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Hornbecks Creek Trail Partial Closure
The trail is closed between the first and second waterfall; a portion of the trail has sloughed off, causing a hazardous condition. The first waterfall is accessible from the 209 trailhead and the second waterfall is accessible from Emory Road.
River Road Closure
Starting on Monday, September 8, River Road will be closed from Park Headquarters to Smithfield Beach while contractors complete pavement repairs. Access to Smithfield Beach will still be possible. More »
Visitors, Money, Jobs for Local Economy
Contact: John J. Donahue, 570 428-2418
Contact: Deb Nordeen, 570 425-2432
BUSHKILL, PA - A new National Park Service (NPS) report shows that 5,285,761 visitors in 2010 spent more than $151.2 million in Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area and in communities near the park. That spending supported nearly 2,500 jobs in the local area.
"The people and the business owners in communities near national parks have always known the economic value of their parks," Superintendent John Donahue said. "Delaware Water Gap NRA is a clean, green fuel for the engine that drives our local economy." Donahue added, "We believe that a good economic environment in the local area helps enhance the visitor experience and protects resources."
Most of the spending/jobs are related to lodging, food, and beverage service (52 percent) followed by other retail (29 percent), entertainment/amusements (10 percent), gas and local transportation (7 percent) and groceries (2 percent).
The figures are based on $12 billion of direct spending by 281 million visitors in 394 national parks and nearby communities and are included in an annual, peer-reviewed, visitor spending analysis conducted by Dr. Daniel Stynes of Michigan State University for the National Park Service.
Across the U.S, local visitor spending added a total of $31 billion to the national economy and supported more than 258,000 jobs, an increase of $689 million and 11,500 jobs over 2009.
To download the report, visit www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/products.cfm#MGMand click on Economic Benefits to Local Communities from National Park Visitation and Payroll, 2010.
The report includes information for visitor spending at individual parks and by state. For more information on how the NPS is working in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, go to www.nps.gov/state/nj and www.nps.gov/state/pa.
Did You Know?
... that in the 1750s, the northwest border of New Jersey (now Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area) was a frontier of the English colonies. In the French & Indian (Seven Years) War, a string of forts protected these settlements. The sites of seven of these outposts are in the park. More...


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CalaMijas Hotel
No availability found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
Travel Blogs from La Cala de Mijas
Visit of Marbella and Torremolinos for a day
... to the car and drive back to Nico and Riet's house. They had already prepared a BBQ and we got the table ready to have dinner. It was great to spend our last evening together and talk till late. They're real nice people and in some way I feel so at home with them. The feelings of my early youth are real strong even if I was so small, the accent of Rotterdam and the way they behave has a real impact on me !! I feel real close to them ! 7th We had ...
Ronda to Seville
Visited a Bull fighting arena this morning - it was built in the 1700's and was a pretty impressive place, although I can't get my mind around the sport. Also had a museum which was well done and there is a riding school there, too. Don't know that it was dressage, Lisa. We are now relaxing around the pool at the hotel as our train ...
Granada to Ronda
Caught the train to Ronda at 12:45pm. Very pleasant 3hour trip and we were staggered by the number of olive plantations - as far as the eye could see and almost the whole trip. Checked in to Hotel Paradores, and realised we had left our passports and my purse in the safe at Granada. What more can go wrong!! Di decided we needed to rest and have a G and T ...
Sinfully delightful day on the beach!
... and spices (like a Swiss raclette), followed by a hot fish seafood soup. Back to the beach for siesta! At 7:30pm the beach cushions were being gathered up, so we had to move! We sat down for a drink outdoors at our hotel.
I nearly choked on my tea when the customer near me at the little boutique dropped his pants to try on different shorts on sale. This was ...
My Waterloo
... go......crash, bang, wallop. Bugger!! Another chance to drag the bike around in the gravel and back up the little slope. I'm absolutely knackered so take the easy route around the hill up to the top. Revenge will be mine. We spend half an hour riding continually up hill, constant switchbacks in the gravel, it's amazing how concentrating on staying upright on a bike frees your mind of everything, totally calm. We reach the top of the summit and then get the chance ...
How has this hotel rated in the past?
- Continental Breakfast
- Suites
- Room service
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Restaurant
- Swimming pool

subset: commoncrawl


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Item #39715
Our Cicilia Embroidered Burlap Pillow boasts a classic quatrefoil pattern, rendered in embroidery across a burlap field. The down insert offers superior comfort. Add pops of color from the living room to the bedroom with embroidered pillows.
Product Details
Home Decorators Collection
4675 East Liberty St.
Mexico, MO 65265-9804
Moroccan Tile Burlap Pillow
Bathhouse Decorative Pillow
Was: $50.00
Now: $45.00
Printed Burlap Safari Pillow
Custom Corded Square Pillow
$44.00 - 69.00


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Excellent Sea View Apartment
Apartment | 2 bedrooms | sleeps 5
|Key Info
New onto the holiday rental market, this privately owned well appointed 2nd floor apartment with 2 large sized double bedrooms, and a large communal swimming pool. Just check out the Photos to see how nice the apartment is.
It is located in the charming village of Oroklini. The Apartment offers all that you need for that great relaxing holiday in the sun.Ssituated on the east side of Larnaca just 10 minutes away with easy access to the Airport 15 minutes up the motorway. Nicosia is just 30 minutes away and 45 minutes to Limassol. To visit the famous mosaics, tombs of the kings and the many museums Paphos is just 75 minutes away.
This Apartment is NEW onto the Holiday Rental Market but is not the only property in our portfolio. We know what our customers want for there holiday. So we provide that. It is professionally managed and very well look after.
|Sleeps up to 5, 2 bedrooms
|Will consider
|Long term lets (over 1 month), Short breaks (1-4 days)
|Wheelchair users
|Family friendly
|Great for children of all ages, Suitable for people with restricted mobility
|No pets allowed, No smoking at this property
Features and Facilities
|DVD player, Sea view
|Air conditioning, TV, Video player, CD player
|Kettle, Toaster, Iron, Hair dryer
|Cooker, Microwave, Fridge, Freezer, Washing machine
|2 bedrooms, 1 bathrooms of which 1 Family bathrooms
|Double beds (2), Cots (1), Dining seats for 4, Lounge seats for 6
|Linen provided, Towels provided, High chair
|Shared garden
|Parking, Wheelchair users
Availability Your dates are available
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This advert is created and maintained by the advertiser; we can only publish adverts in good faith as we don't own, manage or inspect any of the properties. We advise you to familiarise yourself with our terms of use.
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Top Teachers: Mesa Hinkle
Glen Allen E.S., first grade
Mesa Hinkle found her inspiration as a student inside a Henrico County elementary school. Today, she shares it with her own students inside a Henrico County elementary school.
Hinkle has spent 29 years as part of the county's public school system – 13 as a student at Trevvett, Brookland Middle and Hermitage High and 16 as a teacher.
Now in her sixth year as a first-grade teacher at Glen Allen Elementary, following one year at Dumbarton E.S. and nine at Carver E.S., Hinkle is as excited as ever about what she does and about the children she teaches.
"It's really special to watch them grow from September though June," she said. "It's amazing to see the progress that they make with their reading and writing. They're so enthusiastic, and they get excited about everything and anything."
Hinkle recalled being called to a career in teaching when she was a first-grade student herself, in Suzanne Boswell's class at Trevvett Elementary years ago.
"She had a love of learning and was able to present things in different ways for different learners," Hinkle said. "She made learning fun."
Now, Hinkle is the one passing on those lessons to her own first-graders.
"She is a loving, guiding, nurturing teacher and it shows in her daily instruction and interactions with her students," one nominator wrote. "She makes learning fun while challenging her students to be the best they can be."
Said another: "Her high expectations and dedication to the success of each student has impacted my son, who is currently in her class. She is willing to try new things and use a variety of approaches to meet his needs."
Hinkle stays in regular contact with the parents of each student and uses small-group differentiated instruction as a way to effectively reach students who learn at different speeds or who have different needs. Her positive attitude and frequent encouragement to her students were cited by several nominators as strengths.
"As a former teacher, I recognize how positive she is in her dealings with children - accentuating the positive every day," one nominator wrote of Hinkle. "The reaction of my grandson is obvious. All teachers should have the commitment to their profession and respect for children that Mesa has."
Author, child abuse survivor to speak at Henrico event
To help celebrate twenty years of service to advocating for abused and neglected children in Henrico County, Henrico Court Appointed Special Advocates, Inc. (CASA) will host an evening with bestselling author K.L. Randis on Tuesday, Aug. 26, from 5:30 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. at Belmont Recreation Center in Lakeside.
Randis is best known for her bestselling novel, Spilled Milk, which tells her painful – but ultimately triumphant – personal story of abuse and of child abuse prevention. The book is her first novel.
Philippines ambassador to the US visits Filipino Festival in Henrico
The Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States Jose L. Cuisia, Jr. attended the Ninth Annual Filipino Festival at Our Lady of Lourdes Church earlier this month. Cuisia (pictured above with festival performers) was welcomed by County Manager John Vithoulkas and Brookland District Supervisor Dick Glover (below) at the church, which is located in Lakeside.
While enjoying some of the cultural performances at the festival, the ambassador and his wife had a private lunch with Vithoulkas, Glover, Eldon Burton (an outreach representative from U.S. Senator Mark R. Warner's Office) and Father James Begley, the pastor of OLL. > Read more.
Dragon boats invade the James
Hundreds of spectators filled the banks of the James River to watch two dozen teams of competitors in the Walgreen's Richmond International Dragon Boat Festival at Rocketts Landing Aug. 2. The event included a number of races, as well as several cultural performances. The sport is billed as the fastest growing water sport in the world.(Photo by Roger Walk for the Henrico Citizen) > Read more.
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Weekend Top 10
For our Top 10 calendar events this weekend, click here! > Read more.
'Planes' sequel crashes
'Fire and Rescue' proves too predictable, boring
Planes: Fire and Rescue opens with a dedication to the hero firefighters of the world. It's an admirable notion, and it makes sense, given that this is a film about planes that fight fires.
But here it might be a little out of place, as Planes: Fire and Rescue has a few things on its mind besides supporting the men and women who routinely throw themselves into burning buildings.
Like money. Lots and lots of money – into the 11-figures-and-counting range. In case you weren't aware, 2006's Cars was the biggest moneymaker Disney had in decades – not because of how much green the film printed at the box office, but because a combination of toys, games and snack foods stamped with the Cars seal of approval routinely pulls in tens of billions of dollars per year. > Read more.
Weekend Top 10
This weekend in Henrico, you can learn about fall herbs or mad science. Enjoy some laughs from West End Comedy or Three-Penny Theatre's production of "The Rivah Home Companion." For music lovers, Jennifer Nettles is in concert tonight and the fifth annual GWAR-B-Q takes place tomorrow at Hadad's Lake. For all our top picks this weekend, click here! > Read more.
Business in brief
Paver truck overturns, blocks lanes in the West End
Henrico Police wins first place in national and state challenges
Henrico programs honored by Virginia Association of Counties
Heller Award presented at Beth Sholom
- More News
Print Edition
Aug. 21, 2014Click here to read the print edition.
Weekend Top 10
'Planes' sequel crashes
Weekend Top 10
Restaurant watch
Weekend Top 10
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Obituary – Joella Wolfe Moreland
Obituary – Virginia E. Pierce
Obituary – Jean J. Remington
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Author, child abuse survivor to speak at Henrico event
Philippines ambassador to the US visits Filipino Festival in Henrico
Dragon boats invade the James
- More Community
Henrico supervisors erred in reviving public prayer
Letters to the Editor – Aug. 14, 2014
Lessons in parenting (Year One)
- More Opinions
Babe Ruth 13U World Series arrives in Glen Allen
RIR September race tickets go on sale May 23
Arena Racing USA seeking donations to 'Tickets for Troops'
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CalendarVisit the barn at Dorey Recreation Center, 7200 Dorey Park Dr., at 11 a.m. for a tour with Farmer Sheila. Sing farm songs, make a cow craft and walk through… Full text


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On the anniversary of both her birth and her death — she was born Aug. 29, 1915, and died Aug. 29, 1982 — LIFE.com presents photographs of Ingrid Bergman as she appeared in LIFE throughout the years. Read More
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An integrated, multi-sensor, Level 1 screening device is described, which system provides a next-generation Explosives Detection System (EDS) that enables high throughput, while drastically reducing false alarms. In exemplary embodiments, the present system comprises a non-rotational, Computed Tomography (CT) system and a non-translational, X-ray diffraction (XRD) system, both in an inline configuration.
1. An explosives detection system, comprising:
a housing comprising an entrance and an exit;
a throughput conveyor extending through the housing; and
an integrated, multi-sensor, screening device positioned within the housing between the entrance and the exit, the integrated, multi-sensor, screening device comprising:
a non-rotational computed tomography system comprising a first distributed X-ray source and a first detector in a stationary configuration; and
a non-translational X-ray diffraction system positioned inline with the computed tomography system,
wherein the throughput conveyor extends through the computed tomography system and the X-ray diffraction system and is configured to transport an object through the computed tomography system and the X-ray diffraction system at a substantially constant conveyor speed during scanning of the object.
2. An explosives detection system in accordance with
3. An explosives detection system in accordance with
4. An explosives detection system in accordance with
5. An explosives detection system in accordance with
6. An explosives detection system in accordance with
7. An explosives detection system in accordance with
8. An explosives detection system in accordance with
9. An explosives detection system in accordance with
10. An explosives detection system in accordance with
11. An explosives detection system in accordance with
12. An explosives detection system in accordance with
13. The explosives detection system in accordance with
14. The explosives detection system in accordance with
15. The explosives detection system in accordance with
16. The explosives detection system in accordance with
17. The explosives detection system in accordance with
18. The explosives detection system in accordance with
19. A method for detecting explosives, said method comprising:
placing an object to be scanned on a conveyor that extends through a housing, wherein a non-rotational computed tomography system and a non-translational X-ray diffraction system are positioned within the housing such that the conveyor extends through the non-rotational computed tomography system and the non-translational X-ray diffraction system;
transporting the object through the computed tomography system and the X-ray diffraction system at a substantially constant speed;
scanning the object using the non-rotational computed tomography system during the transport of the object; and
scanning the object using the non-translational X-ray diffraction system during the transport of the object.
20. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
21. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
22. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
23. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
24. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
processing data acquired with the computed tomography system; and
after processing the data, queuing the X-ray diffraction system to interrogate regions of interest within the object that are suspicious.
25. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
26. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
27. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
28. A method for detecting explosives in accordance with
This disclosure relates generally to screening devices for explosives detection, and more particularly to an integrated, multi-sensor screening device for explosives detection that provides high throughput, while simultaneously achieving low false alarm rates.
Conventional systems provide alternate levels of screening capability via different screening devices. For example, a CT system will be employed as an initial, or Level 1, screening device. If a threat is detected and cannot be cleared by on-screen review, the baggage may proceed to a secondary, or Level 2, screening device, which may be an X-ray diffraction system. If the alarm cannot be resolved, it may be required to open the luggage to manually inspect the item that is producing the alarm and/or use trace detection techniques to clear the bag. Each advancing level of screening requires techniques that increase the level of manual manipulation and involvement. Conventional systems do not integrate the Level 1 screening devices with the subsequent levels of screening that may be required, hence adding a time delay in screening baggage and requiring a complicated baggage handling system.
What is needed in the art is an effective, integrated, multi-sensor Level 1 screening device to replace the multiple levels of screening that have been required to date.
The above described and other problems and disadvantages of the prior art are overcome or alleviated by the present integrated, multi-sensor, Level 1 screening device. This system configuration provides an Explosives Detection System (EDS) that enables high throughput and maintains threat detection, while reducing false alarms.
In exemplary embodiments, the present system comprises a non-rotational, Computed Tomography (CT) system and a non-translational, X-ray diffraction (XRD) system, both in an inline configuration. The non-rotational, CT system incorporates a distributed X-ray source and detector, both configured to acquire energy-sensitive X-ray projection data, in a stationary configuration which reduces mechanical complexity of the gantry, reduces detector cost, and provides uniform imaging resolution throughout the imaging field of view (providing uniform threat detectability throughout the field of view). Conventional third-generation CT systems may also be utilized with the non-translational, XRD system in an inline configuration. Furthermore, it is not necessary that the CT system have spectral capability. However, in exemplary embodiments utilizing a spectral CT system, performance of the system may be enhanced relative to systems without spectral capability.
After processing data acquired with the CT system, the XRD system is queued to interrogate regions of interest (ROI) within the bag that are suspicious. The XRD system topology incorporates a distributed, non-translational X-ray source that provides inspection throughout the entire field of view. Without stopping or slowing the conveyor belt, X-ray diffraction information may be acquired from suspicious ROIs and is used to identify molecular signatures indicative of object type (threat or false alarm).
In exemplary embodiments using Spectral CT and XRD imaging technologies, automated threat detection, and a novel queuing technique, the new system will be capable of a scanning rate of 1000 bags per hour or more at an unprecedented false alarm rate. A Spectral CT system is one in which energy sensitive projection data is acquired, thereby augmenting the standard CT number reconstruction with information about material type (e.g. effective atomic number of the material).
The above described and other features are exemplified by the following figures and detailed description.
The presently described solution advantageously fuses data from multiple sensors, for example CT, energy discriminating X-ray detection, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) imaging, to meet desired detection and false alarm specifications. The generation of energy discrimination or energy sensitive information within the CT system concept is denoted as �Spectral CT�; this term has been used to represent the coalescence of both concepts. Moreover, the system topology represents a complete platform migration from rotational and translational technology to a totally stationary design, which represents a paradigm switch allowing the screeners to meet future requirements.
Novel, distributed X-ray source technology incorporated in a non-rotating system configuration, as described herein, provides dramatic improvement in image quality throughout the imaging field of view. This further provides uniform threat detectability throughout the imaging volume. Moreover, the exemplary system concept includes the fusion of multi-sensor information (for example, spectral CT and X-ray diffraction) to dramatically reduce false alarms relative to prior EDS. Accordingly, this exemplary design provides an inline solution, with all parts of the system operating with a constant conveyor belt speed. As a result, installation of these exemplary systems requires minimal impact on baggage handling systems as they are currently arranged.
Referring now to
One exemplary novel x-ray source for the presently described explosives detection system (EDS) for Level 1 detection comprises a non-rotating, distributed, multi-source tube for Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. Exemplary electron emitter architectures for the non-rotating X-ray source comprise: fixed beam (FB), magnetically steered beam (MSB) and electrostatically steered (ESB) beams. The exemplary fixed beam topology is designed to have a single electron emission site per required imaging focal spot; the latter two exemplary architectures will each have a smaller number of steerable electron beams that can be positioned at the desired location using beam controls and software.
Exemplary energy sensitive detectors 14 may be constructed from two layers of energy-integrating sensor technology. This topology allows simultaneous acquisition of spectral information, which mitigates issues incurred with designs that alternate high- and low-energy acquisitions. The main issue with designs that alternate high- and low-energy acquisitions is that slight misalignments along X-ray paths from the source to the detector will be masked as spectral information in the reconstructions of the effective atomic number within the imaging field of view. Other technologies for energy sensitive measurement include energy-sensitive, photon-counting detectors and novel beam filtering techniques, which could also be incorporated into the overall system concept described herein.
The XRD system 16 is configured inline with the Spectral CT system and is capable of maintaining inspection to meet the throughput requirement of at least 1000 bags per hour. To achieve this throughput, this system also comprises a distributed X-ray source that is capable of interrogating any region within the required imaging field of view to provide spectral diffraction signatures for subsequent threat classification.
An exemplary reconstruction engine employs helical reconstruction processes, for example utilizing helical cone-beam reconstruction, to reconstruct the entire volume of the baggage being inspected, at a resolution sufficient to meet detection requirements. The Spectral CT and XRD systems will acquire multi-sensor information, which may be combined as needed for automated explosives detection (AED). The need for helical scanning protocols for luggage scanning limits the utility of dual-kVp systems for spectral CT since the bag is moving longitudinally along the conveyor when each projection data are acquired (dual-kVp systems acquire projection data at two different operating voltages of the X-ray tube to acquire the energy-sensitive measurements).
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated at
Various exemplary components of the presently described explosives detection system will be described in the sections that follow.
Spectral Computed Tomography(CT)
An exemplary CT system component of the explosives detection system comprises a non-rotating system. In such exemplary non-rotating system, all requisite projection data is acquired by electronically gating source locations within a distributed X-ray source that completely encircles the imaging field of view.
Reference is made to
Note, however, that in the illustrated exemplary embodiment at
Spectral CT is an imaging technique that augments the reconstruction of the distribution of linear attenuation coefficient within the imaging volume using standard CT principles with a map of the effective atomic number (denoted as effective �Z�) within the same imaging volume.
Reference is made to
In exemplary embodiments, two acquisitions at different operating voltages of the X-ray tube (Dual-kVp Acquisition) are acceptable for acquiring the requisite projection data. However, a system concept using this method must contain multiple X-ray tubes with differing operating voltages or incorporate a means to rapidly switch the operating voltage of the tube. Dual-kVp Acquisition perform best when there is wide separation in operating tube voltages and when using axial scanning protocols (axial scanning protocols position the object with the field of view of the scanner, acquire projection data, step the object to a new position, acquire projection data, etc. until the entire object is scanned). To acquire the projection data required for spectral CT using dual-kVp acquisition and axial scanning protocols, the X-ray tube voltage is modified and another projection data set is acquired prior to stepping the object to a new location within the scanner.
Other acceptable exemplary methods for acquiring energy sensitive projection data focus on the detection subsystem, rather than complementary X-ray spectrum generation. Photon-counting detectors may utilize direct conversion material (for example Cadmium/Zinc/Telluride�CZT or Cadmium Telluride�CdTe) to convert X-ray photons into electrons, which are then collected by surrounding electrodes. The measured voltage corresponding to the collected electrons is indicative of the energy of the photon; hence, each photon's energy is estimated.
An alternate exemplary energy-sensitive detector configuration employs layered energy-integrating detector technology. In this configuration, the choice of scintillator material and its thickness affect the spectral deposition of energy in both detector layers. In one embodiment, the layer closest to the X-ray source detects low-energy X-rays, while the layer furthest from the X-ray source detects the remaining energy in the X-ray spectrum. This system configuration allows concurrent measurement of both high- and low-energy spectral data; however, the average energy separation of the projection data is reduced relative to photon-counting detector implementations.
The sections that follow describe the distributed X-ray source and the energy-sensitive detectors as components in presently described non-rotating Spectral CT system aspects. For exemplary embodiments, sections of both the distributed X-ray source and detector may be fabricated and incorporated into a bench-top system cable of full field-of-view imaging.
Distributed X-ray Source
In exemplary embodiments, a �fixed-beam� X-ray source, which employs a temporally controlled electron beam for each desired focal spot, is utilized. Such an exemplary configuration is advantageous from the perspective of cost, reliability, size, and speed.
Reference is made to
An exemplary X-ray source utilizes novel field emission technology for electron beam generation. Field emission (FE) devices based on carbon nanotubes provide several important advantages over conventional tungsten filaments and dispenser cathodes:
FEs may be fabricated as triodes, with integral gates micro-fabricated in close proximity to the emission surfaces, or as diodes, wherein external electrodes (gates) must be provided and positioned appropriately close to the emitting surfaces to limit the required voltage for switching the device.
In exemplary embodiments, the emitter 38 is placed in a structure to provide beam focusing as needed, as well as to provide protection from the potentially damaging environment of the X-ray source�with its combination of volatile gases and high voltage arc energy as has been disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,203,269 and 7,218,700, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. An exemplary design providing these features is illustrated in
As part of the X-ray generation system, an exemplary emitter array 38 shown in
In other exemplary embodiments, the distributed X-ray source is enabled for a high-output pulsed distributed target. While conventional fixed-anode industrial X-ray tubes are limited to about 3 kW for a focal spot in the desired size range, exemplary embodiments of the present source pulse the spots at a low duty cycle, allowing for significantly increased instantaneous power rating per spot location.
In other exemplary embodiments, the cooling design is simplified from conventional high-output tubes, which require high heat transfer coefficients at the cooled surface to remove the heat. Since in exemplary embodiments, the target is much larger than a conventional target, the heat transfer coefficient may be reduced dramatically, allowing cooling with straightforward duct flow. Such a target, operated in a pulsed mode with a low duty cycle, can provide dramatically more power capability than a similar single-spot stationary anode.
Estimates of system-level reliability and resulting reliability requirements on the components of this complex X-ray source show that even a 1,200-emitter source can be viable, since several redundancy mechanisms may be incorporated in the design to allow for one or more failed components.
Energy Sensitive Detector
Exemplary embodiments of the presently described spectral CT provides atomic number resolution sufficient to create new diagnostic information and thereby reduce false alarms. As noted above, exemplary system designs include dual voltage operation of the X-ray tube (Dual-kVp Acquisition), the use of photon counting X-ray detectors, and the use of energy integrating detectors.
Given the throughput and reliability requirements of an explosives detection system, exemplary embodiments that are currently contemplated provide a layered detector design. This design represents in principle a tradeoff of system reliability, cost, and required system throughput. Also, other exemplary embodiments utilize photon-counting detectors. Since embodiments of the presently described Spectral CT provides a map of effective �Z� of scanned objects as additional information to the reconstructed linear attenuation value, this technology may provide additional information to help reduce the false alarm rate.
Data Calibration & Decomposition
In order to obtain the map of effective atomic number (effective �Z�), the presently described system generally provides a more accurate system calibration as compared to single measurement systems. In an exemplary embodiment, a calibration corrects for detector imperfections by generating and storing system calibration coefficients. These coefficients may be applied to the scanned projection data, measured by both detectors in a dual-layer design. The resultant data may be reconstructed to produce maps of effective �Z� or material composition.
Traditionally, the CT system is calibrated with water or water-like materials to remove beam hardening and detector imperfection. In most of existing EDS, such a calibration is very much simplified or sometime non-existent. However, without accurate system spectral calibration, the accuracy of the computed effective �Z� value cannot be guaranteed.
In exemplary embodiments of the presently described configuration, an advanced phantom-less spectral calibration may be employed. In exemplary embodiments, only �air� data needs to be collected at several operating voltages of the X-ray tube (minimum of two voltages) to obtain the most important detector characteristics. Using the �air� scan data, information can be obtained on the detection efficiency ε(E) of each detector channel as a function of incident x-ray photon energy E. The functional form ε(E) of each detector channel may be used to compute coefficients for basis material decomposition, then to obtain the map of effective �Z�. The concepts for system calibration and material decomposition are described below.
System Calibration Algorithm
In an exemplary dual-layer detector system, for detector channel i, the measured signals in the first and the second layer are:
Where, SV(E, i) is the incident X-ray spectrum at a given operating voltage of the X-ray tube, d(E, i) is the X-ray attenuation due mainly to the scintillator in the first layer.
By expending ε(E, i) in polynomial forms, we have
Thus, the equation (1) and (2) can be re-written as,
This has been disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,086,780, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Equation (3) and (4) can be solved for all the X1's and X2's if the air data L1 V(i), and L2 V(i) are measured at 4 distinct operating voltages of the X-ray tube. With coefficients X's, the detector performance is appropriately captured.
Material Decomposition
With the measurement of ε1(E, i) and ε2(E, i) in the calibration process, we can compute the functional form or coefficients for obtaining the projection data for an arbitrary selection of basis materials�a stepping-stone to computing the map of effective �Z�. In the following equations, p1 and p2 are projection data measured in the first and the second detector layers, respectively,
Functional forms f1( ) and f2( ) can be determined by simulation since each detector channel is well characterized; the forms can be further adjusted with a reduced set of physical measurements containing a combination of material 1 and material 2, if needed. This has been disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,904,118, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Image Reconstruction
An exemplary simultaneous acquisition of multiple rows of CT data in a single rotation of a CT gantry has had a dramatic impact on CT imaging by allowing a substantial reduction in the time required to acquire the requisite projection data. Since speed is a design goal for baggage scanning, it is advantageous to provide this approach. Unfortunately, if too many detector rows are added, the reconstruction process becomes more challenging since the X-ray paths emanating from the focal spot of the X-ray source toward the detector elements can no longer be considered as being �parallel� to the mid-plane of the imaging system.
Exemplary CT scanner embodiments with 4, 8, and even 16 detector rows approximate the rays as parallel and may employ 2D reconstruction techniques (filtered back-projection), without significant loss in image quality. In exemplary design embodiments, four non-rotating, distributed X-ray sources may fire simultaneously�each onto a different collection of detectors. This topology increases the number of data rows that are acquired during a given time interval by a factor of four, without increasing the divergence of the x-ray paths (see
As noted above, and with reference to
An exemplary reconstruction process can be separated into two steps. In the first step, data interpolation is applied to convert the conebeam projections into a series of 2D sinograms�one for each slice in the volume to be reconstructed. Due to the acquisition procedure, conebeam projections are available for source points on four, interlaced helices for the exemplary embodiment shown in
The second step of the exemplary reconstruction process utilizes a modified fanbeam filtered back-projection algorithm that is applied to each 2D sinogram. Since the fan angle of the system is relatively large, application of a traditional pixel driven fan beam filtered backprojection algorithm can result in an increase in noise and aliasing artifacts near the edge of the field of view in the reconstructed images. However, these effects may be mitigated, e.g., by distance driven back-projection. This has been disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,724,856 and 7,227,982, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
While for computational efficiency reasons, 2D back-projection may be utilized in the reconstruction process. Reconstruction using a 3D back-projection process may also be used. Exemplary methods provide throughput capability that can accommodate higher throughput requirements. A first such exemplary method utilizes reconstruction of projection data from interlaced scan paths and is based on the Feldkamp/Davis/Kress conebeam reconstruction algorithm. A second such exemplary method utilizes projection data acquired from X-ray source locations sample that approximate a distributed surface source. This has been disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 11/726,023, 11/725,892, 11/725,876, and 11/725,891, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
In traditional rotating-source CT systems, the path of the X-ray focal spot relative to the object being scanned is a helix. However, the distributed X-ray source described herein provides the capability to fire the focal spots in an arbitrary order. This flexibility can be used to provide a much more gradual tradeoff between throughput and image quality. When the detector is too small to allow measurements of a given voxel from all possible view angles in a 360-degree span, the views that are missing may be spread uniformly around the span. For a helical acquisition, by contrast, the missing views would trace out a large sector and significant artifacts would result.
X-ray Diffraction(XRD)
Exemplary embodiments of the presently described XRD imaging system utilize a non-translational, distributed X-ray source. Such a system design provides increased accuracy, as well as faster and less bulky platforms relative to existing technology. Simultaneously, this system design dramatically reduces false alarms�reducing the screening provider's total cost of ownership.
XRD is a material-specific analysis technique that probes material structure on the molecular level. Momentum can only be transferred from the investigating photon beam to the sample when Bragg's law is fulfilled, nλ=2�d�sin(θ), where n is the diffraction order, d is a lattice spacing, θ is the angle at which X-rays are incident on the sample and λ is the photon wavelength. Exemplary embodiments may use energy-dispersive XRD, in which the angle of scatter, θ, is held constant and the scatter intensity dependence on λ is recorded with an energy-sensitive detector. Energy-dispersive XRD is much faster than angular-dispersive XRD where a pseudo-monochromatic X-ray source is used to probe the sample and standard energy-integrating detection technology is utilized to measure the spatial intensity distributed related to the diffraction signals.
An exemplary combination of appropriate collimation schemes for the primary and scattered beams with segmented semiconductor detectors permits simultaneous measurement of many diffraction profiles from varying depths in the suitcase thus providing a 4-D data set (3 space coordinates and 1 momentum transfer dimension). Such a system provides a high detection rate for organic and home-made explosives coupled with a low false alarm rate.
The exemplary distributed X-ray source corresponds to an �inverse fanbeam� geometry (small detector and arc-shaped source), which combines inertia-less X-ray beam deflection with a compact collimator and detector arrangement. The exemplary X-ray source is distributed and allows inspection along any fanbeam section connecting the source to energy sensitive detector, which is collimated to segment the strip of the baggage under inspection.
Exemplary core components of the XRD system�the non-translational detector and distributed X-ray source�are discussed below along with other components of the system:
In an exemplary embodiment, all of the components of the XRD system are mounted on a precision-machined steel gantry (not shown) that is stationary. Only the conveyor belt 70 moves during a scan. Components may be positioned with dowel pins and mounting holes such that they are pre-aligned and need no further adjustments. This exemplary arrangement further allows them to be swiftly exchanged (particularly modular X-ray sources) if replacement is required.
Primary Collimator
In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, x-rays that are emitted from the source 54 are focused by a bi-focal collimator 58 to two focus points coincident with the midpoint of the center location of the energy sensitive detectors. The primary beam is wedge-shaped and is deflected across the suitcase by appropriate choice of the activated X-ray tube. Once the coordinates of a region of interest (ROI) are known from the CT scan, the appropriate X-ray source may be electronically selected whose primary radiation beam most overlaps the centroid of the ROI position.
Secondary Collimator
An exemplary secondary collimator may provide the function of only allowing radiation at constant scatter angle from the primary X-ray beam to reach the detector in such a way that the depth coordinate of the scatter beam within the suitcase is coded onto the detector. The collimator may be manufactured from lead or tungsten alloys.
Distributed X-ray Source
An exemplary X-ray source assembly comprises 20 discrete stationary-anode X-ray tube heads that are powered by approximately 200 kV, 30 kW peak power HT generator and are selectively activated using a grid voltage supply. The overall operation is logically similar to that previously discussed.
Energy Sensitive Detector
In exemplary embodiments, small-angle X-ray scatter induced in the object by the primary beam is recorded in one of four segmented energy-sensitive detectors. Two detectors are positioned on one side of the primary beam plane, the other two symmetrically on the opposite side. The output of each detector segment is a pulse whose charge corresponds to the photon energy deposited in the detector. The detector pulse, which may be, e.g., approximately 3 microsecond (μs) duration, is routed through a pre-amplifier, shaping amplifier and analog-to-digital converter. After digitization, pulses from each detector segment may be fed to a 256-channel pulse height analyzer (PHA). The PHAs are read-out under computer control when the activated X-ray source is changed.
In exemplary embodiments, the presently described geometry is provided with an energy-sensitive detector having 3% full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) energy resolution at an energy of 60 keV, 75% detective quantum efficiency (DQE) at an energy of 150 keV and 40 linear segments of 0.7 mm pitch and 20 mm length. To meet these exemplary requirements and simultaneously relieve cost and maintenance concerns, instead of using, e.g., Germanium and its cryo-cooler, a Peltier-cooled �room temperature� semiconductor (for example Cadmium Telluride�CdTe) may be used.
Diffraction Profile Analysis Algorithms
Exemplary software may be utilized based in part on the Hindeleh-Johnson diffraction profile analysis method. Modules may include several pre-processing routines that correct for system-dependent and object-dependent data degradation effects. Moreover, the modules may compute such parameters for material characterization as:
The software may also include feature extraction algorithms, such as cross-correlation filtering. These techniques may be configured to reflect the fact that multi-attribute data is simultaneously available for material identification by statistical classifiers such as the minimum-distance classifier (MDC).
Concept of Operations
Certain exemplary aspects of the presently described multi-sensor, Level 1 screening system have been described in the sections above. This system comprises the integration of imaging technologies in an inline solution: CT, spectral information for effective �Z� determination; and XRD for molecular structure assessment. The following reviews the general concept of operations and exemplary techniques utilizing the multi-sensor information. Exemplary queuing of XRD by CT is followed by a discussion of exemplary techniques for multi-sensor fusion:
XRD Queuing by CT
There are several challenges for current, stand-alone XRD systems that limit their throughput capability. Since the XRD system is typically geographically separate from the CT system, an integrated pre-screener in the XRD system is required to acquire radiographic data that is used to register a bag being inspected to previously acquired CT data. This step is critical in that the threat location in the bag must be properly identified for XRD interrogation. Once the region of interest (ROI) is identified, the baggage must be moved into the XRD gantry and the X-ray source and collimator/detector arrangement mechanically positioned to traverse the ROI. Lastly, the XRD system illuminates the region with sufficient X-ray dose to allow further classification. The �system of systems� concept comprising a CTX9000 CT scanner and an XES 3500 XRD system, manufactured by GE Homeland Protection, Inc., is an example of such a product.
By contrast, the presently described concept is an inline configuration. Exemplary embodiments comprise an inline configuration of a non-rotational Spectral CT system and a non-translational XRD system. For example, once the bag is scanned with CT, it immediately enters the XRD system. The bag does not traverse several sections of the baggage handling system, which obviates the need for pre-screening and registration. Moreover, since in exemplary embodiments, the XRD comprises a non-translational X-ray source and �inverse fanbeam� geometry, every ROI within the bag can be interrogated without moving the X-ray source or detector. This technology enables a dramatic improvement in throughput. Finally, the co-location of the CT and the XRD sensors inside the same system, prevents the possibility of the baggage handling system (BHS) of mis-tracking the bags en-route from the CT to the XRD subsystems, which would significantly degrade the performance of the overall �system of systems�.
Exemplary concepts of operation comprise:
Segmented (3D) Spectral CT information enables estimation of the object's density, mass, and effective �Z�; these three quantities and XRD information are available for further classification, as described below.
Sensor Fusion
Exemplary threat detection subsystems utilize reconstructed CT image data that has isotropic spatial resolution. In more technical terms, the system point-spread function and spatial sampling are similar in all dimensions. Furthermore, the spatial resolution may be sufficient to resolve the smallest salient feature size of objects in luggage, i.e. a resolution capable of detecting the thinnest sheet threats.
Utilizing data acquired with the Spectral CT system, maps of the object's density and effective �Z� may be computed. In exemplary embodiments, a map of the variance may be computed with a reconstructed CT image as well as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/813,758, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The variance map is complementary to the density map: the density map is an estimate of the average density of each reconstructed voxel, while the variance map is an estimate of the variability within the same voxel. The variance map provides of a measure of confidence for the reconstructed voxel value, either density or effective �Z�. XRD information is also available for the ROI identified by the threat detection subsystem.
Technical Approach
In exemplary embodiments, the detection algorithm is fully three-dimensional for final evaluation of all threats. Separate algorithms may be used for detecting sheet and bulk objects, since sheet objects have one small dimension, and this fact can be exploited for more accurate segmentation.
Exemplary sheet segmentation may use a differential geometry tensor filter to enhance objects that are locally sheet-like. This filter improves the segmentation of sheet-like objects in luggage, even ones with high curvature, while providing a high degree of rejection of objects that are not sheet-like. In addition to the differential geometry filter, an exemplary connected components operator for sheet segmentation may use angular coherence instead of intensity similarity as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,031,430, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Exemplary bulk segmentation may use a connected components algorithm using CT intensity as the similarity measure. Features may be extracted from both the sheet and bulk segmented objects: mass, density, and effective �Z�. The variance of each of these measures may be computed using variance map information. For the effective �Z� maps, there is a good chance that some of the voxels will have contaminated �Z� information due to low photon flux caused by bag clutter. The variance maps can be used to identify voxels where this happens. In most cases, it is likely that the remaining voxels in objects will be sufficient to allow a single value of effective �Z� to be computed for the object as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/813,758.
Exemplary classifiers may support multiple threat models. There may be different models for each explosive category, and possibly models for some material types within certain threat categories. The extracted features from objects may be used to fit the different models. In exemplary embodiments, a Bayesian voting algorithm may choose the threat model having the best fit, or a false alarm. The variance information that accompanies each extracted feature can be employed in choosing the model having the best fit.
Exemplary confidence intervals can also be defined for specifying, e.g., �definitely alarm�, �no alarm�, and �marginal� cases. If any object falls into the �definitely alarm� interval, the bag can be alarmed. If all objects fall into the �no alarm� interval, the bag can be cleared. If any objects fall into the �marginal� interval, a ROI can be computed for that object, and the previously acquired X-Ray diffraction information can be evaluated. The results ascertained from the diffraction profile analysis can then be fused with the detection results from the Spectral CT system using, e.g., a Bayesian combiner, and the �marginal� object can be reclassified as a threat or false alarm.
In exemplary embodiments, the XRD results may only be employed to resolve residual false alarms, and the detection rate (Pd) of the algorithm using the Spectral CT data should be high enough to tolerate a small loss in Pd caused by the XRD scans and still meet prescribed detection rates.
To date, there does not exist an integrated, multi-sensor, Level 1 screening device for explosives detection that provides high throughput, while simultaneously achieving low false alarm rates. The present system topology advantageously combines density and mass estimates of standard CT with effective atomic number estimates from Spectral CT and molecular structure from X-ray diffraction imaging, giving complementary information that results in dramatic reduction in false alarms at high throughput rates.
This inline system topology also advantageously obviates X-ray pre-scanners and associated bag registration techniques and the possibility of bags being mis-tracked by the BHS between Level 1 and Level 2 scanners. This topology reduces overall system cost and computational complexity.
The present system also advantageously provides Spectral CT imaging with uniform threat detectability throughout the imaging field of view. Exemplary non-rotational, distributed X-ray source and energy sensitive detectors provide uniform image quality throughout the imaging field of view. The stationary CT concept eliminates rotating components, so uniform resolution is achieved throughout the imaging field of view. The uniform resolution translates into uniform threat detectability.
The present system also advantageously provides ROI interrogation within baggage by XRD at high-throughput rates. Exemplary XRD systems comprise a non-translational, distributed X-ray source that enables interrogation of any ROI within the bag. The system topology eliminates the need to stop the conveyor belt for XRD detector/source positioning, thereby enabling a high-throughput system topology.
While the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications can be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. For example, the Spectral CT system may be a third-generation CT system, allowing integration of an inline solution, at reduced system performance. Moreover, the non-translational XRD system may comprise a system topology other than an inverse-geometry configuration, while still providing threat assessment capability across the imaging field of view. Furthermore, the XRD system may comprise a system topology that involves motion of the source and/or detector.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Notable 52-Week Highs and Lows of the Day 01/04: (ZQK) (C) (KKD) High; (ENDP) (SVM) Low
- Dollar General (DG) Boosts Offer for Family Dollar (FDO) to $80/Share
- Pre-Open Stock Movers 9/2 (HGSH) (DGLY) (CPWR) Higher; (EXEL) (CONN) (RIBT) Lower (more...)
- Thoma Bravo to Acquire Compuware (CPWR) in $2.5B Deal
- Will GoPro (GPRO) Take the On-Officer Camera Market by Storm?
- Norwegian Cruise Line (NCLH) to Acquire Prestige Cruises in ~$3.03B Deal
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This report is an intraday check of some of the more notable stocks that have hit a 52-week high or low so far today.
52-Week High:
52-Week High:
- Quiksilver Inc. (NYSE: ZQK) $5.04. Quicksilver getting a boost following a Goldman upgrade earlier. The firm raised Quicksilver to Buy and boosted its price target to $6.50.
- Citigroup (NYSE: C) high of $42.10. Sprechen Goldman, the firm added Citi to its Conviction Buy List while removing peer J.P. Morgan (NYSE: JPM). Citi rose 1.7 percent to the new high today. Click here for more on the call.
- Krispy Kreme (NYSE: KKD) high of $11.18. Krispy Kreme higher as Longbow Research started coverage on the firm at Buy and a price target of $15. The stock moved nearly 11 percent to the new high Friday.
- Harvest Natural Resources (NYSE: HNR) high of $10.83. Harvest higher after reporting an oil find at the wildcat well Dussafu Tortue Marin-1 (DTM-1) drilled in the Dussafu Marin PSC, in the offshore waters of Gabon, West Africa. For more color, click here.
- Endo Health Solutions (Nasdaq: ENDP) low of $25.00. Endo issued some ugly guidance for fiscal 2013 late Thursday. For more on the outlook, click here.
- Silvercorp Metals, Inc. (NYSE: SVM) low of $4.74. Silvercorp had a class action filed against it earlier in the week, claiming the Company "overstated the level of silver production at its mines, as well as the quality and quantity of its ore reserves." Shares have been pressured the last two sessions since the press release.
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[Kerr to GSW news got engines going. And, uh, sputtering? -yfbb]
Many people were saying Kerr to the Knicks was contingent on Melo returning. Has Melo already told the Knicks hes leaving? Or does Jackson losing out on Kerr effect the Melo chase? Discuss.
And I think if the Knicks are unwilling to play ball in a S&T, trading Taj is going to be the question.
In this scenario we would almost have to bring Mirotic over. And that brings up the debate of a better offense vs. a worse defense. Are we willing to make that sacrifice? Defense has kind of been our calling card the last couple of seasons. Is Thibs dust real?


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ACC: Anthony Costanzo
ACC and the NFL combine
Here are the players who will represent the ACC:
- Anthony Castonzo
- Rich Lapham
- Mark Herzlich
- Da'Quan Bowers
- Marcus Gilchrist
- Chris Hairston
- Jamie Harper
- Jarvis Jenkins
- Byron Maxwell
- DeAndre McDaniel
- Rodney Hudson
- Christian Ponder
- Markus White
- Anthony Allen
- Mario Butler
- Jerrard Tarrant
- Torrey Smith
- Adrian Moten
- Da'Rel Scott
- Allen Bailey
- Damien Berry
- Matt Bosher
- Orlando Franklin
- Graig Cooper
- Leonard Hankerson
- Brandon Harris
- Colin McCarthy
- DeMarcus Van Dyke
- Marvin Austin
- Kendric Burney
- Bruce Carter
- Greg Little
- Shaun Draughn
- Robert Quinn
- Da'Norris Searcy
- Quan Sturdivant
- Johnny White
- Deunta Williams
- T.J. Yates
- Nate Irving
- Owen Spencer
- Danny Aiken
- Ras-I Dowling
- Rashad Carmichael
- Darren Evans
- John Graves
- Tyrod Taylor
- Ryan Williams
BC quarterbacks have strong surrounding cast
Posted by ESPN.com's Heather Dinich
Whoever winds up being Boston College's quarterback this fall -- Dominique Davis, Justin Tuggle or Codi Boek -- will have plenty of help returning from last year's Atlantic Division-winning team.
The quarterback position has easily been the biggest question mark in Chestnut Hill this spring, and with the Eagles' spring game quickly approaching and the competition still close, odds are it's one that will play out in summer camp. But don't underestimate the other factors first-year coordinator Gary Tranquill has to work with:
- BC should have one of the best offensive lines in the ACC. Four starters return there, including senior center Matt Tennant and junior tackle Anthony Costanzo, who has started 28 straight games.
- The staff seems to love sophomore tailback Montel Harris, whose 900 rushing yards last year were the most ever by a BC freshman running back.
- Two of the top three receivers return in seniors Rich Gunnell (49 catches) and Justin Jarvis (25 catches). Expectations are also higher for tight end Lars Anderson, who played in every game last year and caught nine passes for 84 yards and a touchdown.
And that's just the offensive side of the ball. BC's secondary might be one of the best it's had in years, and it never hurts to have the ACC Defensive Player of the Year back for another season in Mark Herzlich.
It's too early to tell how much the surrounding playmakers can compensate for an inexperienced quarterback, but there's no question they will help ease the transition.


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Driver admits causing death of cyclist riding home from work
A motorist is facing sentence after admitting causing the death of a cyclist riding home from work.
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A motorist is facing sentence after admitting causing the death of a cyclist riding home from work.
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Gillingham boss Peter Taylor insists he will be taking Tuesday's Johnstone's Paint Trophy match at League 2 side Stevenage seriously.
A former Gillingham striker is to appear in court charged in connection with a match-fixing scandal.
Charlie Lee is looking forward to doing battle with his former team-mates.
Former Gills defender Connor Essam has left Crawley Town after his contract was cancelled by mutual consent.
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Vt. city to rule on clinicNovember 24,2012
SOUTH BURLINGTON The South Burlington Development Review Board is expected to rule by early January whether to permit a methadone clinic to open about 500 feet from the Vermont citys middle school.
The Howard Center had hoped to open the clinic on Dorset Street this year and serve more than 650 clients.
A Dorset Street clinic would allow the center to close two smaller clinics.
The city zoning administrator granted a permit to renovate the space in August, ruling the space was already zoned for medical use.
But the South Burlington School Board appealed, saying the facility could pose a safety risk to students. The appeal also cited traffic congestion.
The Burlington Free Press reported that supporters say more treatment capacity is needed to blunt Vermonts burgeoning prescription drug problem.MORE IN Vermont NewsMONTPELIER Republican Scott Milne, the state GOP-backed candidate for the gubernatorial... Full StoryState fire investigators ruled out arson as the cause for a massive fire that razed Rutland... Full StoryThe State Board of Education is calling on Congress to rethink the testing policies of No Child... Full Story
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I have both provisioned devices set up to be built to by XCode and the built-in iOS simulator. In general I like to do quick bug-fixes and early-stage testing in the simulator because it tends to be able to do multiple runs more quickly.
Does anyone know of a resource that lists known issues with the simulator? By "known issues" I mean situations where the simulator's behavior deviates significantly from that of the device. Sometimes I won't know if something is a genuine bug or just a simulator problem and it's kind of a pain to run on a testing device just to verify.


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A collection of news and information related to Sauk Village published by this site and its partners.
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Fined $750 for wearing sagging pants
Potential homebuyer finds 2 bodies in Sauk Village house
Businesses in Sauk Village told to find other sources for water
State EPA: Sauk Village well filters will be in place by next week
EPA: Sauk Village water OK to drink
Wells in South Suburbs Contaminated With Potentially Hazardous WaterStory | Jun 10, 2009 | 2:29 PM(WGN-AM)- Untreated water from municipal wells in the Sauk Village area was found with contaminants, but water supplied to residents is within federal safety limits, the Illinois Department of Public Health said Wednesday. Those with private wells are...


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Punk singer Exene Cervenka posted a series of tweets Wednesday questioning whether the government staged last week's mass shootings in Isla Vista, California, to enact stricter gun control laws. Cervenka, who performed with the bands X and the Knitters, posted links to videos questioning how quickly replacement panes were delivered…
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Kantara Initiative IoT leaders gather in Utrecht, NL September 4-5 to innovate around identity, access control, and consent in the age of IoT.
The path to SXSW Interactive is long. We need your help to support our journey. Learn about our favourite session picks.
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User-Managed Access (UMA, pronounced "OOH-mah") is an OAuth-based protocol designed to give a web user a unified control point for authorizing who and what can get access to their online personal data, content, and services.
Business and Technology pillars to take your Identity strategy to the next level. Communicate the value of Identity Relationship Management (IRM). Modular, Adaptable, & Revenue Driving are just some of the pillars that build IRM Solutions.
Kantara Initiative is a robust and open focal point for collaboration to address the issues we each share across the identity community. Kantara activities focus on requirement gathering for the development ...
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Should Wauwatosa reduce the size of its Common Council? That's the question that will be posed to voters in the form of a referendum on the April 3 election ballot.
To help voters understand the issue including the existing structure and its benefits and drawbacks, the Wauwatosa Chamber of Commerce will host a forum with a panel of former and sitting city officials March 15.
The 7 p.m. forum will be moderated by Rob Henken, president of the nonpartisan Public Policy Forum, in the Civic Center on the lower level of City Hall.
The public will have the opportunity to ask questions of the panel members: Jim Benz, former mayor and alderman; Craig Maher, former alderman and professor of government studies at the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh; Dennis McBride, 4th District alderman who pushed for the referendum and former alderman Joe Ptaszek.
The council has 16 members, two from each aldermanic district. There is no specific alternative number of representatives suggested in the referendum questions. Rather a "yes" vote simply would indicate the size should be smaller, while a "no" would mean the council should continue to operate at its existing size.
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