text:
A point-to-multipoint broadband local area network (BLAN) system comprising a local area modem controller (LAMC) and plurality of local area modems (LAMs) is capable of voice, video and data communications. The medium is capable of reliably supporting multiple downstream and upstream channels to meet the need of high-capacity and QoS of digital entertainment. Media-access-control (MAC) functions in the LAMC and the LAMs coordinate packet stream transmissions. The shared medium can be a tree-branch coaxial cable; the LAMs can be legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems or enhanced cable modems with multiple channels; the MAC can be a DOCSIS MAC or an enhanced multi-channel full-service MAC (fsMAC). The physical layer of each channel can be that of DOCSIS, wideband, or other technologies. Residential gateway and wide-area broadband modem functions can also be incorporated into the LAMC. Cable TV programming channels and the BLAN can shared the same cable spectrum.
1. A point-to-multipoint, broadband shared-media local area network (LAN) comprising:
a central controller and one or more end-stations;
wherein said controller transmitting packets to said end-stations in one or more downstream channels, and receiving packets from said end-stations in one or more upstream channels;
wherein a media access control (MAC) function in said controller arbitrates upstream multiple-access packet transmissions, and schedules packet transmissions from upstream and to downstream channels with quality-of-service for voice, video and data communications in said network.
2. The controller of
3. The broadband LAN of
4. The broadband LAN of
5. The broadband LAN of
6. The broadband LAN of
7. The broadband LAN of
8. The channels of
9. A method for sharing the radio-frequency spectrum of Cable TV channels in a broadband shared coaxial local area network (LAN) comprising the steps of:
isolating upstream spectrum used for wide-area cable modem service by a high-pass filter;
identifying one or more downstream Cable TV channels not currently in used;
removing said cable TV channel by one or more tunable notch filters;
inserting LAN-generated downstream channels for said network into said channels removed by said notch filters, by a combiner;
merging LAN-generated upstream channels with said LAN-generated downstream channels by a diplexer, and then being distributed to the broadband LAN coaxial cables by a splitter;
wherein said broadband LAN channels operating simultaneously with remaining cable TV programming channels.
10. A circuit for enabling a local area modem controller (LAMC) to communicate with a local area modem (LAM) in a broadband point-to-multipoint shared media local area network (LAN) comprising:
a media-access-control (MAC) controller coupled to one or more downstream transmitters, and one or more upstream transmitters;
wherein downstream channels from said transmitters being combined with cable TV programming channels and then merging with upstream channels in a diplexer, and then being distributed to a coaxial segment via a splitter to said LAM.
11. The circuit of
12. A circuit for enabling a local area modem (LAM) to communicate with a local area modem controller(LAMC) in a broadband point-to-multipoint shared media local area network (LAN) comprising:
a media-access-control (MAC) controller coupled to one or more downstream transmitters, and one or more upstream transmitters, and a gateway function;
wherein said receivers and said transmitters coupled to a diplexer, which being coupled to said coaxial cable of said broadband LAN network.
13. The circuit of
14. The circuit of
15. A method for a local area modem controller (LAMC) in a coaxial broadband point-to-multipoint shared media local area network (LAN) to communicate with cable modems and LAMs (local area modems) with multiple DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channels comprising the steps of:
1) establishing at least one DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS downstream-upstream channel-pair by broadcasting in each of said downstream channel, periodic SYNC MAC messages; and broadcasting in each of said downstream channel, a periodic UCD and a periodic MAP MAC messages for each of said upstream channels;
2) initializing, ranging and registering said DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems and said multi-channel LAMs using one of said channel-pairs;
3) distributing the downstream and upstream bandwidth to said local area modems by moving said cable modems to one of said specific DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pairs using DCC MAC messages;
4) arbitrating upstream multiple access transmissions according to a DOCSIS MAC function; and
5) scheduling upstream and downstream transmissions according to said DOCSIS MAC;
thereby providing the capacity and quality-of-service for packet streams in said LAN.
16. The method of
17. A method for a local area modem controller (LAMC) in a broadband point-to-multipoint shared media local area network (LAN) to communicate simultaneously with local area DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems and multi-channel LAMs (local area modems) comprising the steps of:
1) establishing time synchronization among a LAMC and LAMs by broadcasting in a downstream-control-and-payload channel (DCPC), a periodic SYNC (time-stamp synchronization) MAC Message;
2) establishing a fsMAC (full-service media-access-control) domain by broadcasting a periodic MDCD (fsMAC Domain Channels Descriptor) MAC message in said DCPC, thereby identifying said fsMAC domain, downstream channels and upstream channels, with channel profiles and burst profiles supported by said LAMC;
3) initializing said upstream receivers using said channel profiles and burst parameters in step (2);
4) calibrating upstream transmitters of said LAMs using MMAP (multi-channel MAP), CREQ (calibration Request), and CRSP (Calibration response) MAC messages;
5) initializing said downstream receivers in said LAMs by said channel profiles;
6) establishing one of said upstream channels as upstream-control-channel (UCC), designated by an indication in said MDCD message, for communicating said MAC messages to said LAMC;
7) registering said LAMs and becoming operational;
8) scheduling packet transmissions in one or more downstream channels simultaneously or sequentially;
9) arbitrating upstream bandwidth requests from one or more said LAMs using bandwidth request (BREQ) MAC message; and scheduling bandwidth grants using said MMAP messages; each of said grants including an amount of bandwidth granted to said LAM to transmit at a specific time, at one of said upstream channels, and with one of said burst profiles.
18. The method of
This application incorporates by reference the teachings of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/122,828 �FULL-SERVICE BROADBAND CABLE MODEM SYSTEM� filed by the same inventor of this application, published Feb. 20, 2003 for details of full-service cable modem (fsCM) systems and full-service media-access-control (fsMAC).
1. Technical Field of the Invention
This invention related to the field of multi-channel point-to-multipoint local area network communications method and apparatus supporting voice, video and data. It generally applies to shared wired-medium such as, but not limited to, coaxial cable.
2. Prior Art
There is an increasing need for a home backbone network with enough capacity and managed quality-of-service to serve multiple high-definition audio-visual streams as well as other voice, music, and data traffic generated by Internet appliances such as personal computers, printers, media servers, MP3 players, high-definition personal video recorders, wireless LAN (local area network) and wireless PAN (personal area network) access points.
Broadband coax medium has the advantages of ubiquity and intrinsic high bandwidth (in Gbps), especially suitable for such a home backbone network, comparing to other �no new wire� media such as wireless, unshielded twisted-pair telephone wires, or power-line.
Broadband point-to-multipoint multiple access networks using coaxial cable as a medium are described in [1 Dahod] U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,989 �DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM� issued to Dahod, [2 Grobicki] U.S. Pat. No. 5,471,474 �COMMUNICATIONS HIGHWAY NETWORK SYSTEM� issued to Grobicki et al., [3 DOCSIS] CM-SP-RFlv2.0-108-050408 �DOCSIS 2.0 SPECIFICATION� available on www.cablemodem.com/downloads/specs/, [4 Terry] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/071,007 �MULTI-BAND COAX EXTENDER FOR IN-BUILDING DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS� filed by Terry et al., [5 Gurantz] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/910,412 �NETWORK INTERFACE DEVICE AND BROADBAND LOCAL AREA NETWORK USING COAXIAL CABLE� filed by Gurantz et al., [6 Morelli] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/852,002 �NETWORKING METHODS AND APPARATUS� filed by Morelli et al., [7 Ophir] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/935,963 �IMPLEMENTING A HYBRID WIRELESS AND COAXIAL CABLE NETWORK� filed by Ophir et al., [8 Robertson] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/924,077 �FULL DUPLEX WIDEBAND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM FOR A LOCAL COAXIAL NETWORK� filed by Robertson et al., [9 Eng] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/122,828 �FULL-SERVICE BROADBAND CABLE MODEM SYSTEM� filed by the same inventor of this invention, and [10 Lind] U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/446,511 �WIDEBAND DOCSIS ON CATV SYSTEMS USING PORT-TRUNKING� filed by Lind et al., each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[1 Dahod][2 Grobicki] [6 Morelli] disclosed the using of a frequency translator at the root of the coaxial cable topology to reflect upstream transmissions to all stations. [5 Gurantz] disclosed a method of using a non-matching filter to reflect upstream transmissions back to all stations. [4 Terry][6 Morelli][7 Ophir] used spectrum above 750 MHz for upstream and downstream channels to avoid conflict with the spectrum used by conventional cable TV programming channels. [7 Ophir] disclosed a way to use coaxial cable to extend the reach of wireless LAN transmission. [8 Robertson] described a coaxial home network that used channels above 750 MHz for full-duplex point-to-point communications between two stations.
[3 DOCSIS] disclosed the data-over-cable standards for a sub-split hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) cable infrastructure with a centralized controller (cable modem termination system, CMTS) residing at the root of the coaxial cable topology with a media-access-control (MAC) for coordinating the forwarding of packets to and from a plurality of cable modems. While [3 DOCSIS] has a robust MAC layer and the intelligence at the headend, and enjoys a consumer level pricing for the large volume of cable modems, it is nevertheless designed for metropolitan area operations for service providers; the CMTS is prohibitively expensive for residential consumer use. Moreover, the MAC is not scalable for providing the capacity for video operations.
[9 Eng] disclosed a multi-channel MAC called fsMAC (full-service MAC) that scales the network capacity of a data-over-HFC network by adding multiple upstream and downstream channels, with a DCPC-UCC (downstream control and payload channel�upstream control channel) control channel-pair for efficient upstream multiple access and high network capacity in both upstream and downstream directions.
[10 Lind] disclosed an enhancement to the DOCSIS MAC for adding wideband downstream and upstream channels to increase the capacity and burst rate of a DOCSIS HFC network.
Using the spectrum above conventional cable TV channels requires changes to the coaxial network. It is not compatible with legacy cable modems and cable set-top boxes (STBs) and increases the complexity and cost to the home networking infrastructure.
Therefore there is a need for an improved, reliable, high-capacity and low-cost broadband local area networking backbone for homes and premises to address the shortcomings of the prior art. It is desirable to take advantages of the legacy cable modem technology while providing the capacity and quality-of-service (QoS) required by multimedia communications of voice, video and data within the premises at consumer-level price.
According to the teachings of the present invention, a point-to-multipoint broadband local area network (BLAN) system comprising a shared medium, a local area modem controller (LAMC) located at the root of the medium topology, and one or more in-building local area modems (LAMs) is capable of voice, video and data communications. The medium is capable of reliably supporting multiple downstream and upstream channels for the high-capacity need of digital entertainment such as multiple high-definition television audio-visual packet streams. Media-access-control (MAC) functions in the LAMC and the LAMs coordinate the packet stream transmissions to meet the quality-of-service requirements of multimedia communications. The physical layer (PHY) of each of the channels can be the PHY of DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS, wide-band, ultra-wideband, OFDM, SDM or other technologies.
Other networking functions such as residential gateway (RG) can also be incorporated into the LAMC or provided externally. High-speed Internet access via a broadband modem including wide-area HFC cable modem, DSL modem, Fiber-to-the-Premises (FTTP) modem, two-way satellite modem, and fixed wireless modem, can be coupled to the LAMS via the external or internal RG.
The shared medium can be a tree-branch in-premises coaxial cable. The LAMs can be legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems. The MAC implements the minimum functionality of a legacy DOCSIS MAC and other DOCSIS functionalities to initialize and register the DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems. LAMs with multiple DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channels can be accommodated by enhancing the MAC with multi-channel features of a full-service MAC (fsMAC). Cable TV programming channels and the BLAN can shared the same cable spectrum.
In its simplest form, each LAM has an Ethernet or USB outlet for interfacing to in-room Internet appliances or other CPE (customer premises equipment) devices. More advanced versions of the LAMs have other CPEs embedded.
The QoS required by different applications such as voice, video and data can be easily accommodated by the LAMC because all transmissions to and from the LAMs are controlled and allocated by the LAMC according to the QoS needs of the applications. The capacity can be expanded according to need by adding the number of channels, limited only by the spectrum availability and cost of implementation.
In accordance with still another further aspect of the present invention, if backward compatibility with legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems is not required, further simplification of the LAMC and LAMs are possible to reduce the cost and streamline the initialization and registration process. Furthermore, downstream channels can also be located beyond the DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS frequency range for coexistence with conventional cable TV programming channels.
The wide-area HFC cable modem and RG functionalities can be embedded into the LAMC so that the HFC cable modem downstream channels can be easily identified and be reused by the BLAN. Alternatively the LAMC downstream channels can be allocated by the cable operator, thus avoiding conflict with cable TV programming channels. The upstream spectrum is isolated by the wideband HFC cable modem and thus can be reused by the local area modems (LAMs).
To preserve the cable TV programming channels, downstream channels identified to be used for the BLAN are filtered out before combining with the LAMC-generated downstream channels and the LAMs-generated upstream channels.
Although this invention is described herein in terms of a coaxial cable medium, any other shared medium with point-to-multipoint topology in a local area environment such as wireless, power-line, or passive optical fiber can be benefited by the teachings of this invention.
Referring to
The broadband modem 10 is typically connected to a Residential Gateway (RG) 15, which is in turn connected to a coaxial cable broadband local area backbone network 1000.
The exemplary home backbone network 1000 comprises of a local area modem controller (LAMC) 100 and coaxial cable segments 180, 181, 182, and 186. The cable 186 is further split into cable segments 183 and 184 through a splitter 187. Each of the cable segments 180, 181, 182, 183, and 184 is respectively connected to a local area modem (LAM) 142, 144, 146, 148, and 149 in each room (in this example, there are five rooms in the premises being networked). Each LAM 142 has at least an Ethernet interface available for interfacing to the Internet appliances or customer premises equipment (CPEs) in the room.
In another embodiment, the broadband modem 10, and/or RG can be embedded into the LAMC 100 (shown as block 2000 in
Preferred Embodiment of Home Backbone with Cable TV and Cable Broadband Provider
Referring to
The legacy coax 104 is further divided by splitter 151 to support legacy devices such as a legacy set-top box 152 and a legacy analog TV 154. The coax path 104 is used to ensure full backward compatibility of existing legacy devices and no home network support is needed in that area of the premises. The coax path 104 is not essential to the operation of this broadband local area network, but is included for clarity and completeness.
The coax path 107 is connected to a conventional wide-area HFC DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modem 10, which is further connected to a residential gateway (RG) 15 via a network interface 12 such as an Ethernet CAT-5 cable or USB. The RG 110 performs packet filtering, NAT address translation, firewall, and other security and routing/bridging functions; and forwards the packets to and from the home backbone network 1000, via a network cable 115, to a network interface 120 coupled to a media-access-control (MAC) function 122.
The MAC 122 coordinates the forwarding of packets between multi-channel transmitter(s) 140 and multi-channel receiver(s) 130. The MAC 122 also arbitrates upstream multiple-access packet transmissions from two or more of the local access cable modems (LAMs) 142, 144, 146, 148 and 149; and schedules packet transmissions downstream and upstream to achieve the quality of service required by applications.
The MAC 122 can be implemented with both digital logic hardware, and/or software programs under the control of one or more microprocessors 102.
Each of the channels of the multi-channel transmitter(s) 140 and receiver(s) 130 can be, but not limited to, one of the following types:
These physical layer technologies are well-known in the art and will not be repeated here.
One skill in the art will use various combinations of the number of channels and modulation types to optimize for Silicon cost, spectral efficiency and performance. In one example, a broadband LAN with two DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS downstream and two upstream channels provides about 80 Mbps/60 Mbps in the downstream and upstream directions respectively, sufficient for most full-service multimedia audio-visual streaming, voice and data communications within a digital home.
Depending on the advance of Silicon and DSP technology, the LAMC 100 can be scaled with many channels up to the entire upstream and downstream spectrum available for the broadband home network.
Downstream Channels Insertion
Since the downstream spectrum of a conventional HFC network is occupied by cable TV video programming channels and DOCSIS/EuroDOCSIS channels, and the upstream spectrum of a conventional sub-split HFC plant is occupied by DOCSIS/EuroDOCSIS upstream channels (and perhaps other reverse channels for applications such as plant monitoring and legacy pay-per-view), occupied channels must be freed up for use in the home backbone network.
Channels can be made available (but not limited to) by one of the following methods:
Still referring to
The output of the notch filter(s) 163 merges with the output from one or more transmitters 140 via path 141, using a combiner 166. The combined downstream signal is then amplified by RF amplifier 168, and merged via path 170 with upstream receiver(s) path 132 in diplexer 134.
The output of the diplexer 134 is distributed to the rest of the premises via splitter 140 to F-connectors 600, 601, 602, and 606, which are connected to the in-premises coaxial cable segments (typically RG 59) 180, 181, 182, and 186 respectively. Each cable segment typically has a length of up to 250 to 300 feet and each cable segment is typically terminated by a conventional F-type connector in a wall outlet (not shown).
Each cable segment is coupled to a LAM for home networking operation. However, the cable segment can also be connected to a legacy set-top box or an analog TV.
Preferred Embodiment of the Local Area Modem (LAM)
There are typically three types of LAMs:
Referring to
One path 104 goes to output F-connector 262 for connection to an external legacy cable-ready device such as analog TV, legacy digital or analog set-top box 263.
The other path from the splitter 202 is coupled to a diplex filter 204, which separates downstream spectrum from upstream spectrum.
The downstream channels are coupled to multi-channel receiver(s) 206 that are tuned to the matching transmitter(s) 140, for demodulation, decoding, error correction and formatting and other physical layer processing to recover packets transmitted. The packets are then forwarded to MAC 210 for further processing.
Packets destined to the LAMC 100 are forwarded by the MAC 210 to multi-channel upstream transmitter(s) 208, and are merged with the downstream RF in the diplex filter 204. The transmitter(s) 208 performs formatting, encoding, modulation, up-conversion and other processing for transmitting to the matching receiver(s) 130 in the LAMC 100.
The MAC 210 can be implemented using one or more microprocessors 222 with control programs and other hardware to perform media access control (MAC) functions. The MAC 210 forwards packets, through a gateway function 220, to and from embedded network functions 230, 244, 246, 240 and 242, or CPE devices such as VoIP phone adapter 248, or remote control receiver 250.
Note that in its simplest form, the LAM is implemented with at least one network interface such as the Ethernet interface 230. Other embedded functions are implemented as required. The exemplary embedded network functions and CPEs in
The gateway 220 performs functions such as bridging, switching, routing, and filtering among the external network interface devices and the home backbone network. The gateway functions can be implemented in a separate microprocessor or in the microprocessor 222.
Exemplary Channel Plan for the Broadband Local Area Backbone Network
Referring to
The test point B shows the downstream spectrum after removing the upstream channels via the high-pass filter 161; and removing the wide-area HFC DOCSIS downstream channel 304, and removing another downstream channel 303 in the DOCSIS downstream frequency band 301 using the notch filters 163. The notched-out channels 303 and 304 will be used by the broadband LAN.
The test point C is the spectrum showing the LAMC 100-generated DOCSIS downstream channels 322 and 320, a wideband downstream channel 306, and an ultra-wideband (UWB) downstream channel 350. Note that UWB channel can span to frequencies beyond 1 GHz but can coexist with the carrier-based channels.
The test point D is the spectrum showing the LAM-generated DOCSIS or upstream channels 331 and 332, a wideband channel 334, and an ultra-wideband upstream channel 341.
The test point E shows the combined downstream spectrum with the LAMC 100-generated downstream channels 322, 320, 306 and 350, the cable TV programming channels bands 301 and 302, and the Satellite channels band 306.
Finally the test point F shows the combined spectrum with the LAMC 100-generated downstream channels 322, 320, 306 and 350, the LAMs-generated upstream channels 331, 332, 334 and 341, the cable TV programming channels bands 301 and 302, and the Satellite channels band 306. This is the spectrum that each of the LAMs sees at its RF interface to the local area coaxial network.
Coexistence of LAMs with Various Multi-Channel Capabilities
The LAM 144 is a conventional DOCSIS cable modem that is tuned to the DOCSIS channels 322 and 332.
The LAM 142 is capable of supporting an additional DOCSIS channel-pair 320 and 331, in additional to the DOCSIS channel-pair 322 and 332.
The LAM 148 is tuned to the ultra-wideband downstream channel 350 to provided extra throughput for fast download applications, in additional to the DOCSIS channel-pair 322 and 332.
LAM 146 is tuned to the ultra-wideband downstream channel 350, and is tuned to transmit in the additional upstream channel 334, in additional to the DOCSIS S channel-pair 322 and 332, providing ultra-high speed in both the downstream and upstream directions.
LAM 149 is tuned to the ultra-wideband downstream channel 350, the wideband downstream channel 306, and is tuned to transmit in the additional upstream channel 334 and the upstream ultra-wideband channel 341, in additional to the DOCSIS channel-pair 322 and 332, providing ultra-high speed in both the downstream and upstream directions.
Note that the configuration shown in
Multi-Channel Point-to-Multipoint MAC Protocol Operation
The LAMC can implement minimal DOCSIS functionality to accommodate legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems with a single upstream and a single downstream channel. Additional functionality beyond DOCSIS needs to be added to accommodate LAMs with additional DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channels, wideband channels, UWB channels or channels with other physical layer technologies. There are many combinations and here are three exemplary scenarios:
A) A LAMC with a single DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pair and LAMs being legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems. Upon power-up or reset, the LAMC establishes a DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pair and register all legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS LAMs using the procedure as described in reference [3 DOCSIS]. The LAMC must implement the necessary protocols such as DHCP server, TOD server, TFTP server and a valid DOCSIS cable modem Configuration File in order to register the DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modem before operational. The LAMC in this scenario will implement a subset of the DOCSIS MAC and other CMTS functionalities.
B) LAMC with multiple DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pairs and LAMs being legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems. Each legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modem will initialize, range, and register on a DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pair. The LAMC can distribute the load by moving the LAMs to different DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pairs using DCC (dynamic channel change) protocol. In this scenario, the LAMC will implement a subset of the DOCSIS MAC and other CMTS functionalities. A typical LAMC startup sequence is as follows:
C) LAMC and LAMs supporting multiple channels of DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS and non-DOCSIS physical layer types. The channels can be a mix of DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channels, wideband channels, ultra-wideband channels, OFCM channels, and, but not limited to, SDM channels. The preferred embodiment is to use the fsMAC technology described in reference [9 Eng]. A typical startup sequence from the LAMC perspective is as follows:
If there is a mix of legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS cable modems and multi-channel LAMs, a designated DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS channel-pair can be used to register all modems and served as DCPC and UCC channel-pair for MAC messages.
The initialization can be simplified if legacy DOCSIS or EuroDOCSIS CM supported is not needed. A simpler layer-2 forwarding model can be used in the home backbone network. Provisioning servers such as DHCP, TFTP, TOD, and configuration files may be replaced by a simplified provisioning method.
Alternatively, other point-to-multi-points MAC protocols similar to DOCSIS or fsMAC can be modified to use in the broadband local area network. Examples are: IEEE 802.16 fixed wireless protocol and IEEE 802.3ah Multi-Point Control Protocol.
Although the invention has been disclosed in terms of the preferred and alternative embodiments disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate possible alternative embodiments and other modifications to the teachings disclosed herein which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such alternative embodiments and other modifications are intended to be included with the scope of the claims append hereto.
Referenced by
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"Ecce homo qui est faba" translation:Mr. Bean (1990-1995) is an incredibly well-loved British comedy by writer Richard Curtis and writer-star Rowan Atkinson.The show is about a very odd man about whom we know nothing except his last name, who basically wanders around, getting into trouble, finding unique solutions to predicaments, and both wittingly and unwittingly causing mayhem. Mr. Bean is perhaps the ultimate example of No Social Skills. Not only does he seem to be unfamiliar with all social conventions and standard methods for doing anything, he never even demonstrates normal human thought processes — witness his strategy for protecting his furniture and possessions when painting his flat, which is to wrap every single item in newspaper right down to individual grapes, not to mention that his method of painting the flat includes a stick of dynamite.Considering the mixture of stupidity and inspiration in his way of doing things, Mr. Bean may have inspired the aphorism, "Nothing can be made foolproof because fools are so ingenious".All the humor is visual, to the point that the character says perhaps a couple dozen words throughout the entire run of the series. Pretty much every plot is based around how Mr. Bean handles an everyday situation, such as going to a department store, going to church, sitting for an exam, etc. In essence, it was a Sketch Show in disguise, especially considering the way that the "plot" was only maintained throughout a few of the episodes. Because of its largely visual and disconnected nature, it is still Rowan Atkinson's most lucrative and recognized work, mainly because airlines bought it to avoid having to do translations, which means it is big pretty much everywhere.It was followed by an animated series version, which was obviously less well-received by the fans, as Mr. Bean's charm is that he is an actual person doing embarrassing things for real.There are two film adaptations, Bean (1997) and Mr. Bean's Holiday (2007).In 2006, the Mythbusters tried to reproduce Mr. Bean's "dynamite in a paint bucket" method of painting his flat, with no luck.Speaking greatly to the popularity of the character, Mr. Bean was part of the opening ceremony of the 2012 Olympic Games in London, via a skit in which he's part of the orchestra playing the theme from Chariots of Fire. That turned out to be Mr. Bean's farewell, as Atkinson said in November 2012 that he was retiring the character, citing among other reasons the problem of playing a childlike man as he continues to age.However, in October 2014, the character returned in an ad for the chocolate bar "Snickers" as part of their "You're Not You When You're Hungry" campaign, where he plays the alter-ego of a Chinese assassin and blunders across rooftops, making a complete ass of himself... until he's told to "eat his Snickers" and reverts to assassin mode. Watch it here.Not to Be Confused with Mr. Bean the Postman from The Comic Strip Presents: Dirty Movie.
— The theme song lyrics
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We are currently scheduling interviews for an Outpatient Physical Therapist position in a Orthopedic and Neurologic care setting, located in Greenville, SC. The Healthcare System is a 90 bed hospital affiliated with a large health system.
Health Insurance with ...
Patient Care Techs/Dialysis Dept - $20/hr-short assignment
Huffmaster Companies is recruiting experienced Patient Care Techs for the Dialysis Department t to work during a labor dispute at an Acute Care facility in Rhode Island. The union contract is set to expire at the end of December so the strike could occur at the end of ...
Regional Business Development Representative
Sterling Healthcare Services is a multi-site, industry-leading laboratory that offers a consolidated approach to toxicology by providing information through blood, urine, oral fluid, and hair analysis. We combine connectivity solutions and office protocols that allow our ...
Patient Care Techs/Emergency Dept - $20/hr-short travel assign. to RI
Huffmaster Companies is recruiting experienced Patient Care Techs for the Emergency Department to work during a labor dispute at an Acute Care facility in Rhode Island. The union contract is set to expire at the end of December so the strike could occur at the end of ...
Clinical Chart Abstractor - Nurse (Remote - Work from Home)
Indegene TTM, Inc. currently has a remote (Work from Home) opportunity for an experienced nurse to perform chart reviews. Paid training and mileage reimbursement.
Job Responsibilities:
Gather data from patient charts and record results via data collection tool
Familiar ...
Nov 21 -
General Dentist practice for sale, NE Atlanta area
We have a state of the art general dentist practice with phenomenal growth potential. Mostly Medicaid patients, priced to sell, with high return for investment.
Call or email Rick for more information and location of practice.
Bilingual (Vietnamese) Nurses, Medical Assistants and Phlebotomists
*Please note: This is not a full-time position. It is per-diem contract work*
Summit Health is looking for Nurses, Medical Assistant, Phlebotomists and other Healthcare Professionals who speak fluent Vietnamese and are interested in working as Independent Contractors on Per ...
Nov 21 -
Lithia Springs
Director, Emergency Services
Director, Emergency Services
300 bed hospital
26 bed ED with fast track and InQuickER
44,000 visits/year, not designated trauma center
Supervises 60+ FTEs
Reports to CNO
RN with ER clinical background
Minimum 2-5 years management experience
BSN required, Masters degree or ...
Registered Nurse Opportunities
Registered Nurse Opportunities
ER RN DAYS $40/hr ER RN 7:30-8AM to include every other weekend
MED SURG/Mental Health $33/hr RN for primary care at Clinic with mental health exp. Mon- Fri 7:30AM-4PM or 8AM-4:30PM
ER RN Nights $40/hr MN to 8am to include every other ...
RNs and LPNs Needed in Athens, Comer, Colbert, Hull Areas
Currently Seeking Experienced PRN RNs and LPNs For Home Health Care in Athens, Comer, Colbert and Hull Areas
We are a rapidly growing home health company ready to hire confident, reliable, and loving RNs and LPNs to care for our elderly and disabled clients in their homes. ...
Ultrasound Vascular Technologist / Sonographer, RVT/RVS
USA Vein Clinics are currently seeking an experienced Ultrasound Technologist/Vascular Sonographer for the company's clinics in Atlanta, GA.
* Certificate of Completion from an accredited Ultrasound program
* Registered Vascular Technologist (RVT / RVS) is ...
MEDICAL ASSISTANT, Spanish Speaking Preferred
Nationwide chain of medical clinics specializing in Endovenous laser therapy is seeking bright and energetic full-time or part time Medical Assistant to join our growing team. Previous medical experience and is necessary to be considered for this job. Ability to speak ...
MEDICAL ASSISTANT, Russian Speaking Preferred
Travel Registered Nurse RN, $1,500 Bonus
~~We are currently looking for experienced RN's / Registered Nurses of all specialties to help fill our openings!
Travel Registered Nurse:
Hospital (Acute Care) Experience required within the last 2 years
It's true—there is a job that enables you to travel the country in a ...
Nurse Practitioner - Outpatient - Part time - Buckhead, GA
A Nurse Practitioner is needed for a beautiful new Health and Wellness Clinic located in Buckhead, GA. The clinic offers a wide range of cosmetic, anti-aging, skin care, hormone replacement therapy, and weight loss services. The ideal candidate should be hardworking, ...
Nov 21 -


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Izziwotnot White Gift Luxury Cot/Cot Bed 5 Pc Bale
(On Ciao since: 11/2009)
User reviews
Beauty > Make-up > Eye Make-up
TIGI Bed Head Wigged Out Mascara
(+) Nice texture and packaging, two colours to pick from, staying power and waterproof. (-) Did not curl, lengthen or thicken my lashes. (*) (On Ciao since: 12/2009)
User reviews
Tigi BedHead Cosmetics Big Fat Fun Eyeliner
Eye Make-up -Eye Liner (On Ciao since: 07/2008)
User reviews
Red Kite Cosi Cot 4 Piece Bedding Bale Beep Beep
(+) Looks Gorgeous & it's comfortable & soft (-) The Cot Bumper isn't very thick (*) (On Ciao since: 11/2009)
Tigi BedHead Cosmetics Cyberoptics Pigment Packed Eyeshadow
Eye Make-up -Eye Shadow (On Ciao since: 07/2008)
Izziwotnot ABC Safari Cot/Cot Bed Fleece Blanket
Izziwotnot Humphrey's Lottie Fairy Princess Cot/Cot Bed Bumper
(*) Reviews by Ciao members
Offers »
DAXI bunk beds, blue
DAXI bunk beds, blue
DAXI bunk beds DAXI bunk beds offer 2 comfortable sleeping areas for a guaranteed night's rest. Dimensions: 2425*1110*1840mm Colour: blue and white Lattice...... more
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Bunk bed
DAXI bunk beds, rose
DAXI bunk beds, rose
DAXI bunk beds DAXI bunk beds offer 2 comfortable sleeping areas for a guaranteed night's rest. Dimensions: 2425*1110*1840mm Colour: rose and white Lattice...... more
Unmade Beds [DVD]
Unmade Beds [DVD]
United Kingdom released, PAL/Region 2 DVD: LANGUAGES: English ( Dolby Digital Stereo ), WIDESCREEN (1.78:1), SPECIAL FEATURES: Cast/Crew Interview(s),...... more
Unmade Beds - Guthrie Kennard
Unmade Beds - Guthrie Kennard
Release Date: 2009-01-01, Audio CD, CD Baby
Gautier ZOOM Bunk Beds
Gautier ZOOM Bunk Beds
White and Grey finish Simple and Modern design Eco-friendly particleboard Partial self-assembly, 2 people required Dimensions: 205 x 181 x 96 centimetres
Home & Garden/Home & Garden/Kitchen & Home/Categories/Homeware & Furniture/Furniture/Bedroom Furniture/Beds, Frames & Bases
Rearrange Beds - An Horse
Rearrange Beds - An Horse
Release Date: 2009-03-17, Audio CD, Mom & Pop Music
Country Sleep - Night Beds
Country Sleep - Night Beds
Release Date: 2013-02-04, Audio CD, Dead Oceans
Country Sleep [VINYL] - Night Beds
Country Sleep [VINYL] - Night Beds
Release Date: 2013-02-04, Vinyl, Dead Oceans
How To Create Attractive Borders And Beds [DVD]
How To Create Attractive Borders And Beds [DVD]
Twin Beds - The Rosie Taylor Project
Twin Beds - The Rosie Taylor Project
Release Date: 2012-02-13, Audio CD, Odd Box Records
Raised bed
Raised bed
Raised beds drain well, warm earlier and are ideal for gardeners with otherwise poor soil or limited space. These 1m square beds are perfect for raising...... more
CHARLIE bed
CHARLIE bed
CHARLIE bed Colour: white / dark blue Available bedding dimensions: 120* 200 cm Guarantee: 1 year 2 m *
Airsprung Beds Airsprung Memory Foam Rolled Mattress
Airsprung Beds Airsprung Memory Foam Rolled Mattress
Relax and sink into this Memory Foam Rolled Mattress from Airsprung Beds. A layer of memory foam moulds to the contours of your body supporting you for a more...... more
Marcel Wanders Rose Beds
Marcel Wanders Rose Beds
Real flock wallpaper by iconic dutch designer Marcel Wanders. Each roll 52 cm wide and 10 m long. Please note: Unused rolls can be returned if they remain...... more
(*) Reviews by Ciao members
Show all results
Gentle eye make up remover
Advantages: removes eyemake up
Disadvantages: not moisturising
...Garnier eye make up remover
I have no allegiance to any make up and skin care products and picked this up in Boots when I needed eye make up remover and when there was a 3 for 2 offer.
This promises to be a gentle eye make up remover which will apparently remove even water proof make up. It has been opthalmologically tested and is suitable even for sensitive eyes. all good stuff...
17.11.2014 22:07 ·
Read review
Ciao members have rated this review on average helpful
Review of Garnier Fresh Essentials Eye Make-up Remover
The Body Shop Camomile Eye Make Up Remover
Advantages: Ethical company, natural ingredients, good price, lasts ages, removes make up easily
Disadvantages: Stings my eyes
...Recently I have been to a never ending stream of Body Shop parties, and have ended up with quite an impressive collection of Body Shop products. I have my favourites and I have some that I?m not so keen on, but this is one of the products that I can?t quite make my mind up on.
Eye make-up removers as a whole seem to be pretty standard to me, with a large proportion of the product made from...
27.08.2014 10:57 ·
Read review
Ciao members have rated this review on average helpful
Review of The Body Shop Camomile Eye Make-up Remover
Kleenex Eye Make-Up Removal Wipes
Advantages: Kind to the skin around your eyes, and effective at removing most eye make-up
Disadvantages: Does not remove waterproof mascara, and I don't like the texture
...Environmentally friendly, but I still don't love them - Kleenex Eye Make-Up Removal Wipes
A little while ago, I decided to buy a packet of Kleenex Facial Cleansing Wipes after reading some positive reviews. While I was in Superdrug, I saw that Kleenex also make removal wipes especially designed for the eyes - and that these wipes claim to remove waterproof mascara. As I was about to go...
15.07.2013 08:14 ·
Read review
Ciao members have rated this review on average very helpful
Review of Kleenex Eye Make-Up Removal Wipes
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Macklemore is known to be a true sneakerhead, and his love for the Jordan Brand has been well-documented through interviews and his music. Today, the ...Read More
Hall of Fame, ICNY, Hieroglyphics And Marshawn Lynch's Beastmode Link Up For Limited Collection
With the start of the NFL season this Thursday, Super Bowl champion Marshawn Lynch and his clothing brand appropriately titled Beastmode will collaborate with ...Read More
Shawn Kemp Is A Fan Of Drake's "0-100″ And Gives His Prediction On Carmelo Anthony's Decision
Shawn Kemp recently attended the Reebok Classic Breakout Camp at Philadelphia University and spoke to over a hundred of the best high school basketball ...Read More
Action Bronson Throws A Fan Off Stage
It's pretty clear that Action Bronson does not like anyone jumping on stage while he's performing. During a show stop in Seattle for his Blue Chips ...Read More
Avatar Darko "Kalashnikov Pt. 2″ (Video)
When we included Avatar Darko in our list of Seattle rappers you need to know, it was partially because of his great music, and partially because ...Read More
The New New: 15 Seattle Rappers You Should Know
After being one of the lesser-known faces of XXL's 2012 Freshmen Class, Seattle native Macklemore and his partner Ryan Lewis have had the best year ...Read More
Macklemore and Seattle Rap Scene Documented on "The Otherside"
Aside from Sir Mix-a-Lot's national anthem alluded to the natural beauty of big buttocks, Seattle hasn't had a major influence on the hip-hop sphere. Following ...Read More
Blue Scholars Break Down Cinemetropolis
Find out everything you need to know about the Seattle duo's latest project. ...Read More
Freeway Preps New Jake One Produced Album, "What We Do" DVD
Philadelphia rapper Freeway has announced his plans to release a new album produced entirely by frequent G-Unit producer Jake One. On a short video clip posted ...Read More
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Featured Artist
Ritu - Sterling silver jewelry
"Slowly my husband encouraged to me create some jewelry… thus I started on my journey. I am greatly influenced by the ancient designs and I bring them to my work."
"I grew up here and had a lot of fun. The vibrant and architectural beauty of the city is a sight to enjoy. I remember spending our weekend time in the park and strolling around the monuments. This always took us to the ancient era of kings and queens.
"Though I have always been fascinated by the art of jewelry, I never got to actually be in the field until I got married. Many people in Jaipur have a long lineage in crafts and trade, which has been handed down from generation to generation. And my husband is one of them. His family has worked in the design and crafting of jewelry for many years and, when I married him, I was exposed to its vast and enigmatic beauty. I would spend endless time watching them work. It was a delight to see.
"Slowly my husband encouraged to me create some jewelry… thus I started on my journey. I am greatly influenced by the ancient designs and I bring them to my work. I also work on contemporary themes.
"It has definitely been a long journey for me. I know I have a long way to go and I need your support. I want to invite you to my small world to see and appreciate my collections."
Love this artist's products? View more
POPULAR Garnet Solitaire Rings
Garnet solitaire ring, 'Circle of Love'
Forming a circle like endless love, garnet sparkles with fiery beauty. Alok Jain presents an exquisite solitaire ring, crafted of sterling silver. It showcases a 1-carat gemstone.
.925 Sterling silver
Diamond accent garnet solitaire ring, 'Scarlet Sparkle'
A square cut garnet sparkles in its sterling settings. Flanked by six diminutive diamonds, the scarlet gemstone centers this ring designed by Siddharth. The gemstones total some 3.1 carats.
.925 Sterling silver
Garnet solitaire ring, 'Delhi Crown'
Set in sterling silver, a sparkling garnet totals 2 carats. Alok Jain presents a classic solitaire ring with a modern flair. Called the 'stone of purity and truth,' garnet symbolizes love and compassion.
.925 Sterling silver
Garnet and marcasite solitaire ring, 'Forever Love
Symbol of passion and love, a faceted 2-carat garnet, the birthstone of January, centers a silver band set with sparkling marcasite. This elegant ring by Narinee is lovingly handcrafted in Thailand of sterling silver.
.925 Sterling silver
COLLECTIONS FEATURING Garnet Solitaire Rings
This item qualifies for FREE SHIPPING!
- Only valid on the Normal shipping option for shipments to 48 Lower US states.
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This item ships with a free artist storycard, so you can remember who you impacted today. Customized gift messages are also available with every order.
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This item is available for backorder and will ship within 2 to 8 weeks. Artists love to get backorders. Placing a backorder ensures that the artisan will do their best to create and deliver your item to our local office for shipment.
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November 24, 2014
MILWAUKEE, WI (WIFR) -- The commander and chief made a stop in Milwaukee to talk about one in a series of new economic proposals he will pitch this week.
They include new incentives to spur research and development and to help small businesses hire more workers.
Today's big announcement was his plan for getting Americans back to work. He unveiled a $50 billion dollar plan to spruce up the country's roads, railways and airport runways.
"Over the next six years, we are going to rebuild 150,000 thousand mile of our roads. That's enough to circle the world six times. That's a lot of road. We're going to lay and maintain 4,000 miles of our railways, enough to stretch coast to coast." said President Obama.
The President moves on to Cleveland on Wednesday to talk about tax credits for businesses.
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Hanoi, Vietnam
1A Nghi Tam Street, Tay Ho, Hanoi, Vietnam – Show map
|Room Type
|King Bed Deluxe Panoramic View Room
|Club InterContinental Room
|Superior Room
|Twin Bed Overwater Pavilion Room
|King Presidential Suite
|Twin Bed Overwater Panoramic View Room
|King Bed Overwater Pavilion Room
|King Bed Superior Room
|King Bed Grand Westlake Suite
|Twin Bed Superior Room
|King Bed Overwater Panoramic View Room
|Twin Bed Deluxe Panoramic View Room
|Deluxe Double or Twin Room
|King Bed Lotus Suite
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No booking fees • Save money! Best price guarantee — enter dates to see these prices!
578 properties in Hanoi
Including hotels, apartments, villas and more.
304 verified reviews
We verify all reviews from guests who have stayed at InterContinental Hanoi Westlake. Find out more.
They speak your language!
InterContinental Hanoi Westlake's staff speaks: Vietnamese, English
Booking is safe
When you book with us your details are protected by a secure connection.
Outdoor Pool (seasonal), Grounds
Sauna, Fitness Center, Massage, Hot Tub
Food & Drink
Restaurant, Bar, Breakfast in the Room, Restaurant with Dining Menu, Buffet-Style Restaurant, Special Diet Meals (upon request)
WiFi is available in public areas and is free of charge.
WiFi is available in the hotel rooms and costs USD 11 per 24 hours.
Free private parking is available on site (reservation is not needed).
Room Service, Car Rental, Airport Shuttle (surcharge), 24-Hour Front Desk, Express Check-in/Check-out, Currency Exchange, Tour Desk, Ticket Service, Baggage Storage, ATM on site, Concierge Service, Laundry, Dry Cleaning, Ironing Service, Shoeshine, Daily Housekeeping, Meeting/Banquet Facilities, Business Center, Fax/Photocopying, VIP Room Facilities
Newspapers, Safe, Non-smoking Rooms, Facilities for Disabled Guests, Family Rooms, Elevator, Heating, All Spaces Non-Smoking (public and private), Designated Smoking Area
Vietnamese, English
From 2:00 PM
Until 12:00 PM
Cancellation and prepayment policies vary according to room type. Please enter the dates of your stay and check what conditions apply to your preferred room.
Children and Extra Beds
All children are welcome.
One child under 12 years stays free of charge when using existing beds.
One older child or adult is charged USD 46 per person per night in an extra bed.
The maximum number of extra beds in a room is 1.
Additional fees are not calculated automatically in the total cost and will have to be paid for separately during your stay.
Pets are not allowed.
Cards accepted at this property
Hover over the cards for more info.
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Sofitel Legend Metropole HanoiA historic luxury landmark since 1901, Sofitel Legend Metropole offers pampering spa services, 24-hour room service and a heated swimming pool. It is located in central Hanoi, near the Old Quarter.
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Breakfast, location, view,....
Views from overwater room Pillows Breakfast in room service Rooms Wifi
Pool was a bit small for horel of this size. Lacked a little atmosphere
the settting of the place - lake
the bed was uncomfortable, the carpet was worn down, value for money was low. we were up sold at check in because my friends did not fully understand the staff.
Lakeside location, waking up to a view of the lake. Room was regular 5* standard. Breakfast was good with much variety.
Could have done with more storage space in our room.
The area was safe and quait.
Shoppung mall was small and limeted.
The service, food, facilities and view was excellent.
outside bar with views over lake rooms with views over lake Club facilities
pool a bit small the "overwater" rooms dont have lake view - our first room had an uninteresting view of residential housing, but after complaining they kindly upgraded us.
The Sunset Bar has a perfect layout and staff are extremely polit e and correct! The service of female staff at the diplomatic Lounge is excellent. They are attentive but discrety ad. extremelu polite.
The overpriced buffet dinner at the Main Restaurant that also serves breakfast. it would be helpful if the price be more noticeable at the entrance!!!
I was detained in Singapore for two nights . I contacted hotel giving them 24 hours notice. No refund only suggest you could use your reservation up till end Dec 2014.Not good enough
lake view, continuous hot water, refined room, comfortable room, walking trail, delicious breakfast
too many mosquitos.
Great service from the staff! Wonderful views and the bed really comfortable
Needs improvement on the food quality and selection
Nice pool, very good breakfasts, the island bar was awesome the club lounge was great a very happy stay
The showerhead on full kept rotating up and washing the door not me. The ironing board would not stay up
Friendliness of staff Quality of food Cleanliness Location
The location and views are terrific. This along with the very friendly and helpful staff made it a great place to stay in Hanoi!
Nothing at all!
Serenity of the place as it is slightly away from the shopping area therefore you can have a peaceful space, all day long. Staffs are really helpful for my pre arrival and during my stay. Facilities and well serviced and available.
The deluxe room balcony does not have light, hope the hotel can fix a tiny lamp that could be lighted at night.
Extremely friendly staff, nice setting of the hotel-complex, sumptuous buffet breakfast, well equipped room and bathroom.
Rooms for a int'l 5-star hotel a bit small.
Customer service was excellent with staff going the extra mile to locate and retrieve a bag left in a taxi - outstanding effort. The location was very picturesque with good local restaurants a short taxi ride away. Rooms were large and well appointed, the extra touch of fresh flowers in the rooms topped off our stay.
Very good 5 star hotel with much more better staff!!! The manage of this place must be a very good one! Everything works perfectly, the breakfast is very good! The Pool very clean and in a nice place! We had a nice time there!!! We are coming back
the location. it was very quite relaxing place after busy crowd Hanoi trip. room was clean, big and comfortable.
the staff were horrible. a receptionist was argumentative and she put us into a cheaper room than what we paid for. I believe she did intentionally. generally the female staff were not kind and arrogant through the whole hotel except room cleaners.
Rooms, restaurants, bars, lobby, pool and facilities.
A bit far out of the city so you always need a taxi to town (though they are very cheap).
Excellent location-beautifull view on the lake.
The pool is quite bigger than the other hotels in Hanoi. My children love it very much. Westlake view room is worth to try, you can enjoy very nice sunset. Staff are friendly and nice to the guests however seems junior.
The towers at the pool are smelly. The single bad is too small that my boy can easily fell down at night.
Nice location and architecture at the West lake; Quiet rooms, comfortable bed, very good for night sleep quality. Very friendly and helpful staff. Great breakfast. The guest in the neighbouring room had put the music on full volume, causing quite some nuisance. The hotel staff promptly offered me another room, even a free upgrade to executive suite and helped moving my luggage.
The working table in the executive suite is a bit small, in a dark corner and facing away from the window, so that you cannot enjoy the beautiful view from the table. Free internet is with a cable; Wifi is additional cost, also in the exec suite.
I Liked the business center and it was the only thing I liked in the hotel and talking about the dinners the "Milano"was the best of all.
I didn't liked the doors of e rooms because they are not closing well and also don't open well.
Service was unbelievable. Really 5 star hotel, they care about all details.
Hanoi is very hot, but I believe it was not hotel's fault, right?
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Bridal Bliss: Homecoming King and Queen view
Bridal Bliss: As Good As It Gets view
Bridal Bliss: Sail Away With Me view
Photo Credit: Melissa Squires of A Girl in Love Photography
"Detroit was happening that day," Rhona laughs. "All the people who...
"Detroit was happening that day," Rhona laughs. "All the people who had something bad to say about Detroit didn't have anything to say that day!"
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CC Draws #2 Position For Belmont Stakes
When they call the horses to the gate at the Belmont Stakes on Saturday, California Chrome will break from the #2 gate position in his quest to win racing's Triple Crown.
When they call the horses to the gate at the Belmont Stakes on Saturday, California Chrome will break from the #2 gate position in his quest to win racing's Triple Crown.
CBS TV has just cancelled two of their newer shows, "Friends With Better Lives" and "Bad Teacher". I kind of like these shows, but what do I know?
Have you seen that Cosmopolitan Las Vegas Hotel commercial with Mos Def's "Twilite Speedball" in the background? Have you wondered who the hottie dancing is?
There are lots of great restaurants in Bangor and the surrounding area, and these are the 10 best, so say the reviewers on Yelp.
Actress Blake Lively is quite possibly one of the hottest young women in Hollywood and now she's in GIF form for you.
Keep the tab open and crack open a beer, because the weather is only getting hotter with these Bar Refaeli GIFs.
This year's most popular baby names for boys and girls has been released by the Social Security Administration, is your kid's names on the list?
When you're a single dude -- no matter how popular you are with the ladies -- there will always be downtime. When your female companions are busy with work, need to head home, do some wash, or are just sick of being referred to as "friends with benefits," you may find yourself a little lonely. If you won't "put a ring on it" as Beyonce advises, you might want to consider adopting one of man's truest of friends—a dog.
Here's a few songs with your rock and roll Mama in mind, just in time for Mother's Day!
Move aside, Spidey, because we're checking out the Hottest Emma Stone GIFs today.


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Tim Cook's Apple charm offensive: What you need to know
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- Galen Moore
- Web Editor- Boston Business Journal
- Email | Twitter | Google+
Apple Inc. CEO Tim Cook talked to Bloomberg Businessweek Thursday morning, and his touted interview with NBC's Brian Williams will air tonight.
So what is Cook saying? It turns out not much – other than unveiling Apple's plan to bring some contract Mac manufacturing to the U.S. He didn't say who or when, but he did say how much. Apple (Nasdaq: AAPL) plans to spend about $100 million, Cook said in the Businessweek interview. NBC is reporting an entire existing Mac line will be manufactured in the U.S. Bloomberg calls it a "small portion" of Apple's manufacturing.
Not to be outdone, NBC pre-released a segment of the Brian Williams interview (watch it below), in which Cook expresses "intense interest" in the living room, and developing new technology for TV. "When I go into my living room and turn on the TV, I feel like I have gone backwards in time by 20 to 30 years," he said. "It's an area of intense interest. I can't say more than that." As Cult of Mac points out, Cook presumably already owns an Apple TV set-top box, so he must be talking about something else.
Other than that, the interview was "straight from Tim Cook Public Comments Greatest Hits Vol. 1," as GigaOm's Erica Ogg pointed out. He did offer Businessweek readers some interesting personal details, however, about his work at Apple.
- For example: Cook loves to get emails – millions of them – from you. "I've talked to many other CEOs who look at me like I have three heads when I talk about getting hundreds or thousands of customer e-mails in a day," he said. "It's a privilege. It's like you're sitting at the kitchen table. You're a part of the family. And we have to continue to honor that."
- More from the Cook-Businessweek Q&A: Cook said he remembers his first day at Apple, when he had to cross a picket line – of customers – complaining because Steve Jobs had decided to kill the Newton, a personal digital assistant (PDA) developed by Apple in the late 1980s.
- Cook insists that Apple's iPad is "not an expensive product."
- Cook told Businessweek that before he died, Jobs told him never to ask, What Would Steve Jobs Do? "He said, 'I want to make this clear. I saw what happened when Walt Disney passed away. People looked around, and they kept asking what Walt would have done.' He goes, 'The business was paralyzed, and people just sat around in meetings and talked about what Walt would have done.' He goes, 'I never want you to ask what I would have done. Just do what's right.' He was very clear."
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- Studio: Tartan Films
- Release Date: Dec 10, 2004
User Score
Universal acclaim- based on 48 Ratings
User score distribution:
Positive: 44 out of 48
Mixed: 2 out of 48
Negative: 2 out of 48
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It manages to suspend disbelief without over-taxing the viewer's patience, and boasts at least one terrific performance, by actress Yeom Jeong-ah as a scary stepmom.
Awkward storytelling and spotty exposition reduce it to a string of rude shocks--not even the eventual denouement provides a lucid enough account of where this is all coming from.
Either way, Kim's rather clumsily acted film remains monstrously effective ookiness, with crepuscular cinematography (by the Hollywood-destined Kim Byeong-il) that suggests a nightmare endured from inside a suffocating velvet pillowcase.


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A pretty print and gorgeous embroidery in a coordinating color make this notch neck scrub top absolutely dazzling. From Koi Happiness, the Arianna scrub top also has patch pockets and set-in sleeves. The fabric or the 192 top is a cotton/poly blend.
I love this top! The embroidered top is more of a coral colour then the pictures make it seem, and it is nice and light for hot summers. All my co-workers love it.
Select a color from one of the swatches below to see a list of coordinating products for this print top.


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Posted August 8, 2013
I have attended several concerts for The Package Tour 2013. I mu
I have attended several concerts for The Package Tour 2013. I must admit, it took a minute for the new songs off of 10 to take hold, but now I love the songs. I just recently purchased the album and it's pretty good. I would like more dance music, but the album has some wonderful ballads. Jordan Knight's voice is still great... Joey McIntyre adds a flair that is all his own. I would recommend anyone that has been a long time fan of New Kids to purchase this album. If no are not a fan, I recommend you go purchase their previous work to appreciate who they are now. New Kids may be their name, but these are grown men singing about grown-up experiences. I will always be a fan.Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.
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10:55 8th April 2013
Club once again thanks loyal supporters
Following the end of Early Bird Extra Time - the second and final phase of the Early Bird campaign - an additional 973 fans have taken-up the special offer.
This brings the final Early Bird total to 9,036 season ticket holders.
Click HERE to read Chief Executive, Jez Moxey's thank you to the Club's most loyal supporters, which was issued mid-way through the Early Bird campaign.
Jez added: "Once again, we'd like to thank all our fans who've chosen to renew despite a hugely disappointing season.
"We'll need every one of our supporters to be at Molineux for Saturday's crucial match versus Huddersfield. Everyone knows the importance of this game and the team will have a better chance of winning if the Stadium is full of noisy, supportive Wolves fans."
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Hail Michelle McGee: The Nazi Photo Shootby Free Britney at . Comments
Not only is Michelle McGee, Jesse James' mistress, a rumored amateur porn star, tattoo model and stripper, she once posed for photos in Nazi paraphernalia.
Yeah. Real normal.
The woman who allegedly had a sordid tryst with Sandra Bullock's husband Jesse James supports "white power" and gave the Nazi salute in a photo shoot taken at her home in the San Diego area, according to court papers revealed Friday.
The photos were mentioned as part of the ugly divorce from and custody battle with ex-husband Ronald Shane Modica, who says she's a bipolar drug user.
Jesse James' mistress Michelle McGee: A topless, trashy Nazi.
In custody documents filed in January, Michelle's ex says she "makes the Nazi salute," and has a swastika tattooed on her stomach (not seen in the pics below).
She also has initials "w" and "p," which he says stands for white power, on the back of her legs. Wow. No wonder they call her Michelle "Bombshell" McGee.
Taken about a year ago, the Nazi-themed layout, complete with swastika armband and backdrop, was the photographer's idea, but Michelle was enthusiastic.
McGee says she carried on an 11-month affair with Jesse James, who issued a vague apology to Bullock Thursday. Bullock moved out already, reports say.
Follow the jump for disturbing Nazi pics of the alleged Jesse James mistress ...
Wow, Michelle McGee. That is classy stuff. Nazis are totally back in these days. Your two kids must be extremely proud of you at school. [Photos: TMZ]
no one can say for sure that he cheated on sandra even if his previous wife and baby mama's may be the same type of walking std, sandra seems to be a genuine person and if he loved her i doubt he would have done it. probly some bitch who just wants to get famous for breaking another good mans rep
OMFG this bitch may have a nice body wow..but her fuckn face is FUGLY as hell..lol..FUCK THIS STRIPPER DRUG SLUT BITCH!!!!!!!!TEAM SANDRA..AND JESSE CAN DIE FOR ALL I CARE ...FUCK HIM TOO....
killer body id bang her
Out of respect for Sandra, I don't want to hear anymore about this skank or JJ. This skank was probably Hitler's mistress,too
people need to chill, she might be a skank, but, shes a single skank, JJ was the married one. And imo...shes frikkin hot...for a skank
To be fair the photographer does do nazi photos with serveral models. Also, why does everyone blame her... Jesse's the cheater, fuck him!
Damn what a bad deal!! She get's $30,000 and probably is going to have to spend $60,000 for security. But lets face it I would much rather watch her have a reality show than watch Kate Gosselin on the Octomom.....
scary looking broad , her and that JJ outlaw make a nice couple
Sandy is nice. This girl is a skank, BUT.......
given the choice, this girl is soooooooo much hotter than Sandy, it's not close. Sandy is pretty (especially with all the new plastic surgery, but she has no sex appeal. This skank screams a good time. Can't blame the husband one bit.
She has a facial tattoo - nuff said.


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THURSDAY, Jan. 2, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- A new medication for osteoporosis prompts the body to rebuild bone and could potentially strengthen the skeleton against fractures, researchers report.
The experimental drug, romosozumab, frees the body's ability to stimulate bone production by blocking biochemical signals that naturally inhibit bone formation, explained Dr. Michael McClung, founding director of the Oregon Osteoporosis Center in Portland, Ore.
The treatment is one-and-a-half to three times more effective than current osteoporosis drugs in rebuilding bone density at the lumbar spine, according to clinical trial results McClung and his colleagues reported in the Jan.1 online edition of the New England Journal of Medicine.
"Most osteoporosis drugs work by stopping the progression of bone loss, but they don't have the capability of rebuilding the skeleton," McClung said. "This really is a new day in the consideration of how we treat osteoporosis, with the capability of truly stimulating bone production and rebuilding the skeleton, not simply keeping it from getting worse."
More research is needed, however, before romosozumab is approved to treat osteoporosis, a serious bone-thinning disease, in the United States.
The new drug uses an antibody to block the function of sclerostin, a protein the body produces to naturally inhibit bone growth.
Without sclerostin, overactive bone growth might clamp off nerves or end up fusing the spinal column, said Dr. Robert Recker, president of the National Osteoporosis Foundation and director of the Osteoporosis Research Center at Creighton University in Omaha, Neb.
But sclerostin also prevents people with osteoporosis from building additional bone density to replace the bone that has been lost.
The antibody romosozumab binds to sclerostin and prevents its signal, which allows pro-bone-growth signals to proceed uninterrupted, the researchers explained.
This phase 2 clinical trial involved more than 400 postmenopausal women aged 55 to 85 who had osteopenia, which is low bone mass that is not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis. They were randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments for a year: romosozumab; a placebo; or one of two current osteoporosis medications.
Results showed that romosozumab increased bone mineral density in the spine by 11.3 percent during the study period, compared with a 7.1 percent increase with teriparatide (Forteo), a current osteoporosis treatment. The new drug also performed much better than alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate medication that increased spinal bone density by 4.1 percent.
"In terms of rebuilding bone mass, this is clearly better than Forteo or the bisphosphonates," said Recker, who was not involved with the study.
The new drug also appears to be safe, with no major side effects reported, McClung said.
Recker expects that the antibody medication will prove safe because the bone-building signals that are left uninhibited by the drug will taper off naturally as the skeleton becomes better able to withstand weight loads and stresses. "I think it's going to be self-regulating," he said.
The drug is still several years from coming to market, McClung noted. Researchers have to prove to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that it actually protects against bone fractures, which will require more research.
But onlookers are enthusiastic regarding the potential of romosozumab.
"This possibly represents the most important change in treatment of osteoporosis that we've seen," Recker pointed out. "We've not been able to have a strongly bone-building product available to us. There's no reason not to believe it will prevent fractures, but that has to be proven."
According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, half of all Americans over age 50 are expected to have low bone density or osteoporosis by 2020.
More information
For more information on osteoporosis, visit the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
SOURCES: Michael McClung, M.D., founding director, Oregon Osteoporosis Center, Portland, Ore.; Robert Recker, M.D., president, National Osteoporosis Foundation and director, Osteoporosis Research Center, Creighton University, Omaha, Neb.; Jan. 1, 2014, New England Journal of Medicine, online
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