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So we know the winner of the Tour de France. For the moment. That, at least, everyone can agree with. And, to be honest, that is about all that is agreed in the conversations about Chris Froome, wearer of the sparkliest yellow jersey in Tour history. Any other statement would be - to be polite about it - a matter for debate, for conjecture, discussion, argument, confrontation and downright jeremiad. For the seemingly simple statement "Chris Froome won the 2013 Tour de France" is analysed more than reported. When it is headline news that one journalist believes something, and another journalist may (or may not) disagree with him, you know that the shark has been not so much jumped as pole vaulted.
And yet, for all the pixels and gigabytes and interviews and statements of belief or incredulity, one thing stands out to me. Certainly, the subjects of the declarative sentences are Chris Froome in all his various guises - tour winner, bike racer, attacker, team Sky leader, come from nowhere man - but for all the focus and attention over the last three weeks, we actually know very little about this super thin, super polite, super calm man whose most aggressive statement to date has been "not cool". This is for one very simple reason: we are not actually talking about him.
So, if not Froome, what are we talking about? To start with we are talking about uncertainty, and our human desire to combat or remove it on all possible occasions. Road racing is a majestic sport, but one that is not - and can never be - absolute. It is the ultimate in comparative human endeavour. Take a cyclist riding up a hill. Look at him... with no-one around him. No-one to compare him to. Is he riding well? Is he on a super day? Or is he in a state of collapse? It is almost impossible to tell. He could be breathing normally, looking like he was going on a Sunday club ride... and I give you TJ VG, rolling into irrelevance up Ventoux. Or he could be wrenching the bike around, body stiff, head to one side and mouth agape: and be Cadel Evans, riding for the Tour win on the Alpe. Beyond the most obvious square pedalling, the only way to tell whether a cyclist is going fast or slow is to compare him to another cyclist. And that has its own challenges - since we don't know how fast of slow that comparative cyclist is going, either. And so, lost in a fog of comparative unknowns, we reach for the certainty of data, of times on a climb, of watts per kilo, of VAM. Never mind that the assumptions and data that go into the calculations are estimates of various quality, never mind that the calculations themselves are hypotheses, never mind that the results are dominantly influenced by outside conditions which vary from race to race and even minute to minute, and most of all never mind that they completely miss the purpose of what is going on out there ("How well did you do today, Chris?" "Oh, I averaged 6.23 watts per kilo"). The human mind craves certainty, we seek data and cling to it like the proverbial downing man and his raft. Cycling's beautiful, outdoor, chaotic nature is, at its very core, resistant to comparison and measurement, and we as fans - perhaps programmed by the digital age we live in - reject that with all the strength that an untested, unverifiable hypothesis can muster.
Of course, if we were just interested in this one bike race, this data would have much less allure. X won, Y lost, would be sufficient. But we aren't talking about this winner - or at least, not about this winner, per se. We are talking about this bike race compared to history. Is he better than Lance, better than Pantani, better than LeMond? And there is literally no way to tell. For a sport that is not so much steeped in history as marinaded in it, there are remarkably few quantifiable benchmarks. We are the anti-baseball. The urge for measurement has really only exploded in the last few years, so comparisons across eras are anecdotal and impressionistic, and more troubling because of it. LeMond (contractual obligations compel us to refer to him as "the only American winner of the yellow jersey") was asked "could you have beaten Chris Froome?" as if it were a meaningful question. And in cycling, perhaps it is. To state that cycling is backwards looking is to reach pub bore levels of obviousness, but in some ways the sport's narrative is framed as the opposite of the Whig theory of history: it peaked at Eddie, and has been getting worse ever since. Most sports judge themselves by evolution and progress. Road racing views itself via a rear view mirror. So as Froome accelerates up towards the summit, in our eyes he is not so much racing his competitors (we know how he is doing against them) but against his predecessors.
And why is that? Well, perhaps 840 words into this post, it is time to acknowledge the D word. From the moment CF jumped out from behind Porte on the road to Aix 3 Domaine, I would be surprised if there was a single press article, blog post, tv interview or 140 character tweet which managed to mention "Froome" without also containing "allegation". And here, the conversation became rapidly self-consumptive: "How fast is he going?" Who really knows. "Is he faster than Armstrong?" No idea, and if he is, what of it? And all because of "IS HE DOPING?" And here, we are really not talking about Chris Froome, not in any meaningful sense. We are talking of Chris Froome "the leader of the Tour de France". You could change the subject of the sentence, but not the verb or the object. If Nairo Quintana had won the Tour (and remember that cycling is comparative) HE would be the subject of the polemica. In our post Armstrong landscape, to win is to be suspicious. What is the cause of the suspicion? Well, the charges seemed to break down into a number of categories*. Firstly, he rode really fast - which the less cynical amongst you would have thought was the aim of the game. Secondly he appeared to accelerate really fast - again, the object of the exercise, though exacerbated by the fact that we have no idea how much he was actually accelerating, or how long, or to what speed. And finally, the few measurables we could vaguely convince ourselves were reliable seemed to indicate that the only person who would be capable of producing what (we thought) he was doing would be a physiological freak. Which, in the hardest endurance sport in the world, is again, dare I say it, rather the point. Darwin is at work, and my goodness the workforce is evolving.
*Yes, I am aware of both Leinders and Tenerife. But come on, really?
And consider this: anyone who has followed cycling for less than twenty five years - a quarter of a century - has literally no idea what an undoped performance looks like. None. Yes, there may be a clean grand tour winner somewhere in the mix between 1991ish and (say, to be charitable) 2010, but the fact that we cannot point to one is telling in itself. Dope has not only taken over the racing, it has destroyed the record. People look at an acceleration and say "must be doped" - but how do they know? We simply have no real idea as to how good a clean rider can be, with application and focus. Take any sport in the world, and look at video of it from the 1980s. I guarantee that it will look - to modern eyes - clumsy, small, fat, unfit and generally incompetent. The performance world has moved on so far, that knowable pre doping exploits are simply irrelevant for use in judging today's athletes. For good or ill, if this sport is largely clean - and I acknowledge the IF - we have effectively a brand new sport. What we are talking about is terra incognita.
Note also the question: "Are you clean? Do you dope?". The lack of specificity is key. Well informed observers now have a relatively good understanding of the types of doping that are possible, and what effects are achieved. EPO (either macro or micro dosed) and autologous blood transfusions have different effects, requirements and profiles. HGH and steroids are different again. But Froome wasn't being asked about specific instances which fit a known pattern - he was being asked about the Dragon Dope. A catch all charge like "doping?" speaks as much to the knowledge and agenda of the questioner than it does the activities of the target. These weren't interviews: we were watching an exorcism.
But as for all exorcisms, the demons are at least partly in ourselves. For all the challenge, interview and debate nominally about Froome, I think it is actually us we were talking about. Froome was simply the prism through which we looked. We were talking about a history of betrayal, a litany of fraud. We were mourning for lost innocence, for an age where we could - rightly or wrongly - believe in what we were seeing. We were picking over the bones of the Fall. It isn't a coincidence that our reference points were Pantani, Armstrong, USPS. The line that "Sky* were racing like Postal" was trotted out with monotonous regularity, despite the fact that it was painfully obvious that it wasn't true, and that for the few moments it was, it was highly explicable via the simple medium of the god sterling. Journalists were atoning for their dereliction of duty, for their wilful cheerleading, for their incompetence, for their cravenness. Fans were paying penance for their gullibility, for their belief, and yes - for their cheerleading. The debate around Froome was, at its heart, a promise never to be fooled again. Sadly it came out closer to a vow of perpetual cynicism. And equally sadly, like all acts of contrition, it is likely to be forgotten.
* An aside about Sky: I am sure that some of the debate around Froome was driven at least in part by his sponsor - though why a commercial investment by an international media company should be any worse as a source of money than a large telecoms company, a financial services trading house, the Russian Oligarchy, or alternatively the Kazakhstan state's desire to support the ambitions of a known doper is a mystery to me. It may also be a reaction against a perceived style or racing - despite the fact that that style wasn't deployed by Sky (who weren't capable of it when push came to shove) but was deployed by SaxoBank (incompetently) and Movistar (succesfully). Again, the beauty of cycling is in the eye of the beholder.
The future winner of the Tour came into the race as a cypher. We knew he could time trial, we knew he could climb, we knew he came from Africa and was fair haired and improbably skinny, even for a professional cyclist. And we might vaguely recognise his polite, low key voice with its gently lilt and lisp. Now, despite winning the race with explosive attacks and tactical savvy, and being buried in an avalanche of analysis, interview and profiling, we still barely know him. Which shouldn't surprise anyone - because, at its core, almost none of the discussion was actually about Chris Froome.
And Chris, I apologise for stealing your title. It seemed appropriate.


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As we mentioned a couple Fridays ago, we're going to spend the next 10 days highlighting all of the authors selected for Granta's _"Best of Young Spanish-Language Novelists" special issue. All past and future posts related to this issue can be found by clicking here.
Today's post—which is going up a bit late, sorry—features Spanish author Pablo Gutierrez whose new story, "Gigantomancy," was translated for this issue by Anna Kushner.
Something about Gutierrez really appeals to me . . . I think it's this line from his bio: "Currently a teacher of literature at a secondary school in Cadiz, he lives in peace and tranquility, very close to the sea." Oh, and by "appeals to me," I really mean, "makes me insanely jealous." I want some tranquility and seashore!
But seriously, Gutierrez is one of the youngest authors selected for this list, and already has a promising start to his career having won the Tormenta en us vaso Prize for best new author in Spanish for his first novel, Rosas, restos de alas.
Since Gutierrez's full story is available on Granta's website, I thought today I would just post a significant excerpt, so that you can get a taste of his work:
As cadets, we rubbed Coca-Cola on our soles so we wouldn't crack open our heads while playing outside. The dew soaked the concrete and we glided on the court like an aeroplane when it rains, our hands hidden in our fists, the pavement greasy beneath Saturday's frost, and just at the mouth of the airport, eleven pale giants fastened to the seats like packages, the pilot narrows his eyes so that the nose meets the blue lines, the wind, the rain, all of the gods' lightning illuminating our enormous jaws. On those winter courts, how we broadsided those boys from the Salesian school, there go the boys having taken communion – we used to say – there go the boys parading their embroidered crests, no one breathes until the aeroplane rushes on the runway and the pilot releases the brakes. A pitch-dark night: the sky falls in pieces over Treviso, it always rains in Treviso, what does it matter if from here to the hotel and from the hotel to the field we're watched by the guard dog, oh, how we bit as cadets, how we rushed at anyone, and one Saturday they came to see me from La Caja and they shook my hand like a gentleman, they said, aren't your parents home? Damn, you can really hit it, how would you like to try spending some time with us? La Caja! With Izquierdo and Lafuente and that tower of curls who was shooting at just fifteen years old, a trunk with elephant ankles who moved slooooowly like a mimic, but when he got it down court, oh, La Caja. My folks said fine, but only if you go on with school, and there was Mom, crying as if I were going off to Antarctica, don't cry, Mommy, I'll come home every weekend, all those hours on the bus that brings back the San Fernando recruits, heads shaved and bone-thin as lepers, sad and gloomy-faced with their backpacks hanging at their shoulders, their noses covered in pimples. Two breakfasts, meat at lunchtime, fish for supper, piles of vegetables on tin trays: we also made up an army, an army of gigantean kids with sharpened hands, prominent Adam's apples and the shadow of a moustache. We followed orders, we had leaders, punishments and uniforms, La Caja's uniform is so pretty, with gold borders, a name and number on the back, it was the first time I saw my name printed on a shirt, like an idiot I stared at it like someone who stares at the picture of his girlfriend, I would have slept in it if my room-mate hadn't laughed, serious as a monk and stretched-out and dry, he spent his time reading and he could throw well but didn't run much, and there you had to run like a deer, run and bust a gut during training so during games you could fly like Son Goku when he took his weights off, we hit any one of them with a hell of a lot of blows, it would be great if you could still play that way now, if it were that easy to glide right past your rivals like an aeroplane on the runway, jump that way, hit that way, laugh and always win that way, but everything now is fight and surround and bite down on your protector so they don't break your teeth, like here in Treviso when they ripped one of my molars out during the first charge, minute one and boom, down to the floor like a sparring, of course I wasn't even twenty years old then and I would be shaking as I came on to that court that had the appearance of a gym and the fans shake you from the minute you step on the sporting ring and Perotti the winger ripped my tooth out with a full contact blow of his elbow, I went running to the clinic so they could sew up the hole because I wouldn't stop haemorrhaging and there was a monsoon-like rain falling, imagine, a guy as big as a castle all covered in blood asking for a doctor, the nurse nearly fell right over at the sight of me, how the Italians shake you in Treviso or Bologna, each point is an Olympic battle, they grab on to your neck like Medusas, I don't have the heart or the patience any more but there's nothing else I know how to do, after what happened at the Forum, who would trust me, I thought I would end up training kids for a modest salary, I don't want a Nordic house on the peak of some mountain or yachts or cars that I can't park but after what happened at the Forum who would dare put me in a locker room with kids if all I'm good for is being moody and putting on weight, although I've also been quite refined and elegant and have kept some of that, like when we were up against Baskonia, down by two, and Otis had gotten the whistle in the fifth and in the last play, they set a trap for the skinny guy and I threw that rock that I thought would end up outside the pavilion but goddamn, it went in like Larry Bird hit them, the stands went wild, in Giants, they did a retrospective on me, I appeared in all the television news programmes, well, if this isn't going to be my day – I thought – but then what happened at the Forum came, and because of that I understand quite clearly that before the year is up, they're going to kick me out, if it would at least stop raining, if only I could take off this tracksuit and button up a real coat and escape from this hotel without telling anyone, just looking left and right in case the guard dog is making his rounds as if we were juniors, if only I could rip off this ridiculous smock that's hurled down on you from a fifth floor when you're over thirty years old, I'm fed up with being a walking adman for AGR Insurance and Univision Optics, if only I could slip away from this remote hotel dropped down on a traffic circle with decorated roundabouts and carpet-covered hallways and brass banisters, a forlorn, tiny receptionist who looks at me with round eyes from deep inside her cardboard uniform as if I were a sulphuric giant banging the counter asking for the Yellow Pages, the classifieds from the newspaper, for a taxi to take me to the city: to walk wildly, feeling splendid and lazy, sit down at a cafe and invite a blonde girl to join me, ask for a cream puff, wolf it down in one bite, make a call like in the last century from a telephone booth, talk to Luisa about the weather in Treviso, ask her if the little one is asleep already, no, not yet, she's cheating me in Parcheesi, tell her to get on the line, you're-so-far-away-I-have-a-burn-mark-on-my finger-I've-already-got-two-up-on-her, if I could, I would care very little about what happened at the Forum, but it's raining like in the Great Flood and I've become a prisoner of this room watched over by the guard dog, inside this walking adman costume, sharing a room with this little acrobat boy who thinks he is Vince Carter and who has been playing video games for two hours already, imprisoned as if I were at camp training a pony and riding zip-lines while Mom and Dad go off to Paris for a week to see if they can kiss each other there like they don't here, and even though I could escape and strip and get into that taxi, I would still be moving this mountain-like body crowned with the face of a chased aboriginal. On that peak, my forehead like a movie screen would stand out like the lamp of a lighthouse: the little blonde would squeeze her knees together like a girl who is peeing herself, there wouldn't be any cream puffs left at the pastry shop, in this century, there's no finding a telephone booth with anything more than an amputated cable hanging like a terrible extremity.
Humans against giants. All of those midgets spitting at me from the stands, hanging strips of toilet paper from my ears, urinating on my towel, calling me hair-raising things, the word repeated from their rounded mouths that sounds the same in every language, even syllables and fricatives and different I-don't know-whats always sound like the same thing.
Click here to pick up reading where this excerpt leaves off.
And don't forget: by subscribing to Granta while the "22 Days of Awesome" is going on, you'll receive this special issue featuring the next wave of Spanish-language novelists for free. (The issue retails for $16.99 FYI.)
Floating around the internet amid the hoopla of a new Haruki Murakami release, you may have come across a certain Murakami Bingo courtesy of Grant Snider. It is exactly what it sounds like, and it's funny because it's true,. . .
The publisher's blurb for Oleg Pavlov's The Matiushin Case promises the prospective reader "a Crime and Punishment for today," the sort of comparison that is almost always guaranteed to do a disservice to both the legendary dead and the ambitious. . .
One hundred years have passed since the start of World War I and it is difficult to believe that there are still novels, considered classics in their own countries, that have never been published in English. Perhaps it was the. . .
In the London of Hédi Kaddour's Little Grey Lies, translated by Teresa Lavender Fagan, peace has settled, but the tensions, fears, and anger of the Great War remain, even if tucked away behind stories and lies. Directly ahead, as those. . .
One of the greatest services—or disservices, depending on your viewpoint—Bertrand Russell ever performed for popular philosophy was humanizing its biggest thinkers in his History. No longer were they Platonic ideals, the clean-shaven exemplars of the kind of homely truisms that. . .
The best way to review Alejandra Pizarnik's slim collection, A Musical Hell, published by New Directions as part of their Poetry Pamphlet series, is to begin by stating that it is poetry with a capital P: serious, dense, and, some. . .
Upon completing Albertine Sarrazin's Astragal I was left to wonder why it ever fell from print. Aside from the location, Astragal could pass as the great American novel. Its edginess and rawness capture the angst and desires we all had. . .
When my eyes first crossed the back cover of Fabio Genovesi's novel Live Bait, I was caught by a blurb nestled between accolades, a few words from a reviewer for La Repubblica stating that the novel was, however magically, "[b]eyond. . .
"I preferred the war to the plague," writes Curzio Malaparte in his 1949 novel, The Skin. He speaks of World War II and the destruction it has wrought on Italy, the city of Naples in particular. But the plague he. . .
With the steady rise of feminist scholarship and criticism in recent decades, it is little wonder that the work of Louise Labé should be attracting, as Richard Sieburth tells us in the Afterword to his translation, a "wide and thriving". . .

subset: commoncrawl


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Rogue Legacy is a genealogical rogue-"LITE" where anyone can be a hero. Each time you die, your child will succeed you. Every child is unique. One child might be color blind, or they might have Tourette's. They could even be a dwarf.
That's OK because no one's perfect, and you don't have to be to win this game. But you do have to be pretty darn good because this game is HARD. Fortunately, every time you die, all of the gold you've collected can be used to upgrade your manor, giving your next child a step up in life and another chance at vanquishing evil.
Controller support: Rogue Legacy supports XInput and DirectInput controllers.
Minimum system requirements: Windows XP / Vista / 7, 1.6 GHz processor, 1 GB RAM, AMD X1950 Pro/Nvidia 7900 GT DirectX 9.0c-comaptible video card or better with 256 MB VRAM or more, Direct X 9.0c-compatible sound card, 400 MB HDD, keyboard, mouse.
Minimum system requirements (Mac): OS X 10.6.8 or later.Processor: 2.0 Ghz Intel Core 2 Duo Memory: 2 GB RAM Hard drive: 400 MB free. Graphics: OpenGL 3.0+ support (2.1 with ARB extensions acceptable) Recommended two-button mouse, or Apple mouse with Secondary Button / Secondary Click enabled. Patched to version 1.2.0b
Posted on 2013-06-27 17:23:47 byStewartA:
Contrary to what you might expect from the retro graphical style and the description that refers to it as a "rogue-LITE", Rogue Legacy is, well, a damned fun game that holds genuine potential.
The story, as you might expect, is a very barebones one, "Go into this spooky castle and find the cure for your father's ailment", and needless to say, is not really the focus of the game.read more Of course, that's probably not why you came to play this game.
Gameplay, simply put, is superb; the controls are nice and fluid, there is a huge amount of variation from playthrough to playthrough thanks to the randomly-generated castles, and the challenge level is high enough that you genuinely have to work at it in order to succeed.
The main gimmick of the game, that of a lineage of heroes going after one another in each playthrough, is actually well-done and adds genuine depth to the overall game. Because each new generation's heroes have their own distinct traits, advantages and disadvantages, all of which can seriously affect how said hero is played, it requires the player to not only pick their next character carefully, but also consider how best to modify their own methods to best use them.
In the end, I wholeheartedly recommend this game, and implore anyone with some free time to try it out.
Was this helpful?(139 of 151 people found this helpful)
Posted on 2013-06-27 16:12:42 byRalbelt:
This game is pretty good, reminiscent of games such a super ghost and goblins, castlevania, and some other metroidvanias out there. It also tries new stuff by adding in some elements from roguelikes.
A good blend, give it a try, if you don't like it, your descendants might.
Was this helpful?(76 of 99 people found this helpful)
Posted on 2013-06-29 06:07:18 byChrisHateZ:
This game is action platformer with RPG elements and perm-death but with progression shared among characters.
The game focuses on the gameplay, not so much on the story. Game is pretty fun and addictive but it's quite hard and can be very frustrating because you'll be dying very fast over and over again.
I would recommend this game for anyone who likes challenging but fun gamesread more because it's pretty damn good. If you however get frustrated fast or aren't very good with platformers you might want to pass on this one.
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Copyright(C) 2011-2013, Cellar Door Games Inc. Rogue Legacy(TM) is a trademark or registered trademark of Cellar Door Games Inc. All Rights Reserved.


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Samsung Joins Linux Foundation
The Linux Foundation welcomes Samsung Electronics as a Platinum member.
According to the announcement, Samsung's investments in Android and other Linux-based operating systems and tools are contributing to its success as the world's largest device maker. Samsung Electronics uses Linux throughout its company, across product lines, divisions, and geographies. By using Linux, the company can innovate on device design and functionality, offering a large variety of electronics products at varying price points.
By joining the Linux Foundation, Samsung Electronics is reiterating its commitment to Linux and investing its resources in a platform it believes will help sustain its global leadership position. According to the announcement, Samsung will work with The Linux Foundation on streamlining its participation with the kernel community and adopting open source best practices.
"The company's commitment to Linux and investment in its development firmly plants it in a position to continue its achievements in the mobile, embedded and consumer electronics markets. This is a strategic business decision that will result in advancing Samsung Electronics' success and accelerating Linux development work," said Jim Zemlin, executive director at The Linux Foundation. You can read more at: http://www.linuxfoundation.org/.
Issue 166/2014
Buy this issue as a PDF
Tag Cloud
Knoppix 7.4 Released
Klaus Knopper announces the latest version of his iconic Live Linux system.
PHP Attack Puts WordPress and Drupal at Risk
All websites that use these popular CMS tools could be vulnerable to denial of service attacks if users don't install the updates.
Heartbleed Bleeds On
According to a report, many potential victims of the Heartbleed attack have patched their systems, but few have cleaned up the crime scene to protect themselves from the effects of a previous intrusion.
Drone Brain Goes Open Source
DARPA and NICTA release the code for the ultra-secure microkernel system used in aerial drones.
Password Management Services Vulnerable to Attack
Should you trust an online service to store your online passwords?
New Raspberry Pi Adds Two USB Ports
New B+ board lets you build cool things without the complication of a powered USB hub.
Microsoft Grabs No-IP.com Domains
Redmond rushes in to root out alleged malware haven.
Firefox Steps into 3D
New initiative will bring futuristic virtual reality effects to the web surfing experience.
New Trojan Targets Online Banking
Dyreza malware launches a man-in-the-middle attack that compromises SSL.
HP Rolls Out Massive Cloud Network
New cloud combines worldwide access with local attention to data security.


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Women's tennis takes the NWC title
The women's tennis team traveled to Spokane, Wash., and finished the Northwest Conference season on top during the conference championships April 16 and 17 at Whitworth University.
Although the women had lost one match to Whitworth on March 11, the women prevailed during the championship and defeated the Pirates. The team dominated and came out in first place. The win automatically advances the 'Cats to the NCAA Division III Regional tournament.
The women won the match against the Pirates, 5-3, during the championship. Junior Abby Olbrich took the win in the No. 1 singles flight against the NWC Player of the Year, Whitworth senior Rachel Burns.
Senior Sarah Click also won in the No. 5 singles flight and clinched the conference win, which allowed senior Sarah Watanabe's match to remain unfinished.
"It felt great to be able to cinch the conference win. But to be honest, it was a team effort, and I wouldn't have even gotten that chance had it not been for the earlier hard work by the top four singles players," Click said in an email. "Their flight set me up to be in that position, as did Sarah [Watanabe], who was right next to me winning her match as well."
Although her match ended early, Watanabe said she was excited for the team's win.
"The tournament rule was play until the match was decided so I had to accept that," Watanabe said in an email. "Obviously, I would have liked to have contributed a win against Whitworth by winning singles, but I was very proud when we won."
Senior Sophie Larson won the No. 2 singles spot and freshman Caroline Brigham took the No. 4 position. Olbrich and Click made up the only Linfield doubles team that won.
"We focused on beating Whitman before taking down Whitworth. It really was one match at a time. We have known all along that we could beat them because we are a stronger team," Watanabe said in an email.
Click agreed with Watanabe about beating Whitworth.
"I knew going in to the conference tournament that we were going to compete well with Whitworth for the top spot. They are a tough team, especially in singles, but there wasn't a singles or doubles matchup that we couldn't win," she said in an email. "This weekend was an excellent opportunity to show that we weren't going home without a fight."
Linfield will compete next in the NCAA Division III Regionals on May 13-15. The time, place and opponent are to be determined.
Corrina Crocker/Sports editor
Corrina Crocker can be reached at email@example.com.


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Unite's regional secretary for London backs bus workers
TfL chiefs on six figure salaries are in line to earn Olympic bonuses worth 160 times more than bus workers are asking for.
These revelations will infuriate our members and serve to strengthen their resolve to fight for fairness. TfL have done nothing to help get the bus companies around the table to resolve this dispute. Since September last year TfL have consistently refused to get involved.
– Unite's regional secretary for London Peter Kavanagh
All they can do is condemn workers asking for a fair award for the massive increase in workload that they will face during this historic occasion.
There is no doubt that with the huge numbers of extra passengers and major congestion on London's roads, bus workers will be on the frontline, ensuring London runs smoothly during the Olympics.
TfL's approach to this dispute is a dereliction of duty to London, it is time they acted responsibly.


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Routes Sorted
L to R R to L Alpha
Run up the ladder starting from the beach. Once on the ledge drift right to find the start of the actual route. Climb up on large holds making a few tricky mantel moves. At the top following the bolts it is 10d. The original line, now a few feet left of the bolts is 11b.
Furthest rightmost route of the ones that start off the large ladder. The start is right next to the ladder that goes to the upper terrace.
7 Bolts and Anchors, Rebolted in 2005 with Titanium. Skip or clip the first bolt with a long draw to prevent rope drag.


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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a common condition in which round or ovoid painful ulcers recur on the oral mucosa. Etiology is unclear. Diagnosis is clinical. Treatment is symptomatic and usually includes topical corticosteroids.
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) affects 20 to 30% of adults and a greater percentage of children at some time in their life.
Etiology is unclear, but RAS tends to run in families. The damage is predominately cell-mediated. Cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-10, and, particularly, tumor necrosis factor-α, play a role.
Predisposing factors include
Allergy does not seem to be involved.
Factors that may, for unknown reasons, be protective include oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and tobacco, including smokeless tobacco and nicotine Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
-containing tablets.
Symptoms and signs usually begin in childhood (80% of patients are < 30 yr) and decrease in frequency and severity with aging. Symptoms may involve as few as one ulcer 2 to 4 times/yr or almost continuous disease, with new ulcers forming as old ones heal. A prodrome of pain or burning for 1 to 2 days precedes ulcers, but there are no antecedent vesicles or bullae. Severe pain, disproportionate to the size of the lesion, can last from 4 to 7 days.
Ulcers are well-demarcated, shallow, ovoid, or round and have a necrotic center with a yellow-gray pseudomembrane, a red halo, and slightly raised red margins.
Minor aphthae (Mikulicz's disease) account for 85% of cases. They occur on the floor of the mouth, lateral and ventral tongue, buccal mucosa, and pharynx; are < 8 mm (typically 2 to 3 mm); and heal in 10 days without scarring.
Major aphthae (Sutton's disease, periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens) constitute 10% of cases. Appearing after puberty, the prodrome is more intense and the ulcers are deeper, larger (> 1 cm), and longer lasting (weeks to months) than minor aphthae. They appear on the lips, soft palate, and throat. Fever, dysphagia, malaise, and scarring may occur.
Herpetiform ulcers (morphologically resembling but unrelated to herpes virus) account for 5% of cases. They begin as multiple (up to 100) 1- to 3-mm crops of small, painful clusters of ulcers on an erythematous base. They coalesce to form larger ulcers that last 2 wk. They tend to occur in women and at a later age of onset than do other forms of RAS.
Evaluation proceeds as described previously under stomatitis (see Stomatitis). Diagnosis is based on appearance and on exclusion, because there are no definitive histologic features or laboratory tests.
Primary oral herpes simplex may mimic RAS but usually occurs in younger children, always involves the gingiva and may affect any keratinized mucosa (hard palate, attached gingiva, dorsum of tongue), and is associated with systemic symptoms. Viral culture can be done to identify herpes simplex. Recurrent herpetic lesions are usually unilateral.
Similar recurrent episodes can occur with Behçet's syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, sprue, HIV infection, and nutritional deficiencies; these conditions generally have systemic symptoms and signs. Isolated recurrent oral ulcers can occur with herpes infection, HIV, and, rarely, nutritional deficiency. Viral testing and serum hematologic tests can identify these conditions.
Drug reactions may mimic RAS but are usually temporally related to ingestion. However, reactions to foods or dental products may be difficult to identify; sequential elimination may be necessary.
General treatments for stomatitis (see discussed in Treatment) may help patients with RAS. Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwashes and topical corticosteroids, the mainstays of therapy, should be used during the prodrome, if possible. The corticosteroid can be dexamethasone Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
0.5 mg/5 mL tid used as a rinse and then expectorated or clobetasol Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
ointment 0.05% or fluocinonide Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
ointment 0.05% in carboxymethylcellulose mucosal protective paste (1:1) applied tid. Patients using these corticosteroids should be monitored for candidiasis. If topical corticosteroids are ineffective, prednisone Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
(eg, 40 mg po once/day) may be needed for ≤ 5 days. Continuous or particularly severe RAS is best treated by a specialist in oral medicine. Treatment may require prolonged use of systemic corticosteroids, azathioprine Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
or other immunosuppressants, pentoxifylline Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
, or thalidomide Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
. Intralesional injections can be done with betamethasone Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
, dexamethasone Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
, or triamcinolone Some Trade Names
Click for Drug Monograph
. Supplemental B1, B2, B6, B12, folate, or iron lessens RAS in some patients.
Last full review/revision July 2012 by David F. Murchison, DDS, MMS
Content last modified July 2012
Oral Growths


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Summer 2007 | Stadio dei Marmi
By Christopher Harrity | FROM THE SUMMER 2007 ISSUE
?In northern Rome, surrounding a discreet soccer field, 60 erotic--both naked and adorned--white marble Olympic athletes tower above, preening themselves or staring seductively at each other across the stadium. The incredible Stadio dei Marmi, in the large Foro Italico sports complex, was a centerpiece of Mussolini's fascist Italy in the 1930s. Perhaps that is why the Stadio, with its statues, field, and running track, is absent from most travel books, gay or straight, and is known and used mostly by locals. The formidable 12-foot size of the Stadio dei Marmi statues is surreal, made more interesting by time: Over the last 75 years, bronze fig leaves have been added to cover some of the chiseled penises, creating an embarrassed modesty; but luckily, many of the athletes still stand proud in all their naked glory.?
Christopher Lucas, via e-mail
Send your own high-resolution travel photos to [email protected].


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LOUISVILLE, Ky. (WDRB) -- Already facing a removal hearing in just a few weeks -- embattled Metro Councilwoman Judy Green is taking on another fight.
The signs are posted that planning is under way for the annual Elliott Park Reunion.
"There's probably 600 people that come to that reunion every year," said Dr. Judy Green.
But despite the giant reminder -- for now -- there's no funding for the event.
"Based on everything else that has happened, I shouldn't be shocked," Green said.
This week, Green broke her silence for the first time in a long time to lash out at her colleagues on metro council's appropriations committee.
"My colleagues would not move that off the agenda to be voted on," Green said.
Green is facing a removal hearing after a metro ethics commission determined she mishandled city money.
"This is not about me, this is about my constituents," Green said.
Now Green believes some of her fellow council members are punishing district one constituents by failing to vote on funding for two organizations -- including the Elliott Park Reunion.
"Everybody held their heads down according to my sources," Green said.
"The two items that she's talking about are being held in committee right now," said Metro Council Spokesperson Tony Hyatt.
Hyatt says Green's items did not move forward because no one at her office was present to answer questions.
"As soon as questions are answered they'll move forward in the process just like any other piece of legislation," said Hyatt.
This all comes just a week after Green's attorney asked for and was denied a continuance in the removal hearing for health reasons.
"I see the handwriting on the wall; I realize that nobody plans to give me a fair hearing by the simple fact that they would not give me another week to get healed," said Green.
Which means the hearing will move forward in less than two weeks. But will Green be there?
"I may have to be there with a breathing machine but I am going to try to be there," said Green.
Green's removal hearing is still scheduled to start on September 12th.
Copyright 2011 WDRB News. All rights reserved.
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Reach into the farmer's toolbox to learn the steps in testing for corn nematodes in episode 11 of Corn College TV. Farm Journal Associate Field Agronomist Missy Bauer uses her experience to give you tips straight from the field. Bauer explains there are two timings, at harvest or early in the season four to six weeks after planting.
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Just wondering where yall are sitting on this glorius day. I got 10 tickets in the bleachers, thinkin im gonna go right field and yell @ Shef. 2 Years ago we actually had mench look up @ us and put his hand 2 his ear, one of the greatest games ive ever been apart of. I was a little intoxiciated bit that is niether here nor there. Any1 remember the chant??? whats the matter w/ Mench!!!??? HES A BUM.
ya, so who we got in the bleachers


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Robert J. Lang is recognized as one of the foremost origami artists in the world as well as
a pioneer in computational origami and the development of formal design algorithms for
folding. With a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Caltech, he has, during the course of work
at NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Spectra Diode Laboratories, and JDS Uniphase,
authored or co-authored over 80 papers and 45 patents in lasers and optoelectronics as
well as authoring, co-authoring, or editing 12 books and a CD-ROM on origami. He is
a full-time artist and consultant on origami and its applications to engineering problems
but keeps his toes in the world of lasers, most recently as the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE
Journal of Quantum Electronics from 2007–2010. He received Caltech's highest honor,
the Distiguished Alumni Award, in 2009 and was elected a Fellow of the American
Mathematical Society in 2013.
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I recently attended the SHOT Show (shooting, hunting and outdoor trades) in Las Vegas. It is the world's largest gathering of shooters, hunters, law enforcement, military special operations and other shooting-related industries. This year's show attracted more than 1,600 exhibitors and 60,000 people from all over the world.
AIN Blogs
Aw, c'mon, Textron. Seriously?
You don't want Electronic Arts (EA) to use depictions of some of your rotorcraft in the video game Battlefield 3? You're claiming that EA's use of images of the AH-1Z, UH-1Y and V-22 infringe on your trademark and dress right?
It took quite a while, but the FAA finally did the right thing—to a point—when it announced that it would give passenger-carrying airlines two years to institute new flight/duty time rules.
A total of 8,904 signatures on the petition, "Take User Fees Off the Table," apparently were not enough to change the mind of President Obama. Today the White House issued its response, which only serves to reiterate his position:
More than the usual number of reporters descended on the Pentagon January 5, hopeful of learning how, specifically, the Department of Defense will cull billions of dollars from its budget over the next decade. Would the troubled F-35 program be further restructured or reduced? Would the V-22 get clipped?
After four decades in aviation, having seen the best–and worst–of the industry, I am still moved by some of the unheralded work of the folks who work in and around aviation. While the heroes of flight (yes, Sully, you are one of them) do get the recognition they justly deserve, there are others in all kinds of occupations who do amazing work for little, if any, public recognition.
In my last blog post, I covered five of the most memorable moments from interviews I've conducted over the years for Business Jet Traveler. Here are another five. Just click on the names to read the full articles on Pascucci, Trump and Orman.
Aviation novels and novelists are rare. Even more rare are aviation novelists who are also corporate pilots and fighter pilots.
The Transportation Security Administration may finally be getting it. In November, the agency announced it is resuscitating the long-dormant Aviation Security Advisory Committee (Asac) and the Obama Administration said that the business aviation community will continue to have a seat at the table.
Bedeviled by political gamesmanship and misfortune, it's a wonder the FAA gets anything done—never mind accomplishing the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). With the latest transition in FAA leadership, we've come full circle to the situation that prevailed when President George W. Bush left office three years ago, with an interim administrator and no reauthorization.


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survival tips for those who are drowning in work
So during the past few weeks I have been crazy busy with work. From practice LSATs to applying to internships to writing paper after paper after paper…. my mind feels so very fried. OH and on top of all of this my ical decided to crash and scramble all of the events I scheduled on it so I had to get real old fashioned and buy a day planner. It took a few hours to then figure when everything was and write everything out again. So needless to say it's been difficult to manage some sanity. Here's a list of a few things that make crazy busy weeks a tad easier:
1)Make schedules and to-do lists: These two actions keep my life in order. Schedules are important to keep in mind deadlines. To-do list help me on daily tasks, plus it feels real good to cross stuff off of them. Putting a mix of easy and hard tasks on to-do lists is also nice because then I can get a bunch of the smaller tasks done quickly and move onto the bigger tasks at hand. This makes me feel successful starting from right from the beginning of the day.
2) Realize the amount of work you have, block out the amount of time for it: so this seems straightforward enough. Because of the amount of reading I have every week this is a pretty important tip though. I usually need to block out significant amounts of hours throughout the week and weekend specifically for reading and writing papers. Such is the life of a history major. sighhhhh.
3)Sleep: So maybe you fall a tad behind on homework and have a night when you can only sleep for 4 or 5 hours… That does not mean that you should be doing that every night. At least from my experience, poor sleep patterns like that severely impact my work. If you have a night when you have to stay up super late and then have to get up super early the next morning that's probably fine, just make sure you can catch up the next night. No one likes to deal with overtired grumpy people…
4) treat yo self: in my opinion the most important step. If you're going to slave away for 12 hours on a research paper, make sure to treat yo self. Treat yourself to episodes of parks and rec and walks and friends and large uncle sams meatball calzones and froyo… okay well maybe that's just my routine but find a few small ways to incorporate fun breaks into work-heavy days. It makes them sooooo much more bearable and also provides a nice little reward system.
Nov 13 2012
Hm…what was number 3?
3) Use a physical calendar instead of iCal?
Comments are closed.


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Language-Paradox-PoeticsPrinceton University Press 2014; US$ 29.95
In attempting to define a "poetics of paradox" from a traditional Chinese standpoint, James Liu explores through a comparative approach linguistic, textual, and interpretive problems of relevance to Western literary criticism. Liu's study evolves from a paradoxical view--originating from early Confucian and Daoist philosophical texts--that the less... more...
Giant of the Grand Si�cleCambridge University Press 1997; US$ 72.00
A detailed revisionist analysis of the seventeenth-century French army. more...
The Wars of Louis XIV 1667-1714Taylor and Francis 2013; US$ 64.95
Warfare dominated the long reign of Louis XIV. In this wide-ranging history, John Lynn examines the different wars for evidence of a coherent strategic policy. He explores the operational logistics of the campaigns and shows how far, for the king, warfare was a process of attrition rather than a series of decisive events. Above all, he sets these wars,... more...
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A noted military historian offers a cultural approach to the history of warfare, insisting that we understand combat best when we study the beliefs, values, and expectations of the adversaries more...
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Mayo Clinic Antimicrobial TherapyTaylor and Francis 2008; US$ 39.95
Direct from infectious diseases experts at Mayo Clinic, this new pocket-sized guide to antimicrobial therapy provides an innovative format organized for the way you treat patients?simplified treatment recommendations for specific syndromes at the point of care. Special benefits include: An expertly designed point-of-care format?provides... more...
Religious Intolerance in AmericaThe University of North Carolina Press 2010; US$ 28.00
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The cows goes moo. The cat goes meow. But what does the fox say?That's the question posed in a new video from Ylivs, Norway's version of The Lonely Island. The Huffington Post reports the comedy duo, made of up of Vegard and Bård Ylvisåker, posted the bizarre video earlier this week. It's already had over 2 million views on YouTube. Check it out for yourself above.Oh, and if you were curios, the fox goes: "Wa-Pa-Pa-Pa-Pa-Pa-Pow! Hatee-Hatee-Hatee-Ho! Chacha-Chacha-Chach-Chow! Fraka-kaka-kaka-kow!"
A father is on trial for the alleged murder of a drunken driver who killed his two sons.
205 N. Michigan AvenueGround FloorChicago, IL 60601Station Operator: (312) 565-5532Newsroom: (312)565-5533


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The following items were recorded in Salisbury police log:
Dawn M. Zaleski-Ingelsby, 42, 10 Hayes St., Salisbury, was issued a summons Monday at 5:18 p.m. on charges of unlicensed operation of a motor vehicle, attaching plates to conceal ID, operating an uninsured motor vehicle, operating an unregistered motor vehicle, a number plate violation and no inspection sticker. Sgt. Timothy Hunter issued the summons on Route 1.
Jorge A. Montes, 40, 230 Webster St., Chelsea, was arrested Monday at 10:09 p.m. and charged with two previous warrants. Officers Mark Thomas, Keith Forget and Sgt. Hunter made the arrest in Salisbury Square.
The following item was recorded in the Groveland police log:
Evan M. McCain, 23, 320 Boxford Road, Haverhill, was issued a summons Monday at 5:30 p.m. on a charge of carrying a firearm while under the influence of alcohol. Officers Michael Traister and Neil Moody issued the summons.
The following items were recorded at the Newbury barracks:
James P. Webb, 33, 4711 Muir Ave., San Diego, was issued a summons Monday at 6:28 a.m. on a charge of operating a motor vehicle with a revoked license. Trooper Campbell issued the summons in Merrimac.
Jared T. Wells, 24, 21 Wethersfield St., Rowley, was issued a summons Monday at 3:25 p.m. on charges of accosting/annoying person of opposite sex and conducting a lewd, wanton and lascivious act. Trooper Nangle issued the summons in Boxford. According to state police, a female motorist reported to police that a man in another car exposed himself and then began touching himself as they were driving on Interstate 95 in Boxford. The suspect was later interviewed inside the barracks by state troopers.


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Displaying profile field values
Hey there.
This is likely to be a very easy question but my PHP knowledge is limited so could do with a helping hand!
I just wanted to know how I can display certain variables of information pulled from the database? I was trying to figure out how to display a user's name but didn't succeed after a great deal of time!
I hope someone can help!!!
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Explore Harvard's Nieman network
Nieman Fellowships
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The Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard
Nieman Reports Homepage
Current Issue
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Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard: Nieman Reports
Winter 2008
The Search for True North
By Melissa Ludtke, Editor
Spiking the Newspaper to Follow the Digital Road
If Murder Is Metaphor
By Steven A. Smith
Where the Monitor Is Going, Others Will Follow
By Tom Regan
To Prepare for the Future, Skip the Present
By Edward Roussel
Journalism as a Conversation
By Katie King
Digital Natives: Following Their Lead on a Path to a New Journalism
By Ronald A. Yaros
Serendipity, Echo Chambers, and the Front Page
By Ethan Zuckerman
Grabbing Readers' Attention—Youthful Perspectives
Net Geners Relate to News in New Ways
By Don Tapscott
Passion Replaces the Dullness of an Overused Journalistic Formula
By Robert Niles
Accepting the Challenge: Using the Web to Help Newspapers Survive
By Luke Morris
Journalism and Citizenship: Making the Connection
By David T.Z. Mindich
Distracted: The New News World and the Fate of Attention
By Maggie Jackson
Tracking Behavior Changes on the Web
By David Nicholas
What Young People Don't Like About the Web—And News On It
By Vivian Vahlberg
Adding Young Voices to the Mix of Newsroom Advisors
By Steven A. Smith
Engaging Young Staffers in Newsroom Activities and Change
By Steven A. Smith
The Gang of Eight's Recommendations: An Excerpt
Excerpted from a report by the "Gang of Eight"
Using E-Readers to Explore Some New Media Myths
By Roger Fidler
Blogs, Wikis, Social Media—And Journalism
Mapping the Blogosphere: Offering a Guide to Journalism's Future
By John Kelly
Political Video Barometer
By John Kelly
The End of Journalism as Usual
By Mark Briggs
The Wikification of Knowledge
By Kenneth S. Kosik
Media Re:public: My Year in the Church of the Web
By Persephone Miel
Media Re:public: Conclusions After a Year of Exploration
By Persephone Miel
The Wisdom of the Crowd Resides in How the Crowd Is Used
By Jeff Howe
When Journalists Blog: How It Changes What They Do
By Paul Bradshaw
Digging Into Social Media to Build a Newspaper Audience
By Bill Adee
Web v. Journalism: Court Cases Challenge Long-Held Principles
By Jane Kirtley
Ethical Values and Quality Control in the Digital Era
By Bob Steele
Rethinking the What, Why, Where and How of What We Do
Engaging the Public in Asking Why We Do What
By Nancy San Martin
Suggest a Topic—And Content Flows to It
By John A. Byrne
Creating a New Platform to Support Reporting
By David Cohn
How Spot.Us Works
By David Cohn
A 21st Century Newswire—Curating the Web With Links
By Josh Korr
No Time Left for Reluctant Transformers
By Jim Kennedy
Blogging From Inside a TV Station's Newsroom
By Katie Allison Granju
Live Web Cast—From a Newspaper's Newsroom
By John Hassell
Video News: The Videojournalist Comes of Age
By Michael Rosenblum
A Retired Newspaper Journalist Takes What He Knows to the Web
By James P. Gannon
Words & Reflections
The Unchanging Essence of War Photography
By Peter Osnos
The Ties That Bind: Newspapers and Nonfiction Books
By Melissa Ludtke
Using Strength of Evidence to Tell a Powerful Story About Torture
By Tom Ehrenfeld
The Middle East Conflict: American Coverage
By Simon Wilson
Peering Deep Into the Essence of Small-Town Life
By Madeleine Blais
Nieman Notes
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Election Night in Chicago–Capturing the Moment
Photo essay by Eli Reed
Curator's Corner
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Email to a friend
Serendipity, Echo Chambers, and the Front Page
As readers on the Web, we may filter out 'perspectives that might challenge our assumptions and preconceptions about what's important and newsworthy.'
By Ethan Zuckerman
In "The Paradox of Choice," psychologist Barry Schwartz warned of one of the more counterintuitive problems of modern life: the paralysis that can come from too much choice. While "the stress of choice" might pale in comparison to other stresses of modern life, it's a useful concept in understanding the stresses that newspapers—and their readers—are facing in a digital age. The number of choices an engaged citizen has for reading or watching news has exploded in recent years, and this increase may, paradoxically, mean we encounter less challenging news, and fewer foreign viewpoints, than we used to.
"Ethan Zuckerman on how to engineer serendipity online"
- Vijaysree Venkatraman, The Christian Science Monitor
As exciting and challenging as blogging has been as an addition to the media environment, the millions of bloggers writing about current events have probably had less effect on mainstream newspapers than the simple fact that nearly every newspaper is now available online. Alexa, which estimates traffic to Web sites, lists superblog The Huffington Post as the 20th most popular news Web site, the most popular blog in their news rankings. Significantly more popular are the BBC's site (4th), The New York Times (5th), The Washington Post (13th), The Guardian (17th), Los Angeles Times (18th), The Wall Street Journal (19th), and The Times of India (22nd). The audiences suggested by the Alexa rankings vastly outpace the circulation of these newspapers. The move of newspapers online means that engaged readers can subscribe to a local newspaper and complement local coverage with high-quality national and international news available online.
This could be a golden moment for the fans of high-quality journalism—if only someone can figure out how to continue to pay to produce high-quality journalism at these national and international newspapers.
Discerning readers can triangulate between local newspapers—which have every incentive to focus coverage on local news (sacrificing local perspectives on national and international news)—and world-class newspapers for coverage of the broader world. This is a recent, and important, development. Ten years ago, if you lived in a rural town, as I do, The New York Times was available only at the local library, The Guardian not at all. Broadening your perspective by reading a range of local, national and international newspapers required an investment of time and money that few readers can make. Those investments are now trivial—at least for readers.
Are most readers triangulating in this way, reading broadly and widely, taking advantage of the plethora of choices online? Probably not. Most major newspapers offer information on their Web sites about what stories are most read, most e-mailed, and most blogged. These lists suggest that readers of these papers are obsessed with U.S. presidential politics, stories that involve celebrities, and stories about terrorism.
There's little to indicate that readers are reading broadly, taking advantage of the comprehensive—and expensive—international coverage these newspapers offer. There's also little to indicate that readers are paying attention to coverage of national stories not already embedded in news agendas. Instead, these lists suggest that some readers are highly selective in their consumption, seeking and sharing stories as a form of ammunition in ongoing political battles, digging more deeply into issues they already believe to be important.
Making Choices
When newspapers create online editions, they give readers more choices. That's a subtle but important change. The front page of The New York Times offers "links" to roughly 20 stories. Most of these links include 200-400 words and occasionally a picture or graphic. There's significant information to draw a reader's interest in a story. By contrast, the front page of nytimes.com offers more than 300 links, none of which feature more than 30 words of text. By one measure, the online version offers readers far more choice, with roughly 12 times as many stories to select.
The paper edition is a persuasive technology; it is an embodiment of the editor's argument that certain stories are worth the reader's attention. The online edition trusts the reader to make up her own mind.
This may not be a wise decision. Homophily—the tendency of "birds of a feather to flock together"—is a basic human trait and not always a desirable one. Sociologists Paul Lazarsfeld and Robert Merton documented the tendency of people living in mixed-race neighborhoods to have more friendships with people of the same race (and with those who have similar educational and financial backgrounds). These relationships affect how humans receive and process information; we are more likely to be receptive to a message delivered by someone who shares our demographic makeup.
In a world of widespread media choice, we rely heavily on cues from peers as to what media are worth paying attention to and what we can safely ignore. We follow links from friends' blogs to discover stories, read stories e-mailed by friends, or visit sites like reddit or Digg where "communities" vote on which stories should be most popular. In all these cases, we open the possibility that our news will be filtered by people who view the world much as we do, filtering out perspectives that might challenge our assumptions and preconceptions about what's important and newsworthy.
Sunstein's article, "Enclave Extremism and Journalism's Brave New World," was published in the
Summer 2008 issue of Nieman Reports
Harvard law professor Cass Sunstein has studied these issues closely. He warns of the dangers of isolating ourselves in ideological echo chambers. In his research, people who deliberate with like-minded citizens tend to emerge more partisan than before their deliberations. Sunstein worries that we may polarize ourselves simply by reading media that reinforces our existing points of view.
In reaction to Sunstein, there's a great deal of academic debate about whether political bloggers are more or less likely to read opponents' views than the average voter. Some studies see clear evidence that bloggers with a strong ideological stance are far more likely to link to bloggers with similar stances. Others see evidence that readers of political blogs are better informed in general than average voters and are informed about arguments across the political spectrum.
If we see evidence that liberals or conservatives choose media that reinforce existing preconceptions and avoid challenging views, it's likely that we have other biases that govern our consumption of media, including too much of a focus on our nation at the expense of others. If our peers place too much focus on U.S. politics and terrorism at the expense of other important stories, do we end up with less diverse and complex knowledge of the world? Sunstein argues that we tend to surround ourselves with media that reinforce our political prejudices. It should come as no surprise that we also seek out media that focus nearly exclusively on our nation, language and culture at the expense of others around the world. Intensely focusing on our home country and its perspectives might be at least as dangerous as surrounding ourselves with comfortable political opinions.
The Allure of Serendipity
There's a strong temptation to give readers what they want. The Huffington Post has increased its traffic nearly five-fold in the past year. Some of this traffic growth is surely due to an endless and contentious election. Betsy Morgan, CEO of The Huffington Post and former head of CBSNews.com, suggests another reason for growth—a relentless focus on metrics. On taking the post, she immediately asked staff to provide her with daily traffic statistics, showing which stories generated the most interest. Those stories are heavily promoted on the site's heavily trafficked front page. It's a smart business strategy, signaling to the site's employees and unpaid contributors what stories are most likely to be celebrated and amplified by editors and appreciated by the site's readers.
This strategy has a downside. Too much reliance on viewer metrics by newspapers could have an important unintended consequence—a decrease in a publication's ability to provide serendipity. Serendipity is the wonderful experience of stumbling upon something you didn't know you wanted to know. It's a surprisingly powerful tool for helping people break out of echo chambers of all sorts. If you stumble upon a story that appeals to your interest in rugby, model railroads or rainbows, even if it's from a part of the world you have no explicit interest in, it may capture your attention and broaden your worldview.
Serendipity is tricky to engineer. It's difficult to provide information that's both surprising and relates to a reader's unstated interests. Librarians engineer serendipity in open stacks by organizing books by topic, allowing eyes to stray from the requested volume to related ones. Retailers hope to increase purchasing by making it easy to stumble upon items you were surprised to remember you "needed"—the beer display at the end of the diaper aisle is an attempt to create a serendipity for the father sent to the store for baby supplies.
For years, one of the best sources of serendipity has been the front page of daily newspapers.
For years, one of the best sources of serendipity has been the front page of daily newspapers. Many front page editors reserve a space, often below the fold, for a story from deep within the paper that isn't directly related to the day's headlines. This may be a way of featuring the rich storytelling within a newspaper that a reader might otherwise miss, but it frequently leads readers to make unexpected connections between issues and communities. This ability to guide readers to stories they didn't know they needed to read is one of the key functions of printed newspapers and one we shouldn't engineer away as we move to the Web. Instead, we need to take on the challenge of creating serendipity in digital media, recognizing the problems associated with the paradox of choice and building media that help us find the information we need, not just the information we think we need.
Ethan Zuckerman is cofounder of the global citizen media Web site, Global Voices (
) and a research fellow at the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University.
2 Comments on
Serendipity, Echo Chambers, and the Front Page
Paul V says:
December 28, 2008 at 6:33pm
As an American born in Chicago, Il from Mexican descent third generation, I must say to change from our insulated views, we need to begin to teach not only our views at a young age but international views also. How can we begin to have empathy for international humanity if we are ignorant to their views? It must begin in middle school with research utilizing the internet. We must learn how international communities view the American policies that affect them. It is something that must improve. I think we have the right president to hopefully better our foreign relations.
Elsie Gilbert says:
December 26, 2008 at 5:50pm
I work as an editor to a small publication in Brazil geared toward those who work to promote childre´s rights in the country. Your remarks about "insulation", this tendency for us to simply surround ourselves with media that substantiate our views, is something that concerns me for a long time. Once in awhile I am asked by Brazilians whether Americans don´t see the damage they do in other countries due to America´s foreing policies. I often say that unfortunately Americans are too busy with their own more local and regional issues to pay attention. If they really knew, they would not support a lot of things that are done.
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On Tuesday, an East Texas woman and her family shared their frustration after the man sentenced to death for murder the murder of Kenneth Vandever was granted a reprieve by a federal judge.
Beunka Adams was convicted of murder for killing 37-year-old Kenneth Vandever after a gas station robbery in Rusk back in 2002.
Adams and Richard Cobb abducted Vandever and two women, shooting all three. The two women survived.
"Tears of frustration, and disappointment after finding out a convicted murderer, originally sentenced to die on Thursday, could now escape the death penalty," said the victim's mother Melinda Ansley.
"Outraged, I still am, I'm hurt, I want it fixed," Melinda continued.
"What's the point of going to court, what's the point of me pointing the finger and saying, 'that's who did it?' I mean it was useless," said Nikki Ansley, a victim of the attack.
Almost 10 years ago, Beunka Adams and Richard Cobb robbed a convenience store in Rusk. Adams abducted Nikki, raped her, and shot her in the back.
"I wouldn't wish this upon my worst enemy, and you talk about forgiveness, well that's between me and God," said Melinda.
Nikki's brother, Troy Ansley still remembers their father's reaction.
"I had never heard a grown man wail and cry the way he did," said the victims brother Troy Ansley.
Adams claims he didn't have proper representation in the appeals, and U.S. District Judge Schneider granted a delay in his execution.
"How many years does it take to go through appeals after appeals before enough is enough," Troy questioned.
Ten years later, the Ansley's say they are still fighting for justice, and feel like they're fighting alone.
"You don't hear anything about our rights. We don't really have rights. We go hire an attorney, we have rights then because we paid for it," said Melinda.
The Ansley's said the communication is stronger between the suspect and the court, than the victims and the court.
"This guy that killed him, people are thinking it's sad he's going to die, he will leave loved ones, no one asked the victims," Nikki pointed out.
"What gives a judge the power, one judge, and the right to make a decision to halt something that has been going on for nine years," Troy asked.
By going public with their story, the Ansley's hope Adams will face the death penalty which they say will give justice to all the victims and their families.
The execution has been delayed until the courts review allegations that Adams had poor legal help in the early stages of his appeals.
The Texas Attorney General's Office has asked the federal judge to remove the stay of execution.
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Much like a Sunday service, showing up before a zoning board hearing for a prayer vigil is becoming a ritual for some.
A group gathered once again outside Clearview Elementary School to protest a proposed strip club through prayer and song.
"I can't even explain to you the evil I feel that is involved in this type of industry," resident Bradley Waltermyer said.
There were two other long zoning board hearings leading up to Monday night. The most recent was last month. All of them consisted of long testimony, questions and opposition from residents.
This time, those representing the township dominated the discussion. Township solicitor Timothy Bupp said that the club would be illegal. He argued that it cannot be both BYOB and nude.
An attorney representing the landlord for the club claimed they would do whatever is legal, even if that includes dancers wearing G-strings.
Later in the meeting, the township called on a state police representative to field several questions. State police patrol that area.
Lt. Fred Hess said that it is not the position of the state police to comment on a given business. He did say, however, that if the establishment is BYOB, by nature they would expect additional alcohol-related calls.
The township also called upon an area realtor that argued housing prices could be negatively affected by a strip club in the area.
The proposal is to open a strip club called "The Office" in the Brogue Shopping Center.
No vote was taken Monday night.
The landlord for the strip club and his attorney declined to comment.
The board is scheduled to meet again on Thursday, July 25 at 6 p.m. in the Clearview Elementary auditorium. If necessary, they will hold yet another hearing at the same time and location sometime next month.
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Tue, Feb 11 2014 2:54 pm |
Sometimes you have to pay to play and unfortunately it was Daniel Johnson's time to pay up on this big 360…http://player.vimeo.com/video/86378134
"About 6 months ago DJ tried this large 360 running off a high of clocking some solid clips earlier in the day. Unfortunately the 5 block got the better of him. Basically he 360′d it as if he was doing a 3 hop which caused him to over rotate and punch himself in the face.
We never used the crash clip incase he wanted to go back and get it done but after folding his foot and not being able too ride for 4 months because of this crash he called it a day on this one.
CATEGORIZED: Rider Section, Videos
TAGS: best of the web, Colony, Daniel Johnson
TAGS: best of the web, Colony, Daniel Johnson


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Without intending to be so until I semi-fell into it, I am a cancer researcher. Too easily, I fall into the experiments or the procrastination (hello, DBD) and forget the goal of vanquishing cancer. This weekend, however, will be full of reminders, as my friends, co-workers, and adviser will be riding in Pelotonia, and I'll be volunteering as well as cheering them on. Yes, that's a plug--the money raised will directly benefit my lab! (And other labs. You know.)
I look forward to the opening ceremony tonight and the 100 mile finish line tomorrow. (Really hardcore riders will be riding 180 miles over two days.) Seeing the community come together, seeing survivors, seeing scientists act like human beings--it all serves as a reminder of why I do what I do. Perhaps somewhere down the line, we'll cure cancer. And if we don't? We'll keep trying.
Ways beside donating money that you can help:
- Join the national bone marrow registry (you can order an at-home kit to swab yourself)
- Tell your elected representatives to support money for scientific research!


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Clinical trials are studies, managed by government agencies, educational institutions, private not-for-profit organizations, or commercial businesses, to develop, produce, and evaluate the effectiveness of new treatments and therapies for diseases.
Detailed information on chemotherapy for treatment of gynecological cancers
Detailed information on hormone therapy as one type of cancer treatment
Because endometrial carcinoma is thought to be an estrogen-linked cancer, the fear is that the estrogen used in HRT therapy may drive up the risk of an endometrial cancer recurrence.
Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. Different portions of the uterus, as well as other organs, may be removed at the same time.
Detailed information on biological therapy, also called immunotherapy, biological response modifier therapy, or biotherapy
Detailed information on radiation therapy, one type of cancer therapy
Detailed information the most common types of surgery to treat cancer, including biopsy, endoscopy, laparoscopy, laparotomy, laser surgery, cryosurgery, electrosurgery, and excisional surgery
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text: Roy E. Keiser, 73, of Maryville, Tenn., formerly of Merrimac, Mass., Plaistow, N.H., and Egypt, passed away Sunday, February 27, 2005, in Blount Memorial Hospital. He was a member of Unity Christian Church, Maryville, and Pilgrim Congregational Church, Merrimac. He was a veteran of the Korean War, having served in the Air Force, 1950-54. He was a member of Bethany Lodge, Merrimac, for more than 40 years and Allepo Temple, Willmington, Mass. Roy was active with the Telephone Pioneers of North America and was known as Clem the Clown and chair of Special Olympics for many years. He won awards and honors while playing Santa Claus. For two decades, he rode atop Santas sleigh in the annual Santa Parade in Merrimac, and on Christmas Eve, his sleigh visited every street in town. In 1989, more than 50 Merrimac officials, residents and business owners honored him with the towns first Distinguished Community Service Award for his work as Santa and as a member of the towns Santa Committee and volunteer firefighter. He was a charter member of the AT&T Pioneers of America Clown Troupe 78 and was known throughout the Merrimac Valley as Clem the white-faced, red-headed clown who walked an invisible dog on a leash and harness in local parades and celebrations. He retired from AT&T in 1989. Four times a year, he would visit Camp Sunshine in Maine, a hospice for terminally ill children, dressed as a clown or Santa or he would make balloon figures for hospitalized children. He also volunteered to bring children and adults, who were without transportation, to hospital visits. He was preceded in death by his first wife, Grace Eleanor (Trickey) Keiser.


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Dugout Crew brings energy to the Itch
Itchy Jones Stadium was not the only addition to the SIU baseball program this season. The Salukis created the Dugout Crew: a group of 12 women who help out with on and off field tasks. The women help at the games by bringing water and extra baseballs ... Continue Reading →
Stadium not ready for home opener
Athletes and fans anticipating home games at the new Itchy Jones Stadium will have to wait two more weeks. The Saluki baseball team will host Northern Illinois University this weekend, but games will take place at Rent One Park in Marion instead of Itchy ... Continue Reading →
Salukis strike out Austin Peay
The Saluki baseball team defeated Austin Peay State University Tuesday while recording the most strikeouts in one game since pitching coach P.J. Finigan recorded 17 in 2005. SIU defeated the Governors 14-4 with four home runs. The Salukis took a lead ... Continue Reading →
Losing streak still gives hope for women's basketball
The Salukis hosted their annual pink-out game where the women fell short in an 80-55 loss against Drake University. Despite three consecutive losses, the Salukis have not lost hope just yet. Last time the Bulldogs and Salukis met, it was a head-to-head ... Continue Reading →
Salukis build confidence with first win over SLU
The SIU men's tennis team picked up its first win of the season Friday in dominant fashion over St. Louis University 6-1, while dropping only two matches. The Salukis started off the match against the Billikens by winning two of three matches to take ... Continue Reading →
Women's tennis splits two matches during weekend
The SIU women's tennis team lost to Eastern Illinois University Friday, marking the first time in the teams's history the Salukis fell to the Panthers, but recovered Saturday in its first win of the season at Austin Peay State University. The women's ... Continue Reading →
Athletics honors All-Century basketball team
Many former Saluki basketball stars and their families joined together Friday to honor members of the All-Century team: the best 25 players and four coaches in SIU history. Of the 29 that made the prestigious team, 22 were at the ceremony or had representation. ... Continue Reading →
Video services director moves on
It is not often people get to know the man behind the camera, but Chris Hagstrom, former director of video services for Saluki Athletics, is hard to miss. From running around at basketball games to interviewing coaches, Hagstrom is a jack-of-all trades. Hagstrom ... Continue Reading →
Behind the sidelines
Working day-to-night shifts seven days a week, taping body parts and monitoring athlete's health, the SIU athletic trainers devote an enormous amount of time to keeping athletes healthy. Trainers must not only be on call during the season, but work ... Continue Reading →
Salukis claim second-straight MVC series
The Salukis scored a combined 15 runs in the final innings of all three weekend games to claim a series win against Wichita State University. SIU head coach Kerri Blaylock said series win was key to kickstart another good weekend. "If you win ... Continue Reading →
Saluki softball double-header
About Demario Smith-Phipps Continue Reading →
Campus aids Harrisburg in tornado relief
Students across the university are reaching out to Harrisburg. The EF4 tornado that devastated the town's community Wednesday left 200 to 300 homes and 25 businesses damaged or destroyed. Students, faculty and staff have helped the town by volunteering ... Continue Reading →
Six athletes elected to 2012 Saluki hall of fame
Joel Sambursky is one of six former athletes inducted into the Saluki Athletics Hall of Fame on Friday, but nine years ago he was the freshman quarterback inheriting a 1-10 team. "The state of the program was in despair. Nobody believed we could win," ... Continue Reading →


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Two area high school football coaching vacancies are on pace to be filled by the end of the month at the latest.
The search for a new football coach is underway at White County.
Blair Armstrong, athletic director and football coach of the Banks County Leopards, is leaving the school to accept the football coach position at North Forsyth. Armstrong, who led the Leopards athletic program the last four seasons, notified school officials of his decision at the beginning of the week. His resignation is effective Mar. 10.
February at Buford High means two things: the girls basketball team is gearing up for another state title run and the defending state champion football team is reloading.
College football rivalries among local athletes will probably crank up a notch or two with eight area high school players signing a national letter of intent Wednesday with Football Championship Subdivision programs, and none with the same school.
Click here for the Signing Day photo gallery
When Ray Drew opened an account on Facebook three years ago, he joined for the same reason millions of other users do: to network with friends and family. His account grew to 200 friends or so by 2010, but within the next year, his popularity rose to much larger proportions.
Marvin Justice felt like the luckiest man in the world when he received word of his promotion within the Commerce High football program on Monday.
Fifteen area players highlight the 2010 Associated Press All-State High School Football Poll, released Sunday. In Class AAA, Gainesville senior A.J. Johnson was named the Defensive Player of the Year after recording 186 tackles, 12 for loss, one sack and one interception this season from the linebacker position.
When A.J. Johnson speaks, people listen.
CLEVELAND - Tommy Flowers certainly made the most out of a terribly difficult situation this season as White County High's football coach.
Flowery Branch High senior Will Monday was tabbed as Region 8-AAAA Special Teams Player of the Year when the All-Region team was released on Monday.
ATLANTA - Senior quarterback Timmy Byerly accounted for 220 yards and his 51st touchdown as unbeaten Chattahoochee won its first state title, blanking Starr's Mill 24-0 in the Class AAAA championship game Friday night at the Georgia Dome.
ATLANTA - Buford's overtime victory for the state title was historic on a number of levels. Not only was it the Wolves' (14-1) fourth straight championship in Class AA, but it was also the program's first game that went to overtime since a 22-21 state quarterfinal win against Hoganville in 1978.
ATLANTA - No matter how hard Calhoun tried, no matter how many big plays it made, and no matter how much heart it had, it just wasn't enough to dethrone Buford.
BUFORD - Top-ranked Buford didn't waste any time Saturday night.
Jess Simpson knew that if he was going to schedule a season opener worthy of his zealous fan base, he better schedule the best team he could.
JEFFERSON – Jefferson's season started off about as flawless as any team could hope for.
DANIELSVILLE - Early turnovers put Johnson in a hole that it never found a way out of against Madison County.
Chestatee lineman Matthew Pruitt couldn't see teammate Kris Pierce bring a 55-yard interception back for a touchdown halfway through the third quarter of Thursday's scrimmage against East Hall.
The spring workouts wrapped up long ago. The summer conditioning program is through. Preseason tests are out of the way.
The Johnson High football team earned a 35-7 win in a scrimmage game against East Jackson High on Friday.
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OFFSITE - The Rise of a Multipolar World: Sino-European Relations in the Last Decades of the Cold War (1960s-1980s)
June 29, 2012 // 9:00am — July 01, 2012 // 5:15pm
Bringing together academics, diplomats, and newly declassified documentation, the conference will seek to determine how the Sino-Soviet split and the subsequent Sino-American engagement influenced Sino-European relations in the Cold War.
Confrontation Controlled: Sino-American Relations and the Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1962
April 19, 2012 // 2:00pm — 3:00pm
Wilson Center ECNU Scholar Ming Chen will present on Confrontation Controlled: Sino-American Relations and the Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1962
Moles, Defectors, and Deceptions: James Angleton and His Influence on US Counterintelligence
March 29, 2012 // 9:00am — 5:30pm
A Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and Georgetown University Center for Peace & Security Studies joint conference.
Return to China or "Return to Taiwan": The Chinese POWs Who Derailed the Korean War Peace Talks
March 22, 2012 // 4:00pm — 5:30pm
David Cheng Chang, postdoctoral fellow at the Center for East Asian Studies at Stanford University will give a presentation based on his recent work entitled Return to China or "Return to Taiwan": The Chinese POWs Who Derailed the Korean War Peace Talks.
Behind the Deadlock: The U.S., the PRC, the U.K. and the Issue of the POWs during the Korean War
February 29, 2012 // 12:30pm — 1:30pm
Youzhen Xu, Wilson Center ECNU Scholar will give a presentation on the U.S., the PRC, the UK and the issue of Korean War POWs.
Landmark Kennan Biography Chronicles Complex Life of Early Cold Warrior
February 15, 2012 // 3:00pm — 4:30pm
Official biographer John Lewis Gaddis paints a fascinating and multidimensional portrait of George Kennan, the post-war diplomat who set forth containment doctrine, presaged the collapse of the Soviet Union, and, in later years, became an outspoken critic of U.S. foreign policy, including of the war in Vietnam. At the launch Wednesday of George F. Kennan: An American Life, Gaddis revealed the personality behind one of the 20th century's great policy minds.
The Role of the USIA in Implementing America's Policy towards the Soviet Union: A Case Study of the Cuban Missile Crisis
January 31, 2012 // 3:00pm — 4:00pm
Wilson Center ECNU Scholar Zhao Jike will present a work-in-progress presentation entitled The Role of the USIA in Implementing America's Policy towards the Soviet Union: A Case Study of the Cuban Missile Crisis which examines the role of the USIA in implementing U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Marigold: The Lost Chance for Peace in Vietnam
January 24, 2012 // 3:30pm — 5:30pm
Marigold presents the in-depth story of one of the Vietnam War's last great mysteries: the secret Polish-Italian peace initiative, codenamed "Marigold," that sought to end the war, or at least to open direct talks between Washington and Hanoi, in 1966.
Ideological Storms: Intellectuals and the Totalitarian Temptation
November 14, 2011 // 9:00am — 3:15pm
The conference will provide an overview of the main issues raised by the temptation of the extremes in the 20th century and their weight upon the contemporary world.
CWIHP Hosts International Conference on Iran-Iraq War with the National Defense University Conflict Records Research Center
October 26, 2011 // 9:45am — October 27, 2011 // 4:00pm
This conference is being held in connection with the release, by the National Defense University and CWIHP, of a new collection of documents detailing conversations between Saddam Hussein and his generals and officials during the Iran-Iraq War.


text:
You have misspelt "apartment" and you have "split the infinitive" with: "to either share". This should be "either to share".
Mind you, your English is much better than that of most native English speakers, who would also have made these mistakes and more!
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