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Amazon Payments Balance Transfer. A method to approve or deny payments synchronously. It requires payment approval before processing continues.
A document that defines who can access a particular bucket or object. Each bucket and object in Amazon S3 has an ACL. The document defines what each type of user can do, such as write and read permissions.
See credentials.
A string that AWS distributes to uniquely identify each AWS user; it is an alphanumeric token associated with your secret access key.
A method to increase security by changing the AWS access key ID. This method enables you to retire an old key at your discretion.
A language for writing documents (that is, policies) that specify who can access a particular AWS resource and under what conditions.
The AWS account associated with a particular AWS login ID and password.
IAM: The AWS account that centrally controls all the resources created under its umbrella and pays for all AWS activity for those resources. The AWS account has permission to do anything and everything with all the AWS account resources. This is in contrast to the user.
A web page showing your month-to-date AWS usage and costs. The account activity page is located at http://aws.amazon.com/account-activity.
Amazon bank account debit (aka bank account withdrawal, bank account transaction, and Automated Clearing House). An asynchronous bank account debit payment method.
An API function. Also called operation or call. The activity the principal has permission to perform. The action is B in the statement "A has permission to do B to C where D applies." For example, Jane sends a request to Amazon SQS with Action=ReceiveMessage.
Amazon CloudWatch: The response initiated by the change in an alarm's state: for example, from OK to ALARM. The state change may be triggered by a metric reaching the alarm threshold, or by a SetAlarmState request. Each alarm can have one or more actions assigned to each state. Actions are performed once each time the alarm changes to a state that has an action assigned, such as an Amazon Simple Notification Service notification, an Auto Scaling policy execution or an Amazon EC2 instance stop/terminate action.
The location where your customers can generate a new activation key for your product, should you request it. The activate URL is http://www.amazon.com/dp-activate.
The process your product goes through to prepare itself for the customer's use. During activation, your product obtains the required credentials for the customer.
An encoded string that represents the relationship between a customer and a Amazon DevPay product the customer has purchased. AWS generates this value when the customer completes the purchase of the product. You use the key to obtain credentials related to the customer and product.
When you inform customers of a price change for your product, they have to take action to accept the price change. If they don't take the action to accept the price change, their access to your product is canceled when the price change takes effect.
A list showing each of the trusted signers you've specified and the IDs of the corresponding active key pairs that CloudFront is aware of. To be able to create working signed URLs, a trusted signer must appear in this list with at least one key pair ID.
Auto Scaling might suspend processes for Auto Scaling group that repeatedly fail to launch instances. Auto Scaling groups that most commonly experience administrative suspension have zero running instances, have been trying to launch instances for more than 24 hours, and have not succeeded in that time.
An item that watches a single metric over a specified time period, and triggers an Amazon SNS topic or an Auto Scaling policy if the value of the metric crosses a threshold value over a predetermined number of time periods.
An allow results from a statement that has effect=allow, assuming any stated conditions are met. Example: Allow requests received before 1:00 p.m. on April 30, 2010. An allow overrides any default deny, but never an explicit deny.
An AWS content delivery service that helps you improve the performance, reliability, and availability of your websites and applications.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront.
A fully-managed service in the cloud that makes it easy to set up, manage, and scale a search solution for your website.
A web service that enables you to monitor and manage various metrics, and configure alarm actions based on data from those metrics.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch.
An easy-to-use online billing and account management service that makes it easy for you to sell an Amazon EC2 AMI or an application built on Amazon S3.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/devpay.
A service that provides block level storage volumes for use with EC2 instances.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/ebs.
Instances launched from this type of AMI use an Amazon EBS volume as their root device. Compare this with instances launched from Amazon S3-backed AMIs, which use the instance store as the root device.
A web service that enables you to launch and manage Linux/UNIX and Windows server instances in Amazon's data centers.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/ec2.
A web service that makes it easy to process large amounts of data efficiently. Amazon EMR uses Hadoop processing combined with several AWS products to do such tasks as web indexing, data mining, log file analysis, machine learning, scientific simulation, and data warehousing.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/elasticmapreduce.
A web service that enables developers to accept payments on their websites.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/fps.
An encrypted machine image stored in Amazon Elastic Block Store or Amazon Simple Storage Service. AMIs are like a template of a computer's root drive. They contain the operating system and can also include software and layers of your application, such as database servers, middleware, web servers, and so on.
Provides an on-demand, scalable, human workforce to complete jobs that humans can do better than computers.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/mturk.
A web service that makes it easier to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost-efficient, resizable capacity for an industry-standard relational database and manages common database administration tasks.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/rds.
A standardized way to refer to an AWS resource. For example: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/division_abc/subdivision_xyz/Bob.
A web service you can use to create a new DNS service or to migrate your existing DNS service to the cloud.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/route53.
Instances launched from this type of AMI use the instance store as their root device. Compare this with instances launched from Amazon EBS-backed AMIs, which use an Amazon EBS volume as the root device.
An easy-to-use, cost-effective email solution for applications.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/ses.
A web service that enables applications, end-users, and devices to instantly send and receive notifications from the cloud.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/sns.
Incorporates a subset of Amazon FPS functionality.
See Also https://payments.amazon.com.
Reliable and scalable hosted queues for storing messages as they travel between computers.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/sqs.
Storage for the internet. You can use it to store and retrieve any amount of data at any time, from anywhere on the web.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/s3.
A highly-available, scalable, and flexible non-relational data store that enables you to store and query data items using web service requests.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/simpledb.
A web service that enables you to create a virtual network for your AWS resources.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/vpc.
An infrastructure web services platform in the cloud for companies of all sizes.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com.
See Amazon Machine Image.
A logical collection of AWS Elastic Beanstalk components, including environments, versions, and environment configurations. An application is conceptually similar to a folder.
The location where your customers manage the Amazon DevPay products they've purchased. This is the URL http://www.amazon.com/dp-applications.
A specific, labeled iteration of an application that represents a functionally consistent set of deployable application code. A version points to an Amazon S3 object (a JAVA WAR file) that contains the application code.
If a Worker's response satisfies your Human Intelligence Task, you approve the assignment. When you approve an assignment Mechanical Turk transfers the HIT reward from your Mechanical Turk account to the Worker's Amazon Payments account.
See Amazon Resource Name.
When a worker finds a Human Intelligence Task (HIT) to complete, the worker accepts the HIT. Mechanical Turk creates an assignment to track the work to completion and store the answer the worker submits. The assignment belongs exclusively to the worker who accepted it and guarantees that the worker can submit results and be eligible for a reward—up until the HIT or assignment expires.
A type of bounce that occurs when a receiver initially accepts an email message for delivery and then subsequently fails to deliver it.
Similar to a column on a spreadsheet, an attribute represents a data category. In Amazon SimpleDB, an attribute has a name (such as color), which has a value (such as blue) when applied to a data item.
The process of proving your identity to a system.
A web service designed to launch or terminate instances automatically based on user-defined policies, schedules, and health checks.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/autoscaling.
A representation of multiple Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud instances that share similar characteristics, and that are treated as a logical grouping for the purposes of instance scaling and management.
A distinct location within a region that is insulated from failures in other Availability Zones, and provides inexpensive, low-latency network connectivity to other Availability Zones in the same region.
See Amazon Web Services.
A service for writing or changing templates that create and delete related AWS resources together as a unit.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/cloudformation.
A billing option that lets you get a single bill for multiple AWS accounts.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk.
A service for transferring large amounts of data between AWS and portable storage devices.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/importexport.
A web service that enables Amazon Web Services customers to manage users and user permissions within AWS.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/iam.
A graphical interface to manage compute, storage, and other cloud resources.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/console.
An optional AWS account security feature. Once you enable AWS MFA, you must provide a six-digit, single-use code in addition to your sign-in credentials whenever you access secure AWS web site pages or the AWS Management Console. You get this single-use code from an authentication device that you keep in your physical possession.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/mfa.
See resource.
Enables secure communication between branch offices using a simple hub-and-spoke model, with or without a VPC.
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Monitoring of AWS-provided metrics derived at a 5-minute frequency.
A collection of add and delete document operations in Search Data Format (SDF). You use the document service API to submit add and delete document operations to update the data in your search domain.
Border Gateway Protocol Autonomous System Number. A unique identifier for a network, for use in BGP routing. Amazon EC2 supports all 2-byte ASN numbers in the range of 1 - 65334, with the exception of 7224, which is reserved.
A list of IP addresses, email addresses, or domains that an Internet Service Provider suspects to be the source of spam. The ISP blocks incoming emails from these addresses or domains.
A data set. Amazon EMR breaks large amounts of data into subsets. Each subset is called a data block. Amazon EMR assigns an ID to each block and uses a hash table to keep track of block processing.
A storage device that supports reading and (optionally) writing data in fixed-size blocks, sectors, or clusters.
A mapping structure for every AMI and instance that specifies the block devices attached to the instance.
A user-specified default or custom action that runs a script or an application on all nodes of a job flow before Hadoop starts.
See BGP ASN.
A failed email delivery attempt.
The condition in which a user-set threshold (upper or lower boundary) is passed. If the duration of the breach is significant, as set by a breach duration parameter, it can possibly start a scaling activity.
A container for objects stored in Amazon S3. Every object is contained
in a bucket. For example, if the object named photos/puppy.jpg
is stored in the johnsmith
bucket, then authorized users can
access the object with the URL
Just as Amazon is the only owner of the domain name Amazon.com, only one person or organization can own a bucket in Amazon S3.
A commonly used term for creating an Amazon Machine Image. It specifically refers to creating Amazon S3-backed AMIs.
Amazon FPS: The customer making a purchase. Also called a sender. The buyer pays the seller for a product or service.
Amazon Simple Pay: The customer who sends a payment using an Amazon Simple Pay button.
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A logical cache distributed over multiple cache nodes. A cache cluster can be set up with a specific number of cache nodes.
Customer-supplied identifier for the cache cluster that must be unique for that customer in an AWS region.
The version of the Memcached service that is running on the cache node.
A fixed-size chunk of secure, network-attached RAM. Each cache node runs an instance of the Memcached service, and has its own DNS name and port. Multiple types of cache nodes are supported, each with varying amounts of associated memory.
EC2 instance type used to run the cache node.
A container for cache engine parameter values that can be applied to one or more cache clusters.
A group maintained by ElastiCache that combines ingress authorizations to cache nodes for hosts belonging to Amazon EC2 security groups specified through the console or the API or command line tools.
A developer who facilitates payment between a sender and a recipient.
A unique value that you provide and AWS uses to prevent replays of your request.
A standard access control policy that you can apply to a bucket or object. Options include: private, public-read, public-read-write, and authenticated-read.
The process of converting data into a standard format that a service such as Amazon S3 can recognize.
Each Auto Scaling group is defined with a minimum and maximum compute size. The amount of available compute size at any time is the current capacity. A scaling activity increases or decreases the capacity—within the defined minimum and maximum values.
Cascading is an open-source Java library that provides a query API, a query planner, and a job scheduler for creating and running Hadoop MapReduce applications. Applications developed with Cascading are compiled and packaged into standard Hadoop-compatible JAR files similar to other native Hadoop applications.
A credential that some AWS products use to authenticate AWS accounts and users. Also known as an X.509 certificate. The certificate is paired with a private key.
Features or services whose use incurs fees. Although some AWS products are free, others include charges. For example, in an AWS CloudFormation stack, AWS resources that have been created incur charges. The amount charged depends on the usage load. Use the Amazon Web Services Simple Monthly Calculator at http://calculator.s3.amazonaws.com/calc5.html to estimate your cost prior to creating instances, stacks, or other resources.
A payment reversal that a bank issues when the buyer disputes a charge.
Classless Inter-Domain Routing. An Internet protocol address allocation and route aggregation methodology.
See AWS VPN CloudHub.
A type of instance that provides a great amount of CPU power coupled with increased networking performance, making it well suited for High Performance Compute (HPC) applications and other demanding network-bound applications.
A logical cluster compute instance grouping to provide lower latency and high-bandwidth connectivity between the instances.
Canonical Name Record. A type of resource record in the Domain Name System (DNS) that specifies that the domain name is an alias of another, canonical domain name. More simply, it is an entry in a DNS table that lets you alias one fully qualified domain name to another.
The web service underlying the Co-Branded User Interface.
For the buyer: A series of web pages hosted by Amazon Payments that enables the buyer to authorize a payment.
For the merchant: A series of web pages that Amazon Payments hosts so that a website owner can register a merchant's product for sale on the website.
Running a business logo on a site or service that another company provides. Co-branding with Amazon Simple Pay, for example, is merely adding an independent merchant logo to each of the payment authorization web pages.
The event in which a recipient who does not want to receive an email message clicks "Mark as Spam" within the email client, and the Internet Service Provider sends a notification to Amazon SES.
Any restriction or detail about a permission. The condition is D in the statement "A has permission to do B to C where D applies." Conditions are always optional.
See mapping.
The API that you use to create, configure, and manage Amazon CloudSearch domains.
A series of key–value pairs that define parameters for various AWS products so that AWS Elastic Beanstalk can provision them for an environment.
The email Amazon Payments sends to your customers to notify them that a price change you scheduled has taken effect.
The method a service uses to achieve high availability. For example, it could involve replicating data across multiple servers in a data center.
See Also eventual consistency.
When data is written or updated successfully, all copies of the data are updated in all AWS regions. However, it takes time for the data to propagate to all storage locations. A consistent read returns a result that reflects any writes that received a successful response before the read request—regardless of the region. By contrast, an eventually consistent read returns data from only one region and might not show the most recent write information.
See Also eventual consistency.
Amount of time during which Auto Scaling does not allow the desired size of the Auto Scaling group to be changed by any other notification from a CloudWatch alarm.
An EC2 instance that runs Hadoop map and reduce tasks and stores data using the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). Core nodes are managed by the master node, which assigns Hadoop tasks to nodes and monitors their status. The EC2 instances you assign as core nodes are capacity that must be allotted for the entire job flow run. Because core nodes store data, you can't remove them from a job flow. However, you can add more core nodes to a running job flow.
Core nodes run both the DataNodes and TaskTracker Hadoop daemons.
A collection of data that you want to search.
Also called access credentials or security credentials. In authentication and authorization, a system uses credentials to identify who is making a call and whether to allow the requested access. In AWS, these credentials are typically the access key ID and the secret access key.
A router or software application on your side of a VPN tunnel that is managed by Amazon VPC. The internal interfaces of the customer gateway are attached to one or more devices in your home network. The external interface is attached to the VPG across the VPN tunnel.
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The database software and version running on the DB instance.
The name of a database hosted in a DB instance. A DB instance can host multiple databases, but databases hosted by the same DB instance must each have a unique name within that instance.
Size of the database compute platform used to run the instance.
An isolated database environment running in the cloud. A DB instance can contain multiple user-created databases.
User-supplied identifier for the DB instance. The identifier must be unique for that user in an AWS region.
A container for database engine parameter values that apply to one or more DB instances.
A method that controls access to the DB instance. By default, network access is turned off to DB instances. After ingress is configured for a security group, the same rules apply to all DB instances associated with that group.
A user-initiated point backup of a DB instance.
An instance that is physically isolated at the host hardware level and launched within a VPC.
An option you purchase to guarantee that sufficient capacity will be available to launch Dedicated Instances into a VPC.
The default result from a policy in the absence of an allow or explicit deny. For example: if a user requests to use Amazon SQS, but the only policy that applies to the user states that the user can use Amazon SimpleDB, then that policy results in a default deny.
An object with a key and version ID, but without content. Amazon S3 inserts delete markers automatically into versioned buckets when an object is deleted.
The likelihood that an email message will arrive at its intended destination.
The number of emails, sent through Amazon SES, that were accepted by an Internet Service Provider for delivery to recipients over a period of time.
Monitoring of AWS-provided metrics derived at a 1-minute frequency.
A property added to parameters, resources, resource properties, mappings, and outputs, to help you to document AWS CloudFormation template elements.
The location (Amazon DevPay Activity) where you manage the Amazon DevPay products you've created.
A name/value pair (for example, InstanceType=m1.small, or EngineName=mysql), that contains additional information to identify a metric.
A place where AWS users can post technical questions and feedback to help accelerate their development efforts and to engage with the AWS community. The discussion forums are located at http://aws.amazon.com/forums.
A Hadoop feature that allow you to transfer files from a distributed file system to the local file system. It can distribute data and text files as well as more complex types such as archives and JARs.
A link between an origin server (such as an Amazon S3 bucket) and a domain name, which CloudFront automatically assigns. Through this link, CloudFront identifies the object you have stored in your origin server.
DomainKeys Identified Mail. A standard that email senders use to sign their messages. ISPs use those signatures to verify that messages are legitimate. For more information, see http://www.dkim.org.
Represents an item that can be returned as a search result. Each document has a collection of fields that contain the data that can be searched or returned. The value of a field can be either a string or a number. Each document must have a unique ID, a version number, and at least one field.
A unique alpha-numeric identifier for a document. This is the id
attribute that's specified in an add or delete operation when using the document
service API to update your search domain.
The API that you use to submit SDF batches to update the data in an Amazon CloudSearch domain.
The URL that you connect to when sending document updates to a search domain. Each search domain has a unique document service endpoint.
In SDF, each document has a numeric version number that's used to guarantee that a search domain always reflects the most recent document updates. Document updates are applied only if the version number specified in the add or delete operation is greater than the existing version number.
All Amazon SimpleDB information is stored in domains. Domains are like tables that contain similar data. You can execute queries against a domain, but cannot execute joins between domains.
See Also search domain.
A distributed naming system that associates network information with human-readable domain names on the Internet.
An HTML-coded button to provide an easy and secure way for US-based, IRS-certified 501(c)3 nonprofit organizations to solicit donations.
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An AWS standard for compute CPU and memory. This measure enables you to evaluate the CPU capacity of different EC2 instance types.
In Amazon EC2, this is simply an instance. Other AWS services use the term EC2 instance to distinguish these instances from other types of instances they support.
A site that CloudFront uses to cache copies of your content for faster delivery to users at any location.
A Co-Branded service API that enables you to view an existing token's details and to change the payment instrument for the token.
A fixed (static) IP address that you have allocated in Amazon EC2 or Amazon VPC and then attached to an instance. Elastic IP addresses are associated with your account, not a specific instance. They are elastic because you can easily allocate, attach, detach, and free them as your needs change. Unlike traditional static IP addresses, elastic IP addresses allow you to mask instance or Availability Zone failures by rapidly remapping your public IP addresses to another instance.
A web service that improves an application's availability by distributing incoming traffic between two or more EC2 instances.
An additional network interface that can be attached to an instance. ENIs include a primary private IP address, one or more secondary private IP addresses, an elastic IP address (optional), a MAC address, membership in specified security groups, a description, and a source/destination check flag. You can create an ENI, attach it to an instance, detach it from an instance, and attach it to another instance.
A URL that identifies a host and port as the entry point for a web service. Every web service request contains an endpoint. Most AWS products provide regional endpoints to enable faster connectivity. For more information, see Regions and Endpoints in the Amazon Web Services General Reference
ElastiCache: The DNS name of a cache node.
Amazon RDS: The DNS name of a DB instance.
AWS CloudFormation: The DNS name or IP address of the server that receives an HTTP request.
ElastiCache: The port number used by a cache node.
Amazon RDS: The port number used by a DB instance.
See instance store.
The date from which time is measured. For most Unix environments, the epoch is January 1, 1970.
The method through which AWS products achieve high availability, which involves replicating data across multiple servers in Amazon's data centers. When data is written or updated and "Success" is returned, all copies of the data are updated. However, it takes time for the data to propagate to all storage locations. The data will eventually be consistent, but an immediate read might not show the change. Consistency is usually reached within seconds, but a high system load might increase this time.
See consistent read.
An eviction occurs when CloudFront deletes an object from an edge location before its expiration time. If an object in an edge location isn't frequently requested, CloudFront might evict the object (remove the object before its expiration date) to make room for objects that are more popular.
A specific running instance of an application. The application has a CNAME and includes an application version and a customizable configuration (which is inherited from the default container type).
A collection of parameters and settings that define how an environment and its associated resources behave.
Expiration occurs when CloudFront stops serving an object from an edge location. The next time the edge location needs to serve that object, CloudFront gets a new copy from the origin server.
An explicit deny results from a statement that has effect=deny, assuming that any stated conditions are met. Example: Deny all requests from Antarctica. Any request that comes from Antarctica will always be denied no matter what any other policy might allow.
An Amazon Machine Image launch permission granted to a specific AWS account.
A strategy that incrementally increases the wait between retry attempts in order to reduce the load on the system and increase the likelihood that repeated requests will succeed. For example, client applications might wait up to 400 milliseconds before attempting the first retry, up to 1600 milliseconds before the second, up to 6400 milliseconds (6.4 seconds) before the third, and so on.
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A search index field that represents a category that you want to use to refine and filter search results.
A particular facet value that you want to count when searching.
A search index field option that enables facet information to be calculated for the field.
See feedback loop.
The mechanism by which a mailbox provider (for example, an Internet Service Provider) forwards a recipient's complaint back to the sender.
The relative importance of a text field in a search index. Field weights control how much matches in particular text fields affect a document's text_relevance score.
A criterion you specify to limit the results when you list or describe your Amazon EC2 resources.
See discussion forums.
See intrinsic function.
A payment token used to fund a prepaid instrument.
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A persistent email delivery failure such as "mailbox does not exist."
A hardware-based IPsec VPN connection over the Internet.
Hadoop Distributed File System. The HDFS file system stores large files across multiple machines. It achieves reliability by replicating the data across multiple hosts, and hence does not require RAID storage on hosts.
A system call to check on the health status of each instance in an Auto Scaling group.
Email that recipients find valuable and want to receive. Value means different things to different recipients and can come in the form of offers, order confirmations, receipts, newsletters, etc.
A document that matches the criteria specified in the search request. Also referred to as a search result.
An open source, data warehouse and analytic package that runs on top of Hadoop. Hive scripts use an SQL-like language called Hive QL (query language) that abstracts the MapReduce programming model and supports typical data warehouse interactions.
Hash-based Message Authentication Code. A specific construction for calculating a message authentication code (MAC) involving a cryptographic hash function in combination with a secret key. You can use it to verify both the data integrity and the authenticity of a message at the same time. AWS calculates the HMAC using a standard, cryptographic hash algorithm, such as SHA-256.
A collection of resource record sets that Amazon Route 53 hosts. Like a traditional DNS zone file, a hosted zone represents a collection of records that are managed together under a single domain name.
A task that a Requester submits to Mechanical Turk for workers to perform. A HIT represents a single, self-contained task, for example, "Identify the car color in the photo." HITs contain all of the information a worker needs to answer a question, including the kinds of answers you would consider valid.
Hardware Virtual Machine virtualization. Lets the guest VM run as though it is on a native hardware platform, except that it still uses para-virtual (PV) network and storage drivers for improved performance.
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See Amazon Machine Image.
A machine that uploads or downloads your data to, or from, Amazon S3.
A report that contains details about how AWS Import/Export processed your data.
A button click or other form request to Amazon Payments.
See search index.
A name-value pair that is included in a search domain's index. An index field can contain text, literal, or unsigned integer data.
The name of a text, literal, or uint field in a search index.
Configuration settings that define a search domain's index fields, how SDF data is mapped to those index fields, and how the index fields can be used.
A copy of an Amazon Machine Image running as a virtual server in the AWS cloud.
A general instance type grouping using either storage or CPU capacity.
A Hadoop cluster contains one master instance group that contains one master node, a core instance group containing one or more core node and an optional task node instance group, which can contain any number of task nodes.
Disk storage that is physically attached to the host computer for an EC2 instance, and therefore has the same lifespan as the instance. When the instance terminates, you lose any data in the instance store.
Instances launched from this type of AMI use an instance store volume as the root device. Compare this with instances launched from Amazon EBS-backed AMIs, which use an Amazon EBS volume as the root device.
A specification that defines the memory, CPU, storage capacity, and hourly cost for an instance. Some instance types are designed for standard applications, whereas others are designed for CPU-intensive, memory-intensive applications, and so on.
Also called IPN. A notification that Amazon Payments sends whenever a payment, refund, or reserved payment completes successfully or fails. The caller must provide Amazon Payments with an endpoint that we can send the IPN to.
A notification (separate from the buyer redirect) that is sent whenever a payment, refund, or reserved payment completes successfully or fails. The developer must host this notification service and provide Amazon Simple Pay with an IPN response URL.
Connects a network to the Internet. You can route traffic for IP addresses outside your VPC to the Internet gateway.
A company that provides subscribers with access to the Internet. Many ISPs are also mailbox providers. Mailbox providers are sometimes referred to as ISPs, even if they only provide mailbox services.
A special action in a template that assigns values to properties not
available until runtime. These functions follow the format
Fn::Attribute, such as
. Arguments for intrinsic functions can
be parameters, pseudo parameters, or the output of other intrinsic
All EC2 instances are assigned two IP addresses at launch, which are directly mapped to each other through network address translation (NAT): a private IP address (following RFC 1918) and a public IP address. Instances launched in a VPC are assigned only a private IP address. Instances launched in your default VPC are assigned both a private IP address and a public IP address.
The issuer is the person who writes a policy to grant permissions to a resource. The issuer (by definition) is always the resource owner. AWS does not permit Amazon SQS users to create policies for resources they don't own. If John is the resource owner, AWS authenticates John's identity when he submits the policy he's written to grant permissions for that resource.
Similar to rows on a spreadsheet, items represent individual objects that contain one or more value-attribute pairs.
An identifier for an item. The identifier must be unique within the domain.
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A job flow specifies the complete processing of the data. It's comprised of one or more steps, which specify all of the functions to be performed on the data.
A five-character, alphanumeric string that uniquely identifies a storage
device in your shipment. AWS issues the job ID in response to a CREATE
email command.
The AWS Import/Export process generates a log file. The log file name always ends with the phrase import-log- followed by your Job ID. There is a remote chance that you already have an object with this name. To avoid a key collision, you can add an optional prefix to the log file.
See Also key prefix.
JavaScript Object Notation. A lightweight data-interchange format. For information about JSON, see http://www.json.org/.
The location where email messages that various filters determine to be of lesser value are collected so that they do not arrive in the recipient's inbox, but are still accessible to the recipient. This is also referred to as a spam or bulk folder.
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A credential that identifies an AWS account or user to AWS (such as the AWS secret access key).
Amazon S3, Amazon EMR: The unique identifier for an
object in a bucket. Every object in a bucket has exactly one key. Because a
bucket and key together uniquely identify each object, you can think of Amazon S3
as a basic data map between the bucket + key, and the
object itself. You can uniquely address every object in Amazon S3 through the
combination of the web service endpoint, bucket name, and key, for example:
, where
is the name of the bucket, and
is the key.
AWS Import/Export: The name of an object in Amazon S3. It is a sequence of Unicode
characters whose UTF-8 encoding cannot exceed 1024 bytes. If a key, for example,
logPrefix + import-log-JOBID, is longer than 1024 bytes, AWS Elastic Beanstalk
returns an InvalidManifestField
IAM: In the context of writing a policy: A specific characteristic that is the basis for restricting access (such as the current time, or the IP address of the requester).
A set of security credentials you use to prove your identity electronically. A key pair consists of a private key and a public key.
A logical grouping of the objects in a bucket. The prefix value is similar to a directory name that enables you to store similar data under the same directory in a bucket.
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A set of descriptive parameters used to create new EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling activity.
A template that an Auto Scaling group uses to launch new EC2 instances. The launch configuration contains information such as the Amazon Machine Image ID, the instance type, key pairs, security groups, and block device mappings, among other configuration settings.
An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) attribute that allows users to launch an AMI.
The lifecycle state of the EC2 instance contained in an AutoScalingGroup. EC2 instances progress through several states over their lifespan; these include Pending, InService, Terminating and Terminated.
A load balancer is a combination of a DNS name and a set of ports, which together provide a destination for all requests intended for your application. A load balancer can distribute traffic to multiple application instances across every Availability Zone within a region. Load balancers can span multiple Availability Zones within an Amazon EC2 region, but they cannot span multiple regions.
A case-sensitive unique string within an AWS CloudFormation template that identifies a resource, mapping, parameter,
or output.
In an AWS CloudFormation template, each parameter, resource, property, mapping, and output must be declared with a
unique logical name. You use the logical name when dereferencing these items using the Ref
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The amount of machine capacity used to complete a particular request (for example SELECT, GET, PUT, and so on), normalized to the hourly capacity of a standard processor. Machine utilization is measured in machine hour increments.
Software that transports email messages from one computer to another by using a client-server architecture.
An organization that provides email mailbox hosting services. Mailbox providers are sometimes referred to as Internet Service Providers, even if they only provide mailbox services.
A set of email addresses that you can use to test an Amazon SES-based email sending application without sending messages to actual recipients. Each email address represents a specific scenario (such as a bounce or complaint) and generates a typical response that is specific to the scenario.
The default route table that any new VPC subnet uses for routing. You can associate a subnet with a different route table of your choice. You can also change which route table is the main route table.
When sending a create job request for an import or export operation you describe your job in a text file called a manifest. The manifest file is a YAML-formatted file that specifies how to transfer data between your storage device and the AWS cloud.
See http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r1.2.0/mapred_tutorial.html.
An executable that splits the raw data into key/value pairs. The reducer uses the output of the mapper, called the intermediate results, as its input.
A way to add conditional parameter values to an AWS CloudFormation template.
You specify mappings in
the template's optional Mappings section and retrieve the desired value using
the FN::FindInMap
See pagination.
Amazon FPS: An environment in which the caller charges a fee for facilitating a transaction between a sender and a recipient.
Amazon Simple Pay: A feature that allows a third party to charge for hosting a merchant's offers and facilitating payment.
An HTML-coded button to display and sell the goods of other sellers, optionally charging them a fee for the service.
A process running on an Amazon Machine Image that keeps track of the work its core and task nodes complete.
The maximum price you will pay to launch one or more Spot Instances. If your maximum price exceeds the current Spot Price and your restrictions are met, Amazon EC2 launches instances on your behalf.
The maximum number of emails that you can send per second using Amazon SES.
See resource.
Amazon SES: A unique identifier that is assigned to every email message that is sent.
Amazon SQS: The identifier returned when you send a message to a queue.
Amazon S3, Amazon EMR: A set of name/value pairs that describe the object. These include default metadata such as the date last modified and standard HTTP metadata such as Content-Type. Users can also specify custom metadata at the time they store an object.
Amazon EC2: Data about an EC2 instance that the instance can retrieve to determine things about itself, such as, the instance type, the IP address, and so on.
An element of time-series data defined by a unique combination of exactly one namespace, exactly one metric name, and between zero and ten dimensions. Metrics and the statistics derived from them are the basis of Amazon CloudWatch.
The primary identifier of a metric, used in combination with a namespace and optional dimensions.
A type of EC2 instance that is more economical to use if you have occasional bursts of high CPU activity.
A primary DB instance that has a synchronous standby replica in a different Availability Zone. The primary DB instance is synchronously replicated across Availability Zones to the standby replica.
A usage-based payment instrument that allows the caller to charge the sender multiple times, without requiring the sender to repeatedly authorize the payments (compare to a single-use token).
The Co-Branded service API that creates a multi-use token.
An attribute with more than one value.
A feature that allows you to upload a single object as a set of parts.
An Internet standard that extends the email protocol to include non-ASCII text and non-text elements like attachments.
A Cascading application that provides a simple command-line interface for managing large datasets.
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An abstract container that provides context for the items (names, or technical terms, or words) it holds, and allows disambiguation of homonym items residing in different namespaces.
Network address translation.
An instance that is configured to perform NAT in a VPC. A NAT instance enables private instances in the VPC to initiate Internet-bound traffic without being directly reachable from the Internet.
An optional layer of security that acts as a firewall for controlling traffic in and out of a subnet. You can associate multiple subnets with a single network ACL, but a subnet can be associated with only one network ACL at a time.
After an Amazon Machine Image is launched, the resulting running system is referred to as a node. All instances based on the same AMI are identical at start-up. Any information about the node is lost when the node terminates or fails.
A property of AWS CloudFormation parameters that will prevent the otherwise default reporting of names
and values of a template parameter.
Declaring the NoEcho
property causes the parameter value
to be masked with asterisks in the report by the
The email Amazon Payments sends to your customers to notify them of an upcoming price change you've scheduled.
A null object is one whose version ID is null. Amazon S3 adds a null object to a bucket when versioning for that bucket is suspended. It is possible to have only one null object for each key in a bucket.
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Amazon S3: The fundamental entity type stored in Amazon S3. Objects consist of object data and metadata. The data portion is opaque to Amazon S3.
CloudFront: Any entity that can be served either over HTTP or a version of RTMP.
An Amazon EC2 pricing option that charges you for compute capacity by the hour with no long-term commitment.
An Amazon FPS payment processed with a single-use token. After the payment is made, that token is no longer valid.
An API function. Also called an action.
The process that an order passes through between the time a customer selects an item and the time that customer's payment instrument is charged.
Also called OAI. A virtual identity you use when giving your distribution permission to fetch a private object from your origin server (Amazon S3 bucket).
The Amazon S3 bucket or custom origin containing the definitive original version of the content you deliver through CloudFront.
A response from Amazon Payments to your Amazon FPS (or Amazon Simple Pay) application via a Return URL or an Instant Payment Notification (IPN).
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Some APIs that return a potentially large list of records can return a subset by using a value to set the maximum number of returned records. They then provide a marker, which identifies the last record returned so that in a subsequent call, the user can get the next sequence of records.
An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) that you sell to other Amazon EC2 users using Amazon DevPay.
In a multipart upload request, each part is a contiguous portion of the object's data.
A passive authorization happens when you inform customers at least 14 days in advance of a price change for your product, and they don't take any action; the price change is accepted automatically.
Port address translation.
The method of payment a customer chooses to use with Amazon Payments. These include credit cards (CC), Amazon Payments account balance (ABT), and bank account debits (ACH).
An error caused by an irregularity in the customer's chosen payment method, such as an insufficient bank balance or an expired credit card.
See sampling period.
A statement within a policy that allows or disallows access to a particular resource. You can state any permission like this: "A has permission to do B to C where D applies." For example, Jane (A) has permission to read messages (B) from John's Amazon SQS queue (C), as long as she asks to receive only a maximum of 10 messages from the queue at a time (D). Whenever Jane sends a request to Amazon SQS to use John's queue, the service checks to see if she has permission and if the request satisfies the conditions John set forth in the permission.
Also called PID. An encoded string that represents the relationship between a customer and the owner of Amazon DevPay products. After a customer purchases one of your products, you can use the PID to confirm the status of the customer's subscription to the product.
A long-term data storage solution. Options within AWS are: Amazon S3, Amazon EBS, and Amazon SimpleDB.
A unique label AWS CloudFormation assigns to each resource when creating a stack. Some AWS CloudFormation commands accept the physical name
as a value with the --physical-name
An open-source Apache library that runs on top of Hadoop. The library takes SQL-like commands written in a language called Pig Latin and converts those commands into MapReduce job flows.
A policy is the formal description of the permissions for a resource. The access policy language distinguishes between a policy and a statement. A policy is the complete document that can contain many different permissions for a given resource. A statement is the description of an individual permission. Therefore a policy can contain multiple statements. For example, a policy could specify that Jane can use John's queue (one statement), and Bob cannot use John's queue (another statement).
Auto Scaling: An object that stores the information needed to launch or terminate instances for an Auto Scaling group. Executing the policy causes instances to be launched or terminated. You can configure an alarm to invoke an Auto Scaling policy.
A payment instrument that is like a credit card used to make incremental purchases on your website. As purchases are made, the accumulated debt on the postpaid credit instrument increases until a credit limit is reached, or until you have arranged to make a settlement of the debt, such as a monthly payment.
A payment token used whenever a buyer wants to make a purchase using a postpaid credit instrument.
The Co-Branded service API that creates a postpaid payment token that a sender uses as a payment instrument and then funds, much like a credit card.
A URL that uses query string authentication.
See job prefix.
A one-on-one, fast-response support channel that AWS customers can subscribe to for support for AWS infrastructure services.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/.
A payment instrument that is like a gift card with an associated prepaid balance. A buyer can purchase a prepaid instrument on your website and use it to make incremental payments over a period of time, in line with whatever constraints that you or the buyer previously set up.
A payment token used whenever a buyer wants to make a purchase using a prepaid instrument.
The Co-Branded service API that creates a prepaid payment token that a sender funds and then uses as a payment instrument.
The principal is the person or persons who receive the permission in the policy. The principal is A in the statement "A has permission to do B to C where D applies." In a policy, you can set the principal to "anyone" (that is, you can specify a wildcard to represent all people). You might do this, for example, if you don't want to restrict access based on the actual identity of the requester, but instead on some other identifying characteristic such as the requester's IP address.
The concept of principals doesn't apply to a IAM policy, because these policies are attached to users or groups.
All EC2 instances are assigned two IP addresses at launch, which are directly mapped to each other through Network Address Translation (NAT): a private address (following RFC 1918) and a public address. Exception: Instances launched in Amazon VPC are assigned only a private IP address.
A VPC subnet whose instances cannot be reached from the Internet.
See activation.
The product code is an eight-character string that identifies your registered product to AWS.
See product token.
The product token is a long encoded string that identifies the product to AWS. You might also see the product token referred to as the product identification token.
See resource property.
A JSON-compliant markup standard for declaring properties, mappings, and output values in an AWS CloudFormation template.
A storage option designed to deliver fast, predictable, and consistent I/O performance. When you specify an IOPS rate while creating a DB Instance, Amazon RDS provisions that IOPS rate for the lifetime of the DB Instance.
A predefined setting, such as AWS:StackName
that can be used in AWS CloudFormation templates without having to declare them. You can use pseudo parameters anywhere you can use a regular parameter.
An Amazon Machine Image that all AWS accounts have permission to launch.
A large set of public data that can be seamlessly integrated into AWS cloud-based applications. Amazon stores public data sets at no charge to the community and, like all AWS services, users pay only for the compute and storage they use for their own applications. These data sets currently include data from the Human Genome Project, the U.S. Census, Wikipedia, and other sources.
See Also http://aws.amazon.com/publicdatasets.
All EC2 instances are assigned two IP addresses at launch, which are directly mapped to each other through Network Address Translation (NAT): a private address (following RFC 1918) and a public address. Exception: Instances launched in Amazon VPC are assigned only a private IP address.
A subnet whose instances can be reached from the Internet.
The URL your customers use to purchase your product. When you advertise your product, you provide the purchase URL as the sign-up link for customers to use.
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A property associated with a worker that represents that worker's skill, ability, or reputation. A Requester can use Qualifications to control which workers can perform HITs. Each worker can have multiple Qualifications.
A Human Intelligence Task can have Qualification requirements that a worker's Qualifications (q.v.) must meet before the worker can accept that HIT.
A form, similar to a HIT, containing a set of questions that the worker must complete successfully to receive a particular Qualification.
Just as each worker has one or more Qualification, each Human Intelligence Task has one or more Qualification type. These types specify what Qualifications the worker must have.
A type of HTTP-based request interface that generally uses only the GET or POST HTTP method and a query string with parameters.
See Also REST, REST-Query.
An AWS feature that lets you place the authentication information in the HTTP request query string instead of in the Authorization header. For example: with Amazon DevPay, query string authentication enables your product to give anyone easy, URL-based access to objects in the customer's bucket.
A rank expression that's defined within a search request. You can use a query time rank expression to rank results for a request or set a threshold for the search results.
A sequence of messages or jobs held in temporary storage awaiting transmission or processing.
A URL that uniquely identifies a queue.
Amazon RDS: The maximum number of DB instances and available storage you can use.
ElastiCache: The maximum number of the following items:
The number of cache clusters for each AWS account
The number of cache nodes per cache cluster
The total number of cache nodes per AWS account across all cache clusters created by that AWS account
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A range GET specifies a byte range of data to get for a download. If an object is large, you can break up a download into smaller units by sending multiple range GET requests that each specify a different byte range to GET.
A numeric expression that you can use to control how search hits are ranked.
You can construct rank expressions using uint fields, other rank expressions,
a document's default text_relevance score, and standard numeric operators and
functions. When you use the rank
option to specify a rank expression
in a search request, the expression is evaluated for each search hit and the
hits are listed according to their rank expression values.
A type of sendmail request that allows you to specify the email headers and MIME types.
An active copy of another DB instance. Any updates to the data on the source DB instance are replicated to the read replica DB instance using the built-in replication feature of MySQL 5.1.
An identifier you get when you receive a message from the queue. This identifier is required to delete a message from the queue or when changing a message's visibility timeout.
The entity that consists of the network systems, software, and policies that manage email delivery for a recipient.
Amazon FPS: A seller who receives a payment from a buyer (sender) in exchange for a service or product.
Amazon SES: The person or entity receiving an email message. For example, a person named in the "To" field of a message.
A general term to cover all types of payment tokens associated with recipients (for example, single-use token, multi-use token, and recurring-use token).
An Amazon FPS payment processed with a recurring payment token. Payments can occur periodically using the same payment token. The token is valid until it expires.
A type of multi-use token that is restricted to a predetermined fixed amount and a regular payment interval.
The Co-Branded service API that creates a recurring-use token.
The page on your own website that you want customers to see at the end of the purchase process for your product. You provide the URL when you register the product with Amazon DevPay.
An executable in the MapReduce process that uses the intermediate results from the mapper and processes them into the final output.
A means of inserting a property from one AWS resource into another. For example, you could insert an Amazon EC2 security group property into an Amazon RDS resource.
A named set of AWS resources in the same geographical area. A region comprises at least two Availability Zones.
The email address to which an email reply is sent. This is different from the return path.
1. An Amazon SES metric, based on factors that might include bounces, complaints, and other metrics, regarding whether or not a customer is sending high-quality emails.
2. A measure of confidence, as judged by an Internet Service Provider or other entity that an IP address that they are receiving emails from is not the source of spam.
A requester is a person who sends a request to an AWS service and asks for access to a particular resource. The requester sends a request to AWS that essentially says: "Can A do B to C where D applies?" In this question, the requester is A.
See Also Requester.
(Note capitalization) A company, organization, or person that creates and submits tasks (a Human Intelligence Task) to Mechanical Turk; for workers to perform.
An Amazon S3 feature that allows a bucket owner to specify that anyone who requests access to objects in a particular bucket must pay the data transfer and request costs.
A collection of EC2 instances started as part of the same launch request. Not to be confused with a Reserved Instance.
The amount that is held in reserve against a credit card, but not charged. Later, the transaction is settled, that is charged (typically after the product is actually shipped).
A pricing option that lets you make a low, one-time payment for each instance to reserve and receive a significant discount on the hourly usage charge for that instance.
Matches sellers who have reserved capacity that they no longer need with buyers who are looking to purchase additional capacity. Reserved Instances that you purchase from third-party sellers will have less than a full standard term remaining and can be sold at different upfront prices. The usage or reoccurring fees will remain the same as the fees set when the Reserved Instances were originally purchased. Full standard terms for Reserved Instances available from AWS run for one year or three years.
The objects you work with on AWS. This includes buckets, domains, instances, queues, and so on.
Tools, code, and documents that AWS provides to support users.
An object that the principal requests access to. The resource is C in the statement "A has permission to do B to C where D applies."
A required element of an AWS CloudFormation stack. Each stack contains at least one resource, such as an Auto Scaling LaunchConfiguration. All resources in a stack must be created successfully for the stack to be created.
A value required when including an AWS resource in an AWS CloudFormation stack. Each resource may have one or more properties
associated with it. For example, an AWS::EC2::Instance
resource may
have a UserData
property. In an AWS CloudFormation template,
resources must declare a properties section,
even if the resource has no properties.
Also called resource record set. Standard DNS terminology.
A type of HTTP-based request interface that generally uses only the GET or POST HTTP method and a query string with parameters. Sometimes known as Query. In some implementations of a REST interface, other HTTP verbs besides GET and POST are used.
Also known as Query or HTTP Query. This is a type of HTTP request that generally uses only the GET or POST HTTP method and a query string with parameters. Compare this with REST, which is a type of HTTP request that uses any HTTP method (GET, DELETE, POST, etc.), a resource, HTTP headers, and possibly a query string with parameters.
An index field option that enables a text or literal field's values to be returned in the search results.
The email address to which bounced emails are returned. The return path is specified in the header of the original email. This is different from the reply path.
The money a Requester pays a worker for satisfactory work done on the Requester's Human Intelligence Tasks.
A return to a previous state that follows the failure to create an object, such as AWS CloudFormation
stack. All resources associated with the failure
are deleted during the rollback. For AWS CloudFormation, you can override this behavior using the
option on the command line.
Contains the image used to boot the instance. If you launched the instance from an AMI backed by instance store, this is an instance store volume created from a template stored in Amazon S3. If you launched the instance from an AMI backed by Amazon EBS, this is an Amazon EBS volume created from an Amazon EBS snapshot.
A set of routing rules that controls the traffic leaving any subnet that is associated with the route table. You can associate multiple subnets with a single route table, but a subnet can be associated with only one route table at a time.
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A defined duration of time, such as one minute, over which CloudWatch computes a statistic.
A testing location where you can test the functionality of your application without affecting production, incurring charges, or purchasing products.
Amazon SES: An Amazon SES environment that is designed for developers to test and evaluate the service. In the sandbox, you have full access to the Amazon SES API, but you can only send messages to verified email addresses and the mailbox simulator. To get out of the sandbox, you need to apply for production access. Accounts in the sandbox also have lower sending limits than production accounts.
A process that changes the size, configuration, or makeup of an Auto Scaling group by launching or terminating instances. For more information, see Auto Scaling Concepts in the Auto Scaling Developer Guide.
The API that you use to submit search requests to an Amazon CloudSearch domain.
The format that you use to describe the data to add or delete from an Amazon CloudSearch domain. SDF can be represented as either JSON or XML.
Encapsulates your searchable data and the search instances that handle your search requests. You set up a separate domain for each different collection of data that you want to search.
A search domain's indexing options, text options, access policies, and rank expressions.
A user-specified name that is used to construct a unique identifier for a search domain.
An search index field option that enables the field data to be searched.
A representation of your searchable data that facilitates fast and accurate data retrieval.
A compute resource that indexes your data and processes search requests. A search domain has one or more search instances, each with a finite amount of RAM and CPU resources. As your data volume grows, more search instances or larger search instances are deployed to contain your indexed data. When necessary, your index is automatically partitioned across multiple search instances. As your request volume or complexity increases, each search partition is automatically replicated to provide additional processing capacity.
A request that is sent to a search domain to retrieve documents that match particular search criteria.
A document that matches a search request. Also referred to as a search hit.
The URL that you connect to when sending search requests to a search domain.
A key that Amazon Web Services assigns to you when you sign up for an AWS account. Sometimes called simply a "secret key."
A named set of allowed inbound network connections for an instance. (Security groups in Amazon VPC also include support for outbound connections.) Each security group consists of a list of protocols, ports, and IP address ranges. A security group can apply to multiple instances, and multiple groups can regulate a single instance.
Amazon FPS, Amazon Simple Pay: A seller receives money from a buyer in exchange for a service or product.
Amazon Simple Pay: Individual who receives a payment from a buyer using an Amazon Simple Pay button. The seller receives money from a buyer in exchange for a service or product.
Amazon FPS: A sender (also known as the buyer) pays a recipient for a product or service.
Amazon SES: The person or entity sending an email message.
A Microsoft-controlled version of SPF. An email authentication and anti-spoofing system. For more information about Sender ID, go to http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sender_ID.
A general term to cover all types of payment tokens that can be associated with a sender (for example, single-use token, recurring use token, postpaid token, and so on).
The sending quota and maximum send rate that are associated with every Amazon SES account.
The maximum number of emails that you can send using Amazon SES in a 24-hour period.
See endpoint.
Method used to validate Instant Payment Notification (IPN) and Return URL responses.
A web page showing up-to-the-minute information about AWS service availability. The dashboard is located at http://status.aws.amazon.com.
To complete a transaction that has been reserved. If you don't charge the sender immediately when the purchase is initiated (and instead reserve the amount against the sender's credit card), you settle the transaction later, typically after you ship the product to the sender. In FPS, Settling moves the reserved amount from the sender to the recipient.
Amazon Simple Pay does not support settling purchases. You must use the
Amazon Simple Pay API Settle
to implement that
A payment token used to settle the debt accumulated with a postpaid credit instrument.
Secure Hash Algorithm. SHA1 is an earlier version of the algorithm, which AWS has deprecated in favor of SHA256.
An Amazon Machine Image that a developer builds and makes available for others to use.
A predefined bootstrap action that launches a script that executes a series of commands in parallel before terminating the job flow.
Refers to a digital signature, which is a mathematical way to confirm the authenticity of a digital message. AWS uses signatures to authenticate the requests you send to our web services. For more information, to http://aws.amazon.com/security.
A file you copy to the root directory of your storage device. The file contains a job ID, manifest file, and a signature.
See SMTP.
A standard (non-Multi-AZ) DB instance that is deployed in one Availability Zone, without a standby replica in another Availability Zone.
See Also Multi-AZ deployment.
A payment instrument that allows the caller to charge the sender only once (compare to a multi-use token).
The Co-Branded service API that creates a single-use token.
An attribute with one value.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. The standard that is used to exchange email messages between internet hosts for the purpose of routing and delivery.
Amazon Elastic Block Store creates snapshots or backups of your volumes and stores them in Amazon S3. You can use these snapshots as the starting point for new Amazon EBS volumes or to protect your data for long-term durability.
A temporary email delivery failure such as "mailbox full."
A software appliance-based VPN connection over the Internet.
An SDF document field that is used to populate a search index field.
A security measure to verify that an EC2 instance is the origin of all traffic that it sends and the ultimate destination of all traffic that it receives, that is, that the instance is not relaying traffic. Source/destination checking is enabled by default. For instances that function as gateways, such as VPC NAT instances, source/destination checking must be disabled.
Unsolicited bulk email.
An email address that is set up by an anti-spam entity, not for correspondence, but to monitor unsolicited email. This is also called a honeypot.
Sender Policy Framework. A standard for authenticating email.
See Also http://www.openspf.org.
A type of EC2 instance that you can bid on to take advantage of unused Amazon EC2 capacity.
The price for a Spot Instance at any given time. If your maximum price exceeds the current price and your restrictions are met, Amazon EC2 launches instances on your behalf.
AWS CloudFormation: A collection of AWS resources you create and delete as a single unit.
AWS OpsWorks: A set of instances you manage collectively, typically because they have a common purpose such as serving PHP applications. A stack serves as a container and handles tasks that apply to the group of instances as a whole, such as managing applications and cookbooks.
An HTML-coded button to offer Amazon Simple Pay as a standalone payment method for one-time purchases.
A place at an AWS facility where we transfer your AWS Import/Export data on to, or off of, your storage device.
One of five functions of the values submitted for a given sampling period. These functions are "Maximum", "Minimum," "Sum," "Average," and "SampleCount."
The common root or substring shared by a set of related words.
The process of mapping related words to a common stem. This enables matching on variants of a word. For example, a search for "horse" could return matches for horses, horseback, and horsing, as well as horse.
A domain-specific collection of mappings of words to their stems. Amazon CloudSearch does not define a default stemming dictionary.
A single function applied to the data in a job flow. The sum of all steps comprises a job flow.
The type of work done in a step. There are a limited number of step types, such as moving data from Amazon S3 to Amazon EC2 or from Amazon EC2 to Amazon S3.
A feature of the load balancer that binds a user's session to a specific application instance so that all requests coming from the user during the session are sent to the same application instance. By contrast, a load balancer defaults to route each request independently to the application instance with the smallest load.
The process of filtering stop words from an index or search request.
A word that is not indexed and is automatically filtered out of search requests because it is either insignificant or so common that including it would result in too many matches to be useful. Stop words are language-specific.
A domain-specific collection of stopwords. Amazon CloudSearch defines a default stopword dictionary for English that you can use as-is, or customize to suit your collection of data.
Amazon EMR: A utility that comes with Hadoop that enables you to develop MapReduce executables in languages other than Java.
CloudFront: The ability to use a media file in real time—as it is transmitted in a steady stream from a server.
A special kind of distribution that serves streamed media files using a Real Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) connection.
Before you calculate an HMAC signature, you first assemble the required components in a canonical order. The pre-encrypted string is the string-to-sign.
A segment of the IP address range of a VPC that EC2 instances can be attached to. You can create subnets to group instances according to security and operational needs.
An HTML-coded button that enables an easy way to charge customers a recurring fee.
An Amazon Machine Image similar to a paid AMI, except that the owner charges for additional software or a service that customers use with their own AMIs.
A type of bounce that occurs while the email servers of the sender and receiver are actively communicating.
A word that is the same or nearly the same as an indexed word
and that should produce the same results when specified in a search
request. For example, a search for "Rocky Four" or "Rocky 4" should
return the fourth Rocky movie. This can be done
by designating that four
and 4
are synonyms
for IV
. Synonyms are language-specific.
A domain-specific collection of synonym mappings. Amazon CloudSearch does not define a default synonym dictionary.
The set of Qualifications that represent a worker's history and reputation. The Mechanical Turk system assigns these Qualifications to each worker, and continuously updates the values as they use the system.
Numbers and Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X, Y, Z
Metadata (consisting of up to 10 key/value pairs) that you can define and assign to Amazon EC2 resources.
Also called labeling. A way to format return path email addresses so that you can specify a different return path for each recipient of a message. Tagging enables you to support VERP. For example, if Andrew manages a mailing list, he can use the return paths email@example.com and email@example.com so that he can determine which email bounced.
An EC2 instance that runs Hadoop map and reduce tasks, but does not store data. Task nodes are managed by the master node, which assigns Hadoop tasks to nodes and monitors their status. While a job flow is running you can increase and decrease the number of task nodes. Because they don't store data and can be added and removed from a job flow, you can use task nodes to manage the EC2 instance capacity your job flow uses, increasing capacity to handle peak loads and decreasing it later.
Task nodes only run a TaskTracker Hadoop daemon.
A contraction of tera binary byte, a tebibyte is 2^40 bytes or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes. A terabyte is 10^12 or 1,000,000,000,000 bytes.
The version of an AWS CloudFormation template design that
determines the available features. If you omit the AWSTemplateFormatVersion
section from your
template, AWS CloudFormation assumes the most recent format version.
The process of confirming the use of JSON code in an AWS CloudFormation
template. You can validate any AWS CloudFormation template using the
Domain-specific stopword, stemming, and synonym dictionaries used during text processing when building a search index. Stopwords and stems are also used at search time to process the search terms before looking for matching documents in the index.
A built-in relevance score that's based on the repetition of search terms in the document and proximity of search terms to each other in each matching index field in the document. A document's text_relevance score is an integer value from 0 to 1000 (inclusive).
The means by which Amazon SES rejects your attempts to send email because you have exceeded your sending limits.
Data provided as part of a metric. The time value is assumed to be when the value occurred. A metric is the fundamental concept for CloudWatch and represents a time-ordered set of data points. You publish metric data points into CloudWatch and later retrieve statistics about those data points as a time-series ordered data set.
A date/time string in ISO 8601 format.
Part of the text processing that Amazon CloudSearch performs when indexing and processing search requests. During indexing, the contents of each text field are split into a collection of tokens that can be indexed separately. Punctuation is stripped and each word (that isn't in the stopword list) becomes a token. For example, the string "spider-man" would be split into two tokens: spider and man. At search time, the search terms are tokenized using the same rules before being matched against the indexed tokens.
A communication channel to send messages and subscribe to notifications. It provides an access point for publishers and subscribers to communicate with each other.
A cryptographic protocol that provides security for communication over the Internet. Its predecessor is Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
AWS accounts that the CloudFront distribution owner has given permission to create signed URLs for a distribution's content.
Selecting the number and type of AMIs to run a Hadoop job flow most efficiently.
A route for transmission of private network traffic that uses the Internet to connect nodes in the private network. The tunnel uses encryption and secure protocols such as PPTP to prevent the traffic from being intercepted as it passes through public routing nodes.
Numbers and Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X, Y, Z
The number of potential occurrences is not limited by a set number. This value
is often used when defining a data type that is a list (for example, maxOccurs="unbounded"
), in Web Services Description Language.
Standard measurement for the values submitted to CloudWatch as metric data. Units include Seconds, Percent, Bytes, Bits, Count, Bytes/Second, Bits/Second, Count/Second, and None.
An AWS report giving details of your usage of a particular AWS service. You can generate and download usage reports from http://aws.amazon.com/usage-reports.
A person or application under an account that needs to make API calls to AWS products. Each user has a unique name within the AWS account, and a set of security credentials not shared with other users. These credentials are separate from the AWS account's security credentials. Each user is associated with one and only one AWS account.
A customer credential returned to your product during product activation. The user token is a long, encoded string that AWS uses to identify the customer. Your product provides the customer's user token in each request for Amazon S3 the product makes on behalf of the customer. Every user token generated for a particular customer differs from the others because the creation time is one of the items making up the token value.
Numbers and Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X, Y, Z
See template validation.
Instances of attributes for an item, such as cells in a spreadsheet. An attribute might have multiple values.
The amount you charge each customer on top of the cost of the AWS services they used.
See VERP.
The process of confirming that you own an email address or a domain so that you can send emails from or to it.
Variable Envelope Return Path. A way in which email sending applications can match bounced emails with the undeliverable address that caused the bounce by using a different return path for each recipient. VERP is typically used for mailing lists. With VERP, the recipient's email address is embedded in the address of the return path, which is where bounced emails are returned. This makes it possible to automate the processing of bounced emails without having to open the bounce messages, which may vary in content.
Every object in Amazon S3 has a key and a version ID. Objects with the same key, but different version IDs can be stored in the same bucket. Versioning is enabled at the bucket layer using PUT Bucket versioning.
See Also document version.
See VPC.
See VPG.
The period of time that a message is invisible to the rest of your application after an application component gets it from the queue. During the visibility timeout, the component that received the message usually processes it, and then deletes it from the queue. This prevents multiple components from processing the same message.
Virtual private cloud. An elastic network populated by infrastructure, platform, and application services that share common security and interconnection.
Virtual private gateway. The Amazon side of a VPN connection that maintains connectivity. The internal interfaces of the virtual private gateway connect to your VPC via the VPN attachment and the external interfaces connect to the VPN connection, which leads to the customer gateway.
See AWS VPN CloudHub.
Although VPN connection is a general term, we specifically mean the IPsec connection between a VPC and some other network, such as a corporate data center, home network, or co-location facility.
Numbers and Symbols | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X, Y, Z
A language used to describe the actions that a web service can perform, along with the syntax of action requests and responses. Your SOAP or other toolkit interprets a WSDL file to provide your application access to the actions provided by the web service. For most toolkits, your application calls a service action using routines and classes provided or generated by the toolkit.
A developer who uses Amazon FPS, such as by creating an Amazon Simple Pay button.
A person who performs the tasks specified by a Requester in a Human Intelligence Task.


text:
Parents, students, teachers and staff must sign in below to see personal shortcuts and member information.
I forgot my screen name or password
The mission of South Mountain School is to provide all students an opportunity to achieve their highest intellectual, creative and interpersonal potential in a safe, nurturing, collaborative environment that promotes self-worth and fosters a love of learning.
South Mountain School
2 Southern Slope Drive
Millburn, NJ 07041
Scott Wolfe, Principal

subset: commoncrawl


text: To maintain and perpetuate the historical legacy of Pike County, a mission achieved through preservation, leadership, & education. The Society acquires, preserves, and protects the historical sites, artifacts, and records which pertain to the heritage and culture of Pike County. Further, it provides active leadership in the areas of historic preservation, historical & cultural education, and community initiatives and endeavors. Finally, the organization offers a wide range of programs and educational opportunities which foster an appreciation for the culture, heritage & history of Pike County.


text:
Debz Shakti Buller
Lee's Summit, MO
" Welcome to my Site..."
Services: Yoga
- 86Recent Profile views
Debz "Shakti" Buller has been joyfully serving others as a Yoga Teacher, Healer, Working Intuitive, Open Channel, and Hypnotherapist for most of her adult life. Her certifications and practice in many different types and specialties within these arts allow her to bring a lifetime commitment to assist others into a healthy, happy and more "connected" lifestyle.
Shakti became interested in Yoga and Mysticism at the age of 13, after reading about the Beatles' involvement with their Guru, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, and listening to their music accompanied by famous sitar-player, Ravi Shankar. After one "chance" session with a yoga master, which consisted mainly of sitting for an hour, chanting "Aum" and meditating, she was hooked! Quite a few lessons later she was finally shown how to begin practicing the physical poses, and learning the infinite wisdom of the Yogic lifestyle.
Some of Shakti's Yoga teachers are Bryan Kest, Shiva Rea, Govindas, Parvis Nikoo, Kim Schwartz, Gina Caputo, Rodney Yee, Gurmukh Kaur Khalsa, Duncan Wong, Mark Whitwell, Sadie Nardini, Judith Lasater, David Swensen, Doug Swensen, Mark Blanchard, Seane Corn, Francois Rault, Ravi Singh and Ana Brett. She is an initiate into the Kriya Yoga lineage, studying and practicing under the tutelage of her beloved Guru, Sri Enoch Dasa Giri.
Although she has taken a yogic vow of "Ahimsa" (non-harming), she also possesses a vast background in martial arts, yet no longer teaches or competes in this arena. However, her training and experience in these arts inspires her work to be truly focused, disciplined, and filled with integrity. Her education as a black belt and award-winning competitive martial artist/fighter and teacher comes from training with and studying some of the great famous and not-so-famous masters of the world. She is the co-author (with Jennifer Lawler) of #1 best-seller, "Kickboxing For Women", and continues to write for magazines, websites, and newspapers. Her concentration in writing is now related to healing, peace, healthy living and spiritual matters. She is also the subject of many books and articles by other authors.
She is a certified Personal Trainer (ISSA), has numerous group fitness teacher certifications from AFFA, ACE, and other fitness associations.
Shakti bases her practice from a lovely office in Kansas City, Missouri, and serves people around the world via the Internet. She is a much sought-after and engaging workshop presenter on Yoga, Meditation, and any of her Healing and Self-Discovery modalities. Some of her methods are derived from certifications in Reiki, CoreStar and Quantum Touch energy healing; as well as many other techniques gleaned from studies with various Shamans, Healers and other Mystics. Additional offerings include Vibrational and Sound Healing, the use of gemstones and crystals, and aromatherapy. Having 25+ years of Hypnotherapy experience, she specializes in Life Regressions, Progressions, and Parallel Life sessions, part of her Infinite-Life explorative system. Hypnosis is also employed when assisting with addictions, phobias, stress, and other life challenges. As a lifelong working Intuitive and Open Channel, Shakti walks with you on your explorative and healing journey as a complete partner and guide.
An avid environmentalist and Vegan, Shakti enjoys organic gardening, cooking, and providing nutrition consultation to interested clients. She loves photography and photographically documents every facet of her life, much to the annoyance of her close friends and family, and enjoys work as a part-time model! She is also a professional DJ (working under the name of DJ Shakti), and provides sound/light design for bands. She is the happy wife of pro-guitarist, David Buller, the mother of two married sons, Justin and Jon, who have gifted her with 2 amazing daughters-in-law, 3 brilliant grandsons, and one precious, new little rosebud of a grand-daughter! Her dharma (life purpose) is to bring complete wellness, peace, and harmony to the world, one perfect person and one perfect moment at a time.
If you live in or are visiting the Kansas City area, you can make a personal appointment with Shakti by contacting her at email@example.com or by calling 816-550-5490.
Phone or webcam sessions and workshops are available for your convenience as well - Space and Time do not exist in the Shakti Universe! Payments for services can be made in person or via PayPal, if you are receiving distance work.
Services include:
Public Yoga Classes
Multi-Dimensional Energy Healing Session
Intuitive Reading/Open Channeling Session
Infinite-Life Hypnosis Session
Private Yoga, Meditation, or Nutrition Instruction
Workshops [
The location of Shakti Universe in the physical realm is:
811 W. 17th Street
Kansas City, MO 64108
You may also reach Shakti at:
No recommendations yet


text:
I am considering fishing in Holloway Reservoir soon. I here that the lake has a good population of Walleye and Channel Catfish. Any tips for Holloway? Is there any shore access (I don't have a boat)?
The Classic Michigander
Hey Multispecies,
I fish Holloway just about every day as I live about 2 miles away Couple of land spots you can try. Just behind the old IGA in Columbiaville. Plenty of room but it's kinda a step drop off and busted up cement at the bottom, but of course holds some nice smallies in close. We catch alot of channel cats ( 12-18 inch) some eyes, specks, gills etc... The bridge heading west out of Columbiaville, you can park by the little park and fish off the inside land. There's alittle park about 3 miles from columbiaville that has lots of shore access. Hard to tell ya how to get there but drop me aline and I'll help.


text:
College of Education - Graduate
Program Requirements
Special Education Coursework - Required for EI candidates who DO NOT hold a special education endorsement.
EDS 652 Foundations of Special Education (Take first)
Preteaching Coursework - Required for EI candidates who DO NOT hold a special education endorsement. (Application required*)
EDS 550 Preteaching and Methods of Teaching Special Education
(Candidates with approved special education experiences may seek a waiver of EDS 550 requirement.)
Emotional Impairment Coursework - Required for ALL EI candidates.
EDS 609 Emotional Impairment (Take anytime)
EDS 610 Studies in Emotional Impairment (Take anytime)
EDS 611 Instructional Practices: Emotional Impairment (Take anytime)
EDS 625 Inclusive Practices (Take anytime)
EDS 627 Instructional Practices: Technology (Take anytime)
EDS 629 Transition Practices (Take anytime)
EDS 636 Diagnostic and Interpretative Procedures (Take before EDS 638)
EDS 638 Instructional Practices: Learning Disabilities II (Take before EDS 685 C)
Practicum Coursework - Required for ALL EI candiates. (Application required*)
EDS 685 C Emotional Impairment (Take last)
*Application deadlines (Practicum/Thesis/Project): February 15 for spring/summer, May 15 for fall, September 15 for winter semester. Application form required. Apply in advance. Advisor approval required.
Candidates adding the EI endorsement must pass the Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (EI) and maintain a 3.0 G.P.A.
- EDS 550 - Preteaching and Methods of Teaching Special Education
- EDS 609 - Emotional Impairments
- EDS 610 - Studies in Emotional Impairment
- EDS 611 - Instructional Practices: Emotional Impairment
- EDS 625 - Inclusive Practices
- EDS 627 - Instructional Practices: Technology
- EDS 629 - Transition Practices
- EDS 636 - Diagnostic and Interpretative Procedures
- EDS 638 - Instructional Practices: Learning Disabilities 2
- EDS 652 - Foundations of Special Education
- EDS 685 A - Emotional Impairment


text:
Direct Gulf Front condo @ Loggerhead Cay in Sanibel Island
- bedrooms 2
- baths 2
- sleeps 6
- pool yes
- hot tub no
- pets allowed no
- type Condo
- community
rates (USD)
/ week
vacation rental description
Gulf front 2nd floor corner unit!Two bedroom,two bath well appointed
condominium.King Sized Bed in Master bedroom,Both Lanai & Florida
Room with sliding glass doors to the gulf.Beautiful sunrise and
partial sunset views.Heated swimming pool,tennis & shuffleboard
Two Tennis Courts
property availability
Last modified on 09-18-2013 at 8:02 PM.
email owner view full calendar
lewis conner
condo rental amenities
Hi Speed Internet access Cable TV/DVD/VCR in living room & Bedroom
TV in guest bedroom,Phone, Air Conditioning, Stereo, Full Kitchen,
Microwave, Dishwasher, Refrigerator, Ice Maker, Cooking utensils
provided, Linens provided, Washer, Dryer, Pool (shared), Gas Grill
(BBQ), No Smoking
activities and attractions in Sanibel Island Gulf Coast South
Biking, Golf, Tennis, Racquetball, Fitness Center, Gym,
Shuffleboard, Miniature golf, Amusement Parks, Fishing, Wildlife
Viewing, Shopping, Restaurants, Live Theater, Cinemas, Museums,
Sightseeing, Swimming, Snorkeling/Diving, Boating, Sailing,
Waterskiing, Windsurfing, Parasailing, Jet Skiing, Shelling
vacation rental rates
OffSeason $1,000/week April 7 2012 - December 21 2012
Xmas New Year's $2,500/week Dec.22 2012 - Jan. 5 2013
Winter Season 2013 $1,5000/week Jan.5 2013 - Feb 15 2013
Peak Season 2013 $2,500/week feb 16 2013 - April 6 2013
lewis conner
payment methods
Owner has not provided their accepted payment methods
Prior to paying a reservation deposit, always verify payment instructions by calling the phone number displayed on this listing page. By contacting the owner directly and paying by an approved method - credit card, paypal, check or bank transfer - your reservation payment will be protected up to $1,000.
Learn more in our Security Center


text:
Tim Hortons Inc. Announces Timing Of Fourth Quarter & Year-End 2012 Results & Conference Call
OAKVILLE, ON, Feb. 7, 2013 /PRNewswire/ - Tim Hortons Inc. (TSX: THI), (NYSE: THI) today announced the timing of its fourth quarter and year-end 2012 results and conference call.
Tim Hortons plans to release its fourth quarter and year-end 2012 results on Thursday, February 21 st, 2013 prior to the market open. A conference call to discuss the results is scheduled to begin later that day at 2:30 p.m. (EST). The dial-in number is (416) 641-6712 or (800) 773-0497. No access code is required. A simultaneous web cast of the call, including presentation material, will be available at www.timhortons-invest.com. A replay of the call will be available until February 28 th, 2013 and can be accessed at (416) 626-4100 or (800) 558-5253. The call replay reservation number is 21648038. The call will also be archived for a period of one year at www.timhortons-invest.com in the Events and Presentations section.
Tim Hortons Inc. Overview Tim Hortons is one of the largest publicly-traded restaurant chains in North America based on market capitalization, and the largest in Canada. Operating in the quick service segment of the restaurant industry, Tim Hortons appeals to a broad range of consumer tastes, with a menu that includes premium coffee, espresso-based hot and cold specialty drinks including lattes, cappuccinos and espresso shots, specialty teas, fruit smoothies, home-style soups, fresh Panini and classic sandwiches, wraps, hot breakfast sandwiches and fresh baked goods, including our trademark donuts. As of September 30 th, 2012, Tim Hortons had 4,138 systemwide restaurants, including 3,365 in Canada, 755 in the United States and 18 in the Gulf Cooperation Council. More information about the Company is available at www.timhortons.com.
SOURCE Tim Hortons Inc.
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American Academy of Family Physicians; Iowa Academy of Family Physicians
American Board of Family Medicine