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Best of Badger - Thanksgiving Special 2012
Are you all ready for Thanksgiving tomorrow?! We're going back into the archives tonight to play the Thanksgiving broadcast from 2012. Here's what the episode featured:
Faith and Founders segment - a reading of Abraham Lincoln's proclamation for the First National Day of Thanksgiving.
Also a preview of the upcoming Christmas shows and that means it's time for the return of Obama Claus give us the Christmas Countdown Update!
Finally, let's close with a prayer for this Thanksgiving Day and the full version of the beautiful Johnny Cash song aptly named "Thanksgiving Prayer".
Olympics 2012 Latest
in Sports
Get the latest sports news on Olympics 2012. Watch Olympics LIVE & Listen to the Caribbean Sports Talk with Hosts Tony Shadwa at www.watchsportstalk.com
We're back - and talking about basketball, Special Olympics and new projects.
in Self Help
After way too long of a break, the NETworthy show is back and we've got a ton to talk about. Where have we been and why the absence? It's been a long year run up to the 2014 Special Olympics National Summer Games in Vancouver, for both myself and the team I coach - 3 years in actuality. How did we do? Tune in - many of you may know the outcome, but the details of the week are anything but minor. I couldn't have asked for more heart stopping drama without ensuring the presence of a defibrillator.
So I'll talk about the Games, the team, the absolute beauty of the human potential, where we, as a family and a team, have been and where we are going. We have started to reach out beyond our immediate geographical vicinity to engage as many as possible in a vision for a future that we are wanting to create for our son and his peers, and want to encourage anyone to give us feedback and join in the journey. So that is on the program agenda as well.
This program has had many downloads and live listeners, and I really hope I can offer a reason to call in and engage in a dialogue about anything planned and presented or something that might be triggered in the listener during the show.
in Spirituality
Join our hosts Bob Wright, Judy Jandora, Christian Traa, Kim Fuller, Justin Deschamp, Julian Robles and others as we discuss the great awakening of humanity.
in Spirituality
Join our hosts Bob Wright, Judy Jandora, Christian Traa, Kim Fuller, Justin Deschamp, Julian Robles and others as we discuss all we have learned from our amazing experiences in this our human journey.
Interview with James Buffin
in Self Help
James is a filmmaker with over 26 years experience and in 2012 has become an advocate for adult survivors of child sexual abuse,James has made a documenary called Dead End Alive. He has much to share with us I look forwared to my Interview with him.
Please listen to my show you will not be sorry.
Pan-African Journal: Special Worldwide Radio Broadcast
in Politics
Listen to this special broadcast of the Pan-African Journal hosted by Abayomi Azikiwe, editor of the Pan-African News Wire. This program is dedicated to the indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere who were forcefully removed and massacred by imperialism. This National Day of Mourning episode will feature our regular PANW reports on the demonstrations in solidarity with Ferguson; DPRK response to the Washington "human rights" racket; the state visit of Palestine Authority President Mahmoud Abbas to the Republic of South Africa, etc. Also in our second segment we will feature an audio presentation on the history of the Counter-Intelligence Program (COINTELPRO). In the final hour we will rebroadcast excerpts from a 2012 symposium on Palestine featuring COSATU Secretary General Zwelinzima Vavi, Writer Alice Walker and Bill Means of the American Indian Movement (AIM).
VOC Nation Entertainment: Faces for Radio with Anthony & Gartiz
in Pop Culture
Prepare yourself for the greatest show that has ever aired. For years, Anthony & Gartiz have been debating their uniquely diverse views on everything and nothing at the same time. Now, you get to listen. Wrestling is still real to them, they listen to better rap than most, have a love/hate relationship with movies, and don't worry about climate change because a super volcano is going to destroy everything. Their perspective on day-to -day happenings will change the way you look at life. Ranging from the funny to the serious and all the craziness in between…no topic is off limits.
Call any VOC Nation Radio Show live, toll free at 855-VOC-RADIO (855-862-7234).
Follow VOC Nation @vocnation
Visit VOC Nation on the web at http://vocnation.com, simulcast at http://thebradyhicks.com
The VOC Nation Radio Network traces its roots back to 2009 in Philadelphia. Bruce Wirt took over the afternoon shift on the Voice America Health and Wellness Network and proclaimed himself, "your new 'Voice of Choice' in afternoon radio." The V-O-C in VOC Nation was born.
The VOC Nation Radio Network spun away from WNJC Phila in October 2012 and took to the "cloud", using their solid fan base to instantly become one of the most listened to mediums on the Internet. In 2014, VOC Nation merged with Brady Hicks' IN THE ROOM Internet Radio Network, giving the combined medium over 50,000 monthly listeners.
VOC Nation Radio streams live programming 7 days a week, and has forged partnerships with BlogTalkRadio, Stitcher Internet Radio, Podomatic, iTunes, and GoDaddy to bring daily live entertainment and podcasts to listeners worldwide. VOC Nation has over 100,000 twitter followers and ranks in the top 1% of podcasts as ranked by Podomatic, and in the top 5% of streaming programming as ranked by Stitcher.
in Spirituality
Joining Ken
On Psychic Choice Radio
The Spiritual Concepts of the spirit world show.
For This Episode My Guests Tonight are
Aurora Lilly Medium and Clairvoyant
And Spitual Medium Alan Stevens
Angelically Guided Angelica Rose http://heartofmotivation.webs.com/ An Angelic Walkin, is a Universal gifted Angelic Inner Essence Specialist since 1991, a Certified Hypnotist, and Author.
Call In Tonight, and Get Your FREE TASTER
Spiritual Reading,There Is A Message In The Words Of Spirit For Everyone.
We Go To Live Air @ 8 PM UK, 9 PM Central Europe, 3 PM EDT.
2 PM MST, and 12 (Noon) PST.
Studio Call In Number : - UK 001 (818) 475 9293
Studio Skype Call Us Using The Button On Your Show Page Player.
John Ventre: UFO's, Government ET Coverups, And Alternative Earth History
in Paranormal
On the November 26, 2014 edition of "Nature Of Reality Radio" I welcome author, speaker, and UFO researcher John Ventre who is the PA State Director for the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON). He is the author of the novel's "12/21/2012 A Prophecy", "The Day After 2012", "UFOs over Pennsylvania", "Apophis 2029", and "An Alternative History of Mankind" and a lifestime member of the NRA. He has appeared in UFO documentaries such as "UFO Hunters" and "Hangar 1" and has appeared on many radio shows and helped organize many UFO and paranormal themed conferences.
John's site: http://johnventre.blogspot.com/
Lets Talk Kingdom w/Catrina-Interview w/Noelle E. Sewell, Faith & Knowledge LLC
She is the Founder and CEO of Faith & Knowledge in Action, LLC, which assists small churches, ministries and non-profit organizations with information/resource sharing and publicity. She has had articles published in The Philadelphia Sunday Tribune, MI/Productions.com, st8up.co.uk and wtamm.com. In June 2012 she became involved with a new book project, "Gumbo for the Soul: Faces of AIDS." In 2013 under Faith & Knowledge in Action, LLC she has created a website that is dedicated to promoting independent Christian artists, comedians, filmmakers and animators, www.indyspotlight.net. The website is committed to promoting diversity of the global Christian creative community.
Choas in America: Emperor Obama His Immigration Decree and Fires in Ferguson
Guest Christine Timmon, host Robert Jetter, Jr. and panelists Activist Cindy Todd, Founder of Overpasses for America James Neighbors, & Constitutional scholar Kelly Mordecai, with contributor Dan Gray former columnist of the Washington Times. Call in and you stay on the line. You too can Join our Round Table Discussion.
Chaos in America. Obama Decrees De Facto amnesty. Our states flooded by illegal immigrants. Our President's involvement in local issues. The New York Times posts Officer Wilson's home address. Riots in the streets in Missouri. Protests in the streets of America's cities over the death of those who commit crimes. What is happening to our Nation?
Follow the Show to get email messages for upcoming episodes. Just hit the follow button of this Link http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bards-logic-political-talk
Bards Logic welcomes Christine Timmon to discuss Obama's Immgration Decree and the aftermath of the Wlison Grand Jury Decision in Ferguson Missouri.
Christine Timmon is a Pro Se Litigant who prevailed in most of her cases against local and Federal Government. Timmon is an alumni of Thomas M. Cooley Law Library. She worked with the 104th Congress to reform welfare and drug dealing. In 2012,she worked towards exposing voter fraud. She is a Constitutional Consultant. Immigration is now the focus of her work. She exposes how drug deals aided the invasion of America and how the Constitution takes America back. .
Bards Logic is the Grassroots, We the People Show
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A glass markerboard in a break room can serve many purposes. Write congratulations for birthdays or special anniversaries, an inspiring quote to guide the day, or to capture impromptu brainstorming,...because you never know when inspiration will strike. When the 'whiteboard' is made of glass, … [Read more...]
Breakroom Backsplashes
Break rooms need to be effortless; effortless to maintain, effortless to enhance, effortless to use. Few surfacing materials are as effortless as Dreamwalls Color Glass back-painted glass. It can be the star employee you choose to hang out in your breakroom Effortless Color With the ability to … [Read more...]
Beautify The Breakroom
Office breakrooms aren't usually seen by vistors and guests. They are primarily for the employees, and are a great opportunity for morale-boosting. A beautiful space to fill your coffee mug, prepare a lunch, or just hang out and relax for a moment are keys to office productivity and worker … [Read more...]
Think Pink
October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month and while most people are aware of breast cancer, many forget to take the steps to have a plan to detect the disease in its early stages and encourage others to do the same. It's an important time of year to get your mammogram on the schedule, but there's … [Read more...]
Bath Surrounds In Color
Shower walls are great for using backpainted glass, but it also works great on tub surrounds. Splashes and suds will happen in that environment, and it helps to be ready with a product that is waterproof and colorful. The walls should be prepared for water-proofing like any other wet … [Read more...]
Glass Divides and Unites
The open plan design trend for office interiors shows no signs of wavering, and glass is a great element to use to create visual privacy without disrupting light penetration. Glass a smart solution due to its hygienic and easy care qualities. Employees can use post-its, tape … [Read more...]
Boost Creativity with a Back Painted Glass
Adding color to your work day is an easy way to inspire creativity and enhance energy levels. A Dreamwalls Color Glass backpainted glass desktop is one way to add color to the office environment. Custom colors matched to corporate identities can boost branding. Glass is easy to keep clean and even … [Read more...]
3 Places Mirror Can Top
Yesterday, we wrote about glass table toppers and how they can increase the life and beauty of your furniture and interior designs. To go a step further; when mirrors are used as table toppers, they increase the amount of light that is reflected back into the room. So today, table toppers that are … [Read more...]
Top This!
A table topper is a piece of glass - ranging in thickness from 1/4" (6mm) to 1/2" (12mm) thick - that is placed over the existing top of a table, desk, dresser. or credenza. Since it is completely supported by the solid piece of furniture, it may or may not need to be tempered, and the edgework is … [Read more...]

subset: commoncrawl


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search results - Road Bike Shop
Road Bike Shop
Product Search Results For "ZOIC Ether Premium Men's Shorts"
|ZOIC Hoodoo Shorts - Men's - Men's
Conjure up some drop-seat voodoo when you pull on the Men's Hoodoo Shorts, and bring the heat on your downhill sled. Vents keep you cool while you hammer switchbacks and whoops, and a grip of pockets hold your keys and good luck trinkets. Zoic added knee reinforcements, a stretchy crotch gusset,...
|ZOIC Impact Liner Short - Men's - Men's
Zoic's Impact Liner Shorts are part of the Interchangeable Padded Liner (IPL) System, making for a seamless integration with its outer shorts. The Impact Liner features padding at the hip and an anatomically contoured ZO-Tech chamois, as well as a ZO-Wick moisture management treatment to ensure...
|ZOIC Revelry Shorts - Men's - Men's
When a day of enduro, downhill, or park riding is on the schedule, the Zoic Revelry Men's Shorts want to be, too. Smart fabrics, features, and fit make them a solid choice for a day of messing with gravity. The Revelry Shorts feature 14-inch loose-fiting legs with wide openings for knee pads. The...
Price: $109.95
|ZOIC That Short - Men's - Men's
It's all in the name. The Zoic That Short is a coveted pair of gravity-obsessed shorts that earned its reputation by just being that good. That Short was one of the first mountain-specific pairs of elongated shorts to protect the knees and accommodate knee pads, and the wide leg openings and...
Price: $109.95


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Nancy Young
Nancy is a passionate freelance writer and blogger. She writes tons of inspirational articles on photography and web design, despite the fact that she is an economist by education. She enjoys reading, learning SEO and also losing her mind to French movies.
All posts by Nancy.
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20 Creative Branding And Identity Designs For Your Inspiration
We previously featured creative envelope designs to showcase how companies can extend their branding efforts to print. The examples in this post however, encompasses a larger scope. These are identity designs for the purpose of branding, and they take a life of their own. Using clever color coordinations, these branding … Continue reading »
20 Creative Envelope Designs That Impress
Everyone's on emails and messaging apps these days, which makes receiving mail in the post something of a rare occasion. When you do receive snail mail, the first thing you will notice is the envelope design. More often than not, in doing business, we underestimate the power of the envelope … Continue reading »
50 Awesome iOS Icon Designs for Your Inspiration – Part II
iOS icons have come a long way since the birth of the very first iPhone – nowadays, these icons are shared between the iPhone and iPad. Due to higher-resolution displays, designers can now add unbelievable detail to app icons, making them truly remarkable specimens of what app designers are capable … Continue reading »
20 Cool and Creative Speakers
When you think of speakers, what's the first thing that comes to your mind? While many of us have probably grown used to visualizing speakers as cumbersome, boxy sound-producing devices, that perspective might just have to change as more and more compact speakers are being introduced to the market. Nowadays, … Continue reading »
Throwback Thursday: 20 Retro Gadgets For Your iPhone
Do you still remember what your very first music player or game console looked like? With the current rate at which things are becoming obsolete, manufacturers have been coming up with creative ideas in incorporating nostalgic elements in their products. From vintage-looking iPhone cases and earphones to funny-looking styluses, you'll … Continue reading »
20 Fantastic Camera-Inspired Cases for iPhone
The iPhone is slim, elegant, and made with high-quality materials which we protect with beautiful iPhone cases. If you have never dropped your iPhone, then you are the lucky few to have never felt the pain from watching your smartphone slam the hard surface of the floor. (It really, really … Continue reading »
20 Truly Unique Clocks You Want On Your Wall
Time is essential to the modern world to keep everyone in sync. While more and more smart watches are being released, clocks don't get the same level of attention. Look at the one closest to you now. Is it round or square, only in one or two colors (white doesn't … Continue reading »
Designers: 20 Tumblr Blogs To Follow For Inspiration
Tumblr is great social service that allows you to create your own blog, customize it, and fill it with your content in no time. Moreover, Tumblr lets you share the artworks and images that you like. Lots of people around the globe appreciate it for its user-friendly and elegant design. … Continue reading »
Design Resources For Halloween: 80 Fonts, Icons, Vectors And Tutorials
It's that creepy time of the year again, where the macabre and zombies own the night. While you may have Jack O'Lanterns and spider webs at your front door, and witches, ghosts and goblins roam the streets searching for candy, why should your sites and blogs miss out on the … Continue reading »
20 Creative Coffee Cup Designs You Need To See
No coffee, no workee – nothing wakes you up better than a cup of Joe. You are probably on a cup right now. It's the nectar of Gods that get you up and running early in the morning, and serves as fuel for the rest of the day. Since many … Continue reading »
20 Cool Mouse Designs You Don't See Often
Laptops with their trackpads have conquered the world these days but there some people who still use desktop computers with the mouse. The way we use the mouse has not changed much since its conception but when it comes to design and style, there are massive upgrades everywhere. If you're … Continue reading »
20 Creative Headphone Designs For Audiophiles
Are you bored with your regular white ear-buds that came with your iPod? Want a more personalized or professional headphone design that is more in tune with your audiophile status? Whether you want headphones for work or play, make a statement with them, especially if you are going to have … Continue reading »
Eco-Friendly Package Designs: 20 Ways To Go Green
Everything you buy from a store would leave some form of waste, particularly the packaging, which we'd throw away the moment its contents are released. Since it is now more important than ever to be conscious about our environment, many brands and designers have produced eco-friendly package designs that are … Continue reading »


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- Member since Nov 1, 2008
- Male / 21
- Kinmel Bay , Wales
- 388 Followers
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davehayz93 MarzocchiMTB's photo
Nov 3, 2014 at 3:24Nov 3, 2014
Added 8 photos to SALE
Oct 6, 2014 at 7:06Oct 6, 2014
Oct 6, 2014 at 7:04Oct 6, 2014
Rockshox Boxxer Team$350 GPB
Hello, Here for sale I have my 2012 Boxxer Team forks, these are only being sold as I have upgraded, forks were serviced when I purchased the bike they were on, since then haven't been serviced so could do with one, they had been freshly powder coated when I got them and still look mint today. steerer is also 155mm long I am willing to post these forks within the UK for an extra £12.00 P+P, they will be sent via a courier to be signed for and insured up to the sold value. PayPal only or cash on collection depending on how you wish to settle, can also meet within reason around my day to day job, Feel free to contact me with any questions, its probably best you call or text me as I don't have a very good internet connection in my house at the minute. Thanks Dave
Added 8 photos to SALE
Oct 6, 2014 at 3:44Oct 6, 2014
Oct 6, 2014 at 3:39Oct 6, 2014
Boardman pro carbon frame + extras 55.5$180 GPB
Hello, I have for sale a Boardman pro carbon that will come supplied with FSA cranks and Shimano Tiagra front mech, Selling on behalf of my old man as he's upgraded, the full bike had done approx. 800miles max hence why the frame is in such good condition, just some very small marks nothing to cry about. frame size is 55.5cm so its ideal for anyone over 5'11ft this is a bargain! so no offers I am offering to post for the price i'm asking for, not a penny less as I don't think its work less, its just been removed off a bike that cost £1000. Payment via PayPal only, or cash on collection. Will be sent via royal mail to be signed for and insured up to the value, Cheers Dave
Oct 2, 2014 at 12:10Oct 2, 2014
Are u still sucking black cock lad
0 comments – Add comment
Aug 13, 2014 at 2:10Aug 13, 2014
Create Fixie - LOADS OF NEW PARTS!$250 GPB
Hi there, Create Fixie bike for sale no expense spared, only selling due to needing the money to support family. Recently had loads of new parts and will only need pedals to complete the build, Create Frame and Fork FSA headset - BRAND NEW £30.00 Specialized stem Raceface bars Hope grips - BRAND NEW £25.00 they were very expensive but I like my bikes to look good! Tektro brakes with cool retro leavers - Fronts have BRAND NEW pads - rears are only few rides old so basically new. Create Cranks Shimano BB - BRAND NEW £20.00 Create Deep dish wheels - Bearings are mint - rear is a flip flop hub so can be ran fixed or freewheeling. CST CZAR tyres Schwalbe tubes with Schwalbe valve extenders Half link chain - BRAND NEW £15.00 Straitline seat clamp - BRAND NEW £25.00 Polished Chrome Seat post - BRAND NEW - £10.00 Sunline seat NO PEDALS Bikes only been used to get me to work and back, and will all the new parts its like brand new! need to sell ASAP! Cash on collection only please. Cheers Dave
Added 3 photos to Mobile
Aug 13, 2014 at 1:49Aug 13, 2014
davehayz93 karl-burkat's article
Jul 31, 2014 at 7:55Jul 31, 2014
Video: Danny MacAskill at the Playboy Mansion
not much attention too the riding was made.. boobies
davehayz93 seanbabes's article
Jul 29, 2014 at 6:26Jul 29, 2014
Video: Joel Willis - Lithgow Australia
Shame, if only someone cared.
Video by ChrisRicciVideo
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Video: Australian DH Nationals 2014 Round 3
23 Feb 2014
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The Apartments Dubai World Trade Centre
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Away we go......
Here is the plan: Catch a late flight from Adelaide to Dubai..... A few hours stopover and then we continue on to Milan. Overnight is in flight. Sleep may be optional. Arrival in Milan at 2 pm on Friday. --------------------------------------- - OK, things have not started quite how we planned ...... Off we went to the Aquarium shop to work out how the fish were going to survive for six weeks without us. Our good ...
Desert safari in Dubai
... to do and learn about on the desert safari which would make this activity ideal for school groups. Although transport through the desert may be difficult for school groups as groups would need to be broken up to travel in the 4x4's. The sand boarding would be a great activity for a school group as it is a lot of fun and it is a sport that most kids could relate too.
Arabian Adventure!
... tallest building in the world) was its backdrop. Unfortunately we didn't get to see the fountain running as it was only turned on at night, but we got some amazing photos with the Burj Kalifa. You really don't realise its enormity until you're standing below it: cameras struggle to get the entire building in the picture, it's that huge. Seeing it from a distance when you get to see the entire Dubai skyline is also a ...
Second day
... machine on the roof). We showered at the hotel then go hot to eat at this restaurant down the street call piatto. The food was so amazing and so cheap compare to USA. Then I went back to the hotel and toke a power nap til 8 for the welcoming dinner at the hotel. Then we had the best night ever. We drink at the hotel til they close. Then go to another bar. Some of my classmates was so trash! Good ...
Surprise Layover in Dubai?? Well if we have too?!
... each other we wish we would have scheduled a layover here for a day or two, to take in this impressive city with all its grand opulence. But, with an already tight schedule for SA we are better off… so we thought not knowing of the impending problems.
After getting off the plane and start making our way to the connection gate. We shop the layover away and grab a quick bite to eat. One thing i can say is the Dubai airport is ridiculously huge, but not ...


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Ranches for sale OK, TX, AR www.WorldClassRanches.com
OK, TX, AR, Oklahoma
See website
Ranches for sale, Oklahoma, Texas and Arkansas Licensed in AR, OK and TX. Accredited Land Brokers, headquartered in S.E. Oklahoma. Cattle Ranches, Hunting Land, Timber Land, Investment and Recreational properties. Visit our website today to view all of our listings. ...
Roberts Ranch
Palatka, Florida
Roberts Ranch Game Preserve is the ultimate hunting preserve in Florida. We offer the most exciting and best whitetail deer hunting in the state. If you, as a Florida hunter are looking for an outfit where you don't want to fly or drive thousands of miles to shoot a ...
Missouri Ozarks hunting land, www.ozarkshuntingland.com
Cabool, Missouri
Missouri Ozarks hunting land Hunting & recreational properties in the Missouri Ozarks. Presented by Southern Missouri Realty, Cabool, MO 417-962-4711. www.ozarkshuntingland.com
Fishing / Hunting Lodge For Sale
Port Sulphur, Louisiana
5,200 sq ft house situated on 6 acres of land for sale in Port Sulphur, LA. House would make great fishing/hunting lodge. Each bedroom has full bath inside of it..Very motivated seller....owner moving


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Tyler Popp, a freshman wrestler at Monty Tech, scored his high school's only points in the first eight matches against Leominster High School on Wednesday. Popp's name was misspelled in a story in Thursday's edition.
Welcome to your discussion forum: Sign in with a Disqus account or your social networking account for your comment to be posted immediately, provided it meets the guidelines. (READ HOW.) Comments made here are the sole responsibility of the person posting them; these comments do not reflect the opinion of The Sentinel and Enterprise. So keep it civil.
Iowa woman locked up after locked out of home
IOWA CITY, Iowa (AP) — Police say an Iowa woman who was locked out of her apartment has been locked up after officers who helped her regain entry found pot plants and drug paraphernalia inside. Full Story
(Bryan Bedder/AP)
'Today' looks to rebound from tough week
NEW YORK (AP) — It's rarely a good sign when morning television hosts are painfully bantering about whether they are keeping their jobs. Full Story
George Clooney rep denies adoption rumors
Spokesman for star calls rumors "100 percent fabricated"


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Look and feel your best with these healthy eating tips & workout strategies.
New FDA Ruling Requires More Establishments to List Calorie Counts
The new mandate makes it easier to stick to healthy choices when eating at chain restaurants, convenience stores, movie theaters, and more.
5 Popular Thanksgiving Recipes, Lightened Up
These healthy Thanksgiving recipes have all the flavor of the originals (with room for pie!).
7 Gluten-Free Thanksgiving Recipes Everyone Will Love
These decadent yet healthy dishes, from appetizers to dessert, will please everyone at the table—whether or not you eat wheat.
Apple Coconut Crisp Recipe
Not only does this apple crisp taste amazing, but it's also gluten-free and can be Paleo-friendly!
Maple Pumpkin Cheesecake Bars
What's not to love about a melt-in-your-mouth dessert bar that's a little sweet, a little spicy, and silky smooth?
Gluten-Free Pan Gravy
Nobody should have to miss out on the quintessential turkey topping if you're avoiding wheat.
Green Bean Casserole with Crispy Shallots
If Thanksgiving just doesn't feel the same without a creamy casserole, try this revised version that omits the heavy cream and gluten!
Bacon-Wrapped Dates
Always a crowd-pleaser, this gluten-free party food is super simple to make.


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Had two adjacent rooms for my family. Did not sleep all night due to a party going on in the hallway next to our room. Manager will not do anything about it. Actually lied that the guest have checked out when the party is still going on.
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- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Expedia, Despegar.com, Hotels.com, Travelocity, Orbitz, Agoda, TripOnline SA, Otel, Odigeo and Tingo so you can book your Bastion Hotel Rotterdam/Terbregseplein reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Bastion Terbregseplein Rotterdam


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Files » Skyrim » Magic - Spells & enchantments
3 86Blessed MagicThis mod is the antithesis of my dark magic mod, instead of sacrificing souls to the daedra you can release souls from the soul gems and gain the wisdom of the divines.Released: 27/11/2014 - 03:48AMUpdated: 28/11/2014 - 11:01AM
by WildWitch
1 13Conjure Mammoth spellA simple conjuration spell a bit OverpoweredReleased: 26/11/2014 - 08:02PMUpdated: 26/11/2014 - 08:02PM
by MrDaedra01
15 318Stronger Flames-Sparks and FrostbiteA mod that will add stronger versions of the spells: Flames, Sparks and FrostbiteReleased: 26/11/2014 - 10:36AMUpdated: 26/11/2014 - 10:36AM
by Kevin2724
4 75A Mage's Night OutProvide the mage player with a few spells that may be useful for a night under the stars.Released: 25/11/2014 - 03:05AMUpdated: 25/11/2014 - 03:05AM
by IsharaMeradin
22 161Witcher MeditationAdds the ability to meditate when swallowing potions, which extends their duration drastically. Requiem recommendedReleased: 24/11/2014 - 05:50PMUpdated: 27/11/2014 - 07:30PM
by golem09
6 48Fifth Generation Mage WIPFifth Generation Mage is a mod that allows you to play a strict mage class without cross classing in Legendary.Released: 24/11/2014 - 09:03AMUpdated: 28/11/2014 - 05:00PM
by makuansoni
3 56Empowered Magic - Expanded ArcaneumAdds touch spells to the school of destruction, necromancy spells, the ability to craft scrolls, makes scrolls more readily available and less expensive and makes spell tomes more expensive. Requires Leasm's Empowered Magic.Released: 21/11/2014 - 12:55AMUpdated: 24/11/2014 - 02:14AM
by OccasionalCucumber
0 5ALPHA zMagicka Spell Crafting and RitualsA spell that does nothing at first, but grows as learn more about it. Mostly designed for a quest mod. This is an alpha version and meant for testing.Released: 20/11/2014 - 11:36PMUpdated: 20/11/2014 - 11:38PM
by VincentEttrich
0 11supportMagicaaaReleased: 18/11/2014 - 11:20AMUpdated: 19/11/2014 - 02:31PM
by amoruy
9 48Immersive Horker ShrineAdds a new kind of shrine and a respective custom-textured amulet next to the Skytemple ruins behind Winterhold's College. Includes a map markerReleased: 17/11/2014 - 08:50PMUpdated: 17/11/2014 - 08:50PM
by mcBook
7 206True Bound Woodcutter's AxeAdds a bound woodcutter axe to the game.Released: 15/11/2014 - 05:08PMUpdated: 15/11/2014 - 05:38PM
by illgirni
71 950Floating Torch SpellNo longer do you have to burden one of your hands with a torch, or deal with that bright sterile light from candle light spell. Introducing the Floating Torch Spell!Released: 12/11/2014 - 03:46PMUpdated: 16/11/2014 - 05:26AM
by bl3azy
7 127Arcane Explosion and AccelerationThis mod gives you 2 new spells. Arcane Explosion and Acceleration. Arcane Explosion is simple, an explosion of magic energy emanates from the caster. Acceleration is more strategic. It slows down time for 3 seconds. This works like the shout, Slow Time, only on a smaller scale and no cooldown (instant cast as well).Released: 12/11/2014 - 05:05AMUpdated: 12/11/2014 - 06:05PM
by shadowling1661
3 54Hellfire--Soul Trap plus enchantmentsAdds a handful of new enchantments which each amount to a small, static soul trap effect combine with fire, frost, and shock damage respectively. Also, they've got very clever names. Found on a trio of daggers next to the Guardian Stones.Released: 12/11/2014 - 02:53AMUpdated: 16/11/2014 - 05:41PM
by WolfsTrinity
13 205Better TransmuteChanges the Transmute-Spell in order to transmute iron ore to silver first.Released: 07/11/2014 - 05:54PMUpdated: 09/11/2014 - 06:10PM
by wiktorio
2 39Transmute ores into ingotsThis mod contains a few spells which let you one ore transmute (any kind, no dwarven stuff) into one ingot.Released: 05/11/2014 - 09:01PMUpdated: 05/11/2014 - 09:01PM
by SlayerOfDragons
24 406Dismember Spell By SorrienTransferred to Nexus from Steam Workshop . All credit goes to the author Sorrien on the Steam Workshop for creating this mod.Released: 04/11/2014 - 09:06PMUpdated: 15/11/2014 - 02:16AM
by etgbrown
7 115Exploding CrittersExploding Critters go boom on people you don't like or on you with negligent summoning.Released: 30/10/2014 - 03:49PMUpdated: 30/10/2014 - 10:16PM
by Flintlockecole
8 69Transmute More OresThis adds 2 new spells to the game "transmute ore apprentice and transmute ore adept" which are both found at halted stream campReleased: 28/10/2014 - 08:07AMUpdated: 28/10/2014 - 08:07AM
by tr1st4n0xn4m
0 27craftable staves (non dragonborn-required version)this is my non dragonborn required mod that lets you craft any basic staff found in the game at a forge.Released: 27/10/2014 - 03:18PMUpdated: 20/11/2014 - 06:16PM
by paulhanna
8 125Bound Hunting Knife in HunterbornAdds a bound hunting knife to the hunting knives of Hunterborn. The knife improves with the conjuation level.Released: 26/10/2014 - 11:59AMUpdated: 26/10/2014 - 05:00PM
by illgirni
11 136Dawnguard - Night Cloak in human formThe mod enables the Night Cloak ability to be used in human form.Released: 26/10/2014 - 02:03AMUpdated: 26/10/2014 - 02:03AM
by Frinovskii
9 153Conjuration Spell- Undead VassalAdds a spell that can reanimate almost any creature to help you for an hour.Released: 25/10/2014 - 09:15PMUpdated: 26/10/2014 - 08:34AM
by Pichu666
2 86Protofon FireAlduin's power source in one spell book.Released: 21/10/2014 - 08:41PMUpdated: 21/10/2014 - 08:41PM
by ProtologolusX
30 294Conjure Warm BedThis spell to conjure a warm bed.Released: 21/10/2014 - 06:48AMUpdated: 21/10/2014 - 07:27AM
by theregisteredone
22 226AlikrlightAdds Alikrlight, a simple spellReleased: 20/10/2014 - 06:00PMUpdated: 20/10/2014 - 08:51PM
by ambria
1 7RQ - No 'Fortify Alchemy' EnchantmentStops anything enchanted with "Fortify Alchemy" from appearing in the game.Released: 19/10/2014 - 10:36AMUpdated: 19/10/2014 - 10:37AM
by AnkhAscendant
20 221Dawnguard Spells and Weapons Damage BoostBoosts the damage and some stats of the Dawnguard weapons and restoration spells.Released: 17/10/2014 - 01:20PMUpdated: 21/10/2014 - 09:37PM
by TheGodfatherII
38 322No Force for Illusion SpellsRemoves the explosion and projectile force for illusion spells.Released: 14/10/2014 - 10:04AMUpdated: 15/10/2014 - 06:17AM
by theregisteredone
3 45Mage's Transmute and Smelt Spellsextended and improved version of the mod by Silverknight7. Now with a concentration version of the transmute spell!Released: 13/10/2014 - 04:39PMUpdated: 15/10/2014 - 03:35PM
by EnigmaniteK


text:
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text:
The invention relates to the modification of a curable phenolic resin system by the incorporation of alkylphenol, alkoxyphenol, arylphenol or aryloxyphenol. The resulting resin has reduced water soluble leachates which, in turn, improves the break time when the resin is used to coat proppants for treating subterranean formations.
1. A curable phenolic resin composition useful as a subterranean proppant coating comprising:
(a) a novolak resin; and
(b) a resole resin, wherein at least one of the resins is modified by the incorporation of a phenolic material selected from the group consisting of arylphenol, alkylphenol, alkoxyphenol, and aryloxyphenol and wherein the weight ratio of novolak resin to resole resin is from about 4:1 to about 1:9, and wherein the content of the modifying phenolic material is sufficient to reduce the water solubility of the coating relative to a comparable mixture of novolak and resole resins which is not modified and wherein the composition does not contain sufficient hexamethylenetetramine to effect the cure of the composition.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the novolak resin is present in the composition in an amount greater than about 10 weight percent.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the resole resin is present in the composition in an amount greater than about 20 weight percent.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the phenolic material is alkylphenol and the alkyl group of the alkylphenol is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, amyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, branched hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and cashew nut shell liquid.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the phenolic material is alkylphenol and the alkylphenol-modification of the resole resin is monoalkylation.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the alkylphenol-modification of the resole resin is dialkylation, wherein the alkyl groups are independently selected.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the alkylphenol-modification of the resole resin is trialkylation, wherein the alkyl groups are independently selected and sufficient ortho and para positions are available to achieve crosslinking.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the phenolic material is arylphenol and the arylphenol-modified resole resin comprises phenylphenol.
9. A method of preparing a phenolic resin-coated sand comprising:
(a) combining alkylphenol and phenol in a molar ratio of 0.05:1 to 0.60:1;
(b) reacting phenol or the combination from (a) with a source of formaldehyde in a phenol:formaldehyde ratio of from about 1:1 to about 4:1 under basic conditions sufficient to produce a resole or an alkylphenol-modified resole resin;
(c) combining the resin from step (b) with sand heated to a temperature above 250� F. for a time sufficient to allow the resin to increase in molecular weight;
(d) adding a novolac resin to the mixture in (c), wherein the weight ratio of novolak resin to resole resin is from about 4:1 to about 1:9 on a solids basis, whereby the sand becomes coated;
(e) adding sufficient water to quench the reaction;
(f) cooling the resulting phenolic resin-coated sand.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the resole resin is made from phenol or is alkylphenol-modified, arylphenol-modified, alkoxyphenol-modified or aryloxyphenol-modified.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the alkyl group of the alkylphenol in the novolak resin is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, amyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and cashew nut shell liquid.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the alkyl group of the alkylphenol in the resole resin is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, amyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl and cashew nut shell liquid.
13. A method of preparing phenolic resin-coated sand comprising:
(a) adding a novolak resin to sand heated to a temperature above 250� F.;
(b) adding to the stirring mixture from (a) phenol or an alkylphenol-modified, alkoxyphenol-modified, aryloxyphenol-modified, or arylphenol-modified resole resin prepared by reacting a mixture comprising an alkylphenol, alkoxyphenol, aryloxyphenol or arylphenol with a molar excess of formaldehyde under alkaline conditions sufficient to produce a resole resin, whereby the sand is coated;
(c) adding sufficient water to quench the reaction; and
(d) cooling the resulting phenolic resin-coated sand.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the alkyl group of the alkylphenol is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, amyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, and cashew nut shell liquid.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the source of the alkyl group of the alkylphenol is cashew nut shell liquid.
16. The method of claim 13 wherein the aryl group of the arylphenol is phenyl.
17. An improved method for treating subterranean formations comprising:
(a) applying to a subterranean formation a proppant coated with a curable phenolic coating composition, wherein the phenolic coating composition comprises a mixture of a novolak resin and a resole resin, wherein the spectrophotometric absorbance at 510 mu of the water soluble leachate from the phenolic coated sand composition is below about 1.68, and wherein the phenolic coating composition does not comprise hexamethylenetetramine in an amount sufficient to significantly affect subsequent cure of the coating composition; and
(b) curing the curable phenolic coating composition by exposing the coating composition to sufficient heat and pressure in the subterranean formation to cause crosslinking of the resins, and consolidation of the proppant, whereby a cured proppant coating with reduced water solubility is attained.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the novolak and resole resins are combined in a 4:1 to 1:9 weight ratio on a solids basis.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the novolak resin has been modified by the incorporation of a alkylphenol selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, amyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, and cashew nut shell liquid.
20. The method of claim 17 wherein the novolak resin has been modified by the incorporation of a arylphenol.
21. The method of claim 17 wherein the resole resin has been modified by the incorporation of an alkylphenol selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, amyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, and cashew nut shell liquid.
22. The method of claim 17 wherein the resole resin has been modified by the incorporation of an arylphenol.
23. The method of claim 17 wherein the resole resin has been modified by incorporation of an alkoxyphenol or an aryloxyphenol.
24. The method of claim 17 wherein the novolak resin has been modified by incorporation of an alkoxyphenol or an aryloxyphenol.
25. A curable phenolic resin composition useful as a subterranean proppant coating comprising:
(a) a novolak resin; and
(b) a resole resin,
and wherein the weight ratio of novolak resin to resole resin is from about 4:1 to about 1:9, and wherein the molecular weight of the resin composition is sufficiently advanced to reduce the water solubility of the coating relative to a comparable mixture of novolak and resole resins which is not similarly advanced, and wherein the composition does not contain sufficient hexamethylenetetramine to effect the cure of the composition.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention is directed to the use of coated free flowing sand comprising a curable phenolic resin system, useful as a subterranean proppant. The improved resin system of this invention is a phenol-formaldehyde resin which may contain alkoxyl or aroxylphenol, alkylphenol or arylphenol and is not cured by hexamethylenetetramine. The invention also relates to the use of a mixture of resole and novolak resins without alkylation, arylation or other modifiers to coat sand particles.
2. Description of Related Art
The use of resin-coated proppants or propping agents is increasingly important in treating subterranean formations. One of the primary uses of curable resin-coated sand is to minimize or prevent proppant flowback from a fracture during cleanup or production in oil and gas wells. Resin-coated curable proppants are also useful in sand control. In hydraulic fracturing, coated particles are used to maintain the fracture in a propped condition, and to improve the stability of proppants at high closure stresses. Sand or other substrates have been coated with resins such as an epoxy, furan, or phenolic resin. However, these systems, especially partially cured and curable resin-coated proppants, can hinder the interaction of the breaker with fracturing hydraulic fluids, causing delay in fluid breaking and resulting in various production difficulties. It has also been determined that hexamethylenetetramine, which is often used to initiate the cure of phenolic resins, can be the cause of the delays in fracturing fluid breaking. The production difficulties can include, for example, the cross-linked gel not reducing in viscosity a required so the fluid can flow back out, thus delaying production from the well. Furthermore, if the fracturing fluid gel does not break and allow the curable resin-coated proppants to come together before the resin cures, they cannot bond together forming a three dimensional matrix. If they do not bond together, flowback may occur. It is also desirable to have the gel which is formed break at some designated time to reduce viscosity and allow water and ultimately gas or oil to flow out of the well. Also contributing to these problems are water soluble components, such as unreacted phenol or low molecular weight resin components, often present in the phenolic resins.
The most widespread fracturing treatment to achieve proppant consolidation is the use of curable phenolic resins pre-coated on the proppant. Generally, such coated materials are manufactured away from the well site and delivered to the well location. Another approach is to coat the proppant on-site by adding required resin materials to the fluid so that coating occurs while the proppant is being pumped or even after the sand is pumped downhole.
Rankin, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 2,675,335 issued Apr. 13, 1954, relates to thermosetting phenol-formaldehyde compositions useful for the manufacture of laminated articles with desirable electrical properties. Rankin et al. teaches the addition to the composition of minor amounts of monobutyl phenol and dibutyl phenol. Rankin et al. teaches that the resulting laminating resins have better water resistance, retention of electrical properties, and improved flow characteristics enhancing the penetration of the resin into paper and fabric. Use of the claimed materials as a subterranean proppant is not suggested in Rankin et al., and hexamethylenetetramine is used as a catalyst.
Hanauye et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,179,429 issued Dec. 18, 1979, relates to a phenol resin useful as a varnish for impregnating a base to thereby obtain superior mechanical and electrical characteristics. Phenol resins containing as the phenol component thereof nonylphenol are identified for improving punching quality in electrical laminates. Subterranean proppants are not suggested.
Holik, U.S. Pat. No. 4,317,896 issued Mar. 2, 1982, teaches a binder for foundry aggregate comprising a butylated phenol formaldehyde resin, plus a resole resin, plus a novolak resin. Holik is not directed to subterranean proppants and provides a resin which is cured with a diisocyanate and a tertiary amine.
Saeki, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,426,484 issued Jan. 17, 1984, teaches acceleration of the cure of a resole-type phenol aldehyde resin by the addition of resorcinol. The resin comprises a mixture of resole-type and novolak-type resins.
Okada et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,145 issued Oct. 10, 1989, teaches a water resistant resin-coated aggregate for use in concrete with a novolak resin. However, Okada et al. cures the resin by use of hexamethylenetetramine, and does not suggest subterranean proppant applications.
Graham, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,888,240 issued Dec. 19, 1989, teaches an improved resin for use as a proppant in hydraulic fracturing of subterranean formations. Alkylphenol modification of the resin is not discussed and Graham et al. uses hexamethylenetetramine as both a catalyst and a source of formaldehyde.
Whitehurst, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,969,522 issued Nov. 13, 1990, teaches the preparation of a polymer-coated support in subterranean oil well formations. However, the polymers of Whitehurst, et al. are olefins cured by traditional Ziegler catalysis. Alkylphenol modified phenol-formaldehyde resins are not suggested.
The applicants and others have utilized mixtures of resole resin and novolak resin curable with hexamethylenetetramine in subterranean formations, where said resins are not arylphenol- or alkylphenol-modified.
Therefore, it is desirable to have a proppant for subterranean use which will have reduced interactions between the breaker and hydraulic fluid relative to those of curable proppants currently available. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a resin useful as a coating for proppants, whereby the resin coating does not utilize hexamethylenetetramine in a quantity sufficient to effect the cure. It is another object of the present invention to reduce the water solubility of the phenolic resin on the coated sand, or leachate therefrom, to thereby minimize the deleterious interaction between the breaker and the hydraulic fluids.
The present invention provides an improved resin-coated proppant comprising a particulate substrate and a phenolic resin coating composition which is not cured by means of hexamethylenetetramine. The phenolic coating composition of the present invention can comprise a mixture of novolak and resole resins. The phenolic resin coating composition of the present invention is further improved by the addition of one or more alkylphenols, arylphenols, alkoxyphenols or aryloxyphenols in amounts sufficient to reduce the water solubility of the resulting phenolic resin coating. The alkyl or aryl group or groups on the alkylphenol or arylphenol used to modify the resin can include, for example, phenyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, isoamyl, n-hexyl, branched hexyls, n-heptyl, branched heptyls, n-octyl, branched octyls, n-nonyl, branched nonyls, n-decyl, branched decyls, undecyl, and dodecyl. Mixtures of these and higher alkylphenols, such as, for example, cashew nut shell liquid, are also operative herein. By "aryl" herein is meant phenyl and substituted phenyl groups including alkaryls and arylalkyls.
It has been discovered that the modification with one or more alkylphenols of a phenolic resin system used to coat proppants provides reduced water solubility of the resin coating system. As the degree of substitution on the phenol ring increases, the water solubility of the phenol resin, and its leachate decreases. Reduced water solubility of these systems is highly desirable because water soluble resin and components thereof can interfere with the performance of the proppant and/or the hydraulic fluid in subterranean applications.
According to the present invention, the phenolic resin may be modified by incorporating one or more alkyl, aryl, alkoxy or aryloxy groups on the phenol ring structure, wherein multiple substituent groups may, but need not be different. Thus, for example, the phenol used to prepare the resole resin or the novolak resin could be dialkylated wherein one group is methyl or ethyl and the second group is aryl, nonyl or decyl. It is preferred but not required that the alkyl or aryl group or groups be in positions ortho or para to the phenolic hydroxy group. However, to achieve the desired crosslinking, two or more active crosslink sites must remain on the phenol ring. The selections of the modifying substituent group or groups for the preparation of the resole resin and the novolak resin may be independent of each other. Thus, for example, the resole resin can be monoalkylated or dialkylated with relatively short chain alkyl groups, while the novolak resin can be mono or dialkylated with long chain alkyl groups. There is no limitation as to the number of alkyl or aryl groups, or the length of the alkyl chains, or the combination of groups in the modification of the phenolic resin, provided (1) crosslinking is still achieved in the subterranean formation and (2) water solubility is decreased.
The present invention also provides an improved method for treating subterranean formations, such as natural gas and oil wells, said method comprising the steps:
(a) applying to a subterranean formation a proppant coated with a curable phenolic coating composition, wherein the phenolic coating composition comprises a mixture of a novolak resin and a resole resin, wherein at least one of the resins may optionally be alkylphenol-modified, alkoxy-modified, aryloxy-modified, or arylphenol-modified, whereby the spectrophotometric absorbance at 510 millimicrons of the water soluble leachate from the phenolic resin coated sand composition is below about 1.68, and wherein the phenolic coating composition does not comprise hexamethylenetetramine in an amount to significantly affect the cure of the coating;
(b) curing the curable phenolic coating compositions without hexamethylenetetramine by exposing the coating composition to sufficient heat and pressure in the subterranean formation to cause crosslinking of the resins and consolidation of the proppant.
The present invention also provides a method of using the modified phenolic resins of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the resin of the present invention, which is useful for coating a particulate substrate, is preferably a combination of an alkylphenol-modified novolak resin and an alkylphenol-modified resole resin. The resole resin may be prepared from 100% alkylphenol. It is preferred in this invention that the mole ratio of alkylphenol to phenol in the resole resin be greater than 0.05:1 and preferably be from about 0.10:1 to about 1:1. While the novolak resin need not be modified, it is preferred in this invention that the mole ratio of alkylphenol to phenol in the novolak resin be greater than 0.05:1 and preferably be from about 0.10:1 to about 0.60:1. The resole resin is useful herein to initiate the cure of the novolak resin. Therefore, a preferred amount of resole resin is an amount equal to or greater than the amount needed to initiate cure or crosslink of the novolak resin. It is preferred that the weight ratio of novolak resin to resole resin in the coating composition be from about 4:1 to 1:9 on solids basis. Preferred alkylphenols useful for modification of the novolak resin or the resole resin or both are nonylphenol and dodecylphenol.
In one embodiment of the present invention a phenolic resin composition is prepared which comprises a novolak resin, such as for example, but not limited to EX5150 flake resin or Acme Plastiflake 1181 resin, or OX-31 novolak resin available from Borden Packaging and Industrial Products, a division of Borden, Inc., in Louisville, Ky. The resin components are combined with particulate substrate, such as, for example, sand, and also optionally a silane coupling agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the particulate substrate is sand and the silane coupling agent is A-1100, available from Union Carbide Corporation of Tarrytown, N.Y. Other organofunctional silane coupling agents, such as Z-6011, available from Dow Corning Corporation of Midland, Mich., are also useful herein to enhance the coupling between the phenolic resin composition and the surface of the particulate substrate.
It is preferred in the present invention that the novolak resin comprise a modified novolak resin which may be prepared by reacting formaldehyde and phenol with an arylphenol or an alkylphenol, such as nonylphenol or other modified phenols. The novolak resin may optionally be further modified by the addition of Vinsol�, or epoxy resins, or bisphenol A, or waxes, or other known resin additives. The preferred mode of preparation of an alkylphenol-modified novolak resin, such as nonylphenol-modified novolak resin, is to combine nonylphenol and phenol at a molar ratio above 0.05:1 and preferably between 0.10:1 and 0.60:1. This combination is reacted with a source of formaldehyde under acidic catalysis, or divalent metal catalysis (e.g., Zn, Mn), wherein the combination of nonylphenol and phenol is present in greater than equimolar amount relative to the formaldehyde present. The preferred phenol or modified phenol to formaldehyde molar ratio is 1:0.85 to 1:0.5. Under such conditions, the polymerization of the methylol phenols is a much faster reaction than the initial methylolation from the formaldehyde. Consequently, a polymer structure is built up consisting of phenolic and nonylphenolic nuclei, linked together by methylene bridges, and with essentially no free methylol groups.
The preferred mode of preparation of an alkylphenol-modified resole resin is to combine alkylphenol and phenol at a molar ratio above 0.05:1 and preferably between about 0.10:1 and about 0.60:1 and as high as 1:0. In a preferred mode, the phenol used in the preparation of the resole resin comprises phenol and/or an alkylphenol. Preferred alkylphenols are nonylphenol and dodecylphenol. This combination is reacted with a source of formaldehyde such as formalin or paraformaldehyde or formaldehyde itself under alkaline catalysis, wherein the formaldehyde is present in molar excess. It is preferred in the present invention that the resole resin have a molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol which is above 1.25:1 and preferably is from about 1.5:1 to 3:1. A more preferred molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol in the preparation of the resole useful herein is about 2.0:1 to 2.75:1. The preferred alkaline catalyst is lime, Ca(OH)2. In this manner is produced, for example, a nonylphenol-modified resole resin. It is desirable that the resin coated sand made from modified resole resin have leachate with spectrophotometric absorbance at 510 mu below about 1.68 and preferably below about 0.60 to about 1.0.
It is not required in the practice of the present invention that either or both the novolak and the resole resins be arylphenol, alkoxyphenol, aryloxyphenol, or alkylphenol-modified. In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the resins is so modified to achieve in the resulting coating composition the desired reduction in water soluble leachate and improvement in reduced interaction between the breaker and the hydraulic fluids. Thus, commercial non-modified novolak resins can be used in the present invention.
In another embodiment, neither the resole nor the novolak is alkyl-, alkoxy-, aryloxy-, or aryl-modified yet the combination provides a cured material with reduced water solubility. Such a combination of non-modified resole and non-modified novolak resins can be used in the absence of hexamethylenetetramine in the present invention for subterranean formations provided the resin mixture is advanced sufficiently to impart reduced water solubility. The advancing of the resin or resin mixture can be achieved, for example, by holding the resin or the resin-coated sand at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to allow the cure reaction to continue, thereby increasing the molecular weight of the resin. With the increase in molecular weight, the resin's water solubility is reduced.
The free phenol content of non-modified novolak can be reduced by applying the novolak resin to hot sand (e.g., 250� F.) and/or by mixing the novolak resin with hot sand for a longer mix time than is conventional. By these means, free phenol is evaporated from the novolak resin. Other novolak resins are also suitable in the present invention with or without alkylphenol, arylphenol, alkoxyphenol or aroxyphenol modification of the resole resin, if the water solubility of the resole/novolak resin-coated composition is sufficiently lowered to increase the hydrophobic nature of the phenolic resin compositions during the coating process.
In a similar manner, if non-modified resole resins are used in the present invention, it is preferred, though not required, that the novolak resin imparts to the phenolic resin coating composition sufficient water solubility-reducing character. The desirable spectrophotometric absorbance of the water soluble components leached from the phenolic resin coated sand composition of the present invention is below about 1.68, at 510 mu and is preferably about 0.60 to about 1.0.
Hexamethylenetetramine is not needed and in fact, is not desirable in the cure of the resin coating compositions of the present invention because the resole resin will initiate the crosslink and cure of itself and the novolak resin at the elevated temperatures of down-hole applications. This is particularly advantageous because in conventional phenolic resin-coated proppants the hexamethylenetetramine can leach out into the water and adversely impact the proppant consolidation, due to interactions with the breakers, and this problem is avoided in the present invention. It is particularly desirable, therefore, in the present invention that the resole resin be arylphenol, alkoxyphenol, aryloxyphenol or alkylphenol-modified so that the level of resole resin is not reduced due to water solubility. There must be sufficient resole resin remaining in the phenolic coating composition to effect crosslink and cure of the novolak resin.
The physical and chemical properties, including water solubility, of the phenolic resin-coated proppants produced according to this invention can be adjusted by (1) varying the ratio of novolak resin to resole resin, (2) varying the amount of modification of the novolak resin, (3) varying the amount of modification of the resole resin, (4) varying the aryl, alkyl or other substituent or substituents on the phenol used in the resole or novolak resin, (5) varying the carbon atom chain length of the substituent or substituents on the modified phenol used in the resole or novolak resin, (6) varying the cook or reaction time, or temperature or pH for the preparation of the novolak resin, resole resin or combination thereof, and (7) varying the mixing time of the resin on and the temperature of the hot sand.
A process for preparing an improved phenolic resin coated proppant will be described below.
Particulate substrate, such as Badger Mining T-2380A sand, is heated to a temperature above about 250� F. and preferably to about 360� F. Novolak resin or alkylphenol-modified novolak resin, or a mixture thereof, is added to the hot sand and mixed for about 30 seconds. Preferably a silane coupling agent such as A-1100 available from Union Carbide Corporation, Tarrytown, N.Y. is added in a amount sufficient to provide desired bond strength. After mixing an additional 60 seconds, to the mixture is added a resole resin, or an alkylphenol-modified resole resin, or a mixture thereof. The mixture is stirred until it has advanced above a desired melt point. A preferred melting point is above about 125� F. minimum. The degree of resin advancing or increasing in molecular weight during the mixing or coating is important in the invention to achieve the desired melt point and resin composition properties. Water is then added in an amount sufficient to quench the reaction. Immediately after the addition of the water, it is desirable, but not required, to add to the mixture a small amount of a silicone fluid, such as L-45 available from Union Carbide Corporation followed by mixing for an additional 60 seconds. The silicone fluid is added in an amount sufficient to provide lubricity and minimize dust. The resulting phenolic resin-coated sand is screened and cooled. According to the present invention, the sequence of addition of the resole and novolak resins can be reversed, or can be simultaneous.
The interaction of phenolic resin coated proppants, prepared by the present invention, with crosslinked hydraulic fluid was examined by using a static break test. The time required to break an experimental slurry is a measure of the degree of interaction of the phenolic resin coated proppant with the breaker. Thus reduction in the time required to break the slurry indicates desirable reduced interaction.
To perform the static break test the following materials are combined in a blender; 2.4 grams of hydroxypropyl guar, 0.60 grams of sodium hydrogen carbonate, 0.15 grams fumaric acid, and 500 milliliters of 2.0% by weight aqueous potassium chloride solution. This mixture is blended for 30 minutes to form a hydrated base gel, to which is then added ammonium peroxydisulfate as the breaker. (Table I represents use of 0.35 grams of ammonium peroxydisulfate and Table II represents use of 0.20 grams.) This mixture is stirred until the breaker dissolves. To this mixture is added 404 grams of the phenolic resin coated proppant prepared by the present invention as described above. Then, 0.5 milliliters of the crosslinker, DuPont Tyzor 131, is added to the mixture and mixed for 30 seconds to form a crosslinked fluid slurry. The slurry is decanted into a 300 milliliter beaker which is placed in a 176� F. water bath for observation. Breaking of the slurry is indicated by settling of the proppant. As discussed above, the time required to break the slurry is a measure of the degree of interaction of coated proppant with the breaker.
Table I illustrates examples of breaker time test results measured in hours for conventional resin coated proppants (samples 1-2) and modified phenol resin coated proppants of the present invention (samples 3-8).
TABLE I______________________________________PROPPANT SYSTEM(NOVOLAK/RESOLE BREAKER TIME (HR.)______________________________________ Control (uncoated sand) 0.51. EX5150.sup.(a) /HEXA.sup.(b) >122. EX5150/HEXA.sup.(c) 5.5-63. OX-31.sup.(d) /HMR resole.sup.(e) 2-34. NP-EX5150.sup.(f) /HMR resole 2.5-3.05. EX5150/HMR resole 2-2.56. NP-EX5150/NP-HMR resole.sup.(g) 17. EX5150/NP-HMR resole 18. OX31/NP-HMR resole 1______________________________________
In these tests, 0.35 grams ammonium peroxydisulfate was used as the breaker.
(a) EX5150 is a non-alkylated Acme/Borden novolak flake resin with a formaldehyde to phenol mole ratio of 0.75:1.
(b) HEXA is hexamethylenetetramine. Sample 1 is a nonalkylated commercial product available from Acme/Borden Resin Corporation as AcFrac CR.
(c) Sample 2 is a non-alkylated commercial product available from Acme/Borden Resin Corporation as AcFrac SB.
d) OX-31 is a non-alkylated novolak resin manufactured by Borden, Inc., Louisville, Ky. with a low free phenol content of 2 to 3.5 weight percent.
(e) HMR resole is a non-alkylated high molar ratio resole resin prepared by the method of Example 2 with a ratio of formaldehyde to phenol of 2.75:1.
(f) NP-EX5150 is an EX5150-type novolak resin which has been modified with 25 molar % nonylphenol.
(g) NP-HMR resole is a high molar ratio (2.75:1) resole resin which has been modified with 25 molar % nonylphenol.
As can be seen from Table I, gels of uncoated sand will break in about one-half hour, while the conventional hexa-cured novolak resins of samples 1 and 2 exhibit relatively long breaker times indicative of significant interaction between the resin and the breaker. This is thought to be due to migration of either hexamethylenetetramine, or unreacted phenol, and other low molecular weight phenolic compounds or both, into the water. Inventive samples 3 and 4 show reduced breaker time for novolak/resole blends which are not alkylphenol-modified. Sample 5 shows a phenolic resin composition comprising a nonylphenol-modified novolak resin and a non-modified resole resin. Sample 6 represents a phenolic resin composition of the present invention in which both the novolak resin (EX5150) and the high molar ratio resol resin have been modified by the incorporation into each of 25 molar percent of nonylphenol. Samples 7 and 8 show phenolic resin compositions of the present invention in which the nonylphenol-modified high molar ratio resole resin is combined with different non-modified novolak resins. Sample 8 shows a phenolic resin composition comprising a nonylphenol-modified novolak resin and a non-modified resole resin. It is clear from Table I that inventive samples 3-8 show a marked reduction in breaker time, a feature desired in reducing interaction between the breaker fluid and proppant.
TABLE II______________________________________Effect of Alkyl substituents in resoles:Modifier of high molar ratioresole, (by mole) Breaker Time (hrs.)______________________________________none 6.0p-cresol, 22.5% 5.25p-t-butylphenol, 17.3% 5.0p-nonylphenol, 12.5% 3-3.25p-nonylphenol, 25% 3-3.25p-nonylphenol, 100% 2.0p-dodecylphenol, 10.7% 3.0cashew nut shell liquid*, 9.5% 3.25-3.5______________________________________ *Cashew nut shell liquid is essentially a meta C15 alkylphenol. The resole made with this alkylphenol is inhomogeneous. The proppants in Tabl II were prepared using EX5150 novolak and the above resoles. Relative to Table I, there is a change in peroxydisulfate content to a lower level which slows break time.
In these static breaker tests, 0.2 gm ammonium peroxydisulfate was used. Also, Table II represents a change in crosslinker DuPont Tyzor 131 shipment which affects break time.
Resin compatibility with water was measured using the water tolerance test. The resin and water were equilibrated to 25�1� C. 50 gm of the resin was placed in a 250 mL Erylenmeyer flask. With constant agitation, water was then slowly added to the resin until a white cloudiness persisted in the resin solution. The weight of water added was recorded. % water tolerance was calculated using the following equation.
% Water Tolerance=(wgt. of water added to cause cloudiness)�2
TABLE III______________________________________Modifier of Alkylphenol Resoles, mole % Water Tolerance______________________________________unmodified 380p-methylphenol, 22.5% 330t-butylphenol, 17.3% 98p-nonylphenol, 12.5% 40p-nonylphenol, 25.0% 20p-nonylphenol, 100% 10p-dodecylphenol, 10.7% 32Cashew nut shell liquid*, 9.5% 80______________________________________ *The resole is not completely homogeneous. Particulates are observed in the resin.
With the exception of cashew nut shell liquid modified resole, water tolerance decreases with chain length of alkyl modifications at the same weight level. Furthermore, increasing alkylphenol modification level also decreases water tolerance of resoles. p-Nonylphenol modified resoles illustrate this trend.
Water soluble components of resin on the newly developed proppants are free phenol, alkylphenol and their low molecular weight derivatives. These water soluble components interfere with action of the breaker. The level of these materials is indicative of the extent of breaker interference. Coated proppants are extracted with water and the quantity of water soluble components is evaluated by spectrophotometric analysis of phenolic functionalities in the aqueous phase.
10 gm resin coated proppant was suspended in 100 mL de-ionized water. The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 30 minutes. The aqueous phase was collected. 10 mL of the water extract, along with 75 mL de-ionized water, was added to 15 mL 0.1N sodium hydroxide. To this solution, 2 mL 0.93 N ammonium chloride, 2 mL 0.24N aminoantipyrine and 2 mL 0.1N potassium ferricyanide were added. A yellow to reddish purple color developed, depending on amount of phenolic functionalities. Absorbance of the solutions at 510 nm was measured using a Bausch and Lomb Spectronic 20 spectrophotometer.
TABLE IV______________________________________ Absorbance at 510 mu______________________________________Modifier of Alkylphenol, mole %unmodified 0.62p-methylphenol, 22.5% 0.31p-t-butylphenol, 17.3% 0.42p-nonylphenol, 12.5% 0.15p-nonylphenol, 25.0% 0.11p-nonylphenol, 100% 0.05p-dodecylphenol, 10.7% 0.23Cashew nut shell liquid*, 9.5% 0.27ControlsAcFrac CR (cured with hexa) 1.75AcFrac SB (cured with hexa) 0.27AcFrac PR (a fully cured coated sand) 0.02Raw sand 0______________________________________ *inhomogeneous resole
The results indicate that the leachate from unmodified high molar ratio resole proppant contains more phenolic materials than those from other modified resoles. It is likely that the amount of leachable materials is strongly influenced by the extent of cure during the coating process.
For the series of resin coated proppants with nonylphenol, the leachable materials decreased with increasing level of nonylphenol modification.
To further demonstrate this system, several proppants using EX5150 novolak and unmodified high molar ratio resole with different degree of advancement or mixing time were prepared. Their spectrophotometric absorbance at 510 mu and breaker interaction are shown in Table V.
TABLE V______________________________________EX5150/HighMolar Ratio Mixing Absorbance Break TimeResole Proppants Time (Min.) at 510 mu (hrs)______________________________________1 3 2.00 --*2 3.75 1.68 73 4 1.13 7.54 4.5 0.62 6AcFrac SB (control) 0.27 12(hexa cured)______________________________________ *No crosslinked fluid was formed when the crosslinker was added.
This series of results suggest that the proppant should have a spectrophotometric absorbance for leachable water soluble materials at 510 mu of about 1.68 or less. It can be seen from Table V that absorbance of 2.00 was associated with an unacceptable result (no break time due to failure to crosslink). The reaction of the crosslinker is inhibited by the presence of water soluble components leached from the coating material. Also, the longer the mixing time, the more advanced the coating became, and consequently, less soluble material is obtained from the more advanced proppants.
Phenol and alkylphenol were charged into a 3-necked, 5-liter round bottom flask equipped with an overhead stirrer, a thermometer and a condenser. A 50% formaldehyde aqueous solution (2.75 moles per mole of phenol OH functionalities) was added to the mixture. The temperature of the mixture was adjusted to 60� C. and lime (0.33 gm per mole of phenol OH functionalities) was added to the reaction mixture. The mixture was reacted at 80� C. After 30 minutes, it was cooled to 70� C. and a second quantity of lime (0.67 gm per mole of OH functionalities) was added to the reaction. Then the mixture was further reacted at 80� C. for 2 and a half hours. Subsequently, the reaction mixture was dehydrated to give a final resin of approximately 85�5% solids.
Modified melt point of resin-coated proppant is determined using a melt point bar. The melt point bar is electrically heated to give a temperature gradient across the bar. Temperatures of various points on the bar are measured using a series of thermometers inserted into the body of the bar. Using a funnel, a uniform strip of resin-coated proppant is laid on the heated bar. The proppant is allowed to set for 60 seconds. The bar is then turned on its side and loose proppant particles are allowed to roll off the bar. The temperature where the proppant still sticks to the bar is noted a the modified melt point.
Compressive strengths of resin-coated proppants were determined at atmospheric pressure and under 1,000 psi stress. 2 weight percent KCl solution (doped with a small amount of detergent to enhance wetability) was added to proppant. The mixture was gently agitated to wet the proppant. The wet proppant was then packed into a 50 mL (103 mm�29 mm) plastic centrifuge tube with frequent tapping and pushing. Three such specimens were prepared and placed into a tin can. The can was sealed and placed in a 200� F. for 24 hours. During the curing process loose proppant particles become a consolidated mass. After 24 hours, the specimens were removed. Both ends of the slug were smoothed to give flat surfaces and the slugs were 2 inches in length. Compressive strengths of the slugs were determined using a Detroit Testing machine and the average was reported.
For determining compressive strength under 1,000 psi stress, resin-coated proppant was wet with 2% KCl solution and packed into a heating tape-wrapped steel tube. After packing proppant, a load of 1,000 psi was applied using a press. The specimen was then heated to 200� for 24 hours. After curing, the specimen was removed and compressive strength was determined.
TABLE VI______________________________________ Compressive Strength (psi) atmospheric under 1000 psi______________________________________Modifier of high molar ratioresole, level (mole %)unmodified <20 275p-methylphenol, 22.5% <30 300p-t-butylphenol, 17.3% <50 240p-nonylphenol, 12.5% <30 350p-nonylphenol, 25.0% <30 360p-nonyphenol, 100% <10 100p-dodecylphenol, 10.7% <30 360cashew nut shell liquid*, 9.5% <50 200ControlsAcFrac CR 5000 (hexa cured) 525 575AcFrac SB (hexa cured) 175 275AcFrac PR (a fully 0 0cured coating)______________________________________ *inhomogeneous resin
Resole resins were prepared as described above using as modifiers p-methoxyphenol and p-phenoxyphenol. The mole % modifications were 20.6 mole % for p-methoxyphenol and 14.4 mole % for p-phenoxyphenol. The molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol/methoxy-phenoxyphenol was 2.75:1. Table VII shows the resulting water tolerance, compressive strengths, breaker times, and UV absorbance. The proppants thus produced by mixing EX5150 novolak and these resoles follow the trend wherein the removal of hexamethylenetetramine lowers the breaker requirement substantially.
TABLE VII______________________________________Alkoxy and Phenoxy Modified Resoles p-Methoxyphenol p-Phenoxyphenol______________________________________Water Tolerance 330 102Compressive Strengthatmospheric 60 <501000 psi 300 275Breaker Time (hrs.)0.20 gm 7.5 4ammonium peroxydisulfate0.35 gm 5.25 1.5ammonium peroxydisulfateUV Absorbance 0.60 0.32______________________________________
It is desirable that a proppant has low compressive strength at atmospheric pressure and possesses high compressive strength under load. If a proppant is not correctly placed in well fractures and experiences no stress during cure, the improperly placed proppant of the present invention can be removed easily. Conversely, for a proppant to perform effectively, the proppant placed in well fractures should consolidate under pressure and be strong enough to withhold pressure to keep fractures opened. Therefore, a high compressive strength under stress is desired. The new proppants will provide such an advantage over the currently available products.
The free-flowing, heat curable resin-coated particles as produced by the above method may be used in sand control, or as proppants, or fluid loss agents in hydraulic fracturing. In carrying out a hydraulic fracturing operation, a fracture is first generated by injecting a viscous fluid into the formation at a sufficient rate and pressure to cause the formation to crack or fracture. A carrier fluid having the proppant suspended therein is then pumped into the developing fracture until the desired fracture size has been achieved. The temperature of the carrier fluid during pumping operations may be low so as to prevent premature curing of the resin coat. The carrier fluid can return back out of the well hole o bleed off into the formation depositing the propping agent in the fracture. This process is controlled by fluid loss agents which are small aggregate particles which temporarily slow the fluid loss to the formation. It is a particular advantage of the present invention that the fluid loss is not further compounded by the migration of water soluble resin, or hexamethylenetetramine.
After the proppant is placed, the well is optionally shut in with pressure maintained on the formation. As the pressure within the fracture approaches the normal formation pressure, the fracture walls close in on the proppant and apply an overburden stress thereto. The strength imparted by the coating helps maintain the integrity of the proppant. At the same time ambient subterranean temperature heats the resin coating and the breakers reduce the viscosity of the fluid, whereby the sand particles can come into contact with each other. Initially, the phenolic resin crosslinks and fuses forming a three dimensional permeable matrix which is porous to the oil or gas. As the temperature increases the polymerization reaction proceeds until the resin is cured into an insoluble and infusible cross-linked state. The pendular regions between adjacent particles bond the packed particles into a permeable mass having considerable compressive strength. By the present invention, improved and predictable control of the interaction between the breaker and the fluid is achieved relative to the use of hexamethylenetetramine-containing coated proppants.
Another feature of the present invention is the relative low strength obtained in the cured composition if cured without compression, but high compressive strengths if cured under pressure. This is important and valuable if the resin coating should accidentally be cured in the pipe or well hole before it reaches the subterranean formation where high pressures and temperatures are encountered. Prematurely cured compositions produced by the present invention can be flushed out of the pipe with water whereas conventional hexamethylenetetramine-cured novolaks cannot be flushed with water from the pipe or well hole.
Further modification and alternate embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of this description. Accordingly, this description is to be considered as illustrative only and for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the manner of carrying out the invention. Various modifications may be made in the method. Applicants intend that all such modifications, alterations and variations which fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims be embraced thereby.
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Lost soldier laid to rest
October 21, 2014 BADGER — Staff Sgt. Maurice Fevold was treated to a hero's welcome Monday as he returned to his home town of Badger, nearly 70 years after he was killed in action in World War II. more »»
Sullivan is sentenced for jail escape Monday
October 21, 2014 A Webster County Jail inmate who admitted to escaping from the facility in August was sentenced to 15 years in prison Monday. Jason Sullivan, 43, of Fort Dodge, pleaded guilty on Sept. more »»
Stabbing suspect remains in detention
October 21, 2014 A teen accused of attacking two women on the trail at Snell-Crawford Park remains in a juvenile detention facility. more »»
Humboldt supervisors reject drainage district bids
October 21, 2014 DAKOTA CITY — The Humboldt County Board of Supervisors rejected both bids received two weeks ago for a drainage project in Drainage District 125 Monday. more »»
Humboldt Council discusses downtown parking problems
October 21, 2014 HUMBOLDT — The Humboldt City Council discussed problems about downtown parking Monday. more »»
Republicans stump at annual FD chili bash
October 20, 2014 Hopeful of retaking the Iowa and U.S. Senate, Republican elected officials and candidates called for supporters to work hard and get out the vote at a dinner Sunday night. more »»
Naughton helps people with disabilities
October 20, 2014 Teresa Naughton uses the experience of having worked one on one with LifeWorks Community Services clients to inform decisions she makes as its executive director. more »»
Woman on trail stabbed Saturday
October 19, 2014 A teenager, charged with attempted murder after a woman was stabbed Saturday on the Snell-Crawford Park Trail, has also been charged in connection with an August attack in the same vicinity. more »»
Former DCI agent offers aid in apprehending suspect
October 19, 2014 A juvenile suspected of stabbing a female runner on the Fort Dodge Trails System near Snell-Crawford Park Saturday morning was caught near the scene by law enforcement officials as a result of publi... more »»
Reviving buildings' pasts
October 19, 2014 ALGONA — Brian Buscher is helping to give Algona's downtown buildings a facelift. more »»
Former home for orphans gets new life
October 19, 2014 The brick building at 230 Ninth Ave. N. has always been a home. more »»
Group sends lanterns over Kennedy Park to honor lost children
October 19, 2014 A local support group for mothers of stillborn and miscarried babies held a memorial service to honor their lost children Saturday. more »»
Study Club raises funds
October 19, 2014 more »»
Woman charged in Rolfe explosives case
October 18, 2014 ROLFE — A 13-year-old boy was placed in a juvenile detention center and a woman has been arrested in connection with the discovery of explosive material in a Rolfe house, the Pocahontas County... more »»
UPDATE: Police, Sheriff's Department investigate Snell-Crawford
October 18, 2014 UPDATE: 5:30 p.m. A juvenile who allegedly stabbed a woman on the Fort Dodge Nature Trail early Saturday is charged with attempted murder. more »»
A civic duty
October 18, 2014 By PETER KASPARI email@example.com When it's time for a criminal case to go to trial, 12 jurors are selected to weigh the facts and determine the defendant's guilt or innocence. more »»
New trial denied McElroy
October 18, 2014 Derrick McElroy will not be getting a new trial after a judge denied the motion Friday. McElroy, 28, had been seeking a new trial after being convicted of first-degree murder on Aug. 1. more »»
Sears may still have a future in FD
October 18, 2014 There may be a Sears store in Fort Dodge in the future after all. more »»
Scones and politics: Braley, Mowrer visit FD
October 18, 2014 Patrons of a Fort Dodge coffee shop experienced a double dose of Democratic candidates for Congress when U.S. Rep. Bruce Braley and Jim Mowrer visited Friday morning. more »»
Stewart visits Fort Dodge
October 18, 2014 By PETER KASPARI firstname.lastname@example.com An independent candidate for the U.S. Senate stopped by Fort Dodge Friday afternoon to meet with voters on a statewide tou. more »»


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The home of Acme Brick and Radio Shack, Fort Worth is part of the Metroplex, three cities that form a "huge-O-plex" of roughly six million people in eastern
Texas. Situated on the old
Chisholm Trail, the town has always seen action. (Just ask a native about the
Acre.) Today, though, the safer Sundance Square is entertainment central. The
Fort Worth
Gardens, widely seen in the film
Logan's Run, was designed by Philip Johnson. Fans of Van Cliburn, the American who won the first International Tchaikovsky Piano Competition in the Soviet Union in 1958, know he is a resident of a
Fort Worth suburb.


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From GHNCombined display of all available logs of GHN. You can narrow down the view by selecting a log type, the username (case-sensitive), or the affected page (also case-sensitive).
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text: Jake Gyllenhaal By Selina.kaye December 7, 2010 5:53 PM Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Category: Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! More From WYRK Flood Warning Remains in Effect for Erie County Linda Ronstadt Shares Parkinson's Update This Woman In Hamburg, NY Made AWESOME 'Art' With Snow In Buffalo [PICTURE] Remember When Garth Brooks Had a Hit With a Bob Dylan Song? Best of the Web


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Bing's Very First List Of Most Popular Searches
Technically, it is Bing.com's very first appearance since officially launching as the decision engine, halfway through the year (see: Meet Bing, Microsoft's New Search Engine) in early June. Coupled with an $80 million dollar advertising campaign to rebrand the new search engine (formerly Live Search) and attract new users, it may have actually worked – since Bing also appeared on the 2009 Yahoo Year in Review, with searchers asking, "What is Bing?"
In fairness, Bing did officially release their Most Popular Searches for all of 2009, including data from the first half of the year as Live Search. Decidedly, Michael Jackson would have made it to the top of the list, whether it was Bing or Live Search.
Twitter seems to have infiltrated Bing in the same way, clearly users needed help trying to decide, "To Tweet or Not to Tweet?" Or could it be that the Bing-Twitter integration was that big of a deal?
Top Overall Trending Topics on Bing in 2009:
- Michael Jackson
- Swine Flu
- Stock Market
- Farrah Fawcett
- Patrick Swayze
- Cash for Clunkers
- Jon and Kate Gosselin
- Billy Mays
- Jaycee Dugard
Top 3 Celebrity Searches:
- Perez Hilton
- Robert Pattinson
- Megan Fox
Bing plans to unveil a relevancy quiz on Facebook, so you can test your knowledge of the most popular searches in 2009. Stay tuned to the Bing blog to find out more.
For a real-time look at what's popular on Bing, don't forget about Visual Search, where you can view the Top Albums, Top iPhone Apps, Top Movies and more at any given time.
Back to: This Is It: The Most Popular Searches of 2009 >>
DON'T MISS OUT! The agenda for Search Engine Land's SMX West search marketing show is now up. Search marketing is the biggest area of digital marketing. You can't afford to get it wrong! SMX has practical tips & techniques for those experienced with SEO & SEM plus a welcoming environment for beginners. Learn more!
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