text:
Assistant Professor,
Department of Political Science,
University of Michigan, 2009-
Jowei Chen
Department of Political Science
University of Michigan
5700 Haven Hall
505 South State Street
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1045
Telephone: (917) 861-7712
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 57, No. 1: 200-217.
American Journal of Political Science. Vol. 54, No. 2: 301-322.
The Effect of Chamber Size on Government Spending in Bicameral Legislatures. (with Neil Malhotra)
American Political Science Review. Vol. 101, No. 4: 657-676.
Political Geography and Electoral Bias in Legislatures. (with Jonathan Rodden)
Quarterly Journal of Political Science, Vol. 8, No. 3.
Reactions: The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times. The Washington Post, The Orlando Sentinel, The Washington Monthly, Bloomberg News, Huffington Post, The Washington Times, Salon.
Abstract: While conventional wisdom holds that partisan bias in US legislative elections results from intentional partisan and racial gerrymandering, we demonstrate that substantial bias can also emerge from patterns of human geography. We show that in many states, Democrats are inefficiently concentrated in large cities and smaller industrial agglomerations such that they can expect to win fewer than 50 percent of the seats when they win 50 percent of the votes. To measure this "unintentional gerrymandering," we use automated districting simulations based on precinct-level 2000 presidential election results in several states. Our results illustrate a strong relationship between the geographic concentration of Democratic voters and electoral bias favoring Republicans.
Estimating and Explaining Ideological Change in Executive Agencies. (with Tim Johnson)
Forthcoming, Journal of Theoretical Politics.
Abstract: We present a formal model explaining that U.S. presidents strategically unionize federal employees to reduce bureaucratic turnover and "anchor" the ideological composition of like-minded agency workforces. To test our model's predictions, we advance a method of estimating bureaucratic ideology via the campaign contributions of federal employees; we then use these bureaucratic ideal point estimates in a comprehensive empirical test of our model. Consistent with our model's predictions, our empirical tests find that federal employee unionization stifles agency turnover, suppresses ideological volatility when the president's partisanship changes, and occurs more frequently in agencies ideologically proximate to the president.
and the Ideological Composition of Appointments to the Public Bureaucracy. (with Adam Bonica and Tim Johnson)
Conditionally Accepted, Quarterly Journal of Political Science.
Abstract: Article II Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution gives both the Senate and the President a role in the appointment of public bureaucrats. Yet, since the drafting of that constitutional passage, changes within the Senate and Executive have created new ways for officials to influence who gets appointed to the public bureaucracy. The Senate has developed intricate vetting procedures within its committees, while the Executive Branch has created new methods - such as the Schedule C designation - to facilitate the unilateral staffing of "inferior offices." To what extent do these institutional changes affect the ideological composition of appointments to the public bureaucracy? Our formal theory predicts that the investigative procedures of Senate committees allow chairs to block ideologically disparate nominations, thus compelling presidents to nominate moderates to Senate-confirmed post while placing extremists in Schedule C positions. Empirical analyses support these predictions: The probability of Senate confirmation declines with a nominee's ideological distance from the relevant committee chair and Schedule C appointees exhibit greater ideological extremism than Senate-confirmed appointees. These findings reveal how modern, institutional modifications of Article II Section 2 influence both the ideological composition of appointed federal bureaucrats and the struggle for power between branches of the U.S. federal government.
Senior Opinion, Legislative Behavior, and Federal Health Reform. (With Katharine Bradley)
Forthcoming, Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law.
Revise and Resubmit, State Politics and Policy Quarterly.
Using Computer Simulations to Estimate the Effect of Gerrymandering in the U.S. House. (With David Cottrell)
Revise and Resubmit, Electoral Studies.
Working Papers:
Abstract: How does the size of a legislature affect the competitiveness of its districts' elections? This paper theoretically develops and empirically tests three hypotheses concerning the effect of legislative chamber size on electoral competition and partisan gerrymandering. First, in swing states, legislature size has a negative effect on the fraction of districts that are electorally competitive; the intuition here is that smaller districts are more politically homogenous and thus less competitive. Second, in those few states that are extremely Democratic (e.g., New York) or extremely Republican (e.g., Alabama), legislature size has a single-peaked relationship with electoral competitiveness: Moderate-sized legislative chambers produce the most competitive districts. Finally, because political gerrymanderers often seek to manipulate electorally vulnerable districts, a decline in competitive districts should cause a decrease in partisan gerrymandering. Therefore, among swing states, larger legislative chambers should exhibit less gerrymandering than smaller chambers. To empirically test these three arguments, I first present data from state legislative election results during 1992-2002. I then conduct automated, repeated simulations of state legislature and Congressional districting across several states. These simulations allow us to isolate the effect of legislature size on electoral competitiveness, thus removing confounding factors such as gerrymandering, candidate quality, and incumbency advantage. Finally, in order to measure the extent of gerrymandering in each legislative chamber, I compare real-life districting plans against the simulated districting plans. By comparing these two sets of plans, I estimate the extent to which gerrymanderers politically manipulated legislative districts in the 2002 redistricting cycle.
Abstract: This paper presents a new method of estimating the ideal points of US federal agencies using the campaign contributions of bureaucrats employed by each agency. Ideal points are calculated by examining the Common Space DW-NOMINATE scores of incumbent federal politicians who receive campaign contributions from each agency's bureaucratic personnel. These ideal point estimates exhibit face validity under tests of some basic hypotheses about the partisan control of bureaucratic agencies. The substantive contribution of this paper is to show that the most right-wing agencies under a Republican administration often become the most leftwing agencies under a Democratic presidency. That is, agency ideal points under a Republican president exhibit a negative correlation with agency ideal points under a Democratic administration.


text: |Infuse your home with the Asian elegance of this luxuriously silky chocolate brown cushion cover, hand-woven by talented northern Thai artisans. This exquisite creation features a stunning central black band embroidered with an intricate filigree dragon design. Two side accent strands tie together in the front fashionably. The cushion cover has been skillfully hand-woven to achieve a gently textured finish. A full-length hidden zipper allows for easy insertion or removal of cushions, while double stitching on the inside seams increases the durability of this unique hand-crafted item. Subtle yet stylish, this hand-woven cushion cover will infuse your home with the spirit of the East. Measures approximately 16 inches square. Cushion not included. Working hand-in-hand with talented artisan partners, AsiaEXP brings you handicrafts of exceptional quality from a variety of world cultures. With this purchase you are not only receiving a beautiful product, you are also supporting a great cause. By shopping with us you help to sustain Asian communities and to preserve the rich cultural heritage of Thailand. The handcrafted nature of this item will produce minor differences in design, color and sizing. Subtle variations will occur from piece to piece, adding to the unique quality of individual creations. Measurements may vary slightly.

subset: commoncrawl


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Rolling into the month of March with Easter just weeks away and that means the girls need a new dress and the guys need a handsome new outfit as well. On Good Morning Texoma, Lisanne sat down with the folks at Goodwill to again show the surprising finds that you might not expect.
For more information on donating to Goodwill: http://goodwillnorthtexas.org/


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Chicago firefighters responded to a call of a boat on fire Friday and police ended up hauling a man away.
The fire on the luxury boat at Burnham Harbor started late Friday afternoon and when firefighters arrived, they found a man below deck who shouldn't have been there.
The trespasser was taken into custody. No one was hurt.
Julio Chavez Jr., 34, was charged with felony arson and burglary, according to police. Chavez's home address wasn't immediately known.
The cause of the fire is under investigation.
The Sun-Times Media Wire contributed to this report.
Follow @fox32news
Police are investigating the murder of a homeless man who was beaten to death in an alley in Logan Square.
35 Skyline DriveLake Mary, FL 32746
Phone: (407) 644-3535News Tips: (866) 55-FOX35


text:
Online Partner Charleston Dance Lesson Video: Tandem Charleston: Connection (2 10)
Lesson Info
This is part 2 of 10 in the Intermediate Tandem Charleston lesson pack. In this lesson both partners will learn how to connect in this unique position, and how the footwork relates to certain key body movements, adjustments that will make your tandem actually feel good as well as look good!
Get the Whole Pack and Save
Instead of just the "Tandem Charleston: Connection (2_10)" lesson, grab a whole Lesson Pack that it's part of at a 15% discount:
$19.90 $16.92
$324.37 $275.71
$338.30 $287.56
$322.38 $274.02
$111.44 $94.72


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BC/BE - OB/GYN Physician
College Hill Women's Health Center
Rock Springs
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Daniel Radcliffe Named 'Entertainer of the Year' by Entertainment WeeklyRadcliffe
Entertainment Weekly has named actor Daniel Radcliffe their "Entertainer of the Year" for 2011 following the success of the final "Harry Potter" film and his critically acclaimed performance on Broadway's "How to Succeed in Business..."
EW editor Jess Cagle appeared on Good Morning America to announce their choice. She said:
"Ultimately there was one person who made the most sense." Cagle added that Radcliffe is "the nicest guy with one of the brightest futures in Hollywood. There's nothing he can't do."A preview of Radcliffe's cover for the magazine can be seen here. Entertainment Weekly hits newsstands this Friday, Dec. 9.
And, said Cagle, "He's really interested in doing the work. Despite all his wealth and fame as a teenager, he never derailed. He was never busted. Never went outside without his panties on."


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Latest headlines
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The nation's capital recently welcomed more than 3,500 members of the DAR, one of its foremost service organizations. Members of the Rushville Chapter were in attendance at the 122nd Continental Congress, the annual convention. The DAR Continental Congress is a time-honored tradition that has been held in Washington, D.C. as the annual national meeting of the membership since the organization's founding, 123 years ago. National, state and chapter leaders from around the world meet at the DAR National Headquarters to report on the year's work, honor outstanding award recipients, plan future initiatives and reconnect with friends.
Highlights of the convention included Opening Night guest speakers Leigh Keno of "Antiques Roadshow", who received the DAR Historic Preservation Recognition Award, and Rich Little, comedian and voice over actor, who received the DAR Americanism Award, given to a distinguished naturalized citizen. On National Defense Night, an evening honoring our nation's military, the keynote address was delivered by Vice Admiral Robin R. Braun, US Navy, and Lieutenant General Claude "Mick" Kicklighter, US Army (Ret.), provided remarks as director of the DoD Vietnam War 50th Anniversary Commemoration. Additional awards that evening were presented to the Army Nurse of the Year and outstanding volunteers for veterans. On Saturday evening, Ambassador John Limbert was honored with the Medal of Honor at the Gala Awards Banquet. Actress Connie Stevens was presented with the Founders Medal for Patriotism, and the films Honor Flight and Girl Rising received DAR Media Awards. During the week, the DAR also honored the Outstanding Teacher of American History and the DAR American history essay contest winners.
"It's inspiring to see more than 3,500 members travel to Washington to celebrate the accomplishments of the past year to preserve the past, enhance the present and invest in the future," said Merry Ann T. Wright, President General. "Attendees show great enthusiasm to participate in seminars and workshops during the conference to enhance their work of promoting historic preservation, education and patriotism back in their communities. The reports given at our Continental Congress make it clear that the DAR is playing an important role in cities and towns across America."


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Hi to everyone is couple of days than i try to install Autocad 2014 on windows 8 64 bits with not success everytime i tried i always get the same error as the picture:
I tried many things as i so in this forum as i saw in other forum ect....
I tried to check the following registry keys:
and they are as the following pictures:
and i check also that:
And after i checked also the environment variables as you can see in the following picture:
I don't know what else do, i haven't other idea please i need a quick help to fix my problem!
Solved! Go to Solution.
I forget to say that i all ready try to install Autocad 2014 "run as Administrator" and the user where i'm loged is also administrator i also tried to create a new user with administrator rights and i tried to install autocad but no way always the same error.
What else i can do to fix this error, please i need help!!!!!
Hi, I have exactly the same problem:
Same OS, same error messages, same countermeasures with no success.
I checked the availability of paths and my write permissions etc.
I have placed the setup on the local hard disc in addition.
No chance to get the Installation done.
Has anybody an idea?
same issue here
thos works well on Windoes 7 32 bit
but for Windows 7 64 bit
cannot install AutoCAD 2014
I tried it on 4 machines
everywhere same problem
thought I downladed the wrong/incomplete installer
downloaded it again, same problem
the user has all admin rights, everything seems fine
same problem
can anyone help!!!!
what I would like to add:
our CAD-workstation has an SSD (solid state disk) just for the operating system and the program data.
ALL user data ist stored on a second standard hard-disk. (D:\)
Is there a problem with different hard-drives for user-Data and programm data?
I also have the problem with the same configuration, SSD and D data drive.
Hi, to everyone, seem to be that also other peoples has the same problem but until now no solution i hope to see soon some advice, and i wish that i and the other we can find the solution for our problem.
Thank's in advance to everyone.
sorry you are having the same problem, me too.
are your computers also SSD with User files going to seperate drive?
Has anyone reported this on subscription services?


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YDA is proud to offer all of our state and local chapters a powerful online chapter technology system we call DEMopolis. DEMopolis gives even the smallest local YDA chapter some of the most powerful online (and offline) organizing tools available.
If you already have a DEMopolis Chapter Leader login, simply follow this link.
Find a Chapter
If you are a chapter leader who isn't sure if your organization already has a DEMopolis group set up, you should go see if you organization is on our DEMopolis Chapter List. To do so, go to our DEMopolis Search for Chapters Page.
Some Help Using DEMopolis:
As with any powerful membership management tool, it is going to take a little practice and some guidance to fully use DEMopolis to its potential. Here are a few places you can get some assistance, advice, training, and help!


text:
Pam Houston
Award-winning Writer & Teacher
Author of Contents May Have Shifted
"Ms. Houston snaps along in a sassy canter, her prose sharp and clean and full of sentences worth underlining." —NY Times Book Review
"Pam Houston is a wonder, moving with grace and humor and insight….a narrative tour de force." —Robert Olen Butler
"Houston claims for women the terrain staked out by male writers from Hemingway to Richard Ford....Her voice is wholly formed and perfect." —Los Angeles Times
Pam Houston is the author of two collections of linked short stories, Cowboys Are My Weakness (1994), which was the winner of the 1993 Western States Book Award and has been translated into nine languages, and Waltzing the Cat (1999, reissued 2013), which won the Willa Award for Contemporary Fiction; two novels, Contents May Have Shifted (2012); and Sight Hound (2006), all published by W.W. Norton & Co.; and two collections of autobiographical essays, A Rough guide to the Heart (Virago, 2001) and A Little More About Me (Norton, 1999, reissued 2013). Houston has also edited a collection of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry entitled Women on Hunting: Essays, Fiction, and Poetry (Ecco Press). She is the author of a stage play called "Tracking the Pleiades"; and she has written the text for Men Before Ten A.M., a book of photographs by the French photographer Veronique Vialle.
Contents May Have Shifted Review on NPR
Interview about Contents May Have Shifted
Richard Ford selected "How to Talk to a Hunter" for the 1990 Best American Short Stories; a decade later, Houston's "The Best Girlfriend You Never Had" was John Updike's only addition to the 1999 Best American Short Stories of the Century. Her stories have also been selected for The O. Henry Awards and The Pushcart Prize. She is the winner of the Western States Book Award, the WILLA Award for contemporary fiction, and The Evil Companions Literary Award. She is a regular contributor to O, the Oprah Magazine, The New York Times, Bark, More, and many other periodicals. Her essays and stories have been widely anthologized, and in 2012 she contributed the prologue to Metawritings: Toward a Theory of Nonfiction (University of Iowa Press).
Excerpts & Video of Pam from Contents May Have Shifted
Houston is a Professor of English at UC Davis, directs the literary nonprofit Writing By Writers and teaches in The Pacific University low residency MFA program and at writer's conferences around the country and the world. She divides her time between Davis and southwestern Colorado at 9,000 feet above sea level near the headwaters of the Rio Grande.
2001 Interview with On the Page
Pam Houston's most recent book is Contents May Have Shifted. She is also the author of two collections of linked short stories, Cowboys Are My Weakness and Waltzing the Cat, the novel Sight Hound, and a collection of essays, A Little More About Me. Her stories have been selected for Best American Short Stories, The O. Henry Awards, The 2013 Pushcart Prize, and Best American Short Stories of the Century. She is the winner of the Western States Book Award, the WILLA award for contemporary fiction, The Evil Companions Literary Award and multiple teaching awards.
About CONTENTS MAY HAVE SHIFTED (Novel, 2012)
Heart-stopping prose and crackling observations on a spiritual journey toward a life rich in love and freedom. Stuck in a dead-end relationship, this fearless narrator leaves her metaphorical baggage behind and finds a comfort zone in the air, "feeling safest with one plane ticket in her hand and another in her underwear drawer." She flies around the world, finding reasons to love life in dozens of far-flung places from Alaska to Bhutan. Along the way she weathers unplanned losses of altitude, air pressure, and landing gear. With the help of a squad of loyal, funny, wise friends and massage therapists, she learns to sort truth from self-deception, self-involvement from self-possession. At last, having found a new partner "who loves Don DeLillo and the NHL" and a daughter "who needs you to teach her to dive and to laugh at herself"—not to mention two dogs and two horses—"staying home becomes more of an option. Maybe."
About SIGHT HOUND (Novel, 2006)
A very special love story from the best-selling author of Cowboys Are My Weakness. This is the story of a woman, Rae, and her dog, Dante, a wolfhound who teaches "his human" that love is stronger than fear (the dog has always known this). Dante is the catalyst for change in other characters as well, and they step forward with their narratives: Rae's house-tender; her therapist; two veterinarians; and an anxiety-ridden actor, Howard, who turns out to be as stalwart as Dante himself. As the "seer" who hunts by sight rather than smell, Dante has some things to add, as does Rose, another dog who lives at Rae's heels, and Stanley the cat. Among and above these myriad voices, Rae voices her own challenges. With the wit and dead-on candor we've come to expect from Pam Houston, Sight Hound unfolds a story that illuminates the intangible covenant between loved ones. Here, dogs and humans are simply equal creatures, looking to connect and holding on for dear life when they do.
About COWBOYS ARE MY WEAKNESS: STORIES (Stories, 1994)
In Pam Houston's critically acclaimed collection of strong, shrewd, and very funny stories, we meet smart women who are looking for the love of a good man, and men who are wild and hard to pin down. "I've always had this thing for cowboys, maybe because I was born in New Jersey. But a real cowboy is hard to find these days, even in the West," says the narrator in the title story of Pam Houston's critically acclaimed collection. Houston's heroines are part daredevil, part philosopher, all acute observers of the nuances of modern romance. They go where their cowboys go; they meet cowboys who don't look the part—and they have staunch friends who give them advice when the going gets rough. Cowboys Are My Weakness is a refreshing and realistic look at men and women—together and apart.


text:
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text:
1,000 miles. 2 very dedicated men on a mission. 2,700 backpacks of food for children in need. What started as a 'what if' months ago ended with a 975-mile bang as Michael McAllister and Virgil Seibold completed their bike ride from Fargo, ND to Denver, CO on August 18th. They crossed the official finish line […]
By: Amy Berg, Marketing and Communications Specialist, The CE Shop Of course you've heard of Zillow, who hasn't? Many agents and homebuyers are praising the site for its resourcefulness. But, is it getting too much hype? No. In fact, Forbes recently rated Zillow as the #1 app for real estate agents. With over 1 million […]
The Internet is overflowing with ideas and business building tips – where do you even start? We've made it easy and compiled a list of the top things you should be doing right now to build your business and have pointed you in the direction of experts who can help. By: Wynter Johnson, Marketing Manager, The CE Shop
We are excited to announce that The CE Shop Foundation has kicked off the first fundraising event, "Bike for Backpacks", a 975 mile cross-country bike ride! On August 1, Michael McAllister, our CEO, and Virgil Seibold, our VP of Human Resources, started cycling from Fargo, ND to Denver, CO in support of ending childhood hunger. How you ask? […]
5670 Greenwood Plaza Blvd., Suite 420
Greenwood Village, CO 80111
Hours: 7:00am - 7:00pm CST Mon-Fri
© Copyright 2014 TheCEShop.com. All Rights Reserved.
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Thread: Gov and edu sites
Jan 25, 2013, 02:42 #1
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Gov and edu sites
Hey guys, can anybody guide me why edu and gov sites are so much preferred, especially by SEO specialists?
Jan 25, 2013, 03:43 #2
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Contrary to popular opinion, a .gov and .edu domain name has no special significance to search engines. Google and the like do not especially favour such sites over any other.
It's likely that many sites run by government organisations or universities will have higher-quality content than, say, a typical blog. So such sites might well rank higher. But that's because of the content, not because the domain name ends in .gov or .edu.
The same applies to links from such sites. Getting a link from a .gov or .edu is not necessarily any better than a link from any other site of similar quality.


text:
Rotating Ornament Hook for Christmas Trees
Rotating Ornament Hook
Item #12010001
Enhance your Christmas tree with this ornament spinner. Revolutionary new motor design will turn ornaments 360 degrees.
Simply plug into your existing light bulb sockets on the tree and you're ready to spin your ornaments
Holds ornaments up to 60g
Fits most 35, 50 and 100 light sets
Just remove any bulb and insert the pig-tail into socket. It's that simple
May use up to 3 spinners per light set
UL listed for indoor use only
5 inch green lead cord
Dimensions: 1.5 inches high x 1 inch wide x .9 inches deep
Material(s): plastic
In Stock: 62
Price: $5.99


text:
Microsoft is rolling out a more flexible licensing policy for its CRM Online application that could make it more competitive with the likes of Salesforce.com, but in one instance it also introduces a price increase.
While Microsoft's CRM (customer relationship management) software uses the same codebase for both the online and on-premises versions, until now CRM Online was available at only one pricing level, currently $44 per user per month. Meanwhile, on-premises CRM customers have been able to choose from three different pricing models.
[ Discover what's new in business applications with InfoWorld's Technology: Applications newsletter. | Get the latest insight on the tech news that matters from InfoWorld's Tech Watch blog. ]
"Many of our online customers have asked us for more options," said Paco Contreras Herrera, director of product marketing for pricing and licensing, in a blog post Monday. "They want the same flexibility for our online service."
In the next major update to Dynamics CRM, which is scheduled for later this year, online customers will be able to choose from three different pricing levels.
At the high end, Dynamics CRM Professional Edition will cost $65 per user per month. This is aimed at those "who need the full capabilities of Microsoft Dynamics CRM including sales-force automation as well as marketing and customer care," Herrera wrote. "We believe most users will find this license best fits their needs."
Microsoft will also offer a Basic edition at $30 per user per month, which is aimed at "sales, service and marketing users who need to manage accounts, contacts, leads, cases and access custom applications as well as for business analysts who require reporting capabilities," Herrera added.
Finally, an Essential version will cost $15 per user per month and is meant for "light-weight users who need to access custom applications developed in house or by our vast network of partners," he wrote.
In addition, online and on-premises licenses "will be equivalent, making it easier for our customers to compare and decide what works best for them," Herrera said.
Actual pricing for CRM Online "might vary by geography," and don't include fees for "add-on services such as additional storage, testing and production instances," Herrera wrote.
Microsoft's moves seem intent on helping it compete with Salesforce.com, which has offered a range of access tiers for its cloud-based CRM application.
The monthly charge for Professional Edition will bring Dynamics CRM in line with Salesforce.com's Professional edition, which also costs $65 per user per month, but also amounts to a $21 per month price hike for customers that want the full range of Dynamics CRM features.
Via email, a representative for Microsoft acknowledged that "costs have come up some," but added that as of the launch of Dynamics CRM 2013 later this year, mobile licenses will be included at no additional charge.
The mobile access policy will apply to all editions of Dynamics CRM, both online and on-premises, Herrera said in his blog post.
Microsoft is also "offering our customers more freedom to choose and the ability to mix and match licenses, so they are not forced to fit every user into the same license," Herrera added.


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Charlie Rose Interview 301007
Charlie Rose Show with Charlie Rose
30 October 2007
ROSE: Welcome to the broadcast. Tonight, Mohamed ElBaradei, Nobel Laureate and the man who heads up the International Atomic Energy Agency, and is dealing with the Iranians about nuclear issues.
[Begin Video Clip]
MOHAMED ELBARADEI, DIRECTOR GENERAL, IAEA: I have to give a report at the end of next month. I hope I should be able to give a positive report that they clarified the issues. But the test is, are they transparent enough? Are they - you know, are they cooperative enough? If they are, then obviously, that will work in their favor, but that would resolve part of the problem, which is that Iran, today, is clean. We still have the other part, which is say do we trust Iran´s future intentions? That´s really the major problem the U.S. has and the West has. It´s not what Iran has today; it´s what Iran could have in 10 years.
[End Video Clip]
ROSE: ...Mohamed ElBaradei is here. He is the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Before the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, he found no evidence that Iraq was rebuilding its nuclear weapons program. In 2005, he and the IAEA jointly won the Nobel Peace Prize. He addressed the United Nations General Assembly yesterday, and next month he will report on Iran´s compliance with demands to come clean about its past nuclear research activities. I am pleased to have him back at this table. Welcome.
ELBARADEI: Thank you very much, Charlie, for having me.
ROSE: You are - I should say this, too - you are an avid New York Knicks fan.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely.
ROSE: So you have gone through - you know how to deal with suffering.
ELBARADEI: For at least 25 years now.
ROSE: Let me just start with where we are.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: In terms of the Iranian question. You have made this proposal that the United States, basically, sets up some demands and answers some questions. Tell me where we are.
ELBARADEI: Well, Iran, we still have question marks about its program. Why do we have the question marks, Charlie? Because they started that program 20 years in a clandestine manner. They´re arguing that we could not have done it otherwise because we are under sanctions. However, the problem for us is to reconstruct 20 years of clandestine work - research, procurement, experiments - and we are going through that. We have done quite a lot in understanding the scope and the nature of the program, but we still have a number of question marks, and therefore, I keep saying, you know, that we cannot give you a pass. We cannot say that your program is kosher until you come, you know, with the necessary documentation we need, the access to individuals, the necessary access to locations. Then we can say Iran today is OK.
But that´s one part of the problem. The other part, that there is a major distrust between Iran and the West, primarily the U.S., that goes at least half a century, since 1953, when the nationally elected government was removed by the CIA, the hostage crisis - there is a lot of distrust, lots of grievances between the U.S. and Iran, and - and shared in many ways by many Western countries, that they see Iranian behavior in the region is not - is not necessarily, you know, the way that ought to be, so.
ROSE: It´s gotten exacerbated by the new president, by the...
ELBARADEI: Of course. A lot of these statements absolutely did not help create any confidence. And so there is a lot of concern, not about Iran today - I mean, we´re still going through the process of cleaning the acts of the past and the present, but the major concern is about should Iran have the technology, the enrichment technology, which means that they can have the nuclear material that can go into a weapon if they walk out of the system. I mean, the scenario goes like this, Charlie, that if Iran were to have the enrichment technology, they would kick the inspectors out, then they would go for a nuclear weapon, and then they would pursue an aggressive foreign policy in the region.
ROSE: That´s the fear of the United States and the West?
ELBARADEI: That´s the fear of the United States and the West. Iran is saying, "that´s not what we are after. We are really looking for independence, self-sufficiency. We would like to have our own fuel, because we were subject to sanction. We would like also to be a commercial partner," because it´s a lucrative business.
ROSE: And they say they´re a signatory to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty.
ELBARADEI: Correct. They have a right. And so, we have - we have on the one hand, Iran saying we have a right; on the other, the West saying, we don´t trust you to exercise that right. Right now, we´re saying, well, you need to adopt a moratorium. In fact, Security Council said you need to take a time out. You need to have a suspension for some years of exercising that right, until we have the confidence that even when you exercise that right, you are not going to manipulate it and use it for nuclear weapons. I think frankly that - I hope that Iran will take a time out, because they don´t really need to go into enrichment today. They don´t need it today, and they have one reactor that´s going to operate soon. They´re getting all the fuel they need from Russia. The argument they have that we need science and technology - sure, but you don´t have to have it today.
ROSE: And they also said they don´t trust contracts.
ELBARADEI: And they also said they don´t trust contracts, but that all means one thing - that you need the pressure, as Security Council is doing, but that´s not sufficient, and that´s what the argument I have been saying all the time. You need to engage Iran. You need - you need to make sure that confidence is not going to be built through sanctions alone. You need to talk to them. You need to put all the grievances on the table. And when you really talk about the nuclear issue, is one part of the whole puzzle of the Middle East, Charlie. It´s Iraq. It´s Afghanistan. It´s Lebanon. It´s the Israeli issue. It´s human rights. You name it. And it´s a question of regional security. Iran would like to - if I can put it differently, it´s a competition between two completely different ideologies, and Iran aspiring to be a major player in the region, and the U.S. and the West fear that Iran might exceed the role they should be playing in the region. And the only way to do that is to go through - sit around a table like this, put all the grievances, reconcile your differences.
And the earlier we go to the negotiating mode, the better for everybody, because I don´t see sanctions alone is going to work. It will hurt Iran. There is no question about it. It will hurt even sometime innocent civilians, as we have seen in Iraq. But sanctions alone is not - is not the solution. It´s a sanction plus. And even the Security Council said, we would like Iran to come into negotiation, because a global grand pact deal is the way to go, a grand deal that deals with security, that deals with economics, sanctions, technology. How do we get into the negotiation? It´s really the knot that we´re still [inaudible].
ROSE: OK, but let me just ask a question that most of us want to know.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: If the United States says, "stop enrichment and we´ll negotiate"?
ELBARADEI: Yes, that´s correct. That´s, in fact, I mean, I had a long discussion today with Secretary Rice just before coming here, and - and she was very clear that if Iran were to suspend, the U.S. is ready to negotiate.
The Iranians are saying, well, we should not - we do not - we should not stop because this is our right. But I would hope that they will take the time out. They will take a moratorium. Nobody is telling them, give up your right. All the international community is asking them to do is just take a time out for a few months and just get into the negotiation.
ROSE: Why won´t they do that?
ELBARADEI: Well, there is a lot of - there is a lot of I think pride involved, that this is our right. Why should we do it? There is a lot of different views inside Iran as far as understanding.
ROSE: They just changed their negotiator, by the way.
ELBARADEI: They changed their - you know, Ali Larijani, who is their negotiator. So there is a lot going on in domestic politics, also, you know. As you say here, all politics.
ROSE: Is local.
ELBARADEI: Local. That is clear. So that´s a part, and I really would hope and I will continue to talk to the Iranians and urge the Iranians that nobody questions your right, but just take the time out to engage, and get into the negotiation. I believe if you get the Iran-U.S. around the negotiating table, things will move very fast. The Iranian need the U.S. engagement and U.S. needs the Iranian engagement.
ROSE: Let´s just take both of them and what they need to do, OK? The United States wants them to stop enrichment, because they fear with enrichment they´re going to take them to the place where they can, if they want to, make a nuclear weapon.
ELBARADEI: Sure. Sure.
ROSE: Iran says, "why should we stop this? All we want to do is to make it possible to have nuclear power."
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: What should the United States do to come to the table? What are you asking the West to do?
ELBARADEI: I think what I´m asking the West to do is to assure Iran that they are not after, you know, banning Iran from having the right. They have to make it very clear.
ROSE: But haven´t they done that? I mean, haven´t they made it clear that they were not opposed to Iran having nuclear power? The Russians said we´re not opposed, and we´ll do the enrichment for you.
ELBARADEI: Again, there is a lot of distrust. There is a lot of distrust, Charlie.
ROSE: That is exactly the heart of it.
ELBARADEI: That is the heart of it. And Iranians say, "why should we trust you?" You know, they will give you a litany of things that happened in the past. So, and they say, "why should the Russians enrich for us? Why shouldn´t we be like the Russians, enriching?" The solution is, it has to be a gradual confidence-building, and that will never happen except when they start negotiating. And the earlier we get to negotiate, the better.
ROSE: One final - one small step at a time until we have...
ELBARADEI: Absolutely.
ROSE: ...developed mutual reciprocity. So Secretary Rice is basically in conversations with you and with everybody else saying, "stop enrichment. We´ll be there."
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. And I think she was very clear, she is ready - the U.S. is fully ready to engage on the nuclear issue and on every other issue, which is a very welcome statement. And I would hope the Iranians would listen to that. I would hope the Iranians would give peace a chance, as well as the U.S. would give regional stability.
ROSE: Take a risk for peace.
ELBARADEI: Take a risk for peace.
ROSE: That´s what they´ve got to do.
ELBARADEI: Both of them. They should take a risk for peace, absolutely.
ROSE: When the United States starts talking World War III, as the president did - you know, and lots of people talk about - you know, you´ve got to have - you know, you have to keep on the table the possibility of a military eventuality. If nothing else - if all else fails.
ELBARADEI: Yeah.
ROSE: Does that contribute to confidence-building? Does that have an impact on confidence-building?
ELBARADEI: It worries me a great deal, Charlie, when we talk about use of force when there is absolutely no reason to speak about use of force today. I mean, everybody agrees that Iran today does not have a nuclear weapon.
ROSE: Do they agree as to how far off it might be if they wanted one?
ELBARADEI: I think they agree. I mean, again, if I take John Negroponte and his successor recently, both of them have said that they are three to eight years away. So do we need to speak - and that´s [inaudible], do we need to hear every think tank, do we need to hear every morning, you know, people saying "let us bomb them tomorrow"? I mean, what that does.
ROSE: But the president has made clear they want to negotiate rather than bomb.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely.
ROSE: They´ve made clear that they want to settle this.
ELBARADEI: I think the administration is absolutely committed, and again, I can say, I repeat that today, Secretary Rice said, "we are absolutely committed to a peaceful diplomatic solution," which gives a good deal of comfort. I heard it before and I would like everybody in the U.S. and everywhere to hear that, because that´s really our aim. There is no military solution to it, and I think when people talk military solution and muscle flexing, they simply scare the hell out of all those in Iran, Charlie, who want to negotiate. You see, when we saw recent changes in the - you know, in the negotiating team, for example, in Iran, I do not know whether that´s - that´s good or bad, frankly, because - and I can´t judge that - but I would like to empower those who would like to go to the negotiating table.
Then the other thing, and I speak now as a lawyer, you can´t just continue to speak willy-nilly about use of force. I mean, then we go back half a century. You know, since 1945, after the second world war, we decided that we should try diplomacy, peaceful resolution of conflict, that we can only use force except in two cases: in case of self-defense, when there is an imminent threat, and in case there is a collective decision by the Security Council that there is a threat to international peace and security.
But now, people talk about use of force as if everybody is free to take law into its own hands, and that would be an absolute disaster. It´s the U.S. - and I´m not talking about the administration - all this intellectuals should understand the message they are sending. The message should be, you know, "we have gone through that" - we have gone through two major conflagrations in the past, and we should not talk about use of force until it is the last resort, until we exhaust every other possibility. And we are very far, far away from that in the case of Iran today.
ROSE: You know, there are some say that in the White House, even within the White House, but within the Government, there are two points of view about this. One, that the Vice President has one point of view and that the secretary of state has another point of view. Others suggest that they want - that they´re kind of working a good-cop, bad-cop thing - that the Vice President and his call for more tough sanctions - his tougher language gives her weapons to say, "look, let´s negotiate, because I´ve got" - do you think that´s true?
ELBARADEI: It´s hard for me to say, and I can´t really say that. But all I know that, of course, pressure and incentives are two tools of diplomacy. I mean, you have to use.
ROSE: Carrot and stick.
ELBARADEI: Carrot and the stick. This is - everybody does, everybody uses, but how to calibrate the carrot and the stick, how to - you know, how to make a fine balance between the right pressure and at the same time providing a carrot. I - you know, I - I saw - recently, I - a statement basically saying, if you just apply pressure, without any valve, it becomes like a pressure cooker. It will simply explode. So I don´t mind people talking about pressure. I don´t mind people talking about - you know - you know, sanctions and include sanctions, but at the same time, it has to be sanctions plus, and that plus is the carrots, the negotiation.
ROSE: OK. Is there any indication that you have - because you talk to them, you were in Tehran - any indication that there is a deal they´re willing to make? There is a place where they will give up something to have an agreement?
ELBARADEI: I think everybody in Iran would like to have a regular, normal relationship with the U.S. Iran is quite different, frankly, from the Arab world, Charlie - you know, when you have people in the Arab world are angry vis-a-vis some of the U.S. policies and the government are friendly. It´s the other way around in Iran.
ROSE: The government is unfriendly; the people admiring.
ELBARADEI: And the people are very - exactly. Are very friendly. So everybody would like to get - ultimately, and the leadership understand that they would like to see - you know, a deal, a grand package with the U.S., but a deal that is fair, that´s equitable, that assures them - you know, their technology transfer, sanctions, what have you. So there is no question - there is no question that there is a lot of interest in regularizing, normalizing, relationship with the U.S.
ROSE: But is there interest - because if you look at what they say, you don´t see a lot of interest, at least the President, who I interviewed for an hour, as you know, here.
ELBARADEI: There is a lot - I think there is a lot of rhetoric we can discard.
ROSE: Political rhetoric for political impact at home?
ELBARADEI: For domestic - for domestic consumption.
ROSE: Because there is an election.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. But there is no question everybody would like to look forward and even get the credit for normalization of Iran relations with the U.S. in particular and with the West in general. There is no question about it. It´s a question of what are the terms of this deal? And who will get the credit for it? And the Iranians, we need to understand, Iran is an old civilization, 2,500 years, they´re very proud people. I mean, Iran also...
ROSE: And should be.
ELBARADEI: And should be. Iran is also, unlike the Arab world, where you have a strong person who can decide what to do, Iran is a very diffused authority. There is a lot of centers of power. And that also complicates things.
ROSE: But most people assume that Ayatollah Khamenei has the power, because they control the Defense Ministry and the principal elements of government, the military.
ELBARADEI: Sure. He´s the leader, but he also has to maintain a consensus among so many centers of power, so there is a process there, and that´s why you can see the Iranians when they negotiate, I mean, they know what they want. They have a very good strategy they usually implement. So it is not - it is not that we should take them lightly. We need to understand where they are coming from. I think the bottom line of that, Charlie - Iran feels that they are a powerful country in the Middle Eastern region, and they are. I think they are one.
ROSE: Don´t you think the United States recognizes that? Or not?
ELBARADEI: I think they - I think - I think if I - to what I hear from the Iranians, they would like to see the U.S. fully recognizing, respecting Iran as a regional power.
ROSE: I think that´s a crucial point. So tell me how the Iranians would believe that. What would the United States have to do to make the Iranians understand that they respect them and they admire their culture and they want to - and they respect their - their influence in the region?
ELBARADEI: I think all that could only come, Charlie, through negotiation. I mean, they need to discuss security assurance. They need to be assured that they will not be attacked. They want to be assured that there are no sanctions that are going to continue to be implemented against them. They need to be assured that they have access to technology. They want a trade agreement between the U.S. and Europe and Iran. They want to be recognized as a major player in discussion of regional security issues, whether it´s Iraq, whether it´s Palestine, whether it´s Lebanon.
ROSE: Iraq is a problem for the U.S.-Iranian relationship?
ELBARADEI: I think - I think if they were to have a - if we were to start a negotiation between the U.S. and Iran, Iran could be a major positive player in the - in the whole Middle East.
ROSE: But they haven´t done it so far.
ELBARADEI: No. They have not.
ROSE: They have not done it with respect to Israeli-Palestinian issues, because they support Hamas. They haven´t done it with respect to Iraq. And the United States and Ambassador Crocker has met with them and saying I couldn´t - and in fact, the United States believes they´re sending weapons in that are killing American soldiers. That´s what they believe. And they say they have the evidence. General Petraeus has the evidence.
ELBARADEI: I mean, I can´t really judge that. However, I don´t see Iran to go into a cooperative mode before the negotiation start. You see, everybody is flexing their muscle right now. Iran want to show that they still can - see.
ROSE: It´s a chicken-and-egg deal.
ELBARADEI: Chicken-and-egg, and Iran want to show that we can also hurt you if you hurt us, you know. So we need to change the mode from hostile mode into cooperative mode. But I personally believe, coming from that region, Charlie, that Iran could be a very positive - could have a very positive impact, because Iran has a lot of influence in Iraq, in Afghanistan, in Palestine, in Lebanon. And so it could be a win-win situation to start the negotiations between the U.S. and Iran. And the earlier we do that, I think - I think the better for the entire - not only the entire world but particularly the Middle East, which could not have gotten - could not have gotten any worse than what it is today.
ROSE: How bad is it?
ELBARADEI: It really is bad. People don´t sometime understand - I mean, we talk - I see a lot of talk which make me shudder. People talk about Islamofascism. They talk about Islam extremism. People there are humiliated and angry, are emotional, and they are getting it both ways in many countries. They feel repressed on the hand of their own government, and they feel they have been unjustly treated by the outside world. So you get this combination. Then it´s very easy to become humiliated. It´s very easy to lose hope.
ROSE: But you can´t just explain that away, as you well know. You can´t explain it´s easy to do that and rage is a powerful factor. I mean, Islamic extremism is a factor in the world.
ELBARADEI: Oh, absolutely.
ROSE: It really is. And as I said it that way, Islamic extremism, not Islam. Islamic extremism is a factor of conflict in the world.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. I think it´s very.
ROSE: Nobody fears it more than many of the Arab states.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. But I think it´s very - it´s very important to say - you know, it´s very important how one uses the language.
ROSE: Right.
ELBARADEI: It´s very important to say, yes, some people have hijacked, you know, a religion and using that religion for absolutely sinister causes, other than calling it Islamofascism, for example, or Islamic extremism. That has nothing to do with it.
ROSE: Is Islamic extremism a bad word, too?
ELBARADEI: I think - because it has nothing to do with Islam. I mean.
ROSE: Even though a lot of it comes from...
ELBARADEI: It´s a...
ROSE: ...fundamental radical violence.
ELBARADEI: Charlie, as you well know, in any religion...
ROSE: I´m asking you to help us out because...
ELBARADEI: No, in any religion, it depends how you interpret it or misinterpret it. I mean, you can misinterpret any religion, you know. And this is - this is - these people have hijacked, you know, the name of the religion, and people should not fall into the trap. I think what we...
ROSE: So what do you call them, then? What do you call them? What do you call al Qaeda? What do you call people who, in the name of Islam - or some variation of Islam - are doing these days?
ELBARADEI: I think they´re extremists who are using a great religion.
ROSE: Exactly.
ELBARADEI: Which has been around for 14 centuries, and these are people who are an aberration. They are aberration. Well, they use - it has nothing to do with religion - again, as I always say that, I mean, we have seen frustration using color, using language. And what I would like - you see, because it is very important, Charlie, that we - at this stage, we need to reach out to the 1.2 billion Muslims who feel that they are being stereotyped, who feel they are being stopped at airports, and basically tell them, we need to reach out to each other. We share the same core values. Tolerance. Humanity. Solidarity.
These are people - as you know, as you rightly said, these are people who have absolutely - you know, despised by the Muslim before anybody else, because they have given a bad name to an entire culture, you know. So we need - I come back, again, to the Middle East. We need to understand what you need in the Middle East right now is not - is not power, is not force. What you need is really soft power, as you call it. You need human rights. You need governance. You need education. You need democracy. And this is.
ROSE: Human rights, governance, democracy.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. Absolutely.
ROSE: Economic development?
ELBARADEI: Economic development - that´s what it is. We have - you know, we have a lot of people - I come - in Egypt, we have a lot of people who still live on $2 a day, you know, lots of them in the Muslim world.
ROSE: It is the tragedy of the Middle East.
ELBARADEI: It is a tragedy.
ROSE: That there are all these economic awards for the benefit of people.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: Some more than others.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely.
ROSE: Available if they could get - everybody could get past, in some grand bargain, the Israeli-Palestinian issue.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. Sure.
ROSE: The Iranian issue. The democracy issue. Participation by more people. The advancement of women issue. All that.
ELBARADEI: And we have - they´re all interconnected, but what really people don´t understand that what you see right now in the Middle East is - you start with poverty. You start with people feeling humiliated, oppressed. And then you end up with weapons of mass destruction. The connection between development and disempowerment - you know, you end up with - being a populist is the most popular currency in the Middle East right now. Then you end up with civil wars - half the Middle East in a civil war situation. You end up with interstate wars. And then you end up with countries trying to acquire nuclear weapons. But you want to change that. It is not going to change through pouring more weapons. You know, it´s going through basically using soft power to get these people - treat people like human beings, they will act like human beings, Charlie. I mean, that´s as simple as I can put it, and you need to get these people - empower the people. Focus on human security.
Resolve the Palestinian issue. I mean, I keep saying, it is not just the Palestinian issue. The Palestinian issue continue to be a red flag for the whole Muslim world as a sign of humiliation, injustice. And the earlier we resolve the Palestinian issue - it has been mismanaged for 40 years from both sides, and the earlier we resolve the Palestinian issue, the earlier we reach out to the Muslim world, and say you are part of the human family, we need to work together, we need to focus on the core human values that we all share, that is the best security system that we can develop. What we deal with right now - Iran, you know, the suicide bomber - these are symptoms. We need to start addressing the causes and really take a serious look and go for it.
ROSE: What would you do about Iraq if you were in the United States shoes now? Today? Having made whatever mistakes have been made, today. And what ought to be the role of the neighbors, including Iran?
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. I think frankly - I mean, again - and Iraq - Iraq solution - it has to be a political solution. There is no military solution to Iraq. You need to engage the neighbors. You need to put a neighbor - a Muslim, Arab face.
ROSE: Don´t you think - for all the problems, all the mistakes, all the tragedy, all the horror, all the suffering, that there have been efforts to engage the neighbors?
ELBARADEI: Yeah, but the neighbors have been - unfortunately, have been sitting on the fence.
ROSE: Exactly.
ELBARADEI: The neighbors -- I mean, the neighbors have taken the position, "you broke it, you fix it."
ROSE: Exactly.
ELBARADEI: Which is - which doesn´t help any way. I mean, this is part of the region. These are a neighboring country. I think you need - I am not engaged in that, but as a person, again, coming from this region - you need to get the neighbors fully engaged. The Iraqis should wake up in the morning and see Arab faces, Muslim faces, and not American - and not American soldiers. And you need to start a political process, and you need to engage Iran. Iran has tremendous influence in Iraq. But the more Iraq will continue, the more will continue this.
ROSE: But I´m not sure there is any evidence that Iran is trying to contribute to that at this point.
ELBARADEI: I don´t really know that. No, I don´t.
ELBARADEI: You mean contribute to the...
ROSE: To the kind of positive things you´re talking about, in terms of creating a political solution.
ELBARADEI: But I think that could come. I believe that could come.
ROSE: If they sat at the table on a broad conversation.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely, I think. Absolutely, Charlie, yes.
ROSE: How do you factor in - and tell me what the reality of this is - the notion that - the notion that Iran has - the fear of the United States, as you know better than anyone, is that the Iranians are simply playing for time, playing for time, and the more they cannot have - and have you in and listen to what you have to say and listen to your proposals. The more they can delay, the closer they will get to not having to worry about delay. Is that a factor in your judgment?
ELBARADEI: It´s a factor, of course, but that´s why I keep telling the Iranians, don´t expand the capacity. You have the knowledge how to enrich, but the knowledge is one thing. Having a bomb is another. I mean, you ask me how many years it would take. And the assessment by all the intelligence, in fact, Western intelligence, they are a few years away, because they still don´t have the capacity to produce the nuclear materials, the weaponization, the delivery system. So even if they have the knowledge, I continue to urge the Iranians publicly and privately, don´t build capacity right now. Just - just.
ROSE: You don´t need 500 centrifuges.
ELBARADEI: Exactly. Just hold it. Hold your horses right now until we get to the negotiating table. And then your whole right will be part of this global structure of regional security. The problem, I should say, Charlie, unfortunately we still continue to live in a world where people see that having nuclear weapons is a means of power, of prestige and of a shield. If you really want to protect yourself, you know, you should have nuclear weapons, and that - you know, I - this is an issue - again, we talked about root-causes in the Middle East. The whole system, the so-called arms-control system, is based on those who do not have weapons should not have weapons, but the weapons states should move into nuclear disarmament. And for 37 years, we haven´t really seen much movement on that.
When I saw this year people like Henry Kissinger, George Shultz, Sam Nunn, Bill Perry saying we need to go for abolition, because it is increasingly dangerous, decreasingly effective. It ought to be a wake-up call. So I think the U.S., Russia, everybody, all the weapons states, will have much stronger moral authority if they show - if they say, "we are moving into that direction. We don´t need to rely on nuclear weapons." I think if you do that, you will create the environment - which I would hope to see in my lifetime - that we look at nuclear weapons the way we look at genocide or slavery, you know. It´s a taboo, you know. But as long as we continue to say, "well, nuclear weapons are very important for our security, but you cannot have it," that system is not sustainable in the long run.
ROSE: And it´s viewed with a certain element of hypocrisy.
ELBARADEI: I will continue to work as a firefighter. You know, I will put a fire here, but then I will have a fire somewhere else, because again, exactly, the double - the so-called double standard has to go.
ROSE: There is this, also, and how do you - it seems to me two things I want to ask you about, two big ideas. Number one is the power of an idea that is to your advantage to give up nuclear weapons or the ambition. Perhaps North Korea would be an example of that, perhaps. Perhaps Libya in some other way was an example of that. That if, in fact, the world community recognizes that giving up, that helps you rather than hurts you.
ELBARADEI: I think these two examples, Charlie, are excellent examples. You need to do two things. You need to tell them that having nuclear weapons will not really help you in any way, either in power or prestige. But at the same, telling them, if you give up your nuclear weapons, we guarantee your security, that you will not be attacked, that you will not be taken for a ride.
ROSE: How do you do that? By some kind of security agreement?
ELBARADEI: Security assurance, security agreement. I mean, we have NATO, for example. Could you think of multilateral arrangements for countries that have given up their nuclear weapons? I mean, supposedly, the whole idea has been talked about for the last 20 years, that those who do not have nuclear weapons should have assurance that nobody will use nuclear weapon against them, for example. That didn´t come through until now in a binding agreement. But you have to show them that nuclear weapons will not add to their security. Giving up nuclear weapons will not diminish their security.
But in addition to just security assurance, reach out in term of integrate them - you know, the more you integrate countries, you know, the more - the less likely that you will go to war. If you look at...
ROSE: The more democracy you have, the less likely you are to go to war.
ELBARADEI: Of course. If you look at the European Union right now, there are 27 countries. I deal with them every day. They play dirty tricks against each other, but are they ever going to - it´s unthinkable that they are going to go to war, because they know they have too much at stake. The integration. The economic integration. The political integration. The democratic system that works. Can we eventually - again, maybe it sounds idealistic - but can we expand this European Union concept to cover the entire world? Have - you know, have more integration among all the countries - economically, politically, socially - so it would be extremely costly to even think of going to war, and have the mechanism that could resolve, early on, any dispute through table, like where we are sitting here.
ROSE: Have the Iranians - back to the Iranians. Have they done a disservice to their own ambition because they have had the level of disingenuousness they have had - or even lying about what they have done? And do you have an explanation as to why they would do that?
ELBARADEI: I think they - they created what I call a confidence deficit by...
ROSE: That´s a nice word.
ELBARADEI: ...by not coming clean from day one. They explained that.
ROSE: Go ahead.
ELBARADEI: They explained, Charlie, that they did that because they were under sanctions and they could not have gotten the stuff. However, since we started the inspections, this program came to the surface, they should have come absolutely, you know, clean from day one. I told them, you know, "you owe us a confession. The earlier you come with the full confession, difficult as it is, it´s the best way to do it." And as a result, of course, that added to the - to the sense of distrust, that - you know.
ROSE: Absolutely. On - on the West´s side.
ELBARADEI: On the West´s side. Of course.
ROSE: They say, look, they´re lying, they´re deceiving us.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. Correct.
ROSE: And they´ll go from sort of saying we´re interested in a solution to all of a sudden blocking inspectors from coming in.
ELBARADEI: Correct.
ROSE: Your own inspectors can´t come in. Lock the door. You can´t come.
ELBARADEI: I think this was, I should say, a mistake on the part of the Iranians. Their explanation that they probably were ready to do that as part of the package, of an agreement grand deal so this will be in a way grandfathered what they did in the past, that did not happen. That did not happen. And therefore, they ended up, again, with - owing us a confession, so we cannot say you are clean. And it is difficult for them to say, "we are now late in the day, but we still have things to tell you." However, last month they finally came with this agreement with us.
ROSE: This is the August.
ELBARADEI: The August agreement. And now saying that we are ready now to clarify all of these issues. I have a team today in Tehran. They are making progress. I hope they will come - you know, clean. But I can only...
ROSE: Lay out that, what it is they can come clean about. This is your famous.
ELBARADEI: Basically to say - we should be able to say that all what´s happening in Iran today is under IAEA inspection, and there is no parallel military program or no undeclared activities.
ROSE: Which you cannot say now.
ELBARADEI: I cannot say now today.
ROSE: You cannot say there is no parallel military program.
ELBARADEI: Yeah. We haven´t seen it. We haven´t seen any concrete evidence that there is a parallel military program, but I´m not in a position yet to say that I am comfortable enough to provide assurance that I - all the experiments, all the procurement is declared to me. So we are - while I´m not - while I´m not saying this is - that´s what I said, why I´m saying Iran is not today a danger - a clear and present danger, you know, but I´m also not saying that Iran - I can give you assurance that Iran is absolutely clean. We´re somewhere in between. And basically, I try to say the jury is still out.
ROSE: And can you find out, though? That´s the question.
ELBARADEI: Well, I can find out.
ROSE: Whether - can you somehow, if you have enough access, say, as you did about Iraq, we found no nuclear weapon.
ELBARADEI: I can find out as far as I can.
ROSE: In March of 2003, you reported to the U.N.?
ELBARADEI: Sure. I can find out as much as I can say through redundancy, the - the more transparent a country is, the more I can provide assurances, the more I can say I have no evidence. But "I have no evidence" has to be based on fact, has to be based on inspection, has to be based on total access to where I need to go.
ROSE: And you don´t have that as of now?
ELBARADEI: Not yet, no, absolutely, I don´t have it yet.
ROSE: But if they wanted your confidence, why wouldn´t they do that? Your confidence, not George Bush´s confidence, not.
ELBARADEI: They now said since August, Charlie, you know, that they are ready now to work with us, to clarify all the issues. But the test of the pudding is in the tasting. I have to give a report at the end of next month. I hope I should be able to give a positive report that they clarified the issues, but the test is, are they transparent enough? Are they - you know, are they cooperative enough? If they are, then, obviously, that will work in their favor, but that would resolve part of the problem, which is that Iran today is clean. We still have the other part, which is say do we trust Iran´s future intentions? That´s really the major problem the U.S. has and the West has. It´s not what Iran has...
ROSE: Today.
ELBARADEI: ...today; it´s what Iran could have in 10 years. And that´s what I said. This is a confidence.
ROSE: And they need enrichment of fuel in order to get to the bad place, or as well as the good place.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. And that´s why I said this is primarily a confidence-building issue, a security or insecurity issue. And will never be resolved until we get the major protagonists, the U.S. and Iran, around the table. And the earlier we do that, the earlier we get over this hump of how to get there, the better - and for everybody.
ROSE: What´s interesting about this - and I realize how you say, talking about the use of force does not help the matter. But it seems to me that it´s not just the United States. The French, Russians, others say it´s unacceptable. Unacceptable for Iran to have nuclear weapons. Am I wrong or right about this?
ELBARADEI: No. They are saying that.
ROSE: All these other countries, not just the United States.
ELBARADEI: I think it´s unacceptable for Iran to have nuclear weapons.
ROSE: You think so.
ELBARADEI: Yes, because they committed themselves not to have nuclear weapons, and so have another 185 countries. It´s unacceptable.
ROSE: Signatories.
ELBARADEI: Signatories to the Non-Proliferation Treaty. But it´s unacceptable because they committed themselves not to do it.
ROSE: You have been Head of the IAEA since 1997. You have worked there before that as Head of external communications and other things.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: Have you seen what progress they have made? Because I think you think we have passed certain lines, and I understand you to mean by that we have passed the line - they know how to do it. They just don´t have the enriched uranium, and they don´t have the missiles and they don´t have - but they know how to do it. They have acquired the knowledge.
ELBARADEI: Yes. I think so. I mean, people will have disagreement whether they perfected the knowledge, but they have the knowledge. They have been running centrifuges for 16 months right now. It is not rocket science. They have the knowledge.
But again, is there - does knowledge mean that you have a weapon? Absolutely not. There is a long time span before you convert the knowledge, as you rightly said, into a weapon. You know, you have to enrich uranium to 90%, which means that you have to have an industrial capacity to do that. You just have to - you know, turn it into a weapon, into a sphere, you have to rise - the weapon size so you can deliver it.
ROSE: Right, right.
ELBARADEI: You have to have a delivery system, because you cannot have it on a truck. So these are number of years you have to go through. Yes, you have the knowledge, but knowledge is out of the tube, Charlie. That we have known since A.Q. Khan, that the knowledge - we know there are now CD-Roms with how to enrich, for example.
ROSE: You can go on the Internet and find out more than you ever could before.
ELBARADEI: The knowledge is not what worries me. The capacity - building capacity is, you know, without proper verification and without really the necessary trust, that would worry me the most.
ROSE: When you talk to the Iranians - you can talk to them. You can have the dialogue. You´re there.
ELBARADEI: All the time.
ROSE: All the time. And when you´re not there, your people are there.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: Do you get an impression that they are genuinely interested in doing something, in solving something, in getting a better relationship with the West, and - and perhaps understanding that central to that is the nuclear issue? Do they understand it? Are they looking for solutions?
ELBARADEI: I think they are looking for a solution.
ROSE: You think?
ELBARADEI: I believe they are looking for a solution. I mean, I can´t go...
ROSE: There is no guarantee, right.
ELBARADEI: There is no guarantee, Charlie, but I believe they are looking for solution. The people who are in charge, like Larijani, like Rohani before him, like Khatami.
ROSE: Those two are gone because they were considered too moderate.
ELBARADEI: But they´re still there. They´re still part of the process. Khatami was there. Rafsanjani was there. All these people understand that they need to - they were interested in having a comprehensive solution. That´s what they say all the time. They know that the nuclear issue is a major part of the problem, if not - you know, but they also would like - as I said, at the end, to have a deal that recognize them as a regional power, that allow Iran to be full-fledged member of the international community, have access to technology, have access to trade. So yes, they are interested, but the terms and the conditions of the agreement is what´s still to be negotiated.
ROSE: Sometimes we´re repeating things, but it´s just important to say this because you´re here and I want to take advantage of you being here.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: All those things are possible.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: Recognizing their role in the region. Recognizing that they are a major power. Recognizing all of that. The people - the issues also there in terms of some conduct on the part of the United States that the United States is not going to attack. It was very important to them. It´s also important for the United States that they not be supporting Hezbollah, not be supporting Hamas, that they not be sending weapons into Iraq.
ELBARADEI: Sure.
ROSE: Are they aware? Do they recognize that that is a huge point of contention from the United States that gets in the way of a relationship?
ELBARADEI: I´m sure they are. I haven´t really discussed that with them in detail, because I don´t - it´s not my file. I don´t know the details. But all they told me that if the negotiation were to start with the U.S., they would like to discuss Iraq. They would like to discuss Lebanon. They would like to discuss the Palestinian issue. I mean, they said, we are ready to discuss all the issues. And we can play a positive role.
ROSE: Even though they´ve said they support Hezbollah and they support people who don´t think Israel has a right to exist. They support them, financially and otherwise.
ELBARADEI: But that has to be part of the negotiation, obviously. They said, we are ready to play a positive role on all these issues. How far? What are the details? How we reconcile the differences? Which red lines you establish? I mean, this is going to be a very complicated negotiation, but as I said, Iran very much need to integrate with the West. The West very much need Iran to be a positive player in the Middle East. And my personal belief, if we start the negotiation, it will move very fast into a positive direction.
ROSE: How is your relationship with the United States now? Yours. As you know, it is said - this may or may not be true - that you had some reservations about running for a third term. And when you realized that John Bolton, former Ambassador to the United Nations, was out to sort of block your - that that was an incentive for you to stand for a third term, and everybody else coalesced around you, and so the United States had to acquiesce?
ELBARADEI: That´s correct. To give you a short answer, Charlie.
ROSE: This is good.
ELBARADEI: I think that´s correct. I don´t like people to make decisions which has to do with my life or with my career.
ROSE: That was your decision, and your wife´s decision, making that.
ELBARADEI: I think that was primarily my wife´s decision. She said, go for it.
ROSE: She did, didn´t she?
ELBARADEI: She did. Absolutely. I mean, she was repulsed, frankly, and she said that´s not the right way to do it. And I didn´t feel that this is the way I should - decision has to do with my life, I´m a public servant. You know, it´s up to the rest of the - the international community. If they have confidence in me, and I know they did. And I went for it, and the U.S. joined in consensus. And we have - I have a good working relationship, you know. We - in many cases, we have different perceptions. I give advice.
ROSE: You and the United States? Or you and Condoleezza Rice? Or you and...
ELBARADEI: With different people in the administration. I give my views. I give my advice. I give my perception. I feel that I owe it to them, you know, as well as to every other Member State, to tell them how I see things from where I´m sitting. I have a responsibility that could make a difference between war and peace. I have a responsibility to make sure that we try every possible way to resolve issues through peaceful means. But I always tell them, at the end, it´s your decision. I am the adviser and not the decider. So I know where I am, you know, what is my role. But I am also very clear that I´m not just sitting there as a technical person fixing cameras. I have a role, you know, to give them.
ROSE: Well, it is said they both understand that you´re the only person who´s talking to both sides with any real...
ELBARADEI: I do. And...
ROSE: I mean, the EU is there but..
ELBARADEI: People - it´s important in what I do is to maintain this impartiality. That people need to know, Charlie, that you don´t have a hidden agenda other than the core values we talk about.
ROSE: Yeah.
ELBARADEI: That we should not end up killing each other, that we should be able to reach out to each other.
ROSE: And the responsibility to the dignity of human beings and all that.
ELBARADEI: Absolutely. And I do, but I get smeared all the time by - you know, as you can see, from all the - I get smeared by the Iraqis, by the Korean, by the Iranians, by the - some of the U.S. media. But that´s - it comes with the territory.
ROSE: Each side thinks you´re working for the other guy.
ELBARADEI: They don´t see that 50 percent of my work is behind the scenes, you know, and what I do behind the scenes is much more effective than what I say publicly. I say publicly - I make a statement publicly. I urge. I cajole. I pressure. But a lot of the important work is behind the scenes, when we are sitting face to face, and then I can tell them exactly what needs to be done.
ROSE: Someone said that you see your role - this was in a New York Times piece, I think, Lynn Schwinn and others, whoever wrote it, I´ve forgotten - that you see your role as a secular pope, making sure that people don´t kill each other.
ELBARADEI: I think that´s correct. I mean, I think - people misunderstand that. I mean, it is not self-aggrandizement. "Secular pope" means I have to remind people of the basic principles they subscribe to. You know, I have to remind the weapons states that they committed themselves to move to nuclear disarmament. I have to remind everybody that they committed to resolve issues through peaceful means. I have to remind people that there is an inspection process at work, so we don´t go and bomb, like the Israelis did in Syria, before at least going through the process. So this is.
ROSE: Wait, wait, wait. I don´t want to go too far past that, because I meant to bring that up. So what impact did that have? The Israelis say that they had material from North Korea, that they were beginning to build a nuclear reactor, I guess they thought. Were they?
ELBARADEI: I don´t know. I mean, I never - I never got a shred of information from anybody, Charlie.
ROSE: Did anybody ask you to find out for them?
ELBARADEI: No, no. And that´s why I said, I got very disturbed because that´s really undermining the system which we continued to build over the years, that if you have information that a country is building a clandestine program, you give that information to us, and we go and check it, you know. But - but you don´t go and take the law in your own hands before you use the system, because you are simply undermining the system. And I hope that was not nuclear related, because nobody came to us. Until today, I don´t have any piece of information. I have to check with the Syrians. The Syrians said this is just simply a military installation. But I need - if I get any information, I certainly will send our...
ROSE: Have the Israelis given you information?
ELBARADEI: No.
ROSE: Has the U.S. given you any information?
ELBARADEI: No. We didn´t get any.
ROSE: Did you ask for it?
ELBARADEI: Of course, we did.
ROSE: I thought so, but I had to ask.
ELBARADEI: No, we did. We did.
ROSE: And the U.S. and the Israelis are not giving you any information. The Syrians and...
ELBARADEI: We did not get any information. And I find that, you know, frankly, is not helpful, because if you have - if you have a system, you know, you can make use of that system, and the system probably could be much more efficient. Because then we go on the ground, then we see what´s going on. Then we bring the facts out.
ROSE: There is also this, though. The Israelis will say, look what happened when we - whenever it was - that we bombed Saddam. Saddam was trying to develop a nuclear capacity. If we hadn´t done that, he would probably have a nuclear weapon by now, because nobody else was doing anything about it. Do they have a point?
ELBARADEI: I don´t think they do. Again, they bombed Saddam Hussein´s research reactor at that time, again, on the fear that Saddam Hussein might walk out of the system, might develop nuclear weapons. But what happened is that Saddam Hussein immediately, year after, went underground and built a huge - a clandestine nuclear weapon program which we...
ROSE: Discovered after ´91.
ELBARADEI: ...discovered after ´91, because we didn´t even have the authority to look after it at that time. But in many cases, and that´s why I say, when I go back to Iran, I said nuclear use of force is no solution, because in many - in Iran today, for example, all the facilities are just nascent facilities. They are not fully-fledged working facilities. So the knowledge is there. You cannot bomb the knowledge. And if you go and bomb them, all what you are going to do is simply mobilize everybody to support the regime.
ROSE: Including reformers.
ELBARADEI: Including reformers. People, again, I remind people, there is a difference between disliking a regime and loving my country. And you jolt a country´s pride, and then even the reformer will hide - will align behind a regime they might not like, but simply because they don´t like their country to be humiliated. And even if Iran were not working on a weapons program today, I can assure you if you use force, you know, that they will go into a crash course to develop a nuclear weapon. So that´s why I said we should not talk about use of force where there is no reason to talk about it now. Nobody say it is completely off the table. Everybody knows, you know, even under the United Nations Charter, in certain situations, you can use force. But we have to make a proportionate description of the danger we are facing from Iran today. It´s a danger of future intention. Let us focus on the present. Let us try to build confidence. That to me is the way for a durable solution, Charlie.
ROSE: Last, finally, congratulations on the Nobel Prize.
ELBARADEI: Thank you very much.
ROSE: Really.
ELBARADEI: Thank you very much. I mean, again, it´s - it´s for me, but it´s more important for the institution I represent. And you know - and again, it´s - it´s hard work, and for the 2,500 people working for me, sharing this prize with them was a great thing. Because it is thankless job we are doing, Charlie, and - but it´s - as we said at the beginning of the program, somebody has to do it.
ROSE: Thank you for coming.
ELBARADEI: Thank you very much, Charlie.
ROSE: Mohamed ElBaradei. He is the Head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and I am pleased to have him here for the hour.
Thank you for watching. We´ll see you next time.


text:
Story: Aug 27, 2014
New residence hall welcomes first-year students in comfort, ...
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Story: Aug 18, 2014
CIA again named to "Best in the Midwest" list
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Biomedical grad wins award for animation on stuttering
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Filmmaker and author John Waters to present one-man show
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Academics . Animation . Courses
Intro to Digital Biomedical Illustration
Course No. BMA 254 Credits: 3.0
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This course serves as a continuation of the first iteration of Biomedical Art Methods I. In this section, the student will continue to focus on natural science and anatomically based concepts and subject matter, dealing specifically with human biology/anatomy and body systems. Utilizing knowledge from Human Biology II and anatomical references, the student will continue to develop keen observational skills and apply those concepts through digital methods. Students outside the major will learn techniques in digital illustration and concepts in visual communication to for editorial and narrative based projects. The core media will be centered in Digital Illustration methods and concepts in monochromatic tone. The integration of digital media will be used in unique ways to explore the boundaries of medium and convention in modern production. Digital illustration skills in Adobe Photoshop, and Illustrator will be learned and augmented through traditional scanned work. The rendering concepts learned will provide a solid foundation for subsequent semesters and be integrated further into the broader scope of the biomedical art major. Offered spring.
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text:
The Chicago bike sharing program, Divvy, announced they will reopen on Saturday, Jan. 4 after being closed for two days due to weather.
Divvy shut down its bike rental system at noon Thursday due to the heavy snow throughout the city.
Members of the Divvy program received emails saying the move was for the safety of the drivers and Divvy staff.
Divvy said they will reopen unless the weather worsens significantly.
Yet, winter or not, people have been using Divvy. The company said almost 45,000 bikes were rented in December.
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Shop Used Cars from Jim Browne North Tampa Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram Serving Brandon, Carrollwood, Temple Terrace FL and Lutz
Used cars aren't just a savvy choice because they cost less. It's re-using on a mass scale. This makes choosing used a choice you can feel good about all the way around. Explore your options below. And remember, if there's a particular make and model of a used car you're looking for that you don't see here, Jim Browne North Tampa Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram is happy to do everything we can to get it for you.


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Thousands of people turned out for music and other fundraising events to benefit the families of 19 Prescott firefighters killed by the Yarnell Hill Fire on June 30 and Yarnell residents affected by the fire.
The event dubbed "Prescott Strong" was held on Whiskey Row in downtown Prescott on Sunday.
Arizona native Jordin Sparks kicked off the event with the national anthem, and she sang "Amazing Grace" in honor of the fallen firefighters.
Actor Jon Voight spoke to the audience, saying he was encouraged to participate by a friend who lives in the Prescott area.
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text:
Either the filmmakers behind the upcoming "Yogi Bear" have a wickedly morose sense of humor or someone is showing off his considerable animation skills, but a viral clip of sorts has hit the web of a (probably fake) alternate ending to the forthcoming animated picture.
We'll let you experience the clever little bit after the jump, but all you need to know is that is riffs on Andrew Dominik's atmospheric and moody western, "The Assassination Of Jesse James By The Coward Robert Ford."
The probably terrible "Yogi Bear" with Dan Aykroyd, Justin Timberlake, Tom Cavanagh and TJ Miller opens this Friday. This ending will unfortunately not be included.
Brian Sousa | December 19, 2010 2:36 AM
i recently interviewed the creator of the video Edmund Earle. cool guy. http://www.figurethingsout.com/2010/12/17/an-interview-with-the-creator-of-yogi-bear-parody-booboo-kills-yogi-edmund-earle/
No. | December 14, 2010 12:13 AM
Some of the stupidest shit I've ever seen.
mike | December 13, 2010 9:26 AM
this was absolutely amazing, but it does state pretty clearly at the end that it is fake.
KT | December 13, 2010 9:00 AM
An alernate take on the ending of my favorite movie...
... nice.
chemicalbrotha | December 13, 2010 8:53 AM
This made my day.
ska-triumph | December 13, 2010 8:50 AM
This makes up for the madness that I endured during each and every time the freakin' trailer played on every media platform - especially with the 3D. Yes, sickly awesome.


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---- — ROCHESTER — Some untimely scoring runs by Buffalo State and a blocking scheme that proved tough to navigate for the Cardinals resulted in a 3-1 defeat for Plattsburgh State at the hands of the Bengals on Friday night at Kidera Gymnasium on the campus of Nazareth College.
Competing in the second match of the Purple & Gold Invitational, Plattsburgh State falls to 11-6 while the Bengals improve to 13-6 during the 2013 campaign.
Plattsburgh State had to dodge some early pressure from the Bengals who built a 6-2 lead in the early stages of the first set. After Buffalo State did their damage, the Cardinals countered with some of their own to take control of the frame.
Kristen Marchisotto set up Rosi Cummings, Maggie Schrantz and Jeanette Braun who put down three straight kills to begin an 8-1 Plattsburgh State surge. The Bengals were their own worst enemy during the spurt, as their attack errors accounted for the remaining five markers.
The Bengals took the lead just one more time in the set, and with the scoreboard displaying 17-16 in favor of the Cardinals, a 7-3 run by Plattsburgh State effectively shut down Buffalo State. Schrantz smashed down the final kill of the frame to make it 1-0 Cardinals.
Instead of keeping their momentum rolling, the Cardinals quickly relinquished it to the Bengals who began the second set on a 10-4 spurt. Plattsburgh State never led in the set, but knotted matters at 11 with a 6-0 run that was capped off by a service ace from Cummings.
Laura Diehl was able to tie things at 15 with one of her eight terminations, but the Bengals responded with a 6-2 stretch which proved to be too much for the Cardinals to overcome.
With their offense motoring along at a good clip, the Bengals employed a 9-2 run during the onset of the third frame to deflate the Cardinals even further. A Buffalo State attack error allowed the Cardinals to close to within five points (12-7), but a 5-0 surge by the Bengals put things out of reach.
Much like what occurred in the third frame, Buffalo State embarked on a 12-3 run to open the deciding set. A pair of Meghan Clifford service aces highlighted a 5-0 Plattsburgh State surge that cut the Bengals' lead to 14-10, but Buffalo State managed to regroup and build their lead back up to seven points (19-12).
Late in the frame, Diehl took it upon herself to try and force a decisive fifth set. The sophomore floored a kill before coming up with a pair of solo blocks that drew the Cardinals within three points, 22-19.
Despite the late Plattsburgh State push, a pair of Buffalo State kills and an attack error by the Cardinals closed out the match for the Bengals.
Cummings led the Plattsburgh State offensive effort with a match-high 15 kills. The Plattsburgh product – along with senior Amanda Wickers - also ran down a match-high 25 digs. Schrantz added 11 kills for the Cardinals, but Buffalo State held an 11-5 advantage in blocking to help them win the match.
Clifford passed out 23 digs while Marchisotto added 15. Plattsburgh State hit just .076 during the bout while the Bengals managed an attack percentage of .153.
Jessica Crooks led the Bengals with 14 kills as well as a pair of solo blocks and three block assists while teammate Samantha Perente added 13 terminations of her own. Both teams registered 84 digs.
The turnaround time will once again be somewhat short for the Cardinals who will be back at it at 11 a.m. on Saturday. Plattsburgh State will take the court at that time for a clash against host institution Nazareth before a 1 p.m. draw against Ithaca.


text:
Routes Sorted
L to R R to L Alpha
Start 7 ft. right of Carry's Corner climbing up the thin face to the roof. Step out and right around the dihedral then climb up and left above the roof to an stance on the arete. Climb the rest of the Ragged Edge Arete, moving to the right face to topout.
To the right of Carry's Corner and left of the Ragged Edge.
Top rope with some long anchor runners.


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The Erie County Sheriff says the person found dead in a burning car likely committed suicide.
Erie County Sheriff Paul Sigsworth says a passerby called 9-1-1 around 6 this morning to report smoke coming from the woods of the Milan Wildlife area just off of Lover's Lane Road in Oxford Township.
When emergency crews arrived they found a car engulfed in flames and a body in the backseat of the vehicle.
The body was burned beyond recognition. Deputies were able to find a license plate and tentatively identified the driver as a 33-year-old Norwalk woman. Sigsworth tells 13abc that a detailed suicide note was found in the woman's home.
The Lucas County Coroner's office is scheduled to conduct an autopsy Monday.