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Denver Broncos
Robert Ayers - #91 - DE
|6' 3"/ 274 lbs.
|Clio, SC
|Years played
|2009, 1st round, 18th pick by Broncos
Fox: Orton is Broncos' starter now
Broncos head coach John Fox made at least one revealing statement in talking to the media on Thursday: Kyle Orton is his starting quarterback, and Tim Tebow is the backup.
Broncos sign CB Bailey to four-year deal
The Broncos agreed to a four-year contract with CB Champ Bailey, executive vice president of football operations John Elway announced.
Broncos face tough choice with OT Harris
After experiencing an up-and-down 2010, Denver ORT Ryan Harris poses a difficult free-agent decision for the team, according to AFC Whispers.
AFC West 2010 season-in-review team reports
Matt Cassel had a sparkling 27-7 touchdown-to-interception ratio in directing the Chiefs to a surprising first-place finish in the AFC West.
Broncos, CB Bailey still far apart
The Broncos have recently re-opened contract talks with veteran CB Champ Bailey, but the way we hear it, the two sides are not close to reaching a deal.
Report: Broncos in talks with CB Bailey
The Broncos are in contract discussions with CB Champ Bailey, according to the Denver Post.
Broncos WR Thomas out 6-8 months
Broncos WR Demaryius Thomas, who just finished his rookie season, tore his Achilles tendon during an offseason workout in Atlanta and is expected to be out 6-8 months.
Broncos unlikely to bring Orton back
Although he may give Denver its best chance of winning in 2011, QB Kyle Orton is unlikely to return because of the fans' preference for Tim Tebow, according to AFC Whispers.
Broncos' new staff begins evaluation process
The Broncos have finished compiling their coaching staff for the upcoming campaign and are now in the process of evaluating their own roster before moving forward with free agency and draft strategies.
Broncos scout Green tabbed AFC Scout of the Year
Broncos scout Cornell Green has been named the AFC Scout of the Year by the Fritz Pollard Alliance.
Questions will arise if Broncos switch to a 4-3 defense
All signs point toward the Broncos running a 4-3 defense, with both head coach John Fox and defensive coordinator Dennis Allen being more familiar with that scheme, but the Broncos have yet to publicly announce their defensive strategy.
Fox adds two assistants to Broncos staff
John Fox's coaching staff with the Broncos is complete, as he hired two more assistants on Thursday.
Lord of the rings
Although Neal Dahlen is the only man with seven Super Bowl rings, his legacy has been forgotten. And it perhaps never was fully appreciated in the first place.
Broncos add pair of coaches to staff
The Broncos have added coaches Ron Milus and Richard Smith to their coaching staff.
Broncos hire Saints' Allen as D-coordinator
New Broncos head coach John Fox hired Saints secondary coach Dennis Allen as the team's new defensive coordinator on Monday.
The Denver Broncos are without slot receiver Brandon Stokley and defensive end Robert Ayers for their game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on Sunday.||||||| Ayers missed practice all week following the unexpected death of his father.
Aside from one shining moment, Ayers had a forgettable rookie campaign for the Denver Broncos.||||||| A first-round pick out of Tennessee and the 18th overall selection by the Broncos a year ago, Ayers recovered a fumble and returned it a team rookie record 54 yards for a touchdown Nov. 9 against Pittsburgh. But he heads into his second season still looking for his first career sack. "Last year is last year and I've moved on from that," Ayers said Monday.
The Denver Broncos signed Ayers to a five-year deal Monday, leaving Knowshon Moreno, the team's top pick, as the only unsigned player from their 10-member draft class.||||||| Ayers was on the field before the evening practice session running sprints. He then headed into the locker room as his teammates made their way out. The Broncos used their 18th selection to take Ayers, a defensive end out of Tennessee. With the Broncos implementing a 3-4 scheme, Ayers will play a hybrid role as he alternates between the line and linebacker.
Ayers and Knowshon Moreno missed the official start of Denver Broncos' training camp in Englewood, Colo., on Friday. They're the first rookie holdouts in Denver since running back Tatem Bell showed up late in 2004.||||||| Ayers, a pass-rusher from Tennessee, was the 18th selection and Moreno, a running back from Georgia, was the 12th overall pick in the draft. Both remain unsigned.


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Babette March (born 1941 (age 72–73)), pronounced Marx, born Barbara Marchlowitz, formerly Babette Russell, or simply Babette, who is now known by the name Babette Beatty, was the first Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue cover model. She was on the swimsuit issue cover of the January 20, 1964 issue.
List of links to Babette March fansites:

subset: commoncrawl


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Transmission GagaVision Returns!
Our Mother Monster is certainly keeping herself busy. The pop star announced via her Twitter page last week that she will be "resurrecting" Transmission GagaVision beginning this week!
What the heck is GagaVision? Find out now!
I begin next month as a Fashion+Art Columnist for @VMagazine. + I'll be resurrecting "TRANSMISSION GAGAVISION" episodes starting next week!—
Lady Gaga (@ladygaga) March 30, 2011
Transmission GagaVision is a YouTube series from Ms. Gaga that ran from 2008 through 2009.
Here's the first one from back in '08:
And last night we finally got a brand new transmission…
GAGAVISION no.41: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrOYFZwmMUM—
Lady Gaga (@ladygaga) April 06, 2011
You can see some more of Gaga's Transmission GagaVision videos on YouTube.
As if that weren't enough, Gaga is also going to be a fashion and art columnist for V Magazine, she'll be performing on Good Morning America on May 27th and you know… all the touring she's got planned.
Just turned in my first memorandum as a columnist to my editor at V Magazine! How fabulous. Feel like the punk piss-off Carrie Bradshaw.—
Lady Gaga (@ladygaga) April 05, 2011
Sheesh! She's going to a very busy monster for quite some time! Perfect!
Keep up with all things Gaga >
Get More Lady Gaga News on Fresh1027.com:
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- [photogallerylink id=26424]


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In the spring of 2014 Paul Howard of Imagine Films (Ireland) and David Peat (Bohm's former colleague and biographer) will begin working on a feature documentary on the life of David Bohm, titled THE LIFE AND IDEAS OF DAVID BOHM.
We will be funding this documentary via crowdsourcing. Please register using the form below so we can keep you updated on the project and let you know when crowdsourcing begins. Please pass on this information via your mailing lists, newsletters and website—we are counting on your support!


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HOUSTON (AP) - Ryan Jackson rushed for 129 yards and two touchdowns, Crawford Jones threw for 368 yards and two more scores, and Houston closed 70-year-old Robertson Stadium in style Saturday, beating Tulane 40-17 in both teams' season finale.
Jones hooked up with Ronnie Williams for touchdowns of 22 and 9 yards in the first quarter, and Jackson scored on a 72-yard run in the third quarter and a 9-yarder in the fourth for the Cougars (5-7, 4-4 Conference USA). Matt Hogan added four field goals.
Ryan Griffin threw for 346 yards, including touchdowns to Xavier Rush and Wilson Van Hooser, for the Green Wave (2-10, 2-6), but also had four interceptions. Tulane had six turnovers in all.
Houston finished 72-44-1 all-time at Robertson. The Cougars will play their 2013 home games at a to-be-determined site before moving into a new stadium, to be built where Robertson is now, in 2014.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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Want to see some video of the first two rounds of the Road World Cup, with English commentary? Here's the video, narrated & produced by Eurosport's David Harmon, of the Ronde van Drenthe (cobbles! man-made hills! crazy-fun course) and Trofeo Alfredo Binda (Italian climbing! One of the best day races out there!)
There are about 12-minutes of each race, and lots of info about the women's teams and riders - great times! And if you click through to you tube, it shows that we appreciate getting to see women's racing!


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Seasiders hold on for a draw (From Western Telegraph)
Get involved: send your pictures, video, news and views by texting WT NEWS to 80360, or email us
Seasiders hold on for a draw
11:01am Wednesday 14th May 2014 in Sport
Saundersfoot (121 for 5) drew with Llanrhian (146 for 7)
SAUNDERSFOOT managed to hang on for a draw at home to Llanrhian, who had struggled at the start but managed 146 for 7 in their allotted 38 overs before the Seasiders also found it hard going in the batting stakes.
Gareth Davies (24), Matthew Arundel (17) and Like Jones (11) helped Llanrhian to 95 for 6 in 30 overs but then Scott James (23 not out) joined Scott James in a stand of 53 in eight overs before Jones was caught and bowled from the final ball of the innings, a run short of what would have been an excellent half century.
Nick Cope (2 for 29), Sam Franklyn (1 for 27), Morgan Slate (1 for 16) and Jack Franklyn (1 for 41) were the Saundersfoot wicket-takers and Cope also chipped in with 40 alongside Paul Mansbridge (39) and Simon Wood (22) as the principal run-getters but Gareth Davies (3 for 49), Matthew Bennett (1 for 11) and Luke Jones (1 for 20) limited their scoring opportunities as Llanrhian gained the bulk of the draw points.
Umpires: Rob Bellerby & Peter Perry.
Scorer: Geraint Morris (Llanrhian).
Comments are closed on this article.


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UPDATE: 3:48p.m. CT:
Suspected gunman Aaron Alexis is reported to be a full-time Navy reservist who was based in Texas when he left the service in 2011. He was reportedly carrying an assault rifle and two other guns when he opened fire Monday morning at the Washington Navy Yard.
He was killed during an exchange of fire with police.
UPDATE: 3:22p.m. CT:
Police have confirmed 13 are now dead, including the gunman.
Officers are still looking for a potential second gunman, described as a black male in his 50s, wearing an olive colored military-style uniform. Another man thought to be a potential suspect, a white man in a khaki uniform, has been identified and cleared.
UPDATE: 3:16p.m. CT:
Three shooting victims are expected to survive.
The victims, a police officer and two civilians, are being treated at the MedStar Washington Hospital Center. The hospital's chief operating officer said during a Monday afternoon press conference that all three should recover well.
The officer was shot in his lower extremities, one woman shot in the shoulder, and the other woman shot in the head but the bullet did not pierce her skull.
UPDATE: 1:52p.m. CT:
According to NBC News, law enforcement officials have identified the deceased shooter as 34-year-old Aaron Alexis of Fort Worth, Texas. Alexis recently began working as a civilian contractor.
The DC Police Department has reported the white male in a khaki uniform they were looking for as a potential additional shooter has been identified and is not a suspect or person of interest.
UPDATE: 1:06p.m. CT:
Police have confirmed at least 12 fatalities in Monday's shootings.
There is still an active search for the two additional potential shooters. No motive is known at this time.
UPDATE: 12:05p.m. CT:
Witnesses described a gunman on the fourth floor aiming down at people in a first-floor cafeteria. Others described being shot at in a third-floor hallway. It was unclear if the witnesses were describing the same gunman.
Six are reported to be dead, with at least four others wounded, including a law enforcement officer.
UPDATE: 11:16a.m. CT:
An officer with the Metropolitan Police Department says in addition to one deceased shooter, there are two additional potential shooters, but the information has not yet been confirmed.
The potential shooters are described as a white male wearing a khaki uniform and beret and a black male wearing what appeared to be an olive colored uniform. It is not confirmed that the two individuals are involved with the military, but they were wearing military-style uniforms.
The two men have not been located.
UPDATE: 11:04a.m. CT:
The Associated Press is reporting at least six are dead in Monday morning's shooting.
UPDATE: 10:47a.m. CT:
Officials are saying at least one shooter is dead. Police are still looking into the possibility of a second shooter.
UPDATE 10:40a.m. CT:
A spokesman for the MedStar Washington Hospital Center said the facility is currently taking care of three patients that are in critical condition. One is a Metropolitan Police Department officer. He is suffering multiple gunshot wounds to his legs.
Two females are also being cared for at the hospital. One of the women is suffering from a shot to the shoulder and the other had a gunshot wound to the head and to the hand.
The spokesman said the weapon appears to have been semi-automatic.
The hospital has been told to expect more victims.
Several people are reported to be injured after a gunman opened fire at the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command at the Washington Navy Yard Monday morning.
Four people are said to be dead and at least six more wounded, including a city police officer and a security guard. The Navy released the news of the shooting on its Twitter feed at 8:20 a.m. Eastern. NBC News is reporting authorities said the shooter is believed to be wounded and officers are going through the building, looking into the possibility of a second shooter.
A civilian working at the building, Terrie Durham, told NBC News the gunman appeared to be wearing dark fatigues. Another building employee, Todd Brundidge, said he heard a fire alarm go off and then saw the gunman turn a corner:
"He turned our way and started firing, and we ran downstairs to get out of the building," Brundidge described. "No words. He raised the gun and started firing."
Around 3,000 people work in the building and were told to take shelter in place. Area streets and bridges were closed and flights at Reagan National Airport have been temporarily stopped. Local schools are on lockdown.
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State Teachers Prepare for New Common Core ChangesBy Evelina Burnett | Published 22 Jul 2013 08:39pm |
Most Mississippi school districts are fully implementing common core standards this school year, which begins next month. A group of coast teachers who went back to the classroom this summer to learn ways to incorporate the new standards into their daily lessons.
Teachers in this Ocean Springs High School classroom are discussing Kate Chopin's "The Story of an Hour." They've been asked to choose a word from the short story that captures the essence of the work, and then illustrate the literal, inferential and thematic meaning of the word, and by extension, the story.
Julie Stephenson is an English teacher trainer for the National Math and Science Initiative, which recently held training for about 90 middle and high school English, math and science teachers on the Coast.
"The selection part of it and the creation part of it is what makes it fun for students, that they have autonomy with it, not everyone will have the same answer which is a huge part of Common Core English,is that we are not just looking for an agreement of what a poem means, it's how are you developing your own understanding of what a text means," says Stevenson.
Long Beach High School English teacher Darlene Cormier has taught for 16 years. She says the intensive four-day training session has taught her strategies for taking a whole new approach to teaching literature.
"Connecting it with Common Core but really looking at the text much differently, I think a lot of times when we teach literature and teach informational text we end up just looking at the surface and now I feel like we're actually digging intot he writers craft and what the writer has done and I think it's going to be much better for my students this time because I think they're going to understand it better," explains Cormier.
First-year Biloxi High School teacher Lucy Thompson says the new common core standards are less rules-based and instead focus on real-world skills: reading well, writing well, speaking well, and listening well.
"Because those are all things that you're going to need no matter where you go. If you go into a job interview, you're going to need to be able to speak well to be impressive, you're going to need to be able to read whatever sort of manual they give you, and understand it, and ask questions if you need to," says Thomas.
Students will begin to be tested under the new standards at the end of the next school year, in the spring of 2015.
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Departures are from Dun Laoghaire Marina. Sailings vary between 2 and 3 hours. Group activities, company and private charter is welcome. Please contact us for details.
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Someone brought something extra-special to this year's bake sale.
Written by Dave Urlakis. Directed by Dave Urlakis and Zack Whittington. Starring Dave Urlakis, Erica Elam and Sarah Fineout. Ed …
Homer accidently caused a meltdown that wiped out Springfield. D'OH! Now, it's up to you to rebuild it. From the writers of The Simpsons, tap into a city building game that lets you create y …
Homer is so focused on trying to win a mobile game he's playing at work that he doesn't notice all the warning signs of a meltdown at the power plant. Springfield is destroyed.
We need new ideas
Written by Danny JollesDirected and Edited by David Sidorov
StarringDanny Jolles as The BossMatt Rogers as RobAndrew Butler as MattLauren Ireland as HaleyHaley Hepworth as …
This seems dangerous. He should really have a stuntman. (Skip to 1:30 to get right to the driving).
This ain't Soul Food. We ain't Vivica A. Fox.
//clicktotweet.com/6sc9S Thanks for watching!
SFB on TWITTER //www.twitter.com/skitforbrains SFB o
//www.hahaha.com Some unionized paramedics insist on taking their break even while their patient is bleeding all over the sidewalk. A presentation of the Just For Laughs Gags. The funny hidden camera …
This cute squirrel eats a donut that weighs as much as he does. //pettube.com
Secret Boyfriends, Biggie Smalls, prom takeover and stuffing donuts: what Kelly Mandruk (Miley Cyrus / Katy Perry) and Jake Chudnow (Key of Awesome music / videos) were like in high school.
Joe is looking for a place to rent. Chinese guys give the best deals. 1+1=3
Joe's Sunglasses://www.blackflysusa.com/
JKFilms Shirts://www.justkiddingfilms.bigcartel.com
Marge and Homer rent a boat for a second honeymoon cruise, where Marge finds a way to beat the heat.
Hi, this is a Vlog. It's 1 am here in California as I type these words, I just saw Jackass 3D, that sh#t was bananas.
Please feel free to leave a question, and I'll answer some of the mor …
As performed by Homer Simpson.
As performed by Homer Simpson.
As performed by Barney Gumble.
Watch the official full music video HERE://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4MVFAx-AX3c
Take a look behind the scenes of one of our biggest music video productions yet. A lot goes into making a "simple" 3 mi …
Download Sweet Tooth!//justkiddingfilms.bandcamp.com/track/sweet-tooth
Produced by:Bart and Joe
FOLLOW US://twitter.com/JKFilms
A truck stop waitress falls in love with a Sideshow Bob's borrowed face.
Homer's bar wager gets busted by Buttinski Ned Flanders.
Chief Wiggum asks Homer out on a "friend date".
Ned offers to take Homer and the family to Israel.
Bart turns his parents against one another when he fears them becoming a united, parental front.
Look out, Springfield! Here comes Ricardo "La" Bomba!
Gary Larson works as the in-house cartoonist at Capital City Nuclear.
Bart meets the ultimate brothers the Smothers Brothers in a all-brother dream.
Bart pays a visit to the number one prankster in the history of his school.
Heavyweight boxing champion Drederick Tatum trains Marge for her Ultimate Punch fight against the UPKCC founder.
Homer accidentally auditions for the role of comic book hero "Everyman".
Ep11. See all episodes at //www.funnyordie.com/leavethebarn


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You almost forget what kids look like these days, because their faces are buried in their phones.
"I check my phone, that's the first thing I do when I wake up. I wake up with my phone, shut off the ringer, and put it in my bag," says 16-year-old Camila Moreira, a Junior at Revere High school. Her cousin Priscilla Farnese is 18, and they prove our point. "Me, I probably, it would be a hundred at most, 150, 200. I text a lot," Priscilla says.
How about these numbers from the Kaiser Family Foundation. The average teenager and yes, preteen, is spending almost every moment they are awake, on some kind of electronics and it's not just texting. It's screen time, it's the computer, Facebook, TV shows, iPods, and video games.
"Seven and a half hours each day are dedicated to using media, and because of multitasking, several media at the same time, they are exposed to ten hours and 45 minutes of material everyday, and that doesn't even count the hour and half of texting they're doing," says Dr. Michael Rich, the director of the Center on Media and Child Health at Children's Hospital Boston.
After school and sleep, that leaves no time for anything else in the day. Dr. Rich says we should just accept it as part of our kids' lives, but make sure we as parents are hyper aware of what is going on, on each of those screens. "We are now over half of a 24 hour period being dedicated to media exposure, and we know very little about how those media are affecting our kids," Dr. Rich says.
As parents, we spend money on the game systems, the computers, the phones, because it's what our kids want, it'll make them happier, right? Well, not so, says the study. The kids who are totally plugged in, or heavy media users, are just not as happy.
These kids agree, "I hear my parents talk a lot and they seem like they were a lot more happier, even though they didn't have a lot. They had like the raggedy doll and whatever, and I think about it, I'm like, how could you live without television, whatever? I feel like they're much happier," Camila says.
"I can see the point because some people might get addicted to it, people get addicted to a lot of things, and people can get addicted to the internet, and ti's they might lose their friends, and it might be, I don't know, I can kid of see it, but at the same time, the internet, the technology, will create new friends," Priscilla says.
Grades, they can suffer too. The study shows those heavy users also tend to have grades that are "C" and below. While they've got A's and B's, these girls admit, it's easy to get distracted. "So you do your homework, if you have to do research, whatever, you still have the email up, you have facebook up. You have the game up, the music, it's like everything is still there," Priscilla says.
So then it's up to us, as parents to realize our kids are always learning from what they're exposed to, online, in video games, everywhere. It's not just in school. Know they are soaking up things from that screen time as well.
"We will spend a lot of time choosing a school for our kids, and meeting with teachers, and then we send them to school, and they learn about Abraham Lincoln, and photosynthesis, and French. And they come home, and we assume they switch their brains off when they're playing 'Call of Duty', but they are learning as much from 'Call of Duty" as they are from Abraham Lincoln," Dr. Rich says.
Experts agree, not all media is bad, but as a parent, knowing what you're kids are being exposed to, can make a difference. And a little moderation can go a long way.
"I think that to be a good parent, one needs to have one's eyes open. Understand what kids are doing, understand how they're spending one's time, what they are spending their time with, and how that's likely to change them. So that we can proactively get our kids using media in ways that make them healthier, make them stronger, make them better, more productive and successful citizens," Dr. Rich says.
Most teens will agree, they know they spend a lot of time online, but for them it is just part of being a kid. "My mom tells me she's worried a lot about my school, even though I get good grades, she wants me to get all A's. So she's always telling me get off the computer, go do some work or your homework, and I'm like, 'Mom, I'm doing it!"
Kaiser Family Foundation Study on Media Use:
Dr. Rich's 'Ask the Mediatrician' Site:
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Mandalay Village is a transitional sober living for both men and women who are recovering from alcoholism, drug addiction, and other co-existing disorders. It is a non-profit organization that has helped many recover since 2001. Wendy Miller LISAC is the Program Director who has been dedicated to Mandalay since its creation. The facility consist of a main house, a counselor office, 8 cottages, and a swimming pool. The main house and each of the cottages are equipped with household appliances and furniture. Our purpose is to allow individuals to be surrounded by friends, who care, and to learn how to live a meaningful sober life.
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For the most part, the predictions for Phil Kessel are in: TSN has Kessel hitting 31G in 76 games, MLHS says 35G in again, 76 games, and my own (somewhat naive) said 34. But why so low? Isn't this the guy we paid a King's ransom for in hopes that he could be a 40-50 goal scorer?
For the most part, goal predictions are generally based on conservative assumptions surrounding shots, sh%, TOI, previous season GP, etc., and as such always miss the mark on breakout or huge slumping seasons. There is a HUGE variability from season to season, especially in young, dynamic players, and no one should be surprised if the experts say 30 and Phil hits 40. Experts can only predict the future based on the data available to them in the present, and that data can change in an instant. That being said, there are generally some trends that players exhibit that makes it easy to plot a range of likely outcomes.
In my previous post on Kulemin's expected production, I noted there are 3 main things a player has to do to hit 30 goals. Well, the same obviously applies for hitting more than that, and we expect big things out of our awkward sniper.
Step 1: Stay Healthy
In the above chart we see a blue shaded region representing expected production - the top end of the range assumes Kessel plays all 82 and the lower end of the range assumes 70, which he has played twice in the last 3 years.
Step 2: Gimme the Ice
Ever since the trade to Toronto, Kessel has been given ample ice-time, playing on average about 19.6 minutes/game. I think it is reasonable to expect this won't change much in the upcoming season.
Step 3: SHOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOT
No one needs to tell Kessel to shoot, the guy is a shot machine. He ranked 3rd in the league in absolute # of shots last year, he's getting lots of chances to score. The above chart assumes his 3 year average Shots/60 of 12.38.
What does it all mean?
Well, from the chart we can see why most experts are predicting a 30-35G season. The last 2 years' output and sh% point towards this being the likely case. But if Kessel gets a bit of luck in the form of a 12-14% shooting %, expect his output to be more in the 35-45 range, and if the stars align akin to Corey Perry's Hart-winning 2010/2011 season with a 17.3% shooting percentage, 50+ isn't out of the realm of possibility.
Keep in mind that there is usually only 1, maybe 2 50 goal scorers per season, but if Perry can do it, why can't Phil?


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How to translate BuddyPress?
I already translate BuddyPress to Chinese and create a po file. But I don't know how to use it directly.
And I found that if I mesh the po file of BP to po file of MU. It can work. But MU and BP wasn't upgrade in same time everytime. So I want to know how to use the language pack single.
How somebody can understand my poor english. Ha…
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Blame ourselves, not our politicians. By Jacob Williams
Nobody trusts politicians. Why should we, when every day we are presented with yet more evidence to confirm our belief that the overwhelming majority are self-serving, hypocritical, backboneless parasites, vapid pawns of the vested interests that control them and concerned only with gratifying their insatiable lust for power and lining their pockets at public expense? We need only turn on our television, open a newspaper, or log on to the internet to find examples of the obviously endemic corruption and incompetence at the heart of our political culture.
But whilst it is only right that we view with healthy scepticism any politician who seeks to blame his or her poor public image on external factors, it is worth stopping to consider the possibility that the low esteem into which politicians have fallen is not entirely their own fault. Few of us have much direct contact with politicians, but when we do, we are strangely apt to rate them far more favourably than we would otherwise. A recent poll by Yougov found that whereas only 15% of voters agreed that Parliament does a good job of representing the interests and wishes of ordinary people, compared to 62% who disagreed, when asked about their local MPs more voters believed them to be a doing a good job than a bad one.(1) This leaves us in the apparently paradoxical situation in which a plurality of voters believe their MP to be acting in their best interests but politicians in general to be doing the opposite.
Certainly there are many ways in which we might account for this anomaly. Perhaps MPs are simply better at hoodwinking their constituents than the electorate as a whole; perhaps people tend to think that MPs are good at representing their constituents in Parliament but that consequently the interests of the country as a whole are lost in conflict between divergent local interests; perhaps constituencies differ in their political complexion such that people vote for a candidate of whom they approve and with whom they are consequently satisfied but think very little of the choices of others. But none of these possibilities have the ring of authenticity about them; they all require the postulation of various implausible circumstances and cohere badly with our experience of politics. Far from being conned by their MPs, fewer than one in five voters claim to have read anything about them at all recently. Most of us vote on national, not local issues, and the Member for Bristol is well aware that he is a Member of Parliament. And the power of national party organisations and our willingness to vote for whomever our favoured party nominates render subtleties in constituents' preferences near irrelevant.
How, then, are we to account for this damaging lack of trust in politics? If the problem does not lie in politicians themselves, it must lie in the way their activity is presented to us. Certainly the tabloid press makes little or no effort to report on politics in anything approaching a fair and balanced way, but few of us treat it as anything more than a source of light entertainment anyway. More damaging by far is the way even respectable, highbrow media portray politics as a childish game.
All that most of us are likely to see of Parliament are a few seconds of footage of politicians trading insults to the braying and jeering of the backbenches from the fortnightly charade that is Prime Minister's Questions. Cameron and Milliband are combatants in a futile and pointless battle of wits; ordinary MPs are infantile bystanders, cheering and booing their respective leaders in turn. No wonder so many of us conclude that politicians are short-sighted sophists whose role consists solely of imitating farmyard animals in the Chamber of the Commons and blindly following the party whips into the division lobbies, all at taxpayers' expense. And this is merely the tip of the iceberg. Scandalous stories of corruption and incompetence make for juicy gossip and interesting news; quietly getting on with the business of government emphatically does not.
But nothing could be farther from the truth. Prime Ministers' Questions is in no sense representative of the normal activity of the House of Commons. The majority of debate is dry, technocratic, and largely non-partisan. Parliamentary revolts are at an unprecedented post-war high. But all too few of us make the effort to see beyond the misleading portrayal of politics presented to us by the media, and the consequence is a catastrophic lack of trust in our leaders and our political institutions.
I need not repeat the tired truisms about the value of a free and unshackled media in holding politicians to account; but the benefits of a free press in promoting democracy must be weighed against the costs in its corrosive impact on public confidence, yet this appears to be the one aspect of politicians' relationship with the media that Leveson is determined to ignore. Nobody would claim that politicians are perfect; but it is high time we realised that a large portion of the blame for the lack of trust we have in our institutions must be borne by the media for misrepresenting them and ourselves for blindly accepting this entirely false portrayal. If we fail to recognise this, no amount of administrative and constitutional reform will make the problem go away.
(1) http://cdn.yougov.com/cumulus_uploads/document/w3436dvzzd/Democracy%20Results%20120124%20GB%20sample%20(2).pdf


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The 'Personhood' Debate Heats UpBy Jeffrey Hess | Published 31 Oct 2011 07:07pm |
Supporters and opponents of Amendment 26, known as the personhood amendment, are increasing their campaign efforts in the last few days before the Mississippi general election. MPB's Jeffrey Hess reports supporters of 26 are responding to some of their toughest critics about what the passage of the personhood amendment could mean for the state.
"Did my rapist create the life inside of me? no. God almighty created that life,"
31-year old Ashley Sigrest took the podium at a press conference at the capitol in Jackson yesterday telling her story of becoming pregnant after she was raped at 17...she had an abortion and says that event has led her to support amendment 26 which would ban abortion even in cases of rape and incest.
"My rapist didn't kill me; I am standing here alive right now. I have three beautiful children at home and a husband that loves me. But i choose to kill my child out of shame, out of guilt, out of fear. Rape, is no excuse for abortion," Sigrest said.
Brad Prewitt, the executive director of the yes on 26 campaign, says concerns that the amendment could outlaw certain types of birth control are scare tactics, designed to muddy the waters on what he considers a simple issue.
"One of the scare tactics that have been raised is the use of birth control, the pill, contraception. And we have stated unequivocally all along that if you are attempting to prevent a pregnancy there is no problem with defining the personhood of the unborn. But if you are trying to end a pregnancy, that is another story," Prewitt said.
However, there is disagreement in the legal and medical establishment if that would be the case.
Jackson Gynecologist Randy Hines is part of a group of doctors and nurses that have come out against amendment 26, specifically citing the potential that it could ban common birth control and fertility treatments.
"I think there are some forms of birth control that with passage of this amendment would likely be illegal, thinks like the IUD and morning after pill. So birth control is the perfect option of how complicated life will get after 26, if we allow it to be passed," Hines said.
The state medical association and the state nurses association have both come out in opposition to the amendment, over worries of government interference in the doctor-patient relationship.
Initiative 26 and two other constitutional amendments are part of the November eighth general election ballot.
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text: Morongo Basin Transit Authority Board of Directors will meet at 5 p.m. Thursday, January 23, at the MBTA Operations Center on Verbena Road in Joshua Tree. The board will recognize the employee of the quarter and an outgoing board member. Among the items on the consent agenda are treasurer, ridership, operations, administrative and financial reports. Under new business, the board will elect new officers and make sub-committee assignments. The board will also hear a mid-year system review and funding update, a presentation on fares, and on unmet needs by SANBAG.


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Tag Archives: Eli
The Sensory Gym
This term Eli has been going to weekly therapy sessions at a place called The Sensory Gym. Eli has Asperger's and Sensory Integration Disorder a string of big fancy terms … Continue reading
Never Never Boy
Totally out of the blue today Eli approaches me visibly upset. " I'm NEVER ever going to be an adult!" "oh well I think one day you will be" "No … Continue reading
Miss 8
She's been hoping all week that she would get a ribbon on a stick after seeing Lilly get hers. You didn't realize did you that a ribbon on a stick is the most exciting present ever, see all that wasted money on talking robots. Don't worry I'm not getting preachy on you, it's just been really funny all week to watch her ogling Lilly's stick ribbon and declaring quite mater of factly that she should really get one too because "I did really want one the most and for a longer time, even before Lilly did" Continue reading
Five Six Seven
For five days I had three kids under three, and yes I had my hands full. Every year the kids wait with anticipation for these five days. Turning the girls birthdays into magical monuments standing guard one on each side of a unique moment in time that happens only once every year. Continue reading
Miss 5
Miss Lilly Pilly's actual birthday was yesterday and I know I probably should have posted this then but really by the end of it I was just to exhausted. Continue reading


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|Image courtesy of Baloo Cartoons
Personally, I am not a promoter of apologies. The most admission of guilt you will ever hear from me is a hasty, "I'm sorry," –and that is only if I recognize I offended you in some way, and only if sincerely mean it.
My only redeeming quality in the "I'm sorry arena" is that I will actually offer an act of contrition, as opposed to just telling you to fuck off and be on your merry way.
Then again, maybe I'm not so bad. I got to thinking about a myriad of pretenses over the weekend --thanks to a series of unfortunate events. Subsequently, as I got to ruminating more and more about it, I realized that my shortcoming is much of a shortcoming at all.
The reason I am not big on apologies is that I try my utmost to refrain from doing things that require an apology to begin with.
Infuse yourself in that notion for a minute.
So much of who and what we are becomes wrapped up in a feeling of entitlement for an apology when we have been wronged. After all, that's the "right" thing to do. Yet, will that apology make your world better and brighter? Is it going to fix the ache in your heart? Probably not.
Apologies do not hold any magical properties. In fact, apologies are like Band-Aids. They do not really DO anything, other than cover up whatever is bleeding to begin with. So why wait for one?
The cold, severe veracity is that most people are not going to give you an apology, because they (frankly) do not feel you are owed one. You may as well just get over it. Because the only thing worse than no apology is an apology someone doesn't mean.
Quit waiting for an apology that is not coming and change your life anyway. Because trust me, it is not stopping whoever hurt you from doing the same.


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Mail Transfer Agent ⇝
Message Transfer Agente-mail messages. Upon receiving a message from a Mail User Agent or another MTA, often by SMTP over the Internet, it stores it temporarily locally and analyses the recipients and delivers it to any local addressees and/or forwards it to other remote MTAs (routing) for delivery to remote recipients. In either case it may edit and/or add to the message headers. The most widely used MTA for Unix is sendmail, which communicates using SMTP. [Other OSes?] RFC 2821 (SMTP) expands MTA as "Mail Transfer Agent" though this is less common. Alternatives with "Transport" are also seen but less correct.
Last updated: 2007-06-01
Nearby terms:
message switching ♦ Message Transfer Agent ♦ Message Transport Agent
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Sunday Stash – Red, Pink & Aqua
September 20, 2009 at 7:48 pm 3 comments
This gem of a piece is handprinted by the lovely and talented Shannon Lambden, otherwise known as aunty cookie who designs a whole range of fabrics and other products with her whimsical illustrations. I'd been thinking about ordering a little something from her when I saw this panel available and knew it was the one. My girls have decided (Rather, Suzannah decided with some direction from me and Izzy nodded her head sweetly in agreement) that they want their room to be red, pink and aqua. I am only too happy to oblige and soon I'll be making a duvet cover from these little lovlies….I especially love the tulips and the oversized flowers. This is going to be fun. Though, I have no experience making a duvet cover. Note to self, figure out how to make duvet cover for daughters. Please advise, early and often!
Entry filed under: blankets, craft, design, fabric, home, homemade, kids, quilting, quilts, Sewing, Stash, sunday stash, wip. Tags: .
3 Comments Add your own
Beautiful fabrics! Red + aqua = my favourite colour combo :)
When I made a duvet cover for myself, I just sewed a wide hem on one side of each piece (the top and bottom) and then sewed the two pieces right sides together but not all the way across on the side with the hem. I finished it off by adding buttons and buttonholes to the hemed edges.
I also added snaps in the corners of the cover on the inside and to corners of the duvet so that it all stayed put. I've also seen some with ties sewn into the corners for the same reason.
I love the little ducks (or swans)!
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This post matters. If you're involved in the healthcare sector or a energy utility, please read.
This Monday I had the pleasure of being in Mexico City for the OECD's High Level Meeting on e-Government. CIO's from a number of countries were present - including Australia, Canada, the UK and Mexico (among others). But what really got me going was a presentation by Chris Vein, the Deputy United States Chief…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 29, 2012 at 6:11am — No Comments
As some of my readers know I've been engaged by the real estate industry at various points over the last year to share thoughts about how they might be impacted in a world where listings data might be more open.
So I was saddened to read the other day about this misleading…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 26, 2012 at 8:40am — No Comments
Sorry for the lack of posts this week - just some calm before gathering storm. April and May are going to be intense.
For those interested in these things I've a number of upcoming talks I'll be giving and and conferences I'll be attending. Many of these are open to the public in case you are in the neighborhood.
Conference: OECD High Level Meeting on E-Government: New ICT Solutions for Public…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 23, 2012 at 1:40pm — No Comments
The other day I stumbled over this intriguing article which describes how a group of residents in Vancouver have started to surveille the police as they do their work in the downtown eastside, one of the poorest and toughest neighborhoods in Canada. The reason is simple. Many people - particularly those who are marginalized and most vulnerable - simply do not trust the police. The interview with the…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 20, 2012 at 9:09am — 1 Comment
Yesterday was the one year anniversary of the Canadian federal government's open data portal. Over the past year government officials have been continuously adding to the portal, but as it isn't particularly easy to browse data sets on the website, I've noticed a lot of people aren't aware of what data is now available (self included!). Consequently, I want to encourage people to scan the available data sets and blog about ones that they think might be…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 16, 2012 at 3:08pm — No Comments
As some of you may remember, the other week I suggested that on its one year anniversary we hack data.gc.ca - specifically, that people share what data sets they find most interesting on the website, especially as it is hard to search it.
Initially I'd uploaded a list of all the data sets on the catalog to buzzdata. However the other day the…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 15, 2012 at 10:37am — No Comments
When it comes to see what trends will impact government in 20-30 years I'm a big fan of watching the US military. They may do lot of things wrong but, when it comes to government, they are on the bleeding edge of being a "learning organization." It often feels like they are less risk averse, more likely to experiment, and, (as noted) more likely to learn, than almost any government agency I can think of (hint, those things maybe be interconnected). Few people realize that to rise above…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 13, 2012 at 9:07am — No Comments
In response to my post yesterday one reader sent me a very thoughtful commentary that included this line at the end:
"Rather than compare [Freedom of Information] FOI legislation and Open Gov Data as if it's "one or the other", do you think there's a way of talking about how the two might converge?"
One small detail:
So before diving in to the meat let me start by saying I don't believe anything in yesterday's post claimed open…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 9, 2012 at 6:34am — No Comments
Okay, let's geek out on some open data portal stats from data.gc.ca. I've got three parts to this review: First, an assessment on how to assess the value of data.gc.ca. Second, a look at what are the most downloaded data sets. And third, some interesting data about who is visiting the portal.
Before we dive in, a thank you to Jonathan C sent me some of this data to me the other day after requesting it from Treasury Board,…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 8, 2012 at 5:29am — No Comments
I've been following the rise of do it yourself (DIY) drones for a few years now, ever since Chris Anderson, the editor of Wired magazine, introduced me to the topic in a podcast. And yes, I'm talking about flying drones... Like those the US Air Force uses to monitor - and attack - enemy forces in Afghanistan. Except, in the case of DIY drones, they are smaller, cheaper, and are being built by a growing legion of hobbyists, companies and enthusiasts all around the world, many of whom are…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 7, 2012 at 5:28am — 1 Comment
In just under two weeks data.gc.ca will celebrate its one year anniversary. This will also mark the period that the pilot project is officially supposed to end.
Looking at data.gc.ca three things stand out. First, the license has improved a great deal since its launch. Second, a LOT of data has been added to the site over the last year. And finally, the…Continue
Added by David Eaves on March 5, 2012 at 1:27pm — No Comments
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Steel in the News
Back to all posts
Posted by Tasha Weiss on March 22, 2011 at 8:29 AM.
Voting is now open for the 2011 Prize Bridge Awards honoring significant and innovative steel bridges constructed in the United States. The competition began in 1928 with first place awarded for the Sixth Street Bridge in Pittsburgh, coincidentally just a few blocks down the river from this year's NASCC: The Steel Conference venue. Since then, more than 300 bridges have won first place in a variety of categories.
This year winning bridges will be selected from a pool of all the award-winning bridges recognized since the competition began in 1928. There are two concurrent levels of competition that will result in both Industry Choice and People's Choice award winners.
Explore the past Prize Bridge winners, discover new and old favorites, and vote throughout the month of April on the National Steel Bridge Alliance website at http://bit.ly/gmS9U2.
For a list of the previous award-winning bridges, go to http://bit.ly/a38uku.


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The Columbus Police Department has identified a group of five suspects they are investigating in a possible residential burglary ring.
Chris Gilliam, Delmorris Boyd, Jakeith Robinson, Wayman McMillian, and Xavius Table have outstanding warrants for Burglary and Auto Theft.
Anyone with information that could lead to an arrest should call 911 and provide a detailed description, location and any vehicle information.
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An Alternative Model of the Double Slit Interference Experiment
by wmadden
Tags: alternative, double, experiment, interference, model, slit
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Nov20-07, 07:55 PM
An Alternative Model of the
Double Slit Interference Experiment
W.H. Madden
November 20, 2007
This post presents an alternative model of the double-slit interference (DSI) experiment. The model is based on a novel physical interpretation of the concept of the DeBroglie wavelength.
This alternative model is shown to fulfill the essential requirements for any plausible model of the DSI experiment: It can account for the observed wave-like interference pattern, is applicable to single quanta type variants of the DSI experiment, and is in complete agreement with the experimentally observedand QM predictedresults. Further, the model is entirely particle based.
The proposed model has advantages: Being strictly particle based, the wave/particle duality paradox is avoided. Non-local action at a distance is not required to account for the individual quantas sensitivity to the global condition of both slits. Also, a concrete physical interpretation is given to the DeBroglie wavelength.
The main disadvantage of this model is that this physical interpretation calls into question the fundamental assumption of continuous motion.
In the DSI experiment, the seemingly innocent question of what goes through the slits? remains unresolved, even after years of debate. Despite perfect success in predicting all experimental outcomes, QM formalism offers little help in answering this question (1,2).
Numerous variations of the DSI experiment have clearly shown the gradual build-up of the wave-like interference pattern by single quanta (for example, Tonomura, et al (3). Recently, Afshar (4) has demonstrated the simultaneous presence of both wave-like and particle-like behavior for single quanta, in violation of complementarity.
These experiments, along with many others, have served to reinvigoratebut not resolvethe debate on the underlying nature of wave/particle duality. A central theme of this debate is the physical meaning of the concept of particle wavelength, as first introduced (for non-relativistic cases) by DeBroglie:
[tex]\lambda = \frac{h}{mv} \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 1[/tex]
where [tex]\lambda[/tex] is the particle wavelength, h is Plancks constant, and m and v are the particle mass and velocity, respectively.
For this paper, the following concrete physical interpretation of particle wavelength is adopted:
The particle wavelength is the minimum, discrete spatial distance across which the particle can travel.
For unaccelerated motion, an immediate corollary to this discrete motion interpretation (DMI) is:
Only trajectories with lengths equal to integer multiples of wavelengths are allowed:
[tex]T_{DMI} = N\lambda \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 2[/tex]
where N is an integer.
Consequently, the difference between any two DMI trajectories [tex]T_{a}[/tex] and [tex]T_{b}[/tex] and must also be an integer multiple of the wavelength, [tex]\lambda[/tex]:
[tex]T_{a} = N_{a}\lambda[/tex]
where M is an integer.
Applied to the DSI experiment, the DMI restriction of Equation 3 is immediately familiar as the wave model condition for an interference maxima at a given point, [tex]P_{Y}[/tex], on the screen:
[tex]P_{A}-P_{B} = M\lambda \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 4[/tex]
where [tex]P_{A}[/tex] and [tex]P_{B}[/tex] are, respectively, the path distances from slit A and slit B to the point, [tex]P_{Y}[/tex].
Unlike DMI, the wave model sets no restrictions on the allowed path lengths. In the wave model, path lengths can always be expressed in the form:
[tex]P_{A} = (N_{A}+K_{A})\lambda[/tex]
where [tex]N_{A}[/tex] and [tex]N_{B}[/tex] are integers, and [tex]K_{A}[/tex] and [tex]K_{B}[/tex] are both non-integer values between 0 and 1. So, for example, [tex]P_{A}[/tex] could be 2,000,000.3[tex]\lambda[/tex], and [tex]P_{B}[/tex] could be 1,999,998.3[tex]\lambda[/tex]. Although neither of the path lengths [tex]P_{A}[/tex] or [tex]P_{B}[/tex] is an integer multiple of the wavelength, [tex]\lambda[/tex], the difference between them, 2[tex]\lambda[/tex], is.
Because the wave model allows more possible solutions for interference maxima than does the DMI model, the DMI modelas considered so far must be incomplete.
A more sophisticated version of the DMI model should include an important uncertainty inherent in the model itselfthe uncertainty in the exact position of the trajectorys starting point, [tex]\Delta[/tex]. The term, [tex]\Delta[/tex], arises as a direct consequence of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: if the trajectory start point is known to a precision smaller than the wavelength, the momentum of the particle involvedand therefore the very wavelength being consideredwill be disturbed.
The starting point uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], can be physically interpreted as the distance the trajectory extends into the slit opening. [tex]\Delta[/tex] must always be between 0 and 1[tex]\lambda[/tex], and, for each event, [tex]\Delta[/tex] is definite but unknown. In a large sample of events, [tex]\Delta[/tex] will vary randomly for each event.
Fig. 1 shows the DMI model of a single-slit interference experiment, including the start-point uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], and using real-world experimental values.
In this example, the slit barrier to screen distance, R, is 1 meter; the slit width, W, is .1 millimeter, and the source wavelength, [tex]\lambda[/tex], is 500 nanometers.
In the DMI model, the basic unit of length is 1[tex]\lambda[/tex]. Expressing the length, R, in terms of the wavelength:
[tex]R = (N_{R}+K_{R})\lambda \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 6[/tex]
with [tex]N_{R}[/tex] an integer, and [tex]K_{R}[/tex] a non-integer between 0 and 1.
For the example considered here, R is exactly 1 meter. Since [tex]N_{R}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{R}{\lambda}[/tex], [tex]N_{R}[/tex] = 1 meter / 500 nanometers, and [tex]N_{R}[/tex] = 2,000,000; with the values chosen for this example, [tex]K_{R}[/tex] is 0.
Theoretically, R can be known to any precision, and can be measured from a point at the barrier not positioned on the slit, so the start point uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], does not apply to measurement of the distance, R.
On the other hand, DMI model trajectories must include the uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], and can be generally expressed as:
[tex]T_{DMI} = (N_{T}+K_{T}+\Delta)\lambda \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 7[/tex]
In keeping with the primary DMI condition, all DMI trajectories are restricted to:
[tex]T_{DMI} = N\lambda \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 8[/tex]
The only way equations 7 and 8 can be equal is if the term [tex](K_{T}+\Delta)[/tex] is also an integer. As previously defined, both [tex](K_{T}[/tex] and [tex]\Delta)[/tex] are less than 1[tex]\lambda[/tex], so their sum, [tex](K_{T}+\Delta)[/tex], must be less than 2[tex]\lambda[/tex]. To satisfy the DMI condition, [tex](K_{T}+\Delta)[/tex], must equal 1.
Returning to the example of Fig. 1, consider a single event. For simplicity, assume the uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], for this particular event is equal to 0 (a possible, although statistically unlikely, assumption).
For this example, the DMI model predicts the following discrete set of allowed trajectories:
[tex]T_{M} = \{(N\lambda)...(N+1)\lambda...(N+2)\lambda...(N+M)\lambda\} \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 9[/tex]
with N = 2,000,000, and M = {0 1 2 3 etc.}.
Each of these possible trajectories will have an associated displacement at the screen, [tex]Y_{M}[/tex], given by basic trigonometry:
[tex]Y_{M^2} = (N+M)^2\lambda^2-N^2\lambda^2 \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 10[/tex]
Simplifying Eq.10, and discarding relatively small terms, gives a close approximation for the screen displacements:
[tex]Y_M=\sqrt{(2NM)}\ \lambda \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 11[/tex]
When M = 0, [tex]Y_M[/tex] is also 0, and there is no displacement at the screen.
Solving for the next few displacements gives:
[tex]Y_{1} \sim 1\ millimeter[/tex]
[tex]Y_{2} \sim 1.4142\ mm.[/tex]
In general, the allowed displacements for this single event (where [tex]\Delta[/tex] is 0) are approximated by [tex]Y_M[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{M}\ mm.[/tex][tex]Y_{3} \sim 1.7320\ mm.[/tex]
Obviously, this pattern is not what is observed at the screen, but these results are for a single event, with a single valuezeroof [tex]\Delta[/tex].
The actual pattern observed will be the composite of a large sample of events, with the variable, [tex]\Delta[/tex], different each time.
To include the uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], Eq.10 must be re-written:
[tex]Y_{M^2} = (N+M)^2\lambda^2-(N+\Delta)^2\lambda^2 \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 12[/tex]
After simplification, and again disregarding small terms, a close approximation for [tex]Y_M[/tex] is:
[tex]Y_{M} = \sqrt{2N(M-\Delta)} \ \lambda\ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 13[/tex]
As [tex]\Delta[/tex], varies from 0 to approaching 1, Eq.13 varies from [tex]\sqrt{2NM}[/tex] to [tex]\sqrt{2N(M-1)}[/tex]; for smaller values of M, this variation leads to a significant change in the pattern on the screen.
For example, consider the trajectory when M = 1. Its displacement at the screen is 1 mm when [tex]\Delta[/tex], is 0[tex]\lambda[/tex], but approaches 0 mm as [tex]\Delta[/tex] approaches 1[tex]\lambda[/tex].
As [tex]\Delta[/tex], varies across a large sample of events, the cumulative distribution of points on the screen becomes almost continuous, in agreement with what is actually observed.
Applying the DMI model to the double-slit interference experiment now becomes straightforward.
Figure (2a) shows the DSI experiment, with the same values for R, W, and [tex]\lambda[/tex], as in the single-slit example just discussed. The slit separation, d, is .2 mm. For clarity, the slit barrier side of the experiment has been greatly exaggerated.
Recall the wave-model condition for a bright interference fringe at a point, [tex]P_Y[/tex], on the screen:
[tex]P_{A}-P_{B}=M\lambda[/tex] and
[tex](N_{A}+K_{A})\lambda-(N_{B}+K_{B})\lambda=M\lambda \ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 14[/tex]
where the left hand terms are the expressions for the wave-model path lengths.
In the DMI model, these expressions are simply replaced by ones which include the start point uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex]:
[tex]T_{a} = (N_{a}+K_{a}+\Delta)\lambda[/tex]
[tex]T_{b} = (N_{b}+K_{b}+\Delta)\lambda\ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 15[/tex]
It is important to note that, for each event, the uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], is the same for both slits; this is because the uncertainty applies to the start point of a single particle trajectorythat is, a single eventwhich must originate at only 1 of the 2 possible slits.
Substitution of the DMI trajectories (Eq.15) into the wave-model interference condition (Eq.14) has no effect; since the variable [tex]\Delta[/tex] is the same for both trajectories [tex]T_{a}[/tex] and [tex]T_{b}[/tex], it simply cancels out.
The underlying geometrical framework of both the wave and DMI models is seen to be identical, and predictions from one model must carry over to the other. The observed outcomes, if not the underlying physical basis, of both models are the same.
Fig 2b shows the interference pattern resulting from the DSI experiment of Fig. 2a. The pattern is described by the conventional wave-model equation:
[tex]Y_{M}=\frac{(M \lambda R)}{d}\ \ \ \ \ \ Eq. \ 16[/tex]
where, again, M = {0 1 2 3 etc.}, R = 1 m, [tex]\lambda[/tex] = 500 nm, and
d = .2 mm.
Substituting the values {0,1,2,3 etc.} for M gives the displacements for the first few interference maxima:
[tex]Y_{0} \sim 0[/tex]
[tex]Y_{1} \sim 2.5\ millimeters[/tex]
[tex]Y_{2} \sim 5.0\ mm[/tex]
[tex]Y_{3} \sim 7.5\ mm[/tex]...,etc.
This result, as predicted by both the wave and DMI models, agrees exactly with that which is experimentally observed.
By incorporating both the discrete motion interpretation of particle wavelength and the uncertainty in the trajectory start point, the DMI model of the DSI experiment is shown to have the following features:
It can account for the observed wave-like interference pattern, although it is entirely particle-based, and it is applicable to individual eventsthat is, to single particles.
No wave collapse is required in the DMI model, and the apparent non-locality (that is, the instantaneous change in outcome dependent upon the state of both slits) is caused not by any interaction between the particle and the slits, but by the presence or absence of possible DMI trajectories. The non-local aspects of the DSI experiment are seen to be geometricaland not physicalin nature.
These include delayed-choice experiments and single quanta self-interference experiments. A very brief discussion of each follows:
1. Delayed Choice: in these types of experiments, the decision as to what type of detector to employ is made after the quanta (wave or particle) has already passed through the slit barrier (5). If two narrow field of view detectors are used, with each focused on one slit or the other, the detector outputs can be analyzed to determine which slit the quanta passed through. If, on the other hand, an extended detector (the phosphorescent screen) is used, an interference pattern is observed. The choice of detector appears to alter the nature (wave-like or particle-like) of the quanta involved, after it has already passed the slit barrier. In a sense, the choice of detector seems to influence the past.
2. Self Interference: in this variant, one photon at a time is directed through a beam splitter, with a 50% chance of passing through, and 50% chance of reflection. See Fig. 3. If the photon follows path A, it goes directly to the screen; if it follows path B, it is first reflected by a mirror before proceeding to the screen. The position of the mirror is adjustable along path B. As the mirror is moved, the intensity at the screen varies. Although only 1 photon at a time is considered, an interference-like effect occurs at the screen, as though the single photon were somehow interfering with itself (6).
The DMI model deals readily with both these variants. Delayed-choice experiments are essentially the DSI experiment posed in more dramatic terms, and, in DMI, the choice of detector is irrelevant; in all cases, a single particle-like quanta passes through one slit or the other; the interference pattern arises as a statistical consequence of the permitted DMI trajectories. Only those quanta following DMI trajectories are detected as point-like flashes on the screen; those which do not are not detected at all.
For the self-interference experiment, the same reasoning applies. The presence of the beam splitter provides for 2 separate paths to the screen; in effect, the beam splitter acts as a double slit, and the photon simply follows one of the available paths at random. When at least one of these paths is a DMI permitted trajectory, the photon can be detected at the screen. When both paths are DMI trajectories, the probability of detection is that much greater. If one of the path lengths is varied (by changing the position of the mirror very slightly), the intensity at the point on the screen will vary as well.
Returning to the original questionwhat goes through the slits? the DMI model furnishes an entirely particle-based answer, which can also account for the observed wave-like interference pattern. DMI does so by adopting a concrete physical interpretation of the particle wavelength, and this interpretation then restricts the allowed trajectories the particle can follow to the screen. Furthermore, the DMI model can be applied to individual particles.
If the second slit is opened, a new set of possible DMI trajectories appears instantaneously, but again, for each event, the particle merely follows one of these at random. For a large sample of events, the probability of detecting the particle within a given region on the screen depends on the number of allowed DMI trajectories with endpoints in that region.
Non-locality is very much present in the DMI model, but it is of a geometricalnot physicalnature. It is the DMI trajectories which can interact non-locally, and the experimental setup can be manipulated to alter these instantaneously.
The central tenet of DMIthat the DeBroglie wavelength has a concrete physical interpretationserves to clearly frame what Feynman (7) once called the only mystery of QM, but does not resolve it. In this paper, discrete motion is treated as a first principle, and no explanation is offered here for the mechanism of particle jumps, if such a mechanism exists at all.
Obviously, DMI has far-reaching implications, extending to the foundations of both quantum and classical mechanics, and these must be investigated more thoroughly. Some immediate tests of the validity of DMI could be found in applications to the electron in a box experiment, quantum tunneling, and development of a DMI model of the hydrogen atom.
Dec3-07, 11:38 AM
Dec3-07, 02:37 PM
This proposal looks wrong to me based on the well understood observation of quantum diffraction that happens when one slit is used on a coherent light source. One sees an interference pattern after the peak. That is not what is shown in figure 1. Quantum diffraction doesn't get nearly the same amount of airplay as quantum interference, but shows Nature is consistent. Since figure 1 disagrees with observation, this alternative is not viable.
I am at peace with this issue. In my living room, I have a piece of art titled "Groups of coherent photons behave like waves and particles". Words #1 and #3 are critical to understand in this context.
It appears like your model does not deal with the issue of coherence, which indicates to me the logic is wrong. A coherent light source will show the interference pattern in the two slit experiment, and an incoherent light source will not. Therefore coherence is vital to understanding this issue.
Dec3-07, 05:42 PM
PF Gold
An Alternative Model of the Double Slit Interference Experiment
The theory is not about particles but waves, and so can only give the same answers as the usual wave treatments. I base this on the following argument.
If we define the dB wavelength in the way you do, then a trajectory becomes a series of points which lie close togther along the classical trajectory. Consider a second trajectory for a particle of equal momentum. Will the dots line up ? You have a hidden phase in your model which I suspect is your Delta (uncertainty). Sweetser above makes a similar point when he cites coherence, which depend on phase.
I don't think there's anything new in this theory.
You may be interested to look at Bohmian QM where trajectories are wavy and cross the classical trajectory at intervals equal to the dB wavelength.
Dec10-07, 07:03 PM
Hello. Thank you for reading (and responding!!!) to this post.
I completely agree with you that this alternative model adds nothing new to conventional QM theory, but it was never intended to do so. QM formalism, as it stands, is a supremely successful theory, and has withstood every experimental test to which it has been put.
However, QM theory does leave the door open for interpretation of some of the underlying physical elements (specifically, for the DSI Experiment, the question of "what goes through the slits?")...and there are several such interpretations around (Everett's "Many Worlds", Cramer's "Transactional", the Bohm interpretation, etc.).
My proposal offers a new physical interpretation for DeBroglie's particle wavelength..."the discrete motion interpretation", and the consequence of this is the emulation of wave-like behavior by individual particles. The possible advantage of this approach is via Occam's Razor: the wave particle duality paradox is avoided (the quanta are always treated as particles), and physical non-locality is replaced by a hopefully more palatable form of geometrical non-locality. Of course, my DMI model comes with its own form of quantum "weirdness" - particle-like quanta "jump" across the DeBroglie wavelength - and this directly challenges the assumption of continuous motion.
Again, I thank you for your very thoughtful comment.
Dec10-07, 11:08 PM
Thank you for reading and responding to my post, and I apologize for the lengthy delay in my replying to you.
You raised many critical questions and I shall try to deal with these, though not necessarily in order. Your primary objection (and please correct me if I misunderstand) concerns Figure 1, and its failure to match the experimentally observed results. You are absolutely correct--and I did acknowledge this in the original posting (though I perhaps should have used a stronger disclaimer). Figure 1 was intended to show in schematic form the geometric relations between the possible DMI trajectories for a single slit. Fig. 1 shows the simplest case for a single "event" (that is, the passage of a single quanta--be it a photon, electron, atom, etc.) for a very specific set of idealized conditions (the slit to screen distance, R, of exactly 2,000,000 [tex]\lambda[/tex], and with the uncertainty factor [tex]\Delta[/tex] set to zero). As mentioned in the post, these conditions are highly unlikely -- [tex]\Delta[/tex] will vary randomly from 0 to 1[tex]\lambda[/tex] with each event, and the possible trajectories for a single quanta -- as shown in Fig. 1 -- will vary accordingly. The effect of a non-zero value of [tex]\Delta[/tex] on the outcome illustrated in Fig. 1 is given by Eq. 13.
I stress again the importance of single quanta variants of the DSI experiments (and these have actually been performed--see, for example, Refs. 3, 4 and 6 in the original post). When these experiments are performed, each event does not produce a very faint interference (or in the case of a single slit, diffraction) pattern. Instead, a single, point-like flash is observed at the screen. Only when numerous (hundreds--better yet, thousands) of single quanta events are observed successively, does the cumulative result appear as an interference pattern (for two slits) or a diffraction pattern (for a single slit).
To stay within the posting length restrictions, I did not discuss the issue of single slit diffraction--which I will attempt to do-- very briefly-- here. Quantum diffraction can be successfully accounted for by the conventional wave model (and again, please correct me if I am mistaken in this). Essentially, the single slit is subdivided into many sub-slits, each of a width approaching the wavelength. Each of the sub-slits then acts as a source of coherent Huygen wavelets and it is the interference of these wavelets which produces the observed diffraction pattern. The situation is analogous to replacing the single slit with an exceedingly fine-ruled diffraction grating. This, in turn, is equivalent to replacing the double slits with multiple slits, spaced very closely together.
Although more complicated than the double slit experiment, the same underlying geometrical framework applies, and, as discussed in the original post, the discrete motion interpretation of DeBroglie wavelength permits individual particles to emulate wave-like behavior, as a consequence of the "discrete" trajectories that must be followed to the screen. Coherence, while absolutely essential in a wave based model, is not applicable to the particle based model I propose here. I will prepare a more formal post addressing this issue, if the good moderators of this forum so permit.
Finally, you said:
I am at peace with this issue. In my living room, I have a piece of art titled "Groups of coherent photons behave like waves and particles". Words #1 and #3 are critical to understand in this context.
This puts you in the best of company (Bohr, Feynman, etc.!!!). But...we should still try, should we not? As mentioned in the original post, if a particle based model can be developed which recovers the experimentally observed facts (each quanta detected as a point-like flash; cumulative build-up of the wave-like interference pattern, etc.) such a model deserves further consideration. Even if shown to be wrong, perhaps we can learn something by the attempt.
Thanks again for your reply.
Dec11-07, 10:16 AM
The double slit undoubtably is the most intriguing of physics experiments, so simple yet so enigmatic. Everyone knows the mathematical model, it works so well, yet we humans have a problem wrapping our mind around the actual physical process. People who value sanity just leave it alone. I think your view is as good as the next, but I'm not sure it distinguishably testable, and doesnt illuminate the core issue, most in need of explanation: the non-locality.
A while back I wrote an article, perhaps further complicating the issue of trajectory for the double slit, you may find interesting.
Dec18-07, 09:49 PM
Thank you for raising many interesting points regarding my post. The first of these-regarding phase and coherence- are crucial to any wave based model of the double slit experiment. But please bear in mind that, for single quanta experiments, the conventional wave model predicts a very faint interference pattern for each event and this is not what is experimentally observed. Instead, each event is observed as a single point-like flash at the screen. It is the cumulative result of many such individual events which produces a wave-like interference pattern.
This is the crux of wave/particle duality: both the particle and wave models are necessary but neither alone is sufficient to fully account for the observed results.
This is where my proposal comes in: it is a modification of the conventional particle model, which, by discretizing the possible particle trajectories, results in emulation of wave-like behavior each individual event is observed as a point-like flash, and these flashes are much more likely to occur at locations matching the wave model interference fringes. For single quanta experiments, no wave is required, and the question of coherence a wave model attribute -- simply does not arise.
If a suitably modified particle model can account for the single quanta experiments, the same principles should extend to multi-quanta experiments.
The modification to the particle model I propose is to adopt a novel physical interpretation of the DeBroglie wavelength, and I suspect the terminology here is giving rise to some confusion. Mathematically, the DeBroglie wavelength is simply a measure of distance. Historically, it has been applied in a wave model context. However, as discussed above, a strictly wave-based model cannot fully account for the experimental results. The physical meaning of the DeBroglie wavelength (distance) remains open to interpretation.
You correctly point out the similarity between the [tex]\Delta[/tex] factor in my proposal and the idea of phase in the wave model. There are some functional similarities, but, again, phase is a wave-based concept, and my model deals strictly with particles.
The [tex]\Delta[/tex] in my model has a definite physical interpretation: it is the uncertainty of the trajectory starting point for each single particle, and I justify its inclusion by the following reasoning:
1. It is required by the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: if a particles momentum (hence, wavelength) is known to a certain precision, the particles position is uncertain by an amount at best equal to that wavelength.
2. For a particle, there is nothing special about the slit face (with the face being co-planar to the slit barrier). The slit is, after all, just empty space.
From the second point, the [tex]\Delta[/tex] uncertainty can be further interpreted as the distance the particles starting point extends into the slit (that is, behind the slit face).
This uncertainty is definite, but unknown, for each and every single event, and varies randomly with each event.
Also, as you point out, my discrete motion proposal is, in many ways, similar to the DeBroglie-Bohm model, but there is an important difference: in DeBroglie-Bohm, each particle-like quanta, at the moment of creation, is accompanied by a physically real quantum potential field, which instantaneously ( that is, non-locally) permeates the entire experimental apparatus. In my proposal, no physical non-locality is required the quantum potential field is replaced by simple, geometrical relations among the possible discrete trajectories. These trajectories have no independent, physical reality a trajectory only becomes real if the particle happens to follow it.
Non-locality is very much present in my model, but it is of a geometrical not physical nature.
(A simplistic example to illustrate the difference: consider a triangle with sides with 3, 4 and 5 ft. Now, instantaneously extend the sides to 3, 4, and 5 lightyears. Nothing physical has changed, and no violation of the speed of light limitation has occurred. However, were a particle to be launched along a trajectory given by any of these sides, it would travel a distance given by the side.
Geometry can be non-local; this non-locality, however, is not physically real.)
Finally, you ask the question:
Consider a second trajectory for a particle of equal momentum. Will the dots line up ?
Well...yes, though not at the same time, anymore than say, 2 golf balls hit at exactly the same angle, with exactly the same speed, from exactly the same starting point, can simultaneously follow the same trajectory. 2 particles cannot occupy the same location at the same time. And, in light of the definition of the [tex]\Delta[/tex] uncertainty given above, sharing an identical starting point is a statistically very unlikely occurrence.
I must disagree with your statement this model is "about waves". I hope I have demonstrated that my proposal is really about a modification of the conventional particle model...and how such a modification produces "wave-like" behavior, even for single quanta experiments.
I hope this reply has clarified some of the points you raised -- if not, please let me know. Again, I thank you very much for your reply.
Dec19-07, 09:36 AM
PF Gold
Dr. Madden,
thanks for answering my questions in such detail. I have to agree now that my statement "this is really about waves" was rather hasty. In fact I've not found any other work which begins with the notion of discrete motion, governed by the de Broglie wavelength, so it does look like a new way of looking at motion. Of course there are theories where space and/or time are quantised, or in a lattice, but not quite the DM you take as an axiom.
Let me say that I have no objection to your uncertainty concept, it is physically justified and reminded me immediately of the unknowable quantum phase and HUP. Hence my remark.
This is very interesting and I'm going to think about it. The idea of the quantum potential being replaced by non-local geometry is new to me.
Dec19-07, 06:02 PM
PF Gold
Thinking about collisions brings in relativity, and the de Broglie wavelength is not invariant under boosts. If two particles interact, then one observer may see an interaction between lambda_A and lambda_B, but another observer sees an interaction between different wavelengths. If the outcome of the interaction depends directly on the deB wavelength, something unphysical is predicted.
Maybe it will work if one uses a different definition of momentum, and hence wavelength, based on a relativistic invariant.
Obviously I haven't worked this through...
Jan8-08, 01:13 PM
Happy New Year. Thank you for your recent reply and for posting the link to your paper. I found it very interesting.
A conceptually similar experiment to yours was performed by Pfleegor and Mandel back in 1967 (Pfleegor and Mandel, Interference of Independent Photon Beams, Physical Review, Vol. 159, pp. 184-188, (1967)). Instead of radio frequency sources, their experiment involved two independent lasers with beams that converged at a very small angle.
In the conventional wave model, two such independent sources would normally be phase- incoherent to each other, but two independent lasers can achieve coherence for brief periods (in this case, for approx. 20 microseconds), the so-called coherence time. When measurements were restricted to a window no longer than this, their experiment showed interference effects.
The conventional wave model accounts for this nicely wave trains from both lasers were interfering with each other. However, when the laser sources were severely attenuated so that, with high probability, only one photon at a time was present in their apparatus a very weak interference pattern persisted (again, it must be stressed, this pattern was cumulative that is, composed of many individual point-like detections).
The dilemma here is similar to the one you raised in your paper: If we adhere to Diracs dictum ( each photon interferes only with itself. Interference between different photons never occurs.), it seems that each single quanta is being co-produced by two separate sources.
QM formalism, however, does not demand such extremely counter-intuitive interpretations it simply permits them, as well as other, less radical models. In essence, for the Pfleegor-Mandel experiment, the two slits have been replaced by two lasers. In my proposal, each quanta that is, each individual photon regardless of which laser produced it, follows a distinct single trajectory to the screen. It is the possible trajectories themselves which are unconventional they are restricted by the discrete motion interpretation of the DeBroglie wavelength, and this restriction limits the possible points on the screen where the photon can be detected. When a large sample of such individual events is considered, a statistical consequence is the emulation of wave-like interference.
You commented:
You also commented:
Consider a conventional wave model for a single quanta -- it is detected at the screen at just one location, and somehow must non-locally know not to be detected at other interference fringes (this is, perhaps, the crudest example of the collapse of the wave function problem).
On the other hand, a conventional particle-like quanta must know in some non-local fashion the open or closed state of the slit it did not pass through, so as to contribute to an emergent double-slit interference pattern, or not. My DMI proposal, as discussed above, avoids both these forms of physical non-locality; although non-local effects are present, they arise from geometrical not physical causes. Both QM formalism (and experimental results) demand non-locality, but leave the door open as to the underlying nature of its cause.
I thank you again for your thoughtful comments.
Jan8-08, 01:31 PM
Reply #2 to Mentz114
Happy New Year. Thank you so much for your kind comments…it's very gratifying to know my ideas have, perhaps, provided some food for thought, as have yours. Also (just to keep me honest), I must say, while your salutation was exremely complimentary, I hold no advanced physics degrees.
I look forward to any additional comments you may have. Thanks again.
May17-08, 03:53 PM
If you admit an uncertainty in the beginning of trajectory, shouldn't you not also admit an uncertainty in the momentum of the particle?
If so what one get's is a set of possible trajectories corresponding to a continuous interval of wave length's
May27-08, 09:16 PM
Thank you for your question regarding the role of the trajectory start point uncertainty, [tex]\Delta[/tex], in my proposal.
If this term applied to the quanta itself, it would indeed have the consequences you describe (introducing a spread in the momentum, energy and wavelength of each quanta).
However, the [tex]\Delta[/tex] term applies not to the quanta, but rather to the measurement of the overall trajectory length followed by it.
In the conventional wave model, the slit to screen path length(s) are treated as originating precisely at the face of each slit, with no regard given to any positional uncertainty at all.
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, however, limits the position measurement of a quanta along its trajectory to a minimal uncertainty of one wavelength.
In my particle-based model, the [tex]\Delta[/tex] term acknowledges the effect of this Heisenberg positional uncertainty on measurement of the slit to screen trajectory length. For each quanta, [tex]\Delta[/tex] is a definite--though unknowndistance, and must be less than the quantas wavelength. Physically, [tex]\Delta[/tex] can be interpreted as a minute extension of the trajectory start point into the slit opening which, after all, is just empty space.
Please see my response to Mentz114 (Post No. 8 in this thread) for additional information regarding this topic.
I hope this response was helpful in addressing the questions you raised. If not, please let me know!
Thanks again.
May29-08, 08:24 AM
Sci Advisor
PF Gold
If I put a slit at a position x with a width of [itex]\Delta x[/itex] that is less than the wavelength, I can certainly get a photon to pass through it. Try it some time! And when it does, and I detect it after it passed through the slit, I can say that that photon was at position x with an uncertainty in its position measurement LESS than its wavelength.
The HUP has nothing to do with the uncertainty of a single measurement.
Jun3-08, 09:01 PM
Thank you for your comments on my reply to Patricio.
You said:
You also said,
My conjecture is that a quantas wavelength is the minimum, discrete spatial distance through which that quanta can travel and the corollary is that, for unaccelerated motion, the total length of a quantas trajectory must be an integer multiple of its wavelength. The motivation for introducing this discrete motion interpretation (DMI) of wavelength is twofold:
1. To provide a concrete physical interpretation of the DeBroglie wavelength.
2. To entirely avoid wave particle duality, and provide an answer to a fundamental question regarding DMI: What goes through the slits?
Please refer to my original posting for a more detailed development of these ideas, and bear in mind it was within this context that I replied to Patricio. At no time do I dispute the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics, nor question its results I simply note (as have others) that the formalism alone does not and, by its very nature cannot address the above two points.
That being said, my response to Patricio was based on the following reasoning:
1. The photon wavelength is given by [tex]\lambda = h / p [/tex] with the momentum, p, equal to mc. Rewriting this: [tex]\lambda\cdot p = h[/tex]
2. One form of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is [tex]\Delta x \cdot \Delta p \geq h[/tex] with [tex]\Delta x[/tex] being the position uncertainty along the x axis, in units of distance and [tex]\Delta p[/tex] being the uncertainty in momentum also along the x axis, measured in units of mass times velocity. The minimum value for this is then [tex]\Delta x \cdot \Delta p = h[/tex] .
Side by side then we have:
[tex]\lambda \cdot p = h[/tex] and [tex]\Delta x \cdot \Delta p = h[/tex]
Assuming the discrete motion conjecture is correct, I then make the identification
[tex]\lambda = \Delta x[/tex] , and [tex] mc = \Delta p [/tex]
In other words, if -- and only if the discrete motion conjecture is accepted, a photons position along its trajectory can never be measured to an accuracy smaller than its wavelength.
Lastly, you stated
Again, I thank you for your thoughtful comments, and look forward to your reply.
Jun5-08, 06:57 AM
Sci Advisor
PF Gold
So you still think that this statement of yours is valid?
Jun14-08, 09:10 PM
Looks like I'm going to have to rethink my use of the HUP regarding the trajectory start point uncertainty in my original posting, and response to Patricio.
Meanwhile, I'd be very interested in your thoughts on the DSI experiment, especially regarding the physical interpretation of the quanta's DeBroglie wavelength, and the question: What goes through the slits?
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