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Click here to print the obituary below
Bruce Steven Tindall(1953 - 2014)
Bruce Steven Tindall
August 5, 1953 - March 14, 2014
Bruce was born in Salem, Oregon to Robert (Bob) and LaVerna Tindall. Bruce grew up on the Oregon coast and graduated from Seaside High School in 1971. After high school, Bruce joined the
U.S. Navy
and honorably served during the evacuation of Vietnam. During his tour of duty on the USS Gurke and USS Oklahoma City, Bruce spent much of his time in Japan. In his free time while stationed in Japan he loved to ride his motorcycle on trips to Mt. Fuji.
After the Navy, Bruce attended Chemeketa Community College where he earned four Associate degrees. During college he met Teresa (Kilgore), to whom he was married for 16 years. Bruce worked in property appraisal for Linn, Lane, and Yamhill counties and the State of Oregon at the Department of Revenue until June 2013.
Bruce had a lifelong love of motorcycles and loved to camp and dirt bike in the Bend area. He loved to golf at McNary Golf Course and was also was a long time member of the Courthouse Athletic Club, where he loved to play racquetball. He was a living inspiration to those he was close with, and he will be forever remembered, missed, and loved.
Bruce was preceded in death by his parents. He is survived by his significant other, Jan Major-Bemus, his son, Shawn Tindall, Brother, Bradley Tindall, Nieces, Bethann Hnat and Brook Dominick.
A celebration of life service will be held Friday, March 28, 2014 at 2 pm at Restlawn Funeral Home. Interment at Restlawn Cemetery.
Funeral Home
Restlawn Funeral Home, Restlawn Memory Gardens and Mausoleum - Salem
201 Oak Grove Road NW
Salem, OR 97304
503 585-1373
Published in StatesmanJournal on Mar. 22, 2014

subset: commoncrawl


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Many small business owners will tell you that regulatory concerns hamper their plans to hire and expand. But according to a new survey, where they really run into difficulty is pinpointing exactly which regulations are responsible for their problems.
Echoing the results of several recent studies, four out of 10 small employers (between one and 25 employees) say regulatory and legal problems are impeding the growth of their businesses, according to the latest National Small Business Poll released Tuesday by the National Federation of Independent Business. More specifically, 82 percent of them said the obstacles stemmed from government regulations.
But here's the real kicker: Of those who said regulations were a major growth impediment, only 36 percent identified a specific regulation or set of regulations that was responsible for their problems. Most of them (57.6 percent) instead blamed "a regulatory thicket" of rules — many of which they are not even aware of — for impeding their growth.
"Business owners tell us they have a regulatory problem, so we ask what it is," William Dennis, NFIB senior research fellow, said in an interview. "They tell us, 'Well, it's really the whole regulatory thing' — but what does that really mean?"
Dennis, who authored the report, explained that business owners' hesitance or inability to determine which regulations impede their progress makes it difficult for the government and small business advocacy groups to attack their concerns.
"We were trying to find out whether there was a particular regulation or a particular set of regulations that are bothering [small business owners], because if it's one, we can at least get at it and work on the problem," he said. "But when they tell us it's the whole thing, that makes it very hard to pursue solutions."
Nevertheless, business owners shouldn't necessarily be faulted for not knowing which regulations plague their companies. Dennis says many are understandably consumed by day-to-day tasks and don't have time to keep track of complicated and constantly changing regulations.
"Even when you are making a bona fide effort to understand the rules, these things can get very technical," he said. "There's a whole series of compliances and regulations coming at your from various directions, and it can be very overwhelming."
Among other findings in the report:
• Nearly three out of four small business owners would like to expand by adding employees in the next five years, but most of them cite obstacles that stand in the way of hiring.
• Sixty-one percent of respondents listed "uncertainty" as an impediment to business growth (tied for the highest percentage for any option), with 83 percent of those business owners saying the uncertainty to which they referred was economic in nature.
• Sixty-one percent also said the lack of skilled employees is an impediment to growth and indicated they would hire at least one employee at the current market wage rate if they could find candidates with the required skills.
Follow On Small Business and J.D. Harrison on Twitter.


text:
NEW YORK (AP) - Richard Pitino held his 3-year-old daughter in his arms as his Minnesota team cut down the net at Madison Square Garden.
STANFORD (AP) - Mikaela Ruef found herself an engineering job on campus last spring and started sporting a hard hat and safety glasses to pay for her final two quarters at Stanford, knowing she no longer had a basketball scholarship as a fifth-year senior.
BERKELEY (AP) - California coach Mike Montgomery is retiring after six seasons at the school.
BERKELEY (AP) - Coach Sonny Dykes has plenty of work to do as he starts Year 2 of spring practice at California.
LINCOLN, Neb. (AP) - Kaleena Mosqueda-Lewis continued her splendid run through the NCAA tournament with 17 points, and Connecticut advanced to the women's Final Four for the seventh straight year with a 69-54 victory against Texas A&M on Monday night.
Doug McDermott spent his senior season passing a lot of big names on the career scoring list. He is now among some very select company.
Florida coach Billy Donovan has his hands full preparing for Shabazz Napier and Connecticut in the Final Four, yet couldn't help but look across at the other side of the bracket.
NEW YORK (AP) - Shabazz Napier owed UConn.
INDIANAPOLIS (AP) - Aaron Harrison made a 3-pointer from NBA range with 2.3 seconds left Sunday to lift Kentucky and its freshmen to a 75-72 win over Michigan and a trip to the Final Four.
STANFORD (AP) - Chiney Ogwumike pulled her fellow starters aside and offered one last challenge: Stanford's biggest star wanted to be an "afterthought."
NEW YORK (AP) - DeAndre Daniels' UConn teammates were going to keep passing him the ball until he cooled off.
MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) - Michael Frazier II hit five 3-pointers and finished with 19 points as Florida beat UCLA 79-68 Thursday night to reach its fourth consecutive NCAA regional final.
STORRS, Conn. (AP) - Kaleena Mosqueda-Lewis had the third triple-double in UConn history as the Huskies moved into their 21st straight NCAA regional semifinal with a 91-52 rout of Saint Joseph's on Tuesday night.
TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) - The Florida State Seminoles put on their best shooting display of the season to advance to the NIT quarterfinals.
DURHAM, N.C. (AP) - DePaul kept taking the ball from Duke with its intense press, and answering seemingly every big Blue Devils bucket with a 3-pointer.
INDIANAPOLIS (AP) - Dakari Johnson scored 11 points, Andrew Harrison had 10 and No. 1 Kentucky used a dominant defense to blow out No. 4 Kansas 72-40 in Tuesday's State Farm Champions Classic.
BERKELEY (AP) - Reshanda Gray scored 17 points on 8-of-12 shooting as No. 14 Cal won its home opener on Tuesday night, defeating Nevada 76-54.
STANFORD (AP) - Amber Orrange and new-look Stanford made an impressive national statement while snapping another one of Connecticut's remarkable winning streaks - without an Ogwumike sister in sight.
The first regular-season college basketball poll did not look a whole lot different than The Associated Press preseason Top 25: A few teams swapped places, and the one that lost dropped out.
RIVERSIDE (AP) - Cody Demps made a game-winning jumper with 17 second left to lift Sacramento State over UC Riverside 70-69 on Monday night.
Page 1 of 1


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Spinal dorsal horn neuronal responses to myelinated versus unmyelinated heat nociceptors and their modulation by activation of the periaqueductal grey in the rat.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to further understand the central processing of inputs arising from unmyelinated and myelinated nociceptors by (i) determining the response characteristics of Class 2 dorsal horn neurones to preferential activation of C- and A-fibre heat nociceptors, and (ii) investigating the control exerted by the dorsolateral/lateral region of the midbrain periaqueductal grey (DL/L-PAG) on C- and A-fibre-evoked responses of these neurones. The use of different rates of skin heating to preferentially activate unmyelinated (C-fibre; 2.5 degrees C s(-1)) versus myelinated (A-fibre; 7.5 degrees C s(-1)) heat nociceptors revealed that, in response to C-nociceptor activation, Class 2 neurones encode well only over the first 5 degrees C above threshold, and that at higher temperatures responses decline. In contrast, responses to A-nociceptor activation are linear and encode skin temperature over more than 10 degrees C, and almost certainly into the tissue-damaging range. PAG stimulation raised thresholds and decreased significantly the magnitude of responses to A- and C-nociceptor activation. However, differences were revealed in the effects of descending control on the relationships between skin temperature and neuronal firing rate; the linear relationship that occurred over the first 5 degrees C of slow rates of skin heating was no longer evident, whereas that to fast rates of skin heating was maintained over the entire range, albeit shifted to the right. These data indicate that the sensori-discriminative information conveyed in A-fibre nociceptors is maintained and that the information from C-nociceptors is lost in the presence of descending control from the DL/L-PAG. The data are discussed in relation to the role of the DL/L-PAG in mediating active coping strategies.
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Clinical studies have revealed that up to 92% of major depressed patients report pain complaints such as back or abdominal pain. Furthermore, patients suffering from depression exhibit increased superficial pain thresholds and decreased ischemic (deep) pain thresholds during experimental pain testing in comparison to healthy controls. Here, we aimed to investigate a putative role of Aδ- and C-fibre activation in altered pain perception in the disease. Laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) of 27 unmedicated depressed patients and 27 matched controls were recorded. Aδ and C fibres were activated separately. Amplitudes and latencies of N2 and P2 peaks of Aδ- (Aδ-LEP) and C-fibre- (C-LEP) related LEPs were evaluated. Depressed patients showed significantly decreased Aδ-LEP amplitudes (N2 peak: P=0.019; P2 peak: P=0.024) and delayed C-LEP latencies (P2 peak: P=0.0495; N2 peak: P=0.0556). In contrast, C-LEP amplitudes and Aδ-LEP latencies were unaffected. Our results might be suggestive of the differential impact of physiological changes on pain processing in depression. Thus, Aδ-LEP might reflect the physiological correlate of the augmented superficial pain thresholds during depression. On the contrary, the C-fibre component mediates the facets of pain processing, outlasting the stimulation period, and has been shown to be exaggerated in chronic pain states. Therefore, the functional over-representation of the C-fibre component found in our study might be a possible link between depression and associated pain complaints.Pain 04/2011; 152(8):1796-802. · 5.64 Impact Factor
Article: The selectivity of rostroventral medulla descending control of spinal sensory inputs shifts postnatally from A-fibre to C-fibre evoked activity.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Brainstem descending control is crucial in maintaining the balance of excitation and inhibition in spinal sensory networks. In the adult, descending inhibition of spinal dorsal horn circuits arising from the brainstem rostroventral medial medulla (RVM) is targeted to neurons with a strong nociceptive C-fibre input. Before the fourth postnatal week, the RVM exerts a net facilitation of spinal networks but it is not known if this is targeted to specific dorsal horn neuronal inputs. Since the maturation from descending facilitation to inhibition occurs only after C-fibre central synaptic maturation is complete, we hypothesised that RVM facilitation in young animals is targeted to A-fibre afferent inputs. To test this, the RVM was stimulated while recording dorsal horn neuronal activity in vivo under isoflurane anaesthesia at postnatal day (P) 21 and P40 (adult). Electrical thresholds for A- and C-fibre evoked activity, spike counts and wind-up characteristics at baseline and during RVM stimulation (10μA-100μA, I0 Hz) were compared. In adults, RVM stimulation selectively increased the threshold for C-fibre-evoked activity while at P21 it selectively decreased the threshold for A-fibre evoked activity and these effects were correlated to the wind-up characteristics of the neuron. Thus the postnatal shift in RVM control of dorsal horn circuits is not only directional but also modality specific, from facilitation of A-fibre input in the young animal to inhibition of nociceptive C-input in the adult, with additional contextual factors. Descending control of spinal sensory networks serves very different functions in young and adult animals.The Journal of Physiology 01/2014; · 4.38 Impact Factor
Article: Somatosensory Nerve Fibers Mediated Generation of De-qi in Manual Acupuncture and Local Moxibustion-Like Stimuli-Modulated Gastric Motility in Rats.[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to reveal the somatosensory nerve fibers mediated generation of De-qi in manual acupuncture stimuli (MAS) and local moxibustion-like stimuli (LMS). The effects of strong and slight MAS, as well as 41°C, 43°C, and 45°C LMS at ST36 and CV12 on gastric motility were observed in rats. Gastric motility was continuously measured by an intrapyloric balloon, and the average amplitude, integral, and frequency of gastric motility during LMS were compared with those of background activity. Gastric motility was facilitated by MAS and LMS at ST36 and inhibited at CV12. The modulatory effects induced by strong MA with potent De-qi (needle grasp feeling) were markedly higher than those by slight MA with mild De-qi sensation (P < 0.05). The nociceptive 43°C and 45°C LMS, rather than nonnociceptive 41°C LMS, produced significant regulatory effects on gastric motility. Based on the afferent fibers activated in the present study, these results support the hypothesis that A δ - and C-afferent fibers were more likely to be involved in the generation of De-qi sensation.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM. 01/2014; 2014:673239.
Page 1
J Physiol 576.2 (2006) pp 547–556
Spinal dorsal horn neuronal responses to myelinated
versus unmyelinated heat nociceptors and their
modulation by activation of the periaqueductal grey
in the rat
Simon McMullan1and Bridget M. Lumb2
1Hypertension and Stroke Research Laboratory, University of Sydney, Australia
2Department of Physiology, University of Bristol, UK
The aim of this study was to further understand the central processing of inputs arising from
unmyelinated and myelinated nociceptors by (i) determining the response characteristics of
of skin heating to preferentially activate unmyelinated (C-fibre; 2.5◦Cs−1) versus myelinated
neurones encode well only over the first 5◦C above threshold, and that at higher temperatures
responses decline. In contrast, responses to A-nociceptor activation are linear and encode skin
temperature over more than 10◦C, and almost certainly into the tissue-damaging range. PAG
stimulation raised thresholds and decreased significantly the magnitude of responses to A- and
C-nociceptor activation. However, differences were revealed in the effects of descending control
on the relationships between skin temperature and neuronal firing rate; the linear relationship
that occurred over the first 5◦C of slow rates of skin heating was no longer evident, whereas
that to fast rates of skin heating was maintained over the entire range, albeit shifted to the right.
control from the DL/L-PAG. The data are discussed in relation to the role of the DL/L-PAG in
mediating active coping strategies.
(Resubmitted 21 July 2006; accepted after revision 14 August 2006; first published online 17 August 2006)
Corresponding author S. McMullan: Hypertension and Stroke Research Laboratory, Royal North Shore Hospital,
St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia. Email: email@example.com
Information about noxious events in the periphery
is conveyed to the spinal cord in myelinated and
nociceptor convey different qualities of the nociceptive
message, first and second pain, respectively (Raja et al.
1999), and have different roles in animal models of
chronic pain (Fuchs et al. 2000). They have distinct
pharmacological and physiological properties, such as
their conduction velocities and their ability to encode the
et al. 2001), and recent evidence from this laboratory
indicates that they activate distinct central pathways
linking the hypothalamus and midbrain (Lumb et al.
A major determinant of the pain experience is
descending control, which originates from a number
of supraspinal sites and acts to modulate nociceptive
transmission at early stages in pain pathways in the dorsal
horn of the spinal cord (Willis, 1988; Willis & Westlund,
nociceptive reflexes evoked by activity in unmyelinated
(C-fibre) versus myelinated (A-fibre) heat nociceptors:
C-fibre-evoked withdrawal responses to noxious heating
has important implications as neurones in the DL/L-PAG
co-ordinate active coping strategies, of which modulation
to stressors and in emergency situations (Lovick &
Bandler, 2005). One interpretation of this finding is that
C ?2006 The Authors. Journal compilationC ?2006 The Physiological Society DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.117754
Page 2
548S. McMullan and B. M. Lumb
J Physiol 576.2
distracting information conveyed in C-nociceptors while
preserving the rapidly conducted well-localized aspects of
emergency situations.
Given the different roles of unmyelinated and
myelinated nociceptors in normal and pathological pain
the central pathways that they activate, and a selectivity in
their descending control, it is of considerable importance
to gain a better understanding of the spinal processing of
input from these two classes of nociceptor.
To this end, the aims of the current study were twofold:
of dorsal horn neurones.
Animal preparation
Experiments were conducted on 18 adult male Wistar
rats (275–300g). All experiments were carried out in
accordance with the UK Animals (Scientific Procedures)
Act, 1986, and associated guidelines. Anaesthesia was
induced with halothane (2–3% in O2), and the trachea,
carotid artery and external jugular vein were cannulated,
Arterial blood pressure and rectal temperature were
monitored and maintained within physiological limits.
During preparatory surgery, anaesthesia was maintained
withdrawal or blood pressure changes.
Preferential activation of myelinated and
unmyelinated heat nociceptors
A heating apparatus that delivered 'slow' or 'fast' rates
of skin heating to the dorsal hindpaw was used to
preferentially activate unmyelinated (capsaicin-sensitive)
or myelinated (capsaicin-insensitive) heat nociceptors,
respectively (McMullan et al. 2004). The apparatus was
a modified version of that described by Yeomans and
1996), in which slow and fast rates of heating activated
nociceptive primary afferents with conduction velocities
<2.3ms−1(i.e. C-fibres) and >3ms−1(i.e. A-fibres),
respectively. In brief, heat from a sputter-coated projector
bulb was focused onto a thin disk of blackened copper
with the dorsal surface of the skin of the hindpaw. A
was fixed in position between the surface of the copper
disk and the skin, and used to record skin temperature,
which was digitized and captured at 50sampless−1on a
PC running Spike2 version 3.21 (Cambridge Electronic
Design, Cambridge, UK). Using a constant bulb voltage,
fast rates of heating (7.5±1◦Cs−1, measured over 2s
from the start of heating) were used to preferentially
fast and slow ramps, respectively, were rejected. In order
to prevent tissue damage, skin heating was terminated by
a feedback-controlled cut-off device fitted to the power
source. Cut-offs to fast and slow rates of heating were set
at 57 and 55◦C, respectively; data from heating trials in
cut-off value and included in the analysis.
Single-unit dorsal horn recordings
Extracellular single-unit recordings were made from
Class2 (Menetrey et al. 1977) deep dorsal horn
In brief, the vertebrae at each end of a laminectomy
between T13 and L2 were clamped, and a 4% agar pool
was formed over the exposed tissue. To allow access to
the spinal cord, a small window was cut in the agar and
filled with warm mineral oil. The dura were removed,
and extracellular recordings of single unit activity were
made using homemade borosilicate glass microelectrodes
mounted on an active-probe headstage (Intra 767b; WPI,
UK). Electrodes were filled with 4m NaCl and had a
resistance of 4–10M?. The filtered (Neurolog125; low
cut-off, 500–700Hz; high cut-off, 5kHz) and amplified
(Neurolog105; ×1000) signal was monitored on an
oscilloscope, captured by a PC running Spike2 version
also captured as Spike2 'Wavemarks', permitting online
arithmetic plotting of instantaneous firing frequency on a
separate data channel. In some cases multiunit recordings
were made. Wavemarks were used to compare spike shape
at 20kHz) and compared using K-means cluster analysis.
fields of recorded neurones typically extended over an
area equivalent to one quarter of the dorsal surface of the
hindpaw, and were responsive to both low- (e.g. brush)
and high-intensity (e.g. noxious pinch, heating) stimuli.
Only cells that had excitatory receptive fields that were
both accessible to the heater and larger than the copper
disk that formed the heating contact with the skin were
included in the study.
C ?2006 The Authors. Journal compilationC ?2006 The Physiological Society
Page 3
J Physiol 576.2
Dorsal horn responses to heat and their modulation by the PAG 549
Neuronal activation in the PAG
The head was fixed in a flat skull position in a stereotaxic
instrument and a small window, extending approximately
3mm lateral and 5mm rostral to lambda, was removed
from the temporal bone using a small drill fitted with a
round dental burr.
diameter ∼40µm) were driven vertically into the PAG at
approximately 7.5mm caudal to bregma, 0.8mm lateral
to the midline, and between 4.0 and 5.3mm deep to the
cortical surface. Micropipette barrels contained: 50mm
dl-homocysteic acid (DLH; Sigma, UK) solution in
pH-buffered Ringer solution for neuronal stimulation,
Ringer solution for control injections, and saturated
Drug solutions (6nl), or larger volumes of dye solution
(∼60nl), were pressure-ejected under microscopic
guidance. A calibrated graticule was used to measure
meniscus movement, from which ejection volumes
were estimated. Micropipettes were positioned in the
evoked increases in arterial blood pressure.
Experimental protocol
In a control period, neuronal responses to fast or
slow rates of heating were recorded at 8min intervals.
Following three control trials, a 6nl injection of DLH was
made into a previously identified pressor site within the
Figure 1. Data from an individual Class 2 dorsal horn neurone
A, raster plot to illustrate the response of the neurone to supramaximal electrical stimulation in its cutaneous
receptive field at time zero. B, photomicrograph to illustrate the recording site (pontamine sky blue (PSB) deposit)
in the dorsal horn. C, response to a fast heating trial. Top trace, average discharge frequency per second. Middle
trace, skin temperature. Lower trace, extracellular unit recording. Vertical lines, 1◦C bins. Continuous horizontal
line, background level of firing which is subtracted from the firing rate to calculate the magnitude of the response
(shaded area).
PAG. Approximately 20s after injection (at which point
cardiovascular changes evoked by DLH injection were
maximal), a fourth heating trial was delivered to the
receptive field. Neuronal responses to three subsequent
(post-test) heating trials were then recorded at 8min
intervals. If, following a complete series of heating trials,
signal were still optimal, a second series of heating trials,
using the other rate of heating, was conducted (i.e. if the
fast rates of heating).
At the end of recording the composition of afferent
input to the unit was assessed using electrical stimulation
in the cutaneous receptive field. Bipolar needle electrodes
were inserted into the centre of the receptive field and
single rectangular pulses, 1–1.5ms wide, were delivered.
Pulse amplitude was gradually increased until single
action potentials were reliably evoked. Stimulus intensity
was then increased by a factor of 20 (up to a maximum of
100V). Raster displays were constructed from repeated
sweeps and units were classified as C+ve if a distinct late
volley of action potentials was evoked with a latency of
∼200ms. In 5/19 cells it was not possible to determine
afferent composition. Raster displays from all other
neuronesindicated excitatory
myelinated and unmyelinated afferents (e.g. Fig.1A).
the composition of afferent input were not included in
further analysis.
C ?2006 The Authors. Journal compilationC ?2006 The Physiological Society
Page 4
550S. McMullan and B. M. Lumb
J Physiol 576.2
electrodes with micropipettes containing saturated PSB
in sodium acetate. PSB was ejected under iontophoresis
(7µA, 7–10min) at the cord surface and at the depth
of the recording site (e.g. Fig.1B). Rats were killed
with a lethal intravenous bolus of pentobarbitone at
the end of experiments, and the midbrain and marked
sections of spinal cord were removed and placed in 7%
phosphate-buffered paraformaldehyde. Fixed tissue was
sectioned at 50µm and stained with neutral red. Sections
were visualized under a microscope and camera lucida
drawings made of injection and recordings sites. Cells
included in this study were recorded at an average depth
of 904±101µm from the surface of the spinal cord.
Data analysis
In order to determine thresholds of responses to slow
and fast rates of heating, the rate of spontaneous activity
occurring between 10 and 5s before the start of heating
and remained elevated relative to average spontaneous
firing frequency during the reference period. If, after
injection of DLH, heating did not evoke a neuronal
response, a value equivalent to the lamp cut-off
temperature was assigned. Two-way analysis of variance
(Graphpad Prism 4.0) was used to determine any
differences in the effects of DLH microinjection on
neuronal responses evoked by slow and fast rates
of heating. Bonferroni post-tests were used to detect
slow or fast rates of heating.
Response magnitude was also quantified. Activity
cut-off was broken into 1◦C bins (Fig.1C), and the
number of action potentials occurring in each bin was
to the first bin of the response. Pre-trial spontaneous
activity was measured and, after correcting for bin width,
subtracted from each bin of the response. Data from
repeated measures, i.e. data from trios of control and
post-test trials, were averaged. All data points were
normalized with respect to the first bins of control
responses, which were assigned the value of 100%. Data
were excluded from analysis. Curve fitting and linear
correlations were used to determine the relationships
between skin temperature and neuronal firing frequency.
functions (Graphpad Prism 4.0). Magnitudes of evoked
responses were determined by calculating the normalized
area under the temperature–response curve. Data are
expressed as means±s.e.m.
Neuronal responses to slow and fast rates of heating
Recordings were made from 19 Class2 neurons in the
in analysis because their afferent composition could not
be determined by electrical stimulation of the receptive
field. Of the 14 neurons that received convergent input
from both myelinated and unmyelinated afferent input,
responses to slow rates were examined in 11 cells (i.e. it
was possible to examine responses to both fast and slow
rates of heating in nine units).
Responses of an individual neurone to slow and fast
rates of skin heating are illustrated in Fig2A and B, and
relative to threshold for the entire population in Fig.2C.
Activity evoked by slow heating trials increased linearly
with skin temperature over the first 5◦C of a response,
reached a plateau, and subsequently decreased. This
pattern of response fitted a Gaussian response profile
(r2=0.63, Fig.2C) rather than a straight line (r2=0.24).
In contrast, neuronal activity evoked by fast rates of skin
heating exhibited a strong linear correlation with skin
temperature (r2=0.9; Fig.2C) over the full range of skin
heating (i.e. from average threshold of 46.1◦C to lamp
fast rates of skin heating generally evoked significantly
more activity than slow rates of heating (Fig.2C). When
expressed as area under the curve, activity evoked by fast
rates of heating (322.1APs−1 ◦C) was greater than that
evokedbyslowratesofheating(139.1APs−1 ◦C;P <0.01).
were normalized and expressed as a percentage of action
potential frequency recorded over the first 1◦C of control
responses (as in Fig.6), the values for goodness of fit
(r2) of linear (fast) and Gaussian (slow) regressions were
increased to 0.97 and 0.78, respectively.
Effects of PAG stimulation
Microinjection of DLH into sites in the DL/L-PAG
(Fig.3) evoked pressor responses of 19.7±1.9mmHg. In
9/14 cells, spontaneous firing was reduced shortly after
DLH injection (latency, 1–2s). In five of these cells, the
reduction in firing was preceded by a transient (∼0.5s)
but reproducible increase in action potential frequency.
In these cases, the increase in firing frequency was almost
PAG activation evoked strong inhibition of neuronal
responses to both slow and fast rates of skin heating
(Fig.4). On average, thresholds of responses to slow rates
C ?2006 The Authors. Journal compilationC ?2006 The Physiological Society
Page 5
J Physiol 576.2
Dorsal horn responses to heat and their modulation by the PAG 551
of heating were increased significantly from 45.1±1 to
51.4±1.6◦C (n=11, P <0.001; Fig.5A) and thresholds
to fast rates of heating were increased from 46.1±1 to
54.6±1.1◦C (n=12, P <0.001; Fig.5B). In the 24min
period following PAG stimulation (post-test), thresholds
of responses to both slow and fast rates of heating
recovered to their control values. Two-way analysis of
variance indicated that the degree to which the threshold
of neuronal responses to heating was increased by DLH
microinjection was independent of rate of skin heating
in control, test and post-test periods were calculated
by measuring the area under the curve of normalized
activity plotted against temperature relative to threshold
Figure 2. Activation of class 2 dorsal horn neurons by slow and fast rates of skin heating
A and B, firing frequencies (upper traces) and extracellular recordings (middle traces) of an individual neurone
to illustrate the relationship between skin temperature (lower traces) and responses evoked by slow (A) and
fast (B) rates of skin heating. C, temperature–response relationships of Class 2 neurones to slow (open symbols,
n = 11) and fast (filled symbols, n = 12) rates of skin heating; data are means ± S.E.M.; responses to fast rates
of heating follow a linear relationship (r2= 0.9), whereas responses to slow rates best fit a bell-shaped function
(r2= 0.63);∗P < 0.05,∗∗P < 0.01 (two-way Student's t test), statistical significance between responses at any
given temperature above threshold (hashed line).
(see Fig.6). Note, however, that due to the increase in
response threshold evoked by PAG stimulation, there was
a reduction in the range of temperatures over which
neuronal responses were evoked (i.e. the range between
threshold and heating cut-off was reduced from 8 or 9◦C
to 5 or 6◦C). In view of this, for consistency, area under
6◦C of control responses to slow and fast rates of heating,
The profiles of responses to slow rates of skin heating
immediately after PAG activation no longer fitted a
Gaussian profile (r2=0.37; Fig.6A). In the 24min
period following PAG stimulation (post-test), profiles of
C ?2006 The Authors. Journal compilationC ?2006 The Physiological Society


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All agencies who utilize ITD's Mobile Device Management solution, including ITD, AGO, BND, DOT, and WSI.
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Additional Information
Schweppes hands £4m advertising account to Wieden+Kennedy
Schweppes, the Coca-Cola-owned soft drinks and mixer brand, has handed its £4m advertising account to Wieden+Kennedy, following a split from Mother.
Schweppes: 2010 TV ad campaign by Mother
Schweppes contacted and briefed agencies in November last year and Wieden+Kennedy then pitched against Adam & Eve and WCRS for the account.
Coca-Cola said: "We can confirm we have appointed Wieden+Kennedy, an existing partner of the Coca-Cola Company, as our communications agency for Schweppes moving forward in the UK."
Coca-Cola said it was too soon to comment on the future brand strategy for Schweppes, but one source said the expected work would be a "big departure" for the brand.
The brand's last major ad campaign was launched by Mother in 2010, focusing on a suburban, middle-class family that reacted to chaotic situations in a casual way. The last ad used the strapline, "At the end of the day, there's always a Schweppes".
The Schweppes brand portfolio includes its range of mixers, lemonade, cordials and Abbey Well water.
Follow Loulla-Mae Eleftheriou-Smith on Twitter @LoullaMae_ES
This article was first published on campaignlive.co.uk
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- Group Account Director - Experiential Agency The Great & The Good £70,000 - £75,000 per annum, London
- Category Manager - Herbs, Spices & Ready Mixes McCormick Ltd £ Competitive + Benefits , Haddenham, Aylesbury


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The first four Airborne Astronomy Ambassador (AAA) educators returned safely to Earth, landing in Palmdale, Calif. early in the morning Wednesday, Feb. 13, 2013, after completing their initial flight on NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, SOFIA. That flight launched the AAA program's first full year of operations, during which 26 educators from classrooms and science centers across the United States will fly on SOFIA as partners with scientists conducting astronomy research us ... read more
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Online since 2004, we're the #1 Chevy Truck & SUV user community. If you have any questions about your Chevy or GMC Truck, SUV or Crossover, or just want to connect with other GM owners and enthusiasts around the world, you've found the best place on the internet to do that.
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Missed yesterday's HTC One event? There is plenty to catch up on, including our initial hands-on and a look at how the phone stacks up to the competition, but if you want to relive the magic of the handset's official unveiling you now can. HTC has made available the entire press conference, including a first look at the One as well as what's new in Sense 5. Check it out below.
[via AndroidPolice]
Continue reading:
- T-Mobile pushes out software updates for HTC
- Verizon HTC One M7 receiving Android 4.4.3 this week
- HTC One gets Android L port
- HTC commits to Android L for One M8
- Check out the HTC One forums, see the specs, or find news and reviews.
TAGS: HTC One


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Click the cover to read the complete digital edition
All things to all people
Editor's Note
End Note
Notes and letters
Take 5
the guide
upcoming events
Nov. 20-23, 8p. In this reality sendup, we find Rachel, Winnie, Trixie and Trampolina in the jungle, trying their best to score at challenges that...
November 23 David Sedaris The Smith Center Man tells funny stories. 7:30p, $46 and up,
Nov. 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 7p; Nov. 16, 23, 2p. The Department of Fine Arts' Theatre presents this classic play of the modern theater, an...
The custom
of costume
Story by Michael Green
You would expect the cards who populate Las Vegas to put their own spin on Halloween, wouldn't you? Halloween parties have become an important part of the Strip scene in recent years, but Halloween celebrations have been an attraction for visitors for decades, as this Las Vegas News Bureau photo shows, and a key part of Las Vegas life from the community's beginnings.
Soon after the town's founding in 1905, local groups like the Ladies Aid Society and various society leaders hosted annual Halloween parties as a means of bringing the small population (320 according to the unofficial 1906 census) together. The local women's basketball team held what the Las Vegas Age proudly proclaimed "the first exclusively young people's dance ever given in Las Vegas" for Halloween in 1907. October 31 provides another reason to celebrate: It's statehood day, when Nevada entered the Union. Although it became a state in 1864, Nevadans didn't celebrate it as a state holiday until 1933. In 2000, the legislature decided that Statehood Day would be the last Friday before October 31, forever changing the lives of those who grew up in Nevada thinking that in honor of joining the Union, we got to dress in costumes and go door-to-door in search of candy. After all, the state famous for legal gambling should feature a costume made of cards: We're the trick or treat for the nation....}
Pick up your Desert Companion today at one of these Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf or Jamba Juice locations.
Also available at Clark County and Henderson libraries.


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Zoning CommitteeTakes More Time on Helicopter Hangar Permit
Submitted: 05/01/2013
Story By Lyndsey Stemm
- People live in the Northwoods for the peace and quiet it provides. But some important services create plenty of noise. Services like the Ministry Spirit 2 helicopter, which needs a new home.
It's currently housed at the Rhinelander Airport, but the hangar is for sale. Ministry proposed moving it to the Howard Young Medical Center, but some people in Woodruff don't want it there.
Tonight the Oneida County Zoning Committee had an opportunity to decide whether they'd approve the move.
Ministry says housing the chopper at the hospital will help them reach the majority of their patients in the quickest amount of time.
Doctors from the hospital told committee members it would cut down on critical time for heart attack, major traumatic injury and stroke patients.
"If they have a life-threatening problem having the helicopter at Howard Young will offer them a better, higher level of care," says Ministry Medical Group President Stewart Watson.
"I've had a heart attack. When I have my next one I want to be able to call 911, say, 'I'm on my way over. Get it running'," says Woodruff resident Corky Sheppard.
But plenty of people who live nearby object. One reason is noise; but many say it goes way beyond that.
"Several things we as a board had asked for, or questions we had put to the Howard Young Ministry staff simply were not acknowledged or answered," says Woodruff Town Supervisor Judy Allen.
Woodruff residents were given the chance to speak to the committee. Some voiced support for the hangar location. Others said they didn't oppose the helicopter moving to Woodruff, but rather the use of the land for housing and maintaining it right on hospital property.
"The reason that we're here is a land use issue. We're just opposed to how it's going. We would like to see some compromise and some common sense," says Woodruff resident Todd Albano.
Other people also said they wanted a compromise on the location of the hangar in the Woodruff Area.
The committee decided to pay a visit to the proposed site before they'll make a decision on the conditional use permit.
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Tiffany, Wisconsin GOP skeptical of billions of dollars of budget requests from state agencies
Submitted: 11/22/2014
- A quick glance at Wisconsin's governmental finances could convince you the state has a hole to fill.
Projections show the state will take in $2.2 billion fewer than its agencies want to spend from mid-2015 to mid-2017.
The state legislature and Gov. Scott Walker will need to figure out how to make the numbers work.
Northwoods Sen. Tom Tiffany (R-Hazelhurst) points out the money the agencies want is more than the agencies will get.
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Steps to prepare for freezing rain
Submitted: 11/22/2014
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- We could see freezing rain in the Northwoods Sunday. If we do, leaders in Oneida County want people to be prepared.
The Oneida County Emergency Management director says it's hard to tell when the roads are slippery. So they want you to take your time on the roads and on the sidewalks.
"Freezing rain, a lot of times you can't tell that it's actually frozen. The ground is frozen," said Oneida County Emergency Management director Ken Kortenhof. "So even when you're walking on your sidewalks, stuff like that, be careful not to slip. Make sure if you have salt you can salt your sidewalks so you don't have problems there as well."
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2 men on sinking boat are rescued on Lake Michigan
Submitted: 11/22/2014
- One Wisconsin man is recovering in a hospital after he and another man were rescued from a sinking boat on Lake Michigan Friday morning.
The Ozaukee County Sheriff's Office responded to a call from a man who said his boat was taking on water at about 11 a.m. The boat was less than a mile off the coast of Belgium, Wisconsin, according to the sheriff's office.
The men and their boat were recovered and brought back to shore.
A 31-year-old man from Oak Creek was hospitalized with non-life threatening injuries. A 24-year-old Neshkoro man was uninjured. Neither man has been identified.
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Deer donation an option as gun hunting season begins
Submitted: 11/22/2014
- Gun hunting season started across Wisconsin Saturday.
Most hunters shoot for sport.
But some donate their catches to help families in need.
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Empty Bowls event fills Rothschild with soup, hope
Submitted: 11/22/2014
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- The Rothschild Pavilion couldn't easily hold the huge number of people on Saturday who wanted something simple �" soup.
Lines snaked out the door for the 7th annual Empty Bowls event.
Everyone who tried one of 41 different soups will help fight hunger for others in northcentral Wisconsin.
"It's a true reflection of the caring quality of Marathon County," said The Neighbors' Place Executive Director Tom Rau.
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Door County fish business subject of federal probe
Submitted: 11/22/2014
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- A Wisconsin company that processes Great Lakes fish for sale worldwide has been caught up in a federal investigation into the illegal trafficking of lake trout, lake sturgeon, whitefish and walleye.
Court records show U.S. Fish and Wildlife agents set up a fake fish store in L'Anse, Michigan, recorded conversations, and raided Dan's Fish in the northeastern Wisconsin city of Sturgeon Bay in Door County.
No criminal charges have been filed, but search warrants served as part of the investigation were recently unsealed.
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Wives and girlfriends enjoy Holiday Open House
Submitted: 11/22/2014
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- The start of the deer hunting season normally leaves wives and girlfriends at home by themselves, but an organization in Rhinelander wants to get them out of the house.
This was the first time Downtown Rhinelander Inc. hosted Holiday Open House Saturday. Businesses along Brown street welcomed wives, girlfriends and families into the their stores.
The owner of Hext Theater in Rhinelander believes this is kind of like a kick-off for the holiday season.
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The scenario - you integrate three applications, two client HTTP ones and the third is a backend one (no matter the technology). All is well except client1 tends to send requests in bursts for no good reason and its developers just cannot tame it.
Behind all the procedures, rules, and processes there is a person who will be without a job. This is a common area where many managers and companies lose focus.
Tom Howlett has been through several jobs that stifled his creativity. Some had too few constrains, and some had too many. Working in a collaborative team, with an opportunity to self-organize, Tom was free.
This part in the series is focused primarily on learning How to Design Data. This is because when we each design the data, we are making, knowingly or unknowingly, decisions about how all of the functions that later operate on that data will operate.
I used to look at Laravel's migrations as shortcuts for creating tables quickly without having to write any SQL. Yet, I found another great usage for migrations, especially along with seeds.
I think I've found one of the best, most straightforward introductions yet to Beanstalkd, an under-appreciated member of the message queue community.
A bit over two years ago Allan Kelly started using the term Xanpan to describe the style of agile he advocates and help teams implement it. If it isn't obvious, Xanpan - pronounced "Zan-pan" - is a cross between Kent Beck's Extreme Programming (XP) and David Anderson's Kanban.
Avoiding embarrassing forwards and not sending emails too soon are some of the tips in this post. The best one though is about how you can send decent looking code easily in an email.
In this class, the design method is defined as a structure that takes you from a poorly defined problem all the way to a well-structured solution. This transcends just software development, and can be used throughout one's daily existence if applied in a thoughtful manner.
Part 2 of Introduction to Systematic Programming focused primarily around How to Design Functions, or the HtDF method.
It's easy to start new project with PHP 5.4 and 5.5, which have been out for some time. However, jumping to a new version of the PHP interpreter is a leap that must be taken cautiously for medium and large applications, especially in the presence of technical debt (one of my favorite phrases).
Almost every PHP developer has had to build an application that relies on a user login. In PHP version 5.5, password hashing functions were introduced into the core, giving you access to four functions to use when hashing passwords and verifying a password.
Every week, we feature a new developer/blogger from the DZone community. This week we're talking to Jim Bird: agilist, software security expert, and CTO.
Blogger Steven Thomas wanted to base his adoption or non-adoption of pair programming on research. The best research on the topic that he found was from 6 years ago in Norway. While the results were underwhelming, I had some thoughts on the research.
Sometimes your Java or PHP application can't cope with any additional load, whether it's from high traffic or performance reducing tasks. So, how do you solve this issue quickly? We'll show you how to add PHP or Java application servers to your environment and synchronize your application data within seconds.
Discover best practices and the most useful tools for building the ideal integration architecture.
Want to be an MVB? There's a page for that.


text:
Tickets for Folk Fest 2015 (July 9-12) will go on pre-sale November 29, 2014!
Tickets are available at the Winnipeg Folk Festival Music Store (211 Bannatyne Ave.) and online or over the phone through Ticketmaster, 1-888-655-5354.
If you elected to pick up your tickets at the Festival ("Will Call") they will be held for you at either the Main Gate Box Office, Festival Campground Box Office or Quiet Campground Box Office depending on the type of ticket you purchased.
Children 12 and under get in FREE! Families are the heart of the Winnipeg Folk Festival community. Many fans grew up at the Folk Fest as children of our founding generation in the 70s and 80s and we want to keep the tradition of family alive. So there will be no charge for children 12 and under when accompanied by an adult, even if they're camping!
There are ten stages of music to explore at Folk Fest, some nestled in clearings in the woods, others in the middle of a prairie field with enough room to dance the afternoons away.


text:
One.. two.. thr-
here welcome to: forums > games > video game news > petition to ban skyrim?
here welcome to: forums > games > video game news > petition to ban skyrim?
Video Game News
What's going on? Find out here and talk about the newest video game news. Nintendo Wii U, Xbox 360, PS3, DS and PC.
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^ ^
"ThunderChild" wrote:This is just ridiculous. Not only is it interfering with our rights, the petitioner also said it was published by Blizzard. Good god, get your facts straight man! For the Government to censor such a popular game, I would think it would cause an uproar. How the hell are they going to get rid of every copy? Break down everyones doors and search 'em?
I'm Jacob, rustlin' jimmies is my thing.
...according to the prophecy
The 3rd account.
A great online version of the famous Candy Crush. This is the best game launched...
Have you ever fancied being a ranger like those fantasy characters you love so m...
You run across the city in a car chase with the police officers.
The evil master kidnapped all of your friends!
Explore the world or hang out with friends in your own condo. Get a unique look,...


text:
Hi Mitchell,
I'm always happy to read your informative Daily Dose posts. That's why it sadens me to vigorously object to your article's conclusion.
Why do you use DI in the first place? If the answer is 'To decouple your code', then why use a proprietary Spring annotation that will bind you to Spring in the long run?
XML configuration may be (is) a bore, but with the right tool, namely Spring IDE, it is the best solution in terms of decoupling.
Using standard (javax.inject.*) is an option, @Autowired is not.
I agree that the best decoupling is done through XML, but then again, how many project go down the Spring or EJB path and change their mind after a while? Bigger projects won't.
While I use @Inject as much as I can, the new annotations of Spring 3.0 are too good not to be used and when you already made the choice to go with Spring, you might as wel go all the way. If you don't want to be coupled to any framework, your development options will be severely limited. You'll be completely standards-compliant, but at what cost?
I think the main point of this article is that when you're using Spring, you're better off using annotations (and some XML for the corner cases).
Same here.
Autowiring an component scan is nice for small projects, but doesn't scale up to more complex logic. At my company we are currently removing a lot of componentscan/autowiring/gigaspace annotations and moving to a more centralized model (xml files). This make reuse of components a hell of a lot easier (we can wire up the same java objects in different ways for different environment) and it also make documentation a lot easier: you want to know what the system looks like and how dependency are configured? Look at the XML.
Some time ago I wrote a blog about it:
XML certainly isn't a good language for the configuration, but it beats autowiring crap anyday.
Peter Veentjer
Multiverse: Software Transactional Memory for Java
Hello All,
Your comments have helped me (and surely some other readers) understand this issue more broadly, so thank you. I'll take a look at your blog, Peter. It seems like this is an important topic that requires further analysis. I'd be happy to find more resouces on the subject of Autowiring vs. XML config, and more comments are welcome. It would be interesting to see how the XML config discussion has evolved since autowiring.
Don't be saddened. I welcome everyone's constructive criticism, and I thank you for it. Glad you like the Dose. :)
Thanks for your reply.
I found this Spring 3 example on the web that seems to use the ApplicationConfig class in the example like a module in Guice: http://etechguide.in/spring/spring3_annotation_di/
Do I have that right or am I just blowing smoke?
He he, notice that in my previous comment, I didn't say anything about autowiring?
Older people (like me...) remember that autowring can be used with XML. Well, guess what, I think it's a big error too. And the error gets bigger with bigger projects: haven't experienced it yet like Jonathan and Peter but it smells wrong... It happens when you rely too much on magic behind the scene. Add one more class and kaboom goes your DI! Good luck to you if you are adding features on an already developed application.@Lieven
I can't agree with you. Java and JEE, though flawed, have come to be one of the most successfull stack on the server-side. Before JPA, I used Hibernate. I still use it when JPA doesn't fit my needs. Yet, I try to always use standards, when they do not impair development time (like JDO and EJB 2 IMHO).
What if the Spring developers decided to remove @Autowired in the next version of Spring? I wouldn't be able to upgrade Spring's version. Experience have taught me that it never happened in the Java/JEE APIs and I try to build my applications to last. My current customer wants its applications to last 10 years at least: so standards never hurts (less the ones that do... see example above)
This post and my comment triggered an heated argument among my co-workers and me. Good job and thank you... but I still disagree with the content :-P
Everytime someone uses autowiring on any project of substantial size, a developer cries.
Honestly we have had nothing but problems when teams use, despite our recommendations, auto wiring.
XML configuration is:
1. Very explicit, you can'get any more explicit without doing it directly in Java.
2. Very readable and traceable even if I'm not using an IDE tool
3. Central
4. Very flexible, I can create and wire up beans any way I want, including different instances of the same class.
Autowiring on the other hand is:
1. Not explicit at all or requires you to use qualifiers
2. Not readable at all and not traceable unless you are using an IDE tool
3. Spread every where.
4. Adds an extra invisible layer of abstraction that hides what is really being done.
5. Must be done very carefully to prevent the oh oh I need to add a second data source to my project and I have it autowired over 500 classes, that I now have to go and add qualifiers too. BOOM.
6. Is near impossible to have a class where you inject different dependencies to change its behavior.
Another gripe might be that you can only get this functionality with the Spring Framework and not in standard Java.
Mitch, unless I missed something, Java CDI supports everything you mentioned in the article and more WRT annotation-based injection. It's certainly standard as part of Java EE 6 and at least Weld of the CDI implementations support running in the JDK.
You rarely need to use qualifiers in your configuration because there are other ways to solve these situations. The only disadvantage is that you will need to change the way you code slightly to make it interact more smoothly with autowiring. For example, a customer repository no longer implements the generic Repository<Customer> interface. Instead, you can write an interface CustomerRepository that extends Repository<Customer>. Also, you might need to tweak your coding for subclassing, but the side effect will be stronger typing.
You can use annotation qualifiers to avoid that problem. Of course CDI supports this and I'm pretty sure Spring does as well. I think a mix of annotation qualifiers and XML would be beneficial to many of the earlier commenters. An all or nothing approach of either has significant downsides. Using both techniques, you can choose the best place to apply both. For example, you might autowire services that really only compose in a single way to allow better code isolation practices, but anything you really intend to be configurable, leave to XML.
Good discussion!


text:
Conil de la Frontera House Rental Photos and Description
DVB-T TV, air conditioning throughout the house, garage
New house for 6-8 people, directly by the huge salt-water pool, without chlorine treatment. The pool measures approximately 12 x 18 metres (!), and is only 300 metres away from the sandy beach. Equipped with air conditioning, garage, only 500 metres to Conil
The house has two floors three bedrooms, plus 2 sofa beds in the living area, two bathrooms, one en suite, plus a guest toilet, DVB-T television, air conditioning throughout, private terraces with beautiful views of the pool and the gardens, sun loungers.
The house has its own small garden.
- Suitability:
- Long-term Renters Welcome
- children welcome
- pets not allowed
- suitable for elderly or infirm


text:
You can now filter search results with text. Example: "person: john" will search only person pages for "john".
Hush's plan enters its next phase, and this time it isn't Batman who's in the crosshairs.
The Great Culling is here. Things are getting pretty nutso for the Secret Avengers.
Didn't the Illuminati used to have a doctor? Strange, I wonder what he's been up to.
Volume »
Cole Burns' competition in the ice cream man business.
Cole Burns' lover.
A former journalist who was one of the recipients of the Attaché. He has since tried to learn more about the Trust and has crossed paths with many Minutemen.
The man Chucky Spinks owed money to when we meet him.
A former Minuteman hailing from Hawaii with serious psychopathic tendencies. He refused to rejoin Graves and has vowed to kill him for setting him up. After Shepherd's death he acted as the Warlord for the Trust.
Agent Graves is the shadowy figure that gives people an opportunity to right an injustice in their life by giving them 100 bullets, a gun, and undeniable evidence of the target's wrongdoing
A former Minuteman who became a liasion with the Trust. He was key in helping Graves save his old colleagues some of whom he has trained.
Since accepting the attache from Agent Graves her life was changed forever. Trained to be a Minuteman, she will be a key player. However as a pawn of Graves her true purpose still remains a mystery.
The second Minuteman to be activated. Nicknamed "The Wolf," Burns is Agent Graves' right hand man.
A friend of Mr. Branch.
A waitress whose daughter Tina ran away from home. Agent Graves told Lilly the bad news about Tina and offered her a chance to punish the man responsible who turned out to be her husband.
A street gambler who plays games of craps for nickel and dime stakes. He did seven years of prison for killing a young couple whilst driving drunk.
Lilly Roach's husband who molested their daughter Tina since she was seven years old.
A childhood friend of Chucky Spinks and the man who ruined his life.
Chucky's lover and partner in crime.
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Pension saving is not necessarily the best route for employees. Stephanie Baxter looks at why employers are considering offering a broader set of retirement savings options to their staff30 Oct 2014
Johnson Matthey has launched a corporate ISA which matches contributions up to 3% into the company's pension alongside a new flexible benefits scheme.01 Oct 2014
Corporate ISAs are often seen as a poor savings relation to pensions. Owain Thomas examines whether employers should start considering them as a key benefit for all members of their workforce.10 Jul 2014
From today savers will benefit from a near trebling of the cash ISA limit from £5,760 to £15,000 under new rules announced by the government in the Chancellor's Budget.01 Jul 2014
Operating seven different pension schemes would be demanding for most organisations, so it was not surprising when Pitney Bowes decided to amalgamate these arrangements into one plan. However, the choice of a self-invested personal pension (SIPP) will more than likely have raised some eyebrows.26 Jun 2014
With rising uncertainty regarding retirement for older workers, employers are finding it increasingly important to help plan a better future for their workforce. Owain Thomas reviews the issues discussed at WSB's Boosting Retirement Outcomes conference.09 Jun 2014
Chancellor George Osborne unveiled a "dramatic" change in the ISA system in today's Budget.19 Mar 2014
As technology becomes increasingly important to reward professionals, Owain Thomas examines how platforms can support the benefits role.20 Dec 2013
The government is considering action on increasing share scheme limits, Treasury minister David Gauke MP says.28 Nov 2013
The Treasury is exploring the idea of capping tax-free ISA allowances to crack down on 'ISA millionaires', while investigating plans to reduce the amount retirees can take as a tax-free lump sum.14 Oct 2013
Natasha Browne looks at how further automation, online platforms and Amazon-style engagement will help overcome the challenges of auto-enrolment.09 Oct 2013
How would you build a dream benefits package to suit your organisation? Owain Thomas asks three leading benefits professionals for their approach.07 Oct 2013
The vast majority of young adults are looking to their employer to help them with their retirement saving goals, according to research.07 Oct 2013
Almost half (46%) of employees don't appreciate the money their company pays into their workplace pension, according to a Hargreaves Lansdown survey of employers.02 Oct 2013
Friends Life has reported neutral asset flows into its corporate benefits platform despite staging over 40 schemes for auto-enrolment (AE), its interim results show.13 Aug 2013
Auto-enrolment (AE) "takes away savers' choices, treats them like children and should be overhauled", according to financial advisers True Potential.01 Aug 2013
Gerald Eve has introduced a corporate wrap scheme for its 350 UK-wide employees.15 May 2013
With the changing of the tax year, ISA season is beginning once again. Hannah Uttley investigates the benefits of corporate ISAs to employers and their staff.24 Apr 2013
The findings of a series of significant reports reveal key trends in the nation's finances. Owain Thomas discusses what they mean for benefits professionals.24 Apr 2013
Almost half of British pre-retirees are currently saving nothing for retirement, despite two-thirds (64%) expecting to rely on a pension for income, new research from J.P Morgan Asset Management has revealed.20 Mar 2013
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WSB is launching its 2015 Awards to identify the best the workplace savings and benefits arena has to offer. The awards will be presented at a black tie dinner on Thursday, 11 September at The Royal Garden Hotel in Kensington, London.
As The Pensions Regulator starts to bare its teeth and the changes mentioned in the Budget and Queens Speech start to come into force, it is essential that you understand your scheme and the processes you need to undertake to ensure it remains compliant. This guide looks at how to audit the key areas of your auto-enrolment scheme.
This report is essential reading for any employer wanting to address all aspects of wellbeing in the workplace. It highlights the impact of poor financial wellbeing on engagement and productivity and includes case studies that share key learnings and tips from which other organisations can benefit.
Sign up to receive your free copy of Workplace Savings & Benefits monthly magazine. WSB offers concise information to help FDs and HR Directors get the most out of existing benefits spend and use benefits strategy to more effectively recruit and retain staff.


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By Jef With One F
The 10 Biggest Rockers Living in Texas
By Rocks Off
By Chris Lane
By Angelica Leicht
By Corey Deiterman
Drake Returns to Warehouse Live
By Brando
By Angelica Leicht
6 Bands No One Noticed Broke Up
By Corey Deiterman
You have to hand it to Mark Farina: Whether you're on a crowded, pulsating dance floor or in the confines of your very own home, the Bay Area-based Chicagoan creates house mixes that oh-so-rarely leave you in an obtuse, sullen mood. He recently said, "I know it's dance music, but I'm trying to think of people listening to it in the car, in their house or on their headphones while going around."
While other prima-donna house DJs and they know who they are stubbornly create music that you can only appreciate while sweating it out with other clubbers, most of Farina's finest work (and that includes his patented, down-tempo Mushroom Jazz series) is soulful to the point of being soothing. One of the reliable stars of San Francisco's Om Records, the dude is the latest DJ to drop a House of Om mix CD. It once again reveals the unfeigned class, wit and humble respect for listeners that only Mark Farina can bring to the party.


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Interferon-regulatory factor-8 is essential for differentiation and function of dendritic cells and thus for the induction of competent immune responses. Here, we investigated the role of IRF-8 in affecting immune response against melanoma. Our results reveal a critical role of IRF-8 in controlling melanoma growth and suggest that IRF-8-mediated antitumor activity is the result of a coordinated action between DC-mediated immune response and the tumor suppressor function of IRF-8.
We present two computer programs: 1) AIMS in silico - a suggestion tool for Amplification of Intermethylated Sites experimental design and results analysis; and 2) PeakPick – a tool to view & analyse capillary electrophoregrams Our computer software is intended to standardize AIMS applications and to turn it into one of the principal approaches towards cancer methylomes studies as well as towards diagnostics in oncology, including early screening.
Although null p-values are assumed to be uniformly distributed in gene expression experiments, the actual distribution often deviates from the assumed distribution. This can incorrectly associate the biology of a geneset with cancer prognosis in geneset-based survival studies. To assess the implications of this, a geneset-based method was developed. This method empirically approximates the distribution of null p-values and tests whether predefined sets of biologically-related genes are associate
One of the first primary care antiretroviral treatment programs in Africa shows good patient outcomes at 5 years. Saturation of services has led to increased losses to follow-up.
To examine the relationship between panic attack and suicide risk, we analyzed data from a representative epidemiological survey of 43,093 adults (NESARC) using logistic regression controlling for socio-demographic and clinical variables. In depression, panic attacks are associated with increased odds of suicide attempt even after controlling for demographic and clinical variables. Furthermore, panic attacks can differentiate those who attempt suicide from those with ideation only.
The purpose of this study were to examine if the mRNA of the peripheral dopamine receptor is changed in schizophrenia patients. 50 Naive patients were enrolled. After extracting RNA from white blood cells, cDNA is synthesized. After doing the quantitative Real-time PCR, expression of D3 receptors in healthy persons and patients were compared. Results of this examinations reveals that expression of D3 receptor is increased in compared with controls sample.
This poster showcases our review of interventions that were found to be effective in reducing ambulatory sensitive hospitalisations (ASH). ASH refers to those conditions where hospitalisations an be avoided by measures taken by clinicians and other carers at outpatient departments or in the community.
The heart-wood of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. is reported to be used in traditional medicinal practices, of which anti-inflammatory is one. The present work evaluates the effect of the heart-wood extract on the carrageenan induced rat paw edema. The drug was found to be active at lowest of 3 doses tried. the drug can be said to posses anti-inflamatory activity but needs further evaluation of discover the pathway of the same.
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Highlights of the Four Nations Final from the Westpac Stadium, Wellington
Highlights of the Four Nations match between Australia & Samoa
Highlights of the Four Nations match between New Zealand & England
Mum's the word this Sunday at ANZ Stadium when the Dragons and the Bulldogs clash in the Mother's Day blockbuster in Round 9.
Fri 09 May 2014, 9:20AM | Source: NRL
The NRL will strengthen concussion rules to make clubs more responsible for identifying and assessing players that may have suffered a concussive injury.
Wed 07 May 2014, 5:00PM | Source: NRL
NRL chief operating officer Jim Doyle has announced a series of changes to the NRL salary cap to take effect from 2015.
Wed 07 May 2014, 4:10PM | Source: NRL
The NRL today updated the 16 club CEOs on a range of issues including changes to the salary cap and club funding, and the impact of the new rule changes.
Wed 07 May 2014, 4:00PM | Source: NRL
There's no better place to be this Mother's Day than at ANZ Stadium for the 'mother of all battles' between traditional foes St George Illawarra and Canterbury.
Tue 06 May 2014, 11:00AM | Source: NRL
The NRL said it would issue a two-match suspension to a NSW Under-20s player for breaching the League's anti-vilification policy.
Mon 05 May 2014, 4:20PM | Source: NRL.com
More than 130 women will take part in the NRL's inaugural leadership workshop series, announced at the launch of the 2014 Harvey Norman Women in League Round.
Mon 05 May 2014, 2:45PM | Source: NRL
The NRL Match Review Committee will be asked to investigate an alleged homophobic slur in the Holden Under 20s State of Origin match yesterday.
Sun 04 May 2014, 4:30PM | Source: NRL
The Kangaroos and Kiwis will pay tribute to the children of fallen and injured soldiers with the mid-season Test supporting the Commando Welfare Trust.
Thu 01 May 2014, 1:45PM | Source: NRL
The NRL today unveiled plans for a "job for life" for injured Newcastle player Alex McKinnon.
Wed 30 April 2014, 8:10AM | Source: NRL


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Fugitive lip biter arrested in California
Nov 6, 2014
Jonathan E. Benedict
Oct 30, 2014
Darrell W. Cook
Oct 2, 2014
Michael Polchies
Sep 25, 2014
Home » News » Crime
Fugitive caught after FBI spots fingerprint disparity during Hooksett booking
On Jan. 24, Hooksett Police arrested a man after he allegedly attempted to steal a desktop monitor, cardboard boxes, a large dog bed, and a hat from the Walmart on Commerce Drive. Walking past the checkout lines and to the door with his cart, he was stopped by loss prevention and subsequently detained by officer Muzafer Aku. The man, who had no identification, gave his name as George Burpee, 61, of Allenstown, providing a Social Security number and an address. All of this information checked out with the driver's license information for a George Burpee.
He was released on $2,000 personal recognizance bail and was set to be arraigned Feb. 27.
On Jan. 25, however, Detective Caitlin Rebe got a notice from the FBI: the man's fingerprints didn't match Burpee.
Rebe, the State Police, and the FBI compared prior arrest photographs. They were able to determine that the man was 53-year-old Richard William Hamilton, wanted by State Police on an active felony warrant for a "failure to report" parole violation, as well as on four felony charges of check forgery in Epsom.
Hamilton had been placed on house arrest in July 2011. In early 2012, he was placed on "escape status" after he cut off his ankle bracelet and disappeared. Burpee was Hamilton's roommate in Allenstown. Hamilton had been using his information to avoid capture.
He was arrested "without incident" in Allenstown by Hooksett and New Hampshire State Police.
Plaistow Police arrested Hamilton on Jan. 21 on shoplifting charges. He gave Burpee's information to them as well. According to Plaistow Police, the FBI did not tip them off on Hamilton's true identity, and they had not heard of the discovery until a reporter's inquiry. Plaistow Police confirmed that Hamilton was the man they had arrested.
"The failure is, we talk about local, federal, and state agencies sharing information, but that isn't happening," said Plaistow Police Lt. William Baldwin. "We had him in our hands He could've gotten away."
The delay for Plaistow may have been a question of technology. According to Rebe, Hooksett Police uses a fingerprinting system called Live Scan, which automatically sends prints directly to the FBI. Plaistow Police use the ink-and-pad method.
Hooksett Police will charge Hamilton with identity fraud, obstruction of government administration and two charges of willful concealment. He is being held at New Hampshire State Prison. Other aliases Hamilton has used include Albert Baroser, Albert Barrows, and Steven Valido, all with different Social Security numbers and dates of birth.
- Manchester carpenter indicted in Nashua rape - 0
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Nashua driver charged after man falls off car's hoodREADER COMMENTS: 1
- Attorney General investigating injury of toddler in Nashua - 0
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- UPDATED: Teen driver dies after being pulled from icy waters in Londonderry - 5
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- Winning $100,000 lottery ticket sold in Laconia - 0
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Sources say former White House Chief of Staff Andy Card to be tapped as Franklin Pierce president
Clinton has 'historic' lead in poll
Pipes and plans: A chance to show up Mass.
Pipes and plans: A chance to show up Mass.
Manchester school exec contract squeaks by
Your Turn, NH -- Mike Moffett: Republicans can win in 2016 with Kasich at the top of the ticket
- Whom do you think bears the brunt of the blame for the mayhem this weekend in Keene?
- KSC students
- 37%
- KSC administration
- 2%
- Police
- 6%
- Visitors from out of town
- 18%
- A combination of any/all of the above
- 37%
- Total Votes: 2483


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Food Groups Teacher Resources
Find Food Groups educational ideas and activities
Showing 1 - 20 of 940 resources
What's That Food?
Get things cooking with the first lesson in this series on the science of food. Working in small groups, young scientists make and record observations about different mystery foods. These descriptions are then shared with the class and facilitate a discussion on the six basic food groups.
K - 5th Science CCSS: Adaptable
New Review Learn the Food Groups Memory Game
Help youngsters sharpen their memories and learn the food groups with this classic matching activity! Learners take turns flipping over cards with fun images of different fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and proteins until they can find a match.
K - 1st Health CCSS: Adaptable
Growing Minds: My Plate
Examine food choices and the nutritional properties of food groups with this visually appealing whole-class lesson plan. This will take a bit of preparation, but once you do it, you can use the materials for years. Using a food groups poster and a blank "my plate" poster (pictured, but not included), learners observe healthy proportions and food group ratios.
Pre-K - 2nd Health CCSS: Designed
Build a Burger
Here is an outstanding instructional activity on food groups, nutrition, and diet. In it, learners focus on hamburgers! They take a close look at the products that go into making a hamburger, conduct taste tests on samples, discuss the nutritional value of hamburgers, and draw picutres of their ideal hamburger.
1st - 4th Health
Simple Keys and Nutrition
An inventive and engaging lesson on nutrition, food groups, and the food pyramid is here for you. In it, young dieticians learn about the basics of nutrition. They use the book, Frog and Toad are Friends, to help them foster discussion about healthy eating, and utilize a nifty worksheet embedded in the plan that helps them understand what food group certain foods belong in.
3rd English Language Arts
Energy Plus!
"Energy Plus!" from Together Counts is three days worth of lessons, discussions, and activities about nutrition. The materials help you teach youngsters about eating healthy and burning calories. Energy in and energy out. Included are information on nutrition labels and food groups, links to fact sheets, a worksheet, and the website for dietary guidelines.
3rd - 5th Health
Fourth graders identify food groups, foods that fit into those groups, and look at the nutritional value of each food group. They also discover how to interpret and understand food labels. The whole class makes some burgers and fries, and puts all of the food (and condiments used) into the proper food groups to see if they are having a balanced meal.
4th Health
Nutrition: A Thematic Unit
Young learners explore nutrition and the food groups in these two mini-lesson plan ideas. First, kindergarteners have a discussion about their health and how different foods contribute to it before making their own personal food pyramid. Then for homework, they bring in food labels and use them to make a 'plate' of healthy foods in correct proportions.
1st Visual & Performing Arts
Let's Eat!
Students identify and interpret the food groups and nutrition. They listen to a book, list prior knowledge of foods and nutrition, and sort the foods into various food groups. Students then identify various foods by listening to clues as they are read aloud and create an Idea Web.
1st - 2nd English Language Arts
Home Living/ Daily Living: Food Groups
What are the best foods to eat, and how much is too much? Kids discuss the importance of eating the right amount of each of the four food groups. They discuss the food pyramid and make meals by cutting and pasting foods from a magazine on a paper plate.
3rd - 8th Health
Does Your Diet Stack Up?
An interesting way to learn about dietary requirements, this resource prompts learners to look at what someone in the U.S. eats and compare it to what someone in South America eats. They discuss the social, religious, psychological, emotional and cultural elements that guide decisions on what we eat.
5th - 10th Health
Eating Right with a Little Help from the VT
Students determine food groups and design a balanced menu plan. In this food pyramid lesson, students use the VisualThesaurus to write a definition of each food group and find foods in each group, then use this information to plan create a balanced diet plan for one day.
3rd - 8th Health


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I will be out of the country for 2 years and my son whats to finish high school in the US. His Mom wants him to go too, but he doesn't want to go. His Mom also has a husband that does drugs and can not afford to provide care.
I don't know if she will agree to our son staying at grandma's as they never had a good relationship. Grandma is the most logical care provider as she lives close to the close to the school, has the money and means to provide for our son. The mother will end up seeing her son more regularly this way and he will not be left stranded for 3 hours for Mom to finish work to pick him up from school.
If there is an active Family Law Case, a Guardianship cannot be established. The Family Court can give Grandmother legal Custody. If you and mother agree this would be best then you can submit a written agreement to the court, make sure Grandmother consents in writing and the court can grant Grandmother custody.
It is important to seek competent legal advice when involved in any litigation, including child custody. The above in intended solely for educational purposes and is not legal advice. No attorney-client relationship exists by means of this answer.
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Park Distinguished Visitor John Seely Brown
Contributed by Melissa Gattine on 10/15/2004
Read more . . . (177 words)
Finger Lakes Film Festival Gala Opening on October 22
Contributed by Patricia Zimmermann on 10/15/2004
Read more . . . (106 words)
Reading and Book Signing by Lavon Morris-Grant
Contributed by Andrejs Ozolins on 10/15/2004
Read more . . . (257 words)
Advocacy Center 27th Annual Meeting
Contributed by Andrejs Ozolins on 10/15/2004
The Advocacy Center, our local provider of services to those affected by domestic violence and sexual abuse, invites you to join us for our 27th annual meeting on Thursday, October 28, 5:30-7:00 pm.
Read more . . . (134 words)
US Attorney Michael Battle to Speak at Ithaca College
Contributed by Rosalie Fitzgerald on 10/15/2004
Michael A. Battle '77, the US attorney for the Western District of New York, will speak at Ithaca College on "Fighting Terrorism and Prosecutorial Power" at 4:00 p.m. in Emerson C on Thursday, October 21.
Read more . . . (117 words)
Family Weekend October 29-31
Contributed by Doreen Hettich-Atkins on 10/14/2004
The 2004 Family Weekend will be held October 29-31. A full listing of events for the weekend is available on line -- Ithaca College Family Weekend.
Read more . . . (189 words)
Colloquium Schedule for Late October
Contributed by Susanne Morgan on 10/14/2004
Once again the noontime Colloquium Series offers a variety of interesting and engaging programs.
Read more . . . (241 words)
Trial Election
Contributed by Terry Martinez on 10/14/2004
On Wednesday, October 20, all members of the Ithaca College community are invited to cast their vote for president in the IC trial election.
Read more . . . (81 words)
Publication by Srijana Bajracharya
Contributed by Srijana Bajracharya on 10/14/2004
Srijana Bajracharya, Carol Bell, and Steve Bowler published an article titled, Partnership for a Healthy Community: A Tobacco Prevention Program in Central Aroostook County (CAC) in the September/October 2004 issue of American Journal of Health Education, volume 35, No. 5, 305-308.
Read more . . . (78 words)
Physics Cafe -- Seeing beneath the Soil
Contributed by Susanna Stumpe on 10/14/2004
On Tuesday, November 9, at 7:30 pm, in the Emerson Suites, Ithaca College's own Professor Michael Rogers will speak about ground-based remote sensing.
Read more . . . (77 words)
Possible Holiday Bus Trip
Contributed by Mary Askew on 10/13/2004
The Bus Trip Committee, a Staff Council committee, is actively working on reviving the bus trip program. The committee is comprised of five individuals who are responsible for planning and coordinating the IC bus trips.
Read more . . . (153 words)
Student Driver Safety Class - Another Opportunity to Register
Contributed by Kristine Slaght on 10/13/2004
Students 21 years old and over who will be driving Ithaca College vehicles may register for the next class on Sunday, November 14, from 2:00-4:00 pm, in Textor 101.
Read more . . . (118 words)
Cycling Class Thursday and Friday
Contributed by Kathy Farley on 10/13/2004
A lot of people have expressed interest in spinning "group cycling" class on Thursday, October 14, and Friday, October 15, during fall break.
Read more . . . (49 words)
Sustainability Lecture, October 21: Design, Systems, and Organizational Change
Contributed by Marian Brown on 10/12/2004
Richard Buchanan will speak on "Design, Systems, and Organizational Change" on Thursday, October 21 at 7:00 pm in Williams 225.
Read more . . . (284 words)
Sustainability Café Speaker: Richard Buchanan, October 21
Contributed by Marian Brown on 10/12/2004
Richard Buchanan will present a Sustainability Café during his visit to campus on Thursday, October 21.
Read more . . . (283 words)
Emerson Halloween Trick-or-Treating October 24
Contributed by John Malsam on 10/12/2004
Emerson Hall is hosting its annual trick-or-treating program for faculty and staff to bring their kids.
Read more . . . (27 words)
Second Annual Ithaca College Veterans Day Celebration
Contributed by Irene Scott on 10/12/2004
The second annual Ithaca College Veterans Day celebration will be held from 12:05-1:00 p.m. on Thursday, November 11, in the Emerson Suites.
Read more . . . (220 words)
Alumnus on Friday CBS Show, Dr. Vegas
Contributed by Maura Stephens on 10/12/2004
Watch an IC alumnus on the CBS show "Dr. Vegas" this Friday night, October 15, at 10:00 p.m. EDT.
Read more . . . (42 words)
Learning Math Opportunity for Children
Contributed by Dani Novak on 10/11/2004
Children will have an opportunity to explore mathematics together with a college student. They will prepare a project to present at a math community event on December 5.
Read more . . . (22 words)
Forum with FCC Commissioner Copps, Representative Hinchey
Contributed by Melissa Gattine on 10/11/2004
Media Ownership: Past, Present, Future -- a public forum with Congressman Maurice Hinchey, FCC Commissioner Michael Copps, and local experts -- will be held Tuesday, October 19, 2:30-4:30 p.m. in Emerson Suites, B and C.
Read more . . . (169 words)
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Online video expert Johnathan Lewis, owner of Johnathan Production, explains the benefits of having online videos via social media. He also shares tips and key points that has helped his business get to where it is today. These sources of information were very helpful and opened our eyes to the new world of videos!
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Marvel Releases Two 'Captain America 2' Deleted Scenes (Video)
The corruption of SHIELD is on full display in these two short scenes cut from the theatrical version of the Russo Brothers' movie.
Ahead of the home release of Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Marvel Studios has released two deleted scenes from the movie to remind you of a time when Marvel movies were slightly more grounded than reaching for the stars.
Both scenes run a little over one minute in length, and demonstrate the extent of HYDRA's infiltration of SHIELD, with Maria Hill (Cobie Smulders) and Agent 13 (Emily VanCamp) being faced with senior officers—including Robert Redford's Alexander Pierce—issuing orders that go against their better natures. (Watch both scenes below.)
STORY Comic-Con: 'Captain America: Winter Soldier' Directors Heading to 'Agent Carter'
Alongside Guardians of the Galaxy, Captain America: The Winter Soldier cemented Marvel's cinematic dominance this year, with the studio holding two of the top three box office openings of the year to date (Only Michael Bay's Transformers: Age of Extinction had a more successful opening than either, making $100 million in its first weekend against Cap's $95 million and Guardians' $94 million). The movie also managed to introduce two new characters into the Marvel Cinematic Universe, and set up the climactic storyline of the first season of ABC's Agents of SHIELD TV series.
Directed by Joe and Anthony Russo and starring Chris Evans, Scarlett Johansson and Anthony Mackie, the movie will be released for digital download August 19, with the Blu-ray and DVD release following September 9.