text:
Clearly, the Bitcoin protocol alone does not provide a complete solution. Exchange regulation of Mt. Gox would have helped both Mt. Gox users and the Bitcoin economy. I dare you to rebut in the comments below.
Bitcoin Titan & Trading Titan
Bitcoin & Trading Titan Blog
Maximizing Liquidity Through the Make-or-Take Model
Bitcoin exchanges must adopt mainstream exchange fee schedules, which incentivize market makers, in order to substantially increase liquidity. In this paper I will propose a hypothetical bitcoin exchange, modestly called the "Super-Exchange", that will increase liquidity for all trading between currencies, however, BTCUSD will be used throughout the paper as an example. In the context of the Super-Exchange, liquidity means bitcoins can be traded for other currencies without causing a significant movement in the BTCUSD price and with minimum loss of value.[1]
Unfortunately, all bitcoin exchanges currently use a flat percentage model, which does not promote liquidity. For example, Mt. Gox (Japanese based exchange), and CampBX (US based exchange) charge 0.6%[2] and 0.55%[3] respectively, for each transaction, to both the buyer and the seller. Under this model, especially with such high commissions, there is no incentive for market makers to participate.
Modern exchanges employ the "make-or-take" model to incentivize market makers to provide liquidity.[4] Under the make-or-take model market makers make money it two ways, 1) "trade across the bid-ask spread," and 2) "earning liquidity rebates."[5]
How market makers profit
The first way market makers generate revenue is to trade across the bid-ask spread by offering to buy a commodity or security at a certain price, and sell the same commodity or security at a higher price. For example, a market maker on the Super-Exchange exchange may offer to buy bitcoins at $4.90 USD, and sell bitcoins at $4.91. The market maker makes money by buying low to one trader and selling high to another trader many, many times throughout the day.
The second way market makers generate revenue is through liquidity rebates. Modern exchanges, like the NYSE, charge the "liquidity taker" a commission for every share bought or sold, typically three tenths of a penny. The exchange gives two tenths of a penny to the "liquidity maker," called a liquidity rebate. The exchange keeps the last tenth of a penny as profit. Liquidity takers are traders that execute market orders against "resting limit orders." Liquidity makers are market makers that submit "resting limit orders,". A resting limit order is simply an order that is either an offer to buy below the current lowest ask price, or an order to sell above the current highest bid.
For example, on the NYSE, if the current highest bid for company C stock is $9.98, and the current lowest asking price is $10.01. The market making firm, "MM," enters limit orders to buy and sell C's stock for $9.99 and $10.00 respectively, narrowing the spread. If a liquidity taker, or "trader," enters a market order to buy 50 shares of C from MM for $10.00, and another trader enters a market order to sell 50 shares of C to MM for $9.99, then MM will make $1 trading across the spread and $0.20 cents in liquidity rebates. As more market makers enter the exchange, the spread gets tighter and tighter because market makers must compete for volume. Furthermore, as the spread gets tighter, market makers generate substantially higher revenues through liquidity rebates rather than trading across the spread.
Under the make-or-take model, both market makers and traders benefit. In 2008, market makers made over $21 billion dollars.[6] In 2009, Jim Simmons and Ken Griffin (who both run liquidity-making hedge funds) personally took home $2.2 billion and $900 million, respectively.[7] Traders also benefit by having a stable exchange rate though tighter spreads that create insubstantial differences between trades, even with high volume transactions.
Applying Make-or-Take Model to Bitcoin Exchanges
The Super-Exchange must employ the make-or-take model between bitcoin and local currencies, because employing the make-or-take model will maximize liquidity and increase volume. Furthermore, the Super-Exchange will also increase revenue because an increase in liquidity also creates an increase in transaction frequency, which is when the Super-Exchange makes a profit. For example, the Super-Exchange charges the trader 0.0003 bitcoins per bitcoin bought or sold. The market maker receives 0.0002 bitcoins, and the Super-Exchange retains 0.0001 bitcoins as profit.
Note, the make-or-take model is only feasible because the Super-Exchange also holds the deposits of the market makers and traders. Under the example of the make-or-take model the commission is only 0.0003 bitcoins, whereas transactions across the bitcoin network, without an intermediary, are typically 0.01 bitcoins or higher. Thus, the commission to actually make the ownership transfer across the bitcoin network would be greater than the Super-Exchange's commission, e.g., 0.0003 bitcoins.
Traders, or in this case depositors in the Super-Exchange, will enjoy tighter spreads and a much more liquid market with higher volume, rather than massive 1% jumps between two transactions executed seconds apart, often with a total transaction volume of less than 3 bitcoins.
[1]See Market Liquidity, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_liquidity, as of April 3, 2012.
[2] Mt. Gox Fee Schedule, https://mtgox.com/fee-schedule, as of April 6, 2012.
[4]Regulating High Frequency Trading: An Examination of U.S. Equity Market Structure in Light of the May 6, 2010 Flash Crash, Stephen Barnes, available at http://www.sec.gov/comments/s7-02-10/s70210-341.pdf, at 4; See SEC Concept Release on Equity Market Structure, 75 Fed. Reg. at 3607.
[5]Regulating High Frequency Trading: An Examination of U.S. Equity Market Structure in Light of the May 6, 2010 Flash Crash. at 5.
BTCUSD Traders Cannot Recognize a Crash
|[B]elow is a link to a blog post on what caused the BTCUSD crash on February 13th, 2012. ...
|BTCUSD Trader:
|There was no crash. Are you confused about market trends?
|A crash is defined as a loss of more than 20%, as seen in 1929 and 1987. BTCUSD fell from $5.50 to $4.20 within 24 hours. That is a 23.6% drop. That is a crash.
|BTCUSD Trader:
|In that case, Bitcoins have had dozens of crashes...
|Another Trader:
|Yes - Bitcoins have had dozens of crashes. It's pretty exciting as markets go.
Eighty Percent Of All 'Easy' Bitcoins Now Mined
Currently with each block mined the reward to the miners is 50 BTC of new currency issued. When issuance reaches the 10.5 million BTC milestone, the rate will drop from 50 BTC to 25 BTC per block. Hitting the 8.4 million mark today means that 80% of these "easy" bitcoins have now been mined.
The 10.5 million mark will likely occur around December of this year, but could deviate based on the rate of change in mining capacity with the target being hit in November or January instead being a possibility. At that point, exactly half (50%) of all bitcoins that will ever be issued will have been issued.
Read more here.
What U.S. Regulations Apply to Bitcoins as Commodities?
Are bitcoins commodities? In a previous article I showed that, under U.S. law, bitcoins are neither securities nor currency. So, what are bitcoins? Furthermore, what regulations, if any, apply to bitcoins designated as a commodity?
Bitcoins Are Commodities
Bitcoins are commodities. A "commodity" is defined under U.S. law as "[a] useful thing; an article of commerce; a moveable and tangible thing produced or used as the subject of barter or sale." Ballentine's Law Dictionary; See State ex rel. Moose v Frank, 114 Ark 47, 169 SW 333. A thing is tangible if it is "[c]apable of being possessed or realized; readily apprehensible by the mind; real; substantial; evident." Ballentine's Law Dictionary; See Williams v Board of Comrs. 84 Kan 508, 114 P 858.
Bitcoins are tangible, because each bitcoin is constructively possessed. Constructive possession is "control or dominion over a property without actual possession," compared to actual possession, which is "[p]hysical occupancy or control over property" (Black's Law Dictionary (9th ed. 2009), possession). U.S. courts have interpreted constructive possession to include, "an appreciable ability to guide the destiny" of the thing. United States v. Culpepper, 834 F.2d 879, 881 (10th Cir. Kan. 1987). Examples include electronic contracts, currency, child pornography, etc. See Pyro Spectaculars North, Inc. v. Souza, 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15801, 9-10 (E.D. Cal. Feb. 8, 2012); United States v. Moreland, 665 F.3d 137 (5th Cir. Miss. 2011); Walker v. United States, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 108981 (M.D. Ga. May 24, 2010); United States v. Riccardi, 258 F. Supp. 2d 1212 (D. Kan. 2003). Furthermore, many statutory provisions rely on constructive possession of electronic data, e.g., UCC 9-102(31) and 9-105.
Bitcoins are clearly useful articles of commerce capable of being possessed. Bitcoins are traded online every day for goods, services, U.S. dollars, and other currency. Each bitcoin is also controlled by a specific user. Even though every node on the bitcoin peer-to-peer network has knowledge of the bitcoins in each bitcoin wallet, however, the bitcoins in a particular wallet can be distributed only by the person with the bitcoin wallet.
U.S. Regulations Imposed on Commodity Contracts
Bitcoin is a commodity, but currently most bitcoin transactions are not subject to regulation by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trade Commission ("CFTC"), because bitcoins fall under an exception, 7 U.S.C. 1A(19). The CFTC was created by the U.S. congress through the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act of 1974 (the "'74 Act"). The mandate for the CFTC has been renewed through the recent Dodd-Frank Act. The '74 Act §2(a)(1)(A) gave the CFTC "exclusive jurisdiction" over all transactions that are substantially similar to, or commonly known as, an "option", "bid", "offer", "put", "call", etc., and "transactions involving contracts of sale of a commodity for future delivery."
The U.S. does not regulate commodity contracts whether delivery is made at the point of purchase ("PoP"), or is deferred; but, commodity options contracts are heavily regulated by the CFTC. See The Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act of 1974. The CFTC interprets the meaning of commodities broadly. A "commodity" as defined under Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1A(4)) is:
wheat, cotton, rice, corn, oats, barley, rye, …, livestock, livestock products, …, and all services, rights, and interests …, in which contracts for future delivery are presently or in the future dealt in.
Not intuitively, however, the CTFC limited the use of the term "future delivery" such that the CFTC does not regulate commodities futures contracts (Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1A(19)):
The term "future delivery" does not include any sale of any cash commodity for deferred shipment or delivery.
A cash commodity is simply an actual physical commodity someone is buying or selling.
It is important to understand that even though the the '74 Act states "contracts of sale of a commodity for future delivery," the types of contracts for future delivery regulated by the CFTC are traditionally known as options. Therefore the use of the term "forward contract" will refer to the commodity contracts exempted from regulation by the CFTC, the use of the term "options contract" will refer to the commodity contracts regulated by the CFTC. See In re Stovall, [1977-1980 Transfer Binder] Comm. Fut. L. Rep. (CCH) (CFTC Dec. 6, 1979).; and CFTC v. Zelener, 387 F.3d 624 (7th Cir. Ill. 2004). The issue then is to determine if the sale of a commodity is a forward contract or an options contract.
Differences Between Commodity Forward Contracts and Commodity Options Contracts
Forward contracts (a subset of futures contracts) are transferable contractual agreements to buy or sell a fixed amount of a certain commodity on a specified date; options contracts are the right to buy or sell a specified amount of a commodity within a certain period of time at a given price (called the strike price). Commodity Futures Trading Com. v. U. S. Metals Depository Co., 468 F. Supp. 1149, 1154-1155 (S.D.N.Y. 1979). Three functional distinctions between forward contracts and options contracts are (id. at 1155):
- The holder of a forward contract is obligated to receive the commodity, whereas a holder of an options contract is not;
- The price of a forward contract is applied to the ultimate sales price of the commodity, whereas the price of an option charges the buyer an initial nonrefundable premium; and
- Profit of a forward contract is realized when the actual sale price of the commodity exceeds the purchase price of the contract, whereas profit of an options contract is realized when price of the commodity increases beyond the strike price plus the premium.
U.S. courts look at three factors to determine whether a commodities contract is an options contract (including transactions in options involving foreign currency) (In re Stovall, [1977-1980 Transfer Binder] Comm. Fut. L. Rep. (CCH) (CFTC Dec. 6, 1979)):
- Directed operation to the general public,
- Standardized contracts, which resemble futures contracts, and
- Where the buyer does NOT take delivery of the commodity (most important).
The focus of the factors is to determine if the parties' had a general expectation of delivery of the underlying commodity. See Id. In Stovall's case, there was a single receiver for all purchasers of the contracts, therefore the court found that the contracts Stovall referred to as forward contracts were, instead, correctly designated as options contracts. Remember, U.S. courts will look to substance over form to determine whether a commodity contract is a forward or options contract. See Commodity Futures Trading Com. v. U. S. Metals Depository Co., 468 F. Supp. 1149.
Even commodity options contracts based on "spot and cash market" (e.g. contracts related to silver bullion, silver coin, foreign currency, etc. where the commodity is immediately received) are not beyond the scope of the '74 Act. CFTC v. American Board of Trade, Inc. 473 F. Supp. 1177 (S.D.N.Y. 1979). Metals Depository Co. sold options contracts of gold and silver, and argued that the '74 Act did not regulate options contracts unless those options pertain to future delivery. Id. The court disagreed and ruled that the '74 Act gives the CFTC exclusive jurisdiction over all commodity options contracts, including options contracts for foreign currency. Id.
Bitcoins are commodities, but, for the vast majority of transactions, bitcoins are not regulated by the CFTC. Most transactions on bitcoin exchanges are directed to the general public, however, standard contracts are not used and the buyer does intend to accept delivery of the bitcoins sold.
There are a handful of websites online that sell bitcoin forward contracts. These bitcoin forward contracts are usually sold by individual bitcoin miners. Successfully mining fifty bitcoins can take months, even for miners with considerable computing power. The BTCUSD market (where bitcoins are sold for U.S. dollars), however, is very volatile and subject to frequent crashes, and miners have a strong incentive to hedge against potential BTCUSD (or other currency) downturns by selling futures contracts. Furthermore, futures contracts provide leverage for miners to buy equipment to increase bitcoin production.
Bitcoin forward contracts do not have any of the characteristics of an options contract, and thus do not fall under the jurisdiction of the CFTC. The seller is obligated to send, and the buyer is obligated to receive, the bitcoins bargained for; the seller does not merely give the value the buyer would have received had the bitcoins actually been sent and received. The price of the forward contract is the price the bitcoins are being sold for, not simply a premium for the option to buy the bitcoins at a later time. The profit is realized when the bitcoins are received and exchanged, not when the exchange rate increases beyond both a strike price plus a non-refundable premium. Thus, bitcoin forward contracts are not regulated by the CFTC.
Bitcoin forward contracts sold primarily by large mining pools are not common place yet, however, bitcoin futures contract markets may soon evolve and become mainstream. Pools are groups of miners that combine computing power to increase the production of bitcoins. Pools divide the bitcoins produced between the members of the pool based on the amount of computing power donated by each member. The majority of bitcoins successfully mined are done so through mining pools because the combined computing power of a pool typically far outweighs an individuals computing capacity.
If a standardized futures market emerges where the sellers of the contracts are miners or mining pools, then contracts will likely not fall under the regulatory regime of the CFTC. If, however, a standardized futures market emerges where buyers may resell contracts, those transactions will fall under the jurisdiction of the CFTC. The most important prong of "the options test" is whether the buyer takes delivery of the commodity. In re Stovall, [1977-1980 Transfer Binder] Comm. Fut. L. Rep. (CCH) (CFTC Dec. 6, 1979). As long as buyers do not become the sellers, then clearly the buyers will take delivery of the commodity, and the CFTC does not have jurisdiction.
The emergence of bitcoin exchanges and brokers like Mt. Gox (largest bitcoin exchange located in Japan) and Bitcoinica (written by a 17 year old in Singapore), bring to light the realization that Bitcoin is dominated by nerds with the capacity to implement complex financial infrastructures and instruments very quickly. Bitcoinica, in particular, which already offers margin and interest bearing deposit accounts, may soon provide a standardized market for bitcoin futures contracts. It may also decide to offer bitcoin options contracts. I expect, however, strictly based on the overhead of regulation, to see standardized bitcoin futures contracts sold exclusively by mining pools, followed closely behind by bitcoin options contracts.
'Fastest Growing Bitcoin Business' Paying Interest On Deposits
Today Bitcoinica began testing an incentive to attract deposits to its leveraged trading service — the only one of its kind where bitcoin positions are traded. An announcement of the incentive was posted on the BitcoinTalk forum by Zhou Tong, Bitcoinica's founder. Essentially, Bitcoinica has started paying interest to those holding balances in their accounts with the service and will start passing through interest rate differentials to those using leverage to hold BTC/USD positions.
Generally, those holding a long BTC/USD position (anticipating a rise in the exchange rate) will be paying interest and those with a short BTC/USD position (anticipating a drop in the exchange rate) will be receiving interest income.
Bitcoinica began operating its forex-like service in September, 2011 and has become the 'fastest growing Bitcoin business', according to Tong. That claim is likely true. Trades on Bitcoinica don't measure the same as trades on Bitcoin exchanges as trades on Bitcoinica don't cause bitcoins to actually trade hands. But the volume Bitcoinica sees daily can oftentimes exceed a third or more of all the bitcoin trades occurring on all the other Bitcoin exchanges combined!
A contributing factor to Bitcoinica's growth has been that its margin accounts are trivially easy to open and leverage is granted automatically without restrictions. To get started a trader transfers bitcoins or USD funds even using methods convenient to bitcoiners. Those arriving funds will then show in the balances for the trader's currency account.
An account's margin balance is then calculated based on the combined currency account balances — the USD balance plus the current value of the bitcoins held on deposit. A trader can then self-manage the account's leverage ratio, from 2.5:1 all the way up to a very risky 10:1.
Because a long BTC/USD position can be purchased using leverage gained through a margin balance funded by bitcoins themselves, Bitcoinica uses reserves of USDs to enable that leveraged transaction to be made. There has been more demand for these reserves than supply is available and as a result Bitcoinica has to deny new trades when reserves are insufficient — a condition that seems to have been occurring more often than not over the past several weeks.
By paying interest for deposits Bitcoinica hopes to attract additional funds. With USD deposits earning nearly 20% APY (the current cap set by the exchange), it would seem that the exchange should find no shortage of funds arriving from depositors seeking higher yields.
But there's the rub.
Bitcoinica is today likely operating without being in full compliance with the law in jurisdictions where it has customers, including the U.S.
Tong claims to be the official operator of Bitcoinica and CEO of xWayLabs, Inc. which is registered out of Delaware. Unclear at this time is whether or not xWayLabs has any legal relationship with Bitcoinica other than having the same owner. Tong does indicate that "there is going to be a change in the corporate status to allow financial services to be provided with full compliance, but we are unable to disclose more information".
Tong does admit "we are holding a huge amount of customer deposits" but also expresses his intention to "make our legal information fully available to our users" in a matter of "a few weeks".
While Tong may be confident that customer deposits will be safe and that withdrawals can be made unimpeded, his comments might indicate naivety. Faced with a concern from a customer that withdrawal will require identification Tong responds "Currently we don't have any KYC procedures. […] Just don't worry about it."
The young Zhou Tong is not the first individual to attempt to fly under the regulator's radar while operating a business that is not yet in compliance. Bitcoinica has already grown large enough to be noticed but the addition of 20% APY interest payments on USD deposits plus not following anti-money laundering (AML/KYC) requirements is like painting a big red target on your chest. Even if Bitcoinica has a plan to get itself "in full compliance", it may not have the "few more weeks" to do so.
(via bitcoinforum)
Cause of the BTCUSD Crash on February 13th, 2012
On February 13th, 2012, starting at about 4:30 Eastern Time (2:30 MST), the BTCUSD crashed, concurrently, Trade Hill announced that it was closing it doors and returning all deposits. The images below are two, 24-hour, snapshots of the BTCUSD crash on February 13th and 14th. The red line in each chart is about the time Trade Hill announced it was closing its doors.
Trade Hill's termination and subsequent selloff of at least a portion of the bitcoins it controlled likely instigated the crash. Trade Hill did not disclose how it intended to return the funds deposited, however, Trade Hill's niche was its ability to receive wire transfers from all major banks and currencies. Thus, for certain account Trade Hill may need to convert its bitcoin back tot he currencies it initially received. It is not clear how large Trade Hill was or how much capital Trade Hill controlled, however, due to the wide range of products and services it offered (e.g., bitcoin.com, bitinstant.com, etc.), its capital is likely substantial. If Trade Hill was executing massive sell orders in order to return money to its depositors' accounts, then the recent crash of February 13th may be artificial instigated, and then compounded with other market factors.
The closing of Trade Hill may be a sign of what is to come. Trade Hill cited that its close was due to increasing regulation (a topic I enjoy writing on) and chargebacks. Chargebacks are the mechanism by which PayPal and other banks will reverse an order based on the buyer's dissatisfaction of the received goods or services (in this case bitcoins). Chargebacks have been a major source of uncertainty for BTC traders, and will likely continue to be a problem. Many BTC exchanges and traders use Dwolla, because it claims to not issue chargebacks. Recently, however, Trade Hill explained that even Dwolla will issue chargebacks in certain circumstances. If users are unable to due to fear of chargebacks, this could a death blow to the Achilles heal of bitcoins.
TradeHill Shuts Down Due to Increasing Regulation and Charge Backs
The second largest exchange for buying and selling bitcoins, TradeHill, has shut down its trading operation and is returning funds on deposit from its clients.
The announcement from the exchange's CEO, Jared Kenna, blames 'increasing regulation' and losses exceeding $100K USD when transfers to the exchange were reversed by a payment processor (presumable the July 2011 incident in which TradeHill claimed Dwolla withdrew funds). A post on BetaBeat regarding today's closure also references the exchange's trouble processing transactions after an issue in January affecting their account at Citibank.
Though Kenna describes the intention to pursue licensing and raise funds, the TradeHill staff are now working on Bitcoin.com with a release planned before the end of the month. There was no mention of what service this site will offer.
- http://bit.ly/zHagSN (Announcement on TradeHill blog)
- http://bit.ly/zgtjLb (Post on BetaBeat)
(Source: bitcoinnews)
Are Bitcoins Securities Under U.S. Law?
No, bitcoins are not a security because it is not an "instrument commonly known as a 'security'", investment contract, or a foreign currency. Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 § 3(a)(10). A instrument commonly known as a security includes stocks, options, bonds, futures, etc., which bitcoins are clearly not. The last two, however, investment contract and foreign currency, need a more in depth analysis.
Investment Contract
Bitcoins are not investment contracts. An investment contract is defined as "any transaction in which 1) individuals were led to invest money, 2) in a common enterprise, 3) with the expectation that [the investor] would earn a profit, and 4) solely through the efforts of the promoter or of some one other than [the investor]." SEC v. W. J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298 (U.S. 1946).
Bitcoins do not fit within the legal definition of "money" in the U.S. Money means dollar bills and coinage. Frank v. ITT Commer. Fin. Corp. (In re Thompson Boat Co.), 230 B.R. 815, 820 (Bankr. E.D. Mich. 1995). Money is defined in the UCC, Article 1, §1-201 as:
A medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government.
The official comment states:
The test is that of sanction of government, whether by authorization before issue or adoption afterward, which recognizes the circulating medium as a part of the official currency of that government.
Bitcoins are also not earned solely through the efforts of another. Bitcoins are mined using computing power, often times within pools, but not solely through the efforts of others. Each miner that donates computer power to a pool is reward only in proportion to the amount computer power contributed to the pool. In Howey, investors bought small portions of an orange grove ("plot") from a promoter. The entire orange grove was managed, cultivated, and harvested by the promoter, or the promoter's contractors. Id. Each investor received a ratio of the profits equal to the percentage of the orange grove the investor owned after the oranges were sold. Id. Howey argued that the scheme employed was merely a general partnership. Id. The court, however, ruled that Howey's scheme was a horizontal commonality (pooling of investment funds and pro rata sharing of profits) and each plot sold was merely an investment contract because some amount of work is expected by each partner in a general partnership. Id.
Bitcoins are not investment contracts because 1) bitcoins are not money, and 2) bitcoins are earned based on the work of the miner. Miners do "invest" in specialized hardware to increase productivity. This is, however, more analogous to a miner or farmer that merely buys tools and equipment to increase output.
Bitcoins are not currency. Hollywood has incorrectly labeled bitcoins as currency by simply determining whether or not bitcoins are exchangeable. The Good Wife, Episode 13, Season 3. (A lawyer in the episode argued that bitcoins, unlike airplane miles, used to pay for a hotel stay, can then be used by the hotel to buy a book on Amazon.) The correct test, however, was laid out by the Supreme Court in California Bankers Assn v. Shultz, 416 U.S. 21, 41 (U.S. 1974):
"Currency" is defined in the Secretary's regulations as the "coin and currency of the United States or of any other country, which circulate in and are customarily used and accepted as money in the country in which issued
Bitcoins are not issued by the U.S. or any government that the U.S. recognizes. Bitcoins are also not sanctioned by the U.S. or any government that the U.S. recognizes. Therefore bitcoins are not a currency.
Bitcoins are not securities because bitcoins are not investment contracts, currency, or instruments commonly referred to as a security. This may quickly change. The securities laws are meant to be broad in the absence of an alternative regulatory scheme. See Reves v. Ernst & Young, 507 U.S. 170 (U.S. 1993). The U.S. may employ other doctrines (e.g., family resemblance test") to designate bitcoins as securities.
Can the U.S. regulate bitcoin, even if bitcoin is not a security? Absolutely. I have already discussed how the U.S. regulates bitcoin brokers (part 1, part 2). The U.S. may also regulate other bitcoin organizations, e.g. banks and exchanges, through the Bank Secrecy Act and Anti-Money Laundering act and other securities laws. Even though bitcoins are not securities, trading bitcoins, or other bitcoin instruments, are still regulated by the U.S.
Can the US Regulate Bitcoin Brokers? (Part 2)
Continued from Part 1…
Can the US regulate bitcoin brokers (as defined in part 1), even if bitcoin is not designated as a security or currency? Absolutely:
The US Supreme Court defined that an investment contract as any transaction in which 1) individuals were led to invest money 2) in a common enterprise 3) with the expectation that [the individuals] would earn a profit 4) solely through the efforts of the promoter or of some one other [the investors] (the "Howey Test"). SEC v. W. J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 298 (U.S. 1946). Although the Supreme Court in Howey said the profits must be derived solely from the efforts of others, lower courts have accepted that the investor's efforts in the common enterprise may contribute to profits. The efforts of the managers, however, must be predominant; the investors must be mostly passive.
The Howey Test embodies "a flexible rather than a static principle, one that is capable of adaptation to meet the countless and variable schemes devised by those who seek the use of the money of others on the promise of profits." SEC v. W. J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293, 299 (U.S. 1946). Securities Law is meant to be broad and far reaching in order anticipate needed regulation in cases where the underlying instrument is not an expressly designated as a security, and there is no alternative regulatory scheme. Daniel 439 U.S. 551.
The policy of the Securities Act "affords broad protection to investors is not to be thwarted by unrealistic and irrelevant formulae." W. J. Howey Co., 328 U.S. 293. Furthermore, "[t]he fact that some purchasers, by declining to enter into the service contract, chose not to accept the offer of the investment contract in its entirety, does not require a different result, since the Securities Act prohibits the offer as well as the sale of unregistered, nonexempt securities." Id. In Howey, the court found that selling portions of a citrus grove coupled with a contract for cultivating, marketing and remitting the net proceeds to the investor to be an investment contract. Id.
Similarly, when a broker, like Ultima Fund, offers to manage other people's bitcoin, with the expectation to make a profit, based on the broker's efforts, the transaction is an investment contract, and will subject to regulation. This does not mean that all transactions involving bitcoins make bitcoin its self a security, but that brokers (as defined in part 1) are subject to regulation. Even those that are argue that bitcoin is not a security agree that brokers may still be regulated. See "Why Bitcoin Isn't a Security Under Federal Securities Law," http://www.lextechnologiae.com/2011/06/26/why-bitcoin-isnt-a-security-under-federal-securities-law/
Again, the US understands that international commerce is important and vital to a growing US economy and the SEC's intent to help cultivate a healthy market for mutual benefit. When it comes to securities, even with bitcoin, permission is always better than forgiveness (because there is no forgiveness regardless of intent). See Dixon, 536 F.2d 1388.
Can the US Regulate Bitcoin Brokers?
Yes, the US does regulate brokers trading bitcoin, even if the exchange is foreign. Failure to register is as a broker or dealer is a violation of §§ 15(b) and 21C of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"). "Broker" and "Dealer" are defined broadly in §§ 3(a)(4) and 3(a)(5), respectively, of the Exchange Act. A broker is defined as (note, there are a few exceptions enumerated in the code that do not apply in this discussion):
Any person engaged in the business of effecting transactions in securities for the account of others.
A dealer is defined as:
Any person engaged in the business of buying and selling securities for such person's own account through a broker or otherwise.
Accordingly, the Guide to Broker-Dealer Registration (the "Guide"), issued by the Division of Trading and Markets U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") in 2002, in Article II(D)(6), states that all broker-dealers that are 1) physically operating within the US, 2) attempt to induce securities transaction in the US, or 3) use any means or instrumentalities of interstate commerce, must register with the SEC as a broker-dealer.
The US Supreme Court has made it clear that the US Congress has plenary power to regulate all commerce within US boarders, and between US citizens, regardless of location. The language used in part three of the Guide is particularly relevant. The phrase "instrumentalities of interstate commerce" is the phrasing used by the US Supreme Court granting plenary power to the US Federal Government (specifically Congress) to regulate any matter related to commerce that goes on within the US boarders or its citizens. See US v Lopez (1995).
In effect, if 1) any citizen of the US acts as a broker; 2) a broker within the US that trades on a foreign market; 3) a foreign broker has any US clients; or 4) a broker, foreign or domestic, uses US communication lines; that broker is in violation of US securities law unless the broker is registered with the SEC. Furthermore, if caught that broker can be punished to the full extent of the law.
The US government intends to protect its citizens, whether or not a particular broker is foreign or domestic, or whether the market place is foreign or domestic. The securities market is filled with so called "expert" or "experienced" money managers that have been found guilty of ponzi schemes and other forms of fraud. The interest of the US in protecting its citizens is not diminished merely because a market place, or broker, resides outside of its boundaries.
Whether or not the broker intended to mislead investors, the SEC has authority to issue sanctions against a company or persons acting as an unregistered broker-dealer in violation of the registration provisions of the Exchange Act. See United States v. Dixon 536 F.2d 1388 (2d Cir. N.Y. 1976). In the matter of RAM CAPITAL RESOURCES, LLC, MICHAEL E. FEIN, and STEPHEN E. SALTZSTEIN the court ruled that the SEC may issue sanctions, but not limited to, suspension from association with any broker or dealer for a period of twelve (12) months or more, and exceed $1 Million USD. See SEC Release No. 34-60149. Such sanctions constitute a felony under Form BD, which is the registration application for a broker-dealer license.
The US understands that international commerce is important and vital to a growing US economy and the SEC's intent to help cultivate a healthy market for mutual benefit. As stated in the Guide, "[t]he SEC staff stands ready to answer your questions and help you comply with our rules." The guide also includes the SEC's contact information to help those that are interested find answers to questions regarding registration. When it comes to securities, even with bitcoin, permission is always better than forgiveness (because there is no forgiveness regardless of intent). See Dixon, 536 F.2d 1388.
Continue to Part 2
As long as people can speculate and exchangers are unregulated [the value of bitcoins] won't stabilize soon. Maybe when every coin has been mined and the bulk of coins aren't controlled by the seekrit bitcoin illuminati.
Yes, mid and long term, absolutely. The bitcoin uptrend since November 2011 is intact.
@BitcoinAnalyst from http://www.bitcoinbullbear.com, in response to: Are you still bullish on BTCUSD?
BTCUSD Volatility Caused by an Acknowledged Bug at MtGox
The added increase to BTCUSD and decrease in value over the last 5 days is likely the fault of MtGox. In a recent reply regarding an attempted withdrawal, the MtGox support team stated:
We apologize for the delay. Our Dwolla transfer system are currently on hold due to some update. We will notify you through this ticket once we have an update."
On 1st of January, 2012, at 03:32:12 GMT, after selling GTC @ 6.7 USD/GTC, I requested a withdrawal to my Dwolla account. As usual I was told that the money should show up in my Dwolla account in "a few hours." I waited nearly 48 hours before submitting a support ticket, to which I received the following statement:
We have located your transfer and it will become processed soon. At the moment we are experiencing with slight delay so it may take extra 1-2 days for it to become processed into your dwolla account. If the funds do not arrive within the stated days, please send us a message back to our support and we will further investigate into this matter.
After two days had past the transaction had still not taken place. I replied again, letting the MtGox support team know that Dwolla has still not received my withdrawal, however, my MtGox account reflected that I did not have the funds to trade any more either. The MtGox team responded:
We apologize for the delay. Our Dwolla transfer system are currently on hold due to some update. We will notify you through this ticket once we have an update.
Since then I have been effectively locked out of trading. MtGox will not let me continue trading the money that it has not yet deposited into my Dwolla account, and I still don't have my USD. Furthermore, I am certainly not putting anymore GTC or USD into my MtGox account until this problem has been resolved.
My experiences seem to be coordinated with the recent market decline and increase in volatility. Since this is evidently a site-wide issue, many people have likely had similar experiences over the same time period. Thus, many other traders have also likely been effectively frozen. If so, it would explain the extreme volatility of GTCUSD, since volatility rises as liquidity dries up.
In the long run, neither MtGox nor the BTCUSD market will be affected by this issue. While It is essential for an exchange to provide liquidity and be trustworthy, this problem is no where near the magnitude of the flash crash of the NYSE. Furthermore, this liquidity shortage is artificially caused by technical mishaps, which is likely temporary and will make MtGox more stable as the exchange grows with the bitcoin market. Overall I have been generally pleased with MtGox, their services, and support; and I plan to resume trading as soon as this issue is fixed.


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The 3-1 Bengals host the Miami Dolphins for a Sunday afternoon showdown. What showdown? The Bengals are 3-1, against a lowly 1-3 Dolphins team. That's what the statistics show, but what Bengals fans need to be wary of come Sunday, is that the Dolphins are no pushover on the field. In fact, a couple of plays go differently, and this is a battle of two 3-1 teams.
Last year the young Bengals proved their worth by traveling to face a Seattle team that was supposed to be a trap game. They ended up winning 34-12. I think that this game against the Dolphins is going to be this year's early version of a trap game, but don't expect it to be quite so lop-sided as their rout in Washington.
The Dolphins travel to the Queen City on the cusp of back-to-back overtime losses. And while the Jets game should have been won in the end, not many could have expected the surprising Cardinals to have such a battle on their hands last week. That battle came in the from of 431 passing yards from a young Ryan Tannehill who is settling nicely into the NFL. That is, now that he's met Brian Hartline, who leads the league in receiving yards through week 4. A healthier Bengals secondary will help, but just remember that these numbers came against defenses like the Jets and Cardinals.

subset: commoncrawl


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HTC One hardware and first impressions (gallery)
Summary: It's a simple fact that HTC makes superb hardware and that the HTC One is their new undisputed champion. They did most everything right with the HTC One. See my hands-on report for all the details.
TOPICS: Mobility, Android, HTC, Reviews, Smartphones
17 of 23Image
Glass, plastic, and aluminum combined
The HTC One is well constructed.
HTC One
I love the quality of the HTC One.
Another view of the HTC One construction
Kick off your day with ZDNet's daily email newsletter. It's the freshest tech news and opinion, served hot. Get it.


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So, in the world of ResLife at Iona College, my dear friend Tyler Conroy is reapplying. For re-hires, we have to do a creative project reflecting on our year. I think Ty did a pretty damn good job showing who he is, who is floor is, and what a great community he's built.
He's also stolen other residents :[ but thats okay!


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If you're in the market for a vintage roadster that adds a new dimension of style and sophistication to your life, and you're willing to throw reliability and modern amenities into the dumpster, then an Austin-Healey MkIII is an excellent choice. Since a good example of the MkIII is relatively affordable, you'll be able to add the right gear and adorn yourself in the right garb to match your new British steed's level of panache.
Read More
Get the gear, don't attempt the accent
Kit: Austin-Healey MkIII
Read More
Full Monty
Grenson Cayton Boots
How old were you when you started working, let alone take over a company? Probably not as young as William Green who — with the help of his mother — took over the reigns of his father's shoemaking business in 1839. Moving out of his home in 1866, Green established his company under the name…


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Eau Claire County Forest
The Eau Claire County Forest comprises approximately 52,000 acres and is a popular area for hunting enthusiasts and wildlife observers. Whitetail deer, bear, woodcock, ruffed grouse, squirrels, rabbits and other game abound. Gated hunter walking/ game trails are mowed and maintained by the Parks and Forest Department to enhance grass and clover openings to benefit both game and non-game species. Hunting is allowed in the county forest, however, no permanent tree stands are allowed and portable tree stands must be removed daily.
The Eau Claire county forest was established by the Eau Claire County Board in 1934 and is one of the 29 county forests in Wisconsin. It is managed under Wisconsin Statutes 28.11 for the primary multiple uses of public recreation, wildlife habitat development, and timber production. Public recreation on the forest includes hunting, berry picking, wildlife observation, hiking, fishing and canoeing. The county also sponsors snowmobile and ATV trails on the forest. Camping on the forest is allowed but only between September 16 and April 30. Camping during the other months of the year is allowed only in the two designated campgrounds (Coon Fork and Harstad). Timber sales revenue from the forest are deposited into the county general fund and help to reduce the county tax levy. At just over 52,000 acres the Eau Claire county forest is the 15th largest in the state. The county forest is land set aside for future generations to use.
Fall Colors


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Reviews Huntington
It is well known as "Lime City". It is also famous for the Huntington Townships.
This famous locality was created in 1832. The population of this city is 17,450 as per the 2000 census, this population number consists Hispanic, Latino along with Native American and Africans.
The climate of Huntington city is sunny and dry in summer and in winter it has heavy snowfall.
Maximum temperature goes around ... More 30 degrees and minimum in winters goes around 7 to 8 degrees, rainfall in this region is on average.
A number of people in Huntington city have their own business or else they work in private jobs.
The University of Huntington arranges different festivals and carnivals in the city and the people of the city take part in it.
New Year carnival is one of the famous events of the city.
Your contribution can be useful for other tourists
Neighbouring cities Huntington
Distance: 37.4 km
City: Fort Wayne
Suggested things to do and to see
Distance: 28.9 km
City: Wabash
Distance: 29.1 km
City: Wabash
Distance: 49.7 km
City: Warsaw
Distance: 64.3 km
City: Auburn
Tips on where to stay
Distance: 12.1 km
City: Andrews
Distance: 12.1 km
City: Andrews
Distance: 26.3 km
City: Manor Woods
Distance: 49.8 km
City: Jonesboro
Explore map
Related Contents
More Travel Guides in United States:
Wabash (About 17.9 mi) - Fort Wayne (About 23.2 mi) - Marion (About 24.6 mi) - Warsaw (About 30.8 mi)
More information United States:
All cities in United States - United States Map - United States Photos
|Wabash - 17.9 mi
Wabash is a city which is situated in Noble Township in Wabash County. This city is also the county seat of Wabash County. This city is notable is also the foremost electrically...
|Fort Wayne - 23.2 mi
Fort Wayne, a city in Indiana, USA, was incorporated as a city in 1840. It has a population of around 223,000, with a majority of the population being immigrants from Germany and...


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Is My Disability Pension Taxable?
3. May 2011 19:33 / Author: Administrator / Online Tax Software Tips / Permalink | Comments (0)
As with most other things having to do with taxes and your tax return, the answer to, "Is my disability pension taxable?" is, "It depends." Getting your maximum refund will depend on knowing the details of your own particular situation. You must claim as income on your tax return disability pensi... [Read More...]


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1926 Coca Cola Soda Water Square Ribbed Aqua 6OZ Bottle
Sold For:
or Sign In to see what it's worth.
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Sold Date: 02/21/2007
Channel: Online Auction
Source: eBay
Category: Glass
You are bidding on a Very Nice Vintage 1926 Coca Cola Soda Water Square Ribbed Aqua 6 Ounce Bottle . Nice condition with no cracks or chips.
From what I have found, these bottles were used for bottling soda water.
Sides embossed:
Base embossed: C-C Waterloo Iowa
Measures 7 7/8" tall x 2 2/8" base diameter.
While you're , have a look at my other eBay auction items for more great bargains.
Auction Terms
Please ask all questions before BIDDING.
Item pictured will always be item shipped, NO "stock" or borrowed photos EVER .
I will combine multiple purchases for shipping & charge actual costs.
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For shipping charges to areas other than the US states , bidders must contact seller for shipping quote.
Winning bidder should make contact within 3 days, to specify payment details.
Prompt payment is expected (Within 5 business days).
Feedback Policy: I only leave positive feedback after the winner is satisfied and has left feedback. I always enter feedback for those that enter feedback for my auctions. On all my auctions, the goal is 2 winners: B UY ER S EL LE R While you're , have a look at my other eBay auction items for more great bargains.
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This 1974 Avanti II is a nice 20/20 driver or can be restored. Has a good running 1970 Chevy 350/300 with a TH400 trans.... More
1975 Avanti II only 78k actual recent gorgeous fire red finish. Nice grey cloth interior, nice chrome bumpers and stainless. Original straight/tight 350 stock... More
1975 Avanti II 1 of 125 Hand Built Cars Original Order/Build Form Fiberglass Body / Absolutely no rust We are pleased to offer this... More
AVANTI: 1975, basketcase? barnfind? I disassembled it 20 years ago, NOS hog troughs, 400/400, new springs, $6,500. 252-946-0062, NC; [email]... More
AVANTI: 1978, 102,500 original miles, 350 Corvette motor, 400 auto trans, a/c, pw, pdl, ps, pdb, tilt, moonroof, blue paint, blue cloth, southern car,... More
AVANTI: 1963 R-1, 55,000 original miles, auto, ps, pdb, southern car, excellent original hog troughs, needs restoration, $7,495. Nostalgic, worlds oldest Avanti dealership, 800-AVANTI-X,... More
AVANTI: 1977, 73,000 original miles, Corvette 350, 400 trans, tan leather, unmolested original car, needs paint and hog troughs, $7,950. Nostalgic Motor Cars, the... More


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La Crosse Rotary After Hours
Sunday, December 14th
Riverside Park at 4 PM
The Pearl Street Brewery
Saturday, October 25th from 7-11 PM
Costume Contest, Prizes, Brewery Tours, Music by TUGG
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Roasted Garlic Soup with Parmesan Cheese Reviews
Bon Appétit | February 1999
Charleston Grill, Charleston, SC
reviews & comments (265)
Great recipe, I always make it a day ahead to make it extra rich in flavour. One suggestion that helps make a velvet smooth soup is to pour it through a double fine sieve when finished.
Wonderful, easy and delicious. It is even better reheated the next day. I also used the leftovers with some extra butter and some cream cheese in mashed potatoes...very tasty!
Served this on Christmas Eve and my family loved it. They are typically very fussy and don't eat anything out of the norm so this is a real complement to the recipe. My daughter even wanted the recipe.
Absolutely wonderful, but BEWARE.....this soup is best served with beano, or provide everyone with a take home can of air freshener. I've served this recipe twice and everyone enjoyed it immensely, but they all had the same reaction a couple of hours later.
I didn't do the cheese part, but the soup came out with rave reviews. A friend of mine who dislikes onions loved it when I made the soup sans onions (and added too much cream, heh). My only complaints are: 1> heavy cream... i'll try it with skim milk & see if it loses anything 2> I couldnt find fresh thyme, and with the dry thyme, it had a slightly off flavor to me. I'd like to experiment with other spices. But overall a VERY good dish.
this is a wonderful soup.It was the hit of the dinner. Even better the next day. You must really like garlic.
I served this with a crusty sourdough bread. Much the same way the wedge of lemon complimented the rich, roasted flavor of the garlic, the sour flavor of the bread added an additional layer of flavor.


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Interstate Child Custody Cases in Virginia – Emergency Jurisdiction
Virginia child custody cases are subject to the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA). If either parent does not live in Virginia, they should consider whether it would be better for them if their Virginia child custody case were moved to their own state. If, for example, your custody order is from a court in Colorado, and you have lived in Colorado continuously since the order was made you would probably want to ask that any case about child custody or visitation that is filed in a Virginia court be dismissed. Under the UCCJEA, Colorado has continuing and exclusive jurisdiction. That means that, unless the other parent can convince the Colorado court to relinquish its exclusive jurisdiction, the case must be done in Colorado.
A common scenario is that the parent who has custody and lives in another state sends the child to Virginia for a summer visit. The other parent files a custody case in Virginia, asking that custody be changed to them. Sometimes this is accompanied by a claim that there is an emergency that requires an immediate determination of child custody in Virginia. Usually the claim of an emergency is based on an allegation that some kind of abuse has occurred in the other state.
The UCCJEA does permit this kind of emergency jurisdiction. However, because there is a child custody order from another state, the order must have a time limit. Virginia Code Section 20-146.15 says:
"If there is a previous child custody determination that is entitled to be enforced under this act, or a child custody proceeding has been commenced in a court of a state having jurisdiction under §§ 20-146.12, 20-146.13 or § 20-146.14, any order issued by a court of this Commonwealth under this section must specify in the order a period that the court considers adequate to allow the person seeking an order to obtain an order from the state having jurisdiction. The order issued in this Commonwealth remains in effect until an order is obtained from the other state within the period specified or until the period expires."
In this situation, the out-of-state parent needs to have a Virginia child custody attorney make a motion in the Virginia court to either dismiss the case or put a short time limit on the emergency order. A common mistake is to rely on a lawyer in the other state to take care of this kind of situation. You should never rely on a lawyer who is licensed in one state to take care of a matter that is in a court of another state where they do not have a license. The lawyer in the other state should instead assist you in finding a competent Virginia child custody attorney to help you have the Virginia case dismissed.
If you need legal advice about your Virginia Divorce call us now to (757) 491-0240 or (757) 619-5304


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Dozens of passengers were stranded early Thursday morning on an N train that was parked overnight at the Coney Island-Stillwell Avenue station. But the Metropolitan Transportation Authority said the incident was far different from the stranded A trains in the Rockaways that became a symbol of governmental bungling during the big December snowstorm.
Straphangers headed to Brooklyn around 2 a.m. were diverted to the Coney Island station, at which point officials informed them that subway and bus service in the area had been suspended for the remainder of the night. Many had no options other than to wait at the station aboard an N train that was parked on the tracks at the station, which serves as a terminal for the line.
The train was kept heated. At one point, transit officials asked passengers to leave the train so that it could be used to sweep iced-over tracks, but the riders refused. Around 6 a.m., four hours later, trains began going back into service, and the N train headed out from the station.
Read more…


text:
GreatSchools Rating
Teacher quality
Principal leadership
Parent involvement
Wow... My son is new at BCES and he loves it! Mom and dad are happy too. What a wonderful staff and such focused leadership! This school is the place for student success!
This is behond the 'most' excellent school. My daughter is on the honor roll and in 4th grade. Now just the other day when she was home sick vice principal Mr. Sheron called to check on her. Now that just touched my heart! Now the teachers are outstanding. Mrs. Baker! Mrs. Rawlings. All the staff in the office. I feel safe with my daughter at Bourbon Central. Mr. Rankin is an excellent principal. He really cares. For each and every student. I know each day when my child leaves my home. She is learning and getting a good education & is safe. Way to go to the staff at Bourbon central. I rank you top of list! I thank you and keep up your hard work.
i really love the teacher. Mrs. Rawlins Mrs. Ernest, and Mrs. Lizer are excellent teachers. I am so glade my children have them . I could not ask for better teachers. They are always willing to talk to you. They make sure to keep you informed with how your children are doing. I am so thankful to them for all the concern, understanding, and are so compassionate towards the kids. It's great to see teachers that really love they're job ,and I as a parent so much appreciate it.
Wow, I substitute here and it is amazing! I would love to get a job here one day. The teachers are outstanding and the school has great leadership. This school tops the chart when it comes to education.
Community ratings and reviews do not represent the views of GreatSchools nor does GreatSchools check their accuracy or verify the reviewers' identities. Use your discretion when evaluating these reviews.
The Community Rating is the school's average rating from its community members (e.g., parents, students, and school staff). The highest possible rating is five stars; the lowest is one star.
367 Bethlehem Rd
Paris, KY 40361
Phone: (859) 987-2195
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@ the Mill Room
Our last benefit of the season is for The Friends of Connect Buncombe. Come out to the Mill Room on Thursday, November 13 for an evening of tasty bites, drinks and entertainment from band Empire Strikes Brass. Party will start at 6:00 pm. Check back for more details on the event.


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Welcome to Fans of Korea Republic (Soccer)
7/20/06 in Soccer
2014 World Cup Draw: USA gets a 'Group of Death'
Messi commits �forever� to Barcelona
Galaxy asks Donovan to stay in MLS
A look at 2014 FIFA World Cup bracket
Why money doesn't buy you success
The Everyman's Guide to Loving the Euro
Are the MLS playoffs a joke?
City celebrate, United congratulate
Racial slurs = kick in the groin. Fair!
Featured Quiz


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child abuse
Mendham Monument to Child Abuse Victims Damaged Again
Child Abuse Reports Drop For 5th Straight Year
Did Suspected Child Abuser Leave Victims in Lakewood?
A Newton 56-year-old arrested in July for kiddie porn later admitted luring a 15-year-old to Pennsylvania for sex and having erotic fantasies about child cannibalism, say federal investigators. Now they want to know if Robert Mucha's alleged victims include any children in Lakewood, where he spent time as a drum and bugle corps instructor several years ago.
Former Penn State President Says He Was Abused
Beer In Child's Sippy Cup Lands Phoenix Mom In Jail
Jerry Sandusky's Delay Request Denied
Penn State Scandal Boosts Calls to NJ's Hotline
What Do You Consider Excessive Punishment On Your Children?
According to a New Jersey court,
A slap on the face constitutes excessive corporal punishment if it's hard enough to leave a handprint and bruising.
This is coming on the heels of a child welfare case in which a woman slapped her 8-yea


text:
This job is no longer available
Further information
The Special Educational Needs and Early Years team are currently searching for an experienced SEN and EY support assistant. The successful candidate must have experience of working with children with Special Educational Needs ideally in the Early Years setting. Our client is looking for an assistant who can meet the individual needs of their pupil and who can commit to working with their pupils.
The successful candidate will be:
A Level 2 or 3 Qualified Nursery Nurse or an Experienced SEN TA
Able to join an already successful and hard working team
Able to use their own initiative
Determined to provide high level childcare and education at an appropriate level
Enthusiastic in making learning through play fun
Randstad Education has high safeguarding and Child Safety checks in accordance to the Quality Mark and DfES Regulations. This position is subject to an enhanced DBS check and satisfactory references.
For additional information on this position please call Clare on 0161 245 3637 or email your CV


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Getting Around
Mammoth Cave National Park's diverse landscape is accessed by a network of parkways, roads, and river crossings. Normally, visitors have no difficulty making their way around the park, but occasionally weather conditions or construction may block roads or prevent ferries from running. Check the links on this page for road and trail closures or ferry updates if you have concerns about your planned route, or select the link at right to obtain park maps.
Did You Know?
Stalactites grow downward – they hang "tight" to the ceiling – while stalagmites grow upward – they "might" reach the ceiling someday. Mammoth Cave's formations include many types of calcite formations.


text:
Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
1/1 Photo of Spicy Smoked Chicken Thighs
Prep Time:
Cook Time:
4 hrs
2 hrs
This is my own recipe for smoking chicken thighs. The sauce is sort of a southern "sweet heat" and has a bit of a kick to it! I generally serve this with coleslaw and baked beans.I hope you enjoy!
Serves: 4
Units: US | Metric
Serving Size: 1 (1155 g)
Servings Per Recipe: 4
The following items or measurements are not included:
sriracha sauce
Your life in the kitchen will never be the same.


text:
John Legend - Who Do We Think We Are
Artist: John Legend
Featuring: Rick Ross
Producer: Legend, Kanye West and Dave Tozer
Album: Love in the Future
Avg Rating: 3.5 ( 13 votes )
Unable to Watch this Youtube Video? Click here to play in Soundcloud instead.
"Who the f**k is this John Legend guy, and where does he get off creating beautiful songs for our listening pleasure? What nerve!", said… nobody ever. While the G.O.O.D. Music R&B singer is way past the point of having to justify his activities, he demonstrates his humility by calling himself out on Who Do We Think We Are, the official lead single off his next studio album. Over his, Kanye West and Dave Tozer's production, a luxuriant flip of Jean Knight's classic Mr. Big Stuff, Legend fills fans in on just how well he's been feeling, and living, of late. Assisting on the guest tip, Rick Ross contributes his luxuriant lyrical stylings to the record's middle portion. Fans will be able to find this cut, Booth-approved buzz record The Beginning and much more on Love in the Future, scheduled to hit record stores and online retailers June 25.
Update: Click "Watch Video" above or scroll down to view John Legend's Paul Gore-directed Who Do We Think We Are visual.
John LegendRick Ross Music VideosR&B/PopHitmaker
Written by richard on 05/7/13
Submit your Rating
G.O.O.D. Music/Columbia
First DJ Booth Appearance:
"Grammy Family" (2006)
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TEMPTU graced the faces of influential tastemakers in the fashion industry, Linda Fargo and Charlotte Dellal.
Fargo, as the senior vice president of Bergdorf Goodman, is responsible for the iconic windows at the legendary department store. Dellal is the designer known for her playful and colorful shoes under the label Charlotte…Read More
One of our most active tweeting and Facebook posting Makeup Artists, Griselle Rosario, shared this flawless editorial shoot she worked on for Matte Magazine. To give model Karin Agstam her porcelain doll skin, Griselle airbrushed her skin with TEMPTU PRO's S/B Foundations in 001 Porcelain and 002 Blush Ivory. For Karin's pinky flush and shadow, Griselle used a combination of S/B Highlighters in 050 Pink Pearl and 055 Champagne Shimmer, and S/B Blush in 045 Peony. We just love this Berry Sweet spread. It's totally putting us in the mood for all things Spring!
Read More
The look the TEMPTU PRO Team created backstage for the Fall 2011 Odilon show, was definitely one of the most avant-garde looks we've created for New York Fashion Week. Now here's your chance to learn how to recreate the look yourself!


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Photos and Description of this 6 bedroom holiday cottage in Kavarna - BGN184
The holiday home is situated in the quiet residential area of the town of Balchik - known for its white rocks and the botanical garden with the summer palace of the queen. Outside there is a cozy, wood-paneled lounge seating for up to 20 people. The rooms are functional, practical and equipped with bathrooms en suite. On the manicured lawn in front of the house are chairs and a parasol available. The friendly, helpful owner lives on the ground floor of the house.
- Suitability:
- pets not allowed


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Explore - Typography
A Look at Google's Illustrated Logos
We went down an Internet rabbit hole and unearthed Google Doodles—what the tech company dubs its illustrated logos that "celebrate holidays, anniversaries, and the lives of famous artists, pioneers...written by: Diana Budds04.17.13
Book Designs by Atelier Dyakova
London-based Russian graphic designer Sonya Dyakova is making us rethink the notion of judging a book by its cover. After studying in San Francisco, the typography specialist moved to London to...04.18.13
Friday Finds 08.23.13
A folding car inspired by an armadillo, typography flashcard game, and vintage snaps of San Francisco? All that and more in this installment of Friday Finds!08.23.13
From A to Z: Typography Illustrations by Jing Zhang
East London-based typographer, illustrator, and designer Jing Zhang revisits the ABCs with her highly detailed 26 lettered collection of the English alphabet.07.02.13
Identity Design We Love: Helsinki Food Company
Prepare to get charmed by a design agency, Werklig's, simple brand identity for Helsinki Food Company.05.02.13
Just My Type
From simple signage to repurposed letterforms, take a look at how typography turns up beautifully in these homes.written by: Jami Smith02.08.13
Laura Ashley
Laura Ashley and her husband Bernard started printing fabric on their kitchen table in London in 1953, following a Women's Institute exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum on traditional...02.01.13
Logotypes by Two Times Elliott
We're quite keen on these seven simple, kinetic logotypes by Notting Hill, London-based design consultancy, Two Times Elliott. Explore some more design and typography here!05.06.13
Pinterest Board of the Day: Typography
The Dwell team shares all manner of design discoveries daily on Pinterest. Enjoy this look at typography we find interesting, novel, or simply beautiful (typeface nerds, be sure to follow our...written by: Sara Ost02.07.13
Q&A with Typeface Designer Matthew Carter
When Matthew Carter finished high school in England in the 1950s, he moved to the Netherlands for a year; he's been working with typography ever since. "This was supposed to be an interlude before...written by: Rebecca L. Weber03.19.13
Sofia Design Week 2013: The Balkan Date
The recent fifth edition of Sofia Design Week in Bulgaria's capital city marked a milestone for this international festival devoted to design and visual culture from Eastern Europe and beyond. The...written by: Abigail Doan07.02.13
The Best Way to Say Thank You
Sometimes a hand-written note is the only way to go, and from a simple statement to a clever quip, Dwell's found the right card for the occasion.written by: Olivia Martin05.02.13
Tumblr We Love: TypeToy
One man's inspiration is another's inspiration? TypeToy was created as a personal online reference library with an emphasis in vintage design and typography by Aaron Eiland, a senior designer by...03.18.13
Typeface Designer We Love: Jordan Metcalf
Cape Town, South Africa-based typeface designer and artist Jordan Metcalf has a knack for creating puzzling, intricate algorithms in the form of typefaces. Whether experimenting with personal...04.03.13


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( ABC NEWS) Prince William and Kate Middleton, the commoner turned duchess, sealed their royal wedding with two kisses on the balcony of Buckingham Palace as heart shaped balloons floated above cheering British subjects.
Stepping out onto the balcony, the couple was flanked by the wedding party, the royal family including Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles and the bride's family.
With hundreds of thousands gathered below them and millions watching expectantly on TV, the prince kissed his bride quickly. The crowd cheered and began chanting, "Kiss her again." The royal couple obliged with a second peck on the lips.
William and Kate looked up into the London sky as the Royal Air Force performed a flyover congratulating the couple. William is a member of the Royal Air Force.
The bells of Westminster Abbey serenaded London. They started ringing when the newly married Kate Middleton and Prince William rode triumphantly in an open carriage waving to the cheering throngs.
William reportedly told Middleton in the carriage, "I'm so happy," according to a lip reader.
As the couple exited the abbey following their wedding in front of 1,900 guests, the bride curtsied to Queen Elizabeth and William bowed.
Earlier, Prince William and Kate Middleton, holding each other's hands and gazing into one another's eyes, exchanged wedding vows, turning the commoner bride into royalty and thrilling royal watchers around the world. William, 28, slipped a wedding band made of Welsh gold on the finger of the 29-year-old Middleton.
The bride, wearing a tiara loaned to her by the queen, appeared to marvel at the majesty of the thousand year old Abbey, looking up and smiling as she and William sang along with their guests of friends, celebrities and royalty from other countries. Nearly 400 of the guests are close family and friends.
Earlier, with her face still veiled, Kate Middleton held onto her father and grinned as she walked down the aisle of the ornate cathedral to wed Prince William, the heir to the British throne. A nervous Prince William chewed his lip as his mother, Princess Diana, used to do.
Prince William told Middleton, "You look beautiful" when she arrived at the altar of the church. They exchanged smiles and William leaned over and winked at his father-in-law, Michael Middleton. William reportedly cracked a joke saying, "We're supposed to have just a small family affair," according to a lip reader.
The wedding, watched by over 2 billion people worldwide, delighted the people of Britain. Crowds of at least 600,000 lined the streets to watch the wedding, which is a national holiday. When the couple said their vows, the crowds let out a huge roar and popped champagne bottles.
Royal watchers enveloped in the Union Jack flag, waved and screamed outside of Buckingham Palace as orange balloons floated above them. The Band of Welsh Guards marched along the procession route in their red uniforms and black fur hats. Fans wore sparkly hats and masks of the married couple.
The tough economic times seemed forgotten as the Archbishop of Canterbury presided over the meticulously planned wedding spectacle.
The newly titled Duchess of Cambridge wore a veil with her arms and shoulders covered in lace as she made her vows that turned the commoner bride into royalty. Pippa Middleton, Kate's sister, greeted her at the door of the Abbey. She tended to Middleton's wedding dress, designed by Sarah Burton, a student of late British designer Alexander McQueen.
The arrival of Middleton's limousine was the final step in a carefully choreographed procession of celebrities, dignitaries and royalty to the historic church for the nuptials.
Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles, the grandmother and father of the groom, arrived at Westminster Abbey just moments before Middleton. Queen Elizabeth, wearing a bright yellow suit and hat, waved to the crowds as she and Prince Philip arrived to the site of the wedding.
The crowds who turned out for the event were jubilant, but at least 18 people have been arrested, Scotland Yard reported, and an abandoned car at the intersection of Grosvenor Gardens and Buckingham Palace Road was investigated by explosives officers, the BBC reported.
Middleton's mother, Carole, arrived with her son James. James was the only family member to speak during the wedding. He read a passage from the King James Bible.
Prince William, resplendant in a crimson tunic of the Irish Guards and accompanied by his brother Prince Harry, saluted the guards as the car left Clarence House. William wore a blue sash with his red uniform. The sash represents the order of the garter, the most senior and the oldest British Order of Chivalry. It was founded in 1348.
"He's wearing the uniform of the Irish Guards because he is the colonel of the Irish Guards," said Robert Lacey, royal historian. "He's chosen to wear it because it's going to look very good on the day. Perhaps he knows it's going to match whatever his bride to be is going to wear as well."
Riding in a Bentley, William and Harry cheerfully greeted the excited crowds who lined their route to Westminster Abbey.
"I can hardly believe it actually. I sometimes still think of them as the 15 and 13 years olds that they were…terrible naughty teenagers and here they are young men about to launch into a new chapter of William's life. How exciting," said Colleen Harris, former press secretary to the royal family.


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Warrior Princess series by Mike Roshuk
Because obviously women can't be warriors unless they make themselves as vulnerable as possible to being wounded
^ sums it up
I mean ariel makes sense (maybe??? does it?) but those are virtually the most useless armour designs I have ever seen WELL MY SHOULDERS ARE PROTECTED WHICH IS GOOD BECAUSE I KEEP ALL OF MY VITAL ORGANS IN THERE
somewhere in the distance, Tarzan pokes his head up, "Hey, where have all of my hyper-feminine loincloths gone??"
Armor: works only for males, turns out.
(Screams quietly into Erasmus's Praise of Folly.)
Not in the least defending the "female armor trend", but to address one common component of it that adds nothing to the criticism- The idea of armor that only covers the shoulder and/or arm is plausible and historically accurate. Called a Galerus (shoulder) or Manica (arm), the traditional gladiator armor for someone wielding a net or trident sacrificed body protection for mobility and left the man naked except for a loincloth and armored arm and shoulder:
It's debatable whether anyone went into an actual battle wearing this, gladiators were meant to die for the entertainment of the viewers, but the idea of someone fighting almost naked with armor only on the shoulder is not in and of itself absurd.
Of course, I haven't seen a lot of male video game characters wearing one lately. I mean aside from this guy-


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Puri Alam Dewata
Real Reviews
Real reviews from fellow travellers
These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " For the price, this room was located quite far from town and far too dirty mold in the bathroom and termites in the furniture. The staff was very helpful, though. "
- 13 Jan 2012 Aireanne


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A proud new dad sits down to have a drink with his father
"Well son, now that you've got a kid of your own, I think it's time to give you this"
"Dad, you don't mean-"
"Yes son, I do" *Dad pulls out copy of 1001 Dad Jokes, 5th Edition*
"Dad… I'm honoured…", he says, tears sparkling in his eyes.
"Hi honoured", replies his father. "I'm dad".
Parents will make food and leave the dishes in the sink, go watch tv, discuss the current economic status of our country, finish War and Peace and find all the number in pi but a child makes food and leaves a dish in there for 30 nanoseconds and its "OMG CLEAN UP YOUR MESS I RAISED YOU BETTER THAN THIS YOU HAVE NO MAID HERE!"
my parents.
Doctor Who's companions on life inside the TARDIS [x]
How long have the whovians held on to this one?
This is why this show is a gem
1. You are letting people tell you that you should be doing other things with your time.
2. You can't live with the level of clean that your family accepts as normal.
3. You haven't decided to treat your writing seriously and so no one around you treats it seriously,…
this is 100% true this is the only thing girls think about ever
i was just thinking about this and now its getting notes out of nowhere
pizza pizza pizza
Finally an oversexualized male Halloween costume
none pizza with left beef
no you've stolen my post why must you be funny
positive lady characters meme | Donna Noble + powerful/feminist moment
My mom told me to "find a man who respects you like a sea captain respects the sea." A man who looks at you with awe and reverence but knows you are a force of nature. I like that.


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Definition of free speech in English:
free speechSyllabification: free speech
Another term for freedom of speech.
More example sentences
- Another of his hallmarks was a consistent struggle for free speech and human rights.
- Yet today the courts are developing the UK human rights law on free speech in relation to a right to privacy.
- With the advent of the Internet, the right to free speech has become a realization.
Definition of free speech in:
- The British & World English dictionary
Get more from Oxford Dictionaries
Subscribe to remove adverts and access premium resources
Word of the day oleaginous
Pronunciation: ˌəʊlɪˈadʒɪnəs
rich in, covered with, or producing oil; oily


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Damien Sandow
Real Name
Aaron Haddad
Date of Birth
August 3, 1982
Place of Birth
If you watched WWE NXT Takeover last night, you know that Tyler Breeze failed to win the heavyweight championship. However, management might have something better for him. Reports have surfaced that Breeze is on the verge of being given a promotion to the main roster, where the cocky character will be joining the entourage of the Miz, which already features Damien Sandow.
September 12, 2014
On Monday Night Raw this week, fans witnessed Mark Henry making his return and attacking Damien Sandow. The belief is that he will be given a slight push from WWE, so that he can be utilized in an upcoming feud with Alexander Rusev, who desperately needs people to work against after he is done with Jack Swagger. Beating a performer as big as Henry should help further establish Rusev as a top level heel.
August 5, 2014
Since he has shown a willingness to not only do what is asked of him but to actually put in great effort in doing so, Damien Sandow has been earning a good amount of praise backstage by his peers in WWE. They are impressed by the fact that he has not grown frustrated with the new gimmick. Unfortunately for Sandow, though, management does not feel that he deserves a real push at the moment.
July 28, 2014
In a rather interesting move, management has removed Adam Rose and Damien Sandow from the Intercontinental Championship battle royal at WWE Battleground 2014. No word yet on why they were pulled from the match, but rumors are floating around that the two of them could be given a singles match on the pay per view. As of right now, there are twenty remaining contestants competing for the belt.
July 16, 2014
Rumors are floating around right now that Adam Rose is expected to replace Santino Marella as the comedy routine on Monday Night Raw and Smackdown. However, those reporting on the speculation are failing to remember that Damien Sandow actually owns that role in WWE at the moment. Management is still not sold on Rose, so the chances of him being moved above Sandow isn't very high at the moment.
July 11, 2014
Rumors going around right now is that the impersonation gimmick that Damien Sandow has been doing is basically a way for the creative department to appease Vince McMahon, who has been known to find humor in stuff like this. To his credit, Sandow has embraced the role, in hopes that it will convince WWE to finally give him the push that he deserves.
July 7, 2014
According to backstage rumors, Adam Rose is clinging on by a thread since key members of WWE management, including Vince McMahon and producer Kevin Dunn, are not big fans of his character. Things might have gotten worse since his match at Money in the Bank 2014 against Damien Sandow was basically ignored by the live audience. Rose could be demoted from television very soon.
July 5, 2014
Some more names have been added to the upcoming WWE Intercontinental Championship battle royal. Big E, Curtis Axel, Dolph Ziggler, Rob Van Dam and Ryback are now in the match at WWE Battleground 2014. They join Kofi Kingston, Damien Sandow, Great Khali and Antonio Cesaro. As of right now, the company is favoring the idea of giving the title to Cesaro.
July 2, 2014
A video from Monday Night Raw of Damien Sandow dressed as WWE CEO Vince McMahon.
July 1, 2014
Since Wade Barrett is injured and will require several months on the shelf, WWE decided to strip him of the Intercontinental Championship and put it on the line in a battle royal at Battleground 2014. Four names have been confirmed so far for the match. Kofi Kingston, Damien Sandow, Great Khali and Antonio Cesaro will be involved in that match. More is expected to be added through the next few weeks.
July 1, 2014
Since WWE needed a filler segment at Money in the Bank 2014 and wanted to showcase Adam Rose a little bit, he was given a quick match against Damien Sandow, who was dressed as Paul Revere. Match was not really all that noteworthy, and Rose got the win after hitting the Party Foul finishing move. This was a segment that belongs more on Monday Night Raw than a pay per view.
June 29, 2014
Those that watch Monday Night Raw and Smackdown are already aware that Damien Sandow is being buried by WWE. The company also decided to humiliate him a bit over the weekend at a live event in Hamilton. He was booked in three quick losses to Titus ONeil, Bo Dallas and Adam Rose within a span of a couple of minutes.
June 15, 2014
While a lot of wrestling fans weren't exactly sure who Lance Stephenson was, the move by WWE to have Damien Sandow mocking an NBA player has paid off. Several sports media outlets have picked up on the story, which gives WWE free publicity. Since Stephenson has been known to retaliate in the public, there's a chance that WWE could receive further publicity if he responds to this segment.
June 3, 2014
Since Monday Night Raw is in Indiana, WWE decided to have Damien Sandow doing a segment to taunt the fans by having him mock Lance Stephenson, who happens to play for the hometown Pacers. For those that do not follow the NBA, Stephenson recently generated a lot of headlines because he attempted to trash talk LeBron James during the playoffs and failed miserably.
June 2, 2014
As a sign of how much the company values his overseas appeal, Sami Zayn was brought on the tour of Europe with the main roster. The developmental wrestler worked matches with Damien Sandow and was actually given the win. Zayn is starting to become a regular on these overseas tour, so it would not be a stretch to see WWE promoting him to Monday Night Raw soon.
May 25, 2014
Fans who watched Monday Night Raw saw Alicia Fox throwing quite a fit at ringside after losing her match to WWE Divas Champion Paige. The company also released a video on the app, where Alicia approached Stephanie McMahon and quit the company. Early rumors floating around are that Alicia, Damien Sandow and several other WWE stars are working a story line about lower level performers being frustrated.
May 12, 2014
A video from Monday Night Raw of the segment where Hugh Jackman, who portrays Wolverine in the movies, and Dolph Ziggler attacking Damien Sandow, who was dressed as Magneto. WWE did this segment to draw in mainstream media attention.
April 30, 2014
In a hilarious segment, Damien Sandow came out on Monday Night Raw, dressed as comic character Magneto of the X-Men. He came out to interrupt Hugh Jackman, who portrays Wolverine, and Dolph Ziggler. The segment came off especially well since Sandow wore a purposely bad costume and really committed to the routine. Jackman and Ziggler ended up attacking Sandow to end the segment.
April 28, 2014
After weeks of being relegated to the developmental program, it appears that Brodus Clay is on the verge of making his return to WWE. The big man worked a live event in Kentucky for the company over the weekend, where he teamed with Damien Sandow to face Big E Langston and Mark Henry. Clay could be brought back to Monday Night Raw soon.
April 28, 2014
With the X-Men star making a return appearance next week, WWE has been hinting that Hugh Jackman is going to be knocking out one of the wrestlers. The company set up a poll to see which performer the fans wanted to see in the roll. Damien Sandow, JBL, Wade Barrett, Randy Orton, Batista, Ryback, Curtis Axel, Zeb Colter, Fandango and Jack Swagger were all included, but Triple H and Paul Heyman are currently in the lead.
April 25, 2014
A picture of Velvet Sky wearing a blue bikini for an official TNA photo shoot.
August 16, 2014
A stunning picture of TNA Knockout Brooke Tessmacher wearing a blue bikini while laying around in the water at the beach.
August 2, 2014
A picture of WWE diva Lana in a white thong.
July 28, 2014
A picture of former WWE diva Maryse Ouellet wearing a tan bikini and showing off her tremendous body.
July 24, 2014
A picture of Randy Orton being pulled over by a police officer in Florida because the tint on his car was darker than the state allows. The WWE star posted the image on his Instagram account and stated that the authorities should have bigger fish to fry than to simply pull over someone with tint that is too dark.
July 21, 2014
A picture of former WWE divas Kaitlyn and Shelly Martinez together at an independent wrestling show.
July 18, 2014
A picture of Brooke Tessmacher from a TNA photo shoot, and she's wearing quite the colorful bikini.
July 1, 2014
A picture of TNA Knockout Madison Rayne wearing a blueish green bikini and pulling down the bottom to reveal a bit more skin.
June 30, 2014
A picture of Santana Garrett, also known as Brittany in TNA, wearing an orange bikini and showing off her lovely rear end.
June 29, 2014
A picture of Gail Kim wearing a revealing grey bikini for a TNA photo shoot.
June 28, 2014
A picture of TNA Knockout Taryn Terrell pulling down on her blue bikini to show us all a little bit more of her breasts.
June 27, 2014
A picture of TNA Knockout Velvet Sky wearing a pink bikini that is barely hanging on to her crotch area.
June 26, 2014
A picture of Christy Hemme wearing a yellow bikini for an official TNA photo shoot.
June 25, 2014
A picture of Brooke Tessmacher dressed up as an angel. The TNA Knockout is showing off her rear end, which ranks among the best in professional wrestling.
June 25, 2014
A picture of former TNA Knockouts Champion Angelina Love in a peach bikini.
June 24, 2014
A bikini picture of Angelina Love and Velvet Sky, collectively known in TNA as the Beautiful People.
June 23, 2014
A picture of TNA Knockout Angelina Love wearing a black bikini at the beach.
June 22, 2014
A picture of Angelina Love wearing a pink bikini for an official TNA photo shoot.
June 21, 2014
A picture of Eve Torres with her husband at the beach. The former WWE diva still looks great in a bikini.
June 20, 2014
A picture of former TNA star Chris Sabin, who was previously in a relationship with Velvet Sky, and a woman who appears to be his new girlfriend.
June 18, 2014


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The Landing comprises three mini-musicals tied together by the themes of desire, love and loss.
Directed by Walter Bobbie (Venus in Fur, Chicago), the cast will also feature Paul Anthony Stewart and Frankie Seratch.
Pierce recently starred on Broadway in Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike. His stage credits also include La Bete, Accent on Youth, Curtains and Spamalot. Murney has performed in Falling, Lennon, The Wild Party and Wicked. Stewart's stage credits include The People in the Picture, Fiddler on the Roof and Cyrano.
Tickets and more information are available by visiting vineyardtheatre.org/the-landing.


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Cryptome Hacked; All Files Deleted
CmdrTaco posted about 4 years ago | from the hate-when-that-happens dept.170
eldavojohn writes "Over the weekend, the whistle blowing site Cryptome was hacked and vandalized, resulting in all 54,000 files being deleted and two days worth of submissions lost. Cryptome reported that its EarthLink e-mail account was compromised in ways unknown, and once the attacker was inside there, they were able to request a new password from the administration console for Cryptome at their hosting provider, Network Solutions. Once the attacker had that password, they deleted the ~7 GB of data that Cryptome hosted in around 54,000 files. Cryptome was able to eventually restore the site, as they keep backups ready for cases like this and stated that they 'do not trust our ISP, email provider and officials to tell the truth or protect us.'"


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28" Safetyglass Arrows$237.9928" Safetyglass Arrows box of 72. Learn More
28" Wood Arrows$239.99Just the right arrow for the junior archer. Steel point with 2 1/4" feathers. 5/16" Select unspined Port Orford cedar. Not for bows over 30#. Specify length;28". 6 Dozen Display Pk. Learn More
3-Led Headlamp$7.99The pivot head allows you to aim a super-bright beam of light where you're working or walking. Press-button, three-mode feature gives you convenient high, low, and emergency-flash options. In uniform-green, with adjustable headband. Uses one AAA battery (not included). 3¾" long x 3¾" wide x 7½" high. Learn More
30" safetyglass arrows$237.9930" safetyglass arrows Learn More


text:
(Source: minajuana, via harajukubarbiebitch)
the best 10 seconds in radio history
(via pinknun)
(Source: bgcslave, via river-of-no-return)
just watch it
(Source: smokingjointswithmileycyrus, via minaj1d)
This should be on every billboard across the world until people truly understand it's meaning and everyone accepts everyone else as equals
this should be everywhere not just on billboard everyone just have to know
sorry if this doesn't suit my blogstyle or whatever but i needed to reblog this
(Source: thechroniccynic, via nvmbmind)
When a bullet hits a wall
That is astounding. I legitimately watched it about fifteen times before reblogging it.
this is so fucking satisfying to watch oh my god
Does anyone else hear it crash into the wall?
No and neither did you because it's a silent gif
depressed black and white blog
(via diaries-0f-me)
(Source: taylormarie-invb, via whoadie)
Me getting ready
(Source: uchie-louis-fendi-prada, via barbie-maraj)
The Mascara Face
this is truly groundbreaking television
(Source: idjits-consulting-in-the-tardis, via whoadie)
(Source: fameisfake, via pillsnpotions)
damn fuck me.
No me
I'm sorry y'all, but he's taken by me.
(Source: givenintile, via cctus)
(via minajempire)
(Source: nomoretimetoweep, via queen-nickiminaj)
(Source: minajdesignz, via nickimlnaj)


text:
One day people. One day you will see my name…in places!
Adina Ha ha ha ha, at your service!
I am...
♥ a Cornell-Hotelie.
♥ Proudly taken by Andy Ha.
♥ a BIG time foodie
♥ a bit cat crazy
♥ sometimes called adinadonut or adinasaur!
You should talk to me. I like talking. and people. especially the nonsensical/whimsical/silly kind.
♥ (づ ̄ ³ ̄)づ ♥
So if you noticed, my cursor is a mustache. Feel free to put it over my profile picture and laugh at my mustache face!