text:
Lage Raho Munna Bhai
Lage Raho Munna Bhai | |
Theatrical release poster
Directed by | Rajkumar Hirani |
Produced by | Vidhu Vinod Chopra |
Screenplay by | Rajkumar Hirani Abhijat Joshi |
Story by | Rajkumar Hirani Vidhu Vinod Chopra |
Starring | Sanjay Dutt Arshad Warsi Vidya Balan Boman Irani Dilip Prabhavalkar Dia Mirza Jimmy Shergill Kulbhushan Kharbanda Saurabh Shukla |
Music by | Shantanu Moitra |
Cinematography | C. K. Muraleedharan |
Editing by | Rajkumar Hirani |
Distributed by | Vinod Chopra Productions |
Release dates |
Running time | 144 minutes |
Country | India |
Language | Hindi |
Budget | 120 million (US$2.0 million)[2] |
Box office | 1.19 billion (US$19 million)[3] |
Lage Raho Munna Bhai, pronounced [ləˈɡeː rəˈɦoː mʊnnaːˈbʱaːi] ( ), (Carry On, Mr. Munna Bhai') is a 2006 Indian comedy film directed by Rajkumar Hirani and produced by Vidhu Vinod Chopra. It is the follow-up film to Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. with Sanjay Dutt reprising his role as Munna Bhai, a Mumbai (Bombay) underworld don, who is the only person who can see the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi. Through his interactions with the image of Gandhi, Munna Bhai begins to practice what he refers to as Gandhigiri (a neologism for Gandhism) to help ordinary people solve their problems. Lage Raho Munna Bhai popularized the term Gandhigiri.[4][5][6]
The film was generally well received by critics and had a number of prominent screenings. It was a box office success and was elevated to a "blockbuster" rating on Box Office India after grossing over 1.19 billion (US$19 million) worldwide. It was also the recipient of a number of awards, including four National Film Awards.[7][8] Lage Raho Munna Bhai is the first Hindi film to be shown at the United Nations,[9][10] and was also screened at the Tous Les Cinema du Monde section of the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.[11][12] The Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh also praised the film.[13]
The central premise of the film rests upon the relationship between Munna Bhai (Sanjay Dutt) and the image of Mahatma Gandhi (portrayed by Dilip Prabhavalkar) who teaches him the principles of Gandhian philosophy. Munna is helped by his sidekick, Circuit (Arshad Warsi) who speaks with him in Bambaiya Hindi, a dialect specific to the Indian city of Mumbai.
Munna, who is in love with the voice of Janvi (Vidya Balan), a radio jockey, devises a plan to meet her when she announces a contest featuring the life and beliefs of Mahatma Gandhi. The contest is set for 2 October which Munna and Circuit only know as "Dry Day." They later find out that it is a national holiday celebrating the birth of Gandhi or Gandhi Jayanti. In order to prepare for the contest, Circuit kidnaps and bribes a group of professors to provide the answers for Munna. After having won the contest, Munna is granted an interview with Janhavi wherein he presents himself as a professor of history and a Gandhi specialist. Janhavi subsequently asks Munna to present a lecture on Gandhi to a community of senior citizens who live in her home, called the Second Innings House. In order to prepare for this event, Munna engages in a period of intense study at a Gandhi institute. For three days and nights (and without food or sleep), Munna reads about the life and ideologies of Gandhi.
It is during this period that the image of Mahatma Gandhi (Dilip Prabhavalkar), addressed by his nickname "Bapu" ("father"), appears and offers help and advice to Munna. Gandhi encourages Munna to tell the truth about himself to Janvi, but Munna resists this advice. He conjures up Gandhi by singing Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram. With Gandhi's help, Munna succeeds in impressing Jahnavi and cultivates a new lifestyle based upon Gandhism. Munna starts to co-host a radio-show with Janhavi and Gandhi's image, guiding his audience to use Gandhigiri to solve everyday problems.
The film has several subplots. One of the most prominent of these details the story of Lucky Singh (Boman Irani) and his daughter Simran (Dia Mirza). Lucky is an unscrupulous businessman who employs Circuit and Munna Bhai to conduct underworld activities for him. His daughter, Simran, is engaged to marry Sunny (Abhishek Bachchan), the son of the powerful businessman Kkhurana (Kulbhushan Kharbanda). Kkhurana is superstitious and his activities are controlled by his astrologer, Batuk Maharaj (Saurabh Shukla), whose particular use of numerology led Kkhurana to add an extra "K" to his real name (Khurana) as well as to the conclusion that the "Second Innings House" would be the most auspicious place for Sunny and Simran to live. Maharaj also convinces Kkhurana to reject the marriage between Simran and Sunny when it is revealed that Simran is considered to be a manglik (an individual whose Vedic astrological makeup is believed by some to be devastating for marriage, mostly leading to the death of the spouse after a certain calculated period of marriage). Lucky appropriates the "Second Innings House" by sending Munna to Goa (keeping him out of the way) and then blackmailing him to let the matter pass or risk losing his love Janvi. In response, Munna launches a "non-violent" protest to reclaim the house. He calls this protest "Get Well Soon, Lucky" and asks his radio show's audience to send Lucky flowers (red roses especially) to help him recover from the "disease of dishonesty".
It is during this time that Munna decides to tell Janhavi the truth (via a letter he gives to her). Heartbroken, Janhavi leaves Munna. Munna receives another setback when he is tricked by Lucky into revealing his conversations with Gandhi before a public audience. At this conference, Munna finds that only after he has learned something about "Bapu"'s life can the Gandhi image talk about it, which serves as proof for a psychiatrist in the audience that Munna is delusional. Gandhi's monologue at the end of the film, however, questions this conclusion. Munna, despite these defeats, continues to use Gandhigiri, a decision which transforms Lucky, revives Janhavi's affection, and resolves Simran's marriage. Lucky Singh eventually becomes a student of "Gandhigiri" and is greeted by Gandhi's image not long after he has begun to study "Bapu"'s life. Immediately he calls for a photograph to be taken of them together; this perplexes the photographer, who cannot see the Gandhi image.
- Sanjay Dutt as Murli Prasad Sharma or "Munna Bhai"
- Arshad Warsi as Circuit, Munna's sidekick
- Vidya Balan as Jhanvi, radio-jockey and Munna's love-interest
- Boman Irani as Lucky Singh
- Dilip Prabhavalkar as the image of Mahatma Gandhi
- Dia Mirza as Simran, Lucky's daughter, engaged to Sunny
- Jimmy Shergill as Victor D'Souza, who having lost his father's money, needs Munna's advice
- Kulbhushan Kharbanda as Kkhurana, a wealthy but superstitious businessman
- Saurabh Shukla as Batuk Maharaj, Kkhurana's astrologer
- Abhishek Bachchan as Sunny, Kkhurana's son, engaged to Simran
- Rohitash Gaud as Cuckoo (Lucky's Sidekick)
- Parikshat Sahni as Victor's father
- Ashwin Mushran as Hari Desai
- Hemu Adhikari as the retired teacher
- Priya Bapat as girl who calls Murli
- Atmaram Bhende as retired
- Ninad Kamat as lawyer
- Kurush Deboo as Dhansukh Bhai Patel, Gujarati Lawyer
- Arun Bali as a Second Innings Resident
- Achyut Potdar as a Second Innings Resident
Themes and impact[edit]
Influences and allusions[edit]
Rather than follow the traditional sequel format, each film in the Munna Bhai series features Munna and Circuit in a story which is comprehensive unto itself and is not continued or referred to in another film in the series. Indeed, director Rajkumar Hirani has compared this format to the films of Charlie Chaplin and Laurel and Hardy, as well as to the James Bond series.[14] Others have also likened the series to the work of Laurel and Hardy.[15] Some, however, have negated this comparison, stating that the series is more akin to the Road to... "buddy films" of Bob Hope and Bing Crosby.[16] Director Rajkumar Hirani stated that his work was deeply inspired by the films of Hrishikesh Mukherjee.[17]
Social influence[edit]
The decision to include Mahatma Gandhi as a central character in the film introduces, through his interactions with Munna Bhai, important thematic concepts and ideas that draw upon the period of Colonial India and the Indian independence movement. Gandhi was a leader in this movement, challenging the British Empire's presence in India through the use of Satyagraha (non-violence). In this context, Jahnavi and Munna Bhai's non-violent protest against Lucky Singh serves as a metaphor for the Indian independence movement and the battle against the British Raj.[18]
The thematic attention to Gandhi's theories in Lage Raho Munna Bhai revived an interest in Gandhism in India under the new term Gandhigiri[19] and "made Gandhi suddenly hip" with Indians "staging nonviolent protests, starting Web sites, handing out roses to enemies and putting on peaked white caps from the Gandhi era."[20] Arunabha Ghosh notes, "Gandhi, the man, was once the message. In the India of the post-liberalisation brand, gandhigiri is the message."[21] Amelia Gentleman of The International Herald Tribune/New York Times stated that:
- "The real excitement was a Bollywood film [...] which [became] the unexpected box-office hit of the year [...] With its big Bollywood soundtrack and dance routines, the movie brings Gandhi firmly into the mainstream and theaters have been packed for the past three weeks. The Congress Party recommended that all party members see the film. The Delhi authorities declared that tickets to the film would be sold tax free because of its assiduous promotion of Gandhian values."[22]
Mark Sappenfield of The Christian Science Monitor argues that the film was appealing because, "Gandhi gets his hands dirty. He appears as an apparition only visible to the wayward gangster, counselling him on how to help others deal with everyday problems."[23] Swati Gauri Sharma further suggests in The Boston Globe that what the United States "needs is a film that encourages people to take up Gandhigiri, Kinggiri, or Kennedygiri. If it worked for Bollywood, it could work for Hollywood."[6]
Gandhigiri-style protests[edit]
After the release of the film, Gandhigiri-style protests began to take place in the United States and India.[4] In the United States during July 2007, Aman Kapoor, founder of the Immigration Voice forum,[24] initiated a Gandhigiri protest inspired by Lage Raho Munna Bhai.[25][26] Over a three-day period, hundreds of flower bouquets were sent to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services office by Indians who were legally in the U.S. but caught in a green card backlog. In response, the USCIS shipped the flowers to the Walter Reed Army Medical Center and Bethesda Naval hospitals.[24] On 17 July, the USCIS announced that "it will accept applications from foreign professionals seeking permanent residency through an expedited process, reversing its earlier decision." USCIS Director Emilio T. Gonzalez noted, "The public reaction to the 2 July announcement made it clear that the federal government's management of this process needs further review ... I am committed to working with Congress and the State Department to implement a more efficient system in line with public expectations."[27][28][29]
There have also been a number of protests in India which were inspired by the film. Farmers staged a protest with flowers in the Vidarbha region,[30] and people who organised a protest in Lucknow claimed to have been inspired by Lage Raho Munna Bhai to use roses to convey their message.[31] Indian Greenpeace activists delivered thousands of roses to Ratan Tata, Chairman of Tata Motors, to reconsider his plans of building a port at the nesting grounds of Olive Ridley sea turtles.[32] In Lucknow, students claimed to have been inspired by Lage Raho Munna Bhai to do volunteer work, planting trees "to conserve nature which is bound to benefit public health."[33] The "Send Pramod Muthalik a Valentine's Day card" campaign was inspired by the film.[34] Mafia don Babloo Srivastava claimed to have been inspired by Lago Raho Munna Bhai to distribute roses as a "message of love and peace".[35]
Lage Raho Munna Bhai revived an interest in books about Gandhi.[36] In particular, demand for Gandhi's autobiography, My Experiments with Truth increased after the film debuted, including requests from prison inmates.[37][38] In addition, due to its influence, the film was made tax-free in Mumbai.[39]
The Munna Bhai series began after Vidhu Vinod Chopra agreed to produce Rajkumar Hirani's film Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. when no one else would (Hirani had worked as an editor on Chopra's Mission Kashmir). They also collaborated on the script for the film.[40] Rajkumar Hirani next began work on a film that was not related to the Munnabhai series but instead focused on a man who hallucinates about Gandhi. Hirani was in talks with Aamir Khan about the screenplay. However, after a period of time Hirani decided to combine this script with a pending sequel to Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. and thus Khan was dropped from the project. Khan and Hirani would instead team up a few years later for Three Idiots.[41]
The sequel was initially known as Munnabhai Meets Mahatma Gandhi and was later retitled Munnabhai 2nd Innings before being given its current name.[42][43] Film director and screenwriter Rajkumar Hirani admitted in an interview that he felt the burden of expectation while writing the screenplay for Lage Raho Munna Bhai, as he had to create "something to match" the first film.[14] Initially there was some effort to incorporate scenes or particulars of the first film into the sequel (such as the idiosyncratic laugh of Dr. Asthana, portrayed by Boman Irani), but the risks of repetition were then consciously averted.[14]
One of Hirani's goals in making the film was to revive an interest in Mahatma Gandhi, a figure whom he felt had been forgotten in contemporary India. To highlight this fact, Hirani recounted (during an interview) an incident with a chai-wallah boy (a boy who brings tea to the crew) during production:
- The boy was curious, he was a big Munnabhai fan and kept asking the name of the film. The first working title was 'Munnabhai Meets Mahatma Gandhi,' and Shantanu (Moitra, the music director) told him. So he said, 'Munnabhai to theek hai, yeh Mahatma Gandhi kaun hai?' ('Munnabhai is fine, but who is this Mahatma Gandhi?') So this is the sad state of affairs today. I was shocked. And it's not just the chai-wallah. A few days ago on TV a lot of politicians were asked India-related questions on the news channels, and I can't believe a lot of them don't know 2 October is Gandhiji's birthday! Many didn't know his first name. They kept saying, 'what's in a name, we respect his ideals,' but come on! How can you not know his name?[17]
The other screenwriter, Abhijat Joshi (who currently teaches in the department of English at Otterbein College in Westerville, Ohio), stated that he had been conducting extensive research on Gandhi for some time,[44] a fact which inspired producer Chopra to involve Joshi in the creation of the second Munna Bhai screenplay.[44]
While writing the screenplay, Hirani and Joshi stayed together for more than four months. They developed scenes by going out for a walk and discussing the scene. They would not return home until they had created a scene that would make them laugh, or cry, or had some provocative thought.[44] While there was a shortage of resources during the shooting of Munna Bhai M.B.B.S., the crew did not encounter a financial crisis during the filming of Lage Raho Munna Bhai, as the team managed to receive whatever was deemed necessary (including a Jimmy Jib, a specific kind of camera crane, just for a single crane shot).[14] The film was shot on location in and around Mumbai, with Goa as a backdrop for the filming of the "Aane Charaane" song.[14]
Only two characters—those of Munna Bhai (portrayed by Sanjay Dutt) and Circuit (portrayed by Arshad Warsi)—were retained from Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. Several actors, also from Munna Bhai M.B.B.S., appeared in Lage Raho Munna Bhai but as different characters.[45] Vidya Balan was chosen to play the leading lady in the film as her voice was thought to be appropriate for that of a radio jockey.[46]
The actors used several techniques to develop their characters. Arshad Warsi ("Circuit") encountered some initial problems reviving his character from the first film. On the first day of the shoot when Arshad, "said his first line, he didn't sound like Circuit at all. He sounded like Arshad Warsi speaking with an accent".[45] Warsi admits that he had "forgotten" the character of Circuit and had to watch the DVD of Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. three times before being able to film the scene in the correct way.[45] Sanjay Dutt ("Munna Bhai") also confessed that he had to watch the first film eight to nine times in order to recapture the "persona" of Munna Bhai.[45] In addition, Dutt stated in an interview that he did not read Gandhi's autobiography My Experiments with Truth as a preparation for Lage Raho Munna Bhai. Rather, he comments, both his father, Sunil Dutt (who portrays Munna Bhai's father in the first film, Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.) and his mother (the late actress Nargis) were his role models as they "were basically Gandhians. We were brought up with those values".[47] Dilip Prabhavalkar, who portrays Gandhi in the film, did read Gandhi's works "once again" in order to prepare for his role.[48] Boman Irani prepared for the role of Lucky Singh by spending time with Sardarjis (male Sikhs) in auto spare parts shops to research his role.[49] Vidya Balan ("Jahnavi") also met with a couple of radio jockeys and watched them at work.[50]
Screened on 10 November 2006 in the United Nations auditorium, Lage Raho Munna Bhai was the first Hindi film to be shown at the UN.[9] The film was introduced by Shashi Tharoor, UN Under-Secretary General for Communications and Public Information. Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama observed that, "there was thunderous clapping at the high points of the film, like the pensioner shedding his clothes. The applause at the end of the screening was unending. A vibrant question and answer session followed with director Rajkumar Hirani, writer Abhijat Joshi and actor Boman Irani, who flew to the U.S. for the screening."[51][52] The Indo-Asian News Service (IANS) also noted that, "an evening that had started with massive security arrangements in the sombre UN setting, concluded in a festive atmosphere in the lounge of the UN with diplomats from other tables joining in raising a toast for the film."[10] The United Nations General Assembly announced on 15 June 2007 that 2 October, the day of Gandhi's birth (Gandhi Jayanti), was to be "the International Day of Non-Violence".[53]
In addition, the Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh, was given a private screening of Lage Raho Munna Bhai. After viewing the film, he stated that it "captures Bapu's message about the power of truth and humanism."[13] In a speech during his visit to South Africa, Singh said, "I was heartened to see recently that back home in India the most popular movie this festival season is a film about a young man's discovery of the universal and timeless relevance of the Mahatma's message."[54] Singh announced the creation of a new Public Services Bill to combat corruption in a press release dated 17 November 2006, and cited Lage Raho Munna Bhai as one of its influences.[55]
Lage Raho Munna Bhai was further screened at a global judiciary summit in Lucknow in December 2006. After viewing the film, Justice Kenneth Mithyane from South Africa commented, "The movie has re-enlivened the non-violence philosophy practiced by Mahatma Gandhi who continues to remain close to the hearts of the South Africans." Fatima Chouhan, a young member of the South African parliament, noted that, "'Munnabhai' will be widely appreciated in South Africa. I'm carrying a couple of video discs for my family and friends."[56]
It was also a part of the Tous Les Cinema du Monde section of the 2007 Cannes Film Festival. The film was well received as the audience had lined "up in long queues to catch the film that had been strongly recommended in festival reviews [...] not one person who entered the screening left before the end of the two-hours-thirty-minutes film."[11] In addition, "the screening of the movie at the festival saw people sitting on the aisles as the theatre was completely packed [...] there was also a big group of French students that clapped till the credits were finished."[12]
Several universities held screenings of the film. It was shown on 27 October 2006 at the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts. The screening was followed by a question and answer session with Vidhu Vinod Chopra, Rajkumar Hirani, and Abhijat Joshi. Filmmaker Gurinder Chadha also attended and spoke at the conclusion of the question and answer session.[57] The film was also screened at Old Dominion University on 20 March 2007 (as a part of Old Dominion University and City of Norfolk ONFilm Festival),[58] the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lecture Series Committee on 23 March & 24 March 2007,[59] and Harvard Law School on 3 April 2007 (as part of a series on nonviolence).[60]
Home media and screenplay[edit]
The British DVD of Lage Raho Munna Bhai contains a bonus DVD which has a 98-minute 5-part documentary on the making of the film, interviews with members of the cast and crew, and information on the creation of the song and dance numbers. It also has a special feature called "Munna meets Bapu." [61]
Lage Raho Munnabhai — The Original Screenplay was released in December 2009. Published by Om Books International in association with Vinod Chopra Films, it was launched at an event with the original cast and crew from the film. The text includes an introductory note by Abhijat Joshi which details the drafting of the screenplay. It also includes a number of stills from the film as well as character profiles.[62][63]
Critical response[edit]
Lage Raho Munna Bhai was an acclaimed film.[17][23] Subhash K. Jha argues that "Munna and Circuit, arguably cinema's most adorable and roguish reformists since Laurel and Hardy go about the business of generating humour out of the pathos of the human condition. The sequences, all fiercely and famously path-breaking have us in splits [...] Watch the love-lorn Munnabhai answer a Gandhian quiz on a phone-in radio quiz with the help of kidnapped professors' it's one of the most comically animated sequences seen in the movies of the new millennium."[64] Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave the film four out five stars, calling it "a sparkling example of qualitative cinema" arguing that it "not only entertains, it also enlightens."[65] Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India observes that "Vidhu Vinod Chopra gives the great Indian family one more let's-go-goodwill-hunting entertainer, even as director Raju Hirani proves that sequels needn't have the been there-done that feel..."[66] Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN gave it four out of five stars and states: "Like those good old-fashioned Hrishikesh Mukherjee films, it also reinforces the importance of human goodness and basic niceties. Even if you might argue that some of Gandhi's principles seem outdated today, you cannot help but cheer for Munna and his gang as they achieve the impossible with love and kindness. And that is where this film transcends conventional boundaries. It entertains you, yes, but it also makes you yearn for a perfect world. Judge it by any yardstick that you may, Lage Raho Munnabhai emerges a clear winner. Much of that credit must go to its actors who pull out all stops to make it an enjoyable ride."[67] Poonam Joshi of the BBC gave the film four out of five stars stating that, "everything about this film works [...] It's rare to see a film that bounces between humour and sentiment so seamlessly. And it is rarer still to see characters become etched in the memory so enduringly that audiences become almost protective of them. It's testimony both to the quality of the writing and the performances, that Munna and Circuit have taken on a life of their own."[68] Vinayak Chakravorty of The Hindustan Times gave the film four out of four stars stating that it "cleverly works its way around the obvious hurdle that almost all sequels face: The film recreates an original milieu without a hint of the déjà vu downer. And that precisely ranks Munna Bhai 2 as one of the best entertainers this year." He also commended the film for showing "the heights Hindi cinema can scale despite staying within its masala parameters. Lage raho, guys." [69] Phelim O'Neill of The Guardian gave the film four out of five stars noting that, "as western romantic comedies become more vapid and even stalkerish, this delivers a credible message of peace, while never forgetting to be magnificent entertainment."[70] Shastri Ramachandaran of The Tribune wrote, "True, there have been memorable films on Mahatma Gandhi by distinguished directors, namely Richard Attenborough and Shyam Benegal;one offering a respectful cinematic acquaintance and the other being didactic but inspiring. For all their earnestness, neither film stirred the popular imagination like LRM has done now."[71] Vaidyanathan from BBC declared that, "Lage Raho is not only as good as MBBS, but much better" calling it "a brilliant emotional roller coaster ride."[72] Jeremy Page of The Times discussed the enormous popularity of the film upon release and noted the "serious point [the film made] about the need for tolerance, restraint and self-sacrifice."[69] Finally, filmmaker Kabir Khan cited Lage Raho Munna Bhai as a model film for him as it "had an issue, but it was never once in your face. Rajkumar Hirani kept it all so subtle and yet conveyed the message so well. It was as commercial as it gets and audiences too were thoroughly entertained. That's the way to make movies because it not just made all parties happy but also had a satisfied director at the end of it all."[73]
According to Tushar Gandhi, Gandhi's great-grandson, it introduced the philosophies of Gandhi to a new generation, adding that "Bapu would've spoken the language of Gandhigiri if he were alive today. I really feel this film says something that needs to be told."[74]
Other critics offered more negative reviews. Ajit Duara argues in The Hindu that "the accomplished cultural sophistication and political genius of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi has to be dumbed down to the astoundingly moronic levels of Lage Raho Munnabhai."[75] Filmmaker Jahnu Barua was also critical of the film, stating that "Gandhian philosophy is serious business and Lage Raho Munna Bhai is not the right way to show it."[76] Jug Suraiya of The Times of India wrote that "thanks to Munnabhai, at best what exists of Gandhism is Gandhigiri, a watered down, Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence People version of the original."[77]
Box office[edit]
Lage Raho Munna Bhai was the third highest grossing Bollywood film of 2006, earning 950 million (US$15 million) gross in India alone, and was rated a "Blockbuster".[7] It was also financially successful overseas,[78] earning 70 million (US$1.1 million) gross in the United Kingdom, 112.5 million (US$1.8 million) gross in North America, and 50 million (US$820,000) gross for the rest of the overseas proceeds, for a total of 222.5 million (US$3.6 million).[79] Its total worldwide lifetime gross is 1.19 billion (US$19 million).[3]
Lage Raho Munna Bhai is the recipient of four National Film Awards in addition to other awards. Some speculated that it would represent India as an entry for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Foreign Film.[57] Although ultimately losing to Rang De Basanti as India's official submission, the film's producers submitted it as an independent entry. However, neither film received an Oscar nomination.[80]
Lage Raho Munna Bhai | ||||
Soundtrack album by Shantanu Moitra | ||||
Released | July 2006 | |||
Genre | Film soundtrack | |||
Label | T-Series | |||
Shantanu Moitra chronology | ||||
Professional ratings | |
Review scores | |
Source | Rating |
Rediff | [81] |
Planet Bollywood | [82] |
Swanand Kirkire won the National Film Award for Best Lyrics in 2007 for the song "Bande Mein tha Dum."[83]
No. | Title | Singers | Length | |
1. | "Lage Raho Munna Bhai" | Vinod Rathod | 4:25 | |
2. | "Samjho Ho Hi Gaya" | Sanjay Dutt, Arshad Warsi, Vinod Rathod | 3:31 | |
3. | "Aane Char Aane" | Karunya | 4:30 | |
4. | "Pal Pal...Har Pal" | Sonu Nigam and Shreya Ghoshal | 4:32 | |
5. | "Bande Mein Tha Dum...Vande Mataram" | Sonu Nigam, Shreya Ghoshal, Panab Biswas | 4:02 | |
6. | "Bande Mein Tha Dum" (Instrumental) | 3:15 | ||
7. | "Aane Char Aane" (Remix) | 3:55 | ||
8. | "Lage Raho Munnabhai" (Remix) | Shaan | 4:18 |
Proposed sequel[edit]
A proposed third installment to the Munnabhai film series titled Munnabhai Chale Delhi was announced on 1 March 2013. Producer Vidhu Vinod Chopra also stated that director Rajkumar Hirani (who had directed the first two films) was busy with his film Peekay and therefore opted out of the project. He has been replaced by director Subhash Kapoor.[84] On 21 March 2013, however, India's Supreme Court upheld Dutt's conviction of illegal possession of arms relating to the 1993 Mumbai blasts case and sentenced him to 5 years imprisonment. The future of the sequel is thus uncertain.[85]
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Allagh, Harjeet Kaur. "Bole tho... Gandhigiri:Gandhigiri is gaining popularity among masses, as it is viewed as an effective tool to tackle the prevailing situation." The Hindu. 31 January 2009.
- Ahmed, Omar. "Bollywood: Carry on's a masterpiece ; LAGE RAHO MUNNA BHAI VERDICT: *****; [WORCESTERSHIRE Edition]." Birmingham Mail, 8 September 2006: 44.
- Chaturvedi, Anshul. "College, masti & Gandhigiri." The Times of India. 2 October 2008.
- Ghosh, Sohini (October 2006). "Ways of seeing:Rang De Basanti, Lage Raho Munna Bhai. Evoking idealism or validating violence?" Communalism Combat 119
- National Public Radio, "Singing The Praises Of Bollywood Films," 25 February 2009 (audio interview including section on Lage Raho Munna Bhai).
- Yelaja, Prithi. "Kids take Gandhi's words to heart." Toronto Star, 2 October 2007.
- ^ Moviefone. "Moviefone: Lage Raho Munna Bhai". movies.aol.com (AOL LLC). Retrieved 2007-05-03.
- ^ "Lage Raho Munnabhai". The Numbers. Nash Information Services, LLC. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
- ^ a b "Top Lifetime Grossers Worldwide (IND Rs)". BoxOffice India. Archived from the original on 2013-11-02. Retrieved 2012-05-11.
- ^ a b Allagh, Harjeet Kaur (31 January 2009). "Bole tho... Gandhigiri". The Hindu (The Hindu). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Chunduri, Mridula (29 September 2006). "Gandhigiri, a cool way to live". timesofindia.com (Times Internet Limited). Retrieved 2006-09-29.
- ^ a b Sharma, Swati Gauri (13 October 2006). "How Gandhi got his mojo back". boston.com (The New York Times Company). Retrieved 2006-10-13.
- ^ a b "Box Office 2006 (Figures in Ind Rs)". boxofficeindia.com. Archived from the original on 2013-10-20. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
- ^ "Munna Bhai sweeps National Film Awards". Times of India. 10 June 2008. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ a b "UN all praise for Lage Raho Munnabhai". Times of India (The Times of India). 11 November 2006. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ a b Indo-Asian News Service (14 November 2006). "UN members laughed and applauded at 'Lage Raho...". glamsham.com (Fifth Quarter Infomedia Pvt. Ltd.). Retrieved 2006-11-14.
- ^ a b Masand, Rajeev (20 May 2007). "Lage Raho ... is hot at Cannes". ibnlive.com (CNN). Retrieved 2007-05-20.
- ^ a b Adarsh, Taran (22 May 2007). "'Lage Raho Munnabhai' stuns Cannes". Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ a b "Manmohan watches Munnabhai". hinduonnet.com (The Hindu). 26 October 2006. Retrieved 2006-10-26.
- ^ a b c d e "Munna and Circuit are divine fools'". rediff.com (Rediff.com India Limited). 1 September 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-18.
- ^ Devi, Sangeetha K. (1 September 2006). "Our answer to Laurel and Hardy?". hinduonnet.com (The Hindu). Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ Wadia, Piroj (6 October 2006). "Carry on with Munnabhai". screenindia.com (Indian Express Newspapers (Mumbai) Ltd). Retrieved 2012-12-06.[dead link]
- ^ a b c "Lage Raho will make you laugh with moist eyes". rediff.com (Rediff.com India Limited). 4 September 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-29.
- ^ Ramachandran, Sudha (29 September 2006). "The Mahatma goes hip". Asia Times (Asia Times). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Shah, Mihir (28 September 2006). "Gandhigiri — a philosophy for our times". The Hindu (The Hindu). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
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- ^ Ghosh, Arunabha (23 December 2006). "Lage Raho Munna Bhai: Unravelling Brand Gandhigiri: Gandhi, the man, was once the message. In post-liberalisation India, 'Gandhigiri' is the message" (PDF). epw.org.in (The Economic and Political Weekly). Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ Gentleman, Amelia (20 September 2006). "Does urbanized India have room for Gandhi? - Asia - Pacific - International Herald Tribune". New York Times. Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ a b Sappenfield, Mark (3 October 2006). "It took a comedy to revive Gandhi's ideals in India". csmonitor.com (The Christian Science Monitor). Retrieved 2006-10-10.
- ^ a b Kumar, Arun (11 July 2007). "'Gandhigiri' by Indian green card seekers in US". Hindustan Times (Hindustan Times). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Press Trust of India (PTI) (18 July 2007). "After a dose of Gandhigiri, US Govt. has a change of heart". The Hindu (Chennai, India: The Hindu). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Yang, Xiyun (11 July 2007). "A Gift From Gandhi:Frustrated Green Card Applicants From India Use Methods Of Master". The Washington Post (The Washington Post). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Yang, Xiyun (18 July 2007). "After Protest, U.S. to Take Green-Card Applications". The Washington Post (The Washington Post). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ "'Gandhigiri works! Green Card seekers make US change heart". CNN IBN (CNN IBN). 18 July 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-18.
- ^ "Gandhigiri works magic for Indians seeking green card". CNN IBN (CNN IBN). 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-18.
- ^ Ahmed, Zubair (12 October 2006). "Gandhi-style protest by farmers". BBC news (BBC). Retrieved 2006-10-12.
- ^ Pradhan, Sharat (21 September 2006). "Lucknow citizens go Gandhian on liquor merchant". Rediff.com India Limited. Retrieved 2007-04-25.
- ^ Hamid, Areeba (8 August 2008). "People Power: Roses for Ratan Tata". Greenpeace India. Retrieved 2008-08-31.
- ^ "Bollywood's Lage Raho Munna Bhai inspires Lucknow's medical students". sawf.org (Sawf News). 27 September 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-29.
- ^ "Movements that protest attacks by Sri Ram Sene, but with love". Livemint (Livemint). 13 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Express News Service (29 September 2006). "Don inspired by Gandhigiri". Screen India (Screen India). Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ Jawed, Zeeshan (22 September 2006). "Groove to Gandhi, get it? - Books on Bapu fly off shelves, schools block bulk tickets". telegraphindia.com (The Telegraph). Retrieved 2006-10-13.
- ^ "At city's bookstores, it's a brisk season for Gandhi". expressindia.com. 24 October 2006. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Jha, Sumit (18 September 2006). "Gandhigiri makes great reading, bhai!". Times of India (Times of India). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Businessofcinema.com Team (29 September 2006). "Lage Raho Munnabhai tax free in Mumbai". Businessofcinema.com. Retrieved 2006-09-29.
- ^ Bollywood Hungama (20 February 2007). "From the director's diary... Vidhu Vinod Chopra". Features. Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 20 February 2007.
- ^ PTI (20 February 2007). "Lage Raho Gandhiji". Ahmedaba Mirror. Retrieved 2009-12-13.
- ^ Sethi, Nitin (1 May 2006). "Vinod Chopra Productions 3-in-1". glamsham.com (Fifth Quarter Infomedia Pvt. Ltd.). Retrieved 2006-09-29.
- ^ Adarsh, Taran (4 May 2006). "Munnabhai' gets a new name, Also new release date". news (Bollywood Hungama). Retrieved 2006-09-29.
- ^ a b c "How Gandhigiri found a place in Munnabhai". rediff.com (Rediff.com India Limited). 26 September 2006. Retrieved 2007-04-25.
- ^ a b c d IndiaFM News Bureau (2 August 2006). "An interview with Rajkumar Hirani". Yahoo! Movies. Yahoo Web Services India Pvt Ltd. Archived from the original on 28 August 2006. Retrieved 2007-04-20.
- ^ MovieTalkies.com (4 September 2006). "Rajkumar Hirani". Interviews. Movie Talkies.com. Retrieved 2007-04-20.
- ^ Nair, Nandini (1 October 2006). "'My father was modern day Gandhi'". indiatimes.com (Times Internet Limited). Retrieved 2006-10-01.
- ^ "The Verdict: Does Gandhigiri work?". IBNlive.com (CNN-IBN). 1 October 2006. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ Nair, Nandini (13 October 2006). "A tortoise who won". thehindu.com (Chennai, India: The Hindu). Retrieved 2006-11-17.
- ^ Siddiqui, Rana (1 September 2006). "The grace of Munnabhai". hindu.com (Chennai, India: The Hindu). Retrieved 2007-04-20.
- ^ Adarsh, Taran (14 November 2006). "'Munnabhai' screened at the U.N.". Bollywood Hungama (Bollywood Hungama). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ "Limelight: Feel Good Factor". The Telegraph (Kolkata). 19 November 2006. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
- ^ "International Day of Non-Violence". Ovi Magazine. 12 October 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ Singh, Manmohan (1 October 2006). "PM's speech at Satyagraha Centenary Commemoration at Kingsmead Stadium, Durban". Prime Minister's Office, Government of India. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
- ^ "PM's key note address to conference of CBI & state anti-corruption bureaus: Government to bring forward public services bill :PM". Press Releases, Prime Minister's Office (Press Information Bureau, Government of India). 17 November 2006. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
- ^ "'Munnabhai' charms South Africans". dnaindia.com (Diligent Media Corporation Ltd). 13 December 2006. Retrieved 2014-2-3.
- ^ a b Adarsh, Taran (1 November 2006). "Munna's tryst with Oscars begins". Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 2006-11-01.
- ^ College of Arts and Letters, Old Dominion University. "Film Festival SChedule" (PDF). Colonial Encounters: ONFilm Festival. Old Dominion University. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
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- ^ a b Chakravorty, Vinayak (2 September 2006). "Lage Raho Munna Bhai rocks". Hindustan Times (The Hindustan Times). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ O'Neill, Phelim (1 September 2006). "Review:Lage Raho Munna Bhai". guardian.co.uk (London: Guardian News and Media Limited). Retrieved 2006-12-10.
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- ^ Vaidyanathan (29 August 2006). "Review:Lage Raho Munna Bhai". bbc.co.uk (BBC). Retrieved 2009-03-02.
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- ^ Jha, Subhash (19 March 2007). "'I'm pleased with Hirani's Gandhigiri,' says Gandhi's grandson". Indo-Asian News Service. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
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- ^ "Overseas Earnings (Figures in Ind Rs)". boxofficeindia.com. Archived from the original on 2014-10-29. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ Saxena, Kashika (25 September 2012). "India's Oscar race: Losers weepers?". The Times of India (The Times of India). Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ Sukanya Verma (7 August 2006). "Munnabhai's music rocks". Rediff.com. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
- ^ "Lage Raho Munnabhai Music Review". Planet Bollywood. 25 July 2006. Retrieved 2012-12-06.
- ^ Shailaja Tripathi (5 February 2009). "Vocals Beyond the Verbal". Chennai, India: The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
- ^ Lalwani, Vickey (1 March 2013). "Subhash Kapoor to direct 'Munnabhai Chale Delhi'". Times of India (Times of India). Retrieved 2013-03-01.
- ^ "Can't imagine film without Sanjay Dutt: Munnabhai Chale Delhi director". NDTV. Indo-Asian News Service. 21 March 2013. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Lage Raho Munna Bhai |
- Official website
- Official trailer (VinodChopraFilms)
- Lage Raho Munna Bhai at the Internet Movie Database


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text: | Pet Etiquette for RentersApril 24, 2012 - Kari RoseAs animal lovers and pet owners very well know, finding a home, town house, or apartment that welcomes your furry or not so furry friends can seem like an impossible feat. Years ago it was quite common for a landlord to allow small dogs, a cat or two, or certain caged animals but the times they are a changin'. Landlords who once allowed pets in their rental units may have had responsible tenants but more often than not ended up in a position of making unnecessary and costly repairs due to a lack of tenants holding up their end of the bargain. As a pet owner and animal lover myself I can honestly say I understand where these landlords are coming from. I have heard many cringe worthy stories and certainly can relate to how sometimes one bad apple can spoil the bunch. Although they seem like a dying breed, there are still some landlords who will accept pets on their premises. As a reponsible tenant and pet owner, this is where pet etiquette becomes extremely important. Perhaps if more pet owners care for their animals and rental units more landlords may be willing to once again allow pets. I've noticed that there is one animal that even some pet friendly landlords are extremely hesitant about...dogs. The main reasons for this is barking and urinating or deficating on the floors which results in the landlord having to tear up and replace the carpeting after you move. Please do not assume that if a landlord says they allow dogs that they mean any size, any age or any breed. Some landlords will only allow dogs up to a certain weight while others that allow larger dogs may be unwilling to allow certain breeds on their property. If you have a puppy that is still being potty trained for example, make sure to tell your landlord this. Also make sure to tell them what steps you will be taking to make sure the puppy does not urinate and soil the carpeting. Be responsible and use a crate when you are not home or while you are asleep. You can also use puppy pad training along with outdoor potty training to greatly reduce indoor accidents...or at least confine them to a pad that is easy to clean and does not cause damage to the unit. Another issue landlords tend to have with any dog is the possibility of barking and barking complaints from neighbors. Do not assume that just because a landlord will allow a dog that you should let them bark at every sound. There are ways to remedy inappropriate barking. Although I personally disagree with shock collars as they can be painful, leave marks and lead to resentment...or not even work at all, it is an option. Please use caution if you choose to use this as a training tool. An alternative to the shock collar is a collar that sprays a citrus and water combination when the dog barks. This is not painful for them and is much like using a squirt bottle. Also, dogs don't like the citrus in these sprays. Remember, you have neighbors and even if you do know their schedules, you don't know when they're feeling ill, taking a day of r&r, or possibly napping. It is not fair to assume that because barking does not bother you it does not bother anyone else. Be considerate. Once again, if your dog is a barker inform your potential landlord and tell them how to plan to remedy this. Contrary to popular belief, keeping a landlord informed is most often a good thing. The third thing on most hesitant landlords' lists in regards to allow dogs are feces on the property. Most cities have ordinances that state you must pick up your doggy doo or you will be fined. New Ulm does have this ordinance. Not picking up after your dog is not only smelly and unsanitary but can also be hazardous for children playing near it or to other dogs with the tendencey of viewing other doggy doo as a snack. It is also important regardless of where you live to keep your dog up to date on shots, de-wormer, and heartguard and to have them spayed or nuetered. Some landlords will ask you for a print out to make sure your dog is up to date and altered. If your potential landlord does not ask you for this, it is always a nice gesture to offer it to them. An informed landlord knows they are being shown respect and a respected landlord is more likely to offer you a rental or renew your lease. Now lets move on to cats. Although it is more common for a potential landlord to allow a cat/s than a dog/s, many have been left with a unit that is unsanitary and has been urinated and deficated on. I have heard of landlords spending thousands of dollars in repairing units where the cat/s sprayed. Please tell your landlord exactly how many cats you have and if you intend to get more make sure you recieve written permission. Some landlords will only allow an animal (dog, cat, or other) if they are a therapy animal. If this is the case you will either have to have your family doctor mail your potential landlord a letter or allow your landlord to fax a form to your doctor. It is extremly important to keep litter boxes clean when you have a cat or cats. If a cat finds a litter box is too full (even if you don't think so) they will find another place to relieve themselves. It is best to clean the litter box every day and sometimes more often if you have multiple cats. Please do not let bags of your cats' waste pile up. If you have a full bag dispose of it properly. This greatly reduces any smell and is far more sanitary then letting it accumulate. The litter you use can also make a big difference in how much odor will be in and around your cats' litter box. Clumping litter can be purchased anywhere and is far more sanitary than litter that does not clump. Litters containing baking soda or odor crystals can also greatly reduce smell. There are also alternative litters on the market such as Feline Pine and Yesterdays News that are flushable and/or organic and biodegradible. I have used Feline Pine and was unable to detect any smell around the litter boxes with the exception of when a cat just finished their 'duty'. Bentonite can be purchased at feed stores and is extremely inexpensive, very effective, strong and almost immediate clumping and has very little dust. Keep in mind that no matter what litter you use, you will need to scoop at least once a day. Since litter can be tracked throughout your home please sweep the immediate area on a fairly regular basis and don't forget to vacuum. As with a dog, make sure your cat/s are current on all shots and are spayed or nuetered. Remember, an altered cat of either sex is far less likely to spray. It is also a myth that only male cats will spray. Perhaps you're not a cat or dog person or are unable to have them due to allergies or the cost of pet care. Fancy yourself more of a reptile person, fish person, or bird person? Maybe you have ferrets or other caged animals. Don't be surprised if a potential landlord isn't overly thrilled about your choice of pet. As with any animal friendly potential landlord, be open and honest and tell them what you have. Explaining why you have a fifty pound snake instead of a hampster may help ease your landlords mind. Let your landlord know how long you have had the pet/s you wish to move in with you and how you take care of them. Some landlords will not allow snakes or only will allow small snakes. Some will only allow an aquarium up to a certain weight. Some will not allow rabbits or ferrets while others will. This is the landlords right but by explaining how you care for them and how often as well as providing information that your pet/s are current on shots, spayed or nuetered, of if applicable, descented you are more likely to have a potential landlord look more closely at your particular situation. As with a dog or a cat, make sure to keep both your pet/s and their cages, tanks, or aquariums clean. Make sure your pet/s are properly feed, bathed, groomed, etc. If you have a large bird let your neighbors know so they don't suddenly wake in the middle of the night horrified after hearing a 'scream'. As with barking dogs, do not assume that your neighbors will not be bothered by a loud bird. Although most bird owners I know keep their birds' wings clipped, there are a few who do not. Not only is clipping your birds' wings making your home much safer for them, it is also preventing potential damage to property that does not belong to you. Make sure that if you have a caged animal they are never let out unattended. When not handling them always keep them in a locked cage, tank, or terrarium. It's not very likely that your neighbor will be happy to find your missing snake in their apartment! In addition to keeping your pets and home sanitary, clean, and taken care of properly and being open and honest with your potential landlord it is also very important to understand a landlord or neighbors potential concerns. Take the opportunity to educate someone that is unsure about your pet but don't be rude in your approach or forceful in your opinion. Always get a landlords permission to add an additional animal to your household. Never assume that your landlord won't care. An assumption like that can end in legal eviction. Not only is this disrespectful to your landlord but an eviction may put your pets' future in jeopardy. It may also prevent other landlords from renting to you. If your pet does damage the unit you are renting be responsible and make or pay for needed repairs. If you know your carpeting will need to be replaced and your deposit will not cover the cost talk to your landlord to see if you can pay for it all at once or pay so much each month until that cost is covered. Even if you plan to rent from the same landlord for years to come it is important to cover the cost of repairs and have them made as they are needed. Damage to property from an animal should never fall on a landlords shoulders. Many landlords that once allowed animals will not change their minds but there are more than likely a handful that may reconsider once that have consistantly had responsible, respectful pet owners in their units. Remember to put yourself in your landlords shoes if you expect them to step into yours. There is always a way to live peacfully together.....animal, landlord, and tenant. Article CommentsNo comments posted for this article. 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Press Release
As part of the Probate and Family Court's ongoing initiative to provide information to those people who utilize the Probate and Family Court, a roundtable discussion was held on April 21, 2009 at the Hampshire Probate and Family Court. The court, in conjunction with the Massachusetts Chapter of the Association of Family and Conciliation Courts, sponsored the discussion which focused on cultural issues within the context of court proceedings.
The group of twenty-five, which included members of the bar, as well as court staff, discussed how to identify when an interpreter is needed and how to determine whether the judge hearing the case needs to know about the litigant's cultural background. The lively discussion also included tips for best practices for attorneys representing clients from diverse cultural backgrounds, negotiation tools and views from the bench.
The roundtable was organized by Beth Crawford, the Assistant Judicial Case Manger in the Hampshire Probate and Family Court and the current President of the Massachusetts Chapter of the AFCC. The panel participants included Judges Linda Fidnick, Gail L. Perlman, and Geoffrey Wilson of the Probate and Family Court, as well as attorneys Marianne Zurn, of Zurn, Sharp & Heyman, and Wendy Berg, of Western Massachusetts Legal Services. Attorney Kathleen Townsend moderated the discussion.
Chief Justice Carey shares, "I am grateful that discussions such as this one are held, as each discussion heightens awareness to the differences in cultures, and how a person's cultural background may effect their relationships, interactions and decisions. I appreciate the panelists for taking the time to bring these issues to the forefront."
This roundtable discussion was the first of a series. Additional discussions will be held in Norfolk and Essex


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Credits & Info
- Uploaded
- May 11, 2012 | 12:06 AM EDT
Related Stuff
Plenty more like this here!
NATA 2012 - Open Round Animations with the theme, "Discovering time travel."
Author Comments
well this is for the NATAOPEN2012
and well it didnt came out too well
i needed more time than 48 hours DX
i had to cut alot of parts from the real script but oh well
Rated 3.5 / 5 stars May 11, 2012
Would be better without the subtitles, the mistakes distract me from the animation.
LordOfTimePT1 responds:
ok the future animations i will add some kind of button that will change the subtitles
diferent languages and off
thx for the tip!!! =D
Rated 2.5 / 5 stars May 11, 2012
Audio needs to be redone. Background noises, sound effects, and the voices need more character.
LordOfTimePT1 responds:
thx for the tip. it will help me in the future


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Swallow Touches Water
Thursday, February 15, 20073:00 PM - 5:00 PMGlorya Kaufman Dance TheatreDept. of World Arts and Cultures, UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095
Asia Pacific Performance Exchange Fellows Cheng-Chieh Yu & Kenny Endo present an intercultural choreographic and musical exploration of the underlying martial aspects of the Chinese internal martial art Ba Gua Zhang and Japanese Taiko drumming.
"Swallow Touches the Water" is an inter-cultural performance exploration motivated by acknowledging the martial characteristics undercurrent in the Japanese Taiko and the Chinese Martial art form, Ba Gua Zhang. Generally the project interrogates martiality, exploring its transformation, recoding, and mediation through creative processes of choreography & music making. The title is that of a movement phrase from Ba Gua Zhang.
Beginning Taiko Workshop with Kenny Endo held immediately after the event 5- 6:30 p.m. Workshop sign-up starts at 2:45 pm on site -- space is limited, first come first served.
Performers: Kenny Endo, Arianne Hoffmann, Jeremy Hale, Taisha Paggett, Sebastian Peters-Lazaro, Dr. Dragenson C. W. Lung, Cheng-Chieh Yu
UCLA Yukai Taiko: Ryan Ishikawa, Mark Nguyen, Kathy Tu, Jennifer Muise, Jennifer Chow, Jana Yokoyama (alt.)
UCLA Kyodo Taiko: Jessica Wong, Emily Mukai, Jason Osajima, Kevin Suda, Elizabeth Ishida, Allan Kaku
Cost : Free
Sponsor(s): Center for Chinese Studies, Asia Institute, World Arts & Cultures/Dance, James Irvine Foundation, Dance: Creation to Performance Program, Administrated by Dance/USA, Dept. of World Arts & Cultures Hot House Space Residency Program for Choreographers, Summer 06.


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- Our Tutors
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We deliver personally tailored lessons from exceptional tutors in a one-on-one setting.
We offer an unparalleled satisfaction guarantee.
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Varsity Tutors offers Latin tutoring by highly-credentialed tutors in Seattle, WA. We'll help you learn Latin through one-on-one tutoring in the comfort of your own home or any other location of your choice.
Selected Latin Tutors in Seattle, WA
We have certified tutors near you ideally qualified to help you with Latin. Our tutors hail from colleges like MIT, Stanford, UChicago, Yale, Harvard, UPenn, Notre Dame, Amherst, UC Berkeley, Northwestern, Rice, Columbia, WashU, Emory, Brown, Johns Hopkins, Vanderbilt, UNC, Michigan, UCLA, and many other top programs.
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While the benefits of studying Latin seem obvious, the language itself can seem fairly difficult. As noted, Latin—unlike languages such as French, German, and Spanish—is no longer a spoken language, so certain foreign language learning aides (such as immersion in the language by studying abroad) aren't an option. Also, Latin's conjugation and declension systems can be fairly intimidating to beginning students, particularly to native speakers of English. In both cases, an experienced Latin tutor from Varsity Tutors is an invaluable resource. Our tutors understand the special challenges of learning Latin and will guide you through the process—from vocabulary, to grammar, to composition—ensuring that any trouble areas are addressed quickly. With the help of a Varsity Tutors Latin tutor, you can enjoy the process of learning this invaluable language, as well as open up a world of exciting academic and professional possibilities.
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We offer a branded range of illuminated information cases and menu cases to suit a range of different applications both indoor and outdoor. Our elegant restaurant menu podium is a perfect choice to compliment any hotel dining room and we offer a range of different menu case styles including an attractive gold and silver finish.
Information cases are available in landscape and portrait layouts and a selection of different frame sizes. As well as supplying menu cases we also stock large announcement and function boards suited to displaying event and venue information. Use the links below to choose the best menu or information case to suit your décor and particular application. To find out more, contact us on 01793 613088.
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Kabloom Florist
SCCU Member Discount
15% discount on any floral or plant purchase from Kabloom of Melbourne. Offer applies on orders $30.00 and up.
KaBloom is as different as their name. At Kabloom, experience a totally new way to buy flowers and potted plants. You'll find that we have a large selection of the freshest flowers and plants--you'll feel like you are walking through a garden when visiting our store. On any given day, we carry over 200 different cut flowers, bouquets and plants, compared to about 40 in a supermarket floral department and about 20 in a traditional florist. Our flowers and plants are shipped direct from the growers, so the flowers are fresher, last longer and of the highest quality.
KaBloom invites you to come in, touch, smell, and browse the hundreds of floral products and accessories. We open early and close late for your convenience.
Everyday Fresh Cut Price
Kabloom believes flowers should be enjoyed everyday, not just on special occasions. They always negotiate the best prices and buy direct from growers all over the world and pass the savings on to you with unbeatable prices. Our prices remain consistent year-round and throughout the holidays.
Contact Kabloom Florist
Baymeadows Downtown Center
3682D N. Wickham, Road
Melbourne, FL 32935
Phone: (321) 242-3360
Toll Free Phone: (866) 293-3331
E-mail: email@example.com
Space Coast Credit Union does not endorse, recommend, or guarantee the services of Kabloom Florist. Previous purchases excluded. Program subject to change or cancellation without notice.


text: Name: Kat Reynolds Date: 03/25/10 Message: Thank you for offering the opporunity for children to see theatre! Name: Pat Davis Date: 03/04/10 Message: Laura Fellwock-- you don't know me but I work with your father who is wonderful person and proud father. Congratulations on your accomplishments. Keep up the great work and HAPPY BIRTHDAY! Name: Sharon Bailey Date: 10/20/09 Message: Neal Ghant was riveting as Brutus. Everyone was great, but especially enjoyed his performance of this torn, conflicted character. Name: firstname.lastname@example.com Date: 07/28/09 Message: Shakespeare rocks!! Name: Jemi Date: 07/25/09 Message: You can discover the new unfair advantage of test coaching, your fast track to CSET Test success. Legal, ethical cheat-sheet CSET Study Guide gives you real insider-line test content and 'mirror-like' practice questions. Name: jane weir Date: 07/24/09 Message: As a Bardcard participant I would like to commit to 8/2, 2 p.m. show of Andronicus row K seats 5 and 7 Name: Kathie Decker Date: 05/25/09 Message: Wishes the staff a great summer Name: Stacey Date: 03/19/09 Message: Welcome to our guest book! |


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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (cont.) Medical Author:
John Mersch, MD, FAAP
John Mersch, MD, FAAPDr. Mersch received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of California, San Diego, and prior to entering the University Of Southern California School Of Medicine, was a graduate student (attaining PhD candidate status) in Experimental Pathology at USC. He attended internship and residency at Children's Hospital Los Angeles. Medical Editor:
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical Editor
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, Chief Medical EditorMelissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology. IN THIS ARTICLE
Is ADHD in Children on the Increase? If So, Why?No one knows for sure whether the prevalence of ADHD per se has risen, but it is very clear that the number of children identified with the disorder and who obtain treatment has risen over the past decade. Some of this increased identification and increased treatment-seeking is due in part to greater media interest, heightened consumer awareness, and the availability of effective treatments. Teachers are better trained to recognize the condition and suggest that the family seek help, especially in the more mild to moderate cases. The condition itself is so much more clearly defined and more concisely diagnosed now. The diagnosis of ADHD is also less of a social stigma than in the past. This more enlightened perspective reflects the understanding that ADHD is a biochemical disorder and not merely an "out of control child." As such, more parents are receptive to medical therapy for the condition rather than resorting to less effective home/school discipline techniques. Interestingly, the increase in prevalence of ADHD is not solely an American phenomenon but has been noted also in other countries. Whether the number of patients with ADHD has truly increased or rather our better recognition and acceptance of ADHD as a diagnosis has "increased" the number of patients remains to be further defined. Must Read Articles Related to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD in Adults
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well recognized in children and is increasingly recognized in adult populations. Adult ADHD symptoms include ...learn more >>
Patient Comments & ReviewsThe eMedicineHealth doctors ask about ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children): |
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- Need Help Managing Your Child's ADHD?
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder »
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental condition of inattention and distractibility, with or without accompanying hyperactivity.


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"Got these for my baby shower thank you notes. They fit right into my owl theme and love that they have a 'mom, dad and baby' owl on the branch! Great quality!"
"I used this little card as an insert with the invitation. I needed to add directions (quite extensive) on one side & the other side was used for where to mail "parent tips" & "baby wishes". Customer service was outstanding on helping me do this! I highly recommend tiny prints!"
"This design was simple and sweet and perfect stationary from our baby girl Georgia. I also love that when we're done with the cards, Tiny Prints makes it easy to re-order so we always have a supply on hand. The size was perfect too and I was impressed with the quality of these."
"Love this for my little one on the way. I will certainly be getting the matching announcements once she makes her arrival! The pink and gray are the colors I have chosen for her nursery too so it worked great!"
"This card was perfect! We had it done as a thank you card to match our daughter's 1st birthday party theme! They were delivered within a week of ordering and we love them!"


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Practical mod_perl / HTML Book / | ||||
6.5.1. $^T and time( ) |
Under mod_perl, processes don't quit after serving a single request. Thus, $^T gets initialized to the server startup time and retains this value throughout the process's life. Even if you don't use this variable directly, it's important to know that Perl refers to the value of $^T internally.
For example, Perl uses $^T with the -M, -C, or -A file test operators. As a result, files created after the child server's startup are reported as having a negative age when using those operators. -M returns the age of the script file relative to the value of the $^Tspecial variable.
If you want to have -M report the file's age relative to the current request, reset $^T, just as in any other Perl script. Add the following line at the beginning of your scripts:
local $^T = time;
You can also do:
local $^T = $r->request_time;
The second technique is better performance-wise, as it skips the time( ) system call and uses the timestamp of the request's start time, available via the $r->request_time method.
If this correction needs to be applied to a lot of handlers, a more scalable solution is to specify a fixup handler, which will be executed during the fixup stage:
sub Apache::PerlBaseTime::handler { $^T = shift->request_time; return Apache::Constants::DECLINED; }
and then add the following line to httpd.conf:
PerlFixupHandler Apache::PerlBaseTime
Now no modifications to the content-handler code and scripts need to be performed.
Continue to:
mod_perl, modperl, Apache, perl, cgi, html, mod_perl, e-commerce, scalability, free, open source, OSS, apache, squid, high availability, modperl, linux, unix, Web, www, mod_perl, webserver, admin, apache, book, webmaster, tools, modperl, guide, docs, documentation, help, mod_perl, perl, information, apache, script, errata, eric cholet, perl, apache, mod-perl, stas bekman, mod_perl, cool, perl, Apache, performance, speed, choice
Other projects to check out: meta-religion.com is for those interested in Religious, Spiritual and Esoteric Phenomena. i-want-a-better.com is a community of people discussing what they would like to be improved in their lives and things they use and interact with. You may also want to find a healer in your area or read articles on variety of topics.


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The Frontline City Coordinator is responsible for the day-to-day operation of the Frontline program in a particular city and its surrounding areas. The Frontline program's objective is to increase the financial strength and political clout of Greenpeace by recruiting members to give automatic monthly donations through a credit card or a bank direct debit.
Include These Major Areas and others:
A minimum of 1-2 years of experience in face-to-face fundraising, direct marketing or customer service and a strong interest in environmental issues.
To Apply, please click here.


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Army of Two: The 40th Day (PlayStation 3)
Manufacturer: Electronic Arts Inc. Part number: 19380
- More product information:
- Editors' review
- User reviews
- Specifications
- Manufacturer info
- Description:
- When a man-made disaster of epic proportions strikes Shanghai, China, Rios and Salem find themselves right in the middle of it all. Fortunately for you, you've got a bigger playbook of features and an arsenal of co-op moves that either player can perform at any time, opening up fresh strategies and choices for both players. You've also got ... Read more
Where to buy
store | customer rating | inventory | tax & shipping | price |
| In stock | Enter zip code to get total price: Price +Tax +Shipping =Total price | as of 03/15/2014 | |
| In stock Get free shipping on orders over $35.00 | as of 03/15/2014 |
*Total price for the Army of Two: The 40th Day (PlayStation 3) are estimated and may vary slightly based on exact tax, shipping, manufacturer rebate or any sale/promotion on the merchant site.


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Monsuno Volume 2: Power
Posted in Disc Reviews by Michael Durr on May 14th, 2013
Most cartoons these days seem to be carbon copies of cartoons gone past just with different settings and characters. You got the superhero cartoon, adventure cartoon, anime cartoon, the really kiddie cartoon and the adult cartoon. Today, we have a classic I want to be a Pokemon imitator cartoon. It goes by the name Monsuno. Let us take a look inside the second volume and see if this one is more than an attempt to sell action figures and trading cards.
Read the rest of this entry »


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United Mine Workers President Cecil Roberts said Tuesday that coalfield residents need more protection from blasting at mountaintop removal strip mines.
Roberts also said coal operators must be forced to plan long-term economic development when they reclaim mountaintop removal mine sites.
In the UMW's first detailed public statements since a controversy erupted over mountaintop removal a year ago, Roberts said strip miners want to keep their jobs.
But, the Cabin Creek native emphasized, "This union has a proud history of working not only in the interests of its own members, but on behalf of all working people and the communities they live in.
"We fully intend to uphold that tradition," Roberts said.
Roberts spoke and submitted written comments Tuesday to a task force Gov. Cecil Underwood appointed to look into complaints about mountaintop removal.
The UMW leader had been mostly silent on the issue for months, but had received behind-the-scenes pressure from local union leaders - and from Arch Coal Inc. - to speak out in favor of the mining practice.
Unlike old-time strip mining, mountaintop removal blasts away entire hilltops to reach valuable low-sulfur coal underneath. Leftover rock and earth is dumped into nearby valleys and streams.
In his statement, Roberts emphasized that the coal industry is still a vital part of the economy in many Southern West Virginia communities.
In Boone County, for example, 42 percent of the work force is directly employed by the coal industry. In coal counties of the state, more than 10 percent of all jobs are directly linked to mining, Roberts said.
"We make no apologies for seeking to promote the jobs available in the mining and related industries," Roberts said.
"We do believe that jobs provided in coal mining are worth fighting for and preserving," he said. "This is particularly true in our economy, in which service sector jobs are often very low-paying and without benefits."
But, Roberts said, "At the same time, we support strong regulatory efforts to protect the water resources of our communities, and we also believe that families living in these communities should be protected against blasting debris and degradation of the ir communities.


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Essential Reads
Essential Reads is your one-stop source for the top stories of the day as reported by your favorite Washington Week panelists. It's a simple way to save time and stay informed about the news you need to know. Check it out every day!
Apr 16, 2012
Secret Service Scandal: Agents Solicited Prostitutes?
With Pierre Thomas, ABC NewsEleven agents have been suspended for allegations involving prostitutes.
Americas Meeting Ends With Discord Over Cuba
By Jackie Calmes and William Neuman, New York TimesA summit meeting of Western Hemisphere nations ended without a final statement of consensus on Sunday, after the United States and some Latin American nations remained sharply divided over whether to continue excluding Cuba from such gatherings.
Read More -
Obama Adviser Plouffe Presses Romney on Release of Old Tax Files
By Mike Dorning and Julianna Goldman, Bloomberg NewsDavid Plouffe, a senior adviser to President Barack Obama, said Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney should release decades of back tax returns, framing the issue of as one of "transparency and trust" that will help define the choice for voters in November. "If he's got nothing to hide, then there's nothing to lose," Plouffe said in an interview on Bloomberg Television's "Political Capital with Al Hunt" airing this weekend.
Read More -
Whistleblower Controversy
With Eamon Javers, CNBCCNBC's Eamon Javers reports the IRS Whistleblower program is running up against a brick wall.
Apr 13, 2012
North Korean Missile Launch Raises New Questions About Path Forward
By Yochi J. Dreazen, National JournalThe roots of the growing tensions between Washington and Pyongyang over North Korea's controversial missile launch Thursday trace back to a set of closed-door talks in February—and the sharply differing conclusions each side drew from the negotiations.
Read More from National Journal
The North Korean Rocket Prior to Launch (CNN) -
World Economy Highly Unstable
With David Wessel, Wall Street JournalThe IMF is raising its forecasts for global growth from levels it expected in January, but there is still a "high degree of instability" in the world economy, Managing Director Christine Lagarde says in an interview with the WSJ's David Wessel.
Obama: Candidates' Wives Should Be "Off-Limits"
By Alexis Simendinger, RealClearPoliticsThe wives of presidential and other political candidates should be "off-limits," President Obama said Thursday during interviews at the White House with anchors from television stations in four key battleground states.
Read More -
Nancy Gibbs and Michael Duffy Discuss 'The Presidents Club'
With Michael Duffy, TIMENancy Gibbs and Michael Duffy discuss the surprising ways that current and former presidents depend on each other.
White Males Fading Among House Democrats
By Susan Davis, USA TODAYHouse Democrats will make history in the 2012 election, sending to Congress next January the first minority-majority party faction in U.S. history. A new analysis by the Cook Political Report reveals a further progression of white flight from the Democratic Party, which is increasingly represented by women and minorities, while the GOP remains a party dominated by white men.
Read More -
The Umbrage Wars
By John Dickerson, SlateWednesday was a big day for political umbrage taking. It started with a conference call hosted by Mitt Romney's campaign in which his advisers were unable to give an immediate answer to the candidate's position on the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. The Obama campaign issued a statement from Ms. Ledbetter saying she was "shocked and disappointed." (A couple of hours after the Romney campaign was struck mute, it issued a release saying President Romney wouldn't seek to repeal the law.)
Read More -
North Korea Missile Launch Failure: New Threats?
With Martha Raddatz, ABC NewsMartha Raddatz on this embarrassing failure for the North Korean government.
North Korea Missile Launch Failure: New Threats?
With Martha Raddatz, ABC NewsMartha Raddatz on this embarrassing failure for the North Korean government.
Apr 12, 2012
Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney: Self-Restraint in an Age of Rage
By John F. Harris, PoliticoAmerican politics has become so angry and divisive that it favors candidates who appeal to extremists and eccentrics, and even are extremist and eccentric themselves. The nonstop circus of modern campaigns, meanwhile, has left the county's most accomplished and capable people on the sidelines, with scant interest in running for office. Or so the argument goes. But something strange—or rather something normal—is happening in 2012.
Read More -
Romney Rebuts Claims that He, GOP are Anti-Women
By Charles Babington, Associated PressPresidential candidate Mitt Romney intensified his efforts Wednesday to rebut claims that he and fellow Republicans are insufficiently supportive of women, or even hostile to them. For the second straight day, the presumptive GOP nominee campaigned at a female-owned work site, and denounced Democrats for saying his party is waging "a war on women."
Read More
Mitt Romney speaks in Warwick, RI (CNN) -
How the World's Most Exclusive Club Was Born
By Nancy Gibbs and Michael Duffy, TIMEIt was one of those moments that, in a mere second or two, changed American history: On January 20, 1953, at the inauguration of President Dwight Eisenhower, Harry Truman greeted Herbert Hoover on the platform. "I think we ought to organize a former presidents club," Hoover suggested. "Fine," Truman replied. "You be the President of the club. And I will be the Secretary." Up to that moment, the Presidents Club was more an idea than an institution.
Read More -
George Zimmerman Charged With 2nd Degree Murder in Trayvon Martin's Death
By Matt Gutman, Candace Smith and Pierre Thomas, ABC NewsGeorge Zimmerman, the neighborhood watch captain who admits he shot unarmed Florida teenager Trayvon Martin, was charged with murder today and has been taken into custody. The charge of second degree murder was announced by Florida special prosecutor Angela Corey at a news conference this evening.
Read More -
Ann Romney Tweets; What Would Hillary Do?
By Beth Reinhard, National JournalYou've come a long way, baby? Somehow the 2012 campaign has regressed back to 1992 (some would say even decades earlier) when Hillary Clinton kicked up a storm for saying "I suppose I could have stayed home and baked cookies and had teas but what I decided to do was to fulfill my profession which I entered before my husband was in public life.''
Read More from National Journal -
Obama Won't Order Ban on Gay Bias by Employers
By Jackie Calmes, New York TimesPresident Obama disappointed and vexed gay supporters on Wednesday with his decision, conveyed to activists by a senior adviser, not to sign an executive order banning discrimination by employers with federal contracts.
Read More -
The Campaign is On, and So Are the Fake Fights
By Jim Tankersley, National JournalToday is for all intents and purposes the first full day of the 2012 general election for president. If you scan headlines, blog posts, and Twitter feeds, you'll notice two stories are sucking up a lot of the coverage of the race: President Obama's push for a "Buffett Rule" to force millionaires to pay the same effective federal tax rate as middle-class Americans, and presumptive Republican nominee Mitt Romney's claims that Obama is waging an economic war on women.
Read More from National Journal
Apr 11, 2012
Obama Goes on Offensive Over Taxes on Wealthy
By Jackie Calmes, New York TimesAll but certain now that his Republican opponent will be Mitt Romney, President Obama has made his proposed "Buffett Rule" minimum tax for the wealthiest Americans like Mr. Romney a centerpiece of his re-election campaign, defying the political risk of being seen as a tax-and-spender by wary voters.
Read More
President Obama speaks about the 'Buffett Rule' (CNN)


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Bud Travel Cushion - Love, Love, Love
Product Details
Brand: |
Practical and colourful, the Bud Travel Cushion provides neck support when travelling, allowing you to grab a few winks of sleep in as much comfort as travelling permits. The Love, Love, Love cushion has a design filled with pink hearts, to make it more visually exciting than a standard cushion. - R.K.
- Brightly coloured travel cushion
- Provides neck support when travelling
- Dimensions: (H) 30cm (W) 32cm
Delivery & Returns
How long will it take to arrive?
Please check the stock availability notice on your item when placing your order. This item is: Sold out
Please remember to add postal time (3-5 working days) to obtain a complete estimate of delivery to your door.
How will I know it has been sent?
You will receive an email to confirm when your item has been sent.
You can also check the status of your order and individual items by accessing My Account details and following the prompts.
Please allow 10 working days from dispatch of your order before notifying us of any late deliveries.
It may be advisable to check with your neighbours to see if a parcel has been left with them, check any outhouses you might have where it may be left if it cannot fit through your letterbox and contact your local sorting office to see if the item has been returned to the depot as undelivered and awaiting collection.
If I'm not completely happy with my item?
Please see our returns policy.