text:
In light of the recent trade of Doc Rivers to the Los Angeles Clippers, it is being reported that the Boston Celtics and the Clippers cannot trade players until after the season, because doing so would be considered part of the Rivers trade. And in the NBA, coaches and players cannot be traded together.
Per Ken Berger of CBS:
Doc Rivers' compensation agreement states that Celtics and Clippers can't exchange players until the end of the '13-'14 season, source says.
— Ken Berger (@KBergCBS) June 25, 2013
There has been a lot of rumors that the two could also pair up in a trade that involves either Kevin Garnett or Paul Pierce. However, in light of this report, it appears that that will not end up happening.
Although there were earlier reports of Garnett for Clipper's center DeAndre Jordan, it was said yesterday that KG would likely retire after the season, most probably with the Celtics. Now this development only furthers that belief, and all but guarantees it unless another team comes out with interest in the veteran forward/center.
It appears this whole fiasco and all the rumors that accompanied it are over, as no trades will be able to go down between the two teams anyway. Paul Pierce could potentially be bought out before the season and join LA, but that is still up in the air at this point, and seems unlikely.
Tags: Boston Celtics Doc Rivers Kevin Garnett Los Angeles Clippers


text:
James Hinchcliffe picked up his first career IndyCar Series victory in Sunday's season opener at St. Petersburg, where Andretti Autosport showed it's picked up right where it left off after last year's championship season.
Copyright © 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This story may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without the prior written authority of The Associated Press.
Links to the FCC website to view WTHR and/or WALV's on-line public inspection files:
WTHR: https://stations.fcc.gov/station-profile/WTHR || WALV: https://stations.fcc.gov/station-profile/WALV
Individuals with disabilities may contact Jill Pursell at email@example.com, or 317.655.5602, for assistance with access to the public inspection files.
All content © Copyright 2000 - 2014 WorldNow and WTHR. All Rights Reserved. For more information on this site, please read our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Constipated South African Gavin Hood has been hard at work directing Reese Witheredpoon and Meryl Streep in Rendition, a movie in which…
Witherspoon plays Isabella El-Ibrahimi, the American wife of Egyptian-born chemical engineer Anwar El-Ibrahimi (Omar Metwally) who disappears on a flight from South Africa to Washington.
It also stars Jake Gyllenhaal and Peter Saarsgaard, so you figure they've got that whole "Silent A" thing covered.
I want more like this!
Follow us on Facebook and get the latest before everyone else.


text:
Select all
Found the same room at a different price? Tell us, and we'll offer to match it.
Find out more
The Paragon Hotel
Cobden Hotel Birmingham formally The Quality Hotel
The Edgbaston Palace Hotel
Corus Regency Solihull
Ramada Encore Birmingham NEC/ Airport
pentahotel Birmingham City Centre
Hyatt Regency Birmingham
City Nites Birmingham
Collection Hotel Birmingham
Bloc Hotel Birmingham
VILLAGE URBAN RESORT Birmingham Walsall
Menzies Hotels Birmingham City - Strathallan
The Belfry
Holiday Inn Birmingham City Centre
Macdonald Burlington Hotel
Comfort Zone Apartment Hotel Birmingham
Hay Lane Lodge
Elmdon Lodge
The St Johns Hotel
Staycity Serviced Apartments - Arcadian Centre
VILLAGE URBAN RESORT Birmingham Dudley
Broad Oaks Bed & Breakfast
Staying Cool at the Rotunda 5*
Jurys Inn Birmingham
Innkeeper's Lodge Solihull, Knowle
Ramada Birmingham Oldbury M5 J2
The Travellers Inn
Clover Spa and Hotel
Springfield Guest House
Hilton Birmingham Metropole
Gayton B&B
Staying Cool at the Rotunda (4*)
Innkeeper's Lodge Birmingham (West), Quinton
The Spires Suites
Hotel La Tour
Comfort Inn City Centre Birmingham
Quality Hotel Birmingham South / NEC
Beverley Hotel
Apollo Hotel
Quality Hotel Dudley
Greswolde Arms Hotel by Good Night Inns
Hotel du Vin and Bistro Birmingham
Novotel Birmingham Airport
Central Guest House
Birmingham Best Inn Hotel
Tri-Star Hotel
Innkeeper's Lodge Birmingham (NEC), Coleshill
The Limes Country Lodge
Grimstock Country House Hotel
New Hall Hotel & Spa
Distances are provided for guidance and are calculated 'as the crow flies'. For directions and actual distances by road, please refer to the hotel directions tab for the particular hotel.
Reset filters
Best Deals - B5 6db |
4 & 5 Star Hotels - B5 6db |
Big Savers - B5 6db |
Disabled Access - B5 6db |
10 Rooms or Less - B5 6db |
Budget Beds - B5 6db
West Midlands Regions
| Hotels in Birmingham
| Hotels in Coventry
| Hotels in Dudley
| Hotels in Herefordshire
| Hotels in Shropshire
| Hotels in Sandwell
| Hotels in Solihull
| Hotels in Staffordshire
| Hotels in Stoke-on-Trent
| Hotels in Telford and Wrekin
| Hotels in Walsall
| Hotels in Warwickshire
| Hotels in Wolverhampton
| Hotels in Worcestershire
Alternative Searches - As searched for by LateRooms.com.au users
| Birmingham Hotels
| Birmingham Nec Hotels
| Birmingham Airport Hotels
| Moseley Hotels
| Bournville Hotels
| Erdington Hotels
| Harborne Hotels
| Sandwell Hotels
| Streetly Hotels
| Kings Norton Hotels
| Rubery Hotels
| Alvechurch Hotels
| Longbridge Hotels
| Wylde Green Hotels
| Tardebigge Hotels
| Tyburn Hotels
| Hopwood Hotels
| Tardebigg Hotels
| Minworth Hotels
| Selly Oak Hotels
| Sydney Hotels
| Melbourne Hotels
| Brisbane Hotels
| Adelaide Hotels
| Perth Hotels
| Cairns Hotels
Contact Us |
Terms and Conditions |
Disclaimer |
About Us |
Job Opportunities |
Things we care about | Press |
User Guide
Affiliates |
Hotel Admin |
Add your hotel
Copyright © 1999 - 2014 LateRooms Ltd


text:
[Cold Cases]
[Commercial Vehicle Enforcement]
[Commissioner's Office]
[Concealed Deadly Weapons]
[Contacting the KSP]
[Core Values]
[Crime & Traffic Information] [Fallen Trooper Memorial]
[Forensic Laboratories]
[Highway Safety]
[History of the KSP]
[Home Page]
[Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force]
[Kentucky's Most Wanted]
[Links to Other Websites]
[Missing Children]
[News Releases]
[Post Locations]
[Sex Offender Registry]
[Special Enforcement Troop]
[Trooper Island]
[Return to Kentucky State Police Main Website]
For other Kentucky Government sites visit: [Kentucky.gov]
Home > Post > Post 8 > Post8 News Release > 2013 News Releases > News Release
KSP Post 8 Bulletins, News & Information
Distribution of Matter Portraying a Sexual Performance By a Minor Arrest
Date of News Release: 03/29/2013
(Morehead, KY) -- On March 28th 2013, Greg Louis Grigson, age 57 of Maysville was arrested and charged with one count of Distribution of Matter Portraying a Sexual Performance by a Minor. The arrest was the culmination of an investigation by the Kentucky State Police Post 8 ICAC Taskforce. During the arrest, Detectives from the Post 8 Taskforce and the Mason County Sheriff's Office located additional evidence that lead to Grigson also being charged with one count of Convicted Felon in possession of a Firearm, Possession of Marijuana and Possession of Drug Paraphernalia. Grigson was lodged at the Mason County Detention Center.
In 2003, the Kentucky State Police was awarded a grant to establish this program in the Commonwealth, making it one of 46 task forces throughout the nation. As the lead law enforcement agency, KSP assigned sworn and civilian personnel within the Electronic Crime Section to this program. These personnel represent the core of the Kentucky Task Force - investigators who receive complaints and open investigations, forensic examiners who perform analysis of digital evidence seized as part of these investigations, and the administrative personnel who manage the daily operation of the unit.
As the lead law enforcement agency, KSP assumes responsibility for the overall operation and effectiveness of the task force within its jurisdiction. Key to this success is the federal, state and local law enforcement agencies that agree to become participating members. Additionally, there are other agencies and groups that work closely with ICAC, on a national and local level, to maintain a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach to dealing with child sexual exploitation issues.
In addition to investigating cases of online child sexual exploitation, the KY ICAC Task Force provides statewide training which encompasses all aspects of the issue of child exploitation - from prevention to victim services. Thousands of parents, students and educators have received information as a result of presentations by task force personnel at schools and community groups. This "beginning to end" approach will ensure the most effective, most comprehensive approach to combating child victimization.
Contact Information for the Kentucky State Police
Kentucky State Police
919 Versailles Road | Frankfort, KY 40601
This page was last modified on:
About this site
Individuals with Disabilities
Copyright © 2002-2013 Kentucky State Police, all rights reserved


text:
Google Maps Mania is an unofficial Google Maps blog tracking the websites, mashups and tools being influenced by Google Maps
Tuesday, October 31, 2006
America's Safest Cities on Google Maps
USA Today has reported on a new list put out by Morgan Quitno Press which ranks crime rates in US cities titled: "Ranking of least, most dangerous cities". Virender Ajmani decided to focus on the safest cities in that city crime rankings list and has created a Google Maps Mashup showing the top 25 called: America's Safest Cities. For each of the 25 cities he's included a collection of videos and Google Maps searches for the locations of police stations and after school programs. Coming in at #1 is Brick, New Jersey while the top 2 most dangerous go to the cities that recently took part in the 2006 World Series - St. Louis (#1), Detroit (#2).
Posted by Mike Pegg at 6:41 AM
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Niles City Council actions unnecessary
August 25, 2013
DEAR EDITOR: The action taken by Niles City Council in passing the "community bill of rights" is as unnecessary as it is disappointing....
"ODNR serves no purpose."
Really? Do you ever visit a state park? Do you ever enjoy boating on a lake? Do you ever go hunting of fishing? Do you ever enjoy state forests, go hiking on state lands?
Do you know many state parks generate major amounts of revenue?
Do you know thet the Division of Wildlife generates a lot of revenue, and so does the Division of Watercraft. Do you know ODNR employs thousands of people who pay taxes and buys homes on Ohio.
Do you know ODNRworks in cooperations with local governments, Army Corp of Engineers, local parks and recreational groups, to provide the communities with better and improved facilites such as parks, dams and wildlife areas?
1 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
ODNR serves no purpose.
0 Agrees | 0 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
"ODNR's sole source of operating revenue is generated from issuing gas/oil well drilling permits! "
Wrong Sir. Not all of ODNR has had any type of dedicated funding. Many divisions of ODNR took over 10% cuts in thier FY 14 budgets. Full time jobs are not being filled. Hours are being cut back from part time workers. Buildings are being removed to save on maintenance costs.
Some ODNR Divisions do have rvenue produced by other means, thier SOLE source is not drilling permits.
2 Agrees | 1 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
All Niles did was say "We don't want it in our city but we will sell you the water to do it in the Townships" Niles deserves no praise!
5 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
" ODNR is in bed with your industry "
And you have hard copy proof of that? ----------------------------------------------
ArticWolf, where have you been since Kasich took office? The ODNR's sole source of operating revenue is generated from issuing gas/oil well drilling permits! ODNR was spun off of the state funding to save money from the state budget. These drilling companies often, as is the case in this area, prep the necessary infrastructure, i.e. pads, roadways from county/twp roads to the pad, base prepping for water/waste reservoirs, etc... Virtually none of this is approved prior to the ODNR granting the permits, because they let the drilling companies do their jobs for them.
That's how huge wells, like the one in Lordstown, get drilled only a few hundred feet away from freshwater lakes and residential dwellings.
2 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
you might lose your job for writing this article
2 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Proudwarrennite you said it all. Good comment.
1 Agrees | 2 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
" ODNR is in bed with your industry "
And you have hard copy proof of that?
1 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
there go another z jackin up the hometown...then he be trying to make us feel good .all the while he be givin it to us & nature...for real
2 Agrees | 3 Disagrees | Report Abuse »
Showing 9 of 9 comments


text:
Narrow your search
Beneath all the health hype, you'll find a competent blender that gets caught in the middle between the best single-serve smoothie makers and the best full-size multitaskers.
Ready to fly later this year, the company's latest quadcopter combines a better camera with GPS, improved wireless, and light, but strong construction.
Pricing not available
Expected to cost under $200, the BlackBerry Z3 packs a large touch screen but no physical keyboard.
Pricing not available
The new tablets run Windows 8 and Android, respectively, and will be available in the fall.
HP is set on offering its ZR2330w monitor at a budget price without skipping on features.
All sharp angle, LEDs, and high-end PC components, the Lenovo Erazer X700 looks every part a gaming desktop
Pricing not available
Microsoft says its Surface Pro 3 is a better option for people who want a laptop replacement and the freedom to go mobile.
Skinned in Realtree camouflage, this action cam won't give your location away while you're on the hunt.
Target and Neiman Marcus weren't the only name-brand retailers to be stung by cybercriminals last holiday season. Plus: Was a teenager behind the malware?
The hackers were looking for information on federal employees who have top-secret clearance, according to The New York Times.


text:
The Bucksville House Bed and Breakfast has a long history of paranormal activity. It has been featured on the TV shows "Psychic Kids" and "America's Most Haunted".Reports include a man walking back and forth between the fireplace and bathroon in one of the guest rooms. Objects around the house disappear from where they were placed and reappear in a different area. Employees at the inn have also seen apparitions.
During our visit we had an extroidinary amount of equipment failure and battery drainage. It was an overall quiet evening as far as capturing evidence, however.
If you want to experience a haunting of your own, this B & B is the place to go. The setting is serene and the meticulously decorated inn takes you back to another place in time.


text:
Here you can buy our Resources and Fundraising merchandise. The majority of our publications can also be read or downloaded free of charge online. DSA members can receive ONE free copy of most leaflets - Please contact us for more information.
Secure payments are made via PayPal. Please note that you don't need a PayPal account to make a payment - just follow the link "Don't have a PayPal account?" when you check out.
Postage and packing costs are added to your shopping cart before you checkout. The cost of P&P is calculated on a sliding scale depending on how much you order; starting at £2 for orders up to £9.99 through to £10.00 for orders over £150.
ONLY UK residents can make orders through our online shop.
If you are a company, hospital, support service etc. and require an invoice for your items then please contact us with your order.


text:
- Citations
AtriplexArticle Free Pass
- Read
- Edit
- View History
- Feedback
Atriplex, genus of herbs and shrubs in the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae), containing about 300 species, often found on saline soils throughout temperate and subtropical areas of the world. Saltbush and orach are common names for the group. The leaves of many species often are white and look scurfy or mealy. Several species are salt-tolerant shrubs of western North America, especially four-wing saltbush, or chamiso (A. canescens), and spiny saltbush (A. confertifolia). Young leaves of the orach (A. hortensis), or garden orach, are eaten.
Do you know anything more about this topic that you'd like to share?


text:
By Doug Ireland
---- — There was a time when the holiday shopping season didn't begin until the day after Thanksgiving.
Those days are long gone.
Southern New Hampshire merchants started decorating their stores and selling holiday merchandise in October. Christmas trees sellers are anxiously awaiting shipments of evergreens and holiday music is everywhere.
This year, a compressed holiday shopping season is drawing more shoppers earlier to area stores, local merchants said. Thanksgiving is on Nov. 28 — the latest day on which the holiday can fall, giving shoppers less time to make purchases between Black Friday and Christmas.
That means shoppers seem even more eager this year to buy holiday gifts, flooding stores beginning in October, merchants said.
The Home Depot is best known as a place to buy construction materials and appliances, but the Londonderry store has been drawing numerous customers seeking holiday items, assistant manager Steve Flagg said.
"People are definitely shopping earlier because they have one week less," Flagg said yesterday.
The Home Depot started putting its holiday merchandise out during the first two weeks of October, he said. It didn't matter that Halloween was still a few weeks away.
"They started buying it as soon as we put it out," Flagg said. "It's been selling every day since."
At The Mall at Rockingham Park in Salem, the shorter season has more people out early, trying to beat the holiday rush, general manager Cindy Hall said.
"We have fewer shopping days, but the shoppers are realizing it," Hall said.
Decorating at the mall for the holidays began the Sunday before Halloween, but that's typical, Hall said.
Shoppers could buy Christmas lights at the same time they stocked up on Halloween candy.
"We had both happening at the same time," Hall said of the two holidays.
There hasn't been lull since, she said. Some stores will open four hours earlier on Thanksgiving — 8 p.m. instead of midnight, she said.
"Veterans Day was very busy and this past weekend was extremely busy," Hall said.
Holiday merchandise isn't the only thing arriving early — so is Santa.
The mall began offering photo opportunities with jolly old St. Nick on Thursday, well before the arrival of snow and Thanksgiving.
Santa will be available every day through the holiday season, Hall said.
The National Retail Federation is calling for a 3.9 percent increase in sales for November and December, a 0.4 percent over last year.
Retails chains such as J.C. Penney and Macy's are opening their doors on Thanksgiving for the first time.
Wal-Mart, the world's largest retailer, has started some its major holiday sales a month earlier than usual. The sales were usually held Black Friday and Cyber Monday.
Nancy Kyle, president of the Retail Merchants of New Hampshire, said a compressed shopping season won't bring as many shoppers to Granite State stores as much as lower gas prices will. Average gas prices have dropped more than 30 cents this fall.
"That means more money in people's pockets," she said. "It's a psychological thing."
Businesses that sell Christmas trees are getting their stands ready, but some say they don't plan to sell them until at least Black Friday.
"The first two weekends in December are still the big days for us," said Warren Stocker, owner of Highland Plantation Christmas tree farm in Newton. "I think most people are still buying their trees after Thanksgiving."
Phil Ferdinando, owner of J&F Farms in Derry, said he's pushing to get his Christmas trees a bit earlier this year.
He wants to keep up with the rush and customer demand to make sure the trees grown in Vermont are available on Black Friday .
"Everybody wants everything earlier," he said.


text:
Reload the page and try again.
Academic Experience:
I am presented with many opportunities and the work is challenging.
Academic Experience:
Everything about the academic process is wonderful. The professors are ready to help you and the curriculum and everything is what a student needs for their major.
Academic Experience:
It's very hard. I'm a science major so I have to work extremely hard to achieve my goals.
Academic Experience:
There are plenty of options for students to take on. Whenever you go in for orientation they let you know that its going to be hard but there are tutoring sessions and a place that you make sure you sign up for ahead of time because there are not that many open spaces. The faculty are very hands on and are willing to work with their students when needed.
Academic Experience:
My Classes Are Great – I am a nursing major at usc sumter and i am enjoying it. It is indeed a lot work, but i simply apply myself and get the work done. I am currently taking my basic classes and will transfer to the USC Columbia in Columbia South Carolina, where i will then take actual nursing classes. The professors are great. They listen to me and help me in all areas that i need help with. I am proud to be a student at the University of South Carolina Sumter.
{{review.SectionLabel}} at {{review.EntityName}}:
Sorry, there are no reviews.
No summaries have been written about this school yet. If you are a student at this school, you should take the college student survey.
Non-registered users are limited to 5 school profile page views per month.
Register for free to gain full access!


text:
Not Voodoo Home / Comments? / Anatomy of a reaction
The quality and proper handling of reagents is fundamentally important to experimental success and laboratory safety. The pages on this site provide both basic guidelines for beginning students and hosts forums to provide more specialized information for more advanced researchers.
Shelf Life: If you want to know whether an Aldrich chemical on the shelf is still good, call their customer service number (800-231-8327.) You can give a member of the technical staff the lot number on the bottle, and they will be able to tell you the expected shelf life of that chemical.
Purification: Sometimes you should purify your reagent before you use it in an experiment. See Can you use it right out of the bottle? for common reagents.
Get the Right Source: see Should you buy it, or make it yourself? Based on visitor opinions.
Reagent Stability: for (non-comprehensive, anecdotal) information, see Pyrophoric and Explosive Reagents
Really Nasty Chemicals: for a (non-comprehensive and highly opinionated) list, see Highly Toxic Reagents
*note: this list does not apply to chemicals that must be stored all by themselves for reasons of reactivity, stench or other special circumstances.
Very few reagents really need to be in the freezer. If you really want to put a reagent at low temperature, always consider whether the contents of your bottle might freeze and break the bottle.
Didn't find the information you wanted? Post specific reagent questions on Q and A.


text:
Compiled by:
Mary V. Gold
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
USDA, ARS, National Agricultural Library
Beltsville MD
January 2008
Organic Agricultural Products: Marketing and Trade Resources Series, Guide 2
About this Series:
This research guide is one of seven in the Organic Agricultural Products: Marketing and Trade Resources
series. Each guide is a subject-oriented compilation that focuses on a separate
type of information or research source. [More...]
Go to other Guides in this series:
For more information, or to request print copies, contact the Alternative Farming Systems Information Center.
Guide to International Trade in Organics: Laws and Regulations
Table of Contents
Exporting and Importing Organic Products – U.S. Regulations and Information Sources
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has put in place a set of national standards that food labeled "organic" must meet – whether it is grown in the United States or imported from other countries. U.S. regulations were fully implemented on October 21, 2002, and are administered by the National Organic Program (NOP) within USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS).
On February 4, 2008 AMS announced a reorganization of the NOP office into three branches: Accreditation, Auditing and Training Branch; Standards Development and Review Branch; and Compliance and Enforcement Branch. See: AMS Press Release, http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELPRDC5066878&acct=nopgeninfo (accessed 6/24/08)
This section highlights information about/links to selected NOP resources and to other significant Federal and industry entities with roles in regulating organics. Also included: links to texts of pertinent Federal legislation and information about current Congressional committees and caucuses.
1. National Organic Program (NOP). Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), U.S. Department of Agriculture. Contact: Associate Deputy Administrator, USDA-AMS-TMP-NOP, Room 4008 - South Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington DC 20250-0020; 202-720-3252; fax 202-205-7808.
Homepage: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateA&navID=NationalOrganicProgram&leftNav=NationalOrganicProgram&page=NOPNationalOrganicProgramHome&acct=nop(accessed 6/24/08) Description: The Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) of 1990 required the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to develop and maintain national standards for organically produced agricultural products to assure consumers that agricultural products marketed as organic meet consistent, uniform standards. The OFPA and the National Organic Program (NOP) regulations require that agricultural products labeled as organic originate from farms or handling operations certified by a State or private entity that has been accredited by USDA. In addition to rules addressing domestic organic production and handling, the NOP determines how imported and exported organically produced agricultural products will be defined, regulated and labeled.
2. International Issues.
URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateE&navID=InternationalIssuesNOPNationalOrganicProgramHome&rightNav1=InternationalIssues
NOPInternationalIssues&resultType=&acct=nopgeninfo (accessed 6/24/08)
Description: Site includes information about "Export Arrangements and Recognition Agreements," "Export Certificate Procedures and Accompanying Documentation," "and Import Authorizations."
3. Foreign Accredited Certifying Agents. URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateJ&navID=NationalOrganicProgram&leftNav=NationalOrganicProgram&page=NOPACAs&description=USDA%20Accredited%20Certifying%20Agents&acct=nopgeninfo (accessed 6/24/08)
4. How Will Imported Organic Agricultural Product be Handled under the National Organic Standards? Full text: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/getfile?dDocName=STELDEV3018253&acct=nopgeninfo (accessed 6/24/08) Description: "The National Organic Standards require all agricultural products sold, labeled or represented as organic in the United States be certified by a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) accredited certifying agent. However, in lieu of organic certification by a USDA accredited certifying agent, imported organic agricultural product may be sold in the United States if they have been certified and recognized through (1) a USDA recognition of conformity assessment or (2) an equivalency determination."
5. Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), U.S Department of Agriculture. Homepage: http://www.fas.usda.gov/ (accessed 11/28/07)
6. Organic Products.
URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/agx/organics/organics.asp (accessed 6/24/08)Contact: Contact: Kelly Strzelecki, firstname.lastname@example.com, 202-690-0522 (Organic Trade Issues); Heather Velthuis, email@example.com, 202-720-9792 (International Organic Production and Trade Analysis); Nancy Hubbell, email@example.com, 202-720-9487 (International Organic Marketing)
Description: Site includes links to FAS Attaché Reports specific to organic markets by country and link to FAS Exporter Assistance.
7. International Resources - Organizations, Standards, Regulations, and Information. Description: This data is currently unavailable online (6/24/08); watch for updates on the Organic Products page, cited above.
8. Attaché Reports. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/scriptsw/attacherep/default.asp (accessed 6/24/08) Description: Access all FAS staff reports/analysis including Attaché Reports. To find organic reports, use the Search by Subject menu: "Organic."
9. U.S. Mission to the European Union: Organic Foods. URL: http://www.intracen.org/dbms/organics/index.asp(accessed 6/24/08) Description: Links to food and feed import rules and reports for EU countries.
10. Export Inspection and Weighing Waiver for High Quality Specialty Grains Transported in Containers. USDA, Grain Inspection Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA), December 13, 2005. Text from Federal Register: http://archive.gipsa.usda.gov/rulemaking/fr05/12-13-05.pdf (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "§ 800.0 Meaning of Terms. (44) High Quality Specialty Grain. Grain sold under contract terms that specify all factors exceed the grade limits for U.S. No. 1 grain, except for the factor test weight, or specify 'organic' as defined by 7 CFR part 205. This definition expires July 31, 2010." [Federal Register, Vol. 70, No. 238, Tuesday, December 13, 2005, Rules and Regulations]
11. Organic Trade Association (OTA). Homepage: http://www.ota.com (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "Organic Trade Association (OTA) is a membership-based business association that focuses on the organic business community in North America. OTA's mission is to promote and protect the growth of organic trade to benefit the environment, farmers, the public and the economy." [Web site] Site includes the Organic Export Directory Online, Organic Pages Online directory and many other resources.
12. OTA's Organic Export Program. URL: http://www.ota.com/export.html (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "OTA's Organic Export Program is a program sponsored by OTA to promote U.S. organic exports to the worldwide market. A sample of programs include organic pavilions at international trade shows; buyers missions where international buyers are invited to the U.S. to meet with U.S. organic suppliers; export educational programs; U.S. organic market educational pieces for foreign buyers; and the OTA Export Directory On-line." [Web site]
13. State Regional Trade Groups (SRTGs). Description: Working in cooperation with USDA's Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), State Regional Trade Groups (SRTGs) are non-profit organizations that assist U.S. food and agricultural businesses with export promotion. There are four groups: Food Export USA (Northeast region), Southern United States Trade Association (SUSTA), Food Export Association of the Midwest USA (formerly MIATCO), and Western United States Agricultural Trade Association (WUSATA). Each regional organization offers reports, directories, links and calendars related to export practices, markets and issues; staff members can assist with organic product issues.
14. Food Export USA (Northeast). Contact: Food Export USA, One Penn Center, 1617 JFK Boulevard, Suite 420, Philadelphia PA 19103; 215-829-9111; fax 215-829-9777; e-mail email@example.com Homepage: http://www.foodexportusa.org/ (accessed 11/15/07)
15. Southern U.S. Trade Association (SUSTA). Contact: SUSTA, 2 Canal Street, Suite 2515, New Orleans LA 70130; 504-568-5986; fax 504-568-6010; e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com Homepage: http://www.susta.org/ (accessed 11/15/07)
16. Food Export Association of the Midwest USA. Contact: Food Export Association of the Midwest USA, 309 West Washington Street, Suite 600, Chicago IL 60606; 312-334-9200; fax 312-334-9230; e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com Homepage: http://www.foodexport.org/ (accessed 11/15/07)
17. Western U.S. Agricultural Trade Association (WUSATA). Contact: WUSATA, 4601 NE 77th Avenue, Suite 120, Vancouver WA 98662; 360-693-3373; fax 360-693-3464. Homepage: http://www.wusata.org/ (accessed 11/15/07)
Selected International Organic-specific Law and Policy Resources
18. Policy Dialogue on Promoting Production and Trading Opportunities for Organic Agricultural Products. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Capacity Building Task Force on Trade Environment and Development, 2002. Note: Meeting, Brussels, Belgium, February 21-22, 2002; Policy Dialogue, organized by the UNEP-UNCTAD Capacity Building Task Force on Trade, Environment and Development (CBTF), was funded by the European Commission and hosted by the secretariat of the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. URL: http://www.unep-unctad.org/cbtf/cbtf2/meetings/brussels.htm (accessed 11/16/07) Description: The objectives of this meeting were to explore practical steps to support organic production in developing countries and to improve trading opportunities. Site contains final meeting report and individual meeting presentations from "representatives of certification bodies, intergovernmental organizations, aid agencies, civil society, academics and other stakeholders from developing and developed countries." [Introduction]
19. Organic Link. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)/World Trade Organization (WTO).
URL: http://www.intracen.org/mds/sectors/organic/welcome.htm (accessed 6/24/08) Description: "Organic Link is a web portal serving the organic business communities. This website helps exporters and importers of organic products to find each other through its easy-to-access database of business contacts. It also contains useful information about organic products and markets." [Web site] Resources include an events calendar; Country Focus factsheets (Asian and African countries); recent publications and current studies related to the market for specific organic products; and Organic Market News Service, a bi-monthly market report for producers, exporters and importers, and trade support institutions in developing countries.
20. FAO/WHO Food Standards Codex Alimentarius. United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/ World Health Organization (WHO), Codex Alimentarius Commission. Homepage: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/ (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Codex Standards and related texts adopted by the Commission including "Special Publications:" food hygiene - basic texts; food labeling - complete texts; food import and export inspection and certification systems - combined texts; and Organically Produced Foods - Guidelines for Production, Processing, Labelling and Marketing (CAC/GL #32).
21. Codex Alimentarius - Organically Produced Foods. Rome: Secretariat of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme, 2001. (Reference CAC/GL, 32) Note: PDF version at http://www.fao.org/organicag/doc/glorganicfinal.pdf (accessed 11/16/07). Full text: http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y2772e/y2772e00.htm (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "The Codex Committee on Food Labelling developed the Guidelines for the Production, Processing, Labelling and Marketing of Organically Produced Foods in view of the growing production and international trade in organically produced foods with a view to facilitating trade and preventing misleading claims. The Guidelines are intended to facilitate the harmonization of requirements for organic products at the international level, and may also provide assistance to governments wishing to establish national regulations in this area... The Codex Alimentarius Commission at its 23rd Session in 1999 adopted the Guidelines for the Production, Processing, Labelling and Marketing of Organically Produced Foods, with the exception of the provisions for livestock and livestock products. The Codex Alimentarius Commission at its 24th Session in 2001 adopted the sections concerning livestock and livestock products and bee-keeping and bee products for inclusion in the Guidelines for the Production, Processing, Labelling and Marketing of Organically Produced Foods." [Preface]
22. International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). Homepage: http://www.ifoam.org/ (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "Assisting its membership, IFOAM implements specific projects that facilitate the adoption of organic agriculture, particularly in developing countries. IFOAM also represents the organic agriculture movements at United Nations and other intergovernmental agencies." [Web site] IFOAM provides advocacy, publications, conferences, information, bookstore and an IFOAM Organic Guarantee System.
23. International Harmonization. URL: http://www.ifoam.org/organic_facts/harmonization/index.html (accessed 11/16/07)
24. International Organic Accreditation Service (IOAS). Homepage: http://www.ioas.org/ (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "The IOAS implements the IFOAM Accreditation Programme which is an industry based global guarantee of organic integrity, unburdened by national barriers and implemented by one body which has no other interests." [Web site]
25. Organic Directory Online. URL: http://www.ifoam.org/organic_world/directory/index.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Members (names and site links only) are listed by country, as of March 2006. Purchase the complete IFOAM directory in the IFOAM bookstore.
26. Organic Guarantee System. URL: http://www.ifoam.org/about_ifoam/standards/ogs.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Includes IFOAM Basic Standards for Organic Production and Processing and IFOAM Accreditation Criteria for Bodies Certifying Organic Production and Processing.
27. UNCTAD/ FAO/ IFOAM International Task Force on Harmonisation and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture. URL: http://r0.unctad.org/trade_env/ITF-organic/welcome1.asp (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "The International Task Force on Harmonisation and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture, convened by FAO, IFOAM and UNCTAD, will serve as an open-ended platform for dialogue between public and private institutions (intergovernmental, governmental and civil society) involved in trade and regulatory activities in the organic agriculture sector." [Web site] Publications of the group include - Harmonization and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture, Vol.1: (2004) 238p. http://r0.unctad.org/trade_env/ITF-organic/publications/Complete%20Harmonization%20Book%20Vol%201.pdf (accessed 11/16/07) - Strategy on Solutions for Harmonizing International Regulation of Organic Agriculture, Vol. 2 (2006) 95p. http://r0.unctad.org/trade_env/ITF-organic/publications/ditcted200515_en%5B1%5D.pdf (accessed 11/16/07) - Strategy on Solutions for Harmonizing International Regulation of Organic Agriculture, Vol. 3 (2007) 223p. http://r0.unctad.org/trade_env/ITF-organic/publications/UNCTAD_DITC_TED_2007_1.pdf (accessed 11/16/07)
28. OECD Workshop on Organic Agriculture, 23-26 September 2002, Washington D.C., United States.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Directorate for Food Agriculture and Fisheries, 2002. Homepage: http://www.oecd.org/document/15/0,3343,en_2649_33791_17208655_1_1_1_1,00.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "The overall purpose of the workshop is to analyse the economic, environmental and social impacts of organic agriculture in relation to "integrated" or "conventional" farming systems, and the conditions under which organic agricultural systems are sustainable. It will also analyse the market approaches and policies used to encourage, certify and regulate organic agriculture, and examine the trade effects of different policies." [Web site]
29. "Organic Livestock Production Standards." In Diversity of Livestock Systems and Definition of Animal Welfare, Proceedings of the Second NAHWOA Workshop, Cordoba, 8-11 January 2000. Network for Animal Health and Welfare in Organic Agriculture (NAHWOA), 2000. Full text: http://www.veeru.reading.ac.uk/organic/proc/proceedings.htm (accessed 11/16/07)
30. Export Arrangements and Recognition Agreements. USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), National Organic Program (NOP). URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateE&navID=NationalOrganicProgram&leftNav=NationalOrganicProgram&page=NOPExportArrangementsandRecognitionAgreements&description=Export%20Arrangements%20and%20Recognition%20Agreements&acct=nopgeninfo(accessed 6/24/08) Description: Find details on U.S. export arrangements with Israel, India, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Denmark, Quebec, British Columbia and Standards Council of Canada, and Export Arrangements with Japan.
31. OneCert International Organic Standards. OneCert, Inc., undated. Full text (request via e-mail): http://www.onecert.net/oc_standards.htm (accessed 2/16/08)
Description: Compilation of standards texts and materials lists from Japan Agricultural Standards, European Regulation 2092/91, Quebec Organic Reference Standards, Bio Suisse Standards, IFOAM Basic Standards and USDA-National Organic Program. "Designed for organic operations whose primary organic market is the US but who also have international sales." [Web site]
Selected Resources Pertaining to U.S. Trade Issues: Specific Countries
32. Export Potential for Organics: Opportunities and Barriers [Australia], by David McKinna and et al.
Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation; Australian Government, 2006. 95p. (RIRDC Publication, 06/06) Note: "A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation."
Full text: http://www.rirdc.gov.au/reports/ORG/06-061.pdf (accessed 11/23/07)
33. Organic Production [Canada]. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agri-Food Trade Service. URL: http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do?id=1183748510661&lang=e (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Information about Canada's organic industry, market reports including The Organic Sector: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats and Associated Key Issues (2006), the Canadian Organic Value Chain Roundtable and product regulations.
34. Organic Products [Canada]. Canadian Food Inspection Agency. URL: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/orgbio/otfgtspbe.shtml (accessed 11/16/07) Description: When the Organic Products Regulations come into full force on December 14, 2008, voluntary use of the "Biologique Canada Organic" designation and logo will be permitted on the labeling of those food products certified as meeting the National Organic Standards (Canadian Organic Production Systems General Principles and Management Standards CAN/CGSB 32.310 and Permitted Substances Lists CAN/CGSB 32.311). The designation and logo are not available for use until full implementation of the Regulations. Site provides access to the new regulations as well as information bulletins, FAQ and links to additional government and industry information.
35. Canada Organic Regime: A Certified Choice. March 2008. Full text: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/orgbio/stainte.shtml (accessed 6/24/08) Description: Information for stakeholders.
36. Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Effects of Federal Regulation for Organic Products. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 2004? Note: Final report. URL: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/orgbio/coana/coanae.shtml (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "This benefit/cost analysis investigates issues and problems related to: consumer protection; export market access; environmental issues; agricultural sustainability; equity in domestic and international trading environments; potential for consumer confusion and fraud, and others." [Web site]
37. The Organic Sector: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats and Associated Key Issues, by Rod MacRae, Russ Christianson and Ralph Martin. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Organic Sector Value Chain Roundtable, 2006. Full text: http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display-afficher.do?id=1184002826629&lang=e (accessed 11/16/07)
38. Recent Canadian Wholesale Prices for Organic Fruit and Vegetables. Cyber-Help for Organic Farmers; Rural Capacity Building Through Organic Agriculture (RCBTOA) Project, British Columbia Certified Organic Program. URL: http://www.certifiedorganic.bc.ca/rcbtoa/services/prices.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Wholesale prices for vegetables, fruits and nuts, in Canadian dollars.
39. Administrative Measures for Certification of Organic Products 2005 [China, Peoples Republic of: FAIRS Product Specific], by Wu Bugang. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 2005. 10p. (GAIN Report, CH5012). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200502/146118661.pdf (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "This is UNOFFICIAL translation of AQSIQ Decree No. 67 (2004) Administrative Measures for Certificate of Organic Products. Exporters should carefully study the regulation and consult with importers to make sure that their interpretation of these Measures is accurate." [Web site]
40. Organic Products Market in China 2006 [China, Peoples Republic of, Organic Products], by Yang Mei, Michael Jewison and Christina Greene. USDA, Foreign Agriculture Service (FAS), 2006. (GAIN Report, CH6405). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200606/146198045.pdf (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Highlights regulations and policy, consumption trends, and trade challenges and recommendations.
41. Organic Food Development Center, SEPA of China (OFDC). Homepage: http://www.ofdc.cn/english/about/about.asp (accessed 12/05/07) Description: OFDC, "founded in 1994, is the oldest and largest specialized organic research, inspection and certification organization and the only organic certifier in China that has been IFOAM (the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements) and ISO65 accredited." [Web site]
42. Country Profile: China. International Trade Centre, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)/ World Trade Organization (WTO), 2006? URL: http://www.intracen.org/organics/Country-Profile-China.htm (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Background, references and country contact information including: Organic Food Development Center of China OFDC-SEPA and China Green Food Development Centre (CGFDC).
43. Organic Farming. European Commission. Full text: http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/qual/organic/index_en.htm (accessed 11/20/07) Description: "Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91. European Union agriculture ministers today reached political agreement on a new regulation on organic production and labelling, which will be simpler for both farmers and consumers. The new rules set out a complete set of objectives, principles and basic rules for organic production, and include a new permanent import regime and a more consistent control regime..." [Web site] Information covers regulation, rules, the organic logo and more.
44. Organic Farming - Facts and Figures. Brussells: European Commission/Commission Européenne, 2005. 30p. Full text: http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/qual/organic/facts_en.pdf (accessed 11/20/07) Description: Marketing chapter includes information on organic product processors, retail sales and prices.
45. Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on Organic Production and Labelling of Organic Products and Repealing Regulation (EEC) No. 2092/91. Full text as published in the Official Journal of the European Union: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2007/l_189/l_18920070720en00010023.pdf (accessed 11/20/07) Description: This new regulation was published on July 20, 2007 and will come into force on January 1, 2009. Information about current rule status may be found at http://www.organic-europe.net/europe_eu/eu-regulation-2092-91.asp (accessed 11/20/07).
46. Organic Farming in Europe - Country Reports. Forschungsinstitut fuer biologischen Landbau (FiBL) . URL: http://www.organic-europe.net/country_reports/default.asp (accessed 11/20/07) Description: Thirty-one country reports include information about each country's laws, standards and certification agencies. Links to other EU country information resources is included.
47. CBI AccessGuide. Homepage: http://www.cbi.nl/ (accessed 11/20/07) Description: AccessGuide is a searchable database of legislative and market requirements and industry news related to exporting to the European Union. Provided by a Dutch Government Agency - the Centre for the Promotion of Imports from Developing Countries (CBI), registration is required to access certain data including export tools and a market information section.
48. Policies Supporting Organic Food Markets in the EU: Analyses by Stakeholders in 11 European Countries, by Daniela Vairo, Anna Maria Haring, Stephan Dabbert and Raffaele Zanoli. European Association of Agricultural Economists, 2007. Note: Paper presented at 103rd EAAE Seminar "Adding Value to the Agro-Food Supply Chain in the Future Euromediterranean Space." Full text: http://purl.umn.edu/9386 (accessed 6/24/08)
49. Export Arrangements with Japan. USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), National Organic Program (NOP). URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateN&topNav=NationalOrganicProgram&leftNav=NationalOrganicProgram&page=NOPExportArrangementswithJapan&description=Export%20Arrangements%20with%20Japan&acct=nopgeninfo (accessed 6/24/08) Description: Access background information and the text of Japanese Agricultural Standard of Organic Agricultural Products (JAS).
50. Japan: Organic Products: U.S. Organic Export to Japan: Export Procedures 2004, by Kenzo Ito. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 2004. (GAIN Report, JA4015). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200403/146105736.pdf (accessed 11/20/07) Description: See also Japan Exporter Guide 2007 (GAIN Report Number: JA7522, 10/1/2007), http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200710/146292611.pdf (accessed 11/20/07)
51. Proposed Japanese Agricultural Standards for Organic Livestock. Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries (MAFF), 2007. URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateN&navID=NationalOrganicProgram&leftNav=NationalOrganicProgram&page=NOPProposedJapaneseAgStandardsforOrganicLivestock&description=Proposed%20Japanese%20Standards%20for%20Organic%20Livestock&acct=nopgeninfo (accessed 6/24/08) Description: "The Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries (MAFF) has proposed standards for the production and handling of organic livestock products and livestock feed. Under World Trade Organization (WTO) standards, all new standards must be posted for comment by interested parties..." Find draft standards and information about commenting.
52. Korea, Republic of: Organic Products: Organic Certificate Requirements 2004, by Seung Ah Chung. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 2004. 6p. (GAIN Report, KS4035). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200408/146107229.pdf (accessed 11/20/07)
53. Mexico's Organic Products Law 2006, by Luis Chavez. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 2006. (GAIN Report, MX6501). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200605/146187681.pdf (accessed 11/23/07) Description: "On February 8, 2006, the Mexican government announced passage of the Organic Products Law after years of legislative revisions. The new law will regulate organic food product production and commercialization and require that all products "claiming" to be organic be certified by an internationally recognized organization." [Report Highlights] See also Export Arrangements and Recognition Agreements (USDA, National Organic Program), listed above.
54. Organic and Natural Foods Sector Profile: Mexico. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2004. (Schiller, 529).
URL: (as posted by Proexport Colobmia) http://www.proexport.com.co/VBeContent/library/documents/DocNewsNo5206DocumentNo4276.PDF(accessed 6/24/08) Description: Produced by the Canadian Embassy in Mexico, this report describes general market and trade data and contacts in Mexico, as well as Canada-specific resources.
55. New Zealand Organic Products Market Brief 2001, by Vinita Sharma. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 2001. (GAIN Report, NZ1033). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200108/125681472.pdf (accessed 11/23/07) Description: "The New Zealand market for organic foods, although small, is growing rapidly. According to a major organic food importer, the New Zealand organic food market is about US$80-100 million, of which at least 30 percent of consumption is imported." [Report Highlights] See also Export Arrangements and Recognition Agreements (USDA, National Organic Program), listed above.
56. Taiwan's Market for Organic Products: 2000, by Chiou Mey Perng. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), 2000. (GAIN Report, TW0008). Full text: http://www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200002/25607021.pdf (accessed 11/23/07) Description: "About 1,000 specialty stores on Taiwan sell organic foods. Taiwan's annual imports of organic foods are worth approximately $9.7 million. In the next three years annual sales of organic foods on Taiwan is expected to reach $19.4 million, double current levels." [Report Highlights] See also Export Arrangements and Recognition Agreements (USDA, National Organic Program), listed above.
General U.S. Export and Import Regulations, Certifications and Information
57. International Agricultural Trade. National Agricultural Law Center, University of Arkansas School of Law. (Reading Room) URL: http://www.nationalaglawcenter.org/readingrooms/internationaltrade/ (accessed 11/27/07) Description: "International agricultural trade has been described as inexplicable, exasperating, and the most distorted segment of the global economy. Nevertheless, it is important to agricultural producers, and that importance grows as production surpasses domestic demand. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) reports that the United States is the world's largest agricultural exporter with nearly one quarter of farm cash receipts coming from export markets. International agricultural trade is a complex subject that involves many different facets of international and domestic law, including international treaties and agreements, domestic trade laws, and general policy decisions. This overview focuses on these broad concepts in the large, intricate subject area of international agricultural trade." [Web site]
58. USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS). Homepage: http://www.ams.usda.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: In addition to domestic programs, AMS "offers an array of valuable services that give buyers and sellers of agricultural products a competitive advantage in the global marketplace." [Web site]
59. International Marketing Services. URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateA&navID=InternationalMarketing&leftNav=InternationalMarketing&page=InternationalMarketing&acct=AMSPW (accessed 6/24/08) Description: AMS International Marketing Services include: commodity and trading standards; product, production process, and equipment certifications; scientific and intellectual property services; market and shipping information; fair trade practices. Products include various commodity international market news reports; Ocean Freight rate Bulletin; special country transportation reports; grading and process verification programs and links to USDA and international organizations and cooperators. AMS certification programs include the Non-Hormone Treated Cattle (NHTC) Program; Pork For the European Union (PFEU) Program; Animal Protein Free Certification Program; all dairy products or dairy ingredients in other products for export to the European Union; and inspection and certification of dairy and meat processing equipment and utensils.
60. The Non-Hormone Treated Cattle (NHTC) Program.
URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateD&navID=NHTCProgram&rightNav1=NHTCProgram&topNav=&leftNav=GradingCertificationandVerfication&page=LSNHTCProgram&resultType=&acct=audrevcom(accessed 6/24/08) Description: Audit/verification program in effect since 1989, when the European Union (EU) and the U.S. agreed to control measures to facilitate the trade of non-hormone treated bovine meat.
61. Transportation Services Branch (TSB): Exporter Assistance. URL: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/ams.fetchTemplateData.do?template=TemplateN&navID=ExportMyAgriculturalProductHome&rightNav1=ExportMyAgriculturalProductHome&topNav=Home&leftNav=&page=ATExportMyProduct&resultType=&acct=exptr (accessed 6/24/08) Description: "Getting the product to your overseas customer in the best condition, on time, and at the most reasonable cost is also an integral part of the export process and can turn new customers into repeat customers." [Web site]
62. USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). Homepage: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "APHIS serves to facilitate safe international trade, monitor the health of animals presented at the border, and regulate the import and export of animals, animal products, and biologicals... APHIS serves to facilitate safe trade, monitor the movement of risk material, protect against the introduction of pests, regulate the import and export of plants, and help exporters meet the entry requirements of other countries" [Web site]
63. Import and Export. URL: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/index.shtml (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Access page for: Animal and Animal Product Import Information, including information about USDA-recognized animal health status of particular countries and regions and Import Facilitation programs; Animal and Animal Product Export Information including information about Import requirements and a directory of USDA's Area Veterinarian-in-Charge; Plant Import Information including links to Plant Import Permits and a directory of Plant Inspection Stations; Plant Export Information (including a link to Export Certificates and Application Forms There is also information about the discontinued use of the Import Authorization System (IAS): "Effective April 30,2007, Veterinary Service's (VS) NCIE will discontinue the IAS and encourage customers to become eAuthenticated and use ePermits to apply for and obtain permits for animal products and by-products and organisms and vectors." There are also links to sanitary/phytosanitary learning modules and training, and APHIS Services Global Directory (staff).
64. Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual. USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Plant Protection and Quarantine, 2007. 618p. Full text: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants/manuals/ports/downloads/fv.pdf (accessed 11/27/07) Description: Manual provides the background, procedures, and reference tables for regulating imported articles of fresh, usable parts of plants such as fruits, stems, leaves, roots, and flowers (herbs and vegetables). These imported articles are not intended for planting or growing, but they might serve to introduce exotic pests.
65. Quarantine 56. USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), 2007. URL: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/newsroom/hot_issues/quarantine_56/quarantine_56.shtml (accessed 11/27/07) Description: "On July 17, 2007, USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) announced a final rule to revise and reorganize its regulations pertaining to the importation of fruits and vegetables, otherwise known as its Q-56 regulations. The purpose of the final rule is to simplify and expedite the APHIS process for approving new imports and pest-free areas, and to allow APHIS officials to focus its resources on more complex import issues." [Release] Includes link to final rule and related documents.
66. USDA, Economic Research Service (ERS). Homepage: http://www.ers.usda.gov/ (accessed 11/27/07)
67. Phytosanitary Regulation of the Entry of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables into the United States. URL: http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/FruitVegPhyto/ (accessed 11/27/07) Description: This data product/set identifies which countries, under USDA's Animal and Plant Health and Inspection Service (APHIS) phytosanitary rules, are eligible to export to the United States the fresh fruits and vegetables that are most important in the American diet. Data on the absolute and relative importance of these countries in international production and trade, individually and in aggregate, are also included." [Web site]
68. USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). Homepage: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: In addition to domestic programs, "FSIS insures that meat, poultry, and egg products imported to the United States are produced under standards equivalent to U.S. inspection standards, and facilitates the certification of exported goods." [Web site]
69. International Affairs. URL: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Regulations_&_Policies/International_Affairs/index.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Find FSIS-related Export Information (export certification checklist, requirements for meat, poultry and processed egg products; export related policies; and eligible U.S. establishments); Import Information (requirements countries must meet to import product into the United States; the equivalence process; port of entry procedures; re-inspection; labeling requirements; and products for personal consumption); import and export data; and U.S. and International Codex Alimentarius information. Recent FSIS actions and reports are also featured.
70. USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS). Homepage: http://www.fas.usda.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) works to improve foreign market access for U.S. products, build new markets, improve the competitive position of U.S. agriculture in the global marketplace, and provide food aid and technical assistance to foreign countries. FAS has the primary responsibility for USDA's international activities - market development, trade agreements and negotiations, and the collection and analysis of statistics and market information. It also administers USDA's export credit guarantee and food aid programs, and helps increase income and food availability in developing nations by mobilizing expertise for agriculturally led economic growth. FAS also enhances U.S. agriculture's competitiveness by providing linkages to global resources and international organizations." [Web site] The FAS Web site organizes information into eight categories: Programs and Opportunities; Market and Trade Data; Issues and Policies; Commodities and Products; U.S. Exporter Assistance; Buying U.S. Products; News and Events; and Publications. All contain information important to U.S. importers and exporters. Selected resources are highlighted below.
71. Attaché Reports. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/scriptsw/AttacheRep/default.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "GAIN [Global Agriculture Information Network] is a web-based system that allows users to search FAS' database of overseas reports from 1995 to the present. Users can search reports by date range, country, commodity, or key word in the title. FAS overseas offices submit more than 3,000 reports per year, approximately half of which are scheduled periodic reports." [Web site]
Specific publications include: Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and Standards (FAIRS) Reports; GAIN Reports; and Attaché Reports.
72. Commodities and Products. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/commodities.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Access to crop- and product-specific information (including organic foods, fruits and vegetables and biofuels) as well as the Production, Supply and Distribution (PS&D) online database; International Agricultural Trade Commodity Experts contact directory; and the innovative Crop Explorer - USDA's graphic display of agro-meteorological indicators offering near-real-time global crop condition information based on satellite imagery and weather data.
73. Directory of State Food Export Certificate Authorities. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/itp/ofsts/exportcertif/exportcertifdirectory/search_form.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "Most food export certificates are issued at the state level, and this directory provides contact information for state certificate authorities. Select from the list of States and then click on the Search button to retrieve certificate authority contact information, and also the types of certificates that each authority issues." [Web site]
74. FAIRS [Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and Standards] Export Certificate GAIN Reports. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/scriptsw/AttacheRep/default.asp (accessed 11/23/07) (Under "Option 1: Search by Date and Commodities/Countries," select "Use date received;" under "Custom" select date span; and in the "Commodities" menu, FAIRS Export Certificate Report and country of interest.)Description: Global Agriculture Information Network (GAIN) annual reports provide guidance on export certificate requirements for a representative sample of products that have been identified as having excellent prospects in each country.
75. FAS Overseas Offices (Directory). URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/scriptsw/fasfield/ovs_directory_search.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "FAS staffs 101 offices in 81 countries around the world. FAS Foreign Service Officers (FSO) and Locally-Employed Staff (LES) - while not maintaining a physical presence - also monitor and report on the agricultural trade matters of an additional 71 countries." [Web site]
76. Import Programs. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/importprograms.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Includes access to FAS U.S. Enquiry Point as required under the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures for all WTO member inquiries related to SPS regulations; U.S. Sugar Programs; U.S. Dairy Import Program; and U.S. Tariff Schedule. It also provides a quick links directory to other USDA/U.S. Government Agencies with import information.
77. Statistical Market Information. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/data.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: FAS offers several different databases for data on international agricultural trade. These databases are maintained by FAS and other U.S. government agencies.
78. Trade Agreements. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/itp/agreements.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Lists and links to final regional agreements, free trade agreements, and FAS' bilateral agreements agreements between the United States and individual countries.
79. U.S. Exporter Assistance. URL: http://www.fas.usda.gov/agx/exporter_assistance.asp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Site provides many instructional materials, directories, data and contacts regarding: export basics, partners and trade leads, market research, counseling and advocacy, trade events, export programs, export finance, export certificates, shipping requirements and documentation, and pricing, quotes and negotiations.
80. USDA, Grain Inspection Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA).
Homepage: http://www.gipsa.usda.gov (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "GIPSA offers various services that keep America's grain flowing to our international customers. We provide information for grain exporters, educational programs, outreach programs, marketing documents that address the requirements of importing countries, and programs to address grain quality or quantity discrepancies between buyer and seller." [Web site] GIPSA also offers data and statistical products that provide information about America's grain and livestock markets.
81. International Services. URL: http://www.gipsa.usda.gov/GIPSA/webapp?area=home&subject=grpi&topic=is (accessed 11/15/07) Description: GIPSA provides international assistance programs including information for exporters of grain, oilseeds, or related commodities about registration, quality and weight certification, phytosanitary certification, shipper's export declaration (SED), embargoes, and ag exporter assistance. It also offers various marketing documents to address importing countries' requirements.
82. Exporter Registration. URL: http://www.gipsa.usda.gov/GIPSA/webapp?area=home&subject=grpi&topic=er (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "The United States Grain Standards Act (USGSA), 7 U.S.C. 87f-1, requires the registration of all persons engaged in the business of buying grain for sale in foreign commerce. In addition, those individuals who handle, weigh, or transport grain for sale in foreign commerce must register." [Web site]
83. Finding a Service Provider (Directory). URL: http://www.gipsa.usda.gov/GIPSA/webapp?area=home&subject=fc&topic=fsp (accessed 11/15/07) Description: See also: Directory of Export Elevators at Export Port Locations including Facility Data, GIPSA, 2003: http://archive.gipsa.usda.gov/pubs/exp_elevator_directory.pdf (accessed 11/15/07).
84. U.S. Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Statistics (FTD). Homepage: http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/www/index.html (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Information about Automated Export System (AES), classification systems, Schedule B forms and changes, export regulations seminars, as well as import and export data.
85. U.S. Department of Commerce. Homepage: http://www.commerce.gov/ (accessed 11/16/07)
86. Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS). Homepage: http://www.bis.doc.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "BIS's activities include regulating the export of sensitive goods and technologies in an effective and efficient manner; enforcing export control, antiboycott, and public safety laws; cooperating with and assisting other countries on export control and strategic trade issues; assisting U.S. industry to comply with international arms control agreements; and monitoring the viability of the U.S. defense industrial base and seeking to ensure that it is capable of satisfying U.S. national and homeland security needs." [Web site] Includes access to Export Administration Regulations (EAR) - official regulations and policies governing the export licensing of commodities and technical data - information and database.
87. International Trade Administration (ITA). Homepage: http://www.ita.doc.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "ITA's mission is to create prosperity by strengthening the competitiveness of U.S. industry, promoting trade and investment, and ensuring fair trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements. Trade.gov provides you access to ITA's valuable information and services regarding U.S. international trade policy. For those businesses wanting to expand their export markets, visit the U.S. Government Export Portal, export.gov." [Web site]
88. Export.Gov. Note: Formerly known as the Trade Information Center (TIC) Contact: 1-800-USA Trade (toll free); e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com Homepage: http://www.export.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: "Export.gov brings together resources from across the U.S. Government to assist American businesses in planning their international sales strategies and succeed in today's global marketplace. From market research and trade leads from the U.S. Department of Commerce's Commercial Service to export finance information from Export-Import Bank and the Small Business Administration to agricultural export assistance from USDA, Export.gov helps American exporters navigate the international sales process and avoid pitfalls such as non-payment and intellectual property misappropriation." [Web site] Contact directories accessed from this site: - Manufacturing and Services Analysts, http://web.ita.doc.gov/td/shared/tdindus.nsf/Industries (accessed 11/15/07) - U.S. Export Assistance Offices, http://www.buyusa.gov/home/us.html (accessed 11/15/07) - Offices Worldwide, http://www.buyusa.gov/home/worldwide_us.html (accessed 11/15/07)
89. Commerce Offices and Services Near You (Directory). URL: http://www.commerce.gov/statemap2.html (accessed 11/15/07)
90. U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Homepage: http://www.customs.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07)
91. Trade. URL: http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/trade/ (accessed 6/24/08) Description: Access all Customs and Border Protection program areas related to importing and exporting as well as specific publications, forms and other related documentation.
92. CBP Contacts. URL: http://www.customs.gov/xp/cgov/toolbox/contacts/ (accessed 11/15/07) Description: Find directories for CBP Attaches, Field Operations Offices, Ports of Entry and CBP Service Ports.
93. Import. URL: http://www.customs.gov/xp/cgov/trade/priority_trade/import_safety/ (accessed 6/24/08) Description: Information about: Antidumping and Countervailing Duties (ADCVD); Broker Management; Cargo Control; Cargo Summary; Carriers; Commercial Enforcement; Communications to Trade; Duty Rates/HTS; Informed Compliance; Infrequent Importer/Traveler; International Agreements; Operations Support; Regulatory Audit; Textiles and Quotas; and Trade Initiatives.
94. National Agriculture Release Program (NARP). URL: http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/trade/priority_trade/agriculture/narp/ (accessed 6/24/08) Description: "On January 8, 2007 U.S. Customs and Border Protection implemented the National Agriculture Release Program. NARP provides a methodology for evaluating high-volume agriculture imports that are low-risk for the introduction of plant pests and plant diseases into the United States." [Web site]
95. Bioterrorism. URL: http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/trade/priority_trade/import_safety/bioterrorism/ (accessed 6/24/08) Description: "The Bioterrorism Act (BTA) is intended to protect the health and safety of the people of the United States from an intended or actual terrorist attack on the nation's food supply." [Web site] Documentation at this site includes Trade Guidance for Bioterrorism Act (BTA) Importations; Frequently Asked Questions and Answers Regarding CBP Procedures under the Bioterrorism Act (BTA); FDA-Required Prior Notice for Imported Food and Beverages; and Enforced Compliance and Penalties Implementation Procedures for the Bioterrorism Act.
96. Bringing Agricultural Products into the United States. September, 2004. URL: http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/travel/clearing/agri_prod_inus.xml (accessed 6/24/08) Description: Information for international travelers.
97. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Contact: 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville MD 20857; 888-INFO-FDA (1-888-463-6332) (toll free). Homepage: http://www.fda.gov/ (accessed 11/15/07)
98. Office of International Programs. Contact (procedural questions and updates on import policy and programs): FDA, Division of Import Operations and Policy (DIOP); 301-443-6553; fax 301-594-0413. URL: http://www.fda.gov/oia/homepage.htm (accessed 11/16/07) Description: This page provides information about international FDA programs related to food and cosmetics (including certificates for export of foods and cosmetics); animal drugs and feeds; imports and inspections; international harmonization and arrangements; and information disclosure to foreign governments. It also includes directories: international offices ("Who we are"); International Organizations and Foreign Government Agencies; and International Trade Resources.
99. Office of Regulatory Affairs (ORA) Import Start Page. URL: http://www.fda.gov/ora/import/default.htm (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Find "information related to products subject to FDA's control of foods (except for certain meats and poultry products), drugs (human, animal and biological)… offered for entry into the United States through U.S. Customs, in support of FDA's regulatory activities." [Web site] Access FDA's Automated Import System (OASIS), Product Code Builder and more.
100. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Cosmetics: International Activities. URL: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Ecomm/intl-toc.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Information about international harmonization; trade agreements and related activities; outreach and technical assistance; regulatory enforcement, compliance and inspections; food safety and terrorism; importing into the United States and exporting from the United States.
101. Exporting Food and Cosmetics from the United States. URL: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/exports.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Topics include Import for Export; Food Ingredients and Packaging; Food Labeling and Nutrition; Pesticides, Metals, Chemical Contaminants and Natural Toxins; and Seafood Imports and Exports. See also: Questions and Answers about certificates for export of foods and cosmetics.
102. Importing Food and Cosmetics into the United States. URL: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/imports.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Information about FDA actions on bioterrorism legislation including registration of food facilities and "prior notice" of imported foods; FDA import procedures (also available in other languages); U.S. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) Market Access Pathways for Food, Feeds, and Agricultural Products (chart); an FDA/USDA jurisdictional chart; and import alerts and import detention reports
104. U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA), Office of International Trade. Homepage: http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/internationaltrade/index.html (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Resources on this site include information about export loan programs and a directory of local SBA U.S. Export Assistance Centers.
105. Export Library.
Full text: http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/internationaltrade/exportlibrary/index.html
Description: Titles include: Export Working Capital Program: Frequently Asked Questions; SBA & Ex-Im Bank Co-Guarantee Program: Description; and How the SBA Helps Small Exporters.
106. TradePort - California's Gateway to Global Trade. Homepage: http://www.tradeport.org/ (accessed 11/16/07) Description: "TradePort is a repository of free information and resources for businesses that seek to conduct international trade to and from California. Created in 1996, TradePort is backed by an alliance of regional trade associations that assist California export and import businesses. " [Web site]
Selected International General Food Law and Policy Sites
To find out more about international agricultural product and food-related legislation and policies that may impact a trade enterprise, start with the organizations and sources presented in this section.
107. Food Law Web Site. University of Reading (UK), The School of Food Biosciences. URL: http://www.foodlaw.rdg.ac.uk/(accessed 6/24/08) Description: Developed by Dr. D. J. Jukes. Extensive coverage of international news, government agencies, and regulations with emphasis on the UK and Europe. Use the Search Page functions to find items about organic food regulation.
108. IFT Food Laws and Regulations Division. Institute of Food Technologists (IFT). URL: http://www.ift.org/divisions/food_law/ (accessed 11/23/07) Description: Access the "Links" section to find related associations: U.S. government and judicial agencies; U.S. state and local agencies; libraries; private and academic sources.
109. Food Regulation and Trade: Toward a Safe and Open Global System, by Tim Josling, Donna Roberts and David Orden. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 2004. xiv, 232p. Information/abstract only: http://www.ifpri.org/pubs/otherpubs/foodregtrade.htm (accessed 11/16/07) Description: Book "Examines a variety of current and potential food regulatory issues to determine the nature of the trade problems they invoke, how they are related to national regulatory policies, and the potential for improvement in the multilateral framework within which the national regulations operate. Considers the control of animal and plant pests and diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans; food safety and control of other types of food-related health hazards; the regulation of food quality, in particular through the provision of information to guide consumer choice; and the regulation of quality-related process issues, including issues of genetically modified foods, the certification of organic foods, and the welfare of animals in intensive livestock production." [Publisher's Web site]
110. Foodsafety.Gov: International (Web Site Directory). URL: http://www.foodsafety.gov/~fsg/fsgintl.html (accessed 11/23/07) Description: Links to Food Safety agencies and organizations: Federal Government, International Organizations, Other Countries.
111. FAOLEX. United Nations, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Homepage: http://faolex.fao.org/faolex/index.htm (accessed 12/05/07) Description: "Comprehensive and up-to-date computerized legislative database, the world's largest electronic collection of national laws and regulations, as well as treaties, on food, agriculture and renewable natural resources. Users of FAOLEX have direct access to the abstracts and indexing information about each text, as well as to the full text of most legislation contained in the database." [Web site] Various search options including topic, geographic area, country and type of text.
112. International Food Legislation Online Guide. Leatherhead Food International, 2004? Information/abstract only: http://www.leatherheadfood.com/lfi/submenu.asp?item=3218&subsection=51 (accessed 11/23/07) Description: UK database that covers, "permitted additives and general labelling requirements for 23 major export markets, including the EU Member States, Japan, Australia/New Zealand and USA/Canada. Key information on regulatory provisions for chocolate and sugar confectionery, soft drinks, jams and similar products and meat products is also detailed." [Web site] Searchable, updated monthly. Access by paid subscription.
113. International Portal on Food Safety, Animal and Plant Health (IPFSAPH). Homepage: http://www.ipfsaph.org/En/default.jsp (accessed 11/23/07 Sub Web links not working) Description: IPFSAPH facilitates trade in food and agriculture products and supports the implementation of the Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement by providing a single access point for authorized official international and national information across the sectors of food safety, animal and plant health. " [Web site] Featured topics include: Export; Good Agriculture Practices (GAP); HACCP; Import; and Legislation/Regulation. Developed by FAO in association with the organizations responsible for international standard setting in sanitary and phytosanitary matters. Several search options available.
114. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries. Homepage: http://www.oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_33727_1_1_1_1_1,00.html (accessed 11/23/07) Description: "Many governments intervene actively in the agriculture, food and fisheries sectors, but not always in the most efficient and effective ways. Information, analysis and advice on practical and innovative options for the reform and development of policies and the liberalisation of trade are offered." [Web site] This inter-governmental organization with 30 member countries offers many full-text resources including policy and market reports, statistics, and data on indicators and trade programs. See also information organized by member country: http://www.oecd.org/countrieslist/0,3351,en_33873108_33844430_1_1_1_1_1,00.html (accessed 11/23/07).
115. United Nations World Health Organization (WHO): Food Safety. Homepage: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/en/ (accessed 11/23/07) Description: "Recent trends in global food production, processing, distribution and preparation are creating an increasing demand for food safety research in order to ensure a safer global food supply. FOS works with other WHO departments, Regional Offices and WHO collaborating centres as well as other international and national agencies." [Web site]
116. World Trade Organization (WTO). Homepage: http://www.wto.org/ (accessed 11/23/07)
Description: "The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WHO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world's trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business." [Web site] Access information on agricultural agreements and issues, food safety and phytosanitary topics as well as international trade and tariff statistics.
117. Agriculture. URL: http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/agric_e/agric_e.htm (accessed 8/8/05) Description: "The WTO's Agriculture Agreement was negotiated in the 1986 94 Uruguay Round and is a significant first step towards fairer competition and a less distorted sector. It includes specific commitments by WTO member governments to improve market access and reduce trade-distorting subsidies in agriculture. These commitments are being implemented over a six year period (10 years for developing countries) that began in 1995." [Web site] Information about New rules; Market access; Domestic support; Exports; Net food importers; Mandates; Agreements; Proceedings; Negotiations; and a Searchable database of agriculture-related documents.
118. The Agreements: Agriculture: Fairer Markets for Farmers. URL: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm3_e.htm (accessed 11/23/07) Description: Guide to provisions and intent of WTO agreements pertaining to trade in agricultural products.
119. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. URL: http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/sps_e.htm (accessed 11/23/07) Description: "An agreement on how governments can apply food safety and animal and plant health measures (sanitary and phytosanitary or SPS measures) sets out the basic rules in the WTO." [Web site]
120. WTO Documents Online. URL: http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/docs_e.htm(accessed 6/24/08) Description: "This database provides access to the official documentation of the World Trade Organization, including the legal texts of the WTO agreements." [Web site]
Index to Agencies, Organizations and Titles
Administrative Measures for Certification of Organic Products 2005 [China] 39
The Agreements: Agriculture: Fairer Markets for Farmers (WTO) 118
Attaché Reports 8, 71
Bioterrorism 95
Bringing Agricultural Products into the United States 96
Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) 86
Canada Organic Regime: A Certified Choice 35
CBI AccessGuide 47
CBP Contacts 92
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Cosmetics: International Activities 100
Codex Alimentarius - Organically Produced Foods 21
Commerce Offices and Services near You (Directory) 89
Commodities and Products 72
Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Effects of Federal Regulation for Organic Products 36
Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 On Organic Production and Labelling of Organic Products and Repealing Regulation (EEC) No. 2092/91 45
Country Profile: China 42
Directory of State Food Export Certificate Authorities 73
Diversity of Livestock Systems and Definition of Animal Welfare, Proceedings of the Second NAHWOA Workshop, Cordoba, 8-11 January 2000 29
Export Arrangements and Recognition Agreements 30
Export Arrangements with Japan 49
Export.gov 88
Export Inspection and Weighing Waiver for High Quality Specialty Grains Transported in Containers 10
Export Library 105
Export Potential for Organics: Opportunities and Barriers [Australia] 32
Exporter Registration 82
Exporting Food and Cosmetics from the United States 101
FAIRS [Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and Standards] Export Certificate GAIN Reports 74
FAO/WHO Food Standards Codex Alimentarius 20
FAS Overseas Offices (Directory) 75
Finding a Service Provider (GIPSA Directory) 83
Food Export Association of the Midwest USA 16
Food Export USA (Northeast) 14
Food Law Web Site 107
Food Regulation and Trade: Toward a Safe and Open Global System 109
Foodsafety.gov: International (Web Site Directory) 110
Foreign Accredited Certifying Agents 3
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), U.S Department of Agriculture 5
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual 64
How Will Imported Organic Agricultural Product Be Handled under the National Organic Standards? 4
IFT Food Laws and Regulations Division 108
Import 93
Importing Food and Cosmetics into the United States 102
International Agricultural Trade 57
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) 22
International Food Legislation Online Guide 112
International Harmonization 23
International Issues (NOP) 2
International Marketing Services 59
International Organic Accreditation Service (IOAS) 24
International Portal on Food Safety, Animal and Plant Health (IPFSAPH) 113
International Resources - Organizations, Standards, Regulations, and Information (FAS) 7
International Trade Administration (ITA) 87
Japan: Organic Products: U.S. Organic Export to Japan: Export Procedures 2004 50
Korea, Republic of: Organic Products: Organic Certificate Requirements 2004 52
Mexico's Organic Products Law 2006 53
National Agriculture Release Program (NARP) 94
National Organic Program (NOP) 1
New Organic Products Market Brief 2001 55
The Non-Hormone Treated Cattle (NHTC) Program 60
OECD Workshop on Organic Agriculture, 23-26 September 2002, Washington D.C., United States 28
Office of International Programs (FDA) 98
Office of Regulatory Affairs (FDA, ORA) Import Start Page 99
OneCert International Organic Standards 31
Organic and Natural Foods Sector Profile: Mexico 54
Organic Directory Online 25
Organic Farming [EU] 43
Organic Farming - Facts and Figures [EU] 44
Organic Farming in Europe - Country Reports 46
Organic Food Development Center, SEPA of China (OFDC) 41
Organic Guarantee System 26
Organic Link 19
Organic Livestock Production Standards 29
Organic Production [Canada] 33
Organic Products (FAS) 6
Organic Products [Canada] 34
Organic Products Market in China 2006 [China, Peoples Republic of, Organic Products] 40
The Organic Sector: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats and Associated Key Issues 37
Organic Trade Association (OTA) 11
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries 114
OTA's Organic Export Program 12
Phytosanitary Regulation of the Entry of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables into the United States 67
Policies Supporting Organic Food Markets in the EU: Analyses by Stakeholders in 11 European Countries 48
Policy Dialogue on Promoting Production and Trading Opportunities for Organic Agricultural Products 18
Prior Notice of Imported Foods, Prior Notice System Interface (PNSI) 103
Proposed Japanese Agricultural Standards for Organic Livestock 51
Quarantine 56, 65
Recent Canadian Wholesale Prices for Organic Fruit and Vegetables 38
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 119
Southern U.S. Trade Association (SUSTA) 15
State Regional Trade Groups (SRTGs) 13
Statistical Market Information 77
Taiwan's Market for Organic Products: 2000 56
Trade 91
Trade Agreements (FAS) 78
TradePort - California's Gateway to Global Trade 106
Transportation Services Branch (AMS TSB): Exporter Assistance 61
U.S. Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Statistics (FTD) 84
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) 90
U.S. Department of Commerce 85
U.S. Exporter Assistance (FAS) 79
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 97
U.S. Mission to the European Union: Organic Foods 9
U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA), Office of International Trade 104
UNCTAD/ FAO/ IFOAM International Task Force on Harmonisation and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture 27
United Nations World Health Organization (WHO): Food Safety 115
USDA, Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) 58
USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) 62
USDA, Economic Research Service (ERS) 66
USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) 68
USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) 70
USDA, Grain Inspection Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA) 80
Western U.S. Agricultural Trade Association (WUSATA) 17
World Trade Organization (WTO) 116
WTO Documents Online 120
Index to Book and Article Authors
Bugang, Wu 39
Chavez, Luis 53
Christianson, Russ 37
Chung, Seung Ah 52
Dabbert, Stephan 48
Greene, Christina 40
Haring, Anna Maria 48
Ito, Kenzo 50
Jewison, Michael 40
Josling, Tim 109
MacRae, Rod 37
Martin, Ralph 37
McKinna, David 32
Mei, Yang 40
Orden, David 109
Perng, Chiou Mey 56
Roberts, Donna 109
Sharma, Vinita 55
Vairo, Daniela 48
Zanoli, Raffaele 48
About the Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
The Alternative Farming Systems Information
Center (AFSIC) specializes in locating and accessing information related to
many aspects of sustainable and alternative agriculture, crops and livestock -
sustainable and organic crop and livestock farming systems; renewable farm
energy options; alternative marketing practices; crop and livestock diversification
including aquaculture, exotic and heritage farm animals, alternative and
specialty crops, new uses for traditional crops, and crops grown for industrial
production; and small farm issues.
AFSIC was founded in 1985 and is an integral
part of the National Agricultural Library (NAL) in Beltsville, Maryland. The Center is supported, in part, by USDA's Sustainable Agriculture Research and
Education (SARE) program, and a cooperative agreement with the University of Maryland, College Park, MD. NAL is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA) and the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS).
A current list of AFSIC information products
and full-text publications are available electronically on the AFSIC Web site.
Recent publications are also available, on request, in hard copy.
For further information:
Farming Systems Information Center
National Agricultural Library, ARS, USDA
10301 Baltimore Ave., Room 132
Beltsville MD 20705-2351
phone: 301-504-6559; fax: 301-504-6927
E-mail form: http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/contact/ask.php
Web site: http://afsic.nal.usda.gov/
For more information about
National Agricultural Library policy and disclaimers: http://www.nal.usda.gov/disclaimers/disclaimers.shtml