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News: Jim Jones Still Holds Jay-Z Grudge, "I Just Don't Like His Old A**" [Video]
Thursday, Mar 19, 2009 12:15PM
Jim Jones gave fans an update on his relationship with hip-hop mogul Jay-Z and explained why he doesn't have any "hate" for his rival.
The Byrd Gang leader recently spoke with radio personality Jenny Boom Boom about his stance on controversy.
"We living a very thin line between love and hate when you out here," Jones said. "And us being rappers and musicians, it's not easy for us all the time. But for the most part, it's love and we appreciate everybody that shows love...I don't hate anybody. My grandma said if you hate somebody, you gotta kill 'em. I don't hate him, I just don't like his old a**. I'm about to put this one on Twitter. I'ma Twitter this up." (Jenny Boom Boom)
Jones is known for going head-to-head with Jay-Z who responded to the rapper's "We Fly High" record in 2006 with his own diss track, "Brooklyn High."
"He said Jim Jones' name a couple weeks ago on HOT 97, that was his first mistake, nobody ever thought he'd do that," Jones said in a previous interview during the time. "If I'm supposedly not on his level, when he's supposed to be this rich dude and such this gangsta. [laughs] That was his first mistake. And then he bit the bullet and did the remix to "We Fly High," which I appreciate. He did two verses, and that registers as BDS, 'cause it's over two minutes." (Bossip)
Jones is known for not holding his tongue in situations including an alleged shooting at his Detroit concert earlier this week and a separate hotel incident last week.
In Atlanta Jim Jones and Chubby Baby were harassed in their hotel rooms due to their large entourage. They decide to leave and outside the hotel handle some annoying security and staff. "Yeah, we know you a h*mo," Jones is seen saying in a video. "You a f*ggot too, came out here like you were gonna do something. Hyatt security, that's your badge? You a dweeb...I ain't giving you sh*t, now just say I robbed you, b*tch. You crazy. And we're gonna YouTube your a**, we're gonna make you famous in the morning, d**khead." (Raw Report)
He has expressed his feelings on former associates Cam'ron and Max B on the song "Frienemies."
"My best partner, grew up to be monsters," Jones raps, "And what happened, the sneaky hatin'/ N*ggas in your ear and the plan deviated/ Snakes in the grass just waitin' for the moment/ N*ggas on your team and they really your opponent...now I'm feeling for the guns every time that I hug him/ I hate him up close but from a distance I can love him...Someone got killed, conspiracy/ And even still, I bailed you outta jail/ Without me you'd be facing an appeal/ But who knew this, you'd be a Judist/ And in the process, flew you 'round the world/ Put diamonds on your neck like you was my lil' girl." (World Star Hip Hop)
Check out Jim Jones interview with Jenny Boom Boom below:
[For more on your favorite rappers from the Big Apple peep SOHH NYC]


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Kyron Davis, Nike SB team rider for Spiel Magazine.
Thanks to Kyron, Dominique and Paul for this one!
A few weeks ago, I covered Nike's Winner Stays On Tournament for JD Sports and RWD Magazine, which took place in North, South, East and West London.
I also took some portraits of SGT Pokes, Meridian Dan and Footsie, who came down to commentate on the games.
Lots of fast paced 5-a-side Football, with heaps of gorgeous sunlight!
Big thanks to Tego, Jenny, Dacre, Felix, Greg, Ben, Bean & Nanna!
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subset: commoncrawl


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"Footprints of the Swamp," the 90th year of UF Homecoming, was composed of nine events in anticipation of the Nov. 9 Homecoming game vs. Vanderbilt.
Still reigning as the largest student-run pep rally in the nation, Gator Growl 2013 featured The Fray, Sister Hazel and New Directions Veterans Choir.
Follow @myfoxorlando


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ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) - New York's Department of Environmental Conservation is tracking the spread of a deadly viral disease in deer that's spread by tiny biting flies called midges.
The agency is asking people to report sightings of sick or dead deer to help identify outbreaks.
The viral disease is called Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease, or EHD. Symptoms in deer include fever, bruises in the mouth and nose, and swelling of the head, neck, tongue and lips. An infected deer may appear lame or dehydrated.
Historically EHD has been common in the southeastern U.S., but it has been increasing in the north.
In New York, the first cases were confirmed in 2007 in Albany, Rensselaer and Niagara counties, affecting several dozen deer. An outbreak in Rockland County in 2011 killed about 100 deer.
Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
KTTV FOX 111999 S. Bundy Dr.Los Angeles CA 90025Main: (310) 584-2000News Tips? (310) 584-2025


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Off-Campus Housing Advice
Neighborhoods to live in
Financial aid
Neighborhoods to live in
This is one long funky stretch of a neighborhood centered on Hawthorne Boulevard, three or four miles from campus. The distance, however, is easily surmountable by the cyclist or the bus commuter (#75 runs frequently up and down 39th, and #14 runs up and down Hawthorne into downtown Portland). Perhaps the best thing about living in the Hawthorne district is that it feels really far away from school, but in fact isn't. Just far enough to give you the impression that you've left your hassles in the parking lot at Reed, but close enough to get back to them quickly. Hawthorne has been found by many Reedies to be an ideal neighborhood.
Many Reed students choose to live in this area, due to its proximity to many nifty shops, restaurants, coffee houses, and grocery stores. In addition to the amenities, facilities and familiar faces this area has to offer, Hawthorne Boulevard runs east into Mount Tabor, one of Portland's many wooded and scenic parks. Mount Tabor is an excellent place to run, bike, walk your dogs, or just take a nice leisurely stroll. The view of the city from the top of the hill is one of the nicest in Portland. Though there are several apartment complexes in the area, Reed houses abound near Hawthorne as well.
Finding a place
Download this pdf to get some answers to common questions, such as where to look, questions to ask, advice on packing, pets, and budgeting. There's also reference information for emergencies, legal assistance, and laws on alcohol, drugs, and quiet hours. Information on setting up utilities, dealing with your landlord, and getting your housing deposit back can also be found here.
Places to look
- Reed online housing board
- Apartment Locator Services
Think about contacting an apartment locator service after you arrive or just before. These services handle rentals of all sizes and locations.
Vacancies Unlimited: 503-232-9070
Rental Relocation Apartment Finders: 800-858-6277, 503-590-5550
Contact property management companies in Portland like www.mainlander.com, www.inter-west.com, www.capmng.com, or rent.apmportland.com to see what they have available. Other websites that may help you in your housing search are:
Friend networks and Reed House connections are also very important. Word of mouth is as strong a connection for finding a great place to live as it is in many other endeavors.
Also keep in mind that if you like a place you're going to want to apply immediately. Many places will require a formal or informal application. Make sure to have your information, as well as that of any potential roommates. You may need social security numbers, driver license numbers, telephone numbers, home and school addresses, employer information, references, and so on.
Questions to ask
You'll want to try and get as much information as possible from prospective landlords before agreeing to take the place. This will not only help you determine whether this is the place for you, it will also give you a better sense of your landlord's personality. Some questions you may want to ask:
- How long is the lease? (month to month and 1 year are the most common)
- What are the move-in costs? (deposits, cleaning fees, first month's rent)
- Are the deposits refundable?
- How much is rent and when is it due?
- Does rent include any of the utilities or garbage and recycling, and if not, how much do they usually run? (You can usually call the utility companies to find out the average utility costs if the landlord doesn't know.)
- What is their policy on pets? (if you're planning on bringing one or getting one)
- Are you responsible for keeping up the yard? (if you have one)
- Are there fines for late payments?
- Is there a washer and dryer, dishwasher, or microwave?
- How do they feel about you hiring outside contractors or repair people without asking them, for instance, if the plumbing gets clogged on a weekend and you're having difficulty getting in touch with them or you call someone and then they refuse to reimburse you. It is important to be clear on their expectations about repairs, if they have established or contracted service people.
Things to consider
- If you receive financial aid, how will your aid be affected? (See section on financial aid)
- Real cost. This includes monthly rent, water bills, electric and gas, garbage and phone, and any security deposits that may be required by the landlord. Money concerns between potential roommates, even between the best of friends, should be discussed openly before any commitment is made. At some point you're going to need to decide whose name, and in turn whose social security number, will go on utility bills because that will be the person who is stuck with the debt or bad credit if people do not pay them or the company.
- Depending on the number and value of your possessions, you may also want to consider purchasing renter's insurance.
- Another thing to consider is how much you will spend on gas or bus passes depending on where you work and play. How close are you going to be to the places you spend most of your time?
- How far are you from Reed? It may look like a wonderful four mile bike ride in August, but what about on a rainy 35-degree day in February? Note the range of the Night Bus, TriMet schedules, and bicycle routes.
- Keep in mind you're probably still going to want to eat! Grocery money is important.
- Finally, if you're not going to rent a place by yourself, give some serious thought to the people you're going to live with. Are they quiet? Do they like to party? Will their quietness or party tendencies work with your personality?
Oregon Tenant RightsRenters should also be informed of their rights. Learn more about Oregon Tenant Rights before signing a lease or entering into a new rental situation.
Moving with a pet can be difficult. Not only can the change of living environment be stressful on your pet, but sometimes even finding a place that will allow pets can be difficult. However, keep in mind that many landlords are open to the possibility of pets if you can provide some assurance that you will be responsible for any damage they may do (usually this assurance comes in the form of a deposit). Also, many smaller pets (birds, lizards, rats, fish) are okay as long as they are kept in their cages. With larger pets (cats, dogs, alligators) landlords will almost always request a deposit (usually non-refundable) to pay for cleaning and any normal wear and tear that may take place. Be certain to update the tags on your pet, so they can be returned to you if they get lost outside in the new neighborhood.
Before you go
- Give notice at your current place (usually at least 30 days ahead)
- Leave enough time to pack and clean so you can get your deposit back (see Getting your deposit back for more details)
- Call to have your utilities turned off, your new ones turned on, and your final bills forwarded to your new address (usually two weeks in advance)
- Stop by the post office to fill out forwarding forms for your mail
Packing up and moving out
- Moving everything you own can seem a slightly overwhelming task for some. The best way to simplify things would be to give away everything you own and start over, but obviously this doesn't appeal to everyone. So, my suggestion would be to break it down into manageable tasks. Pack one room at a time, but don't forget to leave yourself a few essentials so you don't have to go digging through boxes for the things you need.
- Set aside enough clothes and essentials (soap, toothbrush, pots, silverware) to last until you move into your new place.
- Save yourself the agony of digging through hundreds of boxes for that one particular item you need by labeling as you fill the boxes!
- Most liquor stores and grocery stores would be happy to give you boxes for free, but you have to catch them before they break them down and recycle them. Find out when they receive shipments.
- If you're not traveling very far (i.e. moving across town) you may want to look into renting a U-Haul type truck, especially if there are a few of you moving at one time. You and your roommates can split the cost of renting a U-Haul for the day. They are relatively inexpensive, and are wonderful for moving big things (beds or couches) and lots of little things if you don't have a truck of your own.
If you did decide to give away all your belongings, or you just decide it's time to stop eating off the floor and get a kitchen table and chairs, there are quite a few options for affordable furniture. Portland is home to a plethora of used furniture stores, antique shops, and garage sales. There are also numerous ads in the Oregonian, Craigslist, as well as postings around campus from graduating or moving students. If you'd like some furniture, but aren't viewing it as a long-term relationship, you may even consider renting some of the basics.
A word on bedding:
- Once you've moved a bed you will appreciate the brilliant design of the futon. Futons are light, pack small, and can easily be moved by one person. Not only that, but they can serve as a couch or chair when you're not snoozing in it. Frames can be expensive, but you may be able to make one yourself, or have someone do it for you.
- If you're thinking about purchasing a futon, consider asking the store if they carry "seconds." These are futons that are usually sold at discount due to a slight factory flaw (usually not noticeable to the naked eye).
- Foam core futons last longer than the plain cotton variety, but tend to be more expensive. In futons without a foam core, the cotton sometimes begins to bunch up into uncomfortable lumps.
- Be sure to turn your futon occasionally, and don't place it directly on the floor as it will be more likely to grow fungus.
Financial aid
- One thing to keep in mind is that each student's situation will vary to some degree, as each student has a different financial aid package and this will affect to what extent their financial aid will help cover off-campus living expenses.
- If the student chooses to live off campus, a standard allowance for off-campus room and board is included when we calculate their financial aid package. The off-campus living allowance is determined by surveying students living off campus to determine the average amount that is spent on off-campus living expenses.
- If the student is currently living on campus, and then decides to move off campus, their financial aid is reduced by the difference between on-campus housing (typically $9,000 per year) and off-campus housing (an estimated $5,730 per year).
- The best idea is to schedule a meeting with someone in the financial aid office, so they can evaluate your specific situation and give you a more exact idea of how your package may change. Financial Aid can be reached at (503) 777-7223.
Getting your deposit back
- Under Oregon state law, landlords are required to either return deposits or provide a written explanation as to how all or part of the deposit is being used within 31 days after a tenant has turned in the keys (ORS 90.300[6]).
- The deposit may be used to cover unpaid rent or fees, or may be used to cover damages caused by the tenant that are beyond the normal wear and tear of things.
- Cleaning before moving out is entirely your responsibility. You should try to leave your home in at least the condition it was when you moved in.


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Flags lowered in memory of retired Queen's employee
Flags on campus are lowered and will remain lowered until Thursday, Feb. 24 for retired Queen's employee Bernadene (Dene) Latta.
Following cremation, a gathering will be held to celebrate Ms Latta's life on Wednesday, Feb. 23, from 3-5 pm at the James Reid Funeral Home Reception Centre (1900 John Counter Boulevard at Highway 2). Please enter through the rear doors. In lieu of flowers, donations may be made to the Alzheimer Society or the Kingston Humane Society.


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Identify compound words, contractions, and common abbreviations within context. SPI 0501.1.14
Links verified on 1/16/2012
- Abbreviation Game - (this game only works in Internet Explorer) beginning skills
- Abbreviation Match Game - choose the term that matches the abbreviation
- Abbreviation Rules - [54 slides] Examples are given and then followed by items for your students to try to abbreviate. This would work best as a whole class, paper-and-pencil activity.
- Abbreviations Make it Short - student worksheet, answers not given
- Break It Up! - place the divider between the compound words
- Common Abbreviations in Measurement - [9 slides] abbreviations are given followed by three clues for your students to guess the word abbreviated
- Compound Word Fun - list of compound word activities
- Compound Words - drag words from the bottom to match simple words making compound words
- Compound Words - Look at the red words on this page. Look at the words in the row. Click on a blue word to make a compound word. There may be more than one correct answer
- Compound Words - [designed for grade 4] explanation and examples with illustrations
- Compound Words - explanation from a grammar site
- Compound Words Game - read the clue and then select the two words, which when put together form a compound word [10 sets of 20 words]
- Compound Words Practice - a cut and paste activity - students cut apart a worksheet that you print for them and make compound words
- Compounds Words Quiz - uncover matching cards that make compound words [concentration style activity]
- Compound Words Word List (Categorized) - this list of words at Enchanted Learning is free, but many of the worksheets related to this topic are available to subscribers only
- Compound Words Worksheet - [somewhat elementary] put two smaller words together top make a compound word
- Contractions - Practicing Contractions With Trinh and Tai - Matching | Concentration
- Contractions - type the contraction for each word in the blank provided [This expired link is available through the Wayback Machine Internet Archive. If the page doesn't load quickly click on Impatient? at the bottom right of the page.]
- Contractions and Negatives - read the lesson then take the quiz
- Contractions Crossword Puzzle - Write the two words that make the contraction for each clue.
- Contractions Crossword Puzzle - (printable) Write the two words that make the contraction for each clue.
- Contractions Practice 1 - to Be (Verb) - type the correct contraction for each pair of words
- Contractions Practice 2 - type the correct contraction for each pair of words
- Contractions quiz - match ten word pairs and their contractions [concentration style game]
- Contractions Quizzes from Quia - Matching | Flashcards | Concentration
- Contractions: Redeeming the Time - five weeks of activities
- Exercise in Compound Nouns and Modifiers - Each space in the paragraph on this page is preceded by an "opportunity for error" (in blue bold font) in the formation of compounds. If the compound structure is correct, write a C in the space; if it is incorrect, write an I
- Introduction to Compound Words - index listing more than a dozen interactive practice exercises as well as a dozen paper and pencil activities and
- Line Match - connect the words on the left to the words on the right to make compound nature words
- Make a Compound Word - choose the word that helps make a compound word
- Snowman Builder - [designed for grade 4] compound word building activity
- Spelling Compound Words With or Without Hyphens - The author of this page spent time looking up the commonly used compounds and checking the recommended spellings. He freely gives permission for you to print the page for reference
- State Abbreviations - from 50 states.com
- Text Messaging and Online Chat Abbreviations - long list of abbreviations [49 pages if printed]
- Type the contraction - type contraction form of words
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DescriptionMusical Note stress reliever. Product not intended for use by children under 3 years of age or pets. Product Material: Polyurethane. Packaging: Individually Poly-bagged.
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Chapter History
The Habitat for Humanity at the University of Michigan (HFHUM) was founded in the fall of 1996 by then first-year graduate student, Michael A. Carr, and sophomore, Eric J. Allenspach.
Habitat for Humanity at the University of Michigan was founded as an official chapter of Habitat for Humanity International in 1996. At that time, there were only a handful of active members and a few activities. In 1999, our first student-built house was finally made possible, with the help of grants totaling $40,000 from Johnson & Johnson and Best Buy Co.
For the past fifthteen years, the University of Michigan campus chapter has co-sponsored a house with other Ann Arbor organizations, but the University of Michigan sources remains the largest contributors. Throughout the year, we build with our Huron Valley affiliate and offer many opportunities for UM students to volunteer. We have helped over 300 student volunteers build on Habitat houses each year. Led by a Core of 15 students, our general active membership consists of about 40 students who have helped in committees, taking part in fundraisers, attending awareness events, and build days.
HFHUM has maintained three well-defined goals in which our efforts and activities are centered around. First, we coordinate volunteer labor for renovation of Habitat houses. This labor may include students, faculty, and staff from the University of Michigan, as well as Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti residents. Secondly, we raise funds for new Habitat for Humanity construction projects through various campus and community events, namely our annual Hab It Your Way Variety Show. Lastly, we educate the campus and community about homelessness and substandard housing issues.
Besides building, student members also volunteer on Sundays cooking and serving at the Delonis Center. Yearly events include a Beat OSU 5K Fun Run, Skate Night, Hab It Your Way Variety Show, restaurant nights, and bar nights. HFHUM also participates in campus-wide based activities such as Relay for Life and Community Service Coalition.
We are currently planning our seventeenth Collegiate Challenge, which is a week long spring break work trip to another part of the country, where we work alongside members of the local Habitat for Humanity affiliate on their building projects. Past destinations included cities in Colorado, Florida, Georgia, North and South Carolina, Louisiana, and Mississippi.
Some accomplishments include participation in the 2003 Detroit Blitz Build, Habitat for Humanity International Best Practice Chapter Status in 2002 and 2003, and local fundraising in excess of $24,000 during the 2002-2003 year to contribute toward the Michigan House and helped offset our organizational expenses. During the 2005 Jimmy Carter Work Project, HFHUM was able to co-sponsor a house by raising in excess of $10,000 with the MBA program in addition to our annual fundraising needs. Volunteers from U of M participated during the incredible week and many more were able to help Habitat Detroit for the Blitz Build during the winter months. In 2013, we successfully attained the Ginsberg Student Initiative Grant from the Ginsberg Center to assist in our work with community partners.


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The BKc, Sign Maker: Hand painted Sign making is somewhat of a lost art, but there are several young artists or companies that are doing their best not only to keep it alive but to bring it to the next phase of sign design. Gabe the Great and The Bearded Man always say if they were not in the garment industry, they would operate a small sign shop in California meeting small shop owners who have a special love and respect for hand made signs. Work featured are from the New Bohemia sign makers (BKc SF sign) and Mitch of okmitch.com (BKc NYc sign). Stay tuned for a complete story and history on hand made signs on the BKc 2.0-11 site. The BKc Style + Character & The 100 Year Plan . . .
The BKc, Challengers Welcomed . . .
The BKc, Challengers Welcomed: Being competitive is in our nature– it helps us push ourselves to be better. If you've stopped by The Brooklyn Circus NYc lately you may have noticed our new piece of furniture, the Kettler regulation sized ping pong table. So to all our readers who may be closet table tennis pros or table tennis joes, you are welcome to come on down and challenge your BKc team member of choice. The BKc Style + Character & The 100 Year Plan . . .
The BKc, Shoe Library: Vane for Sebago…
The BKc, Shoe Library: Vane for Sebago…Sebago continues to redefine their impact on the world of footwear by focusing on handmade quality while consistently refreshing their image and appeal by collaborating with individuals and companies across the vast swaths of the fashion industry. With their recent success working with leather goods maker Billykirk, and the acclaim of their rugged 1946 Ltd. Collection, Sebago has once gain teamed up with clothing and lifestyle brand Vane to produce another limited collection of timeless footwear.
The BKc Shoe Library is proud to offer both boot styles designed by Vane for Sebago, as well as our current stock of Sebagos by Billykirk, and the Sebago 1946 Ltd. Collection. Both styles are now available at The Brooklyn Circus SF Shoe Library 1521 Fillmore St. || San Francisco || (415)359-1999, and here on our online shop. The BKc Style + Character and The Hundred year Plan…
The BKc, Introduces Peter Cole . . .
The BKc, Introduces Peter Cole, a jewelry designer working out of the Greenpoint section of Brooklyn. We met Peter at the Brooklyn flea and was attracted to his ability to revive an array of found trinkets, and turn them into interesting wearable jewelry. After a few conversations at the flea he invited us to check out his studio, we jumped at the opportunity and of course we wanted to bring you guys in on the fun, so Colin The Circus Trainer brought the camera along. Peter's studio didn't disappoint, The Bearded Man was sure to put aside a few pieces for himself as well as some for The BKc NYc. We will be working with Peter more in the near future, so you keep an eye out for some custom BKc pieces this spring. The BKc Style & Character and The 100 Year Plan . . .


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Earlier today, we reported that expected UFC on Fuel TV 9 headliner Alexander Gustafsson had suffered a cut in training. While the details of how the injury occurred are unclear, his camp did confirm the injury. Additionally, three doctors from the SMMAF said that the cut was bad enough to warrant a few week's healing time before Alex would be ready to fight, so it seemed likely that his bout with Gegard Mousasi would be cancelled.
However, it seems UFC president Dana White remains optimistic:
Hold up! @danawhite just told me @alexthemauler vs. @mousasi_mma is STILL ON. "The SAC has not said he can't fight + he wants to fight."— Ariel Helwani (@arielhelwani) April 1, 2013
Hopefully, White's is correct and the highly anticipated bout goes on as planned. Leading up to the event planned for this Saturday, April 6, Dana has said that Alex could earn a title shot with a win over Mousasi. Gustafsson being removed from the main event would obviously throw a big wrench into the UFC's plans for the Light Heavyweight division.


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This week is filled with library events, open gyms and more.
Below is the combination of our weekly pick of weekend activities, offering both fun weekend activities and great family-friendly fun at the same time.
Here are this week's picks:
'Nature Through a Child's Eye' Art Show
When/Where: Art pieces interpreting what nature means to more than 500 children from throughout Somerset County will remain on exhibit through Jan. 27 at the Somerset County Environmental Education Center at 190 Lord Stirling Road in Basking Ridge.
Why Go: See how children view the world of nature, including elementary and middle school students from the Somerset Hills School district, Bernards Township and Bridgewater.
Cost: Free
Exercise at your Library: Zumba Fitness
When/Where: Friday at 10:30 a.m. at the Bridgewater Township Library on Vogt Drive.
Why Go: Marleen Corner is a licensed instructor in Zumba, and will be teaching a class at the library. Registration is required.
Cost: Free.
Youth Open Gym
When/Where: Friday at 6:30 p.m. at Bradley Gardens Primary School on Pine Street in Bridgewater.
Why Go: Students in grades seven through 12 are invited to attend the open gym to play basketball and other games, while also feasting on pizza and soda.
Cost: Free.
The Brementown Musicians
When/Where: Saturday at 10:15 a.m. at the Bernardsville Public Library, 1 Anderson Hill Road in Bernardsville.
Why Go: Come see an entertaining program of the Brementown Musicians as performed by the Basking Ridge-based Trilogy Repertory Co. Note: The performance will also be given at the Bernards Township Library in Basking Ridge at 10:30 a.m., 1 p.m. or 2:30 p.m. on Saturday, Jan. 26.
Cost: Free, but pick up tickets beforehand at either library.
Dog Adoption Event at Raritan PetCo
When/Where: Saturday and Sunday at 11 a.m. at the Raritan PetCo on the Somerville Circle.
Why Go: Because so many dogs are looking for their permanent families, and there will also be lots of merchandise available through the People for Animals event.
Cost: Free.
Youth Open Gym
When/Where: Sunday at 2:30 p.m. at Adamsville Primary School on Union Avenue in Bridgewater.
Why Go: Students in grades seven through 12 are invited to attend the open gym to play basketball and other games, while also feasting on pizza and soda.
Cost: Free.
Acclaimed Young Vocalists in Recital
When/Where: Sunday at 4 p.m. at the Church of St. John in Bernardsville.
Why Go: Through Music in the Somerset Hills, soloists will be performing arias and art songs, with performers including Dashon Burton, winner of the 2012 NY Oratorio Society Competition, and Laquita Mitchel, a MET Opera National Council Auditions Grand Prize Winner.
Cost: $20.


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The 1920 silent horror film, with a new score composed, arranged and programmed by Isaac M. Baranoff. It is the annual fair in Holstenwall. Francis and his friend Alan visit The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, an exhibit where the mysterious doctor shows the somnambulist Cesare, and awakens him for some moments from his death-like sleep. When Alan asks Cesare about his future, Cesare answers that he will die before dawn. "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari" is one of the most influential films of the German Expressionist movement and is often considered to be one of the greatest horror movies of the silent era in film.
Original programming and content from Horndog Studios. http://horndogs1.blogspot.com/


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A golfer may have a gross score of 92 (gross score being the actual number of strokes played), but with a course handicap of 9. So 92 minus 9 equals the net score, in this case 83.
On an individual hole, the player may have played six strokes, but be allowed one handicap stroke via his course handicap. The gross score on that hole is six, the net score is five.
Net score is obviously a term used in relation to handicaps. If you do not carry a handicap index, then you need not worry about net score.
How to mark the scorecard when using net score
Return to Golf Glossary index
"I had a gross 5, net 4 on No. 16."


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The N. Highland Avenue building that houses is up for sale.
The recently renovated 2,500-square-foot building at 664 N. Highland Avenue is on the market for $1.25 million, Eater Atlanta first reported.
HD1, which is owned by celebrity chef Richard Blais, will remain open during the sale and is not in jeopardy of closing.
The popular hot dog joint opened last year in the space formerly occupied by .
Connect with Virginia-Highland Patch on Facebook and Twitter at @VaHiPatch. Get Patch in your inbox.


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Narrow your search
Ralph de la Vega will now oversee the integration of the mobile and enterprise units, while Glenn Lurie will head the consumer mobile business.
In the final installment of this series, you'll get your show on iTunes and make sure everyone can find your podcast.
A promotion for a test program that would unlock certain Xbox One titles for 24 hours was based on an error, according to Microsoft.
Uber is facing a backlash over its "free ice cream" promotion after Australian customers complained of being repeatedly hit with hidden fees.
Buy a Mac, iPhone, or iPad and you'll score a gift card good toward any item at Apple -- if you qualify for education pricing.
Google's executive chairman leads group of open Internet advocates to Havana, an independent Cuban news site reports.
You won't want to dawdle. The sale cuts the price of Xbox One accessories and games but is good only Friday and Saturday.
Google has launched a beta for a new preview grid view in the Promotions tab of Gmail.
The social network goes after more ad sales with a unit meant to be effective for marketers and ideally enjoyable for users.
FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler says that new rules he is proposing for the upcoming TV broadcast spectrum auction will set aside a sliver of licenses for smaller wireless operators in an effort to promote competition.


text:
The Virginia Society of Certified Public Accountants (VSCPA) recently announced the winners of its 2012 Award of Achievement for academic excellence in accounting studies. The VSCPA annually recognizes top graduating accounting seniors from Virginia high schools, community colleges and four-year universities. The students are selected by accounting faculty at their respective schools. Only one award is issued per school each year, making it a significant honor to be the single student selected for recognition amongst peers. Henrico award winners include: Kianna Jones, Douglas S. Freeman High School; Bi Ou, Hermitage High School; Henry Finn, Mills E. Godwin High School; and Jasmine Hough, Varina High School.
Marine Corps Pfc. Jason T. Whitley, son of Wanda L. Childress, of North Carolina, and Timothy L. Whitley, of Sandston, recently completed 12 weeks of basic training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot in Parris Island, S.C. McDonough and fellow recruits endured rigorous physical training as well as numerous hours in classroom and field assignments, which included learning first aid, uniform regulations, combat water survival, marksmanship, hand-to-hand combat and assorted weapons training. McDonough ended the training phase with The Crucible, a 54-hour team evolution culminating in an emotional ceremony in which recruits are presented the Marine Corps Emblem and addressed as "Marines" for the first time.
Twenty-six Virginians, including three from Glen Allen, will be among 988 delegates from around the world attending The United Methodist Church's General Conference starting today. General Conference, the church's top lawmaking body and the only group that can officially speak for the denomination, meets every four years. Delegates will consider approximately 1,600 pieces of proposed legislation during the conference dealing with reorganization of church structure, revisions to church law, plans and budgets for church-wide programs and resolutions on current moral, social, public policy and economic issues. Clergy and laity representing Glen Allen include: The Rev. Marc Brown, Virginia Conference director of Connectional Ministries; Jim Branscome; and Martha Stokes, Virginia Conference director of Inclusivity and Lay Leadership Excellence.
Students from the following groups recently performed at Walt Disney World in Florida as part of the Disney Performing Arts Program: Deep Run High School's Vocal Music Department and Glen Allen High School's "Marching Jaguars" and Concert Choir. Dance groups, choirs, ensembles and marching bands from around the world apply to perform each year at both the Disneyland and Walt Disney World Resorts. Once selected, they are given the opportunity to perform at the resort for an international audience of theme park guests. For more information on the program, visit http://www.disneyperformingarts.com
RichTech, Richmond Technology Council, recently announced the 2012 Technology Stars Award Finalists. Every year RichTech recognizes and celebrates the best and brightest technology stars in seven award categories. The Technology Builder Award is given to the local technology company delivering technology solutions and/or services to external clients that build capacity and increase operational efficiency. Henrico recipients are: Whitlock, of Henrico, and Allegro Consultants and Create Digital, of Glen Allen. The Educator Award is given to the educator or school program that provides exceptional technology leadership and encourages students to pursue higher education or training in science, technology, engineering and math. Henrico recipients are Lynne M. Norris, of Deep Run High School, and Tom Woodward, of Henrico County Public Schools.
The Virginia/Washington, D.C. affiliate of the National Center for Women and Information Technology recently held its first Award for Aspirations in Computing ceremony. The regional organization, formed by George Mason University, Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, honored two high school teachers and 10 high school students with awards for their efforts to, respectively, teach and learn computer science. Henrico recipients include: Teacher Lynn M. Norris, of Deep Run High School; and students Taylor O'Brien, of Godwin High School; and Kristina Pham, Shelby Evans and Jordan Newton, of Deep Run High School.
Rotary donates to 'Bright Beginnings'
The Sandston Rotary Club recently donated $1,000 to the Sandston YMCA for its Bright Beginnings program, which helps provide children in need with school supplies for the new school year. > Read more.
Author, child abuse survivor to speak at Henrico event
To help celebrate twenty years of service to advocating for abused and neglected children in Henrico County, Henrico Court Appointed Special Advocates, Inc. (CASA) will host an evening with bestselling author K.L. Randis on Tuesday, Aug. 26, from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. at Belmont Recreation Center in Lakeside.
Randis is best known for her bestselling novel, Spilled Milk, which tells her painful – but ultimately triumphant – personal story of abuse and of child abuse prevention. The book is her first novel.
Philippines ambassador to the US visits Filipino Festival in Henrico
The Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States Jose L. Cuisia, Jr. attended the Ninth Annual Filipino Festival at Our Lady of Lourdes Church earlier this month. Cuisia (pictured above with festival performers) was welcomed by County Manager John Vithoulkas and Brookland District Supervisor Dick Glover (below) at the church, which is located in Lakeside.
While enjoying some of the cultural performances at the festival, the ambassador and his wife had a private lunch with Vithoulkas, Glover, Eldon Burton (an outreach representative from U.S. Senator Mark R. Warner's Office) and Father James Begley, the pastor of OLL. > Read more.
Page 1 of 115 pages 1 2 3 > Last ›
Weekend Top 10
For our Top 10 calendar events this weekend, click here! > Read more.
Bottoms up
Short Pump brewery offers more than just beer
I am still (happily) thinking about my entire experience at Rock Bottom Restaurant and Brewery last week. Knowing nothing about this new brewery out of Denver, I was leery of brew-pub in the heart of Short Pump Town Center – this is not what I'd usually think of as a perfect fit, and yet, it was.
The restaurant and craft brewery opened in early June and features 10 beers made by female brewmaster Becky Hammond (pictured). This is the restaurant's second location in Virginia; the first is in Arlington. Behind glass walls, customers watched the beer brewing in massive steel barrels. For our up-and-coming beer region, it makes sense that Short Pump would jump on board.
As I walked up to the back of the mall near the comedy club, I was taken aback by what I saw: at the top of the stairs was an overflowing restaurant with outdoor seating, large umbrellas and dangling outdoor lights. > Read more.
Cultural Arts Center announces 2014 fall class schedule
The Cultural Arts Center at Glen Allen is now registering participants for its fall 2014 schedule of classes.
The center will offer more than 100 classes for children and adults, covering topicssuch as culinary arts, fiber arts, visual and performance arts and more. Instruction is structured to appeal to a wide range of abilities, from beginners to experts of all ages. Class sizes are kept small to ensure maximum benefit for participants with generally no more than 15 students. > Read more.
Traffic patterns to change near RIR for races
Into the fire
Glen Allen storms to 4-0 record in World Series pool play
Redskins running back visits children in Henrico therapy center
Bon Secours sponsors 'iCan' bike camp
- More News
Print Edition
Aug. 21, 2014Click here to read the print edition.
Weekend Top 10
Bottoms up
Cultural Arts Center announces 2014 fall class schedule
Restaurant watch
Cultural Arts Center seeks artists, designs for holiday displays
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Obituary – Joella Wolfe Moreland
Obituary – Virginia E. Pierce
Obituary – Jean J. Remington
- More Obituaries
Rotary donates to 'Bright Beginnings'
Author, child abuse survivor to speak at Henrico event
Philippines ambassador to the US visits Filipino Festival in Henrico
- More Community
The death of a journalist
Henrico supervisors erred in reviving public prayer
Letters to the Editor – Aug. 14, 2014
- More Opinions
Babe Ruth 13U World Series arrives in Glen Allen
RIR September race tickets go on sale May 23
Arena Racing USA seeking donations to 'Tickets for Troops'
- More Sports
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CalendarRichmond Entrepreneur's Assistance Program (REAP), a nonprofit that gives job training to individuals with disabilities, has partnered with Field of Dreams Farm. Fresh produce will be boxed and sold at… Full text


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According to seasonally adjusted data from the Illinois Department of Employment Security, the state's unemployment rate dropped for the fourth month in a row, reaching 8.6 percent in December.
The rate is the lowest since December 2012, which was also 8.6 percent. Prior to that, the state hadn't reached a rate of 8.6 or below since February 2009.
December saw a drop in the total number of unemployed individuals of 2,000, bringing that number to 565,300.
The rate identifies those who are out of work and actively seeking employment, regardless of whether people are still eligible for benefits.
Nationally, the unemployment rate for December was 6.7 percent.
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[UPDATED] This Weekend: Four, Yes, Count 'Em, Four Community Concerts and Theater Productions
There are a number of community- and high school-based theater and musical productions happening right now, THIS WEEKEND. I meant to write about this earlier. Another news event of some importance ended up getting in the way.
"The Merchant Of Venice" – presented by the Fort Hamilton High School Performing Arts and English Department. Show dates are: tonight at 7pm, tomorrow (Nov 10) at 2pm and 7pm. At Fort Hamilton High School.
"Crazy For You" – presented by Narrows Community Theater. Show dates are: tonight at 8pm, tomorrow (Nov 10) at 8pm, Sunday (Nov 11) at 2pm, Nov 16 at 8pm, Nov 17 at 8pm, and Nov 18 at 2pm. At St. Patrick's auditorium. $20 for adults, $15 for seniors, students, and under-21.
"The Last Night of Ballyhoo" – presented by the Ridge Repertory Company. Show dates are tomorrow (Nov 10) at 8pm, Sunday (Nov 11) at 5pm, Dec 1 at 8pm, and Dec 2 at 5pm. At the Bay Ridge Jewish Center. $15. This is delayed by one week. That is what I get for writing a story before checking my e-mail.
"Coming Home!" – presented by the Rhapsody Players. Show date is tomorrow (Nov 10) at 8pm. At St. John's auditorium. $20.
"Seasons of Love" – a benefit concert presented by BrooklynOne. Show date is Sunday (Nov 11) at 7pm. At St. John's auditorium (499 99th Street.) $20.


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Ramirez de Arellano
(edited by Guy Stair Sainty)
As an habitué of the Caltrap's
Corner and Guest book I have been interested in the discussions provoked by
the article of Mr. Kinnane "The Emperor of Palm Beach". Unfortunately the debate has degenerated in to mere personal attacks, without serious
consideration of the most important aspect of the question: the documents that
Mr. de Vigo Paleologo and Doctor Gauci cite in their replies at www.paleologo.com
and www.justicier.com
and, recently, at http://utenti.tripod.it/HERE/
which is Mr. de Vigo's official homepage.
As an habitué of the Caltrap's
Corner and Guest book I have been interested in the discussions provoked by
the article of Mr. Kinnane "The Emperor of Palm Beach". Unfortunately the debate has degenerated in to mere personal attacks, without serious
consideration of the most important aspect of the question: the documents that
Mr. de Vigo Paleologo and Doctor Gauci cite in their replies at www.paleologo.com
and www.justicier.com
and, recently, at http://utenti.tripod.it/HERE/
which is Mr. de Vigo's official homepage.
I have tried to suggest refraining from polemics and instead studying the matter
from an impartial viewpoint but, unfortunately, Mr. de Vigo himself seems to
prefer to defame his detractors without considering that this will do nothing to
end the dispute. I perfectly understand, however, that someone in his position, continuously
attacked as he is, would change from being a "great philanthropist"
into an embittered avenger. In any case I thank him for his reply and,
considering how much luckier I have been than some others I have decided to
write this article, whose purpose is to open a new and more direct perspective
on this dispute.
The great limitation I am under is that like all the critics, I have not
the opportunity to see the complete and original documents cited by Mr. de Vigo
and Doctor Gauci: the problem is caused by the limitations of the internet and
of course we cannot demand that Mr. de Vigo send a copy of his personal dossier
to everyone who asks for it. So a part of the present reflections is limited to
what Mr. de Vigo and Doctor Gauci report on their personal sites, even if the
real documents can present differences due, for example, to an error in
In the following pages I refer to the claimant simply as "Mr. de
Vigo" just because it is shorter to write, his legal surname is not the main
matter of those reflections. Mr. Kinnane says that his legal name is "Vigo" toutcourt.
Even if this were true, this can not be adduced in my opinion as a proof of
anything: there are in fact many ancient and noble families who have not legally
added all their surnames, their "predicati" or the "particule de".
But it is a matter of fact that Mr. de Vigo and his ancestors are variously identified as "de Vigo", "Paleologo", "de Vigo Paleologo" and similar such names. As suggested by Mr. de Vigo I have tried to find more information on the book "THE PALEOLOGUS FAMILY, a Genealogical review", by Charles Gauci and Peter Mallat, but I could not find it anywhere. Luckily I have found on Mr. Charles de Brancheforte Said Vassallo's web page some information on the Paleologus family, including the complete pedigree of Mr. de Vigo, as traced in Doctor Gauci's work (the file reference shows Doctor Gauci to be the author).
The genealogical tree has puzzled me. I have checked both tables but I could not understand from where the surname (de) Vigo comes from: according to the pedigree Mr. de Vigo's ancestor Nicola Vigo Aleramico Paleologo (1735-1805) married Caterina Paleologo in 1760, but the mentioned Nicola in table two is indicated as "Paleologo". The only Vigo in table two is Anna de Vigo "dei Marchesi di Gallidoro" (that Vigo -without de- family obtained the fief of Gallidoro only in 1678, successively elevated to a barony, not to a Marquessate). Why did Nicola Paleologo add his ancestor's surname?
Mr. Riccardo Bonsi in his True
story of the Imperial and Royal House de Vigo Aleramico Paleologo of Constantinople
published on Mr. de Vigo's own homepage pretends that in 71 B.C. a member of
this family descending from the Roman Emperor Nero had important properties in
the city of Viterbo (in Latin "Vetus Verbum"), and that his descendants,
when they moved to the eastern part of the empire, assumed the name of that city
traduced in Greek: Paleo-Logo! I really would be curious to know which documents
the author examined to establish a pedigree up to the first century after
Christ. The greatest European noble houses can seldom prove their genealogies
further back than the 8th century!
Andronico II, ancestor in the 4th degree of Emmanuel II, had married firstly
Anna, daughter of Stephan V King of Hungary; and secondly Jolanda, elder sister and
heiress of Giovanni Aleramico, Marquis of Monferrato (died 1305), who became
Empress under the name of Irene.[1] Their second son Teodoro went
to Italy and assumed the
throne of Monferrato in 1306, with which he was invested in 1310 by the Holy Roman
Emperor Henri VII (of Luxembourg). This branch of the Paleologus family gave
twelve other Marquesses to Monferrato, the last of those was Giovan Giorgio,
later coadjutor Bishop of Casale,[2] who abandoned Holy Orders to marry Giulia of Aragon, daughter
of King Frederick of Naples, but had no issue by her (they married by proxy and
she arrived at Casale only after her husband's death). Monferrato then passed
to Federico Gonzaga, husband of Margherita, nephew and heir of Giovan Giorgio,
who was invested by the Emperor Charles V with the Marquessate of Monferrato in
which was then annexed to Mantova, both being elevated some time later into a
Duchy (14 Jan 1574).
The Duchies of Mantova and Monferrato were later inherited in 1627 by the
Gonzaga Dukes of Nevers who, during the wars between France and the Holy Roman
Empire for the Spanish succession, lost their lands. The two duchies were
occupied in 1706, then divided in
1707: Monferrato was annexed to Piedmont in 1707, and this annexation finalized
in the Treaty arrangements of 1713, while Mantova was given to the Habsburg ruled
Kingdom of Lombardy. For this reason the Head of the Royal House of Savoy also
used the title of Duke of Monferrato (the title was used a subsidiary title of
the House of Savoy, being granted for the last time to Prince Oddone, son of
Victor Emmanuel II, who died in 1866 without heirs). (see Gonzaga, at www.chivalricorders.org/royalty/gotha/gonzaga.htm
The aforementioned Mr. Bonsi claims that the successions of the Gonzaga
and the Savoy are invalid, alleging that an ancestor of Mr. de Vigo,
Giovan Battista Vigo (who in table 2 of
the genealogy is indicated as Paleologo), had married in 1487 Maria Elena,
purported daughter of Marquis Guglielmo, brother of the reigning Marquis
Bonifacio. Guglielmo, however, had only four children and no daughter named
Maria Elena is recorded, see [3]: according to Bonsi a
nuptial pact was made assuring to Giovan Battista's descendants the right of
succession to the crown in case of extinction of the male line.
There is a small problem, however. The illustrious historian Antonio
Chiusole, Noble of the Holy Roman Empire, in his book about the Genealogy
of the most illustrious Houses of the World, clearly indicates in his table
277 that the mentioned Guglielmo had no descendants from his four children. The genealogy published by
Mr. Said Vassallo, however, contradicting that of Mr Bonsi, indicates that Maria Elena was the daughter of
Bonifacio I (who had died circa 1060!) and was born in 1483: even if the laws of
the time had permitted him to marry a girl of only 4 years old there is no
evidence available to support this claim, and none that they had issue.[4] It is
also useful to remember that Monferrato was a feudal state of the Roman Holy
Empire, and that the Houses of Gonzaga and Savoy were legitimately
invested by the Roman Emperors.
But if we consider, like the author of the paper does, that only nuptial
contracts are valid, it remains that Jolanda (II) (known as Violante) daughter of Teodoro I Paleologus,
Marquis of Monferrato, had married Count Aimone III of Savoy, whose descendants also
should have inherited the Marquessate according to the marriage treaty, a treaty
which as a later one must revokes the earlier one. The new Marquis was Giovanni
II Paleologo but the House of Savoy did not renounce its claim and all the
member of this family from that time always used the quarter of pretension to
Monferrato in their coat of arms.
The well know author Musenga, in his historical study about the
Constantinian Order of Saint George, conserved at the Casanatense Biblioteca in
Rome, states that the only descendants of Emmanuel Peter Paleologo (table one),
also known as "Blancus", were the Counts Vincenzo and Pietro-Andrea
Paleologo Bianchi, who died without descendants!
Concluding, I find Mr. de Vigo's pedigree a little bit curious: we do not know from where the surname "de Vigo" originates; nor why Mr. de Vigo has claims over Monferrato; nor is the family relationship with Manuel II Paleologo and his descendants clear, as published it contradicts the known historical record.
The first two documents cited by Mr. de Vigo on his www.paleologo.com site are two decisions of Italian Courts of Justice (1961 and 1964), both concerning the legitimacy of Mr. de Vigo to bestow his knightly orders, according to paragraphs 7 and 8 of the Regulations on Chivalric Orders Act 178/51 (3 March 1951) and its interpretation by the Suprema Corte di Cassazione. It is impossible for a private Italian citizen to award Orders under these provisions of the law, however.
It must be noticed that the Italian Law forbids a state body or employee such as a judge from using and attributing nobiliary titles in official acts of civil state, but while it is strange that in these decisions, as reported by Mr. Bonsi Mr. de Vigo and his father are described as "Prince Henri" and "Prince Cesare", but this proves nothing as there is no civil prohibition regarding their use in other documents such as a sentence of the magistrature. Nonetheless, despite their use, they are deprived of juridical validity.
Of course we can not doubt nor discuss of the formal validity of these
decisions, a validity which is strictly limited to the specific cases. These
decisions do not recognize absolutely and
uncontroversially the validity of Mr. de Vigo's claim, they cannot be compared
with the authorization granted to wear the decorations of an Order of Chivalry
made by Decree of the President of the Republic, at the recommendation of the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Such declarations of civil state are never
absolutely final, since it can always be proved by later evidence that an individual
is not in fact entitled to be styled the son of another - thus these
declarations cannot be regarded as finally and irrevocably binding. The
decisions have been shown to be lacking definitive status
by other more recent ones: in fact Pietro Donato Paleologo di Bisanzio has
obtained by the Tribunale Civile di Salerno, on 19th July 1975 a similar
recognition as the Chief of Name and Arms of the Imperial House of Byzantium. It
should also be pointed out that a sentence of the Tribunale di Milano in 1990
prohibited Mr. de Vigo from using the Paleologo surname, whose right of use
Mr. de Vigo was apparently unable to prove.
One can discuss the formal validity of this kind of recognition: well
known students and experts on these matters have expressed several doubts and
exposed interesting reflections about their historical and nobiliary
legitimacy, reflections that can be summarized as follows. Firstly, while judges are required to know the law, they may be (and
generally are) completely ignorant of genealogical and nobiliary questions and
they seldom ask the advice of independent experts in these subjects (and the
superficiality in attributing to Mr. de Vigo's ancestor the quality of
sovereigns of Monferrato is a clear proof of this). Secondly,
local courts of first instance are not suitable for such matters, since only a
central high authority (such as the now abolished Consulta Araldica of the
Kingdom of Italy) could give proper consideration and the necessary publicity to
enable third parties who may have an interest in the matter to act for their
rights.[5] Thirdly, it's not clear which nobiliary law must be followed to
consider the pretensions of the claimants (for example, would it be in Italy the
laws of the Kingdom promulgated before 1922 as asserted by some students or the
last Royal Decree of 1943 as suggested by others). Probably all these questions
would change if we consider the "Nobiliary Law" of Constantine the Great
that indicates that only the issue of a Byzantine Emperors had after his coronation
( the "porfyrogenites") were eligible for election as Emperor!
We could add a fourth argument against the practice of the Italian
courts. The Italian State (as it appears from the 14th "disposizione
transitoria e finale" of the Republican Constitution which states that
"Nobility titles are not recognized") has a very limited interest in
determining who is the Head of a formerly reigning House and, when a judge is
called to decide (directly or not) about these matters, he must make the minimum
of inquiries needed to solve the case, he has neither the duty nor the faculty
to do complete and exhaustive historical, genealogical and nobiliary research.
In any case this decision cannot be considered to have a nobiliary character,
but as a decision merely regarding certain claimed rights, firstly because it contradicts Italian law on titles, and second
because these decisions are concerned with foreign titles, which are outside Italian
In any case this decision cannot be considered to have a nobiliary character, but as a decision merely regarding certain claimed rights, firstly because it contradicts Italian law on titles, and second because these decisions are concerned with foreign titles, which are outside Italian jurisdiction.
Generally speaking, the superficial approach and total lack of
preparation by the Italian Courts when deciding these matters was indicted, for
example, by the well known historian Count Enrique Carlos Zeininger de Borja,
who for many years enriched the pages of the "Rivista Araldica" with
interesting and well-documented articles. Prince Carlo Mistruzzi di
Frisinga, great lawyer and author of the "Trattato di Diritto Nobiliare
Italiano", a fundamental book on all the judicial and legal aspects of
nobility, expressed his views on the peculiar interpretations of
paragraphs 7 and 8 of the Italian Chivalric Orders Act no. 178 of 3rd March 1951,
which had apparently given impunity to self styled orders of chivalry bestowed by dubious
chiefs of ex-reigning dynasties. The majority of Italian experts and
students of nobiliary matters (many of those lawyers) agree with these
What must one consider concerning the reported decisions of the French
courts? Mr. de Vigo in his site reports:
Republic of France (Supreme Court {Cour de Cassation}); Paris October 1990
(Court of Appeal) Nîmes;
16th. April 1991
"even expired (former) reigning families or their descendants have the
ability to confer honorary distinctions in strict conditions; and moreover, it
is clearly specified in legal decisions pronounced by Italian jurisdictions that
Enrico de Vigo Aleramico Paleologo belongs to an ex-reigning House which has
conserved through the ages the right to attribute honorary titles (jus honorum); that it is further specified that the legitimate son
and only heir of the late Prince Cesare has received jure sanguinis the dynastic prerogatives from which his father
benefited including the right to confer honorary titles"
The title given in red is ambiguous, as it
could make someone think that the above mentioned decision was taken by the
Court of Cassation which in reality, as correctly reported by Mr. Kinnane, can
actually determine only the correct application of the law. In this case the French
Supreme Court merely annulled the first Appeal decision and ordered a new Appeal
hearing to be taken in Nîmes.
In this case, Mr. de Vigo was just acting
against what he considered a defamation and the only proof requested to obtain a
favorable judgment is that the declaration of the defendant prejudices the
reputation of the actor. The considerations of the Court about the quality of
Mr. de Vigo as fons honorum, are not
the central part of the decision.
The Court of Appeal, having considered that
superior French authorities had in the past admitted the survival of the jus honorum, simply remarked that other foreign courts have recognized
Mr. de Vigo as belonging to an ex-reigning House while Mr. Chairoff and Mr. Godefroy
called no evidence in their support.
As with the Italian verdict, the French decision's validity is limited
to this specific case: Mr. de Vigo is not officially recognized by the French
Republic as a legal fons honorum,
otherwise the French State should logically recognize all the ways by which
the jus honorum is exercised: but we
know, as reported by Mr. Kinnane, that the Grand Chancellor of the Légion
d'Honneur considers the chivalric orders bestowed by Mr. de Vigo to be self-styled
and illegal and I would be curious to know if the Italian Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, if someone asked for permission to wear Mr. de Vigo's chivalric
decorations, would give its authorization.
An other important document cited by Mr. de Vigo is:
"Republic of San Marino decree of 28th. May 1994 signed by Dr.
Francesco Viroli, Doyen Judge, Commissar of Law of the Republic of San Marino
certifying that "in juridical consideration and reply to the petition of
Enrico de Vigo Paleologo to be recognized as Sovereign
Imperial Prince and heir to the Byzantine Throne with the qualification of Royal
and Imperial Highness, the above individual is confirmed in the titles
mentioned in the said petition as set forth above, to have and to hold now and
for ever."
Unfortunately we do not know the text of Mr. de Vigo's petition nor the complete
text of the opinion of Mr Viroli. In both San Marino and Italy the word
"decreto", like "ordinanza", refers to a provisional act
before a later, more complete "sentenza" (decision).
In fact no such sentence is recorded in those of the Commissary of Laws, since
this is not a sentence but an 'extrajudicial act'. Furthermore, the laws of San
Marino have always prohibited the recognition of foreign titles (and only recognizes
just three foreign coats of arms). Since at the time of this statement Mr Viroli
was no longer Commisar of Laws of the Republic, his cited opinion is in any case
of no relevance or validity under the laws of San Marino.
In fact no such sentence is recorded in those of the Commissary of Laws, since this is not a sentence but an 'extrajudicial act'. Furthermore, the laws of San Marino have always prohibited the recognition of foreign titles (and only recognizes just three foreign coats of arms). Since at the time of this statement Mr Viroli was no longer Commisar of Laws of the Republic, his cited opinion is in any case of no relevance or validity under the laws of San Marino.
The Serene Republic of San Marino, if we ignore the now extinct
aristocratic republics of Genova and Venice, was until recently the only
Republic to award and recognize titles and marks of nobility as well as it have his own hereditary Patriciate. But grants and recognitions were always made with
Senatus Consultus and foreign citizens only could obtain a new title.
The Law 29th December 1957 about the nobiliary regulations of San Marino reported that: article 1. The Prince and the Sovereign Council of LX reserves to themselves every act of nobiliary interest; article 5. The titles admitted are those of duke, marquis, count, viscount, baron, patrician, noble (it cannot grant or recognize the title of prince because the Republic has the rank of principality).
But in the most recent years the Republic is well knows for having
stopped this practice (by a Law of 1980 suspending it permanently), having
earlier limited the exercise of this jus
honorum to citizens only and with very strict rules.
So there are good reasons in my opinion to doubt of the legitimacy of the "Commisar of Law" to recognize the foreign titles and honors claimed by foreign citizens (Mr. de Vigo does not seem to be citizen of San Marino and has never had a San Marino title), even if such a sentence had in fact been issued, in any case he could not be recognized as a prince nor with a foreign title. This extrajudicial act is no more than an 'opinion' without any juridical validity in San Marino. [7]
To conclude my consideration of these four judicial
"recognitions" I must state that, following general legal principles,
the recognition of a foreign sovereignty (and the jus
honorum can not exist without the attribute of sovereignty) is not an act
within the competence of the magistracy, because it is a question of diplomatic
and political interest that can be dealt with only by political bodies such as
the Parliament or the Chief of the State to whom are delegated those responsibilities,
and not magistrates. The parliament and the president are responsible
of their acts before the law, so that if they do something irregular they
have a political and judicial responsibility and can be judged, while the
magistrates are not subjected to any control (this is the great problem in Italy
where every day we hear of major judicial errors, abuses and mistakes).
The historical validity of the recognitions of the Russian Confederation
(heir of the Bolshevik USSR), of the College of Arms of Albania (supposed
reconstitution of a previously non-existent body) and of the late King Peter of
Yugoslavia (who was specifically prohibited by the Yugoslavian Constitution from
according or recognizing titles of nobility) has been so
much discussed by authors more expert than I that I consider it unnecessary to
give this aspect further examination.
I have found particularly interesting the "Instrument of recognition granted by King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy to Prince Gerolamo Paleologo,
Prince Henri's great grandfather (1865)" as well as the "Grant
of title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire
made by King Umberto II of Italy to Cesare de Vigo Paleologo, father of
Prince Henri (1946)", this last being a very interesting fiction!
The fact is that King Vittorio Emanuele II dedicated so much attention to
make Italy united (and... in his way also the Italians) that he made only a few
grants and even fewer recognitions of titles.
Count Carlo Alberto Bertini Frassoni, President of the Collegio Araldico
of Rome, published years ago a very interesting book reporting all the grants
and recognitions of the Kings of Italy from 1861 to 1948: he does not reports
the names Paleologo or (de) Vigo Paleologo. But in any case, when someone was recognized
with or granted a title, the names of the beneficiary and of his legitimate
descendants were recorded in the "Libro d'Oro del Regno", now
conserved by the Central Archive of the State in Rome, and this last,
official, source does not make any mention of Mr. de Vigo nor his ancestors. And
it is the same in the Elenchi Ufficiali,
the official records published in 1922, 1933 and 1936, and not even the Elenco
Storico della Nobiltà Italiana published by the Sovereign Order of Malta
and the Italian Ministry of Interiors mentions these names.
The most ridiculous is the purported grant by Umberto II: even the most
ignorant observer could understand that only the Holy Roman Emperor could grant
such a title and not the King of Italy! And of course the name of Cesare de Vigo
Paleologo is not included on the official published list of nobiliary decrees
issued by King Umberto II during his life, compiled by Marquis Falcone Lucifero
d'Aprigliano, Ministry of the Royal House of Savoy, who had to sign and register
all such decrees.
In any case I find it inconceivable that the Head of the Royal House of
Savoy, who
uses the title of Duke of Monferrato and the relative quarter of pretension in
his "Great Coat of Arms", as everybody can check in the Almanach de
Gotha, would recognize the same title for another person, thereby making himself
an usurper!
According to Mr. Bonsi, it seems that Mr. de Vigo's great-grandfather
Girolamo (1823-1901) was awarded by a decree of 12th September 1860
by the King of Two Sicilies Francesco II of the "Cross of Justice" of the
Illustrious and Royal Order of San Gennaro. in fact, the Order was never awarded
in differing classes (despite the statutory regulation on this) and it was
awarded only in the rank of Knight, by diploma issued by the King. September
1860 was not a very happy period for the poor "Franceschiello": on the 7th
of that month Garibaldi had conquered Naples and the most of the kingdom and I
am sure that the King had more important things to do than bestow his orders.
But, to be certain, I have checked the official lists (published also in the 60s
in the Rivista Araldica by Marquis Achille Di Lorenzo) of the bestowals
of the Order of San Gennaro that report, for 1860, as well as the revised,
augmented and amended Roll issued by the Secretariat of the Grand Magistery of
the Order:
Gennaro Capece Galeota dei Duchi della Regina, Patrizio Napolitano, Inviato
Straordinario e Ministro Plenipotenziario di Sua Maestà Siciliana alla Corte
Imperiale di Russia, Gentiluomo di Camera di entrata di Sua Maestà Siciliana,
Balì Gran Croce di Giustizia dell'Ordine Costantiniano.
e Reverendissimo Signor Don Girolamo Cardinale d'Andrea,del Titolo di Santa
Agnese fuori le Mura.
Don Ettore Lucchesi Palli, VI Duca della Grazia, Gentiluomo di Camera con
esercizio di Sua Maestà Siciliana.
Antonio Spinelli, dei Principi di Scalea, Patrizio Napolitano, Ministro
Segretario di Stato, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri,Gentiluomo di Camera
di entrata di Sua Maestà Siciliana.
Nicola Caracciolo, VIII Principe di Torella, Grande di Spagna, VII Duca di
Lavello, Marchese di Bella, Marchese di Valle Siciliano, Conte di Gambatesa,
Patrizio Napolitano, Ministro Segretario di Stato, Gentiluomo di Camera con
esercizio di Sua Maestà Siciliana.
Francesco Casella, Tenente-Generale dei Reali Eserciti, Ispettore della Fanteria
di linea, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri di Sua Maestà Siciliana a Gaeta.
Conte di Rechberg-Rothenloeven, Ministro della Casa Imperiale e degli Esteri,
Ciambellano e consigliere Intimo di Sua Maestà Imperiale e Reale Apostolica
l'Imperatore d'Austria.
Conte Szechényi di Sarvár-Felsövidék, Inviato Straordinario e Ministro
Plenipotenziario di Sua Maestà Imperiale e Reale Apostolica alla Real Corte di
Franz Folliot de Crenneville-Poutet, Feldmaresciallo, Primo Aiutante di Campo
Generale, Consigliere Intimo e Gran Ciambellano di Sua Maestà Imperiale e Reale
Apostolica l'Imperatore d'Austria .
Maupas (de Maupas 1863), Inviato Straordinario e Ministro Plenipotenziario di
Sua Maestà l'Imperatore dei Francesi alla Real Corte di Napoli (1853-54),
Ministro dell'Interiore, Senatore.
Visconte poi (1865) Conte de Goyon, Generale di Divisione, Comandante le truppe
Francesi nello Stato Pontifico e Senatore nell'Impero Francese, Aiutante del
Campo di Sua Maestà Imperiale l'Imperatore Francese.
Lebarbier de Tinan, Contra, poi Vice-Ammiraglio della Flotta Imperiale di
Conte di Perponcher-Sedlnitzky, Inviato Straordinario e Ministro
Plenipotenziario di Sua Maestà il Re di Prussia alla Real Corte di Napoli.
Alessandro Volkonsky, Consigliere di Stato, Ciambellano,Inviato Straordinario e
Ministro Plenipotenziario di Sua Maestà Imperiale l'Imperatore e Autocrato di
Tutte le Russie alla Real Corte di Napoli.
Barone di Beust, Primo Ministro di Sua Maestà il Re di Sassonia, poi
Ambasciatore a Vienna.
e Reverendissimo Monsignore Don Pietro Giannelli, Nunzio Apostolico presso la
Real Corte di Napoli.
No de Vigo, no de Paleologo!
Also the other proofs presented and cited by Mr. de Vigo on his site
confuse this further:
Instrument of recognition granted by The Senate of Rome to Gerolamo Paleologo, son of Gerolamo (1583).
Instrument of recognition granted by The
Senate of Rome to Gio. Andrea Paleologo (1641)
Instrument of recognition granted by The Senate of Rome to Gio. Antonio Paleologo (1718)
According to the pedigree, these ones are not direct
ancestors of Mr. de Vigo in the male line, so these documents are irrelevant.
Instruments of recognition granted by The
Heraldic Congregation of the Senate of Rome (Pius IX) to Gio. Antonio &
Gerolamo Paleologo (1869)
The question about these documents is: "recognition" of what?
Mr. de Vigo says that the Senate recognized his ancestor as "descendant and
heir to the Emperors of the Orient, the Paleologus.... with all the honors
enjoyed by his ancestors". Mr. Bonsi says that Gerolamo was recognized as a
Roman Noble. The Senate certainly did not recognize the title of Prince, because there are no traces in any lists of Roman princes of
the names Vigo or Paleologus. Nor was it recognition of the status of fons
honorum and sovereign highness
too, because this would conflict with the rights of the "Papa-Re",
absolute sovereign of the Papal States (and not of the whole Italy as Mr. de
Vigo asserts). As such documents can only be general recognitions for
admittance in the Roman nobility or grants of citizenship, the only two acts
that the Senate could execute, the redundant claim to descent from the
Emperors of Orient can be considered as no more than a mere courtesy reflecting
a claim by a petitioner if such was indeed included in the original decree.
The Constitution "Urbem Romam", released by Pope Benedict XIV 4th January 1746 is the most important nobiliary law of the Roman Church. It is well known and documented (cfr. Persichetti-Ugolini, La civica nobiltà Romana, in Riv. Ar., 1957, p.219) that the Roman Senate (or, better, the Conservatori of the Senate) when, according to the constitution of Paul III, bestowing simple Roman citizenship used to insert in the diploma ambiguous phrases that could make one think that the persons where granted citizenship as Roman nobles. To end this confusion Benedict XIV stated in the bull that all the instruments of the Senate before 1746 must be considered in any case as simple grants of citizenship: Nos in primis decernimus atque statuimus, nemini licuisse, aut licere, nobilis Romani gradum et honores et privilegia sibi arrogare, quem constet a conservatoribus pro tempore Camerae Urbis, Romana tantummodo civitate donatum fuisse;.... et non alios, pro veris nobilibus Romanis, nunc quidem haberi volumus, et reputari ... non attenta qualibet expressionum amplitudine aut clausularum exuberantia quae in eorum receptionis diplomatibus ... adscripta, inserta seu adiecta fuerit; qua quidem ipsis decernimus nullum tribuere gradum maiorem ea civitate.
Then the Pope indicated that the
rank of Roman nobles was due only:
a) - to those who are
Conservators of the Capitoline Chamber or who are descendants of a Conservator;
b) - those who will be admitted
by the Conservators of the Capitoline Chamber after having presented their
proofs of nobility: these are the proof today called "prova Italiana"
by the Sovereign Order of Malta. A century of nobility was required for each of
the four ancestors of the pretender: it would be interesting to know the names
of the mother of these Paleologos, to check if they were of noble origins and
whether their descendants could be recognized as Roman nobles.
c) - the members of the family of
the Roman Pontiffs.
And finally the Pope listed 180 families who could legitimately be
considered members of the Roman nobility: that list does not includes the
names Paleologo nor (de) Vigo, which is very strange when we consider that Gio.
Antonio Paleologus had been allegedly "recognized"
only a few years before!
The Roman nobility was the object of other Bulls, Constitutions and
Chirographs, but the most interesting act to understand who was a real Roman
noble and who was not is the Massimario
included in the Bollettino Ufficiale della
Consulta Araldica, volume III, page 17. According to the article number 1
the following can be considered Roman nobles:
a) the families of the Roman
Princes and Dukes living in Rome;
b) the families admitted by the
Capitoline Heraldic Congregation, which was the only body having such power;
c) the families admitted under the
chirograph 12th January 1746;
d) the families of the Roman
Pontiffs after Benedict XIV;
e) the still extant families of
those of the 180 indicated in the Constitution Urbem Romam and only if
descending from a Conservatore or a Priore dei Caporioni before 1746.
And article number 2 clearly says that all the diplomas of nobility
granted before the Urbem Romam must be considered as simple awards of
citizenship as indicated by the Papal Constitution itself.
Continuing, if we consider the contents of the cited documents, if we
consider that the surnames Vigo and Paleologus are not indicated in the Urbem
Romam, nor in the list of the
Princes living in Rome, nor in the lists of the 60 families which were decorated
with the title of "coscritto" (and a prince, recognized as descendant
of an Imperial House would have surely been honored with such title) we can
conclude that the first three documents were in reality simple grants of Roman
citizenship. And the names (de) Vigo and Paleologo do not appear in the official
records of the Roman nobility compiled by the Kingdom of Italy, the last
instrument mentioned by Mr. de Vigo.
Similarly it must be remembered that the Commune of Orvieto, even if it
had his own local hereditary nobility, was part of the Papal States and the
Pope was the city's sovereign, so that the Gonfaloniere could only recognize general
nobility and titles and not the quality of sovereign and fons
As for the "recognition" by Maximilian II, who whilst he was
dying of a terrible illness in 1579 is purported to have found the strength to
remember Mr. de Vigo's ancestors, of Ferdinand II and of Charles VI (I presume
Mr. de Vigo talks about the Holy Roman Emperor who was also
King of Hungary) there are many
points to make. Normally the copies of the first two documents would be preserved
in the General Austrian Archives in Vienna, but the official records published
in 1979 do not include the names Paleologo nor (de) Vigo. The third one is said
to be at the Budapest State
Archives, ref. Denizenship, April 1720, A 35, and in the "Libri Regni"
of the Kingdom of Hungary, vol. XXIII,
But in any case the problem is always the same: what do they recognize?
General nobility, the title of prince, or the quality of Chief of the Imperial
House of Byzantium with all the purported consequent rights?
I believe it important to cite also a diploma of 3rd November 1630 in
which Ferdinand II generically recognizes to Leonardo Andronico Comneno
(d'Otranto) his descent from the Eastern Emperors; and another one of 4th
August 1714 in which Charles IV (it's strange, this is the same sovereign as
Charles VI...) nominates the "Most Serene Prince" Giuseppe, son of
Leonardo Andronico, Imperial Ambassador in Russia. The Comneno d'Otranto family
has been recognized as noble and admitted in the Sovereign Military Order of
Malta in person of Alessandro Angelo Flavio Comneno d'Otranto, Knight of Grace
and Devotion, as one may easily note from the official "Ruolo Generale"
published by the Order in 1988.
Mr. de Vigo says that the Pope and the Emperors always recognized the Paleologus
as Grand Masters of the chivalric orders he now bestows, this is not true at all. In fact
the Pope, until 1921, appointed a Cardinalis
Protector to the Constantinian Order of Saint George, bestowed
by the Kings and later heads of the Royal House of the Two Sicilies (the last one
died in 1927)! I have
never heard of Italians, ennobled by Mr. de Vigo and his ancestors, who obtained
recognition from the Kingdom of Italy nor by the other pre-unification states.
The lists of those persons awarded the Order of Saint Sylvester also omit the
name of Enrico II de Vigo.
And why does Mr. Vigo describe himself as Enrico "III"? The second of that
name was seemingly his grandfather, but who was the first? In the pedigree there are no
other Enricos.
Instead all these matter should be considered from another and more
interesting point of view, that of the characteristics and peculiarities of the jus
This right, which is not limited only the power to grant titles of
nobility but also the faculty to bestow other marks of honor, such as pensions,
knightly orders, civil and military awards, is strictly connected to the
attributes of sovereignty. This follows the general principle of superiorem non recognoscere, independently with the effective exercise
of the power over a territorial entity.
Practically, the jus honorarium,
which comes from the possession of sovereignty as the other powers that
characterize the sovereignty itself (such as jus
imperii, jus gladii and jus majestatis) survives also when the effective exercise of jus
imperii and jus gladii is suspended by the loss, for example, of the effective
control over a country.
This theory was supported by many important students and experts and, to
give an example, they usually cite the case of the British sovereigns exiled in the
Netherlands and France in the 17th and 18th centuries, who maintained diplomatic
and political relationships with other sovereigns, who usually recognized the titles
and honors they bestowed; and of King Umberto II, some of whose nobiliary and chivalric
concessions in exile were recognized in Belgium and by the Sovereign
Military Order of Malta and Holy See.
If we suppose that the jus
can survive the debellatio, the
loss of effective sovereignty over a territory, we have to reflect about who
has the power to recognize the dethroned individual as a fons honorum, and the quality of Chief of Name and Arms of a
Sovereign House with all the rights and power connected to this status.
In my opinion and logically it cannot be somebody of the same rank
invoked by the pretender (for example, another reigning Sovereign House)
because this would imply a subordination of the subject recognized to the person recognized.
For this reason I doubt that Charles VI recognized Mr. de Vigo's ancestor as
Head of the Imperial House of Byzantium. Only somebody who is higher then the
Sovereign can recognize the Sovereign himself, such as a higher feudal lord
could recognize the lower ones, but so the problem is that, if we exclude the
Lord, there is nobody higher then the Sovereign and that the Lord's will is, by
definition, impossible to be known.
To support this assertion we can observe that not one European State ever
admitted the possibility to recognize sic
et sempliciter another fons honorum,
especially if living in the same country and being consequently a possible
The nobiliary rules of the Kingdom of Italy, in particular, had never
considered recognizing the rights or claims of former Sovereign Houses
within Italy, nor the possibility of them obtain any official recognition of
their prerogative of fons honorum, and
not only for political reasons but also for logical, juridical reasons,
and the titles they granted after 1861 have never been directly recognized by
the Italian state. The dynastic chivalric orders were merely tolerated: it was only with the advent
of the Republic and after the Presidential Decree of 3rd March 1951 that it
became possible to request authorization to wear them and the former Savoy royal
orders were not included.
This practice must be nevertheless viewed more as a declaration of non
competence than as a disavowal of these rights. Indeed when members of the
Bourbon Two Sicilies House came to Italy for the marriage of a Bourbon Princess
to a Savoy Prince earlier this century, in their passports, court protocol, and
official acts, they were accorded and treated with all the titles and attributes
they legitimately possessed.
The conclusion of this reflection is that, if we exclude the possibility
for a fons honorum to officially recognize
another one, only an implicit recognition is possible by the exchange of
decorations and knightly orders, or by the recognition of the titles bestowed by
the other claimant and similar acts. Instead of an official recognition from
above there can be an implicit declaration of parity.
Of course the matter can be more complicated if the pretender has never
reigned, so that if there were doubts about the legitimacy of the titles granted
by King Umberto II during his exile, the questions and doubts multiply for what
concerns Prince Vittorio Emmanuele. Some students absolutely deny that the jus honorarium can be transmitted, others assert that this can be only
in the case of absolute sovereigns and not for constitutional ones, others
require the observation of all the duties and procedures indicated in the succession
law that was in force at the time of the loss of the effective sovereignty. So,
we can say everything and the opposite of everything, definitively what really
counts is, as we have said before, the effective behavior of the other fontes
Returning to Mr. de Vigo's case, it is clear that he never obtained this
implicit declaration of parity, and we can consider all the explicit
recognitions he has mentioned as void ab
origine because they were attributed by bodies which do not have the
competence to judge this, or have done so in a form that implies submission to
the person recognized, submission which is absolutely incompatible with the jus honorarium and the quality of sovereign.
Furthermore, supposing even that Mr de Vigo was in fact the heir to the
Byzantine throne, the alleged Orders that he distributes did not exist as such
under the authority of the Byzantine Emperors, and neither did these Emperors
grant titles of nobility on the Western European model.
Furthermore, supposing even that Mr de Vigo was in fact the heir to the Byzantine throne, the alleged Orders that he distributes did not exist as such under the authority of the Byzantine Emperors, and neither did these Emperors grant titles of nobility on the Western European model.
Finally we can not say that Mr. de Vigo is not what he claims to be as
well as nobody can say the opposite, because one thing is the recognition or the
ability to recognize of a right, another thing is the existence of the right
itself. But I believe I have demonstrated that, until now, there is no
convincing proofs of the existence of the jus
honorarium in his person, and he does not have the implied recognition by other
sovereigns that I consider indispensable and the only one really valid.
[1] See Benvenuto di San Giorgio nella
Cronica di Monferrato (il più importante trattato umanistico di storia
monferrina) scritta alla fine del secolo XV inizio XVI ma pubblicata solo nel
1613 scrive: "...gli oratori del
paese giunsero a Costantinopoli, e alla serenissima imperatrice non senza
mestizia significarono la dolenda e luttuosa morte del marchese Giovanni suo
fratello, e quanto aveva ordinato nella sua ultima testamentaria disposizione;
pregandola e invitandola affettuosamente, che si degnasse venire a pigliare la
possessione del fraterno patrimonio, ovvero concedergli uno de' suoi figliuoli
per signore, nella quale linea e discendenza dell'illustrissima casa di
Monferrato si avesse a continovare e propagare..."
[2] Then Abbot of Lucedio, in 1509 Apostolic Protonotary and coadjutor of the Bishop of Casale Bernardino Tibaldeschi, and later nominated but not consecrated Bishop of Casale.
[3] These children were: 1) Giovanna
for whom it was established in the dowry pact of 11 December 1479 that
lacking heirs of her uncle Marchese Bonifacio I Paleologo (Marchese
1483-1494) she would inherit Monferrato. She married Marchese Ludovico di
Saluzzo in 1481;
[4] This Bonifacio had only two sons, Guglielmo II (IX) and Gian Giorgio who left no legitimate issue, while Marchese Giovanni IV had also left two natural children, a daughter, and a son who was assassinated in 1485. Gian Giorgio was the last reigning Paleologo Marchese, and had a natural son, Flaminio Paleologo, who was invested by his father in 1532 with the feudatory of San Giorgio and of Caluso, confirmed by the Gonzaga dukes in 1539 and 1546. Flaminio (who having been involved in a plot against the Gonzaga was imprisoned, where he died in 1571) was a knight of San Giacomo and married Lucia, daughter of Sigismondo Fanzini of Mantova. They had descendants who never claimed the duchy, two of whom served at the Manutan Court in the 17th century.
[5] The
precise law on this will be posted later.
[6] On 31 Jan 1990 there was an adoption, and succession by adoption, of the name "Principe Hohenlohe" in San Marino, but this only had the effect of being a legal adoption and was unconnected with the nobiliary jurisdiction of the Republic.
[7] In
fact in the
Republic of San Marino the last sentence of verification of a
nobiliary title was made on 14th of May 1992 (to a member of the Giustiniani
family). Subsequent requests for nobiliary verification have been refused by the
Commissario della Legge. From a juridical point of view there is a difference
between "Verification" and "Recognition." The sentences of
the Republic of Saint Marin only verify nobiliary titles, and do
not recognize them (under the Nobiliary Laws of 1931 recognition
of nobiliary titles was permitted, but only of San Marino titles, not foreign
titles. These recognitions could be made only by the Consiglio Grande e Generale
with a Senato Consulto and not by a juridical sentence.


text:
Distinguished Cravat
Kate Ross
By Jatnna Nunez
This is book is a day-in-the-life story of the very distinguished Kate Ross of Distinguished Cravat.
About the Author
Publish Date April 28, 2010
Dimensions Standard Landscape 22 pgs
Standard Paper
Category Arts & Photography
Tags kate, ross, jatnna, nunez, distinguished, cravat, fashion
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text:
Carpenter Makes NL All-Star Team
July 7, 2013
FORT WORTH, Texas -- Former TCU standout Matt Carpenter will represent the St. Louis Cardinals in the July 16 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at Citi Field in New York.
Carpenter is the first Horned Frog selected to the All-Star Game since pitcher Jeff Zimmerman for the Texas Rangers in 1999. The last TCU position player in the All-Star Game was catcher Jeff Newman for the Oakland A's in 1979.
The Cardinals' leadoff hitter and second baseman, Carpenter is batting .319 with eight home runs and 37 RBIs. He is tied for the National League lead in runs scored (65), is second in hits (106), tied for third in doubles (26), fifth in on-base percentage (.391), sixth in batting and tied for eighth in triples (four) and OPS (.882).
Carpenter is the only player in the National League to rank in the top six in batting, hits, doubles, runs scored and on-base percentage.


text:
Charleston is getting a new water taxi stop. Beginning Wednesday, folks can catch the water taxi from the pier at Charleston's popular Waterfront Park.
"This is a wonderful moment to inaugurate the water taxi service here from the Waterfront Park," said Mayor Joe Riley. "It's a fun and convenient way to get around."
The dock is 10' by 50' and cost the city $419,237. The funds for the dock are from funds received from online travel companies.
The taxis run from about 9 a.m. to about 7 p.m.Copyright 2013 WCSC. All rights reserved. The Associated Press contributed to this report.
2126 Charlie Hall Boulevard
Charleston, SC 29414
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text:
Wild Turkey Spiced Bourbon
Wild Turkey is describing it as a more masculine choice to spiced rum with its new Wild Turkey Spiced bourbon set to launch in the US in mid-September. We could debate the masculinity of rum drinking for a while, especially given its the drink of choice for pirates (the proper old school swash-buckling ones, not their modern day AK wielding equivalents). Wild Turkey have covered this off though, with a convincing counter argument - "we considered putting a pirate on the label until we realised pirates wear tights".
We could continue debating this with quite a bit of fun, but obviously, this is aimed at the bourbon novice, or the spiced rum drinker looking for something a bit different. In other words, Wild Turkey have basically lined up their cannons targeting a certain Captain named Morgan. Vanilla bean, cloves and cinnamon are mentioned as the spices used, and the bourbon is aged in american oak, with the company keen the emphasise the inventive Caribbean island vibe with its new release.
Wild Turkey Spiced will be bottled at 86% proof or 43% alcohol by volume. Prices are expected to be around $23 for a 700 ml bottle in the US. Add your usual international adjustments – especially if you're in Australia, though no dates are currently mentioned for international release.
Regardless, it's definitely a great step for Wild Turkey who have also introduced a few items to their range in recent times. We've also tried the Wild Turkey Rye here at The Global Playbook, and are keen to check out the bourbon-rye blend Forgiven that was allegedly created by accident. Of course there's always the American Honey, or the interesting Jim Beam Devil's Cut. Or for something different, but similarly pirate themed, there's always the awesome The West Winds Gin range for a unique Aussie cross pirate twist.