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Sherbrooke KGB Russian Imperial Stout - Alley Kat Brewing Company
Displayed for educational use only; do not reuse.
Ratings: 23 | Reviews: 16 | Display Reviews Only:
Reviews by Shadman:
Alberta (Canada)
4/5 rDev +3.9%
LIke the name of this brew. Reminds me of that 80's movie 'Spies Like Us'.
Nothing wrong with the looks of the brew. Deep mahagany in colour. Nice tan head, lot's of lace webs on the glass.
I found it had a real black forest cake chocoalte charater to it with all that entails. Rich Dark chocolate, some slight fruitiness, and the booziness that comes from the Kirch.
All the above are present in the flavor as well, along with a hint of coffee. Quite nice.
Some have noted the body isn't quite up to snuff and I guess it could be a bit thicker/fuller, but overall I felt it wasn't that big a distraction from the overall experience.
A very nice Alberta take on the style. Would like to cellar one for a year and see what develops.
12-06-2011 06:12:00 | More by Shadman
More User Reviews:
British Columbia (Canada)
4/5 rDev +3.9%
03-31-2012 19:32:04 | More by chickenm
Alberta (Canada)
4.38/5 rDev +13.8%
650ml bottle. "We have ways of making you drink, comrade." Truer words, likely, were never spoken (or written on a beer label) around these parts. Recollections of childhood communist red threats are re-awakened, if only for a moment, by the sombre styling of this bomber, the first, finally, for an Alley Kat offering, seasonal, anniversary, or otherwise (the braggot doesn't count, especially here). On the sparse label, faux Cyrillic, and a Clone Wars' CGI Kremlin guard play on these forgotten and now commercialized emotions.
This beer pours a dense cola-highlighted blackness, with two fingers of wanly puffy, loosely foamy, and generally bubbly beige head, which leaves a few specks of ocean wave splash lace around the glass as it evenly subsides.
It smells of lightly roasted, dry chocolate malt, caramel nougat, further milky cocoa nibs, a touch more of campfire smoke, watery black licorice, faint black fruit esters, and a wee twinge of metallic alcohol. The taste is softly boozy dry chocolate malt, somewhat acrid smoke, molasses, Scandinavian-esque black licorice, some pithy chalkiness, and surprisingly bitter earthy hops.
The carbonation is on the down low, mostly, the bubbles there, but not really, really caring, y'know? The body is slick, smooth, and a solid medium-heavy weight, with an attendant smoothness that borders on a restrained creaminess. It finishes mostly trending on dry, but with some mildly boozy chocolate notes happy to play us out via the encore.
I was expecting to have some Peche Mortel tallking points, but, in fact, there really are none, other than the common style and ABV. The absence of coffee had me at hello, and the exquisitely integrated big alcohol and smooth dry offset to the chocolate and caramel malt body made it intensely difficult to drink this all that slowly. In fact, my first bottle, a few days ago, went down so fast, I was unable, or unwilling, to create a proper evaluation - other than, holy tap-dancing jebus, this is good stuff!
11-14-2009 09:04:27 | More by biboergosum
Ontario (Canada)
4/5 rDev +3.9%
04-04-2013 13:04:32 | More by phirleh
Alberta (Canada)
4.3/5 rDev +11.7%
from notes...
A - jet black with not much head to speak of, but what was there left some random lacing
S - sweet chocolate and cold pressed espresso, sugar, and a little boozy
T - similar to nose but more robust chocolate presence, burnt sugars and light licorice compliments the roasty coffee flavours well
M - the stout thickness is counteracted by the high ABV to give it somewhat of a porter like feel, dangerously smooth given the high octane
O - easy to see why this was an alley kat home brew contest winner, glad there was still a bottle left, hoping they make this a seasonal
07-31-2011 04:59:45 | More by joemcgrath27
Alberta (Canada)
3.78/5 rDev -1.8%
Black and opaque in the glass. Thin layer of tan head and a ring of lacing when that fades.
Slightly sweetened dark chocolate and a certain burnt aroma. Boozy to the nose, but no more than expected for such a strong beer. Smell seems to be a little subdued considering the beer's strength.
A touch of milk chocolate right up front, then some bitter darker chocolate. The middle is carried by roasted malt and is finished with some licorice like booziness to the finish. Heat lingers in the back of the throat for the first few sips, then seems to settle down.
Really soft mouthfeel. Carbonation really subtle, leaving just a smooth, slick body. I like it, though some might feel it comes across a little flat.
The smooth mouthfeel and a taste that is far from over the top make this a very drinkable imperial stout. However, it isn't nearly as complex as it could be. Not bad, but I wouldn't be telling anyone that they "must" try this if they like the style.
12-07-2009 02:18:12 | More by elricorico
Ontario (Canada)
3.58/5 rDev -7%
Bottle courtesy of Weebay. Poured in to CBS snifter.
A - Very dark brown with a small amount of light brown head that almost instantly disappeared.
S - Big hit of smoke up front. Roasted malts and licorice aromas round out the nose.
T - Big smoke and licorice flaovurs up front that are accompanied by a hop bitterness and warming alcohol. Some roasted malt sweetness is present in the background but the smoke and licorice really dominate and become distracting after a while.
M - Medium body with a nice chew. Light carbonation.
01-25-2012 01:33:17 | More by TheSevenDuffs
Alberta (Canada)
4.13/5 rDev +7.3%
For the second year in a row Alley Kat and Sherbrooke Liquor have collaborated in brewing a limited edition batch chosen from the portfolio of the winner of the annual Aurora Brewing Challenge. 2009's winner was Bruce Sample, and he chose this Russian Imperial Stout to step up to the plate for him, renamed KGB for this commercial incarnation after the old brewing group he had with Kevin Zaychuck and Glen Hannah (Bruce himself being the B in KGB, if you catch my drift).
It comes in a 650 ml brown bottle with a red label, on which a cartoony komrade stares eerily off the side of the label. Pours out an intense opaque pitch black hue, impervious to light. Starts out with a dark dense sandy head that settles out to a short tight creamy light beige that retains with no sign of disappearing.
Sweet, almost creamy treacle-like aroma at first, dark roasted grains appear shortly afterwards, licorice and light mocha notes round it out.
Molasses and treacle in the flavour up front, woody, roasted, lightly smoked malt surfaces near the middle, lightly smokey and roasted on the finish with a mild sticky sweetness lingering in the aftertaste juxtaposed with astringent roasted malt.
Mouthfeel is medium-bodied, low carbonation and bit slick which is true to style, actually a bit fuller-bodied than a lot of RIS's which is a perk. Sticky on the finish and aftertaste, and it certainly coats the palate, though not dense.
So now Alberta can finally claim an RIS of our own, and a decent example of the style no less, Alley Kat shows off their versatility once again, especially by brewing a large batch of someone else's recipe and pulling it off with impressive results. This one is definitely worth revisiting.
11-12-2009 08:22:35 | More by IronDjinn
Ontario (Canada)
3.58/5 rDev -7%
650ml bomber thanks to the generous bobsy - thanks pal! Pours a dark brown brew with a finger of thick mocha head which has some staying power and lays down a few spots of lace.
This is certainly not an offensive brew but I struggle to call it well made. Coffee and baker's chocolate, light roasted malt, a weird sort of medicinal cherry flavor, molasses and caramel sweetness, thin body with a slightly herbal dryness in the finish. Drinks pleasantly enough, hides the ABV but the flavors never really gel and the odd notes seem to stick out and mar what could be a truly pleasurable experience.
12-13-2010 18:24:07 | More by ritzkiss
Alberta (Canada)
4/5 rDev +3.9%
12-05-2011 03:12:58 | More by benbou17
Alberta (Canada)
3.75/5 rDev -2.6%
07-07-2013 03:10:32 | More by BigBry
Ontario (Canada)
3.23/5 rDev -16.1%
Viggo brought this one over. thanks eric!
22oz bottle. sampled nov 14/2010.
pours deep dark brown, neither black nor opaque, with a small cap of very fine light brown head. the head quickly drops to a ring around the glass and leaves a bit of spotty lace.
aroma is nice. caramel. dark chocolate. espresso. bit of milk chocolate and coffee. whole wheat bread and biscuit. bit of cracker. big fruity character, more dark stuff like raisin and date. light alcohol. woody and a bit earthy.
taste is ok. big roasty punch with a lot of fruity character and an alcoholic burn on the way down. espresso and bittersweet chocolate. biting bitterness, around or above medium-high level. grapefruit and orange peel. burnt whole wheat bread. cracker and biscuit to lesser degrees. burnt caramel.
mouthfeel is ok. astringent bite from the roast. resiny hop mouthfeel. big body. about medium carbonation level.
drinkability is nice. the alcohol is a bit warm, but not overly so. it fights hard to keep the bitter/roast character in check but doesn't really make it. the fruity character is far too prominent for the style and muddles things up a lot. a shame, because without that and if the bitterness were toned down just a bit i think this could be a fantastic stout.
02-04-2011 17:50:30 | More by grub
3.63/5 rDev -5.7%
Thanks to Alex aka MasterSki for bringing this to our Canadian tasting.
A - Appearance got bumped up a half point just due to the kickass bottle, one of my favorite ever. Pours a stout black, not a ton of head on there, about 1 finger of mocha.
S - Chocolate, some mildly roasted malts, a lighter smelling stout than what I was expecting from a double.
T - Not bad, a bit of molasses and toffee, with some bittering coffe, but not tons. There is a decent roasty quality in this, but this is more sweet than roasted. It's solid.
M - Little bit thinner than I wanted, good carbonation.
D - Solidly drinkable for 10%, not a bad beer, but other than the bottle, won't seek it out again.
11-01-2010 01:29:07 | More by AgentZero
Ontario (Canada)
3.33/5 rDev -13.5%
22 oz bottle, big thanks to my boy Sid for the hookup.
Pours a deep and opaque dark brownish black, no light gets through, pretty thick light tan head forms and slowly settles down to a thick layer around the glass, lots of chunky lace sticks to the glass, looks pretty good.
Smell is okay, a bit weird and muddled, a touch medicinal, some brown sugar sweetness and dark fruit, light roast, kind of raw and molasses like, some solventy alcohol, a bit of raisin, not a whole lot of character besides sweet and fruity.
Taste is interesting, again sweet and fruity, some caramel, a bit of biscuit, very light chocolate, a bit of booze, molasses, lightly herbal bitterness, a touch of roast in the finish, kind of harsh going down.
Mouthfeel is medium bodied, pretty smooth, low carbonation, alcohol is relatively well hidden. Still just seems a bit harsh and not very RISlike. Not very much roast or chocolate character. Thanks Sid!
11-14-2010 20:12:46 | More by Viggo
Ontario (Canada)
4.1/5 rDev +6.5%
Cheers to joemcgrath27 for the hook up on this gem.
A - Pours pitch black, thin layer of head with decent retention and some sporadic lacing.
S - Sweet cocoa, with espresso undertones and milk chocolate. Some leafy hops are detectable and some ABV sweetness is also noticeable.
T - Toasted espresso and cocoa malts, a bit of nuttiness, complemented by some leafy green hops and a touch of sweet cherries.
M - No complaints in this department, nicely carbonated, goes down smooth and finishes with a touch of dryness.
O - I'm really glad I was able to try this offering before it ran out. The ABV goes relatively undetected, it offers some tasty flavours and is a solid offering for the style. If you can find a bottle, pick it up while it lasts because it's worthy!
04-09-2011 01:11:27 | More by andrenaline
Alberta (Canada)
4.25/5 rDev +10.4%
07-20-2014 07:28:27 | More by Howlader
Alberta (Canada)
4.35/5 rDev +13%
650ml bomber poured into tulip aug5 2010
A pretty much jet black with a long lasting mocha head that just sits there for a while leaving plenty of lace as it slowly falls to a thin film, pretty good looking beer going on here
S chocolate a little coffee with some licorice and booze
T what I smell but the chocolate is much darker and I get some molasses and the flavors are just a little stronger then what I could smell, well concealed booze and perhaps just a tiny hint of smoke
M not as thick as I would guess but by no means thin, not to much carbonation but far from flat, and somehow slippery and sticky at the same time
D this is a solid RIS and I will drink this again soon and set aside a couple of bottles to age. for 10% it's pretty smooth and perhaps dangerous, I would drink a few of these in a sitting and deal with the consequences as they come
pretty pleased by this brew from my own backyard, this is the only RIS I can even think of from Alberta and it's one to be proud of. never one to judge a book by its cover (or beer by its label) I will admit I thought the sketchy dude biting his lip with the foggy Red Square in the background is a sweet label. pick this one up if you can find it, thanks to Alex at Kawa coffee bar for hooking me up
08-06-2010 06:11:30 | More by wordemupg
Alberta (Canada)
5/5 rDev +29.9%
12-14-2011 15:33:06 | More by Torontoblue
New York
3/5 rDev -22.1%
01-16-2012 03:42:47 | More by whartontallboy
Alberta (Canada)
4.4/5 rDev +14.3%
Poured from a tall 650ml brown bottle with a cool Soviet inspired label. A rigorous pour produced a good frothy tan head on a pitch black brew.
The smell is of sweet molasses and roast coffee, sure smells like an imperial stout.
Awesome taste of dark sweet molasses and roast coffee with a perfect bitter finish. Thick mouthfeel, slick and syrupy.
This is an excellent example of an imperial stout. Alley Kat impresses again.
06-17-2010 02:51:13 | More by alpineclimber
Ontario (Canada)
3.38/5 rDev -12.2%
Thanks to wordemupg for this extra. Served in a Duvel tulip.
A - Quick-dissolving light tan foam that settles to a thin ring, leaving a bit of film on top and no lace. Dark brown body that has some ruby transparency when held to the light. Awfully light for a 10% stout.
S - Big notes of waxy foil-wrapped chocolates, cherries, caramelized sugars, and a touch of anise. Not very roasty, and seems to bear more relation to a dark barleywine than a stout. Still the aroma is pleasant and enjoyable.
T - Yikes! Strange harsh anise bitterness mingles with roasty chocolate malts and a burnt char finish. This is as burnt and bitter as the aroma is sweet. Very odd disconnect between taste and smell.
M - A bit thin for 10%, but otherwise smooth and appropriately low carbonation. Finishes lightly sticky, with little trace of the alcohol.
D - This is odd, and not at all what I was expecting. The burnt espresso finish is off-putting and makes it tough to slug down, particularly with more enjoyable brews on the horizon.
10-31-2010 22:20:03 | More by MasterSki
3.13/5 rDev -18.7%
650ml bottle provided by Alex for Canadian tasting...The best thing about this beer are its cool name and awesome label, the rest is downhill from there. Admire it from a distance or just leave on your shelf...A dark brown beer, very light for a stout, with hardly an carbonation...The aroma is super sweet dominated by fruits, chocolate covered cherries, dark fruits and molasses. The sweetness is good but one noted and boring after a bit...The taste is a complete 180, all the sweetness is gone. I was hoping it was a little less sweet but to lose it all is deceiving. What you do get is harsh metallic bitter coffee with alcohol on the back.
Just not very good, avoid.
10-31-2010 18:35:29 | More by jrallen34
Ontario (Canada)
3.35/5 rDev -13%
Bomber from chianski (I believe) - thanks fella!
Great appearance witha very dark brown body and a mocha head that leaves nice lace on the glass. Chocolate and coffee dominate the nose, but light hints of fruit in the background lend complexity. Decent flavour is pleasing, but seems a little underpowered for an imperial. The coffee and chocolate come back, and the fruit has a certain jamminess, but the intenstity could be turned up and I feel that the odd herbal note proves more of a distraction than an addition. Body is a bit on the light side for the style, but this certainly makes it easy to drink, and combined with the excellently well-hidden ABV that could be dangerous!
A few changes to this beer could make it an outstanding imperial stout. I think its a decent stab at the style, but could do with a little more intensity and a fuller body to take it up a level.
12-15-2010 12:32:20 | More by bobsy
Sherbrooke KGB Russian Imperial Stout from Alley Kat Brewing Company
86 out of 100 based on 23 ratings.


text:
BLOOMINGTON, Ill. -- When Barb Haab and Sandy Vail look at this picture, they see something beautiful. It's not just a flower. Look closer and you'll see the petals are images of a mammogram.
"Rather than thinking of mammograms as something negative and something that's going to hurt, this is really something -- it's a gift that I can give myself," said Vail.
These breast cancer survivors are part of the Pink Partners, a group of volunteers for the Community Cancer Center in Bloomington-Normal. They use imagery like the campaign "A Mammogram is a Beautiful Thing" to encourage area women to get screened.
"I think if we can get the message out of survivors that we know personally you can survive this disease, early detection is your best weapon," said Haab.
The cancer center's medical director says many women in McLean County are not taking the message to heart.
"It's really a matter of continuing to educate...women and their families," explained Dr. Woodhouse.
Mammography rates are slowly improving since the Pink Partners started sharing their breast health message. Still, screening among African American and Hispanic women over age 40 is very low around the Twin Cities.
"Among Caucasians, you have highest rate of use of mammograms," said Dr. Woodhouse.
In 2011, the screening rate among Caucasian women was 54%, 25% among African Americans and less than 10% among Hispanic women over age 40. That's unacceptable.
Pink Partners Haab and Vail want area residents to know resources are available to help uninsured and under-insured women afford screenings. So, no excuses: get screened, know what's normal for you, do your breast self-exam and make healthy choices. It's advice these survivors say truly can save lives.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Today we will be watching a few spotty showers and thundershowers. Not everyone will see these, but there could be some brief heavy downpours with these along with some lightning. Some small hail is not likely, but cannot be ruled out. These are very slow moving, to the east at around 5-10mph. Highs today will top out in the lower to middle 90s.
These spotty showers/thundershowers will weaken and dissipate as we head past sunset. For those of you heading out to view some of the fireworks this evening, temperatures will be in the upper 70s and lower 80s just after sunset.
Stayed tuned to the very latest on KLTV, on our website and on our mobile weather apps.
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Philadelphia Eagles
Everette Brown - #57 - DE
|6' 1"/ 256 lbs.
|Stantonsburg, NC
|Florida State
|Years played
|2009, 2nd round, 11th pick by Panthers
NFC East Spin cycle: Redskins claim first division title since 1999
The Redskins are in the playoffs and everyone else is home for the rest of the holidays. Surprised? So are we.
Reid's time in Philadelphia comes to an end
The Eagles announced the end of Andy Reid's 14-year tenure of head coach on Monday morning.
Giants rout Eagles in Reid's expected finale
Eli Manning threw five TD passes in the Giants' 42-7 win over Philadelphia on Sunday in what might have been Andy Reid's final game as the Eagles' coach.
Eagles' Kendricks shows strength on weak side
The Eagles moved Mychal Kendricks to the weak side once the wide-9 was scrapped, and he has played better.
Wednesday's 60-second rant: Vick can resurrect career once more
Michael Vick's Eagles career could end after Sunday's start. But bank on it: His career will begin somewhere else as a starter in 2013.
Eagles sign DT Dixon, place QB Foles on I.R.
The Eagles signed DT Antonio Dixon to a two-year contract and placed QB Nick Foles on injured reserve.
Eagles QB Foles has broken hand, won't play
Eagles QB Nick Foles broke his hand in Sunday's loss to the Redskins and will not play in the team's season finale against the Giants.
NFC East Spin cycle: Setting up a D.C. showdown
The Giants can't win the NFC East. But the Redskins and Cowboys both have a shot to claim the division, and they both could make the postseason.
Redskins beat Eagles, extend win streak to six
Robert Griffin III threw two touchdown passes and the Redskins held on to beat the Eagles 27-20 Sunday for their sixth straight win.
Asomugha's options: Redo deal or be cut
CB Nnamdi Asomugha could return next season, but not at the massive salary he's scheduled to make.
The greatest sack season ever
Two players are chasing Michael Strahan's sack record this season. However, neither is having a better year than Reggie White did in 1987.
Eagles sign TE Moore
The Eagles signed TE Evan Moore to the active roster, the team announced Thursday.
Key matchup: Eagles QB Nick Foles vs. Redskins pass defense
In Thursday's key matchup, we take a look at the Redskins' key battle with the Eagles in Philadelphia.
Eagles place TE Harbor on I.R.
The Eagles placed TE Clay Harbor on injured reserve, the team announced Tuesday.
Pa. prosecutor: Steroids found in Garrett Reid's room
An investigation into the fatal heroin overdose of Garrett Reid, the oldest son of Andy Reid, revealed there were steroids in his room the day he died.
The Eagles have signed Brown and cornerback Trevard Lindley to two-year contracts.||||||| Brown played in 31 career games with Carolina and San Diego Chargers from 2009-11. He had six sacks, three forced fumbles and one interception. Brown was released by Detroit before the 2012 season and sat out the year.
Brown has been placed on injured reserve.||||||| Brown suffered a wrist injury in Sunday's loss to NFC South rival Atlanta.


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Colorado Springs, CO, is a top 10 city for hiking trails.
Colorado Springs, CO, is a top 10 pet-friendly city.
There are plenty of good reasons why 25 bed-and-breakfasts and several hotels exist in Manitou Springs.
The historic town' just west of Colorado Springs' is a popular getaway destination for tourists' whether it's for a day or a relaxing weekend.
Originally a resort town, Colorado Springs drew wealthy easterners seeking rejuvenation from the natural springs. In recent years, the town earned the title "Silicon Mountain" because of the large number of high-tech companies and military installations located here. These characteristics earned Colorado Springs the number two spot on our Top 10 Cities for Veterans list. Today, Colorado Springs is home to innovative businesses and industries, quality health care and outdoor activities.
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The forum will address research in women's health, with special emphasis given to the specific vulnerability of women to alcohol and drug-related problems.
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MAD Dragon Records won the first-ever College Record Award for its artists Hoots & Hellmouth.
Church and community groups will load their trucks, cars and vans Dec. 20, choosing from 1,250 frozen birds.
The toys will be distributed to West and North Philadelphia children in the culmination of Philadelphia's largest toy drive.
In a recent paper Professor Stephanie Ross explored the origins of holiday scents and their therapeutic uses that date back to ancient civilizations.
High-potential, economically disadvantaged students from Greater Philadelphia eligible.
Team will Advance to National Championships
Students to present green marketing campaign proposal to executives with an all-expense paid trip to Detroit, Mich.
Students, faculty and staff are giving up their lunch hour this week to wrap gifts in Philadelphia's largest toy drive.
Bielec, one of three finalists, was recognized for his technology vision, leadership and accomplishments as CIO at Drexel.
A luncheon that will benefit Drexel's LeBow College of Business will be held Dec. 6.
Follow Drexel:
Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215-895-2000, © 2012, All Rights Reserved


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My reviews and ratings of Syrah wines are updated weekly. Syrah is a red wine that offers great taste at a good price: I list all of the best Syrah wines that I recommend, along with my tasting notes, scores, food pairings and recipe matches.
These are just a few of my Syrah reviews, but you get the full list of top Syrah wines when you sign-up for my web site (it's free). Start drinking the best Syrah tonight!
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Since its launch with much official Russian-style hyperbole in 2008, the KHL has been the butt of plenty of jokes and the victim of many PR hits. They made for good fodder, particularly from an NHL-biased North American public -- though many of the hits to the KHL's reputation weren't funny at all, but terribly tragic.
Injured players taken off on canvas "stretchers," the 2008 death of 19-year-old New York Rangers prospect Alexei Cherepanov followed by reports of medical negligence, and last year's Yaroslavl Lokomotiv air crash that killed 44 are all black eyes on a league that is just four years old.
Reports of gun-toting owners and missed paychecks dot the background of a league whose reputation for shaky air travel existed well before the Yaroslavl disaster.
But now, thanks to the NHL lockout, the KHL is suddenly a destination for NHL players. The NHL's highest paid player by average annual salary, Alex Ovechkin, is spending the lockout there and threatening to stay. One of the NHL's best players since the lockout, Pavel Datsyuk, is following him to Moscow with a rival club.
The KHL did not exist during the last NHL lockout, when the league wiped out the entire 2004-05 season, but now it's poised to capitalize on the NHL's stubborn approach to collective bargaining. Its players, alienated by the NHL's lockout which unnecessarily began even before training camps were scheduled to open, are poised to help KHL become the legitimate NHL rival its founders have long dreamed to be.
It's not just Russian players headed home who will use the NHL void to add to the KHL's legitimacy. Thanks to recent expansion -- another plank in the KHL's quest for respect -- the league now features teams in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Ukraine. That's how Czech Jiri Hudler (Prague) and Slovakian Lubomir Visnovsky (Bratislava) are now KHL-bound.
And of course, while North American paychecks go unfulfilled during the NHL lockout, the KHL offers money. Lots of (reportedly tax-free) money. Backed by several oil oligarchs and the singular Russian premier Vladimir Putin (whose exhibition shootout goal frankly looks like an outtake from "The Dictator"), the KHL is drawing a bushel of Russian players home among the many NHLers flocking to Europe during the lockout.
At the other end of the spectrum are the last-chance ex-NHLers, fighters mostly, who bizarrely find a home in this league, usually with Vityaz Chekhov. That's where fringe (at best) NHLers Trevor Gillies and Jeremy Yablonski have currently found a home, and it's where Chris Simon first landed and compiled 484 PIMs in 113 games over three seasons.
So even though fighting is officially frowned upon in the KHL -- so is missing payroll -- it's there. As with the legendary charter flights, it's not a league to run to for assured safety. But it's a league that pays good money and plays meaningful games.
Right now, that's more than the NHL can say.


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TV tonight: âLaw & Order: Los Angelesâ has potential; âModern Familyâ explores PDAs; A.J. Cook leaves âCriminal Mindsâ
Story | Sep 29, 2010 | 4:34 PM
Sentinel readers were treated to a four-page advertisement this morning heralding the arrival of "Law & Order: Los Angeles" at 10 tonight on NBC. "Los Angeles Post," the fake headline read. Behind the fake, there's good news.Â


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Sample Advocacy Letter (Overview)
October 3, 2011 § Leave a comment
In many instances, the initiative to adjust start times may be undertaken by legislators, or by community constituents such as physicians, parents, PTA's, voters' groups, by the students themselves, or by you, rather than by school leaders (discussed in § IV, supra). While advocacy may take many forms, should writing be required, the sample letter below (here in docx) may serve as a basic template and may be modified as needed. Alternate sample letters are available here (outline format) and here (academic achievement, health/welfare). The difficulty, of course, is that each of these 13-14 page letters is about 13-14 pages longer than any school administrator is likely to ever read. Edit away.
Your Name
Street Address
City, State/Zip
Phone, fax, and/or email
Today's date
Street Address
City, State/Zip
Dear Superintendent Last Name and Members of the School Board,
I am the parent/guardian of a student presently attending School Name. I am writing to request that the School District implement healthy start times for middle and/or high school students. To safeguard the welfare and intellectual potential of these children, sleep experts recommend a delay in morning classes until 8:30 a.m., or later. (Start time recommendations available infra; see also, Vedaa, Saxvig, Wilhelmsen-Langeland, Bjorvatn, & Pallesen, School start time, sleepiness and functioning in Norwegian adolescents (Feb. 2012) Scandinavian J. Educational Research, pp. 55-67 [10th graders get 66 minutes more sleep and performance on attention/vigilance tasks improves with one hour start time delay to 9:30 a.m.].) First period at High School commences time period before the earliest start time recommended by any expert. (See, e.g., O'Malley & O'Malley, School Start Time and Its Impact on Learning and Behavior, publish. in, Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents (Ivanenko edit., Informa Healthcare 2008) pp. 83, 84, 89.) Middle School begins time period too early. (See, e.g., Lufi, Tzischinsky, & Hadar, Delaying School Starting Time by One Hour: Some Effects on Attention Levels in Adolescents (Apr. 2011) 7 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 2, pp. 137-143.)
"[O]n school days adolescents are obtaining less sleep then they are thought to need, and the factor with the biggest impact is school start times. If sleep loss is associated with impaired learning and health, then these data point to computer use, social activities and especially school start times as the most obvious intervention points." (Knutson & Lauderdale, Sociodemographic and behavioral predictors of bed time and wake time among U.S. adolescents aged 15–17 years (Mar. 2009) 154 J. Pediatrics 3, p. 426.) "School schedules are forcing them to lose sleep and to perform academically when they are at their worst." (Hansen, Janssen, Schiff, Zee, & Dubocovich, The Impact of School Daily Schedule on Adolescent Sleep (Jun. 2005) 115 Pediatrics 6, p. 1560, italics added.) "The earliest school start times are associated with annual reductions in student performance of roughly 0.1 standard deviations for disadvantaged students, equivalent to replacing an average teacher with a teacher at the sixteenth percentile in terms of effectiveness." (Jacob & Rockoff, Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments (Sept. 2011) Hamilton Project, Brookings Inst. p. 7.)
Although the evidence in support of delaying start times as benefiting the health, welfare, and academic performance of adolescents is overwhelming and uncontroverted (Troxel, The high cost of sleepy teens (May 23, 2012) Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Hagenauer, Perryman, Lee, & Carskadon, Adolescent Changes in the Homeostatic and Circadian Regulation of Sleep (2009) 31 Developmental Neuroscience 4, p. 282), school schedules are often determined by politics, budgets, and athletics, rather than the best interests of students. (See Wolfson & Carskadon, A Survey of Factors Influencing High School Start Times (Mar. 2005) 89 Nat. Assn. Secondary School Principals Bull. 642, pp. 47-66; Wahlstrom, The Prickly Politics of School Starting Times (Jan. 1999) 80 Phi Delta Kappan 5, pp. 344-347.) There is no sound reason, however, why any of these concerns should prevail over the well-being of children.
First, any adverse political fallout stemming from a shift to later start times should be diminished by the burgeoning evidence supporting the change. (See Wahlstrom, School Start Times and Sleepy Teens (Jul. 2010) 164 Archives Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 7, pp. 676-677.) Second, a study published in March of 2011 establishes that careful planning permits later start times to co-exist with athletics and extracurricular activities. (Kirby, Maggi, & D'Angiulli, School Start Times and the Sleep-Wake Cycle of Adolescents: A Review and Critical Evaluation of Available Evidence (Mar. 2011) 40 Educational Researcher 2, pp. 56-61.) Third, recent studies anticipate financial gains for schools (and students) when morning classes are delayed, a significant fact in times of economic hardship. (Edwards, Do Schools Begin Too Early? (Summer 2012) 12 Education Next 3; Jacob & Rockoff, Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments, supra, pp. 5-11; Carrell, Maghakian, & West, A's from Zzzz's? The Causal Effect of School Start Time on the Academic Performance of Adolescents (Aug. 2011) 3 Am. Economic J.: Economic Policy 3, pp. 62-81.) Fourth, finding ways to adjust start times is the "job of talented, smart school administrators." (Taboh, American Teenagers Dangerously Sleep Deprived: Tired teens physically, mentally, emotionally compromised (Sept. 9, 2010) Voice Am. News; see also, Riddile, Time Shift: Is your school jet-lagged? (Mar. 14, 2011) Nat. Assn. Secondary School Principals, The Principal Difference.)
Consistent with previous studies, the 2011 National Sleep Foundation poll found only 14% of teenagers between the ages of 13 and 18 report getting the recommended number of hours of sleep (9 or more) on school nights. (2011 Sleep in America Poll: Communications Technology in the Bedroom (Mar. 2011) Nat. Sleep Foundation, p. 40; see also, 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data User's Guide (Jun. 2012) Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, pp. 74, 86; Teens and Sleep Poll a Wake-Up Call, Pediatric Sleep Experts Say (Mar. 2006) Brown Univ.) "Sleep deprivation among adolescents appears to be, in some respects, the norm rather than the exception in contemporary society." (Roberts, Roberts, & Duong, Sleepless in adolescence: Prospective data on sleep deprivation, health and functioning (2009) 32 J. Adolescence, p. 1055.) "The consequences of this sleep deprivation are severe, impacting adolescents' physical and mental health, as well as daytime functioning." (Lund, Reider, Whiting, & Prichard, Sleep Patterns and Predictors of Disturbed Sleep in a Large Population of College Students (Feb. 2010) 46 J. Adolescent Health 2, p. 125.)
In 2010, CDC scientists reported, "Delaying school start times is a demonstrated strategy to promote sufficient sleep among adolescents." (Eaton, McKnight-Eily, Lowry, Croft, Presley-Cantrell, & Perry, Prevalence of Insufficient, Borderline, and Optimal Hours of Sleep Among High School Students – United States, 2007 (2010) 46 J. Adolescent Health, p. 401.) Dr. Philip Fuller, Medical Director of the Mary Washington Hospital Sleep and Wake Disorders Center, explains: "Inherently, the majority of kids with a later start will get more sleep, which is beneficial to grades as well as being safer." (Sklarew, Getting A's with More Z's: The fight for later school starts has backing from doctors and statistics (Nov. 2011) N. Va. Magazine.) "Students at later starting middle and high schools obtain more sleep due to later wake times and, in turn, function more effectively in school." (Wolfson, Spaulding, Dandrow, & Baroni, Middle School Start Times: The Importance of a Good Night's Sleep for Young Adolescents (Aug. 15, 2007) 5 Behavioral Sleep Medicine 3, p. 205.) "By recognizing the shift in biological rhythms during adolescence and delaying school start times accordingly, classroom experience can be matched to the times when adolescents are most alert and attentive." (Coch, Fischer, & Dawson, Human Behavior, Learning, and the Developing Brain: Typical Development (Informa Healthcare 2010) pp. 382-383.)
Economists from the University of California and the United States Air Force Academy note that since later start times have a "causal effect" upon improved academic performance in adolescents, delaying morning classes may save schools money. "A later start time of 50 minutes in our sample has the equivalent benefit as raising teacher quality by roughly one standard deviation. Hence, later start times may be a cost-effective way to improve student outcomes for adolescents." (Carrell, Maghakian, & West, A's from Zzzz's? The Causal Effect of School Start Time on the Academic Performance of Adolescents, supra, 3 Am. Economic J.: Economic Policy 3, p. 80.) The benefit is greatest for the bottom half of the distribution, suggesting that delaying start times may be particularly important for schools attempting to reach minimum competency requirements. (Edwards, Early to Rise? The Effect of Daily Start Times on Academic Performance (Dec. 2012) 31 Economics of Education Rev. 6, p. 978.) Brookings Institute economists "conservatively" estimate that shifting middle and high school start times "from roughly 8 a.m. to 9 a.m." would increase student achievement by 0.175 standard deviations on average, with effects for disadvantaged students roughly twice as large as advantaged students. (Jacob & Rockoff, Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments, supra, Brookings Inst., pp. 10, 21, n. 7.) The economists estimate a corresponding increase in individual student future earnings of approximately $17,500, at little or no cost to schools; i.e., a 9 to 1 benefits to costs ratio when utilizing single-tier busing, the most expensive transportation method available. (Id., pp. 5-11.)
In addition, studies have shown young people between 16 and 29 years of age are "the most likely to be involved in crashes caused by the driver falling asleep." (Millman, edit., Excessive Sleepiness in Adolescents and Young Adults: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment Strategies (Jun. 2005) 115 Pediatrics 6, p. 1779.) Consistent with a previous study finding 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. to be the most treacherous travel time for young drivers (Pack, Pack, Rodgman, Cucchiara, Dinges, & Schwab, Characteristics of Crashes Attributed to the Driver Having Fallen Asleep (Dec. 1995) 27 Accident Analysis & Prevention 6, pp. 769-775), a five year study by the Ohio Department of Transportation released in August of 2011 showed that 7 a.m. is "the most dangerous time for teens driving to school." (Crashes Involving Teens Triple During Back-to-School (Aug. 23, 2011) Ohio Department of Transportation.) Given that the sleep-inducing hormone, melatonin, pressures adolescents to sleep until approximately 8 a.m., these outcomes should not be surprising. (Later Start Times for High School Students (Jun. 2002) Univ. Minn.)
A study published in April 2011 associates early start times in Virginia Beach (7:25 a.m., except one school at 7:20 a.m.) with 41% higher crash rates among teen drivers than in adjacent Chesapeake where classes started at 8:40 a.m. or 8:45 a.m. (Vorona, Szklo-Coxe, Wu, Dubik, Zhao, & Ware, Dissimilar Teen Crash Rates in Two Neighboring Southeastern Virginia Cities with Different High School Start Times (Apr. 2011) 7 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 2, pp. 145-151.) In 1999, school districts in Lexington, Kentucky delayed start times for high school students county-wide by one hour to 8:30 a.m. Average crash rates for teen drivers in the county in the 2 years after the change in school start time dropped 16.5%, compared with the 2 years prior to the change, whereas teen crash rates for the rest of the state increased 7.8% over the same time period. (Danner & Phillips, Adolescent Sleep, School Start Times, and Teen Motor Vehicle Crashes (Dec. 2008) 4 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 6, pp. 533–535; see also, Storr, Sleepy teen pedestrians more likely to get hit, UAB study says (May 7, 2012) Univ. Al. Birmingham News.) In reviewing the study, John Cline, Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine, commented, "Given the danger posed to young people from car accidents this is a strong reason in itself to change school start times." (Cline, Do Later School Start Times Really Help High School Students? (Feb. 27, 2011) Psychology Today.) Automobile accidents represent the leading cause of death among teenagers, accounting for approximately 40% of teen fatalities annually and billions of dollars in attendant costs. (CDC, Injury Prevention & Control: Motor Vehicle Safety, Teen Drivers: Fact Sheet.)
A CDC study published in August 2011 found an association between health-risk behaviors and diminished weeknight sleep in adolescents, corroborating findings from previous studies. (McKnight-Eily, Eaton, Lowry, Croft, Presley-Cantrell, & Perry, Relationships between hours of sleep and health-risk behaviors in US adolescent students (Aug. 5, 2011) Preventive Medicine, 1-3; Pasch, Laska, Lytle, & Moe, Adolescent Sleep, Risk Behaviors, and Depressive Symptoms: Are They Linked? (Mar. 2010) 34 Am. J. Health Behavior 2, pp. 237-248; O'Brien & Mindell, Sleep and Risk-Taking Behavior in Adolescents (2005) 3 Behavioral Sleep Medicine 3, pp. 113-133.) A July 2011 study by University of Nebraska at Omaha criminologists found "preliminary evidence that sleep-deprived adolescents participate in a greater volume of both violent and property crime…. Further, our results indicate that every little bit of sleep may make a difference. That is, sleeping 1 (hour) less (i.e., 7 hours) than the recommended range increased the likelihood of property delinquency, and this risk increased for each hour of sleep missed." (Clinkinbeard, Simi, Evans, & Anderson, Sleep and Delinquency: Does the Amount of Sleep Matter? (Jul. 2011) J. Youth & Adolescence, p. 926.)
In 2009, following a Rhode Island boarding school's change in start times from 8 a.m. to 8:30 a.m., Dr. Judith Owens found the number of students reporting symptoms of depression declined, confirming outcomes from the Minnesota longitudinal studies (high school start times delayed to 8:30 a.m., Edina, 8:40 a.m., Minneapolis). (Owens, Belon, & Moss, Impact of Delaying School Start Time on Adolescent Sleep, Mood, and Behavior (Jul. 2010) 164 Archives Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 7, p. 613; Wahlstrom, Changing Times: Findings From the First Longitudinal Study of Later High School Start Times (Dec. 2002) 86 Nat. Assn. Secondary School Principals Bull. 633, pp. 3, 13.) Given the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents, Dr. Owens commented the finding was "particularly noteworthy." (Owens, Belon, & Moss, Impact of Delaying School Start Time on Adolescent Sleep, Mood, and Behavior, supra, 164 Archives Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 7, p. 613; see also, Dahl, The Consequences of Insufficient Sleep for Adolescents: Links Between Sleep and Emotional Regulation (Jan. 1999) 80 Phi Delta Kappan 5, pp. 354-359.) Serious consideration of suicide is among the many health-risk behaviors associated with restricted school night sleep in the 2011 CDC study. (McKnight-Eily, Eaton, Lowry, Croft, Presley-Cantrell, & Perry, Relationships between hours of sleep and health-risk behaviors in US adolescent students, supra, Preventive Medicine, pp. 1-3.) Suicide is the third leading cause of death among U.S. adolescents, in recent years accounting for 10% or more of all teen fatalities. (CDC Nat. Vital Statistics System, Mortality Tables.) Recent data put the suicide rate in the general population at 2.7%. (Miniño, Xu, & Kochanek, Deaths: Preliminary Data for 2008 (Dec. 9, 2010) 59 Nat. Vital Statistics Rep. 2.)
The adolescent sleep pattern runs from about 11 p.m. to 8 a.m. and is "rather fixed." (Later Start Times for High School Students, supra, Univ. Minn.) As the National Sleep Foundation points out, only by carefully controlling light exposure, including wearing eyeshades to exclude evening light, have scientists been successful in modifying adolescent circadian rhythms. (Backgrounder: Later School Start Times (2011) Nat. Sleep Foundation.) Waking an adolescent at 7 a.m. is the "equivalent" of waking an adult at 4 a.m. (Carrell, Maghakian, & West, A's from Zzzz's? The Causal Effect of School Start Time on the Academic Performance of Adolescents, supra, 3 Am. Economic J.: Economic Policy 3, p. 64.) Joining other Harvard educators in endorsing later start times (e.g., here, here, here, here, here, pp. 382-383), Professor of Sleep Medicine Susan Redline advises that 7:30 a.m. and 8 a.m. classes begin too early for adolescent students to obtain sufficient sleep and serve to interrupt REM sleep. (Powell, Bleary America needs some shut-eye: Forum points to schools, hospitals, factories as ripe for sleep reform (Mar. 8, 2012) Harvard Science.) Brown University's Mary Carskadon refers to early school start times as "just abusive." (Carpenter, Sleep deprivation may be undermining teen health (Oct. 2001) 32 Am. Psychological Assn. Monitor 9.)
In 2009, scientists writing in the journal Developmental Neuroscience succinctly stated the uniformly held position of sleep experts on school start times: "For policy makers, teachers and parents, these results provide a clear mandate. The effects of sleep deprivation on grades, car accident risk, and mood are indisputable. A number of school districts have moved middle and high school start times later with the goal of decreasing teenage sleep deprivation. We support this approach, as results indicate that later school start times lead to decreased truancy and drop-out rates." (Hagenauer, Perryman, Lee, & Carskadon, Adolescent Changes in the Homeostatic and Circadian Regulation of Sleep, supra, 31 Developmental Neuroscience 4, p. 282.)
School leaders have a unique capacity to shape the lives of students. (See, Park, Falling Asleep in Class? Blame Biology (Dec. 15, 2008) CNN.) The time of day when school begins is different than other issues in education — it has the potential to implicate adolescent morbidity and mortality. (Sleep Experts Concerned About St. Paul Start Time Change (Jun. 3, 2011) CBS; Vorona, Szklo-Coxe, Wu, Dubik, Zhao, & Ware, Dissimilar Teen Crash Rates in Two Neighboring Southeastern Virginia Cities with Different High School Start Times, supra, 7 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 7, pp. 145-151.) Physicians have been urging school administrators to eliminate early starting hours for teenagers since at least 1994. (Minn. Med. Assn. Letter to Superintendent Dragseth (Apr. 4, 1994) Edina Pub. Schools.) It's long past time to start listening.
Yours truly,
Your Name/Title/Affiliation
Start Time Recommendations, etc.:
"The American Academy of Pediatrics recognizes insufficient sleep in adolescents as a public health issue, endorses the scientific rationale for later school start times, and acknowledges the potential benefits to students with regard to physical and mental health, safety, and academic achievement. The American Academy of Pediatrics lends its strong support to school districts contemplating delaying school start times as a means of optimizing sleep and alertness in the learning environment and encourages all school administrators and other stakeholders in communities around the country to review the scientific evidence regarding school start times, to initiate discussions on this issue, and to systematically evaluate the community-wide impact of these changes (e.g., on academic performance, school budget, traffic patterns, teacher retention). [¶] Pediatricians and other pediatric health care providers (e.g., school physicians, school nurses) should provide scientific information, evidence based rationales, guidance, and support to educate school administrators, parent-teacher associations, and school boards about the benefits of instituting a delay in start times as a potentially highly cost-effective countermeasure to adolescent sleep deprivation and sleepiness. In most districts, middle and high schools should aim for a starting time of no earlier than 8:30 AM. However, individual school districts also need to take average commuting times and other exigencies into account in setting a start time that allows for adequate sleep opportunity for students."—American Academy of Pediatrics, Policy Statement. (Adolescent Sleep Working Group, Committee on Adolescence, & Council on School Health, School Start Times for Adolescents (Aug. 25, 2014) 134 Pediatrics 3, pp. 646, 647, Recommendation no. 4.)
"Synchronizing education start times to adolescent biology is the obvious way to address the problem of chronic sleep deprivation currently experienced by adolescents on school days. Astronomical time data and changes in sleep patterns from international studies show at the age of 10 biological wake time is about 06:30, so synchronized school starting times would be 08:30-09:00. At the age of 16 biological wake time is about 08:00, and synchronized school start times 10:00–10:30, and at 18 biological wake time is about 09:00, and synchronized education start times 11:00–11:30."—Paul Kelley, Ph.D., Honorary Research Associate, Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, University of Oxford, Steven Lockley, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Russell Foster, Ph.D., F.R.S., Head of Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chair of Circadian Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Jonathan Kelley, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology, University of Nevada, Reno. (Kelley, Lockley, Foster, & Kelley, Synchronizing education to adolescent biology: 'let teens sleep, start school later' (Aug. 1, 2014) Learning, Media and Technology, pp. 8-9, citation omitted.)
"[F]urther research now shows that in adolescence protecting our children's health and improving their learning means school starting times later than 9 a.m."—Paul Kelley, Ph.D., author, educator. (Kelley, The New York Times and school starting times in adolescence – a breakthrough? (Apr. 3, 2014) Making Minds.)
"[G]iven the analyses summarized here, there are clear benefits for students whose high schools start at 8:30 AM or later. This would include, for teens who reported they got at least 8 hours of sleep per night, that they were more likely to say they have good overall health and were less likely to report being depressed or using caffeine and other substances (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, other drugs). Other positive findings include a significant reduction in local car crashes, less absenteeism, less tardiness, as well as higher test scores on national achievement tests. … [¶] … [T]here are empirically-based positive outcomes for adolescents whenever the start time of their high school is moved to a later time—with the starting time of 8:30 AM or later clearly showing the most positive results."—Kyla Wahlstrom, Ph.D., Director, Center for Applied Research & Educational Improvement (CAREI), Univ. Minn.; Beverly J. Dretzke, Ph.D., Research Associate, Univ. Minn.; Molly F. Gordon, Ph.D., Senior Research Analyst, Univ. Chicago Consortium on Chicago School Research; Kristin Peterson, M.A., Research Fellow, Univ. Minn.; Katherine Edwards, B.A., Research Assistant, Univ. Minn.; Julie Gdula, M.A., Research Assistant, Univ. Minn. (Wahlstrom, Dretzke, Gordon, Peterson, Edwards, & Gdula, Examining the Impact of Later School Start Times on the Health and Academic Performance of High School Students: A Multi-Site Study (Feb. 2014) CAREI, Univ. Minn., p. 52.)
"There are at least three policy changes that will assist in the prioritization of sleep: 1) healthcare policy requiring the inclusion of sleep questions on health service intake forms and health provider prompts, in much the same way that smoking or exercise are routinely discussed; 2) education policy mandating school start times no earlier than 9 a.m. for adolescents; and 3) medical education policy limiting the hours of medical interns' and residents' shifts."—Alison Chopel, M.P.H., DrPH Candidate, Director, California Adolescent Health Collaborative, Public Health Institute (Chopel, Sleep is Healthy: A Simple, Old Idea with Big Consequences (Spring 2013) Policy Matters J.)
"During the school year, many teenagers find themselves nodding off during their early morning classes as high school bells ring around 7:30 a.m. While parents and teachers may attribute falling asleep during class to staying up too late checking Facebook statuses and texting with friends, medical evidence suggests that an early school start time before 8:30 a.m. is a greater culprit because classes are occurring when students' brains and bodies are still in biological sleep mode."—Kyla Wahlstrom, Ph.D., CAREI Director, Univ. Minn. (Wahlstrom, Later High School Start Times Improve Student Learning and Health (Aug. 24, 2012) Univ. Minn., College of Education & Human Development, Vision 2020 Blog.)
"High school should start at 8:45 a.m., or better at 9 o'clock."—Jeffrey Deitz, M.D. (Deitz, Children's Sleep: Time For A Wake-Up Call (Dec. 11, 2011) Huffpost: Healthy Living.)
Relying upon studies by Edwards (here), Carrell, et al. (here), the biological evidence, and data reflecting the prevalence of sleep deprivation among adolescents attending early starting schools, economists from Columbia University and the University of Michigan "conservatively" estimate that shifting middle and high school start times "from roughly 8 a.m. to 9 a.m.[,]" will increase academic achievement by 0.175 standard deviations on average, with effects for disadvantaged students roughly twice as large as advantaged students, at little or no cost to schools; i.e., a 9 to 1 benefits to costs ratio when utilizing single-tier busing, the most expensive transportation method available. (Jacob & Rockoff, Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments, supra, Hamilton Project, Brookings Inst., pp. 5-11, 21, n. 7 [considering study by Cortes, et al. (here), distinguishing study by Hinrichs (here)].) "This impact is equivalent to an additional two months of schooling." (Policy Brief, Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments (Aug. 2011) Brookings Inst., Hamilton Project, p. 4.) "When translated into earnings, the average student who starts school later would make about $17,500 more over the course of her life." (Ibid.; Jacob & Rockoff, Organizing Schools to Improve Student Achievement: Start Times, Grade Configurations, and Teacher Assignments, supra, Hamilton Project, Brookings Inst., pp. 6, 10 [accord].)
Sleep medicine and pulmonary specialist Dr. Robert Geck suggests high schools begin classes between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m. (Arja, Classes too early for teens? (Jul. 18, 2011) My Fox Tampa Bay.)
"The study strongly recommends that middle schools should consider delaying the school starting time by at least one hour. Such a change could enhance students' cognitive performance by improving their attention level, increasing rate of performance, as well as reducing their mistakes and impulsivity."—Dubi Lufi, Ph.D., Emek Yezreel College, Emek Yezreel, Israel, Orna Tzischinsky, Ph.D., Emek Yezreel College, Emek Yezreel, Israel, Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, Stav Hadar, M.A., Emek Yezreel College, Emek Yezreel, Israel. (Lufi, Tzischinsky, & Hadar, Delaying School Starting Time by One Hour: Some Effects on Attention Levels in Adolescents (Apr. 2011) 7 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 2, p. 137, italics added [study shifted start times from 7:30 a.m. to 8:30 a.m.].)
"Probably, 9 o'clock would be the ideal start time for high schools."—Judith Owens, M.D., M.P.H., Director of Sleep Medicine, Children's National Medical Center. (Burns, No More Dozing Off in First Period (Aug. 1, 2010) Miller-McCune.)
Martin Ralph, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology at the University of Toronto, recommends that high school classes begin at 11 a.m. (Kruszelnicki, Teenage Sleep (May 3, 2007) ABC Science; see, Lim, Maas Pushes for Later Start Time at Schools (Feb. 26, 2009) Cornell Daily Sun [Harvard study finds teen brain doesn't fully awaken until 11 a.m.]; Preckel, Lipnevich, Boehme, Brandner, Georgi, Könen, Mursin, & Roberts, Morningness-eveningness and educational outcomes: the lark has an advantage over the owl at high school (2011) British J. Education Psychology, pp. 1-21 [among 9th and 10th graders, larks (morningness chronotypes) outperform owls (eveningness chronotypes) on exams administered from 10 a.m. to noon].)
"A long-term solution to chronic sleep deprivation in adolescents that others conducting research on adolescent sleep behaviors support may mean that high school start times should be no earlier than 8:30 A.M."—Heather Noland, M.Ed., James Price, Ph.D., M.P.H., Professor, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, University of Toledo, Joseph Dake, Associate Professor, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, University of Toledo, & Susan Telljohann, Professor, Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, University of Toledo. (Noland, Price, Dake, & Telljohann, Adolescents' Sleep Behaviors and Perceptions of Sleep (2009) 79 J. School Health 5, p. 230.)
"The often serious impact of this chronic under-sleeping is now evident in both high school and middle school students. [¶] For all students one of the most salient—and correctable—social factors contributing to student sleep deprivation, is school start times. [¶] The circadian biology of sleep would predict that among individual children, those who are predisposed to be 'night owls' would be even more likely to suffer the consequences of sleepiness in a school system that imposes start times before 9 a.m. [¶] In brief, there are two features of the circadian rhythm especially important to understand regarding sleep in teenagers: (1) the drowsy signal that cues bedtime is dependent on the dampening of circadian-dependent alertness; and (2) the physiology of puberty causes a shift in the circadian rhythm which delays the timing of this biological bedtime by about an hour. These two biological factors underlie the main difficulties faced by adolescents attending school before 9:00 a.m.: the general problem that one cannot easily fall asleep before their biological bedtime, and the additional problem that puberty creates a tendency for even later bedtimes. [¶] Though research has not yet identified an ideal school schedule, the wealth of evidence reviewed in this chapter and elsewhere strongly suggests that students have a better opportunity to be rested and ready to learn by delaying school start time to 8:30 a.m. or later."—Edward O'Malley, Ph.D., former Assistant Professor of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, former Director, Norwalk Hospital Sleep Disorders Center, Mary O'Malley, M.D., Ph.D., former Clinical Instructor, Department of Psychiatry, New York University, former Fellowship Director, Norwalk Hospital Sleep Disorders Center. (O'Malley & O'Malley, School Start Time and Its Impact on Learning and Behavior, publish. in, Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents, supra, pp. 79, 83-84, 89.)
"Adopt a single start time (8:30-3:30) for all … Middle and High Schools."—Chattanooga Crime Task Force Committee, Roger Thompson, Ed.D., Committee Chair, Associate Professor, Criminal Justice, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga. (Chattanooga Crime Task Force Comm. (2008) Crime Task Force Rep., p. 15, Recommendation No. 7.)
"Right now, high schools usually start earlier in the morning than elementary schools. But if school start times were based on sleep cycles, elementary schools should start at 7:30 and high schools at 8:30 or 8:45—right now it's the reverse. School systems should be thinking about changing their start times. It would not be easy—they would have to change the busing system—but it would increase their student's sleep time and likely improve their school performance."—Richard Schwab, M.D., Associate Professor of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Co-Director, Penn Sleep Center. (Start School Later in the Morning, Say Sleepy Teens (May 20, 2007) Am. Thoracic Society; cf. Epstein, Chillag, & Lavie, Starting times of school: effects on daytime functioning of fifth-grade children in Israel (May 1998) 21 Sleep 3, 250-256; see also, Scott, The Squeeze on Zs, Part 2: Teens Struggle with Sleep Time (Feb. 6, 2012) TownandCountry-Manchester Patch ["It really makes sense for elementary school students to go to school first."---John Spivey, M.D., board certified specialist, pediatric sleep medicine, pediatric pulmonology]; but see, Keller, Smith, Gilbert, Bi, Haak, & Buckhalt, Earlier School Start Times as a Risk Factor for Poor School Performance: An Examination of Public Elementary Schools in the Commonwealth of Kentucky (Jun. 2014) J. Educational Psychology, pp. 1-10 [middle and upper class elementary school students perform better on standardized tests at later starting schools; no change found for disadvantaged students]; Li, Arguelles, Jiang, Chen, Jin, Yan, Tian, Hong, Qian, Zhang, Wang, & Shen, Sleep, School Performance, and a School-Based Intervention among School-Aged Children: A Sleep Series Study in China (Jul. 10, 2013) Plos One [school age children starting school at 8:30 a.m. slept longer and reported less daytime sleepiness than children starting at 7:30 a.m. or 8 a.m]; Epstein, Chillag, & Lavie, Starting times of school: effects on daytime functioning of fifth-grade children in Israel (May 1998) 21 Sleep 3, 250-256 [significant sleep deprivation reported for 5th grade students starting school at 7:10 a.m.].)
"Overall, many adolescents confront a major challenge if schools begin earlier than 8:30 a.m.; many schools start too early in the morning for adolescents to get adequate sleep, whether in the United States or in other countries such as Canada, Israel, Brazil, or Italy. [¶] [S]chool administrators are being urged to acknowledge the evidence and to adjust school schedules accordingly (e.g., delay high school start times)."—Amy Wolfson, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, College of the Holy Cross, Mary Carskadon, Ph.D., Professor of Psychiatry& Human Behavior, Brown University School of Medicine, Director of Chronobiology and Sleep Research, Bradley Hospital. (Wolfson & Carskadon, A Survey of Factors Influencing High School Start Times, supra, 89 Nat. Assn. Secondary School Principals Bull. 642, pp. 49, 50, citations omitted.)
"Schools with start times before 8:30 a.m. place students at a disadvantage in terms of arousal and alertness, not only for early morning classes but also throughout the day because adolescents' biological rhythms are out of sync with typical school routines."—Peg Dawson, Ed.D., N.C.S.P., Staff Psychologist, Center for Learning and Attention Disorders, Seacoast Mental Health Center, past president of the New Hampshire Association of School Psychologists, the National Association of School Psychologists, and the International School Psychology Association. (Dawson, Sleep and Adolescents (Jan. 2005) Counseling 101, p. 12; see also, Dawson, Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Information for Parents and Educators (2004) Nat. Assn. School Psychologists Resources.)
Citing research to support their position, the California Student Advisory Board on Legislation in Education recommended delaying start times throughout the state to 8:40 a.m. The student board noted the detrimental effects of early start times on attendance, academic performance, and behavior. The board's fiscal analysis predicted that delaying start times would increase attendance "resulting in more ADA money for schools" and test scores "will rise. Higher test scores (API) will insure greater levels of federal funding." The students concluded, "even with the implementation of state-sponsored pilot programs, the costs will be far outweighed by the benefits of the program." (Cal. Assn. Student Councils (2004) Cal. Student Advisory Bd. on Legislation in Education, School Starting Time, pp. 10-11.)
"Although providing a home environment to promote healthy sleep is the first step to eliminating sleep deprivation in adolescents, increased public awareness of the impact of sleep on learning and behavior is important. For this to occur legislation to ensure that high school start times not begin before 9:00 a.m. may help in reducing sleep deprivation leading to improved academic performance and behavior[.]"—Georgios Mitru, M.Ed., Daniel Millrood, M.Ed., M.S.P.T., New York Medical College faculty, Jason H. Mateika, Ph.D., Professor of Physiology, Wayne State University. (Mitru, Millrood, & Mateika, The Impact of Sleep on Learning and Behavior in Adolescents (Jun. 2002) 104 Teachers College Record 4, p. 721.)
"In 1913, Terman and Hocking (1913) reported that sleep in adolescents in the western U.S. was longer than that previously reported in studies of English (n=6180) (Ravenhill 1910) or German (Bernhard 1908) children and adolescents. One of the factors that they felt explained this difference was that school start times were an hour later (9:00 AM) in the U.S. than those in Germany and England (7:00–8:00 AM). They go so far as to state, 'The American practice of beginning at 9 o'clock is far wiser, and should never be changed unless for very special reasons.' " (Colrain & Baker, Changes in Sleep as a Function of Adolescent Development (2011) 21 Neuropsychology Rev., p. 13, quoting Terman & Hocking, The sleep of school children; its distribution according to age, and its relation to physical and mental efficiency (1913) J. Educational Psychology, p. 271.)
Implicit Recommendations
On January 26, 2012, at Brown University Professor of Medicine Richard Millman encouraged Barrington High School administrators to delay morning classes by one hour from the present 7:40 a.m. start time. (Rupp, Barrington Studies Later School Start Time For Teens (Jan. 27, 2012) East Greenwich Patch.)
In 2008, following a presentation by Cornell University Professor of Psychology James Maas concerning the "conflict" between "academic clocks" and "teenagers' body clocks," Deerfield Academy delayed start times from 7:55 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. (Lim, Maas Pushes for Later Start Time at Schools, supra, Cornell Daily Sun.)
"Of all the arguments I've heard over school start-times, not one person has argued that children learn more at 7:15 a.m. than at 8:30."—Mark Mahowald, M.D., Professor of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, visiting Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University. (Bronson, Snooze or Lose (Oct. 7, 2007) N.Y. Magazine, web p. 3.)
Less Specific Recommendations
"We believe that high schools should take a close look at having later start times to align with circadian rhythms in teens and to allow for longer sleep times. Too many teens in this country obtain insufficient sleep. A burgeoning literature suggests that this may lead to problematic consequences including mood disorders, academic difficulties and behavioral issues."—Robert Vorona, M.D., Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk, Virginia, after finding, inter alia, 41% higher teen crash rate in Virginia Beach, Virginia, where high school classes began at 7:20—7:25 a.m., than in adjacent Chesapeake, Virginia, where classes started at 8:40—8:45 a.m. (Teen Automobile Crash Rates are Higher When School Starts Earlier (May 12, 2010) Am. Acad. Sleep Med.; see, Vorona, Szklo-Coxe, Wu, Dubik, Zhao, & Ware, Dissimilar Teen Crash Rates in Two Neighboring Southeastern Virginia Cities with Different High School Start Times, supra, 7 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 2, 145-151; Crash rates may be higher for teen drivers who start school earlier (Apr. 12, 2011) Am. Acad. Sleep Med.)
"These analyses suggest that earlier high school-start times contributed to an increase in crash rates amongst teenagers in the United States. They are additional data suggesting that high school start times should be delayed to increase the amount of sleep that teenagers get during the school week and, hence, reduce the amount of sleep deprivation they incur."—Stuart Quan, M.D., Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Senior Physician, Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, commenting on the study by Vorona, et al., supra. (Quan, Podcast Transcript (Apr. 2011) 7 J. Clinical Sleep Med. 2, p. 1.)
The single most profound difference we could make [i]n education … would be to let teens sleep on nature's schedule (midnight to 9 a.m. or later).—JoAnn Deak, Ph.D., Educator and Psychologist. (Large, Shedding light on the teen brain (Jun. 8, 2009) The Seattle Times.)
Russell Foster, Ph.D., F.R.S., Head of Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chair of Circadian Neuroscience, Oxford University, says teenagers are biologically wired to stay up late and wake late, making a 9 a.m. start too early. (Critchley, Sleepy teens want later start (May 4, 2007) Herald Sun.) In 2007, Professor Foster suggested classes not begin until the afternoon because teens' body clocks can be delayed between two and four hours. (Making teens start school in the morning is 'cruel,' brain doctor claims (Dec. 1, 2007) London Evening Standard; see also, Hansen, Janssen, Schiff, Zee, & Dubocovich, The Impact of Daily Schedule on Adolescent Sleep, supra, 115 Pediatrics 6, pp. 1555-1561 [high school seniors perform better in the afternoon than in the morning on vigilance tests, symbol copying, visual search tasks, and logical reasoning].) More recently, however, Professor Foster has endorsed "an extra hour in bed" and expressed approval of the UCL Academy "later" start time; i.e., 10 a.m. (Foster, Why teenagers really do need an extra hour in bed (Apr. 22, 2013) New Scientist; see, Parsons, Could a one-hour lie-in improve pupils' exam results? UK schools 'could move class start times back to 10am' (Mar. 18, 2013) Yahoo! News.)
General Counsel
"[C]hildren and adolescents with restricted sleep are at greater risk for increased oppositionality and irritability, as well as reduced attention, executive functioning, processing speed, behavioral/emotional regulation, motivation and academic achievement. … Certainly this causal link between sleep loss and impaired functioning in children and adolescents provides the impetus for consideration of delaying school start times, particularly for adolescents, who are experiencing a natural delay in circadian rhythm." (Crabtree & Witcher, Impact of Sleep Loss on Children and Adolescents, publish. in, Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents (Informa Healthcare 2008, Ivanenko edit.) p. 144.)
"[S]chools need to incorporate into their pedagogical proposal measures that would reduce the impact of phase delay on the student's performance. [¶] The first step would be to reconsider the school's temporal organization, in particular its class schedules, and systematize the results of possible interventions that aim to reduce the student's daily sleepiness and thereby improve performance. [¶] The changes we propose are apparently simple modifications, such as delaying the beginning of morning classes." (Louzada, Teixeira da Silva, Peixoto, & Menna-Barreto, The Adolescence Sleep Phase Delay: Causes, Consequences and Possible Interventions (Jul. 2008) 1 Sleep Science, p. 52.)
"Recent research has focused on the effects of daytime sleepiness in the student population. Poor sleep quality has been linked to increased tension, irritability, depression, more frequent use of alcohol and illicit drugs, accidents, and lowered academic performance. Sleep problems are common and unrecognized in the student group. The influence of sleep on learning and behavior has recently captured the attention of school districts across the United States and school administrators increasingly need to weigh the factual information about the biology of student sleep patterns against the competing demands of teachers' work preferences and athletic and after-school schedules. [¶] [T]here is increasing data that early school start times result in increased daytime sleepiness, and altering the times to a later time period has positive effects on academic performance and sleepiness." (Bijwadia & Dexter, The Student with Sleep Complaints, publish. in, Sleep: A Comprehensive Handbook (Lee-Chiong, edit., Wiley-Liss 2006) pp. 959, 960.)
"There is a need for educators to be more aware of the impact of school start times and academic scheduling, and to consider sleep problems as potential factors in students who fail to achieve or who exhibit behavioural problems. While it may be administratively convenient to begin high school classes early, there is strong evidence in our data, supported by the literature, suggesting that later start times would be more appropriate for teens." (Gibson, Powles, Thabane, O'Brien, Molnar, Trajanovic, Ogilvie, Shapiro, Yan, & Chilcott-Tanser, "Sleepiness" is serious in adolescence: Two surveys of 3235 Canadian students (May 2006) 6 Bio Med Central Pub. Health 116, p. 8.)
"Where possible, efforts should be made to encourage lighter homework loads and later school start times, so that adolescents can go to bed and wake up at times that are more suited to their bodily rhythms." (Fredriksen, Rhodes, Reddy, & Way, Sleepless in Chicago: Tracking the Effects of Adolescent Sleep Loss During the Middle School Years (Jan./Feb. 2004) 75 Child Development 1, p. 94.)


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Staff report
The Lebanon Reporter
October is here, and the Lebanon Department of Parks has begun preparations for its annual Fright Forest Haunted Trail.
"Volunteers have been planning for months to ensure the biggest and spookiest haunt yet," said James Heine, a long-time volunteer. "I can't wait. We have all new surprises hiding in the trees that'll really get people's hearts pounding."
Each year Abner Longley Park's nature trail on the south side of Lebanon is transformed into a spirited haunted attraction. Guests who dare enjoy a half-hour guided walking tour filled with things that go bump in the night.
The Lebanon Reporter now offers an interactive eEdition. Sign up to read the full version of stories anytime, anywhere.


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About This Blog
Welcome to the first group of Global Health Law Ambassadors. Students are enjoying the opportunity to extern or intern at international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Millennium Development Campaign office and for the US government at the Department of Commerce International Trade Administration. Opportunities also include research on topics of importance to national health systems in collaboration with me and a colleague at the WHO. Each student has a defined research project established by the sponsor in consultation with me. Each has determined the credit status of these experiences – ranging from a full externship to an internship/directed research to no credit but great experience as a research assistant. The full requirements of each will be posted shortly in a new web page within the Health Law Institute and more information will be available in the fall during open house for summer institutes. So you have an idea of what the requirements are I will name a few now. First and foremost for a summer experience in Geneva you must be enrolled or have completed the summer institute in Lausanne and have passed 6011X beforehand. A grade point average of at least 2.7 is required.
Watch here for blogging by students about their experiences! Hope to see you in the fall at the open house. No date has been set yet.
Professor Forzley
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French conversation tables are designed to provide students with a relaxed atmosphere in which to speak with classmates and a native speaker. Students are required to participate in half the required number of tables for their course by the middle of the semester. Since conversation topics change weekly, you can only receive credit for one table per week, although you may go as much as you like for extra practice (please note, however, that tables will be limited to ten students). At the close of each session, fill out the participation form that the language assistant will both provide and submit to your professor.
All tables will be held in Pennington Lounge except for the Tuesday table for 102-321.


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Members: 4989
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A collection of one-shots and short stories which marries – or tries to do so – some characters and events from Rowling's and Tolkien's universes. There is no spite intended to both authors and their works by this act, only fun and enjoyment. Readers are welcome to suggest ideas; subsequently, said ideas will duely be credited if used.


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Sc2400 Sub-Compact Tractor
Because the engine, transmission, hydraulics and injectors are all manufactured and perfectly
matched by Yanmar, the company says its Sc2400 delivers the power you'd expect from a much larger tractor. With Shift-On-The-Go technology, selectable 4WD and 3-point hitch position control, the Sc2400 might be the smallest tractor Yanmar makes, but there's Yanmar quality packed into every inch, the company points out.
- 24-hp indirect-injection diesel engine
- 2-range shift-on-the-go
- Dual hydraulic pumps


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ALBANY — New recreational and commercial fishing rules for blackfish (tautog) have been formally adopted, the state Department of Environmental Conservation has announced.
These rules have been in place since May 5, 2012. These changes are necessary to comply with interstate management measures to assist in rebuilding blackfish populations. These changes are a revision of regulations that were originally put in place Dec. 30, 2011.
The recreational season has been shortened by 115 days and now runs from Oct. 5 to Dec. 14. In addition, the minimum size limit has been increased by 2 inches to 16 inches total length. The possession limit of four fish per day remains unchanged.
The minimum commercial size limit has been increased by 1 inch to 15 inches total length. The season and trip limits for the commercial harvest of blackfish will not change in 2012.
For more information about the Interstate Fishery Management Program, visit the website of the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission at www.asmfc.org and the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council at www.mafmc.org.


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Perth Western, Australia-based hard rockers BABYJANE have unveiled the cover artwork of their forthcoming sophomore album, "Make It Sick". The CD's title track, which features a guest appearance by John Corabi, former lead singer of MÖTLEY CRÜE, THE SCREAM and UNION, was recorded with legendary producer Michael Wagener's (METALLICA, SKID ROW, OZZY OSBOURNE) Wireworld Studio in Nashville, Tennessee."She's Just A Liar", the first single from "Make It Sick", can be streamed using the SoundCloud player below. BABYJANE has thus far released one album, "Are You Listening?", which was mixed by Wagener in 2010. BABYJANE is: Andy Smith - Vocals, Guitar
John Gerasolo - Lead Guitars
Paul Judge - Bass, Vocals
Nik Kats - Drums


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Don't take Britney Spears' Kids!
Figalicious.com has created this Petition to support Britney Spears in her time of need and let her know that the whole world is not against her, and that there are PLENTY of people out there who are on her side. If you are a Britney fan please sign this petition and let her know that you are one of the many people who care and support her, and believe that she is a good mother and the media is just making her out to be a bad one. Don\'t believe everything you read/hear. Kevin Federline is hungry for attention from the media and this is his way of getting it. Don\'t let him win! Thanks!
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On January 6, Chip Kelly turned down the Eagles and decided to stay at Oregon. Now, 10 days later, Kelly reversed course and is the new head coach in Philadelphia. Details have begun to emerge on just how Kelly ended up with the Eagles and what other direction Philadelphia was planning to go.
Kelly was the Eagles No. 1 choice and the two sides didn't remain out of contact long, even after Kelly decided to return to the Ducks. It was only two days before Eagles general manager Howie Roseman and Kelly connected again.
Eagles and Chip Kelly began talking again on Jan. 8 in Nashville. A mutual friend of Roseman's and Kelly's helped hook them back together.— Jeff McLane (@Jeff_McLane) January 16, 2013
The two sides stayed in contact over the next few days, but the discussions did not began to escalate until the 36 hours leading up to Wednesday's announcement. The deal was agreed upon late Tuesday night, but nothing was finalized until Wednesday morning.
Chip Kelly's hiring was not finalized until this morning after he told his players at Oregon that he was leaving to take the #Eagles job.— Jeff McLane (@Jeff_McLane) January 16, 2013
So what would the Eagles have done if Kelly said no again? They were planning to offer Seattle defensive coordinator Gus Bradley the job if not for Kelly.


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According to the guidelines from the Alabama League of Municipalities, a candidate must file paperwork with the appointed election official in each city certifying that they meet the requirements of candidacy. Those requirement are:
•Each mayor, council member or officer elected by the whole electorate of the city or town must be a resident and a registered voter in that municipality at the time of qualification.
•Council members elected by wards or districts must reside within the limits of that area.
•Candidates must have been residents of the municipality for at least 90 days.
•Candidates elected by wards or districts must have been residents of that district for at least 90 days.
•Resident means a permanent physical resident. Residency in the police jurisdiction or ownership of property inside the city limits does not meet the residency requirement.
•A candidate does not establish legal residence merely by stating an intention to reside at the residence, but by also physically occupying the residence.
The elections manual also states, "The clerk and the mayor have no authority to judge the qualifications of a candidate. Their only job is to receive the statements which are properly filled out and see to it that the names of the candidate are properly placed on the ballot."
According to Tracy Roberts, the deputy general counsel for the league, the responsibility of determining that the candidate is a resident and registered voter falls to the mayor, who is responsible for having the ballots printed, unless the mayor has some personal conflict.
In that case, the city council appoints someone to oversee the process and determine whether the candidate is eligible.
If the candidate is not a registered voter of the municipality, Roberts said the mayor or appointed official will decide to leave the name off the ballot.
If the candidate is a registered voter of the municipality, Roberts said the issue becomes more complicated. The challenge to eligibility at that point would have to be settled by a court, either prior to the election, via a challenge to the ballot, or up to five days after the winner is announced, via an election contest.


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Alcohol Content...Why So High?
Article by: Harvey Finkel, MD - Let's examine whether an increase from the 12 or 13 percent, to which we have been accustomed in table wine, to 16 or 17 percent is likely to influence either the adverse or beneficial effects of [...] Read More »
Revisiting Champagne
Article by: Bill Nesto, MW - Sophie Larmandier (Champagne Larmandier-Bernier), of Vertus in the southern end of the Cote des Blancs, and her husband, Pierre, have taken a biodynamic course as a way to nurse their land back to health. Pointing down [...] Read More »
Whites After Labor Day
Article by: Sandy Block, MW - To me wine is seasonal primarily to the extent that I'm drawn to certain dishes at different points on the calendar. To complement the lighter, fresher fare that makes up a large part of my diet [...] Read More »
The Great Dane
Article by: Lew Bryson - How did that happen? Carlsberg is currently the fifth-largest brewing group in the world, and Carlsberg beer is sold in 154 countries. They are the brewers that put brewing on a true scientific basis, and who [...] Read More »


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Pima County Sheriff's officials confirmed a reportedly suicidal man who was in a standoff with the SWAT team on Monday is dead.
Deputy Courtney Rodriguez with the Pima County Sheriff's Department said a SWAT situation began around 9:30 a.m. in the 5200 block of N. Crowley Lane. A news release from the Pima County Sheriff's Department says a woman called 911 to have authorities check on her roommate.
Deputies said Scott Mitchell, 46, threatened to kill himself and the PCSD officials evacuated nearby homes. The Mental Health Support Team responded to the scene as well. MHST has confirmed that a mental health evaluation court order existed for Mitchell.
Authorities sent a robot into the home, near La Cholla and Curtis, and Mitchell reacted by shooting at deputies.
They returned fire and hit him, police said. He was pronounced dead around 3 p.m. The sergeant who fired at him, Sgt. Derek Tyra, has been placed on administrative leave, pending an investigation. Sgt. Tyra is a fourteen year veteran of the Pima County Sheriff's Department. Investigators say they will re-create the scene once the sun comes up.
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