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Bill Geivett took to Twitter this week to continue the Colorado Rockies' front office's campaign to make fans mad. In fairness to Geivo, he did not create nearly the waves that Dick Monfort did with his Twitter chat earlier this off-season.
#Rockies Bill Geivett is on @Rockies right now answering your questions. Keep them coming using #RoxChat. pic.twitter.com/KNffWirzJs
— Colorado Rockies (@Rockies) March 19, 2014
Hash tag mad visor game.
Like we have come to expect from any member of Colorado's front office, Geivett was candid and open about a variety of issues (something we should probably appreciate more than we do). The tweet that made waves and had staying power as a story, however, is one that might have fallen through the cracks if you weren't paying attention. When asked about Jhoulys Chacin's progress, Geivett said:
.@BriceGriebler He's in his throwing program now getting ready to progress to the mound for bullpens. If all goes well, ETA is early May.
— Colorado Rockies (@Rockies) March 19, 2014
Alarm bells sounded immediately among the Rockies faithful, as that ETA is later than the initial projected return for Chacin. We all immediately jumped to the conclusion that Chacin suffered a setback. Something must have gone wrong.
But did it? Chacin was asked about that estimate and did not seem to be aware of any hitches or delays in his timetable (from the Denver Post):
I don't know about that…I don't know, and 'Doogie' (trainer Keith Dugger) hasn't told me anything about the timetable. I just know what I'm going to do today."
Also, Chacin is bored.
I'm getting bored and I can't wait to pitch, but sometimes things happen and you just have to go with it. You can't rush. I'm just looking to get better and help my team."
And therein lies the argument for precaution. "You can't rush."
Shoulder injuries are no joke. If you let them get serious for pitchers then they get really serious. Is it possible that the Rockies' front office is proactively pushing Chacin's return date back a couple weeks? Could that actually be a pretty wise move?
It's a fine line, because the Rockies cannot afford to get buried in April. That month consists of a crowded slate of games, many in the division, that the Rockies will have to somehow survive with the adventurous trio of Franklin Morales, Jordan Lyles, and Juan Nicasio playing prominent roles. But even that frightening reality does not justify rushing Chacin at the expense of losing him later in the year.
The Rockies might be able to survive April without Chacin, but they definitely cannot survive a season without him. Maybe that is what the front office is thinking here. Maybe this isn't actually a setback.


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1-41 East 1120 North Street has a Walk Score of 31 out of 100. This location is a Car-Dependent neighborhood so most errands require a car.
This location is in American Fork. Nearby parks include Hole, Merlin B. Larson Park and Larsen Park Ward.
Nearby schools include American Fork Junior High School, Legacy School and Wooden Cottage.
The closest grocery stores are Apogee Intellectual Property, Protandim HYONhealth and what is Maakoa IBO.
The closest coffee shop is Starbucks. Nearby restaurants include Tenney's Pizza, SUBWAY® Restaurants (C-Store / Gas Station) and SUBWAY® Restaurants (C-Store / Gas Station).
1-41 East 1120 North Street is near Robinson Park.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Official Total Film tumblr. The World's most best movie magazine & website.
Total Film | Reviews | News | Features | Trailers | Office Talk | Posters | Pictures | Covers | Facebook | Twitter | YouTube | App | Recommend | Forum | Archive | RSS
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June 20 2011
29. The Little Mermaid (1989)The Happy Couple: Princess Ariel (Jodi Benson) and Eric (Christopher Daniel Barnes).The Wedding: Diplomatically set on a ship, so that Ariel's mer-people can attend. Naturally, King Triton creates a rainbow to give them a proper Disney send-off.If They Get Divorced: We assume Ariel be turned back into a mermaid – or is she stuck that way?


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The reveal, take two.
Okay, so after some minor, and annoying, problems with basic math, we have installed the drawer fronts, and pulls, and we have a fully functioning mac-daddy bathroom vanity hack.
To review, we started with this, a builder-basic MDF vanity, topped with an after-market granite top.
The goal? To get that $&@*@ Ikea stool off the floor, while still enabling the small person to access the sink. We do, after all, value cleanliness. The Anna White tutorial provided the inspiration, but we took it a different place. We built a shallow box to slide into the cabinet area (making this easy to "undo" btw, if you are in a rental).
Inside the box we put drawer slides. The bottom slides were capable of holding 50+ lbs.
Then we put in some homemade drawers, the bottom of which has a lid, making it a handy step.
Oh, and I painted it too, for detail on that process see here.
Anyone need an Ikea step stool, main talent: always being in the way? It's yours, free. Just come by and pick it up off the lawn below the window I chucked it out of.
(I'm sharing this project over at Thrifty Decor Chick's party, too, come on over!)


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One of the many small falls on the hike up Mount Diablo
Some wild ass turkeys!
Hiking Mt. Diablo
This is our new baby kitten, Loa! She's 4 months old and super sweet!
We sold the van! Mixed feelings of relief and regret.
Record Man parking lot sale in Redwood City!!
Dig the color scheme in the kitchen!
This is pretty much all of our stuff right now
Our little buddy


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Full Disclosure
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Thank you so much for all this fantastic advice!
I'm going to look at my options (and my bank balance) and probably hit eBay
in a couple of days.
The virtual lab does look tempting, but I think I'd like to have at least on
piece of cisco hardware to really get a feel for it.
Again, thanks a lot, I'm really grateful for everyone's help,
Andrew Smith.
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For yesterday anyway, the name of the game in Lexington was YAHTZEE! and not basketball as five-star DT Matt Elam committed to Mark Stoops and the Kentucky Wildcats. And that capped off (for all intent and purposes) Mark Stoops's 2014 recruiting class, which is the best in Kentucky history. As of now, all three of the major recruiting services have Kentucky ranked from #13 to #19 in the nation and ESPN should have the Wildcats entrenched in the Top 25 as well.
So of course, we needed to have a podcast.
Kyle, Darren Durham, and Jason Marcum were joined by Patrick Loney from Scout and very special guest Darryl Long.
Darryl Long is a member of that historic 2014 class and is rated as a *** TE. Long has that TE size (6'5, 234) however and could be in the mix for playing time this year. He was also one of the first "Ohio commits" and he helped lead the way for the rest of this class. Long visited both UK and UL on April 13 of last year and committed to the Cats two weeks later, so he gets additional points for spurning the Dirty Birds.
Also, Kyle, Darren, Jason and Patrick talk about the other recent commits not named Elam and give us a state of this class podcast heading into National Signing Day.
As always, you can go here to access the podcasts in iTunes and you can subscribe and even download them to your phone or tablet for an easy on the go podcast. Or you can listen below. Either way, make sure you give us a good rating and tell your friends to check us out.


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Seahawks receiver Ricardo Lockette is being investigated along with San Francisco 49ers teammates Colin Kaepernick and Quinton Patton regarding an alleged sexual assault in Miami earlier this month, according to TMZ Sports.
TMZ Sports reported that they obtained a police report from Miami PD, which included details of a "suspicious incident" involving the three players and a woman whom they had drinks with on April 1.
Here is more from TMZ:
The woman told police, around 9pm that night she mixed some drinks for the guys and gave them shots, but they told her that "in order to drink the shots she had to 'hit' the bong which contained marijuana."
The woman says she felt lightheaded and went to the bedroom to lie down. She claims Kaepernick "came up behind her into the bedroom and started kissing her."
Lockette is allegedly involved because after Kaepernick left the room, Lockette and Patton "peeked" inside the room to see the naked woman.
According to the report, the woman later woke up in a hospital bed with no recollection as to how she got there.
TMZ Sports reported the events as an investigation that centered around sexual assault, but the original incident report does not have specific allegations in it.
"We are aware of the situation, monitoring it closely and will not have any further comment at this time," a Seahawks spokesman said Thursday afternoon.
None of the three players have been charged at this time, as the investigation is still in the "beginning stages."
Lockette was drafted by the Seahawks in 2011.
He recorded five catches for 82 yards last season.


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Sleep Is Overrated, Stay Up To Watch @Midnight
Mon-Thurs 12E/9P
Artists Much Has Been With Since The Beginning
All grown up!
See Lost Footage of Gaga, Beyonce, Kanye And More
Before They Were Stars!
August 23rd, 2012
On Today's Top 10 we've got one of Canada's best dancers to show off his moves! Shawn Desman co-hosts the show and counts down the top 10 videos with the best choreography. Also Shawn is looking for a dancer for a dance role in his movie 'Alive'. The finalists are going to compete in a dance competition on New.Music.Live. Sept 4 – 7. For more info check out the NML blog.
Don't miss brand new episodes of Today's Top 10 every Monday to Thursday at 10 PM ET hosted by Lauren Toyota only on MuchMusic!
Tags: beyonce, Britney Spears, justin timberlake, Kreesha Turner, lady gaga, michael jackson, rihanna, Shawn Desman, Today's Top 10
Posted on Thursday, August 23rd, 2012 at 10:00 pm by Lauren and is filed under Blog, Today's Top 10.


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taylor jean | muncie photography
The first time I met Taylor, she was visiting from Southern Illinois University. I was sitting on my bed in my dorm roomView full post »
Team Lee | yorktown family photographer
I've known Nick and Ann for many, many years. They've hung out with Mark and I often while our kiddos wereView full post »
haddie | an adoption story | muncie family photographer
This session was a celebration of sweet Haddie's beautiful life with her new family. You would never know sheView full post »
i am just like you | print those photos
I am just like you. I have an abundance of images I want to … SHOULD print and display … and I leave them onView full post »
squirrel + flower | muncie photography
Nature before the family session this past Saturday … | HELP SHARE THE LOVE : FOLLOW ME ON FACEBOOK | | CONTACTView full post »
bark for life | delaware county | dog photographer
I had the honor of documenting the Delaware County Bark for Life event last Saturday. You can view the photos from theView full post »
bark for life | delaware county | dog photography
I spent today celebrating dogs and the healing relationship they have with their cancer fighting family members duringView full post »
celia | muncie newborn baby photographer
I had the pleasure of meeting Tracena and Mickie last week to photograph their sweet baby Celia. Turns out she was readyView full post »
patience | muncie pet photographer
Rosie waiting very patiently for an apple core from Louie. May 13, 2014 Canon 50 mm 1.4 lens 1/50 f1.8 ISO 16000  View full post »
Will's 13 Month Mini Session | muncie baby photography
I think everyone should have a mini session with me … especially if you're going to be this lovable …View full post »


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Michelin proves that the fact that Hong Kong is indeed the "Gourmet Paradise in Asia". No doubt. Period.
Michelin is such a late comer. When these restaurants that existed for decades in Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, etc., Michelin's so-called best "star" restaurants were almost all concentrated in Europe and that's only because that's all they've ever eaten in their bubble world. It's like they have discovered some new world of restaurants in Asia if they just stepped out of their little circle. These restaurants do not need fame and have always been out there and much better and sophiscated than the European sandwiches and fancy puddings. I would never trust this Michelin guide. They should go back to doing what they are only mediocre at doing, that is making tires.
Roy, you must be thinking. How many stars does HK have compared to Tokyo or Kyoto/Osaka?
Don't delude yourself like HK residents tend to do
Michelin Star my jazz! The day they include McDonalds in their ridiculous guide, I'll buy one.
Right, but you would be whining equally bitterly if Michelin didn't give stars to any HK restaurant (they have given stars to restaurants in Japan for decades). So let me get this straight you whine when they only give stars to restaurants in Europe and then when they try to reach out and include restaurants in other parts of the world you whine about that too. You do realize Michelin is based in France and started as a guide to restaurants for French motorists touring their own country, right? Europe is still their primary market. Given that isn't it logical that they would start by rating restaurants in France and Europe and focus on developing those guides before expanding globally?
Why doesn't Hong Kong develop its own guide and rating system instead of relying on the French? Could it be because the local publishing industry is a joke (dominated by 'how to get rich' tripe and picture books of prepubescent AV 'idols'), no local would fork out the cash to actually buy it or bother to read it anyways since there's basically no reading culture here, and judging by the eating habits of the average HKer 80% of the restaurants featured would be generic low quality sushi restaurant knock offs, or McDonalds, and KFCs. I wonder how many Michelin stars those pillars of the HK dining scene Maxim's and Cafe de Coral got? The lowest quality elbow macaroni served plain on a bed of semi heated canned corn, now that's what I call fine dining HK style, yum, yum!
I mean, for the love of God, is there any article on any topic that the, I'm assuming, HKer posters to the WSJ won't get bitter and start whining about?
@ Michelin:
And speaking of living in a bubble, if you think 'European' (a lot of diverse countries and communities with varied and, in many cases, ancient culinary traditions in Europe) cuisine consists entirely of sandwiches and puddings then you are living in quite a bubble yourself there world traveler.
But I guess it isn't your fault. If you grew up in HK and haven't had the chance to travel much and were only left to judge 'European' food by the inauthentic and substandard examples of it to be found in HK then I'm not surprised you are so woefully ignorant on the subject. For a city that likes to give itself the label of an 'international food city/paradise' (ironically a label often promoted and advocated by Englishmen as well, not exactly accepted authorities on what constitutes good food) I find it shocking that there is not even one decent Greek or German restaurant (but literally thousands of god awful fast food joints, grossly over priced and thoroughly mediocre 'fusion' restaurants, and about half a million inauthentic and identical sushi restaurants.
Taiwan should be represented
Scene Asia is The Wall Street Journal's guide to food, wine, fashion, design, sports, entertainment, and the arts in Asia. It delivers a behind-the-scenes look at the region's dynamic culture, including Q&As with filmmakers, artists and chefs, news on arts and entertainment, and a spotlight on the most striking homes from Goa to the Gold Coast. Write to us at firstname.lastname@example.com
You can also get the latest updates from Scene on your iPhone with WSJ's Scene Asia app.


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These green beans from Emeril's Italian Table are a great side with any main dish. The pancetta really kicks this dish up a notch!
This recipe is adapted from the book Emeril's New New Orleans Cooking and it's delicious and easy to make. Though there is nothing like serving it hot from the oven, but it can also be made a ahead of time for easy entertaining.
These slightly sweet and pillowy rolls are perfect for the dinner table and also make for a delicious sandwich.
Cranberries have become a staple at holiday meals, especially Thanksgiving. This is a great kicked-up version that has notes of citrus.
In this recipe, wild rice is paired with fall flavors of apples, cranberries and sausage. It makes a great side dish for ducks, venison, wild boar or even your holiday turkey. It can easily be adapted to be vegetarian - just remove the sausage.
Try this unique twist on roasted cauliflower! It is served with a Curry Aioli, just like they do at Emeril's Chop House in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
This recipe is from Chef Anthony Scanio at Emeril's Delmonico in New Orleans, where this is a very traditional dish. You can eat these on their own with some piping hot white rice, but they also make a wonderful side dish for a holiday table.
This recipe is a cross between Lyonnaise Potatoes and Potatoes au Gratin. The caramelized onions add just the right amount of sweetness to the creamy potatoes.
Bourbon, molasses and heavy cream are added to these sweet potatoes for flavor and texture. They are currently served with fried chicken at NOLA but they would be great with any main course.
If you're looking for real steakhouse-quality creamed spinach, this is it. This recipe comes from Delmonico Steakhouse in Vegas, where it's a true crowd-pleaser.


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Senior News
January 1, 2009 RANDI BAUN has been named a Certified Fund Raising Executive by CFRE International. more »»
Spend or save?
December 18, 2008 "What could be more important than saving money?" one might as. more »»
The risk of individual satisfaction
September 26, 2008 There are times when other people advise against, or even oppose, actions one wants to take. The ideas of being prudent and satisfying oneself, then, are in conflict. more »»
Howland graduate back from China
September 5, 2008 Courtney Collins, a 2001 Howland High School graduate, returned to her home in Akron June 30 after visiting Beijing, the capital city of China and site of the 2008 Olympic Game. more »»
Needs vs. wants in America
August 15, 2008 "I own five stores, not one of which contains a thing anyone needs!" said an owner weeks before selling the stores for a considerable gain and retiring to Florida three years ago. more »»


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Definition of swart gevaar in English:
swart gevaarLine breaks: swart ge|vaar
Pronunciation: /ˌswart xəˈfɑː /
(In South Africa under apartheid) a threat perceived as being posed by black people to whites: [as modifier]: the party got into power on the swart gevaar ticket
More example sentences
- This was nothing more than political mischief and 'swart gevaar' tactics.
- My betrayal rests with the fact that this whole 'swart gevaar' and all that, never existed.
- In both cities, whites rushed to buy arms and ammunition for protection against the so-called swart gevaar (black peril) - although at no time were any white communities threatened.
Afrikaans, literally 'black danger'.
Get more from Oxford Dictionaries
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Word of the day deictic
Pronunciation: ˈdīktik
denoting a word whose meaning depends on context...


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"the last time i saw him, he was in the courtyard at winterfell. he said, "next time i see ya, you'll be all in black." i was jealous of robb my whole life. the way my father looked at him…i wanted that. he was better than me at everything. fighting, and hunting, and riding…and girls. gods, the girls loved him. i wanted to hate him, but i never could."
They grow quickly now, and when they are grown I shall have my wings. Mounted on a dragon, she could lead her own men into battle, as she had in Astapor, but as yet they are still too small to bear her weight.
"I don't want Casterly Rock. I don't want a wife. I don't want children."
"What do you want?"
I realise only one person will be damaged beyond repair if Peeta dies. Me.
It's time to see what I can do
To test the limits and break through
we've all got jobs to do
Jake Abel photographed by David Heisler


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Montana > Fromberg Yellow Pages > Energy and Environment > Mining Fromberg
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Weekly trucks service various markets throughout Montana and Wyoming. - Northwest Pipe Fittings in Billings, Montana is a wholesale distributor for plumbing, utilities, ... More>
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Boland Construction & Drilling of Great Falls, MT has been in the underground construction indust... More>
Fisher Sand & Gravel Co
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Fisher Sand & Gravel Company has over 60 years in the aggregate processing industry and is the pa... More>
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H-E Parts Mining manufactures more than 5,000 different kinds of heavy equipment and mining equip... More>
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A K Drilling serves the Butte, Mont. and the surrounding communities with a full line of drilling... More>
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Westate Machinery, located in Billings Montana, offers crushing and screening equipment. We sp... More>
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We are the customer's choice for mining and construction wear-parts consumption. They offer a fu... More>
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We are a locally owned business here in Gillette WY. Black Hawk Crane and Rigging Inc. has the e... More>
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DelHur Industries, Inc. is a heavy civil general contractor with over 45 years of experience. Li... More>
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Posts Tagged 'zelda'
The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time 3D Walkthrough | Nintendo 3DSPosted by Topper the Wonderdog on November 28, 2011 under Nintendo 3DS, Nintendo 3DS SpotlightsThe Legend of Zelda Ocarina of Time 3D Walkthrough You have found the officially approved Legend of Zelda Ocarina of Time 3D Walkthrough for the Nintendo 3DS system which will guide you from start to finish for this highly anticipated and critically acclaimed adventure from Nintendo. This is a must have for anyone serious about completing the 3DS version of Zelda Ocarina of Time so don't hesi... more.
Zelda Link to the Past with a Portal Gun | Best fan made video of the weekPosted by 360informer on July 15, 2011 under Paws ButtonWe had a chance to cover some of the best video game coverage this week and well, Fridays are our 'kick back and have fun' days... I mean we are a gaming website after all. Today we'd like to introduce the winner for the funniest fan made game joke video. The clip is maybe a minute at the most, but it's worth watching every second. Watch as Zelda's Link gets the Portal Gun from Valve's Porta... more.
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Article: Bioshock Infinite Walkthrough | PC PS3 XBox 360
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Article: Diablo 3 Walkthrough | Diablo 3 Walkthrough Strategy Guide


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Menu Help
- juliejulez Apr 21, 2013 12:40 PM
Next Saturday I'm going to a friend's house to make dinner for her and her husband. She is about to have a rather important surgery so I'm going there to hang out and spend girl time, and I want to give a good meal to her and her husband.
There's only 3 of us and I want to keep it fairly simple since I'm not used to cooking in her kitchen... so probably no apps. If I do them it'll just be a cheese plate.
I'm planning on making this lemon chicken recipe: http://www.inspiredtaste.net/18649/ea... and this baked risotto with asparagus, peas, and pancetta: http://www.thekitchn.com/recipe-baked... I've made the chicken before, but not the risotto, so I'm open to other ideas on that.
Dessert will most likely be Ina Garten's Lemon Yogurt Cake, probably with some kind of ice cream since my friend is an ice cream fanatic.
Where I'm getting stuck is the dinner part. I feel like I need to do one more item to make it feel like a complete meal. I originally thought of some kind of garlic bread but with the risotto, that's a pretty carb heavy meal...but maybe that doesn't matter I was thinking maybe another vegetable of some kind... maybe green beans? I don't know.
What would you fine Chowhounders do?
I would simply do a nice tossed salad with a homemade vinaigrette.
IMO risotto is too finicky for a maiden dish in an unfamiliar kitchen. If you want rice, I would do pilaf and a simple green veg or salad.
I agree with Pika that a simple crisp salad will round your meal nicely. I also looked at serving suggestions in the chicken recipe and it says: "Serve with rice and vegetables or with mashed potatoes. Pasta, even." I think it will go very well with orzo. I love serving it because you can cook orzo a night before, toss it with some butter, minced garlic (a bit), parsley or basil, and parmesan; put into a serving dish that goes in the oven and warm it up as the chicken is cooking. Super easy and very tasty. Even simpler but good is short grain brown rice - it is nutty and chewy and nutritious.
re: herby
I agree with the orzo idea, but perhaps a bit more of a fancier one, but just as easy.
Aaron McCargo's Lemon-pepper orzo is so easy and delicious. Here's the link.
And I 3rd the green salad idea.
re: mcel215
A friend of mine does an orzo with asparagus tips and fresh peas. Very nice.
salad would be a good additional course. You may want fruity kind of sald since have some vegies in the risooto. Also be sure to check with friend about any dietary restrictions. For ex some docs still insist on restricting green vegies before starting to take blood thiners others just want to maintain status quo so if friend typically eats lots of green vegies then no reason to change.
In the spring, I love to do a medley of petit pois, hericot vert, and asparagus tips. Frozen peas and beans work beautifully, if you have to. Cook separately, then toss in butter to warm all before serving. S&P.
Save the asparagus stalks for soup or another use.
Would go great with that chicken recipe. Then you could do the garlic bread with no worries about the risotto.
Everything else sounds like a great match.
Good friend.
I also like the green salad as a starter (since you have lemon in your main course and dessert, you might want to consider a dressing that isn't lemony -- maybe green goddess or something else you all like).
If you go with your asparagus risotto, you have your green veg and starch, so I wouldn't do an additional green veg, but one of my go-to's is to do sauteed cherry tomatoes with garlic or shallots, thyme, parsley or chives, as an additional side. It adds color to the plate (if you can get one of those containers with the mixed colors, it would be especially attractive, but grape tomatoes are great). Sauteed fresh little carrots are another idea.
Enjoy your weekend with your friends.
re: Terrie H.
Roasted carrots, cut on the diagonal would look nice, taste good and be easy to prepare.
It sounds good but I agree with others about using orzo instead of making risotto.
The other thing that I'm stuck on is the lemon yogurt cake. I love Ina's recipe but I have never had that cake so I don't know how lemon-y it is. Just seems like lemon chicken, then lemon cake is a bit too much lemon. Personally, I'd go with a chocolate cake or something plus, of course, the ice cream :)
re: valerie
Yeah I already ran a few dessert ideas by my friend (including chocolate ones) and she picked the lemon yogurt cake. The lemon chicken isn't that lemony so I didn't think it would be overkill.
Thanks everyone. Lots of great ideas here. I know risotto can be finicky but I figured a baked one would be easy since it's mostly done in the oven. That Aaron McCargo orzo recipe looks really good, but I am trying to keep it on the healthier side... maybe I can tweak that one though.
I do have this recipe for an orzo... maybe I could omit the sausage and shallots (husband hates anything onion-like in his food), and add in asparagus to that... same idea as the baked risotto but easier to do: http://www.seriouseats.com/recipes/20...
Or can just do nemos idea of a veggie saute sort of thing, and then just do the garlic bread.
Or, I also saved this recipe... maybe could serve the chicken on top of something like this? http://www.chow.com/recipes/29517-fet...
My friend said her husband's favorite vegetable is asparagus so I really want to incorporate it somewhere. No dietary restrictions (other than trying to keep it on the healthy side).
Ack, too many ideas :)
re: juliejulez
JJ, Donna Hay has simple but delicious recipe for asparagus baked with garlic and olive oil. Or you could boil it for 2 min, shock, slice an add to orzo when reheating.
Whatever you decide to make this is going to be memorable dinner - you are very good friend!
re: juliejulez
Oven risotto is easy and to my mind much better than orzo and your recipe includes the asparagus that is desired.
Add a crisp salad and you are good. Just no lemon vinaigrette ;)
Well, I ended up asking my friend what she would like for a side dish, I sent her a bunch of ideas. She ended up picking the baked risotto after all... I guess I know her pretty well :) We'll probably also do a side salad, I'll whip up a quick dijon vinaigrette for that.
Thanks everyone for your input, I make this kind of meal a lot at home so I'm bookmarking this thread to try all the different ideas!


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This guide describes DRBD version 8.4 and above. For 8.3 please look here.
DRBD implements block devices which replicate their data to all nodes of a cluster. The actual data and associated metadata are usually stored redundantly on "ordinary" block devices on each cluster node.
Replicated block devices are called
/dev/drbd by default. They
are grouped into resources, with one or more devices per resource.
Replication among the devices in a resource takes place in chronological order. With DRBD,
we refer to the devices inside a resource as volumes.
In DRBD 9, a resource can be replicated between two or more cluster nodes. The connections between cluster nodes are point-to-point links, and use TCP or a TCP-like protocol. All nodes must be directly connected.
DRBD consists of low-level user-space components
which interact with the kernel and perform basic operations
drbdmeta), a high-level
user-space component which understands and processes the DRBD configuration
and translates it into basic operations of the low-level components
drbdadm), and a kernel component.
The default DRBD configuration consists of
/etc/drbd.conf and of additional files included from
there, usually
global_common.conf and all
files inside
/etc/drbd.d/. It has turned out to be useful to define
each resource in a separate
The configuration files are designed so that each cluster node can
contain an identical copy of the entire cluster configuration. The host
name of each node determines which parts of the configuration apply
uname -n).
It is highly recommended to keep the cluster configuration on all
nodes in sync by manually copying it to all nodes, or by automating the
process with
csync2 or a similar tool.
resource r0 { net { cram-hmac-alg sha1; shared-secret "FooFunFactory"; } volume 0 { device /dev/drbd1; disk /dev/sda7; meta-disk internal; } on alice { node-id 0; address 10.1.1.31:7000; } on bob { node-id 1; address 10.1.1.32:7000; } connection { host alice port 7000; host bob port 7000; net { protocol C; } } }
This example defines a resource
r0 which contains a single replicated
device with volume number 0. The resource is replicated among hosts
bob, which have the IPv4 addresses
10.1.1.31 and
10.1.1.32 and the
node identifiers 0 and 1, respectively. On both hosts, the replicated
device is called
/dev/drbd1, and the actual data and metadata are stored on
the lower-level device
/dev/sda7. The connection between the hosts uses
protocol C.
Please refer to the DRBD User's Guide for more examples.
DRBD configuration files consist of sections, which contain other sections and parameters depending on the section types. Each section consists of one or more keywords, sometimes a section name, an opening brace ("{"), the section's contents, and a closing brace ("}"). Parameters inside a section consist of a keyword, followed by one or more keywords or values, and a semicolon (";").
Some parameter values have a default scale which applies when a plain
number is specified (for example Kilo, or 1024 times the numeric value).
Such default scales can be overridden by using a suffix (for example,
M for Mega). The common suffixes
2^10 = 1024,
M = 1024 K, and
are supported.
Comments start with a hash sign ("#") and extend to the
end of the line. In addition, any section can be prefixed with the keyword
skip, which causes the section and any sub-sections to be
Additional files can be included with the
statement (see
for the expressions supported in
Include statements are only allowed outside of sections.
The following sections are defined (indentation indicates in which context):
common [disk] [handlers] [net] [options] [startup] global resource connection net connection-mesh net [disk] floating handlers [net] on [disk] volume disk options stacked-on-top-of startup
Sections in brackets affect other parts of the configuration: inside the
common section, they apply to all resources. A
disk section inside a
resource or
on section applies to all volumes of that resource, and a
net section inside a
resource section
applies to all connections of that resource. This allows to avoid repeating
identical options for each resource, connection, or volume. Options can
be overridden in a more specific
on, or
volume section.
This section can contain each a
options, and
startup section. All resources inherit the
parameters in these sections as their default values.
Define a connection between two hosts. This section
must contain two
host parameters.
The optional
name is
used to refer to the connection in the system log and in other
messages. If no name is specified, the peer's host name
is used instead.
Define a connection mesh between multiple hosts. This section
must contain a
hosts parameter, which has the
host names as arguments. This section is a shortcut to define many
connections which share the same network options.
Define parameters for a volume. All parameters in this section are optional.
Like the
on section, except that
instead of the host name a network address is used to
determine if it matches a
node-id parameter in this section is
required. If the
address parameter is not
provided, no connections to peers will be created by default.
disk, and
meta-disk parameters must be defined in, or
inherited by, this section.
Define some global parameters. All parameters in
this section are optional. Only one
section is allowed in the configuration.
Define handlers to be invoked when certain events occur. The kernel passes the resource name in the first command-line argument and sets the following environment variables depending on the event's context:
For events related to a particular device:
the device's minor number in
DRBD_MINOR, the device's volume number
For events related to a particular device on a
particular peer: the connection endpoints in
DRBD_PEER_ADDRESS, and
DRBD_PEER_AF; the device's local minor
number in
DRBD_MINOR, and the device's volume
number in
For events related to a particular connection: the
connection endpoints in
DRBD_PEER_ADDRESS, and
DRBD_PEER_AF; and, for each device defined for
that connection: the device's minor number in
For events that identify a device, if a lower-level
device is attached, the lower-level device's device name is
passed in
DRBD_BACKING_DEV (or
All parameters in this section are optional. Only a single handler can be defined for each event; if no handler is defined, nothing will happen.
Define parameters for a connection. All parameters in this section are optional.
Define the properties of a resource on a particular
host or set of hosts. Specifying more than one host name can
make sense in a setup with IP address failover, for
example. The
host-name argument must
match the Linux host name (
uname -n).
Usually contains or inherits at least one
volume section. The
node-id and
address parameters must be defined in this
section. The
disk, and
meta-disk parameters must be defined in, or
inherited by, this section.
A normal configuration file contains two or more
on sections for each resource. Also see the
floating section.
Define parameters for a resource. All parameters in this section are optional.
Define a resource. Usually contains at least two
on sections and at least one
connection section.
Used instead of an
on section for
configuring a stacked resource with three to four nodes.
Starting with DRBD 9, stacking is deprecated. It is advised to use resources which are replicated among more than two nodes instead.
The parameters in this section determine the behavior of a resource at startup time.
Define a volume within a resource. The volume
numbers in the various
volume sections of a
resource define which devices on which hosts form a replicated
connection Parameters
Defines an endpoint for a connection. Each
statement refers to an
on section in a resource.
If a port number is defined, this endpoint will use the specified
port instead of the port defined in the
section. Each
connection section must contain
exactly two
host parameters.
connection-mesh Parameters
disk Parameters
DRBD automatically maintains a "hot" or "active" disk area likely to be written to again soon based on the recent write activity. The "active" disk area can be written to immediately, while "inactive" disk areas must be "activated" first, which requires a meta-data write. We also refer to this active disk area as the "activity log".
The activity log saves meta-data writes, but the whole log must be resynced upon recovery of a failed node. The size of the activity log is a major factor of how long a resync will take and how fast a replicated disk will become consistent after a crash.
The activity log consists of a number of 4-Megabyte segments; the
al-extents parameter determines how many of
those segments can be active at the same time. The default value for
al-extents is 1237, with a minimum of 7 and a
maximum of 65536.
Note that the effective maximum may be smaller, depending on how you created the device meta data, see also drbdmeta(8) The effective maximum is 919 * (available on-disk activity-log ring-buffer area/4kB -1), the default 32kB ring-buffer effects a maximum of 6433 (covers more than 25 GiB of data) We recommend to keep this well within the amount your backend storage and replication link are able to resync inside of about 5 minutes.
{ yes | no }
With this parameter, the activity log can be turned off
entirely (see the
al-extents parameter). This will speed
up writes because fewer meta-data writes will be necessary, but the
entire device needs to be resynchronized opon recovery of a failed
primary node. The default value for
al-updates is
c-delay-target ,
c-fill-target ,
c-max-rate ,
Dynamically control the resync speed. This mechanism is enabled by
setting the
c-plan-ahead parameter to a positive value.
The goal is to either fill the buffers along the data path with a defined
amount of data if
c-fill-target is defined, or to have a
defined delay along the path if
c-delay-target is
defined. The maximum bandwidth is limited by the
c-max-rate parameter.
c-plan-ahead parameter defines how fast drbd
adapts to changes in the resync speed. It should be set to five times
the network round-trip time or more. Common values for
c-fill-target for "normal" data paths range from 4K to
100K. If drbd-proxy is used, it is advised to use
c-delay-target instead of
c-fill-target. The
c-delay-target parameter is used if the
c-fill-target parameter is undefined or set to 0. The
c-delay-target parameter should be set to five times the
network round-trip time or more. The
c-max-rate option
should be set to either the bandwidth available between the DRBD-hosts and the
machines hosting DRBD-proxy, or to the available disk bandwidth.
The default values of these parameters are:
c-plan-ahead = 20 (in units of 0.1 seconds),
c-fill-target = 0 (in units of sectors),
c-delay-target = 1 (in units of 0.1 seconds),
c-max-rate = 102400 (in units of KiB/s).
Dynamic resync speed control is available since DRBD 8.3.9.
A node which is primary and sync-source has to schedule application
I/O requests and resync I/O requests. The
parameter limits how much bandwidth is available for resync I/O; the
remaining bandwidth is used for application I/O.
c-min-rate value of 0 means that there is no
limit on the resync I/O bandwidth. This can slow down application I/O
significantly. Use a value of 1 (1 KiB/s) for the lowest possible resync
The default value of
c-min-rate is 4096, in units of
DRBD has three methods of handling the ordering of dependent write requests:
Use disk barriers to make sure that requests are written to disk in the right order. Barriers ensure that all requests submitted before a barrier make it to the disk before any requests submitted after the barrier. This is implemented using 'tagged command queuing' on SCSI devices and 'native command queuing' on SATA devices. Only some devices and device stacks support this method. The device mapper (LVM) only supports barriers in some configurations.
Note that on systems which do not support
disk barriers, enabling this option can lead to data loss or
corruption. Until DRBD 8.4.1,
disk-barrier was
turned on if the I/O stack below DRBD did support barriers.
Kernels since linux-2.6.36 (or 2.6.32 RHEL6) no longer allow to
detect if barriers are supported. Since drbd-8.4.2,
this option is off by default and needs to be enabled explicitly.
Use disk flushes between dependent write requests, also referred to as 'force unit access' by drive vendors. This forces all data to disk. This option is enabled by default.
Wait for the request queue to "drain" (that is, wait for the requests to finish) before submitting a dependent write request. This method requires that requests are stable on disk when they finish. Before DRBD 8.0.9, this was the only method implemented. This option is enabled by default. Do not disable in production environments.
From these three methods, drbd will use the first that is enabled and supported by the backing storage device. If all three of these options are turned off, DRBD will submit write requests without bothering about dependencies. Depending on the I/O stack, write requests can be reordered, and they can be submitted in a different order on different cluster nodes. This can result in data loss or corruption. Therefore, turning off all three methods of controlling write ordering is strongly discouraged.
A general guideline for configuring write ordering is to use disk barriers or disk flushes when using ordinary disks (or an ordinary disk array) with a volatile write cache. On storage without cache or with a battery backed write cache, disk draining can be a reasonable choice.
If the lower-level device on which a DRBD device stores its data does
not finish an I/O request within the defined
disk-timeout, DRBD treats this as a failure. The
lower-level device is detached, and the device's disk state advances to
Diskless. If DRBD is connected to one or more peers, the failed request
is passed on to one of them.
This option is dangerous and may lead to kernel panic!
"Aborting" requests, or force-detaching the disk, is intended for completely blocked/hung local backing devices which do no longer complete requests at all, not even do error completions. In this situation, usually a hard-reset and failover is the only way out.
By "aborting", basically faking a local error-completion, we allow for a more graceful swichover by cleanly migrating services. Still the affected node has to be rebooted "soon".
By completing these requests, we allow the upper layers to re-use the associated data pages.
If later the local backing device "recovers", and now DMAs some data from disk into the original request pages, in the best case it will just put random data into unused pages; but typically it will corrupt meanwhile completely unrelated data, causing all sorts of damage.
Which means delayed successful completion, especially for READ requests, is a reason to panic(). We assume that a delayed *error* completion is OK, though we still will complain noisily about it.
The default value of
disk-timeout is 0, which stands for an infinite timeout.
Timeouts are specified in units of 0.1 seconds. This option is available
since DRBD 8.3.12.
Fencing is a preventive measure to avoid
situations where both nodes are primary and disconnected. This is also
known as a split-brain situation. DRBD supports the following fencing
No fencing actions are taken. This is the default policy.
If a node becomes a disconnected primary, it tries to fence the peer.
This is done by calling the
fence-peer handler. The
handler is supposed to reach the peer over an alternative communication path
and call '
drbdadm outdate minor' there.
If a node becomes a disconnected primary, it freezes all its IO operations
and calls its fence-peer handler. The fence-peer handler is supposed to reach
the peer over an alternative communication path and call
drbdadm outdate minor' there. In case it cannot
do that, it should stonith the peer. IO is resumed as soon as
the situation is resolved. In case the fence-peer handler fails,
I/O can be resumed manually with '
Enable disk flushes and disk barriers on the meta-data device.
This option is enabled by default. See the
Configure how DRBD reacts to I/O errors on a lower-level device. The following policies are defined:
Change the disk status to Inconsistent, mark the failed block as inconsistent in the bitmap, and retry the I/O operation on a remote cluster node.
Call the
local-io-error handler (see the
handlers section).
Detach the lower-level device and continue in diskless mode.
Distribute read requests among cluster nodes as defined by
policy. The supported policies are
prefer-local (the default),
512K-striping and
This option is available since DRBD 8.4.1.
Define that a device should only resynchronize after the specified other device. By default, no order between devices is defined, and all devices will resynchronize in parallel. Depending on the configuration of the lower-level devices, and the available network and disk bandwidth, this can slow down the overall resync process. This option can be used to form a chain or tree of dependencies among devices.
Define how much bandwidth DRBD may use for resynchronizing. DRBD allows "normal" application I/O even during a resync. If the resync takes up too much bandwidth, application I/O can become very slow. This parameter allows to avoid that. Please note this is option only works when the dynamic resync controller is disabled.
global Parameters
The DRBD init script can be used to configure and start
DRBD devices, which can involve waiting for other cluster nodes.
While waiting, the init script shows the remaining waiting time. The
dialog-refresh defines the number of seconds between
updates of that countdown. The default value is 1; a value of 0 turns
off the countdown.
Normally, DRBD verifies that the IP addresses in the configuration
match the host names. Use the
parameter to disable these checks.
{ yes | no | ask }
A explained on DRBD's Online Usage Counter web page, DRBD includes a mechanism for anonymously counting how many installations are using which versions of DRBD. The results are available on the web page for anyone to see.
This parameter defines if a cluster node participates in the usage
counter; the supported values are
no, and
ask (ask the user, the
We would like to ask users to participate in the online usage counter as this provides us valuable feedback for steering the development of DRBD.
handlers Parameters
Called on a resync target when a node state
changes from
Inconsistent to
Consistent when a resync finishes.
This handler can be used for removing the snapshot created in the
before-resync-target handler.
Called on a resync target before a resync begins. This handler can be used for creating a snapshot of the lower-level device for the duration of the resync: if the resync source becomes unavailable during a resync, reverting to the snapshot can restore a consistent state.
Called when a node should fence a resource on a particular peer. The handler should not use the same communication path that DRBD uses for talking to the peer.
Called when DRBD connects to a peer and detects that the peer is in a split-brain state with the local node. This handler is also called for split-brain scenarios which will be resolved automatically.
The local node is currently primary, but DRBD believes that it should become a sync target. The node should give up its primary role.
The local node is currently primary, but it has lost the after-split-brain auto recovery procedure. The node should be abandoned.
The local node is primary, and neither the local lower-level device nor a lower-level device on a peer is up to date. (The primary has no device to read from or to write to.)
DRBD has detected a split-brain situation which could not be resolved automatically. Manual recovery is necessary. This handler can be used to call for administrator attention.
net Parameters
Define how to react if a split-brain scenario is detected and none of the two nodes is in primary role. (We detect split-brain scenarios when two nodes connect; split-brain decisions are always between two nodes.) The defined policies are:
No automatic resynchronization; simply disconnect.
Resynchronize from the node which became primary first
discard-younger-primary) or last
discard-older-primary). If both nodes became
primary independently, the
policy is used.
If only one of the nodes wrote data since the split brain situation was detected, resynchronize from this node to the other. If both nodes wrote data, disconnect.
Resynchronize from the node with more modified blocks.
Always resynchronize to the named node.
Define how to react if a split-brain scenario is detected, with one node in primary role and one node in secondary role. (We detect split-brain scenarios when two nodes connect, so split-brain decisions are always among two nodes.) The defined policies are:
No automatic resynchronization, simply disconnect.
Discard the data on the secondary node if the
after-sb-0pri algorithm would also discard the
data on the secondary node. Otherwise, disconnect.
Always take the decision of the
after-sb-0pri algorithm,
even if it causes an erratic change of the primary's view of the
data. This is only useful if a single-node file system (i.e., not
OCFS2 or GFS) with the
allow-two-primaries flag
is used. This option can cause the primary node to crash, and
should not be used.
Discard the data on the secondary node.
Always take the decision of the
after-sb-0pri algorithm. If the decision is to
discard the data on the primary node, call the
pri-lost-after-sb handler on the primary
Define how to react if a split-brain scenario is detected and both nodes are in primary role. (We detect split-brain scenarios when two nodes connect, so split-brain decisions are always among two nodes.) The defined policies are:
No automatic resynchronization, simply disconnect.
See the
violently-as0p policy for
Call the
pri-lost-after-sb handler on one of
the machines. The handler is expected to reboot the machine, which
brings the node into secondary role.
The most common way to configure DRBD devices is to allow only one node to be primary (and thus writable) at a time.
In some scenarios it is preferable to allow two nodes to be primary at once; a mechanism outside of DRBD then must make sure that writes to the shared, replicated device happen in a coordinated way. This can be done with a shared-storage cluster file system like OCFS2 and GFS, or with virtual machine images and a virtual machine manager that can migrate virtual machines between physical machines.
allow-two-primaries parameter tells DRBD to
allow two nodes to be primary at the same time. Never enable this
option when using a non-distributed file system; otherwise, data
corruption and node crashes will result!
Normally the automatic after-split-brain policies are only used if current states of the UUIDs do not indicate the presence of a third node.
With this option you request that the automatic after-split-brain policies are used as long as the data sets of the nodes are somehow related. This might cause a full sync, if the UUIDs indicate the presence of a third node. (Or double faults led to strange UUID sets.)
As soon as a connection between two nodes is configured
with drbdsetup connect, DRBD
immediately tries to establish the connection. If this fails, DRBD
waits for
connect-int seconds and then repeats. The
default value of
connect-int is 10 seconds.
Configure the hash-based message authentication code
(HMAC) or secure hash algorithm to use for peer authentication. The
kernel supports a number of different algorithms, some of which may be
loadable as kernel modules. See the shash algorithms listed in
/proc/crypto. By default,
cram-hmac-alg is unset.
Peer authentication also requires a
shared-secret to
be configured.
Normally, when two nodes resynchronize, the sync target requests a piece of out-of-sync data from the sync source, and the sync source sends the data. With many usage patterns, a significant number of those blocks will actually be identical.
When a
csums-alg algorithm is specified, when
requesting a piece of out-of-sync data, the sync target also sends
along a hash of the data it currently has. The sync source compares
this hash with its own version of the data. It sends the sync target
the new data if the hashes differ, and tells it that the data are the
same otherwise. This reduces the network bandwidth required, at the
cost of higher cpu utilization and possibly increased I/O on the sync
csums-alg can be set to one of the secure
hash algorithms supported by the kernel; see the shash algorithms
listed in /proc/crypto. By default,
csums-alg is
Enabling this option (and csums-alg, above) makes it possible to use the checksum based resync only for the first resync after primary crash, but not for later "network hickups".
In most cases, block that are marked as need-to-be-resynced are in fact changed, so calculating checksums, and both reading and writing the blocks on the resync target is all effective overhead.
The advantage of checksum based resync is mostly after primary crash recovery, where the recovery marked larger areas (those covered by the activity log) as need-to-be-resynced, just in case. Introduced in 8.4.5.
DRBD normally relies on the data integrity checks built into the TCP/IP protocol, but if a data integrity algorithm is configured, it will additionally use this algorithm to make sure that the data received over the network match what the sender has sent. If a data integrity error is detected, DRBD will close the network connection and reconnect, which will trigger a resync.
data-integrity-alg can be set to one of the
secure hash algorithms supported by the kernel; see the shash algorithms
listed in /proc/crypto. By default, this mechanism is turned off.
Because of the CPU overhead involved, we recommend not to use this option in production environments. Also see the notes on data integrity below.
If a secondary node fails to complete a write request in
ko-count times the
timeout parameter,
it is excluded from the cluster. The primary node then sets the
connection to this secondary node to Standalone. The default value of
ko-count is 0, which disables this feature.
Limits the memory usage per DRBD minor device on the receiving side, or for internal buffers during resync or online-verify. Unit is PAGE_SIZE, which is 4 KiB on most systems. The minimum possible setting is hard coded to 32 (=128 KiB). These buffers are used to hold data blocks while they are written to/read from disk. To avoid possible distributed deadlocks on congestion, this setting is used as a throttle threshold rather than a hard limit. Once more than max-buffers pages are in use, further allocation from this pool is throttled. You want to increase max-buffers if you cannot saturate the IO backend on the receiving side.
Define the maximum number of write requests DRBD may issue before issuing a write barrier. The default value is 2048, with a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 20000. Setting this parameter to a value below 10 is likely to decrease performance.
on-congestion ,
congestion-fill ,
By default, DRBD blocks when the TCP send queue is full. This prevents applications from generating further write requests until more buffer space becomes available again.
When DRBD is used together with DRBD-proxy, it can be better to use
on-congestion policy,
which can switch DRBD into ahead/behind mode before the send queue is full.
DRBD then records the differences between itself and the peer in its
bitmap, but it no longer replicates them to the peer. When enough buffer
space becomes available again, the node resynchronizes with the peer and
switches back to normal replication.
This has the advantage of not blocking application I/O even when the queues fill up, and the disadvantage that peer nodes can fall behind much further. Also, while resynchronizing, peer nodes will become inconsistent.
The available congestion policies are
block (the
default) and
pull-ahead. The
congestion-fill parameter defines how much data is
allowed to be "in flight" in this connection. The default value is 0,
which disables this mechanism of congestion control, with a maximum of
10 GiBytes. The
congestion-extents parameter defines
how many bitmap extents may be active before switching into ahead/behind
mode, with the same default and limits as the
parameter. The
congestion-extents parameter is
effective only when set to a value smaller than
Ahead/behind mode is available since DRBD 8.3.10.
When the TCP/IP connection to a peer is idle for more than
ping-int seconds, DRBD will send a keep-alive packet
to make sure that a failed peer or network connection is detected
reasonably soon. The default value is 10 seconds, with a minimum of 1
and a maximum of 120 seconds. The unit is seconds.
Define the timeout for replies to keep-alive packets. If
the peer does not reply within
ping-timeout, DRBD will
close and try to reestablish the connection. The default value is 0.5
seconds, with a minimum of 0.1 seconds and a maximum of 3 seconds. The
unit is tenths of a second.
In setups involving a DRBD-proxy and connections that experience a lot of
buffer-bloat it might be necessary to set
ping-timeout to an
unusual high value. By default DRBD uses the same value to wait if a newly
established TCP-connection is stable. Since the DRBD-proxy is usually located
in the same data center such a long wait time may hinder DRBD's connect process.
In such setups
socket-check-timeout should be set to
at least to the round trip time between DRBD and DRBD-proxy. I.e. in most
cases to 1.
The default unit is tenths of a second, the default value is 0 (which causes
DRBD to use the value of
ping-timeout instead).
Introduced in 8.4.5.
Use the specified protocol on this connection. The supported protocols are:
Writes to the DRBD device complete as soon as they have reached the local disk and the TCP/IP send buffer.
Writes to the DRBD device complete as soon as they have reached the local disk, and all peers have acknowledged the receipt of the write requests.
Writes to the DRBD device complete as soon as they have reached the local and all remote disks.
Configure the size of the TCP/IP receive buffer. A value of 0 (the default) causes the buffer size to adjust dynamically. This parameter usually does not need to be set, but it can be set to a value up to 10 MiB. The default unit is bytes.
This option helps to solve the cases when the outcome of the resync decision is incompatible with the current role assignment in the cluster. The defined policies are:
No automatic resynchronization, simply disconnect.
Resync to the primary node is allowed, violating the assumption that data on a block device are stable for one of the nodes. Do not use this option, it is dangerous.
Call the
pri-lost handler on one of the machines. The handler is
expected to reboot the machine, which puts it into secondary role.
Configure the shared secret used for peer authentication.
The secret is a string of up to 64 characters. Peer authentication also
requires the
cram-hmac-alg parameter to be set.
Configure the size of the TCP/IP send buffer. Since DRBD 8.0.13 / 8.2.7, a value of 0 (the default) causes the buffer size to adjust dynamically. Values below 32 KiB are harmful to the throughput on this connection. Large buffer sizes can be useful especially when protocol A is used over high-latency networks; the maximum value supported is 10 MiB.
By default, DRBD uses the TCP_CORK socket option to prevent the
kernel from sending partial messages; this results in fewer and bigger
packets on the network. Some network stacks can perform worse with this
optimization. On these, the
tcp-cork parameter can be
used to turn this optimization off.
Define the timeout for replies over the network: if a peer
node does not send an expected reply within the specified
it is considered dead and the TCP/IP connection is closed. The timeout
value must be lower than
connect-int and lower than
ping-int. The default is 6 seconds; the value is
specified in tenths of a second.
Mainline kernels before version 2.6.39-rc1 use an explicit
plug / unplug mechanism to control when a block device starts processing
queued requests. On those kernels, the
parameter defines how many requests must be queued until a secondary
node starts processing them. Some storage controllers perform best when
unplug-watermark is set to the same value as
max-buffers; others are more efficient with smaller
values. The default value for
unplug-watermark is 128,
with a minimum of 16 and a maximum of 131072.
More recent kernels handle plugging and unplugging implicitly; on those kernels, this parameter has no effect. Note that some distributions have backported this feature to older kernel versions.
Each replicated device on a cluster node has a separate bitmap for each of its peer devices. The bitmaps are used for tracking the differences between the local and peer device: depending on the cluster state, a disk range can be marked as different from the peer in the device's bitmap, in the peer device's bitmap, or in both bitmaps. When two cluster nodes connect, they exchange each other's bitmaps, and they each compute the union of the local and peer bitmap to determine the overall differences.
Bitmaps of very large devices are also relatively large, but they usually compress very well using run-length encoding. This can save time and bandwidth for the bitmap transfers.
use-rle parameter determines if run-length
encoding should be used. It is on by default since DRBD 8.4.0.
Online verification (drbdadm
verify) computes and compares checksums of disk blocks
(i.e., hash values) in order to detect if they differ. The
verify-alg parameter determines which algorithm to use
for these checksums. It must be set to one of the secure hash algorithms
supported by the kernel before online verify can be used; see the shash
algorithms listed in /proc/crypto.
We recommend to schedule online verifications regularly during low-load periods, for example once a month. Also see the notes on data integrity below.
on Parameters
Defines the address family, address, and port of a connection endpoint.
The address families
ssocks (Dolphin
Interconnect Solutions' "super sockets"),
(Infiniband Sockets Direct Protocol), and
are supported (
sci is an alias for
ssocks). If no address family is specified,
ipv4 is assumed. For all address families
ipv6, the address is specified in IPV4
address notation (for example, 22.214.171.124). For
ipv6, the address is enclosed in brackets and
uses IPv6 address notation (for example,
[fd01:2345:6789:abcd::1]). The port
is always specified as a decimal number from 1 to 65535.
On each host, the port numbers must be unique for each address; ports cannot be shared.
Defines the unique node identifier for a node in the cluster. Node identifiers are used to identify individual nodes in the network protocol, and to assign bitmap slots to nodes in the metadata.
Node identifiers can only be reasssigned in a cluster when the cluster is down. It is essential that the node identifiers in the configuration and in the device metadata are changed consistently on all hosts. To change the metadata, dump the current state with drbdmeta dump-md, adjust the bitmap slot assignment, and update the metadata with drbdmeta restore-md.
node-id parameter exists since DRBD 9.
Its value ranges from 0 to 16; there is no default.
options Parameters (Resource Options)
A resource must be promoted to primary role before any of its devices can be mounted or opened for writing.
Before DRBD 9, this could only be done explicitly ("drbdadm
primary"). Since DRBD 9, the
auto-promote parameter
allows to automatically promote a resource to primary role when one of
its devices is mounted or opened for writing. As soon as all devices are
unmounted or closed with no more remaining users, the role of the
resource changes back to secondary.
Automatic promotion only succeeds if the cluster state allows it (that is, if an explicit drbdadm primary command would succeed). Otherwise, mounting or opening the device fails as it already did before DRBD 9: the mount(2) system call fails with errno set to EROFS (Read-only file system); the open(2) system call fails with errno set to EMEDIUMTYPE (wrong medium type).
Irrespective of the
auto-promote parameter, if a
device is promoted explicitly (drbdadm
primary), it also needs to be demoted explicitly (drbdadm secondary).
auto-promote parameter is available since DRBD
9.0.0, and defaults to
Set the cpu affinity mask for DRBD kernel threads. The
cpu mask is specified as a hexadecimal number. The default value is 0,
which lets the scheduler decide which kernel threads run on which CPUs.
CPU numbers in
cpu-mask which do not exist in the
system are ignored.
Determine how to deal with I/O requests when the requested data is not available locally or remotely (for example, when all disks have failed). The defined policies are:
System calls fail with errno set to EIO.
The resource suspends I/O. I/O can be resumed by (re)attaching
the lower-level device, by connecting to a peer which has
access to the data, or by forcing DRBD to resume I/O with
drbdadm resume-io
res. When no data is
available, forcing I/O to resume will result in the same
behavior as the
io-error policy.
This setting is available since DRBD 8.3.9; the default policy is
On each node and for each device, DRBD maintains a bitmap of the differences between the local and remote data for each peer device. For example, in a three-node setup (nodes A, B, C) each with a single device, every node maintains one bitmap for each of its peers.
When nodes receive write requests, they know how to update the bitmaps for the writing node, but not how to update the bitmaps between themselves. In this example, when a write request propagates from node A to B and C, nodes B and C know that they have the same data as node A, but not whether or not they both have the same data.
As a remedy, the writing node occasionally sends peer-ack packets to its peers which tell them which state they are in relative to each other.
peer-ack-window parameter specifies how much
data a primary node may send before sending a peer-ack packet. A low
value causes increased network traffic; a high value causes less
network traffic but higher memory consumption on secondary nodes and
higher resync times between the secondary nodes after primary node
failures. (Note: peer-ack packets may be sent due to other reasons as
well, e.g. membership changes or expiry of the
peer-ack-delay timer.)
The default value for
peer-ack-window is 2 MiB,
the default unit is sectors. This option is available since
If after the last finished write request no new write request gets issued for
expiry-time, then a peer-ack packet is sent.
If a new write request is issued before the timer expires, the timer gets reset
expiry-time. (Note: peer-ack packets may be sent
due to other reasons as well, e.g. membership changes or the
peer-ack-window option.)
This parameter may influence resync behavior on remote nodes. Peer nodes need to wait until they receive an peer-ack for releasing a lock on an AL-extent. Resync operations between peers may need to wait for for these locks.
The default value for
peer-ack-delay is 100 milliseconds,
the default unit is milliseconds. This option is available since
startup Parameters
The parameters in this section define the behavior of DRBD at system startup time, in the DRBD init script. They have no effect once the system is up and running.
Define how long to wait until all peers are
connected in case the cluster consisted of a single node only
when the system went down. This parameter is usually set to a
value smaller than
wfc-timeout. The
assumption here is that peers which were unreachable before a
reboot are less likely to be be reachable after the reboot, so
waiting is less likely to help.
The timeout is specified in seconds. The default value is 0,
which stands for an infinite timeout. Also see the
wfc-timeout parameter.
Define how long to wait until all peers are
connected if all peers were outdated when the system went down.
This parameter is usually set to a value smaller than
wfc-timeout. The assumption here is that an
outdated peer cannot have become primary in the meantime, so we
don't need to wait for it as long as for a node which was alive
The timeout is specified in seconds. The default value is 0,
which stands for an infinite timeout. Also see the
wfc-timeout parameter.
On stacked devices, the
wfc-timeout and
degr-wfc-timeout parameters in the configuration
are usually ignored, and both timeouts are set to twice the
connect-int timeout. The
stacked-timeouts parameter tells DRBD to use the
wfc-timeout and
degr-wfc-timeout parameters as defined in the
configuration, even on stacked devices. Only use this parameter
if the peer of the stacked resource is usually not available, or
will not become primary. Incorrect use of this parameter can
lead to unexpected split-brain scenarios.
This parameter causes DRBD to continue waiting in the init script even when a split-brain situation has been detected, and the nodes therefore refuse to connect to each other.
Define how long the init script waits until all peers are
connected. This can be useful in combination with a cluster manager
which cannot manage DRBD resources: when the cluster manager starts,
the DRBD resources will already be up and running. With a more capable
cluster manager such as Pacemaker, it makes more sense to let the
cluster manager control DRBD resources. The timeout is specified in
seconds. The default value is 0, which stands for an infinite timeout.
Also see the
degr-wfc-timeout parameter.
volume Parameters
device /dev/drbd
Define the device name and minor number of a replicated block device. This is the device that applications are supposed to access; in most cases, the device is not used directly, but as a file system. This parameter is required and the standard device naming convention is assumed.
In addition to this device, udev will create
symlinks to the device.
{[disk] |
none }
Define the lower-level block device that DRBD will
use for storing the actual data. While the replicated drbd
device is configured, the lower-level device must not be used directly.
Even read-only access with tools like dumpe2fs(8) and similar is not
allowed. The keyword
none specifies that no
lower-level block device is configured; this also overrides
inheritance of the lower-level device.
meta-disk internal,
meta-disk ,
device [
Define where the metadata of a replicated block
device resides: it can be
internal, meaning that the lower-level
device contains both the data and the metadata, or on a separate
When the
index form of this
parameter is used, multiple replicated devices can share the same
metadata device, each using a separate index. Each index
occupies 128 MiB of data, which corresponds to a replicated
device size of at most 4 TiB with two cluster nodes. We
recommend not to share metadata devices anymore, and to instead
use the lvm volume manager for creating metadata devices as
When the
index form of this
parameter is not used, the size of the lower-level device
determines the size of the metadata. The size needed is 36 KiB +
(size of lower-level device) / 32K * (number of nodes - 1). If
the metadata device is bigger than that, the extra space is not
This parameter is required if a
disk other
none is specified, and ignored if
disk is set to
none. A
meta-disk parameter without a
disk parameter is not allowed.
DRBD supports two different mechanisms for data integrity checking:
first, the
data-integrity-alg network parameter allows
to add a checksum to the data sent over the network. Second, the online
verification mechanism (drbdadm verify
and the
verify-alg parameter) allows to check for
differences in the on-disk data.
Both mechanisms can produce false positives if the data is modified during I/O (i.e., while it is being sent over the network or written to disk). This does not always indicate a problem: for example, some file systems and applications do modify data under I/O for certain operations. Swap space can also undergo changes while under I/O.
Network data integrity checking tries to identify data modification during I/O by verifying the checksums on the sender side after sending the data. If it detects a mismatch, it logs an error. The receiver also logs an error when it detects a mismatch. Thus, an error logged only on the receiver side indicates an error on the network, and an error logged on both sides indicates data modification under I/O.
The most recent example of systematic data corruption was identified as a bug in the TCP offloading engine and driver of a certain type of GBit NIC in 2007: the data corruption happened on the DMA transfer from core memory to the card. Because the TCP checksum were calculated on the card, the TCP/IP protocol checksums did not reveal this problem.
Written by Philipp Reisner
<firstname.lastname@example.com> and Lars
Report bugs to
Copyright 2001-2012 LINBIT Information Technologies, Philipp Reisner, Lars Ellenberg. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
drbd(8), drbddisk(8), drbdsetup(8), drbdadm(8), DRBD User's Guide, DRBD Web Site
This guide describes DRBD version 8.4 and above. For 8.3 please look here.


text:
The Miami Heat basketball squad received their 2012 NBA Championship rings during a ceremony before their season-opener against the Boston Celtics at American Airlines Arena.
While one of the highlights of the ceremony was NBA commissioner David Stern confusing Super storm Sandy with Hurricane Katrina, the real stars of the night were LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and company. You could see the happiness from all of the Heat star's faces as they received their championship rings and it looked to provide motivation going forward.
The Heat played inspired basketball and look determined to defend their title on the way to a repeat.
Check out some images from the ceremony here:


text:
AndroidPIT Forum - Thread "Good headphones wile using droid" This feed contains the most recent forum posts at www.androidpit.com in the thread "Good headphones wile using droid". urn:androidpit:forum:thread:4b7dd2059199c934d05bcb655f11ba4f 2012-07-03T02:37:05Z 2012-07-03T02:37:05Z RE: Good headphones wile using droid Alice Smith urn:androidpit:forum:post:c1de00e82b102155312ff467bda5937f 2012-07-03T02:37:05Z 2012-07-03T02:37:05Z I love music and I really want to get a high quality headphone. I think the in-ear headphones are much better for me. I love the Beats By Dre so I love to get them online at www.beatsbydreaustralian.com Beats By Dre online. Alice Smith 2012-07-03T02:37:05Z RE: Good headphones wile using droid louie zmich urn:androidpit:forum:post:8579e6695a22768caf9d1eaa103e43ae 2011-01-13T03:33:40Z 2011-01-13T03:33:40Z thank you, I took everything you said into consideration and just got the skullcandy inked headphones in black. they are so awesome the bass is great and the small setting on them fits perfectly! louie zmich 2011-01-13T03:33:40Z RE: Good headphones wile using droid Douglas Carter urn:androidpit:forum:post:6be23c36ac4ea6ae5ff97e6c8944850a 2011-01-12T13:38:31Z 2011-01-12T13:38:31Z I remember reading somewhere several months ago that a very large percentage of all earbuds share many identical internal components.

Plenty of different brands sell their own headphones, but most of the different brands' earbuds are different only in the color, branding, small outer design changes, and price.

Since you said that having the earbuds falling out was important for you, then I'd definitely recommend buying a set with the removable rubber "cushions" that you attach. Getting one with 3 different sizes would also be a good idea, to make sure it fits your ear right.

You still haven't mentioned what your price range is.

Some of the more famous good brands include Sennheiser, Shure, and Skullcandy, but there are also other good brands. One last suggestion: if you go cheap, you'll know it. If you want something to last awhile, you're going to have to get something more expensive that $20-30. Douglas Carter 2011-01-12T13:38:31Z RE: Good headphones wile using droid louie zmich urn:androidpit:forum:post:9f044430276e822d5c1ae9780e4ff99b 2011-01-11T22:14:22Z 2011-01-11T22:14:22Z thank you for such a detailed responded I enjoyed reading it. well I think I'm more to the earbud side but would like something that doesn't fallout when I work out and block out the other noises. so Idk what brand to choose louie zmich 2011-01-11T22:14:22Z RE: Good headphones wile using droid Douglas Carter urn:androidpit:forum:post:22a1fa86bf46d38cb88373aed559dbcf 2011-01-11T13:03:58Z 2011-01-11T13:00:46Z I would first ask you what you are looking for in headphones. Do you really want headphones, or are you more interested in earbuds?

If you want headphones, do they have to be collapsible/foldable so that they can be made smaller and packed easier?

If size and space are no problem, what about price? Are you willing to spend more than $30? $50? $80? $100 or more?

I have a pair of Skullcandy Lowriders that look like this:

They are nice because of the long cord, foldability, and relatively powerful speakers. However, they have a hard time staying on my head sometimes and don't isolate foreign sounds while listening to music. Douglas Carter 2011-01-11T13:00:46Z Good headphones wile using droid louie zmich urn:androidpit:forum:post:76ba9583484bcceb404d88e312f81d2f 2011-01-11T04:41:45Z 2011-01-11T04:41:45Z I love how you can use your
 Droid as a music player as well. anyone have any suggestions on what headphones to buy? I'm looking at the beats or skull candies but Idk. any suggestions? thanks. louie zmich 2011-01-11T04:41:45Z


text:
Luigi Zingales
- This website concept for economist Luigi Zingales would serve as a platform to share ideas and opinions surrounding economics and pro-market populism. The minimalist design invites users to explore these topics while leveraging straight-forward information graphics to make them more accessible.
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text:
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text:
ARTIST OF THE DAY: Chalermphol Harnchakkham
Chalermphol Harnchakkham is a Bangkok-based graphic designer and illustrator, whose colorful art creations regularly adorn apparel worn worldwide. Looking through his impressive portfolio, you'll quickly uncover that Harnchakkham has a special affinity towards water, as he frequently uses it as a motif in his renderings. Whether it's tidal waves or calm blue oceans, Harnchakkham manages to find ways to integrate H2O into his work with devastatingly beautiful results.
Posted on Friday, August 16th at 04:17PM with 16 notes
tagged as: artist of the day,
tagged as: artist of the day,
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Bob Lankard © CTW Features
After You Hit 'Send'
What if you sent out résumés and the phone doesn't ring, the in box doesn't ping and the mailbox remains empty? It's a very common experience in the 2011 job-searching scene. The ratio of interviews to résumé submission is remarkably low – perhaps five interviews for 100 résumés. Most jobseekers just sigh and forget about that job of their dreams. Nonetheless, don't just send your résumé and forget it. I recommend following up with each résumé sent. "What good could that do?" I have been asked. Employers are more likely to interview those who follow up. Those in hiring authority say follow-up demonstrates interest and makes the person stand out. Follow-up will give you some input on your status with each job. Follow-up following a submitted résumé should either be by email, phone call or letter, in that order. Follow these guidelines to make follow-up effective: • Keep the conversation brief and scripted. • Maintain detailed records of your contact with the employer. • Contact the hiring authority ten days to two weeks after submitting your résumé. • Include a thank-you for the opportunity as part of your contact. • Make the person answering the phone your ally. • Be realistic. Expect a significant amount of rejection. – Bob Lankard
© CTW Features


text:
bpramakrishnan Started The Discussion:
I have attached herewith ISO 9001 Awareness program tamil material. It can be used for workers training session. Go through the attachment and give your comments. Thanks/Ramakrishnan.BP
madhurit_s - Member Since: Jun 2008
Hi, Mr. Ramakrishnan,
very nice to see the ISO 9001 Awareness program material in tamil which will be very useful for workers to understand. Like that one can anyone pls post ISO 9001 Awareness program in telugu version.
email@example.com - Member Since: Feb 2009
Hello Guys Can any one send me the PPTs on ISO 22000 dos and dont's with regard to quality and hygiene of products for food / hotel industry. Thanks C RAVI
S.R.DESHPANDE - Member Since: May 2009
Hi All,
Thanks ,this concept of local language ISO matl. is quite essential for basic implementations otherwise ISO remains only for annual audits preparations.
Can someone share ISO matl. in Marathi ?
abhash2010 - Member Since: Dec 2009
can we get similar awareness material in hindi too( or any other language ) kindly do share abhash agarwal 9819728288 firstname.lastname@example.com
udayakumar123 - Member Since: Apr 2010
Dear all , The material is good , If you have any good material in tamil for HR kindly share it. Regards V.UdayaKumar 09894313326 firstname.lastname@example.com
Brijesh Kottari - Member Since: Jul 2010
hi Ramakrishnan, This is very usefull but can you please post this same material in english if possible..... regards Brijesh.K HR&Admin Officer
TELIKEPALLI - Member Since: Oct 2009
Dear Friend,
If you possible post the same in English since It is an International forum, there are lot of our cite-Hr members using this forum across the globe, so that everybody can understand. If we post the useful material or something other than English, few people can only understand. Hence I request you to Please post the articles or useful material whatever you feel it is useful to our Cite-Hr members use english language only.
Thanks in advance.
Martha Msiza - Member Since: Oct 2009
Hi The prresentation looks goo as per the comments raised, but can we have the same PPT done in English, please share.
dlotus205 - Member Since: Oct 2010
This link below can show more info, you can find them at: ISO 9001:2008 changes
Best rgs
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text:
Want to Lose Weight? Cultivate the Right Bacteria.
It is becoming more obvious to the medical community that the billions of bacteria that line our intestines are also determined in part by genetics. By luck of the draw, some people have the type of bacteria that are tremendously efficient at utilizing every last calorie. Others have species of bacteria that are less efficient and waste more nutrients. If you're in the former category you will probably put on the pounds faster than those with the less efficient bacteria. It is so far unclear how much genetics and environment each contribute to who gets which and whether interventions short of bariatric surgery can permanently change the bacterial population balance for individuals.
Flying Frogs.
The ability to fly, or at least glide, must have distinct survival advantages since it developed independently in so many animals. In Malaysia and Borneo, Wallace's frog, named for British scientist Alfred Russel Wallace in the 19th century, has developed the ability to parachute out of the trees it calls home and glide for as much as 50 feet to another tree or even onto the ground. The frog has oversized webbing between its toes which give it aerodynamic lift and thick foot pads to give it a soft landing.
Robots Mimic Ants.
With only a few hundred thousands neurons for a brain, it is hard to understand how individual ants act collectively to find the shortest path to their nests and accomplish other tasks that would seem to require much more intelligence. Scientists believe the ants use simple local rules to navigate. For example, when an ant comes to a fork in the road it follows the pheromones left by its peers, but it also is programmed to take the path that deviates the least from the path it was following to the nest. Using sugar-cube sized robots that follow trails of light left by other robots, scientists have noticed that these robots, too, eventually "learn" to take the path of least divergence in completing a maze. Complex behavior arising from simple rules is an important concept that has application for problems as diverse as computer communication and long distance trucking routes.
After 17 Years Underground, They're Coming Again.
Coming in swarms of biblical proportions, Magicicada septendecim, otherwise known as the cicada insect, is about to emerge again on the east coast. Different broods of cicadas hibernate underground for either 13 or 17 years and then reemerge, en masse, in the millions as part of a bizarre life cycle. The east coast brood, known as brood 2, covers an area from Connecticut to North Carolina. Last awaking in 1996, they are scheduled to take over trees everywhere in their range as soon as the ground temperature reaches 64 degree Fahrenheit. Millions of cicadas have been known to take over a single acre of land. And if you're wondering how nature came by the 13 and 17 year intervals think prime numbers. One theory suggests that mathematically, parasites with two-year life cycles would not be able to infect the 17 year cicada more than twice a century.
Invasive Species Hide in Ships' Ballast.
It's an ideal situation for stowaways. Ocean going commercial vessels fill their ballast tanks in one far-flung port and empty them in another. Along for the ride are any number of hitchhiking creatures that enter the ship along with its ballast water. It was just such a mechanism that allowed comb jellyfish from North America to invade the Black Sea and cause a cataclysmic decline in native marine life there. It would seem that a United Nations treaty requiring all international vessels to treat their ballast water would be a reasonable solution. So far, however, the United Nations has declined to act and even powerful countries such as the United States have done little to address the issue.
An Aerial Killing Machine.
Hundreds of millions of years worth of success has honed the dragonfly into an expert aerial hunter. With a hunting success rate of around 95%, the dragonfly puts to shame other predators many of which fail as often as they succeed in bringing down their prey. The amazing ability of a dragonfly to zero in on its flying target, predict the target's future path and then intercept it and eat it in midair is orchestrated by a relatively small but dedicated number of neurons that direct a 360 degree visual system. Entomologists are not alone in their fascination with dragonflies. Military experts would love to duplicate the dragonfly's targeting and interception abilities.
The Greening of Lake Erie.
Large parts of Lake Erie are turning green, a situation that spells major problems for the local ecology. The problem is a primitive life form called cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae. The ultimate cause is a change in local agricultural practices. Farmers now fertilize earlier, and with greater amounts of fertilizer#&8212;a practice that almost insures that extra fertilizer runoff will find its way into the lake. Once the fertilizers make their way into Lake Erie, the cyanobacteria feast and multiply. In the process, the decaying bacterial organisms deplete the lake of oxygen and release toxins, both of which in turn kills fish and other aquatic life. Dead zones, areas where no life exists, will result. If there is any good news it is that agricultural practices can quickly change and eventually reverse the damage.
How Geckos Get a Grip.
Duplicating the stickiness of gecko feet has been an aspirational goal for applied science looking for a better adhesive under wet conditions. In a study of the tiny hairs that give the gecko its excellent velcro-like grip, scientists have noted that the grip depends on the "wettability" of the surface upon which the grip is maintained. Surfaces such as glass have a high wettability index and therefore even gecko grips are weakened on them. On the other hand, hydrophobic surfaces, such as waxy leaves and tree bark, allow a firm grip even when covered with water, such as during a tropical forest downpour.
This Sea Lion Really Rocks.
At the Long Marine Lab at the University of California, Santa Cruz, Ronan, a three-year-old sea lion has proven her ability to bob her head with the beat of various music. Previously, only humans and birds were known to have the ability to keep a beat. However, Ronan can change her moves to suit apparently any beat and demonstrates this in the video. Enjoy.
The Call is Out to Save a Most Unusual Bird.
An American bird known as the Gunnison sagegrouse may be the most endangered bird species in the country. It was discovered only 13 years ago but only an estimated 5,000 animals exist today in a limited range in Colorado. The male bird's unusual courting ritual involves inflatable yellow chest sacs that make popping noises while the bird struts its flamboyant spiny tail feathers. Now the race is on to see whether the bird will become extinct before it makes it through the red tape and delay required to become a classified endangered species.
More at Discovery News.
"The Dirt: This Week in Nature" curated and written by Robert Raciti.
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