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< Return To Hearing
Anne Marie AmbroseDecember 5, 2007
December 5, 2007 "Reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Good morning Senators. I am Anne Marie Ambrose, the Director of Child Welfare and Juvenile Justices Services at the Office of Children Youth and Families in the Department of Public Welfare for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. I am also a former public defender and county administrator, having spent the past 20 years committed to improving the juvenile justice system. Thank you for the opportunity to be here today to represent Pennsylvania as well as juvenile justice administrators and advocates on the critical importance of the reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA). The JJDPA has been critical in supporting juvenile justice system improvement and for delinquency prevention. JJDPA requires every state to have a State Advisory Group. In Pennsylvania, the establishment of Pennsylvania's State Advisory Group (the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Committee) within the Pennsylvania Commission on Crime and Delinquency in 1978, has provided tremendous leadership and commitment to improving the juvenile justice system and to provide a consistent focus on delinquency prevention. Most major Pennsylvania juvenile justice reform initiatives of the recent past have been accomplished primarily because of the strength of our State Advisory Group. Governors of both parties have appointed SAG members without regard for political affiliation but based on experience, expertise and dedication in the field of juvenile justice. Our SAG--known as the JJDPC--is composed of judges, probation officers, researchers, youth and victim advocates, defenders, district attorneys, practitioners, community leaders, providers and educators. Pennsylvania thus has the best and brightest engaged in intensive discussions and planning to create a framework for juvenile justice and delinquency prevention goals for Pennsylvania youth and families. Pennsylvania has used our federal dollars well, through the efforts of the JJDPC, by promoting public protection while protecting youth and providing them with life opportunities. Our SAG has accomplished a great deal with a relatively small amount of JJDPA funding. Additional funding would enable the SAG to continue to promote juvenile justice and delinquency prevention reform. Pennsylvania has a proud history of full compliance with the core requirements of the JJDPA, which include: Deinstitutionalization of Status Offenders (with a particular emphasis on the special needs of girls), Jail Removal, Sight and Sound Separation, and Disproportionate Minority Contact. The Core Protections have all been longstanding goals of Pennsylvania's juvenile justice system. We believe in the fair, humane and just treatment of all youth in the juvenile justice system. We believe that all youth have potential to be productive citizens through our juvenile justice mission of Balanced and Restorative Justice. In the early 1990's high violent juvenile crime rates raised concerns as to the effectiveness of juvenile justice system intervention. Out of these concerns, the Pennsylvania General Assembly in 1995 passed Act 33, which amended Pennsylvania's Juvenile Act. The new law provided that, consistent with the protection of the public interest, the purpose of the juvenile justice system is: "to provide for children committing delinquent acts programs of supervision, care and rehabilitation which provide balanced attention to the protection of the community, the imposition of accountability for offenses committed and the development of competencies to enable children to become responsible and productive members of the community." This new purpose clause is rooted in the philosophy of "balanced and restorative justice," which gives priority to repairing the harm done to crime victims and communities and which defines offender accountability in terms of assuming responsibility for the harm caused by his/her behavior and taking action to repair that harm to the extent possible. In response to recommendations presented to the Governor in 1997 by the JJDPC, the Commonwealth has developed a strong juvenile justice and delinquency prevention infrastructure that has helped to make Pennsylvania a national leader in juvenile justice and delinquency prevention. In 1998, the Committee adopted a mission statement and guiding principles for Pennsylvania's juvenile justice system in order to guide the operation of the system and shape system policy. The JJDPC meets quarterly and submits a plan to the Governor every two years. The JJDPC Subcommittees meet quarterly as well to drive the work and make recommendations in critical priority areas such as female services, detention services, evidence-based prevention and intervention practices as well as disproportionate minority contact. We have made considerable progress in the area of detention services. Detention is the gateway for all youth in the juvenile justice system. Detention can be a traumatic experience for a child. Evidence is clear that youth of color are detained in disproportionate numbers. Pennsylvania has created detention standards that require probation and the courts to analyze and articulate a basis for depriving youth of their freedom, only using secure detention to protect the community or assure appearance in court. Pennsylvania does not place status offenders in secure detention under any circumstances. With a dramatic increase in the number of youth entering the juvenile justice system with mental health issues, Pennsylvania invested in a Mental Health Assessment of Youth in Detention project in 2000. By 2006 we had implemented the Massachusetts Adolescent & Youth Screen Instrument (MAYSI-2) as a screening tool in all of our 23 detention centers. The MAYSI-2 allows us an opportunity for early identification and prioritization of those youth who need continued assessment and evaluation to determine whether they can be diverted from the juvenile justice system or what kind of care is most appropriate based on their mental health needs. In order to ensure that only those youth who pose a danger to the community or are likely not to appear in court enter secure detention, Pennsylvania has created a strong continuum of pretrial detention alternatives. This has been a good thing for youth and communities. Philadelphia, for example, has built a continuum of detention services anchored by a secure detention center that has 105 beds. That is much smaller than detention centers in cities of similar size, largely because there are other effective resources in the community and the courts are able to make wise and appropriate decisions about which youth require secure detention. The JJDPC in coordination with PCCD's Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention has administered federal funding under the JJDP Act to advance overall juvenile justice system improvement and for delinquency prevention. Through the years our committee has used the goals of the JJDPA and critical federal funding as a springboard for juvenile justice reform that has become a national model. Title II funds have supported a broad range of juvenile justice and delinquency prevention projects and this has been the most stable federal funding source over the last several years. These funds have focused on four main areas: monitoring activities to maintain compliance with the federal JJDP Act, addressing the issue of disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile justice system, implementing model delinquency prevention programs and overall juvenile justice system improvement efforts. Title V funds under the JJDP Act were used to launch Pennsylvania's Communities That Care (CTC) Risk-Focused Prevention Initiative in 1994. CTC is still a critical prevention planning process used by many communities around the Commonwealth. Devastating cuts in federal funding over the last few years have forced the committee to reevaluate our work and focus even more on prevention as well as on sustainability of programs. Through the leadership of our SAG and its system partners, Pennsylvania continues to be a model for the nation in its approach to preventing and appropriately responding to delinquency. The combination of state leadership and vision with local autonomy and innovation is the strength of our system and future progress will depend on continued commitment and leadership. Our priority areas are aligned with other states. Pennsylvania is part of the national organization of state youth service agencies called the Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators (CJCA), which has taken the lead on providing training and support on many of the critical issues in juvenile justice today. Across the country juvenile justice leaders are working to educate elected officials and policymakers about youth development and explain that empowerment models of treatment for delinquent youth are not inconsistent with, but in fact, complement community protection. Pennsylvania is a participant and leader in those discussions on a national level to promote a more informed and systemic approach to helping youth in the juvenile justice system. Key priority issues targeted for improvements are: 1. Evidence-Based Prevention and Intervention Practices Since 1998, the JJDPC has funded over 160 model prevention/intervention programs with a combination of federal and state funds. The JJDPC has used much of its federal funding over the years to invest in evidence-based prevention/intervention programs such as Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, Functional Family Therapy and Multisystemic Therapy. In the absence of any good research that establishes that public safety is enhanced by prosecuting juveniles in adult court or placing them in institutions, Pennsylvania has invested in supporting youth and families in their communities. In order to build on our current prevention efforts and build more in-state capacity, planning is underway to develop a Resource Center for Evidence-Based Prevention and Intervention Practices. The overall purpose of the Center will be to support the proliferation of high quality and effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs throughout Pennsylvania. We want to improve and promote Pennsylvania's knowledge of effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs and practices by advancing recognized standards of research for determining program effectiveness. Federal funding will support the start-up and operation of prevention or intervention programs proven to be effective, and ensure Evidence-Based Program models are implemented with fidelity and adherence to quality assurance standards. Pennsylvania's OJJDP will serve as a resource to the field. It will help implement evidence-based programming as well as support local innovative intervention programs designed to further BARJ principles. Our SAG believes that a vital part of the overall evidence-based initiative will be increasing collaboration among all state agencies on planning and programming related to juvenile delinquency prevention and the reduction and prevention of violence by and against children. Another key aspect is supporting providers and probation departments in documenting their activities so that programs/departments can track performance and report outcomes in a standardized way. Such reports will support research into what programs work best with which offenders. These interventions are both cost-effective and have proven outcomes. Important resources like the Resource Center for Evidence-Based Prevention and Intervention Practices require stable federal funding to succeed. In 2003, JJDPC priorities became the basis for our work with the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation's "Model for Change" Initiative. The Foundation selected Pennsylvania as its first state to participate in the "Models for Change" initiative. Pennsylvania was chosen due to its favorable reform climate and leadership's interest in accelerating the pace of juvenile justice reform. Having a strong State Advisory Group was a key factor in Pennsylvania's selection. The SAG--i.e., the JJDPC-- has used Pennsylvania's partnership with the MacArthur Foundation to advance its promotion of broad juvenile justice system reform in the areas of aftercare, mental health services, and disproportionate minority contact. The JJDPC has contributed dollars as well as talent to this partnership. Pennsylvania believes in keeping children and families together whenever possible and using the least restrictive intervention necessary as required by our Juvenile Act. To that end, when youth must be placed in out-of-home care, DPW has implemented Performance-based Standards (PbS)--developed by the Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators (CJCA) and supported by the federal Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) -- to insure quality care in juvenile correctional facilities for youth who require secure confinement. Pennsylvania has created a rich continuum of care for youth in the juvenile justice system. A range of options are available to place youth in the most appropriate setting based on a balanced and restorative justice framework. I am proud to say, given Pennsylvania's size, that we have only 600 or so secure placement beds. Pennsylvania continues to evaluate whether we can decrease the use of placement and increase the use of effective community based programs, without compromising community safety. As part of this effort, Pennsylvania is using our partnership with MacArthur to create assessment and evaluation tools that are based on the individual needs and strengths of each youth involved in the juvenile justice system. Another major initiative in Pennsylvania is developing a comprehensive aftercare system. Stakeholders in the juvenile justice system as well as others in related systems are working together to develop a model aftercare system for youth leaving delinquency placements. Our SAG has contributed federal dollars to this effort, which is also supported by the MacArthur Foundation. A comprehensive approach to aftercare will ensure that youth receive timely and appropriate social support in such areas as: ? Enrolling immediately in school or have a job waiting for them. ? Continuing the follow-up services that are required for those who received physical or behavioral health treatment while in care. ? Having strong adult support from family or other caring adults. ? Having sufficient attention paid to developing their skills while in care so that they can successfully return to their home and community. ? And ensuring that all youth offenders understand and acknowledge the wrongfulness of their actions and the impact of their crimes on the crime victim and the community. Each child must recognize his or her responsibility for causing harm. It is important that returning juveniles who need to continue their treatment in the community have access to a continuum of services that have been demonstrated to be effective. Effective re-entry planning--which should begin before youth enter placement--is crucial if they are to benefit from residential treatment programs and successfully return home. It is also a key element in promoting public safety and recidivism. I think we can all agree that it would be ideal if we could prevent youth from entering the juvenile justice system in the first place. In meeting its public safety responsibilities, Pennsylvania's juvenile justice system has turned away from a purely reactive approach to delinquency, in favor of one that focuses on creating conditions and programs that promote positive development for all young people and prevent delinquency from occurring at all. To those ends, the Department of Public Welfare has created an Integrated Children's Services Plan to bring together all child serving systems in an effort to make appropriate planning decisions. The juvenile justice system should only be for youth who pose a risk to the community and require ongoing court supervision. Education, mental health, and families-- all working together with juvenile probation-- can identify appropriate diversion resources to meet the mandates of Balanced and Restorative Justice. Federal funding is needed to stabilize and expand this innovative practice. Pennsylvania's SAG--the JJDPC--has helped to create a model juvenile justice system. In 2005, of 45,504 delinquent dispositions, only 3487 youth are placed in out of home care. Much of our good work has been built around the core protections for children found in the JJDPA. Those protections should be maintained and strengthened through JJDPA reauthorization. Pennsylvania's work, like that of other states, has been made increasingly difficult because of significant cuts in federal justice funding. While Title II formula grants have remained relatively constant, there have been significant cuts to Title V prevention dollars and to specialized initiatives. There have been significant cuts to other federal funding streams--such as Justice Assistance Grants and Juvenile Accountability Block Grants-- that our SAG has used to leverage JJDPA dollars. This is particularly true in the area of racial and ethnic disparities. The most recent data from the justice department reveals that youth of color represent two thirds of all incarcerated youth. Studies also reveal that racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system cannot be explained by offenses only. Indeed, there are promising approaches that are tackling racial and ethnic disparities in several jurisdictions across the country with promising results. Congress should encourage, incentivize and strengthen those approaches by assuring accountability for this core mandate by requiring measurable results. Despite the significant decrease in funding through OJJDP over the years, the federal office must have a critical role in advancing juvenile justice reform. OJJDP should be charged with not only holding states accountable for adhering to the goals of the JJDPA but for providing technical assistance to states in order to achieve those goals. Incentive funding should also be made available for states that are able to demonstrate the ability to create innovative and effective local initiatives that provide treatment to youth involved in the juvenile justice system while keeping communities safe. OJJDP should be responsible for measuring outcomes in states that receive federal funding. OJJDP was once a leader in providing research to the field; that role has become attenuated since the late 1990s. I hope that I have been able to communicate the critical importance of reauthorization of the JJDPA. It has helped create a synergy in Pennsylvania's juvenile justice system that recognizes the need to provide the opportunity for redemption for our troubled youth while valuing the importance of community protection and the community's critical role in achieving youth redemption. Our reform efforts would not have been possible without federal funding that was available over the last several years. In order to sustain our progress and continue to make critical investments in prevention, including evidence-based programs, the Act must be reauthorized with its core protections in place; and JJDPA and other federal funding streams should have additional funds that can be targeted to important federal and state goals. Thank you for the opportunity to address you on this very important issue. I encourage Congress to not only support but also strengthen the JJDPA. JJDPA has been the most important statement of national juvenile justice policy during my 20 years in the field. It establishes important values while giving states great flexibility to respond to their unique needs. Pennsylvania has shown that a comparatively small amount of funding can provide enormous leverage, further good values and allow states to keep communities safe while supporting youth redemption. I am happy to answer any questions you might have regarding my testimony. |


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Why Emerging Markets Matter
The United Nations estimates the ranks of the global middle class will swell by 2 billion people by 2030, with the bulk of that growth occurring in China, India and other emerging-market countries. Population growth rates in the world's less developed regions are projected to average roughly five times that of the world's developed regions over the next 10 years alone. This growth differential is expected to widen in subsequent years, helping developing countries account for more than three-fourths of global GDP by 2050, up from about half now.
This emerging-market explosion has significant implications for the world economy and for investors. We saw some of this at Pittsburgh's gathering of the Group of 20 nations (G-20) in 2009, where some developing countries were made full partners, thus assuring their place at the table when it comes to shaping global economic policies. While we at Federated have always counseled investors to maintain a diversified portfolio that includes international holdings, the case has never been more compelling.
This Time, History Isn't Repeating Itself
In some ways, the case for investing in developing countries is enhanced by what has happened in developed countries. One of the ironies of the global financial crisis is that the major developed countries, and not developing countries, emerged in worse shape. It may be a cliché, but until this past decade and particularly the 2008-09 global recession, it has been true: Whenever the Western economies caught a cold, the developing countries got the flu. Their export markets would dry up. Internal demand, never enough to support their economies, would decline. Production cutbacks and layoffs would spawn social and political unrest. Foreign capital would flee, their currencies would plunge in value and inflation would soar. It is a story that has been repeated time and again, from the Latin American crises of the 1980s to the Mexican (1994), Asian (1997) and Russian (1998) financial crises of the 1990s.
But this time around, the global financial crisis was of the developed world's own making, and it was the developed countries that continue to bear the brunt of its costs. According to professors Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff of the University of Maryland and Harvard, respectively, private debt exceeds more than 200% of GDP in advanced European countries and nearly 300% in the U.S. This run up—fed by the past decade's near-record-low interest rates and an explosion in mortgage loan products—is in addition to record public debt that soared the past several years as policymakers adopted massive and coordinated stimulus packages to stem global decline. By comparison, debts—both public and private—are relatively small in the developing world, freeing them to focus on growing their economies and their middle class as the global recovery takes hold.
Fiscal Fitness Helps EM Countries Catch Up
Fiscal budget deficits as a share of GDP stood at 6.6% in advanced economies in 2011, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), versus 1.2% in emerging markets. Gross government debt as percent of GDP was 105.5% for advanced countries, versus just 37% for EM economies. For developed countries, there are no easy solutions to the debt problem. Potential fixes—tax increases, spending cuts or both—will likely further inhibit what has been subpar growth if a country is growing at all. Reinhart and Rogoff have concluded that when gross debt-to-GDP ratios exceed 90% for five years or longer, a path the U.S. is on, average annual growth tends to run two percentage points lower than for countries with debt below 30% of GDP. A two percentage-point reduction is hugely significant; had that occurred in the U.S. since World War II, the growth rate over the past 65 years would have been roughly halved.
To be sure, developing countries historically have been more prone to political eruptions and economic crises, and their less-regulated, higher-beta markets have always been more volatile and less liquid. The past few decades are scattered with the remnants of lenders and investors felled by debt crises and market collapses in Latin America and Asia. These concerns are not easily dismissed or forgotten, particularly as concerns mount that the faster growth and surging spending in China and other emerging markets could be creating asset bubbles—and as we witnessed, bubbles can burst at a painful cost.
A Structural and Secular Story
Still, the important role emerging countries now play in the global economy reflects a structural and secular shift that has been building for years. At the core of this realignment process is a significant widening in the growth differentials between the developed and developing countries. Debtladen developed countries are now being forced to deleverage, rebuild savings and restore their balance-sheet health, a process that undermines an economy's future growth potential because so much of its resources must be used not to build productive capacity but to restore fiscal health. The IMF estimates that financial recessions typically run 1½ times longer than typical cyclical economic recessions, and economists Reinhart and Rogoff note such recessions tend to inflict far more damage than the typical cyclical recession.
At the same time much of the Western world undergoes this deleveraging process, many emerging countries—particularly in Asia and Latin America—are using their financial where-withal to work on building their internal economies to meet the needs of a rapidly expanding middle class. China, for example, already buys more beer, cars and cell phones than U.S. citizens, and the gap is widening. It's not just China that's experiencing such rapid middle-class growth. It's happening over much of Asia, creating a huge demand for resources and commodities that in large part is being fed by commodity- and resource-rich emerging countries in Latin America, such as Peru, Brazil, Argentina and Venezuela. This Asian-Latin American axis is a key force in the convergence between developing and developed countries.
Underleveraged and Undercapitalized
Emerging countries—particularly in Asia and Latin America—also are undertaking massive investments in railroads, telecommunications, roads, ports, airports, power stations, and water supply and sanitation systems to accommodate their booming population and urbanization. India alone is planning $1.7 trillion of such investment through 2020, and office and residential construction has surged in China, where it is expected that 350 million more people will move into its urban centers by 2025, a number that easily exceeds the current U.S. population. Overall, the U.N. predicts 1 billion new dwellings will need to be built by 2020 to accommodate developing countries' growth, with 90% of the supply going up in emerging markets.
The economies of emerging countries are projected to continue to grow at nearly triple the pace of the developed world. And emerging countries have the capacity to grow. Their debt levels are comparatively low, many of their working-age populations aren't expected to peak for another 10 to 20 years (they already have in the developed world) and their ability to generate their own capital has never been higher. Still, even with a growing pool of internal financial resources, their growth is expected to outstrip their ability to finance themselves on their own. Emerging markets are considered undercapitalized, under-owned and under-leveraged, creating attractive investment opportunities.
As Gap Narrows, Opportunities Widen
This is good news for investors and the U.S. economy. Confronting a highly leveraged consumer and government, the country must turn elsewhere for growth, and for the foreseeable future, much of that will come from emerging markets. President Obama's push to double exports in five years reflects the reality that, unlike U.S. consumers and federal, state and local governments whose ability to spend and grow will be hemmed in by the buildup of debt on their balance sheets, the potential for growth in exports is limited only by the competitiveness of U.S. goods and services and the global appetite for them. And that appetite, increasingly, is coming from emerging markets. In 2012, Mexico, China and Brazil were the second, third- and 7th-largest markets for U.S. exports.
Similarly, for investors who take a long-term view, emerging markets offer potentially historic opportunities. While developing countries already account for about half of global GDP, they still represent less than a quarter of global market capitalization, a gap that is likely to move toward a better balance as developing and developed economies converge in coming years. For all the concerns about political upheaval, volatility and crises, emerging-market countries already have exhibited staying power. Over the last 10 years, emergingmarket equities and emerging-market fixed income assets provided greater returns than their U.S. and international counterparts, according to Morningstar. It would seem that, now more than ever, the case has never been stronger for a diversified portfolio to include emerging markets.
Executive Summary
- An exploding middle class has pushed emerging markets' collective share of global consumption well beyond that of the U.S., and the gap is projected to widen.
- Compared with the U.S. and Europe, most Asian and Latin American markets suffered less and emerged more quickly from the 2007-2008 global financial crisis and recession.
- Many emerging countries are in their best fiscal and financial shape in decades, lessening their dependence on outsiders as they grow their economies.
- The maturation of emerging markets, and their increasing integration into the global economy, is broadening investment options for diversified investors.


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''Unfortunately, control of Aedes aegypti is a never-ending job,'' said Larry Hriber, the mosquito control district's research director.
In the trial, thousands of male mosquitoes bred by Oxitec would be released in a handful of Key West blocks where the Aedes aegypti is known to breed; the number of mosquitoes in those neighborhoods would be measured against the numbers from similar blocks where no modified mosquitoes were released.
The state's agriculture department oversees the mosquito control district, and Doyle said he would not expect any challenge from the state if the FDA signed off on the trial. The mosquito control district wouldn't need any local permit for the trial, either, but officials held a public meeting earlier this year and have posted information on the agency's website.
Still, it could take years for the FDA to approve the trial.
There hasn't been a case of dengue fever in Key West since November 2010, but two other cases were reported elsewhere in South Florida this fall.
The mosquito trial proposed for Key West wouldn't be the first release of genetically modified insects in the U.S.
In 2009, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service concluded that integrating genetically modified pink bollworms, bred by Oxitec to be sterile but more competitive in mating than regular bollworms, into the agency's plant pest control program was ''the environmentally preferable alternative'' to combat the cotton pest. The program was discontinued, however, after officials found that the genetically modified insects were not as hardy as pink bollworms sterilized through irradiation, and that their use would cause farmers to lose their organic certification.
Oxitec said the USDA's environmental assessment is one of several examples of proof that the trial's risks and methods are being independently evaluated. The company has trials in Brazil, the Cayman Islands and Malaysia, and it says it's gotten positive reviews from the latter two governments. It also cites its published research in peer-reviewed journals.
But Biddle, the onetime dengue patient, wants Oxitec to continue testing the modified mosquitoes outside the U.S.
''Why the rush here?'' the Key West man said. ''We already have test cases in the world where we can watch what is happening and make the best studies, because wouldn't it be wonderful if we could find out how it can be fail-safe — which it is not right now. It's an open Pandora's box.''
Follow Jennifer Kay on Twitter at www.twitter.com/jnkay .


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What a ridiculous violation of free will. That's my only opinion, besides the obvious fear mongering BS. What should really be taxed is "heart healthy" oils and soy, but lol
There seems to be increasing talk of sugar taxes, soft drink bans and the like. I do hate my taxes going to fix public health problems that stem from people scoffing soft drink and lollies. But where would you draw the line? And I'd hate to see a precedent set that allows something like red meat to be taxed on the basis of preventing bowel cancer...
Health boss calls for sugar tax Today's News - The Mercury - The Voice of Tasmania
What do you think?
What a ridiculous violation of free will. That's my only opinion, besides the obvious fear mongering BS. What should really be taxed is "heart healthy" oils and soy, but lol
Last edited by Derpamix; 06-04-2013 at 07:27 PM.
He who dares not offend cannot be honest.
I think that there should be a law where producers need to be honest about where their ingredients were sourced from.
Disclaimer: I eat 'meat and vegetables' ala Primal, although I don't agree with the carb curve. I like the Perfect Health Diet a lot.
Griff's cholesterol primer
5,000 Cal Fat <> 5,000 Cal Carbs
Winterbike: What I eat every day is what other people eat to treat themselves.
bloodorchid is always right
In the case of the US I'd first like to see how much mileage we could get out of revoking subsidies. Chemists would not have bothered developing HFCS without them, for one example.
Overall I'm pretty ambivalent about the government managing public nutrition since it's too easily infiltrated and has a pretty bad record so far. People somehow managed without food advice before the 20th century. I could support the rationale for taxing sugar and other purified additives like soybean oil because their categorization as food is questionable, but I can't see it happening politically.
Lots of: urban hiking, cycling, sprinting
Lots of: fresh meat, seafood, eggs, organs, tubers, starch fruits, vegetables, meat fat, dairy fat, oil fruits
Some: cured meat, dairy protein, sweet fruits, rice, pulses, tree nuts, oil seeds
Minimal: soy, refined proteins, sugar, liquid carbohydrate, grains, refined oils, peanuts
it's all fun and games til someone bans my butter
then it'll be war
yeah you are
somethings happening to my dangus!
I do not support any sin taxes of any kind. People want to ingest unhealthy stuff, that is their right to do so and not be taxed for it. Even though identifying what stuff is healthy and what is not isn't that difficult, there is much room for debate with respect to how much is too much. I do not trust politicians to determine what is too much any more than I trust them to determine what decisions I am not capable of making for myself. Nope, no interest in the continued expansion Father Knows Best government.
I live in a state that sales taxes food (I believe there are 11 states that do this). I draw the line everywhere, once my income is taxed. I paid the taxes when I earned it. Paying value added/sales tax is merely putting a gun to my head when I purchase something with my already taxed earnings.
Most of the price of gas, cigarettes, and alcohol are taxes even before you pay sales tax on them - they're just hidden.
I mean really, just how many hours per year am I supposed to work for someone other than myself?
"Right is right, even if no one is doing it; wrong is wrong, even if everyone is doing it." - St. Augustine
There is no tax on food in Washington State, with the exception of candy and soft drinks. I love where I live
Edit: They do tax liquor now, which annoys me.
Stumbled into Primal due to food allergies, and subsequent elimination of non-primal foods.
Start Gluten-Free/Soy-Free: December 2012; start weight 158lbs, Ladies size 6
Start Primal: March 2013, start weight 150lbs, Ladies size 6
Current: 132lbs, Ladies size 2
26lbs lost since cutting the crap.
All taxation is wrong.
| My (food) Blog | Follow me on Facebook | Pinterest | Twitter |
It does not take a majority to prevail, but rather an irate, tireless minority, keen on setting brushfires of freedom in the minds of men. - Samuel Adams
Because you want to build your own roads? Pay for schooling your kids? Get a bill sent to you for military protection? Have only rick kids get to be doctors? Taxes are fine. But over taxation leads to people like me doing everything they can to avoid it from working non-traditional jobs to buying food from non-taxed sources. Once you have the average old lady screwing with the govt to avoid stupid over taxation, you have to know that something stinks at the states' and federal capitols.
"Right is right, even if no one is doing it; wrong is wrong, even if everyone is doing it." - St. Augustine


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Diesel Jaylin Jacket
Scotch & Soda Faded Black Sweater
Shioner 880W (31x30) - second pair
Clark 'Jink' Brogue
The first pair of these I had are awesome, I just fancied a change in terms of where the bleach sports are on the jeans. My initial pair are now in the mall, first time wear on these ones!
Still one of the best washes Diesel have released IMO.
You're right... A very special wash and one of the best. Sad that my Krooley isn't as extreme as... i think it was Phukettes Safado 880W. Breathtaking... Maybe i'll try to catch a more extreme wash when i get the chance.
Shioner 880W is available @ Yoox again in different sizes, by the way;)


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At Home Restaurant, we are dedicated to showcasing the abundance of sustainably and responsibly raised products from around our own agriculturally rich and diverse region in a modern yet comfortable atmosphere. A true farm-to-table restaurant, the team at Home Restaurant NYC believes in the integrity of the ingredients used to craft its menu and is proud to support local New York state farms and farmers, whose hard work and dedication produce the superior ingredients that are the backbone of Home Restaurant's unpretentious Seasonal American menu.
As a compliment to the menu, the wine and cocktail program at Home Restaurant NYC is also a study in artisinal wine and spirits production. Home Restaurant NYC is proud to offer a generous selection of affordable boutique and small production American wines with a strong focus on regional viniculture, including wines from the Hudson Valley, Finger Lakes and North Fork alongside New York state based beer and spirit producers like Brooklyn Brewery and Tuthill Town Spirits. At Home Restauarnt NYC, it is our belief that by supporting our culinary community, of which we are truly proud to be a member of, not only are we helping to keep West Greenwich Village a thriving dining destination, we are providing an exceptional dining experience to each and every person who comes in our door. Whether you are coming from across the country, across town or just across the street, we are happy to extend our invitation to dine with us at Home and become a part of our community. |
Critics' Pick, NY Mag 'The ad said 'FOR SALE—A COZY 30-SEAT GREENWICH VILLAGE RESTAURANT WITH A ROMANTIC GARDEN.' Former owners David Page and Barbara Shinn didn't resist. Still fresh and cozy today, Home celebrates the same midwestern-style with amazingly greaseless fried onion rings, mac 'n' cheese topped with bread crumbs and cooked in a skillet, and Grandma's chocolate pudding with the same gentle prices.' — Gael Greene |


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6. Windows XP's System Restore Facility
If your Windows system has suddenly started misbehaving, for example after you perform a software installation or update, the Windows System Restore facility lets you restore the system to a previous state. System Restore automatically creates Restore Points whenever you install or update your system. You can also, if you wish, manually create additional Restore Points at any time.
Note that performing a System Restore will only affect Windows system and application files. It will not change any of your own files or documents.
If you are unable to start up your XP system normally, you can try running System Restore with Windows running in Safe Mode as described above.
To restore your system to a previous Restore Point:
- Log on to Windows as Administrator (or as any other administrator-level user).
- Click
then[Help and Support]
then[Performance and Maintenance]
then[Using System Restore to undo changes]
then[Run the System Restore Wizard]
. - On the
Welcome to System Restore
screen, selectRestore my computer to an earlier time
(if it is not already selected), and then clickNext
. - On the
[Select a Restore Point]
screen, click the most recent system checkpoint in theOn this list, click a restore point
list, and then clickNext
. - A System Restore message may appear that lists the configuration changes that System Restore will make. Click
. - On the
Confirm Restore Point Selection
screen, clickNext
. System Restore restores the previous Windows XP configuration, and then restarts the computer. - Log on to the computer as Administrator or other administrator-level user. The
System Restore Restoration Complete
screen appears. - Click
If performing a System Restore did not solve your problems, the you could try the Windows Repair Installation described below.
Up: Contents Previous: 5. Safe Mode Next: 7. Windows XP Repair Installation


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I. Board business
A. Call to order B. Roll call C. Approval of agenda and order of business D. Approval of the February 28, 2008 regular board meeting minutes E. Date of the next regularly scheduled meeting: July 24, 2008
II. Public comment
This time is set aside for persons wishing to address the board on non-agenda items. Speakers are limited to five minutes. If written material is included, please provide 20 three-hole-punched copies of all information to board staff prior to the meeting for distribution to board members. Action will not be taken at this meeting on citizen comments. The board, however, after hearing from interested persons, may place items on a future agenda so proper notice may be given to all interested parties.
III. Reports
A. Building Codes Division's report B. Licensees with unpaid penalties C. Summary of enforcement actions previously taken by the division for cases 1 through 27, outlined on the enforcement board report. (No board action required) D. Program updates
IV. Communications
2008 Oregon Elevator Specialty Code amendment proposal period timeline: April 23, 2008 through June 5, 2008
V. Appeals - None
VI. Unfinished business
A. Board review of reciprocal licensing agreement B. Board review and consider revised reciprocal licensing rules
VII. New business
A. Consider and approve new penalty matrix and rules B. Consider and approve for subsequent hearing and adoption of draft rules for elevator minor label program implementation C. Board review and consider licensing exemption from engineer requirements D. Consider alternate verification for Christine Luke
VIII. Announcements
The Building Codes Division is forming a rulemaking advisory committee for energizing electrical installations by licensed supervising electricians
IX. Adjournment
Please do not park vehicles with "E" plates in "customer only" spaces.
Interpreter services or auxiliary aids for persons with disabilities are available upon advance request.
For assistance, please contact Chris Huntington at (503) 373-1247.


text:
Nevsun Resources Ltd. Stock Upgraded (NSU)
Editor's Note: TheStreet ratings do not represent the views of TheStreet's staff or its contributors. Ratings are established by computer based on metrics for performance (which includes growth, stock performance, efficiency and valuation) and risk (volatility and solvency). Companies with poor cash flow or high debt levels tend to earn lower ratings in our model NEW YORK (TheStreet) -- Nevsun Resources (AMEX:NSU) has been upgraded by TheStreet Ratings from hold to buy. The company's strengths can be seen in multiple areas, such as its revenue growth, largely solid financial position with reasonable debt levels by most measures, notable return on equity, attractive valuation levels and expanding profit margins. We feel these strengths outweigh the fact that the company has had lackluster performance in the stock itself.
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- The revenue growth came in higher than the industry average of 13.6%. Since the same quarter one year prior, revenues slightly increased by 8.5%. This growth in revenue appears to have trickled down to the company's bottom line, improving the earnings per share.
- NSU has no debt to speak of therefore resulting in a debt-to-equity ratio of zero, which we consider to be a relatively favorable sign. Along with this, the company maintains a quick ratio of 4.86, which clearly demonstrates the ability to cover short-term cash needs.
- The company's current return on equity greatly increased when compared to its ROE from the same quarter one year prior. This is a signal of significant strength within the corporation. Compared to other companies in the Metals & Mining industry and the overall market, NEVSUN RESOURCES LTD's return on equity significantly exceeds that of both the industry average and the S&P 500.
- The gross profit margin for NEVSUN RESOURCES LTD is currently very high, coming in at 79.50%. It has increased from the same quarter the previous year. Along with this, the net profit margin of 26.80% significantly outperformed against the industry average.
-- Written by a member of TheStreet Ratings Staff
Editor's Note: TheStreet ratings do not represent the views of TheStreet's staff or its contributors. Ratings are established by computer based on metrics for performance (which includes growth, stock performance, efficiency and valuation) and risk (volatility and solvency). Companies with poor cash flow or high debt levels tend to earn lower ratings in our model
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Toasted hazelnuts and hazelnut liqueur jazz up plain frozen yogurt in this quick dessert.
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Chris Mortensen reacts to the findings of the Ted Wells' report, which details the Dolphins' harassment situation.
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Stacey Doesn't Make The Girls' Night Out
Porny Hayes
Dark Fantasy, Blowjob, Cum Swallowing, Fisting, Masturbation, Non-consensual sex, Rape, Teen Male / Female, Violence, Young
Author's infos
Gender: Male Age: 40 Location: Halifax
Posted: 2010-08-11
Unaware she had a 14 year old stalker, Stacey's plans for a girlie night out on the town take a unexpected twist
John had lived opposite Stacey for all 14 years of his life and, since his first erection at 8 and subsequent wank at 10, had made her the focal point of his fantasies. A mousey brown haired beauty, Stacey had a beautiful face with big eyes, great breasts and shapely legs.Her hair came down her back to where her bra would clasp, and she looks as good today, at 40, as she did in her mid 20's, despite having given birth 2 years ago. When she was pregnant John feared his beauty would go the way of many a woman in his area once they'd had a child/children... downhill, but Stacey had kept herself in shape and looked slimmer after birth than she actually was beforehand.
John, it has to be said, had become compulsive over her, always watching out of his windows to see her leave and arrive. It certainly didn't help that she would often surprise him with a sexy outfit every now and again rather than just a t shirt and jeans, so she'd (unknowingly) treated him to all manner of mini skirts (particularly leather and it's derivatives), leather tops and pants, small vest tops and tight tees, many of which captured forever by the long lensed SLR camera he had for his 12th birthday, which pointed continually at the front of her house. John and his mates would then print the pictures to poster size and he and his mates would whack off to them in the privacy of his bedroom.
This day was hot and sunny and with Stacey's husband out at work for the evening she planned a night at Reflex with the girls, this was the local club that played all the 80's music that she loved. John had bumped into her in the street and they'd chatted about her plans for the evening, so he knew he'd be treated to another sexy outfit.
"What ya doin'?" asked his mate Ste (15) as he walked into his room, letting himself and Tommy (15) in via the back door. "She's out tonight, so i'm just preparing" replied John, inserting a clean card into his camera and positioning it atop the tripod by the window. "Forget about that for a while and get some of this down ya" said Tommy, flashing two huge bottles of White Lightning. The three drank and did some of Ste's meth, getting themselves pretty tanked up.
They heard Stacey's front door shut and they rushed to the window to see her put her baby girl into the back of the car, ready to take to her mum's who was the assigned babysitter for the evening. The outfit certainly didn't disappoint, a black leather halterneck top, matching mini skirt and incredibly high heels. Quite how she could dance in them was a mystery but "they'd look fuckin' great right here" said Tommy, holding his hands up to his ears as if her legs were up in the air. "I'd love to fuck that bitch" added Ste as John took pictures of her bending over her daughter, securing the baby seat. "Get yer fuckin' pictures of her out, i fancy a wank".
As Stacey drove away, John went to his drawer and produced a huge A3 picture of her from the Christmas Do last year, the last time (to his knowledge) she'd worn the outfit, and placed it on the table. The three lads whipped out their cocks and proceeded to rub themselves over unknowing Stacey's photo. "Imagine fuckin' those big fat tits" said John, "and having those fuckin' thighs wrapped around yer fuckin' waist", chipped in Ste. Then, to their surprise, Stacey arrived back (childless) and went back in her house. They'd presumed that was her out for the night, but clearly she wasn't going out 'til later. "What say we actually fuck this bitch rather than just wank over her?" piped up Tommy, clearly high on drink and drugs, as were all three. "Yeah Tommy, let's hit that" agreed Ste, "you in John?"
"Hell yeah, she's been askin' for it for years" agreed a rather stoned John, and all three went over to the road and peered into the windows.
They went round the front of her house but couldn't see anything, then opened the wooden door into the back garden. "There she is" said Ste, "fuckin' look At that". Stacey was leaning forward into a full length mirror applying her lipstick, then she looked at herself and smiled, smoothing the leather over the slender belly she'd worked so hard to retain. Turning to the side she did the same to her ass, smoothing it over her small, round buttocks, "yeah Stace, you've still got it" she said to the mirror. With the window open this comment was heard by the three wanton teenagers outside, their cocks twitching in their pants aching to enter the sexy MILF. "Got it?" said Ste, "she'll fucking GET IT in a minute", and with that he kicked the backdoor open and the three ran in.
"What the... John?!!" questioned a confused Stacey as they burst into her hall. "Grab her!" John shouted to his mates and the two lads, both 5' 10" to her 5' 4", grabbed an arm each and started to drag her kicking and screaming up to the bedroom. As they reached the landing Stacey managed to free herself and ran down the corridor to the bedroom, what she didn't notice was one of her daughter's dolls on the floor. She tripped on it and fell backwards, knocking her out.
"Oh shit, she dead?" asked Tommy, as Ste lowered himself to the floor to see if she was still breathing. "Nah, 's cool she's still fuckin' breathin'. Let's get her up and onto the bed". The carried her to the bed and laid her on her back, her seemingly lifeless legs draped over the end of the mattress. "No, pull her right onto the bed and let's get to work" said John now climbing onto Stacey, straddling her waist and releasing a massive cock for such a young lad. He groped at her flabby breasts through her leather top, striking at them with his monster hard on. "Fuck me!" exclaimed Tommy as he saw his mate's cock now fully erect. He'd seen it limp in the shower room after football and joked about it's size, but to actually see how much it grew beyond flaccid left him gobsmacked.
It wasn't long before Stacey came cound, John by this time was positioned on top of her hips, wanking hard as the others groped at her breasts and thighs. Her vision sharpened just in time to see John's massive mushroom head explode over her. Ste and Tommy held her struggling body by the arms as John twisted the foreskin over his cockhead gently before releasing the first pent up load of hot sticky cum right into her face. She saw it coming and tried to turn away but it hit her squarely across her face, hitting her hair, eye and right cheek. "Hey!" she gasped in horror, as the second squirt landed right in her open mouth. "Ha ha, this bitch is really getting creamed" laughed Tommy as the next few shots landed on her leather top and the rest fell on her beatuful flat belly. John smeared some of his cum over her belly with his dick before wipng himself on her leather skirt.
"Right you fucking wanker, you done now?" shouted Stacey, annoyed at how she'd been treated by these young lads, "fucking get off me!" Tommy laughed, "we've only just begun with you, you cock teasing little bitch. Let's get her over and free those fun bags". Stacey protested, kicking and struggling beneath a now limp John, but fighting was futile and she was soon on her belly having the straps removed from her top, John's cum now being smeared all over her expensive duvet as she continued her futile struggle to freedom.
They turned her back onto her back and John grabbed at the messed up top with his right hand and flung it across the bedroom. "Look at those" said Ste leeringly, "i could suck on them all day". He was right of course, the breasts he'd imagined and wanked over in her tight tops looked fantastic naked. Big, soft and round, he pushed John off her midriff and straddled her himself, placing his hard shaft between, squeezing them into his manhood as he rocked forwards and backwards, claiming his titwank as Tommy and John held her down this time. "I love your fuckin' tits bitch" he declared, building up speed. Stacey lay there, her breasts being abused by this young lad, high on booze and drugs. She smelled the cheap alcohol on his breath as he occasionally looked at her face, concentrating his gaze almost entirely on her mounds as he pummelled away at them.
"Oh yeah, oh yeah, here it comes bitch" he said, sliding back as his first shot came bursting out of his prick, shooting up in the air like a fountain before landing with an audible splat on her soft left breast. Then again on her right, then he jerked back on his cock sending the next to her chin before concentrating again on her breasts. As the streams of hot jizz seemed never ending Tommy commented "look mate, she's not closing her eyes. She's loving this". "Like the attention from young lads do you MILF?" Stacey remained silent, secretly loving watching these horny teens literally shower her with attention.
She feigned a struggle as Tommy took postion on top of her and started smearing Ste's cum over her fleshy breasts with his hands, before placing his cock between them and pushing them firmly into his member and rampantly fucking them. In and out of them he rammed, her looking down and watching his mushroom stick out towards her face with every rampant thrust. He built up pace and she knew he was about to blow, he pulled away from her tits and moved forward to her face. "You are so fucking pretty" he said pointing his cock to her face "even if you do have some grey hairs there ha. You're still our favourite MILF". She looked down at the cockhead that was being jacked off in front of her as she took the first blow straight in her right eye, the streak running up the side of her nose. Then he pumped away at his cock as it blobbed thick cum all over her cheeks, mouth and chin. As some had blocked her nostrils she had to open her mouth, recieving a shot to the tongue. Ste squoze every last drop onto her face before sitting back onto her waist and looking at the cumsoaked babe that lay before him. "Nice work" said John, pulling a pocket camera from his pants. Ste took it and photgraphed the MILF totally creamed, cum streaming from her cheeks down the sides of her face to her ears.
Stacey lay there with her knees now up, almost acting as the back to the human chair she'd become. John walked round and looked up her skirt. "Oh lads, lads, gimmie that" he said, taking pictues up her leather mini. "What?" asked Ste, unable to see. "She's fuckin' wet" John replied, looking at the wet patch on her blue satin knickers. "Oh fuck!" Stacey thought to herself, thinking the ordeal was over. It wasn't of course, but she'd presumed once they'd all shot their loads that would be it. Now, of course, they realised that she had in fact been turned on by what they'd done to her.
"You've had your fun boys, now can you leave please?" she pleaded, hoping that abusing her massive breasts was enough. John did live over the road after all, so if he actually took this any further she'd have him in prison. "I'm prepared to turn a blind eye to all this John, so long as you all fuck off... NOW!" she exclaimed. "Oh i think the lady doth plead too much" he replied, "particularly now we can clearly see you're liking this far more than your words portray... and your actions, i notice you stopped struggling. I think you like the idea of some young lads fucking you. When did you last fuck Mr. Atkins then?" "Erm, erm last week sometime" she replied, actually it was a month ago. As fit as she was, sex wasn't regularly on the agenda since giving birth. She had always enjoyed being found attractive though, and had in fact often wondered what young guys thought about her. This night she was finding out.
Ste and Tommy got back on the bed and kneeled on her arms as John slid his hands up her skirt. Her thighs were sweaty with the heat of the leather, but he managed to slide her big pants down and free them from her heeled feet. Taking them in his hands he smelled, then tasted, the wet stain in the crotch before passing them around. Stacey started to struggle and scream, so Tommy rammed her panties into her complaining, cumsoaked mouth. John started fingering her wet pussy as she moaned into the panties. She knew the inevitable would soon happen, she would come. John rammed his fingers in and out of her, then stuck his hand inside her and fisted her. Stacey writhed to his actions, thrashing as far as she could under the constraints of Ste and Tommy. Then it happened, her whole body shook as a shattering orgasm waved through her body. John felt her warm juices around his hand so he withdrew and her come flowed out copiously. "That's right slut, come for us" he said, as she continued to make muffled moaning noises.
John ordered his friends off Stacey's arms, pulled her to the end of the bed, positioned his huge cockhead at her sopping pussy lips and pushed forward, grabbing her hips. His cock was far bigger and fatter than that of her husband and she could feel it stretching her pussy. Her fighting against her young attacker subsided and she started fucking back at his masasive length. "Oh yeah slut, you're lovin' it", he said as he looked her straight in the eyes. The two guys removed her panties from her mouth and offered their erect cocks to her face. She reached her hands up and grabbed them, wanking one while she sucked the other. This young stud was fucking her like she was young again, her husband certainly wasn't up to these moves, so she conceded that she might as well enjoy it. John pulled out and raised her legs into the air and positioned his mushroom at her anus. Stacey shook her head, "no i don't do anal". "Like you have a fucking choice bitch" he replied, pushing gently into her virgin asshole. She screamed into the cock again pummeling her mouth as John started ramming her ass. She reached down and started fingering her twat as he built up momentum, fucking faster and deeper into her. "I'm almost ready slut" he said, transferring back to her pussy. After a rampant minute he blew again, this time pushing his massive length right up to her cervix as he shot stream after stream of his hot, young load deep inside her. She held his cock tightly with her vaginal muscles as he pumped away. Suddenly she was shaking again and came herself, a mixture of his and her cum oozing from her pussy.
Pulling out, he wiped himself on her skirt and John moved to her mouth and ordered her to clean him up while Ste entered her sopping pussy. Not as big as John, but certainly as fat, Ste's cock pounded in and out of Stacey with ease. She moaned with pleasure as this other young lad filled her twat so well and fucked like a Duracell bunny. "Turn her over!" he exclaimed, quickly pulling out. "I need to fuck her ass before i shoot". With that she was spun onto her belly as he raised her buttocks up and entered her ass. "I'm getting underneath" said Tommy, positioning himself underneath and entering her twat. "Ha" said John, "you look like right cum hungry whore", pulling his camera out for more pictures as he stood above her, fucking her face. "I'll blow again in you, my sexy MILF, before we're through".
All three lads were now fucking the shit out of Stacey as she bucked against Tommy's hard cock. "If you'll come again i fucking will myself" she thought to herself. All three pounded her as hard and as fast as they could, all three of her holes completely filled. John held her nostrils as she took all of him in her throat and each exclaimed they were about to blow. John went first, shooting straight down her throat as she gagged for air, Tommy shot up inside her cunt, grabbing hard at her leather hips as Ste jetwashed her bowels with his hot load. "Keep going lads!" Stacey spluttered once John had withdrawn his cock, so the two others kept pumping as they felt her convulse once more, then sigh, as she released a final time to their beats.
They exited her holes and she lay there on the bed motionless, cum seaping from her stretched, ripped cunt and ass. The three lads grabbed their clothes and walked away, "'til next time bitch" said John as he shut the broken door behind him. Stacey lay there hoping that time would come around real soon. No doubt her wish will come true soon, perhaps they should invite a few mates over too? If you'd like a continuance fire off a few ideas...
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8 comments
Porny Hayes
2010-08-31 17:09:12
Glad you like it "anonymous reader", 5 times? RESULT! It's all an author could wish for. If you've any ideas for future stories please PM me.
anonymous reader
2010-08-30 23:42:01
id tear that pussy :D id get in on all that sh*t! this story is the shit i came like 5 times off this!
Porny Hayes
2010-08-14 17:11:13
OK, I'll look into that one for you. To poster 2, here in the UK it's the DURACELL Bunny - what's an Energizer bunny?
anonymous reader
2010-08-13 21:38:26
make it so she eventualy becomes there sub sex slave as make it so shenot actual forty but eighteen or early twentyish and she gets pregnant with there kids and gives birth. just giving some suggestions. .
2010-08-13 05:18:56
Nice story Porny. Got me hard with the big breast stuff.
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Illinois State Redbirds
The Illinois State Redbirds are the athletic teams that represent Illinois State University in Normal, Illinois. Teams play at the NCAA Division I level. The football team competes in the Missouri Valley Football Conference while most other teams compete in the Missouri Valley Conference. The fight song is Go, You Redbirds.
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Spice up your game room or fan cave with some major Steelers pride with this giant Football Field runner mat! This high-quality tufted mat features vibrant team graphics and a no-slip textured bottom for a safe and fun team pride statement!
- Measures approximately 29.5" x 72"
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- Finished with hand-surged edges
- Backed with non-skid latex
- Machine wash cold water
- Made in the USA
- 100% Nylon face
- Officially licensed NFL product
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Originally developed for boats, SilverThane SA-2100 Adhesive/Sealant is suitable for any home-building application that requires a waterproof gap-filling adhesive. It adheres tenaciously to wood, steel, Lexan, and plastic laminates, says the maker. Though sold only in white, it's paintable. It's also supposedly shrink-proof, nonyellowing, and UV-resistant. An 8.4-ounce cartridge costs $23; smaller sizes are available as well.
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Marks out the position clearly when pitching the tentProtects groundsheet from stones, thorns, etc..Protects built in groundsheet getting wet and dirty allowing easier pitching, packing and storage.100% PE construction is hardwearing and easily washableFolds into compact carry bag for convenient transportation Vango Infinity 800 Footprint |


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Upstate fallen soldier returns home (livestream has ended)
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Sgt. Channing Hicks' body returned to the Upstate on Monday at 2 p.m. A procession will take his body from GSP to Wood Mortuary on West Poinsett Street in Greer.
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He loved me, he loves me not : a guide to fudge, fury, free time, and life beyon
Harris, Lynn.
Adult Nonfiction HQ800.2.H37 1996
Harris, Lynn.
Adult Nonfiction HQ800.2.H37 1996
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Every year's farm dinner tour has a mix of veteran staff and newbies. The season's crew comes together in early May as we prepare for several months on the road. Click on the links to see bios on founder Jim Denevan and director Leah Scafe.
Look for more information soon on our 2013 crew: Kara Patt, Anna Gelb, Niki Heber, Karl Holl, Ilana Pulda, Christina Giordani & Jimmy Serlin.


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Click here for more information about Union Pacific 150th anniversary celebration events.
Photo showcase: See more images of places and items important to Union Pacific's history.
See a video /a> of retired Union Pacific employees and a historian talking about the importance of the railroad.
Check out the view in this video of the largest rail yard in the world from the Golden Spike Tower and Visitor Center in North Platte, Neb.
* * *
NORTH PLATTE, Neb. — When you're standing on the observation deck of the tower overlooking the largest rail yard in the world, it's hard to imagine a time when this place wasn't all about trains.
The railroad is everywhere, from the sprawling yard that stretches eight miles and handles 14,000 railcars each day to the packed parking lot at Walmart on railroad pay day.
It's in the white pickup trucks and SUVs with Union Pacific emblems on the doors, the North Platte equivalent of a yellow taxicab in New York City; in the banks and bars and gas stations that line the streets to the rail yard; in the neighborhoods where you'd be hard pressed to find a household without a railroader somewhere in the family tree.
And it's bigger than that, too. The train cars loaded with coal and grain and shipping containers and headed east and west to distant places pass the cities formed along the tracks as Union Pacific pushed west in the second half of the 19th century. Completion of the transcontinental railroad transformed not only the way the country moved people, products and information, but also how the West was settled.
A full century and a half after it all began, Union Pacific's impact on many of those places is as immediate as ever.
Union Pacific Railroad, headquartered in Omaha, now has more than 44,000 employees across a 23-state network — the largest of any railroad in the United States. It operates 8,200 locomotives over 31,900 route miles and is a financial powerhouse. Last year, net income was $3.3 billion.
In Nebraska alone, U.P. employs 8,000 workers — 2,500 of them in North Platte.
Looking out over the rail yard in that city, retired railroader Deloyt Young said the relationship is simple.
"If the railroad pulled out, we're done," he said. "And that includes Kearney and Grand Island too. Whether we like it or whether we don't, the railroad built this community."
* * *
Legislation signed July 1, 1862, created Union Pacific and outlined its development: west from the Missouri River, to meet with the Central Pacific Railroad, which was building east from California.
U.P. would get 6,400 acres of land and $48,000 in bonds for every mile of track it completed.
President Abraham Lincoln said the eastern terminus should be the western boundary of Iowa. But U.P. Vice President Thomas Durant, who owned property in Omaha and stood to profit if the railroad were located there, moved it across the river.
On Dec. 2, 1863, amid speeches, fireworks and bands, U.P. broke ground near Seventh and Davenport Streets — an area that once was a ferry landing, now near the CenturyLink Center.
But legal disagreements, funding delays and a significant national crisis — the Civil War — kept Union Pacific from getting started.
Finally, on July 10, 1865, crews laid the first rails in Omaha. There was no music or celebration, and only a small crew of workers; many had been laid off because the railroad was short on cash.
"The event was buried in obscurity," wrote historian and Union Pacific biographer Maury Klein, "because at that moment, the first forty miles of track seemed as remote as the Rocky Mountains."
* * *
Cruise west along Interstate 80, which takes a route similar to U.P.'s original main line across Nebraska, and imagine a landscape without four lanes of highway, without gas stations and billboards.
In 1865, it was open prairie. The railroad line had been charted out by a handful of surveyors who had traveled the area on horseback. All of the lumber and metal and tools crews needed to lay railroad track and build bridges had to be hauled by wagon.
The work was back-breaking — and, in some cases, deadly.
There were the challenges of terrain and weather, and the inherent risks of building major structures without the benefit of safety equipment or the assistance of machinery. And there were plenty of people already living in Nebraska willing to fight to stop the railroad.
Crews didn't face much trouble on the first stretch as they left Omaha. There, the Pawnee were allies of the government and the railroad.
By October of 1866, the line had reached the 100th meridian — a point near Cozad that the U.S. Geological Survey had determined to be the point between "the moist east and the arid west." The government had made it the point at which U.P. would be granted the right to continue to build west. The milestone was marked by celebrations and visits from dignitaries.
But as construction moved forward, the workers sometimes faced resistance.
The area had been plagued by drought, which meant livable spaces were in high demand, said Patricia LaBounty, collections and outreach manager at the Union Pacific Railroad Museum in Council Bluffs. Native Americans living there were well aware that the railroad stood to change their lives.
"Especially going into western Nebraska, the Sioux and Cheyenne were definitely opposed to construction going through, seeing it as a potential end to their food supply, which was bison," she said. "There was a lot of cultural and environmental stress at that time. ... It created sort of a good arena for conflict."
In one 1867 incident near Plum Creek — now Lexington — a railroad repair crew was attacked by a group of Cheyenne. Seven workers were killed.
In the beginning, with many potential workers still making their way from serving on the battlefield, Union Pacific struggled to fill work crews. Many who signed on were Irish immigrants, laying down tie after tie in the race to meet up with the Central Pacific Railroad, which was being built primarily by Chinese immigrants who had been living on the West Coast.
To foot the bill for more construction, U.P. sold off parcels of land it had been given by the government to settlers. In total, U.P. and other railroads that expanded across the state were granted more than 8 million acres of land, which amounts to more than 16 percent of the state.
The railroads pushed hard to build towns because they stood to profit on both the sale of the land and the communities that would grow and need a railroad's services. U.P. brought many people from Sweden to Saunders and Polk Counties, historian James Olson noted in his "History of Nebraska."
They and others settled in the towns the railroads laid out and, in many cases, named for employees.
* * *
Some railroad towns grew slowly and steadily as people built homes, farms, schools and stores.
Some towns were born overnight in a rush of workers and people looking to make a profit: saloonkeepers, salesmen, prostitutes. Hell on Wheels, they called them.
Klein quotes a medical officer who passed through North Platte in 1867 and found a total of 15 buildings. Nine were saloons and one was a billiards establishment. There were about 5,000 people living there, he said, "having a good time, gambling, drinking and shooting each other."
A few weeks later, when the railroad operations had moved farther west, the population shrank to a few hundred.
North Platte, however, was there for good. Over the years, as the railroad grew and expanded its local operations, including Bailey Yard, the population grew. Today, about 25,000 people live in the city.
The town kept its rough-and-tumble reputation for years. During Prohibition, some people called it "Little Chicago" — a hot spot for mobsters looking to hide out. That didn't change until the 1940s and '50s, when the railroad began investing more money, the town grew and the politicians running the town changed, said Jim Griffin, director of the Lincoln County Historical Museum.
During World War II, North Platte and its relationship with the railroad earned a very different type of attention. Its canteen for servicemen passing through served 3,000 to 5,000 a day at its peak.
Volunteers from around the area poured endless pots of coffee and made millions of sandwiches. One North Platte woman baked an angel food cake every day during the war.
"It was really an experience that you can't imagine," said volunteer Doris Kugler, now 93, who still lives in town.
Other towns formed around branch lines as U.P. expanded its reach north and south. That included places like St. Paul, about 22 miles north of Grand Island.
Union Pacific built a depot there in 1880 and it became a hub of activity for farmers who would haul their grain to be shipped by rail and for passengers looking to travel. A second railroad — the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy — built its own line and depot. By the turn of the 20th century, hotels couldn't keep pace and guests were forced to sleep on the floors or in nearby stable haylofts, according to documents from the Howard County Historical Society.
The last depot in St. Paul closed in the 1970s. Trains still rumble through, stopping occasionally to pick up a load of grain, but it's far from its former hustle and bustle.
Jerry Hruza, a retired railroader who started working for U.P. at 17, said the changes with the railroad didn't mean the end of the town. The important thing is how much the railroad meant to St. Paul's beginning.
"It brought in people to settle the area."
* * *
These days, North Platte isn't about gangsters or soldiers filling the canteen. It's about the thing that started it: the railroad.
Bailey Yard is a complex, constantly running operation. Every day, workers handle nearly 140 trains coming from both east and west, carrying coal, grain, cars, building materials and more.
It's where U.P. tries out some of its most high-tech equipment, like engines that run by remote control. If you live nearby, the sound of the railroad is almost constant.
North Platte and other nearby towns are home to several businesses that support the railroad, from logistics operation to locomotive service companies to wheel suppliers, said Dan Mauk, president and CEO of the North Platte Area Chamber & Development Corp.
Tourism also is growing. The Golden Spike Tower, a museum and rail yard observatory that opened near Bailey Yard in 2008, attracts close to 35,000 visitors each year.
(It's named for the site at Promontory Summit, Utah, where the Union Pacific met up with the Central Pacific and railroaders drove in a "golden spike" at the point where the two connected and completed a transcontinental line. North Platte, similarly, is the spot where U.P.'s east line meets its west line.)
Mauk said his group hasn't measured the impact of the railroad or of rail tourism, but said it is substantial. Particularly in the summer, hotels in town are often booked and room tax revenues are on the rise.
City sales taxes were forecast to increase by 2 percent "and we've exceeded that by far," he said. "We've had a steady path of growth, even during the recession."
Plus, Mauk said, U.P. provides good retirement benefits for its employees, who frequently stay.
There are families in town who can boast six generations on the railroad.
There are more than a few people such as 83-year-old Charles Grigsby, who on a recent morning put in a shift as a volunteer on the observation deck of the Golden Spike Tower. Grigsby leaned on his cane as he told visitors about his 30 years as a telegraph operator, a steward in passenger cars and, later, a billing clerk.
Or Young, 73, who worked as a railroad police officer, then yardmaster and finally manager of yard operations in North Platte.
They'll both tell you that their hometown, like so many others along the line across Nebraska, would be something entirely different without the hum of engines racing along the tracks.
"Railroading is like police work," Young said. "It's either in your blood or you better get out."
Contact the writer: 402-444-1543, firstname.lastname@example.com
Celebrating Union Pacific
If you're looking to get in on Union Pacific's 150th anniversary celebration, you'll have plenty of opportunities over the next few weeks.
U.P.'s steam locomotive — rail buffs know it as No. 844 — will be traveling between Council Bluffs and Omaha on Monday on its way to TD Ameritrade Park, where it will be on display during the College World Series, along with a special traveling museum car designed specifically for anniversary events. The locomotive will be at 12th and Cuming Streets beginning June 14 and will be open from noon to 8 p.m. every day through the end of the series. On June 27 it will travel back to Council Bluffs. Fans between Council Bluffs and North Platte, Neb., can spot No. 844 as it passes through on June 29.
For updates on the locomotive's location, click here.
Meanwhile, the Durham Museum has scheduled a special exhibit of part of the document that started the railroad. From July 1 through July 31, visitors to the museum can view three pages of the Pacific Railway Act of 1862. The exhibit will also include railroad-related materials from the museum's collection from Byron Reed, an influential businessman and collector in 19th century Omaha.
Upcoming events
June 20: Congressional celebration, Washington, D.C.
June 30-Sept. 16: The Great West Illustrated, an exhibition of A.J. Russell photographs, on view at the Joslyn Art Museum, Omaha
July 2: New York Stock Exchange closing bell ringing
July 13-19: "Union Pacific" movie screening, Film Streams, Omaha
July 14-15: Railroad Days, Omaha
Aug. 8-12: Iowa State Fair, Des Moines
Aug. 31-Sept. 3: Nebraska State Fair, Grand Island
Sept. 13-16: North Platte Railfest, North Platte, Neb.
Union Pacific's impact on Nebraska
Retired Union Pacific employees and an historian talk about the importance of the railroad.
Golden Spike Tower
Check out the view of the largest rail yard in the world from the Golden Spike Tower and Visitor Center in North Platte, Neb.


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Guardian for One of Its Own
SF Weekly sure has to dig deep for its press criticism these days. Just look at its Sept. 11 "Unspun" item, titled "Scoopless," which is inaccurate, unfair, and utterly devoid of any real journalistic point.
The item leads me to wonder if the Weekly's press critics, Phyllis Orrick and Susan Rasky, even bother to read the stories they trash.
It also raises a disturbing question: With all of the horrible problems in the news media these days -- all the cutbacks in news departments, all the superficial coverage of major issues, all the bottom-line-dominated monopoly publishers -- why is the Weekly attacking good, aggressive investigative reporting?
Orrick and Rasky's snide little commentary starts with a blast at Nina Siegal's Aug. 28 Bay Guardian story on book dumping at the San Francisco Public Library. "We don't know where the intrepid BG obtained its figures on library throwaways," they write, "but the rest of us got them in a press release mailed out Aug. 2 -- by the library itself."
Actually, if the intrepid critics had gone past the first six paragraphs, they would have discovered exactly where Siegal got her facts: from a computer file obtained under the California Public Records Act and the San Francisco Sunshine Ordinance by novelist Nicholson Baker, who had to threaten legal action against the library to get it.
The next -- and even more disturbing -- smear job involves Belinda Griswold's dramatic Aug. 14 Guardian story on the abuse of mental patients at East Bay Hospital. Orrick and Rasky suggest that somehow Griswold stole the story from the Oakland homeless paper Street Spirit, and its editor, Terry Messman.
Messman is an activist. His stories in Street Spirit on East Bay Hospital were powerful stuff. But Street Spirit has limited circulation and limited resources. So Messman has been trying for months to interest other, bigger media in the issue. He went to the East Bay Express (the source of the Weekly's "tip" on Griswold's story) long before he came to the Guardian, but the Express, for whatever reason, dropped the ball.
Messman shared his leads with Griswold, and gave her plenty of tips and suggestions. After talking to him, Griswold did what no other East Bay reporter would do: She took his allegations seriously, talked to the sources he gave her, then did her own, two-month-long investigation, digging through more than 700 pages of records and turning up amazing new material that had never seen the light of day. That was the basis of our story.
Our story had plenty of impact. Check out the Sept. 12 Chronicle, which reports that the Alameda County supervisors may stop referring patients to East Bay Hospital, a step Contra Costa County is also considering. Of course, the Chron gave not even passing credit to anybody -- not the Guardian, not Messman, not Street Spirit -- for breaking this story. That's standard practice at the local dailies, and has been for years.
But that's not how the Guardian operates. In fact, we gave Messman and Street Spirit full credit for their work (we even offered him a chance to co-author our story, and share the byline; he declined). We actually ran a story about Messman's newspaper and its campaign on behalf of mental patients several weeks before our own investigative report on East Bay Hospital ran.
I talked to Messman the day after the Guardian story appeared, and he told me he was thrilled about it. I even asked him to write an op-ed piece for us the next week, to give his policy recommendations yet another platform. He knows, and I know, that we're on the same side. We respect his work; he respects ours.
And although I've known Belinda Griswold for less than a year, I can assure you she's one of the best young investigative reporters I've ever seen in my journalistic career. She reported the scandal at East Bay Hospital -- and probably helped save dozens of lives -- in the time-honored fashion of all the great muckrakers: She pursued the truth.
Tim Redmond, Executive Editor
San Francisco Bay Guardian
The Editors Respond: We stand behind the commentary. Interested readers may obtain a copy of the library press release by calling 557-4277 and of the Street Spirit stories by calling Terry Messman at (510) 238-8080.
Moore Man
Phyllis Orrick and Susan Rasky appear to have a problem with Michael Moore's recent speech at the Commonwealth Club on Oct. 4 ("Unspun," Oct. 9). They refer to him as "the purported working stiff's spokesman," that he distorts reality(!), panders, snubs friends, and is prejudiced.
The speech I listened to must have been different from the one they purport to have heard. I'm sure Moore is not perfect. But does he deserve the hatchet job? Lighten up, ladies! We know who the enemy of the working class is, and it isn't Moore.
John Flaherty
Dizzy Praise
Thanks for Michael Sragow's nicely comprehensive treatment of Hitchcock's masterpiece Vertigo ("Vertigo," Oct. 9). Viewing the restored Picnic, in which Kim Novak earlier starred, I noticed an interesting cinematic conceit. Picnic ends with Novak following William Holden west from Salina, Kansas, Picnic's small-town setting. In Vertigo, Novak-as-Judy tells Jimmy Stewart of coming to S.F. from Salina after being left behind.


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John Hardin senior Matt Elam is one of the country's most sought after defensive linemen and Friday night he demonstrated why. The 6-foot-6, 360-pound tackle disrupted everything Louisville Pleasure Ridge Park tried to do. Elam spent the night in the backfield, creating havoc for both the running and passing game. He had four tackles for a loss, including two sacks, but the attention he received created openings for others. He finished with 13 tackles, including 10 solo stops. This was the Elam everyone expects to see every Friday night.
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