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So with the new rules and Arsene in the forefront of not holding his tongue about it. I'm going to write up a new "Super" league in Europe. This is all hypothetical so please tell me what you think.
The new "European Premier League". Name under discussion.
There is a lot to take in after the jump.
The new rules on
(7) Seven (8) Eight homegrown players of someone being on a Premier League team (3) Three years before they turn (21) Twenty-One. This is the first step on making people upset and if the Premier League does go down in talent. I can see teams jumping ship and trying to make the best teams join forces. I for one would be devastated to see teams split but if this happens you can't stay angry for long. This will hurt the smaller clubs which I feel bad about since I route for small market teams in the U.S. Leagues.
Team part- this is up to debate in alphabetical order. I would put them in a 4 division league. Definitions comes from Wikipedia I love soccer (Futbol) but no genius on all the teams and don't want to mess up on any detail.
1. AC Milan
via www3.pictures.gi.zimbio.com
The club was founded in 1899 by English lace-maker Herbert Kilpin, Alfred Edwards, and four other Englishmen and has spent most of its history in Serie A, the top league of Italian football, having spent only two years in Serie B in the 1980s.
The club has won 18 officially recognized UEFA and FIFA international titles, and remains tied with Boca Juniors as having won the most in the world. Milan has won four world titles, more than any other club in the world, having won the Intercontinental Cup three times and the FIFA Club World Cup once. Milan has won the European Cup/Champions League on seven occasions; only Real Madrid has exceeded this total. The club has also won the European Super Cup a record five times and the Cup Winners' Cup twice.
Domestically, Milan has won 17 league titles, making the club the third most successful in Serie A behind local rivals Internazionale (18 wins) and record-holder Juventus (27 titles). The club has also won the Coppa Italia five times, in addition to five Supercoppa Italiana triumphs. The UEFA Cup (Europa League) remains the only major competition for which the team are eligible to compete that they have never won. Milan was a founding member of the G-14 group and the European Club Association that was formed following the first organization's dissolution.
Milan's home games are played at San Siro, also known as the Stadio Giuseppe Meazza. The stadium, which is shared with Inter, is the largest in Italian football, with a total capacity of 80,074. The owner of the club is Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi while the vice-president is Adriano Galliani. Milan is one of the wealthiest clubs in Italian and world football.
2. Arsenal
Arsenal is an English professional football club based in Holloway, North London. Arsenal plays in the Premier League and is one of the most successful clubs in English football, having won 13 First Division and Premier League titles and 10 FA Cups. They hold the record for the longest uninterrupted period in the English top flight and are the only side to have completed a Premier League season unbeaten.
Arsenal Football Club was founded in 1886 and, in 1893, became the first club from the south of England to join the Football League. In the 1930s they won their first major trophies: five League Championship titles and two FA Cup trophies. After a lean period in the post-war years they became the second club of the 20th century to win the League and FA Cup Double, in the 1970-71 season, and in the 1990s and 2000s recorded a series of successes - during this time Arsenal won a Cup Double, two further League and FA Cup Doubles, and became the first London club to reach the UEFA Champions League Final.
The club's colors, traditionally red and white, have evolved over time. Similarly, the club have moved location; founded in Woolwich, south-east London, in 1913 they moved north across the city to Arsenal Stadium, in Highbury. In 2006 they made a shorter move, to the Emirates Stadium in nearby Holloway.
Arsenal have an estimated 27 million supporters worldwide, and the fans have long-standing rivalries with several other clubs; the most notable of these is with neighbours Tottenham Hotspur, with whom they regularly contest the North London derby. Arsenal are also the third most valuable club in the world as of 2010, valued at $1.2 billion. The club have regularly featured in portrayals of football in British culture. Arsenal Ladies are the most successful English club in women's football and are also affiliated with the club.
3. Barcelona
Barcelona is a football club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The team was founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss, English and Spanish men led by Joan Gamper. The club has become a Catalan institution, hence the motto "Més que un club" (More than a club). The official Barça anthem is El Cant del Barça by Josep Maria Espinàs.
FC Barcelona is one of only three clubs never to have been relegated from La Liga and is the most successful club in Spanish football in terms of overall trophies won, having won twenty La Liga titles, a record twenty-five Spanish Cups, eight Spanish Super Cups and two League Cups. They are also one of the most successful clubs in European football having won fourteen official major trophies in total, including ten UEFA competitions. They have won three UEFA Champions League titles, a record four UEFA Cup Winners' Cups, a record three Inter-Cities Fairs Cups (the forerunner to the UEFA Europa League), three UEFA Super Cups and one FIFA Club World Cup. The club is also the only European side to have played continental football in every season since its inception in 1955.
In 2009, Barcelona became the first club in Spain to win the treble of La Liga, Copa del Rey and Champions League. FC Barcelona also became the first football team ever to win six out of six competitions in a single year thus completing the sextuple, comprising the La Liga, Copa del Rey, Spanish Supercup, Champions League, European Supercup and FIFA Club World Cup.
Barcelona holds a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid, with matches between the two teams referred to as "El Clásico". Unlike many other football clubs, the fans of FC Barcelona own and operate the club. The club is the world's second richest football club (€365m) in terms of revenue, only surpassed by Real Madrid.
4. Bayern Munich
Bayern Munich is a German sports club based in Munich, Bavaria. It is best known for its professional football team, which is the most successful club in German football, having won 22 German titles and 15 cups.
The club was founded in 1900 by eleven football players led by Franz John. Although Bayern won its first national championship in 1932, the club was not selected for the Bundesliga at its inception in 1963. In the middle of the 1970s, the club had its period of greatest success, when the famous team led by Franz Beckenbauer won the European Cup three times in a row (1974-76). In recent years they have been by far the most successful team in German football, winning six of the last ten championships. The club's last international title was the Intercontinental Cup in 2001, though they won their fourth European Cup the same year.
Since the beginning of the 2005-06 season, Bayern plays its home games in the Allianz Arena. Previously the team had played for 33 years in the Olympic Stadium. The team colors are red and white, and the team crest shows the colors of Bavaria.
Bayern is a membership-based club with more than 152,000 members. There are also more than 2,500 officially-registered fan clubs with about 181,700 members. The club has other departments for chess, handball, basketball, gymnastics, bowling, table tennis, referees, and senior football with more than 1,100 active members.
5. Chelsea
Chelsea are an English professional football club based in west London. Founded in 1905, they play in the Premier League and have spent most of their history in the top tier of English football. Chelsea have been English champions four times, FA Cup winners six times and League Cup winners four times. They have also been successful in Europe, winning the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup twice.
The club had their first major success in 1955, when they won the league championship. Chelsea won several cup competitions during the 1960s and 1970s, but after that did not win another major title until 1997. The past decade has been the most successful period in Chelsea's history, capped by winning Premier League titles in 2005, 2006 and 2010, and reaching their first UEFA Champions League final in 2008.
Despite their name, the club are not based in Chelsea, but in neighbouring Fulham. The club's home is the 41,841 capacity Stamford Bridge football stadium in Fulham, where they have played since their establishment. In 2003, they were bought by Russian oil magnate Roman Abramovich.
Chelsea's regular kit colours are royal blue shirts and shorts with white socks, the combination used since the 1960s. The club crest has been changed several times in attempts to modernise or re-brand; the current crest, featuring a ceremonial lion holding a staff, is a modified version of one first adopted in the 1950s. The club has sustained the fifth highest average all-time attendance in English football. Their average home gate for the 2009-10 season was 41,423, the fifth highest in the Premier League.
6.Dynamo Kyiv
via www.football-wallpapers.com
Dynamo Kyiv is a professional football club based in the Ukrainian capital city of Kyiv. Founded in 1927, the club currently participates in the Ukrainian Premier League and have spent their entire history in the top league of Soviet and later Ukrainian football. Dynamo Kyiv has won twelve league titles, nine Ukrainian Cups, one UEFA Super Cup and two UEFA Cup Winners' Cups. Additionally, they have also won 13 USSR Championships, 9 USSR Cups, and 3 USSR Super Cups, making Dynamo the most successful club in the history of the Soviet Top League.
Dynamo's home is the 16,900 capacity Lobanovsky Dynamo Stadium in Kiev, with a few bigger games played at Olimpiysky National Sports Complex.
7. Inter Milan
Inter Milan is an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Italy. Outside Italy, the club is often called Inter Milan. Inter are the champions of Italy, their win in 2009-10 being a fifth successive title, equalling the all-time record. Inter are also the reigning European champions.
Wearing black and blue stripes, they have played in the Italian first division since 1908. The club have won twenty eight national trophies including eighteen Italian league titles, six Italian cups and four Italian Super Cup. At the international level, they have won 3 European Cup/Champions League; first of all two back-to-back European Cups in 1964 and 1965 and then, after 45 years, in 2010, completing an unprecedented (for an italian team) treble after winning in the same season the Coppa Italia and the Scudetto. The club won also three UEFA Cups in 1991, 1994 and 1998, and two Intercontinental Cups in 1964 and 1965.
Inter play in the largest stadium in Italy, the Giuseppe Meazza stadium (also known as San Siro) and train at the Angelo Moratti Sports Center (also known as La Pinetina), a training facility 30 kilometers away in Appiano Gentile, near Como.
8. Juventus
Juventus is an Italian professional football club based in Turin, Piedmont. They were founded in 1897 and have spent their entire history, with the exception of the 2006-07 season, in the top flight First Division (called Serie A since 1929).
Juventus are historically the most successful team in Italian football and one of the most successful and recognized in the world.According to the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognized by FIFA, Juventus were Italy's best club of the 20th century and the second most successful European club in the same period.
Overall, Juventus have won 51 official competitions, more than any other team in the country; 40 in the national First Division, which is also a record, and 11 in UEFA and world competitions, making them the third team in Europe and sixth in the world with the most international titles won officially recognized by their respective continental football confederation and FIFA.
In 1985, Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major UEFA club competitions, the European Champion Clubs' Cup, the (now-defunct) UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (first Italian and Southern European side to win the competition). After their triumph in the World Club Cup in the same year, Juventus FC also became the first football team ever -remains the only one at present- to have won all official international competitions.
Juventus have a larger fan base than any other Italian club, and at 170 million, they also have one of the highest numbers of supporters world-wide (it. the tifosi). The club are one of the founders of the European Club Association, which was formed after the dissolution of the G-14, a collection of Europe's most elite clubs. The Torinese side is also recognized for its contributions to the Italian national team.
Manchester City the first known competitive fixture was played in November 1880, when the side was known as St. Mark's (West Gorton); they then became Ardwick Association Football Club in 1887 before changing their name to Manchester City Football Club in 1894. The club's most successful period was in the late 1960s and early 1970s when they won the League Championship, the FA Cup, the League Cup and European Cup Winners' Cup under the management team of Joe Mercer and Malcolm Allison and with players including Colin Bell, Mike Summerbee and Francis Lee.
Since winning the League Cup in 1976, the club has failed to win any major honours. The club's decline led to relegation twice in three years in the 1990s, spending the 1998-99 season in the third tier of English football. The club has since regained top flight status, the level at which they have spent the majority of their history. In 2008 they were purchased by the Abu Dhabi United Group, making the club one of the most financially powerful in the world, resulting in the transfers of a number of high profile players. They are currently managed by Roberto Mancini.
Manchester United is an English professional football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester. The club currently plays in the Premier League, of which it was a founding member in 1992, and has competed in the UEFA Champions League every year since the 1996-97 season. Founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, the club changed its name after coming close to bankruptcy in 1902, ten years after joining The Football League and six years before its first league title. In 1910, the club moved to its current home, Old Trafford, the second-largest football ground in the United Kingdom.
In 1968, under the management of Matt Busby, Manchester United was the first English football club to win the European Cup, just 10 years after the Munich air disaster that claimed the lives of eight of its players. Alex Ferguson is the most successful manager in the club's history, having won 26 major honors since he took over in November 1986. The club is unique in having won the Premier League, the FA Cup and the UEFA Champions League in a single season, a feat known as The Treble, doing so in 1998-99.
Having won a joint-record 18 league titles, four League Cups and a record 11 FA Cups, Manchester United is the joint most successful club in the history of English football and one of the wealthiest and most widely supported football teams in the world. After being floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1991, the club was purchased by the Glazer family in May 2005 in a deal valuing the club at almost £800 million.
With anywhere between 75 and 333 million supporters worldwide, Manchester United is a global brand valued by Forbes magazine at $285 million. The club is currently third, behind Real Madrid and Barcelona, in the Deloitte Football Money League, but were it not for the depreciation of the pound sterling against the euro, Manchester United would have the highest revenue of any football club worldwide. The club is said to be worth £1.19 billion, making it the most valuable football club in the world.
11. Liverpool
via img.thesun.co.uk
Liverpool are a professional football club who play in the Premier League and are the joint most successful team in the history of English football, with no other club having won more trophies. Liverpool have won a joint-record eighteen league titles, seven FA Cups, seven League Cups, three UEFA Cups and five European Cups, an English record.
The club were founded in 1892 and won five league championships between 1900 and 1947. However, Liverpool spent several years in the Second Division during the late 1950s, and did not win promotion again until the appointment of Bill Shankly as manager in 1959. The club traditionally played in red and white, but this was changed to all red in the 1960s.
Under Shankly's management, Liverpool won three League Championship titles, two FA Cups and a UEFA Cup, the club's first European trophy. In the past 30 years, they have been one of the most successful clubs in English and European football; they won four European Cups between 1977 and 1984 and a fifth in 2005.
The Heysel Stadium disaster made the club infamous in Europe; 39 Juventus fans died after a wall collapsed as they fled from charging Liverpool fans. The club were involved in a worse disaster four years later - the Hillsborough Disaster - which saw the death of 96 Liverpool fans in a crush against perimeter fencing. Both disasters have had wide-ranging impacts on English and European football, and the club, to this day.
Liverpool have played at Anfield since forming. Plans to move to a new stadium in Stanley Park by 2011 have been put on hold until economic conditions improve. Liverpool have a very large fan base which holds long-standing rivalries with Manchester United and Everton, against whom they contest the Merseyside derby.
Liverpool are currently managed by Roy Hodgson and captained by Steven Gerrard, with Jamie Carragher taking the vice-captain role.
12. Olympique Lyon
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Olympique Lyon is a French association football club based in Lyon. They play in France's highest football division, Ligue 1.
The club was formed as Lyon Olympique Universitaire in 1899, according to many supporters and sport historians, but was nationally established as a club in 1950. Their most successful period has been the 21st century. The club won their first ever Ligue 1 championship in 2002, starting a national record-breaking streak of seven successive titles. Lyon have also won a record seven Trophée des Champions, four Coupe de France titles, and three Ligue 2 Championships. They have appeared in the UEFA Champions League eleven times and, during the 2009-10 season, reached the semi-finals of the competition for the first time after three previous quarter-final appearances.
Olympique Lyonnais play their home matches at the 41,044-seat Stade de Gerland in Lyon. In 2013, they plan to move into their new stadia, tentatively named OL Land, in Décines-Charpieu, a suburb of Lyon. The club's home colours are white, red and blue. Lyon were a member of the G14 group of leading European football clubs and are founder members of its successor, the European Club Association. The chairman of Lyon is Jean-Michel Aulas and club is managed by Claude Puel.
Olympique Lyonnais is one of the most popular clubs in France. About 11% of the country's population support the club. Lyon share this number with Paris Saint-Germain and only trail Olympique de Marseille. Lyon do, however, hold the honor of being the richest club in the country having generated an annual revenue stream of €139.6 million for the 2008-09 season, according to accountants Deloitte.
Olympique Lyonnais also has a successful women's football team having won their league a record seven times, the last being the 2008-09 season. The women's team has also won three Challenge de France titles.
The club's nickname, Les Gones, means "The Kids" in Lyon's regional dialect of Arpitan language.
13. Porto
Porto is a Portuguese football team from the city of Porto, in the northern region of the country. Founded in Porto in 1893, it is one of the Três Grandes, or Big Three, football clubs in Portugal, with Sport Lisboa e Benfica and Sporting Clube de Portugal being the other two clubs, FC Porto's two biggest rivals.
FC Porto is an internationally lauded team, with a national record of six international titles, becoming European and World Champions twice each in the 1987 and 2004 seasons. In 1987, FC Porto also gained the UEFA Supercup (another first for Portugal) and, in 2004, it brought Portugal's first UEFA Champions League trophy, making FC Porto the most successful club internationally in Portugal. In 1987, FC Porto became one of a few teams in the World to hold in possession three major international titles simultaneously (the only one in Portugal). Domestically they hold the best record of five titles in a row, having won the Portuguese Liga 24 times. Other titles won by the club include the Portuguese Cup 15 times and Portuguese Supercup 17 times (59 national titles).
The football home ground is the Estádio do Dragão, which replaced the previous home, Estádio das Antas, in 2003. A new multi-sport arena near the stadium was recently completed to harbour FC Porto's other sports such as the handball and basketball teams, which are regular contenders for the national titles and the roller hockey section, amongst the best in the sport worldwide. Supporters and players of the club are nicknamed Portistas.
FC Porto was founded in the northern city of Porto on 28 September 1893 by wine-salesman António Nicolau de Almeida, who had his first contact with the game of football on one of his trips to England. The club was revived in 1906 by Monteiro da Costa.
Commercially, the club has several stores called Loja Azul (Blue Store) scattered around the city, including two used with official supplier Nike. Since 1994, a merchandising goods fair called Portomania is organized during the pre-season. FC Porto publishes one of the older club-related publications in Europe: a monthly 60-page full-colour magazine called Dragões (Dragons) that has existed since the early 1980s.
FC Porto played in the Portuguese championship 74 times, playing 2048 games, winning 1333, drawing 375, losing 340, scoring 4542 goals, and conceding 1909, having 3342 points as of the end of the 2007-08 season. They were also one of the founding members of the now disbanded G-14.
14. Real Madrid
Real Madrid is a professional association football club based in Madrid, Spain. It is the most successful team in Spanish football and was voted by FIFA as the most successful club of the 20th century, having won a record 31 La Liga titles, 17 Spanish "Copa del Rey" Cups, 8 Spanish Supercups, 1 Copa Eva Duarte, a record 9 UEFA Champions Leagues, 2 UEFA Cups, 1 UEFA Supercup, and 3 Intercontinental Cups. Real Madrid was a founding member of FIFA and the now-defunct G-14 group of Europe's leading football clubs as well as its replacement, the European Club Association. The word "Real" in the club's name is the Spanish term for "royal", and was given by the King in 1920 together with the royal crown in the emblem - several teams in Spain have got this royal distinction: Real Sociedad, Real Unión de Irún, Real Betis, and Real Zaragoza.
Founded in 1902, Real Madrid has spent its entire history in La Liga, the top league of Spanish football. In the 1940s, the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium and the Ciudad Deportiva had to be rebuilt following the Spanish Civil War. The club established itself as a major force in both Spanish and European football during the 1950s. In the 1980s, the club had one of the best teams in Spain and Europe (known as La Quinta del Buitre), winning two UEFA Cups, five consecutive Spanish championships, one Spanish Cup and three Spanish Super Cups.
The team's traditional home colors are all white, although it initially adopted a blue oblique stripe on the shirt. Its crest has been changed several times in attempts to modernise or re-brand it. The current crest is a modified version of the one first adopted in the 1920s. Real Madrid's home ground is the 80,354-seater Santiago Bernabéu football stadium in downtown Madrid, where it has played since 1947.
Real Madrid holds long-standing rivalries with other football clubs, most notably FC Barcelona, with matches between the two teams referred to as "el Clásico". Unlike most European football clubs, Real Madrid's members (socios) have owned and operated the club since its inception. The club is the world's richest football club (€401m) in terms of revenue and the second most valuable and was worth over €950m in 2008. Santiago Bernabeu Stadium held the final of the UEFA Champions League in 2010 which was won by Internazionale.
15. Roma (AS ROMA)
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Roma is an Italian professional football club from Rome. Founded by a merger in 1927, Roma have participated in the top-tier of Italian football for all of their existence bar one season in the early 50s (1951-52). For their 58th season in a row (77th overall), Roma have competed in Serie A for 2009-10.
Roma have won Serie A three times, first in 1941-42 then in 1982-83 and again in 2000-01, as well as winning nine Coppa Italia titles and two Italian Super Cups. On the European stage Roma won an Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1960-61, coming close to European Cup/UEFA Champions League glory in 1983-84 (lost the one-legged final played at home against Liverpool after a penalty shootout), and finishing as runners-up in the UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League for 1990-91 (two-legged aggregate defeat against Internazionale).
Home games are currently played at the Stadio Olimpico, a venue they share with city rivals Lazio. With a capacity of over 72,000, it is the second largest of its kind in Italy, with only San Siro able to seat more. In September 2009 the club unveiled plans to build a new 55,000-capacity stadium in the western suburbs of Rome. Its design will be modeled after English football stadiums with the objective being to give fans a closer view of the pitch.
16. Valencia
Valencia is a Spanish professional football club based in Valencia, Spain. They play in La Liga and are one of the most successful and biggest clubs in Spanish football. Valencia have won six La Liga titles, seven Copa del Rey trophies, two Fairs Cups which was the predecessor to the UEFA Cup, one UEFA Cup, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, two UEFA Super Cups and two Spanish Super Cups. They have also reached two UEFA Champions League finals in a row, losing to La Liga rivals Real Madrid in 2000 and then German club Bayern Munich in 2001. Valencia were also members of the G-14 group of leading European football clubs. In total, Valencia have reached seven major European finals, winning four of them.
In the all-time La Liga table, Valencia is in 3rd position behind Real Madrid and FC Barcelona. In terms of continental titles, Valencia is again the 3rd-most successful behind Real Madrid and Barcelona - these three being the only Spanish clubs to have won five or more continental trophies.
Valencia were founded in 1919, and have played their home games at the 55,000-seater Estadio Mestalla since 1923. They are soon to move into the 75,000-seater Nou Mestalla in the north-west of the city in 2011. Valencia have a long-standing rivalry with Levante, also located in Valencia, and with another club in the Valencian Community region, Villarreal.
Valencia are the third most supported football club in Spain, only behind Real Madrid and FC Barcelona. It is also one of the biggest clubs in the world in terms of number of associates (registered paying supporters), with more than 50,000 season ticket holders and another 20,000+ season ticket holders on the waiting list, which will come into effect once the new 75,000-seater stadium is built.
The Divisons up for debate.
Olympique Lyon
Dynamo Kyiv
Real Madrid
Barcelona FC
Bayern Munich
Manchester City
Manchester United
AC Milan
Inter Milan
On the Bubble could make the second league or move and take a spot from the others. (I'll make this short because I could go on all day) In no particular order.
Tottenham Hotspur, Newcastle United, Schalke 04, Hamburg SV, Rangers, Celtic, West Ham United, Benfica, Shakatar Donetsk, Olympique Marseille, Ajax, VFL Wolfsburg, AZ Alkmaar, Atletico Madrid, Everton
I know there might be less then .05% of this happening. I'm just writing it to keep people entertained.


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Sol M. Shatz, Shengru Tu, Tadao Murata, Sastry Duri, "An Application of Petri Net Reduction for Ada Tasking Deadlock Analysis," IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 1307-1322, December, 1996.
@article{ 10.1109/71.553301,
author = {Sol M. Shatz and Shengru Tu and Tadao Murata and Sastry Duri},
title = {An Application of Petri Net Reduction for Ada Tasking Deadlock Analysis},
journal ={IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems},
volume = {7},
number = {12},
issn = {1045-9219},
year = {1996},
pages = {1307-1322},
doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/71.553301},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
RefWorks Procite/RefMan/Endnote
JO - IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
TI - An Application of Petri Net Reduction for Ada Tasking Deadlock Analysis
A1 - Sol M. Shatz,
A1 - Shengru Tu,
A1 - Tadao Murata,
A1 - Sastry Duri,
KW - Ada tasking
KW - deadlock analysis
KW - Petri nets
KW - net reduction
KW - reachability analysis
KW - concurrent software.
JA - IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Abstract—As part of our continuing research on using Petri nets to support automated analysis of Ada tasking behavior, we have investigated the application of Petri net reduction for deadlock analysis. Although reachability analysis is an important method to detect deadlocks, it is in general inefficient or even intractable. Net reduction can aid the analysis by reducing the size of the net while preserving relevant properties. We introduce a number of reduction rules and show how they can be applied to Ada nets, which are automatically generated Petri net models of Ada tasking. We define a reduction process and a method by which a useful description of a detected deadlock state can be obtained from the reduced net's information. A reduction tool and experimental results from applying the reduction process are discussed.
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[16] J.C. Corbett, "Identical Tasks and Counter Variables in an Integer Programming-Based Approach to Verification," Proc. Seventh Int'l ACM Workshop Software Specification and Design, pp. 100-109, Dec. 1993.
[17] M.B. Dwyer, L.A. Clarke, and K.L. Nies, "A Compact Petri Net Representation for Concurrent Programs," Proc. 17th Int'l Conf. Software Eng., pp. 147-158, Apr. 1995.
[18] R. Enders, T. Filkorn, and D. Taubner, "Generating BDDs for Symbolic Model Checking in CCS," Proc. Workshop Computer Aided Verification (CAV), pp. 263-278, 1991.
[19] J. Burch, E. Clarke, K. McMillan, D. Dill, and L. Hwang, "Symbolic Model Checking: 1020States and Beyond," Proc. IEEE Symp. Logic in Computer Science, pp. 428-439, 1990.
[20] A. Valmari, "A Stubborn Attack on State Space Explosion," Proc. Workshop Computer-Aided Verification, LNCS 531, pp. 156-165.New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991. Also in Formal Methods in System Design. Kluwer Academic Publishers, vol. 1, 1992, pp. 297-322.
[21] P. Godefroid and P. Wolper, "Using Partial Orders for the Efficient Verification of Deadlock Freedom and Safety Properties," Formal Methods in System Design, pp. 149-164, Apr. 1993.
[22] P.H. Starke, "Reachability Analysis of Petri Nets Using Symmetries," Systems Analysis, Modeling, and Simulation, vol. 8, pp. 293-303, 1991.
[23] S. Duri, U. Buy, R. Devarapalli, and S.M. Shatz, "Application and Experimental Evaluation of State Space Reduction Methods for Deadlock Analysis in Ada," ACM Trans. Software Eng. and Methodology, pp. 340-380, vol. 3, no. 4, Oct. 1994.
[24] J.L. Peterson, Petri Net Theory and the Modeling of Systems.Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1981.
[25] K. Gostelow, V. Cerf, G. Estrin, and S. Volansky, "Proper Termination of Flow-of Control in Programs Involving Concurrent Processes," Proc. ACM Ann. Conf., vol. II, pp. 742-754,Boston, Aug. 1972.
[26] G. Berthelot, "Checking Properties of Nets Using Transformations," Advances in Petri Nets, vol. 222, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 19-40. Springer-Verlag, 1987.
[27] T. Murata, "Petri Nets: Properties, Analysis and Application," Proc. IEEE, vol. 77, no. 4, 1989.
[28] U.S. Dept. of Defense, Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language, ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A-1983, Feb.17, 1983.
[29] D. Helmbold and D. Luckham, "Debugging Ada Tasking Programs," IEEE Software, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 47-57, Mar. 1985.
[30] E.T. Morgan and R.R. Razouk, "Interactive State-Space Analysis of Concurrent Systems," IEEE Trans. on Software Eng., vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 1080-1091, 1987.
[31] M. Young, R.N. Taylor, K. Forester, and D. Brodbeck, "Integrated Concurrency Analysis in a Software Development Environment," R.A. Kemmerer, ed., Proc. Third Symp. Software Testing, Analysis and Verification, ACM SIGSOFT, pp. 200-209, 1989. Appeared as Software Engineering Notes, vol. 14, no. 8.
[32] M. Young, R. Taylor, D. Levine, K. Forester, and D. Brodbeck, "A Concurrency Analysis Tool Suite: Rationale, Design, and Preliminary Experience," Technical Report TR-128-P, Software Eng. Research Center, Purdue Univ., Oct. 1992.
[33] S. Duri, U. Buy, R. Devarapalli, and S.M. Shatz, "Using State Space Reduction Methods for Deadlock Analysis in Ada Tasking," Proc. Int'l Symp. Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA), Ostrand and Weyuker, eds., [37], pp. 51-60,New York: ACM Press, June 1993.
[34] A. Valmari and M. Tienari, "An Improved Failures Equivalence for Finite-State Systems with a Reduction Algorithm," Proc. 11th IFIP Working Group 6.1 Symp. Protocol Specification, Testing and Verification. pp. 3-18.Stockholm, Sweden: North-Holland, June 1991.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Apple releases iPhones once a year and today's the day.
It's thought there will be two new iPhone models today, the iPhone 5S, a faster model and the cheaper iPhone 5C which is thought to be plastic and come in several different colors.
The announcement is at noon today. I'll be updating the Bizbeat blog as quickly as I can during the event.
What's not known is if Apple has anything else up its sleeve today. Perhaps new iPads? Updated iMacs? An update on the soon-to-be-released Mac Pro?
We do know iOS 7, an updated operating system for iPhones and iPads will be released along with the new phones, so at least most iPhone users can have the experience of a new phone, even if they aren't ready to buy the newest offering.


text:
STARmeterTop 5000
Down 242 this week
Diane Keaton
Diane Keaton was a California native who studied Drama at Santa Ana College before dropping out to study at the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York. After appearing in summer stock for several months, she got her first major stage role in the Broadway rock musical "Hair." As understudy to the lead, she gained attention by not removing any of her ... See full bio »
Born:Diane Hall
in Los Angeles, California, USA
More at IMDbPro » Contact Info: View agent and legal
Represent Diane Keaton? Add or change photos


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text:
This insightful and highly accurate reading allows you to look in the cosmic mirror by interpreting the astrological influences that occurred the moment you were born. Gain a better understanding of yourself and your relationship with the world around you, and open yourself to personal improvement and self-discovery.
"This report is wonderfully written. The scope of the information is so broad and enlightening. This is the best I've seen on myself and emphasizing the positive and even shows how to turn negatives into positives. I want to treat my friends to one of these on their birthdays, it is THAT good. Keep up the good work, this is so valuable in helping others. Thank you kindly."
-- Sheila, U.S.
"Really excellent reading. Lucid, penetrating; the astrologer has really made a huge effort to produce something of quality. I related to most of what was said and I haven't come across such insightful readings before."
-- Claire, Australia
"I was very surprised by the in-depth analysis of this reading. It really gave a very distinct and descriptive analysis of my true nature and included great advice for facing my demons."
-- Shannon, U.S.
"Really excellent reading. I related to most of what was said and I haven't come across such insightful readings before."


text:
Today, CVS announced plans to
phase out the sale of cigarettes and tobacco products by October.
Although CVS expects to lose $2 billion in annual revenue by the move, CEO Larry Merlo says, "Cigarettes have no place in an environment where health care is being delivered. This is the right decision at the right time as we evolve from a drugstore into a health-care company."
Touché, Mr. Merlo.
Now, I only hope other 'health-care' companies follow suit.
According to their company website, Walgreens' mission is "to be the first choice in health and daily living for everyone in America, and beyond."
I cannot see how cigarettes logically fit in there.
Last year, a Walgreens' spokesman defended the company's sale of tobacco products, saying they would "be at a tremendous competitive disadvantage if we didn't offer them."
With CVS taking 7,600 stores out of this competition, this argument has lost a bit of its punch.
I'm not advocating that we outlaw tobacco—my European visitors would be horrified —but I do think we should leave the tobacco to the tobacconists.
No teetotaler, I'll admit to more than a twinge of envy when I see characters on shows like 'Mad Men' and people in old photos smoking in oblivious bliss to the horrors of tobacco.
In real life, every time I see a teenager smoking these days, I think "what a moron. They know the score.'
Yet is is ridiculous that these killers, cigarettes, are sold in places like Rite Aid or other retailers that purport to be about your health.
Condolences to anyone who feels the erosion of smokers' rights puts us in a nanny state. It appears as though we need it.


text:
1. Status of French at the United Nations
3. Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
French is one of the six official United Nations languages, along with English, Spanish, Chinese Russian (in accordance with UNGA resolution 2 (I) of 1 February 1946), and Arabic (introduced as the 6th official language in 1973 through resolution 3191). French is used in the various meetings of the UN organs, in particular at the General Assembly, as stipulated under article 51 of its rules of procedure, as is the case for the Security Council. It is also used in official documents. Texts in the six languages are deemed equally authentic. This has given rise to difficulties, the most well-known example concerning Security Council resolution 242 (1967) relating to the Palestinian Occupied Territories in which the French and English versions were subject to differences in interpretation ("from occupied territories" vs. "des territoires occupés").
French is, along with English, one of the two working languages of the United Nations Secretariat.
During the general debate of the 66th session of the United Nations General Assembly in September 2011, of the 72 Member States of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) as well as associated and observer States, 22 spoke only in French (Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Comoros, the Congo, DRC, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, France, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Luxembourg, Mali, Monaco, Niger, Senegal, Switzerland, Chad and Togo), five partially in French (Belgium, Cambodia, Greece, Mauritius and Romania ), 21 speakers used English and 21 used other languages. The Secretary-General, Mr. Ban Ki-moon, gave an opening address in the two working languages, as is the custom. The President of the European Council, Mr. Herman Van Rompuy also combined French and English. 34 UN member states have also distributed a French version of their speeches.
A. OIF - UN cooperation
Relations between the OIF and the United Nations are governed by a series of biennial resolutions, the most recent being resolution A/RES/65/263, adopted in a plenary meeting on 14 January 2011, on "cooperation between the UN and the OIF."
The OIF contributes to the UN's objectives in many fields of work. This cooperation focuses on two main areas: the prevention of conflict and support for democracy. In the resolution, the General Assembly welcomed the "new impetus" given to the participation of States members of the OIF in peacekeeping operations as well as its participation in the Peacebuilding Commission's work on Burundi, Guinea-Bissau and the Central African Republic.
The UN and the OIF also coordinate their actions in the areas of cultural and linguistic diversity and dialogue among cultures and civilizations. The two organizations work together in order to deal with the challenges of the financial and food crises and to fully mobilize the strengths and determination of the members in order to ratify the international instruments relative to the environment. The resolution recalls the commitments made by the members States of the OIF during the Montreux Summit (see below);
The OIF and the UN also strengthened their cooperation in an area in which la Francophonie had long ago proven its worth: electoral observation and assistance, with several joint operations in francophone countries, as for example in December 2009 in the Comoros for the general elections, in Guinea for the 2010 elections, or in the Central African Republic for the preparation of the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2011.
As a token of this cooperation, an informal ministerial consultation of the Francophonie was held during the High Level Segment of the UN General Assembly on 20 September 2011, in the presence of the UN Secretary General and representatives of international and regional partners of OIF (African Union, Arab League, UNESCO and the High Commissioner for Human Rights) on the theme of "political transitions in the Francophone ". The meeting identified areas for action that can support the transition process currently being experienced by several francophone countries in Africa and the Arab world.
B. Permanent Representation of the OIF to the UN
The OIF, along with about 10 other regional organizations, has the status of observer at the United Nations and has a permanent office in New York.
At the Hanoi Summit, the Heads of State and Government established the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie; the Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation had been the main operator of the OIF. In 1998, the General Assembly, through its decision 53/543 took note of this transformation and conferred the OIF with the status of observer that it had given to the ACCT in November 1978.
The Permanent Representation of the OIF to the United Nations organizes and monitors francophone presence at the UN and regularly arranges meetings of ambassadors from francophone countries, as well as meetings of young francophone experts, in order to mobilize them with regard to the importance of linguistic diversity and the advantages of ensuring the presence of the French language on the international stage.
Contact information for the Permanent Representation of the OIF to the United Nations in New York:
801, 2nd Avenue, suite 605, New York (NY) 10017, United States
Tel: (1 212) 867 6771
Fax: (1 212) 867 3840
Email: email@example.com
Permanent Representative: Mr. Moussa-Makan Camara
C. Group of Francophone Ambassadors
The Group of Francophone Ambassadors in New York provides a flexible framework for discussion and exchanges for all of the permanent representatives of the member countries of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. It provides a unique forum for consultations between the ambassadors and experts with the aim of establishing common positions on certain issues and providing guidelines for conducting negotiations on points of common interest, taking into account the goals, principles and recommendations of the OIF.
In order to enhance the effectiveness of its actions, the group set up an office chaired by France's Permanent Representative which includes, among others, the representative of the country hosting the OIF Summit (Canada in 2008), as well as representatives of the various regions.
The group also established watchdog groups, coordinated by members of this office. These watchdog groups focus on specific topics such as peacekeeping, democracy and the rule of law, multilingualism and strengthening francophone actions; they are think tanks whose role is to make recommendations to the group which may in return to ask them to undertake actions in their respective areas of expertise.
At the same time, this francophone cooperation makes it possible to introduce a sense of francophone solidarity within the framework of international negotiations at issue. This could be for example the election of a French speaker to a key position in a specialized institution, fund or program, or the adoption of a text proposed by a francophone country. For example in November 2009, the OIF welcomed the election of Lebanon to the Security Council.
Through this cooperation, French-speaking countries were also able to contribute to the adoption in 2005 of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions.
Francophone cooperation provides an opportunity to more effectively defend the French language within the United Nations. Thus, on 20 June 2006, the Group of Francophone Ambassadors in New York adopted the Charter "Promoting the French language at the UN." This charter aims to promote multilingualism, in particular the use of French within the United Nations, among all officials within the UN and the Missions accredited to the UN.
3. Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
A. Background
Institutional Francophonie aims to use the French language to promote solidarity, development and cooperation through continuous dialogue between civilizations.
This was the objective of the signing of the Convention establishing the Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT) in Niamey on 20 March 1970. This was a new intergovernmental organization based around a shared common language, French, tasked with promoting and spreading the culture of its members and strengthening cultural and technical cooperation between them. Since the ACCT was established, the francophone project has continued to develop and became the Intergovernmental Agency of la Francophonie in 1998 and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie in 2005.
Its political dimension is gradually establishing itself with the introduction in 1986 of regular Conferences of Heads of State and Government. There have been Conferences, also known as Francophonie Summits, at Versailles (1986), Quebec (1987), Dakar (1989), Paris (1991), Port-Louis (1993), Cotonou (1995), Hanoi (1997), Moncton (1999), Beirut (2002), Ouagadougou (2004), Bucharest (2006), Quebec (2008), Montreux (2010). The next summit will take place in 2012 in Kinshasa.
B. Overview
The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie has 54 full member States and governments, 3 associated States and 20 observers. The political dimension was formally integrated into the institutional structure of la Francophonie at the Hanoi Summit in 1997 and a secretary-general was elected. The position of Secretary-General was first held by Boutros Boutros-Ghali, then by President Abdou Diouf from 2002, whose mandate was extended until 2014 at Montreux. The decision to merge political actions (responsibility of the Secretary-General) and cooperation (responsibility of the AIF - Intergovernmental Agency of la Francophonie) within a single institution was taken at the Ouagadougou Summit in 2004 and became reality when the Francophonie Charter was revised at the Ministerial Conference in Antananarivo on 24 November 2005.
The OIF is involved in the activity of its four operators (the Francophone University Agency (AUF), the International Association of Francophone Mayors (AIMF), the Senghor University of Alexandria, and TV5 Monde), the permanent ministerial conferences (that of Education, entitled CONFEMEN, and that of Youth and Sports, entitled CONFEJES), and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Francophonie, which has an advisory status.
On 20 March of each year, French speakers in every continent celebrate International Francophonie Day. 20 March commemorates the signing in 1970 in Niamey, Niger, of the treaty that founded the ACCT, which is now the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.
C. Objectives and missions of OIF
Francophonie's objectives are embodied in its Charter adopted in 1997 at the Summit meeting of the Heads of State and Government in Hanoi (Vietnam) and revised by the Ministerial Conference in 2005 in Antananarivo (Madagascar):
— Establishment and development of democracy,
— Prevention, management and settlement of conflicts, and support for the rule of law and human rights,
— Strengthening dialogue between cultures and civilizations,
— Strengthening their solidarity through multilateral cooperation aimed at promoting economic recovery,
— Promotion of education and training.
The principal missions of la Francophonie were defined within the Decennial Strategic Framework, which was adopted at the Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) Summit meeting of the Heads of State and Government in 2004 for the period 2005-2014. The OIF contributes to conflict prevention within the francophone world, supports the reinforcement of the rule of law and democracy, and takes action to promote and implement human rights. The Secretary-General's diplomatic action is now based on the political cooperation programs of the OIF, which are based on the Bamako Declaration (2000), and complemented by the Saint-Boniface Declaration. Provisions are notably provided for the suspension of cooperation programs in the case of violations of basic rights or the principles of democracy.
Regarding cooperation, the OIF aims to promote cultural diversity and the use of the French language among member countries and throughout the world. The OIF aims to stimulate education at all levels, the economy, and sustainable development. Within the framework of its missions, the OIF focuses special attention on women, young people, and civil society.
The OIF aims to influence current major global debates through discussion among francophone countries concerned with defending their common interests in the international scene, and through support for national politics, notably those of francophone countries in the southern hemisphere.
At the Montreux summit (Switzerland) on 23 and 24 October 2010, Heads of State and Government, at the call of the President of the Republic, took a stand for reform of global governance and focused on four priorities, of concern in particular to the G20 which France chairs in 2011:
— Reform of the international financial and monetary system, given the volatility of exchange rates,
— Initiatives against the volatility of prices of agricultural goods and energy,
— Urgent reform of the UN, particularly the UN Security Council
— Innovative Financing for Development, indispensable to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.
The rule of law and democracy were also debated, as Montreux marked the tenth anniversary of the Bamako Declaration. New commitments regarding women in armed conflict and freedoms on the Internet were adopted. Faced with the challenges of security and stability, the Summit confirmed the strengthening of Francophone participation in peacekeeping and the mobilization of the Francophonie for electoral support in member countries emerging from crisis.
Find all the documents adopted in Montreux on the Francophonie website (in French)
(October 2011)
22 September 2011 - Francophone reception - Statement by Mr. Alain Juppé, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs (in French)
20 September 2011 - Ministerial concertation on Francophonie - Statement by Mr. Alain Juppé, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs (in French)
24 September 2010 – Francophone reception – Statement by Mr. Bernard Kouchner, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs (in French)
9 September 2009- General Assembly - Resolution on multilingualism - Statement by the Delegation of France on behalf of the Francophone Group ( in French)
13 July 2011 - Resolution A/RES/65/31 on multilingualism
14 January 2011 - Resolution A/RES/65/263 - Cooperation between the UN and the OIF
23 October 2010 - 13th Francophonie Summit in Montreux - Speech delivered by President Sarkozy
30 September 2009 - Resolution on multilingualism A/RES/63/306
22 December 2008 - Resolution on Cooperation between the United Nations and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie - A/63/236
8 June 2007 - Resolution on multilingualism A/RES/61/266
20 June 2006 : Organisation internationale de la Francophonie: Charter "promote the French Language" (in French)
Consult the website of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
Consult the file on Francophonie on the French Foreign Ministry's website


text: St. Alphonsus Rodriguez House, at 304 Rossiter Avenue behind the tennis courts, is named for a 16th century Jesuit brother with a gift for hospitality. The house offers the Loyola community a warm and inviting space to gather for meetings, study sessions, prayer groups, dinners, cookouts, and more. Home cooked meals are offered every Wednesday evening, with advanced reservations, to groups of eight students interested in sharing good food and good conversation. For more information, to schedule use of the house, or to make a Tuesday dinner reservation, please contact Fr. Murray at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
So far, the Olympics have been an open invitation to China-bash, a bottomless excuse for Western journalists to go after the Commies on everything from internet censorship to
Like it or not, you are about to be awed by
The games have been billed as
The Beijing Olympics are themselves the perfect expression of this hybrid system. Through extraordinary feats of authoritarian governing, the Chinese state has built stunning new stadiums, highways and railways — all in record time. It has razed whole neighborhoods, lined the streets with trees and flowers and, thanks to an "anti-spitting" campaign, cleaned the sidewalks of saliva. The Communist Party of China even tried to turn the muddy skies blue by ordering heavy industry to cease production for a month — a sort of government-mandated general strike.
As for those Chinese citizens who might go off-message during the games — Tibetan activists, human right campaigners, malcontent bloggers — hundreds have been thrown in jail in recent months. Anyone still harboring protest plans will no doubt be caught on one of
The goal of all this central planning and spying is not to celebrate the glories of Communism, regardless of what
Chinese corporations financed by U.S. hedge funds, as well as some of American's most powerful corporations — Cisco, General Electric, Honeywell, Google — have been working hand in glove with the Chinese government to make this moment possible: networking the closed circuit cameras that peer from every other lamp pole, building the "Great Firewall" that allows for remote internet monitoring, and designing those self-censoring search engines.
By next year, the Chinese internal security market is set to be worth $33-billion. Several of the larger Chinese players in the field have recently taken their stocks public on
Much of the Chinese government's lavish spending on cameras and other surveillance gear has taken place under the banner of "Olympic Security." But how much is really needed to secure a sporting event? The price tag has been put at a staggering $12-billion — to put that in perspective,
What the Olympics have provided for Western firms is a palatable cover story for this chilling venture. Ever since the 1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre, U.S. companies have been barred from selling police equipment and technology to China, since lawmakers feared it would be directed, once again, at peaceful demonstrators. That law has been completely disregarded in the lead up to the Olympics, when, in the name of safety for athletes and VIPs (including George W. Bush), no new toy has been denied the Chinese state.
There is a bitter irony here. When Beijing was awarded the games seven years ago, the theory was that international scrutiny would force China's government to grant more rights and freedom to its people. Instead, the Olympics have opened up a backdoor for the regime to massively upgrade its systems of population control and repression. And remember when Western companies used to claim that by doing business in China, they were actually spreading freedom and democracy? We are now seeing the reverse: investment in surveillance and censorship gear is helping Beijing to actively repress a new generation of activists before it has the chance to network into a mass movement.
The numbers on this trend are frightening. In April 2007, officials from 13 provinces held a meeting to report back on how their new security measures were performing. In the province of Jiangsu, which, according to the South China Morning Post, was using "artificial intelligence to extend and improve the existing monitoring system" the number of protests and riots "dropped by 44 per cent last year." In the province of Zhejiang, where new electronic surveillance systems had been installed, they were down 30 per cent. In Shaanxi, "mass incidents" — code for protests — were down by 27 per cent in a year. Dong Lei, the province's deputy party chief, gave part of the credit to a huge investment in security cameras across the province. "We aim to achieve all day and all-weather monitoring capability," he told the gathering.
Activists in China now find themselves under intense pressure, unable to function even at the limited levels they were able to a year ago. Internet cafes are filled with surveillance cameras, and surfing is carefully watched. At the offices of a labor rights group in Hong Kong, I met the well-known Chinese dissident Jun Tao. He had just fled the mainland in the face of persistent police harassment. After decades of fighting for democracy and human rights, he said the new surveillance technologies had made it "impossible to continue to function in China."
It's easy to see the dangers of a high tech surveillance state in far off China, since the consequences for people like Jun are so severe. It's harder to see the dangers when these same technologies creep into every day life closer to home-networked cameras on U.S. city streets, "fast lane" biometric cards at airports, dragnet surveillance of email and phone calls. But for the global homeland security sector, China is more than a market; it is also a showroom. In Beijing, where state power is absolute and civil liberties non-existent, American-made surveillance technologies can be taken to absolute limits.
The first test begins today: Can China, despite the enormous unrest boiling under the surface, put on a "harmonious" Olympics? If the answer is yes, like so much else that is made in China, Police State 2.0 will be ready for export.
Read my full report on how U.S. corporations are helping to build China's high tech Police State in Rolling Stone.
The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism is now out in paperback. You can find extensive resources related to the book at www.shockdoctrine.org.


text:
The World : Europe : Netherlands : Rotterdam
The Townhall of Rotterdam
by Sven Fennema
Loading ...
Panoramic photo by Sven Fennema Taken 01:15, 21/02/2011 - Views
The Townhall of Rotterdam
The World > Europe > Netherlands > Rotterdam
The townhall of rotterdam
Panorama photography by Sven Fennema:
Projector Exhibition at the old City Hall of Rotterdam
Formula one cars (one shown here 9 times) racing through the city of Rotterdam during the Bavaria Cit...
This panorama shows the start of the Tour de France in Rotterdam, The Netherlands on the 4th of July ...
This panorama shows Hofplein in Rotterdam during sunset. Hofplein is one of the biggest roadcrossings...
This panorama shows the view from the Hofpoort in Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
flying at an altitude of 160ft above the St Laurensplaats, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Flying at an altitude of 90ft above the Grote Kerkplein, Rotterdam
Rooftopparty C&A, Rotterdam, Nieuwe Collectie,
Europe is generally agreed to be the birthplace of western culture, including such legendary innovations as the democratic nation-state, football and tomato sauce.
The word Europe comes from the Greek goddess Europa, who was kidnapped by Zeus and plunked down on the island of Crete. Europa gradually changed from referring to mainland Greece until it extended finally to include Norway and Russia.
Don't be confused that Europe is called a continent without looking like an island, the way the other continents do. It's okay. The Ural mountains have steadily been there to divide Europe from Asia for the last 250 million years. Russia technically inhabits "Eurasia".
Europe is presently uniting into one political and economic zone with a common currency called the Euro. The European Union originated in 1993 and is now composed of 27 member states. Its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium.
Do not confuse the EU with the Council of Europe, which has 47 member states and dates to 1949. These two bodies share the same flag, national anthem, and mission of integrating Europe. The headquarters of the Council are located in Strasbourg, France, and it is most famous for its European Court of Human Rights.
In spite of these two bodies, there is still no single Constitution or set of laws applying to all the countries of Europe. Debate rages over the role of the EU in regards to national sovereignty. As of January 2009, the Lisbon Treaty is the closest thing to a European Constitution, yet it has not been approved by all the EU states.
Text by Steve Smith.


text:
Department History
Much of the following, including most of the graphic images, comes from the Loyola University Archives, thanks to the kind assistance of the late Brother Michael Grace, S.J., Archivist.
Part One: From "Rational Psychology" to "Philosophy of Man"
The story of philosophy in the curriculum antedates that of the department of philosophy itself. When St Ignatius College (later Loyola University) received its charter in 1870, philosophy was part of the program for a bachelor's degree. The historical basis for including philosophy in the curriculum is the Ratio Studiorum, the commonly used term to designate the educational system of the Jesuits.
The Ratio Studiorum (Original title: Ratio atque institutio studiorum per sex patres ad id iussu R. P. Præpositi Generalis deputatos conscripta, 1586.)
This is an abbreviation of the official title, Ratio atque Institutio Studiorum Societatis Jesu, dating back to the sixteenth century. The method of teaching the higher branches of learning (theology, philosophy, and the sciences) was an adaptation of the system prevailing in the great Catholic universities of the time, especially in Paris, where St. Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuits, and his first companions had studied. The Ratio of 1599 provided for study of the texts of Aristotle in philosophy and St. Thomas in theology. The "revised" Ratio of 1832 provided for the use of "textbooks" in place of the original writings. These textbooks were organized according to the division of the areas of philosophy as found in the German scholastic textbooks of Christian Wolff, with variations based on the writings of St. Thomas Aquinas, O.P. (a Dominican) and their interpretation by Francisco Suarez, S.J. (a Jesuit).
The 1884 catalogue of Loyola's College of Arts and Sciences describes the Bachelor of Arts degree as including logic, metaphysics, ethics, and natural philosophy. At that time, "philosophy" included mathematics, mechanics and astronomy, and religion (all of these areas were required). By 1909 philosophy for students in their sophomore year included dialectics and applied logic; in junior year, general metaphysics, cosmology, and psychology; in senior year, natural theology, ethics, and applied ethics. A course of study, available to those with a Bachelor of Arts, led to a Master's degree (provided that the faculty believed the candidates' character warranted the advanced degree) and included formal logic, epistemology, philosophy of man, and the structure of society leading to its betterment. By 1911, the philosophy requirement achieved the general shape it would retain for a number of years: logic and epistemology, ontology (general metaphysics), cosmology, rational psychology, and natural theology (the last three considered "special metaphysics"), and general and applied ethics. Two faculty members taught the whole philosophy curriculum.
Arnold Damen, S.J. (1815-1890) Founder of Ignatius Academy, later Loyola University Chicago
Although Philosophy was part of the curriculum from the beginning of St. Ignatius College, the first mention of a "department" appears in 1931. Between 1884 and 1931 there was little variation in the size of the department (related, of course, to the small total enrollment). This is evidenced in the meeting of March 16, 1931 of the combined "Philosophy and Psychology Department" involving three full-time faculty; this meeting recommended that the two departments be separated. The following fall, five faculty discussed identifying the subject matter of the two courses, "general psychology" and "rational psychology," still listed as Philosophy courses.
It was not until March 8, 1934 that the original proposal of Rev. John McCormick, S.J. (Head of the Philosophy department) that "Rational Psychology," a required course, be transferred to the Psychology department (first headed by Rev. Charles Doyle, S.J.) was implemented, in order that the Psychology department could have a presence in the required curriculum. This arrangement continued until February 15, 1966, when Rational Psychology was "returned" to the Philosophy Department (then chaired by Francis J. Catania), restructured and renamed as "Philosophy of Man." In the 1950's, the Philosophy requirement had been Logic, Metaphysics, Natural Theology, Ethics, and Social Ethics (with Rational Psychology being taught by the Psychology Department). In 1967, Philosophy of Man replaced Logic as the first course; the remaining courses being Metaphysics, Natural Theology renamed as Philosophy of God, one course in Ethics, plus an elective Philosophy course. This remained the requirement until 1971.
Cudahay Science Building (1909), one of first on Lake Shore Campus.
The minutes of Philosophy Department meetings from 1931 up to the present are replete with discussions of the curriculum: should all undergraduates be required to take philosophy; what courses to require, what electives, what courses for the major, what should be taught in the courses, and so on. These were issues across all the Jesuit colleges in the United States at that time. At Loyola, as at other Jesuit Colleges and Universities, Philosophy was the principal vehicle for transmitting the Catholic intellectual tradition as well as for providing a language and modes of reasoning that would enable students to discuss ethical issues with those who did not share their faith. At Loyola there was no "Theology Department" as such; instead there were required courses in "Religion," with one two-hour course required for each semester a student was registered. However, this positioning of Philosophy was a matter of continual review. In 1941, for example, the Jesuit Philosophical Association requested a report from all philosophy departments on the theme: "The Function of Philosophy in Jesuit Colleges." Rev. William Wade, S.J., of St. Louis University wrote the position paper inviting reactions. The December 3, 1941 meeting of Loyola's department includes the following entry: "The Department fully agrees with Fr. Wade's recommendation that a return be made to the study of texts of Aristotle and St. Thomas as insisted upon in the Ratio Studiorum of 1599 instead of following the exclusively "textbook" methods specified in the unofficial Ratio of 1832." The fact is, however, that this very point was revisited in the department meeting of February 4, 1942, where courses using the texts of Aristotle and St. Thomas were advised only for "the better students" in "special sections."
While graduate courses and a Master of Arts degree go back to the nineteenth century, the first mention of a Ph.D. program in Philosophy is found in the Graduate School catalogue of 1933. One of the issues in offering a Ph.D. program was the availability of faculty to teach in it. The first faculty were all Jesuits, the whole curriculum being taught by two to five professors even when the Ph.D. program was first introduced. By 1942 (when Rev. John Wellmuth, S.J. became Chair), the department numbered 14 (6 Jesuits and 8 laypersons); in 1947 (Rev. J.V. Kelly, S.J., Chair) 20 faculty (10 Jesuits, 10 laypersons); in 1950 (Rev. Jeremiah O'Callaghan, Chair) 24 faculty (10 Jesuits, 14 laypersons); in 1959 (Rev. Robert Mulligan, S.J., Chair) 27 faculty (14 Jesuits, 13 laypersons); about the same size through the1960's (Rev. F. Torrens Hecht, S.J., Chair, followed at the end of the decade by Dr. Francis J. Catania). The trends seem clear: as the University grew, the philosophy faculty grew as well, with the number of laypersons becoming larger. In 1950, the department proposed dropping the Ph.D. program from the catalogue. The words "drop from the catalogue" turned out to be significant, since some fifteen years later the Chair, Fr. Hecht, was able to argue that the Ph.D. program be "reinstated" rather than be approved as a "new" program.
John McCormick, S.J. (1870-1941), the first chairman of the Loyola philosophy department
If we track what was being taught from 1870 to the 1950's, we find that the Ratio Studiorum provided the central rationale for the importance of philosophy in the curriculum, reflecting not only the fact that St. Ignatius College/Loyola University is Jesuit, but also that its first faculty were Jesuits educated under the rubrics of the Ratio. As the size and diversity of the faculty grew, influences on the content of courses became diversified as well: the addition of more laypersons, at first many with backgrounds in and from Jesuit universities; then more from non-Jesuit universities but most (including Jesuits) with research Ph.D. degrees in their own backgrounds who expanded the sources from which the courses were developed. Interestingly, one impetus for development of courses comes from the Ratio itself, which explicitly declared that changes in the curriculum could be introduced according to the special needs and circumstances of different countries and times. Here we may recall Fr. Wade's proposal that the philosophy curriculum return to the 1599 Ratio's emphasis on original texts and away from reliance on "textbooks." Under the Chairmanship of Father Mulligan, the department minutes record a dramatic increase in the number of visiting scholars, professional meetings, and concerns about the variety of opinions within the department. But with the actual Philosophy courses broadening and no longer centering on issues drawn from the texts of Aristotle and Aquinas, questions began to arise, within and outside the department, about the continued prominence of Philosophy in the curriculum. By 1968, Loyola's Philosophy department had grown to 33 faculty (6 Jesuits, 2 other priests, 25 laypersons), the largest Philosophy department in the country, with the first layperson (Dr. Catania) to chair a Philosophy department in a Jesuit university.
In this story, "Rational Psychology" might be thought of as symbolizing a traditional, "textbook scholasticism." Its virtues were embodied in a coherent, systematic course of study, expressing the pedagogical principle that the student of philosophy benefits from learning one systematic position well, in the light of which other positions could be assessed. "Philosophy of Man" might be thought of as symbolizing not a break with, but rather a development of the past. The image here is a curve in a road that straightens out in a somewhat different direction. Intellectual virtues became more exploratory, evoking the theme of "opening windows" in Vatican Council II, which encouraged the faculty to bring diverse positions alongside each other and nudge their students to discover underlying issues through critical comparison.
Part Two: Issues of "Required Electives"
Once the connection, real or perceived, had been loosened between the philosophy requirement and the Ratio Studiorum, the Philosophy Department found itself in a defensive position. Its privileged position in the university's "core curriculum" was subject to critique from both within and without the department. From the outside, science departments moved to increase the number of hours required for their majors in order to meet professional standards; replacing "core curriculum" hours with science hours seemed to be a way to do this. The fate of "Rational Psychology" is a case in point. This course, originally part of the Philosophy sequence, had been taught by the Psychology Department for more than 35 years. During that time the character, objectives, and faculty preparation of the Psychology Department had changed as the department moved into the mainstream of the discipline, becoming more behavior-oriented, statistical, experimental. The original objectives of "Rational Psychology" as part of the scholastic textbook tradition (where it dealt with the origin and destiny of the soul, the scholastic doctrine of "species," union of soul and body, as explained in the Philosophy Department minutes [December 13, 1931]) fell outside of the 1960's discipline of Psychology and of the preparation of the department's faculty. In those early days Rational Psychology was required of all undergraduates and was considered a "Philosophy" course even though it was administered by the Psychology Department. When it was proposed that the Philosophy Department "take back" the course, what exactly was it that was to be "taken back"? The name "Rational Psychology" belonged to the older, scholastic tradition which the Philosophy Department (as, in its own way, too, the Psychology Department) felt it had moved beyond. But the content of the course, namely, reflection on the nature of the human person, was a decidedly philosophical task. The Philosophy Department's taking back the course raised two significant issues: (1) how to describe the "new" course, entitled "Philosophy of Man," that was to be taught by the Philosophy Department, and (2) what to do with the three credit hours in the required undergraduate curriculum represented by Rational Psychology.
These two questions brought to the surface a curricular issue that was of deep importance not only for the Philosophy Department but also for the College of Arts and Sciences, the other undergraduate colleges of the university, and even the Board of Trustees itself: who "owns" the required Philosophy courses? Not surprisingly, the Philosophy Department claimed to have the professional expertise with respect to what counted as philosophy; the colleges claimed the right to determine what would be required for degrees that they administered, and the Board of Trustees claimed the right to protect the University's mission, in this case the implementation of those aspects of the Ratio Studiorum that were embodied in the Philosophy requirement.
At the same time, the Philosophy Department was going through its own internal struggle as the university's changing, much more diverse faculty faced questions about how to justify its large share of the required curriculum. The original justification of Philosophy, as conveying to students a rational structure of understanding that was consistent with the religious and theological traditions of the university as well as a means of discussing ethical issues with those who did not share their faith (embodied in scholasticism and neo-scholasticism), focused on the common, consistent, systematic content of the courses. The minutes of department meetings in the 50's record discussions of common examinations based on the use of common textbooks, equivalence to Loyola's courses of courses that transfer students brought to Loyola, and the place of "outside readings" in the required courses. As the department faculty recognized the diversity of its members and the expertise each brought to his/her teaching, emphasis shifted away from common content, understood as common philosophical positions, toward discussion of common issues. As one member of the department in the 50's put it with respect to the use of common examinations, each faculty member reading (and interpreting) the "common examination" taken by his/her own students is equivalent to writing his/her own examination questions.
Discussion of the structure and content of the Philosophy requirement continued into the 60's, reflecting the growth in size and diversity of the University as a whole and in the Philosophy Department itself. Taking over the teaching of "Rational Psychology" became a symbol of the more general changes taking place. Issues arose not only of course content, but also of the increasing requests by other departments of the College of Arts and Sciences for enhanced places in the core curriculum. Since it was no longer clear that the Philosophy courses that were actually taught reflected the original objectives of the "Ratio Studiorum," which linked the study of Philosophy to Catholic doctrine, it seemed that Philosophy no longer held a privileged position warranting such a relatively large role in the required curriculum. Under these circumstances, there was no chance that the Philosophy Department could add a sixth course (Rational Psychology or its replacement) to the five required courses it already administered. Instead, the question was what if any philosophy courses would be required of all undergraduate students. This question remained in flux over the next twelve years until in 1979 (under the Chairmanship of Kenneth Thompson) the required Philosophy curriculum took the form it carried into the 21st century.
The first move came in the middle '60s from the Philosophy Department itself, which decided to remove "Logic" and "Social Ethics" from the required set and to replace them with "Philosophy of Man" (the former "Rational Psychology" now transformed) as the first course and "an elective in Philosophy" as the last course: Philosophy of Man, Metaphysics, Philosophy of God, Ethics, and an elective chosen by the student from a range of Philosophy courses. This structure of 15 required hours remained until 1970.
Dumbach Hall at the beginning of the third millennium.
But the hold that Philosophy had on the curriculum by virtue of its connection to Loyola's mission underwent some change in understanding. A motion introduced in the Department meeting of February 21, 1968 expressed the issue: remove Philosophy from the required curriculum since its original justification (as a handmaiden to Scholastic Theology) no longer held. If Philosophy was to remain as part of the required curriculum, it must justify itself on the basis of its own value. The issue reflected the freedom of the individual to teach what he/she was professionally prepared to teach regardless of the demands of a required curriculum. This issue was compounded in the minds of some by the perceived expectation on the part of parents who sent their children to Loyola to be educated in their Catholic faith and in the philosophical foundations of that faith. This internal discussion, together with the interest on the part of other Arts and Sciences departments to reduce Philosophy's share of the required curriculum, led the Department to drop the "required elective" and to propose a 12 hour requirement to the Board of Undergraduate Studies. This 12-hour proposal received no support by the Board, which instead voted that the Philosophy requirement be reduced to 9 hours: Philosophy of Man and two other courses. This action of the Board of Undergraduate Studies went to the University Board of Trustees for final approval. The Department Chair appeared before the Board to explain Philosophy's presence in the required curriculum. The Trustees accepted the Board of Undergraduate Studies' action, which was supported by the Vice-President and Dean of Faculties and consistent with the Guidelines issued by the 1969 Jesuit Educational Association workshop regarding requiring Philosophy in Jesuit Colleges and Universities. The Trustees asked the Philosophy Department to propose how the 9 required hours (Philosophy of Man and two other courses) would be implemented.
It should be noted that in those days, the Board of Trustees was intimately concerned with curricular matters whenever the Board perceived that the University's mission was at stake. For instance, along with the Philosophy requirement, the Board also reviewed recommendations from the Academic Vice-President concerning elimination of the undergraduate comprehensive examinations and the dropping of Latin as a requirement for the A.B. degree.
Part Three: A Pluralistic Department
The action of the Board of Undergraduate Studies and the subsequent correspondence with the Vice-President and Dean of Faculties in proposing a nine-hour Philosophy requirement included a reference to the Philosophy Department's pluralism as a reason for cutting the hours. Because they held a range of attitudes about the purposes and values of a philosophic education, the department faculty members worked out a structure to accommodate that range.
Statue of St. Ignatius, west entrance Loyola University (Photo F.J. Catania)
The impetus came from those who wished to respond to parents expecting their children to receive an approach to Philosophy consistent with their religious beliefs. Thus was born the sequence: "Philosophy in a Christian Tradition" and included courses in Man, Being and God, and Ethics. In all, four such sequences of three courses were proposed, the others being: "Contemporary Philosophy" (Man, Religion, and Ethical Theories); "Historical Sequence" (Man in Ancient Philosophy, Medieval Philosophy, and Classical Modern Philosophy); and "Approaches to Philosophy" (Approaches to Man, to Truth, and to Value). In fact, the Department was so interested in correctly labeling the sequences that it proposed four separate "Philosophy of Man" courses, each with its own course number corresponding to the approach the sequence would take. The Board of Undergraduate Studies, however, rejected the separate "Philosophy of Man" designations (presumably for administrative reasons) and reaffirmed its original "Philosophy of Man and two other courses", while allowing the department to offer the courses in the sequences. These sequences were in effect until 1979, with a fifth sequence, "Philosophy and the Sciences" (Science, Technology and Man, Science and Knowledge, and Cosmology) being added in 1976.
The March 23, 1977 Department minutes report a motion made in the Academic Council of the College of Arts and Sciences to reduce the Philosophy requirement to six hours; the motion was defeated in the Council by one vote. The Council asked all departments having or desiring a presence in the core to provide a detailed rationale for each of the courses proposed for core credit. This inspired a long series of meetings in 1977 to consider the form, content, and justification of Philosophy's presence in the core curriculum.
The document of November, 1977, proposing the revised core included the following statement of objectives: "The core curriculum program in Philosophy is designed to help students develop the reflective ability and logical skills necessary for clear and careful reasoning, to acquaint them with basic and perennial philosophical questions and with classical and contemporary literature, and to encourage them to develop their own critically informed responses to these questions." The Department discussion culminated in solidifying the required courses to three "core areas": "Man" (eventually 'Human Nature'), "Knowledge and Reality;" and "Action and Value." The student was expected to take one course from each area, with several offered under different subheadings reflecting at least some of the undergraduate majors (e.g., Business, Health Care, Psychology, Science). The detailed rationale for each core-eligible course was so well-argued that its form was presented asa model for other departments to follow in their submission. The core proposal was accepted by the Academic Council and approved by the Dean in February, 1978.
With the main structure of the Philosophy requirement "settled" (despite recurring proposals on the part of Deans and other departments to "revise the core curriculum") for the rest of the century, the Department turned more fully to develop its scholarship and its doctoral program under the successive Chairmanships of Kenneth Thompson, Rev. Robert Harvanek, S.J., John Bannan, Arnold Vander Nat, and the current Chair, Paul Moser.
September, 2001


text:
Cuba (Softcover)
a month with the Fuji x100
By Sigurd N. Kristiansen
Photographs taken with the Fuji x100 during a months travel in Cuba in April 2011, depicting daily life and street scenes in La Habana, Viñales and Pinar del Rio.
Printed on wonderful ProLine Pearl Photo Paper to better reproduce the exceptional image quality from this fine little camera.
About the Author
Photography has been one of my greatest interests for more than 20 years, both professionally and as a hobby. I love travelling and the motivation for my photography is to try to discover the defining qualities of the country and culture I'm visiting.
Publish Date June 13, 2011
Dimensions Standard Portrait 80 pgs
ProLine Pearl Photo Paper
Category Arts & Photography
Tags Pinar del Rio, La Habana, photo, x100, fuji, photography, travel, Viñales, Havana, Cuba
sigurdk says
Thank you DAB4Y!
posted at 02:37am Jun 14 PST
DAB4Y says
Loved the cover.
posted at 04:48pm Jun 13 PST
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text:
SMYRNA, Del. (AP) - Wildlife officials have rescued two duck hunters whose boat capsized in the Woodland Beach marsh flats near Smyrna.
Fish and Wildlife Enforcement agents were on marine patrol about 9:30 a.m. Thursdays when they spotted two men in the water about 100 yards from shore.
Two agents pulled 36-year-old Mario Cipolla of New Castle and 24-year-old Kenneth Tolite of Wilmington aboard their boat. They were taken to shore and treated for hypothermia. Agents say Cipolla was cited for hunting with an unplugged shotgun.
The vessel has not been recovered, and the cause of the accident is under investigation.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


text:
Oh snap! The online "humor" site (and I use that term loosely here) The Onion has chimed in on the Atlanta Braves batting practice cap logo dispute, that was reportedly going to revive the old Screaming Indian. Here is what they said:
Braves general manager Frank Wren announced Wednesday that the team's new logo would feature a grim depiction of the numerous atrocities suffered by Native Americans on the Trail of Tears. "Since many felt that the screaming brave logo was offensive and insensitive, we decided that the Atlanta Braves' emblem should encapsulate the brutal forced relocation of Native Americans," said Wren, adding that the new symbol would feature a bleak illustration of starving members of the Cherokee nation succumbing to exposure and disease. "The young Cherokee girl dying from pneumonia at the center of the logo really captures the cruelty of forcibly removing Native Americans from their homelands to make room for white settlements. However, we feel that all 4,000 of the dead Native Americans in the design were rendered wonderfully." In related news, the Cleveland Indians announced plans to honor the plight and discrimination of Native Americans by continuing to use the same logo.
I mean, it's humor through absurdity, but that meme is a little played out. It's just so predictable and seems forced. And I'm not being negative because they're making fun of something I like, I would totally laugh it were truly original and funny.
I remember when The Onion used to be funny. Their online site seems to just throw everything out there without any regard to the quality of the humor.


text:
Welcome to the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Radiology website. Our Department of Radiology is a large complex enterprise with mature, fully developed clinical, research and educational components. This website focuses on the research and educational components of our Department while the clinical services are detailed on the UMass Memorial Medical Center website.
Our clinical faculty serves two major full-service hospital campuses with a broad array of complex tertiary care pathology in all the major medical and surgical disciplines including Trauma, Cancer, Cardiovascular, Brain and Stroke, Pediatrics, OB/GYN, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Diseases. We utilize advanced imaging technology throughout including fast CT scanners, digital mammography, bi-plane angiography, PET CT, and a high field 3.0 Tesla clinical MRI system scheduled to be installed in mid-2012. The department is fully digital with universal computed radiography, PACS, and voice recognition. Overall exam volume approaches 500,000 annually with approximately 35 FTE staff radiologists.
Education and Research activities of the Department are equally significant as you will see below. Our residents enjoy a formal American Board of Radiology based conference curriculum with both internal faculty and invited external speakers along with strong exposure to key areas including OB ultrasound, GI Fluoroscopy, Interventional, and independent night call responsibility. Most of our graduating residents find positions in fellowships of their choice.
The Research Program is world class with major laboratory facilities in high field MRI, Neurovascular/Stroke, Molecular Imaging, Digital Imaging, SPECT CT, and Biomarker probes. Overall there are some 25 full-time Basic Scientists, and our NIH funding for the year 2010 ranks us 23rd nationally among U.S. Radiology Departments.
Please enjoy the website and feel free to contact my office or any of our senior faculty for further information.


text:
PEKIN, Ill. -- Tazewell County is trying keep officials informed on the dangers of substance abuse following recent drug related deaths in Peoria earlier this month.
The Tazewell Teen Initiative hosted an Impact on Substance Abuse session earlier this afternoon with guest speaker and former federal and state prosecutor, Monte Stiles.
County officials said they are hoping to decrease crime and school drop-out rates by preventing early substance abuse in the county's youth.
"It's a time that we know teens may be starting to "use" with proms, graduation, and summer coming up," said Tazewell County Health Department Communications Manager, Sara Sparkman. It's a time that we want to get parents in the community involved to increase the awareness between them and their children."
Meanwhile, Stiles said new bills like medical marijuana are setting a double standard for communities.
"Because of these drug legalization campaigns, our children are being taught simultaneously that cigarettes kill them and marijuana heals them," said Stiles. "It's a tragedy. We are creating a society and a culture were increased use is happening because people are given the wrong messages."
Another community forum will be open to the public Tuesday night from 7:00 - 8:30 at Pekin Community High School Auditorium.


text: Bee Culture Magazine comes out once a month, but news and information is constant. To get you the very latest information from the world of beekeeping and all the things we touch as fast as possible, Catch The Buzz came to be. We routinely post articles of interest, news releases and other informational bits and pieces that never make it to the magazine. Maybe daily but at least a couple times a week. If you'd like to automatically receive these FREE POSTINGS via email, sign up by filling out the form below. Catch The Buzz ... Only From Bee Culture, the Magazine Of American Beekeeping.


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If you haven't been through downtown Phoenix lately, you may not recognize it.
For years, local officials have dreamed about creating a city center that would provide around the clock food and entertainment.
From the looks of it that dream is starting to come true.
"It was a ghost town before," said Maggie Hopkins, of Phoenix. "Now, there are things to do all the time."
"A comedy club, the bowling alley, the hotels. They are all springing up around the area," said Sam Timmons, of Scottsdale. "There's definitely a lot going on."
Many of the empty buildings and abandoned parking lots from the 1990s have been replaced by an assortment of shops, restaurants and hotels.
In the past five years, more that $4 billion in new investment money has poured into downtown Phoenix, helping to create three new hotels, at least 50 new restaurants, several new apartments and condos, and ASU's downtown campus.
One of the biggest new developments is City Scape, now considered the heart of downtown, with its assortment of office, retail and residential space.
Jo Marie McDonald is vice president of the Phoenix Community Alliance.
She said that city planners have had this vision for years, but only now is it starting to come together.
"The arts, culture, whether it's a ball game, sports or just going for a walk you want that kind of downtown," McDonald said. "We want a downtown that is for everybody. A place where you can be together, and we're on our way."
However, as different as downtown Phoenix looks now, there's more to come, said McDonald.
Construction is currently under way for 240 new luxury apartments high atop the Kimpton Hotel.
ASU is moving its law school downtown and there are plans in the works to attract a major grocery store.
"Downtown was very deserted 10 to 15 years ago," said McDonald. "Today, you don't see that."
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