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US issues global travel alert, citing-Qaida threat
Updated: 08/02/2013 - The United States is shuttering its embassies and consulates throughout the Muslim world on Sunday after receiving an unspecified threat, officials said.
Updated: 08/02/2013 - The United States is shuttering its embassies and consulates throughout the Muslim world on Sunday after receiving an unspecified threat, officials said.
Posted: 08/02/2013 - Nuclear power has long been a contentious issue in Taiwan and became more so following the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan in 2011.
Posted: 08/01/2013 - The main challenger to Zimbabwe's longtime president, Robert Mugabe, said Thursday the election is "null and void" due to alleged violations in the voting process, but Mugabe has denied vote rigging.
Posted: 08/01/2013 - A Syrian official and opposition activists say several large explosions have rocked regime-held districts in the central city of Homs.
Posted: 08/01/2013 - Thousands of Islamists loyal to Egypt's ousted president are defying a government warning to disband their marathon sit-in protest in Cairo.
Posted: 08/01/2013 - It has been a long and agonizing metamorphosis for Hadar, 34, from being a conflicted Orthodox Jew to a proud religious gay man — and drag queen.
Posted: 07/31/2013 - Lines of voters snaked around a school in Harare, where polling booths opened just after the scheduled time of 7 a.m. Wednesday.
Posted: 07/31/2013 - State-of-the-art TV studios above an ancient Mideast port signal Israel's arrival in a modern media landscape in which countries increasingly seek to broadcast their own perspective to the world.
Posted: 07/31/2013 - The father of National Security Agency leaker Edward Snowden said on Russian television that he is grateful to the Kremlin for protecting his son.
Updated: 07/31/2013 - Secretary of State John Kerry said Israel and the Palestinians were committed to sustained and serious negotiations on the "core issues" that divide them.
Posted: 07/30/2013 - The driver of the train that derailed and killed 79 people in Spain was on the phone and traveling at 95 mph (153 kph) when the crash happened last week, according to a preliminary investigation released Tuesday.
Posted: 07/30/2013 - The European Union's top diplomat says she discussed Egypt's political crisis with deposed President Mohammed Morsi and the need for the country to move forward.
Posted: 07/30/2013 - Silvio Berlusconi's political fate is in the hands of Italy's highest court, which is preparing to hear arguments in the former premier's fraud conviction.
Updated: 07/30/2013 - Diplomats long have stressed the urgency of resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, yet as a new round of Mideast peace talks begins, Secretary of State John Kerry thinks there are more reasons than ever to move quickly.
Posted: 07/30/2013 - In word and deed during his trip to Brazil, Pope Francis put clergy and faithful alike on notice: Get energized, go out and spread the Gospel, give the Roman Catholic Church a more active role in society.
Posted: 07/30/2013 - A Chinese fighter's victory at a Macau showdown brings the world's top casino market a step closer to challenging Las Vegas for dominance of another Sin City staple: big-time boxing matches.
Posted: 07/29/2013 - Pope Francis is reaching out to gays, saying he won't judge priests for their sexual orientation, in a remarkably open and wide-ranging news conference as he returns from his first foreign trip.
Posted: 07/29/2013 - Israeli and Palestinian teams headed to Washington on Monday for preliminary talks on resuming formal negotiations after five years of stalemate.
Posted: 07/29/2013 - Reports said as many as 49 people — mostly Italians — had been aboard the bus when it ripped through a guardrail, then plunged some 30 meters (100 feet) off a viaduct near a wooded area.
Posted: 07/29/2013 - New Zealand said Monday there is no evidence that either the U.S. or the New Zealand military spied on a journalist in Afghanistan who was freelancing for American news organization McClatchy.
Posted: 07/29/2013 - A wave of over a dozen car bombings hit central and southern Iraq during morning rush hour on Monday, officials said, killing at least 47 people in the latest coordinated attack by insurgents.
Posted: 07/29/2013 - A staggering 40 million euro ($53 million) worth of diamonds and other jewels was stolen Sunday from the Carlton Intercontinental Hotel in Cannes, in one of Europe's biggest jewelry heists in recent years.
Posted: 07/25/2013 - A Spanish train that hurtled off the rails and smashed into a security wall as it rounded a bend was going so fast that carriages tumbled off the tracks like dominos, killing 80 people, according to eyewitness accounts and video footage obtained Thursday.
Posted: 07/23/2013 - Prince William and Kate have introduced their newborn baby boy to the world.
Updated: 07/22/2013 - A Brazilian official says the mob scene witnessed as Pope Francis arrived in Rio de Janeiro took place because his driver made a wrong turn.


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A composite member features a unique ply geometry which contributes to improved bending strength. The composite is constructed of a plurality of plies, each comprising a fiber component disposed within a polymer matrix. An inner ply has a fiber component which has fibers which are circumferentially extending. An intermedaite ply has first axially extending fibers which are disposed about the circumference of the composite, as well as second axial fibers which are interwoven with helically oriented fibers and embedded in a polymer matrix. An outer layer is similar to the inner layer as it features circumferentially extending fibers which are embedded in a polymer matrix.
The composite materials may be used to manufacture a wide range of items which require light weight combined with high strength.
1. In a sail mast for a wind-powered sail craft, said mast having means for securing the mast to the sail craft and means for securing a sail to the mast, the improvement comprising a multiple-ply composite structure of fibers and a polymer matrix having
A. at least one inner ply having circumferentially extending fibers disposed in a polymer matrix,
B. at least one intermediate ply having
(i) first axially extending fibers in circumferentially-spaced sets with circumferential gaps between each set of the first fibers,
(ii) second axially extending fibers in circumferentially-spaced sets disposed in said circumferential gaps,
C. helically-oriented fibers interwoven with only one of said sets of first or second axially-extending fibers, and
D. an outer ply having circumferentially extending fibers.
2. In a sail mast according to claim 1, the further improvement comprising
a reinforcing ply of fibrous material in a polymer matrix disposed over said outer ply in a boom-engaging region of the mast for selectively increasing the strength of said composite structure in said boom-engaging region.
3. In a sail mast according to claim 2, the further improvement in which the diameter of said composite structure at said outer ply has a maximum diameter in the order of two inches and said reinforcing ply has a radial thickness in the order of approximately fifteen thousandths of an inch.
4. In a sail mast according to claim 1, the further improvement in which said fibers of said inner and outer plies extend in opposite circumferential directions.
5. In a sail mast for a wind-powered sail craft, said mast having means for securing the mast the improvement comprising to the sail craft and means for securing a sail to the mast, a multiple-ply composite structure of fibers and a polymer matrix having
A. at least one inner ply having circumferentially extending fibers disposed in a polymer matrix,
B. at least one intermediate ply having
(i) first axially extending fibers in circumferentially-spaced sets with circumferential gaps between each set of the first fibers,
(ii) second axially extending fibers in circumferentially-spaced sets disposed in said circumferential gaps,
C. helically-oriented fibers interwoven with at least one said set of axially-extending fibers, and
D. an outer ply having circumferentially extending fibers.
The present invention relates to a composite structural member having a high bending strength. More particularly, the invention is directed to a composite structural member having a unique ply geometry and construction which contributes to a high bending strength.
A number of composite materials are well known in the art and have been used for applications requiring lightweight and high strength. Such materials are constructed of one or more plies, or layers, each of which comprises a fiber component embedded in a polymer matrix. The geometry of the fiber component within each layer contributes to the strength and other properties of the ultimate structure.
Many composite materials are susceptible to structural failure when subjected to excessive bending, compressive or torsional strains. It would be advantageous to provide a lightweight structure able to withstand greater forces.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite structure having a ply geometry which contributes to improved strength, particularly bending strength, in the structure. Another object is to provide a lightweight elongate composite structural member having high strength. It is also an object to provide a convenient and efficient method of manufacturing such composite structural members. Other objects of the invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following disclosure.
The present invention relates to a composite structural member having improved strength. The composite member is generally elongate and may have various cross-sectional profiles such as circular, rectangular, square and the like. The composite is constructed of a number of plies each of which has a fiber component disposed within a polymer matrix. The ply geometry of the present composite structure is such that the inner and outer plies of the structure have continuous, circumferential fibers which are oriented at an angle of between �30� to �90� relative to the longitudinal axis of the composite structural member. There is at least one of each inner and outer circumferential plies.
The composite structure also includes at least one intermediate ply having first axially extending fibers in circumferentially spaced sets with circumferential gaps between each set of the first fibers. A set of second axially extending fibers is disposed between each set of first axially extending fibers. These second axial fibers are interwoven with helically oriented fibers which are disposed at an angle of between �5� and �60� relative to the longitudinal axis of the composite member. Both the first and second axial fibers are oriented at an angle of approximately 0� to the longitudinal axis of the member. Preferably, each set of first and second axial fibers comprises two adjacent fibers. The first and second axial fibers cooperate to render the wall thickness throughout the composite substantially uniform.
The fibers of the circumferential and braiding fibers may be constructed of a variety of fiber materials, including aramid, carbon, graphite and glass, which have a modulus greater than 10 million psi. The axial fibers may be constructed of fiber materials such as carbon, graphite, ceramic, boron and glass, having a modulus of at least 12 million psi. The polymer resin component of the composite is one which is able to penetrate and bond well to the fiber component and which is compatible with the process of the invention. Preferably this material is a thermoset material such as epoxy or polyester, cured by anhydrides, polyamides or aliphatic amines. In addition, thermoplastic polymer materials such as polyphenylene sulfide, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polypropylene, polycarbonate, acetal, and polyetheretherketone may be used. The polymer matrix component may also comprise ceramic materials or silicon oxides.
FIG. 1 is a side view, partially broken away, of a composite member of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a partially constructed composite member of the present invention illustrating the innermost ply of the composite.
FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a partially constructed composite member of the present member illustrating the innermost ply and the first axial fibers of the intermediate ply.
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of a partially constructed composite member of the present invention illustrating the innermost and intermediate plies.
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of a composite member of the present invention having inner intermediate and outer plies.
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the intermediate ply from a portion of FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a sail mast manufactured from a composite member of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a simplified schematic view of the method of manufacturing composite structural materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph of maximum bending deflection vs. composite length for various composite constructions.
FIG. 10 is a view of the composite section of FIG. 6, rotated 90�, showing one of the braided axial filaments.
The composite structural member of the present invention is constructed of a number of plies, each comprising a fiber component disposed in a polymer matrix. The unique ply geometry of the composite contributes to its improved strength. The composite is generally an elongate member which may have a variety of cross sectional shapes, including circular, oval, rectangular, square, polygonal and the like.
FIG. 1 illustrates the geometry of the fiber component of the various plies which form the composite member 10 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the composite member 10 is constructed of a plurality of plies, each of which consists of a fiber component 12 embedded in a polymer matrix 14. The innermost ply 16, which is also illustrated in FIGS. 2 through 5, has a fiber component 18 which is circumferentially oriented at an angle of between �30� and �90� to the longitudinal axis 20 of the composite member. The angle of orientation of fiber component 18 is preferably between �60� and �90�, and more preferably between �80� and �90� relative longitudinal axis 20. In a preferred embodiment fiber component 18 comprises approximately 4 to 10 continuous, unidirectional strands. In the manufacture of sail board masts, for example, fiber component 18 comprises approximately 8 fiber strands. In other embodiments (not shown) fiber component 18 may be braided or woven.
Fiber component 18 may be manufactured from one of a variety of fibers used in the manufacture of composite materials. Preferably, the yarn of fiber component 18 has a modulus greater than 10 million psi. Examples of suitable fiber materials include aramid, carbon, graphite and glass. For most applications, the preferred material is a glass fiber sold under the trademark E-Glass by Owens-Corning. Preferably, the diameter of the yarn of fiber component 18 is in the range of approximately 0.007 to 0.040 inch.
Generally, innermost ply 16 constitutes the only interior ply having a circumferentially extending fiber component. However, where it is desired to achieve stronger, stiffer composite members, more than one ply having circumferentially oriented fibers may be utilized.
One or more intermediate plies are disposed immediately exterior of the inner circumferential ply 16. FIGS. 1 and 3 through 6 illustrate an embodiment in which a single intermediate ply 22 is present. Intermediate ply 22 features two separate axially extending fiber components. A first axially extending fiber component 24 comprises a plurality of unbraided, continuous fibers 24A which, as best shown in FIG. 3, are disposed about the circumference of the composite 10 in sets 26 which are separated by gaps 28. Each individual fiber 24A extends the length of the composite 10 and is oriented at an angle of about 0� relative to the longitudinal axis 20 of the composite. Typically, each set 26 comprises two individual axial fibers 24A which are positioned immediately adjacent each other. Adjacent sets 26 preferably are evenly distributed about the circumference of the composite and separated from each other by a gap 28, the size of which will vary depending upon the desired application. In many applications, a composite structural member made according to this invention will have a wholly or partly tapered diameter, and in such instances the size of gap 28 will uniformly change throughout the length of the tapered portion of the composite 10. The number of individual first axial fibers 24A which make up any given composite will, of course, vary depending on the diameter of the composite and its intended end use. Generally, the number of axial fibers 24A in a given composite will be between 5% and 100% of the number of braided axial fibers 32. For most application, however, the preferred number of axial fiber 24A is between 40% and 100% the number of braided axial fibers 32.
Preferably, non-braided sets 26 of axial fibers 24A are separated from each other by such a distance such that, in conjunction with the braided axial fibers 32, the wall thickness throughout the composite is substantially uniform. For example, to fabricate a 2-inch diameter composite tube having 48 braided axial fibers, such as BASF G30-500 12K, the preferred spacing would be 24 axial fibers 24A (e.g. BASF G30-500 12K fibers) equally spaced in sets of two about the circumference of the composite, with approximately 0.50 inch between sets.
The intermediate ply 22 also comprises a second axial fiber component 30, best illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3 through 6. The second axial fiber component 30 comprises second, braided axial fibers 32 which are disposed in gaps 28 about the circumference of the composite 10. Like the first axial fibers 24A, the individual second axial fibers 32 are oriented in sets 34 (typically comprising two individual fibers 32 in each set). The number of sets 34 present in any given composite may, in some applications, be equal to the number of sets 26. However, as noted above, there may be as few as 5% axial fibers 24A relative to braided axial fibers 32. Thus, the periphery of the composite 10 comprises generally alternating sets 26, 34 of first and second axial fibers 24, 30 with each fiber of the set being oriented at approximately 0� relative to the longitudinal axis 20 of the composite 20.
The second axial fiber component 30 also comprises a braiding fiber component 36 which has two helically oriented yarn components 36A, 36B. The yarn components 36A, 36B are interwoven with the individual second axial fibers 32 such that each second axial fiber 32 is sandwiched between braiding yarn components 36A, 36B. The braiding yarn components 36A, 36B are not interwoven with first axial fibers 24A, but rather pass over the top surface of fibers 24A as best shown in FIGS. 6 and 10. Each yarn 36A, 36B is a continuous yarn which extends the entire length of the composite 10. Yarns 36A, 36B are preferably oriented at an angle of between �5� to �60� relative to the longitudinal axis 20 of the composite 10. The crimp wavelength λ of axial fiber 32, illustrated in FIG. 10, is the distance between two braiding fibers of the same type (e.g., two braiding fibers 36A). The crimp wavelength is generally dependent on the diameter and elastic modulus of the second axial fibers 32 as well as the modulus and strength of the matrix material. Preferably, the crimp wavelength λ is between approximately 0.10 and 1.00 inches.
Preferably, in any given composite, the first and second axial fibers 24A, 34, each have the same diameter and are made of the same materials. The diameter of these axial fibers is dependent on the diameter of the composite, but preferably ranges between 0.007 and 0.040 inch. The first and second axial fibers 24A and 34 may be constructed of any one of a number of fiber materials including carbon, graphite, ceramic, boron, aramid and glass. For most applications, the preferred fiber materials is a carbon fiber having approximately 12,000 filaments per yarn, a yield of approximately 615 yd/lb. (0.807 g/m) and a modulus of at least 30 million psi. An example of such a preferred fiber is that sold under the trademark Celion Carbon Fiber G30-500 12K by BASF. For applications where high strength is required, a preferred material is a carbon fiber, or other fiber material, having a modulus of at least 34 million psi, a maximum stress of 500 ksi and a 1.4% minimum strain.
The braiding yarn components 36A, 36B preferably have a diameter which is smaller than that of axial fibers 24A, 32, and most preferably at least 25% less than that of the axial fibers 24A and 32. The diameter of braiding yarns 36A, 36B thus is in the range of approximately 0.005 to 0.015 inches. The braiding yarn components 36A, 36B may be manufactured of any one of a number of fiber materials including aramid, glass, carbon and graphite. The most preferred material for braiding yarns 36A, 36B is a glass fiber material sold under the trademark S-2 Glass by Owens Corning. These fibers preferably have a modulus of at least 10 million psi and a maximum stress of 600 ksi.
For many applications a single intermediate ply 22 may be used in the manufacture of composite structural members according to this invention. However, it is generally preferred to use more than one layer of ply 22. For example, in the manufacture of sailboard masts three layers of ply 22 are typically used.
As best shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, an outer ply 38 of fibers is disposed exterior of and immediately adjacent to the intermediate ply 22. The outer ply 38 is also set in a polymer matrix and has a circumferentially oriented fiber component 40. Outer fiber component 40 is preferably oriented at an angle which is the same or similar to that of inner fiber component 18, however, fiber component 40 is wound in a direction opposite to that of fiber component 18. In a preferred embodiment, the outer fiber component 40 has the same diameter as, and is made of the same fiber material as is fiber component 18. Typically, only a single outer ply need be used with a single composite, but more than one outer ply may be used if required for a given application.
The tensile modulus of elasticity for ply 16 outermost ply 38 each contribute less than 25% per ply to the total axial modulus of elasticity (measured in 0� direction) for the composite.
In applications which involve severe external conditions, such as possible impact from debris or other high speed objects, fiber component 18 is preferably a carbon yarn, such as BASF G40-700,having a modulus of approximately 43.5 million psi and a maximum strain of 1.66%. Fiber component 38 is preferably an aramid fiber, such as DuPont Kevlar HT or Kevlar 29, having a maximum stress of at least 500,000 psi and a tensile modulus of at least 12 million psi. For such application the external fiber ply preferably is braided or woven.
As noted above, each of the plies of the present composite member 10 consists of a fiber component 12 disposed in polymer matrix 14. The polymer matrix is typically the same for each ply. In this invention, the polymer matrix 14 is one which is compatible with and capable of penetrating and bonding to the fiber component 12 in order to provide a strong and reliable matrix. Suitable polymer matrix materials include a number of high strength thermoset or thermoplastic polymers which are well known in composite technology. Examples of preferred thermoset polymers include epoxy, vinyl ester and polyester which may be cured by anhydrides, polyamides, aliphatic amines and other known curing agents. Exemplary thermoplastic polymers include materials such as polyphenylene sulfide, polyethersulfone, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polypropylene, acetal, and polyetheretherketone. The preferred polymer matrix material is a low viscosity epoxy resin which is cured by an anhydride compound. An example of such a preferred epoxy is sold under the trademark D.E.R. 330 epoxy resin, manufactured by Dow Chemical Company. The most preferred anhydride curing agents for such epoxy resins are methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydrides.
One particular advantage of the ply structure of the present composite structural member is that the ply geometry of the intermediate ply 22 results in a substantially uniform wall thickness throughout the composite 10. The first axial fiber component 24 is present in the composite to eliminate gaps between sets 34 of second axial fibers which would be present in the absence of fiber component 34. Such gaps, if they did exist, would result in surface irregularities which would tend to decrease the bending strength of the composite. FIG. 9 is a graph which plots maximum deflection against composite length for a composite manufactured according to the present invention and other constructions. Curve A represents the bending strength of a composite manufactured according to the present invention and clearly illustrates the increased bending strength achieved by the present constructions. Curve B represents the bending strength of a similar composite which was constructed without first axial fiber component 24. Curve C depicts the bending strength of a composite similar to that shown in curve A, except that it was constructed without circumferential plies 18 and 38, and axial fiber 24.
As a result of a more uniform wall thickness, composites manufactured according to the present invention have an increased bending strength. Moreover, the interlaminar bonding of the plies is improved due to the Z-direction component of the braiding fibers 36 which contributes to the improved strengths of these composites. Stresses in the matrix are also reduced (in comparison to other braided or woven structures) by reduced crimp in the high modulus axial fibers. The increased bending strength of these composite members is also achieved without any significant increase in the weight of the composite. Consequently, the combination of high strength and light weight of such composites renders these materials useful for a variety of applications.
These composites are particularly well suited for articles which must withstand bending strains greater than 0.25%. Accordingly, these composite structural members find use in many recreational applications including the manufacture of ski poles, yacht spars, golf club shafts, pole vault poles, fishing rods, fishing outriggers, oar shafts, paddle shafts, hockey stick shafts, baseball bats, glider structures and many other applications where light weight and high strength, particularly high bending strength are desirable. Such composite materials may also find use in structural tubing and piping. In addition, these materials may be used in the manufacture of landing struts for aircraft, other aircraft structures, tubular housings, relief springs and robotics. These materials may also be used in the manufacture of housings for communication antennas and marine superstructures as well as for medical accessories such a wheelchairs, canes, stretchers and prosthetics. Perhaps among the most preferred application of these composites is as mast structures for sailboats and sail boards.
FIG. 7 illustrates a spar 42 which may be used in the manufacture of a sail mast (such as a sailboard mast) which may be manufactured using the technology described above. The spar 42 comprises an upright tubular structure 44 which is used to support a sail (not shown). The spar 42 is made from a composite of the type described above, having a single inner ply, approximately three intermediate plies and an outer ply (not shown). The diameter of post 44 is constant throughout about one-half of the length of the spar, and is uniformly tapered throughout the remaining length of the spar. Preferably, the diameter in the tapered portion of the spar ranges from approximately 2.0 to 0.85 inches. In addition to the plies which comprise post 44, the spar 42 also may have a coating of polyurethane (not shown). The coating may include UV absorbing additives to protect the matrix material from degrading upon exposure to sunlight.
In order to resist excessive localized bending forces, such as those which result from the presence of a boom (not shown), the spar 42 may feature a reinforced boom region 46. As shown in FIG. 7, the post 44 is reinforced over a length of approximately 40 inches to accommodate a variety of boom positions and sail designs. The reinforced boom region 46 preferably comprises an external wrap of about 8.75 ounce per yd2 of a woven glass fabric (e.g., E-Glass) which is saturated with resin and which is bonded to the spar with compacting tape. The reinforced area 46 typically adds an additional 0.015 inches to the wall thickness of the composite. Without reinforcement, the wall thickness of the composite in the boom region 46 is approximately 0.065 inch. The effect of the reinforced boom region is to increase the circumferential stiffness of the spar so that it can better withstand the point loading which is caused by the attachment of a boom to the spar. The woven reinforcing fabric 46 is also able to better withstand and distribute point loading than a layer of non-interlaced fibers of the same types and ply thickness. Although illustrated in FIG. 7, and useful for some applications, a reinforced boom region 48 is not necessary for all sail masts manufactured from a composite made according to the present invention.
With reference to FIG. 8, which illustrates a composite assembly apparatus 49, the manufacture of a composite material according to this invention may be described as follows. The various plies which make up the composite structural members of this invention are wrapped around a mandrel or form 50, the general shape of which is assumed by the composite. Mandrels 50 which are useful in the manufacturing process of this invention may be tapered or nontapered and the mandrel may be fabricated from such materials as aluminum, steel, plastic, rubber or other suitable materials. Although the mandrel may be either hollow or solid, a hollow mandrel is preferred.
Referring again to FIG. 8, a mandrel 50 is positioned within a composite manufacturing line to traverse through a series of stations which apply and wrap various fibers and polymer matrix ply layers about the mandrel 50. The mandrel 50 initially encounters station 52, which applies the fibers 18 which comprise inner ply 16. Station 52 may consist of an apparatus holding multiple packages 54 of yarn (e.g., four to eight packages) which rotate in an axis perpendicular to the direction of the traverse 56 of the mandrel 50. The speed of the rotation (rpm) of stations 52, relative to the rate of the mandrel 50 traverse, determines the amount and orientation of the fibers in inner ply 22. For example, in the manufacture of a sailboard mast, the mandrel 50 traverses the assembly apparatus 49 at a speed of about 4 ft. per minute, while the eight yarn packages of station 52 rotate at a varying speed of between 40 and 175 rpm, depending upon specific design requirements and the diameter of the composite at a given region. Immediately following station 52, a liquid polymer resin (such as epoxy) is applied through an apparatus 58A which immerses and saturates the entire inner ply 16. The ratio by volume of resin to fiber is preferably about 50% or less.
As the mandrel 50 continues to traverse the assembly apparatus 49, it next encounters filament wrapping station 60, which applies a first intermediate ply. Yarn packages 62A apply first axial fiber 24 while yarn packages 62B apply axial fiber 32. Braiding yarn components 36A and 36B are applied at station 60 through a braiding apparatus (not shown). The number of yarn packages 62A and 62B preferably corresponds to the number of axial fibers 24, 32 present in each ply. Resin applicator 58B also forms part of station 60, as it applies additional resin to form the matrix of the first intermediate ply.
Filament wrapping stations 61 and 64 apply second and third intermediate plies, respectively, in a manner similar to that described above. Resin applicators 58C and 58D cooperate with stations 61 and 64 to add additional matrix-forming polymer resin.
The mandrel 50 is next passed through filament wrapping station 66 which is identical to station 52. Station 52 applies outer ply 38 in the same manner as station 52, except that station 66 rotates in a direction opposite to that of station 52. Following the application of this circumferential layer, additional resin material is applied to the composite by apparatus 58E. If desired, additional stations (not shown) may apply additional circumferential layers which will subsequently be coated with resin.
In each filament wrapping station, the fiber tension is controlled such that the fibers remain taut, without looseness or displacement of the fibers after application. The tension of the braiding fibers 36 is controlled by a braiding machine apparatus which maintains a tension of about 1 lb. or less per fiber.
Finally, the mandrel 50 is passed through a tape winding device 68 which applies thermoplastic tape 41 (e.g., having a width of about 1/2 to 3/4 inch) about the mandrel 50 and its plies. The tape tension is preferably kept at between 3 and 15 pounds. The tension in the tape serves to compact the filament and resin which has been wound about the mandrel and forces out excess resin and most of the air which is trapped between the filaments and the resin. An example of a type of tape which is especially useful in the manufacture of sailboard masts is 1/2 inch wide silicon coated polyester film having a thickness of two mils.
Drive mechanism 70 is typically utilized to advance the mandrel 50 along the assembly apparatus 49. Preferably this mechanism is capable of varying the rate at which mandrel 50 traverses assembly station 49.
After the application of the thermoplastic tape, the entire structure may be placed in a vertical convection oven at approximately 300� F. for about two hours to cure the resin. The structure may then be removed from the oven and allowed to cool. Following this step, the mandrel 50 is extracted from the cured composite. Extraction of the mandrel may require in excess of 1000 lbs. of pull due to the shrinkage of the composite when the resin changes from liquid to solid form. Following this step, the thermoplastic compaction tape is removed from the laminate by a simple unwinding process.
Following the removal of tape, the composite may be processed in a sanding apparatus which removes glass from cured resin and makes uniform the outside diameter of the composite to prepare it for polyurethane coating. These sanding steps are particularly applicable in the manufacturing of sail board masts.
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Photo Flash: The Houston Symphony Welcomes Big Brothers Big Sisters
"Given the nature of the Family concerts and our belief in the value of the Big Brothers/Big Sisters organization in Houston, providing event tickets to the organization was a perfect way to give back to the Symphony while also enriching the lives of children," said Ron Rand, president and CEO of Rand Group.
"Our kids and volunteers experienced classical music in a fun and festive way," said Ron Hadley, Greater Houston President, Big Brothers Big Sisters. "Activities like this leave lasting impressions for our matches."Photo Credit: Michelle Watson
Big Brothers Big Sisters at the Houston Symphony
About Author
- Anna Kendrick and Jeremy Jordan-Led THE LAST FIVE YEARS Movie to Hit Theaters, VOD on Feb 13
- Photo Flash: Key Art for GIRLS Season 4 Released
- 'BREAKING BAD (Original Score From The Television Series) Volume 2' Double LP Out Today
- President Obama Praises Icons Meryl Streep, Alvin Ailey and More at Medal of Freedom Ceremony
- NBCUniversal & Millennial Trains Project Announce New Partnership
- Official: Rachel McAdams, Taylor Kitsch & Kelly Reilly Join Cast of HBO's TRUE DETECTIVE
- Showtime to Air HOMELAND, THE AFFAIR Marathons this Weekend
- David Dobkin to Direct AMC's BADLANDS Pilot
- Cast of FINDING NEVERLAND to Perform on ABC's GOOD MORNING AMERICA on Thanksgiving
- NBC to Air NATIONAL DOG SHOW PRESENTED BY PURINA, 11/27


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King Arthur II: The Role-Playing Wargame Cheats "Artifact Names" (PC)
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Linkin Park's Joe Hahn Plays 'Wikipedia: Fact or Fiction?'
In this week's edition of 'Wikipedia: Fact or Fiction?' we've got Linkin Park DJ and music video specialist Joe Hahn!
In this week's edition of 'Wikipedia: Fact or Fiction?' we've got Linkin Park DJ and music video specialist Joe Hahn!
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Life is all about choices. Check out which ones Within the Ruins' Joe Cocchi would make in the latest edition of 'Would You Rather?'
Yoshiki speaks about turning to rock music after his father's suicide, the beginnings of X Japan, utilizing music for medical advancements and much more.
You think you know Black Sabbath? Watch as we delve into some of the more obscure facts from their history.
Vote for either Slayer's Los Angeles Blood or Disturbed's Chicago Sickness to represent Loudwire in the Hard Rock Super Bowl.
Not only did these fans get kicked out of rock and metal shows by the performers themselves, but each ordeal was caught on film.
Alien Ant Farm frontman Dryden Mitchell is up to some challenging choices in this edition of 'Would You Rather?'


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Bridge dedication ceremony held in Logan County, Ohio.
Axion International Holdings Inc., New Providence, N.J., a developer of recycled plastic and plastic composite technologies, participated in an official ribbon cutting ceremony on May 29 for a bridge in Logan County, Ohio made of its Struxure 100 percent recycled infrastructure building products. The company announced the purchase order for the bridge in September 2012.
Logan County Engineer Scott Coleman said that the durability, expected life span of more than 50 years and environmental benefits of using 100 percent recycled materials weighed into the decision to use Struxure. Logan County has a goal of being a zero-waste county by the year 2020.
The raw material used to make Struxure is 80 percent postconsumer plastics and 20 percent comprised of car bumpers and dashboards.
"Axion supplied our Struxure infrastructure building materials and we consulted on the engineering of the bridge as well. We are very confident of the performance and value Struxure products deliver. For years, 70-ton tanks have been driving over a similar Struxure bridge on a U.S. army base," states Dave Crane, Axion's executive vice president of building products.
"Advancements in technology are creating new economics and feasibility around recycled building materials. We are seeing increased adoption of our high performance, proven infrastructure grade building materials that make sense for communities, both financially and environmentally," adds Axion President and CEO Steve Silverman.
According to Axion, the 24.6-foot Onion Ditch Bridge is the longest span bridge made from 100 percent recycled plastic materials in North America and is only the second bridge of its kind on a public road; Axion had earlier built a bridge using Struxure in York, Maine.
Additionally, New York State's St. Lawrence County Department of Highways has purchased Struxure to repair and restore bridges. Other tank and railroad bridges have been built using Struxure on domestic military bases which support heavy loads.
Reportedly, 80 percent of the cost of the bridge was paid for by the Federal Innovative Bridge Research and Deployment Program, which provides funding for projects that demonstrate innovative accelerated bridge design and construction technology, and the application of innovative material technology
Happy #Thanksgiving from the staff of Construction & Demolition Recycling! Thursday, November 27, 2014 06:45:07 AM
Doosan introduces new articulated dump trucks Tuesday, November 25, 2014 01:02:40 PM
Wastequip named one of Charlotte's 'Best Places to Work' Monday, November 24, 2014 06:11:36 PM
Michigan DEQ approves shingles, plastic for use at cement kilns Monday, November 24, 2014 05:41:08 PM
GBB assisting Maryland County with public private partnership procurement Monday, November 24, 2014 04:38:06 PM
San Francisco Bay Bridge project delayed Wednesday, November 19, 2014 11:50:13 AM
University of Michigan considering $9 million demo project Wednesday, November 19, 2014 11:50:07 AM
OSHA updates reporting requirements Tuesday, November 18, 2014 03:36:59 PM
Prominent industry economists to speak at C&D World 2015 Tuesday, November 18, 2014 03:36:56 PM
The November/December issue of Construction & Demolition Recycling is now availa... Tuesday, November 18, 2014 07:40:20 AM
USGBC announces extension of LEED 2009 Sunday, November 16, 2014 10:50:15 PM
Rotochopper completes factory expansion Thursday, November 13, 2014 06:32:48 PM
Wacker Neuson to build skid steers, compact track loaders in US Thursday, November 13, 2014 06:32:45 PM
Kirby-Smith Machinery names new north Texas area manager Thursday, November 13, 2014 12:19:25 PM
Go To Parts adds new business development manager Thursday, November 13, 2014 08:39:05 AM
Carpet recycling project begins in Maine Wednesday, November 12, 2014 02:53:09 PM
Desso uses chalk from water companies in its carpet Wednesday, November 12, 2014 10:11:05 AM
Jest introduces recycling system Tuesday, November 11, 2014 10:43:09 AM
Liebherr adds dealer in the West Monday, November 10, 2014 02:57:36 PM
Remodeling market strengthening, says NARI Friday, November 07, 2014 10:35:06 AM
Liebherr adds dealer in Texas Tuesday, November 04, 2014 03:11:05 PM
CP Global names new CEO Tuesday, November 04, 2014 01:37:06 PM
BHS names new technology director Tuesday, November 04, 2014 08:26:11 AM
EcoExpo Asia 2014: Zero Carbon Building sets example in Hong Kong Monday, November 03, 2014 06:27:04 PM
EcoExpo Asia 2014: Many reasons to recycle gypsum Monday, November 03, 2014 05:56:12 PM
MetalTech hires recycling systems veteran Monday, November 03, 2014 01:49:36 AM
Carpet squares designer to collect unwanted carpet from Denver residents Friday, October 31, 2014 12:31:35 PM
Studies reveal growing demand for LEED-credentialed professionals Friday, October 31, 2014 12:01:12 PM
Majority of construction firms report having trouble finding qualified workers Friday, October 31, 2014 12:01:06 PM
NDA appoints Cheryl Caulfield as executive director Thursday, October 30, 2014 05:00:10 PM
5811 Canal Road
Valley View, OH 44125 USA


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Created on Tuesday, 07 October 2014 18:04
Photo Courtesy of Lori Bonomo
The Kiwanis Club of Silver celebrated "Kiwanis Students of the Month" on October 7, 2014 with honored students from 8 local schools. These youth are nominated by their sc-- Continue reading
Created on Sunday, 05 October 2014 17:49
"Bacchus," Barbara Smith's acrylic rendition after Caravaggio. Photo Courtesy of Tom Vaughan
The Grant County Art Guild hosted its annual Old Masters Exhibit with a reception Friday, Oct. 3, at the Mi-- Continue reading
Created on Tuesday, 30 September 2014 12:45
Silver City, NM - In a remote village, surrounded by people who speak a different language, more than 8,000 miles away from her hometown of Gallup, New Mexico, Brittany Chiapetti set out to research-- Continue reading
Created on Tuesday, 30 September 2014 10:59
Wed, Oct 8 - Grant County Democratic Party, regular monthly meeting, 5:30 p.m. potluck. 6:20 p.m. business meeting. 3060 Hwy 180E. Bring a dish and bring a friend. Info 575-654-6060-- Continue reading
Created on Monday, 29 September 2014 17:08
Photo of Maria Trillo by her daughter, Nina Freer, who received a BFA in photography from the University of New Mexico, after learning her skills at Western New Mexico University
Maria Eugenia Trillo,-- Continue reading
Created on Thursday, 25 September 2014 19:25
Patrick Peck (right), President of the New Mexico Recycling Coalition presented Tommy Ogas (second from right), Recycling Supervisor at Southwest Solid Waste Authority with the award as the recycling-- Continue reading
Created on Wednesday, 24 September 2014 11:36
At right, "Mother's Garden" Best of Show winning oil painting by Connie Thibeau.
Below, the crowd gathers at the Tuesday night Purchase Prize Exhibit reception.
The Grant County Art Guild's 29t-- Continue reading
Created on Friday, 19 September 2014 15:20
Carolyn Laverne Torres was born in Paul's Valley, Oklahoma November 19th, 1933 to Carl Shores and Pauline Taber Shores. She passed peacefully on September 14th, 2014 in Las Vegas, NV. She was a long t-- Continue reading
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#AskLoogs talks Opening, Elite 11
Who will benefit from big events plus class rankings surprises are all covered
We're back with another edition of the #AskLoogs Twitter mailbag. If you missed last week's discussion, check it out here.
As always, make sure to use the hashtag #AskLoogs to get in on our discussion. I'll answer fan questions on player rankings and scouting each Wednesday, 2-3 p.m. ET on Twitter, with the five best making it to this weekly mailbag, but you can send questions in any time and I'll get to as many as I can.
This week, we'll tackle questions about The Opening, the Elite 11, who could be a surprise team in the class rankings and much more. No more delaying, let's get right to your questions.
@TomLuginbill @TheOpening_2013 who do u expect to improve and prove his ranking at the opening? #AskLoogs— KCD (@powerkcd) June 26, 2013
I think there is a chance that ATH Parris Campbell Jr. could improve his rank, especially if he lines up at cornerback, which is where Ohio State is going to play him. Campbell is young for his class and has been playing running back almost exclusively, but he does not have the physical build or stature to be an every-down back at the next level. He has terrific times so we know he runs very well. He is also a very smooth athlete through the hips, which is why he is a good fit at corner. We really like his ceiling for development, but the reason his grade isn't higher at this stage is because he is difficult to project.
As for a player who we feel will prove his ranking, it has to be Leonard Fournette, who is No. 1 in the ESPN 300. This is a forum for backs to prove they are more than just runners. Like Alvin Kamara and Ryan Green proved last year, a back's versatility is constantly on display at The Opening. To be honest, Fournette could line up at safety or outside linebacker and still be the best player in attendance.
To see Luginbill's take on which team could surprise in the class rankings and more, you must be an Insider.
Become an insider and get access to all our articles and tools.View Insider Benefits »
Magazine subscribers: activate your Insider account.
Tom LuginbillRecruitingNation
- Senior National Recruiting Analyst for ESPN.com
- Coached in four professional football leagues
- Graduated from Eastern Kentucky and Marshall
- Sooners' Perine (427 yards) bests Gordon
- FSU squeaks past BC on Aguayo's late FG
- Ohio State clinches Big Ten title game berth
- Michigan interim AD to determine Hoke's future
Two are better than one: The Elite 11 and The Opening have joined forces. Both events will be held in Beaverton, Ore., starting Saturday. You can catch the action on ESPNU:
July 1 at 7 p.m. ET
July 2 at 9 p.m. ET
July 3 at 9 p.m. ET
- Sherman: What can SPARQ do for you?
- By the numbers: Opening, Elite 11 preview
- Luginbill: Why SPARQ testing is important
- Roundtable: What to watch at The Opening
- Haubert: Matchups to watch at The Opening
- The Opening recruit updates
- Around the nation: The Opening
- Sherman: Elite 11 counselors show the way
- Crabtree: Surprises among top Elite 11 QBs
- Elite 11 Saturday notebook
- 2013 Elite 11 finals gallery
- Epicenter Of Recruiting Is ...?
- The Epicenter of recruiting is ...?
Crabtree »
- Best Recruiting Fits At Florida
- Who is best recruiting fit at Florida?
- Junior Day
- Little tops ESPN Junior 300.
Rankings »


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Sign up for Yardbarker's daily Top 10 newsletter, the Morning Bark! Customize to get news on your favorite sports and teams.
Ohio State Football Preview: Running Back
The 2014 Ohio State Buckeyes set out this season with their sights on redemption. The Buckeyes are looking to pick up the pieces from two consecutive losses to end the 2013-14 season. After going 24-2 in two seasons, the pressure for success at Ohio State is turning up. Can the 2014 Buckeyes get over the top and reach the pinnacle of college football? We aim to find out in our 2014...
Via Cleveland Sports Chat
July 24, 2014 | Discuss
Ohio State spring football reactions: Offense
Evaluating the offense the same way as the defense is hardly fair considering all of the injuries that beset the Ohio State scoring unit, but there were some lessons to take away from the spring nonetheless. For one thing, the depth the Buckeyes were thought to have at running back is real. Ezekiel Elliott showed he brings a very enticing package of size and skill to the position...
Via Cus Words Blog
April 18, 2014 | Discuss
Good showing, little sizzle in OSU spring game
COLUMBUS, Ohio - Urban Meyer threw a party inside Ohio Stadium Saturday afternoon and more than 60,000 people showed up. Something resembling a football game broke out, too. The Buckeyes will again be a preseason top 10 team as they try to recover from the first losing streak -- and the first losses, period -- of the Meyer Era, but all that can wait. The spring game went on Saturday...
Via Fox Sports Ohio
April 12, 2014 | Discuss
The Chase 2013: Running Backs
The 2013 is rapidly approaching, with only 4 weeks left until kick off. We've been breaking down each position week by week here at Buckeye Empire, this week we took a look at the running backs. With running back being one of the most important positions on the field, because they are the one who is responsible for gaining big yards on 1st down and the one who gets the ball in...
Via Buckeye Empire
August 02, 2013 | Discuss
Player Profile: Warren Ball
Photo Credit The Ohio State University Week 13 of the Buckeye Empire Summer Series takes an in depth look at the running back position, and next up on the list is second year freshman Warren Ball. Warren missed out on the entire 2012 season due to a foot injury; he has been granted a medical redshirt giving him an extra year of eligibility. Ball grew up in Columbus, OH and attended...
Via Buckeye Empire
July 30, 2013 | Discuss
Ohio State Coach Profile – Tim Hinton
A native of Amanda, Ohio, Tim Hinton is in his 32nd year of coaching and/or recruiting in the State of Ohio and is entering his second at Ohio State as the Tight Ends and Fullbacks coach. Prior to Ohio State, Hinton was the running backs coach at Notre Dame under Brian Kelly, whom he worked with at the University of Cincinnati. This is Hinton's second stint on the Ohio State...
Via Buckeye Empire
July 28, 2013 | Discuss
OSU's spring game: Five to watch
CINCINNATI - Ohio State is coming to Paul Brown Stadium Saturday for its annual spring game. The 12-0 season of 2012 is officially over. The real fun might just be beginning. Throughout spring football, Urban Meyer has pushed his players the way he always does while warning against expectations being too high. Meyer has said on multiple occasions that his team isn't where it...
Via Fox Sports Ohio
April 12, 2013 | Discuss
Meyer, Buckeyes kick off spring practice
COLUMBUS, Ohio - It's always football season at Ohio State. Rules and circumstances have kept Urban Meyer off the practice field for 103 days, but that ends Tuesday with the official start of Meyer's second spring practice. He'll be on the accelerator. Much has changed since last spring, when Meyer and most of the assistant coaches were new to the job. The offense...
Via Fox Sports Ohio
March 05, 2013 | Discuss
Meyer Likes Buckeyes' Progress So Far
Urban Meyer opened the third week of his first Ohio State football preseason camp with an update for local reporters covering a variety of topics. The head coach was happy to report another pair of young Buckeyes earned their rite of passage when quarterback Cardale Jones and running back Warren Ball had the black stripes removed from their helmets, signifying they are considered...
Via Fox Sports Ohio
August 20, 2012 | Discuss
OSU Football: Bri'onte Dunn Acquitted Of Another Charge
According to NBC's College Football Talk, Ohio State incoming freshman running back Bri'onte Dunn has been acquitted of a disorderly conduct charge. Cantonrep.com reports that Dunn appeared in court on Friday and was acquitted of the misdemeanor after the magistrate found there was insufficient evidence against the running back. That left only the traffic violations — license...
Via Waiting For Next Year
August 18, 2012 | Discuss
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November 28, 2014
LAS VEGAS (AP) - Representatives for mixed martial arts fighter Georges St. Pierre say claims that his corner illegally applied petroleum jelly to his body during an Ultimate Fighting Championship bout are a desperate attempt to protect the reputation of St. Pierre's opponent.
St. Pierre's cornermen sent a letter to Nevada athletic regulators on Wednesday to respond to an informal request by UFC fighter B.J. Penn's lawyer this month about UFC 94.
Philip Nurse, the cornerman accused of illegally applying the jelly, says it would have been ludicrous to grease St. Pierre in front of thousands of fans, television cameras and state athletic officials.
St. Pierre won the fight after a doctor stopped the bout in the fifth round.
Copyright 2009 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
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Hi Julien,
On 11/24/10 00:53, Julien Claassen wrote:
Hi Julien,
On 11/24/10 00:53, Julien Claassen wrote:
Use the source - quick, dirty & pragmatic.
Assuming you're on debian:
sudo apt-get build-dep caps
sudo apt-get install fakeroot dpkg-dev
cd /tmp/
apt-get source caps
cd caps-0.4.2
ed Click.cc << EOF
dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot
sudo dpkg -i ../caps*deb
There may be issues - e.g. internal timing or accuracy with faster BPM.
You'll need to read the source or ask Tim to be sure.
> Why that fast? I'm ever more leaning
LINUX® is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the USA and other countries. Linuxaudio.org logo copyright Thorsten Wilms © 2006. Hosting provided by the Virginia Tech Department of Music and DISIS.


text:
GDNet Spotlight
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Welcome Home - Get started with our friendly game developer community
Data Visualization in Games: Leaderboards
Published in Game Design
By Erik Hazzard - Leaderboards are a visualization of achievement. Their goal is to make comparisons between some player (or item's) ranks. This is a pretty boar...
Retro Mortis: RTS (Part 2) - Then a Blizzard came...
Published in Game Design
By Michel Mony - In this article, I take a look at what Blizzard's Warcraft: Orcs and Humans brought to the table and how it differed from Dune II.
OpenGL Batch Rendering
Published in OpenGL
By Marek Krzeminski - You should render as many vertices as possible in a single draw call for optimal performance. In this article I demonstrate how I implemented a ba...
Banshee Engine Architecture - Introduction
Published in APIs and Tools
By Marko Pintera - Learn about the vision, architecture and design decisions behind Banshee Engine. This is an introductory article that is a part of a larger series.
Implementing a Meta System in C++
Published in General Programming
By Artem Shal - Implementing a meta system to support several scripting languages with interoperability.
Designing a "Playable" UI That Secretly Teaches How to Play
Published in Game Design
By Yowan Langlais - How to create a fun user interface that teaches players how to play your game.
Screenshot Showdown Top Shots
Featured Developer Journals
It's been more than five months since I started working on this update. I never intended it to go on this long, but trying to implement shuttles increased the development time drastically. Eventually, I decided to push shuttles back to another upd...
Mission accomplished! Prototype of this game is finished, and this is yet a very great success for me.As last feature I introduced dungeons (not really a roguelike without them ). Dungeons are not the ultra-deep things seen in other roguelikes: th...
I'm feeling the stress of financial pressure right now. My face is a bit scrunched in deep concern right now. Where is this coming from? I'm looking at my total savings and have calculated a monthly "burn rate", which is how fast I am consuming m...
Report: CVG, 33 years old, to be shut down by Future
www.gamesindustry.biz -- Oldest running games media outlet killed off by publisher
Mobile Nations Community Update, November 2014
wpcentral.com.feedsportal.com -- Time again to wrap up all the goodness going on at Android Central, Connectedly, CrackBerry, iMore, and Windows Central. Keep reading for all the details!
This is how the Lenovo ThinkPad Helix cools itself without a fan
wpcentral.com.feedsportal.com -- A thermal module less than half a millimeter in thickness. No fans. Thinner. Lighter. That's the Lenovo ThinkPad Helix for you. It's been a few months since the Helix convertible tablet was refreshed with Intel's Broadwell processor, otherwise kno...Related Stories:Android Apps for the Intel Platform Learning Series: The Android OS for Intel Architecture
Compiling, Configuring and running Lustre on Intel® Xeon Phi™ Coprocessor
Intel® RealSense™ Developer Kit Installation with @IntelTim #RealSense
Android Apps for the Intel Platform Learning Series:Real Device Environment Installation
AnDevCon San Francisco 2014
Ubisoft Toronto becoming key partner for other Ubi studios
www.gamesindustry.biz -- Producer Lesley Phord-Toy says Toronto has raised some eyebrows in the Ubi system and they don't have enough staff to fulfill all requests
Letter Quest: Grimm's Journey Releases on Steam
indiegamemag.com -- If you're into finding new words or playing around with your vocabulary, you're in luck since Letter Quest: Grimm's Journey has finally made its way onto Steam. Mixing Scrabble with an RPG, it promises to..
Heads up! We're dropping the price of HTC One M8 double dip cases today to just $15.95!
wpcentral.com.feedsportal.com -- The Double Dip Case from HTC is designed for the indecisive and those who love having a little extra variety in their mobile life. Made from the highest grade polycarbonate, this hard case comes apart at the top and bottom, allowing different colo...
Interstellar Marines Update 15: Stealth Suppressed
indiegamemag.com -- The popular FPS, Interstellar Marines, that attempts to bring the best elements of Half-Life, Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six, and System Shock together, just got a little stealthier after the release of an update to its..
EA named one of the best places for LGBT equality
www.gamesindustry.biz -- Human Rights Campaign honors the publisher for the third year in a row
First episode of Telltale's Game of Thrones series debuts next week
wpcentral.com.feedsportal.com -- The first episode of Telltale's Game of Thrones series will be available for download next week. Iron From Ice will be available for Windows on Tuesday, December 2. The Xbox One and Xbox 360 December 3.
Is F2P at a turning point?
www.gamesindustry.biz -- Opponents shouldn't read too much into recent statements; free is firmly entrenched among mobile consumers
Save on Windows Phones this Black Friday at Carphone Warehouse
wpcentral.com.feedsportal.com -- It's Black Friday so Carphone warehouse has commenced a flash sale in the UK, offering some notable savings on a selection of Windows Phones. If you have been holding off for some enticing deals to be announced, head past the break to see what the...Related Stories:
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PC Pick: Glorkian Warrior (Pixeljam)
indiegames.com -- Tim loved the mobile version of Glorkian Warrior a few months ago, and I have to admit I too loved its brand new Windows/Mac port. The very same port you can grab by hoping over to the Glorkian Warrior: The Trials of Glork site and spending a very...Related Stories:
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www.gamesindustry.biz -- How Laila Shabir and LearnDistrict are getting a headstart on diversity in the industry


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About Us
President's message
Building a Legacy
By Robert Ramsay
On Tuesday, November 4th, citizens took to the polls to elect their leaders of choice and to vote on ballot initiatives that will influence their communities for years to come. In many locations across the country, constituencies were asked about land conservation and, specifically, how to fund the protection of critical habitat and parks within their borders. By the end of the day after all the votes were tallied, it was clear that land conservation was an important and non-partisan issue to Americans from every corner of the country.
The feeling in the Southeast was no different. Our neighbors in beautiful Florida, a voting public often characterized as politically divided, came together to overwhelmingly support dedicated funding for conservation. 75% of voters in the Sunshine State voted "YES" to the Florida Water and Land Conservation Amendment, also known as Amendment One, supporting the dedication of nearly $1 billon every year for the next two decades to the protection of their state's natural resources.
You may have noticed that voters in Georgia did not have the opportunity to support similar conservation funding at the ballot box this year. Our state currently lacks a dedicated funding mechanism for the conservation for priority lands, the stewardship of state parks and wildlife management areas, and the support of local parks and preserves.
Hard at work to change that is a coalition known as Georgia Legacy. Partner organizations the Georgia Conservancy, The Nature Conservancy, Park Pride, Trust for Public Land, The Conservation Fund, and Georgia Wildlife Federation want conservation on the ballot.
Georgia Legacy is working with lawmakers to pass legislation during the 2015 General Assembly that will allow the voices of Georgians to be heard during the next statewide election cycle. We believe that the support for shown for conservation in Florida is not endemic to that state, but would be replicated by Georgia voters if they are provided the chance.
How would Georgia Legacy be funded?
Outdoor enthusiasts in Georgia are a driving force for both the environment and the economy. The sales of outdoor recreation equipment in Georgia, which total more than $1 billion annually, indicate that our state has a thriving and active community that relies upon accessible land and waters to enjoy outdoor recreation. Four percent of the sales of such equipment are currently collected by the state as tax revenue. With the proposed Georgia Legacy Fund, those dollars must be used to support conservation and stewardship of state parks and wildlife management areas in Georgia – funds that equal approximately $43 million per year. Those who recreate outdoors will be directly investing in the conservation and stewardship of the resources that they require.
The Georgia Conservancy and our partners believe that the protection of our natural resources should not suffer during economic up-and-downs, and we believe that a dedicated and sustainable source of funding for land and water conservation will not only prove beneficial to our state's environment, but also to our economy.
As stewards of this state's natural resources, and for future generations, we believe that we have a moral imperative and an economic incentive to conserve our land and water for generations of Georgians to come – our Georgia Legacy.
Learn more about Georgia Legacy at www.galegacy.org.
Thank you,
Robert Ramsay


text:
These two authors are contributed equally to this work.
Short Communication
Quantitative Reduction of Peripheral CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Regulatory T cells in Reproductive Failure after Artificial Insemination by Donor Sperm
Article first published online: 22 NOV 2012
DOI: 10.1111/aji.12041
© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology
Volume 69, Issue 2, pages 188–193, February 2013
Additional Information
How to Cite
CitationQuantitative reduction of peripheral CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in reproductive failure after artificial insemination by donor sperm. Am J Reprod Immunol 2013; 69: 188–193, , , , , .
Publication History
- Issue published online: 8 JAN 2013
- Article first published online: 22 NOV 2012
- Manuscript Accepted: 17 OCT 2012
- Manuscript Received: 3 AUG 2012
- Abstract
- Article
- References
- Cited By
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Employment report: For-hire trucking gains 3,200 jobs in January
The trucking industry added 3,200 jobs in January, according to preliminary numbers from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, following up a month of low job growth in December, when the for-hire industry added just 100 jobs.
Hours of service exemptions for propane haulers extended to March 1
The hours of service waivers issued for propane haulers in the South, East and Midwest have been extended to March 1, pushed back from their previous end date of Feb. 11.
Losing ground: The military hauling niche
Owner-operators continue to fight for access to military freight, though federal cost-cutting initiatives have reduced rates.
Upping fuel economy for trucks would yield savings for consumers and boost economy, report says
The average U.S. household would save about $250 a year if medium- and heavy-duty trucks in the U.S. cut their fuel consumption by 50 percent, according to a recent report.
Rates fall in January but see big year over year gains
Rates in all three segments dropped in January from December, but all are up double digits from the same month in 2013.
CSA works and is not biased against small carriers, FMCSA report concludes
Coming on the heels of a government-issued report saying CSA's scoring method is faulty and unfair, FMCSA has released a study concluding the opposite: The system does work to identify carriers who pose the greatest crash risk, the agency says.
Bush didn't overturn emissions regs, public needs truck education: Part 2 of OD visit to Road Dog
In the second segment of OD's Jack Roberts' visit to Mark Willis' Road Dog Trucking News show, Roberts recalls the trucking industry's rejoicing over the election of President Bush, who ended up doing nothing to curb tightening emissions regs.
CSA scoring is faulty, unfair for small carriers, GAO report says
The scoring system used by FMCSA in its Compliance, Safety, Accountability system is flawed and is made up of an incomplete data set, particularly for small carriers, a GAO report concludes.
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Almost 2 billion people around the world use smartphones -- typically worth hundreds of dollars a pop on the black market. A former smartphone thief explains their allure to street criminals.
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Ranch hospital performs single-incision Lap-Band surgery
Date: September 17, 2009
by: The Observer Staff
Lakewood Ranch Medical Center this morning became the first medical facility on the Suncoast to offer single-incision Lap-Band. Dr. Jose Erbella performed the procedure at the hospital.
This procedure is less invasive than most Lap-Band surgeries because it requires only a single incision through the belly button, which leaves the patient with little to no scar and a quicker recovery time. The Lap-Band Adjustable Gastric Banding System helps patients gradually lose and control their weight by reducing the amount of food a patient's stomach can hold at one time.
For more information on the procedure, call Erbella's office, 744-2700
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3 Advent Study
7:00 pm - 8:30 pm
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6 17th Annual Jingle & Jog Road Race and 1 Mile Fun Walk
8:00 am
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6 Manatee Aubuon - OPEN HOUSE at Felts Audubon Preserve
8:00 am - 11:00 am
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7 6th Annual Charity Event
12:00 pm - 4:00 pm
Puppy paradise
Com has found a home!
Money man
Lakewood Ranch Town Hall's Finance Director Steve Zielinski is the community's money man, and he's got the cufflinks to prove it.
Observer on the hunt for displays
We're making our list of the best holiday lights displays in East County and checking it twice.


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Something definitely seemed a bit off at Irrational Games towards the end of BioShock Infinite's development. I'm guessing it wore Ken Levine down creatively and he has joined the ranks of other faces of the industry in taking a step back to more of an indie approach to his next project. It sucks that it… Continue reading
Banished Reflex Review: City Planning with Natural Consequences
Not a day goes by that I don't hear someone going on and on about the effects of humanity's overpopulation of the Earth. While I'm not proud of the damage we've done to our fair planet, as an unbelievably successful species, it's kind of tough to be upset that we're progressing so rapidly. The dodo… Continue reading
Top Video Game Podcast #201 – Just Go
Justin and Justin change up the Top Video Game Podcast a bit. They run down their thoughts on the upcoming releases of Thief, Titanfall, and Evolve before saying goodbye to Irrational Games. Plus Raiden's snark makes up for his voice. Top Video Game Podcast – Gaming topics worth talking about according to the Horrible Night staff and… Continue reading
Mega Headlines: Twitch Mac Truth
For a game that's been in development for multiples seasons of the TV show it is based on, up until this week I still had no idea what the South Park: The Stick of Truth actually looked like in action. All the screenshots and videos just looked like cutscenes that could be confused for the… Continue reading
Inventory Check! Broforce Induces Brogasm, Announces Early Access Release Date
It's been about a year and a half since we first interviewed the team behind Broforce, and the wait for all the brofeatures hasn't gotten any easier. Of course that wait is a bit easier when new features and new bros get announced (above). Bronan looks pretty devastating and confirming online multiplayer is sure to… Continue reading
The Horrible Show #501 – Aim Higher
Justin, Ethan, and Aaron break in a new format for The Horrible Show. Good decisions, bad decisions, game pitches, no one is passing judgment here, but we should probably apologize to The Wolf Among Us, Castle Doctrine, Beyond: Two Souls and more. The Horrible Show – Join the editorial staff of HorribleNight.com as they discuss a… Continue reading
Gritty is the New Pretty: The Aesthetics of Grim Dawn
While I definitely like to "ohh" and "ahh" at the beautiful scenery and imaginative creatures I tend to find in fantasy games, I've recently found myself adrift in an ocean of cuteness. In a world where netting a wide audience is more important than satisfying a niche, cute has settled in as the status quo…. Continue reading
The Horrible Gamer #022: The Puppy Cleanse
It is good to be back. Sometimes you gotta take a break and reset your gaming priorities. Sometimes you gotta take a break because you bought a puppy. Sometimes you make it so those work out over the exact same stretch of time. I gotta say I couldn't be happier with how things have been… Continue reading
Evolve Makes 4v1 Look Good From Both Sides
Turtle Rock, the developers behind Left 4 Dead definitely shook up the the multiplayer genre once before, and its next game, Evolve, may do so again. I'm a sucker for Danzig and Predator references so I stood no chance against the reveal trailer, but the gameplay demo below may have sealed my fate. On one… Continue reading
Arcade Challenge of the Week – Robotron: 2084
Zombies may be the foe of choice in modern games, but the 80's tell a different story about the true threat to humanity, robots. Robotron: 2084 even gives us a year to count down to our doom. "The game is set in the year 2084, in a fictional world where robots have turned against humans… Continue reading
Radio Waves for 02/10/14
Look who's back. Fresh off The 2013 Grimmys, it's safe to say that video games definitely happened last year and they're gonna continue happening this year. I've spent the last month returning to games that I'd barely cracked the surface on and pushed myself to get to the end credits, whether I wanted to or… Continue reading
Turbo Game Curious – Aqua Kitty: Milk Mine Defender is a Victory for Bubble Pipes
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CLARKSVILLE, Tenn. – The first quarter proved too much for Clarksville High to overcome as the Lady Wildcats lost for the third time in as many games this season, losing to Hendersonville 53-43 Tuesday night in a varisty girls basketball game. 219 more words
Tags » Shaun Robinson
Shaun Robinson attends the 18th Annual Hollywood Film Awards
Shaun Robinson attends the 18th Annual Hollywood Film Awards at The Paladium in Hollywood, California.
WIU - QC Offers Daily Catering to Students
Student Affairs would like to remind everyone about the food vendors located daily in the Riverfront Hall Catering Kitchen. 133 more words


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Very Good Recipes of Cabbage - 5
There are 511 Cabbage recipes on Very Good Recipes.
Page 5 out of 26.
Do you like cabbage recipes?
Click on the title of a recipe or the photo of a dish to read the full recipe on its author's blog.
Recipes by date | Most popular recipes
Braised Cabbage By Carpe Cibus 04/26/14 01:15 Cabbage is a vegetable that I continually try to include in our produce rotation, but I frequently find myself in a rut. Slaw and cabbage rolls are a stand by. I frequently roast thick slices of cabbage at 450 with copious amount of garlic. And I have also... Add to my recipe book
Poêlée paysanne au chou et lardons / Farmer's Skillet with Cabbage and Bacon By Les Recettes Du Panier 04/17/14 06:00 C'est en recevant la panier de la quinzaine que j'ai remarqué que j'avais complètement oublié de publier la recette du précédent panier! J'ai bien pris une photo, pensé à la rédaction mais n'ai rien mis en page. C'est donc l'objet de ce billet, vite avant... Add to my recipe book
Carrot cabbage salad By Your every day cook 04/13/14 15:54 Salads are great way to satisfy small hunger pangs and it is during such hunger pangs that I prefer to make some bowl of grated carrots and finely shredded cabbage into a tasty filling salad. Ingredients 1 cup finely grated red carrots or the regular orange... Add to my recipe book
Spicy Cabbage Curry By Adige 04/10/14 15:29 Spicy Cabbage curry is a gravy - side dish. It goes very well with chapati, poori, roti, dosa and plain rice. Lets see some benefits of using Cabbage: Cabbage is incredibly nutritious, very low in fat and calories. Cabbage contains powerful antioxidants... Add to my recipe book
Cabbage Paruppu Vadai-Crispy Channa Dal Vadai with Cabbage-No Onion No Garlic Vada Recipe By Padhuskitchen 04/10/14 13:42 Preparation: 10 min - Cooking: 30 min As Tamil New Year (Varusha Pirappu) is round the corner, I though of posting this easy vada recipe without onion and garlic. Usually during festivals, we prepare dishes without onion and garlic. This cabbage kadalai paruppu vada is not only easy to prepare... Add to my recipe book
Pork-Sweet Potato Cabbage "Rolls" By Buttoni's Low-Carb Recipes 04/09/14 20:53 This little lunch was created with leftovers from a dinner earlier this week. I had bought a lovely head of cabbage at the store Saturday and it had particularly green, undamaged outer leaves. Thought those pretty outer leaves sure would make some nice... Add to my recipe book
Pathrode dose / sanna polo / upppu huli dose / spicy dosa - from cabbage / onion / any greens By CookWithSmile 04/09/14 13:47 Bored of eating same old dosa ? Looking for some new breakfast option ? Here comes a very popular no fermentation spicy dosa from coastal Karnataka known as " Pathrode Dosa / Uppu Huli Dosa / Sanna Polo ". This dosa is very easy to make and so tasty that... Add to my recipe book
Purple Cabbage Rice By Food Corner 04/05/14 18:03 Purple Cabbage Rice These days one pot meals are very popular at our home. We prefer to eat rice at least for one meal, I cook different rice recipes by adding more vegetables into it. To change the taste, I adjust the quantities of each vegetable and try... Add to my recipe book
Cabbage Molagootal ( Cabbage cooked with lentils in spiced coconut gravy ) By Your every day cook 04/04/14 14:08 Cabbage molagootal is a very tasty gravy using coconut, spices and lentil. A complete meal by ittself when mixed with rice , its consistency can be made to suit one liking. Molagootal is a popuar Palakkad speciality , which uses mainly coconut, cumin and... Add to my recipe book
Aloo Gobi Paratha - Potato Cabbage Paratha By Akshaypatre Recipes 04/04/14 12:00 Ingredients 2 cups grated cabbage 1 cup boiled grated potato. 2 cups wheat flour (adjust accordingly) ½ cup gram flour / besan 2 tsp chilly powder ( adjust accordingly) 1 tsp turmeric powder tsp cumin seeds powder / jeera powder 1 tsp coriander powder ½... Add to my recipe book
Cabbage Sambharo Recipe | Gujarati warm cabbage salad recipe By SpiceuptheCurry 04/01/14 17:46 Preparation: 15 min - Cooking: 5 min Cabbage sambharo is nothing but the Gujarati style warm cabbage salad. It is very quick to make and requires very few ingredients. This is my go to accompaniment salad recipe when I am making only roti and subzi in the meal. There are many varieties of... Add to my recipe book
Cabbage Chutney | முட்டைகோஸ் சட்னி By Sharan's Samayalarai 03/31/14 15:01 Cabbage Chutney is a great tiffin accompaniment. Most of the people hate this healthy veggie for its odor(check notes). This chutney is a smart way to include this veggie into the diet. It is difficult to identify the veggie in this chutney. Cabbage is... Add to my recipe book
Cabbage Brown Rice / Pilaf - Easy Lunch Box Recipes By Indian Kitchen 03/31/14 10:28 Cabbage Brown Rice / Pilaf - Easy Lunch Box Recipes Cabbage Brown Rice / Pulao, a healthy one-pot meal which can be prepared during weekends or for lunch box. The perfectly cooked brown rice is well combined with Cabbage Masala. Try adding more vegetables... Add to my recipe book
Von's Cabbage Fried Cornbread By www.ByRecipes.com 03/31/14 07:44 Ingredients: Original recipe makes 15 cakes 1 tablespoon olive oil 1/2 small head cabbage, cored and sliced thin 1 onion, thinly sliced black pepper to taste 1 1/3 cups sour cream 2/3 cup milk 1/4 cup corn oil 2 eggs 2 cups cornmeal 4 teaspoons baking powder... Add to my recipe book
Stuffed cabbage rolls recipe | low fat recipes By Follow Foodie 03/26/14 05:41 Today's recipe is a easy recipe , "Stuffed Cabbage rolls " made with cabbage and some mashed potato Masala stuffing . This is a Low fat recipe and the stuffed cabbage rolls can be best served as the appetizer .This is one of the best way to feed kids with... Add to my recipe book
Ginisang Repolyo (Sauteed Cabbage) with Ground Pork and Tofu By Pinay In Texas Cooking Corner 03/24/14 23:52 If you want something quick and easy to prepare, then this Ginisang Repolyo is what you're looking for. With just a few ingredients, you'll have a yummy accompaniment for rice in no time. The best thing about this dish is its versatility. In this recipe... Add to my recipe book
Aloo Gobi Paratha - Potato Cabbage Paratha By Akshaypatre Recipes 03/24/14 17:05 Ingredients 2 cups grated cabbage 1 cup boiled grated potato. 2 cups wheat flour (adjust accordingly) ½ cup gram flour / besan 2 tsp chilly powder ( adjust accordingly) 1 tsp turmeric powder tsp cumin seeds powder / jeera powder 1 tsp coriander powder ½... Add to my recipe book
Aloo Gobi Paratha - Potato Cabbage Paratha By Akshaypatre Recipes 03/24/14 11:22 Ingredients 2 cups grated / chopped cabbage 1 cup grated potato, boiled 2 cups wheat flour (adjust accordingly) ½ cup gram flour / besan 2 tsp chilly powder ( adjust accordingly) 1 tsp turmeric powder ½ tsp cumin seeds powder / jeera powder 1 tsp coriander... Add to my recipe book
Cabbage frankie/cabbage egg roti rolls using left over cabbage curry/left over curry recipes/stuffed indian flat breads By mahaslovelyhome.com 03/23/14 20:46 I prepared this using left over cabbage curry,instead of eating it same like always with rotis or rice..The only innovative step is I added boiled n chopped egg cubes in this..It`s very easy to make and you can try with any other curries or paneer dishes... Add to my recipe book
Tomato Rice With Fried Cabbage By Mrs.Home Maker 03/17/14 07:32 I am a big fan of tomato and love to add them to every dish (almost ) . One afternoon I thought making tomato rice but with a unique combination of fried cabbage served along with raita . Amazingly this turned out to be delicious with silky texture and... Add to my recipe book


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10 January 2013
| Guy Matthews
TE SubCom has spent decades perfecting new ways to minimise the risks facing submarine cable systems. Guy Matthews talks to VP of marine services, Frank Cuccio, about the dangers facing this essential infrastructure.
TE SubCom has a substantial legacy in the undersea
communications game. It has to date deployed more than
490,000km of subsea cable, enough it claims to circle the earth
more than 12 times at the equator.
Back in the rock and roll era of the mid-1950s, it built the
first transatlantic telephone cable system, and went on to
develop and implement the first transatlantic fibre-optic link
in 1988.
More recently, it has pioneered new fibre technologies to meet
the needs of submarine cable investors. In an internet-powered
world, cable performance and resilience matter like never
before, which is why dealing with the considerable dangers that
face undersea assets is so important.
Frank Cuccio, VP marine services with TE SubCom, is an
authority on the risks that cables face, and on the right steps
for mitigating those risks.
"My role gives me the opportunity to think about risk
TE SubCom,
Frank Cuccio,
Tata Communications, Chinese vendor Huawei and submarine cable network provider Huawei Marine have today announced the successful completion of a 400G field trial on a 6,000km subsea network.
Alcatel-Lucent has upgraded the Apollo subsea cable system, which connects the UK and France to the US.
Are carriers threatened by the investment from tech companies in telecoms infrastructure? Kavit Majithia investigates.
Hibernia Networks has added a PoP at one of TelecityGroup's Dublin-based data centres in Ireland.
Capacity Asia day 2 – Pacnet scooped the award for best Asian wholesale carrier at the recent Global Carrier Awards 2014. Jim Fagan, president of managed services, explains how the carrier has used software-defined networking (SDN) to bolster its offering.
As CEO of KDDI Global Business, Hidehiko Tajima has overseen expansion into markets including Mongolia and Myanmar. Alex Hawkes reports.


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Gold was flat or slightly up, yet all of the miners were down big, and none more so than ANV who went down almost 17%. Why such an overreaction on what looks like no news?
Please don't answer unless you have something intelligent to say or at least speculate. Bashers and pumpers are not welcome
if they get anything close to the 800 mil or $1 billion for the australian assets then this thing is a huge buy. I'm guessing somewhere in the $300-$400 million range is more likely and even then I'm not optimistic that they will be able to offload any of these assets
Vale could easily deliver to the US with their cash costs of $30 per ton. Add in $20 per ton to pelletize and then another $10 to ship and you are at $60
the thing is people value stocks based on the present value of future cash flows. While today's cash flows might not be too horrible, next year and the years following will have significantly worse cash flows at current pricing levels.
That article is garbage because CLF has most of their book value tied up in their Canadian assets which they bought when IO was at $180 a ton. Now it's a $85 a ton. At this price they are worth maybe 15% what they cost back then.
US steel should probably have at least a somewhat inverse correlation to CLF. they use IO to make steel and it is getting cheaper for them to buy, thus lowering their costs. CLF on the other hand is the seller of IO
The Iron ore price has downward momentum and is currently at $85 about to break through support. Oversupply like this has never been seen before. I am long CLF but I will admit I thought Iron ore would stay at the $100-$110 level and not fall as far as it has. Honestly, while it sucks we probably shouldn't have the buyback or the dividend for that matter. We need to be hoarding cash to ride out the storm and pay down debt if we manage to get any extra pennies in earnings. It sucks because at $140 iron ore this thing is worth $45 a share, but at $85 iron ore CLF is only a very long drawn out bankruptcy.
Yes they could sell assets at fire sale prices and only keep what would marginally be profitable US assets, but the earnings owuld eventually have to be used to pay off the remaining debt after the sale of the assets. There are no buyers right now. If casa had been able to take control a year ago we would be in fine shape, but the past 12 months have show a lot of deterioration in this market.
the company they had the royalty agreement with is no longer getting the ore they want. They could buy the mine and not have to pay the royalty, thus lowering the cost of production.
ANV has been shooting up with the rise in the price of gold. This makes sense of course, but what does not make sense is how much it has been shooting up. Other highly beaten down miners like HMY, EGO, and NEM ave also been rising but not by near as much. Gold didn't go up today and ANV was up by 3% and I remember at least one other day this week. I had bee waiting to buy ANV once it got down into the $3.30s again but ended up settling for a buy in at $3.64 this week after I decided it was going to go higher before it ever went lower. I just think there has to be some kind of news lurking for it to outperform this much. Not that I mind the gains though!
When it comes to Wabush I don't think he can sell fast enough, not only was it the most unprofitable mine, there are royalty agreements attached that costs CLF money if no ore is coming out of the ground. That's one I don't mind offloading for $150 million


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1977 Rolls Royce LWB Silver Wraith 2. Power windows, Brakes, Steering. Full Connelly leather cognac interior and ever flex leather roof. A very nice... More
2001 Rolls-Royce Corniche Convertible, Peacock Blue with Magnolia primary and secondary hides, Burr Oak veneers, Dark Blue Carpets and Dark Blue convertible top. Last... More
1967 ROLLS-ROYCE SILVER SHADOW SALOON # STX-2467. A very early example of the elegant successor to the Silver Cloud series, this is finished in beautiful Sand over Sable... More
ARCTIC WHITE WITH DARK RED LEATHER INTERIOR, BURLWOOD FASCIA AND DOOR CAPS, EQUIPPED WITH AN AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION, POWER WINDOWS AM/FM COMPACT DISC PLAYER, A... More
1952 Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith touring limosine six-window Park Ward, 2-owner car, 67K original miles, 4-speed, right hand drive, 127-inch wheelbase, excellent original condition, sacrifice... More
1985 Rolls-Royce Corniche, BEAUTIFUL Magnolia Corniche with a Contrasting Blue Interior - 54K miles on this 1985 Classic Drophead Coupe Choice Auto Brokers is proud... More
Rolls Royce Corniche Convertible 1985, Tudor Red, Tan leather interior piped in Red , Tan Top. This rust free low mileage (59,000) automobile is... More
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1986 ROLLS-ROYCE SILVER SPUR FACTORY LIMOUSINE 1 OF ONLY 16 ROLLS-ROYCE FACTORY LIMOUSINE'S PRODUCED IN 1986! ONLY 11,959 ACTUAL MILES! ONLY 1-TITLE OWNER FROM NEW! BUILT FOR AND... More
To view more pictures and information please visit our website www.classiccarliquidators.com. After viewing the vehicle you may give us a call at 903-891-0000 and... More
1962 Rolls Royce Silver Cloud II '62 Rolls Royce Silver Cloud II, Left Hand Drive, white with tan interior, a/c, power windows. Very original car... More
1951 Rolls Royce Silver Wraith by ParkWard '51 Rolls Royce Silver Wraith by ParkWard, right hand drive, sunroof, 2 tone silver and navy with grey... More
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This 1971 Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow is a sharp, well-cared-for example with very low believed-to-be original miles. Originally delivered to a Ms. Milton who resided... More


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Don't waste money on big blow-up Halloween decorations for your front yard. Instead use these clever ideas and your crafty skills to make one-of-kind decorations. You'll be the envy of the neighborhood, and save a lot of money
More in Decorating
Brittni Mehlhoff
Fill your trees or front porch with free-flying ghosts. Made inexpensively from balloons and gauze fabric, these little Caspers catch the wind to add movement to your outdoor decor.
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This budget-friendly Halloween project is so easy, you can even get the kids involved. Craft your own spooky ghost that appears to...
Forget traditional fire pits: Cozy up to this creative and safe pumpkin bonfire, sure to be a crowd-pleaser this Halloween.
Create a spooky entrance for guests this Halloween season with a decorative wreath that will make even the prettiest of doors seem...
Elegant, understated and a little bit spooky: This Halloween, creep out your house guests with a haunted hotel sign.
Welcome fall guests with spooky front-door decor you can make yourself.
Give neighbors and trick-or-treaters a fright this Halloween with these spooky window silhouettes you can make yourself.
Greet trick-or-treaters with a spooktacular Halloween doormat. This reverse stenciling technique is as easy as pumpkin pie. Well,...
This Halloween night give trick-or-treaters a scare by hiding a set of glowing zombie eyes in the bushes outside your house.
Decorate your front porch or yard this Halloween season with giant bloodshot eyeballs that trick-or-treaters will remember year...
This Halloween, greet trick-or-treaters in style by lining your walkway with picture-frame lanterns filled with vintage-style...
This Halloween eve greet trick-or-treaters with illuminated paper-mache lights that you can hang from the trees or your porch.
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