text:
State religion
A state religion (also called an established religion, state church, established church, or official religion) is a religious body or creed officially endorsed by the state. A state with an official religion, while not secular, is not necessarily a theocracy.
The term state church is associated with Christianity, historically the state church of the Roman Empire, and is sometimes used to denote a specific modern national branch of Christianity. Closely related to state churches are what sociologists call ecclesiae, though the two are slightly different.
State religions are official or government-sanctioned establishments of a religion, but neither does the state need be under the control of the church (as in a theocracy), nor is the state-sanctioned church necessarily under the control of the state.
The institution of state-sponsored religious cults is ancient, reaching into the Ancient Near East and prehistory. The relation of religious cult and the state was discussed by Varro, under the term of theologia civilis ("civic theology"). The first state-sponsored Christian church was the Armenian Apostolic Church, established in 301 AD.[1]
- 1 Types of state religion
- 2 Current state religions
- 2.1 Christian countries
- 2.2 Muslim countries
- 2.3 Buddhist countries
- 2.4 Israel
- 3 Former state religions
- 3.1 Ancient
- 3.2 Modern era
- 4 States without a state religion
- 5 Established churches and former state churches
- 6 See also
- 7 Notes
- 8 References
- 9 Further reading
- 10 External links
Types of state religion[edit]
The degree and nature of state backing for denomination or creed designated as a state religion can vary. It can range from mere endorsement (with or without financial support) with freedom for other faiths to practice, to prohibiting any competing religious body from operating and to persecuting the followers of other sects. In Europe, competition between Catholic and Protestant denominations for state sponsorship in the 16th century evolved the principle cuius regio eius religio ("states follow the religion of the ruler") embodied in the text of the treaty that marked the Peace of Augsburg, 1555. In England, Henry VIII broke with Rome in 1534, being declared the "Supreme Head on earth of the Church of England",[2] the official religion of England continued to be "Catholicism without the Pope" until after his death in 1547,[3] while in Scotland the Church of Scotland opposed the religion of the ruler.
In some cases, an administrative region may sponsor and fund a set of religious denominations; such is the case in Alsace-Moselle in France under its local law, following the pre-1905 French concordatry legal system and patterns in Germany.[4]
In some communist states, notably in North Korea and Cuba, the state sponsors religious organizations, and activities outside those state-sponsored religious organizations are met with various degrees of official disapproval. In these cases, state religions are widely seen as efforts by the state to prevent alternate sources of authority.[citation needed]
State churches[edit]
There is also a difference between a "state church" and the broader term of "state religion". A "state church" is a state religion created by a state for use exclusively by that state. An example of a "state religion" that's not also a "state church", is Roman Catholicism in Costa Rica which was accepted as the state religion in the 1949 Constitution, despite the lack of a national church. In the case of a "state church", the state has absolute control over the church, but in the case of a "state religion", the church is ruled by an exterior body (in the case of Catholicism, the Vatican has control over the church). In either case, the official state religion has some influence over the ruling of the state. As of 2012, there are only seven state churches left, as most countries which once featured state churches have separated the church from their government.
Disestablishment is the process of repealing a church's status as an organ of the state. Opponents of disestablishment are known as antidisestablishmentarians.
Current state religions[edit]
Currently, the following religions have been established as state religions in some countries. All are versions of Christianity, Islam or Buddhism.
Christian countries[edit]
The following states recognize some form of Christianity as their state or official religion (by denomination):
Jurisdictions where Catholicism has been established as a state or official religion:
- Other
The above listed countries also give constitutional privileges to Catholicism without necessarily referring to it as the state religion.
Eastern Orthodox[edit]
Jurisdictions where one of the Eastern Orthodox Churches has been established as a state religion:
- Greece: Church of Greece[14]
- Mount Athos (officially the 'Autonomous Monastic State of the Holy Mountain')
- Other
Georgian Orthodox Church[15] is not the state religion of Georgia but has a special constitutional agreement with the state (See Concordat of 2002)
The Finnish Orthodox Church[16] is not the state religion of Finland but has a special relationship with the Finnish state. The internal structure of the church is described in the Orthodox Church Act. The church has a power to tax its members, and receives a share of corporate tax revenue of the state.[17] The church does not consider itself a state church, as the state does not have the authority to affect its internal workings or theology.
Jurisdictions where a Lutheran church has been established as a state religion include the Nordic countries. Membership is very high among the general population, however the amount of actively participating members and believers is considerably lower than in many other countries with similar membership statistics. Furthermore, all of these churches have lately seen decline in the percentage of the population being members.
- Denmark (Church of Denmark)[18] Also the Church of the Faroe Islands is the state church of the Faroe Islands, a territory of Denmark.
- Iceland (Church of Iceland)[19] (76.81% of population members at 1 January 2012) [20]
- Norway (Church of Norway)[21][22][23]
- Other
The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland has a special relationship with the Finnish state, its internal structure being described in a special law, the Church Act.[16] The Church Act can be amended only by a decision of the synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church and subsequent ratification by the Parliament of Finland. The Church Act is protected by the Finnish Constitution and the state can not change the Church Act without changing the constitution. The church has a power to tax its members and all corporations unless a majority of shareholders are members of the Finnish Orthodox Church. The state collects these taxes for the church, for a fee. On the other hand, the church is required to give a burial place for everyone in its graveyards.[24] (77.2% of population members at the end of 2011).[25] The President of the Republic of Finland also decides the themes for intercession days. The church does not consider itself a state church, as the Finnish state does not have the power to influence its internal workings or its theology, although it has a veto in those changes of the internal structure which require changing the Church Act. Neither does the Finnish state accord any precedence to Lutherans or the Lutheran faith in its own acts.
Sweden relegated their state church, Church of Sweden, to a national church in 2000. In late 2011 the Church of Sweden had 68.8% of the population as its members. Memberships are high because until 1996 membership was automatic for children of members. Since 1996, baptism is the basis for membership.[26]
Jurisdictions where a Reformed church has been established as a state religion:
- Other
The Church of Scotland is recognized as the national church of Scotland, but is not a state church and thus differs from the Church of England. Its constitution, which is recognised by acts of the British Parliament, gives it complete independence from the state in spiritual matters.[27]
At the cantonal state level in Switzerland, of 26 Swiss cantons, 24 give official recognition to both the Roman Catholic Church and the Swiss Reformed Church. The Cantons of Geneva and Neuchâtel have no state recognized church. At the federal state level, Switzerland has no official religion.
Jurisdictions where an Anglican church has been established as a state religion:
The Church of England is the officially established religious institution [28] in England, and also the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. It is the only established Anglican Church. The British monarch is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England and is Defender of the Faith. In 19th century England there was a campaign by Liberals, dissenters and nonconformists to disestablish the Church of England, even when most of its privileges had been removed by Parliament. The campaigners styled themselves "Liberationists" (the "Liberation Society" was founded by Edward Miall in 1853). Though their campaign failed, nearly all of the legal disabilities of nonconformists were gradually dismantled. The campaign for disestablishment was revived in the 20th century when Parliament rejected the 1929 revision of the Book of Common Prayer, leading to calls for separation of Church and State to prevent political interference in matters of worship.
Lords Spiritual, who are the 26 most senior Archbishops and Bishops in the Church are reserved seats in Parliament in the House of Lords. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Archbishop of York, Bishop of London, Bishop of Durham, and the Bishop of Winchester sit automatically with the 21 longest-serving Bishops.
Additional notes[edit]
In Alsace-Moselle - The Concordat in Alsace-Moselle is the part of the Local law in Alsace-Moselle relating to the official status accorded to certain religions in these territories. This Concordat is a remnant of the Napoleonic Concordat of 1801. The 1801 Concordat was abrogated in the rest of France by the law of 1905 on the separation of church and state. However, at the time, Alsace-Moselle had been annexed by Germany, so the Concordat remained in force in these areas. The Concordat recognises four religious traditions in Alsace-Moselle: the Jewish religion and three branches of Christianity: Catholic, Lutheran and Reformed. Therefore the separation of church, the famous French concept of Laïcité, does not apply in this region. [29]
Muslim countries[edit]
|This section needs additional citations for verification. (April 2012)
Many Muslim-majority countries have constitutionally established Islam, or a specific form of it, as a state religion. Proselytism on behalf of other religions is often illegal.
Islam (non-denominational)[edit]
- Bangladesh (Section 2A of the 1972 constitution specifies, "The state religion of the Republic is Islam, but other religions may be practiced in peace and harmony in the Republic."[30])
- Djibouti[31]
- Iraq
- Pakistan[32]
- Palestine[33]
Sunni Islam[edit]
- Afghanistan
- Algeria
- Brunei
- Comoros
- Egypt
- Jordan
- Libya
- Maldives
- Malaysia
- Mauritania
- Morocco
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
Shiʾa Islam[edit]
Mixed Shia and Sunni[edit]
Buddhist countries[edit]
Governments where Buddhism, either a specific form of, or the whole, has been established as an official religion:
Theravada Buddhism[edit]
- Other
The constitution of Sri Lanka accords Buddhism the "foremost place", although it does not identify it as a state religion.[35]
Likewise, in Thailand, the 2007 Thai constitution recognized Buddhism as "the religion of Thai tradition with the most adherents".[citation needed] However, it is not formally identified as a state religion.
Vajrayana Buddhism[edit]
- Bhutan (Drukpa Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism)[36]
Israel is defined in several of its laws as a "Jewish and democratic state" (medina yehudit ve-demokratit). However, the term "Jewish" is a polyseme that can describe the Jewish people as both an ethnic or a religious group. The debate about the meaning of the term "Jewish" and its legal and social applications is one of the most profound issues with which Israeli society deals.
The State of Israel supports religious institutions, particularly Orthodox Jewish ones, and recognizes the "religious communities" as carried over from those recognized under the British Mandate. These are: Jewish and Christian (Eastern Orthodox, Latin [Catholic], Gregorian-Armenian, Armenian-Catholic, Syrian [Catholic], Chaldean [Uniate], Greek Catholic Melkite, Maronite, and Syrian Orthodox). The fact that the Muslim population was not defined as a religious community is a vestige of the Ottoman period[citation needed] during which Islam was the dominant religion and does not affect the rights of the Muslim community to practice their faith. At the end of the period covered by the 2009 U.S. International Religious Freedom Report, several of these denominations were pending official government recognition; however, the Government has allowed adherents of not officially recognized groups freedom to practice. In 1961, legislation gave Muslim Shari'a courts exclusive jurisdiction in matters of personal status. Three additional religious communities have subsequently been recognized by Israeli law: the Druze (prior under Islamic jurisdiction), the Evangelical Episcopal Church, and the Bahá'í.[37] These groups have their own religious courts as official state courts for personal status matters (see millet system).
The structure and goals of the Chief Rabbinate of Israel are governed by Israeli law, but the law does not say explicitly that it is a state Rabbinate. However, outspoken Israeli secularists such as Shulamit Aloni and Uri Avnery have long maintained that it is that in practice. Non-recognition of other streams of Judaism such as Reform Judaism and Conservative Judaism is the cause of some controversy; rabbis belonging to these currents are not recognized as such by state institutions and marriages performed by them are not recognized as valid. As of 2011[update] marriage in Israel provides no provision for civil marriage, marriage between people of different religions, marriages by people who do not belong to one of nine recognised religious communities, or same-sex marriages, although there is recognition of marriages performed abroad.
Political religions[edit]
In some countries, there is a political ideology sponsored by the government that may be called political religion.[38]
Additional notes[edit]
- Indonesia does not declare or designate a state religion. However, the government does only recognize 6 religions: Islam, Protestantism, Catholicism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Confucianism. The Constitution of Indonesia guarantees the freedom of religion and the practice of other religions and beliefs, including the animistic indigenous ones, is not prohibited by any laws. Atheism or agnosticism, although not prosecuted, is discouraged by the state ideology of Pancasila. In addition, the province of Aceh receives a special status and a higher degree of autonomy, in which it may enact laws (qanuns) based on the Sharia and enforce it, especially to its Muslim residents.
- Nepal was once the world's only Hindu state, but has ceased to be so following a declaration by the Parliament in 2006.
- Many countries indirectly fund the activities of different religious denominations by granting tax-exempt status to churches and religious institutions which qualify as charitable organizations.[39][40] However, these religions are not established as state religions.
Former state religions[edit]
Egypt and Sumer[edit]
The concept of state religions was known as long ago as the empires of Egypt and Sumer, when every city state or people had its own god or gods. Many of the early Sumerian rulers were priests of their patron city god. Some of the earliest semi-mythological kings may have passed into the pantheon, like Dumuzid, and some later kings came to be viewed as divine soon after their reigns, like Sargon the Great of Akkad. One of the first rulers to be proclaimed a god during his actual reign was Gudea of Lagash, followed by some later kings of Ur, such as Shulgi. Often, the state religion was integral to the power base of the reigning government, such as in Egypt, where Pharaohs were often thought of as embodiments of the god Horus.
Sassanid Empire[edit]
Zoroastrianism was the state religion of the Sassanid dynasty which lasted until 651, when Persia was conquered by the forces of Islam. However, it persisted as the state religion of the independent state of Hyrcania until the 15th century.
The tiny kingdom of Adiabene in northern Mesopotamia converted to Judaism around 34 AD.
Greek city-states[edit]
Many of the Greek city-states also had a god or goddess associated with that city. This would not be its only god/dess, but the one that received special honors. In ancient Greece, the city of Athens had Athena, Sparta had Ares, Delphi had Apollo and Artemis, Olympia had Zeus, Corinth had Poseidon and Thebes had Demeter.
Roman religion and Christianity[edit]
In Rome, the office of Pontifex Maximus came to be reserved for the Emperor, who was often declared a god posthumously, or sometimes during his reign. Failure to worship the Emperor as a god was at times punishable by death, as the Roman government sought to link emperor worship with loyalty to the Empire. Many Christians and Jews were subject to persecution, torture and death in the Roman Empire, because it was against their beliefs to worship the Emperor.
In 311, Emperor Galerius, on his deathbed, declared a religious indulgence to Christians throughout the Roman Empire, focusing on the ending of anti-Christian persecution. Constantine I and Licinius, the two Augusti, by the Edict of Milan of 313, enacted a law allowing religious freedom to everyone within the Roman Empire. Furthermore, the Edict of Milan cited that Christians may openly practice their religion unmolested and unrestricted, and provided that properties taken from Christians be returned to them unconditionally. Although the Edict of Milan allowed religious freedom throughout the Empire, it did not abolish nor disestablish the Roman state cult (Roman polytheistic paganism). The Edict of Milan was written in such a way as to implore the blessings of the deity.
Constantine called up the First Council of Nicaea in 325, although he was not a baptised Christian until years later. Despite enjoying considerable popular support, Christianity was still not the official state religion in Rome, although it was in some neighboring states such as Armenia and Aksum.
Roman Religion (Neoplatonic Hellenism) was restored for a time by Julian the Apostate from 361 to 363. Julian does not appear to have reinstated the persecutions of the earlier Roman emperors.
Catholic Christianity, as opposed to Arianism and other ideologies deemed heretical, was declared to be the state religion of the Roman Empire on 27 February 380[41] by the decree De Fide Catolica of Emperor Theodosius I.[42]
Han Dynasty Confucianism[edit]
In China, the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) advocated Confucianism as the de facto state religion, establishing tests based on Confucian texts as an entrance requirement into government service—although, in fact, the "Confucianism" advocated by the Han emperors may be more properly termed a sort of Confucian Legalism or "State Confucianism". This sort of Confucianism continued to be regarded by the emperors, with a few notable exceptions, as a form of state religion from this time until the overthrow of the imperial system of government in 1911. Note however, there is a debate over whether Confucianism (including Neo-confucianism) is a religion or purely a philosophical system.[43]
Modern era[edit]
Former state churches in British North America[edit]
Protestant colonies[edit]
- The colonies of Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Haven, and New Hampshire were founded by Puritan Calvinist Protestants.
- The colonies of New York, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia were officially Church of England.
- The Colony of Maryland was founded by a charter granted in 1632 to George Calvert, secretary of state to Charles I, and his son Cecil, both recent converts to Roman Catholicism. Under their leadership many English Catholic gentry families settled in Maryland. However, the colonial government was officially neutral in religious affairs, granting toleration to all Christian groups and enjoining them to avoid actions which antagonized the others. On several occasions, low-church dissenters led insurrections which temporarily overthrew the Calvert rule. In 1689, when William and Mary came to the English throne, they acceded to demands to revoke the original royal charter. In 1701, the Church of England was proclaimed, and in the course of the 18th century Maryland Catholics were first barred from public office, then disenfranchised, although not all of the laws passed against them (notably laws restricting property rights and imposing penalties for sending children to be educated in foreign Catholic institutions) were enforced, and some Catholics even continued to hold public office.
Catholic colonies[edit]
- When New France was transferred to Great Britain in 1763, the Roman Catholic Church remained under toleration, but Huguenots were allowed entrance where they had formerly been banned from settlement by Parisian authorities.
- Spanish Florida was ceded to Great Britain in 1763, the British divided Florida into two colonies. Both East and West Florida continued a policy of toleration for the Catholic Residents.
Colonies with no established church[edit]
- The Province of Pennsylvania was founded by Quakers, but the colony never had an established church.
- The Province of New Jersey, without official religion, had a significant Quaker lobby, but Calvinists of all types also had a presence.
- Delaware Colony had no established church, but was contested between Catholics and Quakers.
- The Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, founded by religious dissenters forced to flee the Massachusetts Bay colony, is widely regarded as the first polity to grant religious freedom to all its citizens, although Catholics were barred intermittently. Baptists, Seekers/Quakers and Jews made this colony their home.
Tabular summary[edit]
|Disestablished[note 1]
|Church of England
|1789[note 2]
|Church of England
|1834 (parish church system)[note 3]
|New Brunswick
|Church of England
|New Hampshire
|1790[note 4]
|Church of England
|North Carolina
|Church of England
|1776[note 5]
|Nova Scotia
|Church of England
|Prince Edward Island
|Church of England
|South Carolina
|Church of England
|Canada West
|Church of England
|West Florida
|Church of England[note 6]
|1783[note 7]
|East Florida
|Church of England[note 6]
|1783[note 7]
|Church of England
|1786[note 8]
|West Indies
|Church of England
|1868 (Barbados, not until 1969)
- ^ In several colonies, the establishment ceased to exist in practice at the Revolution, about 1776;[44] this is the date of permanent legal abolition.
- ^ In 1789 the Georgia Constitution was amended as follows: "Article IV. Section 10. No person within this state shall, upon any pretense, be deprived of the inestimable privilege of worshipping God in any manner agreeable to his own conscience, nor be compelled to attend any place of worship contrary to his own faith and judgment; nor shall he ever be obliged to pay tithes, taxes, or any other rate, for the building or repairing any place of worship, or for the maintenance of any minister or ministry, contrary to what he believes to be right, or hath voluntarily engaged. To do. No one religious society shall ever be established in this state, in preference to another; nor shall any person be denied the enjoyment of any civil right merely on account of his religious principles."
- ^ From 1780 to 1824, Massachusetts residents were all required to attend a parish church, the denomination of which was chosen by majority vote of town residents. For details see Constitution of Massachusetts.
- ^ Until 1877 the New Hampshire Constitution required members of the State legislature to be of the Protestant religion. Until 1968 the Constitution allowed for state funding of Protestant classrooms but not Catholic classrooms.
- ^ The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835–1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids "any person who shall deny the being of Almighty God" from holding public office. Such clauses were held by the United States Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, when the court ruled unanimously that the First and Fourteenth Amendment protections prohibiting federal religious tests also applied to the states under the doctrine of incorporation.
- ^ a b Religious tolerance for Catholics with an established Church of England was policy in the former Spanish Colonies of East and West Florida while under British rule.
- ^ a b In 1783 Peace of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War, the British ceded both East and West Florida back to Spain (see Spanish Florida).
- ^ Tithes for the support of the Anglican Church in Virginia were suspended in 1776, and never restored. 1786 is the date of the Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom, which prohibited any coercion to support any religious body.
Non-British colonies[edit]
In both cases, these areas were disestablished and dissolved, yet their presences were tolerated by the English and later British colonial governments, as Foreign Protestants, whose communities were expected to observe their own ways without causing controversy or conflict for the prevalent colonists. After the Revolution, their ethno-religious backgrounds were chiefly sought as the most compatible non-British Isles immigrants.
- New Netherland was founded by Dutch Reformed Calvinists.
- New Sweden was founded by Church of Sweden Lutherans.
State of Deseret[edit]
The State of Deseret was a provisional state of the United States, proposed in 1849 by Mormon settlers in Salt Lake City. The provisional state existed for slightly over two years, but attempts to gain recognition by the United States government foundered for various reasons. The Utah Territory which was then founded was under Mormon control, and repeated attempts to gain statehood met resistance, in part due to concerns over the principle of separation of church and state conflicting with the practice of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints of placing their highest value on "following counsel" in virtually all matters relating to their church-centered lives. The state of Utah was eventually admitted to the union on 4 January 1896, after the various issues had been resolved.[46]
States without a state religion[edit]
A state that does not profess a state religion is known as a secular state.
Established churches and former state churches[edit]
- ^ Brazilian Laws - the Federal Constitution - The Organization of State. V-brazil.com. Retrieved 5 May 2012. Brazil had Roman Catholicism as the state religion from the country's independence, in 1822, until the fall of the Brazilian Empire. The new Republican government passed, in 1890, Decree 119-A "Decreto 119-A". "Prohibits federal and state authorities to intervene on religion, granting freedom of religion." (still in force), instituting the separation of church and state for the first time in Brazilian law. Positivist thinker Demétrio Nunes Ribeiro urged the new government to adopt this stance. The 1891 Constitution, the first under the Republican system of government, abolished privileges for any specific religion, reaffirming the separation of church and state. This has been the case ever since – the 1988 Constitution of Brazil, currently in force, does so in its Nineteenth Article. The Preamble to the Constitution does refer to "God's protection" over the document's promulgation, but this is not legally taken as endorsement of belief in any deity.
- ^ Finland's State Church was the Church of Sweden until 1809. As an autonomous Grand Duchy under Russia 1809–1917, Finland retained the Lutheran State Church system, and a state church separate from Sweden, later named the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland, was established. It was detached from the state as a separate judicial entity when the new church law came to force in 1870. After Finland had gained independence in 1917, religious freedom was declared in the constitution of 1919 and a separate law on religious freedom in 1922. Through this arrangement, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland lost its position as a state church but gained a constitutional status as a national church alongside with the Finnish Orthodox Church, whose position however is not codified in the constitution.
- ^ In France the Concordat of 1801 made the Roman Catholic, Calvinist and Lutheran churches state-sponsored religions, as well as Judaism.
- ^ In Hungary the constitutional laws of 1848 declared five established churches on equal status: the Roman Catholic, Calvinist, Lutheran, Eastern Orthodox and Unitarian Church. In 1868 the law was ratified again after the Ausgleich. In 1895 Judaism was also recognized as the sixth established church. In 1948 every distinction between the different denominations were abolished.[48][49]
- ^ The whole of the island of Ireland was merged with Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1801, the Church of England and the Church of Ireland were merged to form the United Church of England and Ireland. The church was disestablished in Ireland in 1871, and returned to being the Church of Ireland. In 1922, the island of Ireland was partitioned into the predominantly Protestant Northern Ireland, which remained part of the United Kingdom, and an independent, predominantly Roman Catholic, Irish Free State. The 1937 Constitution of Ireland prohibited the state from endorsing any Christian denomination as an established church. However, the constitution recognized the "special position" of the Roman Catholic Church "as the guardian of the Faith professed by the great majority of the citizens". It also recognized "the Church of Ireland, the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, the Methodist Church in Ireland, the Religious Society of Friends in Ireland, as well as the Jewish Congregations and the other religious denominations existing in Ireland at the date of the coming into operation of this Constitution". These provisions were removed by the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland in 1973.
- ^ The Philippines was among several possessions ceded by Spain to the United States in 1898; religious freedom was subsequently guaranteed in the archipelago. This was codified in the Philippine Organic Act (1902), section 5: "... That no law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, and that the free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed." A similarly-worded provision still exists in the present Constitution; Catholicism remains the predominant religion in the country, wielding considerable political and cultural influence.
- ^ Article 25 of the constitution states: "1. Churches and other religious organizations shall have equal rights. 2. Public authorities in the Republic of Poland shall be impartial in matters of personal conviction". Article 114 of the Polish March Constitution of 1921 declared the Roman Catholic Church to hold "the principal position among religious denominations equal before the law" (in reference to the idea of first among equals). The article was continued in force by article 81 of the April Constitution of 1935. The Soviet-backed PKWN Manifesto of 1944 reintroduced the March Constitution, which remained in force until it was replaced by the Small Constitution of 1947.
- ^ The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution explicitly forbids the federal government from enacting any law respecting a religious establishment, and thus forbids either designating an official church for the United States, or interfering with State and local official churches — which were common when the First Amendment was enacted. It did not prevent state governments from establishing official churches. Connecticut continued to do so until it replaced its colonial Charter with the Connecticut Constitution of 1818; Massachusetts retained an establishment of religion in general until 1833.[54] As of 2010[update], Article III of the Massachusetts constitution still provided, "... the legislature shall, from time to time, authorize and require, the several towns, parishes, precincts, and other bodies politic, or religious societies, to make suitable provision, at their own expense, for the institution of the public worship of God, and for the support and maintenance of public Protestant teachers of piety, religion and morality, in all cases where such provision shall not be made voluntarily."[55] The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, makes no mention of religious establishment, but forbids the states to "abridge the privileges or immunities" of U.S. citizens, or to "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law". In the 1947 case of Everson v. Board of Education, the United States Supreme Court held that this later provision incorporates the First Amendment's Establishment Clause as applying to the States, and thereby prohibits state and local religious establishments. The exact boundaries of this prohibition are still disputed, and are a frequent source of cases before the U.S. Supreme Court — especially as the Court must now balance, on a state level, the First Amendment prohibitions on government establishment of official religions with the First Amendment prohibitions on government interference with the free exercise of religion. See school prayer for such a controversy in contemporary American politics. All current State constitutions do mention a Creator, but include guarantees of religious liberty parallel to the First Amendment. The constitutions of eight states (Arkansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas) also contain clauses that prohibit atheists from holding public office.[56][57] However, these clauses were held by the U.S. Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, where the court ruled unanimously that such clauses constituted a religious test incompatible with the religious test prohibition in Article 6 Section 3 of the United States Constitution. The Church of Hawaii was the state church of Hawaii from 1862-1893.
- ^ The Church in Wales was split from the Church of England in 1920 by Welsh Church Act 1914; at the same time becoming disestablished.
See also[edit]
- List of state-established religions
- Civil religion
- Political religion
- Separation of church and state
- Freedom of religion
- Status of religious freedom by country
- Religious toleration
- Secular state
- Secular religion
- ^ The Journal of Ecclesiastical History – Page 268 by Cambridge University Press, Gale Group, C.W. Dugmore
- ^ The headship was administrative and jurisdictional but did not include the potestas ordinis (the right to preach, ordain, administer the sacraments and rites of the Church which were reserved to the clergy) –Bray, Gerald. Documents of the English Reformation James Clarke & Cº(1994), p.114
- ^ Neill, Stephen. Anglicanism Penguin (1960), p.61
- ^ The concerned religious communities are the dioceses of Metz and of Strasbourg, the Lutheran EPCAAL and the Reformed EPRAL and the three Israelite consistories in Colmar, Metz and Strasbourg.
- ^ Preable: First part, section 2
- ^ Costa Rica Constitution in English TITLE VI: RELIGION
- ^ a b Constitution Religion at the Wayback Machine (archived March 26, 2009) (archived from the original on 2009-03-26).
- ^ "Constitution of Malta (Article 2)". mjha.gov.mt.
- ^ CONSTITUTION DE LA PRINCIPAUTE at the Wayback Machine (archived September 27, 2011) (French): Art. 9., Principaute De Monaco: Ministère d'Etat (archived from the original on 2011-09-27).
- ^ "Constitution of the Republic of Paraguay". "The role played by the Catholic Church in the historical and cultural formation of the Republic is hereby recognized."
- ^ "Constitution of the Republic of Peru". "Within an independent and autonomous system, the State recognizes the Catholic Church as an important element in the historical, cultural, and moral formation of Peru and lends it its cooperation. The State respects other denominations and may establish forms of collaboration with them."
- ^ "The Constitution of the Republic of Poland". 1997-04-02. "The relations between the Republic of Poland and the Roman Catholic Church shall be determined by international treaty concluded with the Holy See, and by statute. The relations between the Republic of Poland and other churches and religious organizations shall be determined by statutes adopted pursuant to agreements concluded between their appropriate representatives and the Council of Ministers."
- ^ "Spanish Constitution". "The public authorities shall take into account the religious beliefs of Spanish society and shall consequently maintain appropriate cooperation relations with the Catholic Church and other confessions."
- ^ a b THE CONSTITUTION OF GREECE : SECTION II RELATIONS OF CHURCH AND STATE, Hellenic Resources network.
- ^ Constitution of Georgia Article 9(1&2) and 73(1a1)
- ^ a b Finland – Constitution, Section 76 The Church Act, http://servat.unibe.ch/icl/fi00000_.html.
- ^ OKM – Legislation, financing and administration, Church Affairs, Ministry of Education and Culture , http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Kirkollisasiat/lait_ja_maeaeraeykset/?lang=en.
- ^ Denmark – Constitution: Section 4 State Church, International Constitutional Law.
- ^ Constitution of the Republic of Iceland: Article 62, Government of Iceland.
- ^ "Statistics Iceland - Statistics » Population » Religious organisations". Statice.is. 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-27.
- ^ Løsere bånd, men fortsatt statskirke, ABC Nyheter
- ^ Staten skal ikke lenger ansette biskoper, NRK
- ^ Slik blir den nye statskirkeordningen
- ^ "Status of the Finnish State Church in 2007—Privileges of the State Church". eroakirkosta.fi. 7 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-23.
- ^ 77.2 percent of Finns belong to the Lutheran church evl.fi 10.2.2012
- ^ "Medlemmar 1972-2008, tabell och diagram" (XLS, 22.5 KiB) (in Swedish). Svenska kyrkan.
- ^ Despite some official documentation (marriage registrations being a common example) describing the Church of Scotland as the "Established Church" the Kirk has always disclaimed that status.[dubious ] This was eventually acknowledged by the United Kingdom government within the Church of Scotland Act 1921. Since it has thus never been legally established it cannot be disestablished.[citation needed]
- ^ "The History of the Church of England". The Archbishops' Council of the Church of England. Retrieved 2006-05-24.
- ^ "Church-state tie opens door for mosque". New York Times. 2008-10-07. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
- ^ "THE CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH (As modified up to 17 May, 2004)". parliament.gov.bd. Archived from the original on 2012-03-06.
- ^ "International Religious Freedom Report for 2012 - Djibouti". Retrieved October 5, 2013.
- ^ "Part I: "Introductory"". Pakistani.org. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
- ^ "Palestinian Basic Law (May 29, 2002)". Jewish Virtual Library.
- ^ "Constitution of Cambodia". cambodia.org. Retrieved 2011-04-13. (Article 43).
- ^ "Chapter II — Buddhism". The Constitution of the Republic of Sri Lanka. The Official Website of the Government of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 2007-10-18.[dead link]fv
- ^ "Draft of Tsa Thrim Chhenmo" (PDF). www.constitution.bt. 1 August 2007. Retrieved 2007-10-18.
- Article 3, Spiritual Heritage
- Buddhism is the spiritual heritage of Bhutan, which promotes the principles and values of peace, non-violence, compassion and tolerance.
- The Druk Gyalpo is the protector of all religions in Bhutan.
- It shall be the responsibility of religious institutions and personalities to promote the spiritual heritage of the country while also ensuring that religion remains separate from politics in Bhutan. Religious institutions and personalities shall remain above politics.
- The Druk Gyalpo shall, on the recommendation of the Five Lopons, appoint a learned and respected monk ordained in accordance with the Druk-lu, blessed with the nine qualities of a spiritual master and accomplished in ked-dzog, as the Je Khenpo.
- His Holiness the Je Khenpo shall, on the recommendation of the Dratshang Lhentshog, appoint monks blessed with the nine qualities of a spiritual master and accomplished in ked-dzog as the Five Lopons.
- The members of the Dratshang Lhentshog shall comprise:
(a) The Je Khenpo as Chairman;
(b) The Five Lopons of the Zhung Dratshang; and
(c) The Secretary of the Dratshang Lhentshog who is a civil servant.
- The Zhung Dratshang and Rabdeys shall continue to receive adequate funds and other facilities from the State.
- Article 3, Spiritual Heritage
- ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2009 : Israel and the occupied territories, U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.
- ^ Gentile, Emilio (2006) [2001]. Le religioni della politica. Fra democrazie e totalitarismi [Politics as Religion]. Princeton University Press.
- ^ Internal Revenue Service. "Tax guide for churches and Religious Institutions" (PDF). United States Department of the Treasury. Retrieved 2006-11-23.
- ^ Internal Revenue Seervice. "Exemption Requirements". United States Department of the Treasury. Archived from the original on 2012-09-20. Retrieved 2006-11-23.
- ^ "The Theodosian Code". THE LATIN LIBRARY at Ad Fontes Academy. Ad Fontes Academy. Retrieved 2006-11-23.
- ^ Halsall, Paul (June 1997). "Theodosian Code XVI.i.2". Medieval Sourcebook: Banning of Other Religions. Fordham University. Retrieved 2006-11-23.
- ^ "Confucian Religiosity: A Partial Bibliography".
- ^ "The Roots of Religious Liberty". Rights of the People: Individual freedom and the Bill of Rights. US State Department. December 2003. Archived from the original on 2004-06-02. Retrieved 2007-04-06.
- ^ See History of the Connecticut Constitution.
- ^ Struggle For Statehood Edward Leo Lyman, Utah History Encyclopedia
- ^ John Gunter, Inside Latin America (1941), p. 166
- ^ Constitution of the Republic of Hungary at the Wayback Machine (archived February 20, 2008) (archived from the original on 2008-02-20)
- ^ The right of thought, the freedom of conscience and religion –Hungary.hu at the Wayback Machine (archived May 23, 2007) (archived from the original on 2007-05-23)
- ^ Andrea Mammone; Giuseppe A. Veltri (2010). Italy today: the sick man of Europe. Taylor & Francis. pp. 168 (Note 1). ISBN 978-0-415-56159-4.
- ^ Luxembourg
- ^ Under the 1967 Constitution, Roman Catholicism was the state religion as stated in Article 6: "The Roman Catholic Apostolic religion is the state religion, without prejudice to religious freedom, which is guaranteed in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. Official relations of the republic with the Holy See shall be governed by concordats or other bilateral agreements." The 1992 Constitution, which replaced the 1967 one, establishes Paraguay as a secular state, as mentioned in section (1) of Article 24: "Freedom of religion, worship, and ideology is recognized without any restrictions other than those established in this Constitution and the law. The State has no official religion."
- ^ The modern Church of Scotland has always disclaimed recognition as an "established" church. The Church of Scotland Act 1921 formally recognised the Kirk's independence from the state.
- ^ James H. Hutson (2000). Religion and the new republic: faith in the founding of America. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 22. ISBN 978-0-8476-9434-1.
- ^ CONSTITUTION OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, malegislature.gov.
- ^ "State Constitutions that Discriminate Against Atheists". www.godlessgeeks.com. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
- ^ "Religious laws and religious bigotry – Religious discrimination in U.S. state constitutions". www.religioustolerance.com. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
Further reading[edit]
- Rowlands, John Henry Lewis (1989). Church, State, and Society, 1827-1845: the Attitudes of John Keble, Richard Hurrell Froude, and John Henry Newman. Worthing, Eng.: P. Smith [of] Churchman Publishing; Folkestone, Eng.: distr. ... by Bailey Book Distribution. ISBN 1-85093-132-1
External links[edit]
- McConnell, Michael W. (April 2003). "Establishment and Disestablishment at the Founding, Part I: Establishment of Religion". William and Mary Law Review, provided by Questia.com 44 (5): 2105. Retrieved 2006-11-23.


text:
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Sian cop found guilty of gross misconduct (From Swindon Advertiser)
Get involved! Send photos, video, news & views. Text SWINDON NEWS to 80360 or email us
Sian cop found guilty of gross misconduct
Updated 9:28pm Wednesday 22nd January 2014 in News By Scott D'Arcy
DETECTIVE Superintendent Steve Fulcher, who led the Sian O'Callaghan murder investigation, has been found guilty of gross misconduct, the Adver understands.
DSI Fulcher faced three allegations of gross misconduct over alleged breaches of force policy and the Police and Criminal Evidence Act.
Today he was reportedly found guilty of gross misconduct on two of the three charges but the sanction has yet to be decided.
A spokesman for Wiltshire Police said: "Wiltshire Police will not be in a position to comment on the Formal Conduct Hearing of Detective Superintendent Steve Fulcher until this process concludes.
"It is likely that the hearing will conclude tomorrow."
Last year, the Independent Police Complaints Commission found DSI Fulcher had a case to answer to over breaches of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act while interviewing Sian's killer Chris Halliwell at Barbury Castle and later in Uffington.
DSI Fulcher was found by the IPCC's investigation to have three counts of gross misconduct to answer to in relation to breaching the Police and Criminal Evidence Act and for going against the force's media policy and guidance.
The detective's actions led to vital evidence against Chris Halliwell for Becky's murder being ruled inadmissible by a High Court judge, which was the subject of Becky's dad John Godden's complaint to the police watchdog.
Becky Godden-Edwards' body was found in a field in Eastleach shortly after Sian's was discovered at Uffington, but his confessions were inadmissible due to breaches of the PACE code.
Halliwell, 49, of Ashbury Avenue, Nythe, was jailed for life for Sian's murder but the second charge for Becky's murder was withdrawn due to a subsequent lack of evidence.
The conduct panel, made up of a chief constable and chief superintendent from other forces and an independent member of the public, will be tasked with deciding whether or not DSI Fulcher committed gross misconduct in relation to the case.
The panel was directed to be heard in private by the Independent Police Complaints Commission, and Wiltshire Police advised the media to stay away during the hearing.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Includes veterans' benefits, starting and running a business, unemployment, County job openings, and selling to the County.
Includes the courts, most wanted, law enforcement, child support enforcement, sealing record, victims' services, and jury duty.
Includes planning, building codes and permits, owning and renting a property, and property tax assessments.
Includes child and adult health service, food stamps, foster care, mental health, in-home nurse, substance abuse, and child support.
Includes bereavement, certificates and vital records, and divorce.
Includes air quality and burn days, garbage and recycling, sewer, conservation, and green energy financing.
Includes adopting a pet, animal control, and local vets and shelters.
Includes information on the buildings, county, codes, departments, projects, representation, and voting.
Includes activities and events, parks, museums, libraries, and volunteerism.
Property taxes, business taxes, transient occupancy taxes, fines, and financial reports.
Includes passports, bus schedules, and road maintenance.
Includes forest fires and floods, emergency preparation, and emergency response.
December 14, 2012
The Placer County Board of Supervisors adopted a legislative platform Tuesday that will serve as the foundation for the county's advocacy efforts in Sacramento and Washington, D.C. next year.
The 23-page 2013 Legislative Platform lays out the board's goals and priorities, using them to help identify state and federal issues important to Placer County. "It contains the County's overall legislative principles for 2013 and specific state and federal proposals of interest to the County," explained a staff report reviewed by the board.
At Tuesday's meeting, the board also approved annual contracts with Holland & Knight LLP, the law firm that serves as Placer County's advocate in Washington, D.C., and with Peterson Consulting Inc., the county's advocate in Sacramento.
Board members also approved sending a county delegation to the nation's capital from Feb. 10-14. Placer County sends a small group of board members and top management to Washington, D.C. each year to meet with federal elected and administrative officials about local projects that need federal support.
In past years, Placer County has received substantial federal funding for high-priority projects as a result of its advocacy efforts.
During last year's trip, the county delegation had more than a dozen meetings with federal officials.
Next year's legislative platform identifies Placer County's general principles for legislative and regulatory action, 36 proposals to guide advocacy efforts at the state level and 24 proposals at the federal level.
The report reviewed by the board emphasized that Placer County's priorities for federal support include biomass, transportation projects such as the Placer Parkway, the proposed Placer County Conservation Plan, the regional sewer system being built between North Auburn and Lincoln, Farm Bill appropriations and health care reform.
At the state level, Placer County will be on guard against moves to reduce or eliminate revenue sources while supporting:
Copyright 2014 County of Placer, California


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Detroit Lions
Brian Robiskie - #80 - WR
|6' 4"/ 212 lbs.
|Cleveland, OH
|Ohio State
|Years played
|2009, 2nd round, 4th pick by Browns
Lions place CB Bentley on I.R.
The Lions placed CB Bill Bentley on injured reserve and signed veteran S Don Carey.
Wednesday's 60-second rant: Dealing draft picks at deadline risky
The NFL's extended trade deadline looms, but teams like the Lions and GM Martin Mayhew should be leery of trading away draft picks for players.
Reports: Jaguars trade WR Thomas to Lions
The Lions acquired WR Mike Thomas from the Jaguars, NFL Network's Ian Rapoport first reported.
NFC North Spin cycle: Bears, Packers win ugly
All four NFC North teams stayed home in Week Nine, and only the Vikings failed to make use of their advantage.
Lions rally to beat Seahawks behind late Stafford TD
Matthew Stafford threw a 1-yard touchdown pass to Titus Young with 20 seconds left, lifting the Lions to a 28-24 win over the Seahawks.
Lack of red-zone passing punch hurting Lions
The Lions have faltered far more often in the red zone this season, and the struggles of the passing game have been a big problem.
Key matchup: Seahawks special teams vs. Lions special teams
Can the Lions win the battle in the kicking game against Seattle on Sunday? It's no small story line in an interesting NFC matchup.
Lions add WR Robiskie to replace Burleson
The Lions placed WR Nate Burleson on injured reserve and signed WR Brian Robiskie.
Tuesday's 60-second rant: CB Tillman shuts down Megatron
Bears CB Charles Tillman has been anything but a liability in Chicago this season.
NFC North Spin cycle: Peterson carries load as Ponder slumps
Things continued looking up for the Bears, Vikings and Packers in Week Seven after victories over the Lions, Cardinals and Rams, respectively.
Burleson breaks leg, out for season
Lions WR Nate Burleson broke his right leg in the third quarter of Monday night's game in Chicago and will miss the rest of the season.
Cutler shakes off injury as Bears beat Lions
Brandon Marshall scored the Bears' lone touchdown and the defense forced four turnovers as Chicago beat Detroit 13-7 on Monday night.
Lions' RB duo hopes dashed, but Leshoure's play a positive
The Lions' planned Jahvid Best-Mikel Leshoure RB tandem hasn't been together in a single game, but Leshoure has begun to settle in.
Lions bring back CB Smith
The Lions signed CB Alphonso Smith and released RB Keiland Williams, the team announced Thursday.
Lions RB Best not cleared to play
Lions RB Jahvid Best has not been cleared for contact by doctors, the team announced Monday.
The Lions released Robiskie, announcing the move Monday.||||||| Robiskie played in six games, making four receptions for the Lions in 2012. He was signed as a midseason injury replacement.
The Detroit Lions signed Robiskie on Wednesday, two days after Nate Burleson broke his right leg in a loss at Chicago.||||||| Robiskie was cut by the Jacksonville Jaguars last month.
The Jaguars cut Robiskie on Monday.||||||| Robiskie became expendable with the emergence of youngsters Kevin Elliott and Cecil Shorts, who caught four passes for 74 yards and a touchdown in the season opener.
Robiskie was placed on IR with a hamstring injury.||||||| Robieskie finished with three catches for 25 yards in 2011. He didn't appear in any games after the Jaguars picked him up off waivers from Cleveland on Nov. 2.
The Browns have agreed to terms on a four-year contract with rookie Robiskie.||||||| Robiskie's agent, Joel Segal, said the sides came to terms Thursday. Robiskie was the Browns' only unsigned rookie. Robiskie is expected to compete for a starting job with Mohammed Massaquoi, who was also selected in the second round of April's draft. Robiskie, who played at Ohio State, was once a ballboy with the Browns when his father, Terry, was on Cleveland's coaching staff.


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Expired Property Listing
This property is disabled.
Lake front home, Arcade, Hot tub, swim-fish-boat in Lake Arrowhead
- bedrooms 4
- baths 4
- sleeps 10
- pool yes
- hot tub yes
- pets allowed no
- type House
- community
rates (USD)
/ night
$ 1,095 - $ 1,795 / week
vacation rental description
We invite you to our newly renovated, 4 bedroom, 4 full bathroom, lakefront home at the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in gated, private Lake Arrowhead community just 1 hour north of Atlanta. The dock has room for 4 boats which provide a perfect spot for you to swim, fish, or sunbathe. There is over 120 feet of lakefront right outside your back door. A tranquil fountain and koi pond overlook the northern shore of Lake Arrowhead in a quiet cove.
The home includes ALL NEW appliances, linens, furniture, electronics, and fully stocked kitchen. Other amenities include gas fireplace, gas grill, washer/dryer, wine chiller and a FROZEN DRINK MACHINE. The home sleeps 10 which includes 1 king, 1 queen, 2 twins, and bunk beds- with full bottom and twin on top, and 1 pull out queen sleeper.
HD cable (living room + 2 bedrooms), 3 large screen tvs, internet (WiFi) and free dialing included. The recreation room includes granite wet bar, bumper pool table and many games which provide fun for the whole family. A pack n' play and high chair are available upon request before arrival. The two car garage and deck overlooking lake all provide you the amenities of being "home".
A brand new 20' pontoon boat is available for rent for experienced boaters. A canoe, 2 kayaks, and paddleboat are available for your enjoyment at no cost. You can not bring in your own boats, this is not our rule. Lake Arrowhead is a private lake which is subject to covenants which dictate that visitors' boats are not allowed. The gate house will check the name on the boat registration with the homeowners name.
We just installed a BRAND-NEW 6 person hot tub, which has underwater lights, a water fall, 81 jets, and a mp3 jack with speakers! Who needs the warm weather when you can enjoy a 100 degree hot tub on a winters day, sipping champagne!
The focal point of Lake Arrowhead community is certainly our beautiful lake, which is fed by blue, pure mountain stream water. Our lake is one of the largest privately owned man-made lakes in Georgia and ranked the cleanest lake in the state. Lake Arrowhead's clear waters boast depths of over 80 feet. Whether boating or fishing, you'll be sure to fall in love with the beauty of our lake.
The new, award winning, championship Highlands Course opened in the fall of 2008. It is now considered one of the best new golf courses in Georgia. The Highlands Course measures over 7100 yards and features full-service practice facilities including a golf range, chipping and putting greens. Five of the Highland's 18 holes are along the lakefront while the remainder of the holes wanders into the North Georgia Foothills. Golf fees are $48 on weekdays and $55 on weekends (includes cart). Senior rates are also available. Lake Arrowhead's new Golf Clubhouse features a well-stocked PGA Pro Shop, men's and women's locker rooms, formal and casual dining rooms and an outdoor dining porch.
The Highlands Grill is open Tuesday-Sunday, featuring a variety of menu options from lighter bar fare, take out or dine in pizza, to full-course dinners as well as catering services and full menu of wines by the glass and bottle.
house rental amenities
- Air Conditioning
- Linens Provided
- Washer
- Dryer
- Garage
- Gas Fireplace
- Beds
- King Bed
- Queen Bed
- Twin/Single Bed (2)
- Bunk Bed
- Convertible Bed
- Crib
- Entertainment
- Private Hot Tub : Brand new with mp3 jack and built in speakers, 81 jets and underwater lights.
- Cable/Satellite TV (4)
- Video Game Console : WII, arcade game in rec room.
- Video Games : arcade game
- Stereo System
- Pool Table
- Shared Pool (2)
- Kitchen
- Full Kitchen
- Cooking Utensils Provided
- Refrigerator
- Dishwasher
- Microwave
- Ice Maker
- Outdoor Features
- Gas/Electric BBQ Grill
- Deck/Patio
- View/Location
- Lakefront
- Communications
- Telephone
- Free Long Distance : USA
- Computer
- Broadband Internet
- WiFi (Wireless Internet)
- Other Amenities
- We have a "weather station" that includes temperature, wind speed, humidity, and waterfall amounts.
- Suitability
- No Pets Allowed
- Kid Friendly
- Minimum Age Limit for Renters
- Smoking Not Allowed
- Activities (on site and nearby)
- Golf
- Tennis
- Kayaking
- Boating
- Swimming
- Biking
- Wildlife Viewing
- Fishing
- Theme Park (Amusement Park)
- Restaurants
- Hiking
- Other Activities
- Wildlife frequent our property, including deer just about every day!!
activities and attractions in Lake Arrowhead Georgia
Great Festival Park
junior Olympic size pool
bathhouse with locker rooms
great lawn- 5 acre multi-activity park
outdoor picnic pavilion
basketball court
sand volleyball court
Red Cloud Park
oversized arrowhead-shaped pool
spacious deck
gazebo with picnic tables
locker rooms/restrooms
6 tennis courts
Nature and Hiking Trails
lake shore trail - 1.9 miles
flat rock trail - 1.0 miles
wilderness trail 1.4 miles
Day Trips (less than 1.5 hours)
six flags amusement park
white water- water park
stone mountain
Atlanta Braves
Georgia Aquarium
shopping-outlets, premium malls
Amicola Falls State Park
vacation rental rates
$325/nt $1295/wk off-peak fall (Sep. 10- Jan. 1)
$225/nt $1095/wk off-peak winter (Jan. 2- Mar. 2)
$325/nt $1295/wk off-peak spring (Mar. 3- May 25)
$1795/wk peak season (May 26- Sep. 7)
$150 cleaning fee, $250 security/damage deposit
Pontoon boat rental $150/day, $850/wk.
Boat is filled with gas, renter tops of gasoline tank.
This is a private lake, You can not bring in your own boat. Covenant rules.
4 day min. stay peak, 3 day min. stay off-peak fall/spring, 2 day min. stay off-peak winter.
Free use of 2 kayaks, canoe, paddle boat, hydro bike, margarita machine


text:
Throughout its short history, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ("CFPB") has asserted jurisdiction over various nontraditional consumer-related financial industries, from law firms to collection agencies and automobile...more
- CFPB Employer Liability Issues Enforcement Enforcement Actions Investigations
The CFPB released its student loan ombudsman report analyzing complaints that the CFPB received from private student loan borrowers. In its second annual review of student loan practices, the CFPB reported that lenders make...more
- CFPB Loan Servicer Student Loans Tuition
In recent years, banks, mortgage companies and lenders have served as targets for the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau (CFPB). The bureau actively promulgated multiple rules, re-interpreted case law and revised regulations...more
- CFPB Debt Collection Payday Loans
Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck's past Client Alerts have warned that the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's reach touches virtually every company that has any interaction with consumers. A recent Bulletin issued by the...more
- CFPB Cooperation Initiative Remediation Self-Reporting
CFPB Proposes Modifying Mortgage Rules -
On June 24, 2013, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) proposed seven separate "clarifications" and "narrow revisions" to certain mortgage rules it first issued in...more
- CFPB Deadlines Mortgage Loan Originators Mortgages Proposed Regulation Real Estate Market
On March 28, 2013, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced that it was going to share its database with the public, thereby "creating greater transparency in consumer financial products and services." It did...more
- CFPB Consumer Complaint System Credit Reports Databases Money Transfer
For those companies who pay attention to the always evolving regulatory environment as we do at Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, you have likely heard the debate regarding the validity of rules promulgated by organizations...more
- Borrowers CFPB Lenders Loans Mortgages Recess Appointments Richard Cordray TILA
Consumer Complaint System
Cooperation Initiative
Credit Reports
Debt Collection
Employer Liability Issues
Enforcement Actions
Loan Servicer
Money Transfer
Mortgage Loan Originators
Payday Loans
Proposed Regulation
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Copyright ©


text:
Authorities have reportedly identified an image of a suspect carrying – and perhaps dropping – a black bag at the second bombing scene at Monday's Boston Marathon.
The Boston Globe, citing an official who declined to be identified, said investigators are "very close" in the investigation. Authorities may publicize their finding as early as this afternoon, the Globe reports
A surveillance camera at Lord & Taylor, located directly across the street, has given investigators clear video of the area, according to the unnamed official.
Fox News' Catherine Herridge contributed to this report.
WSJV-TV FOX 2858096 County Road 7, SouthElkhart, IN 46517
Switchboard: 574.679.9758News Phone: 574.679.4545Station Fax: 574.294.1267Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Weight: 0.20
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text:
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Citrix XenDesktop's HDX and VMware View's PCoIP offer the same basic functionality -- providing video, sound, and peripheral support to remote desktop users -- but they each use a different transport protocol, HDX riding TCP and PCoIP riding UDP. Most end-users won't be interested in the TCP-versus-UDP debate, but network admins will always have an opinion, especially if their responsibilities include network monitoring, WAN optimization, or VPN support.
There are some fundamental differences between TCP and UDP traffic. TCP provides a reliable method of sending packets across the network. Each packet is numbered and must arrive at the other end in the same order as transmitted. If a packet fails to reach its destination, the recipient will alert the sender and the missing packet will be retransmitted. TCP is used when the application -- such as a Web app, a file transfer, or email -- requires the packets to arrive in the correct order.
[ Also on InfoWorld: "VDI shoot-out: Citrix XenDesktop vs. VMware View" | Download InfoWorld's Virtual Desktop Infrastructure Deep Dive special report | See which solution came out on top in InfoWorld's "Virtualization shoot-out: Citrix, Microsoft, Red Hat, and VMware" ]
UDP is not quite so structured. It sends datagrams without any form of error checking or end-to-end handshaking. This means that UDP packets may arrive at the destination out of order or go missing without the sender being alerted to the problem. UDP is used mostly for streaming content such as VoIP, online video broadcasts, and online games. In these apps, the loss of a few packets means only a slight degradation in the audio or video quality -- hardly a showstopper. UDP introduces less overhead than TCP, and there is less latency associated with it, allowing it to transfer large amounts of data quickly.
From the network administration standpoint, TCP is a much more manageable protocol, and every network monitoring tool and appliance can work with it. By contrast, UDP is not well supported by some network tools, particularly WAN optimization appliances and VPN tunnels. In order for UDP to pass through a VPN tunnel (to remotely access a virtual desktop, for example), it has to be wrapped by TCP. This of course increases the network overhead and negates the performance advantage UDP has over TCP.


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Home › Coats & Jackets › Ladies Coats and Jackets › B & C Collection › B & C Collection Women's Sparkling Jacket
Feminine classic nautical jacket. Feminine fitted design. Front covered full-length zip with oval Velcro® tabs and 1 press-stud fastening at bottom. Hood concealed inside the collar, removable with a zip. Adjustable collar with drawstring and 2 stoppers. 2 front pockets with zips hidden by design flaps in contrasted colour. Lining, zips, Velcro® and all accessories in contrasted colour. Open hem, adjustable elasticated cord with 2 stoppers and 'low back' design. Adjustable cuffs with contrasted oval Velcro® tabs. Easy access for printing and embroidery via a zip opening at the base of the lining.
Size: XS, S, M, L, XL, XXL
Fabric: Out: 100% heavy taslan nylon, with soft-feel coating and full taped seams. Waterproof. In: 100% Polyester mesh body lining and 100% polyester taffeta sleeve lining.
EMBROIDERYSetup: FREE Existing logos: FREE New logos: £25 set up charge No minimum quantity for embroidery. £1.95 application per position per item. * £1.95 is based on 10,000 stitch count. Fees may vary for larger stitch counts.
Orders over £100 will receive free set up costs regardless of whether using a new or existing logo. The £100 order total must exclude any set up costs to be eligible.
Click here to view the PRO sizing guide for B & C Collection.
Delivery is FREE for all orders over £100 net and just £4.95 for orders under £100 net. We use DPD as our preferred national courier.
To read our full Delivery Policy please click here.


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ISIS posted a video of the beheading of an American journalist, and warned that it has operatives on the ground in the United States.
As protests and looting continue in Ferguson, Missouri, following the fatal shooting of Michael Brown, United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon is demanding that local law enforcement adhere to what his office cryptically referred to as "international standards." The latest UN meddling in U.S. affairs concerning local and state government is part of an accelerating trend, sparking alarm among critics of the dictator-dominated global outfit and advocates of national sovereignty. Those tempted to seek UN-inspired "international standards" for local police forces should be careful what they wish for.
ISIS terrorists being held in prison in Iran have set their murderous attention on imprisoned Iranian-American Pastor Saeed Abedini.
Islamic terrorists under the banner of ISIS continue their campaign of mayhem and murder against Christians and other religious minorities in Iraq.
Back in 2011 President Obama assured the American people that all was well in Iraq. All is not well in Iraq.


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Jared Taylor - Contact me
Jared Taylor [Email him] is editor of American Renaissance and the author of Paved With Good Intentions: The Failure of Race Relations in Contemporary America. (For Peter Brimelow's review, click here.) His most recent book is White Identity.
10/04/12 - Jared Taylor On Phil Rushton`s Passing


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Updated Jan 20, 2013 - 1:44 pm
Local radio host joins Frank Caliendo in ESPN skit
By Arizona Sports
Originally published: Jan 20, 2013 - 1:40 pm
Originally published: Jan 20, 2013 - 1:40 pm
Comedian Frank Caliendo is accustomed to making viewers of ESPN's NFL Countdown laugh with his outrageous skits every week.
But this Sunday, Caliendo brought in local radio host John Holmberg of 98KUPD in Phoenix, to help parody a segment of Jim Rome interviewing Gary Bussey, who has been known more for his legal troubles of late than his acting career.
While the skit was intended to preview the AFC and NFC Championship games, we ask that you take a moment to share in the hilarity of Holmberg's performance, which includes among other things "Kaepernicking".
Take a look for yourself:
Attention ArizonaSports.com Comment Users: We have recently changed our comments boards.We would like you to be part of the conversation with all fans of Arizona sports teams by logging in with your Facebook, Twitter, Google+ or Disqus account. Existing Arizona Sports (KTAR) account members will need to create a Disqus account or use one of the aforementioned social media logins. Thank you.
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Kevyn Aucoin Beauty Liquid Airbrush Foundation brings perfection easily within your reach. Simple to use, it provides noticeable results for skin that looks completely natural and famously flawless.
Kevyn Aucoin created his magic on some of the most legendary faces from the worlds of fashion, music and film. His celebrated work has inspired this artistic collection, which like its creator is always on the forefront of both innovation and style.
Especially Suited for:All skin types
Essential Elements: Kevyn Aucoin Beauty Liquid Airbrush Foundation is infused with soy for increased skin firmness and elasticity. p>
For Best Effect: Apply a few dots of foundation to the forehead, nose and chin and blend outwards.
Product Notes
Roll over color to view in more detail. Click color to select.
Color: LQ#02 (KAC_027)
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By choosing one of the above, you are able to shop for both yourself and a registrant at the same time. Once you are ready to checkout your items will be waiting for you in both your personal and registry shopping carts.
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A 22-year-old woman waiting for a bus in the North Side Rogers Park neighborhood last Thursday was forced off the street by a man who then sexually assaulted her, police said.
The woman was waiting for a bus about 2 p.m. last Thursday on the 6300 block of North Clark Street, when she was approached by a man who sat down next to her, a community alert from police said. The man then grabbed the victim by her throat and told her to go with him. He walked her southbound on Clark Street to Highland Avenue (6332 North) and into an alley where he sexually assaulted her.
Before he left the scene the man took his victim's cell phone and credit card.
The man was described as a black man with a medium complexion who is short and heavyset, between 35-40 years old, 5-feet, 8-inches tall, with short black hair. He was wearing a white polo shirt with red and blue stripes and blue jeans.
Area North detectives have released a sketch of the suspect and are asking that anyone who may have witnessed the incident or seen the man, contact them, at (312) 744-8200.
Follow @fox32news
Police are investigating the murder of a homeless man who was beaten to death in an alley in Logan Square.
KTTV FOX 111999 S. Bundy Dr.Los Angeles CA 90025Main: (310) 584-2000News Tips? (310) 584-2025


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Czech It: Casey Stoner Claims Brno MotoGP, Pads No.1 Ranking
Casey Stoner is straight cruisin', mate. Oakley's Aussie MotoGP Star left the rest of the field in his dust at the Czech MotoGP Grand Prix in Brno, topping Andrea Dovizioso for his sixth win of the season. The triumph extends Casey's current Championship Standings lead to 32 points in front of defending champ Jorge Lorenzo.
Heritage: Oakley Upholds Motocross Tradition at Loretta Lynn's Amateur National Motocross Championship
Ricky Carmichael. James "Bubba" Stewart. Ryan Villopoto. You know the names. But what common denominator do these Motocross Superstars share – to the very core? (Besides Oakley Team Legend status, of course.) Loretta Lynn's. The AMA Amateur National Motocross Championship, named from the Country Music Megastar – whose giant Tennessee property hosts the annual event, is where the best young phenoms in the sport rose through the ranks to stardom. Groms/young riders are groomed at Loretta's. Pro riding dreams are made…and crushed. Big industry sponsors are fishing for the talent of the future. And lifetime amateur rippers continue to grow their passion for the sport. It's a vibrant collection of racers from the past, the present and the future. But more importantly, Loretta Lynn's reflects Oakley's deeply rooted heritage in motocross.
Pole to Triumph: IndyCar Star Scott Dixon Sweeps Weekend at Mid-Ohio, Franchitti Grabs Second
Tally a sweep for Scott Dixon. Oakley's IndyCar star boldly grabbed a victory from pole this past weekend for a full weekend triumph at the Honda Indy 200, overtaking fellow O driver Dario Franchitti on Lap 61 to cross the finish 7.6508 seconds ahead. The win marks the Kiwi speedster's third career win at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course and his first win this season. The result also pushes him to second in the overall championship standings.


text: is a Journal created by the Nightingale Conant International Award-Winning Speaker, Deremiah *CPE just for you. Finally a journal that contains the slogan "BE BABUSHKA HAPPY"...a campaign that inspired some of the most passionate videos and the Happy Thinking Cap invented to make you SMILE by Deremiah *CPE. Journaling is one of the quickest ways to Set Goals and cause you to remember some of the most important affirmations, ideas and visions that you can make come true in your own life. With over 100 lined pages for you to write in and the slogan to remind you to BE BABUSHKA HAPPY. A delightful proven little way for getting you focused on HAPPINESS by getting you to concentrate on gratitude. Get your BE BABUSHKA HAPPY journal today. Isn't it Time you started Creating the HAPPINESS you've always wanted in your life!


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It is imperative that your house and mailbox are largely and clearly marked, especially at night.
If your home or street is mismarked on dispatch maps, emergency responders may not be able to find you.
With our rapid growth, responders need the most accurate information possible.
9-1-1 services all over the state of north dakota are on a mission to create a seamless map so that first responders all over the state will have uniform maps.
Four employees of GeoComm will be driving four small SUV's around Ward, Bottineau, Renville, Oliver, Mercer, and McClean counties, similar to this one.
If they need to contact a property owner who isn't present, they will leave a yellow pamphlet for the owner to respond to.
(Larry Haug, Ward County 911 Coordinator) "And their vehicles are clearly marked as GeoComm Vehicles, and the workers all have credentials with them. They will not be making contact with every person or resident in Ward County. They may drive up to the house to look at the house number, but they are primarily doing kind of a drive by each area; verifying that the addresses that are on the map are reflected correctly."
The GeoComm team will be traveling around Northwest North Dakota through the end of the month.
Chantelle Pepple says she hopes people will have a greater appreciation for what "this monster took from this world and my family."
Chantelle Pepple says she hopes people will have a greater appreciation for what "this monster took from this world and my family."


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Expired Property Listing
This property is disabled.
Quality Time in Myrtle Beach
- bedrooms 7
- baths 7½
- sleeps 20
- pool no
- hot tub no
- pets allowed no
- type House
- community
rates (USD)
/ week
vacation rental description
Garden City Beach, South Carolina!
Short Walk to Beach/3rd Home From Ocean-110 Oak Ave., Garden City Beach, South Carolina
From Piers: .4 Miles North of Garden City Pier & 2.2 Miles South of Surfside Pier
Exterior Features:
New in 2012, Private Professionally Maintained Pool and Kiddie Pool (Seasonal Pool Heating Available), Pool Dimensions: 24' x 22' in Length/Width and 3' to 5' in Depth, 10' x 10' Kiddie Pool, Covered Front Porch 1st Level, Covered Back Porch 1st Level, Exterior Shower, Picnic Table, Built-In Charcoal Grill, Paved Parking, 2 Parking Bays, 4 Covered Parking, 6 Total Parking, Professionally Landscaped Grounds, Approximately 3,223 Square Feet, No Pets Allowed, Non Smoking.
Interior Features:
Professionally Decorated, Central A/C Heat, Ceiling Fans, High Speed Wi-Fi Internet, DVD Player, Flat Screen TV in Living Room, TVs in Every Bedroom, 8 Total TVs, Stainless Steel Appliances, Granite Countertops, 2 Washers/Dryers, Range/Oven, Refrigerator, Dishwasher, Microwave
Sleep Accommodations
2nd Floor Bedrooms (5): 1 King, 1 Queen, 1 Queen, 2 Queens, 2 Queens
1st Floor Bedrooms (2): 1 Queen, 1 Queen, 1 Sleeper Sofa
house rental amenities
Brand new beach home less than a block to the beach and in walking distance to the Garden City Pier & nearby attractions. Spacious floor plan with 2 covered porches, private heated pool with overflow into the kiddie pool.


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Taking care of your feet would definitely be difficult if you are way to incognizant of the right things to do so.
You have to be reminded that your feet could also be sensitive, and worse could come if you would just let your feet accumulate more bacteria due to your poor hygiene. Aside from the bad odor of your feet, your feet could also suffer from toenail fungus.
This is a type of toenail fungus that would likely provide your nails changing conditions, which would likely be painful over time. Also, at times, when it gets worse, the surgery for removing your nails could be recommended by your doctor.
In that case, if ever the toenail fungus in your feet has been verified, you should start learning the hygienic ways of taking care of your feet.
In order to provide you few, here are the following:
- Dump those old shoes.
If you have old shoes, which you likely use over time, you should better discard it. This is to assure that you would be preventing problems caused by the bacteria present in the shoes.
It is much better to buy new shoes in order to replace them. On the other hand, you could try open-toed pair of shoes, which would be an alternative to your athletic shoes.
If you would provide enough room for your toes, you would be able to ensure that your toes would not get damped or moistened.
On the other hand, if you don't want to replace the shoes, you should spray the insides with the use of Lysol and put them in plastic bag. Make sure to tie it shot and let it sit overnight. Then, you should use an anti-fungal spray in them on a regular basis.
- Dump those old socks.
It is much better to dump your old socks and replace them with new ones. On the other hand, if you want to keep them, make it possible to clean them using very hot water.
If you can, you should try boiling them to kill any existing fungus. Make sure to avoid tight hosiery and wool socks, which would likely absorb moisture on your feet.
It is better to use breathable socks made of cotton, which would be a best option for maintaining a dry feet.
- Good foot hygiene guidelines.
You should always wash away dirt from your feet every day with the use of soap and water. Make sure to dry your feet thoroughly, which would include the dirt stuck between the toes.
Also, trim your toenails clean and make sure to disinfect your nail clippers you use. Furthermore, it is much better to wash your shower with bleach every week and wash your shower mat in hot water often.
Furthermore, it is much better to use slippers or shoes in showers, public pools, and storerooms.
Make sure to avoid walking barefoot on a possibly infected floor. Moreover, you should select a pedicurist that follows meticulous sanitization procedure and uses sterilized instruments.


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Agent Settings
|New in Version 2
Agent Port and Timeout are configurable.
The following default settings should be used when connecting to the Agent. While adding a Host, the default settings are shown and can be changed if needed.
The following settings are available:
- Create Log Cleanup Task For New Hosts - Allows you to set up Log Cleanup Task by default for newly created Hosts. This Task rotates out old log files System-wide for all Hosts after a configurable number of days. For more information, see System Tasks.
- Default time to retain logs (days) (New in Version 2.5) - Option for default number of log rotation days.
- Log all files and folders successfully restored (New in Version 2.11) - This feature allows the user to log all files and folders that were successfully restored to the CDP Server logs. Select the check box to enable.
- Max number of file success events to log (0=infinite) (New in Version 2.11) - Define the maximum number of success events to log. Default value is "100."
- Default Remote Port - Default is 1167. You may want to change the default port for the CDP Agent in the following two (2) cases:
- There is a firewall between the CDP Server and Agent that does not allow the CDP
Server to connect to the CDP Agent via a standard port.
- There is a very important service that runs on the same port as the CDP Agent.
- There is a firewall between the CDP Server and Agent that does not allow the CDP
- Default Timeout (seconds) - Default is 120.


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101.9 AMP Radio Hook Up #6 Starring R5! Read More | Buy Tickets | #HookUp6
forcible touching
Some…But Not All Charges Dropped Against Big Sean!
Some of the charges against artist[lastfm link_type="artist_info"] Big Sean[/lastfm] have been dropped but the minor ones still remain. And Big Sean still stands by his words that he did nothing wrong.


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This line of the Barber family begins with the birth of Ira Barber in 1786, just about the time of the birth of our country with the United States Constitution setting us on a critical path in our world's history. It is obvious that this time of our history influenced the direction of the lives of many Americans for the next couple of centuries, and certainly the core character of the Barber family was influenced by these developments.
We will see how Ira, a farmer and a blacksmith, charged headlong into the future when he moved his family into the country's remote western reaches of Indiana in the late-1830s or early-1840s. He would have been in his fifties in age when he and his family made this move traveling on the Erie Canal and the Chicago Road to their destination in La Porte County, Indiana.
Through the first five generations of Ira Barber's descendants, you will see true-hearted families with a strong work ethic and accomplished skills and trades. You will view these early generations in the context of their times and places with insights into transportation, economic issues, monetary challenges and simple things like clothing the family. You will get a glimpse of working in the wagon and carriage making businesses and see how the Barbers continued to be hard-working, skilled, ethical and family oriented – attributes that today's descendants of Ira Barber share.
The text of the nearly 270-page book covers five generations of the Barber family beginning with Ira. But, I have included a complete descendant chart of all the relatives I have located which covers eight generations. You will be able to see 450 relatives in this 65-page chart. This includes an index of names and places for easy reference. The book also includes over 100 photographs, maps and illustrations.
Come along on the journey and see how history developed the character of the Barbers ... from New York to Indiana.


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Carolina Panthers
Domenik Hixon - #87 - WR
|6' 2"/ 197 lbs.
|Neukirchen, We
|Years played
|2006, 4th round, 33rd pick by Broncos
Rivera running out of time to get Panthers trending upward
Ron Rivera has kept his team together during its disappointing season, but Carolina is not moving in a direction that is likely to satisfy the team owner.
NFC South Spin cycle: Falcons cross one hurdle
The NFC South-champion Falcons dealt the rival Saints a blow in Week 13, and the Panthers and Bucs both came up short out West.
Chiefs defeat Panthers on emotional day in K.C.
Brady Quinn threw for 201 yards and two touchdowns, and Jamaal Charles ran for 127 yards in the Chiefs' 27-21 victory over their Panthers
Chiefs: Sunday's game to be played as scheduled
The Chiefs will play Sunday's game vs. the Panthers as scheduled, the team announced Saturday afternoon.
Panthers DT Edwards out for season with dislocated elbow
Panthers DT Ron Edwards suffered a dislocated elbow in Monday night's win over the Eagles and will miss the rest of the season.
Newton leads Panthers past Eagles
Cam Newton threw for two touchdowns and ran for two more to lead the Panthers to a 30-22 victory over the Eagles on Monday night.
NFC South Spin cycle: Falcons keep hanging on
It will not quiet the skeptics, but the Falcons did ensure this would be their third consecutive double-digit win season on Sunday.
Panthers sign PK Gano, waive PK Medlock
The Panthers signed PK Graham Gano on Tuesday and waived PK Justin Medlock.
NFC South Spin cycle: Stage set for Falcons-Bucs battle
The Panthers hit a new low, but the rest of the NFC South was victorious Sunday, including the Falcons and Bucs, who will meet next week.
Rivera, Mularkey, Shurmur don't come through in clutch
Embattled head coaches have something in common: They all make late-game situational mistakes that cost their teams.
Freeman, Buccaneers come back to stun Panthers
Josh Freeman threw a 15-yard touchdown pass to Dallas Clark in overtime to cap the Buccaneers' 27-21 comeback win over the Panthers on Sunday.
Accorsi taking hard look at Panthers operation
League observers have speculated on who Ernie Accorsi has on the list of GM candidates he will submit to Panthers owner Jerry Richardson.
NFC South Spin cycle: Saints, Bucs keeping playoff hopes alive
The talk of an undefeated season is over for the Falcons, but the playoff hopes for the Saints and Buccaneers are still alive coming off Week 10 wins.
Panthers fire special-teams coordinator
The Panthers fired special-teams coordinator Brian Murphy and replaced him with Richard Rodgers, the team's assistant special-teams coach.
Panthers owner Richardson responds to L.A. report
Panthers owner Jerry Richardson released a statement on Sunday about the team staying in Carolina.
With Hakeen Nicks out, Hixon caught six passes for 116 yards on Sunday against the Giants.||||||| Hixon proved he can be a viable option if Nicks remains hindered by injuries.
Hixon has been cleared to return for New York.||||||| Hixon missed the last game at Carolina due to a concussion.
New York Giants tackle David Diehl and wide receiver Domenik Hixon were injured late in the first quarter Sunday against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.||||||| Hixon was being evaluated for a head injury. He took a hard helmet-to-helmet hit from linebacker Mason Foster earlier in the period.
The New York Giants have re-signed Hixon, who missed most of last season after surgery on a torn anterior cruciate ligament in his right knee. He was hurt making a touchdown catch against the St. Louis Rams in the second week of the season.||||||| Contract terms were not immediately available, but Hixon gives the Giants another option if Super Bowl hero Mario Manningham is not re-signed.
Hixon will miss the rest of the season after tearing the anterior cruciate ligament in his right knee for the second straight year. Surgery is planned in the near future.||||||| Hixon injured his right knee while making a juggling 22-yard touchdown catch with 21 seconds left in the first half. Hixon played on the Giants opening series in the third quarter but the team announced after it was over that he wouldn't return. Hixon missed all of last season after tearing the ACL during an offseason minicamp workout.


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November is the time for warm, hearty meals—and what better way to prepare them than by using your slow cooker? Simmer these fall-ingredient (think pumpkins, apples and squash) slow cooker recipes in your pot, and you'll stay warm into the winter.
Coca Cola Pot Roast
Submitted by Melinda Bartlett-Blante
I just made coca cola pot roast. it was yummy and simple. all you need to do is put in the meat.3 pounds or so. add 1/2 a packet Lipton onion soup mix. add a can of Coca Cola Classic then add the rest of the onion soup mix. cook on High for 4 hours turning about 1/2 way through. we actually cooked on low for the day instead and it came out great
Workingman's Beef Stew
Submitted by Douglas O'Roak
In the morning, add a pound of stew beef (already cut in cubes at the supermarket), a small bag of cut and peeled carrots, a few small Youkon Gold potatoes, cut an onion into quarters, and add a can of Campbell's cream of celery soup. Set the slow cooker on low. When you come home from work, there's a hearty beef stew waiting for you.
Here are some other slow cooker recipes from Patch editors across the country:
Apple Crumble Crock-Pot Recipe
4-5 cooking apples, peeled and sliced
1/2 cup brown sugar, firmly packed
1/2 cup flour
3/4 cup rolled oats
1 teaspoon ground nutmeg
1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
4 tablespoons butter, softened
Lightly butter the Crock-Pot and lay the apple slices at the bottom of the pot. Combine the sugar, flour, rolled oats, nutmeg and cinnamon, and cut in the butter. Sprinkle the topping over the base of apples. Cook on low or auto for 3-5 hours.
3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil
1 medium onion, thinly sliced
2 cloves garlic, sliced
2 tablespoons tomato paste
1/4 teaspoon red pepper flakes
1 1/2 cups dried chickpeas, rinsed
1 pound butternut squash, peeled and cut into large pieces
1 bunch Swiss chard, leaves and stems separated and roughly chopped
1 piece Parmesan cheese rind, plus grated Parmesan for topping (optional)
Kosher salt and freshly ground pepper
Crusty bread and/or lemon wedges, for serving
Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the onion and garlic and cook until soft and golden brown, 4 to 5 minutes. Stir in the tomato paste and red pepper flakes and cook 1 minute. Stir in 1/2 cup water, scraping up any browned bits. Transfer the contents of the skillet to a 6-quart slow cooker.
Add the chickpeas, squash, chard stems (not the leaves), the Parmesan rind, if using, 2 teaspoons salt and 7 cups water to the slow cooker. Stir, then cover and cook on low, 8 hours.
Just before serving, lift the lid and stir in the chard leaves; cover and continue cooking 10 more minutes. Season with salt and pepper, and stir to slightly break up the squash. Discard the Parmesan rind, if used. Ladle the stew into bowls; top with the grated Parmesan, if desired, and serve with bread and/or lemon wedges.
Pumpkin Chili
1/2 pound ground beef
1/2 medium onion, chopped
1/2 red bell pepper, chopped
1 14.5-ounce can diced tomatoes
1 8-ounce can tomato sauce
1 15.25-ounce can black beans
1 cup pumpkin puree
1 teaspoon chili powder
1 teaspoon cumin
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
Few drops hot sauce
Salt and pepper, to taste
In a medium saute pan, brown the ground beef. Add the onions and bell pepper and cook until the onions are translucent.
In a medium slow cooker, combine the diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, beans, pumpkin, chili powder, cumin, cinnamon and hot sauce. Stir to combine. Add in the cooked beef and stir. Season to taste with salt and pepper.
Cook on low for 6-8 hours or on high for 4 hours. Serve with your favorite chili toppings, such as cheese, sour cream or tortilla strips.
And to try more traditional recipes, take a stab at these:
Slow Cooker French Onion Soup
4 medium sweet onions, thinly sliced
3 garlic cloves, minced
4 tablespoons of butter
2 tablespoons balsamic vinegar
2 tablespoons brown sugar
3 tablespoons flour
8 ounces of beer
64 ounces of low-sodium beef stock
2 tablespoons fresh thyme
1/2 teaspoon black pepper
1/2 teaspoon salt
French bread
Gruyere cheese, sliced
Set your crock pot on high, then add onions, garlic, brown sugar, butter, salt and balsamic vinegar and mix until combined.
Cover and let cook for 60 minutes, stirring occasionally, until onions are a bit caramely and brown on the edges.
Add in flour, then stir thoroughly and let sit for 5 minutes.
Add in beer, beef stock, thyme, and pepper, then turn heat down to low, cover and cook for 6-8 hours.
Cut french bread into slices.
Fill soup bowls to the top, then cover with slice of bread and a slice of cheese.
Set under the broiler for 2-3 minutes, or until cheese is bubbly and golden brown.
Adapted from Tyler Florence's recipe
2 pounds ground beef
2 16-ounce cans kidney beans, rinsed and drained
2 14.5-ounce cans diced tomatoes, drained
1 8-ounce can tomato sauce
2 onions, chopped
1 green bell pepper, chopped
2 cloves garlic, minced
3 tablespoons chili powder
1 tablespoon cayenne pepper
2 teaspoons salt
1 teaspoon ground black pepper
1/2 cup shredded Cheddar cheese
First, you want to heat a large skillet on medium-high heat and stir in the ground beef. Cook and stir for about seven minutes until the beef is evenly browned and no longer pink and crumbly. Drain and discard any excess grease in the pan.
Combine the ground beef, kidney beans, diced tomatoes, tomato sauce, onions, bell pepper, garlic, chili powder, cayenne pepper, salt and black pepper into the slow cooker. Cover and cook on low heat for 10 hours, or high heat for about four hours.
Once it's cooked, garnish each serving with cheddar cheese and enjoy!