text:
This section briefly describes each of the datasets used in this report: the School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study, the Supplementary Homicide Reports, the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System Fatal, the National Crime Victimization Survey, the School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the Schools and Staffing Survey, and the School Survey on Crime and Safety. Directions for obtaining more information are provided at the end of each description.
School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study
The School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study (SAVD) is an epidemiological study developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. Department of Justice. SAVD seeks to describe the epidemiology of school-associated violent deaths, identify common features of these deaths, estimate the rate of school-associated violent death in the United States, and identify potential risk factors for these deaths. The surveillance system includes descriptive data on all school-associated violent deaths in the United States, including all homicides, suicides , or legal intervention in which the fatal injury occurred on the campus of a functioning elementary or secondary school; while the victim was on the way to or from regular sessions at such a school; or while attending or on the way to or from an official schools-sponsored event. Victims of such events include nonstudents, as well as students and staff members. SAVD includes descriptive information about the school, event, victim(s), and offender(s). The SAVD Surveillance System has collected data from July 1, 1992, through the present.
SAVD uses a four-step process to identify and collect data on school-associated violent deaths. Cases are initially identified through a search of the LexisNexis newspaper and media database. Then law enforcement officials are contacted to confirm the details of the case and to determine if the event meets the case definition. Once a case is confirmed, a law enforcement official and a school official are interviewed regarding details about the school, event, victim(s), and offender(s). A copy of the full law enforcement report is also sought for each case. The information obtained on schools includes school demographics, attendance/absentee rates, suspensions/expulsions and mobility, school history of weapon-carrying incidents, security measures, violence prevention activities, school response to the event, and school policies about weapon carrying. Event information includes the location of injury, the context of injury (while classes were being held, during break, etc.), motives for injury, method of injury, and school and community events happening around the time period. Information obtained on victim(s) and offender(s) includes demographics, circumstances of the event (date/time, alcohol or drug use, number of persons involved), types and origins of weapons, criminal history, psychological risk factors, school-related problems, extracurricular activities, and family history, including structure and stressors.
One hundred and five school-associated violent deaths were identified from July 1, 1992, to June 30, 1994 (Kachur et al. 1996). A more recent report from this data collection identified 253 school-associated violent deaths between July 1, 1994, and June 30, 1999 (Anderson et al. 2001). Other publications from this study have described how the number of events change during the school year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2001), the source of the firearms used in these events (Reza et al. 2003), and suicides that were associated with schools (Kauffman et al. 2004). The most recent publication describes trends in school associated homicide from July 1, 1992, to June 30, 2006 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2008). The interviews conducted on cases between July 1, 1994, and June 30, 1999, achieved a response rate of 97 percent for police officials and 78 percent for school officials. For several reasons, all data for years from 1999 to the present are flagged as "subject to change". For some recent data, the interviews with school and law enforcement officials to verify case details have not been completed. The details learned during the interviews can occasionally change the classification of a case. Also, new cases may be identified because of the expansion of the scope of the media files used for case identification. Sometimes other cases not identified during earlier data years using the independent case finding efforts (which focus on nonmedia sources of information) will be discovered. Also, other cases may occasionally be identified while the law enforcement and school interviews are being conducted to verify known cases.
For additional information about SAVD, contact:
Jeff Hall
Division of Violence Prevention
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
4770 Buford Highway NE
Mailstop F63
Atlanta, GA 30341-3742
Telephone: (770) 488-4648
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR)
The Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR), which are a part of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program, provide incident-level information on criminal homicides, including situation (number of victims to number of offenders); the age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; types of weapons used; circumstances of the incident; and the relationship of the victim to the offender. The data are provided monthly to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) by local law enforcement agencies participating in the FBI's UCR program. The data include murders and nonnegligent manslaughters in the United States from January 1976 to December 2008; that is, negligent manslaughters and justifiable homicides have been eliminated from the data. Based on law enforcement agency reports, the FBI estimates that 644,554 murders (including nonnegligent manslaughters) were committed from 1976 to 2008. Agencies provided detailed information on 582,405 victims and 648,526 offenders.
About 90 percent of homicides are included in the SHR. However, adjustments can be made to the
weights to correct for missing reports. Estimates from the SHR used in this report were generated by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) using a weight developed by BJS that reconciles the counts of SHR homicide victims with those in the UCR for the 1992 through 2005 data years. The weight is the same for all cases for a given year. The weight represents the ratio of the number of homicides reported in the UCR to the number reported in the SHR. For additional information about SHR, contact:
Communications Unit
Criminal Justice Information Services Division
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Module D3
1000 Custer Hollow Road
Clarksburg, WV 26306
Telephone: (304) 625-4995
E-mail: email@example.com
Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System Fatal (WISQARSTM Fatal)
WISQARS Fatal provides mortality data related to injury. The mortality data reported in WISQARS Fatal come from death certificate data reported to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data include causes of death reported by attending physicians, medical examiners, and coroners. It also includes demographic information about decedents reported by funeral directors, who obtain that information from family members and other informants.
NCHS collects, compiles, verifies, and prepares these data for release to the public. The data provide information about what types of injuries are leading causes of deaths, how common they are, and who they affect. These data are intended for a broad audiencethe public, the media, public health practitioners and researchers, and public health officialsto increase their knowledge of injury.
WISQARS Fatal mortality reports provide tables of the total numbers of injury-related deaths and the death rates per 100,000 U.S. population. The reports list deaths according to cause (mechanism) and intent (manner) of injury by state, race, Hispanic origin, sex, and age groupings. For more information on
WISQARS Fatal, contact:
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
Mailstop K59
4770 Buford Highway NE
Atlanta, GA 30341-3724
Telephone: (770) 488-1506
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), administered for the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics by the U.S. Census Bureau, is the nation's primary source of information on crime and the victims of crime. Initiated in 1972 and redesigned in 1992, the NCVS collects detailed information annually on the frequency and nature of the crimes of rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault, theft, household burglary, and motor vehicle theft experienced by Americans and their households each year. The survey measures both crimes reported to police and crimes not reported to the police.
Readers should note that in 2003, in accordance with changes to the Office of Management and Budget's standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity, the NCVS item on race/ethnicity was modified. A question on Hispanic origin is followed by a question on race. The new question about race allows the respondent to choose more than one race and delineates Asian as a separate category from Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Analysis conducted by the Demographic Surveys Division at the U.S. Census Bureau showed that the new question had very little impact on the aggregate racial distribution of the NCVS respondents, with one exception. There was a 1.6 percentage point decrease in the percentage of respondents who reported themselves as White. Due to changes in race/ethnicity categories, comparisons of race/ethnicity across years should be made with caution.
There were changes in the sample design and survey methodology in the 2006 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) that impacted survey estimates. Due to this redesign, 2006 data are not presented in this indicator. Data from 2007 onward are comparable to earlier years. Analysis of the 2007 estimates indicate that the program changes made in 2007 had relatively small effects on NCVS changes. As discussed in Criminal Victimization, 2006 the substantial increases in victimization rates from 2005 to 2006 do not appear to be due to actual changes in crime during that period. The increases were attributed to the impact of methodological changes in the survey. For more information on the 2006 NCVS data, see Criminal Victimization, 2006 at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv06.pdf and the technical notes at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv06tn.pdf. The number of NCVS eligible households in sample in 2008 was about 42,000. They were selected using a stratified, multistage cluster design. In the first stage, the primary sampling units (PSUs), consisting of counties or groups of counties, were selected. In the second stage, smaller areas, called Enumeration Districts (EDs), were selected from each sampled PSU. Finally, from selected EDs, clusters of four households, called segments, were selected for interview. At each stage, the selection was done proportionate to population size in order to create a self-weighting sample. The final sample was augmented to account for households constructed after the decennial Census. Within each sampled household, U.S. Census Bureau personnel interviewed all household members age 12 and older to determine whether they had been victimized by the measured crimes during the 6 months preceding the interview.
The first NCVS interview with a housing unit is conducted in person. Subsequent interviews are conducted by telephone, if possible. About 67,000 persons age 12 and older are interviewed each 6 months. Households remain in the sample for 3 years and are interviewed seven times at 6-month intervals. Since the survey's inception, the initial interview at each sample unit has been used only to bound future interviews to establish a time frame to avoid duplication of crimes uncovered in these subsequent interviews. Beginning in 2006, data from the initial interview have been adjusted to account for the effects of bounding and included in the survey estimates. After their seventh interview, households are replaced by new sample households. The NCVS has consistently obtained a response rate of over 90 percent at the household level. The completion rates for persons within households in 2008 were about 86 percent. Weights were developed to permit estimates for the total U.S. population 12 years and older. For more information about the NCVS, contact:
Jennifer Truman
Victimization Statistics Branch
Bureau of Justice Statistics
U.S. Department of Justice
810 7th Street NW
Washington, DC 20531
Telephone: (202) 514-5083
E-mail: email@example.com
Internet: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov
Created as a supplement to the NCVS and code signed by the National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Justice Statistics, the School Crime Supplement (SCS) survey was conducted in 1989, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007 to collect additional information about school-related victimizations on a national level. This report includes data from the 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007 collections. The 1989 data are not included in this report as a result of methodological changes to the NCVS and SCS. The survey was designed to assist policymakers as well as academic researchers and practitioners at the federal, state, and local levels so that they can make informed decisions concerning crime in schools. The SCS asks students a number of key questions about their experiences with and perceptions of crime and violence that occurred inside their school, on school grounds, on a school bus, or on the way to or from school. Additional questions not included in the NCVS were also added to the SCS, such as those concerning preventive measures used by the school, students' participation in after school activities, students' perceptions of school rules, the presence of weapons and gangs in school, the presence of hate-related words and graffiti in school, student reports of bullying and reports of rejection at school, and the availability of drugs and alcohol in school, as well as attitudinal questions relating to fear of victimization and avoidance behavior at school.
In all SCS survey years through 2005, the SCS was conducted for a 6-month period from January to June in all households selected for the NCVS (see discussion above for information about the NCVS sampling design and changes to the race/ethnicity item made for 2003 onward). It should be noted that the initial NCVS interview has always been included in the SCS data collection. Within these households, the eligible respondents for the SCS were those household members who had attended school at any time during the 6 months preceding the interview, were enrolled in grades 6–12, and were not home schooled. In 2007, the questionnaire was changed and household members who attended school any time during the school year were included. The age range of students covered in this report is 12–18 years of age. Eligible respondents were asked the supplemental questions in the SCS only after completing their entire NCVS interview.
The prevalence of victimization for 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007 was calculated by using NCVS incident variables appended to the 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007 SCS data f1les. The NCVS type of crime variable was used to classify victimizations of students in the SCS as serious violent, violent, or theft. The NCVS variables asking where the incident happened and what the victim was doing when it happened were used to ascertain whether the incident happened at school. For prevalence of victimization, the NCVS definition of "at school" includes in the school building, on school property, or on the way to or from school. Only incidents that occurred inside the United States are included.
In 2001, the SCS survey instrument was modified from previous collections. First, in 1995 and 1999, "at school" was defined for respondents as in the school building, on the school grounds, or on a school bus. In 2001, the definition for "at school" was changed to mean in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. This change was made to the 2001 questionnaire in order to be consistent with the definition of "at school" as it is constructed in the NCVS and was also used as the definition in 2003, 2005, and 2007. Cognitive interviews conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau on the 1999 SCS suggested that modifications to the definition of "at school" would not have a substantial impact on the estimates.
A total of 9,700 students participated in the 1995 SCS, 8,400 in 1999, 8,400 in 2001, 7,200 in 2003, 6,300 in 2005, and 5,600 in 2007. In the 2007 SCS, the household completion rate was 90 percent. In the 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 SCS, the household completion rates were 95 percent, 94 percent, 93 percent, 92 percent, and 91 percent, respectively, and the student completion rates were 78 percent, 78 percent, 77 percent, 70 percent, and 62 percent respectively. For the 2007 SCS, the student completion rate was 58 percent.
Thus, the overall unweighted SCS response rate (calculated by multiplying the household completion rate by the student completion rate) was 74 percent in 1995, 73 percent in 1999, 72 percent in 2001, 64 percent in 2003, 56 percent in 2005, and 53 percent in 2007. Response rates for most survey items were hightypically over 95 percent of all eligible respondents. The weights were developed to compensate for differential probabilities of selection and nonresponse. The weighted data permit inferences about the eligible student population who were enrolled in schools in 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007.
Due to the low unit response rate in 2005 and 2007, a unit nonresponse bias analysis was done. There are two types of nonresponse: unit and item nonresponse. Unit response rates indicate how many sampled units have completed interviews. Because interviews with students could only be completed after households had responded to the NCVS, the unit completion rate for the SCS reflects both the household interview completion rate and the student interview completion rate. Nonresponse can greatly affect the strength and application of survey data by leading to an increase in variance as a result of a reduction in the actual size of the sample and can produce bias if the nonrespondents have characteristics of interest that are different from the respondents. Furthermore, imputation, a common recourse to nonresponse, can lead to the risk of underestimating the sampling error if imputed data are treated as though they were observed data.
In order for response bias to occur, respondents must have different response rates and responses to particular survey variables. The magnitude of unit nonresponse bias is determined by the response rate and the differences between respondents and nonrespondents on key survey variables. Although the bias analysis cannot measure response bias since the SCS is a sample survey and it is not known how the population would have responded, the SCS sampling frame has four key student or school characteristic variables for which data is known for respondents and nonrespondents: sex, race/ethnicity, household income, and urbanicity, all of which are associated with student victimization. To the extent that there are differential responses by respondents in these groups, nonresponse bias is a concern.
In 2005, the analysis of unit nonresponse bias found evidence of bias for the race, household income, and urbanicity variables. White (non-Hispanic) and Other (non-Hispanic) respondents had higher response rates than Black (non-Hispanic) and Hispanic respondents. Respondents from households with an income of $35,000–$49,999 and $50,000 or more had higher response rates than those from households with incomes of less than $7,500, $7,500–$14,999, $15,000–$24,999 and $25,000–$34,999. Respondents who live in urban areas had lower response rates than those who live in rural or suburban areas. Although the extent of nonresponse bias cannot be determined, weighting adjustments, which corrected for differential response rates, should have reduced the problem.
In 2007, the analysis of unit nonresponse bias found evidence of bias by the race/ethnicity and household income variables. Hispanic respondents had lower response rates than other race/ethnicities.
Respondents from households with an income of $25,000 or more had higher response rates than those from households with incomes of less than $25,000. However, when responding students are compared to the eligible NCVS sample, there were no measurable differences between the responding students and the eligible students, suggesting the nonresponse bias has little impact on the overall estimates.
For more information about SCS, contact:
Kathryn A. Chandler
National Center for Education Statistics
1990 K Street NW
Washington, DC 20006
Telephone: (202) 502-7486
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/crime
Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)
The National School-Based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is one component of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), an epidemiological surveillance system developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to monitor the prevalence of youth behaviors that most influence health. The YRBS focuses on priority health-risk behaviors established during youth that result in the most significant mortality, morbidity, disability, and social problems during both youth and adulthood. This report uses 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2009 YRBS data.
The YRBS uses a three-stage cluster sampling design to produce a nationally representative sample of students in grades 9–12 in the United States. The target population consisted of all public and private school students in grades 9–12 in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The first-stage sampling frame included selecting primary sampling units (PSUs) from strata formed on the basis of urbanization and the relative percentage of Black and Hispanic students in the PSU. These PSUs are either counties; subareas of large counties; or groups of smaller, adjacent counties. At the second stage, schools were selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size.
The final stage of sampling consisted of randomly selecting, in each chosen school and in each of grades 9–12, one or two classrooms from either a required subject, such as English or social studies, or a required period, such as homeroom or second period. All students in selected classes were eligible to participate. Three strategies were used to oversample Black and Hispanic students: (1) larger sampling rates were used to select PSUs that are in high-Black and high-Hispanic strata; (2) a modified measure of size was used that increased the probability of selecting schools with a disproportionately high percentage of combined Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, or American Indian/Alaska Native enrollment; and (3) two classes per grade, rather than one, were selected in schools with a high percentage of combined Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, or American Indian/Alaska Native enrollment. Approximately 16,300, 10,900, 16,300, 15,300, 13,600, 15,200, 13,900, 14,000, and 16,400 students participated in the 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2009 surveys, respectively.
The overall response rate was 70 percent for the 1993 survey, 60 percent for the 1995 survey, 69 percent for the 1997 survey, 66 percent for the 1999 survey, 63 percent for the 2001 survey, 67 percent for the 2003 survey, 67 percent for the 2005 survey, 68 percent for the 2007 survey, and 71 percent for the 2009 survey. NCES standards call for response rates of 85 percent or better for cross-sectional surveys, and bias analyses are required by NCES when that percentage is not achieved. For YRBS data, a full nonresponse bias analysis has not been done because the data necessary to do the analysis are not available. The weights were developed to adjust for nonresponse and the oversampling of Black and Hispanic students in the sample. The final weights were constructed so that only weighted proportions of students (not weighted counts of students) in each grade matched national population projections.
State-level data were downloaded from the Youth Online: Comprehensive Results web page. Each state and local school-based YRBS employs a two-stage, cluster sample design to produce representative samples of students in grades 9–12 in their jurisdiction. All except a few state and local samples include only public schools, and each local sample includes only schools in the funded school district (e.g., San Diego Unified School District) rather than in the entire city (e.g., greater San Diego area).
In the first sampling stage in all except a few states and districts, schools are selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size. In the second sampling stage, intact classes of a required subject or intact classes during a required period (e.g., second period) are selected randomly. All students in sampled classes are eligible to participate. Certain states and districts modify these procedures to meet their individual needs. For example, in a given state or district, all schools, rather than a sample of schools, might be selected to participate. State and local surveys that have a scientifically selected sample, appropriate documentation, and an overall response rate greater than or equal to 60 percent are weighted. The overall response rate reflects the school response rate multiplied by the student response rate. These three criteria are used to ensure that the data from those surveys can be considered representative of students in grades 9–12 in that jurisdiction. A weight is applied to each record to adjust for student nonresponse and the distribution of students by grade, sex, and race/ethnicity in each jurisdiction. Therefore, weighted estimates are representative of all students in grades 9–12 attending schools in each jurisdiction. Surveys that do not have an overall response rate of greater than or equal to 60 percent and that do not have appropriate documentation are not weighted and are not included in this report.
In 2009, a total of 42 states and 20 districts had weighted data. In sites with weighted data, the student sample sizes for the state and local YRBS ranged from 965 to 14,870. School response rates ranged from 73 to 100 percent, student response rates ranged from 61 to 90 percent, and overall response rates ranged from 60 to 94 percent.
Readers should note that reports of these data published by the CDC and in this report do not include percentages where the denominator includes less than 100 unweighted cases.
In 1999, in accordance with changes to the Office of Management and Budget's standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity, the YRBS item on race/ethnicity was modified. The version of the race and ethnicity question used in 1993, 1995, and 1997 was:
How do you describe yourself?
a. Whitenot Hispanic
b. Blacknot Hispanic
c. Hispanic or Latino
d. Asian or Pacific Islander
e. American Indian or Alaskan Native
f. Other
The version used in 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, and 2007 and in the 2009 state and local surveys was:
How do you describe yourself? (Select one or more responses.)
a. American Indian or Alaska Native
b. Asian
c. Black or African American
d. Hispanic or Latino
e. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
f. White
In the 2005 national survey and in all 2007 and 2009 surveys, race/ethnicity was computed from two questions: (1) "Are you Hispanic or Latino?" (response options were "yes" and "no"), and (2) "What is your race?" (response options were "American Indian or Alaska Native," "Asian," "Black or African American," "Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander," or "White"). For the second question, students could select more than one response option. For this report, students were classified as "Hispanic" if they answered "yes" to the first question, regardless of how they answered the second question. Students who answered "no" to the first question and selected more than one race/ethnicity in the second category were classified as "More than one race." Students who answered "no" to the first question and selected only one race/ethnicity were classified as that race/ ethnicity. Race/ethnicity was classified as missing for students who did not answer the first question and for students who answered "no" to the first question but did not answer the second question.
CDC has conducted two studies to understand the effect of changing the race/ethnicity item on the YRBS. Brener, Kann, and McManus (2003) found that allowing students to select more than one response to a single race/ethnicity question on the YRBS had only a minimal effect on reported race/ ethnicity among high school students. Eaton, Brener, Kann, and Pittman (2007) found that self-reported race/ethnicity was similar regardless of whether the single-question or a two-question format was used.
For additional information about the YRBS, contact:
Laura Kann
Division of Adolescent and School Health
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention
and Health Promotion
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mailstop K-33
4770 Buford Highway NE
Atlanta, GA 30341-3717
Telephone: (770) 488-6181
E-mail: email@example.com
Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/yrbs
Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS)
This report draws upon data on teacher victimization from the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), which provides national- and state-level data on public schools and national- and affiliation-level data on private schools. The 1993–94, 1999–2000, 2003–04, and 2007–08 SASS were collected by the U.S. Census Bureau and sponsored by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The
1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 administrations of SASS consisted of four sets of linked surveys, including surveys of schools, the principals of each selected school, a subsample of teachers within each school, and public school districts. The 2007–08 administration of SASS consisted of five types of questionnaires: district questionnaires, principal questionnaires, school questionnaires, teacher questionnaires, and school library media center questionnaires. In 1993–94, there were two sets of
teacher surveys, public and private school teachers. In 1999–2000, there were four sets of teacher surveys, public, private, public charter, and Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) school teachers. In 2003–04 and 2007–08, there were three sets of teacher surveys, public (including public charter), private, and BIE. For this report, BIE and public charter schools are included with public schools.
The public school sampling frames for the 1993–94, 1999–2000, 2003–04, and 2007–08 SASS were created using the 1991–92, 1997–98, 2001–02, and 2005–06 NCES Common Core of Data (CCD)
Public School Universe Files, respectively. In SASS, a school was defined as an institution or part of an institution that provides classroom instruction to students; has one or more teachers to provide instruction; serves students in one or more of grades 1–12 or the ungraded equivalent and is located in one or more buildings apart from a private home. It was possible for two or more schools to share the same building; in this case they were treated as different schools if they had different administrations (i.e., principals or school head). Since CCD and SASS differ in scope and their definition of a school, some records were deleted, added, or modified in order to provide better coverage and a more efficient sample design for SASS. Data were collected by multistage sampling, which began with the selection of schools.
This report uses 1993–94, 1999–2000, 2003–04, and 2007–08 SASS data. Approximately 10,000 public schools and 3,300 private schools were selected to participate in the 1993–94 SASS, 11,100 public schools (9,900 public schools, 100 BIE-funded schools, and 1,100 charter schools) and 3,600 private schools were selected to participate in the 1999–2000 SASS, 10,400 public schools (10,200 public schools and 200 BIE-funded schools) and 3,600 private schools were selected to participate in the 2003– 04 SASS, and 9,980 public schools (9,800 public schools and 180 BIE-funded schools) and
2,940 private schools were selected to participate in the 2007–08 SASS. Within each school, teachers selected were further stratified into one of five teacher types in the following hierarchy: (1) Asian or Pacific Islander; (2) American Indian, Aleut, or Eskimo; (3) teachers who teach classes designed for students with limited English proficiency; (4) teachers in their first, second, or third year of teaching; and (5) teachers not classified in any of the other groups. Within each teacher stratum, teachers were selected systematically with equal probability. In 1993–94, approximately 57,000 public school teachers and 11,500 private school teachers were sampled. In 1999– 2000, 56,300 public school teachers, 500 BIE teachers, 4,400 public charter school teachers, and 10,800 private school teachers were sampled. In 2003–04, 52,500 public school teachers, 700 BIE teachers, and 10,000 private school teachers were sampled. In 2007–08, 47,440 public school teachers, 750 BIE teachers, and 8,180 private school teachers were sampled.
This report focuses on responses from teachers. The overall weighted response rate for public school teachers in 1993–94 was 88 percent. In 1999–2000, the overall weighted response rates were 77 percent for public school teachers, and 86 and 72 percent for BIE and public charter school teachers, respectively (which are included with public school teachers for this report). In 2003–04, the overall weighted response rates were 76 percent for public school teachers and 86 percent for BIE-funded school teachers (who are included with public school teachers). In 2007–08, the overall weighted response rates were 72 percent for public school teachers and 71 percent for BIE-funded school teachers (who are included with public school teachers). For private school teachers, the overall weighted response rates were 80 percent in 1993–94, 67 percent in 1999–2000, 70 percent in 2003–04, and 66 percent in 2007–08. Values were imputed for questionnaire items that should have been answered but were not. For additional information about SASS, contact:
Kerry Gruber
National Center for Education Statistics
1990 K Street NW
Washington, DC 20006
Telephone: (202) 502-7349
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/sass
School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)
The School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) is managed by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education. SSOCS collects extensive crime and safety data from principals and school administrators of U.S. public schools. Data from this collection can be used to examine the relationship between school characteristics and violent and serious violent crimes in primary schools, middle schools, high schools, and combined schools. In addition, data from SSOCS can be used to assess what crime prevention programs,practices, and policies are used by schools. SSOCS has been conducted in school years 1999–2000, 2003–04, 2005–06, and 2007–08. A fifth collection is planned for school year 2009–10.
SSOCS was developed by NCES and is funded by the Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools of the U.S. Department of Education. The 2007–08 SSOCS (SSOCS:2008) was conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Data collection began on February 25, 2008, when questionnaire packets were mailed to sampled schools, and continued through June 18, 2008. A total of 2,560 public schools submitted usable questionnaires: 618 primary schools, 897 middle schools, 936 high schools, and 109 combined schools.
The sampling frame for SSOCS:2008 was constructed from the public school universe file created for the 2007–08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). The SASS frame was derived from the 2005–06 Common
Core of Data (CCD) Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe data file. Certain types of schools were excluded from the CCD file in order to meet the sampling needs of SASS: those in U.S. outlying areas1 and Puerto Rico, overseas Department of Defense schools, newly closed schools, home schools, and schools with a high grade of kindergarten or lower. Additional schools were then excluded from the SASS frame to meet the sampling needs of SSOCS: special education schools, vocational schools, alternative schools (e.g., adult continuing education schools and remedial schools), ungraded schools, schools sponsored by the Bureau of Indian Education, and other "nonregular" schools.2 Charter schools were not excluded. The use of the modified SASS sampling frame for SSOCS:2008 is consistent with the 1999–2000 SSOCS (SSOCS:2000) and the 2003–04 SSOCS (SSOCS:2004). The 2005–06 SSOCS (SSOCS:2006) deviated from this by using the CCD directly as a sampling frame. This deviation was necessary because SSOCS:2006 occurred between SASS collections.
A total of 3,484 schools were selected for the 2008 study. In February 2008, questionnaires were mailed to school principals, who were asked to complete the survey or to have it completed by the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at the school. A total of 2,560 schools completed the survey. The weighted overall response rate was 77.2 percent. A nonresponse bias analysis was conducted on the 13 items with weighted item nonresponse rates below 85 percent. The detected bias was not deemed problematic enough to suppress any items from the data file. Weights were developed to adjust for the variable probabilities of selection and differential nonresponse and can be used to produce national estimates for regular public schools in the 2007–08 school year. For information on the 1999–2000, 2003–04, 2005–06, and 2007–08 iterations, see Neiman and DeVoe (2009). For more information about the School Survey on Crime and Safety, contact:
Kathryn A. Chandler
National Center for Education Statistics
1990 K Street NW
Washington, DC 20006
Telephone: (202) 502-7486
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Internet: http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/ssoc


text:
Realized that many people are googling this and finding this post. i will give an update on the issue.
– start latest 16 sept 2010 update –
The "solution" posted below didnt 100% solve it for me. battery life improved (not 1% drain per 3mins but 1% drain per 15mins) but not to pre 4.1 levels.
i got fed up and did a restore without using backup. You can find that option in itunes. After that i synced it with my itunes for songs apps etc and now it works fine.
I hear mixed results from this. but do give it a try or 2.
My phone can now last for at least 1.5-2 days on medium usage.
– end latest update —
When i updated to 4.1 the battery drain was insane! My phone was 50% to 10% in 2 hours.
I had a search around the net and found some talk on the apple forums.
This is the solution for me…
- Launch game center and log off (sign out of your game center account and press the middle button after)
- Do a hard reset (press the top and bottom button together and hold it there for 20s till the apple logo appears)
Worked like a charm
Rationale is that from http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=2574558&start=15&tstart=105
A bit more information. I have an app MemoryInfo which shows the running processes. I have found that gamesd and another games process was running. I started the games app, logged out of the account, restarted and no gamesd is running.
I have skype installed but not running and it has a demon process but not sure what for.
I'll charge the phone back up and see what happens.
So we are quitting the game center process!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Brian Turner
Blizzard dev admits Diablo 3's auction houses hurt the game's rhythm, both sides wish for removal
The Real Money Auction House in Diablo 3 has become a symbol for everything that went wrong in that game, and its removal is one of the best things about the upcoming console version of the game. It's one thing for fans to dislike the feature however, and quite another for the team behind the game to admit it was a mistake.
Former Diablo 3 Game Director Jay Wilson spoke on the issue at the Game Developers conference, and he brought up a number of incorrect assumptions about the auction house. They assumed most players woudn't use it, and that pricing would limit what people bought, and what was offered. The reality ended up being much different.
...Blizzard realized it was completely wrong about those last two points. It turns out that nearly every one of the game's players (of which there are still about 1 million per day, and about 3 million per month, according to Wilson) made use of either house, and that over 50 percent of players used it regularly. That, said Wilson, made money a much higher motivator than the game's original motivation to simply kill Diablo, and "damaged item rewards" in the game.
This isn't the first time we've heard this sort of criticism of the auction house. "Compare that to Diablo 3, where it's like 'oh man, the Brutality Blade, what do I need to do to get it? Do I need to kill a dragon? What do I do?' Well, you could do that, or you could just pay $1.15," game designer and author Jesse Schell said at DICE. "That doesn't feel so heroic, really. That doesn't feel like Utopia."
It's a matter of game play rhythm, and a sense of reward. When you buy a powerful weapon in the auction house, it's fun to go out and kill things with it. But then fun wears off, and it had to be refreshed with another purchase. The majority of the loot you find in the core game is garbage.
Compare that rhythm to how Diablo used to be, where you found interesting items on a regular basis, and the pleasure spikes happened when a monster dropped an interesting item. That form of irregular positive reinforcement is effective at keeping player's attention in the long term, and the economy isn't reliant on a real-world value of items to make sense.
It was hard to walk away from the game because you always felt like you were a minute or two away from a great new piece of gear. The balance in Diablo 3 is now messed up, and even Wilson says they would remove the auction houses if they could. They are, in fact, doing just that for the PlayStation 3 version of the game.
"I think we would turn it off if we could," Wilson stated. Removing the auction houses would be difficult, even though both Wilson and many fans seem to think it's a good idea, especially if it turns out many of the players use and like the ability to buy items for cash. Without the auction houses the always-on requirement would stop making sense, and then players would ask for it to be removed, and no one from the business side of things would likely be willing to give that up. So it remains, but at the cost of the game itself.
The fun of Diablo is in killing monsters and finding cool loot. Turning half of that process into a system where you can pay a few dollars for better gear destroys the skinner box. The game loses its fun. Sure, it also takes away the grind, but Diablo fans are buying the game to enjoy that grind. The good news is that the people involved with the game realize the mistake, and hopefully we won't see it in future games.


text:
Markus G. Strobl, 49, of Rushville, passed away Aug. 25, 2013 following a lengthy battle with cancer.
He was born Nov. 22, 1963 in Cologne, Germany, the son of the late Sebastian J. Strobl and Ursula E. (Knaack) Strobl, who survives. Markus had a Master Degree and was a self-employed Glasermeister Artist.
He came to Indiana in 1990 and Rushville in 1997. His memberships include Rotary International, German Heritage Society of Indianapolis, Rushville High School soccer coach, Rush County Choral, Rush County Amphitheater Committee and St. Mary Catholic Church.
Left to cherish his memory include his mother, Ursula Strobl of Cologne, Germany; his ex-wife and companion, Martha (Hiti) Strobl; two daughters, Sarah and Becca Strobl, all of Rushville; four brothers, Matthias, Ulrich, Sebastian and Martin Strobl, all of Germany; nine nieces and nephews; and one great-nephew.
A Mass of Remembrance will be held at 10:30 a.m. Friday, Aug. 30, 2013 at St. Mary Catholic Church in Rushville with Rev. Jeremy Gries officiating. Private burial will take place in Rushville's East Hill Cemetery.
In lieu of flowers, memorials are requested to Our Hospice, 2626 E. 17th St., Columbus, IN 47201.
Online condolences for the family at www.toddfuneralhome.com.


text:
Resort Jersey Placement Print Tunic
- In Stock
5 reviews
- Delivery
- Next day delivery available
Resort Jersey Printed Tunic
This cotton tunic by Resort is the perfect cover up this summer when the holiday sun gets just a touch too hot or when you need to nip over to the beach stand for a little refreshment!
Featuring a placement floral print, this tunic top adds a vibrant pop of colour to your looks. In white it is fresh, while the black is a timeless piece. The fabric is soft and lightweight for a cool and comfortable wear, while cute sleeves and a cinched waist are super flattering. The plunging neckline is perfect for showing off your bikini of the day.
Wear this tunic over the Resort mix and match halter bikini top and matching bikini bottoms. Add sandals and stacks of bangles for more colour!
Useful info:
- Tunic by Resort
- Placement floral print
- Jersey fabric
- Quarter sleeves
- Cinched waist
- Plunging neckline
Resort Shapewear Underwired Swimsuit
Moulded, underwired cups. Tummy control waist panel.Colour: Animal Print. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Hand wash only.
Resort Shapewear Swimsuit with Tummy Control Panel - Black
In black this swimsuit by Resort keeps your beach looks classic this season. With an underwired design this piece is given a glam shape that gives you confidence on the beach or at the pool.
This swimming costume features underwired, moulded cups to give you a beautiful shape with a little lift, while the bra back fastening perfects the fit. Featuring a tummy control panel, this swimsuit flatters your figure as it sleekens your silhouette for a confident all day wear. This piece of ladies swimwear features a halter neck design for a classic twist that allows you to create an even tan as well as showing off the sweetheart neckline.
Wear this shapewear swimsuit with strappy sandals and a lace tunic dress for instant poolside glamour.
Please note: This swimsuit must be hand washed only.
Useful info:
- Shapewear swimsuit by Resort
- Tummy flattening panel to inside
- Underwired; moulded cups
- Halter neck with tie fastening
- Bra back fastening; adjustable straps
Resort Embellished Kaftan
- In Stock
21 reviews
- Delivery
Resort Embellished Kaftan.Colours: Black, Coral, Turquoise, White. Polyester. Hand wash only.
Colour: Tropical Print. Polyester. Machine washable.
Resort Mix and Match Hipster Briefs
- In Stock
0 review
- Delivery
- Next day delivery available
Resort Mix and Match Hipster Briefs.Colours: Spot Print, Tropical Print, Zig Zag Print. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Machine washable.
Resort Magic Swimsuit - Floral Print
- In Stock
0 review
- Delivery
- Next day delivery available
Resort Magic Swimsuit
Moulded cups and tummy control panel.Colour: Floral Print. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Hand wash only.
Resort Push Up Tankini Top - Black
- In Stock
2 reviews
- Delivery
Resort Push Up Tankini Top.Colour: Black. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Machine washable.
Resort High Waist Briefs
- In Stock
3 reviews
- Delivery
Resort High Waist Briefs.Colours: Coral, Sea Green. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Machine washable.
Resort Blouson Swimsuit.Colours: Black/White Stripe, Stone/Coral. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Machine washable.
Resort Cover Up
- In Stock
3 reviews
- Delivery
Resort Beach Cover Up
This cute cotton cover up by Resort is perfect for throwing on over your bikini this summer as you head from beach to bar.
Available in a range of colours to show off your tan, this dress works with your swimwear collection. Cute tie details to the shoulders and embroidered hems adds a little girly twist, while the deep V-neck flashes a cheeky peek at your bikini.
Wear this beach cover up with your favourite Resort bikini, toe post sandals and oversized sunnies as you make your way from the sand to the bar this season.
Useful info:
- Beach dress by Resort
- Tie detailing
- Deep V-neck
- Embroidered trims
Resort Multiway Underwire Tankini Top.Colour: Black. 80% polyamide, 20% elastane. Machine washable.


text:
If you have filed a complaint against and personally served a defendant and he or she has not responded within the 30-day deadline imposed by California Code of Civil Procedure § 412.20(a) (3)), you can go to court and ask that a judgment be entered in your favor. This is known as requesting a default judgment.
You must request a Default Judgment by the Court, rather than a Default Judgment by the Clerk, if a judge needs to rule on any issue raised in your complaint. Default Judgments by the Clerk are available under limited circumstances, such as in a breach of contract case where the monetary amount desired is specified in the complaint. See the "How to Request a Default Judgment by the Clerk" Step-by-Step guide available on our website for instructions and samples of the forms required to obtain a Default Judgment by the Clerk in this circumstance.
The Judicial Council forms commonly used in this procedure are:
In addition, some relevant documents must be typed on 28-line pleading paper. Customizable templates may be downloaded from these links:
Click here to download this Guide, with step-by-step instructions, including sample forms.
Site Map Privacy Terms & Conditions Contact Us
Copyright © 2006 SCPLL


text:
We're SorryClose
Bow-Meow-Ween Pet Costume Contest
- Contest Photo by: bailey4me2
- Chula Vista, CA
- Category: Frightening Felines
Brief Description:
Bailey is the most loving cat that I have every had. He is also very funny at times. I find myself laughing at him and he brightens my day!
Contest Photo Tips and Guidelines:
- Avoid clutter. Keep the background simple -- your gingerbread house or holiday cookie is the star!
- Daytime, natural light is best. If your area is bright enough, try taking the photo without the flash.
- Upload a horizontal photo. If you crop the image on your computer, make sure you keep a landscape 4:3 aspect ratio.
- For best results, make your image 1200x900 (or "save for web").
- With a digital camera, you can take as many photos as possible and choose the best one. Have fun!


text:
1. Thursday, July 25, 2013 - 6:58 PM
According to the Christian Science Monitor via Yahoo Finance:
Cyber criminals will soon be preying on the financial system itself and not limiting themselves to individual accounts.
After downloading card numbers and related data, the conspirators resold the data to theft wholesalers worldwide. Smilianets charged roughly $10 for each stolen American credit card number and its data, $50 for each European credit card number and data and $15 for each Canadian credit card number and its associated data. Discount pricing was given bulk and repeat customers.Read more
...It's unclear from the indictment just what Kalinin was doing on the NASDAQ server. But such direct attacks on financial exchanges are part of a growing trend, the World Federation of Exchanges (WFE) reported this month. Some 53 percent of group's member exchanges reported that they had endured a cyberattack in the past year .In a few cases, denial of service cyberattacks – which flood the systems with fake requests in order to overload servers – forced trading to halt briefly, although trading platforms have not been directly breached, the WFE report said.
Cybersecurity experts worry that the trend could become a far worse threat than credit card thefts.
"The worst cyber threats that the financial sector will soon be facing may not be thefts of money," wrote Scott Borg, director and chief economist of the US Cyber Consequences Unit, a think tank advising government, in a recent report.
Future cyberattacks could target the information that financial service corporations and their clients use "to create and capture value and to maintain market integrity," he wrote. "Some of the new cyber attacks will simply aim to steal this information. Others will attempt to alter or manipulate it to create business and market effects."
Law enforcement authorities echoed that view Thursday.
Cyber criminals will soon be preying on the financial system itself and not limiting themselves to individual accounts.
pearlbrown1,491 posts since
Nov 2, 2010
Rep Points: 6,474
Nov 2, 2010
Rep Points: 6,474


text:
The majority of communities now require that any kind of electrician working without guidance needs to be licensed. For larger electrical building projects, numerous states call for the credentials of journeyman electricians in addition to specialized electricians, such as splicers of high-voltage wire. This licensing fad is increasing as states realize that they have to shield residents from unskilled domestic electricians.
Most states now require all electrician's to pass a comprehensive electrical exam. The examinations generally focus on, and make reference to the 2014 national electrical code and concerns in the examination typically feature several obscure code referrals that require authentic Code expertise, not merely typical sense.
The first phase in planning for your electrical test is to contact your state board to learn the test requirements, recommended research study product, and how you can apply. If you fulfill the certification demands find out where the exams are provided. Typically the entire examination application procedure could be done on line thorough your state licensing board.
Most electrical exams will be based on NFPA's 2014 National Electrical Code or the 2011 National Electrical Code depending on which version your state has approved as it's regulations.
Prior to the actual test day you will probably want to prepare for the electrical examination. There are most likely plenty of institutions in your state that will certainly enjoy to take your cash and spoon-feed you electrical expertise to help you pass the test. You can save your money, research on your own and pass the test with an outstanding score. Most domestic electricians who fail the examination have failed because they did not study correctly.
By investing a couple of nights a week researching for the exam you will quickly see yourself increasing your knowledge of the National Electrical Code. Some individuals like to buy tabs that mark the vital parts of the 2014 NEC Code book so that you can discover them quickly during the open publication exam.
Effectively researching the NEC code book and understanding the NEC resembles learning another language. You have to understand the fundamental framework of the language, examine words, and exactly how those words are made use of in words, in addition to the pronunciation. Having actually discovered the fundamentals, you attempt your hand at interacting, yet in the beginning, all you could manage is phrases because you do not recognize exactly how to put words with each other in a complete sentence. For that, you need to study the rules and recognize the subtleties of the language– and afterwards technique.
What to expect on the 2014 Electrical Examination
A lot of electrical tests will feature questions on the NEC, basic knowledge of electrical technique, academic inquiries, and problems on local regulations. The questions on the 2014 NEC including regulations and style estimations make up from 70 % to 80 % of the test.
The format of the real exam and the test used in the exam room may differ with each area. Applicants often need to assemble the testing room early in the morning where the proctors explain the parts of the exam. As soon as the examination begins it proceeds up until lunch– when there is normally an hour break.
In some cases it may look like numerous responses could be correct, however just one of them will be. The process of elimination will help you find the real proper answer.
Tips On Racking Up A Higher Score
A great way to score strongly is to take the test at your own pace. As the exam begins, take a few minutes to evaluate the lot of inquiries given up the test and determine approximately exactly how much time you will need to spend on each one. When responding to the problems, if a response you are unsure of, skip it and move on temporarily. Return to the hard questions that you missed once you finish all the easier questions in the examination booklet. When you have finished these, take a couple of minutes to examine all your answers and double-check your work.
Using this approach will certainly help you raise your score on the test and prevent you from obsessing on one question while the the clock ticks down, and the exam finishes.
Any individual who does electrical wiring must think about making even more cash as an accredited electrician. You can find a lot more handy details on passing the electrician's exam by visiting http://www.electricalbooks.com/state-electrical-exams/


text:
7 U.S. Code § 2545 - Intermediary exemption
prev | next
Transportation or delivery by a carrier in the ordinary course of its business as a carrier, or advertising by a person in the advertising business in the ordinary course of that business, shall not constitute an infringement of the protection provided under this chapter.
Source(Pub. L. 91–577, title III, § 115,Dec. 24, 1970, 84 Stat. 1555.)
The table below lists the classification updates, since Jan. 3, 2012, for this section. Updates to a broader range of sections may be found at the update page for containing chapter, title, etc.
The most recent Classification Table update that we have noticed was Tuesday, August 13, 2013
An empty table indicates that we see no relevant changes listed in the classification tables. If you suspect that our system may be missing something, please double-check with the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
|Description of Change
|Session Year
|Public Law
|Statutes at Large
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


text:
Skip to content. |
Skip to navigation
Did you not find what you were looking for? Try the
Advanced Search
to refine your search.
Subscribe to an always-updated RSS feed.
Extreme rhetoric about wolves, whether pro or con, doesn't help solve the problems around the issue.
A chaotic effort to restore Mexican wolves in New Mexico
and a problem with too many elk in Colorado are two facets of the
same problem: Our propensity to manage nature in very unnatural
The species still struggles on both sides of the border.
There's fighting over the endangered status of wolves, sage grouse, etc., and protecting wildlife from drilling.
A 22-year-old Canadian man, whose partially eaten body was
found in the woods of northern Saskatchewan, may represent the
first documented instance of a human being killed by healthy wolves
in North America
The passionate and complicated feelings people have about living with wolves in the Northern Rockies.
The federal government pushes back as the state ramps up control of wolves and other predators.
Forest Service faces budget cuts; Rural Schools Act dies;
local governments may have to pay more firefighting costs; user
fees upheld; grazing fees go down; Klamath dams may fall; livestock
killed by wolves, and wolves killed; and UFOs in the
In his book Vicious: Wolves and Men in America, Jon T.
Coleman explores the history of how the wolf was slowly transformed
from vermin to be cruelly slaughtered into a noble calendar
A change in the federal Endangered Species Act will give
Idaho and Montana more control over threatened gray wolves, but
deny the Nez Perce Tribe a role in wolf management.
The West in your Inbox


text:
Book a table to dine in one of our restaurants
Experience the luxury, opulence and style of the golden age of travel at Cedar Court Grand Hotel & Spa.
As Yorkshire's only five star hotel, and overlooking the historic city walls of one of the UK's most picturesque cities, The Grand is the very best in traditional English style and service. If you are searching for a luxury hotel in York, then look no further, you've just found the very best. Read More...
The Grand is based in the former North Eastern Railway Headquarters built in 1906. To learn more about this fascinating building, please Click here
Served in the quiet and friendly surroundings of The Grand, with traditional service standards. Afternoon Tea is served daily between 1pm and 5pm; the perfect way to spend your afternoon.
Read More...
Join us throughout the year for a series of Ladies Luncheons - a 2 course lunch, glass of wine on arrival and a talk from a guest speaker.
From floristry to diet advice, style tips and beauty care there is something for everyone! Read more
Join us for one of our Wine Dinners, where you will be joined by our Sommelier plus a special guest to learn more about these fascinating vineyards. Read more...
The racing season is now upon us and York is proud to host one of the best racecourses in the Country. So whether you are arranging corporate hospitality or a day out with friends, take a look at what we have to offer to get your day off to a winning start. Read more about our race day offerings
The Cedar Court Grand Hotel & Spa
Station Rise
YO1 6GD (for sat nav use YO1 6HT)
01904 380038
View Location Map


text:
Examining history in a different way
The Harding Home is examining history in a different way right now! A team of archaeologists is … Continue Reading
Summer 2014 Newsletter
Learn about the newly formed "Friends of the Harding Home," a new book on Harding centering on his … Continue Reading
2014 Events at the Harding Home
We hope you will join us for the following events in 2014. … Continue Reading


text:
Routes Sorted
L to R R to L Alpha
This is the shallow, left facing corner about 100 feet left of Shibumi and 25 feet right of the edge of the main formation. It can be seen on the topo page 152 of the Eldorado Canyon guidebook, starting at a split block on the ledge system that traverses the formation.
Rack 2 each up to a #2.5 Friend. Bring a few micro nuts for the start.


text:
After a 15-month tease, Research in Motion today unveiled the QNX-based BlackBerry 10 OS and two smartphones running it. The company also renamed itself BlackBerry.
The BlackBerry had once been the smartphone standard, but after years of ignoring Apple's iPhone and then Google's Android, it has fallen to less than 5 percent of current smartphone sales. Even the BlackBerry's stalwart market -- businesses -- now has largely standardized on the iPhone.
BlackBerry's bid today to become relevant once again is based on a major break from the BlackBerry past, featuring a highly graphical, touch-based user interface more reminiscent of the defunct Palm WebOS than the DOS-like traditional BlackBerry experience. The first units are expected to ship in March. All four major U.S. carriers will take preorders today, with prices to be announced later. Canadians will get the new devices in February, and Britons can buy them tomorrow.
[ Recap: How the BlackBerry fell so far. | Explained: RIM's BES 10 MDM road map. | Get expert advice about planning and implementing your BYOD strategy with InfoWorld's in-depth "Mobile and BYOD Deep Dive" PDF special report. | Keep up on key mobile developments and insights with the Mobilize newsletter. ]
RIM's pitch for BlackBerry 10 comes down to easier multitasking than iOS or Android provide. BlackBerry CEO Thorsten Heins made a swipe at iOS in announcing the BlackBerry 10 by noting that no Home button is needed in RIM's new OS to switch among apps. Instead, the Peek and Flow user interface that the company began demoing in spring 2012 lets users quickly shuffle apps as if they were cards, as well as quickly peek at various updates -- from social networking to app status -- via a short swipe gesture.
The BlackBerry Hub, like Microsoft's People app for Windows Phone, provides a single place to see all updates and go to the relevant apps to act on them when desired. You can also initiate tweets, emails, and other communications from the Hub.
The BlackBerry 10 OS also supports swipe-based text entry, similar to what Samsung offers on its Android devices, using technology licensed from Swype. In addition, BlackBerry 10 lets you delete text while typing via a quick flick to the left (a gesture familiar to iOS users but implemented here in text fields), and it auto-identifies the language you are typing in.


text:
Properties for sale in Glasgow
Guide price £2,100,000 Kepculloch Road, Balfron G63 Detached house for sale
Cairn hall, arguably one of the finest homes in the lower stirlingshire area, was formerly cairn hall farm operating up until the late 1990'S and enjoys one of the highest residential elevations ... see full details and 33 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Milngavie (9.7 miles)
- Hillfoot (11.1 miles)
Marketed by G & S Properties, G61.Offers over £2,000,000 La Casa, Park Circus, Park, Glasgow G3 Terraced house for sale
A magnificent original Mansion House situated on Park Circus close to the city centre and other landmarks and amenities in the vicinity.This unique property was built to the designs of Architect ... see full details and 20 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Charing Cross (Glasgow) (0.5 miles)
- Exhibition Centre (Glasgow) (0.6 miles)
Marketed by Rettie & Co, G11.Guide price £1,650,000 2B Wellknowe Road, Thorntonhall G74 Property for sale
Stylish new build home with imposing frontage in preferred location offering 11 principle apartments and potential 3rd floor au-pair / self contained apartment complimented throughout by high end, ... see full details
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Thorntonhall (0.2 miles)
- Busby (0.9 miles)
Marketed by Corum Property, G77.£1,600,000 Rockfield, Mugdock Road, Mugdock G62 Detached house for sale
Mugdock Village is regarded as one of the most desirable places in the north side of Glasgow in which to reside. A small hamlet just north of Milngavie suburb, it is a delightful community of only ... see full details and 20 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Milngavie (1.8 miles)
- Hillfoot (3.2 miles)
Marketed by Rettie & Co, G61.Offers over £1,399,500 30 Old Mill Road, Bothwell, Glasgow G71 Detached house for sale
As stunning as it is unique this recently commissioned property has all the hallmarks of clever architectural design.Spread over four floors and encompassing circa 10, 500 square feet of luxury ... see full details and 20 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Blantyre (0.6 miles)
- Hamilton West (1.5 miles)
Marketed by McEwan Fraser Legal, EH7.Guide price £1,300,000 4 Park Place, Thorntonhall G74 Property for sale
Just completed new build home designed in a traditional style with 11 principle apartment and integral garage and workshop extending to 6500 sq ft approx and featuring a luxury contemporary ... see full details and 5 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Thorntonhall (0.2 miles)
- Busby (1.0 mile)
Marketed by Corum Property, G77.Offers over £1,175,000 Boquhan House & Meikle Boquhan, Boquhan Estate, Balfron, Glasgow G63 Property for sale
A beautiful late 18th century house, cottage and further detached house in around 21 acres of policies see full details and 22 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Milngavie (8.2 miles)
- Hillfoot (9.6 miles)
Marketed by Savills - Glasgow, G2.Offers over £1,150,000 Shillowhead Endrick Road, Killearn G63 Property for sale
Shillowhead is a truly outstanding family country residence extending in total to approximately 7, 000 . Including garage, of which nearly 6, 200 sq. Ft., is habitable accommodation, dating from ... see full details and 13 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Balloch (6.4 miles)
- Alexandria (6.6 miles)
Marketed by Corum Property, G61.Offers over £1,150,000 Balgray House, Newton Mearns, Glasgow G77 Detached house for sale
A category 'B' listed architectural gem in about 30 acres consisting of parkland gardens and 2 fields of permanent pasture, fringing Newton Mearns with views to open countryside and water. see full details and 19 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Patterton (1.7 miles)
- Barrhead (1.9 miles)
Marketed by Robb Residential, G2.POA Crag Tower, 1 Wellknowe Road, Thorntonhall G74 Property for sale
Crag Tower is a locally admired and highly distinctive B Listed detached residence, set within a broad fronted and generous plot, situated in one of Thorntonhall's finest addresses. see full details and 8 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Thorntonhall (0.2 miles)
- Busby (0.9 miles)
Marketed by Nicol Estate Agents, G46.Offers over £1,125,000 Broom Road, Glasgow, East Renfrewshire G77 Detached house for sale
Traditional Detached Villa, Magnificent Gardens, Stunning Lounge, Elegant Dining Room, Modern Breakfasting Kitchen, Sun Lounge, Four Bedrooms, Jack & Jill En-Suite Bathroom, Modern Shower ... see full details and 16 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Whitecraigs (0.6 miles)
- Patterton (1.1 miles)
Marketed by Move Quick, G2.Offers over £1,100,000 Milton Of Campsie, Glasgow G66 Detached house for sale
The Whole: Shields Farm - A 636-acre south-facing stock farm at the foot of the Campsie Fells with expansive views over Glasgow see full details and 28 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Lenzie (4.0 miles)
- Croy (5.1 miles)
Marketed by Strutt & Parker, EH3.Offers over £1,050,000 Balgray House, Newton Mearns, Glasgow G77 Detached house for sale
A category 'B' listed architectural gem in about 6.3 acres parkland and woodland gardens fringing Newton Mearns with views to open countryside and water. see full details and 18 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Patterton (1.7 miles)
- Barrhead (1.9 miles)
Marketed by Robb Residential, G2.Offers over £995,000 Clydebrae Drive, Bothwell G71 Detached house for sale
This imposing modern, individually designed detached villa is located at the end of a quiet cul-de-sac and enjoys views to the River Clyde and the surrounding countryside. see full details and 25 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Blantyre (0.8 miles)
- Hamilton West (1.4 miles)
Marketed by Residence, G71.Offers over £995,000 15 Newcraigs Drive, Carmunnock, Glasgow G76 Property for sale
Built circa. 1800, for the Browns of Cathcart family, Braevor is an outstanding blonde sandstone detached family home which extends to approximately 6, 500 sq ft. This substantial home is finished ... see full details and 30 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Busby (1.1 miles)
- Clarkston (1.4 miles)
Marketed by Clyde Property, G76.Offers over £995,000 Bowmore Crescent, Thorntonhall G74 Detached house for sale
**part exchanged considered** Positioned within one of the largest plots in this prestigious residential development and constructed by Award Winning Builders Cala Homes. (contd...) see full details and 18 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Thorntonhall (0.3 miles)
- Busby (0.8 miles)
Marketed by Countrywide North, G76.Offers over £995,000 Imperial Place, Bothwell G71 Detached house for sale
This imposing luxury villa is set within an exclusive development of homes of a similar style and calibre and has stunning views to Bothwell Golf club. see full details and 15 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Blantyre (0.7 miles)
- Uddingston (1.3 miles)
Marketed by Residence, G71.Offers over £950,000 6 Park Gardens, Park G3 Town house for sale
An exceptional and highly individual main door conversion within an imposing end terraced townhouse, extending to approximately 8374sqft. see full details and 14 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Charing Cross (Glasgow) (0.5 miles)
- Exhibition Centre (Glasgow) (0.5 miles)
Marketed by Corum Property, G12.Offers over £950,000 The Old Schoolhouse, Milton Of Buchanan, Near Balmaha G63 Detached house for sale
A unique collection of four luxury cottages within The Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park, currently utilised as self catering holiday accommodation see full details and 23 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Balloch (6.2 miles)
- Alexandria (7.2 miles)
Marketed by Savills - Glasgow, G2.Offers over £895,000 49 Sherbrooke Avenue, Pollokshields G41 Detached house for sale
A stunning detached residence occupying arguably one of the finest level feus in West Pollokshields see full details and 15 photos
Note: Distances are straight line measurements
- Maxwell Park (0.3 miles)
- Dumbreck (0.5 miles)
Marketed by Corum Property, G41.
Glasgow Area GuideQueens Park, Glasgow Image courtesy of Flickr user Graeme Maclean
Glasgow grew to be the largest city in Scotland largely by becoming one of the world's capitals of heavy engineering during the Industrial Revolution. Its shipbuilding and marine engineering industries led to it being known as the "Second City of the British Empire". It did not rest on these laurels, however: these days Glasgow is one of Europe's top ten financial centres, ensuring it remains one of the best cities in Europe in which to live.
The city centres on George Square, where many of the city's public statues and historic Victorian buildings are located. This is also bordered by the shopping areas of Argyle Street, Sauchiehall Street and Buchanan Street.
Merchant City is the commercial and residential district. It is littered with luxury apartments and warehouse conversions, which are filled by young professional who are attracted to the area's upmarket boutiques, cafes and restaurants. It is the locus of Glasgow's cultural events, and it hosts the annual Merchant City Festival, a celebration of the arts.
The financial institutions based in Glasgow are found in the International Financial Services District. It is colloquially known as the "square kilometre" or Wall Street on Clyde, and ongoing construction of high-rise buildings and modern office spaces has seen more and more businesses move in.
Glasgow's West End is the bohemian part of the city. It has a large collection of tea rooms, bars, hotels, independent shops and restaurants, and it also features Kelvingrove Park, the University of Glasgow, the Glasgow Botanic Gardens and the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre. This unsurprisingly makes it popular with tourists. Because it is so popular, the name increasingly refers to any place west of Charing Cross station (not to be confused with the hub in London).
The East End is perhaps best known for the famous Glasgow Barrowland Market, called "The Barras". It is also home to the Barrowland Ballroom, the stunning Glasgow Green, and Celtic FC. It remains a fairly deprived part of town, a condition reflected in its many original sandstone tenements.
The South Side is pretty much anything south of the Clyde. It is mostly residential, but it does have notable attractions like the Charles Rennie Mackintosh's Scotland Street School Museum, Alexander 'Greek' Thomson's Holmwood House and the stadiums that Queens Park FC and Rangers FC call home.
North Glasgow extends north of the city centre, and it really has a split personality. It includes some of Glasgow's most affluent suburbs, like Milngavie and Bishopbriggs, but it also has some of the poorest areas, such as Possilpark and Hamiltonhill. This has led to a lot of regeneration. Ruchill in particular has had a dramatic transformation recently.
In 2011, Glasgow had a population of 598,830, an increase of 1% from 2010. Glasgow itself accounts for 11.4 % of the total population of Scotland.
People aged 16 to 29 make up almost 24% of the population, which is larger than the national average of 18.7%, and it has fewer people aged 60 and over. Only 18% of people in Glasgow are over 60, but in the rest of Scotland, just over 23% of the population is that age.
Over 94% of people in the city identify themselves as white. This is not to say that Glasgow is not diverse, as it has been a magnet for immigrants of all kinds. Glasgow has the highest percentage of minority ethnic people in Scotland, with 31% of Scotland's total minority ethnic population living in the city. During the Great Irish Famine, it drew large numbers of Irish immigrants, especially from County Donegal, and it continues to attract many Irish immigrants. It has also attracted many migrants from the Highlands, leading to a large Catholic population. The twentieth century saw people from Lithuania, Italy, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and China come to the city.
Most state schools are good but not exceptional. Despite this, there are some state schools that are amongst the best in the country. These include Jordanhill School, notable in the HMIe report for its "pupils' high level of attainment", and Hyndland Secondary School, highlighted in its HMIe report for its "good quality of education".
There is a large handful of great independent schools, including St Aloysius' College, which according to its HMIe report has "very good programmes", and Hutchesons' Grammar Primary School, which is praised for its "high standards of attainment throughout the school" in its HMIe report.
Glasgow's large transport system is mostly managed by the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport (SPT), though there are notable exceptions especially in bus services. Since deregulation of the buses, most routes are served by private operators, though some are partly funded by SPT. The main bus terminal is Buchanan bus station, but service covers the whole of city.
Glasgow is great for trains. It has the second most extensive urban rail network in the UK, with only London topping it. Services travel to a large part of the west of the country, and Central Station and Queen Street Station are the two main terminals.
The city also boasts the UK's only completely underground subway system, the Glasgow Subway. It was the third metro system built in the world, with only the London Underground and Budapest Metro built before it. It is an 6.5 mile-long loop going in both directions around the city, going both north and south of the River Clyde.
Amenities and Shopping
Glasgow has the culture and shopping that one would expect from a financial centre.
Theatres and venues
Glasgow hosts most of Scotland's national arts organisations, including Scottish Opera, Scottish Ballet, The National Theatre of Scotland and the Scottish Youth Theatre. It also has a large number of theatres, such as The King's Theatre and the Citizens Theatre.
It became a UNESCO City of Music in 2008, thanks largely because of its numerous venues. Amongst these are the Glasgow Royal Concert Hall, King Tut's Wah Wah Hut (where Oasis were discovered) and The Garage, the largest nightclub in Scotland. Many gigs are also hosted in ABS and the O2 Academy, as well as the many smaller bars and clubs scattered liberally throughout the city.
Glasgow also has a large number of galleries and museums. It is the home of famous galleries like Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, the Gallery of Modern Art and the Burrell Collection. Glasgow's Mitchell Library has become one of the largest public reference libraries in Europe.
Glasgow is home to four Scottish football teams: Celtic, Partick Thistle, Queen's Park and Rangers. It also has rugby union's the Glasgow Warriors and rugby league team the Easterhouse Panthers. It also has many cricket clubs, most notably the Clydesdale Cricket Club.
The city has many ice rinks, and it has a professional Elite Ice Hockey League team, Braehead Clan. It is home to the world's oldest swimming club, the Arlington Baths Club. It also hosts the Glasgow Rocks, Scotland's only pro basketball team. Motorcycle speedway racing can be found at Saracen Park in the north, and there are many rowing clubs based in Glasgow Green and the Gorbals.
For fans of shinty (which is sort of the Highlands version of hockey), Glasgow is one of the five places which hosts the Camanachd Cup, shinty's top prize.
There are also many outdoor playing fields, golf clubs and artificial ski slopes for amateurs to enjoy.
Shopping in Glasgow is absolutely world class. Its retail portfolio is second only to London in the whole of the UK. That is, its retail sector generates more money than any other place in the UK, apart from central London.
The main shopping centres are the St. Enoch Centre and the Buchanan Galleries. With its eye-catching glass pyramid, St. Enoch Centre is great for the family. It has all the main high street chains and department stores, as well as a branch of Hamley's and The Disney Store. Buchanan Galleries has more upmarket shops, including Swarovski and Fred Perry. The most high-end shops are found in Princes Square and the Italian Centre, however. There, brands like Versace, Vivienne Westwood and Lacoste have located their Glaswegian branches.
Whilst every effort has been taken to ensure the above information is up to date, some inaccuracies may occur. If you notice any inaccuracies please contact firstname.lastname@example.com
All information was correct at time of publication and is provided in good faith.


text:
Updated Dec 13, 2012 - 11:57 am
Two Sun Devils named SI All-Americans
Junior defensive tackle Will Sutton was named to the first team, while senior punter Josh Hubner received honorable mention recognition.
This honor only adds to the already impressive list of accolades for Sutton, who has already won 14 national awards.
Aside from the 2012 Pac-12 Defensive Player of the Year, Sutton has been named to nine All-American teams and was awarded both the Morris Trophy and first team All-Pac-12 honors.
Sutton ended the 2012 season with 58 total tackles, 20 of which were for a loss, and 10.5 sacks. His 1.82 tackles for loss per game were good for first in the Pac-12 and fifth in the nation.
Hubner finished his the season with a conference-leading 47.1 yards per punt, which was good for third in the nation. His 73 yard punt against UCLA was a career best and was tied for the ninth longest punt of the 2012 season.
While not as widely recognized as Sutton, Hubner had been named to Lindy's All-American team earlier this week.
The Sun Devils are scheduled to face the United States Naval Academy in the Kraft Fight Hunger Bowl December 29 at AT&T Park in San Francisco.
- Arizona State football creates 'Honor Row' to recognize current and past military at home games
- High Octane Hour with Arizona State's Graham begins next week
- ASU unveils new uniforms; is it still cutting-edge when everybody's doing it?
- ASU linebacker Marcus Washington: 'I just love hitting people'
- Arizona State Sun Devils unveil alternate football uniform
- Jake Plummer- Former Cardinals and Sun Devils quarterback - Wednesday August 20Jake Plummer says Johnny Manziel is just passionate about the game of football.
- Craig Grialou- Arizona Sports reporter - Friday August 15Craig Grialou says the Chip Sarafin story isn't even talked about within the ASU Football team.
- Craig Grialou, AZ Sports Intrepid Sports Reporter - Friday August 15Craig gives us an update on ASU football training camp in Camp T.
- Jeff Van Raaphorst, ASU Rose Bowl winning quarterback - Thursday August 14Does ASU's offense have enough firepower to overcome it's defensive shortcomings?
- ASU Fork Report - Wednesday August 13ASU Fork Report featuring Greg McElroy!


text:
Roanoke Mayor David Bowers will touch on a lot of topics during Friday's State of the City Address. There is no question there is a lot to talk about when it comes to both public and private development projects located in various parts of Roanoke.
In fact, Roanoke has more than a dozen public and private developments going on right now. It is the most development activity since Roanoke City Manager Chris Morrill started working three and a half years ago. He says when he started the recession was at its lowest point.
He believes a focus on the future is what is needed for continued growth. "We have really tried to concentrate on what we are," he says, "not what we aren't or what we could have been."
He believes the Bridges project across from V.T.C. School of Medicine is just one of many major economic drivers.
"That is probably going to be an eight- to ten-year build out," he says. "It is really exciting because it will connect downtown to the river, which is huge for us."
Another huge project is the Elmwood Park Amphitheater. The first show is scheduled for Oct. 19. It will feature the Roanoke Symphony Orchestra and Southwest Virginia Ballet. The show will be free for the community. Community involvement is a big focus of projects that use tax dollars. The hope for all of the projects is to continue the momentum for economic growth.
"We are trying to make strategic investments throughout the core downtown and neighborhoods to help keep that going," Morrill says.
Using federal money in a targeted way is part of Roanoke's strategy. Several neighborhood improvement projects have been successful, including Jackson Park in Southeast Roanoke. Right now, some of that federal money is being funneled to the west end of the city with projects that encourage private investors to be a part of positive change.
The West End Community Center is an example of both public and private money working toward revitalization. A pre-construction meeting is schedule for Tuesday, Aug. 27, at the site. Freedom First Credit Union is a big part of the project.
"It is a big deal to get banking services in some of our more challenged neighborhoods," Morrill says. "It important to help people get into the banking system."
The sale of the old health department building to Ed Walker, who has a good track record for development in the city, is another example of using private money to help with public growth.
Meanwhile, Valley Bank still owns the old Ukrops building on Franklin Road. Morrill says he believes the Bridges development and Carilion's growth will make that location more marketable.
Even with all of the projects going on now, it appears there are more exciting moments in Roanoke's near future.
"Our team is pretty busy, but it is a good busy when you can see things happening," Morrill says.
Bowers will talk about more than these projects in his State of the City Address on Friday. He will also talk about some of the city's internal changes. Leaders have instituted Lean Process Improvement measures to be more efficient with city business.
All content © Copyright 2000 - 2014 WorldNow and WFXR. All Rights Reserved.
For more information on this site, please read our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


text:
Gwen Hoerr Jordan, J.D. Ph.D.
Gwen Hoerr Jordan, J.D. Ph.D.
Assistant Professor, Legal Studies
E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Telephone: (217) 206-8520
Office: PAC 334
Professor Jordan joined the UIS faculty in 2010 after two years as a visiting assistant professor at Northern Illinois University and three years as the Legal History Fellow at the Institute for Legal Studies, University of Wisconsin Law School. In addition to her Legal Studies faculty appointment, she also has a staff attorney appointment with the Illinois Innocence Project at UIS. Her position with the Illinois Innocence Project involves representing individuals who were wrongfully convicted, working with UIS undergraduate and graduate students participating in the Project and instructing law school students at Northern Illinois University College of Law involved with the Project.
Jordan's scholarship focuses on the history of women lawyers and their local, national and international social justice activism; issues of gender race and the law, and critical race theory. Her current work is on the history of black women lawyers in Illinois. She is currently analyzing issues of race identity, black women lawyer's civil rights activism throughout the twentieth century, and the strategies women lawyers of color developed to overcome the intersection of race and gender discrimination in the legal system.
In January 2013, Dr. Jordan and Dr. Matthew Holden served as instructors of a UIS Massive Open Online Course (MOOC): "The Emancipation Proclamation: What Came Before, How It Worked, And What Followed." This MOOC is free, open to all, and is available on Coursesites.
Dr. Jordan earned her M.A. in Criminal Justice and her Ph.D. in History from the University of Illinois at Chicago. She earned her J.D. from the University of Denver College of Law. She has been awarded the UIC Dean's Scholar Award and received an American Association of University Women Educational Foundation American Dissertation Fellowship. She also won a National Award Certificate of Commendation as curator of the exhibition Bar None: 125 Years of Women Lawyers in Illinois, and was previously Co-Chair of the Chicago Bar Association Alliance for Women and served on its advisory board. In addition to her academic experience, she spent five years as a Deputy District Attorney in Colorado.
Courses Taught: History of American Law, Law and Society, Women in American Law, Seminar in Politics and Law, Law and Inequality, The American Constitution and Civil Liberties, Conviction of the Innocent, and Introduction to Graduate Legal Studies.
Recent Publications:
"Engendering the History of Race and International Relations: The Career of Edith Sampson, 1927-1978," Chicago-Kent Law Review 87, no. 2 (2012) 521.
"'Them Law Wimmin': Grassroots Lawyering and the Protective Agency for Women and Children," in Feminist Legal History: Recovering the Past, Reclaiming the Future, Tracy Thomas and TJ Boisseau, eds., (New York University Press, 2011).
"Agents of Incremental Change: From Myra Bradwell to Hillary Clinton" Nevada Law Journal 9, no. 3 (Spring 2009): 580- 645.
"'Horror of a Woman': Myra Bradwell, the Fourteenth Amendment, and the Gendered Origins of Sociological Jurisprudence" Akron Law Review 42, no. 4 (2009): 1201-1244.
Recent and Upcoming Presentations:
"Transnational Coalitions of Women of Color during the Cold War," Freedom, Rights, and Power: Recasting Women's struggles across the Americas since 1900 Conference, St Mary's University College, Twickenham, London, United Kingdom, April 26-27, 2013
"Law, Social Change, and Diversity with the Nineteenth-Century Woman Movement: The Story of Charlotte Holt, Esquire," Law and Society Association Conference, Boston, Massachusetts, May 30, 2013
"'30 Female Blackstones Gather in Chicago' 120th Anniversary" Event sponsored by the Illinois State Bar Association and the 7th Circuit Bar Association, Winston & Strawn LLP, Chicago, August 22, 2013 http://www.7thcircuitbar.org
"'Trying to bale the ocean with a sieve': What Women's Rights Legislation in the 1940s Might Teach Us in the 21st Century," forthcoming "The ERA in the 21st Century" conference, Roger Williams University, November 15-16, 2013.
"Radical Women and the Development of Legal Aid Societies in Chicago and Los Angeles, 1886-1914," Social Science History Association Conference, Chicago, Illinois November 21, 2013
"African-American Portias and the Fight for Human Rights," Newberry Library Seminar on Women and Gender, Chicago, Illinois, March 14, 2014


text:
|Area police warn of new bank scam
The Eagle River Police Department was notified Thursday of a scam specific to the North Woods area.
Local residents have been receiving phone calls indicating that their debit cards issued by Nicolet National Bank (formerly Mid-Wisconsin Bank) have been suspended due to the recent name change of the bank.
The caller then asks the individual to confirm their debit cards number and expiration date in order
to reactivate the account, according to authorities.
The Eagle River Police Department warned against giving the individuals any account information.
Those who have received these phone calls and did give out information should contact their bank immediately and take any necessary action to safeguard their accounts, said police.
They also may contact the Eagle River Police Department at (715) 479-1941.
|Thursday, September 05, 2013 2:58 PM
|Last Updated on Friday, September 06, 2013 2:27 PM


text:
Castle Guessing
Loading ...
Panoramic photo by Florian Deutsch Taken 17:07, 07/06/2012 - Views
Castle Guessing
Castle Guessing
Restaurated Church "Szent Imre" near the Border between Austria and Hungary
The Cityhall and informationcenter of Heiligenbrunn
overview of Limbach and the apple orchards of Kukmirn
Fightposition of the German Army against the Red Army from the second Worldwar
Schloesslberg hill played a key role as a military base in the war against the turks in 1664. In 1964...
Taken in Königsdorf, in the south east of Austria, on a little bridge across a small river
Taken on May 13th, 2013 on a warm late spring day.
Each year the biggest event in Königsdorf: You can find some impressions in my album from 2012 here t...
Europe is generally agreed to be the birthplace of western culture, including such legendary innovations as the democratic nation-state, football and tomato sauce.
The word Europe comes from the Greek goddess Europa, who was kidnapped by Zeus and plunked down on the island of Crete. Europa gradually changed from referring to mainland Greece until it extended finally to include Norway and Russia.
Don't be confused that Europe is called a continent without looking like an island, the way the other continents do. It's okay. The Ural mountains have steadily been there to divide Europe from Asia for the last 250 million years. Russia technically inhabits "Eurasia".
Europe is presently uniting into one political and economic zone with a common currency called the Euro. The European Union originated in 1993 and is now composed of 27 member states. Its headquarters is in Brussels, Belgium.
Do not confuse the EU with the Council of Europe, which has 47 member states and dates to 1949. These two bodies share the same flag, national anthem, and mission of integrating Europe. The headquarters of the Council are located in Strasbourg, France, and it is most famous for its European Court of Human Rights.
In spite of these two bodies, there is still no single Constitution or set of laws applying to all the countries of Europe. Debate rages over the role of the EU in regards to national sovereignty. As of January 2009, the Lisbon Treaty is the closest thing to a European Constitution, yet it has not been approved by all the EU states.
Text by Steve Smith.


text:
Product 108/158
Here is my first pack of 4 templates!!
It contains PNG and PSD files
3600px 300DPI
File: .zip
Use: PU/CU/S4H
Warning!! This product is a virtual product, no parcel will be delivered by Post.
Designer: Didine Design
Product model: Pack vol1
File Size: 0 Megs
This product was added to our catalog on Friday 10 August, 2012.


text:
By Michael Gioia
14 Dec 2012
John Simpkins directs the performances, which are offered at 8 PM and 11 PM on both nights.
The lineup of performers includes Susan Blackwell, Liz Lark Brown, Livie Casto, Michael Cerveris (Dec. 15 at 11 PM only), Sarah Cetrulo, Bill Coyne, Kristen da Costa, Katrina Rose Dideriksen, Jenny Donoghue, Badia Farha (Dec. 14 only), Alexandra Ferrara, Kenny Francoeur, Annie Golden, Molly Hager, Jeremy Jordan (Dec. 15 at 11 PM only), Ian Kagey, Kimberly Kaye (Dec. 15 at 11 PM only), Jessica Kent, MK Lawson, Rachel Lee, Lorinda Lisitza, Lauren Marcus, Julia Mattison, Eric William Morris, Jeremy Morse, Ray Munoz, Mike Pettry, Ashley Rodbro, Krysta Rodriguez (Dec. 15 only), Rob Rokicki, Will Roland, Lance Rubin, George Salazar, Katie Schorr, A.J. Shively, Jordan Stanley, Rachel Sussman, Ashley Sweetman, Taylor Trensch (Dec. 14-15 at 11 PM only), Brandon Uranowitz, Ryan Vaughn, Jared Weiss, Jason "SweetTooth" Williams and Ross Wolkenbrod.
Jennifer Ashley Tepper produces The 5th Annual Joe Iconis Christmas Spectacular, which promises "brand new holiday songs, old favorites, tiny elves, enormous reindeer, an inebriated Mr. and Mrs. Claus, and an ungodly number of candy canes."
54 Below is located at 254 West 54th Street. For more information and tickets, call (866) 468-7619 or visit 54Below.com.


text:
Original Title: Wakolda
Directors: Lucia Puenzo
Argentina / France / Norway / Spain
Spanish, German, Hebrew with English Subtitles
93 min
World Cinema
Cinema of the Americas
In Patagonia, 1960, an Argentine family meets a German physician on the long road to Bariloche. The first guest at the family's newly opened inn, the wealthy doctor ingratiates himself into their home life with his charisma and his scientific knowledge. Little do they know, however, that they are housing one of history's most monstrous criminals, and that he might be continuing his experimental practice in their own community in this chilling, captivating story.
Links: Website
Producer: Lucia Puenzo
Film Format: DCP
Screenplay: Lucia Puenzo
Producer: Lucia Puenzo
Editor: Hugo Primero


text:
Updated Apr 4, 2013 - 1:12 pm
The Britain Oblivion UK premiere
Attention ArizonaSports.com Comment Users: We have recently changed our comments boards.We would like you to be part of the conversation with all fans of Arizona sports teams by logging in with your Facebook, Twitter, Google+ or Disqus account. Existing Arizona Sports (KTAR) account members will need to create a Disqus account or use one of the aforementioned social media logins. Thank you.


text: Come Dine with Me Series 18 - 15. Preston Share: Play clip About this programme 15/35. Four amateur cooks from Preston, Lancashire, compete for the £1,000 prize. Customer services co-ordinator Janet McCabe, nursery manager Rick Monk, theatre and film director Graham Easterlow and office manager Sue Braithwaite take turns hosting dinner parties that feature a pyjama dress code, a game-themed menu and an evening inspired by the Swinging Sixties. Cast and crew Crew Director Nik Warner Producer Nik Warner Series Producer Rachel Bloomfield Categories Entertainment Food Share:


text:
Rumors are swirling that Brad and Angelina are tying the knot this weekend. Here's a look at arguably the hottest, most powerful couple in Hollywood by the numbers.
Brad & Angelina: By the numbersUPDATED 7:12 AM PDT Aug 10, 2012
Slideshow Central
CommentsThe views expressed are not those of this site, this station or its affiliated companies. By posting your comments you agree to accept our terms of use.blog comments powered by Disqus