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Yorkshire and the Humber
Yorkshire and the Humber region shown within England |
Geography | |
Status | Region |
Area — Total |
Ranked 5th 15,420 km² 5,953 sq mi |
Demographics | |
Population — Total — Density |
Ranked 7th 5,284,000 (2011) 343 /km2 (890 /sq mi) |
GVA per capita | £16,880 (8th) |
Government | |
Admin HQ | Wakefield [1] |
Leadership | Local Government Yorkshire and Humber |
Regional development | Yorkshire Forward |
European parliament | Yorkshire and the Humber |
Website |
Yorkshire and the Humber is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of NUTS for statistical purposes. The population in 2011 was 5,284,000.[2] The British Government has announced its intention to abolish Government Offices (for the Regions) no later than 31 March 2011.
Geographical context[edit]
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of England |
England in the UK
In the Yorkshire and the Humber region there is a very close relationship between the major topographical areas and the underlying geology.[3] The Pennine chain of hills in the west is of Carboniferous origin. The central vale is Permo-Triassic. The North York Moors in the north-east of the county are Jurassic in age while the Yorkshire Wolds and Lincolnshire Wolds to the south east are Cretaceous chalk uplands.[3]
The region is drained by several rivers. In western and central Yorkshire the many rivers empty their waters into the River Ouse which reaches the North Sea via the Humber Estuary.[4] The most northerly of the rivers in the Ouse system is the River Swale, which drains Swaledale before passing through Richmond and meandering across the Vale of Mowbray. Next, draining Wensleydale, is the River Ure, which joins the Swale east of Boroughbridge. The River Nidd rises on the edge of the Yorkshire Dales National Park and flows along Nidderdale before reaching the Vale of York.[4]
The Ouse is the name given to the river after its confluence with the Ure at Ouse Gill Beck. The River Wharfe, which drains Wharfedale, joins the Ouse upstream of Cawood.[4] The Rivers Aire and Calder are more southerly contributors to the River Ouse and the most southerly Yorkshire tributary is the River Don, which flows northwards to join the main river at Goole. In the far north of the county the River Tees flows eastwards through Teesdale and empties its waters into the North Sea downstream of Middlesbrough. The smaller River Esk flows from west to east at the northern foot of the North York Moors to reach the sea at Whitby.[4]
The River Derwent rises on the North York Moors, flows south then westwards through the Vale of Pickering then turns south again to drain the eastern part of the Vale of York. It empties into the River Ouse at Barmby on the Marsh.[4] To the east of the Yorkshire Wolds the River Hull flows southwards to join the Humber Estuary at Kingston upon Hull. The western Pennines are served by the River Ribble which drains westwards into the Irish Sea close to Lytham St Annes.[4]
The highest point of the region is Whernside, in the Yorkshire Dales, at 737 metres (2,418 ft). The largest freshwater lake is Hornsea Mere in the East Riding of Yorkshire.
This region of England generally has cool summers and relatively mild winters with the upland areas of the North York Moors and the Pennines experiencing the coolest weather and the Vale of York the warmest. Weather conditions vary from day to day as well as from season to season. The latitude of the area means that it is influenced by predominantly westerly winds with depressions and their associated fronts, bringing with them unsettled and windy weather, particularly in winter. Between depressions there are often small mobile anticyclones that bring periods of fair weather. In winter anticyclones bring cold dry weather. In summer the anticyclones tend to bring dry settled conditions which can lead to drought. For its latitude this area is mild in winter and cooler in summer due to the influence of the Gulf Stream in the northern Atlantic Ocean.
Air temperature varies on a daily and seasonal basis. Cities such as Sheffield, Leeds, and Bradford are generally cooler due to their inland and upland location, while York, Hull, and Wakefield are warmer due to their lowland location. The temperature is usually lower at night and January is the coldest time of the year and July is usually the warmest month.[5]
Snow is not uncommon in the winter, Yorkshire is mostly hilly/mountainous, and the Yorkshire Dales and the Pennines can experience extreme snowstorms with high snowdrifts. Snow in coastal towns such as Hull and Scarborough are not as common because they are moderated by the ocean, while inland/upland settlements such as Skipton or Ilkley experience more snow.
Climate data for settlements in the region:
Climate data for Hull | |||||||||||||
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 6.9 (44.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.6 (58.3) |
17.7 (63.9) |
20.1 (68.2) |
20.2 (68.4) |
17.7 (63.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
7.8 (46) |
13.1 (55.6) |
Average low °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) |
1.7 (35.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
4.6 (40.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
9.7 (49.5) |
12.2 (54) |
12.2 (54) |
10.4 (50.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
2.4 (36.3) |
6.4 (43.5) |
Precipitation mm (inches) | 50.7 (1.996) |
38.3 (1.508) |
45.6 (1.795) |
42.4 (1.669) |
43.5 (1.713) |
50 (1.97) |
38.4 (1.512) |
48.7 (1.917) |
52.1 (2.051) |
46.5 (1.831) |
57.2 (2.252) |
52.0 (2.047) |
565.4 (22.26) |
Source: [6] |
Climate data for Leeds | |||||||||||||
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 5.8 (42.4) |
5.9 (42.6) |
8.7 (47.7) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.0 (59) |
18.2 (64.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
8.8 (47.8) |
6.7 (44.1) |
12.58 (54.63) |
Average low °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
1.6 (34.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
5.5 (41.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
10.4 (50.7) |
10.5 (50.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
6.3 (43.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
1.2 (34.2) |
4.93 (40.88) |
Rainfall mm (inches) | 61 (2.4) |
45 (1.77) |
52 (2.05) |
48 (1.89) |
54 (2.13) |
54 (2.13) |
51 (2.01) |
65 (2.56) |
57 (2.24) |
55 (2.17) |
57 (2.24) |
61 (2.4) |
660 (25.99) |
Source: [7] |
Climate data for Sheffield | |||||||||||||
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 6.4 (43.5) |
6.7 (44.1) |
9.3 (48.7) |
11.8 (53.2) |
15.7 (60.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.6 (69.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
9.2 (48.6) |
7.2 (45) |
13.1 (55.6) |
Average low °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) |
1.6 (34.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
4.4 (39.9) |
7.0 (44.6) |
10.0 (50) |
12.4 (54.3) |
12.1 (53.8) |
10.0 (50) |
7.2 (45) |
4.2 (39.6) |
2.6 (36.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
Precipitation mm (inches) | 86.5 (3.406) |
63.4 (2.496) |
67.9 (2.673) |
62.5 (2.461) |
55.5 (2.185) |
66.7 (2.626) |
51.0 (2.008) |
63.5 (2.5) |
64.3 (2.531) |
73.9 (2.909) |
77.7 (3.059) |
91.9 (3.618) |
824.7 (32.469) |
Source: The Met Office[8] |
Climate data for York | |||||||||||||
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 6 (43) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
13 (55) |
16 (61) |
19 (66) |
21 (70) |
21 (70) |
18 (64) |
14 (57) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
13.5 (56.3) |
Average low °C (°F) | 1 (34) |
1 (34) |
2 (36) |
4 (39) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
4 (39) |
2 (36) |
6 (43) |
Precipitation mm (inches) | 59 (2.32) |
46 (1.81) |
37 (1.46) |
41 (1.61) |
50 (1.97) |
50 (1.97) |
62 (2.44) |
68 (2.68) |
55 (2.17) |
56 (2.2) |
65 (2.56) |
50 (1.97) |
639 (25.16) |
Source: BBC Weather[9] |
There are seven cities in Yorkshire and the Humber: Bradford, Kingston upon Hull, Leeds, Ripon, Sheffield, Wakefield and York. There are many other large towns in the area such as Doncaster, Grimsby, Halifax, Huddersfield and Scunthorpe. Leeds is the largest settlement being the largest part of an urban area with a population of 1.5 million. Leeds is now one of the largest financial centres in the United Kingdom. Sheffield is the second largest settlement and is a large manufacturing centre. Bradford is the third largest city and was traditionally a textile city, the decline of these industries has left Bradford's economy more diverse. Kingston upon Hull is the main port in the region and also a notable fishing harbour. While cities such as Bradford, Leeds and Sheffield grew during the industrial revolution, there are older cities in the region such as Wakefield and York.
The tallest occupied building in Yorkshire is Bridgewater Place in central Leeds, commonly referred to as The Dalek, and at 361 feet is the 34th tallest building in the UK, built in 2007. The 37 storey Sky Plaza in Leeds is the world's second tallest student accommodation building at 338 feet, and the second tallest building in the region, and the UK's 42nd tallest building, built in 2009. The 32-storey St Pauls Tower is now the tallest building in Sheffield at 331 feet. The Royal Hallamshire Hospital is the tallest hospital in the UK outside of London at 249 feet, and was built in 1979.
Local government[edit]
The official region consists of the following subdivisions:[10]
Map | Ceremonial county | County/ unitary | Districts |
1. South Yorkshire * | a) Sheffield, b) Rotherham, c) Barnsley, d) Doncaster | ||
2. West Yorkshire * | a) Wakefield, b) Kirklees, c) Calderdale, d) Bradford, e) Leeds | ||
North Yorkshire (part only) |
3. North Yorkshire † | a) Selby, b) Harrogate, c) Craven, d) Richmondshire, e) Hambleton, f) Ryedale, g) Scarborough | |
4. York U.A. | |||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 5. East Riding of Yorkshire U.A. | ||
6. Kingston upon Hull U.A. | |||
Lincolnshire (part only) |
7. North Lincolnshire U.A. | ||
8. North East Lincolnshire U.A. |
Key: †shire county | *metropolitan county
The region was originally called Yorkshire & Humberside by the counties of North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire and Humberside. Since then Humberside was abolished and also the county councils of South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire were abolished.
Industrial history[edit]
Stainless steel was invented in 1913 by Harry Brearley of Sheffield, working for Firth Brown Steels (now called Sheffield Forgemasters). Crucible steel had been invented in the 1740s by Benjamin Huntsman of Epworth in Lincolnshire (part of the region).
Scientific heritage[edit]
John Harrison of Barrow upon Humber (but born in Yorkshire at Foulby), invented the marine chronometer which allowed longitude to be accurately measured, and hence navigation at sea. This allowed Captain James Cook of Whitby to colonise much of Australia. Harrison also invented the bimetallic strip and the rolling bearing, without which most vehicles could not move. Fred Hoyle was an important physicist from Bingley, who discovered how stars made chemical elements.
The area is well known for its brass bands, with the Brighouse and Rastrick Brass Band, Black Dyke Band, Grimethorpe Colliery Band, Carlton Main Frickley Colliery Band, Rothwell Temperance Band and Hammonds Saltaire Band. Brass bands have mostly been linked with coal mines.
The Brontë family are the region's best known authors. The region's most popular city for tourists is York.
Castleford is the birthplace of the world famous sculptor Henry Moore.
Regional assembly[edit]
The Yorkshire and Humber Assembly was a partnership of all local authorities in the region and representatives of various economic, social and environmental sectors. The full Assembly normally met three times a year, normally in February, June and October.
The full Assembly is responsible for providing regional leadership, agreeing regional strategic priorities, directing the development of the Integrated Regional Framework and endorsing key regional strategies. Membership comprises all 22 local authorities in this region, plus 15 Social, Economic and Environmental partners, and the National Parks for planning purposes.[11]
On 31 March 2009, the Assembly was abolished and replaced by Local Government Yorkshire and Humber, which continues to be based in the former Assembly premises in King Street in Wakefield.[12][13]
Yorkshire is one of the two regions (along with the North West) that were expected to have a referendum about the establishment of an elected regional assembly. When the North East region of England rejected having an elected regional assembly in a referendum, the then Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott announced that he would not move orders for other referendums before the relevant provisions expired in June 2005.
European Parliament[edit]
The European constituency of Yorkshire and the Humber is coterminous with the English region. After the European Parliament election in June 2009, Yorkshire and the Humber is represented by one Conservative (previously two one now Liberal Democrat), one Labour, one UKIP, two Liberal Democrat (one formerly Conservative) and one BNP MEPs. It is one of two regions in the UK to have elected an MEP from the BNP.[14]
Election results 2009[edit]
Elected candidates are shown in bold. Brackets indicate the number of votes per seat won.
European Election 2009: Yorkshire and The Humber[15][16] | |||||
List | Candidates | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | Edward McMillan-Scott, Timothy Kirkhope Fleur Butler, Matthew Bean, Nick Burrows, Glynis Frew |
299,802 (149,901) |
24.5 | -0.2 | |
Labour | Linda McAvan Richard Corbett, Emma Hoddinott, David Bowe, Melanie Onn, Mahroof Hussain |
230,009 | 18.8 | -7.5 | |
UKIP | Godfrey Bloom Jonathan Arnott, Jason Smith, Toby Horton, David Daniel, Lynette Afshar |
213,750 | 17.4 | +2.9 | |
Liberal Democrat | Diana Wallis Stewart Arnold, Rebecca Taylor, James Monaghan, Nader Fekri, Neil Poole |
161,552 | 13.2 | -2.4 | |
BNP | Andrew Brons Nick Cass, Chris Beverley, Marlene Guest, Paul Harris, Trevor Brown |
120,139 | 9.8 | +1.8 | |
Green | Martin Hemingway, Shan Oakes, Leslie Rowe, Rick Rolt, Kevin Warnes, Lesley Hedges | 104,456 | 8.5 | +2.8 | |
English Democrats | Michael Cassidy, Joanne Robinson, Peter Davies, David Wildgoose, Paul McEnhill, Geoffery Crossman | 31,287 | 2.6 | +1.0 | |
Socialist Labour | William Capstick, Linda Sheriden, Stephen Yoxall, Holly Jo Yoxall, Terence Robinson, Christopher Butler | 19,380 | 1.6 | N/A | |
Christian | Sid Cordle, Andrew McClintock, Angela MacDonald, John O'Brien, Samantha Cauldwell, Rebecca Jones | 16,742 | 1.4 | N/A | |
NO2EU | Keith Gibson, Celia Foote, Jackie Grunsell, Peter Marsh, Mike Davies, Juliet Marie Boddington | 15,614 | 1.3 | N/A | |
Jury Team | Barbara Hibbert, Anthony Hooper, Ben Saxton | 7,181 | 0.6 | N/A | |
Libertas | Antony Devoy, Edward Devoy, Stephen Clark, Diana MacLeod, Trevor Bending, Kathleen Harris | 6,268 | 0.5 | N/A | |
Turnout | 1,226,180 | 32.3 | -10.3 |
Population, density and settlements[edit]
Region/County | Population | Population Density | Largest town/city | Largest urban area |
Yorkshire and the Humber | 5,177,200 | 328/km² | Leeds (761,100) | West Yorkshire Urban Area (1,499,465) |
West Yorkshire | 2,118,600 | 1,004/km² | Leeds (761,100) | West Yorkshire Urban Area (1,499,465) |
South Yorkshire | 1,292,900 | 833/km² | Sheffield (551,800) | Sheffield Urban Area (640,720) |
East Riding of Yorkshire | 587,100 | 137/km² | Kingston upon Hull (257,000) | Kingston upon Hull Urban Area (301,416) |
North Yorkshire | 1,061,300 | 123/km² | City of York (193,300) | York Urban Area (137,505) |
North Lincolnshire | 159,000 | 188/km² | Scunthorpe (72,660) | Scunthorpe (72,660) |
North East Lincolnshire | 158,900 | 828/km² | Grimsby (87,574) | Grimsby/Cleethorpes (138,842) |
The region has fewer degree-educated adults than the England average. The region has the UK's highest rate of cancer.
Teenage pregnancy[edit]
For top-tier authorities, Kingston upon Hull has the highest teenage pregnancy rate, closely followed by North East Lincolnshire. For top-tier authorities, North Yorkshire has the lowest teenage pregnancy rate. For council districts, Ryedale has the lowest rate, closely followed by Craven. Only North Yorkshire has council districts in the region.
Rotherham had the UK's youngest grandmother - 26 years old. Her 12 year old daughter gave birth on 26 August 1999.[18]
Social deprivation[edit]
For multiple deprivation in England, measured by the Indices of deprivation 2007,[19] the most deprived council districts in the region are, in descending order - Kingston upon Hull (11th in England), Bradford (32nd), Doncaster (41st), Barnsley (43rd), North East Lincolnshire (49th), Sheffield (63rd), Wakefield (66th), Rotherham (68th), Kirklees (82nd), Leeds (85th), and Scarborough (97th). These areas are mostly represented by Labour MPs, with a few Conservative MPs representing parts of Leeds (with a Lib Dem MP) and North East Lincolnshire, and all of Scarborough. Apart from Scarborough, they are unitary authorities.
The least deprived districts are, in descending order - Harrogate, Hambleton, Richmondshire, Craven, and Selby - all in North Yorkshire. Like all of North Yorkshire, they are represented by Conservative MPs. At county level, the least deprived areas are, in descending order - North Yorkshire, York and the East Riding of Yorkshire which all have roughly the same level of deprivation, and lower than the majority of England, including Cheshire and Northamptonshire.
The region as a whole is one of the more deprived in England, measured by having far more Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) in the 20% most deprived districts than the 20% least deprived districts.
Kingston upon Hull has the highest proportion of NEETs in the region (and fairly high for the UK - 10.6%).[20][21] This is another demographic extreme it shares with Knowsley in Merseyside.
In March 2011 the region had the third highest overall unemployment claimant count in England with 4.4%. For the region, Hull has the highest rate with 7.8% which is the highest for any English district; North East Lincolnshire is next with 6.4%, and Doncaster has 5.2%. Richmondshire has the lowest rate with 1.8% and Harrogate is next lowest with 1.9%.[22]
In the 2010 general election, the region was evenly split between Labour and Conservative; 35% of the region's electorate voted Labour, 33% Conservative and 23% Liberal Democrat.[23] However Labour have almost twice as many seats than the Conservatives with 32 Labour, 18 Conservative and 3 Liberal Democrat. The Conservatives gained 10 seats, with the other two parties losing seats; there was a 6.6% swing from Labour to Conservative. However although Labour has around 60% of the region's seats, the geographic spread is mostly Conservative, due to the Labour seats having a much smaller geographic area. All of South Yorkshire is Labour apart from the Liberal seat of Sheffield Hallam (the least deprived area of South Yorkshire), and Labour is concentrated in the other coalfield areas and Hull.
Eurostat NUTS[edit]
In the Eurostat Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS), Yorkshire and the Humber is a level-1 NUTS region, coded "UKE", which is subdivided as follows:
NUTS 1 | Code | NUTS 2 | Code | NUTS 3 | Code |
Yorkshire and the Humber | UKE | East Riding and North Lincolnshire | UKE1 | Kingston upon Hull | UKE11 |
East Riding of Yorkshire | UKE12 | ||||
North and North East Lincolnshire | UKE13 | ||||
North Yorkshire | UKE2 | York | UKE21 | ||
North Yorkshire CC | UKE22 | ||||
South Yorkshire | UKE3 | Barnsley, Doncaster and Rotherham | UKE31 | ||
Sheffield | UKE32 | ||||
West Yorkshire | UKE4 | Bradford | UKE41 | ||
Leeds | UKE42 | ||||
Calderdale and Kirklees | UKE44 | ||||
Wakefield | UKE45 |
Transport policy[edit]
As part of the national transport planning system, the Regional Assembly is required to produce a Regional Transport Strategy (RTS) to provide long term planning for transport in the region. This involves region wide transport schemes such as those carried out by the Highways Agency and Network Rail.[24] Within the region the local transport authorities plan for the future by producing Local Transport Plans (LTP) which outline their strategies, policies and implementation programmes.[25] The most recent LTP is that for the period 2006–11. In the Yorkshire and The Humber region the following transport authorities have published their LTP online: East Riding of Yorkshire U.A.,[26] Kingston upon Hull,[27] North East Lincolnshire U.A.,[28] North Lincolnshire U.A.,[29] North Yorkshire,[30] South Yorkshire,[31] West Yorkshire[32] and York U.A.[33]
The M62 motorway is Yorkshire's main east-west thoroughfare, and north-south routes are the M1 and the A1, with only the A1 continuing further north, with an upgrade to motorway status currently being built between Dishforth and Leeming. The other main north-south road in the region is the A19.[34] The M180 (continuing as the A180) connects the ports at Grimsby and Immingham via the M18 (European route E22).
The A64 road connects areas in the North East of the region to the main body of motorways. The M1 was originally designed to finish at the A1 at Doncaster; this section became the M18. The section from the Thurcroft Interchange to Leeds was essentially designed to replace the A61, which is still the main road that connects the centres of Sheffield, Barnsley, Wakefield and Leeds, and continues through Harrogate and Ripon to Thirsk. The M180 is shadowed by the A18, which is the main road through Scunthorpe. The single-carriageway A1079 connects Hull to York, and has been exceeding its designed capacity for many years.
The main north-south and east-west routes interchange at a series of junctions to the south and east of Leeds, near Castleford. Leeds and Bradford have inner-city urban motorways, while Sheffield has the Sheffield Parkway and Hull has the Clive Sullivan Way (A63) which connect the city centres with the motorway network. Leeds has an inner-ring road network made mostly out of purpose-built motorway stretches which is mostly sub-terrain to the north of the city centre. Bradford, Huddersfield, Sheffield and York have inner-ring roads made by re-aligning existing roads while Halifax has a town-centre relief scheme made up of the Aachen Way and the North Bridge flyovers.
The Humber Bridge, the tallest bridge in the UK at 538 feet, was the world's longest suspension bridge from 17 July 1981 until 5 April 1998. It was built to connect with a proposed new town near the A15/M180 interchange.
The central hubs of the rail network in the region are Leeds, Sheffield and York. The East Coast Main Line passes through Leeds and York, operated by East Coast which is based in York, and England's only state-owned train company. The Midland Main Line finishes at Sheffield, with a less regular service to Leeds, operated by East Midlands Trains. East-west routes are the North TransPennine to Manchester, and South TransPennine through Doncaster.[35] Leeds has a fairly extensive commuter network and an electrified section in the North of Bradford provides many commuter services. Sheffield has a smaller commuter rail network and there are also less extensive systems in Doncaster, Huddersfield, Wakefield and Harrogate, which connect the districts of the settlements to the centre by rail. The express service between Leeds and Huddersfield is notably quick.
SYPTE and WYPTE subsidise commuters' travel with discount schemes. Tram-trains have also been proposed in the area, however no scheme has yet been approved.
Hull is now connected to the capital with its much-improved First Hull Trains service. North Yorkshire has a skeleton train network, with Scarborough and York being the main destinations. The Yorkshire Coast Line connects Hull to Scarborough. The Hull to York Line runs along the north of the Humber through Selby, and takes in Sherburn-in-Elmet and nearby rural stations south of York, being of great use to commuters to York since being reopened in the 1980s.
South of the Humber, Scunthorpe and nearby rural stations are connected by a branch of the main Sheffield to Hull Line (through Doncaster), via the branch from Hatfield and Stainforth, run by Northern Rail. Grimsby is connected (also through Scunthorpe) on First TransPennine Express's South TransPennine route from Sheffield (originating at Manchester Airport).
The region is home to a rail land speed record. On 1 November 1987, a British Rail HST travelled at 238 km/h between Northallerton and Thirsk. The train consisted of power cars 43102 (City of Wakefield)[36] and 43159, and three Mark 3 carriages. This is the world speed record for diesel trains, which used the Paxman Valenta engine.[37]
Mass transit[edit]
Only Sheffield has its own mass-transit system, the Supertram, owned by SYPTE and run by Stagecoach. Leeds and Bradford have more developed commuter rail systems but lack any mass transit system. The Leeds Supertram was an approved scheme in Leeds, however the funding was pulled and the scheme has been replaced by the proposed Leeds Trolleybus scheme. In the past Bradford, Huddersfield, Kingston upon Hull, Leeds, Rotherham, Sheffield and York have all had mass-transit systems.
Airports in the region are Leeds Bradford International Airport at Yeadon, Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield (which opened in April 2005 on the former RAF Finningley) near Doncaster and Humberside Airport (which opened in April 1974 on the former RAF Kirmington) near Brigg in North Lincolnshire. Leeds Bradford International Airport is the largest in the region by passenger numbers, Robin Hood boasts the longest runway (2.7 km) of any airport in the region and Humberside Airport boasts an active heliport.
Sheffield Airport formerly served the city of Sheffield, however the airport struggled to attract many scheduled services and closed following the opening of Robin Hood Doncaster Sheffield Airport.
Lying outside of the region Durham Tees Valley Airport (former RAF Middleton St. George) serves the northernmost areas of the region, being next to the River Tees, and less than a mile from Over Dinsdale on North Yorkshire's northern edge. There are day and night direct rail connections from the region to Manchester Airport.[38] National Express coach services also run directly to London Heathrow Airport from the region.
Hull has daily ferries (former North Sea Ferries) to Zeebrugge and Rotterdam (Europoort).[39] Hull also has a large freight port and an active fishing port. Immingham carries much freight transport via DFDS Tor Line and the Stena Line. Goole is Britain's most inland port and is used mostly for importing commodities such as coal and timber.
The region also has a canal network. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal links West Yorkshire with the North West and the Aire and Calder Navigation links Leeds and the coal fields of West and North Yorkshire with the ports to the East of the region. There are also several smaller canals in the region, often built for quite specific purposes. Many stretches of the smaller canals in the region have been backfilled.
Yorkshire Forward is the Regional Development Agency charged with improving the Yorkshire and Humber economy, where some 270,000 businesses contribute to an economy worth in excess of £80 billion. With over 5 million people living in the region it ranks alongside some small countries including Ireland, Greece, Norway and Singapore.[40] The region has the second lowest rate of GVA in England. However Leeds has a much higher average GVA than most of South Yorkshire. Business Link Yorkshire[41] is on the Capitol Business Park in Dodworth, west of the M1 near Barnsley near the bypass (A628). The region's Manufacturing Advisory Service is at [42] is in Potternewton next to Chapel Allerton Hospital, on the former A61, with two other offices at the Advanced Manufacturing Park, Catcliffe off the A630 Sheffield Parkway, and also on St. Georges Road in the west of Hull.
NHS Yorkshire and the Humber, the regional strategic health authority, is at the roundabout at the bottom of Kirkstall Road in Leeds, with another office ion the north of Sheffield. The charity-funded Yorkshire Air Ambulance is based at Leeds Bradford Airport and Bagby, near Thirsk. The state-funded Yorkshire Ambulance Service is based next to Coca-Cola on the Wakefield 41 Business Park, near the A650.
Yorkshire in the past has been synonymous with coal mining. Many pits closed in the 1990s, with only two in the Pontefract area left at Kellingley and Sharlston. In South Yorkshire, there is Maltby Main Colliery and Hatfield Colliery at Stainforth. The NUM was very Yorkshire-dominated. Coal still plays a part in the economy - there are three large power stations along the Aire Valley, with Drax being the second largest in Europe with 3,945 MW of capacity. The distribution area once looked after by the regional electricity company Yorkshire Electricity is now looked after by YEDL, owned by CE Electric UK.
East and North[edit]
Scunthorpe is where steel is smelted by Tata Steel Europe (former Corus Group before September 2010) in the east of the town; Golden Wonder crisps are made in Frodingham, opposite the steel works; also Esca Food Solutions (another plant was in Milton Keynes before October 2007) make all the beef patties for McDonald's in the UK and Ireland at their factory in Crosby in the north-west of the town, processing around 7000 cattle a week - about 12,000 kg an hour. TSC Foods on the Queensway Ind Estate at the A18/A1029 roundabout in south-east Scunthorpe supply many foodservice products (sauces) to most UK pub chains. Caparo Merchant Bar, next to steel works in Scunthorpe, are the UK's largest producer of merchant bar. Nearby is Tata Steel Wire Rod. Pipers Crisps are on a former airfield next to the A15 at Elsham. There are two large oil refineries west of Immingham, owned by ConocoPhillips (Jet) and Total. Kimberly-Clark make all of its Huggies nappies for Europe at Barton-upon-Humber.
Grimsby is home of England's fishing industry (although most fish is transported from the Peterhead area of Scotland via road), and has many frozen food factories such as Young's Bluecrest. Auto-Trail makes motorhomes on the Europarc at Grimsby, owned by Paris-based Trigano. Wyndeham Gait is a main printer next to the A180/A16 roundabout. Fabricom GDF Suez, an engineering consultancy based on the A1173 in Immingham work in the oil and gas industry.
There is a BP chemical works at Saltend in Hull, and Ineos Enterprises produces vinyl acetate monomer. Croda International, the chemical company, is in East Cowick. Smith & Nephew (wound management division) and Reckitt Benckiser medical and household products companies originated in Hull, and still have large factories there. When Reckitt & Colman merged with the Dutch Benckiser in 1999, much production was moved from Hull to Swindon. Heron Frozen Foods is based there near St Andrew's Quay, and Cranswick plc are a food-processing company based in the north of Hull. Aunt Bessie's is a large food company in the west of Hull near the A63 and Hessle. Nearby Norbert Dentressangle claim to run the largest pea processing factory in the world[43] at the junction of the A1166 and the Clive Sullivan Way (A63), which now supplies all of Birds Eye's peas. Ideal Standard, the plumbing company, now in north Hull next to the Yorkshire Coast Line, was formed in Hull in 1936. Ideal Heating, owned by Stelrad and based nearby, make domestic boilers, and have diversified into air source heat pumps and solar thermal water heaters. Comet, who originated there, had some main offices on George Street. Logan Teleflex (former Fabricom Airport Systems, and owned by Daifuku) makes luggage sorting systems near the B1237/A1033 junction in north Hull. KCOM Group (former Kingston Communications) is an iconic telecommunications company based next to Hull City Hall. Seven Seas, owned by Merck KGaA, make cod liver oil and multivitamins is on the A1033 in Marfleet. Fenner plc is in Hessle. BAE Systems Military Air Solutions (former Blackburn Aircraft, and under threat of imminent closure) at Brough is known as the Home of the Hawk, and recently made the Hawk 128, with a fully digital cockpit. Guardian Industries makes float glass in Goole. Swift Group in Cottingham are the only UK manufacturer of caravans.
There are many RAF bases in North Yorkshire, close to the A1, Catterick Garrison is the largest army base in Europe near Richmond, and the Defence School of Transport Leconfield is near Beverley. RAF Fylingdales is an important, though secret, part of NATO's Ballistic Missile Early Warning System. Nestlé in the UK are based in York, with operations in Halifax. Persimmon plc (the UK's largest builder of houses) is at the A19/A64 junction near Fulford. The Shepherd Building Group (who ownPortakabin) and Portasilo, which makes bulk handling equipment such as silos, are in Huntington, off the A1036 in the east of York. East Coast (former National Express East Coast before November 2009) is near the railway station. Terry's chocolate was closed in September 2005 by its new owner Kraft Foods, and production moved to Poland. Costcutter is based on the A1079 in Dunnington. Best Western Hotels UK are based at Clifton Without.
The Canadian McCain Ltd has been in Scarborough in 1969; Legrand UK make cable management systems at Cayton south of Scarborough on the B1261 next to McCain, and along the road from the coach builder Plaxton. AlphaGraphics UK are based in Seamer. Whitby Seafoods Ltd is in Whitby. Westlers, based on the B1257 in Amotherby make tinned convenience food, and the MoD's military ration packs (also made by Vestey Foods of Coulsdon in London). Dalepak is based in Leeming Bar which is owned by ABP Food Group; Vale of Mowbray have made pork pies in Aiskew since 1928. John Smith's Brewery is at Tadcaster, owned by Heineken UK, which started brewing Newcastle Brown Ale in May 2010,[44] and Samuel Smith Brewery. At Masham, there is the Theakston Brewery and the Black Sheep Brewery. Skipton Building Society is in Skipton. NatWest Streamline, the UK's main merchant account provider, is on the B6162 at Harlow Hill in the west of Harrogate; Principal Hayley Group UK (hotels), is at Oatlands in the south of the town. Silver Cross, the iconic pram manufacturer named after Silver Cross Street in Leeds, is headquartered in Broughton at the junction of the A59 and A56 west of Skipton, although its Heritage prams are made in Bingley (most are made overseas). Quorn is made in Stokesley by Marlow Foods. Slingsby Aviation make gliders and planes in Kirkbymoorside, on the A170. Perry Slingsby Systems (part of Forum Energy Technologies), next to Slingsby make remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs), who have helped to develop the NATO Submarine Rescue System. South of Selby, Saint-Gobain Glass UK (Solaglas) has made float glass for low emissivity windows since 2000 next to the A19 at the A645 roundabout, directly south of the Eggborough power station.
West and South[edit]
Leeds is now a centre of financial services companies,[45][46] with Direct Line[47] and First Direct[48] based there, as well as Asda,[49] Arla Foods UK (maker of Lurpak and Anchor butter) in Stourton near the A639 junction 44 of the M1 (formerly in Kirkstall near Yorkshire Television). The Green Flag roadside recovery firm has its main call centre (in Farsley). HSBC opened their first UK call centre in the city, taking advantage of its advanced communications network which also led to the founding of Freeserve in Leeds. The Department of Health has a large administration operation at Quarry House, a local landmark. The Waddingtons board game company was founded in Leeds, as was the Burton tailoring company (the Burton Group became the Arcadia Group) and M & S. The Tetley's Brewery closed in 2011 and moved operations to Northampton (Carlsberg). Optare make buses in Cross Gates. Dr. Oetker products are made at Colton near the M1 junction and Sherburn-in-Elmet. Craftsman Tools on the A659 in Otley make toolholding systems and fixtures. Aramark UK is in West Park, Leeds. Unilever have their aerosol division at Whinmoor, in north-east Leeds, administrated by Lever Fabergé. It claims to be the largest aerosol factory in the world, and has their research centre, and makes Impulse, Lynx, Dove and Sure. WABCO Vehicle Control Systems UK (air brakes) is in Morley, and QHotels are on Bruntcliffe Road (A650) in Bruntcliffe. Hermes Europe (former Parcelnet before 2009, which was Directline and Speedlink before 1999), based at Capitol Park on the A650 at Topcliffe, is the UK's largest home delivery company, and is part of Grattan's parent company. ATB Morley, on the B6157 next to the Owlcotes Centre and owned by Antriebstechnik AG, make electric motors. Symington's make breakfast cereals on the Thornes Business Park, near the A63. The British Library is sited at Thorpe Arch near Wetherby, home of Goldenfry. Clariant UK, the chemical company, is in Yeadon, with a factory in Horsforth. Daniels Group, makers of New Covent Garden Food Company soups (made on the Europarc in Grimsby), are on the Acorn Business Park, off the A64, next to the Asda at Killingbeck. Leeds is the second largest manufacturing city in the UK, after London.
Morrisons is based in Bradford, as are Club 18-30, Provident Financial, Hallmark Cards UK, Seabrook Potato Crisps, Safestyle UK, Yorkshire Building Society, Stylo, the Grattan (owned by Otto GmbH since 2000)[50] catalogue retailer, and Yorkshire Water. Abbey (soon to be Santander) has its savings division there. The Halifax bank (former Building Society) is based in Halifax, the Yorkshire Bank and Leeds Building Society in Leeds, and the Bradford & Bingley in Bingley. The area between Leeds, Bradford and Wakefield is known as the Rhubarb Triangle.
Ciba Specialty Chemicals (former Allied Colloids) is in Low Moor. Bowers Metrology Group, on the B6381 near the junction with A6177 at Bradford Moor, are a leading measuring instruments company, and part of Spear & Jackson. Federal-Mogul, off the A650 in east Bradford, makes automotive parts. Knightsbridge Furniture is on the B6165 in Lister Hills. Pace plc in Saltaire is the global market leader in set-top boxs. Denso Marston Ltd make car radiators in Shipley.
Reflecting Roadstuds Ltd, where cat's eyes were invented by Percy Shaw, are in Boothtown, in the north of Halifax. Crosslee plc, south of Hipperholme on the A644 towards Brighouse, is Europe's largest independent tumble dryer manufacturer, under the White Knight brand. Calrec Audio, an electronics firm that makes mixing desks, are on the A6033 at Nutclough, Hebden Bridge.
Fox's Biscuits (part of Northern Foods) and Cattles are in Batley. Birkby's Plastics make automotive components in Liversedge, and was the first company in the UK to mould plastic in the First World War. Rieter Automotive make car furnishings on the A638 in Heckmondwike. Poundstretcher is in Deighton east of Huddersfield, and on Leeds Road (A62) Syngenta have a large factory (former ICI then AstraZeneca) manufacturing herbicides and cyhalothrin insecticide. David Brown Ltd. is in Lockwood in Huddersfield; this company owned Aston Martin from 1947–72 and is the company is now part of Textron. In Huddersfield are Cummins Turbo Technologies (former Holset) who make turbochargers, VTL Group make automotive components, Fired Up Group who own Armco Security and Corby of Windsor (trouser press), Brook Crompton (electric motors) and Graham Group (plumbing retail).
Hickson & Welch (owned by Arch Chemicals) were in Castleford and closed in 2005. Netto UK (now owned by Asda) is in South Elmsall. Nestle make Toffee Crisp and After Eight in Castleford (until 2011) and Haribo makes liquorice and Pontefract cakes in Pontefract. Ardagh Glass UK is at Knottingley, with sites at Monk Bretton and Wheatley (Doncaster). Coca-Cola UK claim to have the largest soft drinks factory in the world at its 41 acre site, with 71,000 sq metres of buildings, at Outwood, which was built in 1989, and produces 6,000 cans (over 100 cans a second, on three canning lines) and 3,300 bottles a minute (seven PET bottling lines, the fastest 2 litre bottling plant in the world), producing 100 million cases of soft drinks a year. To keep up with supply, Rexam have a can factory next door. Nearby is the headquarters of Card Factory. Bombardier built trains at Horbury until 2006 where they made CrossCountry's Class 221 Super Voyager and Class 220 Voyager (and were also assembled at the BN plant in Bruges, Belgium and Crespin in France, the former ANF Industrie). Northern Foods are now based at Trinity Business Park off the A636 south of Wakefield town centre. Wakefield Shirt Group is next to the River Calder.
Sheffield is known for its steel industry, which has declined in recent years. Little Chef are based there, in Carbrook near the Don Valley Stadium. Outokumpu (former British Steel Stainless) near the Tinsley Viaduct make stainless steel. Durham Duplex and High Speed and Carbide make razor blades and industrial knives on the B6082 in Wood Hill. Nearby Davy Markham (owned by IVRCL) on the A6102 at Darnall, fabricate steel and it has one of largest engineering workshops in western Europe. In the same area is William Cook Cast Products. Magtec, on the B6083 in Brightside next to the River Don, makes diesel-electric hybrid drive systems that can be retro-fitted to vehicles. Polestar, at Tinsley off the A631 next to the M1, claim to have the most advanced gravure printing plant in Europe. Tinsley Bridge off the A631 makes suspension springs and torsion bars. SIG plc (Europe's largest insulation distributor) and Stanley Tools UK are at the city airport, with a manufacturing plant off the A631 on the Hellaby Ind Estate next to the M18, and had a former site on the B6075 in Sheffield. Cadbury UK (formerly Bassett's) make liquorice allsorts in the north of Sheffield on the A61 next-door to Owlerton Stadium; it is Cadbury's Gum & Liquorice division. Swann Morton is a world-leading manufacturer of scalpel blades and medical equipment at Owlerton opposite Bassetts on the A61. Plusnet (owned by BT), learndirect (owned by Ufi Ltd), UK Online Centres, and Jobcentre Plus are in the city centre. Spear & Jackson, the garden tool company, are in the north of Sheffield. Ronseal is based in Chapeltown in Sheffield.
Rosebys were in Rotherham, before 2008, and KP make their nuts in Eastwood, to the north of the town. MTL Group, a steel fabrication company, is based off the A631 in Brinsworth who claim to have the largest press brake in the world (made by Ursviken). Tata Steel Europe (former Corus) Steel Narrow Strip is in Templeborough and Brinsworth,[51] with the main plant at Aldwarke. LuK UK (owned by the Schaeffler Group) make clutches at Wales, south of Aston near the M1 junction 31 with the A57. Laycast were nearby until November 2006, based off the B6200 at Aston cum Aughton, at which steel flywheels, vibration dampers and compacted graphite iron clutch plates were cast at its foundry. Fresh-Pak Chilled Foods, off the A633 at Waterside Park, Wombwell, make most of the egg mayonnaise (250 tonnes a week) found in British sandwiches and for sandwich fillers.[52] Morphy Richards and Roberts Radio are based between Swinton and Mexborough. Maplin Electronics is based on the former site of Manvers Main Colliery in Wath-upon-Dearne, off the A6023, with the call centre of Orange broadband next door. The UK Commission for Employment and Skills (Sector Skills Councils) is nearby, next to Dearne Valley College. Stelrad in Swinton Bridge is the UK's largest producer of domestic radiators, producing 2.5 million a year, and Europe's leading radiator company, based off the A6022.
Mr Kipling is based at Carlton just north of Barnsley, and makes Battenberg cakes there. Wharncliffe Publishing are in Barnsley, and to the east on the A628 in Oakwell, Potters Europe make glass microspheres for road reflectors. Galpharm International (bought by Perrigo in January 2008) and Koyo Bearings are at Dodworth near Barnsley. Kostal UK make steering column switches and electrical connectors off the A635 at Highgate in Goldthorpe.
DFS is at Adwick le Street near the A1/A638 junction. Crompton Lighting have their main factory in Wheatley Park on the A630 in north-east Doncaster. Wabtec Rail make railway air brakes near Doncaster railway station. DB Schenker Rail (UK) (former EWS) is on the A6182 in the south of Doncaster. Bridon International, a world-leading manufacturer of wire ropes (part of Melrose plc), are based at Balby Carr, off M18 junction 3, and Montracon (vehicle trailers) are headquartered there, with a manufacturing site at Market Weighton. Polypipe (uPVC pipes) is in Edlington. CME Sanitary Systems in Warmsworth (a former division of Polypipe, now owned by Wirquin of France) makes the UK's best selling plastic toilet seats off junction 36 of the A1(M).
The region is home to numerous Premier League and Football League clubs. Leeds United, Sheffield Wednesday, Sheffield United and Huddersfield Town are the most successful clubs in the region in terms of trophies won, each winning 9, 9, 5 and 4 major trophies respectively. Leeds United are the most successful club in terms of European appearances and success, they have also been the UEFA coefficient Top Club on 3 occasions, more than any other English club.
Here is a list of the Football League clubs in the region ranked in their final league position in the 2012–13 season.
- Hull City (2nd in the Championship[53] − promoted to the Premier League)
- Leeds United (13th in the Championship[53])
- Sheffield Wednesday (18th in the Championship[53]
- Huddersfield Town (19th in the Championship[53])
- Barnsley (21st in the Championship[53])
- Doncaster Rovers (1st in League One[54] – promoted to the Championship)
- Sheffield United (5th in League One[54] – qualified for play-offs)
- Scunthorpe United (21st in League One[54] − relegated to League Two)
- Rotherham United (2nd in League Two[55] − promoted to League One)
- Bradford City (7th in League Two[55] − promoted to League One)
- York City (17th in League Two[55])
Rugby League[edit]
The area, similar to north Cheshire and parts of Greater Manchester (along the M62), is synonymous with rugby league. Tanya Arnold, presents the BBC rugby league programme Super League Show.
Local teams are:
- Batley Bulldogs
- Bradford Bulls
- Castleford Tigers
- Dewsbury Rams
- Doncaster RLFC
- Featherstone Rovers
- Halifax RLFC
- Huddersfield Giants
- Hull F.C.
- Hull Kingston Rovers
- Hunslet Hawks
- Keighley Cougars
- Leeds Rhinos
- Sheffield Eagles
- Wakefield Trinity Wildcats
- York City Knights
There are 15 Local Education Authorities in the Yorkshire and Humber region.[56] The schools in each authority are listed in the following -
- List of schools in Barnsley
- List of schools in Bradford
- List of schools in Calderdale
- List of schools in Doncaster
- List of schools in the East Riding of Yorkshire
- List of schools in Hull
- List of schools in Kirklees
- List of schools in Leeds
- List of schools in North East Lincolnshire
- List of schools in North Lincolnshire
- List of schools in North Yorkshire
- List of schools in Rotherham
- List of schools in Sheffield
- List of schools in Wakefield
- List of schools in York
Secondary education[edit]
Schools are mostly comprehensive, with some grammar schools in North Yorkshire, Calderdale and Kirklees.[57]
There are around 235,000 at the region's secondary schools, the 4th lowest for English regions. The region has the highest overall truancy rate in England for both urban and rural areas. Inside the region for districts, Leeds has the highest rate with 6.9% persistent truants at secondary school, then Hull is second with 6.3%. Calderdale has the lowest truancy rate for unitary authorities, almost half that of Leeds, followed by North Lincolnshire. For districts Craven has the lowest rate.
The schools in Hull have often performed among the worst (on average) in England at GCSE[58] after Knowsley in Merseyside. To Hull's credit, three schools in its LEA get above-average GCSE results whereas Knowsley usually has none (it managed two in 2010). Also at GCSE, schools in Barnsley and Bradford have low-achieving results with Barnsley the worst of these, and the lowest in the region in 2010. All three of these areas coincidentally have an above-average teenage pregnancy problem. In past years, Doncaster would be included in this group, but has managed to perform much better. For the metropolitan areas, Calderdale and Wakefield consistently perform the best, with both above the England average. Rotherham usually has the best results in South Yorkshire, but in 2010 it was Doncaster. York and North Yorkshire consistently perform the best at GCSE in the region, and with the East Riding of Yorkshire have results above the UK average.
Schoolchildren in Kingston upon Hull are most likely not to pass any GCSEs - over 6% with Bradford having a similar proportion, closely followed by Sheffield and North East Lincolnshire. The East Riding of Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire have the fewest not passing any GCSEs, followed by York.
For OFSTED inspections across England, the region has the highest proportion of schools (2.7%) with bad behaviour and the lowest proportion (16.3%) of schools with good behaviour. South West England has the best behaving schoolchildren. Inside the region, Hull has the highest proportion (16.7%) of schools with bad behaviour - the worst in England (Wandsworth and Bristol come joint second) - and York schools have the highest proportion (30%) of schools with outstanding behaviour.
At A-level North Lincolnshire, Kirklees, Hull, York and North Yorkshire perform quite well with Kirklees consistently being the best by a large margin and one of the highest in England, all having results above the England average. Wakefield and Calderdale were also close to the England average. The excellent Kirklees result is due to Greenhead College in Huddersfield, and North Lincolnshire's results are due to the John Leggott College, also a sixth form college. The districts of South Yorkshire perform the least in the area at A-level with Rotherham having the best results in this area, slightly below-average, and the other three districts achieve similar results, much lower than those in the former districts of Humberside. Leeds and Bradford now get the lowest results in West Yorkshire.
For both A-level and GCSE, Barnsley and Bradford are very low performing, with Barnsley usually getting the lowest A-level results in the region, but in 2010 North East Lincolnshire came bottom with unusually low results. Hull and northern Lincolnshire have a wide socio-economic diversity – many under-achieving pupils at 16 but with high performers at A-level. Hull, although much worse at GCSE, outperforms the East Riding of Yorkshire at A-level.[59]
School children in North Yorkshire (with York and Kirklees) are the most likely to go to university - they also get the best A level results, and those in the East Riding of Yorkshire are likely to go to university, but get lower overall A level results.
Top twenty state schools in Yorkshire and the Humber (2011 A-level results)[edit]
- 1. Heckmondwike Grammar School (1178)
- 2. Ripon Grammar School
- 3. Ermysted's Grammar School, Skipton
- 4. Greenhead College, Huddersfield
- 5. Fulford School
- 6. The Crossley Heath School, Halifax
- 7. Skipton Girls' High School
- 8. St Mary's Catholic Comprehensive School, Menston
- 9. Shelley College - A Specialist Centre for Science
- 10. Huntington School, York
- 11. The McAuley Catholic High School, Doncaster
- 12. Notre Dame High School, Sheffield
- 13. Dixons City Academy, Bradford
- 14. Ilkley Grammar School
- 15. Stokesley School
- 16. Penistone Grammar School
- 17. Wickersley School and Sports College
- 18. St. Aidan's & St. John Fisher Associated Sixth Form, Harrogate
- 19. Bingley Grammar School
- 20. Tadcaster Grammar School (901)
There are twenty seven FE colleges. The main four colleges are Bradford College, Grimsby Institute, Doncaster College and Hull College.
There are ten universities and three higher education colleges in Yorkshire and the Humber, along with (in 2007) 27 Further Education colleges teaching some Higher Education courses.[61]
The Krebs Cycle was discovered at the University of Sheffield in 1937. Liquid crystal displays were developed by the University of Hull in 1972, in conjunction with the Royal Radar Establishment in Worcestershire. Low fat spreads were developed at the University of Leeds (in conjunction with Unilever) in the 1980s, and in the 1930s William Astbury's x-ray diffraction experiments at the university started the road to the discovery of the double helix structure.
Sheffield Hallam University is the largest in the region with 37,000 students, but does not have the most funding. The University of Leeds is not too far behind. The University of York, a large campus similar to a collegiate university, gets much less funding than Leeds and Sheffield, but has quite a high research grant for its size, about half that of Leeds or Sheffield. The other universities do not have large research grants. Leeds and Sheffield have around twice as much total income than any other university. York and Bradford are the two smallest universities.[citation needed]
For first degree students at universities in the region, 27% are native to the region, 16% are from North West England and 11% from the East Midlands; 48% are from Northern England and around 25% from Southern England.[citation needed] Access to the M62 determines the regions from which the region's universities' students originate from - the nearer there are to the motorway the easier it is to study in the Yorkshire and Humberside region.[clarification needed][citation needed] For first degree students native to the region, 43% stay in the region, 16% go to the North West, 11% to the North East and 11% to the East Midlands; just under 10% go to Southern England, with 70% staying in Northern England.
Once graduated, 53% of the region's universities' graduates (native and non-native) stay to find work in the region, with around 10% moving to the North West (Manchester); 70% stay in Northern England, with 20% going to Southern England.[citation needed]
Local media[edit]
- Local BBC Television comes from BBC Look North in Leeds and BBC Look North in Hull. ITV Yorkshire is on Kirkstall Road to the west of Leeds city centre, which broadcasts Calendar and some national programming. Digital switchover took place in August 2011 for most of the region, with Emley Moor (the main TV transmitter for West and South Yorkshire) converting to digital in mid-September. Emley Moor is the tallest free-standing structure in the UK, and the 25th tallest in the world, and was designed by Ove Arup. The original tower famously collapsed in March 1969. Bilsdale, the region's other main TV transmitter which covers North Yorkshire and transmits BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV Tyne Tees, changed in September 2012.
- BBC Radios Humberside, Leeds, Sheffield and York.
- Local commercial stations include Dearne FM (Barnsley), The Pulse of West Yorkshire (Bradford), Trax FM (Doncaster), Compass FM (Grimsby), 97.2 Stray FM (Harrogate), Home 107.9 (Huddersfield), 96.9 Viking FM (Hull), Rother FM, 96.3 Radio Aire (Leeds), Yorkshire Coast Radio (Scarborough), Hallam FM (Sheffield), Fresh Radio (Skipton), Real Radio (Tingley), Ridings FM (Wakefield), Capital Yorkshire (formerly Galaxy Yorkshire) and Minster FM (York).
- National radio is broadcast from Belmont in the south-east, Bilsdale for North Yorkshire, and Holme Moss for South and West Yorkshire. Moorside Edge east of Scammonden Water near the M62 is a main 5 Live transmitter on 909MW.
- Local newspapers are the Bradford Telegraph and Argus, Evening Courier, Grimsby Telegraph, Huddersfield Examiner, Hull Daily Mail, Scarborough Evening News, Scunthorpe Telegraph, Sheffield Star, The Press (York), Wakefield Express, Yorkshire Evening Post and Yorkshire Post.[62][63]
- Yorkshire and Humberside are very supportive in their approach to theatre and performance festivals and hold regional championships for young performers every 2 years. The championship is sectioned in Dance, Music and Speech & Drama. The most recent championship was held on Saturday 8 September, at St Margaret's Church Hall, Horsforth in Leeds. Helen Wilson, of Harrogate, titled Music Champion and with 17-year old Lee Peart, of Cleethorpes, winning the Speech & Drama championship.[64]
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- ^ "North Yorkshire 2006-11 Local Transport Plan". North Yorkshire County Council. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ "South Yorkshire 2006-11 Local Transport Plan". South Yorkshire Integrated Transport Authority. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ "West Yorkshire 2006-11 Local Transport Plan". West Yorkshire Local Transport Plan Partnership. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ "2006-11 Local Transport Plan". City of York Council. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ Philips Motoring Atlas:Britain. London: Philips. 2005.
- ^ "Network Rail". www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk. Retrieved 5 October 2008.[dead link]
- ^ City of Wakefield train
- ^ HST record
- ^ "Yorkshire travel information centre, Airlines, Airports, Ferries, Canal Holidays, Yorkshire, Northern England". www.yorkshirenet.co.uk. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "Hull to Zeebrugge ferries to Belgium - P&O Ferries". www.poferries.com. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "Yorkshire Forward". Retrieved 12 May 2008.[dead link]
- ^ Business Link Yorkshire
- ^ Manufacturing Advisory Service
- ^ World's largest pea processing factory
- ^ "Closure of Dunston Newcastle Brwn Ale plant". BBC News. 21 May 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2010.
- ^ "Major study predicts continued growth for financial services in Leeds - Yorkshire Forward". www.yorkshire-forward.com. Retrieved 5 October 2008.[dead link]
- ^ "Discovering Leeds - Industrial Leeds". www.leeds.gov.uk. Retrieved 5 October 2008.[dead link]
- ^ "Direct Line House, Leeds". www.leedsonline.co.uk. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "First Direct, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS10 - Contact Details". iWest Yorkshire. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "Corporate Watch : Asda Wal-Mart : Who, Where, How Much?". www.corporatewatch.org.uk. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
- ^ "Grattan - a background history on Grattan Catalogues". www.thecatalogshop.co.uk. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "Tata Narrow Strip". Tatasteeleurope.com. Retrieved 29 December 2010.
- ^ Fresh Pak
- ^ a b c d e "League Tables: The Football League (Championship)". The Football League. The Football League Limited and FL Interactive Limited. 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
- ^ a b c "League Tables: The Football League (League 1)". The Football League. The Football League Limited and FL Interactive Limited. 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
- ^ a b c "League Tables: The Football League (League 2)". The Football League. The Football League Limited and FL Interactive Limited. 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
- ^ "Region - Yorkshire & the Humber". Dcsf.gov.uk. Retrieved 22 May 2009.[dead link]
- ^ "Schools Web Directory UK". www.schoolswebdirectory.co.uk. Retrieved 1 October 2008.
- ^ "Hull City Council : School performance". www.hullcc.gov.uk. Retrieved 1 October 2008.
- ^ "Schools Web Directory UK". www.schoolswebdirectory.co.uk. Retrieved 1 October 2008.
- ^ "League Tables - English Secondary Schools 2011". BBC. 21 March 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
- ^ "HEFCE" (PDF). Retrieved 29 December 2010.
- ^ "Yorkshire Media Centre, Yorkshire, Northern England". www.yorkshirenet.co.uk. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "Yorkshire UK News Media - Yorkshire newspapers, magazines, radio and TV stations". www.mondotimes.com. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
- ^ "arts funding in yorkshire and the humber 2005/06" (PDF). Arts Council England. Archived from the original on 1 April 2007. Retrieved 5 October 2008.
External links[edit]
- Government Office for Yorkshire and the Humber
- Local Government Yorkshire and Humber
- Yorkshire Forward
- Yorkshire and Humber Faiths Forum
- Yorkshireeurope - Yorkshire and Humber working in Europe
- Yorkshire and Humber Assembly Information Pack
- The Northern Way
- Yorkshire Chemical Focus


text:
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Suggested Reading on Men's Health by Our Doctors
Related Diseases & Conditions
34 articles-
Colon Cancer
- Colon cancer is a malignancy that arises from the inner lining of the colon. Most, if not all, of these cancers develop from colonic polyps. Removal of
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
- A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of the bladder, kidneys, ureters, or urethra. E. coli, a type of bacteria that lives in the bowel and near
Bladder Infection (Cystitis)
- Bladder infection is an infection of the bladder, usually caused by bacteria or, rarely, by Candida. Certain people, including females, the elderly,
Testicular Pain (Pain in the Testicles)
- Testicular pain, or pain in the testicle or testicles are caused by a variety of diseases or conditions such as testicular trauma, testicular torsion,
Diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2)
- Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by high levels of sugar (glucose) in the blood. The two types of diabetes are referred to as type
Testicular Cancer
- Testicular cancer symptoms include a painless lump or swelling in a testicle, testicle or scrotum pain, a dull ache in the abdomen, back, or groin, and
- Stress occurs when forces from the outside world impinge on the individual. Stress is a normal part of life. However, over-stress, can be harmful. There
Cystic Fibrosis
- Cystic fibrosis is a disease of the mucus and sweat glands. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease. The outcome of the disease leaves the body malnourished,
Blood In Semen
- Blood in semen is also known as hematospermia. Blood in semen can be caused by many conditions affecting the tubes that distribute semen from the testicles
Sleep Apnea
- Sleep apnea is defined as a reduction or cessation of breathing during sleep. The three types of sleep apnea are central apnea, obstructive apnea (OSA),
Myasthenia Gravis
- Myasthenia gravis, a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease. Varying degrees of weakness of the voluntary muscles of the body are the main characteristics.
- Fatigue can be described in various ways. Sometimes fatigue is described as feeling a lack of energy and motivation (both mental and physical). The causes
- Gynecomastia, an enlargement of the gland tissue in the male breast is the caused by an imbalance of hormones. Certain medical conditions may also lead
Sexual (Sex) Problems in Men
- Male sexual dysfunction can be caused by physical or psychological problems. Common sexual problems in men include erectile dysfunction (impotence or ED),
Prostate Problem Warning Signs
- Prostate problems are common in men over the age of 50. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, acute bacterial prostatis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and chronic
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH or enlarged prostate) is very common in men over 50 years of age. This noncancerous enlargement of the prostate can impede
Penis Cancer
- Signs and symptoms of penile cancer include a lump on the penis and redness, irritation, or a sore on the penis. Risk of penis cancer is higher in uncircumcised
Male Breast Cancer
- Male breast cancer accounts for 1% of all breast cancers, and most cases are found in men between the ages of 60 and 70. A man's risk of developing breast
Low Testosterone (Low T)
- Low testosterone (low-T) can be caused by hypogonadism, conditions such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, liver or kidney disease, hormonal disorders, and certain
Date Rape Drugs
- Date rape drugs such as GHB, rohypnol, and ketamine are sometimes used to assist in a sexual assault. Symptoms and signs of intoxication by one of these
- Learn more about cavities including symptoms, treatment, and prevention. See how tooth decay, plaque, and bacteria contribute to the creation of cavities
Erectile Dysfunction (Impotence)
- Impotence, also known as erectile dysfunction, is a common problem among men characterized by the consistent inability to sustain an erection sufficient
- A stroke is an interruption of the blood supply to part of the brain caused by either a blood clot (ischemic) or bleeding (hemorrhagic). Symptoms of a
- Hydrocele is a collection of clear fluid in a thin walled sack that also contains the testicle. Hydroceles are more common in males than females. There
Blood in the Stool (Rectal Bleeding)
- Rectal bleeding (blood in the stool) can be caused by a variety of benign conditions such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, infections, or diverticulitis.
- Prostatitis is a painful condition of the prostate gland. There are four types of prostatitis, acute bacterial, chronic bacterial, chronic pelvic pain
Urinary Incontinence
- There are many types of urinary incontinence (UI), which is the accidental leakage of urine. These types include stress incontinence, urge incontinence,
Male Menopause
- Male menopause refers to the decline in testosterone production in men. As men age, they often experience many of the same symptoms that women experience
Prostate Cancer
- Prostate cancer is an uncontrolled (malignant) growth of cells in the prostate gland. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death of males in
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It's Hatched! 46 Bought
Give yourself the gift of time, relaxation and a clean house with today's deal from Capital Green Clean. Need a small, yet intense cleaning? With option one you get two hours worth of intensive house cleaning. Have a larger job? Use option two for four hours worth of cleaning time. The size of the crew is determined by size of project list or home at time of booking. You will have your home back, super-clean, in no time.
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text:
Indian Law Employment & Scholarship Opportunities
- 2013 Summer Law Clerk, Rosette, LLP. Forward resume, cover letter, unofficial transcript and writing sample to Leigh Wink at email@example.com
- Indian Law Attorney Vacancies, Office of the Solicitor, US Dept of Interior, Washington, DC, Atlanta, and Sacramento
- Associate General Counsel, the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Elwha Reservation, WA (Closes on Mar. 15, 2013)
- Associate Attorney, Fredericks Peebles & Morgan, Omaha, NE (Open until filled)
- Director, Office of Hearings and Appeals, Arlington, VA (Closes on Mar. 18, 2013)
- Indian Child Welfare Attorney, Puyallup Tribes
- Tribal Court Prosecutor- Pueblo of Isleta
- Associate General Legal Counsel- Pueblo of Isleta
- Nez Perce Tribal Court Chief Judge Position
- Wisconsin Judicare Indian Law Attorney Job Posting
- Northwest Justice Project Legal Assistant
- Indian Law Resource Center 2013 Fellowships and Clerkships
Scholarship Opportunities
Other Employment Opportunities
- Assistant United States Attorney, US Attorney's Office, Western District of Washington, Seattle, WA (Closes on Feb. 27, 2013)
- Experienced Litigator, Environment and Natural Resources Division, Environmental Crimes Section, US Dept of Justice, Washington, DC (Closes on Mar. 5, 2013)
- Trial Attorney, Public Integrity Section, US Dept of Justice, Washington, DC (Closes on Mar. 15, 2013)
- Attorney-Advisor, Consolidated Legal Center, Federal Bureau of Prisons, US Dept of Justice, Phoenix, AZ (Closes on Mar. 1, 2013)
- Fellowship Opportunity, Immigrants' Rights Project, ACLU Foundation, New York or San Francisco (Open until filled)
- Legislative Counsel/Lobbyist, ACLU, Washington, DC (Open until filled)
- Senior Staff Attorney or Staff Attorney, South Central Regional Office, Lambda Legal, Dallas, TX (Open until filled)
- Udall Foundation 2011 Summer Internship Opportunity
- Seattle City's Attorney Summer Internship Opportunity
- US DOJ Civil Rights Division Job Opportunities


text:
Geology majors and minors study the formation, history, composition and structure of our planet. At Calvin, we believe that the more we know about the earth, the better equipped we are to care for God's creation.
In Calvin's geology program, you will be exposed to a wide range of geological topics, including paleontology, oceanography, prehistory and mineralogy. You'll also have these opportunities:
See job placement rates for Calvin grads.
Spend a summer gaining research experience in your field; join the ESC (Environmental Stewardship Coalition); Travel to West Virginia on spring break to petition against mountaintop removal.
(37-40 semester hours)
Students who desire a BS degree must complete a minimum of 58 semester hours of science and mathematics. Students who wish to pursue a career or graduate study in geology and who desire a BS degree must complete the minimum requirements of the geology major and should also take the following courses:
(23-24 semester hours)
Dollar amounts reflect awards given for the 2012-13 academic year.
Ralph Stearley
Deanna van Dijk |
Gerry Van Kooten |
Ralph Stearley |
Interested in teaching? You can gain certification in Geology as a:
Calvin's teacher education program also contains education-specific course requirements that you must complete prior to certification. See course requirements for:


text:
Search our database of handpicked sites
Looking for a great physics site? We've tracked down the very best and checked them for accuracy. Just fill out the fields below and we'll do the rest.
You searched for "Magnus effect"
We found 16 results on physics.org and 136 results in our database of sites
(of which
127 are Websites,
5 are Videos,
and 4 are Experiments)
Search results on physics.org
All about... the International Space Station
Faking Mayhem
What is radioactivity?
How does GPS work?
What is cavitation?
How do 3D films work?
Why do teapots drip?
What causes the Earth's magnetic field?
Could your phone harm your health?
How weird is quantum?
Are lightsabers possible?
Are we really all made of stardust?
Who is Stephen Hawking?
Laser pest control
What is a kilogram?
How do no-fly zones work?
Lift of a rotating cylinder
A NASA page examining how a rotating cylinder is lifted using the magnus effect. Includes a java simulator so you can experiment yourself.
A program which models the gravitational effects of different bodies in different systems. This program is simple and shows the effect of gravity very well.
Accelerated Travels
A look at the combined effect on distance from an origin of distance traveled and relativistic effects during accelerated travel.
Convection in a Box
Brief description of some experiments with smoke in a closed box, with normal convection currents and odd effects, includes diagrams and discussion of effects.
Biological Effects of Low-Level, Electromagnetic Fields
Statements from the Institution of Engineering and Technology on the possible health effects of EM fields and radiation from power lines, mobile phones and their associated base stations.
Quantum biology: Do weird physics effects abound in nature?
Read how biology exploit quantum effects to harness nature.
Photo Effect
The site is an interactive page to study the photoelectric effect on different materials (sodium, cesium and silver) by changing the wavelength and the intensity of the light.
How Blue Screen Special Effects Work
Explains how Blue Screen Special Effects for television and movies work. From HowStuffWorks.com.
The Doppler Effect
A short film explaining the Doppler effect in simple, easy to understand terms. Nominated for the SciCast competition.


text:
Aninoasa, Romania
By Bogdan Cristel
Getting to Jiu Valley – once home to a powerful coal mining industry that has since fallen on bad times – is difficult. The main road there is currently closed to traffic three days a week because of repair works, so I arrived in the small Jiu Valley town of Aninoasa after driving for 7 hours on detour roads. It is roughly 330 kms (205 miles) to Aninoasa from the Romanian capital Bucharest.
Aninoasa is the oldest town in Hunedoara County, mentioned as far back as 1453 AD. But earlier this year it also became the first town in Romania to have filed for insolvency. It is a small town, with simple houses and ramshackle communist-era apartment buildings to house coal miners.
But the hard coal mine was closed in 2006, after it became too costly, low yielding and outdated to maintain. Today there are only a few coal mines still left in Jiu Valley. Unfortunately for Aninoasa, no replacement jobs have been created since the mine closed. At the abandoned mining site, goats graze and children play.
The mine grounds are empty and decaying, although some walls still show notices and labor warnings from their glory days: "Please Keep Clean!"
Without local prospects, lots of young people have left, seeking jobs abroad. Many of those remaining in Aninoasa are retired, and their monthly pensions are practically the only funds keeping the town alive.


text:
Queens 26th Assembly District: A Low-Budget Race in Bayside
Assemblymember Ann Margaret Carrozza is running for re-election in the 26th Assembly District. First elected in 1996, Carrozza has primarily sponsored legislation that focus on health and senior citizen's issues. Carrozza has also been endorsed by the Working Families Party.
Own disease is used to collect protests without the tobacco to behavior allergies. http://acheterkamagra100mgfrance.com Together he remained for about a ubisoft, paying, during that stroll, a generic acupuncture to khotan.Carrozza faces Republican candidate Robert Speranza in this election. Speranza is a retired police officer who was one of the responders on Sept. 11, 2001. He is currently a member of Queens Community Board 11, representing Bayside.
Carrozza has little in the way of campaign funds, having collected about $150 in contributions and showing a campaign balance of $3,555 at the beginning of October. Speranza filed a "no activity statement."
The comments section is provided as a free service to our readers. Gotham Gazette's editors reserve the right to delete any comments. Some reasons why comments might get deleted: inappropriate or offensive content, off-topic remarks or spam.


text:
Edward O. Volkman Jr., "Red," 81, of Linden, died Monday, Jan. 14, 2013, at The Gatehouse of Divine Providence Hospital.
Born Dec. 27, 1931, he was a son of Edward O. Sr. and Erna (Lentz) Volkman.
Edward was an Army Air Corps veteran of the Korean War and had owned and operated Volkman's Electronics for over 50 years.
Article Photos
Surviving are his wife of 44 years, Anna L. (Shirey) Volkman; and two brother-in-laws, Robert and David Shirey.
In keeping with his wishes, there will be no services.
Arrangements entrusted to Sanders Mortuary.


text:
Submit News
Apple Records Q2 Revenue of $39.2B; 35.1M iPhones, 11.8M iPads Sold
Brandon Hill
April 24, 2012 4:30 PM
comment(s) - last by
May 14
Recipient E-mail
Sender E-mail
Apple continues to put up impressive numbers
Over the past few months, Apple's stock value has been on a wild rollercoaster ride.
crossed the
$500/share threshold
in early February, and passed by
$600/share in March
. The stock peaked at $644/share earlier this month, but has since plummeted back down to around $560/share (at market close today).
During Q1, Apple released its
third generation iPad
, which once again proved to be a sales blockbuster, breaking previous records set by the iPad 2. The company also released a revamped Apple TV during the quarter, but Apple's "hobby" doesn't exactly set enthusiasts' hearts ablaze.
With that in mind, Apple today released its fiscal Q2 earnings report. The company reported revenue of $39.2 billion versus Wall Street estimates of $36.81 billion. Net profit rang in at $11.6 billion while earnings per share (EPS) came in at $12.10 versus a consensus of $10.04.
When it comes to device sales, the Cupertino, California-based company saw iPhone sales of 35.1 million (88 percent year-over year growth) -- during Q1, AT&T and Verizon alone activated
4.3 million and 3.2 million iPhones respectively
. When it comes to the iPad, Apple recorded the sale of 11.8 million units.
Apple's Mac business saw a seven percent year-over-year increase to 4 million units. On the other hand, Apple's once red hot iPod business saw a 15 percent year-over-year decline to 7.7 million units.
"We're thrilled with sales of over 35 million iPhones and almost 12 million iPads in the March quarter," said Apple CEO Tim Cook. "The new iPad is off to a great start, and across the year you're going to see a lot more of the kind of innovation that only Apple can deliver."
AAPL is up over 6 percent in after hours trading to $598.
remember me
This article is over a month old, voting and posting comments is disabled
RE: Magical Numbers
Tony Swash
Tony Swash
Tony Swash of DT or Barrons
I think Ill take the advice of Barrons over Tony Swash.
You don't have to take my word for it :)
Topeka's Brian White: #1 in Consumers' Hearts, Apple Fever Rocks On.
"Last night, Apple's performance once again demonstrated how quickly Apple fever is spreading around the world and this trend continues to drive meaningful upside in the Company's financial results. We believe the negative vibes that have held back the stock over the past couple of weeks will now be replaced with the fear of missing the next leg up." Raises price target to $1,111.
Goldman Sachs' Bill Shope:
Surprising upside likely to reignite the rally. "The sharp upside in iPhones and a favorable commodity cost environment also allowed gross margins to come in at a record 47.4%, versus our estimate of 43.5%. Operating margins of 39.3% also represented a new record for the company... Out of all the good news in the quarter, we believe Apple's margin upside has the most important long-term implications for the story. While these margins should come down in quarters where iPhone mix is less substantial, the results suggest that annual margins can sustainably be much higher than investors previously appreciated. This substantially increases long-term earnings and cash flow generation potential. Raising price target to $850.
ISI's Brian Marshall:
Let the Asymmetric Alpha Generation Resume. "2 Perfect Quarters in a Row? When AAPL beat its revenue guidance by ~25% and EPS guidance by ~50% last quarter, we called it the "perfect" quarter. AAPL managed to again deliver huge upside in the Mar-12 quarter." Raising price target to $750.
J.P. Morgan's Mark Moskowitz:
Those Are Really Big Numbers; Customer Affinity for Apple Devices Intensifies. "Apple continues to defy the law of large numbers with ongoing momentum across all of its major product lines. After setting all-time revenue and EPS records in the seasonally strong Dec-Q, Apple followed that up with its second best quarter ever and records for a Mar-Q. The company's results are a testament to Apple's optimization of the end user experience, in our view." Price target: $715.
Canaacord Genuity's T. Michael Walkley:
Strong Quarter. "Apple generated an astonishing $14B in cash from operations during the quarter and ended the March quarter with $110.2B in cash and cash equivalents, representing a remarkable $117 in cash per share. Based on the closing price of $560 per share, Apple is trading at roughly 8x our updated F2013 estimate after backing out the $117 in cash per share. With Apple returning cash to shareholders through its dividend and buyback programs starting later this year, we believe Apple remains a compelling investment." Raising price target to $775.
Morningstar's Michael Holt:
Surging iPhone Sales Propel Apple to Another Stellar Quarter. "The clear standout metric, however, was Apple's gross margin of 47.4%, up 600 basis points year over year and 270 basis points sequentially. The ability to expand the gross margin and deliver massive unit shipment growth signals that Apple is having no trouble moving premium-priced units." Fair value estimate: $670 per share.
Citi's Richard Gardner:
Yet Another iPhone Blow-Out. "While we continue to see potential for a merely in-line quarter at some point this year ahead of the iPhone 5 transition, valuation is not demanding and we would be aggressive buyers on any potential weakness." Raising price target to $720.
"If they're going to pirate somebody, we want it to be us rather than somebody else." -- Microsoft Business Group President Jeff Raikes
Related Articles
AT&T Posts Strong Earnings, iPhone Activations Drop 43% from Previous Quarter
April 24, 2012, 1:18 PM
Update: Apple Announces Dividend for Q4, $10B Share Repurchase for 2013; Closes Above $600
March 19, 2012, 5:12 PM
Apple Launches Third Generation iPad with Retina Display, LTE; 16GB iPad 2 Drops to $399
March 7, 2012, 1:29 PM
Quick Note: Apple Stock Surges Past $500/Share
February 13, 2012, 10:09 AM
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text:
Retro Sidescroller Shooter. Kill enemies, buy guns and upgrade your character!
4.05 / 5.00 69,590 Viewschoose your own adventure in a fun game of escape high school, please write me reviews to tell me what i did wriong and what i did right to get peoples attention.
It's a good name, but needs a lot of improvement. I've seen grammatical errors. And the graphics need to be good. You should put many good choices so that it can be enjoyable and exciting. Add some good and appropriate musics and details.
Love it!
I love choose your own adventure games!but...this game still needs work for example,put more ways to escape(To escape you have to go to school,get a late slip,sit down,put up your hand,bathroom and three)put some music,more details and more chooses.
Oh and...the one to move to the back of the class is broken so...You'll have to fix it
the part in the hallway i cant press shit better luck next time
Like most siad, just work on the art side of things. Perhaps add some more looping animations to make it interesting or something. And some backgrounds. No one has a bed in the middle of nothing.
It's not an entirely complex theme to begin with, but good for a test.


text:
Bee balm is a vital element in summer gardens, combining beautifully with other perennials, ornamental grasses, and annuals. The aromatic foliage adds garden fragrance: You may recognize the scent from Earl Grey tea, which gets its unique flavor from oil of bergamot (another name for bee balm). The crownlike flowers in eye-catching shades of red, pink, and purple can bloom for more than a month.
Plant Facts Common name: Bee balm Botanical name: Monarda didyma Plant type: Herbaceous perennial Zones: 4 to 9 Height: 3 feet Family: Lamiaceae, mint family Growing conditions
Pests and diseases
Garden notes
All in the family
(Text and photo by Nancy Rose)
There are currently no comments, be the first to post one.


text:
Mugaritz: A Natural Science of Cooking – An Introduction In the past few years, especially the last decade, Spain had overtook France (which had been the world's culinary leaders for the last two centuries) to be the innovators in today's modern cuisine. In history, every generation will rise a great chef with their impact and legacies on the gastronomic [...]
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