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Internet video take-up to be driven by TVs, Blu-ray Players
Blu-ray Disc players and HD TVs will drive the domestic take-up of internet video services, it has been claimed. Market watcher IMS Research has said that, worldwide, internet video device shipments will leap 78 per cent year on year during 2010. While set-top boxes, games consoles and media extenders will play a part, it'll be …
It's a nice idea, but I think the problem is that there is a lack of standardisation and there is such fragmentation nothing is likely to be developed soon.
For example, I have recently bought a sony TV and a blu ray play. Both support some form of access to the internet (applicast for the sony and vieracast for the panasonic). Both are closed formats that I assume you need to license before applications can be developed.
I would like iplayer on one of them, but it's unlikely because I imagine the bbc has a huge queue of devices to port iplayer to, and for each one you have to go through the rigmarole of getting licenses etc (and worry about who is going to pay for it).
In the absence of standards a better approach would be for the manufacturers to publicly release enough details for people to be able to develop apps themselves. As it stands they will just frustrate people who bought these things on the basis of having some useful internet functionality and in reality getting something pretty useless.
-- Harry
78% is conservative
We are about to hit the tipping point where suddenly it will be normal in TVs and blu-rays and growth could be 300% because it comes with products being bought anyway.
The article mentions the iPlayer beta test on Freesat. Last night my Sony Freesat TV updated and was able to access the test. Page 5483 on BBCi. Worked well.
TV over the Internet is going to explode.
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Sensory ?s for moms that have been there
Find a Conversation
|Sun, 05-25-2003 - 3:51pm
|Mon, 05-26-2003 - 11:57am
Wear underwear and socks inside out.
Have all tops soft, large and loose, be aware of large necklines and armholes. Don't get anything that has a band or ribbing on the sleeves or waist, shop at a 2nd hand store to get soft and worn cotton. If it shrinks, it won't fit the same next time and may cause problems.
Overalls might be good or the shoulder straps may bother him.
For pants and shorts, try and get loose waists on them maybe with light elastic and a drawstring, usually velour or a soft stretchy material works best. Jeans, cords, and non stretchy cotton have constricting waistbands and are usually not liked. If you find something he really likes, buy one of each color if you can. Also as he is young and still growing you might want to look at getting the next size up as well. If you can find pants or shorts that are lined with the seams all on the inside that tends to work very well.
Polyester and nylon also works very well sometimes. Soft and/or slippery materials were always(and still are) the best for us.
Shoes or slippers are not required in the house, so don't worry about it. If you find a pair of shoes that seem to fit better than the rest (ie he's not bothered too much by them), again buy a 2nd pair in the next size up.
Don't worry about variety, if he wears the same thing each day but is happy, who cares.
There are some other things to try, like brushing (can find info from an OT or by searching for SI/brushing on the net), preasure on the joints etc.., I just tried to help from the clothing point of view.
HTH, from a BTDT Mom
|Wed, 06-04-2003 - 1:25pm
I think the best thing might be to find the simplest clothes you can and take out the tags and anything you think might bother him. My grandaughter was like that and even now at age 6 we just let her run around in her undies when she's at home, and even those we sometimes have a hard time keeping them on. But we have had to make her see that she at least had to keep her undies on cause she is getting too old to wear nothing, which is what she would prefer. I wish you luck, I know it's not easy dealing with a child who has problems. If you want to chat, feel free to write anytime. Iseirra
|Thu, 06-05-2003 - 2:09am
|Thu, 06-05-2003 - 2:37pm
I am new in ivillage and I was browsing through the site and came across your story about ur son...my daughter who is 10 now went through the same problem u r having with ur son...she still can't stand the seams in socks but she's getting better with dealing with it. When she was a baby she couldn't stand anything that trapped her feet or hands she even disliked having a blanket put on her at night and still at the age of 10 I find myself putting her blanket back on her at night where she throws it down on the floor...she hated the fact that something was on her hands. Tags in shirts are still a problem with her but I find that by opening the seam and taking the tag off and resewing the area I don't have much trouble with her wearing them but as for clothing with waist bands until age 4 I had to put her in what is called Bubble pants (better known as bib over alls) my younger son didn't like waist bands either but after the age of 3 or 4 he out grew that stage and won't wear nothing but Jeans to this day. As for shoes, might be because we lived in the south but even I hate shoes and socks and as a kid I barely wore them only in cold weather..:-)I hardly wear them, my daughter is the same way. I think it is a stage children go through. Hope I helped a little bit
take care and god bless u
|Wed, 06-18-2003 - 9:39pm
Anyway, I read a case writeup about a boy who needed all the tags cut off his clothes. He was treated homeopathically with Belladonna, and it really helped him. Not saying that Belladonna would be the right thing for your child, but it may be worthwhile running it by a homeopath.
They said Belladonna was good for high fevers, hypersensitivity to noise touch and heat, desire to escape, shrieking, tantrums, fear of water dark and storms.
This particular child used to have tantrums; needed tags cut off all clothes; barked like a dog; growled; wet the bed; had red cheeks; and slept poorly.
Anyway, this is a really interesting book, to see the child's behavior, and then see what the naturapathic physicians prescribe in the way of homeopathy. Their website is www.healthyhomeopathy.com

subset: commoncrawl


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Hey guys!
I need a new person to come in to help out with things. Hey guys we are currently looking for co webs here at the site. I am looking for someone to help with the updates of the site including updating news, photos and more. Obviously need someone with knowledge of Coppermine and WordPress.
If you're interested, please email us, at (email@example.com) with examples of your work.
I've updated the gallery with screencaptures of "Resident Evil" movies. Resident Evil: Apocalypse and Resident Evil: Retribution.
Updated: Resident Evil: Afterlife
Film Productions > Resident Evil: Retribution (2012) > DVD Captures
+ Film Productions > Resident Evil: Afterlife (2010)
Milla and Paul have the online interview on Asahi TV witch are translated in Japan
Milla announced that she is pregnant with another baby girl.
Milla Jovovich broke the news to E! News tonight at the amFAR LA Inspiration Gala that she's expecting another baby girl. "We found out. We're having a girl," she excitedly tells us on the red carpet.
Mila, who looked gorgeous in a red Donna Karan gown, said their daughter Ever Gabo Anderson was hoping she was going to get a little sister.
"I don't know what we would have done if the baby was a boy," she said.
Little Ever has also been telling her parents to refrain from buying any new clothes for the baby. And not because she's being jealous or anything. In fact, she's already willing to share!
"She keeps saying, 'Don't get her anything new. She can wear all my clothes,'" Jovovich says, and adds with a laugh, "She's so economical."
Milla admitted she was a little nervous to walk the carpet with her baby bump, because it's been a while since she's done one of these things pregnant, but told us, "I'm super happy. I feel really good today."
Yesterday (October 29) Milla and Paul attends at the amfAR Inspiration Gala in Los Angeles. Check some pictures:
Milla have the new animation project Savva: Heart of the Warrior where she voices Savva. The project realised in Spring 2015. Director of the animation is Maksim Fadeev. Here you can see the trailer of the animation:
Animation storyline:
An international animation project that is coming out in Russian and English languages. It is a fairytale about a grand life journey of a 10-year old boy Savva devoted to help his Mom and fellow village people to break free from the vicious hyenas. Trying to escape from hyenas Savva finds himself in a magical world he had only heard stories of. That is where he meets the white wolf Angee, a hilarious tiny pink creature Puffy, a strange looking semi-baron FAFL and his passenger, as well as Nanty, Shaman's charming daughter. New friends help Savva through his journey to the Magician that lives on a mountain and, as legend has it, might help Savva free his village from the angry hyenas. However, each of them have their own reasons to see the magician that some of them keep only to themselves. On their way to the Magician the friends will face multiple dangers, pleasant and unpleasant surprises, discover terrifying secrets and even have a battle with a monkey army, led by the cruel and treacherous Mom JoZee – a three-headed monkey queen. "SAVVA-Heart of the Warrior" is a story about a big dream, true friendship and growing strong at heart to overcome difficulties together. It is an exciting and bright animated fairytale.
Yesterday (October 22) Milla Jovovich attends at the ASPCA Cocktail Party in Beverly Hills.
Milla looked good in a patterned sleeveless LBD, which she teamed with a pair of shiny silver heels. She accessorised the look with a small silver bag draped over her shoulder and a jewelled watch on her wrist. Milla wore her medium-length brunette tresses down and kept her make-up minimal while completing the look with a swipe of red lipstick.
Milla Jovovich's fans on Twitter apparently have been missing chatting with the actress, but the "Resident Evil" star has decided not to speak to strangers in social media. Jovovich opened up about the decision in a series of tweets she sent out on Tuesday, October 14, saying that her family was threatened by a stalker.
"A lot of my followers [have] been asking why i don't chat on here anymore. unfortunately, my family was threatened last year by a stalker," she wrote. "After contacting authorities, I was told to absolutely stop talking to people I don't know on social forums. Now that sucks for all the cool people I got to know on here, but my family comes first and I cannot take any chances when it comes to them."
She additionally expressed her disappointment at not being able to chat with her fans.
"It makes me feel sad that I have to be distant with you all, as it is not my nature. I have not stopped posting altogether, as was suggested but personal contact with individuals is at an end. [It's] too bad that the rotten apple spoils the bunch, but its the reality," she explained.
Milla Jovovich told "passing strangers" about her pregnancy before anyone else.
The 38-year-old actress and her husband Paul W.S. Anderson are expecting their second child together and the filmmaker admitted both the 'Resident Evil' star and their daughter Ever, six, couldn't wait to share the happy news.
Talking exclusively to BANG Showbiz, Paul shared: "[Ever] is super, super excited. When we told her she ran out into the street and started telling passing strangers. The first person to know [that Milla is pregnant] was one of our neighbours, walking her dog past our house.
"But [Ever] tells absolutely everybody that she meets that her mother is pregnant, she's so proud of her mum and really excited to have a younger sibling. Probably someone to boss around but she's really excited about it."
The director then joked about how his daughter was secretly hoping for a little girl.
He added: "She, of course, would like a little sister to boss around. But she would settle for a little brother if she had to."
Paul admitted that their new arrival will impact his film career, after previously announcing that the filming of 'Resident Evil: The Final Chapter' will be delayed until next year to accommodate Milla's pregnancy.
The 49-year-old filmmaker added: "The older your family get and the more they get rooted in school, the more that weighs quite heavily on your decisions of, do I want to go away for such a long period of time?"
Making of #EstrenaOtoño for El Corte Inglés
Today we have a new trailer for the upcoming "Cymbeline" crime drama, starring Ed Harris, Ethan Hawke, Milla Jovovich, John Leguizamo, Anton Yelchin and Penn Badgley.
The new movie is directed by Michael Almereyda. It has yet to get a release date, but is expected to get a Spring 2015 release.


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Up to 40% Savings! $17 and $29 for Tickets to Disney On Ice presents Treasure Trove at the Rogers Centre ($28 and $45 regular) *Applicable service fees applySpecial savings for Disney On Ice presents Treasure Trove at the Rogers Centre DEC. 20-28, 2014! LIMITED TIME OFFER Get Code! $0
$28 Discount
39% You Save
11h 10m 38s
Press the pink BUY button to get your Peachy Buy code sent to you (code is located on the top left hand side of your voucher)
Redeem code at www.ticketmaster.ca
*Please read carefully to ensure discount is applied
To access Peachy Buy tickets enter the promo code in the Offer Code Box
Once you enter the code tickets at Price Level 3 (Select Level 100 and Select Field Level Riser seating) will change to $29 ($45 regular) and Price Level 4 (Rear Level 100 seating ) will change to $17 ($28 regular) plus applicable fees
Select your seats and select the Peachy Buy ticket option
Applicable service charges apply / Approximately $9.05 per ticket - (Click on "details" on the Ticketmaster checkout page for more information
This offer is not valid on VIP or Rinkside seats / Not valid with other offers
If you require assistance redeeming your code email us at email@example.com
Save up to 40% on tickets to Disney On Ice presents Treasure Trove at the Rogers Centre this December!
Please note that the promo code will only be available for a LIMITED TIME and will expire at the conclusion of this special offer
Promo code is valid for select performances so please see deal "details"
Enter the worlds of your favourite Disney Princesses, Rapunzel, Cinderella, Jasmine, Ariel, Sleeping Beauty, Belle, Mulan, Tiana and Snow White
Set sail with Peter Pan and Tinker Bell
Trek to Africa with Simba, Nala, Timon and Pumbaa
Disney On Ice sets the gold standard with its newest skating spectacular
Disney On Ice
Do you have a question about today's deal?
Good Morning Peachy Buy Moms!
By now you must know just how much we love to offer exclusive offers to great shows. Today we have a fantastic deal on tickets to Disney On Ice presents Treasure Trove at the Rogers Centre this December 20 to the 28th, 2014. But please note that this promo code is only available until early next week and WILL EXPIRE so hurry and purchase your seats today.
Today on Peachy Buy you can access a code to get tickets to performances of Disney On Ice presents Treasure Trove for up to 40% off. With this offer you can get Select Level 100 and Select Field Level Riser tickets for only $29. The regular value of these seats is $45. Rear Level 100 tickets are only $17 with this offer. The regular value of these seats is $28. Please note that regular ticketmaster fees will still apply.
Visit www.disneyonice.com for more information about the show. Redeem your code at www.ticketmaster.ca and please follow the instructions on your Peachy Buy voucher.
Discover endless riches when Disney On Ice presents Treasure Trove comes to Toronto! Get Tangled up with Rupunzel an Flynn and enter the worlds of your other favourite Disney princesses, Tiana, Cinderella, Jasmine, Ariel, Sleeping Beauty, Snow White and more. Set sail with Peter Pan and Tinker Bell an an adventure beyond Never Land. Trek to Africa with Simba and Nala and discover the true meaning of the "Circle of Life." Don't be late to a very important date with Alice and the Mad Hatter. Be sure to see this show full of memories guaranteed to last a lifetime!
Enjoy and remember to get your tickets as soon as you can.


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c'mon people, don't be the battered wife
Submitted by Ed Ucation on Sun, 03/03/2013 - 19:14. Permalink
"He won't do it again, He is starting to see things our way. This time he means it." All Glenn Beck is doing is corrupting the libertarian message.
"Although it was the middle of winter, I finally realized that, within me, summer was inextinguishable." — Albert Camus
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Posts tagged two-guys-from-andromeda
Two Guys from Andromeda open Spaceventure store
If you missed out on all of the sweet pre-ordering and swag action of the Spaceventure Kickstarter, the Two Guys from Andromeda have you covered. The Spaceventure store is now open for business, offering protagonist Ace Hardway as a collectible card for $15, or on a shirt for $30. Also available is...
Two Guys from Andromeda Kickstart their 'SpaceVenture'
When the "Two Guys from Andromeda," designers of the Space Quest series, announced their plans to reunite for a new sci-fi adventure game, we noted the surprising lack of a Kickstarter drive. Well, surprise! There's a Kickstarter drive now. The Guys (Mark Crowe and Scott Murphy) are seeking the inc...
Space Quest creators reunite for new 'Spaceventure'
Scott Murphy and Mark Crowe, the "Two Guys from Andromeda" responsible for the classic Space Quest series of Sierra On-Line adventure games have reunited and are hard at work creating a new Spaceventure™ game. While details are slim at the moment, the new title is said to incorporate the "sa...
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Assassin's Creed Rogue review: Avast ye, clone!
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Tasty and very easy to make. Kids just love it !!!
A superb recipe! Kids absolutely adore it and since it is baked, I don't hesitate either! Really superb! thanks.
Mouth-Watering Smoothies for the Whole Family
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Ongoing Children's Programs
Learn more about "Reading to the Dogs" & "Reading to the Cat and Dogs" - Read the article below the monthly children's department news to learn more about these programs. Check the monthly news to learn the date and location of the reading sessions. There are no programs in May or August. Registration is always required by the day before the reading session. You may register by phone or in person.
Lapsit for babies & toddlers who are too young to sit quietly for the regular story time and their parents or other caregivers. Mondays at 10:30 am and 11:15 am in the Children's Program Room. Lead by Volunteer Amanda Barche Lindberg from Ivy Tech. This is a good opportunity for families to make new friends and have fun at the library.
Story time is held each Tuesday at 10:30 am, Thursday at 4:00 pm, and Friday at 10:30 am in the Children's Program Room. Come and listen to Miss Linda read stories and help children create a craft. Parents and caregivers are expected to attend with their children. Programs are designed for 2 to 5 year olds, but older children are welcome to attend.
Many other special programs are held throughout the year.
Children's Department News - November 2014
Weekly Activities in the Children's Department
Preschool story times: Tuesday & Friday: 10:30 a.m.; Thursdays at 4:00 p.m.
Story times are for children ages 2 and older and their families or caregivers.
November 4, 6 & 7: Library stories: Library Book for Bear & Library Lion.
November 11, 13 &14: New books: Bear Sees Colors and Hibernation Station.
November 18, 20 & 21: Thanksgiving books & craft.
November 25: New books: The Way to the Zoo and I Love My Hat.
***There will be no story times on Thursday, Nov. 27 and Friday, Nov. 28.***
Lap Sit every Monday at 10:30 and 11:15 a.m. in the Children's Activity Room. This program is for babies, toddlers and their families or caregivers. Make new friends while listening to simple stories and learning finger plays and songs.
November Events
Friends of the WLPL Fall Book Fair
October 31st to November 7th
Please support your library by patronizing this event. There will be a large selection of items for people of all ages. Friday evening, October 31, is for "Friends only." Patrons may join the Friends of the Library organization on the evening of the fair and at any time before the fair at the library. The book fair is a great place to find bargain books, movies, and cds for your family. Check the children's tables for a great selection of gently used children's books!
Special activities are being planned for Saturday, November 1st. Caring Paws, the local organization that brings therapy animals to the Reading to the Cat & Dogs programs, will be in the children's area for a "Meet & Greet" on Nov. 1, from 1 to 3 p.m. There will also be an upcycling craft for patrons of all ages to turn a tee shirt into a tote bag. There will be door prizes on Saturday a.m., too. (Check the web site for the time and location and more information.)
Adventures in Science
Saturday, November 1: 12 to 3 p.m.; Children's Activity Room (1st floor)
The Purdue Science Student Council will have a science experiments demonstration called "Adventures in Science" for children who are in kindergarten through grade 6. The set of demonstrations will be repeated for 3 hours, so come at any time during the 3 hour event. Free; no registration.
Lego Club
Saturday, November 8: Time: 1 to 2:30 p.m. Walnut & Elm Rooms
Children in preschool through grade 6 will have the opportunity to build with the library's collection of Lego blocks. Children who are younger than 9 must be accompanied by an adult. No fee or registration. Come and build and make new friends! Structures will be placed on display in the library for one month.
Fall, Harvest, Woodland Animals, & Thanksgiving Crafts
For children and their families
Saturday, November 15: 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Place: Walnut & Elm Rooms
Our Thanksgiving and harvest crafts day is for children ages 2 and older and their families or caregivers. (An adult must stay with children who are younger than 9.) There will be a large selection of crafts to make to decorate your homes for Thanksgiving & fall. No registration or fee.
Reading to the Dogs
Saturday, November 22 Time: 2:00 to 3:00. Elm Room (2nd floor).
For children ages 4 & older. Presented by members of Therapy Dogs International (TDI). Come and read to a certified therapy dog. Readers should bring a book from home or select one when they arrive at the library. Children who are not yet reading are invited to visit and pet the dogs at 3 p.m. Registration required by Friday, November 21 at the children's desk or by phone.
*** Important Note***
There is only 1 space open at this time. If you do not remember the time of your child's reservation, or if you need to cancel your reservation, please call the library and ask to talk to a staff member in the children's department. There is a waiting list for reading slots. Since many reservations were made during our October Family Fun Day, e-mail addresses were not available to send all of the parents reminders. If you received a message and need to cancel, please reply to the message by Friday! Thanks.
***Thanksgiving Holiday Hours***
Wednesday, Nov. 26: Open 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Thursday, Nov. 27: Closed for Thanksgiving
Friday, Nov. 28: Open noon to 6 p.m.
Saturday, Nov. 29: Open 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Sunday, Nov. 30: Open 1 to 5 p.m.
We hope that all our families will have a pleasant and relaxing Thanksgiving holiday.
Reading to the Dogs & Cat
Reading to the Cat and Dogs! and Reading to the Dogs!
At the West Lafayette Public Library, we are very fortunate to have members of two different therapy animal organizations bring their registered therapy animals to the library about 9 or 10 times a year. Children reserve a 15 minute time period for reading to the therapy animals. They may check out books at the library to read or bring favorite books from home. The reading dates are announced on the children's web page, in the children's department newsletter, and on posters in the children's department. At the end of the reading session, families with children who are not yet reading are welcome to visit the animals and talk to their partners. When people first hear about reading to therapy animals, their usual response is "Why would anyone want to read to a dog?" or "Do the dogs really listen?" The members of the Caring Paws organizations believe that dogs have a calming effect on most children and have helped children improve their read-a-loud skills.
Therapy animals have been coming to the WLPL for 8 years. The children's department is very happy to sponsor this popular program and appreciates greatly the people who volunteer time to bring their much-loved pets to the library. The animals come about 9 times a year. Please check the events section of the children's web site to learn when the next visit will be.
About Caring Paws
Caring Paws is a non-profit, volunteer organization based in the Greater Lafayette area. Caring Paws members visit nursing homes, retirement centers, schools, hospitals, and libraries seeking trained and registered therapy animals to interact with their patients, residents, and students.
All Caring Paws volunteer teams have been evaluated by a major national animal therapy organization, Pet Partners (formerly Delta Society). With a registered therapy animal, a facility can be assured of a visit from a pet and partner who will provide a safe and enjoyable experience.
The teams that are insured by Pet Partners present the "Reading to the Cat and Dogs!" programs. Some of the animals who visit the library are the cat, Grizzley, and the dogs Breeze, Calvin, Neville, and Sydney.
For more information, please contact the Caring Paws web site: www.caring-paws.org or the Pet Partners site: www.petpartners.org
All therapy animals are current on vaccinations and insured by the groups.
Therapy Dogs International (TDI)
Therapy Dogs International (TDI) was formed in 1976 in New Jersey so that dogs could be certified, insured and registered as volunteer Therapy Dogs. All registered dogs have been tested for therapy dog work by certified TDI evaluators and are current on vaccinations. While many dogs provide companionship in the home, not all dogs are qualified or have the temperament suited to be a therapy dog.
At the WLPL, our program is publicized as "Reading to the Dogs." Some of the dogs who visit the library are Daisy, Champ, Frankie, Java, Jill, & Sugar. TDI members also present a program on dog safety about once a year, as a service to our community.


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|Out In Public
Click here to visit site
|Short review: Its reality time folks: you've got a set of original movies here, unique to the web-site, that take a couple of extremely sex-appealing boys out into the streets, they find a sultry man to hook up with and the sex happens wherever they happen to be. This is genuine, outdoors sex with rookie boyz having trade where the mood takes them. There are big galleries attached to each of the flirtatious vidz in this new website.


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Kahali Oden - Blue Ribbon Rap
Artist: Kahali Oden
Featuring: Raekwon
Producer: Hippie Sabotage & Chase Moore
Album: Mean Doe Green
Avg Rating: 3.5 ( 11 votes )
While Mean Doe Green no longer goes by the name Doey Rock, listeners shouldn't be fooled; as he proves with his latest offering, he's still one of the meanest doing it. Hailing from Cali, the emcee will certainly make a memorable first impression on the percentage of the Hip-Hop world that hasn't heard him before on his new single, Blue Ribbon Rap. Produced by Hippie Sabotage & Chase Moore, their RZA influences are apparent in the instrumental as abstract sounds lace the gritty beat, matching the hard hitting rhymes of Green very well: "Left lane/ Night train/ I deliver/ State liquor." Guests Planet Asia and the chef Raekwon also seem right at home over the banging production, increasing Rock's buzz with their high profile appearances. But crucially the headliner holds his own among the veteran rappers, and greatly increases his stature in the process. Expect this joint to be a standout on Green's upcoming self-titled album, due out March 1, and don't forget to check out the Sac-Town emcee's DJBooth Freestyle.
Written by Jon Garcia on 12/5/10
Submit your Rating
First DJ Booth Appearance:
"Bring Back Double ft. E-40" (2007)
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Viewers are invited to join in on the exclusive Takeaway Aftershow bash by subscribing to the channel and putting their questions to the Geordie duo.
Queries, thoughts and general musings can be posed to the pair via Facebook and Twitter using the hashtag #takeawayaftershow.
And Ant and Dec will also be taking viewers behind the scenes to reveal just what they get up to when the credits have stopped rolling.
Announcing the exclusive event, Ant happily remembered: "It means we don't have to get the first round in at the ITV bar!"
Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway airs live on UTV on Saturday 29 March from 7pm.
And to be sure you don't miss out on any of the fun, subscribe to the Ant and Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway official YouTube channel.
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The Port Macquarie Hastings council has flagged the possibility the region is facing drought conditions
Topics: drought, water-supply, local-government, port-macquarie-2444, coffs-harbour-2450
Supplies of drinking water on South Australia's Eyre Peninsula appear to be secure for longer than previously thought.
Topics: water-supply, water, water-management, port-lincoln-5606
University of Western Australia Law School PhD candidate Michael Bennett says WA water policy needs to be reformed to take climate change into consideration.
Topics: environment, water, water-management, water-supply, environmental-policy, government-and-politics, agricultural-policy, rural, dams-and-reservoirs, rivers, research, wa
Posted| Updated
A University of Western Australia (UWA) study is calling for state water policy reform, to protect diminishing groundwater resources in the south west.
Topics: environment, water, water-management, water-supply, environmental-policy, environmental-management, agricultural-policy, rural, government-and-politics, research, research-organisations, wa
Belubula Landholders chairman Michael Payton says his members welcome the idea of a new dam but there has been no consultation from State Water and Needles gap is not the ideal site for a dam in that catchment.
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text: An Agent-based e-Science Experiment Builder Christopher D. Walton and Adam D. Barker Centre for Intelligent Systems and their Applications (CISA), School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. Email: email@example.com Tel: +44-(0)131-650-2718 Abstract. In this paper we demonstrate the use of agent technology to assist in the construction and enactment of e-Science experiments. Our approach is founded on the adaptation of an agent protocol language to perform composition of web services. We present a definition of the language, and show how it can be used to express e-Science experiments. We also describe a tool, called MagentA, which allows experiments to be rapidly constructed, verified, and enacted. 1 Introduction e-Science may be defined as the use of distributed electronic resources, by sci- entists, to solve scientific problems. There is a continuing programme of work on the construction of an infrastructure, called the Grid [8], for supporting the kind of wide-scale distributed computing required for e-Science. Similarly, there is a concurrent programme of work on the construction of software technology for the specification and execution of e-Science experiments. The specification of e-Science experiments has evolved from early ad-hoc methods to the use of work- flows [7]. At the same time, the execution of e-Science experiments has moved from parallel programming techniques to the use of distributed web technology, in particular web services [2]. Nonetheless, there remain significant challenges to be addressed in the construction of e-Science experiments, particularly in rela- tion to the composition and inter-operability of services, and a solution to many of these is still far from clear. The composition of services is fundamental to the way in which e-Science ex- periments are constructed from distributed resources, i.e. services. It is intended that a scientist will be able to simply and rapidly compose these services into systems which define experiments. Composition works at two different concep- tual levels; the workflow level, and the enactment level. Workflows, which are experiment specifications, are constructed by the scientist through an appropri- ate interface. At the workflow level, the composition is performed in terms of black-box services which are assembled according to the experiment plan. For example, the workflow illustrated in Figure 1 of this paper describes the Bright- est Cluster Galaxy experiment, taken from the AstroGrid project [1]. It should This work is sponsored by the EPSRC Advanced Knowledge Technologies (AKT) Interdisciplinary Research Collaboration (Grant GR/N15764/01). be noted that there is currently little consensus on the kind of workflow model which is most appropriate for the specification of e-Science experiments, and there are many proposals including data-flows, business-process models (BPM), and UML activity diagrams. In this paper we are primarily concerned with the enactment level, and we simply adopt the UML activity diagram formalism for workflow specification. In order to enact an experiment, it is necessary to perform a workflow map- ping from the abstract experiment workflow to an executable system, composed of executable services. We note that there is not necessarily a one-to-one map between services at the workflow level, and services at the enactment level. The enactment of a single workflow service may result in a complex execution be- haviour. Furthermore, there is a strong desire to conceal the mapping task from the e-Scientist. However, we note that workflow mapping is a complex task and remains an open problem. For this paper, we assume that mapping will be per- formed by manual refinement of the experiment specification. At the enactment level, we are interacting with physical services (e.g. telescopes), computation re- sources (e.g. databases), and humans. For convenience, we make the standard assumption that these kinds of services can all be represented and controlled though a web service interface. For example, complex equipment can be con- trolled though the invocation of web services, and interaction with humans can be performed abstractly via web services by means of web pages and forms. Thus, we reduce the complexity of the problem to one of web service composition. The composition of web services into experiments that can be enacted, re- quires a high degree of interoperability between services. It is necessary that ser- vices built by different organisations, and using different software systems, are able to communicate with one another in a common formalism with an agreed semantics. To address the inter-operability issue, technology from the semantic web is increasingly being used in the specification and execution of e-Science ex- periments. For example, the use of semantic meta-data in the Grid is described in [11]. This has lead to the promotion of the term Semantic Grid which envi- sions a convergence between the Grid and the Semantic Web [4]. For the purpose of this paper, we will assume that the services we use in our experiments are known in advance. There are still many unsolved issues relating to automatic discovery and invocation of web services that we do not address. These issues are currently the focus of initiatives such as OWL-S [3], and WSMF [6]. It should be noted that the semantic web itself is closely related to the field of agency, and many ideas from the semantic web are derived from multi-agent systems. Indeed, the semantic web itself is predicated on the notion of agents as the key consumers of semantic web information. We continue this theme in our paper by showing how agents can address the issues of composition and interoperability among web services in experiments. If we consider the scenario in Figure 1 we can observe that there is a significant degree of coupling between the services in the workflow. Consequently, in any reasonable mapping from this workflow to web services, there will also be a degree of interaction between the different web services in the resulting system. We must therefore consider how we can represent this interaction in our system. At this point we encounter the limitations of current semantic web and web service technology. Interaction between web services is currently accomplished by a remote pro- cedure call (RPC) mechanism, by the exchange of SOAP messages between web service clients and containers. The SOAP specification defines a one-way state- less communication mechanism, but this is too restrictive for our purposes. In order to define experiments, we need to define complex communication patterns between services, for example, broadcast or multi-cast communication. An ad- ditional problem concerns how we compose the web services which comprise an experiment. It is possible to construct such a system through a static compo- sition of services, where the composition is encoded directly into the services. However, this approach is error-prone and inflexible as it does not allow us to easily change the kind of experiment we define. Ideally, we would like a separate representation which can express complex patterns of interaction between web services, such as we describe. We are aware of the activities of the W3C Web Services Choreography group on defining a suitable representation for perform- ing choreography (i.e. composition) between web services, but we are unaware of any implementation of their proposals. The focus of this paper is on the definition of a formalism for the realisation of interaction between web services, taking our previous work on multi-agent protocol languages as our inspiration [10]. Our script-based representation for representing multi-agent protocols can be readily adapted to express coordina- tion between web services [9], and therefore provide a suitable model of com- position. We designed our protocol language to be independent of the rational processes of the agents, and therefore we require only minimal changes to the language to make it applicable to web services. Our language appears to be a good complement to SOAP, as both are independent of the message content or implementation. We also describe a platform which we have built, based upon our protocol language, for defining and enacting e-Science experiments. Our presentation in this paper is structured as follows. In section 2 we de- scribe the Brightest Cluster Galaxy scenario which we use as a motivating ex- ample for our technique. Subsequently, in section 3 we define a composition framework for specifying and enacting e-Science experiments. Our framework comprises both the MAP language (Section 3.1), and the MagentA tool (Sec- tion 3.2) which we define in detail. Finally, we conclude in Section 4 with a discussion of our future work. 2 AstroGrid Example Scenario Our example scenario is based around the location and comprehension of the properties of "Brightest Cluster Galaxies". If one observes clusters of galaxies with a range of sizes/luminosities, it is often apparent that there is one galaxy which is much brighter than all the others. This galaxy, called the Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG) is frequently positioned in the centre of the cluster. Sta- tistically, it can be shown that the BCG is something more than just the brightest galaxy in the cluster: galaxies in clusters follow a fairly general distribution of luminosities, and BCGs occur far too often and are far too bright to be simply the upper end of that distribution. They are real outliers, pointing to some dif- ferent process of formation and/or evolution. The scientific background to this scenario is that there is some evidence for correlations between the properties of the BCG and of the cluster of galaxies in which it resides. This indicates that the cluster is affecting the way that the BCG is formed or has evolved, but scientists don't yet know how this works. Our example scenario, expressed in Figure 1, envisages an astronomer trying to discover how BCG are formed. Visualisation Query VO Registry Service Statistics Algorithm Data Extraction [Suitable Working Data Set] [More Data Required] [All Data] BCG Analysis Deposit Data Routine [Data Still to be Extracted] Fig. 1. Brightest Cluster Galaxy Workflow We suppose that our astronomer has a hypothesis about connections between the properties of BCGs and those of their host clusters. In the first step of our experimental workflow, the astronomer performs a query on the Virtual Obser- vatory (VO) to construct a sample of cluster/BCG pairs which have been well observed in a number of pass bands. To achieve this, the astronomer queries the VO Registry web service and obtains a list of VO data sources which are classified as being catalogues of clusters of galaxies. This yields a list of cluster catalogues; some based on optical/near-IR observations, some on X-ray obser- vations, and some on sub-millimetre observations. Examples of real astronomy data sources include: the XMM-Newton Science Archive (X-Ray), the Sloan Dig- ital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the UK Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDISS). In the second step of the workflow, the VO data sources are individually contacted in order to extract the positions of all of the clusters included in each catalogue. The web service for each of these data sources is accessed in order to extract all the attributes of all sources contained in a search radius of a certain size around the position of each of the clusters. In the third step of the workflow, the collected data is deposited in the AstroGrid MySpace storage facility. The VO Registry Service may be repeatedly referenced (as indicated by the loop in the workflow), for data sources which are classified as catalogues of optical, X-ray, near-infrared or radio sources (and therefore may include relevant observations of BCGs). In the next stage of the workflow, an analysis routine is performed on the data which has been deposited in MySpace. The analysis routine has to work out which galaxies in the galaxy catalogue data are the BCGs in each of the host clusters and generate a combined set of all the data known about each Cluster/BCG pair. Not every BCG/cluster pair has a value for each attribute, but most have values for the great majority of them, so this is deemed to be a good working data set. So for each cluster in the catalogue there is likely to be a number of properties recorded; obvious things like position, brightness, size, etc. There will also be another set of attributes recording properties of the sources in some optical or near infrared catalogue. At this point the scientist may determine that more data is required, and so the workflow includes a link back to the beginning. Alternatively, the astronomer may run a statistics algorithm, which seeks the attributes with the highest information content on the deposited lump of data. The outputs are then fed into a graphics package which generates a grid of scatter plots for pairs of attributes, arranged in order by the strength of correlation between them. If there are N attributes for M BCG/Cluster pairs then the Grid of Scatter plots represents N ∗(N −1)/2 plots, each with M points plotted. In other words each attribute is plotted against each other attribute for the set of BCG/Cluster pairs. In the final stage of the workflow, a visualisation allows further investigation into the correlations. We will now consider the mapping between the workflow that we have defined and the actual services which will be used during enactment. Figure 2 shows the different services that are used, and the interactions between them. It is clear that there are significant similarities between the services and the workflow, though we note that this will not always be the case. A surprising feature of the mapping, is that the scientist is explicitly represented by a service during enactment. This is necessary as we must define precisely how the scientist interacts with the services, and it is necessary for this service to supply an appropriate interaction mechanism with the human scientist, e.g. web forms. There are four main services that are used during enactment, which loosely correspond to the tasks defined in the workflow. In the workflow, the BCG analysis and statistics algorithm were defined separately, as we wished to indicate a decision between them. However, both activities are enacted by the same BCG Analysis service. Similarly, the Data Deposit task is performed as part of the Extraction service. The key difference between the workflow and the enactment is that we must also consider the interactions with the scientist, the external data sources, and the MySpace data storage facility. Scientist Data Sources X−Ray VO Registry Visualisation Infrared Optical BCG Extraction Analysis Radio MySpace Data Storage Fig. 2. BCG Service Composition The pattern of interaction between services in our example experiment is indicated by the connections between services in Figure 2. We note that this is just one possible way of composing the services, and alternative compositions are also possible. Furthermore, we do not define the actual interaction sequence, which will be complex and non-deterministic. We note that a static composition of services, where the pattern of interaction is directly encoded into each of the services, is certainly possible. However, this approach is inflexible, and restricts the services to a single kind of interaction, or a single experiment. In this pa- per, we adopt a dynamic approach, which affords considerable flexibility in the composition of services. 3 A Composition Framework In order to construct a framework for dynamically composing web services into experiments, we consider how composition can be applied to an arbitrary collec- tion of web services. We present a language for expressing composition later in this section. However, we first consider such a language will be disseminated and enacted. A bit of though leads us to the approach shown in Figure 3. In order to coordinate a group of web services, we can equip each web service with some extra functionality, which we term the agent stub. This stub is responsible for enacting the coordination protocol expressed in our language. We can dissemi- nate the protocol to the individual web services at the start of an experiment, and then the enactment of the protocol by the agent stub on each service will supply the required coordination. However, while this approach is plausible, we adopt an alternative which we believe is better suited to heterogeneous systems. In particular, there are two significant issues which relate to the use of stubs. Web Service Agent Stub Web Service Agent Stub Web Service Agent Stub Web Service Agent Stub Agent Stub Web Service Fig. 3. Coordinating Web Services with Agent Protocols The first issue is a direct result of the modification of the web services. We are in essence converting web services into a kind of agent and thereby breaking compatibility with existing web services and web service architectures. Any web service participating in an experiment must be modified. However, we do not necessarily have control over all of the services which we utilise in an experiment. Therefore, it appears infeasible for any approach to require the modification of all services before coordination between services can be performed. Ideally, we would like an approach to coordination which does not require modification of the web services involved. The second issue concerns the implementation of the agent stubs which pro- vide the coordination. In the general case, these stubs would provide a common set of functionality to the web services and be essentially identical in functional- ity. However, web services may be implemented in a variety of different languages and this would require the agent stub to be reimplemented in the language of the web service. Ensuring that the agent stubs implemented in different languages provide the same functionality and are completely compatible is a non-trivial task. Again, it is clear that the modification of the web services will create sig- nificant issues in this approach. Our chosen approach, illustrated in Figure 4, does not break compatibility with the existing web service architecture as the only kinds of components we define are web services. The agents (labelled A) in the diagram are analogous to the agent stubs in the previous method. However, the agents are composed into a close-coupled system, which itself resides within a web service. Each agent A acts on behalf of a single external web service. In effect, we define a coordination mechanism which is entirely external to the web services which are coordinated, and the web services do not need any knowledge that they are participating in a coordination. This has significant advantages in that the web services do not need to be modified, and the protocol does not need to be disseminated between services. An additional advantage is that this technique reduces the communication cost of the coordination. A significant amount of communication Web Service Web Service Web Service A A A Web Service MAS A A Web Service Web Service Fig. 4. Alternative Coordination Method now occurs within a single web service, rather than between distributed web services. External communication is only performed when an agent needs to invoke a method on a particular web service. Having now defined an appropriate method of coordination, we will turn our attention to the definition of the language for performing coordination. We return to the implementation details at the end of the section. As stated in the introduction, we adopt a coordination technique which we previously defined for coordinating web services in multi-agent systems. This technique is expressed by our Multi-Agent Protocol (MAP) language, which is formally defined in [10]. The adaptation of the language to the coordination of web services requires very few changes. In our chosen technique, the language is in essence still defining a coordination among agents (labelled A in Figure 4). The agents are now acting as proxies for external web services, rather than having behaviours of their own. The only real change to the language is a mechanism for expressing the invocation of web services. Given the straightforward nature of the changes, we retain the MAP name for our language. 3.1 MAP Language Definition MAP is a lightweight dialogue protocol language derived from process calculus. We note that MAP is only intended to express protocols, and is not intended to be a general-purpose language. Therefore, the relative sparsity of features in the language, e.g. no user-defined data-types, is appropriate. Furthermore, MAP is designed to be a lightweight language and only a minimal set of operations have been included. It is intended that MAP protocols will be automatically generated, e.g. from a planning system or a workflow enactment engine, rather than being constructed by hand. Thus, although MAP protocols appear complex, an e-Scientist would not be required to understand them in detail. MAP can be viewed as a replacement for the state-chart representation of protocols found in Electronic Institutions (EI) [5]. MAP provides an executable specification of agent protocols, while retaining the concepts of scenes, and roles found in EI. The division of agent dialogues into scenes is a key concept in MAP. A scene can be thought of as a bounded space in which a group agents interact on a single task. The use of scenes divides a large protocol into manageable parts. Scenes also add a measure of security to a protocol, in that agents which are not relevant to the protocol are excluded from the scene. This can prevent interference with the protocol and limits the number of exceptions and special cases that must be considered in the design of the protocol. We assume that a scene places a barrier on the agents, such that a scene cannot begin until all the agents have been instantiated, and the agents cannot leave until protocol enactment is complete. The concept of an agent role is also central to our definition. In MAP, each agent is identified by both a name and a role. Agents are uniquely named, but must be assigned a role which is specified in the protocol. The role of an agent is fixed until the end of a scene, and determines which parts of the protocol the agent will follow. Agents can share the same role, which defines the agents as having the same capabilities, i.e. the same web service interface. Roles are useful for grouping similar agents together, as we do not have to specify a completely separate protocol for each individual agent. For example, we may wish to interact with a large number of different database services, all with the same interface. We can simply define a single role (and associated protocol) which corresponds to a generic database access service, rather than defining a separate protocol for each service. Roles also allow us to specify multi-cast communication in MAP. For example, we can broadcast messages to all agents of a specific role. P ∈ Protocol ::= n(r{M})+ (Scene) (k) M ∈ Method ::= method(φ ) = op (Method) op ∈ Operation ::= α (Action) | op1 then op2 (Sequence) | op1 or op2 (Choice) | op1 par op2 (Parallel) | waitfor op1 timeout op2 (Iteration) | invoke(φ(k) ) (Recursion) α ∈ Action ::= (No Action) | φk = p(φl ) fault φm (Procedure) | ρ(φ(k) ) => agent(φ1 , φ2 ) (Send) | ρ(φ(k) ) <= agent(φ1 , φ2 ) (Receive) φ ∈ Term ::= _ | a | r | c | v Fig. 5. MAP Abstract Syntax. We will now define the abstract syntax of MAP, which is presented in Fig- ure 5. We have also defined a corresponding concrete XML-based syntax for MAP which is used in our implementation. However, we restrict our attention in this paper to the abstract syntax for readability. A protocol P is uniquely named n and defined as a set of agent roles A, each of which defines a set of methods M. A single method M takes a list of terms φ(k) as arguments (the initial method is specified by an empty list of arguments). Agents have a fixed role r for the duration of the protocol, and are individually identified by unique names a. Protocols are constructed from operations op which control the flow of the protocol, and actions α which have side-effects and can fail. Failure of actions causes backtracking in the protocol. The interface between the protocol and the external web service, is achieved through the invocation of procedures p. A procedure is parameterised by three sequences of terms. The input terms φl are the input parameters to the pro- cedure, and the output terms φk are the output parameters, i.e. results, from the procedure. A procedure may also raise an exception in which case the fault terms φm are bound to the exception parameters, and backtracking occurs in the protocol. Interaction between agents is performed by the exchange of messages which are defined by performatives ρ, i.e. message types. The parameters to pro- cedures and performatives are terms φ, which are either variables v, agent names a, role names r, constants c, or wild-cards _. Variables are bound to terms by unification which occurs in the invocation of procedures, the receipt of messages, or through recursive method invocations. It is helpful to consider an example protocol in order to obtain an under- standing of the protocol language. We therefore present a MAP protocol for the data extraction phase of our BCG example in Figure 6. For brevity, we do not present the protocol for the other services in this paper. We distinguish between the different types of terms by prefixing variables names with $, and role names with %, and we write e for an empty ( ) action. We use type abbreviations A for agent, R for role, S for string, and L for list. We define a single %extraction role which expresses the extraction protocol. The role will be enacted by an agent which is a proxy for an external extraction web service. The procedure calls in the protocol, e.g. extractNext, are mapped to the associated web service. The extraction protocol shown in Figure 6 proceeds as follows. An extraction request is received by an extraction agent from a scientist agent (line 4). The request contains a list of queries to be evaluated by the extraction agent. The agent recursively traverses the list of queries (line 9), sending each query to the appropriate service (line 11). In our scenario, the queries correspond to requests for galaxy data, and the services correspond to astronomy data sources. The agent retrieves the result (line 17) and stores it in MySpace (line 18). Finally, the extraction agent publishes the results (line 24) and returns a URL for the published data to the scientist agent that initiated the request (line 25). The extraction protocol expressed in MAP is clearly a straightforward imple- mentation of the required functionality. However, there are some subtle issues in the protocol that require explanation. When exchanging messages through send and receive actions, a unification of terms against the definition agent(φ 1 , φ2 ) is performed, where φ1 is matched against the agent name, and φ2 is matched against the agent role. For example, the receipt of the query list in line 4 of the 1 %extraction{ 2 method() = 3 waitfor 4 (extract($qlist) <= agent($scientist, %scientist) 5 then invoke(eloop, $qlist, $scientist) 6 then invoke()) 7 timeout (invoke()) 8 method(eloop, $qlist, $scientist) = 9 (($head, $tail) = extractNext($qlist) 10 then ($q, $qtype) = makeQuery($head) 11 then query($q) => agent(_, $qtype) 12 then invoke(ewait) 13 then invoke(eloop, $tail, $scientist)) 14 or invoke(eend, $scientist) 15 method(ewait) = 16 waitfor 17 ((result($res) <= agent($name, $qtype) 18 then store($name, $res) => agent(_, %myspace) 19 then invoke(ewait)) 20 or (noresult() <= agent($name, $qtype) 21 then invoke(ewait)) 22 timeout (e) 23 method(eend, $scientist) 24 $resulturl = publishResults() 25 result($resulturl) => agent($scientist, %scientist)} Fig. 6. Data Extraction Protocol protocol will match any agent whose role is %scientist, and the name of this agent will be bound to the variable $scientist. This unification is particularly useful when we do not know the exact name of the agent in question. For ex- ample, in line 11 of the protocol we use a wild-card _ to send the message to all agents that match the role given by $qtype. The semantics of message passing corresponds to non-blocking, reliable, and buffered communication. Sending a message will succeed immediately if an agent matches the definition, and the message will be stored in a buffer on the recip- ient. Receiving a message involves an additional unification step. The message supplied in the definition is treated as a template to be matched against any message in the buffer. For example, in line 17 of the protocol, a message must match result($res), and the variable $res will be bound to the content of the message if the match is successful. Sending will fail if no agent matches the supplied terms, and receiving will fail if no message matches the template. The send and receive actions complete immediately (i.e. non-blocking) and do not delay the agent. Race conditions are avoided by wrapping all receive actions by waitfor loops. For example, in line 16 the agent will loop until a message is received. If this loop was not present the agent may fail to receive the reply, and the protocol would terminate prematurely. The advantage of non-blocking communication is that we can check for a number of different messages. For example, in lines 17 and 20 of the protocol, the agent waits for either a result message or an noresult message. A waitfor loop includes a timeout condition which is triggered after a certain interval has elapsed. In our example, we do not know how many agents match the $qtype role in line 11, so we need to wait until no further replies have been returned. This is achieved by the timeout in line 22, although we note that it would be perfectly possible to define an alternative protocol which avoids the need for the timeout. The operations in the protocol are sequenced by the then operator which evaluates op1 followed by op2 , unless op1 involved an action which failed. The failure of actions is handled by the or operator. This operator is defined such that if op1 fails, then op2 is evaluated, otherwise op2 is ignored. The language includes backtracking, such that the execution will backtrack to the nearest or operator when a failure occurs. Similarly, the body of a waitfor loop will be repeatedly executed upon failure, and the loop will terminate when the body succeeds (or a timeout occurs). Our language also includes a par operator which evaluates op1 and op2 in parallel. This is useful when we wish to perform more than one action simultaneously, though we do not use this in our example. Literal data is represented by constants c in our language, which can be com- plex data-types, e.g. currency, flat-file data, multimedia, or XML documents. MAP does not perform any computation directly on the constants. The inter- pretation of the data is performed entirely by the external web services. 3.2 The MagentA Platform We have implemented a platform for coordinating web services founded on our MAP language. Figure 7 illustrates the four main tasks performed by the platform. The platform closely follows the close-coupled coordination technique which we have discussed previously. At the core of the platform is the MagentA (Multi-agent Architecture) service which performs the task of the coordination service at the centre of Figure 4. The platform has been implemented in Java, and utilises the XML representation of MAP. A screen capture of the web front-end to the MagentA service is also shown in Figure 7. The upper section of the screen displays all of the roles which are found in the protocol. There are links in this section for generating WSDL documents for each of the roles, and for verifying the protocol. The middle section of the screen is used for registering web services against the roles in the protocol. To register a service, the role, agent name, and WSDL URL are entered into the form. A port and service name within the web service can also be optionally entered. The lower section of the screen is used to initiate and terminate the enactment process. Our tool enables experiments to be rapidly constructed and configured. The MagentA service must be instantiated with a MAP protocol before co- ordination can be performed. Therefore, the first task (labelled 1 on the LHS of Figure 7) in the construction of an experiment on the platform is the definition MAP WEB PROTOCOL SERVICES 1 2 INSTANTIATION REGISTRATION MagentA COORDINATION SERVICE VERIFICATION ENACTMENT 4 3 VERIFICATION EXPERIMENT SERVICE RESULTS Fig. 7. MagentA Platform Architecture & Web Front-End of the protocol in MAP. The MagentA service is fully generic, in that it can perform coordination for any protocol, though only one such coordination at a time. Therefore, the instantiation process configures the MagentA service for a single protocol, which persists until enactment is complete. A MAP specification is constructed with respect to a collection of web ser- vices that will be utilised in the experiment. In particular, each role in the protocol corresponds to one or more web services. For example, the extraction role defined in Figure 6 corresponds to a web service which supplies an imple- mentation of the extractNext, makeQuery, and publishResults procedures. It is also possible to define protocols for which no actual web service exists. In this case, the MagentA service can provide an appropriate WSDL specification for a role, which can then be refined into an actual web service. Before enactment can be performed, it is necessary to register each of the web services in the experi- ment with the MagentA service. Registration is performed by supplying a URL to the WSDL document associated with each service, together with the role that it implements. At least one web service must be registered for each role before enactment can take place. We intend to support the discovery of services in the future, but at present the registration process is performed manually. The registration of a web service causes an agent to be generated within the MagentA service to act as a proxy for the web service. It is important to note that the agents are generated automatically during registration. The only components that need to be supplied are the protocol, and a mapping from web services to roles. Furthermore, it is not necessary to understand the use of agents to be able to define an experiment. The third task provided by the MagentA service is the enactment of the experiment. This is where the protocol is enacted by the agents which have been defined during registration. The agents follow the protocol as a script, and invoke the external web services when necessary. The experiment terminates when all the protocol steps have been enacted, or if the protocol fails. An experiment will typically include a service that outputs the experiment data in a suitable form. The MagentA service itself does not provide any data visualisation, other than supplying a trace of the enactment. We have noted that enactment can terminate if the protocol encounters a failure. By this, we mean either a failure internal to the protocol, or an exter- nal failure relating to web service invocation. We can avoid external failures by defining appropriate fault and timeout conditions in our protocols. Internal fail- ures occur when a protocol backtracks to the beginning, or fails to terminate. Usually these kinds of failures will occur as a result of unexpected interactions between the agents. Ideally we would like to avoid internal failures as they can be costly, for example, if they occur during a long-lived or non-repeatable exper- iment. Therefore, the final task provided by MagentA is a protocol verification service, which can detect a range of protocol failures statically before enactment. 4 Conclusion The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate that we can use existing agent technology to assist in the construction and enactment of e-Science experiments. Specifically, our previous research on agent protocols can be readily adapted to the composition of web services. Our technique is founded on the MAP language, which is a formally-defined agent coordination language. We have constructed a tool based on this language, called MagentA, which allows experiments to be rapidly constructed, verified, and enacted. Finally, we have sketched how our MAP protocols can be used to define the Brightest Cluster Galaxy experiment. The MAP language is a lightweight formalism, providing only a minimal set of operations. This was a deliberate choice as it allowed us to define the lan- guage and the type system without unnecessary complication. However, we are now considering many enhancements to the language that would make it more suited to e-Science computation. These enhancements include: support for large datasets through an extension of the type language; support for long-lived com- putation, e.g. by allowing break-points in the protocols; database integration for better handling of experiment data; and support for the composition of protocols into larger experiments at the scene level. The MAP language can be used to encode a wide range of protocols, as previ- ously demonstrated in our work on agent protocols. However, the hand-encoding of protocols into the MAP formalism remains a time-consuming process. We are therefore currently considering a number of approaches which will permit protocols to be constructed in a more efficient manner. The simplest approach is the provision of a graphical tool for constructing protocols. Beyond this, we would like to support the automatic generation of protocols. We have made some progress into the construction of protocols as an outcome of a planning process. However, from an e-Science perspective we would ideally like protocols to be generated as a result of workflow mapping. Nonetheless, there remain significant issues in this approach, particularly as there is no real consensus on the most appropriate workflow formalism for e-Science. A further issue that we intend to address, concerns the discovery of web ser- vices. At present, the web services that we use to define an experiment must be known in advance, and must be explicitly registered before enactment. Further- more, the protocol must be defined to precisely match the WSDL definition of the web service. We would like to relax these restrictions, and allow a more flexi- ble kind of coordination, which allows for (semi-)automatic web service discovery and invocation. For this, we will need semantically annotated web services, on which we can reason about the behaviour of the services. This is currently an active area of research in the Semantic Web community. References 1. P. Allan, B. Bentley, C. Davenhall, S. Garrington, D. Giaretta, L. Harra, M. Irwin, A. Lawrence, M. Lockwood, B. Mann, R. McMahon, F. Murtagh, J. Osborne, C. Page, C. Perry, D. Pike, A. Richards, G. Rixon, J. Sherman, R. Stamper, and M. Watson. AstroGrid. Available at: www.astrogrid.org, April 2001. 2. D. Booth, H. Haas, F. McCabe, E. Newcomer, M. Champion, C. Ferris, and D. Or- chard. Web Services Architecture. World-Wide-Web Consortium (W3C), August 2003. Available at: www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/. 3. The OWL Services Coalition. OWL-S: Semantic Markup for Web Services. Avail- able at: www.daml.org/services/, November 2004. 4. D. de Roure, N. R. Jennings, and N. Shadbolt. The Semantic Grid: A future e-Science infrastructure. In F. Berman, G. Fox, and A.J.G. Hey, editors, Grid Computing - Making the Global Infrastructure a Reality, pages 437–470. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2002. 5. M. Esteva, J. A. Rodr´ ıguez, C. Sierra, P. Garcia, and J. L. Arcos. On the Formal Specification of Electronic Institutions. In Agent-mediated Electronic Commerce (The European AgentLink Perspective), number 1991 in Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 126–147, 2001. 6. D. Fensel and C. Bussler. The Web Service Modeling Framework (WSMF). Elec- tronic Commerce Research and Applications, 1(2), 2002. 7. Layna Fischer, editor. The Workflow Handbook 2004. Future Strategies Inc., 2004. 8. I. Foster and C. Kesselman, editors. The Grid 2. Morgan Kaufmann, 2004. 9. C. Walton. Model Checking Multi-Agent Web Services. In Proceedings of the 2004 AAAI Spring Symposium on Semantic Web Services, Stanford, California, March 2004. AAAI. 10. C. Walton and D. Robertson. Flexible Multi-Agent Protocols. In Proceedings of UKMAS 2002. Also published as Informatics Technical Report EDI-INF-RR-0164, University of Edinburgh, November 2002. 11. C. Wroe, C. Goble, M. Greenwood, P. Lord, S. Miles, J. Papey, T. Payne, and L. Moreau. Automating Experiments Using Semantic Data on a BioInformatics Grid. IEEE Intelligent Systems, 19(1):48–55, 2004.


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The Zakk Wylde Signature Cry Baby takes on the Cry Baby Multi-Wah. Vote now!
A guide to The Beatles' White Album: the recording equipment, the songs, the conflicts.
We pick the 25 greatest rock and roll wah solos of all time.
For 28 years, the Red Hot Chili Peppers have sat at the throne of funk-rock. See the members' history through the years right here.
From his gospel-singing roots in rural South Carolina and a stint on Division 1 Clemson's football team to his workmanlike songwriting sessions in Nashville, emerging country music star Lee Brice talks about his early influences and his music.
Ana Popovic can play the shit out of the blues. And she belts it out like a mother in pain, too. But what really captivated me was the sight of her wielding her Strat and tossing off a bevy of tasty Stevie Ray Vaughan-esque licks while wearing a super-sleek, silver mini-dress. Yep. The totally package. Hot. Cool. Killer chops. But don't think that Popovic hasn't paid her dues when it comes to the blues.
Get to know Norway's newest post-hardcore export, Wolves Like Us.
As one of the longest-lasting bands in rock and roll, the members Judas Priest have earned the moniker "Metal Gods." Check out this gallery to see the band as it's progressed through the years.
Listen to the new track from New Jersey garage-y soul-inspired indie rockers The Static Jacks.
So, you've got the chops, you've figured out the scales, you even have the gear to back up your skills. But if you're going to hit the road, play the bars or present yourself as half-professional, you're going to need a way to organize your pedals.
It took a full decade, but '90s alternative rock outfit Bush have come back down from the clouds. Fronted by lead singer/rhythm guitarist Gavin Rossdale, the band, best known for radio staples like "Comedown" and "Machinehead," return September 13 with their fifth full-length release, The Sea of Memories.
Contrary to what you may have seen in the film Deliverance, bluegrass music is more than a bunch of good ol' boys picking banjos and clogging on the porch. It's a style that boasts some of the most impressive instrumental musicians and guitarists of any genre.
Through a slew of drugs, funk, sex and rock 'n' roll, the Red Hot Chili Peppers have somehow managed to emerge unscathed. They've been together since 1983 and have put out nine albums in that time.
Buy it now!
Now on the iPad
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http://www.centos.org –
PS: I no longer have a problem shutting down or rebooting!!!Thanks [by saddlebite]
magic happend the the other day! my integrated NIC stoped working.
I have a sever with 2 network cards, an internal IP on one card (eth0) and external IPs (aliased) on the other card (eth1). I lost connection the public network and I tried to restart networking with /etc/init.d/networking restart and got the error "SIOCSIFFLAGS: cannot assing requested IP and Failed to bring up eth1".
Calling dhclient as root works beautifully on my debian machine. However, I would like to allow some users to execute dhclient, too.
Hi gurus,
I am trying make wireless card working but I am stuck.
I am very new to Linux, but i want to learn it :-)
I have a problem with my wlan0 interface after exiting WPA_Supplicant with ^C. The Interface seems to be broken.....
The first connection with WPA_Supplicant works like a charm, i can surf the web, access SSH by another PC and do all the Internet things :-)
After exiting WPA_Supplicant, i cant bring the interface UP again with ifconfig.
I swapped one of my HDDs and then I put the one I had first back. Then, Grub wasnt working, so I had to fix it. After I fixed it, my WiFi wasnt working. It was before. It appears as unavailable. Here are some logs:
On the logs, it appears as disabled, but I have it enabled.
sudo ifconfig wlan0 up returns: SIOCSIFFLAGS: Input/output error
Can anyone help me?
Okay, I've been using Arch for about a year now and I have randomly hit a bug. I was at a friend's house with my laptop using the internet and wifi fine, I come home turn on my laptop and I noticed the little orange LED that shows my wifi isn't on and my laptop refuses to connect to the internet.
While testing a script which takes wlan0 up/down, I've discovered that I can no longer access that interface. Example if I try to bring it up:
ifconfig wlan0 up
I get:
wlan0: unknown interface: No such device
BTW this is 13.37 system
The only way I have rectified the problem is rebooting. Is there a more gracious way of fixing this?
I've found the solution to this problem and I'd like to share it.
An old Packard Bell EasyNote R1935 (or MIT-RHEA-C) laptop with Ralink RT2561/RT61 network controller.
The Wireless card is detected, but can't be enabled.
ifconfig wlan0 up
SIOCSIFFLAGS: Device or resource busy
Upon closer inspection of the messages printed by dmesg, I've noticed some IRQ issues and a suggestion to pass


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Events for September 2014
The Head and the Heart in Miami Beach
When: 05/06/2014
Make your way to beautiful Miami Beach to see The Head and the Heart on May 6th. The up-and-coming indie folk-rock band will join fellow folk band Lost in the Trees at The Fillmore Miami Beach for an amazing night of new, alternative music.
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Wiki Headlines
18th Nov: We've switched servers and will be updating the old code over the next couple months, meaning that several things might break. Please report issues here.
main index
The "million coin goal" is just a different take on the usual "Save the Princess" plotAlex Sora 89 here (theory partially suggested by my girlfriend Faith). Basically, the only reason Mario must get one million coins is in order to pay a ransom for Peach. There's gonna be a Bait and Switch near the endgame, when it turns out the million coins only grants the player access to the final castle, and then the game goes back to the series' roots: an old-school showdown against Bowser. That's because Bowser betrays Mario as soon as the latter gives him the cash. Calling it right now.
The Mushroom Kingdom is teetering on the verge of total economic collapse.Seriously - think back to Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga. Remember the insane exchange rate between Mushroom Kingdom coins and Beanbean coins? The conclusion is that the Mushroom Kingdom's economy is a hyperinflationary nightmare. And now, a particularly dickish Bowser (or Ludwig) has contrived an evil plot to flood the Kingdom with gold-coin-making Power-Ups so Mario and Luigi will unwittingly drive the Kingdom into an economic black hole from which it will never recover. And you gotta help us!
Wario will be the True Final Boss.As the greediest character in the Super Mario franchise, I refuse to believe the he wont think to steal the one million coin from Mario while the plumber is busy with Bowser.
Wario will be a DLC bossIt just makes sense, doesn't it? The greediest character in the franchise charging the players to have him appear in the game he would practically kill to be in.


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October 23, 2013
By TruckingInfo Staff
The suit by small property brokers against new bond requirements is back in motion after a federal magistrate lifted a stay, clearing the way for legal arguments over moving the matter to federal appeals court.
On October 17, Magistrate Judge Philip Lammens granted a request by the Association of Independent Property Brokers and Agents to lift a stay that was preventing consideration of an AIPBA bid to move the case.
The stay was imposed because the recent government shutdown restricted the federal government's ability to act on the matter.
Lammen said the broker association and the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration must file briefs by October 24 on whether the case should be transferred to the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals.
The brokers are pushing for the venue change as part of their fight against the $75,000 bond required under last year's highway law.
The safety agency began enforcing the requirement October 1.
We offer e-newsletters that deliver targeted news and information for the entire fleet industry.
The expert, Mark Betner from Citgo will answer your questions Ask a question
Video:60 Minutes Report on Crumbling Infrastructure
Detroit Assurance: Collision Mitigation, Assisted Braking, Better MPG
Unsung Documentary Series: Baker Trucking
Ultimate Test Drive Video: SuperTruck A Walk Around
Kenworth Introduces World's Best Trucks 2015 Calendar
East Manufacturing Releases Scale Model Tractor-Dump Trailer
Minimizer Offers Decorated Bracket Kits
Kenworth Cabover Options Expand Applications


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The Wave Commission, Wild Ass
Hotel Utah
500 4th Street
San Francisco, CA, 94107
This event is 21 and over
The Wave Commission
Wild Ass
Soaked in whiskey and sweat, dripping talent and other fluids, Wild Ass is the newest San Francisco supergroup to emerge on the scene. Composed of five young veterans of the Bay Area music scene, Wild Ass covers and slays hard rock songs of the mid-late 70's and early 80's.
Think back. No, further back. Hazy days, fluffy hair, quaaludes and beastly rock and roll. Heart. Kiss. Van Halen. Thin Lizzy. Edgar Winter. Bone crushing riffs, bombastic lyrics, and intricate musicianship. All of this, Wild Ass delivers in spades.
But the Ass aren't just for the ears, they are for the eyes, and boy, are they outta sight, man! Kimonos, spandex, leather, animal print, face paint, and headbands are just a few pieces of their wardrobe. Smoke, mirrors, and light displays are common as well at their shows.
The band's lead singer is Carla Selvin (Garden Party), saucy, sexy and owner of a powerful pair of pipes. Scorching lead guitar is handled by blues-rock virtuoso, Jesse Cobb (Chris Cobb Band, Blue Horizon), while meaty rhythm grooves are laid down by resident vegan Colin Hayes (Owl Paws). The band is rounded out by talented multi-instrumentalist Theresa Sawi (Girl Named T, Garden Party), and wild animal behind the kit, George Rosenthal (Lou Lou & The Guitarfish).
Wild Ass is not one only one of the most fun rock bands around, but also one of the most talented. Whether you want to have one last night in 1976, or simply want to change your party from boring to totally bitchin', Wild Ass is the band to see.
Upcoming Events
Hotel Utah
Thu, November 27
Happy Thanksgiving! (we're closed)
Fri, November 28
Red Elvises (2 Sets!)
Sat, November 29
Sun, November 30
Farewell Typewriter, Diamond Heights, French Girls (closing set)
Mon, December 1
Hotel Utah Open Mic with host Brendan Getzell
Tue, December 2
Waves of Sound, Tiny Massive, The Dynamics
Wed, December 3
My Empty Phantom, Commissure, Broken Cities
Thu, December 4
Fri, December 5
Hibbity Dibbity, Steven Roth
Sat, December 6
Feral Fauna, Tzigane Society, Waves of Silver
Thursday, October 31 · 9:00 PM at Hotel Utah


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Former Ranger Darren Oliver Named Special Assistant To GM
Rangers CentralShop for Rangers Gear
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ARLINGTON (CBSDFW.COM) – The Texas Rangers added to their staff on Thursday, hiring former pitcher Darren Oliver as a special assistant to the general manager.
While Jon Daniels says Oliver has been working with the club informally for several months, the relationship is now official.
"We are very happy to welcome Darren Oliver into an official capacity with the Rangers," said Daniels. "Darren will focus on pitching on both the major and minor league levels, and he will have a presence in Arlington and with our minor league affiliates. I also expect that he will be a valuable sounding board to our baseball operations group on all fronts."
Oliver retired after the 2013 season, collecting 118 wins in 766 games over a 20-year career with Texas, St. Louis, Boston, Colorado, Florida, Houston, New York Mets, Los Angeles Angels, and Toronto.
He spent his first six seasons with the Rangers, appearing in Texas' first ever playoffs series in 1996.
He returned to the team in 2000 after a short stint with the St. Louis Cardinals. Oliver then bounced around with five teams before returning to Texas in time for the 2010 and 2011 postseasons.
Oliver is a top-10 career performer in a number of Rangers categories, including wins (60, 8th), games started (137, 9th) and innings pitched (955.1, 9th).
(©2014 CBS Local Media, a division of CBS Radio Inc. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.)
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Allegra McEvedy creates a delicious chicken liver salad in episode 5 of Perfect.
Pre-heat the oven to 200°C.
Put the bread cubes into a bowl and roll around with the cumin, a bit of salt and the half the olive oil. Spread out onto a baking tray and bake in the oven for 20-ish mins until golden brown, shuffling a couple times on the way.
Shave the fennel either with a sharp knife or a mandolin into long thin curves and curls, drop into iced water and leave for about15 mins.
Trim the livers of any membrane or dark green bits- bile. Lay out on a plate and season with some salt. Put them near the stove.
Cut the radishes straight down the middle so you get a plume of green leaves out the top of each side. Drop into the iced water with the fennel, swirl around to shift any grit then take them out and separately drain the fennel.
Put a thick-bottomed wide saucepan on a high flame and have your livers and radishes within reach. Add the veg oil, and when its smoking then in with the butter and the seasoned livers. Let them get colour (2 mins), then turn them, deglaze with the vinegar and then in with the radishes. Shuffle the pan, stir all around and watch the greens wilt.
Take the pan off the heat; in with the croutons, quick toss and then tip the whole lot into a bowl with the fennel. Stir, season and dress with the rest of the oil and a splash more vinegar if you fancy it.
Eat right then and there.
But you only get all that if you don't overcook it – all pan work done in a couple of minutes.
• Chicken livers are really cheap and versatile
• They are available in supermarkets and butchers but make sure they are freshly when you buy them
• To prepare make sure all the sinew is remove and any dark or greenish bits are removed
» Metric Converter
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Other Whites are the best wines to pair with Seared Chicken Liver, Shaved Fennel and Cumin Crouton Salad.
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We offer fresh cut bank instrument for lease/sale, such as BG, SBLC, MTN, Bank Bonds, Bank Draft, T strips and others. Leased Instruments can be obtained at minimal expense to the borrower compared to other banking options. This offer is opened to both those and corporate bodies. Description of Instrument: 1.Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG)/SBLC 2.Total Face Value: MINIMUM 1MILLION EURO/USD - MAXIMUM 100BILLION EURO/USD 3.Issuing Bank: HSBC London or AA rated Bank in Western Europe or USA. 4.Term: One Year, One Month 5.Leasing Price: 5% of Face Value plus 0.5% Lessor agent [Closed] & X% Lessee agent (open) 6.Style of speaking: SWIFT TO SWIFT 7.Payment: WIRE TRANSFER 8.Hard Copy: Bonded Courier surrounded by 7 We are RWA ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days, if interested do not hesitate to contact us via banking days Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing by providing you with yearly renewable leased bank instruments. We work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this Instrument can be monetized on your behalf for 100% funding: For further details contact us with the below information. Contact : Khan.kamal Email: email@example.com Skype ID: kamal.lease Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients are 100% protected. In complete confidence, we will work together for the benefits of all parties involved.
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A larger establishment, Best Western Paris CDG Airport has quite a number of rooms to choose from. With 4 stars, you know what to expect a little better. If you travel from far, it's good to know Charles de Gaulle Airport is fairly easy to reach.
A restaurant and a bar/lounge are just two of the highlights offered by Best Western Paris CDG Airport. Guests who like to be pampered will be pleased with the inclusion of a sauna. A stay here is guaranteed to be replete with convenient services including a dry cleaning/laundry service. A conference space and a business center are offered by the accommodation for the satisfaction of business visitors. Your pet can stay with you in your room. This hotel offers 244 rooms. Travelers in private transport will be pleased there is paid self service parking at limited hours available. A free airport shuttle bus is one of the transport options when you stay here.
Air conditioning is one of the facilities offered in Best Western Paris CDG Airport. Rooms are smoke free here. It won't cost you anything to make telephone calls to local numbers from here. A housekeeping service is also one of the services provided. Communication from the rooms is made easier by the presence of high-speed Internet access. This hotel's rooms feature a coffee/tea maker.
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|From 14:00 Check-out: Until 12:00
|Wi-Fi Internet at additional cost in general areas only (lobby/reception etc.)
|Paid Parking (Self-service)
|Airport shuttle:
|Airport Transportation (complimentary)
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|Pets allowed
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|Note: It is the responsibility of the hotel chain and/or the individual property to ensure the accuracy of the photos displayed. We are not responsible for any inaccuracies in the photos.
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