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Current Policy Proceedings
Integrated Energy Policy Reports
2005 Integrated Energy Policy Report
2005 IEPR - Docket # 04-IEP-1, et. al.
Please note that the back-up materials, notices, and support documents for this proceeding have been moved to the Energy Commission's Archive website. That website is located at: www.energyarchive.ca.gov.
The 2004-2005 Integrated Energy Policy Report Committee that oversaw this proceeding is:
John L. Geesman, Commissioner and Presiding Member |
James D. Boyd, Commissioner and Associate Member |
Senate Bill 1389 (SB 1389, Bowen and Sher, Chapter 568, Statutes of 2002) requires the California Energy Commission to adopt an Integrated Energy Policy Report every two years.
This web section is for the 2005 Integrated Energy Policy Report, which was adopted by the Energy Commission on November 21, 2005. The Commission held more than 50 public workshops and hearings. It published 80 supporting reports, scores of presentations, and received hundreds of public comments. The final main reports can be downloaded below. Background materials and supporting documents can be found in the on our EnergyArchive site. The Executive Summary of the report is below.
2005 Integrated Energy Policy Report 2005 Integrated Energy Policy Report - (REVISED) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY, Publication # CEC-100-2005-007-ES, posted: November 21, 2005. (PDF file, 18 pages, 440 kilobytes) |
Commission Final Transmittal of 2005 Energy Report Range of Need and Policy Recommendations to the California Public Utilities Commission - Commission Final Report, publication # CEC-100-2005-008-CMF. Posted: December 16, 2005. (PDF file, 300 pages, 1.0 megabytes) |
Strategic Transmission Investment Plan, Commission Final Report, publication # CEC-100-2005-006-CMF (PDF file, 117, 2.0 megabytes) |
California is the sixth largest economy in the world. To meet the needs of its growing population, California's economy depends upon affordable, reliable, and environmentally sound supplies of electricity, natural gas, and transportation fuels. The challenge for California's policy makers is to manage an energy sector that is increasingly dependent on oil and natural gas and may face spiraling energy prices, potential supply shortages, and an inadequate and aging energy delivery infrastructure.
Energy prices in California are higher than ever before. Gasoline prices reached record levels in September, consuming valuable dollars that could otherwise have been spent on goods and services to help bolster the state's recovering economy. With world oil prices topping $70 per barrel, it is unlikely that gasoline consumers will see any meaningful relief in the near future. Electricity rates, although not as erratic as they were during the state's 2000-2001 energy crisis, are still among the highest in the nation, forcing businesses to struggle to maintain profit margins as the cost of doing business in the state rises. California depends upon natural gas to generate about half of its electricity, so natural gas prices that have more than doubled since 2000 are likely to keep electricity rates high.
Energy demand in all sectors will continue to rise with California's rapidly growing population and strengthening business sector. Weather-adjusted electricity consumption in California increased an average of 2 percent over each of the last two years, and continues to rise. Meanwhile, state demand for transportation fuels has increased 48 percent over the last 20 years and continues to grow at an alarming rate despite record high gasoline and diesel prices. The state's dependence on natural gas to generate electricity is escalating along with the demand for natural gas in the residential and commercial sectors, with California's natural gas consumption second only to that of Texas.
Despite improvements in power plant licensing, enormously successful energy efficiency programs, and continued technological advances, development of new energy supplies is not keeping pace with the state's increasing demand. Construction of new power plants has lagged and the number of new plant permit applications has decreased. In addition, the development of new renewable resources has been slower than anticipated, due in part to the state's complex and cumbersome Renewable Portfolio Standard process. In the transportation sector, California's refineries cannot keep up with the mounting need for petroleum fuels and consequently depend upon increasing levels of imports to meet the state's needs. California also imports 87 percent of its natural gas supplies, which are increasingly threatened by declining production in most U.S. supply basins and growing demand in neighboring states.
California's energy infrastructure may be unable to meet the state's energy delivery needs in the near future. The most critical infrastructure issue is the state's electricity transmission system, which has become progressively stressed in recent years. The systematic under-investment in transmission infrastructure is reducing system reliability and increasing operational costs. Last year, transmission congestion and related reliability services cost California consumers over $1 billion. The state also experienced price spikes and several local outages over the past summer. California's petroleum import and refinery infrastructure also faces challenges including the inherent conflict between the need to expand import, refining, and storage facilities to meet transportation fuel demands and the environmental and social concerns of local communities affected by these needed expansions. In the natural gas sector, California has made infrastructure improvements that will increase the reliability and operational flexibility of the natural gas system, but must still address the need for additional pipeline capacity to meet peak demand.
In the 2003 Energy Report and the 2004 Energy Report Update, the California Energy Commission recommended a broad range of strategies to reduce energy demand, secure additional energy supplies, move toward more sustainable technologies and fuel types, and build the necessary infrastructure to protect California from future supply disruptions and high prices. The Energy Action Plan, adopted earlier this year by the Energy Commission and the California Public Utilities Commission, sets out a series of concrete actions for the state to undertake to meet these challenges. The state must reinforce its commitment to these efforts and take immediate action to address problems in the energy sector to meet the state's policy goal of ensuring adequate, affordable, reliable, and environmentally-sound energy services for its citizens.
Ensuring Adequate Electricity Supplies
As the state's demand for electricity increases, California could face severe shortages in the next few years. Of particular concern are the potential impacts of higher-than-average summer temperatures, which can drastically increase the state's electricity demand, as well as shortages resulting from decreased hydroelectric generation in lower-than-average precipitation years. Either of these situations could cause dangerously low reserve margins and potential supply disruptions, particularly in Southern California. Reserve margins could also be affected by the retirement of aging natural gas-fired power plants, which remain critical components of California's generation fleet despite strong policy directives to diversify the state's electricity supplies.
The 2005 Energy Report assessment of electricity supply and demand concludes that maintaining adequate electricity reserves will be difficult over the next few years. The state has made some progress toward resource adequacy for investor-owned utilities by requiring them to maintain year-round 15-17 percent reserve margins. Jurisdictional authority over other load serving entities is less clear. Until recently there was no formal mechanism to ensure resource adequacy for publicly owned utilities, which provide up to 30 percent of the state's electricity. In September 2005 the Legislature passed and the Governor signed AB 380 (Nunez), Chapter 367, Statutes of 2005, which extends jurisdiction over independent load serving entities and requires publicly owned utilities to report their respective supply circumstances to the Energy Commission so that their resource adequacy progress can be accurately assessed in future Energy Report proceedings.
California must also address its long-term electricity needs by aggressively bringing new generation online. The lack of long-term power contracts has stalled development and construction of more than 7,000 megawatts (MW) of permitted plants and sharply curtailed the number of new permit applications Utilities need to invest now for the long-term to avoid a repeat of the catastrophic mistakes made during the 2000-2001 energy crisis that Californians are still paying for today. California's dependence on natural gas to generate electricity is also increasing as utilities continue to purchase generation from the state's aging fleet of natural gas-fired power plants under short-term contracts. These issues are being addressed in the California Public Utilities Commission's (CPUC) 2006 long-term procurement proceeding. Through that proceeding investor-owned utilities should be encouraged to sign long-term contracts that will cover both the annual "net short" and allow for the orderly retirement or repowering of the aging power plants identified in the 2004 Energy Report Update.
The utility procurement process needs to be more open and transparent for all parties. The state's investor-owned utilities continue to claim that much of the data used in their resource planning and procurement are confidential. The Energy Commission, however, concludes that important benefits come from rigorous public scrutiny and debate about the data and planning assumptions the CPUC ultimately uses to develop its resource procurement decisions. The Energy Commission will participate in the CPUC's rulemaking to revise regulations regarding disclosure of data, and has initiated its own rulemaking to review data regulations for the next Energy Report cycle.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following procurement recommendations:
- The CPUC should require investor-owned utilities to procure enough energy and capacity through long-term contracts to meet their net short positions. Procurement plans should provide for the orderly retirement or repowering of aging plants by 2012.
- The CPUC should develop a set of "coming and going" rules for departing load by the end of 2006.
- The Energy Commission and the CPUC should establish open and transparent resource planning and procurement processes for all-source and renewable resources, and eliminate confidential procurement review groups.
- The CPUC and the Energy Commission should develop a more transparent and standardized method for addressing least-cost, best-fit criteria and consistently apply a renewable "rebuttable presumption" to all procurement.
An important alternative to building large new power plants is distributed generation, which is electricity produced on site or close to load centers that is also connected to a utility's distribution system. The most efficient and cost-effective form of distributed generation is cogeneration or combined heat and power. By recycling waste heat, these systems are much more efficient than systems that separately serve thermal and electric loads. They are also considerably more efficient than almost all conventional gas-fired power plants. California has more than 9,000 MW of combined heat and power systems throughout the state, representing approximately 17 percent of statewide generation. Most of these systems are larger than 5 MW, suggesting that the state should focus its efforts on large-scale projects that could provide more than 5,000 MW of additional generating capacity over the next 15 years.
Current state policy must change for California to tap into this potential generation source and retain the existing pool of combined heat and power facilities so critical to reliable operation of the state grid. Developers of new combined heat and power facilities are struggling to find customers to purchase their excess power at the wholesale level, and the state's suspension of direct access hampers their ability to sell their excess power at the retail level. For existing facilities, the unwillingness of utilities to renew existing qualifying facility contracts has led some operators to remove their combined heat and power systems entirely and rely instead on less efficient boilers to meet their heating needs. There will be serious adverse consequences for electric reliability, natural gas demand, and air quality if this trend is allowed to continue.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following combined heat and power recommendations:
- The CPUC and the Energy Commission should establish annual utility procurement targets for CHP facilities by the end of 2006.
- The CPUC should require investor-owned utilities to purchase electricity from CHP facilities at prevailing wholesale prices.
- The CPUC should explore regulatory incentives that reward utilities for promoting customer and utility-owned combined heat and power projects.
- The CPUC should require that investor-owned utilities provide CA ISO scheduling services for these facilities and be compensated for doing so.
A significant percentage of California's electricity supply comes from the in-state Diablo Canyon and San Onofre nuclear power plants. Operators at these nuclear plants face many issues involving the transportation and disposal of spent fuel, upcoming extensions of their operating licenses, and major capital expenditures to replace aging steam generators. New nuclear power plant construction in California was suspended in 1976 pending determination by the Energy Commission that a high-level federal nuclear waste disposal repository has been approved and built. The Energy Commission reaffirms its 1978 finding that a high-level nuclear waste repository has been neither approved nor built. Californians have contributed well over $1 billion to the federal waste disposal development effort, which remains plagued with licensing delays, increasing costs, technical challenges, public opposition, and managerial problems.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following nuclear recommendations:
- The federal government should return some portion of the funds paid by California ratepayers for a permanent national repository for nuclear waste in order to pay for interim storage of waste at California reactor sites.
- The Legislature should develop a suitable state framework to review the costs and benefits of nuclear power plant license extensions.
Reducing Energy Demand Through Efficiency and Alternative Resources
Reducing the demand for energy is the most effective way to reduce energy costs and bolster California's economy. Reducing demand also reduces the likelihood of supply shortages that can cause costly price spikes and affect reliability. California will continue to depend upon petroleum fuels and natural gas to meet its energy needs for the foreseeable future. The state needs to act now to implement energy efficiency measures for petroleum fuels and increase its use of alternatives to reduce its reliance upon these increasingly volatile fuel supplies. Efficiency and renewable resources are top priorities in California's electricity loading order policy, and the state needs to extend these priorities to California's transportation sector by reducing demand for petroleum fuels through efficiency and alternative fuel use.
California continues to be the national leader in efficiency. While energy use per person in the rest of the nation has increased by 45 percent over the last 30 years, California's per capita use has remained relatively flat as a result of the state's energy efficiency measures. In the 2003 Energy Report, the Energy Commission concluded that California could save an additional 30,000 gigawatt hours (GWh) of energy from energy efficiency programs over the coming decade. In 2004, the CPUC established aggressive energy savings goals and authorized a significant increase in energy efficiency funding. Meeting these goals will reduce the utilities' need for additional electricity supplies between 2004 and 2013 by more than half. The recent passage of SB 1037 (Kehoe) Chapter 366, Statutes of 2005, further reinforces the state's energy efficiency policies by requiring all utilities to meet their unmet resource needs first with energy efficiency and demand reduction resources that are cost-effective, reliable, and feasible.
The state's efficiency programs need to focus on peak savings as well as energy savings. Because California's electricity demand is driven by short summer peaks, reducing peak demand is essential for improving electricity reliability, reducing price volatility, and delaying the need for expensive power plants that operate only a few hours a year. The Energy Commission recommends renewed emphasis on energy efficiency programs that provide peak demand savings.
California's water infrastructure accounts for nearly 20 percent of the state's electricity consumption. If not coordinated and properly managed on a statewide basis, water-related electricity demand could ultimately affect the reliability of the electric system during peak load periods when reserve margins are low. Water and wastewater agencies would similarly be unable to meet the needs of their customers without adequate electricity supplies. More efficient water usage, coupled with energy efficiency improvements in the water infrastructure itself, could reduce electricity demand in this sector. The Energy Commission, the Department of Water Resources, the CPUC, local water agencies, and other stakeholders should explore and pursue cost-effective water efficiency opportunities that would save energy and decrease the energy intensity in the water sector.
Demand response programs are the most promising and cost-effective options for reducing peak demand on California's electricity system. The CPUC is currently considering proposals from the investor-owned utilities to purchase and install advanced meters for all their customers. New metering technology is the primary platform for future voluntary and mandatory demand response policies. Although the CPUC adopted demand reduction targets for investor-owned utilities in 2003, demand response programs have failed to deliver their savings targets for each of the last three years and appear unlikely to meet their targets for next year. Given the huge cost of serving California's peak loads, the state's policy makers must redouble their efforts to implement ambitious demand response programs, through tariffs and control technology, and install advanced meters for all customers as soon as practically possible.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following energy efficiency and demand response recommendations:
- The CPUC and Energy Commission should closely monitor investor-owned utilities' energy efficiency programs to ensure that peak energy savings are captured in their respective efficiency portfolios.
- The CPUC, Department of Water Resources, the Energy Commission, local water agencies and other stakeholders should assess efficiency improvements in hot and cold water use in homes and businesses, and include these improvements in 2006-2008 programs.
- The Energy Commission should establish, consistent with SB 1037, reporting requirements for publicly owned utilities to ensure that their energy efficiency goals are comparable to those required of investor-owned utilities.
- The CPUC and the Energy Commission must vigorously pursue actions to ensure that the state's demand response goals are met.
Renewable Energy
California is also a national leader in the development of renewable resources. Over the past 30 years, California has built one of the largest and most diverse renewable generation portfolios in the world. In 2002, California established its Renewable Portfolio Standard program, with the goal of increasing the percentage of renewable energy in the state's electricity mix to 20 percent by 2017. The 2003 Energy Report recommended accelerating that goal to 2010, and the 2004 Energy Report Update further recommended increasing the target to 33 percent by 2020. The Energy Action Plan supported this goal. The current process for procuring renewable resources is overly complex and cumbersome, and, without improvement, could impede the state's ability to achieve its renewable goals.
The CPUC and the Energy Commission should work together to simplify, streamline, and expedite the state's Renewable Portfolio Standard process. The two agencies should also work together to establish simple rules for the Renewable Portfolio Standard program for both energy service providers and community choice aggregators. These rules should allow limited trading of renewable energy certificates, which would increase participation by these entities and help address the current transmission constraints that preclude access to promising renewable resource areas in the state. As the Western Renewable Energy Generation Information System begins operation, this compliance mechanism should be expanded to include the entire Western Electricity Coordinating Council.
There are several additional issues facing wind resource development in California. The state needs to focus on repowering aging wind facilities to increase the amount of renewable generation from these prime sites and reduce the number of bird deaths caused by wind turbines. The state also needs to conduct additional research and development at both the Energy Commission and the California Independent System Operator (CA ISO) to address current barriers to integrating intermittent wind resources into the state's transmission system.
California also has promising opportunities to increase energy production from renewable resources connected with the state's water system. In-conduit hydropower - turbines installed within conduits to generate electricity from flowing water in pipelines, canals and aqueducts - is an attractive possibility because it is relatively easy to permit and has fewer environmental impacts than large hydroelectric power plants. Anaerobic digesters installed at or near wastewater treatment facilities, dairies, or food processing facilities can also produce biogas, which can be used to either power on-site generation or be sold to the grid.
Many existing in-conduit facilities are facing the expiration of their standard offer power purchase contracts with the state's investor-owned utilities. Existing rules do not allow water or wastewater utilities to credit the electricity they generate to their energy bills. Therefore, if this electricity cannot be directly connected to an existing load, it must be sold into the wholesale bulk power market. The cost and complexity of selling into the wholesale bulk power and transmission markets are daunting, even for large generators, and can be prohibitive for very small generators. The Energy Commission recommends expediting and reducing the cost of utility interconnection, eliminating economic penalties including standby charges, removing size limitations for net metering, and allowing water and wastewater utilities to self-generate and wheel power within their own systems.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following renewable energy recommendations:
- The Energy Commission should ensure that publicly owned utilities meet the same Renewable Portfolio Standards targets for eligibility and compliance required of investor-owned utilities.
- The CPUC and the Energy Commission should establish a joint proceeding to develop a simpler and more transparent Renewable Portfolio Standard process by the end of 2006.
- The CPUC and Energy Commission should closely monitor the 2005 renewable procurement cycle to determine the potential value of greater contract standardization.
- The CPUC should require investor-owned utilities to procure a prudent contract-risk margin, starting at 30 percent, to prevent under-procurement.
- The CPUC should quickly develop new standardized contracts for wind repowering projects to more efficiently harness wind resources and reduce bird deaths.
The 2003 Energy Report concluded that by far the most cost-effective strategy to reduce petroleum demand in the transportation sector is to increase vehicle fuel economy. The Energy Commission recommended that the state take steps to influence the federal government to double the combined fuel economy standards for cars and light trucks. Governor Schwarzenegger has called on the federal government to do exactly that. Unfortunately, efforts to spur the federal government to significantly increase the Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards for passenger cars and light trucks have not been successful. The federal government has proposed only a very minor increase in the light-truck standard and completely ignored potentially far-reaching savings in the passenger car market. California needs to intensify its efforts to forge a coalition with other states and stakeholders to persuade the federal government to double the Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards.
The state can pursue other strategies to increase transportation efficiency, including increasing the number of hybrid-electric, plug-in-hybrid electric, light-duty diesel vehicles in California, more effective marketing of low-rolling resistance tires, implementing anti-idling regulations for trucks and truck stop electrification, and integrating transportation and land-use planning.
Increased efficiency in new cars and light trucks alone cannot maintain the state's overall petroleum reduction goals. California must also vigorously support the rapid development and availability of alternative fuels so that their air quality and petroleum replacement benefits can be realized. The 2003 Energy Report recommended a goal to increase the use of non-petroleum fuels to 20 percent of on-road demand by 2020 and to 30 percent by 2030. The Energy Commission continues to strongly support these goals, though meeting them will take considerable and concentrated effort given the current low penetration level of only 6 percent.
In his response to the Commission's previous Energy Reports, the Governor made clear that the state needs to promote the efficient use of petroleum products and promote reductions in the demand for petroleum. As directed by the Governor, the Energy Commission has assumed the lead in developing a long-term transportation plan by March 31, 2006, that will reduce gasoline and diesel use and increase alternative fuel use. This effort will be a prelude to a larger alternative fuel plan for the state required by AB 1007 (Pavley), Chapter 371, Statutes of 2005, that is due by June 30, 2007. The Energy Commission envisions that the alternative transportation fuel plan must bridge the gap between today's technologies and the transition to hydrogen fuels and vehicles called for in the Governor's Hydrogen Highway Network Blueprint Plan. California must pursue a diverse portfolio of fuels and advanced transportation technologies that address both current supply and demand problems and build a sustainable foundation for the future.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following transportation recommendations:
- The state should simultaneously reduce petroleum fuel use, increase fuel diversity and security, and reduce emissions of air pollution and greenhouse gases.
- The state should implement a public goods charge to establish a secure, long-term source of funding for a comprehensive transportation program including broad-based funding for infrastructure, technology and fuels research, analytical support, and incentive programs.
- The state should continue to work closely with other states to pressure the federal government to double vehicle fuel efficiency standards and enact fleet procurement requirements that include super-efficient gasoline and diesel vehicles.
- The state should establish a non-petroleum diesel fuel standard so that all diesel fuel sold in California contains a minimum of 5 percent non-petroleum content that would include biodiesel, ethanol, and/or gas-to-liquid components.
- The state should establish a state renewable gasoline fuel standard so that the pool of all gasoline sold in California contains, on average, a minimum of 10 percent renewable content.
- The state should investigate how investor-owned utilities can help develop the equipment and infrastructure to fuel electric and natural gas vehicles.
- The state should, for its fleet of vehicles, establish a minimum fuel economy standard and a procurement requirement for alternative fuels and vehicles, and examine the merits of using re-refined and synthetic oils.
Natural Gas
The 2003 Energy Report recommended that the state reduce natural gas demand by increasing funding for natural gas efficiency programs. California has made progress in this area. In 2004, the CPUC increased 2005 funding for natural gas efficiency programs by $19.8 million and set aggressive goals intended to double annual gas savings by 2008 and triple them by 2013. The recently enacted SB 1037 also requires gas utilities to first meet their unmet resource needs with all available energy efficiency and demand reduction resources that are cost-effective, reliable, and feasible. The Energy Commission and the CPUC should rigorously evaluate, measure, and monitor these gas efficiency programs to ensure that they produce their intended savings and that public funds are being well spent.
Another way to increase natural gas efficiency is to increase the role of combined heat and power facilities as a way to meet California's rising electricity supply needs.
Natural gas efficiency is a priority in the Energy Commission's natural gas research, development and demonstration program. Approximately $1.3 million of the $12 million in available 2005 funding has been preliminarily earmarked for efficiency research. The Energy Commission should continue its efforts to incorporate the results of this critical research into the state's natural gas efficiency programs.
Improving the Energy Infrastructure
Electricity Transmission InfrastructureIn both the 2003 Energy Report and the 2004 Energy Report Update, the Energy Commission identified existing problems with the state's transmission system and recommended improvements to the transmission planning and permitting processes that would speed up approvals of new transmission lines and upgrades to existing lines. However, the state still lacks a well-integrated transmission planning and permitting process that considers both generation and transmission needs, evaluates non-wires alternatives, plans for transmission corridors well in advance of need, and allows access to essential renewable resource areas in the state.
California policy makers must move aggressively to create a planning and permitting process that leverages the core responsibilities and strengths of the utilities, the Energy Commission, the CA ISO, and the CPUC. The Energy Commission reemphasizes its recommendation in the 2003 Energy Report that the Legislature transfer the siting functions for transmission lines from the CPUC to the Energy Commission. In the absence of that authority, the Energy Commission will continue to work with other agencies to improve the transmission permitting process.
California still lacks a formal process to effectively plan for transmission corridors well in advance of their need. The Energy Commission recommends a corridor planning process that would identify the corridor needs of transmission owners; establish corridor priorities; identify major permitting, environmental and land-use issues; and ensure full participation of all affected local, state and federal agencies and stakeholders. Further, the Legislature should authorize the Energy Commission to designate corridors so that utilities have a level of financial certainty that allows them to acquire land and easements, while also allowing the Energy Commission to proceed with the comprehensive environmental reviews that could significantly shorten overall planning and permitting lead times. The CPUC should also extend its current five-year limitation on investor-owned utility land banking for the cost of future transmission corridors within their rate bases.
California must urgently encourage major investments in the new transmission infrastructure needed to access remotely located renewable resources in the Tehachapi and Imperial Valley areas. Without this investment it will be difficult for California to meet its statewide Renewable Portfolio Standard goals. In March 2005, Southern California Edison (SCE) proposed to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) a new category of transmission facility, called a "renewable-resource trunk line," that would allow the interconnection of large concentrations of renewable generation resources located within a reasonable distance of the existing grid under operational control of the CA ISO. However, in July 2005, FERC denied SCE's request, thereby eliminating a valuable regulatory instrument that could have overcome renewable transmission constraints. This denial clearly underscores the need to examine all regulatory options, including changes to the CA ISO tariff so that this new category of transmission project can be recognized by FERC. This recommendation was also made in the 2004 Energy Report Update.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following transmission recommendations:
- The Legislature should expeditiously transfer transmission permitting responsibilities from the CPUC to the Energy Commission, using the successful framework laid out in the Warren-Alquist Act for generation siting.
- The Energy Commission, the CPUC, and the CA ISO should collaborate to change the CA ISO tariff to encourage construction of transmission for renewable generation interconnections, as well as explore other regulatory mechanisms.
- The Legislature should assign the Energy Commission the statutory authority to establish a statewide corridor planning process and designate corridors for future use.
- The Energy Commission should actively participate in the federal corridor planning processes recently enacted as part of the federal Energy Act of 2005.
Petroleum Infrastructure
California urgently needs to expand its petroleum infrastructure. Despite recent and planned improvements, California still needs to expand its marine terminal capacity, marine storage, and the pipelines that connect marine facilities and refineries with main product pipelines. Most of the required expansion is needed in the Los Angeles Basin, which faces a number of barriers including scarcity of land, pressure to remove a portion of existing facilities in favor of container cargo facilities, and new standards for marine terminals. In Northern California, timely dredging of the Suisun Bay Channel, the Pinole Shoals, and other areas near refineries is critical to the efficient operation of petroleum infrastructure.
The 2003 Energy Report identified the continuing need for modifying and expanding the state's petroleum infrastructure facilities to meet the state's rising demand for petroleum fuels. A major barrier is the inefficient and often overlapping responsibilities of permitting bureaucracies which frequently result in unacceptably lengthy lead times. There is a general consensus among stakeholders that the Energy Commission should work with representatives of the petroleum industry and permitting agencies to develop "best permitting practice" guidelines to streamline and coordinate the permitting process for new petroleum infrastructure. The Energy Commission believes these guidelines should include: the description of the agencies involved and their relationships in agency processes; critical path permitting timelines; information requirements; standardized permitting timelines; requirements for expedited permitting; mitigation requirements; concurrent and coordinated permit review; procedures for categorical exemptions and ministerial permits; and streamlined appeal processes.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following petroleum infrastructure recommendation:
- The Energy Commission should develop petroleum infrastructure permitting guidelines based upon a "best practices" approach following this inter-agency evaluation.
Natural Gas Infrastructure
California imports 87 percent of its statewide natural gas supply, which is threatened by declining production in most U.S. supply basins. Though California has not experienced a widespread natural gas shortage in many years, colder-than-average weather, increased demand in other states, or natural disasters like Hurricane Katrina could quickly create demand spikes that would draw down stored gas supplies and adversely affect the state's ability to meet consumer natural gas demand. California needs to expand its analytical ability to determine the adequacy of its natural gas infrastructure and likelihood of potentially destructive peak demand spikes.
To prevent interruptions in the state's natural gas supplies, the 2003 Energy Report recommended the state ensure that existing natural gas storage be used to provide adequate supplies and protect against price spikes. The state has made good progress in increasing its current storage inventory, and also has plans to develop additional storage capacity in 2006. A margin of excess capacity will provide consumers a choice of supplies and is part of a critical foundation needed to support a competitive market and stabilize short-term pricing variations.
California has also improved its natural gas infrastructure by increasing intrastate pipeline capacity and in-state storage. Pipeline expansions completed over the last four years have also helped ensure that the state can access conventional natural gas supply basins outside of the state. The state must make certain that existing infrastructure is both maintained and retained. The state also needs to continue to evaluate the need for additional pipeline capacity to meet customer demand on the coldest days in winter or when there are interstate pipeline disruptions.
An important addition to natural gas infrastructure in North America is the planned construction of liquefied natural gas import terminals. These facilities will increase natural gas imports to the U.S. over the next 10 years and also help meet California's growing natural gas needs. Currently, no liquefied natural gas terminals are located on the West Coast. The 2003 Energy Report endorsed the need to develop these facilities and their associated infrastructure to better serve the natural gas needs of the western U.S.
The cost of delivering natural gas to the West Coast through a liquefied natural gas project is expected to be well below the market prices that California currently pays at its borders, and could have a dramatic effect on gas market prices in the state. For example, if market prices dropped by 50 cents per million British thermal units, Californians would save more than $1 billion annually on their natural gas bills.
Several companies have recently proposed building liquefied natural gas import facilities in California and Mexico. In California, these include the Cabrillo Deepwater Port and the Clearwater Port, both of which are offshore projects, and the Long Beach LNG Import Project. In Mexico, there are three proposed facilities including the Terminal GNL Mar Adentrode Baja and the Moss Maritime LNG, both of which are off-shore projects, and the Sonora LNG facility. Construction has begun on a fourth project, Energia Costa Azul, expected to be online in 2007.
Global Climate Change
California must continue to be highly aware of the environmental impacts of its energy policies. As the world's 17th largest emitter of greenhouse gases, California must incorporate its efforts to reduce greenhouse gases into its energy policies. In June 2005, Governor Schwarzenegger established greenhouse gas emission targets intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 2010 to 2000 emission levels, by 2020 to 1990 levels, and by 2050 to 80 percent below 1990 levels. The Governor's Climate Action Team, led by the California Environmental Protection Agency, is charged with developing the program that will achieve the Governor's targets. The first report of the Climate Action Team is due to the Governor and Legislature in January 2006.
The state is exploring a number of strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The CPUC now requires that investor-owned utilities use a carbon dioxide adder of an initial $8 per ton in their long-term procurement plans, encouraging them to invest in lower-emitting resources. In addition, the CPUC unanimously adopted a resolution directing its staff to develop an investor-owned utility greenhouse gas performance standard "that is no higher than the greenhouse gas emission levels of a combined-cycle natural gas turbine" for all procurement contracts longer than three years. In the case of coal-fired generation, the capacity to capture and store carbon dioxide safely and inexpensively is essential for meeting these standards. The Energy Action Plan commits that the agencies will " Ensure that energy supplies serving California, from any source, are consistent with the Governor's climate change goals." The Energy Commission endorses the CPUC's setting a greenhouse gas performance standard for investor-owned utilities and agrees that an offset policy must await a formal greenhouse gas regulatory system and must include a reliable and enforceable system of tracking emission reductions. The Energy Commission looks forward to working with the CPUC to implement a greenhouse gas performance standard as part of the 2006 procurement proceeding.
While more specific recommendations must necessarily await the January 2006 report from Governor Schwarzenegger's Climate Action Team, the Energy Commission recommends the following:
- A greenhouse gas performance standard for utility procurement should be set no higher than emission levels from new combined-cycle natural gas turbines.
- Additional consideration is needed before determining what if any role greenhouse gas emission offsets could play in complying with such a standard.
Border Energy
The California - Baja California Norte border region extends about 60 miles north and south of the California-Mexico border. Rapid population, commercial, and industrial growth in the region is substantially increasing the demand for energy. The border region is becoming an "energy corridor" as states on both sides develop facilities not only to meet local needs, but also to export across state and international borders. This cross-border energy relationship is likely to become even more interdependent in the future with the growing need for new generation, transmission lines, and natural gas supply pipelines. The growing demand for energy in the border region also is adding to already significant air quality problems and fundamental differences in the regulatory approaches on both sides of the border is hindering resolution of these environmental concerns.
The Energy Commission strongly supports the following border energy recommendation:
- The Energy Commission believes the state should work to establish a cross-border, binational policy to coordinate energy planning and development and address environmental concerns in the border region.
The health of California's economy depends upon reliable, affordable, adequate, and environmentally-sound supplies of energy. The rising cost of energy hurts consumers who must spend a greater percentage of their income on energy, and businesses who see their profits shrink as their energy costs rise. California's dependence on natural gas and petroleum fuels also continues to increase, making the state vulnerable to supply disruptions and painful price spikes.
Implementation of the recommendations in the 2005 Energy Report will increase California's energy supplies, reduce energy demand, broaden the range of alternatives to conventional energy sources, and improve the state's energy delivery infrastructure. Many of these recommendations were made earlier in both the 2003 Energy Report and the 2004 Energy Report Update. While the state has made progress in implementing many of the recommendations from past IEPRs, there is much more to be done. It is time for California to urgently address the many challenges facing the state's energy systems to safeguard its economy and its environment.


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Tetanus (cont.) Medical Author:
Charles Patrick Davis, MD, PhD
Charles Patrick Davis, MD, PhDDr. Charles "Pat" Davis, MD, PhD, is a board certified Emergency Medicine doctor who currently practices as a consultant and staff member for hospitals. He has a PhD in Microbiology (UT at Austin), and the MD (Univ. Texas Medical Branch, Galveston). He is a Clinical Professor (retired) in the Division of Emergency Medicine, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, and has been the Chief of Emergency Medicine at UT Medical Branch and at UTHSCSA with over 250 publications. Medical Editor:
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical EditorMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology. IN THIS ARTICLE
Follow-upPeople who recover from tetanus have no long-lasting effects. Tetanus PreventionThe majority of all adult types of tetanus cases can be prevented by active immunization; neonatal cases are prevented by good hygiene and careful, sterile technique used to sever the umbilical cord and later (at 2 months old), beginning active immunizations. There are two main vaccines recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For pediatric populations, DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combination vaccine) is used. For nonimmunized adults and booster shots, Tdap (tetanus and reduced amounts of diphtheria and acellular pertussis combination vaccine) is recommended. Tdap was recommended (by the CDC in 2005) over the older Td combination vaccine, as cases of pertussis (whooping cough) had been increasing in the last decade. DTP is infrequently used to describe this combination vaccine. DPT represents the combination vaccine but contains cellular pertussis antigen, not acellular pertussis antigen, and has not been used in the U.S. since 2002; the current designation is DTaP. In addition, DTP is an abbreviation used in the Netherlands for another type of combination vaccine: diphtheria, pertussis, and polio.
People who are not completely immunized and have a tetanus-prone wound should receive a tetanus booster in addition to tetanus antibodies (human tetanus immune globulin or TIG). The tetanus antibodies (TIG) will provide short-term protection against the disease. For patients sensitive to the combined vaccines (DTaP or Tdap), other vaccines against tetanus are available (for example, Td), but the patients' doctor should determine the dosage schedule.
Must Read Articles Related to Tetanus
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The word tetanus comes from the Greek tetanos, which is derived from the term teinein, meaning to stretch.

subset: commoncrawl


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I don't think he did well yesterday. I don't know that he's the right guy for the job. But what I do know is the following:
1. Nobody, absolutely nobody, has more incentive to get this right than the Obama Administration. If the economy collapses -- well, more than it already has collapsed -- then the Democrats get slaughtered in 2010, Obama is a one-termer, health care doesn't happen, the poverty rate increases by a couple orders of magnitude, and the imperative to fix the environment gets put on the backburner. To suggest that Obama or Geithner are tools of Wall Street and are looking out for something other than the country's best interest is freaking asinine. Maybe their ideas are wrong -- but their hearts are in the right place.
2. If the banks fail, then rich people lose a lot of money, and poor people lose a lot of jobs (and also much of what money they have). But I swear to God, there's a lunatic fringe out there that would take this trade and call it "progress".
2a. At the end of the day, a great deal of the debate between liberals and conservatives is about how to apportion wealth. It seems so banal to talk about it that way, and so we put all sorts of window dressing on it, but that's really what it's all about. But on this issue of the banking crisis -- and to a lesser extent this was true of the stimulus -- there is a much larger delta on the aggregate amount of wealth that the United States stands to gain (or lose) than on how that wealth is distributed. Over the next 6-18 months, the outcomes for everyone from the top of the economic ladder to the bottom rung are very strongly correlated.
3. I'm sorry, but somewhere between 99.9% and 99.999999% of us are severely underqualified to be making policy recommendations on this particular issue. And I'm certainly in the majority on this one. My anecdotal experience for the past several months has been that the more someone knows about the economy, the more they know (or at least are willing to admit to) what they don't know. Anyone who is professing with certainty that this or that will work -- nationalizing the banks, for instance -- is an idiot.
4. So if I'm telling you to lay off the ideological smelling salts (not that you will) and that your ideas on policy are probably not contributing very much to the discussion (don't worry -- neither are mine) then what, exactly, do I want you to do?
What I'm asking you to do is to clear the playing field. This is neither the time nor the place for mass movements -- this is the time for expert opinion. Once the experts (and I'm not one of them) have reached some kind of a consensus about what the best course of action is (and they haven't yet), then figure out who is impeding that action for political or other disingenuous reasons and tackle them -- do whatever you can to remove them from the playing field. But we're not at that stage yet.


text:
About Aaron
You're bad at reading.
[T]hat whole freedom of speech thing protects such asshattery. But it's a good thing it also protects the creative reviewers of Gary's establishment.
He's saying there is no problem here, except the restaurant owner is an asshole, he delights at the creative responses some people have made to the restaurant owner's assholery, and he disapproves of the restaurant owner, which is also protected speech.
What have you got against the word "bigot"?
Just, not the people playing the video games.
VAC is enabled only on specific servers, and you can choose not to enable it on your machine and to only play on VAC-free servers. It doesn't exist on singleplayer games and many multiplayer games. It is separate from Steam.
Another (imo bigger) issue is that you can't publish to steam without DRM.
That's not true. You can publish to Steam without DRM, and plenty of publishers have. These games can be launched from their executables without Steam needing to run. They don't use Steamworks or any third-party DRM.
Here is a list of games on Steam with no DRM at all, not even Steamworks.
Ah, nevermind, then. You're just a garden-variety troll. Carry on.
I'm calling that vancedecker is actually the same guy who sent the crazy email from above. I submit as evidence:
What about the dumb bitch who left the negative review? She is just allowed to continue being a hysterical whack job?
Here's the thing. The scientology lady was right. She/They made a simple mistake and this dumb bitch "vomited up" negative feedback. I don't blame her/them for getting angry.
page after page of retracted data
Clicked "funny" and "insightful"; now looking for "sad" button.
I originally had the title in quotes, which meant the comma before it was correct. However, since in American English the punctuation goes inside the quotes, I changed my mind and italicized the correction instead. That's how the comma got there.
The title should properly be, If Harry Potter Were an Academic Work.
Sorry for this nitpick.
These are sobering findings.
This needs to be First Worded. If only I had the power to do so, I would.
You and virtually every other Techdirtbag probably couldn't name a TPP chapter other than the one that deals with your pet obsession.
That's because they haven't been published! We can only see the ones that are leaked to Wikileaks.
An awkward silence ensued. The blue suits did not even confer among themselves. They just sat there, stonelike. Finally, the chief suit responded. "OK," he said, "maybe you don't infringe these seven patents. But we have 10,000 U.S. patents. Do you really want us to go back to Armonk [IBM headquarters in New York] and find seven patents you do infringe? Or do you want to make this easy and just pay us $20 million?"
Funny, the correct response should be, "Yes, we really want you to go back to Armonk and find seven patents we do infringe, and in the meanwhile to sodomize yourselves with the set you brought."
If this doesn't make the week's funniest comments you'll have been robbed of an honor that is rightly yours.
Google complies with 97% of takedown requests. That doesn't mean 97% of takedown requests are legitimate.
Or have you not read any of the massive number of stories about Google or YouTube taking down legitimate content?
Sorry, Paul, if someone calls you a morally bankrupt scamming loser -- that would be an ad hominem attack.
No, it wouldn't. If somebody said, "You should disregard all of Paul Hansmeier's arguments because he's a lawyer" or even "You should disregard all of Paul Hansmeier's argument because he has (insert color here) eyes," those would be ad hominem attacks. Which is to say, those would be arguments that make the ad hominem fallacy of invalidating his arguments based on an irrelevant facts.
Calling Paul Hansmeier a morally bankrupt scamming loser is merely a(n apt) personal attack aimed at him and not an example of argumentum ad hominem.
That's why I read Techdirt, [sarcastic reason]
You raise a really good point here. Why do you read techdirt?
Hey, ST, great post, but there's one major issue with it:
Calling for a group of people to commit an act of violence for the sole purpose of silencing a critic who said something you disagree with doesn�t sound like due process.
That sounds like an incitement to violence.
Last I checked, that didn�t fall under the protections of the First Amendment, so maybe you might get a lesson in due process soon enough.
[S]peech can only be prohibited as incitement when it satisfies the Brandenburg test � when it is "directed to inciting or producing imminent lawless action and is likely to incite or produce such action." That's an outgrowth of the famous "clear and present danger" test.


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Prenatal Yoga: What You Should Know
Pregnant? Here's a breakdown on prenatal yoga and tips to get started.
How do I start?
Try these two sample postures, and remember that it's not about perfection; it's about focusing on the breath, body and baby, Kuykendall says:
Cat and cow. Lower yourself down on all fours, with your hands aligned with your shoulders, and knees aligned with your hips. To imitate your bovine friend, inhale as you arch your back, pull your tailbone up and lift your chin up toward the ceiling. Now think of a spooked Halloween cat. Exhale as you round your spine, pull your tailbone down and tuck your chin to your chest. Repeat.
Squats. With your partner or a buddy, stand with feet shoulder-width apart and hold each other's wrists for support. Exhale as you open your legs, make room for your belly and come down into squatted-seated position, or as far down as is comfortable. Inhale as you return to a standing position."
What's the alternative?
Not convinced that prenatal yoga is for you? That's fine, but at least make time for the deep breathing and meditation that prenatal yoga promotes. If you have just five minutes each day, use it to throw on some soft music, inhale and exhale slowly, "sit quietly, and focus on the baby and what's happening within," Kuykendall says. "It's a miracle and you don't want to miss it."


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GET IN,SIT DOWN,BUCKLE UP,SHUT UP,AND, HOLD ON. Bought June 1967, have had the car longer than any relationship with a woman. It is my sweetheart. All original equipment except right side mirror,( added for safety measures).
Many High School and College Kings and Queens along with numerous politicians have ridden in this car in parades. One special person was Pekin's Little Miss Christmas.
Purveyor of Kings, Queens, and Politicos
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REGISTRATION FOR INOCULUM 2013 is full!
This12-daybackpack trip to the northeastern wilderness area of Yosemite National Park is a special extension of the orientation program. Readings, discussions, and papers focus the course content on the uniqueness of Westmont liberal arts education. It takes place before orientation and is for first-year and transfer students.
For current information see http://www.westmont.edu/inoculum
Current Faculty
to be decided
Course Offerings
Participants must take the following courses:
APP 90 The Inoculum: Wilderness/Orientation (2)
The APP 90 course will meet one of the four PEA requirements.
The cost for Inoculum 2013 is $1850 (Deposit $450 and then $1400 balance) and will cover tuition expense for two units of lower-division academic credit, insurance, food, equipment, guides, and round-trip transportation from Westmont.
2013 Inoculum Itinerary
8 Aug.--
Dinner, slideshow, and orientation
9 Aug.--
Depart Westmont
Treking in Yosemite
20 Aug.--
Return to campus


text:
A storm will take shape across the Ohio Valley on Wednesday morning and track towards the mid-Atlantic coast. A significant impact from this winter storm is possible
Salon holds fundraiser for little girl fighting cancer
ESYO Live Morning Show Performance
Local organization gives gift of music
10 tractor trailors full of food collected for Sandy victims by USPS
Colonie Landfill Accepting Sandy Debris
Free parking in downtown Albany on Thanksgiving
Power Outage Maps
Star Trek for Hope
Riding for charity in Schodack
Schoharie hosts 2nd Annual Schoharie Valley Rock 'n' Roll Flood Relief Concert
Eat Healthy Albany hosts first community event
NY National Guard welcomed home by friends, family
Thousands turn out to help disabled veteran
Troy Police credit K-9 'Aron' for gun arrest
'My Good Deed' co-founder rings NYSE opening bell on 9/11
Empire State Youth Orchestra returns from Asian tour
Man's love for dog captures the hearts of millions
'Team Depot' picks up tab for Cohoes church construction
Troy officer runs into burning building, rescues trapped woman, 80, from blaze
Hero receives warm welcome
SOCKS WANTED: Sock drive held for homeless in Schenectady
AMR blood shortage, donors needed
Jockeys Play Basketball For Charity
Albany & Schenectady focus on training future nanotechology generation
TV personality kicks off Jingle Bell Run
Supermarket and police team up to keep kids safe
Nurses, enter for a chance to win a night off.
Enter Round by Round contest!
Enter Upfront contest!
LOS ANGELES (AP) -- Seven years after he was fired, Isaiah Washington is returning to "Grey's Anatomy."
FLINT, Mich. (AP) -- The ads aren't big -- but they are in a prime spot.
US employers add 175K jobs despite harsh weather
WASHINGTON (AP) -- U.S. hiring improved in February from the previous two months despite a blast of wintry weather, likely renewing hopes that growth will accelerate this year.
PALO ALTO, CA -- (Marketwired) -- 03/06/14 --
PunchTab, the leading omni-channel loyalty and engagement platform,
announced today the release of their Android SDK. The SDK is a free
toolkit that provides Android mobile and tablet developers the capability
to add customized loyalty and engagement programs to any app to help
increase usage, purchase, awareness, and brand engagement. ...
Learn More:
Stay Connected:
c2012, Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc.
WRGB CBS 6 provides local news, weather forecasts, traffic updates, notices of events and items of interest in the community, sports and entertainment programming for Albany, New York and nearby towns and communities in the Capital City area, including Cohoes, Watervliet, Colonie, Bethlehem, Guilderland, New Scotland, Coeymans, Green Island, Knox, Berne, Westerlo, Rensselaerville, Colonie, Menands, Green Island, Ravena, Altamont, Voorheesville.


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Marvelous! Share your favorites and earn zulily credit. see detailsconnect
Budding astronomers will jump for joy when they receive this educational kit. They'll be able to project the entire night sky, choose from four seasonal views and locate major stars and constellations. Turn off the lights and flip the switch of this projector to see the stars at any time.


text:
Ongoing Coverage:
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8:06 am
Mon March 13, 2006
Museum Opened With Fanfare and Two Governors
By Anca Gradinaru
Columbus, NM – The Governors of New Mexico and Chihuahua opened a new museum dedicated to the Mexican Revolution in the area of Columbus, New Mexico. The Museum located at Pancho Villa State Park is designed to promote education and tourism in both New Mexico and Chihuahua. But as KRWG's Anca Gradinaru reports, it's costing New Mexico two million dollars.


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Kirk approved a temporary extension Nov. 9, and the full Ethics Commission will vote to grant a full exemption at its regular meeting in December.
Griffith said Friday he was still in the beginning stages of his job search and hadn't applied for any specific jobs yet.
Though he was granted an exemption to begin a job search, Griffith will still have to abide by other ethics laws that apply to public officials.
That includes laws barring him from registering as a lobbyist or representing a private firm before the tax department for one year after leaving the office.
In addition to his role as tax commissioner, Griffith also serves as chairman of the West Virginia Municipal Bond Commission, secretary of the West Virginia Economic Development Authority and a member of the Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Project Executive Committee.
Looking back over the past five years, Griffith said the state has been successful at improving the way taxpayers work with the state through investments in the e-filing process and reforming the business registration process.
The agency has also worked with state officials to help lower business and sales taxes in recent years. He said those efforts have benefited the state's economy and improved the business climate.
"I think from our perspective, we've worked well with the business community," he said. "While we can't respond to everything they've asked for, we do take account a lot of what they say in restructuring our tax code."
Griffith said that experience on both the state side and the business side of the tax system will help him in the future.
"It's nice having experience on both sides," he said. "You get a sense of the pressures and issues that arise on both sides of the tax department.
"You get a sense of how passionate many of those people are about their jobs, and you don't always get that sense in the private sector," he said. "You realize what pride they take in what they do."
Griffith grew up Ripley and graduated from Ripley High School in 1993 and graduated from the West Virginia University College of Law in 2000. He lives in Charleston with his wife, Kelly, and daughters, Julia and Sydney.
Contact writer Jared Hunt at jared.h...@dailymail.com or 304-348-5148.


text:
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* Please note the stock checker is only a guide to store stock levels.
French Connection crepe-chiffon dress is a gorgeous ladylike piece in a dusky powder pink. Pair with gold-tone shoes and a huge flower hair-piece to bring a pretty vintage feel to occasion dressing.
Spell On You Flared Dress has a scoop-neck, a key-hole button fastening at back, pleated drape features at front, a concealed zip fastening at side and a pleated midi-length skirt. This dress is fully lined.
* style code - 71AP7 * Machine Washable * 100% Polyester
New! Click and Collect: Collect from a UK store free of charge. UK Standard Delivery: Delivered in 5 – 7 working days - £3.95 (no matter how many parcels we send.) UK Express Delivery: Order by noon for next working day delivery - £7 per order.
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Contact us Tweet @FC_HELP for customer queries or call customer services on 0844 557 3285 if calling from within the UK, and +44 1792 784 150 if calling from overseas.


text: American University of Iraq-Sulaimani Shakespeare Company Share www.auis.edu.iqPerforming in the 2012 Green Show Tuesday, July 3rd; Thursday, July 5th; Saturday, July 7th and Sunday, July 8th.A daring troupe of student Shakespeareans from Iraq!AUIS Shakespeare Company is a group of actors who, last spring, performed an English-language production of Shakespeare in a public Iraqi theater. AUIS Shakespeare Company on Community: Shakespeare Iraq is a group of students from the American University of Iraq, Sulaimani. They are a mix of North and South, Sunni and Shia, Arab and Kurd - representing extremely different communities in an astoundingly diverse nation.Southern Iraq is largely Arab-inhabited and controlled. The North is the same for the Kurds. The two groups have a bitter history of enmity, and a tense present in a country that still strives for peace and stability.Last year, Shakespeare Iraq mounted the first English language Shakespeare production in the country's history. It was performed by Arabs and Kurds in a public theater and received a standing ovation. Soon afterwards, an OSF subscriber heard a radio interview with the director, made a phone call, and the dream of this performance was born.


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We appreciate our sponsors, partners, and friends -- the Alabama Book Festival wouldn't be possible without you.
Please contact the Alabama Book Festival if you would like to be a sponsor for the 2014 Festival.
Click on the logos and blue names below to find out more about our 2013 sponsoring and partnering organizations.
Alabama Tourism Department
Capitol Book & News


text:
Museum Location
One Montshire Road
Norwich, VT 05055
Tel: 802-649-2200
Fax: 802-649-3637
109 Degrees Below Zero
109.3° below zero F is colder than the lowest temperature ever recorded in the United States, but that's how cold the dry ice in this exhibit is!
A T. Rex Named Sue
Coming May 17 - No dinosaur in the world compares to SUE—the largest, most complete, and best preserved Tyrannosaurus rex ever discovered.
Aeolian Landscape
Shows patterns of air movement on a landscape of sand.
Air Cannon
A cannon which can shoot a puff of air all the way across a room.
Air Maze
A labyrinth powered by air
Air Race
Race two balls in this air-powered challenge
Air Tower
An Andy's Place tower with exhibits about air
AirPlay Exhibition
Nine separate exhibit components demonstrate the complexity and beauty of moving air.
Andy's Place
A special area scaled to size for visitors five and under and their caregivers
Animal Signs Kiosk
A sampling of the kinds of signs left behind by animals on the trails
This is a module consisting of 4 exhibit stations with a central bench. Ball Floaters is extraordinarily simple in concept; a blower moves air through a pipe and out through two or three clear tubes connected with "T"s. Small foam balls can be balanced on the airstream coming out of the tubes, so that they float. With some experimentation, visitors discover how to get the balls to drop down into one tube and pop out of another, to balance more than one on a stream of air, and to balance halfway up the clear tube.
The exhibit is fun, and visitors leave with a sense of how air can be directed and manipulated, and the effect of that manipulation on objects in the path of the moving air.
One Montshire Road
Norwich, VT 05055
Tel: 802-649-2200
Fax: 802-649-3637


text:
Experts with the world's most discerning palates helped develop Riedel's Vinum series, a collection of glasses designed to flatter specific types of wines and liquors. These elegant 24% lead-crystal glasses showcase the best qualities of light, dry white wines, including Chardonnay (especially lighter style white Burgundy such as Chablis), Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Grigio and Viognier. The bowl brings out complex aromas, while the narrow rim directs the flow of wine to the center of the tongue, which allows you to appreciate the balance of fruit flavors and acidity. A family-owned company since 1756, Riedel produces the machine-made Vinum series at its factory in Germany. Dishwasher safe. 12.3-oz. cap., 7 3/4" high. Set of two.
This item is shipped from our warehouse by UPS to arrive within five business days of our receiving your order.
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping destination.View Shipping Options and Charges.
For an additional charge of $15 per address, we can rush delivery to most destinations. This service is not available for some oversize items, items shipped directly from the supplier (including perishable and custom-manufactured items), out-of-stock items and items to be shipped outside the contiguous 48 states.
At Williams-Sonoma, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. If, within 90 days, you are not completely satisfied with your purchase for any reason, please return the item for an exchange or refund of the merchandise value. View Full Return Policy.
Item | Price | Flat-Rate Delivery Fee |
Riedel Vinum Chardonnay Glasses, Set of 2 | $50 | $0 |


text:
- Description
Natural Balance Platefuls Pouch Indoor Cat Mackerel & Sardine Formula Premium Canned Cat Food features eight grain-free formulas in a delicate, tasty sauce. Tempt cats with these savory entrees. No Corn, Soy, Wheat, Artificial Flavors Or Colors. Complete And Balanced Food For Adult Cats. Great For Skin & Coat. Grain Free.
- Ingredients
Fish Broth, Mackerel, Sardines, Chicken, Chicken Liver, Dried Egg Whites, Peas, Carrots, Potatoes, Potato Starch, Natural Flavor, Canola Oil, Guar Gum, Sodium Phosphate, Alfalfa Meal, Dried Beet Pulp, Calcium Carbonate, Salmon Oil, Ground Flaxseed, Potassium Chloride, Cranberry Meal, Minerals (Iron Amino Acid Chelate, Zinc Amino Acid Chelate, Cobalt Amino Acid Chelate, Copper Amino Acid Chelate, Manganese Amino Acid Chelate, Sodium Selenite, Potassium Iodide), Sodium Carbonate, Spinach, Parsley, Dried Kelp, DL-Methionine, Vitamins (Vitamin E Supplement, Thiamine Mononitrate, Niacin, Vitamin B12 Supplements, d-Calcium Pantothenate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Riboflavin Supplement, Vitamin A Supplement, Biotin, Folic Acid), Choline Chloride, Taurine, Yucca Schidigera Extract.
- Feeding Instructions
DAILY FEEDING GUIDE: Feed according to the age, size and activity of your cat.
ADULT CATS: Feed 2 pouches per 5 lbs of body weight per day. Your cat should always have access to clean, fresh water. Feed at room temperature and refrigerate unused portion.


text:
PHOENIX, Ariz. - Jodi Arias Wednesday was found guilty of the first-degree murder of her then boyfriend Travis Alexander.
She was in a much-publicized trial for the past four months on charges of first-degree murder. Alexander was killed in June 2008 at his home in Phoenix.
The verdict was read Wednesday afternoon in Maricopa County Superior Court.
Article Photos
Jodi Arias in a recent photo by Associated Press.
Arias was a waitress and aspiring photographer. She initially denied involvement and later blamed the killing on masked intruders.
Two years after her arrest, she said she killed Travis Alexander in self-defense.
Jurors began deliberating Friday afternoon.
Read the whole story in The News and Sentinel on Thursday.


text:
Customer Care: (877) 818-4461
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Color: Medium Brown Style: DH3255
Medium Brown
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I can't wait to go back to Rome!!!
love rome
Go there next winter...
I really want to visit Rome and if ever I will, I will make sure that I'll get the chance of visiting their tourist spots.Gold Coast activities
The post is saying that Swiss cabin crew in third part of the trip. Useful post
This looks absolutely perfect. All these tinny details are made with lot of background knowledge. I like it a lot. This was a useful post
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Am I the only one hoping that they go more into detail as to what the Keepers are, where they come from?
I'll probably be buying it. Not right upon release, but eventually. I mean, a game doesn't have to be amazing for me to consider spending money on it. Regardless, games like mass effect are really just big long time killers anyway; you get all into them, then beat them, then for the most part it's over, not including any replays you feel like doing down the road. ME1 and ME2 are both really different, the first being more of an RPG with weapons and upgrades litered everywhere for you to customize your character as if you were in an MMO, while the second is more of a good old campaign mode with all sorts of different missions to complete. I don't see why everyone wouldn't expect the third to be anything like the first two. In any case, it's mostly the story that I'm interested in wrapping up. I'm mostly just curious about the history and purpose of the reapers, and I hope for the trilogy to have some sort of intriguing ending.
Am I the only one hoping that they go more into detail as to what the Keepers are, where they come from?
I was wondering the same thing. I think the story is the only thing that has me hooked ;_;....I still don't get how the fuck I'm supposed to put down that effin Sentinel in survival...maybe sumthing with a bigger boom?
For every two minutes of glamour, there are eight hours of hard work."
Maybe the keepers... BUILT THE REAPERS! :O Then became enslaved as a species... Or or or maybe they weren't enslaved, maybe they are still in control of everything and plotting all these evil master plans from the citadel... Not a likely theory as they probably would've handed everything over to sovereign at the end of ME1, but whatever. #thoughts
In all seriousness though, I bet progressing too far and becoming too technologically advanced leads to the discovery of some terrible secret about the entire universe, or poses some kind of threat to the health of the universe, so the reapers are there to limit civilization to it's galaxy. I dunno, also #thoughts, but just think of what could be out there beyond the single galaxy the games take place in.
No, because the Reapers flat out say "We are horrible monsters and we are going to kill you. The Citadel was a relay for us to do just that." No secret keeping there. They kill every 50,000 years, on the dot. Keeping secrets from being discovered? No, just bloodlust or purpose of annihilation.
It would be bad if they did this, because the whole idea behind it is mystery. Space is full of mystery, and a spacefaring game should be loaded with it, too.
True, but when it comes down to creatures such as the Keepers, you have to wonder what their story is. They're critical to keeping the Citadel up and running, so did the Protheans make them, how old is their species, they might actually be a big part of the whole story secretly, who knows. I'm not saying they should completely oust the keepers, but if you're gonna talk about em, why not try and dig a bit deeper? I'd say they should do this, rather than
To all you people hoping for a good plot resolution regarding the Reapers, hahahaa. I feel bad for you. I've read the script. It's shit. The explanation behind the Reapers is as underwhelming and stupid as everything else.
Do you like big boobs? Dragons? Ninja? Martial arts? Wizards? Then click here and make all your wildest dreams come true!!
The reapers are just one guy on a bed with a bunch of cats but he thinks he is stranded on an island
Assuming direct control of thread.


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Postal Telegraph boy, Danville, Va. That night he refused to show me through the Red Light District, said the manager did not permit them to go on such errands. A Western Union boy (tallest boy in photo 2182) eagerly took me around and revealed an appalling intimate acquaintance with the district and the inmates. (See Hine report on Va. messengers.)
Click tabs to swap between content that is broken into logical sections.


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Mr. and Mrs. Larry Scalf celebrate 31st anniversary
8:21 am | June 4, 2012Larry and Gail Scalf, 125 Atkins Drive, Elizabethton, will celebrate their 31st wedding anniversary on Monday, June 4, 2012.
They were married on June 4, 1981 in an outdoor ceremony at Watauga Point on Watauga Lake.
The couple are the parents of a daughter, Kathie Scalf, 137 Coal Chute Road, Elizabethton.
Larry and Gail will be celebrating the special occasion at an intimate barbecue with family and friends.


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Press ReleaseOpen Woods Weeks Announced for Forever Wild's Sipsey River Swamp Recreation Area and Nature PreserveJune 07, 2011 The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR) State Lands Division has scheduled six Open Woods Weeks at the Forever Wild Land Trust's Sipsey River Swamp Recreation Area and Nature Preserve. This beautiful tract is located in Tuscaloosa County near Buhl, Ala. off State Highway 82. It consists of over 3,000 acres of beautiful bottomland forest along the Sipsey River. The Sipsey River watershed is one of Alabama's 10 Natural Wonders. Open Woods Weeks are scheduled for June 10-19, July 8-17, August 12-21, September 9-18 and October 7-14. During Open Woods Weeks, the main gate will open on Friday at 4 p.m., stay open through the following week, and close on Sunday at 4 p.m. With the exception of the October dates during which the gate will close Friday, October 14 at 4 p.m. During each Open Woods Week, the public may drive into the tract along the designated main gravel road leading from the Jack's Drive Parking Area, to the south gate. Canoeing, birding, fishing, picnicking, and wildlife photography are welcome on these dates. Hiking, bicycle riding and horseback riding are discouraged on these dates, because of the increased vehicular traffic along the main road. The designated Open Woods Weeks are subject to the river not being in flood stage. In the event that the Sipsey River is out of its banks and flooding the roads on the Sipsey Tract, the event will be canceled and re-scheduled for a later date. The Forever Wild Land Trust has purchased more than 220,000 acres for public protection and recreation since the program began in 1992. It is supported in part by a special Forever Wild car tag available at all probate offices. The tag features several birds including a bald eagle, ducks and a great blue heron. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources promotes wise stewardship, management and enjoyment of Alabama's natural resources through five divisions: Marine Police, Marine Resources, State Lands, State Parks, and Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries. To learn more about the Forever Wild Program, visit www.alabamaforeverwild.com. ### |


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Volume 245, Preface 16 View pdf image (33K) |
REPORT OF THE COMPTROLLER OF THE TREASURY. XVI in which the duty is imposed upon the Comptroller to inter- Full exhibits of all the operations of the Treasury De- Respectfully submitted, THOS. J. KEAT1NG, Comptroller.
Volume 245, Preface 16 View pdf image (33K) |
|| Search the Archives || Education & Outreach || Archives of Maryland Online ] Governor General Assembly Judiciary Maryland.Gov |
An Archives of Maryland electronic publication.
For information contact


text: It means that your location is enabled for emergency (911) services. That's something you can't turn off in the stock settings (outside of running in airplane mode). If you turn on any of the other location services (VZW, Standalone, or Google), there will be three little waves coming from the right side of that icon.


text: I mentioned several days ago on facebook that I learned how to make green smoothies at a class. It was awesome! I am so excited to share with you the basic green smoothie recipe from the class. I... [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]] … Read the whole story »


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What ever happened to this?
I would like to help one way or another.
Moderator: General Moderators
Everah wrote:I believe there is an open wiki project being hosted by Maugrim the Reaper. The link should be somewhere in this thread. Basically the help that would be helpful would be adding content to the wiki at this point.
if ($toBe || $notToBe) echo 'That is the question';
Jcart wrote:I think this link has become http://www.patternsforphp.com/wiki/Main_Page
Everah wrote:Yeah, Maugrim's PHP Patterns site has been hit really hard. I have spent hours cleaning spam out of there, and there are others that have as well.
Maybe we can look at migrating the wiki to one of my servers?
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Submit Review
Campground Search
204587 User submitted reviews online!!
Location :
Port Orange, Florida
Nova Family Campground
[ 1/10 ]
The grounds of the park are not kept up at all with lots of overgrown grass and weeds. Sites are not organized, level or even spaced. Would Not Stay here again, very disappointed.
St Augustine, Florida
North Beach Camp Resort
[ 5/10 ]
Nice park but expensive. Restrooms could be kept up better. Numerous sites, some more level than others, and various sizes, so if you go, check with them on the size of the site. Would stay there again.
Navarre, Florida
Emerald Beach RV Park
[ 10/10 ]
Loved this park. The Cleanest we have ever been to. Concrete sites, no sand or dirt to have to keep up with. Nice private beach area. Very Friendly staff. Site was very easy to back into and had plenty of room, even though the sites were somewhat close together.


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Forums >Technical Support>"lost" miles on log.
DWARP Marathon Madness Mob
Former CR person here. VERY happy in general with this log, but when I went today's run, I noticed my overall mileage was down by, say, 30ish miles from what I had yesterday. Any idea what might have happened? I didn't delete any runs, but I did fill out a profile and clicked to share my log today. I did also hide or retire an old pair of shoes. But that couldn't have done it, could it? Still VERY happy here.
Passion is a rather frightening thing because if you have passion you don't know where it will take you.
When it's all said and done, will you have said more than you've done?
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FREDERICK Flood Insurance Training MD #C03896 DC#3427 VA #205243 PA #116914Paul Davis Restoration & RemodelingTuesday, November 19, 2013 from 9:00 AM to 12:00 PM (EST)Frederick, MD |
Who's Going
Event Details
Free continuing education class. The purpose of this class is to familiarize agents with the eligibility, rules, and coverage of the National Flood Insurance Program. This class is now a required part of continuing education in many States and is also required by Write ‐Your‐Own (WYO) insurance companies in order for agents to continue writing flood insurance with those carriers. Lunch will be served at 12:00.
For registration questions or directions, contact Laurel at 240-813-1622 or firstname.lastname@example.com
When & Where
PDR&R Frederick
5714 Industry Lane
Tuesday, November 19, 2013 from 9:00 AM to 12:00 PM (EST)
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Paul Davis Restoration & Remodeling
Paul Davis Restoration of Suburban MD and Washington, DC is a leading provider of fire and water damage clean up and restoration, mold removal and remodeling services for residential and commercial properties. Available 24/7, our business is cleaning up and restoring damage to homes and commercial structures due to:
In the event of a emergency, please call (301) 948-8008 and someone will assist you right away.


text: Brock: Who sees I ain't taking you as a serious threat. Yes I might talk a lot, but everyone here in IWA is a threat to me and Ryder. We are here to succeed, so we have to take everyone seriously in the ring no matter who. I have learn that anything can happen in the world of professional wrestling. So, go ahead and say I don't take you seriously.


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EBIA's Self-Insured Health Plans
Product Information
Frequency of Updates:
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Written and edited by experienced employee benefits attorneys,EBIA Self-Insured Health Plans is the go-to resource for employers that sponsor self-insured health plans and their advisors. For employers considering self-insurance, it answers all of your questions about what self-insurance means, why employers choose to self-insure, and what challenges to expect when changing from an insured plan to a self-insured plan. From plan design through ongoing administration, our in-depth coverage, practical examples, tips, tables, checklists, and sample documents keep you informed, in compliance, and on top of new developments.
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This extensive resource offers the guidance you need to make smart financial and compliance decisions for your plan.
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Geoff Roes Running Inaugural 100-Miler This Weekend
- By Duncan Larkin
- Published Apr. 29, 2011
He's competing on one of the hardest courses in the U.S.
Last year's Western States 100 champion and course-record holder Geoff Roes will be lacing up his shoes this weekend in Santa Barbara, California. He will be taking part in the inaugural 100-mile event that comprises part of the Santa Barbara Endurance Races.
Roes headlines the field which includes 27 runners who will be heading out on Friday night from Rancho Oso Western Village.
With 30,000 feet of elevation gain, the course is clearly no cakewalk. "Only two other events in America have more elevation gain than that," said race spokesman Chris Stone. "This course is brutal, long, and likely one of the hardest courses in America, if not the world."
Roes is the clear favorite. He was the ultra runner of the year in 2010 and looks to be the winner again this year.
"Geoff Roes is projected to finish in 24 hours, and there will likely be no runners within 10 hours of his time," Stone said.
For More: Presidio Sports
FILED UNDER: News TAGS: elevation gain / Geoff Roes / mountain running / Santa Barbara Endurance Race / Ultra Marathon / Ultra Runner of the Year award / ultras / Western States 100


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Vocal Range – Baritone
Singing – Musical Theater, Opera
Dancing – Tap
Languages – American English, French
Height – 6 feet 2 inches / 188 cm
Hair – Blonde
Eyes – Brown
Body Type – Slim/Slender
Ethnicity – White/Caucasian
Hi there! I am currently a classical voice student at the University of Massachusetts Amherst looking for summer theater opportunities. This Spring I will be starring as Eisenstein in UMASS Opera Workshop's production of Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauss. ...
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West Side Story – On the mean streets of New York City, two gangs are in a long-lasting duel. The Sharks, a Puerto Ri...
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Tosca – After the painter, Cavaradossi, discovers his fellow revolutionary, Mario, hiding in the church of S...
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Once On this Island – Taking place on a Caribbean island divided by social prejudice, 'Once On This Island' is a calyp...
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Last Five Years – The Last Five Years chronicles the five year relationship of Cathy and Jamie. The show describes the...
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Les Misérables – Jean Valjean is released after spending 19 years in prison for stealing a loaf of bread. As a result...
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Guys and Dolls – Desperate to find money to pay for his floating crap game, Nathan Detroit bets Sky Masterson a thous...
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A Chorus Line – A Chorus Line tells the story of a group of performers auditioning for a Broadway show. All the per...
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Nicely Nicely Johnson in Guys and Dolls.
Tony from West Side Story
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