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North Melbourne Football Club
Names | |
Full name | North Melbourne Football Club Ltd[1] |
Nickname(s) | Kangaroos, Roos, Shinboners |
Motto | Victoria amat curam |
2013 season | |
Home-and-away season | 10th |
Pre-season | 7th |
Leading goalkicker | Lindsay Thomas (53) |
Best and fairest | Scott Thompson & Daniel Wells |
Club details | |
Founded | 1869 |
Colours | Royal blue, white |
Competition | Australian Football League |
Chairman | James Brayshaw |
Coach | Brad Scott |
Captain(s) | Andrew Swallow |
Premierships | VFA: 6 (1903, 1904, 1910, 1914, 1915, 1918) AFL/VFL: 4 (1975, 1977, 1996, 1999) |
Ground(s) | Docklands Stadium (capacity: 56,347) |
Arden Street Oval (Training) (capacity: 15,000) | |
Bellerive Oval (capacity: 16,200) | |
Other information | |
Official website | www.kangaroos.com.au |
The North Melbourne Football Club, nicknamed The Kangaroos, is the fourth oldest Australian rules football club in the Australian Football League (AFL) and is one of the oldest sporting clubs in Australia and the world. It is based at the Arden Street Oval in the inner Melbourne suburb of North Melbourne, but plays its home matches at the nearby Docklands Stadium.
The club is characterised by its inner-city location, its working-class background, the doggedness of successive administrators and an iron-like vision to survive and eventually succeed, despite the odds. The club's mascot is a grey or red kangaroo, dating from the middle of the 20th century. The club is also unofficially known as "The Shinboners", a term which dates back to its 19th-century abattoir-worker origins. The club's motto is Victoria amat curam, Latin for "Victory Demands Dedication".
Club history[edit]
" | In two aspects North Melbourne stands second to none. One is the loyalty of its supporters. The other is the determination to carry on, despite its disadvantages. In the face of adversity, which might well have broken the spirit of most men, we find that from the earliest days there were always enthusiasts to fight for North Melbourne. | " |
—The Australasian 15 June 1940. |
Formative years[edit]
North Melbourne Football Club originated in the year 1869, when a football team was formed for local cricketers desiring to keep fit over the winter months. One thought is that the club was connected to the St Mary's Church of England Cricket Club, now the St Mary's Anglican Church North Melbourne, whose colours – blue and white – are reflected in the North Melbourne's colours today.[2] The association between the St Mary's Church of England Cricket Club and the establishment of the North Melbourne Football Club is believed to have been an informal gathering to play some competitive sport. Information on the club's first ever match is limited, but it is known that it took place in Royal Park, which also served as the club's home ground until 1882. The ball used in the match was purchased by a local resident called Tom Jacks, who sold some roofing iron to pay for it.[citation needed] James Henry Gardiner is considered the founder of the club. He continued an active role with North Melbourne until his death in 1921.[citation needed]
Regular premiership matches of Australian Football commenced in Victoria in 1870. Although North Melbourne was a part of this, it was classed as a "junior club". The Australasian noted them as being "one of the best of many junior clubs".[citation needed]
The club continued to develop, graduating to senior ranks in 1874 finishing 4th. Along with the promotion, the club adopted its first uniform of blue and white horizontal stripes.[citation needed]
In 1876 North Melbourne amalgamated with Albert Park to form "North Melbourne Cum Albert Park", but by 1877 the local community had raised sufficient funds to reestablish the club, under the new name of "Hotham".[citation needed]
Association years[edit]
Football took a giant step forward in 1877, with the formation of Victoria's first colonial football league, the VFA. Hotham were prime movers in establishing this league and were afforded a place in light of their previous contributions to Australian Football.[citation needed]
The 1880s marked the emergence of the modern identity we now associate with North today. In 1882, the club amalgamated with the Hotham Cricket Club and moved into the North Melbourne Recreation Reserve (Arden St Oval), which remains the home of the club today. The joint venture was aimed at affecting improvements at the Hotham Cricket Ground, which was the name of the Reserve at the time. Four years later the club adopted the traditional uniform of blue and white vertical stripes at the insistence of the VFA, who wanted a visible contrast between Geelong's and Hotham's uniforms. The third significant development occurred in 1888 with the club returning to its original name of the North Melbourne Football Club. This followed the name of the local area reverting from Hotham to North Melbourne.
The 1880s saw the club develop a penchant for inter-colonial travel with trips to Tasmania (1881/1887) and South Australia (1889). Hotham also found itself well represented at the first ever inter-colonial representative game in 1879 with four players from the club gaining selection for Victoria.
Disregarded by the VFL[edit]
The VFA grew to 13 senior clubs in the 1890s. Led by Geelong and Essendon, the largest clubs of the VFA formed their own break away league, the Victorian Football League (VFL), in 1896. Despite finishing 6th in 1896, North Melbourne was not invited to the breakaway competition. The main reasons for being excluded were:
- North had not won a premiership yet, and thus was not considered a powerful club
- The industrialisation of the locality had drained the club's income streams
- The club had a strong reputation for hooliganism from their fans
- There was a lot of bad blood between Collingwood and North following a torrid engagement in the previous season
- Essendon felt threatened by the proximity of North Melbourne
- A court case against the North Melbourne Cricket Club had damaged the Football Club's status
North continued on in the depleted VFA, emerging as a powerhouse, finishing 2nd in 1897, 1898 and 1899. In 1903, after 34 years of competing, the club won its first premiership, defeating Richmond in the final. The club became back to back premiers in 1904 after Richmond forfeited the grand final due to the appointment of an umpire whose performance when the two teams met earlier in the year was severely criticised by Richmond players and officials.[3]
North merged with fellow VFA football club West Melbourne in 1907, which at the time had lost its home ground. The joint venture saw a chance of promotion, and the club applied for admission to the more prestigious VFL in 1908, but Richmond and University were admitted instead. North was kicked out of the VFA during the 1907/08 offseason as a result of applying to join the VFL,[4] before the local community reestablished the North Melbourne Football Club under a new committee, successfully enabling the club to play in the VFA in the 1908 season.[5]
"The Invincibles"[edit]
The reformation of the Club necessitated a massive clean out of the team, leaving only two players remaining from the previous season. The 1910 season was marked by one of the most sensational transfers in Victorian football history, when Andy Curran masterminded the clearance of Carlton's famed "Big Four" of 'Mallee' Johnson, Fred Jinks, Charlie Hammond and Frank 'Silver' Caine to North Melbourne. These signings secured the Northerners' third premiership in 1910.
The 1912 finals series was one of the most amazing ever, with the semi-final having to be played three times, after North and Brunswick drew twice. North was eventually victorious and moved on to the final, but lost the game by a mere four points with the last kick of the day.
The next few years were punctuated by "The Invincibles". In the Northerners' most illustrious period ever, the club went undefeated from 1914 to 1919, collecting premierships in 1914, 1915 and 1918 – the league was in recess in 1916 and 1917 due to World War I. As well as this, the club won the championship in both 1915 and 1918 for finishing on top of the ladder, and accounted for VFL side St Kilda comfortably. During this period the club won 58 consecutive matches including 49 successive premiership matches, a record that has remained unmatched in Association or League history since.
Despite being rejected from the VFL in both 1896 and 1907, North persisted in trying to gain admission into the League. On 30 June 1921, North told its players it would disband and try to gain entry to the VFL by the 'back-door'. Essendon League Football Club had lost its playing ground at East Melbourne and had decided to acquire the North Melbourne Recreation Reserve as a new playing ground. North accepted their proposal in the idea that the clubs would amalgamate. All of North's players were urged to join the Essendon League Club to help facilitate the amalgamation. The amalgamation was foiled when some members of the VFA launched a successful legal challenge.[6] As a result the Essendon League Club moved instead to the Essendon Oval, replacing the ground's original occupants, Essendon Association.
North was now without a playing team and the Essendon Association Club was now without a ground, so as a matter of convenience the two clubs amalgamated so they could compete in the 1922 season. As it had after the merger with West Melbourne, North once again managed to avert its destruction.
Entering the VFL[edit]
After three attempts, 29 years of waiting and numerous other applications to enter the VFL, finally North was rewarded for its persistence with admittance to the League in 1925, along with Footscray and Hawthorn. Even then, the opportunity was almost lost as the League delegates debated into the early hours of the morning on which clubs should be invited to join the intake. It was only after much deliberation that North Melbourne's name was eventually substituted for Prahran's making North "the lucky side" of the invitees that included Footscray and Hawthorn. North Melbourne was forced to change its uniform to avoid a clash when it joined the VFL.
North Melbourne were cellar dwellers for its first twenty-five years of VFL membership, but by the late 1940s had developed a strong list and significant supporter base. In 1949 North secured the VFL Minor Premiership, finishing top of the ladder at the end of the home-and-away season with 14 wins and 5 losses. They failed to make the Grand Final that year (eventually won by Essendon), but in 1950 they did reach the final, defeated by a more efficient Essendon. It was in this year that the club adopted the "Kangaroos" mascot.[7]
In February 1965, North Melbourne moved its playing and training base from the Arden Street Oval to Coburg Oval, signing a seven year lease with the City of Coburg[8] after initially negotiating long-term leases for up to 40 years.[9] The club came to an arrangement to merge with the VFA's Coburg Football Club, whom it was displacing from the ground;[10] fourteen Coburg committeemen joined the North Melbourne committee, but the merger was never completed after Coburg established a rival committee which remained loyal to the VFA.[11] The lease at Coburg lasted only eight months; the Coburg council was hesitant to build a new grandstand without the security of a long-term lease, and neither party made the returns they expected, so it was terminated by mutual agreement in September 1965 and North Melbourne returned to the Arden Street Oval.[12][13]
Onfield, the 1950s and 1960s were lean years for North Melbourne, though the club did secure two consecutive Night Premierships in 1965 and 1966. Allen Aylett was a brilliant player in the late 1950s and early 1960s (and captain between 1961 and 1964), as was Noel Teasdale, who lost the Brownlow Medal on a countback in 1965 (he was later awarded a retrospective medal when the counting system was amended).
Golden era[edit]
In the late 1960s, under the leadership of Allen Aylett, North Melbourne began its climb to supremacy. As part of a major recruitment drive North secured the services of several big name stars including Barry Davis from Essendon and Doug Wade (Geelong), John Rantall (South Melbourne), Barry Cable (Perth). In a major coup, the great Ron Barassi was appointed coach in 1973. Barrassi reversed the club's playing fortunes, taking an unremarkable team that was once regarded as the traditional cellar dwellers of the competition, through a golden era of success that transformed North into one of the powerhouses of the VFL. Barassi took North to a Grand Final (defeated by Richmond) in 1974 and brought success in his 1975 and 1977 seasons. North made five consecutive Grand Finals from 1974–1978)[14]:209 and defeated Norwood in the 1975 national championship to be declared Champions of Australia.
In 1973 and 1974, North's wingman Keith Greig won consecutive Brownlow Medals; forward Malcolm Blight then won the award in 1978. Doug Wade won the Coleman medal in 1974 with his 103 goals for the season.
Barassi remained team coach until 1980, but only a Night Premiership in that year was to result from his last years at Arden Street. North then entered another period of decline, though Malcolm Blight kicked 103 goals to take out the Coleman medal in 1982, and another Brownlow win came through the talented Ross Glendinning in 1983. In that year, North Melbourne won a third Minor Premiership with 16 wins and 6 losses for the season, but failed to make the Grand Final.
Team of the 1990s[edit]
The capable coaching of John Kennedy aside, the 1980s and early 1990s were lean years for the Kangaroos. However, the rebuilding of the club was taking place. The Krakouer brothers (Jim and Phil) brought a spark into the side and lifted many hopes for North supporters and the excitement to the general football public. The innovative idea of night games was instigated by the club and meeting the challenges, the club survived. One major highlight was the recruitment of forward John Longmire in 1989, who topped the club goalkicking over five consecutive seasons (1990–1994) and won the Coleman medal in 1990 with 98 goals. At the beginning of the 1993 season, in a dramatic and controversial move, the board of the club sacked coach and long-time player Wayne Schimmelbusch, and appointed Denis Pagan in his place. Results were immediate, as North reached the finals for the first time in nearly a decade.
Pagan was instrumental in appointing young centre half-forward Wayne Carey as the club's youngest-ever captain. Carey had been recruited at the same time as Longmire, but taken longer to develop as a player. Over the next nine seasons, Carey came to be regarded as the standout player in the league, and was known as 'the King'.
1996 AFL Grand Final | G | B | Total |
North Melbourne | 19 | 17 | 131 |
Sydney Swans | 13 | 10 | 88 |
Venue: Melbourne Cricket Ground | Crowd: 93,102[14] |
North Melbourne became a powerhouse through the 1990s under Pagan and Carey, and finished in the top four from 1994 until 2000. After being eliminated in the preliminary finals in 1994 and 1995, North went on to defeat the Sydney Swans in the 1996 Grand Final to take out the club's third premiership, and the gold centenary AFL cup; Glenn Archer won the Norm Smith Medal. The club was again eliminated in the preliminary final in 1997. In 1998, as the club won both the pre-season Ansett Cup and topped the ladder with 16 wins and 6 losses, but went on to lose the 1998 Grand Final to Adelaide, not helped by an inaccurate goalkicking performance of 8.22 (70) to Adelaide's 15.15 (105). In 1999, the Kangaroos finished in second position on the ladder, and went on to defeat Carlton in the Grand Final, winning the club's fourth VFL/AFL premiership; former Sydney midfielder Shannon Grant taking out the Norm Smith Medal. The club was eliminated in the preliminary finals in 2000 against Melbourne.
1998 AFL Ansett Australia Cup Final | G | B | Total |
North Melbourne | 14 | 13 | 97 |
St Kilda | 12 | 11 | 83 |
Venue: Waverley Park | Crowd: 63,898 |
In 1996, the club was in advanced talks with the Fitzroy Football Club, which was in a terminal financial condition, to a merger between the two clubs; however, Fitzroy ultimately merged with the Brisbane Bears instead.
1999 AFL Grand Final | G | B | Total |
North Melbourne | 19 | 10 | 124 |
Carlton | 12 | 17 | 89 |
Venue: Melbourne Cricket Ground | Crowd: 94,228[14]:670 |
Seeking new markets and greater financial security in an increasingly corporatized AFL environment, the title "North Melbourne" was officially dropped from the logo in 1999, from which time the team played only as the "Kangaroos". During the successful 1999 season, North Melbourne played home games in Sydney with a view of becoming a second team in New South Wales; however, the experiment was not successful, with crowds averaging only 12,000.
21st century[edit]
The 21st century did not begin well for North Melbourne. Its decade-long onfield potency was in decline, questions were raised about its financial position and long-term sustainability. Furthermore, three of the people most important to the club's success in the 1990s left the club under acrimonious circumstances: CEO Greg Miller left the club, captain Wayne Carey left prior to the 2002 season following an extramarital affair with the wife of team-mate and vice captain Anthony Stevens, coach Denis Pagan was lured to Carlton at the end of 2002. Pagan was replaced by 1996 premiership player Dean Laidley, who had previously been an Assistant Coach at Collingwood from 1999 until the end of season 2002.
On a post-season holiday, several players were caught in the 2002 Bali bombing terrorist attack. Forward Jason McCartney suffered severe burns in the incident. He memorably played one final game for the club, on 6 June 2003 against Richmond, and he set up the winning goal with seconds remaining. He retired immediately after the game.
Onfield, the club reached the elimination finals in 2002 and 2005, but otherwise failed to reach the finals from 2001 until 2006.
Push to the Gold Coast[edit]
After its unsuccessful 2006 and weak off-field position, early 2007 saw the club receiving significant negative media attention. The team was expected to perform poorly on-field, there was conflict between members of the club's board, and speculation of a relocation of the club to the Gold Coast, with the club playing three home games on the Gold Coast in each of 2007 and 2008. The club had a brief on-field resurgence and finished 3rd, reaching the preliminary finals in 2007 and the elimination finals in 2008.
The AFL was keen to establish a team into the expanding Gold Coast market, and the Kangaroos were offered a deal by the league to the Gold Coast at the end of the 2007 season. The club ultimately rejected the offer, and the league immediately set to work establishing a new franchise for the area – the Gold Coast Suns, who would enter the league in 2011. The club returned to using the name "North Melbourne", rather than simply "Kangaroos" from 2008, and played a further three home matches on the Gold Coast in 2008, but none thereafter.
Since 2009[edit]
After two seasons of finals, North Melbourne dropped to 13th in 2009, and coach Dean Laidley, was replaced by ex-Brisbane Lions premiership player and Collingwood assistant coach Brad Scott. A $15M redevelopment of the Arden Street, which had started in 2006, was completed in 2009, giving the club top-class training facilities.
North Melbourne struggled in its first two years under Scott, finishing 9th in both 2010 and 2011. In 2012, the club returned to the finals for the first time since 2008, finishing the season in 8th place but would go down to the West Coast Eagles by 96 points in the elimination final. In 2012, the club began a three-year deal to play two games each year at Blundstone Arena in Hobart, Tasmania. The club finished 10th in 2013 in a season full of close losses.
Club symbols and identity[edit]
Name and mascot[edit]
The club was widely known as the 'Shinboners' for much of their early history. The origins of this nickname are unknown but it may have had something to do with the club's reputation for targeting the shinbones of opposition players, or to do with local butchers who showed their support for North by dressing up beef leg-bones in the club colours. By 1926, the club was known as the 'Blue Birds' but this nickname did not last. It was Phonse Tobin, North president from 1953–56, who oversaw the club adopting the Kangaroos emblem in 1954; Tobin found the image of a shinbone unsavoury and wanted the club to have a mascot it could show with pride. In selecting a new name, he wanted something characteristically Australian and got inspiration from a giant Kangaroo he saw on display outside a city store.
The official name of the club is North Melbourne, but the club has gone under several other aliases over the years. The club was originally founded as the 'North Melbourne Football Club', but changed to 'North Melbourne cum Albert Park' after merging with Albert Park in 1876. Following the reformation of the club in 1877, it was known as the 'Hotham Football Club' but later retook the name 'North Melbourne' in 1888. In 1998 the club proposed changing its name to the 'Northern Kangaroos', but it was rejected by the AFL. Between 1999 and 2007, the club traded without much success as 'The Kangaroos' in a bid to increase its appeal nationally; this decision was reversed at the end of 2007, and the club has once again reverted to the name 'North Melbourne'.
Home grounds[edit]
Homegrounds | Years |
Royal Park | 1869–1875 |
Albert Park | 1876 |
Royal Park | 1877–1882 |
Arden Street Oval | 1882–1964 |
Coburg City Oval | 1965 |
Arden Street Oval | 1966–1985 |
Melbourne Cricket Ground | 1985–2002 |
Docklands Stadium | 2002–present |
North Melbourne's guernsey since entering the VFL in 1925 has consisted of white and royal blue vertical stripes. The guernsey is predominantly white.
The current clash guernsey is a reversed version of the home strip, with blue stripes where the white stripes traditionally are placed and vice versa; as such, the clash strip is predominantly royal blue, rather than predominantly white, creating a much darker design.
Guernsey details | ||||||
Season | Manufacturer | Guernsey sponsor(s) | Short sponsor | |||
1975–1978 | — | Courage | — | |||
1979–1984 | — | Budget | — | |||
1985–1992 | — | Qantas | — | |||
1993–1995 | — | NZI Insurance | — | |||
1996 | Nike | Hypertec PCs | NZI Insurance | |||
1997 | Hewlett-Packard | SmokeFree | ||||
1998 | ||||||
1999 | Mazda, SmokeFree | Wentworth | ||||
2000 | ||||||
2001 | Russell Athletic | iPrimus | ||||
2002 | Mazda | |||||
2003 | ||||||
2004 | Bont | Mazda, Primus | Primus | |||
2005 | ||||||
2006 | Reebok | |||||
2007 | ||||||
2008 | Mazda, Vodafone | Blackwoods | ||||
2009 | X-Blades | Mazda 3 | ||||
2010 | ||||||
2011 | Mazda BT-50 | |||||
2012/13 |
Club song[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2012) |
"Join in the Chorus" is the official anthem of the North Melbourne Football Club. It is sung to the tune of a Scottish folk song "A Wee Deoch and Doris", from around 1911.[15]
The famed song is generally sung, in accordance to common football tradition, after a victory. It is also played before every match.
"Join in the Chorus" is believed to be the oldest club anthem of any AFL club, and has been associated with North from its early VFA days. The preamble of the song originates from a score of a Theatre Musical called 'Australia: Heart to Heart and Hand to Hand" written by Toso Taylor in the 1890s in pre-federation Australia.[16] The second verse is unknown in origin and was presumably added later by members of the North Melbourne Football Club when the song was chosen as the club theme. The chorus was appropriated from a song written and performed by Scottish musician Harry Lauder. The recording currently used by the club was performed by the Fable Singers in April 1972 and only includes the choruses.[17]
The song has a strong Victorian heritage, and has been traditionally sung by the Victorian State Football and Victorian Cricket teams respectively. The lyrics have occasionally been changed, including updating the year in the song (e.g. North Melbourne will be premiers in 1993), or to remove the words "North Melbourne" during the period when the club was competing as 'Kangaroos'.
Shinboner spirit[edit]
" | At clubs with bigger memberships, their supporters only touch their colours, but at North we have the Shinboner spirit. North people can touch that spirit – they are the real Shinboners, they are the club. | " |
—Ron Joseph |
The term "Shinboner spirit" is often used to refer to camaraderie and determination of players or members of the North Melbourne Football Club. The term persists to the modern day, despite North Melbourne having switched its official nickname from Shinboners to Kangaroos in the 1950s.
Because it relates to the club's original nickname, Shinboner spirit is often associated with the complete history of the club. In 2005, to celebrate the club's 80th anniversary of senior competition in the VFL and the thirtieth anniversary of the first VFL premiership, the Kangaroos held a "Shinboner Spirit" gala event, attended by almost the entire surviving playing list. In the awards ceremony, the key Shinboners of the past eighty years were acknowledged, and Glenn Archer was named the "Shinboner of the Century".
The North Melbourne Football Club is a non-profit organisation limited by guarantee. Members of the club serve as the guarantees of capital, and have full voting rights at AGMs to elect directors to the club's board.
The club's board compromises nine directors with each director serving a 3-year term before their position is put up for re-election at an AGM. Only one-third of the board is contested at each AGM due to the rolling structure of the terms of the directors. This structure safeguards the entire board from being ousted at a single AGM, and has made North Melbourne immune to a lot of the in house fighting witnessed at other AFL football clubs. The board governs the club as well as selecting a chairman to head the club through a majority vote of directors.
North Melbourne is unique in its structure, because from 1986 to 2006 the club was privately owned and limited by shares. The club was floated in 1986 through a membership vote led by then chairman Bob Ansett. At the meeting, members were encouraged to buy into the club by purchasing shares. The float ended up raising over $3 million and helped to keep the club solvent through the next decade.
In 1991, the John Elliott-led Carlton Football Club attempted a hostile take over North Melbourne by purchasing a large parcel of shares formerly owned by Bob Ansett. The Blues acquired 20 per cent of the capital but that stake was eventually bought back by John Magowan, the former head of Merrill Lynch Australia, in 2001. The resulting melodrama saw the formation of B-Class shareholders who had the effective power of veto over any attempt to merge or relocate the club.
Further takeover attempts were made in the first decade of the 21st century by the Southport Sharks. Then chairman Allan Aylett knocked back a proposal from the Sharks that would have seen them gain a majority stake in the club in exchange for an injection of capital. In early 2006, another proposal from Sharks to underwrite Kangaroos games on the Gold Coast, in exchange for a slice of the shareholder structure at the club was knocked back after AFL intervention.
Due to an Australian Tax Office ruling in 2006, the club proposed a shareholder restructure that would have seen the B Class shareholders power reduced significantly and some voting rights returned to members. This was done to avoid extraordinary taxes being placed on the club, but the move was blocked in December by Bob Ansett and his proxies who feared that the restructure would make the club vulnerable to further takeover bids.
On 28 February 2007, another meeting was called to resolve the shareholder issue, and a motion was passed that would return see some voting rights return to members and stop any future tax increments.
In April 2007 it was revealed the AFL was attempting to buy out the shareholders of the club in a bid to gain full ownership, and force a relocation of the club to the Gold Coast.
During October 2007, a group called We Are North Melbourne emerged and launched a public campaign, calling for ordinary members to be given the final say on the relocation issue. While the group became synonymous with the push to keep the club in Melbourne, its first priority was to see the club's shareholder structure wound-up and control returned to ordinary members.
North Melbourne reverted to public company in November 2008. A moratorium was passed at an extraordinary general meeting that will allow James Brayshaw's board to serve unopposed until 2010, so as to allow his ticket the maximum time to enact their policies to make the North Melbourne Football Club financially viable.
Membership base[edit]
In 2007, research conducted by Roy Morgan estimated that 228,000 people Australia-wide followed the club[citation needed], second only to Melbourne Football Club as the smallest supporter base in the league[citation needed]. Decisions to play more games interstate and to change the club's name, are thought to have alienated Melbourne based supporters[citation needed], and this is reflected in Roy Morgan's research which suggested that North had lost 14% of its supporter base since their golden era ended in 2000[citation needed]. On 21 June 2013, North Melbourne announced through their official website that the Membership tally for 2013 had reached "34,372 – one higher than the Roos have ever had before.".[18]
Season | Members | Change from previous season | Finishing position | Average Attendance | Total Attendance |
1984 | 6,374 | — | 11th | 17,675 | 388,856 |
1985 | 6,520 | 146 (+2.29%) | 4th | 24,042 | 577,019 |
1986 | 5,318 | 1202 (−18.44%) | 7th | 21,592 | 475,032 |
1987 | 3,430 | 1888 (−35.50%) | 5th | 21,108 | 485,491 |
1988 | 4,415 | 985 (+28.72%) | 11th | 15,662 | 344,558 |
1989 | 3,411 | 1004 (−22.74%) | 9th | 17,759 | 390,693 |
1990 | 5,201 | 1790 (+52.48%) | 6th | 19,526 | 429,565 |
1991 | 6,683 | 1482 (+28.49%) | 8th | 20,574 | 452,617 |
1992 | 6,083 | 600 (−8.98%) | 12th | 19,652 | 432,350 |
1993 | 6,851 | 768 (+12.63%) | 5th | 27,213 | 571,481 |
1994 | 10,296 | 3445 (+50.28%) | 3rd | 33,177 | 796,254 |
1995 | 14,027 | 3731 (+36.24%) | 3rd | 35,379 | 884,477 |
1996 | 14,438 | 411 (+2.93%) | 1st | 37,827 | 945,678 |
1997 | 19,368 | 4930 (+34.15%) | 4th | 36,873 | 921,829 |
1998 | 20,196 | 828 (+4.26%) | 2nd | 38,336 | 958,394 |
1999 | 22,080 | 1884 (+9.33%) | 1st | 34 814 | 870,349 |
2000 | 22,156 | 76 (+0.34%) | 4th | 33,471 | 836,765 |
2001 | 21,409 | 747 (−3.37%) | 13th | 30,209 | 664,601 |
2002 | 20,831 | 578 (−2.70%) | 7th | 26,879 | 618,211 |
2003 | 21,403 | 572 (+2.76%) | 10th | 29,812 | 655,854 |
2004 | 23,420 | 2017 (+9.42%) | 10th | 28,300 | 622,580 |
2005 | 24,154 | 734 (+3.13%) | 7th | 31,511 | 724,757 |
2006 | 24,700 | 546 (+2.26%) | 14th | 28,849 | 634,686 |
2007 | 22,372 | 2328 (−9.43%) | 3rd | 33,458 | 836,445 |
2008 | 34,342 | 11970 (+53.50%) | 8th | 29,569 | 680,095 |
2009 | 30,613 | 3729 (−10.86%) | 13th | 27,028 | 594,606 |
2010 | 29,272 | 1341 (−4.38%) | 9th | 27,435 | 603,586 |
2011 | 30,362 | 1090 (+3.97%) | 9th | 25,734 | 617,625 |
2012 | 33,754 | 3392 (+11.17%) | 8th | 24,666 | 567,323 |
2013 | 35,194 [19] | 1440 (+4.09%) | 10th | 28,683 | 631,035 |
2014 | 30,136* |
- as of 10 March 2014.
Night football[edit]
In 1985, North Melbourne pioneered the concept of playing football on Friday nights. Since then, North Melbourne has played the most Friday night games of any AFL club.[citation needed]
Friday night matches later became the most lucrative timeslot for televised games, and North Melbourne's relatively low supporter base resulted in less Friday night matches. Since 2010, North Melbourne has hosted an annual Friday night match against Carlton in recognition of its pioneering role in the concept.[20]
Indigenous players[edit]
North Melbourne has a strong history of supporting Aboriginal footballers and fostering Aboriginal talent in the VFL and AFL. The first indigenous footballer to play for the club was Percy Johnson in the 1950s, and was followed by other fan favorites like Bertie Johnson, Barry Cable and the Krakouer brothers in the following decades.[21]
The following is a list of Indigenous footballers to have played senior football at the club:[22][23]
- Cec Gomez † (1925)
- Alf Egan † (1934–35)
- Percy Johnson (1951–1955)
- Bert Johnson (1965–1968)
- Alan Bloomfield (1970–71)
- Barry Cable (1970, 1974–1977)
- Craig Holden † (1982–1983)
- Jim Krakouer (1982–1989)
- Phil Krakouer (1982–1989)
- Derek Kickett (1989)
- Andrew Krakouer (1989–1990)
- Adrian McAdam (1993–1995)
- Warren Campbell (1994–1995)
- Winston Abraham (1998–2001)
- Byron Pickett (1997–2002)
- Gary Dhurrkay (1999–2000)
- Shannon Motlop (1999–2003)
- Daniel Motlop (2001–2005)
- Daniel Wells (2003–present)
- Eddie Sansbury (2004–2008)
- Djaran Whyman (2007)
- Matt Campbell (2007–2012)
- Lindsay Thomas (2007–present)
- Cruize Garlett (2009–2012)
†: Aboriginality uncertain
Killed in action[edit]
The following footballers who were killed in action during the World Wars played senior football for North Melbourne.
World War I[edit]
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
World War II[edit]
This section does not cite any references or sources. (May 2011) |
Essendon (main) – North and Essendon have a chequered history that dates back to the late 19th century; firstly in 1896, Essendon had North excluded from the VFL because both clubs drew supporters from the same area. North supporters have long been bitter with Essendon for excluding them from the VFL, and have blamed that for their small supporter base in comparison to Essendon's. North's first VFL Grand Final was against Essendon in 1950. The rivalry was reignited in the 90s; in 1998, some North fans decided to inform Essendon of their softness by throwing marshmallows at Bombers coach Kevin Sheedy after a Qualifying Final.
Hawthorn – North and Hawthorn have a fierce rivalry that dates back to the 1970s when they played off against each other in three Grand Finals in the space of four years. From 1974 to 1978 the two clubs played against each other in ten finals, and took each other on for the Australian Championship in Adelaide in 1976. During the 1980s Hawthorn dominated North, and during the 90s the results were reversed with North dominating Hawthorn.
Collingwood – North and Collingwood have a small kind of rivalry between them. As they drew in the 1977 Grand Final, which North went on to win to the replay by 27 points.[24]
Carlton – North Melbourne was listed on the stock market in 1987 and in 1989 Carlton bought 20% of the shares. In 1988 there was a merger proposal put to North Melbourne, that was rejected.[25]
Club honour board[edit]
Honour roll[edit]
Year | W: L: D | Position | Chairman | CEO | Coach | Captain | Vice-Captain | Best and Fairest | Leading Goalkicker |
2000 | 15:10:0 | 4th | R. P. Casey/A. Carter | G. Miller | D. Pagan | W. Carey | A. Stevens | P. Bell | W. Carey 69 |
2001 | 9:13:0 | 13th | A. Carter/A. Aylett | G. Miller/M. Easy | D. Pagan | W. Carey | A. Stevens | S. Grant | S. Rocca 48 |
2002 | 12:11:0 | 7th | A. Aylett | M. Easy/G. Walsh | D. Pagan | A. Stevens | G. Archer | A. Simpson | S. Rocca 50 |
2003 | 11:10:1 | 10th | A. Aylett | G. Walsh | D. Laidley | A. Stevens | G. Archer | B. Harvey | L. Harding 33 |
2004 | 10:12:0 | 10th | A. Aylett | G. Walsh | D. Laidley | A. Simpson | B. Harvey | B. Rawlings | S. Rocca 49 |
2005 | 13:10:0 | 7th | A. Aylett/G. Duff | G. Walsh | D. Laidley | A. Simpson | B. Harvey | B. Harvey | N. Thompson 52 |
2006 | 7:15:0 | 14th | G. Duff | G. Walsh/R. Aylett | D. Laidley | A. Simpson | B. Harvey | B. Rawlings | N. Thompson 54 |
2007 | 15:10:0 | 3rd | G. Duff/J. Magowan/J. Brayshaw | R. Aylett | D. Laidley | A. Simpson | B. Harvey | B. Harvey | C. Jones 43 |
2008 | 12:10:1 | 7th | J. Brayshaw | E. Arocca | D. Laidley | A. Simpson | B. Harvey | B. Harvey | D. Hale 37 |
2009 | 7:14:1 | 13th | J. Brayshaw | E. Arocca | D. Laidley/D. Crocker | B. Harvey | D. Petrie | A. Swallow | D. Petrie 27 |
2010 | 11:11:0 | 9th | J. Brayshaw | E. Arocca | B. Scott | B. Harvey | D. Petrie | B. Harvey, B. Rawlings | L. Thomas 29 |
2011 | 10:12:0 | 9th | J. Brayshaw | E. Arocca | B. Scott | B. Harvey | D. Petrie | A. Swallow, D. Wells | D. Petrie 48 |
2012 | 14:8:0 | 8th | J. Brayshaw | E.Arocca/C.Vale | B. Scott | A. Swallow | D. Petrie, J. Ziebell | A.Swallow | D. Petrie 57 |
2013 | 10:12:0 | 10th | J. Brayshaw | C.Dilena | B. Scott | A. Swallow | D. Petrie, J. Ziebell | D.Well, S Thompson | L. Thomas 53 |
North Melbourne Team of the Century[edit]
At a special function in August 2001 the North Melbourne Team of the Century was announced. There was no minimum number of games set for selection. Wayne Carey was named as captain and Denis Pagan as coach. The selection panel was Geoff Poulter (journalist), Father Gerard Dowling (club historian), Keith McKenzie (former coach), Lloyd Holyoak (former president), Max Ritchie (former player and chairman of selectors) and Greg Miller (chief executive).
North Melbourne Team of the Century | |||
B: | Glenn Archer | David Dench | Mick Martyn |
HB: | John Rantall | Ross Glendinning | Ted Jarrard |
C: | Keith Greig | Les Foote | Laurie Dwyer |
HF: | Malcolm Blight | Wayne Carey (c) | Wayne Schimmelbusch |
F: | John Dugdale | Jock Spencer | Allen Aylett |
Foll: | Noel Teasdale | Anthony Stevens | Barry Cable |
Int: | Brent Crosswell | Barry Davis | Peter Steward |
Sam Kekovich | Jim Krakouer | Brent Harvey | |
Coach: | Denis Pagan |
Shinboner of the Century[edit]
On 18 March 2005, the North Melbourne football club held a special gala dinner entitled the "North Story" to celebrate the 80th anniversary of North's admission to the VFL, and the 30th anniversary of the club's first VFL premiership. Over 3500 people attended the historic event held at the Royal Exhibition Building, including almost all surviving North Melbourne players. Glenn Archer was voted the Shinboner of the Century by his peers as the player who most represents the 'Shinboner Spirit'. The following players were voted 'Shinboners' of their era:
- Les Foote – Shinboner of the early era (1925–50)
- Allen Aylett – Shinboner of the 50s
- Noel Teasdale – Shinboner of the 60s
- Malcolm Blight – Shinboner of the 70s
- Wayne Schimmelbusch – Shinboner of the 80s
- Wayne Carey – Shinboner of the modern era (1990–2005)
- Premiers 1903, 1904, 1910, 1914, 1915, 1918
- Runners Up 1905, 1913, 1919
- Minor Premiers 1905, 1910, 1914, 1915, 1918, 1919
- Second Twenty Premiers 1886
- VFL Premiers 1975, 1977
- VFL Runners Up 1950, 1974, 1976,1978
- VFL Minor Premiers 1949, 1978, 1983
- VFL Seconds Premiers 1947, 1957
- VFL Seconds Runners Up 1950
- VFL Reserves Premiers 1967, 1978, 1979
- VFL Reserves Runners Up 1976, 1988
- VFL Thirds Premiers 1946
- VFL Thirds Runners Up 1947
- VFL Under 19s Premiers 1976, 1984, 1987, 1988
- VFL Under 19s Runners Up 1972, 1983, 1985, 1989
- AFL Premiers 1996, 1999
- AFL Runners Up 1998
- AFL Minor Premiers 1998
- AFL Reserves Premiers 1995, 1996
- AFL Reserves Grand Finalists 1993, 1994
- AFL Under 19s Premiers 1990, 1991
- Champions of Australia 1975
- NFL Championship Grand Finalists 1976
- McClelland Trophy 1976, 1978, 1983, 1998
- Night Series Premiers 1965, 1966, 1980
- Night Series Runners Up 1961, 1968, 1978, 1982
- NMFL Under 17s Premiers 1979
- Pre-season Premiers 1995, 1998
- Pre-season Runners Up 1990, 1991, 2000
- VFL Affiliate Premiers North Ballarat, 2008, 2009, 2010
- VFL Affiliate Runners Up Port Melbourne, 2004
- Wooden Spoons 13
Individual honours[edit]
Premiership results[edit]
Finals results[edit]
Best and Fairest[edit]
Current squad[edit]
Current coaching staff[edit]
- Senior Coach: Brad Scott
- Assistant Coaches:
- Darren Crocker (Midfield)
- Shane Watson (Backline)
- Brett Allison (Forwards)
- Leigh Tudor
- Gavin Brown
- Player Development Manager: Jon Haines
- Development Coach – North Ballarat Jason Lappin
- Development Coach – Werribee John Lamont
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to North Melbourne Football Club. |
- ^ Rickard, John, An assemblage of decent men and women : a history of the Anglican parish of St Mary's North Melbourne 1853–2000. / John Rickard St Mary's Anglican Church North Melbourne, North Melbourne, Vic. : 2008
- ^ Atkinson, Graeme (1989). 3AW Book of Footy Records. South Melbourne,: Magistra Publishing Company Pty Ltd. p. 278. ISBN 1863210091..
- ^ "North Melbourne club". The Argus (Melbourne, VIC). 4 April 1908. p. 15.
- ^ "Football – the Victorian Association". The Argus (Melbourne, VIC). 18 April 1908. p. 6.
- ^ "North Melbourne ground". The Argus (Melbourne, VIC). 12 August 1921. p. 6.
- ^ Gerard Dowling, "North Melbourne Football Club", in Andrew Brown-May and Shurlee Swain, The Encyclopedia of Melbourne, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2005, p.511.
- ^ "North gets lease". The Sun News-Pictorial (Melbourne, VIC). 30 March 1965. p. 51.
- ^ "North can have a new oval". The Sun News-Pictorial (Melbourne, VIC). 3 November 1964. p. 34.
- ^ Scot Palmer (9 December 1964). "Coburg, North merger". The Sun News-Pictorial (Melbourne, VIC). p. 63–64.
- ^ "Coburg to stay in Association". The Sun News-Pictorial (Melbourne, VIC). 6 February 1965. p. 56.
- ^ "Coburg to drop stand?". The Sun News-Pictorial (Melbourne, VIC). 28 September 1965. p. 51.
- ^ "North to quit Coburg". The Sun News-Pictorial (Melbourne, VIC). 29 September 1965. p. 52.
- ^ a b c Lovett, Michael (Chief editor) (2010). AFL Record Season Guide. Geoff Slattery Media Group. ISBN 978-0-9806274-5-9.
- ^ Wee deoch-an-doris [Historic American Sheet Music]
- ^ "Australia or Heart to heart and hand to hand".
- ^ AFL Tunes to Remember – The Melbourne Age, 23 July 2010
- ^ Collins, Chelsea (21 June 2013). "North's record breaker – NMFC.com.au". NMFC.com.au. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
- ^ "Kangaroos Membership 2013 (Google Cached)". North Melbourne Football Club. 16 September 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- ^ Macgugan, Mark (28 October 2011). "North Melbourne's 2012 draw". Australian Football League. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
- ^ "Indigenous Identity". North Melbourne Football Club. 23 May 2013.
- ^ AFL's Black Stars. Lothian. pp. 138–141. ISBN 0-85091-891-X.
- ^ "VFL/AFL All-Time Players".
- ^ AFL grand final countdown No.2: North Melbourne v Collingwood, 1977
- ^ Linnell, Garry (1995). Football Ltd. Pan Macmillian Australia. pp. 315–318. ISBN 0-330-35665-8.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to North Melbourne Football Club. |
- Official website of the Kangaroos
- "Around the Grounds" – web documentary – Arden Street
- Club Footy Jumpers
- Shawfactor: History of North Melbourne FC
Preceded by Richmond Hawthorn Carlton Adelaide |
VFL/AFL Premiers 1975 1977 1996 1999 |
Succeeded by Hawthorn Hawthorn Adelaide Essendon |
Preceded by Essendon Collingwood Richmond St Kilda |
AFL Minor Premiers 1949 1978 1983 1998 |
Succeeded by Essendon Carlton Essendon Essendon |
Preceded by Essendon Carlton |
AFL Pre-season Cup Winners 1995 1998 |
Succeeded by St Kilda Hawthorn |
North Melbourne Football Club VFA Premiership Teams | |||||||
North Melbourne Football Club VFL/AFL Premiership Teams | |||||||||||||||


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Single Article Purchase: Four-Year-Old Outcomes of a Universal Infant-Toddler Shared Reading Intervention Goldfeld S, Quach J, Nicholls R, Reilly S, Ukoumunne OC, Wake M. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012;166(11):1045-1052. Published online November 1, 2012
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To the person speaking of Obama being Time [Person] of the Year, so was Adolf Hitler and look what he was able to do with Germany after he took their guns away from them.
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In The Closet (Michael Jackson's Vision)
January 01, 1992
(C) 2010 Epic/Legacy
Additional Content
Comments (3)
Karina1 Tue, 01/22/2013 - 09:26
I love MJ SO MUCH!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I should probably keep my feelings in the closet, like the song says to but I CAN'T!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! IT'S IMPOSSIBLE 4 ME 2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I love you, MJ!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! <3 <3
MichaelJacksons... Tue, 11/27/2012 - 11:12
I like this song which is another one my favorites of his. I like this music video for some reasons that are my reasons and they are: 1. Michael's SEX APPEAL that comes out more in this video
2. This video by itself, 3. Touching Michael up and down his body(sexy! my bad)
4. That the video is in a latin place 5. It's a sexy music video


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States Attorney's Office District of Connecticut |
February 18, 2011 |
WATERBURY MAN CHARGED WITH TAX FRAUD, David B. Fein, United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, today announced that a federal grand jury sitting in New Haven has returned an indictment charging JOHN B. MAIA, 71, of Waterbury, with four counts of making and subscribing a false federal tax return, and one count of making a false statement to federal law enforcement agents. The indictment was returned on February 16 and was unsealed today following MAIA's arrest and initial appearance before United States Magistrate Judge Thomas P. Smith in Hartford. The indictment alleges that MAIA overstated deductions for charitable contributions and listed fictitious business expenses on his federal tax returns for the calendar years 2005 through 2008. The indictment further alleges that, on April 14, 2010, MAIA submitted to a voluntary interview with special agents of the Internal Revenue Service – Criminal Investigation. During the interview, MAIA falsely stated that the charitable contributions and business expenses were legitimate and that he had provided supporting documentation for the charitable contributions and business expenses to his tax preparer. It is alleged that MAIA failed to pay a total of $40,806 in federal taxes from 2005 to 2008. If convicted, MAIA faces a maximum term of imprisonment of three years on each count of making and subscribing a false return, and a maximum term of imprisonment of five years on the count of making a false statement. MAIA has been released on a bond in the amount of $25,000. U.S. Attorney Fein stressed that an indictment is not evidence of guilt. Charges are only allegations, and each defendant is presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. This case is being investigated by the Internal Revenue Service – Criminal Investigation and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The case is being prosecuted by Assistant United States Attorneys Eric Glover and Christopher Mattei. | |
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152 Luckie Street
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If you're considering a burglar alarm in Lockesburg and professional ADT monitoring, you should know a thing or two about crime rates. The FBI publishes an annual Uniform Crime Report. According to the most recent report, property crimes across the nation dropped 0.5% in 2011. That means there was a reported 9,063,173 reported property crimes across the nation that year. While burglaries only represent about 24% of all property crime, the number of break-ins increased by 0.9% that same year. Which is why helping protect your home with an ADT monitored home alarm system is still an important decision.
Property Crime-9,063,173 occurrences
Larceny Theft-6,159,795 occurrences
Burglary-21,888,005 occurrences
Motor Vehicle Theft-715,373 occurrences
Without a security system...
1 in
With a security system...
1 in
1 in 143. These are your odds that your home will be broken into this year, according to national FBI data. Every 14.4 seconds a burglary occurs, and nearly three quarters of those are committed in residential properties. Homeowners in Lockesburg with home security systems are 3 times less likely3 to experience a home invasion. Helping protect your home immediately makes your chances closer to 1 in 429.
People who live in Lockesburg should know that you stand to lose approximately $2,200 in the event of a burglary. Across the country, homeowners lose about $4.8 billion to burglaries on a yearly basis. And property crimes cost about $15.6 billion in 2011, according to the FBI. Don't let this happen to you. Install an ADT monitored home security system in your Lockesburg home to help keep it secure. Money invested in home alarms is money well spent.
Yearly average cost of burglaries
for Lockesburg5:
That's enough to buy you:
Oil Changes
months of electricity
You may save 20%
on your
Home owner's
You can help protect your home and save money when you install a home alarm system and ADT monitoring. With ADT monitoring in Lockesburg, you'll get a certificate explaining that you are helping protect your home with a professionally monitored home security system. With it, you may get up to 20% off your homeowners insurance.
See Packages$500
Theft Protection
(certain restrictions apply)
With your ADT monitored security system, you have help protecting your Lockesburg home. With a monitored security system, your home is 3 times less likely3 to be targeted by a burglar. But if this does happen, you're covered; ADT may pay up to $500 of your insurance deductible.
See PackagesMoney-back
Service Guarantee
Learn More(certain restrictions apply)
Think about this. Lockesburg residents receive a satisfaction guarantee with their ADT monitored security system. ADT will try to resolve all problems you encounter. However, if you still aren't satisfied, you may receive a refund for the installation and monitoring fees incurred during that time.
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text:
I am using parsley 2.2, cairngorm 3 module library. When the module is loaded the parsley context is not getting initialized at that time and returing null for the objects managed by the parsley container.
<fx:Script> <![CDATA[ import mx.events.FlexEvent; import org.spicefactory.parsley.flex.modules.FlexModuleSupport; import org.spicefactory.parsley.flex.tag.builder.ContextBuilderTag; [Bindable][Inject]public var faultMgtContainerPM:NMSFaultMgtContainerPM; public function get contextBuilder() : ContextBuilderTag { return contextBuilderTag; } ]]> </fx:Script> <fx:Declarations> <spicefactory:ContextBuilder id="contextBuilderTag" config="{ NMSFaultMgtModuleContext }" /> <spicefactory:Configure /> <s:Consumer id="notification" destination="sessionlog-notification-bus" fault="faultMgtContainerPM.notification_faultHandler(event)" message="faultMgtContainerPM.notification_messageHandler(event)"/> </fx:Declarations>
In the above code the Inject of NMSFaultMgtContainerPM class doesn't work and returing null when accessed in the creationComplete event of the app.
By the way the context file contains the NMSFaultMgtContainerPM class entry.
Please let me know if I am missing any thing.
Please have a look at the [Init] metadata from the Parsley configuration : http://www.spicefactory.org/parsley/docs/2.1/manual/lifecycle.php#meth ods
If you want the Parsley Container to invoke methods on your object when it is created or when it is destroyed, you can add the
metadata tags to the corresponding methods:
[Init] public function init () : void
[Destroy] public function dispose () : void
The methods marked with
get invoked after the object has been instantiated and all injections have been processed.The methods marked with
get invoked after the Context instance they belong to has been destroyed withContext.destroy()
or when the object was removed from the Context. See 6.3 Object Lifecycle Methods for details.
For Flex Components declared in regular MXML files and wired to the Context as described in 7 Dynamic View Wiring the lifecycle is different: For those objects the methods get invoked whenever the object is added to or removed from the stage respectively. Of course the
method additionally gets invoked if the Context the object was wired to was destroyed.
Let me know if this works for you
Thanks for your quick reply.
your solution didn't work out for me.
Let me explain my problem in detailed.
I have a PM class with variable dataProvider.This PM Class is managed by the parsley container.
I have an UI class which injects this PM and the dataprovider of the PM class is binded to the UI object's dataprovider (ex: DataGrid).
When I launch the application the DataGrid is displayed with no content. And when I try to print the injected PM instance in the creationComplete event of
the DataGrid. It says null.
Please help me on this.


text:
Simona Halep wins the singles finals of the New Haven Open tennis tournament at Yale on Aug. 24. (Brad Horrigan / Hartford Courant / August 24, 2013) |
The Capital Region Development Authority is voting on whether to spend $168,000 to keep the New Haven Open at the Connecticut Tennis Center in New Haven. Proponents say the price is right to keep a solid summertime sporting event in the state (although they acknowledge that more marketing and promotion must be done to keep the tournament healthy. Opponents say the state shouldn't be in the tennis business because it doesn't know a net from a let, and that the tournament, one of the larger all-women's tournaments in the country, should sink or swim on its own. What's your view?
State Makes Smart Play On Tennis Tournament
Courant editorial, Oct. 15
State taking over operation of New Haven Open
USA Today, Oct. 10


text:
We have been strugling with falling tiles, rotting walls and horrible drainage forever! Everytime I clean my shower we have to follow up with replacing tiles with silicone that fall off EVERYTIME!! To have a new bathtub would be such a blessing to us and our children!!!!!
That 70's Bathtub!
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text:
Credits & Info
- Uploaded
- Sep 25, 2005 | 6:22 PM EDT
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Author Comments
The first movie Ive submited is back on newgrounds with a sequal! =o
(warning: can be a bit annoying at times :P) There isnt much meaning behind this. It was created in one day (as the original), And its all just meant to be completly silly.
Rated 0 / 5 stars February 1, 2010
too much looping
make less looping but still i give this a 0/5 and 0/10
Rated 4.5 / 5 stars October 1, 2008
There is a better reason...
Although I must admit i found the 1st one better, this one also had me laughing for some time... The lady just rocks...
I know this is a bit older, but any chance of part 3? lol
Rated 2.5 / 5 stars March 15, 2008
Too long
Ya the first one was awesome. But like mr-johnson22 said, the looping is too long. The graphics are good like the first, and the "Circle TV" part was funny, but it got boring after about 2 looops. Less time in the looping, and youd've aced it. Nice job, though!


text:
U-Line 2175RSOD-01 5.4 Cu. Ft. Outdoor Refrigerator - Stainless Steel Cabinet with Stainless Steel Door - Left Hinge
With its sleek, durable Stainless Steel Exterior, the 2175RSOD-01 Outdoor Refrigerator by U-Line is designed for both built-in and freestanding applications as well as indoor and outdoor use. This Refrigerator Model is fully wrapped in Stainless Steel to protect the Unit from harsh outdoor elements. The Full Wrapped Stainless Steel Door must be ordered right or left hinged. The Stainless Steel Handle measures at 1-1/4" in diameter and is interchangeable with a Commercial Handle Option. This Outdoor Refrigerator comes with a Standard Door Lock that keeps items secure in an outdoor environment.
This 2175RSOD-01 Refrigerator features Three Full-Depth 4mm Tempered Glass Shelves with Bullnose Edges to contain spills and to provide maximum storage potential. A Convenient Crisper Drawer located at the bottom of the Refrigerator allows for proper storage and humidity control of perishable items.
Featuring a Touch Controlled Digital Technology this Single-Zone Passive Cooling System provides a stable and consistent environment for optimum food and beverage storage and keeps the temperature in the fridge between 34 and 45 degrees.
This Outdoor Refrigerator also features Automatic Defrost, Interior Light, Audible Door Open Alarm, Self-Closing Door Mechanism, Sabbath or "Black Out" Feature, and Leveling Legs which add up to 1" of height.
This Outdoor Refrigerator is Energy Star and CEE Tier 3 Rated
The Touch Control Digital Technology is a full-featured, easy-view command center that allows you to set and monitor the refrigeration temperature. The system also manages key model functions and provides user alerts. The temperature is displayed in both Fahrenheit and Celsius.
- Full Wrap Stainless Steel Cabinet and Door
- Left-Hand Hinge
- 5.4 Cubic Feet Refrigeration Capacity
- Touch Control Digital Technology Makes Setting and Seeing Refrigerator Temperature Easy
- Automatic Defrost
- Three Removeable 4mm Tempered Glass Shelves with Bullnose Edges to Contain Spills
- Clear Removable Crisper Drawer Optimizes Product Storage
- Recessed Interior Light--Illuminates When Door is Opened
- Audible Door Open Alarm
- Self-Closing Door Mechanism
- Sabbath or "Black Out" Feature
- Professional Stainless Steel Towel Door Handle
- Contemporary Toe Kick Grille Integrates Seamlessly
- Adjustable Leveling Legs Provides Up to 1" Height Extension
- Designed for Built-in or Freestanding Applications
- No Additional Clearance or Ventilation For Built-in Installation (Do Not Obstruct Front Grille)
- Quiet Operation
- ENERGY STAR Qualified
- CEE Tier 3 Rated
- UL Listed
- MUST add 1/4" to overall width for proper installation
- Allow 2-1/2" clearance on hinge side for a 90° opening when installed against a wall
- Front grille/toe kick must be unobstructed for proper ventilation
*Zero clearance on all 2000 Series black or white units when installed with custom full overlay door panel/frame.*Zero clearance on all 2000 Series and 1000 Series black or white units when installed with a 1/4" flush insert panel. Allow proper clearance for a raised insert panel.
*Allow 2-1/2" clearance, on hinge side, for a 90 degree opening when installed against a wall on all Stainless Steel models.
Dimensions | |
Height | 34 1/8" |
Width | 24" |
Depth | 23 1/4" |
Weight | |
Unit Weight | 116 lbs. |
Shipping Weight | 116 lbs. |
Warranty | |
Labor | 1 Year |
Parts | 1 Year |
Compressor (Parts Only) | 5 Years |
Capacity | |
Capacity | 5.4 Cu. Ft. |
Cooling System | |
Type | Compressor |
Defrost System | Automatic |
Front Ventilation | Yes |
Controls | |
Adjustable Thermostat | Yes |
Digital | Yes |
Door | |
Type | Solid |
Number of Doors | 1 |
Color / Material | Stainless Steel |
Door Handle | Professional Towel Bar |
Field Reversible | No |
Accepts Custom Panel | No |
Tinted / UV Protective | No |
Self-Closing | Yes |
Electrical | |
Electrical Requirements | 110/115 V, 60Hz |
Running Amps | 2.4 |
Specs & Features/Benefits | |
CAD Drawing | |
Use & Care Guide | |
Installation Guide |
You may need to download Adobe Acrobat Reader to view and print PDF's. Click the link below to download Adobe Acrobat Reader for free.
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U-Line 2175RSOD-01 5.4 Cu. Ft. Outdoor Refrigerator - Stainless Steel Cabinet with Stainless Steel Door - Left Hinge Reviews
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Stainless Steel Cabinet with Stainless Steel Door - Right-Hand Hinge [2175RSOD-00] | $1,869.00 | |
Stainless Steel Cabinet with Stainless Steel Door - Left-Hand Hinge [2175RSOD-01] | $1,869.00 |
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text:
Department / Division
Ophthalmology /
Retinal Ophthalmology
Durham, NC 27710
Appointment Telephone
Office Telephone
Fax Telephone
Clinical Interests
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), trauma, retinal detachment, macular holes and disease, diabetic retinopathy; research interests include genetics and treatment of AMD, diabetes and trauma, delivery and regulation of medical care
Research Interests
My main research interest involves the study of Genetics and Epidemiology of Macular Degeneration. In addition, I am investigating several interventions and how to improve the quality of diabetes care.
I also participate in multi-center clinical trials.
This faculty member (or a member of their immediate family) has a working relationship (i.e. consulting, research, and/or educational services) with the companies listed below. These relations have been reported to the health system leadership and, when appropriate, management plans are in place to address potential conflicts.
Representative Publications
Postel, EA; Agarwal, A; Caldwell, J; Gallins, P; Toth, C; Schmidt, S; Scott, WK; Hauser, MA; Haines, JL; Pericak-Vance, MA. Complement factor H increases risk for atrophic age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2006;113:1504-1507.
Haines, JL; Hauser, MA; Schmidt, S; Scott, WK; Olson, LM; Gallins, P; Spencer, KL; Kwan, SY; Noureddine, M; Gilbert, JR; Schnetz-Boutaud, N; Agarwal, A; Postel, EA; Pericak-Vance, MA. Complement factor H variant increases the risk of age-related macular degeneration. Science. 2005;308:419-421.
Postel, EA; Agarwal, A; Schmidt, S; Fan, YT; Scott, WK; Gilbert, JR; Haines, JL; Pericak-Vance, MA. Comparing age-related macular degeneration phenotype in probands from singleton and multiplex families. American Journal of Ophthalmology. 2005;139:820-825.


text:
NewsNovember 28 2012
Thrift Store accepting holiday donations
Posted by Lucy
With the holidays near, Teresa Hanson, Presho Thrift Store n More board member, said donations to the food pantry, along with other holiday items such as wrapping paper, tape, decorations, gently used toys, winter items and household items are needed.
The Thrift Store will hold a kids shopping day Sat., Dec. 8 and provide holiday food baskets and certificates to those in need prior to Christmas.
- Garnos inducted into Hall of Fame
- Playing at the farm and home show
- Garnos to be inducted into SD Amateur Basketball Hall of Fame
- Curtain to go up SATURDAY night on 20th play
- Group organizes to promote rail line rehab
- Vacancies open on city and town boards
- First year of Jr. Kindergarten program exceeds expectations
- Rails to the future
- Berg to retire from Reliance Post Office
- Weighing In
- A monster of a tournament


text:
Makes 6 servings.
1 spaghetti squash, halved lengthwise and seeded
2 tablespoons vegetable oil
1 onion, chopped
1 clove garlic, chopped
1 1/2 cups chopped tomato
3/4 cup crumbled feta cheese
3 tablespoons sliced black olives
2 tablespoons chopped fresh basil
HEAT oven to 350 degrees. Lightly grease a baking sheet.
PLACE spaghetti squash with cut sides down on the prepared baking sheet and bake for 30 minutes in the preheated oven, or until a sharp knife can be inserted with little resistance. Remove squash from oven and set aside to cool enough to be easily handled.
HEAT oil in a skillet over medium heat. Cook and stir onion until tender. Add garlic, cook for 2-3 minutes. Stir in tomatoes and cook until heated through.
USE a large spoon to scoop the stringy pulp from the squash and place in a medium bowl. Toss with vegetables, feta cheese, olives and basil. Serve warm.
This can be served as a main dish or as a side dish for chicken, pork or beef.
Nutritional Information per serving: Calories 147, total fat 10g, cholesterol 17 mg, total carbohydrates 13 g, dietary fiber 1 g.
Sensational Six-Layer Dinner
University of Wisconsin, Cooperative Extension Service
2 potatoes (medium, sliced)
2 cups carrots, shredded
1/4 teaspoon black pepper
1/2 cup onion, sliced
1 pound lean ground beef, (browned and drained)
1 1/2 cup green beans
1 can tomato soup
LIGHTLY SPRAY a baking dish with cooking spray.
LAYER ingredients in order given above.
COVER. Bake at 350 degrees for 45 minutes or until tender and thoroughly heated. Uncover and bake 15 or more minutes.
Nutritional Information: Calories 260, total fat 6 g, saturated fat 2.5 g, cholesterol 65 mg, sodium 480 mg, total carbohydrates 26 g, dietary fiber 3 g.
Crunchy Chicken Salad
Source:Pennsylvania Nutrition Education Program
Makes 5 servings.
2 cups cooked chicken (chunked)
1/2 cup celery
1/4 cup chopped green pepper
1/4 cup onion
1/2 cup cucumber
1/2 cup grapes
1 apple (small, diced, leave the peel on)
1/4 cup plain yogurt
USE leftover cooked chicken, or cook enough chicken to make 2 cups of chicken pieces.
CHOP celery into small pieces. Chop the green pepper into small pieces. Peel and chop 1/4 of an onion and half cucumber. Chop the apple into pieces, cut grapes in half.
PUT all ingredients in a large bowl. Stir together.
This is a great salad for dinner or lunch and is also a great way to use fall apples from West Virginia.
Nutritional information per serving: Calories 140, total fat 4.5 g, saturated fat 1 g, cholesterol 50 mg, total carbohydrate 6 g, dietary fiber 1 g
Beverly Glaze is a licensed nutrition specialist with the Family Nutrition Program at WVU Extension Service. Reach her at Beverly.Gl...@mail.wvu.edu or 304-634-8449.
Programs and activities offered by the West Virginia University Extension Service are available to all persons without regard to race, color, sex, disability, religion, age, veteran status, political beliefs, sexual orientation, national origin and marital or family status. This material was funded in part by the USDA's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program provides nutrition assistance to people with limited income. To find out more, contact your local Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.


text:
This Day in Tech: New domains mean trademark issues; Apple shares down
Too busy to keep up with today's tech news? Here are some of the more interesting stories from CNET for Monday, June 20.
New domains mean new trademark issues The Internet's overseers approve a plan to expand the number of top-level domains. That opens the door for .paris, .canon, .eco--and for a new era of trademark complications. More
Offline Google Docs playing peek-a-boo The offline version of Google's productivity suite has been spotted outside Google's firewall. With Chromebooks now launched, time is of the essence. More
Is Apple's declining stock cause for concern? Several pundits … Read more


text:
Share performance
Access current and historical prices for Sun Life Financial shares.View our Sun Life (SLF) share chart for market activity as it happens through the day, including opening and closing price and trading volume. (20 minute delay.)
View our Sun Life (SLF) share history for up to 8 years of historical share pricing and trading statistics for a date or time frame of your choosing.
Calculate the return on your investment in Sun Life (SLF) common shares with our investment calculator.
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Real Madrid playmaker Kaka has rejected claims he has agreed a move to big-spending French club Paris Saint Germain.
PSG have been on a high-profile recruitment drive during the transfer window, narrowly missing out on a £25 million deal for Alexandre Pato, and appointed Carlo Ancelotti, Kaka's former coach at AC Milan, as their new manager last month.
Italian daily Gazzetta dello Sport reported on Wednesday that Kaka had agreed to be reunited with his old mentor at PSG, but the Brazil international insists he is committed to Real Madrid.
"It isn't true that I have made any agreement with another club ... I am totally focused on following my personal and collective goals at Real Madrid," Kaka wrote on his Twitter account.
Kaka, 29, has struggled to repeat the form he showed at the San Siro since his £56 million move to the Bernabeu with injury hampering his progress.
The midfielder, a former winner of the Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year awards, signed a six-year deal when he joined Madrid in June 2009.


text:
23 May 2013
On Wednesday, Pope Francis addressed people from all walks of life by claiming that anyone who does 'good' will go to heaven, even atheists. Pope Francis has been the first in many aspects of his papacy: first Pope from the Americas, first Jesuit Pope, and first to use Francis as a regnal name. However, he is not among the first to take a more universalist approach. Pope John XXIII began the Second Vatican Council in 1962, stating he wanted to "throw open the windows of the Church so that we can see out and the people can see in." That council went on to be more accepting of others, but their acceptance focused primarily on other types of Christ-based religions. Many Christians, from Origen in the third century to Madeleine L'Engle in the twenty first century, have argued for a universal acceptance to heaven, but never has a Pope so concretely stated that morality, not faith, is the way to heaven. With such a broad change from the denominationally strict tendencies of his predecessor, Pope Benedict XVI, what does Pope Francis' Wednesday morning mass mean for nonbelievers?
Pope Francis alluded to the Gospel of Mark during his mass, telling a story of Jesus' disciples seeing another man do good and complaining that "if he is not one of us, he cannot do good. If he is not our party, he cannot do good." The Pope explained that Jesus tells his disciples not to "hinder him" and they should "let him do good." It appears that the Pope is paralleling the story found on Mark 9:39-40. This book was likely the first of the four canonical gospels, having been written around 60 C.E. It provides the early groundwork for what modern Christians believe, such as being the only gospel to refer to Jesus as a carpenter. With such significance, shouldn't Mark's universalist undertones have come to light sooner? Additionally, Mark isn't the only one arguing for acceptance: "Do not hinder him; for he who is not against you is for you" (Luke 9:50). With all of these apparent allusions, why is Pope Francis the first to openly accept all people? There is a simple answer: the Bible is unreliable.
More Articles...
- Witchcraft based violence in Malawi - Margaret Wesele
- Thoughts of an ex-Catholic on Pope Frankie and his Church
- Racist preacher elected president of Brazil's Human Rights Commission
- AAI Position Statement: Freedom of Expression
- New US Poll Shows New High of Religiously Unaffiliated Americans
- If You Are Not Free to Dissent You Are Not Free
- While one form of discrimination is stopped, another begins...
- Death and Humanist Funerals in Nigeria
- The Catholic Church and women's health: Will a new Pope bring change?
- Empowering Women Through Secularism
- Secular Bangladeshi Youths Organise Their Own "Bangladeshi Spring"
- Secular World Episode 10 - Atheist Churches and Eunuchs


text:
CeBIT 2010: Call for Papers for Open Source Forum
Linux New Media AG is organizing an integrated presentation series for the Open Source Forum at the CeBIT 2010 running March 2 through 6 in Hanover, Germany. Users from organizations and agencies as well as developers from the open source community are invited to apply for a free presentation slot up until January 7, 2010.
The Open Source Software theme will get an especially attractive venue in Hall 2 at CeBIT 2010. The "call for papers" is now officially open. We're looking for practitioners who can report on their experiences using free software in business and government. We're also seeking speakers from the open source community to present new and innovative projects as well as legal topics and technologies that characterize free sofware. Noteworthy topics already part of the conference program include open source solutions for cloud computing, security, Web 2.0, desktop and mobile networking. The complete presentation program will be available per live stream on streaming.linux-magazin.de and subsequently in the online archives for free.
Interested speakers can send their proposals with the title of the talk, information about the speaker and a short description of the content up until January 7, 2010 to firstname.lastname@example.com. Talks can be in English or German. The user-based talks and follow-up Q&As are scheduled for 40 minutes; the presentations of free projects should be 20 minutes each.
The title theme "Free and Open Source Software" at CeBIT 2010 will be accompanied by the "Open Source Forum" and "Open Source Project Lounge" that should provide software projects additional opportunities to present their work to the general public.
Issue 161/2014
Buy this issue as a PDF
Digital Issue: Price $9.99
(incl. VAT)
Tag Cloud
New TLS Attack Takes the S out of HTTPS
Vulnerability affects many Linux web servers
Munich Adopts Kolab
The Bavarian capital shuns Microsoft, Google, and other alternatives to implement an open source groupware solution.
Canonical Announces Ubuntu Smartphones
Phone vendor partnerships bring Mark Shuttleworth's dream of Ubuntu on a phone a step closer to reality.
Piviti Seeks Funding
Donors will get to vote on new features for the free video editor.
Debian Tech Committee Votes for systemd
Debian project puts init out to pasture and says no to Ubuntu's Upstart.
The Mask: Scary New Face of Internet Intrusion
Ultra-sophisticated attack tool might have originated from a state-sponsored intelligence service.
Epoch 1.0 Released
New alternative for init comes with a small footprint and minimal configuration.
Wayland 1.4 Challenges X11
X marks the target for the next-generation windowing system.
Red Hat Adopts CentOS
Super-clone CentOS Linux gets beamed up to the mother ship.
W3C Promotes Media Source Extensions
HTML technology will enable new video editing and playback options.


text:
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text:
Added to Bag!
We'll let you know if it's back in stock!
Added to Wishlist!
Terrapin Interest Necklace
Final Sale: This item cannot be returned or exchanged.
- Metal.
- Chain measures 34 inches in length. Pendant measures approximately 2.5 inches in length and 1.5 inches in width.
- Imported


text:
CBS 2 - Search Results
Iowa City Rec Center
IOWA CITY, IA (CBS2/FOX28) - The Robert A. Lee Community Recreation Center will get a facelift, made possible because of some help from local organizations.
LOS ANGELES (AP) -- Seven years after he was fired, Isaiah Washington is returning to "Grey's Anatomy."
FLINT, Mich. (AP) -- The ads aren't big -- but they are in a prime spot.
Asia stocks gain on China prospects, US data
MUMBAI, India (AP) -- Asian stocks mostly rose today, buoyed by a third all-time high on a key Wall Street index this week and signs that China will follow up on pledges to further open the world's No. 2 economy,
Investors have been encouraged by this week's meeting of China's top legislative body which pledged to advance Communist Party plans issued in November for promoting market forces and domestic consumption in Asia's economic engine.BC-US--Dow Record-Three Personal Stories, 1st Ld-Writethru,1173
Dow Record: Three tales of ups, downs and changes
AP Photo FX102, FX103
Eds: With BC-US--Dow Record. Adds photos.
By SCOTT MAYEROWITZ
AP Business Writer
NEW YORK (AP) -- When the Dow first crossed 14,000, investors were overjoyed. ...
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KGAN CBS provides local news, weather forecasts, notices of events and items of interest in the community, sports and entertainment programming for Cedar Rapids and nearby towns and communities in the Corridor and throughout eastern Iowa, including Iowa City, Waterloo, Dubuque, North Liberty, Coralville, Marion, Morengo, Williamsburg, Washington, Tiffin, Tipton, Solon, Mount Vernon, Lisbon, Central City, Urbana, Independence, Manchester, Dyersville, Oelwein, Cedar Falls, Waverly, Evansdale, Guttenberg, West Union, New Hampton, Decorah, Waukon, Maquoketa, Sigourney, Fairfield, Grundy Center, La Porte City, Dysart, Fayette, Elkader, Strawberry Point and Belle Plaine.


text:
Cost considerations might prohibit the use of the Civic Center, but it is already used for the brainchild of Logan Coach Mark Hatcher and his GW counterpart Rick Greene dubbed the Shootout at the Big House, as well as the early season Hoops Classic. The MSAC Night of Champions ranks higher on the totem pole of import than either of those events.
If it is to remain in South Charleston - and there are no indicators that it is moving any time soon - one item that needs addressed is the scoreboards' comparative lack of information.
There are two scoreboards at either end of the court in the SCCC, which both tell home and visitor scores, the time remaining and identify the quarter. There is no information for team or individual fouls made available to fans, and - rest assured - coaches and media members rely on such reference material in game as well.
* * *
A WAKE-UP call goes out this week to Sissonville's Bekah Baldwin, Herbert Hoover's Corey Bird, South Charleston's Alli Burdette, St. Albans' Ali Haynes, Hurricane's Austin Hensley, Capital's Justin Palmer and others around the Kanawha Valley, who will soon take the attention away from their basketball-playing classmates.
High school baseball and softball teams begin preseason workouts Monday across the state. Regular season games begin March 13.
Team previews can be found in the Daily Mail beginning Monday, March 4.
Contact Preps Editor Derek Taylor at derek.tay...@dailymail.com or 304-348-5170. Follow him on Twitter @ItsreallyDT.


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- | Order Status | Contact Us: 1-800-892-3622
DescriptionCambro Camwear® Square Food Container Clear, 4 qt
List Price: $13.05
This Cambro CamSquare® is used to to store up to 4 quarts of ingredients in your kitchen, cooler, freezer or pantry. Cambro made their Camwear® CamSquares® from crystal clear, virtually unbreakable polycarbonate that naturally resists stains, odor and scratches. The exterior of the CamSquare® features printed easy-to-read winter rose graduations that allow you to view the amount stored in the container. Camwear® CamSquares® were made to withstands temperatures from -40°F to 210°F (-40°C - 99°C) and are safe for the dishwasher.
- CamSquare® Food Storage Container
- Maximizes storage of ingredients
- With handles
- Clear with Winter Rose graduations
- Impact, stain and chemical resistant
- Camwear® polycarbonate construction
- Stackable
- Dishwasher safe
- NSF listed
- Capacity: 4qt
- Dimensions: 7-1/4" L x 7-1/4" W x 7-3/8" HSpecificationsName Cambro Camwear® Square Food Container Clear, 4 qt Brand CamSquare Manufacturer Cambro Product ID 106306 Manufacturer ID 4SFSCW-135 Equivalents 4SFSCW135, 4SFSCW-135, 4SFSCW 135, 4411633 Material Polycarbonate Dimensions (LxWxH) 7.25 x 7.25 x 7.38 Product Cube 0.23 Product Weight 0.88 lbs Shipping Weight 1 lbs Accessories -
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Add a fun blast from the past to your dessert table with our retro cake supplies. For a birthday cake or retro cupcakes, our supplies help you create adorable desserts. Try the guitar cake pan for an impressive treat.
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Add a groovy touch to your dessert table with our retro cake supplies. Use our retro cake decorations to create themed cakes, cupcakes, and cakepops. Top cupcakes with smiley face candles for a simply delightful dessert or go far-out with our groovy girl cupcake kit. Match your retro cakes to retro tableware for a dessert table that perfectly captures your retro theme. Check out all of our cake supplies for more ways to create themed desserts for your party or birthday bash.


text: Administered by Kennesaw State's University College, the Early Start Bridge Academy (ESBA) is a three-week program that begins just before the fall semester. This program is a "bridge" because it helps students make the transition into college easier. The Early Start Bridge Academy offers students the chance to get an early start in completing one of their mathematics requirement and the KSU First-Year Experience requirement. Students have the extra time to build their foundational algebra skills and academic study skills, with tutorials. |