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Thursday, April 24, 2008
Deploying KDE to 52 million young people
In summary: KDE on Linux has stepped up to become the software platform in the primary school education system in Brazil. That may sound like a bold claim, but the numbers are staggering and speak for themselves:
By the end of this year 29,000 labs serving some 32,000,000 students will be fully deployed and in active use.
By the end of next year (2009) those numbers will have swelled to 53,000 labs serving some 52,000,000 students.
The systems use KDE 3.5 and take full advantage of Debian as well as KDE's Edu and Games projects, use of KDE4 in future implementation is just starting to be explored. Perhaps one of the most interesting aspects of the deployment is how they maximize investment in hardware by putting several heads on each system.
What about the content used on these computers? Go see for yourself.
KDE 3.5 will be supported in the market for many years to come due to deployments such as this one. Looking towards the future, KDE4 will likely make some things even easier for them in the future, such as how to implement the navigation bar they added to the top of desktop as a result of usability research done involving this specific audience. With Plasma, a few lines of JavaScript is all that would be needed.
Brazil is rolling out an additional 150,000 portable machines in their "Um Computador por Aluno" project; those machines are Classmate PCs and though I haven't found out first hand yet what they will be running, my online spelunking seems to indicate they, too, are sporting KDE on Linux.
Brazil is not the only place in the world that things are heating up for Free software and KDE, but this has got to be one of the more exciting publicly announced projects going right now.
In a word, it is humongous.
You can learn more about this expansive project by reading Mauricio's blog entry. I encourage you to head over and take a peak if you haven't already done so.
30 comments:
[quote]The systems use KDE 3.5 and take full advantage of Debian as well as KDE's Edu and Games projects, use of KDE4 in future implementation is just starting to be explored.[/quote]
So you guys better put more focus on KDE4 for Debian, else it may be another desktop that will be installed :D - 24/4/08 05:47
- chani said...
humongously humongous. :D
- 24/4/08 06:06
- Daengbo said...
I was in Thailand when they made a similar announcement several years ago, though it was only around 1M. MS came in, made some back-room deals involving threats of BSA-style audits of the government (Thailand's piracy rate was huge), and the whole year-long movement toward FOSS was derailed in a week.
- 24/4/08 06:06
- Fabrice said...
Normally classmate PC running Linux are running Mandriva with KDE.
'Classmate PC' showcased running Mandriva Linux - 24/4/08 11:24
- Nuno PInheiro said...
Viva o Brazil :)
- 24/4/08 11:28
- Roy Schestowitz said...
Great news, Seigo. ty
- 24/4/08 13:26
- piacentini said...
Notice that afaik there is no decision on the hardware that will be used for the initial UCA run. Brazil made tests with 3 different solutions: OLPC, ClassMate and Mobilis. There was an initial auction and ClassMate won it, but did not reach the price point specified, so it was cancelled. A second auction will occur soon, apparently.
The slide they used show the 3 potential solutions as well:
http://pics.livejournal.com/piacentini/pic/00013056/ - 24/4/08 13:50
- piacentini said...
To Daengbo: Notice that, of course, states and municipalities are free to change the software installed on these machines, even switching to Windows if they want to. But in this case, they loose support. There will always be some conversion rate, but this is the other side of the coin on a democratic government. Someone told me that a few years ago, in the initial labs equipped with Linux in Brazil, there was a 35% conversion rate to Windows. Now in the installations for the previous version of Linux Educacional this number is smaller than 10%, and there is the start of a reverse trend as well, as teachers get used to desktop with the help of KDE and the usability research.
- 24/4/08 14:16
52 million ?! The population of Brazil is 180 mil. I don't think almost 30% of the Brazilian population is a student bellow high school age...
This is another grandiose plan from the Brazilian free software movement that likes to talk a lot and delivers very little.
Who ever heard of any substantial contribution to FOSS that was heavily funded by Brazil's leftist government ? Name one. Name their substantial contribution (via funding) to, say, make the Linux desktop faster.
Besides, the Debian fixation can only be explained by the political clique that surrounds the government (and, by the way, they get huge contracts), when all the world has moved to Ubuntu... - 24/4/08 18:33
First off, great news :)
Second, that Brazil is kinda leading the way isn't so surprising to me due to various issues (like the bank sector in brazil), or more importantly *hint hint* Gobolinux
However I want to comment on one thing:
'With Plasma, a few lines of JavaScript is all that would be needed.'
Who uses Javascript when he can use Ruby or Python? ;-)
Exactly that I can use Ruby is a reason I will happily twiddle with Plasma in the future! (That being said, I think Kde4 isnt as easy-going yet to compile as Kde3. But i am sure these things will be improved on the next few months.) - 24/4/08 19:23
- piacentini said...
While I do not like to respond to anonymous cowards, in 2000 the population of the country was around 170mi, with more than 25% in the age served by primary schools. This was the last official census. I can not find data for 2010, but it is not difficult to imagine it will be around 200 mi or more (growth rate of 1% per year plus in the last decade), and at that percentage the number given by the MEC guys seems close to the mark.
I actually do not care if there are 52million or 5 million, to be honest. Even if there are 10,000 people benefiting from this effort I think it is good for KDE and makes a difference in my motivation to contribute to it. But I can not dispute the claim based on nothing. - 24/4/08 19:58
- Aaron J. Seigo said...
@anonymous: "The population of Brazil is 180 mil. I don't think almost 30% of the Brazilian population is a student bellow high school age..."
the beautiful thing about the internet is that you can research all kinds of things really easily before commenting on them.
25.3% are below the age of 14. another 10% or so are age 15 to 19. so somewhere around 35% of their population is currently high school, elementary or pre-school.
and that's just today: the population is growing quickly there.
"Brazilian free software movement that likes to talk a lot and delivers very little."
there are certainly elements in Brazil that are like that. i've met some of them myself first-hand =) but not everyone there falls into this category.
"Who ever heard of any substantial contribution to FOSS that was heavily funded by Brazil's leftist government ?"
i'm not sure what the alignment of the government has to do with anything here, but i don't think it's really the job of government to fund software development.
it's the government's job to ensure resources are used wisely, that local economy thrives, that sovereignty is maintained. by using free software they create a local market which feeds both persons (potential contributors) as well as money into the free software ecosystem that in turn help drive things forward.
i think they are doing a good job of creating such an evironment in Brazil with initiatives such as this one, and as such can be seen as notable and valuable supporters.
"Name one. Name their substantial contribution (via funding) to, say, make the Linux desktop faster."
the "via funding" is not something i can answer as i don't have that sort of personal knowledge, but i will note that it's a straw man argument because "via funding" is not the only nor even probably the most interesting route for them to support free software.
however, if we look at this particular initiative, i think paying for 150k laptops and 59,000 computer labs is a nice investment into companies that deliver (and therefore are incentivated properly towards) free software solutions.
"Besides, the Debian fixation can only be explained by the political clique that surrounds the government (and, by the way, they get huge contracts),"
i thought you implied the government wasn't funding development? ;)
seriously though, i agree that the debian slant is very much due to the personal leanings of various segments of the community there. this is not surprising, actually. that you disagree with their preferences is your own perogative, but i think it's sad to let that negatively colour your impression of this initiative which is very positive for free software.
"when all the world has moved to Ubuntu..."
Ubuntu's success has been rather, and purposefully, over stated.
there is visible success amongst the vocal enthusiast community and they have also managed to start poking into the mass market areas via tie-ins with, e.g., Dell (though no number emerge). but brand awareness does not necessarily equate to market share (or, for that matter, sustainability).
the *buntu systems are quite good; i use kubuntu on some of the machines here at the house myself. but i think keeping in touch with reality is useful.
in this case that means recognizing that *buntu is an important up-and-comer, but that there are huge amounts of other Free software operating systems out there in real deployments.
that's actually a good thing, even. well, unless you believe in monocultures and limited competition, i suppose. - 24/4/08 20:34
- Aaron J. Seigo said...
@daengbo: "MS came in, made some back-room deals involving threats of BSA-style audits of the government (Thailand's piracy rate was huge), and the whole year-long movement toward FOSS was derailed in a week."
yes, the Thai issue was unfortunate. thankfully this deployment is actually already in place and has good support. it's non-trivial to overturn a deployment of this size after the fact.
i think the free software community and the companies around it have learned a lot from past mistakes, in particular announcing deployments and other commercially relevant successes too soon.
the result is that more and more projects actually take root and are allowed to succeed before they are recognized and flagged as important threats to, e.g., Microsoft. - 24/4/08 20:37
- Aaron J. Seigo said...
@anonymous: "Who uses Javascript when he can use Ruby or Python?"
heh... lots of people, for better or worse. it's great we also have these other languages available to us, but javascript's simplicity, security profile, low overhead coupled with huge market awareness (meaning people who know how to sling it around a bit) often make it a great choice.
but yeah, feel free to s,javscript,$LANGE_OF_CHOICE,g in these blogs =) - 24/4/08 20:39
They should have switched to Apple Mac's. OS X is a better operating system in every way than Lin-sux. Better GUI, better kernal, better hardware. Simply better. Think Different. Think Smarter. Think Apple.
- 24/4/08 21:34
> They should have switched to Apple Mac's. OS X is a better operating system in every way than Lin-sux. Better GUI, better kernal, better hardware. Simply better. Think Different. Think Smarter. Think Apple.
No. Apple is a lot of things but they've never been better. Supporting a small subset of hardware is easy, especially if you control the whole platform and can charge for people's ignorance. - 24/4/08 21:41
re:think different
Apple - the only entity more proprietary than M$. Nothing free about them.
I love the idea of free software as a choice for an entire public school system.
It's about time. - 24/4/08 21:49
For a few years now, kde feels very light on memory usage. I like it because of that, and now something tells me that this is not going to change :)
- 24/4/08 22:12
>Simply better. Think Different.
>Think Smarter. Think Apple.
Wow, do fanbois know all the PR spiel by heart?
Good boy, now roll over.
Rob Enderle - 24/4/08 23:26
- Housebaked said...
As usual, there are some who just can't stand the success Linux is achieving. To me it's not about KDE, Linux etc, but about free software.
Think of the long term effects this will have on the country:
- They'll save a lot of money (firstly)
- Every student in Brazil will have heard about Linux and probably 90% of them will have used it at least once.
- A good percentage will keep on using Linux because of various reasons (brazil is a relatively poor country despite all their natural resources etc.)
- Those that keep using it will pass on the word
- A certain percentage of those will be highly-techy (good for open source)
- They will pass it on to those new to computers..
Probably a bunch more to mention... - 24/4/08 23:29
- segedunum said...
...when all the world has moved to Ubuntu...
I find it really quite sad when people get strange delusions about what they think is happening, because it doesn't do anybody any good. All the world is not moving to xUbuntu (most of the world uses something 'else').
On top of that, while xUbuntu has gained some traction in the open source and Linux using community itself, I cannot find a single verifiable reason as to why all these mythical users are suddenly dropping Windows or other systems for xUbuntu.
It's rather like all that enterprise Linux desktop stuff people started talking about all the years ago. Where are all those users?
Ubuntu (or any other derivative) has managed to be top of distrowatch, and that's about it. - 24/4/08 23:38
"What about the content used on these computers? Go see for yourself."
Yeah...if only I spoke Portuguese! :) - 25/4/08 00:30
Yeah...if only I spoke Portuguese! :)
I speak. That doesn't are the softwares in the distro. It's just a bunch of links to education related projects. - 25/4/08 01:19
I found it kind of funny that someone was complaining about a "political clique" in Brazil's government. Hint: It's a government. Who runs it is selected through something they call "politics". It would be pretty weird if there weren't any "political cliques" involved.
- 25/4/08 05:25
- piacentini said...
To Antonio: Among the links, there are those that are connected to the actual contect. The ProInfo one for example links to the actual .iso images for the distro. The Rived one links to some of the educational interactive objects. And Portal Dominio Publico links to pdf content, for example.
- 25/4/08 14:57
[quote]- They'll save a lot of money (firstly)[/quote]
Even if they spend the same as they would have with a MS/Proprietary platform, In this case, they can choose to have 100% of the money feeding the Brazillian economy, vs being shipped to the United States. - 25/4/08 16:01
Is he just taking about Brazil?
states that as of 2005 the Brazil population is this...
15-64 years: 68.4% (male 64,437,140/female 65,523,447)
so 52 million is most of the population in the age range of 15-64? - 25/4/08 20:48
- I am a lover of children's literature said...
Quickly looking at the wikipedia section, it appears that there is only 47 million, not the 52 million as stated, but then again, I'm rushing through all of this.
The thing that I would like to know is: exactly how many of those young people in this 3rd. rate country are actually in school? Seems to me, I remember a news quote from the BBC stating that only a small percentage of children actually go to school in Brazil?
A lot of the people are just to poor to go to school; a lot of parents don't even think that school is of any value; their children are preferred to stay on the farm, etc.
Things may have changed, of course, but I still find the number of 52,000,000 a little exaggerated at best.
If true, however, it would be a shot in the arm for Linux, but whether that is enough to propel Linux on the desktop, that is another question? Children in school, well, that's still not the same as Windows.
Hopefully, what ever happens, Linux will increase to the point that it can give both Windows and OS X some real competition.
That would be a good thing indeed! - 25/4/08 22:28
cool :)
as far as i know they plan to use Linux in Russian schools and labs too.
I think it has something to do with Microsoft lawsuit against principal of a school for having a pirated winxp on one of his computers which came installed from a computer store.
go linux :) - 26/4/08 06:37
- vlada_oueb_propagande said...
Truly awe inspiring numbers.
Congrats to all.
And as a cherry on the sundae, I went to see a friend this week who was running KDEv4 and wow! We will definitely be rocking 4.1 this summer (and so will be both my parents who are well into their 70's!)
PS: Can you keep up abreast of this story, I would love to read/see more about the brazilian project. - 7/5/08 01:59


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Bad Books Performs at The Space in Hamden on May 6
When singer-songwriter Kevin Devine and Andy Hull of Manchester Orchestra met some years ago, the two formed a friendship that would lead to future artistic collaboration, and that is very good for us. They've work together as Bad Books since 2010, and have just released the project's second record, II. Hull's Manchester Orchestra bandmates help round out the full band, which'll grace the stage at The Space this week.
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BBC Radio 4Thu 26 Jan 2012 11:30 BBC Radio 4 FM only
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As Desert Island Discs celebrates 70 years this month, David Baddiel explores the mercurial life of its very first castaway, entertainer Vic Oliver.
In the early forties presenter Roy Plomley devised a series which has been a constant presence in the choppy waters of radio ever since. The very first broadcast of Desert Island Discs was recorded at the bomb-damaged Maida Vale studios, London, on 27 January 1942. Plomley's guest was Vic Oliver.
In the forties, as a comedian, musician, host and music hall act Oliver was a household name. He'd married Winston Churchill's daughter and found fame appearing on the wartime radio show "Hi Gang" while forging a successful stage career.
During those war years he'd also attracted the attention of the Nazi party who'd included his name on a list of people to be arrested in the event of a successful invasion of Britain, there are also false reports that his mother had perished in a concentration camp despite Oliver confirming in his 1950's autobiography that his mother was alive and well and living in London.
As David Baddiel discovers there's a series of false accounts, myths and contradictions concerning Oliver's personal life, his relationship with the Churchill family, his impact on the world of entertainment along with an untold story of how he appeared to keep his Jewish background private.
With archive of Oliver in conversation and performance, contributors include; Bill Pertwee, Writer Brad Ashton, Theatre Historian Chris Woodward and trumpeter Joan Hinde.
The programme is written by Phil Collinge and produced in Salford by Stephen Garner.
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Capers! They're delicious on bagels with lox and cream cheese. Also, tricky to write well, and often called "heists."
Dan explains the caper/heist format to us using Ocean's Eleven as the model, so we can identify the key elements that are typically present. Brandon explains the key difference between the two styles: In the first, the reader doesn't get the whole plan, and the plan goes off without a hitch. In the second, the reader gets the whole plan, but the plan goes wrong and the team has to improvise. Ocean's Eleven is an example of the first. The Italian Job and Mission Impossible are examples of the second.
One challenge writers face, as opposed to filmmakers, is keeping the reader in the dark for an Ocean's Eleven-style caper without cheating.
We talk about how the formation of a team of experts or specialists is critical to the form, but also works across lots of other forms. Beware using these teams as a substitute for character development, however.
The combined viewing time of our example films is, quite frankly, oppressive. Don't watch them all in one sitting. But if you do, that was all part of our insidious plan to keep you busy while somebody else steals your stuff.
Audiobook Pick-of-the-Week: The Great Train Robbery, by Michael Crichton, narrated by Michael Cumpsty.
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A number of software packages come with extensive testsuites. Some notable ones are glibc, gnulib, Perl, Python, GNU Coreutils, and glib. While these testsuites were written mostly to track regressions in the respective packages, some of the tests fail on the Hurd in general.
There is also the Open POSIX Testsuite which is more of a whole system interface testing suite.
Then, there is the File System Exerciser which we can use to test our file system servers for conformity.
While in some cases these might point to wrong usage of system interfaces, most of the time such failures are actually caused by shortcomings in Hurd's implementation of these interfaces. These shortcomings are often not obvious in normal use, but can be directly or indirectly responsible for all kinds of failures. The testsuites help in isolating such problems, so they can be tracked down and fixed.
This task thus consists in running some of the mentioned testsuites (and/or any other ones that come to mind), and looking into the causes of failures. The goal is to analyze all failures in one or more of the listed testsuites, to find out what shortcomings in the Hurd implementation cause them (if any), and to fix at least some of these shortcomings.
Note that this task somewhat overlaps with the Perl/Python task listed above. Here the focus however is not on improving the support for any particular program, but on fixing general problems in the Hurd.
This is a very flexible task: while less experienced students should be able to tackle at least a few of the easier problems, other issues will be challenging even for experienced hackers. No specific previous knowledge is required for this task; only fairly decent C programming skills. While tracking down the various issues, the student will be digging into the inner workings of the Hurd, and thus gradually gaining the knowledge required for Hurd development in general.
A complementary task is adding a proper unit testing framework to the GNU Hurd's code base, and related packages.
Possible mentors: Samuel Thibault (youpi)
Exercise: Take a stab at one of the testsuite failures, and write a minimal testcase exposing the underlying problem. Actually fixing it would be a bonus of course -- but as it's hard to predict which issues will be easy and which will be tricky, we will already be satisfied if the student makes a good effort. (We hope to see some discussion of the problems in this case though )


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Forums → Newcomers Forum
Posted Oct 24, '08 at 5:24pm
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What the topic says how do I get the picture by my name. Thanks and sorry for a stupid question.
Posted Oct 24, '08 at 5:29pm
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Go to control panel under your name at the top of page and click on armatars!!!! :)
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http://armorgames.com/account/armatars That is were you can change your about and your ARMATAR
Posted Oct 24, '08 at 5:31pm
have a mod delete the 2
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10 Reasons I love Monsanto.
Did I say Monsanto? I meant President Obama.
Here's 10 Reasons I don't love Monsanto, since we're on the subject.
Monsanto is guilty of…
1. Contaminating the global food chain with GMOs.
2. Intimidating small farmers with bullying and lawsuits.
3. Propagating the use of destructive pesticides and herbicides across the globe.
4. Using "Terminator Technology", which renders plants sterile.
5. Attempting to hijack UN climate change negotiations for your own fiscal benefit.
6. Reducing farmland to desert through monoculture and the use of synthetic fertilizers.
7. Inspiring suicides of hundreds of thousands of Indian farmers.
8. Causing birth defects by continuing to produce the pesticide "Round-up"
9. Attempting to bribe foreign officials
10. Infiltrating anti-GMO groups
~ click above for source ~
Bonus: a wonderful rebuttal to pro-Monsanto comment via Reddit:
"How can one contaminate the global food chain with GMOs, when they actually help millions of people from starvation?"
Because you're incorrect about that.
Before I get into details, just start from first principles and follow the chain of logical reasoning.
Corporations want to patent crops and pesticides, so they can:
A) Make more money by raising the price of food and controlling who can grow it; or
B) Give it away for free, to feed millions of starving people with no money
Which one would you guess?
Now for the details.
1. The more nutrients in the crop, the more is taken out of the soil. Many GM crops require expensive fertilizers and simply won't grow in the marginal soil in regions where they are most needed. E.g. Golden Rice, which is not only impractical as a crop but only produces provitamin-A (beta carotene) which isn't sufficiently bioavailable for the malnourished people it is intended for, since it is fat soluble. Multivitamin pills are much cheaper and more effective.
2. The more drought-resistant the crop, the more nutrients are taken out of the soil for non-edible parts, e.g. the root system. A greater percentage of the plant is scaffolding, to support smaller fruits. This increases the price.
3. Pest resistance as it currently stands is almost exclusively focused on incorporating Bt-expressing genes into plants. Bt is a naturally-occurring soil bacterium which creates a toxin that is effective against certain categories of pests. Traditional organic farming practice is to apply Bt at certain strategic times. However, GM crops engineered with Bt express the toxin throughout the plant year-round. This rapidly leads to pest resistance, in the same way as overuse of antibiotics in livestock. Monsanto's Bt Corn is failing, and so is its cotton. The main benefit to Monsanto is that it has effectively destroyed one of the few options available to organic farmers, and can simply start selling a synthetic pesticide now that targets the same pests.
4. PATENTS MAKE COSTS SKYROCKET. If any company were sincere about "feeding the poor" they would not be trying to patent the world's food supply. GM food companies are envious of Big Pharma's profits with patented drugs, and they want to import that IP regime straight into the food system and own it. Just imagine SOPA applying to your food. The legislation required to enforce a patent regime on food will make SOPA look reasonable by comparison.
5. THERE IS NOT A FOOD PRODUCTION SHORTAGE in any country with a working government. All the places with famine problems are precisely the same regions that are hard to get aid into. Wars and political upheaval mean that food aid gets seized by warlords and political factions. It is a distribution problem, not a crop problem. Case in point: Zimbabwe was known as the "Breadbasket of Africa". You have probably heard about them more recently as the place with 100 trillion dollar bills that can't buy a loaf of bread. Mugabe moved in and threw all the white farmers off their land, handing it to his cronies. Except they didn't know how to farm, and now the country is needlessly starving. In a less extreme but related situation, there are homeless, hungry, and starving people in the USA which is a huge exporter of food. It's a political problem, not a lack of production.
The success of Borlaug's selectively-bred (not genetically engineered) crops depended hugely on the abundance of rich, untapped topsoils. Topsoil depletion is a huge issue in first-world agronomies. In the USA, petrochemical fertilizers are used on a massive scale, especially to grow corn.
"Since when are pesticides 'evil'"
It is a certainty that Bt crops create resistant pests, in the same way as overuse of antibiotics creates drug-resistant tuberculosis: http://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/o6i39/totally_drugresistant_a_deadlier_form_of_tb_hits/
It is a certainty that the type of IP laws that will be passed to enforce food patents will be draconian, like SOPA for food.
If you think not being able to order medication from less-expensive pharmacies in Canada is bad, wait until people are trying to order food because Big Agriculture is trying to turn itself into Big Pharma.
Unfortunately, transgenic food allergies mean you will have to worry about anaphylactic shock in places it never existed before. Flounder genes have already been spliced into tomatoes; how long until an apple or banana sets off your allergy to shellfish?
And in the U.S., transgenic food is not even labeled as such.
In addition to that, foods engineered to produce their own pesticides have the potential to make people ill. Starlink corn is only approved for animal feed because of this, but that was a one-off decision; there is no comprehensive regulatory system in the U.S.
It's basically spray-n-pray.
"this is an extremely retarded statement, as if written by children"
Your objection is what Monsanto et al. bank on: the ignorance of otherwise smart people, to help them push their narratives. They want you to focus on all the theoretical benefits like in those old "In The Year 2000″ articles, without understanding which claims are unrealistic and how other ones will be completely undermined by the actual implementation of a worldwide patented food regime.
If you liked this, you might like these:
83 Responses to "10 Reasons I love Monsanto."
i started a petition to be sent to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in response to them having 2 people with ties to Monsanto write policy on GMO's, they removed a nutritionist for opposing their influence on a panel. Please take a moment and sign. http://www.thepetitionsite.com/842/638/856/keep-m…
[...] 9. Attempting to bribe foreign officials 10. Infiltrating anti-GMO groups Source: 10 Reasons I love Monsanto. | elephant journal Wars are caused by undefended wealth – Ernest Hemingway, famous American writer Reply [...]
Thank you Waylan for your support of the GMO Free Movement. Please check out my environmental conflict resolution peace studies research with world renowned environmental activist. Dr. Vandana Shiva at carriestiles.wordpress.com …
Monsanto has deep pockets – enough to control what is reported in the news:
http://www.realfarmacy.com/fox-reporters-fired-fo… -
It's all just a vicious cycle. Someday we will realize we needed the insects they are killing. God put every creature on this earth for a reason. People on this earth are starving because we have done so much harm to the earth with all these chemicals. I don't need any scientific reports to see that. We need the Bee's, the Bat's, the Ants and the Elephants…The only way is to correct all this now. All we can do is keep putting this valuable information out there and hope for the best.
Nathan, check out all the links and references included in this post so you can get a better idea. There's a lot to explain if you're not yet familiar with Monsanto's doings. Too long to fit in a comment, hence the post.
You might also find it interesting that if more people decided not to eat meat there would be a surplus of grain/soy …enough to feed the world. As it stand now, most of the grain raised goes into the feeding of animals and poultry. But where is the profit in that? Makes you want to go hmmmmmm…….
The grains that they give away for "free" are still licensed. That means if they plant it, the next year they have to buy the seed at full price. They can't eat part of the harvest and replant the rest without getting into a lawsuit.
Watch "The Future of Food" on Netflix streaming…It's a great documentary about Monsanto's evil ways.
Statements, no references. Please back up your post with science.
if it's so ok then why not package food that contains gmo? it's not that hard!!!
a start….
Benbrook C. (2001) Do GM crops mean less pesticide use? The Royal Society of Chemistry 204-207.
Chaves M.M. & Oliveira M.M. (2004) Mechanisms underlying plant resilience to water deficits: prospects for water-saving agriculture. Journal of Experimental Botany 55, 2365-2384.
Cunningham S.D. & Ow D.W. (1996) Promises and prospects of phytoremediation. Plant Physiology 110, 715-719.
Daly, M. (2000) Engineering radiation-resistant Bacteria for environmental biotechnology. Current Option in Biotechnology 11, 280-285.
Doty S. (2008) Enhancing phytoremediation through the use of transgenics and endophytes. New Phytologist 179, 318-333.
Dua M., Singh A., Sethunathan N. & Johri A.K. (2002) Biotechnology and bioremediation: successes and limitations. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 59, 143-152.
Dunfield K. E. & Germida J.J. (2004) Impacts of genetically modified crops on soil- and plant-associated microbial communities. Journal of Environmental Quality 33, 806-815.
Eapen S. & D'Souza S.F. (2005) Prospects of genetic engineering of plants for phytoremediation of toxic metals. Biotechnology Advances 23, 97-114.
Eckardt N.A., Cominelli E., Galbiati M. & Tonelli C. (2009) Future of food and science: food and water for life. The Plant Cell 21, 368-372.
Fernandez-Cornejo J. & McBride W.D. (2000) Genetically engineered crops for pest management in U.S. agriculture: farm-level effects. USDA Report 786 1-23. < http://www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/> 31 March 2010.
Gianessi L & Carpenter J. (2000) Agricultural biotechnology: insect control benefits. NCFAP 1-98. < ;http://www.ncfap.org/> 1 April 2010.
Givens W.A., Shaw D.R., Kruger G.R., Johnson W.G., Weller S.C., Young B.G., Wilson R.G. Owen M.D.K. & Jordan D. (2009) Roundup ready crops have major positive impacts on tillage practices. Weed Technology 23, 150-155.
James C. (2008) Global status of commercial biotech/GM crops: 2008. ISAA Brief 39 1-275. < ;http://www.isaaa.org/> 3 April 2010.
Lovely D. (2003) Cleaning up with genomics: applying molecular biology to bioremediation. Nature Reviews Microbiology 1, 35-44.
Phipps R.H. & Park J.R. (2002) Environmental benefits of genetically modified crops: global and European perspective on their ability to reduce pesticide use. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 11, 1-18.
Pulford I.D. & Watson C. (2003) Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated land by trees- a review. Environment International 29, 529-540.
Qaim M. & Zilberman D. (2003) Yield effect of genetically modified crops in developing countries. Science 299, 900-902.
Sayler G. S. & Ripp S. (2000) Field applications of genetically engineered microorganisms for bioremediation processes. Current Options in Biotechnology 11, 286-289.
Tilman D., Cassman K.G., Matson P.A., Naylor R. & Polasky S. (2002) Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature 418, 671-677.
Trewavas A. (2004) A critical assessment of organic farming-and-food assertions with particular respect to the UK and the potential environmental benefits of no-till agriculture. Crop Production 23, 757-781.
Vinocur B. & Altman A. (2005) Recent advances in engineering plant tolerance to abiotic stress: achievements and limitations. Current Options in Biotechnology 16, 123-132.
Wake D.B. & Vredenburg V.T. (2008) Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. PNAS 105, 11466-11473.
Wang W., Vinocur B. & Altman A. (2003) Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: toward genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta 218, 1-14.
White C., Sharman A.K. & Gadd G.M. (1998) An integrated microbial process for bioremediation of soils contaminated with toxic metals. Nature Biotechnology 16, 572-575.
Wolfenbarger L.L. & Phifer P.R. (2000) The ecological risks and benefits of genetically engineered plants. Science 290, 2088-2093.
Wu C.H., Wood T.K., Mulchandani A. & Chen W. (2006) Engineering plant-microbe symbiosis for rhizoremediation of heavy metals. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, 1129-1134.
I appreciate your asking This is from a project I did for a critical thinking class at CU a while back. Good Stuff
Thank you for mentioning this!! The FDA and USDA has been in bed with Monsanto for many, many years. Unfortunately, Obama is keeping up the trend. So disappointing.
Thanks, I'll check them out.


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Red Cross launches new app
The American Red Cross has launched the Team Red Cross App, which allows people to sign up to help, get an overview on basic tasks and receive notifications about Red Cross disaster volunteer opportunities in their community.
The organization announced the app last week.
"When people see an emergency happening in their community, they often want to help but may not know how," said Louise Welch Williams, regional chief executive officer of the American Red Cross Palmetto SC Region. "The Team Red Cross App provides an easy and quick way for people to sign up to help the Red Cross and support their community."
Once users download the app, they create an account. Then they learn about different jobs, such as working in a warehouse, handing out supplies or assisting with feeding.
When the Red Cross has a need for volunteers, the Team Red Cross App will notify users based on their location. Potential volunteers can instantly accept or decline the volunteer opportunity.
The Red Cross is encouraging the public to download the app before a disaster strikes in South Carolina so volunteers can help immediately.
The app is free and designed for iPhone and Android smart phones and tablets. Additional features include:
• A quick orientation right on the mobile device.
• Ability for people to share notifications for volunteers with their social network.
• Earn digital "badges" by completing a job test, accepting a job, sharing the app, recruiting volunteers, etc. The "badges" can then be shared with their social network.
• Allows people to donate money to the Red Cross and sign up to donate blood.
• Offers emergency response information that people can share with their friends at the touch of a button.
The Team Red Cross App is the seventh in a series of successful Red Cross apps, which are now on more than 3 million mobile devices across the country.
Nearly one-fifth of Americans say they've received some kind of emergency information from an app they've downloaded, making the Red Cross apps an important way for the public to get ready for disasters.
The Team Red Cross App can be found in the Apple App Store and the Google Play Store by searching for American Red Cross or by going to redcross.org/mobileapps.


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< Return To Hearing
The Honorable Charles GonzalezJanuary 12, 2006
Testimony of U.S. Representative Charles A. Gonzalez (D-TX) Confirmation Hearing of Judge Samuel A. Alito, Jr. Chairman Specter, Ranking Member Leahy and Members of the Committee. On behalf of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus (CHC), I thank you for the opportunity to testify on the confirmation of Judge Samuel A. Alito, Jr. to the Supreme Court of the United States. Today, I am representing the Caucus in my capacity as the Chairman of its Hispanic Judiciary Initiative and Task Force on Civil Rights. The Congressional Hispanic Caucus' policy with respect to the evaluation of nominees for judicial vacancies requires an extensive examination of each nominee's record and background in order to assess the following: his or her commitment to equal justice and right of access to the courts, his or her support for Congress' constitutional authority to pass civil rights legislation, and his or her efforts in support of protecting employment, immigrant and voting rights, as well as educational and political access for all Americans. Although we originally adopted this process to consider Hispanic nominees we now apply this process to all nominees for judicial posts including Supreme Court vacancies. Due consideration is given to the nominee's honesty, integrity, character and intellect with special emphasis on concerns specific to the Latino community such as equal justice and advancement opportunities for Hispanics. We require each nominee have a demonstrated commitment to protecting the rights of ordinary residents of the United States, through professional work, pro bono work, and volunteer activities. We also require a commitment to preserving and expanding the progress that has been made on civil rights and individual liberties. These include rights protected through core provisions of the Constitution, such as the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses, First and Fourth Amendments, and the right to privacy, as well as statutory provisions that protect Latinos' legal rights in such fundamental areas as education, voting, affirmative action, employment and contracting. In all, we make every effort to research a nominee's background and examine his or her decisions and writings. We then discuss the relevant findings to decide on whether to favor or oppose a nominee's confirmation or to remain neutral and take no position. Our process is also assisted by the excellent work of many legal and advocacy organizations. They provide a critical service by further evaluating and commenting on the nominees' legal opinions and background, and the consequences for the Latino community. Their work has afforded our members the opportunity for more in-depth discussions about nominees and their qualifications for judicial posts. Congressional Hispanic Caucus members know that the nomination of a new Supreme Court Justice has significant ramifications not just for Hispanics but for all Americans. Therefore, great effort is made through our Initiative and Task Force to consider fully a nominee's qualifications for the Court, as well as the implications his or her ascendancy would have on the civil and constitutional rights of all Americans and their expectation of equal protection under the law. Our positions on nominations are not arrived at lightly or without thorough deliberation. As part of my responsibilities as Chair of the Hispanic Judiciary Initiative, I evaluated Judge Alito's qualifications and background, applied the Caucus' stated criteria and considered the opinions of respected Latino leaders and members of the legal, academic and advocacy community. Allow me to highlight a few areas that cause the Hispanic Caucus great concern for they provided significant insight into how Judge Alito's approach and philosophy would determine his rulings from the bench: Pemberthy v. Beyer 19 F. 3d 857 (3d Cir. 1994) In the 1994 case of Pemberthy v. Beyer, Judge Alito issued a decision as a member of the Third Circuit Court of Appeals that had the effect of barring many Latinos from serving on juries in cases in which Spanish-language evidence is at issue. In Pemberthy, the prosecution's case featured testimony in Spanish that was translated by the police and used in translation by prosecutors in presenting their case. In selecting jurors, prosecutors exercised peremptory challenges to strike five jurors who understood Spanish. The prosecutors indicated they barred these jurors because jurors who speak Spanish might not credit the official, State-provided translations of the evidence and may use their special knowledge to glean additional information from the evidence. After being convicted in New Jersey state court, the defendants petitioned the federal district court for review. The district court in New Jersey overturned the convictions, holding in part that dismissing Latino jurors because they can understand Spanish is tantamount to dismissing them based on race and is therefore unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The State of New Jersey appealed to the Third Circuit, where Judge Alito heard the case and wrote the majority opinion, which reinstated the convictions. Judge Alito held that the Constitution does not prohibit a trial attorney from dismissing jurors because of their proficiency in Spanish when translations of evidence are at issue. Clearly, not all Americans who are proficient in Spanish are Latinos, and not every potential juror dismissed on this basis will be Latino. But a clear majority of Spanish-speakers in America are Hispanic, and a substantial segment of the Latino community in this country is Spanish speaking. The rule of law applied in Pemberthy, therefore, clearly acts to prevent Spanish-speaking Latino litigants from enjoying equal access to justice in America by not being heard by a jury of their peers and allows language to serve as a pretext to discriminate on the basis of ethnicity. Voting Rights Act Jenkins v. Manning 116 F.3d 685 (3d Cir. 1997) Constitutional Rights of Immigrants 1986 Memo to FBI Director William Webster What is noteworthy in this instance is that Judge Alito's legal opinion in his communication to the FBI Director fails to mention Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982), a case regarding undocumented immigrant students who were barred from Texas schools in violation of their equal protection rights. The Plyler Court expressly held that education is not a fundamental right but that undocumented immigrants have equal protection rights in this context despite the right being "non-fundamental." Plyler was decided four years prior to Alito's letter to the FBI Director, but he ignores it entirely and chooses to cite older cases that were not directly relevant to the legal question presented but which suggested limited readings of the availability of constitutional protections for undocumented immigrants. I am concerned that Judge Alito's misstatement of the law regarding the constitutional rights of non-citizens may reflect a tendency on his part to disfavor constitutional protections for undocumented immigrants, many of whom are Hispanic. The nominee's bias against expansive interpretations of the constitutional protections properly afforded to undocumented immigrants might be considered predictive of a willingness to overturn Supreme Court precedent, like Plyler, that has favored expansive views of the constitutional protections afforded to non-citizens of the United States. Furthermore, the effects of the application of Judge Alito's restrictive and aggressive legal analysis raises concerns regarding the extent to which he might, as a Supreme Court Justice, permit the government to mistreat both nonresident aliens outside of the United States and undocumented immigrants within the United States. Limiting Commerce Clause Application United States v. Rybar, 103 F.3d 273 (3d Cir. 1996). Raymond Rybar, a licensed firearm dealer, challenged his indictment for a violation of the federal Firearm Owners' Protection Act. At issue was whether Congress has the authority to regulate the possession and/or transfer of machine guns under the Commerce Clause of the Constitution. Writing in dissent, Judge Alito noted that the federal statute in question regulated "the purely intrastate possession of firearms" and that Congress made no findings regarding the link between the regulation of machine guns and interstate activity. Purporting to apply United States v. Lopez, Judge Alito found that the federal government exceeded its regulatory authority under the Commerce Clause such that indictments under the Firearm Owners' Protection Act are invalid. Judge Alito suggests that Congress could regulate the private possession of machine guns if Congress makes findings that "the purely intrastate possession of machine guns has a substantial effect on interstate commerce." The Rybar majority explicitly rejected Judge Alito's interpretation of the Commerce Clause. Citing a long line of Supreme Court precedent, the majority held that "Supreme Court cases have long sustained the authority of Congress to regulate singular instances of intrastate activity when the cumulative effect of a collection of such events might ultimately have substantial effect on interstate commerce." The majority also holds that the congressional regulation of firearms is supported by substantial historical legislative findings and that "we find no authority" to require that Congress demonstrate a specific link between the subject matter regulated and the regulation in question. "[M]aking such a demand of Congress or the Executive runs counter to the deference that the judiciary owes to its two coordinate branches of government, a basic tenet of the constitutional separation of powers," the Rybar majority noted. If Judge Alito's view of the Commerce Clause as manifested in his Rybar dissent becomes settled federal law, it will curtail federal power to regulate civil rights under the Commerce Clause, which has been the constitutional vehicle for much federal civil rights legislation. Title VII Employment Discrimination Bray v. Marriott Hotels, 110 F.3d 986 (3d Cir. 1997). Faced with uncertainty regarding the motivations of the manager in making a promotion decision, the majority held that "a fact finder should determine why [the employer] felt that [the employee] was not qualified or 'capable of doing the job'" and decide whether the proffered reason was a pretext that concealed discriminatory motivations. The majority noted that "[a] reasonable jury could conclude from [management's statements] that the decision to reject her and interview [the white candidate] was driven by racial bias and not by the explanations offered by Marriott." In his Bray dissent, Judge Alito established an elevated standard that plaintiffs must meet to survive summary judgment in Title VII cases. Even when an employee shows that an employer has not followed its own policies and has made an employment decision based in unclear motivations, the employee's Title VII action should not survive summary judgment. The plaintiff, in essence, is denied an opportunity to explore the employer's underlying motivation in court. The Bray majority strongly criticized Judge Alito's dissenting Title VII analysis: Under Judge Alito's Title VII analysis established in Bray, minorities' ability to pursue fair employment under Title VII would be severely curtailed. There may be a good faith disagreement as to the appropriate parameters limiting the types of questions asked of the nominee by this committee, but no one would argue that questions establishing a nominee's judicial philosophy are universally contemplated under advice and consent. The Hispanic Caucus believes the cases earlier cited, Judge Alito's 1986 memo, and other judicial opinions are powerful indicators of his judicial philosophy. We believe it reflects an approach that (1) can conveniently ignore precedent; and (2) favors strained readings of the law to the detriment of individual rights and statutory remedies. It is a judicial philosophy that pushes the judicial envelope of strict constructionism to the point where the letter of the law is viewed and weighed without any consideration for the spirit of the law. The CHC is aware that political, social and economic forces in any society play to the advantage of the employer over the employee, the able-bodied over the disabled, the citizen over the immigrant, the majority over the minority, the wealthy over the poor and the state over the individual. But in the United States it has been the third branch of government, the judicial branch, which has countered the tendency to abuse this innate "advantage" by acting as the great equalizer regardless of one's status. For the CHC, the desired judicial philosophy is a simple one and is best expressed in Bernard Malamud's work "The Fixer": The CHC does not believe that Judge Alito's writings and decisions embrace this simple but profound judicial sentiment. We do not argue that he possesses a brilliant legal mind and has had an accomplished career. But this is not the controlling issue, the issue is what judicial philosophy guides and motivates such a gifted and talented person in his decision making process. In the end this should not be a question of party affiliation, or conservative versus liberal beliefs...any Republican, Democrat, conservative or liberal should share a judicial compass that points them to the inevitable truth that indeed "if the law does not protect you" then it protects no one. |
Mr. Stephen L. Tober, Esq.
The Honorable Judge Edward Becker The Honorable Anthony Scirica The Honorable Maryanne Trump Barry The Honorable Ruggero Aldisert The Honorable Leonard Garth The Honorable John Gibbons The Honorable Timothy Lewis Ms. Edna Ball Axelrod Prof. Michael Gerhardt Mr. Peter Kirsanow Prof. Samuel Issacharoff Mr. Carter Phillips Prof. Goodwin Liu The Honorable Judge Edward Becker Prof. Nora Demleitner Prof. Erwin Chemerinsky Ms. Beth Nolan The Honorable Charles Fried Prof. Laurence Tribe Prof. Anthony Kronman Mr. Fred Gray Ms. Kate Michelman Prof. Ronald Sullivan, Jr. Prof. Amanda Frost Prof. John Flym Ms. Kate Pringle The Honorable Charles Gonzalez The Honorable Debbie Wasserman Schultz Mr. Jack White Mr. Reginald M. Turner, Jr. Mr. Theodore Shaw The Honorable Russ Feingold |


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UNT Home | Undergraduate Majors and Interests | College of Engineering | Information Technology
Computer Engineering
emphasizes designing computer systems.
Information Systems
emphasizes business systems.
Electrical Engineering Technology
emphasizes a broad base in maintaining computer systems.
Phone: 940-565-2681
E-mail: email@example.com
Phone: 940-565-2767
Undergraduate Majors and Interests
Want to ensure a companys information remains safe? Have a desire to create computer networks? Are you familiar with web programming languages? Then you should pursue a Bachelor of Arts degree in Information Technology at the University of North Texas.
Information technology applies modern technologies to the creation, management and use of information. IT professionals perform a variety of duties ranging from installing applications to designing complex computer networks and information databases. Possible career opportunities include:
The Department of Computer Science and Engineerings IT degree program provides you with computer science skills while offering more flexibility, fewer math and science requirements, and a supporting area that can be outside of computer science. Many people with course credit in another area will receive more transfer credits in this major.
This is an applied major focusing on topics such as database management, project management and web development. As you progress toward your degree, you will have the flexibility to:
Our game design program is one of the nations best undergraduate programs according to The Princeton Review and GamePro magazine. Engineering students work with students from the College of Visual Arts and Design to create 2D and 3D games, learn physics simulation and perform research.
We are one of the few public universities in Texas that offers a bachelors degree in IT. Ours is the only IT program eligible for engineering accreditation from ABET (111 Market Place, Suite 1050; Baltimore, Md. 21202; telephone 410-347-7700). This accreditation recognizes the degree program for its strong technical components.
You will learn from faculty members who have been recognized by the National Science Foundation and earned the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers. Their research areas include computer networks and security, computer science theory, computer systems, software engineering, user-centric design, very-large-scale integration and computer-aided design.
The department operates several top-ranked centers and laboratories to help you complete course work and conduct research. They include the:
The Net-Centric Software and Systems Center was selected as the 2012 Tech Titan of the Future at the university-level by the Metroplex Technology Business Council. The award recognizes higher education institutions in the Dallas-Fort Worth region that encourage and support students in choosing engineering and technology-related disciplines.
A Residents Engaged in Academic Living Community (REAL Community) brings together engineering students who live on campus to enhance academic and social experiences.
Located 4.5 miles north of the main campus and serviced by a free shuttle, Discovery Park houses the College of Engineering and the computer science and engineering department. This 300-acre research facility pulls together academic laboratories, offices and classrooms to maximize the potential for creativity, collaboration and technology innovation. Our students prepare for engineering careers that solve societal problems, advance technology and improve quality of life for people everywhere.
Your required course work is divided into university core courses (30 credit hours), College of Engineering core courses (18 credit hours), computer science and engineering required courses (42 credit hours), concentration area courses (9 credit hours) and supporting area courses (21 credit hours).
The College of Engineerings core requirements encompass two laboratory science courses, two math courses and a technical writing course. A 2.75 GPA is required for all advanced computer science and engineering courses.
Our Career Center, Learning Center and professional academic advisors are among the many valuable resources that are available to you at UNT. The Career Center can provide advice about internships, future employment opportunities and getting hands-on experience in your major. The Learning Center offers workshops on speed reading, study skills and time management. Academic advisors will help you plan your class schedule each semester.
We encourage you to fulfill the graduation requirements for the Texas Recommended or Distinguished Achievement Program or the equivalent in high school.
In your junior year, take the SAT or the ACT and have your scores sent to UNT.
In your senior year, apply for admission at Apply Texas by March 1 and request that your high school transcript be sent to the UNT admissions office.
Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate courses can count toward college credit at UNT.
If youre attending a Texas community college, you should consult our Transfer Articulation web page, the UNT Undergraduate Catalog and an academic counselor/advisor to review your degree plan. Proper planning will help you receive the maximum amount of transfer credits.
Our Transfer Center will help you make a successful transition to college life at UNT by connecting you with a peer mentor and other campus resources. More than 3,500 students transfer to UNT each year. The center is in the University Union, Room 320.


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Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) provides the nation with world-class research based on fundamental science and applied R&D. These scientific advancements also impact and drive the global marketplace, strengthening U.S. competitiveness and supporting economic development in our communities. Breakthrough technologies and scientific innovation often result in intellectual property that further supports business and the transition of science to the marketplace. We capture this intellectual property in patents and copyrights and eagerly work with companies to license inventions so that these technologies become industrial products, services, and consumer goods.
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Video: Top News
Clouds threaten to spoil Australia's solar eclipse (1:15)
Nov. 13 - Looming clouds threaten to spoil the view for those hoping to catch a glimpse of a solar eclipse in Queensland, Australia. Travis Brecher reports. ( Transcript )
Reuters TV Shows
About Reuters TV
Hard-edged reporting, insight and analysis, Reuters TV breaks ground creating informative news and financial videos. Showcasing Reuters' 3000 award-winning journalists, Reuters TV delivers high-energy investigative journalism with concise explanations. Check it out and let us know what you think.


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Home-->Virtual Research Guides-->Philosophy & Religion Virtual Research Guide: Resources in this research guide include digital reference books and Internet sites covering the areas of philosophy and religion. The materials included in this guide would be generally classified in the 100s and 200s of the Dewey Decimal System. |
Encyclopaedia Judaica. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik, Eds. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 18015 pp. 22 vols. Provides an exhaustive and organized overview of Jewish life and knowledge from the Second Temple period to the contemporary State of Israel, from Rabbinic to modern Yiddish literature, from Kabbalah to "Americana" and from Zionism to the contribution of Jews to world cultures, Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd edition is important to scholars, general readers and students. |
Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Donald Borchert, Ed. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2006. 7799 pp. 10 vols. English-language reference source for philosophy," has been the cornerstone of the philosophy reference shelf. Lauded for its clear and accessible presentation of wide-ranging philosophical subjects, the Encyclopedia has earned its place as a first-stop resource for general readers, students and educators. |
Encyclopedia of Religion. Lindsay Jones, Ed. 2nd ed. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005. 10735 pp. 15 vols. The second edition of a resource that is considered a standard reference in the field. Presents a cross-cultural approach that emphasizes religion's role within everyday life and as a unique experience from culture to culture. The original 2,750 entries have been retained, many heavily updated, and approximately 600 entirely new articles have been added by an international team of scholars and contributors. |
World Religions Reference Library. Michael O'Neal and J. Jones, Eds. Detroit: UXL, 2007. 6 vols. Religion influences the views and actions of many people, in both political and personal ways. To make sense of many historical and current events, to learn how many people find meaning and purpose in their lives, students and the general public need to understand the development and doctrines of the world's religions. UXL's World Religions Reference Library meets the demand for a thorough, objective resource covering the history, traditions and worldviews of dominant and less prominent religions and their sects and offshoots. The two Almanac volumes focus on Christianity, Islam, Sikhism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism. Less traditional and practiced religions are also included such as Shinto and Daoism. The two Biographies volumes cover the lives and influence of key figures in various religions and religious movements throughout history. Biography entries include Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad, Martin Luther, Moses, Black Elk, Gandhi, Mother Theresa and others. The Primary Sources volume excerpts and explains scriptures, spiritual writings and other sources that allow students to gain an appreciation of the core beliefs of the world's religions. Includes a separately published comprehensive index. |
A Dictionary of Philosophical Terms & Names |


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I have to suspend activities on our deck for a while until the robin hatches the eggs she laid in her nest on the end of a log which is part of our deck.
Sure sign of spring
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This page contains Cheats for Dead To Rights 2 organized by sections for Xbox. Dead To Rights 2 is a Action Shooter Third-Person game, made by Namco, released on Apr 12, 2005 and published by Namco. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates.
Dead To Rights 2 Xbox Cheats
- Developer: Namco
- Publisher: Namco
- Genre: Action Shooter Third-Person
- Release Date: Apr 12, 2005
- ESRB: Mature
Completion bonuses......
From: poke-tacticsGlitches
I've only noticed this in one place, and it's when you are chasing Steve Houstown. When your chasing him look for metal fences that are taller then you and have a building that in beside it, go up to it and hold R1 and you may or may not target an enemy thats on the other side of the building around the corner. If the target is green, orange, or re...
From: DabiRubinskiyStuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an Dead To Rights 2 expert then please try to help others with their questions.
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01. Fight Til You Die
02. Date With Destiny
03. Get A Life
05. Final Day
06. Broken
07. Running Out Of Time
08. You'll Never Make It
09. Every Time
11. What If I
12. Go Away
13. Did You Really
14. Bro Hymn Tribute
Full Circle (re-issue)
These re-issues have been digitally remastered for your listening pleasure. Finally hear these classic Pennywise albums the way they were meant to be heard!
Full Circle is the emotional and pivotal album that followed the tragic death of founding member and bassist Jason Mathew Thirsk. Dedicated to the memory of Thirsk, Full Circle is hard as nails, reflective and ultimately redemptive. Despite the somber task at hand, the record is exhilarating and uplifting . With the help of long time friend Randy Bradbury on bass, Pennywise was able to look inward and work through the issues that would have torn a lesser band apart. Full Circle also features a moving re-recording of "Bro Hymn" and a special hidden piano instrumental of Unknown Road.
The Menzingers Voted #1 Best of 2012 More
New Pennywise Album In Stores Today More
Pennywise Team With XBOX Live For Album... More
No: #86739
US Rel. Date: 04/22/1997
EU Rel. Date: 04/08/1997
Type: Full
Average Fan Rating: 5.00


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Hi !
I'm using that component. It's very good to my routines. But a problem has happened: When I put mouse on graphical environment and press key F2, so it 's lunching total cad to front my application. Is it possible avoid that happen ?
I want to say, disable F2 from autoCad ? I'm using 2010 version.
Thanks !
Nobody knows ?
I 'd like a simple direction.
Thanks !
Try looking up "shortcut keys" in the help.
In the CUI editor you can assign the "Cancel" which contains "^C^C" in the macro to the "F2" Key.
Thanks! I'll try !
Hi Andrew, unhappylli I did not get yet.
What did you try? Write out the steps.
Maybe attach a screen shot.
Log into access your profile, ask and answer questions, share ideas and more. Haven't signed up yet? Register
Start with some of our most frequented solutions to get help installing your software.
Visual LISP, AutoLISP and General Customization |
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text:
The Shorter Works and Pamphlets of Lysander Spooner vol. I (1834-1861) (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2010).
This is a facsimile or image-based PDF made from scans of the original book.
A version compatible with Kindle (Mobi format).
This text-based PDF or EBook was created from the HTML version of this book and is part of the Portable Library of Liberty.
This is a compilation of Spooner's shorter works on deism, law, poverty, the post office, and money, which were published between 1834 and 1861.
Liberty Fund, Inc. is a private, educational foundation established to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals.
The text is in the public domain.
This material is put online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. Unless otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material may be used freely for educational and academic purposes. It may not be used in any way for profit.


text:
Allinea environment products work in harmony through an intuitive common interface. Moving between tools in the Allinea environment is as fluid and natural as can be, increasing tool uptake and reducing the need for training courses.
Allinea Software is well-known in HPC for its beautiful, intelligent interfaces, world-class performance at the very largest scales and incredibly helpful, open support staff. The Allinea environment gets you the answers you need to get back to doing science.
The leading graphical debugging tool for scientists and software engineers developing parallel applications on CPUs and GPUs.
Its powerful diagnostic capability, intuitive graphical interface and lightning performance - even on the largest systems - combine to make Allinea DDT the preferred tool for users in research, academia and industry in the US, Europe and Asia.
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text:
Luke Andrew Johnsos
Position: E
Height: 6-2 Weight: 195 lbs.
Born: December 6, 1905 in Chicago, IL
Died: December 10, 1984 in Evanston, IL
College: Northwestern (school history)
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 0 (14415th overall since 1950)
2-time First-Team All-Pro (fine print)
Promote your website or business by sponsoring this page for $5 on Pro-Football-Reference.com. Your message will replace this ad.
Output includes all games from 1940 to 2013.


text:
Purchasing Services
400 Washington Avenue
Room 148
Towson, Maryland 21204
Fax: 410-828-7914
Hours of operation: Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Email your questions or comments to: firstname.lastname@example.com.
The mission of the Purchasing and Disbursements Division is to insure that the procurement process of Baltimore County is completed in an efficient and effective manner and conforms to the highest ethical standards in the industry. The Purchasing and Disbursements Division subscribes to the Code of Ethics of the National Institute of Governmental Purchasing, Incorporated and is a charter member of the Maryland Public Purchasing Association.
Baltimore County Procurement Overview
Provides insight on the County's procurement processes outlining how and what the county buys, procurement methods used, items that have an impact on the procurement award processes and the purchasing staff. It is a procurement overview of the County's Purchasing Division and Department of Public Works.
Bid Results
Bid results are now available online. For your convenience, all bid results will be posted for thirty (30) days after the bid opening date and time. If you have any additional questions regarding the solicitation or the results, please contact the buyer responsible for the bid.
Contract Forecast
Use the "All Contracts Due to expire" (PDF) report to prepare for upcoming contracts. The report provides a breakdown by buyer and identifies contracts with a renewal option of one year or less.
Current Solicitations
Baltimore County's current bid opportunities are listed on our Current Solicitations page. This page is updated frequently, so be sure to stop by often for any new information. Additionally, please be sure to sign up for our weekly e-mail notification of the newest bid opportunities.
Request Email Notification
We need your email address. Please complete the form if you would like Baltimore County to notify you by email when the Purchasing Division issues new solicitations.
Frequently Asked Questions
Find answers to frequently asked procurement questions such as "What does 'good standing' mean?" and "How do I become prequalified to do business with Baltimore County?"
Minority and Women Business Enterprises
Baltimore County has made it a priority to encourage the growth and expansion of minority and women-owned businesses and ensure that our contractor pool accurately reflects the communities we serve. Our goal of participation of those businesses on all County contracts is 15 percent. This is a serious goal and another example of our ongoing effort to ensure that every individual has the chance to own a successful business.
Vendor Registration
New and current vendors looking to create or update their company profile, please contact Purchasing's Help Desk at email@example.com or 410-887-4910.
Revised December 5, 2013


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Plumasnews.com includes a sampling of stories that are featured in the weekly editions of Feather Publishing newspapers plus important breaking news as it happens. To get all the news that is important to Plumas County, subscribe to one of our weekly newspapers by calling 530-283-0800. |
At an October meeting, Plumas County Public Health Director Mimi Hall told the Board of Supervisors her department automatically enrolls children receiving free lunch at schools in MediCal.
Hall said the effort began when a 2008 research report, written in collaboration with the Sierra Institute, supported her department's previous assumptions about a lack of healthcare coverage.
"We have too many people in our communities, both in the state and in our county, who are uninsured, underinsured or sometimes spend half the year insured and not insured," she reported.
"That lack of healthcare coverage isn't just having an impact on the individuals. It's also having an impact on the viability of our local district hospitals."
The department head said Eastern Plumas Health Care in particular was "struggling with cash flow."
The board heard that the hospital's ideal goal was to have 30 days' cash on hand but struggled to have one day's cash on hand.
Hall's department has focused on increasing enrollment in MediCal and Medicare by making it a priority in many different but related efforts without expending extra funds specifically for that purpose.
Part of the effort was something called "express enrollment" that allows certain public entities to share eligibility information.
Hall indicated she "changed the federal school lunch application to actually serve as a MediCal application," because "every child who's eligible for free school lunch is eligible for MediCal."
There are many kinks to be worked out, but in the first six weeks of school, 36 children were enrolled in MediCal through the program.
"When they turn in their school lunch application, within five days they get a benefits card in the mail.
"We contact these families and we assist them in getting permanent coverage. So it's not just those 36 kids because those 36 kids also have parents and family members."
Apart from that program, Hall's department is preparing for the changes that will come with federal health reform.
She said much was still unknown, but there would be considerable healthcare funding for prevention. Funds for rural health and local health departments are slated to arrive in 2011.
Chairwoman Sherrie Thrall commended Hall for the department's work on health coverage. "I know you'll continue to be on the cutting edge of all of these things because you always have been, and I think that's why you've managed to stay funded as well as you have through the last couple years."
- California Outdoors for the week of 3/6/2014
- Wife pleads guilty to 2011 murder of Susanville police officer
- Obituaries for the week of 3/7/2014
- Remember When for the week of 3/7/2014
- Graphic design student from Portola wins national award
- Business Scene for the week of 3/7/2014
- Chester girls lose final game of season
- Special turkey hunting opportunities offered in CDFW's North Central Region
- Chester Public Utility District appoints new board member
- Business trip to LA was worth the time; will pay rewards
Sports Headlines
Chester girls lose final game of season
James Wilson
Sports Editor
"Well, we didn't really play that well the first half," said Chester girls' basketball coach John Potter on the Lady...
Tigers' season ends with loss to Modoc
James Wilson
Sports Editor
Portola, the No. 11 seed in the Division V basketball playoffs, traveled to sixth-seeded Modoc last Wednesday to compete in...
Special turkey hunting opportunities offered in CDFW's North Central Region
Feather Publishing 3/7/2014 Hunters seeking opportunities during the upcoming spring turkey season can visit the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's Upland...
Read More...


text:
Monday | Potomac Local
Drivers Towed, Want More Advanced Notice of Snow Emergencies
Some residents of Dumfries say they didn't have enough warning that their car would be towed during a recent snow storm.
Trending on the Topix Network
2 killed in Prince William County car crash
Prince William County police officers are investigating a fatal car accident that occurred in the area of Dumfries Road and Minnieville Road on Sunday morning.
Prince William County crime report
Chesapeake Dr., 3100 block, 2:33 p.m. Feb. 24. A man reportedly hit a 4-year-old girl several times with an electrical cord.
Dumfries Employee Resigns, Runs for Town Council
The 37-year-old has spent the last two and a half years serving Dumfries in her weekday job planning town events such as the annual Multi-Cultural Festival in the spring, Fall Festival, and the Christmas Parade.
Polar Plunge Saturday: Freezing for a Reason
Courtesy Prince William County Government: Members of the Prince William County Police Department are set to splash around in some very cold water in the interest of supporting the Special Olympics during the Polar Plunge on Saturday, Feb. 22, at Tim's Rivershore Restaurant near Dumfries.
You Can Now View Archived Videos of Dumfries Town Council Meetings
The town is now archiving videos of its meetings on its public website. A message posted on the town's website today instructs viewers how to access videos of previous Town Council meetings, starting with the most recent Feb. 18 meeting.
The Prince William County School Board unanimously approved a plan to make up 14.7 hours of missed instruction time due to weather-related closings and delays.
Dumfries Town Manager Continues Work During Recovery from Fall
Last night, Dumfries officials read a statement from the police chief turned top administrator who has been missing from town hall since he slipped and fell on a patch o ice back on Jan. 10. Taber has spent time in Inova Fairfax Hospital recovering from his injuries, and in his letter he also states he has been in close contact with town staff ... (more)
Spooked: Haunted Tour Guide Organizing Occoquan Ghost Meet Up Group
Kay Pietrewicz, of Haunted Occoquan Tours, told ghost stories of the tiny town's haunted past.
Historic Dumfries Turns 40, Neighborhood Meeting Planned to Discuss Future of Weems-Botts Museum
The organization charted to bring more visitors to the Prince William County town, as well as maintaining the popular Weems-Botts Museum in Dumfries, was recognized recently for their milestone.
Kallo Faces Assault & Battery Charge Against Police Officer
On February 9th at 8:29PM, a Prince William County police officer observed a vehicle operating in a reckless manner while patrolling in the area of Jefferson Davis Hwy and Allen Dent Rd in Dumfries .
OThe Town of Dumfries will not be the only town this year with a competitive race for mayor as challengers have stepped up during the past week to take on Haymarket Mayor David Leake and Quantico Mayor Kevin Brown, both of whom have filed for re-election.


text:
N.L. East | W | L | |
Nationals | 89 | 57 | - |
Braves | 85 | 63 | 5 |
There weren't many games on Monday's slate, but the chase for the Wild Card heated up as the Phillies once again evened their season record against the Mets and the Pirates won a game they needed to win. The Dodgers, Brewers, and Cardinals -- all of them fighting for the second wild card -- were idle.
Braves 7, Marlins 5: The Braves jumped to a 4-0 lead in the first inning against Wade LeBlanc and the Marlins. Martin Prado smacked an RBI single in the first, but the big blow in the frame was Dan Uggla's three-run homer, his 19th of the season. Prado recorded four hits -- all of them singles -- and a pair of RBI. Rob Brantly and Gorkys Hernandez both collected three hits for the Marlins. LeBlanc was tagged for six runs on seven hits in four innings. Tim Hudson didn't pitch particularly well for Atlanta, going five innings and allowing four runs on 10 hits. However, the Braves' bullpen locked down the victory as Craig Kimbrel notched his 37th save. Kimbrel has yet to give up more than one hit in a game this season.
N.L. Central | W | L | |
Reds | 88 | 59 | - |
Cardinals | 77 | 70 | 11 |
Pirates 3, Cubs 0: In a game that didn't start until 10:42 p.m. and didn't end until nearly 1:30 in the morning, the Pirates picked up a much-needed win in the finale of their four-game series in rain-soaked Chicago. All the scoring came in the top of the third, when Starling Marte's triple plated two runs and Jose Tabata's double scored Marte. Otherwise, Cubs starter Travis Wood pitched well, setting a career high with nine strikeouts; overall, Cubs pitchers registered 15 strikeouts, a season high. But Chicago's hitters just couldn't do anything at all, first against Kevin Correia, who pitched seven two-hit innings, before handing off duties to a pair of Pirates relievers.
N.L. West | W | L | |
Giants | 84 | 63 | - |
Dodgers | 76 | 71 | 8 |
Giants 2, Rockies 1: It wasn't particularly pretty for Madison Bumgarner, who walked a season-high five batters, but his six innings of one-run ball was enough to keep the Giants ahead of the cellar-dwelling Rockies. Jhoulys Chacin had a decent outing for Colorado, going five innings and allowing just one run on five hits, but the Rockies couldn't muster any offense beyond Josh Rutledge's RBI triple. Brandon Crawford showed off some power by picking up a double and triple for the Giants. Buster Posey and Marco Scutaro added two hits apiece to San Francisco's tally.
N.L. Wild Card | W | L | |
Braves |
85 | 63 | 7 |
Cardinals | 77 | 70 | - |
Dodgers | 76 | 71 | 1 |
Brewers | 74 | 72 | 2½ |
Pirates | 74 | 72 | 2½ |
Phillies | 74 | 74 | 3½ |
Phillies 3, Mets 1: Cliff Lee turned in a masterful eight-inning, one-run outing and recorded 10 strikeouts for the Phillies, bringing Philadelphia back to .500 and within 3½ games of a Wild-Card berth. Jimmy Rollins hit what was believed to be a triple in the fifth inning, but the umpires conferred and it was a home run, Rollins' 21st of the season, that gave Philly a 2-1 lead it would not relinquish against Mets starter R.A. Dickey. Dickey earned a tough-luck loss, hurling seven innings and racking up eight strikeouts. He was felled by two homers; the second a jack by Domonic Brown in the seventh inning. Lee is now one win from evening his season record, which currently stands at 6-7.
Up Next: A host of games with playoff implications are set: At 7:05 p.m. ET, the Dodgers will take on the Nationals and the Brewers will kick off a visit the Pirates. The Braves continue their series with the Marlins, and the Phillies square off again with the Mets. The Reds can lower their magic number by beating up on the Cubs, while the Cardinals can pad their lead for the second wild card as they play the Astros. In the late-night game, the Giants will look to distance themselves from the Dodgers as they tango with the Rockies.


text:
Postgame: Kerry Zavagnin
Sporting Kansas City - 10 months ago
Watching: Comments from Sporting KC Assistant Coach Kerry Zavagnin following the club's 3-2 defeat to the Portland Timbers at Sporting Park.
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I have listened to this about 37 times in a row…sehr toll!!
I have such strange music taste…and I apologize to Becca, my roomie, for the number of times she's heard it blaring from my room
I just had dinner with Steve Reich!!!!! I am speechless.
Netrebko & Schrott: Opera's sexiest couple at the 2011 Wiener Opernball
I've never been so attracted to Asian guys…


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The "heavyweight" Falcon is the manufacturer's largest portable plant. It can handle two 1000-bbl silos and a 200-ton aggregate bin, or hold up to 400 tons of aggregate with an optional frame. The central collector and silos can be mounted on a single unitized frame. Stephens Mfg. www.stephensmfg.com
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text: As the final rounds of the review conference commenced on Friday, ICC nations had been unable to reach a consensus [JURIST report] on the adoption of the crime of aggression. The crime of aggression is listed under Article 5 of the Rome Statute along with war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, but the ICC remained unable to exercise jurisdiction over the crime of aggression because the statute did not define the crime or set out jurisdictional conditions. Nations attending the conference were divided on the issue of the amendment's implementation and whether the Security Council should have oversight on the ICC's application of the crime. Earlier this month at the review conference, US Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues Stephen Rapp expressed concern [JURIST report] over the potential adoption of the state aggression law by the ICC, claiming that the proposed aggression charge is overly broad and could result in politicized investigations into use of force. He held that "a fundamental principle of legality is that individuals must know whether conduct crosses the line into that which is forbidden before they act and not learn the answer in the crucible of trial." Delegates opposed to the ICC mandate are wary of its impact on the use of force, such as NATO's bombing of Kosovo in the 1990s, Tanzania's invasion of Uganda to overthrow military dictator Idi Amin, or more recently Colombia's raids in Ecuador against Marxist rebels.


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