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A cross-channel data link for interconnecting a plurality of computers together in a ring configuration using a single optical fiber between adjacent communication nodes includes wavelength division multiplexing circuitry in a way that improves the fault diagnostic capabilities of the system. By using a particular transmission protocol in which optical data representing signals of two discrete wavelengths are fed through a single optical fiber with one progressing in the clockwise direction and the other in a counterclockwise direction in two recurring time frames, at the conclusion each of the computers is guaranteed to have identical data irrespective of any single point failure in the data link.
1. A cross-channel data link which is operable to provide communication between plural computing elements of a fault tolerant computing system, said cross-channel data link comprising:
a multiplicity of nodes interconnected in a ring configuration, each node being coupled to a clockwise adjacent node via a single optical fiber and to a counterclockwise adjacent node via a different single optical fiber and each node being coupled to one of the computing elements of the fault tolerant computing system, said nodes each including:
a first and second optical transmitter,
a first and second optical receiver,
a first wavelength division multiplexing means coupled to said first optical transmitter and said first optical receiver for multiplexing an optical signal transmitted by said node and traveling in a clockwise direction with an optical signal received by said node traveling in a counterclockwise direction through the single optical fiber joining the clockwise adjacent nodes,
a second wavelength division multiplexing means coupled to said second optical transmitter, and said second optical receiver for multiplexing an optical signal transmitted by said node and traveling in a counterclockwise direction with an optical signal received by said node traveling in a clockwise direction through the single optical fiber joining the counterclockwise adjacent nodes,
controller means coupled to one of said plural computing elements for exchanging data indicative of the instantaneous state of said plural computing elements,
a two-stage modulator coupled to said controller and to said first and second transmitters, and
a two-stage demodulator coupled to said controller and to said first and second optical receivers.
2. The cross-channel data link as in claim 1 wherein a first stage of each of said two-stage modulator and said two-stage demodulator is of the quadrature amplitude modulator type and the second stage of each of said two-stage modulator and said two-stage demodulator is of the frequency modulation type.
3. The cross-channel data link as in claim 1 wherein said controller includes:
a buffer memory; and
control circuit means for storing data received from each of said adjacent nodes during a first recurring time interval in said buffer memory and for propagating the data stored in said buffer memory to each of said adjacent nodes during a second time interval.
4. The cross-channel data link as in claim 1 and further including:
power sensing means coupled to said first wavelength division multiplexing means for sampling the power of an optical signal launched into said single optical fiber; and
power level control means coupled to said power sensing means and to said first optical transmitter for adjusting the power of the optical signal being launched into said single optical fiber in accordance with a specified set-point.
5. The cross-channel data link as in claim 4 wherein said set-point is a built-in test parameter.
6. The cross-channel data link as in claim wherein said power sensing means includes means for generating a pass/fail status bit depending upon the correspondence of the power sampled by said power sensing means with said set-point.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an improved cross-channel data link of the type comprising an element of a fault tolerant computing system.
2. Discussion of the Prior Art
There are a significant, and growing, number of computer applications which demand a higher level of reliability and availability than can be practically achieved with conventional "single thread" systems, such systems being of the type wherein a single fault can cause a fatal error. An avionic computer control system of the so called fly-by-wire type is illustrative. Here, the flight of the aircraft and the safety of its crew depends upon the continuous error free operation of the computer system.
Fault tolerant computing requires some form of redundancy of computing resources to enable fault isolation and continued operation in spite of isolated faults. The preferred method is known as N-modular redundancy with majority voting, where the modular element may be any computing resource, but is typically a complete general purpose computer, including its associated input/output circuitry. The remaining discussion will assume that the redundant element is in fact such a computer.
In this arrangement, a limited number of faults can be tolerated. Implementing this concept requires that all modules execute identical programs on identical computers in substantial synchrony. Since all computers operate on the identical input data in synchronism, it is thus possible to instantaneously compare the output data from each and vote to determine the correct result, even though one or more of the modules may be in error, i.e., only the majority need be correct. The preferred means for maintaining synchronization, comparing computational results and exchanging failure status information, is a cross-channel data link which permits the exchange of data on a periodic basis. A typical application may require an exchange of 5,000 to 10,000 bits each processing frame, i.e. every 10 to 20 milliseconds. Each computer analyzes the data received from all other computers and uses this data to either confirm that it is in synchronization or to re-establish synchronization if it has been lost. In addition, data is used to validate or evaluate the health of the system, or to vote against other components of the system.
The cross-channel data link is a critical element of the system. It should be designed to maximize reliability and to insure that no single point failure of the data link can prevent data exchange between any pair of computers since without this exchange, synchronization may be lost and the benefits of majority voting lost. It has been found desirable to employ fiber optic media to gain the benefit of improved electrical isolation, rejection of interfering signals, and the potential for higher channel capacity.
The prior art approach for a fiber optic, cross-channel data link for a triple-modularly redundant computing system is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1. Each of computers 10, 12 and 14 execute identical programs in response to a common set of data inputs 16 and exchanges this data via a fiber optic cross-channel data link. The computer outputs on lines 18, 20, 22 are presented to majority output voting 24 which produces a correct output even when any one of computer outputs 18, 20 or 22 is incorrect. Similarly, the input voting 23 provides a majority of input signals such that all computations within the three computers proceed on identical input data.
Communication between the cross-channel data link and the computers is via bidirectional data buses 11, 13 and 15. The cross-channel data link is comprised of optical node controls 26, 28 and 30 plus optical fibers 32-42. Referring to optical node 26, each node is comprised of two optical transmitters of the light emitting diode type, such as 46 and 48, plus two optical receivers (photo detectors), such as 44 and 50. Alternatively, optical transmitters 46 and 48 may be replaced with a single optical transmitter and an optical splitter. Either arrangement provides a simultaneous bidirectional data path between any pair of computers. For example, the data path formed by transmitter 46 on node 26, optical fiber 36, and receiver 52 on node 28 allows data from computer 10 to be sent to computer 12.
Although this arrangement provides the requisite communication paths when all elements are operable, a failure of any one element in the data link can cause an operable computer to be declared faulty. It is well known in the art to reconfigure data channels to route data around a failed link.
Reconfiguration of a cross channel data link, however, is undesirable due to the potential to exacerbate the effect of faults. For example, re-routing circuitry could provide an alternate path through element 48, 34, 54, 56 and 42 in the event of a failure of the path formed by elements 46, 36 and 52. However, such circuitry adds the risk that a single failure of the re-routing circuitry could cause multiple data paths to fail. Such prior art arrangements further lack the ability to isolate a data link fault solely to the transmitter, fiber or receiver. Since these elements are typically in different line replaceable units, diagnostic tests are thus unable to determine which unit to replace to correct for certain faults. Such prior art arrangements are further incapable of performance level measurements which could identify impending failures for repair before an actual fault occurs. This is particularly problematic with optical fibers being subjected to high "g" accelerations during aircraft maneuvers. Fiber-optic links used with prior art cross-channel data links have required specialized equipment for measurement of link integrity by ground maintenance personnel. These measurements are inadequate when the system is installed in a moving vehicle such as a fighter aircraft. Latent failures or marginal thresholds may be exposed during a high "g" maneuver. Cracked fibers and/or misaligned connections can disable the system if the fiber shifts at all. The present invention provides for a continuous detection capability which equals or exceeds the equipment utilized by ground maintenance personnel. As a result, the system is able to compensate for loss of power thresholds by adjusting the transmitter power output and is able to reconfigure in a deterministic fashion in that it "knows" where the exact failure is.
Because the system of the present invention incorporates a built-in fault detection and isolation system, ground crews are not required to validate the system with additional hardware. The system confidence level exceeds that associated with prior art fiber-optic cross-channel data links due to the ability to verify integrity after the components are installed. It has been a requirement of the prior art systems that signals be injected into the fiber with the plural computers disconnected. Hence, when the connection is re-established, the contact itself is still in question. With the present invention, faults detected during a previous flight are made available to maintenance personnel in prognosticating repair actions.
Furthermore, because only three fibers are required to provide a fault tolerant system in accordance with the present invention, a higher reliability level is achieved, when compared to the prior art and, in addition, continued operation can be enhanced through fault detection and dynamic reconfiguration.
It is accordingly an object of this invention to provide a cross-channel data link having improved fault detection and fault isolation capability.
It is a further object of this invention to provide dynamic link degradation measurements and optical power management to detect impending failure and to insure adequate operating margins while maintaining optical transmitter power at the lowest possible level.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a graceful degradation through dynamic isolation and reconfiguration.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide an improved signal modulation and demodulation scheme which, in addition to enabling performance level measurement, provides better signal to noise margins.
A novel feature of the instant invention is the use of wavelength division multiplexing to improve fault diagnostic capability. Wavelength division multiplexing is a fairly well-known method by which a single optical fiber can support multiple channels and duplex operation. Each channel uses a different wavelength optical transmitter to communicate in a different region of the optical spectrum, analogous to the way radio signals are distinguished in the radio frequency spectrum. Optical gratings provide selective detection of each wavelength, analogous to the tuned circuits of radio receivers. Although it is well known to consider wavelength division multiplexing for long line communication where the added complexity of the circuitry can be weighed against many miles of optical fiber, it is not considered to be useful for short distance communication. However, in the context of the instant invention, it provides a unique advantage in maintainability and reliability of the fault tolerant computing system.
Described is a cross-channel data link which is operable to provide communication between the plural computing elements of an N-modularly redundant computing system in which the data link comprises a multiplicity of nodes interconnected in a ring configuration with each node being coupled to a clockwise adjacent node via a single optical fiber and to a counterclockwise adjacent node, via a different single optical fiber. Each node is coupled to one computing element of the N-modularly redundant computing system. Each of the nodes include a first and a second optical transmitter, a first and a second optical receiver, a first wavelength division multiplexing means coupled to the first optical transmitter and to the first optical receiver for multiplexing an optical signal transmitted by the node and traveling in a clockwise direction with an optical signal received by the node and traveling in a counterclockwise direction through the single optical fiber which joins the clockwise adjacent nodes.
Similarly, a second wavelength division multiplexing means is provided that is coupled to the second optical transmitter and the second optical receiver for multiplexing an optical signal transmitted by the node and traveling in a counterclockwise direction with an optical signal received by the node traveling in a clockwise direction through the single optical fiber joining the counterclockwise adjacent nodes. Each node also includes a controller that is coupled to one of the plural computing elements for exchanging data indicative of the instantaneous state of the plural computing elements. A two-stage modulator is also coupled to the controller and to the first and second transmitters while a two-stage demodulator is likewise coupled to the controller and to the first and second optical receivers.
In accordance with the present invention, the aforementioned two-stage modulator and two-stage demodulator include a first stage of the quadrature amplitude modulator type. The second stage of the two-stage modulator and the two-stage demodulator is of the frequency modulation type.
The aforementioned controller comprises a buffer memory along with a suitable control circuit for storing data received from each of the adjacent nodes during a first recurring time interval in the buffer memory and for propagating the data stored in the buffer memory to each of the adjacent nodes during a second time interval.
The features, objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals in the several views refer to corresponding parts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustration of a prior art triple-modularly redundant computing system incorporating a fiber-optic, cross-channel data link;
FIG. 2 illustrates by means of a block diagram a cross-channel data link illustrative of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates the organization of a data packet assembled in the node controllers;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the cross-channel data transmission protocol; and
FIG. 5 is a more detailed block diagram of the cross-channel data link node in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a cross-channel data link which is illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the invention. As in the prior art arrangement of FIG. 1, communication with the other elements which comprise a fault tolerant system is via bidirectional data buses 11, 13, and 15 which connect to the computers 10, 12 and 14 of FIG. 1. The cross-channel data link is comprised of three nodes, 60, 62 and 64, which are interconnected in a ring configuration by only three optical fibers 66, 68 and 70, rather than six as in FIG. 1. Wavelength division multiplexing permits full duplex communication in a single optical ring. Wavelength λ1 is a particular wavelength within the passband of the optical fiber which is modulated to provide communication in a clockwise direction through the ring while λ2 is a different wavelength sufficiently separated from λ1 that data can be simultaneously sent through the ring in a counterclockwise direction with substantially no crosstalk. Each node contains:
(a) two wavelength division multiplexers (WDM) 72-82;
(b) a λ1 transmitter 84-88;
(c) a λ1 receiver 90-94;
(d) a λ2 transmitter 96-100;
(e) a λ2 receiver 102-106; and
(f) a link node controller 108-112.
In a typical system, each of node controllers 108-112 and optical data links 66-70 represent, or are a part of, a different line replaceable unit. Since first level maintenance is typically accomplished by fault isolation and replacement, it is very desirable to conclusively isolate any fault to a single line replaceable unit. In the prior art, certain faults could not be isolated to a single unit. For example, in FIG. 1, the observation that a message launched from node 26 is not received by node 30 leaves the ambiguity that the optical transmitter 48, optical fiber 34, or receiver 54 is faulty. In the preferred embodiment, any optical fiber fault results in a loss of communication in both directions which can be readily distinguished from faults internal to the node which produce a unidirectional loss. This feature is combined with additional structure in each node to further enhance maintainability.
The cross-channel data link node controllers 108-112 may take a variety of forms ranging from a relatively simple controller which, at a minimum, performs the functions assigned to the two lowest levels of the seven layer protocol defined by ISO/OSI, i.e., "Physical" and "Transport" layers as those items are defined in the International Standards Organization Open System Interconnect specification, to highly autonomous controllers which additionally provide processing which might otherwise be performed by the respective computers. In particular, the Built In Test (BIT) processing, which will be subsequently described, may be variously apportioned between the node controller and the respective computer.
The function of the cross-channel data link is to permit computers 10-14 (FIG. 1) to periodically exchange the data needed to determine each others' health, to confirm synchronization or, alternatively, to re-establish synchronization in the event that it is anomalously lost. The data required is the set of machine state variables which uniquely define the last step of the application program a given computer has completed at a particular point in time. The instant invention additionally requires that BIT (Built in Test) data be exchanged.
An example of one protocol which accomplishes this will be described with the aid of FIG. 3, which indicates the organization of the data packet periodically assembled by each of node controllers 108-112 for transmission to their respective computers (not shown) which are coupled to the bidirectional data buses 11, 13 and 15. The designations n+1 and n-1 refer to the computers and nodes positioned on the ring relative to the subject computer, n, in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction, respectively. Consider, for example, computer 12 and node 110. The primary half-frame is a block of 16 bit words comprised of four fields; namely, the state variables from computer 10, BIT data corresponding to node 60, computer 14 state variables and node 64 BIT data. Each field preferably contains an error correction-sub-field. The secondary half-frame is the identical data found in the primary half-frame, but derived using alternative data routing through the data link.
Operation of the data link proceeds as follows: Each data link node controller contains its own crystal controlled primary timing source from which the timing required to exchange a frame of data is established. Upon system initialization, all nodes cooperatively execute a procedure which brings them into frame synchronization. All subsequent inter-node data transfers occur synchronously, frame-by-frame. During the first half of each frame, each node controller receives the primary half-frame and assembles it in a buffer memory. During the second half of the frame, each node controller receives and assembles the redundant secondary half-frame. Concurrent with the assembly of the next frame, each node controller composes and transmits a selected-half-frame from the buffer memory to its respective computer. The primary half-frame is sent, providing it contains no errors. In the event of errors in a given field of the primary half-frame, the corresponding field of the secondary half-frame is substituted, provided it contains no errors or if it contains correctable soft errors, while the primary half-frame field contains uncorrectable hard errors. In an alternative embodiment, where the node controller may perform BIT, any part of the BIT data may be conditionally suppressed for the data packet sent to the computer.
FIG. 4 graphically depicts the transmission protocol. For clarity, data link nodes 60, 62 and 64 have been designated A, B and C, respectively. The pair of lines interconnecting the nodes correspond to the duplex channel of each of the interconnecting optical fibers. The outer (clockwise) ring corresponds to the λ1 channel while the inner ring corresponds to the λ2 channel. The two character designation associated with each channel is indicative of the channel utilization. The first character indicates the data transmitted during the first half of the frame while the second character indicates the data transmitted during the second half of the frame. Note during the first half-frame, all data propagates one place in a clockwise direction via the λ1 channels and one place in a counterclockwise direction via the λ2 channels, with the results of these transfers accumulated in the buffer memories of the respective destination nodes, thus providing a complete exchange of data. During the second half-frame, the data accumulated in the buffer memories is forwarded to the next adjacent node. Again, this is done simultaneously in both a clockwise and counterclockwise direction. The result is that the secondary half-frame contains the identical data found in the primary half-frame; however, it is sent via a circuitous route which does not depend upon the channel used to send a given field of data for the primary half-frame. This is one of the features which enables the data link to tolerate any single point failure, including the loss of any one optical fiber.
FIG. 5 is a detailed block diagram of the cross-channel data link node. The preferred embodiment employs two substantially identical optical components 140 and 142. Optical component 140 is comprised of an optical transmitter 84 which generates an optical signal of wavelength λ, most of which is directly passed through the diffraction grating of wavelength division multiplexer 72 and is coupled into optical fiber 66. This signal is designated λ1 per the convention previously established. A small fraction of the λ1 optical signal is reflected by the optical grating to power sensor 114. Power sensor 114 generates a feedback signal to power control circuit 116 which is indicative of the optical power generated by transmitter 84. Power sensor 114 also generates a status bit which provides a pass/fail indication to node controller 108. Power control circuit 116 employs the power sensor feedback signal to control the electrical input power of transmitter 84 such that a specified level of optical power is launched into the optical fiber independent of environmental stress or component aging. The optical power level is specified by a digital BIT signal on line 118, provided by node controller 108. A more detailed description of this type of optical power control is contained in U.S. Pat. No. 4,991,229 issued to Larry A. Nelson et al. and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The teachings of that patent are hereby incorporated by reference.
Mixer 120 provides three sources for the electrical input signal of transmitter 84. The signal which performs this selection is provided by node controller 108. For normal operation, the selected signal is also provided by node controller 108, via quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) encoder 122 and voltage controlled oscillator 124.
The bit serial data from node controller 108 is encoded into two serial data streams; one of odd bits and the other of even bits. QAM encoder 122 generates a sine wave from which normal and quadrature carriers are derived. The odd serial bit stream modulates the odd carrier while the even bit stream modulates the quadrature carrier. The two modulated carriers are summed to form a quadrature amplitude modulated signal of the type conventionally used for radio frequency communication. A more detailed description of QAM can be found in the publication titled "Information, Transmission, Modulation and Noise" by Mischa Schwartz, McGraw Hill, Third Edition, 1980. A novel feature of the present invention is the additional step of further modulating the QAM signal to improve noise margins and allow performance level measurement. Although the QAM signal might be directly used to directly drive the fiber-optic transmitter, it is advantageous to interpose a frequency modulator. This is preferably accomplished with a Gallium Arsenide voltage controlled oscillator 124.
Noise is reduced to improve system reliability and survivability. More importantly, a measurement of the noise power density provides parametric information regarding the health of the data link which can be used to predict impending failure. It has been observed that with this type of double modulation, noise power density varies inversely and continuously with data link attenuation. Therefore, this one parameter is capable of detecting degradation of the transmitter, the wavelength division multiplexer, the optical couplings, optical fiber and the receiver, i.e., the entire physical link. It is thus possible to measure the effect of all environmental stress on the physical link, e.g., temperature or micro-bending of the optical fiber.
Discriminator 126 performs frequency demodulation to restore the signal from receiver 102 to a quadrature amplitude modulated signal. QAM decoder 128 further demodulates the received signal such that its output corresponds to the bit serial data generated by the QAM encoder of an adjacent node. Noise detector circuit 130 generates a digital exchange link BIT signal which is indicative of the average noise density of the QAM signal at the output of discriminator 126. Suitable noise detection apparatus is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,947,459 entitled "Fiber Optic Link Noise Measurement and Optimization System". This signal is sensed by node controller 108 and is incorporated into the BIT field of the data packet exchanged with other node controllers.
The noise level measurement capability and the full duplex mode of operation permit a measurement of the noise for a given link as follows:
1. Measure the noise in the λ1 channel with a constant voltage at the input of voltage controlled oscillator 124. Note that this parameter is generated by noise detection 130 and is communicated from the remote node to the local node via the BIT field.
2. Measure the total noise of the λ1 and λ2 channel in a loop back configuration with an unmodulated QAM carrier provided as input to voltage controlled oscillator 124.
3. Determine the noise of the λ2 channel by subtracting the noise measured in step 1 with the noise measured in step 2.
It is desirable to provide loopback or echo of received data to the transmitting node for diagnostic purposes. During diagnostic testing, mixer 120 may select the output of λ2 receiver 102 to loopback the signal received from optical fiber 66. Alternatively, receiver 90 may be selected for loopback on optical fiber 68.
The combined features of full duplex operation, measurement and control of optical power and noise level measurement, permit a variety of advantageous diagnostic strategies. For example, during maintenance diagnostics any node may determine the transmitted power corresponding to the soft error threshold. This is accomplished by incrementally decrementing the power of one of its transmitters and monitoring the BIT field returned by the destination node. Alternatively, during run time diagnostics any node may dynamically adjust transmitter power to compensate for transient environmental stress such that a minimally sufficient signal to noise ratio is maintained, e.g., three to four db over the measured noise. Controlling transmitter power to the actual level required, rather than a calculated worst case, allows the average power to be dramatically reduced, thus extending the mean time before failure of the transmitter without compromising bit error rate.
Although only a three node data link has thus far been considered, it is possible to extend the concept to any number of nodes. For example, five nodes requires that the synchronization frame comprise four fields, and that for each successive field, data is passed four places in both a clockwise and counterclockwise direction. This requires a higher bandwidth which may be accomplished by increasing the number of bits per symbol for quadrature amplitude modulation.
The components required for passing data through a computer from fiber to fiber are a minimum set consisting of the wavelength division multiplexer, the optical receiver, and the optical transmitter. These components have been found to contribute less than 0.05 failures per million hours to the link. The computers, processors, or other functional components cannot alter the data as it passes through, nor can their failure prohibit its transference. The only requirement is for the low level power required to operate the receiver and transmitter. Also, a side benefit is that there is no processor overhead required for handling this data. Control of the power levels by the system during self-test and during operation provides for increased reliability through operational power reduction, reduced transmitter and receiver costs, and the previously mentioned self-correction capability for in-flight threshold shifts.
This invention has been described herein in considerable detail in order to comply with the Patent Statutes and to provide those skilled in the art with the information needed to apply the novel principles and to construct and use such specialized components as are required. However, it is to be understood that the invention can be carried out by specifically different equipment and devices, and that various modifications, both as to the equipment details and operating procedures, can be accomplished without departing from the scope of the invention itself.
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SOUTH WHITLEY ŌĆö South Whitley is planning on making a plan.
What started as rumblings by several residents earlier in the summer is shaping up to become what some hope is a road map to making the Southwestern Whitley County town a true success story.
ŌĆ£This summer I met with leaders from the town of South Whitley in my capacity as the community development person from the EDC (Whitley County Economic Development Corporation,ŌĆØ said Lori Shipman, one of the countyŌĆÖs foremost experts on grant writing and economic development.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö The second forum regarding the future of Burnworth Memorial Pool will be held Saturday at 1 p.m. at the Peabody Public Library, 1160 E. Ind. 205 in Columbia City.
Concerns about the condition of the pool prompted the first forum, held Aug. 22, where members of the community who attended the meeting shared opinions to members of the cityŌĆÖs park board as well as Mayor Ryan Daniel.
With pool attendance slowly dwindling, the public discussed the pros and cons of several different options, keeping aquatics at the center point for the future of the city.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Art of all kinds will be displayed on the courthouse lawn Saturday. The 11th Annual Juried Whitley County Autumn Art Festival will be from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., rain or shine. Admission is free.
The local Boy Scouts Troop #94 will start the morning off with an opening celebration. The rest of the day will feature other local acts performing under the gazebo and around the courthouse.
For the art lover, an array of juried artists will sell their wares. Items to be displayed include everything from woodworking, pottery and gourd art to jewelry, metal work and photography.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö The Whitley County Council approved $22,911 for an electric light project at Columbia CityŌĆÖs courthouse and annex building at its meeting Wednesday.
ŌĆ£ItŌĆÖs something weŌĆÖre going to have to do soon,ŌĆØ said Mark Sturtevant with the courthouseŌĆÖs maintenance department.
ŌĆ£The only advantage of trying to do it yet this year is to get the rebates.ŌĆØ
Sturtevant said if the council did not move the project forward now, it would have to take place the next year, and the rebates would no longer be offered.
ŌĆ£WeŌĆÖll be forced to do it then,ŌĆØ said Sturtevant.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö In the last month, fraud has become a prevalent topic in the area.
According to Columbia City Police Det. Chip Stephenson, several people in the area have fallen victim to a malicious computer virus.
ŌĆ£I talked to a guy from BE Comics & Computers (in Columbia City), who said heŌĆÖs had eight or nine computers in the last few weeks that have had viruses,ŌĆØ Stephenson said. ŌĆ£People have been contacted via home phone with someone saying, ŌĆśhey this is such-and-such with Microsoft. We need you to do an update for your computer.ŌĆÖŌĆØ
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö With the state reducing the number of visits the health department is required to make to restaurants every year, the Whitley County Health Department is looking to revise its Food Establishment Ordinance.
Dr. Lisa Hatcher, health officer at the Whitley County Health Department, came before the Whitley County Council at its Wednesday meeting to make the board aware of the revisions being made, which would need to be approved by the council to become law.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö The City of Columbia City announced Tuesday that trick-or-treat will be held between the hours of 6 to 8 p.m. on Halloween night, Oct. 31.
Government officials are urging citizens to use caution while driving on that night as hundreds of children will be going door to door throughout Columbia City collecting candy.
The fire department will also be handing out candy and glow sticks at the Columbia City Fire Station.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö The Whitley County Health Department may have future plans which include seeking to achieve national accreditation.
During the Whitley County Council meeting Wednesday, Health Officer Dr. Lisa Hatcher, told the board the move would boost the health department by putting it on a national level.
CHURUBUSCO ŌĆö The efforts to make ChurubuscoŌĆÖs schools more secure had an unexpected price tag, causing the Smith-Green Community Schools Board of School Trustees to slightly adjust plans for a major renovation project.
ŌĆ£It was certainly not what we were hoping for,ŌĆØ said Greg Wehling, vice president of Moake Park, the architects coordinating SGCSŌĆÖs $5 million-plus school rebuild.
According to Wehling, one item in the low bid by Fetters Construction came in nearly $100,000 higher than expected.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö A feedstock manufacturer will open a new facility in Rail Connect Business Park east of Columbia City, the Whitley County Economic Development Corporation announced today.
The new facility is expected to bring with it 22 new jobs by 2015, according to an EDC press release.
The company, Indiana Materials Processing, LLC, will establish the first production facility in Rail Connect with construction expected to begin in October.
A complete, in-depth article will appear in the Thursday edition of The Post & Mail.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Homeland Security Department went live this week with its Einstein 3 automated intrusion detection system, the latest iteration of a continuous monitoring program designed to protect government agencies from malicious cyber activities.
Einstein 3 builds on the two previous versions of the DHS-managed security service, now offering capabilities that go beyond observing network information flow and signature-based threat detection. The new form of the program works with Internet service providers to detect malicious traffic and stop it. The program additionally provides officials with key decision-making information shared among participating organizations.
"We're going to get a lot of perimeter information from Einstein 3," Bobbie Stempfley, acting assistant secretary of DHS' Office of Cybersecurity and Communications, said at an industry event in Washington on July 24, the day of the roll-out. "We've got these information exchanges that we do with departments and agencies, with companies. We get information in, we share that back out with security operations centers across the enterprise and with the other security centers in the critical infrastructure entities. So we've got this information flowing that's actionable, it's good. We have to make decisions – information is useful only when it's actionable and when it helps you make better decisions."
Einstein initially launched in 2004, with Einstein 2 following in 2008. Einstein 2 is deployed at roughly 70 government agencies, and is expected to be fielded at 70 percent of executive branch agencies by the end of fiscal 2013, according to FCW sister publication GCN.
Stempfley declined to identify the first agency to go live with Einstein 3, but she did say the Veterans Affairs Department would be the next, most likely by mid-August.
DHS provides the continuous diagnostics and mitigation services to users that enter into memorandums of agreement. So far, 20 of 23 of major departments and agencies have signed the MOAs – a major feat for federal cybersecurity, Stempfley said
"Three years ago when I walked in the door and we were working on Einstein, I could not have said that," she said. "We're in a different place now. ... Thankfully we're in a place where everybody cares about cybersecurity. We have a ready and waiting audience for when the capability comes out."
Moving away from simple compliance and into more active defense is critical, and the conversations happening today – conversations that not so long ago were not taking place – illustrate the level of buy-in by leadership, she said.
"Let's mature ourselves as a community; let's have not just the technical conversation, but have the more advanced, direct conversations that enable us to make decisions, using all this information," Stempfley said. "As we transition from what we did in the past, our score or grade from the past, to what we're going to be able to do in the future, you have to have all of that insight. We're having these discussions across agencies and we're happy to have the dialog with executives at that CIO level."
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Amber Corrin is a former staff writer for FCW and Defense Systems.
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Steve Kelman considers the costs of corruption in Mexico, China, and most developing countries -- and argues that Americans should keep their own government troubles in perspective.
Agency leaders must proactively invest time, energy and resources to shape the future rather than reactively wait for change to happen.
Meet 24 men and women who are driving key changes in federal IT -- and shaping up as the community's likely leaders of tomorrow.
GSA's administrator talks with FCW about short-term hiring, long-term planning and Robert Frost.
Without a future vision and an appetite for risk, reforms lead down a rabbit hole. There is a better way.
VA's top tech official says he is balancing risks while trying to keep the department's online services open for business.
After five years on the job, the founding director of the Office of Government Information Services believes that a deeper understanding and acceptance of FOIA is seeping into the federal government.
The September attack, made public Nov. 10, potentially puts customer and employee personal information at risk, including addresses, Social Security numbers and emails.
The General Services Administration's Matthew Goodrich predicts more agency-driven authorizations and previews a new two-year road map.
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Dark Knight Rises Premiere Shooting Leaves 12 Dead in Colorado; James Holmes in Custodyby Hilton Hater at . Comments
Tragedy struck the town of Aurora, Colorado early this morning, as a gunman opened fire at a movie theater during a midnight showing of The Dark Knight Rises.
At the moment, 12 people are confirmed dead and 71 wounded as a result of the incident.
According to various witness accounts and police reports, the suspect tossed some kind of smoke bomb into the theater and opened fire in front of the screen. He was reportedly wearing a gas mask and a bullet proof vest and carrying at least a rifle and a handgun.
The unidentified, alleged murderer is in his early 20s, a police spokesman says, and did not put up a fight when apprehended.*
"We will do everything that we can to support the people of Aurora in this extraordinarily difficult time. As we do when confronted by moments of darkness and challenge, we must now come together as one American family," said President Obama in a statement, adding:
"All of us must have the people of Aurora in our thoughts and prayers as they confront the loss of family, friends, and neighbors, and we must stand together with them in the challenging hours and days to come," said Obama, promising he would do everything in his power to bring those responsible to justice.
"We are committed to bringing whoever was responsible to justice, ensuring the safety of our people, and caring for those who have been wounded."
Aurora is a Denver suburb and is approximately 13 miles from Littleton, Colorado, the site of the Columbine High School shooting in April 1999.
*UPDATE: The suspect has been identified as a 24-year old named James Holmes.
More and more, all of this shooting, killing and violence is so senseless and appalling. As for that punk-ass murdering James Holmes...MAY HE ROT IN HELL!!!!! MURDERING BASTARD!!!!!
This is so senseless .people are just losing there fuckin mind.to all da families god bless.too da killer my your soul rott in hell u sick fuck.watch his asd put his ass on strict suicide watch dont let him get off dat easy.too everyone life is to short.start living life to da fullest.you never know you just never know !!!!!!!
Psychological research into shooters, says they do it because they are almost always clinical psychopaths, and always planned out. They almost always do it for attention and to be forever remembered.
Maybe the news should start calling shooters by numbers, like SHOOTER 242, and conceal their identiy forever. Would this help, since they do it for attention, power, and fame?
The comments on here are F***ing ridiculous. 12 people have just lost their lives and 50 more wounded. Instead of RIP messages, well keep your family in our prayer and I hope justice is served. All we can talk about is race... Race should be the last thing on our mind right now, this demon wanted attention so he ruined lives and traumatized children. To the families that were affected by this horrible losers action, no one deserved to go through that just because they wanted a nice evening out with their loved ones. I pray justice is served and you're families are able to pick up the pieces.
Goodbye folks.I cannot tolerate Matt and his several user names today posting tons of racist comments toward blacks.He will blame a black for the shooting someway.
I'm sorry this is not the time to implement race or politics.
That is sick. Men have power struggle mental empowerment against one another. It is a man thing.
@Matt we know you are truth.You are the only one on here who is racist.You change your name due to making people think there is tons of racist commenting.You are very sick.
Bullets do not see color.Stop the hate.
Life is fragile it's important how you treat people.


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Ipanema Apartment Rental Photos and Description
Cozy and comfortable 2qtos equipadíssimo Ipanema 80m ²
Warm and full equipped with air in the room and qtos 2, 3 new bathrooms, rich kitchen appliances and utensils, in the heart of Ipanema steps of friendly restaurants and cafes, 10minutes walk from the beach, 3 new bathrooms, large laundry area equipped washing machine and dryer, iron and ironing table. Imposing building 24 hour concierge, intercom, security cameras, 2 apartments per share lift and 2 service lifts. All service facilities and varied trade, near the Farme de Amoedo, gastronomic pole of Ipanema.
Linens 200fios pure cotton and bath towels with seedlings for trade,
We have another announcement 3015045 fit in next to the beach.
- Suitability:
- Long-term Renters Welcome
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MLBAM (Major League Baseball Advanced Media), the interactive media branch of North America's major baseball organization, is in the process of installing iBeacons in a host of stadiums across the continent. The San Francisco Giants is the latest club to implement the technology and is aiming to enhance the experience for fans at its AT&T Park by using the proximity sensors to push exclusive offers, seat upgrades and other information to Bluetooth-enabled Apple iOS7 devices. Read More
AryaBall: Sports equipment meets the nesting doll
At first glance, AryaBall looks like a soccer ball and a baseball bat. However, where it gets interesting is when you take the soccer ball apart and find a football, baseball and flying disc tucked inside ... like an outdoor sports version of a nesting doll. Read More
Zepp Labs outs 3D swing analysis systems for baseball, golf and tennis
Zepp Labs' training systems for Baseball, Golf and Tennis go on sale this week, offering sophisticated scientific analysis in three of the most commonly played and universally loved sports. A small bat/racket/glove-mounted unit containing a powerful ARM processor and multiple sensors, captures data at 1,000 data points per second on the athlete's swing, then transfers that data via Bluetooth to a smartphone or tablet for immediate analysis and feedback. Read More
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1-9 of 9 properties for sale found
£450,000 Offers in Region of
Offers in Region of £450,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale Cilcennin, Ceredigion
Situated in a delightful, private and picturesque setting, this approx 24 acre holding provides for good sized accommodation together with a fine range of traditional stone outbuildings, ripe for conversion into further residential accommodation along the lines of holiday cottages etc.(subject to... More details ›
£399,000 Guide Price
- Photos: 28
- Floorplans: 0
Guide Price £399,000
4 bedroom farm for sale Cilcennin, Cededigion
A 4 BEDROOM DETACHED PERIOD FARMHOUSE EXTENDED IN 1990. SET IN 8.5 ACRES OF ORGANIC PASTURELAND WITH AN ACRE LAKE AND SOME WOODLAND. DOUBLE GARAGE/WORKSHOP. A LARGE PRIVATELY LOCATED PROPERTY WITH ABUNDANT WILDLIFE, PEACE AND QUIET. OFFERED WITH NO ONWARD CHAIN AND ANNEX POSSIBILITES EER 44/... More details ›
4 bedroom detached house for sale Blaenlluest, Cilcennin, Lampeter, Ceredigion
An opportunity of acquiring a lovely country smallholding which provides a 4 bedroomed residence, an useful range of outbuildings, 9 acres of land with grazing rights on 25 acres of crown land and a further 25 acres of common land. A mixture of deciduous woodland and grassland with wildlife ponds... More details ›
Added on 30/10/2008 by Morgan & Davies, Aberaeron. Call: 01545 644002 Local call rate
4 bedroom detached house for sale Rhiwlas Uchaf, Cilcennin, Nr Aberaeron, Ceredigion
RETREAT TO THE COUNTRY ! Delightful Traditional Country Smallholding Spacious 4 Bed stone & slate Farmhouse Family Proportioned Space and Light in Abundance. Easily Split into 2 UnitsCentral HeatingDouble Glazing Stable Block Equestrian Delight ! No Chain Productive Pasture Paddock... More details ›
Reduced on 24/10/2014 by Morgan & Davies, Aberaeron. Call: 01545 644002 Local call rate
Cottage for sale Hendraws, Cilcennin, Lampeter, Ceredigion
*** One of the last remaining development opportunities *** Delightful derelict farmhouse with planning consent for renovation & extension *** Range of dilapidated former stone barns with further potential *** Useful modern barn suitable for a diverse range of uses *** App... More details ›
Added on 06/10/2012 by Morgan & Davies, Lampeter. Call: 01570 644002 Local call rate
3 bedroom detached bungalow for sale Sycamore, Cilcennin, Nr Aberaeron, Ceredigion
Detached L Shaped Bungalow 3 Beds Central Heating Conservatory Double Glazing Garage Edge of Village Location Border open fields at rear Pleasant easily maintained grounds Deceptively Spacious and has to be viewed internally to be appreciated Nicely Appointed throughout The Accommodation ... More details ›
Added on 07/10/2014 by Morgan & Davies, Aberaeron. Call: 01545 644002 Local call rate
3 bedroom cottage for sale Groesffordd, Cilcennin, Lampeter, Ceredigion
Morgan & Davies are now in receipt of an offer for the sum of £205,000 (Two Hundred And Five Thousand Pounds) for 'Groesffordd, Cilcennin, Lampeter, Ceredigion. SA48 8RT Anyone wishing to place an offer on the property should contact Morgan & Davies, Lampeter Office on 015704236... More details ›
Added on 22/09/2014 by Morgan & Davies, Lampeter. Call: 01570 644002 Local call rate
£164,950 Offers in Region of
Offers in Region of £164,950
2 bedroom detached bungalow for sale Cilcennin, Ceredigion
Detached bungalow situated on a pleasant site within the rural village of Cilcennin. The well presented property provides for 3 receptions, and 2 bedroomed accommodation. The lounge has an attractive high beamed ceiling and brick feature fireplace, whilst the conservatory at the rear, which measu... More details ›
- Photos: 5
- Floorplans: 0
3 bedroom commercial property for sale The Commercial Inn, Cilcennin, Lampeter, Ceredigion
A traditional Grade II Listed Former Village Inn, a substantial commercial premises of excellent diversification potential (Subject to consents). It offers the ground floor commercial area plus spacious 3/4 bedroomed proprietors accommodation over. Also the option of acquiring the Ground Floor of... More details ›
Added on 29/04/2010 by Morgan & Davies, Aberaeron. Call: 01545 644002 Local call rate
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Former NHL coach Pat Quinn dies
Pat Quinn, who had the highest points/winning percentage of any Leaf coach and had an accomplished NHL career, has died.
Pat Quinn earned his respect
On the day we mourn the passing of Pat Quinn, here is some insight into the former NHL player. coach and GM.
Captain Erik Karlsson will support Alfie's decision no matter what
Father time may have finally caught up with man who many believe is a second father to captain Erik Karlsson.
Maple Leafs' late push leaves Mike Babcock in shock
Perhaps the biggest compliment for the Maple Leafs' effort on Saturday came from Detroit Red Wings coach Mike Babcock, who seemed surprised by Toronto's surge in the third period.
Philadelphia Flyers GM Hextall is open to trades
Ron Hextall is ready to make changes, but he needs to find a dance partner.
Someone broke Brian Elliott's jock cup
It takes a rare breed of human being to want to stop hockey pucks for a living, but there are a select few who actually enjoy it, despite the dangers.
Maple Leafs get confidence boost with Red Wings win
How was this for something different — a sensible, sane and successful Saturday night for the Maple Leafs?
Leafs captain Phaneuf under the microscope
Dion Phaneuf's leadership understandably has been raked over the coals the past few days — his legions of bashers would claim it's been more like years, actually — but on this night, there was something different.
Leafs give fans what they want ... sort of
You have to wonder if someone from management said something to the players. Shortly after the final buzzer sounded on Saturday night following a 4- 1 victory over the Detroit Red Wings, the Maple Leafs raised their sticks in salute.
Cherry Pickin': Don Cherry rips fan who tossed Leafs jersey
It was a rare occasion to see Don Cherry and Ron MacLean in different time zones while hosting Coach's Corner on Saturday.


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Multicolor Ombre Stemless Wine Glass Set
Deep Sea Sand Art
Mother Nestling Birds Necklace
$70.00 - 79.00
New York Times Custom Birthday Book
Mother Of the World Necklace
Revolver Pen Holder
Birth Announcement Pillows
Personalized Tree Trunk Glassware Duo
Meditation Box
She Believed She Could Framed Art Block
$50.00 - 85.00
Fire Escape Shelf
Succulent Living Wall Planter Kit
Pocket DJ Mixer
Dog blueprint pillows
Falling Feather Necklace
Blowing Leaves Copper Mobiles
Super Nerdy ABC Chart
$45.00 - 100.00
Photobotanicus Fern Statement Pillow
Vintage Postmark Memento Necklace
Papillion Rose Necklace
Teak Boat Candle
African Patch Shower Curtain
Bubble Wrap Glass Set
Kentucky Derby Churchill Downs Bottle Opener
Personalized Super Nerdy Framed Art Block
$55.00 - 85.00
3D Rectangle Necklace
Three Cube Necklace
Salvaged Furniture Wood Crystalline Necklace
Salvaged Furniture Wood Lotus Necklace
LA Times Custom Birthday Book
Elevate Stainless Steel Carousel Utensil Set
Wheel Thrown Double Tiered Jewelry Bowl
Tannenbaum Holiday Tree
Lavender Artist Set
Upcycled Cashmere Sweaters Scarf
Birch iPhone Charging Dock
Upcycled Bottle Pendant Lamp
Hidden Word Love Scarf
Arcade Spinner Lazy Susan
Silver Sunflower View Necklace
Silver Lotus View Necklace
Nelson Mandela Inspirational Necklace
Turquoise Oval Ring
Madagascar Handwoven Raffia Clutch
Madagascar Hand Embroidered Bag
Olive Swirl Ruffle Serving Bowl
Ocean Wave Ruffle Serving Bowl
Pocket Knife Cufflinks
School Memory Book
Photobotanicus Timothy Statement Pillow
Varietal Honey Flight
Hand Dipped Tagua Fragment Bracelet
Grandmother's Garden of Love Necklace
Fold Over Tire Tube Bag
Canvas Fire Hose Utility Tote Bag
Mixed Metals Gold Ring
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Rustling Leaves Earrings
Concrete and Stainless Steel Ring
Eat Rainbows Platter and Bowl
Bike Chain Bowl
'A Sister Is A Forever Friend' Necklace
9 Key Typewriter Bracelet
Curve Touch Lamp
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Basketball Arena Bottle Openers
Continent Pillows - Set of 3
Love and Luck Copper Reliquary Boxes
Recycled Bike Tube Purse: The Magnolia
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Jewelry Tree
President Block Set
Personalized Tree Anniversary Plate
Personalized Heart Anniversary Plate
Reach for the Moon Pendant
Desktop Sand Windows
Sangria Pitcher
Heart in Hand
Blue Owl Necklace
Gnome-Be-Gone Decision Maker
Bullet Casing Cufflinks
Parent Nestling Necklaces
BBQ Briefcase
Personalized Wedding Bowl
Perched Parrot
Hanging Perched Parrot
Upcycled USPS Mail Sack Tote
I'll Be There Necklace
Children Are The Anchors Necklace
Custom Totem Necklace
Penny Necklace With Personalized Year
Railroad Date Nail Cufflinks
Heart Bowl
Bronze Custom Map Key Ring
Agate Cheese Sets
Cupa Glasses & Wood Holder
Cutout Penny & Dime Cufflinks
Multi-Color Erosion Bowl
Couples Engraved Wrap Bracelets Set of Two
Teal Kaleidoscope Necklace
Etched Champagne Flutes - Set of 2
Twiddle White Pitcher
Star Cymbal Earrings
Cymbal of Peace Earrings
Dog Lawn Stakes
$75.00 - 100.00
Auto Timing Desk Clock
2013 Birth Year Shadowbox
Love Birch Cuff
Personalized Love Birch Cuff
Banyan Leaf Table Lamp
Custom I AM...Pendant
Personalized Baby Stroller Blanket
Grandma Infinite Joy Personalized Art
Grandma Exponential Love Personalized Art
Stoneware Compost Container
Dad Infinite Joy Personalized Art
Grandpa Infinite Joy Personalized Art
Grandpa Exponential Love Personalized Art
Mom Infinite Joy Personalized Art
Mom Exponential Love Personalized Art
Phonograph Patent Wall Art
Birds and Blooms Art - Individual States
Be Brave Framed Art Block
Birds and Blooms Pillows - Individual States
Birds and Blooms Pillows - US Map
Keep Your Face to the Sunshine Framed Art Block
Don't Quit Your Daydream Framed Art Block
$50.00 - 95.00
Silver USB Cufflinks


text:
In his most recent interview with DJ Z, Pitbull let us all in on his simple yet damned-near-foolproof strategy for success in today's unforgiving music industry: just drop hits, hits, and more hits. In addition to moving albums, that tactic makes unauthorized leaks less of a liability and more of an opportunity. Across the World is a case in point; leaked last Wednesday, the cut has now been selected as the official follow-up to Rebelution single number four, Hotel Room Service. Does the track have what it takes to score Pit another chart smash? You'd better believe it! With an understated, genuinely catchy sung hook and verse by buzzmaking ATLien B.o.B (aka Bobby Ray), a crisp eight-bit beat by Jim Jonsin, and, of course, the Latin-rap heavyweight's crowd-pleasing rhymes, this wistful ode to the international grind has a bubbly appeal few will be able to resist. After five singles, listeners should know exactly what to expect from Pit's latest full-length—if you've got a taste for hip-hop ear candy of the street or club-oriented variety, pick up your copy of Rebelution when it hits record stores and online retailers September 1st.
Written by richard on 08/23/09
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It's about time. Frankie Beverly is one of the hardest working men in show business and has been for the past four decades. His hard work and contributions to music will be honored next month at the 12th Annual BET Awards, where he will receive a Lifetime Achievement Award. The Philadelphia native found some limited success in his native city, but didn't quite fit the polished Philly soul sound of the 70's. After moving to California, Beverly and his group, then called Raw Soul, caught the attention of Marvin Gaye, who put took them on tour and renamed them.
Also On Black America Web:
November 17-23: This Week in Black History
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Kathleen Caulderwood
How American Banks Finance Banned Weapons
November 27 2014 6:29 PM
Cluster bombs are banned in most countries, but some financial institutions are investing in the companies that make them.
Joint US-Yemen Operation Rescues 8 Hostages Of Al Qaeda
November 27 2014 3:52 PM
American forces' involvement in the rescue mission was initially kept quiet.
Thanksgiving Storm Leaves Thousands Without Power
November 27 2014 12:31 PM
Hundreds of thousands of homes are without power this Thanksgiving.
Most Russians Believe Troops Aren't In Ukraine
November 27 2014 11:20 AM
But 45 percent said they would be happy if they did learn soldiers were sent there.
Experimental Ebola Vaccine Human Trials A Success: NIH
November 26 2014 5:00 PM
A group of 20 volunteers developed immunity to the Ebola virus and showed no bad side effects.
Why Environmentalists Are Worried About Marijuana
November 26 2014 3:53 PM
Sometimes, the grass isn't always greener.
US Q4 Economic Growth To Be Weaker Than Expected
November 26 2014 11:50 AM
While U.S. durable goods orders rose last month, it's happening for all the "wrong reasons," says one economist.
Why Are ADHD Rates Rising Around The World?
November 24 2014 8:21 AM
While diagnoses of ADHD were once an American trend, doctors around the world are now labeling more and more patients with the condition.
Madagascar Plague Kills 40
November 21 2014 1:41 PM
WHO has reported that 119 people have been affected by the plague, including two in the capital city.
Africa's Nature Preserves Threatened By Oil, Mining Exploration
November 21 2014 12:31 PM
UNESCO sees increasing conflict between governments and corporations regarding Africa's natural resources.
This Doctor Asked For More Transparency, Got A Bomb Threat
November 19 2014 2:53 PM
Leana Wen is trying to launch a platform where doctors disclose information about their income. Some doctors are not excited.
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November 19 2014 10:20 AM
While the spread of the Ebola outbreak appears to be slowing in Liberia, the economic impact of the virus has only just begun.
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November 18 2014 2:29 PM
As U.S. health care fraud grows, one New Jersey doctor admits to his part in $100 million bribery scheme.
Bob Marley's Music Used By Family Pot Company
November 18 2014 11:45 AM
Bob Marley's family is venturing into the hazy marijuana market, lending the music icon's name to the Marley Natural cannabis company.
Pot Treats Debated By Colorado Lawmakers
November 17 2014 3:25 PM
Authorities are worried kids might accidentally eat the wrong treats.
The Stolen Antiquities Of ISIS
November 17 2014 9:22 AM
ISIS has oil, but it also benefits handsomely from the sale of stolen ancient artifacts. The West is a big customer.
Cutting Off Islamic State Money Won't Be Easy, Policymakers Say
November 13 2014 3:54 PM
The U.S. Treasury said on Thursday that cutting off the Islamic State's revenue sources won't be simple.
Iraq Veterans Sue International Banks, Alleging Terrorist Ties
November 12 2014 3:54 PM
It's the latest case pitting victims of terrorist attacks against financial institutions under the U.S. Anti-terrorism Act.
Ebola Economics: How One Small Business Is Coping
November 10 2014 3:43 PM
"The biggest issue on the sales side is that we're distracted with trying to survive."
Can You Patent Ebola?
November 07 2014 2:53 PM
The U.S. government filed a patent application in 2009 that has yet to be approved.


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Recipe by Nicmic921
"A creamy pesto without the cream! This pesto sauce is delicious and I guarantee you'll never make it a different way again! Double recipe for a full pound of pasta."
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1 (8 ounce) package
penne pasta
1/4 pound
uncooked medium shrimp, peeled and deveined
avocado, peeled and pitted
lemon, juiced
1/2 cup
fresh basil, or more to taste
2 tablespoons
grated Romano cheese
2 cloves
salt and ground black pepper to taste
1/4 cup
olive oil, or as needed
1/4 cup
diced cherry tomatoes, or more to taste
2 tablespoons
grated Romano cheese, or more to taste
Easy and yummy recipe! I doubled the garlic which added an extra kick. Didn't have any shrimp so I substituted with some shredded chicken.
This is so good! I only made the pesto to substitute guacamole. I did make some changes based on what I had......no basil, hence a little fresh and and some cilantro and no Romano, hence some mozzarella..... It tasted so fresh.....This recipe rocks!!
26 Ratings
Very easy to make and really, really good. The only complaint was that the taste of the raw garlic was a bit overwhelming, and I only used the two cloves the recipe called for. I will definitely make this again, but will make it with roasted garlic, to see if that helps with the raw garlic flavor.
This is an ingenius way to make pesto!! I actually modified it with some leftover garbanzo beans, which gave it an even more hearty texture. If you like avocado or guacamole even a little bit, you need to try this recipe!
We loved this. I did add some nuts to the food processor (I had pecans on hand...love the taste it added). My whole family loved this recipe. Tasted very fresh.
I thought it was delicious! I'm going to add more shrimp next time fore sure though. It took a while to blend and get smooth, but that was probably my blender's problem. The avocados also were not very soft (it's always touch and go at the Harris Teeter!) so I wrapped them in newspaper with two bananas (something bananas release into the air helps soften avocados) and they got a little softer. If they had been perfectly ripe, I'm sure this would have been doubly better! But it was really good-a great summer dish!
This was excellent! I added about 1/4 cup of walnuts and a teaspoon or two of olive oil. I also used lime instead of lemon (as I didn't have a lemon) and kidney beans instead of chicken to keep it vegetarian. Yum! Will make again!
I had just trimmed my basil plants, and was out of spinach, which I usually use to make pesto. I stumbled on this recipe in AR and really hit the jackpot. I am new to cooking with avocado and was amazed at the perfect texture it gave the pesto. The avocado gave it a nutty taste without having to actually used pine-nuts. The only change I made was I sauteed the shrimp and additional garlic in a few tablespoons of butter instead of adding the shrimp to the boiling penne. Then tossed in the drained pasta, pesto, Romano and a splash of leftover heavy cream and warmed it through. Easy, delicious, and aromatic. Thanks for posting!
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Creamy Avocado Pesto - Delish!
Serving Size: 1/4 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 4
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 480
Calories from Fat: 221
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Pan-fried chicken topped with a fresh avocado and red onion salsa.
Watch how to make this top-rated pesto recipe.


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No one doubts the importance of a well-balanced nutritious diet during childhood in order to guarantee a healthy body during adulthood. Thank your mom this Mother's Day for getting you off to such a good start. Sadly, not every child enjoys the benefits of good nutrition during infancy. Does it matter to your brain? If so, what if you've made sure that you had a great diet during your teen years and stayed good physical health with lots of exercise? Was that enough to overcome a poor early diet?
A recent study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry by psychologists from the Harvard Medical School and Duke University Medical Center in Durham tried to answer this question with regard to the effects of malnutrition during the first year life upon personality traits at age 40.


text:
Why the Universe Didn't Become a Black Hole
Creator vs accident (109 comments)
One part in 10^24 is why having a Creator makes a difference. One part in 10^24 is no accident. And some people still don't what to admit what created the Big Bang but there is no other answer. How much faith does it take to believe all this was an accident?
What about the "some 92 billion light-years worth of space contained in a volume of space no bigger than our own Solar System"? That was a miracle. Accidents don't "give rise to all the wondrous diversity of nuclear, atomic, molecular, cellular, geologic, planetary, stellar, galactic and clustering phenomena we have today."


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Waikoloa Village Condo Rental Photos and Description
Condo, 3 Bedrooms, 3 Baths, (Sleeps 6-8)
Welcome to Hali'i Kai, located in the Waikoloa Beach Resort. You will enjoy Spectacular Ocean, and golf course views from the two Lanai's of our 3-bedroom, 3-bath Villa. This villa has it all, from a great location to exquisite furnishings. The villa is just a short walk from the beautiful oceanfront pool, and beach club, which Hali'i Kai is known for. All guests will enjoy excellent Golf Discounts, the local rate, for Wiakoloa's Beach and Kings Course, two incredible courses located only minutes from the villa.
The living area is nicely furnished with a large couch and a big screen LCD television and DVD player. The dining area has room for 6 with additional seating at the breakfast bar. The gourmet kitchen is eloquently furnished and well stocked. Enjoy ocean views from all these rooms. The lower level lanai is right off the dining room and is equipped with additional seating.
Upstairs, you will find the master bedroom and the first guest bedroom. The master bedroom is very spacious and has a king size bed with a LCD television and DVD player. The second lanai, off of the master bedroom, offers a wonderful space to lounge and enjoy the ocean views. The master bath has a large walk-in shower, with a deep soaking tub.
The first guest bedroom has a queen size bed with a LCD television. The guest bathroom has large walk- in shower. Also located downstairs is the second guest bedroom with two twin beds, a LCD Tv with DVD player. The second guest bath has a bathtub with a shower. There is also a laundry room with a large washer and dryer. Enjoy high-speed Internet access and housekeeping services during your stay at this wonderful villa.
Keywords: Condominium
- Suitability:
- children welcome
- non smoking only
- pets not allowed


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Beth Ahm Talmud Class Starts Sunday
Congregation Beth Ahm announces the return of Rabbi Mark Biller's popular class series "From the Sea of Talmud."
The class will be an introduction to and an exploration of the wide breadth of topics covered in the unique collection of books known as the Talmud (ancient writings that form the basis of Jewish law and custom), with lively discussion all the way through. No previous experience in Hebrew or Talmudic study is necessary. All texts will be in English. Each class may be taken as a stand-alone class or as a series.
The class will meet from 10 to 11 a.m. on Sundays January 26 and February 2, with more dates to follow. Coffee and doughnuts will be served prior to the class. Pre-registration would be appreciated but is not necessary.
The class will take place at Congregation Beth Ahm, located at 56 Grove Ave in Verona. For more information, contact the synagogue office at 973-239-0754 or [email protected]
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South Carolina valedictorian reacts to speech heard round the world
An Upstate valedictorian who caught the attention of WYFF 4 when he threw out his graduation speech for an impromptu delivery of the Lord's Prayer is shocked by the worldwide attention being paid to the choice he made.
Liberty High School valedictorian Roy Costner IV delivered his speech representing a county that has been under pressure from the ACLU and the Freedom From Religion Foundation to keep prayer out of schools and meetings.
He tore up the approved speech, and after speaking for a few minutes, he thanked his parents for leading him to the Lord at a young age, and then he said, "I think most of you will understand when I say, 'Our Father, who art in heaven…" as he began to recite the Lord's Prayer.
Much of the crowd broke into tentative applause that then grew into cheers that nearly drown out Costner's voice as he continued the prayer. (Full Story)
Costner said he was shocked when News 4 called him Monday. But as soon as his story and the video from YouTube was covered by WYFF, the story went viral.
He said since then he has had to turn his phone off because it's been ringing non-stop.
The story has appeared on dozens of websites, many that broke copyright laws to take the story, and others that wrote their own version. Among the larger websites that covered the story were The Daily Mail in London, the Washington Times, Huffington Post, Today.com, msn.com, Yahoo!News, Fox News and The Blaze.
Various versions of the YouTube video got a total of more than 295,000 views, and WYFF's video version of the story on AOL got another 36,000 views.
The first post of the story on WYFF's Facebook page got more than 30,000 views, more than 1,400 likes and 268 shares.
"I am just blown away," Costner said. "I don't even know how to describe it. I was hoping just one local station would pick it up just so our community would watch. And I am going to New York and I am blown away. I'm humbled and honored to get to go and I am just astonished at the reaction of America at this point."
Costner was catching a flight to New York City on Thursday afternoon. He will be on CNN and Fox News on Friday.
Costner is still shocked by the attention.
"From a town of 3,000 with three red lights," he said. "That's pretty big."
But in spite of all the attention, it says his top priority is still making it clear where his strength comes from, and that God is the biggest thing in his life.
Copyright 2013 by WYFF All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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Hey there dudes and dudettes! Just a quick update from the wide world, but it seems that TODAY will be the first time that humans will attempt a "soft" landing of a robot on a comet. Exciting spacy stuff, so if you want to watch some live coverage of history in the making you can check it out here:
Happy landing day!


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|By Marketwired .
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|November 2, 2012 04:00 PM EDT
REDWOOD SHORES, CA -- (Marketwire) -- 11/02/12 -- On Wednesday, November 7, 2012, Oracle (NASDAQ: ORCL) will hold its Annual Meeting of Stockholders at 10:00 a.m. PT in the Oracle Conference Center, located at 350 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City at Oracle's headquarters. Oracle's stockholders as of September 10, 2012 are invited to attend the meeting and should refer to Oracle's proxy statement available at www.oracle.com/investor for details regarding required documentation to gain admission to the meeting.
The meeting will also be webcast live via the Investor Relations homepage at www.oracle.com/investor. An archived copy of the webcast will be available for replay on demand following the meeting.
About Oracle
Oracle engineers hardware and software to work together in the cloud and in your data center. For more information about Oracle (NASDAQ: ORCL), visit www.oracle.com or contact Investor Relations at [email protected] or (650) 506-4073.
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The 4th International DevOps Summit, co-located with16th International Cloud Expo – being held June 9-11, 2015, at the Javits Center in New York City, NY – announces that its Call for Papers is now open. Born out of proven success in agile development, cloud computing, and process automation, DevOps is a macro trend you cannot afford to miss. From showcase success stories from early adopters and web-scale businesses, DevOps is expanding to organizations of all sizes, including the world's large...
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Daffodils Easter
This great product in white from our department Kids & Babies and T-Shirt category can be printed just for you in the size and style you like. The design Daffodils Easter was created by L4wrence and uploaded to Spreadshirt for you to have printed on a T-Shirt. Next to a host of other great designs, you can find this Daffodils Easter design in Spreadshirt's Easter category. If you are interested in topics like Bunny or Easter, then you'll love Daffodils Easter designs by L4wrence. Spreadshirt also offers a huge selection of personalised T-shirts, hoodies and accessories for the category Easter as well as top bells clothing. L4wrence's designs have already impressed many of our customers, so we are sure that we've got right stuff for you! Spreadshirt is your shop for great designs of all kinds – whether it's Bunny, Easter or bells. We are sure that you will find something nice in our shop, there are many amazing personalised Easter T-shirts, jumpers or accessories for you to find! Tags: Design ID: 15449046
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Property to let in Main Road, Kelsale, Saxmundham IP17 - 1 bedroom
£350 pcm (£81 pw)
Market Place, Saxmundham IP17Flat to rent - 1 bedrooms
One Bedroom Unfurnished First Floor Flat with Open Plan Living Accommodation, One Bedroom and Full Bathroom Suite. Parking for One Car. Electric Heating. EPC Rating D. Not Suitable for Children or Pets - no Smokers. (Tenants Administration Fees Apply ... More details
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Saxmundham (0.1 miles)
- Darsham (4.2 miles)
Marketed by Flick & Son, IP17. Call 01728 666033