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Spanish Coffee Recipe from Absinthe
Sugar for coating rim of glass
1 ounce 151-proof rum
ground cinnamon (preferably in a shakable container)
4 ounces hot coffee
1/2 ounce Kahlúa
1/2 ounce brandy
whipped cream
Coat the rim of a wineglass with sugar, and pour the rum into the glass. Using a lighter, ignite the rum. Being careful not to tip the rim of the glass toward the ground, twist the glass in your fingers and sprinkle the fire with cinnamon. (Be careful: This will generate some large bursts of fire!) When sugar is caramelized around the rim of the glass, put the fire out by pouring coffee into the glass. Finish with Kahlúa and brandy, and top with whipped cream.
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Files | Admin
Notes: See change log Changes: ===> 0.2.2 Just changed the name because some people thought it was self-promotion. I was really going for a Java-like naming scheme, since I like giving my stuff obvious names, but wanted to avoid name conflicts as much as possible. Also, don't sell anything at celsoft.com. Maybe I should!


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Friedo at The Butcher Shop
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Manhattan transfer
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Alternative Breaks
The Center for Civic Engagement sponsors an Alternative Winter Break (AWB) and Alternative Spring Break (ASB) every year. Past Alternative Winter Breaks have included various trips to New Orleans working with Hands On New Orleans, Common Ground, and Habitat for Humanity on hurricane relief projects, and a trip to Tuscaloosa, Alabama volunteering with Compassion Coalition, Volunteer Reception Center, and Habitat for Humanity on tornado relief. Alternative Spring Breaks have included an international trip to Guatemala, two trips to Savannah, Georgia, one working with nonprofits in the City of Atlanta, and our most recent trip to Charleston, South Carolina.
What is an alternative break? An alternative break is a service trip in which a group of students tackles a community issue by spending a school break learning about the issue and serving the community. Alternative breaks provide affordable, fun, and rewarding options for school breaks while donating time and talent to communities.
Photo on left: Amanda Frotscher '12 and Ally Hayden '14 take a break from volunteering during ASB 2011 to practice their Spanish with their host family's children in Lake Atilan, Guatemala.
What do I need to know about alternative breaks?
Upcoming 2012-2013 Alternative Break Trips January 2013: New Orleans, LA March 2013: Guatemala For more information on our upcoming trips or to apply, please stop by the CCE or contact Heather Staniszewski. Past Alternative Breaks
Alternative Winter Break 2013: New Orleans, Lousiana During AWB 20123, students and staff members traveled to New Orleans, Lousiana to help with Hurricane Katrina Relief efforts. Volunteers gave a week of service helping remodel damaged homes in the lower 9th ward with Habitat for Humanity; packaged food items for families in need with Second Harvest Food Pantry; and prepared fun activities for the United Saints Recovery Project afterschool program. Throughout the week, students learned about the importance of cooperation, patience, accepting others and appreciating the basic necessities we frequently take for granted. Students toured the Columbia Parc area (modeled after Atlanta's own East Lake community), and discussed how the community has changed since Hurricane Katrina; heard a presentation by the Terrebonne Parish Chairwoman; and spoke with an educator from KIPP Elementary School in New Orleans Parish. Students also explored downtown New Orleans, participated in several teambuilding activities, and enjoyed Lousiana-style dining.
Return to the CCE Homepage


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Advocate for Indians 165 Modem History of the Utah Utes. In 1957, John wrote the first (and only) chapter for this book which he was unable to complete. It reads as follows: THE SPECIAL INDIAN GRAZING UNIT During my tenure in the United States Attorney's office, from 1933 to 1946, I became generally familiar with the struggles of the Ute Indian Tribe to withstand the onslaught of the non-Indian livestock industry. The private livestock business, with its public implications, was not exclusively predicated upon private ownership. It relied very substantially upon the special privilege of a small segment of our society to graze livestock upon the public domain, a privilege that had found a measure of security under the terms of the Taylor Grazing Act of June 28, 1934, (48 Stat. 1269), as later amended. This degree of security was not without its price to cattle and sheep men. The promulgation of "game rules" was not only an effective means of slapping down the newcomer, it touched off an interior strife for survival. And I do mean interior in its dual sense. The Department of the Interior had become the umpire with a charge to halt the overgrazing that threatened a reckless waste of our natural resources, while the interior of the livestock industry was seething to determine who, under the new rules, could be reduced in range privileges or perhaps eliminated entirely. A third interior might be added for the battle that ensued left many with their interiors exposed. The Ute Indians in Utah were generally unschooled in this aspect of civilized culture and seemed easy prey to make non-Indian elbow room. The lands we view today were encompassed within Unit G. District No. 8, Utah. The Uncompahgre Utes were moved from Colorado to the "unoccupied agricultural lands as may be found in.. .the Territory of Utah," near the "mouth of the Gumison River" on the "Grand River" or Colorado River as it is now known. (Agreement of March 6, 1880, ratified June 15,1880,21 Stat. 199). In this vicinity in Utah, next to the Colorado border,
Object Description
Rating | |
Title | John S. Boyden: three score and ten in retrospect |
Creator | Boyden, Orpha Amanda Sweeten |
Subject | Boyden, John Sterling, 1906-1980; Democratic Party -- Utah; Coalville (Utah) -- History |
Description | Life story of John S. Boyden, including his experiences in Coalville, Utah, law practice, participation in the Utah Democratic Party, family life, church involvement, and advocacy for Indians. |
Source | Boyden |
Date Digital | 2008-01 |
Date Original | 1986 |
Type | text |
Format | text/pdf |
Digitization Specs | JPEG image for display. Archived TIFF image was scanned at 300 dpi with a CreoScitex EverSmart Jazz+ scanner. |
Contributing Institution | Sherratt Library, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah |
Publisher | Southern Utah State College Press |
Language | eng |
Genre | Biography |
Website | http://www.li.suu.edu/library/digitization/boyden.html |
Rights Management | Digital image c2008 Sherratt Library, Southern Utah University. All rights reserved. |
CONTENTdm file name | 1144.cpd |
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Quick Facts
Best Known For
Steve Case co-founded and served as CEO of America Online (AOL), overseeing the massive merger that created AOL Time Warner Inc. He served as chairman of AOL Time Warner Inc. until his resignation in 2003.
Think you know about Biography?
Answer questions and see how you rank against other players.
Play NowSteve Case. (2014). The Biography Channel website. Retrieved 06:13, Mar 09, 2014, from http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879.
Steve Case. [Internet]. 2014. The Biography Channel website. Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879 [Accessed 09 Mar 2014].
"Steve Case." 2014. The Biography Channel website. Mar 09 2014, 06:13 http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879.
"Steve Case," The Biography Channel website, 2014, http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879 [accessed Mar 09, 2014].
"Steve Case," The Biography Channel website, http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879 (accessed Mar 09, 2014).
Steve Case [Internet]. The Biography Channel website; 2014 [cited 2014 Mar 09] Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879.
Steve Case, http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879 (last visited Mar 09, 2014).
Steve Case. The Biography Channel website. 2014. Available at: http://www.biography.com/people/steve-case-40879. Accessed Mar 09, 2014.
Steve Case was born on August 21, 1958, in Honolulu, Hawaii. In 1983, he was hired as a marketing consultant for Control Video. That company eventually morphed into America Online (AOL), and Case became CEO in 1991. Under Case's watch, AOL went through a massive $350 billion merger with Time Warner. Case served as chairman of AOL Time Warner Inc. until his resignation in 2003. In 2011,
he was selected by President Barack Obama to serve as chairman of the Startup America Partnership.
Early Career
Entrepreneur and businessman Stephen McConnell Case was born on August 21, 1958, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Case began his entrepreneurial career at age 6, when he and his older brother set up a juice stand, selling lime juice for 2¢ a cup. Not long after, the brothers established Case Enterprises, which sold seeds and greeting cards through the mail and with door-to-door sales. Case attended Williams College, where he showed an avid interest in music: He wrote rock reviews for small local papers in order to get free concert tickets and albums and sang with two new-wave rock groups.
Case put his entrepreneurial instincts on hold after graduating with a B.A. in political science in 1980. He went to work for Proctor & Gamble, where he marketed hair care products, including Lilt home permanents. Later he joined PepsiCo, where he managed new pizza development for PepsiCo's Pizza Hut division from 1982-1983. His job required extensive travel, visiting restaurants in the field to sample new pizza varieties.
By 1983, he missed the entrepreneurial life. That year he stopped at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas with his older brother Dan, who worked at the high-profile venture capitalist firm Hambrecht & Quist. Dan introduced him to the founders of Control Video (a gaming service for Atari computer users), who offered Case a job as marketing assistant.
America Online Formation
Case took the job and stayed with the company during several years of turmoil, recruiting capital for the company. In 1985, the company changed its name to Quantum Computer Services and focused on providing online service for Commodore computer users. Case also struck online service deals with the Apple and Tandy Corporations. In 1991, Case held a company contest to pick a new name for the firm, and selected America Online (AOL), the name he suggested himself.
The following year, Case became CEO of the company. With only 200,000 members, AOL lagged behind CompuServe and Prodigy, while other players were rapidly entering the market. The company went public in 1992, raising $66 million, which Case directed toward rapid growth.
Significant Acquisitions
Through aggressive marketing that included packaging AOL disks in magazines or sending them through a direct-mail campaign, membership grew steadily through the 1990s, reaching 17 million members in 1999. Despite growing pains, which included occasional service blackouts and busy signals that enraged customers, the company continued to grow, successfully outlasting threats by Microsoft, and by the development of the World Wide Web itself.
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SKU: 277902 Weight: 1.15
In stock
List Price:$29.30 Your Price:$21.40 You Save: $7.90 (27%) International customers, please view our shipping page for information on additional shipping fees. CLICK HERE
MANUSCRIPT PEN-Calligraphy Compendium. This fantastic set will meet any calligraphy need. This package contains four nibs; five nib sections; eighteen cartridges (ten black; two blue; two sepia; two red; and two green); one ink converter; instruction manual; and practice paper. Conforms to ASTM D-4236; ANSI Performance Standard Z356.5; and BS7272 ISO 11540. ACMI certified. Imported.


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Wear metals in used oil samples are minute particles of metal suspended in the oil and are formed by friction between moving parts, abrasion or corrosion. Knowledge of the metallurgy of a system along with the analysis or wear metals provides a laboratory with a powerful tool to predict a potential problem and its source.
Wear Metal analysis is a trending technique to determine which component is wearing and based on the change in wear metal concentration, the severity of the wear. Spectro's line of RDE emission spectrometershave the capability to simultaneously detect and quantify between 15 and 31wear metals and contaminants in a used oil sample.
Over the years, the most popular technique to analyze for the presence of wear metals in used oils due to its ease of use, has been emission spectroscopy via the rotating disc technique as applied in the Spectroil M. Other complementary techniques include Ferrography and particle shape classification.


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A full cup lace bra is an essential in every wardrobe! This new 3-piece cup shape separates the breasts and gives lift and support.
Match with Chic French Knicker
Showing reviews 1-5 of 13 | Next
Posted by Unknown on 28th Feb 2014
As above, good sizing and very pretty. However the a-frame bit behind the cup rides up so you can see it
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Great bra, super comfy easy clipping to feed etc. the middle panel sticks out slightly, so if I'm wearing a fitted top I notice the boning in the middle pokes out a bit but otherwise great.
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I followed the guidelines for measuring, and ordered the size indicated - only to find that it is entirely too large. Now I have to spend money to send it back.
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great bra, fits well, is comfortable and most of all supportive!
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This bra is extremely comfortable and washes and wears well. Not as supportive as the Eclipse and Luminous bras I also have and I agree with other reviews that the A frame support can be seen over the top of the lace cup while wearing, but still a good everyday option.
Showing reviews 1-5 of 13 | Next


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The Solid Oak Spacesaver CD Dowel Cabinet Rack - Holds 110 CDs is a great way to save space in your living room or entertaiment room. This sturdy wood CD cabinet is able to hold an incredible 110 compact discs.
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The Rushville Republican thanks the following persons for their subscription to and support of this newspaper:
Ramona Wilkinson
Donald Wheeldon
Not-for-profits may submit upcoming events to firstname.lastname@example.com or 126 S. Main St., Rushville, IN 46173.
• Clean Green Rush Tox-Rush Tox-Away Center at Smiley Avenue is open the first Saturday of each month from 8 a.m. to noon. Rush County residents have a place to take toxic items for safe disposal at no cost. These include, but not limited to, electronic items (anything with a circuit board), batteries, fluorescents bulbs, used motor oil, antifreeze, poisons, mercury, acids, bases, oxidizers, aerosols, household chemicals, oil-based paints (no latex paint) stains, solvents, etc. Call 938-1342 with questions.
• Columbus Star Quilters' Guild January meeting will be held Jan. 8, 2014 at the Masonic Lodge at 4131 Rocky Ford Road, the corner of Taylor and Rocky Ford Roads. All interested persons are welcome to attend. Member Jamie Schantz will hold a trunk show to display many of her quilts including the Viewers' Quilt Award 2012 Quilt. Her quilts contain unique combinations of color and applique.
The doors open at 8:45 a.m. and the meeting starts at 9:30 a.m. Please bring a Show-and-Tell to share at the meeting. There is no charge to attend.
• The Rush County 4-H Family Fun Fest will be held from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. Thursday in the Root Building on the Rush County Fairgrounds. There will be activities and displays for youth in grades Kindergarten through grade 12. Feel free to stop by and pick up an enrollment form, or check out a project that you've always wondered about. Feel free to share the information with your friends who would like to know more about 4-H. Anyone in grades 3 through 12 can join, and there will also be Cloverbud activities for Kindergarten, first, and second graders. (In case of inclement weather, the 4-H Family Fun Fest will be held Jan. 16).
• Raleigh Community Club Dance, 7:30-10:30 p.m., weekly on Saturdays. Live band. Open to all ages.
• Tox-away Days are the first Saturday of each month from 8 a.m. to noon at Smiley Avenue. Join in making this a Clean, Green Rush County.
• The community food pantry, 109 East Third Street, Rushville is open from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. every Tuesday and Thursday. Bring photo ID. Donations welcomed.
• In cooperation with the Rush County Food Pantry (RCCA), the Gleaners Mobile Food Bank will be bringing a truck load of food to the Main Street Christian Church parking lot, 615 N. Main St., Rushville, on the first Monday of each month for distribution to local residents.
The distribution will be made between 4 and 6 p.m. Residents will need to bring their own containers (sacks or boxes) to put their food into.
• Alcoholics Anonymous meets each Tuesday evening at 7:30 p.m. at the Hoosier Gym in Knightstown. Use the east entrance at the corner of Adams and Locust streets. Information: 765-313-1637.
• Diabetes education classes are held from 5 to 7 p.m. on the first, second, and third Tuesday of each month at Rush Memorial Hospital Skills Lab, second floor. Cost, $10 per class with a $25 refund if all three classes are attended. Info: 765-932-7416 or email@example.com
• Partners for a Healthy Rush County meets at 6 p.m. the first Tuesday of each month at the Boys & Girls Club. Open to all interested businesses, organizations or individuals in Rush County.
• AA and Al-Anon meet at 7:30 p.m. Mondays at St. Paul's United Methodist Church.
• Crossroads Serenity Group, an Al-Anon group, meets from 6 to 7 p.m. every Monday at 333 N. Main Street, Rushville. Information: Gail at 317-642-9112 or Larry at 765-277-9477.
• Veterans, if you have an appointment at the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in Indianapolis call (765) 932-3075, seven to 10 days in advance, to arrange a ride in the DAV van. Veterans who need a ride sooner call (765) 561-5445 or (765) 932-2703.
• Rush County Victims Assistance, Inc., monthly meeting on the third Monday of each month at 6 p.m. For location contact the office at 938-1555. The public always is invited. Info: Barbara Kuhn at 938-1555.


text:
[JURIST] Probably not. In July 1986, six months after the Challenger accident, Ms. Jane Smith, the widow of Challenger pilot Captain Michael J. Smith, filed a wrongful death claim against the United States government, the manager of NASA, and Morton Thiokol, the manufacturer of the shuttle's solid rocket boosters. Smith settled with Morton Thiokol but not with the Government. The US District Court (712 F.Supp. 893) and the US Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals (877 F.2d 40) held that since Captain Smith's death occurred during activity incident to his military service, the wrongful death claim against the United States was barred. The Court of Appeals also held that this doctrine could not be circumvented by suing a government employee in his personal capacity. Ms. Smith appealed to the US Supreme Court. Read the 1989 Justice Department brief [text] by then Solicitor-General Kenneth Starr that successfully argued against granting certiorari.
[JURIST] NASA announced Sunday the membership of the independent investigation board formed to look into Saturday's loss of the Columbia space shuttle. The Space Shuttle Mishap Interagency Investigation Board will be chaired by retired US Navy Admiral Harold Gehman, who co-chaired the commission that investigated the attack on the U.S.S. Cole in Yemen. Read the NASA press release. NASA has also posted a webpage for investigation updates and related mission information.
[JURIST] Public warnings against interference with Space Shuttle debris are based on safety considerations, investigatory needs, and the provisions of US Code Title 18, Section 641 [text] on theft of US government property.
[JURIST] Review the President's Memorandum for the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency declaring a state of emergency for Texas [memorandum text] in connection with the loss and disintegration of the Columbia space shuttle Saturday.
JURIST offers a news ticker and preformatted headline boxes updated in real time. Get the code.
Feedroll provides free Paper Chase news boxes with headlines or digests precisely tailored to your website's look and feel, with content updated every 15 minutes. Customize and get the code.


text:
Ad aware personal security News
22 Jun
Internet Security 2011: Threats And Protection Options
Every computer is vulnerable to attacks. Whether at home or at work, they all need to be protected from potential threats. As it is better to be safe than sorry, it is also better to consider it to be not a matter of IF, but WHEN… Read more on Internet Security 2011
7 Jun
Who Needs Personal Privacy Protection?
Are you the type of person who needs privacy protection software? You may or may not know the answer to this question but, of course, it sounds like something that most people would want to take advantage of. Before you get involved… Read more on Privacy Protection
27 Jan
Features of Ad-Aware Security Free Edition by Bibey
Lavasoft is the mastermind behind Ad-Aware Security. This free security software helps to ensure that every user has the ability to control privacy and security settings – without having to spend an enormous amount of money. It is… Read more on Ad Aware Security


text:
Tiparillo cigars are excellent made domestic cigars from Dothan, Alabama. They come in a patented tip offered in 4 flavors: Sweet, Regular, Aromatic and Menthol
Tiparillo Aromatic Tip Cigars 5x10
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I love the convenience of ordering my husbands cigars online. BnB Tobacco makes this easy for me. Fantastic price on the Tiparillo aromatic tip cigars, and quick delivery right to my door. The 50 count cigars in 10 packages keeps them fresh and handy for my husband to slip into his shirt pocket. When he gets down to a couple of packages I order more and they always arrive before he finishes his last pack. A huge savings over buying each package separately, thanks BnB Tobacco.


text:
Orange looks to add labs URL: http://www.fredericksburg.com/News/FLS/2012/092012/09292012/728324 Summary: Orange agrees to address lack of high school science labs quickly Copyright 2014The Free Lance Star Publishing Co. of Fredericksburg, Va.
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text:
- Activity Packs (17)
- Cards & Notes (11)
- Charts & Checklists (14)
- Coloring Pages (22)
- Learning Pages (37)
- Paper Crafts (45)
- Puzzles & Games (27)
- Song Lyrics (6)
- Seasonal (48)
Get your mighty math powers ready!
Nick Jr. Winter StickersNeed an indoor activity? Keep kids entertained with sticker play fun! |
Umi Snowy Sports Coloring PackPrint this pack and let your kids add color to the Team's snowy shenanigans |
Umi Advent CalendarThere's an exciting surprise behind each date in our umirrific Christmas calendar |
Umizoomi Gift Wrap PackSurprise Umifriends with Milli, Bot, and Geo under the tree! |
Umi Holiday Spot the DifferenceYou'll need sharp eyes to spot what's different in each row! |
Umizoomi Snowflake Cutting PackMake it snow indoors with this fun paper craft |
Nick Jr. Superheroes ColoringYour favorite Nick Jr. characters save the day dressed as superheroes! |
Super Duper Puzzle PackPut the Nick Jr. superheroes back together with this puzzle pack! |
Word of the Day Coloring PackMilli wants your kids to learn these daring new words! |


text:
Osama Bin Laden News Roundup:
The White House updates the narrative on how Osama Bin Laden was killed.
Federal prosecutors will seek to dismiss all charges against Bin Laden.
Bin Laden had 500 Euros sewn into his clothes for a quick escape.
Wikileaks reveals that in 2008, US troops were 1,800 yards from Bin Laden, training Pakistanis how to catch him.
Steven Colbert tracks the politicization of Bin Laden's death.
It's been 3 days since Bin Laden was killed, time for some conspiracy theories and memes.
A state health department administrator has been arrested for driving drunk in a government vehicle.
People are complaining about the low graduation rate among Lottery scholarship recipients.
How Donald Trump lost the stutterers' vote.
John Ashcroft is Blackwater's new ethics chief. What's another word for irony?
Giant ant fossil discovered in Wyoming.
The top 10 Chinese tech moguls you need to know.
Don't get fooled by this Apple malware.
Ethically dubious ways to getting the perfect seat on your next flight.
How bacon can turn a vegetarian.
Watch the Insane Clown Posse review Water For Elephants.
Judge rules IP addresses aren't people, blocking subpoenas.
The unknown mysteries of the Mysteries of the Unknown commercial.
Rick Springfield arrested on DUI suspicion.
Top 10 evil lairs.
Today is Star Wars Day: May the 4th be with you! GET IT?????
Tomorrow is Cinco de Mayo, you'll need limes.
South Korean man found dead on a crucifix.
Delivery man shames bad tippers on his blog.
This exists: The internet's most comprehensive examination of the watches worn by Fox Mulder on TV's The X-Files.
Chuck Norris: Karate Kommandos and eight other celebrity-based cartoons from the 80s and 90s.
Soon, almost every Marvel cartoon show will be available to watch instantly on Netflix.
Top US government insider Dr. Steve R. Pieczenik, a man who held numerous different influential positions under three different Presidents and still works with the Defense Department, shockingly told The Alex Jones Show yesterday that Osama Bin Laden died in 2001 and that he was prepared to testify in front of a grand jury how a top general told him directly that 9/11 was a false flag inside job.
Pieczenik cannot be dismissed as a "conspiracy theorist". He served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State under three different administrations, Nixon, Ford and Carter, while also working under Reagan and Bush senior, and still works as a consultant for the Department of Defense. A former US Navy Captain, Pieczenik achieved two prestigious Harry C. Solomon Awards at the Harvard Medical School as he simultaneously completed a PhD at MIT.
Recruited by Lawrence Eagleburger as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Management, Pieczenik went on to develop, "the basic tenets for psychological warfare, counter terrorism, strategy and tactics for transcultural negotiations for the US State Department, military and intelligence communities and other agencies of the US Government," while also developing foundational strategies for hostage rescue that were later employed around the world.
Pieczenik also served as a senior policy planner under Secretaries Henry Kissinger, Cyrus Vance, George Schultz and James Baker. His record underscores the fact that he is one of the most deeply connected men in intelligence circles over the past three decades.
The character of Jack Ryan, who appears in many Tom Clancy novels and was also played by Harrison Ford in the popular 1992 movie Patriot Games, is also based on Steve Pieczenik.
Source: [link]


text:
Shack PSA: Dota 2 The International has begun
by Alice O'Connor, Aug 31, 2012 12:30pm PDTValve's three-day Dota-rama The International kicked off this morning, bringing 16 professional Dota 2 teams together to slug it out over a novelty over-sized cheque for $1 million. The game has come a long way since it was introduced to the world, and picked up oodles of new fans, so come on gang, let's watch some Dota!
Valve is streaming the matches online through Twitch.tv and own3d.tv, but the best way to follow the games is through the free Dota 2 spectator client. If you have Steam installed, you can download the client to watch the matches in-game, letting you play around with the camera, examine skills and item descriptions for as long as you like, and switch commentary streams. And there are no nasty video compression artifacts, of course.
The winning team will score a whopping $1 million, with $250k going to second place, $150k for third, all the way down to $25k for seventh and eighth. A lot is at stake, basically, so we should see some splendid Dota this weekend.
Matches begin at 9:30am PDT until Sunday. Check the schedule for more.
You can show your support for the teams by buying pennants, which gives Valve and the team some money, and gets you a small chance to win an exclusive in-game courier.


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Victoria's Secret is a lifestyle!
If you like it, I love it! I know Icy doesn't have an "e", but apparently there is another Icy Niki with the same CC as me! |
Since these are "Save $$" coupons, they won't stack on one box of Chewy Bars, correct?
**Fiber One , when you buy ONE BOX any flavor Fiber One® Chewy Bars Save 50¢ Coupon One-time 10/1/2012- 11/15/2012 **Fiber One , when you buy ONE BOX any flavor Fiber One® Chewy Bars, Fiber One® 90 Calorie Chewy Bars or* Save 40¢ Coupon One-time 10/1/2012- 11/15/2012 **General Mills Fiber One Chewy Bars , Or Nature Valley Protein Bars, 5ct Limit 4 $1.99 each Coupon One-time 10/3/2012- 10/9/2012 Also, just a quick reminder to get your Try Me Free rebate stuff sent out tomorrow 'cause I believe the date is 10/6. IVDSO: Formula checks, MCR codes and receipts with P&G.
PM me for trade! |
None of my local stores have put out the Fall Savings books. It's driving me nuts!
my other car is a shopping cart. i'd rather be couponing. honk if you love moneymakers. thank you to HollyGolightly for getting me to 1k, celestialdigs for getting me to 2k, and gandara.m for getting me to 3k. |
I am soooo jealous, didn't receive the personalised price on either of the cards
1. The $1.50 is a one week q and J4U MFQ's usually have an expiration date of more than a week. 2. The specific size/ct requirement and Downy/Bounce combo seems more like SW wording than PG imo. 3. No limit listed for $1.50 off whereas the Febreze MF EQ's (J4U expiration date 10/27) have a listed limit of 1 on the ad. Maybe someone else can weigh in on this. |
YAY for this deal ! I went to Vons today and I scored on the trash bags!! I bought 2 45 ct. Hefty trash bags on sale for 8.99, I had personalized price of 5.63. I bought 2 , 6 dollars came off and 1.00/2 eq. I used 2 .55 mfr q's (no doubles here anymore). So final price for me was 1.58 each!! Wow ! What a deal! I had pers. price on Fresh express Salad of 1.14 a bag and 20 percent produce q. Also got a loaf of Safeway Kitchen butter topped wheat bread for 49 cents with pers.price of 50 percent off and 50 cent eq. ! Yummy, salad sandwiches for dinner! Iso Lean cuisine rewards codes
Great deal on Progresso -
Progresso Soups Lentil, Tomato, Minestrone, Split Pea & Vegetable $.99 $1/4 Progresso Soup Just 4 U coupon (x 10/9) Stack with any of these: $1/4 Progresso Soup Cans [progresso.com] $1/4 from 9/9 SS (x11/3) OR 10/7 GM (x 12/1) = $.49 ea. Since you are not doubling........ you can pick up as many as you have MFR coupons for; the Just 4 U SW coupon has no limit, just 1 transaction. |
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text:
COLUMBIA — Whether six trees found cut down at Rock Bridge High School on the last day of school was a senior prank remains a matter of speculation for school leaders and police.
Investigation into felled trees at Rock Bridge High School continues
Monday, June 15, 2009 | 12:48 p.m. CDT;
updated 2:28 p.m. CDT, Monday, June 15, 2009
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text:
Definition of screenshot in English:
Line breaks: screen|shotPronunciation: /ˈskriːnʃɒt
- An image of the display on a computer screen.More example sentences
- From the screenshots, the program also has the same odd capitalization and language errors that the website has.
- I had a quick glance at the screenshots on this program - it looks pretty good.
- As you can see from the above screenshot, the software does not even display the full name of the folder!


text:
Middlesex | |
County | |
Middlesex within England in 1890 |
Area | |
- 1801/1881 | 181,320 acres (734 km2)[1] |
- 1911 | 148,701 acres (601.8 km2)[2] |
- 1961 | 148,691 acres (601.7 km2)[2] |
Area transferred | |
- 1889 | Metropolitan parishes to County of London |
Population | |
- 1801 | 818,129[1] |
- 1881 | 2,920,485[1] |
- 1911 | 1,126,465[2] |
- 1961 | 2,234,543[2] |
Density | |
- 1801 | 4.5/acre |
- 1881 | 16.1/acre |
- 1911 | 7.6/acre |
- 1961 | 15/acre |
History | |
- Preceded by | Kingdom of Essex |
- Origin | Middle Saxons |
- Created | In antiquity |
- Abolished | 1965 |
- Succeeded by | Greater London Hertfordshire Surrey |
Status | Ceremonial county (until 1965) Administrative county (1889–1965) |
Chapman code | MDX[notes 1] |
Government | Middlesex Quarter Sessions (until 1889)[notes 2] Within The Metropolis: Metropolitan Board of Works (1855–1889) Middlesex County Council (1889–1965) |
- HQ | see text |
Coat of arms |
Flag of Middlesex |
Subdivisions | |
- Type | Hundreds (ancient) Districts (1835–1965) |
Middlesex (/ˈmɪdəlsɛks/, abbreviation: Middx) was a historic county in southeast England, that is now mostly part of Greater London with sections in Berkshire, Hertfordshire and Surrey. It was established in the Anglo-Saxon system from the territory of the Middle Saxons. The county included land stretching north of the River Thames from 3 miles (4.8 km) east to 17 miles (27 km) west of the City of London with the rivers Colne, Lea and a ridge of hills as the other boundaries. The largely low-lying county dominated by clay in its north and alluvium on gravel in its south was the second smallest by area in 1831.[3]
The City of London was a county in its own right from the 12th century and was able to exert political control over Middlesex. Westminster Abbey dominated most of the early financial, judicial and ecclesiastical aspects of the county.[4] As London grew into Middlesex, the Corporation of London resisted attempts to expand the city boundaries into the county, which posed problems for the administration of local government and justice. In the 18th and 19th centuries the population density was especially high in the southeast, including the East End and West End of London. From 1855 the southeast was administered with sections of Kent and Surrey as part of the area of the Metropolitan Board of Works.[5] When county councils were introduced in England in 1889 about 20% of the area of Middlesex, along with a third of its population, was transferred to the new County of London and the remainder became an administrative county governed by the Middlesex County Council[6] that met regularly at the Middlesex Guildhall in Westminster, in the County of London. The City of London and Middlesex became separate counties for other purposes and Middlesex regained the right to appoint their own sheriff, lost in 1199.
In the interwar years suburban London further expanded, with improvement and expansion of public transport,[7] and the setting up of new industries. After the Second World War, the population of the County of London[8] and inner Middlesex was in steady decline, with high population growth continuing in the outer parts.[9] After a Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London, almost all of the original area was incorporated into an enlarged Greater London in 1965, with the rest transferred to neighbouring counties.[10] After 1965 Middlesex continued to be an area name used, on various borders, in cricket and a minority of sports. Middlesex is the former postal county of 25 post towns.
The name means territory of the middle Saxons and refers to the tribal origin of its inhabitants. The word is formed from the Anglo-Saxon, i.e. Old English, 'middel' and 'Seaxe'[11] (cf. Essex, Sussex and Wessex). In an 8th-century charter the region is recorded as Middleseaxon[12][12][13] and in 704 it is recorded as Middleseaxan.[14]
Early settlement[edit]
There were settlements in the area of Middlesex that can be traced back thousands of years before the creation of a county.[15] Middlesex was formerly part of the Kingdom of Essex[16][17] It was recorded in the Domesday Book as being divided into the six hundreds of Edmonton, Elthorne, Gore, Hounslow (Isleworth in all later records),[18] Ossulstone and Spelthorne. The City of London has been self-governing since the thirteenth century and became a county in its own right, a county corporate.[notes 3] Middlesex also included Westminster, which also had a high degree of autonomy. Of the six hundreds, Ossulstone contained the districts closest to the City of London. During the 17th century it was divided into four divisions, which, along with the Liberty of Westminster, largely took over the administrative functions of the hundred and became in a largely planned way, urban. The divisions were named Finsbury, Holborn, Kensington and Tower.[19] The county had parliamentary representation from the 13th century. The title Earl of Middlesex was created twice, in 1622 and 1677, but became extinct in 1843.[20]
Economic development[edit]
The economy of the county was dependent on the City of London from an early time and was primarily agricultural.[4] All manner of goods were provided for the City, including crops such as grain and hay, livestock and building materials. Tourism and recreation in day trip destinations such as Hackney, Islington, Highgate and Twickenham, but exceeding this coaching, inn-keeping and offering goods and services at daily shops and stalls to the considerable passing trade provided much local industry.[21] also formed part of the early economy. However, during the 18th century the inner parishes of Middlesex started to function as suburbs of the City and were increasingly urbanised.[4] The Middlesex volume of John Norden's Speculum Britanniae (a chorography) of 1593 summarises:
This is plentifully stored, as it seemeth beautiful, with many fair and comely buildings, especially of the merchants of London, who have planted their houses of recreation not in the meanest places, which also they have cunningly contrived, curiously beautified with divers[e] devices, neatly decked with rare inventions, environed with orchards of sundry, delicate fruits, gardens with delectable walks, arbours, alleys and a great variety of pleasing dainties: all of which seem to be beautiful ornaments unto this country.[22]
Similarly Thomas Cox wrote in 1794:
We may call it almost all London, being chiefly inhabited by the citizens, who fill the towns in it with their country houses, to which they often resort that they may breathe a little sweet air, free from the fogs and smoke of the City.[23]
In 1803 Sir John Sinclair, president of the Board of Agriculture spoke of the need to cultivate the more than town-sized Finchley Common and Hounslow Heath in a manner prophetic of the Dig for Victory campaign of World War II and fellow Board member Middleton at the time estimated one tenth of the county, 17,000 acres (6,900 ha) was uncultivated common, capable of receiving improvement.[24] However William Cobbett in casual travel writing in 1822 stated that "A more ugly country between Egham (Surrey) and Kensington would with great difficulty be found in England. Flat as a pancake, and until you come to Hammersmith, the soil is a nasty, stony dirt upon a bed of gravel. Hounslow Heath which is only a little worse than the general run, is a sample of all that is bad in soil and villainous in look. Yet this is now enclosed, and what they call 'cultivated.' Here is a fresh robbery of villages, hamlets, and farm and labourers' buildings and abodes."[25] Thomas Babington wrote in 1843 "An acre in Middlesex is worth a principality in Utopia"[26] which contrasts neatly with its agricultural description.
The introduction of radial railway lines from 1839 caused a fundamental shift away from agricultural supply for London towards large scale house building.[27] Tottenham, Edmonton and Enfield in the northeast developed first as working class residential suburbs with easy access to central London. The line to Windsor through Middlesex was completed in 1848, to Potter's Bar in 1850 and the Metropolitan and Metropolitan District Railways started a series of extensions into the county in 1878. Closer to London, the districts of Acton, Willesden, Ealing and Hornsey came within reach of the tram and bus networks, providing cheap transport to central London.[27]
Following World War I, the availability of labour and proximity to London made areas such as Hayes and Park Royal ideal locations for the developing new industries.[27] New jobs attracted more people to the county and the population continued to rise, reaching a peak in 1951.
The Metropolis[edit]
By the 19th century, the East End of London had expanded to the eastern boundary with Essex, and the Tower division had reached a population of over a million.[1] Following the coming of the railways, the north western suburbs of London steadily spread over large parts of the county.[7] The areas closest to London were served by the Metropolitan Police from 1829 and, from 1840, the entire county was included in the Metropolitan Police District.[28] Local government in the county was unaffected by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, and civic works continued to be the responsibility of the individual parish vestries or ad hoc improvement commissioners.[29][30] In 1855, the parishes of the densely populated area in the south east, but excluding the City of London, came within the responsibility of the Metropolitan Board of Works.[5] Despite this innovation, the system was described by commentators at the time as one "in chaos".[6] In 1889, under the Local Government Act 1888, the metropolitan area of approximately 30,000 acres (120 km2) became part of the County of London.[20] The Act also provided that the part of Middlesex in the administrative county of London should be "severed from [Middlesex], and form a separate county for all non-administrative purposes".
The part of the County of London that had been transferred from Middlesex was divided in 1900 into 18 metropolitan boroughs, which were merged in 1965 to form seven of the present-day inner London boroughs:
- Camden was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Hampstead, Holborn and St Pancras
- Hackney was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Hackney, Shoreditch and Stoke Newington
- Hammersmith (known as Hammersmith and Fulham from 1979) was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Hammersmith and Fulham
- Islington was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Finsbury and Islington
- Kensington and Chelsea was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Chelsea and Kensington
- Tower Hamlets was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Bethnal Green, Poplar and Stepney
- The City of Westminster was formed from the metropolitan boroughs of Paddington, St Marylebone and the City of Westminster.[5]
Extra-metropolitan area[edit]
Middlesex outside the metropolitan area remained largely rural until the middle of the 19th century and so the special boards of local government for various metropolitan areas was late in developing. Other than the Cities of London and Westminster, there were no ancient boroughs.[31] The importance of the hundred courts declined, and such local administration as there was divided between "county business" conducted by the justices of the peace meeting in quarter sessions, and the local matters dealt with by parish vestries. As the suburbs of London spread into the area, unplanned development and outbreaks of cholera forced the creation of local boards and poor law unions to help govern most areas, even in a few cases parishes appointed improvement commissioners.[32] In rural areas, parishes began to be grouped for different administrative purposes. From 1875 these local bodies were designated as urban or rural sanitary districts.[33]
Following the Local Government Act 1888, the remaining county came under the control of Middlesex County Council except for the parish of Monken Hadley, which became part of Hertfordshire.[34] The area of responsibility of the Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex was reduced accordingly. Middlesex did not contain any county boroughs, so the county and administrative county (the area of county council control) were identical.
The Local Government Act 1894 divided the administrative county into four rural districts and thirty-one urban districts, based on existing sanitary districts. One urban district, South Hornsey, was an exclave of Middlesex within the County of London until 1900, when it was transferred to the latter county.[35] The rural districts were Hendon, South Mimms, Staines and Uxbridge. Because of increasing urbanisation these had all been abolished by 1934.[10] Urban districts had been created, merged, and many had gained the status of municipal borough by 1965. The districts as at the 1961 census were:[9]
After 1889 the growth of London continued, and the county became almost entirely filled by suburbs of London, with a big rise in population density. This process was accelerated by the Metro-land developments, which covered a large part of the county.[36] Public transport in the county, including the extensive network of trams,[37] buses and the London Underground came under control of the London Passenger Transport Board in 1933[38] and a New Works Programme was developed to further enhance services during the 1930s.[7] Partly because of its proximity to the capital, the county had a major role during the Second World War. The county was subject to aerial bombardment and contained various military establishments, such as RAF Uxbridge and RAF Heston, which were involved in the Battle of Britain.[39]
County town[edit]
Middlesex arguably never had a single, established county town, and certainly not since 1789. London which could be termed its county town for a majority of purposes[27] devoted different locations for the various, mostly judicial, county purposes. The County Assizes for Middlesex were held at the Old Bailey in the City of London.[4] Until 1889, the High Sheriff of Middlesex was chosen by the City of London Corporation. The sessions house for the Middlesex Quarter Sessions was at Clerkenwell Green from the early eighteenth century. The quarter sessions at the former Middlesex Sessions House performed most of the limited administration on a county level until the creation of the Middlesex County Council in 1889. New Brentford was first promulgated as the county town in 1789, on the basis that it was where elections of knights for the shire (or Members of Parliament) from 1701.[20][40] Thus a traveller's and historian's London regional summary of 1795 states (New) Brentford was "considered as the county-town; but there is no town-hall or other public building".[41] Middlesex County Council took over at the Guildhall adding the county name to it in Westminster. This was however in that year placed into the new County of London, and thus outside the council's area of jurisdiction.
Arms of Middlesex County Council[edit]
Coats of arms were attributed by the mediaeval heralds to the Kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. That assigned to the Kingdom of the Middle and East Saxons depicted three "seaxes" or short notched swords on a red background. The seaxe was a weapon carried by Anglo-Saxon warriors, and the term "Saxon" may be derived from the word.[42][43] These arms became associated with the two counties that approximated to the kingdom: Middlesex and Essex. County authorities, militia and volunteer regiments associated with both counties used the attributed arms.
In 1910, it was noted that the county councils of Essex and Middlesex and the Sheriff's Office of the County of London were all using the same arms. Middlesex County Council decided to apply for a formal grant of arms from the College of Arms, with the addition of an heraldic "difference" to the attributed arms. Colonel Otley Parry, a Justice of the Peace for Middlesex and author of a book on military badges, was asked to devise an addition to the shield. The chosen addition was a "Saxon Crown", derived from the portrait of King Athelstan on a silver penny of his reign, stated to be the earliest form of crown associated with any English sovereign. The grant of arms was made by letters patent dated 7 November 1910.[44][45][46]
The arms of the Middlesex County Council were blazoned: |
The undifferenced arms of the Kingdom were eventually granted to Essex County Council in 1932.[47] Seaxes were also used in the insignia of many of the boroughs and urban districts in the county, while the Saxon crown came to be a common heraldic charge in English civic arms.[48][49] On the creation of the Greater London Council in 1965 a Saxon crown was introduced in its coat of arms.[50] Seaxes appear in the arms of several London borough councils and of Spelthorne Borough Council, whose area was in Middlesex.[51][52]
Creation of Greater London[edit]
The population of Inner London (then the County of London) had been in decline as more residents moved into the outer suburbs since its creation in 1889, and following the Second World War, this continued.[8] In contrast, the population of Middlesex had seen a steady increase during that period.[53] From 1951 to 1961 the population of the inner districts of the county started to drop and growth was experienced only in eight of the suburban outer districts.[9] According to the 1961 census, Ealing, Enfield, Harrow, Hendon, Heston & Isleworth, Tottenham, Wembley, Willesden and Twickenham had each reached a population greater than 100,000, which would normally have entitled each of them to seek county borough status. If this status were granted to all those boroughs it would mean that the population of the administrative county of Middlesex would be reduced by over half, to just under one million.
Evidence submitted to the Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London included a recommendation to divide it into two counties of North Middlesex and West Middlesex.[27] However, the commission instead proposed abolition of the county and merging of the boroughs and districts. This was enacted by Parliament as the London Government Act 1963, which came into force on 1 April 1965.
The Act abolished the administrative counties of Middlesex and London.[54] The Administration of Justice Act 1964 abolished the Middlesex magistracy and lieutenancy, and altered the jurisdiction of the Central Criminal Court. In April 1965, nearly all of Middlesex became part of Greater London, under the control of the Greater London Council, and formed the new outer London boroughs of Barnet (part only), Brent, Ealing, Enfield, Haringey, Harrow, Hillingdon, Hounslow and Richmond upon Thames (part only).[55] The remaining areas were Potters Bar Urban District, which became part of Hertfordshire, while Sunbury-on-Thames Urban District and Staines Urban District became part of Surrey.[10] Following the changes, local acts of Parliament relating to Middlesex were henceforth to apply to the entirety of the nine "North West London Boroughs".[56] In 1974, the three urban districts that had been transferred to Hertfordshire and Surrey were abolished and became the districts of Hertsmere (part only) and Spelthorne respectively.[57] In 1995 the village of Poyle was transferred from Spelthorne to the Berkshire borough of Slough.[58] Additionally, since 1965 the Greater London boundary to the west and north has been subject to a significant number of small changes.[59][60]
The county lay within the London Basin[61] and the most significant feature was the River Thames, which formed the southern boundary. The River Lea and the River Colne formed natural boundaries to the east and west. The south west of Middlesex was entirely a gently descending meander of the Thames without hills. "Middlesex bank" is more accurate often here than "north bank" — at Teddington (on a south bank) the river almost flows due westward (i.e. back on itself).[notes 4] In the north, the boundary was the near and far side of a WSW/ENE aligned ridge of hills broken by Barnet or 'Dollis' valleys (south of which these feed into the Welsh Harp Lake or Brent Reservoir which becomes the River Brent).[notes 5] This formed a long protrusion of Hertfordshire into the county.[62] The county was thickly wooded,[61] with much of it covered by the ancient Forest of Middlesex. The highest point was the High Road by Bushey Heath at 502 feet (153 m),[63] which is now one of the highest points in London.[64]
The remaining official recommendation of the term 'Middlesex' ended in 1996, that of Royal Mail, particularly spread by the means of advice in the village, town, suburb and city post offices however a small society exists to promote its continued use.
Middlesex is still used in the names of organisations based in the area such as Middlesex County Cricket Club,[65] the Middlesex Cricket Board and Middlesex University.[66] There is a Middlesex County Football Association and two teams that are now within Surrey, Staines Town and Ashford Town (Middlesex) as well as Potters Bar Town in Hertfordshire,[67] compete in the Middlesex County Cup.[68] Sir John Betjeman, a native of North London and Poet Laureate, published several poems about Middlesex and the suburban experience. Many were featured in the televised readings Metroland.[69] As part of a 2002 marketing campaign, the plant conservation charity Plantlife chose the wood anemone as the county flower. In 2003, an early day motion with two signatures noted that 16 May is the anniversary of the Battle of Albuera and in recent years has been celebrated as Middlesex Day, commemorating the valiant efforts of the Middlesex Regiment (the "Die-hards") in that battle. The idea is to recognise and celebrate the historic county.[70] On its creation in 1965, Greater London was divided into five commission areas for the administration of justice. One was named "Middlesex" and consisted of the boroughs of Barnet, Brent, Ealing, Enfield, Haringey, Harrow, Hillingdon and Hounslow.[71] This was abolished on 1 July 2003.[72]
Family history[edit]
The county was used generally for London as well in birth, baptism, marriage and death registers as well as in censuses and has for archiving and note-taking since the 1970s had Chapman code MDX.
Former postal county[edit]
Middlesex (abbreviated Middx)[73][74] is also defined as a former postal county; an element of postal addressing in routine use until 1996 and now an arbitrary option.[75]
Before 1965, a long, narrow belt of central Middlesex (especially the entire old large parishes of Tottenham, Willesden, Hornsey and Chiswick)[76] were already within the London postal district so their addresses included "LONDON" and technically did not include a county, though by readers a county would naturally be mistaken for the narrower County of London which kept its borders until it was disbanded some 75 years later.
Royal Mail retained the postal county in 1965 with one modification because it refused on financial grounds to follow all the changes to county boundaries so did not adopt Greater London as a postal county nor the transfers of the post towns Staines, Ashford, Shepperton and Sunbury to Surrey but chose to espouse the transfer of the post town Potters Bar to Hertfordshire.[77]
From 1965 until 1996 the postal county consisted of two unconnected areas, 6 miles (9.7 km) apart (the smaller area around Enfield and the larger area to the west)[73] and comprised 25 post towns:
Postcode area | Post towns |
EN (part) | ENFIELD; POTTERS BAR (until 1965) |
TW (part) | ASHFORD, BRENTFORD, FELTHAM, HAMPTON, HOUNSLOW†, ISLEWORTH, SHEPPERTON, STAINES, SUNBURY-ON-THAMES, TEDDINGTON, TWICKENHAM† |
† = postal county was not required
The postal county had many border anomalies where the post towns it consisted of encroached on neighbouring counties, such as the villages of Denham, Buckinghamshire and Wraysbury, Berkshire which are in the post towns of Uxbridge and Staines and were therefore in the postal county of Middlesex. Egham Hythe, Surrey also had postal addresses of Staines, Middlesex. Conversely, Hampton Wick was conveniently placed in Kingston, Surrey with its sorting offices just across the river.[78] Nearby Hampton Court Palace has a postal address of East Molesey, therefore associating it with Surrey.[79]
The Enfield post town in the EN postcode area was in the former postal county. All post towns in the HA postcode area and UB postcode area were in the former postal county. Most of the TW postcode area was in the former postal county.
See also[edit]
- List of Lord Lieutenants of Middlesex
- Custos Rotulorum of Middlesex - List of Keepers of the Rolls
- List of High Sheriffs of Middlesex
- Middlesex (UK Parliament constituency) - Historical list of MPs for the Middlesex constituency
Notes and References[edit]
- Notes
- ^ Historic boundaries excluding the City of London, which is code LND
- ^ The Middlesex Quarter Sessions had jurisdiction in Westminster, but not the Tower Liberty
- ^ The City of London continues to be a county distinct from Greater London.
- ^ County descriptions are standard in boat racess and the historic county description has to date been kept during the The Boat Race which is internationally broadcast past the mid-south of the ancient county and professional and amateur Head of the River Race.
- ^ The Dollis Valley greenwalk follows this steep upper valley of the Dollis Brook
- References
- ^ a b c d "Table of population, 1801-1901". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 22. 1911. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ^ a b c d GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Middlesex population (area and density). Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, 1831 Census population. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ a b c d The Proceedings of the Old Bailey - Rural Middlesex. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ a b c Saint, A., Politics and the people of London: the London County Council (1889-1965), (1989)
- ^ a b Barlow, I., Metropolitan Government, (1991)
- ^ a b c Wolmar, C., The Subterranean Railway, (2004)
- ^ a b GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, County of London population. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ a b c GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Census 1961: Middlesex population. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ a b c GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Middlesex. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ Mills 2001, p. 151
- ^ a b Middlesex - The jubilee of the County Council, C W Radcliffe, Evans Brothers, 1939
- ^ Tuican Hom, http://www.twickenham-museum.org.uk/detail.asp?ContentID=12, retrieved 30 March 2012
- ^ Stevenson, Bruce (1972). Middlesex. p. 13.
- ^ Twickenham Museum, http://www.twickenham-museum.org.uk/detail.asp?ContentID=364, retrieved 30 March 2012
- ^ Keightley, A., The History of England, (1840)
- ^ "County of Middlesex Trust, Historical Facts". County of Middlesex Trust. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
- ^ "The hundred of Isleworth". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3. 1962. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ^ GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Ossulstone hundred. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ a b c Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911 Edition
- ^ Robbins, Michael (1953 and 2003). Middlesex. Chichester: Phillimore. p. 189. ISBN 9781860772696.
- ^ S.G. Mendyk, Speculum Britanniae: regional study, antiquarianism, and science in Britain to 1700, 1989.
- ^ Magna Britannia et Hibernia Antiqua et Nova Thomas Cox, E. Nutt (publisher) (1720) Vol iii. p.1
- ^ Robbins, Michael (1953 and 2003). Middlesex. Chichester: Phillimore. p. 38. ISBN 9781860772696.
- ^ Rural Rides Volume i. THROUGH HAMPSHIRE, BERKSHIRE, SURREY, AND SUSSEX, BETWEEN 7th OCTOBER AND 1ST DECEMBER, 1822 (ed. Everyman) William Cobbett, p 124
- ^ Robbins, Michael (1953 and 2003). Middlesex. Chichester: Phillimore. p. xiii and 28. ISBN 9781860772696.
- ^ a b c d e Greater London Group (July 1959). Memorandum of Evidence to The Royal Commission on Local Government in Greater London. London School of Economics.
- ^ Order in Council enlarging the Metropolitan Police District (SI 1840 5001)
- ^ Local Government Areas 1834 -1945, V D Lipman, Oxford, 1949
- ^ Joseph Fletcher, The Metropolis; its Boundaries, Extent, and Divisions for Local Government in Journal of the Statistical Society of London, Vol. 7, No. 2. (June 1844), pp. 103-143.
- ^ London Metropolitan Archives - A Brief Guide to the Middlesex Sessions Records, (2009). Retrieved on 26 July 2009.
- ^ Robbins, Michael (1953 and 2003). Middlesex. Chichester: Phillimore. pp. 199–205. ISBN 9781860772696.
- ^ Royston Lambert, Central and Local Relations in Mid-Victorian England: The Local Government Act Office, 1858-71, Victorian Studies, Vol. 6, No. 2. (Dec., 1962), pp. 121-150.
- ^ GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Monken Hadley. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ Frederic Youngs, Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol.I : Southern England, London, 1979
- ^ Royston, J., Revisiting the Metro-Land Route, Harrow Times. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Reed, J., London Tramways, (1997)
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information - London Passenger Transport Act 1933 (as amended). Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Royal Air Force - Battle of Britain Campaign Diary. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ "Ealing and Brentford: Growth of Brentford". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 7. 1982. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ^ "Brentford". The Environs of London: volume 2: County of Middlesex. 1795. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ^ Doherty, F., The Anglo Saxon Broken Back Seax. Retrieved on 20 February 2008
- ^ Online Etymology Dictionary - Saxon. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Armorial bearings of Middlesex, The Times. 7 November 1910.
- ^ The Book of Public Arms, A.C. Fox-Davies, 2nd edition, London, 1915
- ^ Civic Heraldry of England and Wales, W.C. Scott-Giles, 2nd edition, London, 1953
- ^ Civic Heraldry of England and Wales - Essex County Council. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Civic Heraldry of England and Wales - Middlesex (obsolete). Retrieved on 20 February 2008
- ^ C W Scott-Giles, Royal and Kindred Emblems, Civic Heraldry of England and Wales, 2nd edition, London, 1953, p.11
- ^ Civic Heraldry of England and Wales - Greater London Council. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Civic Heraldry of England and Wales - Spelthorne Borough Council. Retrieved on 20 February 2008
- ^ Civic Heraldry of England and Wales - Greater London. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Middlesex population. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
- ^ London Government Act 1963, Section 3: (1) As from 1st April 1965—
(a) no part of Greater London shall form part of any administrative county, county district or parish;
(b) the following administrative areas and their councils (and, in the case of a borough, the municipal corporation thereof) shall cease to exist, that is to say, the counties of London and Middlesex, the metropolitan boroughs, and any existing county borough, county district or parish the area of which falls wholly within Greater London;
(c) the urban district of Potters Bar shall become part of the county of Hertfordshire;
(d) the urban districts of Staines and Sunbury-on-Thames shall become part of the county of Surrey.
Section 89: (1) In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires, the following expressions have the following meanings respectively, that is to say—
'county' means an administrative county; - ^ Office of Public Sector Information - London Government Act 1963 (as amended). Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ The Local Law (North West London Boroughs) Order 1965 (S.I. 1965 No. 533)
- ^ The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972 (SI 1972/2038)
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information - Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Surrey (County Boundaries) Order 1994. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information - The Heathrow Airport (County and London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993. Retrieved on 23 February 2008.
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information - The Greater London and Surrey (County and London Borough Boundaries) (No. 4) Order 1993. Retrieved on 23 February 2008.
- ^ a b Natural England - London Basin Natural Area. Retrieved on 23 February 2008.
- ^ "The Physique of Middlesex". A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 1. 1969. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- ^ The Mountains of England and Wales - Historic County Tops. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ The Mountains of England and Wales - London Borough Tops. Retrieved on 2 February 2008.
- ^ Middlesex County Cricket Club. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Middlesex University - About Us: Our History. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Potters Bar Town F.C. - Fixtures. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Mitoo - 2006–2007 Season: Middlesex County Football Association. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Wilson, A., Betjeman, (2006)
- ^ Randall, J., Early Day Motion 13 May 2003. Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ Administration of Justice Act 1964 (1964 C. 42)
- ^ Office of Public Sector Information - The Commission Areas (Greater London) Order 2003 (Statutory Instrument 2003 No. 640). Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ a b Geographers' A-Z Map Company 2008, p. 1
- ^ Royal Mail - PAF Digest Issue 6.0. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
- ^ Royal Mail 2004, p. 9
- ^ HMSO, Names of Street and Places in the London Postal area, (1930). Retrieved on 20 February 2008.
- ^ "G.P.O. To Keep Old Names. London Changes Too Costly.". The Times. 12 April 1966.
- ^ Paul Waugh (29 May 2003). "Property boom fuels calls to reform 'postcode lottery'". The Independent. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
- ^ "Hampton Court: How to find us". Historic Royal Palaces. Retrieved 2009-11-02.
- Bibliography
- Geographers' A-Z Map Company (2008), London Postcode and Administrative Boundaries (6 ed.), Geographers' A-Z Map Company, ISBN 978-1-84348-592-6
- Mills, A.D. (2001), Dictionary of London Place Names, Oxford, ISBN 0-19-280106-6
- Page, William (Edr.) (1911), A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 2, Victoria County History, British History Online
- Royal Mail (2004), Address Management Guide (4 ed.), Royal Mail Group
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Middlesex. |
- Victoria County History of Middlesex
- Historic boundary as layer for Google Earth
- Article on Middlesex from Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Maps of Middlesex subdivisions: Edmonton, Elthorne, Gore, Isleworth and Spelthorne
- Middlesex and West London Photo Galleries
Buckinghamshire | Hertfordshire | Herts/Essex | |
Berkshire | Essex | |||
Surrey | Surrey | London |


text:
AIX provides a vast array of commands to handle user and group management. This article discusses some of these core security commands and provides a list that you can use as a ready reference. The behavior of these commands should be identical in all releases of AIX.
How to do I create a user on AIX?
To create a user on AIX, type:
mkuser <username> |
useradd <username> |
Both of these commands create the user on AIX and update the user information in the /etc/passwd file.
How do I set a user password?
The passwd command sets the password for user and updates the user's password information to /etc/security/passwd file. When the password is set for user using the passwd command, it sets the ADMCHK flag so that the user is prompted to change the password during their next login.
To set the password, type:
passwd <username> |
How do I clear the ADMCHK flag for a user?
To clear the ADMCHK flag and all password flags for a user, type:
pwdadm -c <username> |
The -c flag clears the ADMCHK flag for user and modifies the user's password stanza in /etc/security/passwd file.
How do I create a group on AIX?
Use the mkgroup command to create groups on AIX and update group information in the /etc/group and /etc/security/group files.
mkgroup <groupname> |
How do I remove a user?
Two commands are available to remove a user. To remove users, type:
rmuser <username> |
userdel <username> |
How do I remove a group?
Use the rmgroup command to remove a group.
rmgroup <groupname> |
How do I list the user attributes?
The lsuser command displays all of the user attributes from the /etc/passwd and /etc/security/user files.
lsuser <username> |
How do I list group attributes?
To show the attributes of a group, type:
lsgroup <groupname> |
How do I change user attributes?
The chuser command changes the user information and updates the configuration files.
chuser attribute=value <username> |
How do I disable remote logins on the system?
User attributes are stored in the /etc/security/user configuration file. To disable users from loging in remotely, set the "rlogin" attribute as "false."
What's the difference between "registry" and "SYSTEM" attributes of a user?
The registry attribute specifies where the user or group identification information is administrated and the SYSTEM attribute controls which methods are used and how the methods affect the overall authentication. Every user on AIX must have a value for the registry and SYSTEM attribute. Groups only have registry values.
What are the AIX Security configuration files?
AIX security configuration files |
/etc/passwd |
/etc/group |
/etc/security/passwd |
/etc/security/user |
/etc/security/group |
/etc/security/lastlog |
/etc/security/login.cfg |
/usr/lib/security/methods.cfg |
How do I check for inconsistencies in the security configuration files?
usrck | This command corrects the user information. |
grpck | This command corrects the group information. |
pwdck | This command verifies the correctness of the password information in the user database files. |
How do I get the user and group name length limits from kernel?
The getconf command with the LOGIN_NAME_MAX parameter retrieves the user and group name length limits in the kernel.
getconf LOGIN_NAME_MAX |
What is the maximum name length for user and group?
For AIX 5.2 and below, the maximum name length for user and group is 8 characters. AIX 5.3 and above allows the administrator to increase the name length for users and groups up to 255 characters.
How do I increase the name length for users and groups?
Using the smit , the smit -> System Environments -> Change / Show Characteristics of Operation System panel can be used to change the value (in "Maximum login name length at boot time" field) in the ODM database. The value specified in the smit panel takes effect after the next reboot.
Using the command line, the chdev command can be used to change the sys0 device's v_max_logname parameter in the ODM database through the max_logname attribute. The changed value in the ODM database takes effect after the next reboot.
# chdev -l sys0 -a max_logname=30 sys0 changed |
How do I configure the ITDS LDAP server/client on AIX?
The mksecldap command configures the ITDS LDAP server/client. Please refer to the Resources section for more information.
How do I stop the LDAP client daemon?
Use the /usr/sbin/stop-secldapclntd command to stop the LDAP client daemon.
How do I start the LDAP client daemon?
Use the /usr/sbin/start-secldapclntd command to start the ldap client daemon..
How do I restart the secldapclntd daemon?
Use the /usr/sbin/restart-secldapclntd command to restart the secldapclntd daemon.
How do I get the LDAP user information from the LDAP server?
The lsldap command gets the information from the LDAP server through the LDAP client and secldapclntd daemon.
lsldap -a passwd username OR lsuser -R LDAP username |
How do I get LDAP group information from the LDAP server?
lsldap -a group groupname OR lsgroup -R LDAP groupname |
For more information about the LDAP commands, please refer to this whitepaper.
How do I configure a NAS Kerberos server on AIX?
mkkrb5srv -r <realm> -s <servername> -d <domain> |
This command configures the Kerberos server on AIX and creates the /etc/krb5/krb5.conf, /var/krb5/krb5kdc/kdc.conf, and kdm5.acl files.
How do I configure a NAS Kerberos client on AIX?
mkkrb5clnt -r <realm name> -c <KDC server> -s <Kerberos server> -d <domain> -a admin/admin -A i files -K - T |
This command configures a Kerberos client on AIX and uses "files" as the database for the Kerberos. If you want to use "LDAP" as the database, specify LDAP in place of "files" in the above command. This command also updates the KRB5files and KRB5 modules information to /usr/lib/security/methods.cfg files.
How do I create a Kerberos user?
mkuser -R registry=KRB5files SYSTEM="KRB5files" <username> OR mkuser -R KRB5LDAP registry=KRB5LDAP SYSTEM="KRBLDAP" <username> |
How do I set the password for a Kerberos user?
passwd -R KRB5files <username> OR passwd -R KRB5LDAP <username> |
This command works if the Kerberos client is configured with the kadmin support. If there is no kadmind support, users can't change their passwords from the Kerberos client.
How do I configure the AIX Kerberos client with a Microsoft® Windows® Active Directory server?
config.krb5 -C -r <realm> -d <domain> -c <KDC server> -s <kerberos server> |
- <realm> is the Windows Active Directory domain name
- <domain> is the domain name of the machine hosting the Active Directory server
- <KDC server> is the host name of the Windows server
- <kerberos server> is the host name of the Windows server
What are the encryption mechanisms supported by Microsoft® Windows?
Microsoft Windows supports DES-CBC-MD5 and DES-CBC-CRC encryption types. Change the AIX Kerberos client /etc/krb5/krb5.conf files as follows.
[libdefaults] default_realm = MYREALM default_keytab_name = FILE:/etc/krb5/krb5.keytab default_tkt_enctypes = des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 default_tgs_enctypes = des-cbc-crc des-cbc-md5 |
How do I unconfigure the Kerberos client/server?
unconfig.krb5 |
This command removes the Network Authentication Service configuration information and files from clients and servers.
How do I verify which authentication method was used during the login?
echo $AUTHSTATE |
This command provides the authentication method that was used during the login.
- The AIX Security Guide provides system administrators with complete information on file, system, and network security.
configuration management and troubleshooting on AIX.
This article provides an overview of the LDAP configuration and management.
5L LDAP user management.This article provides an overview of the LDAP-related enhancements in the AIX 5L operating system V5.3 TL5 update.
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Uma M. Chandolu works as a Development Support Specialist on AIX. He has five years of extensive hands-on experience in AIX environments and demonstrated expertise in AIX system administration and other subsystems. He has experience interfacing with customers and handling customer-critical situations. He has been recognized as an IBM developerWorks contributing author. He can be contacted at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Puneet Mahajan is an Advanced AIX technical support specialist with over seven years of experience in AIX System Administration. He is currently the team lead of AIX remote support for Independent Software Vendors (ISV) at IBM Austin. You can reach him at email@example.com .


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§ 386.46
When, how, and by whom taken.
(1) The deposition of any witness may be taken at reasonable times subsequent to the appointment of an Administrative Law Judge. Prior to referral to the Office of Hearings, a party may petition the Assistant Administrator, in accordance with
, for leave to conduct a deposition based on good cause shown.
(2) Depositions may be taken by oral examination or upon written interrogatories before any person having power to administer oaths.
(3) The parties may stipulate in writing or the Administrative Law Judge may upon motion order that a deposition be taken by telephone or other remote electronic means.
(4) If a subpoena duces tecum is to be served on the person to be examined, the designation of the materials to be produced as set forth in the subpoena shall be attached to, or included in, the notice.
(5) If the deposition is to be recorded by videotape or audiotape, the notice shall specify the method of recording.
Any party desiring to take the deposition of a witness must indicate to the witness and all other parties the time when, the place where, and the name and post office address of the person before whom the deposition is to be taken; the name and address of each witness; and the subject matter concerning which each such witness is expected to testify.
A party desiring to take a deposition must give notice to the witness and all other parties. Notice must be in writing. Notice of the deposition must be given not less than 20 days from when the deposition is to be taken if the deposition is to be held within the continental United States and not less than 30 days from when the deposition is to be taken if the deposition is to be held elsewhere, unless a shorter time is agreed to by the parties or by leave of the Assistant Administrator or Administrative Law Judge by motion for good cause shown.
Depositions upon written questions.
Within 14 days after the notice and written questions are served, a party may serve cross-questions upon all other parties. Within 7 days after being served with cross-questions, a party may serve redirect questions upon all other parties. Within 7 days after being served with redirect questions, a party may serve recross questions upon all other parties. The Assistant Administrator or Administrative Law Judge may enlarge or shorten the time for cause shown.
Taking and receiving in evidence.
Each witness testifying upon deposition must be sworn, and any other party must be given the right to cross-examine. The questions propounded and the answers to them, together with all objections made, must be reduced to writing; read by or to, and subscribed by the witness; and certified by the person administering the oath. The person who took the deposition must seal the deposition transcript in an envelope and file it in accordance with
. Subject to objections to the questions and answers as were noted at the time of taking the deposition and which would have been valid if the witness were personally present and testifying, the deposition may be read and offered in evidence by the party taking it as against any party who was present or represented at the taking of the deposition or who had due notice of it.
Witness limit.
No party may seek deposition testimony of more than five witnesses without leave of the Agency decisionmaker for good cause shown. Individual depositions are not to exceed 8 hours for any one witness.
Motion to terminate or limit examination.
During the taking of a deposition, a party or deponent may request suspension of the deposition on grounds of bad faith in the conduct of the examination, oppression of a deponent or party or improper questions propounded. The deposition will then be adjourned. The objecting party or deponent must, however, immediately move for a ruling on his or her objections to the deposition conduct or proceedings before the Assistant Administrator or Administrative Law Judge, who then may limit the scope or manner of the taking of the deposition.
Code of Federal Regulations
[70 FR 28484, May 18, 2005]


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