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Belacan Yam Leaf (Sweet Potato Leaf) Recipe
September 22nd, 2007Recipes, Malaysian Recipes, Recipes, Nyonya Recipes, Recipes41 CommentsRecipe: Stir-fried Yam Leaf (Sweet Potato Leaf) with Belacan (Shrimp Paste)
1 box of yam leaf (approximately 0.8 lb)
1 tablespoon of belacan/shrimp paste
2 red bird's eye chilies or 1 regular red chili (remove seeds and thinly cut)
3 tablespoons cooking oil
3 cloves garlic (finely chopped)
1 tablespoon roasted chili paste
1 tablespoon dried shrimp
A few dashes fish sauce
Roasted Chili Paste:
A handful of dried chilies
2 tablespoon of cooking oil
Grind the dried chilies and cooking oil in a blender. Add a little water while blending.
Heat the wok, pour some cooking oil and stir-fry the chili paste for about 3 minutes. Set aside.
Soak the dried shrimp in warm water for 10 minutes, then coarsely pound them using mortar and pestle. Set aside.
Cut the stems of the yam leaf. Keep only the tender part of the stems. Rinse with cold water and then set aside.
Fire up the wok to HIGH heat and add the cooking oil. Wait till smoke comes out from the wok then add in the chopped garlic. Do a quick stir, add in the belacan, dried shrimp, and roasted chili paste and continue stirring. As soon as you smell the pungent aroma of belacan, toss in the yam leaf. Stir continuously until the leaves started to wilt. Add in a few dashes of fish sauce, continue stirring (make sure the color of the vegetable remains green). Dish up and serve hot.
Cook's notes:
- In the US, sweet potato leaf (蕃薯叶) is marketed as yam leaf.
- If you use water spinach, the recipe works the same.
- Dried shrimps should complement the belacan instead of competing with it, so you don't want to use too much of them.
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41 comments... read them below or add one
Only you could make shrimp paste look so completely divine – gorgeous photos!
1This comment has been removed because it linked to malicious content. Learn more.
2That is the cutest belacan scoops I've ever seen! Great pics!
3At first glance, I thought the shrimp paste was yam flavor ice-cream! ;p
I love anything with belachan, but don't use it often because of the smell that lingers long after the meal is done.
4I had blanched yam leaves with samba lado mudo once instead of using cooked cassava leaves, since I can't find fresh cassava leaves. It turned really good. I should try your recipe one day
5love your photos!
6i am also malaysian now living in china. i had some stir fried vege with belacan yesterday at a singaporean restaurant cooked by a malaysian chef and it was a taste of home!
i hope to try out your recipe at home when i feel like a taste of malaysia :)
7Wow, was wondering when you were gonna get to this dish. It's my all-time fav vege dish to order when I eat out. Will need to try making this soon. Only you can make the yam leaf look so appetizing. Well done!
8The finished product looks superbly delicious. But would the vegetable be sweet potato leaves instead of yam leaves?
I have eaten the former and the dish is superb.
9Hi Rasa,
very nice recipe. I use exactly the same one, but instead of shrimp paste, I add oyster sauce, I think that is the Thai style…
10this vege is my all time favourite!but didn't see them around here in Melbourne though. remember my grandma used to plant it around her house, n whenever we visited her, she would pick some yam leaf and cooked for us *how fresh!!*. miss those times =)
11You can seriously consider some belacan ice-cream! It is IT! :D
I also like this dish a lot. Best to do at home since the restaurants typically charge US$8-9 for it, and I bet it's worth to do it at home, WITH the stinkyness.
12I wondered what was yam leaf – I thought it looked like kangkong (which is what we called it in the philippines) – then upon reading your post II guess it's a substitute for Kangkong. Oh and with shrimp paste – this is exactly how I like it.
13here in Malaysia , this dish is a common order as much craved as the kangkong ! some people cannot tell da difference between the two, both so delicate and green
14the shoots were even better huh? mmm yumyummm
15Hi there,
Scrumptious pics! Could you tell me where I can buy belachan in north California (San Jose)? I can't find it at the local 99 Ranch. Thanks very much!
16This is one ingredient which will tell the neighbourhood what you're cooking! Real adorable balls of belacan.
17YUM! We have a very similar dish here and I love it! Simple but so very tasty :) We use bagoong which is our local shrimp paste, and kangkong (water spinach) :) Something in common! :)
18a simple yet delectable dish..thanks for sharing, RM :)
20I love stir fried greens, spinach and swiss chards in particular. But I knew about neither yam leaves nor Belacan. Looks like an interesting combination. I'll try it when I have a chance. Thanks for the recipe and the beautiful picture.
21Hi Bee Yinn,
Like your blog very much. Good photos, good layout, and good recipes too.
I would like to share some cooking tips for your consideration when preparing food using belachan.
Toast belachan over direct fire till aromatic, then dissolve it in some water into a paste. This will bring out the taste of belachan.
Another way is to toast it in a dry clean wok till powder form. Do this just before cooking, not in advance.
22Ari, Amy, East Meets West Kitchen, Mandy – Thanks. Yeah, I tried to trick people in believing that those scoops are ice cream! Hehe.
Andaliman – cassava leaves? What are those?
K & S – Thanks.
Tracy – Yeah, you can try my recipe at home, just make sure you "smuggle" some belacan into China the next time. I am not sure if you could get it in China or not.
Lucy – I checked out your blog, it's fanstastic. Love the dishes you cook.
Bayi – yam leaf = sweet potato leaf. Sweet potato is marketed as yam here in the US, and yam is called taro here. Don't ask me why. Hehe.
Zlamushka – that's probably Chinese style if oyster sauce is used, but yeah, Thailand has the same dish too.
Ironeaters – yep…just pluck from the garden and cook it…I miss those days too, but lucky I can get them here in California.
Tiga – You know, if shrimp paste is ever on Iron Chef, I am sure one of the iron chefs will definitely make it into an ice cream. LOL!
Veron – wow, I didn't know that kangkung is called kangkong in Tagalog. It looks like we share some similar words…no wonder I always thought I can undertand Tagalog (from the sound of it) but when I paid attention, I can't. Hehe.
BSG – I agree, they taste similar. In fact, I prefer sweet potato leaf.
Babe – yummy yes.
Jasmine – you should be able to find belacan at the R99. It's probably not made in Malaysia, but you can get the ones made in PH or made in Thailand.
Tummy – yep, it's a loud statement to my neighbors…but they probably think I have a dead animal in the house.
Joey – I didn't know that PH has a similar dish. Thanks for telling me. Quick quick make a dish for me to see. :)
SC – You're always welcome…no need to thanks. :)
Lemongrass – :)
Laurent – thank you.
23my first time here! i live in the west coast. i remembered when my uncle told me he cooked belachan in his apt in UK. the neighbors thought there was a dead rat!!
will dropby again
24Fantastic webpage! I've been looking for a great Malaysia food blog. I'm bookmarking it, and thanks for visiting my site.
- Evil Jungle Prince
25i dont think i'm a big fan of belacan paste but they sure do look very nice in your picture !
26I have Thai shrimp paste that I bought and used recently to make a sambal I saw on Eating Asia blog. Recently I'd been feeling that I'm neglecting using my shrimp paste for other things but now I see you use it and stir-frying veggies, I am so going to start using it that way when I'm cooking my veggies, which happens regularly.
27I don't care what anyone else says about belacan, I love it. Kankung belacan is always one of the dishes I order whenever we eat out at a Malaysian restaurant. But yam leaves / sweet potato leaves are a little less chewy / fibrous. The best choy over all would be Sabah choy but it's so hard to find, even in M'sia.
I've seen belacan at the Ranch 99 in the aisle where they have all the Indonesian condiments. Or you could use Chinese harm-ha for an approximate flavor.
28This is one of my favorite veggie dish that grandma makes. I love it =) Brings back memories.
29Awesome, picture perfect down-home Kampung vegetable. btw, no Okra nor Mani chai this season, three rows of special breed okra was attacked by bad bunnies in one night and I only manage to harvest a spoonful of Mani chai before the cold season kicks in….but the spoonful of mani chai tasted so good with a little egg and 江魚仔.
30This looks very delicious…and creative.
31Love the first photo in this post – the green is just eye-popping! Looks like veggie candy :)
33I was so excited to come across your blog and it brought back fond memories of all the foods back from Malaysia. You have excellent pictures and I just love your recipes and since I don't really know how to cook, your recipes come in handy.
34Hello. I stumble upon your web page when I am looking for nyonya PERUT IKAN curry recipe. I am hoping to able to cook it. Finding that lengkalok leaf is big task in KL, Malaysia. Wonder how u find in in US ? arent you based in US now ?
I browse thru your website & love all your food photographs. They so beautifully delicious. U r good at it.Regards,
Jen Nee, KL35I am so excited to learn that you can use the patato leaf to make a healthy meal. Thanks a lot for your blog it is very handy.
Nelle, Caribbean36I miss having yam leaves with belacan. I just bought some belacan and will use your yam leaves with belacan recipe.
37We always order kangkung belacan in the restaurants and finally made it ourselves. We used this recipe and our kangkung belacan turned out great! Thanks for the recipe!
38Pingback:National Sweet Potato Month Sale and Newsletter | Garden Harvest Supply
My family love belacan sweet potato leaves but I have not cooked it myself before. Will follow your recipe and cook it for my family. Thanks!


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Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament Community - participation in Regional Fisheries Organisations (RFOs)
/* COM/99/0613 final */
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COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT - Community participation in Regional Fisheries Organisations (RFOs)
1. Introduction
2. The key role of RFOs in managing world fish stocks
2.1. The need to manage fishery resources
2.2. The increasing powers of RFOs
2.2.1. Origin and mission
2.2.2. The existing RFOs
2.2.3. Structure and powers
2.3. The RFOs, melting pot of a legal order for managing fish stocks
2.3.1 Measures applicable to the contracting parties
2.3.2. Measures that may be relied on against non-contracting parties
3. Increased and essential presence of the Community within RFOs
3.1. The Community and the RFOs
3.2. Obligations arising from participation in RFOs
3.2.1. Representing the interests of the Community
3.2.2. Contribution to the budget
3.2.3. Participation in the work of the RFOs
3.2.4. Transposing of recommendations
3.2.5. Application of the conservation and management measures
4. Mutual cooperation between the Commission and the Member States in the sharing out of tasks
4.1. Refocusing the Commission on its original mission
4.1.1. Representing the Community
4.1.2. Legislative tasks
4.2. Sharing out the tasks of collecting and managing data
4.2.1. Transmission of data
4.2.2. Participation in technical and scientific committees
4.3. Inspection and monitoring plans
5. Conclusion
1. Introduction
The intention expressed by the Community on a number of occasions of playing a more prominent role on the international stage and enhancing its capacity for concerted action in the area of external relations is particularly pressing in the fisheries sector.
The disturbing condition of the majority of the world's fish stocks combined with the excessive exploitation capacity of the major world fleets call for closer international cooperation in managing fishery resources.
This cooperation should encompass both the management of stocks that can be fished in waters under the sovereignty of several coastal States and those found partially or wholly beyond those waters, firstly, to ensure that measures adopted for the high seas are compatible with those for the EEZs and, secondly, to prevent the principle of the freedom of the high seas to which the Community attaches particular importance from developing into the law of the jungle.
It is essential then that the Community, ranked fourth among the world's fisheries powers, play a greater role in establishing and determining a regulatory framework to govern fishery resources which is in keeping with its international commitments in order to safeguard on a lasting basis the economic interests of its high-seas fleets and the effective implementation of a policy of responsible fishing.
The regional fisheries organisations (RFOs) are the main vehicle for international cooperation. Arising from international agreements, they provide a forum within which representatives of the states meet to establish, using the best scientific data available, arrangements for managing fish stocks. They constitute, therefore, a particularly appropriate mechanism as they provide a legal framework in which account can be taken of the distinctive nature and characteristic features of their area by virtue of their regional character.
Over the last few years the RFOs have increased considerably in numbers and importance. They have also become more active. Their role, to start with confined mainly to preparing opinions on the conservation and management of fishery resources, has broadened to include the exercise of powers covering the management and regulation of the exploitation of those resources.
The measures adopted within this framework entail establishing and defining concepts and principles that have gradually been outlining the structure of an international legal order for the management of fish stocks based on the Convention on the Law of the Sea and applying firstly to the contracting parties but increasingly requiring also the introduction of arrangements applying to non-contracting parties.
On account of its exclusive competence for fisheries matters, the Community has become actively engaged in representing and defending its interests within the RFOs. At present it belongs to ten RFOs, has applied for membership of an eleventh and is involved in the establishment of two new ones.
This participation in the RFOs needs to be considered from the point of view of the consistency of the internal and external aspects of the CFP. While the Community has a role to play in influencing the development of work on the management of fishery resources being undertaken at international level, there is no question that this work in turn will have an impact on the internal management rules applicable to the policy. Participation will represent a heavy burden in terms of representation, participation, providing and transmitting data and implementing the measures adopted, in particular as regards the monitoring of fishing activities.
Without prejudging the necessary consideration of the principles and concepts the Community will have to defend within the RFOs which will be developed further, this Communication will confine itself to dealing with aspects of the role the Community will be required to perform within the RFOs and evaluating the sharing out of the tasks arising from that participation between the Community and the Member States.
2. The key role of RFOs in managing world fish stocks
Various factors have contributed to the awareness of the need to conserve and manage stocks not only in the high seas but also in waters under the jurisdiction of coastal States and, consequently, to the emergence of the RFOs as a powerful management instrument.
2.1. The need to manage fishery resources
In subscribing to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the European Community and the other contracting States gave an undertaking, among other things, to establish a balance between the rights and obligations of the coastal States and those of countries which carry on fishing operations on the high seas. The principal objective of achieving this balance was the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources.
After the exclusive economic zones were extended to 200 miles in the Seventies, the distant-water fishing fleets were obliged to reorganise their operations and as a result drew heavily on resources, which led, with the aid of technical progress, to the worrying overfishing of the majority of stocks.
The stabilising of international legal relations and the introduction of effective cooperation represent a major challenge for the future of the Community high seas fisheries. For these reasons the Community has played an active part in the preparation of three new instruments which supplement and spell out the measures taken within the framework of the Law of the Sea Convention, namely:
- the agreement promoting compliance by fishing vessels on the high seas with international conservation and management measures adopted by the FAO in 1993;
- the Code of conduct on responsible fishing, adopted by the FAO Conference in November 1995 following the 1992 Cancún declaration;
- the agreement applying the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea for the conservation and management of fish stocks moving within and beyond the exclusive economic zones (straddling stocks) and the main migratory fish stocks, known as the New York Agreement, which was adopted in 1995.
The Community is now a party to the first two instruments and should as a matter of urgency, if the international legal order is to be reinforced and stabilised, be able to lodge at the same time as the Member States the instruments ratifying the third one.
These instruments confirm the fundamental role of the RFOs in establishing this international cooperation. The New York Agreement has manifestly reinforced their role as it implies that:
- action by the existing organisations will be spurred on or introduced where none exists;
- states which do not belong to them and which have fishing interests in the areas concerned should subscribe to them or agree to apply their rules;
- the measures for the conservation and management of resources are compatible in the high seas and the EEZs;
- appropriate monitoring plans will be put in place within the organisations to ensure that the decisions they have adopted are effectively applied;
- mandatory procedures will be put in place for the amicable settlement of disputes.
2.2. The increasing powers of RFOs
2.2.1. Origin and task
The first RFOs date back to the start of the century but the majority of them have been set up in the last forty years.
The development of their role is closely linked with the growing awareness of the need for fish stocks to be managed on a sustainable basis. For a long time their main role was to provide advice on conservation and it has only been since the start of the Seventies that they began to undertake management tasks which included, as the condition of stocks worsened, the adoption of conservation measures, followed by restrictions on fishing opportunities and, more recently, deterrent measures targeted at non-contracting parties. This development of an increasingly active role for RFOs has gathered speed since the United Nations Conference on the environment and development held in Rio de Janeiro on 3 to 14 June 1992.
The task of the RFOs therefore has been to prevent conflicts of interest between nations in exploiting marine resources and the attainment of a sustainable balance between the exploitation of resources and their conservation.
2.2.2. The existing RFOs
The range of RFOs is very varied. Some were set up under the FAO and others quite independently of that organisation. Of the former, a number are purely consultative and have no administrative organisation of their own (e.g. CECAF [1]) while others have management powers and autonomous structures and budgets (e.g. CTOI [2]). The majority have powers in relation to the conservation and management of resources.
[1] Fishery Committee for the Eastern Central Atlantic.
[2] Indian Ocean Tuna Commission.
Some are concerned with all biological resources in the area for which they are responsible (e.g. NAFO [3]). Others focus on a stock or group of stocks (e.g. ICCAT [4]). Their geographical area of competence may be limited to the high seas or include the high seas and the exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of coastal States on account of the biological unity of the stocks. Some organisations such as the IBSFC [5], on the other hand, cover only zones coming under the jurisdiction of coastal States.
[3] Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation.
[4] International Convention on the conservation of Atlantic Tuna.
[5] International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission.
Most areas of the high seas where fishing is carried currently on come under the authority of an RFO. A recent survey indicates that there are 35 RFOs, of which 32 are involved in management, covering the majority of seas and oceans.
In a few years from now virtually all of the high seas will be covered by RFOs. Three new ones are being set up covering the South East Atlantic (SEAFO), the South West Atlantic and the Central West Pacific.
2.2.3. Structure and powers
It is clear that the RFOs are intending to strengthen their structures and decision-making autonomy, as can be seen especially within the NAFO [6] which is currently reviewing its structures and has recently acquired its own secretariat, and the GFCM which will shortly have its own budget. The CECAF is examining similar changes.
[6] Convention on Future Multilateral Cooperation in the Northeast Atlantic Fisheries.
Generally speaking, the structure of the RFOs comprises:
- an executive body (commission) responsible mainly for adopting measures for the conservation and management of stocks;
- a scientific body responsible for providing scientific advice and recommendations for the preparation and adoption of conservation measures [7];
[7] Not including the NEAFC and the IBSFC which come under the authority of an outside body, the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES).
- a secretariat to take care of the administrative side of the organisation;
- subsidiary bodies responsible for undertaking preparatory work (finance committee, implementing committee, statistical committee, etc.).
These bodies are made up of representatives of the contracting parties who may be accompanied by experts and advisers. They meet at least once each year in full session, which is preceded normally by a meeting of the scientific body. In addition to these ordinary meetings there may be extraordinary meetings where the RFOs have to deal with specific issues. At the same time, a whole range of meetings have to be attended of technical and scientific working groups which are particularly active between each full session.
2.3. The RFOs, melting pot of a legal order for managing fish stocks
The RFOs are the linchpin of an increasingly important body of rules on fish stocks.
2.3.1. Measures applicable to the contracting parties
These establish the conservation and management measures on the basis in particular of scientific advice. They are adopted in accordance with the RFO's decision-making procedure (by consensus or simple or qualified majority). They include, in addition to technical measures (such as mesh sizes and minimum sizes for fish), the fixing on a regular basis of the total allowable catches and the rules for their shareout among the contracting parties, for example, bluefin tuna under ICCAT, Greenland halibut under NAFO, blue whiting under NEAFC and toothfish under the CCAMLR.
The most important feature of these measures is their binding nature which, once adopted, become mandatory for contracting parties which have not exercised the right to object normally provided for in the regulations of the RFOs.
The RFOs have management machinery (monitoring of catches, statistical programmes, monitoring of trade flows) that enables them to monitor contracting parties' implementation of conservation measures.
They also have inspection, control and surveillance systems to verify compliance by the contracting parties. These include boarding and inspection procedures which reinforce cooperation between the contracting parties.
In addition to their powers for the management of stocks in the strict sense, RFOs are also required to interpret, spell out and put into practice the general rules and legal concepts arising under the FAO Code of conduct and the New York Agreement together with the concept of the real interest of states in the fisheries concerned, the precautionary approach, the principle of transparency, the duties of flag states and the rules for the amicable settlement of disputes.
2.3.2. Measures that may be relied on against non-contracting parties
Special attention should to be paid to the measures taken by the RFOs to discourage the vessels of non-contracting parties (non-cooperating) from undermining the goals agreed to for the management of resources.
This is particularly necessary since the increasingly binding nature of the management measures adopted by the RFOs may have the undesirable effect of encouraging certain shipowners to switch their vessels to flags of other countries which are not members of the RFOs.
This practice, commonly known under the term 'flags of convenience', is particularly relevant in the fisheries sector as not only does it introduce unfair conditions of competition but threatens to frustrate the management strategy worked out by states participating in the work of the RFOs.
International law is based on the principle that treaties and international conventions cannot create obligations for non-contracting parties but recognises the duty of cooperation. Organisations within the international community should therefore, in compliance with international law, adopt measures "to deter the activities of vessels flying the flag of non-members or non-participants which engage in activities which undermine the effectiveness of conservation and management measures established by such organisations or arrangements" (Code of Conduct, Article 7.7.5).
The RFOs have an important role to play then in establishing measures that can be carried out by states to prevent unilateral action on the high seas. They work to define and implement points of international law covering an extremely wide range of areas. ICCAT, for example, has recently adopted recommendations on international trade in bluefin tuna which will have direct implications for non-contracting parties.
Issues currently being dealt with by the RFOs include access to ports and the ban on the landing of unlawful catches, as well as access to markets with the possibility of imposing trade sanctions on states which refuse to cooperate, and measures involving the establishment and scope of the jurisdiction of States over their nationals. Sight should not be lost either of inspection and control measures arising from the New York Agreement, which will be relied upon against non-contracting parties to RFOs which have ratified the agreement when it enters into force.
3. Increased and essential presence of the Community within RFOs
In the light of the traditional involvement of the fleets of some Member States in distant-water fishing, the overall scale of these fleets which together represent the world's fourth-ranking fishing power, their dependence on straddling stocks and highly migratory species, and the undertakings they have given internationally, the Community has a fundamental role to play within the RFOs. It should be borne in mind that, independently of the fishing activities of its fleet, the Community market, along with that of the United States and Japan, is one of the three major world markets for disposing of catches and consequently the Community has a duty to participate in the development of responsible fishing.
3.1. The Community and the RFOs
The Community is a contracting party to ten regional fisheries organisations and an observer to two others (see Annex). It has become a member of one third of them over the last four years. In addition, it is particularly involved in defining and establishing the SEAFO and the arrangement for the southeast Atlantic. It has expressed an interest, lastly, in playing an active role in setting up an organisation to cover the central western Pacific and has applied for membership of ICATT [8].
[8] Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission.
The reason for this increased participation is the wish to be actively involved in framing measures for the conservation and management of resources fished by Community shipowners in order to ensure, firstly, that due account is taken of the interests of Nations involved in distant-water fishing in the same way as those of coastal States, and secondly, that the principles and concepts put into effect in the different RFOs are consistent and respect the special features of each of them.
It also enables the Community to ensure consistency and synergy with the policy it is pursuing as part of its bilateral fishery relations with non-member countries. It constitutes, in relation to the latter, an assurance of its commitment in relation to sustainable resource management. In line with the obligations arising under the New York Agreement, the Community gives financial encouragement, as part of the fishing agreements it has concluded with developing countries, to the latters' participation in the RFOs concerned.
3.2. Obligations arising from participation in RFOs
There are five types of obligations:
- representing the interests of the Community;
- making a financial contribution to the budget and work of the RFOs;
- participating in the work of the RFOs;
- transposing recommendations;
- implementing the conservation and management measures adopted.
3.2.1. Representing the interests of the Community
Under Article 300 of the Treaty, the Community is represented by the Commission. Where the Community participates in setting up new regional fisheries organisations or becomes a member of a new one, the Commission negotiates on its behalf under Council negotiating directives and in consultation with a committee specially appointed by the Council.
Once these organisations are in place or where the Community becomes a member, the Commission represents the Community interests within them and is answerable to them and to the other contracting parties for any undertakings the Community may have given. The Commission defends the consistency of its various policies within the RFOs.
3.2.2. Contribution to the budget
The majority of the RFOs have a separate budget made up of contributions from the contracting parties, which are calculated using various criteria (catches, economic status of the states). The budgets of some RFOs are increasing at present to cover the costs of administration and to fund scientific research programmes as a result of the developing role of RFOs in the international arena. The budgets of established organisations by contrast are stabilising. Participating in the work of the RFOs also involves costs arising from working groups which to a greater or lesser extent are exceptional .
The contribution to the RFOs for the Community comes out of the Community budget. Appropriations currently available for this purpose total ECU 3.7 million. They should be adjusted as needs change and in relation to the increasing powers of certain RFOs.
The participation of the Community in this area must satisfy the same rules of exclusive competence as apply to other activities of the RFOs both as regards determining the Community position in relation to the budget of each organisation and as regards the exercise of voting rights.
The Commission must ensure also that funds allocated to the RFOs are used properly especially in the case of transactions for the financing or part-financing of special projects for which audit requirements must be specified.
3.2.3. Participation in the work of the RFOs
Where the Community participates as a contracting party in full meetings of the RFOs, the Commission negotiates, speaks and votes on its behalf in accordance with the 'Community positions' drawn up by the Council on the basis of Commission proposals. To ensure the consistency of the Community approach within the various RFOs, the Commission draws up proposals for common positions on each of the issues dealt with and ensures that the Community's international commitments in the other international forums are respected.
Experts from the Member States accompany the Commission on the spot and permanent contact is maintained with them through coordination meetings on site to develop the common positions further and adjust them, if necessary, where unforeseen events occur.
In addition to participating in full meetings of the RFOs, the Commission takes part also in the work of RFO subsidiary bodies and working groups. Lastly, it must see to it that scientific advisers take part directly in meetings or that scientists from the Member States attend.
3.2.4. Transposing of recommendations
Where no objections are raised, instruments (recommendations) adopted by a RFO in which the Community participates must be complied with by it as soon as they become binding under the rules of that RFO.
To be effective against operators, these instruments must be incorporated into the Community legal order.
3.2.5. Application of the conservation and management measures
The Commission ensures that the Member States apply the recommendations uniformly and effectively.
Within the Community legal framework, the application of conservation and management measures adopted by the RFOs is a matter for the Member States which are required to apply them once they have been transposed into Community law in the same way as measures adopted for the management of internal resources. For example, the same mechanisms apply to the management of quotas as to management of quotas in Community waters (collection of catch data, closed season, etc.). The same applies in the case of fishing by Community vessels on the high seas.
4. Mutual cooperation between the Commission and the Member States in the sharing out of tasks
The expanding powers of the RFOs imply an increase in the Community's capacity for representation, in the number of recommendations to be transposed and in the obligations to be met in transmitting data and in undertaking inspection and enforcement.
To reconcile international obligations with the constraints on budgetary and human resources facing the Community institutions, the respective tasks of the Commission and the Member States need to be defined more clearly, with the Commission concentrating once again on its original mission and without calling into question the definition of the Community's responsibilities on the international stage.
This shareout of tasks will not in any way alter the fact that the Community is the sole partner in dialogue responsible within the RFOs for safeguarding and managing resources.
4.1. Refocusing the Commission on its original mission
4.1.1. Representing the Community
The Commission represents the Community at RFO meetings and must continue to be present when decisions are taken in order to ensure that the Community position is presented with a single voice. It may not delegate this task to the Member States. It is going to have to continue to be properly represented therefore in the 12 RFOs to which it will belong.
Besides participation in all meetings, representation is going to entail considerable preparatory work, both drafting (preparation of a joint position on agenda items, draft recommendations) and organisation (coordination with the Member States, informal contact with the other contracting parties).
4.1.2. Legislative tasks
There are two reasons why recommendations need to be transposed into the Community legal order: firstly, to establish clear and precise obligations for Community fishermen and, secondly, to spell out at Community level the role of the Member States and the Commission in applying these recommendations.
Recommendations are transposed as Council regulations which are published in the Official Journal of the European Communities.
The regulations mainly concern the adoption of TACs and quotas, technical measures and control arrangements.
The volume of regulations has been growing annually with the rise in the number of recommendations adopted by the organisations and the increase in the number of RFOs in which the Community is involved.
As well as this increase in volume there are time constraints. In order to fulfil its obligations and ensure the legal safety of its fishermen, the Community should implement the recommendations as soon as they take effect, which raises the issue of the procedural deadlines associated with the adoption of Council regulations.
There is a need therefore for an in-depth examination to be undertaken within the Community institutions to simplify and rationalise the transposing of these recommendations into the Community legal order.
One of the ways that could be explored would be for the Council to confer on the Commission the power to adopt regulations implementing final instruments adopted by RFOs to which the Community belongs. The Commission could only act when the instrument had become binding on the Community, in other words where the Community had not raised any objections within the period stipulated in the organisation's regulations.
The Commission would notify the recommendations officially to the Council in advance, as it does now, and to the European Parliament, ensuring in this way that its actions are transparent and to allow the Community to exercise, if necessary, its right to object.
4.2. Sharing out the tasks of collecting and managing data
4.2.1. Transmission of data
Each contracting party is required to forward a number of reports on the activities of its fleet to the RFOs so that they can administer the conservation and management measures adopted. These reports are of various kinds and include data on catches and fishing effort, lists of vessels authorised to fish, and statistical and sampling data.
In practice, the Member States collect the data from the vessels and send them to the Commission for forwarding to the RFOs. The Commission acts as an intermediary, therefore, between the RFO and the Member States on the grounds that it represents the Community and is the sole party responsible for performing its obligations. These reports have been proliferating with the Commission in some cases acting simply as a letterbox but nevertheless harnessing considerable human resources.
Two types of data can be envisaged:
- administrative information, and
- statistical data needed for scientific work.
The Commission considers that each Member State should be able to forward statistical data directly by virtue of the obligations of the Community and in so far as it is concerned. The Commission would receive a copy. It would become involved subsequently only if problems arose in transmitting the data or if the reports had to combined at Community level. The transmission of data could be made easier and rationalised using appropriate information technology tools.
The Community would be responsible for ensuring however that the quality and quantity of the data to be collected were uniform in order to ensure their compatibility and respect the principle of equal treatment between Member States.
4.2.2. Participation in technical and scientific committees
The Commission does not have sufficient technical and scientific staff to cover all the RFO committees. Given the breakdown of competences in research, it could therefore be represented at those meetings by Member States' technical or scientific experts who would take on the role of coordinating the Community position. This occurs now at meetings of NAFO and ICCAT scientific advisers. The Commission intervenes later to coordinate the Community policy position in the light of the outcome of the work. This arrangement with the Member States would alleviate the shortage of Commission scientists.
To ensure the transparency of the participation of scientists belonging to Member States' research organisations, the arrangements governing this participation and the dissemination of the resulting reports should be worked out by the Commission and the Council in consultation.
4.3. Inspection and monitoring plans
The obvious counterpart of the responsible and sustainable management of fishery resources is the monitoring of fishing activities. The expanding role of the RFOs has been accompanied by increasingly intractable monitoring difficulties which are making this aspect particularly sensitive. Without undermining the principle of the exclusive competence of the Community in fisheries matters and therefore the role of the Commission, the Member States have primary responsibility for applying the control measures, i.e., in particular, for applying the inspection and monitoring plan under their own enforcement powers as flag state.
This sharing out of roles, formally sanctioned by Regulation (EC) No 2847/93, has been reaffirmed and spelled in detail as part of the amendments to the Regulation reinforcing the monitoring arrangements, adopted by the Council in December 1998, which again establishes the responsibility in principle of flag states over their vessels fishing in international waters or the waters of non-member countries.
NAFO, in particular, has put in place a properly worked out inspection and control plan for which implementation tasks have been shared out between the Commission and the Member States [9]. The Commission is also administering a Community pilot programme for the observation of EU fishing vessels operating in the NAFO area. Lastly, as a way of reinforcing cooperation between the Community and Canada on control, the Commission has for some years been chartering an inspection vessel. A number of Member States have been supporting the Community action in recent years by assigning human and material resources to the inspection plan.
[9] Council Regulation (EEC) No 1956/88 of 9 June 1988 adopting provisions for the application of the scheme of joint international inspection adopted by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation.
Action by the Commission to implement the NAFO inspection plan and the observation plan has included the assignment of two full-time Community inspectors and the ongoing support of staff in Brussels for operational monitoring tasks.
This investment in manpower, which is explained both by the pioneering nature of NAFO and the particularly serious condition of stocks in that area and relations between the Community and Canada in the early 90s cannot be applied, however, for the inspection and observation plans which the other RFOs are going to adopt eventually, just as the NEAFC did in Novembee1998.
According to the general guidelines adopted by the Commission, there is a need in this area for the Commission to concentrate again on its original mission of supervising and coordinating the application of inspection and observation plans by the Member States and to seek to disengage itself from direct monitoring tasks, i.e. from carrying out the plans.
Member States should ensure then that, in line with their responsibility for monitoring, the necessary resources in terms of materials (inspection and surveillance vessels), staffing (inspectors, observers) and financing are put in place to implement these new inspection and control and observation plans. This will entail direct expenditure by the Member States which will not constitute a contribution to the budget of the RFOs.
The Commission could act then on a case-by-case and temporary basis to assist the introduction of new policies and new inspection and control and observation plans, on the understanding that these tasks would be taken over gradually by the Member States. The Commission could also respond to exceptional situations, for example, by chartering an inspection vessel.
5. Conclusion
The intention expressed by the Community of playing a more prominent role on the international stage reaffirms, as far as fisheries and more especially the management of fish stocks on the high seas are concerned, the undertakings the Community gave when ratifying the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the other international legal instruments supplementing it. It will require:
- the high-profile and necessary presence and active participation of the Community in the regional fisheries organisations, in line with its exclusive competence for external fisheries relations;
- the assignment by the Commission and the Member States of the human and material resources needed for effective participation in the work of the RFOs;
- the introduction of arrangements for transposing the RFO recommendations which are both effective and transparent;
- the establishment of close and properly understood cooperation between the Commission and the Member States based on the Commission concentrating again on its original mission, i.e. of representation to defend the interests of the Union and its fishermen, together with legislative tasks;
- the Member States to take on responsibility for monitoring, both financially and in terms of material and human resources, with NAFO being the only exceptional case which should not exist and must be terminated speedily.
LIST of REGIONAL FISHERIES ORGANISATIONS
in respect of which the Community is a contracting party or holds observer status
Community participation in regional fisheries organisations
Title I A2, A4, A5 and A7
- International fisheries organisations to which the European Community is a contracting party:
Council Decision of 4 September 1981 on the conclusion of the Convention on the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources (Official Journal L 252 of 5 September 1981) (CCAMLR).
Council Decision of 13 December 1982 on the Convention for the Conservation of Salmon in the North Atlantic Ocean (Official Journal L 378 of 31 December 1982, p. 24) (NASCO).
Council Decision of 25 July 1983 on the accession of the Community to the Convention on fishing and conservation of the living resources in the Baltic Sea and the Belts (Official Journal L 237 of 26 August 1983, p. 4) (IBSFC).
Council Decision of 9 June 1986 on the accession of the Community to the International Convention for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas, as amended by the Protocol annexed to the Final Act of the Conference of Plenipotentiaries of the States Parties to the Convention signed in Paris on 10 July 1984 (Official Journal L 162 of 18 June 1986, p. 33) (ICCAT).
Council Decision of 13 July 1981 concerning the conclusion of the Convention on Future Multilateral Cooperation in the Northeast Atlantic Fisheries (Official Journal L 227 of 12 August 1981, p. 21) (NEAFC).
United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO).
Council Regulation (EEC) No 3179/78 of 28 December 1978 concerning the conclusion by the European Economic Community of the Convention on Future Multilateral Cooperation in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (Official Journal L 378 of 30 December 1978, p. 1) (NAFO).
Council Decision of 18 September 1995 on the accession of the Community to the Agreement for the establishment of the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (Official Journal L 236 of 5 October 1995, p. 24) (IOTC).
Council Decision 98/416/EC of 16 June 1998 on the accession of the European Community to the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (Official Journal L 190 of 4 July 1998, p. 34) (GFCM).
Preparatory work carried out by the new international fisheries organisations (IATTC, SEAFO, etc.); international fisheries organisations in which the Community has observer status (ICES, IWC, OECD).
Council Regulation (EEC) No 1956/88 of 9 June 1988 adopting provisions for the application of the scheme of joint international inspection adopted by the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (Official Journal L 175 of 6 July 1988, p. 1), as last amended by Council Regulation (EEC) No 436/92 (Official Journal L 54 of 28 February 1992, p. 1).
Council Regulation (EC) No 3069/95 of 21 December 1995 establishing a European Community observer scheme applicable to Community fishing vessels operating in the Regulatory Area of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (Official Journal L 329 of 30 December 1995, p. 5).
4.1 General objective
The acquittal of the exclusive competence conferred on it in matters of fisheries policy requires the Community inter alia to be a contracting party to a growing number of regional fisheries organisations, the activities of which are continually expanding.
The Community is currently a contracting party to ten regional fisheries organisations and has observer status with two further such organisations. The high profile of the Community in this arena is fuelled by its desire to play an active role in laying down measures for the conservation and management of the resources exploited by its fleets. These measures have a twofold aim: to guarantee equal treatment for the interests of countries engaging in distant-water fishing and those of countries specialising in coastal fishing, and to promote consistency in the principles espoused by the various regional fisheries organisations (allowing for the different goals of each organisation).
Participating in the regional fisheries organisations entails the following responsibilities:
- representing the interests of the Community (Part A of the budget): the Commission represents the Community in the meetings of the regional fisheries organisations and must be present at meetings where important decisions are taken in order to put forward the common position of the Community Member States. The Commission also undertakes the preparatory work for such meetings, which includes both drawing up documents and organising the relevant discussions/meetings.
- making a financial contribution both to the budget of the organisations and in support of their work (Heading B7-8001)
- participating in the work of the organisations (Heading B7-8001): as the Commission does not have sufficient technical and scientific personnel to cover the work done by all the technical and scientific committees of the regional fisheries organisations (and in accordance with the principle of sharing responsibilities for research matters), it is represented on such committees by experts from the Member States.
- transposing the recommendations into Community law (Part A of the budget): this is the responsibility of the Commission and has a dual purpose: to lay down precisely the obligations of the Community fishing fleets and to clarify the respective roles to be played by the Member States and the Commission in implementing the recommendations.
Transposing the recommendations entails adopting the appropriate Council Regulations and publishing them in the Official Journal of the European Communities.
- enforcing the conservation and resource management measures adopted (Heading B2-902)
4.2 Period covered and arrangements for renewal.
The operation is to run for an indefinite period.
5.1 Compulsory expenditure: B7-8001
Non-compulsory expenditure: Part A
5.2 Differentiated appropriations: B7-8001
Non-differentiated appropriations: partie A
5.3 Type of revenue involved: none
- B7-8001: 100% subsidy
- B2-902: 100% loan
- Part A: 100% loan
7.1 Calculation method for cost of operation (link between individual costs and total cost)
7.2 Itemised cost breakdown
Commitment appropriations EUR million (at current prices)
7.3 Operational expenditure for studies, experts etc. included in Part B of the budget
Commitment appropriations EUR million (to the third decimal place)
7.4 Schedule of commitment and payment appropriations
Commitment appropriations EUR million
In the agreements it has concluded within the international fisheries organisations, the Commission has negotiated an audit clause in respect of the implementation of certain schemes/projects.
9.1 Specific and quantified objectives; target population
- Specific objectives: active Community participation in international fisheries organisations responsible for the long-term conservation and sustainable exploitation of deep sea marine resources.
- Target population: - International fisheries organisations to which the Community is a contracting party or in which it has observer status (IOTC, CCAMLR, GFCM, FAO, IBSFC, ICES, IWC, NAFO, NASCO, NEAFC, ICCAT, SEAFO).
- High-seas fishing fleet.
9.2 Grounds for the operation
- Need for Community financial assistance, with particular regard for the principle of subsidiarity. In accordance with the exclusive competence it holds in fisheries policy matters, the Community is responsible for dealings with non-Community countries and for maintaining a presence within international organisations, in order to defend the interests of the Community fleet and manifest its commitment to the conservation of resources.
9.3 Monitoring and evaluation of the programme
Every year the international fisheries organisations submit their draft budgets to each of their contracting parties. This gives the Commission the opportunity to scrutinise and check them and give its opinion. The execution of these budgets is also scrutinised every year by the contracting parties.
In addition, the Commission negotiates audit clauses with the international organisations in respect of the implementation of certain schemes/projects part-financed by the European Community.
These clauses enable the Commission to control the implementation of the operations for which it is providing part-financing by means both of documentary checks and inspections on the ground.
10.1 Impact in terms of posts
The actual mobilisation of the necessary administrative resources will depend on the Commission's annual decision on the allocation of resources, taking particular account of the number of staff and additional amounts already authorised by the budgetary authority.
If additional resources are required, indicate the rate at which they will have to be made available:
From 2000: 1 x grade A; 1 x national expert; 1 x grade B
From 2001: 2 x grade A; 1 x grade A auxiliary post; 1 x grade B
10.2 Overall financial impact of additional human resources
10.3 Increase in other administrative expenditure as a result of the operation, in particular the cost of meetings of committees and expert groups
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Swimming In Molten Steel: Terminator 2 Cake
You remember watching 'Terminator 2' for the first time, when, after finally defeating the T-1000, the original (Schwarzenegger) Terminator sacrifices himself in the same vat of molten steel so his technology can't be used to create Skynet? I do -- like it was yesterday. I was so f***ing excited I stood up and started cheering in the theater. Then tore my shirt off and swung it around over my head like a pillowcase full of cat turds yelling, 'THIS THEATER'S POPCORN TASTES LIKE BURNT, BUTTERED @$$HOLES!" Then I hid in the bathroom feigning diarrhea for 45-minutes before sneaking into a 'Point Break' matinee. Double feature FTW!
Terminator 2 Cake [buzzfeed]
Thanks to Christopher, who refuses to eat any piece of cake that may have come in contact with an action figure. Oh come on -- it's not like some guy had the toy down his pants. Right? Right?! *scraping tongue with napkin*
This is a Pokemon cake and 151 original character figurines made for someone's special day. And by special day I mean marriage, just so we're not confused (in my mind you were thinking high school graduation). People were literally FIGHTING over getting their favorite pokemon... / Continue →
This is the cake that Chris Holmes used to resign from his job at the Stansted Airport so he could pursue his true passion -- making cakes. He has really nice penmanship (technically icing-bagmanship). Unlike Chris, when I quit a job I don't give my coworkers some tasty treat... / Continue →
Because Easter is right around the corner (and hiding there with a scary bunny mask on), here's a Mario and piranha plant made entirely out of marshmallow Peep 'pixels' by one of Redditor MrSteveB's friends. Did anybody else not know they make grass-green Peeps now? Or were t... / Continue →


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Q3 – 15:00: After winning the opening coin toss and deferring possession, the Broncos will get the ball first here in the second half. One injury update for the Raiders — rookie TE Brandon Myers has a concussion and has been declared out for the rest of the game.
Q3 – 14:59: Janikowski's kickoff sails out of the end zone, and for the fourth consecutive drive, the Broncos will start at their own 20-yard line.
Q3 – 13:59: Knowshon Moreno takes the first-down handoff on a sweep right, but finds no room and is stopped for no gain. On second down, Orton finds Tony Scheffler for his first catch of the afternoon — a 9-yard pickup. Facing 3rd and short, Orton takes the QB sneak past the marker for a first down.
Q3 – 12:18: At their own 30-yard line, Orton hands off to Moreno, who stumbles forward for a 1-yard gain. He goes back to the pass on second down, finding Moreno in the flat for a 6-yard gain before a tackle by Raiders LB Kirk Morrison. On 3rd and 3, Brandon Stokley makes a diving catch in the left flat for four yards and the first down.
Q3 – 11:38: LaMont Jordan spells Moreno, finding a fresh hole in the left side for a 13-yard gain and another first down.
Q3 – 10:59: Orton continues the offense's rhythm, finding Eddie Royal in an open seam for 13 yards and another first down in Oakland territory.
Q3 – 10:20: Moreno gets back in the action, but is stopped by Oakland DE Matt Shaughnessy after no gain. Out of the shotgun, Orton looks for Jabar Gaffney, but after seeing the coverage, throws it out of bounds. On a 3rd and 10 from the Oakland 33-yard line, Orton throws the fade to Gaffney but the ball sails long. Gaffney, Head Coach Josh McDaniels and the crowd fight for the pass interference flag, but the officials rule it clean coverage by Raiders CB Chris Johnson.
Q3 – 10:07: Facing fourth down, Matt Prater continues his perfect day on field goals, connecting from 51 yards out to close the Oakland gap. He has converted all three attempts.
Raiders 13, Broncos 9
Q3 – 10:06: Prater adds to his strong day on the kickoff, as Raiders RB Gary Russell takes a knee for the touchback. Oakland will get its first offensive possession at the 20-yard line.
Q3 – 9:10: With two tight ends in on first down, Oakland goes to RB Michael Bush, who is wrapped up quickly by D.J. Williams after a 1-yard gain. With T Erik Pears reporting as eligible, Charlie Frye fires a swing pass in the left flat to Bush. He finds running room and picks up a first down after an 11-yard gain.
Q3 – 7:56: Working from his own 32-yard line, Bush barrels forward for three yards on first down, before being stopped by Ryan McBean. Out of the I-formation on second down, Darren McFadden takes the pitch right, finding a seam for nine yards and another first down. There is an injured Bronco on the play and it looks to be CB Champ Bailey.
*Q3 – 7:56: Flanked by trainers, Bailey walks off the field on his own power and appears to be okay.
Q3 – 7:31: On the ensuing play, D.J. Williams forces a fumble on Darren McFadden, which is recovered by Tony Carter. The Broncos take over at midfield.
Q3 – 6:44: After a 4-yard loss by Moreno on first down, Orton completes a pass to Daniel Graham. Raiders CB Stanford Routt is called for an illegal contact penalty, pushing the Broncos five yards ahead and resulting in a first down.
Q3 – 5:55: With a 1st-and-10 at the Oakland 49-yard line, Moreno picks up a modest gain of four yards on first down. Orton goes back to the pass on second down, finding Brandon Marshall on a quick hook. He snags the ball with one hand and picks up seven yards for the first down.
Q3 – 4:50: Orton goes back to the well, finding Marshall 19 yards over the middle of the field for another first down. The Broncos are again in the red zone.
Q3 – 4:39: Flushed out of the pocket, Orton scrambles on first down and eludes pressure for a 9-yard run. There is a stoppage of play as Raiders DT Tommy Kelly is being attended to by his team's trainers.
*Q3 – 4:39: Kelly walks off the field on his own power, and the Broncos will have a 2nd-and-1 from the Raiders' 10-yard line.
Q3 – 3:55: Out of the pause, LaMont Jordan enters and picks up four yards on the carry for the first down. With a 1st-and-goal in hand, Orton looks for Daniel Graham in the end zone but the pass lands incomplete.
Q3 – 3:48: Orton goes right back to the end zone on the next play, finding Marshall for a 6-yard touchdown reception. Some pushing and shoving breaks out between the two clubs, before Prater tacks on the extra point. The Broncos have regained the lead.
Broncos 16, Raiders 13
Q3 – 3:40: Prater's line drive kickoff is returned by Gary Russell for 21 yards. But holding is called on Raiders FB Luke Lawton, backing Oakland up to its own 11-yard line. That's where the Raiders will take over.
Q3 – 3:10: Michael Bush gets the first-down call, rumbling off left tackle for 18 yards and a Raiders first down.
Q3 – 2:15: Bush goes back to that side, breaking a series of tackles for a 40-yard gain. The Raiders have a first down at the Denver 31-yard line.
Q3 – 1:48: Oakland continues its ground attack, as Darren McFadden hits the same left side for 28 yards to set up first-and-goal. Andre' Goodman made the touchdown-saving tackle.
Q3 – 0:28: At the 3-yard line, Bush picks up one yard on first down. Oakland goes back to Bush on second down, but he is stopped inside the 1-yard line by Brian Dawkins. With a big third down forthcoming, the Broncos call their first timeout of the second half.
Q3 – 0:00: Oakland goes back to Bush, but the Broncos defense makes a stand. Andra Davis stops him for a 2-yard loss, signaling the end of the third quarter. Oakland will have a 4th-and-goal from the 3-yard line to start the fourth quarter.
END OF THIRD QUARTER: Broncos 16, Raiders 13
Q4 – 14:55: Oakland brings in its offense for the fourth-down try. McFadden takes the pitch, but he is stopped short of the end zone by the tandem of Mario Haggan and Andra Davis. The Broncos take over on downs at their own 1-yard line.
Q4 – 13:28: Moreno tries to give the Broncos some breathing room, but is stopped for no gain. Working out of the end zone, Orton hits Marshall for nine yards to set up a 3rd-and-1 try. In a heavy set with LaMont Jordan and Spencer Larsen in the backfield, Orton goes for the QB sneak. The officials call for a measurement, and he is stopped short, forcing the punting team to come in.
Q4 – 13:08: Mitch Berger enters for the punt, with Raiders WR Johnnie Lee Higgins back deep to receive. Berger backs Higgins up inside his 30-yard line with a stellar 64-yard kick. Higgins returns it 14 yards to the Raiders' 40-yard line.
Q4 – 11:28: Frye pitches to McFadden on first down, who picks up six yards before Champ Bailey stops him. With T Erik Pears reporting as an eligible receiver, the Raiders change pace with Bush, who picks up three yards. Facing 3rd and 1, Frye gives to Bush, who scurries past the marker for a first down.
Q4 – 10:59: Pears is again eligible on first down, but Frye gets no time to escape the rush of Andra Davis. Davis deflects Frye's pass and drives him to the ground, resulting in an incomplete pass. The Raiders QB is shaken up on the play, and the training staff has come out to attend to him.
*Q4 – 10:59: Frye leaves the field and backup JaMarcus Russell is now in at quarterback.
Q4 – 10:06: McFadden takes the first-down carry from Russell, but flags fly for an illegal motion penalty on Raiders WR Chaz Schilens. Oakland is backed into a 2nd-and-15 at its own 47-yard line. Bush takes the carry but slips and falls after a 3-yard gain to midfield.
*Q4 – 10:06: Facing 3rd and 12 at midfield, Oakland has called its first timeout of the half.
Q4 – 9:51: An injury update for the Broncos — CB Tony Carter (cramp) is probable to return. Russell looks for rookie Louis Murphy down the left sideline. He traps the ball and it is called an incomplete pass. Murphy costs the Raiders five yards for spiking the ball after the play was dead, backing Oakland into a 4th-and-17 on their own 45-yard line.
Q4 – 9:35: Shane Lechler's 47-yard punt is fielded by rookie Kenny McKinley and returned 11 yards to the 19-yard line. A Raiders injury update — QB Charlie Frye (head) is questionable to return.
Q4 – 8:55: Sporting four wide on first down, Knowshon Moreno is wrapped up by Kirk Morrison for a 1-yard loss. On second and long, Orton lines up in the shotgun and hits Moreno in the flat for a 12-yard gain and a Broncos first down.
Q4 – 7:26: A Broncos injury update — Eddie Royal (neck) is questionable to return. Jordan gives Moreno a breather, but is stopped for a 1-yard loss on the first-down run. Facing 2nd and 11 from their own 29, Orton works with Jordan as the lone setback. He finds Marshall on a short crossing route for a 3-yard gain.
Q4 – 7:10: On the 3rd-and-7 attempt, Brandon Stokley goes in motion. He finds a seam in the middle of the defense and breaks away for a 63-yard gain. Raiders CB Stanford Routt is called for a horse collar tackle, pushing the Broncos to a 1st-and-goal at the Oakland 2-yard line.
Q4 – 6:53: After an incomplete pass to Scheffler by Orton, there is a stoppage of play and the referee is communicating with officials upstairs. We are unsure what caused it, but television cameras are pointing to the crowd.
*Q4 – 6:53: The officials have signaled the players back to the line of scrimmage. Denver has a 2nd-and-goal at the Oakland 2-yard line.
Q4 – 5:54: Moreno tries the right side, but the Raiders' defensive wall causes him to lose a yard. Orton tries a fade in the left corner of the end zone on third down, but Thomas Howard breaks up the pass. Matt Prater comes in for a 21-yard field goal attempt and nails it, moving to 4-for-4 on his attempts this afternoon.
Broncos 19, Raiders 13
Q4 – 5:48: Prater's kickoff is taken at the foot of the goal line by Gary Russell. He is stopped at the 21-yard line by rookie Alphonso Smith. That's where JaMarcus Russell and the Raiders will take over.
Q4 – 4:35: Bush takes the carry four yards off left guard, before being stopped by Ryan McBean. Facing 2nd and 6 from their own 25-yard line, Oakland opts to pass, as Russell completes to Chaz Schilens. He is wrapped up by the duo of Dawkins and Goodman, setting up a 3rd-and-2 at the 29-yard line.
Q4 – 3:59: Out of the shotgun, Russell found Bush out of the backfield, but he bobbled the ball and lost control of it for an incomplete pass. Lechler comes in to punt, and the ball is fielded by rookie Kenny McKinley. He returns the 54-yard kick to the 24-yard line. Orton and the offense will take over from there.
Q4 – 3:52: Moreno is stopped for no gain on first down, prompting Oakland to use its second timeout of the second half.
Q4 – 3:46:Appearing to have time to throw, the pocket collapses and Orton is sacked by Greg Ellis for a 9-yard loss. Oakland uses its final timeout and Denver will have a 3rd-and-19 from its own 15 when play resumes.
Q4 – 3:29: On the third-and-long, Orton looks for Jordan out of the backfield. Feeling pressure from Richard Seymour, he fires incomplete, forcing the punt. Berger's 59-yard kick sends Higgins back near his 25-yard line. He is stopped by Josh Barrett at the 37 after a 12-yard return on the punt.
Q4 – 2:38: With Russell in at QB, he loses the football at the hands of Vonnie Holliday. The ball is recovered by the Raiders, but after a 13-yard loss. Facing 2nd and 23, Russell looks for Murphy. The ball falls incomplete, but Andre' Goodman is flagged for pass interference, propelling the Raiders into Denver territory at the 43-yard line.
Q4 – 2:26: Facing pressure on first down, Russell's pass is deflected at the line by the tandem of Holliday and rookie Robert Ayers. With a second-and-long, Russell works out of the shotgun. Looking for Murphy, the pass is broken up by rookie Alphonso Smith and Russell is down on the play. Oakland's training staff is out to take a look.
*Q4 – 2:26: Russell exits the field and recently-signed third QB J.P. Losman is in behind center for a crucial third down.
Q4 – 2:00: Holliday brings pressure and forces the Losman incompletion. Russell is back in at quarterback, and the Raiders will go for it on 4th and 10 at the Denver 43-yard line. He completes to TE Tony Stewart, who lunges for an 11-yard gain and a first down. That brings us to the two-minute warning, as Oakland will get a new set of downs from the Denver 32.
Q4 – 0:59: On first down, Russell goes back to Stewart over the middle for a 9-yard gain. Out of timeouts, Russell works out of the gun on 2nd and short, hitting Schilens at the 10-yard line for 13 yards and another Raiders first down. The Broncos will talk things over, using their second timeout of the half.
Q4 – 0:30: Russell looks for Chaz Schilens on a quick post, but the ball is thrown slightly behind him, resulting in an incomplete pass. Facing 2nd and goal from the 10, Russell eludes pressure and completes to Schilens at the 5-yard line. Wesley Woodyard is whistled for illegal contact, giving the Raiders a new set of downs at the 5-yard line.
Q4 – *0:30: The clock kept running after the completion, sending referee Alberto Riveron to the viewing booth to find out the correct time.
Q4 – **0:30: Riveron rules that the clock be reset to 45 seconds. Before the Raiders get a play off, T Cornell Green is whistled for a false start, backing Oakland to the Denver 10-yard line.
Q4 – 0:35:After an incomplete pass on first down, Russell takes a three-step drop and hits Schilens for a 10-yard touchdown. Janikowski's extra point is good and Oakland has regained the lead.
Raiders 20, Broncos 19
Q4 – 0:29: Janikowski's kick is fielded and returned by Kenny McKinley to the 22-yard line. The Broncos offense will start from there.
Q4 – 0:13: Greg Ellis forces a fumble on Orton, which is recovered by Tyler Polumbus at the 15-yard line. After the 7-yard loss, the Broncos use their final timeout of the game. On 2nd-and-17, Orton looks for Moreno in the flat, but the ball falls incomplete. Backed into 3rd and long, Orton looks for Marshall over the middle of the field. But Michael Huff breaks up the pass, setting up fourth and long.
Q4 – 0:00: Attempting the desperation heave, Orton completes to Scheffler for a 39-yard gain. He races his line downfield to try and spike the ball, but time runs out.
FINAL: Raiders 20, Broncos 19


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Taylor Motor Company Ford Models Video
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Intro to Firefighting Annual Report Performance Measures SAFD History Hall of Chiefs Photo Gallery Tell Us What You Think
Physical Activity
Regular physical activity is important for your overall health and well-being. Include activities that you enjoy and can easily fit into your daily routine—such as walking your dog, working in your garden, or riding your bike. Being active for 30-60 minutes on most days can help you build strength and fitness, relax and reduce stress, gain more energy, and improve your sleep. These benefits all add up to decreasing your risk of heart disease and other conditions, such as colon cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, and high blood pressure.


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3D- Frozen
Presented in 3D Digital Projection! Fearless optimist Anna sets off on an epic journey-teaming up with rugged mountain man Kristoff and his loyal reindeer Sven-to find her sister Elsa, whose icy powers have trapped the kingdom of Arendelle in eternal winter. Encountering Everest-like conditions, mystical trolls and a hilarious snowman named Olaf, Anna and Kristoff battle the elements in a race to save the kingdom.
Kristen Bell, Idina Menzel, Jonathan Groff, Josh Gad, Santino Fontana
Official Movie Site:
Rated PG for some action and mild rude humor
Release Date:


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UNCWelcome 2013 - Welcome to Seahawk Country!
Click on the image above to see the full listing of events for UNCWelcome! (PDF)
If you need assistance reading this booklet, please contact the CAIC office at 910-962-3553.
Here are a few highlights from this year's UNCWelcome program!
Saturday, August 17th
8 p.m.
Welcome Program and Hilarious Hypnotist: Brian Imbus
Trask Coliseum
We are excited that you have joined our campus community! Our student leaders will energetically welcome you as you settle into your new life as a Seahawk. Stay to witness hypnotist Brian Imbus entertain, delight and make your sides split with laughter as you watch your friends on stage under the spell of hypnosis.This dynamic and fast-paced show is unlike anything you've seen before!
Sunday, August 18th
7 p.m.
SEAHAWK NATION with Jessica Pettit
Burney Center Ballroom
One of the core issues we face is our fear of being judged and misunderstood and the fear that we have the power to make a difference. This fear can prevent us from taking meaningful action. This engaging and interactive session teaches effective and compassionate ways to connect with your fellow Seahawks and how you can have a positive impact on UNCW and the global community. Seahawk Nation is an honest and engaging program that will help create our own Seahawk Nation at UNCW.
Monday, August 19th
10 a.m. - 12 p.m.
Convocation and Class Picture
Trask Coliseum
Convocation is UNCW's official academic welcome for the Class of 2017.First-year students will receive small-group assignments by email from the Office of Transition Programs to let them know where to report by 10 a.m.Faculty members will be there to welcome the groups and offer their perspectives on academic success at UNCW. After the small-group meetings, students will proceed to the clock tower for the unveiling of the Class of 2017 flag, a class photo and the beginning of their first "Trask Trek." At Trask Coliseum, the formal ceremony will begin with a welcome by the provost and comments by Chancellor Gary Miller. Dr. Drew Rosen, professor in Information Systems and Operations Management, will be the featured speaker. Returning student leaders will be available throughout the morning to provide guidance and answer questions.
Monday, August 19
2:00 - 4:00 p.m.
Join a UNCW music ensemble
Department of Music Ensemble Fair
Cultural Arts Building lobby
Get to know our ensemble directors and students, and learn how to use your musical talents in college to earn University Studies credit by participating in our award-winning student music ensembles. Our wide variety of ensembles provides you with an opportunity to participate in campus life outside of your academic curriculum, connect with a large community of students who share your love of music, and enjoy extensive performance opportunities with internationally recognized faculty artists.
Membership in ensembles is open to any UNCW student who has had instrumental or vocal experience. University Studies credit (up to three semester hours) may be received by enrolling in in one or more of the following ensembles: Concert Choir, Jazz Ensembles, Orchestra, String Ensemble, and Wind Symphony. Students enrolled in the following ensembles receive one academic credit per ensemble: Chamber Choir, Chamber Winds, Jazz Combos, Pep Band, and other chamber ensembles. Placement auditions are held during the first week of classes in our beautiful Cultural Arts Building.
For more information or if you want to register for an ensemble but can't make it to the Ensemble Fair, visit www.uncw.edu/music, call the Department of Music at 910.962.3415 or send us an email at email@example.com.
Monday, August 19th
6 - 9 p.m.
Rock the Rec!
Student Recreation Center
Join the Department of Campus Recreation along with CARE, CROSSROADS, Health Promotion and your fellow Seahawks for a night of free food, great music and inflatable games as we "Rock the Rec!" Events include group exercise classes, a bungee trampoline, climbing-wall access and so much more! Campus Recreation staff will be available to answer your recreational questions and give facility tours of the new recreation center. Make sure you bring your student ID, and wear your workout clothes and shoes so you can try out the equipment.
Tuesday, August 20th
11 a.m. - 3 p.m.
Beach Blast
Wrightsville Beach Crystal Pier (near the Oceanic Restaurant)
Grab your bathing suit and towel because the Seahawks are heading to the
beach! There will be free music and a chance to learn how to surf along with
the opportunity to meet local vendors in Wilmington. Important Beach Blast info:
- Shuttles leave from Lot FF (beside Wagoner Hall) from 11 a.m. until 1:30 p.m. (no further shuttles will take students from campus to the beach.)
- The last shuttle leaves the beach to bring students back to campus at 3:30 p.m. SHARP, so don't miss it!
- You must bring your UNCW student ID to ride the shuttles, to participate in any of the activities or get free food at the beach.
- Bring bottles of water, food and sunscreen.
Wednesday, August 21st
8 p.m.
Fireworks Extravaganza
Gazebo Recreation Area
Come celebrate the first day of classes Seahawk style! Bring a chair or blanket and listen to live music played by Baltimore's favorite rock band with punk energy and pop reggae grooves, Ballyhoo!Graba seat on the lawn to enjoya spectacular fireworks display that starts at 9 p.m. Sponsored by the Association for Campus Entertainment, Housing and Residence Life and the Residence Hall Association.
In the event of rain, the fireworks will be cancelled and the concert and refreshments will be moved to the Warwick Center Ballroom.
Thank you to our sponsors who made this year's program possible!


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Alcoa's Massena Operations is the longest continually operating aluminum facility in the world, serving customers in the automotive, transportation, aerospace and industrial distribution markets. Currently employing approximately 1,100 people, Massena Operations is the largest private employer north of Syracuse, contributing $340 million annually to the local economic in payroll, local purchases and tax payments and supporting dozens of community programs and events each year.
At its Massena facility, Alcoa operates an integrated aluminum smelting/fabricating facility and a smelting/casthouse facility. Electrical power is purchased through a long-term contract with the New York Power Authority. The two smelters produce a combined total of 252,000 metric tons of molten aluminum per year.
Massena Alcoans share Alcoa's vision and determination to be the best aluminum company in the world. For more than a century we have been producing aluminum with a pride and commitment that has made Massena Operations an industry leader and earned us recognition for our superior quality and safety efforts. We are an ISO 9002 and QS 9000 manufacturing quality certified supplier.


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This Melissa & Doug alphabet puzzle pronounces each letter when a piece is placed in the correct spot, making it a great way to build valuable language skills. In multi.
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