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Most commented stories
The folks at Antec have released a bigger and meaner successor to their P180 case. The existing P180 is a bare case targeted largely at silent PC enthusiasts, but the new P190 includes dual power supplies and is touted by Antec as being the company's "most powerful [case] yet." Indeed, the P190's two power supplies have 650W and 550W ratings for a combined power output of 1.2kW. The case's cooling is handled by five fans, including two top-mounted 140mm models, one rear-mounted 120mm model, and a side-mounted 200mm behemoth Antec aptly calls the Big Boy.
Despite the specs, Antec says it designed the P190 for silent computing using the same composite side panels and silicone drive mounting grommets as the P180. As Antec points out, the large 140mm and 200mm fans are also capable of generating comparable air flow to smaller 120mm or 92mm models while spinning at slower—and quieter—speeds. Considering Antec designed the P190 with "multiple instances of virtually all system components" in mind, building a truly quiet system with multiple processors and graphics cards may still prove to be a challenge. Nevertheless, Antec says the P190 will become available from major retailers next month. The case will cost $499, and it will be covered by a three-year warranty.
|1. GKey13 - $650
|2. JohnC - $600
|3. davidbowser - $501
|4. cmpxchg - $500
|5. DeadOfKnight - $400
|6. danny e. - $375
|7. the - $360
|8. Ryszard - $351
|9. rbattle - $350
|10. Ryu Connor - $350
This discussion is now closed.
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|Weekend Shortbread
|Friday night topic: why the fear of autonomous machines?
|Corsair's new DDR4 modules are rated for 3300 MT/s
|Deal of the week: A 240GB SSD for only $80
|Asus' X99 Deluxe motherboard reviewed
|Intel's Core i7-5960X processor reviewed
|Now we can lose our data 8TB at a time.


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You could easily be forgiven for mistaking More Primitive, the new LP by Seattle-based blues trio Lonesome Shack, for a mid-'70s recording from the North Mississippi hill country, the fertile blues scene that gave listeners artists like R.L. Burnside, Fred McDowell, Jesse Mae Hemphill, and more. But ... More >>
We've spent the last year in the laboratory putting Phoenix under the microscope to reveal hundreds of specimens of the best culture, outdoor adventures, shopping, dining, and nightlife the city has to offer. And we're finally ready to publish our results. Nerd alert! Now presenting Scientific Phoen ... More >>
A guitar maker's yarn

subset: commoncrawl


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Insider Selling: Palo Alto Networks Director Sells 6,496 Shares of Stock (PANW)
Palo Alto Networks (NASDAQ:PANW) Director Carl M. Eschenbach sold 6,496 shares of Palo Alto Networks stock in a transaction dated Tuesday, June 17th. The shares were sold at an average price of $80.86, for a total value of $525,266.56. Following the transaction, the director now directly owns 14,149 shares of the company's stock, valued at approximately $1,144,088. The sale was disclosed in a filing with the SEC, which can be accessed through this link.
A number of research firms have recently commented on PANW. Analysts at Cowen and Company reiterated a "market perform" rating on shares of Palo Alto Networks in a research note on Thursday, May 29th. They now have a $80.00 price target on the stock, up previously from $70.00. Separately, analysts at Needham & Company LLC raised their price target on shares of Palo Alto Networks from $87.00 to $95.00 in a research note on Thursday, May 29th. They now have a "buy" rating on the stock. Finally, analysts at Raymond James upgraded shares of Palo Alto Networks from an "outperform" rating to a "strong-buy" rating in a research note on Thursday, May 29th. They now have a $90.00 price target on the stock, up previously from $84.00. Six investment analysts have rated the stock with a hold rating, eleven have assigned a buy rating and one has assigned a strong buy rating to the company. The stock presently has an average rating of "Buy" and an average target price of $81.61.
Palo Alto Networks (NASDAQ:PANW) traded down 0.20% during mid-day trading on Wednesday, hitting $80.50. The stock had a trading volume of 1,267,129 shares. Palo Alto Networks has a one year low of $39.08 and a one year high of $82.27. The stock has a 50-day moving average of $68.99 and a 200-day moving average of $65.98. The company's market cap is $6.205 billion.
Palo Alto Networks (NASDAQ:PANW) last announced its earnings results on Wednesday, May 28th. The company reported $0.11 EPS for the quarter, beating the Thomson Reuters consensus estimate of $0.10 by $0.01. The company had revenue of $150.70 million for the quarter, compared to the consensus estimate of $146.13 million. During the same quarter in the prior year, the company posted $0.06 earnings per share. The company's quarterly revenue was up 48.8% on a year-over-year basis. Analysts expect that Palo Alto Networks will post $0.40 EPS for the current fiscal year.
Palo Alto Networks, Inc offers a network security platform that allows enterprises, service providers, and government entities to secure their networks.
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We have a crew on the scene of a crash between a Forrestville Valley School District bus and a pickup truck in the 11400 block of North Pecatonica Road in Leaf River.
The crash occurred mid-afternoon Friday, and appeared to be a head-on collision. Four people were hurt, three were passengers on the bus and the other was the driver of the pickup truck. Ogle County officials wouldn't release any further information.
Deputies with the Ogle County Sheriff's Department and crews from Byron, Leaf River, and Mount Morris were among the responders.
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Sign up for Yardbarker's daily Top 10 newsletter, the Morning Bark! Customize to get news on your favorite sports and teams.
Found January 25, 2013 on Jocks and Stiletto Jill:
PLAYERS: Phil Jackson, Michelle Obama, Jim Buss
TEAMS: Los Angeles Lakers
TEAMS: Los Angeles Lakers
To say that a lot is going on with the Lakers franchise doesn't even begin to do the situation justice. We've gone round and round analyzing coaching, players and injuries but what's happening upstairs in the executive suite has the potential to change the way the Los Angeles Lakers have been thought of for decades. Back in November after Mike Brown was fired and Phil Jackson was toyed with about the Lakers head coaching position, Jeanie Buss tweeted a question to the First Lady, Michelle Obama. Jeanine asked for advice on being made to feel bad about loving and supporting your man. Clearly Jeanie and Jim are at odds over the hiring of Mike D'Antoni and the way Jeanie's fiance, Phil Jackson, was treated in the process. Per Kevin Ding of the Orange County Register, the brother and sister haven't spoken since D'Antoni was brought on board. Their father Jim Buss has been ill for quite some time. It is my understanding that he's been hospitalized since last August. With Jeanie over the...
Original Story: http://jocksandstilettojill.com/2013/...
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Los Angeles Lakers team meeting does little to cure woes
Dwight Howard sick of negativity
Dwight Howard said that he was sick of negativity surrounding the Lakers during their disappointing losing season. They won their first game after he made his comments.
Jeff Van Gundy savages Howard
The NBA analyst (and brother to Stan Van Gundy who coached Dwight Howard in Orlando) did not mince his words when expressing his thoughts on the Lakers center.
Gasol Privately Expects Lakers To Trade Him Before Deadline
Nash: Lakers Not Committed To Vision Of Coaching Staff
Dwight Howard Cleared To Play After Re-Aggravating Shoulder
Mike D'Antoni Says The Lakers Play Like An All Star Team
Kobe Bryant asked Dwight Howard if he had a problem with him
Source: Dwight's One Concern About Re-Signing Is D'Antoni
Lakers end four-game skid, rout Jazz
A Peek Into The Lakers Closed Door Meeting
Chris Kaman On Lakers: They're Trying To Buy A Championship Team Instead Of Working Hard
Like a bad dream, Dwight-mare begins again
Kobe Denies Asking Dwight Howard If He Dislikes Playing With Him
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(2005) Side Story - Page 07
Hawk on May 11, 2013
In case you missed it, there was a site-wide problem and Friday's page was put up late. You can find the page immediately prior to this one if you didn't see it already.
You already know from reading the comic, but at the point this page was made, none of Brooke's siblings had ever been shown or talked about. You can see the family on Page #177 and a little more grown-up on Page #221. Because they are looked down upon by much of the kingdom, Brooke's family supports each other and is very tight-knit.
Transmogrification is a spell the elves used from time to time, but thanks to Brooke's cat episode you know it's a spell with its own hangups.
At one time I made an alphabet for the elves to use, and you can see it in this page. However, I think I lost the file I used to construct it, so it's yet another language lost to history.


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The Kills
Blood Pressures
Sounds Like: Snarling and bluesy garage punk duo from the American badass Allison Mosshart and a Brit guitarist, their fourth is a kickass collection of simple, smart tracks.
Free Association: A little concerned—when's there gonna be a new Dead Weather record?
For Fans Of: White Stripes, drum machines, PJ Harvey, Kate Moss, angry lady rock.
The Steve Miller Band
Let Your Hair Down
Sounds Like: So Miller's 67 and fond of his Wisconsin roots, and in his old age has decided to make a couple blues records for other old people who love Chicago blues.
Free Association: Was hoping there'd be ten versions of "Wild Mountain Honey" on here.
For Fans Of: Spin Doctors, harmonica, covers of blues songs by an old white man.
(Ernest Jenning)
Sounds Like: New York-based SUNY friends who've been getting deeper and darker into a creepy, Americana goth folk vibe that they really go for here on their third.
Free Association: This is some Ichabod Crane shit. These guys should meet Tim Burton.
For Fans Of: Neutral Milk + Neil Young/the Pogues, screaming winds, slamming doors.
Last call: The Hooters prepare to rock Revel's goodbye
Soul brothers Pattern Is Movement keep evolving
PW's Music Issue 2014
Hip-hop promoter Yuie Muhammad schooled the U.N. on culture & color
Philly singers Ali Wadsworth and Katie Frank on rocking while female
DJs Cash Money and Lisa Love spin from the soul
Brewerytown Beats & Hideaway Music ponder vinyl's comeback


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1996 Nissan Sentra Repair and Maintenance
A guide to problems, costs, maintenance and repair for your 1996 Nissan Sentra
- How do I replace bearing on left side of gearbox where CV sit and turns?
- airbag, on steering wheel is hot. can this be fixed and how. safe to drive?
- What would cause the starter to not start with a new starter in it?
- 96 sentra timing chains,gears all have been replaced but it wont start any ideas
- How to disconnect the clutch cable from the pedal?
- Alternator Replacement $303 - 461
- Axle/Half Shaft Replacement - Front $470 - 1,400
- Exhaust Manifold Replacement $447 - 1,243
- Catalytic Converter Replacement $458 - 690
- Check Engine Light Diagnosis $105 - 135
- South Side Auto Service Inc. (718) 305-4810 | 7.91mi
- Ray & Dana's Inman Auto Care (732) 703-7919 | 3.46mi
- Zaloom's Auto Repair (646) 663-5728 | 8.95mi
- Carracino's Auto & Truck (908) 364-5589 | 8.49mi
- AC Recharge $199 - 276 Ogden, UT127,500 Mile Service $54 - 93 Ogden, UTIgnition Switch (Lock Cylinder) $257 - 359 Ogden, UT
1996 Nissan Sentra Problems
Excessive timing chain noise, a rattling or ticking, on higher mileage cars may lead to timing chain failure, which can cause engine damage. There are upgraded chain tension guides with a steel backing to improve durability and a modified repair procedure no longer requires the removal of the cylinder head to replace the timing chain. Maintaining proper engine oil level and frequent oil changes are important to ensure the long-term durability of this engine.
1996 Nissan Sentra Questions
there is noise at the gearbox where the left inner CV gets in. Mechanic say there is a pilot bush/bearing which is worn out.
car not used for weeks. yesterday, for a 4/5 mile drive, airbag on steering wheel was warm. today, driving for a mile, it got very hot, so came back to house. will airbag go off if i drive to repair place.
I have been having an issue with my car for the past two weeks about and what first happened was the first time i had the issue i had used it that day from my house to the gym, the gym to my house and then to my house to my job. That night when i got off work it would not crank or turnover to eve...
1996 Nissan Sentra Recalls
1996 Nissan Sentra Reviews
My car is 1996 1.6 nissan sentra with a GA16 engine. there is a noise at the entrance of the left CV joint to the gear box. (inner CV). They say I must replace the bearing/pilot bush on the mouth of the gear box where the CV sits/turns. What can I do to replace this bearing?


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Printable View
I did not see Floyd play particularly well, but I did not see him bust either.
Then again, he was supposed to be a top five pick on many boards. Mike Mayock had him at number two. One would think a top five player has the skills to go gangbusters on the NFL.
It is obvious that the Vikings needed depth on defense, especially in the secondary and middle linebacker, and some offensive line support. This was before the season began, and the Vikings traded away draft picks that could have helped resolve those issues down the road.
If Floyd has a good sophomore season, the book will still be out on the trade. If he ends up a blue chip, then the deal is worth it, as depth can be filled with free agents.
We should know right now if Floyd is a blue chip or a potential bust; we don't because he hasn't played enough for us TO know. I still think the dude is a stud, and expect good things from him next year. He has the same knack JJ Watt does for swatting passes out of the air, if given the opportunity.
I think Floyd will be a fine DT for years to come. As someone pointed out earlier, he didn't have the luxury of playing next to Williams... he was mostly left with Guion.
Sharrif Floyd had 19 tackles and 2.5 sacks. That is typical for a rookie who is a backup in his first season.
With either Williams or Floyd, the Vikings have not done as well without a huge nose tackle to take on the blocks at the line. Pat Williams was the man. Perhaps the Vikings should pursue free agent Linval Joseph of the Giants for that big NT/DT position.
Especially for a guy who didn't have much for stats at the college level eitherQuote:
Sharrif Floyd had 19 tackles and 2.5 sacks. That is typical for a rookie who is a backup in his first season.
If Seattle is the baseline for a modern defense, the Sharrif Floyd pick is not as good as it looked for fans at the time. Seattle has been using sabermetrics and key abilities for several seasons, and one report earlier this years indicated that arm length was one metric used in evaluating defensive linemen. Other teams using sabermetrics rated Floyd lower for similar reasons.
That is not to say that Floyd will bust. It is to say that teams using sabermetrics passed on him because he did not meet their criteria.


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Added Mar 18, 2013
by mabelmakes
Dublin, Ireland
I followed Gertie's Sew Retro Bombshell dress course on Craftsy a few years ago. I am only getting around to posting it now. I love how it turned out. I had to do quite a lot of fitting adjustments since the bust for this pattern is very small. In the end I think I had 3 muslins. It was worth the effort though. I have more detail about the process and review of the course on my blog: http://www.mabelmakes.com/2013/03/review-sew-retro-perfect-bombshell-dress/
Japanese cotton fashion fabric, cotton lining, spiral steel boning
Mar 19, 2013, 03.38 PMby Mary Athey
fabulous dress, i love everything about it. fab x
Mar 19, 2013, 12.36 PMby ctharp
Your dress is wonderful! You did an awesome job!!
Mar 19, 2013, 02.40 AMby becprentis
LOVE it!
Mar 19, 2013, 12.13 AMby DorisS
Seems like a perfect fit. The fabric is adorable as well.
Mar 18, 2013, 11.44 PMby lovefromsf
Fantastic dress! It looks perfect.
Add to Favorites 17 people added it
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As part of the Chamber of Commerce's Leadership Lee program, community leaders toured Oak Hill Dairy late Thursday afternoon and got a look at the farm's new high-tech milking machine the speeds up production.
Owners say the carousel is only one of just two or three in Georgia.
"It was imported here from Australia, it cost several million dollars to install it," said Winston Oxford from the Chambers of Commerce. "They can milk more cows more efficiently everyday."
The second largest dairy in the state is in Lee County.
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In late July, Chipotle garnered kudos after CEO Steve Ells called up a fan who had been Tweeting his displeasure at discovering that Chipotle's pinto beans were cooked with pork. Ells pledged that the burrito chain would change all its menu boards to reflect the pork content. A few months later I walked into a Chipotle in Midtown and noticed their sign hadn't changed. [More]
Chipotle & Willie Nelson Team Up For Animated Anti-Factory Farm Ad
In a combination we never would've thought would be so likable, Chipotle has enlisted the help of Willie Nelson covering a Coldplay song to make an animated piece that is anti-factory farming. [More]
Study: One In Five Menu Calorie Counts Are Off By At Least 100 Calories
As restaurant chains begin rolling out menus with calorie counts, one has to wonder just how accurate that information is. A new study claims that nearly one out of every five menu items underestimates by at least 100 calories, with some major chains like Boston Market and Chipotle missing the mark on some items by more than 200 calories. [More]
Science Confirms In-N-Out Burger Is The Best And McDonald's The Worst
Almost a year ago, our survey-loving siblings at Consumer Reports asked several thousand readers to rate burgers from 18 burger chains and to no one's surprise, McDonald's came in dead last. Not satisfied with merely finding the best and worst beef-on-a-bun, CR decided to go for the super-sized option, rating 53 restaurants in five categories to find which ones provide the best food, service and value to customers. [More]
Taco Bell CEO: If Chipotle Is BMW, We're Hyundai
Curiously Australian Taco Bell CEO Greg Creed has no delusions about the product his company sells. Not that he thinks it's bad food, but that that, well… you often get what you pay for when you buy an $.89 taco. And Creed doesn't really worry about competing with Chipotle. [More]
This Chipotle Gift Card Is Kinda Chuckle-Worthy
You can say what you want about Chipotle's food, but whoever put together the legalese on the back of their gift cards has a pretty good sense of humor. [More]
No Free Burritos At Chipotle For Dressing In Foil This Halloween
This year instead of a free burrito, showing up to Chipotle on All Hallow's Eve wrapped in tin foil will only score you a discounted $2 burrito. "It cost us a fortune," Mark Crumpacker, Chipotle's chief marketing officer told Advertising Age. "And it wasn't doing a whole heck of a lot for me from a marketing perspective." Expensive + ineffectual, seems a good reason to stop doing something. [More]
Send Junk Email To Chipotle, Feed Children
Here's an interesting promotion: for every 100,000 junk emails sent to firstname.lastname@example.com, Chipotle will donate $10,000 to The Lunch Box, which will help feed school kids with healthy junk-free recipes for lunch, instead of the usual prison cheese and high fructose corn syrup. [More]
Be Jealous Of The Woman Whose Purse Was Slimed By Chipotle
Tanner says Chipotle hooked her up big-time after she bought a burrito bowl in San Francisco only to have the bowl come apart and splattered all over her purse. [More]
Chipotle Says Their Food Does Not Cause Underwear Blood
South Park managed to combine the late Billy Mays, the unfortunately still around Ghost Hunters, and the beloved Chipotle chain in their latest episode, with surprising results.
Chipotle's so-popular-they-had-to-discontinue-it iPhone app has been redesigned and is available for free at the iTunes store. What does this miracle software do? Well, it locates the nearest Chipotle, then lets you build your burrito, taco, whatever, add special instructions, and pay for your order. You can also save your favorites so you don't have to build the burrito each time. Fatness, here we come. [Gizmodo]
No Free Burritos From Chipotle On Tax Day, Again
Once upon a time, Chipotle used to give out free burritos on Tax Day — or so the story goes. Still, some people never forget.
Top 10 Fast Food Chains In Customer Satisfaction
Mmm, how satisfying. A recent survey by Sandelman & Associates, a market research and consumer-trends firm, shows that customers mostly prefer regional or smaller national fast food and chain restaurants to gigantic soul-destroying megafood joints like McDonald's.
Behold The Shocking Popularity Of Chipotle's Burrito-Ordering iPhone App
Yesterday, a magical new application appeared in the iPhone App Store. What did it do? Well, it allowed you to order burritos from Chipotle (for pick-up). From your iPhone.
Chipotle Closes For Hepatitis A Outbreak, Have A Coupon!
An anonymous tipster wrote to us about how Chipotle, known for their delicious, healthy burritos, handled a Hepatitis A outbreak at his neighborhood store. This might be the one case of a corporation giving you something for free, and it not making the situation any better. Read his letter, inside.
Chipotle Offers Excellent Customer Service Along With Free Burrito
Every Halloween folks from all over this great nation of ours put tin foil on their heads and go to Chipotle for a free burrito. The conceit is that you are "dressed like a burrito" for Halloween, but the good folks at Chipotle don't really care if your costume required things like "skill" or "effort." They just fork over the free burrito if they see tin foil. Bless them.
Meet Your Meat: Chipotle Distributes Photos Of Farms That Supply Their Restaurants
An angry reader wrote us yesterday asking if the photos he's been finding in his bag along with his Chipotle veggie burrito were legit. Matt wrote:
Last time I got the pigs out on the plains of super green grass (Grass won't last more than a day under pigs). Today was a lone adult chicken in an otherwise empty commercial coop, perfectly clean bird, on a perfectly clean floor. I know for fact chickens don't get moved from the time they are chicks, until the vacuum machine comes to box them for transport to the slaughter house. So where is all the bird shit and carcasses that succumbed to walking on the ammonia soaked floor?


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All Research
- Today
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- Specific Date Range
- Brief (2)
- Energy Study (2)
- Newsletter (1)
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- Working Paper (2)
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Non-lending technical assistance : the design of a framework of performance management for energy utilities - executive summary
The non-lending technical assistance program (NLTA) 'design a framework of performance management for energy utilities' commenced in late-2008, at a time when the Bangladesh... Show More +
A review in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan : benchmarking for performance improvement in urban utilities
Performance benchmarking is a powerful tool to make service providers more accountable, and to measure progress while improving performance. This review examines the... Show More +
Bangladesh - Energy policy note for the new government
Bangladesh suffers from significant shortages of power generation capacity and natural gas. Addressing these problems will require concerted action to improve services,... Show More +
Mitigating Bangladesh's power crisis : possible response options - a briefing note for the Ministry of Finance
Bangladesh today is in the grips of a major power crisis. There are several dimensions to the crisis: operational, financial and relating to power generation. This... Show More +
Graduating the poorest into microfinance : linking safety nets and financial services
Microfinance-or formal financial services for the poor-helps people fight poverty on their own terms, in a sustainable way. Poor people use loans, deposits, and other... Show More +
IDA guarantee catalyses private finance for Haripur Power Project in Bangladesh
The paper outlines the financial structure, and financial plan of the Haripur Power Project in Bangladesh, with a total financing cost of U$S 180 million, financed through... Show More +
Impact 2(3)
Giant steps : can broader be better? by Erik D'Amato. Whale in a swimming pool, by Debora Spar. Different kind of banker, different kind of bank. The long view : Latin... Show More +
Leasing to support small businesses and microenterprises
In most developing countries, capital markets are relatively undeveloped and banks are often unable or unwilling to undertake term lending. And banks prefer to lend... Show More +
Small firms informally financed : studies from Bangladesh
This working paper represents studies of small, informal enterprises which were commissioned by the World Bank Field Office in Bangladesh with financial assistance from... Show More +


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Welcome to LifePointe Church
[1] Experience God's care
[2] Embrace God's truth
[3] Engage in God's plan
Thank you for taking time to see what's happening at LifePointe!We hope to see you soon!
LifePointe Arcola Services!
God's Word for Your Week
Colossians 3:2 NKJV -
Set your mind on things above not on things on the earth.
"Faith begins where the will of God is known"


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Games and activities that'll add a few more giggles to your little leprechauns' day. If you're looking for inspiration, other than pinching the kids not wearing green, click through to get started.
It seems like summer just started but we are already busy buying school supplies. In the blink on an eye, the lazy afternoons of summer will be gone again, but not to worry! This to-do list will help you make sure you finish the summer with no regrets.
Bring old school style back with these 10 awesome playground games and activities
Bring your loved ones together with this collection of family games and get ready to have loads of fun!
Find games and activities that are great for burning energy and having fun with friends.
If you're planning a party for a soccer fan, you must check out this gallery. You'll find everything you need, from cakes and snacks to games and party bags!
Disney brings the excitement to game night with fun printables featuring all your favorite characters!
Spring has sprung, and my whole family is ready to get outside and shake off the cold weather. Now is the perfect time to spend with the kids, and we've got a dozen great activity ideas for your family.
It's blazing hot outdoors ... what can the kids do to find relief and cool off? Just add water to these games for fun in the sun.
As if building with LEGO® blocks wasn't enough, these fun activities gives kids additional ways to use the colorful bricks for play.
Step right up! Stage your own talent show, carnival, or vintage circus party! Let your guests mingle and enjoy food, desserts, and carnival games -- just like those included here!
Staying indoors doesn't mean playtime is over...Choose from any of these rainy day activities and games for fun.


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You may have noticed that Cheick Tiote has been taking a few long shots on goal recently, as he seems very keen to add to his goal tally of one goal, since joining Newcastle United over three years ago.
Cheick Tiote – goes crazy after scoring sensational goal against Arsenal
And of course what a goal that was against Arsenal, just before the 90 minutes was up, when he rifled the ball on the volley with his left foot into the corner of the net to get a 4-4 draw against Arsenal, in that still memorable game.
And Cheick has talked today in the local press about trying to score for Newcastle again, although as a defensive midfielder, not too many goals are expected of the Ivorian.
This is what the 27 year-old 41 times capped Ivory Coast International had to say today:
"My goal against Arsenal was a long time ago. I have been trying to create the same thing," he said. "People have forgotten about my goal.
"I tried to score against Norwich but it didn't happen." "I have to practice on the training ground. My first shot was good but the other one was terrible."
We don't think Newcastle fans have forgotten Tiote's sensational equalizer against Arsenal that got us the 4-4 draw, with four goals in the last 26 minutes after we had gone 4-0 down in the first 26 minutes of that simply sensational game at St. Jame';s Park.
And it was a memorable game to, because I even had my wife Madeline watching the last 15 minutes of the game – maybe for the first time ever.
But I still had to tell her – they are the ones in the black and white stripes.
Just watch that goal one more time.
Follow us on Twitter, like us on Facebook and +1 on us on Google+


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It may be early to call the end of the EM rally of the past couple of months but the latest EM portfolio flows tracker from the Institute of International Finances adds to a feeling that it is losing some of its puff.
The IIF says portfolio flows to EMs moderated in April to $25bn, after surging to $38bn in March from $17bn in February. Continue reading »


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Social Security Changes Help Prevent Fraud
Did you know that effective August 1, 2014, Social Security has announced it will discontinue
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Did you know that effective August 1, 2014, Social Security has announced it will discontinue
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Raiding houses to find domestic violence suspects
Police in Greater Manchester have raided dozens of houses, in a search for people suspected of domestic violence.
Officers began their raids before dawn this morning.
It happened on the day 'Clare's Law' was rolled-out nationwide. The law allows women who fear their partner may have a history of abuse, to get a background check from police.
The scheme's named after Clare Wood, who was murdered by her boyfriend in Salford.


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NPG x171545
Hannah Idowu Dideolu Awolowo (née Adelana) and Obafemi Awolowo with their family
by Bassano Ltd
half-plate film negative, 21 July 1972
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A collection of news and information related to Seamus Heaney published by this site and its partners.
Top Seamus Heaney Articles
Displaying items 1-11
"Still Life: Adventures in Taxidermy" by Melissa Milgrom
World Book Night is coming to the U.S.Story | Nov 1, 2011 | 4:34 PMWorld Book Night, so far a UK-only celebration of free book giveaways, will debut in the US in 2012....
Massive book giveaways for the U.K.'s World Book Day and NightStory | Feb 25, 2011 | 4:33 PMWorld Book Day and Night in the UK will give away a million free books....
World Book Night freebies sparked sales boostStory | Mar 7, 2011 | 4:34 PMCounterintuitively, books given away for free during the U.K.'s World Book Night celebration have seen sales rise....
Hamilton headlines HoCoPoLitSo's Irish EveningStory | Feb 16, 2012 | 10:25 AMIt takes so long to say the name of the Howard County Poetry and Literature Society that one can be thankful that everybody just refers to it as HoCoPoLitSo. One of this literary organization's longest running and most popular activities is an annual...
ArtsStory | May 30, 2011 | 6:32 PMOne area Howard County can certainly boast about is its vibrant arts scene, with an abundance of choices that include theater, music and dance companies, as well as free outdoor concerts at Lake Kittamaqundi, Centennial Park and Columbia's village...
Q&A: W.S. Merwin
Ted Hughes entra en el Rincón de los Poetas de la Abadía de WestminsterStory | Dec 6, 2011Londres, 6 dic (EFE).- El escritor inglés Ted Hughes entró hoy a formar parte del Rincón de los Poetas de la Abadía londinense de Westminster, junto a Shakespeare y T.S. Eliot, durante una emotiva ceremonia en la que se leyeron extractos de una carta...
Celebrity Scoop: Lucas NeffStory | Dec 7, 2011 | 11:29 AMIt takes two tries, but Lucas Neff nails a fly buzzing around the catering tent on a location shoot for the Tuesday Fox comedy "Raising Hope." "Hey, watch this," he says, smacking the fly down on the table cover. "Crushed." But victory has a price....
The poetry of discussion
Elise Paschen: poetry for teens caters to the rebel in each of us


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- Age / Gender:
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I do stuff... And whatnot... http://darkm00nshine .deviantart.com/
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Man's Best Friend 50 Points Survive the pack of wild neighborhood dogs at the end of Area 1. Medal Stats.
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Blunt Force Trauma 25 Points Kill 100 zombies with your vehicle Medal Stats.
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Lab Rat 5 Points You woke up, you were flushed, you escaped... Medal Stats.
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Obsolete Rated 4.4690 Stars A story of a lonely robot in a factory. Drama Alight Rated 4.4345 Stars A short film about a boy made of fire and a girl made of water--with lots of explosions. Action Without A Mushroom Rated 4.3891 Stars Luigi is on his last life... Comedy - Parody Xiao Xiao No. 1 Rated 4.0397 Stars Flash transfer of the original XiaoXiao AVI. Action
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no-one has to die. Rated 4.4775 Stars Choose who lives and who dies. Your decisions change everything. Adventure - Other Alien Hominid Rated 4.1689 Stars Blast FBI agents in this Metal Slug style shooter! Action - Shooter - Run 'n Gun Xiao Xiao 9 Rated 3.7482 Stars XAIO XAIO 9 Action - Fighting - Brawler Sonny Rated 4.3794 Stars You are a Zombie, and the world hates you. Fight for your life in this epic new RPG! Adventure - RPG
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|Kirb's World
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BackgroundUnreal Tournament is a first person shooter with never-before-seen graphics, brutal edge-of-your-seat gameplay and a massive and varied feature list that gives gamers more than they ever expected. With online and offline play, it offers something for all players to enjoy. Offline play allows players to square off against computer controlled Bots in all the game modes through a tournament ladder with increasing difficulty. Online play allows players to battle people and friends from around the world. Whether offline or online, UT has a ton of astonishing combat arenas located in environments beyond imagination, and many weapons that you can use to help you become the Tournament champion.
GameplayUnreal Tournament has amazing offline and offline gameplay. In offline, play in various game modes which include Deathmatch (reach a certain frag total in deadly fragfests), Domination (capture control points for a time period and score points), Capture the Flag (capture your enemies flag and bring it to your teams base), and Assault (complete team objectives in a time period as the attacker and defend against CPU's in the same mission in the same time period). Weild many destructive weapons which include a machine gun and a rocket launcher. Run around on many beautifully detailed levels by yourself or with CPU teammates while trying to kill opponents and complete objectives. In online, play with other online players or with friends in created games on maps featured in offline play. Use the same destructive weapons to destroy your opponents. Since the game is pretty violent (blood and body parts do go flying), it is definitely not for weak stomaches.
- Violent, exciting bloodfest game. Blood and bodyparts will fly.
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Hardware RequirementsMin System Requirements
CPU: Intel Pentium 200MHz or AMD K6 200MHz or better processor
Memory: 32MB RAM (64MB recommended)
Available HD Space: 300MB (605 recommended)
CD-ROM Drive: 4x or faster CD-ROM or 4x or faster DVD-ROM Drive
Audio System: DirectX 7.0 Compatible Sound Card
Video System: PCI Local Bus Video Card (8M 3D accelerator recommended)
O/S: Windows® 95/98/2000/Windows® NT 4.0/Linux/Mac
Network and Internet Play: via TCP/IP (28.8K minimum speed)
Official URLOfficial Site
Recent threads
- Cheats For Multiplayer Aug 23
- Can't execute .umod!? Aug 8
- How to you beat Xan on last level? Jul 26
- How do I pick things up? Jan 3
Aloe and 59 others own Unreal Tournament
kumozero and 10 others played Unreal Tournament
Study: FPS games help improve IRL decision making
Professors at the University of Rochester recently concluded a study which argues that purveyors of "fast-paced... posted Sep 14, 10 6:58pm
Direct3D 10 renderer enhances Unreal, Deus Ex, Rune
A new Direct3D 10 renderer has been released, bringing a few PC games running on the first iteration of the... posted Aug 09, 10 5:33pm
UnrealTournament PC
UnrealTournament PC
UnrealTournament PC
UnrealTournament PC
a cheat
- Genre: Shooter Action (PC)
- Theme(s): Sci-Fi (Futuristic)
- Perspective(s): First Person
- Developer: Digital Extremes
- Publisher: GT Interactive
Released North America Nov 26, 1999
- Player Info:
- Online Multi-player (32)
Unreal Series
- Unreal Tournament III
- Unreal Tournament 2004
- Unreal II
- Unreal Tournament 2003
- Unreal Tournament
- Unreal: Return to Na Pali
- Unreal


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Scott yancey reviews - legit or scam? - reviewopedia.com, Scott yancey is one of the stars of the a&e television show, flipping vegas, and the proprietor of his own personal real estate investment system, which he promotes. A review of the scott yancey "flipping property event, The other day i got surprise tickets in the mail to a scott yancey "flipping property event". this is my review of the seminar. be sure to read to the end of the. Scott yancey real estate - spring valley - las vegas , nv, 4 reviews of scott yancey real estate "signed up for his seminar, based on an infomercial, not having seen his tv show. (had i seen the tv show first, so.
Scott yancey reviews - is it a scam or legit?, Scott yancey is a real estate guru and published author who claims to be passionate about helping amateur investors earn money from buying, selling, and/or renting. What to expect with scott yancey? - biggerpockets.com, My husband and i enjoy watching flipping vegas with scott yancey. when we saw that his program was coming to our area, we preregistered, thinking it c. Ripoff report | yancey events complaint review las vegas, Ripoff report verified™ review: editor's update: positive rating and recognition has been given to yancey events for its commitment to excellence in customer service..
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Goose Lake, IA
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Goose Lake is a city in Clinton County, Iowa, United States. The population was 232 at the 2000 census.
Goose Lake is located at 41°58′3″N 90°22′51″W / 41.9675°N 90.38083°W / 41.9675; -90.38083 (41.967403, -90.380724).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.3 square miles (0.9 km²), all of it land.


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Bouncing Into A New Season
The Lady Monarchs are looking forward to a great season.
The Lady Monarchs have bounced their way into a new season with a new leader and a fresh roster; now they are looking forward to winning under the "Reign of Hang."
"I'm enthusiastic to have Coach Hang as our new coach. She has brought so much to the L.A. Valley basketball program [and] she has taught us how to become more disciplined not just in basketball, but also as an individual," said Monarch guard Alejandra Gallardo. "I feel like that she makes the game more understandable because she has been in our position in the past."
In their final season under former Head Coach Jay Werner the Lady Monarchs failed to find their rhythm. A first game loss to Pasadena City College proved to be a bad omen for Valley, which ended its last season 9-16, with a 6-6 in conference, after a final loss to Santa Monica City College.
"This year is a lot different than last year, especially with a new and better coach. We are actually starting off with wins this season and growing more and more as the potential team we should be," said Monarch guard Chrystal "Chip" Taloma. "Coach Hang is constantly pushing us to be the best and we learn something new everyday whether it's on or off the court."
The Lady Monarchs have been working hard not to repeat last season's bleak outcome and under newly appointed Head Coach Hang they may have started out in the right direction. Beginning the season with back-to-back wins against Napa Valley and Grossmont College the Monarchs looked forward to a stellar season. However, after the first 11 games the Monarchs are currently 6-5, but remain hopeful that the team will regain their footing for a slam-dunk season.
"We are currently working on binding the little gaps and focusing on the little details to make us successful," said Hang. "We definitely can compete against any team in the state and we are currently ranked 14 in the State of California."
The Lady Monarchs are not just focused on winning, they also strive to become a better team and better student-athletes. With a full college schedule, practice and games, acting like a model citizen may be hard for some, but the Lady Monarchs make it look like a piece of cake.
"We have a bunch of ladies who have class, who are respectful, and who are very disciplined," said Hang. "We have been getting many compliments about their behavior on and off the court and I think that speaks highly of the team."
Valley plays San Francisco City College this weekend in San Francisco.
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Printable Area
By jensglutenfree on June 02, 2010
"I love perfectly ripe avocados. The ingredients in this recipe bring out their flavor in spades. This recipe is great for gluten-free, vegan, egg-free and dairy free diets. For more delicious gluten-free dishes check out www.jensglutenfreeblog.com."
Serving Size: 1 (168 g)
Servings Per Recipe: 8
"I used this in a sandwich and also by itself. Thanks! Made for Pick a Chef event in the contests/events forum."


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Enter or verify that code SUMMER50 is in your cart at checkout, and a $15 discount will be applied to your order over $100, and a $50 discount will be applied to your order over $250. Your savings will be based on the merchandise total only, excluding shipping, handling, additional freight, and taxes. This offer can not be combined with any other offer. Other restrictions and exclusions may apply. Offer expires at 11:59pm ET on 8/23/14. Click here for full details >
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Product DescriptionHook all the looks in the Under Armour Little Boys' Fish Hook Logo Short-Sleeve T-Shirt. Made of 100% Charged Cotton, this tee is perfect for the active wearer. The soft cotton finish reduces irritation that can come from tees with stiffer fabrics, while the Charged Cotton has allows this tee to dry quicker than normal cotton t-shirts. The Under Armour Moisture Transport System wicks sweat away from the body, keeping you cool and dry all day long. It's important to have a tee that performs well, but you also want to look good, and the Fish Hook Logo T-Shirt has that covered. The Under Armour logo has been redesigned into a fish hook style, which gives this tee a dramatic and intense edge that is perfect for helping you stand out from the crowd. Imported.


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Calvert, St. Mary's and Charles County
Water Main Break in Waldorf
Story Category: Live Updates »
Water Main Break in Waldorf
Waldorf, MD - 11/30/2011
Water main break on Route 5 at Vivian Adams Drive. Normal water service expected to return by 4:30 AM. For discolored water, run spigots until clear.
For more information call the Department of Public Works/Utilities Division 301-609-7400.
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These jeans are super comfortable. They were better than expected.
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SIR - You published a graph comparing the total tax revenues as a percentage of GDP in your report on Germany's tax debate ("Whether and when to cut", May 24th). This graph ignored most of America's health spending, which is included in other countries.
I would contend that health spending is no more optional than taxation. Therefore, it would be extremely interesting to see this chart modified to include all private health spending in each country. Then we will see which governments truly are better value for money.
John Kitchen
Barton Seagrave, Northamptonshire


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|Product Type: Organizer systems
|Intended Use: Clothing
|Finish: Cherry
|Mount Type: Free standing
|Portable: No
|Stackable: No
|Country of Manufacture: United States
Questions & Answers
"Hi, does this closet box require assembly?" asked by Angeles
Sauder Lancaster 14.5" Deep Closet Box Cabinet
Perfect for closet.
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A very nice piece of furniture that was reasonably easy to assemble. Certainly enhanced the look and usefulness of the closet.
Closet system
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Love that it is narrow and serves its purpose to keep the closet organized. It looks nice, but be aware that it is not real wood and it doesn't look like real wood. Overall a very nice improvement for daughter's closet.
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I absolutely love this product. With very little closet space, this organizer allowed me to fit everything with room to spare. I put it together myself but it is definitely easier if you have another person to help you. The only problem I encountered was the "wood" smell, but that goes away eventually. I highly recommend this product if you have limited closet space or if you just want to organize your closet.
pretty good
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the organizer is great - would have give 5 stars but for over $200 it looks like cheap lamminate
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Not only it is functional, but beautiful. I absolutely love it and it compliments my decor perfectly!
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I have a lot of clothes and I needed a good closet organizer. I felt it would be a great asset to have and I was right!. I am organized. My closet is not only efficient but stylish.
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First of all, this product was roughly 100 dollars cheaper on Wayfair.com than it was with other competitors. Secondly, when I compared it to similar products offered by other brick and mortar stores, this one was definitely a winner. The material that it is made of is not something that will last forever, but if you're looking for forever you may want to consider spending more money. One factor that I loved is that this product comes with the drawers as part of the standard package. I've found others that didn't, which exponentially increased the price of the product if you were to configure it as you see here. This was surely a good investment.
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These storage towers were nothing less than what I expected. I am definitely one happy customer. Once I got the first one together, the second one was a breeze. For the price especially, it was definitely a great option.


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Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc.Annotate this Case
- Syllabus
- Case
U.S. Supreme Court
Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc., 436 U.S. 307 (1978)
Marshall v. Barlow's, Inc.
No. 76-1143
Argued January 9, 1978
Decided May 23, 1978
Appellee brought this action to obtain injunctive relief against a warrantless inspection of its business premises pursuant to § 8(a) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA), which empowers agents of the Secretary of Labor to search the work area of any employment facility within OSHA's jurisdiction for safety hazards and violations of OSHA regulations. A three-judge District Court ruled in appellee's favor, concluding, in reliance on Camara v. Municipal Court,387 U. S. 523, 387 U. S. 528-529, and See v. Seattle,387 U. S. 541, 387 U. S. 543, that the Fourth Amendment required a warrant for the type of search involved and that the statutory authorization for warrantless inspections was unconstitutional.
Held: The inspection without a warrant or its equivalent pursuant to § 8(a) of OSHA violated the Fourth Amendment. Pp. 436 U. S. 311-325.
(a) The rule that warrantless searches are generally unreasonable applies to commercial premises as well as homes. Camara v. Municipal Court, supra, and See v. Seattle, supra. Pp. 436 U. S. 311-313.
(b) Though an exception to the search warrant requirement has been recognized for "closely regulated" industries "long subject to close supervision and inspection," Colonnade Catering Corp. v. United States,397 U. S. 72, 397 U. S. 74, 397 U. S. 77, that exception does not apply simply because the business is in interstate commerce. Pp. 436 U. S. 313-314.
(c) Nor does an employer's necessary utilization of employees in his operation mean that he has opened areas where the employees alone are permitted to the warrantless scrutiny of Government agents. Pp. 436 U. S. 314-315.
(d) Insofar as experience to date indicates, requiring warrants to make OSHA inspections will impose no serious burdens on the inspection system or the courts. The advantages of surprise through the opportunity of inspecting without prior notice will not be lost if, after entry to an inspector is refused, an ex parte warrant can be obtained, facilitating an inspector's reappearance at the premises without further notice; and appellant Secretary's entitlement to a warrant will not depend on his demonstrating probable cause to believe that conditions on the premises
violate OSHA, but merely that reasonable legislative or administrative standards for conducting an inspection are satisfied with respect to a particular establishment. Pp. 436 U. S. 315-321.
(e) Requiring a warrant for OSHA inspections does not mean that, as a practical matter, warrantless search provisions in other regulatory statutes are unconstitutional, as the reasonableness of those provisions depends upon the specific enforcement needs and privacy guarantees of each statute. Pp. 436 U. S. 321-322.
424 F.Supp. 437, affirmed.
WHITE, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which BURGER, C.J., and STEWART, MARSHALL, and POWELL, JJ., joined. STEVENS, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which BLACKMUN and REHNQUIST, JJ., joined, post, p. 436 U. S. 325. BRENNAN, J., took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.
MR. JUSTICE WHITE delivered the opinion of the Court.
Section 8(a) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA or Act) [Footnote 1] empowers agent of the Secretary of Labor (Secretary) to search the work area of any employment facility within the Act's jurisdiction. The purpose of the search is to inspect for safety hazards and violations of OSHA regulations. No search warrant or other process is expressly required under the Act.
On the morning of September 11, 1975, an OSHA inspector entered the customer service area of Barlow's, Inc., an electrical and plumbing installation business located in Pocatello, Idaho. The president and general manager, Ferrol G. "Bill" Barlow, was on hand; and the OSHA inspector, after showing his credentials, [Footnote 2] informed Mr. Barlow that he wished to conduct
a search of the working areas of the business. Mr. Barlow inquired whether any complaint had been received about his company. The inspector answered no, but that Barlow's, Inc., had simply turned up in the agency's selection process. The inspector again asked to enter the nonpublic area of the business; Mr. Barlow's response was to inquire whether the inspector had a search warrant. The inspector had none. Thereupon, Mr. Barlow refused the inspector admission to the employee area of his business. He said he was relying on his rights as guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution.
Three months later, the Secretary petitioned the United States District Court for the District of Idaho to issue an order compelling Mr. Barlow to admit the inspector. [Footnote 3] The requested order was issued on December 30, 1975, and was presented to Mr. Barlow on January 5, 1976. Mr. Barlow again refused admission, and he sought his own injunctive relief against the warrantless searches assertedly permitted by OSHA. A three-judge court was convened. On December 30, 1976, it ruled in Mr. Barlow's favor. 424 F.Supp. 437. Concluding that Camara v. Municipal Court,387 U. S. 523, 387 U. S. 528-529 (1967), and See v. Seattle,387 U. S. 541, 387 U. S. 543 (1967), controlled this case, the court held that the Fourth Amendment required a warrant for the type of search involved here [Footnote 4] and that the statutory authorization for warrantless inspections was unconstitutional. An injunction against searches or inspections pursuant to § 8(a) was entered. The Secretary appealed, challenging the judgment, and we noted probable jurisdiction. 430 U.S. 964.
The Secretary urges that warrantless inspections to enforce OSHA are reasonable within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. Among other things, he relies on § 8(a) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 657(a), which authorizes inspection of business premises without a warrant and which the Secretary urges represents a congressional construction of the Fourth Amendment that the courts should not reject. Regrettably, we are unable to agree.
The Warrant Clause of the Fourth Amendment protects commercial buildings as well as private homes. To hold otherwise would belie the origin of that Amendment, and the American colonial experience. An important forerunner of the first 10 Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Virginia Bill of Rights, specifically opposed "general warrants, whereby an officer or messenger may be commanded to search suspected places without evidence of a fact committed." [Footnote 5] The general warrant was a recurring point of contention in the Colonies immediately preceding the Revolution. [Footnote 6] The particular offensiveness it engendered was acutely felt by the merchants and businessmen whose premises and products were inspected for compliance with the several parliamentary revenue measures that most irritated the colonists. [Footnote 7]
"[T]he Fourth Amendment's commands grew in large measure out of the colonists' experience with the writs of assistance . . . [that] granted sweeping power to customs officials and other agents of the King to search at large for smuggled goods."
United States v. Chadwick,433 U. S. 1, 433 U. S. 7-8 (1977).
See also G. M. Leasing Corp. v. United States,429 U. S. 338, 429 U. S. 355 (1977). Against this background, it is untenable that the ban on warrantless searches was not intended to shield places of business as well as of residence.
This Court has already held that warrantless searches are generally unreasonable, and that this rule applies to commercial premises as well as homes. In Camara v. Municipal Court, supra at 387 U. S. 528-529, we held:
"[E]xcept in certain carefully defined classes of cases, a search of private property without proper consent is 'unreasonable' unless it has been authorized by a valid search warrant."
On the same day, we also ruled:
"As we explained in Camara, a search of private houses is presumptively unreasonable if conducted without a warrant. The businessman, like the occupant of a residence, has a constitutional right to go about his business free from unreasonable official entries upon his private commercial property. The businessman, too, has that right placed in jeopardy if the decision to enter and inspect for violation of regulatory laws can be made and enforced by the inspector in the field without official authority evidenced by a warrant."
See v. Seattle, supra at 387 U. S. 543.
These same cases also held that the Fourth Amendment prohibition against unreasonable searches protects against warrantless intrusions during civil, as well as criminal, investigations. Ibid. The reason is found in the
"basic purpose of this Amendment . . . [which] is to safeguard the privacy and security of individuals against arbitrary invasions by governmental officials."
Camara, supra at 387 U. S. 528. If the government intrudes on a person's property, the privacy interest suffers whether the government's motivation is to investigate violations of criminal laws or breaches of other statutory or
regulatory standards. It therefore appears that, unless some recognized exception to the warrant requirement applies, See v. Seattle would require a warrant to conduct the inspection sought in this case.
The Secretary urges that an exception from the search warrant requirement has been recognized for "pervasively regulated business[es]," United States v. Biswell,406 U. S. 311, 406 U. S. 316 (1972), and for "closely regulated" industries "long subject to close supervision and inspection." Colonnade Catering Corp. v. United States,397 U. S. 72, 397 U. S. 74, 77 (1970). These cases are indeed exceptions, but they represent responses to relatively unique circumstances. Certain industries have such a history of government oversight that no reasonable expectation of privacy, see Katz v. United States,389 U. S. 347, 389 U. S. 351-352 (1967), could exist for a proprietor over the stock of such an enterprise. Liquor (Colonnade) and firearms (Biswell) are industries of this type; when an entrepreneur embarks upon such a business, he has voluntarily chosen to subject himself to a full arsenal of governmental regulation.
Industries such as these fall within the "certain carefully defined classes of cases," referenced in Camara, 387 U.S. at 387 U. S. 528. The element that distinguishes these enterprises from ordinary businesses is a long tradition of close government supervision, of which any person who chooses to enter such a business must already be aware.
"A central difference between those cases [Colonnade and Biswell] and this one is that businessmen engaged in such federally licensed and regulated enterprises accept the burdens as well as the benefits of their trade, whereas the petitioner here was not engaged in any regulated or licensed business. The businessman in a regulated industry in effect consents to the restrictions placed upon him."
Almeida-Sanchez v. United States,413 U. S. 266, 413 U. S. 271 (1973).
The clear import of our cases is that the closely regulated industry of the type involved in Colonnade and Biswell is the exception. The Secretary would make it the rule. Invoking
the Walsh-Healey Act of 1936, 41 U.S.C. § 35 et seq., the Secretary attempts to support a conclusion that all businesses involved in interstate commerce have long been subjected to close supervision of employee safety and health conditions. But the degree of federal involvement in employee working circumstances has never been of the order of specificity and pervasiveness that OSHA mandates. It is quite unconvincing to argue that the imposition of minimum wages and maximum hours on employers who contracted with the Government under the Walsh-Healey Act prepared the entirety of American interstate commerce for regulation of working conditions to the minutest detail. Nor can any but the most fictional sense of voluntary consent to later searches be found in the single fact that one conducts a business affecting interstate commerce; under current practice and law, few businesses can be conducted without having some effect on interstate commerce.
The Secretary also attempts to derive support for a Colonnde-Biswell type exception by drawing analogies from the field of labor law. In Republic Aviation Corp. v. NLRB,324 U. S. 793 (1945), this Court upheld the rights of employees to solicit for a union during nonworking time where efficiency was not compromised. By opening up his property to employees, the employer had yielded so much of his private property rights as to allow those employees to exercise § 7 rights under the National Labor Relations Act. But this Court also held that the private property rights of an owner prevailed over the intrusion of nonemployee organizers, even in nonworking area of the plant and during nonworking hours. NLRB v. Babcock & Wilcox Co.,351 U. S. 105 (1956).
The critical fact in this case is that entry over Mr. Barlow's objection is being sought by a Government agent. [Footnote 8] Employees
are not being prohibited from reporting OSHA violations. What they observe in their daily functions is undoubtedly beyond the employer's reasonable expectation of privacy. The Government inspector, however, is not an employee. Without a warrant, he stands in no better position than a member of the public. What is observable by the public is observable, without a warrant, by the Government inspector as well. [Footnote 9] The owner of a business has not, by the necessary utilization of employees in his operation, thrown open the areas where employees alone are permitted to the warrantless scrutiny of Government agents. That an employee is free to report, and the Government is free to use, any evidence of noncompliance with OSHA that the employee observes furnishes no justification for federal agents to enter a place of business from which the public is restricted and to conduct their own warrantless search. [Footnote 10]
The Secretary nevertheless stoutly argues that the enforcement scheme of the Act requires warrantless searches, and that the restrictions on search discretion contained in the Act and its regulations already protect as much privacy as a warrant would. The Secretary thereby asserts the actual reasonableness of OSHA searches, whatever the general rule against warrantless searches might be. Because "reasonableness is still the ultimate standard," Camara v. Municipal
Court, 387 U.S. at 387 U. S. 539, the Secretary suggests that the Court decide whether a warrant is needed by arriving at a sensible balance between the administrative necessities of OSHA inspections and the incremental protection of privacy of business owners a warrant would afford. He suggests that only a decision exempting OSHA inspections from the Warrant Clause would give "full recognition to the competing public and private interests here at stake." Ibid.
The Secretary submits that warrantless inspections are essential to the proper enforcement of OSHA because they afford the opportunity to inspect without prior notice, and hence to preserve the advantages of surprise. While the dangerous conditions outlawed by the Act include structural defects that cannot be quickly hidden or remedied, the Act also regulates a myriad of safety details that may be amenable to speedy alteration or disguise. The risk is that, during the interval between an inspector's initial request to search a plant and his procuring a warrant following the owner's refusal of permission, violations of this latter type could be corrected, and thus escape the inspector's notice. To the suggestion that warrants may be issued ex parte and executed without delay and without prior notice, thereby preserving the element of surprise, the Secretary expresses concern for the administrative strain that would be experienced by the inspection system, and by the courts should ex parte warrants issued in advance become standard practice.
We are unconvinced, however, that requiring warrants to inspect will impose serious burdens on the inspection system or the courts, will prevent inspections necessary to enforce the statute, or will make them less effective. In the first place, the great majority of businessmen can be expected in normal course to consent to inspection without warrant; the Secretary has not brought to this Court's attention any widespread pattern of refusal. [Footnote 11] In those cases where an owner does insist
on a warrant; the Secretary argues that inspection efficiency will be impeded by the advance notice and delay. The Act's penalty provisions for giving advance notice of a search, 29 U.S.C. § 666(f), and the Secretary's own regulations, 29 CFR § 1903.6 (1977) , indicate that surprise searches are indeed contemplated. However, the Secretary has also promulgated a regulation providing that, upon refusal to permit an inspector to enter the property or to complete his inspection, the inspector shall attempt to ascertain the reasons for the refusal and report to his superior, who shall "promptly take appropriate action, including compulsory process, if necessary." 29 CFR § 1903.4 (1977). [Footnote 12] The regulation represents a choice to proceed
by process where entry is refused; and, on the basis of evidence available from present practice, the Act's effectiveness has not been crippled by providing those owners who wish to refuse an initial requested entry with a time lapse while the inspector obtains the necessary process. [Footnote 13] Indeed, the kind of process sought in this case and apparently anticipated by the regulation provides notice to the business operator. [Footnote 14]
If this safeguard endangers the efficient administration of OSHA, the Secretary should never have adopted it, particularly when the Act does not require it. Nor is it immediately
apparent why the advantages of surprise would be lost if, after being refused entry, procedures were available for the Secretary to seek an ex parte warrant and to reappear at the premises without further notice to the establishment being inspected. [Footnote 15]
Whether the Secretary proceeds to secure a warrant or other process, with or without prior notice, his entitlement to inspect will not depend on his demonstrating probable cause to believe that conditions in violation of OSHA exist on the premises. Probable cause in the criminal law sense is not required. For purposes of an administrative search such as this, probable cause justifying the issuance of a warrant may be based not only on specific evidence of an existing violation, [Footnote 16] but also on a showing that "reasonable legislative or administrative standards for conducting an . . . inspection are satisfied with respect to a particular [establishment]." Camara
v. Municipal Court, 387 U.S. at 387 U. S. 538. A warrant showing that a specific business has been chosen for an OSHA search on the basis of a general administrative plan for the enforcement of the Act derived from neutral sources such as, for example, dispersion of employees in various types of industries across a given area, and the desired frequency of searches in any of the lesser divisions of the area, would protect an employer's Fourth Amendment rights. [Footnote 17] We doubt that the consumption of enforcement energies in the obtaining of such warrants will exceed manageable proportions.
Finally, the Secretary urges that requiring a warrant for OSHA inspectors will mean that, as a practical matter, warrantless search provisions in other regulatory statutes are also constitutionally infirm. The reasonableness of a warrantless search, however, will depend upon the specific enforcement needs and privacy guarantees of each statute. Some of the statutes cited apply only to a single industry, where regulations might already be so pervasive that a Colonnade-Biswell exception to the warrant requirement could apply. Some statutes already envision resort to federal court enforcement when entry is refused, employing specific language in some cases [Footnote 18] and general language in others. [Footnote 19] In short, we base
today's opinion on the facts and law concerned with OSHA, and do not retreat from a holding appropriate to that statute because of its real or imagined effect on other, different administrative schemes.
Nor do we agree that the incremental protections afforded the employer's privacy by a warrant are so marginal that they fail to justify the administrative burdens that may be entailed.
The authority to make warrantless searches devolves almost unbridled discretion upon executive and administrative officers, particularly those in the field, as to when to search and whom to search. A warrant, by contrast, would provide assurances from a neutral officer that the inspection is reasonable under the Constitution, is authorized by statute, and is pursuant to an administrative plan containing specific neutral criteria. [Footnote 20] Also, a warrant would then and there advise the owner of the scope and objects of the search, beyond which limits the inspector is not expected to proceed. [Footnote 21] These are important functions for a warrant to perform, functions which underlie the Court's prior decisions that the Warrant Clause applies to
inspections for compliance with regulatory statutes. [Footnote 22] Camara v. Municipal Court,387 U. S. 523 (1967); See v. Seattle,387 U. S. 541 (1967). We conclude that the concerns expressed by the Secretary do not suffice to justify warrantless inspections under OSHA or vitiate the general constitutional requirement that for a search to be reasonable a warrant must be obtained.
We hold that Barlow's was entitled to a declaratory judgment that the Act is unconstitutional insofar as it purports to authorize inspections without warrant or its equivalent and to an injunction enjoining the Act's enforcement to that extent. [Footnote 23] The judgment of the District Court is therefore affirmed.
So ordered.
MR. JUSTICE BRENNAN took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.
"In order to carry out the purposes of this chapter, the Secretary, upon presenting appropriate credentials to the owner, operator, or agent in charge, is authorized -- "
"(1) to enter without delay and at reasonable times any factory, plant, establishment, construction site, or other area, workplace or environment where work is performed by an employee of an employer; and"
"(2) to inspect and investigate during regular working hours and at other reasonable times, and within reasonable limits and in a reasonable manner, any such place of employment and all pertinent conditions, structures, machines, apparatus, devices, equipment, and materials therein, and to question privately any such employer, owner, operator, agent, or employee."
8 Stat. 1598, 29 U.S.C. § 657(a).
This is required by the Act. Seen 1, supra.
A regulation of the Secretary, 29 CFR § 1903.4 (1977), requires an inspector to seek compulsory process if an employer refuses a requested search. See infra at 436 U. S. 317, and n. 12.
No res judicata bar arose against Mr. Barlow from the December 30, 1975, order authorizing a search, because the earlier decision reserved the constitutional issue. See 424 F.Supp. 437.
H. Commager, Documents of American History 104 (8th ed.1968).
See, e.g., Dickerson, Writs of Assistance as a Cause of the Revolution in The Era of the American Revolution 40 (R. Morris ed.1939).
The Stamp Act of 1765, the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767, and the tea tax of 1773 are notable examples. See Commager, supra,n 5, at 53, 63. For commentary, see 1 S. Morison, H. Commager, & W. Leuchtenburg, The Growth of the American Republic 143, 149, 159 (1969).
The Government has asked that Mr. Barlow be ordered to show cause why he should not be held in contempt for refusing to honor the inspection order, and its position is that the OSHA inspector is now entitled to enter at once, over Mr. Barlow's objection.
Cf. Air Pollution Variance Bd. v. Western Alfalfa Corp.,416 U. S. 861 (1974).
The automobile search cases cited by the Secretary are even less helpful to his position than the labor cases. The fact that automobiles occupy a special category in Fourth Amendment case law is by now beyond doubt due, among other factors, to the quick mobility of a car, the registration requirements of both the car and the driver, and the more available opportunity for plain view observations of a car's contents. Cady v. Dombrowski,413 U. S. 433, 413 U. S. 441-442 (1973); see also Chambers v. Maroney,399 U. S. 42, 399 U. S. 451 (1970). Even so, probable cause has not been abandoned as a requirement for stopping and searching an automobile.
We recognize that today's holding itself might have an impact on whether owners choose to resist requested searches; we can only await the development of evidence not present on this record to determine how serious an impediment to effective enforcement this might be.
It is true, as the Secretary asserts, that § 8(a) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 657(a), purports to authorize inspections without warrant; but it is also true that it does not forbid the Secretary from proceeding to inspect only by warrant or other process. The Secretary has broad authority to prescribe such rules and regulations as he may deem necessary to carry out his responsibilities under this chapter, "including rules and regulations dealing with the inspection of an employer's establishment." § 8(g)(2), 29 U.S.C. § 657(g)(2). The regulations with respect to inspections are contained in 29 CFR Part 1903 (1977). Section 1903.4, referred to in the text, provides as follows:
"Upon a refusal to permit a Compliance Safety and Health Officer, in the exercise of his official duties, to enter without delay and at reasonable times any place of employment or any place therein, to inspect, to review records, or to question any employer, owner, operator, agent, or employee, in accordance with § 1903.3, or to permit a representative of employees to accompany the Compliance Safety and Health Officer during the physical inspection of any workplace in accordance with § 1903.8, the Compliance Safety and Health Officer shall terminate the inspection or confine the inspection to other areas, conditions, structures, machines, apparatus, devices, equipment, materials, records, or interviews concerning which no objection is raised. The Compliance Safety and Health Officer shall endeavor to ascertain the reason for such refusal, and he shall immediately report the refusal and the reason therefor to the Area Director. The Area Director shall immediately consult with the Assistant Regional Director and the Regional Solicitor, who shall promptly take appropriate action, including compulsory process, if necessary."
When his representative was refused admission by Mr. Barlow, the Secretary proceeded in federal court to enforce his right to enter and inspect, as conferred by 29 U.S.C. § 657.
A change in the language of the Compliance Operations Manual for OSHA inspectors supports the inference that, whatever the Act's administrators might have thought at the start, it was eventually concluded that enforcement efficiency would not be jeopardized by permitting employers to refuse entry, at least until the inspector obtained compulsory process. The 1972 Manual included a section specifically directed to obtaining "warrants," and one provision of that section dealt with ex parte warrants:
"In cases where a refusal of entry is to be expected from the past performance of the employer, or where the employer has given some indication prior to the commencement of the investigation of his intention to bar entry or limit or interfere with the investigation, a warrant should be obtained before the inspection is attempted. Cases of this nature should also be referred through the Area Director to the appropriate Regional Solicitor and the Regional Administrator alerted."
Dept. of Labor, OSHA Compliance Operations Manual V-7 (Jan.1972). The latest available manual, incorporating changes as of November, 1977, deletes this provision, leaving only the details for obtaining "compulsory process" after an employer has refused entry. Dept. of Labor, OSHA Field Operations Manual, Vol. V, pp. V-4 - V-5. In its present form, the Secretary's regulation appears to permit establishment owners to insist on "process", and hence their refusal to permit entry would fall short of criminal conduct within the meaning of 18 U.S.C. §§ 111 and 1114 (1976 ed.), which make it a crime forcibly to impede, intimidate, or interfere with federal officials, including OSHA inspectors, while engaged in or on account of the performance of their official duties.
The proceeding was instituted by filing an "Application for Affirmative Order to Grant Entry and for an Order to show cause why such affirmative order should not issue." The District Court issued the order to show cause, the matter was argued, and an order then issued authorizing the inspection and enjoining interference by Barlow's. The following is the order issued by the District Court:
"IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that the United States of America, United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, through its duly designated representative or representatives, are entitled to entry upon the premises known as Barlow's Inc., 225 West Pine, Pocatello, Idaho, and may go upon said business premises to conduct an inspection and investigation as provided for in Section 8 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 651, et seq.), as part of an inspection program designed to assure compliance with that Act; that the inspection and investigation shall be conducted during regular working hours or at other reasonable times, within reasonable limits and in a reasonable manner, all as set forth in the regulations pertaining to such inspections promulgated by the Secretary of Labor, at 29 C.F.R., Part 1903; that appropriate credentials as representatives of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, United States Department of Labor, shall be presented to the Barlow's Inc. representative upon said premises and the inspection and investigation shall be commenced as soon as practicable after the issuance of this Order and shall be completed within reasonable promptness; that the inspection and investigation shall extend to the establishment or other area, workplace, or environment where work is performed by employees of the employer, Barlow's Inc., and to all pertinent conditions, structures, machines, apparatus, devices, equipment, materials, and all other things therein (including but not limited to records, files, papers, processes, controls, and facilities) bearing upon whether Barlow's Inc. is furnishing to its employees employment and a place of employment that are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to its employees, and whether Barlow's Inc. is complying with the Occupational Safety and Health Standards promulgated under the Occupational Safety and Health Act and the rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to that Act; that representatives of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration may, at the option of Barlow's Inc., be accompanied by one or more employees of Barlow's Inc., pursuant to Section 8(e) of that Act; that Barlow's Inc., its agents, representatives, officers, and employees are hereby enjoined and restrained from in anyway whatsoever interfering with the inspection and investigation authorized by this Order and, further, Barlow's Inc. is hereby ordered and directed to, within five working days from the date of this Order, furnish a copy of this Order to its officers and managers, and, in addition, to post a copy of this Order at its employee's bulletin board located upon the business premises; and Barlow's Inc. is hereby ordered and directed to comply in all respects with this order and allow the inspection and investigation to take place without delay and forthwith."
Insofar as the Secretary's statutory authority is concerned, a regulation expressly providing that the Secretary could proceed ex parte to seek a warrant or its equivalent would appear to be as much within the Secretary's power as the regulation currently in force and calling for "compulsory process."
Section 8(f)(1), 29 U.S.C. § 657(f)(1), provides that employees or their representatives may give written notice to the Secretary of what they believe to be violations of safety or health standards and may request an inspection. If the Secretary then determines that
"there are reasonable grounds to believe that such violation or danger exists, he shall make a special inspection in accordance with the provisions of this section as soon as practicable."
The statute thus purports to authorize a warrantless inspection in these circumstances.
The Secretary, Brief for Petitioner 9 n. 7, states that the Barlow inspection was not based on an employee complaint, but was a "general schedule" investigation. "Such general inspections," he explains,
"now called Regional Programmed Inspections, are carried out in accordance with criteria based upon accident experience and the number of employees exposed in particular industries. United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Field Operations Manual, supra, 1 CCH Employment Safety and Health Guide
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