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WHEELING, W.Va. -- Martinsburg has brought a lot of great skill-position players to the Super Six in recent years, but the Bulldogs took an entirely different route on Saturday afternoon.
This time, they won a championship with defense.
Martinsburg held top-ranked Huntington to 95 yards of total offense and turned aside a late scoring chance by the Highlanders to secure a 9-7 victory in the Class AAA title game at sunny but chilly Wheeling Island Stadium.
It marked the fourth straight crown for the Bulldogs (13-1), a first for the AAA division that began in 1958.
Huntington ended the regular season with the state's top defense as far as fewest points allowed, and put on another defensive show Saturday. But Martinsburg upstaged the previously unbeaten Highlanders on the state's biggest stage, holding them to a single first down in the first half and making 12 tackles for losses.
The No. 2 Bulldogs also blocked a second-quarter punt out of the end zone for a safety for the game's first points.
"We tried to give it away there at the end,'' said Martinsburg coach Dave Walker, "but it was No. 1 and No. 2 and it came down to the wire. I'm just very happy and very blessed we were able to come out on top.''
Huntington (13-1) used two major penalties against the Bulldogs to cap an 80-yard drive for its only touchdown, a 2-yard Paden Christian run with 5:51 left in the game, making it 9-7.
The next time the Highlanders had the ball, they punted it away, but Eric Mitchell muffed the return for Martinsburg and Johnathan Spence recovered, giving Huntington possession at the Bulldogs 42 with 2:51 remaining.
However, just as it had nearly all day long, Martinsburg rose up and denied Huntington with its defense.
Tanner Lewis made a superb tackle on shifty Nick Tubbs in the open field on a reverse, resulting in a 7-yard loss. On third-and-13, Malik Cobb sacked Clark Wilson for minus-12 yards and Eric Mitchell batted down Wilson's desperation fourth-down pass to seal it in the final minute.
Many of Martinsburg's players took notice of Huntington's reputation as the state's No. 1 defense and apparently wanted to set the record straight.
"We took that,'' said senior lineman Eric Davis. "We just took it from them. We showed them today that we're the No. 1 defense in the state. We got tired about hearing Huntington was the No. 1 defense in the state, and we just took it. No, we earned it -- we didn't take it.''
Over the last three seasons, Martinsburg claimed state titles largely because of a potent offense, one that averaged 34.3 points in its Super Six wins from 2010-12. But on Saturday, defense reigned on both sides.
The Bulldogs intercepted one Wilson pass and nearly picked off two others, holding Huntington to an 0-of-7 effort through the air and 95 yards on 50 rushing plays.
That was fortuitous, because Martinsburg didn't supply much offense itself after taking a 9-0 halftime lead.
The Bulldogs didn't register a single first down on their four second-half possessions, the first three of which were three-and-outs and the last resulted in three kneel-downs by Malique Watkins to run out the clock.
In fact, Martinsburg had minus-32 yards of offense following halftime.


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Funny Skydive "Parachute Landing Fall" Expert. Pixel graphic.
This great product in black from our department Women and T-Shirt category can be printed just for you in the size and style you like. The design PLF Expert was created by EverythingSkydiving and uploaded to Spreadshirt for you to have printed on a T-Shirt. Next to a host of other great designs, you can find this PLF Expert design in Spreadshirt's Miscellaneous category. If you are interested in topics like 4-way or Airplane, then you'll love PLF Expert designs by EverythingSkydiving. Spreadshirt also offers a huge selection of t-shirts, hoodies and accessories for the category Miscellaneous as well as top BASE jumping clothing. EverythingSkydiving's designs have already impressed many of our customers, so we are sure that we've got right stuff for you! Spreadshirt is your address for great designs of all kinds – whether it's 4-way, Airplane or BASE jumping. We are sure that you will find something nice in our shop, there are many amazing Miscellaneous t-shirts, hoodies or accessories for you to find!Tags: Design ID: 10411142
Also EUROPE WEBSITE: http://www.EverythingSkydiving.Net Visit My Shops - Over 100 Skydiving designs that you can customize!
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This slim-fit lightweight cotton jersey t-shirt is stylish and has a contoured fit is designed to flatter your figure. The reinforced shoulder construction maintains shape through repeated washings and the durable double-stitched bottom hem and stretchable cotton collar result in lasting comfort and durability. Extremely soft and smooth to touch. Made from 100% cotton (except for color code heather gray: 90% cotton, 10% polyester), the fabric weight is 4.3 oz.*Please be advised that the measurements that are displayed may vary by 1" or less depending upon size and color selected*


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The Launch of Bio-Kleen: Selecting the Right Media Mix
Packaged goods giant Proctor and Clarke is debuting a new "green" laundry detergent called BioKleen and plans to launch the product with a fairly straight forward (by some measures unoriginal) ad campaign. Given that BioKleen won't have a creative advertising edge, its brand manager needs to find a way to create the most impressions per advertising dollar in order to grab market share. In this case students study the media costs and demographics of broadcast television, print, and Internet to create the optimum mix for reaching the campaign's goals and generating the most impressions per advertising dollar.
Case id: 090210
Contact us by e-mail at Columbia CaseWorks or 212-854-1796.


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What Winged Migration was to birds, Deep Blue is to the ocean: a breathtaking nature documentary cheapened slightly by melodramatic voice-over. In an opening that swells with import, Pierce Brosnan speaks in worshipful tones, informing us that our planet is a blue planet, with far more ocean than land. This fact shouldn't surprise much of anyone, nor should his later revelation that "Storm and rain and wind and cloud churn the seas with their own power." The aim appears to be poetry, though understatement would better suit the genre.
But it doesn't much matter. For all of its turgid self-importance, its anthropocentric theater of classical music and sound effects, Deep Blue is a gorgeous film with scene after scene of incredible footage. Who cares if it doesn't quite have a focus ("the sea" seems awfully broad) and if the writing got a bit out of hand? The point is the footage, and the footage is here.
We open on dolphins. They rise and leap, slice into the water and fall back against it, seemingly in mid-laugh. Later, we return, as one group performs giddy triple and quadruple axels, spinning on their spinal axes as they arc. Can this be anything but joy? Director Alastair Fothergill seems to acknowledge what we all already know: that dolphins are the finest creatures on earth, the smartest and the happiest, and that the best we can do is admire their grandeur.
From there the action moves to a tiny island, where half a million albatross jostle for space to breed in what may be the largest orgy ever recorded. Dip below the surface, and thousands upon thousands of sardines undulate in pulsing schools. "A feeding frenzy ensues." Then it's off to the penguins, whose plight has been widely publicized elsewhere. At breeding time, also known as winter, they walk 100 miles south, when other species are heading north for warmth. There, the males fast (or "starve," according to Brosnan) for more than three months as they protect their young, enduring temperatures as low as 70 degrees below zero and winds of up to 100 miles per hour. As they shuffle across the ice, the penguins are hysterically funny -- such proper clowns, like little Charlie Chaplins -- and then they're terrifically sad, huddled and braced against the weather.
Deep Blue's villains are the orcas, the stunning black-and-white killer whales of movie fame. First, a pair are seen attacking a family of sea lion pups, rising out of the shallow waves near the shore and snapping the wriggling young in their powerful jaws. The whales beat the lion pups against the water and the sand, presumably to kill them. Later, in arctic waters where a 30-ton gray whale has migrated with her calf in search of food, we see the menacing profiles of another orca pair. No, they wouldn't. But they do: For six hours, they hound the calf until it exhausts, succumbing. Moments later, a rush of red rises to the surface.
Deep Blue is full of powerful footage, but its finest segment is also probably its darkest. Down, down, down the camera plunges, into the stomach-dropping depths of the ocean floor, a lonely light shining below. At 15,000 feet, we skirt the Marianas Trench, which drops (gulp) another seven miles below the ocean floor. There's an astonishing bounty of life down there, beyond the sun's reach. Many of the creatures are lit to the gills, pulsing neon up and down their...tentacles? While their transparent skin makes much of these deep-dwellers' physiology visible, it's often hard to say exactly what we're seeing. Is that bulbous, veined thing a lung? It can't be a lung. But it looks like a lung!
Brosnan closes with a sobering thought about the ocean: "Will we exhaust its resources before understanding all its wonders?" First of all, yes. The ocean seems far too vast and mysterious for us to ever understand all of its wonders, no matter how quickly we're killing the planet. A more immediate question is whether the movie needs this final note of doom. Nothing else in Deep Blue hints at environmental degradation, and that is rather a relief. The point is to glory in the ocean's wonders, not to despair over its decline. On the other hand, Deep Blue would seem to provide exactly the kind of educational opportunity required to turn things around. Shouldn't everyone who watches this natural glory -- assembled from 20 cameras in 200 locations and edited from a mind-blowing 7,000 hours of footage -- be reminded that its survival is in our hands?
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Agile, Self-Organization, and Personal Responsibility
Agile, Self-Organization, and Personal Responsibility
17 July 2013
Maria Matarelli
Bevill Edge
"How do I behave when I'm in a situation of shared responsibility but I'm not in charge of the person I'm working with and they're not in charge of me?" Christopher Avery opened his keynote presentation at the Agile Indy 2013 conference with this inquiry. This scenario arises quite frequently in an Agile environment, as we encourage self-organization among teams. We ask people to work differently, to self-organize and share responsibility, but what guidance do we give them on how to do this?
We discussed Christopher Avery's "Responsibility Process in an Agile Coach Community of Practice" (here, Responsibility Process) in Chicago and found this to be an incredible foundation for Agile teams. We've found that we are able to apply these concepts to create more awareness and yield increased responsibility and better communication among people on our Agile teams.
"Ninety-nine percent of leadership starts with self-leadership. No one thinks about personal responsibility when things go well. Responsibility has to do with how you respond when things go wrong." -- Christopher Avery
"Without responsibility and trust, the process doesn't matter." -- Sergey Dmetriev
Christopher also asked, "Do you think there is decay of personal responsibility in the world?" He defined
as taking ownership of a space and mobilizing effective action. "People don't resist change, people resist imposed change, change that is pushed on to them. People choose change all the time."
Walking through the Responsibility Process can create great awareness among your teams in terms of how they respond when facing a problem or uncertainty.
How often do we fall into the stage of denial, where we ignore the existence of something? For example, if a team doesn't complete its planned work for a sprint, does it respond by saying, "Well, we completed most of the work. Those other stories weren't really planned; they were more like stretch stories." Are there times where the team members lay blame and hold each other at fault for causing something or justifying and using excuses for things being the way they are? "If people weren't out of the office, we would have been able to finish everything, but we didn't because of the team members that weren't here for half the sprint." Or, "We would have completed everything planned for this sprint if it weren't for the issues that came up in testing." Do you ever find yourself falling into the trap of shame or obligation, where you lay blame on yourself and feel guilty or do something that you feel you have to do instead of what you want to do? "We must not be a very good team because we can't ever get everything done that we planned" or, "We have to plan that much work because of the business pressures to deliver more." Feelings of shame or obligation may lead to quitting, even though we know that we should constantly reflect upon our environment and inspect and adapt to continuously improve. "Well, we aren't going to finish everything we planned anyway, so it doesn't matter. Let's just do whatever we can; no need to try to complete everything."
If you can recognize when you begin to fall into one of these stages and can identify when you aren't operating from a place of responsibility, then you can begin to act differently and own your ability and power to create, choose, and attract. Rather than falling into a state of denial, blame, justification, shame, obligation, or quitting, leverage retrospectives as an opportunity to reflect on how the team is working and identify ways to adapt while moving forward and act from a place of responsibility.
When you look at responsibility as a mental state you arrive at around challenges, this perspective can lead to feeling free and self-empowered. The keys to responsibility are intention, awareness, and confrontation. We have a decision in all situations to take responsibility and choose how we respond. Christopher Avery shares this approach, along with highlighting that it is our choice whether to:
Grow or cope
Learn or defend
Change or resist
Be Agile or fragile
Value or waste
Be happy or resigned
After sharing these concepts in our Agile Coaches Community of Practice, we saw opportunity for applying the Responsibility Process, in our own dialogue and while coaching teams, in less than 24 hours -- and just about every day since then. We have seen some teams get stuck in a cycle of "laying blame" and "justifying" or a cycle of "obligation" and "blame." If we can create awareness during these stages when facing a problem or situation, we can then choose to act from a place of responsibility and can model that behavior with others. The Responsibility Process provides a great foundation for self-organization for both new and existing Agile teams.
Printing the Responsibility Process poster and placing it in view of the team can create a visual reminder for everyone to act from a place of responsibility and exemplify personal leadership. Introducing the Responsibility Process to the team and modeling the behavior is a great way to start.
Article Rating
Current rating: 4.8 (9 ratings)
Christoper Avery
Maria, you are a gentle-woman, a scholar, and a helluva coach and speaker. Thanks for being a caring and passionate ambassador for the often-AWOL People and Interactions element of the Agile movement.
Glen Wang
Ninety-nine percent of leadership starts with self-leadership.
People don't resist change, people resist imposed change, change that is pushed on to them. People choose change all the time.
Łukasz Orawski
Actually people resit change. Our brains have been evolutionary shaped in a way that we tend to support the status quo and resit change - internal critic. Otherwise coaching wouldn't be so popular these days ;)
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View Deloitte's summary and analysis on the measures affecting individuals
announced in the 2012 Budget.
Reduction of the top rate of income tax from 50% to 45%.
The Government proposes to legislate a cap on income tax reliefs claimed by individuals from 6 April 2013.
There will be a new stamp duty land tax (SDLT) rate of 7% charged on residential properties acquired for more than £2 million.
A new income tax charge will be introduced for those in receipt of Child Benefit and where either the recipient or their partner has an income over £50,000 pa.
Other individuals measures
- Anti-avoidance: Life insurance policies
- Amendment to sub-sale relief
- CGT charge on non-resident corporate holding UK resident residential property
- Changes to QROPS rules
- Dishonest agents
- EIS and VCTs
- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMI)
- Employee share schemes review
- Extension of the proposed GAAR to cover stamp duty land tax
- General Anti-Abuse Rule (GAAR)
- Gift Aid: Community Amateur Sports clubs and Charitable companies
- HMRC information powers and penalties
- Income tax rates and personal allowances
- Inheritance tax: avoidance using offshore trusts
- Inheritance tax (IHT) - spouses and civil partners domiciled outside the UK
- Life insurance: qualifying policies
- Personal service companies and IR35
- Reform of non-domicile taxation
- Remote gambling taxation
- Statement of Practice (SP1/09)
- Statutory residence
- Tax avoidance: corporate settlor interest trusts
- UK/Switzerland tax agreement


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The Corvette C6, a car I had the privilege of owning not once, not twice, but three times – has retired.
The C6 will always have a special place in my heart. A reminder of a younger me. A reminder of the many road trips I shared with a young lady who would eventually become my wife. A reminder of why I love the automobile.
The C6 cemented a special place in my heart as it witnessed me growing up and falling in love. In thirty years I'll see one and all those fond memories will come rushing back.
Last month final production numbers for the 2013 Chevrolet Corvette were released, thus signifying the official end of the Corvette C6. And while Bowling Green (KY) is hard at work building the 2014 Stingray, a car that is better in every way, a part of me is still sad to see the C6 go.
In honor of the C6′s retirement I put together an image to capture some of the more interesting facts contained within the last year of C6 production.
And to my Corvette readers – save the wave.


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Nature Centers
Visit one of Massachusetts' many nature centers, and you'll learn about the fascinating world around you.
Bristol County Natural History Center, south of Boston, enjoy live exhibits, ponds, wetlands, beaches, meadows and forest displays. The EcoTarium in Worcester is an indoor/outdoor museum dedicated to exploring the natural world, with three floors of interactive exhibits, wildlife exhibits, nature trails, ponds and award-winning meadows, planetarium and train ride. The Hitchcock Center for the Environment in Western Massachusetts provides nature trails, field trips, an environmental and natural history library, games, educational activities and more.
For something out of the ordinary, Davis' Farmland and MegaMaze in Central Massachusetts has lots of child-friendly farm animals, and, in late fall, a corn-stalk maze with three miles of pathways and bridges over eight acres.
Love clams? Sign up with Cape Cod Clamming Trips in Brewster, and dig for your own tasty bivalves.
Outdoor adventure: It's all here
Looking for fun things to do and see in Massachusetts?
get some outdoor adventure ideas
Sort By:
Most Popular A – ZFilter By...
Mass Audubon Wachusett Meadow Wildlife Sanctuary
Twelve miles of trails traverse vast meadows, woodlands, and wetlands. Hike, snowshoe, x-country ski, rent a canoe. Nature programs and... more
+ 1 saves -
Mass Audubon's Blue Hills Trailside Museum
The Blue Hills Trailside Museum is the interpretive center for the state's Blue Hills Reservation and is managed by Mass... more
+ 1 saves -
Mass Audubon's South Shore Sanctuaries
There are three wildlife sanctuaries managed by Mass Audubon on the South Shore. The North River and Daniel Webster Wildlife... more
+ 1 saves -
Menemsha Hills
The second-highest point on the island, Menemsha Hills contains a variety of habitats - and range of activities - to... more
+ 1 saves -
National Marine Life Center
Buzzards Bay
Featured exhibits, hands-on activities, and educational programs about marine animals, wildlife rehabilitation, and ocean conservation. Open Memorial Day to Labor... more
+ 1 saves -
OceanQuest Hands-On Discovery Cruises
E. Dennis
Cruise station to station aboard the Venture Inn II and enjoy the scenic beauty of Woods Hole as you explore... more
+ 1 saves -
Patriot Place
Adjacent to Gillette Stadium, Patriot Place features more than 1.3 million square feet of shopping, entertainment and commercial uses. Major fashion... more
+ 1 saves -
Pleasant Valley Wildlife Sanctuary
Seven miles of well-marked walking trails on 1,300 acres of conservation land. Trails for all abilities. Public programs. more
+ 1 saves -
Powisset Farm
A restored farming operation, a Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) program, on a landscape with a history of pastures and planted... more
+ 1 saves -
Quabbin Reservoir
One of the largest man-made domestic water reservoirs in the U.S. with 57,523 acres of protected watershed. Hiking trails, bird... more
+ 1 saves -
The Silverbrook Farm
Silverbrook Farm is a fully operational farm serving the Southern New England region. With Fresh Produce, CSA, Hay Rides, a... more
+ 1 saves -
South Shore Natural Science Center
Non-profit education center and museum with art gallery. Outdoor nature trails; trail for visually disabled. Animal Planet's Jeff Corwin inspired... more
+ 1 saves -
Stanley Park
275 acre park in the foothills of the Berkshires with trails, picnic areas, award winning gardens, ADA compliance children's playground. There... more
+ 1 saves -
Vestal Street Observatory
Guided tours; outdoor solar system model and sunspot observatory. more
+ 1 saves -
Whale Center of New England
Come see our humpback whale skeleton! We have been conducting research on whales for 30 years. Visit our exhibit and learn... more
+ 1 saves -
Arcadia Wildlife Sanctuary
Seven hundred and twenty-five acres of woods, meadow, and marsh; five miles of trails; observation tower. Look for signs of... more
+ 0 saves -
Ashumet Holly Wildlife Sanctuary
East Falmouth
Self-guided nature walks and holly trail; barn swallow colony, May-Aug. more
+ 0 saves -
Cape Cod Bird Club
EDUCATION/RECREATION The Cape Cod Bird Club's mission is to promote knowledge and conservation of the bird life and natural... more
+ 0 saves -
Cape Cod Clamming Trips
Identify clam beds and dig for clams on the flats in Brewster. more
+ 0 saves -
Cape Cod Indian Walks-Dennis
North Eastham
2 Walks offered. 1'st Indian Conservation Lands Dennis. Learn the history and culture of the C.C. Indians. Second walks, First... more
+ 0 saves
Outdoor adventure: It's all here
Looking for fun things to do and see in Massachusetts?


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Results 1 to 4 of 4
Thread: Ram Truck Ads on this site
- Join Date
- Feb 2012
- Location
- Alabama
- Posts
- 68
Ram Truck Ads on this site
Why are there Ram truck ads on this page?
2007 Chevy
Reg cab
4.3 v6
32'' bfgoodrich all terrains
If they don't sing, they don't sling.
10-08-2012, 09:31 PM #2Because Google seems to think you've been looking at Dodges/Rams (and/or things related to them) based on your search and browing history ... and has tailored your ad selection appropriately?
10-09-2012, 07:06 PM #3I get different ads for different brand vehicles and Ive never searched for other makes so I have a hard time believing this is the case. Ive searched Silverado quite often so google probably figured ahhh.... A trucks a truck, maybe he would like a Ram... Just my thought.
As i was typing this I see an ad for a Silverado.. Go figure.
2011 Silverado CrewCab 5.3L*Ram Air Look Cowl Induction Reflexxion Hood*6" Pro Comp Lift*Flowmaster Dual exhaust*Perfect Launch Rear Diff. Cover*Led Smoke Taillights*L.E.D.Smoke 3rd Brakelight*60" L.E.D. Tailgate Bar*Rearview Mirror Reverse Camera and Sensors*Smoke Headlight Covers*Front Bumper Grill Insert*Deezee Black Alum. Diamond Rail covers*20" Ultra Motorsports Rims wrapped with 35.5"B.F. Goodrich Tires*Inchannel Raingaurds*CAI*Bullydog GT Tuner*Alpine Amp*Boss 6x9's*Boston Acoustic Subs*Terrantula Tweeters*Custom Sub box*Red Led Interior Accents*5% Ultimacool duo tint rear window and doors, 20% front doors*Custom Vinyl Graphics*Demolded*Debadged*Painted drums and calipers*
Future Mods Include: Custom Interior Hydrographics, Electronic Rollup Toneau Cover, 4.56 Gears, Painted rear bumper
- Join Date
- Feb 2012
- Location
- Alabama
- Posts
- 68
I do look at jeeps sometimes and i think they are made by the same company so maybe thats why it came up...
2007 Chevy
Reg cab
4.3 v6
32'' bfgoodrich all terrains
If they don't sing, they don't sling.
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The Ward County Historical Society's museum and village on the North Dakota State Fairgrounds continues to be repaired following the Souris River flood of 2011, and the arrival of an old red school house will make a welcome addition to the already popular attraction.
The former country school house was donated to the society by Robert Sandstrom. The building was formerly the Graham No. 1 school, and was located six miles southeast of Foxholm back in its day. Sandstrom's father, John, bought the building in 1960 and restored it and its contents. The school opened in 1887, served as the Kirkelie Township polling place and church services as well as being a school.
One of the village's two school houses was destroyed by the flood, so the donated structure will be its replacement. The structure is set to be moved onto a foundation at the village in the next couple of weeks. Society officials said the school will get a new coat of red paint, but is otherwise in great shape.
Historical Society members and volunteers have done a lot of work to get the village and all its buildings back in shape after the flood inundated the fairgrounds. The village is a popular attraction during big events at the fairgrounds, like the North Dakota State Fair and Norsk Hstfest. Adding another historical and local building will help the society's ongoing effort to return the village and museum to their former glory. We look forward to its installation.


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The Buckingham Lodge is primarily run as a bed and breakfast but at certain times of the year can be hired out on a self catering basis for groups or extended families. The property is ideal for large numbers who are attending a wedding nearby, or as a base for the bride and her family to get ready for the big day. What would be nicer than celebrating a special birthday with friends and family together or for occasions such as Christmas and New Year.
On a self catering basis you would have the sole use of the property, 9 bedrooms all with ensuite bathrooms, flatscreen TV, free wi-fi and hair dryers. Take advantage of the bar/lounge area which you may stock with your own alcohol or leave up to us to provide. The dining room seats 20 people at 7 tables or push them together to make one long get together. Our commercial kitchen is well equipped with two dishwashers, two sinks, microwave and various utensil and electrical items. Groceries can be ordered prior to arrival via one of the supermarkets which we can then take delivery of if you have not arrived.
Please contact us direct to make an enquiry and to discuss any requirements you may have. Regrettably we do not take hen or stag parties and although we love dogs cannot accommodate them.
On another note if you are planning a wedding in Torquay you may find these links for venues, photographers and wedding decorations useful.
This company offers a truly special, beautiful service for brides that want something distinctive and unique for their big day. Once you have chosen your venue this company will create a beautiful environment using chair covers, table swags, pew end & favours.
Sharon Kilyon offers a professional but relaxed and natural style to her wedding photos offering lasting memories for the bride and groom.
Beautiful church in a beautiful location nestled in the thatched village of Cockington. The setting is idyllic with narrow winding lanes opening out onto chocolate box cottages and the beautiful historic Cockington Court and grounds..


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Class Notes | Obituaries
Submit a Class Note or Obituary »
Showing class notes submitted in the last year
Bryan Stofferahn '98 married Claire Ilog on July 6, 2013, at the Pacific Oaks Vineyard Estate in Santa Cruz, Calif. Mark Brower '99 performed the ceremony, while Nate Baker '99 and Rogelio Calderon '98 served as groomsmen. Also in attendance were Jason Cook '99, Brad Perkins '99, Aisha Curran '99, and Ryan Hoffman '01. Bryan is a partner at the law firm of Connor & Bishop in San Francisco, and could not be happier right now.
Lloyd Pierce '98 has been hired by 76ers coach Brett Brown as assistant coach. Pierce had previous stints with the Memphis Grizzlies, Golden State Warriors, and Cleveland Cavaliers. The San Jose native played for Santa Clara University from 1994-98 and played professionally in Mexico, Australia and Germany before returning to Santa Clara to join then-coach Dick Davey's staff.
On July 7, 2012, Steve O'Brien '98 wed Julianne (Visbal) O'Brien '04 in the Santa Clara Mission Church with over 40 fellow Broncos in attendance. It was truly a great day to be a Bronco! Today, the couple resides in Annapolis, MD, where Julianne works as a civil engineer with Bay Engineering, and Steve serves as the Naval Academy Athletic Association's Associate Athletic Director-Development at the United States Naval Academy. The O'Briens enjoy regularly returning to the Mission Campus for a variety of SCU events and are looking forward to making their next trip back this October for Steve's 15-year reunion.
Front row: Anthony Zamora '98, Matt McNelis '98, Frank Lico '52, Julianne (Visbal) O'Brien '04, Steve O'Brien '98, Bill O'Brien '70, Chris Brady '98, Stephan Vernaelde '05, Fr. Art Liebscher '69, M.Div '84 Second row: Tom McDermott '52, Lisa (Sacco) Swendsen '98, Matt Giudice '98, Jack Grimes '98, Ryan Dunn '98, Joe Delucchi '98, John Maloney '85, Francisco Zepponi '05 Third row: Lauren Prehoda '03, Damien Swendsen '98, MA '00, Erahm Machado '98, Keith Marshall '98, Dan Romanski '98, Chris Yamashita '98, Barbie Graver '98, Brandon Kitagawa '98, Aaron Uchikura '05, MA '11 Fourth row: Paul Neilan '70, Kimarie (Reasons) Manfre '79, Sallie Krochalis '04, Rebecca (Levy) Corwin '04, Steve Heyn '98, Jason Sarich '98, Nicole (Tung) Sarich '98, Cinde Quint '73, Mike Quint '72, Teddie Page MA '98, Tom DeNatale '73, MS '79, Cynthia (Page) Teeple '96 Fifth row: Nick Livak '59, J.D '63, Rich Giorgetti '70, Terry Giorgetti '71, Jim Obot '77, Lynsey (Yeakel) Kehrli '04, Bob Kehrli '04, Dan Turner '98, James Dallosta '04, Jeff Herbage '04, Jen Zamora '98, Paul Page MA '95
Meredith McKenzie J.D. '98 was appointed by Gov. Jerry Brown '59 to the Dental Board of California. McKenzie has been vice president and deputy general counsel at Juniper Networks since 2012. She was senior director of intellectual property at Symantec Corporation from 2006 to 2012, director of litigation, licensing and IP for Cypress Semiconductor from 2001 to 2006 and corporate counsel and director of IP at Enuvis Inc. from 2000 to 2001. McKenzie was an associate for Howrey LLP from 1998 to 2000 and patent agent and design engineer at Intel Corporation from 1993 to 1998.
Imelda (Wong) Kortens '98 and Jediah Kortens welcomed their first baby boy, Jackson Robert Kortens, into the world on April 30, 2013.
Josh Hicks '95, J.D. '98 is a new shareholder at Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, a firm practicing in the areas of real estate, natural resources, public policy, corporate, and litigation. Hicks is a member of the firm's government relations department and taxation group. His tax practice focuses on Nevada state and local tax matters, ranging from tax planning to litigated tax controversies. Hicks' government affairs practice focuses on representation before the Nevada Legislature, local governments and state government agencies. In addition, Hicks practices in all aspects of Nevada campaign finance and election law, including all aspects of ballot initiatives.
Olga Diaz '98 was named Civic Leader of the Year at U-T San Diego's second annual San Diego Latino Champions Awards ceremony.
Christy Aguirre '98 recently received state and national awards for her contributions to the library profession. She was named 2012 Outstanding Librarian in Support of Literacy from California Libraries Association and 2013 Library Journal's Movers and Shakers Community Builders from American Libraries Association. She attributes much of her success to her SCU education, "community building is a way of life, not just a job." She currently supervises Sacramento Public Library's Southgate Branch.
http://www.cla-net.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=32 http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2013/03/people/movers-shakers-2013/christy-aguirre-movers-shakers-2013-community-builders/ http://www.saclibrary.org/About-Us/News/2013/March/Librarian-is-a-Mover-Shaker/ http://www.sacbee.com/2013/03/31/5300921/between-the-lines-southgate-branch.html
Pallie Zambrano J.D. '99 has been honored by the YWCA of Silicon Valley with a 2013 Tribute to Women and Industry (TWIN) Award, one of the most prestigious awards given by local and regional YWCAs nationwide. Zambrano is a partner at McManis Faulkner, a leading Northern California trial firm.
The TWIN Award program was established in 1984 to honor the outstanding achievements of female executives who have demonstrated excellence in business leadership positions and to pay tribute to the companies in which they work. Zambrano joins a group of honorees selected from Silicon Valley technology, legal, communications, nonprofit, and healthcare organizations that have acted as successful role models for other women in business, exhibited top-level responsibility in a major functional role, and who have had a substantial impact on the organization's growth, profitability and innovation.
Jaysson A. Reno '99 was recently named general sales manager of KSAN - 107.7 The Bone, flagship of the SF 49ers, and is also taking on the newly created role director of strategic partnerships, for Cumulus Media in San Francisco. Jaysson and his wife of 8 years have 3 children and reside in San Jose.
LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/jayssonreno Twitter: @jayssonreno
Alexander Nestor JD '99 was elected to a partnership at Allen Matkins, a California-based full service real estate and business law firm.
Nestor practices in the labor and employment group in Allen Matkins' San Francisco office, where he represents some of the nation's largest technology and financial services companies. He represents employers in litigation proceedings in state and federal court, in arbitration, and before administrative agencies on a broad range of employment matters, including discrimination, sexual harassment, retaliation, wrongful discharge, defamation, wage and hour, trade secret misappropriation, and unfair competition claims.
He also counsels and assists employers in resolving a variety of employment issues, such as compliance with state and federal employment laws, developing employee policies, reductions in force, executive employment agreements, and restrictive covenants.
Richard Lucero J.D. '99 was appointed Fremont's chief of police.
Lucero, a 26-year veteran of Fremont police, has spent his entire law enforcement career in Fremont, where he has worked with several units, including SWAT, narcotics, street crimes and internal affairs.
He has served as commander of Fremont police's two major departments: the Patrol Division and the Special Operations and Investigations Division.
Lucero is a graduate of San Jose State University and Santa Clara University School of Law, and is a member of the State Bar of California. He is a volunteer with Officers Give Hope, a nonprofit organization that encourages officers to join the National Marrow Donor Registry. He also is first vice president of the California Peace Officers' Association.
Read the full story in the San Jose Mercury News.
Sheri Lara '99 and Ronald Lalangan were married at Mission Santa Clara on August 17. The happy couple were surrounded by their family and friends, including fellow Bronco Susan Lalangan Vaughan who served as a bridesmaid.
Daniel Goodman MBA '99 writes: "After 8 1/2 years of owning my own retail business I decided it was time to marry my financial analysis skills to my customer service skills and become a financial representative with Northwestern Mutual. Whereas I used to help people brew beer and make wine, now I get to help them achieve their most amazing futures, helping them plan and achieve financial strength and security."
Daniel T. Goodman, MBA Office 925 520 4034 Mobile 925 487 7551 Northwestern Mutual San Francisco Bay Area Group- Pleasanton 6150 Stoneridge Mall Rd, Suite 100 Pleasanton, CA 94588 firstname.lastname@example.com http://danielgoodman.nm.com/ https://www.facebook.com/danielgca
Ben and Alli (Brandt) Fargo '99 are thrilled to announce the arrival of their second son, Andrew George Brandt Fargo, on Sept. 6. Andy joins big brother Ricky. The family lives in Pleasanton, Calif.
Renu Bhatia MBA '99 was named one of Silicon Valley Business Journal's "100 Women of Influence." As VP of Sales and Business Development, Marvell Semiconductor Inc., Bhatia is responsible for developing the company's data communications sales strategy. Bhatia is board director of the San Jose Children's Discovery Museum; active member of the San Jose Chamber of Commerce, the Anita Borg Institute for Women in Technology and The Indus Entrepreneurs. She teaches at local temple and was selected to guide and develop Stanford University's international student graduate program. Bhatia appeared as a panelist at the 2011 WIE Symposium, speaking on philanthropy, social enterprise and corporate social responsibility. She was awarded the YWCA Tribute to Women in Industry in 2011.
Claudia (Vasquez) Torres '00 and husband Ramiro Torres, an architect who graduated from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, have been blessed with the birth of their first child, Damian Torres, on August 22, 2012. The family resides happily in San Jose and looks forward to traveling.
Ryan Thelen '00 and Brandy Thelen '00, M.A '02—their second daughter, Ella, on Jan. 17, 2012. She joins big sister, Reese, 4. The family resides in Ventura, Calif.
Tony Perachiotti '00 and Colette (Meyer) Perachiotti '00 welcomed their second son, Tyler, on November 20. Their first son Dominic is three years old, and the family lives in Marin County, in Novato.
Linus Lau '00 has been Chair for the Music Video, Film and Television Program at Musicians Institute since December of 2012, in addition to adjunct lecturer of Film Studies at Long Beach City College. He is also the composer of the upcoming feature "Bread and Butter," starring Bobby Moynihan of Saturday Night Live.
Jessica (Wightman) Halle '00 and husband Pierre Halle welcome a baby girl, Sophie, born Feb. 23, 2013.
William Green '00 writes that he is currently working toward a master's degree in landscape architecture at the University of Oregon while playing a little music on the side.


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After a year-long investigation, local police arrested 14 Elizabethtown residents and a New Haven man as part of a prescription drug trafficking probe they've titled "Operation Pill Crusher."
Investigators also served a warrant on Steven D. Tubbs, 27, an inmate at Green River Correctional Complex where he is serving a five-year sentence for flagrant non-support.
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Los Angeles police rushed to Diddy's house earlier today after receiving a phone call that someone had been shot inside the home.
After investigating, cops believe this is another celebrity "swatting" prank similar to the one that was pulled on Ashton Kutcher earlier in the year.
More details at TMZ.com


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Ringier Switzerland
Ringier AG is headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland. The company staff numbers approximately 3,400 employees in its domestic market segment. With a broad range of products such as newspapers, magazines, TV programs and e-commerce platforms, Ringier is the only Swiss publishing house active in all three main language regions. It is also the market leader in tabloid and entertainment media. Ringier newspapers like Blick and Le Temps, magazines like Schweizer Illustrierte and L'Hebdo, and new launches like the LandLiebe magazine, have been setting journalistic benchmarks for decades. In 2010 the Blick group created Switzerland's first ever newsroom. It is now the country's biggest, most advanced editorial office. Ringier Entertainment creates and produces modern radio programs (Radio Energy) and TV formats for Swiss Radio and Television SRF, as well as organizing big music and entertainment events under the Good News brand. Ringier Digital, the business unit for online creativity and expertise, supports the expansion of e-commerce services (Geschenkidee.ch, deindeal.ch) and online classifieds platforms (immoscout.ch, anibis.ch).
Addresses in Switzerland
Dufourstrasse 23
Ringier AG
Ringier Germany
With editorial offices in Berlin, Ringier Germany produces three high-quality magazines. CICERO, launched in March 2004, made its debut as the first German magazine for political culture. Ringier also acquired a majority share in the German art journal Monopol in January 2006. This magazine directed at an urban population with a sense of art and esthetics has quickly managed to achieve a high level of credibility with artists and trade professionals. In 2011, Ringier acquired the art magazine Literaturen, now a supplement of CICERO magazine. Ringier Germany has about 60 employees and strategically has been part of Ringier Switzerland since 2009.
Addresses in Germany
Friedrichstrasse 140
D-10117 Berlin
Tel.: +49 30 981 941 100
Fax: +49 30 981 941 199
Ringier Hungary
In Hungary, its biggest territory in Eastern Europe, Ringier has been publishing Blikk, the most widely read national daily newspaper, since 1994. The Sunday edition Vasarnapi Blikk, Blikk Nök and the entire bracket of women's and youth magazines are equally successful. Ringier Hungary also publishes the sports daily Nemzeti Sport, rich in tradition and currently the number 3 among Hungary's dailies. In addition, Ringier has held a 70.77 percent share in the widely-read major daily newspaper of reference, Népszabadság, since 2002. Ringier Hungary is also active in the print business. Ringier Print Hungary is the region's leading coldset printing plant, printing five of the eight national daily newspapers. In the field of new media Ringier cooperates with various partners. It launched MSN Mai Nap, a latest generation news portal, in collaboration with Microsoft. Ringier Hungary and companies in which Ringier is the major shareholder employ a staff of over 1500.
Addresses in Hungary
Ringier China
Addresses in China
Ringier Romania
Ringier Romania is the leading foreign publishing house in Romania. The Ringier subsidiary publishes 22 print products, among them the daily tabloid Libertatea, the fashion magazine ELLE, the women's magazine Libertatea pentru Femei and the youth magazine Bravo.
Over the past years successful new launches such as the women's magazine Unica and the thriving Libertatea.ro website are proof Ringier has invested in a promising market. In addition, Ringier runs Romania's most up-to-date newspaper-printing plant in Bucharest. In the summer of 2011, Ringier acquired Edipresse A.S. Romania, one of the country's largest magazine publishers, including publications as the fashion and high-quality lifestyle magazine ELLE and the Avantaje women's magazine. Ringier Romania currently employs a staff of approximately 400.
Address in Romania
Ringier Romania SRL
Novo Parc - 6, Dimitrie Pompeiu Blvd.
District 2
020337 Bucharest
Phone: +40 21 20 30 800
Fax: +40 21 20 22 011
www.ringier.com, www.ringier.ro
Ringier Vietnam
Ringier Vietnam is headquarted in Ho Chi Minh City with offices in Hanoi and has approximately 125 employees. The company is the exclusive advertising and marketing partner of (ELLE) "The World's Largest Fashion Magazine," (Women's Health), sister brand to Men's Health and Vietnam's first and only international women's health and lifestyle magazine, (Thoi Trang Tre) New Fashion, (Bep Gia Dinh), (Marry.vn) Vietnam's largest wedding directory and community website and (Muabannhadat.com.vn) Vietnam's largest online real estate classifieds website.
Addresses in Vietnam
111B Ly Chinh Thang
25 Thanh Mien
Ringier Axel Springer Media AG
A leading multimedia company in Central and Eastern Europe, Ringier Axel Springer Media AG conducts activities in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Serbia. Based on strong and successful media brands like FAKT, BLESK, NOVÝ CAS and BLIC, it is a dynamic association of independent enterprises. The wide-ranging portfolio and a focus on growth and digitization make Ringier Axel Springer Media AG the region's market segment leader in broadly circulated tabloid dailies and one of the biggest magazine publishers. Ringier Axel Springer Media AG is a joint venture launched by Swiss Ringier AG and German Axel Springer AG in 2010 to align their international activities in Central and Eastern Europe. With over 100 print titles and more than 70 online products, Ringier Axel Springer Media AG substantially diversifies the two shareholders' strong position in these growth markets. The company's headquarters are located in Zurich, Switzerland.
Address in Switzerland
The acquisition of the tabloid Blic in early 2004 launched Ringier's publishing activities in Serbia. In 2010, the Serbia business activities were integrated into Ringier Axel Springer Media AG. Today, with the highest and widest overall circulation, it is the country's leading publishing house. Blic and the second tabloid Alo! are the Serbia market leaders. Ringier Axel Springer Media AG operates a printing plant in Belgrade. The editors of Blic, 24sata, Blic Online, 24sata Online and Zena Online have been working in an integrated newsroom since 2010.
Address in Serbia
Ringier has been active in Slovakia since the early 1990s subsequently integrating its Slovakian business activities into Ringier Axel Springer Media AG in 2010. The joint venture's products hold leading positions in all relevant sectors among Slovakian newspapers and magazines. Its most important titles are the tabloid Novy Čas and the women's magazine Madam Eva.
Address in Slovakia
After a brief presence between 1993 and 1996, Ringier was inactive in Poland for two decades. With the launch of the joint venture in Eastern Europe integrating the activities of Axel Springer into Ringier Axel Springer Media AG in 2010, Ringier is back in Poland. Ringier Axel Springer Polska publishes Fakt, a tabloid newspaper that is the country's most widely read daily as well as the opinion-forming Newsweek Polska, a licensed edition of the American Newsweek and one of the most successful news magazines in Poland.
Address in Poland
Czech Republic
Entering the Czech market in 1990, Ringier took its first steps into Eastern Europe and managed to grow into one of the leading publishing houses in the Czech Republic. The company flagships are the tabloid Blesk and the women's magazine Blesk pro Ženy, both market leaders in their respective categories. Two big printing plants in Prague and Ostrava also operate successfully. In 2010, Ringier Czech Republic was integrated into Ringier Axel Springer Media AG, making it the country's leading publishing house.
Address in Czech Republic
Ringier Kenya
Ringier Digital establishes and maintains selected start-up companies in Kenya with its digital platforms, including www.rupu.co.ke, a Kenyan daily deal website that is already the market leader and was named "one of the top 20 tech start-ups in Africa" by Forbes. All platforms are based on proven business models adapted and enhanced to meet local conditions. So far Ringier Kenya maintains the websites rupu.co.ke and pigiame.co.ke.
Address in Kenya
Ringier Nigeria
Ringier Digital establishes and maintains selected start-up companies in Nigeria with its digital platforms. All platforms are based on proven business models adapted and enhanced to meet local conditions. The growing portfolio includes Nigeria's most vibrant online destinations. These currently include: jobfinder.ng, yada.ng and pulse.ng.
Address in Nigeria
Ringier Ghana
Ringier Digital establishes and maintains selected start-up companies in Kenya, Ghana and Nigeria with its digital platforms. All platforms are based on proven business models adapted and enhanced to meet local conditions. So far Ringier Ghana maintains the websites Jobs.com.gh, Tisu.com.gh and Allsports.com.gh.
Address in Ghana
Ringier Ghana Ltd.
5 Labone Crescent
P. O. Box: CT 9364
Cantonments, Accra
Tel.: +233 302 960 494
Ringier Senegal
Since February 2014 Ringier also maintains a representation in Senegal. Expat Dakar (www.expat-dakar.com is the largest platform for classifieds in this emerging nation and now part of the recently established Ringier Sénégal S.A. Launched in 2007, Expat Dakar currently has 12 employees and around 21,000 online advertisements in 47 categories. The classifieds portal offers an Android application; an iOS app is in development. Ringier Senegal is located in the capital of Dakar, an ideal hub for the West African region.
Adress in Senegal
Ringier Sénégal S.A.
6, Cite C. OMICO
VDN Dakar
Tel.: +221 77 637 42 41


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An adult 21 years or over must be present to sign for delivery of alcoholic beverages. Order tracking numbers will be emailed to you upon shipment, so you'll know when to expect delivery. We offer the following options for your convenience:
Ground: Delivery generally between 1 and 7 business days once the package leaves our warehouse.
3 Day: Delivery to businesses by 4:30 pm and to residences by 7:00 pm in 3 business days once the package leaves our warehouse.
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Overnight p.m.: Next business day delivery by 3:00 pm to most U.S. addresses ( by 4:30 p.m. to rural areas) once the package leaves our warehouse.
Overnight a.m.: Next business day delivery by 10:30 am to most U.S. addresses once the package leaves our warehouse; Remote areas by noon, 4:30 pm or 5:00 pm; Saturdays by noon, 1:30 pm or 4:30 pm. In extreme heat, ice-packs will be added.
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Red wines that are more fruit-forward and lighter in tannin and body.
Medium bodied reds that go down easy, with smooth tannins and supple fruit.
Wines where earthy and/or spicy dominate the flavors – typically medium to full body.
Full bodied wines that have concentrated fruit and are higher in alcohol and/or tannins. Some need age.
The 2005 vintage of this wine was ranked #8 on the Wine Spectator's Top 10 Wines of 2008
The thirteen grape varieties of the Châteauneuf-du-Pape appellation with a strong percentage of Mourvèdre and Grenache (30% each), Syrah 10%, Counoise 10% Cinsault 5% and the rest divided up amongst the remaining grape varieties: Vaccarèse, Terret noir, Muscardin, Picpoul, Picardan, Bourboulenc, Roussanne.
The Grenache and the Cinsault give the wine its color, intensity and softness. The Mourvèdre, Syrah, Muscardin and Vaccarèse give the wine its renowned ageing potential and dark, classic character. The Counoise, Picpoul and other varieties provide freshness, fragrance and aromatic quality.
"Layers of melted fig, mulled boysenberry and black currant fruit are laced with notes of charred mesquite, hoisin sauce and coffee. The long, silky mouthfeel belies the latent power in reserve. Best from 2010 through 2030." 96 Points Wine Spectator
"Beaucastel's 2007 Chateauneuf du Pape has turned out even better out of bottle than I predicted. An inky/ruby/purple color is followed by a glorious nose of blue and black fruits, truffles, pen ink, licorice, and meat juices as well as glorious levels of acidity and sweet tannin, buttressing the fruit's fabulous freshness and vibrancy. This full-bodied effort still displays considerable tannin, no doubt because of the relatively high Mourvedre content. It should resolve its tannins in 2-4 years, and last for 25 or more. " 96 Points The Wine Advocate
"Deep ruby. Powerful, pungent aromas evoke kirsch, blackberry, smoky herbs and dried flowers. Energetic, penetrating cherry and dark berry flavors are enlivened by juicy acidity and given spine by a tangy mineral quality. A floral quality sneaks in with air, along with notes of allspice and star anise. The finish is sappy, focused and very long, with herbs and flowers lingering." 94 Points International Wine Cellar
"At first glance, this is not particularly impressive; it's slightly herbal and rustic, with a raisiny edge to the fruit. But this really improves with air, fleshing out on the midpalate and losing the raisiny notes in favor of plum and savory notes. Give it four or five years in the cellar and drink it over the next 15 or so." 93 Points Wine Enthusiast
In 1549, Noble Pierre de Beaucastel bought a barn with its land holdings, containing 25 saumees at Coudoulet. More than four centuries later, this remarkable domaine, known today as Chateau de Beaucastel, is producing what most people acknowledge to be the finest wines of Chateauneuf-du-Pape. In 1903, a young chemical engineer and mathematics professor named Pierre Perrin,...Read More About Chateau de Beaucastel
(shah-too-NUHF due Pahp) Southern Rhone's landmark region, Chateauneuf du Pape, was the first region to gain AC status in France. That was the 1920s - it's history goes much further back than that. As the name suggests, the wine region was named after the new papal home, referring to the period of time in the 1300's when the pope resided in Avignon instead of Rome. Notable Facts...Read More About Chateauneuf-du-Pape
The Rhone region of France has a delightful selection of red varieties. There are 22 grapes allowed in the Rhone AOC, about half of them red. Most of these varieties are used as secondary blending partners, often comprising less than 10% of the blend. The primary red players of Rhone blends are Syrah, Grenache and Mourvedre. Most wines from the Southern Rhone use Grenache as their...Read More About Rhone Red Blends
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hot chelle rae + demi lovato
Hot Chelle Rae by Ashley Newby on Flickr.
Via Flickr:
Hot Chelle Rae
August 25th, 2012 @ Frontier City
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Underground Symphonies | Facebook photo page | Photo blog | Twitter
In the HCRmy(army) you can be any age:)
we're falling in love at the speed of light, and you're all i need tonight
♥ 30 days of Hot Chelle Rae
day 2 - post anything about Hot Chelle Rae: some random photoset.
I bleed my heart out on this paper, for you…


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It's Hatched! 5 Bought
If life's demands have you feeling kind of cagey and needing a mini-break, take advantage of today's deal at The Art Salon. For $45, get a mani-pedi; for $52, take advantage of a Brazilian waxing; for $32, get a haircut with vegan treatment, including shampoo and style; or, for $52, get a cut, style and color/partial foils along with a vegan conditioning treatment.
The Art Salon & Spa is located at 5045 NE 14th Street in Des Moines. Their hours are Tuesday through Friday, 10 am to 7 pm, and Saturday from 10 am to 6 pm.
$45 for Delux Manicure Pedicure Combo
$52 for Brazilian wax & half leg wax
$32 for haircut with Vegan treatment, shampoo and style
$52 for cut and style color/partial foils, Vegan condition treatment
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Resource curse
The resource curse, also known as the paradox of plenty, refers to the paradox that countries and regions with an abundance of natural resources, specifically point-source non-renewable resources like minerals and fuels, tend to have less economic growth and worse development outcomes than countries with fewer natural resources. This is hypothesized to happen for many different reasons, including a decline in the competitiveness of other economic sectors (caused by appreciation of the real exchange rate as resource revenues enter an economy, a phenomenon known as Dutch disease), volatility of revenues from the natural resource sector due to exposure to global commodity market swings, government mismanagement of resources, or weak, ineffectual, unstable or corrupt institutions (possibly due to the easily diverted actual or anticipated revenue stream from extractive activities).
Resource curse thesis[edit]
The idea that natural resources might be more an economic curse than a blessing began to emerge in the 1980s. In this light, the term resource curse thesis was first used by Richard Auty in 1993 to describe how countries rich in natural resources were unable to use that wealth to boost their economies and how, counter-intuitively, these countries had lower economic growth than countries without an abundance of natural resources.[1] Numerous studies, including one by Jeffrey Sachs and Andrew Warner, have shown a link between natural resource abundance and poor economic growth.[2] This disconnect between natural resource wealth and economic growth can be seen by looking at an example from the petroleum-producing countries. From 1965 to 1998, in the OPEC countries, gross national product per capita growth decreased on average by 1.3%, while in the rest of the developing world, per capita growth was on average 2.2%.[3] Some argue that financial flows from foreign aid can provoke effects that are similar to the resource curse.[4]
Negative effects and causes[edit]
Tug of war between people and government[edit]
The ambitions of the people and the government conflict, due to the large amount of resources and money a country's government amass for their own luxuries rather than for the people. Thus natural resources serve as a curse for the people, who then have a lower relative standard of living.
Internal conflict[edit]
Natural resources can, and often do, provoke conflicts within societies (Collier 2007), as different groups and factions fight for their share. Sometimes these emerge openly as separatist conflicts in regions where the resources are produced (such as in Angola's oil-rich Cabinda province) but often the conflicts occur in more hidden forms, such as fights between different government ministries or departments for access to budgetary allocations. This tends to erode governments' abilities to function effectively.[citation needed] There are several main types of relationships between natural resources and armed conflicts. First, resource curse effects can undermine the quality of governance and economic performances,[5] thereby increasing the vulnerability of countries to conflicts (the 'resource curse' argument). Second, conflicts can occur over the control and exploitation of resources and the allocation of their revenues (the 'resource war' argument). Third, access to resource revenues by belligerents can prolong conflicts (the 'conflict resource' argument).[6] According to one academic study, a country that is otherwise typical but has primary commodity exports around 25% of GDP has a 33% risk of conflict, but when exports are 5% of GDP the chance of conflict drops to 6%.[7][8]
International war and conflict[edit]
The term "petro-aggression" has been used to describe the tendency of oil-rich states to instigate international conflicts, or to be the targets thereof.[9] There are many examples including: Iraq's invasion of Iran and Kuwait; Libya's repeated incursions into Chad in the 1970s and 1980s; Iran's long-standing suspicion of Western powers; USA's relations with Iraq and Iran (arguable).
It is not clear whether the pattern of petro-aggression found in oil-rich countries also applies to other natural resources besides oil.
In many economies that are not resource-dependent, governments tax citizens, who demand efficient and responsive government in return. This bargain establishes a political relationship between rulers and subjects. In countries whose economies are dominated by natural resources, however, rulers don't need to tax their citizens because they have a guaranteed source of income from natural resources.[10] Because the country's citizens aren't being taxed, they have less incentive to be watchful with how government spends its money. In addition, those benefiting from mineral resource wealth may perceive an effective and watchful civil service and civil society as a threat to the benefits that they enjoy, and they may take steps to thwart them. As a result, citizens are often poorly served by their rulers,[11] and if the citizens complain, money from the natural resources enables governments to pay for armed forces to keep the citizens in check. Countries whose economies are dominated by resource extraction industries tend to be more repressive, corrupt and badly managed.[12]
Dutch disease[edit]
Dutch disease is an economic phenomenon in which the revenues from natural resource exports damage a nation's productive economic sectors by causing an increase of the real exchange rate and wage increase. This makes tradable sectors, notably agriculture and manufacturing, less competitive in world markets. Absent currency manipulation or a currency peg, appreciation of the currency can damage other sectors, leading to a compensating unfavorable balance of trade. As imports become cheaper, internal employment suffers and with it the skill infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities of the nation. This problem has historically influenced the domestic economics of large empires including Rome during its transition from a Republic, and England during the height of its colonial empire. To compensate for the loss of local employment opportunities, government resources are used to artificially create employment. The increasing national revenue will often also result in higher government spending on health, welfare, military, and public infrastructure, and if this is done corruptly or inefficiently it can be a burden on the economy. (If it is done efficiently this can boost economic competitiveness - effectively acting as a wage subsidy). While the decrease in the sectors exposed to international competition and consequently even greater dependence on natural resource revenue leaves the economy vulnerable to price changes in the natural resource, this can be managed by an active and effective use of hedge instruments such as forwards, futures, options and swaps, however if it is managed inefficiently or corruptly this can lead to disastrous results. Also, since productivity generally increases faster in the manufacturing sector, the economy will lose out on some of those productivity gains. Dutch Disease first became apparent after the Dutch discovered a massive natural gas field in Groningen in 1959. The Netherlands sought to tap this resource in an attempt to export the gas for profit. However when the gas began to flow out of the country so too did its ability to compete against other countries' exports. With the Netherlands' focus primarily on the new gas exports, the Dutch currency grew at a very quick rate which harmed the country's ability to export other products. With the growing gas market and the shrinking export economy, the Netherlands began to experience a recession. This process has been witnessed in multiple countries around the world including but not limited to Venezuela (oil), Angola (diamonds, oil), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (diamonds), and various other nations. All of these resources are considered "resource-cursed".[13][14]
The Dutch disease is contrasted by the Norwegian paradox.
Revenue volatility[edit]
Prices for some natural resources are subject to wide fluctuation: for example crude oil prices rose from around $3 per barrel to $12/bbl in 1974 following the 1973 oil crisis and fell from $27/bbl to below $10/bbl during the 1986 glut. In the decade from 1998 to 2008, it rose from $10/bbl to $145/bbl,[citation needed] before falling by more than half to $60/bbl over a few months. When government revenues are dominated by inflows from natural resources (for example, 99.3% of Angola's exports came from just oil and diamonds in 2005),[15] this volatility can play havoc with government planning and debt service. Abrupt changes in economic realities that result from this often provoke widespread breaking of contracts or curtailment of social programs, eroding the rule of law and popular support. Management of this risk is the basis for responsible use of financial hedges.
Excessive borrowing[edit]
Since governments expect more income in the future, they start accumulating debt,[citation needed] even though they are receiving natural resource revenues as well. This is encouraged, since, if the real exchange rate increases, through capital inflows or the Dutch disease, this makes the interest payments on the debt cheaper. In addition, the country's natural resources act as collateral leading to more credit. However, if the natural resources' prices begin to fall, and if the real exchange rate falls, a government would have less money with which to pay a more expensive debt. For example, many oil-rich countries like Nigeria and Venezuela saw rapid expansions of their debt burdens during the 1970s oil boom; however, when oil prices fell in the 1980s, bankers stopped lending to them and many of them fell into arrears, triggering penalty interest charges that made their debts grow even more.
In resource-rich countries, it is often easier to maintain authority through allocating resources to favoured constituents than through growth-oriented economic policies and a level, well-regulated playing field. Huge flows of money from natural resources fuel this political corruption. The government has less need to build up the institutional infrastructure to regulate and tax a productive economy outside the resource sector, so the economy may remain undeveloped.[16] The presence of offshore tax havens provide widespread opportunities for corrupt politicians to hide their wealth.
Many extractive operations are illegal and encouraged by corrupt multi-national corporations in collusion with national governments. Objections made by indigenous inhabitants are usually ignored. Ed Ayres of Worldwatch Institute reported on these collusive operations in many parts of the world.[17]
The United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee report entitled "Petroleum and Poverty Paradox" states that "too often, oil money that should go to a nation's poor ends up in the pockets of the rich, or it may be squandered on grand palaces and massive showcase projects instead of being invested productively".[18]
In effort to combat resource revenue corruption, a recent report by the Center for Global Development advocates direct distribution of revenues. Under this proposal, a government would transfer some or all of the revenue from natural resource extraction to citizens in a universal, transparent, and regular payment. Having put this money in the hands of its citizens, the state would treat it like normal income and tax it accordingly—thus forcing the state to collect taxes and fueling public demand for the government to be transparent and accountable in its management of natural resource revenues and in the delivery of public services.[19]
Lack of diversification and enclave effects[edit]
This article's section called "Lack of diversification and enclave effects" needs additional citations for verification. (January 2008) |
Economic diversification may be neglected by authorities or delayed in the light of the temporary high profitability of the limited natural resources. The attempts at diversification that do occur are often grand public works projects which may be misguided or mismanaged. However, even if the authorities try to diversify the economy, this is made difficult because the resource extraction is vastly more lucrative and out-competes other industry. Successful natural-resource-exporting countries often become more dependent on extractive industries over time. The abundance of revenue from natural resources discourages long-term investment in infrastructure which would support a more diverse economy, increasing the negative impact of sudden resource-price drops. While the resource sectors tend to provide large financial revenues, they often provide few jobs, and tend to operate as enclaves with few forward and backward connections to the rest of the economy.
Human resources[edit]
In many poor countries, Natural Resource industries tend to pay far higher salaries than what would be available elsewhere in the economy.[citation needed] This tends to attract the best talent from both private and government sectors, damaging these sectors by depriving them of their best skilled personnel. Another possible effect of the resource curse is the crowding out of human capital; countries that rely on natural resource exports may tend to neglect education because they see no immediate need for it. Resource-poor economies like Singapore, Taiwan or South Korea, by contrast, spent enormous efforts on education, and this contributed in part to their economic success (see East Asian Tigers). Other researchers, however, dispute this conclusion; they argue that natural resources generate easily taxable rents that more often than not result in increased spending on education.[20]
Human rights[edit]
This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. (November 2013) |
It has also been argued that one can correlate rises and falls in the price of petroleum with rises and falls in the implementation of human rights in major oil-producing countries.[21] Human rights throughout resource-cursed countries are dismal or completely lacking. Most normally resource-cursed countries are ruled by either authoritarian or other types of highly repressive regimes. These regimes are kept in power by a select elite such as high-ranking politicians and military leaders. As long as the existing government keeps these few happy they can rule without fear of consequence. This system is set up so that the common folk those most in need of the protection are left to fend for themselves. In places like the Democratic Republic of the Congo human life has almost no value and slave labor is common. Venezuela demonstrated the resource curse because of its abundance of oil. The country which saw the easy wealth of the oil did not need to expand into other markets due to comparative advantage. The comparative advantage states that if Venezuela can produce oil better than other exports then it should produce the oil. However since Venezuela's oil company is nationally owned it has been criticized as inefficient and backwards. The resource curse is also evident in Venezuela because of the enormous gap between the rich and the poor. Venezuela has a history of oil profits going to wealthy elites with little to none trickling down to the lower socioeconomic classes. The resource curse can cause a country's government to turn volatile towards their people because they do not need them for taxation.[22] The Democratic Republic of the Congo is perhaps one of the most volatile places on the planet, suffering from disease, civil war, and the resource curse. The resource curse of the Congo takes the form of diamonds.[23] While no true government exists each faction exploits the people they rule to harvest diamonds and other rare minerals. The DRC has a unique type of the resource curse because the added factor of its political instability. Instead of fueling a wealthy elite, like many resource-cursed countries, the Congo's diamonds are used to fund the ongoing civil war.
A 2008 study argues that the curse vanishes when looking not at the relative importance of resource exports in the economy but rather at a different measure: the relative abundance of natural resources in the ground. Using that variable to compare countries, it reports that resource wealth in the ground correlates with slightly higher economic growth and slightly fewer armed conflicts. That a high dependency on resource exports correlates with bad policies and effects is not caused by the large degree of resource exportation. The causation goes in the opposite direction: conflicts and bad policies created the heavy dependence on exports of natural resources. When a country's chaos and economic policies scare off foreign investors and send local entrepreneurs abroad to look for better opportunities, the economy becomes skewed. Factories may close and businesses may flee, but petroleum and precious metals remain for the taking. Resource extraction becomes the "default sector" that still functions after other industries have come to a halt.[24][25]
A 2010 working essay that examines the long-term relationship between natural resource reliance and regime type across the world from 1800 to 2006 demonstrates that increases in natural resource reliance do not induce authoritarianism. On the contrary, the authors find evidence that suggests that increasing reliance on natural resources promotes democratization.[26] These researchers also provide qualitative evidence for this fact across several countries in another article;[27] as well as evidence that there is no relationship between resource reliance and authoritarianism in Latin America.[28]
A 2011 study argues that previous assumptions that oil abundance is a curse were based on methodologies which failed to take into account cross-country differences and dependencies arising from global shocks, such as changes in technology and the price of oil. The researchers studied data from the World Bank over the period 1980 to 2006 for 53 countries, covering 85% of world GDP and 81% of world proven oil reserves. They found that oil abundance positively affected both short-term growth and long-term income levels.[29] In a companion paper, using data on 118 countries over the period 1970-2007, they show that it is the volatility in commodity prices, rather than abundance per se, that drives the resource curse paradox.[30][31]
Carbon Curse[edit]
In 2013, Oxford researchers have investigated an analogue effect: countries with significant endowments in fossil fuel resources emit more carbon dioxide to generate the same amount of economic output as countries where fossil fuels are scarce. The researchers coin this effect the 'carbon curse' and suggest that Britain and Norway are the only two fuel-producing countries that have largely managed to avoid it. Causes for fuel-rich countries succumbing to the carbon curse are a highly carbon-intensive fuel production sector often rife with 'wasteful practices' such as gas flaring, pressure on governments in petro-states to grant fuel subsidies to its citizens and businesses as well as the lack of necessity to invest in energy efficiency. In countries in which the abundant fuel happens to be coal, the country's carbon footprint is likely to be among the highest, as for instance in South Africa. Even climate-conscious Germany, that has invested enormous amounts in renewable energy, is burning huge amounts of high-carbon lignite (brown coal) because it can be easily extracted from German soil.[32]
See also[edit]
- Bribery
- Passive income
- Political corruption
- Public choice theory
- Rent seeking
- Freight equalization policy in India
- ^ Auty, Richard M. (1993). Sustaining Development in Mineral Economies: The Resource Curse Thesis. London: Routledge.
- ^ Sachs, Jeffrey D; Warner, Andrew M (1995-02-02), NBER Working Paper 5398: Natural resource abundance and economic growth, retrieved 2009-06-29
- ^ Gylfason, T (2001), "Natural resources, education, and economic development", European Economic Review (Elsevier) 45 (4-6): 847–59
- ^ Djankov, S; Montalvo, J G; Reynal-Querol, M (2008), "The curse of aid", Journal of Economic Growth (Springer) 13 (3): 169–94
- ^ Norman, C. S. "Rule of Law and the Resource Curse". Environmental and Resource Economics 43 (2): 183–207. doi:10.1007/s10640-008-9231-y.
- ^ Philippe Le Billon (2006), "Fuelling War: Natural Resources and Armed Conflicts", Adelphi Paper 373, IISS & Routledge
- ^ Natural resources and violent conflict: options and actions. Bannon, Ian and Collier, Paul (eds), (2003) World Bank,
- ^ Collier, Paul (2003) "Natural Resources, Development and Conflict: Channels of causation and Policy Interventions," World Bank.
- ^ Colgan, Jeff. "Petro-Aggression: When Oil Causes War". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved Feb 23, 2013.
- ^ Deborah Bräutigam (April 2008). "Bräutigam, Deborah (2008). Development Policy Outlook ''Taxation and Governance in Africa''". Aei.org. Retrieved 2009-06-29.
- ^ Moore, Mick; Unsworth, Sue (2007). IDS Policy Briefing How Does Taxation Affect the Quality of Governance?.
- ^ "Lifting the Natural Resource Curse". Globalpolicy.org. Retrieved 2009-06-29.
- ^ O'neil, Patrick (2004). Essentials of Comparative Politics. New York * London: Norton & Company, Inc.
- ^ O'Neil, Patrick (@004). Essentials of Comparative Politics. New York London: Norton and Company, Inc. p. 147.
- ^ "Angola: Selected Issues and Statistical Appendix. International Monetary Fund. October, 2007" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-07-26.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "The Hidden Shame of the Global Industrial Economy". Worldwatch.org. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
- ^ "The Petroleum And Poverty Paradox - Assessing U.S. And International Community Efforts To Fight The Resource Curse" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-06-21.
- ^ "Oil-to-Cash: Fighting the Resource Curse through Cash Transfers : Center for Global Development : Initiatives: Active". Cgdev.org. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
- ^ Stijns, Jean-Philippe (2006). Natural resource abundance and human capital accumulation. World Development, Volume 34, Issue 6, June, Pages 1060-1083. Dx.doi.org. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.11.005.
- ^ Friedman, Thomas L. (2006). "The First Law of Petro-politics". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 2009-06-29.
- ^ O'Neil, Patrick (2004). Essentials of Comparative Politics. New York London: Norton and Company, Inc. p. 147.
- ^ O'Neil, Patrick (2004). Essentials of Comparative Politics. New York London: Norton and Company. p. 253.
- ^ Brunnschweiler, C. N. & Bulte, E. H. (2008). "Linking Natural Resources to Slow Growth and More Conflict". Science 320 (5876): 616–617. doi:10.1126/science.1154539.
- ^ Tierney, John (2008-05-05). "Rethinking the Oil Curse". Tierneylab.blogs.nytimes.com. Retrieved 2009-06-29.
- ^ Haber, Stephen; Menaldo, Victor (2007), "Do Natural Resources Fuel Authoritarianism?", Stanford Center for International Development, Working Paper 351
- ^ Haber, Stephen; Menaldo, Victor (2010), "Lifting the Resource Curse", Hoover Digest
- ^ Haber, Stephen; Menaldo, Victor, "Natural Resources in Latin America: Neither Curse Nor Blessing", SSRN Working Paper
- ^ Cavalcanti, Tiago; Mohaddes, Kamiar & Raissi, Mehdi (2011). "Does Oil Abundance Harm Growth?". Applied Economics Letters. doi:10.1080/13504851.2010.528356.
- ^ Cavalcanti, Tiago; Mohaddes, Kamiar & Raissi, Mehdi (2011). "Commodity Price Volatility and the Sources of Growth". Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 1112.
- ^ Leong, Weishu & Mohaddes, Kamiar (2011). "Institutions and the Volatility Curse". Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 1145.
- ^ Friedrichs, Joerg & Inderwildi, Oliver (2013). "The carbon curse: Are fuel rich countries doomed to high CO2 intensities?". Energy Policy. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2013.07.076.
Further reading[edit]
- Ali, Saleem H. (2009). Treasures of the Earth: Need, Greed and a Sustainable Future. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-14161-0.
- Bulte, E. H.; Damania, R.; Deacon, R. T. (2005). "Resource intensity, institutions, and development". World Development 33 (7): 1029–1044. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.04.004.
- Dauderstädt, Michael; Schildberg, Arne, eds. (2006). Dead Ends of Transition. Rentier Economies and Protectorates. Frankfurt: Campus Verlag. ISBN 3-593-38154-0.
- Hodges, Tony (2004). Angola: Anatomy of an Oil State. Oxford: James Currey. ISBN 0-85255-875-9.
- Humphreys, Macartan; Sachs, Jeffrey D.; Stiglitz, Joseph E., eds. (2007). Escaping the Resource Curse. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-14196-3.
- Kaldor, Mary; Karl, Terry Lynn; Said, Yahia, eds. (2007). Oil Wars. London: Pluto Press. ISBN 978-0-7453-2479-1.
- Karl, Terry Lynn (1997). The Paradox of Plenty. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-07168-9.
- Ross, M. L. (1999). "The political economy of the resource curse". World Politics 51 (2): 297–322. doi:10.1353/wp.1999.0004.
- Ross, Michael (2006). "A Closer Look at Oil, Diamonds, and Civil War". Annual Review of Political Science 9: 265–300. doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.081304.161338.
- Sachs, J.; Warner, A. (2001). "The curse of natural resources". European Economic Review 45 (4–6): 827–838. doi:10.1016/S0014-2921(01)00125-8.
- Shaxson, Nicholas (2007). Poisoned Wells: the Dirty Politics of African Oil. New York: Palgrave MacMillan. ISBN 1-4039-7194-3.
- Stevens, P. (2003). "Resource impact: curse or blessing? A literature survey". Journal of Energy Literature 9 (1): 3–42.
- Wenar, Leif (2008). "Property Rights and the Resource Curse". Philosophy & Public Affairs 36 (1): 2–32. doi:10.1111/j.1088-4963.2008.00122.x.
External links[edit]
- Oxford economist Paul Collier shows an alternative to plunder resource-rich countries in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation
- Brunnschweiler, C. N.; Bulte, E. H. Linking Natural Resources to Slow Growth and More Conflict. // Science, 5/2/2008, Vol. 320 Issue 5876, p616-617, 2p
- Dunning, Thad. 2008. Crude Democracy: Natural Resource Wealth and Political Regimes (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics)
- Conference Documentation: Transforming Authoritarian Rentier Economies and Protectorates
- Institutions and the Resource Curse, by Halvor Mehlum, Karl Moene and Ragnar Torvik, The Economic Journal 2006
- Curing the Resource Curse by Saleem H. Ali
- Alayli, M. A. (2005). Resource Rich Countries and Weak Institutions: The Resource Curse Effect
- Piram, K. "Impact of Oil on Ideologies: Islamism, Nationalism and Socialism in the Middle East and North Africa". Centre Thucydide, 2010 (in French)
- Vuong, Quan Hoang; Napier, Nancy K. "Resource curse or destructive creation: A tale of crony capitalism in transition," Centre Emile Bernheim WPS, No. 12-037. December 2012.


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Game-Ending Conversion Sends USA to Cup Quarters |
Sevens - USA Sevens Men | |
When Folau Niua missed the conversion in the sixth minute of the USA's game against Spain, one hoped that the game's outcome wouldn't rely on that mistake. But as the Eagles pulled away during their third pool play game at the USA 7s, the question wasn't whether they'd win but if they'd beat Australia's point differential to qualify for the Cup quarterfinals. Niua made up for his first-half error, and in injury time, converted Nick Edwards' second try from 10 meters off the sideline. The Eagles won 22-7 to finish 1-2 in pool play and earned a berth to the Cup quarterfinals against Fiji. The game opened with a couple of USA penalties and the teams trading clearing kicks. The Eagles looked to have a promising quick lineout around their 22 meter, as ample support hustled down the field, but the referee called it back. Spain made good use of the favorable territory, however, and turned over the ball shortly after the lineout. Shortly afterward, Julen Goia Iriberri cleaned up a messy pass to step inside two defenders for the opening score. Pedro Martin slotted the conversion for the 7-0 lead. Matt Hawkins was yellow-carded for a dangerous tackle during the next possession, and the USA found themselves a man down. The Eagles enjoyed a bit of luck as Spain worked the overload, but a forward pass killed the scoring opportunity. The USA had a scrum deep in their end, so Blaine Scully attempted to clear, but the kick was blocked, and the crowd collectively gasped. But the Americans recovered the dribbling ball and shipped it to Carlin Isles, who carved through the heart of the scrambling defense. He broke toward the sideline for a straightaway, gauged his pursuer's pace, then eyed him as he angled to beneath the posts. That's when Niua missed the conversion, making Isles' risky running line go unappreciated, 7-5 Spain. With a little lift in their boots, the USA kept their kickoff, as Zach Test flew above the receivers, but came down hard and remained out of play for a minute or so. The Eagles crashed around the breakdown for a bit, but Spain's aggressive defense stressed the Eagles' now five-man roster. Isles dug out the ball, saw no support, so took off for the sidelines. He was aptly marked, but not aptly challenged in speed, and took the corner for his second try, 10-7 into the break. Spain kept pummeling away and the wily Martin made the Americans fall off tackles on several occasions. He gave Spain their most promising break in the second half, stepping past Luke Hume, who later hustled down the field to make the momentum-stopping tackle. Spain was also good about making the USA pay for slow support and forced some not-releasing penalties in the tackle. About five minutes into the second half, Spain had a midway scrum off of which to build, but the USA did well to disrupt the outlet pass and Hawkins was in perfect position for a dropped ball. He quickly sent it wide, and Nick Edwards fought and pushed his way toward the tryline. He lobbed a pass to Shalom Suniula back inside, but the pass was tipped, and Suniula had just enough ups to reign it in for the try, 15-7 USA. A minute remained in regulation, and while the USA's win appeared to be intact, they needed a converted try to beat Australia's point differential, as they would both finish pool play 1-2. Spain was yellow-carded near their 40 meter, and the Eagles worked the sidelines to spread Spain's defense. Inside the 22 meter, with Niua eyeing the green behind the posts, the scrumhalf could have chanced a lane to the try zone then and there. but there was an obvious overload out wide, and the ball worked to Edwards for his second try. Spain tracked Edwards well and the wing dotted down 10 meters off the sideline, making for a difficult conversion for Niua. But Niua finished the game like a professional, calmly slotting the two-pointer, as his teammates – and stadium – erupted into cheers. The USA is off the Cup quarterfinals, where they'll face Fiji. USA 22 Spain 7 [Photo: Zach Test prays for Folau Niua's final conversions. Ian Muir photo.] |


text:
A late offensive explosion helped Sweetwater come back to knock off Andrews on Monday afternoon.
LUBBOCK – The ACU Wildcats are back on the road this week for a pair of games against two of the top teams in the Big 12 Conference so far this season.
POTTSBORO, Texas – After Day 1 of the Texoma Chevy Dealers Lions Invitational, the McMurry University women's golf team finds itself tied for fifth place out of 14 teams, shooting a team aggregate of 339 for the first 18 holes. The event is hostd by Texas A&M University-Commerce.
INDIAN HILLS, Calif. — Hardin-Simmons' men's tennis team split a pair of matches to open its spring break California trip, beating Linfield College 8-1 and falling 6-3 to California Technological Institute, on Monday in Indian Hills, Calif.
DATAW ISLAND, S.C. — Hardin-Simmons sophomore Dylan Dawson fired a 77 and is leading the women's medalist race of the Taylor Made/Adidas Intercollegiate at the par-72, 5,820-yard Dataw Island Club in Dataw Island, S.C.


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Michael Procton '11 of High Point
"Performing with the Catawba Singers over the course of the last three years has been a unique and rewarding experience. I am more proud to have contributed to the sounds we make, the things we do, and the people that we are than any other experience in my life. I do not think of myself as being prone to hyperbole or emotional outpourings, but I know I can use a well-guarded term in describing my experiences in Europe, as a member of the Singers, and as a Catawba student: 'They will be with me forever.' In spite of my aversion to things like visiting dusty old churches, I have seen more beautiful cathedrals than I knew existed, though my greatest love is to take stage and share what I can give with an audience. I have taken the time to listen and have been moved by the ability, passion and joy that my colleagues have shared with me in performance. I can admit that I am quick to judge and quicker to insulate myself with my own interests and values, (but) inside this group, I have shared love and been rewarded with love in return. I travelled often as a child, but I now know that I did not appreciate those experiences as I should have. Over 10 days, I have made sure to take in every sight, sound and feeling s a potentially life-changing experiences. A crowd in Wangen, Germany gave more of themselves as an audience than some ever do in performance. A path less travelled in descending an Austria peak had its merits despite the fear my companions had that we might find a new country down the "wrong" side of the town in which it was located; the journey led to a chance to learn from an Irishman that it's important to know the difference between the "turf and dirt," tasting notes of scotch. Of all the churches we visited as part of our planned itinerary, my favorite was one I discovered on my own in Germany. The space was ornate, but intimate, and the presence of God was apparent. To summarize my time here in a tidy catch phrase or even a well-regimented essay format would be at best difficult, and perhaps impossible, however, I can say this: sharing this time with these people has been an uncommon joy. As a recently graduated senior, I can only hope that other students value the opportunity to travel and learn with their friends in the Catawba family – turning one down would be a grand mistake."


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Acid Reflux Disease (GERD) (cont.) Medical Author:
P John Simic, MD
Vincent W Yang, MD, PhD
Medical Editor:
John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP
John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEPJohn P. Cunha, DO, is a U.S. board-certified Emergency Medicine Physician. Dr. Cunha's educational background includes a BS in Biology from Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, and a DO from the Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences in Kansas City, MO. He completed residency training in Emergency Medicine at Newark Beth Israel Medical Center in Newark, New Jersey. IN THIS ARTICLE
Synonyms and Keywordsacid reflux, acid reflux disease, esophageal reflux, esophagus, food pipe, GERD, heartburn, chronic heartburn, hiatal hernia, reflux esophagitis, antacids, acid blockers, stomach acid, reflux, lower esophageal sphincter, LES, symptoms of GERD, symptoms of reflux, GI endoscopy, gastrointestinal endoscopy, barium swallow, esophageal manometry, 24-hour pH monitoring, treatment of reflux, treatment of GERD, diaphragm, bitter acid, vomiting, promotility drug, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease FAQs Next Page: Must Read Articles Related to Acid Reflux Disease (GERD)
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