text:
Interlachen Financial Group has been active in the Mortgage Industry since 1985. Located in Winter Park, Florida, we originally were a Commercial Mortgage Company, and have expanded our operations to include a Commercial Mortgage Servicing Company, and a Commercial Real Estate Brokerage. Our Commercial Mortgage Company represents in excess of 10 Life Insurance Companies and a number of Commercial Banks and Conduit Lenders. We finance income producing properties of $1,000,000 or greater.
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Home > Banking > Supervision and Regulation |
Circular |
Nomination of Class A Director
February 6, 2012
Circular No. 12318 | |||
An election of a Class A director will be held under the provisions of section 4 of the Federal Reserve Act, as amended, to choose a successor to serve for a three-year term, to the following director of this Bank whose term expired December 31, 2011: CHARLES V. WAIT, President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, The Adirondack Trust Company, Saratoga Springs, NY. |

subset: commoncrawl


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Do you have any idea how difficult it is to put me–ME–at a loss for words?
After the jump, their follow-up smash…
Dontcha wish your savior was right like mine?
Jan 07 2012
Do you have any idea how difficult it is to put me–ME–at a loss for words?
After the jump, their follow-up smash…
Dontcha wish your savior was right like mine?
If you don't think that indoctrinating children into religions isn't child abuse, watch these videos and you'll change your mind.
I dunno … after going to the website in the video, http://www.mankabros.com/, I think this it isn't totally legit, although I'm not sure what exactly is going on.
Damn. That is so sad and, might I point out – not very Christian – if you really are a believer.
Those poor children. This kind of abuse of power should be against the law.
That video was first posted on youtube in 2007 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jQKigCl30Sk&feature=related and the clothing/hair-styles make me think it was made even before that. The linked website gives their names as "Corey and Jennifer" http://mankabros.com/blogs/god/2011/11/15/we-be-trippin-for-j-c/
but doesn't give any updated photos. I can't tell if this site is a Poe or if it's serious. The more I read, the more it seems to be a parody.
In any case, the two kids in the video would be teenagers now, and I would be interested in hearing their reaction of its resurfacing.
Wait, you mean you actually can make this up? This is one of those times when I would be overjoyed to be wrong.
Just realized… this means, officially, I am old enough I cannot tell the difference between current music and the music of 5 years ago.
You may all taunt me now.
Uh, as my granny would say, I bleeve ya'll done been hoo-doo'ed on this one. Check it out:
Oddly enough, your proof casts doubt, mephistopholes! Of course it may be the real deal, but given that the upload date is 3 years prior to the times story, that raises serious hackles…
Now that you're officially an old fogey you might want to determine your "getofmylawn" year using this handy study:
What a brilliant site! Unfortunately, I am older than the oldest example they give, which means (for those of you who are not Coelecanth, visit the site for context) Perry Como is too recent to apply!
Hey! You kids! Get offa my lawn!
Fuck me, it's the Mills Brothers, "Paper Doll", as my "get offa my lawn" song. I can actually sing along with that one. Coelecanth, you are either banned for life or given a free "get out of hell" card for life. Whichever you prefer.
Sorry, I'm quite sure you've been had. Perry and Stengel have had this thing going since 1999, and apparantly having a great time doing it. The deeper you go into the website, the funnier it becomes. And since the CEO's 13-yr-old daughter who is also on the
Board of Directors looks suspiciously like the girl on Youtube, I think a couple of kids were having a hoot helping their dad out with his very creative hobby (esp. considering their level of talent). Need more proof? Check out the "Jobs" available under the corporate section. . . hilarious!
Ah, Mephistopheles, you have made me very happy to be wrong! I will be checking it out in detail, but I could not be happier to find out that I have been made a fool of! (and yes, the ending preposition is intentional.)
Glad to be of service.
Also some pretty good stuff on YouTube if you put "Manka Bros" in search line, too. They have spared no virtual expense in making themselves the "largest media empire on earth."
The Times article explains they are/were actual media execs with Time/Warner which significantly ups the believability quotient of the website.
Besides, everybody KNOWS Howard Stern is the "King of All Media."


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posted 12/14/2004 by
Tyler Sager
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by Tyler Sager
One Page
I of the Dragon
has many of the elements that just strike a certain chord with me—a rather unusual premise that, well, allows me to fly around and blow stuff up as a dragon. Even when the game got a little on the repetitive side, I still was able to take a step back and tell myself, "Hey, I'm a dragon. Cool." And then I was back to enjoying things quite a bit. That being said, I'm sure that gamers without my optimistic bias for this sort of title will have a much more difficult time overlooking the game's faults, since there are quite a few.
Players take control of the last of the known dragons, left behind to protect humans from a scourge of monsters. Things have been going quite badly, and the humans are left holding out in a single tiny town. It's up to the dragon to push back the tide of monsters and defeat an evil demon-king. Or something. The story is really rather weak, and the cutscenes that bring them all together are generally poor. Once the initial story is kicked off, it's time to kill monsters. Lots and lots of monsters.
The world map is divided into several regions, all of which begin the game crawling with baddies. Most of the missions are variations on the same theme—clear the area of all monsters. Each region is riddled with "lairs", which are simply monster generating buildings. Every so often, new lairs will appear on the map unless a human town is constructed in the region. Thankfully, the dragon is quite capable of magically building these human towns, which is accomplished by a simple keystroke. Once a town is built, it's up to the dragon to defend it while clearing out the region of all monsters and layers. Towns have some ability to defend themselves, especially when built up to larger sizes. Once an area is monster-free, it's off to the next region to repeat the process.
There are three different dragons to choose from, following typical action-RPG format. One is a fighter-type red dragon, with some impressive natural fire attacks and lower magical dependence. There's a quick-but-weak blue dragon, much more reliant on its arsenal of spells than its ice-based attacks. Finally, there's a necromantic, acid-hurling black dragon, capable of summoning a wide range of units to lend a hand. Each plays a bit differently, allowing for some replayablilty for those who find the game enjoyable enough.
Controlling the dragon is a bit cumbersome. There are a few different control schemes available. I wasn't able to find a control scheme that I really liked, however, and I often found myself moving back and forth between keyboard-only and mouse-and-keyboard. Defensive flight was the trickiest, especially when trying to avoid homing missiles. Setting up strafing runs was also particularly difficult, since the dragon tends to stop in mid-flight to launch a breath or spell attack. Targeting the enemies (most of which are land-bound) is also a bit tricky, but after a while I got the hang of things well enough. While these controls are a bit clunky, after a few hours I figured out the limitations and learned to work around them. Then the non-dragon missions began, which were almost painful. Where the dragon control was clunky, human and critter control was atrocious during the handful of missions when the dragon isn't available.
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Consumers Demanding New Generation Of Devices
Digital music sales are surpassing those of CDs, but it hasn't translated into more revenue for the record labels. And while the slow death of the CD continues, the demise of record stores like Tower Records occurred rather quickly. If there's less physical media gear to sell, that could spell trouble for retailers like Best Buy .
"Another challenge is how you demo the product at retail outlets," Rubin points out. "In general, connected products have had a hard time being demoed at retail. It's going to be challenging for retailers that sell packaged media."
Rubin says retailers will have to find ways to adapt to digital distribution. Barnes & Noble, for example, plans to allow users of its Nook e-book reader to read entire e-books for free while they're in a Barnes & Noble store. Whether that will be enough to drive traffic into stores remains to be seen, Rubin says.
Analysts note that consumers are driving the trend toward on-demand access. As the consumer electronics industry responds to this demand, Rubin cautions that everyone from device makers to content providers to retailers are only beginning to deal with the full implications of this shift.
"Is the content compelling enough to get consumers to buy connected features?" Rubin says.
"With Blu-ray, companies worked hard to convince the consumer that that step up from your DVD was worth it. And there are business model implications. Electronics companies may want to sign exclusives with content providers. It's a transition."


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Anyone know if Bethesda did a separate build for the PS3 or did they just do a port?
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Anyone know if Bethesda did a separate build for the PS3 or did they just do a port?
Sorry to do this to you man...
I would have paid a hundred bucks for this and left the store with a grin from ear to ear. It's been a looong time since a game has sucked me in like this.
I think i'm about done with the character i've been playing. I'm gonna go the evil bastard route and see how that goes. Megaton's days are numbered...
I'm almost level 17 on my first guy and i've explored about a third of the map. I figure my second guy will go through the unexplored parts and i'll have a whole new game to play.
The thing i'm most looking forward to is the potential for downloadable add-ons later on. I have a feeling that the level cap won't be 20 forever...
And Maddogg, there is a perk for super bloody deaths. My friend got it and said it was funny in the beginning but turned annoyingly rediculous pretty fast. Head shots making limbs fly off and all....
But yeah, you shouldn't get this. It's not fun at all.
I don't know if you have a map, but if you do the zone Rivet City is in is zone 9 with zone 6 above that, if you go north from Rivet City in almost a direct line, just a tad west, the Depot is at the bottom of zone 6, just north of zone 9.
Of course due to the rubble in the way you have to skirt around it, but eventually I got there.
The fat man is awesome.
This game is honestly the best all year.
Bloody mess is fun and does get old quickly, but I only took it for the 5% bonus damage.
Three weeks in and i'm still playing this game as much as possible. I got my "good" character up to level 20 (read: God Mode) and spend some time hunting down bobbleheads and skill books. Still alot of stuff to do with him. And Fawkes is a bad-ass mother.
I'm about level 12 with my neutral character. He's been fun; i'm doing mostly good quest things, but when i see my karma is up to good, i just find someone with a lot of cool stuff and kill them and steal it all. Easy way back to neutral.
After i finish my neutral guy, it's time to be an evil bastard.
Bethesda made a DLC announcement: GamePlasma - Gaming to the Next Level
There'll be three different DLCs. One will be a simulation of the Battle of Anchorage, one is a town near Pittsburg full of Raiders cleverly called "The Pitt", and the last will apparently let you join the Brotherhood of Steel and hunt down the remaining Enclave. Should be very cool.
Although i'd like to have some kind of editor for the xbox. Computer players shouldn't have all the fun.


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On Tuesday, Oct. 12 members of the William Blount High School Senior Athletic Leadership Team (S.A.L.T.) paid a visit to Carpenters Middle School to speak with the Junior BETA Club about high school life and leadership. S.A.L.T. members, some of whom were former CMS students themselves, related personal stores of success and answered questions about what it takes to be successful at the high school level. S.A.L.T. is sponsored by Mike Brewer. The club participates in service projects and provides leadership to fellow William Blount High School students.
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"Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect." — Matthew 5: 48
"Beloved, I do not consider that I have made it my own; but this one thing I do: forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead, I press on toward the goal . . ."—Philippians 3: 13-14
I am a perfectionist.
Blame my parents, blame my genetics, blame my raising, blame society's expectations, or blame my own inner demons, but for whatever reason, I have this inner compulsion to do things just right. It seems to be my gift and my curse to always think of ways that things could be better.
Recently I had an opportunity to offer the morning devotion at the Aldersgate Gathering of representatives from Duke Divinity School, The Duke Endowment, and the North Carolina and Western North Carolina Conferences of the United Methodist Church. The day focused on how the four stakeholders, or partners, could work together to improve the health of clergy. I found inspiration for this topic in the story from Mark 2: 1-12, where four people carry a paralyzed man to Jesus for healing. Here's what was shared:
At the Western North Carolina Annual Conference Service of Ordination last week, United Methodist Bishop William Hutchinson preached a powerful ordination sermon. During a portion of the sermon, Bishop Hutchinson shared one of the multitude of great Fred Craddock stories, this one taken from the book "Awakened to a Calling". Here's what he said:
"Let us hold fast to the confession of our hope without wavering, for he who has promised is faithful. And let us consider how to provoke one another to love and good deeds, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day approaching." — Hebrews 10: 23-25
As a United Methodist, I can tell you that there are no more "Methodist" verses in the Bible than Hebrews 10: 23-25. Hebrews 10: 23-25 also describe a way of being together that is my hope for all churches – rural and otherwise.
Sorry for the length between posts. I was away attending the NC and Western NC Conferences of the United Methodist Church.
One of the things I was able to do at the NC Annual Conference was to share a little bit about our partner Thriving Rural Churches, and also about the picture above. Here's what I said:
For five years I had the privilege of being a rural pastor. For five years I had the gift of serving Christ in places where I knew most all the names and most of the stories of the people God had entrusted in my care.
I've been in places where decisions aren't made through the cold anonymity of email or by the faceless detachment of a phone call, but in the warm honesty of face to face encounter, out of the deep soil of shared experience.
i am a little church (no great cathedral)
far from the splendor and squalor
of hurrying cities - i do not worry if briefer days grow briefest,
i am not sorry when sun and rain make aprilmy life is the life of the reaper and the sower;
my prayers are the prayers of earth's own clumsily striving
(finding and losing and laughing and crying) children
whose any sadness or joy is my grief or my gladness
Solid Rock United Methodist Church is one of our remarkable partner Thriving Rural Churches. At Solid Rock, inside a little blue steel building along Highway 24 in Cameron, North Carolina, is "church like you've never seen it": a congregation whose average age is in the 20's, where hundreds of hungry people are fed each week through "Martha's Place," and where "those people" become "us" as they are welcomed and accepted and discover that Christ came for them, too.
This is a video clip on Crossfire UMC in Moravian Falls, NC. This is one of my favorite videos on rural church ministry.
"Here I am, Lord.
Is it I, Lord?
I have heard you calling in the night.
I will go, Lord, if you lead me.
I will hold your people in my heart."
— from Hymn #593 "Here I Am, Lord"
"Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake,
for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."— Matthew 5: 10


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Ford F-Series
Ford F-Series | |
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Ford Motor Company |
Production | 1948–present |
Body and chassis | |
Class | Full-size pickup truck |
Layout | Front engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive |
Chronology | |
Successor | Ford Super Duty (F-250, F-350, F-450, F-550, F-650, F-750) |
The F-Series is a series of full-size pickup trucks from Ford Motor Company which has been sold continuously for over six decades. The most popular variant of the F-Series is the F-150. It has been the best-selling vehicle in the United States for the past 32 years,[1] and the best-selling pick-up for 43 years,[2] and the best selling vehicle in Canada,[3] though this does not include combined sales of GM pick-up trucks.[4] In the tenth generation of the F-series, the F-250 and F-350 changed body style in 1998 and joined the Super Duty series.
During the post-World War II era, smaller Canadian villages had access to either a Ford dealer or a Lincoln-Mercury-Meteor dealer, but not both; a Mercury-badged version was sold at Lincoln-Mercury-Meteor dealers there from 1946–68. Other than the grilles, trim, and badging, these pick-ups were identical to their Ford counterparts.
As of 2014, the Ford F-150 is sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, most Caribbean countries(except Trinidad & Tobago, St. Kitts & Nevis, and Cuba), Suriname, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, the Middle East, Iceland, Dutch territories of Aruba, Curaçao, and St. Marteen, and British territory Cayman Islands. While the SVT Raptor is sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Middle East, Ecuador, Chile and Peru. And both are available in LHD only. Also called the rebadge version of the Ford F-150 is Ford Lobo in Mexico.
- 1 First Generation (1948–52)
- 2 Second Generation (1953–56)
- 3 Third Generation (1957–60)
- 4 Fourth Generation (1961–66)
- 5 Fifth Generation (1967–72)
- 6 Sixth Generation (1973–79)
- 7 Seventh generation (1980–86)
- 8 Eighth generation (1987–91[5] )
- 9 Ninth generation (1992–96)
- 10 Tenth generation (1997–2003)
- 11 Eleventh generation (2004–08)
- 12 Twelfth generation (2009–14)
- 13 Thirteenth generation (2015-present)
- 14 Special models
- 15 Motorsports
- 16 Awards and recognition
- 17 Sales
- 18 Other notes
- 19 See also
- 20 References
- 21 External links
First Generation (1948–52)[edit]
The first-generation F-Series pick-up (known as the Ford Bonus-Built) was introduced in 1948 as a replacement for the previous car-based pick-up line introduced in 1942 . The F-Series was sold in eight different weight ratings, with pick-up, panel truck, cab-over engine (COE), conventional truck, and school bus chassis body styles.
Second Generation (1953–56)[edit]
The second-generation F-series was introduced in 1953. The F-1 became the F-100 because of the popular culture influence of the North American F-100 Super Sabre, the first supersonic fighter – first flight 1953. Increased dimensions, improved engines, and an improved chassis were features of the second generation. Additionally the pick-ups were given their now familiar names: The F-1 became the F-100, the F-2 and F-3 became the F-250, and the F-4 became the 1-ton F-350.
Third Generation (1957–60)[edit]
Introduced in 1957, the third-generation F-series was a significant modernisation and re-design. Front wings became integrated into the body, and the StyleSide bed continued the smooth lines to the rear of the pick-up.
The cabover F-Series was discontinued, having been replaced by the tilt-cab C-Series.
In 1959, Ford began in-house production of four-wheel drive pick-ups.
Fourth Generation (1961–66)[edit]
Ford introduced a dramatically new style of pick-up in 1961 with the fourth-generation F-series. Longer and lower than the previous pick-ups, these trucks had increased dimensions and new engine and gearbox choices. Additionally the 1961-1963 models were constructed as a uni-body design with the cab and bed integrated. This proved unpopular and the F-series reverted to a traditional separate cab/bed design in 1964.
In 1965 the F-series was given a significant mid-cycle redesign. A completely new platform, including the Twin-I-Beam front suspension, was introduced that would be used until 1979. Additionally that year, the Ranger name made its first appearance on a Ford pick-up; previously a base model of the Edsel, it was now used to denote a high-level styling package for F-Series pick-ups.
Fifth Generation (1967–72)[edit]
Introduced in 1967, the fifth-generation F-series pick-up was built on the same platform as the 1965 revision of the fourth-generation. Dimensions and greenhouse glass were increased, engine options expanded, and plusher trim levels became available during the fifth-generation pick-ups production run.
Suspension components from all 1969 F-Series models are completely inter-changeable.
A variant of the fifth-generation F-series was produced until 1992 in Brazil for the South American market.
Sixth Generation (1973–79)[edit]
The sixth-generation F-series was introduced in 1973. This version of the F-series continued to be built on the 1965 fourth-generation's revised platform, but with significant modernisations and refinements. Front disc brakes, increased cabin dimensions, gas tank relocated outside the cab and under the bed, significantly improved heating and air conditioning, full double wall bed construction, increased use of galvanised steel, SuperCab was introduced in the sixth-generation pick-up.
The FE engine series was discontinued in 1976 after a nearly 20 year run, replaced by the more modern 335 series (Modified) and 385 series engines.
In 1975, the F-150 was introduced in between the F-100 and the F-250 in order to avoid certain emission control restrictions. For 1978, the Ford Bronco was redesigned into a variant of the F-series pick-up. 1979 was the last year that the 460 was available in a Half ton truck.
Seventh generation (1980–86)[edit]
The 1980 F-Series was redesigned with an all-new chassis and larger body; this was the first ground-up redesign since 1965. The exterior styling of the trucks was redone to improve aerodynamics and fuel economy. Medium-duty F-Series (F-600 and above) were also redesigned; although they shared the cabin of the smaller pick-up trucks, the largest version of F-Series now wore a bonnet with separate front wings (like the L-Series).
In a move towards fuel efficiency, the F-Series gained smaller Windsor V8 engines from the Panther platform. For 1982 the 3.8-Litre Essex V6 was the base engine but was quickly dropped for the 1983 model year. In 1983, Ford added diesel power to the F-Series through a partnership with International Harvester (later Navistar). The 6.9-Litre V8 produced similar power output as the gasoline Ford 351 V8, with the fuel economy of the 300 I-6. 1986 was also the first year for a fuel injected 302.
A noticeable change was made to the F-Series in 1982 as the Ford "Blue Oval" was added to the centre of the grille. It would mark the final year of the Ranger trim; the name had been shifted onto the all-new compact pick-up developed as a replacement for the Courier. It also marked the final year for the F-100, which had largely been superseded by the F-150.
1986 marked the final year that the F150 was available with a 3-speed manual gearbox that shifted via a steering-column lever (3-on-the-tree). Incidentally, this was the second-last vehicle in the United States that offered this set up.
This is the first generation of trucks to incorporate amenities such as power windows and power door locks.
Eighth generation (1987–91[5] )[edit]
Ford's 1987 F-Series sported new exterior sheet metal with a more rounded front end that improved aerodynamics. In 1990, the C6 3-speed automatic transmission was replaced with a 4-speed electronically controlled automatic overdrive transmission (available at the very end of the 1989 production year, but announced for 1990). Ford offered a 75th anniversary package on its 1992 F-series, consisting of a stripe package, an argent colored step bumper and special 75th anniversary logos. Ford's base truck was christened with a new name in 1993, losing its Custom tag and becoming the XL. The name Lariat XLT was shortened to simply XLT. The first SVT Lightning truck entered the scene in 1993. It featured a 5.8L engine with performance cylinder heads, cam, pistons, intake, headers, dual exhaust, oil cooler and modified engine computer programming. The truck was available with a reprogrammed 4-speed automatic transmission with an auxiliary cooler. The rear axle was a limited slip unit with 4.10:1 gearing. Ford added a high-mount brake light to the rear of 1994 truck cab roofs. More safety-related moves included a security package with remote keyless entry and an instrusion alarm. .
Ninth generation (1992–96)[edit]
The 1992 F-Series underwent a major cosmetic update for the 1992 model year; again, many of the exterior updates focused on increasing its aerodynamics. The update also brought the F-Series in-line with the Ranger and Explorer stylistically. SuperCab models of this generation are distinguished by single (instead of twin) side windows for the rear seat. In 1994, an update added an airbag to the F-Series for the first time. The same year, the medium-duty trucks received their first exterior update since 1980; this integrated the indicators and grille.
Ford gave the F-Series top trim level an upwards bump by adding the more plush Eddie Bauer Edition. SuperCab models were fitted with a new bench seat—the previous jump seats disappeared. The F-Series changed very little in 1996, for this last year before a major redesign. Ford began to phase-in seats with integrated headrests, and eliminated the anti-theft aspect of the keyless entry system
Dormant since 1987, the FlareSide bed returned for 1992. Instead of the traditional pick-up bed seen before, the new FlareSide borrowed much of its rear bodywork from the dual rear-wheel F-350. For 1993, Ford introduced the SVT Lightning; powered by a modified 5.8-Litre V8 and including modifications to the suspension, the Lightning was sold through 1995. This was the last year of the "Bar-And-Square" door handles, as the F-150 would receive a style update in 1997.
The F250, however, would remain unchanged until 1998.
Tenth generation (1997–2003)[edit]
Introduced in late of 1996, the 1997 F-150 was redesigned from the ground up for the first time since 1980. Rounded styling allowed for improved aerodynamics, a larger interior, and improved fuel economy. Sharing a V6 engine with the Taurus/Windstar and a V8 engine with the Crown Victoria, the F-150 received an all-new engine lineup. To improve rear-seat access, a third door was added to SuperCab models; in 1999, SuperCabs became four doors. For 2001, the SuperCrew crew cab was added; it combined the larger seat of a crew cab with a slightly shortened rear cargo bed.
This generation of the F-Series marked the split of the F-150 from heavier-duty pick-ups. For 1997, all F-150s and lighter-payload F-250s used the new chassis, while heavy-payload F-250s and larger trucks remained on the existing platform. For 1998, only the F-150 and F-250LD were produced. In 1999, the F-250LD was dropped, and a new line was introduced, the Ford Super Duty. Super Duty models ranged from the F-250 through the F-750; the F-250 through F-550 (the latter being a chassis-cab model) were Ford manufactured and intended to replace the F-250 through F-Super Duty, while the F-650/F-750 was a joint venture with International, a replacement for the previous medium-duty trucks.
For 2002, this version of the F-150 was sold by Lincoln-Mercury dealers as the Lincoln Blackwood. The first Lincoln pickup, the Blackwood was an F-150 SuperCrew with Lincoln Navigator front bodywork and interior. Unlike most pickup trucks, the pickup bed was redesigned into a trunk with a powered tonneau (decklid) and a fully lined and finished bed.
Also for 2001 the supercrew could have the King Ranch trim level it gives the truck 2 tone paint black, white, brown, and green with a beige lower paint. The king ranch had real Texas cowhide leather made by king ranch and bucket seats with a console in the back as an option.
Eleventh generation (2004–08)[edit]
For the 2004 model year, the F-150 was redesigned on an all-new platform. Externally similar to its predecessor, the eleventh-generation wore sharper-edged styling; a major change was the adoption of the stepped driver's window from the Super Duty trucks. Regardless of cabin type, all F-150s were given four doors.
In 2008, the Super Duty trucks were also given an an all-new platform. While using the same bed and cabin as before, these are distinguished from their predecessors by an all-new interior and a much larger grille and head lamps. Previously available only as a chassis-cab model, the F-450 now was available as a pick-up directly from Ford.[6]
From 2005 to 2008, Lincoln-Mercury dealers sold this version of the F-150 as the Lincoln Mark LT. Replacing the Blackwood, the Mark LT had a useful bed in place of its predecessor's trunk, but it was not a success in the United States. This model was discontinued in 2008.
Twelfth generation (2009–14)[edit]
The current-generation F-150 was introduced for the 2008 model year as a major update of the Ford full-size truck platform. These trucks are distinguished by their Super Duty-style grilles and head lamps; standard cab models again have two-doors instead of four. The FlareSide bed was dropped along with the manual gearbox; outside of Mexico, the Lincoln Mark LT was replaced by the F-150 Platinum. A new model for 2010 included the SVT Raptor, a dedicated off-road pick-up.
As part of a major focus on fuel economy, the entire engine lineup for the F-150 (excluding the SVT Raptor) was updated for the 2011 model year. Along with two new V8 engines, the F-150 gained a new 3.7-Litre base V6 engine, and a powerful twin-turbocharged 3.5-Litre V6, dubbed EcoBoost by Ford. The automatic gearbox is the only option. Other modifications include the addition of a Nexteer Automotive Electric Power Steering (EPS) system on most models.
Current engine options (North America- as of 10/20/2013) [1]:
Cylinders | Size | Horsepower | Torque |
V6 | 3.7L | 302 | 38.4 kgf‧m @ 4000 rpm |
V8 | 5.0L | 360 | 52.5 kgf‧m @ 4250 rpm |
V8 | 6.2L | 411 | 60 kgf‧m @ 4500 rpm |
V6 "Ecoboost" | 3.5L | 365 | 58 kgf‧m @ 2500 rpm |
Thirteenth generation (2015-present)[edit]
Unveiled at the 2014 North American International Auto Show on January 13, 2014, the all-new F-150 derives much of its exterior styling from the 2013 Ford Atlas concept vehicle.
In an effort to increase fuel economy, the 2015 model reduces its curb weight by up to 700 pounds through the extensive use of aluminum in the body structure and high strength steel in the frame.[7] The only major component of sheet metal not made from aluminum is the Quiet Steel sound-absorbing firewall.[8]
Retaining the use of body-on-frame construction, the frame is constructed with 77% high-strength steel (up from 23%).[9]
To showcase the durability of the aluminum-intensive design, Ford entered disguised prototypes of the model in the Baja 1000, which it completed.
Some of the powertrain lineup is carried over from the 2014 F150, but a new, 3.5L V6 replaces the 3.7L V6 as the base engine, joined by the 3.5L EcoBoost V6 and a 5.0L V8. Also new for the 2015 model is a 2.7L EcoBoost V6, slotted above the naturally-aspirated 3.5L V6; Ford has not released output ratings for this engine.
Special models[edit]
SVT Lightning[edit]
First generation[edit]
The SVT Lightning is a sports/performance version of the F-150, released by Ford's Special Vehicle Team (SVT) division. Introduced for the 1993 model year, the SVT Lightning competed against the Chevrolet Sport, primarily as an effort to enhance the sporty, personal-use image of the Ford F-Series pick-up. Powered by a 240 hp 5.8-Litre V8, the Lightning shared its basic structure with the F-150, but many modifications were made to the suspension and the frame to improve the handling. Production was 11,563 SVT Lightnings between 1993 to 1995.
Second generation[edit]
In 1999, after a three-year hiatus, Ford SVT unveiled a new Ford Lightning. Much like its predecessor, it was based on the F-150 with substantial suspension modifications. Although the Lightning shared its 5.4-Litre V8 with the standard F-150, it now used a supercharger, producing 360 hp (380 after 2001). To handle the extra power, the 4-speed automatic gearbox was borrowed from Ford's V10/diesel Super Duty pick-ups. SVT Lightnings produced between 1999 and 2004 numbered 28,124, when it was discontinued.
Harley Davidson Edition[edit]
In 2000, Ford released the first Harley Davidson Edition F-150; it was available in a SuperCab with a standard-length bed. For 2001, the Harley-Davidson Edition was moved to the Supercrew F-150. In 2002, Ford opted to further specialise the Harley Davidson Edition by adding the supercharged engine from the SVT Lightning, with a slightly larger pulley to reduce boost by 2 lbs. To coincide with Harley-Davidson's centenary, the 2003 edition added the requisite 100th Anniversary badging; these were available on Supercrew F-150s with the supercharged 5.4-Litre V-8.
For the 2004–09 F-150, the Harley-Davidson Edition became mainly an appearance package; its availability was expanded to the F-250 and F-350 Super Duty series.
On February 10, 2008 at the St.Louis Auto Show, the latest version of the Harley-Davidson F-150 was introduced. Adopting many luxury features of the Platinum Edition, this Harley went one step further by providing leather seating surfaces derived from authentic Harley biker-jacket materials, as well as the requisite exhaust tones and power to reach a top speed of 115 miles per hour (185 km/h).[10] In 2013 Ford discontinued the Harley Davidson Edition and replaced it with the Limited edition.
SVT Raptor[edit]
For the 2010 model year, Ford introduced the SVT Raptor model of the F-150. Intended for dedicated off-road use, the Raptor has a number of modifications to improve its off-road ability. It includes a full set of FOX shocks with 11.2" of front suspension travel and 12.1" of rear travel. It wears a wider body and wings than the standard F-Series truck. In a departure from the F-150, the Raptor wears no blue-oval Ford emblem on its grille (for the first time since 1982); instead, the grille has "FORD" spelled out in the centre. In 2011, a full four-door SuperCrew lift kit model was added to the standard 4+4 door SuperCab model. The Raptor is powered by a 411 hp 6.2-Litre V8 (shared with the Ford Super Duty; a 5.4 liter V8 was available for the 2010 model year); it is paired with a 6-speed automatic gearbox.
F-150 Platinum[edit]
Ford ceased sales of the Lincoln Mark LT in the United States and Canada after the 2008 model year.[11] In its place beginning in the 2010 model year, Ford created an upper-end trim of the 2009 F-150 called F-150 Platinum. Due to its continuing popularity there, the Platinum is rebadged as the Lincoln Mark LT in Mexico.
In 2008, Ford announced its entrance into the Baja 1000 class-eight race for moderately modified, full-size pick-ups. The driver of record was Steve Oligos, supported by co-drivers Randy Merritt, Greg Foutz, and Bud Brutsman.[12] The vehicle was built with collaboration between the Ford Special Vehicle Team (SVT), Ford Racing, and Foutz Motorsports, Inc. The Ford F-150 SVT Raptor R completed the 2008 41st Tecate SCORE Baja 1000 race in 25.28:10,[13] and ranked third in its class.[14]
In the Best In The Desert race series, an F150 SVT Raptor R completed the "Terrible's 250" race, placing second overall in the Class 8000.[15]
In January 2010, a single Raptor SVT (#439), driven by Chilean driver Javier Campillay, competed in the Argentina-Chile Dakar Rally. However, the pick-up was unable to finish due to a catch-up crash with another car in the middle of the road during stage seven. In January 2011, two Raptors started in the Argentina-Chile Dakar Rally in Buenos Aires, with Campillay driving the more reliable Raptor (#375), and American female driver Sue Mead driving a T2 Raptor (#374). Mead crossed the finish line in Buenos Aires and won the "Super Production" class, the first North American class win in Dakar history. Campillay was unable to finish the 12th stage after losing time due to mechanical failure during the 11th stage, which led to his disqualification for failing to reach the race camp by the designated deadline.
Awards and recognition[edit]
The Ford F-150 has won numerous awards; in 2009 alone, it received:[16]
- Motor Trend 2009 Pick-Up of the Year Award
- 2009 Best Redesigned Vehicle from Kelley Blue Book's kbb.com
- Top honors as "Truck of Texas" as well as "Best Luxury Pickup" for the 2009 F-150 King Ranch from Texas Auto Writers Association
- "Best Overall Half-Ton Pick-up" from PickupTrucks.com
- "Automotive Excellence" award in the Workhorse Category from Popular Mechanics
- "Top Safety Pick" from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety for its standard safety technology: Safety Canopy side curtain air bags and AdvanceTrac with Roll Stability Control
- "Residual Value" award from Automotive Leasing Guide (ALG) for retaining the highest percentage of its original price among 2009 full-size light-duty pickups at the end of a conventional three-year lease, based on ALG projections
- Motor Trend's Truck Trend Top 5 Pick-ups from Specialty Equipment Market Association (SEMA) for 2009 Ford F-150 Heavy Duty DeWalt Contractor Concept
- "Accessory-Friendly Pick-up" Design Award from SEMA
Calendar Year | United States | Canada | Total |
1997 | 746,111[17] | ||
1998 | 836,629 | ||
1999[18] | 869,001 | ||
2000 | 876,716 | ||
2001[19] | 911,597 | ||
2002[20] | 813,701 | ||
2003 | 845,586 | 68,375 | |
2004[21] | 939,511 | ||
2005 | 901,463 | ||
2006[22] | 796,039 | ||
2007 | 690,589 | ||
2008[23] | 515,513 | 67,749 | |
2009[24] | 413,625 | 81,396 | |
2010[25] | 528,349 | 97,913 [26] | 626,262 |
2011 | 584,917 | 96,343 | |
2012 | 645,316 | 106,358 [27] | |
2013 | 763,402[28] | 120,219 |
Other notes[edit]
Ford also manufactures F-Series medium and heavy-duty pick-ups alongside the F-150, F-250, and F-350s (F-450, F-550, F-650, F-750 Super Duty trucks). Prior to 1998 in the United States, there were a number of variants sold alongside the F-Series.
- B-Series (1948-1998) - school bus chassis based on medium-duty F-Series
- Econoline/E-Series (1975-2014) - mechanically related to F-Series
- P-Series - parcel delivery van chassis
- An F-8000 was also produced based on the Ford Cargo cab-over range, which was similar to the 2006 and newer Ford LCF ("Low Cab Forward").
While previously a unique platform, after their 1975 redesign, the Econoline/E-Series vans have maintained strong similarity with the F-Series pickup trucks, although it is now only mechanically true, as the latter has now undergone a number of redesigns since the last update of the vans in 1992.
Medium-duty variants of the F-Series have their own chassis, sharing only the cab with lower-GVWR models. The current generation of F-650/F-750 Super Duty models combine the Ford Super Duty cab with a chassis shared with the International DuraStar line of trucks.
Right-hand drive versions of the F-Series (for the United Kingdom and Australia) are manufactured in Brazil.
In Argentina and Brazil, the petrol engines are often converted to also run with alternative fuels, E-96h (Brazilian-spec ethanol) and Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG). Biodiesel also is used in diesel engines.
See also[edit]
- Ford Super Duty
- Ford F-650
- Sterling Trucks Bullet pickup
- ^ "Auto sales reach six-year high of 15.6 million vehicles sold, Ford F-Series takes the lead". NY Daily News. 2014-01-06.
- ^ Ford Motor Company (2007-05-25). "Ford's Best Selling Pickups Add More Features For 2008". Truck Trend (Auto News).
- ^ Cato, Jeremy (2010-03-25). "Top 10 best-selling vehicles - The Globe and Mail". The Globe and Mail (Toronto).
- ^ Magda, Mike (2006-02-05). "Interview with GMC Sierra Brand Manager Lorraine Babiar". Pickuptruck.com.
- ^ Dale, Wickell. About.com http://trucks.about.com/od/fseriespasttopresent/tp/ford-trucks.htm
missing title (help). - ^ Cluczyk, Barry (December 2012), "Ford F-150 - Boosting The EcoBoost", Truckin Magazine
- ^ Korzeniewski, Jeremy (13 January 2014). "2015 Ford F-150 brings big aluminum to the Rust Belt [w/video]". Retrieved 14 January 2014.
- ^ http://www.motortrend.com/roadtests/trucks/1401_2015_ford_f_150_first_look/
- ^ http://www.motortrend.com/roadtests/trucks/1401_2015_ford_f_150_first_look/
- ^ "New 2010 Ford Harley-Davidson F-150: tough truck with cool attitude; new details, inside and out". Media.ford.com. February 10, 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
- ^ "RIP: Lincoln Mark LT". September 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-04.
- ^ "Ford SVT F-150 Raptor R to enter Baja 1000". Fordnewsblog.wordpress.com. 2008-11-26. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ Phillips, Drew (2008-11-25). "Ford F-150 SVT Raptor R completes inaugural run of Baja 1000". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ 2008 Baja 1000 class results[dead link]
- ^ "2010 FORD F150 SVT RAPTOR R CAPTURES PODIUM FINISH; PRICING ANNOUNCED". Ford-trucks.com. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ "2009 FORD F-150 AWARDS". Media.ford.com. 2008-12-16. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
- ^ http://media.ford.com/article_print.cfm?article_id=872
- ^ "Ford Motor Company Sets New Full Year U.S. Sales Record". Theautochannel.com. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
- ^ "Ford Motor Company's December U.S. Sales Climb 8.2 Percent". Ford Motor Company.
- ^ "Ford's F-Series Truck Caps 22nd Year in a Row as America's Best-Selling Vehicle With a December Sales Record". Theautochannel.com. 2004-11-17. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
- ^ "Ford Achieves First Car Sales Increase Since 1999". Theautochannel.com. 2004-11-17. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
- ^ "Ford Motor Company 2007 sales". January 3, 2008.
- ^ "F-Series drives ford to higher market share for third consecutive month". Ford Motor Company. January 5, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
- ^ "FORD CAPS 2009 WITH 33 PERCENT SALES INCREASE, FIRST FULL-YEAR MARKET SHARE GAIN SINCE 1995". Ford Motor Company. January 5, 2010. Retrieved 2010-01-05.
- ^ "Ford's 2010 Sales Up 19 Percent - Largest Increase of Any Full-Line... - DEARBORN, Mich., Jan. 4, 2011 /PRNewswire/". Michigan: Prnewswire.com. Retrieved 2011-10-23.
- ^ "STRONG CAR SALES DRIVE FORD TO #1 IN CANADA | Ford Motor Company Newsroom". Media.ford.com. 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2011-10-23.
- ^ "Ford is top-selling automaker in Canada for three consecutive years" (Press release). Ford. 2013-01-03. Retrieved 2013-01-04.
- ^ http://media.ford.com/content/dam/fordmedia/North%20America/US/2014/01/december13sales.pdf
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ford F-Series. |
Ford Motor Company light truck timeline, North American market, 1948–1979 — next » | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Compact pickup | Courier | Courier | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full-size pickup | F-Series | F-Series | F-Series | F-Series | F-Series | F-Series | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Van | Econoline | Econoline | Econoline / Club Wagon |
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Flex | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sport-utility vehicle | Compact | Bronco II | Bronco II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mid-size | Explorer | Explorer | Explorer | Explorer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full-size | Bronco | Bronco | Bronco | Expedition | Expedition | Expedition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Excursion | Expedition EL/Max | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pickup truck | Compact | Courier | Ranger | Ranger | Ranger | Ranger | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mid-size | Explorer Sport Trac | Explorer Sport Trac | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full-size | F-Series (all) | F-Series (all) | F-Series (all) | F-150/F-250 | F-150 | F-150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SVT Lightning | SVT Lightning | SVT Raptor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Super Duty | Super Duty | Super Duty | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Van | Compact MPV | Transit Connect | Transit Connect | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Table of Contents
> Bloom syndrome
Bloom syndrome
Also listed as:
Congenital telangiectatic erythema
Related Terms
Author information
Integrative therapies
Integrative Therapy Quick Links:
Vitamin A
Related Terms
Ashkenazi, amniocentesis, autosomal recessive disorder, BLM, BLM protein, DNA, DNA analysis, chromatid, chromosomal instability, chromosome, chromosome breakage, chromosome breakage syndrome, cytogenetic abnormality, erythema, genetic disorder, genetic mutation, genetic test, genomic instability, growth deficiency, growth delay, immunoglobulin, mutagen, mutation, neoplasia, photosensitivity, prenatal growth deficiency, prenatal growth delay, recessive disorder, sister chromatids, sun sensitivity, telangiectatic erythema, tumors.
Bloom syndrome, also known as congenital telangiectatic erythema, is a rare genetic disorder that causes telangiectasia (permanent enlargement of blood vessels), photosensitivity, prenatal growth deficiency, varying degrees of immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to many different types of cancer.
The syndrome is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder, which means both parents must carry the recessive gene in order for their child to be affected. If both parents are carriers, there is a 25% chance that the child will have the disorder, which appears within the first few months of life.
New York dermatologist David Bloom discovered the syndrome in 1954.
Since the syndrome was first recognized, there have been more than 170 case reports in the United States. While the disorder is extremely rare, it is most prevalent among individuals of Eastern European Ashkenazi ancestry. About one third of people with Bloom syndrome are of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, and the carrier rate for Ashkenazi Jews is about one percent. Cases of Bloom syndrome have also been reported in other countries, including Japan.
Author information
This information has been edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (www.naturalstandard.com).
Gene Tests. . Accessed March 16, 2007.
Genetics Home Reference. . Accessed March 16, 2007.
Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research. . Accessed March 16, 2007.
Mount Sinai School of Medicine. . Accessed March 16, 2007.
Natural Standard: The Authority on Integrative Medicine. . Copyright © 2007. Accessed March 16, 2007.
Mutations in the BLM gene (located on chromosome 15) cause Bloom syndrome. This gene provides instructions for the production of the Bloom (BLM) syndrome protein, which is a member of the DNA helicase family. The BLM protein helps stabilize the DNA when cells replicate. Mutations in the BLM gene reduce the protein's DNA helicase activity, resulting in chromosomal errors during replication. Consequently, individuals with Bloom syndrome have a higher frequency of both chromosome breakage and rearrangement than unaffected individuals.
Some researchers have suggested that individuals with Bloom syndrome overproduce the superoxide radical anion. These researchers claim that inefficient removal of peroxide might be the cause of chromosal damage and rearrangement.
: Telangiectatic erythema (dilation of blood vessels) appears as lesions on the skin or as butterfly-shaped patches of reddened skin on the face and other areas exposed to the sun. The sclera (white, protective, outer layer of the eyeball) blood vessels may also become dilated. Sun exposure worsens these symptoms.
: Newborns with Bloom syndrome are often disinterested in feeding. Regurgitation and vomiting is common during infancy. Patients should be evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux.
: Bloom syndrome causes decreased levels of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M, which leads to recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections.
Neoplasia (tumors)
: The chromosomal instability of Bloom syndrome patients causes an elevated cancer risk in affected individuals. Bloom syndrome patients are 150 to 300 times more likely to develop cancer compared to the general population. About 20% of Bloom syndrome patients develop malignancies. The cancers usually arise early in life, as individuals may be first diagnosed with cancer when they are about 25 years old.
Physical features
: Usually the first physical symptom of Bloom syndrome is growth delay, which has a prenatal onset and persists throughout life. More than 50% of children with Bloom syndrome are significantly underdeveloped in physical stature until they are eight years old. Adults with Bloom syndrome have short stature. Bloom syndrome patients typically have long limbs, disproportionately large hands and feet and progressive contracture of hands and feet. Upper extremities are long in proportion to body length. Individuals with Bloom syndrome usually have a high-pitched voice, a long narrow face, small lower jaw and prominent nose and ears. Cheilitis (dry, cracked lips) with crusting or bleeding may also occur.
: Bacterial respiratory tract infection is a common symptom of Bloom syndrome. If untreated, respiratory tract infections may progress to chronic bronchiectasis (chronic dilatation of the bronchi). Chronic pulmonary disease is the second most common cause of death in Bloom's syndrome.
: Patients have primary hypogonadism (underactive sex organs). Women with the disorder usually experience menopause earlier than unaffected women.
: Other symptoms may include learning disabilities, mental retardation and diabetes.
Prenatal diagnosis (at about 15-18 weeks gestation) is possible with amniocentesis. The amniotic fluid cell culture is evaluated to determine whether there is a high number of sister chromatid exchanges. Also, DNA analysis is expected to be available in the future.
A laboratory test called a chromosome study is used to diagnose patients with Bloom syndrome. The test, which is performed at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) and U.S. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology laboratories, evaluates chromosome stability, including sister chromatid exchanges, by looking at blood and skin cells.
In addition, immunoglobulin levels are evaluated. Individuals with Bloom syndrome have decreased levels immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M, with or without immunoglobulin G changes.
Currently, there is no specific treatment for the underlying cause of Bloom syndrome. However, avoiding sun exposure and using sunscreens may help reduce some of the cutaneous symptoms. Patients should also minimize exposure to known mutagens (agents that can potentially cause genetic mutations) like X-rays, ultraviolet light and various chemicals.
Growth hormone therapy has been used unsuccessfully to increase height in children with Bloom's syndrome. Also, there is some concern that the use of growth hormone may increase the risk for cancer later in life.
Bloom syndrome patients should be screened regularly for cancer. Surgical and/or oncology care may be necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies.
Integrative therapies
Strong scientific evidence
Vitamin A
: The prescription drug All-
-Retinoic Acid (ATRA, Vesanoid®) is a vitamin A derivative that is an established treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia and improves median survival in this disease. Treatment should be under strict medical supervision. Vitamin A supplements should not be used simultaneously with ATRA due to a risk of increased toxicity. If pregnant or breastfeeding, vitamin A should only be used within the recommended dietary allowance.
Good scientific evidence
: There is recent evidence that supplementation with
Lactobacillus casei
may help reduce the recurrence of colorectal tumors in patients who have previously undergone surgery for colon cancer. Probiotics are generally regarded as safe for human consumption. Long-term consumption of probiotics is considered safe and well tolerated.
: There is good evidence that psychotherapy can enhance cancer patients' quality of life by reducing emotional distress and aiding in coping with the stresses and challenges of cancer. Therapy may be supportive-expressive therapy, cognitive therapy or group therapy. Studies conflict on whether therapy improves self-esteem, death anxiety, self-satisfaction, etc. While some patients seek psychotherapy in hopes of extending survival, there is no conclusive evidence of effects on medical prognosis.
: Initial evidence has suggested that selenium supplementation reduces the risk of developing prostate cancer in men with normal baseline PSA (prostate specific antigen) levels, and low selenium blood levels. This is the subject of large well-designed studies, including the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial (NPC), and the ongoing Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), as well as prior population and case-control studies. There is evidence that low selenium levels are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, and several mechanisms for the beneficial effects of selenium supplementation have been suggested.
Since Bloom syndrome is a genetic disorder, no preventative measures can be taken against the disorder. However, prenatal diagnosis is possible with amniocentesis. Also, DNA analysis is expected to be available in the future.
Copyright © 2011 Natural Standard (
The information in this monograph is intended for informational purposes only, and is meant to help users better understand health concerns. Information is based on review of scientific research data, historical practice patterns, and clinical experience. This information should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Users should consult with a qualified healthcare provider for specific questions regarding therapies, diagnosis and/or health conditions, prior to making therapeutic decisions.
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Beneath a tree of purple blossoms
like snowflakes falling to earth,
forest floor, our carpet
the book of poems rest on delicate fingers
Petals crushed between my fingers
fragrant with perfume
content to lie on my side
your voice like song
pervading my senses
You smile,
closing the book
sealing inside silky petals -
reminders of this moment,
as you lie down beside me
Fingertips seeking out your face
gliding beneath your chin
pulling you closer
Lips as soft as the petals
that soon cover us
cloaking us in an immortal embrace
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Nvidia can't shake MacBook, chipset unit rumors
Nvidia has become a Silicon Valley hot spot for rumors. One is tied to an analyst downgrade Monday, the other to the rumored Apple MacBook refresh.
An analyst rekindled speculation Monday that the world's largest graphics chip supplier would sell off its chipset business, while rumors persist that the company would play a larger role in an expected refresh of the Apple MacBook.
Nvidia shares fell Monday after a Pacific Crest analyst issued a negative report on the company's prospects. In the report, the analyst said "our checks confirm" that Nvidia will exit the chipset business … Read more


text:
China's Communist Party conclave nears end
BEIJING (AP) -- China's Communist Party is bringing its pivotal conclave to a close in largely choreographed steps a day before unveiling its new leaders for the coming decade.
President Hu Jintao is expected to step down as party chief in favor of the anointed successor, Vice President Xi Jinping, in what would be only the second orderly transfer of power in 63 years of communist rule.
The new leaders will face slowing growth, rising unrest among increasingly assertive citizens and delicate relations with neighboring countries.
The secretive weeklong congress in Beijing ends after the 2,200-plus delegates select members of the Central Committee, a body that approves leadership positions and policy goals.
But the next lineup in China's apex of power, the Politburo Standing Committee, will be announced only on Thursday.


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Mississippi Coast Coliseum Tickets and Event Dates
Related Links
Venue Information
Venue Details
FROM EAST:Take I-10 West to Exit 46 (I-110); head South on I-110 to Highway 90; go West on Highway 90 to Gulfport.
Take I-10 East to Exit 38 (Cowan-Lorraine Rd); head South on Cowan-Lorraine Rd to Highway 90; go East on Highway 90 to Gulfport.
Take Highway 49 South to Highway 90; take Highway 90 about 10 miles East to Gufport.
$5.00 parking on site.Box Office Numbers
(228) 594-3707(228) 594-3708
GROUP SALES : (228) 287-7825 (MS Surge Hockey Office)
Box Office Hours
Mon-Fri 9:00AM to 5:00PMTypes of Payment Accepted
Cash, Visa, MastercardWill Call
Located on Northwest side of the Coliseum in an outer ticket booth with a green Will Call sign.Opens 1 hour prior to event time.
Accessible Seating
This is an accessible venue.For Hearing Impaired Requests:
The MS Coast Coliseum is equipped with a Hearing Assistance System.
Upon arriving to the venue, guest will need to proceed to the main office, located in the south lobby, to obtain the receiver.
They will need to bring their drivers license to secure the receiver, and when they are finished they will need to return the receiver to the main office to reclaim their drivers license.
We recommend arriving as close to the doors opening as possible.
General Rules
This is a non-smoking venue.No outside food or beverages.
Children Rules
Varies with each event, check Coliseum website for event details: www.mscoastcoliseum.comFamily Events: Under 1 Free on lap


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Halloween Costumes
Accessories / Basic Accessories / Capes and Robes / Silver and Black Deluxe Adult Womens Cape
Silver and Black Deluxe Adult Womens Cape
Item# 07199714
Cloak yourself in shimmering darkness when you wear this Silver and Black Deluxe Adult Womens Cape. Soft dark cloak drapes around shoulders and connects below the chin at the hood. Metallic interior with cinch quilted puffs will give you a majestic glow.
- Silver and Black Deluxe Adult Womens Cape included.
- Dress not included.
- Polyester
All Reviews
Already own it? Write a Review
Displaying Review 1 of 1Back to Top
Quite Pleased
By ep from vancouver, wa on 11/7/2013
Authentic Looking, Comfortable, Fits Well
Best Uses:
Costume Party, Just For Fun, Trick Or Treating
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Was this a gift?:
Bottom Line:
Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
I really enjoyed this black robe. The exterior has a velvety feel and the interior is satin-like. The material is quite stiff and will hold it's shape. I would say that the hood is quite uncomfortable as it is very large and stiff so doesn't drape around the head or face well. The interior lining was slightly discolored with a purple tone rather than silver, but i didn't particularly care. for the price, i would say it was worth it. the seams hold up well and after a full night the button closure is still very secure.
Was this review helpful to you? Yes / No- Is this review inappropriate?.
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put (pʊt) | |
—vb , puts, putting, put | |
1. | to cause to be (in a position or place): to put a book on the table |
2. | to cause to be (in a state, relation, etc): to put one's things in order |
3. | ( |
4. | to set or commit (to an action, task, or duty), esp by force: he put him to work |
5. | to render, transform, or translate: to put into English |
6. | to set (words) in a musical form (esp in the phrase put to music) |
7. | ( |
8. | ( |
9. | ( |
10. | to state; express: to put it bluntly |
11. | to set or make (an end or limit): he put an end to the proceedings |
12. | to present for consideration in anticipation of an answer or vote; propose: he put the question to the committee; I put it to you that one day you will all die |
13. | to invest (money) in; give (support) to: he put five thousand pounds into the project |
14. | to impart: to put zest into a party |
15. | to throw or cast |
16. | not know where to put oneself to feel awkward or embarrassed |
17. | put paid to to destroy irrevocably and utterly: the manager's disfavour put paid to their hopes for promotion |
18. | stay put to refuse to leave; keep one's position |
—n | |
19. | a throw or cast, esp in putting the shot |
20. | stock exchange Compare call Also called: put option an option to sell a stated amount of securities at a specified price during a specified limited period |
[C12 puten to push; related to Old English potian to push, Norwegian, Icelandic pota to poke] |
put on | |
—vb | |
1. | to clothe oneself in: to put on a coat |
2. | (usually passive) to adopt (an attitude or feeling) insincerely: his misery was just put on |
3. | to present or stage (a play, show, etc) |
4. | to increase or add: she put on weight; the batsman put on fifty runs before lunch |
5. | to cause (an electrical device) to function |
6. | (also preposition) to wager (money) on a horse race, game, etc: he put ten pounds on the favourite |
7. | (also preposition) to impose as a burden or levy: to put a tax on cars |
8. | cricket to cause (a bowler) to bowl |
9. | put someone on |
a. to connect (a person) by telephone | |
b. slang to mock or tease | |
—n | |
10. | a hoax or piece of mockery |
11. | an affected manner or mode of behaviour |
put on
Clothe oneself with, as in I put on my socks. [Mid-1400s]
Apply, activate, as in He put on the brakes. [Mid-1700s]
Assume affectedly, pretend to, as in He put on a British accent. This idiom is sometimes put as put it on, as in He's not really asleep; he's putting it on. [Late 1600s; late 1800s]
put someone on. Tease or mislead another, as in I don't believe you! You're putting me on. [Slang; mid-1900s]
Add to, gain, as in Please put this on our bill, or I've put on some weight.
Cause to be performed, produce, as in I hear they're putting on Shakespeare this summer. [Late 1800s]


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text: Yum's July Must Haves Yum's July Must Haves by partysugar 7/01/08 0 Reactions 0 Shares Print 0 0 0 0 0 June flew by so quickly it's hard to believe July is here! To ensure that you properly enjoy this glorious Summer month, I'm sharing the items I currently can't live without. These are my must haves for the month of July. Grill Basket What's Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 During the Summer, I cook all of my meals on the grill. A mesh grill basket ($39.95) is essential to successfully grilling delicate food items. Slices of bread, seafood, and vegetables pieces are easy to grill with the help of this handy tool. 1 / 6 Citrus Juicers What's Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lemonade and margaritas are two of my favorite Summer quenchers. Made with fresh-squeezed citrus juice, these concoctions are cool and refreshing. Every last drop of juice is caught with these citrus juicers ($12.95-15.95). 2 / 6 Portable Picnic Table What's Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 Be party ready at all times with this portable picnic table ($148.00). How fparty abulous will it be to unpack a picnic and host a at a park, lake, or meadow?! 3 / 6 Salad Bowl What's Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 Serve Summer's salads (potato, green, pasta, fruit) in a new salad bowl. I'm lusting over this eco-friendly, magenta bamboo bowl ($99) by Lekker. 4 / 6 The Ultimate Beer Lover's Cookbook What's Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 Enjoying beer like you would wine is all the rage right now. So why not cook with your favorite brew? The Ultimate Beer Lover's Cookbook ($17.96) provides more than 400 recipes that all use beer! 6 / 6 Serving Tray What's Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 Easily transport cocktails and tapas from your kitchen to the patio with this bright-green serving tray ($86). The tropical color and lux, faux croc print is perfect for poolside entertaining. 6 / 6 0 0 0 0 0 Read More Salad BowlJuicerGrill BasketJulyServing TrayGrillPicnicMust HavesCookbooksBeer beer Celebrate With a Cold One! Calories in Your Super Bowl Beer 2/02 7 Brilliant Uses For Beer 2/02 The Best-Tasting Beer With the Fewest Calories 1/31 A Primer on Beer 1/30 A Refreshing Hair-of-the-Dog Cocktail to Try 1/01 From Classic to Funny, 10 Christmas Beer Ads 12/25/13 Get a Personalized Living Newsletter! Help us customize your newsletter by selecting your interests (optional): Beer Food Home DIY Link Love DIY cookie butter recipes — Delish 8 things you didn't know about Spam — HuffPost Taste Give oatmeal the risotto treatment — Food52 Notable chefs discuss "what it means to be a chef" — Eater Flavored Scotch: is nothing sacred? — Grub Street This phone app lets you pay your restaurant check — OpenTable


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Thursday, July 26, 2007
Day Off
The Twins have the day off today, and it is more than needed. Honestly, I think that Twins fans need the day off as much as anyone. There probably aren't a lot of happy players with the Twins right now. Well, I bet there is one really happy player that will be in a big league dugout for the first time on Friday in Cleveland. After the game yesterday, the Twins sent Darnell McDonald back to Rochester and called up Brian Buscher. Hopefully he will get the majority of the playing time at 3B. Of course, when McDonald came up, he got three straight starts and then didn't play for two games and had only a pinch hit single yesterday before being given up on. So, Buscher better get at least a hit a game just to stay on the roster. I just don't know how Gardy is going to not put Nick Punto in the lineup. Can he do it?
Honestly, I don't really want to talk Twins today. They have a day off. I'm taking a day off too. As a matter of fact, with my house at 90 degrees the last couple of days, I did something a little different last night. My car has air conditioning and the movie theatre about 45 miles from my house has air conditioning, so I went to a movie. I went to see Knocked Up. Seth Rogan is hilarious and Katherine Heigl really did a nice job. I'm not saying it is a great movie, but it is really good. I think any parent could watch the movie and find him or herself nodding in agreement a lot. And no, I don't think it is at all pathetic that I went to a movie by myself. Is it?
Last Saturday, my girlfriend and I went to I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry. Now that was a funny movie. There was much laughter on my part. I am a huge Sandler fan and Kevin James is terrific. Oh yeah... Jessica Biel, she's friendly!
So, there are the movies I have watched lately. I believe the last movie I went to before last weekend was The Pursuit of Happyness, and then probably Stomp the Yard. But buttered popcorn is good.
So, here are the Twins minor league updates from last night. Please feel free to discuss anything and everything Twins related, or minor league related in the comments. According to LaVelle, Pirates assistant GM Ruben Amaro Jr was in Toronto scouting Josh Towers and is now on his way to Rochester to watch Kevin Slowey... who he also watched pitch last weekend. Hmm... Please no Pat Burrell! (although I am of the opinion that if the Phillies pay more than 75% of the contract, I wouldn't mind him on the roster) Despite the fact that he only hits about .220, his on base percentage is probably .380-.400. He does have some power and I'm guessing a change of scenery would be very good for him!
Do you have any other thoughts on the Twins, or what the Twins should do, please e-mail me or leave Comments below.
SethSpeaks Player of the Day - Steve Tolleson, Ft. Myers Miracle
SethSpeaks Pitcher of the Day - Anthony Swarzak, New Britain Rockcats
If you have any thoughts on the Twins system, please e-mail me.
Wednesday - Red Wings 1, Syracuse 8 – David Gassner had yet another rough start. The lefty gave up four runs on ten hits and two walks in five innings. Miraculously, he struck out eight. Jason Miller gave up a run on four hits and a walk in two innings. Brad Baker then gave up three earned runs in just one inning. Jay Sawatski did pitch a scoreless inning. The Red Wings managed just three hits. Garrett Jones hit his 30th double. Brian Buscher went 0-2, played third base and batted sixth. He was removed from the game in the 6th inning and will become a Twin on Friday. Congrats!
Wednesday - Rockcats 0, Connecticut 3 – Wow, Anthony Swarzak was good in this game. The righty went the first seven innings and did not allow a run. He gave up only two hits. He walked none and struck out 11 hitters. JP Martinez gave up a hit and a walk in the 8th before Jose Mijares came in. He got two outs, but he gave up one hit, a three run homer that scored the two guys Martinez allowed to reach. Felix Molina went 2-3.
Wednesday - Miracle 2, Lakeland 3 - The exact same score as the loss yesterday. Jay Rainville fell to 5-10. He gave up three runs (2 earned) on five hits and a walk in 5.2 innings. Kyle Aselton did not allow a run over the final 2.1 innings. The Miracle had seven players with one hit. Steven Tolleson went 1-2 with three walks. He also hit a double as did Juan Portes and Erik Lis.
Wednesday - Snappers – No Game Scheduled.
Wednesday - E-Twins, Kingsport – Doubleheader rained out.
Wednesday - GCL Twins, GCL Pirates – Dan Berlind improved to 4-0. In six innings, he gave up five hits and two walks, but just one earned run. He struck out four. Dominque Rodgers gave up a hit and walked two ,but did not allow a run. Tom Stuifbergen, from The Netherlands, pitched a scoreless inning. Michael Mopas gave up a run in his inning. Jonathon Waltenbury went 2-4 with his second homer and two RBI. Wang-Wie Lin was 2-3 with a walk. Yangervis Solarte went 2-4 with his second double. Juan Richardson was also 2-4.
Do you have any further thoughts on any Twins prospects, minor leaguers, or these summaries? I would love any input, or ideas to make it better. Thanks! E-mail me, or also feel free to leave comments below.


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Quick Facts
- NAME: Bobby Flay
- OCCUPATION: Chef
- BIRTH DATE: December 10, 1964 (Age: 49)
- EDUCATION: French Culinary Institute
- PLACE OF BIRTH: New York, New York
- Full Name: Robert William Flay
- AKA: Robert Flay
- AKA: Bobby Flay
- ZODIAC SIGN: Sagittarius
Best Known For
Bobby Flay's frequent appearances and shows on the Food Network have made him one of America's best-known chefs.
Videos see all videos
Bobby Flay - Mini Biography (2:22)
Bobby Flay - Full Episode (45:20)
Julia Child - Legacy (1:37)
Bobby Flay - Mini Biography
A short biography of Bobby Flay, an internationally renowned chef who began cooking at his father's restaurant, Joe Allen, and emerged with a successful career in television.
Julia Child - Legacy
Author Julie Powell talks about Julia Child's influence as a chef, her legacy as a feminist, and how she helped changed the way americans thought about food.
Julia Child - Mastering the Art of French Cooking
Author Julie Powell describes the appeal of Julia Child's cookbook, "Mastering the Art of French Cooking," and shares some of her favorite recipes from the book, including Julia's beef bourguignon.
Think you know about Biography?
Answer questions and see how you rank against other players.
Play NowBobby Flay. (2014). The Biography Channel website. Retrieved 10:50, Mar 08, 2014, from http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278.
Bobby Flay. [Internet]. 2014. The Biography Channel website. Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278 [Accessed 08 Mar 2014].
"Bobby Flay." 2014. The Biography Channel website. Mar 08 2014, 10:50 http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278.
"Bobby Flay," The Biography Channel website, 2014, http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278 [accessed Mar 08, 2014].
"Bobby Flay," The Biography Channel website, http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278 (accessed Mar 08, 2014).
Bobby Flay [Internet]. The Biography Channel website; 2014 [cited 2014 Mar 08] Available from: http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278.
Bobby Flay, http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278 (last visited Mar 08, 2014).
Bobby Flay. The Biography Channel website. 2014. Available at: http://www.biography.com/people/bobby-flay-578278. Accessed Mar 08, 2014.
Born in New York City in 1964, Bobby Flay opened his first restaurant, Mesa Grill, in 1991, winning immediate acclaim. He made his first appearance on the Food Network in 1994 and soon became a television fixture in the vein of fellow celebrity chefs Mario Batali, Emeril Lagasse and Rachael Ray. Flay has hosted several Food Network shows, including Grill It!
with Bobby Flay and Throwdown with Bobby Flay.
Early Life
Chef and restaurant owner. Born Robert William Flay on December 10, 1964 in New York City, and raised on Manhattan's Upper East Side by divorced parents Bill and Dorothy Flay, Irish-Americans who bestowed red hair and freckles upon their son. From a young age, Flay showed a talent for cooking. He arranged his mother's grocery lists; whipped up complex after-school snacks; and even requested an Easy-Bake Oven as a Christmas gift. He was, however, markedly less interested in school. Flay bounced around several parochial schools before dropping out of high school at the age of 17.
His first professional restaurant job came in 1982, shortly after he left school. His father Bill, a manager for the famed Joe Allen's restaurant in New York's Theater District, called one day and ordered Bobby Flay to fill in for a sick busboy. "He told me—he didn't ask," Flay later recalled. This soon turned into a full-time job at Joe Allen's, where Flay moved from busboy to kitchen helper. His boss paid to send him to the French Culinary Institute in Manhattan, which Flay attended after earning his high school equivalency diploma. He received the institute's Outstanding Graduate Award in 1993.
After a brief, and unfulfilling, stint as a stockbroker's assistant on Wall Street, Flay went to work for a series of New York restaurants, most notably those of restaurateur Jonathan Waxman. Flay was fascinated by Waxman's use of spices and flavors from the American Southwest—a region Flay had never visited—and Southwestern cooking soon became Flay's signature food.
Celebrity Chef
Bobby Flay opened his first restaurant, Mesa Grill, in 1991, winning immediate acclaim. Mesa Grill was awarded the coveted title of Best Restaurant 1992 by New York Magazine's revered food critic, Gael Greene. In 1993, Flay was named the James Beard Foundation's Rising Star Chef of the Year, a prize for talented chefs under 30. That same year, he opened Bolo Bar and Restaurant in New York City's Flatiron district, which also proved wildly popular with critics and diners alike. Flay followed that success with a second Mesa Grill in Las Vegas's Caesar's Palace in 2004; the bistro Bar Americain in 2005; Bobby Flay Steak in Atlantic City in 2006; Mesa Grill Bahamas in 2007; and a second Bar Americain at Connecticut's Mohegan Sun casino in 2009. Flay's chain of casual burger joints, Bobby's Burger Palace, opened in 2008 and has spread across the East Coast.
Flay became a household name, and not only because of his restaurants. He made his first appearance on the Food Network in 1994, and soon became a television fixture in the vein of fellow celebrity chefs Mario Batali, Emeril Lagasse and Rachael Ray.
profile name: Bobby Flay profile occupation:
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Famous Chefs
As a nation that loves to eat, we hold food, and the people who prepare it, close to our hearts. Though Julia Child was the original celebrity chef and cookbook personality, the boom in reality TV has led to a renewed interest in all the people who turn food into art. From cooking show competitors to chefs to the stars, we love to watch these talented individuals whip up all kinds of delicious dishes. To learn more, sift through this group of Famous Chefs, which includes chocolatier Jacques Torres, classic culinarian Julia Child, gourmet guru Alton Brown, "semi-homemade" cook Sandra Lee, Gordon Ramsay, Rachael Ray and many more.
Famous Chefs 33 people in this group


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Search results for 'women'
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Coverage: ESPN/WatchESPN
8:00 PM ET, March 30, 2012
Amway Center, Orlando, FL
Top Performers
Dallas: D. Nowitzki 28 Pts, 3 Reb, 2 Ast, 1 Blk
Orlando: J. Nelson 24 Pts, 7 Reb, 4 Ast
ORLANDO, FL - MARCH 30: Dirk Nowitzki #41 of the Dallas Mavericks shoots the winning basket over Hedo Turkoglu #15 of the Orlando Magic during the game at Amway Center on March 30, 2012 in Orlando, Florida. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, User is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Sam Greenwood/Getty Images)


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Wieters - A step in the right direction
Of course I'd like to see the entire club come together at the same time, but that rarely happens anywhere. Matt Wieters certainly has taken big strides toward becoming a complete player at the toughest position on the field. I am very happy to see how well he is throwing the ball. His footwork right now is as good as it's going to get. I ... read more


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Billed as "the first truly portable internet radio on the market," View Quest's WIFI200 lets you listen to over 12,000 radio stations and 7,000 podcasts, wherever you can get WiFi. Pretty cool. The wallet-sized gizmo even won an International Forum Design Award, so it must be doing something right. The bottom line is, you need never listen to Top 40 again... unless you really want to.
To use the WIFI200, you simply connect to your wireless network. You can just start listening if your network is unprotected. If it's protected, you enter your password the first time you use the radio and it will remember it from then on.
A scroll wheel and an LED-lit screen allow you to search by country or genre. Sound comes out of a single speaker, like the transistor radios of days gone by, but it also has a stereo headphone jack. A single charge of its built-in Li-Ion battery should get you about 15 hours of usage.
The View Quest website lists mostly British dealers, so it's hard to say if this item is available to the Western or Southern hemispheres. The average price is around £80, or about US$118.
I kind of like the idea of this but I would want to listen to this in my car and I don't know of many WiFi signals that you could pick up in a car?
mrhuckfin15th June, 2010 @ 07:06 pm PDT
mrhuckfin you could always purchase any number of the new cellphones on the market that act as mobile wifi hotspots. I also believe sprint carries a product that is specifically a mobile wifi hotspot for up to 5 devices.
Ben Richards19th June, 2010 @ 10:56 am PDT
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New day. New Daily Deal. Get it before it is gone.
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Item: 111870 Model: MDS86032
Grab bars has limited lifetime warranty on frame, six-month warranty on handles, "wearable" parts, grips, screws.
Latex-Free | Yes |
Grab Bar Length | 32" |
Grab Bar Finish | White |
Grab Bar Type | Grab Bars |
This Web site is intended for use by US residents only. See International Sites. See our delivery policy for full details. Copyright 2013, Staples, Inc., All Rights Reserved.


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Product Recall: One SKU of Velveeta Cheesy Skillet Singles Due to Undeclared Soy: Click Here
COMBINE bread crumbs and 1/4 cup of the cheese in shallow dish; set aside. Mix mayonnaise and chili powder; spread onto both sides of chicken breasts. Coat evenly with crumb mixture.
HEAT oil in large skillet on medium heat. Add chicken; cook 4 to 5 min. on each side or until cooked through (165ºF). Meanwhile, mash avocados with salsa.
PLACE chicken on serving plate. Top with salsa mixture and tomatoes; sprinkle with remaining cheese.


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Fri, 11/19/2010 - 15:12
The Girl Scouts of Eastern Massachusetts honored Bentley University President Gloria Cordes Larson as one of six remarkable role models at the 19th Annual Girl Scouts of Eastern Mass. Leading Women Awards Breakfast held at the Seaport Hotel in Boston on November 9, 2010. The honorees were chosen because they exemplify the Girl Scout mission to build women of courage, confidence and character and their desire to make the world a better place.
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Tue, 09/28/2010 - 13:30
The Women's Leadership Institute (WLI) at Bentley University hosts "Redefining Success: Executive Women Exploring New Directions," an innovative one-day workshop for senior female executives and professionals exploring effective ways to shape their working and "extra-curricular" lives going forward. The program will be held on Thursday, October 21, from noon to 7:00 p.m. at the Bentley campus, 175 Forest Street, Waltham, Mass.