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In the South of France Near the Sea Surrounded by Vineyards
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- Minimum stay:Contact owner
- Internet:Yes
- Pets considered:No
- Wheel chair accessible:No
Aude house description
Armissan is a wine growing village 15 minutes from the Mediterranean Sea, about an hour from Montpellier, 30 minutes from the medieval city of Carcassonne and less than three hours from Barcelona, Spain. The near-by city of Narbonne is on the Canal de la Robine and has regular train service to Paris, Avignon, Barcelona and other cities throughout the region.
Your residence was an old stone barn. The ground level is a large garage with plenty of indoor parking. The upstairs living quarters offer a spacious great room with a huge fireplace and a dining area, a compact kitchen with all you need, four bedrooms (one completely recreated with a new in-suite bathroom and French doors to the large terrace), and two of which are lofts, one which opens to the private upper terrace, a full bath plus a separate water closet and a new tiled shower/sink, new dishwasher, and a laundry room with washer/dryer/ironing board on the mezzanine level. Two terraces overlook the vineyards and foothills in the distance. (There is no phone but there is wi-fi access throughout the house as well as good cell phone coverage.)
The house is a few steps away from the town center of Armissan with its ancient church. The butcher and the baker are just out the front gate. Narbonne is 15 minutes away with an historic Gothic cathedral, a Roman road, excellent shops and one of the best markets in France (open every day of the year from 7 until just after noon) featuring fresh seafood, meats, cheese and produce. There are many fine restaurants in Narbonne and within easy driving distance from Armissan.
Accommodations consist of four French (that is, small double beds), one each in the bedroom by the main bath, the new bedroom off the main terrace and in the loft bedrooms one of which also has two twin beds. The house is not handicapped accessible because of stairs to the living quarters and stairs to the sleeping lofts. It's not fancy but we think it's wonderful!
We placed the house in charity auctions for about ten years and had numerous repeat visitors. One family will return this year for the second time, another for their third! You can stay busy every day visiting historical points of interest or relax in the serenity of the village. Some of the best vineyards in the Languedoc are minutes away. Life at 18 rue du Terrain des Sports is not like life in a French village. It IS life in a French village!
Keywords: Mediterranean, wine, Narbonne, Languedoc, Languedoc-Roussillon, Carcassonne, le Clape, south of France, Gruisson, village
Property Type
- House
Accommodation Type
- Vacation Rental
- Guests Provide Their Own Meals
- Pets Not Allowed
Bedrooms: 4 Bedrooms, Sleeps 10
Bathrooms: 3 Bathrooms
Other Amenities
- DVD Player
- CD Player
- Romantic
- Family
- Away From It All
- Historic
- Tourist Attractions
- Necessary
- Nude Beach
- Cinemas
- Festivals
- Theme Parks
- Zoo
- Museums
- Restaurants
Leisure Activities
- Boating
- Wildlife Viewing
- Antiquing
- Horseback Riding
- Sight Seeing
- Shopping
Location Type
- Village
sports and adventure activities
- Hiking
- Mountain Biking
- Fishing
- Tennis
- Mountain Climbing
- Sailing
- Rock Climbing
- Skiing
- Cycling
- Swimming
catering options
- Guests Provide Their Own Meals
- Dining Area
- Child's Highchair
- Fireplace
- Heating
- Towels Provided
- Iron & Board
- Covered Parking
Write a review-
- Guest Barcafan (US)
- Date of stay 06/05/13
- Review Submitted 07/02/13
We had an absolutely great time at Armissan. The location is fantastic, close to the beach, mountains, several scenic villages, roman ruins, and cities like Carcassonne, Montpellier, and Nimes are within driving distance. We used the place as a base and ventured to different areas each day. The house was clean and well maintained. As the listing photos show, the house is comfortable with great views of vineyards. I would highly recommend it. We will be back.Recommended for: Romantic getaway, sightseeing, families with teenagers, families with young children.
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Wonderful Luck
Wonderful Luck
- Guest Lee (Crested Butte CO)
- Date of stay 03/29/13
- Review Submitted 05/17/13
With hundreds of French gites available for perusal on the internet, we were fortunate to stumble onto (well, not literally) Armissan and Chez Paul. We were looking for an authentic French experience in a quiet, charming, but not remote village. We wanted to shop, cook in, explore, and get to know, in depth, an area in the south of France. That is exactly what we did. We were the first guests to enjoy the luxurious, brand-new master bedroom suite. We lunched and sunned on the terrace, and on cool evenings we built fires in the big stone fireplace, and read and knitted (well one of us did) and kept up with family via Face Time on the iPad. We loved the authenticity of an old stone barn now in its incarnation as an inviting, well-maintained vacation home. We hiked, biked, walked along the beaches, visited historical fortifications, beautiful villages, and enjoyed wine tasting and food shopping at Les Halles, Carrefour (the biggest and best supermarket we'd ever seen) and at local shops in the village. Our three week stay was over entirely too quickly. The whole experience was, quite simply, the best.Recommended for: Romantic getaway, girls getaway, sightseeing, age 55+, pet owners, families with teenagers, families with young children.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/1
Perfect home in a perfect location
Perfect home in a perfect location
- Guest AJ (Nashville)
- Date of stay 04/28/12
- Review Submitted 06/10/12
This was our first time ever in Europe and we couldn't have picked a better place. The home is charming, clean, amazingly quiet and outfitted with every amenity you would need. The quaint village of Armissan has just 600 residents, and is perfectly located for making day trips to some of the most beautiful and historic locations in the Languedoc region of France. Places we visited were La Cite, Roquebrun, Olargues, Sete (Vieux Port), Pezenas, Beziers, Gorges d'Heric, Collioure, Narbonne, Gruissan and St. Guilhem-le-Desert. Every town was more charming than the one before it, each being a different and unique experience. All of these locations were within and hour and 1/2 of Chez Paul and easily found with a GPS and a map (recommend Institut Geographique National #R 17). Many wonderful restaurants in the area for leisurely lunches and romantic dinners. And it was comforting to then come back to a home-Chez Paul- for the end of the evening and a perfect night's rest. We highly recommend it!!!Recommended for: Romantic getaway, sightseeing, adventure seekers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/1
An Excellent base for Day-trips in Southern France
An Excellent base for Day-trips in Southern France
- Guest Dee (Lewisburg, Ohio, USA)
- Date of stay 10/08/11
- Review Submitted 10/27/11
I agree with the previous reviews about the accomodations of the villa known as Chez Paul and the beauty and friendliness of the village of Armissan. For the members of our group, this was an excellent base to see, to learn about and to photograph many sites of this area in our week's stay. We went to the Musee de la Prehistoire in Tautavel to see the displays about the skull believed to be 450,000 years old and to the Caune de l'Arago and Gorges des Gouleyrous; Pont du Gard and Les Arenes in Nimes; Narbonne-Plage for sunrise and sunset on the beach; Gruissan; Abbaye de Fontfroide for its tour and for the hiking trail; Carcassonne; Abbaye de Saint Hilaire for its history and nearby samples of Blanquette de Limoux which is a sparking white wine that predates champagne; and Chateau de Peyrepertuse. Before you go, get Lonely Planet's Languedoc-Roussillon (ISBN 9781741792805) and Michelin Map 526 Languedoc-Roussillon (ISBN 9782067135345), and start planning an adventure for whatever your interests are. Our stay was the second week in October and we had some wind, pleasant temperatures, mostly sunny skies, and uncrowded tourist sites.Recommended for: Romantic getaway, girls getaway, sightseeing, age 55+, families with teenagers, adventure seekers, families with young children.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/1
The Best Home Away from Home
The Best Home Away from Home
- Guest Heather (Missoula, MT USA)
- Date of stay 05/28/04
- Review Submitted 03/25/11
My husband and I first stayed at this property (which we refer to as 'The Villa') in June of 2004. Our experience was so amazing, that we've been back 2 other times and have another visit scheduled for fall 2011. Armissan is simply a wonderful little village and the Villa itself is an incredible home, with all the necessary amenities to make our stay pleasant and convenient (i.e., cooking our own meals, doing laundry, etc.) It's very quiet, peaceful, and the people in Armissan are very friendly. Some other great features are: * The Mediterranean is just about 10 minutes away (Narbonne Plage) * A larger city (Narbonne) is about 20 minutes away and offers great history, shops, and people watching. * Views of vineyards from the villa * A bakery in Armissan, as well as the winery * The Languedoc-Roussilon region offers many awesome opportunities for several day trips, and the villa is a great "home base". Simply put, the Villa and Armissan is a slice of heaven and I believe that if you go, you'll feel exactly the same way!Recommended for: Romantic getaway, girls getaway, sightseeing, age 55+, families with teenagers, adventure seekers, families with young children.
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Heaven on Earth
Heaven on Earth
- Guest TNBarbara (Nashville)
- Date of stay 08/05/09
- Review Submitted 01/03/11
The pictures are beautiful, but don't do it justice. The proximity to beautiful hiking and wonderful and picturesque villages is spectacular.Recommended for: Romantic getaway, girls getaway, sightseeing, age 55+, families with teenagers.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 1/1
Why Just VISIT? - LIVE!! Be French for a Week in this Charming Authentic French Country Home!
Why Just VISIT? - LIVE!! Be French for a Week in this Charming Authentic French Country Home!
- Guest Bev & Robin (Seattle, Washington, USA)
- Date of stay 09/04/10
- Review Submitted 12/30/10
A week here, nestled in quaint, scenic, romantic Armissan will make you forget the 21st century is going on elsewhere! A short stroll brings one to both baker and butcher (I don't eat meat, but stumbled in by accident one morning, sleepy, seeking coffee, and came out with the most delectible chevre and sun dried tomato tart!) Ancient stone homes with tile roofs and terraced upper storeys, each prettier than the last. Vineyards surround the village and invite leisurely strolls. In the traditional style, this home, hundreds of years old, I am told, but you'd never guess, begins above the lofty ground level space which now houses your car. But in days past it served the vineyard and the farm with wagons and barrels and probably an animal or two. Entering from the street, passing through a lovely courtyard garden and up a few steps to the front door, one senses privilege and security, and that delicious quiet repose is just up above, And so it is! The heart of the home, on a single open level, is clearly lived in and loved for centuries with its native limestone hearth, hand hewn beams in warm rich browns smooth with deep patina. Today we would call this a 'great room,' but I prefer to think of it as a French farmhouse in the village. Built on 3 levels to save precious ground for the grapes, village families nestled together sharing their lives. the living areas spill out onto a traditional French terrace, a spacious upstairs patio perfect for private outdoor living, dining, sunbathing (even sleeping, why not?) amid stunning views of the rolling hillsides and vineyards all around. We especially enjoyed exploring the house which turned out quite a bit larger than expected! With a couple of very private bedrooms, far separated and each with a bath nearby, it was difficult to decide just where to settle down! Additional sleeping spaces tucked up above the salon have even lovelier views and unique cozy charms all their own. If you don't choose to sleep there, you must at least go up early in your visit with a good book or a glass of local red. We declared the smaller rooftop terrace even more wonderful than the other - then had to divide our leisure time between the two so as not to miss out on the charms of either one! All nearby: Narbonne, dramatic, sophisticated, with chic boutiques. Day trips to Carcasonne, the Pyrenees, Barcelona. The sea only minutes away by car. All too good to miss! And yes! We managed without a word of French!Recommended for: Romantic getaway, girls getaway, sightseeing, age 55+, families with teenagers, adventure seekers.
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A perfect Mediterranean getaway
A perfect Mediterranean getaway
- Guest Tom (Nashville, TN)
- Date of stay 03/16/09
- Review Submitted 12/30/10
Armissan could not be more charming, and Paul's home is perfectly located near its center. Vineyards surround the property, the morning's fresh baked breads are just a stroll away, the Languedoc's finest wineries and restaurants are within 10 minutes, and the Mediterranean is just a spectacular drive over La Clape. We loved the nearby town of Narbonne and the unique character and culture of the Languedoc. Eight of us comfortably shared the home for a week, and loved it! Can't wait to return!!!Recommended for: Romantic getaway, sightseeing, families with young children.
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- Guest Frances (London, UK)
- Date of stay 04/11/08
- Review Submitted 12/30/10
My husband and I have now visited this place twice and are completely in love. It is quite rustic and picturesque. Such a great escape from the rush of normal life. We always look forward to our next visit. The patio is so amazing, and the views of the vineyards are to die for. A quick 15 minutes from the beach, but we were quite happy to stay at home and relax. Highly recommended for a real taste of the south of France.Did you find this review helpful? Yes | No Helpful votes: 0/0
Escape to Southern France
Escape to Southern France
- Guest Tom P (Nashville, Tn. USA)
- Date of stay 09/08/05
- Review Submitted 12/30/10
If you want the ultimate French country experince - this is it. Quaint village, large comfortable accomadations. Great escape from the usual fast paced world. Would do it again in a heartbeat! Description is accurate, Have recommended it to many friends. All want to go backRecommended for: Romantic getaway, girls getaway, age 55+, adventure seekers.
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Currency Conversion$1000-$1800/wk US DollarsUS Dollars; Weekly rates vary from $1200 in winter months to $1800 in spring,; summer and fall.; ; ; ; ; ;Dates Available: Year round
Note: Until confirmed, rates are subject to change without notice.
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Owner info
Year Purchased: 2000
About the owner: My family and I love France. My son attended the American University of Paris and my daughter participated in a student exchange program in Paris. She and her husband spent their honeymoon in Armissan and we look forward to visiting this special place every year.
Why the Owner Chose Aude:
Armissan is in the sunniest region of France, near the Mediterranean and in the heart of Cathar country. You can stay busy every day visiting historical sites and fine restaurants or simply relax in an extraordinarily peaceful setting. The village feels remote but is less than 5-10 minutes from the A9 toll road which runs from Spain on the west to Italy on the east.
Contact us
- Primary: 615-294-6187
Links to more information:
- CLICK HERE - You Tube Video
- Click Here to see All My Rental Listings
Armissan from the surrounding hills
Entrance to the ground level parking
Fireplace in the great room
The kitchen with window overlooking the village
Hallway to new bedroom. Closets on left; separate WC, 2-sink bath/shower.
Winter view of French doors to terrace from en-suite master bedroom.
Full bath; there is also a separate WC, separate shower/sink (plus en-suite).
Another view from the upper terrace
Fun on the nearby Mediterranean beach!
View from the lower terrace
Entrance gate to the house
The great room leading to the terrace.
Enjoying the evening. Large,wood burning fireplace
View from the kitchen window
Renovated bedroom (2013) next to full bath.
New bedroom. French doors to terrace on right. PrivateWC/shower steps away.
View from the upper terrace
A street scene in Armissan
Shopping in the wonderful Narbonne market
Three services to protect your trip:
Protect your payments in case you need to cancel.
Guarantee the rental meets your expectations.
Ensure you're prepared in case of accidental damage.


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Overview of Services
Within the limits of our resources, the Center provides the following legal assistance on a reduced or no fee basis for financially eligible Suffolk County residents:
Social Security Disability representation for disabled clients whose claims are at the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) stage of appeal
Estate planning and probate, guardianship, debt counseling, and private insurance cases for low- and middle-income individuals
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Divorce, Domestic Violence, Paternity, Child & Spousal Support, Adoption, Guardianship, Guardian ad Litem court appointments, English and Spanish Pro Se Divorce Clinics
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Home | About LSC | Student Life | Clinics | People of LSC | Need Legal Help? | Necesita Asistencia Legal? Harvard Law School | HLS Search | Clinical Programs
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subset: commoncrawl


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Found me a home. My dad has just tried to kill my mom and they found us a home. Then gave us furniture and household essentials. Other people brought us food for a while and one lady brought a ton of toys because we had no money fro Christmas and my mom had 3 young girls
No surprise here. Did your dad try to kill your mom because you troll on other people's pages?
I don't troll. ? And how on earth can u joke about something like that. He was on drugs and went completely insane. He attacked my mother and the swat team couldn't find him. He dissapeared.
Silly man. Hopefully he'll come back to finish raising you right.
Once, in the rain at night, I was driving with a small son, and had a flat tire. I was alone, pulled over, no cell reception. It was not a well-traveled road, but a stranger pulled up, out of nowhere. He changed the tire for me in suit, getting entirely soaked, having us wait inside his car. I tried to thank him, and he wouldn't have it. He told me to spread the gratitude onto people that needed it more, gave my tired, grumpy son a sweet, and then drove away. I'll never forget that, after probably 15 years.
Felt like an angel!
I did not murder anyone.
That's my plan. :D
Two years ago while my husband, 1yo twins and I were out to eat, another family paid for our dinner. It touched us so greatly that now we do the same thing for another family every New Years.
helping a old lady after she had a heart atack on the pathway i called 000 and she is alive now and i do comunity work were she lives and she never stops say thank you:)
I used to give money to the homeless, but a cop I know talked me out of it.
But I still do it during the holidays, and did so twice today.
I gave a poor stranger my fruit cake......................
Thats terrible xD
One Christmas Eve I saw a 5 year old boy standing outside of the store I was working in; it was sleeting, snowing, and cold; so I brought him inside the store and gave him some Life Savers. I got his name and found he had wandered out of the store where his Mom and Dad where shopping, but he couldn't remember which one. He did know his Dad's cell phone number; so I called the number and when his Dad answered I told that I had found his son crying outside my store. He told me where he was, and that he was coming to get him right now. I met he and his wife half way. When he tried to give money; I told him that just seeing him reunited with his family was all I needed and that that he should do something nice for someone in need.
Smiling back at one another
Why when they are fake?
I am real and have everything real . or that could be my way of thinking So I see the glass half full and not half empty as some would say.
Not a goddamned thing. Those are the facts and they are for most of us.
My neighbor overheard a fight I had w hubby about needing money for an Xmas tree- later that day my neighbor came over and said I could cut down one of her trees if i liked- It is my most memorable tree because it was given in kindness and decorated with things we all made- no lights because we couldn't afford them but the aluminum foil star shone brighter and prettier than any we could have bought.
My friend's husband cheated on her and then left her broke and homeless with a young child a few years ago. It has been a difficult struggle but she is very proud and has never asked for money even though she knows I wouldn't hesitate. A month ago I went to her apt to meet up with her and her son and there was an eviction notice on the door. She was behind over $1000.00 in rent money. I called my husband and he contacted the landlord and we paid her up to date and the next month in advance under the condition that he would never tell her who paid. I put the notice in my purse and never said a word.
That is beautiful thing you did
I have twin boys and one year I didn't have much money around christmas or even enough money to buy my children christmas presents. We left our home and went to a friends house and while we were gone someone got into my house and did me a great big favor, when I got back around our Christmas tree was full of presents for my little boys, and no one ever told me who did it. Anyway we had a wonderful Christmas that year and I have thought about that every Christmas since. Some people really do have kind hearts, and what was strange was I hadn't told anyone the financial difficulty I was going through at the time. I guess you could say that year I really had a secret Santa that helped me to give them a very good Christmas!!!
its a secret.......
try to always keep these sortsa things...
just between me n God....
joyinthejourney, clg
i give a slap to a homeless man and give him a home....oh...slap? because he think no one want to help him and he lke to say..''i want to die'' just that..^^
lol I can't do anything for people here everyones so stubborn I hate this village-y town it's so boring and rude I wish we could move but no and I helped people on this website and now I'm trying to help myself so I can try to help others:D You should help yourself then people around you (who need it not just greedy people who already have things) bastards:( I have things but I also don't have things. lol like idk I don't know (no one knows what they want) I kind of know but it's not really what I want. Or yes it is lol I want to help people but the greedy is I want a big house to live in but again I'd build houses near mine and give poor free houses and they can design them. I don't care if anyone wants to do this don't even credit me I need to just do it I shouldn't be so whatever so damn greedy and I just don't know to do to help I want to but what:(
My son was 2 and we were in the subway walking to our next train. He saw a woman without a coat and sleeping in a dirty corner. He walked over and asked if she wanted his new blanket and some candy. I offered her the only bill I had in my bag. She was so happy that she gave him a small heart charm that we still have today.
i was digging clothes out of clothing recycle bin on christmas morning and a lady pulled up in a car and gave me like $5 or $10 in an envelope. i was happy & suprised.
When I was small I remembered a nice man who gave me two balloon during a family trip
I came across a young couple whose vehicle had broken down on Christmas Eve while on the way to my girlfriends house. I pulled over and gave them (and their gifts) a ride to his parents house where they were headed... 70 miles away. When they offered me money I just told them the next time they saw someone who needed help to give it and wished them a Merry Christmas and drove back.


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by a traveler from Travelocity.com on January 22, 2012
The Fairmont is know for there 5 start service and the quality of hotel. Although our room had a wonderful view of the upper deck garden we were missing the sheer drapes for privacy to enjoy the view. The suite adjacent to our room not only shared a door but we were able to share their conversations heard from the room. I guess my expectations from a 5 start hotel would of placed closer attention to the little details that you spend a nice price for. I did mention our situation to the hotel staff in the morning, we got a sorry and was dismissed. There are lots! of wonderful hotels in the city and I would consider others before I return to the fairmont.
©Travelocity.com LP 2000-2009


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I am new to photography, and am taking a class, our final projec tis coming up, and up until now we have shot outdoors. I chose to do a documentary of sorts following a piercer/tattoo artist for a few days. my indoor shots (taken with a nikon 35 mm) suck! we are shooting 400 t max b/w film. I know I need some lighting while shooting in a dim tattoo studio, can someone reccomend lights I should rent, and their tried and true indoor dim light shooting methods? thank you so much, I am really stressed about this project.
Steady there Anon. Sounds like you're sitting on pins and needles, so-to-speak. Don't let your glue melt. This seems to be a great project and you're using a great camera, even if it's an old Nikon F-2. Also, the T-Max film is good stuff although I prefer Tri-X. I'd avoid flash in this deal because it's distracting to both the artist and the subject. (ouch).
Since you're going to be working in the tattoo studio, regardless of how dim it is, start with the assumption that the artist needs light to do their work. Consider that as one light source and even if it's small, it should be relatively bright. Since you're working in black and white, (again I assume you've seen this place and know the lighting), you can get some clamp-on lamp sockets with a reflector attached either at a hardware store or a place like Home Depot. These are pretty cheap, like about 10 bucks each and all you'll probably need is a couple of them. You can get them with reflectors that are 10" or 5". Use the larger ones for fill light in your background if you need it, and the small ones for accent lighting. Place them where you need lighting, but out of camera view.
You can also use them with standard household lightbulbs and electrical extension cords. 75 - 100 watts should be plenty for what you're doing at that ISO. And, if you've got say a number 11 yellow filter to put on your lens, that'll brighten or at least clean up the amber cast of the lights on your black and white film to produce a cleaner white.
That's about all you should need other than model releases for the tattoo artist and his / her clients to sign off on so if later on you decide to publish the work, you should be covered.
As for your indoor shots not looking so hot, to help you with that, I'd need to know a bit more about what you were shooting, how you determined exposure (is your camera's light meter working properly? If not, change the camera batteries and retest it) and what kind of ambient light you had to work with.
Anything else, drop me an e-mail. Take it errrr....light. <G> Mark
thanks so much! I need to register here (my name is michele,nice to meet you :)) I do think I may be having a problem with my camera meter. It's the Nikon n-70. Last week I was shooting indoors the theme was "a different point of view" I was under the kitchen tabled shooting pictures of milk spilling off, it sounds weird, but it produced an interesting photo, the white milk against the dark mahogoney floors. My teacher said my film was "thin" my camera was metering at f-8 1/500, I took several letting the camera meter, and then set it myself at f-8 60 it still didin't get enough light in the room. I kept all the windows open and had the overhead kitchen light.
I'll chance my battery and see what happens there.
thanks soooooo much, I was panicing, I didn't want to waste the artists/studios time with taking a bunch of shots that don't come out.
Michele, have your camera meter checked against several of your classmate's.
mark, why would b&w film show an amber cast because of the lighting?
Thanks I will do that, I was thinking maybe the asa was set incorrectly? I will try today in class against my friends.
I checked out my location and a big problem is light, they ahve one small lamp in a windowless room. the room is TEENY, with my arms outstretched I could touch both walls. Not enough room for more than one light. argh. this is proving to be more difficult than I thought.
I agree with Mark but would suggest not using any additional lights as they would spoil the mood of the situation. What I would recommend is to use a camera support, maybe a small tripod or rest the camera on something solid. Then expose for just the highlights and let the rest of the scene go dark and moody and look natural, probably the reason you picked a tatoo parlor to begin with. Pick your angles and image content carefully. Don't try and capture the entire room in one photo.
A good photograph tells a story that the viewer can react to in an emotional way. Create something that people want to continue looking at and not see and dismiss in a few seconds.
As an example, this page has a photograph where I posed the subject under a light source and exposed for the highlights:
Larry, I LOVE that picture, where was it taken, would you mind telling me the story behind it?
I was thinking about using 3200 film, I thought the graininess (sp?) might be cool.
I am such an amatuer I almsot feel embarassed asking for advice, but I really really want to learn.
I went to this mom and pop camera shop yesterday, and the woman who owned the store reccomended no add'l lights as well she felt it would be overkill. she siad with 3200 and a 60sec shutter speed I should be good. she is renting me a couple lenses a 19-35mm and she said she would get me a 105 so I could try a few portraits of the people hanging out.
would you use flash? she said I could use the cameras built in flash to guarantee that I would get something on film...I'm just worry, I know even a built in flash is tricky, and I am no pro with it.
anymore advice and thoughts is welcome. I ahve a big project due today,and have to give a speech in Michael kenna, I am so nervous!
thank you!
You really should register so your name will appear. It's easier to answer someone when you know whom you're speaking to.
The information is under the photograph. But even today I recall what I was thinking when I shot it 30 years ago. I remember that I was new to getting magazine assignments and wanted to make an impression. Looking at him I immediately noticed the resemblence to Louis Armstrong and felt I needed to capitalize on it, but in a unique way. I noticed that they had recessed lights in the living room ceiling so I posed him directly under one. Color wasn't a problem because I was only shooting black and white. Exposure was easy because I came in close and moved the camera around checking exposure. I picked the fastest of the settings the built in meter gave me (so ambient light wouldn't effect the picture) and switched over to manual so wouldn't have to concentrate on the camera. Then I shot a roll of close ups of his face with both the 50mm and 85mm lenses, probably at around F2. I do remember that it was Tri-X shot at ASA 400 because I did all my own black and white processing.
I just filled out the registration. I am waiting for my email confirmation.My name is Michele, and as soon as I get a chance I'll attach a phot of me as an Av, I know it's nice to have a name and face to put with a post =)
it's a really great photo, thanks for sharing with us.
hey larry, I finally got my registration stuff in =) no more anon =)
Neet picture.
You'll have to post some photos when you complete the project.
I'll do that =) I'm getting started tomorrow at another tattoo shop. I decided I should probably shoot as much film as I can at a few places. For me it seems I can shoot 100 images and only really like one. I'm a little nervous, everyone was really nice to me, so I hope it goes well.
Be more mindful of what you want to acheive, and look for the light, your eye sees way more graduations or stops of light than film or even digital can record, and many many more than the paper can show. You have to learn how to "see" light the way your film does, and compress the contrast. You'll get it, write down what you want, shoot, evaluate how close you got, re-shoot, vary your settings, practice.
Some thoughts on light. The bigger it is the softer, the farther it is the softer, reverse is true also. Most people prefer a warmer light, use a bastard amber gel over your flash, try it, you may like it. If lighting is making you nuts, use a window that faces north and shoot near it with a reflector (can be a foamcore board wrapped in tinfoil) to wrap some light back around your subject.
100 shots 1 good image? Ansel Adams thought that in a year 12 really good images was a good crop.
Keep at it, your ratio will improve. 90% of photography is knowing where to stand, and what to crop out.
thanks =)
i finished my project and got an A, overall I am pleased though no one picture screams "perfect" I bought the 20d to practice with as I won't have acess to the lab until after summer.
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With a little help of our friend Photoshop: Dr. Jones in color!
Dr. Jones!
Dex Sketch for Cenildon and a couple of bad girls
Our friend, The Duque Duck
Still drawing people.
Laura, Jesus & The Devil
Drawing people on the street.
The dark thoughts of a young meteorite.
I love girls with hats or masks… …and nothing else.


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Dill Pickles
Yield: 7 pints
More From Oxmoor House
- 30 to 40 medium cucumbers, sliced lengthwise
- 7 sprigs fresh dill
- 3 tablespoons mixed whole pickling spices
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1/2 cup salt
- 1 quart vinegar
- 1 quart water
- Pack cucumbers into hot sterilized jars, leaving 1/2-inch head space. Place a dill sprig in each jar. Set aside.
- Tie pickling spices loosely in a cheesecloth bag. Combine spice bag, sugar, salt, vinegar, and water in a large stainless steel saucepan. Bring to a boil. Reduce heat; simmer 15 minutes, stirring occasionally. Discard spice bag.
- Pour syrup over cucumbers, leaving 1/2-inch head space. Remove air bubbles. Cover with metal lids, and screw bands tight. Process in boiling-water bath 15 minutes.
- Note: Only garden-fresh cucumbers should be used.
Dill Pickles Recipe at a Glance
- COURSE: Appetizers
- CONVENIENCE: Canning/Preserving, Gifts, Make-Ahead, Family
- CUISINE: American
- MAIN INGREDIENT: Vegetables
- DIETARY CONSIDERATION: Meatless
- PUBLICATION: Oxmoor House
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Same Lineup Tonight; Boogaard Skating
@thenyrangers tweets that Dan Girardi confirmed he took seven stitches on bridge of nose Monday night, but says it does not hurt and does not affect vision.
Original Post:
#NYRangers lines: A-Fro-Christensen-Gaborik, Dubinsky-Anisimov-Callahan, Fedotenko-Boyle-Prust, Boogaard/Avery-Stepan-White.
Gross also tweets that Derek Boogaard was on the ice at morning skate.
...if it ain't broke don't fix it.
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MDH Environmental Labs online client interface for ordering sampling containers.
Sample Container Request Form
Contact Information for the General Public
Contact Information for Established Clients (PDF: 21KB/1 pg)
MDA/MDH Laboratory Building: map & address
If you have questions or comments about this page, please contact the PHL Environmental Laboratory. email@example.com or call 651-201-5300.
Updated Tuesday, 12-Feb-2013 15:39:00 CST


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High-skilled visa requests likely to exceed supply
High-skilled visa requests likely to exceed available supply faster than in years past
00Quit outsourcing American education slots and high skilled jobsHonest BrokerAs a taxpayer, I really do not appreciate foreign students getting academic slots. Industry only pays for a fraction of school expenses, so how come they get to decide who gets the slot? Besides an out-of-state fee, why doesn't academia have to charge an out-of-country fee that covers all the costs? We are having the reverse effect of bringing American education up if we continue to give away our high skilled education slots and jobs to foreigners.37659{ "Agree":"1","Funny":"1","Insightful":"1","Disagree":"-1","Offensive":"-1","Troll":"-1" }0
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It was only a couple of weeks ago that I was quoting Coleridge due to massive storms – and now it is so topical for such a different reason
Water, water, every where,
And all the boards did shrink;
Water, water, every where,
Nor any drop to drink.
A veritable tie mary and carolmaewy
Water, water all around and not a drink to drink….oh wait!—
Mary Foster (@marylynne1) February 13, 2013
Thanks for the new page Chips. Love the photos, clips, links, comments. I am hoping Kitty is home soon.
So I've had to respond to and block only one right winger. They must all be buying stock in Poland Springs.
Oh, been awhile since I've read your profile. I do too, but I mostly retweet. It can get time consuming.
Now, I'm really going to bed.
For everyone who's interested…….this is from the Los Angeles Police Captain….."the cabin is too hot to enter tonight and we don't know if there is a body in there or not. Any reports of us having a body and that it's Dorner is INCORRECT".
Thanks for the update GGail. Glad he didn't get the news coverage. But, I'm isolated on Csan and TOD.
GGail – CNN finally corrected their … er … so-called "reporting," because they had declared a body was removed. They don't seem to get much right, do they?
And yet, they were quite happy to endlessly report the false controversy around Susan Rice. She provided the best information available at the time – provided to her by the CIA. CNN has no excuse.
CNN is really going down. Too bad, because it once was a good place to receive actual accurate news (I'll leave the politics out of it here!).
No, I don't think so. Please don't rush to conclusions. This was strange. I went to LA Times to catch up with story. But things change as more info is discovered.
Carol..i was not rushing…just asking a question…i could not stay riveted to the screen/and when i say the smoke/
none of the news reports that i heard commented on who started the fire….
i thought we here would know
Sorry. Everyone is posting sources not in CA. I think CA can give us best info.
Wait, Rubio said he was the product of Federal student aid and his parents were lucky to have comprehensive Medicare. Then he trashed it?—
James Leung (@jamesleung0) February 13, 2013
Ok, I think the water has broken, I mean the fever. Just about ready to pull up stakes and head to bed.
Sad and true
America. Where voting against Violence Against Women Act won't ruin your career. But getting really thirsty on TV will.—
(@LOLGOP) February 13, 2013
Sorry state of congress politics. Rubio needs to be named and shamed for voting against this act (as do 21 other MEN). Presumably the war on women is strong among those who want to keep them barefoot, pregnant and dependent.
thank you marco oh-nooooo!!! i learned more tonight about a particular company so I can be sure to never give a single cent to this america-hating operation, Poland Spring Water (owned by Swiss-owned Nestle)…
"In June 2003, Poland Spring was sued for false advertising in a class action lawsuit charging that their water that supposedly comes from springs, is in fact heavily treated common ground water.[9] The suit also states, hydro-geologists hired by Nestlé found that another current source for Poland Spring water near the original site stands over a former trash and refuse dump, and below an illegal disposal site where human sewage was sprayed as fertilizer for many years.[9] The suit was settled in September 2003, with the company not admitting to the allegations, but agreeing to pay $10 million in charity donations and discounts over the next 5 years.[10] Nestlé continues to sell the same Maine water under the Poland Spring name.
These problems are featured in the 2012 european-union-sponsored movie bottled life.[11]"
Totally forgot about him until I saw a reference on Twitter. Was Ted Nugent at the SOTU?
Excellent. Thanks – and goodnight to ya, Chips, and TODville! Appreciate all the posts, and the fun. What a beautiful SOTU address it was.
Off to take a #sleepbreak !
hehehe…it was either that one, or dancing queen…either works for marco rube-io!!
Had enuf? Didn't think so! EnjoyThe #Gulp in extreme slo mo w/ musical accompaniment. deadsp.in/XzrYy3. You're welcome. #watergate—
Dudette (@Dudette9t9) February 13, 2013
Thank you everyone for the side-splitting laughter tonight…'Rubio, oh Rubio, wherefore art thou Rubio?'. You sure as hell made me laugh
tonight. These repugs will never learn that following our genius PRESIDENT is a bad mistake…aai-ya yai!
G'nite all. Will be laughing in bed tonight
Marco Rubio is lining up his next gig after GOP rebuttal, assume he will b well compensated "Stay thirsty my friends" http://t.co/mOkljh7X—
The lovely Plains (@DaRiverZkind) February 13, 2013
President Obama: Use #JobsNow to "tweet your support of my plan to create jobs and strengthen the middle class."—
Barack Obama (@BarackObama) February 13, 2013
well, on a positive note, america and constitution-hater ted nugent will be gone in just a couple months, that is, if he's a man of his word…not holding my breath…
.@davidcorndc: "In state of the union, Obama presents a powerful progressive agenda" motherjones.com/politics/2013/…—
Greg Sargent (@ThePlumLineGS) February 13, 2013
I had a meeting tonight, and now that I've heard my President's speech and stopped crying down my leg at "The Gulp Heard 'Round the World," I am finally commenting! I so loved the President's speech. I am just so amazed and overwhelmed at his brilliance. And I actually want to thank Marco for showing the world the "best" of what the GOP has to offer… and giving the President an assist he really didn't need. To all you "dry mouthed" GOP'ers, just remember…"No weapon formed against him shall prosper." Good night my hilarious family!
Good night Dakota. It's early morning here. I haven't pulled an all nighter for a long time.
Rubio symbolizes what the GOP has become. Repackaged Empty rhetoric and no substance. #p2—
Wes (@Wes445) February 13, 2013
@nicolesandler You're right, he's a #jerk.But I stood up for her & I'm pretty sure millions of other Americans did too. #SOTU2013—
Dudette (@Dudette9t9) February 13, 2013
"He is… the least interesting man in the world."
"I don't always drink water, but when I do… It's the most interesting thing you've ever seen me accomplish.
"Stay thirsty, my friends."
The only thing #gop savior #rubio will be remembered for – a big #gulping moment in the supposedly biggest moment of his life.—
(@amk4obama) February 13, 2013
Thanks Chipsticks for posting the SOTU speech for some of us who missed it. What an incredible SOTU speech! This was by far the best SOTU speech I've ever listened to. PBS pundits, not surprisingly, were emphasizing negatives, just like their comrades in the MSM corporate media. That's why one minute after the President's speech, I stopped the video because I couldn't stand the PBS pundits trying to tell me how to interpret what I heard from the President or what I witnessed when it came to the way the President's speech was received.
Again, thank you for sharing this with us and for your wonderful blog!


text:
Austin Brakes
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Struggling "Every Day With Rachael Ray" Drives 2Q Losses for Reader's Digest
Former jewel-in-crown saw 16.8 percent ad-page drop through August.
Every Day With Rachael Ray has a new senior staff and redesign but "unexpected advertising declines" at the title contributed to a 6.2 percent drop in revenue to $409.4 million for RDA Holding Corp. in the second quarter of 2011. Consolidated EBITDA plummeted 32.3 percent to $52.2 million due to increased marketing spending and advertising losses at Every Day with Rachael Ray.
Revenue for RDA's U.S. business in the second quarter was relatively flat at $176.7 million (compared to $177.1 million in the same period last year), while operating profit fell 15.1 percent to $33.1 million, primarily due to a "decrease in advertising at Rachel Ray and higher agent commissions," according to RDA financials.
Once a top performer for RDA on the print side, Every Day With Rachael Ray has seen advertising plummet recently. From January through August 2011, ad pages in the magazine fell 16.8 percent, according to FOLIO: sister site minonline. Meanwhile, long-struggling sister title Reader's Digest is seeing improvement, with ad pages up 4.4 percent in the first six months of 2011, according to Publishers Information Bureau.
The Reader's Digest Community (including Reader's Digest) saw revenue increase 4.9 percent to $67.9 million, while the Lifestyle Communities (which includes Every Day with Rachael Ray) saw revenue drop 3.1 percent to $108.8 million.
Every Day With Rachael Ray has revamped its staff, hiring former Prevention editor Liz Vaccariello as editor-in-chief last fall and naming former Bon Appetit publisher Paul Jowdy as publisher in May. In June, RDA Community president Susanne Grimes left, replaced by Reader's Digest publisher Dan Lagani, who took over the new position of RDA president, North America.Â
In March, TV personality Rachael Ray inked an agreement with Demand Media to create co-branded content and develop new talent for Demand Media's eHow Food Channel.
Last month, The Wall Street Journal reported that Reader's Digest Association is on the block, seeking a price of around $1 billion.
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US 3964929 A Abstract A fuel cell coolant system for use with a plurality of fuel cell stacks connected electrically in series is adapted to use a non-dielectric coolant carried through each stack by electrically conductive tubes. Each stack also includes a plenum for distributing coolant to the tubes. To prevent short circuits across the stacks due to shunt currents in the coolant the plenums are electrically insulated from a grounded main coolant supply line, such as by dielectric hose connections, and each plenum is electrically connected to one end of its respective stack. By this invention the maximum driving potential for any shunt current is the potential drop across a stack rather than the potential drop from a stack to ground. In a preferred embodiment dielectric hoses are used to connect the plenums to the tubes in order to prevent short circuiting across cells within a stack.
Claims(7) 1. A fuel cell power plant cooling system comprising:
a non-dielectric coolant; a load; electrical connection means; a plurality of fuel cell stacks each having a low potential end and a high potential end, said stacks connected electrically in series to each other via said electrical connection means and connected electrically in series with said load, said series of stacks being connected electrically to ground, each stack comprising a plurality of cells connected electrically in series and electrically conductive separator plate means disposed between each pair of adjacent cells in each stack, at least one of said separator plate means in each stack including passageways formed therein, each of said stacks including a cooler, said coolant flowing through said cooler, said cooler including cooler tubes said tubes disposed within said passageways and passing through said plate means, said tubes comprising electrically conductive wall means, said cooler also including an electrically conductive plenum in fluid communication with said tubes; coolant circulation means connected electrically to ground and in fluid communication with each of said plenums, said coolant circulation means including dielectric first conduit means connected to said plenums for providing fluid communication between said circulation means and said plenums and adapted to create first high electrical resistance paths in said coolant; and electrical communication means connected between said plenum of at least one of said cooler and one of said ends of said stack associated with said plenum. 2. The fuel cell power plant cooling system according to claim 1 wherein said coolant is water.
3. The fuel cell power plant cooling system according to claim 1 wherein said stack includes a dielectric material disposed between said coolant and said plate means and dielectric second conduit means interconnecting said plenum and said tubes, said second conduit means adapted to create second high electrical resistance paths through said coolant.
4. The fuel cell power plant cooling system according to claim 1 wherein said cooler includes sacrificial electrode material in contact with said coolant and adjacent said first conduit means.
5. The fuel cell power plant cooling system according to claim 3 wherein said cooler includes first sacrificial electrode material in contact with said coolant at the higher potential end of said first resistance paths and second sacrificial electrode material in contact with said coolant at the higher potential end of said second resistance paths.
6. The fuel cell power plant cooling system according to claim 5 wherein said coolant is water.
7. The fuel cell power plant cooling system according to claim 5 wherein said electrical communication means is conected to the low potential end of said stack.
Description 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to fuel cells and more particularly to means for removing waste heat from fuel cells. 2. Description of the Prior Art A fuel cell power section comprises a plurality of individual cells electrically connected in series. The cells convert reactants, such as a hydrogen containing fuel and air or other oxidants, into DC electrical power in a manner well known in the art. The cells are housed between separator plates which provide flow passages to bring the reactants to the cell. The electrochemical reaction produces, as a by-product, waste heat which must be removed in a controlled manner to maintain the cells at the desired operating temperature. For efficient operation it is desirable to maintain the cells at a uniform temperature and at a maximum level consistent with material compatibility characteristics. A well-known method for removing waste heat from a fuel cell power section is to use heat exchange surfaces parallel to the plane of the cells. These heat exchange surfaces often take the form of passageways through the separator plates forming conduits which carry a coolant fluid. The intimate contact between the coolant fluid and the separator plates provides high heat transfer capabilities between the cells and the cooling medium thereby minimizing the temperature gradient therebetween. Depending upon the power density and thermal properties of the fuel cell power section, one cooler could be used between every cell or one cooler could be used to remove heat from several cells, the latter being more typical. Since the coolant system is an integral part of the power section, it is exposed to the electrical potentials of the cells. In large power sections this can be hundreds or even thousands of volts. It is important, therefore, that there be no appreciable flow of electrical current (i.e., shunt currents) between the cells and ground through the cooling loop. These shunt currents could cause serious corrosion of power section components and/or piping and could result in potentially large parasitic power losses. For this reason fuel cell cooling systems have traditionally used dielectric fluids as the coolant since they cannot conduct electric current. Conduits feeding the dielectric coolant to the coolant passageways were electrically insulated from the stack such as by surrounding the connecting end with dielectric material. Although this eliminates the problems associated with shunt currents in the cooling loop, there are associated disadvantages. For example, dielectric fluids, such as fluorocarbon or silicon based oils, which are capable of operating at fuel cell temperatures are expensive. The low specific heat of dielectric coolants require high mass flow rates through the cells, with a resultant loss of power due to the energy consumed by the coolant pumps. The higher flow rates require larger flow passage sizes leading to an increase in the size and cost of the power section and its connecting plumbing. In addition to the foregoing, there are other disadvantages of using dielectric coolants. The amount of heat transferred to the dielectric coolant is a function of the difference between its temperature at the inlet to the cell and its temperature at the exit of the cell. If the cell temperature is not allowed to go above a certain maximum level, a majority of the cell area will necessarily operate at a temperature lower than this maximum temperature resulting in a temperature skew across the cell. This reduces the cell output and overall efficiency. Also, cells are highly sensitive to dielectric fluids. Even trace amounts of a dielectric coolant leaking into the cells can seriously degrade or even totally ruin cell performance. This potential problem is in addition to the fact that the dielectric coolants are flammable and have toxic products of reaction. The foregoing problems are complicated by the fact that dielectric coolants have low surface tension properties which makes them extremely difficult to seal. Accordingly, one object of the present invention is a system for cooling fuel cell power sections which avoids the foregoing disadvantages of dielectric coolant systems. A further object of the present invention is a system for cooling a plurality of series connected fuel cell stacks using a non-dielectric coolant and which minimizes the magnitude of potential shunt currents flowing through the coolant. The present invention is a fuel cell coolant system for use with a plurality of series connected fuel cell stacks and which uses a non-dielectric coolant wherein each stack includes a coolant plenum for delivering coolant into the stack and wherein each plenum is electrically insulated from ground and is electrically connected to one end of its respective stack. By this invention the maximum driving potential for current through the coolant is the difference in potential from one end of a stack to the other end rather than the difference in potential between ground and the stack. In a preferred embodiment tubes comprising electrically conductive material are disposed in separator plates within the stack and carry the non-dielectric coolant through the stack. Each of these tubes or group of tubes is connected to the stack plenum by dielectric hoses having a high length to diameter ratio. Each plenum, in turn, is connected to a main coolant supply conduit also by a dielectric hose having a high length to diameter ratio. These dielectric hoses create a high electrical resistance path through the coolant and may also include a sacrificial electrode (i.e., anode) at the high potential end thereof so that any electrogalvanic corrosion which takes place will occur at the sacrificial anode material, thereby insuring that damage to important components in the stack does not occur. The present invention is basically a back up system to prevent damage to the power plant in case of an electric current flowing through the coolant. A power plant according to the present invention will typically include means designed to prevent the existence of such a current. This may be done, for example, by providing a coating of dielectric material on the surface of the electrically conductive tubes that carry the coolant through the stacks. This dielectric material prevents the flow of electric current from the stack into the coolant, as is more fully explained hereinafter. The present invention provides a back up protection system in case of flaws or defects in the dielectric coating. Related United States patent applications describing other fuel cell cooling system arrangements are: "Fuel Cell Cooling System" by Carl Reiser and "Fuel Cell Cooling System Using a Non-dielectric Coolant" by Paul Grevstad and Raymond Gelting, both filed on even date herewith and of common assignee with the present application. Having overcome the major obstacles to using a non-dielectric coolant, water turns out to be the preferred coolant. Not only is water a very inexpensive coolant, its low boiling point permits the removal of waste heat from the cells by evaporation. As the water evaporates it absorbs heat at a constant temperature, thus permitting the cells to operate at a uniform temperature from inlet to exit. Because the boiling temperature of the water is a function of the pressure, the temperature level at the cells may be controlled by varying the pressure level in the water/steam coolant loop. Water's very high heat of evaporation means that large amounts of heat may be transferred per unit of mass of water circulated through the cooler, thereby reducing the coolant flow rates by several orders of magnitude as compared to dielectric or non-boiling coolants. This, in turn, results in smaller piping sizes and less parasite power for pumping the coolant. Furthermore, it is not harmful to the cells if small quantities of water leak from the tubes. And, of course, water is not toxic. The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in the light of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawing. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of part of a fuel cell power plant having two fuel cell stacks connected to each other electrically in series and incorporating the features of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an illustrative, exploded, perspective view of a separator plate and cooler tubes of a fuel cell in one of the stacks of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the sacrificial electrode used in the stacks of FIG. 1. As an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, consider the fuel cell power plant cooling system depicted in FIG. 1. The power plant includes a pair of fuel cell stacks 10, 12, respectively. The number of stacks shown is by way of example only, since the present invention is applicable to even a single stack or any larger number of stacks. In this embodiment, and in other embodiments including more than one stack, the stacks are connected electrically in series to each other and across a load 14, such as by the electrical connection 16, 18. The stacks 10, 12 are electrically grounded at 20. Each stack 10, 12 comprises a plurality of cells 22. Separator plates 24, 24a, which may, for example, be made of graphite, separate each pair of adjacent cells. The plates 24, 24a are electrically conductive and serve to electrically connect the individual cells 22 in series. The cells 22 and the plates 24, 24a are best shown in FIG. 2. Each cell 22 comprises an anode electrode 26 spaced apart from a cathode electrode 28 by an electrolyte retaining matrix 30. The electrolyte in this embodiment is phosphoric acid. Channels 32, 32a in the separator plates 24, 24a, respectively, carry an oxidant into communication with the cathode electrodes 28. Channels 34, 34a in the separator plates 24, 24a, respectively, carry a reactant into communication with the anode electrodes 26. The oxidant carrying channels are perpendicular to the reactant carrying channels, each extending from one side of the plate to the other and being fed by manifolds which are not shown. In this embodiment the electrodes are of the well known gas diffusion type suitable for use with air as the oxidant and a hydrogen-containing gas as the reactant. The foregoing description of the cells 22 and the plates 24, 24a are by way of example only, for the purposes of describing this preferred embodiment; it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to any particular type of cell or to any specific plate material or configuration. Returning again to the cooling system of FIG. 1, each stack 10, 12 includes a cooler 36, 38, respectively. The coolers 36, 38 are designed to carry a non-dielectric coolant into heat transfer relationship with the cells 22 of their respective stack. In this preferred embodiment the coolant is water. The cooling system also includes a circulation system 40. The circulation system 40 includes a coolant supply line 42 for delivering water into the coolers 36, 38; a coolant collection line 44 for collecting the existing coolant in the form of liquid water and steam existing from the coolers 36, 38; a steam separator 46 for separating steam from liquid water; a pump 48 for circulating the water through the cooling system; and, a conduit 50 for returning liquid water from the separator 46 to the coolant supply line 42. The circulation system 40 also includes a conduit 52 for adding make up water to the system. The make up water may come from either a water tank or it may be condensate from other apparatus in the power plant, such as heat exchangers or condensers. The steam portion of the water is shown being carried away from the separator 46 via a conduit 54. The steam may be used in a steam reforming reaction for the production of hydrogen; or it may simply be condensed and returned into the circulation system via the conduit 52. How this excess steam is utilized is not considered a part of the present invention. The conduits used in the circulation system 40 are electrically conductive (i.e., copper or steel pipe or tubing). These conduits are electrically grounded at 53, but they may be grounded at any number of locations. Each of the coolers 36, 38 in this embodiment are the same, although this is not a requirement of the present invention, and corresponding parts have the same reference numerals. Each cooler includes an inlet plenum and an outlet plenum 56, 58, respectively, in fluid communication with a plurality of cooler tubes 60 which pass through the separator plates 24a. The tubes 60 and plates 24a are clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The cooler tubes 60 are disposed in passageways 62 formed in the plates 24a. The plates 24a are formed in two halves which divide at a surface 64 for assembly purposes. The tubes 60 are connected by headers 66, 68 (FIG. 3) and have a common inlet end 79 and a common outlet end 72. The headers 66, 68 and tube ends 70, 72 are both disposed outside the plates 24a, although this is not mandatory. Due to manufacturing tolerances it is difficult to avoid air spaces between the tubes 60 and the walls of the passageways 62. Because air is a poor conductor of heat, in order to maximize the heat transfer capability of the system these air spaces are filled with a thermally conductive grease, such as mixtures of polymers and graphite. The tubes 60 are composed of an electrically conductive material such as copper. In order to prevent electric currents produced in the stacks from passing into the coolant water, thereby resulting in shunt currents which potentially can short circuit the cells and corrode the tubes 60 and other components of the cooling system, the external surfaces of the tubes 60 have a coating 73 of dielectric material. Any dielectric material compatible with the environment of the stacks is suitable. Although in this embodiment the external wall surfaces of the tubes 60 are coated with dielectric material the same result may be achieved by coating the internal wall surfaces of the tubes 60 or by coating the surfaces of the passageways 62 in the plates 24a. The coating thickness should be sufficient to withstand the potential drop thereacross for the desired life expectancy of the stack; yet it cannot be so thick as to excessively reduce the heat transfer efficiency of the system. In one stack according to the present invention with copper tubes 60 having an inner diameter of 0.085 in. and an outer diameter of 0.125 in. and carrying water as the coolant, it was calculated that a 0.010 in. thick coating of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on the external surface of the tube could withstand a potential drop of 2000 volts and would perform satisfactorily for at least 40,000 hours. The maximum cell temperature in that calculation was assumed to be 400 in the cells was assumed to be phosphoric acid. Although in this example PTFE is used as the dielectric material, any fluorocarbon polymer would be suitable. The preferred number and size of the cooler tubes within a separator plate and the number of separator plates carrying cooler tubes may be determined by persons having ordinary skill in the art and is not a part of the present invention. However, one of the important aspects of the present invention is that water may be used as the coolant; and its high heat of evaporation and heat transfer properties result in lower coolant flow rate requirements thereby permitting the use of small diameter cooler tubes and other cooler conduits. This, in turn, reduces the amount of space heretofore taken up internally and externally of the stack by prior art cooling systems. In operation, water in liquid form enters the tubes 60 via the conduits 74. Heat produced by the cells 22 changes a portion of the water to steam (i.e., two phase cooling). The steam and water mixture leaves the tubes 60 via the conduits 76 and are fed to the separator 56 wherein the liquid water is retained in the circulating system 40 and the steam is used elsewhere in the power plant. In this embodiment the graphite separator plates 24, 24a are porous and tend to become saturated with phosphoric acid electrolyte. For this reason the dielectric coating 73 on the tubes 60 must be compatible with phosphoric acid. Also, although not desirable, the electrolyte fills in defects in the dielectric coating, thereby providing a good electrical path to the cooler tubes. In order to assure high reliability, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention the power plant is designed with the assumption that the dielectric coating on one or more cooler tubes is initially defective or will become defective early in the life of the power plant. Assume, for example, that the cooler system, including the plenums and the recirculating system, is entirely electrically conductive and is electrically grounded. In that instance, a defect in the dielectric coating of a cooler tube could result in a short circuiting of the power plant since electric current from the separator plate might travel into the cooler tube at the location of the defective dielectric coating (either through direct contact or via electrolyte within the defect) and to ground via the coolant and the conduits of the cooler system. To prevent this from occurring, in the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1 conduits 74, 76 connect the plenums 56, 58 to the cooler tube ends 70, 72 and are provided with dielectric wall portions 78, 80, respectively. The length to diameter ratio of the dielectric wall portions 78, 80 are chosen such that, should there be a flaw in the dielectric coating, the magnitude of any current flowing in the coolant due to the potential difference between the separator plate 24a and the plenums is reduced to a sufficiently low level which may be 6-8 orders of magnitude less than would be the case without this feature. By eliminating the short circuiting problem a corrosion problem arises in the cooler tube ends 70, 72 which are at the high potential end of the high electrical resistance path created by the dielectric wall portions 78, 80. The metal tube ends 70, 72 act as anode electrodes, while the metal portions of the conduits 74, 76 at the other ends of the high resistance paths act as cathodes. The rate of corrosion at the tube ends 70, 72 is determined by the resistance of the electrolyte path and the impressed voltage difference. Over the short term this corrosion of the tube ends 70, 72 is very slight due to the small magnitude of the current; yet, over long periods of time (i.e., years) the extent of corrosion can be significant. To protect against this corrosion each of the tube ends 70, 72 includes sacrificial electrode material. This sacrificial material may simply be in the form of additional length for the tube ends; or, as in the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1, it may be an insert 86 (best shown in FIG. 4) of, for example, zinc suitably attached to the cooler tube ends. Any material which corrodes at a lower potential than the tube material could be used as sacrificial electrode material. It is apparent that if the plenums 56, 58 are electrically connected to ground, the impressed voltage difference across the dielectric wall portions 78, 80 will depend upon the difference in potential between the cell within the stack and ground potential. For example, suppose that instead of only two stacks as shown in FIG. 1, a power plant included six series connected stacks each stack having a voltage difference of 300 volts thereacross. Further, assume that the series of stacks is grounded at the low potential end of the first stack in the manner of the two stacks of FIG. 1. This would mean that the dielectric coating on the tubes in the last stack of the series would have to be designed to withstand a voltage potential of up to 1800 volts. Also, should there be a flaw in the coating, the shunt current driving voltage could be as high as 1800 volts. According to the present invention the potential magnitude of the shunt current is greatly reduced by providing the conduits 88, which connect the circulation system 40 with the plenums 56, 58, with dielectric wall portions 90. These wall portions 90, create high electrical resistance paths through the coolant between the plenums and the circulation system so that the plenums are not grounded. As with the dielectric wall portions 78, 80, sacrificial electrode material is provided at the high potential ends 92 of these high electrical resistance paths. The plenums 56, 58 are connected electrically to one of the ends of their respective stacks by electrical connectors 82, 84. In this preferred embodiment they are connected to the low potential ends of the stacks. Now, the maximum potential drop between the cooler tube ends 70, 72 and the plenums 56, 58 is the difference between the potential of the particular separator plate 24a and the potential at the low potential end of its respective stack. Except for the first stack in a group of series connected stacks, this difference in potential is always less than the difference in the potential if the plenums are directly grounded through the circulation system 40. Thus, in a six stack power plant wherein there is a potential difference of 300 volts across each stack, the maximum driving potential for the shunt current is 300 volts instead of 1800 volts. This feature also substantially reduces the dielectric strength requirement for the cooler tubes' coatings. Assume for example, that the dielectric wall portion 78 is a hose made of polytetrafluoroethylene having an inner diameter of 0.178 in. and a length of 5.25 in. Also assume that the water conductivity at operating temperatures is 10 micro-mhos. Further, assume a potential drop of 300 volts from the cooler tube end 70 to the plenum 56. The resulting current will be about 36 this low level the problem of shorting the cell is eliminated. As assumed in the foregoing example, and to further minimize the shunt current magnitude, it is also preferable that good quality water be used as the coolant, such as water having a resistivity of at least about 20,000 ohm/cm; however, the minimum acceptable resistivity might be much less when long life is not a factor or if other aspects of the cooling system compensate for low coolant resistivity. Although in the foregoing preferred embodiment the tubes 60 are coated with a dielectric material in the hope of eliminating shunt currents entirely, it may be desirable, in some instances, to permit electric current to flow through the coolant and to simply rely on other aspects of the cooling system to reduce the shunt currents and electrochemical corrosion rates to acceptable levels. In that case non-dielectric coatings that are compatible with the electrolyte may be used on the tubes 60. Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that other various changes and omissions in the form and detail thereof may be made therein without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention. Patent Citations
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Where It Stands with Scutaro |
11.28.09 at 5:56 pm ET |
The Red Sox shortstop situation was infused with some potential positive news for the team on Saturday.
Two days after news came out that Alex Gonzalez would be signing with the Blue Jays, Marco Scutaro — thought to be a target of the Red Sox to replace Gonzalez — was quoted by Venezuelan reporter Augusto Cardenas as saying that four teams — the Rangers, Mariners, Dodgers, and Red Sox — have all shown interest in him.
Scutaro went on to say that he preferred the Red Sox and Dodgers at this point because of their potential to reach the postseason, and that he hopes to define his situation sometime after Dec. 1. None of the teams, the 34-year-old was quoted as saying, has made a formal offer. Scutaro explained that the Dodgers are interested in him playing second base — his primary position in the minors, and a spot where he spent about half of his defensive time as recently as 2008 with the Blue Jays — while the Red Sox are looking at him as a shortstop, with the other organizations perhaps identifying him as a third baseman.
Since the report came out, Texas general manager Jon Daniels was quoted by the Dallas News as saying the Rangers have no interest in acquiring Scutaro as a third baseman to replace Michael Young. There would be presumably no other place to fit Scutaro, with Elvis Andrus at shortstop and All-Star Ian Kinsler at second.
"We haven't inquired about anyone for 3B and have no plans to," Daniels wrote in an email to the Dallas News. "End of story."
Scutaro is a 'Type A' free agent, meaning that any team that signs him would have to forfeit a draft pick, assuming Toronto offers arbitration to the shortstop by Dec. 1. After the signing of Gonzalez, and given the interest from other teams in the free-agent market, it is not expected that Scutaro will accept the Blue Jays' offer of arbitraiton.
The Red Sox had told Gonzalez that they were prepared to offer him a one-year, $3 million deal, but that he would have to wait until the Winter Meetings to do so. The Meetings start on Dec. 7, which is also the last day players have to decide whether or not they are going to accept arbitration.
By that date, the Sox will know whether they are likely to net a draft pick from reliever Billy Wagner, another Type A free agent who is all but certain to receive an arbitration offer from the Sox.
(Wagner's agent, Bean Stringfellow, told WEEI.com Wednesday that he fully expected his client would be offered arbitration by the Red Sox, and isn't ruling out a return to Boston.
'ÄúBilly is absolutely, believe or not, open to going back to Boston,'ÄĚ Stringfellow said. It was Wagner, the agent said, that listed the Red Sox as one of the teams he would be open to signing with when Stringfellow met with his client immediately after the regular season ended. 'ÄúIf you asked me if he would be open to returning to Boston right after the season ended I would say there was no chance. But he'Äôs the one that brought it up to me,'ÄĚ he said. 'ÄúHe shared some stories that gave him comfort there in Boston that made him feel like he could come back there. It was one of the most positive experiences that he ever had.'ÄĚ)
The Red Sox presumably set the timetable for the offer to Gonzalez to pursue what they deemed more desirable shortstop options, one of whom figures to be Scutaro. Gonzalez, in turn, decided to take the sure offer of Toronto's one-year, $2.75 million guarantee for 2010, with a $2.5 million option for 2011.
Many fans have been critical of the Red Sox in the wake of Gonzalez' departure, feeling the 32-year-old's defensive abilities made him difficult to replace. But according to baseball executives, coaches and players who have worked with Scutaro, the 34-year-old is at least comparable with Gonzalez defensively, with one general manager giving Scutaro the slight edge.
"His hands are as good as any hands I've ever coached in major league baseball, and I've been in the big leagues for 14 years and I've had the opportunity to be around some great infielders," said Blue Jays third base and infielders coach Brian Butterfield when appearing on the Mut and Bradford Show, Friday.
"This guy has no panic in his hands and he's going to catch the ball. He's very intelligent. He is 34 years old, but he takes great care of himself. He's got a youthful body and he cares about baseball. A lot of times you look over at the other side of the field and you can see the skill, the arm strength, the running, the quickness, the ability to catch the ball, the ability to get it in the air. But a lot of times as a scout or being on the other side you don't get a chance to get to know the player. But having had Marco I can assure you he cares about the game, he's very popular among his teammates, he's got an infectious personality, his teammates gravitate to him, and he does a lot of things on a baseball that help you win the game."
Butterfield said that, if given the chance, he would have voted for Scutaro for the American League Gold Glove. Another advocate of Scutaro's abilities is Blue Jays infielder John McDonald, who came up through the minor leagues with the former second baseman.
"Last year I think he played one of the best shortstops (in baseball) for the first five months, until he hurt his heel," said McDonald on the Mut and Bradford Show, referencing Scutaro's battle plantar fasciitis. "He was tremendous playing defense … I thought last year (Scutaro and Gonzalez) were very comparable."
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Protesters gather as the sun sets June 10 at Taksim Square in Istanbul, Turkey. Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan will meet with a group of protesters that has been occupying Taksim Square this week, the deputy prime minister Bulent Arinc said Monday as the government sought a way out of the impasse that has led to hundreds of protests in dozens of cities.
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Speech Languaag Pathologist Therapist - SLP - PRN - Per Diem - 13726BR
Performs evaluations and develops effective resident treatment plans to restore, maintain or prevent decline of resident function, by planning and administering medically prescribed therapy treatments in accordance with federal, state and professional standards governing the facility. Job Advertisement Your goal is to restore, enhance and increase functionality. Our goal is to give you the support you need to make a positive impact on every patient in your care. At Aegis Therapies we're as committed to making a difference as you are. Putting patients first. It's what building a career with Aegis Therapies is all about. Discipline - Select All That Apply Speech Language Pathology Therapy/Rehab Minimum Qualifications * Graduate from an accredited program for Speech-Language Pathology. *...
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