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Secondhand smoke can seep through walls of shared housing like apartments and condos and still cause damage to people's lungs. Some 30 million people suffer from secondhand smoke, and officials say it is because of their proximity to smoking neighbors. Now, some landlords are turning to a new movement to prevent the spread of secondhand smoke.
"I never smoked in my life. I never even touched a cigarette," says Beatrice.
But Beatrice has COPD and nodules on her lungs from inhaling someone else's cigarette smoke. Like her, anyone living in an apartment building near a neighbor who smokes is also at risk.
According to Dr. Andrew Hyland, a research scientist at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, "You're looking at an estimate of anywhere between 40 and 60,000 deaths per year attributable to second-hand smoke."
The number of secondhand smoke-related deaths is more than all fatal car crashes each year.
And as Dr. Hyland says, "It's not a good thing... It's not a good thing."
Twenty-eight states have already banned smoking in public places but smoking gin apartments is legal. Now property owners like Pam Berger are adopting smoke-free policies.
"Why, just because you have limited choices and limited income, should you be almost forced to live in an unhealthy environment?" says Berger, the VP for Property Operations of Belmont Housing Resources for Western New York.
Berger and other landlords recognize that smoke can easily travel through vents and cracks underneath doorways.
Berger says, "We just wanted to provide everybody with a healthier environment."
Jenna Brinkworth educates landlords on how to make the switch to smoke-free rules, she works at the Erie-Niagra Tobacco-Free Coalition at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, New York.
According to Brinkworth, "This is a growing trend across the country. Many landlords are becoming more aware that it's something they can legally do."
Smoke-free policies have increased 1,300-percent over the last six years and tenants are thankful for the changes.
Madeline suffers from asthma thanks to secondhand smoke exposure, and like Beatrice, she now lives in a smoke-free complex for her health.
"I don't want to get any worse. I wanna see my grandkids ... I wanna see my grandkids get married," she says.
Smokers are not a protected class of tenants, which means landlords can legally change their smoking policy at any time. The benefits seem to go beyond the health of their tenants.
Since Pam Berger's building went smoke free, her complex has seen fewer vacant apartments overall.
SECONDHAND SMOKE: Secondhand smoke can come from either sidestream smoke or mainstream smoke. Sidestream smoke comes from the lighted end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe and is worse for people's health because the concentration of carcinogens is higher than in mainstream smoke and the small particles allow the smoke to enter the body easily. Mainstream smoke is what is exhaled by someone who is smoking. Both forms of secondhand smoke can be detrimental to non-smokers health because nicotine and toxic chemicals are being inhaled. Over 250 of the 7,000 chemical compounds in tobacco smoke are known to be harmful and 69 of those chemicals are known to cause cancer. Non-smokers can be exposed to secondhand smoke in public places such as the street or a bar, at work, or at home. Unfortunately children are more often exposed to secondhand smoke than adults, probably due to parents or guardians who smoke at home or in the car with their kids.
CONSEQUENCES: Secondhand smoke has been linked to several health problems and is known to exacerbate other conditions as well. Here are some consequences of secondhand smoke exposure:
- Lung cancer
- Increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome, ear infections and more severe and frequent asthma attacks in babies and children.
- Immediate harmful effects to the heart, blood vessels, and blood circulation which can eventually lead to strokes, heart disease, and heart attacks. (Source: www.cancer.org)
SMOKE-FREE POLICIES: Smoke-free policies aimed at creating smoke-free environments at restaurants, work sites, and bars have become increasingly popular in the past two decades. The motivations behind state smoke-free laws were better air quality indoors, to protect non-smokers from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke, to help smokers quit, and to change social norms about smoking. Although only 26 states currently have comprehensive smoke-free laws in affect, other states such as many of the southern states have communities which do have local smoke-free laws. There continues to be a push to make all 50 states in the United States enact smoke-free laws in the future. (www.cdc.gov)


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Polyclinic South
Polyclinic South is located in the centre of Marrakech, the facility offers many services, including plastic surgery, facelifts and hair transplants.
Clinique Ibn Tofail
Clinic Ibn Tofail is located in the heart of the Gueliz district, minutes from Jemaa El Fna.
Clinique Menara
Menara Clinic is the largest private cancer centre in Morocco, dedicated to detection, diagnosis and treatment of tumors. The establishment has an agreement with the NSSF and CNOPS for the management and care of patients. The clinic has five floors, an intensive...
Clinique du Soleil
Clinique du Soleil is the first medical establishment specializing in cosmetics surgery in Marrakech. The clinic is owned by Associate Professor Val de Grace, Hassan El Gbouri. The surgery offers cosmetics procedures such as breast implants, hair transplantation, lip augmentation, liposuction and...

subset: commoncrawl


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Blessing of Saint Clare
May Almighty God bless you. May He look upon you with the eyes of His mercy and give you His peace. May He pour forth His graces on you abundantly; and in heaven may He place you among His saints!
In The News...
Construction Milestones
Sept 1, 2010
Nov 1, 2011
Building StartedOn November 1, 2011, the building construction was started.
Jan 10, 2012
North Wing CompleteThe North Wing is now complete. Things are progressing nicely!
Dec 11, 2012
South Wing CompleteWe have completed the South Wing. Everything looks great!
Recent From Blog
Listen to Sister Theresina talk about this year's upcoming GALA! Here is her interview with KVSS. Don't forget- the GALA ...Read More »
You are invited to our 2014 GALA on Thursday, July 31st to raise funds to go towards getting the Monastery ...Read More »


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Sure, selling almost 180 million records worldwide is pretty special. As is winning 17 Grammy Awards. But last week, Beyoncé's legacy was bestowed with arguably the highest of all honors: She got her own category on Jeopardy. Personally, our favorite part was Alex Trebek's delivery of the phrase "J ... More >>
Don't let his hipster's raiment of tight shirts, skinny jeans and New Wave ties fool you. Perhaps, a crown and cape might be more appropriate. But not in The Village, where Richard Barone makes his home. Still, he's worthy of such regal trappings. Because, even as he's speed-rapping, he's getting an ... More >>
Was 1994 the best year for pop music in history? Quite possibly. Sure, some of it was terrible, but overall it was amazing: Nordic black metal, Britpop, pop punk, trip hop, and the best R&B of the '90s. (Boyz II Men were peaking). Hip-hop's Golden Age was winding down, but a new, arguably more co ... More >>
The Beatles are back in New York City! Fifty years ago tomorrow (February 7), four lads from Liverpool, with shaggy brown hair and megawatt charm, arrived at John F. Kennedy Airport, where a swarm of crazed girls greeted them in mass hysteria. "Ladies and Gentlemen ... The Beatles!," which opens tod ... More >>
Better Than: Mope rock. A little while after King Krule's sold-out headlining show at Webster Hall last night, someone tweeted that the 19-year-old British producer and singer-songwriter, born Archy Marshall, "put on the best concert of 1959." Marshall–who started making music as Zoo Kid befo ... More >>
We know Sunday is a day for lounging around in your borough of choice and taking things easy, but this week, you should probably consider exiting city limits and heading over to Huntington to catch Weezer at the Paramount. After the band's 21-year career, it's easy to take the L.A. quartet for grant ... More >>
Sunday night, Red Bank, New Jersey, will host Canadian hit-maker Paul Anka for a show of his greatest hits. An interesting figure in the music industry, along with his personal array of hits, he composed Johnny Carson's original Tonight Show theme, wrote "My Way" for Frank Sinatra and had the fores ... More >>
Labyrinth mounts Cusi Cram's new play
M. Ward w/Yo La Tengo, Wyatt Cenac Celebrate Brooklyn! at Prospect Park Bandshell Tuesday, August 7 Better than: Having your appendix removed (get well soon, absent Yo La Tengo bassist James McNew). There was a quiet in the air as I approached the Prospect Park Bandshell, home of the Celebrate B ... More >>
It's been a busy year for Bruce Springsteen. In March, he released Wrecking Ball, his seventeenth studio album and tenth release to top the Billboard 200, and after packing in arenas across America throughout the spring, he took the E Street Band to Europe. His name is also in a top-40 entry on the ... More >>
The forgotten major-label power pop albumthose records that, even after all these years, remain perfect amalgams of beaming Rickenbacker guitar hooks, la-la-ing and handclapping, and nervous Buddy Holly charmis ideal summertime listening, thanks to the way they, at their best, blend lo ... More >>
That Dog. are proof that the '90s were a very different time, one when an alt-pop band with three women, one guy, extraordinarily catchy songs ("Never Say Never" and "Long Island" were every bit the equal of "Buddy Holly" and "Say It Ain't So"), and a cool gimmick (full-time violinist Petra Haden) c ... More >>
Photos by Emmanuel Garcia; more below.Patti Smith Metropolitan Museum of Art Friday, December 2 Better than: Whatever Met gala I'll never be invited to. About three-quarters of the way through an impossibly good, set-closing rendition of "Gloria," Patti Smith tried something newand fa ... More >>
Glenn Mercer, singer/guitarist/co-founder of New Jersey's modestly legendary Feelies, is a warm, soft-spoken guy who hasn't altered much of anything about his music in, oh, twenty years. Sound of the City recently chatted with him about his band's new and old material--Here Before, the Feeli ... More >>
Patti Smith, leading the charge as always. Pic by Tracy Ketcher.21st-Annual Tibet House U.S. Benefit Concert Starring The Flaming Lips, the Roots, Taj Mahal, Michael Stipe, etc. Carnegie Hall Thursday, March 3 Better Than: "Auld Lang Syne" "Beauty is power -- violence is weak," we are told ... More >>
There's only one album on earth like Weezer's Pinkerton, and thank God for that
It's definitely weirder, and definitely better.
Clip Job: an excerpt every day from the Voice archives. July 14, 1966, Vol. XI, No. 39 The Apocryphal Teeny Bopper By Howard Smith and Jack Newfield A 13-year-old blonde-on-blonde named Cher Zimmerman, dressed in flowered bell-bottomed pants and a fur vest over her knish-size breasts, com ... More >>
F2K is a countdown of the 50 worst songs of the decade. Track our progress here. It's a shame the legacy of impossibly gifted MC Notorious B.I.G. is limited to two classic albums and one decent-enough comp--but, hey, better than the Pollard-style recording jags that Tupac has mysteriously maint ... More >>
Bug costumes: Scary. New album: Way, way scarier.
Clip Job: an excerpt every day from the Voice archivesMarch 25, 1965, Vol. X, No. 23Dylan Meets the PressBy J.R. GoddardFour years ago a thin, aquiline-faced boy of 19 got off the subway from Hibbing, Minnesota, to come up for air in the Village, bearing with him no more than a battered guita ... More >>
Every week, Sharon Steel watches the Real World Brooklyn so nobody else has to. Last week, Chet acted like a boob instead of touching one. This week, everybody's favorite MTV Morminator interviews Pete Wentz. Pete Wentz and Orville Redenbacher A disturbing, self-motivational movement has swept ... More >>
Weezer Wednesday September 24 Madison Square Garden Photos by David Atlas There's a 1988 evaluation sheet from Rivers Cuomo's pre-Weezer metal band on Weezed.com. Not sure who wrote it, because there are three kinds of handwriting on tips like "gotta have a core following," and "need something s ... More >>
Hey, bring back the goofy drummer
Musical drugs and shared secret codes abort the utopic mission
Absence of presence: Arty Last Days misses out on Cobain's populist passion
Suave Danes muster up the heat they've lost on their CDs
Country-blues revivalists wail against wars for Phish-heads
From sipping iced tea and playing Al Green to imagining you're watching Ricky beat Lucy
Patchily focused and unfinishable work from a slow-laboring ghost among the living
The '80s Revival Jesus and Mary and All Their Swaggering Fans Have Been Waiting For
Sensitive Young Boys Learn How to Scream and Slam
Electing the Pop Star in Chief
Country Cuts the Crap


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Natto doesn't have the most popular smell in the world!! but I wonder how many people know of the health benefits that natto is purported to have? Perhaps, the smell of natto can be forgotten if you think about the following 10 suggestions promoting natto as a health food ……?
Natto is one of my favourite foods!
1. Did you know that natto's distinctive smell comes from the compound pyrazine which reduces the likelihood of blood clotting?
2. And a 2009 study in Taiwan suggested that natto could provide treatment for amyloid-type diseases such as Alzheimer's!
3. Another really interesting point about nattō is that it contains large amounts of vitamin K. Great for helping to prevent osteoporosis.
4. Natto also helps suppresses excessive immune reactions, due to the large quantity of polyamine.
5. Nattō contains many chemicals alleged to prevent cancer, for example natto has daidzein, genistein, isoflavone, phytoestrogen, and the chemical element selenium.
5. It is suggested that nattō may have a cholesterol-lowering effect.
6. Nattō is also said to have an antibiotic effect
In 2007 there was a 'run' on natto when these health benefits were 'leaked' on Japanese television !!!
7. Nattō is claimed to prevent obesity
8. It is claimed that natto helps improve digestion – although the felt variety probably won't do the job!!
9. Natto reduces the effects of aging – good to hear!!!
10. It helps in hair loss in men due to its phytoestrogen content – spread the word?
Nattō is also sometimes used as an ingredient of pet food, and it is claimed that this improves the health of the pets. Interesting stuff!
Thanks to Wiki some insights into natto! Do you like natto?


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An Official Newspaper of the
Internet Community
All of Long Island was suffering in last week's record heat, and many lost electricity, as a surge in air-conditioning use pushed the power supply to its limit. The crisis was certainly felt in Farmingdale, where one neighborhood was without power for a total of 37 hours.
Scores of local residents are grabbing their lawn chairs and heading over to the Farmingdale Village Green, as the annual Village Pops Concert puts a musical spell over the community this summer.
The Farmingdale Boys Junior Red Sox Baseball Team ended a 7-0 playoff run with a two game sweep of the defending champion Giants at Merrit Field on June 30 and July 1. Throughout these two games the Red Sox exhibited the positive teamwork that was nurtured all season long. Each player contributed in his own way, adding to the creation of a "Little Red Machine," which after an undistinguished 4-4 start, ended up 9-5-1 in the regular season before streaking to the Farmingdale Boys Junior World Series title.
St. Kilian's 15-year-old Farmingdale Athletics will be playing in the PONY Baseball Tournament this upcoming Thursday, Friday and Saturday.


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By: Andrea Domanick Remember an April Fool's post earlier this month, about drones at Coachella? Well, it turns out it was prophetic. Those hovering propeller-powered crafts have indeed arrived at Coachella. They could be spotted this year floating surreptitiously above the crowds, during performan ... More >>
Modest Mouse US Open of Surfing 7/26/13 This year's US Open of Surfing's musical event day number two was as crazy and chaotic as always, prompting the drunkest, sun burnt, and heat exhausted audience members to turn it into the US Open of Crowd Surfing. Indie musicians Modest Mouse headlined this ... More >>
The Steelwells. Remember them? They're that Fullerton-bred indie-rock outfit that toured with Foster the People and Grouplove, then went into the studio to record an EP . . . two years ago. Well, they want you to know they're alive and well, and they're sorry they never called or sent post cards. Th ... More >>
Youngblood Hawke The Observatory 5/21/13 It's been a turbulent 10 years for Sam Martin and Simon Katz. Together, the two saw their former project, Iglu & Hartly, rise to moderate success and then crumble before their eyes. But when one door closes another opens up, and for the longtime friends the d ... More >>
KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas Night Two Gibson Amphitheatre December 9,2012 Gwen Stefani's appearance at the first night of KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas made for a memorable evening. The rumors had circulated early in the evening that those in attendance would be treated to a surprise set from N ... More >>
The LA band stay faithful to their sound and the wild energy that got them this far
This morning KROQ affirmed some of our early predictions when it announced the lineup for both nights of their 23 Annual Almost Acoustic Christmas. Linkin Park and Rise Against are slated to headline Night 1 along with an outfit of nostalgic, monosyllabic hard rock acts--Bush and Garbage--bolstered ... More >>
In a month, alternative rock radio behemoth KROQ will be throwing down their annual Almost Acoustic Christmas concerts. After some sleuthing and perusal of other regional radio holiday shows, the dates for KROQ will be December 8th and 9th at the Gibson Amphitheater. Let's look at the potential line ... More >>
See Also:*Retro Geek Nick Watehouse Went From Being a Punching Bag in Orange County to a Trendsetter in GQ*TV on the Radio, Grouplove and Best Coast to Play The U.S. Open of Surfing.*Fingerprints Celebrates its 20th Anniversary with a Big 'Ol Record Sale.Long Beach's Summer and Music concert series& ... More >>
See Also: *TV on the Radio, Grouplove and Best Coast to Play the U.S. Open of Surfing *Jane's Addiction and the Flaming Lips to Headline Doheny Days *Adele and Gotye Top Mid-Year Album and Single Sales. Yikes!For those of you who haven't heard, Saturday night's Bruce Springsteen show at the Hard R ... More >>
When you think of the U.S. Open of Surfing, you think about people on their boards gracing the Pacific. Though the event usually features free live music, there may not be another free concert in the area that can compare to this year's event. Presented by Converse, Hurley and Nike, the show will ta ... More >>
GrouploveObservatoryApril 17, 2012 I think I shed at least ten pounds last night at The Observatory for the sold out Grouplove show. The place was pretty much packed from the moment that the doors opened and body heat radiated everywhere you turned. I would have thought that this would have upset ... More >>
KROQ/106.7 FM's annual Weenie Roast is back, earlier than ever. This year's edition--the 20th--is dubbed Weenie Roast y Fiesta, and will be held on May 5 at Verizon Wireless Amphitheater in Irvine. On the line up is Coldplay, Incubus, the Offspring, Silversun Pickups, Pennywise, Angels & A ... More >>
Andrew YoussefKROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas Night TwoDecember 11, 2011Gibson AmphitheaterSee also: KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas Night One After barely surviving Night One of KROQ's Almost Acoustic Christmas, my endurance was tested with another stellar line-up for Night Two. The Gibson ... More >>


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These measurements are just intended to be a guide. Put this together however suits you best.
2 cups Freekeh "Almanara" (green grilled wheat) – washed and drained *Olive Oil4 cups Chicken Broth1 can Sadaf Pulp of Grilled Eggplant1 medium onion, finely minced6 cloves of garlic, finely minced1 tablespoon cinnamon (I used almost twice this, actually – we like it that way)salt to tasteAlleppo Pepper to tasteseveral roasted red peppers (I used about half a jar of Zergut Roasted Red Peppers, drained and choppedabout a cup and a half of pitted green Provencal olives with Herbs de Provenceslivered almondsFeta cheese for garnish
Fry the washed and drained Freekeh in a bit of olive oil. It will take on a bit of a golden color. Basically just fry it over fairly high heat, stirring constantly, for about 5 or 6 minutes. Cover it with chicken broth. Bring to a boil. Stir one more time and then put a lid on the pan and reduce the heat. Cook for about an hour or until all the liquid has been absorbed.
Saute the onion and garlic until translucent. Add eggplant and cinnamon and cook until the mixture is mostly dry. Set aside.
Toast the slivered almonds (as many as you want – we REALLY like this part) in a pan with some olive oil. When they're golden, skim them onto paper towels to drain. Dust with salt and Alleppo pepper. Set aside.
When the Freekeh is dryish, add the eggplant mixture, the chopped roasted red pepper and the olives. Stir to warm all ingredients through. Season pilaf at this time with salt to taste. The amount you use will depend upon things like how salty the broth is.
Serve immediately, garnished with feta cheese and slivered almonds.
* Note: you could really use almost any grain. The smokiness of the Freekeh is special, though. Try it, if we have it.
Big John's PFI 1001 6th Avenue South Seattle, WA, 98118, USA
Monday: 9 AM - 5 PMTuesday: Friday: 9 AM - 6 PMSaturday: 10 AM - 4 PMSunday: CLOSED


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A new kind of college ranking
WTOP's Paula Wolfson reports
WASHINGTON - The usual suspects are absent from these new college rankings.
Washington Monthly released its annual list of colleges with the "best bang for the buck," and the results may be surprising.
Amherst College got the No. 1 rating, with CUNY Queens and Baruch College coming in second and third, respectively. Towson University is the only local school to make the top 100, coming in at number 66.
Washington Monthly Editor Haley Sweetland Edwards tells WTOP that its rankings looked at price of tuition, graduation rates and the percentage of students with Pell Grants.
"Our bang for the buck rating looks at non-wealthy students and whether or not they graduate, whether or not they default on their loans and how big their debts are when they graduate," she said.
The report comes as President Obama proposed a new system for rating universities based on their affordability. The government rating system would serve as a way to determine how much federal aid universities receive.
Harvard, Princeton, Yale and many other ivy-leagues are absent from Washington Monthly's list. Edwards said the rankings aren't about prestige but about schools that deliver great value for their students.
"We really just get completely different listings," she said.
Related Stories:
WTOP's Paula Wolfson contributed to this report. Follow @WTOP on Twitter.
© 2013 WTOP. All Rights Reserved.


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Crystal System: Trigonal
Status of Occurrence: Confirmed Occurrence - 1st UK recording
Distribution: Rare
Chemical Composition: Bismuth telluride
Chemical Formula: Bi4Te3
Method(s) of Verification: Clogau Mine - 'wehrlite' revealed by EMPA (Naden, 1988).
Chemical Group:
- Sulphides
Geological Context:
- Hydrothermal: mesothermal polymetallic veins
Introduction: pilsenite occurs in complex bismuth telluride assemblages typically associated with gold deposits.
Occurrence in Wales: the presence of 'wehrlite' was recorded in galena dominated gold-bearing veins at Clogau Mine by Naden (1988). However it has been shown that 'wehrlite' is not a valid mineral species but is instead intimately intergrown pilsenite and hessite (Ozawa & Shimazaki, 1982). Thus, by default, pilsenite found its way onto the Welsh mineral species list.
Key Localities:
- Clogau Mine, Bontddu, Gwynedd: intergrowths of pilsenite with hessite occur as grains which were identified by Naden (1988) as the subsequently discredited species wehrlite.
- Naden, J., 1988. Gold mineralisation in the Caledonides of the British Isles with reference to the Dolgellau Gold Belt and the Southern Uplands of Scotland. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, University of Aston, UK.
- Ozawa, T. & Shimazaki, H., 1982. Pilsenite redefined and wehrlite discredited. Proceedings of the Japanese Academy, 58, 291.


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New Allegations May Rob America of Its Herman Cain Candidacy
Herman Cain's roller coaster presidential campaign — which has somehow managed to weather Herman Cain as a presidential candidate for several months now — may actually be brought down by brand new allegations of sexual misconduct.
According to Cain — in a conference call this morning with the media that is trying to destroy him — a bunch of women accusing him of stuff is acceptable. But a bunch of women plus one accusing him of stuff… Well, that might be a little bit of an issue…
"Obviously, you're all aware of this recent firestorm that hit the news yesterday," Cain began, his voice somber. "First thing I want to do is say to you what I have said publicly: I deny those charges, unequivocally… [I]t was a just a friendship relationship."
"That being said, obviously, this is cause for reassessment," he continued. "As you know, during the summer we had to make some reassessments based upon our financial situation. We were able to hang in there; we reassessed the situation and kept on going…"
"Now, with this latest one, we have to do an assessment as to whether or not this is going to create too much of a cloud, in some people's minds, as to whether or not they would be able to support us going forth," Cain said."
He might not be able to go forth? Might not be able to go forth?! Nooooooooooooooooooooooooooo!!!
Please don't let this be happening! Please don't let this be happening! Please don't let this be happening!
We already lost one Sarah Palin. Can we really afford to lose a second one?
Tags: Ginger White, Herman Cain, Primaries, Republicans, Scandalgate, Sex
About Us
Comedy Central's Indecision is the network's digital hub for news, politics and other jokes: we're here, we're everywhere. We're not affiliated with any television show. We're affiliated with ourselves.


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MOSCOW – From their faraway homes in the American West, the two couples made repeated missions of love to Moscow, each seeking to adopt children with Down syndrome.
Now, even though they have court approval at last in hand, a political squabble with a trace of Cold War friction has derailed those plans, leaving the families in anxious limbo.
I was planning on going swimming with my son, said Brian Preece. But instead of splashing around in a pool in Nampa, Idaho, Preece and his wife, Rebecca, sat in a Moscow hotel lobby this week, at loose ends after officials refused to turn over the 4 1/2 -year-old boy even though a court approved the adoption last year.
With them was Jeana Bonner of South Jordan, Utah, on her fourth trip to Russia as part of intensive efforts by her and her husband, Wayne, to adopt a 5-year-old girl.
There is no process set up, there is no information specific to our case, said Bonner, who left her husband behind in Utah to care for their two biological daughters, including one with Down syndrome.
The Bonners and Preeces have run into a legal cul-de-sac. After their adoptions received court approval, they expected to wait nervously through a 30-day period in which the ruling can be challenged, then get the decree allowing them to take custody of the children, obtain needed documents and take them home.
But during those 30 days, Russia enacted a law banning adoptions by Americans. The ban was rushed through parliament and sped to President Vladimir Putin's desk in less than 10 days in a surge of retaliatory anger over a new U.S. law calling for sanctions on Russians identified as human-rights violators.
The hasty enactment left many questions unresolved. Although Putin spokesman Dmitry Peskov has said that adoptions already approved by courts could go ahead, the Preeces said Tuesday they were told that the ban has left a legal vacuum – with no mechanism for issuing the decree that finalizes the case.
The process used to be all streamlined and fairly straightforward. Now there's no instructions, said Rebecca Preece, on an emotional knife-edge as months of visits and paperwork hit a roadblock.
He understands that we're coming for him, she said of the boy they hope to adopt. We were able to visit him, ... and he talked about going in a car with us, in an airplane.
He knows. He calls us Mama' and Papa,' she said, on the verge of tears. We've come for him three times, and three times we've had to leave.
A spokesman for Russia's Supreme Court, Pavel Odintsov, told The Associated Press on Wednesday that the high court is working on the conundrum.
It is unclear when that clarity might come, but we are not talking about months; possibly a couple of weeks, he said.
Now, Preece said, the question is whether to stick around in Moscow to see the process through and hope things don't go further awry, or go home and wait it out in Idaho.
The Preeces have three other children, including one with Down syndrome. The plan now is for Brian to go home this weekend to attend to the couple's fireplace business.
Jeana Bonner, in a telephone interview before leaving Utah, said she and her husband have felt so enriched by the experience of raising their own daughter with Down syndrome that they wanted to adopt a child who also had the condition.
It was something we felt we could do – we had experience, we had the resources and support, she said.
During three previous trips to Russia, dating back to last June, the Bonners have met seven times with the girl they hope will be their daughter.
She's an amazing little girl, very active, very bright, Jeana Bonner said. It's very apparent that the staff at her orphanage take very good care of the children. ... But nothing can replace a family. We plan to take care of her for the long haul.
The Bonners and Preeces are among 52 U.S. families who'd won court approval for their adoptions before the ban was signed. Hundreds more families – perhaps 1,500 in all – were in some earlier phase of pursuing an adoption from Russia, and they too are in limbo.
The immediate cause of Russia's ban was to retaliate for the new U.S. law targeting Russians accused of human-rights abuses. But the ban also reflects long-brewing resentment in Russia over the 60,000 Russian children who have been adopted by Americans in the past two decades, 19 of whom have died.
UNICEF estimates there are about 740,000 children not in parental custody in Russia – and 105,000 live in orphanages.
For the Bonners, however, there's no option but to persevere – especially in light of bureaucratic setbacks last year that twice made them think their adoption quest was doomed.
Two times it looked like there was no way it was going to work out, and we grieved through that, Jeana Bonner said. It just hurts and is so painful.
This time we're going to be as hopeful as possible. We're not going to give up until we've exhausted every possible avenue.


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Card feats for the mentalist. This book has 14 effects that Al Mann judged sufficiently amazing enough, and plotted well enugh, as to be suitable for the mentalist to perform. Also incuded is a chapter of Olof Jonsson's card mentalism stunts, 9 total, with full methedology. Jonsson was the Uri Geller of his day, so these additional 9 effects are also excellent fodder for the Mentalism show. The Contents:
[Note: All Al Mann manuscripts are unbound. They are complete, 100% original (from Al Mann's garage) and do include the heavy front and back covers. The loose leafs can be glue bound, spiral bound, hole punched, or kept loose.]
>Magic Al Mann Animals Balls, Eggs, Dice & Cups Biographies & History >Cards Catalogs Chapeaugraphy Cigarettes, Matches & Fire Coins, Chips & Buttons Comedy Magic DIY, Makers & Builders Fiction Gospel Magic Hands, Fingers & Body Hypnosis & NLP Illusions, Escape & Stage Kids & Children Liquids, Chemicals & Bottles >Magazines & Comics Marketing Memory & Mnemonics >Mentalism & Spiritism Paper & Paper Money Patter, Plots & Scripts Phone, Apps & eTricks Pickpocket Rings Ropes, Ribbons & Threads Science & Math Tricks Silks & Flags Theory, Articles & Reviews Thimbles Ventriloquism -3D Printed Tricks & Gimmicks- >-Audio- -Books (printed)- -DVD & Video (disc)- -DVD (download+stream)- -Video clips (download)- -for Beginners- -before 1800- -Compilations- -French (français)- >-German (Deutsch)- -Italian (italiano)- -Spanish (español)- -T shirts- -Second Hand- -Gift Cards & Donations- -for Resellers->Gambling>Games Juggling
Livres de Magie en FrançaisZauberliteratur in DeutschLibri di Magia in ItalianoLibros de Magia en Español
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Police are looking for four gunmen after two separate shootings sent four people, including a twelve-year-old girl, to the hospital Saturday night.
Big data has hit the bedroom. Our tantric trysts have earned Missouri a fifth place spot on a state-by-state ranking of how long it takes to have sex. With an average duration time of four minutes and 22 seconds, Missouri comes in just behind No. 4 South Carolina and before No. 6 Michigan.
Komorebi Records (pronounced Ko-mo-reh-bi) is a spanking new creative project headed jointly by Michael Franco, Jeffrey Hill Jr., Paul Fullerton and Alexis McCoy. "It's a Japanese word. Literally it translates to 'the scene produced by sunlight filtering in through leaves,'" explains Franco, his hei ... More >>
Bad news for anyone jonesing for a fresh, locally-sourced horseburger: When President Barack Obama signed the new federal budget late last week, he also signed a measure that effectively banned selling horse meat for human consumption in the U.S.. The $1.1 trillion spending package includes languag ... More >>
Two murder cases gone long cold in Wyoming have broken wide open here in Missouri. Gerald Uden, 71, and Alice Louise Uden, 74, of the southeastern Missouri town of Chadwick, were arrested last week on first-degree murder charges for the deaths of their ex-spouses and two young children more than 30 ... More >>
A proposal to block St. Louis city tax breaks for corporations like Peabody Energy -- an initiative that officials say could be destructive to the local economy -- is on its way to a direct vote by city residents on an upcoming ballot. The activists behind the initiative called Take Back St. Louis ... More >>
Critics of Peabody Energy have become quite good at making a scene at their protests of the corporation headquartered in St. Louis. And that might just be why Peabody is going to be holding its annual meeting for shareholders a thousand miles away in Gillette, Wyoming. At least that's the theory of ... More >>
Please pardon my lack of enthusiasm today; I'm still mourning that crushing playoff-ending defeat our city's beloved Redbirds faced on Friday -- damn those victorious Nationals. Also, Dewey Defeats Truman! Oh, ESPN. There's good shows this week: Smashing Pumpkins plays the Chaifetz on Thursday -- i ... More >>
If you were downtown yesterday evening you might've caught red-clad Cardinals fans headed to Busch Stadium, an especially brilliant sunset, and maybe a scant group of activists commemorating the one-year anniversary of Occupy St. Louis at Kiener Plaza. Also hard to miss was a surreal and sizable g ... More >>
Sue Wallis' Unified Equine announced yesterday that Rockville, Missouri, population 150 or so, would be home to the company's first food-grade horse slaughter plant by the end of the summer. This is the second proposed Missouri location for the Wyoming state senator's plant. Mountain Grove was the f ... More >>
It's not just for cats and dogs anymore.Unified Equine is a Wyoming-based company that wants to open its first horse-meat processing plant -- for human consumption, mind you -- just outside Mountain Grove, Missouri, an Ozark community about 70 miles east of Springfield. Unified Equine and its chi ... More >>
Image viaRoyal bride and groom shortbreadGut Check happily celebrates National Pretzel Day, National Doughnut Day and 50%-Off-Cadbury-Crème-Egg Day, also known as Easter Monday (okay, we sort of made that one up). Naturally, we're beyond ecstatic about the royal wedding. Pageantry, crown jew ... More >>
photo courtesy Robin SchubertSouth Grand Boulevard's music venues, bars and eclectic restaurants have long made it a destination for showing off your coolest threads. And now, there's another spot in the neighborhood to actually get said threads, without breaking the bank.Armarium is a vintage an ... More >>
Wikimedia CommonsThese beets won't kill you. Yet. Beets are so often maligned that it's hard to imagine that they're pickled and processed in 105-ounce cans. Who knew there was such a pickled beet demand? Well, that demand's going to go unmet for a bit. Lakeside Foods Inc. of Manitowoc, Wis ... More >>
Image viaDreaming of warmer weather, no doubt...Even the city's cuddle-thug is being swept up in the snowmageddon, it seems: Nelly is part of the Blizzard Music Tour, which kicks off March 1 in South Dakota. The lineup for the trek is interesting and very diverse: Besides Nelly, the show feat ... More >>
Pop quiz: What do Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Missouri, Montana and Wyoming all have in common? According to a new report by Save the Children, kids in all these states are probably out of luck in case of an emergency.
Image sourceA gift to clean energy advocates from the Union of Concerned ScientistsA report on coal imports from the Union of Concerned Scientists was just about a month too late for the Great Coal Debate at Washington University.,It's a pity too, because the environmental activist group found th ... More >>
St. Louis has an All-American city in its northern suburbs. The National Civic League recently named Ferguson as one of 26 finalists in its 2010 All-America City Awards. To become a finalist, Ferguson completed an application documenting three community projects that address their communities' ... More >>
Judging from Sen. Mike Enzi's little soliloquy on the Senate floor yesterday, Wyoming's a loooooong way from Illinois, or even modern-day conveniences like radio and television.
File this one under "fluke accident": Last Thursday, after a gig at the Schlafly Tap Room, Eric Hall's musical equipment -- a pedalboard full of mostly custom-built pedals and other pieces of gear -- slipped out of his trunk as he made his way home. (Hall lives on Wyoming and Grand.) This Facebook n ... More >>
flickr.com/photos/blazin glory We have an enduring preoccupation with happiness. It's an American art form. Pollsters are constantly probing our psyches, measuring our mood swings, tracking our current level of contentment. Interestingly, though hardly surprising -- as T ... More >>
7:30 p.m. Sunday, November 1. Cicero's, 6691 Delmar Boulevard, University City.
Matthew Shepard, a gay Wyoming college student murdered in 1998 and an inspiration for the revised hate-crimes law.You've probably heard by now how the House of Representatives passed a measure last week that broadens the definition of a "hate crime" to include incidents committed because of the ... More >>
Bow to your sensei.
Highway 61 Roadhouse and Kitchen is the real deal.
8 p.m. Sunday, October 29. Lemp Neighborhood Arts Center (3301 Lemp Avenue).
Ledger and Gyllenhaal are cowboys in love in Ang Lee's wrenching Brokeback Mountain
Redford grows old gracefully in An Unfinished Life
A local band has some big tour plans this summer
Banished from the St. Louis Post-Dispatch a decade ago, Joseph Pulitzer IV lives in self-imposed exile in Wyoming. What went wrong?
The Laramie Project lives on
Week of May 26, 2004
South Soulard
(Mostly) Harmless Theatre addresses intolerance and fear in The Laramie Project
The landmark restaurants of Grand Boulevard still pack 'em in
Why the best teen movie of the year, based on a beloved novel, won't be in theaters
Despite nearly a half-century of loyal service, Sinclair says goodbye to one of its finest
The Neem offer up 29 songs on their self-titled debut


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Jessika Jaramillo went shopping Tuesday, looking for severed body parts, blood and scarred skin.
Sounds a bit ghoulish, but she's just gearing up to celebrate Halloween.
As the Oct. 31 holiday creeps up, South Floridians like Jaramillo are heading to stores with shopping lists that also include spider webs, skeletons, and cute or often frightening costumes.


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MIAMI — Already the subject of double-digit infamy, the additional burden of 100 defeats seemed like piling on the Miami Marlins.
The Phillies' 2-1 victory Tuesday at Marlins Park sealed the second 100-loss season in Marlins history. It followed in the wake of being ranked as No. 120 out of 122 franchises in the four major professional leagues in the Ultimate Standings by ESPN the Magazine.


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I am a full time nursing student, mom, and blog designer in Lake City, FL. I have a 5 year old little girl that is my world. This blog is my little place to put my thoughts, updates, and for me to find a little peace in-between reading textbooks, tests, and clinical rotations.
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Health Guide
Drug Guide
Cyclophosphamide (Injection)
Cyclophosphamide (sye-kloe-FOS-fa-mide)
Treats cancer, including leukemia and lymphomas, and nephrotic syndrome.
Brand Name(s):There may be other brand names for this medicine.
When This Medicine Should Not Be Used:This medicine is not right for everyone. You should not receive it if you have had an allergic reaction to cyclophosphamide, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
How to Use This Medicine:
Drugs and Foods to Avoid:
Ask your doctor or pharmacist before using any other medicine, including over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products.
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- Address:
678 Washington Street
Norwood, MA 02062Neighborhood:
- Cuisine:
LebanesePrice: $30 and under
- Dining Style: Casual Elegant
- Website: http://www.byblosrestaurant.com/
- Phone: (781) 762-8998
- Hours of Operation:
Tuesday - Thursday: 11:30 am - 10:00pm, Friday - Saturday: 11:30am - 11:00pm, Sunday: 12:30pm - 8:00pm
- Payment Options: AMEX,MasterCard,Visa
- Cuisine: Lebanese
- Dress Code: Smart Casual
- Accepts Walk-Ins: Yes
- Additional Details: Banquet/Private Rooms, Beer, Dancing, Entertainment, Full Bar, Non-Smoking Restaurant, Private Room, Takeout, Wheelchair Access, Wine
- Special Events: Join us for our annual New Year's Eve Bash at Byblos. 3 course gourmet Lebanese dinner, mezza, and champagne with musical guest George Maalouf! $125 per ticket. Buy your tickets today at 781-762 8998.
A word from Byblos
Maurice Daaboul and family's Byblos is the Boston area's premier eatery since 1996 for authentic, homemade Lebanese cuisine. Located in the heart of Norwood, Massachusetts, Byblos offers all the best features of Lebanese dining, including a large hall where feasts are laid out in traditional Lebanese Maza style to the tune of live Arabic music and oriental belly dancing. At Byblos we pride ourselves on bringing freshness, authenticity and service to our valued customers.Continued
Foodspotting photosSee all photos
Byblos reviews from OpenTable diners
44 reviews since July 31, 2014
- Food4.6Service4.6
- Ambiance4.2Noise LevelModerate
good for groups (29)fit for foodies (25)neighborhood gem (23)special occasion (12)kid-friendly (7)great for lunch (6)romantic (6)notable wine list (5)hot spot (3)late-night find (2)vibrant bar scene (1)great for brunch (1)Show More
- MassfoodieVIPDined on 11/26/2014Byblos is always dependably great. We love the minty salad. Hint: go for one of the daily specials if you are so inclined.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Happy To Find This RestaurantDena1Dined on 11/8/2014Found this restaurant because we were going to a show at the Norwood Theater, and this restautant received a high rating on trip advisor. The other three members in our party, as well as myself, were very happy to 'discover' this restaurant. The food was very good and fresh, and the staff very friendly and accommodating. We enjoyed our first visit here very much and will definitely return again.I would recommend this to a friend.
- Byblos is great!JavaJoeDined on 11/8/2014This Restaurant is fantastic! Love the food, menu choices and that You are never rushed.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- RoxytreatsDined on 11/1/2014Excellent variety and very fresh Lebanese food....prices excellent for quality and quantity of food.....only disappointment was the baklava...I am Armenian and the baklava was rather dry...other than that...the food was excellent and like I said very fresh...reminded me of my grandmother's cooking...wish you had belly dancing on Saturday nights also...Special Features:
- FantasticpooneilDined on 10/25/2014Amazing food, good portions, friendly staff, and quick service. A+Special Features:
- Amazing Time!OpenTable Diner Since 2014Dined on 10/17/2014Best find in the area...if you love Middle Eastern food, this is a must!!!Special Features:
- Like My Gandma madeDrDerDined on 10/12/2014The Lebanese food here is exactly like the food my grandma used to make. It is outstanding and one of the very, very few places I can get kibbe nayye.Special Features:
- good food and funGreatcustomerDined on 10/11/2014We went with a group on a Saturday night. The service was a bit slow, but the food was very good. The belly dancer made the overall experience lots of fun. We'd definitely return.Special Features:
- A real find for usNew2MADined on 10/4/2014We like Mediterranean cuisine, have had Syrian a lot in our past, and Byblos was a real find for us, so close by. Elegant atmosphere but not too expensive. Excellent food, friendly and very helpful waiter, especially for choosing our food, not too noisy (We enjoyed the live music and dancing from the other room after we had finished our meal on Saturday night). Big portions so we had a good meal for the next day also. We'll be back!Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Friday night fun spot!PS47VIPDined on 10/3/2014First time at Byblos, had a blast on belly dancing night. The three man band played an energetic brand of music that people danced to in between belly dancing sets. It felt more like a wedding reception than a restaurant, though the food was good and the service excellent. Great spot.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Good but not greatOpenTable Diner Since 2014Dined on 9/7/2014Portions were plentiful but taste was not as good as we remembered from past visits. Pita was a bit on the stale side and my wife didn't care for the shrimp not being peeled.I would recommend this to a friend.
- Awesome !OpenTable Diner Since 2014Dined on 9/6/2014We loved the food here. Highly. Recommended. Grape leaves and hummus is the best we ever had south of Boston. A+++Special Features:
- Absolutely wonderfulKirstenrunsVIPDined on 9/4/2014Our server was wonderfully attentive. We did not know what to order-being unfamiliar with Lebanese food-and he was able to suggest some amazing dinner options. I will definitely be back! Thank you!Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Kelly812VIPDined on 8/30/2014Always consistent with food and quality of food. We do not go there as often as we like because we live down the Cape. hopefully someday the Cape will have a Mid Eastern restaurant to match ByblosSpecial Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Excellent FoodphlhVIPDined on 8/16/2014This is as good as moms cooking. Delicious chicken kabobs, and the garlic/toum sauce is amazing.Special Features:
- rkaranDined on 8/15/2014The filafels at Byblos were by far the best I've tasted. This is including those I've eaten during a 10-year stint in the Middle East. The yogurt sauce was excellent as were the shawarma , the kibbe, the chicken kabab, kofta kabab entrees. The wait staff were friendly and very helpful. The quantity of food is quite large too. If you plan on finishing off your entrees, it may be a good idea to skip the appetizers.Special Features:
- Fun evening with fabulous food!OpenTable Diner Since 2009Dined on 8/8/2014We went to bring a friend to celebrate his birthday and were not disappointed. The food was plentiful and delicious. Very fresh but more fun was the entertainment. The band plus belly dancing available on Friday and Saturday evening made it a totally enjoyable evening. The owner is warm and friendly and makes a point to welcome all guests. Truly a fun night. It does get noisy once entertainment starts but worth it!Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- The following 228 reviews are from the Byblos reviews archive.
- Consistently GoodBostongirlVIPDined on 7/27/2014Byblos has fantastic Lebanese food which is always consistent. A definite family favorite. The wait staff worked hard and hustled through the crowd but their personalities could use some overhauling.
- Lots of optionsSuburbanMomDined on 6/27/2014I am mostly vegetarian, but my family eats meat, so it can sometimes be a challenge to find a restaurant that satisfies all of us. Byblos is wonderful because there are so many vegetarian choices, and meals can be customized by ordering a series of Mezzas and side dishes or picking one of the combination plates. The portions are generous, so there is no fear of leaving hungry. I come back most often for the falafel (crispy outside and light and soft inside), and the lemony hummus with lovely paper-thin pita. The ambiance is what I would describe as "old school" with waitstaff in tuxedo shirts and bowties, but the service is always attentive.I would recommend this to a friend.
- Awesome food .... Great serviceIndyDined on 6/20/2014This is the closest thing to actually eating in Lebanon. The food and the entertainment are wonderful!Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- MaggieDined on 6/17/2014I enjoyed a lovely meal with friends. The meal was well prepared and delicious. We didn't feel rushed at all. Fresh roses on each table was a wonderful touch. Will definitely return.Special Features:
- Meeting friends.ElizabthDined on 6/14/2014We had a great dinner, everyone enjoyed there choices. The waitstaff was attentive. The wine was good. Music and entertainment was very enjoyable. Pleasant environment and low noise level allows for friends to converse. No one rushes you out and we were encouraged to stay and enjoy the entertainment.Special Features:
- So wonderfulGrannyDined on 6/13/2014We have been to Byblos many times, & The food is amazing except for 2 errors. 1st, about a year ago, we ordered the baklavah, always a very small portion of 3 pieces, but then was not even all baklavah, and was not delicious. We haven't ordered it since, so can't report on any change. The 2nd was just the other evening. A special was described as thinly sliced chicken with pistachios, almonds and pine nuts, with a gravy, over rice. The comment from the person who had it was that the chicken was dry and tasteless, and that the gravy was both too little and not complementary. He said that it was a fabulous vegetarian dish that someone decided to add chicken to. But the leftovers without the chicken were much enjoyed.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Best Lebanese in Boston AreaBusinessLuncherDined on 6/8/2014This is probably the best Lebanese restaurant in Boston area. You should ask about the options for family style menu. I particularly like ordering family platter and order appetizers separately, cause it could be too much food to order the full family style.Special Features:
- Outstanding Restaurant!!!DebbyBDined on 6/7/2014We love Byblos! The food is fabulous, the service is outstanding, and the atmosphere is unbeatable. We love the belly dancers. We have dined here many times and have never had a bad experience. The owner is a soulful man with a large heart.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Consistently excellentMassfoodieVIPDined on 5/30/2014This is our go-to place when we are in the area and we are never disappointed. The food is always fresh and the staff welcoming and friendly. The house and other salads are refreshing. Try one of the specials, such as the sheikh el meshi, and one of the Lebanese wines.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Consistently GoodBostongirlVIPDined on 5/24/2014This restaurant is consistently good. We really enjoyed our dinner. The service was a little off perhaps due to it being extremely busy but overall it was a very enjoyable dining experience.
- Yummy Mideast Feast!internationalfoodjunkieDined on 5/23/2014Byblos was a great dining experience for our foursome of friends. We had a friend who was looking for Lebanese food, in particular and they did not disappoint! Only issue was talking over the very loud band. The atmosphere was quite friendly, overall, but we could not hold a conversation once the band got going! Great food, though, and I would highly recommend it for those looking for a unique experience.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Great food and servicePatbDined on 5/20/2014Byblos was very nice. The hummus was the best I have ever tasted. It was served with warm pita bread. The kabobs were good and the portions were large. We have never had Lebanese food before so I can't compare it to other Lebanese restaurants.Special Features:
- Testing it outKaralex21Dined on 5/17/2014I wanted to Taist the food at this restuarant thinking it's more of Armenian middle eastern but it was not. It was more Arabic middle Easter place with its kinds of food. The food was good cooked well but not to fond of some of the Taist from the appetizers. When I called the person on the phone said they will have live entertainment and there is a place to dance,,2-3 hours we were there and it was only keyboard player than around 10 a belly dancer came. It disapoiented me that there was no dance floor to dance than I noticed there was a function room with a small dance floor. I was thinking about doing a occasion there but now I changed my mind. Overall it wasn't bad, good to go there once in a while.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Does not disappointTrevVIPDined on 5/14/2014As usual, very good. Price is always right. Would like some more creativity on desserts.Special Features:
- Big mistakeBobbyDined on 5/11/2014We were at Byblos for Mother's Day and while the food was ok, the menu was very limited to just 2 options to choose from. Also the waitress was rude and not friendly at all. We have a toddler and was told that we would pay a flat fee for her even if she doesn't get her own dish because they don't allow food sharing. That was very odd and we almost left after we were told that. Finally an 18% tip was automatically added to the bill and charged to my card without even asking for permission. I found this to be odd. Nevertheless, my wife asked me to never bring her to this place again. So much for a special Mother's Day
- 2nd time less a charmhappyfranDined on 5/10/2014We bumbled on this restaurant after leaving a long day on the "auto mile" back in January and had a great meal. Thought we try again as a Mom's Day dinner on Sat PM but the service was dreadful and the food was just not as good. Not sure how to account for the inconsistency?
- A can't miss destinationmurray300VIPDined on 5/9/2014This place is just sooooo good! The food is simply the best here and always has been since its humble beginnings in a tiny little storefront nearby. The very warm host, Maurice, is a nice as can be always checking to see that all his guests are happy. If I have one issue it is the loud ethnic music on some weekend nights that make it difficult to converse with the other members of your party that, at least for me, we were going out with in order to catch up with and enjoy their company. I have no doubt that for many patrons the music is a plus, just not for me. So, no big problem, we just either avoid those nights or come on the early side so we are finished before the music begins.Special Features:
- Good food and entertainment!CookiesDined on 4/26/2014As always the food is presented very well and the service from the host to the server was impeccable.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Always goodPal3Dined on 4/23/2014You can never go wrong when eating at Byblos. A go to restaurant when you can't decide. And a reservation on a Saturday evening is a plus.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- This the place for middleeasternluv2eatDined on 3/15/2014This the place for middleeastern food. We were there on a Friday night when the restaurant has live music. There was a birthday party in progress in the next room, but it was more like the whole restaurant was a part of the celebration when the dancing started because diners were in close proximity to the open doors dividig the rooms. The rooms are quite large (front to back) and did not seem cramped. Extensive menu items to choose from and if the vegetarian combo I ordered is any indication, bring your appetite, my serving was plentiful.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Friendly with Delicious FoodAbbyDined on 3/15/2014Can't wait to go back. The Trip from RI was worth it for family. We chose to celebrate my brother's birthday there and we will return for more special occasions. The food is plentiful and truly a taste of Lebanon.Special Features:I would recommend this to a friend.
- Tasty but too loudTSweeneyDined on 3/8/2014Delicious food, friendly service, plentiful portions but the live entertainment the night we were there was far too loud. We were with friends we had not seen in a year, and trying to have a conversation once the music began was near impossible without requiring us to raise our voices. If conversation will be part of your dining experience, try going on a night when live entertainment is not scheduled.I would recommend this to a friend.
- Love it!DebSDined on 3/2/2014We have been going to Byblos for years and it never disappoints!!! It is great for lunch or dinner and definitely family dining.Special Features:


text:
Word: labad
Added on: 2010-02-07 Listened: 6 timesin: Latvian postpositions, genitive case
Pronunciation in Latvian [lv]
- Pronunciation by QueenZ (Male from Latvia)
0 votes
- Could you do it better? different accent? Pronounce labad in Latvian
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- Random word: labāk
by Google Translate English translation:
labad = for
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3 Jan 2014: The Forum is currently in read-only made while we update to a new version of the Seventy% website and forum.
The forum will be back with a faster, simplified and up to date website in the next two months.
Please consider registering
Elements for Life is a small Artisan Raw Chocolate company based in Wiltshire, England.
We launched in November 2010 with our first product, a Raw Chocolate Making Kit also selling a selection of high quality Raw Chocolate Making Ingredients
Since then we have launched our amazing Yummy Scrummy Raw Chocolate Brownie as well as selling Raw Chocolate Gift Boxes for special occasions.
Our website includes a Raw Chocolate Blog and Raw Chocolate Making Recipes.
Looking forward to getting to know you all and see where this chocolate adventures takes me.


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There are plenty of reasons to check out local artwork beyond it being one of the designated "days" our community has become so fond of. First Friday, Third Friday, Final Friday, Third Thursday, Second Saturday -- just leave the house already. Dozens of great places open their doors to cool ... More >>
When news broke that Psyko Steve was booking a gig at Modified Arts, I got excited. Not because I'm a huge fan of the artist he's booking, Ari Herstand -- the guy makes pretty straight forward pop-rock, possesses a fairly angelic voice, and sounds an awful lot like something you'd hear on ... More >>
Becky Bartkowski Welcome to 21 Questions, a regular feature where PHXmusic.com goes to the favorite hangout of a notable Phoenician and asks the "big" questions. This week we met up with Modified Arts performance programmer Adam Murray at Lola Coffee on Central and Camelback.Adam Murray sits comf ... More >>
Victoria's Secret model Jamie Lee Darley will be sitting pretty tonight at the W Scottsdale.If you're single, Valentine's Day kinda sucks. You'll likely spend this weekend sitting on your ass, alternating bouts of drinking with visits to online porn sites, while your friends and their respe ... More >>
Modified moves forward by looking at the past


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NEW YORK (AP) -- The stock market is closing higher as investors anticipate that the Federal Reserve will keep programs to support the U.S. economy in place.
The Dow Jones industrial average rose 138 points, or 0.9 percent, to 15,318 Tuesday.
The Standard & Poor's 500 rose 12 points, or 0.8 percent, to 1,651. All 10 industry groups rose.
The Nasdaq rose 30 points, or 0.9 percent, to 3,482.
The pace of home construction rose in May and builders applied for permits to build single-family homes at the fastest pace in five years.
Inflation was tame last month, giving the Fed leeway to keep up its stimulus. The Fed meets Tuesday and Wednesday.
Two stocks rose for every one that fell on the New York Stock Exchange. Volume was light at 3 billion shares.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Cherry Nut Breakfast Rolls
Your family will be so excited to wake up to these delicious rolls. I love making them for the holidays.—Darlene Brenden, Salem, Oregon
12 Servings
Prep: 30 min. + rising Bake: 25 min.
2 packages (1/4 ounce
) active dry yeast
1 cup warm water (110°-115°)
1/2 cup butter, melted
1/2 cup sugar
3 eggs, beaten
1/2 teaspoon salt
4-1/2 to 5 cups all-purpose flour,
3 cups fresh
frozen pitted tart red cherries, chopped
2/3 cup sugar
3 tablespoons cornstarch
1/4 teaspoon
McCormick® Pure Almond Extract
1/3 cups finely chopped almonds
Few drops red food coloring, optional
1/2 cup confectioners' sugar
1/2 to 2 teaspoons milk
1/2 teaspoon butter, softened
1/2 teaspoon
McCormick® Pure Almond Extract
In a large bowl, dissolve yeast in water. Let stand 5 minutes. Stir
in butter, sugar, eggs, salt and 3 cups flour. Add enough remaining
flour to form a soft dough. Turn out onto a floured surface; knead
until smooth and elastic, about 6-8 minutes. Place dough in a
© Taste of Home 2014
2 of 2
Cherry Nut Breakfast Rolls
Directions (continued)
greased bowl, turning once to grease top. Cover and refrigerate 2
hours. Meanwhile, combine all filling ingredients in a saucepan.
Bring to boil; reduce heat and cook until thickened, stirring
constantly. Cool. Turn dough out onto a lightly floured surface.
Roll out to make a 14-in. x 16-in. rectangle. Spread with filling.
Roll up, jelly roll-style, beginning with the long end. Cut into 12
slices. Place, cut side down, on a greased 13-in. x 9-in. baking
pan. Cover and let rise until almost doubled, for about 25 minutes.
Bake at 375° for 25 minutes or until golden brown. Remove from
pan; cool slightly. Combine all icing ingredients; drizzle over warm
rolls. Serve immediately. Yield: 12 rolls.
Nutritional Facts:
1 serving (1 each) equals 403 calories, 11 g fat (5 g saturated fat), 74 mg cholesterol, 196 mg sodium, 68 g carbohydrate, 2 g fiber, 8 g protein.
© Taste of Home 2014


text: > Date: Thu, 03 Mar 2011 20:55:05 -0800 > From: Susan Fox <selene at earthlink.net> > To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org> > Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Intent or Interpretation > > At the very least, try use a frying medium cited in the > same source. > Not something modern like margarine or canola oil. Isn't canola oil the same as rapeseed oil? It is my understanding that it was just renamed for marketing purposes. Rapeseed is grown in northern Europe. Do any of the German specialists out there know if rapeseed oil was used in period cooking? Juana Isabella


text:
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Tens of thousands of Orangemen and their supporters are expected in Belfast later this month for a special march to Stormont to mark the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Ulster Covenant.
Hopes are high that the major parade will pass off without incident when it takes place on 29 September as talks between police, community leaders, Loyal Orders, politicians and church representatives continue in an attempt to avoid a repeat of the violence witnessed in north Belfast earlier this week.
The disorder began prior to a Republican march passing through the area on Sunday.
In what is being hailed as a game changer, the Royal Black Institution issued an unprecedented apology on Thursday for defying a Parades Commission ruling outside St Patrick's Church in Donegall Street last month.
The ban was imposed after a loyalist band played a song alleged to be sectarian outside the same church on the Twelfth of July.
Millar Farr, the Sovereign Grand Master of the institution, said in an open letter that "the sense of injustice and hurt felt by the members of the Royal Black Institution" was focused on the Parades Commission - not St Patrick's Church.
"Parading is embedded in the DNA of the Protestant community but the Parades Commission has shown an appalling lack of understanding about what that means," he said.
The resolution process was given another boost on Friday when the Grand Lodge of Ireland released a statement saying it "fully supports the sentiments expressed" in the apology.
We are genuinely committed in finding a just and equitable resolution to these matters.Orange Order
We are genuinely committed in finding a just and equitable resolution to these matters.
Orange Order
Discussing the centenary march, the Orange Order said: "This landmark occasion allows a unique opportunity to commemorate one of the most momentous and cultural events in the history of these islands, and as we move into a period involving a number of significant centenaries it is essential that we celebrate our different cultures in an atmosphere of tolerance and mutual respect.
North Belfast Sinn Féin Councillor Conor Maskey has welcomed the decision by the Loyal Orders to withdraw.
"It is difficult to understand the type of mindset that thought this was a good idea in the first place especially considering the current climate around contentious Loyal Order parades.
"The application was unnecessary and unhelpful as we attempt to lower tensions around the 29th September march and come to a resolution agreeable to all."
He said the application should never have been made.
Nichola Mallon, SDLP Councillor for the area, has described it as "a positive move." She said the decision adds to "the space for reflection and discussion created by the Royal Black Institution's apology." "We are in a better environment to that which we inhabited even a week ago and there is the possibility, with direct meaningful local engagement, to create the room needed to establish a lasting mood of respect and community confidence. "The leadership and dignity shown by the Carrickhill Residents, combined with the response of the Loyal Orders in recent days have the potential to redefine the issue of contentious parades and move towards a solid grounding in mutual respect."
Joe Marley, of nationalist residents group CARA, told UTV the about turn sat alongside other efforts being made to diffuse tensions.
He said Loyal Orders now need to engage in direct talks with local residents to "finding a lasting resolution" to the issue.
Peter Robinson holding talks with North Belfast groups over the parades issue.— Ken Reid (@KenReid_utv) September 7, 2012
Peter Robinson holding talks with North Belfast groups over the parades issue.
— Ken Reid (@KenReid_utv) September 7, 2012
SF councillor released unconditionally
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'1000 jobs' in Ballymena church scheme
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Guilty pleas over Ballymena bin attack
City 'child approach' report unfounded
Home for disabled adults to close
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Outrage after elderly siblings robbed
Christmas tree cut down in Annalong


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Tax revenue statistics
From Statistics Explained
- Data from March 2014. Most recent data: Further Eurostat information, Main tables and Database.
For recently updated ESA table 9, please see section 'Further Eurostat information, Main tables and Database'; current cut-off date for National tax list data is 28 May 2014.
This article presents recent data on tax revenue and its relationship to gross domestic product (GDP) in the European Union (EU) and the euro area (EA-17). The latest year for which detailed tax revenue statistics are available for all Member States is 2012. This data is published on Eurobase. In addition, Eurostat publishes revenue and economic function data for individual taxes (the National Tax Lists or NTL) delivered by Member States as well as Norway and Iceland alongside the aggregated tax revenue data under the ESA95 transmission programme (please see further down.)
As a ratio of GDP, tax revenue (including social contributions) accounted for 40.6 % of GDP in the European Union (EU-28) and 41.7 % of GDP in the euro area (EA-18). This represents an increase of 0.6 pp. of GDP in the EU-28 and 0.9 in the EA-18. In absolute terms, tax revenue in 2012 continued the growth from its low-point of 2010. From its 2006 peak, EU-28 tax revenue as a percentage of GDP had decreased every year until it started to increase in 2011. The 2012 ratio is the highest since 2001. For the EA-18, tax revenue as a percentage of GDP had decreased every year from its 2007 peak until it started to increase in 2011 and is now at its highest since 2000.
In 2012 tax revenue made up just under 90 % of total general government revenue in the European Union. Taxes on production and imports accounted for 13.6 % of GDP and current taxes on income, wealth, etc. were 12.9 % of GDP. Current taxes on income, wealth, etc. as a % of GDP decreased from 2007 to 2010, but a slight increase was seen in 2011 followed by a stronger increase in 2012. The share of social contributions remained relatively stable at 14.0 % of GDP in 2012.
- 1 Main statistical findings
- 2 Evolution of tax revenue
- 3 Tax revenue-to-GDP ratio: Denmark, Belgium and France show the highest ratios
- 4 In 2012, tax revenue in absolute terms increased in 25 EU Member States
- 5 Direct taxes increased most in 2012, indirect taxes exceed pre-crisis levels
- 6 Data sources and availability
- 7 Context
- 8 See also
- 9 Further Eurostat information
Main statistical findings
Evolution of tax revenue
In 2012, EU-28 tax revenue (defined to also include actual and imputed social contributions, please refer to the methodological note below) of general government (plus institutions of the EU), expressed as a percentage of GDP, increased substantially to 40.6 % of GDP (up from 40.0 % of GDP in 2011). Tax revenue in the EA-18 showed a stronger increase and rose from 40.8 % of GDP in 2011 to 41.7 % of GDP in 2012. The pattern for both EU-28 and EA-18 has been fairly similar in recent years. In both EU-28 and EA-18, the drop was most marked in 2009, the year of the biggest contraction in GDP. In 2010, tax revenue as a percentage of GDP was at its lowest point in the 1995-2012 period.
Tax revenue-to-GDP ratio: Denmark, Belgium and France show the highest ratios
In 2012, tax revenue (including social contributions) in the EU-28 stood at 40.6 % of GDP, and accounted for about 90 % of total government revenue. The ratio of tax revenue to GDP in the euro area (EA-18) was higher than in the EU-28, at 41.7 %. As figure 2 shows, the ratio of 2012 tax revenue to GDP was highest in Denmark, Belgium and France (49.1 %, 48.0 % and 47.0 % respectively); the lowest shares were recorded in Lithuania (27.5 % of GDP), Bulgaria (27.9 % of GDP) and Latvia (28.1 % of GDP).
In percentage points of GDP, the highest increases from 2011 to 2012 were recorded by Hungary (1.9 pp. of GDP), Greece (1.7 pp. of GDP), Italy (1.5 pp. of GDP), France (1.3 pp. of GDP) and Belgium (1.2 pp. of GDP). While Belgium, France and Italy are among the countries with a consistently high tax burden; the tax burdens of Hungary and Greece remain well below the EU average.
In Hungary, an increase in both absolute VAT revenue and personal income tax revenue (after a drop in 2011 due to the introduction of a new flat-rate system) were the main reasons for the increase in the tax-to-GDP ratio.
In Greece, absolute tax revenue continued to decrease in 2012. However, the further decrease in GDP in 2012 led to an increase in the tax-to-GDP ratio. While absolute increases are noted for taxes on income, other current taxes and imputed social contributions, decreases are observed for taxes on production and imports (reflecting the negative growth in output) and actual social contributions. New taxes, for example the tax on real estate introduced in 2011, helped to contain the decline in absolute tax revenue.
A decrease in the tax burden as a ratio to GDP was recorded by Portugal (-1.3 pp. of GDP), the United Kingdom and Slovakia (both -0.4 pp. of GDP), Sweden (-0.3 pp. of GDP), Lithuania (-0.2 pp. of GDP), Romania (-0.1 pp. of GDP) and Cyprus (-0.0 pp. of GDP), as well as Norway and Switzerland among the EFTA countries. All of these countries except Switzerland recorded an increase in absolute tax revenues.
Amongst the countries that joined the EU since 2004, Hungary and Slovenia had the highest tax revenue-to-GDP ratios in 2012, at 39.3 % and 37.9 % of GDP respectively. Even so, tax revenue in both countries remains lower than the EU average. It is interesting to note that the arithmetical average of the 28 EU countries is somewhat lower (at 37.1 %) than the GDP-weighted EU average (40.6 %), due to the relatively low levels of GDP (and therefore low weight) for some of the countries that have low tax revenue.
In 2012, tax revenue in absolute terms increased in 25 EU Member States
In absolute terms from 2011 to 2012, overall decreases in revenue from taxes and social contributions were only recorded by three Member States: Greece, Cyprus and Slovenia. Tax revenue increased in absolute terms in the other 25 Member States.
The effects of the economic and financial crisis on tax revenue from 2007 onwards are apparent. From its last spike in 2006, in the EU-28 the ratio of tax revenue to GDP decreased by 1.1 percentage points to 39.6 % in 2010, while the ratio for the EA-18 also decreased by 0.9 percentage points of GDP from its peak of 41.2 % in 2007 to 40.3 % in 2010. In 2011 and 2012, tax revenue in terms of GDP increased substantially, which was due to absolute tax revenue increasing along the same path as in the previous year and GDP growth being lower. This reflects pro-active tax measures taken by Member States during recent years to correct their government deficits, such as VAT rate increases and new taxes, for example bank levies and taxes on property. EA-18 tax revenue as a percentage of GDP remains at a higher level than EU-28 tax revenue (figure 1).
There are many reasons why government tax revenue varies from year to year. It would take a more in-depth analysis in order to explain the causes of such variations in particular countries. However, in general, the main reasons are changes in economic activity (affecting levels of employment, sales of goods and services, etc.) and in tax legislation (affecting tax rates, the tax base, thresholds, exemptions, etc.) affecting revenue as well as changes in the level of GDP. The crisis – together with measures of fiscal policy adopted in the countries – had a strong impact on the level and composition of tax revenue in 2009-2012, although the first effects had already become visible from the third quarter of 2008. It should be noted, that even when using accrual methods of recording, the effects of changes in legislation or economic activity tends to have a delayed impact on tax revenue.
Even in absolute terms, tax revenue fell in the EU and the euro area between 2008 and 2009 - for the first time in the period from 1995 onwards (see figure 3), before steadily rising again to surpass pre-crisis levels in 2011 in both areas. The proportional increase in tax revenue was higher than the proportional increase in GDP, which resulted in an increase in the tax-revenue-to-GDP ratio in both the EU and the euro area.
This recovery in tax revenue in most EU Member States can at least partly be attributed to active revenue-raising measures in some Member States, for example increases in the VAT rate, and the introduction of new taxes, such as bank and property taxes.
Direct taxes increased most in 2012, indirect taxes exceed pre-crisis levels
Tax revenue can be grouped into three main categories or types: indirect taxes defined as taxes linked to production and imports (such as value added taxes - VAT), direct taxes consisting of current taxes on income and wealth plus capital taxes, and social contributions that include actual social contributions (for paying into social security funds or other social insurance schemes) as well as imputed social contributions. In the ESA 95 classification, these categories correspond to the following transactions: taxes on production and imports (D.2), current taxes on income, wealth, etc. (D.5), capital taxes (D.91), social contributions (D.61) composed of actual social contributions (D.611) and imputed social contributions (D.612). Figure 4 shows the recent historical trend of D.2, D.5, and D.61 for the EU-27 relative to GDP.
In 2012 tax revenue in the EU-28 remained relatively equally distributed between social contributions (13.9 % of GDP), taxes on production and imports (13.4 %), and current taxes on income, wealth, etc. (12.6 %) (figure 4).
Because of differing national tax structures, indirect taxes, direct taxes and social contributions vary considerably in importance from country to country in terms of the tax revenue they generate.
For the euro area, a less even share of tax revenue was recorded among the main categories, with social contributions accounting for 15.9 % of GDP in 2012, taxes on production and imports for 13.3 % of GDP and current taxes on income, wealth, etc. accounted for the lowest share, at 12.9 % of GDP.
The EU-28 revenue share of social contributions increased noticeably in 2009, decreased slightly in 2010 and remained relatively stable in 2011. A slight increase in 2012 is noted.
However, for the EU-28, the share of current taxes on income, wealth, etc. has decreased from 2007, but showed an increase of 0.2 pp of GDP in 2011 and accelerated 0.4 pp of GDP in 2012. This could be primarily due to an increase in taxes on profits of corporations, rather than tax-raising measures – the increase in this component of D.5 is stronger than the one in income taxes on individual or household income. From 2008 to 2009 the share of direct taxes decreased more than GDP. During 2008 and 2009, the fall in direct taxes was more pronounced than the fall in indirect taxes. Direct taxes have also taken longer to recover. The main components of direct taxes are taxes on the income of individuals and corporations. In the crisis, taxes on the income or profits of corporations experienced a decline in 2008 and further decreased in 2009. Despite their lower relative weight in the tax burden, the decrease in 2009 was stronger than the decrease in taxes on individual or household income (which are affected by unemployment). This reflects the higher sensitivity of corporate profits to the economic climate and highlights the role of corporate income taxes as automatic stabilisers. The longer lag in recovery could also be partly due to taxation policies in many Member States allowing losses to be carried forward and offset against profits.
Taxes on production and imports have increased their share of total taxation from 2009 to 2012 and now exceed the 2007 level. This is at least partly due to increases in the VAT rates in many countries and the introduction of new taxes. Indirect taxes are expected to have a shorter lag in reaction to the renewed growth in output, an assumption supported by the increase from 2009 to 2010.
Taxes on production and imports (D.2) are divided into taxes on products (D.21), which are payable per unit of some good or service produced or transacted, and other taxes on production (D.29). Taxes on products are further split into value added type taxes (VAT; D.211), taxes and duties on imports excluding VAT (D.212) and taxes on products except VAT and import taxes (D.214). The most important type of taxes on production and imports is VAT. In 2012 in the EU 28, revenue from taxes on products accounted for about 83 % and VAT for around 53 % of the total taxes on production and imports. The highest ratios of taxes on production and imports relative to GDP were recorded in Sweden (18.7 %), Hungary (18.5 %) and Denmark (16.9 %), in line with the high overall level of taxation in Denmark and Sweden and with a high and increasing share also being recorded for Hungary. The strong increase in the tax burden for Hungary is mainly due to an increase in D.2. The lowest ratios of these indirect taxes were recorded for Spain (10.7 %), Slovakia (10.2 %) and Switzerland (6.5 %), the latter having a low overall level of taxation (please refer to table 2).
Current taxes on income, wealth, etc. (D.5) include taxes on income (D.51) and other current taxes (D.59). Taxes on income cover both taxes on individual or household income and the income or profits of corporations, and include taxes on holding gains. By far the highest importance of such taxes is noted for Denmark, which raised the equivalent of 30.4 % of GDP from these taxes in 2012. The comparatively high ratio for Denmark is because most welfare spending is financed via taxes on income and, consequently, the figures for actual social contributions are very low relative to other countries. The next-highest figures are recorded by Norway and Sweden, which raise 21.1 % and 18.3 % of GDP respectively from current taxes on income, wealth, etc. At the other end of the scale, Lithuania (4.9 % of GDP in 2012) and Bulgaria (5.0 % of GDP) had relatively small revenue from these taxes.
Actual social contributions (D.611) are the main component of social contributions. This source of government revenue covers the compulsory and voluntary contributions payable to government by employees, employers and self- and non-employed persons. It includes any amounts payable by government as an employer. Actual social contributions accounted for the highest ratios in GDP terms in France (17.0 %) and the Netherlands (16.0 %) and for the lowest shares in Denmark, Iceland and Ireland (0.9 %, 3.8 % and 4.4 % respectively). In Denmark, social transfers are mainly funded through tax receivables. In National Accounts, imputed social contributions (D.612) represent the counterpart of unfunded social benefits provided by government as an employer. In 2012 in terms of GDP, they accounted for 2.8 % in Greece, 2.6 % in Belgium and 2.5 % in Portugal, but for less than 0.1 % of GDP in twelve other EU and EFTA countries.
More detailed breakdowns of D.2, D.5 and D.611 by country for 2012 are shown in table 2. Besides the main tax revenue categories, figure 5 also shows two minor components that are included in the definition of tax revenue: capital taxes (D.91) and capital transfers from general government to relevant sectors, representing taxes and social contributions assessed but unlikely to be collected (D.995).
Capital taxes (D.91) are taxes levied at irregular and infrequent intervals on the net worth or value of assets owned, or transferred in the form of legacies or gifts. These taxes accounted for 0.2 % of GDP in the EU-28 in 2012, with low ratios mainly recorded for some of the new EU Member States and the Nordic countries. They range from 0.7 % of GDP in Belgium and 0.5 % in France and Hungary to being very small or non-existent in several countries. The high amounts in Hungary are due to a new tax on credit institutions introduced during 2010.
For the countries that (partially) use the assessment method of accrual recording (see methodological notes) a capital transfer is recorded from general government to other sectors of the economy. This represents taxes and social contributions assessed but unlikely to be collected (D.995), which have to be deducted from tax revenue in order to produce consistent data with countries that use the time-adjusted cash method. In 2012, for the EU-28, this adjustment amounted to 0.1 % of GDP, with the highest shares being registered for Spain (0.8 %), Denmark and France (both 0.2 %). High amounts recorded in this category cannot be interpreted as a country having a less efficient tax collection system, since countries adopting the different method will not have any amounts recorded in this category.
Data sources and availability
Reporting of data to Eurostat
Data are collected by Eurostat on the basis of the European system of national and regional accounts (ESA 95) transmission programme: table 0900, 'Detailed tax and social contributions receipts by type and receiving sub-sector'. The legal requirement for transmission of data by EU Member States is 9 months after the end of the calendar year. The data in this publication mainly correspond to the end-September 2013 transmission, with DK, IE, LU, SE and NO having updated their data since.
In all cases, the data are largely consistent with the ESA table 0200 'main aggregates of general government' data released on 22 October 2014 (which has been updated by a number of countries since) except for some differences for PL for years before 2007.
Data were extracted on 7 March 2014.
Provisional data
Data for Greece are labelled provisional for 2003-2012. Data for Croatia are labelled provisional for 2002-2012.
Definition of government
The data relate to the general government sector of the economy, as defined in ESA95, comprising the sub-sectors central government, state government (where applicable), local government, and social security funds (where applicable).
For the purpose of this article the term 'general government' also includes taxes collected on behalf of the EU institutions. Thus it presents all tax revenues collected at the EU level.
Definition of tax revenue
The definition used in this article is 'Total taxes and social contributions payable to general government, including those for government as an employer'. This corresponds to 'Indicator 4', the broadest of four indicators defined by the Eurostat National Accounts Working Group in June 2001. This indicator covers fully the series reported under table 0900 of the ESA 95 transmission programme. In particular it encompasses the wide diversity of social security systems in the EU.
The four indicators are defined as follows (the codes in brackets refer to ESA95 codes):
- taxes on production and imports (D.2)
- + current taxes on income, wealth, etc. (D.5)
- + capital taxes (D.91)
- - capital transfers from general government to relevant sectors representing taxes and social contributions assessed but unlikely to be collected (D.995)
- + compulsory actual social contributions (D.611) payable to the social security funds (S.1314)
= Indicator 1 (total taxes and compulsory social security contributions);
- + compulsory actual social contributions (D.611) payable to central government (S.1311), state government (S.1312), and local government (S.1313) subsectors as employers
= Indicator 2 (total taxes and compulsory actual social contributions payable to general government, including those for government as an employer);
- + imputed social contributions (D.612) payable to general government as an employer
= Indicator 3 (total taxes and compulsory social contributions payable to general government, including those for government as an employer);
- + voluntary actual social contributions payable to the general government sector
= Indicator 4 (total taxes and social contributions payable to general government, including those for government as an employer).
It has been found that, when comparing the four indicators, the trend in tax revenue is very similar. In terms of level of tax revenue, Indicator 4 is roughly one percentage point of GDP higher than the Indicator 2 measure. For a full analysis of tax structures, see the Eurostat / DG TAXUD joint publication 'Taxation trends in the European Union', 2013 edition.
Time of recording
According to ESA 95, taxes and social contributions should be recorded on an accrual basis. Council Regulation 2516/2000 details the rules to be followed on the time of recording and the amounts to be recorded. Two methods can be used:
- 'time-adjusted' cash − the cash is attributed when the activity took place to generate the tax liability or when the amount of taxes was determined in the case of some income taxes. This adjustment may be based on the average time difference between the activity and cash receipt;
- a method based on declarations and assessments. In this case, an adjustment needs to be made for amounts assessed or declared but unlikely to be collected. These amounts have to be eliminated from government revenue, either by using a tax-specific coefficient based on past experience and future expectations or by recording a capital transfer for the same adjustment (ESA 95 code D.995) to the relevant sectors.
ESA 95 classifications and codes
- D.21: Taxes on products
- D.211: Value added type taxes (VAT)
- D.212: Taxes and duties on imports excluding VAT
- D.214: Taxes on products, except VAT and import taxes
- D.29: Other taxes on production
- D.51: Taxes on income
- D.59: Other current taxes
- D.91: Capital Taxes
- D.611: Actual social contributions
- D.6111: Employers' actual social contributions
- D.6112: Employees' social contributions
- D.6113: Social contributions by self- and non-employed persons
- D.612: Imputed social contributions
- D.995: Capital transfers from general government to relevant sectors representing taxes and social contributions assessed but unlikely to be collected;
TOTAL (D.2_D.5_D.91_D.611_D.612_M_D.995): total receipts from taxes and social contributions (including imputed social contributions) after deduction of amounts assessed but unlikely to be collected;
Total general government revenue (TR) includes total taxes and social contributions as well as market output (P.11), output for final use (P.12), payments for other non-market output (P.131), other subsidies on production, receivable (D.39rec), property income, receivable (D.4rec), other current transfers, receivable (D.7rec) and capital transfers, receivable (D.9rec);
GDP at current prices (nominal GDP) is used throughout.
"-" 'not applicable', 'real zero' or 'zero by default
":" not available
"pp" percentage points
As a ratio of GDP, tax revenue (including social contributions) accounted for 40.6 % of GDP in the European Union (EU-28) and 41.7 % of GDP in the euro area (EA- 18). This represents an increase of 0.6 pp. of GDP in the EU-28 and 0.9 in the EA-18. In absolute terms, tax revenue in 2012 continued the growth from its low-point of 2010. From its 2006 peak, EU-28 tax revenue as a percentage of GDP had decreased every year until it started to increase in 2011. The 2012 ratio is the highest since 2001. For the EA-18, tax revenue as a percentage of GDP had decreased every year from its 2007 peak until it started to increase in 2011 and is now at its highest since 2000.
In 2012 tax revenue made up just under 90 % of total general government revenue in the European Union. Taxes on production and imports accounted for 13.6 % of GDP and current taxes on income, wealth, etc. were 12.9 % of GDP. Current taxes on income, wealth, etc. as a % of GDP decreased from 2007 to 2010, but a slight increase was seen in 2011 followed by a stronger increase in 2012. The share of social contributions remained relatively stable at 14.0 % of GDP in 2012.
See also
- Government expenditure by function – COFOG
- Government expenditure by sub-sector of general government
- Government finance statistics
- Government finance statistics - quarterly data
- Integrated government finance statistics presentation
- Structure of government debt
Further Eurostat information
- National Tax Lists - Excel publications
- Statistical book and Statistics in Focus series
- In the second quarter of 2013, the EU-27 seasonally adjusted government deficit decreased - Issue number 25/2013 - Statistics in Focus 25/2013
- In the first quarter of 2013, euro area and EU-27 seasonally adjusted government deficits decrease - Issue number 21/2013 - Statistics in Focus 21/2013
- The level of government expenditure on education varies between Member States - Issue number 12/2013 - Statistics in Focus 12/2013
- In the fourth quarter of 2012, euro area and EU-27 seasonally adjusted government deficits remain stable - Issue number 11/2013 - Statistics in Focus 11/2013
- Support for financial institutions increases government deficits in 2012 - Issue number 10/2013 - Statistics in Focus 10/2013
- General government expenditure in 2011 – Focus on the functions 'social protection' and 'health' - Issue number 9/2013 - Statistics in Focus 9/2013
- In the third quarter of 2012, euro area seasonally adjusted deficit remains stable, while EU-27 deficit increases - Issue number 3/2013 - Statistics in Focus 3/2013
- In 2011 tax revenues increased to 40.0% of GDP in the EU-27 and 40.8% of GDP in the EA-17 - Issue number 55/2012 - Statistics in Focus 55/2012
- Government expenditure by sub-sector of general government - Statistics in Focus 52/2012
- Structure of government debt in Europe in 2011 - Statistics in Focus 34/2012
- General government expenditure: Analysis by detailed economic function - Statistics in Focus 33/2012
- EU-27 government revenue and expenditure stood at 44.6% and 49.1% of GDP respectively in 2011 - Statistics in Focus 27/2012
- Government finance statistics – summary tables
- Taxation trends in the European Union – data for the EU Member States, Iceland and Norway - 2013 edition
Source data for tables and figures (MS Excel)
Main tables
- Annual government finance statistics (t_gov_a)
- Total general government revenue (tec00021)
- Total general government expenditure (tec00023)
- Taxes on production and imports (tec00020)
- Current taxes on income, wealth, etc. (tec00018)
- Social contributions (tec00019)
- Annual government finance statistics (gov_a)
- Government revenue, expenditure and main aggregates (gov_a_main)
- General government expenditure by function (COFOG) (gov_a_exp)
- Main national accounts tax aggregates (gov_a_tax_ag)
Dedicated section
Methodology / Metadata
- Government revenue, expenditure and main aggregates (ESMS metadata file — gov_a_main_esms)
- Main national accounts tax aggregates (ESMS metadata file — gov_a_tax_ag_esms)
Other information
- European Commission - DG Taxation and Customs Union:
- Database of main taxes in Europe
- Website dedicated to the Taxation trends report, including the full methodological annex to the Taxation trends report and the National Tax Lists for the 2013 edition of the Taxation trends report.