text:
Punitive damages after Campbell, Smith, and Romo: though not plaintiffs' victories, these three cases are hardly cataclysmic defeats. You can avoid the pitfalls.
For example, the National Association of Manufacturers hailed Campbell as "an important breakthrough in our continuing efforts to make judges more aware of the fact that elements of our judicial system are out of control." (4) The U.S. Chamber of Commerce extolled it as "a major victory for the business community's long-standing concern over unfair ... punitive damages awards." (5) The American Insurance Association celebrated, saying that Smith and Romo "broadened the application of [Campbell] ... by applying the same rules for determining the amount and basis for a punitive damages award to cases involving personal injuries." (6) And the American Tort Reform Association boasted that Campbell, Romo, and Smith collectively show that the "plaintiffs' lawyers' golden goose for punitive damages is now dead." (7)
Although none of the three cases can be fairly described as a plaintiffs' victory, they certainly should not be regarded as cataclysmic defeats, let alone revolutionary "breakthroughs," especially because they merely applied rather than fundamentally altered the standards that the Supreme Court established seven years ago in BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore. (8) In fact, as the Campbell Court emphasized, "under the principles outlined in BMW, this case is neither close nor difficult." (9)
More important, the Court declined to entertain the truly novel and radical arguments Ford advanced in its certiorari petitions in Smith and Romo, such as the notion that a manufacturer's "good faith" compliance with industry standards or government regulations creates an irrebuttable presumption that its actions were reasonable rather than reprehensible and, thus, that punitive damages cannot be had. Instead, in each case, the Court simply issued curt, identical "GVR" orders, "G"ranting Ford's petitions for certiorari, "V"acating the decisions below, and "R"emanding each case to the court from which it came "for further consideration in light of Campbell."
Contrary to tort "reformers'" inflated claims, the Court's routine housekeeping, docket-clearing rulings in Smith and Romo have absolutely no precedential value. (10) Indeed, contrary to tort "reformers'" assertions, these three cases do not portend the end of punitive damages; rather, the "reformers'" exaggerated claims signal nothing more than their plan to "spin" the Court's fact-bound application of existing precedent into a "landmark" ruling and thus to win in the court of public opinion what they have been unable to achieve in the High Court.
The Court and punitive damages
Punitive damages date back nearly four millennia to Hammurabi's Code (and, indeed, existed in some form in most ancient legal systems), (11) and the U.S. Supreme Court first addressed the general propriety of those awards nearly 200 years ago. (12) Yet until 15 years ago, the Court never considered whether a punitive damages award violated the Constitution, as opposed to whether a particular award ran afoul of common law or admiralty standards. (13) This hands-off approach ended in the mid-1980s, when corporate defendants, abetted by trade associations and industry-funded tort "reform" groups, began an enormous public relations campaign to convince the bench, the bar, and the public that punitive damages awards were "skyrocketing" in number and "exploding" in size, and therefore needed to be "reined in" by the Court. (14)
This campaign did not initially succeed, in large part because empirical studies by disinterested scholars consistently demonstrated that there was then, as now, no truth to those claims. (15) But by the end of the 1980s, the Court started to succumb to corporations' endless entreaties to bring the punitive damages "monster" to heel: It began to grant certiorari in a series of cases to review the constitutionality of punitive damages awards.
Thus, beginning in 1988, the Court issued a string of rulings that together established that punitive damages awards can be upheld only if trial and appellate courts minimize the risk of unwarranted or excessive awards by using safeguards designed to protect defendants' rights to procedural due process. These include adequate instructions to jurors to guide their discretion, trial court review of punitive awards to ensure their reasonableness, and appellate review of any awards that manage to surmount both hurdles. Significantly, it was not until seven years ago that the BMW Court held that a "grossly excessive" award violates defendants' rights to substantive due process.
The cases:
* First, in Bankers Life & Casualty Co. v. Crenshaw, (16) an insurer sought to have the Court overturn $1.6 million in punitive damages (representing 80 times the plaintiff's actual damages) that had been awarded against it for its bad-faith refusal to pay an insured's claim. The defendant contended that the award was so "disproportionate" as to violate the Due Process Clause, the Contract Clause, and the Eighth Amendment's Excessive Fines Clause. Although the Court found the case sufficiently tempting to grant certiorari, it never reached the merits of the petitioner's constitutional claims, as it ultimately recognized that they had not been adequately raised in the lower courts.
* Thirteen months later, an antitrust defendant beseeched the Court to revisit the same questions. It did, with virtually the same results. In Browning-Ferris Industries, Inc. v. Kelco Disposal, Inc., (17) the Court was asked to void a $6 million punitive damages award, again on both excessive fines and procedural due process grounds. The Court rejected the first argument, holding that the Eighth Amendment's proscription does not apply to awards in cases between private parties. And, as in Crenshaw, the Court did not reach the due process argument because it had not been preserved below.
* Two years later, the tort "reformers" again came knocking, this time with a due process challenge in another insurance case, Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Co. v. Haslip. (18) Contrary to the tort "reformers'" expectations, the Court refused to strike down a punitive damages award that was 200 times the size of the compensatory damages award. In upholding the jury's award, the Court stressed that a punitive damages award should be regarded as presumptively constitutional if, as in Haslip, adequate instructions had been available to confine the jury's common law discretion to fix the size of an award (even if the instructions were as vague and confusing as the ones provided in that case), and if judicial review had been available at both the trial and appellate levels.
The Court's opinion nevertheless contained some troubling dicta: As a general rule, a punitive damages award of "more than four times the amount of compensatory damages" might be "close to the line" of "constitutional impropriety," even if the 80:1 ratio of punitive-to-compensatory damages was tolerable on the facts of that particular case. (19)
More inauspiciously still, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote a lengthy, prescient dissent that her colleagues have increasingly relied on in the past decade. Quoting Peter Huber, and discovering what she called "an explosion in the frequency and size of punitive damages awards," (20) O'Connor took issue with the majority's postulate that common law procedures were adequate to shield defendants from unfair and disproportionate awards. Instead, she wrote, "our cases attest to the wildly unpredictable results and glaring unfairness that characterize common law punitive damages procedures," and she insisted that inchoate constitutional strictures should replace common law traditions. (21)
* If 4:1 seemed too "close to the line," then surely 526:1 was well over that line. Or so went the losing argument in TXO Products Corp. v. Alliance Resource Corp. (22) In that 1993 case, TXO, a Texas oil company, plotted to manufacture a "cloud" on the title of valuable property owned by Alliance, a rival West Virginia company--a cloud that TXO envisioned would compel Alliance to sell the property for a fraction of its true worth. What TXO did not count on was being caught in the act. Alliance uncovered the plot early on and sued TXO before any damage was done to the title and value of the property. As a result of Alliance's quick action, it suffered nothing more than $19,000 in litigation costs. Although Alliance's actual damages were small, it convinced a West Virginia jury that it should be awarded the $10 million in profits that TXO had hoped to realize if its scheme had succeeded.
There was no majority opinion for the Court, but a plurality decision written by Justice John Paul Stevens emphasized that a punitive damages award should not be deemed unconstitutional simply because it dwarfs the compensatory damages award. (23) To the contrary, Stevens underscored that punitives should be upheld as long as adequate procedural safeguards were in place, such as appropriate instructions to the jury and the availability of post hoc judicial review for reasonableness. (24) Applying those standards to the case facts, the Court concluded that the punitive damages award, while large and disproportionate, did not offend the Constitution, given the defendant's intentional, malicious, and fraudulent conduct; the fact that it was a repeat offender; its size and wealth; and the size of its "expected gain." (25)
* The following year, in Honda Motor Corp. v. Oberg, (26) the Court invalidated an Oregon stature that precluded appellate review of punitive damages awards. The statute was in keeping with the Oregon Constitution but in derogation of the longstanding common law practices that provide the baseline for due process. Writing for the Court, Stevens declared that appellate review is an essential attribute of procedural due process. (27)
In sum, until 1996, the Court viewed the issue of punitive damages entirely through the lens of procedural due process and focused solely on "the imprecise manner in which punitive damages systems are administered." (28) But in that year a sharply divided BMW Court struck down a "grossly excessive" $2 million punitive damages award against an automaker for repainting new but damaged cars without disclosing that fact to customers.
Ira Gore had paid $40,000 for a "brand new" luxury sedan, only to discover that BMW had repainted the car because it had been scarred by acid rain during shipping. Gore sought compensatory damages equal to the car's diminished value, plus unspecified punitive damages on behalf of himself and the thousands of other similarly situated BMW owners. The jury awarded $4,000 in compensatory damages and $4 million in punitive damages, which the Alabama Supreme Court reduced to $2 million, yielding a 500:1 ratio.
Stevens, writing the majority opinion, concluded that grossly excessive punitive damages work a denial of substantive due process. Although the Court again declined to fix a mathematically precise rule regarding how much was too much, it ruled that, on the facts of the case, 500:1 was certainly over the line. Given that only 56 repainted BMWs had been sold in Alabama during the relevant period, the Court held, the jury's 1,000:1 award was obviously but impermissibly based oil BMW's sales of repainted cars outside the state, even though Gore had never established that such practices were unlawful anywhere outside Alabama. As Stevens explained, "It follows from ... principles of state sovereignty and comity that a state may not impose economic sanctions on violators of its laws with the intent of changing the tortfeasors' lawful conduct in other states." (29)
Equally important, the Court articulated three "guideposts" for lower courts to use in determining whether a punitive damages award is grossly excessive. First, what is the degree of "reprehensibility" of the defendant's conduct? The more dangerous, fraudulent, frequent, or malicious it is, the greater the amount of punitive damages warranted. (30) Second, what is the ratio of punitive damages to the actual and potential harm that the plaintiff and other conceivable victims suffered? (31) Third, how does the punitive damages award compare with the civil or criminal penalties that had been or could be imposed for comparable misconduct? (32)
Finally, two years ago in Cooper Indus tries, Inc. v. Leatherman Tool Group, Inc., the Court in the exercise of its supervisory powers over inferior Article III courts--held that federal appellate courts must review punitive damages awards de novo. (33) The Court stressed that whether an award is grossly excessive, and thus violates due process, is a question of law and therefore subject to plenary review (unlike questions of fact, which cannot be reviewed de novo without violating the Seventh Amendment's Reexamination Clause). (34) Exacting appellate review, the Court explained, is both necessary and compulsory, at least in federal courts, to ensure that a punitive damages award is based on an "application of law, rather than a decision-maker's caprice." (35)
State Farm v. Campbell
In 1981, Curtis Campbell was driving with his wife on a two-lane highway in rural Utah when he decided to pass six vans traveling ahead of them, causing an accident that killed the innocent driver of an oncoming car and permanently disabled the blameless driver of a third car. (36)
Although Campbell told the police and investigators from his insurer, State Farm, that he had been driving carefully and was not to blame for the accident, State Farm's investigators quickly concluded that he was fully at fault and just as quickly advised the company to initiate settlement negotiations with the accident survivors, who had sued Campbell. But State Farm refused both that recommendation and the plaintiffs' own subsequent offer to settle the case for Campbell's policy limit of $50,000. At trial, a jury found Campbell 100 percent at fault and returned a judgment of $185,849 against him.
Although State Farm had previously promised Campbell that it would cover him in the event of an excess liability judgment, it now refused to do so. Furthermore, when Campbell and his wife asked a State Farm lawyer whether they should--and how they could--arrange to pay the excess liability judgment, he cavalierly suggested that they sell their home.
Although the Campbells did not sell their home, they did essentially sell their lawsuit: They settled with the plaintiffs, who pledged not to collect their judgment from the Campbells--thereby enabling the Campbells to pursue a bad-faith action against State Farm for its failure to settle what it knew to be a losing case--in exchange for the Campbells' vow to remit 90 percent of any recovery to the plaintiffs.
The Campbells then sued State Farm for bad faith, fraud, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. At trial, in an effort to establish State Farm's motives and state of mind and to counter the company's contention that its mishandling of the Campbells' defense was merely an unintended and isolated mishap, the Campbells' counsel focused nearly as much on State Farm's overall, nationwide claims-handling policies and practices as they did on its handling of the lawsuit against Campbell.
The jury found for the Campbells, awarding them $2.6 million in compensatory damages and $145 million in punitive damages. The trial court trimmed the awards to $1 million in compensatory and $25 million in punitive damages. The Utah Supreme Court, however, reinstated the $145 million punitive damages award, concluding that "State Farm's fraudulent conduct has been a consistent way of doing business for the last 20 years, directed specifically at some of society's most vulnerable groups." (37)
What does Campbell mean for tort plaintiffs?
The key to the U.S. Supreme Court's decision to reverse the Utah high court's ruling was its rejection, as constitutionally untenable, of that court's finding regarding State Farm's "consistent way of doing business for the last 20 years" across the country.
In a 6-3 opinion written by Justice Anthony Kennedy, the Court concluded that even if State Farm's nationwide policies had been designed to reject legitimate claims and reduce justified payouts in order to boost corporate profits, as the Campbells argued, "most of [those] practices bore no relation to third-party automobile insurance claims, the type of claim underlying the Campbells' complaint." (38) The Court consequently held that the award of $145 million in punitive damages was grossly excessive and therefore violated substantive due process.
Significantly, the Court regarded its decision as anything but new or exceptional, emphasizing that "under the principles outlined in BMW, this case is neither close nor difficult." (39) Indeed, in articulating the rationale for its holding in Campbell, the Court expressly reaffirmed, applied, and elaborated on each prong of BMW's three-part test.
It reiterated that the first factor--the reprehensibility of a defendant's conduct--remains the "most important indicium of the reasonableness of a punitive damages award." (40) In doing so, the Court expanded from three to five the number of criteria that lower courts must consider in assessing reprehensibility--that is, whether
* the harm caused was physical as opposed to economic
* the tortious conduct evinced an indifference to or a reckless disregard for the health or safety of others
* the target of the conduct was financially vulnerable
* the conduct involved repeated actions or was an isolated incident
* the harm resulted from intentional malice, trickery, or deceit, or mere accident. (41)
Notably, although "the existence of any one of these [five] factors weighing in favor of a plaintiff may not be sufficient to sustain a punitive damages award; and [although] the absence of all of them renders any award suspect," (42) the converse also is true: The fact that a defendant's conduct triggers all five factors certainly should tip the scales in favor of a finding that a defendant's actions were thoroughly opprobrious. Indeed, the Court--by reiterating that the first two and most important factors in assessing reprehensibility are physical harm and health or safety, and by repeatedly stressing that Campbell did not involve personal injuries or threats to health or safety (43)--strongly suggested that lower courts should make a more generous allowance for punitive damages in tort cases that do involve injuries, deaths, or threats to public safety and health.
Applying these five criteria to State Farm's conduct, the Court concluded that the Utah Supreme Court's analysis of reprehensibility was irredeemably flawed, as the lower court had condemned State Farm for "dissimilar" and "nationwide" activities, rather than for the company's wrongful conduct toward the Campbells and any conduct toward others that "replicated" State Farm's actions toward the Campbells. (44)
The Court reaffirmed the broad principle that evidence of a defendant's "other acts" may be used both to assess the reprehensibility of the defendant's conduct and to measure the appropriate size of a punitive damages award. Because it is reasonable to "presume" that "a plaintiff has been made whole for his injuries by compensatory damages," (45) the Court has long recognized that the only sound rationale for allowing a private litigant to seek and collect punitive damages is that such damages are often the only means by which the public at large can vindicate its legitimate interest in punishing wrongdoing and in deterring future misconduct by the defendant or others. (46)
For this reason, the principle and calculus have been straightforward--the greater the danger (both actual and potential) to the largest number of people, the higher the amount of punitive damages that should be, and generally will be, sustained. (47)
Campbell does nothing to disturb this basic rule. It directs courts to evaluate whether the defendant's "tortious conduct evinced an indifference to or a reckless disregard for the health or safety of others" and whether the conduct "involved repeated actions." (48) In neither instance are fact-finders and courts admonished to narrowly consider how the conduct affected the health and safety of just the plaintiff or to myopically gauge whether the defendant had engaged in "repeated" misconduct toward the plaintiff alone. (49)
What Campbell does do is clarify what "other acts" evidence is constitutionally relevant and permissible in determining whether punitive damages should be awarded and, if, so, in what amount.
The touchstone of using "other acts" evidence is the similarity of those acts to the conduct that specifically harmed or threatened the plaintiff. On one hand, a court may not base a punitive damages award on the wholly unrelated, "tangential," or "hypothetical" claims of other parties, on a "defendant's dissimilar acts," or on a defendant's status as "an unsavory individual or business." On the other hand, however, due process does not require that "other acts be identical" to those that harmed the plaintiff "to have relevance in the calculation of punitive damages." (50)
Applying these standards to the facts in Campbell, the Court held that the "fundamental reason" the punitive damages awarded were unconstitutional was that the Utah courts "rel[ied] upon" grossly dissimilar conduct, going so far as to award punitive damages "to punish and deter conduct that bore no relation to the Campbells' harm." Thus, the Utah courts erred by punishing State Farm not only for its mistreatment of the Campbells or similarly situated insureds, but also for its mishandling of insurance claims "that had nothing to do with" the kind of "third-party lawsuit" at issue in that case. (51)
As such, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision was a narrow one: "In this case, because the Campbells have shown no conduct by State Farm similar to that which harmed them, the conduct that harmed them is the only conduct relevant to the reprehensibility analysis." (52)
In this light, whether a defendant's similar misconduct happened to occur in one or more other states and whether such similar misconduct happened to be lawful or not in some or all of those states is of secondary importance. To be sure, the Court cautioned that a "state cannot punish a defendant for conduct that may have been lawful where it occurred" (53) and may not even "have a legitimate concern in imposing punitive damages to punish a defendant for unlawful acts committed outside of the state's jurisdiction." (54) At the same time, though, the Court emphasized that even "lawful out-of-state conduct may be probative when it demonstrates the deliberateness and culpability of the defendant's action in the state where it is tortious," as long as "that conduct [has] a nexus to the specific harm suffered by the plaintiff." (55)
The second BMW guidepost to be considered in assessing the constitutionality of a punitive damages award is the ratio between the compensatory and punitive damages. Although the Court again "decline[d] ... to impose a bright-line ratio which a punitive damages award cannot exceed," (56) it also observed that "in practice, few awards exceeding a single-digit ratio between punitive and compensatory damages, to a significant degree, will satisfy due process." (57)
While the Court found that the 145:1 ratio between the punitive and compensatory damages awarded to the Campbells was not justified by either what it regarded as State Farm's relatively minor misconduct (58) or the comparatively modest and extremely well compensated nature of the Campbells' actual injuries, (59) it did not hold that all "disproportionately" high awards are ineluctably unconstitutional. To the contrary, the Court went out of its way to proclaim that "because there are no rigid benchmarks that a punitive damages award may not surpass, ratios greater than we have previously upheld may comport with due process" under three circumstances: where "the injury is hard to detect," "a particularly egregious act has resulted in only a small amount of economic damages," or "the monetary value of non-economic harm might have been difficult to determine." (60)
Indeed, the Court did not overrule, or even question, its decision in TXO, where it upheld a punitive damages award that was 526 times greater than the actual damages awarded by the jury. Nor did the Court give lower courts any reason to second-guess its oft-expressed views that "some wrongs are more blameworthy than others," that the punishment should reflect the "enormity of the offense," and that "aggravating" factors in a "particularly egregious" case can justify both a larger gross award and a higher ratio. (61) Tellingly, though, the Court also suggested that "the converse is also true.... When compensatory damages are substantial, then a lesser ratio, perhaps only equal to compensatory damages, can reach the outermost limit of the due process guarantee." (62)
As a result, many plaintiffs will face an increased burden to justify not only a ratio higher than 9:1 but also a ratio greater than 1:1. They can surmount this hurdle, though, by showing that the defendant's conduct implicated many of the five "reprehensibility" factors and that the compensatory damages awarded are too low to adequately deter misconduct, which remains a principal purpose of punitive damages. (63)
For example, in personal injury cases, plaintiffs should stress that the level of compensatory damages awards in such cases is often "too low in practice to accomplish proper deterrence." (64) The nation's leading "law and economics" scholars--an overwhelmingly conservative, probusiness group of academic theorists--acknowledge that this is especially true about the level of the compensatory damages awarded in wrongful death cases, which generally are calculated on the basis of the survivors' financial losses and invariably fail to compensate fully (if at all) the value of the decedent's life, a failure that therefore causes "systematic underdeterrence" of dangerous conduct. (65)
BMW's "third indicium of excessiveness" invites a comparison between "the punitive damages award and the civil or criminal penalties that could be imposed for comparable misconduct" (66) or between the award and "the civil penalties authorized or [actually] imposed in comparable cases." (67) Despite the fact that the BMW Court declared that penalties can "take the form of legislatively authorized fines or judicially imposed punitive damages" (68)--and thus permitted lower courts to uphold punitive damages awards if they were close to awards previously rendered in similar cases (69)--many post-BMW litigants and courts have focused exclusively on "legislatively authorized" penalties rather than "judicially imposed" ones.
This was true in Campbell, where both parties tried to turn BMW's comparable-legislative-sanctions concept to their advantage. On one hand, the plaintiffs contended (and the Utah Supreme Court agreed) that the jury's $145 million punitive damages award was not unconstitutional because that sum was much smaller than the other legislative penalties, both civil and criminal, that could have been imposed on State Farm, such as "the loss of [its] business license, the disgorgement of profits, and possible imprisonment" of its corporate officers. On the other hand, State Farm argued--and the Court expressly found--that "the most relevant civil sanction under Utah state law for the wrong done to the Campbells appears to be a $10,000 fine for an act of fraud." (70)
If the Campbell Court had stayed true to the BMW approach, it would have acceded to State Farm's arguments and trimmed the punitive damages award to the $10,000 pittance. The Court, however, did nothing of the sort. Instead, it essentially concluded that although State Farm's misconduct did not justify the imposition of the corporate equivalent of a death penalty--the loss of its license to do business in Utah--it did justify substantially more than a $10,000 fine. That conclusion compelled the Court to rethink its doctrine and reconsider the worth of the legislative sanctions factor in the punitive damages calculus.
Accordingly, in a notable retreat from BMW--a retreat that benefitted the plaintiffs in Campbell and could prove advantageous to those in other cases--the Court discounted the usefulness of considering comparable legislative penalties in determining the appropriate size of a punitive damages award. (71) As the Court now sees the situation, although "the existence of a criminal penalty does have bearing on the seriousness with which a state views the wrongful action," the range and size of legislative penalties have "less utility" when "used to determine the dollar amount of [a punitive damages] award." (72) Indeed, the fact that the Court's ultimate recommendation in this case--that the punitive damages that can be awarded to the Campbells on remand should be pegged "at or near the amount of compensatory damages," (73) an amount 100-200 times the maximum "relevant" legislative sanction--demonstrates that this branch of BMW's comparable-penalties guidepost has been pruned to the trunk.
In any event, the Court did "not dwell long on this guidepost," as the comparable legislative sanctions that the Utah Supreme Court had identified could not have been imposed except by relying on constitutionally illegitimate examples of State Farm's misconduct--that is, "evidence of [its] out-of-state and dissimilar conduct."
In this light, when plaintiffs try to satisfy BMW's third guidepost, they should focus on how the defendant's acts were substantially similar to misconduct that had triggered civil fines or criminal sanctions in the past, or could do so in the future. Alternatively, because judicially imposed punitive damages also provide "fair notice ... of the severity of the penalty that a state may impose," plaintiffs can invite comparisons to cases in the state in which "large," "disproportionate" punitive damages had been awarded. (74)
Although defendants and tort "reform" groups will keep trying to depict Campbell as an innovative and watershed decision, it is nothing of the sort. Still, because Campbell elaborated on certain aspects of the first BMW guidepost, clarified key features of the second, and refined one facet of the third, plaintiff lawyers need to study this decision with care and follow its dictates with circumspection.
In the final analysis, however, there is little reason for plaintiff lawyers to become disheartened--and no reason why they should allow the courts, the media, and the public to be misled--about the meaning and import of Campbell. Defendants and tort "reformers" may hope and even believe that Campbell, Romo, and Smith show that "punitive damages [are] now dead," (75) but their wishes and conjectures do not make it so.
(1.) 123 S. Ct. 1513 (2003).
(2.) 123 S. Ct. 2072 (mem.) (2003).
(3.) 123 S. Ct. 2072 (mem.) (2003).
(4.) Press Release, National Association of Manufacturers, NAM Hails High Court's Ruling Against "Excessive" Punitive Damages Awards (Apr. 7, 2003), available at www.nam.org/tertiary.asp?TrackID=& CategoryID=611&DocumentID=26236.
(5.) Press Release, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Supreme Court Limits Size & Appropriateness of Punitive Damage Awards; $145 Million Utah Ruling Held Unconstitutional (Apr. 7, 2003), available at www.uschamber.com/nclc/news/alerts/alert030407. htm.
(6.) Press Release, American Insurance Association, U.S. Supreme Court Remands, Instructs Lower Courts to Use New Punitive Damages Standards in Personal Injury Cases (May 20, 2003), available at www. aiadc.org/dochandler.asp?file=/outbound/pubaffairs/ PA_9968_9690.htm&root=\\webdb1.
(7.) Press Release, American Tort Reform Association, U.S. Supreme Court Action Confirms Last Month's Opinion on Punitive Damages Applies to Product Liability Cases (May 19, 2003), available at www.atra.org/show/7561.
(9.) Campbell, 123 S.Ct. 1513, 1521 (emphasis added).
(10.) Lawrence v. Chater, 516 U.S. 163, 168, 170 (1996). A "GVR" is not a final determination on the merits, "but only a conclusion that an intervening decision is sufficiently analogous to make reexamination of file case appropriate." Florida v. Burr, 496 U.S. 914, 918 (1990) (Stevens, J., dissenting to a GVR); accord Bd. of Trs. of Keene State Coll. v. Sweeney, 439 U.S. 24, 26 (1978) (Stevens, J., joined by three other justices, dissenting to a GVR).
(11.) Although the earliest common law cases to explicitly discuss punitive damages are Wilkes v. Wood, 98 Eng. Rep. 489 (C.P. 1763), and Huckle v. Money, 95 Eng. Rep. 768 (K.B. 1763), the equivalents of such damages we re available under ancient Babylonian, Egyptian, Greek, Hittite, Hebrew, Hindu, and Roman codes. See Thomas B. Colby, Beyond the Multiple Punishment Problem: Punitive Damages as Punishment for Individual, Private Wrongs, 87 MINN. L. REV. 583, 614-43 (2003).
(12.) Alexander Murray v. The Charming Betsy, 6 U.S. (2 Cranch) 64 (1804) (per Marshall, C.J.).
(13.) The Court assessed the propriety of punitive damages in The Charming Betsy and other early cases solely in the exercise of its original jurisdiction over admiralty eases, not in the context of constitutional challenges to such awards.
(14.) See Kenneth J. Chesebro, Galileo's Retort: Peter Huber's Junk Scholarship, 42 AM. U. L. REV. 1637, 1705-22 (1993) (detailing the origins, scope, methods, and effectiveness of this and similar tort "reform" campaigns.)
(15.) Empirical studies of jury awards in actual cases have consistently found that punitive damages are infrequently awarded and are especially rare in medical malpractice and products liability suits. See Bureau of Justice Statistics, Civil Justice ,Survey of State Courts, 1996: Tart Dials and Verdicts in Large Counties (1996), BJS BULL., Aug. 2000, at 1; STEPHEN DANIELS & JOANNE MARTIN, CIVIL JURIES AND THE POLITICS OF REFORM 214 (Am. Bar Found. 1995); E. MOLLER, TRENDS IN CIVIL JURY VERDICTS SINCE 1985 33 (RAND 1996); W. LANDES & R. POSNER, THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE OF TORT LAW 304-07 (1987); T. Eisenberg et al., The Predictability of Punitive Damages, 26 J. LEGAL STUD. 623, 633-37 (1997); Nell Vidmar et al., Punitive Damages by Juries, 38 HARV. J. LEGIS. 487, 487 (2001).
(19.) Id. at 23-24.
(20.) Id. at 61 (O'Connor, J., dissenting).
(21.) Id. at 49.
(23.) See id. at 459.
(24.) See id. at 456-57.
(25.) Id. at 462.
(27.) See id. at 430-32.
(28.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1520 (emphasis added).
(29.) BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 572 (emphasis added).
(30.) Id. at 575.
(31.) Id. at 580.
(32.) Id. at 574-75, 583.
(34.) Id. at 432-40. Although several state courts have assumed that Cooper applies to the states, that proposition is dubious. See Robert S. Peck, Recent Developments in Appellate Advocacy, 37 TORT & INS. L.J. 281, 289-93 (2002).
(35.) Cooper, 532 U.S. 424, 436.
(36.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1517.
(37.) Campbell v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 65 P.3d 1134, 1154 (Utah 2001).
(38.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1519.
(39.) Id. at 1521.
(40.) Id.
(41.) Id. BMW had mentioned the first, second, and fifth of these five factors. See 517 U.S. 559, 576.
(42.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1521.
(43.) Id. See also BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 576.
(44.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1522-23.
(45.) Id. at 1521.
(46.) BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 568, citing TXO, 509 U.S. 443, 456, and Haslip, 499 U.S. 1, 21-22. See EEOC v. Waffle House, Inc., 534 U.S. 279, 294-95 (2002); Newport v. Fact Concerts, Inc., 453 U.S. 247, 266-70 (1981).
(47.) See TXO, 509 U.S. 443, 460.
(48.) 123 S. Ct 1513, 1521 (emphasis added).
(49.) See id. at 1523.
(50.) Id.
(51.) Id. (emphasis added). See id. at 1519.
(52.) Id. at 1524.
(53.) Id. at 1522, citing BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 572.
(54.) Id. (emphasis added).
(55.) Id. Indeed, as the Court noted in TXO, a defendant's "wrongdoing in other parts of the country" is a factor "typically considered in assessing punitive damages." 509 U.S. 443, 462 n.8. See also Brief Amicus Curiae filed in Campbell by the Attorneys General of Minnesota and 11 other states, 2002 WL 31409928, at *3, *4 (Oct. 18, 2002) ("States routinely use out-of-state conduct in the determination of criminal sentences" and in many "regulatory matters.").
(56.) Id. at 1524.
(57.) Id. (emphasis added).
(58.) Id. at 1521, 1528-29.
(59.) In the Court's view, not only did the Campbells receive "substantial" and "complete" compensatory damages for their "minor" nonphysical injuries, but the punitive damages they received also amounted to a double payment for their unusual emotional injuries because "the compensatory damages for the injury suffered here" included "a component which was duplicated in the punitive award." Id. at 1513, 1524-25.
(60.) Id. at 1524, quoting BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 582 (emphasis added).
(62.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1524 (emphasis added).
(63.) Id. at 1516, citing BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 575. See also Cooper, 532 U.S. 424, 432, and Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323, 350 (1974).
(64.) A. Mitchell Polinsky & Steven Shaven, Punitive Damages: An Economic Analysis, 111 HARV. L. REV. 869, 941-42 (1998).
(65.) Id. at 941-42 & n.229. "The limitation of damages to survivors' pecuniary loss ... results in a systematic underestimation of damages." WILLIAM LANDES & RICHARD POSNER, THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE OF TORT LAW 1987 (1987). See also David Haddock et al., An Ordinary Economic" Rationale for Extraordinary legal Sanctions, 78 CAL. L. REV. 1, 4 & n.10 (1990).
(67.) Id. at 574-75.
(68.) Id. at 572 (emphasis added).
(69.) See, e.g., Cooper v. Casey, 97 F.3d 914, 920 (7th Cir. 1996).
(70.) Campbell, 123 S. Ct. 1513, 1526.
(71.) Id.
(72.) Id.
(73.) Id.
(74.) Id. at 1520, quoting BMW, 517 U.S. 559, 574.
(75.) Press Release, supra note 7.
Ned Miltenberg is senior counsel to the Center for Constitutional Litigation (CCL) in Washington, D.C. He served as U.S. Supreme Court counsel for the plaintiffs in Ford Motor Co. v. Smith and continues to serve as appellate counsel on that cases remand to the Kentucky Supreme Court. Mr. Miltenberg and his CCL colleagues also are serving as U.S. Supreme Court counsel in opposing the defendant's pending petition for certiorari in Philip Morris, Inc. v. Williams, another punitive damages case. Erwin Chemerinsky is the Sydney M. Irmas Professor of Public Interest Law, Legal Ethics, and Political Science at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He served as U.S. Supreme Court counsel in Ford Motor Co. v. Romo.
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text: 24 Hour Challenge View full-size image < previous next > Is this photo a winner? "This Jan. 28-29, 2010 the Athletic Council at my school hosted a 24 Hour Challenge in support of Right To Play. The event consisted of about 100 students staying physically active for 24 consecutive hours! Working with custom ink to create a shirt for all of our participants as so easy! Besides how AMAZING the shirts looked, the best part was the shirts were delivered in under the two week minimum!" - LindsayT (Feb 09, 2010) Share this photo on: Twitter Facebook Pinterest Similar Photos: students | school | charity | fun | participant teams | 24 hour challenge | athletic council | right to play | phyical activity | group shot Feeling inspired? Visit the CustomInk Design Lab to start your own group order. Design Your Own comment by Guest - May 01, 2012 - back to the top You need know by now, your composing goes to the esnscee of the issue. Your lucidity leaves me seeking to know more. I am heading to instantly seize your feed to keep up currently along with your web website. Alleging thanks is simply my little way of saying what a masterpiece for a extraordinary resource. Take on my greatest needs for your subsequent article.

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Test Your Knowledge of HR History*
Each of these events happened in the 20th century. See if you can put them in the correct chronological order. For a greater challenge, name the year that the event occurred. Search for clues with your Web browser. Hint: Summaries of many labor laws can be found at the U.S. Department of Labor, Major Laws&Regulations Enforced by the Department of Labor, Web site.
A. The minimum wage is raised to $7.25 an hour.
B. Executive Order 11246 is issued to provide for equal employment opportunity for those working for government contractors.
C. President Clinton signs the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA).
D. Congress passes the Railway Labor Act, requiring employers to bargain with unions.
E. Congress passes the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), banning child labor.
F. Congress passes the Occupational Safety and Health Act.
G. President Truman seizes the steel industry when steel companies reject recommendations made by the Wage Stabilization Board.
H. The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) is signed to protect workers who are called to active military duty.
I. Congress passes the Employment Retirement Income Security Act regulating all private pension plans.
J . The North American Free Trade Agreement is passed.
K. Congress passes the Equal Pay Act prohibiting wage differentials based on gender for workers covered by the FLSA.
L. President Reagan signs a welfare reform bill requiring single parents with children over 3 years old to get regular jobs.
M. United States enters World War II.
N. Frances Perkins becomes secretary of labor and the first woman named to a presidential cabinet.
*Source: Adapted from Workforce, Workforce Extra Supplement, October 1998, p. 7, and the U.S.


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Stephanie Huff, vice president of human resources for Tire Discounters Inc., recently received the National Diversity Council's 2014 Glass Ceiling Award. She shares the company's strategies for recruiting women in an exclusive interview with MTD.
Tags: diversity, recruitment, Stephanie Huff, Tire Discounters Inc.
Tags: Automotive Engineers, Continental AG, Heinz-Gerhard Wente, recruitment
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December 12-13
Christmas with Barry Epperley
Buy Tickets
7:30 pm
January 24
Michael Rossi conducting Verdi, Dvorak and Tchaikovsky
Buy Tickets
7:30 pm
Artistic Director and Conductor Search
Signature Symphony at Tulsa Community College has narrowed its search for a new artistic director and conductor to three finalists:
Andrés Franco
Michael Rossi
Timothy Verville
Franco, Rossi and Verville were chosen from a pool of more than 50 applicants during a nationwide search that began when Dr. Barry Epperley announced he would step down as Artistic Director and Conductor of the Signature Symphony at Tulsa Community College on July 31, 2014.
This year's season will feature concerts showcasing the programming and performing skills of the three candidates, along with an encore of one of the most powerful concerts this orchestra has presented.
Signature Symphony at TCC performances are presented with the generous support of the Oklahoma Arts Council.
As professional orchestra in residence at Tulsa Community College, the Signature Symphony at TCC offers outstanding performances and creative programming in the elegant setting of the VanTrease Performing Arts Center for Education (PACE).
Call 918-595-7777 for tickets.


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A Good Year for Cyber Criminals, Bad Year for Companies – How Will 2015 Fare?
November 20, 2014 Leave a comment
This week, CIO reported that nearly a billion records were compromised in 2014. It shouldn't be surprising, considering there seemed to be a hack or breach every week, but to see the number written out is pretty shocking. The article calls out that in the first nine months of 2014, after 1,922 confirmed incidents, criminals managed to compromise 904 million records. Many of the incidents reported in 2014 were record setting, including 20 that resulted in the compromise of more than a million records each. Many experts, including the ones here at Triumfant, have been wondering – as companies are planning their budget allocations for 2015, will security finally receive the attention (and spend) it deserves?
We recently conducted a survey to gauge security spending in relation to budgets as a whole, and the data we got back spoke volumes. The survey of security/IT professionals addressed both security spending during the past five years and current budget spend when it comes to protecting a company's assets, employees and customers. Organizations are more concerned than ever about the security of their companies, yet 85 percent of respondents said the total spend on IT security is less than 25 percent of their total budget (with 53 percent indicating it's less than 10 percent).
Our CEO John Prisco notes, "We are at the point where there is a major hack or a breach each week, and it's disheartening that companies are still not putting the resources behind security. Our findings showed that when it comes to marketing, only 78 percent say spend is less than 25 percent of budget. Moving into 2015 and using what we learned over this year, those marketing dollars would be better spent proactively protecting against a breach instead of being available to cover for one after the fact."
Additional key findings include:
- Thirty-five percent of survey takers are barely concerned or not concerned at all, about a security breach.
- While many still downplay their security concern, 56 percent of survey takers stated that budget for security resources increased during the past five years.
- More than half (59 percent) of survey respondents also said they take cyber threats more seriously than they did five years ago.
So now what? From our perspective, it's time to say good riddance to the "year of the hack" and hope that companies take the opportunity to allocate spending toward better protecting their assets in 2015.


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Subscribe to HELLO! and save up to 40%Subscribe
Friday January 22, 2010
Slumdog Millionaire director Danny Boyle will make his debut at the National Theatre with a new version of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.
Oscar winner Danny first discussed the idea with the National's theatre director a decade ago, but said he had been "distracted by movies".
The play, which will be set in the early 19th century, will open at the Olivier theatre next winter.
Cast members are still to be decided.
Photo: � PA
The latest news and pictures of the hot young Hollywood actress and star of Silver Linings Playbook
All the latest news, photos and more from the famous couple...


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Software Solutions Technical Specialist
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METTLER TOLEDO is the global leader in the manufacturing, marketing and service of precision instruments for use in industrial, laboratory and food retailing applications. We have one of the largest Global Service and Sales organizations among precision instrument companies. We are hiring a Software Solutions Technical Specialist.
This position is responsible for performing billable professional services related to the Lab Business Areas software solutions particularly METTLER TOLEDOs LabX instrument control and data collection software platform.
ESSENTIAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES include the following.
Executes validation per MT established protocols which include procedures to support the definition, development, installation, start-up, and testing of new and installed lab software systems and applications.
Provides services for customer implementations and installations in both regulated and non-regulated environments.
Works with pre-sales in consultative capacity to build sales pipeline.
Responsible for the communication and coordination of validation activities and for balancing multiple projects and priorities while participating on cross-functional teams within Professional Services.
Provide Secondary phone support to end-users, sales personnel, and field service technicians on the Laboratory Software product lines.
Training support to field sales organization, customer support, insides sales and other members of Professional Services.
Other duties may be assigned.
Associates degree in Science, Engineering, Computer Engineering and/or experience required. Experience working with computer and application validation, cGMPs, and 21 CFR Part 11 in an FDA regulated environment is a plus. Working experience with databases, instrument automation applications, and computer networking with Windows operating systems is required.
Problem solving ability along with excellent communication skills and diplomacy with customers are critical to the performance in the position.
Project management skills, interpersonal, communication skills, detail oriented, coordinates projects and working in a team-based environment are essential for success in this position. Knowledge of validation principles, proficient computer skills in Microsoft Word, Excel, and Visio are also required. Microsoft Certified Professional or Engineer accreditations a plus
While performing the duties of this job, the employee is regularly required to sit for approximately 50% of the time, stand 45%, and kneel and bend 5%. The incumbent must be able to use a personal computer and talk on the phone. The job involves lifting tasks normally limited to 25 lbs. or less. Travel requirement for this position is approximately 60%, and the ability to operate a motor vehicle will be required in those instances.
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NBA champion Juwan Howard has reportedly snagged fellow basketball stars Baron Davis, Trevor Ariza, Carlos Boozer, Josh Smith plus hip-hop artists Rick Ross, Game, Soulja Boy Tell Em and more for an upcoming new rap album.
Details on the unexpected basketball-meets-rap LP hit the Internet Sunday (September 2).
A hip-hop album entitled "Full Court Press Vol. 1″ will feature guys from the league, including Juwan Howard, Baron Davis, Trevor Ariza, Lamar Odom, Carlos Boozer, Glen Davis, Shawn Marion, Josh Smith and more. In addition, the album is rumored to have artists like Rick Ross, Trina, Snoop Dogg, Birdman, The Game, T-Pain, Bun B, Twista and Soulja Boy on it, as well. (Complex)
Howard has already stepped up to defend the project and its motivation.
Nevertheless, NBCMiami.com reports that Howard is teaming with rap star Rick Ross to release a single called "It's Time to Ball." The song will headline a forthcoming album entitled, "Full Court Press Volume 1." "I started to have fun with it," Howard, who has more than $151 million of NBA earnings to his name, says of the rapping. "I was like, you know what? I've done this before at home in the shower. But now it's real in the studio. But then I started getting the beat, I've got a little rhythm now." (CBS Sports)
The forthcoming LP's producer has also confirmed its validity.
The album's producer, Shannon Lawrence, adds that he is eyeing Heat All-Stars LeBron James and Dwyane Wade for a future posse cut. "To do some good, clean inspiring music with NBA athletes and a major recording artist in the industry is really the whole thing behind it," Lawrence says of Howard's album. "I would love to get LeBron and D-Wade to be with Juwan." (CBS Sports)
Recently, Oklahoma City Thunder's Kevin Durant hinted at dropping his own rap album in the future.
"I enjoy doing a lot of different things. I'm a basketball player. That's what I do and what I love but that's just not all who I am. I'm talented in a lot of different areas. Rapping is one of those things I just enjoy doing. I have fun doing. [Basketball player] Stephen Jackson is pretty good. He's a nice rapper. It's a privilege to be on a song with him. It's not one of those songs where you're just talking about how much money you got. It's one of those inspirational kind of deals. … I think I'm going to do something. I have some resources and some nice people that's going to help me out. I have a studio in my house already. Maybe I might put out a little something and have a little something." (Washington Post)
Check out footage of the LP trailer below:


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Local News
Police Standoff Leads to School LockdownDecember 6, 2013 8:31 am
A man breaking windows inside a home caused a police scene in Stockton, and a nearby elementary school to lock down. Officers are near Walnut and School Streets, searching for the man.Leave a comment
Sears Spins Off Lands´ EndDecember 6, 2013 8:31 am
The latest sign of billionaire hedge fund manager Eddie Lampert's fall from grace: Sears' move to spin off its Lands' End clothing business. Once compared by some to investor Warren Buffett for his magic touch, the former Goldman Sachs banker has been unable to turn around the money-losing retailer after engineering the merger of the […]Leave a comment
Jobless Rate Drops to 5-Year LowDecember 6, 2013 8:31 am
Another month of solid job gains and a drop in unemployment is adding to signs the U.S. economy is picking up steam, and that could prompt the Federal Reserve to remove its economic band-aid. Unemployment dropped to a five-year low of seven percent in November as distortions caused by the government shutdown eased.Leave a comment
Record-setting cold sets scene for snowy hillsidesDecember 6, 2013 8:28 am
For a third straight day, a stalled cold air mass sent Bay Area temperatures plunging to record levels early Friday with a new threat of snow in the Bay Area's mountain peaks over the next 24 hours, forecasters said. A freeze warning remained in effect for the Bay Area with preliminary overnight temperatures tumbling, particularly […]Leave a comment
BASE jumper´s helmet camera shows terrifying crashDecember 6, 2013 8:28 am
A petrifying and death-defying moment caught on a BASE jumper's helmet camera near Moab, Utah. While this video isn't graphic, some viewers may find it disturbing. "A BASE jumper lucky to be alive after this leap from a cliff went horribly wrong. He managed to survive! But he did sustain multiple injuries, including a severely sprained back." (Via Fox News) Outside reports more […]Leave a comment
Biopic Stars Ponder Mandela´s LegacyDecember 6, 2013 7:55 am
'Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom' stars Idris Elba, Naomie Harris and director Justin Chadwick discuss the South African leader's effect on their own lives. They were speaking before the death of Nelson Mandela, on Thursday 5th December, age…Leave a comment
49ers-Seahawks rivalry: SF radio station airs ´Pete Carroll Whines´ parodyDecember 6, 2013 7:54 am
SF radio station airs 'Pete Carroll Whines' parodyLeave a comment
´Robo-Frog´ – the Robotic Romeo Who Gets the GirlDecember 6, 2013 7:31 am
A female tungara frog leaps into action, attracted by the sight and sound of a male's mating call…. She finds the combination of his love song and pumping vocal sac extremely seductive . What she doesn't know however, is that this romantic romeo… is a robot. Called Robo-frog, it was programmed by US biologists Ryan […]Leave a comment
South Africans Mourn the Passing of Nelson MandelaDecember 6, 2013 7:30 am
Residents of Soweto, the former home of Nelson Mandela, honored the anti-apartheid hero with bursts of dance and song. "This is a moment for South Africans to celebrate the life of a legend you know." Others released white doves near the house of the late president and hundreds more paid respects with flowers, candles and […]Leave a comment
Interns Fight Back After Unpaid WorkDecember 6, 2013 7:30 am
Samira Hussain reports on how interns are fighting back and successfully suing companies after having to work for free.Leave a comment


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The Aunts Go Marching! by Susan - over 1 year ago
"This is a group of my family and friends wearing their Aunts Go Marching team t-shirts in the Susan G. Komen 5K in Raleigh, NC on June 8th of this year. We get together each year to support my aunt..." view full details
Team Corbin! by Corbin McHenry - over 1 year ago
"It all starts with Corbin. Corbin has Trisomy 13. Most people have no idea what it is, so we're trying to spread the word. Trisomy is a rare genetic disorder where you have an extra 13th chromoso..." view full details
Fighters for a Cure by Kelsey's Crew - over 1 year ago
"2013 Arthritis Walk on the Mall My daughter was diagnosed with JRA at the age of 19 months. We have been walking to support her for over 8 years now. We began using CustomInk 3 years ago and hav..." view full details
Victoria Lemonade Bake Sale Fundraiser by Melissa Ellyson - over 1 year ago
"The shirts were made to sell at a lemonade bake sale that our neighborhood had for a 12 year old girl by the name of Victoria that has brain cancer. All the people that helped out wore the shirts ..." view full details
Welcome home soldier! by Leslee Ollar - over 1 year ago
"I ordered these bright green shirts to wear when my husband came home from Afghanistan. I wanted him to be able to find us in the sea of people waiting to welcome their heroes home and he did. The..." view full details
Supporting TEAM RANA!! by Family Over Everything!! - over 1 year ago
"A couple of months ago... We found out that my cousin has cancer. My sisters and I thought it would be a great idea to get tshirts made to support her! My cousins lives overseas... Thousands of mil..." view full details
Taran's Tumornators by Taran's Tumornators - over 1 year ago
"I am 18 years old and a brain cancer survivor. This is my first year that I started a team! This was held at the relay for life in Richmond, MO on June 7th. We raised $1228 for the American Cancer ..." view full details
Team Curtis by Team Curtis - over 1 year ago
"Everyone in this photo came together for the Walk for Autism at Soldier Field on May 18. The walk is held every year. We are Team Curtis. Curtis is a six year old boy who was diagnosed with autism..." view full details
Run Turkey Run Against Cancer by RRAC - over 1 year ago
"Our company has an annual Race Against Cancer. A colleague of mine is battling cancer and we wanted to show our support of her. She had a funny story about how she told turkeys that were in the r..." view full details
Team Brealyn2 by Proud Moment - over 1 year ago
"The shirts I ordered were to support my daughter's first 5K. She had been training for 8 arduous weeks with a fanastic program called Girls on The Run. Up until the night before the race, we kept t..." view full details


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#GORILLALIFTS 1You're a beast in the box! Monster muscle! Do you weight lift, bro? Do you squat? exercise, Coaching, Bodyweight, kettlebell, barbell, fitness, warrior, gym, weightlifting, muscles?
This great custom product in navy from our department Men and T-Shirt category can be printed just for you in the size and style you like. The design Gorilla Beast Circle was created by Strong By Design and uploaded to Spreadshirt for you to have printed on a T-Shirt. Next to a host of other great customized designs, you can find this Gorilla Beast Circle design in Spreadshirt's Miscellaneous category. If you are interested in topics like Bodyweight or Coach, then you'll love Gorilla Beast Circle designs by Strong By Design. Spreadshirt also offers a huge selection of custom t-shirts, hoodies and accessories for the category Miscellaneous as well as top barbell clothing. Strong By Design's designs have already impressed many of our customers, so we are sure that we've got right stuff for you! Spreadshirt is your destination for great designs of all kinds – whether it's Bodyweight, Coach or barbell. We are sure that you will find something nice in our shop, there are many amazing custom Miscellaneous t-shirts, hoodies, or accessories for you to find! Tags: Design ID: 12644309
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Pain at the Pump as Gas Prices Rise
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Sacramento, - Average retail gasoline prices in Sacramento have risen 9.9 cents per gallon in the past week, averaging $3.87/g yesterday, according to GasBuddy's daily survey of 720 gas outlets in Sacramento. This compares with the national average that has increased 5.7 cents per gallon in the last week to $3.55/g, according to gasoline price website GasBuddy.com.
Including the change in gas prices in Sacramento during the past week, prices yesterday were 13.1 cents per gallon higher than the same day one year ago and are 39.1 cents per gallon higher than a month ago. The national average has increased 28.2 cents per gallon during the last month and stands 7.2 cents per gallon higher than this day one year ago.
"If anything positive came about as a result of Winter Storm 'Nemo' it may be that the resulting 'demand destruction' seems to have flattened out the rate at which prices had been increasing in the Northeast and the Midwest too," said Senior Petroleum Analyst Gregg Laskoski. "On the west coast motorists are less fortunate. With western refineries producing at 75% capacity (less than any other region), California has seen its average price increase by 14 cents per gallon over the past week; doubling the rate of increase over the same period for the rest of the country."
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GasBuddy operates SactoGasPrices.com and over 250 similar websites that track gasoline prices at over 140,000 gasoline stations in the United States and Canada. In addition, GasBuddy offers a free smartphone app which has been downloaded over 25 million times to help motorists find the lowest gasoline prices in their area.
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Placer County News HeadlinesChronic Fatigue Syndrome Often Not BelievedChronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also called Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome, had Carl Miller and his doctors, completely baffled for a long while.
Lexus LX570 SUV: Big, Attractive and SafeWhat most drivers will like about the Lexus LX570 is the combination of gracious around-town capability and its ability to go off-road in rugged winter conditions
Can You Get a Mortgage?Realtor, Julie Jalone, of MagnumOne Realty in Roseville, writes about a the current mortgage underwriting environment, how it is perceived buy potential home buyers and what lenders should do to accelerate the housing recovery here in Sacramento and across the country.
Santa to Visit Roseville Neighborhoods ScheduleRoseville, CA - After talking with Santa, he was able to work some time in his schedule to visit six Roseville neighborhoods this year before the holidays
Holiday Ice Rink in Roseville at GalleriaThe outdoor Bayside Ice Rink at the Westfield Galleria at Roseville is now open for the holiday season.
Rocklin Gets Ready for Santa VisitRocklin, CA -- Once again this year Santa Claus has requested the assistance of the Rocklin firefighters in escorting him through the local non-gated neighborhoods of Rocklin
Old Sacramento Holiday Theatre of LightsKnown as a magical, electrifying and family-friendly holiday tradition in Old Sacramento, the ever-popular and FREE Theatre of Lights performances return on Wednesday
Thanksgiving Fire Safety TipsCooking is, and has long been, the leading cause of home structure fires and home fire injuries, and according to the
Immigration Executive Action: Republicans and DemocratsAnother stark contrast of opposing sides on Obama's Executive Action on Immigration, highlighted by two Republican Congressman Tom McClintock's remarks and the California Democratic Party
PCWA Moves Forward on Watershed RemediationIn the aftermath of the massive King Fire, the Placer County Water Agency is taking emergency steps to prevent and manage the runoff of fire debris and erosion into the
Holiday Flu Could Be Grinch This YearWith Thanksgiving nearing and the holiday season upon us, many people will be hitting the malls for shopping, the airways for travel, and interacting with large groups of people
Placer County Honors Citizens with Commemorative CoinsThe Placer County Board of Supervisors honored Dr. Bryce Jessup of William Jessup University and volunteer extraordinaire Fuzzy Jarnagin of Loomis Tuesday, presenting them with


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Receive Breaking News updates as they occur
NEW YORK (AP) — A sharp drop in crude prices tugged down shares in oil and gas companies on Friday, leading the Standard & Poor's 500 index to a slight loss in a short trading session.
WEST HARTFORD, Conn./CHICAGO (Reuters) - Mall crowds were relatively thin on Black Friday in a sign of what has become the new normal in U.S. holiday shopping: the mad rush is happening the night of Thanksgiving and more consumers are picking up deals online.
FONTANA, Calif. (AP) — Fire has destroyed a sprawling Southern California pallet yard and several tractor trailers.


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[1600px] Mainz on final for runway 07R after flight Lufthansa 601 from IKA at 06:08 hrs.
[1600px] On final for runway 07R after flight Springbok 260 from JNB at 05:56 hrs.
It was totally worth it waking up so early, to see Thai's long bird coming in from Bangkok ... (1200pix)
[1600px] Taking off runway 25C as Springbok 261 to JNB at 21:11 hrs. Well worth the waiting!
1600 PX | This one type of aircraft i've never traveled in and I look forward to. Thanks to Yatrik for the edit.
1600 PX | Picture dedicated to Prathamesh and Yatrik the A340 fans. Thanks to Yatrik for the edit.
What an great surprise to end my great time in Sao Paulo perfect! Etihad Flight 191, With the amazing "Abu Dhabi F1 Grand Prix 2014" special colors, finishing an 15:30 hours nonstop from Abu Dhabi... (more)


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Last Chance for 2-Day Shipping
19 Dec
18 Dec
1) Lamy Safari Fountain Pen
2) Cretacolor Fine Art Red Graphite Pencil Tin (Set of 12)
3) Moleskine 2013 Pocket Red Hard Cover Daily Planner (3.5 x 5.5)
4) Fabriano EcoQua Side Spiralbound Graph Notebook (Set of 2) (5.8 x 8.25)
5) Cavallini 2013 Easel Calendar – Japanese Woodblocks (6 x 6.5)
6) Rhodia Rhodiarama Pocket Webnotebook (3.5 x 5.5)
7) Moleskine Luggage Tags (3.75 x 2.25)
8) Cavallini Papers Datebooks (4 x 6)
9) Mudlark Memento Boxed Note Cards
12 Dec
From left to right:
The Writer's Toolbox
Cavallini 2013 Wall Calendar – Japanese Woodblocks
Moleskine 2013 Large Horizontal Weekly Planner
The Essential Rhodia Box
From left to right:
Fabriano Bouquet Note Pad Set (Set of 7)
Moleskine Folio A3 Watercolor Album
Palomino Artist Color Pencils Wood Box (24 ct.)
Fisher Titanium Bullet Space Pen
From left to right:
Blackwing Luxury Large Notebook & Folio Cover
G. Lalo Borghese Stationery (Set of 50)
Moleskine Reporter Bag
ACME Studio Home & Studio Rollerball Pen (Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright)
~~~ plus,
9 Dec
Architect: Rhodia Top Staplebound No. 16 Notepad
Busy Bee: Leuchtturm 2013 Large Hard Cover Weekly Planner
Quirky Designer: Moleskine Star Wars Large Ruled Notebook
Pen Pal: Jan Petr Obr Red Bicycle Boxed Flat Note Cards
Bird Watcher: Field Notes Pocket Ruled Notebook (Set of 3)
Novelist: Lamy Safari Fountain Pen
Jet-setter: Moleskine Utility Bag
Outdoor Joe: Rite in the Rain Pocket Soft Cover Universal Notebook (Set of 3)
Book Worm: Moleskine Passions Book Journal
Letter Lover: G. Lalo Verge De France Medium Tablet and Envelope Set
Paper Geek: Apica Premium A5 CD Notebook
For Everyone: Cavallini 2013 Wall Calendar – Japanese Woodblocks
~~~ plus …
5 Dec
Packaged in a sophisticated Palomino-embossed gift box, the Blackwing Luxury Large Notebook & Folio Cover (7.5 x 10) is the perfect gift for writers, artists, and designers alike.
The Blackwing logo is subtly embossed across the luxurious front cover of the included ruled notebook with the same prestige and class found in Blackwing Pencils. With 160 acid-free, 100 gsm pages, use it for sketches and drawings, endless writing, and art journaling. The Folio Cover features pockets for storing business cards and other loose papers and a pencil holder that is specially designed to hold a Palomino Blackwing (soft graphite) or Palomino Blackwing 602 (firm graphite) pencils.
All in all, the Blackwing Luxury Large Notebook and Folio Cover brings inspiration and confidence to artists, writers and musicians alike.
PLUS, take 10% off all Blackwing pencils with coupon code WING10 at checkout!
26 Nov


text:
for sale AF VR Nikkor 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED. pictures upon request. Lens was purchased 5/03/2009. Asking $400 shipping is on me.Box and paper work lens accessaries included. paypal only.open to reasonable offers.
Please direct all replies to this duplicate thread.Thank you.
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text:
DMV to Internet-less New Yorkers: Get in Line
By Jared Chausow
By Katie Toth
By Elizabeth Flock
City Hid Facts From Feds About Rikers
By Albert Samaha
Flood Wall Street Gets Pepper Sprayed and Arrested
By Anna Merlan
By Jon Campbell
Report Sheds Light on Anti-Muslim Bias
By Jon Campbell
Rikers Island Lawsuits Over Diabetic Care
By Albert Samaha
When it comes to baby clothes, you'd think that teeny sizes would mean affordable prices. Unfortunately, most clothes for infants are victim to the same markups as the novelty doggie raincoat. This would be fine, as long as you could be guaranteed that your baby niece would stay extra-extra-extra-small forever.
Here's our suggestion for the next shower or six-month-old's birthday party you attend: handmade wool booties from Pachyderm, available at Exit 9. They're colorful and critter-like, practical for the cold, and only 20 bucks. Now the little runts can grow as much they like.


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Category archives: Jobs & Internships
Fusion Events Seeks Holiday Brand Ambassadors in Phoenix
Event staffing company Fusion is looking for Phoenix, Arizona Brand Ambassadors that are committed and reliable. Ambassadors are needed for events that will run over the Christmas Holiday – Dec 12/14 -Jan 4/2015 with various shifts per day that range from 6 -9 hours. Slight changes are sometimes inevitable, so staff that can be flexible are preferred. In this position, candidates… More
Shoe Brand Teva Seeks PR Manager in Southern California
Footwear brand with an adventurous spirt, Teva is looking for a motivated self starter PR manager to collaborate with their Global Brand Marketing team to ensure alignment of PR strategies with brand marketing objectives in Goleta, California. Ideal candidate will have 6-8 years related PR and/or marketing experience as well as experience effectively driving strategic PR initiatives and results across… More
Jennifer Bett Communications Seeks Fashion PR Intern in NYC
Jennifer Bett Communications offers forward-thinking brands a new, creative, and multi-dimensional approach to overall consumer awareness. Meyer has succeeded by uniquely employing a comprehensive package of global PR planning, guerrilla marketing concepts, social media strategies, brand partnerships, and other state-of-the-art strategies to achieve client objectives. The firm is seeking a fashion PR intern to assist two fashion publicists with day… More


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Next-Door Leopards: First GPS-Collar Study Reveals How Leopards Live With PeopleNov. 21, 2014 In the first-ever GPS-based study of leopards in India, biologists have delved into the secret lives of these big cats, and recorded their strategies to thrive in human-dominated ... full story
Helping Trains Take the StrainNov. 21, 2014 The introduction of smartcard ticketing for Singapore's public transport system has enabled researchers to provide valuable predictive data on potential train overloading. This will enable system ... full story
A Green Transformation for PharmaceuticalsNov. 21, 2014 A more sustainable approach to a bond-forming reaction extensively used in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries has now been developed. The team used the solvent-free, catalytic reaction ... full story
Fluorescent Nanoprobe Could Become a Universal, Noninvasive Method to Identify and Monitor TumorsNov. 21, 2014 Researchers have developed a hybrid metal-polymer nanoparticle that lights up in the acidic environment surrounding tumor cells. Nonspecific probes that can identify any kind of tumor are extremely ... full story
Marker Polyps Do Not Cause Cancer, Experts SayNov. 21, 2014 Although serrated polyps usually are associated with colorectal cancer, it turns out that such polyps are themselves not dangerous, according to a ... full story
Streamlining Thin Film Processing for Electrodes, Display ScreensNov. 21, 2014 Energy storage devices and computer screens may seem worlds apart, but they're not. When an electrical engineering professor teamed up with and computer scientists to make a less expensive ... full story
Nail Stem Cells Prove More Versatile Than Press OnsNov. 21, 2014 There are plenty of body parts that don't grow back when you lose them. Nails are an exception, and a new study reveals some of the reasons why. A team of researchers has identified a new ... full story
Natural Resistance Gene Against Spruce Budworm FoundNov. 21, 2014 A natural resistance gene against spruce budworm in the white spruce has been discovered. The breakthrough paves the way to identifying and selecting naturally resistant trees to replant forests ... full story
Polyethylene Mulch, Glazing Create Optimal Conditions for Soil SolarizationNov. 21, 2014 Researchers raised soil temperatures in high tunnels in southern Arizona to determine the efficacy of soil solarization using clear mulch on the soil surface and with tunnel glazing or with no ... full story
Vermicompost Leachate Improves Tomato Seedling GrowthNov. 21, 2014 A study assessed growth performance of tomato seedlings treated with vermicompost-leachate (VCL), an organic liquid produced from earthworm-digested material. Seedlings were subjected to various ... full story
Trouble With Your Boss? Own ItNov. 21, 2014 Don't get along with your boss? Your job performance may actually improve if the two of you can come to grips with the poor relationship. "Seeing eye-to-eye about the employee-supervisor ... full story
Update on New Treatments for Liver DiseasesNov. 21, 2014 Cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are two serious liver conditions with limited pharmacological treatments. The December issues of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology and ... full story
Type 2 Diabetes: Added Benefit of Canagliflozin Plus Metformin Is Not ProvenNov. 21, 2014 As in the first dossier assessment of canagliflozin, the drug manufacturer provided no suitable data for the fixed combination with metformin either. Therefore, no added benefit of canagliflozin plus ... full story
When Shareholders Exacerbate Their Own Banks' CrisisNov. 21, 2014 Banks are increasingly issuing 'CoCo' bonds to boost the levels of equity they hold. In a crisis situation, bondholders are forced to convert these bonds into a bank's equity. To date, ... full story
Robots Take Over Inspection of Ballast Tanks on ShipsNov. 21, 2014 A new robot for inspecting ballast water tanks on board ships is being developed. The robot is able to move independently along rails built into the tanks. At the moment, people still carry out such ... full story
Impact of Power Prosthetic Failures on Amputees StudiedNov. 21, 2014 Powered lower limb prosthetics hold promise for improving the mobility of amputees, but errors in the technology may also cause some users to stumble or fall. New research examines what happens when ... full story
New Model of Follow Up for Breast Cancer PatientsNov. 21, 2014 Public health researchers from Australia have evaluated international breast cancer guidelines, finding that there is potential to improve surveillance of breast cancer survivors from both a patient ... full story
Life's Extremists May Be an Untapped Source of Antibacterial DrugsNov. 21, 2014 Life's extremists, a family of microbes called Archaea, may be an untapped source of new antibacterial drugs. That conclusion arises from the discovery of the first antibacterial gene in this ... full story
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studied for Stroke RehabNov. 21, 2014 Researchers are trying to help patients who have suffered a stroke to improve arm movement by stimulating the brain using a device called a Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator (TMS). The idea is that ... full story
Cohesin: Cherry-Shaped Molecule Safeguards Cell-DivisionNov. 21, 2014 A cohesin molecule ensures the proper distribution of DNA during cell division. Scientists can now demonstrate the concept of its carabiner-like function by visualizing for the first time the open ... full story
- Next-door leopards: First GPS-collar study reveals how leopards live with people
- Helping trains take the strain
- A green transformation for pharmaceuticals
- Fluorescent nanoprobe could become a universal, noninvasive method to identify and monitor tumors
- Marker polyps do not cause cancer, experts say
- Streamlining thin film processing for electrodes, display screens
- Nail stem cells prove more versatile than press ons
- Natural resistance gene against spruce budworm found
- Polyethylene mulch, glazing create optimal conditions for soil solarization
- Vermicompost leachate improves tomato seedling growth
- Trouble with your boss? Own it
- Update on new treatments for liver diseases
- Type 2 diabetes: Added benefit of canagliflozin plus metformin is not proven
- When shareholders exacerbate their own banks' crisis
- Robots take over inspection of ballast tanks on ships
- Impact of power prosthetic failures on amputees studied
- New model of follow up for breast cancer patients
- Life's extremists may be an untapped source of antibacterial drugs
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation studied for stroke rehab
- Cohesin: Cherry-shaped molecule safeguards cell-division
- Possibilities for personalized vaccines
- Brain injuries in mice treated using bone marrow stem cells, antioxidants
- Erosion may trigger earthquakes
- Novel robotic walker helps patients regain natural gait and increases productivity of physiotherapists
- Mental disorders due to permanent stress?
- A coating that protects against heat and oxidation
- Teasing out glitches in immune system's self-recognition
- Novel regulatory mechanism for cell division found
- Key protein decrypted: Scientists develop 3D model of regulator protein bax
- Worldwide action needed to address hidden crisis of violence against women and girls
- Tapeworm found living inside a patient's brain: Worm removed and sequenced
- How mutant gene can cause deafness
- First inhibitor for enzyme linked to cancers created
- Time-lapse photos and synched weather data unlock Antarctic secrets
- New survey of employers about health insurance market
- Global report card: Are children better off than they were 25 years ago?
- When vaccines are imperfect: What math can tell us about their effects on disease propagation
- Pain, magnet displacement in MRI in patients with cochlear implants
- Nuclear reactor fuel behavior during a severe event
- Employees of small, locally owned businesses have more company loyalty, study finds
- Deep-Earth carbon offers clues on origin of life: New organic carbon species linked to formation of diamonds -- and life itself
- Cost of meeting basic needs rising faster than wages in Washington state
- Longer work hours for moms mean less sleep, higher BMIs for preschoolers
- Improved nanomaterials: Understanding surface structure of quantum dots will aid design of new solar devices
- Evolutionary principles used to model cancer mutations, discover potential therapeutic targets
- New device reduces scarring in damaged blood vessels
- Firms pressure sales people to invest in costly internal negotiations
- How to estimate the magnetic field of an exoplanet
- 11-country survey of older adults: Americans sicker but have quicker access to specialists
- HIV/AIDS drugs could be repurposed to treat AMD, researchers suggest
- Tropical rickettsial illnesses associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes
- Geologists discover ancient buried canyon in South Tibet
- Why some people may be immune to HIV-1: Clues
- Dizzying heights: Prehistoric farming on the 'roof of the world'
- China's new 'Great Wall' not so great, experts say
- Genetic connivances of digits and genitals: Formation of these embryonic structures involves action of very similar group of genes
- Breakthrough in managing yellow fever disease
- Epidemic spreading and neurodegenerative progression
- An Ebola virus protein can cause massive inflammation and leaky blood vessels
- Staying ahead of the game: Pre-empting flu evolution may make for better vaccines
- Human trial of experimental Ebola vaccine
- Imagination, reality flow in opposite directions in the brain
- New liver gives mother of three a life without pain
- Jogging keeps you young: Seniors who run regularly can walk as efficiently as 20-somethings
- Biomarker could provide early warning of kidney disease in cats
- It's filamentary: How galaxies evolve in the cosmic web
- Salinity counts when it comes to sea level
- Quantum mechanical calculations reveal the hidden states of enzyme active sites
- Exercise regimens offer little benefit for one in five people with type 2 diabetes
- Don't get hacked! Research shows how much we ignore online warnings
- Darwin 2.0: New theory on speciation, diversity
- Research finds tooth enamel fast-track in humans
- Pluripotent cells created by nuclear transfer can prompt immune reaction, researchers find
- Derivative of vitamin B3 prevents liver cancer in mice
- Cellular origin of fibrosis found
- Signaling molecule crucial to stem cell reprogramming
- Brain training using sounds can help aging brain ignore distractions
- Reprogramming 'support cells' into neurons could repair injured adult brains
- Nitrogen sensor widespread in the plant kingdom
- Dominant people can be surprisingly social
- Education empowers Canadians, but raises risks of overwork, work-family stress
- Unwinding the mysteries of the cellular clock
- Powerful method to speed cancer drug discovery unveiled
- Gene therapy provides safe, long-term relief for patients with severe hemophilia B
- Unstable child care can affect children by age 4
- The American athletics track is still a man's world
- New technique allows ultrasound to penetrate bone, metal
- Scientists discover novel metamaterial properties within hexagonal boron nitride
- Versatile bonding for lightweight components
- Riddle of the missing stars: Hubble observations cast further doubt on how globular clusters formed
- Mediterranean meteorological tide has increased by over a millimeter a year since 1989
- Scientists study effects of sunlight to reduce number of nearsighted kids
- Contact lens discomfort linked to changes in lipid layer of tear film
- Opinion poll: Canada's climate change consensus confronts Keystone
- A path to brighter images and more efficient LCD displays
- Permafrost soil: Possible source of abrupt rise in greenhouse gases at end of last ice age
- Identifying onset of local influenza outbreaks: New Tool
- Three drugs may be better than one for certain patients with advanced colorectal cancer
- Weight, eating habits in Parkinson's disease
- Hand dryers can spread bacteria in public toilets, research finds
Friday, November 21, 2014
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THURSDAY, Jan. 19 (HealthDay News) -- Having blood pressure (BP) within the upper limits of normal can predict future atrial fibrillation (AF) in otherwise healthy, middle-aged men, according to a study published online Jan. 17 in Hypertension.
Irene Grundvold, M.D., from the Oslo University Hospital in Norway, and colleagues utilized data from 35 years of follow-up in a prospective cardiovascular study to investigate the long-term impact of upper normal BP on incident AF. From 1972 to 1975, 2,014 healthy Norwegian men (aged 40 to 59 years) were recruited and underwent a clinical examination, including standardized BP measurements.
The researchers found that, based on hospital discharge data, 270 men were documented with AF during the follow-up period. Men with baseline systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg had a 1.60-fold increased risk of incident AF, and those with upper normal BP in the range of 128 to 138 mm Hg had a 1.50-fold increased risk of AF, compared with men with BP <128 mm Hg. Compared with a baseline diastolic BP <80 mm Hg, baseline diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg increased the risk of incident AF 1.79-fold. The associations remained significant even after adjusting for diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular diseases before an AF event. Analyses carried out an average of seven years after baseline, and including healthy mean, showed that sustained upper normal systolic BP was still a significant predictor of AF risk.
"Upper normal blood pressures are long-term predictors of incident AF in initially healthy middle-aged men," write the authors.
One of the study authors disclosed financial ties to AstraZeneca.
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Cardinals can't figure out Cubs
CHICAGO — Todd Walker and Michael Barrett hit back-to-back home runs, the fourth time Chicago did it this week, and the Cubs beat the St. Louis Cardinals for the seventh time in 10 games this season with a 5-4 victory Thursday night.
Cyclists gather for Critical Mass ride
Fourteen years ago, bicyclists in San Francisco formed a riding group to make a statement about traffic laws and riding conditions on their city's roads.
Rough start to Rams' camp
ST. LOUIS — Scott Linehan's first day in charge of a training camp left the new St. Louis Rams coach glad there's plenty of time to work out the bugs.
Ball in Daniel's hands
KANSAS CITY — A year ago, the big decision facing Gary Pinkel was whether or not to redshirt quarterback Chase Daniel.
Overstreet sees father's legacy on Web search
KANSAS CITY — For a college athlete, modern technology can be a headache. But for one Missouri football player, it's a way to reconnect with his late father.
Cards' batters come through
DENVER — Aaron Miles tried to downplay his first home run of the season.
Loewen's pitching keeps Royals in check
KANSAS CITY — Adam Loewen earned his first major league victory and Jeff Conine hit a home run in his first four-hit game of the season as the Baltimore Orioles beat the Kansas City Royals 4-3 on Wednesday night.
Early starts Big 12 trend
KANSAS CITY — With few exceptions, the dues-paying period for the current crop of Big 12 quarterbacks has been a short one.
Texas tries to replace QB Young
Missouri isn't the only Big 12 Conference team replacing arguably its best quarterback in school history. Texas will have to try to do the same this year.
Royals win, trade for Perez
LOS ANGELES — The Los Angeles Dodgers dealt pitcher Odalis Perez to the Kansas City Royals on Tuesday, nearly two weeks after saying they had no plans to trade the disgruntled left-hander.
Teahen's five RBI too much for Orioles
KANSAS CITY — Mark Teahen hit two homers and drove in a career-high five runs to lead the Kansas City Royals over the Baltimore Orioles 7-5 Tuesday night.
Carpenter, Pujols edge past Colorado
DENVER — Albert Pujols hit his 33rd homer, Chris Carpenter scattered seven hits over 7 1-3 innings and the St. Louis Cardinals beat Colorado 1-0 Tuesday night to hand Jason Jennings the first complete-game loss for a Rockies pitcher at home in franchise history.
Top Bruins baseball job goes to Towe
Justin Towe came to MU in 1992, married a woman from Columbia and has been here ever since.
DENVER — Jeff Francis threw a two-hitter for his first shutout, and the Colorado Rockies slowed down the St. Louis Cardinals with a 7-0 victory Monday night.
Extra Points
Former Missouri basketball player Thomas Gardner's workout in early July with the San Antonio Spurs paid off. Monday he was invited to mini-camp tryouts for the Spurs and the Phoenix Suns.
Archers keep eyes on course
MOBERLY – The sport of 3-D archery resembles the game of golf. Your bow is your only club, and your arrow is your ball. In the woods of NOMO Bowhunter's Club in Moberly, four men start the course around 8 a.m. on Sunday. They shoot at 40 foam animal targets throughout the day, and Bob Brown is the designated scorekeeper.
Marathon weekend for dad in golf family
John Meredith's experience at the Missouri Show-Me State games golf tournament was a little sweeter than the average player's. After receiving a silver medal in the men's age 40-49 tournament on Saturday, he got to play in the parent and child division on Sunday. Three times.
Sunsetters volleyball team shows summer improvement
Girls in tall white socks, tiny black shorts and white shirts huddle in the middle of the court. "AHHHHH A-C-E ACE!" The chant celebrating Michelle Hoeber's stinging serve that dropped to the ground on the opponents' side without being touched echos through the gym Sunday at Columbia College's Southwell Complex. The Sunsetters are just a few points away from winning all three games of the match against the Net Surfers in the Show-Me State Games' under-16 girls' volleyball competition.
Show-Me State Games begin
When Chelsea Whaley is preparing for a judo match, she's only thinking, "Throw 'em and kill 'em."
Extra points
Kevin Harvick held off Richard Childress Racing teammate Clint Bowyer by .271 seconds Saturday to win the Goody's 250 NASCAR Busch race at Martinsville Speedway in the first series race at the track since 1994.


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Learn how to take great landscape photos
Neilston based snapper for pavilion talk
If you are worried or anxious come to info stall at Barrhead Health and Care Centre to find out more about breast screening.
A new baby café is opening on 27 November in Barrhead
Neilston based snapper for pavilion talk
Volunteers from East Ren walking groups were invited to a prestigious celebration of walking at the Scottish Parliament
Scotland star receives a hero's welcome at former school
Cycle Amnesty as part of European Week for Waste Reduction.
Scotland's drink drive limit is being lowered and will come into effect on Friday 5th December. Find out more now.
Read the proposed savings and find out how to have your say
Festive fun for all the family in Clarkston
Clarkston and Busby parking
Council housing service factoring
Eileen hangs up her apron after serving up over a million school dinners
Fitness machines will be sent to tiny Tuvulu
Message of congratulations from the Queen
A host of initiatives are in place to promote road safety
Lennart takes on players from all over Europe.
East Ren pupils win film roles
School kids spruce up their community
Something for all ages at Book Week events
Find out how the council has performed in the past year.
Passport scheme sports awards
A breastfeeding workshop is taking place from 2-4pm on Fri 28 Nov at Barrhead Health and Care Centre
Uplawmoor Community Council election
Remembrance Day memorial services
Winter 2014 ER Magazine is now available to view online with the budget special inside.
Would you like to sign up for our arts programme which starts on Tuesday 18 November?
Planners work on Maidenhill/Malletsheugh plan commended.
Do you have any information about the men and women who served in WW1 and WW2?
Sponsorship Opportunities for Barrhead Foundry in 2014
Charity rally comes to the Mearns
Single-use carrier bag legislation
Have your say
Consultation starts on Catholic Jewish shared primary school, a first for Britain. Please give us your views.
Around 160 youngsters and older people learn from each other at intergenerational quiz


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Today was "BAKE ALL THE COOKIES!" day. I made ricotta cookies, and chocolate marshmallow crinkle cookies (from a Williams-Sonoma mix I bought for my husband a few months ago). The house smells AMAZING. There are five or six dozen cookies cooling on my kitchen table, some to be taken to work, and some to be left at home because I would rather not make Mr. qSS cry twice this week.
So, do you all have your cookie pants ready? Are they special? Mine are lilac flannel with sheep on them. Let's talk cookies in the comments.
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