text:
Silver Line (Washington Metro)
The Silver Line, also called the Dulles Corridor Metrorail Project,[1] is an extension of the Washington Metro rapid transit system, currently under construction with the goal of providing rapid transit service to Dulles International Airport and Tysons Corner. The line consists of 34 stations (11 new) from Route 772 in Loudoun County, Virginia, to Largo Town Center in Largo, Maryland, US. The current plan calls for stations in Loudoun, Fairfax, and Arlington counties in Virginia, the District of Columbia and Prince George's County, Maryland. Five stations will be shared with the Orange Line alone, thirteen with both the Orange and Blue Lines from Rosslyn to Stadium–Armory, and five stations shared with the Blue Line to both lines' eastern terminus at Largo Town Center.
The line will be 28 miles (45 km) long and is estimated to cost up to $6.8 billion. In 2008, the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) started building new track in Fairfax County, Virginia. The sections in Arlington, Virginia, and Washington, D.C., are to be shared with the Orange and Blue Lines, which were completed in the 1970s and 1980s. The line will open in two phases with 11.6 miles (18.7 km) of Phase 1 service to the Wiehle – Reston East station to open possibly by spring 2014[2][3] and an additional 11.5 miles (18.5 km) of Phase 2 service to the airport and Loudoun County in 2018.[4][5][6] The Silver Line is the largest expansion project by route mileage since the inception of the Washington Metro in 1976.[7][8]
The Silver Line has two primary goals. The first is to link Washington, D.C. by rail to Washington Dulles International Airport and the edge cities of Tysons Corner, Reston, Herndon, and Ashburn. The second is to spur urban development in Tysons Corner and reduce overall reliance on highway traffic in the business district, Virginia's largest and the 12th-largest in the country. The district's area is comparable in size to downtown Washington, D.C., but is rather insulated from its surrounding neighborhoods and has no existing grid pattern in its streets.
The Silver Line would also improve public access to the Udvar-Hazy Center, an annex of National Air and Space Museum located near Dulles Airport; Virginia Regional Transit currently runs a shuttle bus from the airport to Udvar-Hazy.[9]
The pre-existing portions of the Silver Line opened on July 1, 1977 from Stadium-Armory to Rosslyn, and on December 11, 1979 from Rosslyn to Ballston, and East Falls Church opened on June 7, 1986. Unlike all prior segments of the Metrorail system, which were designed and constructed by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), this line will be designed and constructed by the MWAA and operated by WMATA. The first phase of the project is funded 43% by $900 million of federal funding, 28% by a special tax district on commercial property proximate to the Silver Line route, and 28% by a $0.50 toll increase on the Dulles Toll Road.[10] Funding for the second phase of the project will be shared by Loudoun County, Fairfax County, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority.[10]
While the Silver Line was originally planned to terminate at Stadium-Armory, it will instead do so at Largo Town Center because Stadium-Armory's pocket track is too short for trains to turn around.[11] It follows the Blue and Orange Line tracks through DC, continuing through Arlington along the Orange Line and branching off immediately east of the West Falls Church station. The new track runs in the median of the Dulles Connector Road until an elevated bridge takes it over Virginia Route 123. Two elevated stops along the west side of Route 123 serve the national headquarters of CapitalOne, SAIC, and two enclosed Tysons Corner shopping malls. The track then enters a tunnel which emerges in the median of Virginia Route 7. Two elevated stations above Route 7 serve the western section of Tysons Corner. The elevated track then swings into the median of the Dulles Access Road until it reaches the airport. Along the way, four or possibly five new stations would be built with platforms in the median of the access road and a faregate and pedestrian bridges to parking areas elevated above the highway. In anticipation of the Herndon station being built, in 1999 Fairfax County constructed a 1,750-space parking garage with ramps to the Dulles Access Road toll lanes, and this facility is being used for bus commuters on an interim basis. The garage has drawn criticism because of alleged construction flaws.[12] As currently planned, upon reaching the airport the track will enter a tunnel which will follow the path of the arrivals driveway of the airport terminal to a station located close to the terminal. The track would leave the tunnel near the airport hotel and economy parking lots and would head north parallel to the main runways. A storage yard and maintenance facility would branch off to the west occupying the airport's buffer zone north of the end of its major runways. The final two stops would be in the median of the Dulles Greenway, serving the Ashburn suburb.[13] Hence, the line is expected to draw both airport traffic and commuters from the far western suburbs of Washington, DC. Buses currently provide these users with limited public transportation. In contrast, the Silver Line is expected to provide trains once every six minutes during rush hours and once every fourteen minutes during non-rush hours.[14]
Sixty-four of Metro's new 7000 series cars have been ordered for Silver Line service.[15] The contract was signed on July 2, 2010 for 428 cars.[16] Each car is expected to cost $3 million.[15]
The federal government, which owned and operated Dulles Airport before Congress created the MWAA, built the Dulles Access Road in the 1960s to connect the airport to Washington by way of Interstate 66. As the access road was built, the government opted to reserve the median of the road for some form of rail transit,[17] and the nearby West Falls Church station was designed so that the line could eventually be extended in this direction.[18]
In 1995, the Virginia General Assembly authorized the Commonwealth Transportation Board (CTB) to provide for "additional improvements to the Dulles Toll Road and Dulles Access Road corridor... including, but not limited to, mass transit, including rail, and capacity-enhancing treatments... from surplus net revenues of the Dulles Toll Road".[19]
In 1998, Raytheon Engineers and Constructors proposed to build and operate a Dulles Corridor Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system.[4] In January 1999, The Tysons-Dulles Corridor Group (which included Bechtel Corporation and West*Group) offered a competing BRT proposal that would ultimately extend the rail line to Route 772.[4] These proposals prompted the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) to evaluate the merits of BRT and heavy rail public transit in the corridor.
Local residents and officials had talked of a Metro extension to Dulles since the Washington Metro began service in 1976,[4] but significant planning did not begin until 2000. The Dulles Corridor Rapid Transit Project "scoping" process began in April 2000 with a series of meetings with local and federal officials, designed to collect the necessary authorities for the project. Local and federal law required extensive Analysis of Alternatives – the two most likely being bus lanes or inaction – and of the environmental impact. The rail-only line won over the other alternatives. Initial environmental hearings, which closed on August 28, 2002, were positive. The project received formal approval on June 10, 2004.[4]
In February 2005, the CTB approved a 50 cent increase in the Dulles Toll Road toll rates, effective May 22, 2005, and "reaffirm[ed] that no less than 85 percent of existing surplus Dulles Toll Road net revenues shall be dedicated for mass transit and rail in the [Dulles] Corrdor" and provided "that all additional toll revenue generated from the May 22, 2005 toll adjustment shall be dedicated to the [Metrorail] Project." Between July 1, 2003, and November 1, 2008, when the toll road was transferred to MWAA, over $138 million in net surplus toll revenue (together with accumulated interest) was provided to MWAA for the Silver Line project.[20]
The contractor reported to MWAA on February 7, 2014, that construction was complete. MWAA will have fifteen days to review the documentation and decide whether it agrees. WMATA will participate. If WMATA accepts the project, a 90 day period of testing and training will follow. WMATA has not announced a date for passenger service.[2]
Tysons Corner tunnel dispute[edit]
Early plans called for a tunnel running from before the McLean station to beyond the Spring Hill station, with all four stations in between being below ground. When the contractor hired to design the Silver Line – a consortium of Bechtel and Washington Group International – found the costs to be too high, the design was changed to use a short tunnel, running only between the Tysons Corner and Greensboro stations (underneath higher ground) with all four stations being at or above ground.[21] In March 2006, the contractor was ordered to examine an alternative "large bore" tunnel digging technique (successfully used in Europe) with the potential to lower costs of a tunnel through the entire Tysons section. The contractor found that there would not be a significant cost reduction and proposed staying with the short tunnel option.[22]
After allegations that the design contractor had inflated costs for the tunnel in order to avoid sharing the job with an outside tunneling contractor, the long tunnel concept was revived in April 2006. The allegations led to calls for an outside cost estimate to determine more realistic tunnel costs.[23] On May 15, 2006, Virginia Transportation Secretary Pierce R. Homer announced the creation of an advisory panel headed by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The panel had about two months to evaluate options for completing the line through Tysons Corner,[24] with the results presented to the state on July 27, 2006[25] and published on July 31, 2006.[26]
On September 6, 2006, Virginia Governor Tim Kaine announced his decision in favor of an elevated track through Tysons Corner. In his statement, Kaine said he believed a tunnel would be the best option, but decided against it, citing a fear of losing federal funding for the project.[27]
Shortly after Governor Kaine's decision, the Greater McLean Chamber of Commerce formed a coalition of tunnel supporters, called Tysons Tunnel, Inc., and put forth a technical proposal to help revive consideration of building a tunnel through Tysons Corner.[28] The Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation hired an independent consultant to assess the coalition's proposal. However, the consultant's report – sent to Secretary Homer on March 7, 2007 stated that "[t]here is a significant risk that the project cost of a Large Bore Tunnel would not meet the Federal Transit Administration's (FTA's) cost-effectiveness ratio criteria, which could compromise federal funding for the project".[29][30]
On November 26, 2007, Tysons Tunnel, Inc. filed a lawsuit against the United States Department of Transportation and the FTA in the Eastern District of Virginia challenging the denial of their petition to reopen and consider additional evidence regarding the benefits of a tunnel over the aerial option. Gary Baise, the Republican challenger to Gerry Connolly's Fairfax County Board of Supervisors Chairmanship, represented Tysons Tunnel.[31] By 2010, Tysons Tunnel, Inc. ceased operations.[32]
Start of construction was delayed as approval of the $900 million federal contribution to project costs awaited the conclusion of FTA's review of the proposal submitted by Virginia. Virginia government representatives, including Governor Tim Kaine and U.S. Senators John Warner and Jim Webb, arrived at the FTA on January 24, 2008 to address last minute concerns by FTA staff and administrators. FTA Administrator James Simpson presented Governor Kaine with a letter that contained stark criticisms of the project as presented. The project as presented was given a "medium–low" rating (projects must receive a "medium" or higher rating to be approved under the Federal New Starts Funds project) and determined ineligible to receive the $900 million in federal funding. FTA's concerns included the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority's inexperience in large design-build contracts, an exaggeration of funding numbers from the Dulles Toll Road, and an inability for Metro to maintain the 23-mile (37 km) line once it had been built. Virginia leaders vowed to address the concerns by January 28, 2008, as several fixed price contracts for building materials costs were due to expire on February 1,.[33][34] Governor Kaine requested an extension of the deadline to February 1, which was granted by the FTA.[35]
On April 30, 2008, the FTA reversed the earlier decision and approved the above-ground project, saying that it met standards for cost efficiency, construction, and ridership, moving it closer to receiving the $900 million in federal funding. Officials told The Washington Post that the project would move into the final design stage.[36] The FTA approved funding for the project on December 4, 2008.[37]
On March 10, 2009, U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood signed the formal agreement that awarded the $900 million promised by the federal government for construction of the Silver Line, with major construction expected to begin in several weeks. Utility relocation work had been underway in Tysons Corner since mid-2008.[38]
Construction begins[edit]
Although construction was planned to begin in 2005, the delays in approval of funding pushed back the start date. To facilitate Silver Line construction, responsibility for the project was transferred on November 1, 2008, from the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) to the MWAA. Utility relocation work began in 2008, and construction began on March 12, 2009.[39][40]
The extension will run in its own right-of-way on a route similar to that of the Dulles Access Road, running both at grade and via aerial structures. The only significant diversions from the access road route are for the stops in Tysons Corner and at Dulles International Airport, where the Metro is currently planned to alternate between subway and elevated track to maintain the exclusive right-of-way.
Service on Phase I of the Silver Line is expected to begin in March 2014[3] between Wiehle – Reston East and Largo Town Center, with five new stations being added to the existing network west of East Falls Church. The full line to Route 772, including a station at Dulles International Airport, is expected to be completed in 2016.[27]
One lane of southbound Virginia Route 123 in Tysons Corner was closed for a two-year period, starting on February 22, 2010, for construction of the McLean Metro station. The distance impacted is two blocks, from Scotts Crossing Road to the Capital Beltway.[41]
There has been controversy over the contract between the MWAA and Dulles Transit Partners, which consists of Bechtel and Washington Group International. The $2.7 billion project was originally awarded by VDOT under the Virginia Public-Private Partnership Act, rather than by using conventional competitive bidding based upon a detailed specification. As a result, the contractor is allowed to both design and build the project with no upper cap on its cost. Problems could arise from the arrangement where MWAA is supervising the design and construction but ultimately WMATA must operate the Silver Line.[42] The contract provides for price escalation of $3 million to $6 million a month for delays.[43] VDOT transferred the contract to MWAA when MWAA took over the project in November 2008.
MWAA planned to award a separate design-build contract for Phase II.[44] The Phase II contract was awarded in May 2013 and the projected completion date is 2018.[6]
Pier support[edit]
When the Orange Line was originally constructed in 1977, foundations for the bridges to carry the Silver Line over I-66 to the median of the Dulles Access Road were built up to ground level. These foundations included steel piles that were driven into the ground and capped with concrete. However, detailed records for these original foundations were lost. As a result, engineers asked for the foundations to be inspected by digging around them to determine the condition of each pile under the concrete foundation caps.[45]
Some of the foundations are located in confined spots adjacent to I-66 and the electrified third rail of the Orange Line, making access difficult. Dulles Transit Partners offered to inspect seven foundations that were easily accessible, but the FTA insisted that all foundations be tested. Dulles Transit Partners and MWAA agreed to test all foundations before the bridge piers were built upon them. This required the portion of the Orange Line between the West Falls Church and East Falls Church Metro stations to be taken out of service on weekends while the tests were conducted.[45] The foundations were acceptable, and the bridge construction proceeded using the existing foundations.[46]
Although the original financing plan called for a 50-cent toll increase on the Dulles Toll Road to finance the Silver Line (25 cents at the main plaza and 25 cents at the ramp plazas), the increase in projected costs resulted in the MWAA Board approving an increase in the surcharges. Effective January 1, 2010, the fare surcharge was increased to 50 cents at both the main plaza and ramp plazas, with additional 25-cent increases in main-plaza tolls set for 2011 and 2012.[47] These toll surcharges are designed to support MWAA's 52.6% share of the projected $5.25 billion combined cost of Phase I and Phase II. MWAA has justified these toll increases as necessary to meet an estimated $220 million in annual debt-service costs projected by 2020.[48] These toll revenue requirements were based on the assumption that the federal government, although it contributed $900 million to Phase I, would not contribute funds for Phase II.[48]
As a result of the surcharge increases, the toll in 2012 will be $2.25,[49] or 16 cents per mile. The toll increase proposal drew 221 public comments, and opponents outnumbered supporters by about 3 to 1.[49] However, as the cost estimate grew from $5.25 billion to $6.8 billion, no final decisions have been reached to address the projected shortfall.
Phase II Dulles extension[edit]
While construction of Phase I to Wiehle – Reston East is under way, the funding and planning of Phase II through Dulles Airport continues. This includes the adoption of a special taxing district by the Town of Herndon[50] and a public planning forum.[51] In order to address escalations in the projected cost of Phase II, the MWAA Board is considering alternatives to the original plan for an underground station adjacent to the Dulles Airport terminal. Alternatives being considered are an underground station near the airport's north garage about 550 feet (170 m) from the terminal, and above ground stations located either at the present arrival road ramp or at the parking garage. These plans have drawn concerns from the Virginia Historic Preservation Office regarding the visual impact on the Eero Saarinen-designed terminal. Consultants estimate that an above-ground station would save $640 million in construction costs.[44] Early cost estimates for Phase II had been $2.75 billion, however a group of consultants increased the estimate in 2010 from $3.44 billion to $4.1 billion.[52] On April 25, 2013, the phase 2 contract was issued at a cost of $1.177 billion.[53]
On April 6, 2011, the MWAA Board voted 9 to 4 to build an underground station located 550 feet (170 m) from the airport terminal rather than an above-ground station 1,150 feet (350 m) away from the terminal. The underground station would be more convenient to travelers, but would come at an additional cost of $330 million and would extend the construction time of the project, delaying the expected opening to mid-2017.[54] Several Virginia politicians including Governor Bob McDonnell, Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli, Rep. Frank Wolf, and former Congressman Tom Davis oppose the decision to build a more expensive underground station, and have threatened to withhold support for the project and to propose increasing the number of Virginia representatives to the MWAA Board. U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood has offered to mediate the dispute.[55]
Furthermore, Cuccinelli stated in a radio interview with WMAL that the project is an "economic boondoggle," and "the cost-benefit just is not there." He also stated "I hope [voters in November, 2011] elect an entire [Loudoun county] board who's committed to pulling out of Phase Two to kill it." Additionally, Cuccinelli has concerns over the MWAA labor contract for Phase II, and stated he is prepared to sue MWAA if a "project labor agreement" were in place, for violating Virginia's right to work laws.[56] In November 2011, the MWAA, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and Fairfax and Loudoun counties came to a funding agreement to pay for Phase II of the project with federal loan guarantees from the U.S. Department of Transportation.[57]
On March 7, 2012, the projected $3.8 billion cost for Phase II was reduced to $2.7 billion with the elimination of the underground station at Dulles Airport and other savings.[58]
The extension of the Silver Line to Dulles and into Loudoun County was in jeopardy until July 3, 2012, when the Loudoun County Board of Supervisors voted 5-4 to extend the line to Dulles Airport and into the county.[59]
Effect on the Metro map[edit]
Metro's iconic rail map, in distribution since Lance Wyman and Bill Cannan (Wyman & Cannan) designed it in 1976, takes – according to some observers – a "pop art" approach to representing its subway network.[60] The Metro rail map uses unusually "thick" strokes to mark its radial lines. To fit in the current space and make use of the iconography as currently proportioned, the map relies upon the fact that no more than two lines overlap at any single location.[61] The addition of the Silver Line, however, will create a three-line overlap from Rosslyn to Stadium-Armory, a fact that led WMATA to publicly announce in 2010 that it is considering a new map design.[62] A number of unofficial attempts by graphic designers to redraw the Washington Metro map to include the Silver Line have done so by thinning the strokes throughout.[63] In 2003, predating Booth's attempt, WMATA released a professionally designed graphic that displayed the Silver Line on an unofficial map that resembled the current version, but with thin lines. The interplay between Metro's unofficial proposal and those of other designers has received attention in a number of press outlets.[60][63][64] A poster displaying a map of similar design has been hanging in DC Councilman Jack Evans' office for a number of years, but received scant attention until 2008.[65] Wyman, one of the original designers of the map, was confirmed as the layout specialist who would be redesigning the map by the Washington Post on June 4, 2011.[66] A thick-line version of the map, released as part of Metro's "Rush+" plan, shows the Silver Line spurring off the Orange Line between the Ballston and East Falls Church stations in a northwesterly direction, with five unlabeled stops (presumably the Phase I stations).[67]
List of planned stations[edit]
Stations west of Dulles Airport are listed by their planning names. East of Dulles Airport, proposed/under construction stations are listed by their proposed names.[68][69][70]
Station | Code | Opened | Other Metro Lines (current) |
Notes |
Route 772 | N12 | to open 2018 | Future western terminus | |
Route 606 | N11 | to open 2018 | ||
Dulles International Airport | N10 | to open 2018 | ||
Innovation Center | N09 | to open 2018 | Planning names: Route 28, Herndon – Dulles East | |
Herndon | N08 | to open 2018 | Planning names: Herndon–Monroe, Herndon – Reston West | |
Reston Town Center | N07 | to open 2018 | Planning name: Reston Parkway | |
Wiehle – Reston East | N06 | to open 2014 | Planning names: Wiehle Avenue, Reston – Wiehle Avenue | |
Spring Hill | N04 | to open 2014 | Planning names: Tysons West, Tysons – Spring Hill Road | |
Greensboro | N03 | to open 2014 | Planning names: Tysons Central 7, Tysons Central | |
Tysons Corner | N02 | to open 2014 | Planning names: Tysons Central 123, Tysons I & II | |
McLean | N01 | to open 2014 | Planning names: Tysons East, Tysons–McLean | |
East Falls Church | K05 | 1986 | Orange Line | Future transfer station for Orange Line |
Ballston–MU | K04 | 1979 | Orange Line | |
Virginia Square – GMU | K03 | 1979 | Orange Line | |
Clarendon | K02 | 1979 | Orange Line | |
Court House | K01 | 1979 | Orange Line | |
Rosslyn | C05 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | Transfer station for the Blue Line |
Foggy Bottom – GWU | C04 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Farragut West | C03 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
McPherson Square | C02 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Metro Center | C01 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line Red Line | Transfer station for the Red Line |
Federal Triangle | D01 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Smithsonian | D02 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
L'Enfant Plaza | D03 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line Yellow Line Green Line | Transfer station for the Yellow and Green Lines |
Federal Center SW | D04 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Capitol South | D05 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Eastern Market | D06 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Potomac Avenue | D07 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | |
Stadium–Armory | D08 | 1977 | Orange Line Blue Line | Transfer station for the Orange and Blue Lines |
Benning Road | G01 | 1980 | Orange Line (rush only) Blue Line | |
Capitol Heights | G02 | 1980 | Orange Line (rush only) Blue Line | |
Addison Road | G03 | 1980 | Orange Line (rush only) Blue Line | |
Morgan Boulevard | G04 | 2004 | Orange Line (rush only) Blue Line | |
Largo Town Center | G05 | 2004 | Orange Line (rush only) Blue Line | Future eastern terminus |
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- ^ "Projected cost of Dulles rail project decreases". Railway Track and Structures. March 7, 2012. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
- ^ Jacobson Moore, Erika (July 3, 2012). "Loudoun's In: Split Board Backs Silver Line Extension". Leesburg Today Media Services. Retrieved July 9, 2012.
- ^ a b DePillis, Lydia (October 21, 2010). "Metrobusted: D.C.'s subway system needs a new map. Is anything worth saving?". Washington City Paper. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
- ^ Alpert, David (October 7, 2008). "Brown Line: We don't need a new color". Greater Greater Washington. Retrieved February 2, 2011. "As several commenters mentioned, the thick lines take up a lot of room and, with the Silver Line [and Brown Line], we'd have six lines going through L'Enfant. Metro can alleviate this by thinning out the colors, but that's still a lot."
- ^ Tuss, Adam (October 5, 2010). "Metro prepping map for makeover". WTOP-FM. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
- ^ a b Malouff, Dan (February 19, 2010). "The Booth Map: Redesigning WMATA's map". Greater Greater Washington. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
- ^ Hammond, J.D. (October 26, 2010). "Fixing WMATA's Metrorail Map". The Washington Examiner.
- ^ Alpert, David (September 5, 2008). "2003 WMATA expansion map". Greater Greater Washington. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
- ^ Hedgpeth, Dana (June 4, 2011). "After more than 30 years, Metro map is being redesigned by creator, Lance Wyman". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
- ^ "Metro – About Metro – Rush+". Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
- ^ "Board of Supervisors Approves Proposed Silver Line Station Names". April 10, 2012. Retrieved April 11, 2012.
- ^ Hosh, Kafia (March 29, 2011). "Fairfax OKs names for new Metrorail stations". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 29, 2011.
- ^ Hosh, Kafia (March 30, 2011). "Fairfax names new Metro stations". The Washington Post. p. B5.
Further reading[edit]
- MacGillis, Alec (May 8, 2006). "Tysons Tunnel Could Risk U.S. Funds". The Washington Post. p. B01.
- Shear, Michael D.; Ginsberg, Steven (March 27, 2006). "Toll Road To Fund Rail Line To Dulles". The Washington Post. p. A01.
- MacGillis, Alec (March 23, 2006). "Dulles Rail Project Faces Cuts as Costs Swell". The Washington Post. p. B01.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Silver Line (Washington Metro). |


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The Royal Road
A tremendous cinematic pretext for 70 solid minutes of 16mm urban landscape cinematography, The Royal Road blends the fictional first-person tale of a starstruck butch lesbian with a fascinating series of nonfiction tangents about the Spanish colonial history, politics and geography of the Golden State, via an exploration of California's El Camino Real, the original trail connecting the territory's missions, presidios and pueblos during the era of Spanish-Mexican rule. Jenni Olson Jenni Olson is an experimental documentary filmmaker with a unique storytelling style incorporating 16mm urban landscapes and lyrical voiceover. Her most recent films include 575 Castro St. and The Joy of Life — both of which world premiered at the Sundance Film Festival (in 2009 and 2005 respectively). |
When making a fiscal sponsorship donation with a credit card, 3% is deducted from the donation amount to cover the merchant account processing fees. This deduction is waived when donating with a check. Checks can be made out to "San Francisco Film Society" and mailed to: San Francisco Film Society ATTN: Finance Dept. 39 Mesa St. Suite 110 San Francisco, CA 94129 Please indicate "FSP 1048" in the memo of the check. |


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What a run. Each year we've increased leads. And, more importantly, each year we've increased consultations, which means not only are we generating lots of leads; we are generating quality leads. Last summer, generally a slow period, we set a record for most surgeries in a summer. We had a stretch when demand for Dr. Pistone's services were so great, Dr. Pistone had to relinquish his one-day-a-week non-surgery day to satisfy demand.
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Veteran scam
UPDATED 11:07 AM EST Nov 16, 2012You donate money for veterans' organizatins...but how much do they really get?
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Tuesday, March 11, 2014
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The Federal Bureau of Investigation is on the hunt for two New York fugitives allegedly involved in a Queens-based heroin trafficking ring.
FBI agents say 37-year-old Arturo "A-Rock" Villa has ties to Ozone Park and Woodhaven in Queens, and 28-year-old Emmanuel "Manny" Ramos has ties to Brooklyn and Forest Hills, Queens.
Back in August, the FBI arrested seven suspects involved in a drug operation at Fresh Start Auto Repair and Tire Sales in Richmond Hill.
The FBI says the auto shop served as a location for narcotics suppliers, transporters and distributors to carry out their operations.


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Book Description:WINNER OF THE PULITZER PRIZEIn this epic, critically acclaimed tour de force, Adam Johnson provides a riveting portrait of a world rife with hunger, corruption, and casual cruelty but also camaraderie, stolen moments of beauty, and love.NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD FINALIST • LONGLISTED FOR THE AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION'S ANDREW CARNEGIE MEDAL • WINNER OF THE CALIFORNIA BOOK AWARD FOR FICTION • NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLERNAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New Yorker • The Washington Post • Stephen King, Entertainment Weekly • The Wall Street Journal • Los Angeles Times • San Francisco Chronicle • Financial Times • Newsweek/The Daily Beast • The Plain Dealer • St. Louis Post-Dispatch • Milwaukee Journal Sentinel • Scott Turow, The Millions • Slate • Salon • BookPage • Shelf Awareness "The single best work of fiction published [this year] . . . The book's cunning, flair and pathos are testaments to the still-formidable power of the written word."—The Wall Street JournalPak Jun Do is the haunted son of a lost mother—a singer "stolen" to Pyongyang—and an influential father who runs a work camp for orphans. Superiors in the state soon recognize the boy's loyalty and keen instincts. Considering himself "a humble citizen of the greatest nation in the world," Jun Do rises in the ranks. He becomes a professional kidnapper who must navigate the shifting rules, arbitrary violence, and baffling demands of his Korean overlords in order to stay alive. Driven to the absolute limit of what any human being could endure, he boldly takes on the treacherous role of rival to Kim Jong Il in an attempt to save the woman he loves, Sun Moon, a legendary actress "so pure, she didn't know what starving people looked like."Praise for The Orphan Master's Son"An exquisitely crafted novel that carries the reader on an adventuresome journey into the depths of totalitarian North Korea and into the most intimate spaces of the human heart."—Pulitzer Prize citation"A daring and remarkable novel."—Michiko Kakutani, The New York Times"Gripping . . . Deftly blending adventure, surreal comedy and Casablanca-style romance, the novel takes readers on a jolting ride through an Orwellian landscape of dubious identity and dangerous doublespeak."—San Jose Mercury News"This is a novel worth getting excited about. . . . Adam Johnson has taken the papier-mâché creation that is North Korea and turned it into a real and riveting place that readers will find unforgettable."—The Washington Post"[A] brilliant and timely novel."—The Wall Street Journal"Remarkable and heartbreaking . . . To [the] very short list of exceptional novels that also serve a humanitarian purpose The Orphan Master's Son must now be added."—The New Republic"A triumph of imagination . . . [Grade:] A."—Entertainment Weekly"A spellbinding saga of subverted identity and an irrepressible love."—VogueLook for special features inside. Join the Random House Reader's Circle for author chats and more.
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Alabama Attorney General Luther Strange's office said progress was being made on bills in his legislative package, including bills about synthetic drugs and metal theft.
Strange said he is pleased with the quick action taken by both the House and the Senate on legislation to ban synthetic drugs. House Bill 158 and its companion, Senate Bill 208 are often referred to as the "spice" bill.
Although the Senate and House each has approved its own "spice" bill, one version will have to be approved by both the Senate and the House before its final approval is achieved.
"This legislation is vital for public health and safety," said Attorney General Strange. "When easy availability over store counters was endangering the people of Alabama, we took action with the State Department of Public Health to regulate and fight these dangerous substances."
AG Strange said it was time to give officers better tools to combat the threat and to provide strong penalties for offenders.
INFORMATION SOURCE: Attorney General's Press Office
HB 158 & SB 208 regulates synthetic marijuana and other similar substances. Synthetic substances that mimic marijuana or other drugs, often referred to as "spice," "bath salts" or various other names, More>>
1 Julian Price Place Charlotte, NC 28208 (704)374-3500 FCC Public File email@example.com 704-374-3788 EEO Report Closed Captioning


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At 14,505 feet — the highest point in the Lower 48 — this granite beauty is surprisingly easy to climb. Hikers in good shape can make the 22-mile round-trip trek to the summit and back in a single (albeit long) day. The payoff is fantastic: views that include the lowest place in the United States, Death Valley.
Duncan Images/AlamyWith their almost vertical faces reflected in mirrorlike Maroon Lake, these three triangular peaks (14,163 feet at their highest point) near Aspen are probably more photographed than any other scene in Colorado. Visit the region for alpine wildflowers in summer and golden trees in fall. In winter, don snowshoes or cross-country skis to take in the quiet beauty of the landscape.
David Sucsy/IstockphotoFrom the flat plain of California's Upper Sacramento Valley soars this 14,179-foot behemoth, a perennially snowcapped volcano that last erupted in 1786. The mountain is a popular challenge for beginning climbers and a magnet for spiritual seekers (you can tap into the scene in the New Age-y town of Mount Shasta).
Prisma Bildagentur AG/AlamyFondly referred to as "Timp" by locals, this 11,750-foot peak is Utah's second highest. The mountain's history is cloaked in Native American legends, including one that has the hearts of two ill-fated lovers bound into a single Great Heart — a large stalactite in one of the mountain's impressive limestone caves.
Getty ImagesEast of Seattle, this enormous volcano hovers like a snowcapped totem. In summer, Mount Rainier National Park is popular for its alpine wildflowers, with aptly-named Paradise being one of the best spots for blooms. Mountaineers also take on the 14,410-foot peak, testing their ice-climbing skills on its glaciers.
Rene Frederick/Getty ImagesThis 5,269-foot mountain might not be the precise spot where the sun first hits the country in the morning, but it sure feels like it. The glaciated, granite peak — rising above a surrounding so remote it's sometimes referred to as the 51st state — is the perfect place to catch the day's first light.
Stock Connection Blue/AlamyDramatic, unforgettable, wild — this snaggletoothed peak is everything a mountain should be. It's justly on the bucket list of many mountaineers, who must tackle rock, ice and snow to reach the 13,770-foot summit. Some even take on the ultimate challenge: hauling up skis so they can schuss their way back down.
Ken Canning/IstockphotoThis wild and remote 13,065-foot jaw-dropper is the signature mountain in 125,000-acre Great Basin National Park. Wind your way into the clouds on the spectacular Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive, a paved (thankfully) 12-mile route that corkscrews up to spots with unforgettable desert vistas.
Bill Hatcher/National Geographic Creative/Getty ImagesThis Big Island beast of a mountain, the world's largest volcano, tops out at 13,677 feet. That's impressive enough, yet geologists estimate Mauna Loa's true height, measured from the depression its mass forms in the Earth's crust, is a staggering 56,000 feet total, or 5 miles taller than Mount Everest. And it's still growing, its crimson lava visible today within Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
Ann Cecil/Lonely Planet Images/Getty ImagesWhether you call it by its modern moniker or by its native Athabascan Indian name, Denali, meaning "Great One," this 20,320-foot geologic masterpiece, North America's tallest mountain, creates an unforgettable silhouette in the Alaskan sky. Protected as part of 6 million acres of national park, it's a land of snow and ice, braided glacial rivers and incredible wildlife.
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Items Tagged with 'silver'
Abreojos Silver Tequila
Abreojos Spirits launched its same-named tequila in the United States.
Sparkle Donkey Tequila
Black Rock Spirits launched Sparkle Donkey Silver and Reposado 100 percent blue agave tequilas.
Flipflop Silver and Spiced rums
Underdog Wine & Spirits took its first step into the rum category with the introduction of Flipflop Silver and Spiced rums.


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BMW: 1988 325i convertible, white, 6-cylinder, new black top, white car, $4,750. 573-636-8000, MO.... More
CONVERTIBLE cylinder rebuild service, 2003-08, Z4, $329 each. Hydro-E-Lectric, 941-639-0437, 800-343-4261, FL.**39-YR**... More
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Birds and Birdhouse Crocheted Blue Top Kitchen Towel
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Paravertebral Block, an Adjunct to General Anaesthesia for Breast Surgery?
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Aim is to study if a paravertebral block as an adjunct to general anesthesia is a suitable technique for extended, one sided, breast surgery.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
Breast Cancer |
Drug: standard anaesthesia (bupivacaine) Drug: additional pvb (ropivacaine) and elastomeric disposable infusion pump |
Phase 3 |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Open Label Primary Purpose: Treatment |
Official Title: | Paravertebral Block, an Adjunct to General Anaesthesia for Breast Surgery? |
- reduction of unplanned admissions and reduction of VAS score. [ Time Frame: one week ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- to determine the safety and performance (efficacy) of the technique and the investigational product. [ Time Frame: one week ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
Estimated Enrollment: | 36 |
Study Start Date: | October 2006 |
Study Completion Date: | May 2011 |
Primary Completion Date: | December 2010 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
Arms | Assigned Interventions |
Active Comparator: 1
Drug: standard anaesthesia (bupivacaine)
Local infiltration with bupivacaine and Piritramide and Paracetamol as postoperative analgesic, and ondansetron as required
Experimental: 2
PVB with ropivacaine and postoperative pump 5ml/h
Drug: additional pvb (ropivacaine) and elastomeric disposable infusion pump
Patients in group 2 will receive PVB with ropivacaine and postoperative pump 5ml/h.
Detailed Description:
Usually breast tumour surgery in the Academic Hospital Maastricht is performed under general anaesthesia. Perioperative pain management consists of paracetamol and naproxen preoperatively, opioids during surgery and local wound infiltration at the end of surgery with 10cc Bupivacaine 0.25%. Postoperative pain management consists of paracetamol, occasionally combined with Naproxen, and if necessary Piritramide 0.2 mg/kg i.m.
Alternatively there is the possibility to perform breast surgery under a thoracic paravertebral block (PVB) with or without general anesthesia.
A PVB according to Eason and Wyatt (1) can be performed preoperatively with insertion of an end-hole catheter T3-T4. With this technique we expect a better pain relief postoperatively.
Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Female |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Extended mamma surgery one-sided
- ASA class I and II
Exclusion Criteria:
- All contra indications for local anaesthesia
- Coagulation disorders
- Infection
- Allergic reactions
No publications provided
Responsible Party: | Esther Bouman, Maastricht University, Department of anaesthesiology |
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00547989 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: | MEC 05-105.5 |
Study First Received: | October 18, 2007 |
Last Updated: | May 12, 2011 |
Health Authority: | Netherlands: The Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (CCMO) |
Keywords provided by Maastricht University Medical Center:
ASA class I and II |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Breast Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site Neoplasms Breast Diseases Skin Diseases Anesthetics Bupivacaine Ropivacaine |
Central Nervous System Depressants Physiological Effects of Drugs Pharmacologic Actions Central Nervous System Agents Therapeutic Uses Anesthetics, Local Sensory System Agents Peripheral Nervous System Agents |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 10, 2014


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U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton answers questions from the audience at the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington Jan. 31. (Reuters / February 1, 2013) |
Hillary Clinton left her secretary of state's post on Friday hounded by the question, "Will you run for president?" Some say she's been coy in saying she's not thinking about running but leaving the door slightly ajar. Will she try again? What's your view?
President Hillary Clinton? If she wants it
CNN Opinion, Jan. 26
The case against Hillary Clinton
Politico column, Jan. 30
Hillary Could Win Texas
Huffington Post, Jan. 31
Is Hillary Clinton closing the door on politics?
Political Eye, CBS News, Jan. 29


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Limited Time Only. Minimum merchandise total to qualify for the offer must be met. The minimum merchandise total that must be met for Shipping Promotions is calculated after any discount coupons that have been applied and does not include shipping, handling, taxes or duty charges. Order total must meet minimum threshold of $49. Not valid for prior purchases. Shipping will be reflected on the Checkout or Shopping Cart page. Overweight shipping charges apply and will appear at checkout. Overweight items include kayaks/boats, treadmills, elliptical machines, weight sets/plates, basketball courts, trampolines and other similar overweight items. Alaska/Hawaii surcharges apply and will appear at checkout. No cash or credit back. We reserve the right to cancel any order due to unauthorized, altered or ineligible use of discount. All promotional dates & times are subject to change without notice.
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Stars' Extreme Pet ParentingFrom testing shock collars to tasting dog food, see how far celebs will go for their furry friends
Credit: Inset: Courtesy Courteney Cox
Updated: Thursday Mar 28, 2013 | 06:00 AM EDT By: Karen J. Quan
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During a visit to The Ellen DeGeneres Show, Cougar Town's Courteney Cox shared her frustrations when Cavalier King Charles spaniels Hopper and Harley refused to pee on the brand-new pooch potties on her balcony. Cox did what came naturally and marked the potties herself so the dogs would know where to go. "Hopper peed on my pee," she said, "so it worked out."


text: This is how the story goes Time heals all wounds Who wrote this? How do they know? Tell this to his memory Tell this to my tears Tell this to the pain I've felt, After three dreadful years Time may heal a lot of things Such as measles, mumps and woes Time can heal a lot of things In matters of the heart, nobody knows


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Tonight, June 11th, the sky turned red looking toward the Northwest as we were having rain and some storms, locally. It was just a gorgeous setting of the sun, that the skies turned so bright red. Had to grab a shot of it!
Red sunset during storm
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text: Math Colloquium3/15/2013 4:00:00 PM - 3/15/2013 6:00:00 PM Located: Roger Bacon 412 Dr. Mohammad Javaheri, Assistant Professor of Mathematics, will speak in the Math Colloquium on Friday at 4:00pm in RB412. Refreshments will be served in the Math Library (RB434) at 3:30pm with the talk to follow at 4:00pm in Roger Bacon 412. |


text: Search results Listings are for East Coast. For local listings, Enter zip code or Sign in Go Display: All Results TV Shows Movies Actors Directors Only show HD Only show new episodes We found the following shows with actor/director: "Amber Riley" in the next 14 days. Glee Next episode: The First Time Sun 3/16 6:00 PM 105 WWOR (Cbl) 1 hour TV-14 Acting as director, Artie leads preparations for the school's performance of "West Side Story"; Finn talks with a recruiter; someone admires Coach Bieste. View in TV Listings 1-Click Record 1-Click Season Pass Record with options


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Malay phrasebook
Malay (Bahasa Malaysia in Malaysia, Bahasa Melayu in Brunei and Singapore) is the sole official language of Malaysia and Brunei, and one of the four official languages in Singapore. Standard Malay in these countries is closely related to the form of Malay that is the national language of Indonesia (Indonesian), and speakers of both languages can generally understand each other, but the main difference is the vocabulary: both have been influenced by among others Sanskrit, Arabic and Javanese, Indonesian has been influenced by Dutch, while Malay has been influenced by English, Tamil and Chinese. [edit] GrammarMalay word order is subject-verb-object like English. There are no plurals, grammatical gender, or verb conjugation for person, number or tense, all of which are expressed with adverbs or tense indicators: saya makan, "I eat" (now), saya sudah makan, "I already eat" = "I ate". A characteristic of Malay is that it is a so-called agglutinative language, which means that the suffixes are all attached to a base root. So a word can become very long. For example there is a base word hasil which means "result". But it can be extended as far as ketidakberhasilannya, which means his/her failure. Note that Malay has two words which are equivalent to the English "we". If you intend to include the person(s) you are addressing, the word to use is kita. If the subject does not include your listener(s), then the correct word would be kami. [edit] WritingMalay can be written using two scripts; the Roman alphabet, known as Rumi as well as an Arabic-derived script known as Jawi. Today, Rumi is the more commonly used script, and is the official Malay script used in Singapore and Malaysia. In Brunei, Rumi and Jawi are co-official, though Rumi is by far the more commonly used script in daily life. [edit] Pronunciation guideMalay is very easy to pronounce: it has one of the most phonetic writing systems in the world, with only a small number of simple consonants and relatively few vowel sounds. One peculiarity of the spelling is the lack for a separate sign to denote the schwa. It is written as an 'e' or as an 'a' at the ends of words, which can sometimes be confusing. (If you have plans to visit Kelantan, note that Kelantanese varies considerably in pronunciation and somewhat in vocabulary from standard Malay, but though the local dialect is widely used and promoted there, standard Malay is almost universally understood.) [edit] Vowels
[edit] Consonants
[edit] Common diphthongs
[edit] Common Affixations[edit] Phrase list[edit] Basics
[edit] Problems
[edit] Numbers
[edit] Time
[edit] Clock time
[edit] Duration
[edit] Days
[edit] Months
[edit] Writing time and date[edit] Writing time
[edit] DateFirst one should write the day, after that the month and then the year.
[edit] Colors
[edit] Transportation[edit] Bus and train
[edit] Directions
[edit] Taxi
[edit] Lodging
[edit] Money
[edit] Eating
[edit] Bars
[edit] Shopping
[edit] Driving
[edit] Authority


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The worst summer / off-season in the history of hockey continues. An unbelievable tragedy in Russia today as 43 people lost their lives in a plane crash. Among those lost to the hockey world is...
Hot Coals Step 1 in the top secret Flames operation "The Parise Pinch" has occurred. Zach Parise signed a one year deal worth 6 million to stay in Jersey for next year. The Flames will hardly be...
So, the New York Islanders failed to gather the support needed to finance their "Lighthouse Project" and barring a miracle in the form of a New York-based investors group, will likely be gone from...
Hello all! I bring you this special long-weekend edition of Monday's Hot Coals live from sweltering Toronto, Ontario where I am currently vacationing. Toronto is a city rich in hockey history, and...
Hot Coals: Flames Role Players tops in the NHL
Hot Coals There is not much going on for Flames news at the moment. An article here on maintaining the Flames Status Quo. Take this old article at face value as Feaster says other GMs like Chris...
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United States Senator
December 8, 2010
Statement Of Senator Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.)
Chairman, Senate Judiciary Committee
Opening Statement
Executive Business Meeting
December 8, 2010
This meeting is being held at the request of our Republican ranking member. He required it in order to consider four judicial nominees and two Sentencing Commission nominees Republicans insisted be carried over from last week's meeting.
Ironically, these are nominees who participated in our November 17 hearing at which the Senator from Alabama was left holding the gavel, in order to ensure that all his questions were answered by the nominees. The hearing extended beyond the normal time, and resumed, with the Senator from Alabama chairing, for an additional afternoon session. In addition to that courtesy, I allowed Senators to propound additional written questions until close of business on Wednesday, November 24, the evening before Thanksgiving. The nominees were diligent in working through the Thanksgiving holiday and weekend to make sure the Committee received their written responses on Sunday. I then provided the requisit notice so that we could consider them last Wednesday.
Rather than commend President Obama for nominating someone who had previously been nominated by President Bush, and rather than expedite consideration of the nomination of Marco Hernandez to the District of Oregon, the ranking member insisted that the Committee delay consideration and risk it falling by the wayside in the waning days of this Congress.
In holding over the nominations of district court nominees to North Carolina, Oregon and Georgia, the ranking member repeated his claim that in 2008 Democrats had refused to proceed on the nomination of Marco Hernandez. Let me set the record straight on the contention of the Senator from Alabama.
That was a presidential election year. The Committee did not receive Mr. Hernandez's rating from the American Bar Association rating until the second half of September, months after his nomination. The only hearing held after that was devoted to other nominees. Had Mr. Hernandez been nominated sooner and had his paperwork been completed at the time he was nominated, he may well have been included in an earlier hearing. As it was, that last hearing was held to accommodate the ranking Republican member at the time, and included three nominees from his home state. The hearing was also held to accommodate another Republican member of the Committee from Kansas, and included a nominee from his home state. I also included a nominee from Virginia strongly supported by the senior Senator from that state, also a Republican. That Mr. Hernandez was not a priority of the Senate Republicans at the end of the 2008 session of Congress is not something that the Senator from Alabama should be seeking to blame on Democrats.
Indeed, during the last two years of the Bush administration the Senate confirmed 68 of President Bush's judicial nominees. That 68 in the last two years of that administration is 40 percent more than the confirmations that Republican obstruction has permitted during these first two years of President Obama's term, despite the fact that the first two years is typically a time when nominations move much more expeditiously than in the seventh and eighth years of a presidency. We proceeded to continue to reduce judicial vacancies during even the last two years of the Bush administration, down to 34 throughout the entire country at one point. Republicans have allowed only 41 Federal circuit and district court confirmations during the 23 months of the Obama administration and their obstruction has resulted in judicial vacancies having doubled to 110. In the 17 months I chaired the Judiciary Committee during President Bush's first two years, the Senate confirmed 100 of his judicial nominees and reduced judicial vacancies from 109 to 60.
When we report these four additional judicial nominations, the Committee will have reported 80 judicial nominations favorably to the Senate. Regrettably, Republican objections have prevented the confirmation of all but 41 of those qualified and capable nominees. That has led to a judicial vacancies crisis that now includes 110 judicial vacancies.
I was encouraged, however, that last week the ranking Republican on this Committee, the Senator from Alabama, indicated that the many judicial nominees that have been stalled for months and months without Senate action will be confirmed before we adjourn. He is in position to know. As the Republican leader on this Committee, he works directly with the Republican leadership that has been stalling judicial confirmations. To quote the ranking Republican at our last meeting on December 1 about these judicial nominees, "the truth is except for a few nominees, the overwhelming majority have moved with bipartisan unanimous support and will be confirmed on the floor." He went on to predict that "a number will clear before the session is over." These months and months of delay have been bad enough and costly for our courts, the American people and the administration of justice. I hope and trust that the reassurance of the Senator from Alabama that the Republican across the board blockage of judicial confirmation is coming to an end is true. In light of the fact that "the overwhelming majority" of nominees "have moved with bipartisan unanimous support," there is no reason the judicial nominees stalled on the Senate calendar should not be considered and confirmed before the Senate adjourns this month. I thank the ranking member for that assurance.
I am glad we are considering Mr. Hernandez, and I support his nomination. I hope we will get cooperation today and be able to report the Cogburn, Hernandez, Simon, Jones, Saris and Friedrich nominations without further delay.
# # # # #


text: Communication is paramount to a superior project. Our team of designers and Landscape Architect value the importance of listening to our clients to develop an understanding of their needs. This information is essential for the success of all projects, regardless of size, and vital for developing comprehensive Master Plans. Our design/ build process gives us the opportunity to work closely with our clients and routinely evaluate the cost benefits of various design aspects and construction techniques. For our clients, the entire process is a seamless and enjoyable progression starting with the first phone call to the project completion.


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Group Prices (15+ People)
Matinee |
Dinner 11:30 am | Show 1:00 pm |
Tue/Wed/Thurs & Selected Saturday Matinees |
Group Rate: $42.00 |
Thursday Evening |
Dinner 6:30 pm | Show 8:00 pm |
Selected Thursdays |
Group Rate: $46.00 |
Friday Evening |
Dinner 6:30 pm | Show 8:00 pm |
Group Rate: $46.00 |
Saturday Evening |
Dinner 6:30 pm | Show 8:00 pm |
Group Rate: $50.00 |
Sunday Twilight |
Dinner 2:30 pm | Show 4:00 pm |
Selected Sundays |
Group Rate: $46.00 |
We Love Groups!
What is a Group? Any party of 15 or more people.
Group Reservations. Groups of 15 people or more must call to make their reservation.
They will not be accepted online.
It's easy to make a reservation! Pick a date and call our toll-free number. A confirmation letter is sent and a $5 per person deposit is due 30 days later, with the balance due on the day of the show. If winter weather prevents your trip, we will refund your deposit or transfer it to another date.
Group Discounts. We provide a group discount for 15 or more people and a comp for every 25! Your bus driver is always welcome as our guest.
Our location is Paradise! We're at the center of tourism in Lancaster County. Major shopping outlets and Amish attractions are right in our backyard.
State-of-the-art facility. Our facility seats 300 graciously. The lobby and theatre are light and airy and offer tiered seating and handicapped-accessibility, as well as a large ladies room and gift shop.
Our Personal Touch. Our Box Office will help you every step of the way. When you arrive, our owners David and Cindy are always there. Our hostesses and waitstaff will give each member of your group the attention and service they deserve. Our people are famous for their friendliness.
Did we mention this is an all-you-can-eat buffet? Our dinner buffet is excellent! When you arrive, there is already a salad at your table. Depending on time of year and the fancy of our chef, the menu is varied to include pasta, seafood, potatoes, vegetables… as well as our house favorites, roast beef and stuffed chicken cutlets. For dessert we serve to your table a selection of cakes and pies, not to mention hand-dipped ice cream to top off your meal.
We are the only dinner theatre in the U.S. producing all comedies, all the time! We pride ourselves on performing all broadway style comedies. Always professionally mounted, done in the best of taste, with guaranteed laughs! Your groups are tired of seeing the same old musicals time and again – give them something different!
All our prices include dinner, show, tax and gratuity. At Rainbow, you can get the equivalent of a fine restaurant meal and a Broadway show for about what you would pay for just a show elsewhere.
Any Questions?
Call our Box Office or visit our Group Frequently Asked Questions Page.
Worried about the content of our shows?
Check out our show ratings page to see if this is the right show for your group.
Need some flyers to help advertise for your trip? Click here to see how we can help you fill your bus.
Are you a Tour Operator?
If you are a member of ABA, NTA, or OMCA please call our Box Office for special rates.


text:
Overall: | A |
Violence: | B |
Sexual Content: | A |
Language: | B+ |
Drugs/Alcohol: | B+ |
Run Time: | 95 |
Theater Release: | |
Video Release: | 08 Nov 2011 |
MPAA Rating: | |
See Canadian Ratings | |
How We Determine Our Grades |
Meet the Robinsons is rated G:
Cast: Angela Bassett, Spencer Fox, Tom Selleck
Studio: Walt Disney Home Entertainment
Detailed Review
The marriage between Disney and Pixar may prove to be a happy one. Already the union is producing promising offspring in the world of animation. Resurrecting old footage of Mickey…
Read our complete review on this movie. »
Why Is Meet the Robinsons Rated G?
As an infant, Lewis is left on the steps of a city orphanage. As well…
Get complete content details for violence, sex, language and more. »
Talk It Over
Despite his perseverance, Lewis experiences lots of setbacks. How do the Robinsons feel about his…
Get complete discussion ideas and "Talk It Over" with your family. »
Video alternatives / Home Video Bonus Features
Jordan Fry, who is one of the voice artists for Lewis, also stars as a…
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text:
Home → Tax Divisions → Income/Estate Tax Division → Guidance Documents → Guidance Document
Guidance Document
Note: PDF format requires the free Adobe Reader to view.
Tax Status for Maine Income Tax of Interest Income from Government Obligations
Revised: 8/26/05
Direct Obligation of U.S. Government | Subject to Maine Income Tax |
U.S. Savings Bonds all states | No |
U.S. Retirement Plan Bonds | No |
U.S. Treasury Bonds | No |
U.S. Treasury Bills | No |
U.S. Treasury Notes | No |
U.S. Depository Bonds | No |
U.S. Certificates of Indebtedness | No |
Obligations of Organizations Created or Sponsored by U.S. Government |
Student Loan Marketing Association, SLMA (Sallie Mae) | No* |
Government National Mortgage Association, GNMA (Ginnie Mae) | Yes |
Federal National Mortgage Association, FNMA (Fannie Mae) | Yes |
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp., FHLMC (Freddie Mac) | Yes |
Federal Home Loan Banks, FHLB | No* |
Federal Housing Administration, FHA: | |
Bonds | No* |
Certificates of Claim | Yes |
Federal Farm Credit System Banks, FCS | |
Land Banks for Cooperatives | No* |
Federal Intermediate Credit Banks | No* |
Federal Land Banks | No* |
Farmers Home Administration, FMHA: | |
Bonds | Yes |
Certificates of Beneficial Ownership | No* |
Export Import Bank of the U.S. | Yes |
Obligations of other Governmental Entities and Organizations | |
State of Maine | No |
Maine Municipalities | No |
Maine Municipal Bond Bank | No |
Maine Turnpike Authority | No |
Housing Authority of Maine (HOME) | No |
Finance Authority of Maine (FAME) All Bonds | No |
Obligations of states, municipalities and Territories outside Maine, unless specific Exemption granted by U.S. Congress | Yes |
Puerto Rico government all bonds | No* |
Local housing authorities in District of Columbia, Guam and U.S, Virgin Islands If exempt from federal tax | No* |
Local housing authorities in states other than Maine | Yes |
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) all bonds | No* |
Foreign Government bonds | Yes |
International Bank for Reconstruction & Development | Yes |
Inter-American Development Bank | Yes |
*Exemption from all state and local income taxes granted by a specific federal law. | |
Money Market Funds: | |
A fund sold by a firm recognized as a regulated investment company by Internal Revenue Service may pass through to the shareholders tax exempt interest and dividends permitting the income to retain its original character. The statement received by shareholders notifies them whether the income is exempt from federal tax. | |
Under a repurchase agreement, Money Market or Mutual Fund income does not retain its original character. In this case, the court has ruled that the fund, not the taxpayer, owns the bonds. | |
Nuveen Bonds: | |
Nuveen Bonds are municipal bonds from all over. The taxpayer should receive a statement advising him what states are involved. If the bonds originate in Maine they are not taxable. If the bonds originate outside Maine they are taxable. | |


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The MOLGENIS toolkit provides programmers with a simple language to model OO data structures and user interfaces in compact XML. At the push of a button, MOLGENIS' generator suite automatically translates these models into a extensive, ready-to-use Web application including database, user interfaces, CSV/TAB file upload/download formats, and scriptable interfaces in Java, R, SOAP, REST, and JavaScript for customization. Writing 500 lines of model XML typically replaces 15,000 lines of handwritten programming code, which allows for quick adaptation if the information system was not yet to satisfaction. A plug-in mechanism ensures that both generator suite and generated product can be customized just as much as hand-written software.
PHP On Pie is a PHP framework that combines the best ideas from PHP projects like Drupal, CodeIgniter, Kohana, and ZendFramework. It has very few core concepts: classes, models, events, slots, and tools. It lets you repackage completed apps into plugins that you or others can use later. Its smart database classes allow you to implement vertical and horizontal partitioning (sharding) easily to handle millions of users.
Saint CMS is a combination CMS and eCommerce package built atop a rapid development framework. It is high performance, easy to use, and provides convenient tools for creating sites with custom content types. It includes a built-in blog, an image gallery, a slideshow, a file manager, a shop with downloadable product options, an event logging system, a WYSIWYG editor, and more.
Microweber is a drag-and-drop Web content management system that makes it possible to create Web sites without any programming. You can edit text directly on the site and see the results in real-time rather than having to constantly reload the page. You can also reorder site elements and extend them using custom modules such as galleries and contact forms. Every aspect of your page's elements can be changed, including their skin.


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Staples Center Premier Section Seats!!!!! ►In-Seat Food Service! ►Private VIP Entrance! ►Make Reservations for the Exclusive San Manuel Restaurant! ►Cushioned Seats! ►Free Program! 2 SEATS AVAILABLE TO MOST UPCOMING GAMES! Premier 16, Row 10 **Email me for current pricing and availability of other upcoming games. I'm out of town too often to enjoy them all! Most other games and concerts at Staples Center, Nokia, and Home Depot Center available! These are my personal tickets, I'm not a ...
Mar 5 - North Hollywood
Selling 2 tickets to the March 21 Lakers vs Wizards game. Seats are on the floor in section 117 baseline, aisle, right beside Lakers tunnel. Amazing seats but must sell! I have the hard copies and will ship to you or meet before day of the game as we are from out of town. Make me a reasonable offer!
Mar 4 - Los Angeles
2 GA tickets to the ACM fan jam April 6th Hard copy tickets Will ship to your house
Mar 3 - Beverly Hills
I am selling my 2 tickets because my friends couldn't make the show. 2 Tickets Book of Mormon @ Pantages Theatre for 3/21 8:00pm show This is hard ticket and not e-ticket -Orchestra Center Row S103 -Orchestra Center Row S104 $300 each or $600 for the Pair Local pickup in Los Angeles, CA or pay me via paypal and I can send them via mail. Txt me if you're interested 909-569-9787
Feb 24 - Chino Hills
2 Ripley's Believe it or not! Tickets vaild only at Hollywood location no expiration date 6780 Hollywood blvd Hollywood ca 2 for $20
Feb 22 - Reseda
Los Angeles Kings Tickets | Luxury Suite | LA Kings Watch the LA Kings in a Private Luxury Suite Entertain Clients, Employees, Family and Friends Contact Us For Pricing.
Feb 21 - Los Angeles
Los Angeles Clippers Tickets | Luxury Suite Watch Chris Paul and Blake Griffin in a Private Luxury Suite Box Staples Center Luxury Suite w/ 12 - 18 Tickets Entertain Friends, Employees and Clients. Host Parties. Single Tickets Available in Our Suites. Contact Us for Pricing
Feb 21 - Los Angeles
HELP! Please help me! I made a terrible mistake buying tickets that I cannot use! It is for the The Book Of Mormon the Musical. Unfortunately they are not refundable. The tickets are for Sunday, March 2, 2014 at 6:30PM. The seats are Orchestra Seating Row L Seats 201 + 202, the first two seats on the left at the aisle. Each ticket was $175.00 + $15.70 a piece for the service fee. I would like to sell them for what I bought them for but I am willing to negotiate. I couldn't be any more sorry than I am ...
Feb 14 - Glendora
Only $10 each ticket!! Hollywood Sports Park Paintball in Bellflower, CA is only one of the many parks these are accepted! Worth $40+ at the door! Best to go on Sunday through Thursday with these, as they have a "blackout" surcharge of $10 on Fridays and Saturdays. This ONLY applies to the Bewllflower, CA location, however. And reservations only required for private group/party field rental... One all day park pass ticket includes: -all day entrance wristband at the door (27$ w/o pass) -all day ...
Feb 9 - South Gate
The King of Country music is finally back in LA and will have guest Martina McBride opening for him. It's gonna be a great show, as I have seen both performers many times! 4 tickets available to this final tour that sold out in 9 minutes! 2 tickets Section 116 row 4 seat 7 and row 9 seat 7 (5 rows apart) 2 tickets Section 113 Row 10 seats 5 and 6 Can be seperated. $150 each ticket. Payment can be taken through paypal for buyers protection. If you think tickets may not work, which they will, you ...
Feb 2 - La Crescenta
Airline buddy passes for sale International and domestic flights Roundtrip or oneway travel Standby seating non confirmed Access to booking and itinerary Serious buyers only please For more question contact thanks
Jan 31 - Los Angeles
I will pick u up and drop u off. I have 1 free ticket to OWTH in canoga park for anyone in the LA area. Lemme know
Jan 29 - Los Angeles
Two tickets, for 8 p.m. show, Wednesday, January 29, 2014, Santa Monica Pier. Tickets at face value, no convenience fee. You can pay by Paypal and receive the tickets by email, or we can make the exchange in person for cash. Seats are together, Row O, Section 206, sold as a pair only, $110 for both.
Jan 25 - Santa Monica
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 2 Adult Admission 2 for $16 no expires date 900 Exposition Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90007
Jan 14 - Reseda
2 sets of tickets to 3 day events. Section 301 row 46 Earnhardt terrace. Can meet at hotel or at the races. Best offer...
Mar 7 - Las Vegas : Las Vegas
Incredible Seats!!! Field Box 106 Row 15 Seats 1-4 (Aisle). Can't get much better. Seats are closer to home palte than photo shows. Selling for $52 per seat, way below $86.25 face Value! Season ticket holders since 1974 looking to sell half our season (30-40 games). 81 games is just to many for us to attend in a single season. Wide open to negotiating game selection. Call Chris @ (858) 277- 6482
Mar 7 - San Diego : San Diego
1 ticket to sold out schoolboy q vince staples and isaiah rashad in santa ana
Mar 6 - Orange County : Buena Park
Have 2 nascar tickets for sale. Includes Neon garage. Great seats Staying at Southpoint Casino Asking $250.00 per ticket
Mar 6 - Las Vegas : Las Vegas
We have a great show Tuesday 10pm at The Irvine Improv! Kevin Shea (Arsenio Hall Show, Comedy Central, Jimmy Kimmel Live) Johny Cardinale (Chelsea Lately, The Late Late Show) Freddy Lockhart (Comedy Central, Frank Tv, The Joe Rogan Podcast) Ryan Mirvis (It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia) Email markserritella(at)yahoo.com for Free Guest List. Just need name and amount in your Party. This offer is only good for Tuesday at 10pm. Do not contact club about other shows and dates. Irvine Improv (at The ...
Mar 6 - Orange County : Irvine
Test 10 traits that determine future success and happiness, and learn how to improve them. Oxford Capacity Analysis Center Church of Scientology San Diego 1330 4th Ave. 92101 (619)239-2091 www.scientology.org/you
Mar 5 - San Diego : San Diego
You will be receiving access to all of Vegas through our VIP party planners and deals at the following:, Table and bottle deals, drink specials, and more !!! Listed Below is just a general outline of some of the deals we can offer on any give week excluding busy holidays like new years, memorial weekend, labor day weekend, 4th of July weekend, special events, subject to capacity, and management reserves all rights meaning this is a limited offer so always get to the venue early. Vegas changes every ...
Mar 2 - Las Vegas : Las Vegas
2 L.A. Laker Tckets with parking included,,First Row(row A) right behind the players for Fri Feb 28 at 7:30 pm at Staples Center,,Valued at $580,,only asking for $400,,Call or text (951) 907-6856
Feb 26 - Inland Empire : Riverside
Marquee on Monday nights has 3 floors and four dance rooms. For more information about Hakkasan and the mystery 5th floor please see the blog. Good for groups. Any club any night. Pricing depends on how many men and women, which club and who the entertainer is. We will go over the style of music you like. With over 50 clubs in Vegas it gets confusing. This is my job and I need to have my books and phone calls to keep up. Who plays house, hip hop, techno, EDM? We are here to help. We offer Comps ...
Feb 25 - Las Vegas : Las Vegas
Honda Center Luxury Suite | West Regional | Anaheim, CA Honda Center Luxury Suite w/ 16 Tickets NCAA Men's Basketball West Regional Contact Us for Pricing
Feb 19 - Orange County : Anaheim


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CEST phase mapping using a length and offset varied saturation (LOVARS) scheme.
Title | CEST phase mapping using a length and offset varied saturation (LOVARS) scheme. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2012 |
Authors | Song X, Gilad AA, Joel S, Liu G, Bar-Shir A, Liang Y, Gorelik M, Pekar JJ, van Zijl PCM, Bulte JWM, McMahon MT |
Journal | Magnetic resonance in medicine : official journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine |
Volume | 68 |
Issue | 4 |
Pagination | 1074-86 |
Date Published | 2012 Oct |
Abstract | Chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI is a promising new technique for cellular and molecular imaging. This contrast allows the detection of tumors and ischemia without the use of gadolinium as well as the design of microenvironment-sensitive probes that can be discriminated based on their exchange contrast properties and saturation frequency. Current acquisition schemes to detect and analyze this contrast suffer from sensitivity to spatial B0 inhomogeneity and low contrast-to-noise-ratio, which is an obstacle to widespread adoption of the technology. A new method to detect chemical exchange saturation transfer contrast is proposed here, termed "length and offset varied saturation" which acquires a set of images with the saturation parameters varied so as to modulate the exchange contrast. Either fast fourier transform or the general linear model can be employed to decompose the modulation patterns into separate sources of water signal loss. After transformation, a length and offset varied saturation phase map is generated, which is insensitive to B0 inhomogeneity. When collected on live mice bearing 9L gliosarcomas, and compared to the conventional asymmetry in the magnetization transfer ratio map using offset increment correction, the results show that length and offset varied saturation phase mapping obtains about three to four times contrast-to-noise-ratio and exhibits less B0 artifacts. |
DOI | 10.1007/s12975-011-0110-4 |
Alternate Journal | Magn Reson Med |


text:
OSCEOLA — Electronic medical records are a life-or-death issue at Sac-Osage Hospital — not necessarily just for the patients, but for the hospital itself.
Rural hospital faces tough decisions with federal demand of electronic records
Tuesday, August 4, 2009 | 7:02 p.m. CDT
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text:
Welcome International Customers
We're excited to share our jewelry collection with you!
Just choose your country and currency to personalize your shopping experience.
We're excited to share our jewelry collection with you!
Just choose your country and currency to personalize your shopping experience.
Item#: 815815
An RS exclusive. Our python necklace is crowned in a 2.70 ct. pear-shaped emerald, slinking across the neckline in .40 ct. t.w. emeralds and .20 ct. t.w. diamonds. Satin-finished 18kt yellow gold over sterling silver and golden leather cord necklace.
Our 100%
Width: | 1/4-1 3/4 inches |
Metal: | 18kt Gold Over Sterling Silver |
Finish: | Satin and Polished |
Other Material: | Leather |
Clasp: | Lobster LOBSTER CLASP: named after the pinching style of the hook, this clasp is often shaped like a lobster's claw. Use your finger to work the lever to open the clasp. |
Stone 1: | Diamond Diamond: The hardest and most brilliant of all gemstones, a diamond can make the heart race with its pure and fiery spark. An ancient symbol of love, a diamond is the preferred gemstone for tokens of affection, such as rings, earrings, necklaces and bracelets. Diamond is the birthstone for April. (Quantity: 72, Shape & Cutting Style: Round, Color Grade: H-I, Clarity: I1-I2, Weight: 0.20 ct. t.w.) |
Stone 2: | Emerald EMERALD: the birthstone of May, and from the beryl mineral family, the emerald has been a prized possession of royalty since ancient times and a good quality emerald can be as or even more expensive than a fine diamond of the same carat. Emeralds are considered the traditional gift for the 55th wedding anniversary. (Color: Green, Quantity: 7, Shape & Cutting Style: Round, Weight: 0.40 ct. t.w., Size: 2.5 mm) |
Stone 3: | Emerald (Color: Green, Quantity: 1, Shape & Cutting Style: Pear, Weight: 2.70 carats, Size: 11x7 mm) |
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POUGHKEEPSIE, N.Y. -- The Poughkeepsie teacher accused of stabbing her co-worker, faces three and a half years in prison after taking a plea deal in court on Friday. According to attorney Gary Greenwald, Ronette Ricketts, 40, pleads guilty to a reduced charge of first degree attempted manslaughter.
Greenwald said her initial charge was attempted murder. Police said Ricketts stabbed her co-worker approximately 16 times with a screw driver in December of 2011. Following the incident, Rickett's actions were due to a mental illness.
"We had the strongest psychiatric defense in my career. You're talking about a highly respected teacher, walking down a hallway with a colleague and a friend, and out of right field for no reason, stabbing her a multitude of times. The stressors were off the charts in regard to her. She had paranoid delusions," said Greenwald.
Ricketts will be sentenced on January 3rd.


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