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Cruz Azul
Full name | Cruz Azul Futbol Club, A.C. | |||
Nickname(s) | La Máquina (The Machine) Los Cementeros (The Cementers) El Azul (The Blues) Las Liebres (The Hares) |
Founded | May 22, 1927 | |||
Ground | Estadio Azul Benito Juárez, Mexico City |
Capacity | 35,161 | |||
Owner | Cooperativa de La Cruz Azul | |||
Chairman | Guillermo Álvarez | |||
Manager | Luis Fernando Tena | |||
League | Liga MX | |||
Apertura 2013 | 4th | |||
Website | Club home page | |||
Cruz Azul Futbol Club, A.C, known simply as Cruz Azul (pronounced: [kɾus aˈsul], "Blue Cross"), is a Mexican professional football club based in Mexico City, Mexico; after which initially was based in Ciudad Cooperativa Cruz Azul in the Mexican state of Hidalgo. Cruz Azul plays in the Mexican Primera División and its home venue is the Estadio Azul, located in the southwestern part of Mexico City in the Colonia Ciudad de los Deportes, next to the Nápoles neighborhood. The team moved there in 1996, after playing for many seasons at the Estadio Azteca. Its headquarters are in La Noria, a suburb located in the southern part of Mexico City in Xochimilco.
They have been the Primera División champions 8 times and trail only Toluca with 10, Club América with 11, and Guadalajara with 11. Cruz Azul was also the first Mexican or CONCACAF team to reach the final of the Copa Libertadores when they lost on penalties to Argentine football giants Boca Juniors. Currently the clubs jerseys and sportswear, are being provided by the traditional English trademark Umbro. Cruz Azul is ranked 92nd in the IFFHS rankings of January 8 and is the 3rd top ranked team among CONCACAF and Mexico.
It is the top winner of the CONCACAF Champions League, along with Club América, with five titles and is according to several polls published, the third most popular team in Mexico (after Chivas and Club América).1
- 1 History
- 2 The Championships
- 3 Copa Libertadores 2001
- 4 2006-2007
- 5 Clausura 2008
- 6 Apertura 2008
- 7 Clausura 2009
- 8 CONCACAF Champions League 08/09
- 9 Apertura 2009
- 10 CONCACAF Champions League 09/10
- 11 Liga MX Clausura/Copa 2013
- 12 Players
- 13 Notable players
- 14 Managerial history
- 15 Crest
- 16 Honors
- 17 Coaching staff
- 18 Nicknames
- 19 The Cheerleaders (Las Celestes)
- 20 Popularity and rivalries
- 21 Records
- 22 Club statistics and records
- 23 Stadium
- 24 Top goalscorers
- 25 References
- 26 External links
Cruz Azul was founded under the name of Club Deportivo Cruz Azul as an amateur team on May 22, 1927. The founders were the workers of the cement maker, Cemento Cruz Azul, and Macario Acosta, and the team used to play in the town of Jasso, Hidalgo. Cemento Cruz Azul still sponsors the team, although sponsorship is currently shared with Umbro, the official sportswear of the team, Powerade, an energy drink made by Coca-Cola, Telcel and Sony. Guillermo Álvarez Marcia and Carlos Garcés were the main figures behind the creation effort and the quick success of the team, which frequently represented the state of Hidalgo in national amateur tournaments.
From 1927 to 1960, the amateur team played many times in Mexico City against the reserve squads of established professional teams such as Club Aguilitas, Necaxa, Atlante F.C., Asturias F.C. and Club Deportivo Marte. Considering the increasing success of the team, the new administration of the cement company (which changed its name to "Cooperativa Cruz Azul") decided in 1960 to build a stadium in Jasso, the Estadio 10 de Diciembre, and officially registered the team on the professional ascent division, the Segunda División for the 1960-61 season.
By 1964, under the Hungarian coach Jorge Marik, the team won the Segunda División championship, earning the right to play the following season in the highest level of professional football in Mexico, the Primera División.
That first season ended with an eighth place finish and increased hopes for the future. Just four years later, Cruz Azul won its first league tournament, under coach Raúl Cárdenas.
Cruz Azul became the most successful Mexican team of the 1970s, winning the league tournament six times between 1970 and 1980, four of them under Cárdenas, and the last two with Ignacio Trelles at the helm. Such dominance earned them the nickname La Máquina Celeste (The Celestial Machine), which is still used as the unofficial nickname of the team.
1997 brought the team its eighth and most recent championship during the Invierno 1997 tournament under coach Luis Fernando Tena, beating León by a score of 2-1. Cruz Azul won in the last minute in a penalty kick scored by Carlos Hermosillo. This was the youngest team to win eight championships in 40 years. In 2008, Cruz Azul played the three final matches. The first was against Club América in the InterLiga, where they lost in penalties. Another was against Santos Laguna in the final of the 2008 Clausura. The last match was against Deportivo Toluca F.C., which they lost in penalties.
In April 2012, Cruz Azul changed their official name from Club Deportivo, Social y Cultural Cruz Azul, A.C. to simply Cruz Azul Futbol Club, A.C.
After spending several years on ESPN Dos in Mexico and Telemundo in the United States, Cruz Azul returned to Televisa and Univision in those countries in the fall of 2013.
The Championships
Just 5 years after it ascended to the First Division, Cruz Azul won its first league championship in a series of eight, mostly from the mid-1970s.
First Championship (1968-69)
Date: February 2, 1969
Cruz Azul assured the general leadership and with it to obtain their first title, after defeating León as visitor (3-2).Fernando Bustos (' 8), Antonio Munguía (19 ') and an own goal from Leon, Efraín Loza (' 47).
Second Championship ("México 1970")
Date: October 11, 1970.
After being the runner-up last season, Cruz Azul was able to be awarded with the title again by winning the final round of this tournament, which was divided into two parts. In the first phase was able to classify as a third place in the "Pairs" crowned after the final day to defeat Pachuca on the "Ciudad Cooperativa Cruz Azul" on Hidalgo State, by 2 to 0. For the celestial them only enough to secure the tie crown, but finally won the game to do it with class. The goals were set by Octavio Muciño (64) Pat and Rafael Hernández (71 ').
Third Championship (1971-72)
Date: July 9, 1972.
In the second tournament, where the champion is defined by round matches, Cruz Azul won its third crown since winning the final who would become his fiercest rival, the Club América. This was the first season of the club playing at home in the Azteca Stadium, where for the first time using foreign elements in the template. Cruz Azul ended up as leader of the competition faced in the semifinals round of Guadalajara, although lost in the return encounter Azteca 1-0, turned in the Jalisco stadium 2-0 to reach the final. By the fact that America had defined its semifinal series against Monterrey extra to a third party, by mutual agreement of the two finalists were decided to perform one final game. Despite having a minority of fans, Cruz Azul won overwhelming azulcrema the table by a devastating 4 to 1. Following this final, was conceived a strong rivalry between the two squads, which led the Mexican "Youth Classic" match. The goals were converted by Blue Hector Pulido ('10), Cesareo Victorino ('28) and Octavio Muciño (36 'and'46). The final would be a watershed in the history of cement, since beginning the golden age of the club.
Fourth Championship (1972-73)
Date: June 19, 1973.
Cruz Azul gets two championships in a row, again finishing as the overall leader, with the semifinals to rival Atlas. Completed in the first leg at the Jalisco stadium celestial bandwagon by 3 to 2, in turn repeat the victory by 1 to 0. It should be noted that this match would be suspended just 35 minutes of the game because of the Atlas 5 players were ejected. The final against Leon would be highly disputed, as it would have to define a third party in the Cuauhtemoc stadium in Puebla. The way (in Leon) ended with a tie at 1 and round match without goals but the third game ended in a tie again with a goal in regular time. Finally, in overtime win thanks to a Cruz Azul's own goal "Tarzan" Davino. The scorers were carried blue Javier Guzman ('40) and the own goal by Jorge Davino ('114).
Fifth Championship (1973-74)
Date: May 19, 1974.
With this title Cruz Azul achieves three championships in a row, strongly throughout the regular season and league. For a change, it ends up as leader of the regular competition and eliminated in the semifinals Puebla, although rescued a draw at home to one in the back appalled at the Cruz Azul of the Strip with severe win 6 to 1. At the end facing the junior team Club Atlético Español, who manages to defeat the blue in-game trip for 2 to 1. But in return, the machine clearly won by 3 to 0 for crowns, both games were held on the Azteca stadium. The final goal of the game were given by Horacio López Salgado ('13), Fernando Bustos ('70) and Ignacio Flores ('89).
Sixth Championship (1978-79)
Date: June 30, 1979.
After a waiting period of 4 years, Cruz Azul was back to the league champions. Finishing as overall leader, ranks in the postseason round of group round robin (all against all), his pass to win the grand final. At this stage of the league faced America (0-1 and 2-1), Toluca (1-0 and 1-0) and Atlético Potosino (2-1 and 2-2) to classify the final against the Pumas UNAM. In the way of Pumas Stadium, was a tie without goals, and in turn in the Cruz Azul Azteca wins by 2 to 0 for their sixth league title. The annotations were made by Carlos Jara Saguier ('69) and Javier López Malo ('88).
Seventh Championship (1979-80)
Date: July 13, 1980.
With this new two titles in succession, Cruz Azul close a glorious era in its short history then. This time, classified as second place overall (bottom of America), and within the group stage of cement prefinalista the head table to be on the Coyotes in Neza (1-0 and 1-0), Tampico (1-0 and 0 -1) and Atlante (4-2 and 1-3) to enter the fight for the title against the UANL Tigres. On the first match, a goal scored by a free kick, by Rodolfo Montoya, at the last minutes of the match, give Cruz Azul a win as visitors. Finally, this difference was that both the balance tilted in favor of the machine, because at the turn of the Azteca stadium ended the scoring with a thrilling tie at 3 annotations. In fact, Cruz Azul, would have an advantage of 3 to 0, but was hit by the north, which, however, was a step away from forcing extra time. The entries in this match were given by Adrian Camacho ('5) and Rodolfo Montoya ('10 and'56).
Eighth Championship ("Invierno 1997")
Date: December 7, 1997.
Cruz Azul lived a long wait to win another league title, and he arrived 17 years after the third "short" tournament. Finished as the second site (a point downstream of Leon) and the league office in the quarter-finals Atlas (1-0 at Estadio Jalisco and 4-1 at Estadio Azul), and in the semifinal at Atlante (1-1 at the Estadio Azteca and 1-0 at the Estadio Azul), to face Leon in a highly contested final round. In the return game in Estadio Azul, the Machine takes the advantage with a penalty kick scored by Benjamín Galindo. In the second leg, played at the Nou Camp, the emerald team achieves a draw on the combined result 1-1 (home and away match) by Misael Espinoza, forcing extra time period. Already in extra time, the move ultimately will be remembered by a penalty kick for an aggressive foul ("a kick"), committed by Leon goalkeeper Angel David Comizzo in the face of Carlos Hermosillo, who was playing even though he had infiltrated two fractured ribs. The penalty was kicked by the very Hermosillo, at the minute '100, and scores, and with the approach of Golden Goal, Cruz Azul wins its eighth championship.
Copa Libertadores 2001
In 2001, Cruz Azul was invited to a tournament between some Mexican and Venezuelan teams. The two best teams of this tournament earned the right to play in the Copa Libertadores, a tournament of the all the best teams of South America. Cruz Azul qualified for the Copa Libertadores in its first try, and reached the final match. Cruz Azul was placed in Group 7 along with teams such as Sao Caetano, Defensor Sporting, and Olmedo. Cruz Azul finished as leader of the group with 13 points. In the round of 16 Cruz Azul faced Cerro Porteño. The first leg was played in Asunción and Cruz Azul lost 2-1. The second leg was played in Mexico and Cruz Azul won the game 3-1. The aggregate score was 4-3 in favor of Cruz Azul and they moved on to the quarterfinals. In the quarterfinals Cruz Azul faced CA River Plate of Argentina. The first leg of the match was played in Buenos Aires and ended in a 0-0 draw. The second leg was played in Mexico and Cruz Azul won 3-0. Cruz Azul was having a great run and played Rosario Central in the semifinals. The first leg was played in Mexico and Cruz Azul won the game 2-0. The second leg was played in Rosario in a very exciting match which ended in a 3-3 draw in favor of Cruz Azul due to the 2-0 victory in the first leg. In the final match, Cruz Azul played against the Argentinian club Boca Juniors, Cruz Azul lost at home the first leg 1-0, but came back to win the second leg with the same score, at Boca's stadium La Bombonera with Paco Palencia scoring the goal. Until then, no team had ever won a Copa Libertadores final match there. After the overtime due to the tie, the championship was decided by penalty kicks, where the more experienced Boca Juniors prevailed. Still, Cruz Azul surprised everybody with the unprecedented feat of reaching the final on their first try by defeating established Argentinian teams such as Rosario Central and CA River Plate.
In the 2006 Apertura, the team started off great but in the middle of the season, they had a hard time adding points on the board. Cruz Azul recovered and finished the regular season as the points leader. They have not won a title since the championship they won against Leon in 1997. For the Apertura 2006, Cruz Azul made it to the quarterfinals and faced Chivas in the Estadio Jalisco. In the first leg, Cruz Azul played a very poor game and lost 2-0. On November 25, 2006 Cruz Azul played the second leg at Estadio Azul and played a brilliant game. Cruz Azul started off strong and put Chivas keeper Oswaldo Sánchez to the test on many occasions. In the middle of the first half, defender Salvador Carmona pushed a Chivas player in the penalty area and cost Cruz Azul a penalty.Ramón Morales had no problem and put the score 1-0 in favor of Chivas in the 39th minute. Cruz Azul kept creating opportunities and at the end of the first half, César Delgado made a great play that Richard Núñez finished with a goal to tie the game right before halftime in the 45th minute. In the second half, Chivas scored thanks to Ramón Morales again to put the score 2-1 in favor of Chivas. Cruz Azul did not give up and Miguel Sabah tied the game 2-2 in the 62nd minute. Cruz Azul played a great game and ended up tying the game 2-2 but losing 4-2 on aggregate.
In the 2007 Clausura the team had a great start, finishing among the first 8 teams in the league that went to playoffs. The team had a great quarterfinal series against the Tecos of the Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, thanks to two magnificent goals from striker Richard Núñez and moved to semifinals against Pachuca FC, the top team in the league. Pachuca beat Cruz Azul in the Estadio Azul in the first leg of the series with a strong 3-1. Cruz Azul still had a chance to overcome the adverse score, but on that same evening, the Court of Arbitration for Sport communicated that team captain Salvador Carmona was declared ineligible with immediate and lifetime effect, because of a repeated doping indiscipline that occurred back in January 2006. The sanction was dated May 18, 2007, the very day of the first match against Pachuca. Arguing that player Salvador Carmona did play on that day for Cruz Azul, the Mexican Soccer Federation, aka Federacion Mexicana de Futbol sanctioned Cruz Azul by suspending the team one game from competition, under the argument of aligning an ineligible player. Many legal arguments have been raised by both the player's lawyer and Cruz Azul, but the sanction stood and Cruz Azul lost its opportunity to overcome the 3-1 and go to the final series against America. Cruz Azul had one of the best season of their victory against Mexiel.
Clausura 2008
In the Clausura the team made a great tournament, finishing in second place. The team won 9 games, draw 4 times and lost only 4 times. In quarterfinals they played against Jaguares losing 1-0 in the first leg and winning 2-1 in the second leg with goals of Pablo Zeballos and Miguel Sabah. They moved to semifinals against San Luis, the first leg was played in San Luis and Cruz Azul won 0-1 with a goal of Miguel Sabah. In the second leg, Cruz Azul and San Luis played a formidable match that ended 1-1 with goals of Eduardo Coudet and Pablo Zeballos. In the final, Cruz Azul played against Santos Laguna, second place in the tournament. The first leg ended 1-2 with a victory for Santos, and in the second leg a 1-1 make Laguna team champions.
Apertura 2008
In the Apertura the team had a good tournament, finishing in 5th place on the Mexican league. The team won 7 games, drew 5 times and lost only 5 times. In the quarterfinals they played against Pumas UNAM with a 0-0 scoreline in the first leg in the "Estadio Azul", and won 3-1 in the second leg, in the "Estadio Olímpico Universitario 1968" leaving Pumas on the way. They moved to semifinals against Atlante, the first leg was played in Mexico City, and Cruz Azul won 3-1. In the second leg, Cruz Azul and Atlante played a regular match in Cancún, Quintana Roo, that ended 1-1, resulting in Cruz Azul reaching the Final for the second time in a row in 2008. In the final, Cruz Azul played against Toluca, both teams tied on winning Mexican titles (at that time with 8 each). The first leg played in Mexico City, and ended with a dramatic 0-2 with a victory for visitors, Toluca, and in the second leg, which was played at "Estadio Nemesio Díez". Cruz Azul won 0-2, making the tie on aggregate "2-2", as the match was tied, they played "extra time" and the draw continued until going to the "Penalty - Shoot out", where Toluca won 7-6 over Cruz Azul, Alejandro Vela was the Cruz Azul "villain" because he failed the last "penalty shoot-out", another incident before the match went to "extra time", was a clear foul suffered by Villaluz on the Goal area, the toluca player "Jose Manuel Cruz Alta" crashed with the Cruz Azul player, making him unconscious, but the referee didn't mark the foul even though the Cruz Azul player was knocked out, he didn't even take a red card on the toluca player, (unfortunately Cruz Azul had made his 3 substitutions, so they ended the match playing with only 10 players, an unfair situation, that interfered directly on the final result of the match) this made the Toluca team becoming champions winning their 9th Mexican title, becoming the 3rd most successful of Mexican title winning teams. (1.-Guadalajara "11 titles", 2.-America "10 titles", 3.-Toluca "9 titles", 4.-Cruz Azul "8 titles", 5.- Pumas UNAM "6 titles", 6.- Club León and Club Pachuca tied with "5 titles").
Clausura 2009
In the Clausura 2009, the team had the worst tournament in club history en route to a last place finish. They accumulated just 13 points from a possible 51 (17 games, wins count 3 points). The team won only 2 games, drew 7 times and lost 8 times. The Club scored 26 goals, but conceded 33, for a total goal difference of -7. The Club did not qualify for the playoffs, or Liguilla. The Club sacked their manager Benjamín Galindo with one game left in the Clausura. He was replaced for the remainder of the season by Robert Siboldi who was then coaching Cruz Azul's affiliate in Hidalgo.
Cruz Azul beat UNAM 5-0.
CONCACAF Champions League 08/09
On the CONCACAF Champions League 08/09, The team made a good tournament, on the first stage ended second on the Group A, qualifying to the final stage of playoffs, defeating on the quarter finals, the Mexican team of Pumas UNAM, by 2-0, and the on the semi final round, the played against the Puerto Rico team of Islanders, by "penalty shoot-out" at Mexico City, On the Final, against another Mexican Team, Club Atlante, they had the chance to won their 6th CONCACAF championship, but they lost the first game 0-2, then on Atlante's home they tied 0-0, losing the CONCACAF Champions League 08/09 Title, and also losing the opportunity to participate on the FIFA World Club Cup 2009, on Abu-Dhabi, UAE.
Apertura 2009
In the Apertura 2009, the team had signed Javier Cambranis, to manage the team, and signed several players, such as the best goalkeeper on the previous Mexican tournament, Jose de Jesus Corona, the Derby County Striker, Emanuel "Tito" Villa, Ramon Nuñez, Emilio Hernandez, and the team successfully ended on the second place of the regular season, they made 33 points out of 51 possibles, winning 11 games of 17 played, without any game tied, and 6 games lost, they scored a total of 35 goals, and received only 19, for a goal difference of +16, and Emanuel "Tito" Villa, was the top scorer of the tournament with 17 goals, the team qualified for the playoffs, and played against Puebla F.C. on the quarter-finals, they beat Puebla (first game 4-4, second game 3-2), and on the semi-final leg, they played against Monarcas Morelia, and they won (first game 0-0, second 2-1), and went to the final, once again, for the third time in 4 tournaments in a row, they faced Monterrey FC, but they lost the final (on the first game 3-4, and 1-2 on the second), and once again the team lost another final, remaining with just 8 league titles and 8 finals lost, making the Cruz Azul Team, the only one who has played 16 finals on Mexican Tournament, but lost half (8).2
CONCACAF Champions League 09/10
In the CONCACAF Champions League 09/10, the team had a good tournament, finishing first in Group C and qualifying for the final stage of playoffs. In the quarterfinals, they defeated the Panamanian team of Árabe Unido, by 4-0, and then in the semifinal round, the played against the Mexican team of Pumas UNAM, by 5-1 at Mexico City. In the Final, against another Mexican Team, Club Pachuca, they had the chance to win their 6th CONCACAF championship, winning the first game 2-1, but losing in Pachuca's home at the last minute 1-0 by the away goals rule, thus losing the opportunity to participate on the FIFA World Club Cup 2010 in the UAE.
Liga MX Clausura/Copa 2013
During this season Cruz Azul showed a slow start with questioning over Memo Vazquez possible sacking. Cruz Azul regained confidence after beating Club America in Copa MX semi finals and winning Copa MX final vs. Atlante. After Cruz Azul won the Copa MX their Liga MX performance improved and they were considered one of the contenders for the title due to a good streak. They would face bitter rivals Club America in what would be a historical final series of the "Clasico Joven." Cruz Azul dominated the series in terms of score from minute 19 of the first leg up until minute 89 of the second leg. Cruz Azul was up 2-0 in aggregate when Club America made a miraculous comeback in the minute 89 and 93 of the second leg. Club America would go on to win in PK's.
First-team squad
As of 9 November 2013.
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
For recent transfers, see List of Mexican football transfers winter 2013–14.
Reserve squads
- Cruz Azul Hidalgo
- Affiliate team that plays in the Ascenso MX in the second level of the Mexican league system.
- Cruz Azul Jasso
- Reserve team that plays in the Segunda División in the third level of the Mexican league system.
- Cruz Azul Dublan
- Reserve team that plays in the Tercera División in the fourth level of the Mexican league system.
- Cruz Azul Lagunas
- Reserve team that plays in the Tercera División in the fourth level of the Mexican league system.
Former players
Notable players
These list players have made significant contributions to the club's history by either beening in the club for at least five years, made over 100 appearances, had scored over 50 goals, have received recognition by their home country in the form of caps, done a lot in a short period of time, or made significant contributions to the sport either before or after playing for the team.
Managerial history
Dates | Name | Notes |
1962–66 | Jorge Marik | First coach of Cruz Azul in First Division. |
1966 | Walter Ormeño | |
1966–75 | Raúl Cárdenas | Coach with more time and winner in Cruz Azul. |
1975–76 | José Moncebáez | |
1976 | Jorge Marik | |
1976 | Alfonso Portugal | |
1977–82 | Ignacio Trelles | Good coach of Cruz Azul. |
1982 | Miguel Marín | |
1982–83 | Enrique Meza | Cruz Azul more occasions coach. |
1983–86 | Alberto Quintano | |
1986–88 | Hector Pulido | |
1988 | Manuel Lapuente | |
1988–90 | Mario Velarde | |
1990–92 | Ignacio Prieto | |
July 1, 1992–Dec 31, 1992 | Nelson Acosta | |
July 1, 1993–Jan 29, 1995 | Enrique Meza | |
1995–96 | Luis Fernando Tena | |
July 1, 1996 – March 9, 1997 | Víctor Manuel Vucetich | Won the second Mexican Cup tournament for Cruz Azul. |
1997 | Jesús del Muro | |
1997–00 | Luis Fernando Tena | Won the 8th Title for the team against Club León. And lost a final with Pachuca in 1999. |
March 31, 2000–Dec 31, 2002 | José Luis Trejo | The coach who led the final Cruz Azul in the Copa Libertadores 2001. |
Jan 1, 2003–March 7, 2003 | Mario Carrillo | |
March 15, 2003 – March 7, 2004 | Enrique Meza | |
March 12, 2004–Oct 17, 2004 | Luis Fernando Tena | |
Sept 27, 2005–Dec 31, 2005 | Rubén Omar Romano | |
Jan 1, 2006–June 30, 2007 | Isaac Mizrahi | |
July 1, 2007 – June 30, 2008 | Sergio Markarián | Led Cruz Azul to a final after nearly 10 years, lost against Santos Laguna. |
July 1, 2008 – June 30, 2009 | Benjamín Galindo | Lost 2 finals with Cruz Azul, (Vs. Toluca in the Mexican Tournament, and Vs. Atlante in the Final Concacaf Champions League). |
July 1, 2009 – June 30, 2012 | Enrique Meza | Led the team to another Mexican Tournament Final, but lost against Monterrey, and a Final Concacaf against Pachuca. |
July 1, 2012 – December 3, 2013 | Guillermo Vázquez | Won the third Mexican Cup tournament for Cruz Azul. |
December 4, 2013 – Actually | Luis Fernando Tena | |
The club's crest has stayed relatively consistent since its foundation in the 1920s,3 with the blue cross in the middle surrounded by a red circle with the club's name. As years went by and titles were won, the crest was modified to proclaim Cruz Azul's achievements. Stars were added to the crest from 1972 to the actual crest used presently, which has eight.
Shirt sponsors and manufacturers
Season | Kit Manufacturer | Sponsors |
1994-97 | Azul Sport | Cemento Cruz Azul |
1997-98 | Fila | Cemento Cruz Azul/Lada |
1998-01 | Fila | Cemento Cruz Azul/Pepsi/Telmex |
2001-04 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Pepsi/Telmex |
2004-08 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Coca Cola/Telcel |
2008-09 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Coca Cola/Telcel/Sony |
2009-10 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Powerade/Telcel/Sony |
2010-11 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Coca Cola/Telcel |
2011-12 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Coca Cola/Telcel/Tecate/Volaris |
2012-13 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Coca Cola/Telcel/Tecate/Volaris |
2013-14 | Umbro | Cemento Cruz Azul/Coca Cola/Telcel/Tecate/Scotiabank |
2014- | Under Armour | Cemento Cruz Azul |
- 1968-69, México 1970, 1971-72, 1972-73, 1973-74, 1978-79, 1979-80, Invierno 1997
- Runners-up (10): 1969-70, 1980-81, 1986-87, 1988-89, 1994-95, Invierno 1999, Clausura 2008, Apertura 2008, Apertura 2009, Clausura 2013
- 1963-64
- 1968-69, 1996-97, Clausura 2013
- Runners-up (2): 1973-74, 1987-88
- 1968-69, 1973-74
- Runners-up (1): 1972
- 1969, 1970, 1971, 1996, 1997
- Runners-up (2): 2009, 2010
- Runners-up (1): 2001
- Runners-up (1): 1972
Minor trophies
- Copa Pachuca: 5
- 1997, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2007
- Runners-up (2): 2000, 2005
- 1996
Friendly championships
- Fourth place (1): 2000
- Runners-up (1): 2002
- Third place (1):2008
- Copa 5 De Mayo: 1
- 2004
- Copa Panamericana 2007 (friendly tournament)
- Copa Cuauhtemoc: 1
- 2008
- Copa Aztex: 1
- 2009
- Foursquare Champion Azteca: 81
- 1981
- Burgos Tournament Champion: 1
- 1980
- Almeria Tournament Champion: 1
- 1979
Coaching staff
Listed on the official website of Cruz Azul.4
Position | Staff |
Chairman | Guillermo Álvarez Cuevas |
Sports Manager | Agustín Manzo |
Source:citation needed
Position | Staff |
Head Coach | Luis Fernando Tena |
Assistant Coach | Pintado |
Assistant Coach | Salvador Reyes |
Goalkeeping Coach | Carlos Perez |
Team doctor | Alfonso Jiménez |
Physical & Fitness coach | Axel Bierbaum |
Physiotherapist | Ernesto Rubio |
Masseur | Antonio Ortiz |
Masseur | Alejandro Ramírez |
Masseur | Jesús Dávila |
Stagehand | Pablo Coria |
Stagehand | José Luis Coria |
Stagehand | Silverio Rivera |
Source:citation needed
Cruz Azul has a rich variety of nicknames over its history, listed chronologically:
- Cementeros: As a result of affiliation with Cruz Azul Cement, the first name refers directly to the employees of the company, as the team originally was formed with them. Over the years, the concept is extended not only to those who worked in the cooperative, but the construction workers in general.
- Liebres: When the team was promoted to the First Division in the mid-1960s, the stock showed a style of great speed and physical deployment, which was used together with mostly white uniforms. For these characteristics, the fans compared to players of those years with the hares which abound in the town, the nickname took hold, and to date still uses an anthropomorphic hare (for practical reasons of identification and icon) to represent Cruz Azul. Many fans believe that the mascot is a rabbit, but the board has officially declared that it is a hare.
- La Máquina: This nickname is fed by several sources of inspiration, first, was based on a rail out of the old Jasso toward Mexico City. As the team moved to the early 1970s Azteca Stadium and showed a spectacular football, dominant and effective, was combined with the image of a locomotive swept their opponents on the court. Cruz Azul who baptized the nickname of the Machine was the chronicler Rugama Angel Fernandez, another possible source of inspiration could be the comparison of this team with the River Plate machine that existed in the late 1940s. The nickname of The Machine, Machine derivatives from Celeste, Blue or Machine Cement Machine.
The Cheerleaders (Las Celestes)
The club has its official cheerleading club, which were included as part of the institution since 2004, since then, act as cheerleaders in the proceedings of the club in their home games before and at halftime. From its appearance of "Las Celestes" have formed part of the tradition of the club. And the only Mexican team that has as part of their group at their official cheerleaders.5
Popularity and rivalries
Since its inception, the team had supporters, mainly workers of the cement. After the promoted at the first division in the 1960s, more people began to follow the team. In the 1970s when the team managed six of their eight titles even more people joined the group of supporters of the team, until now that in this 21st century according to various surveyswhich? is the third team with the most supporters in Mexico,citation needed behind the Club Guadalajara and Club América respectively, above the club UNAM.
National Rivalries:
- Main Rivalrie: vs. Club América "Clásico Joven"
- Capital City Rivalrie: vs. Pumas UNAM "Clásico Capitalino"
- Big 4 Rivalrie: vs. Club Guadalajara "Rivality Cruz Azul - Guadalajara"
- Hidalgo State Rivalrie: vs. Club Pachuca usually named "Clasico Hidalguense"
International Rivalries:
- Libertadores Rivalrie: vs. CA Boca Juniors
- Teresa Herrera Rivalrie: vs. Deportivo La Coruña
The games of Cruz Azul against these teams are surrounded by lots of fans and the history of meetings between the teams.
- Cruz Azul has the distinction of being the only Mexican football club to win the North American treble - winning the League, Mexican, and North American championships in 1997.
- It is the second Mexican club with more titles at international level (5 titles in the Copa de Campeones de CONCACAF, plus a runner-Inter's Cup in 1972 and another in the Copa Libertadores de America in 2001).
- Mexican Club (Tied with Club América) with most titles in the Copa de Campeones de CONCACAF, with 5.
- Is the only team that lost 9 leagues finals (7).
- Holds the record for most consecutive wins in the history of the First Division of Mexico: 10 wins in the 1971-72 season.
- The Mexican team with the highest number of plays playoffs (43), counting rounds of reclassification.
- It is the first Mexican team in a final crown with a "golden goal" (1997).
- Champion of the first edition of the 2007 Pan American Cup, defeating Boca Juniors by 3 goals to 1.
- It is the team that has played league final (14) and lost (8), besides being the second most paradoxically end wins (6) (along with Deportivo Toluca and Pumas de la UNAM).
- It is the only team that thrashed in the final's Club América to win the league title (4 goals to 1) in the 1971–1972 season.
- It is one of the three teams in the history of the First Division of Mexico have been three-time league (succeeding in 1971-1972,1972–1973 and 1973–1974), the other two teams are Club América who did a decade later and the Club Deportivo Guadalajara.
- It is the youngest team to be champions and cup, reached only five years after his rise in the 1968–1969 season.
- It is the youngest team in making seven league titles. (Only in 15 years in Mexico's Primera División.)
Club statistics and records
Professional Era (1964 -)
- Seasons in Primera División: 61
- Seasons in 2nd Division o Primera "A": 4.
- Playoff for the title: 43
- Final for the title: 14 (71-72, 72-73, 73-74, 78-79, 79-80, 80-81, 86-87, 88-89, 94-95, Inv. 97, Inv. 99, Clau. 08, Aper. 08, Aper. 09)
- 1st place: 11
- Drops to 2nd Division o Primera "A": 0
- Promotion to the 1st Div: 1 (1963–64)
- Final position more repeated: 1st° (11 times)
- Best post in Primera División:
- In long tournaments: 1st (1968/1969, Mexico 1970, 1971/1972, 1972/1973, 1973/1974, 1978/1979, 1995/1996)
- In short tournaments: 1st (Winter 1998, Winter 2000, Apertura 2006, Apertura 2010.)
- Worse as in Primera División:
- In large tournaments: 18° to 20 teams: 1989-90
- In short tournaments: 18° to 18 teams: Clausura 2009.
- Highest score achieved :
- The national tournament: 8-2 vs. Toros Neza (1993–94).
- In international tournaments: 12-2 against the Leslie Green in 1988 CONCACAF Champions' Cup and 11-0 against the Seattle Sounders in the 1996 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
- Highest score received :
- The national tournament: 0-5 against América (1981–82).
- In international tournaments: 1-6 against the Fénix in the 2003 Copa Libertadores
- Most points in a season :
- In large tournaments: 57 (1978–79)
- In short tournaments: 40 (Winter 1998)
- Longest streak of games without losing :
- 19 (round 18 from semifinal round of 1973–74).
- Longest streak of games without losing at home
- 47 (1978–1980) (Mexican soccer record)
- Greater number of goals scored in a season :
- In large tournaments: 91 (1994–95).
- In short tournaments: 41 (Invierno 1998).
- Most wins in a season: 22, Season 1971–72
- Over the road wins in a season: 11, 1979–80 (Mexican soccer record)
- More games without getting goal: 5, season 1975–76, and 1983–84
- Most consecutive wins: 10, 1971–72 (Mexican soccer record)
- Most consecutive draws: 5, 1973–74
- More defeats: 6, Clausura 2004
- More draws in a season: 17, 1989–90
- More defeats in a season: 13, 1982–83 and 1989–90
- Most consecutive games without a win: 11, 1965–66
- Less wins in a season: 2, Clausura 2009
- Less ties in a season: 0, Apertura 2009
- Least defeats in one season: 1, Invierno 1998
- Player with the most goals in a season: Carlos Hermosillo with 35 in 1994–95
- Maximum winning titles
- Head Coach:
- Raul Cardenas 10 titles (League 1968-69, Mexico 1970, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, Copa México 1968-69, Campeon de Campeones 1968-69 (great champion), CONCACAF Champions' Cup 1969, 1970 and 1971)
- Player:
- Fernando Bustos 10 titles (League 1968-69, Mexico 1970, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, Copa México 1968-69, Campeon de Campeones 1968-69 (great champion), CONCACAF Champions' Cup 1969, 1970 and 1971)
- Head Coach:
The team currently plays in Estadio Azul. The stadium is located in Mexico, D.F.. The Federal District owns Estadio Azul. Currently, Cruz Azul training facilities are located at Xochimilco.
The team is planning construction of a new stadium, Nuevo Estadio Azul.
Top goalscorers
Position | Player | Country | Period | Goals |
1st | Carlos Hermosillo | México | 1991-98 | 169 |
2nd | Horacio López Salgado | México | 1971-79 | 133 |
3rd | Francisco Palencia | México | 1994-01 | 91 |
4th | Fernando Bustos | México | 1964-76 | 87 |
5th | Eladio Vera | Paraguay | 1971-77 | 77 |
6th | Pedro Duana | México | 1986-95 | 66 |
7th | Adrián Camacho | México | 1978-86 | 63 |
8th | César Delgado * | Argentina | 2003-07 | 61 |
9th | Rodolfo Montoya | México | 1976-81 | 55 |
10th | Emanuel Villa * | Argentina | 2009-12 | 54 |
11th | Octavio Muciño | México | 1969-73 | 51 |
12th | Agustín Manzo | México | 1984-89 | 50 |
13th | Carlos Eloir Perucci | Brazil | 1981-84 | 46 |
14th | Carlos Jara Saguier | Paraguay | 1978-85 | 45 |
15th | Héctor Pulido | México | 1964-77 | 44 |
16th | Miguel Sabah * | México | 2006-08 | 42 |
17th | Christian Giménez ** | Argentina | 2010- | 40 |
18th | Sebastián Abreu * | Uruguay | 2002-03 | 37 |
19th | Armando Romero | México | 1981-90 | 36 |
20th | Patricio Hernández | Argentina | 1988-90 | 34 |
21st | Ángel Morales | Argentina | 1999-02 | 33 |
22nd | Julio Alberto Zamora | Argentina | 1993-96 | 32 |
23rd | Javier Orozco | México | 2008-13 | 29 |
24th | Julio César Pinheiro | Brazil | 1999-03 | 27 |
25th | Mariano Pavone | Argentina | 2012- | 27 |
(*) Active Player (**) Cruz Azul Active Player
Tournament Top Scorers
- Horacio López Salgado 25 Goals in "1974-75"
- Carlos Hermosillo 28 Goals in "1993-94"
- Carlos Hermosillo 35 Goals in "1994-95"
- Carlos Hermosillo 26 Goals in "1995-96"
- Sebastián Abreu 19 Goals in "Verano 2002"
- Emanuel Villa 17 Goals in "Apertura 2009"
- ^ "Esmas.com". Esmas.com. 2008-02-12. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
- ^ "Cruz-azul.com.mx". Cruz-azul.com.mx. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
- ^ "Cruz Azul crest history". Maquina-azul.com. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
- ^ http://www.cruzazulfc.com
- ^ "Resultados-futbol.com". Retrieved 2012-01-10.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to CD Cruz Azul. |
HPTS - Area Progetti - Edu-Soft - JavaEdu - N.Saperi - Ass.Scuola.. - TS BCTV - TS VideoRes - TSODP - TRTWE | ||


text:
How To Do Levitation Tricks
This is a trick that enables you to appear to defy the laws of physics .Using common dinner utensils and making them appear to hover in mid air on the edge of a glass.
You may need to expirement with different forks and spoons as not very fork & spoon will slot together
Another way of performing this trick is to use two forks and put a quarter ( or other medium sized coin ) between the middle slot of the two forks when they are held together and balance this in the same way as explained above.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Sunbury, Pennsylvania
Sunbury, Pennsylvania | |
Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Northumberland County |
Map of Northumberland County highlighting Sunbury |
Coordinates: 40°51′50″N 76°47′21″W / 40.86389°N 76.78917°WCoordinates: 40°51′50″N 76°47′21″W / 40.86389°N 76.78917°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Pennsylvania |
County | Northumberland County |
Settled | 1772 |
Incorporated (borough) | 1797 |
Incorporated (city) | 1920 |
Government | |
• Type | City |
• Mayor | David Persing |
Area | |
• Total | 2.2 sq mi (6 km2) |
• Land | 2.1 sq mi (5 km2) |
• Water | 0.1 sq mi (0.3 km2) 1.40% |
Elevation[1] | 450 ft (140 m) |
Population (2012) | |
• Total | 9,835 |
• Density | 4,716.7/sq mi (1,821.1/km2) |
Time zone | EST (UTC-5) |
• Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
Area code(s) | 570 Exchanges: 286, 863, 988 |
Website | [1] |
Sunbury /ˈsʌnbɛri/ is a city in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The city is located on the east bank of the Susquehanna River, just downstream of the confluence of its main and West branches. It dates back to the early 18th century and is the county seat of Northumberland County.[2]
Thomas Edison features in the town's history, and the historic Edison Hotel was renamed in his honor. Other historic sites include the Beck House, Northumberland County Courthouse, and Sunbury Historic District, all listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[3]
Sunbury's population was 9,905 at the 2010 census.
Sunbury was founded in 1772, four years prior to the Declaration of Independence. The city is located at the site of the former Fort Augusta, built in 1756, which provided protection and order for early British settlers in the Susquehanna Valley. It was named after Sunbury-on-Thames, a town in the Surrey borough of Spelthorne, England, just outside of Greater London.[4]
Thomas Edison installed the first successful three-wire electric lighting system in July 1883 at what was then known as the City Hotel. At the city's 150th anniversary celebration in 1922, the hotel was renamed the Edison Hotel.[5]
Sunbury is located at 40°51′50″N 76°47′21″W / 40.86389°N 76.78917°W (40.863894, -76.789174).[6]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2), of which, 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) of it (1.40%) is water.
Historical population | |||
Census | Pop. | %± | |
1850 | 1,218 |
1860 | 1,803 | 48.0% | |
1870 | 3,131 | 73.7% | |
1880 | 4,077 | 30.2% | |
1890 | 5,930 | 45.5% | |
1900 | 9,810 | 65.4% | |
1910 | 13,770 | 40.4% | |
1920 | 15,721 | 14.2% | |
1930 | 15,626 | −0.6% | |
1940 | 15,462 | −1.0% | |
1950 | 15,570 | 0.7% | |
1960 | 13,687 | −12.1% | |
1970 | 13,025 | −4.8% | |
1980 | 12,292 | −5.6% | |
1990 | 11,591 | −5.7% | |
2000 | 10,610 | −8.5% | |
2010 | 9,905 | −6.6% | |
Est. 2012 | 9,835 | −0.7% | |
2012 Estimate[8] |
Sunbury is the largest principal city of the Sunbury-Lewisburg-Selinsgrove CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Sunbury (Northumberland County), Lewisburg (Union County), and Selinsgrove (Snyder County) micropolitan areas,[9][10] which had a combined population of 173,726 at the 2000 census.
As of the census of 2010, there were 9,905 people, 4,540 households, and 2,637 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,716.7 people per square mile. There were 4,864 housing units at an average density of 2,316.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city in the year 2000 was 95.26% White, 1.29% African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.91% from other races, and 1.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.09% of the population.
In 2000, there were 4,540 households, of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.2% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. 36.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.91.
In 2000, the city the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 87.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $25,893 in 2000, and the median income for a family was $33,148. Males had a median income of $26,497 versus $18,994 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,350. About 14.6% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.7% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.
Sunbury is a city of the third class. Pennsylvania Third Class Cities are municipalities with a population of at least 10,000 (at one time) but less than 80,000 residents. The city operates under a commission form of government, with a Mayor and four Councilmen. The mayor is a member and serves as president of the council. All third class cities are governed by the Third Class City Code. Each Councilman and Mayor is in charge of one of the city's major departments. The current mayor is David Persing.
These officials and the controller and treasurer are elected at-large for four-year terms. Appointments of all other city officers and employees are made by the council. The current members of city council are James Eister, Kevin Troup, Joseph Bartello, III, and Todd Snyder. The goals of these members are to enact legislation for the ethical operation of the City Government, to assist in the planning of the City's revitalization and future, and to maintain discussions with the City Administration and City residents to ensure a smooth and efficient government to govern the city.[11]
The city's police department is headed by chief of police Stephen Mazzeo. There is an extensive staff including police officers, a K-9 unit and clerical support. The department participates in the DARE anti-drug program, bolstered by drug sweeps of the city.
The Sunbury Municipal Authority manages the following services for residents, businesses and industries of the City of Sunbury and parts of Upper Augusta: drinking water, wastewater, flood control, recycling, and the Municipal Transfer Station for large rubbish. Residents may bring their trash there for disposal for a per bag or by weight fee.
In July 2007 the city council voted to begin a program aimed at dealing with blighted properties. Initially the program will address seven properties. The properties will be demolished at the taxpayer's expense and put to public use.[12]
The city is located in the 108th District Pennsylvania House of Representatives and the 27th district of the Pennsylvania Senate in the Pennsylvania General Assembly. With regards to the U.S. House of Representatives, residents are in Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district.
Notable businesses[edit]
Weis Markets, a regional supermarket chain operating in five states, is headquartered in Sunbury. The company is a significant employer in the city and the region.
Sunbury Textile Mills,[13] a quality fabric manufacturer operating in Sunbury.
R. U. Troutman & Sons, Inc.,[14] is a snack food distributor located in Sunbury. The company distributes products such as Middleswarth potato chips, Tom Sturgis pretzels, Uncle Henry hard pretzels, Keystone Food products, Trails Best meats, and more.
Great Coasters International is a world-known roller coaster design and manufacturing firm and lists its contact address in Sunbury, though it is actually located outside of the city limits.
Sunbury Motor Company. Family owned and operated since 1915. Located on North 4th Street.
The local public school system is the Shikellamy School District. The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, PA 17801. Shikellamy High School has an 84% graduation rate according to the district report card 2010. In 11th grade, 49% were proficient in math. For reading 62% were proficient in 2005-2006. The high school is ranked 384th out of 606 public high schools in Pennsylvania.
In 2007, the Pittsburgh Business Times ranked the district 434th out of 499 Pennsylvania school districts based on three years of Pennsylvania System of Student Assessment test scores.[15]
The Shikellamy School Board set the budget at $34.62 million for 2007-2008. The board levies a variety of taxes to support its programs. Taxes include 62.5 mills real estate tax in 2007.[16] Per capita taxes are $5 per resident. An earned income taxes of one-half of 1 percent of income yields a revenue of approximately $1.8 million. Additionally, the real estate transfer tax of one-half percent (Nothumberland borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township) and one percent (Snydertown borough) is levied on real estate transfers.[17]
Voters rejected a tax referendum in May 2007 which would have increased local earned income tax by 0.5 percent to reduce property taxes for homeowners and farmers by $176.[18]
SUN Area Technical Institute is a regional vocational school, offering adult education classes, vocational education, and technical career training. SUN Tech serves over 1500 people annually. ISO9001 and Middle States Accredited. SUN Tech was presented with the Significant Achievement Award in Education for raising their Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award score to 648 points, a 345 point increase from 303 points in August, 2000.
Residents also have a selection of alternative schools. By law, the local public school must provide transportation to schools within 10 miles (20 km) of the borders of the school district at no charge to the student.[19]
Parochial schools[edit]
- Sunbury Christian Academy offers pre-kindergarten through 12th grade. The campus is located just north of the borough of Northumberland. The student population is nearing 160. Programs and student accomplishments are noted regularly in local media.
- Northumberland Christian School was founded in 1972 and is a ministry of the First Regular Baptist Church of Northumberland, Pa. The school offers an educational program for students from preschool through high school.
Charter schools[edit]
- Connections Academy provides a form of public school that students can attend from home. This is a unique program that combines strong parental involvement, the expertise and accountability of publicly funded education, and the flexibility of online classes. Centered on meeting students needs and goals. Has a K-11th program. Students are required to take all state mandated, standardized tests in person at locations designated by the school.[20]
- SusQ-Cyber Charter School provides students in grades 9-12 with an electronically delivered accredited high school curriculum. SusQ-Cyber, started in Milton, PA, is now located in Bloomsburg, PA and offers individualized support and a unique learning experience.
- 21st Century Cyber Charter School is a state accredited, diploma granting school serving Pennsylvania students in grades 6 through 12. Modifications are made to suit individual student learning styles, varying academic levels and scheduling needs. Most classes are offered in honors, college prep, and career paths. All of the classes are designed to prepare the student for standardized tests such as the PSSAs. A specialized program meets the individual needs of Gifted students permitting them to escape the constraints of the local education entities.
- Pennsylvania Virtual Charter School provides a structured yet flexible, interactive environment in a program for Kindergarten through 10th grade. The rigorous instruction, high standards, informed guidance, and individual attention provide each student with the opportunity to be highly successful. Teachers interact with students via email. Additionally the Elluminate classroom gives the student access to their teachers during the teacher's office hours to ask questions related to content of a subject. "An independent audit of cyber-charter schools by KPMG Consulting, which was commissioned by the Pennsylvania Department of Education, praised PAVCS for offering a well-researched program and an appropriate assessment plan."[21]
The Degenstein Community Library is located at 40 South Fifth Street. It provides print, video, microfilm and online resources. Programs promote reading for all age levels.
The Northumberland County Historical Society maintains the Charlotte Darrah Walter Genealogical Library. It contains material on local history along with thousands of records of early families from Northumberland County and surrounding counties. Access to records is on a fee basis. There are also permanent exhibits dealing with the site in prehistoric times, at the time of the Moravian Mission and blacksmith shop, and Fort Augusta during the French and Indian War and later under the Americans, during the Revolutionary War.[22]
The Greater Susquehanna Valley United Way in 2006 commissioned a study regarding what matters most in area communities. They found that some major concerns were: alcohol and drug use among all age groups and its effects on the community, the dependency on social services and assistance across generations, and a lack of public transportation.[23] It is the intention of the organization to focus spending on these issues.
The local newspaper is The Daily Item, and there are a variety of local radio stations, including the All News/Sports channel WKOK 1070 kHz AM, the Big Country Radio Network (WLGL 92.3 FM, WYGL-FM 100.5 FM, and WWBE 98.3 FM) and WFYY Y106.5 FM and 94.1 WQKX.
Notable people[edit]
- Tim Boetsch is a UFC fighter with training in American mixed martial arts.
- Charles M. Clement, Pennsylvania Army National Guard Major General.[24]
- Lorenzo da Ponte, Mozart's librettist (Cosi fan Tutte, Le Nozze di Figaro and Don Giovanni) lived in Sunbury from 1811 to 1818.
- Steve Kline (left-handed pitcher) former Major League pitcher
- Brenda Lewis, Metropolitan Opera soprano and Broadway star
- Timothy Murphy, American Revolutionary War soldier/sniper (Battle of Bemis Heights)
- Glen Retief, Lambda Literary award winning writer and author of The Jack Bank, A Memoir of a South African Childhood.
- Shikellamy, also known as Swatana, was an Oneida chief and overseer for the Iroquois confederacy who, as a supervisor for the Six Nations, oversaw the Shawnee and Lenape tribes in central Pennsylvania along the Susquehanna River. In 1742, he moved to the village of Shamokin, modern day Sunbury, and lived there until his death in 1748. He is reputed to be buried nearby.[25][26][27]
- Peterson Toscano, playwright, actor, Bible scholar, and human rights activist.
Parks and recreation[edit]
The extensive Sunbury Riverfront Park Project is in the planning and implementation stages in Sunbury. An extensive floodwall protection system was designed and built by the US Army Corps of Engineers in 1951. Additional height was added to the wall in 2003. The system has provided protection from 15 major flood events over the past 50 years.[28] In 1972, flood waters from Hurricane Agnes crested at 35.8 feet (10.9 m) at Sunbury, two feet higher than the crest in 1936. The wall held back the water and residents showed their gratitude in messages they wrote on the wall.[29]
Hurricane Agnes in late June 1972 was blamed for 10 deaths in Lancaster County, eight in Dauphin County, five in York County and four in both Northumberland and Luzerne counties, according to the Susquehanna River Basin Commission.[30]
Additionally, a multimillion dollar fish ladder is being built across the river in Shamokin Dam to mitigate the impediment of the shad migration up the Susquehanna River that the annual inflation of the Adam T. Bower Fabri Dam causes.[31]
The Adam T. Bower Memorial Dam, an inflatable fabric-tube dam barrage impounding the Susquehanna River, creates a 3,000 acres (12 km2) Augusta Lake for recreation. It is inflated in May and deflated in the fall. The new waterfront development in Sunbury will provide a marina with transient boat docks, walking trails, gardens, an amphitheater and a new accessible fishing pier. In all three acres of land will be added to the river side of the flood wall.
The city offers baseball fields, a skating park, tennis courts, playgrounds, a community pool and a small park that is located next to the county courthouse, in the downtown area.[32]
A vacant building in the Shikellamy State Park along the river is under consideration for redevelopment as an environmental research and education center. Designed in the 1960s, the facility was originally the Basse Beck Environmental Center. It has been vacant for several years.
The city and state struggle economically, part of America's "Rust Belt". A Brookings Institute publication has cited reasons including a lack of inter-municipal coordination and cooperation, a changing employment base and a dearth of jobs paying a living wage, out-migration of young people, an aging population, the need for workforce development, and an inequitable local tax structure.[33]
The Susquehanna Industrial Development Corporation (SIDCO) received $173,500 in planning grant funding (2005) to support the redevelopment of the Wilhold Manufacturing facility located in Sunbury. The BOS funding paid for a market study, phase II environmental study, wetland review, traffic impact study and title survey. The site, an 11.6-acre (47,000 m2) former rail yard and plastic manufacturing plant, is to be developed into four, 2-acre (8,100 m2) shovel-ready sites. It was suggested that the redevelopment of this facility will result in the creation of 120 jobs.[34] The site was purchased by Moran Industries, based in Watsontown, for $200,000.[35] Moran is using the space for food grade storage.
Weis Markets has its corporate headquarters in Sunbury.[36]
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sunbury, Pennsylvania. |
Notes and references[edit]
- ^ Sunbury, Pennsylvania (PA) Detailed Profile - relocation, real estate, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, news, sex offenders
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2010-07-09.
- ^ http://www.cityofsunbury.com/Pages/Home.aspx
- ^ History of the Edison Hotel
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved November 20, 2013.
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Retrieved November 20, 2013.
- ^ MICROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENTS, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
- ^ COMBINED STATISTICAL AREAS AND COMPONENT CORE BASED STATISTICAL AREAS, Office of Management and Budget, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
- ^ "Sunbury- City Council". Retrieved 20 April 2011.
- ^ Scott, Rob, " City to take over 7 vacant houses." The Daily Item, July 24, 2007.
- ^ Sunbury Textile Mills: http://www.sunburytextiles.com/
- ^ R. U. Troutman & Sons, Inc. Distributing: http://pasnacks.com/Troutmans.htm
- ^ Valley schools all over the chart, Daily Item June 6, 2007 http://www.dailyitem.com/archivesearch/local_story_163000144.html
- ^ Shikellamy school board adopts $34.6M budget, Daily Item, June 20, 2007 http://www.dailyitem.com/0100_news/local_story_171003120.html
- ^ Shikellamy budget approved Daily Item, May 19, 2007 http://www.dailyitem.com/archivesearch/local_story_139001649.html
- ^ Tax reform proposal falls in all Valley school districts, Daily Item, May 19, 2007. http://www.dailyitem.com/archivesearch/local_story_139203055.html
- ^ 24 PS 17-1726-A Transportation to charter schools http://www.pde.state.pa.us/transportation/lib/transportation/SchoolCode_Transportation_7-17-06.pdf
- ^ http://www.connectionsacademy.com/state/home.asp?schoolCode=CCA Connections Academy
- ^ Boss, Shira, "Virtual charters: public schooling, at home", Christian Science Monitor, January 2002.
- ^ Northumberland County Historical Society web site. http://www.northumberlandcountyhistoricalsociety.org/information.htm
- ^ "Group works to define quality of life issues." The Daily Item, July 15, 2007.
- ^ J. L. Floyd & Co., Genealogical and Biographical Annals of Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, 1911, page 160
- ^ "Shikellamy Historical Marker", explorepahistory.com (Harrisburg, PA, USA: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission), retrieved July 28, 2012, "Oneida chief and overseer or vice-regent of the Six Nations asserting Iroquois dominion over conquered Delaware and other tribes. He lived at Shamokin Indian town, Sunbury, from about 1728 until his death, 1748. Said to be buried near here."
- ^ Merrell, James. "Into the American Woods: Negotiators on the Pennsylvania Frontier".
- ^ Grumet, Robert Steven (1996), Northeastern Indian lives, 1632-1816, Native Americans of the Northeast, Amherst, MA, USA: University of Massachusetts Press, ISBN 1558490019, OCLC 605358451, LCCN 95-33144, retrieved July 28, 2012(subscription required)
- ^ Background Information and Data, Sunbury Riverfront Park Project http://www.seda-cog.org/nor-sunbury/lib/nor-sunbury/riverfrontproject/finalmsp/01_background.pdf
- ^ History of Sunbury The flood wall SEDA-COG, Oct. 12, 2005.
- ^ Tropical Storm Agnes in the Susquehanna River Basin June 21–24, 1972, Susquehanna River Basin Commission, Information Sheet
- ^ DCNR to Remove Last Impediment to Shad on Susquehanna, http://www.dep.state.pa.us/newsletter/default.asp?NewsletterArticleID=3840&SubjectID=
- ^ Public parks of Sunbury http://www.seda-cog.org/nor-sunbury/cwp/view.asp?a=853&q=428179
- ^ Alter, Theodore R. "Strengthening Rural Pennsylvania" Brookings Institute. March 2007.
- ^ Business in our Sites award
- ^ Finnerty, John, "Moran buys Wilhold site", The Daily Item, Jan 13, 2006.
- ^ "Contact Us." (Archive) Weis Markets. Retrieved on May 7, 2012. "1000 South Second Street PO Box 471 Sunbury, Pennsylvania 17801"


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Herbal Sandwich Spread
Comment on this recipe
"Especially good served on whole wheat, rye or pumpernickel bread, or even on crackers."
1 package (8 ounces) tofu, drained, rinsed and mashed 2 tablespoons reduced-calorie mayonaise 1/2 teaspoon celery salt 1/4 teaspoon white pepper 1/4 teaspoon dry mustard 1/4 teaspoon dried dillweed 2 green onions, sliced 1/4 cup chopped green pepper 1 tablespoon chopped fresh parsley 1 tablespoon finely chopped dill pickle
In medium-size bowl, combine tofu, mayonaise, celery salt, pepper, mustard, and dillweed, stirring until blended. Add green onions and remaining ingredients to tofu mixture, stirring gently. Cover and store in refrigerator until ready to serve. Yield: 12 servings, 2 tablespoons each.
Mary Braden Bettendorf
Hot Dog! Potato Bake (More recipes)


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Bacterial Vaginosis--or--embarrassing bad smell |
Mar 19 2007, 03:34 PM
BUSTie Posts: 86 From: Somewhere, Canada |
I don't think I have BV, but I'm a nervous person, and when I get nervous, I get sweaty down there. And because I'm paranoid that I will smell because I'm sweaty, I get even more sweaty, and so the vicious cycle begins. Does anyone have to deal with this, and if so, do you have any tips to stop it? I've bought those Summer's Eve wipes but it doesn't seem to be enough...
Mar 19 2007, 01:11 AM
Newbie Posts: 3 From: TN |
Hello, i was just told friday that I have BV. I ended up going to the emergency room because I was in a great deal of pain. My clinic had thought maybe i had a bladder infection and prescribed antibiotics for that, about three weeks ago, but the symptoms never went away. Earlier during the week i had tried an over the counter yeast infection treatment but didn't work either. So, now that I know what it is, they have put me on Flaygl for seven days. I was wondering, for those who have been on flagyl, how long it usually takes to start feeling better? The doctor had said about 48 hours but i'm not feeling any better yet. Just very, very nauseated from the pills. Also i read something about Tetrasil and just ordered a jar of it from ebay. Does anyone know if it can actually be put "inside" the vagina? I see alot of you have had long term battles with this, i just hope mine goes away. Anything you can tell me would be really helpful and hopeful. I've had the pain and burning for a couple of months. Now that i found out what i have and have medicine I am feeling a little anxious because I'm not feeling better yet
=( |
Mar 18 2007, 08:54 PM
BUSTie Posts: 31 |
i need some flagyl fast! blah, does anyone have strategies for getting your doctor to prescribe you some ? (the last time i went to the gyno, the cultures came back negative for BV... but i'm in BV hell right now, so I want to try the suppositories thing!)
i am so depressed about this -- nothing has worked, nothing. until we find a cure, deprime |
Mar 16 2007, 06:08 PM
BUSTie Posts: 94 |
Well I started antibiotics on wed and so far today things are looking up!
I'm still having discharge but it's mostly thicker, clear stuff and NO SMELL! So hopefully this is the beginning of the end, for now anyway. I'm not confident that I'll be "cured" but it's been a long time since I was symptom free even for a little while. I just hope that I can kick this before I go to Jamacia in december... I bought 2 types (brands/concentrations) of acidophillus today and am going to use it daily both orally and vaginally. The insert with the meds said it's a pretty strong antibiotic and I'm taking a lot, so I don't want a new yeast infection, and I don't want a reocurrence of BV if I can help it. |
Mar 15 2007, 02:09 PM
Newbie Posts: 3 |
I am going to try the HP wash. I just don't want to try everything all at once, or I won't know what's working when something does start to work. I thought about using one of those little suction thingies that you use to suction a baby's nose with for the HP. I don't know what they're called, but I figure if you squeeze the HP out of it slowly, maybe it won't gush back out. A turkey baster might work too...just kidding . I used the BA last night, and I only had one gush of watery discharge when I first got up this morning, and nothing since. There's been no smell today either. I'm going to use it tonight & tomorrow night, and I'll do the HP wash on Saturday to wash away any risidual BA before I see the fiance Saturday night. I am taking my acidophilus twice a day religiously, though, and will continue to do that regardless of whatever else I do.
Thanks for all your suggestions!!! |
Mar 15 2007, 01:33 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 104 |
That is so good to hear, because I'm thinking that once I get my estrogen levels regulated, mine will go away too. Hope is a good thing Welcome Cee Cee The estroil worked for me and I didnt have hot flashes but I had a dry vagina. It took over a month to work but well worth it. I also did the HP wash a few times and at first it wasnt effective (I was using a medicine dropper) but if you use a funnel it is great. THe boric acid I used to use for months but now it seems primitive as compared to the other suggestions the ladies here have compiled/tried. Try the HP wash CeeCee, you wont have the runny discharge as you will on the boric. Also when on the boric I wouldnt let my BF go down on me for fear of him getting poisoned, it may sound silly but the HP is cleaner. For some ladies the HP didnt work but for some it did so please give it a try. Thanks |
Mar 15 2007, 11:39 AM
Newbie Posts: 3 |
Hi CeeCee! As you already know I cured my bv with estrogen=estroil. I too had hot flashes (especially at night), dry vagina, etc. I hope everything works out for you and welcome to the board! That is so good to hear, because I'm thinking that once I get my estrogen levels regulated, mine will go away too. Hope is a good thing |
Mar 15 2007, 11:21 AM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 483 |
Hi CeeCee! As you already know I cured my bv with estrogen=estroil. I too had hot flashes (especially at night), dry vagina, etc. I hope everything works out for you and welcome to the board!
Mar 15 2007, 09:17 AM
Newbie Posts: 3 |
Hi Ladies, I'm new here. I've been lurking for the past couple of days, and I'm glad i found you. I knew there had to be others out there sufferring from this awful problem too. I was diagnosed with BV 3 years ago right about the same time I started having hot flashes and night sweats. (After reading some of the articles posted here, I'm guessing my BV stems from a hormonal imabalance (low estrogen levels). I've done all the flagyl, metrogel, cleocin cream, blah, blah, blah, and none of it works for very long. I have put off using synthetic hormone replacement because I'm afraid of it, but I have recently begun using a combined natural estrogen/progesterone cream (bio identical hormones). I've been using it during the second half of my cycle for the last couple of months (because from what I understand, if you are still having a period, you only need hormone support during the second half of your cycle to get rid of the hot flashes and night sweats). So far, it has greatly reduced my hot flashes and night sweats, and now I am hopeful that if I can get my hormone levels straightened out, the BV will go away too.
In the meantime, I wanted to find something that would be a more immediate solution for the odor and the discharge. Mine is so much worse during sex. My fiance is very tolerant of the problem, but he has mentioned it a few times, and I know it bothers him. Hell, it bothers me, and it's my smell. I see that you all use many different methods to control BV, like acidophilus, BA, HP, different antibiotics, etc., but I was wondering if any of you have combined these methods with the continuous use of acidophilus probiotics? I'm kind of thinking out loud here after readding all the posts, and since BV seems to be caused by the lack of lactobacilli causing a PH imbalance, that using probiotics continuously would be a must no matter what method you're using to control the BV. Since most of these methods, especially BA and antibiotics kill all the bacteria, not just the bad ones, it kind of makes sense to me that you would need to replenish the good bacteria while you are creating a better environment for them to live in. I'm thinking I'm going to try use the BA for several days along with acidophilus, and maybe use the HP wash right after sex to see if that helps. This is a very embarrassing and difficult thing to live with. I look forward to hearing more of your treatment ideas, and how the different methods are working for everybody. It's nice to meet you all!! CeeCee |
Mar 15 2007, 08:53 AM
BUSTie Posts: 94 |
Thanks a lot Jewels, I hope so too. It's been a loing time since I've taken anything besides metronidazol so maybe the clindamycin will do the trick. If not I'm all over the flagyl, thanks for the link.
Plus I never thought I had a yeast infection too so it could be what has been keeping me from getting results with the hp, boric, folic acid, estroil and the slew of other remedies we've all tried. And hopefully it'll stop the itchy cracky bleedy exterior problem! I'm keeping my fingers crossed and thank you all so much for the kind words and continued support! |
Mar 14 2007, 11:17 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 424 |
Here's the website I purchased from the last time.
http://www.discount-rx.net/drugs/pageMaker...drugBrandId=634 This is the one that has the Live Online Help. |
Mar 14 2007, 07:36 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 424 |
Eralc: Sorry about your experience. Doctors SUCK ASS. And the worst part, I think they get kick backs on the med's they prescribe.
Hopefully this round of med's might do the trick for you. If not, seriously think about using the Flagyl. I'M STILL SMELL FREE!!! |
Mar 14 2007, 07:06 PM
BUSTie Posts: 94 |
Another new doctor, another condecending look and attitude, and another round of anti-biotics. Turns out I had a yeast infection AND bv this time so I took Diflucan and started a round of clindamycin ( 2pills, 3x a day, 2 weeks) so at least she's not afraid to get aggressive. She refused to check my hormones though saying that if I get my periods than there's no problem.
She also completely brushed off my mention of something new my sister found for me, and article in a magazine for nurse practitioners about Cytolytic Vaginosis and Lactobacillosis. Turns out the problem for some women can be too much lactobacilli present in the vagina. I don't think this is me, but if you have problems with whiteish discharge and no smell this could be you. I'd goole it to find out more. The magazine is called Advance for Nurse Practitioners. Hope this helps someone! I also said that I would like to try flagyl vaginally but she seemed very judgemental and when I said, "ya know, instaid of metrogel" she said, "but orally, right?" and I just caved and said yes. it wasn't worth fighting for. If her meds don't work than I'll just get it online and try it myself. Bitch... At least I'm back on track with the Guardasil and got to address a few other things I had been worried about. I will let everyone know how this goes for me. Jewels - hold on to that doctor for dear life! You really are very luck to have him! I hope my insurance covers a reproductive endocrinologist and than I'll know for sure wether or not this is a hormone thing... |
Mar 13 2007, 10:32 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 424 |
No, not since I've done the Flagyl. I did take the Boric with me, because I developed a huge rash on my arms and forehead. They were actually pretty interested in the Boric, and where going to do some research on their own. They said, my rash was internal, and they didn't they it was from the boric. WELL.... I did the Boric for the first time last July, and my rash is still here, and has never gone away. It went away for a little bit, but I used boric again, a few months ago and it came right back. So, that is why I don't use boric.
Either way, my doctor is open to everything, so, he would probably say, more power to you!! |
Mar 13 2007, 10:10 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 146 |
hey jewels i have one more question and then that's it i promise! since you've done the flagyl have you gone to the doctor? or told a doctor that you've done that?? just wondering what they said to you if you did. ok thanks again.
Mar 12 2007, 08:10 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 146 |
awesome thanks!! after my period is over i think i'm gonna go to planned parenthood and have them check if i have the bv and if i do they'll give me flagyl and i don't have to pay for it!! yayy haha. pretty sure the bv is still there right now but i can't really tell cause i switched birth controls this month and i'm just all messed up, with bleeding and everything. so i just left it alone for now.
alright well most likely i will be trying the flagyl vaginally so if i do i'll let you ladies know how it goes. thanks everyone for your help and experiences. i almost want to say "experiments." hahaa |
Mar 12 2007, 07:18 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 424 |
Hi anitsirhc. NO NOT TO PERSONAL!! We are all talking about smelly kitty's, so if that's not personal, then I don't know what is!!!!!!
Yes, he would finish inside of me. And no I have not done anything different whatsoever. I'm a smoker, so I am afraid that at some point it might come back, due to the smoking. But, if it does, I will do the Flagyl again. I'm going on 2 months!!! That's 100% better then having to use Boric every other day, or lay on my back in the bathroom and poor HP down me!! Hope this helps!!! |
Mar 12 2007, 02:49 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 146 |
jewels i have a question for you, sorry if it's graphic or too personal you don't have to answer if you don't want to but sperm affects the ph of the vagina obviously and can make the bv come back, i was just wondering since you've done the flagyl vaginally when you've had sex have you let him finish inside you or no? and have you done anything at all since the flagyl to keep the bv away or you just did that and that was it?
thanks! i'm thinking about trying it... |
Mar 12 2007, 01:12 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 104 |
Just an update - Haven't posted in a while cause I'm too damn frustrated. Period came and went, estroil ran out, discharge still there. I'm not going to try more cause if it didn't work in 30 days than it probably wont. plus i'd like to save the fifty bucks. I'm going to the doctor next week and will try to score some flagyl to try vaginally while I cry, beg and plead for blood work to check out my hormones and thyroid and just for someone to take this seriously in general. For god sake it's been a over a year since i've been normal. this is really taking a toll... Hi Eralc Alegna, I am sorry the estriol isnt working for you. I been using it for 2 months straight and my period is ending now and there is no smell. I have also douched with the HP but not recently. Please let us know how the flagyl works for you. I really hope everything turns out ok for you. Thanks PG PS It does indeed take a toll. My smell is gone and I still dont feel as sexual as I use to. |
Mar 11 2007, 03:35 PM
Hardcore BUSTie Posts: 424 |
I don't know, because I don't have periods. But, I would order now, so that it will be here at least after your period.
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