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Penalty Kick with Obvious Goal Scoring Opportunity
Anticipation is often discussed in the context of a Referee reading the options available to players and basing movement and positioning on where and what the next decision will likely be (the "next phase of play"). Similarly, anticipation by the Assistant Referee allows them to initiate movement so that an accurate offside decision can be made while staying with advancing play and while locked into the Second-To-Last-Defender (STLD).
Aug. 27, 2010
Anticipation is often discussed in the context of a Referee reading the options available to players and basing movement and positioning on where and what the next decision will likely be (the "next phase of play"). Similarly, anticipation by the Assistant Referee allows them to initiate movement so that an accurate offside decision can be made while staying with advancing play and while locked into the Second-To-Last-Defender (STLD).
An important aspect of teamwork, however, is being able to anticipate when circumstances warrant extra support of a crewmate's duties. An increasingly common scenario is when a team begins a counterattack, bypassing the midfield and sending a long ball towards advancing forwards.
In the specified clip, the Philadelphia midfielder (yellow shirt) sees an off-ball run by her teammates and sends a long ball behind the defense. The visual cue for the Referee that a long ball is imminent is that the midfielder has space, is under no defensive pressure, and that the forward's run allows a direct attack towards goal. The Referee should already be close to a full sprint when the ball is released by the midfielder. The Assistant Referee needs to be aware of the Referee's positioning behind play and be prepared to extend their patrol area ("area of control") farther out than usual to assist with fouls and misconduct once the offside decision is made. Here, a misplay by the defender creates a situation where the attacker and goalkeeper are running directly towards each other for a 50/50 ball inside the penalty area – focus and concentration by both the Referee and Assistant Referee must be on who makes contact with the ball first in order to judge whether a foul has occurred and who has committed it. The Philadelphia attacker beats the goalkeeper to the ball and touches it over her in an attempt to gain an advantageous position and make a final touch of the ball into the goal. Conversely, the goalkeeper makes no contact with the ball and instead uses her gloved fists to make contact with the attacker above the shoulders that takes her down. The challenge is a clear foul and a penalty kick must be awarded.The question now arises as to misconduct. The severity of the foul itself must be considered in terms of careless, reckless, and excessive force. The goalkeeper approaches the ball with clenched fists in an attempt to punch it away, but instead makes contact solely with the attacker's head and facial area. The goalkeeper leads with the fists and jumps at and into the opponent, far from where the jump was initiated. Together, these factors endanger the safety of the opponent and a red card for Serious Foul Play is warranted.
Had the challenge not involved excessive force and endangered the safety of an opponent, the infraction nevertheless meets the conditions of denying an obvious goal scoring opportunity to an opponent (DOGSO-F), which are summarized with "the 4 D's":
- Distance between the offence and the goal
- Distance (likelihood) of keeping or gaining control of the ball
- Direction of the play
- Location and number of Defenders
In this clip, all conditions are met. Distance between the offence and the goal is short (approximately 13 yards), likelihood of the attacker keeping control of the ball is high (slow pace of the ball before exiting the field), direction of play is directly towards goal, and the closest defender has no realistic play on the ball. Together, these factors determine that the conditions for DOGSO-F have been met and that a red card is warranted.
As counterattacks become more and more frequent, the likelihood of the Referee becoming caught behind play increases. For teamwork to be effective, the Assistant Referee must not only be prepared to make an offside decision, but then must quickly switch focus to assist with fouls and misconduct. Such counterattacks often require such a decision within 30 yards of goal, implying that tactical fouls and fouls that deny an obvious goal scoring opportunity become high-impact probabilities that require decisiveness and efficient communication between the Assistant Referee and the Referee. Such communication should be specifically addressed during the pregame conference. Simultaneously, it is incumbent upon the Referee to invoke a maximum sprint speed and consciously move to a position that will afford them the best angle of view in order to accurately judge the play. Often the most efficient path to such an angle will be to the right side of the ball rather than to the traditional left side.
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1/7/13 • The Huffington PostThe Huffington Post featured an op-ed by Lucy Hood about the Consumer Electronics Show and the potential for smart phone growth. The piece also focused on research done by Institute for Communication Technology Management (CTM), the Center Hood oversees. "Mundane activities like email and web browsing are more important to consumers than entertainment such as gaming," according to CTM's research.1/3/13 • The Orange County RegisterThe Orange County Register quoted David Carter about the reinvention of the Los Angeles Clippers brand.1/2/13 • Contra Costa TimesContra Costa Times quoted Kathleen Allen about the economic climate for small businesses in 2013.1/2/13 • Business InsiderBusiness Insider ran a column by Ira Kalb about declining consumer confidence. Issues like the fiscal cliff and debt ceiling debates haven't helped matters, Kalb wrote. "Since consumer spending is roughly 70% of our economy, we all need to work together to get consumers to feel confident again," he added.1/2/13 • ForbesForbes ran an op-ed by Gerard Tellis about American innovation. He wrote that a robust culture of trial and error regarding innovation is the country's biggest asset: "The U.S. absolutely must not lose the culture of innovation. In so doing, it can remain the pre-eminent innovative economy of the 21st century."12/30/12 • ForbesForbes featured research by Victor Bennett and colleagues finding that competition in the workplace may encourage unethical behavior. "Competition is generally thought to be good for economies because it keeps prices low and quality high. But when meeting customer demand is bad for society at large, then competition has a flip side," Bennett said. The story was also covered by LA Weekly.12/28/12 • CBS RadioCBS Radio Los Angeles affiliate KNX-AM interviewed Larry Harris about Mary Schapiro stepping down as head of the SEC.12/24/12 • Bloomberg BusinessweekBloomberg Businessweek ran a column by Warren Bennis about online education in academia, noting that USC President C. L. Max Nikias has emerged as a dynamic leader in this field. Several USC schools have created online master's programs; within a few years, every USC school is expected to have a "sensible and sustainable" graduate degree program.12/13/12 • CBS News CanadaCBC News (Canada) quoted David Kang of the USC Dornsife College about North Korea's recent launch of a rocket.
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text:
Package: language-pack-ja (1:10.04+20110931)
Links for language-pack-ja
Ubuntu Resources:
Download Source Package language-pack-ja:
Please consider filing a bug or asking a question via Launchpad before contacting the maintainer directly.
Original Maintainer (usually from Debian):
- Language pack maintainers
It should generally not be necessary for users to contact the original maintainer.
Similar packages:
translation updates for language Japanese
Translation data updates for all supported packages for: Japanese
language-pack-ja-base provides the bulk of translation data and is updated only seldom. This package provides frequent translation updates.
Other Packages Related to language-pack-ja
- dep: dpkg (>= 1.10.27ubuntu1)
- Debian package management system
- dep: language-pack-ja-base (>= 1:10.04+20110931)
- translations for language Japanese
Download language-pack-ja
Architecture | Package Size | Installed Size | Files |
all | 1.9 kB | 36.0 kB | [list of files] |


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Raymond George Kubala
Position: C
Height: 6-5 Weight: 265 lbs.
Born: October 26, 1942 in West, TX
College: Texas A&M (school history)
Drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the 4th round (46th overall) of the 1964 NFL Draft.
Drafted by the Denver Broncos in the 7th round (49th overall) of the 1964 AFL Draft.
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 10 (6862nd overall since 1950)
Let people know you like this site. Sponsor this page for $5. Your message will replace this ad.
Output includes all games from 1960 to 2013.
Career Game Log: Regular Season · Playoffs


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Made with love in NYC.
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You are in bed—your body is here in a cozy and comfy place. But where is your mind? Is it also in bed with your body, or is it somewhere else, maybe arguing a case in a courthouse before a judge? If so, your body will follow your mind and get all worked up. Sleep may elude you. BE HERE NOW is the best known mindfulness mantra, and the focus of a number of the exercises in this book.
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Win $10 in the Anime Wallpapers.Com August 2013 Wallpaper Contest or Origami Sticky Notes! Shinrei Tantei YakumoAlso known as: Psychic Detective Yakumo[Submit a song for Shinrei Tantei Yakumo]
[Submit a song for Shinrei Tantei Yakumo] Legend:
Animelyrics.com now has an OpenSearch plugin that you can install into your browser (FireFox and IE 7 supported) Affiliates: My Little Pony Ties Lyrics copyright to their respective owners or translators. No copyright infringment is intended or implied. Layout and other content copyright Anime Lyrics dot Com / Anime Globe Productions This is some text here |


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UNK Quick Links Quick Links A-Z Website Listing Office of the Chancellor Campus Maps UNK Factbook Calendar of Events Policies & Procedures Contact Information Registrar's Office UNK Alert Undergraduate Graduate International eCampus Scholarships & Fin. Aid Academic Affairs American Democracy Undergraduate Studies International Education Study Abroad Academic Calendar Colleges & Departments Computer Use Policy Course Catalog Library eCampus Classes Schedule of Classes Transcripts Firefly Academic Calendar Blackboard LoperMail eCampus Helpdesk (ITS) Major/Advisor Change (ugrad) Student Union Student Government LoperCAREERS Telecommunications The Antelope Online KLPR Radio UNK ID Card MyBLUE Blackboard Ektron Login Faculty Senate Firefly Future Catalog Helpdesk (ITS) Email Staff Senate Telephone Directory UNK ID Card myBlue Assessment Current Catalog Faculty Handbook Policies & Procedures The Antelope Online UNK Today UNK Factbook Business & Finance Academic & Career Services Contact Information Employment at UNK Human Resources ITS Police/Parking Services Dining Services Alumni Association NU Foundation NU System
Visit Campus!Apply Today!
Contact our staff and explore UNK Greek Affairs
Greek Information
Explore and experience sorority life at UNK
Explore and experience fraternity life at UNK
Join a fraternity at UNK
May-September 2013
Leaders united for the greater good
Enriching the fraternity experience
Explore and experience UNK's Multicultural Greek Council
Why Your Son or Daughter Should GO GREEK
Analysis of Greek finances and membership dues
Giving back to the campus & community through service
Greek Resources
2013 Fraternity Leadership Summit
Friendship is the cornerstone of fraternity and sorority life, but it doesn't end there. Greeks at UNK boast higher grade point averages than the campus GPA, while serving in nearly every campus organization, actively participating in intramurals, UNK athletics, and serving the Kearney community. Over $36,000 is raised each year for local and national charities in addition to over 10,000+ hours of hands-on service. In addition, fraternity and sorority membership can offer a more well-rounded college experience. UNK's Greek community represents over 650 diversified men and women belonging to 14 different fraternities and sororities. Our Greek community provides its members with opportunities for growth and excellence in academic, leadership development, service learning, and social opportunities. UNK fraternity and sorority members are often leaders in various areas of campus involvement. The Greek community has provided a significant outlet for those dedicated to making such commitments. The Greek experience is tremendous for those students who choose to join. A fraternity or sorority will provide life-long friendships and excellent opportunities for personal growth.
Furthermore, fraternity and sorority members get more leadership development than the average college student by attending workshops, retreats, and regional and national conferences/conventions. Greek Affairs students learn and experience topics such as:
-Leadership styles and group dynamics -Goal-setting and motivation -Interpersonal communication and conflict resolution -Relationship-building -Understanding and respecting diversity -Accountability and risk management
The Office of Greek Life also offers leadership development sessions such as Greek 101, the President's Seminar, Interfraternity (IFC), Panhellenic (PHC), and Multicultural (MGC) Leadership Retreats, Judicial Board Training, PhiredUp Recruitment Workshop, the Association of Fraternal Leadership and Values Annual Conference, and much more. In addition to leadership development on campus, Greek leaders have multiple opportunities to attend regional and national conferences and conventions hosted by their (inter)national organizations who invest both time and money in training their top chapter leaders.
-UNK Greeks are involved in 90% of the 200+ student organizations on campus. They are not just members; but also leaders within these organizations!
-There are over 200 leadership roles alone within the Greek community alone.
-UNK's past five Student Body Presidents were Greek.
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-The 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 UNK Homecoming King and/or Queen are Greek.


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What our language habits reveal
Share this talk and
track your influence!
In an exclusive preview of his book The Stuff of Thought, Steven Pinker looks at language and how it expresses what goes on in our minds — and how the words we choose communicate much more than we realize.
This talk was presented at an official TED Conference. TED's editors featured it among our daily selections on the home page.
- Interactive transcript (29 languages)
Enthusiastically agree? Respectfully beg to differ? Have your say here.
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By Ms. Canavan of Brockton, a petition (accompanied by bill, House, No. 2227) of Christine E. Canavan and Michael D. Brady for legislation to authorize school committees and unions to reopen negotiations of elements of collective bargaining agreements to benefit the academic achievement of students. Public Service.
Sponsors: | |
Status: | Referred to Joint Committee on Public Service |
Petitioners: Christine E. Canavan, Michael D. Brady


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Casey Horan, the Lamp director, said the use of Lamp members and other skid row residents in the movie has been a success in two ways. Countless members of the cast and crew have told her their lives have been transformed by the privilege of getting to know so many inspirational people. And many of those people have appreciated being heard, embraced and treated with dignity.
- Bio | E-mail | Recent columns
I don't know exactly what to expect as the story reaches a broader audience, or how Mr. Ayers will react to the attention, and I worry about it every day.
But I also know he appreciates being recognized as a man defined by something other than an illness, and maybe one day he will clear the hurdles and painful memories that so far have prevented him from considering treatment and medication.
In some ways, it's as if the career he never had is happening now, and nothing means more to him -- or has been as helpful in his gradual recovery -- than the way he has been accepted back into the fraternity of musicians by his many friends in the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
Cellists Peter Snyder and Ben Hong, violinist Robert Gupta, pianist Joanne Pearce Martin and publicist Adam Crane all clear time from busy schedules to hang out with him, knowing that music is his medicine and Disney Hall is his hospital. I just wish Pearce Martin hadn't told him about her sky diving experiences, because that's now next on Mr. Ayers' list of things to do -- just when he was beginning to get his golf stroke down.
Last week, after we watched a matinee concert at Disney Hall, Mr. Ayers went across the street and began playing the violin, one of several instruments he's tried to learn since giving up the string bass because it was too big for a shopping cart. His friends from the orchestra trooped over to join him, and Gupta, a 20-year-old phenom who joined the orchestra at 19, got out his own violin and played along with Mr. Ayers.
My friend has a long way to go, in more ways than one. But he is patient and steadfast, and the music that afternoon was a balm, filled as usual with passion, promise and hope.


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Check Out the New Electronics
Industry awards can provide waypoints to guide you to interesting advances in technology that are on display at this season's boat shows. "Gear Review" from our February 2012 issue.
Back when many of us started cruising, marine electronics were two things: expensive and hard to master. Thanks to the ongoing refinement of what computer developers call the graphical user interface and to huge strides in computer technology, these navigation devices have become accessible to all users. Touchscreens, digital charting, and the ability to access the Internet from just about anywhere on the planet are just a few of the technologies that have made it easier for us to navigate and to monitor the systems on our boats.
The problem we face today is the sheer number of products that are available. How does a boat owner choose what's best? One good place to start is to take note of the Technology Awards presented annually by the National Marine Electronics Association, which has a panel of Boating Writers International marine-electronics writers examine the latest offerings and acknowledge what they consider to be the best products. Other helpful guides include the Design Award presented at Amsterdam's Marine Equipment Trade Show and the IBEX Innovation Award, judged by the B.W.I. and given out at the 2011 International Boatbuilders Exhibition and Conference.
So let's first take a look at the products that were selected as award winners by the experts. Then we'll further winnow this year's new entries in the crowded electronics marketplace and talk about which gear is likely to appeal to cruising sailors as they head out to see what's new at the 2012 boat shows.
Winning the National Marine Electronics Association Technology Award for 2011 was Boatranet, a wireless server for onboard navigation networks that's manufactured by Digital Yacht. Boatranet typifies the revolution that's taking place all over the world today: the seamless integration of information with smartphones, iPads and other tablets, and laptop computers. Boatranet creates a wireless hotspot that allows anyone on board who's password-enabled and equipped with a phone, tablet, laptop, or computer (running Apple, Windows, or Linux operating systems) to access the boat's network. The technology also automatically creates animated instrument and navigational displays (web pages) of your data—and the data format is available to apps developers, so expect more bells and whistles to come.
Simply put, Boatranet creates an intranet for your boat so that anyone who's logged in can see charts, instrument displays, Automatic Identification System targets, radar, engine gauges, or anything else on your boat's network. When you're in a marina or anchorage that has a network connected to the Internet, Boatranet, via an optional WiFi adapter, can connect to wireless hotspots and share that Internet connection to every device aboard. For those crewmembers who could care less about hard data, Boatranet can also stream music to your boat's music system and share photos and documents.
Boatranet accepts data from Raymarine, Garmin, Furuno, Navico, and other electronics via NMEA 0183 or NMEA 2000, the communication protocols that allow different devices in a boat's navigation system to talk to one another; the NMEA 2000 gateway is an optional extra. The Boatranet black box is compact, easy to install, and runs on 12 volts DC or 24 volts DC. To conserve power, it uses heatsinks rather than fans to stay cool, which means it only draws 1.5 amps.
Another iDevice-friendly Digital Yacht product took home the Design Award presented at Amsterdam's Marine Equipment Trade Show: iAIS (above), a wireless Automatic Identification System receiver that links with iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch devices. It's a black-box A.I.S. receiver that, when used with a free app available at Apple's App Store, shows A.I.S. data as well as other NMEA data, including GPS, depth, speed, and wind information. The iAIS can also send data to a computer via a USB connection and to plotters via a hardwired NMEA connection. An iAIS can also accept and broadcast added NMEA 0183 data, in ways similar to its cousin, Boatranet.


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Live Reviews
Borne of the Elements: November-December 2003
The "Fall rains" (known to many here as six months of liquid depression) arrived in Vancouver with as much fury as did the summer sun. By mid-month, Vancouver was pounded by precipitation in record amounts. On October 16, the Vancouver Airport received 89 millimetres (3.5 inches) of the west stuff in 24 hours. Coquitlam, a suburb of Vancouver, set a new 24-hour record of 150 mm (5.9 inches). Towns north of Vancouver, including the world famous Whistler ski resort, were cut off from civilization by flooding. When it rained, it poured.
Droughts don't really happen in rain forest country. However, Environment Canada reports that summer 2003 was, in some British Columbia locales, the driest summer on record. The blazes torched homes, scorched mountains and threatened the Sun Peaks ski resort.
How Dry?
Vancouver vocalist Karin Plato and guitarist Bill Coon recently toured through the BC Interior. Their visitation was special because Plato had been one of thousands forced to flee the fires. She had been attending a family wedding in Kelowna that was abruptly interrupted by the advance of the flames.
"It was probably one of the most frightening things that I have witnessed," Plato remembered. "As the sky became dark (and it was evening), that's when we could see the fires. That was a Friday night. You could see families in their vehicles with their kids, their dog and whatever they could get out of their home. People had the look of terror on their faces."
On their return, Plato and Coon discovered that Kamloops also suffered tremendously from the fires. Curiously, Plato says the Kamloops tourism industry flourished because people were unaware of the damage suffered there, and they wanted to avoid the most injured city of Kelowna. In fact, some industries (construction, for example) are exploding as residents rebuild.
"As we drove from Vernon to Kelowna, we did also see some burnt out areas there. So it was beautiful, lush and green," Karin said. "And there would be a stretch where the evidence was there again of what really happened."
Plato and Coon also conducted clinics for a very diverse audience: from people in their early 20s to multiple instrumentalists. "I don't think teens want to sit and watch you, they want to participate," Karin learned. "If you do this and everybody tries something, it becomes a lot of fun. We had them improvising. The kids seemed very excited."
Plato released The State of Bliss earlier this year. Karin wisely chose a stylistically varied group of musicians (three rhythm sections worth!). "The state of bliss is something of a mystery to me," says Plato, adding, "...I only know that when it catches me I am on a cloud and wish to remain elated in that state forever."
Photo Credit:
Okanagan fire: courtesy of Steve Devries.
In this edition:
- The Definition of Drummers
- "So What's the Connection?"
- The Digital Divide
- Changing of the Guard
- Up and Coming
- Dal Richards: Still Up and Coming
- Book Review: A Jazz Odyssey: My Life in Jazz by Oscar Peterson
- Sweet Basil III
- A Jazzy Mall Development
- Christmas: Jazz Gift Ideas
- The Most Human Element
The Definition of Drummers:
Drummers begin by whacking things for the thrill of turning serenity into noise. Over time, they learn rudiments, tools by which most rhythms are fundamentally formed. Drummers grow their abilities to keep rhythm and, with positive experiences, they learn to consider the aesthetic effect: how rhythm seduces us. Drummers who play long enough re-learn, or re-invent, themselves to change with the times. Musical growth is often cyclical; seldom does it go in straight lines.
Legendary jazz drummer Freddie Gruber has left a powerful influence on two modern drummers with disparate musical backgrounds. Steve Smith and Canada's Neil Peart share certain watermarks: both have achieved artistic success, both have released instructional Digital Video Discs (DVD), both have played Vancouver and both are still students of their craft.
Down to: The Digital Divide
After 22 years in Rush, Neil asked Freddie Gruber to augment Peart's many technical machinations that were acquired on the road and in the studio. Among other things, Gruber taught Peart to hit a drumhead at the conclusion of a perpetual, circular motion. Neil called them orbital waves.
In the DVD, A Work in Progress (Warner Publications), Neil Peart summed up his greatest lesson: "My take on all of this is that the apprentice takes something easy and makes it look difficult, while the master takes the impossible and makes it look easy."
Gruber also gave Peart the jazz bug. Neil went from Gruber's tutelage to produce a two-record tribute to Buddy Rich called Burning for Buddy (Anthem) in 1997. Peart also played live with the Buddy Rich Big Band and he stretched into territory previously unknown – an accomplished musician who had again became a student. Let that be the legacy of Buddy Rich .
"So What's the Connection?": Steve Smith, who also played in the Buddy Rich Big Band, brought his philosophy of drumming to Vancouver for a clinic on September 9. There, Smith confirmed his firm embrace of the historical values of rhythm in cultural and musical senses. Smith, a frequent award winner at Modern Drummer Magazine, wowed a few dozen Vancouver artists and their young families. What did 13-year-old Kailey like best about the clinic? "All of it," she said. Kailey's 11-year-old sister grinned ear-to-ear as she brought a snare drum prize back to her seat. Asked about Smith's display, Alisha said, "It was cool." Chris, the 39-year-old father and family rhythm king, brought his whole family to see Smith for a distinct purpose: "You know...when I was growing up, music kept me out of trouble a lot. It was a good outlet for me...drums took me into a whole new world. And I'd like my kids to be able to experience and see drums in different styles of music and musicianship. And who knows: maybe they'd like to pick them up." Smith's most powerful message was how the musicality of drums is being lost on today's young musicians. An audience question provoked Smith's belief that modern drummers hit the skins way too hard, live and on record. This, he said, tends to cause recording engineers to "close mic" drums (an old method of having a separate microphone for each drum to the exclusion of the overall set dynamic) or mix subtlety out of the rhythm parts we hear. Steve Smith demonstrated the opposite, stroking out structures and rhythm compositions that mesmerized the audience and drew a standing ovation in conclusion. The Digital Divide: There is some news in the ongoing recording industry fracas over digital music files. The Universal Music Group (UMG) announced a company-wide reduction in the wholesale price of some CDs across Canada effective October 1. It would appear that the industry's will is now finding ways to counter file-swapping software such as Kazaa, Morpheus and Napster. Some of the rhetoric still has fans fuming, though, over what really caused the file-swapping issue. Brian Robertson, president of The Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA), appeared recently on Vancouver's "Bill Good Show" (CKNW 980 AM). Robertson denied that the industry has been gouging music consumers. Next story: Changing of the Guard "How do you figure out 'gouging?' I mean, best-selling CDs sell for around $16 or $17. I don't know what the costs are in Vancouver but, here (Toronto), you pay $13 to go and see a movie," said Robertson. "I don't know how gouging comes into that with a product that's usually costing $300-$500 thousand dollars to produce." Robertson admitted that the Internet has forced the music industry into transition. He also claimed that the CRIA has no problem with those who download MP3 files to assess whether or not to buy records or CD singles. Brian Robertson added that the CRIA wants to cost-effectively provide online music distribution services that could archive up to 300,000 songs. What is cost-effective? Robertson said between 79-99 cents per downloaded song. Where does the money go when I buy a CD? The following figures were compiled this summer by the Canadian Recording Industry Association: 4%: retailer profit How has file sharing affected the Canadian recording industry? The CRIA estimates that Canada's music industry has lost about $250 million in sales over the past three years. In 1999, the Canadian Private Copying Collective (CPCC) was formed to collect royalties that were lost to digital file swapping. The CPCC has been collecting taxes on blank cassette tapes and CDs in order to distribute that revenue to composers, performers, publishers and record labels. The CPCC collected $28 million in 2000 and 2001. There is no similar program in the United States. Hugo Award-winning author Orson Scott Card has rebutted the music industry position in a two-part essay entitled, "MP3s Are Not the Devil" ( Part Two ). Card goes over the history of copyright and how changes (made in 1978) have affected all artists. "So it's pretty hilarious to hear record company executives and movie studio executives get all righteous about copyright. They've been manipulating copyright laws for years, and all the manipulations were designed to steal everything they could from the actual creators of the work," writes Orson Scott Card. "I basically replaced all my vinyl records and cassette tapes with CDs, and then replaced all our VHS tapes and laserdiscs with DVDs. The record companies and studios would have laughed if somebody said, 'This is just an upgrade. I should be able to turn in my vinyl and cassettes for CDs and my videotapes for DVDs, for no more than the actual cost of production.' Ha ha ha ha ha. "In all the ridiculously overblown 'estimates' of how much the studios and record companies are 'losing' from 'piracy,' nobody bothers to calculate just how much extra money they made from consumers paying full price for music and movies they had already paid full price for only a few years before. "First, most of the people who are getting those free MP3s would not be buying the CDs anyway. They're doing this in order to get far more music than they can actually afford. That means that if they weren't sharing MP3s online, they would simply have less music or share CDs hand to hand," writes Orson Scott Card. "It does not mean that they would have bought CDs to get the tunes they're downloading from Napster-like sharing schemes." "MP3s Are Not the Devil" was initially published in the Rhinoceros Times. Orson Scott Card's comments are re-published here with the expressed, written permission of the author. Photo Credit: Changing of the Guard: The Toronto Dominion-Canada Trust Bank has reached an agreement to become the new title sponsor of the Vancouver International Jazz Festival. The pact between the bank and the Coastal Jazz and Blues Society takes effect in 2004. In the deal, TD Canada Trust has acquired official title sponsorship of festivals in Calgary, Toronto, Ottawa and Halifax. For a few million bucks, TD Canada Trust also picks up supporting sponsorships of festivals in Victoria, Edmonton, Saskatchewan, Winnipeg and Montreal. Du Maurier, a cigarette brand under the Imperial Tobacco banner of companies, has now stepped aside as the official sponsor after many years with Vancouver's main jazz festival. Big tobacco has suffered from two major shifts in Canadian culture: a federal government media campaign against smoking, and shrinking consumer demand for cigarettes. Officials with Coastal Jazz confirm that federal government legislation banning tobacco sponsorship spelled the demise of du Maurier's corporate participation. That was the worst kept secret in Canadian jazz. Banks know how to invest don't they? Statistics Canada numbers reveal that 23 per cent of Canadians attend arts and cultural festivals. The TD bank is now aboard on a national scale. The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC) sponsored the recent Sweet Basil Jazz Festival in Vancouver. Smaller credit unions have sponsored smaller events in town. Even the Surrey Jazz Festival, a local high school competition, is now sponsored by a financial services company. Interesting. The year 2003 closes with the celebrations of two 30-year anniversaries: the Hot Jazz Club (known now as the Mainstream Club ) and the Vancouver East Cultural Centre. Both venues are highly historic landmarks in the Vancouver arts scene. On December 21, "The Cultch" welcomes all comers (for $100.00 each) to the closing performance of Ronnie Burkett's Provenance. A reception with spirit will follow. The proceeds of ticket sales are utilized to help pay for seismic upgrades and additions to the little place that could: expanded and more accessible public areas, a new studio theatre, new exhibit space, new rehearsal facilities and an expanded wing area. The Van East was initially a Methodist church. By 1925, it held a congregation of about 800 in an area that remains populist and residential to this day. After two world wars and changes to demographic Vancouver, the United Church turned the space over to Inner City Services during the hippy hay-days of the 1960s. Many of the little people, from university students to storefront lawyers, would go on to become big players in the Vancouver community. The Vancouver East Cultural Centre (VECC) was born on October 15, 1973. Since then, the VECC has hosted over 7,500 performances and 1.5 million visitors. Congratulations to Vancouver's Mike Allen Trio for winning in the Outstanding Jazz Recording category at the inaugural Western Canadian Music Awards. Allen's 2003 release, Dialectic, won the honour in Regina (Saskatchewan) on September 28. Mike Allen told AAJ that his role as the album's engineer was crucial. "I made sure to set things up so that we could feel as comfortable as possible during the recording," said Allen. "For this reason I was able to capture some very relaxed moments, when we were stretching out on several of the tunes. These were the cuts that ended up on the CD and I'm happy to have captured music that truly represents the way we play in performance - magic moments, blemishes and all." Mike Allen is a product of education. After receiving his Bachelor of Music degree from Montreal's McGill University, Allen went to teach jazz studies at McGill, Western Washington University, and Capilano College in North Vancouver. Next story: Up and Coming The music business is all about strategic partnerships isn't it? Jeff Turner, president of Turner Music and Events, has announced two interesting local hires: Cory Weeds (noted here in the first edition of Vancouver Vibe ) and Tara Bailey. Bailey brings industry experience and education to her post. She worked at Nettwerk Records and has just graduated from the arts and entertainment program at Cap College. Tara Bailey got smart and came west from Ontario eight years ago. In other news, Cellar Live has changed distributors for the online sale of the label's CDs. Cory Weeds, the owner of the label, was dissatisfied with the proceeds of the previous arrangement (to put it politely) and now uses CCNow. Lappelectro's 2003 release, Closer Than They Appear (Maximum Jazz), caught the ears of students at the University of Victoria's CFUV Campus Community Radio (101.9 FM). The band's album hit the top ten at number nine on August 15 and rose to number three before leaving the UVIC jazz chart a month later. It is now in the lap of CBC Radio Canada producer Claire Lawrence. BC-born Campbell Ryga and Blue Note pianist Renee Rosnes teamed up with Rudy Petchauer and Neil Swainson for a BC Reunion Quartet recording to be released on CBC Records. In September, the quartet convened in Vancouver to gig at The Cellar and record at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. It is unknown at this writing when the record will be released. The Kate Hammett-Vaughan Quintet is awaiting the production of its latest live recording for release early in 2004 on the Maximum Jazz label. The record was a live date at The Cellar last April with Hammett-Vaughan's regular group: André Lachance, Tom Foster, Chris Gestrin and Jim Pinchin. Gestrin is the album's producer. This record will continue Hammett-Vaughan's reinvention of standards but this record will include music written by Canada's great Joni Mitchell and Nick Drake. The quintet's album is currently untitled. Up and Coming: The Matthias Lupri Group makes for a highly international evening of vibraphone jazz at The Cellar on Tuesday, Nov. 18. Lupri has geographically and musically dotted the map. He was born 39 years ago in Germany but he grew up in Kansas and in Cochrane, Alberta (a Canadian prairie town of 12 thousand). Matthias has been touring the last few weeks with different players, including Seamus Blake, Antonio Sanchez and Greg Osby. Lupri began playing drums as a teenager in a variety of styles other than jazz. As with many musicians, Matthias had a main mentor. The young Lupri would ultimately enrol at Berklee in Boston to study vibraphone under Gary Burton's direction. Lupri's appearance brings Cuong Vu's innovative trumpet work back to Vancouver. Vu grew up in Seattle after his family moved to America from Vietnam but he ultimately settled in New York City. Vancouverites last saw Cuong Vu two years ago with the Pat Metheny Group, when we discovered how Vu's work is clearly his own. Take me to: Dal Richards: Still Up and Coming Lupri best describes Cuong Vu's appeal. "He has something different that he's saying musically and sonically. To me it's a 'freedom...with an edge' which I always want in my music as much as possible," says Lupri. "I'm also getting more and more into electronics also with my vibes, and he has that going on too with his trumpet, which meshes quite nicely." The Matthias Lupri Group is scheduled to also showcase Nate Radley on guitar, Thomson Kneeland on bass and Jordan Perlsonon on drums. The Vancouver gig is a presentation of the Coastal Jazz & Blues Society. Matthias Lupri Discography: Marian McPartland brings six decades worth of swing and boppin' piano to a trio performance at the prestigious Chan Centre on November 21 at 8 pm. McPartland is 85 now. Although many Americans revere her jazz program on National Public Radio (NPR), which began in 1978, younger readers may not know that Marian goes back to vaudeville. She performed for European troops during World War II. Marian met Chicago cornetist Jimmy McPartland in Belgium, in 1944, and the young, married couple moved to the United States two years later. After a few successful years performing at New York's Hickory House, Marian founded her own recording company, Halcyon Records. McPartland recorded some of her own music as well as tunes played by small jazz ensembles. The Jazz Alliance label has made over 30 compact discs of material from Marian McPartland's jazz radio show – the latest being Contrasts. This two-disc set was released in June. Disc One highlights McPartland's trio versions of compositions by Alec Wilder. On Disc Two, Marian and Jimmy team up for New Orleans-style live music. Marian McPartland Discography and other Materials . Dal Richards: Still Up and Coming: Vancouver's Dal Richards, known as Canada's King of Swing, brings his orchestra to the Chan Centre as Marian McPartland's guest. Richards still holds the record for the longest gig known to Vancouver: 26 years on the Panorama Roof of the Vancouver Hotel from April, 1940 to August, 1966. More recently, Richards' documentary, Big Band Boom, won a silver medal at the 1998 U.S. International Film and Video Festival in Chicago. His musical special, "What Legends Are Made Of," has been broadcast several times on Canadian national television. To this day, Dal Richards and his band raise funds for the Variety Club of BC, an organization dedicated to helping children with special needs. There is not enough space to pay proper tribute to the life and times of Canada's big band master. Dal Richards' latest CD is entitled, Tribute to the Crooners . Vocalist Dee Daniels appears with Dal Richards and Marian McPartland at the Chan Centre. Book Review: A Jazz Odyssey: My Life in Jazz by Oscar Peterson: Canadian jazz pianist Oscar Peterson's autobiography, A Jazz Odyssey: My Life in Jazz (Continuum Books), chronicles the memories of a man who holds the past in reverent contrast to modernity. This is a distinctly Canadian archive. The book contains a lot of memories of Peterson's days growing up in Montreal and moving on to bigger places – in jazz and in life. We should highly value the opinions of any person who has survived the Great Depression, World War II and jazz music. Next story: Sweet Basil III Oscar Peterson's family is a study in generational contrast. His father, Daniel, forced his kids to study music; that was the executive decision. Although this study included physical punishment for every performance mistake, Oscar shows great respect for the motive behind the father's commitment to his kids' futures. Peterson women appear to hold the grace of the family. Olive, Oscar's mother, defers comment on her young son's hilarious discovery of profanity. Daisy Peterson, Oscar's sister, is the single biggest reason we got to hear him play piano. This autobiography gracefully ingratiates us to the family behind the pianist. By 1950, Peterson recognized a critically important impact of his first success at Carnegie Hall. "Canadians have always looked on the acceptance of anyone's endeavours by our southern neighbours as a full endorsement of their worth, even though they may themselves have entertained doubts about that person's talent," Oscar writes. "On the other hand, there have been those who have been almost ostracized purely out of jealousy of their American success. Happily, this was not the case with me. I was welcomed home with congratulatory abandon." Musicians will enjoy the sections in which Peterson comments on collaborations with jazz masters. These chapters provide images of some hilarious moments on stage. Peterson defends the nature of competition as a positive motivation for players. When you tour with band mates such as Ella Fitzgerald, Ray Brown, Herb Ellis and Roy Hargrove, one boards the bus as carefully as one boards the concert stage. A Jazz Odyssey suffers from the pressures of the time in which it was published. Editor Richard Palmer sliced 373 pages into 92 chapters. Consequently, Peterson's readers spend very few pages on topics about which 100 books themselves could be written: "Subcultures and Bigotry" (five pages); "Marriage and Fatherhood" (six pages); and (laughably) "My Favourite Politician" in one page. Our need for extreme brevity is hardly Oscar Peterson's fault but one wonders if a deeper chronicle might have been a better idea. Peterson's life deserves it. The only technical drawback of A Jazz Odyssey is a lack of copy editing for grammar and punctuation usage. Conventions of grammar are inconsistently applied throughout the book and that is likely to leap out at the gentle sensitivities of jazz fans. A Jazz Odyssey: My Life in Jazz Reader's Note: this book was first released as a trade hardcover under the title, A Jazz Odyssey: The Life of Oscar Peterson (ISBN: 0-8264-5807-6). On September 10, Oscar Peterson received the keys to his hometown of Mississauga, Ontario. Peterson, now 78, called his homecoming "...the most rewarding and memorable date of my career." Mayor Hazel McCallion presided over Oscar's induction (the first of its kind) into the Mississauga Arts Hall of Fame. Sweet Basil III: The third annual Sweet Basil Jazz Festival staged 30 shows at eight venues around Vancouver from September 10-19. Michel Pan has done an admirable job of generating volunteer interest and a healthy degree of sponsorship in three short years. The Government of Canada provided sponsorship for the first time this year and that is, in itself, an accomplishment. The festival opened at the Mainstream Club on Main. Vancouverites have long known it as the legendary Hot Jazz Club. The club is celebrating 30 years in Vancouver and the Sweet Basil festival opening brought us back to some very old memories. Take me to: Christmas: Jazz Gift Ideas The club has changed so little over time. The bandstand tucks three tiers into the corner of a hall that contains old-fashioned round tables and chairs around a wooden dance floor. The Hot Jazz club goes back to the dancing days of the genre. The small mirror ball and 1970s light fixtures bring a character to the room that makes us ache over both what has been lost and what could be gained with greater investment. Fantazea opened the festival with bright hearted Latin-based jazz. Local wind instrumentalist Tom Keenlyside sat in for this gig and provided some great flute work in the Brazilian framework. Ray Piper and Michael Creber worked well together to produce a set that built nicely (although the dance floor remained empty). A ménage a trois of singers did classics for a night at the downtown Vancouver Public Library: Karin Plato, Kate Hammett-Vaughan and Jennifer Scott (pictured here). They were ably accompanied by Chris Sigerson on piano, Rene Worst on bass and Tom Foster on drums. The idea here was to showcase three different styles of vocalist and that surely occurred to the delight of an almost packed house. Each vocalist did two songs solo, then collaborated on a three-part harmonic blues conclusion to the first set. Perhaps the funniest moment occurred when Scott put bassist Rene Worst in the "worst" possible position: she told the audience that they are life partners and noted the look on his face by asking: "Does that surprise you?" Although audiences love this type of billing, musicians often feel as though they are being placed in undue competition. When one person sings eight bars and hands it to the next person for eight more, audiences are bound to compare what they hear. Plato , Scott and Hammett-Vaughan all expressed deep respect for each other's abilities but I would have preferred that they be given their own gigs. Showcases are hard on individuality. The Sweet Basil Festival wrapped up with great interest in tribute to the music of Bill Evans, Oscar Peterson and classical strings tuned to jazz. The Alice MacKay Room almost overflowed with an audience that was keen to hear Vancouver pianist Miles Black expertly cast himself in numerous musical contexts. Black worked with cellists Finn Manniche, Harold Birsten (although that set was way too short), bassist John Nolan and drummer Russ Botton as well as the Babayaga String Quartet. Miles Black is amazingly adaptable. He seamlessly cast himself into the bop phrasing of Oscar Peterson (and once wrote a book of straight transcription to Oscar) but redefined himself into the lyrical, sometimes hypnotic, environments first mastered by Bill Evans. The native of Port Alberni (on Vancouver Island) has exemplified musical versatility throughout his 25 years in music. Black started on the piano at 12, played professionally by 14, practiced music therapy by 18 and has gone on to score music for films and television. He has also produced and performed on music software. Talk about making the rounds. The Babayaga String Quartet posed an interesting challenge. Although the violin and the cello are gorgeous instruments, I have a hard time hearing them as jazz. I so associate these instruments with classical music that it seems difficult for me to hear them bop. This became immediately clear when Babayaga teamed with the Mile Black Trio to produce puzzling up-tempo stuff and beautiful balladry. Nonetheless, the musicians were clearly outstanding and it is always healthy to hear sounds in different environments. The Sweet Basil Jazz Festival may have a bright future on the map of music events in Vancouver. Festival director Michel Pan found numerous sponsors strategically well placed in government, media and investment banking (although the giveaway of Canadian government t-shirts made me sick). Congratulations to the volunteers and musicians on staging a festival outside of festival season. Let us hope there are many more. A Jazzy Mall Development: Vancouverites love free music and they got their fill at the inaugural Central City Jazz and Blues Festival on September 7. The weather gods conspired against the event. The night before, Greater Vancouver received rain for the first time in weeks and residents awoke to lead grey skies. However, the performances proceeded as they always must. The one-day event featured an admirable line-up of performers: Dr. Lonnie Smith and Crash, Michael Kaeshammer (pictured here without his trio), Harry Manx, Sekoya, the Dylan Cramer Quartet, Gary Comeau and the Voodoo Allstars, Rumba Calzada, Les is More and Spacious Couch. Dr. Lonnie Smith has so mastered the infamous B3 Hammond organ as to make its sound an art form. The healthy crowd really tuned in to the vibes that Smith and Crash displayed within the funk context. Despite the predictable breaks and transitions endemic to funk, Smith's phrasing drove the rhythm to furious intensity before taming it back to cool. The culturally diverse crowd really dug it. "Yo – what's up y'all?" asked Sekoya sax man Alvin Cornista (aka Vinstar). That pretty much sums up the infectious, youthful attitude of Vancouver's Sekoya, a group that continues to impress with its groove-based electronics. The band's set built nicely and, towards the end of the 45 minutes, had many heads bobbing happily. Sekoya is currently working on its second studio record and may tour Canada next year. Vancouver's Bentall Corporation initiated the Central City Jazz & Blues Festival to revitalize a civic plaza formerly known as the Surrey Place Mall. The whole area just underwent a heavy and expensive upgrade. Christmas: Jazz Gift Ideas: What to do about Christmas? Buy some music. Vancouver artists produced several records this year. Matthew Zachary has announced that his music is now helping cancer victims in 1000 hospitals across Canada and the United States. Musical catharsis can be a powerful healer. Since beating a rare form of cancer, Zachary has produced two jazz piano records. Scribblings and Every Step of the Way are on sale for $10.00 (USD) until Christmas from Matt Zachary's Web site . If you don't buy his music, you will surely be warmed by the human resilience of Matthew Zachary's triumph over the world's worst disease.
Smith's DVD, Steve Smith: Drum set Technique/History of the U.S. Beat (Hudson Music), documents the man's greatest recent accomplishment: that of becoming what he calls a "U.S. ethnic" drummer. Smith conducted clinics across Canada in September. Steve now takes his ideas on a tour of clinics throughout Asia before returning home for Christmas.
7%: label profit
9%: manufacturing costs
12%: artist and song writing payments
12%: record company distribution, sales & overhead costs
13%: promotion and marketing costs
19%: recording, video and production costs
24%: retail store costs
Orson Scott Card by Bob Henderson.
Window Up Window Down, 1998 (Chartmaker).
Shadow of the Vibe, 1999 (Chartmaker). Check the All About Jazz review .
Same Time Twice, 2002 (Summit). Check the All About Jazz review .
Dal Richards is a West Coast pioneer. He began his musical odyssey in 1937, when he landed a gig playing sax at the old Blue Room. Later, Dal and his own band did the honour of opening Vancouver's Empire Stadium, a place that could chill bones when winter breezes blew in off Burrard Inlet. Empire played host to the British Empire Games where, on May 6, 1954, Britain's Roger Bannister ran a mile in less than four minutes for the first time in history (a memorial statue still stands at Renfrew and Hastings). Dal Richards was there.
by Oscar Peterson
New York, NY; London, England: Continuum Books, 2003.
Trade Paperback: ISBN 0-8264-6725-3


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Executive rooms are furnished in exquisite taste and are an excellent choice both as regards their size (26 m2) and their range of fixtures and fittings.
Renovated throughout under the auspices of the M&B (Malphettes & Biz) interior decoration agency, they combine practicality with the elegance of a decor inspired by the Napoleonic era. Each is equipped with a fine and highly functional pedestal desk, real havens of silence for inspired contemplation beyond the reach of outside disturbance. All rooms are air-conditioned, comfortable and spacious, and are furnished with queen-size beds or pairs of twin beds. Bed and bathroom linen is anti-allergic, and the marble and mahogany bathrooms are equipped with magnificent glass-walled bathtubs. L'Occitane amenities in the bathroom. Executive rooms can accommodate up to 2 guests. State-of-the-art technology for your greater comfort: Adjustable individual air-conditioning Lamps and lighting adjustable from your bedside Flat-screen LCD television with Internet access and cordless keyboard Bouquet of 63 digital channels Tape recorder, and DVD/CD player upon request Wi-Fi Internet access and ADSL cable Over 130 VOD (Video On Demand) films and 10,000 CDs (of all musical styles) Minibar Telephones with two direct international lines Fax machine upon request Voice mail Coded safes In bathrooms: Marble and mahogany Spacious bathtub Magnifying mirror Hairdryer Bathroom scales Anti-allergy bath sheets and bathrobes. |


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According to the Geneva Refugee convention adopted on 28 of July 1951, a refugee is someone who:
"…owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it."
According to The Refugees Act 2006 of Kenya:
"A person shall be a statutory refugee … if such person, owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, sex, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable, or owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence, is unable or owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for any of the [above] reasons is unwilling to return to it."
This means a refugee is a person who:
1. has been forced to flee their country and has entered Kenya; and
2. they have fled because of a real and genuine fear that they are in danger of serious harm or persecution; and
3. this harm or persecution has arisen because of their race, religion, sex, nationality, political opinion or because they belong to a particular group that has been targeted; and
4. because of this fear they are not able to go back to their own country or the country where they usually live where the problems arose.
5. When there is a situation of war, clashes, invasion by outside forces, or other events that seriously disturb the public peace and order in the country, it may cause people to flee from their countries and they may arrive in Kenya in large numbers. In such a case, the Minister responsible for refugee affairs can announce such a group to be refugees. This group is called "prima facie" refugees.
In summary: A refugee in Kenya is a person who, because they cannot find safety in their own country or the country where they had been living, is granted protection in Kenya by the Government (until a long-lasting solution is found).
1. An asylum seeker is a person who has arrived in Kenya to seek protection, and is in the process of having his/her application for refugee status assessed.
2. The Act gives Kenya the authority to give or refuse refugee status to a person who applies for protection.
3. It is important to remember that an asylum seeker has permission to remain in the country until the assessment of his/her case is finalized.
A returnee is a person who has been displaced under different circumstances and who voluntarily agrees return to his/her own country.
Under the Refugee Act 2006, the Government of Kenya, more specifically the Department for Refugee Affairs (DRA) under the Ministry of Immigration and Registration of Persons has the overall responsibility for all administration, coordination and management of refugee matters. The DRA is headed by Commissioner, Mr. Peter Kusimba. The Government of Kenya has directed that refugees must reside in designated camps to qualify for assistance. Kenya considers itself as only a country of asylum for as long as a refugee has a mandate or is in the process of acquiring or renewing one.
Under international law it is the responsibility of UNHCR to supervise the implementation of the 1951 Convention and monitor the protection of refugees. UNHCR took over the responsibility of refugee affairs management and RSD in 1992 from the Kenyan government following the continued increase and influx of refugees.
Legal instruments guiding the work with refugees, returnees and asylum seekers
There are a number of legal frameworks guiding the work around refugees, returnees and asylum seekers.
At the International level the United Nations Convention Relating to the status of Refugees is the cornerstone in the body of laws that establish standards for refugee protection. It is an international convention defining who is a refugee, setting out the rights of individuals who are granted asylum as well as the responsibilities of nations that grant asylum.
The convention was approved by the United Nations at a conference in 1951. Initially, it was limited to post-World War ll refugees, but in 1967 it was expanded to encompass refugees internationally. The 1967 of the Convention was ratified in Geneva and is therefore often referred to as "the Geneva Convention", though it is not one of the Geneva Conventions specifically dealing with permissible behavior in times of war.
Today there are 147 signatories to the 1967 Convention Relating to the status of Refugees.
At the National level a Refugee Act was approved by the Kenyan parliament in 2006 and it:
Milestones in the management of refugees in Kenya
1984 |
• The idea of a refugee law is formally proposed at the government level. Kenya is continuing to experience an influx of refugees from Uganda. • The Government is responsible for Refugee Status Determination (RSD) through the Refugee Secretariat under the Ministry of Home Affairs. |
By end 1990 |
• Kenya's refugee population is recorded at 14,400 refugees. • UNHCR budget for Kenya is USD 2.7 Million |
By June 1991 |
• 13,000 Ethiopian refugees arrive in Kenya, following the overthrow of Mengistu Haile Mariam and the ensuing conflict. • A draft Refugee Bill is prepared in 1991 • Refugee camps established in o Kakuma in the Rift Valley Province o Mandera in NorthEastern Kenya o Utange in the Coastal region for Somali refugees Making encampment the official government refugee management policy. |
By April 1992 |
• 46,500 Ethiopian refugees have arrived in Kenya with an estimated 1000 crossing over daily • 123,000 Somalis arrive in Kenya following the ouster of President Siad Barre, with an estimated 3,000 crossing over daily. • A small refugee camp is established in Dadaab in North Eastern Kenya |
By Dec 1992 |
• The refugee population in Kenya is estimated at over 287,000 refugees with a continuing increase. The increase is 2000 percent within 2 years. • UNHCR budget for Kenya increases from USD 2.7 Million to USD 45.3 Million • Kenya is also experiencing a problem with IDPs because of land clashes in various parts of the country. • Kenya is changing from single party to multiparty state |
1992 (continued) |
• Economic hard times – inflation rises by more than 50% • There is a sharp increase in crime and illegal arms into the country. Refugees and foreigners are blamed for this. • The Govt hands over the responsibility for refugee status determination and management to UNHCR. |
1994 |
• The Government, NGOs and UN agencies review the 1991 draft refugee law but the final product is unacceptable to both sides and the Bill is shelved. |
1995-1997 |
s Camps in urban areas are gradually closed down and they are amalgamated to Dadaab and Kakuma refugee camps which become bigger camps. s Dadaab and Kakuma remain the only two refugee camps |
1999 |
• The government holds wider consultations with civil society actors including RCK and other NGOs; and the Bill is revised, becoming the Refugee Bill 2000. |
2000-2002 |
• The Refugee Bill is reviewed at least 3 times but it is not published in the Kenya Gazette |
2003 |
• Kenya's new political regime after KANU is ousted in national elections. • The Government, RCK, NGOs and UN agencies review the Refugee Bill 2000 and make recommendations. The Bill is published as the Refugee Bill 2003 • The Bill is introduced to Parliament for the first time in 12-years, but the Bill lapses at the end of the year when Parliament closes for the year. |
2005 |
• The Refugee Affairs Secretariat is revived. By the end of the year, the Secretariat is made a department within the Ministry of State for Immigration &Registration of Persons |
2006 |
• New influxes of refugees from Somalia • The Refugee Bill is re-published (after its expiry in 2003) and becomes the Refugee Bill 2006 • RCK leads other organizations to advocate for Refugee Law. • The Refugee Bill is introduced to Parliament for the second time. (15 years since it was first drafted). • On November 29, the Bill is unanimously voted into law and receives presidential assent on December 30th. |
2007 |
• May 15th the Refugee Act is gazetted to commence. The Act is now an operational law that can be used in court. • Dec 07- appointment of the first Commissioner for refugee affairs |
The status determination process (RSD)
Refugee Status Determination (RSD) is the process used to determine whether an individual asylum-seeker meets the international legal definition of a refugee qualifying for protection and assistance by the international community.
In Kenya, the process is carried out by UNHCR on behalf of the Government. RCK is not involved in RSD, but it offers consultation services to asylum seekers who wish to be guided in the presentation of their claims to UNHCR.
In Kenya the process is carried out the following way:
Link to a description of Refugee Status Determination, DRA
In 2010 the government of Kenya initiated a project to have all refugees in both Dadaab and kakuma refugee camps and Nairobi registered and issued with refugee identity cards. The IDs will contain the government seal, which the police have been asking for when they encounter the refugees. All refugees who are registered get an identification card that is similar to the Kenyan national identity card but with a different color scheme and a refugee inscription on it. The Refugee Identity cards are valid for a five years period.Link to some example identification documents, DRA -


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Silver Spring, Md. (March 27, 2013) – The Concrete Industry Management (CIM) program – a business intensive program that awards students with a four-year Bachelor of Science degree in Concrete Industry Management – is pleased to announce the release of their 2011 - 2012 Annual Report. Compiled by the National Steering Committee (NSC), the report was distributed last month at World of Concrete in Las Vegas, Nev.
Highlights of the 2011 - 2012 CIM Annual Report include:
"The quality and amount of activity completed by the CIM faculty and students is very impressive. The CIM Annual Report is a great tool for anyone connected to the concrete industry to learn about the exciting things happening at our CIM institutions," said Brian Gallagher, Chairman, CIM Marketing Committee. The Annual Report features updates from all CIM universities and NSC committees.
For more information about the CIM program and to download a copy of the annual report and executive summary, go to www.concretedegree.com.
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Anderson Helmer dribbles a basketball during the VarsityKansas.com Skills day at the East High gym on Saturday. Boys and girls in grades 3rd thru 6th received instructions in volleyball and basketball from city league coaches and athletes.
Link to image | Buy this photo
Travis Heying / The Wichita Eagle


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Thread: Trailer brake wire
- Join Date
- Oct 2012
- Posts
- 8
Trailer brake wire
Have an '04 Yukon 1500. Had receiver hitch and assumed had the trailering package. Bought an electric brake controller and during install noticed that an old harness was tucked under the console. Since I had bought a new harness with the controller, installed it. The lights all work correctly but there is no power to the controller from the C7 fuse block. Checked the top right terminal (red wire) while pressing on the brake pedal and nothing. Was reading in a downloaded wiring diagram that the wire from Stud #2 may not be factory installed. Anyone familiar with this?
I've also got an '04 GMC Sierra 2500 Duramax that does have power to this terminal in the C7 block - the red wire going to the brake controller.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
12-16-2012, 04:47 PM #2When installing my brake controller I ran into the same issue. The following link had explanation and photos that allowed me to complete my installation: http://www.pirate4x4.com/tech/billav.../tech/Prodigy/. I'd expect yours to be similar if not identical...
Note: I had to buy the 30amp pink JCASE fuse, as mine didn't come with one. If you have to buy one know that it's longer of the two types, not the shorter. (That info may sae you a trip!)
12-26-2012, 11:17 PM #3Very Nice! The link really makes the install clean, especially with the Pics being able to be blown up...
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Presenting Love Cake
This ribbon-wrapped cake is easy to achieve using the Fondant Ribbon Cutter and Embosser Set. Interchangeable wheels and spacers fit onto the handle to cut and emboss perfectly matched strips!
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May 1-7 Begins National Physical Fitness and Sports Month
Date, City of School, State – As part of National Physical Fitness and Sports Month, the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) is kicking off National Physical Education and Sport Week May 1-7, encouraging parents and teachers to help children explore a wide variety of physical activities to determine what they like and encourage them to participate in those activities on a regular basis. The physical activity-inspired week begins the physical fitness and sports inspired month.
Although 38 states mandate physical education in elementary, middle/high, and high school, most do not require a specific amount of instructional time and more than half allow exemptions, waivers or substititions, according to the 2012 Shape of the Nation Report. "Currently, X school allots X amount of time for physical education per week. We're utilizing this nationwide occasion to raise awareness and emphasize the value of physical education in schools and its importance in fostering physically active students with healthy life-long habits," says Your Name, Title, School Name.
This year, the theme for the week is "Let's Move! Active Schools," the First Lady's unprecedented collaboration to bring physical activity back in American schools. "Research shows that quality physical education programs can contribute to students' regular participation in physical activity and can increase moderate to vigorous physical activity. The challenge is to help students identify a sport or activity that he or she enjoys as much as watching television or playing computer games," says AAHPERD President Gale Wiedow of Dakota State University in Madison, SD. "Our goal is to urge every school in the country to coordinate a physical activity event during National Physical Education and Sport Week which will help motivate students to jump start or stimulate their personal physical activity routine."
During this special week, students of all ages will have an opportunity to participate in a wide-variety of physical activities, created specifically for each age group including:
[insert a few of your school's highlights of activities]
For more information about May week, visit AAHPERD's media and advocacy webpage dedicated to this nationwide occasion.
About [School]
About AAHPERD
The mission of AAHPERD, an alliance of five national associations, six district associations, and a Research Consortium, is to advance professional practice and promote research related to health and physical education, physical activity, and sport. Founded in 1885, it is the largest organization of professionals involved in physical education, fitness, dance, school health and all specialties related to achieving an active, healthy lifestyle. A nonprofit organization, AAHPERD serves 20,000 members and has its headquarters in Reston, Virginia, 25 miles west of Washington DC. For more information, visit www.aahperd.org.


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Lбmparas solares
How to make a cell phone jammer? In China to buy a small module, so you have a test board, and can be assembled according to their needs a 4g jammer.
Why can not we use the cell phone signal jammer in public places, such as public transport vehicles. Is it illegal to do?
Bluetooth signal is very useful in some situations, but when we prevent some peeping incidents that often needs to phone signal jammer
иү™дёҒзҢ'站笑иҮқеғ"жЏђдң›жњЂеӨҢ的笑иҮқдң›дҢ йЂ‰ж‹©пәЊжҮЏе¤©е"€е"€дёЂз¬'пәЊзә"и§Әз–ІеЉі.
mobile phone jammer used in schools should be legalized because it can contribute to student learning and exam fairness.
Here is a great deal on the Ego C Twist Starter Kit 1300mAh. I bought the original 1100mAh from Fasttech and they are some of the best batteries.
When using the electronic cigarette, vivi nova tank is a good choice, and we love it.


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From a variety of sources below:
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Claims Dismissed in Disney Pooh Case
March 28, 2007
In yet another chapter in the lengthy court case pitting Slesinger family against the Walt Disney Co. over WINNIE THE POOH licensing rights, a federal judge on March 27, 2007, dismissed three claims against Disney, reports THE LA TIMES.
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This page contains Cheats for SuperMom1 organized by sections for iPhone - iPod. SuperMom1 is a Miscellaneous Edutainment game, made by Games2win, released on Jul 15, 2010 and published by Games2win. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates. Note: This apple iPhone game app may also be compatible with the game app for apple iPad.
SuperMom1 iPhone - iPod Cheats
- Developer: Games2win
- Publisher: Games2win
- Genre: Miscellaneous Edutainment
- Release Date: Jul 15, 2010
- ESRB: Not Set
Don't forget to Bookmark this page for the latest SuperMom1 Cheats. At this moment there are no cheats or walkthroughs available for SuperMom1. If you know cheats, secrets, hints or glitches for this game then please Submit them.
Stuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an SuperMom1 expert then please try to help others with their questions.
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Published January 10, 2012, 01:06 PM
Golfers continue to tee off this January
Fergus Falls, Minn. (WDAY TV) - We're enjoying our third 50-degree day in January. I said January. So it's probably fair to say that more golf has been played in the area this winter than any other time in the past. Yes, we said golf.By: WDAY Staff Reports, WDAY


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70847 : OpenSSL ClientHello Handshake Message Parsing Invalid Memory Access Printer | http://osvdb.org/70847 | Email This | Edit Vulnerability
OpenSSL contains a flaw that may allow a remote denial of service. The issue is triggered when an error occurs while parsing malformed ClientHello handshake messages, which may be exploited to trigger an invalid memory access with a crafted ClientHello handshake message. This may allow a remote attacker to cause a denial of service. Certain applications which use SSL may also allow the disclosure of the contents of parsed OCSP extensions.
Upgrade to version 0.9.8r or 1.0.0d or higher, as they have been reported to fix this vulnerability. In addition, the OpenSSL team has released a patch for some older versions.
CVSSv2 Base Score = 5.0 Source: nvd.nist.gov | Generated: 2011-02-21 | Disagree?
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