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NC_OLD205: Ecology and Management of European Corn Borer and Other Lepidopteran Pests of Corn
Statement of Issues and Justification
More than 80 million acres of field corn (Zea mays), worth over $20 billion, is annually grown for grain in the United States. An additional 700,000 acres of sweet corn valued at $770 million also is grown annually. European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis, alone, among several stalk-boring pests, accounts for more than $1.85 billion in control costs and grain losses to field corn growers each year. In 2002, 90% of the fresh market sweet corn acreage was treated with one or more insecticide applications for a total of 479,000 lbs of insecticides applied. European corn borer also attacks many other important crops, such as, sorghum, small grains, cotton, potatoes, snap beans, peppers, and soybeans. The southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella, causes about $1 million in damage in the Western High Plains (Morrison et al. 1977). Other significant stalk-boring pests include stalk borer, Papaipema nebris, hop vine borer, Hydraecia immanis, potato stem borer, Hydraecia micacea, and sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis. The long-term goal of our research is to develop sustainable ways to manage insect pests of corn. This is a high regional priority, and in the context of demonstrating sustainable practices, it also is an important national priority.
Previous committees extending back to 1950 have focused on the European corn borer and other stalk borers. In addition to stalk borers, we propose to address the other lepidopteran pests of corn, which would include lepidopteran larvae that feed primarily on corn leaves and ears. This is a natural progression for the committee since Bt corn for Lepidoptera affects most of these insects. Importance of the non-stalk-boring Lepidoptera depends on type of corn and area of the country. Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea, and Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, larvae consume leaves, tassels, silk and developing kernels of corn and are particularly important economic pests of sweet corn and popcorn. In southeastern U.S. losses attributed to corn earworm in field corn range from 1.5-16.7%; whereas sweet corn losses can be as high as 50% (Wiseman 1999). Black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon, is the most devastating of the cutworm complex that attacks young corn in the Corn Belt. Significant loss of plants (>25%) and yields (2,900 kg/ha) are not unusual when infestations occur (Showers et al. 1983; Showers 1999). Western bean cutworm, Richia albicosta, increasingly is a pest of corn ears in the western Corn Belt; and sugarcane borer has emerged as an important pest of corn in Louisiana.
Since the 1996 commercial release of transgenic corn hybrids containing a gene from the bacterium B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Bt), a revolution in field and sweet corn insect pest management has been underway. This revolution is rapidly moving field corn pest management away from synthetic pesticides to plant-based toxin delivery systems coupled with low dosage commercial seed treatments. The use of Bt sweet corn varieties has been less dramatic but is important because of its higher insecticide inputs due to its higher cosmetic standards. The goal of this movement is to eliminate the need to store and handle toxic chemicals, eliminate the need for special insecticide application equipment, increase the ease of planting, and increase pest control effectiveness. Major seed technology companies continue to develop new transgenic crops for pest protection. These revolutionary changes in corn-hybrid technology are causing major adjustments in the agricultural community, pointing out major knowledge gaps and increasing the need to reevaluate past knowledge about European corn borer and other pests of corn. For instance, an insect resistance management (IRM) program was never a legal requirement for any pest management technology until the introduction of Bt-corn hybrids for protection against European corn borer. Publicity and attention to scientific advisors lead the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to require IRM programs on farms where Bt-corn hybrids are used; consequently, the concept that resistance could be prevented went from a theoretical possibility to an experiment in-progress.
During 2004, 32% of all field corn hybrids planted in the Unites States contained a Bt gene. The area planted to Bt sweet corn has been lower, under 5%. Stacked gene field corn hybrids that have multiple modes of action to prevent injury from both European corn borer and corn rootworm were commercially released in 2004. These stacked hybrids could further increase the percentage of acres planted to Bt corn for European corn borer management since corn rootworm in some areas of the Corn Belt is considered a more important pest than European corn borer. Other new genetically enhanced hybrid types may enter commercial markets within the next five years. As the level of adoption increases, particularly in the western Corn Belt, the potential for resistance evolution increases. Research conducted by this committee has been used to develop models predicting the rates of resistance evolution and to investigate the role of refuge structure in preventing or minimizing resistance evolution. These models suggest that a minimum refuge size of 20% is required to slow resistance development in this species. Although these models were constructed using the best information available on the pest's biology and known population genetic relationships, a number of assumptions had to be made about pest biology for the simulations to be completed. These assumptions need to be tested and research conducted to move them from assumptions to quantified variables with known uncertainty. In addition to addressing information gaps needed to improve these models, information is needed on the economics of this new technology, and the non-target impacts of Bt-corn toxins. Eliminating these information gaps forms the basis for several objectives of the project.
Economics. Corn growers must weigh yield losses due to corn insect pests against the costs of control. Additionally, with Bt technology they must consider the costs of implementing IRM programs. The economic component of this project will provide growers with the tools to make these decisions plus identify economic incentives that encourage growers to comply with IRM refuge requirements. A grower does not manage the European corn borer in a vacuum, but as part of a larger pest management framework. Growers can choose between Bt-corn hybrids that provide protection from European corn borer, black cutworm, corn rootworm, or a combination of these products. Plus, whether they choose to use the Bt technology or not, they need to decide whether to use seed treatments for soil insect pests, which maturity of corn to plant, and when to plant. To make these decisions the grower must understand how pests influence the potential economic value of each product or practice. During the last project we developed a set of tools that can help address questions about tactical implementation of IRM programs and direct research to assess economic value of new and competing technologies. To make a hybrid selection decision the farmer must understand the potential economic value to Bt corn for European corn borer protection and his/her need to managed other pests. The average net benefit for Bt corn varies across the landscape because of changing synchrony between European corn borer tunneling and plant growth stage. For example, the 33-year average net benefit in northern Illinois (based on simulations) varies from 0 to $4.00 per acre, while in southern Illinois the average net benefit varies from $4.00 to $8.00 per acre. However, in areas infested by the southwestern corn borer, like southwest Kansas and the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma, the per acre value of Bt corn ranged from $12.49 to $34.60. This is well above the technology cost of ca. $5.25 per acre. The value of a pest management practice also is influenced by year-to-year climatic changes. The net returns of using Bt corn over the past 33 years at one location in Iowa would have ranged from just under $7.00 per acre to -$1.50 per acre. Over the same period, the net returns at one location in Pennsylvania would have ranged from $4.50 per acre to -$2.00 per acre; and in 24 of the past 33 years growers would have received a positive return. New tools that help growers assess the economic value of Bt corn for European corn borer is the first step in helping them determine which technology will serve their needs. Because lepidopteran pests and their behavior and agricultural production practices differ across the Corn Belt, regional economic analyses are required to obtain a complete understanding of producer behavior, factors that drive this behavior, and policies that may modify this behavior in positive ways. These new tools now need to be widely verified and made available to economists and growers for regional analyses of pest management and IRM program economics. The economic benefit to growers using Bt sweet corn has also been substantial. In areas of high insect pressure by the lepidopteran complex, the use of foliar sprays has been reduced from > 15 sprays to only one or two.
Ecology and Genetics. During the past 10 to 15 years, U.S. agriculture has been developing and implementing transgenic corn varieties, alternative cropping practices, biological control, and landscape-level planning to achieve effective insect pest management. These developments are transforming management strategies of stalk-boring pests of corn. Regional research and extension efforts are necessary if benefits are to be optimized. The dramatic management of insects via transgenic plants, however, has many scientists (and growers) concerned about high selection pressure associated with broad exposure to these toxins and the subsequent adaptation by pest insects (Gould 1988a, b; Mason et al. 1996). Although there have been no cases of insects having developed resistance in the field to Bt plants (Tabashnik et al. 2003), there is a continuing need for research to address resistance problems in stalk-boring Lepidoptera (Gould 1989) and for outreach to transfer research results to the public. There is a need to balance the desire for maintaining long-term durability of this technology with logistical and economic short-term expectations for effective and uniform management.
Resistance management for transgenic corn depends on a refuge strategy complemented by high expression of Bt protein in the plant (USEPA 2000). However, there is continuing discussion concerning the size and placement of non-Bt refuges. Current risk assessment models have been based on incomplete biological information, particularly on dispersal and genetics, perhaps leading to unnecessary constraints as to how corn growers are permitted to use this technology. Several computer-based models have been developed that provide predictions of likely rates of resistance evolution, but all still lack some level of realism that could change how we structure and implement IRM programs. Work with the model system of the diamondback moth, the only insect that has developed resistance in the field to Bt proteins, and Bt crucifers expressing Bt proteins has demonstrated the need for refuges for Bt plants (Shelton et al. 2000, Tang et al. 2001). Additional work with stacked Bt genes, as currently used in some Bt-cotton varieties, has shown this strategy effective for delaying the evolution of resistance (Zhao et al. 2003). Past work by this committee has provided a major part of the research knowledge required to design the IRM program for European corn borer. But, the committee also realizes that two critical key questions continue to need further research to better predict the rate of resistance evolution: the rate and distance of adult movement between fields and the resistant allele frequencies in European corn borer populations. We also continue to lack a landscape perspective on how environmental factors, such as crop growth stage and year-to-year climate variation can influence the pest's movement. During past NC-205 projects, European corn borer developmental models were developed and expanded to provide 1km2 resolution landscape maps of European corn borer development and corn development. These models coupled with population genetic models can further help the committee gain a better understanding of how topography and weather across the nation influences the timing and movement of European corn borer males and females. Simulation models also will help answer questions such as will area-wide IRM programs work and can the size of the refuge be reduced to increase value returned to the farmer through use of the technology. New biological information will improve the accuracy and precision of resistance management models. Improved models will allow us to investigate the consequences of reducing refuge size and of optimizing refuge placement across variable agricultural landscapes.
European corn borer is not a single, randomly mating population even though it occurs throughout North America east of the Rockies. Clarification of population structure and genetics is necessary to model the likelihood of resistance development and to design resistance management strategies. More information for this species is needed on geographic patterns of genetic variation, voltinism, pheromone blend, sensitivity to B. thuringiensis, and the influence of host plants on genetics and population structure to develop spatial-temporal models of gene flow within an agricultural landscape. Also, little is known of the population structure and genetics of other stalk-boring insects. Acquiring such information will increase our understanding of the spectrum and mechanisms of resistance, genetic basis for resistance, status of cross-resistance, and stability of resistance.
Sugarcane borer has emerged as a common pests on corn in some areas in Louisiana (Castro et al. 2004). Field collections in 2004 showed this insect was the dominant corn borer species, counting 85% of the total collection during 1st and 2nd generations in Louisiana. Laboratory bioassays have demonstrated that sugarcane borer is much less susceptible to Bt toxins in Bt corn compared to European corn borer. There are questions concerning whether the high-dose strategy is a valid approach for this pest.Natural Enemies. Enhancing natural control is the first line of protection in integrated pest management (IPM). Even though the basic biology of most of the natural enemies associated with corn has been described, the effects and value of these natural enemies in various corn cropping systems and landscapes is not well enough understood to reliably implement. Key information gaps include understanding patterns of variation in natural enemy communities associated with landscapes dominated by corn and soybeans, and more diverse landscapes. Gaps extend to adequately quantifying the role of natural enemies in resistance evolution, improving the use of augmentative biological control agents, and characterizing the economic value of natural enemies in contemporary cropping systems. We hypothesize that 1) natural enemy abundance and diversity in corn may be influenced by natural enemies of pests in soybeans, especially in areas with high populations of soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura; and 2) some predators and host-specific parasitoids may have such a limited food source that only those with superior host-finding behavior will persist in landscapes dominated by Bt corn.
Non-target Effects and Pest Replacement. Another major adjustment for the agricultural community (growers, seed technology industry, ag-input dealers, extension and researchers) has been the need to more fully understand the impacts of gene-based technologies on non-target organisms and the possibility of human or livestock health effects. Never before in the history of pest management has there been as much pressure placed on the scientific community by the general public to understand the biology of pests and the ecological impacts of new pest management tactics. This is a major problem that must be addressed because no one truly understands how to determine whether a new technology will cause important changes to biodiversity and the functionality of an ecosystem. There is a general lack of knowledge about how field-corn pest management influences biodiversity, in both agricultural and nearby non-agricultural ecosystems. Members of this committee have contributed knowledge about the non-target impacts of transgenic crops, but no one has developed a sound way of judging how much and to what extent change in biodiversity is important. Therefore, research to help understand how ecosystems function, and how new practices are changing the biodiversity in and near cornfields are badly needed.
Management strategies with Bt corn to control European corn borer and southwestern corn borer may have direct and indirect effects on non-target pests, and other organisms that could result in positive, neutral or negative impacts (Ostlie et al. 1997, Schuler et al. 1999). The seed-treatment technologies associated with Bt corn to extend the spectrum of insect control have been shown to have non-target impacts as well. Secondary corn pests, such as corn earworm, fall armyworm, western bean cutworm, dusky sap beetle, Carpophilus lugubris, Banks grass mite, Oligonychus pratensis, and two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, are either tolerant to or not affected by the endotoxins expressed in Bt corn. With the exception of spider mites, these organisms may prove to be more problematic with the use of Bt corn and the reduction of broad-spectrum insecticides (Dively et al. 1999). Spider mites are an exception because problems with them are often exacerbated by insecticides. The increased use of Bt corn actually could reduce the need for miticides. Non-target pests require a new set of pest management practices that will need to be compatible with strategies used to delay European corn borer resistance to transgenic corn. Possible effects of transgenic corn on non-target organisms will be investigated with laboratory and field-based studies. This has been high priority research, since questions arose about possible effects of Bt-corn pollen on monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus (Losey et al. 1999, Hellmich et al. 2001, Stanly-Horn et al. 2001, Sears et al. 2001).
IPM Education, Sustainable Pest Management, and Outreach. A major adjustment facing the agricultural community is the need to move toward more sustainable production systems. Sustainability means a lot of different things to different groups and individuals, but for the purposes of this project its definition will be to develop insect management programs that are compatible with the economic, environment, health and social needs of both the agricultural and non-agricultural community. The major focus of this project on new genetically enhanced hybrids as a pest management tool, must be balanced with research that increases our understanding of how field crop and nearby non-agricultural ecosystems are affected by insect management efforts. We must also focus on research that is more systems oriented to determine how biodiversity can be maintained through management of fencerows and other non-agricultural areas. These efforts will include studies to investigate and improve conservation biological control of lepidopteran pests of corn and cultural practices. Growers rely on a variety of sources for making decisions regarding implementation of traditional and transgenic pest management technologies. Corn hybrids with Bt resistance to European corn borer now can include additional quality traits such as herbicide tolerance, and corn rootworm resistance. Soon transgenic corn could include enhanced traits related to nutrition and pharmaceutical, fuels, etc. To help growers integrate these inputs and options into practical pest management programs, the results of this project must be made available in a timely fashion for use by policymakers and be packaged as unbiased recommendations for the agricultural and public sectors. It is also important to obtain feedback from growers about their constraints and willingness to adopt resistance management practices as part of their European corn borer suppression program. This input is needed to balance short-term logistical and economic expectations for effective management with the desire to maintain long-term durability of the transgenic technology.
Overall. Collectively, a multi-state approach to researching these knowledge gaps and implementing effective technology transfer strategies is appropriate and necessary. As shown above, the geographic location plays an important role in the economics of Bt-corn technology or other technology value and how the pests interact with other organisms in their environment. It is this significant spatial effect of population and community dynamics that make a regional project necessary. Lack of site-specific knowledge has led to fears by the general public about the potential environmental and health risks associated with broad-scale adoption of new technologies, particularly when those technologies are genetically modified. Controversy about non-target effect of transgenic technology, particularly the potential effect of Bt corn on non-target organisms and human health, has fueled public concerns. These fears, whether unfounded or real, have the potential of forcing legislation to ban or slow the introduction of genetically modified crops. Answers to questions regarding Bt-corn impacts (positive, negative or none) on these non-target organisms should help focus the public's perception of this technology and where benefits are clearly demonstrated, allow growers to gain the dramatic pest control advantages provided by this and future technologies. Identifying acceptable methods of determining how changes in biodiversity caused by these technology influence functionality of ecosystems will blaze the trail for how to accomplish effective future risk assessments of other new technologies or interventions by humans.
These multi-state plans will be a model for the development of science-based resistance management programs and risk assessment for other pests, other crops, and future crop protection technologies. Our efforts will provide fundamental advances in the knowledge of pest ecology, genetics, and evolution. Our work will continue to provide scientifically-based assessments essential to the policy decision-making process and should help to increase the public's acceptance of these technologies and to identify potential negative impacts that need further investigation. Our work also will help lead to more sustainable pest management systems for lepidopteran pests of field corn. We also view it as part of our responsibility to provide unbiased, scientifically-based information that fosters subsequent investment in promising novel approaches to pest management. There is ample evidence that the NC-205 research group has the skills, collaborative working relationships, and commitment to provide the missing biological information and to incorporate this new information into current resistance management models.
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Eagles Tribute Desperado at Saint Rocke
* Additional fees apply.
All offers for Eagles Tribute Desperado have expired.
The last date listed for Eagles Tribute Desperado was Sunday June 16, 2013 / 7:00pm (Doors Open at 6:00pm).
Currently at Saint Rocke:
The Cure and Duran Duran Tribute Bands The Curse and Rio
- Full Price:
- $15.00
- Our Price:
- $7.50
At the intersection of goth, pop, alt-rock, post-punk, big hair, black clothing and excess eyeliner lies the music of The Cure. Hear the long-running English band's music in a more intimate setting as The Curse: A Tribute to The Cure comes to Saint Rocke. Together since 2003, The Curse plays songs from across The Cure's career, including "Boys Don't Cry," "Let's Go to Bed," "Close to Me," "Just Like Heaven," "Friday I'm in Love" and more. Rio: A Tribute to Duran Duran ("Hungry Like the Wolf," "The Reflex") opens the show. Learn More
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Featured review from Goldstar Member
view more less of this reviewDesperado was great! Vocals and harmony just like the Eagles and both the keyboardist and guitarist were excellent. Good crowd, so St. Rocke was crowded, but not uncomfortable. I stood against the wall in the back, but had no trouble hearing the music.
Finding parking was a bit of a problem. Ended up in a public lot about a mile away, but I didn't know the area, so there might be better available.

subset: commoncrawl


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Courtesy of: Andy Newman
Michigan Men's Press Release
In its second meet in an eight-day stretch, the No. 1-ranked University of Michigan men's swimming and diving showed no signs of slowing down as the championships season approaches, downing Purdue, 176-124, on Friday (Jan. 10) inside the Boilermaker Aquatic Center. U-M had seven different swimmers win individual events and also took first on one relay.
Two races provided potential previews of showdowns at next month's Big Ten Championships. The 100-yard breaststroke was won by junior Richard Funk (Edmonton, Alberta/Strathcona) in 54.67, two spots and nearly two seconds ahead of second-place finishing Lyam Dias. Michigan wasn't quite as fortunate in the 50-yard freestyle, as Purdue's Danny Tucker got to the wall just ahead of U-M junior Bruno Ortiz (Tokyo, Japan/St. Mary's International). Ortiz touched in 20.27, just two hundredths-of-a-second behind Tucker at 20.25.
The Wolverines were in control nearly the entire night, especially in the freestyles. Sophomore Anders Nielsen (Vanloese, Denmark) led from start to finish in the 1,000-yard freestyle, winning the event by a comfortable six-second margin over a short, five-person field (9:19.37). Junior Justin Glanda (Rochester Hills, Mich./Cranbrook Kingswood) had a great night in the water, finishing first in the 100-yard freestyle (44.45) and taking second in the 200-yard freestyle (1:37.55). In the latter, Glanda finished in between senior Connor Jaeger (Fair Haven, N.J./Rumson-Fair Haven), who was first (1:37.52) and fifth-year senior Hassaan Abdel Khalik (Mississauga, Ontario/Silverthorn Collegiate), who was third (1:38.98).
Senior Ryutaro Kamiya (Tokyo, Japan/St. Mary's International) blew away the field in the 200-yard backstroke, meeting the NCAA 'B' cut (1:45.91). U-M also took the top two spots in the 100-yard backstroke, as sophomore Peter Brumm (Cornelius, N.C./Hough) took first (49.67) and freshman Jason Chen (Pleasanton, Calif./Amador Valley) was second (50.65).
After Funk collected his second win of the night in the 200-yard breaststroke (2:00.59), Jaeger followed suit, taking the 500-yard freestyle (4:27.02). U-M went 1-2-3 in the 100-yard butterfly, headlined by senior John Wojciechowski (Scottsdale, Ariz./Phoenix Brophy Prep). He took first (48.98), followed by Ortiz in second (49.70) and freshman Vinny Tafuto (Hummelstown, Pa./Hershey) in third (50.44).
U-M also won the 400-yard medley relay (3:15.18) from the quartet of Wojciechowski, Funk, sophomore Dylan Bosch (Johannesburg, South Africa/Crawford College, Sandton) and Ortiz.
Sophomore Timothy Faerber (Potomac, Md./Churchill) was one of two divers in action, taking second on one-meter (302.48) and fourth on three-meter (328.95).
The Wolverines will return to the water tomorrow (Saturday, Jan. 11) for a meet against Northwestern and Notre Dame in Evanston, Ill. The meet will begin at 1 p.m. CT.
Michigan Women's Press Release
The No. 24 University of Michigan women's swimming and diving dropped a narrow dual meet on the road today (Friday, Jan. 10) at No. 20 Purdue 164.5-135.5 at the Boilermaker Aquatic Center. U-M was within 22 points of the Boilermakers going into the final three events, but Purdue's 1-2-3 finish from the one-meter springboard and win in the 400-yard freestyle relay widened the gap.
Several Michigan swimmers turned in strong performances of their own. Senior Courtney Beidler (Richboro, Pa./Council Rock South) won two events: the 200-yard butterfly (2:00.12) and the 500-yard freestyle (4:50.86). Her time in the 500 free is a new personal best.
U-M swimmers swept the backstrokes with sophomore Ali DeLoof (Grosse Pointe, Mich./Grosse Pointe South) touching first in the 100-yard backstroke and sophomore Marie Georger (Erie, Pa./Mercyhurst) taking the 200. In each race, junior Claudia Lau (Hong Kong, China/Dicoesan Girls' School) placed second.
Junior Kelsey Cummings (El Segundo, Calif./El Segundo) won the 1,000-yard freestyle with a season-best time of 9:57.31. Senior Angela Chokran (South Elgin, Ill./St. Charles North) took a first-place finish in the 100-yard breaststroke (1:03.27). She also placed second in the 200-yard breaststroke, part of a 2-3-4 finish with teammates Marni Oldershaw (Oakville, Ontario/Iroquois Ridge) and Erin Cameron (Rockwood, Mich./Oscar A. Carlson).
Diver Carey Chen (Vancouver, British Columbia/University Hill Secondary) turned in a career performance from three meters, setting a new personal best of 316.73. However, her score only earned her a third-place finish behind Purdue's defending NCAA three-meter champion Casey Mathews (351.75) and her Boilermaker teammate All-American Michelle Cabassol (339.45). Chen was also U-M's highest finisher from the one-meter springboard, placing fourth with a score of 274.73.
The Wolverines face a quick turnaround as they will be back in the pool on tomorrow (Saturday, Jan. 11) for a quad meet hosted by Northwestern in Evanston, Ill., at the Norris Aquatics Center. The Maize and Blue will also compete against No. 25 Notre Dame and Rutgers. The meet kicks off at 1 p.m. CST.
Results: Michigan vs. Purdue


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Spooky Huge Sheets of Ice Invade Resort
Wind gusts push ice heaves onto shore, damaging homesNote: Strong language at the 5:30 mark.
It's a video that looks like something out of a horror movie: Huge sheets of ice invading a Minnesota resort and damaging homes. Wind blew the frozen ice from Millie Lacs Lake up onto the shore. The video was taken on Saturday at Izaty's Resort by Darla Johnson.
Here, she documents the aftermath:
A similar phenomenon damaged or destroyed 27 homes by Dauphin Lake in central Manitoba, Canada, on Friday night, the Winnipeg Free Press reported.
PHOTOS ON SKYE: Breathtaking Images of Islands, Rivers and Seas from Space
Add a Comment
The strong language warning came at 5:55, not 5:30. She had to go and drop the F-bomb.
May 13 2013 at 12:17 AM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyNature is rebelling!
May 12 2013 at 8:03 PM Report abuse Permalink +1 rate up rate down ReplyThis looks like the set of a Stephen King movie!
May 12 2013 at 7:58 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyWhen they talk about Global Warming . people do not realize the some of the effects is changing weather patterns , and then you get odd thing like this happening . The warming starts melting the glaciers and snow and that starts flowing into lakes and rivers and then when the temps rise we get a lot more flooding around any towns and cities built near these lakes and rivers. We are seeing more and more larger storms , bigger hurricanes and more tornado's happening around the globe. Most Reputable climate scientist around the world are agreeing on this and the sooner the people stop burring their heads in the sand and try to make this a political argument are cowards and fools.
May 12 2013 at 7:25 PM Report abuse Permalink -1 rate up rate down ReplyGlobal Warming! WTF!!!!!!
May 12 2013 at 6:53 PM Report abuse Permalink +1 rate up rate down ReplyDANG!!! My first thought would have been "GET THE BOBCAT NOW"!
May 12 2013 at 6:38 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyBobcat?? Don't you mean Zamboni??
May 12 2013 at 8:13 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyLike a Stephen King novel! Scary.
May 12 2013 at 6:02 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyI'm thinking a couple of flame-throwers would have worked on this. Perhaps they should have a wall built out of concrete, that would cause the glacier to turn back on itself, or make it travel away from the homes.
May 12 2013 at 5:55 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyNice F-in' language with a young person around. Ya wonder why kids are the way they are nowaday??!!?
May 12 2013 at 5:54 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyThe way you stop that ice drive is to make an ice dam by using buckets of unfrozen water or hosing hot water on to the leading edge of the ice to melt the slivers together and make an ice wall. Each little sliver of ice will be pushed by the slivers behind it, but if the leading slivers bond and become an ice wall, the advance will stop and start to go upward. With more unfrozen water, the weight of the ice wall will keep it in place. The thickness of the base of the ice wall should be larger than the height of the wall to keep it from toppling over. Good luck in the future!
May 12 2013 at 4:17 PM Report abuse Permalink rate up rate down ReplyWho has a hose that uses HOT WATER? Noone. !
May 12 2013 at 6:58 PM Report abuse Permalink +1 rate up rate down ReplyMost basement washtubs have a threaded water faucet that allows a hose to be screwed on, allowing one to turn on the 'hot' and spray it...all least around here they do. I've done it to wash my car with hot water spray.
May 12 2013 at 7:27 PM Report abuse Permalink +1 rate up rate down


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claus - 1:02 am on Jan 29, 2004 (gmt 0)
The stats i referred to are the official Danish stats, as agreed by the Association of Danish Internet Media (FDIM). Although they might not have the same industry body yet in Norway and Sweden, a similar method is still used - there are minor differences and i'll be happy to elaborate on every single detail right down to the frequency of self-refreshing pageviews allowed, but it's both outside the scope and the topic of this thread. I'll have no more to say about this here, sorry for drifting off topic. The topic was Yahoo and their relative position, and the figures i quoted did show that their position was not as dominant as might be desired. Still, they were operating large sites. I guess the market is such that it's still hard to make decent money for large "broad" portals. AFAIK, they had PFI and advertising - i'm not sure if they had premium services or subscriptions, they had no broadband or things like that.
>> I disagree on several points
Okay, i accept that you hold your own opinion for whatever reason, but please don't misguide the large share of people in this forum that are not familiar with the Danish internet industry. I'll keep it brief:
It is not "Gallup" stats. Gallup is the subcontractor performing the measurement - it's a subcontractor, it's not the publisher. The publisher, and the body responsible for the rules (ie. what to measure, and how) is the Association of Danish Internet Media (FDIM) and not Gallup. There is but one significant Danish internet company that is (temporarily, i hope) absent from this industry statistic. This company is a member of the FDIM as can be seen from the members list [fdim.dk] and i have no reason whatsoever to believe that they are cheating.


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Theater Events
20+ Different Shows
January 17 - April 6
Shakespeare, Agatha Christie, Disney & More!
View Photo Gallery |
Historic neon signs still glow on old Route 66 through Albuquerque, which is now Central Avenue. Alongside the vintage signs, you'll see new versions put up by businesses that are continuing the aesthetic traditions of old Route 66, adorning their shops with bright, buzzing neon. The famous Route 66 continues to guide visitors through Albuquerque, from the volcanoes on the city's far west side past the Rio Grande Botanical Garden and the Albuquerque Aquarium, through historic Old Town and the Downtown business district, and continuing eastward through the University of New Mexico and the trendy Nob Hill area, where you'll find many of the city's best restaurants, distinctive shops and boutiques. Take the Route 66 tour!


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603-414-1951 - Did this number call you? If yes, leave your comment/complaint below.
Phone number: 603-414-1951 is located in Sunapee, New Hampshire.
Its exchange 414 is managed by UNITED STATES CELLULAR CORP. -.
The number is currently on switch number MRMCNHGICM0.
You are the 4th person to search for it here.The number has a total of 2 complaints filed against it.
Latest people reported the number as that of "ic systems"
- Where to complain
- Check caller's name/address
The company repeatedlt calls my phone claiming that my sister left this number as a contact number. I want these calls to stop. My sister does not live here, and never did. The company has no reason to call me and they have been told that.
they keep calling and calling, but leave no messages, im not picking up and charge me for picking up, these people will harrass me day in and day out, they called one night at 12am, im on ssdi and retired, very limited income, i do not like this at all. im in pain all the time, reaching for the phone an aswering is a real problem, you pick up and theirs no one on it, and im on the do not call list, and still yet they keep calling.


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Now Playing
Welcome to Camp Charlie
Silke walks us through an ordinary day on the job at Camp Charlie, the nerve center of WFP's operations in Haiti. Here, the gears of food aid turn round the clock to supply over three million people around the country with food relief. The day gets a little less ordinary when UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon drops in for a visit.
Date | 11 May 2010 |
Topics | Logistics, Responding to Emergencies |
Countries | Haiti |
Latest Videos/Galleries
7 February 2014
Swiss Ambassador to Haiti Visits WFP Cash for Assets Project
16 January 2014
Haiti School Meals: Feeding Futures and Nourishing Minds
28 November 2013
Haiti: UNASUR Pledges an Extra $250.000 for School Feeding
26 September 2013
Hungry Planet: Episode 30


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Darfur diplomacy: sidelined by Somalia?
The defeat of Islamists in Somalia may lessen the pressure on the Sudanese president to accept a large UN peacekeeping force in Darfur.
Just as a flurry of diplomatic activity raised hopes of imminent action on an expanded peacekeeping force for Darfur, a new crisis in the Horn of Africa threatens to divert international attention.
Skip to next paragraphSubscribe Today to the Monitor
Ethiopia's recent incursion into Somalia may have returned a stable government to the conflict-torn country for the first time in more than 15 years. But by routing Islamist rebels, Ethiopia's action also holds geopolitical implications for the war on terror. And in the midst of these developments, the government of Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir could find the pressure off for accepting a robust United Nations-mandated security force for Darfur, experts say.
After months of stalling, Mr. Bashir last week announced his readiness to accept an expanded international security presence in Darfur, the vast southern region where more than 200,000 people have died and millions more have been displaced. The fighting pits the region's black Christian population against forces aligned with the majority Arab and Muslim government.
Sudan says it will allow the first of more than 175 UN advisers and peacekeeping staff officers to deploy in Darfur within days. UN diplomats hoped this would be the foot in the door for a much larger peacekeeping force to fortify the 7,000 African Union security soldiers already there.
But Sudanese officials continue to offer conflicting statements on the size and makeup of any force, although some say it is no longer a question of the 20,000-strong force of blue helmets the Security Council approved for Darfur in August. The ambiguity and backtracking by the Sudanese government is leading some observers to speculate that Bashir may be finding Somalia's crisis a convenient cover for further procrastination.
"The international interest in Darfur is not going away. But at a broader level, Bashir must realize that there's only so much time in a day and so much energy that diplomats can put into one region," says Stephen Morrison, director of the Africa program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington. "If a roiling crisis in the Horn of Africa puts Darfur and Sudan into the back pages and becomes a major preoccupation in the Security Council for a couple of months, it may be just what Bashir needs to drag things out."
After Somalia's provisional government retook the capital of Mogadishu from the rebels of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) last week, diplomats have been trying to arrange an African peacekeeping force for the country. The diplomats want peacekeepers to replace forces from Ethiopia, a majority Christian country held in disregard by Muslim Somalians. So far, a few African countries appear to have offered forces.
Still, with overtones of the US war on terror in both Somalia and Sudan, some observers worry that US action in the globally strategic region will be driven even more by security interests than by humanitarian concerns.


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Jack Webb and partner set Obama straight May 29, 2010 by Bookworm 3 Comments Tweet How could I have missed this one? Be Sociable, Share! TweetShare this:DiggEmailFacebookStumbleUponTwitter
Charles Martel says May 29, 2010 at 1:51 pm It's easy to see from the look of incomprehension on The One's face that he doesn't understand a word they're saying. Log in to Reply
Ymarsakar says May 29, 2010 at 10:25 pm Obama didn't have his minders, so it was obvious that he couldn't understand English without em. Log in to Reply


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Anal, Blonde |
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Pinkballerina 2 years ago
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tranny_amy 2 years ago
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Home | MP3 Converter | FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions
How to report bugs and request new features?
In general, we ask that you keep the review section on the Complete Youtube Saver (CYS) AMO page free of bug reports and inconsiderate outbursts. We value your opinion, but please, express it in a mutually beneficial way. Please, send bug reports to our support email address. Feel free to ask for new features using the same email address, or in a *fair* review posted on our extension's AMO page.
Why not insert the toolbar-button in front of the url bar in new installs of CYS 3.3.3+, where it used to be in earlier versions?
The AMO reviewer forced us to move the insertion point in Firefox, so as not to interfere with the "back/forward-button auto-hiding" feature.
Why does CYS only work on Youtube pages/addresses, why not with embedded videos?
To work with embedded videos means having to scan every single web page the browser displays. This is a serious performance hit, which slows down the browser needlessly in most cases. We do consider adding this as an *optional* feature though. Feel free to vote for it, if interested.
Why an extra window when saving complete page, why not just send to Firefox Download manager?
CYS saves a complete *offline* copy of the YT page onto your hard disk, ready for archival. All embedded images, script files and style files are saved. To do this, CYS needs to scan through the web page, enumerate all linked external files, download them, transcribe all links to point to local copies of such files, and then download all comment pages requested by the user as well, and scan through those for similar embedded files. The Save Complete window is necessary to control this highly involved process of page editing and downloading possibly thousands of files.
Why are some comment pages empty?
YT servers frequently return empty comment pages, erroneously. CYS v.4+ does re-download empty comment pages several times if needed, but we do not recommend using more than 5 download threads to avoid getting penalized for mass downloading.
What is FFmpeg and why install it?
FFmpeg is an open source, cross-platform media encoding/decoding/conversion software. Without having FFmpeg on your system, you will be able to download all classic YT video formats, save complete YT pages with stats and comments. However, you will need to install FFmpeg on your system and set it up with CYS properly to use some advanced CYS features, like saving any DASH video format complete with audio with a single click, or the unique high-quality audio conversion/extraction functionality.
Why download the whole video, why not just the smaller audio file, as Easy Youtube Video Downloader does?
EYVD is a front-end to a network of servers on the net. Their "free" service is ad-supported - EYVD injects lots of ads into YT pages -, and they also monitor your activity, which is a serious privacy concern for some. CYS is completely free, we do not shove ads down your throat, we do not know/record what videos you watch, thus you have complete control over what you download with CYS, in complete privacy.
Why are not all enabled MP3/AAC/M4A/OGG conversion options visible in the detailed menu, especially the highest quality options?
CYS produces the highest audio quality from Youtube sources on the net. It transcodes audio only to MP3 (and WAV), but extracts AAC/M4A/OGG audio tracks without transcoding, i.e. without any quality loss. CYS will always download the smallest video file from Youtube with high enough audio quality to produce the desired output. Thus, if Youtube does not provide high enough audio quality in any of the available formats for a video, the highest quality audio conversion options will not be displayed on the CYS detailed menu. For example, it would not make any sense to transcode 96Kb AAC audio to Lame VBR-V1 or CBR 256Kb MP3, as sound quality will not be any higher, only the resulting file size. Thus, in such cases, only transcoding to Lame VBR V3/V5, or CBR 192Kb/128Kb are offered. On the other hand, for AAC/M4A/OGG, only qualities directly available in videos are displayed at all times.
Why does converted MP3 bitrate not match the value in the drop down list?
The indicated bitrate is a statistical average, an approximation only, this is a characteristic of Lame VBR MP3 compression. The essence of VBR mode is keeping a constant *quality* during the track, as opposed to bitrate. You will generally find that more complex, "busier" sounding music will result in significantly higher bitrate. In general, as acoustic instrument sounds usually compress to higher bitrates than synthesized music, heavy metal routinely produces the higest VBR MP3 bitrates, while electronic music is usually much smaller compressed at the same quality level.
Why does the bitrate in converted audio not always match what the menu indicates?
Youtube have raised audio track bitrates several times over the years. For OGG, M4A and AAC formats, CYS extracts whatever audio track is available from videos without transcoding. CYS does take into account the date the video was uploaded, but there are still a few videos where the real and expected bitrates do not match precisely. In most of these cases, the original video uploaded by the user contained an audio track of poor quality.
Does downloading statistics work if the HTTPS-Everywhere extension is installed and enabled?
With the latest version, there should be no issues when using CYS with HTTPS-Everywhere.


text: Together we can unite for children. Every child is important and you can change the live of a child for the better. Inside us all is something strong enough to change the world. To refresh those without water, to care for the sick, to give a child joy – one small act of goodwill. It's inside us all. Can you find it in your heart? Please sponsor a child with NIRP-Uganda and stand with me as a NIRP-Uganda goodwill ambassador. Because in one child's eyes, your goodwill will change the whole world.


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Location: Brooklyn, NY | Tickets: 0 | RSVP Tweet
Sorry, tickets are no longer available for this event.
Brooklyn Bowl 61 Wythe Ave. Brooklyn, NY 11211
Ticket Vendor Phone Number: 718-9633369
Royal Oak Music Theatre, Royal Oak, Mich. Scott Legato / RockStarProPhotography.com
January 19, 2014 |
Wells Fargo Center, Philadelphia, Pa. Owen Sweeney / Invision / AP
January 29, 2014 |
If we have information that is incorrect on this itinerary, please send us an email
© Copyright 2013 Pollstar. All Rights Reserved.
Use of information on this website is subject to License Agreement. Tickets for dates listed may not yet be on sale. Dates may change without notice.


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- Title: Demon Hunter
- Artist: OG Zeaga
- Description: You may fall into darkness, but I will show you the light. If you harm the innocent. I will swiftly bring you to your final resting place. My right hand will bring about your redemption and I will redeem your soul from evil...but...My left hand will bring about your retribution, and I will punish you for your unforgivable sins. So choose wisely...
- Date: 04/10/2012
- Tags: demon hunter warrior priest cross
- Report Post
Comments (3 Comments)
- Eclairl - 04/21/2012
- i dont get how lollipopsy could say this avi is cluttered. from what i can see your avi is well coordinated and i really like the description
- Report As Spam
- i disagree with lollopopsy,there is no cluttering at all in this avi.i think its awesome the way it is.
- Report As Spam
- lollipopsy - 04/19/2012
- Colour scheme coordinated, but cluttering is a bit of an issue here. Also, originality? 2'd
- Report As Spam


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On a night of wicked Newton weather — tornado watches and intense thunderstorms — only about a dozen people showed up in Auburndale Wednesday to hear U.S. Senate candidate Marisa DeFranco speak at the latest "Coffee with the Candidates" hosted by Newton Democrats.
But DeFranco is clearly used to small groups; she even mentioned Barack Obama's strategy of working the small groups of the Democratic caucuses as a model for building support for her ideas, and stands person by person. "Building the base," as she put it.
DeFranco didn't get the turnout Brookline resident Alan Khazei got a few weeks ago, as a local guy; DeFranco's base is north of Boston, with an immigration law practice in Salem and a home in Middleton.
The audience, many of them members of the host Newton Democratic City Committee, asked about her stands on equity for women, climate change legislation, disability rights and trade policy, among other things. But a constant underlying theme to their questions was: how can Democrats in general, and DeFranco in particular, get across a message that speaks to voters? Several audience members referenced Sen. Scott Brown's success at crafting an image and speaking a simple message that elected him to replace the late Sen. Ted Kennedy in 2009.
DeFranco's response: be relentless and persistent. Keep repeating the ideas and the stands until they catch on. Person by person.
She cast herself as a tireless fighter for causes she believes in. When an audience member said how discouraged she was at how money seemed to permeate and control every aspect of American politics, DeFranco's response: "What beats money is people. And ideas."
DeFranco was the last of the declared challengers for the seat currently occupied by Brown to speak at the "Coffees with the Candidates" series to help Newton Democrats learn more about the potential Democratic candidates who are seeking to unseat Brown in 2012. Bob Massie and Alan Khazei spoke recently; Newton Mayor Setti Warren is the only declared candidate yet to be scheduled.
Newton Wednesday Night: U.S. Senate Candidate DeFranco Speaks to the Few
DeFranco tells Democratic gathering that she is the one who will stand up for the little guy.
+ Leave a Comment
Copyright ©2014 Planck LLC d/b/a Patch Media. All rights reserved.


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If you are looking for something a little different, give this hotel a try. The walls, ceiling and floor are concrete. Very modern feel. I didn't spend much time in my room, but it was comfortable if a little smaller than normal. It is perfect for the business traveler. If you are claustrophobic, the concrete surroundings might not be a good choice. You can set the room temp and it is quick to respond - warmer or cooler...The bed was wonderful. Keurig coffee machine in room with complimentary bottle of water and actual cream/milk instead of the powder stuff ! Wi-fi as well. Interesting decor. The bathroom was modern with a nice rain head shower, but it is best if you are by yourself or with someone else who you are very intimate with - just from a privacy perspective. Very good service from staff. Everyone was extremely friendly and helpful. Shuttle to take you where you need to go. Nice lounge area with a reading/library and pool table. Nice outside area to sit at as well. I only ate breakfast there one day, but the staff was quick and helpful and the food was good.
I would stay there again.
- Also Known As:
- Nylo Plano At Legacy Hotel Plano
- Nylo Plano At Legacy Hotel
- Nylo Hotel Plano
- Nylo Plano
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- NYLO Plano provides a unique experience through its chic decor and affordable price. Rooms with polished concrete floors and exposed brick and piping walls simulate a trendy NYC loft. NYLO Plano runs on 50 percent wind power. All NYLO rooms have 32'' HDTVs and do not charge for the little things; even the bottled water in the rooms is free. NYLO is surrounded by many major corporations, restaurants, shopping, and nightlife at Legacy. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Orbitz, Expedia, JackRabbit Systems, Booking.com, Travelocity, Priceline, Hotels.com, Tingo, TripOnline SA, EasyToBook, Agoda, Venere, Otel and Fareportal so you can book your NYLO Plano at Legacy reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


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This page contains Cheats for Turret Commander organized by sections for iPhone - iPod. Turret Commander is a Action General game, made by Kylinworks, released on Aug 29, 2012 and published by Kylinworks. If you can't find a hint or secret in our list, then please check this page periodically for the latest updates. Note: This apple iPhone game app may also be compatible with the game app for apple iPad.
Turret Commander iPhone - iPod Cheats
- Developer: Kylinworks
- Publisher: Kylinworks
- Genre: Action General
- Release Date: Aug 29, 2012
- ESRB: Not Set
Don't forget to Bookmark this page for the latest Turret Commander Cheats. At this moment there are no cheats or walkthroughs available for Turret Commander. If you know cheats, secrets, hints or glitches for this game then please Submit them.
Stuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an Turret Commander expert then please try to help others with their questions.
View All Latest Videos


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Advertisement. The page you requested will display in seconds.
- Fujifilm FinePix XP150
- This waterproof, shockproof, GPS-equipped tough-cam is a crummy point-and-shoot in expensive clothing. Skip it.
Fujifilm FinePix XP150 Digital Camera Review
$279.95Image Quality
Outdoor photography is fine with the XP150, good enough for sharing on Facebook or Flickr. But even in great lighting, shots still might have weird colors, loads of grainy noise, warped corners, and soft, sloppy details. Those problems are unmistakable indoors and in low light. Even worse, the metering and focus are inconsistent from shot to shot. For anyone with even modest standards for image quality, it borders on unusable.


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Top Apps
- Audio & Video
- Business & Enterprise
- Communications
- Development
- Home & Education
- Games
- Graphics
- Science & Engineering
- Security & Utilities
- System Administration
Showing page 6 of 38.
ChaosEngine The chaosengine is a generic game library, with a heavy emphasis on modularity, flexibility, OS independence, and OO design.The final product should include an extensive selection of modules not limited to, but including a strong graphics and audio engine
10 weekly downloads -
ChibiOS/RT free embedded RTOS ChibiOS/RT is a free and efficient RTOS designed for deeply embedded applications. It offers a comprehensive set of kernel primitives and supports many architectures: ARM7, Cortex-M0, Cortex-M3, Cortex-M4, PowerPC e200z, STM8, AVR, MSP430, ColdFire, H8S, x86.
378 weekly downloads -
Chrono Master A reverse engineered remake of the SNES game Chrono Trigger, complete with a designer studio for creating new Chrono-Trigger-like games.
0 weekly downloads -
Cloud Force This Project is intended to serve as a Operating Platform for creating a Cloud / Grid infrastructure , for deploying applications , assigning , mananging resources through Virtualization and Load balancing.
0 weekly downloads -
Cloudium OS Cloudium OS is being written in pure ASM with cloud computing in mind.
20 weekly downloads -
Cloudium OS Cloudium OS is being written in pure ASM. It's a Cloud-based operating system and designed for simplicity and ease.
0 weekly downloads -
CodeXpand Engine (CDX) CodeXpand Engine is a Scripting engine written with C++. It work with COMPILED SCRIPT linked at Run Time with Host Applications. The SCRIPT COMPILER generate the CPU bytecode requested from the Host CPU where the application (& the scripts) will run.
0 weekly downloads -
Codename Five Codename Five is an operating system kernel, written as an experiment in learning assembler, written from scratch for x86. It is not (purposely) based on any previous operating system.
0 weekly downloads -
Comeback Courtroom 3 fan translation This is a Japanese to English fan translation patch for the Capcom video game "Gyakuten Saiban 3", one of the sequels to Phoenix Wright.
2 weekly downloads -
Command And Controll FTP BNC BOUNCER FTP BNC. File Transfer Protocol Bouncer. Allows Any one to setup a Bouncer to a ftp server. Uses, mask the real identity of a ftp server, provide link over lans running NAT or etc. Proxy and FXP modes. Commands, or commands and data in proxy, data in FXP
3 weekly downloads -
Complex of Adaptors and Terminals(CAT) A multiplatform programming language for every kind of platform from a microcontroller to a computer,Based on Adaptors and Terminals,It means you designing Adaptors and Terminals and Concat them(e.g for type a key on keyboard and displaying in monitor you
0 weekly downloads -
Compressed And Secure TCP/IP protocol This Project for optimize the tcp/ip with compress and secure features.
0 weekly downloads -
Computer Manager Computer Manager is the first OS that takes advantage of the DOS and Linux filesystems. It also makes doing jobs easier for everyone. Once it is complete, it will be made available to everyone!
1 weekly downloads -
CoolFish Open Source fishing bot for the MMO World of Warcraft
24 weekly downloads -
Cooperative Linux Run Linux on Windows or other OSes, natively.
957 weekly downloads -
CoreX Corex and related libaries (BINOS,APS). Designed for GBA and NDS console, but may port to another platform.
1 weekly downloads -
CrewOrion CrewOrion is programmers group, doing 'all kind' cross-platform opensource applications.
3 weekly downloads -
Cryptic Plus Derived from TrueCrypt 6.3 release, I added some command line options to "TrueCrypt Format.exe" to allow TrueCrypt volumes to be created without using the graphical user interface
2 weekly downloads -
Cryptofon Cryptofon - a safe phone with integrated encryption.
0 weekly downloads -
Cryptography Tools Classic & Modern Cryptography tools
14 weekly downloads -
Crystal Space 3D SDK Crystal Space is an Open Source 3D SDK for Unix, Windows, and MacOS/X. It renders with OpenGL and features GLSL shaders, CG shaders, deferred rendering, dynamic shadows, bullet based physics library, terrain engine, skeleton based animation meshes, exporter for Blender, portals, etc...
491 weekly downloads -
Cxbx : The Xbox Emulator Cxbx is an Xbox emulator for WinNT (XP/2k/2003) computers. Turok Evolution is currently the only playable retail game.
113 weekly downloads -
CyberWorlds Project Deleted
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Cygnus Operating System This project intends to create a new OS - Cygnus,which contains many advanced features from "Plan 9".The main goal of Cygnus is to provide the user with a modulized,extensible,distributed yet still free os that has never been experienced before.
0 weekly downloads -
D.home.otic D.home.otic aims to produce a stable, scalable and upgradable home-automation system. Based on PIC microcontrollers and USB interface.
0 weekly downloads


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BPL Community Profile
Elena Lee (lenchik101) - BPL Lifetime Member
You cannot send this user a personal message (PM) because they have not specified a PM email address yet.
All Forum Posts by Elena Lee
Re: The Big Four for cold sleepers Elizabeth, so many comments here, and i'm trying not to repeat. I'm a female, i get cold very easy, but i think the bag plus jacket combo is far more versatile than "the coldest... |
Re: Need recommendation on some gear 1. Petzl E-lite. Photon freedom is good as backup, but by itself it's hard to get anything accomplish if you don't have it clipped on your baseball hat. 2. Smartwool. shop around on websi... |
photo mine! |
Going to Olympics! Going to do my first hike on Olympic NP Coast tomorrow...weather looks perfect.. So excited!!!! |
Re-supply I can help you with the re-supply at Snoqualmie Pass (Washington). I can leave a package for you at the Ski Gas Station. Email me email@example.com with what you need, approximately by when yo... |
rocky gore tex socks get a pair of Rocky Gore Tex socks. either wear them all times or put them on for stream crossings. I waded wearing those in the streams. they do keep your socks from getting soaked with water. The... |
Re: re: Do it! But one concern though.. after doing it, your perspectives might change, and you may not want to lead a life of a lawyer after this. |
nikwas and fleece lining So I washed my Mammut Nimba softshell pants in Nikwax, and then remembered they had a thin fleece lining inside. I wore pants several times after this and haven't noticed anything different abo... |
Half mile maps check out http://www.pctmap.net/ they come with gps waypoints, you can also download a file to your Google Earth and actually see the trail on there. LazerQuick in Oregon provides map printing ... |
AY5K AY5K and make the route 5,000 to make honest with the name |
All Reader Reviews by Elena Lee
Showing 1 - 6 of 6
Page: 1
evernew ultralight 1.3l ti pot I've had mine since 2002 and still going. I have one with titanium coating, and use it as a share pot with hiking partner. The quality of this pot is impeccable. Its insulated handles are grea... |
Icebreaker Tech T Lite Superfine 140 Awesome shirt as evidenced by some night forest creatures who ate it. Now my shirt comes with cool hole design all over it that some people think came "as is" from the manufacturer... so... |
Golite Pinnacle Pack I have a women's version size small. I'm not sure if there is any difference between men's and women's besides the size. I also have an Osprey Talon 33 pack. What i use it for: I... |
Western Mountaineering Ultralight Super Important! this bag could be too narrow who is larger torso/wider shoulder. bought it for my man but it didn't work for him - he liked megalite. otherwise a great bag for those who sleep on a c... |
TarpTent Double Rainbow Just to add some to the above reviews: Wind: Hadn't had a chance to use in the extreme wind but contemplating taking this tent on a winter trip. The new version has standard tieouts on the side... |
Montbell UL Down Inner Parka Ok, everyone has beef with the hood. I couldn't have honestly thought of one fault with the Montbell UL Parka before reading this thread. Lightweight, warm, wind and water resistant- a perfect... |


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Basic Information
- Location Whale Branch (part of the Broad River), Grays Hill, St Helena Parish, Beaufort County
Located west of US 21 off Clarendon Road on Clarendon Plantation Drive
- Origin of name ?
- Other names ?
- Current status Privately owned
- 1780 Earliest known date of existence
- ? House built
- 1816 Paul Hamilton, Governor of South Carolina from 1804 to 1806, was buried on Rhodes Plantation. The plantation later became part of Clarendon. Today the grave site is located on the border of Clarendon Plantation and the Federal Laurel Bay Housing Project.
- 1993 The plantation lands were converted into a cattle ranch.
- Alphabetical list Burton, Corning, James M. Cox, Flyer, Willis Irwin, White
- Number of slaves ?
Web Resources
Print Resources
- 30-15 Plantation File, held by the South Carolina Historical Society
- N. Jane Iseley and William P. Baldwin, Lowcountry Plantations Today (Greensboro, NC: Legacy Publications 2001)
More about Beaufort County
- Learn more about historic Beaufort County, including the lovely town of Beaufort SC as well as Hilton Head. We have helpful guides to Beaufort SC history and Beaufort SC libraries and museums – plus Beaufort SC restaurants, Beaufort SC bed & breakfasts, Beaufort SC hotels, and Beaufort SC real estate.


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Online dating brings singles together who may never otherwise meet. It's a big world and the SeniorPeopleMeet.com community wants to help you connect with singles in your area. Whether you are seeking just a date, a pen pal, a casual or a serious relationship, you can meet singles in Hawaii today! Hawaii is known as the "Aloha State" and SeniorPeopleMeet.com is here to bring their Senior Singles together.
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Madagascar's Cryptids
Posted by: Loren Coleman on February 24th, 2008
Harry Trumbore's drawing of Madagascar's kalanoro, from The Field Guide to Bigfoot and Other Mystery Primates.
New species of lemurs keep being discovered in Madagascar. But there's a long history of other cryptids being reported from the world's fourth largest island.
Besides the big three (Kalanoro, Elephant Bird, and Man-Eating Tree) that have historically been most discussed in cryptozoological and cryptobotancial circles regarding Madagascar, what lesser zoological cryptids are discussed from there? What other strange animals exist in the literature, many of which were noted in passing at Cryptomundo, after I first published information from near that corner of the world in relationship to the alleged U. S. Navy SEALs video of mystery apes that looked like the Kalanoro?
How about the Kilopilopitsofy and the Kidoky?
William R. Corliss writes: "In 1995, D.A. Burney and Ramilisonia interviewed elderly natives about their knowledge of the Kilopilopitsofy and Kidoky. Both of these animals are mentioned in the historical accounts and folklore of Madagascar between the mid-1600s and late 1800s. The testimonies collected by Burney and Ramilisonia enabled them to provide tentative indentifications of these two mystery animals, both of which may still survive today."
The Kilopilopitsofy
A striking feature of the accounts of this mysterious animal is the consistency of the details. All the accounts we have collected stress that the animal is nocturnal, grunts noisily, and flees to water when disturbed. Likewise, there is general agreement that it is cow-sized, hornless, dark in color, and has a large mouth with big teeth.
Corliss observes: "These data agree with the old descriptions of the mangarsahoc (1661), the tsy-aomby-aomby (1882), and the Ombyrano (1912). One animal fits all of these accounts: the dwarf hippopotamus (Hippopotamus lemerlie), supposedly extinct for over 1,000 years."
The Kidoky
This animal's description is decidedly lemur-like. It was compared to the sifaka by all the interviewees who described it, although all insisted that it was not the same animal… It is much larger…perhaps 25 kg. It is usually encountered on the ground and may flee on the ground rather than taking to the trees…Its whooping call is suggestive of an indri.
Again, Corliss speculates: "The Kidoky is probably the giant aboreal lemur (Palaeopropithecus), known only from subfossils 1,000 or more years old."
Source: Burney, David A., and Ramilisonia; "The Kilopilopitsofy, Kidoky, and Bokyboky: Accounts of Strange Animals from Belo-sur-mer, Madagascar, and the Megafaunal 'Extinction Window'," American Anthropologist, 100:957, [Corliss incorrectly cites this as 1999], 1998.
For those having access to university libraries, you may be interested in finding this article:
"The Kilopilopitsofy, Kidoky, and Bokyboky: Accounts of Strange Animals from Belo-sur-mer, Madagascar, and the Megafaunal 'Extinction Window'"
American Anthropologist
December 1998, Vol. 100, No. 4, pp. 957-966
Abstract available at Anthrosource
Thanks to anthroman for pointing out the above correct citation.
Also, let me mention Strange Ark's online regional guide to cryptids has a list of African cryptids at this location.
For Madagascar, sorting through Chad Arment's list, the following cryptids are noted:
Lemurs: Unknown species, giant species
Reported from Madagascar
Heuvelmans 1986; Shuker 2000a; Shuker 1998d
Lemur: unknown miniature species
Reported from Tsingy de Bemaraha reserve, Madagascar
Shuker 1998d
Giant Fossa
Folklore from Madagascar
Discover article [?]
Pygmies: Kimos
Reported from Madagascar
Heuvelmans 1986
Feline: "Lions"
Reported from Madagascar
Shuker 1989
Madagascan dwarf hippo: Kilopilopitsofy
Reported from Madagascar
Shuker 2000a
Giant tortoise
Reported from southwest Madagascar
Eberhart 2002
Long-snouted Moth
Hypothesized from Madagascar
Bille 1995
An old wood carving of the Man-Eating Tree of Madagascar.
Loren Coleman – has written 5489 posts on this site.
Loren Coleman no longer writes for Cryptomundo. His archived posts remain here at Cryptomundo.


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Routes Sorted
L to R R to L Alpha
DescriptionThis climb has fun technical moves that takes a bit o' strategy. The finish is the hardest section so try to conserve your energy. You'll find a good rest half way up while "straddling" the climb. LocationMid section of the formation starts in a left leaning crack. If you look at the top of the climb you'll see a dinosaur shape that's fairly prominent...a brontosaurus shape to be exact. Rap chains up top, however DO NOT belay off the chains...their for rappelling only. Protection3 bolts to rap anchor.


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Founded in 1870, Stevens Institute of Technology, The Innovation University, is dedicated to providing a unique learning curriculum, cutting-edge research and an infusion of entrepreneurial endeavors that prepare graduates for the professional workplace and support their capacity to nurture startups and the business development process.
Stevens offers baccalaureates, masters and doctoral degrees in engineering, science, computer science, systems engineering, business, technology and management as well as baccalaureate degrees in the humanities and liberal arts.
Please visit http://www.stevens.edu/sit/academics/index.cfm
Contact: Dr. Hongjun Wang email@example.com 201-216-5556 Stevens Institute of Technology Source:Eurekalert |


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A substantial selection of images is readily available for reproduction, and it is also possible to commission photography for approved purposes. All requests for images should go through the Images & Licensing Office. Clients wishing to reproduce works from the collection should complete the relevant form (see below) depending on the intended use.
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Lifetime Makes Federal Case Out of 'Project Runway'
The network wants the suit heard in federal court
The cable network says the suit should be moved because "any issue relating to Lifetime's exclusive right to air future cycles of 'Project Runway' is a matter of federal copyright law and therefore should be heard by a federal court." NBC Universal, whose Bravo network has aired the previous five seasons of "Runway," won an injunction from a New York state judge last month to stop the move to Lifetime.
NBC Universal's suit claims that the Weinstein Co., which produces the fashion-design series, breached its contract by taking the show to Lifetime and not giving Bravo a right of first refusal to future seasons. A New York judge agreed in late September, granting a preliminary injunction that bars Lifetime from airing the sixth season of "Project Runway" as well as any possible spinoffs from the show.
Lifetime wasn't named in the suit, but it filed for the move to federal court because the outcome of the case has a direct impact on the network.
NBC Universal objected to the move, saying in a statement that it will "vigorously fight" Lifetime's action and file papers to keep the case in a New York court.
At stake is one of the best-known brands on cable TV. "Project Runway" averaged 3.6 million viewers per week in its fifth season, the best mark ever for the show, and about two-thirds of those viewers fell into the desirable adults 18-49 demographic. The injunction allows production on season six of the show to continue, but until the legal tangle is resolved there's no way of saying when it might air.
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Oi Wah Lam Movies and Career Information
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text:
Coins, Currency, and Medals
The Museum possesses one of the largest numismatic collections in the world. The collections include over 1 million objects, comprising coins, medals, decorations, and pieces of paper money. Among the many great rarities here are some of the world's oldest coins, created 2,700 years ago. But the collection also includes the latest innovations in electronic monetary exchange, as well as beads, wampum, and other commodities once used as money. A special strength lies in artifacts that illustrate the development of money and medals in the United States. The American section includes many rare and significant coins, such as two of three known examples of the world's most valuable coin, the 1933 double eagle $20 gold piece.
"Coins, Currency, and Medals - Overview" showing 1 items.
Great Britain, Gold Sovereign, 1838
- Description
- This coin is one of those used to convey James Smithson's bequest to the United States for the creation of the Smithsonian Institution. James Smithson was born in 1765 as the illegitimate son of Sir Hugh Smithson, later known as Sir Hugh Percy, Baronet, 1st Duke of Northumberland, K.G., and Elizabeth Hungerford Keate.
- Elizabeth Keate had been married to James Macie, and so Smithson first bore the name of James Lewis Macie. His mother later married Mark Dickinson, by whom she had another son. When she died in 1800, he and his half-brother inherited a sizable estate. He changed his name at this time from "Macie" to "Smithson."
- James Smithson died June 27, 1829, in Genoa, Italy. His will left his fortune to his nephew, son of his half-brother, but stipulated that if that nephew died without children (legitimate or illegitimate), the money should go "to the United States of America, to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men."
- The nephew, Henry Hungerford Dickinson, died without heirs in 1835, and Smithson's bequest was accepted in 1836 by the United States Congress. Smithson never visited the United States, and the reason for his generous bequest is unknown. The gift was the foundation grant for the Smithsonian Institution.
- The Smithson bequest consisted of 104,960 gold sovereigns. Presumably they all bore the head of the new Queen Victoria, who had acceded to the throne in 1837.
- The United States insisted on new sovereigns rather than circulated ones for a very practical reason: the United States would get more gold that way. All but two coins were melted down, reminted as American coins, and spent. The last two originals are in the Smithsonian collection.
- Location
- Currently not on view
- Date made
- 1838
- ruler
- Victoria Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and Empress of India
- maker
- American Type Founders Company
- Great Britain
- ID Number
- 1985.0441.1579
- catalog number
- 1985.0441.1579
- accession number
- 1985.0441
- catalog number
- 85.441.1579
- Data Source
- National Museum of American History, Kenneth E. Behring Center


text:
jollymcfats - 4:27 pm on May 8, 2005 (gmt 0)
If you find one that you like, please do post back about it. I've got a similar laptop in a drawer and I keep meaning to make it useful again. :)
Back in the early 90s I happily ran Linux on my 386 with 4mb of ram. The GUI was through an X11 package called TinyX. If you google for tinyx you'll find a bunch of folks with small Linux distributions that should run fine on the laptop.


text:
2013 MSU quarterback signee Damian Williams
On Wednesday morning MSU head coach Dan Mullen welcomed 16 new signees to the Bulldogs' Class of 2013 to go along with the four mid-semester enrollees.
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text: Summer Concerts Anthony Fung Quartet Thursday / September 5, 2013 / 12:00 p.m. Kendall Square 300 Athenaeum Street Cambridge MA 02142 Anthony Fung Drummer Anthony Fung, from Richmond Hill, Ontario is a sophomore at Berklee College of Music pursuing a dual degree in Jazz Performance and Music Production & Engineering. While still in high school, he was the selected drummer for the 2010 Berklee Five-Week Summer Jazz Workshop and the 2011 Monterey Next Generation Jazz Orchestra. He currently studies at the prestigious Berklee Global Jazz Institute under the tutelage of Danilo Pérez. Fung has played at numerous jazz festivals, including the Monterey Jazz Festival in California, the Toronto Jazz Festival, the JEN conference, and the Ottawa Jazz Festival. He has performed with Benny Green, Joshua Redman, John Patitucci, Danilo Pérez, Joe Lovano, Dave Liebman, Donny McCaslin, Hal Crook, Darren Barrett, the Vince Mendoza Orchestra, and Terence Blanchard. He has studied with Terri Lyne Carrington, Billy Hart, Ralph Peterson, Ari Hoenig, Dennis Mackrel, and Joaquin Nunez Hidalgo. Admission: Free Read more about Anthony Fung Quartet Ellie Buckland Thursday / August 29, 2013 / 1:00 p.m. Club Passim 47 Palmer Street Cambridge MA 02138 Ellie Buckland Ellie Buckland is a fiddler and a singer-songwriter from a musical family in the artistic community of rural Maine, where listening to, singing, performing, and absorbing music was an extensive part of her childhood. This background led her to Berklee College of Music, where she is currently in her fourth semester. She brings a spirit of joy and light to the stage, performing old folk songs, new Americana, and original songs in an acoustic roots style. Admission: Free Read more about Ellie Buckland Mals Totem Thursday / June 20, 2013 / 12:00 p.m. Kendall Square 300 Athenaeum Street Cambridge MA Mals Totem This is music that feels good when it's loud. Mals Totem is a rock band with two guitars, voice, bass, and drums. Admission: Free Read more about Mals Totem Sarah McKenzie Thursday / June 13, 2013 / 12:00 p.m. Kendall Square 300 Athenaeum Street Cambridge MA 02142 Sarah McKenzie Pianist, vocalist, and composer Sarah McKenzie is a graduate of the West Australian Academy of Performing Arts where Hugh Jackman, Marcus Graham, Lisa McCune, and many other leading Australian musical and theatre performers also trained. While in Perth, she completed a bachelor of jazz degree, won the Jack Bendat Scholarship, the Hawaiian Award for Most Outstanding Jazz Graduate, and the Perth Jazz Societies Award for leading the Most Outstanding Group of the Year for 2008. She also sung backing vocals along side Michael Buble in the Call Me Irresponsible tour. Admission: Free Read more about Sarah McKenzie Los Rumberos de Massachusetts Thursday / June 6, 2013 / 12:00 p.m. Kendall Square 300 Athenaeum Street Cambridge MA 02142 Los Rumberos de Massachusetts Combining three untamable voices, two wild guitars, and mesmerizing percussion, Los Rumberos de Massachussets have conquered stages, clubs, and bars all around, from Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, to Jurmala, Latvia, stopping in Madrid and Moscow along the way. The trio was born on the streets of Boston as an acoustic experiment seeking an intimate connection with the audience. Their style is a mix of rumba, Latin rock, huapango, blues, and reggae. They currently collaborate with LamonAyd, a promoting company founded by Ann Kreis, university guidance counselor at Berklee, and Javier Limón, producer and winner of multiple Grammy Awards. Admission: Free Read more about Los Rumberos de Massachusetts John Mailander and Molly Tuttle Thursday / September 12, 2013 / 1:00 p.m. Club Passim 47 Palmer Street Cambridge MA 02138 John Mailander and Molly Tuttle Pamela Hersch John Mailander and Molly Tuttle are individually renowned musicians currently studying at Berklee College of Music and joining together to perform their dynamic blend of original acoustic music. Together, Mailander and Tuttle create an honest and soulful mix of original and traditional music that respects the past while also looking toward the future of acoustic music. They have performed together at the Grey Fox Bluegrass Festival, the Joe Val Bluegrass Festival, and the Summergrass Bluegrass Festival, as well as at many venues throughout Boston and California. John Mailander is a San Diego–based musician in demand for his performance, instruction, and studio work. Playing in a variety of styles on the fiddle, mandolin, and various other stringed instruments, he has become known for his soulful approach as a soloist, improviser, and writer. Mailander has shared the stage with acclaimed artists such as the Alison Brown Quartet, Victor Wooten, Tony Trischka and Territory, Tim O'Brien, Christopher Guest, and Darol Anger. He regularly appears with Chris Stuart and Backcountry and in 2012 he released an instrumental EP with the Boston-based TriMountain Sessions. With nearly two million viewers on YouTube, Molly Tuttle is making a name for herself in the acoustic music scene and has been featured in Bluegrass Now, Flatpicking Guitar, and Acoustic Guitar magazines. A virtuoso multi-instrumentalist and an award-winning songwriter with a distinctive voice, in 2012 she won Best Female Vocalist and Best Guitar Player awards from the Northern California Bluegrass Society and first place in the prestigious MerleFest Chris Austin Songwriting Competition. Tuttle has appeared on A Prairie Home Companion and her active performance schedule has taken her to numerous festivals and venues across the United States and Canada, including the Hardly Strictly Bluegrass Festival, the Strawberry Music Festival, and the Freight and Salvage. Tuttle and Mailander, joined by classmate Matt Witler, perform Tuttle's "You Didn't Call My Name" in this video: Admission: Free Read more about John Mailander and Molly Tuttle Sarah Rogo Thursday / September 5, 2013 / 1:00 p.m. Club Passim 47 Palmer Street Cambridge MA 02138 Sarah Rogo Sarah Rogo is a songwriter and instrumentalist from New England. Influenced by country blues and American roots, she crosses an old genre with a young fire. Full of surprises and chock-full of charm. Admission: Free Read more about Sarah Rogo Kate Cameron Thursday / August 22, 2013 / 1:00 p.m. Club Passim 47 Palmer Street Cambridge MA 02138 Kate Cameron At 19 years old, Kate Cameron has a soulful country flair with a driven Boston edge. She is best known for her energetic and unique live performances, as well as her instinctive songwriting ability. Growing up on the South Shore of Massachusetts, she sang everything from acoustic singer-songwriter material to pop, classic rock, and blues, and she is self-taught on the guitar, keyboard, and mandolin. At age 16, she developed an interest in country music and realized it was the perfect genre to infuse with many styles in addition to showcasing her songwriting talent and powerful chops. In the summer of 2012, Cameron played an extensive 44 live shows, additional open mics, and live radio performances. She is hired by Country 102.5 WKLB Boston to perform and host many promotional events. Her ability to entertain large venues and eclectic audiences with just her voice, guitar, and personality is an impressive experience. These days, you can find Cameron in Boston, where she is a sophomore at Berklee College of Music majoring in songwriting. Admission: Free Read more about Kate Cameron Bronwyn Keith-Hynes Thursday / August 15, 2013 / 1:00 p.m. Club Passim 47 Palmer Street Cambridge MA 02138 Bronwyn Keith-Hynes Bronwyn Keith‐Hynes is a Boston-based musician originally from Charlottesville, Virginia. Accepted on a scholarship to Berklee College of Music at age 16, she graduated in 2013 with a diploma in Violin Performance. Keith-Hynes is fast gaining recognition for her fiddling across many genres, including bluegrass, Irish, Cape Breton, and old‐time music. Her playing, improvising, and writing is informed by four years of intense immersion in the Boston acoustic music scene and time spent studying traditional Irish and Cape Breton music before moving to Boston. While at Berklee, she studied with Darol Anger, Bruce Molsky, Matt Glaser, John McGann, Wes Corbett, and Mark Simos. Keith-Hynes has performed at The John F. Kennedy Center for Performing Arts; The Inter‐Celtic Festival in Lorient, France; and the Freshgrass Bluegrass Festival, among others. She toured France in 2012 with the international Irish music and dance show Celtic Dances, and she has also performed with Tomaseen Foley's Irish Times show alongside Grammy winner Bill Coulter. She performs regularly with artists from the Boston area, including Annalivia, Mark Kilianski and the Moonshine Ramblers, and George Clements and BB Bowness. Admission: Free Read more about Bronwyn Keith-Hynes Marny Lion Proudfit Thursday / August 8, 2013 / 1:00 p.m. Club Passim 47 Palmer Street Cambridge MA 02138 Marny Lion Proudfit Marny Lion Proudfit is a singer-songwriter hailing from the mountains of Utah, currently residing in Boston. She is an alumna of Berklee College of Music and is now recording her second full-length album. Admission: Free Read more about Marny Lion Proudfit Pages« first ‹ previous … 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 … next › last »


text:
New Bill to Legalize Gun-Shaped Pastry in Maryland Schools
7-year-old bit his strawberry breakfast pastry into the shape of a gun and got suspended for his trouble, Maryland state Sen. J.B. Jennings has introduced a bill:
In response to the hysteria over a recent incident at a local school where aprohibiting a principal from suspending or expelling a student who brings to school or possesses on school property a picture of a gun, a computer image of a gun, a facsimile of a gun, or any other object that resembles a gun but serves another purpose;
The bill, which is called the Reasonable School Discipline Act of 2013, also prohibits
a principal from suspending or expelling a student who makes a hand shape or gesture resembling a gun.
Of course, no self-respecting legislator can let a golden opportunity for micromanagement like this one pass him by. So in addition to quite reasonably noting that school administrators should try to un-bunch their panties when it comes to gun-shaped objects, the bill also specifies maximum penalties for quasi-gun threats (by grade level!) and punishments for administrators who violate the rules.
Which I'm sure won't cause any unintended negative consequences down the line.
No word on whether the school will offer conseling to kids "troubled" by the legislative process.
(Check out Jacob Sullum's related post—and inferior photoshopped gun pastry—here.)
Via Free-Range Kids.
Editor's Note: We invite comments and request that they be civil and on-topic. We do not moderate or assume any responsibility for comments, which are owned by the readers who post them. Comments do not represent the views of Reason.com or Reason Foundation. We reserve the right to delete any comment for any reason at any time. Report abuses.
Holy shit, we're gonna have a KMW-vs-Sullum throwdown.
Her Pop-Tart was way better though.
Does KMW's PopTart bring all the boys to the yard?
I could teach you but I have to charge
(+10 Milkshakes for obscure reference)
(+10 Milkshakes for obscure reference)
That word; I do not think it means what you think it means.
They should ban Pop-Tarts. Those things are vile and to call them pastry is an affront to all that we hold dear.
Kids have a First Amendment right to Second Amendment pastries and taking the pastry or taking action against them violates the Fourth Amendment.
The fact that this is even an issue just goes to show how far we have fallen as a country.
My first thought was, "Dear mother of god, I didn't think anything could be more stupid than school administrators shitting themselves over a pop-tart gun"
Of course, I forgot about Politicians. Those being who can take Stupid to levels no human mind has yet comprehended. And make it Law.
The news today re: how *exciting* it was that the TSA might let people keep their shoes on in Airports should have been a sign to me that we have reached a summit of stupid so high that we look down into the mists and realize we've forgotten what 'not-as-stupid' even looks like. "Its the new Normal"
If you think Larry`s story is really cool,, last pay check my uncles step-son basically brought home $7500 working a 10 hour week an their house and they're buddy's aunt`s neighbour has been doing this for 10-months and made over $7500 in there spare time on there mac. apply the guidelines at this website...
http://jump30.com -
So your uncle's step son is making 750 bucks an hour, and their buddy's aunt's neighbor only made 7500 in 10 months? What's she doing, watching cat videos all day?
Forget it, Jake. It's Amway
prohibiting a principal from suspending or expelling a student who brings to school or possesses on school property a picture of a gun, a computer image of a gun, a facsimile of a gun, or any other object that resembles a gun but serves another purpose
Why does Senator Jennings want little children to get gun tattoos?
Do we really have to pass a law to enact common sense? Am I quaint in my thinking?
These anachronistic words you use... "quaint"? isn't that the space between the vagina and ass? I dont understand your archaic banter.
Also, "*Common*" Sense? What does a rapper have to do with any of this?
This is a slippery slope. Kids don't need pastry pistols in school.
Before long, they'll be biting out pastry assault weapons.
And, think how traumatizing -- for teachers and students alike -- it will be when some little boy with a bad haircut announces that he has a thermonuclear pop tart.
No one needs more than two pastries in a pouch...
You know, I have to confess, some of these stories Reason covers are so over the top, I wonder if there's other information that they're not telling us. Like after biting his pastry into the shape of a gun, he stood on the desk and screamed, "I'm motherfukkin KING MOTHERFUKKIN KONG and I'll smoke ALL YOU BITCHEZ!"
My favorite part is mandating counseling for school employees who violate the law. "We are here today to make sure everyone understands the difference between real guns, and things that are merely images of guns, or resemble guns in some way...."
As long as they pass out pop tarts to the aggrieved children. I like cinnamon.
How about a new line of weapons-shaped crackers (like animal crackers) for school lunches for conservative parents?
this becomes a non-issue if you eliminate public schools.
And politicians.
The Title of the bill actually sounds accurate.... I don't trust it.
...and is on a first-name basis with the president can't apply to a Defense Department young lords internship programme - let me tell, that's a depression.
No need to get snotty about it. They're carrying the water for sequestrageddon as best they can with what they have to work with.
How the hell did I end up here?
On the one hand, the bill is absurd micromanaging of the public schools.
On the other hand, the public schools have proven they need absurd micromanaging.
Yeah, this micromanagement is bound to work... until someone brings a computer image of a firearm with computer added images showing a potential threat.
So we'll need a new law, to counteract that piece of this one.
Also, when someone actually uses some "facsimile" of a gun in a threatening manner, or in a specific attempt to scare others, we'll need to fix that too.
Then when someone...
Or - we could hire competent adults, who can be fired for doing obviously stupid crap like making and enforcing any "no exclusion" policies and simply tell them to do the right thing.
But of course, then someone would make vaguely non-threatening images, shoot up the school, and lawyers would get involved.
Then we'd pass zero tolerance policies. Then we'd complain when those policies are followed too closely.
But no worries, we can fix that by legislating exactly what can be done and what cannot. For instance, shouldn't be anything wrong with things like computer images of guns...