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This session was part of the CFR Symposium on a Second Look at the Great Depression and the New Deal, cosponsored by Dean Thomas Cooley of the Leonard N. Stern School of Business, New York University, and supported by a special grant from the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
AMITY SHLAES:� Could everyone take a seat, please. �
Good early afternoon -- good lunch.� Thank you for coming to this, the center of our event today.� I'm here just very briefly to introduce one of our supporters, Carl Schramm of the Kauffman Foundation. �
Around here we think of the Kauffman Foundation as the "thinking foundation."� Sometimes that "thinking foundation" sounds like an oxymoron.� It's not, in the case of the Kauffman Foundation, which has been so generous in supporting us, at the Council, and this project, in particular. �
Carl has his own book, "Good Capitalism, Bad Capitalism," one of many, which has helped us in our work on entrepreneurship, the subject of the Kauffman Foundation. �
In addition, I'd like to thank Dean Cooley.� I hope I see him, maybe -- there's Dean Cooley, who is the co-sponsor of this conference, from NYU Stern.� We're very excited to be doing this with NYU. �
So, I'll stop there and welcome Carl, who will introduce Dr. Lucas. �
CARL J. SCHRAMM:� Thank you, Amity. �
I'm going to pull out my cell phone and tinker with it, to put it on "airplane mode."� And this, of course, is a case example to all of you who seem to be sitting on your cell phones and not getting the point.� Shall we? -- although, some of you may have already done it. �
While I do this, I just want to suggest that there's a practical reason to do this.� I was once giving a speech in Washington and the phone rang, and I cannot believe -- it was an audience twice the size of this, and I reflexively answered the phone.� It was my son, then a freshman in high school, saying, "Dad, Dad, my bike's been stolen."� I said, "Buy a new.� Bye."� (Laughter.)� And I may have just saved myself another $500.� (Laughter.) �
Anyway, it's a great pleasure to be here to introduce Professor Robert Lucas.� And in reading his own autobiography one has an appreciation of a couple of things.� One, is his great respect for all of his teachers.� To read it as a father, as a teacher, and as someone engaged in thinking about education and how to support it properly, it's a wonder to -- once again, it's always a fresh wonder to see someone reverence their teachers.� And his autobiography is just a marvelous walk through an extraordinary set of figures who had an influence on him, and he was, and has been, so generous in recognizing their influence. �
Along the way, in this biography, by the way, he -- there's another lesson, and it is that he actually loves books and credits the folks whose books have inspired him.� And I stop there for a moment, because when one thinks about this, one thinks -- one reads this, or something like it, one thinks about the books that have influenced your own life.� And I'm happy to say, with all sincerity, that I think of my 100 books -- which I've been keeping for a long time, once in awhile I have to displace a book because another book comes along that's a little bit more important.� And I do believe that -- I had the -- I had the benefit of reading Amity's book, "The Forgotten Man" (in galleys ?)," and I knew the minute it was out in hard copy one of the others would have to go, because I think it's an extraordinary book, on its way to being a classic book. �
And when Amity approached the Kauffman Foundation about this conference, it was a lay-up in the sense of it seemed an eminently smart thing to do, to bring people together to talk about the nature and the lessons of the New Deal.� And if it looked like a smart idea back when Amity proposed it to us, it looks like yet a smarter idea given that this has now become a central topic. �
Now back to Professor Lucas.� I was trained as an economist.� Recently, I changed my vitae to call myself a "cultural anthropologist."� And the reason I do that is we've come, once again, to the moment when this most arrogant science, or pseudo-science, is caught with its pants down, literally or figuratively.� We don't really know what we're talking about. �
And while we might know, or pretend to know, what we're talking about in some areas, if there's one certain area we don't know much about -- and this is an area where Professor Lucas and several other economists are actually quite honest -- it is the question of growth, which is central to our dialogue today.� And along the way, in crediting people who had influence on him, I love his phrase, that sometimes he pulls down Samuelson or William Feller's book on probability "just to enjoy their company." �
I have personally enjoyed Professor Lucas' company in his lectures on growth.� It's been a fascination of mine for a long time.� It's the one single area where Nobelists, like Professor Lucas and Bob Solo, say again and again, "It's happened, but we really don't know why.� Economists cannot solve this riddle." �
And when I've enjoyed Professor Lucas' company -- I asked my research assistant the other day to actually do something empirical, and he said, "Yes, indeed, you have quoted him, this very phrase, three times in writing."� So, I share with you, as the end of my introduction, the following phrase, which I think is pregnant with meaning for today; and it is important for all of us as citizens, when we turn to experts, to know what it is we don't know.� But, in particular, this quote tells us something about the magic of entrepreneurship, the magic of firm formation, the magic of Schumpeter, in a sense of disrupting the economy, at moments like this, and letting the forces from underneath, in fact, create a renewal of democratic capitalism. �
This is Professor Lucas:� "For income growth to occur in a society, a large fraction of people must experience changes in the 'possible lives' that they imagine for themselves and their children.� And these new visions of possible futures must have enough force to lead them to change the way they behave, the number of children they have, and the hopes they invest in these children, the way they allocate their time.� In the words of a more recent title of Naipaul's economic development, it requires 'a million mutinies.'"� This is, in fact, the moment we're in, and I think we couldn't do better to have as our after-dinner speaker, or after-luncheon speaker, Bob Lucas.� Thanks so much for coming.� (Applause.) �
ROBERT E. LUCAS JR.:� Okay, well, thanks very much. �
And it's been a terrific -- I've been going to all the sessions, and it's a great conference.� My head's spinning.� Some of you will probably hear some of your best lines in my talk, for that matter. �
I'm going to talk about the current situation in the United States.� And, don't worry, the 1930s is going to play a role in how I, and everyone else, thinks about the current situation.� It's one of the most serious recessions since the Great Depression of the 1930s right now, and there's no guarantee that it won't get worse. �
At the end of 2008, U.S. GDP was about 5 percent below trend.� People measure trends in different ways, but 2007 wasn't a great year either.� The consensus forecast predicts something like 8 percent below trend by the end of this year. �
Now, compared to the shortfall reached in 1933 -- the trough of the Great Depression, they were over 30 percent below trend.� So these numbers now, it's a big -- big by comparison to the post-war recessions, but certainly nothing compared to the big event of the 1930s.� And I don't want to let the parallels I draw to suggest that I think they're of equal importance or danger, but they're certainly a serious enough situation to get our attention. �
And one of the lessons of the Great Depression, which has been discussed in many of the sessions today -- this morning, is that a side effect of depression is a proliferation of ill-conceived, hastily put together policies that serve to postpone the recovery.� By 1940, seven years after the 1933 trough, the U.S. economy still had not gotten back to 10 percent below trend.� And there's really been nothing like this before or since in any industrial society, as far as I know. �
The current crisis has given rise to an orgy of finger-pointing, and this activity may well contribute to sometime -- some day to reasoned diagnoses that help us to redesign the financial regulatory system, which everyone knows we have to do.� But, this exercise, which is important, is almost completely unrelated to the more urgent task of organizing our thinking about what, if anything, should be done right now to deal with the recession.� So, I'm going to set aside the hard questions of moral hazard and incentives -- which are central to the regulatory problems, set them aside and just think about the basic arithmetic of what we might call -- and this is a -- the due irony -- "monetarist fine tuning." �
So, now, some numbers.� The trend growth rate of the U.S. economy is 3 percent per year -- I'm talking about total GDP, real GDP.� And we always -- we keep returning to it, it's been our -- the norm for well over a century.� But, suppose right this minute GDP is 6 percent below the trend line?� Then to recover in three years, to get out of a recession in three years, we need three years of 5 percent growth -- 3 percentage points just to keep up with the trend; and 2 percent, three times in a row, to get, to make up for the 6 shortfall.� So, that's what it means to get out of a recession like this, roughly speaking. �
Now, in a free society the growth rate of real GDP is not something anyone can choose -- any individual or government can choose.� What we can choose, though -- and this is roughly speaking, we've had some debates about that this morning, what we can choose is the growth in the dollar value of GDP.� The growth of GDP in dollars is more or less directly influenced by monetary policy. �
So I'm going to talk in terms of choosing -- (inaudible) -- say exaggeration, the rate of nominal growth, and then the real growth rate and the inflation rate have to add up to that thing.� So we can, kind of, choose the sum of the inflation rate and the real growth rate.� So from that point of view, if you want 5 percent real growth, and we're going to have an inflation target of, say, 2 percent, then that nominal growth is going to be -- we're going to have three years of nominal growth at 7 percent. �
Now, the fact is, we don't have any reliable way -- Mr. Schramm talks -- (laughs) -- talks about what economists don't know, and my talk's going to be full of instances -- we don't have a reliable way of relating changes in monetary policy to changes in nominal GDP growth in the short-term.� And we can't predict exactly how nominal GDP changes will break down into real growth and inflation. �
But, let me review how this breakdown worked in the 1929 to 1933 period, the period that Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz called "the great contraction," in their monograph, "A Monetary History of the United States."� This is a 100-page chapter, and you should read -- anyone interested in recessions, depressions, and depression prevention, and -- (inaudible) -- should read this chapter, if you haven't.� Most of you have already. �
Okay, over this four-year period -- I'm just summing up -- nominal GDP fell by 58 percent; real GDP fell by 34 percent.� And then, because -- and then inflation -- the prices -- (inaudible) -- you already know this, because of it's adding up condition, must have fallen by 24 percent.� And that's about right. �
You can divide these numbers by four to get annual rates.� And when you do that -- you know, in fact, the decline took place gradually, there wasn't a meltdown immediately following the stock market crash.� In fact, the first year after that was rather -- the economy was rather modest -- but it added up to four years of negative growth averaging minus-8 percent a year.� Not too many people have ever lived through that -- such an event, in this room. �
Now, the Federal Reserve didn't cause this decline.� When it began, it was an increase -- a reduction in velocity, a "flight to cash," people called it.� My guess is, it was a part of a fear -- people seeking safety in liquidity after the stock market crash, or any event.� In any event, people cut back, built -- wanted to build up their cash holdings. �
Now, the Fed could have responded to that situation by -- the people want more liquidity, by creating the reserves that -- the new money to supply the added liquidity.� In which case, people wouldn't -- would not have had to reduce spending in order to build up their cash.� Now, you can try building up your cash by buying securities, but everybody can't build it that way because we're all doing the same thing. �
So, really, the only way to respond to this demand for liquidity, if the Fed doesn't do anything, is individuals have to hold on to cash coming in, and resist spending.� And that's the depression.� That's that depression -- that's the monetary side of a depression� �
But, the Fed didn't do anything to relieve this liquidity.� They sat by.� And they cut interest rates time zero.� They were, I guess, the believers that the only thing is -- monetary policy can do is fix interest rates.� And once interest rates get to zero, you're over.� �
Now, Friedman and Schwartz, one of their main theses is that this passive response by the Fed must bear the ultimate responsibility for the severity of the contraction -- that they couldn't ease, you know, at any point during that four-year period, and stop the hemorrhaging, and they just did not do it.� And if the Fed has the ability -- and, I would say, the responsibility to do that, and they didn't.� So even today, many people think of the Depression as evidence that monetary stimulus is ineffective when the real problem was that it wasn't used. �
Now, this is one policy mistake that's not going to be repeated in the current situation.� The Fed, under Bernanke's leadership, had added something -- I never know quite know what number to say, I'll say 600 billion (dollars) in bank reserves, but he's lent money to other companies and don't show up in this decision I'm looking at. �
This $600 billion is -- this is a system that operated with $50 billion in reserves last August.�� So, I mean, it's just a mountain of new reserves.� Now, the size of these actions -- and they're going to get bigger we're told -- and the nature of the assets the Fed has bought, has been controversial; you know, how could it -- how could it not be?� You can't spend a trillion-plus (dollars) without raising a few eyebrows. �
So I want to tell you why I think this is the right thing to do and what's the case for it.� So nominal growth -- my argument before, my sketch of the hypothetical three-year recovery, said that something like a 7 percent growth rate in nominal GDP would be helpful.� The nominal growth is way below 5 percent, or even 3 percent at an annual rate right now, and the forecasts for 2009 are for near zero growth. �
So if we don't change the rate of growth of nominal income, and we want to get a 5 percent real growth, we're going to have to have an offsetting deflation of 5 percent.� And these things have to add up.� And that's just not going to happen.� It is not possible to pull a modern economy through a neutral or painless deflation.� Economic theory doesn't really tell us why -- what's hard about it.� But, the evidence, I mean, it just doesn't work. �
I think the long, drawn out recession in Japan is exactly because the nominal income in Japan has grown at something -- you know, for 15 years at rates that average somewhere between 1 (percent) and 2 percent.� Now, if you're going to get 3 percent real growth, that means you got to have a negative deflation for all those years, and it just doesn't -- it hasn't been good for Japan.� Those numbers are much smaller than the 1930s, but it's a serious -- it's a serious mistake. �
Now, the additional reserves the Fed has put into the system have induced double-digit growth in M1 and M2 domain monetary aggregates.� And these are rates which, I think if they were sustained, would soon yield inflation at 1970s levels or higher.� And, moreover, as confidence returns, which it will, velocity is going to return to pre-crisis levels and people are going to start spending more out of their cash balances.� So, inflation's going to -- that too is going to add to the inflationary pressures. �
So, it's absolutely necessary for the Fed to be able and willing to reverse course and sell off the assets its acquired over these years, to keep this inflation -- the inflation is going to get out of hand.� This is almost -- we don't know when that it's going to hit.� I don't see any reason to start cutting back now because you're going to hit it.� But, it's something you might as well think about it, because we're going to get there. �
There's nothing technically hard about unwinding these Fed positions fast.� And the markets you need to operate in to do that -- the Fed needs to operate are there and working.� But, it's going to take political courage, or some kind of consensus -- the kind of courage that Paul Volcker showed in the 1980s when he brought -- adopted policies that brought the 1970s inflation to an end, that same kind of courage and independence is going to be called for in a few years.� I don't think it's an argument against the policy that's being followed, and I hope, when the crunch comes we'll do the right thing, but it's a concern that everyone who's watching these policies has, and we'll see. �
We had some lively sessions this morning about fiscal stimulus.� Now, would a fiscal stimulus somehow get us out of this bind, or add another weapon that would help in this problem?� I've already said I think what the Fed is now doing is going to be enough to get a reasonably quick recovery committed.� But, could we do even better with fiscal stimulus? �
I just don't see this at all.� If the government builds a bridge, and then the Fed prints up some money to pay the bridge builders, that's just a monetary policy.� We don't need the bridge to do that.� We can print up the same amount of money and buy anything with it.� So, the only part of the stimulus package that's stimulating is the monetary part. �
So it's a mistake to think of two different ways -- there are two different ways of getting the cash out there.� Maybe some of the things Bernanke's doing right now to get the cash out there are properly called fiscal policy.� I'm not sure even what the -- somebody raised the question of the definition of these terms that are -- in the morning session.� I thought it was a pretty good question.� I'm not sure either. �
But, if we do build the bridge by taking tax money away from somebody else, and using that to pay the bridge builder -- the guys who work on the bridge -- then it's just a wash.� It has no first-starter effect.� There's no reason to expect any stimulation.� And, in some sense, there's nothing to apply a multiplier to.� (Laughs.)� You apply a multiplier to the bridge builders, then you've got to apply the same multiplier with a minus sign to the people you taxed to build the bridge.� And then taxing them later isn't going to help, we know that. �
So I think this monetary response that we're in the middle of now, I think it is a response to the lessons of the 1930s.� It's not the whole problem of the 1930s, because there are all kinds of policies that were crucial to that evolution, that monetary policy's not going to touch, and didn't touch in the 1930s.� But, I think the monetary -- in terms of the stimulus response, if you could -- a stimulus to get -- help us accelerate the recovery, I think the current policy we're doing is the right one, and I just hope that we have the nerve to terminate it when it's done its job.� Thank you. �
(Mr. Lucas apparently trips on the stairs.)
SCHRAMM:� (Off mike.)� Are you okay? �
LUCAS:� Yeah. �
SCHRAMM:� All right.� �
LUCAS:� It wasn't exactly a subtle step, was it?� How the hell did I miss it?� (Laughter.) �
SCHRAMM:� A year ago the Council could afford another stair.� (Laughter.)
We're going to take some questions, but as you formulate a question I want to ask you to recall that this may be on television and you have to call for a microphone.� So we have folks who are ready to bring microphones to you.� And before the first question comes I want to ask you this question. �
You know, it strikes me that Schwartz and Friedman had economics on a vision of what had happened if we would redo the recession from -- excuse me, the Depression from a policy perspective, and for perhaps the last 20 years there was sort of a resurgence of Schumpeter's view of where the economy was headed.� There was a new respect for the dynamism of entrepreneurs.� And then overnight we're watching the revision of what we know into sort of a Keynesian model.� And I'd like -- this is sort of an epistemological question to an eminent economist -- how is that we are so undetermined as to what these policy prescriptions in the history -- in the lessons of history are?
LUCAS:� That's a tough question.� I mean, Schumpeter and Keynes are two economists I've always had trouble understanding.� I see the situation here as in -- in its economic essentials very similar to the one that Friedman and Schwartz talked about.� I know Anna doesn't see it this way but I see the parallels as being very close and I don't see why can't I just take that book off the shelf and see what we did in the 30s and go with it. �
I don't -- I don't know.� I don't think you have to be fancy about the nature of economic growth in the real economy, which is what was Schumpeter's main interest, and I think Keynes was one of those who thought that when the interest rate was down to zero monetary policy was over and I think that's wrong.� I think that's one of the things that Friedman and Schwartz showed.� So I think it's a monetary stimulus of the sort that leaves doubt.� I think Bernanke agrees with this. �
He's also very much concerned with somehow fixing up the banking system, which may be -- it's his job, but I -- I'm just talking about the -- getting the reserves out there as a stimulus to spending.� I think we know enough to do that.� Hope we do.
SCHRAMM:� Ben?� Could you tell us your name?
QUESTIONER:� Ben Steel, Council on Foreign Relations.� Bob, I edit a journal called International Finance and I get a lot of submissions from people who build big models -- big economic models -- and the shortest referee reports I get back condemn these submissions by saying this model is subject to the Lucas critique.� In the last session, we had quite an animated discussion which spilled over into the lunch about models on fiscal multipliers, what they are. �
On the one extreme, we have models by people like Mark Zandi at Moody's who say that the fiscal multiplier for the spending initiatives we're discussing are on the order of 1.5.� On the other hand, we have people like Robert Barro at Harvard who say there's zero or negative.� How would you go about applying the Lucas critique to these types of models to sort of educate us in how we should think about the validity of these models?
LUCAS:� Do I need the Lucas critique for -- I'm with Barro is the short answer.� (Laughter.)� The Moody's model that Christina Romer -- here's what I think happened.� It's her first day on the job and somebody says, you've got to come up with a solution to this -- in defense of this fiscal stimulus, which no one told her what it was going to be, and have it by Monday morning. �
So she scrambled and came up with these multipliers and now they're kind of -- I don't know.� So I don't think anyone really believes.� These models have never been discussed or debated in a way that that say -- Ellen McGrattan was talking about the way economists use models this morning.� These are kind of schlock economics. �
Maybe there is some multiplier out there that we could measure well but that's not what that paper does.� I think it's a very naked rationalization for policies that were already, you know, decided on for other reasons.� I don't -- I'd like to talk about the Lucas critique but I don't -- I don't think we can -- (chuckles) -- deal with that issue. �
SCHRAMM:� Question here, sir?
QUESTIONER:� Thank you.� Malcolm Wiener.� I suppose one way to think about fiscal stimulus is to ask when is the right time to build necessary infrastructure -- when the government is during a boom, when the government is competing for labor and capital with private industry, or during a recession where that's available, and I would point you to one answer.�� One of the critiques raised is that it can't -- the fiscal stimulus can't act quickly enough to help in this situation, and I suppose if we're in a standard cyclical recession that's true. �
But the real risk is that we may be in for U- or an L-shaped recovery in which case the fact that some of it doesn't kick in until subsequent years is not only less troublesome but perhaps beneficial.� And then, of course, that brings me to the final point.� If this is -- well, much of the discussion this morning has been in terms of a severe cyclical event but if this is also a structural event with the savings rate going from minus something or other back to traditional levels of 7 (percent) or 8 percent as persisted during the 50s or even back to 10 or 12 percent because people are so shocked by what's happening to their savings, then I wonder if any amount of monetary easing or quantitative easing interest rates are already zero would be enough without some fiscal stimulus.
LUCAS:� That's a long question.� I'll start from the back and I'll forget to get all the way through.� The zero interest rate thing is -- there no -- look what Bernanke's done already.� After interest rates hit zero he's putt $1 trillion-plus into the economy.� So no one's ever going to -- whatever happens in this -- whatever Ben's does -- done for us he's completely removed this zero interest bound as something we have to think of as a limit on what monetary policy can do. �
I think if you had to do something -- I mean, you're saying a slump is probably a pretty good time to build stuff with government programs.� I mean, the construction industry is slumping, wages aren't going to be going up fast, so we could take advantage of that and build some roads.� That's true in the private sector too.� It's a great time to buy a new car.� I mean, it's a great time to do a lot of things.� But people aren't -- so I think these incentives are not -- they're a force that's going to bring a private response.� You're describing if the interest structure thing is analogous to a -- I agree with that. �
I certainly don't think, you know, it would be a bad idea to build some new bridges.� But that's got to be justified not on stimulus or multipliers, just on the fact that we'd like better bridges and we're willing to pay for it if we are.� Now, right now maybe is not -- I don't think the government's exactly flush but, you know, I think those are the issues to talk about and I certainly don't think -- obviously, the role for government in providing infrastructure is really central to the whole process.
SCHRAMM:� Question in the back.
QUESTIONER:� You suggested that we could just take Friedman and Schwartz off the shelf and apply the lessons today.� I'd like to suggest there's a one -- at least one key difference between the 30s and today, and that is in the 1930s there was no deposit insurance.� There are no doctrines of too big to fail.� So what's happened in the current crisis is that we've been -- insured the banks. �
They've reduced the amount of capital they hold and there's been increased risk taking so that the size of the losses are, at least by my calculations, in the 30s were about 2 (percent) to 3 percent of GDP, now well above 10 percent of GDP.� It becomes a question of how you're going to actually distribute those losses in part of this -- problem of the dialogue is we're talking about bailing out banks instead of bailing out depositors, which is really what's going on I think. �
But the real question becomes one of political economy because you have to -- before you can resolve the question of the banks you have to resolve the question of who's going to pay for them -- pay for -- pay for the -- pay the cost of shutting down the insolvent banks. �
LUCAS:� I avoided this bank bailout issue in my 15 minutes and there's a reason for it.� I don't really get it.� Some of the problems you're talking about about deciding who gets paid and who doesn't, that's the whole function of bankruptcy law is to deal with that in an effective way.� Now, it may be that the kind of neighborhood effects of the bankrupt banks are sufficiently different from the neighborhood effects of a bankrupt auto company -- that they need some kind of special treatment. �
But then it seems like the right public policy is something that -- maybe some kind of accelerated bankruptcy proceedings.� Just to say make them well on all the money they've lost over this thing, I just -- I do not get it and I know of -- I don't know whether we're headed that way or not.� I hope not.� Now, what was the first part of that?� (Off mike exchange.)� Oh, the differences with -- I did want to say something. �
I think Friedman and Schwartz have got a lot to tell us about the current situation.� There's certainly plenty of differences between the '29 to '33 period and the present period besides magnitude, the whole role of who provides liquidity which was then more or less completely confined to cash and commercial bank deposits as, you know, partly because of the '70s inflation spilled out into the shadow banking system, which is, you know, unregulated and which the Fed has no special responsibility for.� And so there's been a lot of improvising in that dimension.
I said I was going to not deal with moral hazard.� This is not the right time to worry about too big to fail, you know?� What I'd say now is the failure of the bank is going to cause spill over effects that deepen this recession and so on, it's now -- keep them alive.� We're going to come out of this with a new regulatory structure, a new set of incentives and we're going to have to kind of start from scratch anyway.� So in terms of you bailing out a bank and setting up incentives for the next 30 years for bank behavior, that's not what's going on right now I don't think.
QUESTIONER:� Bill Beech from the Heritage Foundation.� The other side of fiscal policy is tax policy, the other side of spending is tax -- as apart of fiscal policy.� What's your view right now as to the appropriate tax policy we should be taking?
LUCAS:� Again, I think it's -- I didn't like it when the Bush Administration talked about tax cuts because it was going to jumpstart the economy.� I liked the Reagan/Bush tax cuts, I like reducing marginal tax rates on -- you know, the tax on savings basically.� But that just like the bridge building, it's not something specifically tied to the present recession.�� You know, he likes -- wants new bridges, so let's build one now.� I like long term tax cuts so let's do that now, but let's not pretend that we're doing it primarily for temporary recovery from this recession.� We're doing it for more deeper reasons, I think.� You see what I'm saying?� When you sit down, I lose track of who I'm speaking to.� (Laughter.)� Kind of melt into the crowd.
QUESTIONER:� My point is when is the best time to do it?
LUCAS:� Yeah.
QUESTIONER:� (Off mike) -- competing for labor and capital.
LUCAS:� You know, what I think -- I'll tell which thing is this -- we're going to build the bridges now so they won't be worn out five years from now and so we'll cut a tax cut or we'll redeem the bonds, the bridge bonds during that period when all our bridges are in tip top shape and we don't have to build any.� Just move the financing and the building across time.� And that makes some sense.� But, anyway --
SCHRAMM:� Jonathan, you have a question here.
QUESTIONER:� I'm not sure I understand you quite right on the bank bailouts.� You think that the bankruptcy laws should just be able to take effect in regular course, let them go bust, and then reorganize and --
LUCAS:� No.
QUESTIONER:� -- move on with a new regulator regime?� Wouldn't the lag time --
LUCAS:� All I said --
QUESTIONER:� Yeah, that's why I'm not quite sure I understood your answer to -- I know you wanted to avoid it in you 15 minute speech but --
LUCAS:� No, no.� I --
QUESTIONER:� -- little more clarity on what you think we should do about the banking crisis and whether you think the PPIPs are the right way to go right now.
LUCAS:� Well, the bankruptcy will work perfectly and smoothly in simply transferred assets, productive assets that people can use them better than I -- but bankruptcy is a slow process and it's a complicated process and it's a process that I don't know anything about.� So people who do know about it are reluctant to just let that happen.
So I think if there's a reason for that, I think it must be because they're not happy with the -- and you seem to say the same thing, you don't think that the existing bankruptcy law and procedures are up to the job for, in this situation.
QUESTIONER:� I think the argument is --
LUCAS:� So maybe --
QUESTIONER:� -- of time elapsed; in other words, if job one is to get credit flowing again, you got to get the toxic assets off the balance sheets so that these banks can start lending to other banks which can then in turn lend to businesses and people so that the economy can head up again.
(Cross talk.)
LUCAS:� It's just a non-sequitur. �
QUESTIONER:� So you don't think the --
LUCAS:� You don't have to fix up every bank in the United States just to get credit flowing.� Credit's going pretty well right now, and if half the banks went under, the other half would take over the business.� Bankruptcy doesn't take bankers and their equipment out and shoot them or anything.� It just transfers -- (laughter) -- control from the current shareholders to a new crowd.� My bank's changed names five times in the last 10 years and they didn't miss a beat.
SCHRAMM:� Question in the back.
QUESTIONER:� Bob James, I'm a businessman.� You mentioned Shumpeter here a couple of times and I happen to have studied under him, and I know there's one thing you can be sure about, he would have agreed with you that taxing to me to get government to spend money, he did not think was very effective.� As for the Caines(ph) and multiplier and so on, he didn't talk too much about that.� And I don't blame him because I don't remember anybody at Harvard at that time, this was right after the war, that paid any attention to Shumpeter.� I was a Harvard Business School graduate at the time and some of what he had to say sounded very, very good to me.
So question, what do you think he would recommend at this time?
LUCAS:� I should ask you or Carl.� Between the two of you, you could probably answer that question.� I just haven't any idea.
SCHRAMM:� Well I think that --
LUCAS:� (Inaudible).
MR SCHRAMM:� -- Shumpeter would be telling us that we're missing a particular ingredient in this economy, and that is the entrepreneur.� And we've had a surge of what has been called, and I'm complicitous in this description, entrepreneurial capitalism, the nature of capitalism to some extent has changed in 25 years.� Unless you discard that, appreciate that there are a lot of people who are ready to discard capitalism at the moment.� It is a dynamic and robust, but not unwoundable social or economic phenomenon.� But that's what he would be pointing to and I think his impulse would be to say the notion of too big to fail if we execute that you basically buy into slower growth rates because it will dampen the ability of firms to undertake the transformation of the economy.
Last point I'd end with is this, one third of GDP when we used to have growth in GDP -- (laughter) -- one third of our GDP, static GDP, comes from firms that did not exist in 1980.
LUCAS:� Yeah, bankruptcy's the American way of life.� Think of all the great corporations that have disappeared in our lifetime.� Oh, I'm sorry.
SCHRAMM:� Yeah, go ahead sir.
QUESTIONER:� Bob Lifton.� You start with a concept of a norm of GDP growth.� It seems to me that in the last number of years it became clearer and clearer that the business model for America is under question.� And the question is what is the growth of America?� Where's it going to come from?� And can you make an assumption of a normal GDP?
If you were to erase the last five to seven years of overstimulation and over borrowing and the craziness that went on, I don't know what the real GDP would have been during that period.� And I think when you look forward, you have to ask yourself the question what is the basis for our growth as a country?� Maybe the entrepreneurship can help but I don't know what the normal GDP is anymore.
LUCAS:� Well, I'm not doing anything fancy, I'm talking about the average growth rate in the United States, I think in my last calculation from 1870 to 2006.� And that's 3 percent.
If you look at subsets of that period, for example, in the 1920's and the 1960's are both on that same curve and so after all of the displacements from during the Depression in the '30s and World War II, we can back to essentially the same trend line that, there were some forces that are bringing us back to that trend line, or close to it.
So I just think it's part of the system.� Now, is it going to be continuing?� Who knows?� You know, I just don't -- I don't see how you can answer that question.
QUESTIONER:� (Off mike.)
LUCAS:� That term's kind of used a lot of in the shares, you know, the share of manufacture shrunk, the share of agriculture shrunk, the share of services grown, that's -- (inaudible) -- change, certainly happened.
Certainly a lot has changed, I mean, our world is a heck of a lot different from what it was in 1928, no one denies that.� But the stability in real GDP growth is -- it's been around for a long time.
QUESTIONER:� (Inaudible.)
LUCAS:� Well what about that?
QUESTIONER:� (Inaudible).� I mean, it was based on the belief system that what happened in the past will happen today --
LUCAS:� Sure.
QUESTIONER:� -- but the world, but our world has changed dramatically and the question is whether that belief system is still reality?
LUCAS:� Mine's still going strong.� (Laughter.)
SCHRAMM:� Seen a black swan lately?� We have a question here.
QUESTIONER:� Chuck Rooney (sp).� I wanted to ask about your concept about taking the punch bowl away, and we could get a consensus how to do that.� And I thought as I recall Volker didn't want to take the punch bowl away and he went to the BIS meeting in Bucharest or Budapest wherever it was, and they put the slam on him.� And he came back and he really slowed money growth.� And did Premier Wen Jiabao do the same thing for us recently.� Do we need a consensus or do we have Wen Jiabao?
LUCAS:� Okay.� My -- I believe Volker and I was reinforced by talking with Alan Meltzer who knows more about history of the Fed than anybody I know.� His view is Volker's a courageous guy who did the right thing because he believed it was the right thing.� And then he got supported by President Reagan because the Federal Reserve is not -- independence is not something that's going to be there automatically forever.� And, you know, I don't know the detailed history of that at all, besides what Alan tells me.� I don't know if --
SCHRAMM:� Question here.
LUCAS:� Uh-oh.� (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER:� Ed Prescott, Arizona State University.� There's one area I'm a little bit confused.� there seem to be that a little shuffling of assets -- you know, I own a little bit less of some, a little bit more deposited in the bank's going to make much of a difference at all.� There's plenty of assets out there for the transaction purposes and it just A goes up and down; B goes down and up on the two assets.�
LUCAS:� What do you mean by asset?
QUESTIONER:� I don't see how the money does anything real.
LUCAS:� What do you mean there's plenty of stuff out there?� Like we could all sort of start trading in gold?
QUESTIONER:� I'm saying that I -- when the Fed gets my junk bonds, and I get deposits in my bank, where's the -- it's just changing my portfolio a little bit, changing the Fed's a little bit, and I guess our banks -- and my bank's portfolio.� These are all -- there's nothing real.� They're just bookkeeping entries, I mean, sort of shifting assets around.
LUCAS:� Shifting assets around when liquidity's involved -- I mean, is seems like what you're saying is that Lehman Brothers couldn't have failed.� Liquid assets have the property that -- I hold them because I know I can pass them on to the next guy.� Why does he take it?�� Because he knows he can pass it on to the next guy.� And that's true of U.S. currency, I'm going to go take my money into Walgreen's, you know, and get in an argument about whether or not they're going to accept it or not.
But all these probably created liquid assets seem to me to be analogous to kind of unregulated money or private money -- used to be called inside money.� And it does matter.
SCHRAMM:� John, we have a question in the back.
QUESTIONER:� John --
(Cross talk.)
LUCAS:� -- let me off that easily.� (Laughter.)
QUESTIONER:� Yeah, I guess I was going to continue on that.� You mentioned money deposited in banks and to me, money saved, how can it possibly detract from demand?� If that money is in a bank, it has to be lent out preferably to an entrepreneur or business but it might be lent out to someone who's got immediate consumptive needs.� What difference does it make where the money is?
LUCAS:� I thought that was my line but -- (laughter) -- a lot of people say -- and I think this is something to think about, you see if you agree.� This huge amount of reserves that Bernanke's put out there is almost all still in the banks.� So there's huge excess reserves in the whole banking system.� So it's not like the days when that reserve constraint was binding and new reserves get turned into demand deposits and M-1 quickly.� That's not happening anymore.� But nonetheless -- so the growth in M-1 and M-2 is nowhere near what it would've been if people had been lending out up to the reserve requirements.
So you have to look at separate numbers to see if it's coming out in people's actual cash balances, and it is, but not nearly as much as you'd get from looking at the size of their reserve injection.
So we're talking about spending, I think people's cash balances are related to their spending behavior and it's got -- so if it's just sitting in banks, not effective business or individual behavior, it wouldn't do anything I don't think.� Caines used to talk about that as hoarding -- you know, if people take their money and stick it in a mattress, it might as well not be out there. Does that make sense?
QUESTIONER:� I guess I just think as long as it's in the bank, it doesn't make any difference, unless you are putting it under a mattress, you are not hording it.� And if banks are restricting their lending, that is a market signal that we have to respect I think that says that we are going to be more judicious about lending that out and that means that it gets to the right people rather than just aggressively lending for no good reason.
But once it's in there, it's got to go somewhere.
LUCAS:� I don't think, well, maybe so, I don't know.
SCHRAMM:� Well, we're coming to the end of our session and I'm going to reserve the right for the last question and here it goes with great trepidation.
You know, if you're with an eminent economist, and someone asks with the first question, well what about the Lucas air term (ph), you are greatly worried about asking a question like this because I'm going to talk -- I'm going to ask about the Lucas paradox.� And, you know, economists -- when in the presence of an eminent economist -- not like surgeons, you know, I cut up people as good as you do -- but real economists who can call other economists schlock economists have to once in awhile tolerate a question from the meatball economist.� And here it goes.
The Lucas paradox, as I understand it, suggests that poor countries do not draw the capital that they should given their human capital and natural resources reserves that they should rationally, that money from richer countries should go from their investors to poorer countries because of these advantages.� But they don't happen, according to the Lucas paradox again, with all my caveats but I may not understand it just right for two reasons, one of which is sovereign risk.
And the question that I put -- I think it rings with the question back here that Mr., I believe, Bernie asked and we wait for the Chinese to push this question at us.� What is the sovereign risk assessment these days when a government might move forward and at least the theater of the government today is they're determining who will be president of General Motors.
Does this dampen people's certainty about how the rules work neutrally or are our rules looking as if they are politically driven?
LUCAS:� Sure.� I mean, that's a central issue right now isn't it with the bank bailouts, you know, large amounts of money's being handed out to private corporations, and without any particular structure to it.� It's certainly not something you want to live with forever on the long run.
When -- one of the things we came out -- (inaudible) -- in the New Deal was Glass-Stegall and some kind of banking regulation structure that let us have a safe banking system and an innovative financial sector outside the banking system.� Seems like that combination has to be re-established or something like it now because the present -- the way the Fed is operating right now is definitely not something that we want to carry in day in and day out, is it?
SCHRAMM:� Yeah, but it -- it probably goes to this question of we now have a new term in the last 10 days, systemic risk --
LUCAS:� Yeah.
SCHRAMM:� -- and some institutions are holders of systemic risk and we have to shelter them differently than other institutions which presumably are not so systemic.
LUCAS:� Yes.� What Glass-Stegall did was to take the commercial banking system, insure it, regulate it, and in particular put serious restrictions around the kinds of assets in a hold.� And the idea was that the team of certain amount -- it had to be done through the commercial banks so it was going on outside and the investment banks and investment sector were something that didn't have anything to do with liquidity provision or the payment system.� And that was kind of more or less true for years.� I mean, there hadn't been a run on commercial banks since the 1930s.�
But it wasn't true that the liquidity provision could stay within this regulated sector, it was too lucrative to pull out of the regulatory sector and put some of those funds into higher yield assets.
Now select Fed -- regulation is no longer functional.� If it were we wouldn't be in this situation I would say.� So somehow -- this is not going to be easy.� You can't -- we can't just regulate institutions by their names -- commercial banks can do this, other -- you know, you've got to describe the functions that are being regulated.� You can't just change -- if you just change the name of your company, it shouldn't liberate you from regulations.
So that problem is still in front of us.� And I think it's a good one.� I mean, I don't know how it's going to be resolved.� Maybe we'll go back to Friedman's old scheme of 100 percent reserves, that's a regulation for you -- (laughter) -- outlaw modern banking entirely.
SCHRAMM:� Well, on that happy note, I want to thank you -- (laughter) -- on behalf of the audience.� (Applause.)


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Time exposed
1:14pm Wednesday 30th January 2013 in Letters
I APPLAUD Joyce Watson's letter castigating Jamie Adams' decision to reshuffle Councillor Huw George instead of dispensing with him altogether.
If we live in a demorcacy then surely our elected members should be accountable to the electorate.
Perhaps Huw George could learn from his own experience in his new post and not spend so much time in front of the Telegraph reporter's camera, thus making more time for important activities?
However, it seems that Joyce Watson's voice on the Hywel Dda debacle over the downgrading of Withybush has been unsurprisingly muted. Could it be that our ruling party, ie Welsh Labour Party, have gagged her and left us all 'speechless'.
Yes, that is about it!
Apparently we have no voice and the consultation was all a charade.
The journey to Carmarthen for new babies could be detrimental to their health.
We all know how long it can take on the A40 which is unlikely to be upgraded.
Mothers of premature babies will have to leave their family commitments and stay in Carmarthen in order to breast-feed their babies for an unforeseen length of time.
It will be a very sad day for Pembrokeshire mums if the new proposals are accepted.
I look forward to being enlightened on either of the above issues.
SANDRA YOUNG by email

subset: commoncrawl


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Servings: 4-6 servings
Prep Time: 8 min
Cook Time: 25 min
Difficulty: Easy
1/2 cup buttered soft breadcrumbs
pinch of pepper
3/4 teaspoon salt
1/4 cup fresh parsley, chopped
1 cup chopped onion
1/4 cup sliced stuffed green olives
3/4 cup half-and-half
6 hard-boiled eggs, diced
1 cup soft breadcrumbs
1 cup mayonnaise
1 (6 1/2 -ounce) can crabmeat, drained
olive slices, for garnish
Preheat oven to 350 degrees.
In a large bowl, break up the crabmeat in chunks. Add the mayonnaise, soft breadcrumbs, half-and-half, eggs, onion, olives, parsley, salt, and pepper, and fold together. Divide the mixture among greased individual bakers or spoon it into a 1 quart casserole dish. Top with the buttered crumbs and bake for 20 to 25 minutes. Garnish with olive slices.
I love everything I have looked at. Can't wait to try them. Yours fans love you Paula. Keep up the good work.
By Linda on August 05, 2013
I luv you Paula and I'm taking two of these recipes to try. Thank you for sharing. Happy Easter to you and yours.
By ReenDarr on March 29, 2013
By Karen kiker on August 29, 2011
Made this last night. Very good. Similar to crabcakes but with more body. Loved the olives in it.
By Deana Allary on June 08, 2011
I love this recipe with the olives, however it really seemed to work better as a crab "dip" rather than a casserole. I will definitely be keeping this recipe to make again in the future!
By Maria on May 26, 2011
By Anonymous on September 15, 2010
By Anonymous on September 15, 2010
I made this yesterday, and liked it ok, but wished I had left the olives out of it. I like olives, but didn't like the taste they gave to this casserole.
By Anonymous on August 26, 2010
Outstanding. If you love crab cakes, you'll love this recipe. Will disappear fast!!
By Anonymous on April 05, 2010
By Anonymous on February 25, 2010
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Temur Suluashvili was born in Russia and raised in Republic of Georgia. At age 15, he began his ballet training at the V.Chabukiani Academy. During his years at the Academy, Mr. Suluashvili was a finalist in the Republic's first dance competition and received a Certificate of Achievement. At a young age, Mr. Suluashvili was invited to perform in the company's productions of the Nutcracker, Giselle, Don Quixote and Blue Bird (Sleeping Beauty).
In September 2000, Mr. Suluashvili came to United States thanks to a full scholarship with The Joffrey Ballet School in New York and in the summer of 2003 he was a finalist in The New York International Ballet Competition. Later that summer, Mr. Suluashvili joined The Joffrey Ballet in Chicago.
Since joining the Joffrey, he has danced leading roles in many ballets: including La Bayadere (Solar), Giselle (Albrecht), Ashton's Cinderella (Prince), Yuri Possokhov's Don Quixote (Basilio and Espada), Lar Lubovich's Othello (Iago), Cranko's Romeo and Juliet (Benvolio) and the Nutcracker Prince in Robert Joffrey's The Nutcracker.
Mr. Suluashvili originated the leading pas de deux in Yuri Possokhov's Bells and Adagio as well as the 3rd movement in Stanton Welch's Son of Chamber Symphony. Other significant performances include Christopher Wheeldon's Continuum, After the Rain and Carousel A Dance, Edwaard Liang's Age of Innocence and Woven Dreams, James Kudelka's Pretty BALLET, Val Caniparoli's Incantations, Jiri Kylian's Forgotten Land (Black pas) and Return to a Strange Land, Kurt Joos' The Green Table (Profiteer), Gerald Arpino's Reflections, Sea Shadow, Kettentanz, Light Rain, Round of Angels, Viva Vivaldi and Postcards Antony Tudor's Dark Elegies and Offenbach in the Underworld, George Balanchine's Stravinsky Violin Concerto (Ari 2) and Square Dance, Jerome Robbin's In the Night and The Concert (husband), Les presage(Fate), Crossed, Valses Poeticos, Twyla Tharp's Nine Sinatra Songs and Laurenci Pas d'Action among many others. When he is not performing, Mr. Suluashvili enjoys photographing dancers on stage and in the studio. A selection of his photos have been published in the New York Times. Mr. Suluashvili is married to the beautiful Victoria Jaiani, also a dancer with The Joffrey Ballet.
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Avastin is a commonly used therapy for new blood vessels growing from myopic macular degeneration. Avastin injections have been evaluated for safety in multiple studies for a number of eye diseases. Blank spots in vision are not a commonly reported side effect of Avastin eye injections. Likewise, increased retinal atrophy has not been reported as a side effect of this drug. Your blank spots could be from progression of the myopic macular degeneration. Another possibility is that the Avastin caused regression of the new blood vessels, and this may have contributed to your perception of increased blank spots. Due to this reason, future injections may lead to further worsening of the blank spots, so please discuss this possibility with your managing retina specialist. Conversely, the blank spots may worsen without injections as well depending on their cause.
Genetics contribute to age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), so if your daughters have dry ARMD, your sons are also at higher risk for developing the disease. ARMD is also age related, and this disease more commonly manifests itself with increasing age. No clear link has been established between ARMD being more common in either men or women. Though most scientific studies have not found that ARMD is more common in either men or women, a handful of other studies have demonstrated a slight increase in prevalence of ARMD in women.
Your symptoms could be caused from a variety of conditions, some benign and some vision threatening. However, the vast majority of both types of conditions would be detected on an exam. For example, a scratched cornea can usually be picked up on an exam. AREDS vitamins have only been shown to be beneficial for patients with a certain type of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). If you do not have ARMD, the oral supplements may be of unclear benefit. You may find value from a second opinion by a retina specialist especially if you have swelling near the macular or retinal blood vessel changes. Please take your records from your first exam to your second opinion appointment.
The exactly link between aspirin and worsening of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is not known. Three well designed studies have reported a possible association between aspirin usage and worsening of ARMD. Likewise, three other independent well designed studies did not find this relationship. Thus no clear relationship has been defined between aspirin and ARMD. You should discuss your concerns with the physician prescribing the medications and continue taking the aspirin until you talk with him/her. Importantly, do not stop the aspirin unless it is recommended by the physician who regularly prescribes your blood thinners.
Wet age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) can cause vision loss for a variety of reasons, but most of these reasons are not treated with surgery. The prognosis and visual recovery depend on the exact reason why the wet ARMD caused vision loss, and exactly what surgery is being done. These questions are best directed toward your retina specialist, as the amount of damage done to the retina by wet ARMD, both acutely and chronically, can widely affect the possibility for visual recovery down the road.
No link has been established between high elevation and progression of dry age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). The only environmental factor that has strong association with ARMD is cigarette smoking.
There are reports linking warfarin use with development of wet age-related macular degeneration/macular bleeding. According to a 2003 research report in Heart, Volume 89, issue 9, p.985, it is recommended that the international normalized ratio (INR) be kept on the lower end of the recommended range in patients with a history of or recent diagnosis of wet macular degeneration/macular bleeding. Your eye doctor can provide you with more detailed information about your specific situation.
Many types of hereditary macular degeneration can affect young children, and the prognosis varies considerably depending on the exact type of macular degeneration. Your niece may benefit from evaluation by an academic retina center, and also evaluation by a low vision specialist. An academic center may be able to help establish a firm diagnosis for your niece. Strong academic centers in India include L. V. Prasad Eye Institute in Hyderabad and Aravaind Eye Institute in Madurai. Your retina specialist may be able to send your nieces' retina photos for an opinion from specialists at either of these or other centers. Moorfields Eye Hospital in London has a particularly strong inherited retinal disease department as well. A low vision specialist can help your niece maximize her existing vision. With training and assistive devices from a low vision specialist, your niece may have an easier time reading, taking notes, and completing other tasks of daily living. Your current retina specialist can likely give you a referral to a local low vision specialist. Most large eye centers have therapists with this expertise on staff.
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Find and book great restaurantsFind a Restaurant
|Andaz, 40 Liverpool Street, London EC2M 7QN
|020 3544 1644
|Price: £58.00
|Wine: £21.00
|Champagne: £62.00
|Opening Hours:
|Mon-Fri 7-10am 12N-2.30pm 3-5pm 6.30-10pm Sat 7.30am-12N 3-5pm 6.30-10pm Sun 7.30-12N
This review hasn't been rated yet.
I booked 1901 after reading Square Meal's glowing review and couldn't believe it had received a star. Although the staff were numerous and desperate to please, the service was haphazard and slow. The standard of food was average with tiny portions and high prices. My guests paid for the meal and I was left feeling embarrassed to have made the recommendation. Square Meal mentions 'live music'. Not on this evening when we were subjected to soft orchestral piped music, with a horrible version of 'Je t'aime' coming through the speakers on arrival! My only positive comment would be that the room is beautiful with a magnificent stained glass ceiling from the hotel's days as a grand railway hotel but the atmosphere is about as warm as a station waiting room.


text:
Route Guide - iPhone / Android - Partners - Forum - Photos - Deals - What's New - School of Rock
Select Route:
To find the route, stay on the Bear Creek Trail past the first major rock formation (Bear Creek Spire) until the trail is only about 30ft. above the creek. The S. Dino Egg has a slabby east face with a large chimney (Hatch) and on its SW side, a steep face with large huecos on the left side. Scramble up easy 5th class terrain via an obtuse dihedral to get to a nice ledge with several large boulders, below Sneak Preview.
5 bolts to two chains.


text:
According to a 2007 study by TCIA, the biggest challenge expressed by members is finding and keeping good employees. Now in 2012, it still seems that reliable, qualified, skilled employees are in short supply in many areas. So how do you find and keep good employees? Here are a few tips:
Finding Good Employees:
- If you already have a successful (and reliable) employee, ask him or her to keep their eyes open for possible prospects. If you trust their judgment at work, you just might trust their judgment in others.
- Look to local schools as an opportunity to develop a relationship. You can introduce students interested in arboriculture to the industry, while also bringing new people into your business. And who knows, maybe they'll return during summers, enjoy the job, and refer their friends.
- Take advantage of your website, the want ads, our Tree Care Industry JobBoard, classified ads in TCI Mag, and word-of-mouth.
- Check with your state's Department of Workforce Development office. During this tough economic time, these agencies provide job placement services without charge to the employer to assist unemployed or under-employed individuals in their search for work.
Keeping Good Employees:
- There should be more to a job than the paycheck. Employees appreciate benefits like growth opportunities, flexibility in scheduling, a congenial atmosphere, and more. Address more than just the basics and you'll keep your workers satisfied.
- Don't let your employees think that it's just a job … emphasize that it's a career that could be long and satisfying, with the right amount of work.
- Take advantage of technology. Enhance your team communication via email, voicemail or social media to keep your employees informed.
- Establish a good rapport with your employees. You know the old adage "treat others as you would like to be treated." By establishing yourself as a good boss, you'll help build a good team.
Remember that good companies, no matter their size, spend the time and energy to build a solid team. If you have more specific questions, please feel free to contact Bob Rouse, Vice President of Industry Standards & Credentialing, at 603-314-5380.
Do you have suggestions about finding and keeping good employees? Share 'em below!


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Lynchburg, VA - The "Live Healthy Lynchburg" movement got a big boost after the Centra Foundation gave them $220,000.
One of the things they'll use that money for is a mobile produce bus loaded with fruits and veggies from Lynchburg Grows and other local producers.
That bus will go into what has been dubbed "food deserts" in the city, or places where people don't have access for fresh produce.
Leslie Hoglund with the Health Department says they looked at models like this in bigger cities and decided it was a easy solution to a big problem in the Hill City.
"I think as it gets going we are going to see more synergy and more excitement around it and hopefully the community will respond in a positive way."
The fresh food bus should be up and running by next year.
The Centra Foundation grant money will also help fund a physical activity bus for the YMCA, the Chamber of Commerce's Work Healthy web portal, Playworks training for Lynchburg City School elementary school teachers and a new healthy living exhibit at Amazement Square.


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Mitchell Canyon, 2009
For the past few years I've been going to Mitchell Canyon in the spring to look for wildflowers. It's a fantastic spot: you get a wonderful variety of woodland and grassland flowers as you hike up along the stream, and as you get higher you start getting scrub species, and at the top along the Eagle Peak trail you get a bunch of odd, semi-alpine species. Fun stuff.
This year I think I was a little earlier than usual. No Mt. Diablo fairy lanterns blooming, no pipestem (and sadly no Orobanche), but so many other wonderful things were out in force. I think the highlight of the day for me was the Mt. Diablo jewelflower, a tiny, scrappy little flower found only on Mt. Diablo. I'd seen it a few years back, but this time I found lots of them. Very cool.
Weather was overcast, occasionally rainy, and real windy. Forecast for Sunday was t-storms (which have not come to pass, damn you wunderground), so I figured clouds were better than getting zapped. Still, some weather made it feel like an adventure.
I might head back in a few weeks to see some of the later stuff. So many things to see there.


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Guest Star: Devin The Dude Credits Rap-A-Lot For Igniting The Indie Game
Thursday, Apr 22, 2010 11:50AM
In this Guest Star blog former Rap-A-Lot artist Devin the Dude discusses how his ex-label led the way for the current wave of independent record companies in the rap game today.
It's almost a no-brainer in these times with technology and how it is and how easy it is to record and promote things on your own without a major record label. A lot of labels are springing up and to wait around for a major deal is probably not a really wise thing to do when you can go out and create something and get it to be your own.
It's like Houston, with Rap-A-Lot, it really was the base of what made up an independent company as far as rap. That was like the mold almost. When you think about it, Rap-A-Lot showed a lot of people how to open up an independent record company and how to maintain it and keep it moving.
So a lot of people in Houston, well, Texas in general has been looking at that mold and kind of copying that over the years, so, they have been doing that since the early 1990's and now it's 2010 and you can only imagine all the seeds that have been sprouted since then. And that's why it's so huge out there right now as far as having an independent record company out there in Texas.
But then again, it is the more the merrier, it just depends. Every situation ain't the same. So I wouldn't say having an independent record company is far better than having a major label contract deal. It really just depends on what you're looking for and what's happening with your situation. ---as told to Senior News Writer Cyrus Langhorne


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I KNOW that this conversation will, can, and has gone on for ever but this is just one of those moments where I can't help myself to not express- $7K for THAT?! Good grief! I know, I know- craftsmanship, material, attention to detail, la de da de da… but good Lord! But hey, if you (as in anyone) are willing and able, then more power to ya! :-D
AshleyG – I completely agree, and I just don't get it… I am at a loss for words anymore when it comes to Hermes. I don't own an Hermes handbag, but I do own a belt and a Collier de Chien cuff bracelet (both gifts from my husband), but I am still not enamored enough to buy one of their bags. I'll stick with my Delvaux…
I love this purse! It's on my wishlist and its just a matter of time before I get it!!
Okay, I've dropped a pretty penny or two for my Chanels, etc. But 7300 for a glorified messenger bag? Hermes is on some ish.
How many poor kids could she have bought shoes for, or fed, paid some college tuition for. I can't stand people like that.
I was looking around for a messenger bag, when I spotted this woman at a department store with a bag that I thought would be perfect. In a beautiful French accent, she told me it was Hermes. (The Jypsiere) It was the smaller version, black, and she was wearing it crossbody. It had an equestrian look: great with tall riding boots in the winter. I took a look at it in a Hermes store, and didn't love the long flap across the front, but the leather is beautiful. The price seems too high for a more casual bag, however, I still have it on my long wish list.
This picture is not a great representation of this bag. It looks best as a cross body and you miss the detail looking at the back of it. The most that I've paid for a Chanel bag is in the $4,000 range so it is extremely difficult to consider paying almost twice as much for a bag. Having said that, this bag was so captivating to me in person that I plan to EBay some of my Chanel bags to get one.


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Rudy Fernandez, Top Playoff Defender???
The link is a Hollinger story about the Grizz, but on the side bar, he picks out some of the playoffs top defenders, and gives Rudy some praise, "Rudy Fernandez, Portland: Yes, Rudy Fernandez. J.J. Barea was one of Dallas' best offensive players in the regular season but hasn't done squat in this series, and Fernandez has been guarding him almost the entire time. Fernandez has picked up Barea deep in the backcourt and defended him closely on the dribble; while it seems on paper like this might be a disastrous plan, it's proven quite effective in preventing the speedy Barea from gaining a head of steam." I guess Nate isn't the only one seeing good defense out of Rudy.


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Shree Maa is a Hindu mystic who was born near Kamakhya, Assam, India from where she traveled to the US in 1984. Together with Swami Satyananda Saraswati, Shree Maa teaches the meaning and method of worship through the tantric traditions of prayer and meditation.
Family Background:
She descended from the family of the famous Bengali mystic Ramprasad Sen. Shree Maa's great uncle was Atulananda Saraswati, a renunciate who never married, but spent his entire life wandering from place to place. One of her aunts was Renuka Sen, a famous poet and friend and inspiration in the life of Rabindranath Tagore.
The author of her biography, Swami Satyananda Saraswati, writes that she was born in the year when there was a great earthquake in Assam. Many records were destroyed in the quake and so there is no factual evidence to verify any date of birth. He adds that her birth could be somewhere between 1938 and 1948, although it could be easily be earlier or later.
From her earliest years her only desire was to meditate, merging her own being in the universal being the Hindus call Brahman (God). Inspired by the 19th century Bengali mystic, Sri Paramahamsa Ramakrishna, she left her family home, and started living in the forests and foothills of Kamakhya and the Himalayas where she performed intense sadhana.
Meditation and Penance:
She meditated for long periods without moving and became absorbed in the silence of deep meditation. During this period, she had no food except sandal paste mixed with water, tulsi (basil) leaves and occasional juice fed by devotees. Because of her intense tapasya (austerity), her weight reduced to 60 pounds. People who saw her in samadhi (deep communion with God) for hours and days at a time, called her the Goddess of the River, or simply the Respected Holy Mother.
Journey through India:
After several years, she began to travel throughout India in temples, forests, fields and homes, conducting pujas and worships to the Divine Mother, reading from the Chandi, the famous scripture on Durga, and singing bhajans (divine hymns). In 1980, in a small temple in Bakreswar, West Bengal, met Swami Satyananda Saraswati. After this meeting, the two traveled together throughout India, preaching dharma.
Departure for America:
It was in the early 1980s that Shree Maa, in communion with her guru Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, was instructed to move to America to share divine love and to teach the meaning of dharma. In 1984, with no capital and few possessions Shree Maa and Swami Satyananda Saraswati left the shores of India for the West Coast of the United States. Shunning self promotion and publicity, they lived a very simple life dedicated to daily worship, preferring to own little, and to offer all to God.
Fame and Followers:
They undertook the Sahasra Chandi Yagna, a three year fire ceremony and worship of the Goddess, without setting foot outside from the humble temple grounds they established in Martinez, California. The temple itself contained numerous beautiful murtis, statues fashioned from clay by Maa and Swami's own hands. As word of Shree Maa's presence in the Bay area spread, thousands of seekers found their way to the humble grounds of the Devi Mandir.
Her Teachings:
Shree Maa teaches that every home is an ashram, a place of worship, every resident is a priest or priestess, and that all acts of life can be service to God and expressions of devotion. Life itself is worship. Shree Maa has recorded of her own compositions, songs of Ramprasad Sen, and traditional Hindu Mantras such as Om, Gayatri, and Navarna.
Books About Shree Maa:
Her biography, entitled, "Shree Maa: The Life of a Saint", by Swami Satyananda Saraswati was published in 1997. Shree Maa has been featured in a book by Linda Johnsen entitled "Daughters of the Goddess: Women Saints of India" published in 1994. She has also been featured in numerous articles in magazines and newspapers.
For more information visit www.shreemaa.org.


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1. Will David Clarkson do anything in his first game against his old club?
Clarkson left the Devils this summer to sign with the Toronto Maple Leafs in free agency and Friday night marks the first meeting with his former teammates. Will he doing anything to mark the occasion?
2. Can the Avalanche avoid back-to-back losses?
Colorado has played 14 games this season and have won all but two of them. The Avalanche have yet to lose consecutive games this season, but could if they fall to the Calgary Flames on Friday night.
3. Will James van Riemsdyk play center and, if so, how will he do?
Toronto is injured up the middle, with Dave Bolland and Tyler Bozak out for sometime. That leaves a huge hole at center, which Randy Carlyle will attempt to fill with van Riemsdyk. JvR has yet to play center at the NHL level but has played the position at lower levels of hockey. How's this gonna play out?
4. Will the Anaheim Ducks remain unbeaten at home?
As was pointed out to me, the Ducks were way too low in our power rankings this past week. My bad; Anaheim enters Friday night with the most points in the NHL, a three-game winning streak and an undefeated record at home (6-0-0). They'll look to improve that mark against the last place Buffalo Sabres.
5. Will the Nashville Predators score four goals or more against the Winnipeg Jets?
Yes, the Predators have scored four goals or more in three straight games. Weird times these be. The normally offensively inept Predators have found a scoring touch and we're interested to see if they can extend it to a fourth game.
More from SB Nation NHL:
• NHL could change rules after Caps-Flyers brawl
• The Sabres could be historically bad
• College puck coverage at SBN College Hockey
• The Goal: The rivalry between two high schools where hockey is life


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Bloggin' Rick returns this afternoon and is more Bloggin' Rickier than ever.
In today's post he discusses the addition of Montrezl Harrell, what each player on the team needs to do in order to improve his jump shot, Louisville's overall success in the Big East, the Belmont, the relationship between gambling and expensive ties, the NBA playoffs, Cardinal football, and the moves to WDRB by Eric Crawford and Rick Bozich.
Potentially my favorite BR post of all-time. Here's a snippet:
Montrezl Harrell - 6-8 with a 7-4 wingspan. Plays every minute like it's his last on Earth. Just a tremendous addition to our front court. He will compete and make Chane, Gorgui and Zach better every possession. One of the aspects of great players is they influence each play in some positive way. This young man flat out plays hard. I'm extremely excited to have him in our program.
Practice Begins
Our first week of individual instruction was very productive. Our focus was on correct form with our player's jump shots. Each player has a minor flaw and we made great headway toward correcting those. Here's a breakdown on our players that are healthy and here for this summer session:
Peyton Siva: He's worked diligently at developing proper form. We do a shooting drill at the end of individuals; two balls and three shooters. They are on the move from the clock for two minutes. Our record was 35 and it was broken by Peyton, Russ and Kevin. I was shocked to see these three do it. Peyton missed two shots during the rapid fire in the shooting drill. It's not only difficult to break 30, but it's an extremely tough conditioner.
Russ Smith: It's interesting how much Russdiculous has changed in two years. Upon arrival as a freshman, we witnessed someone who didn't' like the weight room and could not bench press 125 pounds. He now does 185 lbs., 17 times. He had a contest with pull ups vs. Peyton. Peyton got 35 but told Russ, who has gained eight lbs., that he weighed 15 lbs. more. Russ put on a sand bag around his neck and did 36. Pretty amazing! We are not only concentrating on his form, but trying to cut down on his off balance shots. He's stronger, wiser and a lock-down defender. He's maturing into a fierce competitor. Real proud of him.
Kevin Ware: The third member of the trifecta that broke the record. He's made the biggest strides in improving his shot. Pretty similar to Russ as a freshman, in that he's weak and doesn't enjoy the weight room. It's always the same. As they get stronger you witness a different attitude. He is an explosive athlete and I've witnessed noticeable improvement on offense. He must get stronger and work harder when he fatigues. That will come with maturity.
You get the sense that Pitino is every bit as excited as we are about everything that's going on right now.


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23486 Posts in 18995 Topics by 2878 members
General Questions
SilverStripe Forums » General Questions » If != question
General questions about getting started with SilverStripe that don't fit in any of the categories above.
Moderators: martimiz, Sean, biapar, Willr, Ingo, swaiba, simon_w
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Re: If != question
18 February 2009 at 6:30am
I'm sorry, but I think that the lack of something as basic as a 'not equal to" comparison operator or even a simple 'isNull' check in the template code is not really keeping things simple. The fact that I have to write a whole new NotEquals() function inside the model in order to reproduce a very basic != comparison operator can hardly be called simplifying things. And I don't think preventing programmers from using a != in their if statements makes the template code any easier to read than standard PHP code.
Also, I'm not convinced that allowing PHP code inside the template means that the controller will become useless. It simply means that it is possible for the programmer to code in a way that makes the controller useless, but if the programmer wanted to stick with the MVC architecture, they could just as easily write clean MVC code using PHP in the template to control the view, and move any database/business/etc logic into the model/controller. I don't buy the argument that allowing PHP code inside the View will make the templates any less readable, PHP itself is a template language to begin with, why re-invent the wheel? IMHO a good tool is one that is flexible enough to allow you to get things done the way you want and also allows you to become more productive in the process - I don't think templating langauges offer either of these advantages.
Anyway, we could argue about this all day and not come to an agreement. I just want to be clear that I'm not bashing SilverStripe. I really do love this CMS and how easy-to-use it is for the non-technical end user, especially when compared to other CMS like Drupal, Joomla, and even WordPress. They clearly put a lot of thought into the WYSIWYG editor, making it extremely simple for users to create links, insert images, and re-arrange content - something that I've always found lacking in most other CMS systems. I also love how easy it is for a programmer to extend and customise the system. My only gripe is their decision to force the programmer into using an extremely limited, non-standard templating language, instead of simply allowing us to code PHP directly inside the templates.
Well.... actually another gripe I have is how the online documentation is structured - it's quite difficult to find the information you need at times, I also think the search engine for the documentation and forums could be improved. But I will leave this rant for another time ;-)
Otherwise, I am absolutely in love with this CMS and will continue to use it and recommend it to my friends/clients!
Community Member
598 Posts
Re: If != question
18 February 2009 at 6:42am
I think you have some valid points, particularly about the !=, I agree that should be in the template system along with a couple of other things (did I mention passing variables? ;) ).
From the point of view of someone who was relatively new to most of the concepts involved when I started learning SS, I think it really helped to know that there was a specific way of working and the templating system played a big part in that. However I can see that if you are an experienced developer, being limited in this way could be frustrating.
Anyway I think we can both agree that SS is generally great
Forum Moderator
5508 Posts
Re: If != question
18 February 2009 at 9:26am
There is a discussion (or was) about improvements (including !=) to the template parser on the google dev mailing list. It has also been mooted to rethink this whole thing. http://groups.google.com/group/silverstripe-dev/browse_thread/thread/718c3d9e1454d344/379905881e3ec976?lnk=gst&q=template+parser#379905881e3ec976
Wow that was an old discussion but most points there would still be vaild.
Re: If != question
18 February 2009 at 9:22pm Last edited: 18 February 2009 9:23pm
Okay, here's a problem I just came across with the templates. Maybe I'm just stupid and cannot find an answer in the documentation/forums, but this is what I am trying to accomplish... I have the following code in one of my templates (code has been simplified for the sake of clarity):
<% control Thumbnails %>
<% if NewRow = 1 %>
<% else %>
<% end_if %>
<% end_control %>
NewRow is a function inside the Model. I am trying to compare a value returned by NewRow to see if it is equal to '1' and then create a new row in the table to display the data. Problem is that it seems SilverStripe does not allow me to call the NewRow function from within the <% control %> block. So, it seems that the only alternative for me is to create the TD code inside the Controller and then pass the final HTML code to the View for display. One could argue that this is View logic and shouldn't be put into the Controller, so how would I go about making this work inside the View code? Is there a trick I need to know in order to call the NewRow function from within the Control block?
This is why I dislike templating languages so much, something that should be extremely simple to do with PHP, takes a much longer time to figure out using the template language.
Many thanks!
Community Member
787 Posts
Re: If != question
18 February 2009 at 9:23pm
To reach the parent context ... you can use $Top .... e.g. $Top.NewRow
Re: If != question
19 February 2009 at 12:22am Last edited: 19 February 2009 1:49am
Thanks Fuzz10, but it still doesn't work properly. Here is the code:
<% control Children %>
<% if Top.isNewRow %>
<% else %>
<% end_if %>
<% end_control %>
And here is the isNewRow() function code in the Model:
var $counter = 0;
function isNewRow()
if ($this->counter < 5)
return false;
$this->counter = 0;
return true;
This code produced one huge table with one long row, it was not incrementing the counter variable and recognising that a new TR should be written after the 5th record.
I added a line into the isNewRow() function to check if it was being called correctly, something like this:
echo $this->counter;
When I refreshed the page, sure enough, the echo function only outputted the $counter variable's value once, so it seems that isNewRow() is only getting called once, even though it is located inside the Control loop and there is more than one item in the array that is being looped through. I've also tried moving the function into the Model instead of the Controller, as mentioned by someone in the forums (I think that post was actually yours Fuzz10), but that didn't work either. Any idea what could be wrong? How can I make sure that isNewRow is called during each iteration in the loop?
Re: If != question
19 February 2009 at 5:57am
Okay, I've tried all kinds of possible solutions and have read through a plethora of forum posts and documentation, but it seems there is no way around this issue except by creating a new function inside the controller that grabs the list of the pages from SiteTree and generates the HTML table code. The template will then call this function, which returns the contents of the HTML to display in the page.
This is a pretty ridiculous workaround and once again it is due to limitations with the templating engine. Unless, of course, I'm an idiot and I've completely overlooked something here and I really do hope I have missed something - because this is a lot of work for something that should be very simple to do - so somebody please tell me what an idiot I am and point me down the right path. If I haven't overlooked anything, then this is a perfect example of why forcing us to use a template engine instead of enabling us to code PHP directly inside the templates results in many headaches for programmers and with the workaround I have to use now, I am not even following the MVC architecture that the template engine is supposed to help me to do. Please, for the love of god, let us use PHP inside the templates! I beg you! It's not only for my own selfish reasons, but from the perspective of the SilverStripe developers, allowing PHP in the template means that you will no longer have to deal with anymore posts from idiots like myself asking you stupid questions about how to use the template engine and this will free up your time to answer other much more interesting questions as well as add cool new features to the CMS
Community Member
787 Posts
Re: If != question
19 February 2009 at 10:06pm
Well yeah, this is a good example of the template system being too simple. I once had a similar situation and solved it by iterating over the dataobjectset and modifying it with meta-data by using the customise() function. This is pretty dirty as well but at least prevents you from spitting out HTML in your controller.
I agree the current template engine is a bit too simple.....
However, when working in teams where different people have different responsibilities I love the cleanliness and ease of use of a structured template system....
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Release Date: 2009 |
Went a little crazy with album recommendations. Oh well.
Feedback on the review is appreciated.
A very nice review, enjoyed reading it.
Pos'Digging: The Cure - The Head on the Door
Digging: The Cure - The Head on the Door
Thanks man. Hope it helped you figure out what your stance on the band was.
Listened to this a while back, Revival slays. Tech death ain't my thing, but these guys are sure good at it.
this just LOOKS like something id wanna check out. good review. pos
band rulesDigging: Immolation - Dawn of Possession
Digging: Immolation - Dawn of Possession
Album Rating: 3.5One of the most underrated death metal bands of our times
If you're into any of the bands mentioned in the recs, or death metal in general, check these guys out. There's a definite melodic influence (à la Amon Amarth) for a lot of the album. The technical aspect is just really well-done.
Edited review, fixing some grammatical mistakes.
Album Rating: 3.5More of a Morbid Angel melodic infuence i would say.
I'm not too familiar with them. I should check them out, though.
Album Rating: 4.0 | Sound OffAlbum rules.Digging: Savage Grace - Master Of Disguise
Digging: Savage Grace - Master Of Disguise
Album Rating: 4.5this slays.
Album Rating: 4.0just decent vocals awesome instrumentals
is this deathcoreDigging: Megaslaughter - Calls From the Beyond
Digging: Megaslaughter - Calls From the Beyond
Whoa, had no idea there was such a band from Poland lurking around... found out about them only this instant. Gotta check them out
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Gallery Ex Voto
634 E. Market St.
Gallery Ex Voto is a new gallery in East Market. The artist collective is featuring an artist who works in unusual media. The result: sensuous shapes and color.
"Similar to encaustic paintings, my works are mixtures of oil, wax and tar layered on wood," Monique Motiff says. "When I paint, I am forever drawn back to nature and the landscape as an escape from the ever-changing modern world. Though nature is constantly in flux, it consistently nourishes and embraces us all and reflects a part of life that is peaceful and reassuring." —Jo Anne Triplett


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One Response to "I live in London"
debz (wills mum!) Says:
November 7th, 2006 at 21:42
I'vediscovered how toget all those questions answered that I want to ask but never remember when I see you! Love the panda bear clip. Ay poss you may have a mo' to post it to me so I can share it with others? I'm proud and jealous of you working with the Gaurdian.! A paper I've read for the last twenty odd years! Actually I'm in the middle of compiling a piece at the mo for them and will give it a whirl…about reality and virtuality…the effect of the internet on our communities….just realised we're in the midst of a massive social change……….as a result of going to a wierd bonfire party! Glad you're living with Will and would love to come and see what you have done to the flat..everyone says its great. One day when I have the money and the time. Happy working, wondering,writing and willing! Debz


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web hosting Port Blair Use preheader substance to make better consumption of e-mail previewers. E mail marketers contact the initial few words from the email's entire body a "preheader." A number of well-liked e mail clientele, such as gmail, show this information on a single series as the subject, so it can get the reader's consideration.
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Here's a clip from the upcoming reboot/re-imagining/re-whatever-you-want-to-call it of The Thing; this one directed by Matthijs van Heijningen Jr., and starring Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Joel Edgerton, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, and others.
The below clip features a sequence involving Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje's character, named Derek Jameson. Watch it and see if you can guess what happens next. Will he fall fate to the "brotha rule," or live to see another day like Keith David in John Carpenter's 1982 version?
The film opens on October 14th, so I guess we'll have to wait to find out then... well, maybe a little earlier for some of us :)
Get More: Movie Trailers, Movies Blog
Jug | September 8, 2011 5:59 AM
@Betty-Nah, he dies near the end...ironically kinda like Keith David in the 82 version.
Betty Chambers | September 8, 2011 5:04 AM
Oh, but does he die first? Curious minds want to know.
@Kia - I was terrified of watching any Alien movie even as an adult. I don't think I've watched the entire film yet.
Kia | September 7, 2011 9:52 AM
Some movies just need to be left alone, The Thing is high on that list. The 1982 version was so frightening (to me) that I had to wait until I grew up to watch it lol.
Jug | September 7, 2011 7:21 AM
@Meem-Curious, what did MediaTakeOut say about him?
(and that's not the most reputable site anyway) LOL
Meem | September 7, 2011 7:12 AM
Ewww, looks like he's become a real fatty. I guess Mediatakeout was right about him after all. Hmm, disappointing.
Jug | September 7, 2011 7:08 AM
Hate to be the bearer of bad news, but everyone dies. It's a prequel to the Kurt Russell joint, where they find everyone has died from the other Norwegian camp.
Sorry :-P


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Super Bowl XLVII is two weeks away, with the Baltimore Ravens and San Francisco 49ers just starting to celebrate their conference championship wins earning them their berth in the title game. But, that doesn't mean the betting lines aren't already established. The 49ers have been established as a five point favorite in the opening lines tonight.
Here is all the pertinent data you need for the game:
Super Bowl XLVII
San Francisco 49ers vs. Baltimore Ravens
Host City: New Orleans, Louisiana
Stadium: Mercedes-Benz Super Dome
Date: February 3, 2013
Kickoff Time: 6:30 EST / 3:30 PST
TV Coverage: CBS
Announcers: Jim Nantz, Phil Simms
Odds: 49ers by 5
National Anthem: Alicia Keys
Halftime Show: Beyonce
Tickets: TiqIQ
SB Nation Coverage: Niners Nation | Baltimore Beatdown


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Natalie Portman is among a group selected for honors this year by the Independent Film Project; others honored will include actor Stanley Tucci and director Kathryn Bigelow (The Hurt Locker). (The Envelope)
Each of the honorees has a lengthy career in independent film; Bigelow has alternated between offbeat and art-house fare ("The Loveless," "Near Dark," "The Weight of Water") and Hollywood products ("Point Break," "K19 The Widowmaker") throughout her career. Her most recent effort is the critical and festival hit "The Hurt Locker."Oscar-nominee Portman has also kept a foot in both worlds, with credits including "Garden State" and the "Star Wars" prequel trilogy, while Tucci -- one of the top character actors working today -- has maintained an interest in independent film from both sides of the camera. As an actor, he has appeared in features including the recent "Julie and Julia," the upcoming "Lovely Bones," "Road to Perdition" and countless others. He has also directed or co-directed such indie favorites as "Big Night," "The Imposters" (both with Campbell Scott) and the upcoming "Hunter."