercover cop money to murder someone sadly will not be enjoying Thanksgiving at home this year. »
A Pennsylvania mom whose only crimes were caring too much and allegedly giving an undercover cop money to murder someone sadly will not be enjoying Thanksgiving at home this year. »
Not even the pomp and ritual of the White House can overcome the most powerful force known to man: TEEN CONTEMPT. »
Yesterday twelve U.S. Congressmen signed, sealed, and delivered a letter (embedded below) to members of the European Parliament lobbying their counterparts to leave Google alone. According to the Financial Times, at least three letters from American legislators were sent as part of a "rare and concerted public… »
Animal rights campaigners in Switzerland would appreciate it if the three percent of the country's population that eats domestic cats and dogs would kindly stop eating them, the BBC reports. »
Tonight's the night, the last night of the week before the holiday bullshit starts. On the one hand you want to make it count, but on the other hand isn't this kind of your Friday? Who wants to go out—the answer is nobody. So let's bundle up, rest up, see what's on the ol' snoozebox before the real toils begin. »
Creed has sold something like 30 million albums in the United States, but today lead singer Scott Stapp revealed that he is "penniless" and living in a Holiday Inn. »
Gathering around the television to watch football is almost as much of a Thanksgiving tradition as eating half your body weight in turkey and stuffing. The weather can be a make-or-break factor in football games, but will it make a difference this Thanksgiving? »
I remember sitting at the table with my parents, my father's parents and his brother, my mother's sister, and a couple of other people whose exact connection to our family I was too young to glean. The only image of Thanksgiving I had at the time, it became quickly became the ideal for the holiday, which all others… »
On the latest episode of Late Night With Seth Meyers, the 131-part television documentary about Seth Meyers' time at Saturday Night Live, guy who makes that face Jason Sudeikis got a chance to see his favorite old, unproduced SNL sketch finally make it to air. »
A proper rite of passage when traveling through America's lavish airport system is pushing a hot, thick Cinnabon in your craw as you "run" pathetically to catch your flight. At times of desperation, like when the Burger King is out of BK Chicken Fries™ and an unripe banana™ simply won't do, Cinnabon is a jetsetter's… »
At a September townhall meeting in Harlem, Carl Dix, a longtime Uptown fixture and mouthpiece, stood before the microphone in the auditorium of the Schomburg Center and called for mass rebellion. "It's going to take a revolution," he said, "nothing less, to end this and the horrors of the system once and for all." »
Every November, media types, ourselves included, trot out the trope that spending time with family during Thanksgiving is necessarily a difficult thing. Your sister is hateful, your uncles are racist, your nana's candied yams are a brutal, sunset-hued chore to be endured. Today, we meet the saddest victim of these… »
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Video information
This lively RSA Animate, adapted from Dan Pink's talk at the RSA, illustrates the hidden truths behind what really motivates us at home and in the workplace.
Watch the full lecture here.
Find out more about the RSA at http://www.thersa.org
Join the RSA on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/thersaorg
I learnt from this excellent video presentation about the three factors that lead to better performance and personal satisfaction:
- autonomy, or the desire to be self-directed to engage in doing something, enabling us to be creative in our own space and at our own time
- mastery, or the urge to get better at stuff, as we experience fun and satisfaction without any need for money, fame or credit card
- purpose, or a sense of calling to do voluntary work to help and serve others without any need or desire for monetary reward
I also believe that humans can be motivated by altruism and compassion instead of business transactions to invent and implement things outside of the money system, such as in the resource-based system or indigenous societies that practise a communal and egalitarian culture and lifestyle, where resources are shared freely and generously in the community.
Related link
Is It Really Money That Motivates Us? The Science Will Surprise You! (VIDEO)
"Currently in social media we're hearing a lot of female cries for understanding from the rest of the world for what it feels like to live in fear. This particular fear of which we speak pertains to being catcalled on the streets, routinely objectified, intimidated at work, harassed in public spaces, threatened for having a strong voice and raped, among other complaints.
If you've been watching the whole mess, you've also noticed a brute backlash from many men who are confused as to why they should have to pay any attention at all to these fears. An example might be say, allowing a female to ride alone on an elevator so she doesn't have to worry about you, a big or powerful strange man that could be really nice or really not so nice. Who knows?
And yet this scenario still provides the challenge for us all to balance our own masculine and feminine energies within, which can then manifest in a more respectful, harmonious world without. How does this happen? I'd say it's through simple awareness. Awakening to the reality of what's really going on here can naturally result in more empathy, understanding, sensitivity and respect in our relationships. It doesn't take a bunch of money or brute strength to accomplish this – only enlightenment. And maybe that's what this existence is all about anyway.
So it is what it is. These unconscious social discriminations are the natural challenges of life that make our evolving existence the adventure that it is. We can't blame the victims. And yet it isn't even the men's fault because it's an invisible social structure created by mental programming that most of us are born and raised in. It is both everyone's fault and nobody's fault. It is the current world in which we live."
- Elizabeth Dahl Kingery
(Read the full post here.)
"Awareness is half the battle when it comes to sleep, both because most of us underestimate the costs of getting too little and because of the extraordinary value of getting enough. This recognition is the first step in making more sleep a priority.
IF you're not getting enough sleep, you almost certainly need to go to bed earlier, given that you likely don't have the option of waking up later than you already do. The key to sleep is to be relaxed, something that is increasingly difficult to achieve given the pressure of our daily lives. One obvious alternative is to use sleep aids. Every form of sleep medication has its drawbacks, from limited hours of effectiveness, to leaving us feeling groggy in the morning, to being addictive. Alcohol, the most common form of self-medication when it comes to sleep, is likewise a double-edge sword. Because it acts initially as a sedative, it does induce sleep, and nearly 30 percent of insomniacs use alcohol at least occasionally to help them fall asleep. But alcohol is also metabolized rapidly by the body, which can lead to physiological withdrawal symptoms in the middle of the night, including frequent awakenings, shallow sleep, and less overall sleep time. In simple terms, the less alcohol you drink and the earlier you drink it, the more deeply you're likely to sleep through the night.
The best way to fall asleep naturally is to begin quieting down at least thirty to sixty minutes before you turn out the lights. That means avoiding anything stimulating as you get closer to your bedtime – e-mailing and the Internet, mystery novels, highly charged conversations – in favour of whatever you find relaxing: drinking a glass of milk or herbal tea, taking a bath or a shower, listening to music, or even reading a dull book.
Because feeling relaxed is so critical to sleep, it can also be helpful to intentionally "park" your anxieties before you turn out the lights. This simple technique involves writing down what you're worrying about in a notebook or on a piece of paper. For many of our clients, this strategy has proven to be a surprisingly powerful means of temporarily setting aside concerns that otherwise keep them awake. By writing down what's on your mind, you effectively give your brain permission to release it from conscious awareness. The same technique can be used when you wake up in the middle of the night, begin to ruminate, and have trouble getting back to sleep.
Setting a specific bedtime is especially critical, because without one, we tend to default back quickly to whatever time we're used to going to sleep or simply stay up until we feel tired. Once the lights are out, one effective way to relax is deep breathing and progressive relaxation – tightening and releasing muscles throughout your body, starting with your toes and working your way up. For obvious reasons, we sleep better in environments that are dark and quiet. It also helps to sleep in a cool room, which allows the body temperatures to drop, as it's meant to do during sleep. If you have any doubt about the value of a cool room, think about what it's like to try to sleep on a hot summer night.
Peter Goettler, who headed investment banking at Barclays Capital until 2008, spent most of his working life feeling sleep-deprived. When that's the case, it's nearly always where we begin our work. Goettler went to sleep most nights between 11 pm and midnight and awoke around 5 am, scarcely an unusual sleep pattern for many of our clients. When Goettler got out of bed, he had the first of several cups of coffee to jack himself up. During the day, he often yo-yoed between feeling jittery and tired, especially in the late afternoons.
After working with us, Goettler decided to build a ritual in which he went to bed at 10 pm, got up half an hour later in the morning, and stopped drinking coffee altogether. Almost immediately, he was successful in going to bed earlier. At first, he reported that he found himself waking up earlier and therefore sleeping the same number of hours he always had. It's a pattern we've often seen: the body can become deeply habituated even to sleeping patterns that leave us feeling tired.
We suggested that when he woke up, Goettler simply lie quietly in bed, relaxing as best he could and effectively giving his body permission to sleep longer. Even if it didn't work immediately, he'd be getting more rest. After a week or so, he did begin sleeping longer. The extended sleep was transformative for him. "I was more rested, I felt better, I thought more clearly, I got less tired as the day wore on, and I had more energy when I got home," he told us. "I never would have believed an hour more of sleep could make such a difference." Adequate sleep, we're convinced, sets the stage for taking more control of every other part of our lives."
(From Chapter 5 Sleep or Die, "Be Excellent at Anything: The Four Keys To Transforming the Way We Work and Live" (formerly known as "The Way We're Working isn't Working: the Four Forgotten Needs that Energize Great Performance" by Tony Schwartz)
"I bless the night that nourished my heart
To set the ghosts of longing free
Into the flow and figure of dream
That went to harvest from the dark
Bread for the hunger no one sees.
All that is eternal in me
Welcome the wonder of this day,
The field of brightness it creates
Offering time for each thing
To arise and illuminate.
I place on the altar of dawn:
The quiet loyalty of breath,
The tent of thought where I shelter,
Wave of desire I am shore to
And all beauty drawn to the eye.
May my mind come alive today
To the invisible geography
That invites me to new frontiers,
To break the dead shell of yesterdays,
To risk being disturbed and changed.
May I have the courage today
To live the life that I would love,
To postpone my dream no longer
But do at last what I came here for
And waste my heart on fear no more."
~ John O'Donohue ~
"A Morning Offering" – Benedictus (To Bless The Space Between Us.
In this inspiring poem, John O'Donohue has so eloquently expressed the silent prayer of our heart, our inner longing to be increasingly free from the ghosts of yesteryears as we continue to welcome the wonder of this day with all its brightness and beauty.
"When we begin to breathe mindfully and listen to our bodies, we become aware of feelings of suffering that we've been ignoring. We hold these feelings in our bodies as well as our minds. Our suffering has been trying to communicate with us, to let us know it is there, but we have spent a lot of time and energy ignoring it.
When we begin to breathe mindfully, feelings of loneliness, sadness, fear, and anxiety may come up. When that happens, we don't need to do anything right away. We can just continue to follow our in-breath and our out-breath. We don't tell our fear to go away; we recognise it. We don't tell our anger to go away, we acknowledge it. These feelings are like a small child tugging at our sleeves. Pick them up and hold them tenderly. Acknowledging our feelings without judging them or pushing them away, embracing them with mindfulness, is an act of homecoming.
Our suffering reflects the suffering of the world. Discrimination, exploitation, poverty, and fear cause a lot of suffering in those around us. Our suffering also reflects the suffering of others. We may be motivated by the desire to do something to help relieve the suffering in the world. How can we do that without understanding the nature of suffering? If we understand our own suffering, it will become much easier for us to understand the suffering of others and of the world. We may have the intention to do something or be someone that can help the world suffer less, but unless we can listen to and acknowledge our own suffering, we will not really be able to help.
The amount of suffering inside us and around us can be overwhelming. Usually we don't like to be in touch with it because we believe it's unpleasant. The marketplace provides us with everything imaginable to help us run away from ourselves. We consume all these products in order to ignore and cover up the suffering in us. Even if we're not hungry, we eat. When we watch television, even if the program isn't very good, we don't have the courage to turn it off, because we know that when we turn it off we may have to go back to ourselves and get in touch with the suffering inside. We consume not because we need to consume but because we're afraid of encountering the suffering inside us.
But there is a way of getting in touch with the suffering without being overwhelmed by it. We try to avoid suffering, but suffering is useful. We need suffering. Going back to listen and understand our suffering brings about the birth of compassion and love. If we take the time to listen deeply to our own suffering, we will be able to understand it. Any suffering that has not been released and reconciled will continue. Until it has been understood and transformed, we carry with us not just our own suffering but also that of our parents and our ancestors. Getting in touch with suffering that has been passed down to us helps us understand our own suffering. Understanding suffering gives rise to compassion. Love is born, and right away we suffer less. If we understand the nature and the roots of our suffering, the path leading to the cessation of the suffering will appear in front of us. Knowing there is a way out, a path, brings us relief, and we no longer need to be afraid.
Understanding suffering always brings compassion. If we don't understand suffering, we don't understand happiness. If we know how to take good care of suffering, we will know how to take good care of happiness. We need suffering to grow happiness. The fact is that suffering and happiness always go together. When we understand suffering, we will understand happiness. If we know how to handle suffering, we will know how to handle happiness and produce happiness.
If a lotus is to grow, it needs to be rooted in the mud. Compassion is born from understanding suffering. We all should learn to embrace our own suffering, to listen to it deeply, and to have a deep look into its nature. In doing so, we allow the energy of love and compassion to be born. When the energy of compassion is born, right away we suffer less. When we suffer less, when we have compassion for ourselves, we can more easily understand the suffering of another person and of the world. Then our communication with others will be based on the desire to understand rather than the desire to prove ourselves right or make ourselves feel better. We will have only the intention to help."
- Thich Nhat Hanh, "The Art of Communicating"
"I spoke about our relationships as flowers that need watering with love and communication to grow… we all need a friend to remind us…. Nourishing and healing communication is the food of our relationships…. We may not even know what we said or did that started to poison the relationship. But we have the antidote: mindful compassion and loving communication. Love, respect, and friendship all need food to survive. With mindfulness we can produce thoughts, speech, and actions that will feed our relationships and help them grow and thrive."
- Thich Nhat Hanh, "The Art of Communicating"


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1-2 of 2 houses for sale found
5 bedroom detached house for sale Cleeve Wood Road, Frenchay
A stunning detached Grade II listed former Mill House in a picturesque river setting with approximately 1.8 acres of beautiful mature gardens. Running along the driveway are 4 stone built former workers cottages ripe for renovation subject to the necessary planning consents. More details ›
£575,000 Offers in Region of
Offers in Region of £575,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale Old Gloucester Road,Frenchay,Bristol,BS16
Attractive detached executive style house, constructed in 1986 and comprising; hall, cloakroom, study/bedroom 5, lounge, dining room, kitchen, utility, conservatory, bathroom, 4 bedrooms & en suite. Other benefits include; double garage, ample parking, gas c/h, d/glazing & well tended gardens. More details ›
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In this week's issue we pay tribute to the legendary Robin Williams, offer exclusive pictures of Kate Moss on holiday, PLUS, we're bringing you the latest features, fashion and beauty right here from Grazia Towers.
Lily Allen's Marriage In the Headlines
Since returning to the spotlight at the beginning of the year, Lily Allen has dominated the headlines. Last week, it was over the state of her marriage. So what's going on?! Grazia lifts the lid on the rumours that just keep on gathering pace.
I've Been Cheated On By Every Boyfriend I've Had
People who've been cheated on once are more likely to have it happen to them again, a new study published last week has found. We talk to a woman who reveals the pain and heartbreak she's suffered having a string of unfaithful partners.
Goodbye Generation Anxiety?
With anxiety at an all-time high and our online lives rapidly taking over our real ones, it's no wonder we're looking to technology to help us get to grips with our busy existences. Nicole Mowbray reports on the latest digital self-help destinations.
Kids Fashion Special
With their A-List mums and dads and high-fashion pedigree, there's a group of children who are photographed almost as much as their famous parents. Our 'who-what-wear' guide will ensure any kiddies in your life so trendy, it hurts!
Portugal, But Not As You Know It
If you are like us and dreaming about a quick sunny escapade, then our insider's guide to Portugal will help you plan a trip to remember. If you're imagining the long, sandy beaches of the Algarve, think again as you're missing many of the country's best bits…trust us!
Our Goodie Giveaway
Every week, we treat one lucky reader to a fabulous giveaway. This week a Rebecca Minkoff Elle Bag could be yours. Worth a cool £353, take your chances and be in it to win it whilst raising money for charity.
Remember to visit www.graziadaily.co.uk/iPad to download the iPad app for your weekly Grazia fix - anytime, anywhere.


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Hello, I'm currently 160 pounds/5'6. I just stopped smoking a week ago (5 years of smoking). And currently on a diet. I am planning on having a breast lift once I reach 143 pounds. I'm 28, & completly terrified of something bad happening during surgery. What are the chances of something bad happening, & what should I know before moving forward? Thnx!
I Stopped Smoking a Week Ago, my Breast Lift Surgery is in 6 Weeks. What Are my Risks?
Doctor Answers (18)
Smoking and breast lift surgery
Hi, the usual recommendation before any surgical procedures on smokers is to stop smoking at least 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after the surgery. different surgeons can have different recommendations but in general this is the minimum amount of time required to decrease your risk of complications down to normal or close to it.
Web reference: http://www.hallakplasticsurgery.com/breast-augmentation-san-diego/
Risks associated with smoking
These are the complications associated with smoking:
Your Breathing
Smokers are more likely to experience breathing problems following surgery than non-smokers (40% compared to 11%) because tobacco smoke damages the lining of the lungs. When the lungs are compromised, they are less efficient in clearing away waste (secretions and particles). This, coupled with the decreased efficacy of a smoker's immune system, can lead to post-operative infections and/or pneumonia.
Your Heart
The nicotine in cigarettes affects nervous systems, leading to faster heart rates (heart stress) and high blood pressure. Combined with the carbon monoxide present in tobacco smoke, a substance that reduces the body's ability to transport oxygen to the heart, smokers become much more susceptible to heart attacks (at a rate of 80% higher than non-smokers). Heart stress is also much more commonly witnessed by anaesthesiologists.
A smoker's compromised immune system leads to a rate of post-operative wound infection that is six times higher than non-smokers.
Fortunately, patients who stop smoking before surgery are able to protect themselves from many of the complications that can occur during their procedure. Taking this precaution reduces surgical risks and may help create a more successful treatment outcome.
Wound repair
Cigarette smoke contains carbon monoxide that reduces the ability of the red blood cells in a smoker's body from transporting oxygen throughout the body. The presence of carbon monoxide in the blood is reduced by half when no cigarettes are smoked for four hours and, better yet, is reduced to a safe level if cigarettes are avoided for eight hours. Stopping smoking before and after surgery helps oxygen to more effectively travel throughout the body, an essential tool in warding off infection and successful wound healing.
Web reference: https://www.edelsteincosmetic.com/learning-centre/cosmetic-surgery/smoking.php
Smoking and surgery
1. There is nicotine in tobacco, but not in marijuana. However, most joints are rolled with marijuana and tobacco combination. Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor that decreases blood flow to the tissues. This is the major problems that can cause a very bad outcome in some surgeries. In a breast augmentation, there is not a lot of risk as there are not a lot of incisions which decrease blood flow to the tissues. In a breast lift or tummy tuck, on the other hand, there is much longer and more involved incisions. The decrease in blood flow to the tissues in combination with the decrease in blood flow from the nicotine can cause tissue to die. This can cause part of the breast or nipple, or in the case of a tummy tuck, part of the belly tissue to die, resulting in a very bad outcome. This is especially bad in breast reductions or face lifts. Marijuana without tobacco does not cause this problem, or marijuana in an edible fashion. Vaporizers do not decrease the amount of nicotine in tobacco, only decrease the smoke.
2. There is carbon monoxide in both tobacco smoke and marijuana smoke. Carbon monoxide decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of hemoglobin in the blood. This is different from the vasoconstrictor effect, but has the same result of having the risk of tissue death in conjunction with surgeries that decrease the blood flow to tissues such as breast lifts and tummy tucks, as opposed to an augmentation alone that does not decrease blood flow to as great of an extent. Again, edible forms of marijuana do not have smoke, and thus carbon monoxide poisoning.
3. Coughing. Both tobacco and marijuana smoke disrupt the lining of the lungs and bronchi and can lead to coughing episodes. Coughing episodes can lead to internal bleeding after surgery that can lead to hematomas and complications, and again a bad outcome. Again, edible forms of marijuana does not have this effect.
4. Anesthesia effects. Marijuana can have drug interactions with certain anesthetic drugs. Thus it is important to tell your anesthesiologist about your marijuana use.
In conclusion, Smoking, whether it be tobacco or marijuana, is detrimental to your surgery outcome. Edible marijuana is much less so, but be honest about your use with your surgeon and anesthesiologist so that you can have the best outcome. In general, you should quite smoking many weeks, ideally 6 weeks before surgery, and not smoke for at least 2 weeks after surgery.
Best wishes,
Pablo Prichard, MD
You might also like...
I stopped smoking a week ago, my breast lift surgery is in 6 weeks. What are my risks?
Typically, we recommend at least 6 weeks of smoking cessation prior to any surgical procedure. Nicotine always increases the risk for infection, nipple necrosis, and wound complications, as well as other health consequences. I would discuss this with your surgeon prior to your procedure. Hope that this helps! Best wishes!
Breast Lift and Smoking
The best available scientific evidence regarding smoking and skin flap survival (in the laboratory animal models) is 4 weeks. Whether 4 weeks is the magical time period to abstain from cigarettes (including nicotine patches) prior to surgery is difficult to quantify.
If you continue to optimise your weight and also avoid nicotine in all its forms then you have done everything to ensure a safe operation. The rest is up to your surgeon and his/her staff.
Hope this helps and good luck.
I Stopped Smoking a Week Ago, my Breast Lift Surgery is in 6 Weeks
In all the lift procedures plastic surgeons perform, the blood supply to the lifted tissue is markedly diminished. Adding the strong decrease in blood flow caused by nicotine's constriction of small blood vessels, contributes to an unacceptable risk of wound healing complications.
Seven weeks of no smoking should leave you near "normal" risk. Most important is the month or so after surgery.
All the best.
Smoking realted complications
Thanks for your question and congratulations on your first week without smoking. If you continue to abstain for the next 4-6 weeks, I do not think you will experience any nicotine related complications. Good luck.
Smoking and Breast Lift Risks?
You should be congratulated on the steps you are taking prior to your breast lift operation. Achieving a long-term stable weight and avoidance of any nicotine products for at least 4 weeks prior to surgery will maximize the chances of a successful outcome.
Nicotine is a powerful constrictor of blood vessels, decreasing blood flow to the "flaps" used during these procedures. This decrease blood flow could potentially lead to wound healing problems and/or tissue necrosis.
Communicate your question regarding the timing of smoking cessation with your plastic surgeon. Best wishes with your upcoming operation.
Web reference: http://www.poustiplasticsurgery.com/Procedures/Procedure_breastLiftAug.htm
Smoking can be disastrous in any type of surgical procedure
Dear Terrie,
Thank you for your question. As long as you don't pick up another cigarette - you are good to go! And please, please abstain from smoking after your procedure as this can be equally disastrous!
Best wishes,
Dr. H
Web reference: http://www.horndeski.com/gallery.aspx
Smoking and breast lift
Thank you for the question, Surgeons differ on the timing to stop smoking before surgery. Usually 4-6weeks is considered a safe period. You to refrain from smoking for anther 4-6 week after surgery and if you can give it up, that will be another good thing for you beside weight loss.
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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10 Steps to Pick the Right Doctor
Whether you need a primary care doctor or a specialist, these 10 steps will ensure you find the right doctor for you. View Slideshow
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Black Dumbolina Elephant T-bar Pointy Flats
Product Code: 570423
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- Easy to wear but effortlessly eclectic, these pointed ballet flats from SW1 are weekend dressing with a tropical twist. The gold-tone elephant's head charm strung on the sweet T-bar adds that inimitable high-fashion feel – we'll be wearing them with our favourite boyfriend jeans for off-duty directional style.
- Black leather T-bar Dumbolina Elephant pointed pumps featuring pointed toe with yellow leather piping, yellow leather T-bar with gold-tone elephant head embellishment charm to front, and a yellow ankle strap with fully adjustable gold-tone buckle fastening.
Leather uppers, leather inners, leather soles.
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"Volvo "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at Volvo full-time (more than 10 years)
Great Benefits, flexible work schedule depending on your manager, opportunity to travel internationally, good vacation
average pay at best, little opportuniity for advancement, too many chiefs not enough indians
too many chiefs - not enough indians; get out of your office and work
86 Other Employee Reviews for Volvo (View Most Recent)Sort: Rating Date
1 person found this helpful
"Nice place to study operations management "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Career Opportunities
I worked at VolvoPros
interesting place to work for, people there are very kind and professional, knows their business and is leading the industryCons
lack some key variables such as communication between different departments, technology applied to manufacturing is high but low on supporting teams like logistics and transportationsAdvice to ManagementAdvice
could be more accessible in terms of communication and providing more cross departments supports, overall a very nice place to work forRecommends
I worked at VolvoPros
You can certainly advance within the Volvo Group e.g. Volvo Parts, Volvo IT, etc. Non Automotive Purchasing is only one organization within Volvo Group.Cons
USA employees have to follow globabl directives. No advancement opportunities within the local organization. Very high focus on cost savings. No bonus.Advice to ManagementAdvice
Trust your employees judgement. Global does not always know what local people know.