text:
Harvard University
Harvard University | |
Seal of Harvard University
Latin: Universitas Harvardiana | |
Motto | Veritas[1] |
Motto in English | Truth |
Established | 1636[2] |
Type | Private |
Endowment | US$32.3 billion (2013)[3] |
President | Drew Gilpin Faust |
Academic staff | 4,671[4] |
Admin. staff | 2,500 non-medical 11,000 medical |
Students | 21,000 |
Undergraduates | 7,200 total 6,700 College 500 Extension |
Postgraduates | 14,000 |
Location | Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. |
Campus | Urban 210 acres (85 ha) (Main campus) 21 acres (8.5 ha) (Medical campus) 360 acres (150 ha) (Allston campus) 4,500 acres (1,800 ha) (other holdings)[5] |
Newspaper | The Harvard Crimson |
Colors | Crimson |
Athletics | NCAA Division I – Ivy League |
Sports | 42 Varsity Teams |
Nickname | Harvard Crimson |
Affiliations | NAICU AICUM NEASC |
Website | Harvard.edu |
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, whose history, influence and wealth have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world.[6][7][8][9][10]
Established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature and soon thereafter named for John Harvard (its first benefactor), Harvard is the United States' oldest institution of higher learning,[11] and the Harvard Corporation (formally, the President and Fellows of Harvard College) is its first chartered corporation. Although never formally affiliated with any denomination, the early College primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, and by the 19th century Harvard had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston elites.[12][13] Following the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's long tenure (1869–1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a modern research university; Harvard was a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.[14] James Bryant Conant led the university through the Great Depression and World War II and began to reform the curriculum and liberalize admissions after the war. The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger with Radcliffe College.
The University is organized into eleven separate academic units—ten faculties and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study—with campuses throughout the Boston metropolitan area:[15] its 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of Boston; the business school and athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located across the Charles River in the Allston neighborhood of Boston and the medical, dental, and public health schools are in the Longwood Medical Area.[5] Eight U.S. presidents have been graduates, and some 150 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated as students, faculty, or staff. Harvard is also the alma mater of 62 living billionaires and 335 Rhodes Scholars, the most in the country.[16][17] The Harvard University Library is also the largest academic library in the United States.[18]
Harvard has the largest financial endowment of any academic institution in the world, standing at $32.3 billion as of June 2013.[3]
Harvard was formed in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. It was initially called "New College" or "the college at New Towne". In 1638, the college became home for North America's first known printing press, carried by the ship John of London.[19][20] In 1639, the college was renamed Harvard College after deceased clergyman John Harvard, who was an alumnus of the University of Cambridge. He had left the school £779 pounds sterling and his library of some 400 books.[21] The charter creating the Harvard Corporation was granted in 1650.
In the early years the College trained many Puritan ministers.[22] The college offered a classic academic course based on the English university model—many leaders in the colony had attended the University of Cambridge—but one consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy. The college was never affiliated with any particular denomination, but many of its earliest graduates went on to become clergymen in Congregational and Unitarian churches throughout New England.[23] An early brochure, published in 1643, described the founding of the college as a response to the desire "to advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity, dreading to leave an illiterate ministry to the churches".[24]
The leading Boston divine Increase Mather served as president from 1685 to 1701. In 1708, John Leverett became the first president who was not also a clergyman, which marked a turning of the college toward intellectual independence from Puritanism.
19th century
Throughout the 18th century, Enlightenment ideas of the power of reason and free will became widespread among Congregationalist ministers, putting those ministers and their congregations in tension with more traditionalist, Calvinist parties.[25]:1–4 When the Hollis Professor of Divinity David Tappan died in 1803 and the president of Harvard Joseph Willard died a year later, in 1804, a struggle broke out over their replacements. Henry Ware was elected to the chair in 1805, and the liberal Samuel Webber was appointed to the presidency of Harvard two years later, which signaled the changing of the tide from the dominance of traditional ideas at Harvard to the dominance of liberal, Arminian ideas (defined by traditionalists as Unitarian ideas).[25]:4–5[26]:24
In 1846, the natural history lectures of Louis Agassiz were acclaimed both in New York and on the campus at Harvard College. Agassiz's approach was distinctly idealist and posited Americans' "participation in the Divine Nature" and the possibility of understanding "intellectual existences". Agassiz's perspective on science combined observation with intuition and the assumption that a person can grasp the "divine plan" in all phenomena. When it came to explaining life-forms, Agassiz resorted to matters of shape based on a presumed archetype for his evidence. This dual view of knowledge was in concert with the teachings of Common Sense Realism derived from Scottish philosophers Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart, whose works were part of the Harvard curriculum at the time. The popularity of Agassiz's efforts to "soar with Plato" probably also derived from other writings to which Harvard students were exposed, including Platonic treatises by Ralph Cudworth, John Norrisand, in a Romantic vein, Samuel Coleridge. The library records at Harvard reveal that the writings of Plato and his early modern and Romantic followers were almost as regularly read during the 19th century as those of the "official philosophy" of the more empirical and more deistic Scottish school.[27]
Charles W. Eliot, president 1869–1909, eliminated the favored position of Christianity from the curriculum while opening it to student self-direction. While Eliot was the most crucial figure in the secularization of American higher education, he was motivated not by a desire to secularize education, but by Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions. Derived from William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson, these convictions were focused on the dignity and worth of human nature, the right and ability of each person to perceive truth, and the indwelling God in each person.[28]
20th century
During the 20th century, Harvard's international reputation grew as a burgeoning endowment and prominent professors expanded the university's scope. Rapid enrollment growth continued as new graduate schools were begun and the undergraduate College expanded. Radcliffe College, established in 1879 as sister school of Harvard College, became one of the most prominent schools for women in the United States. Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.[14]
James Bryant Conant (president, 1933–1953) reinvigorated creative scholarship to guarantee its preeminence among research institutions. He saw higher education as a vehicle of opportunity for the talented rather than an entitlement for the wealthy, so Conant devised programs to identify, recruit, and support talented youth. In 1943, he asked the faculty make a definitive statement about what general education ought to be, at the secondary as well as the college level. The resulting Report, published in 1945, was one of the most influential manifestos in the history of American education in the 20th century.[30]
In 1945–1960 admissions policies were opened up to bring in students from a more diverse applicant pool. No longer drawing mostly from rich alumni of select New England prep schools, the undergraduate college was now open to striving middle class students from public schools; many more Jews and Catholics were admitted, but few blacks, Hispanics or Asians.[31]
Women remained segregated at Radcliffe, though more and more took Harvard classes. Nonetheless, Harvard's undergraduate population remained predominantly male, with about four men attending Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe. Following the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe admissions in 1977, the proportion of female undergraduates steadily increased, mirroring a trend throughout higher education in the United States. Harvard's graduate schools, which had accepted females and other groups in greater numbers even before the college, also became more diverse in the post-World War II period.
In 1999, Radcliffe College, founded in 1879 as the "Harvard Annex for Women",[32] merged formally with Harvard University, becoming the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
21st century
Drew Gilpin Faust, the Dean at Radcliffe, became the first woman president of Harvard in 2007. Her appointment came after Lawrence Summers resigned his presidency in 2006 when his comments about the causes of gender demographics in academia—made at a closed academic conference—were leaked to the press.[33]
Harvard's 209-acre (85 ha) main campus is centered on Harvard Yard in Cambridge, about 3 miles (4.8 km) west-northwest of the State House in downtown Boston, and extends into the surrounding Harvard Square neighborhood. Harvard Yard itself contains the central administrative offices and main libraries of the university, academic buildings including Sever Hall and University Hall, Memorial Church, and the majority of the freshman dormitories. Sophomore, junior, and senior undergraduates live in twelve residential Houses, nine of which are south of Harvard Yard along or near the Charles River. The other three are located in a residential neighborhood half a mile northwest of the Yard at the Quadrangle (commonly referred to as the Quad), which formerly housed Radcliffe College students until Radcliffe merged its residential system with Harvard. The Harvard MBTA station provides public transportation via bus service and the Red Line subway.
The Harvard Business School and many of the university's athletics facilities, including Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston. The John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River connecting both campuses. The Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and the Harvard School of Public Health are located on a 21-acre (8.5 ha) campus in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area approximately 3.3 miles (5.3 km) southwest of downtown Boston and 3.3 miles (5.3 km) south of the Cambridge campus.[5] A private shuttle bus connects the Longwood campus to the Cambridge campus via Massachusetts Avenue making stops in the Back Bay and at MIT as well.[34]
Each residential house contains rooms for undergraduates, House masters, and resident tutors, as well as a dining hall and library. The facilities were made possible by a gift from Yale University alumnus Edward Harkness.[35]
Radcliffe Yard, formerly the center of the campus of Radcliffe College (and now home of the Radcliffe Institute), is adjacent to the Graduate School of Education and the Cambridge Common.
From 2009–2011, Harvard University reported on-campus crime statistics that included 69 forcible sex offenses, 12 robberies, 15 aggravated assaults, 80 burglaries, and 10 cases of motor vehicle theft.[36]
Satellite facilities
Apart from its major Cambridge/Allston and Longwood campuses, Harvard owns and operates Arnold Arboretum, in the Jamaica Plain area of Boston; the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, in Washington, D.C.; the Harvard Forest in Petersham, Massachusetts; the Concord Field Station in Estabrook Woods in Concord, Massachusetts[37] and the Villa I Tatti research center[38] in Florence, Italy. Harvard also operates the Harvard Shanghai Center in China.[39]
Major campus expansion
Harvard has purchased tracts of land in Allston, a walk across the Charles River from Cambridge, with the intent of major expansion southward.[40] The university now owns approximately fifty percent more land in Allston than in Cambridge. Proposals to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus include new and enlarged bridges, a shuttle service and/or a tram. Plans also call for sinking part of Storrow Drive (at Harvard's expense) for replacement with park land and pedestrian access to the Charles River, as well as the construction of bike paths, and buildings throughout the Allston campus. The institution asserts that such expansion will benefit not only the school, but surrounding community, pointing to such features as the enhanced transit infrastructure, possible shuttles open to the public, and park space which will also be publicly accessible.
One of the foremost driving forces for Harvard's pending expansion is its goal of increasing the scope and strength of its science and technology programs. The university plans to construct two 500,000 square foot (50,000 m²) research complexes in Allston, which would be home to several interdisciplinary programs, including the Harvard Stem Cell Institute and an enlarged Engineering department.
In addition, Harvard intends to relocate the Harvard Graduate School of Education and the Harvard School of Public Health to Allston. The university also plans to construct several new undergraduate and graduate student housing centers in Allston, and it is considering large-scale museums and performing arts complexes as well. Unfortunately the large drop in endowment has halted these plans for now.[when?]
Harvard has the largest university endowment in the world. As of September 2011, it had nearly regained the loss suffered during the 2008 recession. It was worth $32 billion in 2011, up from $28 billion in September 2010[41] and $26 billion in 2009. It suffered about 30% loss in 2008-09.[3][42] In December 2008, Harvard announced that its endowment had lost 22% (approximately $8 billion) from July to October 2008, necessitating budget cuts.[43] Later reports[44] suggest the loss was actually more than double that figure, a reduction of nearly 50% of its endowment in the first four months alone. Forbes in March 2009 estimated the loss to be in the range of $12 billion.[45] One of the most visible results of Harvard's attempt to re-balance its budget was their halting[44] of construction of the $1.2 billion Allston Science Complex that had been scheduled to be completed by 2011, resulting in protests from local residents.[46] As of 2012, Harvard University had a total financial aid reserve of $159 million for students, and a Pell Grant reserve of $4.093 million available for disbursement.[47]
Teaching and learning
Harvard is a large, highly residential research university.[49] The university has been accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges since 1929.[50] The university offers 46 undergraduate concentrations (majors),[51] 134 graduate degrees,[52] and 32 professional degrees.[53] For the 2008–2009 academic year, Harvard granted 1,664 baccalaureate degrees, 400 masters degrees, 512 doctoral degrees, and 4,460 professional degrees.[53]
The four year, full-time undergraduate program comprises a minority of enrollments at the university and emphasizes instruction with an "arts and sciences focus".[49] Between 1978 and 2008, entering students were required to complete a core curriculum of seven classes outside of their concentration.[54] Since 2008, undergraduate students have been required to complete courses in eight General Education categories: Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding, Culture and Belief, Empirical and Mathematical Reasoning, Ethical Reasoning, Science of Living Systems, Science of the Physical Universe, Societies of the World, and United States in the World.[55] Harvard offers a comprehensive doctoral graduate program and there is a high level of coexistence between graduate and undergraduate degrees.[49] The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, The New York Times, and some students have criticized Harvard for its reliance on teaching fellows for some aspects of undergraduate education; they consider this to adversely affect the quality of education.[56][57]
Harvard's academic programs operate on a semester calendar beginning in early September and ending in mid-May.[58] Undergraduates typically take four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.[59] In many concentrations, students can elect to pursue a basic program or an honors-eligible program requiring a senior thesis and/or advanced course work.[60] Students graduating in the top 4–5% of the class are awarded degrees summa cum laude, students in the next 15% of the class are awarded magna cum laude, and the next 30% of the class are awarded cum laude.[61] Harvard has chapters of academic honor societies such as Phi Beta Kappa and various committees and departments also award several hundred named prizes annually.[62] Harvard, along with other universities, has been accused of grade inflation,[63] although there is evidence that the quality of the student body and its motivation have also increased.[64] Harvard College reduced the number of students who receive Latin honors from 90% in 2004 to 60% in 2005. Moreover, the honors of "John Harvard Scholar" and "Harvard College Scholar" will now be given only to the top 5 percent and the next 5 percent of each class.[65][66][67][68]
University policy is to expel students engaging in academic dishonesty to discourage a "culture of cheating."[69][70][71] In 2012, dozens of students were expelled for cheating after an investigation of more than 120 students.[72] In 2013, there was a report that as many as 42% of incoming freshmen had cheated on homework prior to entering the university,[73] and these incidents have prompted the university to consider adopting an honor code.[71][74]
For the 2012–13 school year annual tuition was $38,000, with a total cost of attendance of $57,000.[75] Beginning 2007, families with incomes below $60,000 pay nothing for their children to attend, including room and board. Families with incomes between $60,000 to $80,000 pay only few thousand dollars a year, and families earning between $120,000 and $180,000 pay no more than 10% of their annual incomes.[76] In 2009, Harvard offered grants totaling $414 million across all eleven divisions; $340 million came from institutional funds, $35 million from federal support, and $39 million from other outside support. Grants total 88% of Harvard's aid for undergraduate students, with aid also provided by loans (8%) and work-study (4%).[77]
Academic organization
College/school |
Harvard College |
Medicine |
Divinity |
Law |
Dental Medicine |
Arts and Sciences |
Business |
Extension |
Design |
Education |
Public Health |
Government |
Engineering and Applied Sciences |
The Faculty of Arts and Sciences has primary responsibility for instruction in Harvard College, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and the Harvard Division of Continuing Education, which includes Harvard Summer School and Harvard Extension School. There is also the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
Harvard is governed by a combination[clarification needed] of its Board of Overseers and the President and Fellows of Harvard College (also known as the Harvard Corporation), which in turn appoints the President of Harvard University. There are 16,000 staff and faculty.[78]
Harvard's 2,400 professors, lecturers, and instructors[79] instruct 7,200 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students.[80] The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson. The color was unofficially adopted (in preference to magenta) by an 1875 vote of the student body, although the association with some form of red can be traced back to 1858, when Charles William Eliot, a young graduate student who would later become Harvard's 21st and longest-serving president (1869–1909), bought red bandanas for his crew so they could more easily be distinguished by spectators at a regatta.
Joint programs with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology include the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, the Broad Institute, The Observatory of Economic Complexity, and edX.
This section requires expansion. (September 2013) |
Harvard is a founding member of the Association of American Universities[81] and remains a research university with "very high" research activity and a "comprehensive" doctoral program across the arts, sciences, engineering, and medicine.[49] Research and development expenditures in 2011 totaled $649.7 million, 27th among American universities.[82]
Libraries and museums
The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises over 80 individual libraries holding some 15 million volumes.[83] According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world.[18]
Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries;[84] Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.
Harvard operates several arts, cultural, and scientific museums. The Harvard Art Museums comprises three museums. The Arthur M. Sackler Museum includes collections of ancient, Asian, Islamic and later Indian art, the Busch-Reisinger Museum, formerly the Germanic Museum, covers central and northern European art, and the Fogg Museum of Art, covers Western art from the Middle Ages to the present emphasizing Italian early Renaissance, British pre-Raphaelite, and 19th-century French art. The Harvard Museum of Natural History includes the Harvard Mineralogical Museum, Harvard University Herbaria featuring the Blaschka Glass Flowers exhibit, and the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Other museums include the Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, designed by Le Corbusier, housing the film archive, the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, specializing in the cultural history and civilizations of the Western Hemisphere, and the Semitic Museum featuring artifacts from excavations in the Middle East.
University rankings
University rankings | |
National | |
Forbes[86] | 8 |
U.S. News & World Report[87] | 2 |
Washington Monthly[88] | 8 |
Global | |
Times[91] | 2 |
Harvard has been highly ranked by many international and domestic university rankings. In particular, it has consistently topped the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) since 2003, and the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings, which is based on a survey of academics around the world and is a spin-off of the main world rankings, since 2011, when the first time such league tables were published.[92][93] When the QS and Times were published in partnership as the THE-QS World University Rankings during 2004-2009, Harvard had been also regarded the first in every year.[94] The University's undergraduate program has been continuously among the top two in the U.S. News & World Report, in every case tied with or behind Princeton.[87] In 2012, Harvard topped the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP),[95] and was ranked 8th on the 2013-2014 PayScale College Salary Report[96] and 14th on the 2013 PayScale College Education Value Rankings.[97]
From a poll done by The Princeton Review, Harvard is the second most commonly named "dream college", both for students and parents in 2013,[98] and was the first nominated by parents in 2009.[99]
Tradition and culture
The Harvard Crimson competes in 42 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League. Harvard has an intense athletic rivalry with Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard–Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though, is put aside every two years when the Harvard and Yale Track and Field teams come together to compete against a combined Oxford University and Cambridge University team, a competition that is the oldest continuous international amateur competition in the world.[100]
Harvard's athletic rivalry with Yale is intense in every sport in which they meet, coming to a climax each fall in the annual football meeting, which dates back to 1875 and is usually called simply "The Game". While Harvard's football team is no longer one of the country's best as it often was a century ago during football's early days (it won the Rose Bowl in 1920), both it and Yale have influenced the way the game is played. In 1903, Harvard Stadium introduced a new era into football with the first-ever permanent reinforced concrete stadium of its kind in the country. The stadium's structure actually played a role in the evolution of the college game. Seeking to reduce the alarming number of deaths and serious injuries in the sport, the Father of Football, Walter Camp (former captain of the Yale football team), suggested widening the field to open up the game. But the stadium was too narrow to accommodate a wider playing surface. So, other steps had to be taken. Camp would instead support revolutionary new rules for the 1906 season. These included legalizing the forward pass, perhaps the most significant rule change in the sport's history.[101][102]
Harvard has several athletic facilities, such as the Lavietes Pavilion, a multi-purpose arena and home to the Harvard basketball teams. The Malkin Athletic Center, known as the "MAC", serves both as the university's primary recreation facility and as a satellite location for several varsity sports. The five-story building includes two cardio rooms, an Olympic-size swimming pool, a smaller pool for aquaerobics and other activities, a mezzanine, where all types of classes are held, an indoor cycling studio, three weight rooms, and a three-court gym floor to play basketball. The MAC offers personal trainers and specialty classes. It is home to Harvard volleyball, fencing and wrestling. The offices of several of the school's varsity coaches are also in the MAC.
Weld Boathouse and Newell Boathouse house the women's and men's rowing teams, respectively. The men's crew also uses the Red Top complex in Ledyard, Connecticut, as their training camp for the annual Harvard-Yale Regatta. The Bright Hockey Center hosts the Harvard hockey teams, and the Murr Center serves both as a home for Harvard's squash and tennis teams as well as a strength and conditioning center for all athletic sports.
As of 2013, there were 42 Division I intercollegiate varsity sports teams for women and men at Harvard, more than at any other NCAA Division I college in the country.[103] As with other Ivy League universities, Harvard does not offer athletic scholarships.[104]
Older than The Game by 23 years, the Harvard-Yale Regatta was the original source of the athletic rivalry between the two schools. It is held annually in June on the Thames River in eastern Connecticut. The Harvard crew is typically considered to be one of the top teams in the country in rowing. Today, Harvard fields top teams in several other sports, such as the Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey team (with a strong rivalry against Cornell), squash, and even recently won NCAA titles in Men's and Women's Fencing. Harvard also won the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships in 2003.
Harvard's men's ice hockey team won the school's first NCAA Championship in any team sport in 1989. Harvard was also the first Ivy League institution to win a NCAA championship title in a women's sport when its women's lacrosse team won the NCAA Championship in 1990.
Harvard Undergraduate Television has footage from historical games and athletic events including the 2005 pep-rally before the Harvard-Yale Game.
Harvard has several fight songs, the most played of which, especially at football, are "Ten Thousand Men of Harvard" and "Harvardiana." While "Fair Harvard" is actually the alma mater, "Ten Thousand Men" is better known outside the university. The Harvard University Band performs these fight songs, and other cheers, at football and hockey games. These were parodied by Harvard alumnus Tom Lehrer in his song "Fight Fiercely, Harvard," which he composed while an undergraduate.
Undergraduate | Graduate and Professional |
U.S. Census | |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 17% | 11% | 5% |
Black/Non-Hispanic | 6% | 4% | 12% |
Hispanics of any race | 9% | 5% | 16% |
White/non-Hispanic | 46% | 43% | 64% |
Mixed Race/Other | 10% | 8% | 9% |
International students | 11% | 27% | N/A |
In the last six years, Harvard's student population ranged between 19,000 and 21,000, across all programs. Harvard enrolled 6,655 students in undergraduate programs, 3,738 students in graduate programs, and 10,722 students in professional programs.[105] The undergraduate population is 51% female, the graduate population is 48% female, and the professional population is 49% female.[105]
Undergraduate admission to Harvard is characterized by the Carnegie Foundation as "more selective, lower transfer-in".[49] Harvard College received 27,500 applications for admission to the Class of 2013, 2,175 were admitted (8%), and 1,658 enrolled (76%).[108] 95% of first-year students graduated in the top tenth of their high school class.[108] Harvard also enrolled 266 National Merit Scholars, the most in the nation.[109] 88% of students graduate within 4 years and 98% graduate within 6 years.[110]
Harvard College accepted 5.8% of applicants for the class of 2017, a record low.[111] The number of acceptances has gone down since the university announced a large increase in financial aid in 2008.[citation needed] Harvard College ended its early admissions program in 2007 as the program was believed to disadvantage low-income and under-represented minority applicants applying to selective universities.[112] For the Class of 2016 an Early Action program was reintroduced. The undergraduate admissions office's preference for children of alumni policies have been the subject of scrutiny and debate as it primarily aids whites and the wealthy and seems to conflict with the concept of meritocratic admissions.[113][114]
Faculty and staff
This section requires expansion. (August 2010) |
Harvard's faculty includes scholars such as biologist E. O. Wilson, cognitive scientist Steven Pinker, physicists Lisa Randall and Roy Glauber, chemists Elias Corey, Dudley R. Herschbach and George M. Whitesides, computer scientists Michael O. Rabin and Leslie Valiant, Shakespeare scholar Stephen Greenblatt, writer Louis Menand, critic Helen Vendler, historians Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Niall Ferguson, economists Amartya Sen, N. Gregory Mankiw, Robert Barro, Stephen A. Marglin, Don M. Wilson III and Martin Feldstein, political philosophers Harvey Mansfield, Baroness Shirley Williams and Michael Sandel, political scientists Robert Putnam, Joseph Nye, and Stanley Hoffmann, scholar/composers Robert Levin and Bernard Rands, astrophysicist Alyssa A. Goodman, and legal scholar Alan Dershowitz.
Past faculty members include Michael Walzer, Stephan Thernstrom and Robert Nozick.
Notable alumni
Politics: U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon; American political leaders John Hancock, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Al Gore, George W. Bush and Barack Obama; Chilean President Sebastián Piñera; Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos; Costa Rican President José María Figueres; Mexican Presidents Felipe Calderón,[116] Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Miguel de la Madrid; Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj; Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo; Taiwanese President Ma Ying-jeou; Canadian Governor General David Lloyd Johnston; Albanian Prime Minister Fan S. Noli; Canadian Prime Ministers Mackenzie King and Pierre Trudeau; Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras; Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu; former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto; U. S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan; Canadian political leader Michael Ignatieff; Pakistani Members of Provincial Assembly Murtaza Bhutto and Sanam Bhutto; Bangladesh Minister of Finance Abul Maal Abdul Muhith; President of Puntland Abdiweli Mohamed Ali; U.S. Ambassador to the European Union Anthony Luzzatto Gardner.
Royals: Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark, Crown Princess Masako of Japan, and Sheikh Dr. Muhammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah of Kuwait.
Court: Chief Justice John Roberts, Israeli Supreme Court President Aharon Barak.
Business: Religious leader, businessman and philanthropist Aga Khan IV; businessman and philanthropist Bill Gates; philanthropist Huntington Hartford; Facebook creator Mark Zuckerberg; businessman and financier Scott Mead; businessman and convict Jeffrey Skilling; and businessman Gabe Newell.
Other: Civil rights leader W. E. B. Du Bois; philosopher Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs; educator Harlan Hanson; poets Wallace Stevens, T. S. Eliot and E. E. Cummings; conductor Leonard Bernstein; cellist Yo Yo Ma; pianist and composer Charlie Albright; composer John Alden Carpenter; comedian, television show host and writer Conan O'Brien; actors Tatyana Ali, Matt Damon, Fred Gwynne, Hill Harper, Rashida Jones, Tommy Lee Jones, Ashley Judd, Jack Lemmon, Natalie Portman, Mira Sorvino, Elisabeth Shue, and Scottie Thompson; film directors Darren Aronofsky, Terrence Malick, Mira Nair, and Whit Stillman; television executive Brian Graden; architect Philip Johnson; musicians Rivers Cuomo, Tom Morello, and Gram Parsons; musician, producer and composer Ryan Leslie; serial killer Ted Kaczynski; programmer and activist Richard Stallman; NFL quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick; NFL center Matt Birk; NBA player Jeremy Lin; physician Sachin H. Jain; physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer; Tibetologist George de Roerich; and Marshall Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto.
Literature and popular culture
This article contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined, unverified or indiscriminate. (March 2013) |
This section relies on references to primary sources. (March 2013) |
The perception of Harvard as a center of either elite achievement, or elitist privilege, has made it a frequent literary backdrop.
In literature
- The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich is a narrative account of Facebook's founding set partially at Harvard
- Hacking Harvard is novel by Robin Wasserman, a Harvard University alumna.
- In The Handmaid's Tale, Margaret Atwood's post-apocalyptic novel, much of the action takes place in Cambridge, with vaguely recognizable Harvard landmarks occasionally making their way into the narrator's place descriptions.
- The Paper Chase by John Jay Osborn, Jr., a 1970 novel adapted for a film and a television series based at Harvard Law School.
- The Second Happiest Day (1953) by "John Phillips" (John P. Marquand, Jr.) depicts the Harvard of the World War II generation.
- The Sound and the Fury, by William Faulkner, features Quentin Compson's experiences at Harvard.
- The Women's Room, by Marilyn French, largely features protagonist Mira's experiences at Harvard
- Pamela Thomas-Graham's series of mystery novels (Blue Blood, Orange Crushed, and A Darker Shade Of Crimson), protagonist Nikki Chase is an African-American Harvard economics professor.
- Cecilia Tan's romance novel series, commonly known as the "Magic University series" and including the books The Siren and the Sword and The Tower and the Tears, is set at the magical university hidden inside Harvard known as "Veritas".
Because Harvard generally forbids filming on its property, most scenes set at Harvard (especially indoor shots, but excepting aerial footage and shots of public areas such as Harvard Square) are in fact shot elsewhere.[117]
- Erich Segal's Love Story (1970), which concerns a romance between a wealthy hockey player (Ryan O'Neal) and a brilliant Radcliffe student of modest means (Ali MacGraw) is screened annually for incoming freshmen.[118] Segal's The Class (1985) and Doctors (1988) are also set at Harvard.
- The Paper Chase (1973 film) and The Paper Chase (1978–79, 1983–86 TV series)
- Soul Man (1986)
- With Honors (1994)
- Good Will Hunting (1997)
- Harvard Man (2001)
- How High (2001)
- Legally Blonde (2001)
- Stealing Harvard (2002)
- Love Story in Harvard (2004-2005)
- The Great Debaters (2007)
- The Social Network (2010)
- Suits (TV Series)
See also
- 2012 Harvard cheating scandal
- Academic regalia of Harvard University
- Harvard University Police Department
- I, Too, Am Harvard
- Outline of Harvard University
- Secret Court of 1920
- Gore Hall
- ^ Harvard's Veritas appears on the university's arms; heraldically speaking, however, a 'motto' is a word or phrase displayed on a scroll in conjunction with a shield of arms. Since 1692 University seals have borne Christo et Ecclesiae (for Christ and the Church) in this manner, arguably making that phrase the university's motto in a heraldic sense. This legend is otherwise not in general use today.
- ^ An appropriation of £400 toward a "school or college" was voted on October 28, 1636 (OS), at a meeting which convened on September 8 and was adjourned to October 28. Some sources consider October 28, 1636 (OS) (November 7, 1636 NS) to be the date of founding. Harvard's 1936 tercentenary celebration treated September 18 as the founding date, though 1836 bicentennial was celebrated on September 8, 1836. Sources: meeting dates, Quincy, Josiah (1860). History of Harvard University. 117 Washington Street, Boston: Crosby, Nichols, Lee and Co., p. 586, "At a Court holden September 8th, 1636 and continued by adjournment to the 28th of the 8th month (October, 1636)... the Court agreed to give £400 towards a School or College, whereof £200 to be paid next year...." Tercentenary dates: "Cambridge Birthday". Time. 1936-09-28. Retrieved 2006-09-08.: "Harvard claims birth on the day the Massachusetts Great and General Court convened to authorize its founding. This was Sept. 8, 1637 under the Julian calendar. Allowing for the ten-day advance of the Gregorian calendar, Tercentenary officials arrived at Sept. 18 as the date for the third and last big Day of the celebration;" "on Oct. 28, 1636 ... £400 for that 'school or college' [was voted by] the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony." Bicentennial date: Marvin Hightower (2003-09-02). "Harvard Gazette: This Month in Harvard History". Harvard University. Retrieved 2006-09-15., "Sept. 8, 1836 - Some 1,100 to 1,300 alumni flock to Harvard's Bicentennial, at which a professional choir premieres "Fair Harvard." ... guest speaker Josiah Quincy Jr., Class of 1821, makes a motion, unanimously adopted, 'that this assembly of the Alumni be adjourned to meet at this place on the 8th of September, 1936.'" Tercentary opening of Quincy's sealed package: The New York Times, September 9, 1936, p. 24, "Package Sealed in 1836 Opened at Harvard. It Held Letters Written at Bicentenary": "September 8th, 1936: As the first formal function in the celebration of Harvard's tercentenary, the Harvard Alumni Association witnessed the opening by President Conant of the 'mysterious' package sealed by President Josiah Quincy at the Harvard bicentennial in 1836."
- ^ a b c "U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2013 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY 2012 to FY 2013". National Association of College and University Business Officers and Commonfund Institute. Retrieved January 29, 2014.
- ^ Office of Institutional Research. (2009). "Faculty". Harvard University Fact Book. ("Unduplicated, Paid Instructional Faculty Count: 2,107. Unduplicated instructional faculty count is the most appropriate count for general reporting purposes.")
- ^ a b c "Faculties and Allied Institutions". Office of the Provost, Harvard University. 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2013.
- ^ Keller, Morton; Keller, Phyllis (2001). Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University. Oxford University Press. pp. 463–481. ISBN 0-19-514457-0. "Harvard's professional schools... won world prestige of a sort rarely seen among social institutions. (...) Harvard's age, wealth, quality, and prestige may well shield it from any conceivable vicissitudes."
- ^ Spaulding, Christina (1989). "Sexual Shakedown". In Trumpbour, John. How Harvard Rules: Reason in the Service of Empire. South End Press. pp. 326–336. ISBN 0-89608-284-9. "... [Harvard's] tremendous institutional power and prestige (...) Within the nation's (arguably) most prestigious institution of higher learning ..."
- ^ David Altaner (March 9, 2011). "Harvard, MIT Ranked Most Prestigious Universities, Study Reports". Bloomberg. Retrieved March 1, 2012.
- ^ Collier's Encyclopedia. Macmillan Educational Co. 1986. "Harvard University, one of the world's most prestigious institutions of higher learning, was founded in Massachusetts in 1636."
- ^ Newport, Frank. "Harvard Number One University in Eyes of Public Stanford and Yale in second place". Gallup.
- ^ Rudolph, Frederick (1961). The American College and University. University of Georgia Press. p. 3. ISBN 0-8203-1285-1.
- ^ Story, Ronald (1975). "Harvard and the Boston Brahmins: A Study in Institutional and Class Development, 1800–1865". Journal of Social History 8 (3): 94–121. doi:10.1353/jsh/8.3.94.
- ^ Farrell, Betty G. (1993). Elite Families: Class and Power in Nineteenth-Century Boston. State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-1593-7.
- ^ a b "Member Institutions and years of Admission". Association of American Universities. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Faculties and Allied Institutions". Office of the Provost, Harvard University. Retrieved August 27, 2010.
- ^ "US Rhodes Scholarship Winners by institution (1904-2013)". The Rhodes Trust. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
- ^ Janhavi Kumar Sapra (August 11, 2010). "Billionaire Universities". Forbes. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
- ^ a b "The Nation's Largest Libraries: A Listing By Volumes Held". American Library Association. May 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ^ "The instrument behind New England's first literary flowering". Harvard University. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
- ^ "Rowley and Ezekiel Rogers, The First North American Printing Press". Maritime Historical Studies Centre, University of Hull. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
- ^ "John Harvard Facts, Information.". The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved 2009-07-17. "He bequeathed £780 (half his estate) and his library of 320 volumes to the new established college at Cambridge, Mass., which was named in his honor."
- ^ "The Harvard Guide: The Early History of Harvard University". Harvard University. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Harvard Office of News and Public Affairs (2007-07-26). "Harvard guide intro". Harvard University. Archived from the original on 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Wright, Louis B. (2002). The Cultural Life of the American Colonies. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-486-42223-7.
- ^ a b Gary J. Dorrien. The Making of American Liberal Theology: Imagining Progressive Religion, 1805-1900, Volume 1. Westminster John Knox Press, 2001
- ^ Peter S. Field Ralph Waldo Emerson: The Making of a Democratic Intellectual Rowman & Littlefield, 2003 ISBN 978-0847688425
- ^ Nartonis, David K. (2005). "Louis Agassiz and the Platonist Story of Creation at Harvard, 1795–1846". Journal of the History of Ideas 66 (3): 437–449. JSTOR 3654189.
- ^ Shoemaker, Stephen P. (2006–2007). "The Theological Roots of Charles W. Eliot's Educational Reforms". Journal of Unitarian Universalist History 31: 30–45.
- ^ "Arader Galleries Iconic College Views", Rummell, Richard, Littig & Co. 1915
- ^ Anita Fay Kravitz, "The Harvard Report of 1945: An historical ethnography", Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1994, 367 pages; AAT 9427558
- ^ Malka A. Older. (1996). Preparatory schools and the admissions process. The Harvard Crimson, January 24, 1996
- ^ Schwager, Sally (2004). "Taking up the Challenge: The Origins of Radcliffe". In Laurel Thatcher Ulrich (ed.). Yards and Gates: Gender in Harvard and Radcliffe History. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 115. ISBN 1-4039-6098-4.
- ^ Bombardieri, M. (2005). Summers' remarks on women draw fire. The Boston Globe, January 17, 2005.
- ^ "M2 Cambridge Shuttle". MASCO. Retrieved August 28, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Biography in the Exeter Bulletin[dead link]
- ^ "Harvard University - Safety Report". American School Search. Retrieved 2012-03-08.
- ^ http://www.oeb.harvard.edu/cfs/
- ^ "Villa I Tatti: The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies". Itatti.it. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ^ http://shanghaicenter.harvard.edu/
- ^ "Harvard University Allston Initiative Home Page". Allston.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ "Harvard Endowment Rises $4.4 Billion to $32 Billion". Harvard Magazine. November–December. 2011. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
- ^ Beth Healy (January 28, 2010). "Harvard endowment leads others down". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
- ^ Hechinger, John (2008-12-04). "Harvard Hit by Loss as Crisis Spreads to Colleges". Wall Street Journal. p. A1.
- ^ a b Munk, Nina (August 2009). "Nina Munk on Hard Times at Harvard". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Andrew M. Rosenfield (March 4, 2009). "Understanding Endowments, Part I". Forbes. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Vidya B. Viswanathan and Peter F. Zhu (March 5, 2009). "Residents Protest Vacancies in Allston". Harvard Crimson. Retrieved February 10, 2011.
- ^ Locate Colleges Harvard University
- ^ Harvard College. "A Brief History of Harvard College". Harvard College. Retrieved 2011-07-25.
- ^ a b c d e "Carnegie Classifications - Harvard University". The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Roster of Institutions". Commission on Institutions of Higher Education, New England Association of Schools and Colleges. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Fields of Concentration". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Degree Programs". Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Handbook. pp. 28–30. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ a b "Degrees Conferred by Program: Academic Year 2008–2009". Institutional Research, Office of the Provost, Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: The Core Curricilum Requirement". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: Program in General Education Requirement". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ Hicks, D. L. (September 20, 2002). "Should Our Colleges Be Ranked?". The New York Times.
- ^ Merrow, J. (2004). "Grade Inflation: It's Not Just an Issue for the Ivy League". Carnegie Perspectives. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
- ^ "5 Year Academic Calendar". Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: Rate of Work". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: The Concentration Requirement". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Academic Information: Requirements for Honors Degrees". Handbook for Students. Harvard College. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Prize Descriptions". Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ Primack, Phil (October 5, 2008). "Doesn't Anybody Get a C Anymore?". The Boston Globe.
- ^ Kohn, A (November 8, 2002). "The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation". The Chronicle of Higher Education.
- ^ No author given. (2003). Brevia. Harvard Magazine, January–February 2003.
- ^ Milzoff, R. M., Paley, A. R., & Reed, B. J. (2001). Grade Inflation is Real. Fifteen Minutes March 1, 2001.
- ^ Bombardieri, M. & Schweitzer, S. (2006). "At Harvard, more concern for top grades." The Boston Globe, February 12, 2006. p. B3 (Benedict Gross quotes, 23.7% A/25% A- figures, characterized as an "all-time high.").
- ^ Associated Press. (2004). Princeton becomes first to formally combat grade inflation. USA Today, April 26, 2004.
- ^ Davis, Kevin S. (February 15, 1994). "How Does Harvard Define Cheating?". The Harvard Crimson,. Retrieved Sep 15, 2013. "...Cheating incidences that appear before the Ad Board almost always result in requirement to withdraw by the student..."
- ^ Curry, Coleen (August 31, 2012). "Harvard Students Accused of Cheating on Final Exam Reflects 'Culture of Cheating,' Grad Says". ABC News. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
- ^ a b Hu, Melody Y.; Newcomer, Eric P. (March 24, 2010). "Administrators Discuss College Honor Code". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved September 15, 2013. ""...one thing remains certain: many College administrators are looking for a way to combat academic dishonesty at Harvard—which Harris recently called a real problem"..."
- ^ Perez-Pena, Richard (February 1, 2013). "Students Disciplined in Harvard Scandal". The New York Times. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
- ^ Moya-Smith, Simon (September 6, 2013). "Survey: 42 percent of Harvard's incoming freshman class cheated on homework". NBC News. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
- ^ Harrington, Rebecca (September 14, 2012). "Song of the Cheaters". The New York Times. Retrieved September 15, 2013. ""...an honor code, a system ... Harvard has long resisted"
- ^ "Harvard University Tuition And Costs". Retrieved November 22, 2013.
- ^ Rimer, Sara; Finder, Alan (December 10, 2007). "Harvard Steps Up Financial Aid". The New York Times.
- ^ "Tuition at Harvard Schools: FY1990 – FY2010". Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ Burlington Free Press, June 24, 2009, page 11B, ""Harvard to cut 275 jobs" Associated Press
- ^ Office of Institutional Research (2009). Harvard University Fact Book 2009–2010. ("Faculty")
- ^ Harvard University. (2010). Financial Report, Fiscal Year 2010. p. 20.
- ^ "Member Institutions and Years of Admission". Association of American Universities. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
- ^ "Table 14: Higher education R&D expenditures, ranked by all R&D expenditures, by source of funds: FY 2011" (PDF). National Science Foundation. 2011. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
- ^ See the FAQ on the Harvard-Google partnership.
- ^ See the library portal listing of archives and special collections Harvard Libraries : Archives and Special Collections Listed Alphabetically by Name.
- ^ "World University Rankings". ShanghaiRanking Consultancy. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ "America's Top Colleges". Forbes.com LLC™. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ a b "Best Colleges". U.S. News & World Report LP. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ "About the Rankings". Washington Monthly. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ "World University Rankings". ShanghaiRanking Consultancy. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ "University Rankings". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ "World University Rankings". TSL Education Ltd. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
- ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities——Harvard University Ranking Profile". Shanghai Jiaotong University. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
- ^ "World Reputation Rankings 2013". Times Higher Education. 2012. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
- ^ Ted Nesi (October 9, 2009). "Brown slips in world university rankings". Providence Business News. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
- ^ "URAP - University Ranking by Academic Performance".
- ^ "2013-2014 PayScale College Salary Report". PayScale. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
- ^ "2013 College Education ROI Rankings: Does a Degree Always Pay Off?". PayScale. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
- ^ "Princeton Review's 2013 College Hopes & Worry Survey". PR Newswire. 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
- ^ "Princeton Review's 2009 College Hopes & Worry Survey". PR Newswire. 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
- ^ "Yale and Harvard Defeat Oxford/Cambridge Team". Yale University Athletics. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
- ^ "History of American Football". Newsdial.com. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ Nelson, David M., Anatomy of a Game: Football, the Rules, and the Men Who Made the Game, 1994, pp. 127–128
- ^ "Harvard : Women's Rugby Becomes 42nd Varsity Sport at Harvard University". Gocrimson.com. 2012-08-09. Retrieved 2013-07-05.
- ^ "The Harvard Guide: Financial Aid at Harvard". Harvard University. 2006-09-02. Archived from the original on 2006-09-02. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ a b c "Degree Student Head Count: Fall 2010". Harvard University. Retrieved March 11, 2013.
- ^ See Demographics of the United States for references.
- ^ "Fall Headcount Enrollment, 2008-2012". The Office of the Provost. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
- ^ a b "Common Data Set 2008–09" (PDF). Harvard University. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "Colleges With the Most Freshman Merit Scholars, 2009". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ "U-CAN: Harvard University". University and College Accountability Network. Retrieved August 28, 2010.
- ^ Yaqhubi, Zohra D. "Harvard College Accepts Record Low of 5.8 Percent to the Class of 2017 | News | The Harvard Crimson". Thecrimson.com. Retrieved 2013-07-05.
- ^ Finder, Alan; Arenson, Karen W. (September 12, 2006). "Harvard Ends Early Admission". The New York Times.
- ^ Golden, Daniel (January 15, 2003). "Admissions Preferences Given to Alumni Children Draws Fire". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Golden, Daniel (2006). The Price of Admission: How America's Ruling Class Buys Its Way into Elite Colleges—and Who Gets Left Outside the Gates. ISBN 1-4000-9796-7.
- ^ http://www.archdaily.com/444902/the-best-us-architecture-schools-for-2014-are/
- ^ Doug Gavel (July 7, 2006). "Alum is Apparent Winner of Presidential Election in Mexico". Harvard KSG. Retrieved July 25, 2009.
- ^ Schwartz, Nathaniel L. (21 September 1999). "University, Hollywood Relationship Not Always a 'Love Story'". Harvard Crimson. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
- ^ "Never Having To Say You're Sorry for 25 Years...". June 3, 1996. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
Further reading
- Abelmann, Walter H., ed. The Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology: The First 25 Years, 1970–1995 (2004). 346 pp.
- Beecher, Henry K. and Altschule, Mark D. Medicine at Harvard: The First 300 Years (1977). 569 pp.
- Bentinck-Smith, William, ed. The Harvard Book: Selections from Three Centuries (2d ed.1982). 499 pp.
- Bethell, John T.; Hunt, Richard M.; and Shenton, Robert. Harvard A to Z (2004). 396 pp. excerpt and text search
- Bethell, John T. Harvard Observed: An Illustrated History of the University in the Twentieth Century, Harvard University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-674-37733-8
- Bunting, Bainbridge. Harvard: An Architectural History (1985). 350 pp.
- Carpenter, Kenneth E. The First 350 Years of the Harvard University Library: Description of an Exhibition (1986). 216 pp.
- Cuno, James et al. Harvard's Art Museums: 100 Years of Collecting (1996). 364 pp.
- Elliott, Clark A. and Rossiter, Margaret W., eds. Science at Harvard University: Historical Perspectives (1992). 380 pp.
- Hall, Max. Harvard University Press: A History (1986). 257 pp.
- Hay, Ida. Science in the Pleasure Ground: A History of the Arnold Arboretum (1995). 349 pp.
- Hoerr, John, We Can't Eat Prestige: The Women Who Organized Harvard; Temple University Press, 1997, ISBN 1-56639-535-6
- Howells, Dorothy Elia. A Century to Celebrate: Radcliffe College, 1879–1979 (1978). 152 pp.
- Keller, Morton, and Phyllis Keller. Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University (2001), major history covers 1933 to 2002 online edition
- Lewis, Harry R. Excellence Without a Soul: How a Great University Forgot Education (2006) ISBN 1-58648-393-5
- Morison, Samuel Eliot. Three Centuries of Harvard, 1636–1936 (1986) 512pp; excerpt and text search
- Powell, Arthur G. The Uncertain Profession: Harvard and the Search for Educational Authority (1980). 341 pp.
- Reid, Robert. Year One: An Intimate Look inside Harvard Business School (1994). 331 pp.
- Rosovsky, Nitza. The Jewish Experience at Harvard and Radcliffe (1986). 108 pp.
- Seligman, Joel. The High Citadel: The Influence of Harvard Law School (1978). 262 pp.
- Sollors, Werner; Titcomb, Caldwell; and Underwood, Thomas A., eds. Blacks at Harvard: A Documentary History of African-American Experience at Harvard and Radcliffe (1993). 548 pp.
- Trumpbour, John, ed., How Harvard Rules. Reason in the Service of Empire, Boston: South End Press, 1989, ISBN 0-89608-283-0
- Ulrich, Laurel Thatcher, ed., Yards and Gates: Gender in Harvard and Radcliffe History, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. 337 pp.
- Winsor, Mary P. Reading the Shape of Nature: Comparative Zoology at the Agassiz Museum (1991). 324 pp.
- Wright, Conrad Edick. Revolutionary Generation: Harvard Men and the Consequences of Independence (2005). 298 pp.
External links
Find more about Harvard University at Wikipedia's sister projects | |
Media from Commons | |
Source texts from Wikisource | |
Database entry Q13371 on Wikidata |
Coordinates: 42°22′28″N 71°07′01″W / 42.37444°N 71.11694°W
- Association of American Universities
- 1636 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
- Association of Independent Colleges and Universities in Massachusetts members
- Colonial Colleges
- Educational institutions established in the 1630s
- Harvard University
- National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities members
- New England Association of Schools and Colleges
- Universities and colleges in Cambridge, Massachusetts


text:
What Does DogFriendly.com Offer? Select From Our Pull-Down Menu Dog-Friendly Hotels & Lodging Dog-Friendly City Guides ...Attractions, Restaurants & More Dog-Friendly Ski Resorts Dog-Friendly Camping/RV Parks Dog-Friendly Beach Guide Dog-Friendly Outdoor Dining Dog-Friendly Attraction Guide Dog-Friendly Park Guide Off-Leash Dog Parks Public Transportation & Dogs Dog Camps Dog-Friendly Events Dog Photo Gallery Dog & Pet Store Dog Travel Guide Books Top 10 Dog-Friendly Cities Top 10 Dog-Friendly Resorts DogFriendly.com's Newsletter Book Reseller Information Advertise with DogFriendly.com Online Press Kit About Us/Contact Us
U.S. Dog Travel Guides
Dog City Guides
Outdoor Dining
Dog Parks
Dog & Pet Store
Campgrounds & RV Parks
Dog Travel Books
Mobile Apps
Dog Photos
Residence Inn Silicon Valley i
Residence Inn Silicon Valley iPet-Friendly Extended Stay Hotels750 Lakeway DriveSunnyvale,California 94085Call 866-676-3077 To Book This Hotel Get Map or Directions Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley I is located 5 miles from the San Jose Airport (SJC) and nearby world famous Moffett Air Field. With our spacious suites, fully equipped kitchens, complimentary high-speed Internet, daily breakfast buffet, & light dinners Mon-Thurs evenings, the Residence Inn Silicon Valley I is the perfect "home away from home".Area businesses include Apple, Linked-In, Fujitsu, Hewlett-Packard, Lockheed Martin, & Stanford University prefer Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley I. This Silicon Valley hotel is near Great America Theme Park & Winchester Mystery House and has easy access to San Francisco's Chinatown and Fisherman's Wharf, Napa Valley Wine Country & Santa Cruz Beach Boardwalk. Guests can easily shop at Gilroy Premium Outlets, Santana Row & Westfield Valley Fair Mall. Outdoor activities which include hiking, beach and golf are nearby Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley I. Come stay with us and relax in our pool or play on our Sport Court after a busy day!Dogs of all sizes are allowed. There is a $100 one time additional pet fee.
=indicates DogFriendly.com's dog-friendly advertisers!
Air Travel
Highway Guides
Books and Ebooks
List Your Property
About Us
Press Kit
Contact Us
Recommend Places

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Looking for something else?
Rodeway Inn Lackland AFB/Sea World6500 Old Highway 90 West, San Antonio, TX 78227 (Show map)
Score from 35 reviews
PRoXimity to air base.
For the money it was O.K. very clean, (that's important)
Huntsville, Texas
The location was close to Lackland AFB.
Mount Vernon
Location was excellent for the Airforce graduation.Staff was very unfriendly
Owners are extremely helpful. We were there for our son's graduation from Basic Training at Lackland Air Force. We were given easy directions to the Air Force base, which was very close. Would definitely recommend this motel.
Excellent staff service with . Outstandding Continental breakfast. They really make you feel that you are among Friends with their helpfull hints.
The friendly staff. Got lots of info and directs from owner. It was very clean and quite. We had a very nice trip. We will be back.
Staff very friendly and honest staff . I would recommend this place.
el centro,ca.
very clean room nice people at th counter
san juan
Staff was very nice
Ideally placed for those attending a basic training graduation or other special event at Lackland Air Force Base, the hotel is also convenient to additional attractions and local points of interest. Guests can take advantage of the year-round outdoor pool with a sun deck and get discounted tickets to SeaWorld. The hotel offers free Wi-Fi in all rooms and additional business conveniences such as free USA Today newspapers and access to copy and fax services. Located only 10 minutes from the city centre, guests can enjoy easy access to the Tower of Americas. While in the city centre, take a scenic Yanaguana Cruise along the well known San Antonio River Walk. SeaWorld San Antonio is only 9.7 km away. We speak your language! Motel: 70 rooms , Hotel Chain: Rodeway Inn. The most recent booking for this property was made on Mar 11 at 3:51 AM from the United States.
Why use Booking.com?Why use Booking.com?Low ratesNo booking fees • Save money! • Best Price Guaranteed 433,412 properties worldwide
Including 116,640 vacation rentals Unbiased reviews26,110,000 reviews from real guests We speak your languageWebsite and customer service in English (US) and 41 other languages Booking is safeWhen you book with us your details are protected by a secure connection. OutdoorsOutdoor Pool, Outdoor Pool (All Year) InternetFree! Wi-Fi is available in all areas and is free of charge. ParkingFree! Free public parking is available on site (reservation is not needed). ServicesVending Machine (Drinks), Vending Machine (Snacks), 24-Hour Front Desk, Express Check-in/Check-out, Laundry, Business Center, Fax/Photocopying GeneralNewspapers, Safe, Non-smoking Rooms, Facilities for Disabled Guests, Heating, Air Conditioning Check-in2:00 PM - 12:00 AM Check-outUntil 12:00 PM Cancellation/
Days Inn San AntonioLocated along Highway 90, this pet-friendly hotel is next to the entrance of Lackland Air Force Base. It features a hot continental breakfast and an outdoor pool. Guest rooms include free Wi-Fi.Most recent booking for this hotel was today at 04:08
Score from 39 reviews
Review score
- 6.9/10
Carefree Inn San AntonioJust off Highway 410, this San Antonio motel is less than 100 yards from the main entrance to Lackland Air Force Base. It features an outdoor pool, a hot tub and rooms with free Wi-Fi.Most recent booking for this hotel was today at 05:55
Score from 185 reviews
Review score
- 6/10
Econo Lodge Downtown SouthIn San Antonio, this hotel is less than a 10-minute drive to The Alamo and River Walk. It features a full hot breakfast and rooms with free Wi-Fi. A flat-screen LCD TV is included in all rooms.Most recent booking for this hotel was today at 07:00
Score from 130 reviews
- 7.8/10
Pinn Road Inn and SuitesLackland Air Force Base is just 2 miles from this San Antonio, TX inn. The hotel features outdoor BBQ facilities and all rooms come with a 32-inch flat-screen TV.Most recent booking for this hotel was today at 02:22
Score from 170 reviews
- 8.9/10


text:
Tetris On The Toilet
Credits & Info
- Date
- 06/03/2010
- File Info
- Song
- 1 min 49 sec
- Score
- 4.27 / 5.00
Related Content
Heard in 9 Entries!
Lab of the Dead by Evil-Dog
- Game
- Rated M
- 1,852,159 Views
Vuvu Hero by RubberNinja
- Game
- Rated M
- 550,973 Views
The Apple Situation by SirReginald
- Movie
- Rated E
- 6,198 Views
Headbanging Hero: Metal by MonoFlauta
- Game
- Rated T
- 30,370 Views
View all submissions featuring this audio file.
Licensing Terms
- Attribution:
- You must give credit to the artist.
- Noncommercial:
- You may not use this work for commercial purposes unless you make specific arrangements with the artist.
- Share Alike:
- If you alter, transform, or build upon this image, you may distribute the resulting creation only under a license identical to this one.
- Score:
- Rated 4.27 / 5 stars
- Plays & Downloads:
- 84,140 Plays | 940,735 Downloads
- Share Links:
- Genres:
- Metal, Rock - Heavy Metal
- None
Author Comments
Hey people! Here's a little metal song I made featuring DruoxTheShredder on the vocals
*crazy applause*
Music by me, myself and I
Hooah! *Headbangs until neck breaks*
Lyrics and vocals by DruoxTheShredder:
Far away from the toilet bowl
I sit
By myself as the urges grow
I know
that it's almost time for me to get over there
The toilet is calling!
I can't
These urges in my thighs
It's time
To fly
I do not have much time!
The time is up, I got to go, it's time to get to the toilet bowl
The time is up, I got to go, it's time to get to the toilet bowl
The time is up, I got to go, it's time to get to the toilet bowl
The time is up, I got to go, gotta get myself to the toilet bowl
Racing at the speed that my own feet can carry me
I reach the door and open it and find my destiny!
I know that I need something to pass the time!
Luckily, i brought my gameboy and I think tetris will do just
Rated 5 / 5 stars November 4, 2013
....dude wtf.. i still do exactly what is in this some sometimes...
Rated 5 / 5 stars September 29, 2013
I just found this and wow. WOW. wow. This is creepy. Creepy in that you somehow managed to capture my entire childhood in a song. How did you... I don't even... Dude, it's like you are some kind of soul reader. 5/5 or 10/10.


text:
Hummus is traditionally made with chickpeas, but soybeans make a nutritious substitute.
Soybean Hummus
Black Bean and Corn Quesadillas
Taking less than 15 minutes from start to finish, this quesadilla is perfect after a late night at work.
Italian-Inspired Vegetable Medley
Jazz up everyday mixed vegetables with Italian flavours of Parmesan and tomato.
Broccoli Ranch Slaw
Here's an easy side salad to any of our PC single serve entrees, whether you're packing one for lunch or for a solo dinner.
Edamame & Corn Salad
Most kids like edamame, even those who wouldn't touch a canned soybean.
Chunky Hummus Vegetable Wrap
Serve leftover hummus another day with PC Blue Menu tortilla chips or vegetables for dipping.
Chunky Hummus Vegetable Wrap is first wrap on far left in picture. -
Reverse Bruschetta
This bruschetta is reverse because you dip the bread into the topping instead of spooning the topping onto the bread.
Honeyed Ricotta with Berries
Tired of the same old breakfast cereal? This low-fat breakfast dish is high in protein and provides all the goodness of berries.
Lightened Up Creamy Coleslaw
We've made a low fat creamy coleslaw by substituting plain yogurt for the usual full fat mayonnaise. Prepackaged coleslaw mix is a great time-saver; look for it in the produce section.
Citrus and Beet Salad
A colourful, low fat salad you can make year-round. Although our dressing was developed to go with spinach, this recipe works equally well with baby arugula.


text:
New Yorker editor David Remnick revisits last month's Avraham Burg brouhaha in a characteristically judicious and thoughtful dispatch from Israel.
The full New Yorker article is here.
Hat tip: Jewschool.
French Jews on arrival in Israel say: "'In France I was worried, in Israel I feel safe'" "Two planes carrying 600 new immigrants from France land at Ben-Gurion Airport, marking biggest aliyah event since beginning of year. More than 3,000 olim expected to arrive from France by end of 2007" Yael Branovsky Published: 07.25.07, 09:36 / Israel Jewish Scene http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3429568,00.html
Great, one Israeli Mr. Burg moves to France and it's a big "affair." 800 French Jews just mmoved to Israel and no American paper including the Forward bothered to mention it. This year it's expected that a total of 3000 French Jews will move to Israel. Many other Jews will move to the US. Is it possible that these French Jews know something that Burg doesn't?


text:
About Us
MyVineSpace is a freelance online marketing and web services provider specializing in Social Media. All the services we offer are listed here and you can see a list of some of our customers under Featured Wineries on the left sidebar.
You'll see posts on this blog on both wine and social media and, now that I have taken a new job as Special Events Coordinator at Love Apple Farms, you will be seeing more posts on food and the local food movement. We try to be both fun and educational and we hope you enjoy them all. |
Cheryl Wolhar, aka @MyVineSpace is a Sales Professional with a passion for Social Media Marketing.Cheryl has many years of sales and marketing experience at high tech companies such as WebEx, RackSpace and Yahoo, and now provides web hosting, web development and social marketing services to the wine industry, and other small businesses. She specializes in social media offering coaching, analysis, strategies, management and implementation. If you are interested in discussing your Social Media needs, need help with twitter, facebook, websites, eCommerce, starting a blog or in creating your own branded social community, please contact her directly. You can review her full profile on LinkedIn. |
Laura Ness, aka "@HerVineNess," is a long-time resident of the Santa Cruz Mountains in Northern California, where rugged terrain helps create uniquely character-driven wine. She's been exploring the ever-growing wine regions of California for nearly 30 years, and writes for many industry and consumer publications. She'll tell you that great wine is like poetry: it sings to you in a voice you can't ignore, and with a melody you can never forget. Each wine region has a secret message you can only decode by being there. Arrive, observe, sip, savor. Pass it on. Laura also provides wine marketing and PR. Contact Laura at: high...@got.net |
Comments on this entry are closed.


text:
- News
- Image Galleries
- A tour of Apple's iTunes 11 (pictures)
Song title on mini player
4 of 17 from A tour of Apple's iTunes 11 (pictures)
When a new song starts, the mini player will pop up with the title. This happens here on the Mac, instead of through Notification Center.
November 29, 2012 11:45 AM PST
Photo by: Josh Lowensohn/CNET
| Caption by: Josh Lowensohn
Member Comments
Add Your Comment
Conversation powered by Livefyre


text:
Select one of the options below to jumpstart the search for your next car.
Just the right size, fit your family comfortably in these vehicles with ample leg space to match.
Looking for your first vehicle, make sure it's fuel efficient with just the right price.
Form and power in your mind, browse through the coupes and convertibles in the list.
With more than 5 family members, you'll need a vehicle that makes sure everyone is comfortably seated.
Getting ready for Throwback Thursday? Check out these vehicles from the 80s and 90s.
If you're looking for vehicles for your business, search through trucks, buses, and more.
Prestige, performance and power, these vehicles offer features to match the price tag.
Make sure you're geared up to drive through any terrain with these Pick-ups and SUVs.
For some, fuel type matters. Look for Diesel fueled vehicles now.
What's the best thing you've done?
Latest Models
from Php 1,720,000
from Php 775,000
from Php 592,000
from Php 710,000
from Php 578,000
Featured Vehicles
Brand New
Featured Sellers
Our dream is to become a truly global enterprise and to establish the Bridgestone brand as the undisputed world No. 1 brand in both name and substance.
Quality Used Vehicles from Kotse Network
Established in 1995, Kotse Network Timog brings quality used vehicles to the market.


text:
Quick Facts
- NAME: Dermot Mulroney
- OCCUPATION: Actor
- BIRTH DATE: October 31, 1963 (Age: 50)
- EDUCATION: Northwestern University
- PLACE OF BIRTH: Alexandria, Virginia
- ZODIAC SIGN: Scorpio
Best Known For
Actor Dermot Mulroney enjoyed a breakout role in Young Guns before proving a capable romantic lead alongside Julia Roberts in My Best Friend's Wedding.
Think you know about Biography?
Answer questions and see how you rank against other players.
Play NowDermot Mulroney. (2014). The Biography Channel website. Retrieved 09:01, Mar 09, 2014, from http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423.
Dermot Mulroney. [Internet]. 2014. The Biography Channel website. Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423 [Accessed 09 Mar 2014].
"Dermot Mulroney." 2014. The Biography Channel website. Mar 09 2014, 09:01 http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423.
"Dermot Mulroney," The Biography Channel website, 2014, http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423 [accessed Mar 09, 2014].
"Dermot Mulroney," The Biography Channel website, http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423 (accessed Mar 09, 2014).
Dermot Mulroney [Internet]. The Biography Channel website; 2014 [cited 2014 Mar 09] Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423.
Dermot Mulroney, http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423 (last visited Mar 09, 2014).
Dermot Mulroney. The Biography Channel website. 2014. Available at: http://www.biography.com/people/dermot-mulroney-21187423. Accessed Mar 09, 2014.
Born on October 31, 1963, in Alexandria, Virginia, Dermot Mulroney embarked on a Hollywood career after impressing a visiting talent agent in college. He enjoyed a breakout role in the 1988 western Young Guns, and became mainly known as a romantic lead after his star turn in My Best Friend's Wedding (1997). In addition to his film and television work, Mulroney is an accomplished cello player.
"I remember my father once told me, about acting, which he knows nothing about, to 'represent the epitome of reality.' That's how he put it. I thought that was good advice, for an actor, from a law professor."
Early Life
Dermot Mulroney was born on October 31, 1963, in Alexandria, Virginia. The third of five children raised by Michael, a tax law professor and amateur racecar driver, and Ellen, a former actress, Mulroney grew up in an environment where creativity was nurtured. He began playing the cello at age 7, and started performing with youth orchestra and community theater groups.
Mulroney attended Northwestern University, where he studied film and television production and acted in a few plays. Just prior to his graduation in 1985, he made a strong impression on a visiting agent from Hollywood's William Morris Agency, and he moved to Los Angeles that summer with major representation already in tow.
Hollywood Hunk
Mulroney began his career in a series of TV movies before landing the part of "Dirty Steve" Stephens in the Emilio Estevez-Kiefer Sutherland western, Young Guns (1988). Despite the film's success, Mulroney remained relatively unknown as he sought to find his place among the industry's hierarchy of young talent. He received critical acclaim for his role as a gay man who dies from AIDS in the 1990 drama Longtime Companion, and showed off his musical abilities by writing and performing the song "Someone Else's Used Guitar" in The Thing Called Love (1993). Mulroney also found parts in mainstream fare, playing Bridget Fonda's boyfriend in Point of No Return (1993) and a detective in the 1995 Sigourney Weaver thriller Copycat.
In 1997, Mulroney starred his most recognizable role since Young Guns as Michael O'Neal, a groom caught between Julia Roberts and Cameron Diaz in My Best Friend's Wedding. He attempted to resist typecasting by turning to more eclectic parts, including Jack Nicholson's son-in-law-to-be in the 2002 dark comedy About Schmidt, but his good looks and charm made him a natural leading romantic man. He delivered an enjoyable turn as thoughtful escort Nick Turner in The Wedding Date (2005), and as Dr. Simon Ward he spurned the advances of the teenaged Lindsay Lohan in Georgia Rule (2007).
Mulroney has remained a regular on the big screen in recent years, with prominent supporting parts in the Liam Neeson action flick The Grey (2011) and the Steve Jobs biopic Jobs (2013). Additionally, he has become more of a familiar presence on television, with recurring roles on the goofy sitcom New Girl and the HBO drama Enlightened. If not an A-list star, the veteran actor has carved out a niche for himself as a likeable, reliable performer capable of both serious and lighthearted fare.
Personal Life
Mulroney met actress Catherine Keener while the two were on set for Survival Quest in 1987. They married in 1990 and had one son before divorcing in 2007. In 2008, he married his second wife, Tharita Catulle, with whom he has two daughters.
profile name: Dermot Mulroney profile occupation:
Your Connections
Sign in with Facebook to see how you and your friends are connected to famous icons.
Profile Connections
Included In These Groups
Cast of Jobs
Learn more about the cast of Jobs, the 2013 biopic of legendary Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. The film stars Ashton Kutcher as Jobs, and many other members of Hollywood's elite, including Dermot Mulroney, Lesley Ann Warren, Josh Gad, Matthew Modine and James Woods. Read full biographies, and view photos and videos, only at Biography.com.
Cast of Jobs 6 people in this group
Famous Scorpios 554 people in this group
Famous Actors
Browse notable actors such as Woody Allen, John Belushi, and Steve Buscemi.
Famous Actors 1024 people in this group


text:
Chinese New Year Traditions and How To Celebrate With Your Family!
I've been celebrating Chinese New Year since I was a child, but I didn't always know what all the traditions meant. To me it just involved lots of food and getting dollar bills from my relatives in red envelopes. And yes, the traditions do involve those things, but it's really about joining together with family and friends to welcome the new year with peace, prosperity and good luck. Now as a mom I believe it's important to honor those traditions with my kids and teach them the importance of the meaning behind it.
So in case you were wondering, here's a quick primer on what Chinese New Year is all about and simple ways you can celebrate with your family.
What is Chinese New Year?
It is one of the most important Chinese holidays and celebrated by many other Asian cultures as well. It marks the start of the new year based on the lunar calendar. 2012 is the Year of The Dragon. The Dragon is the most powerful of the 12 zodiac signs. It symbolizes power and change. Many are optimistic that it means better times ahead for 2012.
When Is It?
It falls on a different date each year between end of January and end of February, since it is based on a Lunar Calendar. This year it starts January 23rd. Celebrations go on for 15 days.
What are some of the traditions leading up to the new year?
Cleaning your house to sweep away any bad luck and welcome in the new year, a traditional Chinese feast with family on New Year's Eve with symbolic foods. Maybe a new outfit, new haircut, new shoes to start fresh.
What is the symbolism behind the food?
Fish symbolizes abundance because the word fish also sounds like "extra"/"yu", Noodles symbolize longevity because they are long, Dumplings represent prosperity-the half moon shape resembles traditional gold ingots. Fresh fruit symbolize life and new beginnings, oranges a symbol of good luck and fortune.
What is the Red Envelope for? "Hong Bao" Adults fill red envelopes with money to give to children as a symbol good luck and a blessing for the new year. Some even sleep on them overnight under their pillows for even more good luck.
Simple Ways To Celebrate
1. Learn Chinese-"Gong Xi Fa Tsai" (Mandarin) or "Gong Hay Fat Chow"(Cantonese) is how people greet others for Chinese New Year, but the translation is not just Happy New Year it means "Congratulations and Be Prosperous"!
2. Decorate- Red is the symbol for good luck and fortune. You can put up red decorations or wrap your front door with red paper.
3. Eat- Have your own Chinese feast. While the tradition is to make your own homemade dumplings or "jiao zi" you can also boil or pan fry some store bought ones, have some noodles for long life, or put out fresh fruit, especially mandarin oranges for good luck.
4. Crafts- Make your own "hongbao" red envelopes with your children. Just use some red paper and they can decorate it. Fill it with some dollar bills for fun!


text:
& Deals
& Celebrations
or Login
Join FREE Log In
This winner looks and tastes like it's from an Italian deli!
©2013 General Mills, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This information will only be used to send an email to your friend(s) and will not be saved. Please read our Privacy Policy.
Italian Grilled Vegetable Pasta Salad
Italian Appetizer Wedges
Slow-Cooked Italian Sausage Pasta Sauce with Spaghetti
Pizza Lasagna
Broccoli and Tortellini Alfredo
Zesty Italian Crescent Casserole


text:
Vern Elmo Mullen
Position: E-HB
Height: 6-0 Weight: 186 lbs.
Born: February 27, 1900 in Taylorville, IL
Died: September 14, 1980 in Taft, CA
College: Illinois, West Virginia Wesleyan (school history)
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 0 (14415th overall since 1950)
Let people know you like this site. Sponsor this page for $5. Your message will replace this ad.
Output includes all games from 1940 to 2013.


text:
Hi, I'm new here. I've started a site and I am looking for a gun retailer to feature on it. I was originally going to go with gun broker.com. but, they are no longer taking affiliates. Would you be interested? The site is firearms online
Forum Rules
View Tag Cloud


text:
UNK Quick Links Quick Links A-Z Website Listing Office of the Chancellor Campus Maps UNK Factbook Calendar of Events Policies & Procedures Contact Information Registrar's Office UNK Alert Undergraduate Graduate International eCampus Scholarships & Fin. Aid Academic Affairs American Democracy Undergraduate Studies International Education Study Abroad Academic Calendar Colleges & Departments Computer Use Policy Course Catalog Library eCampus Classes Schedule of Classes Transcripts Firefly Academic Calendar Blackboard LoperMail eCampus Helpdesk (ITS) Major/Advisor Change (ugrad) Student Union Student Government LoperCAREERS Telecommunications The Antelope Online KLPR Radio UNK ID Card MyBLUE Blackboard Ektron Login Faculty Senate Firefly Future Catalog Helpdesk (ITS) Email Staff Senate Telephone Directory UNK ID Card myBlue Assessment Current Catalog Faculty Handbook Policies & Procedures The Antelope Online UNK Today UNK Factbook Business & Finance Academic & Career Services Contact Information Employment at UNK Human Resources ITS Police/Parking Services Dining Services Alumni Association NU Foundation NU System
Visit Campus!Apply Today!
Once in Kearney
You are expected to arrive in the USA by the report date indicated on item #5 of your I-20 (F-1) or item #3 on the DS-2019 (J-1). The report date is scheduled prior to the day classes convene to enable mandatory immigration registration and adjustment. You have many things to accomplish before school starts.
UNK offers important orientation activities before the academic term begins to acquaint you with the campus, the community and with U.S. Immigration requirements. U.S. consulates and embassies will usually issue the F-1 visa/DS-2019 no more than 30 days before the report date.
If you must arrive later than your stated report date, contact the International Admissions Office at UNK as soon as possible. You may be required to have new documents!
Check In at ISS: All international students must report to the International Student Services Offices located in Welch Hall, on West Campus for check-in and SEVIS registration. Bring the following documents with you: Form I-20/DS-2019, passport, I-94 card, along with any other documents the port of entry official may have given you during your arrival. Likewise, if you will be using your own home country issued health insurance, you must present a copy of the policy (or card) that lists the coverage so it can be reviewed for minimum requirements and approval. You will be asked to submit a UNK Insurance Waiver Form. Our office is open 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday.
Open Registration – Scheduled for the Friday before classes convene and continuing through the first week of classes, ending on the next Friday. Follow the instructions listed in the class schedule. The Registrar's Office and the Academic Advising Office will provide help with registration. Please let us know if you have any problems registering for classes. You will need your ID number to register. When registering, you will be asked to enter a 6-digit PIN (Personal identification number) of your choice.
For further assistance with the immigration process you can go to:


text:
Asbestos Mesothelioma Lawyers and Law Firms in Belleair Beach, FL
Asbestos Mesothelioma Attorneys
Jeeves Law Group, P.A.
St. Petersburg, Florida Personal Injury Law Firm
(727) 755-9000Jeeves Law Group is a St. Petersburg, Florida personal injury firm which provides representation to clients throughout its surrounding areas and those of its Tampa and Lakeland offices with more than thirty years of combined experience. The firm is committed to reliable and professional...
Law Firm's Overview
Free Consultation
Whittel & Melton, LLC
Florida Personal Injury, Criminal Defense and Family Lawyers
(727) 847-2299 or (866) 608-5529Whittel & Melton, LLC is a Florida full service law firm providing skilled representation in cases involving personal injury, wrongful death, and serious criminal & DUI defense. We have a well-earned reputation for providing effective legal counsel. We stand behind our clients...
Law Firm's Overview
Abrahamson & Uiterwyk
Clearwater, Florida Personal Injury Lawyers
(727) 725-9411 or (800) 753-5203Abrahamson & Uiterwyk, a personal injury and medical malpractice law firm with an office located in Clearwater, has represented injured individuals and their families for over 20 years. Our lawyers provide prompt, aggressive and quality representation that have been seriously...
Law Firm's Overview
Free Consultation
Shapiro, Goldman, Babboni & Walsh
St. Petersburg, Florida Auto Accidents and Personal Injury Lawyers
(727) 381-9200 or (855) 577-7711At Shapiro, Goldman, Babboni & Walsh, our attorneys have more than 100 years of combined Florida legal experience in all areas of personal injury including wrongful death and negligence cases. Attorneys at Shapiro, Goldman, Babboni and Walsh are active and deeply involved in...
Law Firm's Overview
Heyman Law Firm
St. Petersburg, FL - Law Firm near Belleair BeachSt. Petersburg, Florida Personal Injury & Criminal Attorney
(727) 822-3700Attorney Robert E. Heyman has practiced trial law in the Tampa Bay area since 1983 and is an aggressive advocate for both citizens who find themselves the target of a criminal investigation as well as accident and injury victims.; In his career, Robert Heyman has personally tried over 100 jury...
Leavengood, Dauval & Boyle, P.A.
St. Petersburg, FL - Law Firm near Belleair BeachSt. Petersburg, Florida Personal Injury and Motor Vehicle Accident Attorneys
(727) 327-3328Leavengood & Nash is a personal injury law firm serving clients from throughout Florida. A St. Petersburg personal injury attorney from their team has years of experience in protecting victims of dog bites, car accidents, medical malpractice, birth injuries, and more. They are dedicated to...
Mark Perenich, Attorney at Law
Clearwater, FL - Law Firm near Belleair BeachFlorida Personal Injury and Accident Lawyer
(727) 386-9677I am Mark Perenich, I am a licensed Florida personal injury attorney and I have practiced in Florida for almost 30 years, my firm is Clearwater's oldest firm. We have been serving the Tampa Bay area since 1955 I created this website to inform potential clients, blog about current events, and to...
Russo & Russo, P.A.
St. Petersburg, FL - Law Firm near Belleair BeachCriminal Defense, DUI, Social Security, and Personal Injury Law Firm
(727) 578-0303The Law Offices of Russo & Russo represents people facing criminal charges in St. Petersburg, Clearwater, and other areas of Pinellas County. Our lawyers understand that being charged with a criminal offense can bring anxiety, uncertainty, and frustration. Our office encourages you to contact...
Other Offices: Clearwater
Stinnette Law
Dunedin, FL - Law Firm near Belleair BeachStinnette Personal Injury Law
(727) 733-4878Stinnette Law; Pinellas County Accident and Injury Attorney ; Andrew Stinnette Esq. represents clients from Pinellas County and surrounding communities, ensuring full and proper compensation for losses arising from: Auto Collisions, Wrongful Death, Motorcycle Accidents, Slip & Fall Injuries,...


text:
Loading streams...
Now Playing
Connect with Us
Podcasts & RSS Feeds
All Content |
View all podcasts & RSS feeds |
Most Active Stories
KUNM News
News Director
All Things Considered Host/ Reporter
Public Health New Mexico Web Author
Public Health New Mexico Reporter
News Intern
News Intern
9:12 am
Thu March 14, 2013
Theater Grottesco and The Center for Contemporary Arts present "EVENTUA"
Thurs. 3/14 10a: Local, national and international theater artists perform this spring as part of "EVENTUA," a performing arts festival taking place through early May in the Muñoz Waxman Gallery at Santa Fe's Center for Contemporary Arts. The festival is a collaboration between the CCA and Santa Fe's Theater Grottesco. Spencer Beckwith speaks with the founder and Artistic Director of Theater Grottesco, John Flax.


text:
Tech News and Reviews
SmartQ T7 is in-stock, Video Review is Available !
Product page: http://www.ownta.com/smartdevices-smartq-t7-tablet-pc-with-wifi-pre-order.html
We are waiting this Android 2.1 device for a long time, today, we get this in stock, and share our video review with all you, it's a nice Tablet PC with good features:
- WiFi wireless built in
- With G-sensor built in
- Using Google Android 2.1 operation system
- RMVB、AVI、MKV、WMV video files, max up to 1080p video playback.
- Powered by 4500mAh powerful li-ion battery
For more information, please check our MID page: http://www.ownta.com/wholesale-dropship-computers/tablet-pc-mid-and-umpc/