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Results for keyword: marijuana growers
Ganjanomics: bringing Humboldt's shadow economy into the light
Marijuana growers and government officials in California's notorious "Emerald Triangle" work towards legitimizing the local cash crop.
by Matt Jenkins, Aug 15, 2011 -
Economies of vice
If marijuana becomes fully legal and taxable, it won't be the first time authorities have learned that it's easier - and more profitable - to manage vice than to try to eliminate it.
by Sarah Gilman, Aug 07, 2011


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By GV runner in Green Valley (Green Valley, CA) on Dec 6, 2010
Comments: I just purchased this machine, had it assembled for me... I turned it on, takes about 2 minutes to boot up since it is a computer after all. I logged onto Ifit, and Mapped a route using Google maps. Restarted the treadmill and after a 4 minute systems upgrade, I ran my first 5K route without a hitch! No headache, No glitches. I couldn't be happier with this new machine.

subset: commoncrawl


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2 reviews
More Enlarge
Apr 19, 2009
thanks for the script
but can you make a script that i can view the attachment photo with it`s full size
in the same email
Quite good
Jul 19, 2009
If the author can reduce the preview size and include two colums in a row and may be give an option to increase the preview size upon hover, it will be a bonus!
But well done! It is much better than clicking "view" again and again, as it gives a much better view of the attached picture.


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These are the best sugar cookies in the world. I know that I am making a bold claim here, but I stand behind it 100%. I have testimonials to back me up as well, let me know if you need references. Now you may notice that these are not cut into shapes or have pretty
[Read this Cute Post]


text: This product belongs to: Padfolios Category: Folios & Notebooks Subcategory: Padfolios Ships In: 2 - 3 business days (pending credit, art, and proof approval) Material: Leather Dimensions: 1 in. W X 10 in. H Imprint Area: 5.0 in. W X 2.0 in. H Decoration Method: Debossing, Silkscreen Weight: 1.92lb. Padfolio comes with built-in calculator to raise its "business" feel. - Measures 10"L x 1"W x 13"H - Made of pebble grain ultrahyde leather - Has interior organizer for business cards and documents - Features Quick-Flap® calculator panel - It includes 8.5" x 11" writing pad and 3" x 3" note pad - First color run charge is FREE Were you able to find what you were searching for? Zero Risk ShoppingLowest Price GuaranteeIf you find a lower price, we'll give you $50 off on your next order. 100% Satisfaction Guarantee If you're not happy with your order, it's FREE. On-time Shipment Guarantee If your order does not ship on time, it's FREE. Frequently Asked Questions about this ProductQ: How do I upload artwork? A: To use a graphic located on your local computer, click on the "Upload Now" button on the "Step 1: Get Your Artwork" page of the design studio. This will lead you to a new page. Click the "Browse" button and look for the file on your computer. Q: What is your Lowest Price Guarantee and how does it work? A: We guarantee that the item you are purchasing has the lowest price in the US. Be the first to find and report to email@example.com an advertised price that is lower than what you find on our site for the same product in a given Q: Why do minimum quantities differ from product to product? A: Minimum quantity requirements vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. In cases where a manufacturer's minimum order requirement exceeds your requested quantity, a Branders.com Specialist will assist you. Call us at 1-877-272-6337. Write in your question about this product: AVAILABLE COLORSCUSTOMER REVIEWS9 reviews Loved loved love the imprint of our logo and text! Looked great! The quality of the product. The product is very nice, is reasonably priced and I think our conference attendees will truly enjoy it for years to come. There isn't anything I like least about it. This product far exceeded our expectations for the price. The Debossing of our logo looked great and the calculator panel is a nice touch. Cost was terrific. Fit well within our budget. PEOPLE WHO VIEWED THIS ALSO VIEWEDMORE UPSCALELOWER PRICELOWER MINIMUMSFASTER TURN AROUND |


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This package installs an update to the Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 video driver for the Intel 810, 810E, and 815 video systems that comes preinstalled in your IBM computer. This document refers to IBM NetVista systems containing the following Intel chipsets: Intel 810 chipset, Intel 810E chipset, Intel 815 chipset. This update requires approximately 10MB of space on your hard disk (drive C). Print this file so that you can refer to it during the installation. |
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text: One of our most impressive accommodations, this magnificent suite exudes understated elegance and relaxed colonial style. Enjoying dramatic views of the Guia Fortress and the serenely symmetrical Lotus Park, this wonderful suite has a handsome décor with beautiful Portuguese fabrics, lush carpets and stunning teak furnishings. Accommodation includes a pantry, sumptuous sitting room, and large living area complete with dining table for six. There is a king bed in the master bedroom and twin beds in the second bedroom, with both enjoying beautiful marble bathrooms. The master bathroom also boasts a large jacuzzi bath, twin vanity area and walk-in shower.


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Tunguska: 100 Years and Counting
One hundred years ago, you wouldn't be having a good day near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River in what is now Russia's Krasnoyarsk region. That's because on June 30, 1908, this remote tract of mosquito-infested taiga endured the largest cosmic impact of the Industrial Age.
The Tunguska event didn't leave a crater — in fact, to this day investigators have never recovered a trace of the impactor itself — but its calling card was unmistakable. The interplanetary intruder came from the southeast, cutting a white-hot swath across the sky before exploding a few miles above the ground with a thousand times more destructive force than the nuclear blast that leveled Hiroshima, Japan.
The resulting shock wave toppled trees across more than 800 square miles, felling them in a radial pattern that pointed the way back to ground zero. A fireball incinerated anything closer in, including more than a thousand reindeer. Yet, owing to the area's remoteness, only one nomad lost his life.
Tunguska also left its mark throughout the Eastern Hemisphere. A seismograph in St. Petersburg, 2,500 miles to the west, recorded tremors in the ground. The night sky, lit up with tons of stratospheric dust, remained bright enough to cast shadows. Halos were common around the Sun.
Yet scientists of the day weren't interested in getting answers for these puzzling observations, and the Soviet Academy of Sciences didn't dispatch an expedition to the site until 1927. Its leader, Leonid Kulik, was amazed to find a sea of felled trees stretching to the horizon. Realizing that no terrestrial event could have caused devastation on this scale, he sought in vain for the large meteorite he believed to lie beneath the bogs at the blast's epicenter.
Over the years, all kinds of extraordinary causes have been invoked to explain the Tunguska event: a titanic explosion of subterranean methane, nuclear fusion from the deuterium in a comet's ices, collisions of Earth with a small black hole or antimatter — and, of course, the crash of an alien spacecraft.
Whatever the particulars, impact specialists now realize that Tunguska was a wake-up call to the scale of devastation that even a small asteroid or comet could wreak. And cosmic oddsmakers now predict that collisions of this magnitude occur every 1,000 years or so. So, in some sense, we're lucky that Tunguska happened so recently. Scientists have been able to assess the devastation firsthand and ponder how to avoid a "next time."
To mark this remarkable anniversary, Sky & Telescope asked a select group of solar-system specialists to reflect on Tunguska's legacy. Here's what they had to say:


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WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, W.Va. - Bubba Watson is making his first appearance at the Greenbrier Classic, already the center of attention despite dropping from 13th to 39th in the FedEx Cup points standings.
His week off following back-to-back fourth-place finishes at the Travelers Championship and CVS Caremark Charity Classic, respectively, put him in a precarious situation at the par 70, 7,287-yard Old White TPC, where he has ground to make up in his quest for a FedEx Cup championship.
He'll tee off at 1 p.m. today from the No. 1 hole with Phil Mickelson and Classic defending champion Ted Potter Jr.
While the native of Bagdad, Fla., is managing the ins and outs of the Old White, he's still dealing with the well-publicized dust-up between him and caddy Ted Scott on June 23 at the Travelers Championship.
Watson is trying to extend his streak of seasons with a PGA Tour win to four, and led at the Travelers by two strokes going to the par-3 No. 16.
Scott's choice of clubs led to Watson hitting his tee shot into a water hazard. After taking a drop and hitting his ball over the green, Watson asked his caddy sarcastically: "So, you're telling me that's, that's the right yardage?"
Watson, who won the Travelers in 2010, putted short on his fifth shot of the hole, and said, "There's just no reason for me to show up."
His triple bogey resulted in a fourth-place finish, and a CBS commentator said, "Somewhere along the line you've, ah, 'Hey, you hit it bud.'"


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- Autonomous region:
- Balearic Islands
- Province:
- Majorca
- Municipality:
- Calvià
- Town or city:
- Peguera
"Q" for Tourism Quality, a mark that represents quality in Spain's tourism sector.
Blue Flag, an annual award that recognises environmental quality.
The biggest of the three beaches of Peguera. The town centre and the promenade provide a variety of services and facilities, such as shops, bars, restaurants, sun lounger and sunshade hire and lifeguards. Ideal for fishing.
Type of beach
- Composition:
- Sand
- Type of sand:
- Blanca
- Conditions:
- Aguas tranquilas
- Length:
- 570 (m)
- Width:
- 40 (m)


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After nearly everything in the film was complete, Julie faced her ultimate test…screening Across the Universe for ex-Beatle Sir Paul McCartney.
From The Oprah Winfrey Show High Style on a Budget with Superstar Designer Vera Wang
Published on September 14, 2007
Keep ReadingMartin Luther King IIIOprah Radio host Gayle King talks to Martin Luther King III about his personal memories of his father and continuing Dr. King's legacy. Honoring Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'On the birthday of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., 'Oprah Radio' host Dr. Robin Smith urges us to adopt an attitude of peace. Celebrating Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.Oprah Radio host Dr. Robin Smith talks about the importance of celebrating Martin Luther King Day in your own life. Oprah Talks to Julie TaymorTony award winning director and artist Julie Taymor, the roar behind the Broadway musical The Lion King, pounces on the subject of creativity: its spark, risk, and heart-stopping power.
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The bell at the Alaska Capitol building will ring 26 times at 9:30 a.m. today, December 21, to honor each student and faculty member who lost their life on December 14 at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut.
This order from Governor Sean Parnell comes after a proclamation from Connecticut Governor Dan Malloy, who declared today as a "Day of Mourning." Governor Malloy requested that citizens observe a moment of silence at 9:30 a.m. local time. He asked places of worship and government buildings with the ability to do so, to ring their bells 26 times during this moment of silence.
Governor Parnell asks Alaskans to observe the moment of silence and asks churches to ring their bells at that time.
"I urge Alaskans to pause and remember those who lost their lives in this incomprehensible act of violence," said Parnell. "Sandy and I offer our condolences to the victims' families, friends, and neighbors as our nation continues to grieve this senseless loss."
Governor Parnell will also send a letter to Governor Malloy offering condolences on behalf of all Alaskans.
The bell at the Alaska Capitol building is a full-scale replica of the Liberty Bell. It is rung at the governor's discretion.
Contact Jessica Ridgway


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< Bibliographic notice 2 of 2 > |
Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2002/15/EC on the organisation of the working time of persons performing mobile road transport activities {SEC(2008) 2631} {SEC(2008) 2632}
/* COM/2008/0650 final - COD 2008/0195 */
Bilingual display: BG CS DA DE EL EN ES ET FI FR HU IT LT LV MT NL PL PT RO SK SL SV |
[pic] | COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES |
Brussels, 15.10.2008
COM(2008) 650 final
Proposal for a
amending Directive 2002/15/EC on the organisation of the working time of persons performing mobile road transport activities
(presented by the Commission)
1. Directive 2002/15/EC[1] of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2002 on the organisation of the working time of persons performing mobile road transport activities has become applicable on 23 March 2005. Its common rules ensure minimum social protection standards for mobile workers in the road transport sector and are perceived as an important step towards improving the health and safety protection of mobile workers in the sector, enhancing road safety and ensuring fair competition. The Directive, with its provisions aiming at the protection of mobile workers from adverse effects caused by excessively long working hours, inadequate rest or disruptive working patters, is a lex specialis to the general Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC and supplements Regulation (EC) No 561/2006[2] of 15 March 2006 laying down common rules on driving times and rest periods for drivers.
2. When adopting the Directive after a conciliation procedure, Council and Parliament agreed that it should in principle apply to self-employed drivers from 23 March 2009. In addition, the Commission is requested to present a report at the latest two years before that date to the European Parliament and the Council, followed by a legislative proposal based on the report, which would either define the modalities for the inclusion or exclude the self-employed drivers from the scope of the Directive (Article 2(1) of the Directive).
3. The Commission report[3] addressing potential consequences of the exclusion of self employed drivers from the scope of the Directive and assessing the effects of its night time provisions in respect of road safety, conditions of competition, the structure of the profession and social aspects was presented to the European Parliament and the Council in May 2007. The different ways in which its provisions are interpreted and implemented in various Member States may result in distortions of competition and differences in the minimum social standards applied across Member States. The difficulties lie in particular in an unclear distinction between mobile workers and self-employed drivers, which has led to enforcement problems and the risk of an increasing phenomenon of 'false' self-employed drivers for the purpose of avoiding falling in the scope of the directive. The report therefore concluded that there was not a decisive case for including self-employed drivers under the directive, but that it was important to address the issue of definitions and make them clear through an appropriate amendment that the notion of mobile worker covered by the directive also included the so-called 'false' self-employed drivers, i.e. those drivers who are not tied to an employer by an employment contract but who do not have the freedom to have relations with several customers.
4. In line with the Commissions commitment for better regulation, Community legislation should be clear, targeted, proportionate and enforceable. Following in-depth investigation with regard to its effects on road safety, conditions of competition, the structure of the profession as well as social aspects, the impact assessment has demonstrated that despite significant administrative costs, a full coverage of employed and self-employed drivers would not be enforceable and therefore the best option is to tackle the problem of false self-employed, instead of extending the scope of the Directive also to self-employed.
5. This proposal for a directive amending Directive 2002/15/EC is therefore intended to enhance clarity, readability and enforceability of the current rules by providing a more precise definition of mobile workers including so called 'false' self-employed drivers under this category of workers and therefore subject to the directive.
6. In the same report the Commission was also requested to assess the night time provisions (article 7(2) of the Directive). The report concluded that there is no demand to change or further harmonise the night time provisions. On this occasion it is also advisable to amend the definition of 'night work' contained in Article 3(i) of Directive 2002/15/EC. As it is worded now, 'night work' would include even very short periods of work, of a few minutes for instance, performed during night time. As such, the provision is economically and socially disproportionate and unnecessary. The Commission therefore proposes to reintroduce a minimum working time of 2 hours in the definition of night work as initially proposed.
7. The stakeholder consultations carried out in years 2006 and 2007 revealed that the majority of stakeholders regard the Directive as having mixed negative and positive impacts on different aspects. On the one hand, the working time rules are regarded by the majority as having positive impacts on health and safety, working conditions and aligning conditions of competition between transport companies, but on the other hand they bring about numerous negative side-effects such as loss of salary, shortage of drivers, and decrease in cost-effectiveness of the sector.
8. Almost all stakeholders highlighted problems related to the practice of implementing the working time rules and indicated that the existing system of controls and checks on drivers is weak. This further leads to distortions of competition putting those who abide by the rules in a disadvantaged position.
9. As regards foreseen impacts of inclusion or exclusion of self-employed drivers there were diverging views of different stakeholders, in particular with regard to a practice of enforcement and added value in terms of road safety and fair competition.
10. Generally stakeholders advocate: clarifying the scope of the Directive as well as certain definitions and provisions, improving effectiveness and efficiency of the enforcement regime, enhancing cooperation between national enforcement authorities, preventing the phenomenon of 'false' self-employed drivers.
11. All the comments made during stakeholder consultations have been taken into consideration in the course of the impact assessment carried out in 2007-2008. The aim of the impact assessment was to identify the best policy option, which would be enforceable, avoid unnecessary administrative burden as well as possible negative side-effects of the proposed arrangements and which would at the same time contribute to EU transport policy objectives.
12. Besides the basic policy options of inclusion and exclusion of self-employed drivers from the scope of the Directive, the impact assessment looked also at other measures such as strengthening the definition of mobile workers drivers in order to include "false self-employed", improving effectiveness, efficiency and consistency of enforcement regime in order to address the problem of low compliance. All possible economic, social, environmental and administrative impacts of four main policy options have been analyzed.
13. In view of the results of assessing the impacts of different policy options, this proposal reflects the combination of the option concerning inclusion of 'false self-employed' within the scope of the Directive by providing for legal clarification and the option of enhanced enforcement by establishing monitoring and control requirements by Member States. Indeed, it is only through efficient control of the applicable rules that the full effect of the provisions of the Directive is guaranteed.
14. The executive summary and the full text of the impact assessment accompany this proposal. The impact analyses show that current working time rules combined with enhanced clarity of the scope of the Directive and accompanied by enforcement requirements will improve compliance with social rules, reduce distortions of competition and enable Member States to avoid administrative burden and potential enormous enforcement costs related to setting up an EU wide complex enforcement regime.
15. Subsidiarity The proposal conforms to the subsidiarity principle as it aims essentially at clarification of the scope of the existing Community rules and improvement of their enforcement, which cannot be achieved by the Member States alone. Moreover the proposal seeks to improve exchange of information between the Member States' authorities which monitor the compliance with the rules. A Community action is therefore necessary since it is impossible for a single Member State or group of Member States to satisfactorily solve the identified problems.
16. Proportionality The proposal is in conformity with the proportionality principle as it does not exceed what is required to achieve its objective. It clarifies the scope of current rules and lays down general common requirements for ensuring their equitable enforcement, but does not prevent Member States from taking national decisions on the individual monitoring and control arrangements.
17. The proposal will not entail any additional costs for the Community budget and will not cause an administrative burden for Member States.
18. The proposal introduces the following modifications without changing the overall purpose of the directive, namely social protection of workers and those who are assimilated to workers under the social rules in road transport:
Article 2(1) of the Directive clarifies the scope. The Directive applies to all mobile workers as defined in Article 3(d) including the so called 'false' self-employed drivers, i.e. those drivers who are officially self-employed, but in fact are not free to organise their working activities. It does not cover genuine self-employed drivers who are not in the scope of the Directive.
Article 3(a) maintains the definition of 'working time' applicable to all drivers covered by the directive, but deletes the definition of "working time" for self-employed drivers as they fall out of the scope. In order to tackle the phenomenon of so called false self-employed, a more precise definition of 'mobile workers' is added to article 3 (d).
Article 3(i) makes the definition of "night work" applicable in practice.
Article 11(a) introduces common principles designed to ensure greater transparency and effectiveness of national enforcement regimes, common understanding of the rules and their equitable application. The new provisions also call for greater cooperation between Member States' relevant authorities responsible for enforcement as well as for support from the Commission to facilitate the dialogue between enforcers and industry and between Member States to ensure common approach to the implementation of working time rules. All this aims at improving compliance with the Community rules and consequently at contributing to EU transport policy objectives.
Proposal for a
amending Directive 2002/15/EC on the organisation of the working time of persons performing mobile road transport activities
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 71 and Article 137(2) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee[4],
Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions[5],
Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty[6],
(1) Council Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 of 15 March 2006 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport and amending Council Regulations (EEC) No 3821/85 and (EC) 2135/98 and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85[7] lays down common driving times, breaks and rest periods for drivers. That Regulation does not cover other aspects of working time for the road transport sector.
(2) Directive 2002/15/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2002 on the organisation of the working time of persons performing mobile road transport activities[8] establishes minimum requirements in relation to the organisation of working time in order to improve the health and safety protection of persons performing mobile road transport activities, to improve road safety and to align conditions of competition.
(3) Article 2(1) of Directive 2002/15/EC requires the Commission to report on the exclusion of self-employed drivers from the scope of the Directive and to make a proposal to that end.
(4) The Commission report on the consequences of the exclusion of self employed drivers from the scope of the Directive 2002/15/EC and on the consequences of the night time provisions[9] was presented to the European Parliament and the Council in May 2007.
(5) The experience with the transposition of Directive 2002/15/EC, stakeholder consultations, several studies and the impact assessment carried out revealed problems with the practice of implementing working time rules uniformly, low compliance discipline and weak enforcement regimes in Member States.
(6) As a consequence of differences in interpretation, application and enforcement of the provisions of Directive 2002/15/EC by the Member States and of a failure to adhere to the minimum working time standards by transport companies and drivers, competition is distorted, and the safety and health of drivers is jeopardized.
(7) In the light of the Commission report and the impact assessment, self-employed drivers should be excluded from the scope of Directive 2002/15/EC.
(8) Nevertheless, it is desirable that Member States continue to alert self-employed drivers of the adverse effects on health and safety as well as of negative impacts on road safety caused by excessively long working hours, inadequate rest or disruptive working patterns.
(9) It is therefore necessary to make certain technical adjustments to the text of Directive 2002/15/EC.
(10) The Community legislation is only efficient and effective if it is implemented by all Member States, applied equally to all actors concerned and controlled on a regular basis and in an efficient manner.
(11) Monitoring compliance is a complex task with multiple actors and therefore it requires cooperation between Member States and the Commission, as well as between Member States themselves.
(12) It is therefore appropriate to modernise Directive 2002/15/EC in order to remedy shortcomings in the implementation, application and enforcement of the rules by clarifying its scope, reinforcing administrative cooperation among Member States and promoting the exchange of information and good practice.
(13) The objective of this Directive, namely the modernisation of Community law on the organisation of working time and enhancing its enforceability, cannot be sufficiently achieved by Member States and can, therefore be better achieved at Community level; the Community may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, the Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve these objectives.
(14) This Directive respects fundamental rights and observes the principles specifically recognised in particular by the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In particular it seeks to ensure the right of every worker to working conditions which respect his or her health and safety as well as the right to limitation of maximum working hours, to daily and weekly rest periods (Article 31 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union).
(15) Directive 2002/15/EC should therefore be amended accordingly,
Article 1
Directive 2002/15/EC is amended as follows:
(1) Article 2 is amended as follows:
(a) paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:
"1. The Directive shall apply to mobile workers, as defined in Article 3(d) of this Directive, employed by undertakings established in a Member State, participating in road transport activities covered by Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 or, failing that, by the AETR Agreement.
This Directive shall also apply to mobile workers as defined in the second sentence of Article 3(d).
(b) in paragraphs 2 and 3 the reference "Directive 93/104/EC" is replaced by the reference "Directive 2003/88/EC".
(c) in paragraph 4 the reference "Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85" is replaced by the reference "Regulation (EC) No 561/2006".
(2) Article 3 is amended as follows
(a) point (a) 2, first sentence is deleted.
(b) The following sentence is added to point (d):
"'mobile worker' shall also include any person who is not tied to an employer by an employment contract or by any other type of working hierarchical relationship, but:
i who does not have the freedom to organise the relevant working activities;
ii whose income does not depend directly on the profits made;
iii who does not have the freedom, individually or through a cooperation between self-employed drivers, to have relations with several customers."
(c) point (e) is deleted.
(d) point (f) is replaced by the following:
"(f) 'person performing mobile road transport activities' shall mean any mobile worker who performs such activities;"
(e) point (i) is replaced by the following:
"(i) 'night work' shall mean work during a period of work which includes at least two hours work performed during night time."
(3) In Article 4(a) the reference "the fourth and fifth subparagraphs of Article 6(1) of Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 or, where necessary, the fourth subparagraph of Article 6(1) of the AETR agreement" is replaced by the reference "Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 or, where necessary, the AETR Agreement".
(4) In Article 5(1) the reference "Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85" is replaced by the reference "Regulation (EC) No 561/2006".
(5) In Article 6 the reference "Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85" is replaced by the reference "Regulation (EC) No 561/2006".
(6) The following Article 11a is inserted:
'Article 11a
1. Member States shall organise a system of appropriate and regular monitoring and controls in order to guarantee the correct and consistent implementation of the rules contained in this Directive. They shall ensure that the national bodies responsible for enforcement of the Directive have an adequate number of qualified inspectors and shall take whatever measures are appropriate.
2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission details of the monitoring and controls arrangements set up.
3. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that transport undertakings and mobile workers have access to information, assistance and advice in the field of working time rules and work organisation.
4. With a view to ensuring the effective, efficient and uniform implementation of the Directive throughout the Community, the Commission shall support dialogue between Member States with the following aims:
5. to reinforce administrative cooperation between their competent authorities, through the adoption of effective systems of exchange of information, the improvement of access to information and the promotion of exchange of information and good practices in enforcement of working time rules;
6. to promote a common approach to the implementation of this Directive;
7. to facilitate dialogue between the transport sector and enforcement authorities."
(8) In Article 13 the reference "Article 16(2) Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85" is replaced by the reference "Article 17(1) of Regulation (EC) No 561/2006".
Article 2
1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by […] at the latest. They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive.
When Member States adopt those provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. Member States shall determine how such reference is to be made.
2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.
Article 3
This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .
Article 4
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
Done at Brussels,
For the European Parliament For the Council
The President The President[pic][pic][pic]
[1] OJ L 80, of 23.3.2002, p.35
[2] OJ L 102, of 11.4.2006, p.1
[3] COM(2007) 266 final
[4] OJ C , , p. .
[5] OJ C , , p. .
[6] OJ C , , p. .
[7] OJ L 102, 11.4.2006, p. 1.
[8] OJ L 80, 23.3.2002, p. 35.
[9] COM(2007) 266 final
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My dear friend, sister in Christ and Minister asked me to create a slideshow using one of her favorite songs. This is the result. I hope you enjoy it as much as she did.
Please add a name and description in order to save your playlist to your user profile.


text:
Lido Shores home marks record sale this year
Date: July 22, 2009
by: Robin Hartill | Community Editor
A Lido Shores home sold for $7,423,500 Friday, July 17, according to the Sarasota County Clerk of the Court Web site, www.sarasotaclerk.org.
The sales price is a year-to-date record for Sarasota County.
The home, located at 1301 Westway Drive, has four bedrooms, five-and-a-half baths and a swimming pool. It has 8,339 square feet, 5,989 of which are air-conditioned living area.
Linda Roe Dickinson, of Michael Saunders & Co., was the listing agent for the transaction. Lisa Rooks Morris, of Prudential Palms Realty, represented the buyer.
According to the clerk's Web site, Robert and Anne Essner, of Morristown, N.J., bought the home from Sole Investments LLC, of New York City.
Sole Investments LLC purchased the property for $1.89 million in 2002 and tore down the previous home. The existing structure was built in 2006.
Contact Robin Hartill at firstname.lastname@example.com.
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- Mar
12 Mardi Gras comes to Sarasota
6:00 pm - Mar
13 Paris Flea Market - An Upscale Sale
4:00 pm - 7:00 pm - Mar
14 Paris Flea Market - An Upscale Sale
10:00 am - 5:00 pm - Mar
15 Gardens in Paradise
10:00 am - 5:00 pm - Mar
15 Sarasota Spring Fine Art Festival
10:00 am - 5:00 pm - Mar
17 Nia with Gail in Sarasota
4:45 pm - 5:45 pm - Mar
20 Town Hall Series: Leon Panetta
10:30 am - Mar
20 Reason to Hope
11:00 am
Key member
The Church of the Redeemer celebrated its organist and choirmaster, Ann Stephenson-Moe, for her 40 years of service Saturday, Feb. 22. -
Pickin' picnic
Bluegrass fans flocked to Siesta Key Saturday for the Turtle Beach Bluegrass Picnic. -
Tick Tock
Daylight Saving Time starts 2 a.m. Sunday, so be sure to set your alarm accordingly.


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On Tuesday night, as a Valentine's Day treat, Paramount hosted special allege screenings of a latest 3D version of James Cameron's Titanic. Although we have my issues with a thought of a money-grabbing re-release set to happen during a same time with a disaster's centennial this Apr (not that it doesn't fit with 100 years of distressing exploitation), we did get to see a preview of footage from this 3D acclimatisation last tumble as good as as we competence recall, I was overtly "satisfied." I'm not a large sufficient air blower of a movie altogether to compensate for as good as lay by a full-length knowledge this spring, though we wouldn't discuss it any a singular to stay away. Unless we haven't seen Pina yet, since that's a many appropriate 3D movie for your income (and a Oscar-nominated doc is now personification during theaters all over a U.S.!).
Anyway, not everybody is as tender with Cameron's acclimatisation as we was, as good as competence be we could shift my thoughts after observant all 3 hours. But it's engaging customarily how divisive this re-release is for people who held it this week. The exclusion from Roger Ebert is as predicted as criticisms come, as good as many of a sure reactions I've found have been from fans who have been nowhere nearby a "professional" spin that he is. But there's additionally a lot of "10 out of 10" ratings as good as a constant explain from a New York Post that Kate Winslet's breasts have been value any cent. we goal that regard ends up in a ads.
What have been people observant about a 3D in the Titanic re-release? Here's The Conversation listened around a Internet:
Cameron has properly been praised for being a singular of a integrate of directors to operate 3D usefully, in "Avatar." But "Titanic" was not shot for 3D, as good as customarily as we cannot gloss over a pig, we cannot have 2D in to 3D. What we can do, as good as he tries to do it well, is find sure scenes that we can benefaction as carrying planes of concentration in foreground, center as good as distance. So what? Did we skip any measure a initial time we saw "Titanic?" No have a disproportion how prolonged Cameron took to do it, no have a disproportion how many he spent, this is retrofitted 2D. Case closed. But not quite. There's some-more to it than that. 3D causes a conspicuous detriment in a liughtness entrance from a screen. Some contend as many as twenty percent. If we saw an typical movie dimmed that much, we competence protest to a management. Here you're ostensible to be beholden we had a event to compensate a surcharge for this defacement. If you're rapt to it, you'll notice that many shots as good as sequences in this chronicle have been not in 3D during all, though sojourn in 2D. If we take off your glasses, they'll cocktail off a shade with dramatically softened brightness. we know since a movie is in 3D. It's to clear a additional charge. That's a unfair approach to provide a masterpiece. – Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times
we found myself wanting to take a eyeglasses off repeatedly. And here is why: it's similar to examination a movie by a filter. Call it darkness, call it clarity… call it what we like. But for me, generally upon Titanic, a slight facial hair as good as occasional acne underneath a make-up upon Kate Winslet as good as a tiny pock outlines upon Leonardo DiCaprio's face have been a partial of a cognisance of a movie. The movie takes such perfected efforts to get any item right… we wish to see them, together with a imperfections. And with those eyeglasses on, we could not. Some competence be happy not to see detail… to have a picture smoothed out even more. But not me. These people have been beautiful. They're [sic] imperfections have been beautiful. [...] There were, maybe, a half dozen shots in a total movie in that a 3D finished any disproportion of stress to me. And as we say, a eyeglasses price intimacy. – David Poland, The Hot Blog (Movie City News)
Despite Cameron's much-acclaimed technical achievements with Avatar, a retrospective stereoscopy of this square is positively not starting to be winning any awards. Like many alternative latest drive-in theatre constructed in 2D as good as converted to 3D, a outcome is distant from convincing, seeking similar to an collection of 2D images with what competence or competence not be a bit of abyss in between them. What it adds is not sufficient to have up for a disastrous goods of a conversion; that is, a poignant detriment of picture liughtness as good as a eye strain/general discomfort/indignity caused by wearing a clunky eyeglasses for 3 hours straight. Frankly, whatever your perspective of a strange film, examination it with a further of what we demur to call "3D" is not starting to have it any improved and, in fact, can customarily relieve a experience. [...] the further of 3D in no approach creates for a improved movie or counters a many problems with a narrative. It is mocking upon multiform levels that Titanic is still heavily not in in depth. – Kieron Moore, The Film Pilgrim
Overall it unequivocally adds zero to a knowledge of a movie we competence have enjoyed or hated prior to in 2D. The ship's violation isolated as good as a thrust in to a icy waters looks customarily a same as it did when we saw it in 1998 as good as it evokes a same tension from me as it did then, simply since it was an intensely good finished movie a initial time round. [...] The movie alone creates that magic as good as tension for us, as good as that's something 3D will never be means to achieve. – Patrick Samuel, Static Mass Emporium
The many appropriate that can be pronounced about Titanic's 3D acclimatisation is that it's not bad. But there isn't sufficient of an outcome to aver pricier ticket. That was no 3D. That was 2D with a small visible apparition thrown in. If we wish to see Titanic again, go see it since we wish to see it upon a giant-ass shade again with glorious sound. Not for 3D. - @stayfrostymw
There wasn't many abyss to a drive-in theatre altogether 3D look. we felt that "Phantom Menace" has a improved acclimatisation job, generally since of a context of a movie in a small ways indispensable it. That movie is an movement movie; this movie is a drama, solid as good as simple. So, we theory a 3D in this movie is unequivocally a double-edged sword. 3D Grade: C- - That Movies We Love Site
Titanic 3D rerelease > Star Wars Episode 1 3D rerelease - @XChadballX
we feel assured in observant that a 3D acclimatisation for Titanic isn't customarily a many considerable 3D post acclimatisation that's been done, though it additionally boasts a singular of a many astonishment moving utilizations of a format I've ever seen. Being right up there with Avatar as good as Hugo. It puts even some-more contrition to prior rushed 3D conversions such as Clash of a Titans, Green Lantern, as good as even a latest bittersweet acclimatisation of The Phantom Menace. The perfected volume of work that Cameron as good as association put in to converting any shot to 3D is clear from begin to finish. Every shot utilizes a illusory clarity of abyss as good as immersion. Even a slower discourse formed initial half consistently wowed me with a 3D. Some sold sequences where we felt a 3D customarily simply excelled include: a classical I'm flying" scene, Rose (Kate Winslet) navigating by a flooding inlet of a boat as good as of march a falling itself. Is Titanic value returning to in 3D? Absolutely. 10/10 – Joel Walden, Joel a Movie Guy
In this unequivocally singular case, a 3D record improves upon what is a singular of a biggest suit cinema ever made. [...] As awful as an additional post acclimatisation of a blockbuster competence sound, this is as good as it gets. TITANIC 3D is a acquire lapse to this classical adore story. James Cameron's epic origination shines as good as visually, audibly, it is a overwhelming achievement, though a common accoutrements of conversion. All low expectations as good as doubts can be thrown overboard. 10/10. - JimmyO, JoBlo.com
Titanic 3D 10/10 #absolutelyperfect - @emmadunwoody
It's a beautiful transfer, as good as it creates a knowledge indeed unique. There's an combined romantic stroke when she sinks. The rank as well as file of people in a H2O appear positively incredible, as good as afterwards in spin lilliputian by a falling bulky body soaring over them. Another method where we could indeed see a layers of a 3D movie substantiating depth, is Rose's attainment in America whilst it's raining, a sleet has covering upon layer, not a singular sheet… we can customarily suppose a work that went in to converting this movie to 3D… was it necessary? No. Does it essentially raise a drama starting experience… Yes. – TD Rideout, The Mind Reels
Titanic 3D is flattering excellent. The visuals have been crisper. It's not a repulsive kind of 3D where things is thrown during you. It's roughly worked seamlessly in to a film. There have been a integrate scenes where it looked a small awkward. One stage where Jack (Leonardo DiCaprio) as good as Rose (Kate Winslet) have been perplexing to outpace a call of H2O next rug was weird. It seemed for a second that Rose's face was detached. The peculiar multiple of a lighting as good as 3D outcome did that. – Gabrielle Adelle, The Young Folks
we can overtly contend that here, a 3D is magnificent, as good as not customarily for a philharmonic of a falling ship. [...] What tender me many were a close-ups of faces, any wrinkle, thoughtfulness as good as hair have been since latest dimension from a 3D. It's a unequivocally personal experience. Images of a tangible mutilate turn some-more scary as good as distinctively hulking. Also, a interior shots of a boat prior to it sank have been breathtaking. As a camera moves by hallways, staircases as good as atriums, there is a genuine clarity of space as good as grandeur. It additionally lends becomes horrifying during a falling sequences where seeking down a vastly low mezzanine stuffing with H2O seems all though hopeless. [...] the 3D here not customarily improves a experience, though additionally leaves we wondering what he could have finished had he been filming it in 3D from a start! – Chad, Quiet upon a Set!
The 3D chronicle is a pound success as good as substantially a many appropriate post-conversion any assembled. Why wouldn't it be? Who would disbelief James Cameron? Well in all honestly, me as good as we was wrong. Dead wrong. [...] Cameron uses a 3D to settle spatial relations as good as we indeed get a clarity of that at your convenience dual people have been articulate in a stage as good as a camera is sharpened over a shoulder of a singular of them. The 3D doesn't regularly work, though at your convenience it fails, a routine isn't to blame, it's customarily a antiquated visible f/x. Ninety percent of a visible f/x in Titanic have been upon point. They demeanour incredibly picturesque as good as reason up improved than many drive-in theatre finished today. But where an f/x shot was not in in 1997, it looks kinda musty in 3D. [...] For a many part, a 3D acclimatisation in this movie works. we generally enjoyed it during a sunlit daytime scenes upon rug as good as in a guts of a boat where we see those hulk pistons pierce up as good as down. Then there is a last genocide throes of a boat that looks fantastic in 3D, 2D, any approach we cut it. [...] The movie as good as a latest 3D have been a wonder at as good as together they work. They unequivocally work. - "Lucky Man Sven," a reader submitting to Latino Review
we had a good high regard of how sensibly as good as subtly Cameron used 3-D record to have a good movie greater. [...] Though "Titanic'' is half an hour longer than his "Avatar,'' we found it reduction of a aria upon a eyes. The 3D in "Titanic'' is some-more in effect than in many drive-in theatre that were creatively filmed in a process. It adds abyss as good as creates a proportions of a suggested ship, a decks as good as corridors demeanour even incomparable as good as longer. [...] The already-spectacular goods in a prolonged falling method demeanour even some-more monumental in 3-D. It helps that Cameron creatively filmed "Titanic'' in a comparatively classical style, so there have been fewer of those discerning cuts that can be so differing in 3-D, that requires some-more time for your brain to routine edits. Winslet's seductive figure in 3-D is a singular of a many enchanting goods — along with DiCaprio's climactic slip in to a depths, splendidly rendered stereotypically. - Lou Leminick, New York Post
And here have been a small exit reactions from people who attended a Valentine's Day preview via College Candy:
Follow Christopher Campbell upon Twitter (@thefilmcynic) to join The Conversation.


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Belgian Real Life Non-interventional Study (NIS) on Xarelto in Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Patients Treated for the Prevention of Stroke and Systemic Embolism (BOX-AF)
This study is currently recruiting participants.
Verified March 2014 by Bayer
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First received: May 14, 2013
Last updated: March 4, 2014
Last verified: March 2014
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Estimated Study Completion Date: | December 2014 |
Estimated Primary Completion Date: | October 2014 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |


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The show was amazing! The venue was beautiful and being able to come to NYC from NC after not being there for many years was special. Playing tour guide to fellow Third Day fan Wendy was fun. We did the tourist thing and finished the day with the show. Was so pumped after the show that we got our second wind and went to the Empire State Building to view the city from the 86th floor!! The show was awesome. Peter Furler was the icing on the cake. Let's do it again soon!
Great show in my hometwon, flew up from Florida for it, will it ever be available to purchase?
Please put that show up on sale that was an Amazing 2 hour show would love to have that one for the future enjoyment
My wife and I attended your March 8th concert in Chicago. I had just arrived that day from a long flight from China. Talk about uplifting. Your music is one of my more important ways to daily worship the Grace of Jesus. God bless
I went to see the roadshow in SLC Ut last night! Was so much fun and such a blessing to be able to go! Thank you so much for coming to Utah!! We love you guys so much here!
FINALLY got signed up for the website. I sooooooo want to see you guys in concert! I know you are coming to Chicago on March 8 but I can't afford the tickets or the babysitter lol! I will patiently wait until God decides it's time for me to see ya'll in concert! Keep on doing what you're doing. Your music has really touched my life and has and still is bringing me through the most difficult time in my life. Much LOVE AND BLESSINGS!!
I only decided to go to the show about 4 hours before show time. I bought my ticket online and went. I'm glad I did. Awesome show all the way around. Loved hearing the audience singing along and lifting hands, worshipping God and hearing the crowd roar and go nuts over God instead of a football quarterback throwing a touchdown pass. Not that there's anything wrong with that. It was just cool hearing a ROCK N ROLL Crowd, cheer our savior nice and loud!!!
The show was at the Save Mart Center in Fresno on Valentines Day. The pic below is from that show..
My wife and I attended your March 8th concert in Chicago. I had just arrived that day from a long flight from China. Talk about uplifting. Your music is one of my more important ways to daily worship the Grace of Jesus. God bless
Hi! I have tried to get my story to every celebrity I can think of. I have loved your music for 3 years. I am 12 years and and when I was 7 I had a ruptured brain aneurysm. I don't really want to put all of the story on here but the first week I was at CHOA the doctors said I wasnt going to live. Then they said I would never walk nor talk ever agsin but I am. During a 10 hour surgery I died n went to heaven. During an angeogram I had a stroke n it effected my left side. Im blind in my left eye. I wear a brace on my left leg n wobble bc im disabled/handicapped. I grt bullied everyday by the funiness in my walking. I dont let it stop me bc im a child of god. I am a christian. And I know god has big plans for me to save me from my ruptured brain aneurysm. I listen to 88.5 The Truth and 93.3 The Joy.fm all the time in the car. Everytime I hear Mac Powell I scream THIRD DAY!!! I know all the words to every song. I practice singing your songs because I love them so much. By hearing a few words of each song I can name it. I have been begging my mama and daddy to get me Third Day tickets. She finally did. I am going to Greenville, SC on March 27th. I hope that you are reading this because it took me a long time. My favorite bible verses are Philippians 4:13, Jeremiah 29:11, Isaiah 53:5, John3:16 James 1:19, Romans 12:2, and of course Joshua 1:9 RAK CHAZAK!!!!!! ISAIAH 53:5 BY HIS WOUNDS WE ARE HEALED. If someone is reading this that is good friends with Third Day please show this to them. Oh and tell them that on March 27th for the concert look straight in the middle #119 is where me n my family will be sitting!


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Download Area Flyer - PDF CTE...Giving Students the Edge FOR MORE INFORMATION: rachel [dot] decker [at] schools [dot] utah [dot] gov (Rachel Decker), Specialist Health Science Education Phone: 801>538-7843 Fax: 801>538-7868
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Brief Summary
Streptococcus is a genus of spherical Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group. Cellular division occurs along a single axis in these bacteria, and thus they grow in chains or pairs, hence the name — from Greek στρεπτος streptos, meaning easily bent or twisted, like a chain (twisted chain). Contrast this with staphylococci, which divide along multiple axes and generate grape-like clusters of cells. Most streptococci are oxidase- and catalase-negative, and many are facultative anaerobes.
Viridans streptococci
The viridans streptococci are a large group of commensal streptococcal bacteria species that are either α-hemolytic, producing a green coloration on blood agar plates (hence the name "viridans", from Latin "vĭrĭdis", green), or nonhemolytic. The pseudotaxonomic non-Linnean term Streptococcus viridans is often used to refer to this group of species, but writers that do not like to use the pseudotaxonomic term (which treats a group of species as if they were one species) prefer the terms viridans streptococci[1] or viridans streptococcal species.
These species possess no Lancefield antigens.[2] In general, pathogenicity is low.[3]
Viridans streptococci can be differentiated from Streptococcus pneumoniae using an optochin test, as viridans streptococci are optochin resistant; they also lack either the polysaccharide-based capsule typical of S. pneumoniae or the Lancefield antigens of the pyogenic members of the genus.[4]
Viridans streptococci | Streptococcus pneumoniae | |
Solubility in bile | Insoluble | Soluble |
Fermentation of inulin | Not a fermenter | Fermenter with acid production |
Sensitivity to optochin | Not sensitive | Sensitive |
Pathogenicity to mice | Nonpathogenic | Pathogenic |
Quellung test | Negative | Positive |
The organisms are most abundant in the mouth, and one member of the group, S. mutans, is the etiologic agent of dental caries in most cases and populations. Others may be involved in other mouth or gingival infections as pericoronitis.
If they are introduced into the bloodstream, they have the potential of causing endocarditis, in particular in individuals with damaged heart valves. They are the most common causes of subacute bacterial endocarditis.
Viridans streptococci have the unique ability to synthesize dextrans from glucose, which allows them to adhere to fibrin-platelet aggregates at damaged heart valves. This mechanism underlies their ability to cause subacute valvular heart disease following their introduction into the bloodstream (e.g., following dental extraction).
- See List of antibiotics.
- ^ Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, headword "streptococcus", subentry "viridans streptococci".
- ^ Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 293–4. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- ^ Viridans Streptococci at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ Patterson MJ (1996). "Streptococcus". Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
This bacteria-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Streptococcus is a genus of spherical Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes[2] and the lactic acid bacteria group. Cellular division occurs along a single axis in these bacteria, and thus they grow in chains or pairs, hence the name—from Greek στρεπτός streptos, meaning easily bent or twisted, like a chain (twisted chain).
Contrast this with staphylococci, which divide along multiple axes and generate grape-like clusters of cells. Most streptococci are oxidase- and catalase-negative, and many are facultative anaerobes.
In 1984, many organisms formerly considered Streptococcus were separated out into the genera Enterococcus and Lactococcus.[3] There are currently over 50 species recognised in this genus.
Pathogenesis and classification[edit]
In addition to streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), certain Streptococcus species are responsible for many cases of pink eye,[4] meningitis, bacterial pneumonia, endocarditis, erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis (the 'flesh-eating' bacterial infections). However, many streptococcal species are nonpathogenic, and form part of the commensal human microbiome of the mouth, skin, intestine, and upper respiratory tract. Furthermore, streptococci are a necessary ingredient in producing Emmentaler ("Swiss") cheese.
Species of Streptococcus are classified based on their hemolytic properties.[5] Alpha hemolytic species cause oxidization of iron in hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells, giving it a greenish color on blood agar. Beta hemolytic species cause complete rupture of red blood cells. On blood agar, this appears as wide areas clear of blood cells surrounding bacterial colonies. Gamma-hemolytic species cause no hemolysis.
Beta-hemolytic streptococci are further characterised via Lancefield serotyping, which describes specific carbohydrates present on the bacterial cell wall.[6] There are 20 described serotypes, named Lancefield groups A to V (excluding I and J).
In the medical setting, the most important groups are the alpha-hemolytic streptococci S. pneumoniae and Streptococcus Viridans-group, and the beta-hemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A and B (also known as "Group A strep" and "Group B strep").
- S. pneumoniae (sometimes called Pneumococcus), is a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia and occasional etiology of otitis media, sinusitis, meningitis and peritonitis.
Inflammation is thought to be the major cause of how pneumococcus causes disease, hence the tendency of diagnoses associated with it to involve inflammation.
The Viridans group: alpha-hemolytic[edit]
- Streptococcus viridans is a pseudotaxonomic non-Linnean term for a large group of commensal streptococcal bacteria that are either α-hemolytic, producing a green coloration on blood agar plates (hence the name "viridans", from Latin "vĭrĭdis", green), or nonhemolytic. They possess no Lancefield antigens.[2]
Group A[edit]
S. pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS), is the causative agent in a wide range of Group A streptococcal infections. These infections may be non-invasive or invasive. The non-invasive infections tend to be more common and less severe. The most common of these infections include streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat) and impetigo.[7] Scarlet fever is also a non-invasive infection, but has not been as common in recent years.
The invasive infections caused by Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus tend to be more severe and less common. This occurs when the bacterium is able to infect areas where it is not usually found, such as the blood and the organs.[8] The diseases that may be caused as a result of this include streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), necrotizing fasciitis (NF), pneumonia, and bacteremia.[7]
Additional complications may be caused by GAS, namely acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. Rheumatic fever, a disease that affects the joints, kidneys, and heart valves, is a consequence of untreated strep A infection caused not by the bacterium itself. Rheumatic fever is caused by the antibodies created by the immune system to fight off the infection cross-reacting with other proteins in the body. This "cross-reaction" causes the body to essentially attack itself and leads to the damage above. Globally, GAS has been estimated to cause more than 500,000 deaths every year, making it one of the world's leading pathogens.[7] Group A Streptococcus infection is generally diagnosed with a Rapid Strep Test or by culture.
Group B[edit]
S. agalactiae, or GBS, causes pneumonia and meningitis in neonates and the elderly, with occasional systemic bacteremia. They can also colonize the intestines and the female reproductive tract, increasing the risk for premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy, and transmission of the organism to the infant. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control recommend that all pregnant women between 35 and 37 weeks gestation should be tested for GBS. Women who test positive should be given prophylactic antibiotics during labor, which will usually prevent transmission to the infant.[9]
In the UK, clinicians have been slow to implement the same standards as the US, Australia and Canada. In the UK, only 1% of maternity units test for the presence of Group B Streptococcus.[10] Although the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists issued risk-based guidelines in 2003 (due for review 2006), the implementation of these guidelines has been patchy. As a result, over 75 infants in the UK die each year of GBS-related disease, and another 600 or so suffer serious infection, most of which could be prevented;[11] however, this is yet to be substantiated by randomized, controlled trial in the UK setting and, given the evidence for the efficacy of testing and treating from other countries, it may be that the large-scale trial necessary would receive neither funding nor ethics approval.[12]
Group C[edit]
This group includes S. equi, which causes strangles in horses,[13] and S. zooepidemicus—S. equi is a clonal descendent or biovar of the ancestral S. zooepidemicus—which causes infections in several species of mammals, including cattle and horses. Streptococcus dysgalactiae is also a member of Group C, β-haemolytic streptococci that can cause pharyngitis and other pyogenic infections similar to Group A streptococci.
Group D (enterococci)[edit]
Many former Group D streptococci have been reclassified and placed in the genus Enterococcus (including Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans, and Enterococcus avium).[14] For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis.
The remaining nonenterococcal Group D strains include Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus equinus.
Nonhemolytic streptococci rarely cause illness. However, weakly hemolytic group D beta-hemolytic streptococci and Listeria monocytogenes (which is actually a Gram-positive bacillus) should not be confused with nonhemolytic streptococci.
Group F streptococci[edit]
Group F streptococci were first described in 1934 by Long and Bliss amongst the "minute haemolytic streptococci".[15] They are also known as Streptococcus anginosus (according to the Lancefield classification system) or as members of the S. milleri group (according to the European system).
Group G streptococci[edit]
These streptococci are usually, but not exclusively, beta-hemolytic. Streptococcus canis is an example of a GGS which is typically found on animals, but can cause infection in humans.
Group H streptococci[edit]
This section does not cite any references or sources. (September 2013) |
Group H streptococci is a very rare infection caused by the herptitis bacteria found in medium sized canines. Group H streptococci rarely causes illness unless a human has direct contact with the mouth of a canine. One of the most common ways this can be spread is human to canine, mouth-to-mouth contact. However, canine may lick the humans hand and infection can be spread as well.
Molecular taxonomy and phylogenetics[edit]
Streptococci have been divided into six groups on the basis of their 16S rDNA sequences: Anginosus, Bovis, Mitis, Mutans, Pyogenes and Salivarius.[17] The 16S groups have been confirmed by whole genome sequencing (see figure). The important pathogens S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes belong to the Mitis and Pyogenes groups, respectively, while the causing agent of dental caries,Streptococcus mutans, is basal to the Streptococcus group.
The genomes of hundreds of species have been sequenced.[18] Most Streptococcus genomes are 1.8 to 2.3 Mb in size and encode 1,700 to 2,300 proteins. Some important genomes are listed in the table.[19] The four species shown in the table (pyogenes, agalactiae, pneumoniae, and mutans) have an average pairwise protein sequence identity of about 70%.[19]
feature | S. pyogenes | S. agalactiae | S. pneumoniae | S. mutans |
bp | 1,852,442 | 2,211,488 | 2,160,837 | 2,030,921 |
ORFs | 1792 | 2118 | 2236 | 1963 |
prophages | yes | no | no | no |
See also[edit]
- ^ "Result of detail taxonomy information". TXSearch Taxonomy Retrieval. DNA Data Bank of Japan. 19 February 2010. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
- ^ a b Ryan KJ, Ray CG, ed. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- ^ Facklam R (October 2002). "What happened to the streptococci: overview of taxonomic and nomenclature changes". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 15 (4): 613–30. doi:10.1128/CMR.15.4.613-630.2002. PMC 126867. PMID 12364372.
- ^ http://www.medicinenet.com/pink_eye/article.htm
- ^ Patterson MJ (1996). Streptococcus. In: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ^ Facklam R (2002). "What happened to the streptococci: overview of taxonomic and nomenclature changes". Clin Microbiol Rev 15 (4): 613–30. doi:10.1128/CMR.15.4.613-630.2002. PMC 126867. PMID 12364372.
- ^ a b c Cohen-Poradosu, Ronit; Dennis L. Kasper (2007). "Group A Streptococcus Epidemiology and Vaccine Implications". Clinical Infectious Diseases.
- ^ "Streptococcal Infections (Invasive Group A Strep)". New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- ^ Schrag S, Gorwitz R, Fultz-Butts K, Schuchat A (2002). "Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC". MMWR Recomm Rep 51 (RR-11): 1–22. PMID 12211284.
- ^ Hughes, RG, et al. Prevention of Early Onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
- ^ "Group B Strep Support Home Page". Group B Strep Support. 2007-01-09.
- ^ "RCOG: Preventing group B streptococcus infection in new born babies". RCOG. February 2006.
- ^ Harrington D, Sutcliffe I, Chanter N (2002). "The molecular basis of Streptococcus equi infection and disease". Microbes Infect 4 (4): 501–10. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(02)01565-4. PMID 11932201.
- ^ Köhler W (June 2007). "The present state of species within the genera Streptococcus and Enterococcus". International Journal of Medical Microbiology 297 (3): 133–50. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2006.11.008. PMID 17400023.
- ^ Whitworth JM (November 1990). "Lancefield group F and related streptococci" (PDF). J. Med. Microbiol. 33 (3): 135–51. doi:10.1099/00222615-33-3-135. PMID 2250284.
- ^ http://patricbrc.org/portal/portal/patric/Phylogeny?cType=taxon&cId=1301
- ^ Kawamura Y, Hou XG, Sultana F, Miura H, Ezaki T (1995) Determination of 16S rRNA sequences of Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus gordonii and phylogenetic relationships among members of the genus Streptococcus. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45: 406–408
- ^ Streptococcus genomes and related information at PATRIC
- ^ a b Ferretti, J. J.; Ajdic, D.; McShan, W. M. (2004). "Comparative genomics of streptococcal species". The Indian journal of medical research. 119 Suppl: 1–6. PMID 15232152.
Streptococcus milleri group
Streptococcus milleri group | |
Classification and external resources | |
MeSH | B03.510.400.800.872.875.475, B03.510.550.737.872.875.475, B03.510.400.800.872.875.475, |
Streptococcus milleri is an unofficial name applied to a group of basically similar viridans streptococci species[1] showing various hemolytic, serological, and physiological characteristics. The species name Streptococcus anginosus has recently been recognized as the approved name for these organisms. They have been implicated as etiologic agents in a variety of serious purulent infections, but because of their heterogeneous characteristics, these organisms may be unrecognized or misidentified by clinical laboratorians.[2] The unique characteristic of them from other pathogenic streptococci, such as S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae, is their ability to cause abscesses.[3][4]
Members include:[2]
- Streptococcus anginosus
- Streptococcus constellatus
- S. constellatus subsp. constellatus
- S. constellatus subsp. pharyngis
- Streptococcus intermedius
These non-hemolytic viridans streptococci were first described by Guthof in 1956 after being isolated from dental abscesses. He named these organisms "Streptococcus milleri" in honor of the microbiologist W. D. Miller.[5][6] Ehy UOu Pnis
The organisms were subsequently recognized as normal flora of the human oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract with the ability to cause abscesses and systemic infections.[7]
- ^ Streptococcus milleri group at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ a b Ruoff, K L (Jan 1988). "Streptococcus anginosus ("Streptococcus milleri"): the unrecognized pathogen". Clinical Microbiology Reviews 1 (1): 102–108. doi:10.1128/CMR.1.1.102. PMC 358032. PMID 3060239.
- ^ Gossling, J (Mar–Apr 1988). "Occurrence and pathogenicity of the Streptococcus milleri group". Reviews of infectious diseases 10 (2): 257–85. doi:10.1093/clinids/10.2.257. PMID 3287560.
- ^ Rashid, R. M.; Salah, W.; Parada, J. P. (1 February 2007). "'Streptococcus milleri' aortic valve endocarditis and hepatic abscess". Journal of Medical Microbiology 56 (2): 280–282. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46781-0.
- ^ Whiley, RA; Beighton, D (January 1991). "Emended descriptions and recognition of Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus intermedius, and Streptococcus anginosus as distinct species". International journal of systematic bacteriology 41 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1099/00207713-41-1-1. PMID 1995029.
- ^ Verrall, R (November 1986). "The Streptococcus milleri group". Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 7 (11): 558–60. JSTOR 30146431. PMID 3640746.
- ^ Mejàre, B; Edwardsson, S (November 1975). "Streptococcus milleri (Guthof); an indigenous organism of the human oral cavity". Archives of oral biology 20 (11): 757–62. doi:10.1016/0003-9969(75)90048-5. PMID 1061530.
This bacteria-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Streptococcus mitis
Streptococcus mitis is a mesophilic alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the human mouth. It is a Gram positive, coccus, facultative anaerobe and catalase negative. It can cause endocarditis.[1] It has been widely reported that this organism survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the moon; but some NASA scientists suggest this may be a result of contamination during or after return of Surveyor parts to Earth, as the person assembling the camera may have sneezed.[2]
Previously known as Streptococcus mitior.
See also[edit]
- ^ Lamas, C. C.; Eykyn, S. J. (2003). "Blood culture negative endocarditis: Analysis of 63 cases presenting over 25 years". Heart (British Cardiac Society) 89 (3): 258–262. doi:10.1136/heart.89.3.258. PMC 1767579. PMID 12591823..
- ^ http://lsda.jsc.nasa.gov/scripts/experiment/exper.cfm?exp_index=1651. NASA


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Posts Tagged 'peaches'
Eat What You Sow: Canning Peach Berry Marmalade
In the time between my last post and today, summer has come to the Bay Area, I have begun my search for a HOUSE (!), and I've discovered canning.
Summer: It's gorgeous and warm, I wake up to sun instead of fog, and the bells peppers are ripening red. Unfortunately, it also means strawberry leaves and soy bean pods have burned and all the plants dry out too quickly to keep up! The corn is almost ready though…
HOUSE: Somewhere in Oakland is a potential urban farm with my name on it. Gardening space is a must. Twenty foot setbacks for a possible (legal) chicken coop is a plus. Wood floors, gas stove, bathtub, etc. are icing. Oh, and the neighborhood can't be too rough. Gotta think about that in Oakland — though the first few pages of Novella Carpenter's Farm City have me thinking I could maybe trade security for the space for bees, chickens, and a 300 pound pig. Maybe.
Canning: Ah, yes, the real subject of today's post. I have discovered canning.
I hate to credit a big box store, but… thank you, Albany, CA, Target for putting canning supplies on an end cap, including mason jars, a set of blue plastic canning tools, and a little basket to turn any old (deep) pot into a canner.
The first weekend of canning, I made spaghetti sauce — a LONG process that ended with just 3 jars of sauce. And I spent so much time squeezing 10 pounds of fresh tomatoes that I didn't get any photos, either. The juice did yield a pretty awesome batch of gazpacho though, so not all was lost.
The second weekend was far more successful — I picked raspberries from the garden, found heaps of wild blackberries along an Oakland hills road, sliced up a lemon from an acquaintance's Vallejo yard, and bought 3 pounds of peaches from the farmers market. A dishwasher load of mason jars and a couple hours of slicing, stirring, boiling, and pouring later, I have 5 jars of the best goshdarn jam I've ever tasted!
Peach Berry Marmalade
3 pounds firm, ripe peaches
1 small lemon
1 quart fresh raspberries
2 quarts fresh blackberries
5 cups sugar
1 packet pectin
Blanch and peel the peaches. To do this, put the peaches into a large pot of boiling water for about one minute each, then transfer them to a bowl full of ice water (to stop the cooking process). This makes the fruit wicked easy to peel!
Pit the peaches and chop them up into small pieces — whatever size you want in your jam. I chopped mine pretty finely. Put the chopped peaches in a large pot with all the berries.
Squeeze the lemon, mix the juice (should be about a quarter cup) in with the peaches and berries , then cut the lemon peel into quarters. Slice each quarter into VERY thin pieces (Think marmalade. Those guys gotta be skinny!). Put the slices and a quarter cup of water into a small saucepan, and simmer for about 20 minutes to soften the lemon peel.
Add the lemon peel mixture, 5 cups of sugar, and the pectin to the pot of peaches and berries. Stir, and heat to a boil (this will take a bit of time).
In the meantime, sterilize your jars — if you time it right, you can run them through the dishwasher so they're clean and warm when you're ready to fill them with hot jam. Otherwise, boil them, using tongs to pull them out hot.
After the jam mixture has come to a boil, pour it immediately into your warm jars, and cover each with a sterilized lid and ring (make sure there's no jam on the jar's lip, or you won't get a good seal). You don't need to put the ring on really tightly — you want to be able to get at your jam later!
A minute or two after you lid the jars and they've started to cool, you'll hear a pop as the lid seals (remember high school physics class? As the jam cools, the air inside shrinks, popping the lid down!! Cool!!). I can tell you from experience — this is the most satisfying part of the process!! (Other than eating the jam, of course.) If it pops down, ya done good! If not… put your jam in the fridge and use it soon, since it's not totally protected from bacteria.
Let the jars cool — overnight is a good time frame — then pop them in the cupboard or fridge and enjoy! You may need a bottle opener to pop the lid off because of the seal — the dent it makes is also a good reminder later to never use the same lid twice to can!
OK, I have to add another more thing — one potential use for the jam. Sure, use it on toast or smeared over peanut butter. I've enjoyed it in plain yogurt as well — but the following recipe takes the cake.
Jam and Ginger Pork or Chicken
2 servings of Pork or Chicken (adjust accordingly)
3 tablespoons jam or fruit (fresh chopped apricots, plums, peaches, etc. are also yummy — add a little sugar to bring the juices out of the fruit).
1 teaspoon ginger (nutmeg makes a great alternative if you use a purely berry jam, but the ginger is awesome with the peach and raspberry)
Splash red wine vinegar ( 1-2 tablespoons)
In a skillet, cook the pork or chicken in your fat of choice (I prefer butter or olive oil) for about 4 minutes on each side. Meanwhile, mix the jam, ginger, and red wine vinegar in a small bowl.
After the meat has cooked on each side, pour the fruit mixture over it in the pan, cover, and simmer for 8 minutes.
Remove the meat from the pan — you can either pour the fruit over it as a juicy sauce, or reduce it for a few more minutes for a thicker sauce. Both ways are excellent!


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General C.C. Andrews State Forest
- Willow River, MN | Get Directions
- Phone: 218-485-5410
- Visit Website
Add to my trip
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Year-RoundThis state forest is named after General Christopher Columbus Andrews, a Civil War general and Minnesota's first chief fire warden. Jack and red pine cover most of this forest, alongside stands of birch, aspen, and oak. These gently rolling trails provide an easy ride on fairly level, sandy soil. Recreational facilities include the Willow River Campground and public water accesses.
Trail length: 39.2
Difficulty: easiest


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greetingz everybody :D :D :D
thanx for visiting my page and all that good stuff
if you wanna know anything about me just ask! i dont bite.....much ;)
i will telll u i am kinda shy at first but when we get to know each other then i will really be a big goof ball and probably make u wonder why you and i r friends :)
i shall tell u some things about me that people usuually dont ask meh ;)
i have many nicknames that people give me. some dont even go with my…
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Available for around £140, the Nvidia GeForce 3D Vision Kit brings a unique 3D video game experience to your computer. The visual effect it produces in games is a fun gimmick, but, in some cases, the 3D effect is more distracting than entertaining. We wouldn't recommend the kit to hard-core gamers who value playability above all, but casual gamers may want to try it, provided they can swallow the relatively high price. When it works, the kit's 3D effect is very convincing. For us though, it just didn't work consistently enough to justify its price or warrant a stronger recommendation.
The Vision Kit comes with Nvidia's stereoscopic 3D glasses, a pyramid-shaped infrared emitter, two USB cables, a DVI-to-HDMI cable, a quick-start guide, a VESA three-pin stereo cable, two extra nose pieces, a storage pouch, a cleaning cloth, software and drivers, and a demo disc.
The glasses look like the kind of sunglasses you'd find on someone who doesn't pay much attention to the latest fashion trends. The frame of the glasses is a glossy black that, like the lenses, retains fingerprints very easily. The glasses fit comfortably on an average-sized head. With prescription glasses on, the Vision Kit glasses are slightly less comfortable, as they put downward pressure on the nose. Switching to a different nose piece may reduce the pressure.
On the right arm of the glasses, about halfway between the lens and the tip, is the USB port used to charge them. On the top side of the left arm are an LED and a power button. The LED indicates how much power is left in the glasses -- it glows green when there's enough juice to function, red when the battery is running low, and clear when the battery's dead. At full charge, the glasses should work for several hours.
The IR emitter's base measures about 51 by 51mm. It's meant to be placed on or near your computer monitor. On the front of the emitter is the power button, illuminated by a backlit green LED. On the back is a USB port for connecting it to a computer and a VESA stereo input for connecting to DLP high-definition televisions.
The Vision Kit requires Windows Vista and a Nvidia GeForce 8800, 9600 or later card, or a GeForce GTX 200 series card. You can check out the full requirements on the Nvidia Web site. The Web site also offers a free test so that you can determine if your set-up is 3D-ready. Currently, there are only two LCD computer monitors available that are compatible with the kit: the ViewSonic FuHzion VX2265wm and the Samsung SyncMaster 2233RZ.
The software set-up wizard performs a few eye tests to determine if your hardware set-up is compatible and that you have the correct drivers installed. After about 5 minutes -- if you pass the tests-- you're good to go.
When playing a Vision Kit-compatible game with the glasses on, 2D screens take on a subtle perceived depth. For example, when playing Unreal Tournament 3, your map and menu items look as though they are stickers, stuck to the screen, and the rest of the graphics -- characters, vehicles and so on -- look much further away.


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Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Anti-Aggregation Effect of Ibuprofen Biophysical Journal, Volume 98, Issue 11, 2 June 2010, Pages 2662-2670 Wenling E. Chang, Takako Takeda, E. Prabhu Raman and Dmitri K. Klimov Abstract Using implicit solvent molecular dynamics and replica exchange simulations, we study the impact of ibuprofen on the growth of wild-type Aβ fibrils. We show that binding of ibuprofen to Aβ destabilizes the interactions between incoming peptides and the fibril. As a result, ibuprofen interference modifies the free energy landscape of fibril growth and reduces the free energy gain of Aβ peptide binding to the fibril by ≃2.5 RT at 360 K. Furthermore, ibuprofen interactions shift the thermodynamic equilibrium from fibril-like locked states to disordered docked states. Ibuprofen's anti-aggregation effect is explained by its competition with incoming Aβ peptides for the same binding site located on the fibril edge. Although ibuprofen impedes fibril growth, it does not significantly change the mechanism of fibril elongation or the structure of Aβ peptides bound to the fibril. Abstract | Full Text | PDF (659 kb) |
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ibuprofen Binding to Aβ Peptides Biophysical Journal, Volume 97, Issue 7, 7 October 2009, Pages 2070-2079 E. Prabhu Raman, Takako Takeda and Dmitri K. Klimov Abstract Using replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations and the implicit solvent model we probed binding of ibuprofen to Aβ10–40 monomers and amyloid fibrils. We found that the concave (CV) fibril edge has significantly higher binding affinity for ibuprofen than the convex edge. Furthermore, binding of ibuprofen to Aβ monomers, as compared to fibrils, results in a smaller free energy gain. The difference in binding free energies is likely to be related to the presence of the groove on the CV fibril edge, in which ibuprofen tends to accumulate. The confinement effect of the groove promotes the formation of large low-energy ibuprofen clusters, which rarely occur on the surface of Aβ monomers. These observations led us to suggest that the ibuprofen binding mechanism for Aβ fibrils is different from that for monomers. In general, ibuprofen shows a preference to bind to those regions of Aβ monomers (amino terminal) and fibrils (the CV edge) that are also the primary aggregation interfaces. Based on our findings and on available experimental data, we propose a rationale for the ibuprofen antiaggregation effect. Abstract | Full Text | PDF (580 kb) |
Lateral Diffusion Rates of Lipid, Water, and a Hydrophobic Drug in a Multilamellar Liposome Biophysical Journal, Volume 85, Issue 3, 1 September 2003, Pages 1734-1740 Holly C. Gaede and Klaus Gawrisch Abstract The lateral diffusion constants of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3 phosphocholine (POPC), water, and ibuprofen were measured in multilamellar liposomes using pulsed field gradient magic-angle spinning (PFG-MAS) 1H NMR. The analysis of diffusion data obtained in powder samples and a method for liposome curvature correction are presented. At 322K POPC has a diffusion constant of (8.6±0.2)×10−12 m2/s when dehydrated (8.2 waters/lipid) and (1.9±0.1)×10−11 m2/s in excess water. The diffusion constant of water in dehydrated POPC was found to be (4.7±0.1)×10−10 m2/s. The radius of curvature is 21±2μm for the dehydrated sample and 4.5±0.5μm for POPC sample containing excess water. The activation energies of diffusion are 40.6±0.4 kJ/mole for dehydrated POPC, 30.7±0.9 kJ/mole for POPC with excess water, and 28.6±1.5 kJ/mole for water in dehydrated POPC. The diffusion constants and activation energies for a sample of POPC/ibuprofen/water (1:0.56:15) were also measured. The ibuprofen, which locates in the lipid-water interface, diffuses faster than POPC but has a slightly higher activation energy of lateral diffusion. Within certain restrictions, PFG-MAS NMR provides a useful method for characterizing membrane organization and mobility. Abstract | Full Text | PDF (139 kb) |
Copyright © 2012 Biophysical Society All rights reserved.
Biophysical Journal, Volume 103, Issue 11, 2341-2351, 5 December 2012
Christopher Lockhart and Dmitri K. Klimov,
School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
All-atom explicit solvent model and replica exchange molecular dynamics were used to investigate binding of Alzheimer's biomarker FDDNP to the Aβ10–40 monomer. At low and high concentrations, FDDNP binds with high affinity to two sites in the Aβ10–40 monomer located near the central hydrophobic cluster and in the C-terminal. Analysis of ligand- Aβ10–40 interactions at both concentrations identifies hydrophobic effect as a main binding factor. However, with the increase in ligand concentration the interactions between FDDNP molecules also become important due to strong FDDNP self-aggregation propensity and few specific binding locations. As a result, FDDNP ligands partially penetrate the core of the Aβ10–40 monomer, forming large self-aggregated clusters. Ligand self-aggregation does not affect hydrophobic interactions as a main binding factor or the location of binding sites in Aβ10–40. Using the Aβ10–40 conformational ensemble in ligand-free water as reference, we show that FDDNP induces minor changes in the Aβ10–40 secondary structure at two ligand concentrations studied. At the same time, FDDNP significantly alters the peptide tertiary fold in a concentration-dependent manner by redistributing long-range, side-chain interactions. We argue that because FDDNP does not change Aβ10–40 secondary structure, its antiaggregation effect is likely to be weak. Our study raises the possibility that FDDNP may serve as a biomarker of not only Aβ fibril species, but of monomers as well.


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does the art by passed men can be the forever ones?
does the art by passed men can be the forever ones?
i'm hoping that this thread will live nearly forever.
March 3- 16 - SXSW
March 15 - Deafheaven
March 24 - Tool
March 25 - Tool
April 11-13 - Coachella
April 22 - Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial
April 24 - Godflesh
April 26 - Cloud Nothings
May 1 - Ghost
May 2-4 - Austin Psych Fest
June 6-8 - X Games Concerts
June 12-14 - Sónar Barcelona
It might hurt to pass art.
non sunt in coeli, quia fvccant vvivys of heli
We need to go back in time and rip quality copies of that before sending them all out. I bet back then iTunes only imported at something like 0.32 kbps. There's going to be some pissed off martian audiophiles when they put that thing on their stereo at home and sit down with some quality headphones.


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Free Shipping on all orders over $49.
Limited Time Only. Minimum merchandise total to qualify for the offer must be met. The minimum merchandise total that must be met for Shipping Promotions is calculated after any discount coupons that have been applied and does not include shipping, handling, taxes or duty charges. Order total must meet minimum threshold of $49. Not valid for prior purchases. Shipping will be reflected on the Checkout or Shopping Cart page. Overweight shipping charges apply and will appear at checkout. Overweight items include kayaks/boats, treadmills, elliptical machines, weight sets/plates, basketball courts, trampolines and other similar overweight items. Alaska/Hawaii surcharges apply and will appear at checkout. No cash or credit back. We reserve the right to cancel any order due to unauthorized, altered or ineligible use of discount. All promotional dates & times are subject to change without notice.
Arrive with the real party when you bring the Coleman® 70 Quart Xtreme® 5 Cooler with you to your next get-together. Extra ThermOZONE™ Insulation retains ice for five days in temperatures up to 90° F, and still performs incredibly well in even hotter temperatures. It's also environmentally friendly, with absolutely no potential to deplete the ozone. Inside, there is plenty of room for all your food and drinks, including 100 cans—more than four cases of soda. A hinged lid with four cup holders on top keeps your drinks close. The drain is also rustproof and leak resistant—extending the life of your cooler.
Item No. 3146331


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Lilith Wall Sconce
Designed by Studio Alteam read more...
Lilith P wall features a cotton thread shade with a satin-finished glass top and white lacquered metal finish. Available in white, black, red, silver and mocha cotton shades. Also available in a multi-tier suspension, ceiling, various sized suspension and table versions. Three 40 watt, 120 volt, E12, G16.5 incandescent lamps included. Made in Italy. 14.125W X 7.5H X 5.125L.
Dimensions: 7.5"H x 14.125"W x 5.125"D |
Lamp Source: Incandescent |
Bulb: 3 x G16.5/Candelabra (E12)/40W/120V Incandescent Bulb not included |
Dimmer: Incandescent |
About Alt Lucialternative
Alt Lucialternative means experimental research into colors and materials that is expressed in highly distinctive and eccentric lighting products. Cutting edge lamps with a young, sophisticated design interpreted in a seductive and passionate way by international designers, with unusual combinations and features of glass and other modern materials.


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"UNSTRING" contained both DBCS and non-DBCS items. My program is returning this compilation error. What is the solution. Please help. Tried many ways but didnt work.
Last updated:


text: may Heavy eyeliner CAN work in the summer! The temperatures are rising rapidly across the country, leading many ladies to ditch the heavy, fussy makeup palettes in favor of simpler looks. However, if you love your liner, there is no need to skimp on it this summer. Here are three ways to make eyeliner work all the way through the dog days of summer. Keep it simple If you must wear heavy black liner, make sure that's the only "statement" makeup you have on. You may want to keep the rest of your eyeshadow palette minimal by using light, summery shades like champagne and apricot to help your peepers pop. Use the lighter, more neutral shades on your lip palette, too. Of course, make sure your eyeliner is waterproof and smudge-proof so it lasts through summer sweat. Switch up the color Do you wear heavy black eyeliner all winter long? Just like you shed your heavy coats and sweaters for light, breezy clothes in the summer, consider swapping out your favorite black liner with a colored one. Navy blue is a fun twist on dark liner without being too bold, but you might also want to take the summer months as an opportunity to try bright hues, too. Try sweeping a turquoise or lavender liner over your upper lid and giving your lashes a coat of mascara. Keep your blush and bronzer minimal with this look. Lighten it up While black liquid liner can work in the summer, your makeup palette might look lighter and more carefree if you opt for lighter shades. Line your upper lashes with a bronze or light brown pencil, then wear a pearly white eyeliner on the bottom lash line. This combination will open up your eyes and make you look more awake. Bonus: it looks great on a tan! Celebrity Eye Makeup News & Tips ›››Hot Lip Color Trends ›››Face Makeup Tricks & How-To's ›››Must-Have Makeup Brushes ›››All About Beauty Essentials ›››Eyes ›››Face ›››Beauty Tips ›››Makeup Tutorials ›››Blog ›››Lips ›››Products ››› Mischa Barton is white hot›››Kate Bosworth does dark cosmetics right›››Old Hollywood glamour wins at Met Gala›››Christina Ricci works avant-garde at Met Gala››› |


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Complete Lies In A Review, Untrue Reviews |
Complete Lies In A Review, Untrue Reviews |
zavsgran |
Sep 28 2012, 03:17 PM
Newbie Group: Members Posts: 6 Joined: 30-May 08 Member No.: 21771 |
What if a guest reviews your park with a bunch of complete lies, how are we to defend ourselves, especially when these lies are slanderous & defaming?
I would love to start a website that reviews guests, I wonder how they would like to be slandered & defamed. |
tbax46 |
Nov 27 2012, 04:19 PM
Newbie Group: Members Posts: 2 Joined: 11-June 04 Member No.: 657 |
Like most have said: read other reviews . I also look at what they used to downgrade. If it's just the fact that their puppy got stickers in his coat or something like that, I take it with a grain of salt. If they don't like something that doesn't concern me, I go ahead and use the park. Most time these reviews will be preceeded or followed by other people who loved the place.