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(This report contains items about companies both in bankruptcy and not in bankruptcy. Adds Los Angeles Dodgers, David Barton Gyms, Claim Jumper and Howrey in Updates, and Bank Failure section.)
Sept. 26 (Bloomberg) -- The reorganization of the Viceroy Anguilla Resort and Residences on Anguilla in the British West Indies, which seemed near completion a week ago, could end in dismissal and failure at an Oct. 3 hearing.
U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Peter J. Walsh in Delaware said last week that he wouldn't approve the resort's reorganization plan because it unfairly discriminated among creditors who put down deposits to buy units. Last week, the resort's lawyer said the problem would be solved by filing a revised plan to pay nothing to any erstwhile buyers. No revised plan was filed.
A buyer named Jonathan Simon filed papers last week to dismiss the Chapter 11 case entirely. At a Sept. 23 hearing, Walsh scheduled the dismissal motion for hearing Oct. 3.
Simon said in his dismissal motion that financing from Starwood Capital Group LLC, the lender and proposed buyer, expires at the end of September. He argued that it's proper for the court in Anguilla decide what rights buyers have in the resort's property to recover deposits not held in escrow.
Simon said he understands that Starwood would not sponsor any revised plan, including one giving nothing to buyers. Starwood's reluctance to move ahead may result in part from a prior ruling by Walsh allowing a buyer to have its rights determined by a court in Anguilla.
The resort's reorganization is at the outer limits of the ability of a U.S. court to restructure a project abroad, where the rights of some creditors are not determined by U.S. law. Court papers said that buyers had made $50 million in deposits.
Starwood was the winner of a July auction to determine who would sponsor the reorganization plan. The plan called for Starwood to assume ownership on account of its $370 million secured claim. For details on the plan, click here for the June 15 Bloomberg bankruptcy report.
The resort, over budget, didn't open officially until October 2010. Construction began in 2005. The petition listed assets of $531 million and debt totaling $462 million. The 35- acre project has 166 residences with prices ranging from $600,000 to $6.5 million.
The case is In re Barnes Bay Development Ltd., 11-10792, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware (Wilmington).
Bud Selig Aims to Sell Dodgers, Disqualify Team's Lawyers
Bud Selig, the commissioner of Major League Baseball, initiated a two-front assault on the Los Angeles Dodgers.
The commissioner wants to disqualify the ballclub's two law firms. In addition, he wants the right to file a Chapter 11 plan and sell the team out from underneath the current owner, Frank McCourt, whom he characterizes as "cash strapped."
Selig made the same factual arguments in support of both requests, which are scheduled for hearing Oct. 12, the same day the team has a motion on the bankruptcy court's calendar to sell broadcast rights for the 2014 season and beyond.
The commissioner alleged the Dodgers' two law firms, Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP and Young Conaway Stargatt & Taylor LLP, have a conflict of interest. He claimed they are advancing McCourt's interests rather than those of the team and its stakeholders.
Selig says that if the team were sold in Chapter 11, creditors would be paid in full with perhaps hundreds of millions of dollars left over for McCourt. If the team sells broadcast rights in violation of league rules, it will lead to "severe sanctions," including the termination of the major league franchise, according to the commissioner's papers.
In addition, selling broadcast rights in violation of the existing contract with Fox Entertainment Group Inc. will lead to large damage claims, the commissioner said. A sale of broadcast rights would help McCourt with his immediate financial problems while mortgaging the team's future, Selig said.
The commissioner said the team's two law firms demonstrated a conflict of interest by opposing his superior financing offer for the Chapter 11 case. According to Selig, the firms opposed the league's loan because it would have made McCourt personally liable to pay a $5.25 million fee to the team's proposed lender.
The two law firms are beholden to McCourt and not to the team because he paid their retainers, the commissioner said. Rather than represent what's best for the team, the firms are orchestrating the bankruptcy case to help McCourt "cure his own personal financial woes," the commissioner said.
If the U.S. Bankruptcy Judge in Delaware isn't inclined to allow the commissioner to file a Chapter 11 plan, Selig wants the judge to require the team to make an immediate election between assuming or terminating agreements with Major League Baseball.
The team filed under Chapter 11 on June 27 when it was faced with missing payroll because the commissioner refused to approve an agreement to sell an extension on the existing broadcasting license to Fox. For a summary of the pre-bankruptcy agreement with Fox, click here for the June 28 Bloomberg bankruptcy report. Assets are more than $500 million while debt is less than $500 million, according to the Chapter 11 petition.
The case is In re Los Angeles Dodgers LLC, 11-12010, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware (Wilmington).
Indenture Trustees, Union, PBGC on NewPage Committee
NewPage Corp., the coated paper manufacturer acquired in 2005 by Cerberus Capital Management LP, has an official creditors' committee with nine members. NewPage filed for Chapter 11 protection on Sept. 7.
The committee includes three indenture trustees, the steelworkers' union, the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. and the litigation trustee under the confirmed Chapter 11 plan for Quebecor World (USA) Inc.
For lawyers, the committee selected Paul Hasting LLP and Young Conaway Stargatt & Taylor LLP.
NewPage, based in Miamisburg, Ohio, listed assets of $3.4 billion and debt totaling $4.2 billion. Liabilities include $232 million on a revolving credit plus $1.77 billion on 11.375 percent senior secured first-lien notes. Second-lien obligations include $802 million in 10 percent secured notes and $225 million in floating-rate notes.
In addition to $200 million in 12 percent senior unsecured notes, there is $498 million owing on two issues of floating- rate pay-in-kind notes.
NewPage has 16 paper-making machines operating in seven plants in the U.S. and Nova Scotia. The Canadian affiliate filed for reorganization in Nova Scotia. The company reported a $229 million net loss in the first half of 2011 on revenue of $1.79 billion, following a $674 million net loss in 2010 on revenue of $3.6 billion.
The case is In re NewPage Corp., 11-12804, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware (Wilmington).
Solyndra Executives Take the Fifth in House Hearing
Solyndra LLC's chief executive and its chief financial officer declined to answer questions on Sept. 23 in a U.S. House subcommittee hearing, invoking their rights to avoid self- incrimination under the Constitution's Fifth Amendment. For Bloomberg coverage, click here.
Now that Solyndra managers staked out a position that their testimony might bespeak criminal activity, it remains to be seen whether anyone in the Chapter 11 case, such as the U.S. Trustee, will file a motion for appointment of a Chapter 11 trustee or an examiner.
Before a trustee is appointed, bankruptcy law requires "cause" or the showing of fraud or gross mismanagement by current management. If a bankruptcy judge turns down a motion for a trustee, the judge is obliged in bankruptcy law to appoint an examiner to conduct an examination.
Solyndra has a hearing on the bankruptcy court calendar tomorrow to approve auction and sale procedures intended to sell the assets not later than Dec. 1.
Despite receiving a $535 million government-guaranteed loan, Solyndra filed for Chapter 11 reorganization on Sept. 6 after halting operations. Two days later, it was raided by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, executing a search warrant in conjunction with the U.S. Energy Department.
Solyndra, located in Fremont, California, said assets were $859 million while debt totaled $749 million as of Jan. 1, 2011. When the petition was filed, Solyndra said secured debt was $783.8 million. The startup business was financed in part with $709 million from eight issues of preferred stock, plus $179 million in convertible notes.
Construction of the plant began in September 2009. Production commenced in January 2011, to halt in late August when new financing failed to materialize. Revenue in 2010 of $142 million resulted in a $329 million net loss.
The case is In re Solyndra LLC, 11-12799, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware (Wilmington.)
Whippoorwill Says Committee's Windstar Plan No Good
Secured creditor Whippoorwill Associates Inc. may have the upper hand at a hearing tomorrow where the creditors' committee for the former owner of Windstar Cruises is scheduled to seek court approval for the disclosure statement explaining the committee's proposed liquidating Chapter 11 plan.
The sale of the assets completed, Whippoorwill says that the company only has $1.5 million cash remaining, not enough for full payment on administrative and priority claims that must be paid in full before a plan can be confirmed. Unpaid expenses are $1.8 million, not including additional priority claims that must be paid in full.
The committee's plan would pay unsecured creditors with proceeds from a lawsuit the committee filed against Whippoorwill. The committee's suit alleged that the secured lender controlled Windstar, fabricated the basis for an otherwise unnecessary Chapter 11 filing, and arranged the sale so the price would be enough to cover the debt it was owed plus counsel fees, "but not a dollar more."
Whippoorwill points out how the committee hasn't moved the suit forward since it was filed in May. For a summary of the committee's complaint, click here for the May 19 Bloomberg bankruptcy report.
Windstar's three luxury sailing yachts were sold to The Anschutz Corp. for $35 million cash. Windstar filed under Chapter 11 in April after working out a contract for Whippoorwill to buy the business in exchange for $40 million in secured debt. Anschutz won the auction, beating out Whippoorwill.
The petition said assets are $86.4 million, with debt totaling $87.3 million. Debt includes a first-lien term loan owing to Whippoorwill for $9.6 million. There are $19.7 million in 10 percent second-lien notes, where Whippoorwill holds 88 percent. Whippoorwill was also supplying up to $10 million to finance the Chapter 11 case. In addition, Windstar owes $31.2 million to holders of 3.75 percent convertible notes.
The case is In re Ambassadors International Inc., 11-11002, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware (Wilmington).
David Barton Gyms Confirm Plan on Schedule
Club Ventures Investments LLC and affiliates, the operators of six upscale fitness clubs under the name David Barton Gym, walked out of the confirmation hearing on Sept. 23 with the bankruptcy judge's signature on an order approving the Chapter 11 plan.
Unsecured creditors will share $150,000, for a return of 5.3 percent on claims totaling about $2.8 million.
Bank of America NA, the secured lender, will have its $11.1 million claim reinstated.
LBN Holdings LLC, one of the existing owners, and Praesidian Capital Investors LP, both junior secured lenders, will have ownership interests along with new notes for $11.5 million and $5 million, respectively. LBN was owed at least $22.4 million while Praesidian's debt was $30.6 million.
The gyms filed for Chapter 11 protection in March. Revenue in 2010 was $28.3 million. Total debt was about $65 million, court papers said.
Before bankruptcy, Praesidian and LNB signed a plan-support agreement calling for conversion of their debt to equity.
The clubs are in New York, Chicago, Miami Beach and Seattle. There are 13,500 members, who weren't affected by the plan.
The case is Club Ventures Investments LLC, 11-10891, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Southern District New York (Manhattan).
Claim Jumper to Exit Chapter 11 with Confirmed Plan
The remnants of Claim Jumper Restaurants LLC secured approval of a liquidating Chapter 11 plan at a Sept. 23 confirmation hearing, court records show. Confirmation was made possible through mediation between the official creditors' committee and subordinated noteholder Black Canyon Capital LLC. The committee had been seeking subordination of Black Canyon's claim.
Secured creditors with claims of $69.2 million could expect a 54 percent recovery, according to the disclosure statement.
Early in the case when the business was being sold, secured lenders agreed to a carveout from sale proceeds to obviate objection to the sale from the creditors' committee. The disclosure statement said that the trust for creditors was funded with $1.84 million.
As a consequence of the settlement, Black Canyon won't participate in the trust for unsecured creditors. Instead, it will receive $475,000 from the trust.
Claim Jumper sold the chain of 45 western-themed restaurants to Landry's Restaurants Inc. in a transaction valued at $76.6 million, comprising $48.3 million in cash, the assumption of $23.3 million in debt, and $5 million in cash to collateralize existing letters of credit.
When the sale concluded, the lenders were paid $37.3 million. Claim Jumper changed its name to Goldcoast Liquidating LLC.
In addition to $69.5 million in secured debt, Claim Jumper at the outset of the case said it owed $112 million on subordinated notes. Assets were valued at more than $50 million while debt exceeded $100 million, according to the petition.
The case is In re Goldcoast Liquidating LLC, 10-12819, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, District of Delaware (Wilmington).
Howrey Firm Being Taken over by Chapter 11 Trustee
Partners from the law firm Howrey LLP lost control of the liquidation when the bankruptcy court last week authorized appointment of a Chapter 11 trustee. The firm, once known for expertise in antitrust and intellectual property law, filed under Chapter 11 in June.
In mid-September, Citibank NA, the secured lender, sought either a trustee or conversion of the case to Chapter 7 after deciding to withdraw permission to use cash after Sept. 23. The cash represented proceeds from accounts receivable that were part of the bank's collateral pool.
Citibank complained that $5.8 million of its cash already had been used up for costs of the Chapter 11 case without producing an agreement with the creditors' committee on a budget for a liquidating plan.
With consent from the firm and the committee, the bankruptcy judge on Sept. 22 authorized the U.S. Trustee to select a trustee.
The firm put itself into Chapter 11 in response to an involuntary Chapter 7 petition filed in April by three creditors with $36,600 in unsecured claims.
The involuntary petition was filed in San Francisco, where the firm had one of its 19 offices around the world. The firm shut down March 15.
Howrey's main office had been in Washington. It previously was known as Howrey & Simon and Howrey Simon Arnold & White LLP. At one time, the firm had more than 700 lawyers.
The case is In re Howrey LLP, 11-31376, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Northern District California (San Francisco).
Truck Wheel Importer Trade Union Confirms Reorganization Plan
Trade Union International Inc., an importer and distributor of aftermarket aluminum wheels and truck accessories, confirmed a reorganization plan this month in Riverside, California where the owners maintain control in return for a contribution of about $500,000.
The secured bank debt of some $11.5 million was rolled over into a new secured obligation. Unaffiliated unsecured creditors with claims of about $900,000 will be paid $750,000 in installments through 2016. The owners in effect subordinated unsecured claims of some $9 million.
The company along with an affiliate filed under Chapter 11 in January after the bank cut off access to the bank account and said sought appointment of a receiver. The filing was made along with Duck House, which supplies sports licensing products. Both are located in Montclair, California and are owned by Wen Ping Chang and Mei Lien Chang.
The companies import from China and Taiwan. They owed $11.5 million to Cathay Bank and China Trust Bank.
The petition says assets and debt both exceed $10 million.
The case is In re Trade Union International Inc., 11-13071, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Central District California (Riverside).
Del Monte Downgraded Following KKR Buyout on Declines in Sales
Del Monte Foods Co., the target of a leveraged buyout completed in March, saw its senior unsecured note rating lowered to CCC on Sept. 23 by Fitch Ratings.
Fitch was reacting to the report for the July 31 quarter showing a 3.5 percent decline in sales. Fitch said liquidity is "adequate."
Fitch noted that operating income declined 58.7 percent as the result of lower sales and higher commodity costs. For the July 31 quarter, the net loss was $27.6 million on net sales of $776.2 million.
San Francisco-based Del Monte is a producer, distributor, and marketer of branded food and pet products. The brands include Del Monte, Contadina, Milk-Bone and Gravy Train.
The buyers were Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. LP, Vestar Capital Partners V LP and Centerview Capital LP.
Standard & Poor's calculated that the LBO increased debt about $2.6 billion.
Bankruptcy Audio & Video
Fairfield Sentry, Nebraska Book, Lehman: Bankruptcy Audio
Fairfield Sentry Ltd., the largest feeder fund for the Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities Inc. Ponzi scheme, made law in two important cases discussed in the bankruptcy podcast with Bloomberg Law's Lee Pacchia and Bloomberg News bankruptcy columnist Bill Rochelle. Rochelle points to Nebraska Book Co. as an example of a company struggling to emerge from bankruptcy as a result of newly-found distaste in the credit markets for junk debt.
Pointing to Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc., Rochelle finds another example where two federal district judges are ruling on the same issue at the same time. The podcast wraps up with a tale about a Florida lawyer who got in trouble for calling a judge's rulings "half-baked." To listen, click here.
In the new Bloomberg bankruptcy video, Rochelle looks at the judge-shopping phenomenon as exemplified in the Madoff case and surveys recent statistics from the credit markets predicting tough times ahead for companies headed toward bankruptcy. To watch, click here.
New Filing
No Lawyer Retained, Petition May Be Dismissed
The owner of a building at 56 Walker Street in Manhattan filed for Chapter 11 protection on Sept. 23, although it remains to be seen how long the case lasts.
The petition was filled out in longhand and signed by an individual identifying himself as the sole member of the company that owns the property. No lawyer signed the petition.
U.S. Bankruptcy Judge Allan Gropper immediately scheduled an Oct. 3 hearing where he will dismiss the case unless the building by then has a lawyer.
Although an individual can go through bankruptcy without a lawyer, corporations or partnerships must have a lawyer or the case will be dismissed.
The petition says the property is worth $11 million while secured debt is $15.2 million.
The property is just below Canal Street in lower Manhattan.
The case is In re 56 Walker LLC, 11-14480, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Southern District New York (Manhattan).
Bank Failure
Virginia, California Bank Failures Bring Year's Total to 73
Bank failures in Virginia and California on Sept. 23 brought the year's total to 73. The two banks' branches were transferred to other banks.
The latest failures cost the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. $305.5 million. Last year, there were 157 bank failures. The failures in 2010 were the most since 1992, when 179 institutions were taken over by regulators.
For Bloomberg coverage, click here.
Advance Sheets
Lehman Investor Suit Not 'Related To' in 7th Circuit
A lawsuit against a non-bankrupt investment vehicle created by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. is on the brink of being sent back to state court.
A family trust invested in real estate through an entity named Lehman Brothers Real Estate Fund III LP. The trust sued for rescission in state court in Chicago. The Lehman fund had the suit transferred to federal court, invoking the bankruptcy jurisdiction of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.
The Lehman fund claimed that the Chicago case was "related to" the Lehman bankruptcy in New York. The family trust filed a motion to remand the suit to Illinois state court.
U.S. District Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer in Chicago began her analysis by noting that the U.S. Court of Appeals in Chicago doesn't adopt the "conceivable effect" basis for finding "related to" bankruptcy jurisdiction.
In respect for Article III of the Constitution, Pallmeyer said that the 7th Circuit requires a showing that a lawsuit will affect distributions to creditors.
There being no evidence in the record to show how the bankrupt Lehman companies could be affected by the Chicago lawsuit, she tentatively said she would remand the suit to state court.
Pallmeyer afforded Lehman 14 days to produce evidence showing how the Chapter 11 case could be affected by the suit.
The case is Mazzolin v. Lehman Brothers Real Estate Fund III LP, 11-953, U.S. District Court, Northern District Illinois (Chicago).
New Consideration Theory Nixed on Debt Reaffirmation
The U.S. Court of Appeals in New Orleans nipped in the bud an emerging line of cases that allow a bankrupt to reaffirm a pre-bankruptcy debt without court approval.
The case involved a reorganized company that signed a new contract with a creditor. The new contract provided that the formerly bankrupt company would make good on a pre-bankruptcy debt. No one sought permission from the bankruptcy court under Section 524 of the Bankruptcy Code to reaffirm the debt.
In an unsigned opinion on Sept. 22, the 5th Circuit rejected the idea that the requirement of court approval to reaffirm a debt can be circumvented by signing a new contract containing new consideration.
Circuit Judge Carolyn D. King was one of the judges on the three-judge panel.
The case is Sandburg Financial Corp. v. American Rice Inc., 11-40301, U.S. 5th Circuit Court of Appeals (New Orleans).
Absolute Priority Rule Terminated in Individual Cases
The absolute priority rule was deleted for individuals in Chapter 11 as a result of 2005 amendments to the Bankruptcy Code, U.S. District Judge Susan Bucklew from Tampa, Florida ruled on Sept. 21. Bucklew also held that the unsecured deficiency claim of the secured creditor was properly in a separate class.
The case involved individuals who were owners of a company in Chapter 11. The company confirmed a plan paying the secured creditor in full over time.
When the secured creditor sued the individuals on personal guarantees, they filed in Chapter 11 and later confirmed a plan where the lender would be paid by the company. Contending the absolute priority rule was violated, the secured creditor argued it was improper to cram down the plan.
Although courts disagree, Bucklew said the governing language in Section 1129(b)(2)(B)(ii) is plain on its face. As revised in 2005, the statute says that an individual can cram down on a dissenting class while retaining property that was in the estate before bankruptcy or acquired later. She said Congress therefore "has done away with the absolute priority rule in the context of individual cases."
Bucklew said that putting the secured creditor's unsecured claim in a separate class from other unsecured creditors didn't amount to improper gerrymandering. The evidence showed that the secured creditor's claims were of a different character, she said.
Bucklew upheld the ruling of the bankruptcy court confirming the individuals' Chapter 11 plans.
The case is SPCP Group LLC v. Biggins, 10-2381, U.S. District Court, Middle District Florida (Tampa).
--With assistance from Dakin Campbell in San Francisco and Dawn McCarty and Michael Bathon in Wilmington, Delaware. Editors: Fred Strasser, Mary Romano
To contact the reporter on this story: Bill Rochelle in New York at email@example.com.
To contact the editor responsible for this story: John Pickering at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Shrewsbury Choral Society appointed Dr Martin Charles Cook as Musical Director in July 2014.
Dr Martin Cook originally trained at the Royal Northern College of Music, where he studied piano and piano accompaniment. After graduating he emigrated to Canada where he worked, for four years as a school music specialist in Newfoundland. It was in this role that he was first noticed as a choral conductor and as a result went on to study choral conducting at Boston University.
After returning to the UK he developed his career in teaching, his last post being as Director of Music at The Blue Coat School in Liverpool, but he maintained an active musical career beyond the classroom, both as a pianist and a conductor. His high school choirs toured regularly throughout Europe, performing in Venice, in San Marco, Vienna, St Stephen's and Votivkirke, Maastricht in the Basilica, Prague in St Nicholas', and in the cathedrals of St Sebastian and Santander in Cantabria. For ten years he conducted the Chester Music Society Junior Choir and under his direction they twice reached the semi-finals in "The Sainsbury's Choir of the Year Competition" and also received awards at the Montreux International Choral Festival and The Riva del Garda International Choral Festival. From 1997 – 2009 Martin was Musical Director of Sandbach Voices. Under his direction they performed many of the major choral works, including Handel's Messiah, Bach's B minor Mass, Brahms' Requiem, Mendelssohn's Elijah, Rossini's Stabat Mater, Haydn's Creation and a host of other works.
In 2009 Martin was offered an Assistantship at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA in order to study for a Doctor of Musical Arts degree in Choral Conducting. While there he assisted in the delivery of music theory courses, conducted the All Collegiate Choir and taught conducting to undergraduates. His dissertation is: "A Survey of The Sacred Choral and Orchestral works of Sir Henry Walford Davies (1869-1941). After completing his degree he worked in Cedar Rapids, Iowa as Director of Music Ministries at Christ Episcopal Church for a year, before returning the UK. He returned in November 2013 and is now working as a freelance conductor and teacher of Piano, Organ and Voice.
The Society appointed William Hayward as accompanist in September 2013.
William Hayward trained at the Royal College of Music under Sir Adrian Boult, Herbert Howells, Richard Latham, James Lockhart and Richard Austin.
As a concert organist he has given recitals in Notre-Dame, Paris, Westminster Abbey and Gent Cathedral, Belgium, and was Master Of The Music at Shrewsbury Abbey from 1995 to 1999.
As a composer he has written nine oratorios, most recently Mary Of Nazareth (composed in 2008) and a good deal of instrumental music.
With singing star Russell Watson he has appeared as conductor at prestigious venues worldwide including Carnegie Hall, Sydney Opera House and the new Oscars Centre in Hollywood, Kodak Theatre, which he opened with the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra. There have also been tours to Japan. the Philippines and New Zealand.
William has also been working with Welsh mezzo-soprano Katherine Jenkins, appearing as pianist with her in the Tsunami Relief Concert at Cardiff Millennium Stadium, and conducting her second album Second Nature.
He also arranges for many artistes including Blake and The Soldiers and has made several recordings with the City Of Prague Orchestra.
Organ appearances in 2013 include Aberystwyth University, where William will play for the annual Graduation ceremonies: Carlisle Cathedral, where Shrewsbury Abbey Choir will sing for a weekend during the Cathedral Choir holidays: and Ghent Cathedral in Belgium, where William will give a recital in the International Organ Festival.

subset: commoncrawl


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Influence of PGPR on growth, essential oil and nutrients uptake of sweet Basil Kourosh ordookhani, Shahram Sharafzadeh, Mahdi Zare.
Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), is a culinary herb of major importance. Most culinary and ornamental basils are cultivars of the species Ocimum basilicum, but other species are also grown and there are many hybrids between species. The genus of Ocimum, of the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae), include at least 60 species and numerous varieties [1]. Ocimum spp. contain a wide range of essential oils rich in phenolic compounds and a wide array of other natural products including polyphenols such as flavonoids flavonoids,
n.pl common plant pigment compounds that act as antioxidants, enhance the effects of vitamin C, and strengthen connective tissue around capillaries. and anthocyanins [2]. Leaves and flowering parts of O. basilicum are traditionally used as antispasmodic antispasmodic /an·ti·spas·mod·ic/ (-spaz-mod´ik)
1. preventing or relieving spasms.
2. an agent that so acts.
adj. , aromatic, carminative carminative /car·min·a·tive/ (kahr-min´ah-tiv)
1. relieving flatulence.
2. an agent that relieves flatulence.
adj. , digestive, galactogogue, stomachic sto·mach·ic
An agent that improves appetite and digestion.
1. Of or relating to the stomach.
2. Beneficial to or stimulating digestion in the stomach. , and tonic agents [3,4]. Fresh basil is used as an ingredient in various dishes and food preparations, especially in the Mediterranean cuisine. Due to its antimicrobial [5,6] and insecticidal [7] activity and very pleasant aroma, basil essential oil is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and aromatherapy industries.
Sweet basil is a widely grown aromatic crop cultivated either for production of essential oil, dry leaves for the fresh market, or as an ornamental [8,9]. Within this species, there is a significant variation in phenotype and chemotype in terms of oil content and oil composition [9-11]. Today, utilization of biofertilizers such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has become a feasible production practice. PGPR can enhance plant growth, nitrogen fixation, hormone production, plant nutrition and also control of plant diseases. Different PGPR including associative bacteria such as Azospirillum, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter have been used for their beneficial effects on plant growth [12,13]. Many marketable biofertilizers are mainly based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that exert beneficial effects on plant development often related to the increment of nutrient availability to host plant [14].
The objective of this work is to determine the effect of inoculating Ocimum basilicum root with PGPR (Pseudomonas putida strain 41, Azotobacter chroococcum and Azosprillum lipoferum) on growth and essential oil yield.
Materials and methods
Applied PGPR contained Pseudomonas putida strain 41, Azotobacter chroococcum strain 5 and A. lipoferum strain OF. To provide microbial inoculants, PGPR were inoculated in nutrient broth medium. Each bacterium was then removed at the end of logarithmic growth phase, and was asepticcally transferred to plastic containers containing sterile perlite perlite
or pearlstone
Natural glass with concentric cracks such that the rock breaks into small, pearl-like bodies. It is formed by the rapid cooling of viscous lava or magma. and was then mixed well. PGPR concentration was adjusted to 1x108 (CFU/gr) in all inoculants.
Growth condition and plant materials:
This study was conducted in experimental glasshouse of Islamic Azad University Islamic Azad University (Persian: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی , Dāneshgāh-e Āzād-e Eslāmi) is a private chain of universities in Iran. , Firoozabad Branch (28[degrees]35' N, 52[degrees]40' E; 1327 m above sea level).
Ocimum basilicum L. seeds were inoculated and sown in a soil field, mixed with waterworn sand and peat (1/3, v/v each of them), in pots containing 7 kg of the mentioned (mixed) soil. Seven PGPR treatments were considered (Pseudomonas putida, Azotobacter chroococcum, A. lipoferum, P. putida + A. chroococcum,P. putida + A. lipoferum, A. chroococcum + A. lipoferum and P. putida + A. chroococcum + A. lipoferum). A non-inoculated treatment was set as control and N fertilizer was added to all the treatments according to the soil test. Shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot height, N,P,K content were determined at full bloom stage. Isolation of essential oils was performed using hydrodistillation of 20 g sample of dried shoots by using a Clevenger-type apparatus over 4 hours. The oils were dried over sodium sulphate and the yields of the essential oils (w/w) were calculated. The physicochemical properties of the soil were also determined (Table 1).
Statistical analyses:
Experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Three pots were assigned for a replicate. Means were compared with Duncan's new multiple range test (DNMRT) in SAS (1) (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, www.sas.com) A software company that specializes in data warehousing and decision support software based on the SAS System. Founded in 1976, SAS is one of the world's largest privately held software companies. See SAS System. software for windows.
Results and discussion
The results showed that the PGPR have the capacity to enhance Ocimum basilicum growth. Data explained significantly differences between applied PGPR treatments on shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot height, N,P,K content and essential oil yield (Table 2). Maximum Root wet weight (3.96 g/plant), N content (4.72%) and essential oil (0.82%) were observed in the Pseudomonas + Azotobacter + Azosprillum treatment which was significantly different when compared to other treatments (Fig. 3, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7).
Maximum shoot fresh weight (61 g/plant), shoot dry weight (8.47 g/plant) and root dry weight (0.87 g/plant) were found in the Pseudomonas + Azotobacter + Azosprillum treatment which which was significantly different when compared to other treatments except Azotobacter + Azosprillum treatment (Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4). Minimum of all factors were observed in the control treatment which had differed significantly from other treatments.
Other reports showed beneficial effect of PGPR on plant growth. Increased nutrient uptake by plants inoculated with plant-growth promoting bacteria has been attributed to the production of plant growth regulators at the root interface, which stimulated root development and resulted in better absorption of water and nutrients from the soil [15,17]. PGPR can improve plant growth, plant nutrition, root growth pattern, plant competitiveness and responses to external stress factors. Many microorganisms in the soil are able to solubilize sol·u·bi·lize
To make substances such as fats soluble in water by the action of a detergent or similar agent. 'unavailable' forms of K-bearing minerals, such as micas, illite Illite is a non-expanding, clay-sized, micaceous mineral. Illite is a phyllosilicate or layered silicate. Structurally illite is quite similar to muscovite or sericite with slightly more silicon, magnesium, iron, and water and slightly less tetrahedral aluminium and interlayer and orthoclases, by excreting organic acids which either directly dissolve rock K or chelate chelate
Any of a class of coordination or complex compounds consisting of a central atom of a metal (usually a transition element) attached to a large molecule (ligand). silicon ions to bring the K into solution [18,21]. Bacterial inoculation also significantly increased nutrient contents by plants. Already reported increased N content of Adhatoda vasica plants inoculated with different strains of A. chroococcum [22]. Researches reported better response of Ocimum basilicum plants inoculated with consortia of G. fasciculatum, P. fluorescens and Bacillus megaterium [23].
The results indicated, in the PGPR treatments, all factors were higher in the Pseudomonas + Azotobacter + Azosprillum and Azotobacter + Azosprillum treatments, which stated a positive synergistic interactions between them whereas found an antagonistic interactions between usage of Pseudomonas + Azotobacter and Pseudomonas + Azosprillum treatment on Ocimum basilicum growth compared to the other PGPR treatments. A few studies in the literature comparing the efficacy of combinations of beneficial rhizobacteria to single strain inoculation showed that mixed inoculate in·oc·u·late
1. To introduce a serum, a vaccine, or an antigenic substance into the body of a person or an animal, especially as a means to produce or boost immunity to a specific disease.
2. can lead to a competitive process by which plant growth may be reduced [24,25]. Abbass showed that Azotobacter has positive effects on plant growth [26]. Synergistic effects of combined inoculation of PGPRs have also been reported in various crops, for examples tomato [27], potato [28], rice [29] and sugar beet and barley [30].
This research was supported by Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad Branch, Iran. I would like to thank Dr. Hassan Zare Neirizi for his help.
[1.] Sirvastava, A.K., 1982, Farm Bull.(16) CIMAP. Lucknow, India.
[2.] Phippen, W.B. and J.E. Simon, 1998. Anthocyanins in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). J Agr Food Chem., 46: 1734-1738.
[3.] Morales, M.R. and J.E. Simon, 1996. New basil selections with compact inflorescences for the ornamental market, In: Janick J (ed.), Progress in new crops. Arlington: ASHS Press., pp: 543-546.
[4.] Grayer, R.J., G.C. Kite, F.J. Goldstone, S.E. Bryan, A. Paton and E. Putievsky, 1996. Infraspecific in·fra·spe·cif·ic
Occurring within a species.
Occurring within a species; intraspecific. taxonomy and essential oil chemotypes in sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum. Phytochemistry phytochemistry,
n the scientific study and classification of the chemical constituents of plants. ; 43: 1033-1039.
[5.] Bozin, B., N. Mimica-Dukic, N. Simin and G. Anackov, 2006. Characterization of the volatile composition of essential oils of some Lamiaceae spices and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the entire oils. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54: 1822-1828.
[6.] Suppakul, P., J. Miltz, K. Sonneveld, S.W. Bigger, 2003, Antimicrobial properties of basil and its possible application in food packaging. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 3197-3207.
[7.] Bowers, W.S., R. Nishida and Juvocimenes, 1980, Potent juvenile hormones mimics from sweet basil. Science, 209: 1030-1332.
[8.] Simon, J.E., J., Quinn, R.G., Murray and Basil, 1990, source of essential oils. In Advances in new crops; Janick, J., Simon, J. E., Eds.; Timber Press: Portland, OR; pp: 484-489.
[9.] Topalov, V.D. and Basil, 1962. In Essential oil and medicinal plants; Topalov, V. D., Ed.; Hr. G. Danov Press: Plovdiv, Bulgaria, pp: 200-209.
[10.] Javanmardi, J., A. Khalighi, A. Kashi, H.P. Bais and J.M. Vivanco, 2002. Chemical characterization of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) found in "local" accessions and used in traditional medicines in Iran. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50: 5878-5883.
[11.] Simon, J.E., M.R., Morales, W.B., R.F. Phippen, Vieira, Z. Hao and Basil, 1999. A source of aroma compounds and popular culinary and ornamental herb. In Perspectives on new crops and new uses; Janck, J., Simon, J. E., Eds.; ASHS Press: Alexandria, VA, pp: 499-505.
[12.] Kloepper, J.W. and C.J. Beauchamp, 1992. A review of issues related to measuring of plant roots by bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 38: 1219-1232.
[13.] Ho"flich, G., W. Wiehe and G. Kuhn, 1994. Plant growth stimulation with symbiotic and associative rhizosphere rhi·zo·sphere
The soil zone that surrounds and is influenced by the roots of plants.
The soil zone that surrounds and is influenced by the roots of plants. microorganisms. Experientia, 55: 897-905.
[14.] Vessey, K.J., 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant Soil, 255: 571-586.
[15.] Kloepper, J.W., R.M. Zablowicz, B. Tipping and R., Lifshitz, 1991. Plant growth mediated by bacterial rhizosphere colonizers. In: Keister, D.L., Gregan, B. (Eds.), The rhizosphere and plant growth, 14. BARC Symposium, pp: 315326.
[16.] Zimmer, W., K. Kloos, B. Hundeshagen, E. Neiderau and H., Bothe, 1995. Auxin auxin (ôk`sĭn), plant hormone that regulates the amount, type, and direction of plant growth. Auxins include both naturally occurring substances and related synthetic compounds that have similar effects. biosynthesis and denitrification de·ni·tri·fy
tr.v. de·ni·tri·fied, de·ni·tri·fy·ing, de·ni·tri·fies
1. To remove nitrogen or nitrogen groups from (a compound).
2. in plant growth promotion bacteria. In: Fendrik, J., De Gallo Vandeleyden, J., De Zamoroczy, D. (Eds.), Azospirillum VI and related microorganisms, Series G:Ecological, 37: 120-141.
[17.] Ho"flich, G. and G., Ku"hn, 1996, Fo"rderung das Wachstums und der Na"hrstoffaufnahme bei kurziferen O" l- und Zwischenfruhten durch inokulierte Rhizospherenmikroorganismen. Zeischrift fu" r Pflanzenerna "hrung und Bodenkunde, 159: 575-578.
[18.] Groudev, S.N., 1987.. Use of heterotrophic heterotrophic /het·ero·tro·phic/ (-tro´fik) not self-sustaining; said of microorganisms requiring a reduced form of carbon for energy and synthesis. microorganisms in mineral biotechnology. Acta Biotechnology, 7: 299-306.
[19.] Friedrich, S., N.P. Platonova, G.I. Karavaiko, E. Stichel and F. Glombitza, 1991. Chemical and microbiological solubilization of silicates. Acta Biotechnology, 11: 187-196.
[20.] Ullman, W.J., D.L. Kirchman and S.A., Welch 1996. Laboratory evidence for microbially mediated silicate mineral dissolution in nature. Chemical Geology, 132: 11-17.
[21.] Bennett, P.C., W.J. Choi and J.R., Rogera, 1998. Microbial destruction of feldspars. Mineral Management, 8(62A): 149-150.
[22.] ANANTHA NAIK, T., 2006. Biological and Molecular characterization of Azotobacter chroococcum isolated from different Agroclimatic zones of Karnataka and their influences on growth and biomass of Adhatoda vasica Nees. MSc.,(Agri.) thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore History
The rulers of Mysore kingdom (The Wodeyars) felt the need to establish research units in the field of agriculture and donated about 30 acres of land to set up an Experimental Agricultural Station at Hebbal, then on the outskirts of Bangalore. , India.
[23.] HEMAVATHI., VITTAL NAVI., B.S. SIVAKUMR, C.K. SURESH AND N. EARANNA, 2006. Effect of Glomus glomus /glo·mus/ (glo´mus) pl. glom´era [L.]
1. a small histologically recognizable body composed of fine arterioles connecting directly with veins, and having a rich nerve supply.
2. fasciculatum and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on growth and yield of Ocimum basilicum. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 19: 17-20.
[24.] Chiarini, L, A. Bevivino, S. Tabacchioni and C. Dalmastri, 1998. Inoculation of Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterobacter sp. on Sorghum bicolor bicolor
a coat color of two colors. In dogs, usually black with tan markings but may be other combinations such as ticking on a white background. In cats, more than two spots of color on the body, either white and one basic color, or white with one tabby color. : root colonization and plant growth promotion of dual strain inocula. Soil Biol Biochem., 30 :81-87.
[25.] Probanza, A., J.A. Lucas Garcia, M. Ruiz-Palomino, B. Ramos and F.J., Gutierrez-Maero, 2002. Pinus pinea L. seedling growth and bacterial rhizosphere structure after inoculation with PGPR Bacillus (B. licheniformis CECT5106 and B. pumilus CECT 5105). Appl Soil Ecol, 20: 75-84.
[26.] Abbass, Z., Y., Okon, 1993. Plant growth-promotion by Azotobacter paspali in the rhizosphere. Soil Biol. Biochem., 25: 1075-1083.
[27.] Gamalero, E., M.G. Martinnoti, A. Trotta, P. Lemanceau and G., Berta, 2004. Morphogenetic morphogenetic /mor·pho·ge·net·ic/ (mor?fo-je-net´ik) producing growth; producing form or shape. modifications induced by Pseudomonas fluorescens A6RI and Glomus mosseae BEG12 in the root system of tomato differ according to plant growth conditions. New Phytol phy·tol
A liquid alcohol used in the synthesis of vitamins E and K. ., 155: 293300.
[28.] Kundu, B.S. and A.C. Gaur Gaur, ruined city, India
Gaur (gour), ruined city, West Bengal state, India. Known also as Lakhnauti, the city was an ancient Hindu capital of Bengal. It was captured (c. , 1980. Effect of phosphobacteria on the yield and phosphate uptake of potato crop.Curr. Sci., 49: 159.
[29.] Tiwari, V.N., L.K. Lehri and A.N. Pathak, 1989. Effect of inoculation crops with phosphomicrobes. Exp. Agr., 25: 47-50.
[30.] Cakmakci, R., F. Kantar and OF. Algur, 1999. Sugar beet and barley yields in relation to Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum inoculation. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 162: 437-442.
Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad Branch, Iran
Kourosh Ordookhani, Shahram Sharafzadeh, Mahdi Zare: Influence of PGPR on Growth, Essential Oil and Nutrients Uptake of Sweet Basil
Corresponding Author
Kourosh ordookhani, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad Branch, Iran E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Tel:+989179114470 Fax: +987116277937.
Table 1: physicochemical properties of soil used Parameter value Electrical conductivity ([dsm.sup.-1]) 0.83 PH of Saturated soil solution 7.43 Clay (%) 14 Silt (%) 32 Sand (%) 54 Nitrogen (%) 0.037 Organic carbon (%) 0.41 Phosphorous (ppm) 7 Potassium (ppm) 292 Iron (ppm) 4.11 Zinc (ppm) 1.02 Table 2: Variance analysis of shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot height, N,P,K content and essential oil yield in sweet basil SOV Degree of Shoot height Shoot fresh Shoot dry Freedom (df) (cm) weight weight (gr/plant) (gr/plant) Block 3 35.28 ns 5.37 ns 0.208 ns Treatments 7 326.64 ** 263.33 ** 5.36 ** C.V% 8.29 5.42 6.22 SOV Root fresh Root dry N (%) P (%) weight weight (gr/plant) (gr/plant) Block 0.068 ns 0.0031 ns 0067 ns 0.00006 NS Treatments 2.06 ** 0.075 ** 1.26 ** 0.012 ** C.V% 7.52 6.69 5.9 5.54 SOV K (%) Essential oil yield (%) Block 0.0087 NS 0.00005 ns Treatments 1.41 ** 0.059 ** C.V% 7.27 3.47 Ns, ** are levels of significance (not significant, p<0.01 respectively) Sov: sources of varition
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My 'lil white Siamese cuddle buddy. (Taken with Instagram)
Taken with Instagram at French Market
Oh just my future apartment. I wish. #nola (Taken with Instagram at The French Quarter)
so I'm going back to using my other tumblr
because I don't like having two so I need to delete one
and models-harmonicas and I just go way back. y'know?
nah I dunno I'm just trying to clean up my life and why have two tumblrs.
"But a song was never just a song for him. The alchemy of words, melody, and harmony operated like a main line to the emotional channels in his body and brain. Music was his only feeling channel. Songs he played at gigs, songs he sang with me at home, songs whose structures and patterns he dissected and analyzed in academic articles—these songs were the alpha and omega of his emotional life."
—Nica Strunk, "Someone to Watch Over Me."
Photograph Credit Gail Albert Halaban.
The Villainess by Jeannine Hall Gailey.
So am I the only one who sees a really red sunrise and thinks "Blood has been spilled this night." in like a really serious voice?
I get really suspicious when my cat jumps up on my lap smelling like flowers and shampoo. where the hell have you been, cat. there's nothing in this house that smells that good.
One of my favorite papers I wrote as an undergrad was relating Kant's theory of the Sublime to Hitchcock's films, and how we are inherently attracted to things that terrify us - provided that we're safely distanced from it. I dunno man. Hitchcock knew what was up. So did Kant.


text:
Stingrays set to sign Canadian McIntosh
Posted: June 14, 2012|
Hull Stingrays' coach Sylvain Cloutier has stressed the signing of Colin McIntosh is not yet a "done deal."
The 24-year-old Canadian forward's Northland College team-mates have already been tweeting their congratulations on his move to Britain for the 2012-13 season.
However, Cloutier told the Mail late last night as far as he is concerned that is premature.
He said: "I've been talking to him, and I've got the word from his agent that the deal is agreed, but you never know until you get the contract with a player's signature on it. Even then you can still sign a player and he goes elsewhere."


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text: GamesBeat Minecraft could be huge in Japan thanks to Wii U Above: The block-building game Minecraft.Image Credit: Mojang June 22, 2014 10:10 AM William Usher 0 This post has not been edited by the GamesBeat staff. Opinions by GamesBeat community writers do not necessarily reflect those of the staff.What's the status of Minecraft for the Nintendo Wii U console? We still have no headway just yet. Mojang and 4J Studios (the developer that handles the console versions) are working endlessly to port, fix, and update Minecraft for multiple platforms (it's already on PC, mobile, Xbox 360, and PS3 and coming to PS4, Xbox One, and Vita). If you look, a pretty important system is missing from that lineup, one that seems like it would be a great fit for the game: the Wii U. Why is the Wii U not on that list? Well, previous rumors pointed to the design team had in their possession some Wii U development kits and that the game was at least on the development platter alongside the PS4 and Xbox One version, according to Nintendo Enthusiast. Later, however, Marcus "Notch" Persson, the creator of Minecraft, said that while he had no knowledge of the game being in development for the Wii U, a version of the game for Nintendo's system would make perfect sense. Well, Notch isn't alone in thinking that Minecraft would be a great fit for a Nintendo console, because Shigeru Miyamoto seems to feel the same way. The designer of some of Nintendo's most landmark games discussed the possibilities of a Wii U version of Minecraft in recent interview conducted by Kotaku. "I haven't played it myself, but I have heard quite a bit about it, I think [Shinya] Takahashi knows more about it than I do. But I like that style of game, and I look at Mario Maker as being something in a similar vein. Our hardware is the only hardware that you can do both the touch control and stick control. Maybe we're meeting with them! Who knows?" It would have seemed like someone would have made this a top priority at Nintendo. The fit between the style of Minecraft's play mechanics and the goal of focusing on fun and immersion over anything deliberately violent or antagonistic makes Mojang's game prime-time Nintendo bait. Of course, Kotaku took asked Shinya Takahashi, of Nintendo's software team, about the developments of the game on the Wii U. "We've always thought internally that using the [Wii U] GamePad would probably make for a Minecraft that's very easy to play. And, of course, if we were to do something with Minecraft on the 3DS, similarly we would probably do it where it would be easier to play and could probably reach a lot of kids. What's interesting is that, in Japan, Minecraft is not popular in the way it is in the U.S. and Europe, so we've also thought that, if we were able to do a partnership like that, it might bring opportunity to help make Minecraft more popular in Japan." It is an interesting position that Nintendo's in, as Minecraft seems like the sort of game it would have been pursuing a lot sooner than now. If they could get the game on the Wii U before or around spring 2015, it would be a perfect thing to give players until more of its large-scale exclusives release through the summer and fall. More information: nintendo Mojang Shigeru Miyamoto Markus Persson Nintendo of America is consistently amazed and humbled by the passion and loyalty of our fans. Our hope is that this Page can be a place where that excitement can live, thrive and be shared. And while we love your creativity and are he... read more » Mojang AB is a Swedish independent video game developer founded in May 2009 under the name Mojang Specifications by Markus Persson, and most known for creating the popular independent game Minecraft, which is a free-to-build sandbox ga... read more » Shigeru Miyamoto is a Japanese video game designer and producer for Nintendo. Sometimes called "the father of modern video gaming,"he is best known as the creator of some of the best-selling, most critically acclaimed, most enduring, a... read more » Markus Alexej Persson, more commonly known as Notch, is the creator of Minecraft and the owner of Mojang AB. Persson started programming at the age of seven, using his dad's Commodore 128. He produced his first game (a text-adventure)... read more » Powered by VBProfiles Mobile developer or publisher? VentureBeat is studying mobile marketing automation. Fill out our 5-minute survey, and we'll share the data with you.


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"Chicago Fire" recap (2.14): Hockey night in Chicago
It's time for the big test and Dawson is ready to ace her O.W.L.s. She runs after Jones and is actually making good time until he stops to untangle Jones' line from the stairs. Dawson slips and injures herself and Jones just skips away. Worst teammate ever. Dawson hobbles through the rest of the test but misses the cutoff.
Dawson is sitting next to some crutches when Jones and her Pops walk by. He tells Dawson it's better to know she can't hack it now. Jones apologizes for her dad and says he never wanted her to be a firefighter either because girls should cook and clean for firefighters not be firefighters. Oh I almost feel bad for you Jones but you're still a cheater and an asshole.
Donna catches the Chief outside the firehouse and he tells her that he's going to screw everything up. She is willing to take on his baggage but he breaks up with her. Also falling on her sword is Rafferty who admitted that she didn't wait for consent and it taking a three month suspension to work out some of her residual dead fiance issues. She arranged for Dawson to take her spot and tries to make the parting less sorrowful by assuring Shay that they would have gotten into a fight and had an ugly divorce eventually. Maybe it would have ended badly but think of all the sex you're missing out on by ending it now, Rafferty. Shay gives her a hug (but not with her legs) and sends her on her way.
Detective Hairporn calls Severide and says, "You're going to want to see this." Lady, the lesbians always want to see you. While they wait for Keeler to show up she asks what happened to Kelly's hand. He calls it training, which is true if you consider what he did training for a bare knuckle brawl. Keller arrives and they pull him out of his car. Lindsay's gun slips and somehow pistol whips Keeler across the face.
Severide pops into the hospital and apologizes to Katie's mom. She says he was right and she was out of line. She's going to do a better job of parenting Katie. Well, I guess if your baseline is your daughter getting kidnapped there's nowhere to go but up. Katie tells Severide that her mom is taking her to Colorado. She's been having flashbacks and needs time away. She asks Kelly to take care of Otis while she's gone.
The next day the guys are working on their super secret project. Mouch almost electrocutes everyone. Otis shows up looking sad but hitting shit with a hammer should help. At fire safety day Dawson has her foot propped up on a chair and is handing out firefighter badges. Casey gives her a pep talk about retaking the test. She's a firefighter damn it! (forget about the paramedic and medical school stuff). Kelly hands Nathan (the boy from the overturned backhoe) a badge and then says, "I've got a surprise for you." It's a brand new library!
At Molly's Clarke asks Shay for a couple beers for his hockey buddies. Slow down, guys, don't you want to maybe graduate to chocolate milk first? Say gets up on the bar and starts singing like Piper Perabo in Coyote Ugly. No? Fine, that's just what happened in my head. She raffles off her hockey tickets to help buy books for the new library. She also announces that Herrmann's test results are back and he opens them and it looks like the big lug just squeaked by with a pass. As they all celebrate Herrmann's mediocrity, Severide gets a call from Detective Lindsay. The hockey boys give Shay tickets for all the owners of Molly's. They want them to come to a game. Maybe they can introduce you to a nice hockey player Shay. Hockey players are very good with their hands, just saying. Casey finally tells Dawson about the fact that he was leaking blood from his ear. She's mad he lied, again, and he promises this is the last time. Exactly how many "last lies" does this guy get? Cheater Jones shows up to introduce herself to Casey as the new candidate on Truck 81. Well this should be cozy.
Apparently, Keeler has some friends in high places and not even Erin Lindsay's hotness can keep that asshole behind bars. Severide tells Erin to do something or he will. Tune in next week when Shay has to bail Severide out of the clink!


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Anyone with autoimmune disease should avoid collagen fillers
- TxOrchid
- South TX
- 3 years ago
Do some research for yourself. But know there are" no studies showing those with autoimmune disease can safely have injectable collagen fillers." In fact, at least one collagen filler says in the package insert, that the filler is "contraindicated for those with autoimmune diseases." Another insert said collagen filler "could trigger autoimmune disease." I forget which ones but I was researching Radiesse and Scupltra and similar fillers. I have had a medium high ANA, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, fibromyalgia and "unclassified connective tissue disease" (I call it Lupus lite) fairly stable for 30 yrs. Afyter having Radiesse injected in cheeks, within a year my blood tests by my Rheaumatologist show new SLE-Lupus anti-bodies. We're following my labs now as I appear to be going into full blown Lupus. Bummer. So I would say avoid collagen fillers and stick with hylauronic acid only until studies show it's safe. I'm avoiding Sculptra for this reason also. Connective disease does seem to age your skin,, at least in my case. I may also have undiagnosed Sjogren's Syndrome but many of us have super-dry skin and mucous membranes.
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laViv is made up of your own fibroblasts, cells that produce collagen, hyaluronic acid and other structure proteins that made up the skin. This treatment does not produce an instant results as the dermal fillers (Juvederm, Restylane, etc.) because the cells take time to integrate into the skin structure. But once the integration is done, the cells will multiply and live for years. Most patients treated with laViv did not need any repeat treatment for years afterward.
Do a google for "janet david and laviv" for a testimony from a patient treated 7 years ago in a clinical trial.
Hi Tx,
This is really important information for the community. Thank you for passing this along and I will for sure send people looking for information about Autoimmune disorders who are considering getting fillers.
Thank you,


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Media Revolution has appointed Gerard LaFond as veep of marketing and business development. LaFond will promote the growth of the company's client base and will implement marketing and business development strategies. Prior to joining Media Revolution, LaFond was general manager of Citysearch.com — Los Angeles.
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Insight – Chicago pits going quiet, 165 years after shouting began
By Tom Polansek CHICAGO (Reuters) – On a recent morning in the Chicago Board of Trade's soybean futures pit, the trading action looked like this: One trader hiked up a leg onto a metal railing, stretching his hamstring; another passed time bouncing a green rubber ball; a third yawned. Activity in Chicago's 165-year-old open-outcry grain markets has been declining for decades because of computerized trading, which can be executed much faster. …
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Thursday, February 11, 2010
Community | Obits | Editorial & Columnists | Society | Sports | Education | Classified Ads | Calendar of Events | Features | Newsbriefs | Legals | Archives | Subscriptions | Photo Gallery
Pats win district
By BARRY BURLESON
The Marshall Academy Patriots and Lady Patriots are moving on in post-season play.
They brought home first- and second-place trophies, respectively, from the District 1-AA Tournament at Indianola last week. Both open North AA Tournament play Wednesday (of this week) at Leake.
The MA boys (22-7) beat Kirk and North Delta to claim the District 1-AA championship.
The Marshall girls (14-17) stunned North Delta and lost a defensive war versus top-seeded Kirk.
The Patriots let an out-manned Kirk squad hang around much of the first half before exploding for the 68-31 win Friday night.
MA led 14-7 after one quarter but made a run late in the second quarter to go up 29-13 at the break.
In the third, Jordan Wyke and Chase Ferrell combined for 19 points as the Pats pulled away. It was 52-23 at the end of the period.
Wyke finished with 17. Ferrell followed with 13. Jake Omedeo and Mitch Gholson had eight each.
The Marshall Academy boys appeared to be in cruise control in Saturday evening's championship contest. They led North Delta by as many as 14 in the first half and as many as 18 in the second half before winning 56-48.
"We never could really put them away," coach Craig Dailey said. "North Delta has good athletes and has really improved.
"I felt really good about the win."
It was the MA boys' third straight district championship.
Ferrell's steal and lay-up gave MA a 24-10 margin with 4:27 to go in the second quarter. It was 29-19 at the half.
Taylor Maurey's drive and lay-up put the Patriots up 46-28 with :33 ticks to go in the third period.
North Delta didn't quit and made a run in the fourth but the top-seeded Patriots won by eight.
Ferrell was the top gun with 14, followed by Wyke with 12 and Maurey with 10. John Tomlinson had eight.
Named to the all-tournament team were Wyke, Jake Omedeo, Ferrell and Tomlinson.
Next up is North State at Leake. The Pats open Wednesday versus either Lamar or Oak Hill. Hillcrest and Manchester are also on their side of bracket.
"At this point, everybody is good," Dailey said about the task ahead. "We will take what we get and go with it."
Lady Patriots
The Marshall girls avenged a pair of regular season district losses to North Delta by knocking off the Lady Green Wave 35-29 Friday in the tournament.
"That win was huge," Dailey said. "It's been a roller coaster season for the girls – a real tough schedule – but I think it paid off."
The game was a nail-biter throughout.
The Lady Pats were up 7-5 after one quarter. The game was knotted at 13 at the half and at 23 after three periods.
With 3:24 left in the fourth, Kelsey Shaw drained a three to give MA a 30-25 lead and force a North Delta timeout. Shaw later nailed down the win by sinking a pair of free throws with just 20 seconds left.
Shaw earned high-scoring honors with 16. Emily Burk followed with nine and Callie Clanton scored eight.
"Our girls got it done," Dailey said. "I've never been more proud of a group of girls. They wanted it."
The title matchup between Marshall and Kirk Saturday was unique to say the least. Only 14 points were scored in the second half The Lady Raiders escaped with a 29-20 win.
"My goodness, me and Coach (Mike) Reans are both defensive-minded coaches, and it showed," Dailey said. "It was good defense on both ends. Kirk is a solid team. We just couldn't get baskets when we needed them."
It appeared in the early going that Kirk would coast as it led 7-0 with 5:38 to go in the first quarter and 14-4 at the end of the period.
Emma Elgin and Clanton hit back-to-back threes in the second period and trimmed the deficit to 16-10. But the Lady Raiders carried a 23-12 lead to the locker room at intermission.
Elgin opened the second half with two threes. MA trailed 25-18 with 6:13 to go in the third.
Neither team scored again until the 2:46 mark of the fourth quarter – a drought of more than 11 minutes.
Kirk nailed some free throws down the stretch and won by nine.
Elgin scored nine for MA. Clanton added seven.
Named to the all-tournament squad were Burk, Shaw and Clanton.
The Lady Pats play Hillcrest in the opening round of North State Wednesday. Oak Hill and Indianola are also on their side of bracket.
"Bracket-wise, we're opposite Leake and Kirk, but we will have our hands full with Hillcrest," Dailey said. "Everybody is tough at this point."
MA squads wrapped up the regular season on Tuesday of last week with a trip to Class AAA Jackson Academy.
The girls fell 44-31, while the boys lost 66-49.
Burk had 15 points for the Lady Patriots, who led 21-19 at the half.
Wyke scored 20 for the Pats. He hit five threes, four of those in the third quarter. Maurey added 18 points, 14 coming in the first half.
MA trailed 27-24 at halftime.
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At Housing Works in Soho. Starring Greil Marcus, Jace Clayton, Carrie Brownstein, Josh Eels, Charles Taylor, Jace Clayton, Paul Ford, Nick Sylvester, Bill Hogeland, and Jesse Serwer. The dude who wrote that rad essay about being a schoolteacher in New Orleans and how much his students revered ... More >>
Travers with Dylan and Donovan.--Mary Travers, the star and siren of folk's Peter, Paul and Mary, died yesterday. Though the Times obit is weirdly fixated on the beards of the two men that usually flanked her, Pete Yarrow and Paul Stookey, Travers was the consensus star of the group--her voic ... More >>
Punk Frank Portman launches his new book


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Mcallan or Oban?
- greenidentity Sep 28, 2007 04:29 PM
Wanting to get my boyfriend a semi expensive bottle of scotch for his b-day. I know nothign about scotch. I would consider him more in the know, but still a beginner, as he has no staple. I have asked around, and being unable to fin Suntory Yamazaki anywhere (sigh), I think it's down to these 2.
Which one would be best for a beginner?
Both of those two are very good and good for beginners. Myself, I prefer Oban.
Suntory Yamazaki is also excellent. Depending on what state you live in, you may be able to order it on-line.
The Macallan and Oban are both pricey single-malt Scotches. I would not choose either of these for a beginning Scotch drinker. I'd instead opt for a blended Scotch whisky, which tends to be smoother and less full of the peaty, very smoky flavors that make single-malts more challenging and harder for beginners to acquire a taste for.
While I don't drink a lot of Scotch these days, having mostly forsaken it for American ryes and bourbons, I have fond memories from older days of these blends: Chivas Regal (an old fancy standby, very smooth and lightweight), The Famous Grouse, White Horse (a bit rough), Ballantine's, Johnny Walker Red (Black is smoother and pricier, Gold even more so), Grant's 8 Year Old (my budget brand, not so smooth), Dewar's, and Cutty Sark (a fine beginner's Scotch). If you wanted to make it seem more special, you could get one of their longer-aged (17 or 30 year old vs. the typical 12 years of aging) premium brands, which taste smoother, and have more impressive packaging.
re: MC Slim JB
Back in the day, I didn't like scotch because all I knew were the Chivases of the world. I wouldn't go with that at all. A good, moderately pricey single-malt is a much better idea, IMO (and Oban and Macallan are both great choices). If you want particularly smooth, you might go with Tomintoul 16 year, which is not that expensive either. I also disagree with the assertion that the blended, cheaper scotches listed above will be "smoother." Quite to the contrary.
re: tdg
Smooth is in the palate of the beholder, I guess, but I always understood smoothness to one of the major reasons to blend Scotch.
My recs are based on my experiences of trying to educate budding whisky drinkers, many of whom couldn't get past the pointed peat-smoke flavor of most single-malt scotches. If this guy is already on the single-malt Scotch path, an Oban or a Macallan may work for him. But I still say blends are a gentler starting point for neophytes.
re: MC Slim JB
Neither Oban nor Macallan really has much in the way of peat. These are very smooth whiskies. For a special gift, I wouldn't choose a bottle of one of the basic blends, just because they wouldn't seem special, though I like Famous Grouse (which includes a lot of Macallan and the even peatier Highland Park).
Of course, a beginning Scotch drinker may love a heavaily peated Scotch. I'm not convinced that a smoother Scotch somehow prepares you for peat. Some people like peat, some don't and a beginner may have as much chance of liking it as a more experienced drinker (some of whom don't like peat as well).
re: MC Slim JB
I don't think that most single malts have a "pointed peat-smoke flavor," unless you're sampling Islays. Another smooth option with no peat (aside from Tomintoul and Macallan - some people find that Oban has a bit of peat) is Dalwhinnie 15.
In the interest of full disclosure, strong peat was what attracted me to scotch at first (Lagavulin, to be exact). Only more recently have I come to enjoy whiskies with little or no peat. So I definitely agree with sku's second point.
re: MC Slim JB
I just started drinking Scotch. We bought a "gift set" of Macallan (had two lovely glasses) over the holidays and I was hooked. Next we bought Oban (no glasses, alas) and I loved that too. So I think either of these would be a great gift for a beginner. Laphroiag was beautiful too!
I would second going with the Macallan. It is certainly one of the best single-malts whiskies for a novice/beginner to use as an entry point. It is smoother (from aging in sherry casks) and without the peatiness of the single-malts from the west coast & western isles of Scotland. While a good beginner's single-malt, it is also so good that even an experienced drinker can enjoy drinking it for many years.
If you're talking the younger Macallan (the 18 year old is a lot pricier!), I'd go with the Oban.
re: davebough
If he likes a good kick in the teeth with is scotch, Laphroaig is a good choice, as is Macallan Cask Strength. Personally, my old stand-by is Glenlivet, if only because I can find it at Costco and I have some sentiments attached to the brand. Something else to look into is Dalmore Cigar Blend, which I bought as a gift for someone and was pleasantly surprised that it was quite good (always accompanied by a cigar, of course).
I don't think you could go wrong with either Oban or Macallan, but if he's been drinking scotch for a little while, he might want to try something new.
This is a lot of good information. He recently tried the 18 yr old Macallan and LOVED it. Obviously I can't afford to get him that. I'm going to the liquor store tomorrow, would it be ok to get him a 12 yr Macallan since he liked the 18? Or should I try to expand him by getting the Oban?
Such choices in life.
re: greenidentity
The 18 year MacCallan is fantastic -- albeit quite pricey. I got a bottle for a steal in barbados duty free -- $40!
If it comes down to the 12 year mccallan or the oban, i'd definintely opt for Oban though.
If he is daring, I say try an Islay also -- a more advanced scotch -- I like Bowmore, althouhg Laphroig is very good as well.
re: greenidentity
We all have different tastes, different preferences. I enjoy both Oban and The Macallan, but absolutely hate -- OK, "strongly dislike" -- Laphroig and Lagavulin, and I'm not that crazy about Bowmore.
(Malts from Islay . . . . yuck! But that's ME; others can and will swear by them!)
In a "head's up" between The Macallan 12 year Old and Oban 14, I prefer The Macallan, but you won't go wrong with either one.
re: greenidentity
Famous Grouse is the most popular Scotch in...Scotland. That should tell you something. It includes a healthy dose of Macallan as well as Highland Park. It's one of the best blends out there and is quite affordable.
Frankly, Macallan 12, Oban (14 year old is the standard) and Grouse are all good choices. Grouse is much cheaper (I can get it for $25 or so).
re: greenidentity
Famous Grouse is a very old, well-established brand of Blended Scotch Whisky, and -- as sku has already said -- VERY popular, not only in Scotland, but in England as well. It has been available in retail stores in California since at least the 1960s.
re: HPLsauce
Which Macallan? Which Glenlivet?
re: zin1953
Oban is fine. Macallan as well. Highland Park is in the same price neighborhood and a very special single malt.
re: marilyn9
I agree, Marilyn, but I was responding to HPLsauce . . . .
re: zin1953
Each was the readily available 12 year variety. I've also had older, pricier varieties of each, but never done a direct comparison.
re: HPLsauce
Thanks for the response. That surprises me, in that my own personal experience is just the opposite -- I vastly prefer the 12 year Macallan to the 12 year Glenlivet, but I've been impressed by some of the older bottlings of The Glenlivet . . . proof positive that we all have our own preferences.
For the most approachable single, I'd second the recc for Dalwhinnie. It is floral and honey in the nose and a nice spice on the palate. As an alternate, I'd recommend Glengoyne or Glenmorangie, both highlands.
In my neck of the woods, Macallan-12 is readily available in restaurants, falling in with the usual Glenlivet & Glenfiddich - the Oban is less known, and therefore perhaps a bit more special in terms of a gift.
A less expensive s.m. that I've taken to is the Dalmore Cigar Malt - runs about $40 here, and surprisingly nice finish, but it's a bit darker than the Oban, so may not be as well liked by novices. Also not always found in the liquor stores here, not often seen in the restaurants.
I keep a Dalmore Cigar Malt, a Talisker and usually a Balvenie Double Wood around for my "every day" bottles and the Macallan-18 for special occasions and a Glenrothes for relaxing.
Tell us: what did you end up getting? And how did he like it? I'm certain that either way it was a gift greatly appreciated.
re: Captain
I believe the standard Oban bottling is 14 years, not 12.
However, I agree...I prefer Oban 14 to MacAllan 12. But MacAllan 18 trumps them both.
re: elecsheep9
Went to a wine tasting last night and a table had Glenlivet, I thought I hated Scotch, tried the 18 year, I was pleasantly surprised. Maybe I hate cheap Scotch.
I was just sitting here and enjoying a dram of Mac 18 yo and discovered that it is much smokier and peatier than I remembered(it's been a while since I poured this one). It is a quitessential scots whisky and has all of the characteristice that either camp of scotch drinkers(light Highland vs. peaty Western and Northern) will find delightful. I have to amend my previous answer, to Mac, if you can/will spring for the 18 y/o.
Oban is by far my favorite single-malt in that price range, and I think that it's also a better pick as a gift since it feels a little more unusual/unique.
My former boss and I were out tying one on one night. A confirmed Macallan drinker, we put down a LOT of Oban that night and now that's what he drinks. 'nuff said.