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LGBT adoption
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LGBT adoption is the adoption of children by lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons. This may be in the form of a joint adoption by a same-sex couple, adoption by one partner of a same-sex couple of the other's biological child (step-parent adoption) and adoption by a single LGBT person.
Adoption by same-sex couples is legal in 14 countries and in some territories. Opponents of LGBT adoption question whether same-sex couples have the ability to be adequate parents (see LGBT parenting). Since constitutions and statutes usually fail to address the adoption rights of LGBT persons, judicial decisions often determine whether they can serve as parents either individually or as couples.
LGBT parenting[edit]
The existing body of research on outcomes for children with LGBT parents includes limited studies that consider the specific case of adoption. Moreover, where studies do mention adoption they often fail to distinguish between outcomes for unrelated children versus those in their original family or step-families, causing research on the more general case of LGBT parenting to be used to counter the claims of LGBT-adoption opponents.[1] One study has addressed the question directly, evaluating the outcomes of adoptees less than 3-years old who had been placed in one of 56 lesbian and gay households since infancy. Despite the small sample and the fact that the children have yet to become aware of their adoption status or the dynamics of gender development, the study found no significant associations between parental sexual orientation and child adjustment, making the results consistent with notions that two parents of the same gender can be capable parents and that parental sexual orientation is not related to parenting skill or child adjustment. The findings point to the positive capabilities of lesbian and gay couples as adoptive parents.[2]
Objections to and support for LGBT adoption[edit]
Adoption of children by LGBT people is an issue of active debate. In the United States, for example, legislation to stop the practice has been introduced in many jurisdictions; such efforts have largely been defeated. There is agreement between the debating parties, however, that the welfare of children alone should dictate policy.[1] Supporters of LGBT adoption suggest that many children are in need of homes and claim that since parenting ability is unrelated to sexual orientation, the law should allow them to adopt children.[1] Opponents, on the other hand, suggest that the alleged greater prevalence of depression, drug use, promiscuity and suicide among homosexuals (and alleged greater prevalence of domestic violence) might affect children [3] or that the absence of male and female role models during a child's development could cause maladjustment.[4] Catholic Answers, a Catholic religious group, in its 2004 report on gay marriage addressed parenting by homosexual partners via adoption or artificial insemination. It pointed to studies finding higher than average abuse rates among heterosexual stepparent families compared with families headed by biological parents.[5][6] The American Psychological Association, however, notes that an ongoing longitudinal study found that none of the lesbian mothers had abused their children. It states that fears of a heightened risk of sexual abuse by gay parents are not supported by research.[7]
Several professional organizations have made statements in defense of adoption by same-sex couples. The American Psychological Association has supported adoption by same-sex couples, citing social prejudice as harming the psychological health of lesbians and gays while noting there is no evidence that their parenting causes harm.[8][9][10] The American Medical Association has issued a similar position supporting second parent adoption by same-sex partner, stating that lack of formal recognition can cause health-care disparities for children of same-sex parents.[11]
Britain's last Catholic adoption society announced that it would stop finding homes for children if forced by legislation to place children with same-sex couples.[12] The Muslim Council of Britain also sided with Catholic adoption agencies on this issue. [13] Catholic Charities of Boston also ended its founding mission of adoption work rather than comply with state laws conflicting with its religious practices.[14]
Public opinion[edit]
A 2006 poll by the Pew Research Center found a close divide on gay adoption among the United States public, while a 2007 poll by CNN and Opinion Research Corp. said 57% of respondents felt gays should have the right to adopt and 40% said they should not.[15] In the United Kingdom in 2007, 64% of people said they thought gay couples should be allowed to adopt and 32% said they should not. 55% of respondents thought that male couples should be able to adopt and 59% of people thought that lesbian couples should be able to adopt.[16] In Brazil, a 2010 poll asked, "Do you support or oppose allowing gay couples to adopt children?" The poll found that 51% opposed adoption by same-sex couples and 39% supported it.[17] An opinion poll conducted in late 2006 at the request of the European Commission indicated that Polish public opinion was generally opposed to both same-sex marriage and to adoption by gay couples. The Eurobarometer 66[18] poll found that 74% of Poles were opposed to same-sex marriage and 89% opposed adoption by same-sex couples.
Legal status by country/jurisdiction[edit]
Full joint adoption by same-sex couples is currently legal in the following countries:
- Argentina (2010)[19]
- Belgium (2006)[20]
- Brazil (2010)[21]
- Canada (1999 onward, depending on province)[22][23][24][25][26][27]
- Denmark (2010)[28]
- France (2013)[29]
- Iceland (2006)[30]
- Netherlands (2001)[31]
- New Zealand (2013)[31]
- Norway (2009)[32]
- South Africa (2002)[33]
- Spain (2005)[34]
- Sweden (2002)[35]
- United Kingdom (England and Wales 2005,[36] Scotland 2009,[37] Northern Ireland 2013[38][39])
- Uruguay (2009)[40][41]
Full joint adoption by same-sex couples is currently legal in the following subnational jurisdictions:
- Australia: Western Australia (2002),[42] Australian Capital Territory (2004),[42] New South Wales (2010)[43] and Tasmania (2013)
- Isle of Man (2011)[44]
- Jersey (2012)[45]
- Mexico: Mexico City (2010)[46] and Coahuila (2014)[47]
- United States: Rhode Island (1993),[48] District of Columbia (1995),[49] New Jersey (1998),[50] New York (2002),[49] California (2003),[49] Indiana (2006),[49] Maine (2007),[49] Florida (2010),[51][dubious ] Arkansas (2011),[dubious ] Connecticut,[49] Illinois,[49] Massachusetts,[49] Oregon,[49] Vermont,[49] New Hampshire, Washington, Hawaii, Iowa, Nevada, Delaware, Colorado, Minnesota,[52] Guam[citation needed]
The following countries permit stepchild-adoption in which the partner in a registered partnership (or in an unregistered cohabitation in Israel and Slovenia) can adopt the natural, and in some cases the adopted, child of his or her partner:
- Austria (2013)[53]
- Slovenia (2011)[54]
- Finland (2009)[55]
- Germany biological (2004),[56] adopted (2013)[57]
- Greenland (2009)[58]
- Israel (2005)[56] (Israel allowed overseas adoption and full joint adoption in several cases)[59][60]
The following jurisdictions permit "stepchild-adoption" in which one partner in a civil union can adopt the natural (or sometimes even adopted) child of his or her partner:
- United States: Pennsylvania (2002), Montana, Idaho (2014)
South Africa[edit]
South Africa is the only African country to allow joint adoption by same-sex couples. The 2002 decision of the Constitutional Court in the case of Du Toit v Minister of Welfare and Population Development amended the Child Care Act, 1983 to allow both joint adoption and stepparent adoption by "permanent same-sex life partners".[61] The Child Care Act has since been replaced by the Children's Act, 2005, which allows joint adoption by "partners in a permanent domestic life-partnership", whether same- or opposite-sex, and stepparent adoption by a person who is the "permanent domestic life-partner" of the child's current parent.[62] Same-sex marriage has been legal since 2006, and is equivalent to opposite-sex marriage for all purposes, including adoption.
A January 2005 ruling of the Israeli Supreme Court allowed stepchild adoptions for same-sex couples. Israel previously allowed limited co-guardianship rights for non-biological parents.[63] Then in February 2008, a court in Israel ruled that same-sex couples are now permitted to adopt a child even if that child is not biologically related to either parent.[64] This marked a watershed in granting equal rights to all gay people in Israel.[64] isRealli, the official blog of the State of Israel, frequently publishes updates on gay adoption news in Israel. The site also has a complete timeline of gay rights milestones in Israel.
In February 2006, France's Court of Cassation ruled that both partners in a same-sex relationship can have parental rights over one partner's biological child. The result came from a case where a woman tried to give parental rights of her two daughters to her partner whom she was in a civil union with.[65] In the case of adoption, however, in February 2007, the same court ruled against a lesbian couple where one partner tried to adopt the child of the other partner. The court stated that the woman's partner cannot be recognized unless the mother withdrew her own parental rights.[66][67] On May 17, 2013, French President François Hollande signed into law the bill that opened marriage and adoption rights linked to it for same sex couples.[68]
In 1998, a nursery school teacher from Lons-le-Saunier, living as a couple with another woman, had applied for an authorization to adopt a child from the département (local government) of Jura. The adoption board recommended against the authorization because the child would lack a paternal reference, and thus the president of the département ruled against the authorization.[69] The case was appealed before the administrative courts and ended before the Council of State, acting as supreme administrative court, which ruled against the woman.[70] The European Court of Human Rights concluded that these actions and this ruling were a violation of Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights taken in conjunction with Article 8.[69][71]
On 2 June 2006, the Icelandic Parliament unanimously passed a proposal accepting adoption, parenting and assisted insemination treatment for same-sex couples on the same basis as heterosexual couples. The law went into effect on 27 June 2006.
In Bulgaria, according to the Ministry of Justice the laws regarding adoption "lack a norm, concerning the sexual orientation of the individuals". Therefore, a single gay person or same-sex couples may adopt.[72][73]
On 17 May 2013, the Portuguese parliament approved a bill in first reading allowing "co-adoption" of the biological or adopted child of the same-sex spouse or partner, where that spouse or partner is the only legally recognized parent of the child (e.g. the mother with the natural father not being registered). However, in October 2013 members of parliament opposed to the bill proposed a referendum on the issue and killed a motion to have the second vote in the plenary;[74][75] the motion on the possible referendum is now being examined.[76]
North America[edit]
In Canada, adoption by same-sex couples is legal in every province and territory.[22][23][24][25][26]
In Mexico City, the Legislative Assembly of the Federal District passed legislation on 21 December 2009 enabling same-sex couples to adopt children.[77] Eight days later, Head of Government ("Mayor") Marcelo Ebrard signed the bill into law, which officially took effect on 4 March 2010.[46][78]
On 24 November 2011, the Coahuila Supreme Court struck down the state's law barring same-sex couples from adopting, urging the state's legislature to amend the adoption law as soon as possible.[79] On 12 February 2014, the state's congress overwhelmingly approved the measure more than two years following the supreme court decision.[47]
United States[edit]
According to a report by the Williams Institute, in 2007 there were 270,000 children in the United States who lived with same-sex couples. Of these, one-quarter, or 65,000, were adopted.[80]
In the U.S., states may restrict adoption by sexual orientation or marital status. Furthermore, since adoptions are mostly handled by local courts in the United States, some judges and clerks accept or deny petitions to adopt on criteria that vary from other judges and clerks in the same state,[81] leading to a confused or ambiguous legal status for same-sex parents in some states.
In Australia, same-sex adoption is legal in the Australian Capital Territory,[82] Western Australia,[83] New South Wales[43] and Tasmania.[84] The lesbian co-mother or gay co-father(s) can apply to the Family Court of Australia for a parenting order, as 'other people significant to the care, welfare and development' of the child. But the lesbian co-mother and gay co-father(s) will be treated in the same way as a social parent is treated under the law; they will not be treated in the same way as a birth parent.[85] In May 2007, the Victorian Law Reform Commission in Victoria released its final report recommending that the laws be modified to allow same sex couples to adopt children have not been implemented yet, while all other recommendations have been implemented.[86]
New Zealand[edit]
The Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Act 2013, which will come into force on 19 August 2013, will allow same-sex marriage and permit married same-sex couples to jointly adopt children. Previously, an LGBT individual was able to adopt children, but same-sex couples could not adopt jointly.[87]
In New Zealand, preliminary New Zealand Law Commission reports and white papers had previously raised the issue, while Metiria Turei, a Green Party List MP raised the issue in late May 2006.[citation needed] In February 2005, the Greens suggested that an adoption law reform clause should be added to the Relationships (Statutory References) Act 2005, which equalized heterosexual, lesbian and gay spousal status in New Zealand law and regulatory policy except for adoption. However, this was ultimately rendered irrelevant by the advent of same-sex marriage in New Zealand on April 17, 2013. As a consequence of this legislation, married same-sex couples will also be able to become adoptive parents. An additional Adoption Reform Bill seeks to extend such rights to civil unions in New Zealand and de facto couples.
South America[edit]
In Argentina, Brazil, French Guiana, and Uruguay same-sex couples can jointly adopt. A government-sponspored adoption law in Uruguay allowing LGBT adoption was approved by the lower house on 28 August 2009, and by the Senate on 9 September 2009. In October 2009, the law was signed by President and took effect.[41] According to Equipos Mori Poll's, 53% of Uruguayans are opposed to same sex adoption against 39% that support it. Interconsult's Poll made in 2008 says that 49% are opposed to same sex adoption against 35% that support it.[40][88]
Summary of laws by jurisdiction[edit]
Country | LGBT individual may petition to adopt | Same-sex couple may jointly petition | Same-sex partner may petition to adopt partner's child | Same-sex couples are allowed to foster or stepchild foster |
Austria | Yes | No | Yes | Yes (except state of Lower Austria) |
Belgium | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Czech Republic | Yes | No | No | No |
Denmark | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Estonia | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Finland | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
France | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Germany | Yes | No (but the child adopted by one partner can later be adopted by the other as well) | Yes | Yes |
Iceland | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Ireland | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Italy | No | No | No | Yes |
Latvia | Yes | No | No | No? |
Lithuania | No (only in exceptional circumstances) | No | No | No |
Netherlands | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Norway | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Poland | Yes | No | No | No |
Portugal | Yes | No | No | Yes |
Slovakia | Yes | No | No | No |
Slovenia | Yes | No | Yes | No (but singles can foster) |
Spain | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Sweden | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Switzerland | Yes | No | No | Yes |
United Kingdom | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Same-sex couple joint petition | LGBT individual adoption | Same-sex stepparent adoption | |
Argentina | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Brazil | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Chile | No | No | No |
Colombia | No | Yes | No |
Paraguay | No | No | No |
Surinam | No | No | No |
French Guiana | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Guyana | No (Gay sex illegal) | No (Gay sex illegal) | No (Gay sex illegal) |
Belize | No (Gay sex illegal) | No (Gay sex illegal) | No (Gay sex illegal) |
Peru | No | No | No |
Cuba | No | No | No |
Puerto Rico | No | Yes | No |
Bolivia | No | No | No |
Ecuador | No (constitutional ban) | No (constitutional ban) | No (constitutional ban) |
Honduras | No (constitutional ban) | No (constitutional ban) | No (constitutional ban) |
El Salvador | No | No | No |
Guatemala | No | No | No |
Venezuela | No | No | No |
Dominican Republic | No | No | No |
Nicaragua | No | No | No |
Costa Rica | No | Yes | No |
Mexico | Yes (only Mexico City and Coahuila) | Yes | Yes (only Mexico City and Coahuila) |
Uruguay | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Same-sex couple joint petition | LGBT individual adoption | Same-sex stepparent adoption | |
ACT | Yes | Yes | Yes |
New South Wales | Yes[43] | Yes | Yes[43] |
Northern Territory | No | Only in exceptional circumstances | No |
Queensland | No (under review since 2009) | Yes | No |
South Australia | No (under review since 2008) | No | No |
Tasmania | Yes[84] | Yes | Yes[84] |
Victoria | No (under review since 2007) | Yes | Yes |
Western Australia | Yes | Yes | Yes |
New Zealand | Yes | Yes | Yes |
- Even a de facto opposite sex couple can not jointly adopt a child under the law of the Northern Territory.
- No individual or single people are allowed to adopt a child, only a married or de facto opposite sex couples under the law of South Australia.
See also[edit]
- Heterosexism
- LGBT rights
- Same-sex adoption in Brazil
- Same-sex marriages and civil unions
- Mommy Mommy – a documentary about a lesbian adoptive couple
- Preacher's Sons – a documentary about a gay adoptive couple
Further reading[edit]
- Lerner, Brenda Wilmoth & K. Lee Lerner (eds) (2006). Gender issues and sexuality : essential primary sources. Thomson Gale. ISBN 1-4144-0325-9. Primary resource collection and readings. Library of Congress. Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms
- Lerner, Brenda Wilmoth & K. Lee Lerner (eds) (2006). Family in society : essential primary sources. Thomson Gale. ISBN 1-4144-0330-5. Primary resource collection and readings. Library of Congress. Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms
- Stacey, J. & Davenport, E. (2002) Queer Families Quack Back, in: D. Richardson & S. Seidman (Eds) Handbook of Lesbian and Gay Studies. (London, SAGE Publications), 355–374.
- New Zealand Law Commission: Adoption- Options for Reform: Wellington: New Zealand Law Commission Preliminary Paper No 38: 1999: ISBN 1-877187-44-5
- ^ a b c Charlotte Patterson, et. al, "Adolescents with Same-Sex Parents: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, November 7, 2007, pg. 2
- ^ "Parenting and Child Development in Adoptive Families: Does Parental Sexual Orientation Matter?" (PDF). Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ William Satetan,Adopting Premises, Slate, 7 February 2002
- ^ "Gordon Moyes". Gordon Moyes. 2009-02-26. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ Special Report: Gay Marriage. Catholic Answers. 2004. note 63
- ^ Is the "Cinderella Effect" Controversial?[dead link]
- ^ Lesbian & Gay Parenting. Page 12.
- ^ Paige, R. U. (2005). "Proceedings of the American Psychological Association, Incorporated, for the legislative year 2004. Minutes of the meeting of the Council of Representatives 28 & 30 July 2004". Honolulu, HI. Retrieved 18 November 2004. (To be published in Volume 60, Issue Number 5 of the American Psychologist.)
- ^ "Resolution on Sexual Orientation and Marriage", Study finds gay moms equally-good parents, July 2004.
- ^ "Position Statement: Adoption and Co-parenting of Children by Same-sex Couples", American Psychological Association, November 2002 (archived from [1]).
- ^ "H-60.940 Partner Co-Adoption, H-65.973 Health Care Disparities in Same-Sex Partner Households "AMA Policy regarding sexual orientation"". Ama-assn.org. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ "Times Online March 3, 2010 Catholic adoption agency seeks exemption on gay adoption regulations". Timesonline.co.uk. 2011-06-23. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ Muslims back Catholics over gay adoption
- ^ "Catholic Charities stuns state, ends adoptions Gay issue stirred move by agency By Patricia Wen Boston Globe March 11, 2006". Boston.com. 2006-03-11. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ "McCain blasted for gay adoption opposition". USA Today. 15 July 2008.
- ^ Gay Adoption 28 Jan 2007 (2007-01-28). "UK Polling Report". UK Polling Report. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ (07/22/10) (2010-05-21). "Half of Brazilians Reject Adoption by Gay Couples | Angus Reid Public Opinion". Angus-reid.com. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb66/eb66_highlights_en.pdf. Retrieved 2013-11-02. Missing or empty
(help) - ^ "Argentina Passes Gay Marriage Law". Towardfreedom.com. 15 July 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
- ^ David Morton Rayside. Queer inclusions, continental divisions: public recognition of sexual diversity in Canada and the United States. University of Toronto Press, 2008. p. 388 (p. 20). ISBN 0-8020-8629-2.
- ^ "Homosexual couples can adopt children, decides to Supreme Court of Justice". Athosgls.com.br. 2010-04-27. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ a b Mary C. Hurley (31 May 2007). "Sexual Orientation and Legal Rights". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b Jennifer A. Cooper (31 December 2001). "Opinion on Common-Law Relationships". Government of Manitoba. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b "Gay couple leaps 'walls' to adopt son". Edmonton Journal. 19 February 2007.
- ^ a b "Legal Information for Same Sex Couples". Legal Information for Same Sex Couples. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
- ^ "Yukon Adoption: Important Adoption Issues". Adoptiveparents.ca. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ Gays given equal adoption rights[dead link]
- ^ "François Hollande signs same-sex marriage into law - FRANCE". FRANCE 24. 2013-05-18. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
- ^ David Morton Rayside. Queer inclusions, continental divisions: public recognition of sexual diversity in Canada and the United States. University of Toronto Press, 2008. p. 388 (p. 21). ISBN 0-8020-8629-2.
- ^ a b "Gay Marriage Goes Dutch". CBS News. Associated Press. 1 April 2001. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "Norway passes law approving gay marriage". MSNBC. Associated Press. 17 June 2008. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ Windy City Media Group (1 October 2002). "South Africa OKs Gay Adoption". Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ [2]
- ^ "Sweden legalises gay adoption". BBC News Online. 6 June 2002. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ UK Gay News (30 December 2005). "New Adoption Law Gives Gay Couples Joint Rights". Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ Ellen Thomas (20 September 2009). "New legislation sees gay Scottish couples win right to adopt children". Herald Scotland. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ BBC News (11 December 2013). "Gay adoption: Northern Ireland ban lifted". Retrieved 11 December 2013.
- ^ Northern Ireland Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety. "Adoption - Frequently Asked Questions". Retrieved 5 February 2014.
- ^ a b Yanina Olivera (9 September 2009). "Uruguay approves Latin America's first gay adoption law". AFP. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b by AQ Online. "Uruguay Bill Permitting Same-sex Couples to Adopt Becomes Law". Americasquarterly.org. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ a b Shelly Dahl (4 August 2007). "Stop the proposed same-sex adoption ban". Green Left. Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b c d "Adoption Amendment (Same Sex Couples) Bill 2010 (No 2) – NSW Parliament". Parliament.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
- ^ New laws raise hopes for more adoptions in Isle of Man
- ^ Jersey's civil partnership law comes into force
- ^ a b "Mexico City's gay marriage law takes effect". MSNBC. Associated Press. 4 March 2010. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
- ^ a b (Spanish) Jesús Castro (12 February 2014). "Ya pueden parejas gay adoptar en Coahuila; PAN vota en contra". Vanguardia. Retrieved 12 February 2014.
- ^ "Greenwood and Fink (Providence, RI) – all legal services for same-sex adopting couples and more". Lesbiangayadoption.com. Retrieved 2013-12-05.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Human Rights Campaign (2008). "Adoption Laws: State by State". Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ Robert Crooks, Karla Baur. Our sexuality. 10th Edition. Cengage Learning, 2008. p. 520 (p. 255). ISBN 0-495-09554-0.
- ^ "Florida appeals court strikes down gay adoption ban". CNN International. 22 September 2010. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
- ^ "How To Adopt". Mnadopt.org. 2012-08-01. Retrieved 2013-12-05.
- ^ "Austria: Reform needed after European Court adoption victory for lesbian couple | Amnesty International". Amnesty.org. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ "Confronting Homophobia in Europe". Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ Ice News (23 May 2009). "Finland extends same-sex adoption rules". Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ a b Daniel Ottosson (November 2006). "LGBT world legal wrap up survey". International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA). Retrieved 21 January 2010.
- ^ "German Court Strengthens Gay and Lesbian Adoption Rights - SPIEGEL ONLINE". Spiegel.de. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ (Danish) "Order on entry into force in Greenland of the Registered Partnership Act". Government of Greenland. Retrieved 2013-11-10.
- ^ "Israel sanctions overseas gay adoption". United Press International. 25 April 2008. Retrieved 17 October 2010.
- ^ "Gay Israeli couple allowed to adopt". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 11 March 2009. Retrieved 17 October 2010.
- ^ "Lesbians, gays can adopt children". news24. 10 September 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
- ^ Donelly, Lynley (2008). "A Media Guide to the Children's Act 38 of 2005". Centre for Child Law; Media Monitoring Project. p. 40. Retrieved 17 July 2011.
- ^ "Gay News From". 365gay.com. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ a b AG okays wider adoption rights for same-sex couples, By Yuval Yoaz, 12 February 2008.
- ^ Ruling of the Court of Cassation, first civil chamber, on recourse 04-17090
- ^ "04-15676" (in (French)). Legifrance.gouv.fr. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ "06-15647" (in (French)). Legifrance.gouv.fr. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ "French President Signs Gay Marriage Into Law". Huffingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2013-12-05.
- ^ a b Ruling in E.B. v. France from the European Court of Human Rights
- ^ Council of State (France), ruling 230533
- ^ BBC, France chided over gay adoption, 22 January 2008
- ^ "Frequently asked question - adoptions from Bulgaria" (in (English)). Family National Association. Retrieved 2013-05-22.
- ^ http://www.adoption-bg.com/. Missing or empty
(help) - ^ (Portuguese) Conservadores barram direito de adoção a casais gays
- ^ (Portuguese) Assambleia da República - Status of Bill 278/XII
- ^ (Portuguese) Assambleia da República - Status of Draft Resolution 857/XII
- ^ Tracy Wilkinson (22 December 2009). "Mexico City moves to legalize same-sex marriage". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 30 December 2009.
- ^ Tracy Wilkinson (29 December 2009). "Gay marriage closer to reality in Mexico". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 30 December 2009.
- ^ (Spanish) José Reyes (28 November 2011). "Adopción gay será posible en Coahuila". Vanguardia. Retrieved 14 February 2012.
- ^ Romero, Adam, Census Snapshot, Williams Institute, December 2007
- ^ Human Rights Campaign, State Adoption Laws. Retrieved 2007-09-27.
- ^ "ADOPTION ACT 1994 – SECT 39 Criteria for application". Austlii.edu.au. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ "Australian state votes for adoption by same-sex couples". The Hindu. Deutsche Presse-Agentur. 2 September 2010. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
- ^ a b c "Tasmanian Upper House passes gay adoption bill - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
- ^ "Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission". Humanrights.gov.au. Retrieved 2013-03-16.
- ^ Victorian Law Reform Commission – Current projects – Assisted Reproduction and Adoption – Final Report[dead link]
- ^ Davidson, Isaac (20 April 2013). "Marriage bill leaves a few inequalities to sort out". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
- ^ "Uruguay votes to allow gay adoptions". Melbourne Herald Sun. 28 August 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-27.
External links[edit]
This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. (August 2010) |
- New Family Social The organisation for LGBT adopters and foster carers in the UK.
- AICAN – Australian Intercountry Adoption Network
- National Center for Lesbian Rights – Information about the legal rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people and their families, including a legal information hotline
- Gay.com – Adoption and Parenting – News and Current Events pertaining to the rights and responsibilities of same-sex parents in adopting and parenting
- Family Pride Coalition – The only US-based national level non-profit organization solely dedicated to advocating for LGBT parents and their families
- Families Like Ours – Adoption resource center with a focus on same-sex parenting
- The Rockway Institute for LGBT research in the public interest at Alliant International University
- COLAGE (Children of Lesbians and Gays Everywhere)
- Canada.com "In the Family Way" – News story of gay and lesbian adoptive families, and the surrogate and donor family
- Families Like Mine
- Greenwood and Fink – all legal services for same sex adopting couples and more. – Providing a path to gay and lesbian adoption: all legal services, access to obstetric and pediatric medical services, accommodations, social services, concierge services and other resources.


text:
The Science Journal of the American Association for Respiratory Care
Background: Managing productivity is based on establishing time standards associated with the provision of treatment. UCSD has incorporated several alternative techniques to facilitate secretion clearance that include Flutter Valve, Intrapulmonary Percussion, and ThAIRapy Vest. Expert opinion was initially utilized to determine the duration of these procedures, as they were not included in the AARC Uniform Reporting Manual. To validate the actual time associated with the provision of these therapies, we utilized our point of care information system to capture and determine treatment duration for managing productivity.
Methods: The department information system was configured to include the procedures of Limited Chest PT, Comprehensive Chest PT, and the new alternative therapies. Treatments were then provided per department secretion clearance protocol in which the method of chest physiotherapy was determined. The duration of each treatment was captured by entry of start and stop times directly into the mobile workstation. Information was collected over a four-month period and data was analyzed to determine measures of central tendency.
Results: Duration times are reported in minutes for both mean and mode.
Procedure Name | # of Treatments | Mean | Mode |
Limited Chest PT | 2756 | 18.15 | 15 |
Comprehensive Chest PT | 30 | 32.12 | 30 |
Flutter Valve | 50 | 13.66 | 15 |
Intrapulmonary Percussion | 181 | 18.79 | 15 |
ThAIRapy Vest | 377 | 24.87 | 30 |
Discussion: There is significant variance in the time duration for the alternative methods of secretion clearance. Determination and refinement of time standards provides a means to assess staffing requirements based on the number and mix of these procedures. In addition, time standards will facilitate the determination of labor cost and the transition to less costly interventions when such therapy is effective in achieving the desired outcomes.

subset: commoncrawl


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Deluxe Room, 2 Queen Beds
Junior Suite (Executive)
One Bedroom Suite (Elite)
One Bedroom Suite (Elite 2 Queens)
In Midtown New York, near Central Park
A stay at San Carlos Hotel places you in the heart of New York, minutes from St. Patrick's Cathedral and Chrysler Building.
This 4-star hotel is close to Grand Central Terminal and Rockefeller Center.
Make yourself at home in one of the 147 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and LCD televisions. Pay movies and iPod docking stations are provided for your entertainment, while complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected. Bathrooms feature shower/tub combinations, makeup/shaving mirrors, and designer toiletries. Conveniences include safes and desks, as well as direct-dial phones with voice mail.
Take advantage of recreation opportunities such as a fitness center, or other amenities including complimentary wireless Internet access and concierge services.
Enjoy a meal at a restaurant, or stay in and take advantage of the hotel's room service (during limited hours). Quench your thirst with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge.
Featured amenities include a business center, audiovisual equipment, and currency exchange. Parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.
Hotel Amenities
- General
Located on Midtown's fashionable east side, The San Carlos Hotel is within six blocks of such iconic New York attractions as Rockefeller Center and Radio City Music Hall. The fashionable shops of Fifth and Madison avenues are less than two blocks away.
This boutique hotel offers a daily complimentary Continental breakfast in a room with fresh flowers on the tables. A business lounge provides workstations and complimentary wired and wireless Internet access.
The San Carlos also provides a fitness room, concierge services, an onsite restaurant with room service, and parking (surcharge) at an adjacent garage.
- 24-hour front desk
- Air-conditioned public areas
- ATM/banking
- Audiovisual equipment
- Business center
- Business services
- Complimentary newspapers in lobby
- Free breakfast
- Concierge services
- Doorman/doorwoman
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Elevator/lift
- Fitness facilities
- Laundry facilities
- Bar/lounge
- Currency exchange
- Luggage storage
- One meeting/conference room
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Medical assistance available
- Multilingual staff
- Number of floors - 18
- Total number of rooms - 147
- Parking (surcharge)
- Porter/bellhop
- Restaurant
- Room service (limited hours)
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Free Wi-Fi
- Internet
Available in all rooms: Free Wi-Fi
Available in some public areas: Free Wi-Fi
- Parking
Parking (surcharge)
- Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Bathrobes
- DVD player
- Blackout drapes/curtains
- Climate control
- Clock radio
- Coffee/tea maker
- Complimentary weekday newspaper
- Cribs/infant beds available
- Designer toiletries
- Desk
- Direct-dial phone
- Electronic/magnetic keys
- Extra towels/bedding in room
- Hair dryer
- Daily housekeeping
- Hypo-allergenic bedding available
- In-room safe
- Iron/ironing board
- Makeup/shaving mirror
- iPod docking station
- Microwave
- Minibar
- Multi-line phone
- Soundproofed rooms
- Pay movies
- Refrigerator
- Shower/tub combination
- Trouser press
- Turndown service
- Voice mail
- Wake-up calls
- Window opens
- Free Wi-Fi
- Dining
The San Carlos Hotel serves a daily complimentary Continental breakfast that includes breakfast breads, yogurts, fresh fruit, juices, and coffee.
Mint - Independently owned and operated restaurant located off the lobby. Indian and American cuisine. Lunch and dinner daily.
Room service - Available from early afternoon until late evening.
- Recreation
The San Carlos Hotel has a complimentary fitness room with treadmills, stationary bicycles, an elliptical trainer, and a strength-training machine. In addition, Pilates mats are supplied.
One block from the hotel is a full-service health club that offers yoga and Pilates classes, a swimming pool, and racquetball/squash courts. Rockefeller Center's skating rink, four blocks west, opens in winter.
Twelve blocks from this New York hotel, Central Park encompasses 843 acres of meadows, woods, cliffs, ravines, gardens, paths, and lakes. Popular walking and running routes include Central Park Drive (closed to traffic during scheduled hours), the path around the Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Reservoir, and the Ramble, which is also known for bird-watching. The Loeb Boathouse, on a 20-acre lake, offers rowboat and bicycle rentals. The Wollman Memorial Skating Rink has ice-skating in the winter and splendid views of the park and city year-round.
The recreational activities listed below are available on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golf - driving range nearby
- Golf - miniature nearby
- Golfing nearby
- Ice skating nearby
- Boating nearby
- Swimming nearby
- Rowing or canoeing nearby
- Aerobics nearby
- Racquetball/squash nearby
- Tennis nearby
- Pilates classes/instruction nearby
- Yoga classes/instruction nearby
- Running track/path nearby
- Basketball nearby
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Helicopter/airplane tours nearby
- Bird watching nearby
- Playground nearby
- Accessibility
To make requests for specific accessibility needs, complete the "Special or Accessibility Requests" section of "Trip Preferences" when you book your hotel.
- Accessible path of travel
- Accessible bathroom
- Roll-in shower
- In-room accessibility
- Accessibility equipment for the deaf
- Braille or raised signage
Policies & Fees
- Check-in
Minimum check-in age is 18
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out
Check-out time is noon
- Payment types
Accepted at this hotel: American Express American Express, Diners Club Diners Club, Discover Discover, MasterCard MasterCard, Visa Visa
- Pets
Pets not allowed
- General
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
- Fees
- The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check-in, or check-out.
- Valet parking fee: USD 30.00 per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
- Additional Details
Children 12 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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Some seat belt buckles may have a burr on a metal component of the locking mechanism. This could prevent the seat belt from locking under certain conditions. In the event of a crash, the seat occupant may not be properly restrained, increasing the risk of injury. Dealers will replace the affected seat belts. This recall is expected to begin on December 22, 2003. The Mercedes-Benz recall number is 2003 120006.
Car Recalls
Recalls are issued for cars with safety-related defects or problems
2004 Mercedes-Benz C240 recalls
One or More Seat Belts May Not Lock as Designed
Body, Interior & Misc., December 22, 2003


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Sunday, March 09, 2014
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COOPERSTOWN, N.Y. -- The Cooperstown School District is getting a major boost of support as they consider switching mascots.
The school has been known as the "Redskins" since the 1920s, but recognizing the offensive nature of the name, students in the combined middle and high school petitioned to have it changed. The move caught the eye of Oneida Indian Nation leaders, who are now offering to donate money to help pay for new jerseys that reflect the new team name.
Nation leaders say the students' actions deserve to be recognized.
"Their decision these kids have made to me, such an incredible decision that many of the professional owners, billionaires and millionaires of major league teams are either unable to make or refuse to make or admit, that sometimes some things that are offensive need to be addressed. Mutual respect is something that should not be controversial in our society," said Ray Halbritter, Oneida Indian Nation Representative.
The Cooperstown school board is seeking input from the community before it makes a final decision on a name change.


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Recently, I received a message about health and healing. The questions centered on healing from physical injury, support during surgery, and common practices in ancient Hellas in these types of situations both of the injured and their families. Seeing as most of us will most likely wat to request the healing aid of the Gods at one point in our lives, I though I would make a blog post out of it.
In ancient Hellas, people got sick just like we get sick now. With the poorer hygiene conditions and often heavy physical labor that was undertaken, epidemics one one illness or another must have been quite common, and accidents were prone to happen. As such, there were quite a number of deities who were especially prone to help humanity recover from diseases and injuries.
When we discuss health and healing, we must first look at the worship of Asklēpiós. Asklēpiós was, and is, a much beloved Theos. He started out being honored as a hero--the son of Apollon and Koronis--but became a God in His own right because of his healing skill. It seems Asklēpiós was such a fine healer, He could even bring the dead back to life, even though He is no longer permitted to do that. Apollon presides over the healing proccess as well--in general with the Hellenic deities, younger generations preside over the building blocks of the previous generation, so while Apollon has 'healing' in His portfolio, much of the actual healing is done by his younger son, and specific subsets of healing are distributed amongst Asklēpiós' daughters.
There are some things religious Pagans are not encouraged to talk about. Doubt is one of them. I believe that the Gods exist, that They are real entities, who rule over life and death, and who dictate the way we should behave through teachings found in mythology and ancient societies. I chose to follow the Hellenic Gods in Their teachings, not disregarding that there are other Gods, but recognizing my human shortcomings, I could never honor all of the Gods in the way They feel They are entitled to be worshipped. And so I leave the worship of the Norse Gods to the Asatruar, the worship of the Egyptian Gods to the Kemetics, etc. I have specialized, so to say, in the Hellenic Gods, but to me, all the Gods are real and worthy of respect.
I didn't grow up religious. My parents were raised in various denominations of Christianity, but they had both rejected it before I was even born. My parents do not disapprove of faith, but they discouraged it, regardless. I did not have an easy childhood, and by the time I was twelve, I was already searching for religion, longing to satisfy the need in myself I found to reach out to beings beyond my reach who could offer me something to hold on to. I investigated the common, major, religions and found them lacking. I can see the beauty in many of them now, but for my twelve year old self, they were passive and lacking in what I needed: structure, active Gods, and the focus on household worship.
I found Paganism and self-dedicated after a year and a day of reading and practicing. I was thirteen at the time, and while I did not believe in the God and Goddess I found int eh books, the concept drew me in enough to start performing the rites, to start celebreating the festivals and to find my peace there. It took me years until I truly believed in the Gods, at least four or five years of active practice. It wasn't something that happened overnight, but I did find myself looking back and thinking 'when did I start believing?'. For me, it wasn't a specific ritual, or a moment in time that cemented my faith. Once day, I realized that I believed, and that was that.
I agree that we have not become better. I believe that as long as we judge ourselves for practices that harm others and do not aut
I live in Greece and am Greek (citizen and in my heart) but the Greek pantheon as portrayed in the Greek myths (Hesiod, Homer, et.
Back in 2012, I wrote a long and detailed post about rape in ancient Hellenic mythology and culture that you might like to read. Y
Sannion, Chantelle d'Eros and myself just got back from checking out hotels for the Polytheist Leadership Conference and have decided to go with the Quality Inn in Fishkill, New York. They were clean and spacious and economical and most importantly we were impressed by the efficiency and friendliness of the staff. So we signed the contract and this thing is now officially a go!
The Polytheist Leadership Conference will take place Friday, July 11th through Sunday, July 13th – though we've made arrangements so that you can get the block room rate if you want to come in earlier on Thursday.
We'll begin on Friday at 3:00pm with an opening prayer to our collective dead and polytheist predecessors and then have a lecture and roundtable discussion with the rest of the evening devoted to socializing and networking.
We'll start at 10:00am on Saturday with a full day of workshops, lectures and roundtable discussions ending at 8:00pm. There'll be half hour breaks between each session and an extended lunch and dinner.
Sunday begins at 10:00am and has two sessions with a social lunch and then a closing ceremony at 3:00pm.
We've got the website for the Polytheist Leadership Conference up and running and are now accepting registrations.
...I love this time of year...though I could do without the single to negative digit temperatures. A lot of my traditions haven't changed from what I did as a child in a Roman Catholic household but I do have some additions. Below, in random order, I list some of my holiday traditions.
The last I wrote of Hēraklēs, our hero had successfully navigated Eurystheus' scheme of getting him killed by help of Artemis. Hēraklēs completed another labour, made Artemis happy, and saved the day. All was well in the world of Hēraklēs. At this point, Hēraklēs is aware he still has eight labours ahead of him: he completed three successfully, but the labour with the Lernaean Hydra was disqualified because he had accepted the help of his nephew and lover Iolaus. It was most certainly an unfair ruling, but nothing can be done about it: Hēraklēs must continue with his quest in hopes of cleansing himself of his crime.
The fourth labour is to capture the Erymanthian Boar, which got his name from the mountainside and swamp it roamed on. It seems Eurystheus realized that capturing something can be a lot more deadly than killing something, especially when that something is bigger and badder than any of its peers. That said, Hyginus in his Fabulae describes that the task was not to capture the boar, but to kill it, which Hēraklēs accomplished. As far as I am aware, though, he is the only one. Pausanias mentions the boar in his 'Description of Greece', saying:
"There is also a legend that Heracles at the command of Eurystheus hunted by the side of the Erymanthus a boar that surpassed all others in size and in strength. The people of Cumae among the Opici say that the boar's tusks dedicated in their sanctuary of Apollo are those of the Erymanthian boar, but the saying is altogether improbable." [8.24.5]
Recently, I read a blog post by Star Foster, whom I admire as a person and writer and whose blog will survive any culling of my blog reader for a long time to come. In this blog post, titled 'Being Human', she questions basic life lessons, including ethical living. From that blog post:
"I've been thinking a lot about the Precepts of Solon. So many of these maxims are subjective. What is good character? What is good? What is bad?"
Although the original blog post is in no way limited to this question, this is the part of the post that stuck with me and has been a thorn in my side for the last two days. Why? Because my first reaction was 'you just know', and that is never a satisfactory answer for me. So I have spent the last two days trying to figure out how 'I just know' when I am not displaying a good character, when I am not good, and when I do something bad. Because I do 'just know'.
Fantastic article. This has really made me think about my actions and words, and also how much we allow ourselves to get away with
I am happy to hear my article made you think. You are right about online communities and fading ethics. It is easy to lash out aga
Ms. Temperance, I know what's right. I've read a number of philiosophical treastises about ethics, and I embrace many of the anci
Yesterday I got an interesting question from a reader named Wendy, who has allowed me to print part of her e-mail and my response to her so as to accomodate others who might be struggling with this question. It went as follows:
i think being what i believe in is what i am wiccan and i in joy being what i am i believe in the power that i got in with the gro
I am a green witch and I study herbs and practice crastals and try to help ppl with there problems and ive been doing this for 5
This is a really great post, and so useful... I recently gathered some standing dead wood for the fire pit, and now we can put i
I want to apologize for the mothballs covering this blog. I've been keeping up with my personal blog, but somehow, PaganSquare fell off the radar for a while. It's been nearly a month and that is unacceptable to you, kind readers, and to myself as well, as that was not the deal I made with Anne when I took the opportunity to blog at PaganSquare. A lot has happened here while I was away dealing with a boatload of personal issues, and I have no opinion on that for now. Perhaps at a later date. All I want to say about it right now is that I have never felt attacked, unwelcome, or in any other way uncomfortable at posting here. I stick to my own subjects and because of that, I seem to stay clear of a lot of trouble. It works for me. I'm not here to argue, I am here to share information. Please, be sure that my absence had nothing to do with these issues. For now, I would like to post on the strong link between prayers and hymns in the ancient Hellenic religion and modern Hellenismos, with a promise to resume regular postings here.
Probably the best definition of 'prayer' I have ever happened upon was by William D. Fuley, who says: "prayers (and hymns) are attempts by men and women to communicate with gods by means of the voice". It is simple, elegant, and accurate. Especially in the ancient Hellenic religion, it was important to raise one's voice when hymns were sung, and especially so when prayers were made.
I am going to generalize here and say that a hymn was sung to the Theoi, with the aim to please the God in question. They have a beginning, middle, and end. The beginning contains two things: a note that the hymn is about to begin, and an announcement of whom the speaker/singer is addressing.
In part one of this two part series, I wrote about personal patronage in the ancient and modern context. Today, I want to talk about professional patronage (i.e. Apollon as the patron of the arts, and thus prayed to by artists). Personally, I think the only thing that professional patronage shares with the practice of personal patronage is its name--and we will get to that in a second.
The interesting thing is that none of the academic sources at my disposal make mention of this practice under the term 'patronage'. Patronage in the context of ancient Hellas seems to focus on the non-lineal bond between two people--a patron who took care of a client or slave in a material, financial, or emotional way. 'Patron' to mean the support, encouragement, or privilege that a deity bestows upon those practicing a profession or living in a city is a Christian term, which refers to patron saints. Patron saints are regarded as the tutelary spirits or heavenly advocates of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, clan, family, or person. Taking this description would give you, for example, Athena as the patron of Athens--but outside of Christianity, the proper term is 'tutelage'; a tutelary deity.
A tutelary, or tutelar, deity is 'a guardian, patron, or protector of a particular place, geographic feature, person, lineage, nation, culture or occupation'. Both tutelary and tutelar can be used as either a noun or an adjective. As such, Athena is the tutelary Goddess of Athens, or the tutelar of Athens--but because we are so used to 'patron(ess)', 'tutelar' does not have quite the same ring to it.
This doesn't sound right to me. When I look at Catullus' "Carmina" in his first poem he addresses "patrona virgo" specifically in
Thank you that is a helpful distinction.
I think I will use the term 'tutelage' from now on, as the commonly-used modern Pagan term "Patronage" really does not seem to app
Patronage is a pretty big thing in Paganism these days. I frequently a few Neo-Pagan places, and one of the most ask newbie questions is: 'How do I find out who my patron is?", or a variation thereof. There is nothing wrong with this; modern patronage is a thing, and I have experienced it myself. The interesting change in the last few years seems to be that patronage used to be the exception, now it is the rule. Any person new to Paganism feels they are doing something wrong if there isn't a God or Goddess tapping them on the shoulder right away.
modern patronage, in this context, is the support or encouragement of a patron, where the patron or patroness (and we will get to that) is a divine being. In these relationships, the active party is often the deity in question, who claims the passive human. Some will describe a sense of 'being owned' by their patron. The human becomes a conduit for the work and will of the patron in question, and is required to spend large portions of their lives in active service to that deity. The bond between deity and human is personal. This is what having two patrons meant for me when I was growing up (because They were there long before I discovered Paganism), and this is what the word meant when I first joined the (online) Pagan community. These days, the first part still applies; humans are approached by deities and receive their help. I see less and less of the latter part, unfortunately, and while I think patronage is a beautiful practice, it seems time for a general discussion and some ancient Hellenic examples of why the modern concept of patronage does not apply to Hellenismos.
The concept of patronage in Hellenismos was described to me pretty much as you laid it out, but my teacher reasoned out an explana
Like I aid, I am not against the practice at all, and yes, the Gods find ways to reinvent Themselves to the needs of Their modern
I don't have a modern patron-type relationship with the Theoi, either. Thanks for sharing your thoughts.
Hekate is extremely important to me in my household worship. Like some of the early ancient Hellenes, I view Hekate as Hesiod's Hekate, the single-faced Titan, who rules in heaven, on the earth, and in the sea. She is a Theia of childbirth--to both animals and humans--and it is She who bestows wealth on mortals, victory, wisdom, good luck to sailors and hunters, and prosperity to youth and to the flocks of cattle. Yet, if mortals do not deserve Her gifts, she can withhold them from them just as easily. After the Titanomachy, Zeus bestowed upon Her the highest of honors. This is the Goddess I honor daily during my nighttime rites, but I do integrate some later practices and thoughts about Her; including Her role as protector of the house and 'crossroad Goddess'.
Personally, when I hear 'crossroad Goddess', I think Supernatural's crossroad's demon. I think it's exactly this modern view of supernatural forces at crossroads that makes it difficult to understand Hekate's role as a Goddess of crossroads. I therefor don't use the tem 'crossroad Goddess', because it is somewhat deceiving; Her imagery would have stood at crossroads, and offerings were left there for safe travel, but the crossroads Hekate was most valued for protecting was the crossroads leading from the street to the home; a 'T'-shaped crossroads where Hekate ever vigilantly watches over the threshold.
Hail, My wife and I are starting to work with Hekate especially on the New Moon. Are there any books or other resources that you
Khaire Tannim, It's wonderful to hear you and your wife feel called to worship Hekate. I would suggest watching this video of a c
Praise be to Hekate! As a Platonist, I honor Her as the World Soul. Home is a haven from an uncertain and sometimes dangerous w
When we last caught up with Hēraklēs, he had just completed his second labour: to slay the Lernaean Hydra. What his next labour is, depends on the ancient writer you read. Hyginus, for example, remarks that he slew the Erymantian Boar first, while I use the commonly accepted sequence set out by Apollodorus. Speaking of Apollodorus: He has only a few words to spare for this third labour:
"As a third labour he [Eurystheus] ordered him to bring the Cerynitian hind alive to Mycenae. Now the hind was at Oenoe; it had golden horns and was sacred to Artemis; so wishing neither to kill nor wound it, Hercules hunted it a whole year. But when, weary with the chase, the beast took refuge on the mountain called Artemisius, and thence passed to the river Ladon, Hercules shot it just as it was about to cross the stream, and catching it put it on his shoulders and hastened through Arcadia. But Artemis with Apollo met him, and would have wrested the hind from him, and rebuked him for attempting to kill her sacred animal.Howbeit, by pleading necessity and laying the blame on Eurystheus, he appeased the anger of the goddess and carried the beast alive to Mycenae." [2.5.3]
Divination is a gift from the Gods, a way to contact the Gods directly through oracles and seers. It was something heavily relied upon in ancient Hellas, and in its mythology: many war, quests, and epics started with a visit to Delphi. Especially in Hómēros, divination by way of birds features heavily, and it has had my interest for a long while. Almost a year ago, I wrote about oiônoskopos for the Pagan Blog Project, in a post about oracles, seers and divination, and from that point on, I've been teaching the art to myself. Today, I would like to share what I have discovered.
Oiônoskopos, like many of the divinatory practices, was considered a 'technical' or 'learned' art, opposed by 'natural' or 'unlearned' types of divination. Typically, natural divination was understood to include dreams and the reading of utterances of others or yourself, and to be the older and more reliable form of divination as these types were communicated more directly by the Gods. Aristotle and the Peripatetic philosophers found value only in natural divination. Technical means of divination was everything else; anything that depended on acquired human skills, such as the reading of entrails, the behavior of birds, or birthmarks. Most form of divination, called 'mantikē', playwright Aeschylus states in 'Prometheus Bound', were taught to us by Prometheus himself:
"And I marked out many ways by which they might read the future, and among dreams I first discerned which are destined to come true; and voices baffling interpretation I explained to them, and signs from chance meetings. The flight of crook-taloned birds I distinguished clearly—which by nature are auspicious, which sinister—their various modes of life, their mutual feuds and loves, and their consorting's; and the smoothness of their entrails, and what color the gall must have to please the gods, also the speckled symmetry of the liver-lobe; and the thigh-bones, wrapped in fat, and the long chine I burned and initiated mankind into an occult art. Also I cleared their vision to discern signs from flames, which were obscure before this." [477]
Hellenic mythology is not known for being overtly subtle about its lessons, but very few are so apparently obvious about it as the myth about Niobe and her children. It is a story most of us know: Niobe, Queen of Thebes, daughter of Tantalos, gave birth to fourteen children, and boasted that she was far superior to Leto, mother to Apollon and Artemis, because Leto had only given birth to two children, and she to fourteen. Rushing to their mother's defense, Apollon and Artemis struck down the children of the Queen in a rain of arrows, and when her husband, Amphion, stood by his wife, Apollon killed him too. So great was Niobe's sorrow that she turned to stone, and the weeping rock still stands at the foot of Mount Siphylus. The retribution is depicted below, on the Niobic krater.
It's time for a new constellation, and this one is entirely dedicated to two brothers. While there are many twins in Hellenic mythology--Artemis/Apollon, Iphikles/Hēraklēs, Amphion/Zethos, etc., this constellation is almost solely connected to one set of them: Kastor and Polideukes. In fact, the main stars of the constellation are named after them.
My apologies that it has been quite a while since last posted a blog here on PaganSquare. I have been posting daily on my blog, but I have also been very busy with gradating and securing a job. The first part has been completed successfully, and the second part is well underway, so it's time to resume posting here.
today, I want to talk about the mēria (μηρια), a very specific portion of an animal sacrifice which was given to the Theoi in ancient Hellas. This portion consists of both of the animal's thigh bones in their fat, which was placed on the altar, sprinkled with a liquid libation and incense, and then burned. The scented smoke was said to sustain and please the Theoi, and the sacrificial smoke also carried the prayers of the worshippers to Them. The mēria is a very specific portion, and today, we will discuss how it came to be so, and how it related to actual sacrifice.
Oh, Kevin Sorbo, you hot Norwegian-blooded Minnesotan human pec monster, you gave me much fap fodder during my teens.
Which reminds me: The series, Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and Xena: Warrior Princess did mythology wrong, so very wrong. They did ancient Greece even more wrong. They gave a more unflattering image of the gods than even Homer, but you know what else? They're something I genuinely enjoy watching.
I've noticed, since becoming a traditional, devotional polytheist, the term "guilty pleasure" has taken on a whole new meaning. It doesn't just encompass Ed Wood films or Emma Bunton records, things that are apparently unaware of how awful they are, and more importantly, unlike, say, the film Zardoz or records by Yoko Ono, have no redeemable artistic merit. No, "guilty pleasure" has also come to include campy films and television, that are seemingly aware of what's wrong with it --like Hercules and Xena-- and even media that is artistically valuable on some level --like the cinematography of 300, or even the comic it was based on, both of which are just stunning in their apparent goals of updating the Greek vase look for their respective medium-- but is generally panned by my religious community because of either its mythological or historical failures, or just because it gives a piss poor portrayal of beloved deities.
...It's time for another constellation, and we are moving on to one of the larger ones: the sixth largest of Ptolemy's constellations, in fact. This one represents something that definitely exists: the Po river in northern Italy, or the Istros of Hungry, which was located in the mythical northern land of Hyperborea. The ancient Hellenes called the river 'Eridanos', and that's the name of the constellation as well.
We pick up this third part of the Labours series with the second labour Hēraklēs has to complete: slay the nine-headed Lernaean Hydra. The funny thing about this hydra is that no one is really sure how many heads it actually has. The generally accepted number is nine, but ten, or even a hundred are also mentioned. It's also unclear if there was only one head that was supposed to be immortal (as per Apollodorus) or if the creature itself was immortal. The sequence of events, however, is quite clear.
Oh guys, you know I love you, right? Yesterday I got not one but two e-mail from readers. One was a very sweet note abut the quality of the blog and how much they like reading it, the other was a very simple question, and I really appreciate that the reader (who has opted to remain anonymous) was comfortable enough with me to ask it. The message reads:


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Manor Theatre
1729 Murray Avenue,
4 people favorited this theater
The Manor Theatre was opened prior to 1931. By 2011, this was the only remaining neighborhood theatre still open in the Squirrel Hill section of Pittsburgh. Usually runs national indie releases, as well as some top box office movies.
Recent comments (view all 17 comments)
This theater is right around the corner from my house. I love it! Not only can I walk to it, they play "national indie" films that I like.
Unless the facade was remodeled into this style, I believe it should be a "Tudor".
A 1937 photo of the Manor can be found here View link
It looks like it's always had the Tudor style. Maybe Cinema Treasures can update this page to reflect that?
The Manor was mentioned as a Warner Bros. house in Motion Picture Times of May 5, 1931.
Boxoffice of February 8, 1965, reported: "The remodeled Manor Theatre, now a SW art house, has 1024 seats, inside ticket desk, 50-foot wall-to-wall screen, modern sound and projection, large lounge area, deep pile carpeting, plus new decorations, etc…." An item from February 1 had said that the Manor seated 884 on the main floor and 140 in the balcony.
The Stanley Warner circuit also operated the nearby Squirrel Hill Theatre, which had long been an art house. The Guild Theatre also operated as an art house at times during this period. Squirrel Hill must have been an arty neighborhood in those days.
Cinemagic closed the nearby Squirrel Hill. I hope they keep the Manor open. They show movies here that AMC won't.
The Manor was predominantly a roadshow house back in the late 60s/early 70s: lots of UA stuff like "Fiddler on the Roof," "Last Tango" and "Man of La Mancha." When roadshow-style movies fell out of fashion, they experienced an identity crisis and struggled to remain in business.
It's a miracle the theater still exists—albeit in a (sadly) tacky contempo version.
Apparently they've been doing some renovations to the Manor. Plus they're going to have a horror film festival for October.
Also the new website is www.manorpgh.com
I take my 2010 comment back. The Manor has been recently (and beautifully) renovated, and is now Squirrel Hill's crown jewel. Sadly, it's also the only theater in the area now that the Squirrel Hill theater down the street has closed.
The Manor Theatre has indeed been wonderfully remodeled. The theater features upgraded seating and a full bar next to the concession stand.
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Abaco Bungalow Waterfront Condo with Gorgeous Views in Bahamas
- bedrooms 2
- baths 1½
- sleeps 5
- pool yes
- hot tub no
- pets allowed no
- type Condo
- community Treasure Cay
rates (USD)
/ night
$ 925 - $ 1,100 / week
vacation rental description
This marina-side condo is conveniently located in the heart of
Treasure Cay, Abaco in the beautiful Bahamas. The island has one of
the 10 most beautiful beaches in the world as noted in National
Geograpic Magazine. Along with being restfull you can
enjoy snorkeling, diving, boating, island hopping, golf course, tennis, and many other water activities just outside your door in centrally located condo.
This condo complex is located on the marina....and a few steps to
the beautiful beach. The condo has two nicely decorated bedrooms.
The master bedroom contains a queen size bed and TV with cable, and the
second bedroom has a king size bed which can be converted to two twin beds. Both bedrooms are very cozy and comfortable. This island get-a-way also has a newly remodeled, fully equipped kitchen with ceramic tile floors. The dining room is adjacent to kitchen and the table seats six. Both of the bathrooms are also newly remodeled. The open living room contains a glass patio door that allows for sunlight and a gorgeous view of the water. It is especially beautiful to watch the sunset and then the lights twinkling on the water at night from anywhere in the main living area or sitting on the patio.
The complex provides Free wi-fi , Free purified water, the Best and largest Heated swimming pool on the island, free laundry facilities, RO water system, repaved tennis courts, work out room and lovely gardens with grills and picnic tables. It is really one of the best equipped complexes on the island. There is also and an onsite manager.
property availability
Last modified on 02-26-2014 at 6:46 AM.
email owner view full calendar
Elaine K. Conley 937-372-3341
condo rental amenities
There are daily direct flights from Miami and Ft Lauderdale with
connections to anywhere in the country right into an airport in
Treasure Cay (TCB) or a short cab ride to Marsh Harbour (MHH). It
is a 10 minute taxi drive to the condo, where you
find yourself in a Bahamian paradise, a world away from stressful
work schedules, and traffic hassles. The main form of transportation
here is walking, biking, or riding a golf cart.
This condo is in the most centrally located spot and close to a
great many activities. Just walk out the back door and you are at
the full service Marina. The Marina boasts 150 slips for boats
up to 140 feet. You can either rent your own boat, take anexcursion
on the marina's ferry, or just stay at the marina and enjoy a view
of grand yachts. The Marina also has its own pool, and a large
outside bar with live entertainment and events on certain nights-ex:
pizza night. There is even a drive in theatre (golf carts or lawn chairs only) that has newer movies for viewing.
There are also 3 or 4 restaurants in the area. One, Spinnaker, is
outside the back door and has daily open air breakfast overlooking
the marina and delicious lunch and dinner menus. There is also an
excellent and friendly bakery and cafe within walking distance that will serve
you a treat or even a evening meal take out, if ordered in advance.
Also, you are conveniently located near a shopping strip were you
can find food and fun. It contains a grocery store, convenience
store, liquor store, car rental, bicycle rental, and golf cart
rental, bank with ATM, and post office. There is also a very nice
boutique with fine jewelry, clothing and hair braiding.
There is also a wonderful golf course located on the island. The
Dick Wilson designed course is 18 holes of great entertainment.
Of course, one of the very best features of the location is the
crescent shaped beach where you can spend hours just lying on the sand or playing volleyball at the "Coco Bar" which serves great food. The also have
certain evening "doins" such as the "Western Barbecue Night" with
great steaks, burgers, chicken, grouper, ribs and pulled pork. All of this located directly on one of the 10 most beautiful beaches in the world with the most crystal clear water imaginable. You have to see it to believe it!
The local Bahamian people are truly happy to see you and are very
warm and welcoming. They are sincere and kind people who want you to
enjoy your stay and will try hard to accomodate your wishes. You
will find yourself feeling at home in no time.
activities and attractions in Bahamas Caribbean
There many different fun and exciting things to do on the island.
You can relax on a 3 1/2 mile beach, just about 150 yards away, that
was rated one of the 10 most beautiful beaches in the word or go to
one of the other equally nice beaches. Rent bikes and go exploring,
snorkel any of the many nearby reefs/ some you can access from the beach.
You could also rent your own
boat and visit many of the different cays located around Treasure
Cay. Don't forget that you can dock the boat right outside the
condo. There are several ferries that go to the surrounding islands
that are very quaint old English fishing villages, with narrow steets
and small clap board houses. These islands are a joy to explore.
They have there own wonderful beaches where you can take a picnic
lunch, go fishing, snorkeling/diving or just visit the local shops. These can
be explored on foot or rent a bike. On Sunday's just outside your
back door the ferry leaves for Guayana Cay and internationally known
Nippers bar for their pig roast. Enjoy your lunch and drinks
directly above the beach with a view of the coral reef. Remember to
bring your snorkeling gear to use after lunch directly off the beach.
Golfing is another activity available near the condo. The course
was rated the "#1 golf course in the Bahamas", Golf Digest (June
You may also wish to charter your own boat for a day of fishing
and fun. Diving and snorkeling are also an option located at
the marina. There are a couple different certified dive shops in the
area. If you don't feel like leaving the condo complex you can
always enjoy the wonderful pool and tennis courts.
vacation rental rates
$150.00 per night
$925.00 per week, except Dec15th to Jan 1st, $1100.00
There is an additional $75.00 one time charge for cleaning.
Required deposit of 1/2 of your rent will hold your dates. This
deposit will be posted toward your total cost.
10% Bahama Hotel Tax
Monthly rates: Seasonal
Terms and conditions- We will hold the dates of your trip for 7
days awaiting receipt of 1/2 of the rent as a deposit to be applied to the total due. The balance will be due 60 days prior to your arrival date. If notified within 30 days of reservation of cancellation you may have your deposit returned. If cancelled within 30 days a refund will be issued if rerented. The cleaning fee is paid at the time of booking to owner.
Elaine K. Conley 937-372-3341
accepted payment methods
Prior to paying a reservation deposit, always verify payment instructions by calling the phone number displayed on this listing page. By contacting the owner directly and paying by an approved method - credit card, paypal, check or bank transfer - your reservation payment will be protected up to $1,000.
Learn more in our Security CenterTop things to do in Bahamas
- Beaches
- Rest and Relaxation in Paradise
- Boating
- Fishing
- World Class Snorkeling/Diving
Top things to do on a budget
- Beaches
- Rest and Relaxation in Paradise
- Fishing
- Swimming in Pool or at Beach
- Snorkeling
Top things to do with a family
- Beaches
- Fishing
- Swimming in Pool or at Beach
- Exploring
Elaine K. Conley , owner


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US burger chain to open outlets in SaudiSteak 'n Shake, a leading burger chain, has signed a deal with AB Holdings, a Saudi-based multi-industry company, to open restaurants in the kingdom, as part of its global expansion strategy. Together with AB Holding, Steak More… |
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US fashion brand announces Gulf forayTory Burch, a luxury American lifestyle brand, said it has inked a partnership deal with top regional distributor and retailer Chalhoub Group to open its outlets in the Gulf region. As per the agreement, Chalhoub Group will hold the exclus More… |
Foodmark to invest $68m in 100 new outletsFoodmark, the food and beverage arm of leisure and retail giant the Landmark Group, plans to have 100 restaurants under its portfolio by 2015 with an investment of more than Dh250 million ($68 million). Having opened six new outlets in the More… |
BurgerFuel to open 2 new outlets in DubaiBurgerFuel Worldwide, the owner of the New Zealand's chain of BurgerFuel restaurants, is set to open two new outlets in Dubai. The Dubai Mall and Mirdif City Centre new stores will open their doors to customers by July and September respec More… |
BinSina plans 40 outlets in UAE by year-endDubai-based BinSina Pharmacy Group, which manages more than 200 international brands in the Middle East, will have network of 40 outlets in the UAE by the end of 2011, said a top official. "This represents a growth of 30 per cent over 2010 More… |
Festival Centre opens 30 new outletsFestival Centre, the urban retail resort at Dubai Festival City, opened more than 30 new outlets during the past four months. The award winning retail resort has added 71,977 sq ft of lettable floor space with a strategy focusing on securi More… |
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Photo: Brand X Pictures/Thinkstock "I'm thinking about having a baby, but I'm concerned that I'm too heavy. Should I be worried?"
The Mommy Docs' answer to this question is an unfortunate, yet definite, yes. Losing weight is hard, but getting to a healthy weight is one of the best things you can do for yourself and your baby. You've heard the staggering statistics: Only about one-third of American women are of a normal weight, while one-third are overweight (meaning they have with a body-mass index, or BMI, of 25 to 30) and one-third are obese (with a BMI greater than 30). With so many women carrying extra pounds, our perception of normal weight has been so dramatically skewed that many health providers don't even notice when a woman is overweight. This carries many increased risks.
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Pastors are often the first line of defense when it comes to hearing about a person's struggles. While pastors and the church are very helpful in many areas, they can often feel overwhelmed or ill equipped to help with some types of problems that seem very complex or have some physical components to them. That's when they need to make a referral.
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GEM is now at the Corte Madera Town Center Farmers Market 12 noon-5 pm every Wednesday! See our flyer here.
Please support a San Rafael landmark, Bogie's Cafe! In 2012 they hosted a Christmas Day fundraiser where 100% of the proceeds were donated to ICS. That's the spirit of giving! Open M-F 7:00 am - 2:30 pm and S-S 8:00 am - 2:30 pm 48 N San Pedro Rd, across from the Marin Civic Center www.bogiescafemarin.com
Our Mission is to provide a wide range of community-based services for individuals with disabilities in the areas of employment, housing, recreation, information, and referral.
Blue Jean Ball '14 Fundraiser is at 5 pm on Saturday, May 3rd '14 at the San Rafael JCC Support ICS:
Integrated Community Services (ICS) is a distinguished non-profit agency providing solutions to the critical needs of individuals with disabilities.
Our mission at ICS is to create specially designed programs that promote self-sufficiency and address the diverse and unique needs of this population.
We believe that people with disabilities can live rich, independent lives when provided with encouragement and practical support in the areas of employment and independent living skills.
Our executive staff has advanced degrees in the specialized field of rehabilitation counseling.
With over 30 years combined experience, our expertise has been called upon by community, county, and state government agencies.
Click to connect to ICS Facebook pages for: 1. Our GEM Program
2. The Blue Jean Ball
"Hi Donna,
Thank you so much for your help. I cannot express enough my appreciation for you having Lisa provide some support. I was feeling quite hopeless because I didn't know where else to turn...
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"We are immensely proud of Chris' many accomplishments and role of his incredible ICS support team. We are humbled by the dedication, individual attention, compassion, patience and encouragement given to Chris by every member of ICS.
But I just wanted to make sure you know that Chris is not the only beneficiary of ICS' services. Since you became his day in and day out support team, my husband and I have been given a whole new life. Words cannot describe the feeling of having free time to ourselves, not worrying about and scrambling to deal with all of Chris' day-to-day work and home-life needs, and even not having to schedule doctor's appointments. Your services have been therapeutic for us as well in so many ways. Thank you for being guardian angels for our whole family."
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Horses. Breeds and breeding. Cutting horses Cutting horse training. Part 2 Quarter Horse Journal v.14#8 May 1962 P 34,35,40,116,117 Training the cutting horse. Hoofs and Horns v.35 #11 My 1966 p.6 Oxbow Ranch in Oregon is developing reputation as out- standing cutting horse brood mare breeder. Western Horseman v.49 #5 My 1984 p.79- 82
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