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ERIC MACK, INTRODUCTION - Auberon Herbert, The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State and Other Essays (1978 ed.) [1885]Edition used:The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State, and Other Essays, ed. Eric Mack (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1978).
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ERIC MACK, INTRODUCTIONThis collection of essays makes available the major and representative writings in political philosophy of one of the distinctive figures in the profound and wide-ranging intellectual debate which took place during the late Victorian age. It was during this period, in the intellectual and social ferment of the 1880s and 1890s, that Auberon Herbert (1838-1906) formulated and expounded voluntaryism, his system of "thorough" individualism. Carrying natural rights theory to its logical limits, Herbert demanded complete social and economic freedom for all noncoercive individuals and the radical restriction of the use of force to the role of protecting those freedoms—including the freedom of peaceful persons to withhold support from any or all state activities. All cooperative activity, he argued, must be founded upon the free agreement of all those parties whose rightful possessions are involved. Auberon Herbert was by birth and marriage a well-placed member of the British aristocracy. He was educated at Eton and at St. John's College, Oxford. As a young man he held commissions in the army for several years and served briefly with the Seventh Hussars in India (1860). On his return to Oxford he formed several Conservative debating societies, was elected a Fellow of St. John's, and lectured occasionally in history and jurisprudence. In 1865, as a Conservative, he unsuccessfully sought a seat in the House of Commons. By 1868, however, he was seeking a parliamentary seat, again unsuccessfully, as a Liberal. Finally, in 1870, Herbert successfully contested a by-election and entered the Commons as a Liberal representing Nottingham. Most notably, during his time in the House of Commons, Herbert joined Sir Charles Dilke in declaring his republicanism and Herbert supported Joseph Arch's attempts to form an agricultural laborer's union. Although, through hindsight, many of Herbert's actions and words during the sixties and early seventies can be read as harbingers of his later consistent libertarianism, he actually lacked, throughout this period, any consistent set of political principles. During this period, for instance, he supported compulsory state education—albeit with strong insistence on its being religiously neutral. In late 1873 Herbert met and was much impressed by Herbert Spencer. As he recounts in "Mr. Spencer and the Great Machine," a study of Spencer led to the insight that thinking and acting for others had always hindered, not helped, the real progress; that all forms of compulsion deadened the living forces in a nation; that every evil violently stamped out still persisted, almost always in a worse form, when driven out of sight, and festered under the surface. I no longer believed that the handful of us—however well-intentioned we might be—spending our nights in the House, could manufacture the life of a nation, could endow it out of hand with happiness, wisdom, and prosperity, and clothe it in all the virtues.1 However, it was even before this intellectual transformation that Herbert had decided, perhaps out of disgust with party politics or uncertainty about his own convictions, not to stand for reelection in 1874. Later, in 1879, he again sought Liberal support to regain a seat from Nottingham. But at that point his uncompromising individualist radicalism was not acceptable to the majority of the Central Council of the Liberal Union of Nottingham. In the interim, 1877, he had organized the Personal Rights and Self-Help association. And in 1878 he had been one of the chief organizers of the antijingoism rallies in Hyde Park against war with Russia. Along with other consistent classical liberals, Herbert repeatedly took anti-imperialist stands. He called for Irish self-determination. He opposed British intervention in Egypt and later opposed the Boer War. In 1880 following his rejection by the Liberals of Nottingham, Herbert turned to the publication of addresses, essays, and books in defense of consistent individualism and against all forms of political regimentation. Even in 1877 he had been disturbed by "a constant undertone of cynicism" in the writings of his mentor, Herbert Spencer, and had resolved to do full justice to "the moral side" of the case for a society of fully free and voluntarily cooperative individuals.2 And while Spencer grew more and more crusty, conservative, and pessimistic during the last decades of the nineteenth century, Herbert, who continued to think of himself as Spencer's disciple, remained idealistic, radical, and hopeful. And though he refused to join, he willingly addressed such organizations as the Liberty and Property Defense League which he felt to be "a little more warmly attached to the fair sister Property than … to the fair sister Liberty."3 Similarly, Herbert held himself separate from the Personal Rights Association, whose chief mover, J. H. Levy, favored compulsory taxation for the funding of state protective activities. With the exception of the individualistic "reasonable anarchists," Herbert thought of himself as occupying the left wing of the individualist camp, that is, the wing most willing to carry liberty furthest.4 In 1885 Herbert sought to establish the Party of Individual Liberty and under this rubric gave addresses across England. The title essay for this collection, The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State, was written as a statement of the basis for, the character of, and the implications of, the principles of this party. Again with the aim of advancing libertarian opinion, Herbert published the weekly (later changed to monthly) paper Free Life, "The Organ of Voluntary Taxation and the Voluntary State," from 1890 to 1901. Free Life was devoted to "One Fight More—The Best and the Last," the fight against the aggressive use of force which is "a mere survival of barbarism, a mere perpetuation of slavery under new names, against which the reason and moral sense of the civilized world have to be called into rebellion."5 Also during the 1890s, Herbert engaged in lengthy published exchanges with two prominent socialists of his day, E. Belfort Bax and J. A. Hobson. Herbert continued to write and speak into this century, and two of his best essays, "Mr. Spencer and the Great Machine" and "A Plea for Voluntaryism," were written in 1906, the last year of his life. In all his mature writings Auberon Herbert defended a Lockean-Spencerian conception of natural rights cording to which each person has a right to his own person, his mind and body, and hence to his own labor. Furthermore, each person has a right to the products of the productive employment of his labor and faculties. Since each person has these rights, each is under a moral obligation to respect these rights in all others. In virtue of each person's sovereignty over himself, each individual must consent to any activity which directly affects his person or property before any such activity can be morally legitimate. Specifically, each must forgo the use of force and fraud. Each has a right to live and produce in peace and in voluntary consort with others, and all are obligated to respect this peace. In The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State, Herbert is anxious to point out that there is a potentially dangerous confusion between "two meanings which belong to the word force."6 Direct force is employed when person A, without his consent, is deprived, or threatened with the deprivation, of something to which he has a right—for example, some portion of his life, liberty, or property. Anyone subject to such a deprivation or threat is, in his own eyes, the worse for it. His interaction with the wielder of force (or fraud) is something to be regretted, something to which he does not consent. In contrast, if B induces A to act by threatening (so-called) merely to withhold something that B rightfully owns and A values, then, according to Herbert, we can say that B has used "indirect force" upon A. But such indirect force is radically different from direct force. In the case of indirect force, A does not act under a genuine threat. For he is not faced with being deprived of something rightfully his (his arm or his life). Instead he is bribed, coaxed, induced into acting by the lure of B's offer of something which is rightfully B's. No action endangering rights plays any role in motivating A. A may, of course, wish that B had offered even more. But in accepting B's offer, whatever it may be, A indicates that on the whole he consents to the exchange with B. He indicates that he values this interchange with B over the status quo. He indicates that he sees it as beneficial—unlike all interactions involving direct force. The employer may be indirectly forced to accept the workman's offer, or the workman may be indirectly forced to accept the employer's offer; but before either does so, it is necessary that they should consent, as far as their own selves are concerned, to the act that is in question. And this distinction is of the most vital kind, since the world can and will get rid of direct compulsion; but it can never of indirect compulsion….7 Besides, Herbert argues, any attempt to rid the world of indirect force must proceed by expanding the role of direct force. And "when you do so, you at once destroy the immense safeguard that exists so long as [each man] … must give his consent to every action that he does."8 The believer in strong government cannot claim, says Herbert, that in proposing to regulate the terms by which individuals may associate, he is merely seeking to diminish the use of force in the world. What, then, may be done when the violation of rights threatens? So strong is Herbert's critique of force that, especially in his early writings, he is uncomfortable about affirming the propriety of even defensive force. Thus, in "A Politician in Sight of Haven" the emphasis is on the fact that the initiator of force places his victim "outside the moral-relation" and into "the force-relation." Force, even by a defender, is not "moral." The defender's only justification is the necessity of dealing with the aggressor as one would with "a wild beast." Indeed, so pressed is Herbert in his search for some justification that he says, in justification of his defense of himself, "The act on my part was so far a moral one, inasmuch as I obeyed the derived moral command to help my neighbor."9 In The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State, Herbert starts by identifying the task of finding moral authority for any use of force and the task of finding moral authority for any government. He declares that no "perfect" foundation for such authority can be found, that all such authority is a usurpation—though "when confined within certain exact limits … a justifiable usurpation."10 In his later writings, Herbert seems to have fully overcome his hesitancy about defensive force. Possibly his most forceful statement appears in the essay "A Voluntaryist Appeal": If you ask us why force should be used to defend the rights of self-ownership, and not for any other purpose, we reply by reminding you that the rights of self-ownership are … supreme moral rights, of higher rank than all other human interests or institutions; and therefore force may be employed on behalf of these rights, but not in opposition to them. All social and political arrangements, all employments of force, are subordinate to these universal rights, and must receive just such character and form as are required in the interest of these rights.11 According to Herbert, each person's absolute right to what he has peacefully acquired through the exercise of his faculties requires the abolition of compulsory taxation. The demand for "voluntary taxation" only is a simple instance of the demand for freedom in all human interaction. An individual does not place himself outside the moral relation by merely retaining his property, by not donating it for some other person's conception of a worthy project. Such a peaceful individual is not a criminal and is not properly subject to the punishment of having a portion of his property confiscated. Herbert particularly urged those in the individualist camp to reject compulsory taxation. I deny that A and B can go to C and force him to form a state and extract from him certain payments and services in the name of such state; and I go on to maintain that if you act in this manner, you at once justify state socialism. The only difference between the tax-compelling individualist and the state socialist is that while they both have vested ownership of C in A and B, the tax-compelling individualist proposes to use the powers of ownership in a very limited fashion, the socialist in a very complete fashion. I object to the ownership in any fashion.12 It is compulsory taxation which generates and sustains the corrupt game of politics—the game in which all participants strive to further their aims with resources forcefully extracted from those who do not share their aims. Compulsory taxation breaks the link between the preferences of the producers and peaceful holders of resources with respect to how those resources (their property, their faculties, their minds and bodies) should be used, and the actual use of those resources. For instance, compulsory taxation gives great and undue facility for engaging a whole nation in war. If it were necessary to raise the sum required from those who individually agreed in the necessity of war, we should have the strongest guarantee for the preservation of peace…. Compulsory taxation means everywhere the persistent probability of a war made by the ambitions or passions of politicians.13 Herbert's demand for a "voluntary state," that is, a state devoted solely to the protection of Lockean-Spencerian rights and funded voluntarily, combined with his continual condemnation of existing state activities led to Herbert's being commonly perceived as an anarchist. Often these perceptions were based on hostility and ignorance, but Herbert was also regarded as an anarchist by serious and reasonably well-informed prostate critics like J. A. Hobson and T. H. Huxley. Similarly, J. H. Levy thought that to reject the compulsory state was to reject the state as such. And while, for these men, Herbert's purported anarchism was a fault, the individualist anarchist Benjamin Tucker always insisted that, to his credit, Auberon Herbert was a true anarchist.14 Of course, there can be no question of whether Auberon Herbert was an anarchist of the coercive collectivizing or terrorist sort. Nothing could be further from his own position. For as Herbert points out in his "The Ethics of Dynamite," coercion, systematic or random, is nothing but a celebration of the principles on which the coercive state rests. Whether Herbert was an anarchist of the individualist, private property, free market sort is another and far more complex question. Herbert himself continually rejected the label; and although he maintained cordial relationships with men like Benjamin Tucker and Wordsworth Donisthorpe, he insisted that his views were sufficiently different from theirs in important respects to place him outside the camp of "reasonable" anarchists. In what ways did Herbert's views differ from those of the individualist anarchists as represented by Tucker? Tucker had tied himself to a labor theory of value. It followed for him that such activities as lending money and renting property were not genuinely productive and that those who gained by such activities advanced themselves improperly at the expense of less-propertied people. Thus, Tucker took the laboring class to be an exploited class, exploited by the holders of capital. And he duly sympathized with, and often shared the rhetoric of, others who were announced champions of the proletariat against the capitalist class. Herbert did not accept this sort of economic analysis. He saw interest as a natural market phenomenon, not, as Tucker did, as the product of state enforced monopolization of credit. And Herbert saw rent as legitimate because he believed, contrary to Tucker, that one did not have to be continually using an object in order to retain just title to it and therefore morally charge others for their use of that object.15 I suspect it was these differences—differences not actually relevant to the issue of Herbert's anarchism—along with Herbert's desire not to grant the political idiots of his day the verbal advantage of tagging him an anarchist, that sustained Herbert's insistence that what he favored was, in fact, a type of state. But other factors and nuances entered in. Herbert argued that a voluntarily supported state would do a better job at defining and enforcing property rights than would the cooperative associations which anarchists saw as taking the place of the state and protecting individual liberty and property. Unfortunately, in his exchanges with Tucker on this matter, the question of what sort of institution or legal structure was needed for, or consistent with, the protection of individual life, liberty, and property tended to be conflated with the question of the genuine basis for particular claims to property.16 Finally, Herbert's considered judgment was that individualistic supporters of liberty and property who, like Tucker, favored the free establishment of defensive associations and juridical institutions were simply making a verbal error in calling themselves anarchists. They were not for no government, Herbert thought, but for decentralized, scattered, fragmented government. Herbert's position was that, although it would be better to have many governments within a given territory (a republican one for republicans, a monarchical one for monarchists, etc.) than to compel everyone to support a single state,17 individuals, if given the choice, would converge on a single government as their common judge and defender within a given territory.18 How we ultimately classify Herbert depends upon our answers to these two questions: (1) Does the fact that Herbert would allow individuals to withhold support from "the state" and to form their own alternative rights-respecting associations, show him to be an anarchist? (2) Does the fact that Herbert thought that it would be unwise for individuals to form such splinter associations, and unlikely that they would form them, show that the central institution which he favored was a state?19 No sketch of Herbert's views could be complete, even as a sketch, without some mention of Herbert's multidimensional analysis of power—"the sorrow and the curse of the world."20 Following Spencer's distinction between industrial and militant societies, Herbert continually emphasized the differences between two basic modes of interpersonal coordination. There is the "way of peace and cooperation" founded upon respect for selfownership and the demand for only voluntary association. And there is the "way of force and strife" founded upon either the belief in the ownership of some by others or the simple reverence of brute force.21 It is difficult, however, to summarize Herbert's analysis of these modes since it involves a great number of interwoven moral, psychological, and sociological insights. One of course must look to his writings, but chiefly his two last essays, "Mr. Spencer and the Great Machine," and "A Plea for Voluntaryism." Insofar as there is a division of labor between these two essays, the former focuses on the inherent dynamic of political power—the ways in which the great game of politics captures its participants no matter what their own initial intentions—while the latter essay focuses on the corrupting results of this captivity within those participants. According to Herbert, no man's integrity or moral or intellectual selfhood can withstand participation in the battle of power politics. The soul of the high-minded man is one thing; and the great game of politics is another thing. You are now part of a machine with a purpose of its own—not the purpose of serving the fixed and supreme principles—the great game laughs at all things that stand before and above itself, and brushes them scornfully aside, but the purpose of securing victory…. When once we have taken our place in the great game, all choice as regards ourselves is at an end. We must win; and we must do the things which mean winning, even if those things are not very beautiful in themselves.22 Progress is a matter of the development of human individuality, not the growth of uniformity and regimentation. Hence, Progress depends upon a great number of small changes and adaptations and experiments constantly taking place, each carried out by those who have strong beliefs and clear perceptions of their own in the matter. … But … true experimentation is impossible under universal systems. … Progress and improvement are not amongst the things that great machines are able to supply at demand.23 Progress, then, is part of the price we all pay for power. But the possessors of power pay a further price. For, according to Herbert, power is a "fatal gift." If you mean to have and to hold power, you must do whatever is necessary for the having and holding of it. You may have doubts and hesitations and scruples, but power is the hardest of all taskmasters, and you must either lay these aside, when you once stand on that dangerous, dizzy height, or yield your place to others, and renounce your part in the great conflict. And when power is won, don't suppose that you are a free man, able to choose your path and do as you like. From the moment you possess power, you are but its slave, fast bound by its many tyrant necessities.24 Ultimately, therefore, it is in no one's interest to seek power over others. Such an endeavor simply generates a dreadful war of all upon all which, even when momentarily won, makes the victor the slave of the vanquished and which robs all contestants of their dignity as selfowning and self-respecting beings. It is necessary to emphasize that, according to Herbert, liberty and respect for all rights are, ultimately, in each individual's interest. For Herbert often couched his appeals in terms of self-denial and self-sacrifice. This was especially true of his appeals to the working class, which he envisioned as forming electoral majorities for the purpose of legislating downward redistributions of property. In fact, it seems that Herbert's calls for self-denial were calls for the discipline to withstand the temptations of (merely) short-term political windfalls and to appreciate the long-term moral, psychological, and economic importance, for each person, of respect for all individual rights. Thus, on the moral and psychological level, Herbert rhetorically asks, If you lose all respect for the rights of others, and with it your own self-respect; if you lose your own sense of right and fairness; if you lose your belief in liberty, and with it the sense of your own worth and true rank; if you lose your own will and self-guidance and control over your own lives and actions,…what can all the gifts of politicians give you in return?25 And on the tactical level he adds, "In the end you will gain far more by clinging faithfully to the methods of peace and respect for the rights of others than by allowing yourselves to use the force that always calls out force in reply…."26 The skepticism of Herbert's contemporaries about whether they would have to live with such long-term consequences was, for them, no virtue, and, for us, no favor.
La. February 1978 Endnotes[[1]]Auberon Herbert, "Mr. Spencer and the Great Machine," p. 260. For additional bibliographic information see the bibliography. Page citations for material reproduced here are to pages in this volume. All other page citations refer to items listed in the bibliography. [[2]]S. Hutchinson Harris, Auberon Herbert: Crusader for Liberty, p. 248. [[3]]Auberon Herbert, "The Rights of Property," p. 7. [[4]]Ibid., p. 39. [[5]]S. Hutchinson Harris, "Auberon Herbert," pp. 700-701. [[6]]Herbert, The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State. p. 144. [[7]]Ibid., pp. 144-45. [[8]]Ibid., pp. 145-46. [[9]]Herbert, "Politician," p. 101. Italics added. [[10]]Herbert, Right and Wrong, p. 141. [[11]]Herbert, "A Voluntaryist Appeal," p. 317. [[12]]J. H. Levy, ed., Taxation and Anarchism, p. 3. For a discussion of the views of J. H. Levy, Herbert's antagonist in the exchange reprinted as Taxation and Anarchism, see Liberty, vol. 7, no. 14, p. 4. [[13]]Herbert, "The Principles of Voluntaryism and Free Life," p. 398. [[14]]See J. A. Hobson, "Rich Man's Anarchism"; T. H. Huxley, "Anarchy or Regimentation"; Levy, ed., Taxation and Anarchism, p. 7; and Tucker's announcement of Herbert's death in Liberty (vol. 15, no. 6, p. 16)—"Auberon Herbet is dead. He was a true anarchist in everything but name. How much better (and how much rarer) to be an anarchist in everything but name than to be an anarchist in name only!" [[15]]Whereas Herbert grounded his views in a belief in moral rights and obligations Tucker came to espouse a purportedly postmoralistic egoism, and whereas Herbert was at least sympathetic to theism, Tucker was aggressively antireligious. But these differences seem never to have beenfactors in their disputes. [[16]]Liberty, vol. 7, no. 6, p. 5. [[17]]See Levy, ed., Taxation and Anarchism, pp. 3-4. [[18]]Herbert, "A Voluntaryist Appeal," p. 329, and "Principles," p. 383. [[19]]See Liberty, vol. 10, no. 12, p. 3. For a portion of the contemporary version of this dispute, see Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State, and Utopia (New York: Basic Books, 1974), Tibor Machan, Human Rights and Human Liberties (Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1975), and the essays by Eric Mack and Murray Rothbard in Anarchism, ed. J. W. Chapman and J. R. Pennock (New York: New York University Press, 1978). [[20]]Herbert, "A Plea for Voluntaryism," p. 316. [[21]]Ibid., p. 358. [[22]]Herbert, "Mr. Spencer," p. 267. [[23]]Ibid., pp. 300-01. [[24]]Herbert, "A Plea for Voluntaryism," p. 321. [[25]]Ibid., p. 341. [[26]]Ibid., p. 358. |


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Michael Christie, conductor
Renaud Doucet, stage director
André Barbe, set and costume designer
Guy Simard, lighting designer
Princess Turandot Irina Rindzuner* / Helen Todd**
Calaf, the unknown prince Adam Herskowitz* / Scott Piper**
Liù, a young slave girl Kelly Kaduce* / Christie Hageman**
Timur, an exiled king, father of Calaf Richard Ollarsaba
Ping, the grand chancellor Matthew Opitz
Pang, the general purveyor John Robert Lindsey
Pong, the chief cook Brad Benoit
* performs April 13, 16, 18, 20
** performs April 14, 17, 19, 21


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We found
6 lodge parks
within 49 miles Bulwell
1 bookable
Rivendale Caravan & Leisure Park Ashbourne, Derbyshire Show on map Last booked 4 days, 18 hours ago |
Camping pod | 4 x | From £40 per night | |
Family camping pod | 4 x | From £50 per night |
Want to see more? We're only showing the sites that are bookable on Pitchup.com.
Show campsites and holiday parks that aren't bookable through Pitchup.com...
Highfields Country Holiday Fishing Retreat Sleaford, Lincolnshire Show on map |
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From EatingWell: March/April 2011
Turn a couple cans of tuna into a zesty tuna burger with this quick recipe. If you can't find good whole-wheat hamburger buns, whole-wheat English muffins are a great substitute. The burger mixture might seem a little soft going into the pan, but once the first side is cooked, you'll be able to flip them easily. Serve with steamed broccoli or sweet potato fries.
Makes: 4 servings
Active Time:
Total Time:
Diabetes appropriate | Low calorie | Low cholesterol | Low saturated fat | Heart healthy | High fiber | Healthy weight |
View Our Nutrition Guidelines »Per serving: 321 calories; 12 g fat (2 g sat, 5 g mono); 20 mg cholesterol; 39 g carbohydrates; 5 g added sugars; 17 g protein; 5 g fiber; 647 mg sodium; 365 mg potassium.
Nutrition Bonus: Vitamin C (40% daily value), Vitamin A (29% dv).
Carbohydrate Servings: 2
Exchanges: 2 starch, 1 1/2 lean meat, 2 fat


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Where Did Women Flourish? In Russian Avant-Garde
Of the many avant-garde movements that flourished in Europe–and, for that matter, on this side of the Atlantic, too–in the first two decades of the 20th century, only one can be said to have included a significant number of women among its leading talents. This distinction belongs to the modernist movement in the visual arts Read More


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From presenting deserving students with awards at school assemblies, starting off charity walks, or adding excitement at a neighborhood festival, Baxter loves spending lots of time with D-backs fans in the community.
To request Baxter for your next event, please contact us at email@example.com.
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You can check out the studio blog here.
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As promised, Circle Takes The Square have begun documenting studio work on their long-awaited new album. The band recently entered the studio to work on their first new material in four years. The band issued their last album, As The Roots Undo in 2004.
You can check out the studio blog here. Robotic Empire (23 comments)
Please login or register to post comments.What are the benefits of having a Punknews.org account?
hitlerbadzakgood (May 12, 2008)
the worst part of this is the fact that i wont hear this for another year or so. amazing band, stoked that theyre back in the studio.
feeeding5000 (May 12, 2008)
YES! Fucking yes! I have been waiting for this. |
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The death of an Effingham woman last fall has been officially ruled a heroin overdose.
Effingham County Coroner Duane Guffey said Ashla R. Owens, 20, had been found dead in her home on Oct. 8. Guffey said authorities have known for some time that Owens succumbed to an overdose, but the official release had been delayed while police investigated her death.
Guffey said the heroin found in Owens' body was particularly lethal because of its relative potency.
"There was a significant amount of heroin in her system, but there was also a high degree of purity in that drug," he said.
Effingham Detective Sgt. Todd Ebbert said city police conducted numerous interviews in connection with Owens' death. Ebbert said that information has been forwarded to the office of State's Attorney Bryan Kibler for further review.
When reached for comment, Kibler said the matter was still under invevstigation.
Ebbert said Illinois has a drug-induced homicide law on the books. He said, however, that it's not clear whether anyone will be charged under that law.
Guffey also reported Monday the death of Cain Alexander "Alex" Daughtery, 17, was an accident. Daughtery had been struck by a train last Nov. 10 as he walked on railroad tracks.
Guffey said toxicology tests on Daughtery's body were negative.
Bill Grimes can be reached at 217-347-7151, ext. 132, or at bill. firstname.lastname@example.com.
Local News
One death ruled overdose, another accident
- Local News
- Doan: Increase to allow proactivity TONY HUFFMAN and JACKSON ADAMS Daily News Timeline If passed, the Dec. 2015 tax levy would be the first time abatement of existing bonds (using schools facility sales tax revenue.) Therefore, taxpayers would see a decrease in tax bills paid in spring
St. Elmo, Brownstown school boards discuss consolidation option
St. Elmo and Brownstown School Boards met to discuss finances and incentives for consolidation at a special board retreat.
Coroner: Natural causes claim local woman's life
Authorities say the death of a 53-year-old Effingham woman resulted from natural causes.
Ice hammers marina dock at Lake Sara
The owner of The Marina@Lake Sara says there's quite a number of rental spaces available at his dock. But, Brian Larson said, the spaces won't be available until he fixes the damage wrought by the almost-concluded winter.
Brownstown man sentenced for meth possession
A Brownstown man was sentenced to the Department of Corrections for possession of methamphetamine.
Origin of school facility sales tax dates to 1990s
While Effingham County voters are getting their first shot at approving a sales tax increase that would — proponents say — help county school districts finance capital improvement and maintenance projects, the concept is far from a new one. In fact, the concept dates back more than a decade.
Local farmer speaks out against wind project
Last month, the Effingham County Board heard from an advocate for a wind power transmission line that could pass through Effingham County.
Heroin suspect Church faces old charge
While the trial for one of the two men charged in connection with a recent heroin-related death has been delayed until June, Albert D. Church isn't done with court until then.
No foul play suspected in woman's death
No foul play is suspected in the death of 46-year-old Lynda Jakubowski.
Greene's recovery a 'miracle'
Every once in awhile, Aaron Greene says his knee hurts. After what he's been through in the past nine months, he feels fortunate that the knee is the only thing that hurts.
Greene, now 18, is the Teutopolis teen who was nearly killed when he was hit by a vehicle while visiting relatives in Rockford June 12. The force of the collision drove his right arm into his shoulder socket, broke his collarbone and left arm, caused elbow and knee injuries and left him in a coma.
- More Local News Headlines


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Tax season is now over and wedding season is underway. So what if you're recently married (or soon to be married) and you're already thinking about taxes for next year? Do you know if you want to file together or separately? While filing jointly is commonly considered the best way to go, there are a few things to think about before you choose. Let's talk about your options so you can make an informed decision.
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for Employment Opportunities
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Rodriguez leads Hidalgo County District Attorney's raceWhen early voting results were released after polls closed at 7 p.m., Rodriguez had a lead in the race...04 March 2014Read More...
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Current Conditions:
Cloudy, 57 F
Mon - Showers. High: 60 Low: 55
Tue - Partly Cloudy. High: 83 Low: 59
Wed - Sunny. High: 68 Low: 46
Thu - Mostly Sunny. High: 68 Low: 50
Fri - Partly Cloudy. High: 77 Low: 58
Full Forecast at Yahoo! Weather
(provided by The Weather Channel)
MISSION - James M. Pendergrass of Mission, passed away on April 20. He was born on December 13, 1940, in Wasco, California.
Pendergrass retired from Lockheed Aeronautical Corporation with more than 32 years of service. He served in the United States Air Force in the 1950's and was a member of the American Legion Post #93, in Mission. He was an avid golfer and coached at Shary Municipal Golf course during the summer. He was also the publicity editor for the American Legion, and Shary Municipal and Meadow Creek Golf Courses in Mission. Pendergrass was a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Mission.
He is survived by his wife, Cathy Pendergrass; sons, Eddy and Scott; brother, Dave Pendergrass of Las Vegas; sisters, Joyce Eccles of Idaho and Ramona Shores of Texas; and seven grandchildren.
He was preceded in death by a daughter, Donna Baade; his parents, Otto and Helen Pendergrass; and sisters, Florence Kay Pendergrass and Sandra Jay Pendergrass.
Visitation will be from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. on Sunday, April 28, and memorial service at 5 p.m. at Ric Brown funeral home in Mission. Burial will be held April 29, 11 a.m. at Veterans Cemetery in Mission.
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The Progress Times is the hometown newspaper for the local communities of Mission, Sharyland, Alton, Palmview, La Joya and surrounding areas in Western Hidalgo County. We have a staff of veteran reporters who work diligently every week to bring our readers the latest news as it affects their hometown area and people.
© Copyright 2012 Progress Times, All Rights Reserved


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Definition of rekey in English:
Syllabification: re·keyPronunciation: /rēˈkē
- Enter (text or other data) again using a keyboard.More example sentences
- They may have to rekey the data, but I suspect most companies would be willing to make that effort.
- A basic challenge to the efficient use of any fleet management system is capturing the field or shop data electronically so that they don't have to be rekeyed into the computer.
- That means 93 percent of them are rekeying information, faxing documents, and building electronic patchwork bridges to fill orders.


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My music started as a full-time thing when I got through to the bootcamp stage at Xfactor, 2012. I never really believed in myself as a singer until that point and even though I didn't make it far on the show, it inspired me to never give up on my singing. I got a keyboard for my birthday and started to play and record my voice for fun. Then, my brother bought some recording equipment and a mic and started recording my voice over beats that he made.For me, once I decide to do something, I never look back, and I began my full-time music journey from there. I am working at getting better on filming by myself and producing my voice, stacking on my own, writing my own songs and building my fan base:) I started learning more and more covers and started playing with a band. I love music more than anything in the world. I like the way it makes me feel and an audience feel. I am a cross between Christina Aguilera, Alicia Keys with a splash of Adele. My main focus right now is writing my songs so that teen emotions are relevant and taken seriously. I started working with my teen band who hails from my hometown of Tampa.....The Macy Kate Band. Cade Larson, Nick Lopez and Austin Anderson write and pick out songs that they think fit my voice. and would adjust them to make them more interesting and emphasize my vocal range. Finally, I felt like I could be myself with my sound and try new things, spin the vocal sounds, add growls,run and riff whenever and wherever I felt like it. Funny thing, like Dorothy in the Wizard of Oz, the answers to my problems were in my own backyard. MacyKate is working with Rock City (Rihanna, Ciara, Drake, Justin Bieber, Usher, Jennifer Lopez, Chris Brown, Sean Kingston, Britney Spears, Pussycat Dolls, Busta Rhymes, T.I., Flo Rida, Leona Lewis, Jason Derulo, Lil Jon, R Kelly, Ludicris, Beyonce), Robbie Nevil (Jordin Sparks), Shanna Crooks (Demi Lovato, Kelly Clarkson), Mel &Mus (Ciara, Rihanna, Nicki Minaj. Verse Simmons (Chris Brown). Macy Kate is the youngest recording artist ever to record with Sean Kingston at the age of 15. She has opened for Aaron Carter, The OMG Girlz, Seven Nations, Mega You Tube star Alex G, Rick Springfield and many more. Macy Kate has played the Sprint Arena, Raymond James Stadium, NYE First Night, The Roxy LA, House of Blues LA, Webster Hall New York City, The Ritz Theatre Ybor City, The Florida Aquarium, Rocket Town Nashville and Eddie's Attic Atlanta.
3221 South Evans StreetGreenville N.C. 27834
Telephone: 252.355.8500 Fax: 252.355.8568 Email: email@example.com


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At the very least, the controversies threaten to distract the White House at a pivotal time, when the president wants to tackle big issues like immigration reform and taxes. At most, the controversies collectively could erode the American people's trust in him, threatening both to derail his second term agenda and sully his presidential legacy.
The court order did not authorize snooping into the content of phone calls. But with millions of phone records in hand, the NSA's computers can analyze them for patterns, spot unusual behavior and identify what are known in intelligence circles as "communities of interest" -- networks of people in contact with targets or suspicious phone numbers overseas.
Once the government has zeroed in on numbers it believes are tied to terrorism or foreign governments, it can go back to the court with a wiretap request. That allows the government to monitor the calls in real time, record them and store them indefinitely.
The court document related to Verizon offers a glimpse into the larger NSA effort. Under the law, the government would need to demand records from each phone company individually. While subpoenas for other phone companies have not been made public, for the data-mining program described by government officials to work, the government would need records for all providers.
"There is no indication that this order to Verizon was unique or novel. It is very likely that business records orders like this exist for every major American telecommunication company, meaning that if you make calls in the United States the NSA has those records. And this has been going on for at least 7 years, and probably longer," wrote Cindy Cohn, general counsel of the nonprofit digital rights group Electronic Frontier Foundation, and staff attorney Mark Rumold, in a blog post.
Jim Harper, a communications and privacy expert at the libertarian-leaning Cato Institute, questioned the effectiveness of using so-called pattern analyses to intercept terrorism. He said that kind of analysis -- finding trends in transactional data collected by Verizon -- would produce many false positives and give the government access to intricate data about people's calling habits.
"This is not just entertainment or a sideshow. This is a record of who you called every day this month," he said, urging Congress to require the government to provide "a full explanation" of how this data turns up terrorism plots.
Under Bush, the National Security Agency built a highly classified wiretapping program to monitor emails and phone calls worldwide. The full details of that program remain unknown, but one aspect was to monitor massive numbers of incoming and outgoing U.S. calls to look for suspicious patterns, said an official familiar with the program. That official spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to discuss it publicly.
After The New York Times revealed the existence of that wiretapping program, the roundup continued under authority granted in the USA Patriot Act, the official said.
The official did not know if the program was continuous or whether it stopped and restarted at times.
The official had not seen the court order released by the Guardian newspaper but said it was consistent with similar authorizations the Justice Department has received.
Verizon spokesman Ed McFadden said Wednesday the company had no comment.
The NSA had no immediate comment. The agency is sensitive to perceptions that it might be spying on Americans. In a brochure it distributes, which includes a DVD for reporters to view video that it provides for public relations purposes, it pledges that the agency "is unwavering in its respect for U.S. laws and Americans' civil liberties -- and its commitment to accountability," and says, "Earning the American public's trust is paramount."
Verizon Communications Inc. listed 121 million customers in its first-quarter earnings report this April -- 98.9 million wireless customers, 11.7 million residential phone lines and about 10 million commercial lines. The court order didn't specify which customers' records were being tracked.
Under the terms of the order, the phone numbers of both parties on a call are handed over, as are call time and duration, and unique identifiers. The contents of the conversation itself are not covered, The Guardian said.
A senior administration official, defending the collection of phone records by the government, said, "On its face, the order reprinted in the article does not allow the government to listen in on anyone's telephone calls." The official spoke on condition of anonymity because the official was not authorized to discuss the matter publicly.
Interviewed separately, the former intelligence official described a system in which the database needed to be kept current so that if intelligence agencies obtained a phone number from a terror suspect overseas, it could immediately be matched against the records on file. Because it is not easy or quick to obtain the records from phone companies, the Obama administration needed to renew the Bush-era program on an ongoing basis to keep it updated, the former official said.
It's not clear how long the records are kept, or if they are destroyed. The former official said that since terror suspects frequently change phone numbers to cover their tracks, there is little need for older records.
Congressional intelligence agencies were briefed extensively on the program, and received support from both Republicans and Democrats to continue it, the former official said. "Some were nervous about it, but there was never any attempt to stop the program," he said. He described it as a White House-led process.
The broad, unlimited nature of the records being handed over to the NSA is unusual. FISA court orders typically direct the production of records pertaining to a specific named target suspected of being an agent of a terrorist group or foreign state, or a finite set of individually named targets. NSA warrantless wiretapping during the George W. Bush administration after the 9/11 attacks was very controversial.
The FISA court order, signed by Judge Roger Vinson, compelled Verizon to provide the NSA with electronic copies of "all call detail records or telephony metadata created by Verizon for communications between the United States and abroad" or "wholly within the United States, including local telephone calls," The Guardian said.
The law on which the order explicitly relies is the "business records" provision of the USA Patriot Act.


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This summer has by most measures been elusive. It is more the hint and probability of summer than the thing we actually seek, that we talk about. And this year, the folks who come around and knock on my door and desperately try to convert me, have more evidence to support their claims of the end of times. They talk on and on of tornados, tsunamis, massive floods, shooting sprees, gay marriages, drugs, values and on and on.
I'm polite; I don't discuss natural cycles like global warming or the world press, which today informs us of things we never would have known about in earlier times. Besides, although I do believe in a creative consciousness that I label God and a historical son of his, Jesus, I don't choose to demonize long-term natural trends as evidence that man is destroying his world … even though they actually may be doing that. Instead, I have grown a beard.
Now this may seem a non-sequitur, but let me try to explain. Just about every depiction I've seen of God shows him with a beard. Likewise, most images of Jesus show him with a beard. Most monks are shown with facial hair. There must be some reason for this. A man with facial hair has much less time for idle thoughts and the contemplation of "what if" type stuff. A man with facial hair has to concern himself with who or what might be living in his beard. A beard naturally itches as it grows but what if the itch is some vermin or insect or some bit of food?
A beard not only frees man from the need to worry about esoteric issues, but it keeps him busy washing, combing and otherwise focusing on immediate, important issues closer to home.
A man with a beard is far less likely to cheat on his wife! Who else would have him or want that mass of hair touching them?
A man with a beard is far less likely to dream of affairs or anything else. Every time he sits quietly, his hand rises to his chin and he feels his lovely, clean beard. He is reminded of the reality of where he is and his responsibilities: his need to brush his beard, comb it, wash it, trim it. His beard keeps him from dreams of travel, adventure or sin.
I admit that my initial try at growing a beard years and years ago was a disaster. There were parts of my face where my beard never did really grow and other parts where the hair curled and grew wildly. As a younger man I had no time to piddle with it. I worked two or three jobs to support my wife and a future family. When I finally looked at myself in the mirror, I cut the thing off! Funny, I soon found a better job.
So, a beard requires discipline, time and attention to detail … all things that come with time and experience.
Then, too, as I looked around, the men that I saw with beards seemed to be self-assured, intelligent and relatively happy. I wasn't unhappy, but my increasing age seemed to be hindering some of my physical attributes … my sight was getting worse, my strength was diminishing, my joints were sore. I decided that as I fell apart, I might as well look smarter and wiser. It might have worked or maybe it just made me look older.
What do you think?
Richard Olmer can be reached via e-mail at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Groundhog days
Mon, Jan 30, 2012
A pleasant surprise and a lost art
Wed, Nov 2, 2011
On this summer, global warming and facial hair
Fri, Sep 9, 2011
A summer almost gone?
Mon, Aug 1, 2011
The origins of trail names
Wed, Jul 6, 2011
Where exactly does spirit reside?
Wed, Jun 1, 2011
Where to begin?
Wed, Apr 6, 2011
Considering cougar cuisine
Wed, Mar 2, 2011
The folly of resolutions
Tue, Jan 18, 2011
A place of uncommon beauty
Tue, Jan 4, 2011
Christmas: What does it all mean?
Tue, Dec 21, 2010
A spiritual advisor
Wed, Nov 10, 2010
Understanding personal gifts of everyday people
Tue, Oct 26, 2010
So, after you've done it all, what's left?
Wed, Oct 6, 2010
The context of place
Wed, Sep 22, 2010
Revisiting old friends
Wed, Sep 1, 2010
Paradise is all around on peninsula
Wed, Aug 18, 2010
The wonder in waterfalls
Wed, Aug 4, 2010
A walk in the park does the soul good
Wed, Jul 21, 2010
Trying to explain
Wed, Jul 7, 2010


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SpagoWorld Webinar Center
SpagoWorld team delivers some free web-based seminars, offering you the opportunity to learn some interesting features or solutions related to SpagoWorld projects.You just have to register, using the link near the chosen webinar in the table below. A few days before the date of the chosen webinar, you will receive a confirmation e-mail. Moreover, about one hour before the beginning of the webinar, another e-mail will provide you with the access instructions.
The participation is free and access is on a "first-registered-first-served" basis.
Unless otherwise specified, the webinars are delivered in English language.
Webinars scheduling
The next session of SpagoWorld webinars is under scheduling.More information and subscription will be available soon. Stay tuned!
Subscribe to SpagoWorld monthly Newsletter to find out everything about SpagoWorld solutions, news, events and on the next available webinars.


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Brazil is developing so fast that its politics need to keep its interests in align with the state's. In other words, political debate should not be a detriment to the growing economy and power of Brazil. As of now, it looks as though politics will not be a problem for the state as Rousseff is doing a good job and the opposition party seems to be unsure of what its plan is for the upcoming election. Hopefully the country of Brazil does not let its politics ruin its prosperity as we have seen in other countries. Brazil is rising very quickly and is on the brink of being a major player in world politics.
TO THE outside world, Brazil's last elections seem like yesterday. But the country is already gearing up for the next round in October 2012. That is when city mayors and councillors will be elected—and nowhere is more closely watched than São Paulo, a municipality bigger than many countries (with 11m inhabitants). Its mayoral race has national implications.
São Paulo is the stronghold of the largest opposition party, the Party of Brazilian Social Democracy (PSDB). Its choice of candidate will shed light on its strategy in the race for president in 2014. José Serra, its defeated presidential candidate in 2002 and 2010, stepped down halfway through his previous mayoral term in order to stand for state governor, despite having promised before the election that he would serve a full term. A repeat performance would weaken his credibility. So if he does stand for mayor, it suggests that he has given up hope of another presidential run.
The PSDB is unlikely to give Mr Serra the third shot at the president he seems to crave. But he may not wait around to find out. In March São Paulo's current mayor, Gilberto Kassab, stepped down from the Democratas (DEMs), a smaller ally of the PSDB, in order to set up his own party, the Party of Social Democrats (PSD), which finally came into being on September 1st. Mr Kassab described his creation as "collaborative but independent". The reality is that the PSD is closer to the government coalition than to the DEMs. Mr Kassab himself is thought to be mulling over a run for state governor in 2014. Since Mr Serra is his close friend and political ally, one possibility is that the PSD could be intended as a base from which Mr Serra could launch his third presidential run.
Mr Serra's departure would leave the way clear for Aécio Neves, a former governor of Brazil's third richest and second most populous state, Minas Gerais, to stand as the PSDB's presidential candidate in 2014. The party's biggest vote winner in 2010 and regarded as its best hope of regaining the presidency, he has disappointed admirers who thought he would use his current role as senator for the state to set out his vision for the country. Instead, he seems to be waiting to see who he might be standing against—Dilma Rousseff, the current president, or Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, her predecessor—before deciding whether he is willing to run. That may be prudent, but it hardly suggests political courage.
Just as internal party politics are hotting up, the dividing lines between parties are blurring. In recent weeks Ms Rousseff has defined her partnership with São Paulo's governor, the PSDB's Geraldo Alckmin, as "exceptional", and has spoken warmly of Brazil's period under Fernando Henrique Cardoso (president from 1995 to 2002), praising him as "the president who contributed decisively to the consolidation of our economic stability". That is a big change from Lula, who frequently referred to Mr Cardoso's legacy as a "cursed inheritance", even as he maintained his predecessor's orthodox macroeconomic policies. For admirers of Mr Cardoso, that is a welcome, if belated, recognition of his achievements. But for the PSDB, it will make it harder to carve out a distinct political identity.


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What is to prevent the same user having two accounts that "vote each other up"?.
There are script that runs each day that can detect such scenario and reverse all the vote if a such thing is detected. The detail of the those detection script are unknown (except for the developer) for obvious reason. Also, if you think someone has been doing that (and the vote haven't been reversed), you can flag it for moderator attention. |


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Updated Jan 30, 2013 - 2:10 pm
Synthetic turf will accompany Lowell-Stevens football facility additon
Originally published: Jan 28, 2013 - 11:08 am
The University of Arizona announced recently that along with the addition of the Lowell-Stevens football facility to the north end of Arizona Stadium, new synthetic turf would also be installed to replace the natural grass playing surface.
The installation is expected to begin Feb. 1 and should be completed by Aug. 1. The Wildcats' first home game of the 2013 season is Aug. 30 against NAU.
The same company that is overseeing the Lowell-Stevens construction, Mortenson Construction, won the bidding last week to also construct the turf field. The cost of the turf field is around $1 million.
"Having a turf field will give us flexibility," assistant athletics director Suzy Mason said. "During the monsoon season, days and weeks of practices are sometimes missed because the grass is unplayable."
Arizona Athletics also wanted to make sure that the field would always look game day ready, as it makes it easier for recruits to better visualize what the stadium and field will look like during the games.
Mason couldn't give much insight into what the new turf field would look like but she did say it would have a "strong Arizona feel."
"I like it," junior Chris Wagner said after learning of the news. "Because it will be a cleaner field without the divots and holes all over. I'd like them to keep the "A" logo and "BearDown" on the sidelines," Wagner said.
FieldTurf is the name of the company that makes the synthetic turf that will be installed at Arizona Stadium. Arizona selected "FieldTurf Revolution with Cool Play" as the type of turf, which Mason said was a perfect fit for the hot Tucson summer and fall seasons.
"Water cannons will be available sub-surface to allow for some cooling measures," Mason said. "Also, the cool play cork infill has the potential to reduce the heat emanating from the turf surface."
Thirteen NFL teams have FieldTurf installed in their stadiums and Pac-12 schools Washington and Oregon also have used FieldTurf.
Mason said she doesn't believe there are any environmental issues that come with a synthetic turf nor does she believe any will arise, but she is confident that they would be taken care of if there were any.
One conflict that the university will have to deal with is the May 11 commencement, which will be held at Arizona Stadium this year. Plans are to put the turf installation on hold around May 1 and then carry on construction after graduation.
"I'm not sure how graduation will look right now," Mason said. "But given that it's an entirely new field surface, preparations will start in February and go till graduation and the carpet [turf] itself will be down in July."
Since the field isn't expected to be ready until Aug. 1, the Wildcats will play their spring football game outside of Arizona Stadium for the second straight year. Last season Arizona played their spring game at Kino Stadium, this year the game will stay on campus and will be played at Kindall-Sancet Stadium. The university has not announced a date for the game.
While the turf isn't expected to be ready until August, the university believes the Lowell-Stevens facility will be completed by early July.
Mason said everything is still going as planned and expects the football team to start moving into Lowell-Stevens by the July deadline, when the season kicks off. Ultimately, the new Arizona Stadium is starting to take shape.
"Contractors are getting ready to pull down the tower cranes," Mason said. "And with the building now nearly fully enclosed, the interior will take shape quickly in the next five months."
- NFL Draft '14: Recapping Arizona's Pro Day and looking ahead to ASU's
- UA's Rodriguez: Proposed play clock rule would change fundamentals of game
- UA's Rodriguez: Don't expect QB to be named by end of spring
- Arizona moves first two games of 2014 season to weekdays
- Arizona coach: Receiver Austin Hill is 100 percent
- Stewart Mandel, SI.com college football writer - Thursday March 6Stewart Mandel talks about why the proposed rule to limit hurry up offenses in college football was
- Rich Rodriguez, UA Head Football Coach - Wednesday March 5The latest rule change to college football would fundamentally change the game.
- Doug Gottlieb, CBS Sports college basketball analyst - Thursday February 27Doug Gottlieb thinks Jahii Carson and Aaron Gordon should both stay in school for one more season.
- Bearing Down with Adam and Jarrett - Wednesday February 26Adam and Jarrett talk about the Utah/Colorado sweep and the week ahead.
- What's on your mind? - Thursday February 20Vince tells us what is going through his head this week in and out of the sports world.


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Forums → The Tavern
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 1:53pm
1,633 posts
I crack my knuckles quite often, mainly because they feel like they need to be cracked, I am sure you know the feeling. The way I normally crack my knuckles is just locking my fingers and stretching my arms, though I can often just move my fingers back without my other hand to crack them. Is this bad for me? I've looked at a couple pages (1) but I want you fellow smart people and knuckle crackers' opinions.
(I also roll my toes over and crack them, is this bad?)
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 2:28pm
5,426 posts
Cracking your knuckles doesn't harm anything. Same for any other joint.
Although I suppose if you're too forceful you could damage something...but generally you stop when there's pain.
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 2:33pm
137 posts
like one time i was lenning on a chair and my cracked and it hurt
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 3:13pm
1,751 posts
My brother did that when he was about 14,15 years old.He did it three times a day.Nothing happened with his fingers.Nothing happened to his fingers after that.
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 3:28pm
7,482 posts
I crack every part of my body and nothing happens to my fingers or my other parts.
So I'm pretty much saying that it isn't bad.
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 3:58pm
4,733 posts
It doesn't any real bad, but if done frequently over long time it will eventually affect the force of those joints. So I would suggest, don't overdo it.
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 4:47pm
1,001 posts
i fell backwards in a chair ounce and i cracked some things for the worse...
anyway no cracking your bones isnt gonna hurt you.
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 4:50pm
7,836 posts
i actually asked a doctor about this out of curiosity..he told me that basically..the worst it'll do is give you arthritis in those joints a few years earlier than when you would have them. But nothing bad like people commonly think so
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 4:51pm
613 posts
Erm, cracking one of many bones in the body can lead to death or paralyzing the body permanently.
If you're talking about cracking as in cracking your knuckles, you're right, it's harmless.
Posted Jan 6, '13 at 4:53pm
It's not the bones anyway.. what does the popping sound is gas bubbles bursting and dispersing in the tissue, slowly accumulating again over time.
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Video Categories
Video Disclaimer
The Health Videos are for information only. The contents of the Health Videos, such as graphics, images, text, quoted information and all other materials ("Content") are provided for reference only, do not claim to be complete or exhaustive or to be applicable to any particular individual's medical condition. Users should always consult with a qualified and licensed physician or other medical c...
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Concussions in Girls Sports - Health Tips
Presented by Carl P. Valenziano MD, MPA, FACS, Director of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, St. Joseph's Healthcare System.
In a study by Ohio State and looking at girls soccer and basketball, they found that girls concussion rates are greatly larger than boys in both sports. Girls injuries are predominantly head and face bumps and bruises where boys had higher concussion rates. 73% of head injuries in boys were concussions and 40% were concussions in girls. In girls lacrosse contact is banned and yet girls still experience a high rate of concussions. Working with coaches is important for safe play as well as working with referees to enforce rules put in place. Multiple concussion instances can be even more disastrous especially in succession and protection is key for girls in dangerous situations.


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Ah yes, there it is. Can't make sand castles with the kids with out a bright green shovel. (Photo: INF)
Kate Gosselin seen here getting ready to play in the sand with her kids. (Photo: INF)
Kate Gosselin holds one of her daughters hands as they walk out of the waves. (Photo: INF)
Kate enjoys a good laugh.(Photo: INF)
Kate Gosselin spotted on the beach in North Carolina with six of her eight children, nanny and security guards, without her husband Jon. (Photo: INF)
Kate Gosselin is out at the beach once again. But what is she looking for? (Photo: INF)
Kate and the children get splashed by some white waves.(Photo: INF)


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2012 First-Look Gallery
Never before has a date in history been so significant to so many cultures, so many religions, scientists, and governments. 2012 is an epic adventure about a global cataclysm that brings an end to the world and tells of the heroic struggle of the survivors. It's co-written and directed by Roland Emmerich (of The Day After Tomorrow fame) and stars John Cusack, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Amanda Peet, Oliver Platt, Thandie Newton, Danny Glover and Woody Harrelson. 2012 is released on November 13, 2009.
Roll your mouse over the left and right-hand sides of the image and then click to view more pictures.
2 of 4
Watch the latest trailer for 2012
Recent Galleries:
- Sin City: A Dame To Kill For - First-look Photo Gallery
- The Grand Budapest Hotel Photo Gallery
- 300: Rise Of An Empire Photo Gallery
- Transformers: Age of Extinction - Character Poster Gallery
- Non-Stop (Liam Neeson/Michelle Dockery) Photo Gallery
- The Book Thief - Photo Gallery
- Only Lovers Left Alive Photo Gallery
- A Conversation with John Travolta Photo Gallery
- The Quiet Ones Poster Gallery
- Noah Character Poster Gallery


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Mike Lieberthal Rumors
Odds and Ends: Fukudome, Burrell, Furcal, Rolen
Two of my favorite local blogs have good hot stove posts for us today as part of Odds and Ends.
- Bleed Cubbie Blue has a Cubs source indicating the Cubs are serious about both Hiroki Kuroda and Kosuke Fukudome. They could be signed quickly and fill team needs. This info jives with the recent info from Bruce Miles of the Daily Herald. While Kuroda recently filed for free agency, he's open to offers from MLB and Hiroshima.
- South Side Sox has their suggested offseason plan up for the White Sox. I like the idea of acquiring Pat Burrell and/or Rafael Furcal with Type A draft pick compensation in mind.
- Curt Schilling was in Philly to watch the Eagles last night.
- It seems possible that the Nationals could sign Corey Patterson for center field if they can't get one of the big names.
- La Velle E. Neal III says the Twins and Red Sox have touched base about Coco Crisp. He adds that the Twins and Rays have been having conversations, perhaps in reference to Rocco Baldelli.
- Mike Lieberthal may be on the radar for the Blue Jays.
- Scott Rolen is said to be open to waiving his no-trade clause, but the three years and $36MM on his contract will be a problem.
State Of The Dodgers
The L.A. Daily News' Tony Jackson has a look at the Dodgers' upcoming offseason. You also might be interested in my recent Needs and Luxuries post on the team. A summary of Jackson's column:
- Juan Pierre could be shifted to left field to allow the Dodgers to employ a stronger arm in center field. It's odd...teams seem to be souring on last winter's signings even when they received exactly what everyone expected (Pierre and Jason Marquis, for example). It'd be different for the Red Sox to sour on J.D. Drew, he played well below expectations in Year 1. Anyway, Pierre could be moved to accomodate Matt Kemp (perhaps putting Andre Ethier in right), or the Dodgers could pursue a center fielder. They've already been connected to Andruw Jones.
- The Dodgers perceive third base as a big hole, apparently not willing to give Andy LaRoche another look. Of course we have to mention Alex Rodriguez. But how about Mike Lowell?
- The Dodgers will pass on options for Ramon Martinez and Randy Wolf, but might consider Mike Lieberthal at $1.5MM. Liebs could earn almost $40K per game next year, not too shabby.
- L.A. has a couple of non-tender candidates: Mark Hendrickson and Chin-hui Tsao. Apparently they will keep Hendrickson but cut Tsao loose.
Red Sox Need A Catcher
Jason Varitek needs knee surgery, and WEEI in Boston is saying he may be out 4-6 weeks. I'm sure Will Carroll will have the definitive word on this Wednesday morning.
In the meantime, the Red Sox are scrambling for a catcher who can hit above the Mendoza line. They're going to have to shop for the high-salary, waiver-passing guys. Who's available?
Javy Lopez is the first name that comes to mind. Lopez wants a flat-out release, but the Orioles won't do that. According to the Baltimore Sun, the team would like to pass him through waivers and cover some, but not all, of his salary in a trade. He's only caught 20 games this year. There's always the possibility the Yankees put in a claim on Lopez just to thwart the Sox. Lopez has worked with current Yankees Jaret Wright and Sidney Ponson before.
Bengie Molina was a name thrown out by Jerry Crasnick today as a possible waiver trade candidate. Molina makes $5MM on the season and the Jays are 6.5 games back (3-7 in their last ten games).
Mike Lieberthal is in the last year of a huge contract with the Phillies. Liebs has experience catching Mike Timlin and Curt Schilling. As a 10 and 5 player he can reject any waiver claim.
Jason LaRue is a player the Reds wouldn't mind sending off. He makes $3.9MM this year and $5.2MM in '07. LaRue is not happy as Dave Ross's backup.
Rod Barajas is being pushed aside in Texas, and he'll hit free agency after the season. He was a teammate of Curt Schilling's for several years in Arizona.
UPDATE: According to Will Carroll, Varitek's procedure is minor and should keep him out about three weeks.
Zito, Kendall For Floyd, Abreu, Lieberthal?
A wild rumor has surfaced on the A's page of MLB.com. According to the site:
"Late Wednesday, another rumor popped up, with the Phillies said to have offered outfielder Bobby Abreu, catcher Mike Lieberthal and pitching prospect Gavin Floyd for lefty Barry Zito and catcher Jason Kendall."
Lieberthal and Kendall had about equal value on the field in 2005. Comparing contracts, the catcher part of the deal is a big win for Oakland. Kendall's on the hook for $19MM through 2007, while Lieberthal is owed $7.5MM for 2006 only. So the A's come out a good $11.5MM ahead here, especially considering how bad Kendall could be by 2007.
Zito will be paid $7.9MM in 2006 before he hits free agency. Here's Dayn Perry's thoughts on the lefthander:
"He's a good starting pitcher who eats innings and is a safe bet to be a tick or two above average in terms of preventing runs. However, Zito's not an ace. That he might be treated as one on the trade market is part of the reason why Oakland should deal him now."
Abreu is a star, and he will be paid like one for the next two or three years. He'll get $28MM through 2007 with a $16MM club option for '08 and a $2MM buyout. So the A's would be on the hook for a ton of money, but they are getting a more valuable player. Plus, even the A's would consider signing Abreu as a free agent if he was asking for two years, $30MM. That's not a terrible price and the length is reasonable.
Gavin Floyd is kind of a throw-in to make Beane feel better about the salary he'd be taking on. Floyd had a very ugly 163 innings in 2005, and still hasn't come near mastering Triple A. 28 solid Major League innings in 2004 probably gave him a reputation he didn't deserve.
Thanks to the several emailers who passed this rumor along.


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The Bible as Thomas Jefferson Read Jesus' Life
by Trent Gilliss, senior editor
Six years before his death in 1826, Thomas Jefferson constructed a text for his own personal library, which he often read each night for 30 minutes to an hour before bedtime. The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth — commonly referred to as The Jefferson Bible — is a compendium of clippings from the four gospels of the New Testament. The former president and author of the Declaration of Independence cut passages from six texts composed in four languages — English, French, Greek, and Latin — and pasted them in separate columns, side by side, so that he could study and compare the different translations.
The 77-year-old Deist believed Jesus' life and teachings to be "the most sublime and benevolent code of morals which has ever been offered to man." But Jefferson was a product of the Enlightenment and was skeptical of the four authors of the Gospels. He intended to tell a chronological version of Jesus' life, eliminating the passages that appeared "contrary to reason." There's no resurrection story at the closing of Jefferson's Bible; the tomb is shut.
As outlined in the video above, Jefferson's Bible has undergone a meticulous conservation process and is now being displayed through May 28, 2012 at the Albert Small Documents Gallery in the National Museum of American History in Washington D.C. If you can't make the trip, or even if you can, be sure to check out the online exhibition, which provides high-quality, zoomable photographic images of each of the 84 pages of The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth. And they're all transcribed too!
To Delete or Not to Delete
(photo:Vitor Sá - Virgu/Flickr)Rob McGinley Myers, Associate Producer
I enjoyed Nicholson Baker's essay about Wikipedia (a warning: in his discussion of Wikipedia vandalism, he quotes some profane language) in The New York Review of Books. He notes the astonishing fact that 1500 articles are deleted from Wikipedia every day, and there are warring factions of deletionists and inclusionists battling each other all the time.
Baker has often written about his worry that overlooked but wonderful things are disappearing from the world. He once said in an interview, "It makes me unhappy when certain things change or things are superceded… my nine year old daughter's personality… Card catalogues; things too. Jiffy Pop right now feels imperiled. I always think, thank God it's still hanging there, even though people don't really buy it for the popcorn anymore — maybe they never did — but now it's a nostalgia item." (If I knew more about Wikipedia, I would edit the page on Jiffy Pop to include Baker's anxiety about its continued survival.)
It made me think of St. Irenaeus, whom John O'Donohue quoted on our most recent show. A second century bishop of the Christian church, he helped delete a lot of early Scripture from the canon, including all the writing of the Gnostics. But when it came to choosing which of the several testaments to the life of Jesus was the right one, he gave up his deletionist tendencies and became an inclusionist. It was due in part to him that the New Testament included four gospels instead of just one.
(photo: slworking2/Flickr)


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Funding opportunities
The role of RNA in regulating de novo DNA methylation in hESC differentiation
Funding Type:
Basic Biology II
Grant Number:
Funds requested:
$974 546
Funding Recommendations:
Not recommended
Grant approved:
Public Abstract:
Our goal is to understand the processes that control how human embryonic stem cells differentiate to become various distinct cell types. The control of several important genes that determine this process relies on a process known as DNA methylation. DNA methylation involves the reversible "decoration" of our DNA at specific gene locations, resulting in the silencing of that gene. This is a key step in the commitment of these cells to particular differentiated endpoints. Understanding what controls the DNA methylation and silencing of key genes in human embryonic stem cell differentiation is the goal of this proposal. RNA can regulate how proteins function in the cell, and based on many examples involving DNA methylation, we will test if RNA controls when and where DNA methylation occurs during the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. We propose to use methods relying on the use of human embryonic stem cells and purified enzymes that carry out the DNA methylation itself. The identity of RNA molecules that bind to these enzymes will be determined by two distinct methods, and the biological importance of these RNA molecules to embryonic stem cell differentiation will be determined. The mechanism of how these RNA molecules alter the function of the the DNA methyltransferase enzymes will be determined. The realization of our goals is anticipated to provide the basis for controlling the function of the critical DNA methyltransferases, which has already been demonstrated to be important in influencing the cellular differentiation process.
Statement of Benefit to California:
The ability to use human embryonic stem cells depends on being able to control their differentiation. Thus, while these cells have the potential to become a different cells within different human tissues, our current ability to direct such changes is limited. This proposal will benefit the State of California and its citizens by providing improved ways of achieving this goal, of being able to direct these cells to particular differentiated cell types.
Review Summary:
The overall goal of this project is to understand how DNA methylation regulation occurs during human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation. DNA methylation involves the reversible alteration of DNA at specific gene locations and plays a critical role in the regulation of several genes. The applicant proposes to test the hypothesis that gene-specific de novo DNA methylation is an RNA-driven process during hESC differentiation. In Aim 1, the Principal Investigator (PI) proposes to use immunoprecipitation to identify RNA sequences associated with two specific DNA methyltransferases (DMNTs) during hESC differentiation and to validate identified sequences. In Aim 2, the PI proposes a complementary approach to identify RNA sequences that bind to purified DMNTs. S/he proposes an in vitro selection followed by the subsequent bioinformatics and hESC expression analyses.
Reviewers appreciated the proposal's mechanistic emphasis and the novelty and innovation of the proposed hypothesis. They were, however, divided in their assessment of its potential impact. One reviewer noted that the mechanisms of gene-specific DNA methylation are not well understood and that these studies could contribute to our understanding of how to reliably control lineage specific differentiation. Another reviewer questioned the significance for stem cell biology, given that there is limited evidence to suggest that the proposal will uncover a new biochemical mechanism important for hESC function.
Reviewers raised several issues when evaluating the proposal's feasibility and experimental design. They commented that the preliminary data presented does not directly demonstrate feasibility of the approach. Specifically, the feasibility of using immunoprecipitation to characterize a single known RNA is missing thus the specificity of the immunoprecipitation technology for RNA isolation is not validated. Moreover, the proposed application of RNA sequencing for global discovery was not a logical extension in the experimental approach, as a design to eliminate false positive hits was lacking. Validation of the results of the second aim is dependent on the first aim being successful. Therefore the preliminary data on RNA selection by the in vitro approach in a different system does not provide sufficient feasibility data for the proposed Aim of identifying RNA that binds to DMNT and is relevant for function in hESC. Reviewers also found the proposal's feasibility diminished by some gaps in the discussion of potential pitfalls and alternative approaches. One reviewer found this particularly important given that a part of the preliminary data appear to contradict, as noted by the PI, the central hypothesis.
Reviewers noted that the PI has put together a team comprised of productive and innovative investigators who have strong expertise in enzymology and computational molecular genetics. They highlighted the PI's effort commitment to the program and the excellent research environment. They appreciated that the co-investigator has been responsible for development of the novel technique for the in vitro selection approach. The reviewers, however, considered the lack of stem cell biology expertise on the team to be a significant weakness of the proposal.
In summary, although the reviewers considered the proposal to be innovative and of potential significance, and the PI and co-investigator very strong; they had concerns about the project's feasibility given some weaknesses in the preliminary data and the experimental design as well as the apparent lack of key personnel with stem cell biology expertise.


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1-10 of 12 properties to rent found
- Photos: 10
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£675 pcm
4 bedroom town house to rent Fields Close, Pontllanfraith
A modern and contemporary town house situated in this quiet cul de sac position in Pontllanfraith. The property offers living accommodation over three floors comprising to the ground floor of entrance hall, w/c cloakroom, lounge and kitchen/dining room. To the first floor there are three bedrooms... More details ›
Marketed by Cheshire & Co, Cwmbran.Call: 01633 869086 Local call rate
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£525 pcm
3 bedroom semi-detached house to rent Overdene, Pontllanfraith, Blackwood
Situated in Pontllanfraith. Nicely presented 3 Bed Semi Detached House situated close to Blackwood Town Centre, property briefly comprises: Entrance Hall. Lounge with laminate flooring and patio doors to spacious lawned rear garden. Kitchen with a range of modern wall and base units and integr... More details ›
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£525 pcm
3 bedroom semi-detached house to rent Brookfield Road, Pontllanfraith BLACKWOOD, Caerphilly
JW Homes are delighted to offer FOR RENT this Semi Detached Property situated on a popular residential development in Pontllanfraith within easy access to local amenities, schools and major road networks. Accommodation briefly comprising to the ground floor entrance hallway, living room, dining ... More details ›
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3 bedroom terraced house to rent Penmaen Road, Pontllanfraith
FIRST MONTH RENT HALF PRICE!! Mid terrace property in Pontllanfraith, comprising of lounge, kitchen, downstairs bathroom, three bedrooms, double glazed throughout, gas heating supply, front and rear gardens. More details ›
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GROUND FLOOR 3 BEDROOM FLAT AVAILABLE IN BLACKWOOD! This property is extremely spacious, and is in an excellent area. The location of the property allows exceptional views and also has excellent transport routes. The property consists of a very spacious lounge and kitchen, and 3 double bedrooms.... More details ›
- Photos: 6
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A semi detached property available to let in Libanus Fields, Blackwood. The property offers an open plan lounge/dining room, fitted kitchen, two good size bedrooms and bathroom. Further benefits include double glazing and gas central heating. Exterior of the property has hardstand parking to fron... More details ›
Marketed by Cheshire & Co, Cwmbran.Call: 01633 869086 Local call rate
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A Modern End Link property situated in a Popular Residential Development withing close proximity to Blackwood Town Centre, Schools and major road links. Accommodation briefly comprising, two bedrooms, living room, fitted kitchen, first floor bathroom and a ground floor WC. Further benefits inclu... More details ›
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A semi detached property situated in Pontllanfraith within easy access to major road networks, schools, local amenities and public transport. Accommodation briefly comprising to the ground floor, entrance porch, living room, dining room, kitchen and ground floor bathroom. To the first floor are ... More details ›
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* IDEAL LOCATION FOR BLACKWOOD * Situated in Pontllanfraith. We are pleased to present this spacious two bedroom apartment. The apartment comprises of lounge, kitchen, two double bedrooms, bathroom with shower over bath, patio area and parking area with space for two vehicles. Can be available... More details ›
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** SPACIOUS THREE BEDROOM SEMI-DETACHED HOUSE WITH FRONT AND REAR GARDENS** Two reception rooms, modern fitted kitchen, three bedrooms and first floor bathroom More details ›
Marketed by Martin & Co, Cwmbran Lettings.Call: 01633 379057 Local call rate


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ClearTouch® Glass Control
Dial Controls - Direct Access to Cooking Modes
Flush-to-Cabinet Design
Capacity #1 in Capacity at 4.7 Cu.Ft.
Recessed Broil Element for Increased Capacity and Safety
Hidden Bake Element for Increased Capacity
Convenience Amber Colored LCD Display
Timer with Cook Time Function
LCD Preheat Monitor Shows Progress of Preheat Cycle
Extra Large Door Window for Easy Monitoring of Cooking
High Quality Self-cleaning Rack Supports
Performance 10 Cooking Modes for Convenient Every Day Cooking
Efficiency EcoClean 2-Hour Self-Clean Cycle
Flush-to-Cabinet Design: Yes
Touch Control: No
Ergonomic Retractable Dials: No
Ergonomic Dials: Yes
Amber Colored Full Text Display: No
Amber Colored Display: Yes
Performance: Genuine European Convection: No
Speed Convection: No
Convection Bake, Broil, Roast: Yes
Bake, Broil, Roast: Yes
Pizza, Pie: Yes
Recipes: No
Fast Preheat: Yes
Meat Probe: No
Self Clean Mode: 2-Hour Cycle
Sabbath Mode: No
Panel Lock: No
Convenience: Ball Bearing Telescopic Racks: No
Standard Racks: 3
Porcelain Self Clean Rack Supports: Yes
Porcelain Broil Pan: Yes
Cavity Lighting: 1
Concealed Bake Element: Yes
Recessed 10 Pass Broil Element: Yes
Overall Oven Capacity: 4.7 cu. ft.
Technical: Convection Element Wattage: None
Broil Element Wattage: 3,600
Bake Element Wattage: 2,000
Dual-Rated 120/208-240 Volts, 4 Wire, 60 Hz: Yes
Amps: 30