text:
Nobel Prizes
Associated Press
News about Nobel Prizes, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
Chronology of Coverage
Nov. 9, 2014
Download interview with Eric Betzig, winner of Nobel Prize in physical chemistry; Betzig offers recommendations for books and other forms of entertainment. MORE
Oct. 15, 2014
The Upshot; interview with Nobel Prize-winning French economist Jean Tirole features him discussing net neutrality, Amazon.com and his current research interests. MORE
Oct. 14, 2014
Paris Journal; awarding of Nobel Prizes to French author Patrick Modiano and economist Jean Tirole does little to quiet talk that nation is in decline; Prime Min Manuel Valls says awards are vindication for country, but intellectuals, economists and critics greet Nobels with little more than a shrug. MORE
Oct. 14, 2014
French economist Jean Tirole, who has spent decades dissecting imperfect markets, wins Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science; Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences says he has provided insight into how governments can best tame powerful firms and crack down on harmful monopolies. MORE
Oct. 11, 2014
Two outspoken champions of children, Malala Yousafzai and Kailash Satyarthi, are recipients of 2014 Nobel Peace Prize; will share the $1.1 million award; Yousafzai, youngest person to receive prize, is Pakistani advocate of girls' education and Satyarthi, soft-spoken activist based in New Delhi, has rescued trafficked children from slavery. MORE
Oct. 11, 2014
Malala Yousafzai, youngest winner of Nobel Peace Prize, began campaigning for girls' education at the age of 11, three years before she was shot by the Taliban; prize validates her battle, but also underscores the disproportionate expectations that trail a human rights activist who has not yet completed high school. MORE
Oct. 11, 2014
Kailash Satyarthi, co-winner of the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize, has labored over India's numbingly huge problem of child slavery, and his organization is credited with freeing some 70,000 children from forced labor; Satyarthi is eighth Indian to win a Nobel, and only the second, after Mother Teresa, to win the Peace Prize. MORE
Oct. 10, 2014
Patrick Modiano, French writer whose moody, terse and occasionally dreamlike novels are often set during Nazi occupation of France, wins the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature. MORE
Oct. 9, 2014
Nobel Prize in Chemistry goes to Eric Betzig of Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Virginia; Stefan W Hell of Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Germany; and William E Moerner, of Stanford University in California; three are recognized for circumventing a basic law of physics and enabling microscopes to peer at the tiniest structures within living cells. MORE
Oct. 8, 2014
Physicists Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano of Japan and Shuji Nakamura of the University of California are awarded Nobel Prize in Physics for their work creating efficient light-emitting diodes; committee notes that LED lighting has created a whole new industry and is likely to be the lighting source for the 21st century. MORE
Oct. 8, 2014
Dwight Garner looks at potential winners of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature; British gambling website Ladbrokes has said the top three candidates for the award are Kenyan novelist Ngugi wa Thiong'o, Japanese writer Haruki Murakami and Belarussian journalist Svetlana Alexievich. MORE
Oct. 7, 2014
John O'Keefe and couple May-Britt Moser and Edvard I Moser are awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering 'inner GPS in the brain' that enables virtually all creatures to navigate their surroundings; Mosers are only the second married couple to win a Nobel in medicine, and will share half of $1.1 million prize with O'Keefe. MORE
Sep. 16, 2014
Dennis Overbye Out There column profiles Dr Peter Higgs, 85-year-old physicist who first theorized existence of new particle that would explain how other particles get mass in 1964; Higgs, who won 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovery, is in many ways as elusive as particle he helped uncover. MORE
Aug. 10, 2014
Gray Matter column by graduate student Michael J Barany describes history of the Fields Medal, top prize in field awarded by International Congress of Mathematicians; contends that true story of award, which was started after mathematics was omitted from Nobel Prize, helps illuminate often neglected intersection of mathematics and politics. MORE
Nov. 21, 2013
Frederick Sanger, British biochemist whose discoveries about the chemistry of life led to the decoding of the human genome and to the development of new drugs like human growth hormone, dies at age 95; Sanger's work earned him two Nobel Prizes. MORE
Nov. 17, 2013
Jeff Sommer Strategies column notes that Lars Peter Hansen, economist who shared the 2013 Nobel Prize in economic science with Eugene Fama and Robert Shiller, will not let himself be drawn into the debate among them on the financial markets' behavior; his recent work has dealt with linkages between markets and the economy. MORE
Oct. 27, 2013
Jeff Sommer interview with Eugene F Fama, economist and co-winner of 2013 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science; he is known as the father of the efficient-markets theory. MORE
Oct. 27, 2013
Robert J Shiller Economic View; co-winner of 2013 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science explains areas of disagreement with his fellow laureates Eugene F Fama and Lars Peter Hansen; notes this is not the first time co-recipients have had differing views. MORE
Oct. 21, 2013
Raj Chetty Op-Ed article disputes criticisms lobbed at field of economics by some skeptics after Nobel prizes were awarded to three economists with opposing ideas; refutes idea that disagreements about answers to specific questions provides evidence that economics is fake science. MORE
Oct. 20, 2013
Robert J Shiller, Yale professor and co-winner of Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science, talks in interview about forces that made him a questioning, data-driven economist. MORE
Oct. 19, 2013
Alice Munro, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, will be unable to travel to Stockholm to accept her award because of health reasons. MORE
Oct. 15, 2013
Professors Eugene F Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert J Shiller share the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science; their work shows that stock and bond prices move unpredictably in short term but tend to follow established rules in the long term; Fama believes in rational market, while Shiller does not. MORE
Oct. 15, 2013
The Week column; Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded to Peter W Higgs of the University of Edinburgh in Scotland and Francois Englert of the Universite Libre de Bruxelles in Belgium for theory, first put forth in 1964, that there is a particle that confers mass to other particles, known as HIggs boson; other notable developments in science and medicine highlighted. MORE
Oct. 12, 2013
Norwegian Nobel Committee awards 2013 Peace Prize to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, agency that is working to destroy Syria's stockpile. MORE
Oct. 12, 2013
Op-Ed article by Jochen Bittner, political editor of German newspaper Die Zeit, rebuts critics who say the Nobel Peace Prize has become overly politicized in recent years; contends that panel has done excellent job overall, and that replacing Norwegian jurists with international group would only further politicize the prize. MORE
Oct. 11, 2013
Michiko Kakutani An Appraisal essay acknowledges achievements of Alice Munro, winner of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature; says she has helped redefine the contours of the modern short story, with quietly radiant stories that have swoop and density of big, intimate novels, possessing emotional amplitude and psychological density. MORE
Oct. 11, 2013
Renowned Canadian short-story writer Alice Munro wins 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature; she is honored for visceral work that explores tangled relationships between men and women, small-town existence and the fallibility of memory. MORE
Oct. 11, 2013
Editorial praises the writing of author Alice Munro, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature; holds what is most admirable in her work is the pace of her storytelling. MORE
Oct. 10, 2013
Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel, recognized for computer simulations that enable closer study of complex reactions like photosynthesis and design of new drugs; winning researchers are notable for work that does not involve test tubes or lab coats, but instead, explores world of molecules virtually, with computers. MORE
Oct. 9, 2013
Francois Englert of Belgium and Peter W Higgs of Britain, theoretical physicists who suggested an invisible ocean of energy is responsible for the mass and diversity of the universe, win Nobel Prize in Physics; their 1964 theory sent physicists on a generation-long search for a particle that confers mass on other particles, also known as Higgs boson, culminating in its discovery in 2012. MORE
Oct. 8, 2013
Americans James E Rothman, Randy W Schekman, and Thomas C Sudhof win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering machinery that regulates how cells transport major molecules in a cargo system that delivers them to the correct destination at the right time. MORE
Oct. 8, 2013
Many observers expect that University of Edinburgh professor Dr Peter Higgs, 84, whose name is attached to landmark discovery the Higgs boson, will be awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics, but there are other strong candidates. MORE
Oct. 2, 2013
Russian advocacy group International Academy of Spiritual Unity and Cooperation of Peoples of the World nominates Pres Vladimir V Putin for Nobel Peace Prize; group says Putin is more deserving of prize than Pres Barack Obama, who received it in 2009 but has continued to lead American military operations that have killed civilians abroad. MORE
Sep. 29, 2013
Op-Ed article by writer Bill Wyman argues that Bob Dylan should win the Nobel Prize in Literature. MORE
Sep. 25, 2013
Dr David Hubel, who with his collaborator Dr Torsten Wiesel won 1981 Nobel Prize for explaining how the brain assembles information from the eye's retina to produce detailed visual images of the world, dies at age 87. MORE
Apr. 10, 2013
More than 50 Nobel laureates sign open letter urging Congress to spare federal science establishment from looming budget cuts, arguing that further reductions would endanger innovation that is essential to economy. MORE
Dec. 11, 2012
European Union accepts Nobel Peace Prize with calls for further integration; prize ceremony is attended by 20 European leaders as well as Norway's royal family. MORE
Nov. 15, 2012
European Union will donate money from its Nobel Peace Prize to create projects for children in war zones. MORE
Oct. 18, 2012
Op-Ed article by Larry Siems, head of PEN American Center's Freedom to Write program, and Jeffrey Yang, translator of Liu Xiaobo book of poetry, compares reactions of Nobel laureates Mo Yan and Liu to news that they had won prize in literature; observes that two writers illustrate two different paths literature can take under Chinese regime. MORE
Oct. 16, 2012
Americans Alvin E Roth and Lloyd S Shapley are awarded Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science for their work on market design and matching theory, which relate to how people and companies find and select one another. MORE
Oct. 14, 2012
Op-Ed article by physics and astronomy Prof Adam Frank explores and explains field of quantum information, which was brought to public attention by Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded in that field; contends that advances in quantum information will most probably affect human society more than advances in related field of quantum physics. MORE
Oct. 13, 2012
Norwegian Nobel Committee makes unconventional choice in awarding the 2012 peace prize to the European Union, celebrating its six decades of postwar integration even as financial crisis and political infighting threaten to tear it apart. MORE
Oct. 13, 2012
Editorial contends Norwegian Nobel Committee's decision to award its peace prize to the European Union is yet another example of the organization using its prestige to send a political message. MORE
Oct. 12, 2012
China erupts in something close to national celebration for writer Mo Yan, who won the Nobel Prize for literature, just two years after the government condemned Nobel Peace Prize for dissident Liu Xiaobo; award will probably act as huge boost to China's national psyche, which has suffered from sense that its cultural accomplishments are overshadowed by its economic prowess. MORE
Oct. 12, 2012
Richard Bernstein An Appraisal column of work of Mo Yan, winner of Nobel Prize for Literature, much of which focuses on daily lives of ordinary people in China. MORE
Oct. 12, 2012
Excerpts from work of Mo Yan, winner of 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature. MORE
Oct. 11, 2012
American scientists Dr Robert J Lefkowitz of Duke and Dr Brian K Kobilka of Stanford are awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on deciphering the communication system that the human body uses to sense the outside world and send messages to cells; understanding could be used to refine drug design, producing more selective and effective medications. MORE
Oct. 10, 2012
Quantum physicists Serge Haroche and David J Wineland win the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work examining the relations between light and matter. MORE
Oct. 9, 2012
John B Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka are awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their foundational work in regenerative medicine; their discoveries, which occurred fifty years apart, concern manipulation of living cells and lie at the heart of techniques for cloning animals and generating stem cells. MORE
Aug. 7, 2012
Bill Breisky essay recounts his memories of his grandfather, Victor Francis Hess, who discovered the existence of cosmic rays a century ago, winning the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physics for his efforts. MORE
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Eric Betzig
The Nobel Prize-winning physicist on how every child is a scientist and how each scientific paper is like making a record.
November 9, 2014, Sunday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Betzig, Robert Eric , Nobel Prizes
Malala Yousafzai Donates Prize Money to Rebuild Gaza School
The Pakistani teenager who shared the Nobel Peace Prize this year donated $50,000 from another award to rebuild a United Nations school damaged in the war between Israel and Hamas.
October 31, 2014, Friday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Yousafzai, Malala , Gaza Strip , United Nations , Nobel Prizes , Pakistan , Israel
1964: Nobel Physics Prize Goes to 3
Highlights from the International Herald Tribune archives: The Nobel Physics Prize goes to researchers working on the maser-laser light beam in 1964.
October 29, 2014, Wednesday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Inventions and Patents , Laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) , Nobel Prizes , Physics
French Culture Minister's Prosaic Reading List Draws Criticism
An admission by the minister, Fleur Pellerin, that she has not read a book in two years, or any work by the Nobel winner Patrick Modiano, has set off a storm.
October 29, 2014, Wednesday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Paris (France) , Books and Literature , Pellerin, Fleur , Modiano, Patrick , Nobel Prizes
Peace Prize Laureates Urge Disclosure on U.S. Torture
Twelve of President Obama's fellow Nobel Peace Prize recipients are pushing him to release a Senate report about the C.I.A.'s use of torture after the Sept. 11 attacks.
October 27, 2014, Monday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Torture , Obama, Barack , Central Intelligence Agency , Classified Information and State Secrets , Nobel Prizes , Detainees , September 11 (2001) , Extraordinary Rendition , Tutu, Desmond M , Ramos-Horta, Jose
Is There Room for Agreement on the Merits and Limits of Efficient Lighting
Seeking constructive dialogue on the merits and limits of clean, efficient lighting.
October 21, 2014, Tuesday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Akasaki, Isamu , Amano, Hiroshi , Ban Ki-moon , Nakamura, Shuji , Nordhaus, Ted , Owen, David , Shellenberger, Michael , Breakthrough Institute , Carnegie Mellon University , Environmental Defense Fund , Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , United Nations , Carbon Dioxide , Poverty , Conservation of Resources , Economics (Theory and Philosophy) , Energy Efficiency , Global Warming , Greenhouse Gas Emissions , Lamps and Lampshades , Light-Emitting Diodes , Lighting , Nobel Prizes
1964: Jean-Paul Sartre Set To Reject Nobel Prize
From the International Herald Tribune archives: Jean-Paul Sartre planned to refuse the Nobel Prize, if awarded to him, in 1964.
October 20, 2014, Monday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Sartre, Jean-Paul , France , Books and Literature , Nobel Prizes
What Is a Nobel Prize Really Worth?
The French writer Patrick Modiano, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, does not have many readers beyond France. When the literature laureate is largely unknown outside his native country, what does the accolade mean?
October 16, 2014, Thursday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Roth, Philip , France , Stockholm (Sweden) , Books and Literature , Holocaust and the Nazi Era , Nobel Prizes , World War II (1939-45)
Q. and A. With Jean Tirole, Economics Nobel Winner
The French economist, still "over the moon" with his award, discussed net neutrality, Amazon.com and his current research interests.
October 15, 2014, Wednesday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Tirole, Jean , Economics (Theory and Philosophy) , Nobel Prizes , Antitrust Laws and Competition Issues , Regulation and Deregulation of Industry , Amazon.com Inc
How Jean Tirole's Work Helps Explain the Internet Economy
An academic whose work helps us understand one of the major puzzles of the contemporary economy: friendly monopolists.
October 15, 2014, Wednesday
MORE ON NOBEL PRIZES AND: Tirole, Jean , Antitrust Laws and Competition Issues , Economic Conditions and Trends , Nobel Prizes
From the Archives
Winners of the Nobel Prize in Literature
A complete list of winners of the Nobel Prize in Literature, with links to New York Times coverage.
Nobel Panel Announces Economics Winner
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that the French economist Jean Tirole was the recipient of the 2014 Nobel Prize in economics for his analysis of market power and regulation.
Malala on Winning Nobel Peace Prize
Malala Yousafzai speaks on being the youngest person to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and sharing the award with another children's rights activist.
Satyarthi on Winning Nobel Peace Prize
The Indian child rights activist Kailash Satyarthi speaks after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize for his fight against the oppression of children.
Nobel Committee Awards 2014 Peace Prize
Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani education activist, and Kailash Satyarthi, an Indian anti-child-labor activist, were awarded the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize at the Nobel Institute in Oslo.
Leymah Gbowee: The Dream
Through her activism to topple Liberia's dictator, Leymah Gbowee was able to restore her own faith in humanity. Part 1 of "Three Short Films About Peace."
Lech Walesa: The Shipyard
The former Polish president Lech Walesa explains how he defied Communist rule to help bring down the Iron Curtain. Part 2 of "Three Short Films About Peace."
Nobel Panel Announces Literature Winner
Patrick Modiano, a French writer, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, which was announced Thursday by Peter Englund, the permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy.
Nobel Panel Announces Chemistry Winners
Stefan W. Hell, a Nobel Prize laureate, reacted following the announcement of the 2014 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
Nobel Panel Announces Physics Winners
Isamu Akasaki of Japan reacted to being awarded the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics after Staffan Normark, the permanent secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, announced the decision.
Three Short Films About Peace
They deposed a dictator, helped defeat Communism and started a movement to end famine. In this series, the Liberian activist Leymah Gbowee, the former Polish president Lech Walesa and the rocker Bob Geldof talk about their campaigns for peace.
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Soil Food Web
On November 2, 2000 soil samples were obtained from Bonesteele upland prairie and taken to Soil Foodweb for anaylsis of microscopic organisms that live within the soils. To give context to the analysis, soil samples were also obtained from a remant native prairie called Shoulder to Shoulder Farm (S2S).
The following table summarizes the ratios of organisms and gives standards for prairies/agricultural fields in the Willamette Valley.
Overview of desired range:
1. Row crops: 0.6-1.2; early successional grass: 0.5-0.75; late successional grass: 0.8-1.52. Warm spring, early summer: 0.25-0.95; early spring, late winter & mid-summer: 0.10-0.15; fall rain: 0.15-0.20. Higher values mean organisms are not recovering from a negative impact. Lower values mean organisms are not recovering and help is needed, typically addition of their food source is required.3. Generally 1:1 results in good crop soil aggregate structure. Values above 1:1 mean soil pH may be decreasing, values less than 1:1 mean pH increasing. Anaerobic conditions generally will result in extremely low soil pH. 4. Based on release of N from protozoan and nematode consumption of bacteria and fungi. Often protozoa and nematodes compete for food resources. When one is high, the other may be low. also, if predator numbers are high, the prey may have low numbers.5. Identification to genus.


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Setting: Paris and the surrounding area, circa 1850
Violetta Valéry, the beautiful friend of Baron Duphol, is entertaining guests at her house. The charming and attractive lady, who frequents the Parisian circles, attempts, in vain, to conceal the pain she is suffering due to her delicate health, by immersing herself in pure enjoyment. In fact, after a short period of time she is forced to interrupt her dance with Alfredo Germont, her secret admirer whom she has just met, due to an acute coughing fit. Her guest is deeply moved by her suffering and on an impulse declares his feelings for her. Violetta gives him a present of a Camelia, promising to see him again when the flower has withered. The party ends; as soon as she is alone, the woman feels for the first time an intense feeling and ardently desires to meet with the young Alfredo.
Scene I
A country villa outside Paris
The two lovers have established themselves in a little country villa outside Paris, happy and without a care. Violetta, in fact, doesn't accept the party invitation which her friend Flora Bervoix has sent her. Alfredo discovers from Violetta's maid that Violetta has sold some of her jewels to pay their expenses. He goes to Paris to obtain some money to repay the sacrifices his loved one has made from them. Meanwhile, while Alfredo is absent, his father Giorgio Germont arrives unexpectedly and pleads with Violetta to break off her sinful affair with his son, for it is a dishonour for the family and is ruining Alfredo's financial situation. Violetta, however, shows him proof that it is she, in fact, who has financed everything he sees around him.
The delicate Violetta is torn between the harsh words of her loved one's father and her love for Alfredo. She defends her feelings but Germont reveals that the relationship is, in fact, impeding his daughter's marriage. On hearing this Violetta resigns herself to the sacrifice. When Alfredo returns he meets Violetta who is just leaving the cottage, but he thinks she is just going on a brief errand. He learns the truth when he receives her goodbye note and is grief stricken. Subsequently, he is embittered, however, when he comes across the invitation to Flora Bervoix's party. He runs off in search of a way to gain revenge.
Scene II
Paris. Flora Bervoix's party
Distressed but reconciled to the fact that she must keep an unbridgeable distance from her recent experience with love, Violetta returns to frequenting the glamorous Parisian society. She arrives at Flora's party alongside Baron Duphol. Alfredo has already arrived at the party and when he sees the baron, he challenges him to a game of cards. The latter loses a small fortune to Alfredo and Violetta is fearful of the consequences. She pleads with Alfredo to leave the party, but when he replies that he is only prepared to leave in her company, the young woman is forced to lie. She reveals that she has promised the baron that she will not see Alfredo any more and this information causes pure anger to arise in the young man. In front of all present, he throws the money he has just won in the card game with contempt at Violetta's feet, intending in this way to pay back the expenses she has incurred. Alfredo's father is witness to the shameful gesture and reproaches his son for it, without having the courage, however, to reveal the truth to him.
Paris. The bedroom of the dying Violetta
The sorrowful scene is due to the precarious health of Violetta, who is, at this stage, confined to her bed without hope. A letter from Alfredo's father comforts her marginally, because he informs her of having disclosed the secret to his son and announces that Alfredo will soon be arriving to implore forgiveness. Violetta waits anxiously for the moment where she can embrace her loved one and hopes for a future full of happiness with him. But the encounter transforms into a bitter-sweet moment: Violetta has only the strength to give him a present of a locket, and to whisper that from heaven she will pray for him. She then exhales her final breath.
Traviata, Parisienne prima donna representative of the "mal du siècle"
After the successful debut of Rigoletto, Giuseppe Verdi began to work on two new operas: Il Trovatore for the Teatro Apollo in Rome and another opera for the Teatro La Fenice in Venice. The composition of the second opera is more tormented. The reason being that Verdi couldn't choose a subject. The inspiration came at the first performance in Paris of the theatrical piece La dame aux camélias from Dumas Fils' book, written in 1848, strongly autobiographical and with a highly scandalistic subject matter. Giuseppe Verdi entrusted the drafting of the libretto to Francesco Maria Piave who in just five days wrote the script for Traviata, reproducing substantially the dramatic scheme of the story and dividing the opera into three acts compared to five in the original story.
The idea of putting music to a drama which was very much discussed at that time is, to say the least, an audacious undertaking and shows the great courage of Giuseppe Verdi: the main character of the story, Margherite Gautier did, in fact, really exist. Verdi's opera loyally follows Dumas's text and above all the spirit of the drama of the French writer, but the names of the characters are changed for reasons of discretion.
The Venetian censors, who were particularly tolerant when it came to this composer changed the title proposed by Verdi from Amore e morte to Traviata and moved the event to the XVIII century, to try and cancel the effect which was too realistic fed by the roughness of the subject. In fact, some of the spectators belonging to the high society might have been able to recognize themselves in the characters in the fictitious scene. However, apart from the overall provocative effect, all the audience had to do was to admire a normal melodramatic cliché.
For the first time Verdi uses a narrative technique which is unusual in a melodrama from that époque, applied however only to the music and without the help of the words. In modern terms we could call it a flashback. The listener is led by the hand in this voyage going back in time, through the Parisian parties, in a euphoric, light-hearted situation which contrasts with the image of Violetta who lies sick on her bed. The theme about consumption, the fashionable, romantic illness which troubles Violetta, was the inspiration for Verdi's best musical pieces.
After the initial difficulties, the opera was finally staged at the Teatro La Fenice on March 6th, 1853. Unfortunately it's first staging was unsuccessful: the singers were physically unsuited to the parts and as well as that some of them did not apply themselves very well. The following year Verdi changed the score, even if it was only slightly, to make it more suited to the new singers and on May 6th, 1854 the opera was performed at the Teatro San Benedetto in Venice and finally received the success it deserved.


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Latest update : 2012-10-26
Dallas at the Elysée (episode 3)
Three women and a president... we look at the latest episode in the endless saga of the president's lover and his ex. Ségolène Royal speaks out against Valérie Trierweiler and on the same day, Carla Bruni has advice for the First Lady in Elle magazine. We finish with some funky steps at the UN as Psy shows Ban Ki-moon how to "ride the invisible pony" (The Daily Beast's phrase, not mine!)


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How to Calculate the lifecycle of LTO4 tapes In Networker
Hi Friends,
Hope you all are doing well.
My Customer want me to physically destroy the media when their lifecycle gets over so I have below queries in mind . It will be great if some one can answer them :
1) How we can calculate the number of read/write on physical media ?? How much read/write should be allowed before declaring a media as physically expired and can be destroyed ?
2) After how much years a media should be declared to be destroyed?
3) Is possible in networker to track all these Information and send us an alert on their end of Life? Or Any script that can help me with this will great.??
Any advices?
Sudhir Ranjan
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You can look at investing in a LTO reader like the FujiFilm DC Analyser.
I was offered a demo of it once but didn't have a use for it, however this seems to be along the lines of what you're after.
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The lifecycle depends on so many issues, especially the environment, that nobody will give you a clear statement.
AFAIR, NW will not reuse tapes which are older than 2 years. However, this is NW's choice.
A lot of customers see the tapes as 'archival' media as well and keep them much longer. I have just read/migrated from LTO3 media to LTO5 without problems. The source tapes were at least 4 years old.
I am not sure about a supporting procedure - maybe EMC AlphaStor can help on this issue.
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4mm tapes versus LTO3 / LTO4 tapesBy o_q8 in forum Tape / Media LibraryReplies: 5Last Post: 04-01-2008, 11:52 AM


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XFX cards are generally more expensive then the other brands, however my experience with HIS has not been positive and if you were going down either the AMD or Nvidia route, go with an XFX Double D or a MSI Twin Frozr card. My first GPU that I ever bought was made by them, a 5770 and the fan made a lot of squeaking and whirring noises, it was pretty much an overpriced reference model to be perfectly honest.
The 6770 is reasonably smaller then the 6870, though the 6870 isn't a huge card, however you should be considering the fact that the EVGA 560 happens to be Superclocked, so it comes stock at higher speeds, however regardless it's still more powerful then the 6870. I have a MSI Twin Frozr 6870 and really like it, in the right case it's not super loud with the fans cranked up.
Go for something with dual fans, it's going to last longer and cool better, don't skimp out on single fan GPU's these days.


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You can tell a lot about singer/songwriter Mack Bailey by the musical company he keeps. Mack has been hailed as "the next great singer in folk music" by no less an authority than Glenn Yarbrough, the original tenor in the world renowned folk trio The Limeliters, with whom Mack now performs as they tour around the country.
The Swink girls' golf team will host Fowler girls' golf team Friday, beginning at 9 a.m. at the La Junta Golf Course.
Gary Cattarin, of Marlborough, was in a suite on the 30th floor of the Marriott Hotel, partying with members of the Squannicook Running Club, when the first explosion went off at last year�s Boston Marathon just before 3 p.m.
On Wednesday, the Lower Arkansas Valley Water Conservancy District entered into an intergovernmental agreement with Otero County for the purpose of creating the Arkansas Valley Rural Water Authority.
You may not have noticed, but momentum is building acro […]
PUEBLO — Both La Junta High School track and field teams finished in the top five in the Division II team standings at the John Tate Challenge Cup, which took place this past weekend at Dutch Clark Stadium.The La Junta...
WednesdayJuco Women's SoftballAdams State JV 3, Otero 0Otero 11, Adams State JV 5
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Jason Fraley, WTOP film critic
WASHINGTON - With recent revelations that the Holocaust was even worse than we thought, there's no substitute for the archival footage of documentaries like "Shoah" (1985) and "Night and Fog" (1955), which Francois Truffaut called the greatest movie ever made.
Their images, frozen in time, will always carry more weight than Hollywood's "The Diary of Anne Frank" (1959) or "Sophie's Choice" (1982). But if any narrative "fiction" film ever captured the dual horror and survival spirit of the Holocaust, it was "Schindler's List" (1993).
"'Schindler's List' is like looking through a tiny little pinhole at the most monstrous event of man's inhumanity against man in recorded history," director Steven Spielberg said.
This week, Universal marks the film's 20th anniversary with its first-ever high-def release on Blu-ray, and yet, it feels like just yesterday that Spielberg's masterpiece won seven Oscars, including Best Picture. This may be because its theme just carried us through another Spielberg war biopic in "Lincoln" (2012): one man's lonely quest against intolerance. Perhaps it's because its images are still seared into our brains: ashes of human flesh falling like snowflakes; conveyer belts dropping emaciated bodies into a fire pit; a young boy so desperate as to hide in the feces of a latrine. Or, perhaps its plot now feels like textbook history: Oskar Schindler, wealthy member of the Nazi Party, who traded it all to save 1,100 Polish Jews from annihilation.
Whatever the reason, we have never forgotten. Today, "Schindler's List" is hailed by both the critics and the public, voted No. 8 on the AFI's Top 100 and No. 8 on the IMDB fan poll. While "Citizen Kane" tops the AFI list, it falls to No. 46 on the IMDB fan poll, and while "The Shawshank Redemption" tops the fan poll, it's down at No. 72 with the AFI experts. Only "Schindler" and "The Godfather" make the Top 10 of both lists, championing that rare blend of academic and mainstream appeal.
So, 20 years later, what exactly makes "Schindler's List" so revered and so beloved?
The Script
The root of every great movie is a great script. Screenwriter Steve Zaillian ("Moneyball," "Gangs of New York") earned an Oscar for his adaptation of Thomas Keneally's acclaimed novel "Schindler's Ark." The title is fitting, considering the film charts "Schindler's arc," as in his character arc. In the beginning, he says he'll be remembered for making so much money. In the end, he laments not giving more of his money away in order to save more Jews from concentration camps. Throughout this transformation, Zaillian walks the tonal tightrope, mining eye-watering inspiration from the depths of darkness, just like its two colleagues in the AFI's Top 3 Most Inspirational Films: "To Kill a Mockingbird" (1962) and "It's a Wonderful Life" (1946). For all this, Zaillian's script ranked No. 49 on the WGA's Top 101 Screenplays of All Time.
The Acting
Such character arcs would not have worked if not for great performances. Today, audiences know Liam Neeson from "Taken" and "Batman Begins," but he was never better as Oskar Schindler, turning him into the AFI's No. 13 Greatest Hero of All Time. On the dark side of the same coin is Ralph Fiennes, whom kids now know as Voldemort in "Harry Potter," but who was never better as Amon Goeth, sniping prisoners from his balcony before taking his morning piss, creating the AFI's No. 15 Villain of All Time. Finally, third wheels don't get any better than Ben Kingsley, Best Actor from "Gandhi" (1982), who carried a copy of "The Diary of Anne Frank" in his pocket during filming and literally shook while delivering the film's seminal line: "The list is an absolute good. The list is life."
"All of us on the set had this enormous privilege of being the voice of a terrible period and saying to the audience, 'Ladies and gentlemen, it breaks my heart to tell you, but it's all true,'" Kingsley said.
The Music
Even with the script's eloquent dialogue and actors' power performances, it would all have been rendered meaningless if not for the proper soundtrack. For this, Spielberg turned to favorite composer John Williams.
"When he showed me 'Schindler's List,' I was so moved I could barely speak," Williams told The Guardian. "I remember saying to him, 'Steven, you need a better composer than I am to do this film.' And he said, 'I know, but they're all dead.'"
The result will live on long after Williams is gone. After scoring "Jaws," "Star Wars," "Close Encounters of the Third Kind," "Superman," "Raiders of the Lost Ark," "E.T." and "Jurassic Park," Williams somehow topped himself again with "Schindler's List" with a heart-wrenching violin bow sliding across our heart strings. The score earned Williams his fifth and final Oscar for Best Original Score.
The Vision
Just as Williams was intimidated to score "Schindler's List," Spielberg was initially hesitant to take on the project. He first got his hands on the book "Schindler's Ark" a year after directing "Raiders of the Lost Ark," but he didn't quite feel ready. As Spielberg said, "It took me 10 years of emotional development in order to say, 'Now I'm ready to make Schindler's List.'"
It was well worth the wait, as Spielberg matured from the maker of mass entertainment to true cinematic artist, finally winning his first Oscar for Best Director with "Schindler's List" and setting up his second win for "Saving Private Ryan" (1998) five years later.
The 20-year wait underscored highbrow Oscar stereotypes as the Academy only accepted Spielberg after making a slower-paced, European-based historical drama, when he could have just as easily won for "Jaws" (1975), a damn well-made movie, or "E.T. The Extra Terrestrial," which brought a standing ovation at Cannes. Award season is a funny thing, but take solace in knowing that "Schindler's List" holds Spielberg's best directing, a string of techniques fit for any film theory class. Strap on your backpacks; it's time to go to school:
Slow Disclosure: Spielberg introduces us to Schindler without showing his face. Instead, we get close-ups of his belongings: a cuff link, a tie loop, an arm moving through a sleeve like a magician, a pocket handkerchief, German Reichsmarks, a watch and a Nazi pin. We then follow Schindler in a tracking shot, staring at the back of his head, allowing him to leave the frame, then waiting for just the right time to show our hero's face.
Transitions: In the above clip, you'll notice flashbulb freeze frames similar to Scorsese's "Raging Bull" (1980). They display Spielberg's masterful use of transitions, as "Schindler" repeatedly wipes the screen with typewriter close- ups similar to "All the President's Men" (1976). My favorite transition comes in the beginning as Spielberg tilts upward on the rising smoke of a modern Jewish holiday candle, then tilts back down on the smokestack of a 1940s train. My second favorite is the disturbing transition from a Mazel-tov glass smash to Goeth's brutal beating of Helen Hirsch.
Montage: Helen's beating also displays Spielberg's use of montage in the rapid cutting of various images. The montage technique most effectively works as Schindler auditions various secretaries. With each cut, Schindler gets closer and closer to the attractive girls he's auditioning, until finally, we cut to an unattractive typist where Schindler sits far away, unimpressed. Without any dialogue, Spielberg has visually painted Schindler as a shrewd womanizer, using distance between two characters to make a point (like Welles at the dinner table with his wife in "Citizen Kane").
Single Take: Of course, quick cutting is not always best. Different scenes call for different directorial techniques. So, in a scene where Goeth's gun jams as he tries to execute a Jewish worker, it makes more sense for a long single-take, as we experience the real-time suspense along with the victim.
Power Roles: The duration of the shot isn't the only effective technique. The angle of the shot is equally telling, as in the scene where Schindler's wife Emilie walks in on him and his mistress. As Schindler sits in a chair beneath her, we cut to a high-angle shot where the wife is larger in the frame, looking down on a small Schindler. First-time viewers may not notice such a technique, but it subconsciously makes us feel like Schindler is emotionally smaller, and the wife has the moral high ground.
Mise-en-Scene: Don't be intimidated by the fancy film term: it's just a fancy French word for the symbolic placements of all elements in the frame. This is used in a wideshot of Neeson and Fiennes with a vertical shadow dividing them. Fittingly, when Helena enters the room, she stands on Schindler's side, visually begging for him to save her from Goeth. Also, note the "mise-en-scene" of Spielberg's shots through window panes. The first time we meet Schindler in his greedy Nazi state, he appears to the left side of a window pane. Later, after he sees the light and tries to save Jewish workers from Goeth, note that Goeth is now on the left side of the window pane and Schindler is on the right. In other words, he is now on the right side of history.
Objective vs. Subjective Camera: "Schindler's List" is also perfect to teach the difference between objective camera (observing from the distant eyes of fate) versus subjective camera (seeing things from a character's point of view). This is on clear display in Goeth's sniping scene, with objective shots of he and his rifle, and POV shots through his scope. Spielberg did the same for Vin Diesel's demise in the sniping scene of "Saving Private Ryan."
Diegetic Sound:Throughout the film, Spielberg blends these visual techniques with powerful audio elements. Case in point: during the liquidation of Krakow, a high angle shows the town's building windows lighting up with flashes of gunfire to a chillingly upbeat Bach piano accompaniment. This music is played by a Nazi soldier, highlighting the difference between diegetic sound (sound coming from an on-screen source) and non-diegtic sound (sound coming from an off-screen source, like John Williams' musical score).
Black & White vs. Color: Perhaps most important is Spielberg's decision to shoot in black-and-white, reflecting the historical photographs of any Holocaust textbook. These were made all the more real by shooting on location in Schindler's actual factory, his actual Krakow apartment and outside the actual gates of Auschwitz, and the decision to shoot roughly 40 percent of the film with hand-held cameras. The black-and-white images earned cinematographer Janusz Kaminski the first Oscar of his career, setting up his second win for "Private Ryan" and six total nominations, including "Lincoln."
"I tried to be as close to a journalist in recording this re-creation, more than being a filmmaker trying to heighten the suspense or action or the pathos," Spielberg said. "The black-and-white and hand-held camera gives the film sort of a 'cinema verite,' documentary feel. It embodied the truth we were trying to explore and communicate what happened. It made it seem more real, somehow."
This black-and-white reality is momentarily broken by a touch of red. As Schindler watches the 1943 liquidation of the ghetto, he focuses on a young girl, making her way through the chaos, wearing a bright red coat. Spielberg's goal is to highlight the importance of a single, solitary life, setting up a shockwave of emotion when we get the payoff later in the film. The actress who played the young girl, 24- year-old Oliwia Dabrowska, recently said she regretted watching the traumatic film at such a young age, vowing to never watch it again. She promised Spielberg she'd give it another shot another shot at age 18 and realized she was part of something special.
Legacy: The 20th Anniversary Blu-ray
Just like the little girl in the red coat, we should all go back and give "Schindler's List" another look. The 20th anniversary Blu-ray is the perfect chance to do that, despite a disappointing set of Bonus Features. The "Voices from the List" documentary is a powerful 1-hour-16 minute-collection of testimony from many of the same Schindler Jews who appear in the film's final sequence, walking hand-in-hand with the actors who portrayed them and placing stones on the real-life Schindler gravestone. However, this documentary was already featured on the last DVD release.
The only new features are a 4:42 advertisement for the USC Shoah Foundation and a 3:34 promo for the iWitness program, both raising awareness for the Holocaust and other modern genocides from Rwanda to Darfur, Cambodia to Armenia, Bosnia to Herzevgovina. Spielberg appears in the doc to say, "All these examples of intolerance and racial hatred have to be taught so the young people, the next generation, will never let this happen again."
Despite the lack of new bonus material, the Blu-ray is well worth the price of admission solely for the hi-def version. "Schindler's List" has never looked better, proving that black-and-white films, when remastered properly, can look just as sharp as the latest color releases. It's also a worthwhile purchase to have the entire film on one Blu-ray disc, compared to the old DVD set that divided the 3-hour movie onto two discs right as a Nazi official announces the Final Solution -- an abrupt intermission that kills the film's momentum.
A lot has changed since "Schindler's List" -- Spielberg has created the TV miniseries "Band of Brothers" (2001) with a "Why We Fight" Holocaust episode; Quentin Tarantino has given Jews revisionist history revenge in "Inglourious Basterds" (2007); and Kate Winslet has won an Oscar for her Holocaust portrayal in "The Reader" (2008). But the more things change, the more they stay the same, as we continue to hear Holocaust denials from leaders like Iran's Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
Such statements remind me of a scene in Woody Allen's "Hannah and Her Sisters" (1986), where Max von Sydow cites the Holocaust for the dark possibilities of mankind: "The question is not how could this happen, but why doesn't it happen more often?" With such a thought, it's all the more important for prominent voices to keep the Schindler candle burning.
"No one can do anything to fix the past," Spielberg said. "The Holocaust already happened. But a picture like this can impact us, delivering a mandate about what must never happen again."
★ ★ ★ ★
The above rating is based on a 4-star scale.
Follow @JasonFraleyWTOP or check out his blog The Film Spectrum.
© 2013 WTOP. All Rights Reserved.


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Just like the name suggests, it all started with a pair of socks! An unmistakable icon of Americana, the sock monkey is an enduring and beloved toy that has belonged to the youth of many generations. Back in the early 1900's in Rockford, IL, a sock manufacturer named John Nelson developed the first seamless heeled socks intended as work socks. He later added a signature red heel known as "Rockfords" that quickly grew in popularity among the masses. It wasn't until the Great Depression that resourceful crafters began making monkey shaped stuffed animals out of worn out Rockford socks. Often fashioned by grandma out of grandpa's old work socks, the sock monkey was originally padded with pairs of old nylons, with sewn-on buttons for eyes. The trend exploded and is now the recognizable icon we know and love today. A true product of imagination, our nostalgic and kitschy sock monkey collection make great gifts for both young and old. Recognizable and lovable, the sock monkey has seen many incarnations over the years but remain a classic companion for their bright red lips, long legs, and cozy nature.
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- Theater Review: 'Me, My Mouth & I,' Joy Behar's One-Woman Show
- Ernest Kinoy, a Writer of TV's 'Roots,' Dies at 89
- The Week Ahead: Hey, I'm Going 55. Cough Up the Cash.
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text: The first ever compilation of Indonesian psychedelia from AKA is a great one – fuzzy prog and funk steeped jams that the group tore up throughout the 70s – as cool as any single artist global rock compilations we've seen in quite a while! The group formed in Surabaya, East Java and went on to record a slew of albums throughout the 70s, but never really busted out big in it's time. Now's a great time for the world to catch up! They sing in English, and the songs are really exciting, changing tempos as they roll along incredibly, with a sound built around drums, bass, keys and guitars. Lead singer and keyboard player shines pretty brightly, but each group member sings and kills it in their own realms. Amazing! Includes "Do What You Like", "Glenmore", "Reflection", "We've Gotta Work It Out". "Cruel Side", "Groovy", "Mr Bull Doc", "Shake Me", "Crazy Joe", "Open Doors", "Sky Rider" and the CD bonus track "AKA Untuk Mu". 15 in all. (Limited edition.) © 1996-2014, Dusty Groove, Inc.


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Greatest Game Series of the Decade: Sweet 16 Rundown
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Everything you ever wanted to know about the Battlefield series in one handy video. Presented by Danny O'Dwyer.
Next installment in Electronic Arts' multiplayer wartime shooter supposedly set in current day, due for release in late 2008
Trauma Studios ex-pats return to the frontlines with a new development house and a new publisher; lead designer Frank DeLise and THQ biz dev boss Dan Kelly talk about the ...
Transaction this week makes EA the majority owner of BF 1942, BF Vietnam developer.
Publisher picks up additional shareholder votes and extends its offer for another month.
[UPDATE] Digital Illusions stockholders balk at EA's buyout offer; deal that was to close December 27 now in limbo.
New $39.95 combo pack features Battlefield 1942, Road to Rome, Secret Weapons of World War II, and other subsequently released content.
Latest twist on Battlefield 1942 treats gamers to trench warfare.
This edition of TenSpot explores the staff picks for the top ten best first person shooters of all time.
BF1942 mod squad Trauma Studios will get $500,000 to assist the Swedish developer with an unnamed project.
The WWII shooter's latest update contains the Battle of Caen, Nazi helicopters, and a patrol boat-load of fixes.
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Ever-popular online WWII shooter gets hit with a whopping great 250 MB update.
v1.5 adds a new Philippines map, a USMC skin, two boats, and more to the ever-popular WWII shooter.
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A term for someone who is a total loser. Often claims to be gangster and wishes they were black. Also, Mardins like to claim to play sports when in actuality they are the waterboy aka "team manager" aka cum guzzler.
That kid is a total Mardin. He sucks 25 cocks a second.
Por White_Ranger 15 de noviembre de 2009


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WASHINGTON - Once again, efforts to allow Virginia schools to open before Labor Day have effectively died in the General Assembly.
A House bill that would have repealed what is known as the "Kings Dominion law" is unlikely to be considered by the Senate, which voted down a similar bill last week.
Northern Virginia school districts have been pushing for years to change the law so they could open in late August, like many schools across the country, without seeking a waiver from the Virginia Board of Education.
School officials argue that starting after the Labor Day holiday puts their students at an academic disadvantage on national tests.
But tourist destinations, such as amusement parks and beaches, say they need their student workers for that extra week or two. And the tourist industry continues to pressure lawmakers.
"I do know the business community particularly from the tourist areas Williamsburg, Tidewater, that area, opposed it," says Del. Tom Rust, R-Herndon.
"All the schools in North Carolina go back much earlier and it doesn't seem to have a negative impact on their tourist areas there."
Efforts to repeal the law last year also passed the House but failed in the Senate.
WTOP's Hank Silverberg contributed to this report. Follow @hsilverbergWTOP and @WTOP on Twitter.
© 2013 WTOP. All Rights Reserved.


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Joined: 05 Apr 2007
Posts: 532
Posted: Fri Apr 12, 2013 1:07 am
Post subject:
OK...I get non-EA gunboats now. That sounds workable. I assume the effect of damage would be printed on the card for reference.
I really like the idea of gunboats to help with those handful of points left over.
Don't like the idea of leaders, scouts, tenders in FC. BoM for those.
Speed is life; Patience is victory
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Sneaky Scot
Lieutenant Commander
Joined: 11 Jan 2007
Posts: 387
Location: Thornbury, Gloucestershire
Posted: Sat Apr 13, 2013 10:17 am
Post subject:
I really like Mike West's thoughts on gunboats. Simple, no EA, but still keeps the feeling about right (admittedly without playing them). Definitely keep leaders & scouts for BoM. I'd also prefer to keep 6 shields than use interceptor shields, although I wouldn't rule out interceptors under a similar version of the rules Mike has outlined.
Nothing is quite as persuasive as a disruptor pistol on slow burn and a rotisserie......
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Joined: 05 Apr 2007
Posts: 532
Posted: Sat Apr 13, 2013 2:29 pm
Post subject:
I could go either way on the shields. The two shields will make the PFs last longer though since it's take more hits to down that one shield and get the "pop"
Speed is life; Patience is victory
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Lieutenant Commander
Joined: 07 May 2009
Posts: 275
Location: Glasgow,Scotland
Posted: Tue Oct 29, 2013 12:03 am
Post subject:
I think that this observation should really go under this topic,in that there already is a PF/Gunboat in FC. It may not be apparent at first glance,and may also be a reason that the Feds never built a true PF. This ship is as fast as a gunboat,can load all weapons,move at 32,pay for EM and an HET and still have some spare power(1.25 points);it's also cheaper than any other gunboat ever produced. To top it off,this ship requires no Tender and there is already a cargo variant available. The downside of this 'gunboat' is weak shields and the turn mode of a cruiser.
The identity of this little godsend,the APT/AC,and at just 22/25 pts is a real steal. The good thing is that every nation has them.
Federal Republic of Aurora fleet builder.
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Joined: 05 Apr 2007
Posts: 532
Posted: Tue Oct 29, 2013 1:28 am
Post subject:
Are you serious?
The APT has 1 Ph-3, that's it.
The AC isn't much better armed.
They can go 32 and load everything because they don't have anything to load.
A PF will rock anything less than a cruiser and even the cruiser will feel some pain for destroying a PF.
The APT and AC don't fit the bill.
Check out the G1L in commander's circle to see the difference between the APT/AC and a gunboat. If you drop all the yellow boxes, you'll have a standard G1.
Gunboats have 3-5 heavy weapons plus phasers and the power to use them.
Speed is life; Patience is victory
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Joined: 16 Jan 2007
Posts: 797
Location: North Carolina
Posted: Tue Oct 29, 2013 2:32 am
Post subject:
Ran a set of Howlers (old models), headlong straight into a B-10. He tried to take shots at several at end of one turn, others first chance next turn.
With a couple cripples and another mangled, the B-10 (resembling Swiss cheese) with 9 Stinger-2s about to fly down his throat conceded.
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Joined: 08 Oct 2006
Posts: 3498
Location: Dallas, Texas
Posted: Tue Oct 29, 2013 3:59 am
Post subject:
Let's be a little more reasonable on the description of gunboats.
They have 1-2 heavy weapons and 2-1 secondary weapons. They then have 2-4 phasers. They also have a point value of about 40 points. They are great gap-fillers and great little attrition units. But they are not world-beaters.
The ancient Howlers (Hydran with Ph-Gs) and the ancient Buccaneers (Orion with 4 option mounts) were ludicrously unbalanced and are worthless to provide any useful comparisons. I would expect to never see the Howler in Federation Commander.
Federation Commander Answer Guy
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Joined: 08 Oct 2006
Posts: 1577
Location: Ontario, Canada
Posted: Tue Oct 29, 2013 4:45 am
Post subject:
The range of costs (and capabilities) would vary more for the Omega boats than for their Alpha counterparts.
For example, a standard Maesron PF has a split BPV of 35/70, with the PFL clocking in at 60/85. But, rather than the six-boat flotillas seen as standard in the Alpha Octant, the Alliance deploys these boats in groups of four.
(On the other end of the spectrum, the robotic Drex have a much smaller PF that costs 30/50, but which can be deployed in flotillas as large as eight!)
In this case, the five current
Omega playtest empires would be on the Maesron side of the spectrum flotilla-size-wise. The Trobrin, Iridani, and Probr also fly four-boat flotillas, while the (conjectural) PFs for the Federal Republic would have been flown in groups of six, had they been built. (The choice of including those FRA boats here may depend on the precedent set by the Federation. If Star Fleet gets to build its own conjectural* boats here, the door would then be open for the Aurorans to follow suit.)
Ironically, the Aurorans were the ones to innovate the "volatile warp" technology that made these boats possible, but sold the technology to their Maesron allies rather than adopt such boats themselves. The Alliance would then try to pass on "volatile warp" tech to their former neighbours and rivals, in a desperate bid to avoid mutual extinction at the hands of the Andromedans. But the flexibility of the technology allows each adopting empire to go its own way, leading to the disparity in gunboat sizes (and flotilla numbers) seen across the octant.
Of course, the first wave of rules - whatever they may end up being - will be aimed at handling the "hot warp" boats of the Alpha Octant first. But as part of the
Omega project, I would hope that adapting such rules to handle "volatile warp" boats will be something that could be worked out once the first step towards getting gunboats into
) is eventially made.
*Well, conjectural in the primary timeline, at any rate. In the Andromedan "dark future" timeline described in
Module C3A
, those Feds are forced to start building their own PFs in 2598.
Omega Discussion (v3)
LMC Discussion
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Lieutenant Commander
Joined: 07 May 2009
Posts: 275
Location: Glasgow,Scotland
Posted: Tue Oct 29, 2013 8:07 am
Post subject:
Now I didn't say that it was a real PF,but that it has the capabilities of one. This ship uses drones as it's heavy weapons,much like the early Kzinti frigates did and has the phaser firepower to match. If you don't think that this ship is powerful enough to pass as a gunboat,then run a standard 125pt Heavy Cruiser against 5 of these ships and see.
As I tried to say in the BB vs two ships post,try running a BB against 16 of these gunboats and see who dies.
Comparing the AC with a G-1L,the G-1L has a disruptor more,but that's it weapon wise.( The AC has a ph-1 instead). Both have 2 drone racks,the Klingons with type-A and an ADD & the AC with type-G. Now here comes the real deal,you can buy two AC's for the cost of one G-1L,which although having only 1/2 the shielding of the G-1L,now gives you twice the firepower,(2xph-1;4xph-2;4xtype-g droneracks),which deal make more sense to you?
Federal Republic of Aurora fleet builder.
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Joined: 05 Apr 2007
Posts: 532
Posted: Wed Oct 30, 2013 12:52 am
Post subject:
With the heavy weapon numbers, I was probably thinking more along the lines of the Plasma PFs with 5 Pl-Fs. Today of course, I remember they could only launch 2(?) per turn. Not sure, haven't played SFB in a long time. Of course, I don't have any of those PF SSDs so the memory is proving to be very faulty.
My first take on the AC as PF had a lot of SFB thought in it too. In SFB, the AC had to pay for life support, fire control, shields, etc. so it couldn't go speed 31 and do everything like a PF could. Add in the nimble status, 2 Free HETs, etc. to that, and the AC didn't pass my smell test. Of course, I was mixing too many games
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Fleet Captain
Joined: 24 Jul 2008
Posts: 1883
Posted: Wed Oct 30, 2013 9:45 am
Post subject:
If you don't think that this ship is powerful enough to pass as a gunboat,then run a standard 125pt Heavy Cruiser against 5 of these ships and see.
As I tried to say in the BB vs two ships post,try running a BB against 16 of these gunboats and see who dies.
Also a good way to see why gunboats really need to be done differently to ships! How much EA and fiddly stuff just to equal a heavy cruiser, 16 to equal a BB - even though I've done a lot of larger games I don't think I've ever done that many, 14 is the most I did from memory, that being a lot of Andro satelitte ships and that can get onerous, but at least it was a multi thousand point game, not a 300-400 point game.
No EA would be a good start, simpler/faster damage allocation would be nice as well.
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Joined: 05 Apr 2007
Posts: 532
Posted: Thu Oct 31, 2013 12:15 am
Post subject:
You were right. The AC is a tough little customer. Ran a game today and included it in the fleet. I'll have to remember to include that one whenever I have 25 points sitting around.
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Lieutenant Commander
Joined: 07 May 2009
Posts: 275
Location: Glasgow,Scotland
Posted: Thu Oct 31, 2013 12:32 am
Post subject:
It just goes to show,that there are some nice hidden gems of ships already in FC,if we only learn to look at the capabilities of them carefully. This is a gem that's been so easily overlooked in the past by being thought of as only a cheap convoy escort,and much poorer than a POL cutter. What I've tried to do here is show that even the little ships in this game can surprise you.
I feel sorry for any Orion that attacks a convoy guarded by a few of these AC's.
Federal Republic of Aurora fleet builder.
Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes.
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Fleet Captain
Joined: 01 Feb 2007
Posts: 2929
Location: Seattle, WA
Posted: Thu Oct 31, 2013 4:30 am
Post subject:
I love the Armed Cutter. It's a great "points filler". I'd much rather have a barely-useful ship than no ship and just have the other guy hand me some VPs (which my groups rarely bothered with anyways).
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Lieutenant Commander
Joined: 07 May 2009
Posts: 275
Location: Glasgow,Scotland
Posted: Fri Nov 01, 2013 8:15 pm
Post subject:
Whereas the AC is a sweet little ship,I'm afraid to say that the Striker Skiff just doesn't cut it. This ship is very limited in it's capabilities,both offensively and defensively. It is not as fast as the AC,well it can just manage to go 32,but it only has one point of power left if it does so.
Shields:- Now where do I start,two hemisphere shields which only match one of the AC's.(Even a small freighter has better shields than this).
Weapons:-2xph-2's(360) and a type A drone rack.
Turn mode:-B(one step better than the AC).
Systems:- Ok,here it is actually better than the AC,in that it has a probe launcher and cargo space.
Points:- 27pts I'm sorry,but I really cannot see why you would ever use this ship,maybe if the hemi-shields were 15 pts each,then maybe it might have some redeaming qualities,but for the points,it's just not worth it.
Federal Republic of Aurora fleet builder.
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It should be obvious from the title of this website that I love tahini. Before I chose to become a vegan I didn't even know tahini existed. Looking back, I really wish I had discovered tahini sooner. I just can't seem to get enough of the stuff! Unfortunately, tahini is very expensive and Tim and I shop on a budget. When I find myself scraping the last teaspoon of tahini from a jar, I get pretty sad. It is incredibly versatile: sauces, breads, baked treats, dressings, spreads, straight from the jar (no, not really!!)…
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Latest update : 2012-01-12
A new start for France's relations with Rwanda?
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Pokémon Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire have arrived!
Check BNN and Bulbanews for up-to-date Pokémon news and discuss it on the forums or in our IRC channel.
Town Channel
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The Town Channel is a channel that broadcasts the top three parts of the towns and cities in both Johto and Kanto. It is broadcasted by an unknown announcer. It switches every hour with the Street Corner Channel.
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Statement as issued Friday by the Fort Wayne Police Department:
Date/Time of Incident: February 1, 2013/4:46 AM
Location of Incident: 909 E. Coliseum Blvd. (BP Gas Station)
Victim: BP Gas Station
Loss: Cash Loss
Date/Time of Incident: February 1, 2013/6:48 AM
Location of Incident: 6520 Lima Rd. (Marathon Gas Station)
Victim: Marathon Gas Station
Loss: Cash Loss
Fort Wayne Police Department Detectives are presently investigating gas station Armed Robberies that occurred on February 1, 2013 at 4:46 AM and 6:48 AM respectively. At approximately 4:46 am Officers responded to the area of 900 Coliseum Blvd. (BP gas station) in regards to an unknown problem. Upon arrival Officers ascertained that an Armed Robbery occurred. The gas station clerk advised Officers that a black male approached him while he was cleaning and put a gun to his head. The suspect told the clerk that this is a robbery and demanded money. The clerk advised that there was another suspect taking the cash register. The clerk was threatened and then struck a few times by the suspect brandishing the gun. The suspects took the cash register and the clerk's wallet and fled in an unknown direction of travel.
Roughly two hours later another call for service (regarding) an armed robbery occurred at 6520 Lima Rd. (Marathon gas station). Officers made the scene and were advised by the clerk that a younger male suspect wearing a black hooded sweat shirt with the hood up and black pants pointed a handgun in his face and demanded money. The clerk advised that then second robber in his early twenties began yelling at him to open the cash drawer. The clerk then opened the drawer and handed it to the robber. The suspects then fled North with an unknown disclosed amount of money.
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One suspect is (described) as being in his early twenties, black male, between 5'3 and 5'9, wearing a black hooded sweat shirt. The other suspect is described as being a lighter (skinned) male black, slim, with no facial hair wearing a white t-shirt and dark pants, in his early twenties between 5'8 and 5'9.
This Incident remains under investigation by the City of Fort Wayne Police Department and The Allen County Prosecuting Attorney's Office.View comments


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Zen Fountain
Item# 05-0472
Handmade from natural elements
Gift wrapping available
Create a contemplative space with this fountain's artful arrangement of natural elements. It combines a handmade copper bowl, two copper bars, tumbled slate, trickling water and a flickering tea light (bamboo not included). The Chinese symbol for prosperity is hand-painted on the upper slate tile. Adjustable flow rate. USA.
Print9"L x 9"W x 6"H
4 lbs
6' cord
4 lbs
6' cord
Rated 3.8 out of 5 by 6 reviewers.
Rated 2 out of 5 by Butterfly77 this product splashes all over my table no matter what setting I set it on. I have to constantly wipe water off so that the water doesn't ruin the wood :( July 2, 2014
Rated 5 out of 5 by froggie1 Zen fountain I love this little fountain. Not only is it nice to look at, it works well. The sound of the water is very relaxing. If the motor is a bit loud for you, just put it on a placemat. October 2, 2012
Rated 3 out of 5 by SharpS Works well My wife and I enjoy this fountain. At first I thought the hum was from the motor but then discovered that it came from the table top. We put a piece of cloth under the bowl and the hum (vibration) disappeared. The reason I rated the fountain a three is that the bowl we received was not as pretty as, and was a different shape from, the bowl in the picture. October 31, 2011
Rated 4 out of 5 by YogaAly Beautiful -- just a bit noisy I am quite happy with the look of this fountain -- and with the gentle sound of the water. My one concern is with the sound of the pump motor which hums slightly. Other than that, this is a nice addition to my meditation space. August 2, 2010
Rated 4 out of 5 by gaiamreview Nice fountain This fountain is largely what I had hoped it would be: easy to put together, looks very nice, great size for a side table, attractive materials. I bought it because of the positive review on the site, especially the point about the quiet motor. Unfortunately, while it is wonderfully quiet sometimes, it's noisy at other times. I don't know what makes the difference, since I haven't changed anything on the fountain when it's quieter vs louder. I will say this: it's better than other tabletop fountains I've had in the past in terms of functionality and noise. I'm glad I bought it, despite the noise variability. March 31, 2010
(5 Questions : 8 Answers)
Product Q&A
Ask your questions. Share your answers.
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1 answer
Does it splatter?
Every time I've tried a tabletop fountain, it's always splattered on the surface around it, unless I turn the water flow down so low, I can't hear it. And then, what's the point of a fountain? Can I hear the water with this fountain and not make a mess on the furniture?
1 year, 2 months ago
Littleton, CO, USA
Top 10 Contributor
Answer:The Zen fountain does not splatter- We had a sample in our office and we never had to wipe off any water around it. With this said, your experience could be different. If you are not satisfied with the item after you use it, please let us know and we will gladly assist you to complete your return. ( 1-877-989-6321)
1 year, 2 months ago
I have purchased the fountain and love it. How does one clean it? How often? Are there any additives that should be added to the water to eliminate spores?
Two. How would you to plant bamboo shoots in bowl? Would roots clog the pump? How to you secure the shoots? Are they free standing? Obviously, this is my first experience with an indoor fountain.
Thank You
Two. How would you to plant bamboo shoots in bowl? Would roots clog the pump? How to you secure the shoots? Are they free standing? Obviously, this is my first experience with an indoor fountain.
Thank You
5 years, 3 months ago
Number One Contributor
Answer:You should add water as needed and completely change your water weekly. If you want to add bamboo you would have to get a little cup or something to make them stand up unless you just get the glass fishtanks stones (mermaid tears) to prop them up with. You can just trim the roots on the bamboo if they start getting unruly they can take it. You don't need to add anything to the water but using distilled or filtered water is best.
5 years, 3 months ago
Gaiam Corporate Office
2 answers
How is the cord attached?
Does it come out the top and overlap or is it hardwired in? If it is hardwired would the pump be replaceable if it were to burn out?
5 years, 5 months ago
Top 250 Contributor
Answer:The cord comes up over the top rim of the bowl. Yes, if the pump needed to be replaced, that would be easy to do.
4 years, 3 months ago
Number One Contributor
Answer:The cord comes out the top.
5 years, 5 months ago
Gaiam Corporate Office
5 years, 10 months ago
Top 250 Contributor
Answer:It has a cord that comes up over the top rim of the bowl and plugs into an outlet.
4 years, 3 months ago
Answer:Thank you for your question. This plugs in to a standard outlet.
5 years, 10 months ago
6 years ago
Norwalk, CT
Top 250 Contributor
Answer:The diameter of the bowl is 9 1/2 inches. The height is 4 1/2 inches.
4 years, 3 months ago
Answer:The dimensions are 9"L x 9"W x 6"H.
6 years ago
1 of 1
1 of 1


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© Terezín Memorial, Herman's Collection
The music is very melodic, but spiky and unsentimental. The opera tells the story of two young kids, Aninka and Pepicek, trying to get milk for their sick mother. They don't have enough money to buy any and are persecuted by the organ-grinder Brundibár, whose music is hugely popular with the public. In despair, Aninka and Pepicek are helped by three animals—a sparrow, a cat and a dog (depicted in the music by piccolo, legato violin and clarinet). They sing a lullaby when they finally get their milk and it ends with a victory march. All the main tunes are included in the suite (devised by Petr Pokorný in the 1990s). This is the first recording of David Matthews' version for string quartet, piano, flute, clarinet, trumpet and percussion, specially commissioned by The Nash Ensemble.
from notes by Simon Broughton © 2013


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Tom Cleverley admits he is baffled by some media criticism aimed at Rio Ferdinand after the defender produced another polished performance at Newcastle.
The centre-back was harshly highlighted in some quarters after Gareth Bale used his exceptional pace to score for Tottenham in the 3-2 win at Old Trafford but has been in top form this term.
Following a superb display at Liverpool in the Reds' previous Barclays Premier League trip on the road, Ferdinand was at his vintage best again at the Sports Direct Arena.
"People were doubting Rio but he's had one bad game in about six months," Cleverley told MUTV. "He was fantastic along with Rafael, Patrice [Evra] and Jonny [Evans] for anyone doubting our defence.
"We have conceded a few goals due to some small mistakes this season but that's a team thing - not just the defence. I couldn't believe some of the stuff I read about Rio in the week. It's definitely not deserved is that."
Evans, Ferdinand's partner on Sunday, was also full of praise for the former West Ham and Leeds stopper.
"The thing with Rio is that he is so experienced," the Northern Irishman told MUTV. "He cruises through games.
"He comes off at the end and there is not a bit of sweat on him, he could probably play on and on. But that just shows the quality he has got and the experience."