text:
James Callaghan
The Right Honourable The Lord Callaghan of Cardiff KG PC |
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | |
In office 5 April 1976 – 4 May 1979 |
Monarch | Elizabeth II |
Preceded by | Harold Wilson |
Succeeded by | Margaret Thatcher |
Father of the House | |
In office 9 June 1983 – 11 June 1987 |
Preceded by | John Parker |
Succeeded by | Bernard Braine |
Leader of the Labour Party | |
In office 5 April 1976 – 10 November 1980 |
Deputy | Michael Foot |
Preceded by | Harold Wilson |
Succeeded by | Michael Foot |
Leader of the Opposition | |
In office 4 May 1979 – 10 November 1980 |
Monarch | Elizabeth II |
Prime Minister | Margaret Thatcher |
Preceded by | Margaret Thatcher |
Succeeded by | Michael Foot |
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs | |
In office 5 March 1974 – 5 April 1976 |
Prime Minister | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Alec Douglas-Home |
Succeeded by | Anthony Crosland |
Shadow Foreign Secretary | |
In office 19 April 1972 – 28 February 1974 |
Leader | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Denis Healey |
Succeeded by | Geoffrey Rippon |
Shadow Secretary of State for Employment | |
In office 19 October 1971 – 19 April 1972 |
Leader | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Shirley Williams |
Succeeded by | Denis Healey |
Shadow Home Secretary | |
In office 19 June 1970 – 19 October 1971 |
Leader | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Quintin Hogg |
Succeeded by | Shirley Williams |
Home Secretary | |
In office 30 November 1967 – 19 June 1970 |
Prime Minister | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Roy Jenkins |
Succeeded by | Reginald Maudling |
Chancellor of the Exchequer | |
In office 16 October 1964 – 30 November 1967 |
Prime Minister | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Reginald Maudling |
Succeeded by | Roy Jenkins |
Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer | |
In office 2 November 1961 – 16 October 1964 |
Leader | Harold Wilson |
Preceded by | Harold Wilson |
Succeeded by | Reginald Maudling |
Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty | |
In office 2 March 1950 – 25 October 1951 |
Prime Minister | Clement Attlee |
Preceded by | John Dugdale |
Succeeded by | Allan Noble |
Member of Parliament for Cardiff South and Penarth |
In office 7 October 1947 – 2 March 1950 |
Prime Minister | Clement Attlee |
Preceded by | George Strauss |
Succeeded by | George Lucas |
In office 9 June 1983 – 11 June 1987 |
Preceded by | Constituency Created |
Succeeded by | Alun Michael |
Member of Parliament for Cardiff South East |
In office 28 February 1950 – 9 June 1983 |
Preceded by | Constituency Created |
Succeeded by | Constituency Abolished |
Personal details | |
Born | Leonard James Callaghan 27 March 1912 Portsmouth, United Kingdom |
Died | 26 March 2005 Ringmer, United Kingdom |
(aged 92)
Political party | Labour |
Spouse(s) | Audrey Callaghan |
Children | Margaret Julie Michael |
Profession | Trade union official |
Religion | None[1] prev. Baptist |
Signature | |
Military service | |
Service/branch | Royal Navy |
Rank | Lieutenant |
Battles/wars | World War II |
Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005) was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1976 to 1980. Callaghan is to date the only politician in history to have served in all four of the "Great Offices of State", having been Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1964 to 1967, Home Secretary from 1967 to 1970, and Foreign Secretary from 1974 until his appointment as Prime Minister in 1976.
Callaghan's period as Chancellor of the Exchequer coincided with a turbulent period for the British economy, during which he had to wrestle with a balance of payments deficit and speculative attacks on the pound sterling. In November 1967, the Government was forced to devalue the pound sterling despite having previously denied that this would be necessary. Callaghan offered to resign over the matter, but instead swapped ministerial positions with Roy Jenkins to become Home Secretary. In that capacity, Callaghan took the decision to use the Army to support the police in Northern Ireland, after a request from the Northern Ireland Government.
After Labour lost the 1970 election, Callaghan played a key role in the Shadow Cabinet before returning to office as Foreign Secretary in 1974, taking responsibility for renegotiating the terms of Britain's membership of the European Economic Community, and supporting a "Yes" vote in the 1975 referendum for the UK to remain in the EEC. When Harold Wilson suddenly resigned as Prime Minister in 1976, Callaghan defeated five other candidates to be elected as his replacement. Labour had already lost its small majority in the House of Commons by the time he became Prime Minister, and further by-elections and defections forced Callaghan to deal with minor parties such as the Liberal Party, particularly in the "Lib-Lab pact" from 1977 to 1978. Industrial disputes and widespread strikes in the 1978 "Winter of Discontent" made Callaghan's government unpopular, and the defeat of the referendum on devolution for Scotland led to the successful passage of a motion of no confidence on 28 March 1979. This was followed by a defeat in the ensuing general election.
Callaghan remained Leader of the Labour Party until 1980, to reform the process by which the Party elected its leader, before returning to the backbenches where he remained until retiring as an MP in 1987. He died in 2005, one day before his 93rd birthday. He is the longest-lived British Prime Minister to date.
1912 to 1944: early life and career[edit]
James Callaghan was born at 38 Funtington Road, Copnor, Portsmouth, England on 27 March 1912. He was named after his father, also James Callaghan (1887–1921), who was of Irish descent,[citation needed] and was a Royal Navy Chief Petty Officer.[2] His mother was Charlotte Callaghan née Cundy (1879–1961). He had an older sister, Dorothy Gertrude Callaghan (1904–82). He attended Portsmouth Northern Secondary School (now Mayfield School). He gained the Senior Oxford Certificate in 1929, but could not afford entrance to university and instead sat the civil service Entrance Exam.
At the age of 17, Callaghan left to work as a clerk for the Inland Revenue. While working as a tax inspector, Callaghan was instrumental in establishing the Association of Officers of Taxes as a trade union for those in his profession and became a member of its national executive. While at the Inland Revenue offices in Kent, in 1931, he joined the Maidstone branch of the Labour Party. In 1934, he was transferred to Inland Revenue offices in London. Following a merger of unions in 1936, Callaghan was appointed a full-time union official and to the post of Assistant Secretary of the Inland Revenue Staff Federation and resigned from his Civil Service duties.
His union position at the Inland Revenue Federation brought Callaghan into contact with Harold Laski, the Chairman of the Labour Party's National Executive Committee and an academic at the London School of Economics. Laski encouraged him to stand for Parliament, although later on, he requested Callaghan several times to study and lecture at the LSE. Callaghan joined the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve as an Ordinary Seaman in World War II from 1942 where he served in the East Indies Fleet and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant in April 1944.[3] While training for his promotion, his medical examination revealed that he was suffering from tuberculosis and was admitted to the Royal Naval Hospital Haslar in Gosport near Portsmouth. After he recovered, he was discharged and assigned to duties with the Admiralty in Whitehall. He was assigned to the Japanese section and wrote a service manual for the Royal Navy The Enemy Japan.
Whilst on leave, Callaghan was selected as a Parliamentary candidate for Cardiff South. He narrowly won the local party ballot with twelve votes against the next highest candidate George Thomas with eleven. He was encouraged to put his name forward for the Cardiff South seat by his friend Dai Kneath, a member of the IRSF National executive from Swansea, who was in turn an associate and friend of the local Labour Party secretary Bill Headon.[4] During 1945 he was assigned to the East Indies Fleet and served on HMS Queen Elizabeth in the Indian Ocean. After VE Day, along with other prospective candidates he returned to the United Kingdom to stand in the general election.
1945 to 1976: parliament and cabinet[edit]
Labour won a landslide victory on 26 July 1945 bringing Clement Attlee to power. Callaghan won his Cardiff South seat in the 1945 UK general election (and would hold a Cardiff-area seat continuously until 1987). He defeated the sitting Conservative incumbent candidate, Sir Arthur Evans, by 17,489 votes to 11,545. He campaigned on such issues as the rapid demobilisation of the armed forces and for a new housing construction programme.[5] At the time of his election, his son Michael was born.
Callaghan was soon appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Transport in 1947 where, advised by the young chief constable of Hertfordshire, Sir Arthur Young, his term saw important improvements in road safety, notably the introduction of zebra crossings, and an extension in the use of cat's eyes. He moved to be Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty from 1950 where he was a delegate to the Council of Europe and resisted plans for a European army.
Callaghan was popular with Labour MPs and was elected to the Shadow Cabinet every year while the Labour Party was in opposition from 1951 to 1964. He was Parliamentary Adviser to the Police Federation from 1955 to 1960 when he negotiated an increase in police pay with the then general secretary Arthur Charles Evans. He ran for the Deputy Leadership of the party in 1960 as an opponent of unilateral nuclear disarmament, and despite the other candidate of the Labour right (George Brown) agreeing with him on this policy, he forced Brown to a second vote. In November 1961, Callaghan became shadow chancellor. When Hugh Gaitskell died in January 1963, Callaghan ran to succeed him but came third and the leadership contest was won by Harold Wilson. However, he did gain the support of right-wingers, such as Denis Healey and Anthony Crosland, who wanted to prevent Wilson from being elected leader but who also did not trust George Brown.
Chancellor of the Exchequer[edit]
In October 1964, Conservative Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home (who had only been in power for 12 months since the resignation of Harold Macmillan) called a general election. It was a tough election, but Labour won a narrow majority, gaining 56 seats (a total of 317 to the Conservatives' 304). The new Labour government under Harold Wilson immediately faced economic problems and Wilson acted within his first hours to appoint Callaghan as Chancellor of the Exchequer. The new government had to cope with a balance of payments deficit and speculative attacks on Sterling. It was the policy of the whole government, and one in which Callaghan concurred, that devaluation should be avoided for as long as possible and he managed to arrange loans from other central banks and some tax rises to stabilise the economy. Callaghan's time as chancellor was to be during a time of crisis; with high inflation, high unemployment and an unstable economy with a deficit in the budget, a deficit in the balance of import and exports and most importantly conflict over the value of the pound.
On 11 November, Callaghan gave his first budget and announced increases in income tax, petrol tax and the introduction of a new capital gains tax, actions which most economists deemed necessary to take the heat out of the balance and sterling deficit, though international bankers disagreed.[6]
On 23 November, it was decided to increase the bank rate from 2% to 7% which generated a large amount of criticism. Handling the crisis was made more difficult by the attitude of Lord Cromer, the Governor of the Bank of England, who argued against the fiscal policies of the new Labour government. When Callaghan and Wilson threatened to call a new general election, the governor soon raised a £3 billion loan to stabilise the reserves and the deficit.[7] His second budget came on 6 April 1965, in which he announced efforts to deflate the economy and reduce home import demand by £250 million. Shortly afterwards, the bank rate was reduced from 7% down to 6%. For a brief time, the economy and British financial market stabilised, allowing in June for Callaghan to visit the United States and to discuss the state of the British economy with President Lyndon Baines Johnson and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
In July, the pound came under extreme pressure and Callaghan was forced to create harsh temporary measures to demonstrate control of the economy. These include suspending all current government building projects and postponing new pension plans. The alternative was to allow the pound to float or to devalue it. Callaghan and Wilson however were again adamant that a devaluation of the pound would create new social and economic problems and continued to take a firm stance against it.[8] The government continued to struggle both with the economy and with the slender majority which, by 1966, had been reduced to one. On 28 February, Harold Wilson formally announced an election for 31 March 1966. On 1 March, Callaghan gave a 'little budget' to the Commons and announced the historic decision that the UK would adopt decimal currency. It was actually not until 1971, under a Conservative government, that the United Kingdom moved from the system of pounds, shillings and pence to a decimal system of 100 pence to the pound. He also announced a short-term mortgage scheme which allowed low-wage earners to maintain mortgage schemes in the face of economic difficulties. Soon afterwards, Labour won 363 seats compared to 252 seats against the Conservatives, giving the Labour government a large majority of 97.
Callaghan introduced his next Budget on 4 May. He had informed the house that he would bring a full Budget to the House when he made his 'little budget' speech prior to the election. The main point of his budget was the introduction of a Selective Employment Tax, penalising the service industry and favouring the manufacturing industry.[9][10] Twelve days after the budget, the National Union of Seamen called a national strike and the problems facing Sterling were multiplied.[11] Additional strikes caused the balance of payments deficit to increase and the 3.3 billion loan was now due. Unemployment was also rising; it had been just over 300,000 when Labour came to power, but two years later it was climbed to more than 500,000.
On 14 July, the bank rate was increased again to seven percent. On 20 July, Callaghan announced an emergency ten-point programme with a six-month freeze on wage and salary increases. By 1967, the economy had begun to stabilise once again and the bank rate was reduced to 6% in March and 5.5% in May.
It was under these conditions that Callaghan beat Michael Foot in a vote to become Treasurer of the Labour Party.
The economy was soon in turmoil again, with the Middle East crisis between Egypt and Israel raising oil prices. Furthermore, the economy was hit in mid-September when a national dock strike lasted for eight weeks. A run on Sterling began with the six-day war and with the closure of the Suez Canal and with the dock strike, the balance of payments deficit grew to a critical level. A Common Market report suggested that the pound could not be sustained as a reserve currency and it was suggested again that the pound should be devalued. Wilson and Callaghan refused a contingency fund offered from the IMF because of several conditions attached. On Wednesday 15 November, the historic decision was taken to commit the government to a 14.3% devaluation. The situation was a great political controversy at the time. As Denis Healey in his autobiography, notes:
" | Nowadays exchange rates can swing to and fro continually by amount greater than that, without attracting much attention outside the City columns of the newspapers. It may be difficult to understand how great a political humiliation this devaluation appeared at the time – above all to Wilson and his Chancellor, Jim Callaghan, who felt he must resign over it. Callaghan's personal distress was increased by a careless answer he gave to a backbencher's question two days before the formal devaluation. This cost Britain several hundred million pounds."[12] | " |
Before the devaluation, Jim Callaghan had announced publicly to the Press and the House of Commons that he would not devalue, something he later said was necessary to maintain confidence in the pound and avoid creating jitters in the financial markets. Callaghan immediately offered his resignation as Chancellor and increasing political opposition forced Wilson to accept it. Wilson then moved Roy Jenkins, the Home Secretary, to the Chancellor of the Exchequer and Callaghan became the new Home Secretary on 30 November 1967.
Home Secretary[edit]
Callaghan's tenure as Home Secretary was marked by the emerging conflict in Northern Ireland and it was as Home Secretary that he took the decision to deploy British Army troops in the province after a request from the Ulster Unionist Government of Northern Ireland.
Callaghan was also responsible for the Commonwealth Immigrants Act 1968; a controversial piece of legislation prompted by Conservative assertions that an influx of Kenyan Asians would soon inundate the country. It passed through the Commons in a week and placed entry controls on holders of British passports who had "no substantial connection" with Britain by setting up a new system. In his memoirs Time and Chance, Callaghan wrote that introducing the Commonwealth Immigrants Bill had been an unwelcome task but that he did not regret it. He claimed the Asians had "discovered a loophole" and he told a BBC interviewer: "Public opinion in this country was extremely agitated, and the consideration that was in my mind was how we could preserve a proper sense of order in this country and, at the same time, do justice to these people – I had to balance both considerations". An opponent of the Act, Conservative MP Ian Gilmour, asserted that it was "brought in to keep the blacks out. If it had been the case that it was 5,000 white settlers who were coming in, the newspapers and politicians, Callaghan included, who were making all the fuss would have been quite pleased".
Also significant was the passing of the Race Relations Act in the same year, making it illegal to refuse employment, housing or education on the basis of ethnic background. The Act extended the powers of the Race Relations Board at the time, to deal with complaints of discrimination and unfair attitudes. It also set up a new supervisory body, the Community Relations Commission, to promote "harmonious community relations".[13] Presenting the Bill to Parliament, the Home Secretary, Jim Callaghan, said, "The House has rarely faced an issue of greater social significance for our country and our children."
In 1969, Callaghan, a strong supporter of the Labour–Trade Union link, led the successful opposition in a divided cabinet to Barbara Castle's White Paper "In Place of Strife" which sought to modify Trade Union law. Amongst its numerous proposals were plans to force unions to call a ballot before a strike was held and the establishment of an Industrial Board to enforce settlements in industrial disputes. Ironically, if the proposals had become law, many of the activities of the trades unions during the Winter of Discontent a decade later would have been illegal.
Following Wilson's unexpected defeat by Edward Heath in the 1970 General Election, Callaghan declined to challenge him for the leadership despite Wilson's vulnerability. This did much to rehabilitate him in Wilson's eyes. He was in charge of drawing up a new policy statement in 1972 which contained the idea of the Social Contract between the government and trade unions. He also did much to ensure that Labour opposed the Heath government's bid to enter the Common Market—forcing Wilson's hand by making his personal opposition clear without consulting the Party Leader.
Foreign Secretary[edit]
When Wilson won the next general election and returned as Prime Minister in March 1974, he appointed Callaghan as Foreign Secretary which gave him responsibility for renegotiating the terms of the United Kingdom's membership of the Common Market. When the talks concluded, Callaghan led the Cabinet in declaring the new terms acceptable and he supported a 'Yes' vote in the 1975 referendum.
Election as Leader of the Labour Party[edit]
Barely two years after beginning his second spell as prime minister, Wilson announced his surprise resignation on 16 March 1976, and unofficially endorsed Callaghan as his successor. Callaghan was the favourite to win the leadership election, although he was the oldest candidate; he was also the most experienced and least divisive. Popularity with all parts of the Labour movement saw him through the ballot of Labour MPs to win the leadership vote. On 5 April 1976, at the age of 64 years and 9 days, Callaghan became Prime Minister – the oldest person to become Prime Minister at time of appointment since Winston Churchill.
Prime Minister[edit]
Callaghan was the only Prime Minister to have held all three leading Cabinet positions – Chancellor of the Exchequer, Home Secretary and Foreign Secretary – prior to becoming Prime Minister.
During his first year in office, Callaghan started what has since become known as 'The Great Debate', when he spoke at Ruskin College, Oxford about the 'legitimate concerns' of a public about education as it took place in the nation's maintained schools. This discussion led to greater involvement of the government, through its ministries, in the curriculum and administration of state education, leading to the eventual introduction of the National Curriculum some ten years later.[14]
Callaghan's time as Prime Minister was dominated by the troubles in running a Government with a minority in the House of Commons: he was forced to make deals with minor parties to survive – including the Lib-Lab pact, and he had been forced to accept referendums on devolution in Scotland and Wales (the former went in favour but did not reach the required majority, and the latter went heavily against). He also became prime minister at a time when Britain was suffering from double-digit percentage inflation and rising unemployment. He responded to the economic crises by adopting deflationary policies to reduce inflation, and cutting public expenditure – a precursor to the monetarist economic policies that the next government, a Conservative one led by Margaret Thatcher, would pursue to ease the crises.[15]
Callaghan and his ministers did, however, introduce a number of reforms during their time in office. The Supplementary Benefits Act 1976 gave every person over the age of 16, whose resources were not enough to meet his or her basic needs, the right to claim a supplementary pension if he or she had reached state-pension age, and a supplementary allowance if he or she was less than this age.[16][17] The Rent (Agricultural) Act 1976 provided security of tenure for agricultural workers in tied accommodation, while the Bail Act 1976 reformed bail conditions with courts having to explain refusal of bail. The Police Act 1976 set up a Police Complaints Board "to formalise the procedure for dealing with public complaints." The Education Act 1976 limited the taking up of independent and Direct grant school places and required all local authorities who had failed to do so "to submit proposals for comprehensive schools," while the Housing (Homeless Persons) Act 1977 extended local council responsibility "to provide accommodation for homeless people in their area,"[18] and instituted the right of homeless families to a permanent local council tenancy.[19] In addition, efforts were made under Peter Shore to redistribute resources towards deprived urban areas.[20] The Inner Urban Areas Act 1978 allowed local authorities to assist declining industrial areas and central government provided new subsidies to those inner city areas with the most problems,[21] while the 1978 Finance Act introduced profit-sharing schemes.[22]
The Training Opportunities Scheme, under which more than 90 000 people completed their training in 1976 and which catered mainly for people over 19 years old, was extended during 1977 to include provisions for training persons for self-employment. In addition, technician training was extended and the network of skillcentres continued to expand. In August 1977, a scheme for voluntary early retirement was introduced in the coal industry for men aged 62 or more with 20 or more year's underground service, with weekly payments up to normal pensionable age. In January 1977, unions became authorized to lodge a claim on behalf of workers with the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service for an improvement in terms and conditions of employment on the grounds that existing terms and conditions were less favourable than the relevant recognized terms and conditions for the trade in the area or, where these did not exist, the general level. In February, sections of the Employment Act 1975 were brought into operation dealing with the qualifying hours for part-time work, thereby entitling large numbers of part-time workers to the same rights and job security as full-time workers. Also in February, employees became entitled to receive guarantee payments from their employers when laid off or on short time, while in April sections of the 1975 Employment Act were activated giving employees the right to paid time off work in order to perform certain public duties. The main provisions of the Race Relations Act 1976 came into force in June 1977, making it unlawful for an employer to discriminate in recruitment or dismissal or in the treatment of existing employees in matters of promotion, transfer, training or other benefits on the grounds of nationality, race, colour, colour, or ethic or national origins. A Commission for Racial Equality was established to work towards the elimination of discrimination the promotion of equality of opportunity, and good relations between persons of different racial groups.[23]
In Scotland, the Community Service by Offenders Act 1978 introduced provisions whereby offenders might, under certain circumstances, be ordered by courts to undertake community work as an alternative to a prison sentence. This legislation brought Scotland in line with England and Wales where similar provisions already apply. The Mines (Precautions Against Inrushes) Regulations 1979 applied to all types of mines and made provision for measures to be taken against the hazard of inrushes of water or gas or material which flows when wet.[24]
In housing policy, a shift of emphasis in housing policy towards rehabilitation was evident in the further increase in the number of General Improvement Areas and the number of Housing Action Areas declared. An Act of March 1977 makes provision, for a limited period, for benefits to be paid from the age of 64 to workers who agree to retire in order to free jobs for young unemployed people. A number of other improvements were introduced in 1977, with Attendance Allowances extended to cover handicapped foster children and non-contributory disablement pensions extended to married women whose invalidity prevented them from carrying out their household tasks. In January 1977, regulations were issued which brought about a change in the administration of legislation governing fire precautions at places of work. Under these regulations the Health and Safety Executive retained full responsibility for fire safety in certain 'special' premises such as nuclear installations, coalmines and chemical plants, whereas responsibility for general fire precautions at places of work was transferred to local fire authorities.[25] In July 1977, an experimental Job Introduction Scheme was introduced to provide financial assistance enabling certain disabled people to undertake a trial period of employment with an employer, where there was reasonable doubt as to the person's ability to perform a particular job. In July 1978, a revised and simplified scheme designed to assist severely disabled people with their travel-to-work costs was introduced.[26]
The Homes Insulation Act 1978 provided for grants to occupiers towards the cost of thermal insulation of their dwellings, while under the Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations recognized trade unions were allowed to appoint safety representatives who would have certain rights and functions. As part of an extension in external consultation on the prevention of industrial accidents and occupationally induced diseases the Health and Safety Commission established three Industry Advisory Committees for construction, railways and oil and regulations were issued in March 1978 dealing with the packaging and labelling of some 800 dangerous chemicals commonly used at work and in the home. Improvements to the Mineworkers Sick Pay Scheme were also introduced from 1978, with improvement in the formula for calculating benefit improved and the period of 'waiting days' reduced from seven to three.[27] The Home Purchase Assistance and Housing Corporation Guarantee Act 1978, gave help to first-time home buyers.[28]
Despite the economic difficulties faced by the government, over the summer of 1978 (shortly after the end of the Lib-Lab pact)[29] most opinion polls showed Labour ahead, and the expectation grew that Callaghan would call an autumn election that would have given him a second term in office until autumn 1983. The economy had also started to show signs of recovery by this time. 1978 was a year of economic recovery for Britain, with inflation falling to single digits, unemployment declining during the year, and general living standards going up by more than 8%.[30] Famously, he strung along the opposition and was expected to make his declaration of election in a broadcast on 7 September 1978.[31] His decision to put off the election, at the time, seen by many as a sign of his domination of the political scene and he ridiculed his opponents by singing old-time music hall star Vesta Victoria's song "Waiting at the Church" at that month's Trades Union Congress meeting: now seen[by whom?] as one of the greatest moments of hubris in modern British politics, but celebrated at the time. Callaghan intended to convey the message that he had not promised an election, but most observers misread his message as an assertion that he would call an election, and the Conservatives would not be ready for it.
"Winter of Discontent"[edit]
Callaghan's method of dealing with the long-term economic difficulties involved pay restraint which had been operating for four years with reasonable success. He gambled that a fifth year would further improve the economy and allow him to be re-elected in 1979, and so attempted to hold pay rises to 5% or less. The trade unions rejected continued pay restraint and in a succession of strikes over the winter of 1978–79 (known as the Winter of Discontent) secured higher pay. The industrial unrest made his government extremely unpopular, and Callaghan's response to one interview question only made it worse. Returning to the United Kingdom from an economic summit held in Guadeloupe in early 1979, Callaghan was asked, "What is your general approach, in view of the mounting chaos in the country at the moment?" Callaghan replied, "Well, that's a judgement that you are making. I promise you that if you look at it from outside, and perhaps you're taking rather a parochial view at the moment, I don't think that other people in the world would share the view that there is mounting chaos." This reply was reported in The Sun under the headline "Crisis? What Crisis?". Callaghan also later admitted in regard to the Winter of Discontent that he had "let the country down".[32]
The Winter of Discontent saw Labour's performance in the opinion polls slump dramatically. They had topped most of the pre-winter opinion polls by several points, but in February 1979 at least one opinion poll was showing the Tories 20 points ahead of Labour and it appeared certain that Labour would lose the forthcoming election.[33]
In the build up to the election, the Daily Mirror and The Guardian supported Labour, while The Sun, the Daily Mail, the Daily Express, and The Daily Telegraph supported the Conservatives.[34]
On 28 March 1979, the House of Commons passed a Motion of No Confidence by one vote, 311–310, which forced Callaghan to call a general election that was held on 3 May.[35] The Conservatives under Margaret Thatcher ran a campaign on the slogan "Labour Isn't Working" and won the election.
Callaghan's failure to call an election during 1978 was widely seen as a political miscalculation; indeed, he himself later admitted that not calling an election was an error of judgement. After losing power in 1979, Labour would spend the next 18 years in opposition.[36]
Resignation, backbenches and retirement[edit]
Notwithstanding electoral defeat, Callaghan stayed on as Labour leader until 15 October 1980, shortly after the party conference had voted for a new system of election by electoral college involving the individual members and trade unions. His resignation ensured that his successor would be elected by MPs only. After a campaign that laid bare the deep internal divisions of the Parliamentary Labour Party, Michael Foot narrowly beat Denis Healey on 10 November in second round of the election to succeed Callaghan as leader.
In 1982, along with his friend Gerald Ford, he co-founded the annual AEI World Forum.
In 1983, he attacked Labour's plans to reduce defence,[37][38] and the same year became Father of the House as the longest continuously serving member of the Commons. He was by this time one of only three survivors of the 1945 general election, but the only one with continuous service. Michael Foot and Ian Mikardo also remained of the 1945 intake, but Michael Foot had been out of the House from 1955 to 1960 and Mikardo from 1959 to 1964.
In 1987, he was made a Knight of the Garter and stood down at the 1987 general election after 42 years as a member of the Commons. Shortly afterwards, he was elevated to the House of Lords as Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, of the City of Cardiff in the Royal County of South Glamorganshire. In 1987, his autobiography, Time and Chance, was published. He also served as a non-executive director of the Bank of Wales.
Callaghan's wife Audrey, a former chairman (1969–1982) of Great Ormond Street Hospital, spotted a letter to a newspaper which pointed out that the copyright of Peter Pan, which had been assigned by J. M. Barrie to the hospital, was going to expire at the end of that year, 1987 (50 years after Barrie's death, the current copyright term). In 1988, Callaghan moved an amendment to the Copyright Designs & Patents Act, then under consideration in the House of Lords, to grant the hospital a right to royalty in perpetuity despite the lapse of copyright, and this was passed by the government.
In July 1996, he was awarded an honorary degree from the Open University as Doctor of the University.[citation needed]
In October 1999, Callaghan told The Oldie Magazine that he would not be surprised to be considered as Britain's worst prime minister in 200 years. He also admitted in this interview that he "must carry the can" for the Winter of Discontent.[39]
Personal life[edit]
Callaghan's interests included rugby, tennis and agriculture. He married Audrey Elizabeth Moulton, whom he had met when they both worked as Sunday School teachers at the local Baptist church,[40] in July 1938 and had three children – one son and two daughters.
- Margaret, Baroness Jay of Paddington
- Julia, who married Ian Hamilton Hubbard and settled in Lancashire
- Michael, who married Julia Morris and settled in Essex.
Although there is much doubt about how much belief Callaghan retained into adult life, the Baptist nonconformist ethic was a profound influence throughout all of his public and private life. In the mid-1980s Callaghan told an interviewer that he was an atheist.
One of his final public appearances came on 29 April 2002, when at the age of 90 he sat alongside the then prime minister Tony Blair and the three other surviving former prime ministers at the time at Buckingham Palace for a dinner which formed part of the celebrations for the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II, alongside his daughter Margaret, Baroness Jay, who had served as Leader of the House of Lords from 1998 to 2001.[41]
Callaghan died on 26 March 2005 at Ringmer, East Sussex, of lobar pneumonia, cardiac failure and kidney failure. He passed away 11 days after his wife's death on 15 March 2005 and the day before what would have been his 93rd birthday. He died as the longest-lived British former prime minister, having beaten Harold Macmillan's record 39 days earlier. Lord Callaghan was cremated and his ashes were scattered in a flower bed around the base of the Peter Pan statue near the entrance of London's Great Ormond Street Hospital, where his wife had formerly been chair of the board of governors.
In popular culture[edit]
The song "Time for Truth" from The Jam's debut album, In the City, a scathing critique of the state of the British nation, directly addresses Callaghan: "I think it's time for truth, and the truth is you lost, Uncle Jimmy."
The Callaghan Library at Ruskin College, Oxford is named after Callaghan. The library was opened in 2011: the ceremony was attended by James Callaghan's son Michael and grandson Joe, the latter being a student at the college.[42]
Titles from birth to death[edit]
- James Callaghan, Esq (27 March 1912 – 1943)
- Lieutenant James Callaghan, RNVR (1943 – 26 July 1945)
- Lieutenant James Callaghan, MP (26 July 1945 – 21 October 1964)
- Lieutenant The Right Honourable James Callaghan, MP (21 October 1964 – ?)
- The Right Honourable James Callaghan, MP (? – 23 April 1987)
- The Right Honourable Sir James Callaghan, KG, MP (23 April 1987 – 11 June 1987)
- The Right Honourable Sir James Callaghan, KG (11 June 1987 – 5 November 1987)
- The Right Honourable The Lord Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (5 November 1987 – 26 March 2005)
See also[edit]
Wikisource has original works written by or about: |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: James Callaghan |
- ^ "One of the more enduring marks on British life left by the atheist, Prime Minister Callaghan, was to remove exclusive responsibility for the appointment of bishops from his own office and share it largely with a commission of churchmen. Since 1976, the Prime Minister has been limited to choosing one from two nominees of the commission or, in exceptional cases, sending the list back for the commission to produce a new one."
Hugo Young, 'A relic of history best left undisturbed', The Guardian (London), 27 March 1990. - ^ Page 1, Callaghan: British Prime-Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ J.N. Houterman. "Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) Officers 1939–1945". Unithistories.com. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ^ Page 11, Callaghan: British Prime-Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ Page 13, Callaghan: British Prime-Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ Page 35, Callaghan: British Prime-Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ Page 36, Callaghan: British Prime-Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ Page 38, Callaghan: British Prime Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ The Cabinet Papers: Reform and VAT, from the National Archives
- ^ Britain:Selective Torment, Time Magazine, Friday, 16 September 1966
- ^ Page 40, Callaghan: British Prime-Ministers of the 20th century, Harry Conroy, Haus Publishing 2006
- ^ "James Callaghan". Spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk. 19 July 1966. Retrieved 2010-04-30.
- ^ "BBC ON THIS DAY | 26 | 1968: Race discrimination law tightened". BBC News. 26 November 1983. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ^ Eason, Gary (27 March 2005). "Callaghan's Great Education Debate". BBC News. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ^ "History – James Callaghan". BBC. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fPcEfxQvpD4C&pg=PA16&dq=Pensioners'+Payments+and+Social+Security+Act,+1979&hl=en&sa=X&ei=6rXZUZGgEYSsOoHRgIgB&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Pensioners'%20Payments%20and%20Social%20Security%20Act%2C%201979&f=false
- ^ http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1976/71/introduction
- ^ The Longman Companion to The Labour Party 1900–1998 by Harry Harmer
- ^ British Social Welfare in the Twentieth Century, edited by Robert M. Page and Richard Silburn
- ^ Prime Minister: The Conduct of Policy under Harold Wilson & James Callaghan by Bernard Donoughue
- ^ New Labour, Old Labour: The Wilson and Callaghan Governments, 1974–79 edited by Anthony Seldon and Kevin Hickson
- ^ http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Y4PjVdUHNQYC&pg=PA112&dq=1978+finance+Act+introduced+profit+sharing+schemes&hl=en&sa=X&ei=orXZUdmRDIHqONf5gYgM&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=1978%20finance%20Act%20introduced%20profit%20sharing%20schemes&f=false
- ^ http://aei.pitt.edu/10246/1/10246.pdf
- ^ http://aei.pitt.edu/9816/1/9816.pdf
- ^ http://aei.pitt.edu/10246/1/10246.pdf
- ^ Final Term: The Labour Government 1974-1976 by Harold Wilson
- ^ http://aei.pitt.edu/10248/1/10248.pdf
- ^ http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F16VaIYewIEC&pg=PA376&dq=United+kingdom+rent+control+of+increases+act+1969&hl=en&sa=X&ei=84HxUduTO-KM0AXT6ID4Dw&ved=0CGgQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=United%20kingdom%20rent%20control%20of%20increases%20act%201969&f=false
- ^ http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/james-callaghan-2/
- ^ A Short History of the Labour Party by Henry Pelling
- ^ "BBC ON THIS DAY | 7 | 1978: Callaghan accused of running scared". BBC News. 7 September 1978. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ pg.377 of The Prime Minister by Peter Hennessy
- ^ "Comment & Analysis | New Labour And Delivery". Ipsos MORI. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ Stoddard, Katy (4 May 2010). "Newspaper support in UK general elections". The Guardian (London).
- ^ "1979: Early election as Callaghan defeated". London: BBC News. 28 March 1979. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ Wilenius, Paul (5 March 2004). "Enemies within: Thatcher and the unions". BBC News.
- ^ Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: Leonard James Callaghan Baron Callaghan of Cardiff
- ^ "Britain: The road to New Labour". socialistworld.net. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
- ^ "Callaghan expects 'worst PM' tag". BBC News. 8 October 1999.
- ^ Julia Langdon (17 March 2005). "Audrey Callaghan". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 30 April 2010.
- ^ "Queen dines with her prime ministers". BBC News. 29 April 2002.
- ^ BBC News http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-oxfordshire-13989891
- Callaghan, James. Time and Chance. Collins, 1987.
- Callaghan, James. Challenges and Opportunities for British Foreign Policy. Fabian Society, 1975.
- Conroy, Harry. James Callaghan. Haus, 2006.
- Derbyshire, Dennis. Politics in Britain: From Callaghan to Thatcher (Political Spotlights). Chambers, 1990.
- Donoughue, Bernard. Prime Minister: Conduct of Policy Under Harold Wilson and James Callaghan, 1974–79. Jonathan Cape, 1987.
- Donoughue, Bernard. The Heat of the Kitchen. Politico's Publishing, 2003.
- Healey, Denis. The Time of My Life. Michael Joseph, 1989.
- Jefferys, Kevin (ed). Leading Labour. I. B. Tauris, 1999.
- Morgan, Kenneth O. Callaghan: A Life. Oxford University Press, 1997.
- Rosen, Greg. Dictionary of Labour Biography. Politico's Publishing, 2001.
- Rosen, Greg. Old Labour to New. Politico's Publishing, 2005.
External links[edit]
- More about James Callaghan on the Downing Street website.
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by James Callaghan
- An interview with Chancellor Callaghan after an IMF interview at Rio, Brazil
- Official portrait of James Callaghan by David Griffiths
- 'Prime Ministers in the Post-War World: James Callaghan', lecture by Professor the Lord Morgan at Gresham College on 5 June 2007 (with video and audio files available for download)
- Portraits of James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Archival material relating to James Callaghan listed at the UK National Archives
- James Callaghan
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2007 Freightliner COLUMBIA 120 Pomona, CA
2009 Volvo 670 Newnan, GA
2012 International 7300 Etna, OH
2009 Ford F350 XLT SD New Hampton, IA
2008 Hino 268A Cincinnati, OH
2009 International 9200i Des Moines , IA
2006 Freightliner COLUMBIA 120 Farmingdale, NY
2008 Freightliner FLD11264T Healdsburg, CA
2007 Volvo VNM64T670 Ocala, FL
2009 Volvo VNL630 Kansas City, MO
BUY IT NOW! Fiberglass Hood Assembly for Pete 379 Extended Hood - Not Genuine Peterbilt Parts. For OEM Peterbilt Parts, Please Call your Local Dealer. - Tis is an Aftermarket Fiberglass Hood Designed to Replace the OEM Aluminum Hood. - Great Looks and Durability! - Fiberglass Construction with Polished Stainless Steel Grille Surround and Insert Instead

subset: commoncrawl


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With new Amplified clothing making up our collection, you won't have to look very far to find your favourite Amplified designs. We here at Blue Banana consider our music clothing collection our proudest achievement because of the diversity that each band brings to their designs. All of the designs in Amplified clothing offer a vintage take on both modern day artists and the stars of the past. For instance, the Amplified Best of Blondie t shirt successfully captures Debbie Harry's style but in a way that matches the fashion scene of today. When it comes to designing their clothing, they always want to portray each individual artist's style, so that they can pay respect to these legends in their own way. Since the company was founded in 2005, they have gone on to become one of the most popular music brands on the festival scene. Today, many celebrities have been seen wearing Amplified clothing, including Luke Pritchard of The Kooks, everyone's favourite hobbit Elijah Wood and your friendly neighbourhood Spiderman, Andrew Garfield.
You'll Find Your Favourite Band in the Amplified Clothing Range!
One of the more popular designs in our Amplified clothing range is the Amplified Rolling Stones t shirt, the iconic tongue symbol has become a fashion essential in recent years. Their collection doesn't only feature bands, their original designs have also achieved some success of their own and we can't say we're surprised. The Amplified Victory t shirt in particular offers a unique design inspired by war that successfully captures the importance of teamwork. The vintage style of their designs manages to match the current styling of today's fashion industry perfectly, which is why you see so many people wearing their clothing. Each design is complete with a timeless feel that ensures they'll never go out of fashion, so if you are sceptical about picking up an item because of how often the fashion scene changes, you needn't be. Make sure you browse through all of the products in our collection, because it can be quite easy to get excited and overlook the Amplified clothing design that'll suit you most.
Achieving a Musical Look has Never Been Easier with Amplified Clothing!
Focusing on many artists that'll go down in history, Amplified clothing like to bring a completely vintage style to artists of all genres. Having created designs for a number of bands in our band merchandise collection, we hope you like them just as much as we do. Not only do they focus on artists of the past, they help to recognise present talents; for instance the Amplified Lady Gaga t shirt focuses on one of today's biggest artists. It is amazing how this brand manages to make a vintage and retro style one of the key themes in today's industry, not many brands have that ability. Some of the bands of the past that they focus on include; Iron Maiden, The Ramones, Queen, Blondie, The Rolling Stones, The Beatles, The Who and Motorhead. So if you are looking to showcase your love of the music industry of the past without losing touch with today's fashion industry, then Amplified clothing is definitely the way to go.
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Tags: Amplified, amplified clothing, Band T Shirts, Stone Roses, The Rolling Stones, Vintage Clothing


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An adult 21 years or over must be present to sign for delivery of alcoholic beverages. Order tracking numbers will be emailed to you upon shipment, so you'll know when to expect delivery. We offer the following options for your convenience:
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100% shiraz grapes from pre-phylloxera material brought from Europe by the early German settlers in the mid 1800s and grown in the Eden Valley wine region.
Very deep crimson in colour. Sweet blackberries, cherries and plums with anise, spicy peppery characters and vanillin aromas. The palate is concentrated and rich with complex flavours, great length and finishes with velvety, silky soft tannins.
Hill of Grace is a unique delineated single historic vineyard. The famous century-old Hill of Grace vines were planted around the 1860s by an ancestor, Nicolaus Stanitzki, in rich alluvial soil in a shallow fertile valley just north-west of the winery. The vineyard lies opposite a beautiful old Lutheran Church, built of local field stone, which was euphoniously named Gnadenberg, meaning 'Hill of Grace'.
The Henschke family have been making wine since Johann Christian Henschke planted a small vineyard at Keyneton in Eden Valley in 1862. Cyril Henschke pioneered varietal and single-vineyard wines, including the world-famous Shiraz wines, Hill of Grace and Mount Edelstone in the 1950s. Fifth-generation Stephen Henschke and his wife Prue are one of the most lauded winemaking teams...Read More About Henschke
With a landmass the size of the US, Australia has just as many appellations. Many wines are simply labeled from their state of origin. Some of these are the most popular: New South Wales - home to Sydney and other tourist destinations, New South Wales has a smaller focused wine growing region, but many wines are a blend of these smaller appellations and so are deemed New...Read More About Other Australia
(seh-RAH/shee-RAHZ) It's a Smokin' Grape Syrah and Shiraz - same grape, different name. It's a popular and adept variety, growing in multiple regions and creating many different styles of wine. The home base of Syrah is the Northern Rhone, where it creates the exclusive wines of Hermitage and Cote Rotie. On the less pricy side, the Rhone makes Syrah-based wines in Crozes...Read More About Syrah/Shiraz
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Imagine walking down the aisle with this at your feet. It would be epic.
It's time we re-think tradition.
Austin Wedding
Austin Wedding Dance Instructors
Lake Travis
September 22, 2013
Open House | Camp Lucy
September 30, 2013
The Now What Workshop | The Simplifiers
October 15, 2013
Event Open House | UMLAUF
October 25, 2013
Trunk Show | Unbridaled
December 8, 2013
Open House | Memory Lane Event Center
Actually, from an artistic standpoint I think these are really cool and groovy. I could easily see the bride walking down the aisle on these dressed like a flower child from Woodstock as music from The Lovin' Spoonful played for her entrance...
Ha ha . Just kidding. I really like these but i couldn't help but be thrown back into the 1960's for awhile.
God Bless!
Mark "ELMO" Ellis


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I booked this cruise because the itinerary sounded fabulous and unique. I read all the ship and port reviews I could find before booking; I thought I was an informed traveler and had done my due diligence. I did extensive research to plan all my port stops and excursions ahead of time.
No one told me that the average HAL cruiser is age 85. Which made me 45 years younger than virtually everyone else on board. It felt like a floating senior citizen's center. I knew it was bad when, on day 3, a 70+ year old man sat down beside me and complained that there were "too many old people" on board. And it wasn't just a fluke -- this was clearly HAL's target demographic. From the Sinatra/Bennett/Mathis muzak to the "remember Broadway in the 1940's" show and the Neil Diamond tribute artist, to the drinks menu at the bars (who orders a Tom Collins anymore?!), the whole cruise screamed "retirement village."
And yet, even after discovering what I was in for, I swore I would be a good sport about it. Which lasted for a little while.
MONTREAL -- I booked my flights and hotel independently (as always), and had no troubles arriving in Montreal the day before departure. I stayed at the Doubletree on Sherbrooke, which was lovely and had a basket of chocolate bon bons waiting for me as a Hilton rewards member. I spent Saturday morning walking through old town Montreal, which was charming and incredibly friendly. The only disappointment was that Notre Dame and the area immediately surrounding it were under major construction.
A quick taxi ride got me to the pier by noon for boarding.
Embarkation was a bit slow, but I blamed it on me being there too early (I should have waited until 2:00 or so to avoid the initial rush), it being the first cruise of the season (the locals didn't quite have the routine figured out), and the large number of travelers who hadn't done the pre-boarding paperwork online. Once onboard, staterooms were not ready (I knew this would be the case), but the staff had set up extra tables and chairs in the pool area to accommodate waiting guests. Rooms were ready promptly at 1:00, and my bag reached by cabin by 3:30.
Sailing out of Montreal and up the St. Lawrence was quite pretty.
SAGUENAY FJORD -- Given the itinerary, we entered the Saguenay river (I refuse to call it a "fjord") at 5:40am, for which I dutifully hauled myself out of bed. At 9:30am, we saw our first and only whale, and then promptly returned to the St. Lawrence. It was a good day for naps. Cruising up "la fleuve St. Laurent" was quite pretty, and the snow on the Gaspe Peninsula was quite a sight. But it caused me to notice just how absolutely FILTHY the ship's windows were, inside and out, in every public area. At one point passengers were grabbing pool towels to wipe off the windows themselves. Shameful.
CHARLOTTETOWN, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND -- We were unable to make our call in Charlottetown, because the waters were too rough to allow the tenders to make it safely to shore. Even the pilot's boat had a good deal of trouble maneuvering through the waves. Disappointing, to say the least, because after two long days onboard, I was ready to get off the Maasdam for awhile. To HAL's credit, they not only refunded the shore excursion charges, but also the $8 port charges for PEI.
The cruise director made an announcement to let us know they had added extra "activities" for our unexpected additional day at sea. The revised schedule was posted near the elevators on all decks. This was another problem I had with HAL -- rather than use a dedicated TV channel to provide updates and info on things like the schedule, menus, itinerary, ship's position, weather, etc (see: Royal Caribbean), they made you wait for printed materials to be produced and manually circulated. This is horribly inefficient, but is in line with their desire to cater to an older, "wait for the morning paper" crowd. When I checked out the revised activities list, I was horrified to see that the only events they added were a Catholic mass, a nondenominational church service, and a Dan Brown book discussion group. Seriously? My choices are to go to church or to go talk about some author whose 15 minutes of cultural relevance expired 3 years ago? You must be kidding. Another nap day.
SYDNEY, NOVA SCOTIA -- Finally, at long last -- LAND HO!! The handful of passengers under age 70 practically ran to get off the ship once the gangway opened at 8:00am. I booked a bus tour of the Cabot Trail, which was a beautiful expanse of land on the Cape Breton peninsula. It was a VERY long day (8 solid hours), but we'd been amply warned about this ahead of time, and those warnings seemed to scare off folks who weren't up for such a long day. We had a good group of passengers, and a fantastic tour guide and driver. And abundant sunshine. I definitely want to see the Cabot Trail again later in the season when the trees are in full foliage.
Given the extra long excursion itinerary, we didn't get back to the ship until 30 minutes after the scheduled departure time. The ship of course waited for us, but then once on board, it just continued waiting... and waiting... It turns out they had a power failure in one of Maasdam's portside engines, so we were going nowhere fast. Finally at 7:30pm (3 hours past departure time), we limped out of Sydney on one engine, and puttered toward Halifax.
Still running on only one engine, we puttered slowly out of Halifax. The captain provided no clues as to whether he anticipated a late arrival in Bar Harbor. I had no confidence we would arrive on time, so I cancelled my 8:30am tour to Acadia National Park. This turned out to be a good thing.
BAR HARBOR -- We arrived in Bar Harbor at 10:30am, a few hours late. The folks at US Homeland Security didn't find their way to the ship until noon, so for 90 minutes we sat there and looked at Bar Harbor from the ship. By the time I cleared immigration and made my tender, it was 1:30 when I set foot on land. Which gave me a little over 3 hours to get all my port shopping out of my system, have an authentic New England fish & chips dinner, and enjoy what was a beautiful but unusually hot day in a lovely seaside village. On the tender back to the ship, I met up with some folks who had taken my Acadia tour, only to discover that their bus had broken down at the top of Cadillac Mountain, adding to the continuing saga of this cruise from hell.
BOSTON -- HAL had incentive to get us to Boston on time, of course, and no surprise, they did. Disembarkation was a breeze, and it never felt so good to be heading home from vacation.
Assorted other observations: The interior cabins were bigger than any I'd stayed in before. The beds were extraordinarily comfortable by cruise ship standards. My cabin steward never once made himself visible -- I still don't know his name or who snuck into my cabin each morning and evening. If I'm tipping him, it would be nice to know who he was.
I should note I am not a foodie, and don't go cruising for the food; I go for the itineraries. I rarely eat in the dining room (can't be bothered). I prefer the come-as-you-are, do-what-you-want Lido buffets. HAL's Lido buffet was not nearly as plentiful or customizable as other cruise lines. The upside was that you got to eat everything they served in the dining room, so no missing out on the filet mignon or lobster when you skipped formal night. And because they cooked your meal immediately upon ordering it, you were less likely to get cold meals in the Lido than in the dining room. But the salad bar was miniscule, the entree and side choices were limited, and they offered the same 4 deserts every night all week long. I didn't go hungry, but there was much room for improvement.
All in all, it was a disaster. Even when I really tried to look on the bright side, something managed to go wrong, in ways that just couldn't escape attention. Never again with HAL. Never.


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South Korean director Park Chan-wook is one of our generation's auteur directors. Whether a violent revenge thriller such as "Oldboy," or a vampire horror like "Thirst," or even the romantic comedy "I'm a Cyborg, But That's OK," Park's films bear his imprint of eccentric intrigue, stylized composition and, in the case of his Vengeance Trilogy of films, brutal violence.
In his newest, "Stoker," Park ventures into English-language film for the first time.
Scene Asia is The Wall Street Journal's guide to food, wine, fashion, design, sports, entertainment, and the arts in Asia. It delivers a behind-the-scenes look at the region's dynamic culture, including Q&As with filmmakers, artists and chefs, news on arts and entertainment, and a spotlight on the most striking homes from Goa to the Gold Coast. Write to us at firstname.lastname@example.com
You can also get the latest updates from Scene on your iPhone with WSJ's Scene Asia app.


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John Silver, director of career services for ITT Technical Institute in Sylmar, will be the keynote speaker at the next Valley Industrial Association luncheon on Aug. 19, beginning at 11:30 a.m.
HR Express & Logistics has extended its delivery services to the Santa Clarita Valley after spending 14 years serving Los Angeles and the San Fernando Valley.
Santa Clarita's Valley Publications Unlimited, local publishers of Santa Clarita Free Classifieds and Canyon Country Magazine, is now publishing Santa Clarita Valley Living Magazine.
Sales of single-family homes and condos in the Santa Clarita Valley posted the fifth consecutive month of increased activity in June and the Southland Regional Association of Realtors believes the local residential real estate market is improving and will continue to remain on the rebound in the coming months.
Dr. Van Veloso, medical director and co-owner of Infinity MedSpa in Valencia, will host an informational meeting on Aug. 14 about the current medical treatments and procedures that reverse the negative effects of sun-damaged skin. The talk is set to begin at 7 p.m. and will take place at Infinity MedSpa, located in the Promenade Town Center, 27019 McBean Parkway in Valencia.
Small business counseling available
Bank of Santa Clarita reported last week that its net income grew to $102,000 during the second quarter ending June 30.
Advertising group sees rise in membership
The city's unemployment rate increased to 4.3 percent in June, a jump from May's 3.9 percent, according to the state's Employment Development Department.
The Heart Link Network launches SCV chapter
Shield Healthcare of Valencia moved up the effective date of its annual wage increase for hourly employees by six months. The new increase was effective July 1.
VIA luncheon to discuss manufacturing
When it comes to filming mainstream television shows and movies, Santa Clarita has turned into a mini-version of Hollywood.
The Franchise Tax Board is sending forms to more than 600,000 Californians who may be eligible to receive payments from the state's Homeowner and Renter Assistance Program.
Noble Investment Group, an Atlanta-based company, announced Tuesday that it has purchased the Hyatt Valencia.
Putting an old building to new use, the city of Santa Clarita is turning the former Newhall Library into a business incubator specifically for creative and technology industries.
At age 21, Robert White is about to buy his first Santa Clarita restaurant – Tri Tipps on Newhall Ranch Road.
The Valley Industry Association held the annual installation of its 2014 board of directors in Santa Clarita on Tuesday.
Stay Green Inc. Landscaping company brought home four 2013 awards from the California Landscape Contractors Association.
Homebuilder Lennar Corporation was awarded $1 billion in damages against California developer Nicolas Marsch III and his company, Briarwood Capital LLC, a Lennar spokesperson said.


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Gregg Pollack Nathaniel Bibler
Signal, BigRecord, and Mail are featured on this Tuesday morning episode. We also talk a bit about Amazon RDS, Geocoder, and Twitter lists to hit on a few not-entirely-Rubyish recent events.
This episode is sponsored by Mad Mimi. Impeccable email design, delivery, and tracking for your application and promotional messages.
Running your own CI with Drone and Docker, building web-based RubyMotion apps with Under OS, funding for the Hello Ruby book, rubygems.org operating costs, Rails 4 assets on Heroku, and turning your text on its head with flippit all in this episode of the Ruby5.
It's pattern-mania this week with: interactors, adapters and components-based architectures. Omniref allows us to take a step back to look at dependencies between popular Ruby libraries and we learn about RubyMotion gotchas for Rails developers.
ActiveRecord Heatmaps, Atom Editor, Ruby Gotchas and Ruby Tempfiles. Guest hosts Karle Durante and Ken Collins
In this episode we cover new Rubies and rSpec, Ruby's Demise, AdequateRecord, and a Ruby Heroes reminder.


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I have tried this recipe several times now (with or without the bread) and I love it. Being a vegetarian, this dish is great for its nutritional value (iron, minerals, dietary fiber).
I often add nutmeg because it pairs up nicely with spinach. To alter it to your personal taste, I suggest experimenting with herbs and spices. I like to add some cayenne pepper. Fast, easy and delicious!


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Definition of Newton, Sir Isaac in English:
Newton, Sir Isaac
Syllabification: New·ton, Sir IsaacPronunciation: /ˈn(y)o͞otn
- (1642–1727), English mathematician and physicist, considered the greatest single influence on theoretical physics until Einstein. In Principia Mathematica (1687), he gave a mathematical description of the laws of mechanics and gravitation and applied these to planetary motion. Opticks (1704) records his optical experiments and theories, including the discovery that white light is made up of a mixture of colors. His work in mathematics included the binomial theorem and differential calculus.
More definitions of Newton, Sir Isaac
Definition of Newton, Sir Isaac in:- The British & World English dictionary


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The Sustainable Cities Programme (SCP) is providing technical and financial support to the All India Institute of Local Self Government (AIILSG) to implement the environmental planning and management (EPM) process in solid waste management in selected cities in the State of Maharashtra, India. The lessons of the two pilot cities would then be up-scaled through AIILSG financial and technical support to more cities/towns in the State of Maharashtra. The SCP process will initially be implemented in two Class I cites as demonstration cities. The selected demonstration cities have shown considerable administrative initiative and political commitment to improve the urban environment. This has been reflected in their efforts to improve the system of waste collection and transportation through community involvement and initiate measures to process and dispose of the waste scientifically
ActivitiesMain activities include:


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ImageBadger Image Converter provides users a way to change large groups of pictures with a few simple mouse clicks. With a simple interface and fast results, we were highly impressed by this program.
The program has an interface that looks very much like a child's game. With bright colors and a cartoon badger guiding users through the process, this program is also as simple to learn as a child's game. With a generous box for thumbnails of photos you have chosen and another large area for all the filters being applied, users should have no trouble understanding the … Read more


text: Meshelle Foreman Shields knows two things for sure: that she's carrying a boy, and that she's destined to be Baltimore's next big star. Shields, 37, is vying to become a contestant on Nick at Nite's Search for the Funniest Mom in America 3, a reality series—"sort of like The Apprentice for comics," Shields explains—that offers a grand prize of $50,000 and some TV opportunities. The stand-up comic (who got her start in fellow funny Baltimorean Mo'Nique's downtown comedy club) and soon-to-be-third-time-mother grew up as one of the few African Americans in a primarily Jewish neighborhood of Milford Mill with her mother and a gaggle of "quasi-gangster" uncles. Now, she's "waitin' like a crack fiend" in her cozy Bolton Hill home (with husband LaMarr Darnell Shields and their two daughters) to find out if she made it to the show's final auditions in L.A. If she's in, she'll share a Real World-style house with a handful of competitors—in the final days of her pregnancy. "I'm walking away with victory out of this thing," she says. "It's never gonna be the same after the show airs in April. That's why I'm like, 'hold on!'" she laughs, holding her basketball-sized tummy. "Mommy's gonna win one for the team!"


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chankat - 31 May, 2010
Second time around for me
This was my second U2 show, first time was The Unforgettable Fire tour in '85 at the Montreal Forum which holds 20 thousand people and now here they were playing the Big O which holds approx. 70 thousand people. As we all know The Joshua Tree album brought many new fans to the "club" . Being there on the floor close enough to see the sweat dripping down Bono's forehead and yes with his arm in a cast or bandage was just incredible. There is nothing like seeing your favorite band when you can sing along to every song and enjoy every note live in the moment with so many other people that feel the same way it's just magical. There is no religion, no color, no rich or poor, educated or not, gay or straight, for that hour and a half or so we are One!!! After it was over and Bono and the boys left us with 40, we sang it all the way to the Metro station (subway) we were still singing some 15 minutes later, now that is something I will never forget!!!!
markzanca - 21 November, 2009
October 1st, 1987
I remember this show like it was just yesterday! Little Steven & Los Lobos opened up. Bono had spranded his arm a few days before the Montreal show and was and was bandaged up. They open with Where the Street have no name. Wow the energy was out of this world! I was on the floor and had passed out because I drank a bottle of southern comfort with my buddy. Not a very good idea at 14 yrs old! They passed me threw the crown and ended up on a stretcher facing the right hand side of the stage. I remember Bono looking down at us dumbies on the stretcher and all I could do was try to wave to him. One of me first shows and have never missed them when the came to Montreal. Meet Bono at the Omni hotel and gave him a CD of my band in 2001. He`s one of the nicest and humble famous people I`ve ever meet! Cheers guy and see you in Montreal July 16th & 17th! Mark firstname.lastname@example.com
androvsky - 16 November, 2009
One of the best day in my life
Bono came with a broken arm. The show was amazing. - Doesn't Mather if my arm is broken, doesn't Mather 2 arms broken. This is not Las Vegas this is Montréal, Québec ! -Bono I was "front stage" it was very hot. Some girls fall down! Then we passed the gils over our head in direction of the Stage. Then, they was redirected to the back. I mist the chance to play the Guitar with Bono on "People can play" of Rod steward. , he pick a guy in my back left. i was to shy (15 years old) It was the firs of ten U2 show for me. 11 soon. Ok i tell you a secret. Before the show, all the people in front of the stage where sitting down relaxing before it start. So , me and my friend came on the edge of this "sitting line" and then we realize that if we want to be more close of the stage we have to pass through those sitting people. So the time pass and we can feel the tension growing. In my back now, there's more then 1000 human. i'm still at the line, becose in the front everybody still sitting down. 200-300 human. ;-) I know that something gonna happen. I'm in the left side of the stadium. I turn my head and see one guy at the right side of the stadium start to run over the people sitting in front! following by everybody in is back !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I don't think anymore, i was the first to do the same thing in the left side of the stadium. Following by all the people in my back.... !! I still remember the sound when we hit the stage!!! un son sour de milliers de personnes s'écrasant sur un stage. After that, we where very compress on each other. I find my friend, i can touch is hand but he can't came close to me becose the 3 guy between us are to close and compress. Stange feeling, trust me, i still remember 22 year after. but i was able to touch the stage...and the sky! ;)
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John Edwards
John Edwards
Once an extremely popular regional attraction, John Edwards moved from the chitlin circuit to the big time when he joined the Spinners. Born in St. Louis, Edwards began singing in men's clubs while stationed in Germany during his Army days. When he was discharged, Edwards came to Columbus, GA. He appeared once with Wilson Pickett and then did several dates in Chicago, where he met Curtis Mayfield in 1968. Mayfield got Edwards a session at Weis Records and Jo Armstead produced "If I Don't Lose My Head" in 1969. Armstead produced other singles for Weis and Twin Stacks before Edwards moved to Bell in 1972. Floyd Smith co-wrote and produced "The Look on Your Face," after which Edwards moved again to Aware, in 1973. Smith produced his LP John Edwards, and "Messing up a Good Thing" generated some attention. But it was "Careful Man" in 1974 that got Edwards his first and only hit as a single act; it reached number eight. When Aware folded, Edwards did a few dates with The Spinners in 1973, but continued his solo career with Cotillion. His 1976 LP Life Love and Living contained some excellent deep soul tunes, particularly "Baby, Hold on to Me," but didn't get much attention. Edwards joined The Spinners full-time in 1977 and remains with them currently. "Working My Way Back to You/Forgive Me, Girl" and "Cupid/I've Loved You for a Long Time" in 1980 are the biggest Spinners hits featuring Edwards to date. ~ Ron Wynn, Rovi
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text: I can't believed I Missed all the Signs That You gave me! I know now that I can't live my Life without you! Living here knowing that I Can still have you in my heart is my Only joy. I'm sorry I didn't believe in all your Messengers until it was almost to late; but I'll try to live the rest of my life for you Now. God, be with me and help get through these last days!


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Join us for our 2nd annual ARF Young Pros Summer Social. Enjoy custom micro brews, wine and tasty bites while networking with peers and industry thought leaders. There will be awesome prizes and goodie bags, tours of the brewery, and a fantastic view of the sunset right on the Hudson River. |
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Roy Masters
Roy Masters is a Rugby League Columnist for The Sydney Morning Herald
Benji an unintended casualty of new deal for injured players
Roy Masters Wests Tigers' apparent reluctance to re-sign Benji Marshall long term is partly related to the new collective bargaining agreement where clubs must now pay out the full value of the contract in the...
Team spirit: how Blues can reach Origin nirvana
Roy Masters When NSW coach Laurie Daley finalises his team after this weekend's NRL round, he will try and include as many fit players from the Blues 2012 Origin squad.
Chin up, Blues, you've got these guys covered
Roy Masters The Blues camp was incensed by a remark from Maroons forward Sam Thaiday when asked what was Queensland's biggest danger in the lead-up to Origin I.
Now Stuart must move heaven and earth to make Blue moon rise over Suncorp
Roy Masters The Blues were over the moon after their victory in the Sydney State of Origin match, but coach Ricky Stuart must ensure such euphoria is not blue-moon rare.
Roy Masters
If you don't have speed to burn, you'll get smoked
Roy Masters Anyone watching the chaotic, thrilling play of the teams that have advanced to this weekend's semi-finals could be excused for believing the NRL has morphed into PlayStation football.
JT's bingle shows field has one ref too many
Roy Masters IT'S time to blow full-time on the NRL's two-referee system. The rugby league field is already overcrowded.
Roy Masters
Origin animal a rare beast indeed
Roy Masters There is a certain, specific animal called a State of Origin player and Craig Bellamy is struggling to identify him, even questioning whether he, as NSW coach, fully understands the demands of this...
Roy Masters
Why Bellamy must take a punt on Mullen
Roy Masters CRAIG BELLAMY was boiling over video referee Bill Harrigan's decision to disallow a try in the eighth minute of State of Origin I in Melbourne but sufficiently composed to publicly praise his beaten...


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Dell, Apr 2005, 6.99 ISBN: 044024241X World class cellist Sara Selkirk remains stunned by the death of her lover, which led to her inability to perform at a recent Paris concert. She has come to Bath to play the Cello at a charity event although she still mourns her loss. Following the event in the Pump Room, Sara finds the host organizer Museum Director Matthew Sawyer stabbed to death. Detective Chief Investigator Andrew Poole has a vested ...
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The Revelation of Jesus Christ to the Seven Churches
1 This is the revelation of Jesus Christ. God gave it to him to show his servants the things that must happen soon. He sent this revelation through his angel to his servant John. 2 John testified about what he saw: God's word and the testimony about Jesus Christ. 3 Blessed is the one who reads, as well as those who hear the words of this prophecy and pay attention to what is written in it because the time is near.
4 From John to the seven churches in the province of Asia. Good will #Or "Grace." and peace to you from the one who is, the one who was, and the one who is coming, from the seven spirits who are in front of his throne, 5 and from Jesus Christ, the witness, the trustworthy one, the first to come back to life, and the ruler over the kings of the earth. Glory and power forever and ever #The last part of verse 6 (in Greek) has been moved to verse 5 to express the complex Greek sentence structure more clearly in English. belong to the one who loves us and has freed us from our sins by his blood 6 and has made us a kingdom, priests for God his Father. Amen.
7 Look! He is coming in the clouds.
Every eye will see him,
even those who pierced him.
Every tribe on earth will mourn because of him.
This is true. Amen.
8 "I am the A and the Z," #Or "the Alpha and the Omega." says the Lord God, the one who is, the one who was, and the one who is coming, the Almighty.
9 I am John, your brother. I share your suffering, ruling, and endurance because of Jesus. I was ⌊exiled⌋ on the island of Patmos because of God's word and the testimony about Jesus. 10 I came under the Spirit's power on the Lord's day. I heard a loud voice behind me like a trumpet, 11 saying, "Write on a scroll what you see, and send it to the seven churches: Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea."
12 I turned toward the voice which was talking to me, and when I turned, I saw seven gold lamp stands. 13 There was someone like the Son of Man among the lamp stands. He was wearing a robe that reached his feet. He wore a gold belt around his waist. 14 His head and his hair were white like wool—like snow. His eyes were like flames of fire. 15 His feet were like glowing bronze refined in a furnace. His voice was like the sound of raging waters. 16 In his right hand he held seven stars, and out of his mouth came a sharp, two-edged sword. His face was like the sun when it shines in all its brightness.
17 When I saw him, I fell down at his feet like a dead man. Then he laid his right hand on me and said, "Don't be afraid! I am the first and the last, 18 the living one. I was dead, but now I am alive forever. I have the keys of death and hell. 19 Therefore, write down what you have seen, what is, and what is going to happen after these things. 20 The hidden meaning of the seven stars that you saw in my right hand and the seven gold lamp stands is this: The seven stars are the messengers of the seven churches, and the seven lamp stands are the seven churches.
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Wednesday, May 13, 2009
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Clayton News Daily
By Maria Jose Subiria
email@example.com The Clayton County Library System will host its first "Antiques on the Lawn" event Saturday, offering area residents a chance to buy and sell antiques, and have pieces appraised, organizers said. The event will take place at the library system's headquarters branch, at 865 Battle Creek Road, in Jonesboro, from 12 to 4 p.m. Organizers said the event is sponsored by Friends of the Library, an organization that supports Clayton County's libraries, and the Grassroots Arts Program, which provides counties with grants to help support the arts. "At our information reference desk people would come in numbers and ... they wanted to know the value of things they had in their homes," said Sherry Turner, managing headquarters librarian for the Clayton County Library System, who organized the event. "Those interested in purchasing [antiques] wanted to know the value." Turner said she thought holding an event focused on antiques would benefit the public, based on the level of interest in the subject seen at the library's reference desk. "We thought it was a perfect opportunity to listen to the needs of the community, and address it in a creative way," said Turner. The event will also include a magic show and performances from local recording artists, and offer guests the opportunity to meet local authors, Turner said. She said Chick-fil-A and Gentry's BBQ will be on hand to provide food. "Craftsmen will be making and selling bead work, jewelry, wood working, purses and crafts," explained Turner. She said the Clayton County Library System was able to run the event with the assistance of Friends of the Library, and the Grassroots Arts Program. The arts program grant, she said, requires matching funds, which were contributed by Friends of the Library. "Frankly, this was an outstanding program when they applied. It represents all different sorts of art," said Sara Cookson, program and event coordinator for Arts Clayton, which oversees the local Grassroots Arts program grants. "They just did a very good job." According to Cookson, the Clayton County Library System received its grant in November. Turner said the grant has also assisted the library system in running culinary, dance and multi-cultural mask-making workshops. For more information about Antiques on the Lawn, e-mail Turner at firstname.lastname@example.com like this story
- Arts Clayton offering grant-writing workshops ( August 12, 2009 )
- Area benefits from revamped arts funding ( September 5, 2008 )
- Locals 'relax, take an arts break' ( May 17, 2010 )
- Headquarters library puts 'Antiques on the Lawn' ( June 3, 2010 )
- Library reading program targets adults ( July 8, 2009 )


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I flat-out loved The Story of Edgar Sawtelle, and spent twelve happy evenings immersed in the world David Wroblewski has created. As I neared the end, I kept finding excuses to put the book aside for a little, not because I didn't like it, but because I liked it too much; I didn't want it to end. Dog-lovers, in particular, will find themselves riveted by this story, because the canine world has never been explored with such imagination and emotional resonance. Yet in the end, this isn't a novel about dogs or heartland America—although it is a deeply American work of literature. It's a novel about the human heart, and the mysteries that live there, understood but impossible to articulate. Yet in the person of Edgar Sawtelle, a mute boy who takes three of his dogs on a brave and dangerous odyssey, Wroblewski does articulate them, and splendidly. I closed the book with that regret readers feel only after experiencing the best stories: It's over, you think, and I won't read another one this good for a long, long time.
In truth, there's never been a book quite like The Story of Edgar Sawtelle. I thought of "Hamlet" when I was reading it, and Watership Down, and The Night of the Hunter, and The Life of Pi—but halfway through, I put all comparisons aside and let it just be itself.
I'm pretty sure this book is going to be a bestseller, but unlike some, it deserves to be. It's also going to be the subject of a great many reading groups, and when the members take up Edgar, I think they will be apt to stick to the book and forget the neighborhood gossip.
Wonderful, mysterious, long, and satisfying: Readers who pick up this novel are going to enter a richer world. I envy them the trip. I don't reread many books, because life is too short. I will be rereading this one.


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Thread: The Mariner
Thursday, 14th June, 2012, 12:00 AM #1
The Mariner
Mariners are intrepid folk who take to the worldâ??s great oceans and seas, living on the rolling waves aboard ships of all kinds. Though they hail from many races and walks of life, mariners have one thing that unites themâ??a love of the sea and the freedom it brings.
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judge would suit my personality better.
judge would suit my personality better.
Wrap your head around that one folks. Of course he is a headliner, just because a bunch of people here didn't want their hipster festival ruined with the likes of jack johnson doesn't make him any less of a headliner.
Oh wait, this won't be a cool post unless I toss in some insults. crazzz you are a big dumb fuck because you are innately unable to communicate with adults.
Oh hello Primavera additions. I'll see you in May.
the xx
Hope Sandoval And The Warm Inventions
Here We Go Magic
The New Pornographers
Bloody Beetroots
The Fall
Wild Beasts
The Antlers
Panda Bear
Dum Dum Girls.
I need coachella's line-up soon. Talking like within the next few weeks.
The majority of the shows are at one venue, the Parc Del Forum, with various stages set up a la Coachella. It's open air with hard concrete everywhere. No grass. There is an indoor seated venue right there too where they have select shows during the fest (Portishead played indoors and outdoors at the '08 Primavera). As sonofhal mentioned, there are showcase shows around the city in the days prior to the fest proper. I don't know any of those venues.
Guys, I cannot recommend Barcelona and this festival enough. They are both truly wonderful.
How is the camping?
I've checked out shows at the tiny Sidecar and at Sala Apolo in the past. Both are fairly decent venues. There are some free shows in the Parc Miro early on Sat and Sun, for those who get up early (Bowerbirds, Plants & Animals and Kimya Dawson did sets in the parc this year).
Grrrr, I wanna go....
I do too but I guess i'll be at Sasquatch. Mark my words though I will be at a European festival next year. Current front runners are Glastonbury and Pukkelpop but anything is possible.
hmmmm i really wish i could go to this
Can you stop calling him JJ. Keep getting confused with the Swedish band, jj.
^Also, if anyone hasn't heard the album - you should.^
Here's the album cover:
2/9 SISU @ Echoplex, 2/14 Spiritualized @ Ace Hotel, 2/16 Kyary Pamyu Pamyu @ Club Nokia, 2/24 Cibo Matto @ El Rey, 3/21 St. Vincent @ Wiltern, 4/11-13 Coachella, 4/27 Ghost B.C. @ Fonda, 4/30 Mono @ Troubadour, 5/3 I Break Horses @ Bootleg Theater, 5/28-6/1 Primavera Sound, 6/22 Janelle Monae @ Hollywood Bowl
OH MY GOD!!!!!! I'm gonna have to go bankrupt to attend this festival. There is already enough on this bill to make me want to go.
wire and mission of burma... that's pretty badass.
I have my pass for this festival, but I have no idea if I can swing room, and flight. I have a feeling I might not be able to.
I checked on flights and roundtrip was under a grand. Rooms arent that expensive. Primavera has a big list and i found some good deals.
Holy shit, I want to go to this.
Primavera's lineups always hit close to my heart. problem is timing - too many responsibilities to ditch in late May.
orbital better be at coachella that's all i've got to say.
The White Stripes 9/18
who is renting a house? anyone?