text:
Prehistoric dental modification in West Africa–early evidence from Karkarichinkat Nord, Mali
ABSTRACT This paper reports the earliest securely dated evidence for intentional dental modification in West Africa. Human remains representing 11 individuals were recovered from the sites of Karkarichikat Nord (KN05) and Karkarichinkat Sud (KS05) in the lower Tilemsi Valley of eastern Mali. The modified anterior maxillary dentitions of four individuals were recovered from KN05. The dental modification involved the removal of the mesial and distal angles of the incisor, as well as the mesial angles of the canines. The modifications did not result from task-specific wear or trauma, but appear instead to have been produced for aesthetic purposes. All of the filed teeth belonged to probable females, suggesting the possibility of sex-specific cultural modification. Radiocarbon dates from the site indicate that the remains pertain to the Late Stone Age (ca. 4500–4200 BP). Dental modification has not previously been reported from this region of West Africa and our findings indicate that the practice was more widespread during prehistory.
- SourceAvailable from: Katie Manning[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The Tilemsi Valley has long been heralded as a focal region in the development of West African cultural complexity. The Lower Tilemsi Valley Project began in 2005, with the aim of clarifying the archaeological significance of this region and refining its chronology. This paper examines the pottery from these excavations, advocating an integrative approach to analysis in which pottery production is located within an historical and socio-economic context. It does not present a reified 'type' of Lower Tilemsi pottery, but instead describes a regional-scale technological tradition, whilst focusing on the local scale of adaptive change and technical innovation. La basse vallée du Tilemsi est reconnue depuis très longtemps comme une pointe focale pour le développement de la complexité culturelle en Afrique de l'Ouest. Le Projet Basse Vallée du Tilemsi a débuté en 2005, avec le but de clarifier l'importance archéologique de cette région et à raffiner sa chronologie. Cet article étudie la poterie issue de ces fouilles, préconisant une approche intégrée à l'analyse, dans laquelle la production céramique est située dans son contexte historique et socio-économique. Cet article ne présente pas un 'type' céramique du Tilemsi, mais plutôt décrit une tradition technologique à l'échelle régionale, tout en se concentrant sur l'échelle locale du changement adaptatif et de l'innovation technique.Azania Archaeological Research in Africa 04/2011; 46(1):70-87.
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ABSTRACT: Socio-cultural alterations of teeth are related to mutilations or oral behaviours. Our work is dedicated to mutilations classification, description of behaviours alterations and diagnostic of purpose. First part lists and discusses previous classifications before proposing a new one able to include any case found in today's bibliography and also using a nomenclature ready for evolution in case of discovery of additional forms. Second part is dedicated to involuntary alterations caused by paramasticatory and specific behaviours, showing their multiplicity. Last part presents some problems researchers are exposed to when trying to evaluate the origins of teeth alterations. This leads to the basis of examinations on living patients and anthropological materials. A diagnostic tool based on a multi-parameters scoring is proposed. Les altérations dentaires socio-culturelles regroupent des atteintes volontaires, ou mutilations, et d'autres involontaires. Trois problématiques liées à leur étude sont traitées ici: la classification des atteintes volontaires, la description des atteintes involontaires, et le diagnostic de volontarité des altérations connues. La première partie décrit les classifications antérieures et leurs faiblesses et propose une nouvelle classification dite morpho-descriptive, ouverte à l'évolution, qui tient compte de la totalité des altérations volontaires recensées et permet une indexation informatique rapide. La deuxième partie décrit les principales altérations involontaires et montre l'importance des phénomènes de traumatisme et d'usure iatrogène. La troisième propose un protocole d'étude consacré aux altérations d'origine indéterminée, et décrit un crible logique d'aide à la différenciation volontaire/involontaire.01/2012;
Article: Incisor avulsion, social identity and Saharan population history: New data from the Early Holocene southern Sahara[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: After an extended occupation hiatus the Sahara Desert was re-populated during the Early Holocene humid phase, a process that likely involved groups from multiple distinct source populations in northern Africa. Previous research has used material culture and craniometric analyses to infer population movements into and throughout the Sahara. Here, we present new data on Saharan population history using an independent data type: the presence and pattern of incisor avulsion, documented for the first time at sites in the southern Sahara Desert. At Gobero (Republic of Niger) both males and females were affected with no side or arcade preference. The frequency of affected individuals did not change through time; however the practice became exclusively male-focused and expanded to include the lateral incisors during the Middle Holocene. Comparison of the pattern and prevalence of avulsion at key Late Pleistocene sites from throughout northern Africa indicates the practice was restricted to the Maghreb. Our interpretation of these data suggests some Maghrebi migrants re-settled the southern Sahara, but over time, new groups entered the Sahara initiating a complex, multi-ethnic community dynamic in which some individuals enhanced the signal of social identity by extracting a greater number of teeth, thus producing a highly visibly modified countenance.Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 09/2014; 35:79–91. · 2.32 Impact Factor
Page 1
Prehistoric Dental Modification in
West Africa – Early Evidence from
Karkarichinkat Nord, Mali
B. C. FINUCANE,a*yK. MANNINGaAND M. TOURE´b
aInstitute of Archaeology, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
bDirection Regionale de la Jeunesse des Sports, Arts et Culture, Region de Gao, Mali
ABSTRACTThis paper reports the earliest securely dated evidence for intentional dental modification in
West Africa. Human remains representing 11 individuals were recovered from the sites of
Mali. The modified anterior maxillary dentitions of four individuals were recovered from KN05.
The dental modification involved the removal of the mesial and distal angles of the incisor, as
well as the mesial angles of the canines. The modifications did not result from task-specific
wear or trauma, but appear instead to have been produced for aesthetic purposes. All of the
filed teeth belonged to probable females, suggesting the possibility of sex-specific cultural
modification. Radiocarbon dates from the site indicate that the remains pertain to the Late
Stone Age(ca.4500–4200BP).Dental modification hasnot previously beenreportedfrom this
region of West Africa and our findings indicate that the practice was more widespread during
prehistory. Copyright ? 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Key words: bioarchaeology; Tilemsi Valley; Late Stone Age; sahel; palaeopathology
The intentional modification of the human body
for non-therapeutic purposes has been documen-
ted globally and includes such practices as cranial
deformation, circumcision, tattooing, scarifica-
tion, foot-binding, neck-stretching and piercing.
More recently, modern technology has expanded
the rangeof availablemodifications, affordingthe
world's affluent the opportunity to bleach their
skins, enlarge their breasts, remove adipocere,
remodel their facial features, and even change
their genital sex.
Among the more widespread practices is the
intentional modification of the dentition which
has been documented in Africa, Oceania, East
for a review). Molar drilling has been reported
at the Pakistani site of Mehrgarh dating to
the 8thmillennium BP, although the posterior
location of the modifications indicate they were
non-aesthetic in nature (Coppa et al., 2006).
Instead, some or all of the Mehrgarh modifi-
cations may have been palliative, as several of the
drilled molars also manifested caries. A stronger
case for early aesthetic modification can be made
for a number of North African sites assigned to
the Mesolithic and Neolithic. Skulls recovered
from several sites including Afalou and Mechta
lack their central maxillary and occasionally
International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
Published online in Wiley InterScience
(www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/oa.957
* Correspondence to: 730 Whitney Ave., New Haven, CT, 06511,
yCurrent address: The Law School, Yale University, USA.
e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Received 4 May 2007
Revised 3 August 2007
Accepted 14 August 2007
Page 2
mandibular incisors, apparently as a result of
intentional avulsion, prompting Briggs (1955) to
argue that aesthetic dental avulsion was a
widespread practice in northwestern Africa
during the Mesolithic (Epipaleolithic).
Dental modification among historical African
and African-descendent populations is well-
attested ethnographically (Schwab, 1947; Bohan-
nan, 1956; Talbot, 1967; Pindborg, 1969;
Bascom, 1969; Gould et al., 1984; Bailey, 1989;
Jones, 1992; Reichart et al., 2007). Africans have
altered their dentition through filing, chipping,
notching and the ablation or removal of ante-
rior dentition, with the form and location of
modification varying geographically and with
ethnicity. Although archaeological evidence
exists for the practice amongst West African
slaves in the New World during the colonial era
(Ortner, 1966; Stewart & Groome, 1968; Handler
et al., 1982; Tiesler, 2002; Price et al., 2006) and
southern African populations during the 18th
and 19thcenturies (Cox et al., 2001), there is little
evidence for the practice in West Africa during
prehistory. One of the few published examples
of prehistoric dental modification in the region
comes from Kufan Karawa, Niger. Dating to ca.
AD 1300–1600, the modification takes the
form of interproximal grooving of the maxillary
incisors resultingfrom task-relatedwear (Haour&
Pearson, 2005). Due to the dearth of osteological
data from West Africa, the antiquity, prevalence
and cultural context of intentional dental modi-
fication in the region remains poorly understood.
Here we report the earliest evidence of
intentional dental modification from West Africa.
These findings establish that this practice existed
in the region from at least the third millennium
BC, and provide an antecedent for the customs of
many historical African peoples.
Materials and methods
In January 2006, skeletal remains of at least 11
humans were recovered from nine contexts at the
sites of Karkarichinkat Sud (KS05) and Karkar-
ichinkat Nord (KN05) located in the southern
Tilemsi Valley of Mali (Figures 1, 2). Today, the
Lower Tilemsi Valley is a principally semi-arid,
Saharan environment. However, during the early
to mid-Holocene until ca. 3500BP, the area
flourished under much more favourable con-
ditions. At the height of the late Holocene humid
phase, the Tilemsi Valley would have been a
substantial river system, stretching almost 700km
from the present-day Niger River to the
Tanezrouft in the north. In 1972, Andrew Smith
undertook preliminary excavations at KS05 and
KN05, revealing evidence for an agro-pastoral
economy which he dated to the end of the 3rd
millennium BC (Smith, 1974a,b). In order to
expand upon these initial findings, a collaborative
team from the University of Oxford and the
Direction National du Patrimoine Culturelle
began work at the site of KN05 in 2005. A
series of radiocarbon dates indicate that the site
was occupied from 2620 to 2200cal. years BC
(Table 1, Figure 3). These recent excavations
have also yielded evidence of an early, sophis-
neither site has produced direct evidence for
cereal agriculture.
The skeletal remains from KN05 were exposed
by deflation and were highly fragmented and
degraded due to bioturbation, the action of
vehicles and exfoliation from wind and sun. Due
to the disturbance of the remains, the determi-
nation of grave orientation was not always
possible, although in several cases skeletons
appeared to have been interred in supine
positions with both arms and legs extended in
an E–W orientation (Figure 4). Poor protein
measurements on the human remains. In contrast,
the skeleton excavated at KS05 was both
complete and better preserved than the remains
from KN05. The skeletal remains from KS05
came from an intact burial cut into the Late Stone
Age/Neolithic occupation mound and ringed
with stone. These remains were estimated to date
to the Islamic era (post AD 1300) on the basis of
the stratigraphy (the grave cut through the LSA
mound), their preservation (which included hair
and cartilage), and the fact that the body was
interred on its right side facing east towards
Mecca (Figure 5).
Estimates of age and sex were made using
& Ubelaker, 1994). Criteria considered included
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
DOI: 10.1002/oa
B. C. Finucane, K. Manning and M. Toure´
Page 3
cranial and pelvic morphology, dental eruption
and wear, cranial suture and epiphyseal closure
and overall robusticity. Dental modifications
were categorised according to Romero's (1970)
Osteological analysis of the cranial and post-
cranial skeletal remains from KN05 was limited
by their fragmentation and poor preservation.
Several skeletal elements exhibited gnaw marks
produced by rodents. Sex and particularly age
estimates (see Table 2) are consequently inexact.
Nasal guttering, a trait common in sub-Saharan
African populations, was observed on the max-
illae of skeletons 2, 6 and 11 (Bass, 1987). The
fragmentary maxillae of skeletons 3 and 7
exhibited shallow nasal sills.
The Islamic-era remains from KS05, skeleton
11, feature a relatively wide nasal aperture and
marked facial prognathism, both traits con-
sistent with sub-Saharan African ancestry.
Pathological conditions were also observed
on skeleton 11. Lumbar vertebrae 3–5 exhibit
osteophytic lipping of the anterior vertebral
bodies, and there is an apical abscess at the left
maxillary lateral incisor. Based on the length of
the left femur, the stature of this individual
is estimated to have been 171.34 ? 3.91cm
(Trotter & Glesor, 1952, 1958).
The dentition of the human remains from
KN05 was better preserved than the bones. The
maxillary dentition of four individuals (2, 3, 6
and 7) exhibited modification due to removal
of the mesial and distal occlusal angles of
the incisors as well as the mesial occlusal angle
of the canines (Table 2). The modification
resulted in pointed teeth, as can be seen in
Figures 6–8. Due to subsequent wear of the
occlusal surfaces of the modified teeth, the
precise mechanism of modification could not
be determined, although the alteration is con-
sistent with filing. All of the modified teeth
Figure 1. Map of Mali indicating location of the Tilemsi Valley and the sites of Karkarichinkat Nord and Sud.
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
DOI: 10.1002/oa
Prehistoric Dental Modification in West Africa
Page 4
Figure 2. Site plan of Karkarichinkat Nord (KN05).
Table 1. Radiocarbon determinations from KN05
Lab code Date BPError 1s
Euphorbiaceae sp.
Pennisetum sp.
Leguminosae sp./Vitis sp.
Sterculia sp.
Context (032) at 0.60m
Context (050) at 1.30m
Context (081) at 1.60m
Context (031) at 0.40m
Context (037) at 1.0m
Context (166) at 2.40m
Context (077) at 0.40m
Context (077) at 0.50m
Context (147) at 0.10m
(skeleton 1)
Context (085) at 4.0m
Context (087) at 4.4m
Combretaceae sp.
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
DOI: 10.1002/oa
B. C. Finucane, K. Manning and M. Toure´
Page 5
belonged to young adults classified as probable
Our findings establish that the prehistoric
inhabitants of West Africa practised dental
modification from at least the middle of the
third millennium BC. The location and form of
the modifications reveal that these teeth were
shaped intentionally and not as a result of
task-related wear. Nor do these modifications
appear to be therapeutic, as they are unassociated
with any dental pathology.
Interestingly, dental modification has not
previously been documented in this region.
Neither the Tamesheq (Tuareg) nor the Arabs
currently inhabiting the Tilemsi Valley practise
this custom. The male Islamic-period skeleton
from KS05 also lacks modified dentition. Tooth
filing is likewise unknown amongst the Songhay
living along the Niger River to the south. The
material from KN05 is the first evidence for the
practice in this region, revealing that intentional
Africa during prehistory.
comparable to practices observed in western,
central and southern Africa during the modern
era. Skulls of early 20thcentury males from the
Bali, Bamenda, Batscham and Ossidinge tribes of
Cameroon exhibit filing of the anterior maxillary
dentition resulting in pointed teeth (Reichart
et al., 2007). In Angola the men and women of the
Chowke continue to file the six upper anterior
teeth to points, in order 'to impart the courage of
their prey', such as lions, to the hunters (Jones,
1992: 177). Similar alteration of the maxillary
incisor and canines has also been documented
among the Efe, Aka and Twa pygmies of the
Central African Republic and the Democratic
Figure 3. Probability density distributions of calibrated
AMS radiocarbon measurements from KN05 (Reimer
et al., 2004; Bronk Ramsey, 1995, 2001, 2005).
Figure 4. Skeletons 2 and 3 in situ at KN05.
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
DOI: 10.1002/oa
Prehistoric Dental Modification in West Africa
Page 6
Republic of Congo, in Zambia among the Luvale,
Luchazi, and Mbudna tribes, among the Munchi
of Nigeria and also in Zimbabwe (Gould et al.,
1984; Jones, 1992). The Mano and Gio tribes are
also reported to have filed their maxillary incisors
(Schwab, 1947).
Given the dearth of archaeological data from
the Tilemsi region and the paucity and poor
preservation of these osteological remains, our
understanding of the cultural context of dental
modification at KN05 remains rudimentary. In
interpreting the remains from KN05, Schwab's
observations regarding the tribes of Liberia are
'Mutilation of the teeth is practiced by all the
tribes. Whatever the original idea may have
been, it is now done to make men more
attractive in the eyes of women. The different
forms of mutilation also serve to indicate the
region from which an individual comes.'
(Schwab, 1947: 120)
A survey of practices among other modern
African groups sustains Schwab's thesis and
Figure 5. Skeleton 11 in situ at KS05.
Table 2. Human remains from KN05 and KS05
SkeletonTrench ContextSexAgeAge
maxillary teeth
type (after
Romero, 1970)
RC-LI2, (LI1and LC missing)
RI2-LI2, (RC missing)
113MYANo No
Age codes: C, child; J, juvenile; A, adult; YA, young adult.
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
DOI: 10.1002/oa
B. C. Finucane, K. Manning and M. Toure´
Page 7
suggests additional possible motivations and
functions for dental modification. In Nigeria,
Ibo women must file their teeth prior to child-
bearing, whereas Ibo men file theirs for purely
aesthetic reasons (Goose, 1963; Talbot, 1967).
Aesthetic concerns also seem to be the foremost
reason given for dental modification among Tiv
men, Yoruba and Mhuila women, as well as
female teenagers of the Efe pygmy (Bohannan,
1956; Bascom, 1969; Bailey, 1989; Jones, 1992).
During the 1960s the Bakiga of Uganda practised
dental modification in conjunction with puberty
ceremonies (Pindborg, 1969). With reference to
the groups in Namibia, Van Reenen (1978) has
suggested that dental modification also served as
a badge of group affiliation, with particular
modifications characteristic of specific tribes.
The Ngangela of Angola also filed their upper
incisors in order to communicate their tribal
identity (Jones, 1992).
Although consideration of sex-based differ-
ence is constrained by the nature of the available
skeletal material, it should be noted that all of the
individuals with modified dentition were classi-
fied as probable females and that the sole male
from KN05 with intact dentition lacked evidence
of modification. As noted above, sex-linked
dental modification was associated with rites de
passage and childbearing among some groups in
Central and West Africa (Van Rippen, 1918;
Davies, 1963; Goose, 1963; Pindborg, 1969).
Modified dentition also served a secondary func-
tion as a marker of group affiliation, indicating
one's membership in a tribe, clan or lineage. It is
reasonable to suppose that the occupants of
KN05 shaped their teeth for similar reasons and
that their distinctive dentition served as markers
of group affiliation. Further research is needed
in the region in order to determine whether
inter-site variation in dental modification existed
during prehistory. Such spatial variation might
reflect ethnic boundaries.
Figure 6. Fragmentary maxilla of skeleton 2. Note modi-
fication of incisors and canine.
Figure 7. Maxillaofskeleton6.Notemodifiedincisorsand
canines as well as dental calculus.
Figure 8. Maxilla of skeleton 7. Note modified central and
lateral incisors.
Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Int. J. Osteoarchaeol. (2008)
DOI: 10.1002/oa
Prehistoric Dental Modification in West Africa
Page 8
BCF's postgraduate research was funded by the
Rhodes Trust and KM's postgraduate research
was funded by an award from the Arts and Huma-
nities Research Council (AHRC). The fieldwork
was made possible by further contributions from
the AHRC, the British Institute in Eastern Africa,
and the University of Oxford. We would also like
to thank the Direction Regionale de la Jeunesse des
Sports et Arts, in Gao, our local excavation team,
and Ayouba Ag Moussilim and Souleymane
Ag Kiyou for all their invaluable help. Hannes
Schroeder and Jessica Pearson helped supply
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Prehistoric Dental Modification in West Africa


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Blue Bomber Report Record: 7–11–0
Winnipeg Free Press - PRINT EDITION
Blue Bombers notebook
QB quagmire thickens
THE Winnipeg Blue Bombers offices were quiet on Sunday, one day after the club lost its sixth game in a row, 37-14 to the Hamilton Tiger-Cats at Guelph's Alumni Stadium.
Bombers head coach Tim Burke said following the loss the club will this week bring in at least four new players, but a club spokesman said Sunday that details on the new players will not be formally released until Tuesday.
The identity of one of the four new players -- former Ticats third-string QB Jason Boltus -- leaked out late Saturday. Boltus played in 2011 for the Ticats but saw very limited action. His lifetime CFL numbers are five of 15 for 48 yards. He's been in the Arena League since 2011.
It wasn't immediately clear this weekend what the Bombers plans for Boltus are -- and it's possible they're not entirely sure themselves. Max Hall, who started Saturday's game for Winnipeg, and Buck Pierce, who appeared in relief, were both injured and did not finish against the Ticats.
Hall has a hand injury -- sustained on the second play of the game -- and Pierce's injury is more vague. Burke said Saturday it wasn't clear how serious either was hurt.
"Max has a hand injury. He'll have to have tests on it to see if it has any breaks or tendon tears or whatever," said Burke. "And Buck has some kind of upper-body injury, neck or shoulder or something like that."
Burke hedged when asked who will be his starter Sunday in Regina if Pierce, Hall and third-stringer Justin Goltz are all healthy.
"I don't know, let's take a look at the film and see."
Blue in a bad place
WITH a 1-7 record, the Bombers will head into Regina for Labour Day Weekend four points behind third-place Montreal (3-5) and six points behind second-place Hamilton (4-4) in the East Division. Hamilton has won the season series with Winnipeg and is the hottest team in the CFL, having won three in a row after home-and-home victories over Winnipeg and a road win in Edmonton.
Toronto continues to lead the East at 5-3.
Riders show weakness
WHILE the 7-1 Saskatchewan Roughriders pose a formidable challenge for the Bombers the next two weeks -- this Sunday in Regina and the following Sunday in Winnipeg in the Banjo Bowl -- the Riders have shown themselves to be at least vulnerable the past few weeks.
After losing their first game of the season three weeks ago in Calgary against a very good Stampeders team, the Riders needed late heroics against lesser teams in each of their last two games -- a 24-21 home win over Montreal and a 30-27 win in Edmonton on Saturday over the Eskimos -- to keep that first loss from turning into a skid.
That's the good news. The bad news is Regina has been very unkind to the Bombers. Winnipeg has lost the last eight Labour Day Weekend Classics, a drought that goes back to 2004.
Gotta dig deep, says RB
HERE'S a little more from Bombers running back Chad Simpson, who made it clear in the locker-room in Guelph following Saturday's loss he felt the solution to his team's woes rests inside each player.
"You've got to want it. I don't know if it's a deal of loving the game a little bit more or appreciating the game a little bit more or just man-on-man, beating the man across from you. You've got to pick up in the heart and I don't know how you train for that -- it comes from your mom and your dad, how you've been raised."
-- Paul Wiecek
Republished from the Winnipeg Free Press print edition August 26, 2013 C3
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Home » Brodus Clay » Health
Brodus Clay
Real Name
George Murdoch
Date of Birth
February 21, 1980
Place of Birth
Earlier in the week, it was reported that WWE had offered Kurt Angle a full time contract, which he turned down because he wanted a part time deal to preserve his body and health. There are speculations floating around that Triple H only made that offer because he knew that Angle would reject it. Some are still under the belief that HHH wants nothing to do with Angle and is attempting to block his return to the company.
October 15, 2014
One name that will definitely not be at Hell in a Cell 2014 is Batista. He will be busy next month doing a new movie with acting legend Robert De Niro. The two will star in a film called Bus 657, which will be centered around a heist. Batista will be playing a greedy character who helps his coworker rob a bank to pay for health treatments for his daughter.
September 25, 2014
Rumors are floating around that Brock Lesnar is having some serious health issues, and it looks to have been started by a writer at What Culture. He wrote an article that detailed how Lesnar looked vulnerable very early on his match against John Cena at Night of Champions 2014. The speculations have gotten to the point where WWE felt compelled to issue an official statement saying that Lesnar is just fine.
September 24, 2014
When word broke that Ryback was injured, there were some reports of skepticism from WWE officials that there really was no injury. However, the legitimacy of his health has been proven, as Ryback has posted a video of himself in the hospital. He clearly did go under the knife. It is being said that Ryback has worked with strained groins and hernias for the last year.
August 28, 2014
With his health being quite the uncertainty at this point in time, there are all sorts of rumors floating around about the return of Daniel Bryan. The latest one has the former WWE champion coming back at Royal Rumble 2015. Much of that is speculation, though, since Bryan needs to go in for another surgery, and there's no telling how his body will react to the procedure.
August 2, 2014
While doing a podcast interview with Jim Ross, Kurt Angle discussed the topic of CM Punk and his departure from WWE earlier in the year. Angle stated that he was not aware of how injured Punk was until recently. Upon finding that out, Angle stated that he respected Punk's decision to leave, in order to preserve his health. Angle did also mention that Punk had issues with WWE over the booking and the direction of his character.
July 19, 2014
During a WWE live event in Toronto, Santino Marella announced to the fans in attendance that he has decided to retire from professional wrestling as an in ring performer. He revealed that he has suffered yet another neck injury and has decided that it would not be safe for his long term health to keep wrestling. Since he recently signed a long term contract extension with WWE, there is a chance that Marella could remain with the company in another capacity.
July 6, 2014
Earlier in the week, it was revealed that Jim Ross had to spend a night in the hospital, as the former WWE commentator had a bit of a health scare and his wife wanted to be safer than sorry. Ross revealed that a couple of people contacted him at the hospital to check up on him. Jerry Lawler and Steve Austin were two of them. The other was Vince McMahon, which was a little bit surprising as there have been rumors floating around for the last year that there is some backstage heat between the two.
June 10, 2014
There are rumors floating around right now that Daniel Bryan is going to work Money in the Bank 2014, even if he is not healthy enough to do so. The belief is that the WWE champion does not want to lose his place at the top of the card, as it took quite a bit of effort to get there in the first place. Bryan would not be the first wrestler to jeopardize his health in order to maintain his spot.
June 7, 2014
In a depressing bit of news, Undertaker is said to be very pessimistic about being able to work another match for WWE again. When asked about Wrestlemania 31, the legendary performer stated that it was highly unlikely to happen because his body is quite banged up. While fans are urging him to do another match, Undertaker has to take his health and family into considerations.
June 5, 2014
Even though he is now a WWE star again, Brock Lesnar still keeps up with the world of MMA. The former UFC Heavyweight Champion recently contacted Dana White to ask the company president for a favor. Lesnar needed help convincing close friend Pat Berry to retire because his health was being jeopardized. White did not feel that he had enough sway to make Berry quit the sport.
May 12, 2014
Through Twitter, Tammy Sytch has revealed that her health has been failing and that she has been in and out of the hospital for a couple of weeks now. As is typical with the former WWE diva, there is a lot of skepticism over the validity of her claims. Tammy has been caught lying to fans rather frequently, so some believe that she might be trying to get attention again.
April 24, 2014
"I got a sense he wasn't well. It was sad to me. He was kind of hunched over. He used to have such great posture. You just had this sense that he wasn't well. But he was in great spirits. He came up to (other wrestlers) and gave them hugs." - Sean Waltman discusses the health of the Ultimate Warrior during Wrestlemania 30 weekend
April 11, 2014
"He seemed good, he seemed happy for sure. I had a sense his health wasn't great. He seemed a little frail. He seemed a little less indestructible than he used to be. I don't think it would be a surprise to know he took steroids for a long time and I don't know if he ever stopped." - Bret Hart discusses steroid use by the Ultimate Warrior
April 10, 2014
Amid conflicting rumors about his availability and health, Christian actually ended up missing Wrestlemania 30 last night. The former world heavyweight champion was supposed to work the Andre the Giant battle royal, but was removed at the last minute because doctors could not clear him from the concussion that he sustained last month.
April 7, 2014
While wrestling fans are clamoring for his return to the industry, Shane McMahon is going to be rather busy in the upcoming months, as the former WWE star has filed a $50 million lawsuit against the high rise building that he has been living in. Water leaks have apparently caused damage to his property and the health of his family, so he wants compensation.
March 26, 2014
The Usos were given the tag team championship recently, so that WWE could help to control the hostile audience at Monday Night Raw. Another reason for the change could be the health of Road Dogg and Billy Gunn. Both guys are said to be banged up a bit, as they ended up working a lot more matches that they initially thought they would.
March 8, 2014
Prior to his death, Big Daddy V had started taking steps to improve his health. The former WWE reportedly lost 100 pounds in the span of six months. It was confirmed by his wife to TMZ after his death. Doctors had advised him that his blood pressure was at a high level. Unfortunately, though, he died from a heart attack last weekend.
February 22, 2014
The well being of Kurt Angle has been heavily discussed over the last several weeks, and it looks like the former world heavyweight champion has taken steps to improve his health. Angle reportedly has underwent knee surgery in the last few days and is currently recovering. It is being said that it was a simple clean up that was necessary.
February 18, 2014
Now that he no longer works the hectic WWE schedule, Tyler Reks has found time to work on projects that he has pushed back while he pursued his dreams of being a professional wrestler. The California native has finished writing a book about fitness and health. He is now waiting for a designer to finish the cover of the book, so he can publish it.
February 17, 2014
Back in June, Brodus Clay was given a release by WWE, so he informed his fans that his professional wrestling career was far from over. After exploring his options in Japan, the former bodyguard for Snoop Dogg decided to remain stateside by signing with TNA. He made his television debut for the company this week on Impact Wrestling by aligning himself with Ethan Carter and defeating Shark Boy in a match.
October 16, 2014
"He is a pro. He comes to work everyday. He is straight forward and tells you exactly what it is. One of my things was I didn't get to work a match with him. I would have dropped the weight I did and keep the muscle I have. He is a great leader in terms of he talks it; he walks it. He is the face of the WWE and likely so. John Cena gave us all an opportunity to train and have the same training regiment. The training of the NBA and NFL with Olympic lifts for maintenance, for power, better cardiovascular. He was on the forefront. He gave guys an opportunity." - Brodus Clay defending John Cena
June 19, 2014
Now that he has received his release from WWE, Brodus Clay has already planned out the next phase of his life. Rather than jumping back into the wrestling ring immediately, the former bodyguard has opted to book himself on a trip to Japan, so that he can help protest against those that are hunting dolphins. Clay left open the possibility of working some matches in Japan if that option were to become available to him.
June 13, 2014
"I hired Brodus Clay into the WWE, he is phenomenal. I remember I met him at a bar where he was a bouncer. There was a fight and I helped him out in the fight. That's how we met. He wanted to be a wrestler I told him to go to wrestling school. There's life after WWE... you're not going to have a job forever. It's the nature of the beast. Some guys have a long run, and yes they could have gotten a lot more out of them, but it's based on someone else's opinion." - Tommy Dreamer explaining how he met Brodus Clay
June 13, 2014
After being robbed of an opportunity work a match at Wrestlemania 29, Brodus Clay focused his energy on trying to ensure that he was not going to miss Wrestlemania 30. WWE was not pleased with him telling the fans about his angst about being removed from the card at the last minute, so he was demoted to the developmental program. Today, Clay received his release from the company.
June 12, 2014
During the latest WWE NXT show, an interesting injury was revealed. Adrian Neville had four teeth knocked out of his mouth during a backstage segment with Brodus Clay, who has been down in developmental for several months now. Neville had dental surgery to repair the teeth and now wears a mouth guard during matches to prevent further damage.
May 31, 2014
After weeks of being relegated to the developmental program, it appears that Brodus Clay is on the verge of making his return to WWE. The big man worked a live event in Kentucky for the company over the weekend, where he teamed with Damien Sandow to face Big E Langston and Mark Henry. Clay could be brought back to Monday Night Raw soon.
April 28, 2014
A video of Brodus Clay challenging WWE NXT champion Adrian Neville in the main event.
April 19, 2014
While he has been training especially hard over the last couple of months to make it happen, it is being said that the biggest reason why Brodus Clay is being given a match at Wrestlemania 30, where he will be a participant in the Andre the Giant battle royal, is because of his involvement in the new Scooby Doo movie that WWE is promoting.
March 26, 2014
WWE has announced that the Andre the Giant memorial battle royal will consists of Alberto Del Rio, Big E Langston, Big Show, Brodus Clay, Christian, Cody Rhodes, Damien Sandow, Darren Young, Dolph Ziggler, Drew McIntyre, Fandango, Goldust, Great Khali, Heath Slater, Jinder Mahal, Justin Gabriel, Kofi Kingston, Mark Henry, Miz, R Truth, Rey Mysterio, Santino Marella, Sheamus, Sin Cara, Titus ONeil and Zack Ryder. There are also four spots available for last minute entrants.
March 25, 2014
After spending some time down at the WWE Performance Center, Brodus Clay is now back on the road. He worked a live event over the weekend in Atlantic City, where he did a quick dance off segment with the Great Khali, another performer who has been off the road for a couple of weeks. No word on a television return for Clay yet.
March 24, 2014
Thanks to being a part of a popular act for a while there, Brodus Clay maintains a pretty good salary from his bosses in WWE. The former bodyguard for Snoop Dogg is now being paid $170,000 a year as a professional wrestler. Being paid more than six figures is considered quite a feat for someone that does not receive consistent time on television.
March 19, 2014
After being absent for quite a few weeks, the Great Khali has made his return to WWE, joining the live events tour this weekend. He was paired up with Brodus Clay, who has been spending time in developmental. Khali was given the victory. The former world heavyweight champion has not worked a televised match since the first Monday Night Raw of the year.
March 17, 2014
While things were looking bleak for a moment there, it looks like Brodus Clay now has a chance again at achieving his goal of working Wrestlemania 30. He vowed not to miss the event again after being pulled last year at the last minute, but ended up in the dog house with management. He has a chance at the Andre the Giant memorial battle royal now.
March 12, 2014
Despite having very little chance of making it on to the Wrestlemania 30 card like he had hoped, Brodus Clay is still doing his countdown towards that day. After being removed at the last minute last year, Clay had vowed to work hard to ensure that the same thing would not happen this year. WWE has demoted him quite a bit over the last few months, unfortunately.
March 6, 2014
The demotion of Brodus Clay seems to be getting worse and worse. Aside from being pulled from Monday Night Raw and Smackdown, he has been working in the developmental program as of late, training with Bill DeMott. Clay worked a match for WWE NXT and actually put over Angelo Dawkins. Generally, main roster guys are the ones getting the victories.
February 24, 2014
While his dreams of working at Wrestlemania 30 might be in jeopardy, that has not stopped Brodus Clay from trying. He has been training with Bill DeMott, the head trainer for WWE, down in developmental as of late. No word yet on when he will return to Monday Night Raw or Smackdown.
February 21, 2014
While Brodus Clay has been noticeably absent from Monday Night Raw and Smackdown, it has now been revealed that he is not even on the road for television taping. This past weekend, he was down in Florida doing developmental work. No word yet on when WWE will be bringing him back with the rest of the main roster.
February 20, 2014
WWE is really hoping that Sasha Banks does well in developmental, as the company would love to bring her up to the main roster soon. Management wants to tout that she is the first cousin of world famous rapper Snoop Dogg. The company has already acknowledged on multiple times that Brodus Clay was a former bodyguard for the rapper.
February 17, 2014
There are those backstage in WWE that are wondering why the feud between Brodus Clay and Tensai never surfaced. Obviously, management wanted it to happen at one point, as they gave the split some television time. The feeling is that there is backstage heat on Clay, as he has not been utilized on television in three weeks now.
February 16, 2014


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Saudi Arabia
Al Kaf will be suspended until Mobily's audit committee completes its investigation into these errors.
November 23, 2014
A Guantanamo Bay detainee from Saudi Arabia was released and sent back to the kingdom Saturday after being held for 12 years in the facility.
A Danish expat was shot and injured by an unknown assailant in the Saudi city of Riyadh, according to security sources.
November 21, 2014
The Saudi Ministry of Health raised the total number of MERS cases in the kingdom since September 2012 to 808.
November 20, 2014
Saudi officials on Wednesday asked the UN Security Council to blacklist both Shia groups Hezbollah and Yemen's Houthis.
November 17, 2014
Golf in the Middle East: eat, pray, golf! 17 Middle East golf courses to grip it and rip it!
November 16, 2014
Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain on Sunday agreed to return their ambassadors to Qatar
Saudi Arabia's 26th International Construction Technology and Building Materials Trade Exhibition successfully concluded following the four-day run in Riyadh.
November 14, 2014
A bomb hit a Lebanese military vehicle Friday in the outskirts of Arsal's northeast region, according to a security source, wounding two soldiers.
November 13, 2014
Saudi-Turkish model Tomy Omran took off his clothes once again for a brand new photo shoot!
November 12, 2014
As football fans prepare for the launch of the Gulf Cup of Nations, UAE singer Hussain al Jasmi and Saudi singer Rabeh Sager prepare to sing their latest duet live during the event!
Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz met with Iraqi President Fuad Masoum at the Royal Palace in Riyadh on Tuesday evening, to discuss regional developments and steps to improve the relationship between the two countries.
A top Indian billionaire will invest up to $266.5 million in Saudi Arabia's healthcare and pharmaceutical manufacturing sector.
November 11, 2014
Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Salman Bin Abdulaziz left the Kingdom for Australia on Monday to represent Saudi Arabia at the G20 summit.
Egyptian actor Adel Imam praised Saudi Arabia and UAE's support to Egypt during the turbulent political situation it recently went through.


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During European morning trade, the EURO STOXX 50 climbed 0.47%, France's CAC 40 advanced 0.46%, while Germany's DAX 30 rose 0.28%.
The BoJ said earlier that it was boosting the size of its asset-purchase program by JPY10 trillion, in an effort to boost slowing economic activity and to counter the strengthening yen.
Meanwhile, investors remained cautious amid reports Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy remains uncertain about asking for help from the European Central Bank's new bond-purchasing program, which would mean signing up to a permanent bailout fund.
Markets were also jittery as the yield on Spain's 10-year government bonds was hovering at 5.89% earlier Wednesday, close to the 6% threshold, widely seen as unsustainable in the long term.
Financial stocks were sharply higher, as shares in German lenders Deutsche Bank and Commerzbank surged 1.60% and 2.02%, while France's Societe Generale and BNP Paribas climbed 0.58% and 0.53% respectively.
Peripheral lenders also added to gains, with shares in Italian banks Unicredit and Intesa Sanpaolo advancing 1.24% and 0.40%, while Spain's Banco Santander and BBVA rose 0.66% and 0.15%.
Elsewhere, Heineken soared 6.27% after stakeholders said they will back the company's USD4.6 billion bid for Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd.
In London, commodity-heavy FTSE 100 added 0.21%, supported by sharp gains in oil and mining stocks.
Oil giant Anglo American was one of the session's top gainers, with shares jumping 2.18%, while rival group BP climbed 0.89%.
Also on the upside, mining giants BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto rallied 0.76% and 0.68%, while copper producers Xstrata and Kazakhmys advanced 0.59% and 3.54% respectively.
Lonmin also gained ground, soaring 4.29%, after the company reached a pay agreement with workers at its Marikana mine in South Africa.
Meanwhile, financial stocks were mixed. Shares in HSBC Holdings surged 1.24% and the Royal Bank of Scotland rose 0.49%, while Lloyds Banking and Barclays declined 0.15% and 0.29%.
In the U.S., equity markets pointed to a higher open. The Dow Jones Industrial Average futures pointed to a 0.26% rise, S&P 500 futures signaled a 0.29% increase, while the Nasdaq 100 futures indicated a 0.29% gain.
Later in the day, the U.S. was to publish official data on building permits and on housing starts, followed by government data on crude oil stockpiles, as well as an industry report on existing home sales.


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Báo Thanh Niên English 3 week(s) ago
Cubans call for the end of the more than 50-year-old Cuban embargo by the United States after the United Nations overwhelmingly backs annual resolution.
Keywords: embargooverwhelminglyCubansurgeThe United NationsVotesThe United States
Báo Thanh Niên English 1 month(s) ago
Inside an abandoned movie theater on a noisy avenue in a working-class section of Havana, some 70 Cuban children as young as nine pursue their dream of joining the circus.
Keywords: schoolHernandezdreamSalariesCubanspursuelisten
Báo Tuổi Trẻ English 8 month(s) ago
Cuba plans to launch its own social media networks to counter "subversive" ones such as a Twitter-like app the United States was funding, an official said Wednesday.
Keywords: The United StatesTwittercounterNetworksCubansFundingembargo
Keywords: The Vietnamese MinistryA JapaneseCubansSon TraNgu Hanh Sonknock outstrengthen
Báo Tuổi Trẻ English 10 month(s) ago
For the first time in half a century, Cubans are being allowed to rent homes and commercial properties under a decision announced by the government Wednesday.
Keywords: CubansReal EstatePresident Raul CastrospaceReformsrule
VietNam News English 11 month(s) ago
Cuba and the United States has held talks on compliance with a nearly two-decade-old agreement aimed at encouraging safe and legal migration, both sides said.
Keywords: CubansTalksThe Foreign MinistryPresident Raul CastroAssistant Secretaryresume
Báo Thanh Niên English 11 month(s) ago
A man looks at the price of Peugeot cars in Havana January 3, 2014. Photo: Reuters
Keywords: CubansPeugeotstatebuygo onA Man
The Cuban people fete their National Day on the first day of every year. On this occasion, the country's new ambassador to Vietnam Herminio Lopez Diaz, writes to Vietnam News, Vietnam News Agency.
Keywords: SociorateCubansEconomic DevelopmentembargoVietnamese PeopleNational Day
Báo Tuổi Trẻ English 13 month(s) ago
HAVANA – Cuba announced plans Sunday for its biggest military exercise in four years, summoning armed forces and civilians to defend the nation from invasion.
Keywords: Armed ForcesExercisesdefendCubansmilitarilyThe United StatesFidel Castro
Báo Đầu Tư English 13 month(s) ago
1 related news
A record-equalling 188 countries on Tuesday condemned the five-decade-old US embargo against communist Cuba in an annual UN General Assembly vote that signalled hardening opposition to US sanctions.
Keywords: embargoThe United StatesCubansopposeStoresThe United NationsIn New York
Báo Tuổi Trẻ English 14 month(s) ago
Americans are visiting Cuba in record numbers despite strict travel restrictions, joining the hundreds of thousands of Cuban Americans who travel home each year, according to Cuban government figures published on Friday.
Keywords: travelCuban Americanstravel toembargoObamaAmericansTraveling
Báo Dân Trí English 17 month(s) ago
The United States and Cuba held migration talks, despite news that Panama had impounded a North Korean freighter carrying Cuban missile equipment.
Keywords: TalksThe United StatesDiscussionsImagessharkCubansThe State Department
Báo Tuổi Trẻ English 19 month(s) ago
Cubans barred from logging onto the Internet at home on Tuesday flocked to newly opened public access spots to surf an uncensored World Wide Web -- if they could afford the high prices.
Keywords: accessCubanswebFacebookThe WebEmailEarning
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Kearns Transport run a full commuter service from the Midlands to Dublin City Centre operating 7 days a week.
We operate a route linking Birr, Co. Offaly to Galway City. This service operates Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays.
During the College term we operate a service to NUI Maynooth. This service runs Monday - Friday.


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On their best behavior
Written by SHAUN SMITH Thursday, June 21, 2012 09:57 am
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It was a day to play for 318 students at the Ventnor Educational Community Complex who did not receive a disciplinary referral the entire school year.
Carnival games, food, music and plenty of room to run around was the reward for these students Thursday, June 14 during the fifth annual Superextravaganza. "They deserve it," said teacher Kristen Aponte who helped organize the event. Local donations were made by the Ventnor City Police Department and Policeman's Benevolent Association Local 97, Fireman's Mutual Benevolence Association Local 38, ShopRite, Rosenberger and Wolf, Annette's Luncheonette, Capri Pizza, Movie Day, VECC Honor Society, Ocean City Home Bank, Shellem's Surf Shack, Nix Salon, Veterans of Foreign Wars Post 3361, Dr. John Gaffney, Sam's Wholesale Club, Jalapeno's, Sun Hut Ocean City, AAAA Bike Shop, Chickie's and Pete's, Ventnor Beauty Supply, Acme, Caruso's Pizza, Margate Card Studio, Absecon Island Surfing Contest and Donna's Hallmark.
Photos by Shaun Smith
- Ventnor commissioners reschedule workshop meeting
- Ventnor joins Margate for bicycle, pedestrian planning
- Farmers market offers last minute shopping for Thanksgiving
- Margate City food drive nets truckload of food
- Family of 9 displaced in Nashville Avenue fire
- Ventnor to discuss shared services with Brigantine and AC schools
- NOTICE: Thanksgiving holiday changes trash, recycling schedule
- Ventnor schools get approved for $1.375 million in ROD grants
- Beach badges available for holiday gift-giving
- Margate students recognized for being talented youths
- Letter: Becker squandered $236,847 in legal fees
- Letter: Dune litigation can be funded from current budget
- Letter: Dune project propaganda is not being spread by MCQBP
- Letter: Vote yes to stop the dunes
- Letter: Vote yes on Margate referendum
- Letter: Fighting dune project is a losing battle
- Letter: Vote yes to continue fight against Margate dune project
- Letter: Margate newsletter misleading on dunes
- Letter: Taube on casino gambling in North Jersey
- Letter: Officials pit residents against the state


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For banks, the cancellation of 214 coal blocks on Wednesday is a major worry. Of the metals, mining and power companies whose coal blocks have been... ...http://www.sify.com/finance/coalgate-verdict-worried-banks-await-early-resolution-news-default-ojzbLwfeeibjd.html
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ISLAMABAD (Pajhwok): The Bilateral Security Agreement (BSA) between Afghanistan and the US is an issue that should be decided by Afghanistan in its best interest, the Pakistani prime minister said on Saturday.
KABUL (Pajhwok): Pakistani negotiators have voiced their frustration over continuing deadly attacks, warning the fledgling peace process and Taliban-linked violence could not go together.
KABUL (Pajhwok): Pakistani law-enforcement personnel on Friday claimed detaining three members of an Al Qaeda-linked group in the port city of Karachi.
ISLAMABAD (Pajhwok): Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on Wednesday arrived in Turkey to attend the 8th Afghanistan-Pakistan-Turkey Trilateral Summit, the foreign ministry announced.
LASHKARGAH (Pajhwok): A female Afghan police officer from southern Helmand province has been stabbed to death by armed rebels in Quetta, the capital of Pakistan's southwestern Balochistan province, an official said on Tuesday.
ISLAMABAD (Pajhwok): A drawdown of foreign forces from Afghanistan later this year might create a security vacuum that would be hard to fill, a Pakistani minister said on Thursday.
KABUL (PAN): The CIA has slowed down its drone campaign in Pakistan's northwestern tribal region near the Afghanistan border, as Islamabad woos the Taliban to the negotiating table, a media report said on Wednesday.
KABUL (Pajhwok): Eight people were killed and more than 40 others wounded on Tuesday night when a powerful bomb blast tore through a hotel in Pakistan's northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, media reports said.
KABUL (PAN): Three Pakistani security personnel were killed on Friday when their convoy came under improvised explosive device (IED) attack in southwestern Balochistan province.
KABUL (Pajhwok): A journalist was found dead a day after he went missing in Pakistan's northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, a media report said on Friday.
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posted Feb 28 2013 9:44AM
Chuck and Woo, Please DO NOT use my name or post my email address. I have a big issue at my office. My boss is a female pitbull. She's horribly controlling, talks down to ALL of us, she's verbally abusive and just a terrible person to work for. She has no emotion but anger. Working for her is miserable but it pays the bills. I work with about 20 other employees who ALL feel the same but nobody will say anything to her. Nobody will put their foot down to say 'HEY - You can't treat us like this'. I am willing to speak up. My husband said that it is a bad idea & will only end in me losing my job. I feel like if I talk to her and tell her that we all HATE her, she might soften up. Right? I can only hope. Maybe she doesn't know how rude & demeaning she is? I'm over it. What should I do? Will this backfire?
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Your husband is right. Confront a woman like this will not end well for anyone. The way I see it, if you are unhappy you should begin a new job search. If for whatever reasona this isn't possible you will need to confront her as a group with everyone taking equal parts (or so) in the conversation. This would limit her ability to single out an individual to take her wrath out on. If it does go south on you, the entire team will absorb her fury as oposed to a single person.
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Catapult King Answers for iPhone - iPodHome / iPhone - iPod /
Game Questions & Answers (Q&A) service lets you ask questions about video games for game consoles or PC games. So ask your Catapult King question for iPhone - iPod and get answers from real gamers or answer questions and share your insights and experience with the rest of the gaming community.
- Developer: Chillingo Ltd
- Publisher: Chillingo Ltd
- Genre: Action General
- Release Date: Jun 7, 2012
- ESRB: Not Set
Question & Answers
Can't pass level 63
How do you pass level 63? I get every guy knocked down but when it's over it keeps going back to the dragon!
Answer from: dialectual
That normally means that you have a guy trapped underneath one of the huge wooden walls that have fallen over on them...a rarity but a guy on the stone wall could have been blown away (from breath) and not killed. While dragon is in air
- shoot fire ball straight ahead to blow first wall.
- shoot splitter next to take out second wooden wall.
- shoot heavy shot just right to knock down three large guys on stone wall far away
While dragon is on ground
- bounce wooden ball on ground and off of each his knees to get him to blow the stone blocks on the sides
Unanswered Questions
From: hozie
Posted on: 11-04-2013
From: Jojo
Posted on: 04-18-2013
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From: Gonzo
Posted on: 06-18-2012
Global Assault - Gameplay Video
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- Zombie Jump Hero, (iPhone-iPod)
- Warriors Of The World Jump Rush, (iPhone-iPod)
- Unicorn Princess Rider - Extreme Fast Castle Runner Paid, (iPhone-iPod)
- Toy Space Astronaut Run, (iPhone-iPod)
- Tiny Pony Traveler - A Magical Horse Run Paid, (iPhone-iPod)
- Virtual Families 2: Our Dream House, (iPhone-iPod)
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Clinicians seek better outcomes for women with CVD
VIDEO: Pearls on dealing with refractive surprises
Rapid Response: Real World Use of Anti-VEGF Therapy - Clinical Experience Beyond Pivotal Trials
A Systematic Review and Adjusted Indirect Comparison of Oral Anticoagulants
Rehospitalization common for survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrest
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Video Industry News Video Company News Technology Industry News Technology Company News Novelty Industry News Novelty Company News Gay Industry News Gay Company News Legal Industry News All Company News
Photo Galleries: 'Kelly Shibari Is Overloaded'
Photographer: Kelly Shibari/Monarchy Distribution
Published: December 03, 2012
Sex Toys: Kelly Shibari Fleshlight
Photo Galleries: Kelli Staxxx Birthday Party
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Movies: Kelly Divine Is Buttwoman
Profile: Kelly Madison
Profile: Kelly Shibari
Profile: Kelly Kline
Profile: Kelly Nichols
Company News: Kelly Madison Media Earns 22 Nominations for 2015 AVN Awards
Published: November 24, 2014
Kelly Madison Media has received 22 nominations for the 2015 AVN Awards, including five nominations in Fan Awards categories.
Article: 'Milk' Ships on DVD November 26 from Kelly Madison Media
Published: November 24, 2014
Lara Brookes, Tristan Berrimore, Alison Rey, and Jenna J. Ross mix milk and Ryan Madison for a hot sex recipe in new TeenFidelity series.
Company News: Kelly Shibari Honored at 3rd Annual Inked Awards
Published: November 12, 2014
Kelly Shibari adds to her growing number of accolades, receiving BBW of the Year honors at the 2014 Inked Awards. The Inked Awards are an off-sho...
Company News: TeenFidelity's 'Real Life 4' Ships Nov. 12 From Kelly Madison Media
Published: November 10, 2014
Four hot teens show that real life is sometimes even hotter than scripted porn scenes, as their true-life shenanigans are captured in...
Article: Kelly Shibari to Speak at USC's Body Love Week
Published: November 04, 2014
Kelly Shibari will speak with students at the University of Southern California's Body Love Week tomorrow, November 5. Kelly will field...
Company News: Kelly Madison Media Dials Up Hot Booties in 'Pump that Rump 6'
Published: November 03, 2014
Some of the hottest booties in the adult industry are showcased in Kelly Madison Media's Pump That Rump 6 , shipping November 5 via Juicy...
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New PornFidelity series features Tasha Reign, Coco, Natasha Vega, Ranae Cruz, and Kelly Madison.
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Published: October 20, 2014
In Kelly Madison's World Famous Tits 8, the industry's most iconic breasts are showcased in all their glory. The Kelly Madison Media 2-disc DVD...
Company News: Kelly Shibari Named Best BBW Performer at NightMoves
Published: October 16, 2014
Kelly Shibari is celebrating a repeat win for Best BBW Performer at the 22nd Annual NightMoves Awards.
Article: Interview: Kelly Shibari's Big Year On Camera and Off
Published: October 14, 2014
In addition to such critically acclaimed projects as "Jessica Drake's Guide to Wicked Sex: Plus Size" and the star showcase "Meet Kelly" (Digital...
Company News: Kelly Madison Media to Ship PornFidelity's 'Obsessed 2' October 15
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Double disc features Emmanuelle London, Madison Ivy, Jennifer Dark, and Cameron Dee star, along with Kelly Madison in bonus scene


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We have a wide selection of upper body workout routines and strength training exercises designed for all fitness levels. Target all areas of your body from your shoulders and upper arms to your thighs and lower abs with these full-body exercises. The American Council on Exercise is committed to helping all workout enthusiasts reach their fitness goals safely and efficiently. For full-body workouts featuring these exercises, visit our Workouts section.
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Baste the lamb rack with olive oil, thyme leaves, salt and pepper, then spike the rosemary sprigs into the flesh.
Place in a tray in the barbeque and close the lid to roast for 30- 40 minutes
Blanche the potatoes and put into the barbeque with the lamb for 30 minutes
In the potato water blanche the vegetables and keep warm.
Melt the butter in a pan, add the flour and cook until the flour turns "sandy" then slowly pour in the vegetable water and lamb pan juices.
For more information and recipes from this series, click on the following link www.aliveandcooking.com.au
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Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Shiraz are the best wines to pair with B.B.Q. Roasted Rack of Lamb.
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text:
Columbia Coffee Growers on Strike
Colombia coffee growers on strike clash with the police
Thousands of coffee growers in Colombia have gone on strike demanding greater subsidies to protect them against falling international prices and a strong local currency.
President Juan Manuel Santos called for a halt to the protest, arguing it was "unnecessary and inconvenient".
There were a number of clashes with the police, and the opposition criticised the government's stance on the crisis.
Colombia is the world's fourth biggest coffee producer.
Coffee is also one of its biggest exports, with more than half a million families reliant on the crop for their livelihoods. But last year's crop was its lowest for decades.
Coffee growers blocked streets and motorways in a number of towns and some important cities, such as Medellin.
But security forces said they would not tolerate roadblocks, and some clashes broke out.
The opposition urged the government not to "criminalise" the protesters.
'Inconvenient and unnecessary'
The producers are demanding greater government support, after coffee prices plummeted on the international market last year.
But the president says his government already pays growers subsidies of 60,000 pesos (£21; $33) for every 125 kilograms of coffee and has said he will consider extending the benefit created last July.
"The strike is not only inconvenient and unnecessary but also unjust," he said in a speech broadcast on radio and TV.
Colombia is the world's fourth biggest producer, behind Brazil, Vietnam and Indonesia.
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Find records of W Adams
Find birth, death, marriage, military, and other records of W J Adams at Ancestry.com.Search for records
Biography & Family History Add details
W J Adams (1954 - 1988) was born on June 24, 1954. W was born into the Adams family.
W had no marriages. W died on April 15, 1988 at 33 years old.
W J Adams's last known residence is at Corrigan, Polk County, Texas.
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Possible Relatives
- Allen Adams
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- Ronald Gene Adams
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- Charles W Adams
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- Francisca Adams
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- Darrell Wayne Adams
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- Dollie Beatrice Adams
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- Lenora Adams
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- Arsenia M Adams
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- Camille Adams
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- Michael K Adams
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- Sylvia C Adams
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- Lesine Adams
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- George Adams
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- Mary H Adams
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- Myrtle L Adams
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- Evelyn Adams
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- Mary G Adams
- ·
- Bessie Bernice Adams
- ·
- Gladys Adams
- ·


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No ideas anyone? Or does everyone use 3rd party software to disable internet?
I have set up a fairly simple script for one of my schools whereby the teacher can control various computer's internet access. I'm sure there is freeware out there for it and/or a better script, but, the only flaw in my script is kids can still access new IE7 through using the address bar in windows explorer which opens IE7.
So there are three questions I wish to ask:
1) Is there any way to disable IE7 opening through windows explorer?
2) Is there a group policy setting to completely disable the address bar in windows explorer.
and finally 3) Has anyone else a good script that works with regards to disabling other's internet access at a different computer?
I tried various methods of doing this and I found an effective way of doing this without too much hassle is remotely pskill the IE process, then remotely change the permissions on the IE folder in program files thus disabling any icon or shortcut, the downside is it doesnt stop it though URLs in Windows Explorer.
I feel I am going an arse about tit way of doing this, but I tried writing various scripts and batches and this seemed the most reliable and quick to do.
Thanks guys, sorry for the ramblings.
No ideas anyone? Or does everyone use 3rd party software to disable internet?
Net Support can do this on a class to class or computer to computer basis....
Removing the Address Bar would be the solution otherwise, I think... my GPO books don't mention address bar in Explorer
LanView by MST Software does this perfectly. It's donate-ware.
It also puts a little Traffic Lights Applet on the teacher's machine to turn internet on and off.
Netsupport or if CC3 RM Tutor (netsupport rebranded) will do the trick
In AD you can put in a duff proxy port and close off IE that way.
Using another method, we find blocking port 80 is pretty effective - against those pesky kids making browsers from word documents and using other browsers
I do all of the above. For immediate stopping of internet (say for 1 lesson) lanviewer or RPKiller and to ban kids I have a move them to an OU with a null proxy
Snort IDS signature to pick up the IE6/7 Useragent in HTTP requests. Stick it in the Packetfence NAC as a violation and hey presto. The machine gets ARP Poisoned off the LAN.
That's a bit BOFH Geoff. The computer in this case is meant to be on the school network. The problem was that a approved application was being used.Originally Posted by Geoff
Wouldn't this be more job for a proxy/content filter?
LOLOriginally Posted by NetworkGeezer
BOFH rocks!!
Why choose? When you can have both? Defence in depth is your friend.Wouldn't this be more job for a proxy/content filter?
I thought IE7 opened a sperate process in taskman, this made Lanview a viable solution once again (after IE6 which didnt oopen a sperate process)
IE7 opens in a separate process here.
To go back to the original point, trying to block IE7 opening is going to be hard work; as others have said, just typing a URL in word and clicking it will open a browser.
I don't think you can reset the proxy on a machine which is already running IE (so if a user has IE open and the teacher wants all users to stop using the internet then you can't just make a remote registry change on that machine) I could imagine a script which remotely kills the iexplore process and pokes in fake proxy values.
The way I started working (but never quite finished ...) was to have a rule in ISA which blocked access from a group of computers. Staff would have access to a web page which allowed them to add computers to the blocked group. One day I'll finish this :-)
Hmm lots of info there, cheers guys. It cannot be AD based or anything of the sort, what they want is simply a button on the teachers desktop that turns off internet at client Pcs, they also don't want any proper GUI, they just want a batch file or something similar.
Well I can kill the process using Pskill but is there a way that you can block port 80 from another machine? The teachers are local admins and the kids aren't, can you do registry merges across networks easy?
Hi Bobo,
I really wouldn't do all that circus to simply control the Internet Access of the kids.
IMHO, you want to simply ensure that the kids go to only specific kinds of web-sites & do not go to porn etc. Maybe you also want some virus-scanning thrown in, along with checking user-agent signatures. And maybe you want to define the time-slots when the little guys can access the web. And maybe you want to be a complete "big-brother" who reports to the kid's parents with some impressive graphic reports about their kids, web-habits. This is pretty standard content filtering requirement.
I suggest you to check-up SafeSquid. It's a content filtering proxy.
The only down-side's you have to set-up a linux box. I know that this looks like a completely Microsoft Alley, but then the Windows Edition of SafeSquid's really pathetic. But the linux version, well ... you gotta use it to know it.
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