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- Defective translational control facilitates vesicular stomatitis virus oncolysis
Defective translational control facilitates vesicular stomatitis virus oncolysis
Cancer Cell, Volume 5, Issue 1, 1 January 2004, Pages 51-65
Siddharth Balachandran and Glen N. Barber
SummaryVesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exerts potent antitumor activity, although the molecular mechanisms underlying its oncolytic properties remain to be fully clarified. Here, we demonstrate that normally resistant murine embryonic fibroblasts are rendered highly permissive to VSV replication following cellular transformation, a progression that appears to compromise the antiviral effects of interferon (IFN). Subsequent studies revealed normal dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) activation and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) α. Nevertheless, eIF2B-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange activity downstream of eIF2 was frequently aberrant in transformed cells, neutralizing eIF2α phosphorylation and permitting VSV mRNA translation. Thus, defects in translational regulation can cooperate with impaired IFN signaling to facilitate VSV replication, and may represent a common hallmark of tumorigenesis.
Summary | Full Text | PDF (1145 kb) - Mechanistic Link between PKR Dimerization, Autophosphorylation, and eIF2α Substrate Recognition
Mechanistic Link between PKR Dimerization, Autophosphorylation, and eIF2α Substrate Recognition
Cell, Volume 122, Issue 6, 23 September 2005, Pages 901-913
Madhusudan Dey, Chune Cao, Arvin C. Dar, Tomohiko Tamura, Keiko Ozato, Frank Sicheri and Thomas E. Dever
SummaryThe antiviral protein kinase PKR inhibits protein synthesis by phosphorylating the translation initiation factor eIF2α on Ser51. Binding of double-stranded RNA to the regulatory domains of PKR promotes dimerization, autophosphorylation, and the functional activation of the kinase. Herein, we identify mutations that activate PKR in the absence of its regulatory domains and map the mutations to a recently identified dimerization surface on the kinase catalytic domain. Mutations of other residues on this surface block PKR autophosphorylation and eIF2α phosphorylation, while mutating Thr446, an autophosphorylation site within the catalytic-domain activation segment, impairs eIF2α phosphorylation and viral pseudosubstrate binding. Mutational analysis of catalytic-domain residues preferentially conserved in the eIF2α kinase family identifies helix αG as critical for the specific recognition of eIF2α. We propose an ordered mechanism of PKR activation in which catalytic-domain dimerization triggers Thr446 autophosphorylation and specific eIF2α substrate recognition.
Summary | Full Text | PDF (781 kb) - Hepatitis C Virus Blocks Interferon Effector Function by Inducing Protein Kinase R Phosphorylation
Hepatitis C Virus Blocks Interferon Effector Function by Inducing Protein Kinase R Phosphorylation
Cell Host & Microbe, Volume 6, Issue 6, 17 December 2009, Pages 513-522
Urtzi Garaigorta and Francis V. Chisari
SummaryHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded RNA virus encoding a single polyprotein whose translation is driven by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). HCV infection strongly induces antiviral interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression in the liver, yet it persists, suggesting that HCV can block ISG effector function. We now show that HCV infection triggers phosphorylation and activation of the RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR, which inhibits eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2α and attenuates ISG protein expression despite normal ISG mRNA induction. ISG protein induction is restored and the antiviral effects of interferon are enhanced when PKR expression is suppressed in interferon-treated infected cells. Whereas host protein translation, including antiviral ISGs, is suppressed by activated PKR, HCV IRES-dependent translation is not. These results suggest that the ability of HCV to activate PKR may, paradoxically, be advantageous for the virus during an IFN response by preferentially suppressing the translation of ISGs.
Summary | Full Text | PDF (1075 kb) - …more
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Copyright © 2000 Cell Press All rights reserved.
Immunity, Volume 13, Issue 1, 129-141, 1 July 2000
Add/View Comments (0)Essential Role for the dsRNA-Dependent Protein Kinase PKR in Innate Immunity to Viral Infection
Siddharth Balachandran1, 2, 5, Paul C Roberts3, Laura E Brown4, Ha Truong1, Asit K Pattnaik1, David R Archer4 and Glen N Barber1, 2, #, *,
1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
2 Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
4 Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
5 Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- The double-stranded (ds) RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR is considered to play an important role in interferon's (IFN's) response to viral infection. Here, we demonstrate that mice lacking PKR are predisposed to lethal intranasal infection by the usually innocuous vesicular stomatitis virus, and also display increased susceptibility to influenza virus infection. Our data indicate that in normal cells, PKR primarily prevents virus replication by inhibiting the translation of viral mRNAs through phosphorylation of eIF2α, while concomitantly assisting in the production of autocrine IFN and the establishment of an antiviral state. These results show that PKR is an essential component of innate immunity that acts early in host defense prior to the onset of IFN counteraction and the acquired immune response.


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Beautiful Bicycle: Jeff's Factory 5 F550 Track | PERMALINK
*Use the arrow keys on your keyboard, or swipe on any iOS device, to navigate!
Last month's tour was one of the best months of my life. China was, albeit a bit taxing at times, incredible and that's all thanks to the crew at Factory 5. One of those dudes is Jeff and this is his no frills Factory 5 F550 track bike. Bare aluminum, black components and my favorite rims, this bike is clean!
I have to admit, it's my favorite from the group and that's mostly due to the utilitarian nature of the setup. Sometimes, there's risers and a front brake, other times, compact drops. The gear range is spinny and as Jeff proved by smashing it up some serious climbs, he's well equipped for anything…

subset: commoncrawl


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Tebow will be inactive after Dr Ryan deems him unfit to play. It will be sanchez and Big mac.
Tebow will be inactive after Dr Ryan deems him unfit to play. It will be sanchez and Big mac.
The biggest problem is that Rex is an emotionally driven person, and he cannot emotionally bench Sanchez. Mark goes to all of REx's kid's games. He is like another son to Rex. Anyone who has played on a team where the QB was the coach's son knows that Rex will never permenantly bench Mark. Did anyone see the scene after the game last week where REx had his arm around Maark in fron tof his locker? No way he will not go with him.
Sad, really.
if that's true, then he's sealed his own fate. it's his decision and he understands the consequences. if that's true, then it's even more clear rex didn't want tebow, and it makes sense he hasn't used him this year. it's tough not to conclude that tebow was woody's idea, since you have sparano as the OC who loves the wildcat, sanchez is terrible yet they don't allow tebow to throw.
rex will land on his feet in broadcasting, sparano will take a college job somewhere and tannenbaum will go to another organization as a salary cap guy.
Yes, accuracy can be coached and some QBs that are good now have increased their accuracy over the years, such as Eli and Brees. BUT, the difference between them, Young, and your boy is throwing motion. Tebow has a bad throwing motion. It's too long and he twists the ball around like he's a pitcher rather than a QB.
No amount of accuracy "coaching" is going to improve that without a complete change in throwing motion. Get a conventional throwing motion first, then we can talk about coaching and improving accuracy.
The Rams beat the snot out of Colin Kapernick. Sanchez is the man; I have no faith in what McElroy can bring consistently. Sanchez is best option.
Rex is an idiot
We have a fool as our head coach
Go F yourselves Jets!!!
Brian Costello @BrianCoz
LaDainian Tomlinson on SiriusXM called Ryan's decision to go with Sanchez "unbelievable." #nyj
This organization is the laughing stock of sports not just the NFL!!
Im obviously in the minority but I'm not mad. I don't think McElroy's a franchise QB, so who starts is inconsequential at this point.
What's important is that we draft a QB in one of the first 3 rounds in April and either sign or trade for another such as TJ Yates.


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It will be one week before San Diego Mayor Bob Filner officially resigns, but incoming Interim Mayor Todd Gloria is already charting the course of his impending administration, and it is clear he intends to be far more than a mere placeholder until the city charter-mandated special election to be held several months hence. In a press conference on Friday, Gloria outlined his goals for his time as mayor and said that when Filner steps down next week, he will immediately order a "clean up" in San Diego City Hall—including a "top-down review" of San Diego's city departments to ensure they are in compliance with city rules—and will tackle a backlog of public records requests that have languished as Filner's administration became increasingly focused on the tsunami of sexual harassment accusations it has been forced to deal with over the last several months. The openly gay Gloria—who represents San Diego's Downtown, Hillcrest and North Park neighborhoods—recently won a second term on the council. He was a major supporter of Filner's during his candidacy for mayor, but became one of the loudest voices calling for his resignation as accusations of sexual misconduct mounted and city business ground to a halt.
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NO LIES. JUST LOVE. N I X I E - 19 - P H I L I P P I N E S Follow me on Twitter and weheartit and add me up on Facebook Eunice Alagon
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Join Orbitz Rewards - It's FREE! One click and you're in!
Fortaleza to Natal Flights
Selected fares from Fortaleza to Natal
Departure | Arrival | Travel dates | Round-trip |
FOR | NAT | Mon, Jun 16 - Tue, Jun 17 | $449 |
FOR | NAT | Mon, Jun 16 - Tue, Jun 17 | $504 |
Fortaleza and Natal airports and terminals
Airports in Fortaleza CE, BR
Pinto Martins (FOR)
Distance from City Center: 0.4 miles
Carriers for flights from FOR to NAT
Airports in Natal RN, BR
Augusto Severo (NAT)
Distance from City Center: 0 miles
Carriers for flights from FOR to NAT
Cheap flights from Fortaleza to Natal
Sun | Mon | Tue | Wed | Thu | Fri | Sat |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
Highlighted price = Cheapest round-trip flights
Prices are round trip per person (conditions apply)
Lowest roundtrip airfare in June from Fortaleza to Natal
Travel dates | Departure | Arrival | Stops: | Round-trip |
Leave Sun, Jun 15 | Fortaleza (FOR) | Natal (NAT) | GOL |
Return Tue, Jun 17 | Natal (NAT) | Fortaleza (FOR) | GOL |
Flights to Natal
Flights from Fortaleza
Finding flights from Fortaleza is simple when using Orbitz.com. This city is serviced by Pinto Martins Fortaleza International Airport, which is located at Avenida Senador Carlos Jereissati, 3000 in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. The airport is approximately six miles from the downtown area of the city and has international flights to locations such as Lisbon, Rome, Milan and several other places. Pinto Martins Fortaleza International Airport also has domestic flights to a number of areas in Brazil. Airlines flying out of this airport include Gol Transportes Aereos WebJet and several other low-fare airlines. If you are looking for rates on air tickets from this airport, Orbitz.com can help you find them.
Parking at the Airport
This airport offers several parking options to travelers. It contains a parking lot that has capacity for more than 900 vehicles and offers both long- and short-term parking options. Handicap spaces are available for those who need to use them.
Getting to the Airport
Passengers flying out of Pinto Martins Fortaleza International can choose from a variety of transportation companies to get to the airport. Among them are taxi, shuttle and car rental companies. Some of the car rental companies include Locar Alpha, United, Avis and Movida.
Passenger Restaurant Options
The airport offers a wide range of eateries and food and beverage options for passengers to choose from. There are snack bars, restaurants, cafés and bars where travelers can pick up a bite to eat or something to drink. Let Orbitz.com help plan your trip and find you flights from Fortaleza.
Augusto Severo International Airport
If you're looking for cheap flights to Natal, Orbitz.com can help you find a ticket with a low fare. The website searches domestic and international flight combinations to help people get good deals on air travel. The Augusto Severo International Airport is located in Parnamirim, approximately 10 miles from Natal's city center. Nine airlines service the airport, including Air Italy, Avianca Brazil, Gol Airlines and TAP Portugal.
Transportation from the Airport
You can take a bus from the airport into Natal for $1.28. Buses are located just outside the terminal door. Taxi service is also available at the airport. Taxicabs operate at a fixed rate, and it costs $19.66 for a ride to Natal. If you'd rather have your own transportation, you can reserve a rental car using the Orbitz.com website.
Climate in Natal
Natal has a tropical wet and dry climate. The temperatures don't vary much throughout the year. The low temperatures range from the mid-60s to the mid-70s, and the high temperatures range from the low to high 80s. January is the warmest month, and July has the coolest temperatures. Although it rains a lot in Natal, there's a dry season that runs from the beginning of September to the end of January.
Highlights and Attractions
Natal is filled with beaches, dunes and places to explore. You can take a tour of the sand dunes on a beach buggy or by riding a camel. Cotovelo Beach, Ponta Negra and Morro do Careca are some of the most popular beaches in the area. Other attractions include the Metropolitan Cathedral, the Museum of Popular Culture and Potengi Palace. Orbitz.com does more than just find cheap flights to Natal; the website also offers a variety of vacation packages designed to save you money.
Interesting facts about flights from Fortaleza to Natal
- 3 direct flights are operating from Fortaleza to Natal today.
- Today's average time for a direct flight is 1h 5m.
- GOL flight 1255 (5:50 AM GMT, Boeing 737-800 Passenger) is today's earliest available flight from Fortaleza to Natal.
- GOL flight 1906 (5:55 PM GMT, Boeing 737-800 Passenger) is today's latest available flight from Fortaleza to Natal.
- Today's shortest direct flight from Fortaleza to Natal (GOL flight 1255, Boeing 737-800 Passenger) takes 1h 3m.
- Today's longest direct flight from Fortaleza to Natal (GOL flight 1672, Boeing 737-700 Passenger) takes 1h 8m.
- Flights from Pinto Martins (FOR) to Augusto Severo (NAT) are available for this route.
Aircraft options between Fortaleza and Natal
Equipment | Carrier |
Boeing 737-700 Passenger | GOL |
Boeing 737-800 Passenger | GOL |
Flight schedule for flights from Fortaleza to Natal on Mon, Mar 17, 2014
Carrier | Flight # | Departing | Arriving | Aircraft | Flight time | ||
Airport | Time | Airport | Time | ||||
GOL | G31255 | FOR | 10:50 AM | NAT | 11:53 AM | 738 | 1hr 3min |
GOL | G31672 | FOR | 2:12 PM | NAT | 3:20 PM | 73G | 1hr 8min |
TAM Airlines | JJ3307 | FOR | 9:58 PM | NAT | 10:55 PM | 320 | 0hr 57min |
GOL | G31906 | FOR | 10:55 PM | NAT | 11:59 PM | 738 | 1hr 4min |
Fare, taxes & fees: Fares include all taxes and fees, except baggage fees. Rates shown reflect fares found by other Orbitz users over the past 48 hours. Due to rapidly changing airline prices & seat availability, these fares may no longer be available.
Refunds/changes/cancellations: Itinerary changes, if permitted for the fare, will have a $30 service fee charged by Orbitz. Additional airline charges may apply.
Other conditions: Schedules, fares and rules are subject to change without notice. Seats are limited and may not be available on all flights/dates or in all markets. Lower fares may be available. Fares will not be honored retroactively or in exchange for any wholly/partially unused ticket. Tickets are non-transferable and non-refundable. Fare rules are provided for the selected itinerary before booking.


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The IFAC Supports Stronger Independence Rules
by Terri Eyden on
printer friendly
By Anne Rosivach
The International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA), an independent international standards board supported by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), has proposed strengthening current rules for auditor independence.
The proposed changes to the IESBA Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants require an audit firm that identifies a breach in independence to discuss the breach (regardless of the significance of the breach) with those charged with governance, such as the audit committee, as soon as possible. The firm would also be required to discuss the remedial actions it proposes to take and obtain the audit committee's concurrence that the actions are satisfactory, the IESBA states.
IFAC is comprised of 167 members and associates in 127 countries and jurisdictions, representing approximately 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.
What's Considered a Breach
Following are examples of what constitutes a breach of the IESBA's independence requirements:
- A valuation service is reassessed and determined to be material to the financial statements.
- After assignment to the audit team, it becomes clear that the spouse of the team member, who is employed by the audit client, has the ability to exert significant influence over the client's accounting records.
- A broker of the partner's spouse buys shares of stock unaware that the spouse is not permitted to own the shares.
The proposals were published in an Exposure Draft (ED) in October 2011.
The ED states further that:
"If those charged with governance agree that action can be taken to satisfactorily address the consequences of the breach, continue with the audit engagement, if those charged with governance do not agree, take the steps necessary to terminate the audit engagement in compliance with any applicable legal or regulatory requirements relevant to terminating the audit engagement."
IESBA proposes two significant changes to the language of the code. The current code refers to "inadvertent" violations of the requirement. The IESBA proposes eliminating "inadvertent" and changing "violation" to "breach."
"The IESBA concluded that a provision that included 'inadvertent' inappropriately diverted attention from the violation itself." The current code uses both "violation" and "breach," and the IESBA concluded that "breach" was a better term and would improve consistency of terminology.
Published comments generally support the ED, although to some, the requirements seem disproportionate and may not serve the public interest.
The ED comment period ended on January 23, 2012. The IESBA is continuing to solicit feedback on its proposals by encouraging directors and audit committee members to respond to its short survey – Breach of an Independence Requirement – posted on its website.
In the United States, the AICPA, Department of Labor, and the Securities and Exchange Commission all have rules regarding auditor independence.
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Urban Hotel Morishita
Travel Blogs from Koto
In With a Bang
... was more circuitous, so as to avoid bottlenecks. So apart from the ground sheet policing, well done, Setagaya Ward, on another successful iteration of the Tamagawa Fireworks.
[The pictures don't include many of the showier fireworks, i.e. the glittery gold ones because they don't tend to photograph as well as the subtler ones, and the standard large single-colour bursts because frankly, I don't find them as interesting.]
The adventure continues in Tokyo
... The subway system is separate from the JR system so we would have to buy another ticket for that. Shucks! We thought our passes would get us to the hotel without having to switch train systems. We all have full size suitcases as well as backpacks so we were not excited about dragging those thought the subway station. But that's alright! We came here for an international traveling experience so we were not going to complain!
Warm water sprays
... sushi, loads of it.
Next is Kinosaki, the Onsen town north of Kyoto, on the coast and famous for its crabmeat. The whole day we walk through town dressed in our kimono, going from Onsen to Onsen, and getting as pink as the crabs themselves. We speed ourselves with 303 km/h in the 'shinkansen' bullet train to Hakone, at the foot of Mt Fuji, for two days of MTB. Picking up our bikes in the morning we hear big rumbles coming from the direction of ...
... teselating market stall and stores. This whole area backs up onto the anime district where girls in costumes usher you into comic-book stores and arcades. Here's a video from youtube showcasing the area:
- And here's a video of the 'Super Geek' culture in effect. This was a queue I stumbled upon where grown men were ...
Asakusa, people and advise in 31 degrees C
... thinking about if the process was something like shaving our legs... We laughed like idiots, which we probably are too, just a little bit ^^), when a lot if Japanese people started taking pictures... They didn't ask but did it quite openly (don't know if they thought they were doing it in secret), we only looked in to the camera if they asked if it was okay to take a picture, the others we ignored. Finally the random lady that helped us at the shaved ice booth came and ...
Other places to stay in Koto
Hotel East 21 Tokyo
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 4 star hotelfrom $96 -
Comfort Hotel Tokyo Kiyosumi Shirakawa
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $79 -
Tokyo Bay Ariake Washington
Shinbashi/Siodame/Odaiba, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $97 -
Flexstay Kameido Inn
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 2 star hotelfrom $61 -
Hotel Sunroute Ariake
Shinbashi/Siodame/Odaiba, Koto | 1 star hotelfrom $83 -
Hotel Trusty Tokyo Bayside
Shinbashi/Siodame/Odaiba, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $79 -
Apa Hotel Tokyo Kiba
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $65 -
Tokyo Kiba Hotel
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 1 star hotelfrom $40 -
APA Hotel Tokyo Ojima
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $69 -
Route Inn Tokyo Toyocho
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $81 -
Super Hotel Tokyo Kameido
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $74 -
Toyoko Inn Monzen-nakacho Eitaibashi
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $78 -
R&B Hotel Tokyo Toyocho
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | 1 star hotelfrom $49 -
Day Nice Hotel Tokyo
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $103 -
Hotel Lynx
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $82 -
Excel City Hotel
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $84 -
Tokyu Stay Monzen-nakacho
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $169 -
Family Lodge Hatagoya Tokyo Shinkibaten
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $87 -
Refre Forum
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $73 -
Family Hotel Fukagawa
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $66 -
Azuma Business Hotel
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $58 -
Business Hotel Legato
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotelfrom $125 -
Business Hotel New Fukuya
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotel -
Business Hotel K-inn
Koto/Edogawa/Shinkoiwa, Koto | Hotel -
APA Hotel Tokyo-Shiomi-Ekimae
Tokyo Station/Ginza/Nihonbashi, Koto | 3 star hotelfrom $60 -
Residential Hotel B: CONTE Ariake
Shinbashi/Siodame/Odaiba, Koto | 4 star hotelfrom $147


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It isn't enough to fix discrimination and end harassment when you find out about it. Under California's Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA) your organization has a duty to prevent it. FEHA makes it an unlawful employment practice "for an employer ... to fail to take all reasonable steps necessary to prevent discrimination and harassment from occurring" in the workplace.
Those steps should include making sure no one utters slurs, tags offensive graffiti or punishes employees who complain about discrimination or harassment.
Recent case: Antia Lelaind, who is black, worked for the City and County of San Francisco. She complained when a white male subordinate appeared to threaten another black subordinate and when nooses appeared in the workplace.
When the black subordinate sued for discrimination, Lelaind testified on her behalf. She claimed she was discriminated against and retaliated against for doing so. Lelaind said she was moved, given no work, no access to her computer and no office. She said her performance evaluation was downgraded.
Lelaind sued under both state and federal laws. She lost her federal and FEHA claims on a technicality, but the court said her failure-to-prevent-retaliation and discrimination claims could go to trial. (Lelaind v. City and County of San Francisco, No. 06-05870, ND CA, 2008)
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The Gallery Bass Merchant - Product Locator
Manufacturer: Vanderkley Bass Cabinet
Vanderkley: 210MNT |
Vanderkley 210MNT |
PRICE MATCH PROMISE !NeoLite speaker cabinets are made out of very strong but lightweight, void free birch and poplar plywood, dowelled joint construction and internal bracing. All woodworking is done with ultra precise cnc-machines. The NeoLite cabinets are loaded with the latest generation custom-made neodymium drivers. The drivers are absolute state-of-the-art; constructed from a cast aluminum frame, neodymium magnet assembly, unique coil and magnet cooling design, waterproof cone material, linear frequency response, high power- and sensitivity-ratings. Cabinets with a tweeter feature a custom-made filter with tweeter protection circuit and a high frequency attenuator on the back panel. Here you will also find two Neutrik® speakon/6.3mm jack-combo connectors linked parallel. All speaker cabinets are sealed airtight from the inside so the air will only enter or leave the cab thru the tuned port-tube mounted on either the front or back or both. All speaker cabinets are covered with black carpet, which will protect your cabinet for years to come. Every speaker cabinet is hand-made by Marc Vanderkley. The NeoLite series bass cabinets are the ultimate in portability and power without any sacrifice to true and clear tone. Configuration: 2x10" Neodymium drivers + tweeter Power: 600 Watts RMS Impedance: 8 Ohms Freq. response: 45 Hz – 16 kHz Sensitivity: 100 dB 1W @ 1m Size: H x W x D, 50 cm / 20" x 50 cm / 20" x 41 cm / 16" Weight: 17 Kg / 37 lbs TO ORDER
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Alabama Football: What We Learned from the Week 1 Game vs. Michigan
By Sanjay Kirpalani ,
The nation learned that Nick Saban's Alabama squad is poised to make a run at becoming the first team to repeat as national champions since Nebraska in 1995.
After dispatching No. 8 Michigan by a score of 41-14 in its season opener, No. 2 Alabama served notice to the nation that the discussion for the country's top team should include—and perhaps begin—with the Crimson Tide.
Alabama jumped out to a 31-0 lead in the first half and cruised to a rather easy victory in the only matchup of the young season's opening weekend to pit two top 10 teams against one another.
Nick Saban's club appeared dominant in all three phases and made a team that enters the 2012 season as the favorite to capture the Big Ten look average at best.
What else did Tide fans and observers around the country find out about the Tide?
Here are five things we learned from Alabama's season-opening victory over Michigan.
Alabama's OL paved the way for Jalston Fowler and the rest of the Tide's RB's to pile up 232 yards rushing.
Heading into the 2012 season, most pundits and media scribes pointed to Alabama's wealth of talent and and experience in the trenches as the main reason they could challenge for another national title.
That line of thinking was more than validated as the Tide piled up 232 yards rushing against the Wolverines while surrendering just 69 yards on the ground to Denard Robinson and company.
While several story lines will emerge from the Tide's romp over the Wolverines, the big picture is that if Alabama continues to be dominant in the trenches, that strength may be enough to carry them all the way to Miami in the second week of January.
DeAndrew White hauled in a 51-yard TD strike from McCarron in the second quarter.
With the loss of starting wideouts Marquis Maze and Darius Hanks from last season, another perceived weakness for the Tide was the wide receiver group.
Even though Alabama's 199 yards through the air does not seem like an impressive total, Kevin Norwood and DeAndrew White led an explosive attack against one of the toughest secondary groups it may see all season.
The added threats on the edges—which hindered the Tide's attack in 2011—should ease the pressure on McCarron and Alabama's running backs.
Deion Belue and Vinnie Sunseri were beaten on a 70-yard bomb by Jeremy Gallon in the second quarter.
If there was one glaring issue that the Tide will have going forward, it will be the growing pains of a young and talented—but mostly inexperienced—secondary.
Granted, the game's outcome had already been decided, but Denard Robinson—not exactly known for his passing skills—was able to hit on a pair of big passing plays of more than 40 yards due to breakdowns in the Tide's secondary.
With road trips to pass-heavy opponents like Arkansas and Tennessee looming, Saban and his staff will have to work on preventing those breakdowns from occurring on a regular basis.
Yeldon is poised to have a huge year after Saturday's 111-yard debut performance.
Alabama fans are not foreign to the concept of witnessing brilliant freshman running backs, but even the most ardent Tide supporters had to pinch themselves after witnessing the historic debut of T.J. Yeldon.
Much to the chagrin of the rest of the nation that has seen elite backs like Mark Ingram, Trent Richardson and Eddie Lacy burst onto the scene as teenagers, Yeldon accomplished something his predecessors failed to do—rush for more than a 100 yards in his first college game.
The 6'2", 216-pound former 5-star recruit showed a rare burst for a back with his size, plus the ability to cut at an instant and get up field in a hurry.
After a strong performance against a high-caliber opponent, Yeldon's role only figures to increase as the season moves along.
McCarron and the Tide proved that they have everything they need to complete a repeat.
The fact that Alabama was able to put together such a strong showing against a quality opponent is a sign that this team has the pieces in place to make a run at becoming the school's first team to repeat as national champions since 1979.
That said, the grind of a long season is sure to bring ups and downs, but the Tide's first impression this season suggests that Saban and his staff have everything in place to become the first school to capture three crystal footballs in the BCS era.


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Dump-and-Stir Chili
This tasty chili takes about 25 minutes to make--start to finish--and feeds a crowd. If you need some toppings, choose low-carb options, such as sour cream, shredded Cheddar cheese, or chopped onion.
Yield: 11 servings (serving size: 1 cup)
More From Oxmoor House
Nutritional Information
Amount per serving
- Calories: 170
- Calories from fat: 0.0%
- Fat: 1.2g
- Saturated fat: 0.4g
- Monounsaturated fat: 0.0g
- Polyunsaturated fat: 0.0g
- Protein: 14.1g
- Carbohydrate: 25.6g
- Fiber: 7.3g
- Cholesterol: 0.0mg
- Iron: 2.5mg
- Sodium: 591mg
- Calcium: 95mg
- 2 (15-ounce) cans 99%-fat-free turkey chili without beans
- 2 (15-ounce) cans no-salt-added pinto beans, undrained
- 2 (14.5-ounce) cans no-salt-added diced tomatoes, undrained
- 1 (10-ounce) can diced tomatoes and green chiles, undrained
- 3 tablespoons instant minced onion
- 1 tablespoon chili powder
- 1. Combine all ingredients in a large Dutch oven, and bring to a boil. Cover, reduce heat, and simmer 10 minutes. Uncover; simmer 10 minutes, stirring occasionally.
- carbo rating: 18
Dump-and-Stir Chili Recipe at a Glance
- COURSE: Main Dishes, Soups/Stews
- MAIN INGREDIENT: Beans
- DIETARY CONSIDERATION: Diabetic, Low Calorie, Low Cholesterol, Low Fat, Low Saturated Fat
- PUBLICATION: Oxmoor House
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You can read the report in full here: http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/content/ReimaginingRemembrance.pdf [2] (*.PDF Adobe Acrobat format)
Remembrance Day needs to be re-imagined in more hopeful, truthful, meaningful and inclusive ways for future generations, says this report commissioned by Ekklesia. That would include an honest if painful acknowledgement that some do "die in vain", an end to "selective remembrance", a positive stress on peacemaking, and making Armistice Day a public holiday. The report, originally published in 2009, followed the death of the 'last Tommy', Harry Patch from World War 1, who sadly described current patterns of Remembrance Day as "just show business". Remembrance has been 'cheapened' by a failure to back up words with action, particularly when it comes to successive governments' inadequate care for war veterans, but also -- vitally -- the lack of serious resources put into peacebuilding. The report traces the development of Britain's remembrance tradition and makes a series of proposals about how Remembrance Day might be positively developed. It also includes reflection on the meaning and practice of 'memory', not least from a Christian theological standpoint.
You can read the report in full here: http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/content/ReimaginingRemembrance.pdf [2] (*.PDF Adobe Acrobat format)
[1] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/user/346
[2] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/content/ReimaginingRemembrance.pdf
[3] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/tags/239
[4] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/tags/139
[5] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/tags/141
[6] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/tags/150
[7] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/tags/142
[8] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/tags/708
[9] http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/whitepoppies


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Willbros Reports Second Quarter 2012 Results from Continuing Operations
HOUSTON, Aug. 7, 2012 /PRNewswire/ — Willbros Group, Inc. (NYSE: WG) announced today results from continuing operations for the second quarter of 2012. The Company recorded a net loss of $4.0 million, or ($0.08) per share, on revenue of $499.2 million, compared to a net loss from continuing operations in the first quarter of 2012 of $23.0 million, or ($0.48) per share, on revenue of $419.1 million, and net income from continuing operations of $7.2 million, or $0.15 per share, on revenue of $442.7 million in the second quarter of 2011.
For the second quarter of 2012, the Company generated operating income of $5.9 million compared to an operating loss of $10.6 million in the first quarter of 2012 and an operating income of $8.2 million in the second quarter of 2011.
Randy Harl, President and Chief Executive Officer, commented, "Our second quarter results were negatively impacted by delays on two projects and execution problems on two others. One project encountered dense rock formations, which led to underperformance by a sub-contractor and impacted productivity on the entire project. A lump-sum capital project in Canada also encountered poor soil conditions which reduced productivity and increased costs. In the aggregate, these four projects reduced our operating income by approximately $14.4 million in the second quarter of 2012, and were the primary reason we did not meet the operating income guidance of $14.0 to $16.0 million we provided with our first quarter results. Excluding the impact of these four projects, we would have exceeded the high end of this guidance.
"Despite the operating income shortfall relative to the guidance, we had several business units that performed as planned, or better than expected. I am very pleased with the progress we achieved in the Utility T&D segment which was driven by better performance in our transmission and distribution businesses in Texas. Our Texas distribution business, where we have been focused on making operating improvements, generated positive operating income for the first time since the acquisition of InfrastruX. Additionally, our Downstream Engineering business unit made a positive contribution for the second consecutive quarter and our Upstream Engineering unit continues to deliver strong operating performance on both engineering and EPC projects.
"We booked over $550 million of new work during the second quarter, maintaining a positive book-to-bill ratio. We continue to experience higher levels of bid activity consistent with our exposure to the Canadian oil sands, where we added $110 million in new work, primarily on sites where we have a long and successful work history. For the balance of 2012, we will emphasize improving our execution of the work we have in backlog."
At June 30, 2012, Willbros reported backlog from continuing operations of $2.4 billion compared to $2.3 billion at March 31, 2012. Twelve month backlog increased 36 percent to $1.2 billion at June 30, 2012 compared to $865.1 million at December 31, 2011. The major increases in backlog were in the Oil & Gas and Canada segments which increased over 47 and 62 percent, respectively, from the end of last year.
Segment Operating Results
Oil & Gas
For the second quarter of 2012, the Oil & Gas segment reported operating income of $388 thousand on revenue of $291.4 million. Revenue increased $40.5 million as compared to $250.9 million in the same period last year and the increase was primarily driven by the rapid growth of our regional offices, which now generate approximately 21 percent of segment revenue. The segment's performance was negatively impacted by a project delay associated with our customer obtaining necessary permits, which have now been received. The majority of revenue anticipated from this south Louisiana project is now expected to be generated in the third and fourth quarters. Additionally, our progress on the Red River Pipeline project was impeded by low productivity due to greater than anticipated rock excavation, which put the project in a loss position.
Utility T&D
For the second quarter of 2012, the Utility T&D segment reported operating income of $8.4 million on revenue of $170.5 million. This represents the best quarterly financial results since this segment was created after the InfrastruX acquisition. This improvement was mainly driven by higher utilization of resources in our transmission and distribution businesses and secondly by positive operating income generated in the Texas distribution business.
For the second quarter of 2012, the Canada segment reported an operating loss of $2.9 million on revenue of $37.4 million. The loss was attributable to a lump-sum capital project which encountered increased costs related to piling installation, which put the project in a loss position, as well as the delayed start-up on another project due to delays by the customer.
At June 30, 2012, the Company had $38.5 million of cash and cash equivalents and access to $25.0 million in cash under the revolver included in its Credit Facility. As part of the March 4, 2011 amendment to its Credit Facility, the Company agreed to limit its cash borrowings to $25.0 million plus amounts to pay the 6.5% Senior Notes that mature in December 2012 and $59.4 million paid to the 2.75% Senior Notes holders when they exercised their put rights in the first quarter of 2011. The $25.0 million borrowing restriction is lifted when the Company's total leverage ratio, as defined, reaches 3.00 to 1.00, or less. In the second quarter of 2012, the Company paid an additional $16.7 million against its term loan and the total leverage ratio for the period ending June 30, 2012 was 3.14.
Conference Call
In conjunction with this release, Willbros has scheduled a conference call, which will be broadcast live over the Internet, on Wednesday, August 8, 2012 at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time (8:00 a.m. Central).
What: Willbros Second Quarter Earnings Conference Call When: Wednesday, August 8, 2012 - 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time How: Live via phone -By dialing 480-629-9772 or 888-549-7880 a few minutes prior to the start time and asking for the Willbros' call. Or live over the Internet by logging on to the web address below. Where: http://www.willbros.com. The webcast can be accessed from the investor relations home page. ---------------------------------------------------------
For those who cannot listen to the live call, a replay will be available through August 15, 2012, and may be accessed by calling 303-590-3030 or 800-406-7325 using pass code 4558374#. Also, an archive of the webcast will be available shortly after the call on www.willbros.com for a period of 12 months.
Willbros Group, Inc. is an independent contractor serving the oil, gas, power, refining and petrochemical industries, providing engineering, construction, turnaround, maintenance, life-cycle extension services and facilities development and operations services to industry and government entities worldwide. For more information on Willbros, please visit our web site at www.willbros.com.
This announcement contains forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, which address activities, events or developments the Company expects or anticipates will or may occur in the future, are forward-looking statements. A number of risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from these statements, including the potential for additional investigations and lawsuits; disruptions to the global credit markets; the untimely filing of financial statements; the global economic downturn; fines and penalties by government agencies; new legislation or regulations detrimental to the economic operation of refining capacity in the United States; the identification of one or more other issues that require restatement of one or more prior period financial statements; contract and billing disputes; the integration and operation of InfrastruX; the consequences the Company may encounter if it is unable to make payments required of it pursuant to its settlement agreement of the West African Gas Pipeline Company Limited lawsuit; the existence of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting; availability of quality management; availability and terms of capital; changes in, or the failure to comply with, government regulations; ability to remain in compliance with, or obtain waivers under, the Company's loan agreements and indentures; the promulgation, application, and interpretation of environmental laws and regulations; future E&P capital expenditures; oil, gas, gas liquids, and power prices and demand; the amount and location of planned pipelines; poor refinery crack spreads; delay of planned refinery outages and upgrades; the effective tax rate of the different countries where the Company performs work; development trends of the oil, gas, power, refining and petrochemical industries; and changes in the political and economic environment of the countries in which the Company has operations; as well as other risk factors described from time to time in the Company's documents and reports filed with the SEC. The Company assumes no obligation to update publicly such forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law.
Michael W. Collier
Vice President Investor Relations
Connie Dever
Director Investor Relations
WILLBROS GROUP, INC. (In thousands, except per share amounts) Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, June 30, -------- -------- 2012 2011 2012 2011 ---- ---- ---- ---- Income Statement ---------------- Contract revenue ---------------- Oil & Gas $291,406 $250,947 $537,310 $417,019 Utility T&D 170,521 159,112 309,834 279,656 Canada 37,356 32,701 71,325 69,957 Eliminations (89) (86) (185) (169) 499,194 442,674 918,284 766,463 Operating expenses ------------------ Oil & Gas 291,018 252,571 536,076 427,878 Utility T&D 162,145 152,556 309,865 285,339 Canada 40,266 29,396 77,286 71,786 Changes in fair value of earn out liability - - - (6,000) Eliminations (89) (86) (185) (169) 493,340 434,437 923,042 778,834 Operating income (loss) ----------------- Oil & Gas 388 (1,624) 1,234 (10,859) Utility T&D 8,376 6,556 (31) (5,683) Canada (2,910) 3,305 (5,961) (1,829) Changes in fair value of earn out liability - - - 6,000 --- ----- Operating income (loss) 5,854 8,237 (4,758) (12,371) Other expense ------------- Interest expense, net (7,124) (10,446) (15,018) (25,246) Loss on early extinguishment of debt (1,149) (4,124) (3,405) (4,124) Other, net 24 201 (241) (20) ---- --- (8,249) (14,369) (18,664) (29,390) ------ ------- ------- ------- Loss from continuing operations before income taxes (2,395) (6,132) (23,422) (41,761) Provision (benefit) for income taxes 1,273 (13,690) 2,925 (12,158) Income (loss) from continuing operations (3,668) 7,558 (26,347) (29,603) Income (loss) from discontinued operations net of provision for income taxes 7,376 (9,708) 9,675 (17,166) Net income (loss) 3,708 (2,150) (16,672) (46,769) Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interest (328) (311) (672) (582) Net income (loss) attributable to Willbros Group, Inc. $3,380 $(2,461) $(17,344) $(47,351) Reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to Willbros Group, Inc. Income (loss) from continuing operations $(3,996) $7,247 $(27,019) $(30,185) Income (loss) from discontinued operations 7,376 (9,708) 9,675 (17,166) Net income (loss) attributable to Willbros Group, Inc. $3,380 $(2,461) $(17,344) $(47,351) Basic income (loss) per share attributable to Company shareholders: Continuing operations $(0.08) $0.15 $(0.56) $(0.64) Discontinued operations 0.15 (0.20) 0.20 (0.36) $0.07 $(0.05) $(0.36) $(1.00) ===== ====== ====== ====== Diluted income (loss) per share attributable to Company shareholders: Continuing operations $(0.08) $0.15 $(0.56) $(0.64) Discontinued operations 0.15 (0.20) 0.20 (0.36) $0.07 $(0.05) $(0.36) $(1.00) ===== ====== ====== ====== Cash Flow Data -------------- Continuing operations Cash provided by (used in) Operating activities $9,334 $73,394 $29,897 $42,917 Investing activities (1,847) 2,840 2,346 18,380 Financing activities (27,748) (48,438) (60,751) (90,302) Foreign exchange effects (236) 665 (1,706) 1,691 Discontinued operations 10,016 (4,747) 5,250 (10,784) Other Data (Continuing Operations) --------------------------------- Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 47,995 47,437 47,888 47,377 Diluted 47,995 47,776 47,888 47,377 Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations(1) $18,159 $23,242 $24,368 $16,641 Capital expenditures 4,082 4,463 7,516 6,343 Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measure -------------------------------------------- Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations (1) ---------------- Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Willbros Group, Inc. $(3,996) $7,247 $(27,019) $(30,185) Interest expense, net 7,124 10,446 15,018 25,246 Provision (benefit) for income taxes 1,273 (13,690) 2,925 (12,158) Loss on early extinguishment of debt 1,149 4,124 3,405 4,124 Changes in fair value of earn out liability - - - (6,000) Depreciation and amortization 12,995 16,184 26,100 32,664 DOJ monitor cost - 122 1,586 2,603 Stock based compensation 1,837 2,067 3,925 3,468 Restructuring and reorganization costs 34 28 136 173 Acquisition related costs - 136 - 179 (Gains) losses on sales of assets (2,585) (3,733) (2,380) (4,055) Noncontrolling interest 328 311 672 582 Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations(1) $18,159 $23,242 $24,368 $16,641 ======= ======= ======= ======= Balance Sheet Data 6/30/2012 3/31/2012 12/31/2011 ------------------ --------- --------- ---------- Cash and cash equivalents $38,481 $48,939 $58,686 Working capital 61,344 133,626 172,470 Total assets 868,801 857,644 861,771 Total debt 227,947 238,124 268,794 Stockholders' equity 216,404 211,804 231,578 Backlog Data (2) --------------- Total By Reporting Segment ------------------ Oil & Gas $716,756 $678,946 $517,597 Utility T&D 1,336,397 1,375,119 1,345,204 Canada 362,933 293,061 309,416 Total Backlog $2,416,086 $2,347,126 $2,172,217 Total Backlog By Geographic Area ----------------- United States $1,886,855 $1,872,478 $1,718,920 Canada 362,933 293,061 309,416 Middle East/North Africa 160,060 174,747 135,698 Other International 6,238 6,840 8,183 Total Backlog $2,416,086 $2,347,126 $2,172,217 12 Month Backlog $1,177,607 $980,792 $865,124 ---------------- ========== ======== ========
(1) Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is defined as income (loss) from continuing operations before interest expense, income tax expense (benefit) and depreciation and amortization, adjusted for items broadly consisting of selected items which management does not consider representative of our ongoing operations and certain non- cash items of the Company. These adjustments are included in various performance metrics under our credit facilities and other financing arrangements. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations as a supplemental performance measure for comparing normalized operating results with corresponding historical periods and with the operational performance of other companies in our industry and for presentations made to analysts, investment banks and other members of the financial community who use this information in order to make investment decisions about us. Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations is not a financial measurement recognized under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. When analyzing our operating performance, investors should use Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations in addition to, and not as an alternative for, net income, operating income, or any other performance measure derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP, or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. Because all companies do not use identical calculations, our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations may be different from similarly titled measures of other companies. (2) Backlog is anticipated contract revenue from uncompleted portions of existing contracts and contracts whose award is reasonably assured. Master Service Agreement ("MSA") backlog is estimated for the remaining term of the contract. MSA backlog is determined based on historical trends inherent in the MSAs, factoring in seasonal demand and projecting customer needs based on ongoing communications.
SOURCE Willbros Group, Inc.


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Race and gender in the labor market
In: Handbook of Labor Economics
This chapter summarizes recent research in economics that investigates differentials by race and gender in the labor market. We start with a statistical overview of the trends in labor market outcomes by race, gender and Hispanic origin, including some simple regressions on the determinants of wages and employment. This is followed in Section 3 by an extended review of current theories about discrimination in the labor market, including recent extensions of taste-based theories, theories of occupational exclusion, and theories of statistical discrimination. Section 4 discusses empirical research that provides direct evidence of discrimination in the labor market, beyond "unexplained gaps" in wage or employment regressions. The remainder of the chapter reviews the evidence on race and gender gaps, particularly wage gaps. Section 5 reviews research on the impact of pre-market human capital differences in education and family background that differ by race and gender. Section 6 reviews the impact of differences in both the levels and the returns to experience and seniority, with discussion of the role of training and labor market search and turnover on race and gender differentials. Section 7 reviews the role of job characteristics (particularly occupational characteristics) in the gender wage gap. Section 8 reviews the smaller literature on differences in fringe benefits by gender. Section 9 is an extensive discussion of the empirical work that accounts for changes in the trends in race and gender differentials over time. Of particular interest is the new research literature that investigates the impact of widening wage inequality on race and gender wage gaps. Section 10 reviews research that relates policy changes to race and gender differentials, including anti-discrimination policy. The chapter concludes with comments about a future research agenda.Download Info
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Handle: RePEc:eee:labchp:3-48
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- Joseph G. Altonji & Rebecca M. Blank, . "Race and Gender in the Labor Market," IPR working papers 98-18, Institute for Policy Resarch at Northwestern University.
- J0 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General
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- Compatibility: Z520


text:
group of 400 prominent Rabbis have called on Fox News owner Rupert Murdoch to bar Glenn Beck from making references to Nazis and the Holocaust on Beck's nightly show. In a full-page ad published in the Wall Street Journal, another Murdoch property, the clergymen ask that Beck be "sanctioned" for making "literally hundreds of on-air references to the Holocaust and Nazis." The group, Jewish Funds for Justice, took particular exception to attacks on Holocaust survivor and left-leaning billionaire George Soros. "You diminish the memory and meaning of the Holocaust when you use it to discredit any individual or organization you disagree with," they wrote. Should Murdoch reprimand Beck and issue an apology? (Watch an MSNBC discussion with some of the rabbis)
No, these liberal rabbis should shut up: This criticism isn't about the Holocaust, says Abby Wisse Schachter in the New York Post. "This is all about politics." These "religiously left-wing rabbis" just want Beck off the air because they don't like his politics — and, being "political liberals," they love George Soros, too.
"Don't listen to shameful rabbis, Mr Murdoch"
Yes, Beck is an out-of-control anti-Semite: No matter what Murdoch's henchmen might say, says Dana Millbank in The Washington Post, the signatories of this letter aren't just Beck's usual liberal critics. They include many conservative and orthodox rabbis. Beck's anti-Semitic "violent words" must be censured. Let this letter be an "omen of Beck's end times."
"Glenn Beck vs the rabbis"
The rabbis shouldn't have made this political: The rabbis are right, says Jonathan S. Tobin at Commentary, that the Shoah should not be "abused for partisan political purposes." But by focusing solely on the "idiotic" Beck and Fox News, and not the "numerous misuses of Holocaust imagery by left-wing figures," the rabbis have lost their credibility.
"The difference between Commentary and the Jewish Funds for Justice rabbis"
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In The Press
ASI has been covered by numerous respected insurance industry and financial publications. We can provide subject experts in a variety of fields in the insurance industry. Please contact ASI to speak with our media relations department.
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Valve made a documentary about competitive Dota 2 gamers One year ago, Valve revealed that it was working with J.J. Abrams on several projects, including movie adaptations of Half-Life and Portal. We... Type: News story Tags: Gaming |
13 |
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44 |
Microsoft launches OneDrive, gives away extra storage In the aftermath of a patent dispute, Microsoft announced last month that SkyDrive, its cloud storage service, would be rebranded as OneDrive. Today, the... Type: News story Tags: Storage Internet |
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Antichamber, Monaco populate Humble Indie Bundle 11 The latest Humble Bundle is live, and it's a doozy. This time around, the pay-what-you-want collection is loaded with another selection of indie games.... Type: News story Tags: Gaming |
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11 |
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A collection of news and information related to Rush University published by this site and its partners.
Top Rush University Articles
Displaying items 23-33
Protein linked to Parkinson's found in patients before onset of symptoms
UPDATE: Northern Wisconsin authorities continue search for body of Highland Park man whose canoe capsized on Lake Michigan
Story | Oct 19, 2011 | 4:35 PMPolice in northern Wisconsin this week continued to look for missing Highland Park resident Mayur Patel, who disappeared after his canoe capsized on Lake Michigan …... -
Nursing Professor Receives Fellowship
Story | Jan 5, 2011 | 4:33 PMElmhurst College Associate Nursing Professor Mary Teresa Johnson has been awarded a $10,000 fellowship by the Illinois Board of Higher Education as part of an …... -
Hospitals help D220 on health issues
Story | Jan 3, 2011 | 4:33 PMIn an effort to further initiatives on youth depression, Barrington School District 220 officials are exploring a partnership with two Chicago hospitals to evaluate how …... -
Knee pain? Try wearing flip-flops, study suggests
Story | Mar 24, 2010 | 4:32 PMPoor flip-flops. Popular though they are, they've been targets for criticisms of many types -- for their lack of arch support, for their potential tripping hazard, for their inability to protect foot skin from the sun and thus their theoretical...... -
When to consider a geriatrician
1738 W. Summerdale Avenue, Chicago, IL 60640
Annual Back to School Health Fair Organized by Rush University
Story | Jul 14, 2010 | 9:14 AMAugust 7--Free immunizations and physicals will be available at the sixth annual RU Caring Back-to-School Health Fair to be held from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. at Fosco Park, 1312 South Racine, Chicago. Registration ends at 12:45 p.m. The event is hosted by RU... -
Surgery simulators give residents a hand in building skills
The new school year
Story | Jul 21, 2011The old fall/spring semester schedule is a thing of the past at many colleges and universities, particularly those that cater to adult learners and graduate students. Some schools have as many as six terms per year, with a full catalog of courses... -
Sleep & Social Media


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Article XII, Alabama Constitution
Alabama Constitution |
Preamble |
Articles |
Amendments |
- 1 Municipal Corporations
- 2 Private Corporations
- 2.1 Section 229
- 2.2 Section 230
- 2.3 Section 231
- 2.4 Section 232
- 2.5 Amendments
- 2.6 Section 233
- 2.7 Section 234
- 2.8 Section 235
- 2.9 Section 236
- 2.10 Section 237
- 2.11 Section 238
- 2.12 Section 239
- 2.13 Amendments
- 2.14 Section 240
- 2.15 Amendments
- 2.16 Section 241
- 2.17 Section 242
- 2.18 Section 243
- 2.19 Section 244
- 2.20 Section 245
- 2.21 Section 246
- 3 External links
Municipal Corporations
Section 220
Text of Section 220:
Consent of Municipal Corporation Prerequisite to Use of Public Property for Public Utility or Private Enterprise Purposes No person, firm, association, or corporation shall be authorized or permitted to use the streets, avenues, alleys, or public places of any city, town, or village for the construction or operation of any public utility or private enterprise, without first obtaining the consent of the proper authorities of such city, town, or village. |
Section 221
Text of Section 221:
Payment of State License Tax, Etc., Not to Excuse Payment of Other Privilege and License Taxes The legislature shall not enact any law which will permit any person, firm, corporation, or association to pay a privilege, license, or other tax to the State of Alabama, and relieve him or it from the payment of all other privilege and license taxes in the state. |
Section 222
Text of Section 222:
Issuance of Bonds by Counties, Municipal Corporations, Districts and Other Political Subdivisions of Counties The legislature, after the ratification of this Constitution, shall have authority to pass general laws authorizing the counties, cities, towns, villages, districts, or other political subdivisions of counties to issue bonds, but no bonds shall be issued under authority of a general law unless such issue of bonds be first authorized by a majority vote by ballot of the qualified voters of such county, city, town, village, district, or other political subdivision of a county, voting upon such proposition. The ballot used at such election shall contain the words: "For …bond issue," and "Against … bond issue" (the character of the bond to be shown in the blank space), and the voter shall indicate his choice by placing a cross mark before or after the one or the other. This section shall not apply to the renewal, refunding, or reissue of bonds lawfully issued, nor to the issuance of bonds in cases where the same have been authorized by laws enacted prior to the ratification of this Constitution, nor shall this section apply to obligations incurred or bonds to be issued to procure means to pay for street and sidewalk improvements or sanitary or storm water sewers, the cost of which is to be assessed, in whole or in part, against the property abutting said improvements or drained by such sanitary or storm water sewers. |
Section 223
Text of Section 223:
Limitation on Assessments for Public Improvements by Municipal Corporations No city, town, or other municipality shall make any assessment for the cost of sidewalks or street paving, or for the cost of the construction of any sewers against property abutting on such street or sidewalk so paved, or drained by such sewers, in excess of the increased value of such property by reason of the special benefits derived from such improvements. |
Section 224
Text of Section 224:
Limitation on County Indebtedness No county shall become indebted in an amount including present indebtedness, greater than three and one-half per centum of the assessed value of the property therein; provided, this limitation shall not affect any existing indebtedness in excess of such three and one-half per centum, which has already been created or authorized by existing law to be created; provided, that any county which has already incurred a debt exceeding three and one-half per centum of the assessed value of the property therein, shall be authorized to incur an indebtedness of one and a half per centum of the assessed value of such property in addition to the debt already existing. Nothing herein contained shall prevent any county from issuing bonds, or other obligations, to fund or refund any indebtedness now existing or authorized by existing laws to be created. |
Section 225
Text of Section 225:
Indebtedness of Municipal Corporations Limitation; Exception as to Sheffield and Tuscumbia No city, town, or other municipal corporation having a population of less than six thousand, except as hereafter provided, shall become indebted in an amount including present indebtedness, exceeding five per centum of the assessed value of the property therein, except for the construction of or purchase of water works, gas, or electric lighting plants, or sewerage, or for the improvement of streets, for which purposes an additional indebtedness not exceeding three per centum may be created; provided, this limitation shall not affect any debt now authorized by law to be created, nor any temporary loans to be paid within one year, made in anticipation of the collection of taxes, not exceeding one-fourth of the annual revenues of such city or town. All towns and cities having a population of six thousand or more, also Gadsden, Ensley, Decatur, and New Decatur, are hereby authorized to become indebted in an amount including present indebtedness, not exceeding seven per centum of the assessed valuation of the property therein, provided that there shall not be included in the limitation of the indebtedness of such last described cities and towns the following classes of indebtedness, to wit: Temporary loans, to be paid within one year, made in anticipation of the collection of taxes, and not exceeding one-fourth of the general revenues, bonds, or other obligations already issued, or which may hereafter be issued for the purpose of acquiring, providing, or constructing school houses, water works, and sewers; and obligations incurred and bonds issued for street or sidewalk improvements, where the cost of the same, in whole or in part, is to be assessed against the property abutting said improvements; provided, that the proceeds of all obligations issued as herein provided, in excess of said seven per centum shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which said obligations were issued. Nothing contained in this article shall prevent the funding or refunding of existing indebtedness. This section shall not apply to the cities of Sheffield and Tuscumbia. |
- Amended by: Amendment 126, Alabama Constitution
- Amended by: Amendment 268, Alabama Constitution
Section 226
Text of Section 226:
Same Municipal Corporations Whose Present Indebtedness Exceeds Constitutional Limitation; Exception as to Sheffield and Tuscumbia No city, town, or village, whose present indebtedness exceeds the limitation imposed by this Constitution, shall be allowed to become indebted in any further amount, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, until such indebtedness shall be reduced within such limit; provided, however, that nothing herein contained shall prevent any municipality, except the city of Gadsden, from issuing bonds already authorized by law; provided, further, that this section shall not apply to the cities of Sheffield and Tuscumbia. |
Section 227
Text of Section 227:
Liability of Public Utilities in Municipal Corporations for Damages to Abutting Property Owners Any person, firm, association, or corporation, who may construct or operate any public utility along or across the public streets of any city, town, or village, under any privilege or franchise permitting such construction or operation, shall be liable to abutting proprietors for the actual damage done to the abutting property on account of such construction or operation. |
Section 228
Text of Section 228:
Maximum Term of Public Utility Franchises in Cities and Towns Having Population of Six Thousand or More. No city or town having a population of more than six thousand shall have authority to grant to any person, firm, corporation, or association the right to use its streets, avenues, alleys, or public places for the construction or operation of water works, gas works, telephone or telegraph line, electric light or power plants, steam or other heating plants, street railroads, or any other public utility, except railroads other than street railroads, for a longer period than thirty years. |
Private Corporations
Section 229
Text of Section 229:
Special Laws Conferring Corporate Powers Prohibited; General Law as to Grant or Amendment of Corporate Charters; Corporation Franchise Taxes to Be Paid; Exemption of Benevolent, Educational or Religious Corporations from Franchise Taxes The legislature shall pass no special act conferring corporate powers, but it shall pass general laws under which corporations may be organized and corporate powers obtained, subject, nevertheless, to repeal at the will of the legislature; and shall pass general laws under which charters may be altered or amended. The legislature shall, by general law, provide for the payment to the State of Alabama of a franchise tax by corporations organized under the laws of this state, which shall be in proportion to the amount of capital stock; but strictly benevolent, educational, or religious corporations shall not be required to pay such a tax. The charter of any corporation shall be subject to amendment, alteration, or repeal under general laws. |
- Amended by: Amendment 27, Alabama Constitution
- Amended by: Amendment 872, Alabama Constitution
Section 230
Text of Section 230:
Cancellation of Certain Corporate Charters All existing charters, under which a bona fide organization shall not have taken place and business commenced in good faith within twelve months from the time of the ratification of this Constitution, shall thereafter have no validity. |
Amendment 230 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 231
Text of Section 231:
Limitation on Remitting Forfeiture of Corporate Charters The legislature shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing or alter or amend the same, nor pass any general or special law for the benefit of such corporation, other than in execution of a trust created by law or by contract, except upon condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution. |
Amendment 231 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 232
Text of Section 232:
Foreign Corporations Doing Business in State No foreign corporation shall do any business in this state without having at least one known place of business and an authorized agent or agents therein, and without filing with the secretary of state a certified copy of its articles of incorporation or association. Such corporation may be sued in any county where it does business, by service of process upon an agent anywhere in the state. The legislature shall, by general law, provide for the payment to the state of Alabama of a franchise tax by such corporation, but such franchise tax shall be based on the actual amount of capital employed in this state. Strictly benevolent, educational, or religious corporations shall not be required to pay such a tax. |
Amendment 232 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
- Amended by: Amendment 473, Alabama Constitution
Section 233
Text of Section 233:
Corporations Restricted to Business Authorized by Charter No corporation shall engage in any business other than that expressly authorized in its charter or articles of incorporation. |
Amendment 233 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 234
Text of Section 234:
Restrictions on Issuance of Corporate Stock and Bonds No corporation shall issue stocks or bonds except for money, labor done, or property actually received; and all fictitious increase of stock or indebtedness shall be void. The stock and bonded indebtedness of corporations shall not be increased except in pursuance of general laws, nor without the consent of the persons holding the larger amount in value of stock, first obtained at a meeting to be held after thirty days' notice, given in pursuance of law. |
Amendment 234 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 235
Text of Section 235:
Taking of Property for Public Use by Municipal and Other Corporations Municipal and other corporations and individuals invested with the privilege of taking property for public use, shall make just compensation, to be ascertained as may be provided by law, for the property taken, injured, or destroyed by the construction or enlargement of its works, highways, or improvements, which compensation shall be paid before such taking, injury, or destruction. The legislature is hereby prohibited from denying the right of appeal from any preliminary assessment of damages against any such corporations or individuals made by viewers or otherwise, but such appeal shall not deprive those who have obtained the judgment of condemnation from a right of entry, provided the amount of damages assessed shall have been paid into court in money, and a bond shall have been given in not less than double the amount of the damages assessed, with good and sufficient sureties, to pay such damages as the property owner may sustain; and the amount of damages in all cases of appeals shall on demand of either party, be determined by a jury according to law. |
Section 236
Text of Section 236:
Security for Dues from Private Corporations; Liability of Stockholders Dues from private corporations shall be secured by such means as may be prescribed by law; but in no case shall any stockholder be individually liable otherwise than for the unpaid stock owned by him or her. |
Amendment 236 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 237
Text of Section 237:
Issuance of preferred stock by corporations No corporation shall issue preferred stock without the consent of the owners of two-thirds of the stock of said corporation. |
Amendment 237 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 238
Text of Section 238:
Authority of Legislature to Revoke Charters of Incorporation The legislature shall have the power to alter, amend, or revoke any charter of incorporation now existing and revocable at the ratification of this Constitution, or any that may be hereafter created, whenever, in its opinion, such charter may be injurious to the citizens of this state, in such manner, however, that no injustice shall be done to the stockholders. |
Section 239
Text of Section 239:
Telegraph and Telephone Companies Any association or corporation organized for the purpose, or any individual, shall have the right to construct and maintain lines of telegraph and telephone within this state, and connect the same with other lines; and the legislature shall, by general law of uniform operation, provide reasonable regulations to give full effect to this section. No telegraph or telephone company shall consolidate with or hold a controlling interest in the stock or bonds of any other telegraph or telephone company owning a complete line, or acquire, by purchase or otherwise, any other competing line of telegraph or telephone. |
- Amended by: Amendment 872, Alabama Constitution
Section 240
Text of Section 240:
Corporations May Sue and Be Sued Like Natural Persons All corporations shall have the right to sue, and shall be subject to be sued, in all courts in like cases as natural persons. |
- Amended by: Amendment 872, Alabama Constitution
Section 241
Text of Section 241:
"Corporation" Defined The term "corporation," as used in this article shall be construed to include all joint stock companies, and all associations having any of the powers or privileges of corporations, not possessed by individuals or partnerships. |
Section 242
Text of Section 242:
When Railroads and Canals Deemed Public Highways; Railroad and Canal Companies; Common Carriers; Rights of Railroad Companies Generally All railroads and canals not constructed and used exclusively for private purposes, shall be public highways, and all railroad and canal companies shall be common carriers. Any association or corporation organized for the purpose shall have the right to construct and operate a railway between any points in this state, and connect at the state line, with railroads of other states. Every railroad company shall have the right with its road to intersect, connect with, or cross any other railroad, and each shall receive and transport the freight, passengers, and cars, loaded or empty, of the others, without delay or discrimination. |
Section 243
Text of Section 243:
Regulation of Railroad Companies Vested in Legislature The power and authority of regulating railroad freight and passenger tariffs, the locating and building of passenger and freight depots, correcting abuses, preventing unjust discrimination and extortion and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs, are hereby conferred upon the legislature, whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time regulating freight and passenger tariffs, to prohibit unjust discrimination on the various railroads, canals, and rivers of the state, and to prohibit the charging of other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties. |
Amendment 243 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 244
Text of Section 244:
Giving Free Passes or Discount Tickets to Members of Legislature or Officers Exercising Judicial Functions No railroad or other transportation company or corporation shall grant free passes or sell tickets or passes at a discount, other than as sold to the public generally, to any member of the legislature or to any officer exercising judicial functions under the laws of this state; and any such member or officer receiving such a pass or ticket for himself, or procuring the same for another, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, shall be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars, and at the discretion of the court trying the case, in addition to such fine, may be imprisoned for a term not exceeding six months, and upon conviction, shall be subject to impeachment and removal from office. The courts having jurisdiction shall give this law specially in charge to the grand juries, and when the evidence is sufficient to authorize an indictment, the grand jury must present a true bill. The circuit court or any other court of like jurisdiction in any county into or through which such member or officer is transported by the use of such prohibited pass or ticket, shall have jurisdiction of the case, provided only one prosecution shall be had for the same offense; and, provided further, that the trial and judgment for one offense shall not bar a prosecution for another offense when the same pass or ticket is used; and, provided further, that nothing herein shall prevent a member of the legislature who is a bona fide employe of a railroad or other transportation company or corporation at the time of his election, from accepting or procuring for himself or another, not a member of the legislature, or officer exercising judicial functions, a free pass over the railroads or other transportation company or corporation by which he is employed. |
Amendment 244 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 245
Text of Section 245:
Railroad Companies Not to Give Rebates or Bonuses in Nature Thereof; Deceiving or Misleading Public as to Rates No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate, or a bonus in the nature thereof, directly or indirectly, or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage; and any such payments shall be illegal and void, and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties. |
Amendment 245 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
Section 246
Text of Section 246:
Acceptance of Article Prerequisite to Benefits of Future Legislation No railroad, canal, or transportation company in existence at the time of the ratification of this Constitution, shall have the benefit of any future legislation by general or special laws other than in execution of a trust created by law or by contract, except on the condition of complete acceptance of all the provisions of this article. |
Amendment 246 of the Alabama Constitution was repealed by Amendment 872.
External links


text:
Tue, May 01, 2012
A series of Space Act Agreements (SAA) has been signed by Sierra Nevada Corporation with NASA's Johnson Space Center dating back to May 2011 to assist in both the technical development of, and operations support for, the Dream Chaser Space System. SNC has received funding awards from NASA in both rounds of the Commercial Crew Development Program and has chosen to re-invest capital back into the space agency through SAAs with individual Centers, including Houston's Johnson Space Center, to leverage NASA's experience and expertise in human spaceflight.
"As the Dream Chaser Program develops a vehicle to backfill the capabilities of the Space Shuttle, it will not be without a significant contribution from the experts at Johnson Space Center," explained Mark Sirangelo, Corporate Vice President of SNC's Space Systems.
Several SNC executives will visit the Houston area to participate in the Rotary National Award for Space Achievement (RNASA), where Sirangelo will be the keynote speaker for the prestigious event. "We are investing in Houston. In 2011, SNC opened its Houston office and continues to create dynamic partnerships with the area's diverse aerospace industry, including the expansion of our investment in the Johnson Space Center," said Sirangelo. (Artists' rendering courtesy SNC)
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