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Platelets Induced Vasodilation, in Vitro and in Vivo Study
The recruitment status of this study is unknown because the information has not been verified recently.
Verified September 2005 by University Hospital, Angers.
Recruitment status was Recruiting
Recruitment status was Recruiting
University Hospital, Angers
Information provided by:
University Hospital, Angers
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: September 7, 2005
Last updated: February 3, 2010
Last verified: September 2005
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
The aim of the study is to show the implication of platelets in vasodilation using in vivo and in vitro analysis and to compare the effects of placebo, aspirin and Clopidogrel in this interaction platelets/vessels.
The effects of 7 days of each treatment will be compared in healthy subjects and patients with arteriopathy.
Condition | Intervention | Phase |
Peripheral Arterial Disease |
Drug: placebo, aspirine, clopidogrel |
Phase 4 |
Study Type: | Interventional |
Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment Masking: Double-Blind Primary Purpose: Treatment |
Official Title: | Platelets Induced Vasodilation, in Vitro and in Vivo Study in Patients With Arteriopathy and Healthy Subjects. |
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics:
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Drug Information available for:
Clopidogrel bisulfate
U.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by University Hospital, Angers:
Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | Yes |
Inclusion Criteria:
Inclusion criteria healthy subjects
- Man or Woman 18 years
- Agreement signed
- French health insurance
- Able to understand the study
- Biological haemostatic test normal
- Vascular Doppler of lower limbs normal
- Pressure index > 1 in both lower limbs
Inclusion criteria healthy subjects
- Man or Woman 18 years
- Agreement signed
- French health insurance
- Able to understand the study
- Biological haemostatic test normal
- Lower limbs arteriopathy (clinical, pressure index, Doppler)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Unable to sign agreement
- Subjects protected by low
- Participation to other study
- Changes of treatment within the 15 days before inclusion
- Chronic treatment with Clopidogrel or drugs against inflammation
- Severe respiratory, cardiac, kidney, hepatic insufficiency
- Haemostatic troubles
- Diabetic neuropathy
- Neurologic desease (Parkinson…..)
- Hypertension
- Symptomatic stomach ulcer
- Anaemia Hb<11g/l
- Pregnant women or breast feeding
Contacts and Locations
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00152646
France | |
Exploration Fonctionnelles Vasculaires | Recruiting |
Angers, Maine et Loire, France, 49933 | |
Contact: Marc Antoine Custaud, MD PhD 33241353689 email@example.com |
Sponsors and Collaborators
University Hospital, Angers
Principal Investigator: | Marc Antoine Custaud, MD PhD | University Hospital, Angers |
More Information
No publications provided
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 10, 2014
No publications provided
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00152646 History of Changes |
Other Study ID Numbers: | PHRC 04-07 |
Study First Received: | September 7, 2005 |
Last Updated: | February 3, 2010 |
Health Authority: | France: Afssaps - Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé (Saint-Denis) |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Peripheral Arterial Disease Peripheral Vascular Diseases Atherosclerosis Arteriosclerosis Arterial Occlusive Diseases Vascular Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Clopidogrel Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors Hematologic Agents |
Therapeutic Uses Pharmacologic Actions Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists Purinergic Antagonists Purinergic Agents Neurotransmitter Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Physiological Effects of Drugs |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on March 10, 2014


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Williamson's animated news: London church completely destroyed by fire
Description of film
The opening titles tell us that this is a church burned down by Suffragettes, causing £20,000 of damage. The scene then shifts to a church at New Cross that has been comprehensively destroyed by fire. We see the burnt out shell of the church, the wrecked roof, attempts to clean up the pulpit and burnt benches.
Between 1911 and 1913 the government blocked two measures that would have given some women the vote. The Suffragettes responded with militant action including damaging property and even arson.
Interesting or important points about the film
Is this a straightforward news report of the facts or does it contain an expression of disapproval at the actions of the Suffragettes? The camera certainly lingers on the destruction caused.
- Play clip
- Download film(.mpg, 2.90mb)
- Prev film
- Back to archive
Category | 1900-45 |
Sub category | Women's Suffrage |
Film | Williamson's animated news: London church completely destroyed by fire |
Source | BFI |
Producer | Williamson Kinematograph Company |
Year | 1913 |
Date | Not known |
Length | 0:28 |

subset: commoncrawl


text:
PrismaStar provides and enhances product specification data to make it accurate, complete and comprehensive.
We take data in the way you provide it, enhance it, and give it back in the way you want it.
Our data service options include:
- Feed Aggregation. PrismaStar will take your data from multiple sources, including site scraping, and create a single structured product data feed.
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- Marketing Copy. PrismaStar will add marketing copy – long descriptions, short descriptions and keywords.
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- Product Images. High quality product images are be included in your data feed.
- Product Videos and Manuals. Other supporting rich media for the products can be built into the data feed.
- Data Output. All data is output according to your exact requirements for use in your internal systems or to supply third party sites such as affiliates or online marketplaces including Amazon and eBay.
A Modular Approach
All the above data enhancement benefits are optional. This unique modular approach to data enhancement gives you ultimate flexibility and means you only take the services you actually need. |
What Makes Us Different?
PrismaStar prides itself on providing high quality data with an average of >20 attributes per product and attribute fill rates of 90-100%. No other data provider can match this level of depth and completeness in the data.
Real World Examples
BEFORE: This is a sample of typical customer data, with attribute values missing and in different units.
AFTER: And this is how PrismaStar enhanced the data.


text:
Hi There, Installing from the USB that I got from DHL today - it is not accepting my serial.
In particular the Product Key is being flagged as incorrect...
Does not matter if I actually use my legit serial or not...
Any help?
Solved! Go to Solution.
Hi Thiefsie,
Please send me a Private Message (click on my joane.bonghanoy profile name and then "Send this user a private message") with the real Serial Number so I can check on my end. Include as well the Order Number, it starts with 705xxxxxx.
Hi Joane,
I cancelled and restarted the installation process and it works now??
Thank you.
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text:
Indie band Ra Ra Riot's melodic, strings-driven new album The Orchard is just in time for the last road trip of the season. Their unique, orchestral sound has us wondering which late-summer tunes are on their playlist. Here's what guitarist Milo Bonacci has to say."Midnight Lover," by Kisses"A warm summer night in SoCal.""Sabali," by Amadou & Mariam"Pleasingly simple. Plus, I'm a sucker for synthesizer arpeggios and old-school drum machines!""In Particular," by Blonde Redhead"I love the guitar work in their songs. There always seems to be something new the closer you look.""Collector," by Here We Go Magic"Fun and mesmerizing with a nice dynamic arc.""Siberian Breaks," by Mgmt"Its musical scenes are structured more like a movie than a typical pop song.""This Must Be the Place (Naive Melody)," by Talking Heads"An all-time favorite song. Nearly perfect.""I Wanna Be Your Lover," by Prince"I love the rhythmic tension between the drums and keyboards.""Forever," by Walter Meego"They have a whole bunch of new material from a soon-to-be record. I'm curious and excited to hear what they put out next.""Tomboy," by Panda Bear"I really like the depth and audible space. It's a trademark of Panda Bear's music but captivating nonetheless.""Wind Chimes," by The Beach Boys"It's not that it sounds like a cool summer night — it feels like a cool summer night."For more information and U.S. tour dates, go to rarariot.com. Download The Orchard online at itunes.com. Photo: Doron GildWe played fly-on-the-wall as nine of NYC's most exciting indie designers sketched, kvetched, and dressed their way to the runway. Check out the action on our Fashion Week site and just try to resist retweeting it. Up to 60% off Lucky Lucky added loungewear to its denim repertoire with the same dedication to fit and style. In vibrant prints and flattering cuts, everything's especially comfy at up to 60% off on Swirl.
Take in the Sights and Sounds at the Gorge Two holiday weekends with completely different lineups: That's what we call a good time. Check out the Sasquatch Festival acts we're most excited for.


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Enjoy 3 of award-winning author Lynn Michaels' paranormal romances in one volume.
Chase Sanquist is a jewel thief. Molly Savard is a princess. The Phantom is a priceless and cursed blue diamond. Chase doesn't believe in the curse until the Phantom gives him everything his heart desires. Everything but Molly.
Susan Cade has loved Richard Parker-Harris all her life. Richard couldn't stand Susan when they were teens, but now they're grown up, and the ugly duckling Richard remembers is a gorgeous redhead who still has a knack for winning at the track. If only Susan hadn't broken his nose...and if only she couldn't talk to horses.
Cathy Martin wonders if her grandmother's house on Martha's Vineyard is haunted. She also wonders if she's losing her mind. Is Fin McGraw the struggling actor he claims to be or is he the reincarnation of her grandfather?
Strange Dreams is available on Kindle and Nook, also at Smashwords and All Romance Ebooks.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR: In 2003 Lynn Michaels received the Reviewer's Choice Award for Best Contemporary Romance from Romantic Times Magazine. She is also a 3-time finalist for the Romance Writers of America's RITA award for Remembrance, Nightwing and Aftershock. She collects teapots, thimbles and handmade bookmarks. Her most cherished possession is a misspelled writing award.


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17 hrs ago | The Daily Breeze
Massage parlors create friction as critics claim they are fronts for prostitution, human trafficking
City officials throughout California who are fighting for control over massage parlors, see opportunity in the future as a controversial state law that regulates and protects the businesses is about to go off the books.
Trending on the Topix Network
Fountain Valley to extend anti-scavenging law to public places
A new law in Fountain Valley that aims to clean up parks and other public spaces by cutting down on scavenging is closer to adoption.
30 fun spring break activities for less than $35
Spring is about to be sprung. Flowers are blooming, the sun is staying out longer and young people are looking for a break - a spring break.
'Most Wanted' fugitive from H.B. arrested in Colorado
Authorities in Colorado caught a Huntington Beach man who has been on the run from local police for about four years, according to Huntington Beach police.
Kilgore business roundup: Sola Salon Studios, Afters ice cream, Belle-Aimee Skincare
Final touches are being done at the soon-to-open Sola Salon Studios. The Huntington Beach Chamber of Commerce is holding a ribbon-cutting ceremony from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. on Thursday, March 20. Grab a snack, enjoy some face painting and join in the fun.
Becoming the Best Version of You
It's not too late in the year for change. While the new year often brings with it talk of resolutions and new beginnings, self-improvement is a good thing no matter the season.
FWT Snowbird Takeaways - Who got robbed? Who had the most fun?
Powder Editor John Stifter planned to grill hotdogs with Drew Tabke's dad while watching the best big mountain competitors in the world get rad for the Snowbird stop of the Freeride World Tour.
Mitzvah Day seeks volunteers to assist community projects
Congregation B'nai Tzedek students and members of the community will unite to participate in Mitzvah Day on March 23, volunteering in Huntington Beach, Fountain Valley and working with groups benefiting charities in Orange County, South America and Africa.
Council moves ahead with ordinance to keep senior mobile home parks
More than 50 mobile home residents stood in solidarity in Huntington Beach City Council chambers Monday, many of them holding signs that read, "Keep our senior parks as senior parks."
Subscription boxes and their surprise deals catch on
Heather Myers of Mission Viejo, Calif., offers subscription boxes through her freelance business, River & Bridge.
The Five: 'Where in the World,' Jack Vale, SoCal Trykers
Matthew Jellick, center, and his parents, Jeff and Josie Jellick, visited Akaroa, on the east coast's Banks Peninsula.
A proposal to build a water desalination plant in Huntington Beach amid the severe drought is encountering resistance from critics who cite the project s financial and environmental costs.
Fumes draw hazmat to Huntington business
HUNTINGTON BEACH A hazardous-materials team was called to a Huntington Beach manufacturing business Wednesday afternoon after an incorrect mixture led to a chemical reaction, authorities said.
Attempt to hide gambling winnings nets former FBI agent probation
SANTA ANA A former FBI agent who worked in Long Beach was sentenced to two years of probation for hiding his gambling winnings from his employer.
Sweet Relief's Coachella Auction Will Get You Ridiculously Close to Arcade Fire
It may be hard to believe, but Coachella is a mere month away. With the event right around the corner and legions of fans set to invade Southern California, there's a feeling of excitement in the air that happens around this time every year.
'Eureka! Discover American Craft' Restaurant and Bar Opens in Huntington Beach
What, you may ask, is that mouthful of a restaurant calling itself "Eureka! Discover American Craft"? It's an outfit that has eateries as far north as Seattle and as far south as San Diego, with a bar specializing in beer and bourbon.
Make Solita's Grilled Corn Elote and queso fundido at home
Deborah Schneider, executive chef and partner at Solita in Huntington Beach and Sol Cocina in Newport Beach and Scottsdale, Ariz., draws on her rich culinary background to bring the seductive flavors of the Baja Peninsula to the plate.
Reckless driver pursuit, school lockdown ends with arrest
HUNTINGTON BEACH A brief police pursuit led to the temporary lockdown of an elementary school on Tuesday afternoon as officers searched for a motorcyclist suspected of driving recklessly.
Felon fights for $541,000 public pension
On Friday, Malkenhorst opened a new front in his knock-down, drag-out war to prevent his retirement check from shriveling to $115,000 a year.
Singer-guitarist Nick Waterhouse is only in his late 20s, but if you judge this musician by his output and the influences he's dropped in interviews, he sounds four decades older.


text:
Get Living Without's FREE Recipe of the Week
Delicious allergy-friendly recipes for you and your family
Read it
Oct/Nov 2012 Issue
Living Without's Favorite Books: Slow Down!
Everyday Gluten-Free Slow Cooking (Sterling) by Kimberly Mayone and Kitty Broihier, RD, is a wonderful way to simplify mealtime. Packed with 140 budget-friendly recipes for breakfast, lunch, dinner and entertaining, this cookbook is certain to become a well-used tool in any gluten-free household. Whether it's Monday Night Football Chili or Chicken Fajitas, these recipes are ideal for busy households who are striving to eat healthy. There's a chapter on sides, a chapter featuring vegetarian recipes and over 100 dishes that can be made dairy free, as well as gluten free. And dessert? Well, there's a chapter on slow cooking that, too. A satisfying, comforting book, just in time for these chilly autumn weekends.


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ATTENTION: The drug Meridia (generic name: sibutramine) was removed from the US market on October 8, 2010 due to safety concerns.
RECOMMENDATION: If you are taking MERIDIA (sibutramine), you should talk to your health care provider about alternative weight loss and weight loss maintenance programs.
This article is a NetWellness exclusive.
Last Reviewed: Feb 04, 2011
David Baker, PharmD, DABAT Formerly, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pharmacy College of Medicine The Ohio State University |


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There is much to deliberate about the extent to which the Internet is personal. It can be personalized, of course; there are plenty of examples of sites and applications and ads that are designed to do exactly that – to customize the online experience for the individual user's preferences and needs. Certainly online dating sites are personal, in the sense that they help users create intimate (to varying degrees) profiles of themselves with the purpose of matching them with others who share – or at least appreciate – their most personal traits.
Social networks have evolved to fill a similar niche; they are destinations so personalized that they've actually come to supplant some forms of offline communication (when was the last time you saw pictures of a friend's children in print form…pre-Facebook, of course). But while these online offerings excel at personalizing the Web for its users, they do not necessarily have what one would consider to be "a human touch."
In a way, digital marketers are always working to create campaigns with a human element to them, whether with placements and creative that incite a deeply human reaction (excitement, enjoyment, laughter), or with a message that resonates with consumers on a sentimental level. In the famous words of "Leo" in Judd Apatow's film "Funny People": "If you put 'cute kitten' in the title of your YouTube video, you're gonna get a million hits."
For year, blogs have been a sure-fire way for media buyers to humanize their online ads. Blogs are innately personal to begin with, whether they're cataloguing a sleep-talker's bizarre nocturnal musings or a mother's daily battles with her baby's ear-piercing reaction to teething. In fact, the latter has become prime online real estate for advertisers who target the readers of these emotional and often hysterical blogs; cream of the Mommy Blogger crop Heather Armstrong – the mastermind and personality behind Dooce – for example, is coveted by such brands as Suave and Verizon, both of which are currently running custom content campaigns on her site.
Verizon's campaign in particular effectively leverages the authenticity of Dooce.com and its beloved author. The brand is the official sponsor of Heather's office remodel (or "Headquarters Reinvention," as it's officially touted in Verizon's display ads), even going so far as to supply some of the phone equipment that helps to keep the Dooce staff connected. For this it is thanked on the blog, which invites readers to "learn more about how Verizon helps keep you connected" – a seamless and perfectly acceptable display of blurring the lines between editorial and advertising.
As a part of its media buy, Verizon is affiliated with virtually every blog post and video relating to office furniture, networking solutions, and storage ideas – which means it's also tied to Heather's excitement about the changes, and her readers' excitement about her daily life. A recent video of Heather discussing the progress of the project ended with a treat for her loyal fans: a brief but impossibly cute clip of her baby's first steps. Verizon isn't likely to find a much more human publishing partner than this one (the blog is represented by Federated Media Publishing).
Search, too, has come to have a more human touch through services like ChaCha, which was first introduced in 2007 as a search engine that eschewed automated spiders for thousands of actual human guides tasked with delivering the user's results. ChaCha has since found its niche in the mobile search and text search arena, and last week announced a marketing partnership with NBC Universal Digital Studio designed to promote its new comedy Webseries, "FCU: Fact Checkers Unit."
The branded entertainment series follows two fact checkers working at a magazine. Viewers of the weekly episodes can interact with the program and immerse themselves in the fictional lives of its characters by becoming fact checkers themselves and texting ChaCha through the show's website. The results come straight from ChaCha's 50,000 guides, along with a promise to be the user's "mobile BFF" and a heads-up that responses include advertising.
ChaCha's mobile ads, which are always preceded by an asterisk in order to delineate between results and paid text, have proven particularly popular among marketers working to reach teens and young adults. Over 80 percent of the questions directed to the service come from consumers aged 13 to 24 – the desirable "mobile generation" that advertisers can find connecting with to be a challenge. The tone of the answers one receives from ChaCha guides is informal and comfortable – indeed, very much like the experience of texting with a friend. With a human-driven search engine like this one, brands can further engage audiences, as NBC Universal has done. But they can also align themselves with a relatable and enjoyable service that has at its heart a personal point of view.
Where is this more human side of the Internet heading? One path seems to lead back to online social clubs and networks, some of which have begun adopting a membership policy so exclusive would-be users must sign up to join in person. Now that's digital media with a human touch.
Meet Your Favorite ClickZ Contributors
Many of ClickZ's leading expert contributors will be at ClickZ Live, the new online and digital marketing event kicking off in New York (March 31-April 3). Hear from the likes of: Jeremy Hull, Lisa Raehsler, Andrew Goodman, Bryan Eisenberg, Mathew Sweezey, Aaron Kahlow, Stephanie Miller, Simms Jenkins, Jeanne S. Jennings, Dave Hendricks and more!
Tessa Wegert is an interactive media strategist with Enlighten, one of the first full-service digital marketing strategy and services agencies, serving such brands as Bioré, Bratz, Food Network, illy, Hunter Douglas, Jergens, and Olympic Paints and Stains. An industry veteran, Tessa has worked in online media buying and planning, marketing, and online copywriting since 1999. She is an active freelance writer specializing in interactive marketing who has contributed to U.S. and Canadian publications, including "USA Weekend Magazine," "Marketing Magazine," "The Globe and Mail," and "The Montreal Gazette." She is frequently quoted as an industry expert and speaks regularly at industry conferences and events.
March 18-19, 2014
Mar 31-Apr 3, 2014
May 14-16, 2014
May 27-29, 2014
August 5-7, 2014
March 19, 2014
1:00pm ET


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The principal at Hawkins Elementary School has been recognized by her peers for her outstanding leadership.
Donna Scott is the Hattiesburg Public Schools' Administrator of the Year. A group of administrators and staff made a surprise visit to Hawkins Elementary School Friday to tell her about the honor.
They also presented her with several donated gifts, including coffee mugs, office supplies and other items. Scott is in her third year as principal at Hawkins.
"What I enjoy most is working with the students and my teachers," said Scott. "My teachers do an outstanding job, so I have to give them as much credit for this as I do myself," she said.
"She reflects what we think that a leader should reflect as an administrator in a school, in order to lead a school to success," said James Bacchus, Hattiesburg school superintendent.
Scott has been an educator for 14 years.
Copyright 2013 WDAM. All rights reserved.
2362 U.S. Hwy 11 Moselle, MS 39459 1-800-844-WDAM (9326) Email Us FCC Public File email@example.com EEO Report Closed Captioning Children's Programming


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Kristie Mewis
- U.S. National Team: U-23 WNT
- Position: Midfielder
- Date Of Birth: Feb. 25, 1991
- Height: 5-7
- Hometown: Hanson, Mass.
- Previous National Teams: U-20 WNT
- Club: Boston College
A member of the U.S. team that won the 2010 CONACAF U-20 Women's Championships in Guatemala to earn a berth to the 2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup … Played five games, starting three, and scored two goals, one each against T&T and Costa Rica, with one assist … Played in 15 total matches for the USA heading into the 2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, including 11 international matches … Heads to Germany with six goals in 20 U-20 internationals … One of the leading scorers for the U-17s in 2008, she ended her U-17 international career with nine goals in 16 caps … One of the USA's best players at the 2008 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, she started five games in the tournament and scored two goals despite switching positions from flank midfielder to center midfielder in the first match … She won the Bronze Ball as the third best player in the tournament … Was named the U.S. Soccer Young Female Athlete of the Year in 2008 …Started all four games she played at 2008 CONCACAF U-17 Women's Championships, scoring three goals with one assist, including a goal in the championship game against Costa Rica … Scored twice against Australia and twice against Germany at the Future Stars Tournament in January … Played for the U.S. U-16 Girls' National Team in 2006 and 2007, playing against Holland, Germany and Brazil … Played for the U.S. U-15 Girls' National Team in 2006 and was a member of the U.S. Soccer U-14 I.D. Camp in 2005.
Has played from U-10 through U-18 with the SC Scorpions … Won four State Cups with the Scorpions (U-12, U-14, U-16 and U-18) and advanced to one Regional final as U-14s.
Had an excellent freshman season at Boston College in 2009 … Played and started in 23 games and tied for fourth on the team in scoring with five goals and six assists ... Played midfield and filled in on defense due to injuries ... Earned a spot on the All-ACC Freshman team ... Scored her first career goal in a 5-0 win over Brown... Had two goals and three assists against ACC competition ... Was second on the team in shots taken with 72 … Attended Whitman Hanson Regional High School where she scored 74 goals (including 34 as a junior) with 34 assists … Team captain as a junior and a senior … A three-time NSCAA All-American, three time All-New England and All-Massachusetts team honoree and a three-time Eastern Mass. Girls Soccer Association Div. 1 First-Team All-Star ... A 2009 Parade All-American … Was also the 2008 NSCAA Youth Player of the Year … An Atlantic Coast League All-Star … A member of the Patriot Ledger All-Scholastic Team … Only played in a few HS games as a senior due to National Team commitments.
Full name is Kristen Anne Mewis … Nickname is Kristie … A true left-footed player … Enrolled in the Lynch School of Education … Likes to go to the beach in the summer and shop anytime … Enjoys running in the rain, shopping and swimming … Also likes to surf the web for inspiring quotes … Mom attended Northeastern on a full basketball scholarship and has run a marathon … Dad played soccer at Fitchburg State College and has also run a few marathons … Has volunteered for Special Olympics … Played three years of varsity basketball … Ran winter track her senior year and holds the 300 and 600 meters indoor track records at Whitman-Hanson … With her younger sister Samantha, they became the first sisters ever to represent the USA at a Women's World Cup, playing together in New Zealand in 2008.


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Viking Materials3225 Como Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414http://www.vikingmaterials.com
(612) 617-5800
Are You the Business Owner?Claim your free business listing on Superpages.com and add important information about your business online. The more reviews and additional information you provide about your business, the easier it will be for customers to find you online.
Search Nearby |


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SHOOTS: | Right |
BIRTHPLACE: | Howell, MI, USA |
DRAFTED: | undrafted |
2012-13 SEASON Split his first professional season between Charlotte (AHL) and Florida (ECHL)… Ranked second among Checkers rookies in scoring with 10 points (4g, 6a) in 21 games played … Began the season with Florida and earned an assist in his professional debut vs. Orlando (10/12)… Earned an assist at Colorado (11/21) for his first pro point… Earned an assist in his AHL debut at Oklahoma City (1/12)… Scored his first two professional goals vs. Texas (3/15)… Scored the first gamewinning goal of his AHL career and had an assist vs. San Antonio (3/30)… His seven points in March (10 games) led all Charlotte defensemen and ranked third on the team overall… Made his professional playoff debut in Game 1 at Oklahoma City (4/26) before sitting out the rest of the series as a healthy extra. CAREER Signed a three-year, entry-level contract with Carolina on 4/23/12, as an undrafted free agent… Completed his four-year Ontario Hockey League (OHL) career with Plymouth with 152 points (35g, 117a) and 350 penalty minutes in 244 regular-season games… Prior to beginning his junior career, spent the 2007-08 season with the U.S. National Team Developmental Program, scoring 12 points (5g, 7a) in 41 games of the team's NAHL season… Also represented the United States at the 2008 U-18 World Junior Championship and the 2008 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament… Was teammates with fellow Hurricanes prospects Chris Terry, Michal Jordan, Brett Bellemore and Austin Levi during his time with the Whalers… Played for Carolina's team at the NHL Prospects' Tournament in Traverse City, MI, in 2010 and 2011… Was first or second among Plymouth defensemen in scoring in each of his four seasons (runner up to Michal Jordan in 2008-09 and 2009-10)… Was fourth among all Plymouth skaters in scoring with seven points (2g, 5a) during the team's 11-game run in the 2011 OHL playoffs… Led Plymouth defensemen in goals (14), assists (40) and points (54) and ranked tied for third among OHL defensemen in scoring during his final season of junior hockey in 2011-12… Served as Plymouth's captain, and was tied for third among all OHL skaters in plus/minus, registering a plus-37 rating… Notched a hat trick at Windsor (12/31/11)… Was named OHL Player of the Week after totaling five points (4g, 1a), a plus-8 rating in three games from 12/26/11-1/1/12… Missed Plymouth's final six regular-season games and first five playoff games with a lower-body injury… Skated in all seven games of the Whalers' second-round series loss to Kitchener, without registering a point. |


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News and Articles About Mothers
BY Kevin Allen
Some moms want roses. Other moms would prefer an iPad.Mother-Daughter Business-Owners Share How to Balance Their Relationship and Company
BY Lisa Evans
In honor of Mother's Day, we spoke to a mother and daughter who are running a business together about how they maintain their both their personal and professional relationship.In the Latest Move to Revamp Yahoo's Culture, Marissa Mayer Expands Parental Leave
BY Brian Patrick Eha
With her policies under scrutiny, the Yahoo CEO follows her ban on telecommuting with new perks for new parents.A Young Entrepreneur's Best Friend is His... Mom?
BY Adam Toren
A helping hand from mom -- or dad -- can be vital for newbie entrepreneurs. Here are six ways to make your career in entrepreneurship more palatable to them.
Play Video


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"Mountain Stage"
With The Black Lillies, Over the Rhine, Vienna Teng, Susan Werner and Brendan James
WHERE: Culture Center Theater
WHEN: 7 p.m. Sunday
TICKETS: Advance $15, at the door $25
INFO: 800-594-TIXX or www.mountainstage.org
CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- People in bands are like anyone else. They have places they like to go. Sometimes, it's some little hole in the wall in their hometown where everybody knows them. It could be a famous bar like the 40-Watt Club in Athens, Ga., or even that place where they got their first real break.
The Black Lillies, who perform on "Mountain Stage" Sunday, like The Purple Fiddle in Thomas.
Well, "like" isn't the right word.
"We love that place," singer Cruz Contreras gushed. "We absolutely love it. The Purple Fiddle is a special place for us. We've got a lot of friends there."
Contreras said Thomas is just a cool place.
"I'm a fan of small towns and rural places," he said. "I was born in a small town in Michigan, and I've always been comfortable with that [rural life].
"And I love the outdoor stuff: the skiing, the hiking. They've got a microbrewery."
Plus, the crowds at The Purple Fiddle are hard to beat.
"They get up and dance," he said. "You get two songs into the show, and the crowd doesn't quit. They do not quit, and then I look at the clock and we've been playing for four hours and they're screaming.
"These are people I can relate to."
Contreras said The Black Lillies have played the Purple Fiddle around 10 times, and it was in Thomas, at the end of the band's last tour where he put some of the finishing touches on the group's third record, "Runaway Freeway Blues."


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"This card is really beautiful! I can't say enough! the two tone green is a fantastic effect, the stars and moon are just enough to be elegant not overdone. The writing I choose (Baltic) is so pretty!! nice quality paper as well! I had these cards made for my personal on line art business (just started) and I am using this as my business cards as well! Great Job!!"
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MORGANTOWN, W.Va. - Mountaineer players met with members of the media tonight.
Read More | Archive
West Virginia University Director of Athletics Oliver Luck recently visited the WVU Child Learning Center to participate in the Read Aloud Program. This week's subject: Dr. Seuss.
Read More
Our Jeff Culhane sits down with Associate Head Coach Tom Bradley, the newest member of the Mountaineer football staff, in our weekly WVU Sports Podcast.
MORGANTOWN, W.Va. - Members of the West Virginia University football coaching staff met with members of the media today after practice.
E. Gordon Gee was named West Virginia University's permanent president today (March 3) – the third time he's been asked to lead the state's land-grant, flagship research University.
West Virginia coach Dana Holgorsen offers his thoughts on the team prior to West Virginia's first practice of the spring, which took place indoors inside the Caperton Indoor Practice Facility.


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Kevin Ding column: With Bryant taking over much of the ball-handling duties, the veteran point guard has to figure out a new, meaningful role for himself
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If Tax Havens Did Not Exist They Would Have Be Invented To Permit The Rich To Keep Their Wealth
Martin McCauley writes from London: The Treasury Minister informs us that paying the plumber in cash is immoral. I suppose slipping the cleaning lady a few readies is also immoral.
What nonsense! The minister claims that cash payments cost the Exchequer about £2 billion a year. How does he know? Presumably, some Treasury nerd closed his eyes and picked a number. The Treasury's ability to predict the performance of the economy is now in tatters. So why pay any attention to what the Treasury buffs say?
No, there is a much greater problem than plumbers and cleaning ladies being paid in cash: tax havens. One estimate is that $32 trillion is now hidden in these dark recesses of the financial world. How do you discover the quantity of money moved out of countries into safer venues? A lot of guessing must be going on or the author knows so much about tax havens that he may soon need a bodyguard. Apparently about 100,000 families account for half of the money. They are the super super rich. They rule the world.
The way the present tax system is working more and more money will leave this country. We urgently need a new, simpler tax system. A flat tax of say 20 per cent and no possibility of avoiding it. Ban ISAs and other government sponsored ways of avoiding tax. The Isle of Man has such a system – there is also no capital gains tax or inheritance tax there either – and tax avoidance and tax havens are unknown species.
So what gave rise to tax havens? They are a purely Anglo-Saxon invention. Britain and America lead the world when it comes to governmental and legal sponsored ways of avoiding tax. Does that come as a surprise to you? What tax havens can you name? Jersey, Guernsey, Cayman Islands, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands – all ruled now or in the past by London. Then there is Switzerland. However that loophole has been closed after the US government forced the Union Bank of Switzerland to name its American clients. Then the German government persuaded a bank clerk in Liechtenstein to put all account holders on a disc and sell it to them. So bang went that tax haven.
Now take the European Union. It is common practice to fulminate against the Anglo-Saxons for encouraging citizens to transfer their money into their coffers. So you would expect the EU to be leading the charge to ban tax havens. Not a bit of it. Luxembourg and Austria are tax havens and veto any such legislation. Hypocrites, do I hear you say? You do not need to be Sherlock Holmes to work out that the rich and super rich in France are moving their wealth out after François Hollande announced his intention to tax incomes over a million euros a year at 75 per cent.
A guess is that rich Russians have moved $800 billion offshore over the last 20 years. In China billions are moved out of the country every year. First to Hong Kong and then further afield. Why is this? After all income tax in both countries is very low. The reason is political uncertainty. Once you have stolen a million from the state or made it legitimately you send it abroad.
However, the trillions in safe havens do not lie in dark vaults. They are invested in all types of enterprise. So they contribute to world economic growth. Some people might say that the super rich are much better at investing than governments. Given the millions, even billions, wasted by the British government on computer systems and other failed projects, there is a lot of truth in this.
Anglo-Saxon law is the most developed on the planet. It is no surprise that it can move money around myriad jurisdictions. America has 5 per cent of the world's population but 50 per cent of its lawyers. They all have to make money. So the possibility of any state or group of states outfoxing the super rich is zero. Anyway those in government are also putting their wealth in tax havens. So why should they close the system down? If you are a Tory you move your money out of the country to ensure that Ed Miliband does not get his paws on it when he becomes Prime Minister. If you are rich you avoid paying tax but if you are poor you have no choice: you pay.
1 Comment
Is that another comedian coming out the closet? I imagine they all gutted even if they are saving a fair penny. Does this include the new taxports for places like Switzerland Martin? I have been to the Cayman Isles its very nice I not surprised they are going there. And, well this week is the Olympics the best bet if for people to come here, should be a hoot and will hopefully entice people to pay their taxes and other things here.


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I'm looking for the original metal Wilderness Lodge license plate that they used to sell at the resort. It looks like the current PVC one that they now sell. I don't collect the PVC plates because I don't think the artwork looks as nice as on the metal plates. Besides, in Florida you can't put them on your car because they warp!
I need to add that to my collection of 126 Disney license plates that are on the garage wall. I keep losing the auctions when it's for sale on ebay!
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Create a new identity when you don this delightful long, wavy blonde adult women's Passion wig and see what happens on Halloween.
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Gas compressor
A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor.
Compressors are similar to pumps: both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can transport the fluid through a pipe. As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas. Liquids are relatively incompressible; while some can be compressed, the main action of a pump is to pressurize and transport liquids.
- 1 Types of compressors
- 1.1 Centrifugal compressors
- 1.2 Diagonal or mixed-flow compressors
- 1.3 Axial-flow compressors
- 1.4 Reciprocating compressors
- 1.5 Rotary screw compressors
- 1.6 Rotary vane compressors
- 1.7 Scroll compressors
- 1.8 Diaphragm compressors
- 1.9 Air bubble compressor
- 1.10 Hermetically sealed, open, or semi-hermetic
- 2 Temperature
- 3 Staged compression
- 4 Prime movers
- 5 Applications
- 6 See also
- 7 References
Types of compressors[edit]
The main types of gas compressors are illustrated and discussed below:
Centrifugal compressors[edit]
Centrifugal compressors use a rotating disk or impeller in a shaped housing to force the gas to the rim of the impeller, increasing the velocity of the gas. A diffuser (divergent duct) section converts the velocity energy to pressure energy. They are primarily used for continuous, stationary service in industries such as oil refineries, chemical and petrochemical plants and natural gas processing plants.[1][2][3] Their application can be from 100 horsepower (75 kW) to thousands of horsepower. With multiple staging, they can achieve high output pressures greater than 10,000 psi (69 MPa).
Many large snowmaking operations (like ski resorts) use this type of compressor. They are also used in internal combustion engines as superchargers and turbochargers. Centrifugal compressors are used in small gas turbine engines or as the final compression stage of medium sized gas turbines.
Diagonal or mixed-flow compressors[edit]
Diagonal or mixed-flow compressors are similar to centrifugal compressors, but have a radial and axial velocity component at the exit from the rotor. The diffuser is often used to turn diagonal flow to an axial rather than radial direction.
Axial-flow compressors[edit]
Axial-flow compressors are dynamic rotating compressors that use arrays of fan-like airfoils to progressively compress the working fluid. They are used where there is a requirement for a high flow rate or a compact design.
The arrays of airfoils are set in rows, usually as pairs: one rotating and one stationary. The rotating airfoils, also known as blades or rotors, accelerate the fluid. The stationary airfoils, also known as stators or vanes, decelerate and redirect the flow direction of the fluid, preparing it for the rotor blades of the next stage.[1] Axial compressors are almost always multi-staged, with the cross-sectional area of the gas passage diminishing along the compressor to maintain an optimum axial Mach number. Beyond about 5 stages or a 4:1 design pressure ratio, variable geometry is normally used to improve operation.
Axial compressors can have high efficiencies; around 90% polytropic at their design conditions. However, they are relatively expensive, requiring a large number of components, tight tolerances and high quality materials. Axial-flow compressors can be found in medium to large gas turbine engines, in natural gas pumping stations, and within certain chemical plants.
Reciprocating compressors[edit]
Reciprocating compressors use pistons driven by a crankshaft. They can be either stationary or portable, can be single or multi-staged, and can be driven by electric motors or internal combustion engines.[1][4][5] Small reciprocating compressors from 5 to 30 horsepower (hp) are commonly seen in automotive applications and are typically for intermittent duty. Larger reciprocating compressors well over 1,000 hp (750 kW) are commonly found in large industrial and petroleum applications. Discharge pressures can range from low pressure to very high pressure (>18000 psi or 180 MPa). In certain applications, such as air compression, multi-stage double-acting compressors are said to be the most efficient compressors available, and are typically larger, and more costly than comparable rotary units.[6] Another type of reciprocating compressor is the swash plate compressor, which uses pistons moved by a swash plate mounted on a shaft (see axial piston pump).
Household, home workshop, and smaller job site compressors are typically reciprocating compressors 1½ hp or less with an attached receiver tank.
Ionic liquid piston compressor[edit]
An ionic liquid piston compressor, ionic compressor or ionic liquid piston pump is a hydrogen compressor based on an ionic liquid piston instead of a metal piston as in a piston-metal diaphragm compressor.[7]
Rotary screw compressors[edit]
Rotary screw compressors use two meshed rotating positive-displacement helical screws to force the gas into a smaller space.[1][8][9] These are usually used for continuous operation in commercial and industrial applications and may be either stationary or portable. Their application can be from 3 horsepower (2.2 kW) to over 1,200 horsepower (890 kW) and from low pressure to moderately high pressure (>1,200 psi or 8.3 MPa).
Rotary screw compressors are commercially produced in Oil Flooded, Water Flooded and Dry type.
Rotary vane compressors[edit]
Rotary vane compressors consist of a rotor with a number of blades inserted in radial slots in the rotor. The rotor is mounted offset in a larger housing that is either circular or a more complex shape. As the rotor turns, blades slide in and out of the slots keeping contact with the outer wall of the housing.[1] Thus, a series of decreasing volumes is created by the rotating blades. Rotary Vane compressors are, with piston compressors one of the oldest of compressor technologies.
With suitable port connections, the devices may be either a compressor or a vacuum pump. They can be either stationary or portable, can be single or multi-staged, and can be driven by electric motors or internal combustion engines. Dry vane machines are used at relatively low pressures (e.g., 2 bar or 200 kPa; 29 psi) for bulk material movement while oil-injected machines have the necessary volumetric efficiency to achieve pressures up to about 13 bar (1,300 kPa; 190 psi) in a single stage. A rotary vane compressor is well suited to electric motor drive and is significantly quieter in operation than the equivalent piston compressor.
Rotary vane compressors can have mechanical efficiencies of about 90%.[10]
Scroll compressors[edit]
A scroll compressor, also known as scroll pump and scroll vacuum pump, uses two interleaved spiral-like vanes to pump or compress fluids such as liquids and gases. The vane geometry may be involute, archimedean spiral, or hybrid curves.[11][12][13] They operate more smoothly, quietly, and reliably than other types of compressors in the lower volume range.
Often, one of the scrolls is fixed, while the other orbits eccentrically without rotating, thereby trapping and pumping or compressing pockets of fluid or gas between the scrolls.
Due to minimum clearance volume between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, these compressors have a very high volumetric efficiency.
This type of compressor was used as the supercharger on Volkswagen G60 and G40 engines in the early 1990s.
Diaphragm compressors[edit]
A diaphragm compressor (also known as a membrane compressor) is a variant of the conventional reciprocating compressor. The compression of gas occurs by the movement of a flexible membrane, instead of an intake element. The back and forth movement of the membrane is driven by a rod and a crankshaft mechanism. Only the membrane and the compressor box come in contact with the gas being compressed.[1]
The degree of flexing and the material constituting the diaphragm affects the maintenance life of the equipment. Generally stiff metal diaphragms may only displace a few cubic centimeters of volume because the metal can not endure large degrees of flexing without cracking, but the stiffness of a metal diaphragm allows it to pump at high pressures. Rubber or silicone diaphragms are capable of enduring deep pumping strokes of very high flexion, but their low strength limits their use to low-pressure applications, and they need to be replaced as plastic embrittlement occurs.
Diaphragm compressors are used for hydrogen and compressed natural gas (CNG) as well as in a number of other applications.
The photograph included in this section depicts a three-stage diaphragm compressor used to compress hydrogen gas to 6,000 psi (41 MPa) for use in a prototype compressed hydrogen and compressed natural gas (CNG) fueling station built in downtown Phoenix, Arizona by the Arizona Public Service company (an electric utilities company). Reciprocating compressors were used to compress the natural gas.
The prototype alternative fueling station was built in compliance with all of the prevailing safety, environmental and building codes in Phoenix to demonstrate that such fueling stations could be built in urban areas.
Air bubble compressor[edit]
Also known as a trompe. A mixture of air and water generated through turbulence is allowed to fall into a subterranean chamber where the air separates from the water. The weight of falling water compresses the air in the top of the chamber. A submerged outlet from the chamber allows water to flow to the surface at a lower height than the intake. An outlet in the roof of the chamber supplies the compressed air to the surface. A facility on this principal was built on the Montreal River at Ragged Shutes near Cobalt, Ontario in 1910 and supplied 5,000 horsepower to nearby mines.[14]
Hermetically sealed, open, or semi-hermetic[edit]
Compressors used in refrigeration systems are often described as being either hermetic, open or semi-hermetic, to describe how the compressor and motor drive are situated in relation to the gas or vapor being compressed. The industry name for a hermetic is hermetically sealed compressor, while a semi-hermetic is commonly called a semi-hermetic compressor.
In hermetic and most semi-hermetic compressors, the compressor and motor driving the compressor are integrated, and operate within the pressurized gas envelope of the system. The motor is designed to operate in, and be cooled by, the refrigerant gas being compressed.
The difference between the hermetic and semi-hermetic, is that the hermetic uses a one-piece welded steel casing that cannot be opened for repair; if the hermetic fails it is simply replaced with an entire new unit. A semi-hermetic uses a large cast metal shell with gasketed covers that can be opened to replace motor and pump components.
The primary advantage of a hermetic and semi-hermetic is that there is no route for the gas to leak out of the system. Open compressors rely on either natural leather or synthetic rubber seals to retain the internal pressure, and these seals require a lubricant such as oil to retain their sealing properties.
An open pressurized system such as an automobile air conditioner can leak its operating gases, if it is not operated frequently enough. Open systems rely on lubricant in the system to splash on pump components and seals. If it is not operated frequently enough, the lubricant on the seals slowly evaporates, and then the seals begin to leak until the system is no longer functional and must be recharged. By comparison, a hermetic system can sit unused for years, and can usually be started up again at any time without requiring maintenance or experiencing any loss of system pressure.
The disadvantage of hermetic compressors is that the motor drive cannot be repaired or maintained, and the entire compressor must be removed if a motor fails. A further disadvantage is that burnt out windings can contaminate whole systems requiring the system to be entirely pumped down and the gas replaced. Typically hermetic compressors are used in low-cost factory-assembled consumer goods where the cost of repair is high compared to the value of the device, and it would be more economical to just purchase a new device.
An advantage of open compressors is that they can be driven by non-electric power sources, such as an internal combustion engine or turbine. However, open compressors that drive refrigeration systems are generally not totally maintenance free throughout the life of the system, since some gas leakage will occur over time.
Compression of a gas increases its temperature, often referred to as the heat of compression.
in which p is pressure, V is volume, n takes different values for different compression processes (see below), and 1 & 2 refer to initial and final states.
- Adiabatic - This model assumes that no energy (heat) is transferred to or from the gas during the compression, and all supplied work is added to the internal energy of the gas, resulting in increases of temperature and pressure. Theoretical temperature rise is:[15]
with T1 and T2 in degrees Rankine or kelvins, p2 and p1 being absolute pressures and k = ratio of specific heats (approximately 1.4 for air). The rise in air and temperature ratio means compression does not follow a simple pressure to volume ratio. This is less efficient, but quick. Adiabatic compression or expansion more closely model real life when a compressor has good insulation, a large gas volume, or a short time scale (i.e., a high power level). In practice there will always be a certain amount of heat flow out of the compressed gas. Thus, making a perfect adiabatic compressor would require perfect heat insulation of all parts of the machine. For example, even a bicycle tire pump's metal tube becomes hot as you compress the air to fill a tire. The relation between temperature and compression ratio described above means that the value of n for an adiabatic process is k (the ratio of specific heats).
- Isothermal - This model assumes that the compressed gas remains at a constant temperature throughout the compression or expansion process. In this cycle, internal energy is removed from the system as heat at the same rate that it is added by the mechanical work of compression. Isothermal compression or expansion more closely models real life when the compressor has a large heat exchanging surface, a small gas volume, or a long time scale (i.e., a small power level). Compressors that utilize inter-stage cooling between compression stages come closest to achieving perfect isothermal compression. However, with practical devices perfect isothermal compression is not attainable. For example, unless you have an infinite number of compression stages with corresponding intercoolers, you will never achieve perfect isothermal compression.
For an isothermal process, n is 1, so the value of the work integral for an isothermal process is:
When evaluated, the isothermal work is found to be lower than the adiabatic work.
- Polytropic - This model takes into account both a rise in temperature in the gas as well as some loss of energy (heat) to the compressor's components. This assumes that heat may enter or leave the system, and that input shaft work can appear as both increased pressure (usually useful work) and increased temperature above adiabatic (usually losses due to cycle efficiency). Compression efficiency is then the ratio of temperature rise at theoretical 100 percent (adiabatic) vs. actual (polytropic). Polytropic compression will use a value of n between 0 (a constant-pressure process) and infinity (a constant volume process). For the typical case where an effort is made to cool the gas compressed by an approximately adiabatic process, the value of n will be between 1 and k.
Staged compression[edit]
In the case of centrifugal compressors, commercial designs currently do not exceed a compression ratio of more than a 3.5 to 1 in any one stage (for a typical gas). Since compression generates heat, the compressed gas is to be cooled between stages making the compression less adiabatic and more isothermal. The inter-stage coolers typically result in some partial condensation that is removed in vapor-liquid separators.
In the case of small reciprocating compressors, the compressor flywheel may drive a cooling fan that directs ambient air across the intercooler of a two or more stage compressor.
Because rotary screw compressors can make use of cooling lubricant to remove the heat of compression, they very often exceed a 9 to 1 compression ratio. For instance, in a typical diving compressor the air is compressed in three stages. If each stage has a compression ratio of 7 to 1, the compressor can output 343 times atmospheric pressure (7 × 7 × 7 = 343 atmospheres). (343 atm or 34.8 MPa; 5.04 ksi)
Prime movers[edit]
There are many options for the "prime mover" or motor that powers the compressor:
- Gas turbines power the axial and centrifugal flow compressors that are part of jet engines.
- Steam turbines or water turbines are possible for large compressors.
- Electric motors are cheap and quiet for static compressors. Small motors suitable for domestic electrical supplies use single-phase alternating current. Larger motors can only be used where an industrial electrical three phase alternating current supply is available.
- Diesel engines or petrol engines are suitable for portable compressors and support compressors. Common in automobiles and other types of vehicles (including piston-powered airplanes, boats, trucks, etc.), diesel or gasoline engines can power compressors using their own crankshaft power (this setup known as a supercharger), or, using their waste exhaust gas to spin a turbine connected to the compressor (this setup known as a turbocharger).
Gas compressors are used in various applications where either higher pressures or lower volumes of gas are needed:
- In pipeline transport of purified natural gas from the production site to the consumer, a compressor is driven by a gas turbine fueled by gas bled from the pipeline. Thus, no external power source is necessary.
- Petroleum refineries, natural gas processing plants, petrochemical and chemical plants, and similar large industrial plants require compressing for intermediate and end-product gases.
- Refrigeration and air conditioner equipment use compressors to move heat in refrigerant cycles (see vapor-compression refrigeration).
- Gas turbine systems compress the intake combustion air.
- Small-volume purified or manufactured gases require compression to fill high pressure cylinders for medical, welding, and other uses.
- Various industrial, manufacturing, and building processes require compressed air to power pneumatic tools.
- In the manufacturing and blow moulding of PET plastic bottles and containers.
- Some aircraft require compressors to maintain cabin pressurization at altitude.
- Some types of jet engines—such as turbojets and turbofans)—compress the air required for fuel combustion. The jet engine's turbines power the combustion air compressor.
- In SCUBA diving, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and other life support devices, compressors put breathing gas into small volume containers, such as diving cylinders.[16][17]
- In surface supplied diving, an air compressor frequently supplies low pressure air (10 to 20 bar) for breathing.
- Submarines use compressors to store air for later use in displacing water from buoyancy chambers to adjust depth.
- Turbochargers and superchargers are compressors that increase internal combustion engine performance by increasing the mass flow of air inside the cylinder, so the engine can burn more fuel and hence produce more power.
- Rail and heavy road transport vehicles use compressed air to operate rail vehicle or road vehicle brakes—and various other systems (doors, windscreen wipers, engine, gearbox control, etc.).
- Service stations and auto repair shops use compressed air to fill pneumatic tires and power pneumatic tools.
- Fire pistons and heat pumps exist to heat air or other gasses, and compressing the gas is only a means to that end.
In the United States, there were 300 gas compressor manufacturers in 2011 producing compressors for all of these uses. Although these factories were classified as small business, the total 2011 sales for gas and air compressors was over $9 billion.[18]
See also[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f Perry, R.H. and Green, D.W. (Editors) (2007). Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (8th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-142294-3.
- ^ Dixon S.L. (1978). Fluid Mechanics, Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery (Third ed.). Pergamon Press. ISBN 0-08-022722-8.
- ^ Aungier, Ronald H. (2000). Centrifugal Compressors A Strategy for Aerodynamic design and Analysis. ASME Press. ISBN 0-7918-0093-8.
- ^ Bloch, H.P. and Hoefner, J.J. (1996). Reciprocating Compressors, Operation and Maintenance. Gulf Professional Publishing. ISBN 0-88415-525-0.
- ^ Reciprocating Compressor Basics Adam Davis, Noria Corporation, Machinery Lubrication, July 2005
- ^ Introduction to Industrial Compressed Air Systems
- ^ New developments in pumps and compressors using Ionic Liquids
- ^ Screw Compressor Describes how screw compressors work and include photographs.
- ^ Technical Centre Discusses oil-flooded screw compressors including a complete system flow diagram
- ^ Mattei Compressors
- ^ Tischer, J., Utter, R: "Scroll Machine Using Discharge Pressure For Axial Sealing," U.S. Patent 4522575, 1985.
- ^ Caillat, J., Weatherston, R., Bush, J: "Scroll-Type Machine With Axially Compliant Mounting," U.S. Patent 4767293, 1988.
- ^ Richardson, Jr., Hubert: "Scroll Compressor With Orbiting Scroll Member Biased By Oil Pressure," U.S. Patent 4875838, 1989.
- ^ Maynard, Frank (November 1910). "Five thousand horsepower from air bubbles". Popular Mechanics: Page 633.
- ^ Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook 8th edition Perry, Green, page 10-45 section 10-76
- ^ Millar IL; Mouldey PG (2008). "Compressed breathing air – the potential for evil from within.". Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. (South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society) 38: 145–51. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
- ^ Harlow, V (2002). Oxygen Hacker's Companion. Airspeed Press. ISBN 0-9678873-2-1.
- ^ "Gas Compressor Manufacturing". Pell Research.


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Finally after my sister's persuasion (and commission), I decided to give polyester suit making a try! Neither of us are string bikini gals. We like more coverage/support. So we decided on a retro swimsuit design. This design requires much more work than your typical lycra swimsuit. Why? Because the fabric is cotton (with some polyester) and not stretchy, so the fit must be exact. In addition, I've also added boning to the cups and side. Read more and see more photos on my blog here: http://bit.ly/1dEJp9c


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Board-certified by the American Board of Urology, Steven Wolff, MD, received his Urology specialty Fellowship training from the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida. He shares a Urology practice with his fellow Urologists Tracy Burney, MD, and Seth Glick, MD-who are also with the Health First Physicians Group. The Urology group has two practice locations-in the Cape Canaveral Hospital Medical Plaza in Cocoa Beach and in Rockledge, FL.
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Wrexham based arts organisation THIS Project will soon be launching Galeri 3B, a brand new 'pop-up' gallery in the former Laura Ashley shop on Priory Street in Wrexham town centre. On Saturday, March 1st 3B will open with an exhibition of work by three artists; Annabelle Shelton, Sally Annett and Amy Sterly.
After the success of Undegun, which opened at the end of July last year in the former JJB Sports on Regent Street, THIS Project will take the next step and expand their creative to the new space. Over 100 artists have exhibited work at Undegun over 11 exhibitions with 34 diverse events taking place alongside during the last seven months. The creative space accommodates studios for artists to work and has been used by various groups and individuals from creative communities all over Wales and the demand for its services are thriving. When asking Dave Gray, partner of THIS Project about why they are expanding he commented;
"With the growing number of activities, events and exhibitions that Undegun runs, it seems a natural step to expand with the creative pop-up space, so after New River the owners of the former Laura Ashley shop offered the space to THIS Project, it seemed a great opportunity to expand on the work we have done at Undegun. Currently we have an array of exciting plans in the pipeline for 3B and it will insure more creative activities and community events in the near future."
Andy Morrell's two-and-a-half year reign as Wrexham manager ended today (Monday 24th January) with his resignation.
The veteran striker is the third manager to call it quits at the Racecourse in the Reds' ongoing push to return to the Football League. Despite play-off pushes of recent years, disappointing results have all but killed off their hopes for this campaign. Assistant manager Billy Barr has taken caretaker charge ahead of tomorrow night's trip to LutonTown.
Morrell, who returned to Wrexham in 2010 after stints with Coventry City, Blackpool and Bury, moved into his first management role on 23 September 2011, when Dean Saunders quit to take charge of Doncaster Rovers. He was made permanent boss a month later, having taken charge of seven wins from nine games.
Some will argue the highpoint of Morrell's reign with the Reds was the FA Trophy victory just under a year ago as over 20,000 fans followed his team to Wembley, where they beat Grimsby Town on penalties. FA Cup success has not been so forthcoming, although they did earn a third round home replay with Brighton in 2012.
Under Morrell, the club reached the play-offs in back-to-back seasons - both times, their bid ended in heartache. Luton Town beat Wrexham on aggregate in the 2011-12 semi finals, despite a gutsy 2-1 win in the return leg on a wet Bank Holiday Monday. A year later saw them return to Wembley after their Trophy triumph – but wasted opportunities cost
them dearly as Newport County saw off their Welsh rivals and returned to League Two at Wrexham's expense.
This season has seen a marked change in their league fortunes – with the club struggling to establish themselves as promotion contenders. Fluctating results, ill discipline on the pitch, injury worries and questions over Morrell himself have contributed to a poor season to date. At the times, a look at the table has seen Wrexham perilously close to a relegation dogfight, though that seems to have been avoided. For many, the last straw was Saturday's 1-0 defeat to Barnet which left the Reds ten points off the play off spots and with fourteen games of the season to go.
FOCUS Wales, now in its fourth year, presents an expanded music, comedy, and interactive programme for 2014.
The national showcase for music from Wales will also offer a two day programme of keynotes and discussions, and two days of stand-up comedy in Wrexham, North Wales from the 23rd - 26th April.
New acts announced include POET; MOVIE STAR; ROCK STAR; TV & RADIO PRESENTER; COMEDIAN; SOCIAL AND CULTURAL COMMENTATOR. Britain's best loved and most important punk performance poet: JOHN COOPER CLARKE.
Alongside comedians GARY DELANEY (Mock The Week / Radio 4) and RED DWARF'S NORMAN LOVETT.
Also announced: ALL WE ARE: an exciting 3 piece from Liverpool providing psychedelic soul & RnB. They recently signed to Domino affiliate Double 6 and are supporting Warpaint on tour in 2014. KEYS: They've had a string of critically acclaimed releases, garnering praise and support from Radio 1, 2 and 6Music's Huw Stephens, Russell Kane, Jonathan Ross, Mark Lamarr, and Lauren Laverne. KIZZY CRAWFORD: You may recognise her as the singer of Calon Lan from BBC 6 Nations adverts, Kizzy has developed an increasing sophistication to her song writing and performance, this is complimented by her soaring voice that boasts both range and charisma.
Following the much praised 2013 event, FOCUS Wales Music Festival & Conference returns to North Wales in April 2014.
FOCUS Wales will once again take over the town centre of Wrexham for four days, showcasing over 150 bands from Wales and around the globe, and presenting a series of high profile and educational music industry seminars & events, hosted across various venues within the town.
Building on the success of the 2013 event, FOCUS 2014 acts and guest speakers announced so far include Radio 1 DJ HUW STEPHENS, POLTERGEIST (fest WILL SERGEANT of ECHO & THE BUNNYMEN, ALAN McGEE (FOUNDER OF CREATION RECORDS – OASIS, LIBERTINES, PRIMAL SCREAM) alongside a host of the best new Welsh talent – including Welsh Music Prize Winner GEORGIA RUTH, EUROS CHILDS,
Other international acts announced include Austrian 'Effie', and a special focus on music from Canada; represented in five showcase slots by Mise En Scene, Darren Eedens and The Abramson Singers.
FOCUS Wales 2014 takes place on the 23rd, 24th, 25th and 26th April across various venues in Wrexham, North Wales.
Full 4 day wristbands for admission to all FOCUS events are available now at price www.focuswales.com/tickets from a special earlybird price of £25 each.
FOCUS Wales is supported by Arts Council of Wales and Welsh Government