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What Marriage Is . . . and What It Isn'tROBERT GEORGE
Marriage is the kind of good that can be chosen and meaningfully participated in only by people who have at least an elementary understanding of it and who choose it with that understanding in mind.
Did it? What is marriage anyway? Robert P. George, one of America's most acclaimed and influential thinkers, addresses these questions in this excerpt from his brand-new book, Conscience and Its Enemies: Confronting the Dogmas of Liberal Secularism. The New York Times Book Review recently declared that Conscience and Its Enemies puts George's "highly burnished philosophical and constitutional learning on full display," adding that George "speaks for a sizable number of conscientious objectors to America's ruling liberal secularism." The Intercollegiate Review is proud to feature his timely reflections here.
To be in such a relationship — a bodily as well as emotional union whose distinctive features and norms are shaped by its orientation to, and aptness for, procreation and the rearing of children — is intrinsically, not merely instrumentally, valuable. So marriage, though it bears an inherent (rather than incidental) link to procreation, is not properly understood as having its value merely as a means to the good of conceiving and rearing children. That is why, historically and rightly, infertility is not regarded as an impediment to marriage. True bodily union in acts fulfilling the behavioral conditions of procreation is possible even where the nonbehavioral conditions of procreation happen not to obtain. Such union can provide the foundation and matrix of the multilevel sharing of life that marriage is.
These insights into the nature of marriage as a human good require no particular theology. They are, to be sure, consistent with Judeo-Christian faith, yet ancient thinkers untouched by Jewish or Christian revelation — including Aristotle, Plato, Socrates, Musonius Rufus, Xenophanes, and Plutarch — also distinguished conjugal unions from all others, as do many nonbiblical faiths to this day. Nor did animus against particular persons or categories of persons produce this conclusion, which arose in various cultures long before the modern concept of "sexual orientation."
Nevertheless, today many are demanding the redefinition of marriage as something other than a conjugal partnership. Indeed, several jurisdictions in the West, including a number of European nations and several American states, have redefined marriage to eliminate the norm of sexual complementarity. In truth, what they have done is abolish marriage as a legal category and replace it with something quite different — legally recognized sexual-romantic companionship or domestic partnership — to which the label marriage has been reassigned. So, strictly speaking, we are talking not so much about a redefinition as an abolition of marriage.
These considerations buttress my point that what is at stake in contemporary debates about the definition and meaning of marriage is not whether to "expand" marriage to enlarge the pool of people "eligible" to participate in it. What is at stake is whether to retain and support marriage in our law and culture or to jettison it in favor of a different way of organizing human relationships.
Marriage law shapes our actions by promoting a vision of what marriage is and, therefore, what its norms and requirements are. In almost all Western jurisdictions, marriage has been deeply wounded by a culture of divorce, the widespread practice of nonmarital sexual cohabitation, the normalization of nonmarital childbearing, and other practices. None of these had to do with same-sex partnerships or homosexual conduct, nor were or are people who are attracted to persons of the same sex responsible for them. It was the impact of these practices on the public understanding of marriage that weakened people's grasp of marriage as a conjugal union and made the otherwise inconceivable idea of same-sex "marriages" conceivable. Still, abolishing marriage as a legal category and reassigning the label marriage to sexual-romantic domestic partnerships would complete the rout, making it all but impossible to carry out the reforms needed to restore the conjugal understanding of marriage and with it a vibrant and healthy marriage culture. The more we equate marriage with what amounts to a form of sexual-romantic companionship or domestic partnership, the more difficult it will be for people to live by the stabilizing norms specific to true marriage. This is the lesson of the past forty-five years. Unless we restore a sound understanding of marriage and rebuild the marriage culture, the erosion of marriage ideals will continue to harm everyone — children, spouses, societies as a whole — but especially the poorest and most vulnerable. By rewriting the parenting ideal, abolishing conjugal marriage as the legal norm would undermine in our mores and practice the special value of biological mothers and fathers. Moreover, by marking support for the conjugal view as "bigotry," it would, as we are already seeing in Europe, the United States, and elsewhere, damage religious liberty and freedom of speech and association.
It is important to bear in mind that under any marriage policy some bonds, some types of intimate relationship, will remain unrecognized, and thus some people will remain legally unmarried (however much they would like their relationships to count as marriages under law). So we need to be able (and ought) to meet people's concrete needs apart from civil marriage. Moreover, if we reject equating marriage with companionship — and marriage licenses with generic approval — we will see that conjugal marriage laws deprive no one of companionship or its joys and mark no one as less worthy of fulfillment. True compassion means extending authentic community to everyone, especially the marginalized, while using marriage law for the social goal it serves best — the goal that justifies regulating such intimate bonds in the first place: to ensure that children know the committed love of the mother and father whose union brought them into being.
Just as compassion for same-sex-attracted people does not require redefining marriage, neither does preserving the conjugal view mean making them scapegoats for its erosion. It certainly isn't about legalizing (or criminalizing) anything. In all fifty of the United States, two men or women can have a wedding (if they happen to believe in same-sex marriage) and share a domestic life. Their employers and religious communities are legally free to recognize their unions. At issue here is whether governments will effectively coerce many other actors in the public square to do the same. And also at issue is whether government will expand. Robust support for marital norms serves children, spouses, and hence our whole economy, especially the poor. Family breakdown thrusts the state into roles for which it is ill-suited: parent and discipliner to the orphaned and neglected, and arbiter of disputes over custody and paternity.
Advocates of redefining "marriage" as sexual-romantic companionship or domestic partnership to accommodate same-sex relationships are increasingly confirming the point that this shift erodes the basis for permanence and exclusivity in any relationship.
University of Calgary philosophy professor Elizabeth Brake, for example, supports what she calls "minimal marriage," in which "individuals can have legal marital relationships with more than one person, reciprocally or asymmetrically, themselves determining the sex and number of parties, the type of relationship involved, and which rights and responsibilities to exchange with each."
Judith Stacey, a prominent New York University professor who is in no way regarded as a fringe figure, testified before Congress against the Defense of Marriage Act. During her testimony, she expressed hope that the redefinition of marriage would give marriage "varied, creative, and adaptive contours...[leading some to] question the dyadic limitations of Western marriage and seek...small group marriages."
In their statement "Beyond Same-Sex Marriage," more than three hundred "LGBT and allied" scholars and advocates called for legally recognizing sexual relationships involving more than two partners. Such relationships are by no means unheard of: Newsweek reported in 2009 that there were more than five hundred thousand in the United States alone. In Brazil, a public notary has recognized a trio of people as a civil union. Mexico City has considered expressly temporary marriage licenses. The Toronto District School Board has taken to promoting polyamorous relationships among its students.
What about the connection to family life? Writer E. J. Graff celebrates the fact that recognizing same-sex unions would change the "institution's message" so that it would "ever after stand for sexual choice, for cutting the link between sex and diapers." Enacting same-sex marriage "does more than just fit; it announces that marriage has changed shape."
What about sexual exclusivity? Andrew Sullivan, a self-styled proponent of the conservative case for same-sex marriage, has now gone so far as to extol the "spirituality" of "anonymous sex." He welcomes the fact that the "openness" of same-sex unions might erode sexual exclusivity among those in opposite-sex marriages.
Similarly, in a New York Times Magazine profile, same-sex-marriage activist Dan Savage encourages spouses to adopt "a more flexible attitude" about sex outside their marriage. A piece in The Advocate, a gay-interest newsmagazine, supports my point still more candidly: "Antiequality right-wingers have long insisted that allowing gays to marry will destroy the sanctity of 'traditional marriage,' and, of course, the logical, liberal party-line response has long been 'No, it won't.' But what if — for once — the sanctimonious crazies are right? Could the gay male tradition of open relationships actually alter marriage as we know it? And would that be such a bad thing?"
Other advocates of redefining marriage have explicitly proclaimed the goal of weakening the institution. Former president George W. Bush "is correct," writes journalist Victoria Brownworth, "when he states that allowing same-sex couples to marry will weaken the institution of marriage....It most certainly will do so, and that will make marriage a far better concept than it previously has been." Michelangelo Signorile, another prominent advocate of redefining marriage, urges people in same-sex relationships to "demand the right to marry not as a way of adhering to society's moral codes but rather to debunk a myth and radically alter an archaic institution." He says they should "fight for same-sex marriage and its benefits and then, once granted, redefine the institution of marriage completely, because the most subversive action lesbians and gay men can undertake...is to transform the notion of 'family' entirely."
Those wishing to overturn the traditional understanding of marriage as a male-female partnership increasingly agree that redefining marriage would undermine its stabilizing norms.
A standard revisionist response to the defense of conjugal marriage like the one I am here proposing is the claim that, even if the traditional position is, from the moral viewpoint, true, it is nevertheless unfair for the law to embody it. For example, my friend and colleague Professor Stephen Macedo argues that if disagreements about the nature of marriage "lie in...difficult philosophical quarrels, about which reasonable people have long disagreed, then our differences lie in precisely the territory that John Rawls rightly marks off as inappropriate to the fashioning of our basic rights and liberties." So Macedo and others claim that law and policy must be neutral with regard to competing understandings of marriage and sexual morality.
This claim is deeply unsound. The true meaning, value, and significance of marriage are fairly easily grasped (even if people sometimes have difficulty living up to its moral demands) in a culture — including, critically, a legal culture — that promotes and supports a sound understanding of marriage. Furthermore, ideologies and practices that are hostile to a sound understanding and practice of marriage in a culture tend to undermine the institution of marriage in that culture. Hence it is extremely important that governments eschew attempts to be neutral with regard to marriage and embody in their laws and policy the soundest, most nearly correct, understanding.
The law is a teacher. Either it will teach that marriage is a reality in which people can choose to participate but whose contours people cannot make and remake at will, or it will teach that marriage is a mere convention that is malleable in such a way that individuals, couples, or, indeed, groups can choose to make of it whatever suits their desires, goals, and so on. The result, given the biases of human sexual psychology, will be the development of practices and ideologies that truly tend to undermine the sound understanding and practice of marriage, together with the development of pathologies that tend to reinforce the very practices and ideologies that cause them.
The Oxford philosopher Joseph Raz, a liberal who does not share my views regarding sexual morality, is rightly critical of forms of liberalism, including Rawlsianism, that suppose law and government can and should be neutral among competing conceptions of moral goodness. He has noted, for example, that "monogamy, assuming that it is the only valuable form of marriage, cannot be practiced by an individual. It requires a culture which recognizes it, and which supports it through the public's attitude and through its formal institutions." Of course, Raz does not suppose that, in a culture whose law and public policy do not support monogamy, a man who happens to believe in it somehow will be unable to restrict himself to having one wife or will be required to take additional wives. His point, rather, is that, even if monogamy is a key element in a sound understanding of marriage, large numbers of people will fail to understand that or why that is the case — and therefore will fail to grasp the value of monogamy and the point of practicing it — unless they are assisted by a culture that supports, formally by law and policy, as well as by informal means, monogamous marriage. What is true of monogamy is equally true of the other elements of a sound understanding of marriage.
In short, marriage is the kind of good that can be chosen and meaningfully participated in only by people who have at least an elementary understanding of it and who choose it with that understanding in mind. Yet people's ability to understand it, at least implicitly, and thus to choose it, depends crucially on institutions and cultural understandings that both transcend individual choice and are constituted by a vast number of individual choices.
Robert P. George. "What Marriage Is . . . and What It Isn't." from Conscience and Its Enemies: Confronting the Dogmas of Liberal Secularism (Wilmington, DE: ISI Books, 2013), ix-xii.
Reprinted with permission of ISI Books, the publishing imprint of the Intercollegiate Studies Institute.
Copyright © 2013 Robert P. George. All Rights Reserved.
Not all articles published on CERC are the objects of official Church teaching, but these are supplied to provide supplementary information.


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SF Tidbits for 11/30/09
By Charles Tan | Monday, November 30th, 2009 at 12:05 am
- NPR interviews Jeff & Ann VanderMeer (podcast).
- Confessions of an Aca/Fan interviews Interfiction 2 Contributors.
- Innsmouth Free Press interviews Daniel Heath Justice.
- Odyssey Workshop on Finding Reputable Literary Agents.
- Rachel Aaron on Middling.
- Justine Larbalestier on Blogging & Teaching.
- Richard Dansky on The Ritual of Fine-Tuning My Writing.
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Order of Gilbertines
- Order of Gilbertines
- Order of GilbertinesOrder of Gilbertines† Catholic_Encyclopedia ► Order of GilbertinesFounded by St. Gilbert, about the year 1130, at Sempringham, Gilbert's native place, where he was then parish priest. His wish originally had been to found a monastery, but finding this impossible, he gave a rule of life to the seven young women whom as children he had taught at Sempringham, and built for them a convent and cloister to the north of his parish church. He received the support of his bishop, Alexander of Lincoln, and in a year's time the seven virgins of Sempringham made their profession. Gilbert seems to have been determined to copy the Cistercians as much as possible. At the suggestion of William, Abbot of Rievaulx, he instituted lay sisters to attend to the daily wants of the nuns, and soon added a company of lay brothers to do the rougher work in the farms and fields. These he recruited from among the poorest serfs of his parish and estates. For eight years the little community at Sempringham continued to flourish, and it was not till about 1139 that the infant order was increased by another foundation. Alexander of Lincoln gave to the nuns of Sempringham the island of Haverholm, near Sleaford, in Lincolnshire, the site of one of his castles destroyed in the contest between King Stephen and his barons. Alexander's deed of gift makes it clear that the nuns had by this time adopted the Cistercian rule "as far as the weakness of their sex allowed". The fame of Sempringham soon spread far and wide through that part of England, and the convent sent out several colonies to people new foundations. In 1148 Gilbert travelled to Citeaux in burgundy to ask the Cistercian abbots there assembled in chapter to take charge of his order. This they refused to do, declining to undertake the government of women, and so Gilbert returned to England, determined to add to each of his convents a community of canons regular, who were to act as chaplains and spiritual directors to the nuns. To these he gave the Rule of St. Augustine. Each Gilbertine house now practically consisted of four communities, one of nuns, one of canons, one of lay sisters, and one of lay brothers. The popularity of the order was considerable, and for two years after Gilbert's return from France he was continually founding new houses on lands granted him by the nobles and prelates. These houses, with the exception of Watton and Malton, which were in Yorkshire, were situated in Lincolnshire, in the low-lying country of the fens. Thirteen houses were founded in St. Gilbert's life, four of which were for men only.The habit of the Gilbertine canons consisted of a black tunic reaching to the ankles, covered with a white cloak and hood, which were lined with lamb's wool. The nuns were in white, and during the winter months were allowed to wear in choir a tippet of sheepskin and a black cap lined with white wool. The scapular was worn both by the canons and the nuns. The whole order was ruled by the "master", or prior general, who was not Prior of Sempringham, but was called "Prior of All". His authority was absolute, and the year formed for him a continual round of visitations to the various houses. He appointed to the chief offices, received the profession of novices, affixed his seal to all charters, etc.. and gave or withheld his consent regarding sales, transfers, and the like. He was to be chosen by the general chapter, which could depose him if necessary. This general chapter assembled once a year, at Sempringham, on the rogation days, and was attended by the prior, cellarer, and prioress of each house.St. Gilbert, soon finding the work of visitations too arduous, ordained that certain canons and nuns should assist him. These also appeared at the general chapter. A "priest of confession" was chosen to visit each house and to act as confessor extraordinary. A Gilbertine monastery had only one church: this was divided unevenly by a wall, the main part of the building being for the nuns, the lesser part, to the south, for the canons. These had access to the nuns' part only for the celebration of Mass. The nunnery lay to the north, the dwellings of the canons were usually to the south. At Sempingham itself, and at Watton, we find them at some distance to the north-east. The number of canons to be attached to each nunnery was fixed by St. Gilbert at seven. The chief difficulty Gilbert experienced was the government of the lay brothers. They were mostly rough and untamed spirits who needed the control and guidance of a firm man, and it would have been surprising had there been no cases of insubordination and Scandal among them. Two instances especially claim our attention. The first is related by St. Ælred, Abbot of Rievaulx, and gives us an unpleasant story of a girl at Watton Priory who had been sent there to be brought up by the nuns; the second was an open revolt, for a time successful, of some of the lay brothers at Sempringham.From their foundation till the dissolution of the monasteries the Crown showed great favour to the Gilbertines. They were the only purely English order and owed allegiance to no foreign superiors as did the Cluniacs and Cistercians. All the Gilbertine houses were situated in England, except two which were in Westmeath, Ireland. Notwithstanding the liberal charters granted by Henry II and his successors, the order had fallen into great poverty by the end of the fifteenth century. Henry VI exempted all its houses from payments of every kind — an exemption which could not and did not bind his successors. Heavy sums had occasionally to be paid to the Roman Curia, and expenses were incurred in suits against the real or pretended encroachments of the bishops. By the time of the Dissolution there were twenty-six houses. They fared no better than the other monasteries, and no resistance whatever was made by the last Master of Sempringham, Robert Holgate, Bishop of Llandaff, a great favourite at court, who was promoted in 1545 to the Archbishopric of York. The Gilbertines are described as surrendering "of their own free will", each of the nuns and canons receiving "a reasonable yearly pension". Only four of their houses were ranked among the greater monasteries as having an income above £200 a year, and as the order appears to have preserved to the end the plainness and simplicity in church plate and vestments enjoined by St. Gilbert, the Crown did not reap a rich harvest by its suppression.For bibliography see the article on Gilbert, Saint; also GASQUET, Henry VIII and the English Monasteries (London, 1899); P.L., CXCV; Hélyot, Histoire des ordres religieux, II (Paris, 1792); Floyd, An Extinct Religious Order and Its Founder in the Catholic World, LXII (New York, 1896).R. URBAN BUTLERTranscribed by Gayle Noraker
The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company. Nihil Obstat. 1910.
Catholic encyclopedia.
Look at other dictionaries:
Gilbertines, Order of — • Founded by St. Gilbert, about the year 1130, at Sempringham, Gilbert s native place, where he was then parish priest Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 … Catholic encyclopedia
Order and Abbey of Fontevrault — Order and Abbey of Fontevrault † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Order and Abbey of Fontevrault I. CHARACTER OF THE ORDER The monastery of Fontevrault was founded by Blessed Robert d Arbrissel about the end of 1100 and … Catholic encyclopedia
Gilbertine Order — The Gilbertine Order of Canons Regular was founded around 1130 by Saint Gilbert in Sempringham, Lincolnshire, where Gilbert was the parish priest. It was the only completely English religious order and came to an end in the 16th century at the… … Wikipedia
St. Gilbert of Sempringham — St. Gilbert of Sempringham † Catholic Encyclopedia ► St. Gilbert of Sempringham Founder of the Order of Gilbertines, b. at Sempringham, on the border of the Lincolnshire fens, between Bourn and Heckington. The exact… … Catholic encyclopedia
Gilbert of Sempringham, Saint — ▪ Roman Catholic priest Gilbert also spelled Guilbert born c. 1083, , Sempringham, Lincolnshire, Eng. died Feb. 4, 1189, Sempringham; canonized 1202; feast day February 4, feast day in Northampton and Nottingham February 16 English… … Universalium
List of abbeys and priories in England — Contents 1 Overview 1.1 Article layout 2 Abbreviations and key … Wikipedia
Nun of Watton — The Nun of Watton (born in the 1140s) was the alleged central protagonist of a drama at a Gilbertine abbey in Yorkshire, recorded by St. Ailred of Rievaulx in De Sanctimoniali de Wattun. In this story of twelfth century life, the nun in question… … Wikipedia
Gilbert of Sempringham — Infobox Saint name=Saint Gilbert of Sempringham birth date=c. 1083 death date=February 4, 1190 feast day=February 16 venerated in=Roman Catholic Church imagesize=250px caption= birth place=Sempringham, Lincolnshire, England death… … Wikipedia
Gwenllian of Wales — Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn (June 12 1282 ndash; June 7 1337) was the only child of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, the last native Tywysog Cymru (Prince of Wales). She is sometimes confused with Gwenllian ferch Gruffudd, who lived two centuries earlier.… … Wikipedia
Orden gilbertina — Sello del Maestro de la Orden, abad de Sempringham y prior general de la orden Tipo Orden religiosa doble: femenino (orden monástica) asistido por una orden masculina (orden de canónigos regulares) … Wikipedia Español


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I hope they don't release anything that is a must have (zelda, fire emblem) because I don't want to have to buy it. Though I would if there was a must have title for it.
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Absolutely love it! But I am not surprised that people on the Internet are complaining about it, that's what happens. Can't Wait
When does it come to NA
Cannot wait for this. My favorite 3DS game ever was Fire Emblem Awakening, and I have been waiting for another strategy game that was worth it, this sounds like it could be the one!
Absolutely beautiful! Love the Ocarina of Time reference, and all the love for Nintendo. Sometimes it is hard to put into words what some games mean, this video does it perfectly. Thanks
Wow! This is great! Definite buy!
Should be fun, and I know I'lllike it if Atlus thinks it is good
Wow! Hope I can find one at Target here in Georgia
Link to the Past was my favorite till Ocarina was redone on the 3DS. Though, I voted for the N64 version because here would never have been a 3DS version without it. Plus, I love the first time I fought Gohma in OoT. Great Intro!
This s a great interview. I haven't bought a harvest moon game since the first gb one. But after this I want to give this one a go. Great job on the article!
It is free! This article and a bunch of posts take it way too far! Let Nintendo merchandise their products. I know my children are super excited about it, and unlike some of you, we actually have a WiiU. We are the market Nintendo is going for, super excited. And I would pay for this, I think it is a great deal, BRING ON the Minivan!
I really like this game so far, I am only 2 hours in to it. The writing is what sets it apart, from other jrpgs. Enjoyable, definitely worth $10!
Not a good week for consoles, and the fact that WiiU beat the PS4 is nice but also shows how poorly those home consoles do in Japan. Let's hope they pick up, in the long run all console sales are good because it means people are playing games so they will make more for us to play. Let's hope for better numbers from all next week
That pic of the girl at the end just removed this game from "family friendly" guess my kids won't be playing it with me! Thankfully, it isn't the new Zelda game, or my kids would riot to play. Ah, the joys of fatherhood.
Never played a Dynasty Warriors game, but I will buy this on day one because of Zelda, barring a horrible review from this site. I really want Zelda WiiU! I do hope they have a cool multiplayer part in it. I actually thought about buying a cheap Dynasty Warriors game just to get a feel for it.
Definitely want this for the WiiU! I'll wait till it comes out though. I don't want a PC code.
Love that!
This looks great, but like most Kickstarters I will just wait for it to hit the e-shop before I buy. It seems like a lot never hit their funding goals
This was great! Very funny, even my wife loved it
Love this game. Kinda hoping for a multiplayer update, but the single player is good all by itself!
Only since November! See you at the next console launch.


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|It's not just asset, one has to consider how many fans and shirt sales are going to be attracted by certain players. No one buys a shirt with Ferguson on the back.
You are a factory of sadness.
Evolve alpha giveaway Get involved in the playable test for Turtle Rock's new shooter.
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|It's not just asset, one has to consider how many fans and shirt sales are going to be attracted by certain players. No one buys a shirt with Ferguson on the back.
You are a factory of sadness.
|No but lots of these players go to these clubs because of who the manager is. Dunno what the big fuss is myself. As mentioned, I'd Ferguson is paid less (and who really knows, same with all these salary stories), then he's clearly underpaid.
|It's very hard to quantify value to the club as they're not directly comparable, but it seems to me that the value in monetary terms that the likes of Fergie and Mourinho bring is very much comparable with Ronaldo and Rooney, if not more so, as there's a whole ipso facto thing with these players wanting to play for these managers in the first place.
|Ooh, I agreed with Shik. Now I agree with kalel. Keep debating - this is good.
kentmonkey wrote:Clearly I mean nothing to you! /huff
You are a factory of sadness.
|Its also one of the reasons why everton, despite being one of the 'poorer' premiership teams have made moyes one of the best paid managers in the league. Hes arguably their most valuable asset.
My man gives real loving that's why I call him Killer
He's not a wham-bam-thank-you-ma'am, he's a thriller
Mr_Sleep wrote:I thought it went without saying that I agreed with you, as your point was so well made.
(how did I do?)
kentmonkey wrote:I am appeased.
You are a factory of sadness.
kalel wrote:I agree that the manager is part of the package, but we are talking about the worlds leading clubs - it is unlikely they won't have a high profile manager. I think a succesfull Man Utd could still sign a Robin Van Persie if Ferguson wasn't there and another high profile manager was.
Especially when you consider that often the manager will be at the club for less time than the player. Even if you pay a manager off when they walk, it's a couple of million at most.
Now, if Ferguson/Mourinho/Souness were at Southampton then obviously their presence would be a much bigger factor. Having said that though, they still wouldn't be 'transferred' for the same amount as your 20, 30 million pound player.
If I knew that the club would bank X millions (on top of all of the money they earn through my very presence in terms of success/sponsorship) I'd want money to reflect that.
I think Chelsea are probably a pretty good example of the relative worth of a manager at a "top" club compared to the on the pitch stars.
|To repeat a stat, Abromovic has spent more on managers than Everton have spent on players (net) since the start of the premier league.
My man gives real loving that's why I call him Killer
He's not a wham-bam-thank-you-ma'am, he's a thriller
Liverpool are the best team in the world. Rodgers isn't high profile.
Hmmmmm, surely Chelsea is a good example of my point? In retrospect Mourinho was actually far more important to their success (particularly their financial success) than any of their big money players, particularly when you consider the likes of Torres and Shevchenko. In terms of worth, Chelsea demonstrate manager>players no?
I suppose the comparatively lower paid Di Matteo and his CL trophy potentially scuppers that theory, but that's obviously an anomaly.
nickthegun wrote:yeah but i reckon i've spent more on pies than Everton have spent on players in the last 20 years.
In terms of numbers, nickthegun's forum post count is higher than Everton's average attendance figures.
Boom. Thread ends.
|I think you'll find the stat is that Aston Villa and Everton, since the start of the league, have consumed more pies than any other top flight club.
You are a factory of sadness.
|Spurs have eaten more humble pies than any other team in the league.
|Spurs' allergy to Lasagne is more severe than any other team in the Premier League.
kalel wrote:In football terms you're absolutely correct, but they couldn't have 'sold' Mourinho for 35 million no matter how many trophies he won. In a purely business sense his individual worth to the club was less than a player they could sell for 25 million like Robben.
So you say that surely the money recouped from winning those trophies more than made up for the lack of a 'transfer fee' and you'd have a great point. However then you have to look at increasingly intangible things like backroom staff, individual payers etc etc Chelsea (and a raft of other top clubs) have gone on to be successful when a top manager leaves and is replaced.
Note them being able to shift the likes of Zhirkov and Bridge for 12 million each.
Edited by Shikasama at 13:09:47 20-03-2013
|But the fee you can sell for is negated by the fee you pay in the first place in many cases. Sometimes in fact you make a huge loss on a player (again, Chelsea are a great example).
|Aye that is something I hadn't considered actually. It probably means Mr_Sleep's point about sponsorship and whatnot is more pertinent than the transfer fees.
Possibly, although as per your point about how some clubs have enough prestige to attract big players whatever manager they have, you could argue something similar about clubs getting sponsorship.
To be honest I think we might be arguing around not much as the fees these managers get does actually seem to be line with most players. It's more that some players get paid far too much (Rooney) and some appear to be getting paid too little (Fergie).
Yeah I'm finding it tough to get my feelings about it to make any sort of coherent sense.
On one hand I believe that manager should be the highest salaried individual at the club because they have (ostensibly) the most influence and should be the biggest factor between success and failure.
On the other, that clearly isn't true at most clubs and players just feel more 'valuable' to me in the current climate, hence their wages. I view them as business assets on a balance sheet because they seem to have such a clear 'worth' (i.e. they have a transfer value)
I can't even reconcile my own opinion consistently!
|We actually bored the premier league thread into silence
|Yeah, that was rubbish. Being the interlull (� Arseblog), there's not much else to talk about though.
Shikasama wrote:This would absolutely be true if football wasn't about the product and the product is largely the players. While success stems from the manager, the shirt sales, sponsorship and fame on the world stage of the club comes a great deal from the players. There are exceptions to this such as Mourinho, of course. As I say, shirt sales is massive, the amount that Beckham netted Man Utd is probably nowhere near what they paid him in wages.
Football is more like having the talent in a business being the most important thing rather than the CEO. Yet the CEO gets treated like any other business, in that he gets sacked when things go wrong and the players hide away.
You are a factory of sadness.
I remember reading somewhere that the whole shirt sales thing is a slight myth, or at least significantly overplayed, but I can't find any numbers to back it up.
And that goes double for what I'm about to say, as this is really just a gut feeling that I can't support with numbers, but I strongly suspect that Man U's massive revenue over the last twenty years has had more to do with the success Fergie has brought them than anything else. I really do find it very surprising how low is salary is comparatively. And yes, it may well be supplemented with bonuses but still, I'm sure everyone else gets those also.
Mr_Sleep wrote:I pretty much agree with everything you just said although the abve scenario is not too unusual. Having worked in sales for a few years I comfortably earned more than my bosses in commission and stuff. It's the same in banks and shit as well I think.
Not to detract from the actual point you were making though, I'm just bored.
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Watching Wendy Williams. How You Doin?
Had a long day out today. Went shopping at the Garden State Plaza Mall and bought stuff a unemployed individual shouldn't have. DAMN!!!
Mad my sister ate my Elmo cupcake. She said she wanted Big Bird. Heffa!!!
uploading videos and pics to my facebook from last nights Dave and Busters outing. To much video to search through
At my mom's house watching soap opera's and doing laundry and the highlight of my day so far was eating a double patty melt from Checkers.
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|Live Scores
|Video & Audio
The Preview by Devashish Fuloria
January 26, 2013
Match factsJanuary 27, 2013
Related Links
Matches: India v England at Dharamsala
Series/Tournaments: England tour of India
Big PictureThe cold and tranquil surroundings of the hill resort of Dharamsala are set to be abuzz with the clamour of international cricket. The curious choice of the newest entrant on the international cricketing map in peak winter has generated considerable interest, but snow is unlikely to make an appearance. The series having been decided in Mohali, it's not surprising that cricket talk has taken a backseat with players taking time out for sightseeing. However, the peaks around the picturesque valley stand tall as a constant reminder of heights the two teams haven't been able to scale with their cricket.
India have had a topsy-turvy time in the last three months, but the win has come as respite from the losses they endured in the Test series and the ODIs against Pakistan. While they have at least a semblance of answers to questions pertaining to the middle order, bowling, fielding and, to some extent, Rohit Sharma's role, others - Ajinkya Rahane and Gautam Gambhir, for example - remain unanswered. A win here at least would keep the detractors relatively quiet for now.
England, who played so well in the Tests, are a shadow of themselves. They have a young side, but it is the experienced among them who have failed to inspire. Players like Ian Bell and Eoin Morgan haven't done much of note. But they have had positives too - Steven Finn has enhanced his reputation while Joe Root has impressed with his composure. The team is headed to New Zealand from here and as they play the T20s and ODIs first up, they need more positives from this tour.
Form guideIndia WWWLW (Most recent first)
In the spotlightHe waited and waited for his chance in Tests, but when he got one, he made it count. An agonising wait for an ODI debut has continued though for Cheteshwar Pujara. Speculations that he would walk into the XI once he became part of the squad were quashed immediately by the India captain. With the series in the bag, will India give him a chance?
Alastair Cook has been as efficient as ever and has two half-centuries in the series. But three times he has been out lbw, two times to deliveries pitching outside leg. While he will continue to be the main man behind England laying the foundation for a big total, he will hope the umpires allow him a full run.
Team newsChris Woakes, who has replaced Tim Bresnan in England's squad to New Zealand, is likely to find a place in the XI, while Stuart Meaker could replace Jade Dernbach.
England (probable) 1 Alastair Cook (capt), 2 Ian Bell,3 Kevin Pietersen, 4 Joe Root, 5 Eoin Morgan, 6 Samit Patel, 7 Jos Buttler (wk), 8 Chris Woakes, 9 James Tredwell, 10 Steven Finn, 11 Stuart Meaker
India could bring in Cheteshwar Pujara in place of Gautam Gambhir, but he might not open. "You will see a new batting attack tomorrow," Suresh Raina suggested in the pre-match press conference.
India (probable) 1 Gautam Gambhir/Cheteshwar Pujara, 2 Rohit Sharma, 3 Virat Kohli, 4 Yuvraj Singh, 5 Suresh Raina, 6 MS Dhoni (capt & wk), 7 Ravindra Jadeja, 8 R Ashwin, 9 Bhuvneshwar Kumar, 10 Shami Ahmed, 11 Ishant Sharma
Pitch and conditionsIt is a 9.30am start in Dharamsala and the ball is expected to nip around in the cool conditions.
Stats and trivia
Quotes"Definitely, I would like to bat higher up the order If I am given a chance. I would like to give my 100% as it will also give me an opportunity to play more overs."
"While seeing snow on the surrounding mountains gives an impression that it is chilly, the weather is quite tolerable and fit for the game."
An English fan in Dharamsala
Devashish Fuloria is a sub-editor with ESPNcricinfoFeeds: Devashish Fuloria
© ESPN Sports Media Ltd.
|Comments have now been closed for this article
How India weeds out its suspect actions
The BCCI set up a three-man committee to tackle the problem of chucking at age-group and domestic cricket, and it has produced significant results in five years
A rock, a hard place and the WICB
The board's latest standoff with its players has had embarrassing consequences internationally, so any resolution now needs to be approached thoughtfully
Twin Asian challenges await Australia
What Australia have not done since returning a fractured unit from India is head back to Asia to play an Asian team. Two of their major weaknesses - handling spin and reverse swing - will be tested in the UAE by Pakistan
WICB must tread on eggshells with care
The WICB statement should cool down emotions and allow all parties involved to take the next step forward
Stats highlights from the fourth ODI between India and West Indies in Dharamsala
A rock, a hard place and the WICB (43)
The board's latest standoff with its players has had embarrassing consequences internationally, so any resolution now needs to be approached thoughtfully
The pitch belongs to the curator (31)
Players demanding that home pitches should be prepared to favour them don't realise it's a retaliatory business
Australia's 16: who's ready for the Test (28)
ESPNcricinfo runs the rule over the preparation of all 16 Australia players ahead of the first Test, which starts in Dubai on Wednesday
How India weeds out its suspect actions (28)
The BCCI set up a three-man committee to tackle the problem of chucking at age-group and domestic cricket, and it has produced significant results in five years
Twin Asian challenges await Australia (24)
What Australia have not done since returning a fractured unit from India is head back to Asia to play an Asian team. Two of their major weaknesses - handling spin and reverse swing - will be tested in the UAE by Pakistan


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hey everyone just wondering do people possibly have the January 2012 speaking and unit 2 papers? because theyre not on the edexcel website yet? also how is everyone revising for the speaking?
Edexcel french as unit 1 speaking
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Mine's next Thursday, and my class have been revising through past papers really, and having the whole french lessons in french, and through speaking it whenever we can.
I'm doing Unit 1, Youth Culture and Concerns, and we have a couple of pages of questions which could possibly come up, so we just take it in turns to do questions and answers.
We've also been revising "fancy" phrases to get a bit of variation in our language, "il vaudrait mieux...", "On ne peut pas nier que..." "Quoiqu'il en suit...", that sort of thing.
Just practice speaking and responding to spontaneous questions and you should be fine!
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After a long and grueling season, the NHL Stanley Cup was presented last night to the Los Angeles Kings. The Kings knocked off the Eastern Conference champion New York Rangers in five games, winning three of them in overtime. Last night they defeated the Rangers in Los Angeles in double overtime on a goal by Alec Martinez. Justin Williams won the Conn Smythe trophy as the playoff MVP. Williams finished the postseason with 25 points, 9 goals, and a +13 rating.
The Kings finished the regular season third in the Pacific Division and sixth in the Western Conference. They were down 0-3 to the San Jose Sharks in the first round of the playoffs before winning four straight and ousting the Sharks in game seven. In the second round, they went up against the top seeded Anaheim Ducks. After taking a 2-0 lead, the Ducks won three straight but the Kings won the next two, defeating the Ducks in seven games. In a rematch of last years Western Conference Final, the Kings squared off against the defending Stanley Cup Champions and the team that knocked them out of the playoffs last year. The Kings went up 3-1, but the Blackhawks won two straight to force another game seven for the Kings. Once again, Los Angeles picked up the "do or die" victory to move on to the Stanley Cup Final. It only took the Kings five games to win their second Stanley Cup in three years. The Kings went 3-0 in game seven and 7-0 in elimination games.
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Biofuels: Potential Effects and Challenges of Required Increases in Production and Use.
In December 2007, the Congress expanded the renewable fuel standard (RFS (Remote File System) A distributed file system for Unix computers introduced by AT&T in 1986 with Unix System V Release 3.0. It is similar to Sun's NFS, but only for Unix systems. ), which requires rising use of ethanol and other biofuels, from 9 billion gallons in 2008 to 36 billion gallons in 2022. To meet the RFS, the Departments of Agriculture (USDA USDA,
n.pr See United States Department of Agriculture. ) and Energy (DOE) are developing advanced biofuels that use cellulosic feedstocks, such as corn stover Corn stover consists of the leaves and stalks of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) plants left in a field after harvest. It makes up about half of the yield of a crop and is similar to straw, the residue left in field after harvest of any cereal grain. and switchgrass switchgrass
see panicumvirgatum. . The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA EPA eicosapentaenoic acid.
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n. ) administers the RFS. This report examines, among other things, (1) the effects of increased biofuels production on U.S. agriculture, environment, and greenhouse gas greenhouse gas
Any of the atmospheric gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect.
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To meet the RFS, domestic biofuels production must increase significantly, with uncertain effects for agriculture and the environment. For agriculture, many experts said that biofuels production has contributed to crop price increases as well as increases in prices of livestock and poultry feed and, to a lesser extent, food. They believe that this trend may continue as the RFS expands. For the environment, many experts believe that increased biofuels production could impair water quality--by increasing fertilizer runoff and soil erosion--and also reduce water availability, degrade TO DEGRADE, DEGRADING. To, sink or lower a person in the estimation of the public.
2. As a man's character is of great importance to him, and it is his interest to retain the good opinion of all mankind, when he is a witness, he cannot be compelled to disclose air and soil quality, and adversely affect wildlife habitat; however, the extent of these effects is uncertain and could be mitigated by such factors as improved crop yields, feedstock selection, use of conservation techniques, and improvements in biorefinery processing. Except for lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, EPA is currently not required by statute to assess environmental effects to determine what biofuels are eligible for inclusion in the RFS. Many researchers told GAO there is general agreement on the approach for measuring the direct effects of biofuels production on lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions but disagreement about how to estimate the indirect effects on global land use change, which EPA is required to assess in determining RFS compliance. In particular, researchers disagree about what nonagricultural lands will be converted to sustain world food production to replace land used to grow biofuels crops. The Volumetric volumetric /vol·u·met·ric/ (vol?u-met´rik) pertaining to or accompanied by measurement in volumes.
Of or relating to measurement by volume. Ethanol Excise Tax Excise Tax
1. An indirect tax charged on the sale of a particular good.
2. A penalty tax applied to ineligible transactions in retirement accounts. This penalty is assessed by and paid to the IRS.
1. Credit (VEETC VEETC Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit ), a 45-cent per gallon federal tax credit, was established to support the domestic ethanol industry. Unless crude oil prices rise significantly, the VEETC is not expected to stimulate ethanol consumption beyond the level the RFS specifies this year. The VEETC also may no longer be needed to stimulate conventional corn ethanol Corn ethanol is ethanol produced from corn as a biomass through industrial fermentation, chemical processing and distillation. It is primarily used in the United States as an alternative to gasoline and petroleum. production because the domestic industry has matured, its processing is well understood, and its capacity is already near the effective RFS limit of 15 billion gallons per year for conventional ethanol. A separate $1.01 tax credit is available for producing advanced cellulosic biofuels. The nation faces several key challenges in expanding biofuels production to achieve the RFS's 36-billion-gallon requirement in 2022. For example, farmers face risks in transitioning to cellulosic biofuels production and are uncertain whether growing switchgrass will eventually be profitable. USDA's new Biomass Crop Assistance Program may help mitigate these risks by providing payments to farmers through multi-year contracts. In addition, U.S. ethanol use is approaching the so-called blend wall--the amount of ethanol that most U.S. vehicles can use, given EPA's 10 percent limit on the ethanol content in gasoline. Research has been initiated on the long-term effects of using 15 percent or 20 percent ethanol blends, but expanding the use of 85 percent ethanol blends will require substantial new investment because ethanol is too corrosive for the petroleum distribution infrastructure and most vehicles. Alternatively, further R&D on biorefinery processing technologies might lead to price-competitive biofuels that are compatible with the existing petroleum distribution and storage infrastructure and the current fleet of U.S. vehicles.
Our recommendations from this work are listed below with a Contact for more information. Status will change from "In process" to "Open," "Closed - implemented," or "Closed - not implemented" based on our follow up work.
Director: Mark E. Gaffigan Team: Government Accountability Office The Government Accountability Office (GAO) is the audit, evaluation, and investigative arm of the United States Congress, and thus an agency in the Legislative Branch of the United States Government. : Natural Resources and Environment Phone: (202) 512-3168
Matters for Congressional Consideration
Recommendation: In addition to the currently required lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions analysis, the Congress may wish to consider amending the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA (Extended ISA) Pronounced "ee-suh." A PC bus standard that extends the 16-bit ISA bus (AT bus) to 32 bits and provides bus mastering. ISA cards can plug into an EISA slot. ) to require the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency is the head of the United States federal government's Environmental Protection Agency, and is thus responsible for enforcing the nation's Clean Air and Clean Water Acts, as well as numerous other environmental statutes. develop a strategy to assess the effects of increased biofuels production on environment at all stages of the lifecycle--cultivation, harvest, transport, conversion, storage, and use--and to use this assessment in determining which biofuels are eligible for consideration under the RFS. This would ensure that all relevant environmental effects are considered concurrently with lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions.
Status: In process
Comments: When we determine what steps the Congress has taken, we will provide updated information.
Recommendation: Because the RFS allows rapidly increasing annual amounts of conventional biofuels through 2015 and the conventional corn starch ethanol industry is mature, the Congress may wish to consider wherevisions to the VEETC are needed. Options could include maintaining the VEETC, reducing the amount of the tax credit or phasing it out, or modifying the tax credit to counteract fluctuations in crude oil prices.
Status: In process
Comments: When we determine what steps the Congress has taken, we will provide updated information.Recommendations for Executive Action
Recommendation: To improve EPA's ability to determine biofuels' greenhouse gas emissions and define fuels eligible for consideration under the RFS, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretaries of Agriculture and Energy should develop a coordinated approach for identifying and researching unknown variables and major uncertainties in the lifecycle greenhouse gas analysis of increased biofuels production. This approach should include a coordinated effort to develop parameters for using models and a standardset of assumptions and methods in assessing greenhouse gas emissions forthe full biofuel bi·o·fuel
Fuel such as methane produced from renewable resources, especially plant biomass and treated municipal and industrial wastes.
bi lifecycle, such as secondary effects that would include indirect land-use changes associated with increased biofuels production.
Agency Affected: Department of Agriculture
Status: In process
Comments: When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information.
Agency Affected: Department of Energy
Status: In process
Comments: When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information.
Agency Affected: Environmental Protection Agency
Status: In process
Comments: When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information.
Recommendation: To minimize future blend wall issues and associated ethanol distribution infrastructure costs, the Secretaries of Agriculture and Energy should give priority to research and development (R&D) on process technologies that produce biofuels that can be used by the existing petroleum-based distribution storage infrastructure and the current fleet of U.S. vehicles.
Agency Affected: Department of Agriculture
Status: In process
Comments: When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information.
Agency Affected: Department of Energy
Status: In process
Comments: When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information.
Recommendation: To address inconsistencies in existing statutory language, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency should, in consultation with the Secretaries of Agriculture and Energy, review and propose to the appropriate congressional committees any legislative changes the Administrator determines may be needed to clarify what biomass material - based on type of feedstock or type of land can be counted toward RFS.
Agency Affected: Environmental Protection Agency
Status: In process
Comments: When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information.
Categories: Energy, Agricultural industry, Air quality, Alternative energy sources, Alternative fuels, Eligibility determinations, Energy consumption, Environmental monitoring, Feed industry, Fuel consumption, Fuel prices, Fuel research, Fuels, Gasoline, Grain and grain products, Greenhouse gases, Land use, Petroleum products, Prices and pricing, Raw materials, Soil erosion, Tax credit, USDA Biomass Crop Assistance Program, Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit (VEETC), Water quality
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December 21st, 2012
December 21st, 2012 has arrived and contrary to the Mayan calendar, we're all still alive, breathing, living and tweeting. There is still Season Three of Pretty Little Liars to watch (returns Tuesday, January 8th at 8E/5P), the anticipated Taylor Swift and Harry Styles breakup song is still to be heard, and the royal wedding of Kim Kardashian and Kanye West. Here is a playlist to celebrate moving on from December 21!
Click here to see all the amazing specials, blogs, galleries, countdowns and more that are part of this year's Holiday Wrap.
It's The End of the World, REM
…and I feel fine.
Survivor, Destiny's Child
A way back play back is just what we need in this situation.
Year 3000, Jonas Brothers
See, the Jonas Brothers already checked the future for us and our great great great grand daughter is doing just fine!
Beauty and a Beat, Justin Bieber featuring Nicki Minaj
Your song to play when partying like it's 3012.
Live My Life, Far East Movement featuring Justin Bieber
Again, since Justin knows it's going to be alright no matter what, we party tonight!
We R Who We R, Ke$ha
Known for being the ultimate partier, Ke$ha understands that the world is ours and we are who we are!
Stronger, Kelly Clarkson
What doesn't kill you makes you stronger. Indeed it does, Kelly.
Titanium, David Guetta featuring Sia
The Mayans didn't consider Sia's beautiful vocals reassuring that we are all bullet proof.
Good Time, Owl City and Carly Rae Jepsen
The dynamic duo reminds us that doesn't matter when or where, it's always a good time.
Don't You Worry Child, Swedish House Mafia
Although the Swedish electronic dance music trio has broken up, they made sure heaven has got a plan for all of us! How sweet!
The Motto, Drake featuring Lil Wayne and Tyga
Hashtag YOLO.
Tags: holiday wrap
Posted on Friday, December 21st, 2012 at 1:59 pm by Catherine - Correspondent and is filed under Blog.


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Welcome to the contact and details page for Homebase in Hatfield. StoreLocate.co.uk is a store finder for the UK and provides shopping location information for UK stores. Please see below for the Homebase Hatfield opening and closing times, the Homebase Hatfield phone number and a local map to help you find exactly where the Homebase in Hatfield is located.
The Homebase in Hatfield is one of a chain of Homebase stores that can be found across the UK. We provide information on shops throughout the UK – quickly find the store details you are looking for with StoreLocate.
Address for Homebase HatfieldComet Way
Telephone: 08456 407057
Homebase in Hatfield Store Opening Times:
Use Google maps to find exactly where the Homebase in Hatfield store is located. Click the map and zoom in and out to help you plan directions to the Hatfield, Homebase store.
This is the Homebase in Hatfield store information page, but please see below for nearby stores in this area:
Tesco in Birchwood
Co Op Food in Brookmans Park
Habitat in Hatfield
Travis Perkins in North Mymms
|The information listed here is for guidance only. Please contact Homebase, Hatfield before visiting to confirm their details. If you know of any information that may be incorrect, then please click on the following link to let us know:
Choose a store:Aldi


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This is a tumblelog, kinda like a blog but with short-form, mixed-media posts with stuff I like. Scroll down a bit to start reading, or a bit more to read more about me.
Jeez! my best friend is being featured for this HCG weight loss supplement!!!!
She shed 33 pounds in one month! I am so jealous!!!
Ugh im getting some of this stuff before spring break gets here.
Meu cos de Lilith que chocou o mundo! -q
all you need to do is REBLOG THIS .(DO NOT LIKE)
and follow http://thekawaiiworld.tumblr.com/
winner will be choose on the end of april. and will be announce on the following day.
… i never fcken win whenever i reblog these :( i wonder is these tumblr contests even legit.
Reblogged 8D
…Oh… God… Lord…
Alguém me expica como eu fui parar aqui?
Ta ficando famoso =O hUIAHDIUASHDIAS qta fã -q


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A federal judge in New York on Monday threw out a settlement between the Securities and Exchange Commission and Citigroup over a 2007 mortgage derivatives deal, saying that the S.E.C.'s policy of settling cases by allowing a company to neither admit nor deny the agency's allegations did not satisfy the law.
The judge, Jed S. Rakoff of United States District Court in Manhattan, ruled that the S.E.C.'s $285 million settlement, announced last month, is "neither fair, nor reasonable, nor adequate, nor in the public interest" because it does not provide the court with evidence on which to judge the settlement.
The ruling could throw the S.E.C.'s enforcement efforts into chaos, because a majority of the fraud cases and other actions that the agency brings against Wall Street firms are settled out of court, most often with a condition that the defendant does not admit that it violated the law while also promising not to deny it.
That condition gives a company or individual an advantage in subsequent civil litigation for damages, because cases in which no facts are established cannot be used in evidence in other cases, like shareholder lawsuits seeking recovery of losses or damages.
The S.E.C.'s policy — "hallowed by history, but not by reason," Judge Rakoff wrote — creates substantial potential for abuse, the judge said, because "it asks the court to employ its power and assert its authority when it does not know the facts."
The S.E.C. did not respond immediately to a request for comment on the judge's decision, which was released Monday morning. A Citigroup spokesman said the company was studying the decision and had no immediate comment.
Visit msnbc.com for breaking news, world news, and news about the economy
The NYPD has discredited itself — Tough tactics and intolerance favor the rich and flout the rule of law
BY MICHAEL TRACEY | salon.com
As Occupy Wall Street grew, the New York Police Department's "crowd control" tactics became increasingly bizarre and aggressive: historic mass arrests, motor scooter attacks, destruction of books, ramming horses into demonstrators, putting New York Post reporters in choke holds – to name only a few. And following Tuesday's brazen raid of Zuccotti Park, carried out in the dead of night, the NYPD indicated that de-escalation is not on the horizon. Quite the opposite, in fact. Police officials at the highest ranks, under the direction of Mayor Mike Bloomberg and Police Commissioner Ray Kelly, have taken to simply making up the rules as they go along.
Ear Splitting Pain Compliance Device | digby
In case you were wondering about the effects of an LRAD, read this report from the ACLU from last month:
The American Civil Liberties Union of Pennsylvania filed a federal lawsuit today on behalf of Karen Piper, a bystander who suffered permanent hearing loss after Pittsburgh police deployed a Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD) against protestors during the 2009 G-20 Summit. An LRAD emits harmful, pain-inducing sounds over long distances. Developed for use by the military, LRAD technology had never before been used against US civilians.
"Police departments should not be using weapons built for the military on civilian protesters," said Witold Walczak, legal director of the ACLU of Pennsylvania "As this case shows, the LRAD cannot be controlled to prevent serious harm to innocent bystanders. Collateral harm to innocents may be justifiable in wartime, but not to quell protesters who overturned a couple of trash dumpsters."
On September 24, 2009, Piper, then a visiting professor at Carnegie Mellon University, decided to observe G-20 protests in Pittsburgh's Lawrenceville neighborhood as research for her book on globalization issues and the responses of bodies like the G-20 to protest activity. She arrived at Arsenal Park around 10 a.m. and saw protestors calmly and peacefully milling around the area. After the protest began, Piper walked on the sidewalk a short distance from the marching protesters, in the company of other curiosity seekers and journalists. When Piper became concerned about rapidly increasing police activity, she tried to leave the area. As she was walking away, police officers activated, suddenly and without warning, an LRAD a short distance away from her. It emitted a continuous piercing sound lasting several minutes.[…]
The LRAD, a distance hailing and crowd control device, was originally developed in response to the terrorist attack on the USS Cole in October 2000 and was intended to be used by American warships to warn incoming vessels approaching without permission. Among other things, it emits harmful, pain-inducing sounds over long distances.
According to Walczak, local ear doctors reported that they treated a fair number of people, including Pittsburgh police officers, for hearing and other ear problems in the wake of the LRAD deployment. The ACLU-PA will use the discovery process to learn more about the extent of the harms caused by the LRAD, to police and others. […]
Yet another pain compliance device in use against American citizens. The good news is that the intense pain it causes anyone in the vicinity is "harmless." Except when it causes permanent damage. […]
But still, as a spokesman for the company said:If you stand right next to it for several minutes, you could have hearing damage," he said. "But it's your choice."
See? You have a choice. You can just not protest. If you do, expect torture and possible permanent damage. That's what being free is all about.
Robert Reich: Occupiers Occupied: The Hijacking of the First Amendment
A funny thing happened to the First Amendment on its way to the public forum. According to the Supreme Court, money is now speech and corporations are now people. But when real people without money assemble to express their dissatisfaction with the political consequences of this, they're treated as public nuisances and evicted.
First things first. The Supreme Court's rulings that money is speech and corporations are people have now opened the floodgates to unlimited (and often secret) political contributions from millionaires and billionaires. Consider the Koch brothers (worth $25 billion each), who are bankrolling the Tea Party and already running millions of dollars worth of ads against Democrats.
Such millionaires and billionaires aren't contributing their money out of sheer love of country. They have a more self-interested motive. Their political spending is analogous to their other investments. Mostly they want low tax rates and friendly regulations.
Wall Street is punishing Democrats for enacting the Dodd-Frank financial reform legislation (weak as it is) by shifting its money to Republicans. The Koch brothers' petrochemical empire has financed, among many other things, candidates who will vote against environmental protection.
This tsunami of big money into politics is the real public nuisance. It's making it almost impossible for the voices of average Americans to be heard because most of us don't have the dough to break through. By granting First Amendment rights to money and corporations, the First Amendment rights of the rest of us are being trampled on.
This is where the Occupiers come in. If there's a core message to the Occupier movement it's that the increasing concentration of income and wealth poses a grave danger to our democracy.
Yet when Occupiers seek to make their voices heard — in one of the few ways average people can still be heard — they're told their First Amendment rights are limited.
The New York State Court of Appeals along with many mayors and other officials say Occupiers can picket — but they can't encamp. Yet it's the encampments themselves that have drawn media attention (along with the police efforts to remove them).
A bunch of people carrying pickets isn't news. When it comes to making views known, picketing is no competition for big money .
Yet if Occupiers now shift tactics from passive resistance to violence, it would spell the end of the movement. The vast American middle class that now empathizes with the Occupiers would promptly desert them.
But there's another alternative. If Occupiers are expelled from specific geographic locations the Occupier movement can shift to broad-based organizing around the simple idea at the core of the movement: It's time to occupy our democracy.
#OWS This May Not Be What A Police State Looks Like, But It's Certainly How One Begins
Police State Tactics On Display Nationwide
In the last couple of days, police at Occupy protests:
- Bludgeoned peaceful protesters at Berkeley … and then said that the protesters' locking of arms was "violent"
- Beat and reportedly broke the ribs of a peaceful protesting, 70-year old, Pulitzer prize winning literature professor at Berkeley (and see this).
- Hit in the head and arrested New York City Councilman Ydanis Rodriguez
- Punched a woman in the face for showing a court order to the police stating that the protesters can be in the park
The Guardian's Laura Pennie notes:
Law enforcement is there to protect a wealthy elite from the rest of the population
A teenage girl holds a hastily written sign saying: "NYPD, we trusted you – you were supposed to protect us!"
The sentiment is a familiar one. Across Europe, over a year of demonstrations, occupations and civil disobedience, anti-austerity protesters have largely shifted from declaring solidarity with the police – as fellow workers whose jobs and pensions are also under threat – to outrage and anger at state violence against unarmed protesters. Following last month's police brutality in Oakland, and today's summary eviction of the Occupy Wall Street camp, American activists too are reaching the conclusion that "police protect the 1%".
"Who do you guys work for?" Shouts one Manhattan protester, as police load arrestees into a van. "You work for JP Morgan Bank!"
And the Washington Post's James Downie writes:
As hard as the NYPD and New York City's government might try to obscure the truth though, one truth remains: At 1 a.m. this morning, in the heart of New York City, protesters exercising their constitutional rights to free speech and assembly were swept away by the state, while that state also did all it could to prevent media coverage. No matter what one may think of the occupiers or their cause, nothing they've done justifies blockading the press or ignoring court orders. Mayor Bloomberg, Police Commissioner Ray Kelly and other New York leaders who ordered the eviction should take a long, hard look at their handling of the occupation. This morning's action may not be what a police state looks like, but it's certainly how one begins.


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Disunion follows the Civil War as it unfolded.
Disunion follows the Civil War as it unfolded.
But in Virginia, Confederates were having a summer of unprecedented successes. Stonewall Jackson humiliated five different federal commanders in the Shenandoah Valley and at the Battle of Cedar Mountain. Robert E. Lee had stymied George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign aimed at Richmond, and in August joined Jackson to humiliate John Pope at Second Manassas.
Confederate leaders saw this as the moment to capitalize on these successes with a bold military incursion into Kentucky in August. The Union's breadbasket, the western border states lying astride the Ohio River, was about to become the next front. Read more…


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Contact details
McDaid's has a distinctive Victorian exterior and when you step inside you find an old style bar with a high ceiling and a smattering of chairs and tables. The dimly lit bar has all the atmosphere of a classic Irish pub.
Read more
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Tameka Foster: The Interviewby Mischalova at . Comments
Tameka Foster is hated on.
We're talking about someone that almost makes Simon Monjack seem appealing to most our readers.
It's hard to pinpoint the exact reason, but fans of Usher believe he's making a grave mistake by marrying this supposed home wrecker. With that in mind, Essence magazine sat down with Tameka recently.
Essence.com: Do you and Usher spend a lot of time together?
Tameka Foster: Usher and I are friends. We are road dogs. We hang out like friends. We shop, laugh, work out, get mad in the middle of the day about what we want to eat, debate about what's fattening in a smoothie and just do regular things.
Essence.com: How does Usher get along with your three sons?
Foster: Usher loves my children. My ex-husband and I have joint custody. It's a wonderful arrangement that allows me time to do things with Usher one-on-one and to spend time with the kids. I'm not looking for a father for my kids because they have one. They just happen to be lucky enough to have two strong men in their lives.
The Hollywood Gossip note: Critics treat Tameka worse than other famous fiancees, such as Alexis Phifer, because they believe she is looking for a new, rich father for her kids.
Essence.com: You've been labeled a "poor mom" because, supposedly, you're never with the kids. Your reaction?
Foster: Do you think Usher would really be engaged to a woman who would leave her kids? My children are with us much more than people think. They've gone to the Bahamas with us and attended play-off games. I purposely keep my children out of view. I don't want them scrutinized and talked about because that would be a problem. Everyone wants to know, "Where are her kids?" Out of these pictures, that's where.
The Hollywood Gossip note: It's a course of action Britney Spears tried to use with Jayden James, too.
Essence.com: Shifting gears a bit, is it true that Usher's mom fired you as his stylist and you in turn convinced Usher to fire her as his manager?
Foster: I never worked for Usher's mom; I worked for Usher. Now, I don't know if she persuaded him to feel certain ways about me, but she never fired me.
Essence.com: So does that mean you and future mother-in-law have beef?
Foster: No, we do not. Any mother with a son as successful as Usher is going to have raised eyebrows about any woman who comes around. I'd be the same way about any one of my sons. His mother and I have a great rapport. There are no hard feelings and I had nothing to do with his decision to no longer have his mother manage him.
So there you have it, people. Are you still against Tameka? Might she get a bad rap? Or, like Blake Fielder-Civil, is it just normal for those marrying celebrities to face a bit of scrutiny?
Well let him be the fool and props out to her.
i think it is really sad when a man puts his mother (the same mother that drove his ragady ass to local talent shows.ect) aside for some women. especially one that old who clearly hasnt been very lucky in her career. he is so stupid. and he has truely lost my vote. i know she s disapointed. i bet she thought she raised a better man than that.
She is trifling and a gold digger. I think Usher should have worked things out with Chili...they made a better couple. At least she (Chili) had her own life. I pray it works out for them regardless


text: Criminal – Restitution – Counsel fees By: Tom Egan May 19, 2014 Where a defendant tax preparer who pleaded guilty to tax fraud was ordered to pay a former client $141,129.36 in restitution, the restitution amount should be increased by $5,662.50 in counsel fees. "Generally, a prevailing litigant is responsible for its own reasonable attorneys' fee, … but the [Mandatory Victims Restitution Act of 1996 (MVRA)] provides restitution ... Subscribe Login Email Address: Password: Already a paid subscriber but not registered for online access yet? For instructions on how to get premium web access, click here.Forgot your password? Share this:EmailPrintFacebookLinkedInTwitterGoogle +1 Restitution 7:49 am Mon, May 19, 2014 Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly Tom Egan


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The YH Studio welcomes Jacob Artist to hear about his stint as Jake on 'Glee', and see what he brought to recycle to our eco-friendly campaign for HM. Also, find out which Grammy-winning artist he'd love to cover on the hit Fox show and see how he does in our 'Glee Club Or Not' game.
Download the TV Guide app for iPhone, iPad and Android!


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Thomas Menino mum on Edward Markey endorsement - 14 Comments
Boston Mayor Thomas M. Menino is staying out of the highly anticipated U.S. Senate special election — at least for now — refusing to divulge whether he'll ask influential unions to help the Democratic candidate and declining to discuss U.S. Rep. Edward J. Markey's chances.
Menino's tight-lipped response comes a day after Michael Monahan, business leader at the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers 103, panned Markey and told the Herald he won't endorse any candidate unless Menino asks him.
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