text:
Kannada people
Total population | |
45 million native (2001 census, only India)[1] | |
Regions with significant populations | |
India | 45 million |
United States | 100,000 |
United Kingdom | 50,000 |
Canada | 10,000 |
Australia | 5,000 |
United Arab Emirates | 10,000 |
Languages | |
Kannada | |
Religion | |
Hinduism • Jainism • Christianity • Islam | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Dravidian · |
The Kannada(ಕನ್ನಡಿಗ) or Kanarese people, known as the Kannadiga,[2] are the people who natively speak the Kannada language.[3] Kannadigas are mainly found in the state of Karnataka in India and in the neighboring states of Kerala, Maharashtra, Goa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. The English plural is Kanarese, Kannadas, or Kannadigas.
Early settlements[edit]
Settlement in Karnataka is found to be existent at least from the 2nd millennium BC as explored in Brahmagiri archaeological site near Chitradurga district, central Karnataka. Chandravalli exploration has revealed interaction of Roman and Chinese travelers around the 2nd and 3rd century BC.[4]
Kannadigas have built powerful empires and kingdoms with Kannada as the official language.[5] The language was once popular from Kaveri to Godavari as mentioned in the Kannada classic Kavirajamarga of 850 CE.[6] Archaeological evidences prove Kannada inscriptions found as far north as Madhya Pradesh (Inscription of Krishna III) and Bihar.[7] The great Karnataka Expansion provides insights to kingdoms of northern India whose originators were from Kannada country.[8]
The major empires and kingdoms, their regal capital and most distinguished kings were:
- Western Ganga Dynasty - Talakadu - Durvinita
- Kadamba Dynasty - Banavasi - Mayurasharma (Mayuravarma)
- Badami Chalukya - Badami - Pulakesi II
- Rashtrakuta - Manyakheta - Amoghavarsha I
- Hoysala - Belur and Halebidu - Veera Ballala II
- Kalyani Chalukya - Basavakalyana - Vikramaditya VI
- Southern Kalachuri - Kalyani - Bijjala II
- Vijayanagara - Hampi - Hakka, Bukka
- Keladi Nayaka - Ikkeri - Shivappa Nayaka
- Kingdom of Mysore - Mysooru - Nalvadi Krishnaraja Odeyar
- Alupas of Canara - Udupi - Aluvarasa II
Minor dynasties that have played an important role in the development of Kannada language, culture and polity were Chutus of Banavasi (feudatory to Satavahana Empire),[9][10] Tuluva Dynasty of Canara,[11] Rattas of Saundatti (Belgaum),[11] Guttas of Guttal (Dharwad region),[12] Banas of Kolar,[13] Nolambas of Nolambavadi,[14][15] Vaidumbas,[16][17] Chengalvas,[11] Kongalvas,[11] Sendrakas of Nagarkhanda (Banavasi province), Yalahanka Nadaprabhu,[18] Sindas of Yelburga (Bijapur-Gulbarga),[12] Kadamba of Hangal.[19]
In addition, other well known kingdoms that patronized Kannadiga poets and Kannada language were:
- Eastern Chalukyas[11]
- Kakatiya dynasty[11]
- Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri[20]
- Shilahara[11]
- Kadambas of Goa[21]
Immigrants from Karnataka[edit]
In addition to those empires that ruled from the Karnataka region, based on inscriptions and literary evidence historians have discussed the possibility that kingdoms of Kannada origin were established in other parts of India as well.
The Karnatak Kshatriyas of Bihar,[7][22] the Chalukyas of Gujarat,[23][24] the Chalukyas of Vengi (Eastern Chalukya),[23][25][26] the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri,[27][28][29][30] the Rashtrakuta family ruling from Berar (modern Amravati district, Maharashtra),[31] and the Rashtrakutas branch of Gujarat (Lata branch),[32][33] are some possible examples.
Kannada art[edit]
Sculpture has been the epitome of art in Karnataka. Be it the musical pillars of Hampi, which is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site,[34] the ekashila (monolithic) statue of Gommateshvara Bahubali that was voted by Indians as the first of Seven Wonders of India,[35] the Yelu Sutthina Kote of Chitradurga (The Fort of Seven Laps) cutting across hill or the wholesomeness of carvings of temples which bared down all desires to be left out of it and formless (above all forms) all encompassing — the inner garbhagrihas.[citation needed] The temples of Karnataka had in them many shaili or varieties to credit. A majority of the temples were built using the locally available stones.
Some of the places of interest are:
- Ellora Caves houses the Kailasanatha temple of Ellooru (Known today as Ellora, is a UNESCO World Heritage site) was built by the Rashtrakutas.
- Elephanta Caves island was a summer resort of Rashtrakuta kings.
- Ajanta Caves have sculptures of Rashrakutas and Badami Chalukyas.
- Hampi houses the ruins of the Vijayanagara Empire and is declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO[34]
- Pattadakal is a vesara style of Hindu temple architecture, a UNESCO World Heritage Site[36]
- Badami cave temples, a regal capital of the Badami Chalukyas, now famous for its sandstone cave temples[37]
- Aihole is known for its many temples[38] and inscriptions of Chalukya Pulakesi II in the Old Kannada script[39]
- Basavakalyan, a major centre of social and religious movement in 12th century by Basava, consists of temples in Chalukyan architecture[40]
- Itagi is home to the Shiva temple built by Vikramāditya. Considered to be the best specimen of Kalyani Chalukyan art, it has as many as 68 decorated pillars, an ornate tower and a doorway of great workmanship[41]
- Lakkundi
- Belur
- Halebeedu
- Shravanabelagola
- Saumyakeshava Temple, Nagamangala
- Lakshminarayana Temple, Hosaholalu
- Mallikarjuna Temple, Basaralu
- Ikkeri
- Keladi
- Banavasi
Pioneer sculptors include:
Modern day contemporaries include visionary architects such as:
- Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, father of modern Indian engineering, Kannambadi Katte or KRS dam
- Kengal Hanumanthaiah, Vidhana Soudha
Dasa Sahitya is the literature of Bhakti movement composed by devotees in honor of Lord Vishnu or one of his avatars. Dasa is literally "servant" in Kannada and sahitya is literature. Haridasas ("servants of God") were preachers of Bhakti to Vishnu. The bhakti literature of these Haridasas is collectively referred to as Dasa Sahitya. It is composed in the Kannada language.[44]
The Haridasas richly contributed to the heritage of Karntataka music.[44][45] They made an indelible impression on the religious and cultural life of Karnataka by spreading the didactic teachings in a musical form to the hearts of the common folk.[46] Like other doyens of Indian classical music, these scholars offered prayer to Vishnu through music, called naadopasana. The Lord is described as Samagana priya, and bhakti through music is the most preferred path to 'reach' Him.[47]
The Haridasa compositions are popularly known as Devaranamas. Compositions like Krishna Nee Begane Baaro, Venkatachala Nilayam, Jagadoddharana, Tamboori Meetidava are some of the many examples of their scholarly work.
Some noted Haridasas or composers of Dasa Sahitya are:
- Purandara Dasa, widely regarded as Karnataka Sangeeta Pitamaha or "Father of Carnatic music"[48]
- Kanaka Dasa, a younger contemporary of Purandara Dasa
- Sripadaraja
- Vyasatirtha
- Vadirajatirtha
- Jagannatha Dasa
- Jayatirtha
- Gopala Dasa
- Vijaya Dasa
- Naraharitirtha
One of the oldest forms of music in the region is Karnataka Shastreeya Sangeetha which has evolved over ages. Both Hindustani and Karnataka variations are respected and nurtured by Kannadigas. Bhavageete and Sugama Sangeetha are some innovations. Other forms of music include Gamaka,[49] Joogera Pada and Lavani.[50] Yakshagana is considered a unique and indigenous form of both music and dance of Karnataka.[51]
Contemporary musical thespians are:
- Pandit Bhimsen Joshi, recipient of the Bharat Ratna — India's highest civilian honor[52]
- Gangubai Hangal, awarded both Padma Bhushan and Padma Vibhushan in 1971 and 2002 respectively[53]
- C. Aswath, recipient of Karnataka Rajyotsava Prashasti for his immense contribution to Bhavageete[54]
- Veene Doraiswamy Iyengar
- Puttaraj Gawai
- Honnappa Bhagavathar
- P. Kalinga Rao
- Balappa Hukkeri
- Mallikarjuna Mansur
- Basavaraja Rajguru
- Veene Sheshanna
- T. Chowdiah
- Sawai Gandharva
- Kumar Gandharva
- Mysore Ananthaswamy
- Mysore Manjunath
- R.K.Shrikantan
- Vinayaka Torwi
Rangabhoomi or the theater culture is a tradition with Kannadigas. While a lot of gadhya (literature) is written in praise of the heroic characters of the epics and puranas, there are major works depicting the kings and their rule. These are called Naataka (plays having wide ranging stages for performance like Rangamancha staged in either theaters or on streets) and Bayalata (ಬಯಲಾಟ).[55] As its etymology indicates, bayalu means open-air field and ata means theater. In southern Karnataka, the eastern and western varieties of Yakshagana are termed Bayalata, whereas in the north several other distinct genres are included under the name.[56]
Harikathe which covers an entire night is another form where one (or more) person tells a story in an outstanding manner accompanied by music at background.[57] It is a common feature to narrate battles, stories, devotions or vratha in front of temples on auspicious days like Dasara and Maha Shivaratri.[58] Harikathe is a composite art form composed of story telling, poetry, music, drama, dance, and philosophy. Today, late-night Harikathe sessions are organized overseas where Kannadiga population is considerable.[59]
Vasanta Habba (ವಸಂತ ಹಬ್ಬ), which means "spring festival" in Kannada is a cultural festival organized by the Nrityagram foundation in Bengaluru. It is a very popular event and is considered the classical Woodstock of India.[60] First held in 1990, it now attracts the best musicians, dancers and cultural artists from across India.[61] Similarly,'Bengaluru Habba (ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಹಬ್ಬ is a congregation of art performances at places in the city which is successfully celebrated every year. It aims to provide aesthetic entertainment to a wide cultural, social and demographic cross-section of the city's people by partnering with corporates and other stakeholders since 2003.[62] In 2006, the Government of Karnataka tried to bring the folklore and art into the city of Bengaluru by initiating Jaanapada Jaatre (ಜಾನಪದ ಜಾತ್ರೆ) which was hugely successful and received well by art lovers. It is usually held on select weekends in Lalbagh and other parts of the city.[63]
Some famous theatrical, cinematic and television personalities like T P Kailasam, Gubbi Veeranna, C. Honappa Bhagavathar, G V Iyer, Dr. Rajkumar, V. Shantaram, Puttanna Kanagal, Kalpana, B. S. Ranga, B V Karanth, Girish Kasaravalli, Shankar Nag, T.S. Nagabharana, T N Seetharam have contributed for its richness.
Dance forms[edit]
The mystic and spirited reliving of legends and epics are the major depictions in dance forms. With the theater of battle scenes of heroism, loyalty and treachery, colour and pageantry are the main subjects. More are adapted with the course of nature and seasons adding colour to the harvesting seasons. Tribal forms of dance can be found limited in the regions inhabited by Soligas, of which Pinasee is a traditional dance form.[64] The people of Kodagu in the Western Ghats also have their own dance forms.
Some of the folk dances and classical dance forms in Karnataka include:
- Dollu Kunitha, a popular drum dance accompanied by singing
- Kamsale, danced to the tune of a rhythm instrument of the same name made of brass
- Veeragase, a vigorous dance based on Hindu mythology which is demonstrated at the Mysore Dasara procession
- Yakshagana is a musical theater popular in coastal and Malenadu regions of Karnataka
- Gaarudi Gombe, where dancers adorn themselves with giant doll-suits made of bamboo sticks
- Moodalapaya
- Bayalata featuring stories of Puranas rendered as dance
- Bharatanaatya, a classical dance form practiced predominantly by young females and women
- Srikrishna Parijatha
- Kolata is performed with coloured sticks and usually involves both men and women dancing together
Kalaa Kshetras (the abode of art)[edit]
- Karnataka Chitrakala Parishat
- Chowdiah Memorial Hall
- Gaayana Samaja
- Ranga Shankara
- Nrithya Grama
- Ravindra Kalakshetra
- Gubbi Veeranna Rangamandira
- Janapada Loka
- Rangayana
- Ninasam
- Prabhat Kalavidaru
- Natya Maya[65]
- Sanathana Kalakshetra
Martial arts[edit]
The martial arts more prevalent in parts of North Karnataka with Garadi Mane present in every village and a head to train the youngsters into fit individuals. Kusthi, Malla Yuddha, Kathi Varase (which can be seen depicted in Veeragase and similar to sword fighting), Malla Kambha (gymnastics on a pole structure with/without rope) are some of the prominent arts practised.
The Mysore Odeyars arrange kaalaga or fights like Vajra Mushti during Dasara festival which is made less frightening these days as they are publicly staged. Rock lifting, Bull race, Kusthi, and Kabaddi are popular sports.[66]
Yogasana, Praanayama and health-related camps are very popular throughout the state and some of the best Yoga practitioners can be found here. Art of Living is one such organization immensely popular all over the world.
Kannadigas celebrate festivals throughout the year presenting the diverse culture and belief of the ethnicity. Festivals have varied reasons to celebrate.
- Agriculture: Upon onset of monsoon, sowing or harvest there are festivals celebrated like Chaandramana Ugaadi (marking of new year), Makara Sankranthi and Huttari.
- Monsoon: Dasara/Navarathri, Ayudha Puja
- Puraana: Maha Shivarathri, Varamahalakshmi Vrata, Bheemana Amavasye, Swarna Gowri Vratha, Ganesha Chaturthi, Naagara Panchami, Ratha Sapthami, Krishna Janmashtami, Rama Navami, Vijaya Dashami, Vaikunta Ekadashi, Naraka Chaturdashi, Bali Padyami and others.
In the countryside, a dana jaathre (livestock fair) is held which is a conglomeration of people where a local demigod is worshiped and a ratha or theru (chariots) are moved by the bhakthas and daasoha (free food) is arranged for the visitors.
North Karnataka has a unique blend of Hindu and Muslim brotherhood with people celebrating festivals in unison and exchanging goodwills owing to great revolutionary Shishunala Sharif and Guru Govinda Bhatta who had displayed their religious tolerance and spiritual unity of all religions.
Christmas is celebrated at large in Bengaluru and Mangalooru which host some of the oldest churches and educational institutions of the country. Buddha, Mahaveera, Shankara, Basavanna and Gandhi are remembered on their birth anniversaries.
The cuisine of Karnataka includes many vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes. The varieties reflect influences from the food habits of many regions and communities from the three neighbouring South Indian states, as well as the state of Maharashtra to its north.
Some typical everyday dishes in Kannadiga homes include Bisi Bele Bath, Jolada Rotti, Ragi Rotti, Akki Rotti, Saaru, Huli, Davanagere Benne Dosa, Ragi mudde, Chitranna (lemon rice) and Uppittu. The famous masala dosa traces its origin to Udupi cuisine.[67] Plain and rave Idli, Mysore Masala Dosa and Maddur Vade are very popular in South Karnataka. Kadabu, a kind of rice dumplings, is a popular and ethnic food in South Malnad regions such as Sakaleshpura, Mudigere, Somwarapete, etc. and is consumed with huchellu (black sesame) chutney.
Among sweets, Mysore Pak, Dharwad Pedha, Chiroti, Belagavi Kunda are well known. Hurnagadab, Hurnaholige, Karadantu of Gokak and Amingarh, Shenga Holige and Sajka have origins in the Malnad region. Indis (chutneys) of Karnataka have a very distinct taste and flavour. Some popular ones include Shenga indi (groundnut), Agashi indi, Karal indi, Inichi indi and Mavina indi (mango). Similarly, Karnataka uppinakai (pickles) too are very distinct from the rest like Mavina thokku (fine mango pickles), Nimbekai uppinakai (lemon pickles), Tenga Mavina uppinakai (entire mango pickle), gaajri uppinkai (carrot pickle) and menshinikai uppinakai (chili pickle).
The costume of Kannada people varies from place to place. The Kannadiga male costumes of South Karntaka mainly include Panchey (often tied as Kachche) or Lungi (wrapping style depends on the region) and a shirt. During the era of Kingdoms, the crowns available mainly were Mysuru Peta and Dharwad Peta. Shalya is a piece of long cloth which is put on shoulder commonly seen in countryside. Many use Khadi in their clothing till date of which politicians are prominent ones.
Karnataka has the only village in the country which produces authentic Indian national flags according to manufacturing process and specifications for the flag are laid out by the Bureau of Indian Standards at Hubli.[68]
Female costumes include Seere of which Ilakal Seerey and Mysore silk (government owned) are famous. Seere has variations of draping depending on regions like Kodagu, North and South Karnataka and Karavali. Young women in some parts of Karnataka traditionally wear the Davani (half saree).
Urban male costumes comprises a trouser, shirt and sandals while that of females include churidar and moderate heeled sandals. Jeans are popular among the youth, while new age Khadi/silk printed with art or emblem also find place. Kasuti is a form of embroidery work which is very popularly sought-after art on dress and costumes.
Kannada literature is filled with literary figures and pioneers all through. With an unbroken literary history of over a thousand years,[69] the excellence of Kannada literature continues into the present day: works of Kannada literature have received eight Jnanpith awards[70] and fifty-six Sahitya Akademi awards.
Pampa, Ranna and Ponna are considered as three jewels of Old Kannada (Halegannada). Janna was another notable poet of this genre.
Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi, Allama Prabhu, Madhvacharya, Vidyaranya, Harihara, Raghavanka, Kumara Vyasa, Sarvajna, Purandara Dasa, Kanaka Dasa, Shishunala Shareefa, Raghavendra Swami etc. were pioneers of Nadugannada. All these have been inviolved with social and cultural movements and hence this was the golden era of literature which brought about a renaissance in Kannada literature. They all had a characteristic naamankita (insignia) which would denote a power equaling a God in popular comparison. The literature saw the Vachana (said), Tattva (that-ness), Sharana (saviour [of God]), and Dasa (slave [to God]) padas (short poetries) reach the common man's ignorance into great depths leading to Siddhanta (philosophies).
Kuvempu, D. V. Gundappa, Da Ra Bendre, B. M. Srikantaiah, Masti Venkatesha Iyengar, Shivaram Karanth, V K Gokak, U R Ananthamurthy, P. Lankesh, Girish Karnad, G S Shivarudrappa, Gorur Ramaswamy Iyengar, Pu thi Narasimhachar, Chennavira Kanavi, Gopalakrishna Adiga, TaRaSu, A N Krishna Rao, Govinda Pai, S.L. Bhyrappa, Poornachandra Tejaswi, Thriveni, K. S. Nissar Ahmed, K.S. Narasimhaswamy, Chandrashekhara Kambara, Siddhaiah Puranik, G.P. Rajarathnam, T P Kailasam, Anupama Niranjana, M. K. Indira, Dodda Rangegowda etc. are popular literary figures. This period was amalgamation of literature works which crossed across boundaries under a vast roof encompassed by art and theatre fields. The literature works of Kannada in Navodaya is crowned with eight Jnanpith awards.[71]
Kannada Thantramsha or software is developed under Kuvempu University. There is a sizable open-source community based in Bengaluru.
Some of the contemporary active institutions of Kannada literature are
- Kannada Sahitya Parishat
- Academies operating as its wings include Tulu, Konkani, Kodava, and Urdu. A Byari academy is the latest academy opened in Karnataka.[72]
- Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate
Kannada journalism[edit]
Mangaluru Samachara was the first Kannada news publication as early as 1843 by German missionary Hermann Mögling.[73]
List of newspapers:
Contemporary popular Kannadigas[edit]
Spiritual leaders[edit]
- Sree Sree Dr.Shivakumara Maha Swamiji, Sri Siddaganga Math,Tumkur,Karnataka
- Sree Dr.Balagangadharanatha Swamiji, Sri Adichunchanagiri Maha Samsthana Math
- Sri Vishwesha Teertharu (Pejavara Shreegalavaru)
- Sree Siddharudha Swamiji, Siddaruda Math, Hubli
- Beerendra Keshava Tarakananda Puri
- Sree Dr.Veerendra Hegde, Dharmasthala
- Sri Ravishankar Guruji, Art of Living
Gandhian philosophers[edit]
- H. Narasimhaiah
- Kollur Mallappa
- B D Jatti - former president and vice president of India
- Mailara Mahadevappa
- Gudleppa Hallikeri
- Dore Swamy
Modern science and technology[edit]
Some of the distinguished scientists are
- Vishveshwariah - Sir MV was the genius who helped shape modern India. A Bharat Ratna recipient and a true engineering visionary.
- Raja Ramanna - Indian nuclear scientist and father of the Indian nuclear bomb.
- Dr. M.C. Modi - One of the greatest ophthalmologist of the world and an unparalleled humanist.
- C. N. R. Rao - One of the foremost solid state scientists of world. Also chairman of Science Advisory Council of GOI. Recently awarded with India's highest civilian award Bharat Ratna
- S. Shankar Sastry - Dean of the College of Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley.
- Vivek Murthy (age 36) is an American physician who has been nominated by U.S. President Barack Obama to serve as the 19th Surgeon General of the United States.
More prominently leading example of one who studied in Kannada medium and reached such heights.
- Narayan Hosmane - biochemistry and cancer research.
- Roddam Narasimha[74] - senior scientist IISc, chairman JNCASR.
- S. K. Shivkumar - scientist, ISRO telemetry (ISRO), associated with Chandrayaan-1
- C. R. Rao - statistics, mathematician.
- Shrinivas Kulkarni - professor of astrophysics and planetary science at Caltech, United States of America.
- Udipi Ramachandra Rao - Indian space scientist and father of the Indian modern space technology.
- K. N. Shankara - Indian space scientist and master in satellite payload technology.
- Shakuntala Devi - mathematics
Karnataka is one of the few states which, while a leading contributor for GDP of the country[75] and home for industries, has preserved its forests and wildlife. The evergreen Sahyadri and Western Ghats are home to protected Wildlife of Karnataka. The Kannadiga culture protects and balances Kaadu and Naadu as can be seen. Although seen scantly still the state enjoys the diversity owing to tribal sects of Soliga, Badaga, Jenu Kuruba, Hakki Pikki, Lambani and other inhabitants of forests. See Appiko Chaluvali.
Some noted environmentalists include
- Ullas Karanth (tiger research biologists/zoologist)
- Sanjay Gubbi
- S. R. Ramaswamy
- Nerain Jain
- D.V Girish
- Chinnappa
- Saalumarada Thimmakka
- Suresh Heblikar
- Poornachandra Tejaswi (ornithologist / littérateur)
- Snake Shyam
- Krupakar-Senani
Current cricketers[edit]
Retired cricketers[edit]
- Rahul Dravid
- Anil Kumble
- Javagal Srinath
- Gundappa Vishwanath
- Vijay Bhardwaj
- Venkatesh Prasad
- B. Chandrashekhar
- E. A. S. Prasanna
- Roger Binny
- Sunil Joshi
- Syed Kirmani
- Sujith Somasunder
- Dodda Ganesh
- David Johnson
- Brijesh Patel
The Kannadiga culture[edit]
The Puranas describe the region as Kishkindha in the ages of Ramayana. There are also literary evidences for the region of Mysore called as Mahisha Mandala after a demon named Mahishasura. Parashurama and Hanumantha are some epic characters to be cited relating to place.
Punya Koti[edit]
One of the most prominently popular and acknowledged Jaanapada song is "Dharani mandala madhyadolage" which narrates an incidence between mother cow and an aggressive tiger in a country called Karnata
Karnataka as now can be viewed as a multicultural state — almost all the religions that can be found in India can be found here and there has been lot emigration as well due to which multi-ethnic diaspora can be seen. As the kingdoms provided a safe centres for development of all cultures we can see a huge diversities from region to region. Even the language and dialects varies from place to place. The language has evolved distinctly in both the backyard (folk/basic/prakrutha) and frontyard (refined and related to Samskrutha/Sankrit) of the culture.[citation needed] It can be said that the major works of Sanskrit have originated and continues to evolve here.[citation needed] Shringeri, Udupi are some of nerve centres. One of the leading examples include a village near Shivamogga where people speak only Sanskrit till date. Bengaluru has almost all language speakers of India.
One of the most acknowledged concept is to be a Vishwa Maanava or universal being. In Kuvempu's ideology this has a renowned explanation "Every Child is born as a Vishwa Maanava or a Universal Human. It is we who make him Alpa Maanava or Little Human by putting various constrictions of borders rituals and castes. It hence becomes responsibility of our culture to again make him a Universal Being unbound and free." The Kannadiga culture is known to provide shelter and self-respect to people by owning them and their culture.[citation needed] Two colonies for refugees from Tibet are formed, one near Mundgod and one near Kushalanagara, protecting them from Chinese atrocities. Karnataka has sheltered flood victims of northeastern India like Assam and provided them jobs. One of the easily seen diversity is the surnames which vary from hugely like some may involve names involving a Hindu and Muslim name or having a Hindu Christian name (more found in Mangalore) or even a Muslim Christian name. Hindu is normally considered a misnomer for Sanathana.
Karnataka and parts of Maharashtra are the only states which have diversity of including Malenadu Nithyaharidwarna — evergreen ghats and Bayaluseeme which have different ways of living in the same state.[citation needed] Not only this but it acts as a gateway to North and South Indian cultures. It may come as a surprise that Karnataka is next only to Rajasthan in India when it comes to area under arid land but still Southern Karnataka is referred to as Gandhada Gudi — temple of sandalwood found in its protected forests.[citation needed]
Political sphere[edit]
After the Odeyar era who already had established democracy by naming elected representative called Saamantha in southern regions as early as 19th century, the 1947 partition brought a centre into being under democracy and Karnataka accepted a bicameral legislature. But this was a functionally a failure as there always has been a tug of war from centre and states to an extent that from the 1990s to 2010 there have always been different political parties operating at centre and state. North Karnataka had other problems of getting independence more from Nizams. So there were two spheres. Lack of will and coordination and constant fights have been hallmark of politics which has prevented a regional party/media from arising in the land. Kerala being a neighbour where hugely successful communist ideology in bringing up literacy levels has a backing here and a few naxalite outfits function in Karnataka.
Functional failure of all pillars of democracy even being upper riparian state can be clearly seen in the Kaveri River Water Dispute issue. The failure extended to bureaucracy and Karnataka reached the position of being fourth most corrupt state of India[76] due to political and bureaucratic lobby. Because of this, Lokayukta (see N. Venkatachala) was formed but could not get the required powers to deal with the powerful. In the field of press and journalism P. Lankesh and S. Gurumurthy[77] are some of the noted ones famous for their leftist affiliations.
Horanadu Kannadiga[edit]
Horanadu Kannadigas (or non-resident Kannadigas) are Kannadigas who have migrated to another state or country, people of Kannada origin born outside Karnataka, or people of Kannada origin who reside permanently outside of Karnataka. N R Narayana Murthy, speaking at the 2011 World Kannada Conference, opined that Kannadigas who move out of the state are respected everywhere.[78] Although the failure in political arena has reflected in the cultural isolation of emigrants, some of the successful functional bodies include Singara (Singapore),[79] Dehali Kannadiga (New Delhi), Mumbai Karnataka Sangha (Mumbai),[80] Mallige Kannada Balaga (Mauritius),[81] North America Vishwa Kannada Association (NAVIKA) and Association of Kannada Kootas of America (AKKA) in the USA have promoted cultural involvement[82] through events such as Kannadotsava.
Kannada Kannadiga Karnataka[edit]
During the period of British rule, state of Karnataka as it stands today did not exist. Areas that today comprise Karnataka were under as many as 20 different administrative units with the princely state of Mysore, Nizam's Hyderabad, the Bombay Presidency, the Madras Presidency and the territory of Kodagu being the most important ones. In effect, nearly two-thirds of what is now Karnataka fell outside the rule of the Wodeyar kings of Mysore. In addition the proposed state had six neighbours — Goa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala — and all had Kannadigas in them.
What this meant for the Kannadigas in these regions was that they were reduced to linguistic minorities wherever they were. Kannadigas in the Hubli-Karnataka region for example, came under the rule of the Bombay presidency where Marathi was the official language. Those in the Hyderabad-Karnataka region came under the Nizam's rule where Urdu ruled.
It was in this backdrop that the movement that first started as a protest against linguistic oppression, soon morphed into one that began demanding a separate state be created consolidating all Kannada speaking regions. This was essentially a movement that was spearheaded by the poets, journalists and writers and was called the Ekikarana or 'Unification' movement. India gained independence in 1947. The joy of independence soon gave way to disappointment as the new government started dragging its feet on Karnataka Ekikarana movement. Kannada speaking areas now got grouped under five administrative units of the Bombay and Madras provinces, Kodagu, and the princely states of Mysore and Hyderabad. The Akhila Karnataka Ekikarana Parishat met in Kasargod and reiterated the demand for a separate state for Kannadigas.
The ratification in parliament of the recommendations of the Fazal Ali Committee brought joy to the Kannadiga population that now was merged under the state of Mysore. With all the joy, came the acute disappointment at the non-inclusion of certain parts in the Mysore state. The biggest disappointment lay in the non-inclusion of Kasargod in the newly formed state. The irony lay in the fact that Kasargod was one of the bastions from which the Ekikarana movement had launched its agitation. This is an issue that continues to rankle those who fought for the unification of Karnataka. Some like literary giant and nonagenarian Kayyara Kiyyanna Rai who was part of the movement since its earliest days still continues to fight for Kasargod's merger with Karnataka albeit peacefully. Belgaum border dispute is another controversial issue which has led to huge turmoil in border of Karnataka and Maharashtra.
On 1 November 1973, under Devaraj Urs as chief minister, Mysore state was renamed as Karnataka since it was felt that Karnataka was more 'inclusive' of all the other regions of Karnataka than the name Mysore.
Some of the active Kannada pro organisations include
- Karnataka Vidyavardhaka Sangha
- Karnataka Ekikarana Samithi
- Karnataka Rakshana Vedike
- Kannada Chalavali Vatal Paksha
Kannada ethnic flag[edit]
The Kannada ethnic flag is a banner with two horizontal stripes, yellow on top and red on the bottom.[83] The flag although neither officially declared nor represents any legendary empire but something which is accepted in recent times unofficially representing a symbol of welfare as turmeric (ಅರಿಶಿಣ) and kumkum (ಕುಂಕುಮ).
See also[edit]
- Kannada film industry
- Kannada language
- Kannada literature
- Kannada poetry
- Karnataka
- Karnataka literature
- List of people from Bangalore
- List of people from Karnataka
- List of people of North Karnataka
- North Karnataka
- Parijatha, a 2012 Indian Kannada romantic film.
- Siribhoovalaya - a unique literary work[84]
- ^ "Census 2001: Talen per staat". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Kannada masculine Kannaḍiga, feminine Kannaḍati, plural Kannaḍigaru
- ^ "Encyclopedia of World Cultures - Canarese, Kannadiga". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Chandravalli
- ^ Amaresh Dutta, pp141-142
- ^ a b Thapar (2003), p 433
- ^ Kamath (2001), pp 84, 90
- ^ Moraes (1931), p 4
- ^ Purava HaleGannada or Pre-old Kannada was the language of Banavasi in the early Christian era, the Satavahana and Kadamba eras (Wilks in Rice, B.L. (1897), p 490
- ^ a b c d e f g Narasimhacharya (1988), p 68
- ^ a b Cousens (1996), p15
- ^ Mahalingam in Adiga (2006), p 130
- ^ Adiga (2006), p 134
- ^ Their territory included modern Tumkur, Chitradurga, Kolar, Bellary and Bangalore districts. Chopra et al. (2003), part 1, p 163
- ^ Adiga (2006), p 142
- ^ They were an Andhra dynasty who ruled over Kurnool, Cuddappah in the 10th century. There inscriptions are in Telugu and Kannada. Chopra et al. (2003), part 1, p 163
- ^ Also known as the Kempegowda family, builders of modern Bangalore-Kamath (2001), p 240-241
- ^ Two coins of the Hangal Kadambas exist, one with the Kannada inscription Saarvadhari and other with Nakara. They are preserved in the Royal Asiatic Society and Indian Historical Research Institute, Mumbai - Moraes (1931), p 385
- ^ Kamath (2001), pp 143-144
- ^ The coins of the Kadambas of Goa are unique in that they have alternate inscription of the king's name in Kannada and Devanagari in triplicate. This shows that the native vernacular of the Goa Kadambas was Kannada. Moraes (1931), p 384
- ^ Kamath (2001), p 8
- ^ a b Altekar in Kamath (2001), p 73
- ^ Altekar 1934, pp 21–22
- ^ Keay (2000), p 170
- ^ The Eastern Chalukyas were originally of Kannada stock who later encouraged Telugu Dr. K.S.S. Seshan, University of Hyderabad. "APOnline-History of Andhra Pradesh-ancient period-Eastern Chalukyas". Revenue Department (Gazetteers), Government of Andhra Pradesh. Tata Consultancy Services. Retrieved 2006-11-12.
- ^ Shrinivas Ritti and A.V. Narasimha Murthy in Kamath 2001, p 137
- ^ Seuna coins carry Kannada legends from the beginning of their rule (O.P. Varma in Kamath 2001, p 137)
- ^ Masica, Colin P. (1991). "Subsequent Spread of Indo-Aryan". The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press. p. 45. ISBN 0-521-29944-6.
- ^ Majority of the Seuna inscriptions are in Kannada and during the formation of the kingdom, the Nasik-Ahamadnagar region (Seuna Desa) was a Kannada territory (Kamath 2001, p 137)
- ^ A Kannada dynasty may have been created in Berar under the rule of Badami Chalukyas (Altekar 1934, pp 21–22)
- ^ The Gujarat Rashtrakutas signed even their Sanskrit records in Kannada because that was the language of the place of their origin (D.R. Bhandarkar in Kamath 2001, p 73)
- ^ The Gujarat Rashtrakutas would not have signed their inscriptions in Kannada language in far away Gujarat unless they were Kannadigas (Altekar 1934, pp 21–22)
- ^ a b "Group of Monuments at Hampi/Hampei". World Heritage. Retrieved 2006-12-20.
- ^ "And India's 7 wonders". The Times of India. August 5, 2007.
- ^ The Chalukyan magnificence[dead link]
- ^ "Badami Cave Temple". Retrieved 2009-03-02.
- ^ "Aihole Temple relocation". The Hindu. 2007-02-20. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Message with Long Life: Indian Inscriptions". Dr. Jyotsna Kamat. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ^ "Basavakalyan getting facelift". Hindu.com. 2007-08-08. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Kalyani Chalukyan temples". Templenet. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Medieval Indian Literature, An Anthology (1997) by Shiva Prakash H.S., edited by Ayyappapanicker, Sahitya Akademi ISBN 8126003650, pages 198–200
- ^ "Veteran Indian singer Gangubai Hangal dies". Google News. Associated Press. 2009-07-21. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
- ^ a b Haridasa Contribution to Kannada Literature
- ^ Nilakanta Sastri, K.A. (2002) [1955]. A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar. New Delhi: Indian Branch, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-560686-8.
- ^ Sharma, B.N.K (1981,2000) [1961]. History of Dvaita school of Vedanta and its Literature. Bombay: Motilal Banarasidass. ISBN 81-208-1575-0.
- ^ OurKarnataka.com(OKC). "History of Karnataka - The Haridasa Movement". Ourkarnataka.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "The Hindu Online". Hinduonnet.com. 2005-02-10. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Ornamentation in South Indian Music and the Violin By Gordon N. Swift" (PDF). Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Thielemann, Selina (2000). The Music of South Asia. New Delhi: A. P. H. Publishing Corp. p. 521. ISBN 978-81-7648-057-4.
- ^ OurKarnataka.com(OKC). "YAKSHAGANA - The music of celestial beings". Ourkarnataka.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Bharat Ratna for Vocalist Pandit Bhimsen Joshi". Rediff. Retrieved 2009-02-21.
- ^ "Padma Awards". Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India). Retrieved 2009-05-16.
- ^ "About C. Aswath". Caswath.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Manohar Laxman Varadpande (1992). History of Indian theatre, Volume 2. Abhinav Publications. p. 311. ISBN 9788170172789.
- ^ "Karnataka Folk Theatre - Imitation of the Divine". Indiaprofile.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Special Correspondent (2011-06-20). "Harikatha sapthaha from today". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ News, Express. "20,000 devotees to get together for Shivratri". Newindianexpress.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Auckland Kannadigas enjoyed Harikathe on the occasion of 'Dasara'[dead link]
- ^ "Vasanthahabba from Feb 2". Online Edition of The Times of India, dated 2004-01-29 (The Times Internet Ltd). 2002-01-29. Retrieved 2007-08-12.
- ^ Kavita Mandana. "A spring in their step". Online Edition of The Deccan Herald, dated 2004-01-17. The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. Retrieved 2007-08-12.
- ^ "About Bengaluru Habba". Bengaluruhabba.co.in. 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Jaanapada Jaatre, The Hindu
- ^ Soliga welcome planned for Kalam, The Hindu
- ^ natyamaya.in
- ^ Details regarding Dasara Wrestling competition held in Mysore is provided by Shankar Bennur. "Dasara wrestling to offer 'thunder' bouts". Online Edition of The Deccan Herald, dated 2005-09-30. 2005, The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. Retrieved 2007-04-04.
- ^ a b Raja M - 'The dosa, like most other south Indian culinary exports, is often linked to Udupi, a small temple town in the state of Karnataka'. "India's new offering to curry Western flavor". Asia Times, June 24, 2004. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
- ^ "Karnataka Khadi Gramodyog Samyukta Sangh (Federation), Hubli". Khadifederation.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "The living bard". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Posted by: Prasad (2011-09-19). "ಡಾ. ಚಂದ್ರಶೇಖರ ಕಂಬಾರರಿಗೆ ಜ್ಞಾನಪೀಠ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ". Thatskannada.oneindia.in. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Jnanpith for Kambar, The Hindu
- ^ "Government establishes Beary Academy". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 25 August 2007.
- ^ Hermann Mögling's contribution to the Kannada literature is mentioned by Shrinivas Havanur. "Herr Kannada". Online Edition of The Deccan Herald 2004-01-18. 1999 The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^ "Science centres planned at taluk and district levels". Hindu.com. 2005-09-16. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "GDP contribution". Kar.nic.in. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Bureaucratic Corruption". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ S Gurumurthy of The New Indian Express[dead link]
- ^ Belgaum, March 11, DHNS:. "NRN opens heart to Kannadigas". Deccanherald.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ Singara - Kannada Sangha (Singapore)[dead link]
- ^ "Karnataka Sangha Mumbai". Karnataka Sangha Mumbai. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Mallige Kannada Balaga: Spreading Fragrance of Karnataka in Mauritius". Daijiworld.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ TNN Jan 5, 2002, 11.05pm IST (2002-01-05). "AKKA to host world Kannada meet in US from Sept 2". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ "Kannada ethnic flag:". Flagspot.net. Retrieved 2013-09-17.
- ^ [1][dead link]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kannada people. |
- John Keay, History of India, 2000, Grove publications, New York, ISBN 0-8021-3797-0
- Suryanath U. Kamat, A Concise history of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present, Jupiter books, MCC, Bangalore, 2001 (Reprinted 2002) OCLC: 7796041
- Dr. Romila Thapar, The Penguin History of Early India, From Origin to 1300 AD., 2003, Penguin, New Delhi, ISBN 0-14-302989-4
- Altekar, Anant Sadashiv (1934), The Rashtrakutas And Their Times; being a political, administrative, religious, social, economic and literary history of the Deccan during c. 750 AD to c. 1000 AD, Oriental Book Agency, Poona, OCLC 3793499
- K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, History of South India, From Prehistoric times to fall of Vijayanagar, 1955, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002), ISBN 0-19-560686-8
- R. Narasimhacharya, History of Kannada Literature, 1988, Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, Madras, 1988 ISBN 81-206-0303-6.
- Malini Adiga (2006), The Making of Southern Karnataka: Society, Polity and Culture in the early medieval period, AD 400-1030, Orient Longman, Chennai, ISBN 81-250-2912-5
- George M. Moraes (1931), The Kadamba Kula, A History of Ancient and Medieval Karnataka, Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, Madras, 1990 ISBN 81-206-0595-0
- Rice, B.L. [1897] (2001). Mysore Gazatteer Compiled for Government-vol 1. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 81-206-0977-8.
- Chopra P.N., Ravindran T.K., Subrahmanian N. (2003), History of South India (Ancient, Medieval and Modern), Chand publications, New Delhi ISBN 81-219-0153-7
- Cousens, Henry, (1926), The Chalukyan Architecture of Kanarese Distrcits, Archeological Survey of India, New Delhi, OCLC 37526233


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You usually can continue breast-feeding your child if you become pregnant. If you breast-feed while you are pregnant, be aware of the following issues:
By | Healthwise Staff |
Primary Medical Reviewer | Sarah Marshall, MD - Family Medicine |
Specialist Medical Reviewer | Kirtly Jones, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology |
Last Revised | April 12, 2013 |
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Research shows that #music does all kinds of great things for kids. http://t.co/oq8zjJkkDC #SanfordChildrens 01:50 PM Feb 25 |

subset: commoncrawl


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excess | |
—n | |
1. | the state or act of going beyond normal, sufficient, or permitted limits |
2. | an immoderate or abnormal amount, number, extent, or degree too much or too many: an excess of tolerance |
3. | the amount, number, extent, or degree by which one thing exceeds another |
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[C14: from Latin excessus, from excēdere to go beyond; see |
excess ex·cess (ĭk-sěs', ěk'sěs')
An amount or quantity beyond what is normal or sufficient; a surplus.


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Split Rock Creek State Park - Activities
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Error. Submission of this item to your trip planner may have timed out. Please try again or check your trip planner to make sure it has been added.
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Other Date Information
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Attraction Attributes
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Categories > Celebrities > Panic! At The Disco > Deadly Affair
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1 ReviewsReviews
Deadly Affair
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Written by Olive Oil
While I am at work my coworkers will ask - what are you wearing? I ask them if it is too strong a scent and they ensure me that it is not -- they only ask what I am wearing because they like the subtle scent.
February 25, 2014
Written by Angela -- Salem, Oregon
I actually bought this fragrance because my mom because it is her favorite! :)
February 22, 2014
Written by Cathie H. Of Utah
I love love love Design Perfume. I get so many compliments wherever I go. I wear it everyday. I won't leave home without it! It's the best with my pheromones than any I've ever worn.
February 17, 2014
Written by italianjam
Each time i wear this someone will ask me what fragrance i have on
February 17, 2014
Written by JoAnn W.
Design is the perfect fragrance for anyone. I get more compliments when I wear it!
February 12, 2014
Design House: Paul Sebastian
Year Introduced: 1985
Fragrance Notes: honeysuckle, spicy carnation, citrus, warm musky notes and rose.
Recommended Use: daytime
Availability: In Stock Now
recommended age: perfect for anyone
scent strength: moderate
classification: flowery
recommended use: casual
scent life: 6-10 hours
Your Trusted Source Since 1997


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Cedar Rapids Weather
Cedar Rapids Man Leads Police on Second High-speed Chase in a MonthBy Christy Aumer, Reporter
CEDAR RAPIDS, Iowa - A Cedar Rapids man could face additional charges after leading police on a second high-speed chase in a month with the same vehicle, officials said.
Courtney M. Beard, 26, of 1503 Center Point Rd. NE was taken to St. Luke's Hospital around 10:30 p.m. Monday, for a complaint of pain after leading police on a high speed chase, crashing into a snow bank and running from officers. According to authorities, the chase began after police attempted to stop Beard who was traveling about 52 mph in a 30 mph zone near the 300 block of 29th Street NE. Officials said Beard didn't stop, and instead turned onto First Avenue and began traveling at about 70 mph. He then turned onto 32nd Street and began driving around 90 mph and then entered Interstate 380 heading southbound, authorities said. Beard continued to travel on I-380 southbound driving at about 100 mph in a 55 mph zone near J Avenue. Officials said he exited the Interstate at H Avenue, lost control of the vehicle and crashed into a snow bank at the bottom of the off-ramp. Authorities said Beard left the vehicle and began running towards Shaver Road NE. Beard led officers into a parking lot and around several truck trailers, and then back towards Shaver Road NE where he slipped on ice and fell, authorities said. Beard was then taken to a nearby hospital for complaint of pain, and after being released was taken to the Linn County Jail on a $9,150 bond. Beard could face charges of interference with official acts, driving while barred, attempting to elude, failure to maintain control, failure to provide proof of insurance and speeding. About two weeks prior to this incident, Beard was arrested after driving off during a traffic stop and leading police on a chase in southwest Cedar Rapids. The chase was later called off because it was near a school, and authorities knew it was Beard because he handed an officer his college identification card when he was pulled over. Beard was taken to the Linn County Jail on Friday, December 14, but later released on his own recognizance. Beard was driving a white Pontiac Grand Prix in both chases. Police did not know the driver of the vehicle was Beard until after he was taken in custody, Sgt. Cristy Hamblin said. Conversation GuidelinesBe KindDon't use abusive, offensive, threatening, racist, vulgar or sexually-oriented language. Share KnowledgeBe truthful. Share what you know and what you are passionate about. Stay focusedPromote lively and healthy debate. Stay on topic. Ask questions and give feedback on the story's topic. Report TroubleHelp us maintain a quality comment section by reporting comments that are offensive. If you see a comment that is offensive, or you feel violates our guidelines, simply click on the "x" to the far right of the comment to report it. read the full guidelines here » Commenting will be disabled on stories dealing with the following subject matter: Crime, sexual abuse, property fires, automobile accidents, Amber Alerts, Operation Quickfinds and suicides. |
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PrAna: Women's Danika Cape
Out of Stock
Keep cozy as you're out and about in the comfy soft warmth of the Danika Cape. An easy flowing style layers well with any outfit.
- Cape-like sweater
- Rib collar and hem
- Tonal intarsia pattern at front chest in contrast textured yarn
- Oversized button closure
- Standard fit
Fabric: | 55% Cotton/34% Acrylic/10% Polyester/1% Spandex |


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There are around 50 local businesses in Castle Douglas that either produce or sell quality food and drink. The town is a thriving centre for prosperous local farming. The Stewartry Agricultural Show is an annual event that takes place nearby.
Beside Castle Douglas is Carlingwark Loch, dotted with islands and great for boating and learning to sail and picnicking. At the far end of the loch are Threave Gardens, open to visitors all year.
On an island in the River Dee stands 14th century Threave Castle, the great fortress of the Douglases, which can be reached by ferry. Nearby is Threave Wildfowl Refuge, an important place for wintering wildfowl, where visitors can watch the birds from hides.


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SunLED is one of the world's leading manufacturers of Optoelectronic products. Since their establishment in 1989, SunLED has grown and propelled to offer an exceptional extensive line of LED Lamps, Surface Mount LEDs, and LED Displays. SunLED produces more than 320 million LEDs every month to support customers' demands.
With SunLED's commitment to provide global exposure in North America, in 1995 SunLED Corporation established its stateside office based in Los Angeles, CA – Sales, Technical Support, Customer Service & Stocking Facility. The SunLED/US branch shares and creates strong core values to drive their robust foundation. Since the beginning, SunLED has always stood for providing quality products, offering the most cost effective solutions and providing the utmost excellent customer service. SunLED is an organization that strives for perfection, making a statement for everyone to remember: "SunLED – Guaranteed to Shine! "
Corporate Mission SunLED's objective is to provide the highest quality of optoelectronic products using the latest technology while offering the most cost effective solutions, fastest delivery, and best service to their valued customers.
Core Values At SunLED, they strive to build and provide a strong foundation with their principles. Over the past years of their business' growth, SunLED still and will always follow their "Core Values": Quality, Service, Commitment and Focus.
Above the Rest From engineering and product design, to quality manufacturing, SunLED devotes a majority of their resources to acquire the latest manufacturing equipment to further expand and enhance their products. What categorizes SunLED to be Above the Rest? Some of the key factors:


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For reprints and/or copyright permission, please contact Jay Mulhern, (781) 972-1359, email@example.com.


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Ramble RV Levelers, Set of 2
(3 Reviews) Add A ReviewCatalog Item # 29418
Reg $42.99
For information call 1-888-626-7576.
Ask a Question
Just place at RV or trailer tires and drive on to level up. Non-slip traction tread gives tires something to grip. Molded, reinforced polypropylene won't splinter, absorb water or rot like wood. Durable, lightweight and easy to clean-just hose them off.
Technical Specs
Weight: 4.25 lbs.
Dimensions: Each is 15"L x 5 1/4"W x 3 1/4"H
Manufacturer: Intersource Enterprises Co Ltd
Mfg Part #: D10-171
Tech Notes: Shipping Weight: 5 lbs.
Ramble RV Levelers, Set of 2: Customer Reviews
from Liberty, MO
Ramble RV levelers
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Quck Level
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Ask a Question
Ask your question today to get answers from other owners of this product and Camping World staff members. If you have a question for customer service such as pricing, shipping or order information please do not submit your question through this form. Please contact Customer Service.


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Village South - Apartment Rentals in Nashville, TN
Village South Apartments Description
Just off Franklin Road, within minutes of interstates, downtown and several major universities. Great shopping, dining and entertainment are close by with 100 Oaks and Green Hills Mall. On-site management and maintenance increase your comfort. Come in and introduce yourself! We want to welcome you home. Please call for an appointment today.
Pet Policy
Cats and Dogs are allowed. Restrictions or other terms: Please call for details..
- Laundry
- On-site Management
- Fitness Center
- On-site Maintenance
- Near Public Transit
- Courtyard
- Courtyard Pool and Sundeck
- Neighborhood Fireplace and Meeting Area
Village South
801 Inverness Avenue
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Apartment Rentals Near Nashville, TN
- Post Ridge Apartments 595 Hicks Rd Nashville, TN 37221 Phone Number: (615) 823-8211
- 865 Bellevue Apartments 865 Bellevue Rd Nashville, TN 37221 Phone Number: (615) 237-5784
- Hillmeade Apartments 6800 US-70S Nashville, TN 37221 Phone Number: (615) 442-3463
- Village At Vanderbilt 403 Village At Vanderbilt Nashville, TN 37212 Phone Number: (615) 823-8301


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Silver Shield Swedish Ivy
Plectranthus argentus
An extremely easy to grow foliage plant! It continues to be the highlight of our container plantings here at Veseys. Large, soft, textured silvery-grey leaves on upright spreading stems. Very robust plants reach a height of 2 feet. Mixes well with all other plants in containers or in garden plantings. Prefers full sun or partial shade. Start seed inside 10-12 weeks before planting out. Pelleted seed. Approximately 10 seeds/Pkg.


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I mentioned this in another post but thought it could be it's own subject.
For those who have moved (and paid themselves since that seems to make a big difference in how you look at it) what would you not bother to take now and what do you wish you had moved?
I am thinking of things that weigh quite a bit or are more trouble to pack than they are worth. For instance I was told it costs about $150/box for china to be packed and moved. now that may be worth it for good china or sentimental stuff but for my $36 set or the Mikasa I've had for years and never really liked I am not so sure I should be taking it since it would cost less than that to replace it all. Same for my glasses. My pots don't weigh much and are expensive to replace so I'll take those. My bed is nearly on it's best before expiry so maybe that is worth replacing but then again that is a bigger expense to replace but moving it costs about 50% of what a new one would cost.
So, any suggestions?
I just drove back through the pass from Vernon today and the roads are bare and not even any snow on the sides of the road at the summit. It rained all weekend in the OK but still no snow so that is better than Calgary. Best part about moving to the OK you can now cheer for the Canucks instead of the Flames.:biglol:
We moved 3 times in two years (6 years ago), so yes, we got rid of everything that we hadn't used in a time line of a year. Also, if we didnt love it, it was donated or thrown away. We paid for a container, so shipping being expensive, we had to be strict. Even then, once the container arrived, we had in the mean time bought new stuff, and threw more things away from the container!
We did [B]not [/B]take [I]any[/I] drapes, rugs of no value, hand-me down furniture that is outdated, or not good quality, kitchen crockery and bowls and 'stuff' that was chipped or outdated, bed linen older than a year, clothes and shoes older than 2 years, artwork that was low quality, bathroom mats and 'stuff'.
So if the couch is not the love of your life, leave it. Tools we did bring with, but only the good ones, the rusted stuff we threw away. We left the tv, vhs, dvd player too-all outdated. We did bring our music system. And if you can leave the appliances, leave them! There's always something better and newer on the market.
Basic rule, if you don't love it, leave it!
Another rule we used this time around was 'if I didn't want to face unpacking it later after the move, it was thrown away.' No joy in unpacking, and definitely no joy in unpacking things you have no where to go and don't really want'
"It's all in the eye of the beholder" Friends of ours, left early for Florida and are complaining about how cool it is there (74 F). We are laughing as we state they should be here in Ontario where we have seen snow flakes but no heavy snow like Calgary. 74 is ideal for me!!!!!!!!
DBD - if it makes you look forward to your move - it is pouring rain tonight and the temperature is +10. Rainy and warm, so warm.
Never fear, there will be snow in the winter. It just won't be anything like I've seen in the weather pictures of Calgary.
My goodness! You've been on quite the adventure. I just read all about your trip to the West Coast. You've visited so many great spots ... I can imagine how difficult it is to make such a big decision.
I missed out on what got this moving saga going. I'm just glad it's not me ... and we only moved 15 minutes away from our last place! :)Two years of lingering anxiety over the zillions of details that went into that decision to move to a larger condo.
You are getting lots of great advice from the gals on this forum.
I wish you all the best ... [I]wherever [/I]you decide to unpack and settle in.
Another thought if all the papers are signed on your part you shouldn't need to be there on closing day the lawyer will deposit the money. We left the day before closing and just checked our account to make sure the money was in and kept on driving.
I didn't move anything I didn't love. Dishes are heavy as you said so this is a great time to get new when you arrive. Books are very heavy and unless they are very important to you leave them behind. I went through all my linen and got rid of any that were worn at all. Furniture I checked it over carefully and left some behind I even contacted the buyer and asked if they wanted to buy any of ours they took the TV and all the components and that saved us as we were full and would never had room for it. If it is a young couple they may not have a lot of things and be happy to buy some of your stuff worth a call. We left things like garabge cans behind they took up to much room and DH packed our paint tools which should have been tossed most were to old to use after being in storage for a year. Remember to remove ink from your printer I didn't and I have a great printer that is useless now the ink dried. Even if it seems small the weigh adds up so things like door mats aren't worth the time.
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Product Pathways - Companion Products
DyLight™ 650 Phalloidin #12956
No. | Size | Price | ||
12956S | 300 | --- | In Stock | --- |
Already purchased this product? Write a Review.
DyLight™ 650 Phalloidin allows researchers to fluorescently label the cytoskeleton of fixed cells through the binding of phalloidin to F-actin. This product is not intended for use on live cells due to the toxicity associated with phalloidin. After reconstitution the stock solution provides enough material to perform 300 assays based on a 1:20 dilution and a 100 μl assay volume.
DyLight™ 650 Fluorescent Properties: Excitation: 651 nm, Emission: 672 nm.
Actin is a ubiquitous eukaryotic protein and a major component of the cytoskeleton. At least six isoforms are known in mammals. Nonmuscle β- and γ-actin, also known as cytoplasmic actin, are predominantly expressed in nonmuscle cells to control cell structure and motility (1). Actin exists mainly as a fibrous polymer called F-actin. In response to cytoskeletal reorganizing signals during processes such as cytokinesis, endocytosis, or stress, cofilin promotes fragmentation and depolymerization of F-actin resulting in an increase in the monomeric globular G-actin form (2). Phalloidin is a naturally occurring toxic bicyclic peptide found in the deathcap toadstool, Amanita phalloides, which rapidly binds to F-actin with strong affinity (3).
Directions For Use
To make a 20X stock, reconstitute the lyophilized material in 1.5 ml pure methanol.
Fix cells for 15 minutes using fresh, methanol-free 4% formaldehyde, then rinse three times in PBS for 5 minutes each. Once fixed, please follow Cell Signaling Technology protocol for immunofluorescence. Following incubation of the primary and secondary antibodies, DyLight™ 650 Phalloidin can be diluted 1:20 (5 µl per 100 µl assay volume) in PBS and added to the cells. Allow to incubate for 15 minutes at room temperature, then rinse once with PBS. Coverslip slides with ProLong® Gold Antifade Reagent #9071 and examine specimen using appropriate excitation wavelength.
Application References
Have you published research involving the use of our products? If so we'd love to hear about it. Please let us know!
Companion Products
For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
DyLight™ is a trademark of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Cell Signaling Technology® is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.


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Ventus Cosplay (Sketch) Portraits
Artist description:
Not finish but I submitted it anyway. Jmint and DeadlyData are waiting for me and I won't make them wait any longer. Ref. used. For DeadlyData's comp. I'll finish this later. -Overik
Created Mar 14, 2010. Unless noted Copyright 2010
Overik .
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thx for drawing me ^^°°°° I was really puzzled at first http://touzoukuou.deviantart.com/#/d2e061w
oh mah gawdness really cool like really really really cool :o like i dont know what else to say XD 5h and fav XD
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Displaying results 1 - 25 of 1031 for george w. bush. Subscribe to this search
FILE - In this June 16, 2012 file photo, former President George W. Bush smiles as he takes in a baseball game in Arlington, Texas. The Rangers won 8-3. Sarah Palin and George W. Bush won't be in Tampa. Hillary Rodham Clinton and Al Gore aren't making the trip to Charlotte. And scores of other Republican and Democratic stars are taking a pass as their parties gather at every-four-years national conventions. The reasons are varied _ and political. (AP Photo/LM Otero, File)
President George H.W. Bush, in a letter recently sent to Vernon Parker, lent his name and support to Vernon Parker's campaign for Congress in Arizona's newly created Congressional District 9 (CD-9).
President George H.W. Bush, in a letter recently sent to Vernon Parker, lent his name and support to Vernon Parker's campaign for Congress in Arizona's newly created Congressional District 9 (CD-9).
President George W. Bush visits the East Valley to raise funds for Sen. John McCain.
FILE- This Nov. 11, 2000 file photo shows then Republican presidential candidate Texas Gov. George W. Bush and running mate Dick Cheney walk down a dirt road to meet with reporters, followed by Bush's dog Spot, near Crawford, Texas. For the new book "Pets at the White House," Dallas author Jennifer Boswell Pickens interviewed everyone from first family members to White House staffers to give readers a glimpse at what life is like at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. for pets and what those pets have meant to their famous owners. (AP Photo/Eric Draper, file)
U.S. President George W. Bush congratulates a group of Vietnamese performers Monday, Nov. 20, 2006, following a presentation at the Ho Chi Minh Museum in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
WASHINGTON - As Yasser Arafat was buried, President Bush raised hopes Friday for a Middle East peace and the creation of an independent Palestinian state within four years, suggesting decades of distrust and frustration could be altered by the change of Palestinian leadership.
Former President George W. Bush waves to a jogger as he drives by on the way to his new residence in Dallas, Friday, Feb. 20, 2009. A month after leaving the White House, former President George W. Bush and his wife, Laura, moved into their new Dallas home Friday.
US President George W. Bush, right, looks on after his arrival in New Delhi, India, Wednesday.
President George W. Bush poses for a picture Monday after speaking at Pueblo El Mirage RV and Golf Resort.
U.S. President George W. Bush, left, the Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, and the Slovak President Ivan Gasparovic, center, meet in the castle in Bratislava, Slovakia, Thursday.
U.S. President George W. Bush, right, meets with French President Jacques Chirac in Brussels, Belgium, Monday.
President George W. Bush, left, walks with Canada\'s Prime Minister Paul Martin at the Parliament Building before their meeting in Ottawa, Canada, Tuesday.
.S. President George W. Bush carry a platter of turkey and fixings as he visits U.S. troops for Thanksgiving in Baghdad Thursday.
U.S. President George W. Bush, left, and Ukraine's President Viktor Yushchenko, center, listen for the national anthem of the United States, at an official welcoming ceremony in Kiev, Ukraine, on Tuesday, April 1, 2008.
Russian President Vladimir Putin talks with US President George W Bush, as leaders of the G8 nations, attend a working session in the Konstantinovsky Palace in St.Petersburg, Russia, Sunday July 16, 2006.
President George W. Bush and first lady Laura Bush arrive in New Orleans at the U.S. Naval Air Station for a two-day visit to hurricane-ravaged Gulf Coast, Monday.
U.S. President George W. Bush, left, waits for the start of the Working Session of the NATO-Ukraine Commission Tuesday in Istanbul, Turkey. Sitting behind Bush is U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell, right.
WASHINGTON - Talk about an inconvenient truth. Al Gore finally won his place in the Oval Office on Monday - right next to George W. Bush. Forever linked by the closest and craziest presidential race in history, the two men were reunited by, of all things, White House tradition.
DALLAS - A month after leaving the White House, former President George W. Bush and his wife, Laura, moved into their new Dallas home Friday.
Terrorist attacks like the recent train bombings in Spain show that the world is too dangerous to trust to indecisive leaders, Vice President Dick Cheney said as he championed the re-election of President Bush on Monday in Phoenix.
WASHINGTON - A federal appeals court sided with the Bush administration Friday on an electronic surveillance issue, making it easier to tap into Internet phone calls and broadband transmissions.
BOSTON - Sen. Edward M. Kennedy, Democratic titan and patriarch of the country's most enduring political dynasty, told the party faithful Tuesday night that America can only reclaim its greatness by denying President Bush a second term.
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Dunham's Sports will open at 9 a.m. today on the west end of Lakewood Mall, providing shoppers with a full range of sporting goods.
The company spent about $1 million remodeling a section of the former Wal-Mart building to get the store ready for opening.
Dunham's, with headquarters in Waterford, Mich., has more than 160 stores in 12 states.
The American News sent questions to Tom Lemere, company spokesman, to find out more about the new Aberdeen store.
Q. Why did Dunham's choose Aberdeen?
A. Aberdeen is a market that fits well into Dunham's growth strategy. Aberdeen and the surrounding area have a great group of sports enthusiasts who buy the types of merchandise we sell.
Q. How big is your store and are there any special features?
A. The store is 50,000 square feet. One unique feature is that we have a golf club hitting room, so customers can try out the clubs before they purchase them.
Q. What products do you sell?
A. We are a full-line sporting goods store. We carry baseball, softball, football, soccer and basketball equipment, shoes and apparel. We also sell bikes, water sports equipment, kayaks and canoes.
Our Fairway Golf Center carries top brands, such as Taylormade, Callaway, Nike and Titleist.
The hunting department has all the big names, like Remington, Mosseburg, Bushnell and Barnett.
Our footwear and apparel departments are stocked with brands people love such as Nike, Under Armour, Reebok, Adidas, Columbia and Carhartt.
The exercise department carries everything a customer needs for a fantastic home gym, with names like Pro-Form, Everlast, Horizon Fitness and Marcy.
Q. Was it a priority to get open before the pheasant hunting opener?
A. You could say that was part of it, because hunting is a big department in the store. Our main goal, however, was to get the store open. We are going to be here for the long haul. What we are really shooting for is servicing the needs of the Aberdeen area for many years to come.
Q. What do you consider Dunham's strength?
A. Our strength is that we are a full-line sporting goods store, where you can get great brand names and unbelievable values.
Q. How many employees are there?
A. The store will have between 30 and 40 employees.


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Shoddy recording led to 'Louie Louie' investigation
Dec 26, 2013 | 2 Comments
By Finn J.D. John
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The Feds couldn't connect the dots way back then -- some things just never change!
• Mac on a roll (5074)
• Abused Sheridan boy improving (4624)
• FCI escapee captured (3416)
• State playoff, play-in games on tap (3258)
• Good to engage owners along trail (2552)
• Continue the quest for an Evergreen solution (2305)
• Harrop headed back to Boston (2293)
• Four Yamhill County wrestlers win state titles (2239)
• Policing the streets with a smile (1907)


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Watch Anger Management
The show features three lead characters. The first lead character is Charlie Sheen's character of Dr. Charlie Goodson. Charlie's character is a therapist focusing on anger management. This character also has a background as a failed minor league baseball player. The reason for his failed baseball career was due to anger issues, which led to his new career choice as an anger management therapist. Charlie also has several therapy groups, including a prison therapy group. The second lead actor is Selma Blair, who plays Dr. Kate Wales. Dr. Kate is Charlie's anger management therapist and best friend. Dr. Kate also gets therapy from Charlie on occasion. In addition to the friendship and professional relationship, Kate also has a romantic relationship with Charlie.
The last lead character is played by Shawnee Smith. Shawnee Smith plays Jennifer Goodson, Charlie's ex-wife. Many of Charlie's conflicts throughout the series involve Jennifer Goodson in some way. Other recurring characters are Sam, Lacey, and Nolan. Sam is Charlie's daughter. Lacey and Nolan are members of Charlie's anger management group. There are also plans to have several guest actors appear throughout the series, which include Denise Richards and Brian Austin Green.
Anger Management's first season consists of ten episodes. The premiere episode broke records with its ratings numbers. Anger Management's 5.74 million premiere viewers made the show the highest rated sitcom premiere on a cable network. The series has been met with average reviews from both critics and viewers. Many critics compare the show to Charlie Sheen's previous work, and not always favorably. Common themes throughout the series are Charlie's unorthodox and creative counseling techniques and his struggles with anger.
In the end, fans of Charlie Sheen will most likely enjoy this sitcom. Anger Management has had the most successful premiere in cable history. Due to the ratings, Anger Management will probably be around for a long time to come, especially considering the ninety episode deal that FX is considering for Anger Management.
Watch Full Episodes of Anger Management
Anger Management Full Episode Guide
Charlie's favorite partying friend becomes a priest so Charlie works to persuade him with women and liquor.
Charlie and Sean engage in a bet to see who can score first with a gorgeous woman from out of town.
Charlie gets intimate with Jordan's hot twin sister.
Charlie convinces Jordan to pose as his prison patient Wayne's fiancé.
Most Popular Anger Management Episodes
- Season 2 Episode 51 Charlie and The Last Temptation of Eugenio 3/06/2014
- Season 2 Episode 1 Charlie Loses it at a Baby Shower 1/17/2013
- Season 2 Episode 44 Charlie Does It for Science 12/05/2013
- Season 2 Episode 45 Charlie & Lacey Shack Up 12/12/2013
- Season 2 Episode 41 Charlie & Sean & the Battle of the Exes 11/07/2013
Anger Management News
Possibly lies in court may mean Lohan's sentence is worthless; more allegations of theft and hard partying in Brazil mean eyes are back on the troubled actress.
A 90-episode order is a big commitment on FX's part, and a massive undertaking on the part of the Charlie Sheen and Lionsgate. However, the network apparently believes "Anger Management" has put up ratings well worth it. If the show's rookie season continues to impress, it's bound for a syndication-ready 40 episodes per year.
Charlie Sheen is capable of some serious mayhem. Just don't accuse him of destroying something he didn't. Sheen is ready to go to court with Us Weekly over a story that he and multiple escorts destroyed a Ritz-Carlton hotel suite last weekend.
They like you, Charlie Sheen. They really, REALLY like you. It apparently doesn't matter that critics have given Sheen's new comedy "Anger Management" Hell. Viewers love it, and that's why its first two episodes shattered network (and cable) records.
Anybody else remember the scene in "Memento" wherein Leonard Shelby tells a crooked hotel clerk, "At least you're honest about ripping me off?" One wonders, what's it like for FX, knowing Charlie Sheen's past, to admit straight-up that he won't be back to rehab and doesn't plan on stopping his drinking? Must be the more nerve-racking for the network with Sheen's "Anger Management" premiering Thursday evening.
Charlie Sheen is back with a new show, following his fiasco of an exit from "Two and a Half Men." But is "Anger Management" the show that you were expecting from the ranting Sheen? For that matter, is it any good?
TMZ asked Charlie Sheen a simple question: are you on ALL THE DRUGS again? And oh, Sheen answered. The "Two And A Half Men" star wrote TMZ a...um..."poem?" Sort of? In any case, it sounds familiar to me...
Charlie Sheen and strippers - they're like crazy peanut butter and skanky chocolate. Now, imagine if, after years of being closely associated for good reason, peanut butter decided chocolate was bad for its reputation. Then imagine chocolate firing back that peanut butter's reputation pretty much sucked in the first place. There, before you've even read that Charlie Sheen nearly sued to have his name taken off a strip club's VIP room, you can't stop thinking about Charlie Sheen, strippers, peanut butter, and chocolate.
Blue Star Entertainment producer Jason Shuman claims he was unfairly dropped from former "Two And A Half Men" star Charlie Sheen's upcoming FX comedy "Anger Management". He's now headed to court to get his fair cut, Deadline reports.


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B. Rustem
Editor - Systems Engineering, Economics and Finance, Automatica
Dept. of Computing, South Kensington Campus,Imperial College London, 180 Queens Gate London, SW7 2AB, UK, Fax: 0207 581 8024
Berc Rustem, FIMA, CMath, received BSME from Robert College, Istanbul, and MSc, PhD from University of London. During 1977-80, he was research officer, Department of Economics at LSE. Subsequently, he was EPSRC Advanced Fellow, Senior Lecturer and Reader at Department of Computing, Imperial College, London, where he is currently Professor of Computational Methods in Operations Research.
He has researched control of nonlinear dynamic economic models, optimization and minimax algorithms and software, robust decision making under uncertainty in economics, finance and process systems engineering. He is currently Editor of Computational Management Science, Advisory Editor of Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control (JEDC) on the editorial boards of J of Global Optimization, Optimization Letters, and Computational Economics. He was President of the Society for Computational Economics 2002-4, editor of JEDC, 1987-2002, and chair of IFAC TC on Computation in Economics & Finance, 1992-2000.
He has published extensively, edited journal special issues, book volumes and is the author of three research monographs on optimization algorithms, multiple-objective decisions, minimax worst-case-robust decision making and risk management.


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noun \ˈkla-mər\: a loud continuous noise (such as the noise made when many people are talking or shouting)
: a loud or strong demand for something by many people
Full Definition of CLAMOR
a : noisy shouting b : a loud continuous noise
: insistent public expression (as of support or protest)
Examples of CLAMOR
- A clamor outside woke them in the night.
- city streets filled with clamor
- a public clamor for an arrest in the case
- There is growing clamor for reform.
Origin of CLAMOR
Middle English, from Anglo-French clamour, from Latin clamor, from clamare to cry out — more at claim
First Known Use: 14th century
Related to CLAMOR
- Synonyms
- howl, hubbub, hue and cry, hullabaloo, noise, outcry, roar, tumult, uproar, vociferation
- Antonyms
- quiet, silence, silentness, still, stillness
verbclam·oredclam·or·ing \ˈklam-riŋ, ˈkla-mər-iŋ\
Definition of CLAMOR
intransitive verb
: to make a din
: to become loudly insistent <clamored for his impeachment>
transitive verb
: to utter or proclaim insistently and noisily
: to influence by means of clamor
First Known Use of CLAMOR
14th century
transitive verbLearn More About CLAMOR
Next Word in the Dictionary: clamorous
Previous Word in the Dictionary: clammyweed
All Words Near: clamor
Previous Word in the Dictionary: clammyweed
All Words Near: clamor
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Crowne Plaza Queenstown
Beach Street, Queenstown 9300, New ZealandDistance: 0.0 mi5 reviewsHotel Class: 5Queenstown does not have a ton of hotel lodging options, but this is at the top-end of the available options. The hotel has a handful of rooms with a lake... more
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Browns Boutique Hotel
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Lomond Lodge
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YHA Queenstown Central
48A Shotover Street, Queenstown 9300, New Zealand (Formerly McFees)Ranked #49 overall in Queenstown hotelsDistance: 0.1 mi1 reviewWhile most YHA's are cookie cutter same-same hostels this one is uniquely disappointing. The rooms feel like solitary confinement shared with several strangers and the paper thin walls give the... more
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Base Queenstown
49 Shotover St, Queenstown 9300, New Zealand (Formerly Discovery Lodge)Ranked #48 overall in Queenstown hotelsDistance: 0.1 mi1 reviewHotel Class: 5This concrete filing cabinet for backpacker-bus lemmings has all the charm of a housing estate. The bar downstairs fits in well - it also sucks.
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