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A probe for in situ quantitative detection of the concentration of an analyte in a sample includes a hollow elongated body adapted for single ended contact with the sample. The body has at least one optical fiber extended through the body for transmitting modulated light through the body, out a window at the forward end of the body, and along an optical axis into the sample to optically excite the analyte. A pressure transducer mounted beyond the window and spaced laterally away from the optical axis detects an acoustic response of the analyte to the modulated light. This probe is particularly suitable for performing remote photoacoustic analysis of analyte concentration in a sample.
1. A probe for photoacoustic analysis of a sample, comprising:
a hollow body having forward and rearward ends;
an optical fiber extended through the body for directing modulated light out of a window at said forward end and into the sample along an optical axis; and
photoacoustic detection means extended through the body to a position located beyond said window and proximate to said optical axis for detecting an acoustic response of the sample to said modulated light.
2. The probe of claim 1 wherein said photoacoustic detection means includes a pressure transducer and further comprising:
a cap connectable to said forward end, the cap housing said window in alignment with said optical axis and further having a longitudinal, hollow annulus portion projecting beyond said window for housing said pressure transducer.
3. The probe of claim 2 wherein said hollow annulus portion has arcuate inner and outer walls that define semi-circles in cross section and said pressure transducer is mounted flush against a backside surface of said inner sleeve wall.
4. The probe of claim 3 wherein said cap and said body are of stainless steel.
5. The probe of claim 1 wherein said window is a lens mounted at said forward end.
6. The probe of claim 5 wherein said lens is sapphire.
7. The probe of claim 1 and further comprising:
means for operatively coupling a modulated light source to said optical fiber for transmitting modulated light through said body, out of a lens mounted at said forward end and into the sample along said optical axis; and
measuring means operatively connected to said photoacoustic detection means for quantifying an acoustically detected response of said sample to said directed, modulated light.
8. The probe of claim 7 wherein said lens is acoustically isolated from said measuring means.
9. A system for photoacoustic detection of the concentration of an analyte in a sample, especially applicable for in situ chemical process monitoring of the sample, comprising:
a hollow body having forward and rearward ends;
a modulated light source;
at least one fiber optic cable having one end operatively coupled to said modulated light source and extended through said body with an opposite end terminating within said body for conveying modulated light from said source through said body and into said sample along an optical axis when said forward end is placed in contact with said sample;
a cap located at said forward end and having a window aligned with said optical axis to permit passage therethrough of modulated light into said sample;
a hollow annulus sleeve portion of said cap projecting beyond said window and spaced laterally away from said optical axis;
a piezoelectric transducer mounted within said sleeve for detecting an acoustic response of an analyte in said sample upon optical excitation thereof by said modulated light when said forward end is in contact therewith; and
means for quantifying said acoustically detected response in order to obtain a value representative of the concentration of the analyte in the sample.
10. An apparatus for in situ detection of the concentration of an analyte in a sample, comprising:
a hollow probe having forward and rearward ends;
means for fiber optically directing modulated light from a modulated light source through said probe, beyond said forward end, and into said sample along an optical axis to optically excite a light absorbing analyte in said sample; and
means for detecting an acoustic response of said optically excited sample, said detecting means extending through said probe beyond said forward end and spaced laterally away from said optical axis.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 and further comprising:
a lens mounted at said forward end for transmission of modulated light therethrough into the sample; and
means for isolating said detecting means from said lens.
12. A method of detecting the concentration of an analyte in a sample comprising the steps of:
placing a forward end of an elongated probe body into contact with the sample;
directing modulated light along said body via at least one optical fiber, outwardly of said body at its forward end and into said sample along an optical axis; and
acoustically detecting, via a transducer housed within said probe, a photo-generated response of said sample to said directed modulated light.
13. The method of claim 12 and further comprising the steps of:
generating an electrical signal corresponding to said acoustically detected response; and
conveying said electrical signal rearwardly within said probe body and out of said rearward end.
14. The method of claim 13 and further comprising the steps of:
inputting said electrical signal into a signal processor; and
displaying a representation of said input electrical signal at said processor.
15. The method of claim 14 and further comprising the steps of:
directing a portion of said modulated light from said source into contact with a photodiode;
generating at said photodiode an electrical signal representative of power and frequency characteristics of said modulated light;
inputting said generated signal into said signal processor for comparison with said electrical signal generated in response to said acoustical detection, thereby to obtain, by comparison of said input signals, a normalization value representative of the relationship between said concentration of said analyte in said sample and said detected response.
16. The method of claim 15 and further comprising the steps of:
using said normalization value as a reference for comparison with a normalization value obtained from the photo excitation and acoustic detection of a second volume of the same sample having an unknown concentration of the same analyte, thereby to obtain a value representative of the concentration of the analyte in said second volume of said sample.
17. A method of preparing a sample having a desired concentration of analyte further comprising the steps of:
a) placing a forward end of an elongated probe body into contact with a sample having a known concentrate of an analyte;
b) directing modulated light along said body via at least one optical fiber, outwardly of said body at its forward end and into said sample along an optical axis;
c) acoustically detecting, via a transducer housed within said probe, a photo-generated response of said sample to said directed modulated light;
d) computing a reference normalization value representative of the relationship between said detected signal and said known sample concentration;
e) directing a portion of said modulated light from said source into contact with a photodiode;
f) generating at said photodiode an electrical signal representative of power and frequency characteristics of said modulated light;
g) inputting said generated signal into said signal processor for comparison with said electrical signal generated in response to said acoustical detection, thereby to obtain, by comparison of said input signals, a normalization value representative of the relationship between said concentration of said analyte in said sample and said detected response;
h) repeating steps a) through g) for additional samples having different, known analyte concentrations, thereby to obtain additional reference normalization values to establish a reference curve corresponding to the relationship between detected normalized values and actual concentration for a range of concentrations; and
i) mixing the same analyte into another volume of the same sample, while using said probe and said photodiode to obtain a normalized value for said another volume, until said normalized value equals a value on said reference curve that corresponds to a desired concentration.
18. A method of preparing a second volume of a sample with an analyte equal in concentration to a first volume of the same sample with the same analyte, comprising the steps of:
a) placing a forward end of a first elongated photoacoustic probe into the first volume of the sample with an analyte therein;
b) optically exciting said sample via fiberoptic excitation means located at said forward end;
c) detecting an acoustic response to said excitation via detection means located at said forward end;
d) generating an electrical signal corresponding to said detected acoustic response;
e) simultaneously performing steps a) through d) with a second photoacoustic probe on a second volume of the same sample having the same analyte; and
f) adding more analyte to one of said volumes until the difference in value between said generated electric signals becomes zero.
This invention relates to the determination of the concentration of an analyte in a sample, and more particularly, to a probe for optically exciting a sample and then detecting the photoacoustic response of a light absorbing analyte in the sample to determine its concentration.
In many industrial applications, it is necessary to detect a concentration of an analyte in a sample, the sample being a liquid, gas or solid and the concentrations ranging from parts per billion to 100%. This invention relates to the remote detection and subsequent quantitative analysis that is necessary to determine the concentration of an analyte in a sample. Remote detection and analysis is typically necessary when, due to the chemical makeup of the sample or the commercial application for the analyte, intrusive or invasive detection and analysis would be either impractical or dangerous.
One method of detecting concentrations of an analyte in a sample is referred to as photoacoustic detection. In photoacoustic detection, the concentration of an analyte in a sample is detected by measuring the acoustic response of the sample after excitation by a modulated incident light of known wavelength. The magnitude of the acoustically detected signal corresponds to the concentration of the analyte within the sample. As the concentration of an analyte within the sample increases, an acoustic response of greater magnitude will be detected. By establishing a reference magnitude for a known concentration of a particular analyte in a particular sample, other unknown concentrations of the same analyte and sample can be subsequently determined.
There are a number of practical limitations associated with photoacoustic detection of an analyte in a sample, particularly if the sample is a flowing liquid or gas. For instance, it can be extremely difficult to direct a modulated incident light into a flowing sample in a manner which produces a "clean," photoacoustically detectable signal. Many attempts to provide a sufficiently clean signal involve routing of the sample through an isolated chamber and then returning the sample to its normal flow path, with optical excitation and photoacoustic detection occurring in the chamber. This enables detection of a component concentration in a liquid sample while it is in a flowing state. U.K. patent application No. 2,089,041A discloses such a device.
For many volatile and/or dangerous solutions, tapping into the sample or rerouting the flow path of the sample in this manner can be extremely cumbersome and/or expensive. However, unless the sample can be isolated in this manner, or in a similar manner, it is difficult to coordinate the direction of modulated light into the sample in a manner that will produce a clean photoacoustic response signal.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved apparatus and method for remotely directing modulated light into a sample to photoacoustically detect low concentrations of an analyte within the sample.
It is another object of the invention to provide an apparatus and method for non-invasive, accurate photoacoustic detection of the concentration of an analyte in a volatile and/or dangerous sample without requiring sample re-routing or removal.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a relatively inexpensive, improved apparatus and method for effectively and conveniently coordinating optical excitation and acoustic detection of a sample in order to quantitatively measure low concentrations of an analyte in the sample.
This invention contemplates a single ended probe for directing modulated light into a sample through optical fibers and detecting the photoacoustic response of a light absorbing analyte within the sample to determine the concentration of the analyte.
To these ends a preferred embodiment of the invention includes a single ended photoacoustic probe having an elongated, hollow cylindrical body with a cap located at a forward end. The cap has a lens serving as a window, and the cap further includes a longitudinal hollow, annulus portion that extends beyond the window. A piezoelectric transducer is housed in the annulus portion. One end of an electrical conductor is connected to the transducer and the other end of the conductor is connected to a preamplifier, which is in turn connected to one vertical input of an oscilloscope. One of the branch ends of a bifurcated fiberoptic cable extends through the probe body along an optical axis and terminates short of the window/lens. The other of the branch ends of the bifurcated cable is operatively connected to a photodiode, which is in turn connected to a second vertical input channel of the oscilloscope. A xenon flash lamp is operatively connected to the trunk of the fiberoptic cable for transmitting modulated light therealong to both the probe and the photodiode.
During analysis, the probe is placed in direct contact with a sample in order to measure the concentration of a light absorbing analyte in the sample. The xenon-flash lamp generates modulated light that is transmitted along one branch of the fiberoptic cable within the probe body, out of the lens along the optical axis and into the sample. The absorbed, modulated light produces non-radiative energy in the analyte, resulting in acoustic pulses. The piezoelectric transducer mounted within the annulus portion of the cap detects these pulses and generates an electrical signal in response thereto. The pulse-generated electrical signal is routed rearwardly through the body by the electrical leads to the preamplifier for amplification and subsequent input to the oscilloscope. Simultaneously-, an electrical signal generated by the modulated light detected by the photodiode is also input to the oscilloscope for comparison with the pulse generated electrical signal.
By comparing the voltage amplitude (i.e., vertical peak-to-peak voltage) of the pulse or acoustically generated electrical signal with the voltage amplitude of the electrical signal obtained via the photodiode, a reference normalization value can be obtained. By plotting enough reference normalization values for various known concentrations of a particular analyte in a particular sample, a reference normalization curve can be plotted for a relatively wide range of concentrations. Subsequently, by normalizing the photodiode detected signal with respect to the photoacoustically detected signal from a sample of unknown concentration, the measured normalized value for the unknown concentration may be compared to the reference curve to determine the unknown concentration. Preferably, the reference normalization values used to obtain the reference curve are obtained by averaging the measured values from a number of tests.
This probe is capable of detecting analyte concentrations in a sample ranging from one hundred percent down to a few parts per million. Compared to other forms of transmission spectroscopy, this probe provides equivalent sensitivity ranges within a shorter optical transmission length. For these reasons, the probe is simpler to use and is less expensive. Compared to other photoacoustic probes, this probe facilitates remote sample analysis because it does not require rerouting or extracting of the sample from a flow line. A single ended probe body is used to both direct the modulated light into the sample and to acoustically detect the sample response, and therefore measurements can be made in situ within the sample to provide real-time monitoring in a processing environment. Because the relationship between actual concentration and normalized value (i.e., obtained from the photodiode and photoacoustic signals) has been found to be substantially linear for a frequently used, operable range of concentrations, the use of the probe requires very little signal interpretation or computation on the part of an operator.
According to another feature of the invention, the probe may be used to prepare a sample having a desired concentration of a known analyte. This can be accomplished by adding an analyte to a sample, during monitoring with the single-ended probe, until a normalization value calculated from measured photodiode and photoacoustic values becomes equal to a reference normalization value corresponding to a desired concentration.
Alternately, two probes may be used to prepare a second volume of a sample that is equal in analyte concentration to a first volume of the same sample. Each probe is initially zeroed independently in a reference solution, then zeroed again simultaneously in the first volume of the sample of the desired concentration. Subsequently, one of the probes is inserted into a second volume of the sample (of lower analyte concentration) while the other of the probes remains in the first volume. Thereafter, analyte is added to the second volume until the voltage amplitude difference between the photoacoustically generated electrical signals becomes zero.
One particularly useful and practical application for this photoacoustic probe includes the detection and monitoring of low concentrations of herbicides like 2, 4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D] in ground water run off occurring in agricultural lands.
These and other features of the invention will be more readily understood in view of the drawings, and the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic showing the components of a photoacoustic analysis system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a single ended probe depicted in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along lines 3--3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a table which shows concentration values of fluorene in a methanol solution and normalized photoacoustically detected voltage values for the same solution;
FIG. 6 graphically depicts the concentration values versus the normalized values of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a table which shows concentration of fluorene in another prepared solution of methanol and normalized photoacoustically detected voltage values for the same solution;
FIG. 8 is a graph depicting the concentration values versus the normalized values of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a table which shows concentration values of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in a sodium hydroxide solution and normalized photoacoustically detected voltage values for the same solution; and
FIG. 10 graphically depicts the concentration versus the photoacoustically detected values of FIG. 9.
FIG. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention comprising a photoacoustic detection system 10 useful for determining the concentration of an analyte in a liquid sample 12 flowing through a pipe 11, for example. For this purpose, a single end of the probe 13 is placed directly in contact with the sample 12. The probe 13 includes an elongated, hollow body 14 with a length of about 12 inches, with a first or forward end 15 extending into the pipe 1 and in contact with the sample 12. According to this embodiment, the probe 13 includes a flange 17 bolted to a flange 18 of an outlet port 19 in the pipe 11. During times when analysis is not taking place, the body 14 may be withdrawn and outlet port 19 capped off, or plugged in any suitable manner to prevent leakage. Alternately, if desired, the probe body 14 alone may remain in place in the pipe 11, with the other components of the system 10 inserted into the body 14 and connected only when analysis is to take place.
During analysis, light directed from the flash lamp 23 initially follows a path indicated by directional arrow 26 onto a lens 27, preferably a 25.0 mm plano-convex silica lens such as a Melles Griot, Model LQP 177. This lens 27 focuses the light upon a wide gap 225 nm filter 29. Some of the light is conveyed via a fiberoptic cable 22 through a rearward end 24 of the body 14, along the body 14, through a window (not shown in FIG. 1) located at forward end 15, and into the sample along an optical axis 25. Additionally, a portion of the light from the source 23 is also conveyed by a fiber or fiber cable 32 to a photodiode 31, which is connected to an input of one of the vertical channels of an oscilloscope 41. Preferably, a bifurcated cable is used, with the trunk end of the cable connected to filter 29 and cable 32 serving as one branch for directing modulated light to photodiode 31 and cable 22 serving as the other branch for directing the modulated light to the probe 14. The filter 29 prevents individual fibers of cables 22 and 32 from degrading due to prolonged UV exposure. The individual fibers of the fiber cables 22 and 32 may be of various thicknesses. Moreover, cables containing any number of optical fibers may be used, although a single optical fiber with a single insulation tube seems to provide optimum results.
The flash lamp 23 may be a short arc (3 mm) Xenon-flash lamp made by EG&G, sold as Model No. 2P-3, which has a UV-Vis rich spectrum (200-1100 nm). The power supply for flash lamp 23 may be an EG&G power supply (not shown), Model No. PS-450, which provides a high voltage output of 950 volts. Flash durations of 10 microseconds may be obtained by discharging 5.5 joules of energy to the bulb of the flash lamp 23 from an external 12 microfarad capacitor (not shown). A Dynascan square wave generator, Model No. 3020 (not shown), may be used to send trigger pulses to the flash lamp 23 via the power supply and trigger an EG&G "Lite Pac" transformer, Model No. FY-900. This set up provides trigger pulses with a 5.0 volt DC amplitude, a 200 microsecond duration, and 200 millisecond delay times. Typical flashrates of 3-5 Hz may be achieved by setting the frequency dial of the square wave generator to 0.15-0.25�104 kHz. Because long term (1 min) average power with this set up is limited to 60 watts, flashrates will never exceed 10 Hz.
Preferably a Hoffman enclosure made from fourteen gauge steel serves as a radio frequency grounded shield for the flash lamp 23 assembly. If utilized, such an enclosure should be modified to include louvers and fans in the side walls to provide forced air cooling for the flash lamp 23 and trigger transformer. Otherwise, the components may fail to operate at temperatures above 60� C.
The directing of modulated light into the sample generates a sound wave or pulse in a light absorbing analyte within the sample. The sound waves are detected by a pressure transducer 34, preferably a piezoelectric detector, which is located beyond the window and is spaced laterally away from the optical axis 25. A Vernitron model PZT-5A may be used. A transducer of this type employs a sensor of lead titinate-zirconate piezoelectric ceramic, with silvered faces.
In response to acoustic detection, the transducer 34 generates an electrical signal that is relayed through the body 14 by an electrical lead 38 for input into a preamplifier 39, which may be a Tektronix model AM502. The amplified signal is then input to one of the vertical channels of the signal processor, such as a waveform processing oscilloscope 41. A Tektronix model 7854 oscilloscope may be used. A voltage corresponding to the acoustically detected response can be displayed and measured on the oscilloscope 41, and subsequently transmitted via an electrical cable 43 to a computer 44. If desired, the time varying voltage may be recorded or stored by the computer 44 and subsequently printed by a printer 46 connected to the computer 44.
As mentioned previously, the output of the photodiode 31 is also input to one of the vertical channels of the oscilloscope 41. The acoustically detected waveforms obtained from the probe 14 typically comprise several superimposed frequencies that are proportional to the pipe 11 dimensions or the dimensions of a cell which holds the sample. The amplitudes of the high frequency (150 kHz) acoustically detected waveforms may be used for concentration measurements by normalizing these waveforms against the amplitude of the photodiode-generated electrical signal.
FIG. 3 depicts, in greater detail, a preferred embodiment of the forward end 15 of probe 14. As shown, both the window and the transducer 34 are housed within a cap 35 located at the forward end 15 of the probe 14. The cap 35 may be integrally formed with the body 14 or simply connectable thereto. Preferably, both the cap 35 and the body 14 are of stainless steel, and the cap 35 is threadably connected to forward end 15. A window 40 or lens 10 is located in the center of the cap 35 in alignment with optical axis 25. The lens 40 is preferably plano convex in shape, made of sapphire and has a thickness of about 5 mm with a focal length of about 9 mm. The lens 40 reduces light beam divergence, or collimates the light, as it is directed into the sample. The cap 35 also includes a longitudinal, hollow, annulus portion 47 that extends beyond lens 40 and which houses the transducer 34. The annulus portion 47 has longitudinally extending inner 48 and outer 49 semicircular shaped walls. Preferably, annulus portion 47 has a longitudinal dimension of about 0.58", and the radial distance between wall 48 and wall 49 is about 0.31". This places inner wall 48 a radial distance of about 0.19" from optical axis 25.
As shown more clearly in FIG. 4, the piezoelectric transducer 34 is mounted flush against a backside surface 50 of the inner wall 48, and is oriented perpendicular to optical axis 25, thereby optimizing acoustic sensitivity. The transducer 34 is preferably held against back side surface 50 by a leaf spring 65. The transducer 34 is also mounted to a lead backing 51 that is connected to an electrical lead 38 which extends along the length of the probe body 14 and out rearward end 24. In order to measure a voltage, or a potential difference with respect to ground, a second lead (not shown) serves as the ground reference and is connected separately to ah outer surface 52 of the probe body 14, proximate rearward end 24.
The fiberoptic cable 2 extends through body 14 into a hollow mounting ring 55 which is frictionally held on its external surface by another ring 56 that threadably connects within a core section 58 of the cap 35. The sapphire lens 40 is held in place by a circular flange 59 at the forward end of core 58 and by two O-rings 60 and 61. This overall structure places the lens 40 about 9 mm, i.e., its focal length, from the end of cable 22, and it also prevents sample leakage into the probe body 14. Moreover, O-rings 60 and 61 acoustically isolate the light delivery system to substantially reduce adverse effects that may otherwise be caused by undesired photoacoustic detection of scattered light transmitted through the fiber bundle 22.
FIGS. 5, 7 and 9 are tables which show results obtained with a probe 10 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, as described herein. Column 0 represents the trial number. Column 1 represents the total volume of the sample solution used for the particular trial. Column 2 shows the known analyte concentration in the sample volume. Column 4 shows the photoacoustically detected peak-to-peak voltage amplitudes. Column 4 shows peak-to-peak voltage amplitudes obtained via the photodiode, and column 5 represents normalized values, i.e., column 4 divided by column 3. FIGS. 6, 8 and 10 graphically depict the known sample concentrations versus the normalized values shown in column 5 for FIGS. 5, 7 and 9, respectively. FIGS. 5-8 show results obtained from concentrated stock solutions of fluorene in methanol (0.71 wt %). FIGS. 9 and 10 show results obtained with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D] (2.41 wt %) in 5% NAOH water. The graphs confirm, for a frequently used, operable range of analyte concentrations, a substantially linear relationship between prepared solution concentration and the normalized values obtained from measured photoacoustic and photodiode values.
As mentioned previously, these charts and/or graphs may be used to assist in subsequent photo-acoustic detection of analyte concentration in a sample. Moreover, the plotted reference curve may also be used to prepare samples having a desired analyte concentration level.
Although the probe 13 as shown in FIG. 1 is adapted for in-line photoacoustic analysis of a liquid sample flowing through the pipe 11, it is to be understood that the forward probe end 15 could also be placed directly in a non-flowing pool of the liquid sample, or the probe body 14 mounted to an enclosed, sample holding device or cell. Additionally, the forward probe end 15 could be positioned in contact with either a solid sample or a gas sample. In the case where a gas sample is to be monitored, as in stack emissions or perimeter monitoring, a microphone would be the preferred pressure transducer rather than the piezoelectric sensor.
Moreover, it is understood this invention also contemplates various other acoustic and sensor configurations. One advantage associated with the particular embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 relates to the fact that the acoustic sensor geometry substantially matches the optically-generated acoustic wave geometry. That is, the semicircular shape of the sensor places all points on its surface substantially equidistant from the optical axis traversed by the light beam, thereby maximizing sensitivity. Nevertheless, numerous other geometric orientations of the acoustic sensor with respect to the optical axis would be suitable, and within the scope of the claims.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, other modifications and advantages will become readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and applicant intends to be bound only by the claims appended hereto.
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Tree City Turkey Trot
Register Now for the 2014 Turkey Trot
2 ways to register:
1. Click on the right side of the page and register online
2. Click on this link for a registration form, bring it into the office or mail it in
2014 Tree City Turkey Trot registration form
2014 Tree City Turkey Trot registration form
Last years race attendance was the most in the history of the race. Even though the weather was at its worst, we saw so many families, children, avid racers come out and fight through the storm. We commend all of the races and hope to see you next Thanksgiving!!
Photo's from 2013 race!!

subset: commoncrawl


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Facebook To Roll-Out New Website & Mobile App Custom Audience Feature
Facebook announced today a new website and mobile app custom audience feature to be released globally in the coming months. According to the announcement, a select group of test partners are currently using the new feature that allows marketers to place ads in News Feeds of people who have visited their website or downloaded their mobile app:
For instance, a bike retailer could reach people who started designing bikes on its website but didn't make a purchase. Through custom audiences, the company can reach these people via desktop News Feed and encourage them to finish customizing online. Or, a mobile travel app can deliver ads to people who have downloaded their app but haven't used it in a while and encourage them to book getaways within the app.
Facebook says the new feature will work with all of its ad formats and targeting capabilities. For privacy concerns, the announcement noted Facebook's website and mobile custom audiences code was built so people can control the ads they see.
The announcement clarified that the website and mobile app custom audience feature is similar to the remarketing solutions currently being used by marketers via third-party tools through FBX, but explained, "Marketers will use FBX and website and mobile app custom audiences in different ways."
Facebook says FBX is better suited for advertisers with a large catalog of products and multiple audiences, while the website and mobile app custom audience feature is a good fit for businesses that "don't typically work with third parties."
DON'T MISS OUT! The agenda for Marketing Land's SMX West search marketing show is now up. Search marketing is the biggest area of digital marketing. You can't afford to get it wrong! SMX has practical tips & techniques for those experienced with SEO & SEM plus a welcoming environment for beginners. Learn more!
(Some images used under license from Shutterstock.com.)
Kick off each Monday with the best news and ideas in social media.


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Save to My Recipes
Vitamin C Brew
"Tastes like a boozy Orangina; I could drink 'em all day long." –Claire Saffitz, assistant food editor
Published: July 2014 Servings: Makes 1
- 2 oz. fresh orange juice
- 1 oz. gin
- American-style lager (such as Miller High Life)
- Orange wheel (for serving)
PREPARATIONView Step-by-Step Directions
Combine orange juice and gin in a pint glass filled with ice. Top off with beer. Garnish with orange wheel.
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Advice from the Bon Appétit Test Kitchen
Take the Adventure Path
Camping and picnic food don't need to consist of dried-out potatoes and store-bought macaroni salad. Make dining al fresco fresh again
Out of the Kitchen
Welcome to our ongoing exploration of America's coolest food artisans. We'll be bringing their knowledge and expertise back to our home kitchens—and to yours.
All Hail the Hot 10!
From a food truck to a "pastry luncheonette," these are the Best New Restaurants in America
Raspberry SnakebiteThis twist on a Snakebite and Black cocktail uses raspberry lambic instead of hard cider.
Aperol Mist"A more flavorful, slightly stronger version of an Aperol Spritz. Who could be mad at that?" –Alison Roman, senior associate food editor
Sriracha-LadaA hot-sauce Michelada with some serious kick.
Irish Manhattan
The ElvisBitter notes from grapefruit and ale balance the floral sweetness of the gin and liqueur—one sip and it will all make sense.


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Nearly 2,000 public comments received in response to proposed Frederick County, Md., facility.
The Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) has made final determinations to issue permits for a proposed waste-to-energy (WTE) facility in Frederick County, Md. The DEP is issuing permits and approvals that require the proposed facility to meet all applicable environmental laws and regulations for air emissions, water discharge and refuse disposal. The permits and approvals are effective February 21, 2014.
The permits and approvals are for the proposed Frederick/Carroll County Renewable Waste-to-Energy Facility in Frederick, Md. The applicant of the WTE is Northeast Maryland Waste Disposal Authority. The operator is Wheelabrator Technologies Inc. The proposed facility is designed to incinerate municipal sol-id waste, biosolids and scrap tires to meet the long-term solid waste disposal needs of Frederick and Carroll Counties and produce about 55 megawatts gross/45 megawatts net of electricity.
Under law, local jurisdictions are responsible for developing strategies to handle their solid waste. The location of any solid waste facility is a local land use consideration and is managed through local zoning and land use laws. Maryland law and regulation requires that MDE limit its review of permit and approval applications to the effect that a facility might have on the environment and public health. MDE's technical analysis of the permit and approval applications has shown that the facility can be built and operated in a manner that is fully in compliance with Maryland law and regulation to protect public health and the environment. The air quality permits and approvals include requirements to limit and mitigate mercury emissions that are more stringent than what is required under state and federal law.
Environmental laws and regulations provide for public participation in the permit application process. MDE highly values public review and comment. The department conducted a public hearing on the water discharge permit application and another public hearing on the air, water and refuse disposal permit and approval applications. Nearly 100 people testified at the hearings. The Department also received written comments from more than 1,800 individuals and several organizations. All comments were considered.
In response to some of the comments received, previously issued air quality and refuse disposal draft permits and approvals were modified before the final determination was made.
Modifications for the air permit include the following:
Michelle Nadeau, a spokesperson for Wheelabrator Technologies, says, "We thank the Maryland Department of the Environment for its thorough and thoughtful review process, and we look forward to working with Frederick County and the Northeast Maryland Waste Disposal Authority to move forward on this important renewable energy project."
Click below for a video about the project.
Clearfleau says Nestlé AD system yielding sweet results http://dlvr.it/7bWXQY Friday, November 21, 2014 05:10:40 PM
Oregon DEQ fines Agilyx Tuesday, November 18, 2014 10:29:22 AM
Waste Management opens renewable gas facility Thursday, November 13, 2014 01:22:39 PM
Synagro names president and CEO http://dlvr.it/7TtXWz Tuesday, November 11, 2014 10:44:13 AM
EcoExpo Asia 2014: Mass burn gaining steam in China http://dlvr.it/7RxNSp Friday, November 07, 2014 01:42:10 PM
Team Gemini releases update on the Gemini Synergy center Friday, November 07, 2014 12:08:38 PM
Ohio County rejects recycling facility proposals Wednesday, November 05, 2014 08:43:09 AM
CP Global names new CEO http://dlvr.it/7QGxMf Tuesday, November 04, 2014 01:35:06 PM
@GM using #WTE steam: http://ow.ly/DK4f0 Tuesday, November 04, 2014 08:35:15 AM
BHS names new technology director http://dlvr.it/7Q7rZd Tuesday, November 04, 2014 08:23:16 AM
The #Renewable #Energy from #Waste Conference #REW14 is two weeks away! Register... Monday, November 03, 2014 11:25:55 AM
GWE waste-to-energy technology nominated for global energy award http://dlvr.it/... Sunday, November 02, 2014 12:28:11 AM
DTE Biomass dedicates renewable energy facility in North Carolina Saturday, November 01, 2014 12:51:37 AM
HZI acquires AD technology Friday, October 31, 2014 04:39:05 PM
Enerkem announces new project partnership in China Friday, October 31, 2014 12:01:07 PM
Harvest Power raises $20 million in new financing http://dlvr.it/7Mrx6X Thursday, October 30, 2014 05:00:06 PM
Settlement reached over Detroit WTE plant odors Wednesday, October 29, 2014 04:00:26 AM
Sunshine Gas Producers starts up landfill-gas-to-electricity plant Monday, October 27, 2014 06:07:37 AM
AECOM Technology awarded contract for New York City biogas project Friday, October 24, 2014 09:48:10 AM
This video about the #REW14 Conference says it all! http://ow.ly/D7OQe Wednesday, October 22, 2014 02:56:04 PM
Join us in November Tuesday, October 21, 2014 05:21:21 PM
Amazing speaker lineup at #REW14 http://ow.ly/D42F3 Tuesday, October 21, 2014 11:31:35 AM
The Sept/Oct issue of Renewable Energy from Waste is now available. Read the San... Monday, October 20, 2014 05:54:16 PM
Wastecon 2014: Zero waste to landfill takes more than recycling http://dlvr.it/7... Monday, October 20, 2014 11:57:38 AM
Oklahoma MRF receives sustainability stewardship award http://dlvr.it/7GGTGy Monday, October 20, 2014 09:54:08 AM
5811 Canal Road
Valley View, OH 44125 USA


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All Schools
(180) All Schools
(180) High Schools
(34) High Schools
(34) Elementary Schools
(148) Elementary Schools
(148) Preschools
(123) Preschools
(180) All Schools
(180) High Schools
(34) High Schools
(34) Elementary Schools
(148) Elementary Schools
(148) Preschools
(123) Preschools
There are 180 private schools in Florida belonging to the National Catholic Educational Association (NCEA), serving 69,450 students.
National Catholic Educational Association (NCEA) Private Schools
- School Location Students Grades
Fort LauderdaleAll Saints Catholic School
10900 W Oakland Park Blvd
Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33351
(954)742-4842(Roman Catholic)251 students | Gr. K-9
JupiterAll Saints Catholic School
1759 Indian Creek Parkway
Jupiter, FL, 33458
(561)748-8994(Roman Catholic)458 students | Gr. PK-8
Sanford All Souls Catholic School
810 S Oak Avenue
Sanford, FL, 32771
(407)322-7090(Roman Catholic)265 students | Gr. PK-8
Altamonte Springs Annunciation Catholic Academy
593 Jamestown Blvd
Altamonte Springs, FL, 32714
(407)774-2801(Roman Catholic)511 students | Gr. K-9
MiddleburgAnnunciation Catholic School
1610 Blanding Blvd.
Middleburg, FL, 32068
(904)282-0504(Roman Catholic)427 students | Gr. PK-8
MiamiArchbishop Carroll High School
10300 Sw 167th Ave
Miami, FL, 33196
(305)388-6700(Roman Catholic)602 students | Gr. 9-12
MiamiArchbishop Curley Notre Dame High School
4949 Ne 2nd Ave
Miami, FL, 33137
(305)751-8367(Roman Catholic)316 students | Gr. 6-12
Fort LauderdaleArchbishop Edward A. McCarthy High School
5451 S Flamingo Rd
Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33330
(954)434-8820(Roman Catholic)n/a students | Gr. 9-12
JacksonvilleAssumption Catholic School
2431 Atlantic Blvd
Jacksonville, FL, 32207
(904)398-1774(Roman Catholic)481 students | Gr. PK-8
Daytona BeachBasilica School Of St Paul
317 Mullally St
Daytona Beach, FL, 32114
(386)252-7915(Roman Catholic)133 students | Gr. PK-8
JacksonvilleBishop John J Snyder High School
5001 Samaritan Way
Jacksonville, FL, 32210
(904)771-1029(Roman Catholic)476 students | Gr. 9-12
JacksonvilleBishop Kenny High School
1055 Kingman Ave
Jacksonville, FL, 32207
(904)398-7569(Roman Catholic)1236 students | Gr. 9-12
Port RicheyBishop Larkin Catholic School
8408 Monarch Dr
Port Richey, FL, 34668
(727)862-6981(Roman Catholic)292 students | Gr. PK-8
OrlandoBishop Moore Catholic High School
3901 Edgewater Dr
Orlando, FL, 32804
(407)293-7561(Roman Catholic)1134 students | Gr. 9-12
Fort MyersBishop Verot Catholic High School
5598 Sunrise Drive
Fort Myers, FL, 33919
(239)274-6747(Roman Catholic)637 students | Gr. 9-12
SeminoleBlessed Sacrament Catholic School
11501 66th Avenue N.
Seminole, FL, 33772
(727)391-4060(Roman Catholic)200 students | Gr. PK-8
JacksonvilleBlessed Trinity Catholic School
10472 Beach Blvd
Jacksonville, FL, 32246
(904)641-6458(Roman Catholic)210 students | Gr. PK-8
Miami Springs Blessed Trinity Catholic School
4020 Curtiss Pkwy
Miami Springs, FL, 33166
(305)871-5766(Roman Catholic)248 students | Gr. PK-8
OcalaBlessed Trinity School
5 Se 17th St
Ocala, FL, 34471
(352)622-5808(Roman Catholic)864 students | Gr. K-9
Fort LauderdaleCardinal Gibbons High School
2900 Ne 47th St
Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33308
(954)491-2900(Roman Catholic)1128 students | Gr. 9-12
SarasotaCardinal Mooney High School
4171 Fruitville Road
Sarasota, FL, 34232
(941)371-4917(Roman Catholic)500 students | Gr. 9-12
West Palm BeachCardinal Newman High School
512 Spencer Dr
West Palm Beach, FL, 33409
(561)683-6266(Roman Catholic)688 students | Gr. 9-12
MiamiCarrollton School Of The Sacred Heart
3747 Main Hwy
Miami, FL, 33133
(305)446-5673786 students | Gr. PK-12
All-girls (Roman Catholic)
St Augustine Cathedral Parish School
259 Saint George St
St Augustine, FL, 32084
(904)824-2861(Roman Catholic)274 students | Gr. KG-8
MelbourneCentral Catholic High School
100 E Florida Ave
Melbourne, FL, 32901
(321)727-0793(Roman Catholic)375 students | Gr. 9-12
MiamiChampagnat Catholic School - Miami Campus
2609 Nw 7th St
Miami, FL, 33125
(305)642-4132(Roman Catholic)210 students | Gr. K-12
Jacksonville Christ The King Catholic School
6822 Larkin Road
Jacksonville, FL, 32211
(904)724-2954(Roman Catholic)481 students | Gr. PK-8
Tampa Christ The King Catholic School
3809 W Morrison Avenue
Tampa, FL, 33629
(813)876-8770(Roman Catholic)519 students | Gr. PK-8
MiamiChristopher Columbus High School
3000 Sw 87th Ave
Miami, FL, 33165
(305)223-56501391 students | Gr. 9-12
All-boys (Roman Catholic)
ClearwaterClearwater Central Catholic High School
2750 Haines Bayshore Rd
Clearwater, FL, 33760
(727)531-1449(Roman Catholic)462 students | Gr. 9-12
Merritt Island Divine Mercy Catholic Academy
1940 N Courtenay Pkwy
Merritt Island, FL, 32953
(321)452-0263(Roman Catholic)166 students | Gr. PK-8
VeniceEpiphany Cathedral School
316 Sarasota Street
Venice, FL, 34285
(941)488-2215(Roman Catholic)267 students | Gr. PK-8
Lake CityEpiphany Catholic School
1937 Sw Epiphany Ct
Lake City, FL, 32025
(386)752-2320(Roman Catholic)94 students | Gr. KG-8
MiamiEpiphany School
5557 Sw 84th Street
Miami, FL, 33143
(305)667-5251(Roman Catholic)962 students | Gr. PK-8
Safety HarborEspiritu Santo Catholic School
2405a Phillippe Pkwy
Safety Harbor, FL, 34695
(727)812-4650(Roman Catholic)488 students | Gr. K-9
Show 100 more schools in Florida (145 private schools)
State Statistics
|About This State (FL)
|(FL) State Statistics
|Nationwide Statistics
|Population (Approximate)
|18,032,139 people
|304,788,332 people
|Age 25+ w/College Degree
|Median Household Income
Recent Articles
Updated October 26, 2014
What do you do when you are dissatisfied with your local public schools? Homeschool your children? Send them to private school? Let's look at your options.
Your religion matters to you. You want your child to attend a school which will combine academics and religious education. Here is an overview of what is available together with some links to denominational web sites.
Add things up and you'll quickly find the answer- math is crucial both in academics and the real world. By following these strategies and following personal training programs, students can uncover their weaknesses and conquer math.


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Brielle shooting suspect once was lawman in Essex County
Worked for Essex Co. Sheriff's Office
9:00 PM, Jun. 21, 2013
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Brielle shooting suspect once was lawman in Essex County
For nearly two decades, Louis Cataldo fought crime for the Essex County Sheriff's Office. Now, the owner of Brielle's Sand Bar Restaurant may face life in prison if convicted of a recent shooting.
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Hotel RRR
Rangacharlu Memorial Hall
Silver Jubilee Clock Tower
Devaraja Market
Dating from Tipu Sultan's reign, this lively bazaar has local traders selling traditional items such as flower garlands, spices and...
Indra Café's Paras
Take your pick from South (Rs30) or North (Rs60) Indian-style thalis at this popular joint opposite the main market. It's perpetually...
Gandhi Sq · interesting places nearby
Hotel RRR information
Classic Andhra-style food is ladled out at this ever-busy eatery, and you may have to queue for a table during lunch. One item to try is the piping-hot veg thali (₹85) served on banana leaves. There's a second branch on Harsha Rd.


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FAIRFIELD, Conn. – Here's a list of the paid residential home sales in Fairfield for the week of Feb. 4 to 8, as reported to the Fairfield town clerk's office:
▪ Gloria E. Cherney sold 168 Fairfield Beach Road to Michael J. Daly for $635,000.
▪ Deborah T. Zindell sold 133 Smedley Road to Ines E. and Edmond Heinrich for $592,500.
▪ The Estate of Davine Ann Beztanza sold 438 Lucille St. to Christine Condulescu for $390,000.
▪ Robert L. and Lynne F. Thomas sold 86 Edward St. to John and Rachel Hovan for $550,000.
▪ Yuxin Cao sold 41 Flushing Ave. to Erik K. Marko for $340,000.
▪ Stephen R. and Margaret A. Havery sold 1444 Melville Ave. to Robert Warren for $185,000.
▪ Phyllis Fortuna sold 478 Round Hill Road to Jack L. and Diane D. Lederer for $375,000.
- 1 Police Track Down Suspect After Southport Residents Interrupt Home Burglary
- 2 Connecticut Report Cites Missed Opportunities To Help Sandy Hook Shooter
- 3 Happy Birthday To Fairfield's Tina Weymouth
- 4 Snow Threatens Fairfield County On Busiest Travel Day Of The Year
- 5 Malloy: Avoid Travel Wednesday Due To Storm


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Wildlife Conservation Society
1 person found this helpful
"Great cause, terrible work environment "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I worked at Wildlife Conservation Society
The WCS' expansive, well developed mission is very commendable. Scientists and researchers out in the field make incredible strides in the effort to save wildlife and wild places, and everyone within the organization seems to know and respect this. While the Bronx Zoo's location is not very convenient for commuters (particularly at night), the Zoo itself is quite beautiful and well maintained.
As the previous Development employees/reviewers have mentioned, working on the lower-mid rungs of this department can be incredibly demoralizing. The clique-friendly environment that results from such excessively high turnover makes it very easy for "established" employees (many of whom have barely been in the department for a year) to purposely withhold training opportunities and vital assignment details from newer employees. Personally, any attempts made to proactively and professionally ask questions of colleagues during the training period, or make suggestions for streamlined processes, may be met with outright derision, personal attacks and subsequent complaints to your supervisor. The vague and vacillating nature of employees' exact responsibilities in terms of projects and daily tasks contributes to the atmosphere of confusion, fear and hostility.
Improve training and transparency. I also suggest improving safety measures for employees who must walk through the empty zoo and the streets of the Bronx at night.
31 Other Employee Reviews for Wildlife Conservation Society (View Most Recent)Sort: Rating Date
2 people found this helpful
"Challenging, Rewarding Place to Work - if you are willing to make the effort "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at Wildlife Conservation Society full-time (more than an year)Pros
You are working for an important cause. Having an office inside the beautiful Bronx Zoo certainly doesn't hurt either. The people are great and the work is challenging. If you are willing to work hard to define your role, you can make a significant contribution and expand your range of experiences. A self-motivated individual can make things happen.
The new CEO is already making his presence felt and good things look to be coming out of this. A clearer vision and more precisely defined strategy should give WCS new life.Cons
Direction has been missing at times. The organization is trying to do so many things that some, inevitably, fall through the cracks. The various parts of the organization don't always communicate as well as they might - a bit of a silo mentality exists, but it is getting better.
It has been somewhat hierarchical and inflexible. Under the new CEO, this looks to change.
Getting to and from the Bronx, via public transit, can be a challenge.Advice to ManagementAdvice
Be more inclusive. Break down the silo thinking by getting representatives from different departments talking earlier in a project and more frequently, throughout. Be willing to take risks and break new ground.RecommendsPositive OutlookApproves of CEO
"Demanding environment where you can learn a lot and great mission. "
- Comp & Benefits
- Work/Life Balance
- Senior Management
- Culture & Values
- Career Opportunities
I have been working at Wildlife Conservation Society full-time (more than 5 years)Pros
Smart colleagues, beautiful work setting, clear goals, and team work is valued. WCS is one of the most influential conservation organizations globally, which makes it an inspiring place to work. I work in the Global Resources/Fundraising area and, while there have been a lot of changes, the energy level is high and the group is doing amazing work on behalf of the broader organization. Dynamic new CEO is a plus.Cons
Need better communication across the organization.Advice to ManagementAdvice
Keep up the increased focus on training and boost recognition of strong performers.RecommendsPositive Outlook


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Located just minutes from Nationals Park, Cantina Marina is a casual beach-themed joint situated on the end of the Gangplank Pier – and one of the only waterfront...
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The Red Bull Motocross of Nations will return to the UK in September
By Paul Harris -
21 January 2008 15:07
The FIM has announced that the most prestigious race in the motocross calendar will return to the UK in September.
The Red Bull Motocross of Nations is an annual event frequently labelled the Olympics of Motocross, where riders compete for their countries rather than for individual glory, and it's a major feather in the cap of the ACU that the event is to be hosted by Britain on the 27th and 28th of September.
Originally the event had been scheduled to take place in Northern Ireland, but doubts over the capability of the proposed site to handle the size of crowd that an MXoN typically attracts led to a rethink and a search for an alternative venue - the search ended when Donington Park stepped forward.
The Leicestershire circuit had a successful debut run at hosting an International motocross event when the British Motocross Grand Prix was held there last August, but was not listed as the venue for the same event this year - there's little doubt, however, that Donington is the only circuit in the UK currently capable of holding a motocross race of this size.
In a press release from Donington Park Leisure, circuit director Robert Fearnall said "It was always our intention to host more top motocross events, and now we will be working extremely hard to build a larger fan base for motocross by taking it to our large road-racing audiences in putting together exhibition races at both the British Motorcycle Grand Prix, and the World Superbike Championship meeting."
Unusually, the event was last held in the UK only 18 months ago, at Matterly Basin near Winchester - it is unlikely, however, that British fans will be upset at the event returning to the UK so soon.
First run in 1947, the event has been most recently dominated by Team USA since their first victory in 1981 - the Americans currently have the most victories, with 17, ahead of Great Britain on 16 and Belgium on 14.
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Wont hear me complain
23 January 2008 02:38
Not enough room in Northern Ireland??
22 January 2008 22:05
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by Paul Burka
Sun January 7, 2007 10:23 am
I know that bloggers aren't allowed to have a life, but just for once I'm going to try to have one today. There's a big bridge tournament, I'm a serious player, I played a little yesterday and I'm going to play a lot today. I'm really sorry to be so selfish. Please excuse Mr. Burka on account of important business.
I hear that there are going to be a couple of more defections to Pitts today. I'll catch up on everything and post this evening.
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Composite Fencing
Can anyone recommend a composite fencing? Timber Tech has one but only one color which I don't care for. Looking for one that weathers well in a greyish color. Thanks!
|All times are GMT -5. The time now is 09:43 PM.
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I can't believe weigh in is tommorrow, I need more time. I mean the last couple of days have been great, but it is the ones before that and the week before that i'm worried about. I can do this, I can see my goals come to reality. I will see this through. Each journey begins with just a step. Why is it we don't want to say "hey i'm just beginning this journey" everyone started at one.
Well i've handled late night snacking two nights in a row. I"ve journaled once in bed, turned out the light and gone to sleep. No reading, no tv, just bed. I'm trying a new routine for myself. Training is what it is all about. training ourselves to be something different. I want to be different. I must overcome the munchie monster whom lives in my mind.
Had a terrible day at work and just wanted to walk out. I can't is the sad thing, I must have that paycheck. i've been there 14 years and i'm stuck at this point. a couple of the people i work with make it a living hell. I just have to learn to breath and wait it out. I've been there this long and they will not be there as long as me. One says she won't be anyways so I can only hope. I"ve got to make it through the days. I got all the way to my car yesterday and then I stoped.....I will not be pushed aside. I"m worth more than that. I will stick this out. The lord did open my eyes to a couple of things I needed to see, both good and bad. one followed me out and gave me a hug when I thought she didn't even know I was there. So we just have to be patient. the lord will guide and we can't go looking for friendship. Sometimes friends come in the most unsuspectng forms. I love my job, it is the couple of people that make it unbarable. Why do we allow others to determine how we see ourselves, how we handle things, how we get through each day.
One thing spark has taught me is that we have to learn to stand on our own two feet. Yes, before it is asked I have talked to my boss, he sees not a problem. So I just shake my head and move on. The moment of truth will come to light. things are not revealed in our time, but the lords and I can wait it out. I"m a tough ole broad.
I'm just thankful i'm not a stress eater or I would be really upset....lol. gotta find the humor in every situation or we would surley not survive.
Today is a new day, it is friday, i'm almost at goal, I stuck this out and I will stick this situation out at work. I will survive because i'm strong.
P.s. didn't mean to vent but as soon as I started typing it just came out.
Ok, it was only the first day, but I did it. Not munching minlessly at night. I wrote in a journal, turned off the light and went to bed. No getting back up to head to the pantry. I'm one down and many more to go, but all one step at a time.
I had a heart to heart with myself of which i'm sure my neighbors thought I had lost my mind, but I needed to be honest with myself. I have come so far and have so far to go, I'm hurting myself by not following my own lifestyle change. I'm heading back to the ways of old and that is what didn't work. If it did I wouldn't be on ww or spark.
I'm off now to begin day two. I've set my daily goals and i'm prepared, or I hope anyways, I have choices to make and I will reach my goals. I would love to be there or close on my birthday the big 44 sept 10th. What better gift to myself then health.
Develop an attitude of gratitude, and give thanks for everything that happens to you, knowing that every step forward is a step toward achieving something bigger and better than your current situation.
- Brian Tracy
this is something i'm working hard at. Intead of beating myself up for the mistakes I make along the way, I need to focus on what i've done right. I've been having trouble with nightime snacking yet again. seems I go through this from time to time. So i'm back to setting goals and hopefully finding new ways to deal with this. I will check back and follow up with this blog because it helps keep me in control when I hold me accountable.
I'm going to succeed, I just have to see the prize and walk towards the light.
Hi guys, this weekend was so busy. I took the remaining pups to the humane society saturday. Now we are back to some kind of normal around here. We were going to keep two pups, but ended up with four. As we were counting the pups going down the road we discovered that one was missing. Oh she wasn't missing, she was hiding under our bed. We were already on the interstate and decided that the one, at the time we didn't know which one, was saved from going to his/her new home. you see we had 10 pups left to transport. My daughter and I and my grandson. Now my grandson whom is almost three wanted to help, so imagine the drama of getting these pups in the right boxes. Needless to say one got a reprieve. the others are set for new homes as of next week I was told. My husband wouldn't have it anyother way, so they had to go to a no kill or I was keeping them all. So we had to drive a bit to get to the one we did use.
When I got home I called my husband at work and let him know we had one more addition. I say god had other plans for that one. It turned out to be a little girl and Todd is calling her houdini, dini for short. Oh well at least it is only one and not the 16 we started with. Man that tested my patience to the end.
My Food intake was way over this weekend. Saturday was good, stoped at a produce stand and got a few good veggies and some apples and strawberries we ate on the way home. Good choices at that moment. Got home and wham, ate till dinner and then bed. Today wasn't much different. Boredom is my problem. I was busy all morning getting my house back to rights after the puppies and then I stopped. Wham, eating again.
I did get in a great 45 min. walk this evening and then a 25 min. swim. So i'm hopefully not in too much trouble. Tomorrow is a new day. I'm going to get back on track this week. I have to for my own sake.
So that is about it. My weekend in review. I hope all had a great weekend and I hope you are following through with you goals.
All that is necessary to break the spell of inertia and frustration is this: Act as if it were impossible to fail.
- Dorthea Brande
Ok, the results are that i've gained 0.8 this week. If I was really honest with myself or you it should of been more. I really thought it would be. I didn't stay on plan, I ate like there was no tomorrow and I really didn't exercise like I wanted. How do I feel about this? Upset with myself.
One of my coworkers had this suggestion for me....."just take a week off and don't track or count and begin frest next week". You've got to be kidding me. I don't think so. Isn't that what I did this week? I mean look how that turned out. Not.
So today is my first day of a new week. I'm paying for ww and i'm going to use every available service to me. I'm going to get up and move this week, I'm going to try to beat my usual times and i'm going to get my butt back on plan. Tracking and counting is what worked and that is what i'm going to do. Stopping what i'm doing isn't the answer. Heck that is what got me here in the first place. I guess people see this as a kind of punishment. The truth is i'm eating a lot of good food most of the time. I have moments and insanity days but for the most part the thought of stopping all this is crazy to me. nope, i'm not giving up for a week or a day, i'm here for the long haul.
So I pledge to me, Michelle, to get up and move more this week, get my fruits and veggies in daily, drink my water and give it heck.
I am a winner and i'm going to prove that to me.


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Puerto Vallarta Vacations
Puerto Vallarta
Your Puerto Vallarta vacation
Drenched in sunshine, Puerto Vallarta draws outdoor enthusiasts to its rugged Pacific Coast with over 40 distinct beaches, each one different from the next. Explore hidden coves, go scuba diving or settle along the shore to watch the sunset. Now a fully modern resort town, it's still a spot loaded with archaeological wonders and iconic architecture.
Let Orbitz help you plan the perfect Puerto Vallarta vacation, complete with visits to botanical gardens and artsy enclaves. With insider tips, you'll get the scoop on the best time to go, where to explore and what to eat during your Puerto Vallarta getaway.
Best time to take a vacation to Puerto Vallarta
Sporting a tropical climate, Puerta Vallarta's average temperatures range from the low 70s to the low 80s. Heat spikes are common in August and September when the mercury can climb well into the 90s. Winter is driest, and February and March are sunniest. Temperatures climb from July to mid-October when monsoon-like rains are common, especially at night.
To sync the weather with crowds, fall and early summer are more laid-back and you can find lower rates. Mid-November through April is peak season so plan well in advance.
Annual festivals include the Flower and Garden Festival, held during the last week of February, and the arts-driven May Festival, which nods to Puerto Vallarta's anniversary. Not to be overlooked is the Festival of the Virgin of Guadalupe in December.
Insider tips for Puerto Vallarta travel
Playa de Oro
For beachfront serenity, visit Puerto Vallarta's northern reaches, home to rock-frocked Playa de Oro.
Marina district
Get a taste of the local flavor in the marina part of town where you'll find many unpretentious, locally loved restaurants that specialize in seafood.
Public markets
Hit the public markets Mercado Isle Cuale and Mercado Municipal Cuale, where you'll find stands selling artisan wares.
Dining tip
Be sure to seek out ceviche and Huachinango Sarandeado, a dish of red snapper infused with a garlicky roasted red pepper flavors.
De Santos
Add a little disco to your paella. This hip, rustic restaurant on Juarez Street (downtown) mixes the candlelit vibe with late-night DJs.
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Puerto Vallarta Vacation Packages
1 Canto Del Sol Plaza Vallarta All Inclusive
Jose Clemente Orozco No. 125 Zona Hotelera Norte. Map
FREE City Tour and WiFi
Puerto Vallarta hotel hosts a variety of activities day and nightCanto Del Sol Plaza Vallarta All Inclusive sweetens the all-inclusive experience with nightly themed shows, endless buffets and a full range of leisure activities for fitness fanatics, golfers and spa goers.... More
2 Playa Los Arcos Beach Hotel and Spa
Olas Altas 380 Map
2 kids up to 7 years old stay FREE and 20% on SPA
Highlights171 renovated Mexican Colonial-inspired roomsThemed dinner shows three nights a weekThree freshwater poolsDaily activities program and children's clubSpa treatments Tropical resort hosts daily activities, themed dinners and kids' clubPlaya Los Arcos Hotel Beach... More
3 Sheraton Buganvilias Resort and Convention Center
Blvd. Medina Ascencio 999 Map
Continental Breakfast, FREE Wi-Fi and MORE
Puerto Vallarta resort features swim-up bars, views and lush gardensSheraton Buganvilias Resort & Convention Center aims for high style and Mexican flavor in the heart of Banderas Bay. A weekly fiesta and champagne brunch -- complete with Mariachi band -- sets the... More
4 Fiesta Americana Puerto Vallarta Resort & Spa - All Inclusive
Ave. Francisco M. Ascencio Km 2.5 Map
FREE City Tour and WiFi
Puerto Vallarta hotel woos with swim-up bar, restaurants and kids' clubsUpon walking into Fiesta Americana Puerto Vallarta - All Inclusive, guests are greeted by an open-air palapa and waterfall, both features that sum up the feeling at the resort. Tasteful rooms... More
5 Hotel Rio Malecon
170 Morelos St. Downtown Map
FREE Wi-Fi Internet access
Unique, Unconventional, Earth-friendly, Presenting 47 welcoming rooms with and without kitchenette and each with private bathroom, daily maid service, central air conditioning, Cable TV and balcony.The facilities feature chemical-free pool, WiFi, private Club Room for... More
6 Casa Dona Susana - Adults Only
Manuel M Dieguez # 171 Map
20% on Spa Treatments
Puerto Vallarta entices with rooftop pool and Mexican colonial roomsCasa Dona Susana - Adults Only stirs romantic thoughts with its seaside setting and charming Mexican colonial architecture and decor. Folk art fills the rooms and live musicians create a festive dining... More
7 Hotel Eloisa
Lazaro Cardenas # 179, Col. Emiliano Zapata Map
Free Wi-Fi internet access
Enjoy the most pleasant vacations in the comfort of the 77 rooms of 3 type: Standard, Studios and Suites; the hotel offer you accommodations in European Plan and the warm hospitality which is representative of this charming paradise known as Puerto Vallarta. All of these... More
8 Villa Del Palmar Beach Resort and Spa, Puerto Vallarta
Boulevard Francisco Medina Ascencio Km 2.5 Zona Hotelera Norte Map
FREE City Tour
Mexican Colonial-inspired rooms with balconies and kitchenettesVilla Del Palmar Beach Resort & Spa Puerto Vallarta defines the all-inclusive experience. Guests can fill their days with the numerous planned activities -- including Spanish lessons, water aerobics and... More
9 Now Amber Puerto Vallarta- All Inclusive
David Alfaro Siqueiros No. 164. Colonia Map
FREE City Tour and $200USD Resort Coupons
All Inclusive resort with scenic views of Banderas BaySet on a golden sand beach overlooking the inviting waters of the Banderas Bay, Now Amber Puerto Vallarta All Inclusive creates a suitable base for travelers looking for a relaxing holiday in this side of Mexico. This... More
10 Blue Chairs Resort by The Sea Gay and Lesbian
Malecon y Almendro # 4 Map
FREE City Tour
Gay-friendly Puerto Vallarta hotel in the heart of the Romantic ZoneBlue Chairs Resort by The Sea Gay & Lesbian beckons with ocean-view patios from every room and a casual ambiance suited for couples and singles. The 43-room property also holds the distinction as the... More
Promo Code Terms and Conditions
Book a qualifying 4-night flight + hotel vacation package between January 1, 2014 12:00AM CST and March 31, 2015 11:59PM CST, for $1000 or more for travel between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015 via Orbitz and instantly receive $150 off the hotel portion of your booking through the use of the promotion code. Limit one discount per hotel room and one promotion code per booking. Discounts are not redeemable for cash for any reason. Promotion codes cannot be resold. Any attempt at fraud will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law. Void where prohibited, taxed or restricted. Orbitz reserves the right to change or limit the promotion in its sole discretion. Promo code not valid for Las Vegas, NV bookings.
Puerto Vallarta highlights
Puerto Vallarta Botanical Gardens
Located south of town, this verdant spot – nestled within a tropical rain forest – brims with 3,000 plant species. It's also a prime place to swim, dine al fresco and hike.
Plaza de Armas
Head to the city's vibrant square, adjacent to City Hall, for prime people watching. Join the locals for concerts and holiday celebrations.
Museum Rio Cuale
Spend an afternoon at this intimate destination which showcases Pre-Hispanic culture though displays of pottery, artifacts and even tombs.
Church of Our Lady of Guadalupe
An iconic church done in varied architectural styles, its chiming bells emanate throughout town. Services are held daily, though things get particularly festive here in December when the cultural-spiritual Festival for the Virgin of Guadalupe is held.
Banderas Bay
A great place to relax, this picturesque bay is also a launching pad for snorkeling – particularly at its southern tip – with its vibrant, stingray-filled waters.
Púlpito and Pilitas
Check out these famous rock formations on Los Muertos Beach. Púlpito refers to the tall headland, and Pilitas the rocks beneath. Pilitas is also the original location of the fabled "Boy on a Seahorse" sculpture.
Meander along this famed walkway and see contemporary sculptures by Sergio Bustamante, Ramiz Barquet and Alejandro Colunga.


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Series 1 · Episode 1
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Continuing its efforts to jazz up the sport after a strike forced a year hiatus, the National Hockey League next season will offer an online social networking community, NHL Connect. The offering, designed by software firm Five Across Connect, is being trialed in beta and will be open to the public next season. On the site, users will be able to: "create rich, multimedia personal profile pages and share interests and ideas with other users in the NHL community, displaying comments, photos, podcasts and video casts, links to new articles and content, friends or colleagues and RSS feeds." Whew. That's a mouthful.
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A series by Green Mountain alum Jacki Monaco on her journey to overcome binge eating. Follow her every other Thursday as she blogs about the victories and challenges of recovery. My Thanksgiving was a bit non-traditional, but nevertheless, there was turkey, stuffing, and there was pie. Oh, and I seem to have forgotten to mention a green bean casserole with […] Read more »
'holiday eating'
Thanksgivings Past & Future: A Mindful Eating Story
Thanksgiving is definitely in the air. Yesterday, Jacki shared awesome wishes/hopes/inspiration for those of us who struggle with the food abundance of this holiday. I thought I would carry on with the theme with two short scenarios that might help you understand better how a mindful eater (aka intuitive eater) would enjoy Thanksgiving. It's a take-off on a class I […] Read more »
Don't Worry, Be Happy: Eat What You Love This Holiday
I recently blogged about the perils of listening to all the holiday eating advice that we're bombarded with these days. So what do I do but write some more of it! But this has a bit of a different ring to it, as you can tell by the title of this post. Click on over to our FitBriefings (short articles […] Read more »
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It wouldn't be December without the songs, sparkly decorations, and yes, advice about what to eat during the holidays. Much of which you might want to ignore if you're trying to become a normal, intuitive eater, or if you are already one and want to stay that way. No matter which description fits you, it can be hard sometimes to […] Read more »
Healthy Cooking Thursday – Calamari Salad
As some of you out there know, one of my favorite things about the holidays is the Feast of the Seven Fishes, my husband Jamie's family tradition which I have co-opted into a week of seafood leading up to Christmas Day. While it may seem like it's easy to eat healthy when seafood is all over the menu, many of […] Read more »