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In our research and client work at Altimeter, one of the most misunderstood issues we see is social business governance. I've seen it defined as everything from social media policies and risk management to organizational structures. My colleague Ed Terpening and I just published a report on how to think about governance – and in particular, the crucial role it plays in supporting strategy (download here). Strategy and governance are natural partners: Strategy lays the groundwork for new opportunities while governance ensures safe execution, managing the risk of change.
Yet our research found that only 16% of organizations feel that governance is well understood and deployed. Many organizations can't answer crucial questions such as: Who owns social? How are key decisions made? How do we organize to execute social? How do we manage risk as we scale social across the organization? Left unanswered, organizations face significant risks, including threats to brand health as the result of inappropriate or disjoint social practices. More importantly, organizations can't truly scale social into a business strategy unless governance is addressed.
Our definition of social business governance is:
An integrated system of people, policies, processes, and practices that defines organizational structure and decision process to ensure effective management of social business at scale.
The report is filled with data, sample policies, checklists, and case studies. In the end, you need to ask yourself how your social business governance actively supports the execution of your strategy. The capstone of the report is a social business governance maturity map, which I've included below. Where does your organization fall on this chart?
We'd love to hear where you are in your social business governance – and to contact us if you have any questions or need help with your governance roadmap. My report co-author Ed Terpening is far too modest to toot his own horn so allow me. He led Wells Fargo's social media efforts for 7 years from its inception in 2005 until he joined Altimeter two years ago. At Altimeter, he's helped numerous organizations design governance systems along with their social business strategies. You'll have a chance to talk with me and Ed in an upcoming webinar, on Tuesday, December 9th at 10am PT. Bring your questions as well as your best practices and war stories – we're looking forward to learning together with you at the webinar, and in our continued mutual quest to master social business governance.
In our research and client work at Altimeter, one of the most misunderstood issues we see is social business governance.
I crossed an item off my bucket list when I gave a TED Talk at TED@IBM on Sept. 23rd. The event was part of the new TED Institute, which partners with companies to create TED-curated events.
Altimeter and Capgemini Consulting to Collaborate on Thought Leadership, Research, and Global Consulting
Ten years ago today, I wrote my first blog post, entitled "Blogging as a State of Mind."
While most of the tech and business press focused on the functionality of the Apple Watch (digital crown, battery life, taptic engine, yadda yadda…) discreetly milling around the event were the fashion press, invited by Apple's new fashion and design team.
A key factor to creating and delivering a great customer experience is the ability of a company's workforce to modernize, use new technology platforms to connect with each other and customers, and most importantly, adopt a new mindset of openness and transparency.
Take a look around our site today, you might notice a very subtle change. We've seen a lot of change in our industry, not to mention at Altimeter, since we started five years ago. It felt like the right time to refresh our brand.
As we launch into 2014, the analysts at Altimeter each pulled together a compilation of trends and issues they are watching closely this year.
Last year, we asked companies about their top social strategy priorities. The second top response was "Developing Internal Education and Training." Yet, when we surveyed companies earlier this year, we saw that only 38% had any education program in place, beyond ad hoc efforts.
Each year, Altimeter surveys social strategists and executives, and shares our findings and analysis in Open Research reports. In our most recent report, we looked at our survey findings from the last four years, 2010 to 2013, to share our analysis of the state of social business.
I am thrilled to announce the promotion of Andrew Jones to Analyst at Altimeter.
Co-written with: Susan Etlinger, Rebecca Lieb, Andrew Jones, Linda Saindon, Brian Solis, and Ed Terpening The not-so-long awaited Twitter S-1 is out and now the intense scrutiny begins.
Jeremiah Owyang will be leaving Altimeter Group at the end of September to start a new company focused primarily on his passion for the Collaborative Economy.
As the founder of a small business, I know that the hiring and departure of each and every person makes a huge impact of the firm — and that this is an evitable part of the business.
Five years ago, I started a company. At the time, it was simply just me deciding I wanted to do something different. I learned it was by far the hardest professional decision I have ever made, to strike out on my own.
Altimeter continues to grow with the addition of Ed Terpening as Senior Consultant, where he will be leading Altimeter's client engagements and develop Altimeter Academy the company's new training offerings.
In 2011, the US hit a milestone — more than half of all adults visit social networking sites at least once a month. But when it comes to using social-networking technologies inside organizations, many business leaders are at a loss to understand what value can be created from Facebook-like status updates within the enterprise.
One question I frequently get is "How much should I be spending on social media?" The answer, of course, is it depends. This report looks at how 140 Social Strategists spent on social media in 2010 — and their plans for 2011 (read report).
I conducted the first of four Webinars on the ideas around "Open Leadership" and am making available the slides as well as a video recording. This Webinar laid out the reasons why open leadership is inevitable and required because of the adoption of social technologies.
Jeremiah Owyang and I held a webinar entitled "Developing A Social Strategy" that had over 495 participants asking very insightful questions — we had a great time sharing the information and got new ideas on how to develop our thinking as well.


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Marylhurst Chamber Choir Performs at Invitational
The Marylhurst Chamber Choir has been invited to perform at the Oregon Music Educators Association All State conference in Eugene in January 2015.
has issued a $100,000 challenge grant for Marylhurst's new Master of Science in Food Systems & Society program. This two-year, cohort-based program focuses on educating future leaders who will create a healthy, just and sustainable food system.
When you designate your gift* to the Master of Science in Food Systems & Society program, it will be matched dollar for dollar (up to $10,000 per gift) by the Maybelle Clark Macdonald Fund and will benefit the MS in Food Systems & Society.
Help us reach our deadline of June 30, 2014!
As of January 15, seven months after receiving the challenge, we have raised more than $70,000. Join those who have risen to the challenge. You can help make it happen!
*To designate your gift, select 'Food Challenge' from the drop down menu on our online donation form.
The Marylhurst Chamber Choir has been invited to perform at the Oregon Music Educators Association All State conference in Eugene in January 2015.
Terri Hopkins' thirty-three-year career as director of The Art Gym ends on a high note - a $1.25 million challenge grant from the Robert and Mercedes Eichholz Foundation.
Join Jennifer Sasser, Ph.D., Gero-Punk Project founder, for an evening of engaging discussion. In her words, "To be a gero-punk is to bravely and c...
A highlight of this year's Music in the Woods series will be a performance by Affiniti, a female trio from Dublin, Ireland, performing in collabora...
As part of our on-going partnership with Mary's Woods, join us for our monthly Marylhurst Day at Mary's Woods. Activities take place throughout the...
You may support Marylhurst with cash, stock, property, estate gifts or through gift annuities & charitable trusts.
Designate your 2013 gift to the MS in Food Systems & Society program -- and it will be matched dollar for dollar.

subset: commoncrawl


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Some time in the past I was on the Wisconsin Public Radio show Here On Earth to make some international literature summer reading recommendations. We weren't able to cover the full list of books I came up with, so I thought I'd post about them one-by-one over the next couple weeks with additional info, why these titles sound appealing to me, etc., etc. Click here for the complete list of posts.
Purge by Sofi Oksanen. Translated from the Finnish by Lola Rogers. (Finland-Estonia, Grove/Black Cat)
In terms of the book itself, I don't have a lot to add to Larissa's perceptive review. But to tie this particular post back into the actual WPR "Here On Earth" conversation that sparked this
sporadic series of posts, I have to post a picture of Sofi, aka, the "woman with the most amazing hair." (I feel like I must've mentioned this a half-dozen times during that interview . . . it was like my verbal crutch of the moment . . .):
I finally met Sofi at this year's PEN World Voices Festival, and really enjoyed talking with her. I say "finally" because I was supposed to meet her at the Reykjavik International Literary Festival last fall, but she wasn't able to make it due to a bout of the swine flu. And continuing with a bit of cursed luck, prior to PEN World Voices, she was supposed to read in California, but, well, the volcano nixed that trip . . . As a friend said, she could write a book on being impacted by the not-so-insignificant global disasters of recent times.
Anyway, Purge is a really interesting book, and I'm looking forward to seeing what else Oksanen ends up writing. She's really at the top of her game right now, having recently won the Nordic Prize for Purge, and was named Estonia's "Person of the Year" in 2009.
Although this may not be the most uplifting of the books in our summer roundup, it's definitely worth checking out.
Antoine Volodine's vast project (40 plus novels) of what he calls the post-exotic remains mostly untranslated, so for many of us, understanding it remains touched with mystery, whispers from those "who know," and guesswork. That's not to say that, were. . .
It hasn't quite neared the pitch of the waiting-in-line-at-midnight Harry Potter days, but in small bookstores and reading circles of New York City, an aura has attended the novelist Elena Ferrante and her works. One part curiosity (Who is she?),. . .
From the late 1940s to the early 1950s, Egypt was going through a period of transition. The country's people were growing unhappy with the corruption of power in the government, which had been under British rule for decades. The Egyptians'. . .
Miruna is a novella written in the voice of an adult who remembers the summer he (then, seven) and his sister, Miruna (then, six) spent in the Evil Vale with their grandfather (sometimes referred to as "Grandfather," other times as. . .
Kamal Jann by the Lebanese born author Dominique Eddé is a tale of familial and political intrigue, a murky stew of byzantine alliances, betrayals, and hostilities. It is a well-told story of revenge and, what's more, a serious novel that. . .
While looking back at an episode in his life, twenty-year-old Taguchi Hiro remembers what his friend Kumamoto Akira said about poetry.
Its perfection arises precisely from its imperfection . . . . I have an image in my head. I see. . .
The central concern of Sorj Chalandon's novel Return to Killybegs appears to be explaining how a person of staunch political activism can be lead to betray his cause, his country, his people. Truth be told, the real theme of the. . .
Spoiler alert: acclaimed writer Stefan Zweig and his wife Lotte kill themselves at the end of Lauren Seksik's 2010 novel, The Last Days.
It's hard to avoid spoiling this mystery. Zweig's suicide actually happened, in Brazil in 1942, and since then. . .
To call Kjell Askildsen's style sparse or terse would be to understate just how far he pushes his prose. Almost nothing is explained, elaborated on. In simple sentences, events occur, words are exchanged, narrators have brief thoughts. As often as. . .
After a mysterious woman confesses to an author simply known as "R" that she has loved him since she was a teenager, she offers the following explanation: "There is nothing on earth like the love of a child that passes. . .


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Which sauce pan to use for cooking rice? Shallow/wide or taller/more narrow?
- k
- kimbers324 Jul 3, 2013 10:26 AM
Yet another question from me (still with sauce pans on my mind)....which is more effective for cooking rice and quinoa: shallow/wide surface pan (like the Calphalon Tri-Ply 2.5 qt. shallow sauce pan) or taller/more narrow (like the Cuisinart MCP 2 qt sauce pan)? Thank you!
Hi, kimbers:
I'm not sure there's a correct answer to this, but I like a taller pan for cooking plain rice. All you're doing at a basic level is moistening and heating the grains enough to gelate and soften the starch granules.
For more elaborate rice dishes, e.g., pilaf, paella, risotto, polo , I like a shallower/wider pan, but for different reasons.
Indian and Iranian cuisines tend boil rice in an excess of water, which is poured off; this tends to keep the grains intact and distinct. Chinese and Japanese cuisines favor using just enough water, yielding clumpy rice that is easier to eat with chopsticks. But with enough volume and the right water/rice ratio, I think either of your pans will work about the same.
Hi kimbers324;
Rice is a complicated matter, as there really are a very wide range of rices, and also several general methods to cook them, each of which is done best in different vessels.
Regarding basmati rice, to cook it in the persian style, the best is an aluminum pot coated in teflon (to allow for good tahdeeg production) with a glass lid that has a tiny hole allowing a little steam to escape. This pot will also work well for other basmati rice dishes, such as mixed rices from various cultural recipes.
Regarding medium and shorter-grain asian style rice (Jasmine white, brown, red; short Japanese varieties like white, haiga, brown, sweet), modern fuzzy logic rice cookers (e.g. Zojirushi, Cuckoo, etc) are your best bet. They make amazing white, brown, Gaba-brown, sushi, sweet, porridge, .... you get the picture.
Personally, I lack the skill and would not attempt to cook rice in a pan lined in stainless, ceramic, bare iron, tin, etc, unless it's a particularly wet recipe like a Paella (which is best in a paella pan).
So assuming your pans are non-stick, there's no wrong answer. I would choose a short wide pan in order to maximize the amount of tahdeeg. My wife would choose a taller more narrow pan in order to provide significant height, because she like the fluffiness of the "middle-rice" that only a taller pot can produce.
I'm eager to read what the other more accomplished cooks here have written.
re: alarash
If you can make good tahdeeg, how much more accomplished can you be with rice? :-D
I like taller, narrow for most rice, mostly because that's what I've always used. I don't see any reason, though, that either of those pans would present a problem.
Regarding the comment by Alarash about not using a stainless saucepan, I (and millions of other cooks) do it every week, and it's no big deal. It doesn't stick and clean-up's a breeze.
re: DuffyH
I just saw that comment about not cooking in stainless. Yep, I do it with no problem. In a dented pot with a lid that doesn't quite fit... Rice isn't a mystery. Plus, it's fairly cheap so trying different spices, water ratios, etc isn't a big deal.
re: Hobbert
The glass lids on my Calphalon stainless don't seal well, so I wrap the lid with a kitchen towel, pulling the corners through the top loop handle. Works like a charm and no steam escapes. IIRC, I got the idea from a CI rec. many years ago.
re: DuffyH
Cool idea! Thanks for the tip.
re: Hobbert
You're welcome. The towel ends make a dandy cool grip for the lid, too. :)
I like a heavy pan with a heavy lid when cooking rice. For me, it's best for measurements if the heavy lid fits into the pot and so seals, rather than having a more flimsy lid lightly resting on top of the pot and blubbering away as it boils and steams. My two favourite rice pots are a cast aluminum one picked up at the Salvation Army years ago, and a smaller Le Creuset enamelled cast iron pot. Both are somewhat squat and neither shallow nor tall. Having a couple of different sizes is useful unless you make the same quantity all the time. And as others have pointed out, specialized styles of rice making can benefit from more specifically tailored pots or pans.
re: VitalForce
I've used a 2 qt Le Creuset round oven - about 7.5" wide, 5.5" high - for years. Perfect rice every time!
re: Miss Priss
and cooking style. In Spain they distinguish between dry (seco), moist (melloso) and soupy (caldoso) rice dishes.
You can make rice very easily in an oven/toaster oven with just an 8x8 baking dish. Just put equal parts liquid and rice, then cover tightly with foil (or a tight fitting lid if it came with it) and bake it at 350 degrees (non-preheated) for about 40 minutes for white rice, closer to an hour for brown rice.
The benefit is you don't get any scorching, and the rice doesn't become gummy from stirring. It cooks evenly throughout.
re: Atomic76
As others have replied already, rice is a delicate matter. What may seem as a benefit for you (no scorching) is actually a disadvantage for others. Some of us want the scorched rice, and as a Dominican, I can attest to that. Dominicans call the scorched rice that you scrape off the bottom of the pot (or dutch oven) "concón". Since the amount of concón is less than the normally cooked rice, don't be surprised to hear family members arguing over who gets more concón during lunch.
Either can work, but you many need to adjust the water ratio a bit. When cooking rice, most of the water is absorbed, but some also evaporates. Other things being the same, there will be more evaporation in the wider pan. But you also have to take this into account when making different quantities. The water ratio should be lower when cooking 2c of rice than when cooking 1 (in the same pan). Some cooks use a 'water depth above the rice' measure, rather than cups.
The best all around way to cook rice other than high glutonous rice (sticky rice) is by way of a rice cooker. Follow instructions and you have perfect rice everytime! Sticky rice on the other hand is soaked fro 3 hours and then steamed in a bamboo hat like container 15 - 20 minutes 4 - 6 persons serving and longer depending on the quantity being cooking.
Use what Asians the world over use--a rice cooker. Millions of Filipinos, Japanese, Koreans, Viet Namese, Thais, Cambodians, Chinese, Laotians, etc., etc., etc. can't be wrong. You'll find rice cookers in ethnic restaurants, in large part because the rice will stay warm without overcooking or drying out.
Get the basic $15-$20 model--you don't need to splurge on models that have bells and whistles, unless you really want to spend the extra money for bragging rights. Do, however, splurge on the rice cooker book written by the late, great Roger Ebert: It's called "The Pot and How to Use It" and I guarantee you'll love his recipes (Whole meals! Healthy dinners! In a hotel room at Sundance!) and stories as much as I do. Really. Get it now. You'll be glad you did.
That said, I've cooked stovetop rice, quinoa, cous cous, barley and probably every other grain known to man in pots, pans, sauciers, skillets and Dutch ovens made from aluminum, stainless, tri-ply, ceramic, glass, cast iron and non-stick, with the appropriate lid or covered with aluminum foil or a dinner plate. They all work, as long as your stove can be turned to a very low heat.
And shallow/wide works best for fluffy, evenly-cooked grains.
What kind of rice are you making? If I'm making pilaf I use wide shallow pan, otherwise a normal sauce pan. Ok well I usually just use the rice cooker for steamed rice.
I've used both, it doesn't make a whole lot of difference. Use very slightly more water for the shallow pan as more of it will tend to evaporate, but again, its not a significant difference. taller smaller diameter is a little easier, less surface area to burn if things go wrong. If you are paying even a modicum of attention neither should give you any trouble.
I use a spaghetti steamer, with a deep perforated insert, which is good for veggies, while for rice there is a higher basket. It is made by Leyse out of aluminum.
Generally runs around $25 or $30. Had it forever, and still like it a lot. Very versatile pot to have in the kitchen.
Cooking rice isn't rocket science. Sorry to make that statement. I can cook it in basically any pot ( which I've had to to when visiting people) It' the understanding of water ration to rice - as someone referred to earlier. Majority of people are in a hurry and that leads to burnt, undercooked etc. It's the ratio and level of heat that the main concern for me when cooking rice.
I like to have a crust with my rice as I was brought up on " Stone Soup" or you throw butter on it and have a crispy snack. BTW - that's also what/how Sizzling rice soup is is made - from the crust.
Quinoa is the same for me except for the crust thing.
re: marciap
I've seen one that uses 1 knuckle above the rice, about an inch. Haven't tried it yet. Since I'm cooking for 2, I use a dry 1cup measure for rice, and fill the same one twice with water. Seems to work out. That gets me rice for 2 meals, a pretty sweet deal.
re: DuffyH
I've always used the 'knuckle measure' as well with good results.
re: marciap
The way my Dad taught me was placing your hand on top of the washed rice and fill til the water covers your hand.
Always worked for me, plus he ran the kitchen in a chinese restaurant.
Accurate measurements will be on the rice package but usually 2 x water to rice. Boil water, add rice, turn off heat, cover for 20 to 30 minutes ...no peaking!
re: VitalForce
re: paulj
I rinse but don't soak basmati. Jasmin's about the same at 1.3 or there abouts. Both come out nicely cooked through with each grain separate. I don't like either rice seeming wet. I'm still working on getting short grain calrose right though, which I don't rinse. It seems to taste best when a little bit sticky but certainly not gluey.


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Said to be a man who writes with his pen dipped in his soul, bestselling author Tom Winton has been listed as one of Amazon's Top 100 "Most Popular Authors" in both Literary Fiction and in Mystery, Thriller and Suspense.
Born in New York City, he has done everything from working on a railroad gang in the Colorado Rockies to driving a taxicab in Manhattan. He's been a mailman, a salesman, an entrepreneur and more. Now living in Florida with his wife Blanche and their ill-tempered but lovable Jack Russell terrier Ginger, Tom is working on his sixth book.
Tom's novels have been likened to such classics as Catcher in the Rye, To Kill a Mockingbird and more. His titles are Beyond Nostalgia, The Last American Martyr, Four Days with Hemingway's Ghost, Within a Man's Heart, A Second Chance in Paradise, and a short story collection The Voice of Willie Morgan.
Review by:
Suzanne Burke
on Dec. 12, 2011 :
How do you read a book like this? How do you find the time to be alone and comfortable to take a journey into the recent past? Please do yourselves a favor ... make that time and find that place and settle back ready for the trip.
Author Tom Winton leads you to the streets of a different New York city. A New York set in the early days of Bob Dylan and West Side Story combined. A New York bursting at the seams with a revolution brewing on its streets.
Into that time and place the author introduces you to the young lovers. Two complex and likeable young people that fall desperately irrevocably in love. A love with all the passion, lust, need, and longing of any two people who find and recognize their soul-mate.
The reader wants them to be together, you agonize over what you feel may be coming...hoping that they can avoid the pitfalls of any intense relationship and remain together.
The author makes you care about their love. You are with them, he allows you to see them, hear them, and feel for them.
The devastation that awaits their new love is as gutwrenching as it is unexpected.
Two decades pass, and here they are again, looking at one another and longing...is it too late? Is it possible to forgive and move on? I will not spoil this for you. Suffice it to say that this wonderful author has you gripped firmly in his talented hands, and you are grateful for his talent.
A stunning debut novel, from Tom Winton. Remember the name folks, you will be hearing it...and often.
(reviewed the day of purchase)


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Casa de Maryland and SEIU 32BJ led the celebration of President Barack Obama's speech which outlined temporary measures to delay the deportation of nearly five million immigrants.
Hundreds of supporters of HRDB demonstrated in front of the White House today, protesting what they describe as the illegitimate death sentences issued by Bangladesh's International Crimes Tribunal (ITC).
Antares, NASA's unmanned supply rocket, crashes soon after lift-off on the Virginia launchpad. The rocket was set for a resupply mission to the International Space Station. NASA claims the crash was a result of a catastrophic anomaly.
A dedication ceremony was held at the opening of the new American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial in Washington, DC.
President Barack Obama spoke at the dedication ceremony for the new American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial in Washington, DC.
Rally leaders gathered on the steps of the John A Wilson Building to draw attention to the DC auditor's report that $1B allocated to the small business community over the past three years is unaccounted for.
The Washington, DC Out of Darkness Walk raised an estimated $150 thousand for suicide prevention and awareness. In the United States, a person dies by suicide every 13.7 minutes, claiming more than 38,000 lives each year.
As the Capitol Dome restoration project begins, scaffolding is being erected and it will need to surround the entire Dome, starting from the Dome Skirt and going up until the base of the Statue of Freedom.
Pushing back against a wave of legislative and judicial action seen as targeting the rights of women, the grassroots organization "We Are Woman" held a Constitutional Day Rally on the West Lawn of the US Capitol.


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text: ESPN Feed: glenn carson http://assets.espn.go.com/i/tvlistings/tv_espn_original.gif ESPN en-us 10 ESPN Inc. http://espn.go.com/ Copyright 2010 ESPN Inc. STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- Go ahead, underestimate Allen Robinson. He doesn't care; he's used to it. Robinson was a consensus two-star prospect in high ...]]> April 08, 2014 13:30:47 PDT STATE COLLEGE, Pa. - There will be plenty of Penn State players to keep a close eye on this spring, but a few rise to the top for one reason or anothe...]]> February 25, 2014 06:00:25 PST STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- This week's countdown continues with the No. 4 spot. Once again, until spring practice starts, we'll have a different countdo...]]> February 11, 2014 06:00:32 PST It's never too late -- or too early -- to see what we learned from this past season and also look ahead to next season. So, we've started breaking dow...]]> December 27, 2013 10:00:39 PST STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- As expected, Allen Robinson was once again the big Penn State winner when it came to the Big Ten's All-Conference Selection Show...]]> December 02, 2013 14:58:36 PST Lessons learned from Penn State's 63-14 loss against Ohio State in Week 9: 1. Defensive problems go very deep. Giving up 63 points -- the most sinc...]]> October 27, 2013 07:30:10 PDT STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- Stephen Obeng-Agyapong sees the play everywhere. He can't forget. Third quarter. Third-and-goal from the 1. Oct. 27, 2012. Br...]]> October 24, 2013 05:00:40 PDT It's the halfway point of the season, and that can only mean one thing. It's time for the midseason Penn State power rankings. Each player was rank...]]> October 17, 2013 11:30:10 PDT STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- Linebacker Glenn Carson wants redemption. First he endured a loss to UCF where his defense gave up 507 yards. Then came India...]]> October 10, 2013 05:00:48 PDT Josh Moyer talks to Penn State middle linebacker Glenn Carson about some early-season struggles and the upcoming game against Michigan.]]> October 09, 2013 13:00:26 PDT The Nittany Lions' defense will get another chance at showing UCF was just an aberration in their first real road test of the season. Here's what we'l...]]> October 05, 2013 04:00:03 PDT Recognizing the best and the brightest from the Nittany Lions in Week 4: Penn State's three-headed running attack: Take your pick -- this trio was ...]]> September 22, 2013 06:00:45 PDT STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- Bill O'Brien isn't one to shower praise upon his players. The Penn State head coach is more likely to punt on fourth-and-inches ...]]> September 18, 2013 13:30:58 PDT STATE COLLEGE, Pa. -- Linebacker Mike Hull missed Week 2 with an unspecified injury but he'll practice Tuesday and will play Saturday, Bill O'Brien sa...]]> September 10, 2013 10:50:50 PDT Recognizing the best and the brightest from the Nittany Lions in Week 2: Defensive tackle DaQuan Jones: Has there been a more dominant player on th...]]> September 08, 2013 06:00:40 PDT


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The Polar History section contains information about the people that explored the furthest reaches of the globe. In this section, you can learn about some of the explorers that set out to find the ends of the Earth.See more »
Cid, El , the popular name of Rodrigo (or Ruy) Diaz de Bivar (1040 - 1099), a Spanish national hero.
As we look back on 2011, it's clear it was a banner year. Well, maybe not for the housing market, but at least got to watch a Royal wedding and dispell rumors about the McLobster. Now it's time to put your memory to the test. How much do you really remember about 2011? (Image credit: Swinburne Astronomy Productions.)


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Find records of Bertha Cerkas
Find birth, death, marriage, military, and other records of Bertha T Cerkas at Ancestry.com.Search for records
Biography & Family History Add details
Bertha T Cerkas (1912 - 2002) was born on March 8, 1912. She was born into the Cerkas family.
Bertha had no marriages. Bertha died on August 25, 2002 at 90 years old.
Bertha T Cerkas's last known residence is at Argonne, Forest County, Wisconsin.
The data on this page comes from the official record for Bertha T Cerkas in the SSDI (United States Social Security Master Death Index). According to information provided to the SSDI, this death record has been verified by a family member of the deceased. This data can be considered very accurate. What is the SSDI?
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Houston couple John and Harriet Halkyard share their story of driving an RV from Texas to Panama.listen here
Actor Louis Gossett, Jr. discusses his work to end racism and the stories Hollywood hasn't told yet.listen here
Every year, Fresh Arts hosts this alternative winter wonderland– one part curated festival, one part holiday party, and all kinds of fun.Check it out November 21-23
If you're a member of Houston Public Media whose payment information has changed, update it today to keep supporting the programs you love.Update your information now
Local band blends rockabilly, conjunto and honky-tonk into a unique Gulf Coast sound.watch here
Houston band The Suffers performs its blend of "Gulf Coast Soul" in the Geary Performance Studio.Listen Here
America's leading debate series recorded live in New York City, as featured on NPR and WNET. Buy tickets, listen to debates, watch videos...
Hosted by acclaimed pianist Christopher O'Riley, From the Top celebrates the amazing performances and captivating stories of extraordinar...
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Platts Energy Week is your independent source for energy news, an independent all energy news and talk program aired weekly in Washington...
The Texas State Board of Education has voted to approve the use of 89 history and social studies books across the state.
The two sides have been trying to hammer out a historic accord curbing Iran's nuclear programs, but with less than 24 hours before a self-imposed deadline, there is still no news of a deal.
Female Marines are being humiliated and generally degraded by their peers on Facebook. The groups' pages are frequently shut down, but return within days due to a dedicated following.
In this installment of our semi-regular Word Watch series, we look at a popular term for the practice of never being on time.
By Monday, Buffalo could see a high temperature of 60. Authorities warned that the quickly-melting snowpack could cause some serious flooding.
The White House is reviewing how it handles hostage crises following the brutal murders of Americans abroad, but families of hostages say they're often left out of the conversation.
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OPENING NIGHT: Thursday, May 2, 2013 (8 PM)
Runs now through May 18, 2013 (8 PM)
"If you care to assassinate yourself with laughter, try 'Deathtrap'." (Time Magazine)
Written by Ira Levin
A successful writer of Broadway mysteries struggles to overcome a "dry" spell, and he'll do just about anything to be back on top. Full of twists and turns and heart-stopping shocks, the devilishly clever Deathtrap is the longest-running comedy thriller on Broadway.
Directed by Bob Bowersox
Set Design by Michael Boyer
Lighting Design by David Bird
Part of Key West Mystery Fest 2013
Opening night party on May 2 sponsored by Jack Paul
Do you remember the amazing opening concert, "S'Wonderful: An Evening of Gershwin"? This year's ope [...]
It's not too late to enter and win TWO TICKETS TO EACH OF THE FIVE GREAT SHOWS THIS SEASON. This [...]


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Town Square
School Area Advisory Board
Original post made by Jane Doe, Midtown, on Aug 30, 2006
This is important for all of us with the new housing developments, local traffic issues, progression of which middle and high schools follow from which elementary schools and even the possibility of reopening schools. So if you do have an opinion, let it be heard.
Comments (2)
a resident of Midtown
on Aug 30, 2006 at 8:41 pm
If they don't investigate sunsetting Tinsley then they might as well just nibble their cookies and go home.
a resident of Midtown
on Sep 5, 2006 at 11:10 am
I hope they let all JLS kids go to Gunn.
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Tin Pot Creamery expanding to Los Altos
By Elena Kadvany | 3 comments | 5,260 views
It Can Wait
By Cheryl Bac | 4 comments | 2,735 views
Easy Living
By Sally Torbey | 11 comments | 2,258 views
Truly Loved
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World of Warcraft: The Wrath of the Lich King
Death Knights draw closer. Published Friday, 22 August 2008
Dragon Age Inquisition walkthrough Our guide to the massive third game.
GTA 5 cheats and stock market guide Every GTA 5 cheat code, plus a guide to making more money.
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Chappelle, who rocketed to rocky stardom via the creation of his whip-smart and close-to-the-bone Chappelle's Show, just wants to put on the show he always wanted to see. So he decides to host a block party in the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn and invites a who's who of hip-hop and rap artists to perform. He starts off in his decidedly non-Hollywood Ohio hometown, passing out golden tickets and invites to a few of his luckier neighbors: two goofy young guys he meets on the street, the older ladies who work at the convenience store where he buys cigarettes, a local parole officer, a university marching band. Young, old, black, white ' Chappelle just wants them on the buses he has chartered. In New York, Chappelle restores the bullhorn to its former glory (before Extreme Makeover: Home Edition's Ty Pennington thoroughly and completely ruined it for all of us), sticking one out of the window of his car as he drives the Brooklyn streets and invites everyone within earshot.
All of this prep work is added to rehearsal and interview footage and interspersed with clips of the day's actual performances. The musical line-up is impressive (and fans of his show knew it would be, judging from the musical guests he frequently featured early on): Kanye West, Mos Def, Talib Kweli, Erykah Badu, Jill Scott, Common, The Roots, Dead Prez, Big Daddy Kane, even a reunited Fugees. Chappelle appears on stage every so often, playing emcee (and MC, at one point) and keeping things moving. Mostly, he jumps around and acts like a fan, singing along and, well, having a party.
As far as documentary filmmaking techniques go, Block Party is a bland installment. But it was never really about the film anyway. It's about one of America's boldest, strongest young voices taking artists into an underserved community and rocking the block. Chappelle has paid a personal price for his success, learning all about image and money and expectations and polite prejudice. The man you see at the block party is trying to make something of all that. For his sake ' and ours ' I hope he keeps trying.
First Impressionist
Director Terrence Malick journeys to The New World and stakes his claim once again as a most eccentric ' and artistic ' filmmaker.
Terrence Malick movies are an acquired taste. It's not that they aren't brilliant. And it's not that they aren't beautifully filmed. It's more that Malick movies are gloriously unconstrained by any sense of the conventional, and that can be challenging to even his most loyal viewers. His works are always an odd extension of performance art, some kind of Promethean picture poetry that shrugs off normal narrative and character development in favor of an exploration of essence. Malick is an impressionist ' and perhaps America's finest. The New World is his latest painting.
The Texas native is an inspiring anomaly. He sprang to prominence in the 1970s, making two flat-out masterpieces in the space of five years: 1973's Badlands, a fictional retelling of the Starkweather-Fugate heartland killing spree, and 1978's soft and sad Days of Heaven. He wrote and directed both pictures to great critical and artistic acclaim ' and then vanished from the spotlight as quickly as he had claimed it. He became an enduring myth in a town devoted to disposal ones, a maverick filmmaker who had worked on his own terms in the service of his singular vision. It felt as though this unique voice might be gone ' lost ' forever. And then, inexplicably, he roared back onto the screen in 1993 with the breathtaking, heart-stopping war epic The Thin Red Line. It's the quietest war movie ever made (and possibly the most affecting), but Malick's moving and melancholy ruminations were unfairly overshadowed by the garish showmanship of Steven Spielberg's Saving Private Ryan, which was released the same year. Why bother with a complicated, sprawling film that boasts no single main character when you can have Tom Hanks hamming it up on a special effects-enhanced D-Day?
Malick's anti-commerciality has always been his greatest gift ' and his biggest flaw. He isn't interested in wider audiences; he's just interested in willing ones. The New World is no different. Malick tells the story of Capt. John Smith (Colin Farrell) and Pocahantas (Q'Orianka Kilcher) through a slow and visually dazzling series of set pieces: their first meeting, the day she saves his life, their complicated courtship, their ultimate separation. The backdrop to all of this is the sun and rain and sky of uncharted territory and the stink and fear and madness of a fledgling colony.
Malick wants to submerge his audience in a dizzying, non-dialogue-driven journey into the deep. For a film like The New World to work, you have to be able to set aside a desire for momentum, explanation, finality. A filmmaker this fearless deserves nothing less.
NOV 21 Bobby Jindal is headed to Iowa again, the Des Moines Register reports here. The paper outlines what's going on with Bobby's non-campaign for president, and there's a lot of stuff here -- too bad none of it sounds like somebody running Louisiana. Hey, wasn't that the job he wanted?
NOV 21 The end of the term has come for the grand jury investigating a lucrative Medicaid contract and a former state health official's ties to the company that won it, the Advocate reports here, but that doesn't mean the investigation into this stinkiness is over. There are still some things to look into, the lead prosecutor says.
NOV 21 With the passage of two amendments to Louisiana's much-amended constitution (it has been amended almost 200 times now) higher education has an even bigger target on its collective back, columnist Jim Beam opines in this post. Higher ed used to share the spotlight with health care, but that has changed, he says.
NOV 21 Here's a weird one: The Louisiana Cannabis Industry Association has endorsed Bill Cassidy for the U.S. Senate. Apparently, Mary Landrieu said she wouldn't consider support of medical marijuana but Cassidy said he would, WWL reports here.
NOV 21 Solange Knowles, possibly best-known for assaulting her brother-in-law in an elevator while wearing an ugly dress after the Met Ball, got married in the Marigny Opera House this past weekend, the New York Times reports here. Knowles, who has a house in the Faubourg Marigny district and owns a boutique in the Quarter, married Alan Ferguson.
NOV 21 This post on the Fuel Fix blog outlines a $1.4 billion move announced this week by the Apache Corp. that includes the sale of assets in south Louisiana. The company's interests in more than 90,000 acres in south Louisiana are some of the assets being sold, the post reports.
NOV 21 One (possible) positive from Hurricane Katrina is a comprehensive zoning ordinance for New Orleans. Nine years later, we're getting closer to that being finalized, but the current version has some problems. Here's the latest in a series of posts on The Lens in which residents give their views of the draft; this one is more amusing than most.
NOV 21 The new NOLA smoking ordinance is going to harsh your (nicotine) buzz, man. This post on Gambit outlines the high (or low, as the case may be) points: it includes electronic cigarettes and hookahs in its bans; eliminates smoking within 25 feet of any building's public entrance and in any public space - or near any public space - operated by the city.
NOV 20 Here's an interesting article in the New York Times. The authors have picked one dish to represent each state in a Thanksgiving meal. Louisiana's dish? Shrimp stuffed mirlitons.
NOV 20 Politico reports here that Bobby Jindal won't be kept out of the presidential race by anyone else's candidacy. (If he's running, which he's not, 'cause he's not done prayin' on it) So he's not interested in who is running, or what the polls say, or how much money he's got? K.
NOV 20 NOLA Defender's Tiny Daiquiri has a little fun with Bobby Jindal's Meet the Press appearance in this post. Bobby is still prayin' on whether or not he'll run for the job he's been running for over the past three years, Tiny says.


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Latest posts by Admin (see all)
- Wes Armson's Photographs Are A Great Example of Creativity in Photographing Kids - October 1, 2014
- The Majestic Wildlife Photography of Marina Cano is Inspiring - September 23, 2014
- The Truth About Vignettes in Photography - July 9, 2014
While whales are indisputably a beautiful animal, photographing them can be somewhat of a challenge. You'll probably be shooting in the middle of the day on the water which throws up all sorts of exposure problems and trying to line them up with a good background has obvious limitations. That's why we think this collection shows some real skill with a camera by the various photographers.


text: Subscribe to our Newsletters By subscribing to Gotham Gazette's free newletters you will receive The Eye-Opener, our daily morning round-up of the day's news, and our occasional afternoon newsletter of original Gotham Gazette content. * indicates required Email Address * First Name * Last Name * Zip Code * Sign me up for Gotham Gazette Newsletters! Today's Lead: De Blasio to Live in Gracie Mansion by David Howard King, Dec 12, 2013 Twitter After weeks of uncertainty Mayor-Elect Bill de Blasio announced yesterday that he would move his family into Gracie Mansion and out of their home in Park Slope. De Blasio announced the move in a letter posted to his website and signed by his wife and two children. Concerns about his son's commute to Brooklyn Tech high school were part of the decision-making but the letter from the de Blasio's cites security concerns as a major factor in the move to Gracie Mansion. De Blasio will be the first mayor since Rudolph Giuliani to call Gracie Mansion home. Other Stories We're Following Quinn Says Council Speaker Should be Pro-LGBT, Pro-Choice (Politicker) New York City to Require Child Flu Shots (NY Times) Montefiore Faces Neighborhood Opposition to Medical Center in the Bronx(NY Times) Rangel Spends Chunk of Campaign Cash to Fight Censure (Daily News) Cuomo Dismisses Pot Legalization (Daily News) Cuomo Slow to Make Own Appointments to MTA (Capital) When Bill Bratton Abandoned Muslim Mapping (Capital) Researchers Study NYC Park Usage (Wall Street Journal) Ray Kelly Recounts Successes, Criticism (Wall Street Journal) De Blasio ay Allow Corporate Subsidies to Sunset (WNYC) Upstate Casino Site Pool Growing (Albany Times Union) Pricey Rockaway Bathrooms Get 24-Hour Security (DNAinfo) New York City Gets Least Cuomo Development Cash (Crain's) Tweet Editor's Choice With a Smirk, Bharara Diagnoses New York Corruption Problem Public Conversation on New Veterans Department Begins The Evolving Definition of Transparency Comments Comment(s) The comments section is provided as a free service to our readers. Gotham Gazette's editors reserve the right to delete any comments. Some reasons why comments might get deleted: inappropriate or offensive content, off-topic remarks or spam. Last Updated (Dec 12, 2013) Recent Articles by David Howard King :Legislators, Advocates: Dream Act On Cuomo's Shoulders NowNew York's Part-Time Legislators Look for a RaiseIs New York Campaign Finance Reform Dead?Governor Fusion: Cuomo and His Many Ballot LinesThe Cuomo Record: Budget


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Monash University > Scholarships >
Scholarship Opportunities Offered Outside Monash
The following links are for information only. Monash University does not play any role in the maintenance of these sites nor can attest to the accuracy of any information provided.
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Pharmacy Scholarship Scheme
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CHICAGO – "Drinking Buddies" director Joe Swanberg's latest release of the same star wattage is "Happy Christmas," an even lower-fi story than the Olivia Wilde beer comedy, steered even more by the casting that it was able to assemble. However, with this movie Swanberg doesn't so much worry about having a story that could be confused with a more mainstream romantic comedy if it were to have a bigger budget.
HollywoodChicago.com Hookup: 25 Chicago Passes to TNT's VIP 'Rizzoli & Isles' Early Screening Party
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The series stars Angie Harmon, Sasha Alexander, Lorraine Bracco, Jordan Bridges, Dwayne Standridge, Jayson Blair, Jonathan Doh, Richard Kuegeman, Chris Nuñez and Ethan Phillips from writers Tess Gerritsen and Janet Tamaro based on the novels by Tess Gerritsen. "Rizzoli & Isles" premieres on July 12, 2010 and airs on Mondays at 10/9 CST.
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Image credit: TNT
Here is the plot description for "Rizzoli & Isles":
In the streets of Boston, it takes more than understanding the mind of a killer to track down a twisted criminal. To solve these complex cases, you need to understand the science of murder. That's why detective Jane Rizzoli (Angie Harmon, "Law and Order") joins with medical examiner Maura Isles (Sasha Alexander, "Mission Impossible II").
But these two friends don't work alone. They've got back up from Jane's rookie partner (Lee Thompson, "Flash Forward"), her seasoned former partner (Bruce McGill, "Law Abiding Citizen") and FBI agent Gabriel Dean (Billy Burke, the "Twilight" films).
Image credit: Eric Ogden
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By ADAM FENDELMAN
best to catch a crook?
hidden camera, gps on items to be used as baits, and cooperation from law enforcement.
To Catch a thief
Leave what he wants in his reach!
- reply
- E-mail this comment
- quote
- 2 votes
Best way to catch a thief
Think like a thief and be one step ahed of him
What's the best way to catch a crook?
Put yourself in the crook's shoes and follow all of the moves he makes.
The best way to catch a
The best way to catch a crook, is to think like one.
- reply
- E-mail this comment
- quote
- -1 vote
Rizzoli & Isles VIP Screening Passes
Get someone on the inside.
Get someone on the inside.
Catch a Thief
Leave irresistible bait
To Catch a Theif
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- reply
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- quote
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Catch a thief
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November 13 – December 24, 2014
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text:
In vitro antibacterial activity of different endodontic irrigants.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare in vitro the antibacterial activity of Tetraclean (mixture of doxycycline, citric acid and polypropylene glycol), Niclor 5 (5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution), Cloreximid (0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% cetrimide solution) and hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes on three endodontic pathogens associated with primary endodontic infections. Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus strains were selected to evaluate the antibacterial activity of endodontic irrigants by the agar disc-diffusion test.
Paper discs were saturated with each one of the test solutions (at room temperature and preheating at 50°C) and placed onto culture agar-plates preadsorbed with bacterial cells and further incubated for 24 h at 37°C. The growth inhibition zones around each irrigant were recorded and compared for each bacterial strain. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were applied to compare the various groups.
At room temperature, Tetraclean showed significantly higher inhibition of bacteria growth than all other irrigants tested. Preheating at 50°C significantly increased growth inhibition for all the groups tested. At 50°C, hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes and Tetraclean showed significantly higher efficacy than all other irrigants tested.
50°C-preheated hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes and Tetraclean showed highest inhibition of the bacterial growth.
- SourceAvailable from: Michael Hamblin
Article: Antimicrobial strategies centered around reactive oxygen species - bactericidal antibiotics, photodynamic therapy and beyond.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can attack a diverse range of targets to exert antimicrobial activity, which accounts for their versatility in mediating host defense against a broad range of pathogens. Most ROS are formed by the partial reduction of molecular oxygen. Four major ROS are recognized comprising: superoxide (O2 •(-) ), hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), hydroxyl radical ((•) OH), and singlet oxygen ((1) O2 ), but they display very different kinetics and levels of activity. The effects of O2 •(-) and H2 O2 are less acute than those of (•) OH and (1) O2 , since the former are much less reactive and can be detoxified by endogenous antioxidants (both enzymatic and non-enzymatic) that are induced by oxidative stress. In contrast, no enzyme can detoxify (•) OH or (1) O2 , making them extremely toxic and acutely lethal. The present review will highlight the various methods of ROS formation and their mechanism of action. Antioxidant defenses against ROS in microbial cells and the use of ROS by antimicrobial host defense systems are covered. Antimicrobial approaches primarily utilizing ROS comprise both bactericidal antibiotics, and non-pharmacological methods such as photodynamic therapy, titanium dioxide photocatalysis, cold plasma and medicinal honey. A brief final section covers, reactive nitrogen species, and related therapeutics, such as acidified nitrite and nitric oxide releasing nanoparticles. One sentence summary. Reactive oxygen species are involved in cell signaling and disease causing damages, and in the antimicrobial arena mediate killing via bactericidal antibiotics, photodynamic inactivation, titania photocatalysis, cold plasma, medicinal honey, and nitric oxide releasing nanoparticles. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.FEMS microbiology reviews 06/2013; · 10.96 Impact Factor
Article: Comparative antimicrobial efficacy of Metapex, Metronidazole, BioPure MTAD, Aztreonam on Bacteroides fragilis and Propionibacterium acne.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the comparative antibacterial efficacy of Biopure MTAD, Metapex, Metronidazole, and Aztreonam against two obligate anerobic bacteria. Antimicrobial efficacy of selected medicaments against two obligate anaerobic bacteria Bacteroides fragilis and Propionibacterium acnes was done by Agar disc-diffusion method. Pre-sterilized Whatman paper discs, 6 mm in diameter and soaked with the test solution, were prepared and placed onto the previously seeded agar Petri plates. Each plate was incubated in anaerobic jar for anerobic environment at 37°C for 48 hours. A zone of inhibition was recorded for each plate and the results were analysed statistically. Saline and ethanol used as control group in this study. Biopure MTAD, Metapex and Metronidazole were effective against all the selected microorganisms. Aztreonam was effective against Bacteroides fragilis. Saline and ethanol used as control were ineffective. Metronidazole showed the superior antibacterial property amongst the tested medicaments.Journal of Conservative Dentistry 07/2013; 16(4):327-30.
Article: Determination of comparative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bacteriocins produced by enterococci for selected isolates of multi-antibiotic resistant Enterococcus spp.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The occurrence of multi-antibiotic resistance among enterococci is a prevalent clinical problem worldwide and continues to get serious due to the lack of efficient therapeutic options by the time. In this regards, prokaryotic antimicrobial peptides with bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity which are directed against bacterial strains closely related to producer strains looks one of the promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. Methods: The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of 20 clinical isolates of enterococci was evaluated and subsequently the isolates were screened for antibacterial activity against three different indicator strains. The efficacy of potential bacteriocinogenic isolates were assayed against multi-antibiotic resistant Enterococcus spp. by comparative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: Antibiotic resistant pattern of enterococcal isolates demonstrated that multi-antibiotic resistant to conventional antibiotics were significantly high and the prevalent pattern of resistance was combination of gentamicin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol and vancomycin. In addition, the data from comparative MIC showed the noticeable activity of selected potential bacteriocinogenic strains against pathogenic enterococci. Conclusion: The present survey may address the potential applicability of antimicrobial peptides in alleviating the problems of antibiotic resistance.Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin 01/2011; 1(2):75-79. · 0.88 Impact Factor
Page 1
In vitro antibacterial activity of different
endodontic irrigants
Successful root canal treatment is based on cleaning,
shaping and sealing the root canal system (1); the main
objective of root canal therapy is the elimination of
microorganisms from the root canal system and the
prevention of recontamination after treatment (2–5).
The complex anatomy of the root canal system limits
the mechanical action of endodontic instruments, and
the use of chemical solution with antibacterial activity is
recommended: endodontic irrigant solutions are used to
facilitate the debridement and disinfection of the root
canal space and are considered to be essential for
successful endodontic treatment (6–10). Mechanical
preparation cannot effectively eliminate bacteria from
the root canal system (11); thus, canal irrigants are
needed to aid in the debridement of the canals (11, 12).
The ideal properties of an endodontic irrigant are
organic and inorganic tissue solvent, antimicrobial
action, non-toxic, low surface tension and lubrification
(1). Currently, no solution meets all those requirements.
Hydrogen peroxide is an irrigation solution, which is an
active agent that affects a wide range of organisms such
as bacteria, yeasts, fungi, viruses and spores. The
antibacterialeffect ofhydrogen peroxide involves
hydroxyl radicals that are a potent oxidant. They can
react with macromolecules, such as membrane lipids
and DNA, thus resulting in bacterial death (13).
Chlorhexidine gluconate has a substantial antimicrobial
action (7, 14–16) and has relatively low toxic effects, but
it does not dissolve organic tissue; it acts by adsorbing
onto the cell wall of the microorganism and causing
leakage of the intracellular components (17). EDTA is
considered a moderate antibacterial agent, and it is
appreciated for its ability to chelate hard tissue as
decalcifying agent (18, 19). Sodium hypochlorite is the
most commonly used endodontic irrigant; advantages
to NaOCl include the mechanical flushing of debris
from the canal, the ability of the solution to dissolve
vital and necrotic tissue, the antimicrobial action and
the lubricating action; in addition, it is inexpensive and
readily available (1). But, even if it is a highly effective
antimicrobial agent, it does not remove the smear layer
from the dentin walls (20–26). Free chlorine in NaOCl
dissolves necrotic tissue by breaking down proteins into
amino acids; to obtain this effect, concentrations rang-
ing from 0.5% to 5.25% have been recommended (27).
Increasing the temperature of hypochlorite irrigant
(from 22 to 50?C), significantly increases its tissue-
dissolving ability and its bactericidal action (28).
Recently, a new irrigating solution has been developed:
Tetraclean (Ogna Laboratori Farmaceutici, Muggio ` ,
Italy) is a mixture of doxycycline (50 mg per 5 ml),
citric acid and polypropylene glycol (29). Tetraclean, is
used as a final rinse during the root canal preparation;
it is able to eliminate microorganisms and smear layer
Dental Traumatology 2012; 28: 205–209; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2011.01074.x
? 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Claudio Poggio1, Marco
Colombo1,3, Andrea Scribante2,3,
Dario Sforza1, Stefano Bianchi1
Departments of1Operative Dentistry and
2Orthodontics and3Surgical Sciences, Univer-
sity of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Correspondence to: Claudio Poggio,
Policlinico 'San Matteo', Piazzale Golgi 3,
27100 Pavia, Italy
Tel.: +39 0382 516257, +39 3398124925
Fax: +39 0382 516224
e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Accepted 18 September, 2011
Abstract – Aim: The objective of this study was to compare in vitro the
antibacterial activity of Tetraclean (mixture of doxycycline, citric acid and
polypropylene glycol), Niclor 5 (5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution), Clorex-
imid (0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% cetrimide solution) and hydrogen peroxide
12 volumes on three endodontic pathogens associated with primary endodontic
infections. Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus
aureus strains were selected to evaluate the antibacterial activity of endodontic
irrigants by the agar disc-diffusion test. Material and methods: Paper discs were
saturated with each one of the test solutions (at room temperature and
preheating at 50?C) and placed onto culture agar-plates preadsorbed with
bacterial cells and further incubated for 24 h at 37?C. The growth inhibition
zones around each irrigant were recorded and compared for each bacterial
strain. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were applied to compare the
various groups. Results: At room temperature, Tetraclean showed significantly
higher inhibition of bacteria growth than all other irrigants tested. Preheating at
50?C significantly increased growth inhibition for all the groups tested. At 50?C,
hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes and Tetraclean showed significantly higher
efficacy than all other irrigants tested. Conclusions: 50?C-preheated hydrogen
peroxide 12 volumes and Tetraclean showed highest inhibition of the bacterial
Page 2
in dentinal tubules of infected root canals with a final
4-min rinse (29, 30).
In literature, there are no studies that compared
antibacterial activity, with and without preheating, of
Tetraclean, Niclor 5, Cloreximid and hydrogen peroxide
12 volumes against different microorganisms associated
with primary endodontic infections.
Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare
in vitro, by the agar disc-diffusion test, the antibacterial
activity of Tetraclean (mixture of doxycycline, citric acid
and polypropylene glycol), Niclor 5 (5.25% sodium
hypochlorite solution), Cloreximid (0.2% chlorhexidine
and 0.2% cetrimide solution) and hydrogen peroxide 12
volumes against three different microorganisms. The null
hypothesis of the study was that there is no significant
difference in antibacterial activity among the various
Material and methods
The microbial species used in this study were as follows:
Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433), Streptococcus mu-
tans (CCUG 35176) and Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan 1
All strains were cultured in Brain Heart Infusion
(BHI; Difco, San Jose, CA, USA) supplemented with 10%
(v/v) horse serum (Oxoid, Garbagnate Milanese, Italy).
These cultures, used as source for the experiments, were
statically incubated at 37?C under aerobic conditions
and reduced at a final density of 1 · 1010cells per ml
as determined by comparing the OD600of the sample
with a standard curve relating OD600to cell number.
The agar disc-diffusion test of the endodontic irrigants
was studied on BHI agar (1.8% w/v) plate containing
10% horse serum. Each microbial strain was evaluated
against the following irrigants: Tetraclean (mixture of
doxycycline, citric acid and polypropylene glycol), Niclor
5 (5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution), Cloreximid
(0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate and 0.2% cetrimide
solution), hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes (0.3% hydro-
gen peroxide) and NaCl saline solution (control). The
same manufacturer (Ogna Laboratori Farmaceutici)
prepared all the endodontic irrigants. The microbial
strains were evaluated against the same four groups
of irrigants, after 50?C preheating in a syringe warming
device (Keydent, Vaterstatten, Germany). A calibrated
electronic thermometer with micro-chip (Testo AG,
Lenzkirk, Germany) was used to verify irrigants tem-
perature (28).
Agar disc-diffusion test
In the agar plate-diffusion test, plates of agarized
Mueller–Hinton medium (Oxoid, Cambridge, UK) were
incubated for 20 min at 37?C with 3 ml of an overnight
suspension of each bacterial strain (1 · 108colony
forming unit per ml, CFU ml)1) grown in BHI with
10% horse serum. Sterile paper discs (diameter of 6-mm)
(Oxoid, Cambridge, UK) were then saturated with 40 ll
of each irrigant and then aseptically transferred to the
agar plate previously incubated with bacteria. The plates
were incubated at 37?C and examined after 24 h. The size
of the resulting zones of inhibition was measured
(mm) by an independent observer with sliding callipers
and calculated as follows: size of growth inhibition
zone = (diameterhalo)diameter
results were recorded in terms of the average diameter
of growth inhibition zone. Fifteen parallel samples per
each irrigant were tested.
Statistical analysis
Growth inhibition zones were calculated. Kruskal–
Wallis test was applied to determine significant differ-
ences among the various groups. Mann–Whitney test
was applied as post hoc. Significance was predeter-
mined at P < 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed
with Stata 7.0 Software (Stata Corp., Station College,
Kruskal–Wallis test reported significant differences
among agar diffusion tests of the various irrigants
(P < 0.001). Mann–Whitney test showed differences
among various irrigants as reported in Tables 1, 2 and
3. Tables 1, 2 and 3 show mean zones of microbial
growth inhibition of irrigants after 24 h (at room
temperature and preheating at 50?C) against E. faecalis,
S. mutans and S. aureus, respectively. Figures 1, 2 and 3
show mean zones of microbial growth inhibition created
by the tested irrigants for each bacterial strain. At room
temperature, Tetraclean showed significantly higher
inhibition of bacterial growth than all other irrigants
tested (P < 0.05). Preheating at 50?C significantly
increased growth inhibition for all the groups tested
(P < 0.001). At 50?C, hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes
and Tetraclean showed significantly higher efficacy than
all other irrigants tested (P < 0.01). When compared
Table 1. Growth inhibition diameters (mm) of endodontic
irrigants against Enterococcus Faecalis (the results were
recorded in terms of the average diameter of inhibition zone);
SD between parentheses
Irrigants 37?C50?C
Niclor 5
Hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes
NaCl saline solution
0.9 (0.12)
0.6 (0.17)
0.2 (0.07)
0.2 (0.1)
0 (0)
1.37 (0.15)
0.95 (0.21)
0.55 (0.12)
1.75 (0.19)
0 (0)
Table 2. Growth inhibition diameters (mm) of endodontic
irrigants against Streptococcus mutans (the results were
recorded in terms of the average diameter of inhibition zone);
SD between parentheses
Niclor 5
Hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes
NaCl saline solution
1.75 (0.11)
0.45 (0.05)
0.35 (0.08)
0.25 (0.1)
0 (0)
1.9 (0.09)
0.75 (0.18)
0.83 (0.21)
2.15 (0.22)
0 (0)
Poggio et al.
? 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Page 3
with other irrigants, the negative control (0.9% NaCl
saline solution) was ineffective with all the bacterial
strains both at room temperature and after preheating
at 50?C.
The null hypothesis of the present study has been
rejected. Significant differences were found among the
various endodontic irrigants. The result of this study
indicated that different root canal irrigants showed
varying level of effectiveness in the growth inhibition of
the bacterial strains tested.
The antibacterial study on agar disc-diffusion test is a
well-established technique (31, 32). However, the anti-
bacterial property of an endodontic irrigant is directly
related to its ability to diffuse in agar plate. The bacterial
strains chosen for this study were relevant, because
E. faecalis and S. mutans are part of the endodontic
microbiological flora, whereas S. aureus is considered to
be a contaminant and was tested as a reference (10, 24,
25). Brown & Doran (6) showed that hydrogen peroxide
was able to dislodge necrotic tissue and dentin debris
Niclor 5
H2O2 12 vol
0.9% NaCl
Inhibition zone diameter
Fig. 1. Enterococcus faecalis – inhibition zone diameter (mm) of different groups.
Table 3. Growth inhibition diameters (mm) of endodontic
irrigants against Staphylococcus aureus (the results were
recorded in terms of the average diameter of inhibition zone);
SD between parentheses
Irrigants37?C 50?C
Niclor 5
Hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes
NaCl saline solution
1.4 (0.1)
0.4 (0.11)
0.25 (0.09)
0.15 (0.04)
0 (0)
1.65 (0.09)
0.59 (0.11)
0.58 (0.15)
1.5 (0.08)
0 (0)
Niclor 5
H2O2 12 vol
0.9% NaCl
Inhibition zone diameter
Fig. 2. Streptococcus mutans – inhibition zone diameter (mm) of different groups.
Antibacterial activity of endodontic irrigants
? 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Page 4
when used as an endodontic irrigant. It has been
proposed that hydrogen peroxide could be used in
conjunction with sodium hypochlorite (5%) as an
effective irrigation regimen. Ohara et al. (24) demon-
strated a good germicidal ability of hydrogen peroxide.
The results of this study confirmed that hydrogen
peroxide 12 volumes is effective against the growth of
all tested microorganisms. In fact, it showed the highest
zones of inhibition. It was postulated that chlorhexidine
solution might be an effective endodontic irrigant (24),
because of its ability to be absorbed and released by
dental tissues. In this way, it might act as a disinfectant
of the tissues. Ayhan et al.(14) tested a solution of 2.0%
chlorhexidine and reported its effective use as an
endodontic irrigant. A 5.25% sodium hypochlorite has
been recommended as an endodontic irrigant in the
treatment of infected root canals, because of its well-
known bactericidal action. The results of the agar disc-
diffusion tests showed that 5.25% sodium hypochlorite
was an effective agent against the growth of all the tested
microorganisms. Preheating of sodium hypochlorite
resulted in an even greater bactericidal effect. The
bactericidal activity of sodium hypochlorite is because
of the fact that when sodium hypochlorite is added to
water, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), which contains active
chlorine, a strong oxidizing agent, is formed. Substantial
evidences suggest that chlorine exerts its antibacterial
effect by the irreversible oxidation of –SH groups of
essential enzymes, disrupting the metabolic functions of
the bacterial cell (33). Pappen et al. (29) investigated the
antibacterial effect of Tetraclean, MTAD and five
experimental irrigants using both direct exposure test
with planktonic cultures and mixed-species in vitro
biofilm model: Tetraclean was more effective than
MTAD against E. faecalis in planktonic culture and in
mixed-species in vitro biofilm. The results from plank-
tonic killing studies have to be interpretated with
caution, and direct extrapolation to the agents' perfor-
mance in complex in vivo systems is not possible.
However, these tests may be useful for preliminary
screenings of disinfecting agents before proceeding into
more complex experimental designs (29). In the present
study, the antibacterial activity of Tetraclean was most
effective against the three microorganisms used, in
agreement with Pappen et al. (29). For the pathogens
tested, preheating at 50?C increases antibacterial activity
of all tested endodontic irrigants. At 50?C preheated
hydrogen peroxide 12 volumes and Tetraclean showed
highest inhibition of the bacterial growth. At 37?C,
Tetraclean showed the highest inhibition zones than all
the other irrigants tested.
The authors deny any conflicts of interest.
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? 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S


text:
Kukla's Korner Hockey
Fleury At The Top Of His Game
by Paul on 04/10/08 at 07:58 PM ET
Comments (0)
from Scott Burnside of ESPN,
This Penguins team has small galaxy of stars. There is Sidney Crosby, of course, Evgeni Malkin, who finished second in NHL scoring this season, Sergei Gonchar, who will get some consideration for the Norris Trophy as the league's best defenseman, Marian Hossa and Gary Roberts, who had two goals, including the winner, in Game 1.
Although Fleury was the No. 1 pick in the 2003 draft, he has been almost cocooned as he has learned to be an elite player, putting behind him questions about his ability and durability.
"Now he sees the play, he's more mature. He's not surprised with plays or with shots," Penguins coach Michele Therrien said. "There's no doubt, this is the best I've seen from Marc-Andre Fleury the last month and a half."
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Tags: marc-andre+fleury
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Prep Time:
Cook Time:
10 mins
30 mins
This makes a quick weeknight meal. Serve with basmati rice. The success of curry depends on the quality of curry powder that you purchase, I advise to purchase the curry powder in a Indian supermarket and keep it tightly covered in the refrigerator, for this recipe you can adjust the curry powder and cayenne to taste. I use canned drained chick peas in place of green peas but feel free to add in whatever you wish. This tastes even better the next day and the complete recipe may be doubled.
Units: US | Metric
Serving Size: 1 (563 g)
Servings Per Recipe: 4
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