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Kingdom - Animals -
Phylum - Vertebrates -
Class - Amphibians -
Order - Frogs / Toads -
Family - True Toads -
Species - Woodhouse's Toad -
Anaxyrus woodhousii
Woodhouse's Toad -
Anaxyrus woodhousii
Other Names:
Bufo woodhousii
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WoodHouse's Toad Call, Copyright Doug Von Gausig, 1997
General Description
Adults have dry skin with small warts, and are gray, brown, or olive green with paler mottling or spots. A prominent white or yellowish line runs down the center of the back (very young transformed toads typically lack the dorsal line and often have reddish brown warts). Adult body length is 2.5 to 5 inches. Parallel cranial crests are present between the eyes and the post-orbital crests connect them at a right angle behind the eyes; the post-orbital crests typically touch the parotoid glands. If a lump is present on the snout it does not extend back between the eyes. Adults have two black tubercles on each hind foot. Eggs and Tadpoles: Similar to the Western Toad.
Diagnostic Characteristics
The Western Toad lacks cranial crests. The Great Plains Toad has large, white-bordered, dark dorsal blotches. The Canadian Toad has a lump between the eyes and frequently has the parotoid gland separate from the post-orbital crest, which is often broken. Note: it is difficult to distinguish among the four Montana toad species in recently transformed toadlets.
Species Range
Montana Range
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Western Hemisphere Range
Summary of Observations Submitted for Montana
Number of Observations:
(Click on the following maps and charts to see full sized version)
Map Help and Descriptions
Relative Density
(Records associated with a range of dates are excluded from time charts)
Adults are partially terrestrial but usually found near water; they typically breed in permanent lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and slow streams, where they prefer shallow areas with mud bottoms. They are usually found in irrigated agricultural areas and floodplains. Breeding and egg laying is spread out over spring and early summer. Most records are from non-forested eastern MT, but some occur in transition vegetation in ponderosa pine and savannah forests (Black 1970). Found in floodplains and moist grass areas around water (Black 1970, Baxter and Stone 1980).
Ecological Systems Associated with this Species
Details on Creation and Suggested Uses and Limitations
How Associations Were Made
We associated the use and habitat quality (high, medium, or low) of each of the 82 ecological systems mapped in Montana for vertebrate animal species that regularly breed, overwinter, or migrate through the state by:
Using personal observations and reviewing literature that summarize the breeding, overwintering, or migratory habitat requirements of each species (Dobkin 1992, Hart et al. 1998, Hutto and Young 1999, Maxell 2000, Foresman 2001, Adams 2003, and Werner et al. 2004);
Evaluating structural characteristics and distribution of each ecological system relative to the species' range and habitat requirements;
Examining the observation records for each species in the state-wide point database associated with each ecological system;
Calculating the percentage of observations associated with each ecological system relative to the percent of Montana covered by each ecological system to get a measure of "observations versus availability of habitat".
Species that breed in Montana were only evaluated for breeding habitat use, species that only overwinter in Montana were only evaluated for overwintering habitat use, and species that only migrate through Montana were only evaluated for migratory habitat use. In general, species were associated as using an ecological system if structural characteristics of used habitat documented in the literature were present in the ecological system or large numbers of point observations were associated with the ecological system. However, species were not associated with an ecological system if there was no support in the literature for use of structural characteristics in an ecological system,
even if
point observations were associated with that system. High, medium, and low habitat quality was assigned based on the degree to which the structural characteristics of an ecological system matched the preferred structural habitat characteristics for each species in the literature. The percentage of observations associated with each ecological system relative to the percent of Montana covered by each ecological system was also used to guide assignments of habitat quality. If you have any questions or comments on species associations with ecological systems, please contact Bryce Maxell at
or (406) 444-3655.
Suggested Uses and Limitations
Species associations with ecological systems should be used to generate potential lists of species that may occupy broader landscapes for the purposes of landscape-level planning. These potential lists of species should not be used in place of documented occurrences of species (this information can be requested at:
) or systematic surveys for species and evaluations of habitat at a local site level by trained biologists. Users of this information should be aware that the land cover data used to generate species associations is based on imagery from the late 1990s and early 2000s and was only intended to be used at broader landscape scales. Land cover mapping accuracy is particularly problematic when the systems occur as small patches or where the land cover types have been altered over the past decade. Thus, particular caution should be used when using the associations in assessments of smaller areas (e.g., evaluations of public land survey sections). Finally, although a species may be associated with a particular ecological system within its known geographic range, portions of that ecological system may occur outside of the species' known geographic range.
Literature Cited
Adams, R.A. 2003. Bats of the Rocky Mountain West; natural history, ecology, and conservation. Boulder, CO: University Press of Colorado. 289 p.
Dobkin, D. S. 1992. Neotropical migrant land birds in the Northern Rockies and Great Plains. USDA Forest Service, Northern Region. Publication No. R1-93-34. Missoula, MT.
Foresman, K.R. 2001. The wild mammals of Montana. Special Publication No. 12. Lawrence, KS: The American Society of Mammalogists. 278 p.
Hart, M.M., W.A. Williams, P.C. Thornton, K.P. McLaughlin, C.M. Tobalske, B.A. Maxell, D.P. Hendricks, C.R. Peterson, and R.L. Redmond. 1998. Montana atlas of terrestrial vertebrates. Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, University of Montana, Missoula, MT. 1302 p.
Hutto, R.L. and J.S. Young. 1999. Habitat relationships of landbirds in the Northern Region, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station RMRS-GTR-32. 72 p.
Maxell, B.A. 2000. Management of Montana's amphibians: a review of factors that may present a risk to population viability and accounts on the identification, distribution, taxonomy, habitat use, natural history, and the status and conservation of individual species. Report to U.S. Forest Service Region 1. Missoula, MT: Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana. 161 p.
Werner, J.K., B.A. Maxell, P. Hendricks, and D. Flath. 2004. Amphibians and reptiles of Montana. Missoula, MT: Mountain Press Publishing Company. 262 p.
Commonly Associated with these Ecological Systems
Forest and Woodland Systems
Great Plains Ponderosa Pine Woodland and Savanna
Great Plains Wooded Draw and Ravine
Rocky Mountain Foothill Woodland-Steppe Transition
Grassland Systems
Great Plains Mixedgrass Prairie
Great Plains Sand Prairie
Shrubland, Steppe and Savanna Systems
Big Sagebrush Steppe
Sparse and Barren Systems
Great Plains Badlands
Wetland and Riparian Systems
Emergent Marsh
Greasewood Flat
Great Plains Closed Depressional Wetland
Great Plains Floodplain
Great Plains Open Freshwater Depression Wetland
Great Plains Riparian
Great Plains Saline Depression Wetland
Open Water
Occasionally Associated with these Ecological Systems
Grassland Systems
Rocky Mountain Lower Montane, Foothill, and Valley Grassland
Shrubland, Steppe and Savanna Systems
Big Sagebrush Shrubland
Great Plains Shrubland
Mixed Salt Desert Scrub
Montane Sagebrush Steppe
Wetland and Riparian Systems
Great Plains Prairie Pothole
Food Habits
Known to collect under street-lights and feed on insects. Prey includes virtually every kind of terrestrial invertebrate, and stomach contents can account for up to 16% of body weight. Food habits of early postmetamorphic stages in South Dakota discussed by Flowers and Graves (1995).
Probably most versatile and wide-ranging toads in regard to distribution (Black 1970). Temperatures of 20 to 30 degrees C most favorable for nocturnal activity. During day remain under cover of rocks, or burrowed in soil or damp cover near water (Hammerson 1982). May live over 20 years in the wild (Engeman and Engeman 1996).
Reproductive Characteristics
Breed late April to July dependent on spring/summer rains. Breed in streams, rivers, irrigation ditches, in shallow water without strong current (Black 1970).
Additional References
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[DCC] Decker Coal Company. 1998. 1997 Consolidated annual progress report. Decker Coal Company West, North and East Pits. Decker, MT.
[OEA] Olson Elliot and Associates Research. 1985. 1983-1984 Wildlife monitoring report for the CX Ranch project. Olson Elliot and Associates Research. Helena, MT.
[PRESI] Powder River Eagle Studies Incorporated. 1998a. Big Sky Mine 1997 wildlife monitoring studies. Powder River Eagle Studies Incorporated. Gillete, WY.
[PRESI] Powder River Eagle Studies Incorporated. 1998b. Spring Creek Mine 1997 wildlife monitoring studies. Powder River Eagle Studies Incorporated. Gillete, WY.
[WESCO] Western Ecological Services Company. 1983a. Wildlife inventory of the Knowlton known recoverable coal resource area, Montana. Western Ecological Services Company, Novato, CA. 107 p.
[WESCO] Western Ecological Services Company. 1983b. Wildlife inventory of the Southwest Circle known recoverable coal resource area, Montana. Western Ecological Services Company, Novato, CA. 131 p.
[WESTECH] Western Technology and Engineering Incorporated. 1998. Wildlife monitoring Absaloka Mine area 1997. Western Technology and Engineering, Inc., Helena, MT.
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Barrass, A.N. 1986. The effects of highway traffic noise on the phonotactic and associated reproductive behavior of selected anurans. Dissertation Abstracts International B Sciences and Engineering 46(8): 2609.
Barrass, A.N. and L.F. Cohn 1984. Variation of the spacing of calling male Bufo woodhousei and Hyla cinerea near highway noise. American Zoologist 24(3): 15A.
Baxter, G. T. and M. D. Stone. 1985. Amphibians and reptiles of Wyoming. Second edition. Wyoming Game and Fish Department. Cheyenne, WY. 137 p.
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Black, J.H. 1967a. Toads of Montana. Montana Wildlife 1967(Spring): 22-28.
Black, J.H. 1970. Some aspects of the distribution, natural history and zoogeography of the toad genus
in Montana. M.S. thesis. University of Montana, Missoula, MT. 70 p.
Black, J.H. 1971. The toad genus Bufo in Montana. Northwest Science 45: 156-162.
Black, J.H., and A.N. Bragg. 1968. New additions to the herpetofauna of Montana. Herpetologica 24: 247.
Blair, W.F. 1956a. Comparative survival of hybrid toads (B. woodhousei X B. valliceps) in nature. Copeia 1956: 259-260.
Blem, C.R. 1992. Lipid reserves and body composition in postreproductive anurans. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A Comparative Physiology 103(4): 653-656.
Boone, M.D. 2005. Juvenile frogs compensate for small metamorph size with terrestrial growth: Overcoming the effects of larval density and insecticide exposure. Journal of Herpetology 39(3):416-423.
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Bragg, A.N. 1939a. Possible hybridization of Bufo cognatus and B. w. woodhousii. Copeia 1939(3): 173.
Bragg, A.N. 1940b. Observations on the ecology and natural history of Anura II. Habits, habitat, and breeding of Bufo woodhousei woodhousei (Girard) in Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist 24: 306-321.
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Maxell, B. A., J. K. Werner, P. Hendricks and D. L. Flath. 2003. Herpetology in Montana: a history, status summary, checklists, dichotomous keys, accounts for native, potentially native, and exotic species, and indexed bibliography. Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology, Northwest Fauna Number 5. Olympia, WA. 135 p.
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Shannon, F.A. 1949. A western subspecies of Bufo woodhousei hitherto erroneously associated with Bufo compactilis. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Science 8: 301-312.
Shannon, F.A. and C.H. Lowe. 1955. A new subspecies of Bufo woodhousei from the inland southwest. Herpetologica 11: 185-190.
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Sullivan, B.K. 1982c. Significance of site, temperature and call attributes to sexual selection in Bufo woodhousei australis. Journal of Herpetology 16(2): 103-106.
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Sullivan, B.K. 1995. Temporal stability in hybridization between Bufo microscaphus and Bufo woodhousii (Anura: Bufonidae): Behavior and morphology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 8(2): 233-247.
Sullivan, B.K. and G.E. Walsberg. 1985. Call rate and aerobic capacity in woodhouse's toad (Bufo woodhousei). Herpetologica 41(4): 404-407.
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Sullivan, B.K. and M.R. Leek. 1987. Acoustic communication in Woodhouse's toad (Bufo woodhousei): II. Response of females to variation in spectral and temporal components of advertisement calls. Behaviour 103(1-3): 16-26.
Sullivan, B.K. and T. Lamb. 1988. Hybridization between the toads Bufo microscaphus and Bufo woodhousii in Arizona: variation in release calls and allozymes. Herpetologica 44: 325-333.
Sullivan, B.K., C.R. Propper, M.J. Demlong and L.A. Harvey. 1996. Natural hermaphroditic toad (Bufo microscaphus x Bufo woodhousii). Copeia 1996(2): 470-472.
Sullivan, B.K., K.B. Malmos and M.F. Given. 1996. Systematics of the Bufo woodhousii complex (Anura: Bufonidae): advertisement call variation. Copeia 1996: 274-280.
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Waage, Bruce C., 1999, Western Energy Company Rosebud Mine, Colstrip, Montana: 1998 Annual Wildlife Monitoring Report; December 1, 1997 - November 30, 1998 Survey Period. February 24, 1999.
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Analyst: Cessna contract offer a sign of the industry's changing marketplace
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- Daniel McCoy
An aviation analyst says the work contract Cessna Aircraft Co. is offering members of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers is a sign the company is trying to position itself to compete in a global market that is forever changed.
Richard Aboulafia, an aviation analyst with The Teal Group, says added competition and a shifting consumer focus means companies like Cessna are being forced to change.
"Even when the market comes back, they're going to be under tremendous cost pressures," he says. "The severity of the downturn and the arrival of new competition has really put some fear into them."
One of the key points of negotiations, union leaders say, was language that would protect all the jobs already in Wichita. However, the Cessna offer guarantees that only final assembly work on the Citation line would remain in Wichita, the union says.
The union has recommended members vote to reject the contract and approve a strike, in part because of the lack of job security the offer would provide.
Aboulafia expects OEMs like Cessna will continue to position themselves as "integrators." That means, he says, more of the structures and components will be built either by other companies or in locations — such as other states or Mexico — where the OEMs can do the work at a lower cost.
And the company has to lower its costs, he says, to compete with new players in the market like Embraer and Honda Aircraft Co.
The union doesn't have a total for the number of workers on the Citation's final assembly line. Cessna wouldn't release the number, calling it a competitive secret.
The contract offer may not guarantee all of Cessna's work stays in Wichita, but it does grant wage increases after four years and lump-sum bonuses in 2011 and 2012.
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Sri Lanka water firm boils over stomach bug
LAUGFS Aqua System defends its product in the wake of players' illnesses
- Image Credit: AP Photo/Eranga Jayawardena
- West Indies' batsman Dwayne Smith, right, walks from the pitch after being bowled out by Australia's Mitchell Starc, second left, during their ICC Twenty20 Cricket World Cup match in Colombo, Sri Lanka, Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012.
Colombo: A local drinking water supplier strongly defended its product on Tuesday, even as World Twenty20 organisers jettisoned their bottled water after several players went down with stomach flu.
LAUGFS Aqua System said they had asked the International Cricket Council (ICC) for samples of suspect bottles of water, but got no immediate response except a statement that their product was off the table.
"We have done our own tests and confirmed that there is nothing wrong with our water," LAUGFS general manager Chaminda Wijesinghe said. "We asked the ICC to give us water samples but we have got no response yet."
He said players and officials may also have consumed bottles from other suppliers rather than LAUGFS mineral water while staying at Sri Lankan hotels.
"We don't know what caused the problem but I can tell you it is not our water," Wijesinghe said. "I am drinking it all the time."
Several players from New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa and Australia have reportedly been treated for stomach bugs since their arrival in Sri Lanka, with Kiwi Tim Southee even requiring hospital treatment for dehydration.
An ICC spokesman said on Monday that the brand of bottled water used by players and officials had been replaced. Players were supplied with a locally produced American-branded mineral water during training Tuesday.
Since Thursday, there had been no reports of any player coming down with stomach flu.
"Although there is no evidence to suggest that water was the cause of any illness, the product supplied for use in the tournament has been replaced," the spokesman said.
A Sri Lankan source connected with the tournament said public health inspectors had checked the food given to the players and found nothing untoward.
"If an entire team, or at least a majority, go down, we can understand that there is something wrong with the food and beverages department," the source said. "Just a few players have been affected."
No official complaints had been lodged by any of the teams, he added.
Among players who went down with stomach trouble over the past two weeks were New Zealand's Daniel Vettori, Mitchell Starc and Brad Hogg of Australia, and Paul Stirling and George Dockrell of Ireland.
The 12-nation tournament, Sri Lanka's biggest sporting event, opened on September 18 and runs until October 7.
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Tronox, Anadarko resume trial after failed settlement talks
* Tronox trust wants $25 bln for environmental cleanup
* Trust: 2005 spin-off that created Tronox was fraudulent
* Sides tried unsuccessfully to settle dispute
By Nick Brown
NEW YORK, July 24 (Reuters) - A trial between oil and gas producer Anadarko Petroleum and a trust for paint materials company Tronox Inc resumed on Tuesday after the sides failed to settle their $25 billion dispute over environmental cleanup costs.
Anadarko, the defendant, was expected to call witnesses, starting with Joseph Flake, a former vice president at Kerr-McGee Corp, the company now owned by Anadarko that created Tronox through a 2005 spin-off.
Tronox, which went bankrupt in 2009 and emerged last year, established a trust to pay billions of dollars in environmental cleanup claims at more than 2,000 polluted locations. The trust's main asset is the lawsuit against Anadarko, and money to fund the trust will come from any proceeds of that litigation.
The trust says Anadarko, which now owns Kerr-McGee, is liable for the cleanup costs. It argues that the Tronox spin-off was fraudulent because it burdened Tronox with a heap of environmental liabilities that rendered it insolvent from the get-go.
The trust is demanding $15 billion in assets and another $10 billion in interest for cleanup costs, though some analysts say a settlement would be no higher than $2.5 billion.
The U.S. Department of Justice and the Environmental Protection Agency have joined the Tronox trust in the fight.
Earlier this month, Anadarko shares climbed on news that the sides would halt the trial for a week to try to hammer out a settlement, but came back to earth after the talks failed.
In afternoon trading on the New York Stock Exchange on Tuesday, Anadarko shares fell $2.70, or 3.8 percent, to $67.59, while Tronox shares fell $5.35, or 4.6 percent, to $111.30.
John Hueston, a lawyer for the Tronox litigation trust, declined to comment on whether future litigation talks were planned. John Christiansen, a spokesman for Anadarko, also declined to comment, but has said in the past the company would prefer to settle the dispute consensually.
Tronox makes titanium dioxide used in paints.
The trial is taking place in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Manhattan.
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Economic growth slows to 5.3 percent in September quarter
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I inherited an '87 corvette convertible with manual transmission. What should the coolant temperature be? In idle after starting, it rose to 200 degrees. I don't remember it going that high.
3 Answers
That's about right. Gauges are an approximation of what of the temperature really is.
no. that's about right. 195 is what the t-stat should be at although have seen some hotter like 212 boiling temp-
boiling point is closer to 240 with coolant and under pressure. you do have a water / coolant mix in the car......right?
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By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
1/29/2013 (1 year ago)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
The rebels have fled the iconic city of Timbuktu - but not before leaving their horrible mark. As French and Malian troops took control of the town from insurgents, the rebels torched several buildings, including a priceless manuscript library.
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
1/29/2013 (1 year ago)
Published in Africa
Keywords: Timbuktu, Mali, French troops, Tuaregs, rebels, treasures
LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - A building housing tens of thousands of manuscripts from the ancient Muslim world and Greece, the Ahmed Baba Center for Documentation and Research was set on fire.
Mayor Ousmane confirmed the fire at the structure, which housed between 60,000 and 100,000 manuscripts, according to Mali's culture ministry.
Welcomed warmly by residents of the Malian town, the French-led coalition troops learned from residents that the rebel fighters had left the city several days ago.
"The Malian army and the French army are in complete control of the town of Timbuktu. Everything is under control," a colonel in the Malian army said on the condition of anonymity.
There were fears that Timbuktu would have been overlaid with mines, and the French military was in the process of "securing" it.
Malian troops have been leading the entrance into various towns, with the French troops numbering about 3,000 behind them. An Al Jazeera journalist said that this was intended to give the impression that Malian troops were retaking the town while they were actually being reinstalled in the town by the French troops.
There has been very little fighting as the coalition troops retook various towns. Many have described that the rebels had simply "melted away," possibly into Mauritania and other neighboring countries.
A breakaway group from the al-Qaeda-linked Ansar al-Dine group and Tuareg rebels announced that they had claimed control of a northern town, Kidal earlier this week.
French President Francois Hollande said on Monday that France was winning the battle, but added that it would be up to African forces to tackle rebels in the northern part of Mali once the key towns in the region were retaken.
"Then the Africans can take over the baton," Hollande said. "They are the ones who will go into the northern part, which we know is the most difficult because that's where the terrorists are hiding."
Nearly 8,000 African troops from Chad and West African grouping ECOWAS are expected to take over from the French troops. The African-led force will require a budget of $460 million, with the African Union pledging $50 million to the mission on the final day of its summit in Addis Ababa.
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By Obianuju Ekeocha
Who will speak up for the women of Africa? Who will lament the crass disregard for their well-being? Who will complain about the cruel disrespect with which they are being treated? Who will shed tears for the irreparable damage that could befall them? I am only ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
While the Nigerian army has made movies to retake two small villages overrun by the Islamist sect Boko Haram, another terrorist attack was launched by the terrorist group claimed the lives of 45 people. The mood here is one of confusion with the population ... continue reading
By Kaci Racelma (Algiers, Algeria)
Forces loyal to the retired General Khalifa Haftar fighting Islamist groups such as Ansar Charia in Libya has reached a boiling point. The two sides have since agreed to a humanitarian truce in order to evacuate civilians from battle zones. ALGIERS, ALGERIA ... continue reading
By Emma Batha, Thomson Reuters Foundation
At six years old James Kofi Annan was sold into slavery. For seven years he risked his life diving into the murky waters of Ghana's vast Lake Volta to untangle fishing nets. LONDON (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Today Annan runs a charity which is credited with ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Egypt is likely to become a favorite target among militant Islamist groups. The alleged interference of Marsha al Sissi coupled with his commitment to wage war against Islamist militias is likely to inflame like-minded terrorist groups in the region. ALGIERS, ... continue reading
By Katie Nguyen, Thomson Reuters Foundation
Almost 36 million people are living as slaves across the globe with an index on Monday listing Mauritania, Uzbekistan, Haiti, Qatar and India as the nations where modern-day slavery is most prevalent. LONDON (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - The Walk Free Foundation, ... continue reading
By Kaci Racelma (Algiers, Algeria)
Eleven smugglers were arrested this past weekend in Algeria's south by the People's National Army. News of the arrest was made in a statement released by the Ministry of Defense and was relayed in local newspapers. ALGIERS, ALGERIA (Catholic Online) - In the ... continue reading
By Kaci Racelma (Algiers, Algeria)
An explosion injured at least 16 people in a subway car in Cairo. The attack came day after Egyptian terrorist groups pledged their allegiance to Islamist State. These groups wasted little time, detonating the train bomb on Thursday. ALGIERS, ALGERIA (Catholic ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
A South African man had the shock of his life while strolling along a Cape Town beach, when he encountered a deadly snake. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - Jeffery Rinks, a Cape Town local, photographed the deadly Cape cobra in the shallows of Hout Bay, as it was ... continue reading
By Kaci Racelma (Algiers, Algeria)
The Egyptian Ansar Beit al-Maqdess jihadist group, announced its allegiance to Islamic state earlier this week. The group's loyalty to al Baghdadi's organization comes as no surprise as other groups in North Africa have already pledged their allegiance to ISIL. ... continue reading


text: ESPN Feed: tennessee volunteers http://assets.espn.go.com/i/tvlistings/tv_espn_original.gif ESPN en-us 10 ESPN Inc. http://espn.go.com/ Copyright 2010 ESPN Inc. Missouri's Kim Anderson and Tennessee's Donnie Tyndall talk about their preparation heading into the season.]]> October 22, 2014 20:11:43 PDT Coach Cal, Donovan and Tyndall discuss observations of their SEC opponents.]]> October 22, 2014 17:01:11 PDT Peter Burns Summarizes the Preseason Coaches ALL-SEC Teams Announced Thursday]]> August 21, 2014 13:00:54 PDT


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Office Administrator/ Accounts Clerk
Due to the expansion of our business we now require an accounts clerk. We are a small but busy office close to the centre of Wolverhampton.
You will be responsible for the purchase ledger, sales ledger and credit....
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The position initially involves processing of new business and....
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Chief Executive £40,000 (pro-rata)
Re-Entry, Wolverhampton
The Board of Re-Entry wishes to appoint a Chief Executive to support trustees in driving forward the Charity's strategic growth and sustainable development. Since 1994,....
Warehouse/General Maintenance person
required to work directly for the works manager.
The appointment would suit a motivated person who likes daily variation. The successful applicant must be a good all round handy person who is familiar with stock....
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Kudos Catering are award winning food and venue management experts, we provide our services at a number of contract catering sectors in the UK. Kudos are part of the Crown Group, one of the leading event and catering companies in the....
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PCS, an innovative software development organisation based in Wolverhampton which has been serving the media sector for over 40 years, is looking to recruit a recently graduated Graphic Designer on a part time basis (20 hours per week) for a fixed period....
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SANS training is like a catalyst. It not only boosts your knowledge but also inspires you to learn more.
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Uncertainty reigns in warfare, and it is impossible to fully understand the intentions of a capable, thinking adversary in the midst of conflict. Yet, the best counter to this is to have equally adept and creative personnel able to recognize that warfare does not merely consist of armed clashes, but the combination of moral, psychological, economic and political forces.
In a landmark historical incident, the onset of World War I brought about one of the more remarkable chases of 20th century warfare. As Barbara Tuchman describes in her book, "The Guns of August," with hostilities declared in early August 1914, Germany sought then-neutral Turkey as an ally to mitigate a Russian front to its East. The masterstroke to securing this alliance involved sending the entire German Mediterranean fleet—all of two ships—in a mad dash toward the entrance of the Dardanelles on a diplomatic, not military, mission.
Not expecting this unorthodox move, Britain deployed its numerous ships to protect a French convoy sailing from Africa while also maneuvering to prevent an escape by the Germans through the Straits of Gibraltar. Through the winding fates of war, multiple opportunities were missed to sink the armed German messengers. The once-bold Nelsonian Royal Navy had revealed its evolution toward a technologically superior, but far more untested, conservative one.
The ultimate arrival of the Germans persuaded the Turkish government to renounce neutrality, causing Winston Churchill to later admit this one action caused "more slaughter, more misery and more ruin than has ever before been borne within the compass of a ship."
The next step in the transformation of the U.S. Defense Department systems architecture will be networks defined by software instead of by hardware. Software-based network controls will extend the scope of what currently is limited only to data center operations.
Traditionally, switches and routers have been set separately from what was managed as computing inside the data center. Special-purpose devices were installed to solve specific problems of network management. This resulted in complexity and inflexibility. For example, to change networking data centers, operators had to reconfigure switches, routers, firewalls or Web authentication portals. This required updating virtual local area networks, quality-of-service settings and protocol-based tables with dedicated software tools. Network topology, as well as different software versions, had to be taken into account. Consequently, the networks remained relatively static because operators sought to minimize the risk of service disruption from hardware changes.
Enterprises today operate multiple Internet protocol networks for voice, data, sensor inputs and video. While existing networks can provide custom-made service levels for individual applications, the provisioning of network resources largely is manual. Operators configure each vendor's equipment and adjust parameters, such as bandwidth, on a per-session, per-application basis. Because of the static nature, networks cannot adapt to changing traffic, application and user demands. With an estimated 15,000 networks in place, the Defense Department has difficulty managing such a proliferation of options.
The benefits of virtualization can be extended to thrifty end-users either through public clouds or via private clouds. The time has come to reach out to the millions of user devices that operate in thousands of separately programmable silos that require spending money on labor-intensive overhead. U.S.
Defense Department projects can be brought into a consolidated cloud environment where much lower costs and increased security can deliver immediate benefits.
The May 21, 2012, issue of Forbes magazine describes how start-up firms acquire information technologies without spending much money. These firms use commercial cloud services instead of setting up their own data centers.
There now is a flood of commercial offerings for low-cost cloud computing solutions. Thought should be given to switching smaller Defense Department projects to deployments through Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS). More than 2,000 such projects now exist in the Defense Department.
New projects need not be encumbered with the burden of elaborate planning, cost justification, development and acquisition of computers as dictated by existing directives. Instead, the department can adopt the method for setting up new projects inexpensively and instantly. This can be done in weeks, not months or years. An experimental system can be tried without much risk and for a small investment. Innovative applications can be tested and even discarded without committing to a multiyear stream of cost. After a new project demonstrates its suitability, it always can be scaled up.
Forbes illustrated the benefits of thrifty computing for a small venture firm:
In last month's column, I reported that there were 2,904 separately funded fiscal year 2012 information technology budgets. Many of these would be set up to operate their own and incompatible networking, storage, server, operating systems, middleware or control commands.
Among many definitions, the Oxford dictionary defines a silo as a process that operates in isolation. In the U.S. Defense Department, everyone works in separate components. Computer silos have proliferated with the availability of a huge number of customized information technology solutions.
In March, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) delivered to the House Armed Services Committee a report on enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. These ERPs would be replacing legacy systems costing $890 million per year. Replacing such systems would take anywhere from seven to 14 years. However, when the ERPs finally are installed, they would cost up to $207,561 per user and have a payback time frame as high as 168 years.
Any aggregation of computers, software and networks can be viewed as a "cloud." The U.S. Defense Department is actually a cloud consisting of thousands of networks, tens of thousands of servers and millions of access points. The department's fiscal year 2012 spending for information technologies is $38.4 billion. This includes the costs of civilian and military payroll as well as most information technology spending on intelligence. The total Defense Department cloud could be more than $50 billion, which is 10 times larger than the budget of the 10 largest commercial firms. So, the question is: How efficient is the Defense Department in making good use of its information technology?
Email is the most attractive application for leading to implementation of a Defense Department enterprise-wide strategy. Email features are generic and functionally identical. It is shared across all components. It is mature. A shared directory of addresses and the security requirements are identical and do not require innovation. Implementing email as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) by an organization such as the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) would offer immediate cost reductions of at least 50 percent. This would serve as a precedent for similar enterprise-wide efforts that could follow.
We now have the U.S. Defense Department information technology enterprise strategy and roadmap. The new direction calls for an overhaul of policies that guide the department's information systems. Yet, implementation is a challenge, and several issues require the reorientation of how the Defense Department manages information technologies.
The adoption of platform-as-a-service (PaaS) has opened up new opportunities for reducing information technology costs. Now, the U.S. Defense Department must enter this option into its planning.


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A bagel baker at a BP Connect store will proceed with an HIV-discrimination and wrongful-firing suit even though he admitted his firing was justified.
The baker learned one night that his car was stranded on the Grand Central Parkway. He took $30 from the cash register, left a note and abandoned work, ruining the bagels.
His goose might have been cooked, but the baker threw in an extra ingredient: instances of fellow employees committing similar violations without the bakery firing them. The judge dismissed the baker's hostile environment claim, ruling it was based on hearsay, but allowed the discrimination and wrongful-firing claims to proceed.
Bottom line: Fairness is essential in discrimination cases, but it also must be uniform. It's up to the bakery now to show it handed out equal portions of discipline to rule-breakers.
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David Blight Says '12 Years' Is A Story The Nation Must Remembertags: slavery, 12 Years a Slave, David Blight
"We love being the country that freed the slaves," says historian David Blight. But "we're not so fond of being the country that had the biggest slave system on the planet." That's why Blight was glad to see the new film 12 Years a Slave, an adaptation of an 1853 memoir by Solomon Northup. Northup was a free black man who was kidnapped into slavery in 1841 and won his freedom 12 years later. "We need to keep telling this story because it, in part, made us who we were," Blight tells Fresh Air's Terry Gross.
Blight is the director of the Center for the Study of Slavery, Resistance and Abolition at Yale University. His 2007 book, A Slave No More, includes the recently discovered narratives of two former slaves. He's currently writing a biography of Frederick Douglass, who after escaping slavery, wrote perhaps the most famous and important of all slave memoirs and became an influential abolitionist....
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- Juan Cole says the postwar Middle East governments were modeled on the Soviet Union, though not communist (interview)


text:
Paul Willcox
Germany frustrates Nissan's No. 1 goal
Oct. 10, 2014 10:08 CETNissan says its goal of becoming the top-selling Asian brand in Europe is being held back by Germany and its preference for domestic brands. To help boost sales, Nissan aims to improve its brand image and retail network in the market....
Read More »
Nissan appoints diesel expert Shirakawa as European r&d chief
April 3, 2014 06:01 CETNissan named Takashi Shirakawa as its head of research and development in Europe, effective April 1....
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Nissan names VW exec Willcox as new Europe head
Dec. 20, 2013 09:15 CETNissan has appointed new regional bosses for Europe and the Africa-Middle East-India regions, tapping Paul Willcox for Europe and bringing in Takashi Hata from transmission maker Jatco to run the emerging market portfolio....
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May 11 - Homily: Saints Phillip and James
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Today we celebrate the feast of the Apostles, Saints Philip and James "the Less" or "the Just". Father encourages us to imitate their great faith and belief in Jesus Christ, Who is one with God the Father. Ave Maria! Mass: Sts. Phillip and James - 2nd Cl - Form:ĀEF, Clamaverunt Ad Te Readings:Ā 1st: wis 5:1-5 Gsp: joh 14:1-13 To Download Audio go to http://airmaria.com?p=35599
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1 year ago
Dear St. James and St. Phillips we to be more inspired by your way of lives, pray for me feel the Christ you knew and loved more so that i too may love him every moment of my life and also pray for my children's school fees and for the one who is under going catechism that they under stand the teaching of the church and follow.
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Cleveland Clinic closing Huron Hospital
The Cleveland Clinic announced today that it will close Huron Hospital within 90 days. The closing includes that hospital's emergency department and trauma services. The hospital, which is 137 years old and one of the city's first hospitals, will continue to offer outpatient services until the Clinic opens the Huron Community Health Center at the Huron hospital campus Oct. 3. The Clinic faced public outcry and protests when it previously announced in October that it would end trauma services at Huron. "This is a difficult day for Cleveland Clinic, but we are firmly committed to caring for this community and supporting our employees affected by this decision," Clinic CEO /President Delos M. Cosgrove, MD, said in a press release. The Clinic said a steady decline in patient use, a rapidly shrinking population, costly maintenance of the hospital's aging facilities, and substantial fixed costs that were much higher than the hospital could maintain all contribute to the decision to close.
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STILLWATER — Wrapping up the final practice before leaving for the Puerto Rico Tip-Off, Cowboys coach Travis Ford gathered his squad to discuss goals and expectations.
Oklahoma State men's basketball: Unbeaten Cowboys crack rankings at No. 20
His guys offered one of their own.
"I don't remember who it was," said Ford, "but someone said, 'Let's come back ranked.'
"I said, 'Well, you better win all three.'"
Oklahoma State rolled back into Stillwater on Monday evening with a Tip-Off championship trophy, a 4-0 record and, yes, Top 25 status, entering The Associated Press poll at No. 20 and the coaches poll at No. 22.
The Cowboys swept through the tournament with wins over Akron, Tennessee and then-No. 6 North Carolina State, routing the Wolfpack 76-56 and adding credence to optimism that has surrounded a team seeking a return to the NCAA Tournament.
That optimism is spreading, with the first ranking of the Ford era as evidence. The last time the Cowboys were ranked: the week of Feb. 12, 2007.
"Rankings are all about the present," Ford said. "It's what's happening right now, not a prediction of what's going to happen in the future necessarily. What we've done so far, it's been a good thing.
"So it's always fun to achieve a goal, and it was a goal for the team. My big thing is to always improve. But it's fun for them to set a goal and come back and be ranked."
The news wasn't all good from Puerto Rico. Jéan-Paul Olukemi and Marek Soucek each suffered knee injuries that will be more closely examined in the coming days.
Ford said Olukemi's appears to be more severe than Soucek's, although he's holding out hope that neither is long-term.
"It doesn't look great with JP," Ford said. "He's going to have an MRI. I keep praying, we all do, that it's not as bad as we think. Maybe it's not. Maybe it's a severe sprain or something like that. But the initial indications, it doesn't look good.
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Jenny Heringer
3 standouts joinb MSUB coaching staff
Three former Montana standouts will be assistant coaches for the Montana State Billings women's basketball this season.
Jenny Heringer joins MSUB women's staff
Former Billings Central standout Jenny Heringer is returning to Montana State Billings, this time as an assistant coach for the women's basketball program.
Team of rivals: Cat, Griz women join forces for State Games
Jackie Elliott and Jordan Sullivan stood in the hallway adjacent to the lower gym at Montana State University Billings on Sunday, eagerly awaiting their final outing at the 27th annual Big Sky State Games.
Tenika Capouch's breakout start has come at right time for Skyview
Billings Skyview senior Tenika Capouch -- who is simply called 'T' -- plays basketball straight forward and direct, a physical in-the-lane style that's working for her and for the Lady Falcons.
Five MSUB basketball players honored
Five players from the Montana State Billings women's basketball team were selected to the Great Northwest Athletic Conference Academic All-Conference team.
Vikings defeat MSUB women
BELLINGHAM, Wash. -- Corinn Waltrip and Kristin Schramm combined for 46 points as nationally-ranked Western Washington pulled away from Montana State Billings 76-49 Wednesday night in the semifinals of the Great Northwest Athletic Tournament.
MSUB in GNAC semifinals
In 1999, the Montana State Billings women's basketball beat Western Washington on the Vikings home court for the Pacific West Conference championship.
Lady Jackets advance
The college basketball careers of Bobbi Knudsen and Jenny Heringer are in two very different places.
Lady Jackets host St. Martin's to begin GNAC tourney
Three wins and they're in.
MSUB women beat WOU
MONMOUTH, Ore. -- Four players in double figures carried the Montana State Billings women's basketball team past Western Oregon, 65-57, Saturday afternoon.
Joe Kusek: Trust builds victories for Jackets
Like coaches of all sports, Kevin Woodin likes to exercise a modicum of control over the events concerning his team.
Heringer posts double-double for Jackets
Shooting the basketball wasn't going to be the solution.
Jacket women knock off SPU again
Bobbi Knudsen is a newcomer to the rivalry against Seattle Pacific.
Anchorage defeats Lady Jackets
ANCHORAGE, Alaska -- Three players in double figures helped nationally-ranked Alaska Anchorage pull away Montana State Billings 62-48 Saturday in women's basketball.
Joe Kusek: Heringer enjoying return to hoops at MSUB
Jenny Heringer doesn't have to be doing this.
MSUB women host Saint Martin's
The Montana State Billings women's basketball hosts Saint Martin's tonioght at Alterowitz Gymnasium.
Lady Yellowjackets rout Western Oregon
Jenny Heringer said she had the easy job.
Absarokee freshman repeats at regional Punt, Pass and Kick competition
ABSAROKEE — Haley Fallang is in good company.
Yellowjackets catch fire in rout of Minot State
The Montana State Billings women's basketball team started fast and finished strong Saturday afternoon, producing its most lopsided win of the season.
Jenny Heringer signs with MSUB
MSU Billings women's basketball coach Kevin Woodin announced Wednesday that former Billings Central and Montana State standout Jenny Heringer will play for the Yellowjackets this season.
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More N.J. Homeowners In Flood-Prone South River Offered Buyouts
SOUTH RIVER, N.J. (CBSNewYork/AP) – Gov. Chris Christie has announced more buyouts of flood-prone properties in the wake of superstorm Sandy.
The flood lines on some homes are still visible on water street in South River.
"I had to gut the entire house and rebuild the entire first floor," said a man named Clark, who will take a buyout.
The state planned to offer buyouts to about 72 homeowners in South River.
The buyout offers homeowners the pre-storm market value for their home, through a $300 million program introduced by Christie in May.
"Our overall goal is to buy 1,300 homes this year, including 1,000 that were damaged by Sandy and 300 other homes that have had repeated flooding, like up in the Passaic River basin," said the governor.
Last month, almost 130 property owners in nearby Sayreville took the buyouts. Their properties will be demolished within 90 days of acquisition.
"I know it's not easy and I know it's been eight long months so far," said Christie.
The state is buying up contiguous properties from willing sellers that will allow it to create flood plains.
FEMA will provide 75 percent of the funding and the state will pay 25 percent.
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(TM and © Copyright 2013 CBS Radio Inc. and its relevant subsidiaries. CBS RADIO and EYE Logo TM and Copyright 2013 CBS Broadcasting Inc. Used under license. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. The Associated Press contributed to this report.)


text: The Late Late Show is a late-night TV show on CBS originally hosted by Tom Snyder from 1995-1999 and Craig Killborn from 1999-2004. The show is currently hosted by comedian Craig Ferguson. Unlike a lot of late-night talk shows, the program does not use an announcer in-house or a house band. At the show's start, Ferguson usually starts with a comedic monolouge. The show also often features comedic skits and the occasional musical guest.


text:
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Godfrey Bloom - your UKIP MEP for Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire.
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Opening hours: Monday (07:45 - 09:00), Monday (15:30 - 18:00), Tuesday (07:45 - 09:00), Tuesday (15:30 - 18:00), Wednesday (07:45 - 09:00), Wednesday (15:30 - 18:00), Thursday (07:45 - 09:00) ..., PRE, PLAYGROUPS, Playgroups Pre School Education, SCHOOL, Child Care, Out of school childcare
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text:
This series points out who is a fucking moron, and why!
Hardcore bunny killing action.
Marcus Peblo
This very colorful and creative cartoon series by Eric Black can be enjoyed by the whole family.
Very good
I liked this game a lot. Some of the levels were easy but you also had hard ones as well and that's part of what makes a good game. This game is very addicting. The only problem I had was that it was very short... Only 14 levels... I thought there would be more. Please make another one of these.
The shortness hurts it a little bit but not enough... The ever so elusive 5/5 is yours for this one.
I was enjoying that game then it ended. I usually like games that aren't too long but this time I wished for more levels. Good job!
Good Game!
It did get a little hard but I finished all the levels
Thank god for the retry button
A fun game
It's a really fun game! Although the music gets a little annoying after awhile.
This thing really makes you think. Great job. Keep 'em coming.


text:
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Analysts to U.S. Steel: Cut more costs
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- Staff Pittsburgh Business Times
United States Steel Corp. may have had a good day in the stock market Friday -- with shares rising more than 6 percent -- but it still hasn't had an annual profit since 2008.
The company held its annual meeting and first-quarter conference call with investors last week, and it talked about its recently implemented cost-cutting initiative. The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette took a look at what U.S. Steel (NYSE: X) CEO John Surma said would be an exhaustive review of its cost structure that could save "very meaningful" amounts of money.
Analysts told the newspaper it's a desperately needed move but offered other suggestions:
- Maintenance repair
- Costs at its headquarters and salary employees
- Labor agreements
- Reducing its dividend
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