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Symmetry 2014, 6(1), 111-147; doi:10.3390/sym6010111
Abstract: During the Tevatron data-taking period from April 2001 to September 2011 (Run-II), several searches for supersymmetric particles were performed. The results from searches by the CDF and DØ collaborations are concisely reviewed. This includes results up to the summer conferences of 2013. Model-independent and model-dependent limits on new particle production are set, and interpretations in supersymmetric models are given. Several limits from the Large Electron Positron (LEP) era have been extended. Specific results are placed into the context of the Tevatron performance expectations and a few of the current results from searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
1. Introduction
The search for supersymmetric particles was pioneered at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and Large Electron Positron (LEP) colliders at CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire) and has been extensively advanced at the Tevatron (chiefly Run-II with data taken 2001–2011). A wide range of analyses is presented, illustrating major improvements in the analysis sensitivities. This review is not inclusive of all searches for supersymmetric particles, but rather, is intended to give an overview of several important results and relating them to the underlying theoretical framework. For details of specific experimental analysis techniques and the event selections of the individual search channels, the reader is referred to the publications by the CDF and DØ collaborations. After the first few years of data-taking with rather low instantaneous luminosity, the Tevatron collider achieved significantly higher collision rates in the second half of Run-II. The total delivered luminosity is about 12 fb−1, of which about 10 fb−1 were recorded by each experiment. Figure 1 [1] shows the delivered Run-II luminosity between 2001 and 2011.
The discovery of a supersymmetric particle would extend the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics and lead the way to a new level of understanding of the fundamental elements of our Universe.
Supersymmetric particle searches at the Tevatron are reviewed for di-photon signatures in the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) interpretation (Section 2.1), tri-lepton signatures (Section 2.2), gluinos and scalar quarks (Section 2.3), scalar tops (Section 2.4), scalar bottoms (Section 2.5) and charged massive particles (Section 2.6). In Section 3, first, LHC results [2] are compared with the Tevatron results, and a brief outlook is given. An overview of the reviewed analyses is given in the Appendix A.
2. Supersymmetric Particle Searches at the Tevatron
In the production of supersymmetric particles (sparticles), the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is stable (if the so-called R-parity is conserved) and escapes detection, leading to missing momentum and missing energy in the recorded events. Examples of such events are shown in Figure 2 [3–5]. The events reported by the DØ and CDF collaborations have jets and large missing energy (for DØ [3,4], large HT is defined as the sum of the transverse jet momenta, and for CDF [5], it is defined as the sum of the transverse jet energies).
Previous combined results from the LEP experiments have set limits on several sparticles with masses close to the kinematic reach. Figure 3 [6] shows the excluded region in the tan β versus LSP mass plane in the Minimal Supersymmetric extentions of the Standard Model (MSSM) and in the Gauge Mediated Symmetry Breaking (GMSB) model. The position in the GMSB parameter space of an intriguing CDF eeγγ candidate from the Tevatron Run-I is indicated (dashed line) [7]. The GMSB interpretation for this event was later excluded at 95% Confidence Level (CL) by the LEP experiments.
2.1. Di-Photon (GMSB Interpretation)
In the GMSB model, chargino-neutralino production has been searched for by the CDF and DØ collaborations. In the GMSB model, the lightest neutralino, , is the Next-to-Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (NLSP) and decays to a gravitino, G̃, and a photon. In this model, the LSP is the gravitino, which is a very light and weakly interacting particle. The production reaction is illustrated in Figure 4. The expected signal can be well separated from the background events [8]. There is no indication of a signal in the early data, and combined limits on the chargino mass from CDF [9] and DØ [8] were given [10]. Large progress has been made in recent years, and the results using 6.3 fb−1 for DØ and 2.6 fb−1 for CDF are shown in Figures 5 [11] and 6 [12]. The experimental sensitivity on the production cross-section at 95% CL is now, below 7 fb. As a result, in the SPS8 (Snowmass Points and Slopes, parameters in scenario 8) benchmark, the DØ collaboration excluded an effective Supersymmetry breaking scale below 124 TeV at 95% CL, as well as the lightest neutralino and lightest chargino masses below 175 GeV and 330 GeV, respectively. A search for a long-lived particle that decays into a pair of photons resulted in a 95% CL lower mass limit of 101 GeV on the lightest neutralino at a 5-ns lifetime [13]. Recently, updated results for searches for massive, long-lived particles that decay to photons in the exclusive photon and missing energy final state have been reported by the CDF collaboration [14]. Figure 7 shows a simulated signal and the experimental measurement. No indication of a signal is observed.
2.2. Tri-Lepton Signatures
The sparticle production with a tri-lepton final state is illustrated in Figure 8. This scenario is called "Supersymmetry golden mode" because of the small expected background level. As an example, Figure 9a shows early results for the μμℓ final state [15–18]. Furthermore, the other tri-lepton final states (eμℓ, eeℓ, eτ, μτ) were studied. Good agreement between data and simulated background for the various final states with tri-lepton signatures was observed. The data does not show any indication of a supersymmetric signal above the background.
With increasing luminosities, the expectations from 2005 for the chargino mass reach were 170, 210, 235 and 265 GeV with one, two, four and 8 fb−1, respectively, for a scenario with a maximal leptonic branching ratio, as shown in Figure 9b [19].
Examples of the updated DØ results with 2.3 fb−1 are shown in Figure 10 [20] and CDF results in Figure 11 [21,22]. With 5.8 fb−1 CDF data, a chargino mass below 168 GeV is excluded at 95% CL in the minimal SUperGRAvity (mSUGRA) model. The CDF collaboration also searched for final states involving tau leptons. Results from these searches are shown in Figures 12 and 13 [23,24].
2.3. Gluinos and Scalar Quarks
Depending on the masses of squarks and gluinos, either , g̃g̃ or q̃g̃ could be produced. For gluinos heavier than squarks, squark pair-production dominates, leading to a signature of two acoplanar jets and missing energy from the escaping neutralino. If the squarks are heavier than the gluinos, gluino pair-production is expected, leading to four or more jets. If both masses are about equal, squark-gluino production is expected. Figure 14 [25] shows a summary of the production cross-sections for different reactions involving supersymmetric particles. The mass range for a cross-section of about 1 pb is largest for scalar quark pair-production. The figure also shows the mass limits from early results with 0.3 fb−1 [3,4] and sensitivity expectations for two, four and 8 fb−1 luminosity per experiment [19].
These expectations are compared to the results from analyses with higher data statistics. Results from DØ with 2.1 fb−1 are shown in Figures 1516 and 17 [26], and results from CDF with 2.0 fb−1 are shown in Figures 18 and 19 [27]. For both experiments, the achieved sensitivity for gluino masses is about 300 GeV at 95% CL for large squark masses. This is consistent with the expectations from 2005 (Figure 14b [19]). No indication of a signal is observed, and limits are set in the (mg̃, mq̃) and (m0,m1/2) planes.
2.4. Scalar Tops
Scalar top quarks (stops) decay almost instantly. The most important decay modes in the Tevatron kinematic reach are illustrated in Figure 20. The signature of pair-production of light scalar top quarks is characterized by two c-quark jets and missing energy in the decay mode. In 2005 (0.163 fb−1 analyzed luminosity), the experimental cross-section sensitivity approached the expected signal cross-section (Figure 21a [36,37]) at a stop mass of about 110 GeV.
Higher luminosity was required to reach sensitivity for the scalar top mass of up to about 160 to 180 GeV, as shown in Figure 21b [36,37]. Scalar top results from the DØ collaboration with 1 fb−1 for the mode are shown in Figure 22 [38]. Results from the CDF collaboration with 2.6 fb−1, including the development of the excluded stop-neutralino mass region, are shown in Figures 23 and 24 [39].
As seen in Figure 24b, a minimum stop-neutralino mass difference of at least about 35 GeV is required for sensitivity at 95% CL. This is in contrast to e+e− colliders, like the LEP [6] or the International Linear Collider (ILC) [40,41], which have also sensitivity for small mass differences.
In the first part of this section, the mode was addressed. In the following, the mode reviewed. An early DØ search for the reaction was performed with 0.339 fb−1 data, and the results are shown in Figure 25 [45]. Updated DØ results for the search in the electron plus muon and di-electron final states were released by the DØ collaboration for 1.0 fb−1 data [46]. CDF scalar top quark search results with 1.0 fb−1 for the ee, eμ, and μμ, channels are shown in Figures 26 and 27 [47] for the mode. Recent results from DØ with 5.4 fb−1 are shown in Figures 28 and 29 [48] for the eμ, final state.
The DØ collaboration searched for reactions involving τ leptons ( and ) using 7.3 fb−1. Three neural networks are trained to identify tau decays corresponding to τ± → π±ν(τ1), τ± → π±π0ν(τ2), and τ± → π±π±π∓ (π0)ν (τ3). Two signal points are chosen [mt̃1, mν̃] = (180,60) GeV and (120,80) GeV, labeled "Signal A" and "Signal B" in the following, to illustrate the impact of the selection criteria for large mt̃1 and Δm (Signal A) and for low mt̃ and Δm (Signal B). The selection results are shown in Figure 30 for the higgsino scenario. Limits are shown in Figure 31 for the wino and higgsino scenarios [49].
2.5. Scalar Bottoms
In the kinematic reach under investigation, decays are expected, leading to two b-jets and missing energy in the final state of sbottom pair-production. In order to demonstrate the progress at the Tevatron, first, the early results are shown. The DØ missing ET and mass limits in the sbottom-neutralino plane are shown in Figure 32 [52,53] for 0.31 fb−1. Recent CDF results with 2.65 fb−1 are shown in Figure 33 [54], and results from the DØ collaboration with 5.2 fb−1 are shown in Figure 34 [55]. The signal topology of two b-quarks and missing energy is identical to the one from the Higgs boson search pp̄ → ZH → νν̄bb̄ [56–58].
The increase of the sensitivity and the extension of the excluded region to higher sbottom masses are illustrated. Note that in Figure 34b for a 100 GeV sbottom mass, sensitivity is achieved for a mass difference of about 30 GeV, and for a 150 GeV sbottom for a mass difference of about 50 GeV In contrast to these large values, the LEP e+e− collider achieved sensitivity over the whole kinematic reach for a mass difference close to
2.6. Charged Massive Particles
Many quasi-stable particles could appear in supersymmetric models (In particular, the next to lightest supersymmetric particle can have a long lifetime). Searches for quasi-stable particles were performed and interpretations given in several supersymmetric models. The production of stable scalar tau leptons would result in a signature in the detector similar to a pair of muons, but with mass and speed inconsistent with the production of muons. The speed β = υ/c of these charged massive particles is expected to be significantly different compared to muons, as shown in Figure 35a [59]. In the nearly mass-degenerate neutralino-chargino scenario, which occurs naturally in the anomaly-mediated symmetry breaking (AMSB) model, limits are shown on the chargino mass (Figure 35b). Figure 35c shows an example in the MSSM when the chargino is higgsino-like.
Recent results from the DØ collaboration with 5.2 (6.3) fb−1 luminosity exclude a pair-produced long-lived gaugino-like chargino below 267 (278) GeV and higgsino-like charginos below 217 (244) GeV at 95% CL [60,61], as well as long-lived scalar top quarks with mass below 285 GeV These results are shown in Figures 36 and 37.
The scalar top quarks can have a distinct signature, since they appear in charged or neutral stop hadrons. These hadrons may flip their charge as they pass through the detector. In the simulation, approximately 60% of stop hadrons are charged following initial hadronization, i.e., 84% of the events will have at least one charged stop hadron. Furthermore, scalar top hadrons may flip their charge through nuclear interactions, as they pass through material.
It is assumed that stop hadrons have a probability of 2/3 of being charged after multiple nuclear interactions and anti-stop hadrons, a probability of 1/2 of being charged, consistent with the numbers of possible scalar top and anti-stop hadronic final states. CDF performed a search for long-lived charged massive particles produced in 1.0 fb−1 using a high transverse-momentum pT muon trigger. The search sets an upper bound on the production cross-section. Interpreting this result within the context of a stable scalar top-quark model resulted in a lower limit at 95% CL on the particle mass of 249 GeV, as shown in Figure 38 [62].
In 2005, it was planned that the LHC would operate up to 14 TeV, which is about seven times the center-of-mass energy of the Tevatron. Sensitivity prospects for discovering supersymmetric particles were given for this LHC operation scenario. In the first stage, the LHC operated at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy in 2011, increasing to 8 TeV in 2012. Although the corresponding production cross-sections are reduced compared to the design center-of-mass energy, the increased LHC energy compared to the Tevatron greatly extends the reach to discover new particles.
In the search for supersymmetric particles, the LHC has great potential at 14 TeV for a discovery within a short period of data-taking. In order to compare the long-term expectations and the actual achieved sensitivities, an example from 2005 of the expectations at 14 TeV to discover supersymmetry is shown in Figure 39 [63], assuming the mSUGRA model. A variety of supersymmetric reactions are in reach of the LHC sensitivity. While a signature from supersymmetry cannot escape detection at the LHC, determining the precise model structure is a very challenging task. Further precision measurements would be possible at a linear collider, as reviewed, for example, in [64,65]. It will be particular difficult for the LHC to determine the relevant scalar top parameters in the cosmologically interesting region of stop-neutralino co-annihilation, where a future linear collider can perform more precise measurements [40,41].
The first LHC results allow, in some cases, a direct comparison with the Tevatron results. Two examples of LHC search results are used for this comparison, first, searches with di-photons and, second, searches for scalar quarks.
As reviewed for the Tevatron (Section 2.1), the LHC results (ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC Apparatus) [66]) are also presented for a specific scenario in the framework of the supersymmetric model, the SPS8 benchmark for gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking. Similar results were obtained by CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) [67]. Table 1 compares the limits on the excluded effective Supersymmetry breaking scale, the lightest neutralino mass and the lightest chargino mass between the DØ results (6.3 fb−1 data taken at 1.96 TeV) and the ATLAS results (1.07 fb−1 data taken at 7 TeV). It is interesting to note that the LHC superseded the limits with about 1/6 of the luminosity collected at the Tevatron. Figures 5 and 40 show the missing ET distributions, as well as the SPS8 limits for the Tevatron (DØ) and LHC (ATLAS), respectively.
In the following, the Tevatron results for squark-gluino searches are compared with recent LHC results. The LHC results are also placed into the context of the 14 TeV sensitivity predictions (Figure 39). The squark-gluino searches presented here rely on the separation of QCD background and supersymmetric signal events with a multi-jet and missing energy characteristic. In order to achieve this, a so-called razor variable is defined by the CMS collaboration, which gives the name to this analysis [68]. For the ATLAS collaboration, the ratio, , is used for the separation of signal and background, where HT is the scalar sum of the jet momenta [69]. It is a measure of the significance of the ɆT in the event. No indication of a signal was observed. The resulting limits in the (m0, m1/2) plane are shown in Figure 41 in the framework of the mSUGRA model (constrained MSSM, CMSSM). The early result from ATLAS nicely displays the increase in sensitivity compared to the Tevatron results (as given in Figure 17 for DØ with 2.1 fb−1 and in Figure 19 for CDF with 2.0 fb−1). Recently, ATLAS and CMS published updated results with about 20 fb−1 data, each taken at 8 TeV [70,71]. Thus, the lower Tevatron gluino mass limit increased from about 300 GeV (CDF [27], DØ [26]) to a current LHC mass limit above about 1.1 TeV (ATLAS [70], CMS [71]). The LHC has already largely extended the excluded parameter region of supersymmetric models compared to the Tevatron results. This extension is mostly due to the about 3.5–4.0 times higher center-of-mass energy at the LHC. It is also remarkable that first LHC results with 4.7 fb−1 data taken at 7 TeV (2011 running period) excluded a parameter region quite similar to the sensitivity prediction for 1 fb−1 at 14 TeV (Figure 39).
The search for scalar top quarks allows a direct comparison between the Tevatron and the first LHC results. At the Tevatron, a scalar top quark mass was excluded up to about 180 GeV (for example, CDF Figure 24 [39] 2.6 fb−1 at 2 TeV), while at the LHC for small mass values of the lightest supersymmetric particle, scalar top quark mass values up to around 650 GeV are excluded (for example, CMS Figure 42 [72] 19.5 fb−1 at 8 TeV).
4. Conclusions
The search at the Tevatron for supersymmetric particles was characterized as an era of sensitivity increases compared to the previous results at LEP and a preparation phase for the LHC operation. Results from the Tevatron are reviewed in the context of sensitivity improvements over the last, about, eight years (2005 to 2013). The sensitivity predictions from 2005 agree remarkably well with the achieved results using the full Tevatron dataset. The Tevatron results show impressive progress in sensitivity for supersymmetric signatures involving di-photons, tri-leptons, scalar quarks and gluinos, scalar top and scalar bottom quarks and for charged massive particles. These scientific advances are also based on many new and optimized search techniques and methods, which are directly applicable to current searches at the LHC. The first LHC results based on seven and 8 TeV center-of-mass energies are compared with the 14 TeV LHC predictions from 2005; and they agree well, taking into account the reduced operation energy in the first LHC stage. Examples of Tevatron and initial LHC results have been compared, and the LHC has much extended the sensitivity with respect to the Tevatron results from the 100 GeV scale to the terascale. The achieved experimental Tevatron results show that sensitivities can be reliably predicted for long-term planning of future performances at particle colliders. At the Tevatron, a major step towards discovering supersymmetry or ruling it out was made, and the LHC has taken over this exciting field of research.
I would like to thank the colleagues from the LEP, Tevatron and LHC communities for fruitful discussions and for giving suggestions for this review. In particular, I would like to express my thanks to Anna Lipniacka and David Toback for their detailed comments on the manuscript.
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares no conflict of interest.
Appendix: Overview of Reviewed Analyses
|Table A1. Overview of the analyses included in this review.
|Search reaction
|Final state
|ℒ (fb−1)
|Ref. note spring 2005
|ℒ (fb−1)
|Ref. note update
|γγ + ɆT
|0.202 + 0.263
|0504004 [10]
|γγ + ɆT
|1008.2133 [11]
|γγ + ɆT
|0910.3606 [12]
|τℓℓ + ɆT
|4740 [15]
|eτℓ + ɆT
|4741 [16]
|μτtℓ + ɆT
|4742 [17]
|ee(eμ)(/μμ)(μτ)ℓ + ɆT
|0901.0646 [20]
|ee(μμ) + ɆT
|10636 [22]
|eτ (μτ) + ɆT
|10611 [23]
|jets+ ɆT
|4737 [3,4]
|jets+ ɆT
|0712.3805 [26]
|jets+ ɆT
|0811.2512 [27]
|c-jets+ ɆT
|7457 [36]
|c-jets+i ɆT
|0803.2263 [38]
|c-jets+ ɆT
|9834 [39]
|bbμμ + ɆT
|4866 [45]
|bb̄ee(eμμ) + ɆT
|0811.0459 [46]
|→ ν̃ℓ+ b ν̃ℓ +b
|bb̄eμ + ɆT
|1009.5950 [48]
|bb̄ee(eμ)(μμ) + ɆT
|1009.0266 [47]
|bb̄μτ(ττ) + ɆT
|1202.1978 [49]
|bb̄ + ɆT
|4832 [52]
|bb̄ + ɆT
|1005.2222 [55]
|1005.3600 [54]
|"heavy μμ"
|4746 [59]
|"heavy μμ"
|1110.3302 [60]
|"heavy μμ"
|1211.2466 [61]
|"heavy μμ"
|0902.1266 [62]
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- Freitas, A.; Milsténe, C.; Schmitt, M.; Sopczak, A. A method for the precision mass measurement of the stop quark at the International Linear Collider. JHEP 2008, 09, 076, doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2008/09/076.
- LEP SUSY Working Group (ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL Collaborations). Combined LEP Stop and Sbottom Results 183-208 GeV. Note LEPSUSYWG/04-02.1. 2004. Available online: http://lepsusy.web.cern.ch (accessed on 30 December 2013).
- CDF Collaboration. Search for Direct Pair Production of Supersymmetric Top and Supersymmetric Bottom Quarks in pp̄ Collisions at . Phys. Rev. D 2007, 76, 072010, doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.76.072010.
- DØ Collaboration. Search for the pair production of scalar top quarks in the acoplanar charm jet topology in pp̄ collisions at . Phys. Lett. B 2007, 645, 119–127, doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2006.12.024.
- DØ Collaboration. Search of the lightest scalar top decays at DØ. Available online: http://www-d0.fnal.gov/Run2PhysicsAVWW/results/prelim/NP/N35/N35.pdf (accessed on 13 March 2014).
- DØ Collaboration. Search for the lightest scalar top quark in events with two leptons in pp collisions at . Phys. Lett. B 2009, 675, 289–296, doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2009.04.039.
- CDF Collaboration. Search for the Supersymmetric partner of the top quark in pp̄ collisions at . Phys. Rev. D , 82, doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.82.092001.
- DØ Collaboration. Search for pair production of the scalar top quark in the electron+muon final state. Phys. Lett. B 2011, 696, 321–327, doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.12.052.
- DØ Collaboration. Search for pair production of the scalar top quark in muon+tau final states. Phys. Lett. B 2012, 710, 578–586, doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.03.028.
- DØ Collaboration. Search for 3- and 4-body decays of the scalar top quark in pp̄ collisions at . Phys. Lett. B 2004, 581, 147–155, doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2003.12.001.
- Nakamura, K. Review of particle physics. J. Phys. G 2010, 37, 075021, doi:10.1088/0954-3899/37/7A/075021.
- DØ Collaboration. Search for Direct Production of Scalar Bottom Quarks with the DØ Detector in pp̄ Collisions at . Available online: http://www-d0.fnal.gov/Run2Physics/WWW/results/prelim/NP/N34/N34.pdf (accessed on 13 March 2014).
- DØ Collaboration. Search for pair production of scalar bottom quarks in pp̄ collisions at . Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006, 97, 171806, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.171806.
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- Paige, F.E. SUSY signatures at LHC. In Czech. J. Phys., Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Supersymmety and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY'02), Hamburg, Germany, 17–23 June 2002; 2005; 55, pp. B185–B196.
- Sopczak, A. Exploring Supersymmetry at a Future Global e+e−Linear Collider. Proceedings of the Talk at the 11th International Conference on Supersymmety and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY'03), Supersymmetry in the Desert, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, 5–10 June 2003; Available online: http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0403087 (accessed on 13 March 2014).
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- CMS Collaboration. Search for Supersymmetry in Events with Photons and Missing Transverse Energy. CMS-PAS-SUS-12-001, 2012. JHEP 2013, 03, 111, doi:10.1007/JHEP03(2013)111.
- CMS Collaboration. Inclusive Search for Supersymmetry Using Razor Variables in pp Collisions at 7 TeV. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 111, 081802, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.081802.
- ATLAS Collaboration. Search for New Phenomena in Final States with Large Jet Multiplicities and Missing Transverse Momentum using pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector. JHEP 2011, 11, 099, doi:10.1007/JHEP11(2011)099.
- ATLAS Collaboration. Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum at proton-proton collisions using the ATLAS experiment. JHEP 2013, 10, 130, doi:10.1007/JHEP10(2013)130.
- CMS Collaboration. Search for SUSY using razor variables in events with b-jets in pp collisions at 8 TeV. Available online: https://cds.cern.ch/record/1596446/files/SUS-13-004-pas.pdf (accessed on 13 March 2014).
- CMS Collaboration. Search for top-squark pair production in the single lepton final state in pp collisions at 8 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C 2013, 73, 2677, doi:10.1140/epjc/sl0052-013-2677-2.
|Table 1. Di-photon results for the SPS8 benchmark from the Tevatron (DØ with 6.3 fb−1 data taken at 1.96 TeV) and the LHC (ATLAS with 1.07 fb−1 data taken at 7 TeV). The limits on the effective Supersymmetry breaking scale, Λ, the lightest neutralino mass, , and the lightest chargino mass, , are given at 95% CL.
|Accelerator (Experiment)
|Λ (GeV)
|Tevatron (DØ)
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).


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Situated on the edge of Uttoxeter and close to the racecourse, High View Cottage offers comfortable, well-equipped accommodation and a friendly atmosphere. Bedrooms are equipped with lots of thoughtfu...More about High View Cottage
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Just For Fun
Jenkins figure is available in shapewaysSubmitted by kohsuke on Mon, 2014-07-28 11:25 Tweet
Some time ago, we've built Jenkins bobble head figures. This was such a huge hit that everywhere I go, I get asked about them. The only problem was that it cannot be individually ordered, and we didn't have enough cycles to individually sell and ship them for those who wanted them.
So I decided to have the 3D model of Mr.Jenkins built, which would allow anyone to print them via 3D printer. I comissioned akiki, a 3D model designer, to turn our beloved butler into a fully-digital color-printable figure. He was even kind enough to discount the price with the understanding that this is for an open-source project.
The result was IMHO excellent, and when I finally came back to my house yesterday from a two-weeks trip, I found it delivered to my house:


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This well presented Victorian house is just a few minutes' walk from Whitby's golden sands and the quaint streets of its historic harbour area. The contemporary bedrooms vary in size with a choice of ...More about Sandpiper Guest House
Commanding magnificent views across a peaceful valley and the forest beyond, this Edwardian house showcases many original features combined with modern art. Bedrooms offer good all-round comfort and g...More about Troutsdale Lodge
Built originally in the 1850s and enjoying a prominent position in a conservation area, Argyle House is a short walk from Whitby's town centre, harbour and beaches. Recently restored, there are a rang...More about Argyle House
The speciality seafood restaurant on the first floor is the focus of this listed building in a small coastal village north west of Whitby. The seasonal menu is based on local fresh local ingredients, ...More about Estbek House
The Firs is a spacious, family-run property located in the picturesque village of Runswick on the stunning North Yorkshire coast. The house is just eight miles north of Whitby and is on the edge of th...More about The Firs
This friendly guest house is just a short walk from the beautiful beach and Whitby Pavilion on the picturesque West Cliff, and is also convenient for shops, caf�s and restaurants. The range of attract...More about Boulmer Guest House
The Wilson Arms is set in the picturesque village of Sneaton on the way to Whitby. It is a traditional inn with open fires, real ale and really friendly service. Home-cooked food from the proprietors ...More about The Wilson Arms


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- News
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Kafr al-Sheikh Criminal Court reduced the sentences of eleven convicted rapists Tuesday, handing them prison terms on appeal instead of the death penalty.
The men were convicted in 2010 and sentenced to death for abducting a woman at gunpoint in 2006 from her home in a Kafr al-Sheikh neighborhood and gang raping her in an agricultural area.
During the appeal trial, the court sentenced three suspects to life, five to 15 years in prison, one to seven years of hard labor and another to five years in prison.
Edited translation from Al-Masry al-Youm


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Dell battles HP to trash Mother Earth
HP's ongoing bid to trash Mother Earth by putting small things in really big boxes and, if possible, strapping those to a pallet continues apace, as witnessed by NZ-based Eugene Chan, who recently made the mistake of ordering a licence key from the world's biggest consumer of cardboard: Courtesy of HP: One DVD in a big box …
That award.
Makes perfect sense to me.
"Environmental design". It all appears to be cardboard and paper (no bubble wrap here and a pile of fail to Dell on that one), so certainly recyclable and the stuff may even be sourced from sustainable / recycled resources. Tick in box one.
"Exceptional". Yup. I'd be prepared to go to "astonishing" or even "outrageous" meself. Tick in box two.
"Waste management". There's enough here to drive an entire industry recyling HP boxes alone. Tick in box three.
Am I missing something?
I can see how they got their environmental award - they never through anything away. Instead it gets used as packaging material, which gets sent to everyone else who then has to throw HPs rubbish away for them.
Ridiculous. Also goes to show that these awards are worth less than Gordon Brown's recent raft of economic policies...
The reason for those huge boxes is so simple
If you start with outrageous packaging habits, it is so very easy to cut back 10% and still have the biggest boxes in the world. And win awards for your heroic battle to save the world...
While those who have sent their licence keys in e-mails for years and keep doing so will be punished for not doing anything for the environment.
Cynical? Me?
I'm with Rob
I think Amazon are concerned people may get that wee forest in South America mixed up with them and so are determined to wipe it out. I ordered a HP Deskjet from them and ordered a USB cable whilst I was at it. The box containing the printer was at least twice the size of the printer itself and had been padded with paper to stop the printer sliding about.
However, rather than throwing the USB cable in with the printer (after all, there was loads of room) they put the cable in a box THE SAME SIZE AS THE OTHER ONE!!! This, too, was then padded with paper to stop the cable rattling around.
I wouldn't mind so much but we only get our rubbish collected every fortnight. Between the two boxes and all that paper we half filled our wheelie bin!
Petrol Taxes
Of course, all this driving around in vans, dropping stuff off all over the place (headless chicken logistics) like it's a rounding error in the cost of the whole affair, could be curtailed somewhat by making the price of petrol reflect the cost a bit more accurately (especially the long-term cost). But then there'd be squealing from "the business lobby" and Jeremy Clarkson because people would have to get their shit together, and that's the last thing these people want to have to do.
My experience with Dell warranty support...
Had an issue with a laptop and while I was on the phone, decided to see if I could get 3 extra sets of rubber feet for our Dell machines, as they shed them like crazy. After (I thought) competently explaining what I needed, I hung up the phone. The next day, I receive three keyboard-sized boxes via overnight freight. I open the first box, and amidst much packing material is... ONE rubber foot, perfectly centered in the box. I open the second box and it contains ONE rubber foot, also perfectly centered. Sensing a pattern developing, I open the third box. Does it contain another rubber foot? No, this box contains a small philips screwdriver and nothing else. I have to admit that the bizarreness of it made my day. The situation was resolved with Dell on the phone the next day.
A month later, I receive a message from a Dell rep asking why I haven't returned the defective parts (rubber feet!)---they'd included a pre-paid return label with the shipment.
You forgot Microsoft
It was a few years ago I hasten to say and I haven't got any photographic evidence, but when I placed an order for an evaluation pack from Microsoft, a parcel duly arrived by courier the very next day. Fantastic, I thought as I rummaged through the air-bubble packing, and arrived at a glossy cardboard box, and within that was a sturdy plastic case with an even glossier label and so on. I was getting quite excited by this time but the disappointment was devastating when the case contained all but a credit-card sized piece of the same glossy, plasticised card, in its own moulded compartment, giving me a phone number to call to complete my order for the evaluation pack.
This subsequently arrived a couple of weeks later, by courier, in a dirty cardboard box but it was packed to the brim with CDs. In a way I guess the blandness of the second delivery made up for the unnecessary packaging of the first and kept the courier in business. Well done Microsoft.
I often order electronic components from them; (Farnell) and have know boxes (printer sized) to arrive with bubble wrap... containing two boxes; each containing 150 1kOhm resistors. Another example: 20x20x50cm box containing.... a spray can. And each is UPS express delivered across europe and considerable (non-negiotiable) price.
HP iLO Advanced Pack
This one was always a corker. This was a licence key in a DVD case, frequently sent in a cardboard box with bubble wrap.
So, for something that could be emailed, or posted in an envelope (if you trust our honest postal system.....), you were getting loads of packaging with practically nothing in it.
Paris? Well, HP backwards for one, and she'd know how to receive a package in her mailbox....
Well, I can't really complain too badly about the memory. Maybe one center only had one stick? They could have either made the person wait, while they moved RAM from one center to the other anyway (i.e. not saving any actual fuel), or ship the two seperately. It is a little funny that the delivery people at the end didn't put them on the same truck.. they make real sure to do that here to save truck mileage and time (since "time is money").
These others, they are a little silly I must admit.. especially the boxes with one rubber foot apiece.
Paris, she is quite puzzled by these packages I'm sure.
My cat loves these environment busting practices. More boxes and sheets of plastic for him to play in, y'know.
your all looking at this the wrong way..
Its not big boxes for small items, its new shelters for the homeless. I think HP are very forward thinking looking after the safety of the parts and the welfare of the needy at the same.
Have you also noticed that some of the sleeved bubble wrapped packaging just happen to be hand size? Perfect as gloves for those cold London nights.
Hilton just because she's a tramp
HP Monitor Return
We recently received a new monitor from HP in a nice shiny well packaged box. We also received a second completely empty box (at a cost of £20 mind you) which contained just more packing, just in case we ever wanted to send the monitor back to HP. I can tell you we were all very amused in our office. Why the box the monitor came in wasn't up to the high standards of HP for returns i'll never know. Quite obviously they knew their monitor was crap in the first place and everyone who bought one would immediately want to send it back!! Apparently though, if we send the empty box back, we can get our money back (I can just hear the van miles piling up on the M6 now!)
Distribution Containment OEM Professional here
(...yes, I worked in a cardboard box factory as a student summer job in the late 80s.) Handy tip: cardboard packaging arrives at the packee's establishment as flat sheets of board, optionally folded over once and secured with a line of stout steel staples down the seam in the case of really huge boxes for e.g. 42" plasma tellys. (One perk of that job - as many cardboard boxes as you could strap to the roofrack of your Lada! I still have an incredibly sturdy 80cm^3 box bearing the once-proud legend "Sony Black Trinitron 21"; with a sheet of blockboard laid over the open top it makes an ideal coffee table in my stylish contemporary lounge/diner/bed/sit/study. ) Anyway, what starts out flat can usually be easily and quickly returned to that state by reversing the erection process... simply pop Tab A *out* of Slot B, rotate box, rinse and repeat until the reciprocal origami process produces - voila! - a nice flat sheet of board. This then slides comfortably into your metabox of flattened cardboard ready for recycling. It does bugger all good for the environment, but it stops the damn kids whining at you.
the idea of saving the van miles is a bit flawed...
shipping companies are always trying to shave time and fuel, given the chance they will do so.
i imagine that sending a van out of it's normal area to pick up the second stick would of actually cost more time and fuel, read: more money.
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text:
Funny pre-flight announcement
Похожие видео:
Автор Air Fleet Training Systems (5 месяцев)
Being a pilot is not always serious business… Funny pre-flight announcement
Автор Value Parking (5 месяцев)
Being a pilot is not always serious business… Funny pre-flight announcement
Автор JAMES T KIRK (1 месяц)
i love this guy
Автор JAMES T KIRK (1 месяц)
so if you dont liek the service you can kill yourslef at 30k feet real
Автор Lazlow Rave (6 месяцев)
oh noes. grammer polise! hahah!
Автор T Bragg (9 месяцев)
Insert 25 cents for the 1st minute of oxygen. There are fees for
everything now.
Автор football11248 (1 год)
I think I have that flight attendant from mdw to sjc.
Автор snareskillz (3 года)
@fuzzydeathray It is southwest. They are known for doing this
Автор jaec52609 (3 года)
wat airline was this? i obviously took the wrong airline when i
Автор Xi K1LLJ0Y iX (2 года)
Автор Xilstealth (2 года)
This guy is great. Why can't we have more flight attendants like him?
Автор Leanne Strong (2 года)
We do have seatbelts. They're not as dangerous as they look! lol.
Автор mikon222 (3 года)
Flight instructor is gay for sure...
Автор Mike Mcfall (1 год)
OMG I have had this guy as my attendant before!!! HE is HILARIOUSSSSSSSS
Автор dapav96 (2 года)
Haha it helps people pay attention too! :D
Автор squiddy820 (3 года)
Stop screaming long enough to pull down the mask and place it over your
Автор MrAaront703 (3 года)
put it over your head, already you look beautifully fashionable !! :L I
would love to have a pilot like this on every flight, it would make you
feel comfortable.
Автор aval1998 (3 года)
@00bean00 lol
Автор 4crevis (3 года)
I thought the aircraft had reverse gear at 1:58!
Автор hollywoodpimp23 (3 года)
"So sit back relax, or lean forward all twisted up... the choice is really
yours!" BHAHAHA!!
Автор DJJakubz (3 года)
@FloriBlueAngel Not to get too nit-picky, but they also fly the 737-300
(almost 200). There is a chance it's a -300 retro-fitted with winglets.
Автор Vaughn Mercredi (3 года)
@7john7cena7 LMFAO X100!!!!!!!!!!
Автор nwvfd22 (2 года)
"Immediately stop screaming, let go of your neighbor..." What flight was
this on and when? Because with that quote, I strongly believe I was on this
Автор Weegee010 (3 года)
everyone on southwest does stuff like this
Автор Psythik (3 года)
I'm pretty sure Southwest pays them to be funny. Last time I flew Southwest
the flight attendant was also making jokes like "If you need a flight
attendant, please press the hairy light bulb button".
Автор McBallyhoo (3 года)
yea... theres a reason I like to fly Southwest
Автор mmnissanzroadster9 (1 год)
I take it he got bored LOL
Автор Joshua Sutherland (2 года)
@bajesus666 jet blue is the same
Автор immcguyver07 (1 год)
Seat belts actually increase deaths in plane crashes bc ppl panic and can't
figure out how to get them off while high from adrenaline. Also most
survivors went wearing them on most crashes. Thank you for worrying about
our safety captain.
Автор Matt McEwen (3 года)
@laxi98 you should see the air new zealand 'Fit To Fly' with richard simmons
Автор thirteenfingers (3 года)
Does this guy remind anyone else of Mr Leo. the "fashion consultant for the
army" as done by Robin Williams in Good Morning Vietnam? Especially the bit
about life vests, looking beautiful and making sure your shoes match your
Автор rüdiger drescher (3 года)
@Zethux mind me sending the transcript? could use it for teaching EFL but
couldn't work out all that is said
Автор Edgar Woodhead (3 года)
Lol :)
Автор Radek Raczkowski (3 года)
someone plz call Hollywood and give him a job!
Автор Ahmed arif (1 год)
this guy's name is randel... known as tommy on westjet .. i bet .. u wanna
see his face search on youtube "HILARIOUS WESTJET FLIGHT ATTENDANT"
Автор SamLynn93 (3 года)
what was this pilots name?!?!?! xD i want him to fly me places!
Автор masuman1 (3 года)
wow i love this it made me laugh who was the pilot
Автор TheModelmaker1 (2 года)
One of the best preflight announcements I have ever heard
Автор YDoesLifeHaveLemons (1 год)
Автор taiblademaster (3 года)
@laxi98 totally!!!!! if ally pre-flight announcements were this funny,
flying would be SO MUCH MORE FUN!!!
Автор Chris Agatep (3 года)
@bajesus666 THAT IS ABSOLUTELY CORRECT
Автор shh071 (3 года)
"Already you look beautifully fashionable" roflmao
Автор MRAviationUK (3 года)
@Cenathon123 i believe it's southwest
Автор Mitchellpilot909 (3 года)
@bajesus666 I know man. Every southwest flight I go on the flight attendant
says something funny!
Автор Ryan M (2 года)
"insert a quarter for every minute of oxygen"... Shit. I'm broke.
Автор kinluc06 (3 года)
i wish this guy was on my last flight we more people like this on every
Автор michael douglas (2 года)
Can't believe it's not buttercup oxygen masks ha ha what a legend
Автор Nick Leyman (3 года)
OMG I love that
Автор Lazlow Rave (3 года)
"Sit back, relax. Or lean forward all twisted up the choice is really
yours... " LMAO
Автор N0616JC Productions (3 года)
24 people was fired from SouthWest.
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Big, actually, would be something of an exaggeration. And to be fair, its certainly not the first time I've appeared on the small screen. But on a soap opera? Sharing dialogue with the most ginormous soap star that's ever lived? And the best part: playing my very own self opposite said soap star?
Please do see for yourself. Tune it to All My Children this coming Monday February 18th at 1pm on ABC. There I'll be, in the scene where Erica Kane (aka, the one and only Susan Lucci) hosts a very special Red Dress Fashion Show and then is bombarded with questions by the fashion press (aka, yours truly, amongst others).
That's me on the far right, in the animal-print top...just in case you miss my huge half-a-second on the air.
Audrey Slater is the fashion director of REDBOOK, where she's been since November 2003. She has styled dozens of celebrities and countless real women of every age and shape. Read More ...
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Prosecutors describe 'ruthless' Craigslist killing
Updated On: Nov 30 2011 01:15:57 PM EST
During opening statements Tuesday in the case of a Craigslist killing, prosecutors described what they call the ruthless and violent killing of a 21-year-old Navy wife.
"Eighty-nine. Over 89 stab wounds or cuts made by that man when he brutally killed the young lady," prosecutor Bernie de la Rionda said.
De la Rionda was referring to 20-year-old David Sparre, who could face the death penalty if convicted of killing 21-year-old Tiara Pool in her Hodges Boulevard apartment in July 2010.
"What killed this innocent young lady was major stab wounds to her back," de la Rionda said. "She was cut across her neck, she was stabbed across her back numerous times, and she was left on her bedroom floor naked, left to die."
Prosecutors said the Navy wife and mother of two boys posted an ad on Craigslist seeking friendship. They said Pool's husband was out at sea, and they were having problems in their marriage. Prosecutors said Pool's sons were out of town with her in-laws when she was killed.
Attorneys said Sparre, who was living in Georgia, responded to the online ad, and he and Pool text messaged each other for about a week until they finally met in Jacksonville.
Sparre told Pool he was visiting his grandmother, who had to go to St. Vincent's Medical Center, prosecutors said. Surveillance video shows him walking around the hospital.
Prosecutors said the two met at the hospital, but eventually went back to Pool's apartment. That's where attorneys disagree on what led to her killing.
"He realized what had happened, and it was too late," defense attorney Michael Bateh said. "He saw the body of Tiara Pool laying there in her own blood."
Defense attorneys said Sparre and Pool were intimate, and when Sparre found out she was married, he blacked out and then found her dead, not realizing what he did.
Prosecutors said Sparre never blacked out. He not only killed her with her own kitchen knife, but stole some of her things before leaving and heading back to the hospital, prosecutors said. They said he even sold her PlayStation to a pawn shop in Georgia.
Police said it was four days until a concerned friend, Michelle Edwards, went to check on Pool and found her dead in her bedroom.
"I went to open the bedroom door," Edwards testified. "When I opened it, I noticed that her hand was there, and then I ran, I turned around and ran out the door."
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1/2 Photos of Pasta Frittata With Mushrooms
Prep Time:
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30 mins
Leftover pasta has never tasted so good! It is so good in fact, you may find yourself making extra pasta just to make this dish! The cool thing about this recipe is that the Frittata can be made ahead of time! It can sit at room temperature for about 3 hours before serving! Original recipe is by Mark Strausman, author of The Campagna Table.
Units: US | Metric
Serving Size: 1 (206 g)
Servings Per Recipe: 4
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spaghetti in tomato sauce
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A new and relatively little-known scientific discipline called molecular gastronomy has quietly revolutionized the dining experience in some famous restaurants and promises to foster a wider revolution in other restaurant and home kitchens. That's the conclusion of an article in ACS' Chemical Reviews, a monthly journal.
In the article, Peter Barham and colleagues present a sweeping overview of molecular gastronomy, which focuses on the science behind food preparation techniques, including the chemistry of cooking. "Our basic premise is that the application of chemical and physical techniques in some restaurant kitchens to produce novel textures and flavor combinations has not only revolutionized the restaurant experience but also led to new enjoyment and appreciation of food," the scientists note. Examples include the restaurants El Bulli in Spain and Fat Duck in the United Kingdom, which have become regarded by some as among the finest in the world after adopting this scientific approach to cooking.
The new science pays particular attention to the conditions that underpin an individual's enjoyment of food, including flavor levels in a food dish and even a diner's "frame of mind" for enjoying a meal. The authors note that "we may be able to serve different variants of the same dish to our dinner party guests so that each has their own uniquely pleasing experience. If molecular gastronomy can achieve such a goal, it will go a long way to changing forever the public perception of chemistry."
ARTICLE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE "Molecular Gastronomy: A New Emerging Scientific Discipline"
DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT ARTICLE http://pubs.acs.org/stoken/presspac/presspac/full/10.1021/cr900105w
Peter Barham, Ph.D.
Department of Physics
University of Bristol
Bristol, United Kingdom
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


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Welcome To GMTruckClub.com!
The #1 Chevy Truck Forum Online
Online since 2004, we're the #1 Chevy Truck & SUV user community. If you have any questions about your Chevy or GMC Truck, SUV or Crossover, or just want to connect with other GM owners and enthusiasts around the world, you've found the best place on the internet to do that.
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Registering is Free and Easy! Do it today and we'll see you on the forums soon!
Need Non-Bose Radio Wiring Diagram for 09 Silverado
Discussion in 'Audio, Video & Gadget Tech' started by 98Hotrod98, Jul 1, 2011.
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It may help to know that the first few hundred extra calories you burn will give you the greatest health benefit. So take it day by day, focus on living a more active life overall, and the rest will fall into place.
Three Tips to Get Started:
- Make it manageable. Set your goals as small and as specific as you need in order to get motivated. Instead of saying to yourself, "I'm going to get in shape," set a more realistic short-term goal with a very specific objective. For example, your first goal might be to walk for five minutes today and tomorrow. Or you might set a goal of walking up and down the stairs in your house two additional times every day this week. Do whatever you need to do to make the concept of being active seem manageable to you on a moment-by-moment basis.
- Ease into it. Start with a scaled-down version of whatever plan you've created for becoming more active. If walking is your activity of choice, begin with five-minute walks and eventually build up to 10-, 20-, or 30-minute walks. Or start exercising just two days per week, then work your way up to five days per week over a period of months. Start small, and as soon as you feel you can do more, commit to the extra effort. But don't bother thinking about the next step until you feel great about what you are currently doing.
- Work with what you've got. If you're very overweight or have aching joints, arthritis, or a physical limitation, you'll do best to focus on activities that make exercise easier in the beginning. Swimming or other water-based activities are good options. They provide an excellent resistance and cardiovascular workout, and the water will support most of your weight, so you may be able to do stretches and movements that might be too difficult on dry land. Enlist the help of your healthcare provider or physical therapist in designing a workout plan that's appropriate for you.


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Raspberry Jam Silicon Valley
Raspberry Jam Silicon Valley
Monthly Event - Third Saturday of every month: 1:00 PM to 5:00 PM (PST)
Mountain View, CA
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
Raspberry Jam Silicon Valley
Computer History Museum
1401 N. Shoreline Blvd.
Mountain View, CA 94043
- Open to the public
- Free Admission
- Kids are most highly encouraged to attend
- You don't need to own a Raspberry Pi
- Newbies welcome - all questions will be answered
- If you do have a Pi board, bring it along to show to others
- Bring software or hardware you may be developing to show off
- Pi boards will be demonstrating all OS releases currently available, as well as application software for science, technology, engineering, and math education, learning how to develop software, games, media streaming, etc.
Computer History Museum
1401 N Shoreline Blvd.
Mountain View,
Raspberry Jam Silicon Valley
Raspberry Pi enthusiasts, users, educators, students, curious onlookers, and anyone else!


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"Do you wish to be great? Then begin by being."
Saint Augustine said those words in the fifth century, but their relevancy has not diminished. At Knox, we are committed to training great men and great women for ministry. But greatness does not depend only on knowledge or academic achievement. As Augustine said so well, greatness begins with being. That is why we don't just focus on academics and future ministry.
At Knox, we are committed to the transformation of the student/leader as an individual. Transformation comes, not just by knowing the Word of God, but rather by knowing the God of the Word. Transformation comes by being nourished and nurtured in your personal walk with God, not just religious exercises. Transformation comes by seeing the Christian faith modeled in the life of professors, not just spoken about from the lectern. It's being challenged in your daily life habits, not just reading from the Greek about the ministry of Christ. It's about being more concerned with the inner life of the Christian leader than the outward activities of leadership. Transformation is about being, not just doing.
As you seek God's way and will for your life, our hope is that you would explore Knox Theological Seminary as a place that will first transform you – and then lead to ministry that will transform the world. Inquire about our programs today!


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Jacqueline Burton, New Orleans Holistic Health Coach
Increase Your Vitalilty! Work With A Holistic Health Coach in New Orleans
- Categories: counseling
- Address: Magazine Street Map
- City, State: New Orleans, Louisiana Country: United States Postal Code: 70130
- Phone: web only Fax: Not Available
- WebSite: http://www.jacquelineburton.com
- Email: Jacqueline Burton, New Orleans Holistic Health Coach Contact: Jacqueline
- Description:
My name is Jacqueline, and I'm a Holistic Health Coach in New Orleans, Louisiana. I am a cancer survivor, and dealing with my disease led me to a path of health and wellness that I now share with others! I follow a balanced, high raw diet, and I absolutely love working with others to help them reach their health and wellness goals. I firmly believe in bio-individuality, or the idea that no one diet works for everyone. I'll work with you to address your specific health and wellness needs. Together, we will set goals and I will support you in reaching them. My specialties include: increasing energy and vitality, dealing with cancer treatment and post-cancer treatment recovery, skin issues, digestive issues, developing time management skills, and weight loss. I offer FREE health history consultations so you can decide if you'd like to work with me at no cost. I look forward to working with you!
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Tasty snack from Cooking Light that provides a concentrated source of carbohydrates from the raisins, along with protein and "good" fats from the nuts. Feel free to substitute nuts and fruit according to your preference, or what you have on hand. I don't care for raisins, so I used craisins (dried cranberries) ; I found I was out of slivered almonds, so I substituted some chopped macadamias. I especially loved the addition of cardamom--added an unexpected element.
Serves: 8
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the wang family scholarship
California State University Trustee Stanley T. Wang established The Wang Family Scholarship on 9 November 2000. The fund "is to provide an opportunity for students to prepare for a role in the international business world. Recognizing the increasing importance of international education and economic globalization, the Wang Family seeks to provide students and faculty members an opportunity for learning in an international environment and culture." Scholarships and stipends awarded from the fund "shall be used for the specific purpose of supporting study, teaching and research abroad for students and faculty members, in China (Taiwan) or China (mainland) through the California State University."
The Wang Family Scholarship fund is established to provide an opportunity to talented and distinguished faculty and students who will profit from an international learning experience and use this knowledge to contribute to business and personal relations between the United States, China (Taiwan) and China (mainland). The scholarship recognizes the financial limitations of potential participants and will provide an opportunity to experience the possibilities of the global market.


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Dr. John StahlChair of the Department of Chemistry, Math and Physics, presented "Diffusion Behavior of Inert Gases in Activated Carbon Column" at the national meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). The work was co-authored with Dr. Mario Oyander, Associate Professor of Engineering, along with Geneva students Nathaniel Godfrey and Samuel Shouse as part of their senior engineering design projects.
Dr. Rodney AustinAssociate Professor of Chemistry, presented the paper "Impact of POGIL instruction on a two-semester biochemistry course at Geneva College," which examined how small group exercises improve student learning, at the Biennial Conference on Chemical Education.
Dr. John SteinProfessor of Mathematics and Astronomy, presented "The Schaefer Memorial Observatory at Geneva College" at the 34th Meeting of The Pennsylvania Astronomy Consortium.
Click on the faculty's name for more information, including classes taught, degrees earned, current projects and personal information.
|Rodney Austin
Associate Professor of Chemistry
|Arletta Cruzan
Adjunct Faculty, Chemistry
|Phil Holladay
Professor of Mathematics
|Kerry McMahon
Associate Professor of Chemistry
|John Stahl
Professor of Chemistry and Chair
|John Stein
Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy
|Melinda Stephens
Professor of Chemistry
|Ed Dambach
Instructor in Mathematics
|Lowel Cummings
Associate Professor of Physics
|Anthony Comer
Professor of Chemical Engineering
Student-to-faculty ratio is 13:1.
Upcoming Events


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Evergreen Express Spring 2010
Spring 2010 Feature Stories
Alumni on Stage, Screen and Behind the Scenes
On November 17, in the auditorium of Evergreen's Communications Building, two women, friends since college days, walked on stage and took introductory bows. They were opera singer Cyndia Sieden '76 and concert pianist Judith Cohen '79. The Evergreen Steinway had been tuned especially for occasion. The evening was a blend of musical recital and personal reverie on what it means to live one's dreams; dreams sparked and influenced by the Evergreen experience. Cyndia and Judith were the inspiration for our theme this edition. In Alumni on Stage, Screen and Behind the Scenes, we explore a few of the careers that are shaping American performing arts and entertainment.
Alumnae Musical Stars Perform Overture to Alumni Lecture Series
Opera singer Cyndia Sieden '76 and concert pianist Judith Cohen '79 speak of life, friendship, and Evergreen.
Hey Craig! How Come Arnold's Head is Shaped like a Football?
Artist and animator Craig Bartlett '81, creator of "Hey Arnold!" and "Dinosaur Train," talks Oscars, Hollywood and Pee Wee Herman.
Getting "Lost" with Stephen Semel
Emmy nominee Stephen Semel '73, may be an editor on the hit TV show Lost, but don't ask him how it ends.
Alumna Finds Creative Outlet in NY Dance Company
Dancer and performance artist Cara Maldonado '08 found her calling at Evergreen.


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Car hits pedestrian on North Main StreetStaff Report | January 10,2013Rutland City Police are on the scene of a crash that injured a pedestrian on North Main Street in front of Tenney Brook Market.
The crash took place around 5:30 p.m. Police said a white sedan hit a pedestrian who was not immediately seen by the driver.
The driver stopped and was being interviewed by police at the scene. The unidentified pedestrian was put in an ambulance and taken to Rutland Regional Medical Center.
Police Sgt. James Tarbell said the pedestrian was alert and conscious, but would need treatment for a head laceration.
North Main Street is open to limited to traffic.MORE IN This Just InA close gubernatorial election raised questions about support for Gov. Full StoryPolice investigate Full StoryMENS HOCKEY Full Story
- Most Popular
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- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1927, striking Colo. miners attacked with machine guns by state police; 1877, Thomas Edison announces invention of the phonograph, 1959, Alan Freed fired by WABC 770 AM for accepting payola to promote records.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivers short speech in Gettysburg, Pa.; in 1984, a Pemex LNG facility destroyed by series of gas explosions, 600 people are killed; in 1998, Senate builds fire under Bill Clinton.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1831 – Independent South American super-state, Gran Colombia, dissolved; 1856 - Fort Buchanan built to control Apache warriors; 1970 - William Calley Jr. goes on trial after 1968 massacre at My Lai, Vietnam.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: Wisconsin Sen. Joe McCarthy takes advantage of Cold War jitters and builds a tidy little fiefdom for himself on Capitol Hill. It's all good, but pride goes before you know darn well what. The junior senator is damaged going down.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1927, Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin in control of the Soviet Union; in 1970, Oregon DOT tries to dynamite a dead whale off a beach with a rather shocking result.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: In 1972, Southern Airways Flight 49 is hijacked, the crew and passengers held for ransom. The hijackers want $10 million and passage to Cuba. In 2007, in Santiago, Chile, King Juan Carlos of Spain loses patience with Hugo Chavez.


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O'Quinn Team Two T-Shirt
SALE $11.05 was $26.00 Item #64035QM1131TE
- Front "O'Quinn" graphic t-shirt
- 100% Pre-washed Cotton.
- Machine wash cold. Do not bleach. Tumble dry low. Do not iron.
- Made in Honduras.
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- Chest measures 41" on a size medium.
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Haiti portfolioStaff Photo by Allison Kwesell/Chattanooga Times Free Press Victor Guerda, left, and Neraide Yeda wash clothes together in the rubble of what used to be Ms. Guerda's home in Despinos, Haiti.
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Nancy Silverton, Mario Batalis partner at L.A.s Mozza, tells the Los Angeles Times that she lost all of her investments (including, it seems, the $5 million she got from the sale of the La Brea Bakery) in the Bernie Madoff Ponzi scheme: Now, I'm just like 99% of the world. If I had to retire tomorrow, I could not. [LAT via Diners Journal/NYT]
Mario Batali's business partner, Nancy Silverton, lost millions in the Bernie Madoff Ponzi scheme.


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The Catcher in the Rye (original 1951; edition 2001)
by J. D. Salinger
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The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger (1951)
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This is one of those classics that lives on and on. I found it interesting but the story was kind of a road trip scenario. It didn't really go anywhere, though the journey was well written and interesting. The style is strange enough to make it worth reading just for that.
One that I've meant to read for a while now. Sixteen-year-old Holden Caulfield has just been expelled from Pencey Prep, an exclusive private school. After a fight with his roommate he packs up and takes a train home to New York where he checks into a hotel and then wanders round the city, occasionally meeting up with people he used to know in a self-indulgent fog rather than facing the music at home. He has conversations with his dead brother and catches up with his 10-year-old sister Phoebe as his psychotic ramble continues.
During the 1980s the novel was linked to several crimes: the murder of John Lennon (1980 - Mark David Chapman), the attempted assassination of President Reagan (1981 - John Hinckley, Jr.), and the slaying of actress Rebecca Schaeffer (1989 - Robert John Bardo) which probably just increased it's popularity. In 1951 it was probably cutting edge stuff but today it's just really badly dated and I found it a really boring narrative told from the perspective of a spoilt whiny rich kid who thinks he is better than everyone else around him. Much repetition and self-indulgent angst.
Title: [Related to the poem by Robert Burns 'Coming thro' the Rye' (1796)]. 'Anyway I keep picturing all these little kids playing some games in this big field of rye and all. Thousands of little kids, and nobody's around - nobody big a, I mean - except me. And I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do, I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff - I mean if they're running and they don't look where they're going I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That's all I'd do all day. I'd just be the catcher in the rye and all. I know it's crazy, but that's the only place I'd really like to be.' (Chapter 22).
Haters to the left.
Insightful look at a boy's spiral into psychosis.
I know that you either love this book or hate it. I read it for the first time in 9th grade and absolutely adored it and reread it throughout high school. For me Holden Caulfield was extremely relatable and this book was so important to me during my teenage years.
"Some of my best friends are children," says Jerome David Salinger, 32. "In fact, all of my best friends are children." And Salinger has written short stories about his best friends with love, brilliance and 20-20 vision. In his tough-tender first novel, The Catcher in the Rye (a Book-of-the-Month Club midsummer choice), he charts the miseries and ecstasies of an adolescent rebel, and deals out some of the most acidly humorous deadpan satire since the late great Ring Lardner.
Holden's story is told in Holden's own strange, wonderful language by J. D. Salinger in an unusually brilliant novel.
This Salinger, he's a short story guy. And he knows how to write about kids. This book though, it's too long. Gets kind of monotonous. And he should've cut out a lot about these jerks and all at that crumby school. They depress me.
Is contained in
J. D. Salinger Boxed Set by J. D. Salinger
Kuristik rukkis. Novellid. Puusepad, tõstke kõrgele sarikad. Franny ja Zooey : [lühiromaan ja jutustused] by J. D. Salinger
Has the (non-series) sequel
Has as a study
J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye (Bloom's Modern Critical Interpretations) by Harold Bloom
Has as a student's study guide
Cliffsnotes on Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye by R.B. Kaplan
The Catcher in the Rye - J.D. Salinger by Brian Phillips
Catcher in the Rye (Barron's Book Notes) by Joseph Claro
J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye (Bloom's Notes) by Harold Bloom
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English (11)
Amazon.com Amazon.com Review (ISBN 0316769177, Paperback)Since his debut in 1951 as The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield has been synonymous with "cynical adolescent." Holden narrates the story of a couple of days in his sixteen-year-old life, just after he's been expelled from prep school, in a slang that sounds edgy even today and keeps this novel on banned book lists. It begins,
"If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you'll probably want to know is where I was born and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don't feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth. In the first place, that stuff bores me, and in the second place, my parents would have about two hemorrhages apiece if I told anything pretty personal about them."
His constant wry observations about what he encounters, from teachers to phonies (the two of course are not mutually exclusive) capture the essence of the eternal teenage experience of alienation.
(retrieved from Amazon Mon, 30 Sep 2013 13:23:26 -0400)
Story of Holden Caulfield with his idiosyncrasies, penetrating insight, confusion, sensitivity and negativism. The hero-narrator of "The Catcher in the Rye" is an ancient child of sixteen, a native New Yorker named Holden Caulfield. Through circumstances that tend to preclude adult, secondhand description, he leaves his prep school in Pennsylvania and goes underground in New York City for three days. The boy himself is at once too simple and too complex for us to make any final comment about him or his story. Perhaps the safest thing we can say about Holden is that he was born in the world not just strongly attracted to beauty, but almost, hopelessly impaled on it. There are many voices in this novel: children's voices, adult voices, underground voices--but Holden's voice is the most eloquent of all. Transcending his own vernacular, yet remaining marvelously faithful to it, he issues a perfectly articulated cry of mixed pain and pleasure. However, like most lovers and clowns and poets of the higher orders, he keeps most of the pain to, and for, himself. The pleasure he gives away, or sets aside, with all his heart. It is there for the reader who can handle to keep it.… (more)
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Jewelry can be of great importance to practitioners of religion. Much like a uniform, the things that you wear, whether it be a simple pin or an elaborate ensemble, can be the symbol of transformation between your humanity and your astral existence.
Human Chakra Pendant
Chakras are our energy centers - they are the openings for life energy to flow into and out of our aura. Their function is to vitalize the physical body, to bring about the development of our self-consciousness, and are associated with our physical, mental and emotional interactions. Sitting in a typical yoga pose with seven chakra stones running up from bottom to top makes this an amazing human chakra pendant. Cast in sterling silver, approx. 1.2 inches.
Item #: TM138, Price: $36.99
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Research Project Summary Information
The first phases of this project were performed under NYSERDA Contract 9949, wherein Taconic Energy, Inc. pursued development of a fuel additive that would enable ethanol fuel blends such as E85 (85% ethanol by volume and 15% gasoline) to achieve higher miles-per-gallon (mpg). The additive is designed to not participate significantly in the combustion process but rather to adhere to the walls of the cylinder and other engine parts to reduce friction and thereby improve engine efficiency. The work under Contract 9949 made great strides toward optimizing an additive that can be made from renewable feedstock and is effective with both E85 and standard gasoline. Further work is needed to optimize and verify effectiveness, and to optimize the production process. Greenfield Manufacturing (Saratoga Springs, NY) is a specialty chemicals manufacturer that is teaming with Taconic and plans to manufacture the additive.
Map Error
The goal has been to develop the additive to the point of initial sales in the fleet market. Tasks have included: expand the ongoing on-road test program to verify performance with a broader range of vehicles; design, set up and execute an on-road test program with fleet operators; perform statistical analysis of test data and develop conclusions; and, improve the production process. In addition, Taconic has worked with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Emissions Technology Verification program to develop a test protocol and support independent third-party testing and analysis, with the goal of obtaining official EPA verification of product claims.
The additive potentially can save more than 100 million gallons/year in New York State, and over three billion gallons/year nationally, with significant associated emissions reductions. New York economic benefits would include an estimated 750 jobs created to produce and distribute the product.
Testing has shown a 2-5% fuel economy gain with the additive, and commercialization is being pursued under NYSERDA Contract 15723.
Taconic Energy, Inc.41 Denise Court Attn: Jim KetchamSalt Point, NY 12578
Ben Kaufman
Project Type:
Product Development
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Joseph email@example.com
R&D -Transport & Power Systems
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We admit it. We regular St. Louisans are often guilty of being a year (or three) behind on the latest hair-style trends. Not so our television personalities -- especially our female stars. Just turn on the local newscast and you're likely to see some of the most fetching coiffures this side of India ... More >>
Week of September 7, 2005
The St. Louis Pizza Haus proves that even when pizza's kinda bad, it's still pretty good


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Winter Reading Club
Start Date: December 17, 2012 10:00 AM
End Date: February 09, 2013 5:00 PM
Location: Library Campus
Snow is Falling, Books are Calling!That's right! Winter Reading Club is beginning December 17th this year. Check out library books OR download them from our virtual branch. All adults, teens and children are invited to participate!
|Thursday, December 4th
|6:00 PM Knifty Knitters
|Tuesday, December 9th
|6:00 PM Board of Trustees Meeting - December
|Tuesday, December 9th
|6:30 PM Creative Writing Group
|Wednesday, December 10th
|1:00 PM Meet the Author: Hardwood Glory: Sports Legend John Wooden and His Hoosier Roots
|Thursday, December 11th
|6:30 PM Better Off Read: A Christmas Carol
|Wednesday, December 17th
|12:00 PM Turn a Page with Anni: Christmas Sweater
|Thursday, December 18th
|10:15 AM Creative Writing Group
|Thursday, December 18th
|6:00 PM Knifty Knitters
|Tuesday, December 23rd
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text: Sparkly collar charms offer a touch of much-deserved glitz for the furry friend who adds so much sparkle to your world. Each Mini Crystal Bone Collar Charm features 28 faux stones in a vibrant bone-shaped outline. The attached lobster-claw clasp lets you quickly, easily hang the 1" x ½" Mini Crystal Bone Collar Charm on your dog's collar. Available in 3 stunning color options to complement any pet collar, pet clothing, or personality! Each Mini Crystal Bone Collar Charm measures 1-3/8" overall. Please specify Pink or Clear.


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SKU: 163011Free 2-4 Day Shipping on Every U.S. Order. Order by 4PM MST and it ships today!
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Innovative and stylish, the Sena MagnetFlipper Leather iPhone 4 Case has proved to be Sena's most popular case. Utilizing gravity, the protective padded flap is engineered with a hinged bottom and magnetic fastening system at the top, thus allowing the cover to be flipped out of the way with a flick of the thumb and enabling the user to quickly answer the iPhone 4.
Offered in various solid colors in classic leather and in croco leather, the Leather Sena MagnetFlipper for iPhone 4 is the perfect solution for functional style. The rigid protective layer of this leather iPhone 4 case reinforces additional backbone support for durability. The removable ratcheting metal clip system allows you to wear the MagnetFlipper on your belt for accesibility and also ratchet it to remain in any 360 degree position for comfort. Sena Magnet Flipper for iPhone 4 is individually handcrafted from the finest Italian Napa leather with Sena's well-known quality and strong attention to detail. The MagnetFlipper conveniently combines fashion with innovation.
iPhone 4S
iPhone 4 (AT&T,Verizon,Sprint)


text: On April 28, 1996, approximately 1300 Pacific daylight time, an Aero Commander 200D, N2975T, registered to Marketing Northwest Inc. of Kent, Washington, was substantially damaged in a forced landing following a loss of engine power approximately 1/2 mile southwest of Crest Airpark, Covington, Washington. The private pilot/owner, who was the aircraft's sole occupant, was not injured. The 14 CFR 91 flight originated at Pierce County Airport-Thun Field, Puyallup, Washington, and was attempting to land at Crest. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan had been filed.The pilot stated that before departing Puyallup, "I noted that the two main tanks each were approximately half full - There was a couple of inches of fuel visible through the filler neck. Since the flight from Thun to Crest [a straight-line distance of 15 1/2 nautical miles] is not more than ten to fifteen minutes I elected to make the flight without refueling." He stated that the flight "went predictably until turning from Base to Final for runway 33 at Crest." The pilot stated that at that point, he was configured with gear down and 20 degrees of flaps, and that while in the turn, "I appeared to be a little high for the approach so I deployed flaps to forty degrees. At that same moment, without any warning the engine stopped. I was still in [a] left bank and I believe I was on the left main tank." The pilot stated that he "immediately switched to the right main tank but did not activate the boost pump because it had flooded the engine in the past." He then decided that he would not be able to make the landing runway and that there was no more time to attempt further remedial action, and performed a forced landing on a westerly heading in an open field short of the runway. The forced landing surface consisted of soft dirt and was on rolling terrain surrounded by trees. The airplane was damaged in the forced landing. On-site examination of the fuel tank quantities revealed that the right main tank appeared empty, the left main tank contained residual fuel, and both auxiliary tanks appeared approximately 1/4 full. When electrical power was applied to the aircraft, the fuel quantity gauges indicated as follows: left auxiliary 1/4 tank, left main empty, right main empty (in red arc), and right auxiliary empty (in red arc.)The engine was subsequently test run under the supervision of FAA inspectors from the Flight Standards District Office in Renton, Washington. One of the inspectors reported the results of the engine test run as follows: "Both [inspectors] visually checked the fuel tanks and both [main] tanks looked empty, however, the filler necks are forward of the tank outlets...there was enough residual fuel to do the test...we did not add fuel....I operated the [Continental] IO-520-A engine for about 5 minutes, switching tanks after about 2 minutes and the mag[neto]s checked O.K. at 1,700 rpm." The inspector expressed the opinion in his report that "a steep bank starved the engine of fuel while on final approach."According to the FAA type certificate data sheet for the model 200D, the aircraft has a total fuel capacity of 80 gallons (74 gallons usable), consisting of 20 gallons (18.5 gallons usable) in each of four tanks: left main, right main, left auxiliary, and right auxiliary.