text:
Fitness Services
- Walk-in Services
Blood Pressure
Body Composition
Circumference Measures
Height & Weight - Fitness Assessment Services
Basic Fitness Assessment - Exercise Prescription Services
Weight Training Orientation
Kick Start Program
Total Fitness Package
Fitness Center Orientation - Personal Training
Individual Training
Buddy Training - Instructional Programs
Group X
- Group X
Group Fitness Schedule
Trainings & Certifications
Massage Therapy
- Massage Services
Swedish Massage
Deep Tissue Massage
Hot Stone Massage
Myofascial Release
Chair Massages
Appointment Procedures
Hours of Operation:
Spring Term: 1/27-5/9
Monday - Thursday
8:00am -5:30pm
8:00am - 5:00pm
Contact Information:
1906 College Heights Blvd #11097
Western Kentucky University
Bowling Green, KY 42101
o: (270) 745-6531
f: (270)745-6534
e: firstname.lastname@example.com
Time: 8:00am - 4:30pm
Location: Health & Fitness Lab, Preston Center Rm. 20A
NEW YEAR, NEW YOU FITNESS PACKAGE (January 7th – May 3rd 2013)
A program that will help you stick with your health and fitness resolutions all semester long!! So don't sit back, sign up today and begin your journey to a NEW-healthy-more fit-YOU! Make 2013 your best year ever!
Sign-ups: Monday, December 10th, 2012 – Friday, February 1st, 2013
*Early Sign-ups: Sign-up between December 10-14 and get $5 off!*
How to sign up?
- Visit the Health & Fitness Lab, Preston Center, Room 20A
- Fill out the initial paperwork (Physical Activity Questionnaire) and pay the fee
- Schedule the first appointment
For more information call 270-745-6531!
Students $30 ** Faculty/Staff $40 ** Community $50
"Buddy" rates: Students $25 ** Faculty/Staff $35 ** Community $45
Workout with a friend! Follow the same exercise routine! Have fun!! "Buddy sessions" = Sessions 2-6; Session 1 & 7 will be done individually.
Receive WellU® credit for participating! You must complete at least 5 sessions to receive credit.
Non-Preston Center Member Policies:
You will receive permission to visit the Health & Fitness Lab in the Preston Center for the 7 sessions of the program ONLY. You will have to show an ID to enter the Preston Center. You will not be allowed to use the Preston Center during other times unless you purchase a Preston Center membership. You will receive a home exercise program.
New Year, New You Fitness Package includes:
- Two basic fitness assessments
- Personal Wellness Profile (comprehensive health risk assessment)
- Information and guidance on how to set your goals.
- Evaluation and discussion of your achievements!
- Meeting with your trainer every two weeks!
- Weekly Weigh-ins
- Fitness Center Orientation (An introduction to your exercise program. You will receive a copy of your exercise program including a tracking sheet to monitor your progress.)
- Two consultation sessions (Track your progress; discuss your barriers; stay motivated)
- Two personal training sessions in the private personal training room
- T-shirt
- Certificate of Achievement
- Challenge: All sessions must be completed prior to May 3rd. Everyone who completes all sessions will be entered in the raffle to win a Swedish massage! Two winners will be drawn. Raffle will be held on Monday, May 6th.
* Approximately 2 weeks between each session (exception: session 1 & 2 scheduled back to back)
** Weekly weigh-in in the Health & Fitness Lab (No appointment required!)
HFL hours of operation:
1/2 – 1/18 Mon-Fri 8am-4:30pm
1/22-5/3 Mon-Thu 8am-5:30pm & Fri 8am-5pm


text:
Developer API - Introduction
To use the webcams.travel API you need a developer ID. Please signup for a developer ID if you do not already have one.
What does the API?
The webcams.travel API exposes a set of methods you can call to get a formatted response. The available methods allow you to e.g. retrieve the information about a specific webcam.Required parameters
Every API call has at least two required parameters and some optional parameters. All API calls require these parameters:Parameter | Description |
method | The name of the method to call. All available methods are listed on the API index page |
devid | Your developer ID. Please signup for a developer ID if you do not already have one. |
Parameter | Description |
format | This parameter is used to specify the response format. All available response formats are listed on the API index page. The default is XML. |
Error codes
Methods may return error due to wrong parameters or other circumstances. Common errors are listed on the API common error page. Individual errors are listed on the method's specification page.Back to the API index page

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Thursday, Dec. 2
Trimble County Hymn Sing will be at Bedford Baptist Church on Hwy 42E at 7 p.m. Everyone welcome.
Friday, Dec. 3
Thursday, Nov. 4
Trimble County Hymn Singis 7 p.m. at Mt. Carmel United Methodist Church on State Hwy. 1492. Everyone welcome.
Saturday, Nov. 6
Bedford Elementary School's Fall Festival is 11 a.m. to 9 p.m. at the school.
Toys for Tots Annual "Toy Run"starts from Sunset Grill in Warsaw with sign-in at 11 a.m. Ride starts at 12:30 p.m. Call Valerie McEntire at (859) 609-1458 for more information.
Monday, Nov. 8
Thursday, May 27 Commoditieswill be distributed from 2-4 p.m. at the Senior Citizen's Building at TC park. Weight Watchersoffers a one-day free registration from 5:30-7 p.m. at Bedford Springs church on Shepherd Lane. Bring a friend and benefit from the raffles, demos and more. Friday, May 28 Trimble County Public Libr
Wednesday, March 10 Family Community Pharmacy Program will screen potential clients from 9-11 a.m. at the Northern Ky. Community Action Center on Highland Ave. Call (502) 732-5253. Carrollton Rotary Club meets every Wednesday at noon at Butler Park lodge. Carroll County Public Library holds Wednesdays @ One, 1 p.m. AA Big Book study groups meets every Wednesday at 2 p.m. at Car
Wednesday, Oct. 14
Family Community Pharmacy Program will screen potential clients from 9-11 a.m. at the Northern Ky. Community Action Center, Highland Ave., Call (502) 732-5253.
Carrollton Rotary Club meets every Wednesday at noon at Butler Park lodge.
Carroll County Public Library holds Wednesdays @ One, 1 p.m., featuring Sarah Jane Lynch with her collection of antique dolls and doll quilts.
AA Big Book study group meets every Wednesday at 2 p.m. at Carrollton Christian Church, 310 Fifth St.
Wednesday, Oct. 7
Ghent Planning and Zoning Commission meets at 6 p.m. in Ghent City Hall.
Tuesday, Oct. 6 Bedford Rotary Club meets every Tuesday at noon at the Trimble County Public Library. Madison Pediatrics of KDH and Pathways Youth Shelter will present a special program to educate adults to prevent, recognize and react responsibly to child sexual abuse from 11 a.m.-2 p.m. or 5:30-8:30 p.m., cost $5 per person. Call Jill Turner at 812-265-0323 for register. Food
Wednesday, Sept. 30
Bingo every Wednesday night at the American Legion, Post No. 41 at 123 Fifth St. in Carrollton. Doors open at 6 p.m., Bingo starts at 7 p.m. All are welcome.
Thursday, Oct. 1
Wednesday, Sept. 23
Cartmell Elementary School Site Based Decision Making Council meets at 3:30 p.m. at the school.
Wednesday, Sept. 16
Thursday, Sept. 17
Carrollton Extension Homemakers meet at 10:30 a.m. at the Extension Building, 500 Floyd Drive.


text:
Oakland County Historical Resources [1], a full-text, searchable database
composed of a variety of digitized text and images of original documents, death notices, maps, and photos, etc. in various formats contributed or reviewed and approved by OCHR members. Each item is documented with the citation or source. The focus is on pre 1930's copyright free materials.
[1] http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mi/county/oakland1/
[2] http://www.btpl.org/sites/default/files/uploads/loginimg_0.gif


text:
McHenry murder conviction called 'justice' by victim's dad, 'travesty' by defendant's family
BY DAN ROZEK Staff Reporter April 2, 2013 1:16PM
Mario Casciaro | Sun-TImes Media file photo
Article Extras
Updated: May 4, 2013 6:26AM
Mario Casciaro's family erupted in tears and anger after Casciaro was convicted Tuesday of murdering missing McHenry County teenager Brian Carrick a decade ago. "How can they do this?" Casciaro's mother, Maria, asked aloud after jurors delivered the guilty verdict against her 29-year-old son, who lowered his head but otherwise sat calmly. "You're putting an innocent kid away," a relative yelled towards jurors as he stalked out of the Woodstock courtroom following the verdict, which came after seven hours of deliberations at the end of Casciaro's second trial for Carrick's death. Casciaro's older brother, Eugene, briefly exchanged angry words in the courtroom with lead prosecutor Michael Combs, then outside the courtroom blasted the conviction as "a travesty." Casciaro father, Jerry, grabbed his chest and collapsed in tears against a wall as he walked out following the guilty verdict. "He's innocent, he's a good boy," Casciaro said of his youngest son. Mario Casciaro, who had been free on bond, was taken into custody immediately after the guilty verdict. He faces a 20- to 60-year prison term when he is sentenced later this year for Carrick's baffling disappearance and presumed death. The 17-year-old Carrick vanished on Dec. 20, 2002 from the Johnsburg grocery store where he worked with Casciaro. His body has never been found, though spatters of his blood were discovered in a cooler, hallway and trash container at Val's Food's. Prosecutors contended during his trial that Casciaro orchestrated the teen's death because Carrick owed him a few hundred dollars for marijuana. Carrick's father, William, gasped as Casciaro was convicted, then embraced four of his 13 surviving children who were sitting with him in the courtroom. "Justice has been served," William Carrick said as he left the courtroom. Casciaro initially was charged in 2010 with murdering the younger Carrick, but his first trial in January 2012 ended with jurors unable to reach a verdict. Prosecutors during Casciaro's four day re-trial again relied largely on testimony from Casciaro's former friends, particularly convicted felon Shane Lamb. Lamb, who received immunity from prosecutors for testifying, said he and Casciaro went to "talk" to Carrick inside the grocery store to try to collect the cash Carrick owed Casciaro for marijuana. The hulking, 240-pound Lamb admitted losing his temper and punching Carrick until the teen collapsed, but insisted he doesn't know what happened after that because Casciaro quickly ordered him to leave. Defense attorney Brian Telander argued there's little evidence backing that claim and said Lamb's trial testimony about Carrick's disappearance contradicts other information he'd previously given. "He can't tell the truth about anything. His name should have been Pinocchio," Telander said of Lamb. Casciaro's relatives blasted prosecutors for relying on Lamb and two other men who testified Mario Casciaro had implicated himself in Carrick's disappearance. "Mario would never do this," Eugene Casciaro said, saying his brother and Carrick "were good friends." Prosecutors contended Casciaro caused Carrick's death by using Lamb to threaten the 135-pound teen over the money he owed Casciaro. "He introduces Shane Lamb into the equation. He's using him as a weapon," Combs said of Casciaro.


text:
Tuesday, March 11, 2014
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As Michael Morton walked out of a courthouse as a free man Tuesday, after spending almost 25 years in prison Tuesday, the power of DNA evidence is once again at the forefront for future cases.
"It's turned people's heads around. It's made believers out of non-believers. The problem is not every case can be solved by DNA," Innocence Project attorney Gerry Goldstein said.
Austin attorney Sam Bassett says the advancement of DNA testing is putting the criminal justice system in a new light.
"We're at a strange time in criminal justice because a lot of the technical advances and scientific advances that have been made to allow us to reexamine certain types of cases, and mistakes have been made in very serious cases," Bassett said.
Bassett spoke specifically about the Cameron Todd Willingham case, one that did not involve DNA evidence, but did involve the reluctance to reexamine the case based on new scientific evidence.
Willingham was executed in 2004 for starting a 1991 fire at his Corsicana home that killed his three daughters.
Bassett was the head of the Texas Forensic Science Commission set to hear a report critical of the arson ruling that led to Willingham's execution. Gov. Rick Perry replaced him with Williamson County District Attorney John Bradley, who then canceled the hearing.
"The reluctance to reexamine that doesn't make sense to me because the science is the science, and if we make improvements in the science, why not use what we've learned? And I just don't understand the attitude of not going back and looking at old evidence using new science," Bassett said.
In Michael Morton's case, for more than six years, his attorneys were seeking the DNA testing that eventually set him free, but DA Bradley blocked that testing.
"It's a problem. I don't know if it's a problem with the budgets. I don't know if it's a problem with the attitudes," Bassett said. "But it seems to me that if you have a chance that physical evidence could impact the review of an old case, you should do the testing expeditiously."
John Bradley told YNN by phone Tuesday that he couldn't comment on future allegations of other non-DNA evidence being withheld.
Bradley also said he was not the prosecutor at the time of this case in 1986.
Under Texas law, Morton could be eligible for a lump sum payment from the state of up to $2 million, and an additional annuity of up to another $2 million.
Before he's eligible, Morton must be acquitted in court, pardoned by the governor or the prosecutor must dismiss charges against him.


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Download url:
iphone version: LostPixels
ipad version: LostPixels HD
Good news! Good gift! For early Christmas gift, Lostpixels is free now! $.99 → FREE! And a big more news is LostPixels HD is also free for a limited time. Go get them and enjoy them! !
A fantastic 3D pixel puzzle game!!!
The 2D pixels are lost in a 3D space! Just touch and move them to recreate a whole image.
The game has 2 modes: FreeMode and TimeMode.
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More than 300 levels are waiting for you.
LostPixels is openfeint enabled.
Try it and compete with your friends!
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Quiksilver Get Rad Boardshort
Key Features
Flexible 4-way stretch fabric
Repels water for a quicker dry
Tie closure with Velcro fly
Lycra inside front rise
Our Price $49.50
Sale Price $34.65
Availability: Sold Out
- Please note: This item can only be shipped to U.S. addresses.
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Fox Tracer Boardshort
back to topProduct Description
Quiksilver Get Rad BoardshortMade of a flexible 4-way stretch fabric with 93% polyester, 7% spandex, the Get Rad Boardshort repels water for a quicker dry and lighter boardshort in the water. This Quiksilver Boardshort features classic tie closure with Velcro at the fly, stretch stitch at hems, lycra at inside front rise, and custom embroidery. 21" outseam.


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like us on facebook https://www.facebook.com/pages/Ashland-Arts-Alliance/605414276209859
Recent Meetups
February 6 · 6:00 PM
Gallery Flux 'Ashland First Thursday' Reception: Three Abstract VisionsBeginning at 6 pm, exhibiting artists, Amy Harris, Nol Putnam, and Paul Germain will begin demonstrating and discussing their tools and process. Come and ask questions... Learn more -
December 22, 2013 · 11:30 AM
Art Party!Let's get together before the holidays and get creative! This could be a time to charge up our batteries before the big holiday week. Making collaborative art with like... Learn more -
December 14, 2013 · 1:30 PM
Art Therapy and Stress Managementhttp://ellwoodthompsons.com/art-therapy-and-stress-management-relax-this-holiday-season-with-tea-journal-making/ Description: Create a journal for yourself or a loved... Learn more -
October 3, 2013 · 6:00 PM
First Thursday, Gallery FluxI'll be there with the "Namozine Limousine", the Something Wicked steam calliope/hearse combo. -
September 5, 2013 · 5:00 PM
Gallery Flux 'Art of the Horse' Opening ReceptionCome out to Gallery Flux and enjoy over 30 artists paintings and sculptures focused on the art of the Equine. Food and beverages will be provided along with great... Learn more


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Brach's Carrot Cake Candy Corn: 12-Ounce Bag
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Brach's Carrot Cake Candy Corn: 12-Ounce Bag
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In the Middle Ages, sweeteners were scarce and expensive, so anyone with a sweet tooth to satiate had to get pretty creative. Quick-thinking bakers stumbled upon the idea of using the carrot, a naturally sugar-rich and rather common vegetable, as an ingredient in their cakes, and the resulting desserts were -- let's face it -- probably the best food to which any medieval family had ever been exposed.
So what happens when you merge the timeless flavors of carrot cake with the classic form of candy corn? We'll tell you: Sweet, sweet, palate-pleasing magic! Complete with carroty shades of orange, white, and green, these tri-toned treats are stacked with the flavors of cream cheese, spice, and (of course) carrot. Nibble each piece separately if you're the sort of maverick who enjoys licking the frosting from cupcakes, or pop a couple in your mouth at once for a true carrot cake experience with a candy corn twist!
Bag contains 12 ounces of Brach's Carrot Cake Candy Corn.
Shipping Weight ~ 1 lb.
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468 Torture Test
Real Action Paintball is
proud to bring you the toughest marker in paintball: the new 468. We see
how hard elite military units train with our gear; we're there with you
at Oklahoma D-Day, Operation: End War, and at other dusty, rocky,
intense scenario games. We built the new 468 to handle that level of
training and playing, on those intense battlefields, with ease...and it
is not lightly that we claim the 468 as the toughest marker in
paintball. |


text:
Vascular and Hormonal Variants are Implicated in Migraine Susceptibility
There are no files associated with this record.
Title | Vascular and Hormonal Variants are Implicated in Migraine Susceptibility |
Author | Griffiths, Lyn; Lea, Rodney Arthur; Colson, Natalie Jane; Johnson, Matthew Peter; Curtain, Rob; Quinlan, Sharon Anne; MacMillan, J |
Publication Title | Conference program & Presentation Abstracts. 5th Human Genome Organization (HUGO) Pacific Meeting and 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Human Genetics |
Editor | Genome Institute of Singapore |
Year Published | 2004 |
Publisher | HUGO Pacific |
Peer Reviewed | No |
Published | Yes |
Publication Type | Conference Publications (Extract Paper) |
Please use this identifier to cite this record: http://hdl.handle.net/10072/9946
Griffith University copyright notice
Copyright in individual works within the repository belongs to their authors or publishers. You may make a print or digital copy of a work for your personal non-commercial use. All other rights are reserved, except for fair dealings or other user rights granted by the copyright laws of your country.


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Report this
Last message board post in: Star Trek: The Original Series in TOS Google Home Page!!!!!!!! on Sep. 21 2012, 9:02 am
Total Posts: 17
Last Comment: Why am I not allowed to watch it if im in the wrong region?! on Jun. 29 2012, 7:54 am
Favorite Movie: Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan
Favorite Series: Star Trek: The Original Series
Favorite Species: Klingon
Level of Fandom: I never miss an episode.
Home Page:
Signature: Spock: you can either agree with him or you can be wrong!


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love your blog - we are heading to NYC in September. Could you do some more posts on the best way to buy Broadway show tickets without ruining your holiday budget!!! there are four of us and we are from Australia - so you can imagine what we have already paid in airfares!!!
NYC Taught Me All rights reserved © Blog Milk Design Powered by Blogger


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Subtly striking, these drop earrings are crafted in sterling silver in a twist ribbon-inspired design.
The item you've selected is exceptional and deserves special attention. Please phone a diamond and jewelry expert and they will help you complete your order.
Subtly striking, these drop earrings are crafted in sterling silver in a twist ribbon-inspired design.
4.5 average customer rating from 21 reviews.
They are exactly what I wanted and what I was expecting.
Cynthia, Germantown, MD – June 2013
These earring are very cute for daily use for women. I gave them as a valentine's day present to my wife and she liked them a lot. I will keep buying from this site, I LOVE IT.
Marco, Reynosa, TX – February 2013
Really nice pair of earring that can best be described as simple elegance. Just the right length, nice swirl allows for reflection of light so they wink at others, and the wires allow them to be put on or removed quickly. My wife loved getting these and the matching necklace for Valentines day this year.
Keith, Greenfield, MA – February 2013
Note: Prices and availability are subject to change without notice. View our terms and conditions for more information.
*Orders to Alaska/Hawaii have an estimated delivery time of 3-7 days.


text:
University of Birmingham
University of Birmingham | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shield from the arms of the University of Birmingham
Motto | Latin: Per Ardua Ad Alta | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Motto in English | "Through efforts to high things"[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Established | 1900 – gained University Status by Royal Charter 1825 – Medical School |
Type | Public | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Endowment | £78.1 million[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chancellor | Sir Dominic Cadbury | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vice-Chancellor | David Eastwood | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Visitor | Her Majesty the Queen represented by the Lord President of the Council | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Students | 26,073 [3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Undergraduates | 17,355[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Postgraduates | 8,718[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Location | Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom 52°27′2″N 1°55′50″W / 52.45056°N 1.93056°WCoordinates: 52°27′2″N 1°55′50″W / 52.45056°N 1.93056°W |
Campus | Urban, Suburban | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colours |
The University College scarves
Affiliations | Russell Group Universitas 21 Universities UK EUA ACU |
Website | birmingham.ac.uk | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The University of Birmingham (informally Birmingham University)[4][5][6][7] is the original British red brick university located in the city of Birmingham, United Kingdom. It received its royal charter in 1900 as a successor to Birmingham Medical School (1825) and Mason Science College (1875).[8] Birmingham was the first red brick university to gain a charter and thus university status.[9] It is a founding member of both the Russell Group of British research universities and the international grouping of research universities, Universitas 21.
The student population includes around 17,000 undergraduate and 9,000 postgraduate students, making the 11th largest in the UK.[10] University of Birmingham was ranked 10th in the UK and 62nd in the world by QS World University Rankings in 2013.[11] The annual income of the institution for 2010–11 was £470.7 million, with an expenditure of £443.7 million.[12] The University was named University of the Year in 2013.
The University is home to the Barber Institute of Fine Arts, housing works by Van Gogh, Picasso and Monet, the Lapworth Museum of Geology, and the Joseph Chamberlain Memorial Clock Tower, which is a prominent landmark visible from many parts of the city.[13] Birmingham's sport activities have been consistently ranked within the top three in British Universities competitions for the past 15 years.[14] Alumni include former British Prime Ministers Neville Chamberlain and Stanley Baldwin, foreign heads of state and government, royalty, and eight Nobel laureates.
Birmingham Medical School[edit]
Although the earliest beginnings of the University were previously traced back to the Birmingham Medical School which is linked to William Sands Cox in his aim of creating a medical school along strictly Christian lines, unlike the London medical schools, further research has now revealed the roots of the Birmingham Medical School in the medical education seminars of Mr John Tomlinson the first surgeon to the Birmingham Workhouse Infirmary, and later to the General Hospital. These classes were the first ever held outside London or south of the Scottish border in the winter of 1767–68. The first clinical teaching was undertaken by medical and surgical apprentices at the General Hospital, opened in 1779.[15] The medical school which grew out of the Birmingham Workhouse Infirmary was founded in 1828 but Cox began teaching in December 1825. Queen Victoria granted her patronage to the Clinical Hospital in Birmingham and allowed it to be styled "The Queen's Hospital". It was the first provincial teaching hospital in England. In 1843, the medical college became known as Queen's College.[8]
Mason Science College[edit]
On 23 February 1875, Sir Josiah Mason, the Birmingham industrialist and philanthropist, who made his fortune in making key rings, pens, pen nibs and electroplating, founded Mason Science College. It was this institution that would eventually form the nucleus of the University of Birmingham. In 1882, the Departments of Chemistry, Botany and Physiology were transferred to Mason Science College, soon followed by the Departments of Physics and Comparative Anatomy. The transfer of the Medical School to Mason Science College gave considerable impetus to the growing importance of that college and in 1896 a move to incorporate it as a university college was made. As the result of the Mason University College Act 1897 it became incorporated as Mason University College on 1 January 1898, with Joseph Chamberlain becoming the President of its Court of Governors.
Royal Charter[edit]
It was largely due to Chamberlain's tireless enthusiasm that the university was granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria on 24 March 1900. The Calthorpe family offered twenty-five acres (10 hectares) of land on the Bournbrook side of their estate in July. The Court of Governors received the Birmingham University Act 1900, which put the Royal Charter into effect, on 31 May. Birmingham was therefore arguably the first so-called red brick university, although several other universities claim this title.
The transfer of Mason University College to the new University of Birmingham, with Chamberlain as its first Chancellor and Sir Oliver Lodge as the first Principal, was complete. All that remained of Josiah Mason's legacy was his Mermaid in the sinister chief of the university shield and of his college, the double-headed lion in the dexter.[16] It became the first civic and campus university in England. The University Charter of 1900 also included provision for a Faculty of Commerce, as was appropriate for a university itself founded by industrialists and based in a city with enormous business wealth, in effect creating the first Business School in England. Consequently, the faculty, the first of its kind in Britain, was founded by Sir William Ashley in 1901, who from 1902 until 1923 served as first Professor of Commerce and Dean of the Faculty. From 1905 to 1908, Edward Elgar held the position of Peyton Professor of Music at the university. He was succeeded by his friend Granville Bantock.[17] The heritage archives of the University of Birmingham are accessible for research through the University's Special Collections.
In 1939, the Barber Institute of Fine Arts, designed by Robert Atkinson, was opened. In 1956, the first MSc programme in Geotechnical Engineering commenced under the title of "Foundation Engineering", and has been run annually at the University of Birmingham since. It was the first geotechnical post-graduate school in England. The UK's longest-running MSc programme in Physics and Technology of Nuclear Reactors also started at the University of Birmingham in 1956, the same year that the world's first commercial nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria. In 1957, Sir Hugh Casson and Neville Conder were asked by the university to prepare a masterplan on the site of the original 1900 buildings which were incomplete. The university drafted in other architects to amend the masterplan produced by the group. During the 1960s, the university constructed numerous large buildings, expanding the campus.[18] In 1963, the University of Birmingham helped in the establishment of the faculty of medicine at the University of Rhodesia, now the University of Zimbabwe (UZ). UZ is now independent but both institutions maintain relations through student exchange programmes.
Birmingham also supported the creation of Keele (formerly University College of North Staffordshire) and Warwick Universities under the Vice-Chancellorship of Sir Robert Aitken who acted as 'godfather' to the University of Warwick.[19] The initial plan was to establish a satellite university college in Coventry but Aitken advised an independent initiative to the University Grants Committee.[20]
The university has been involved in many important inventions and developments in science. The cavity magnetron was developed at the university in the Physics Department by John Randall, Harry Boot and James Sayers. This was vital to the Allied victory in World War II. In 1940, the Frisch-Peierls memorandum, a document which demonstrated that the atomic bomb was more than simply theoretically possible, was written in the Physics Department. The university also hosted early work on Gaseous diffusion in the Chemistry department when it was located in the Hills building. Many windows in the Aston Webb building overlooking the former fume cupboards were opaque from being attacked by hydrofluoric acid well into recent years.
In 1943, Mark Oliphant made an early proposal for the construction of a proton-synchrotron, however he made no assurance that the machine would work. When phase stability was discovered in 1945, the proposal was resurrected and construction of a machine at the university that could surpass 1GeV. The university was aiming to construct the first machine to do this, however, funds were short and the machine did not start until 1953. They were beaten by the Brookhaven National Laboratory, who managed to start their Cosmotron in 1952, and get it fully working in 1953, before the University of Birmingham.[21]
Recent history[edit]
The final round of the first ever televised leaders' debates, hosted by the BBC, was held at the university during the 2010 British general election campaign on 29 April 2010.[22][23] It also acted as a training camp for the Jamaican track and field team prior to the 2012 London Olympics.[24]
On 9 August 2010 the University announced that for the first time it would not enter the UCAS clearing process for 2010 admission, which matches under-subscribed courses to students who did not meet their firm or insurance choices, due to all places being taken. Largely a result of the Financial crisis of 2007–2010, Birmingham joins fellow Russell Group universities including Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh and Bristol in not offering any clearing places.[25]
In 2012 the University announced plans to build a new sports centre and library.[26]
The discipline of cultural studies was founded at the University of Birmingham. Between 1991 and 2002, the campus was home to the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, a leading research centre whose members' work came to be known as the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies. Despite being established by one of the key figures in the field, Richard Hoggart, and being later directed by the renowned theorist Stuart Hall, the department was controversially closed down.[27]
Analysis showed that the University was fourth in a list of British universities that faced the most Employment Tribunal claims between 2008 and 2011. They were the second most likely to settle these before the hearing date.[28]
In 2011 a Parliamentary Early Day Motion was proposed arguing against the Guild suspending the elected Sabbatical Vice President (Education), who was arrested while taking part in protest activity.[29]
In December 2011 it was announced that the University had obtained a 12-month long injunction[30] against a group of around 25 students, who occupied a residential building on campus from the 23 to 26 November 2011, preventing them from engaging in further "occupational protest action" on the University's grounds without prior permission. It was misreported in the press that this injunction applied to all students, however the court order defines the defendants as:
Persons unknown (including students of the University of Birmingham) entering or remaining upon the buildings known as No. 2 Lodge Pritchatts Road, Birmingham at the University of Birmingham for the purpose of protest action (without the consent of the University of Birmingham) [31]
The University and the Guild of Students also clarified the scope of the injunction in an e-mail sent to all students on 11 January 2012, stating "The injunction applies only to those individuals who occupied the lodge".[32] The University claimed that it sought this injunction as a safety precaution based on a previous occupation.[33] Three separate human rights groups, including Amnesty International, condemned the move as restrictive on human rights.[34]
Edgbaston campus[edit]
The main campus of the university occupies a site some 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Birmingham city centre, in Edgbaston. It is arranged around Joseph Chamberlain Memorial Clock Tower (affectionately known as 'Old Joe'), a grand campanile which commemorates the university's first chancellor, Joseph Chamberlain. The university's Great Hall is located in the domed Aston Webb Building, which is named after one of the architects – the other was Ingress Bell. The initial 25-acre (100,000 m2) site was given to the university in 1900 by Lord Calthorpe. The grand buildings were an outcome of the £50,000 given by steel magnate and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie to establish a "first class modern scientific college"[35] on the model of Cornell University in the United States.[36] Funding was also provided by Sir Charles Holcroft.[37]
The original domed buildings, built in Accrington red brick, semicircle to form Chancellor's Court. This sits on a 30 feet (9.1 m) drop, so the architects placed their buildings on two tiers with a 16 feet (4.9 m) drop between them. The clock tower stands in the centre of the Court.
The campanile itself draws its inspiration from the Torre del Mangia, a medieval clock tower that forms part of the Town Hall in Siena, Italy.[38] When it was built, it was described as 'the intellectual beacon of the Midlands' by the Birmingham Post. The clock tower was Birmingham's tallest building from the date of its construction in 1908 until 1969; it is now the third highest in the city. It is one of the top 50 tallest buildings in the UK,[39] and the tallest free-standing clock tower in the world,[13] although there is some confusion about its actual height, with the university listing it both as 110 metres (361 ft)[40] and 325 feet (99 m) tall in different sources.[41]
The campus has a wide diversity in architectural types and architects. "What makes Birmingham so exceptional among the Red Brick universities is the deployment of so many other major Modernist practices: only Oxford and Cambridge boast greater selections".[42] The Guild of Students original section facing King Edward School was designed by Birmingham inter-war architect Holland Hobbiss who also designed the King Edward school opposite. It was described as "Redbrick Tudorish" by Nikolaus Pevsner.[43]
The statue on horseback fronting the entrance to the university and Barber Institute of Fine Arts is a 1722 statue of George I rescued from Dublin in 1937. This was saved by Bodkin, a director of the National Gallery of Ireland and first director of the Barber Institute. The statue was commissioned by the Dublin Corporation from the Flemish sculptor John van Nost.[44]
Final negotiations for part of what is now the Vale were only completed in March 1947. By then, properties which would have their names used for halls of residences such as Wyddrington and Maple Bank were under discussion and more land was obtained from the Calthorpe estate in 1948 and 1949 providing the setting for the Vale.[45] Construction on the Vale started in 1962 with the creation of a 3-acre (12,000 m2) artificial lake and the building of Ridge, High, Wyddrington and Lake Halls. The first, Ridge Hall, opened for 139 women in January 1964, with its counterpart High Hall (now Chamberlain Hall) admitting its first male residents the following October.[46]
1960s and modern expansion[edit]
The university underwent a major expansion in the 1960s due to the production of a masterplan by Casson, Conder and Partners. The first of the major buildings to be constructed to a design by the firm was the Refectory and Staff House which was built in 1961 and 1962. The two buildings are connected by a bridge. The next major buildings to be constructed were the Wyddrington and Lake Halls and the Faculty of Commerce and Social Science, all completed in 1965. The Wyddrington and Lake Halls, on Edgbaston Park Road, were designed by H. T. Cadbury-Brown and contained three floors of student dwellings above a single floor of communal facilities.
The Faculty of Commerce and Social Science, now known as the Ashley Building, was designed by Howell, Killick, Partridge and Amis and is a long, curving two-storey block linked to a five-storey whorl. The two-storey block follows the curve of the road, and has load-bearing brick cross walls. It is faced in specially-made concrete blocks. The spiral is faced with faceted pre-cast concrete cladding panels.[18] It was statutorily listed in 1993[47] and a refurbishment by Berman Guedes Stretton was completed in 2006.[48]
Chamberlain, Powell and Bon were commissioned to design the Physical Education Centre which was built in 1966. The main characteristic of the building is the roof of the changing rooms and small gymnasium which has hyperbolic paraboloid roof light shells and is completely paved in quarry tiles. The roof of the sports hall consists of eight conoidal 2½-inch think sprayed concrete shells springing from 80-foot (24 m) long pre-stressed valley beams. On the south elevation, the roof is supported on raking pre-cast columns and reversed shells form a cantilevered canopy.
Also completed in 1966 was the Mining and Minerals Engineering and Physical Metallurgy Departments, which was designed by Philip Dowson of Arup Associates. This complex consisted of four similar three-storey blocks linked at the corners. The frame is of pre-cast reinforced concrete with columns in groups of four and the whole is planned as a tartan grid, allowing services to be carried vertically and horizontally so that at no point in a room are services more than ten feet away. The building received the 1966 RIBA Architecture Award for the West Midlands.[18] It was statutorily listed in 1993.[47] Taking the full five years from 1962 to 1967, Birmingham erected twelve buildings which each cost in excess of a quarter of a million pounds.[49]
In 1967 Lucas House, a new hall of residence designed by The John Madin Design Group, was completed, providing 150 study bedrooms. It was constructed in the garden of a large house. The Medical School was extended in 1967 to a design by Leonard J. Multon and Partners. The two-storey building was part of a complex which covers the southside of Metchley Fort, a Roman fort. In 1968, the Institute for Education in the Department for Education was opened. This was another Casson, Conder and Partners-designed building. The complex consisted of a group of buildings centred around an eight-storey block, containing study offices, laboratories and teaching rooms. The building has a reinforced concrete frame which is exposed internally and the external walls are of silver-grey rustic bricks. The roofs of the lecture halls, penthouse and Child Study wing are covered in copper.[18]
Arup Associates returned in the 1960s to design the Arts and Commerce Building, better known as Muirhead Tower and houses the Institute of Local Government Studies. This was completed in 1969.[18] A £42 million refurbishment of the 16-storey tower was completed in 2009 and it now houses the Colleges of Social Sciences and the [2] Cadbury Research Library, the new home for the University's Special Collections. The podium was remodelled around the existing Allardyce Nicol studio theatre, providing additional rehearsal spaces and changing and technical facilities. The ground floor lobby now incorporates a Starbucks coffee shop.[50] The name, Muirhead Tower, came from that of the first philosophy professor of the University John Henry Muirhead.[50][51][52]
Recently completed is a 450-seat concert hall, called the Bramall Music Building, which completes the redbrick semicircle of the Aston Webb building designed by Glenn Howells Architects with venue design by Acoustic Dimensions. This auditorium, with its associated research, teaching and rehearsal facilities, houses the Department of Music. The 450-seat auditorium is the most flexible performance space at a UK university - suitable for performances from solo voice, early music, to a full symphony orchestra. When not used for music, it is a high profile location for drama and dance performance and for prestigious lectures.[53] In August 2011 the University announced that architects Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands and S&P were appointed to develop a new Indoor Sports Centre as part of a £175 million investment in the campus.[54]
Other features[edit]
In 1978, University station, on the Cross-City Line, was opened to serve the university and its hospital. It is the only university campus in mainland Britain with its own railway station.
Located within the Edgbaston site of the university is the Winterbourne Botanic Garden, a 24,000 square metre (258,000 square foot) Edwardian Arts and Crafts style garden. There has been much recent development on the western part of the campus. There are new academic buildings, including a learning resource centre and Computer Science department. The massive statue in the foreground was a gift to the University by its sculptor Sir Edward Paolozzi – the sculpture is named 'Faraday', and has an excerpt from the poem 'The Dry Salvages' by T. S. Eliot around its base.
The University of Birmingham operates the Lapworth Museum of Geology in the Aston Webb Building in Edgbaston. It is named after Charles Lapworth, a geologist who worked at Mason Science College. Since November 2007, the university has been holding a farmers' market on the campus.[55] Birmingham is the first university in the country to have an accredited farmers' market.[56]
The considerable extent of the estate meant that by the end of the 1990s it was valued at £536 million.[16]
Selly Oak campus[edit]
The university's Selly Oak campus is a short distance to the south of the main campus. It was the home of a federation of nine higher education colleges, mainly focused on theology and education, which were integrated into the university for teaching in 1999. Among these was Westhill College (later the University of Birmingham, Westhill), which merged with the University's School of Education in 2001. The Selly Oak campus is now home to the Department of Drama Theatre Arts in the newly refurbished Old Library and George Cadbury Hall, 200 seat theatre.The UK daytime television show Doctors is filmed on this campus.[57] The University also has buildings at several other sites in the city.
Organisation and administration[edit]
Academic departments[edit]
Being a large university Birmingham has departments covering a wide range of subjects. On 1 August 2008, the university's system was restructured into five 'colleges', which are composed of numerous 'schools':
- Arts and Law[58] (English, Drama and American & Canadian Studies; History and Cultures; Languages, Cultures, Art History and Music; Birmingham Law School; Philosophy, Theology and Religion)
- Engineering and Physical Sciences (Chemistry; Chemical Engineering; Civil Engineering; Computer Science; Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanical Engineering; Metallurgy and Materials; Physics and Astronomy)
- Life and Environmental Sciences (Biosciences; Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences; Psychology; Sport and Exercise Sciences)
- Medical and Dental Sciences (Cancer Sciences; Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Dentistry; Health and Population Sciences; Immunity and Infection)
- Social Sciences (Birmingham Business School; Education; Government and Society; Social Policy)
- Liberal Arts and Sciences (The new BA/ BSc in Liberal Arts and Sciences)
The university is home to a number of internationally renowned research centres and schools, including the Birmingham Business School, the oldest business school in England (which is accredited by both AMBA and EQUIS), the University of Birmingham Medical School, which produces more medical doctors than any other university in Britain, the International Development Department, the Institute of Local Government Studies, the Centre of West African Studies, the European Research Institute, the Centre of Excellence for Research in Computational Intelligence and Applications and the Shakespeare Institute.
Off-campus establishments[edit]
A number of the university's centres, schools and institutes are located away from its two campuses in Edgbaston and Selly Oak:
- The School of Dentistry (the UK's oldest dental school), in Birmingham City Centre
- The Shakespeare Institute, in Stratford-upon-Avon
- The Ironbridge Institute, in Telford, which offers postgraduate and professional development courses in heritage
- The Raymond Priestley Centre, near Coniston in the Lake District, which is used for outdoor pursuits and field work
There is also a Masonic Lodge that has been associated with the University since 1938.[59]
University of Birmingham Observatory[edit]
In the early 1980s, The University of Birmingham constructed an observatory next to the university playing fields, approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) south of the Edgbaston campus. The site was chosen because the night sky was ~100 times darker than the skies above campus. First light was on 8 December 1982, and the observatory was officially opened by the Astronomer Royal, Francis Graham-Smith, on 13 June 1984.[60][61]
The observatory is used primarily for undergraduate teaching at the University of Birmingham. It has two main instruments, a 16" Cassegrain (working at f/19) and a 14" Meade LX200R (working at f/6.35). A third telescope is also present and is used exclusively for visual observations.[62] Undergraduates of the Physics & Astrophysics programmes use the observatory in their 2nd and 3rd years. In the 2nd year they use this for prime focus imaging (e.g. light curve of an eclipsing binary, orbit of a comet) and in the 3rd year they use it for spectral analysis of celestial bodies (e.g. the wind speed of a P-Cygni star, the distance to a nearby Seyfert galaxy).[63]
The original coat of arms was designed in 1900. It features a double headed lion (on the left) and a mermaid holding a mirror and comb (to the right). These symbols owe to the coat of arms of the institution's predecessor, Mason College.
In 2005 the university began rebranding itself. A simplified edition of the shield which had been introduced in the 1980s reverted to a detailed version based on how it appears on the university's original Royal Charter. After a research project into the image of the university, it was decided that a separate logo was required to redefine the institution as modern and contemporary. A new 'word marque', using the "U and B" letters and the Baskerville font (in honour of the Birmingham printer John Baskerville) is used as the primary logo when trying to attract both prospective investors and students. It is also found on campus vehicles. The traditional coat of arms, by contrast, appears on degree certificates and academic documents. The introduction of new signage throughout the campus, featuring the shield rather than the "U and B" logo, was completed at the end of 2006.
Libraries and collections[edit]
This section requires expansion. (September 2012) |
The university's Library Services department operates 10 libraries across the Edgbaston campus, Selly Oak campus, Birmingham City Centre and Stratford-upon-Avon.
The University of Birmingham's Special Collections contain a significant number of collections of rare books and manuscripts. Special Collections has a large number of pre-1850 books (the earliest being dated 1471) with approximately 3 million manuscripts.[64]
Special Collections also contains the Chamberlain collection of papers from Neville Chamberlain, Joseph Chamberlain and Austen Chamberlain, the Avon Papers belonging to Antony Eden with material on the Suez Crisis, the Cadbury Papers relating to the Cadbury firm from 1900 to 1960, the Mingana Collection of Middle Eastern Manuscripts of Alphonse Mingana, the Noël Coward Collection, the papers of Edward Elgar,[65] Oswald Mosley, and David Lodge, and the records of the English YMCA and of the Church Missionary Society.
University of Birmingham recently announced the new library that will be built in the Main Campus. A new library is needed to accommodate more resources for the students, as the Main Library approached its physical limits. However, there are no exact date for the construction or the opening[66]
The University of Birmingham's medical school is one of the largest in Europe with well over 450 medical students being trained in each of the clinical years and over 1,000 teaching, research, technical and administrative staff. The school has centres of excellence in cancer, pharmacy, immunology, cardiovascular disease, neuroscience and endocrinology and renowned nationally and internationally for its research and developments in these fields.[67] The medical school has close links with the NHS and works closely with 15 teaching hospitals and 50 primary care training practices in the West Midlands.
The University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust is the main teaching hospital in the West Midlands. It is very successful and has been given three stars for the past four consecutive years.[68] The trust also hosts the Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, based at Selly Oak Hospital, which provides medical support to military personnel such as military returned from fighting in the Iraq War.[69]
Rankings and reputation[edit]
Data from the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) placed the University amongst the twelve elite institutions who among them take more than half of the students with the highest A-level grades.[70]
In September 2013, the University was ranked 10th in the UK and 62nd best in the world by QS World University Rankings.[71] The university is ranked 13th in The Times 2013 Good University Guide [72] and 15th in The Guardian 2013 rankings.[73] It is rated 11th in the UK, 33rd in Europe and 99th best university in the world in the 2010 Academic Ranking of World Universities.[74]
Owing to Birmingham's role as a centre of light engineering, the University traditionally had a special focus on science, engineering and commerce, as well as coal mining. It now teaches a full range of academic subjects and has five-star rating for teaching and research in several departments; additionally, it is widely regarded as making a prominent contribution to cancer studies, hosting the first Cancer Research UK Centre.[75]
The University is particularly known for its research. In the 2001 Research Assessment Exercise, two thirds of The University's departments ranked nationally or internationally outstanding.[14] Languages, mathematics, biological sciences, physiotherapy, sociology and electrical and electronic engineering all recorded maximum points.[14] It was rated fifth in the UK for research quality, with 32 departments holding a 5 or 5* rating.[40]
The School of Computer Science ranked 1st in the 2014 Guardian University Guide,[76] 4th in the 2013 Sunday Times League Table and 6th in the 2014 Sunday Times League Table.[77] The Department of Political Science and International Studies (POLSIS) ranked 4th in the UK and 22nd in the world in the Hix rankings of political science departments.[78] The sociology department also ranked 4th by the Guardian University guide. According to the results of the Research Assessment Exercise 2008, 90% of the University of Birmingham's research activity has international impact.[79] The Research Fortnight's University Power Ranking, based on quality and quantity of research activity, put the University of Birmingham 12th in the UK, leading the way across a broad range of disciplines including Primary Care, Cancer Studies, Psychology and Sport and Exercise Sciences.[80] The School of Physics and Astronomy also performs well in the rankings, being ranked 3rd in the 2012 Guardian University Guide[81] and 7th in The Complete University Guide 2012.[82] The School of Chemical Engineering is ranked second in the UK (after Cambridge and above Imperial College) by the 2014 Guardian University Guide.[83]
As is the case with all of the 'redbrick' civic institutions, the University of Birmingham holds a sizeable student body and teaches a comparatively broader range of courses than smaller institutions.
ARWU[84] (2013, national) |
10-14 | |
ARWU[84] (2013, world) |
101-150 | |
QS[85] (2013/14, national) |
10 | |
QS[85] (2013/14, world) |
62 | |
THE[86] (2013/14, national) |
23 | |
THE[86] (2013/14, world) |
153 | |
Complete[87] (2014, national) |
17 | |
The Guardian[88] (2014, national) |
15 | |
Times/Sunday Times[89] (2014, national) |
16 |
The 2013 QS World University Rankings places Birmingham University at 10th in the UK and 62nd internationally in the top-700 world universities. Birmingham is also ranked nationally between 10th, (The Times HES[90]) 13th in The Times 2013 Good University Guide,[72] 15th in The Guardian 2013 rankings and 17th (The Independent[91]) in the rankings. The Sunday Times' composite ranking placed the university 19th from 1998 to 2007.[92] Birmingham was ranked 12th[93][94] in the UK in the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise with 16 percent of the university's research regarded as 'world-leading' and a further 41 percent as 'internationally excellent', with particular strengths in the fields of music, physics, biosciences, computer science, mechanical engineering, political science, international relations and law.[14][95] Birmingham consistently achieves high satisfaction rates in the National Student Survey. Course satisfaction was at 85% in 2011 which grew to 88% in 2012.[96]
In 2007, the Sunday Times released averages of all its tables over 10 years, ranking Birmingham as 19th in the country from 1998 – 2007.[92]
The QS World University Rankings put Birmingham at 10th in the United Kingdom in 2013.[97]
Both the Sunday Times University Guide 2013 and The Guardian University Guide 2014 show Birmingham rising through the tables significantly, ranking the university 13th and 15th respectively.[98]
International cooperation[edit]
In Germany the University of Birmingham cooperates with the Goethe University in Frankfurt/Main. Both cities are linked by a long-lasting partnership agreement.
Student life[edit]
Guild of Students[edit]
The University of Birmingham Guild of Students is the university's student union. Originally the Guild of Undergraduates, the Institution had its first foundations in the Mason Science College in the centre of Birmingham around 1876. The University of Birmingham itself formally received its Royal Charter in 1900 with the Guild of Students being provided for as a Student Representative Council.[99] It is not known for certain why the name 'Guild of Students' was chosen as opposed to 'Union of Students', however, the Guild shares its name with Liverpool Guild of Students, another 'redbrick university'; both organisations subsequently founded the National Union of Students. The Union Building, the Guild's bricks and mortar presence, was designed by the architect Holland W. Hobbiss.
The Guild's official purposes are to represent its members and provide a means of socialising, though societies and general amenities. The university provides the Guild with the Union Building effectively rent free as well as a block grant to support student services. The Guild also runs several bars, eateries, social spaces and social events.
The Guild supports a variety of student societies and volunteering projects, roughly around 180 at any one time. The Guild complements these societies and volunteering projects with professional staffed services, including its walk-in Advice and Representation Centre (ARC), Student Development, Job Zone, Student Mentors in halls, and Community Wardens around Bournbrook.[100] The Guild of Students was where the international volunteering charity InterVol was conceived and developed as a student-led volunteering project; the group currently sends volunteers to five developing countries each summer.[101] Another two of the Guild's long-standing societies are Student Advice and Nightline (previously Niteline), which both provide peer-to-peer welfare support. The Guild was one of the first universities in the United Kingdom to publish a campus newspaper, Redbrick, supported financially by the Guild of Students and advertising revenue.[102]
The Guild undertakes its representative function through its officer group, seven of whom are full-time, on sabbatical from their studies, and ten of whom are part-time and hold their positions whilst still studying. Elections are held yearly, conventionally February, for the following academic year. These officers have regular contact with the university's officer-holders and managers. In theory, the Guild's officers are directed and kept to account over their year in office by Guild Council, an 80 seat decision-making body. The Guild also supports the university "student reps" scheme, which aims to provide an effective channel of feedback from students on more of a departmental level.
The university has been consistently ranked in the top four of the British Universities & Colleges Sport (BUCS) league table.[103] The university's reputation for sport is a long-standing one; in 1954 it became the first UK university to offer a sports degree, and until 1968 exercise was compulsory for all students.[14]
In 2004 six graduates and one current student competed in the Athens Olympic games. Four alumni competed at the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, including cyclist Paul Manning who won an Olympic Gold. The university hosted the Jamaican track and field team prior to the 2012 London Olympics. The team stayed at the University's Conference Park and trained on the University's sports track.[24][104]
University of Birmingham Sport (UBS) offers a wide range of competitive and participation sports, which is utilised by the student and local population of Birmingham. Alongside fitness classes such as yoga and aerobics, UBS offers over 40 different sport teams, including rowing, cricket, football, rugby union (UBRFC), field hockey, ice hockey (Birmingham Eagles), American football (Birmingham Lions), triathlon and many more. The wide selection has ensured the university has over 2000 students participating in sport.
UBS offers over 40 scholarships and bursaries to national and international students of exceptional athletic ability.
The university provides housing for most first-year students, running a guarantee scheme for all those UK applicants who choose Birmingham as their firm UCAS choice. 90 per cent of university-provided housing is inhabited by first-year students.[105]
The university maintained gender-segregated halls until 1999 when Lake and Wyddrington "halls" (treated as two different halls, despite being physically one building) was reborn as Shackleton. University House was decommissioned as accommodation to house the expanding Business School, while Mason Hall has been demolished and rebuilt, opening in 2008. In the summer of 2006, the university sold three of its most distant halls (Hunter Court, the Beeches and Queens Hospital Close) to private operators, while later in the year and during term, the university was forced urgently to decommission both Chamberlain Tower and Manor House over fire safety inspection failures.[citation needed] The university has rebranded its halls offerings into three villages.
Vale Village[edit]
The Vale Village includes Chamberlain Hall, Shackleton, Maple Bank, Tennis Court, Elgar Court, Aitken and Chelwood residences. A sixth hall of residence, Mason Hall, re-opened in September 2008 following a complete rebuild. Approximately 2,700 students live in the village.[106]
Shackleton Hall underwent an £11 million refurbishment and was re-opened in Autumn 2004. There are 72 flats housing a total of 350 students. The majority of the units consist of six to eight bedrooms, together with a small number of one, two, three or five bedroom studio/apartments.[107] The redevelopment was designed by Birmingham-based architect Patrick Nicholls while employed at Aedas, now a director of Glancy Nicholls Architects.[108]
Maple Bank was refurbished and opened in summer 2005. It consists of 87 five bedroom flats, housing 435 undergraduates.[109]
The Elgar Court residence consists of 40 six bedroom flats, housing a total of 236 students.[110] It is the newest residence to be built, opening in September 2003.
Tennis Court consists of 138 three, four, five and six bedroom flats and houses 697 students.[111] The Aitken wing is a small complex consisting of 23 six and eight bedroom flats. It houses 147 students.[112]
Chelwood is situated at the top of the Vale village overlooking the lake, and comprises 50 en-suite bedrooms.[113]
Construction of the new Mason Hall commenced in June 2006 following complete demolition of the original 1960s structures. It was designed by Aedas Architects. The entire project is thought to have cost £36.75 million.[114] It has since been completed, with the first year of students moving in September 2008.
The largest student-run event at the university is also held on the Vale. The Vale Festival is a large annual music festival, and it has raised over £30,000 a year for charities.
Pritchatts Park Village[edit]
The Pritchatts Park Village houses over 700 students both undergraduate and postgraduate students. Halls include 'Ashcroft', 'The Spinney' and 'Oakley Court', as well as 'Pritchatts House' and the 'Pritchatts Road Houses'[115]
The Spinney is a small complex of six houses and twelve smaller flats, housing 104 students in total.[116] Ashcroft consists of four purpose built blocks of flats and houses 198 students.[117] The four-storey Pritchatts House consists of 24 duplex units and houses 159 students.[118] Oakley Court consists of 21 individual purpose-built flats, ranging in size from five to thirteen bedrooms. Also included are 36 duplex units. A total of 213 students are housed in Oakley Court, made up of undergraduates.[119] Oakley Court was completed in 1993 at a cost of £2.9 million. It was designed by Birmingham-based Associated Architects.[120] Pritchatts Road is a group of four private houses that were converted into student residences. There is a maximum of 16 bedrooms per house.[121]
Selly Oak Village[edit]
Selly Oak Village consists of three residences; Jarratt Hall, Douper Hall and Victoria Hall. Jarratt Hall is the only residence in this area owned by the university and students can choose to rent a room directly from the private companies that own Douper and Victoria Hall. The term 'Selly Oak Village' is rather misleading here, for despite its name the halls themselves are actually located in Bournbrook rather than in Selly Oak. The village has 637 bed spaces for students.[122]
Douper Hall consists of 28 flats accommodating from two to six persons for 117 undergraduate and postgraduate students.[citation needed] Jarratt Hall is a large complex designed around a central courtyard and three landscaped areas. It houses a mixture of 587 undergraduate students.[123] Jarratt Hall will not accommodate postgraduate students until September 2013 due to refurbishment of kitchens and heating system.[124]
Non-university accommodation[edit]
Until recently, the university had not been served by many private halls; a sole Victoria Hall was built in 1999. However, alongside the former university halls of Hunter Court and the Beeches, a number of other private halls aimed at the University of Birmingham market opened for business in 2007, such as Opal 1 on Bristol Road and IQFive on Bath Row near Five Ways.
Liberty Living now run three halls of residence for Birmingham students, two in Edgbaston and one at QHC near the Fiveways roundabout. All residences retain close ties with the university and contain very few, if any, students from other universities due to its proximity to the Edgbaston campus.
In addition to this the University has allocation rights to Mansion Brook, a purpose built modern complex offering a variety of studios located in Selly Oak, and Metchley Hall in Harborne.
Notable people[edit]
Notable alumni[edit]
Birmingham's alumni include the British Prime Ministers Stanley Baldwin and Neville Chamberlain, the politicians Baroness Amos, former British cabinet ministers Ann Widdecombe and Richard Tracey, Hong Kong Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal The Honourable Mr. Justice Geoffrey Ma Tao-li, Singapore Minister of Finance Hu Tsu Tau Richard, Singapore Senior Minister of State Matthias Yao, General Sir Mike Jackson, formerly the most senior officer in the British Army and Dr. Babatunde Osotimehin, Under-secretary General of the United Nations, TV personality Chris Tarrant, director Fielder Cook, composer Jonathan Goldstein, actor and comedian Chris Addison, actors Tamsin Greig, Norman Painting, Victoria Wood, Matthew Goode, Tom Riley, Elliot Cowan and Jane Wymark, the actor and musician Tim Curry, musician – lead singer of Duran Duran Simon Le Bon, artist Nasser Azam, sailor Lisa Clayton, athlete Allison Curbishley, triathlete Chrissie Wellington, cyclist Paul Manning, zoologist Desmond Morris, theologian Robert Beckford, Islam scholar J. Spencer Trimingham, philosopher and Christian apologist William Lane Craig, astrophysicist Edwin Ernest Salpeter (recipient of the 1997 Crafoord Prize), toxicologist Rosemary Waring, physicist Raymond Wilson (recipient of the 2010 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics), virologist Tony Minson, geographer Geoffrey J.D. Hewings, Chief Medical officer for England Sir Liam Donaldson, UN weapons inspector David Kelly, author James Clavell, Manchester United Chief Executive David Gill, Williams Formula One team co-founder Patrick Head, BBC entertainment correspondent Lizo Mzimba and Bangladesh-based journalist David Bergman and Nicola Davies, High Court Judge.
Four Nobel Prize laureates are Birmingham alumni: Francis Aston, Maurice Wilkins, Sir John Vane, and Sir Paul Nurse.[125] Peter Bullock, a soil scientist and an alumnus of the university, shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize as a member of the IPCC.[126] However, he was not an outright winner.
Faculty and staff[edit]
The faculty and staff members connected with the university includes Nobel laureates such as Sir Norman Haworth (Professor, 1925–1948), Sir Peter Medawar (1947–51) and John Robert Schrieffer (NSF Fellow at Birmingham, 1957). In physics, faculty members includes Oliver Lodge, John Henry Poynting, Freeman Dyson, Otto Frisch, and Rudolf Peierls. Edward Elgar, the English composer, also served in the faculty as first Professor of Music.
Birmingham has had six Chancellors since gaining its royal charter in 1900. Joseph Chamberlain was the first commoner in 240 years to hold the post of Chancellor of a British university, and the first such chancellor ever not to have been a member of the Established Church.
Name | Duration |
The Rt. Hon. Joseph Chamberlain | 1900–1914 |
The Rt. Hon. Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood | 1918–1944 |
The Rt. Hon. Anthony Eden, Earl of Avon | 1945–1973 |
Sir Peter Scott | 1973–1983 |
Sir Alex Jarratt | 1983–2002 |
Sir Dominic Cadbury | 2002–2013 |
? | 2013- |
See also[edit]
- ^ Ives, Eric (2000). The First Civic University: Birmingham, 1880–1980 – An Introductory History. Birmingham: University of Birmingham Press. ISBN 1-902459-07-5.
- ^ "Annual Accounts Year Ended 2010". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
- ^ a b c "Students". Retrieved 2009-08-15.
- ^ "Birmingham University student wins engineering award". Birmingham City Council. 27 March 2006.
- ^ "Student Life – Meeting the President". BBC News. 8 August 2008.
- ^ Curtis, Polly (29 July 2005). "Birmingham University houses tornado victims". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 2010-03-28.
- ^ Bawden, Anna (11 February 2005). "Muslim students threaten to sue Birmingham University". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 2010-03-28.
- ^ a b "University of Birmingham: The Medical School". Medicine.bham.ac.uk.
- ^ University guide 2014: University of Birmingham, The Guardian, 8 June 2008. Retrieved 11 June 2010
- ^ "HESA Statistics – Higher Education numbers 2008/2009".
- ^ "QS World University Rankings". 2013-09-10.
- ^ "Annual Accounts Year Ended 2011". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
- ^ a b "25 tallest clock towers/government structures/palaces". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. January 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ a b c d e Profile: University of Birmingham, The Times, 15 August 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2007.
- ^ "History of Medicine Unit – University of Birmingham". Medicine.bham.ac.uk.
- ^ a b Ives, E. (2000). The First Civic University: Birmingham, 1880–1980 – An Introductory History. Birmingham: University of Birmingham Press
- ^ Keith Anderton, slevenotes, Bantock: Hebridean Symphony, Naxos 8.555473, 1989
- ^ a b c d e Douglas Hickman (1970). Birmingham. Studio Vista Limited.
- ^ Ives, 2000, p.342.
- ^ Ives, 2000, p.343.
- ^ Brown, Laurie M.; Max Dresden, Lillian Hoddeson (1989). Pions to Quarks: Particle Physics in the 1950s: Based on a Fermilab Symposium. Cambridge University Press. pp. 167–9. ISBN 0-521-30984-0.
- ^ "University of Birmingham to host final Prime Ministerial Debate". University of Birmingham. 29 April 2010. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ "Battleground ready for final prime-ministerial debate". BBC News. 29 April 2010. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ a b "Jamaica's 2012 Olympics team plan Birmingham base". BBC News. 21 February 2010. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ "Students face a scramble for university places". BBC News. 9 August 2010.
- ^ "Olympic sized swimming pool plan at University of Birmingham". Birmingham Post. April 2012.
- ^ Newman, Melanie. "Poor staff relations threaten Birmingham's sociology department". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "Investigating UK Universities through Freedom of Information". AcademicFOI.Com.
- ^ "Early day motion 2484 – EDWARD BAUER, THE RIGHT TO PROTEST AND FREEDOM OF SPEECH – UK Parliament". Parliament.uk.
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- ^ "High Court Order". Retrieved 2013-08-16.
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- ^ "Activism on campus". University of Birmingham. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. Retrieved 2013-11-25.
- ^ Malik, Shiv (11 December 2011). "Birmingham University protest ban attacked as 'aggressive and censorious'". The Guardian (London).
- ^ Edmund Burke (1900). The Annual Register. Rivingtons. p. 27. ISBN 1-60030-829-5.
- ^ The Carnegie Committee, Cornell Alumni News, II(10), 29 November 1899, p. 6
- ^ Ray Smallman, A hundred years of distinction, BUMS centenary lecture, p. 5
- ^ Stephens, W.B. (1964). "A History of the County of Warwick: Volume 7". London: Oxford University Press. pp. 43–57.
- ^ "Britain's tallest 100 buildings by height". Skyscraper News. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ a b "Campus tour booklet". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ "Heritage trail: Joseph Chamberlain Memorial Clock Tower, completed 1909". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2009-07-14.
- ^ Foster, 2005, p.242-3.
- ^ Braithwaite, 1987, p.20.
- ^ Ives, 2000, p.230; Rupert Gunnis, Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660–1851 (1968 revised edition), p.281 identifies it as a 1717 work for Essex Bridge, Dublin.
- ^ Ives, 2000, p.304
- ^ Ives, 2000, p.338
- ^ a b "Signalling the Sixties: 1960s Architecture in Birmingham". West Midlands: Birmingham.gov.uk. 13 June 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "University of Birmingham: Faculty of Commerce and Social Science". Berman Guedes Stretton. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ Ives, 2000, p.336
- ^ a b Reisz, Matthew (24 September 2009). "Original features". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ Dr R Takagi. "Muirhead Tower of the University of Birmingham". Takagi-ryo.ac. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "muirhead tower, brimingham.qxp" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "New Concert Hall for Birmingham to Open in 2012 on University Campus". Retrieved 2010-05-19.
- ^ "University proposes £175m transformation of historic Edgbaston campus". Birmingham.ac.uk. 9 August 2011.
- ^ "University Farmers' Market". University of Birmingham. 23 January 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-18.
- ^ "Walnuts, Wine and Winterbourne Honey at First University Farmers' Market". University of Birmingham. 24 October 2007. Retrieved 2008-04-18.
- ^ "BBC Birmingham Television Drama Village". BBC Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-04-24.
- ^ "Arts and Law – University of Birmingham". Birmingham.ac.uk.
- ^ "University of Birmingham Lodge Home Page". Uobmasoniclodge.org.uk. 30 August 2012.
- ^ "Archive History Section: The History of the University Observatory". sr.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2012.
- ^ "Astrophysics & Space Research Group :: The University of Birmingham Observatory :: History". Retrieved 10 March 2012.
- ^ "Astrophysics & Space Research Group :: The University of Birmingham Observatory". sr.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ "Astrophysics & Space Research Group :: The University of Birmingham Observatory :: Year 3 Projects". sr.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ "University of Birmingham: Special Collections". Special-coll.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ A collection-level description for the papers of Edward Elgar, Archives Hub. Retrieved 6 January 2008.
- ^ "New Library". University of Birmingham.
- ^ "Welcome to the School of Medicine". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ^ "Trust profile". University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ^ "The Royal Centre for Defence Medicine". University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ^ Paton, Graeme (13 July 2011). "Top students concentrated in just 12 elite universities". The Daily Telegraph (London). Retrieved 2011-08-12.
- ^ "QS World University Rankings". 2013-09-10.
- ^ a b "University Guide 2013". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 2013-09-10.
- ^ "Rankings with performance scores". The Guardian (London). 12 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-04.
- ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2008". Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Retrieved 2009-09-30.[dead link]
- ^ "Birmingham Cancer Research UK Centre". Cancer Research UK. Retrieved 2009-09-30.
- ^ "The Guardian (London)". 4 June 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-08.
- ^ "Sunday Times University Guide 2013: Computer Science". Sunday Times League Table. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
- ^ Simon Hix, A global ranking of political science departments, Political Studies Review 2(3), pp. 293–313
- ^ "University of Birmingham website – RAE 2008". Research.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "University of Birmingham website – Research Fortnight". Research.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "Guardian University Guide 2012 – Physics". The Guardian (London). 17 May 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
- ^ "The University of Birmingham website – Our Rankings". The Complete University Guide. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
- ^ "Guardian University Guide 2014 – Chemical Engineering". The Guardian (London). 4 June 2013. Retrieved 2014-02-04.
- ^ a b "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2013". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
- ^ a b "QS World University Rankings 2013/14". Quacquarelli Symonds. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
- ^ a b "Top European Universities 2013-14". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
- ^ "University League Table 2014". The Complete University Guide. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
- ^ "University guide 2014: University league table". The Guardian. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
- ^ "The Times and Sunday Times University League Tables 2014". Times Newspapers. Retrieved 22 September 2013.
- ^ "University of Birmingham – Top Universities". THES. Retrieved 2010-08-09.
- ^ "University League Table 2013". The Complete University Guide. Retrieved 2013-09-10.
- ^ a b "University ranking based on performance over 10 years". The Times (London). 2007. Retrieved 2008-04-28.
- ^ "Research Assessment Exercise 2008 – Research – University of Birmingham". Research.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 2010-04-29.
- ^ "Research Fortnight's RAE 2008 Power table". Product.researchresearch.com. Retrieved 2010-04-29.[dead link]
- ^ "Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) 2008: RAE confirms Birmingham as leading UK institution". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2009-11-11.
- ^ "NSS Data 2012". HEFCE. 2013-06-20. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
- ^ "United Kingdom". Top Universities. 10 September 2013. Retrieved 2013-09-10.
- ^ Booth, Jenny. The Times (London) http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/stug/universityguide.php
missing title (help). Retrieved 2012-10-03. - ^ (Cheesewright 1975, p. 35)
- ^ BUGS: Community Wardens[dead link]
- ^ University of Birmingham Buzz Magazine. Details of InterVol set-up by volunteers including Tamzin Kensett, page 2. Retrieved 29 May 2010. http://www.download.bham.ac.uk/buzz/Buzz_73.pdf
- ^ "Guild of Students Membership Handbook 2007–08" (PDF). University of Birmingham Guild of Students. Retrieved 2008-07-06.
- ^ The BUSA Championship Results 2005/2006, BUSA, 6 July 2006
- ^ "Jamaica Bolts to Birmingham". University of Birmingham. 26 August 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ Johnny Rich (2005). The Push Guide to Which University 2006. Nelson Thornes. ISBN 0-7487-9489-1.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Vale Village". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2013-11-19.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Shackleton". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
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- ^ Liz Robinson. "Mason Hall Redevelopment". The Estates Office (University of Birmingham). Retrieved 2008-03-08.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Pritchatts Park". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-08-08.
- ^ "Student accommodation: The Spinney". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Ashcroft". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Pritchatts House". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Oakley Court". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
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- ^ "Student accommodation: Selly Oak Village". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2008-02-10.
- ^ "Student accommodation: Jarratt Hall". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
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- ^ "University of Birmingham Nobel Prize Winners". bhamalumni.org. Retrieved 2010-05-24.
- ^ Hallett, Stephen (1 July 2008). "Obituary:Peter Bullock". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 2012-12-14.
- Foster, A. (2005). Birmingham (Pevsner Architectural Guides). London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-10731-5.
- Ives, E. (2000). The First Civic University: Birmingham, 1880–1980 – An Introductory History. Birmingham: University of Birmingham Press. ISBN 1-902459-07-5.
- The University of Birmingham Yearbook 2002–2003.
- Cheesewright, M. (1975). Mirror to a Mermaid. Birmingham: The University of Birmingham Press. ISBN 0-7044-0130-4.
- Braithwaite, L. (1987). University of Birmingham Architectural Trail. Birmingham: The University of Birmingham Press. ISBN 0-7044-0890-2.
- Hughes, A. (1950). The University of Birmingham : A Short History. Birmingham: The University of Birmingham Press.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to University of Birmingham. |


text:
Core i7 Multi-GPU SLI Crossfire Game performance review -
1 - A slightly dark introduction
Guru3D Core i7 SupaDupa Multi-GPU Game performance review.
2-way, 3-way, heck even 4-way GPU performance compared using Intel's fastest processor on the globe.
Note: if you haven't done so, please read up on Core i7 processors in our launch article first, you can click here to do so.
Wooooh, momma momma momma... do we have an article for you today. If you are into threesomes... maybe even foursomes, well you are in luck my man. See, there is just so much more to the Core i7 release and X58 mainboard series than we showed in the previous Core i7 article you just read (you did do that right?). See, a golden rule in hardware land is this: one of the biggest advantages of having everything right is that in certain situations, you can get a pretty darn nice gaming experience... if you have enough cash to spend of course.
Of course I'm talking about Multi-GPU gaming, hard-core enthusiast l33t unadulterated gaming with frame rates flying so fast that in a race simulator you would actually imagine yourself to be in the race-car.
As our previous article has shown, today's processors like Intel's Core 2 and AMD's Phenom X series are really fast enough for your single-GPU based graphics card. The same rule applies to SLI or Crossfire gaming, unless you go really extreme the CPU does not make that big a difference.
But once you get to play around with so much RAW CPU computing performance, there is a situation or two where you as a gamer might see some benefits. And that's extremely high-end Multi-GPU gaming.
This article will cover such Multi-GPU gaming, both ATI CrossfireX and NVIDIA SLI. We are not talking two GeForce 9600 GT's in SLI or a set of Radeon HD 4850 cards in Crossfire, no sir... we start in the high-end performance segment. Some examples of the cards we'll put in Crossfire or SLI are:
- Radeon HD 4870 CrossfireX
- Radeon HD 4870 X2
- Radeon HD 4870 X2 Crossfire X (QuadFire)
- GeForce 9800 GX2 SLI
- GeForce GTX 260 SLI
- GeForce GTX 280 SLI
- GeForce GTX 280 3-way SLI.
Now, the amount of cash you need to drop on systems like these is retarded really, so I'm not even going to discuss that as we all no this has nothing to do with price / performance ratios. Neither are we discussing power consumption as we all know that drawing 650 Watts from the PSU is not a laughing matter. Articles like these are the X-factor, bragging rights... the quest for the eternal e-peen. To accomplish all this we had to come up with a demonic plan, as we will need a lot of gear for this article alright.
We are going to build a system which I'm going to call Lucifer, whose Synonyms are: archangel, beast, devil, diablo, evil one, fallen angel, Mephistopheles, Prince of Darkness. To live up to that name, we need some A-grade components. So we dragged ASUS by their ears and have them ship in a SLI certified X58 mainboard. We ended up with the mother of all mainboards, their X58 based Rampage 2 Extreme.
And who has the most wicked memory on the globe? Of course, OCZ. OCZ, with flaming speed, supplied some of their finest triple channel ready memory available. Intel decided to ship out their fastest demon, the Core i7 965. To keep that CPU from bursting into flames, Noctua shipped out their new NH-C12P heapipe cooler to keep things chilled.
ATI and NVIDIA made sure we got plenty of cards to test with, yet one thing was still missing. And thus BFG, lured from the shadows, quickly kicked three GeForce 280 GTXes our way. All we need to do is take a couple of graphics cards, slap them in this system and show what hellish performance you can achieve when you start a do it yourself project like shown today.
Let's create some dark matter, behold the beast... are you guys ready ?
Today an article covering the Core i7 4960X (Ivy Bridge-E) on a X79 based motherboard. Intel's most high-end processors just got updated with a high-end six-core processor series aimed at consumers.
Core i7 4820K processor review
In this review we test the new four-core Core i7 4820K Ivy Bridge-E processor. This is the only quad-core IBE processor that Intel will release. But it is unlocked and as such direct competition for the Core i7 4770K.
Core i7 4770K processor review
We review the Core i7 4770K processor. The new processors family should be a notch faster, get improved graphics performance and be more energy efficient. Will the Haswell be the processor series everything you expected? Go find out in this extensive review here at Guru3D.
Core i7 3770K review with Z77
We review the Core i7 3770K Ivy bridge processors alongside Intel's Z77 motherboard. Will Ivy Bridge be the processor series everything you expected? Go find out in this extensive review here at Guru3D.


text:
Some information is missing or invalid below.
Whether you roll them up and fill them with ice cream or eat them as a cookie, pizzelles made with this Chef'sChoice PizzellePro are sure to be scrumptious.
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Product Care:
- Manufacturer's 1-year limited warranty
Product Details:
- 3"H x 9"W x 10"D
- Model no. 835-SE
- Promotional offers available online at Kohls.com may vary from those offered in Kohl's stores.


text:
I remember Dilip Kumar saab had come for the premiere of Saawariya, he didn�t say anything then. The next day he drove to my house. He didn�t come inside, he told the watchman to call me. He sat me down on the road, gave
me a lot of love and said, �I give you a lot of blessings because I see a lot of Raj (Kapoor) in you.�
Every morning when we have breakfast and are both going to our respective shoots, he (Rishi Kapoor) is 10 times more excited than me, constantly talking about the movie and the character he is playing. And that is very heartwarming and inspiring as an actor.
I haven�t been offered any multi-starrers as of now, but I would love to do a two-hero film. I would love to work with my generation of actors, I would love to work with the Khans,
I would love to work with Hrithik Roshan.
During the anniversary edition of Screen The Big Picture on brandbuilding, an interesting point was made by R. Balki, who besides being a film-maker, is CCO and Chairman for Lowe-Lintas; he pointed to a new trend in fashion advertising � the no-logo trend and actor Ranbir Kapoor he said, is akin to that no-logo concept� an actor/brand that you can�t really pigeonhole into convenient slots.
It�s true, the young Kapoor, who just turned 31 defies stereotyping. So far he�s surprised the audience and the critics alike with his standout performances in a variety of films, be it his Rs.150 plus crore hit Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani or Barfi! that had him play a deaf and mute boy. Before that he gave us diametrically opposite films like Rocket Singh- Salesman Of The Year and Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani with a competent performance in each film.
With Besharam, his next film to hit the marquee, Kapoor is ready to surprise us yet again with a desi version of sorts of Lock, Stock And Two Smoking Barrels and a character complete with a hirsute chest on display! This is being touted as his biggest ever


text:
BeerAdvocate on your phone?! True story. Try the beta now.
Tickets for American Craft Beer Fest are on sale now! (May 30 & 31 in Boston, MA)
Hoppe (Imperial Extra Pale Ale) - Southern Tier Brewing Company
Displayed for educational use only; do not reuse. |
Ratings: 513 | Reviews: 423 | Show All Ratings:
Reviews by Homerbag:
4.1/5 rDev +1.5%
look: 4 | smell: 4.5 | taste: 4 | feel: 4 | overall: 4
Great copper color that keeps a finger thick cap.
Smell has big bready malts with a great hop punch. The hops alone in this make this creap towards the realm of an IIPA, but the malt brings it back to the Strong Ale arena. Great citric zing to frame out the powerful malt and hop delivery. This is way to easy to drink with such a high ABV. It is very hard to be sad when the bomber is empty, but take this one slow and enjoy it.
Serving type: bottle
05-27-2008 06:55:43 | More by Homerbag
More User Reviews:
3.09/5 rDev -23.5%
look: 3.75 | smell: 3 | taste: 3 | feel: 3 | overall: 3.25
"The simplicity of Hoppe tests the skill and ability of the brewer to create something truly majestic. We craft this much like a sculptor who uses only a hammer and chisel to shape stone into a masterpiece. Hoppe is spawned of these few essentials: barley, wheat, hops, yeast and water. This limited palette is an exercise in minimalism, with refined elements that are deliberately selected. This simple combination creates a golden shimmering brew infused with delicate aromas. The artful nature of this beer is exposed with the first taste. As the malt and hops create a composition of flavors, an elegant finish leaves an impression that your tastes will not soon forget. Don't be deceived by the innocence of Hoppe. Please enjoy in moderation." Brewed in the style of an Imperial Pale Ale. In retirement for quite some time, this has become a big craft fan favorite and one of Southern Tier's most talked-about discontinued beers.
Poured from a 22 oz. bottle to a Southern Tier snifter. Served above 50º Fahrenheit.
(Appearance) Hoppe pours a whipped cream head of a golden-white consistency over a mildly hazy medium amber body. Carbonation is small and relaxed. Retention is above average, leaving light streaked lacing. 3.75
(Smell) Fruit hop aromas against a very potent grainy malt background. Aromas of biscuit, tannins and ethanol gain with the aroma. Aromatically, it's past its prime. 3
(Taste) Some herbaceous hop flavor prevails, but stands aside nothing enjoyable. Finishes with a peppery flat hop finish aside a grainy, faded malt body. Very harsh flavors on account of age, much like in the aroma. 3
(Mouthfeel) Mildly dry, slightly slick. Carbonation adds some froth and light crispness. Body is medium for the style, medium overall. Alcohol presence is high in its current status. 3
(Overall) I wouldn't buy any old bottles of this beer no matter what the price is. While Hoppe is regarded as an excellent beer by Southern Tier, there's not enough substance to keep it drinkable for long beyond fresh. I hope that Southern Tier pulls this beer out of retirement, perhaps to repackage in 4 packs. I hope to get the chance to re-review this beer one day soon. 3.25
Southern Tier Brewing Company's
Imperial Hoppe (Extra Pale Ale)
Serving type: bottle
01-06-2014 19:42:52 | More by Jadjunk
Hoppe (Imperial Extra Pale Ale) from Southern Tier Brewing Company
out of 100
based on 513 ratings.


text:
Storm Trojan feeds on Independence Day
Hackers have launched a malware blitz that poses as a 4 July greeting card. Malicious emails, distributed worldwide, claim prospective victims have been sent an email greeting card, which they can view by clicking a link online. Varied subject lines based on US Independence Day are used to bait the ruse. Users duped into …
Theory of Evolution
To be honest, the "victims" have it coming to them...
Use IE? Yeah right.
Use outlook? Yeah right.
Use Windows Firewall? Yeah right.
Funny how running a free antivirus, Firefox with NoScript, and Thunderbird protects me from most uuuh.. "threats" ?
When people smash the IQ barrier by willingly clicking on a *fucking .exe* hosted on a website with only an IP and no domain name, it's just a cry for help that echoes "kick me really hard please, I'm in desperate need of technical advice and common sense".
Behold the sheep that feed the AV industry, which itself feeds the virus industry...
Darwin has been bypassed
Sadly, this will have no effect on the gene pool. These people will go out and find other people whose machines have also been infected because they clicked on an email attachment, and procreate...
So moving
I can't believe these were a trojan, the sentiment was so moving: "Hi. family member has sent you a greeting card." Who could fail to be moved & duped by such sincerity?
Family Member won't be on my Christmas card list this year.


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