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Lee schools administrator denies allegations of being under the influence
Published 3/15/2013 at 10:34 p.m. 9 comments
Deedara Hicks said she is caught in the middle of attempts by some district officials to get rid of Lee schools Superintendent Joseph Burke.
Lee School Board members request state investigation of their conduct
Published 3/12/2013 at 10:49 p.m. 8 comments
School board member Jeanne Dozier, who made the motion to investigate board members, said it was in response to suggestions that she acted inappropriately and bullied others on the board.
School Board declines independent investigation of Superintendent Burke
Updated 3/5/2013 at 8:24 p.m. 6 comments
Arguing that the district has already investigated three allegations against the superintendent, the Lee County School Board voted Tuesday afternoon against opening an independent investigation into Dr. Joseph Burke's actions.
Letter: Thank you
Published 11/12/2012 at 4:00 a.m. 0 comments
Jeanne Dozier, Fort Myers
Election 2012: Long election lines delay results in Lee County
Updated 11/7/2012 at 1:04 a.m. 5 comments
By 11:30 p.m., Barack Obama had been projected the winner in the presidential race, but Lee County still had only reported 88 percent of precincts. People stood waiting to vote at 35 precincts at 10 p.m., NBC-2 reported.
Election 2012: Chilmonik, Dozier in tight race for Lee school board
Published 11/6/2012 at 7:58 p.m. 0 comments
The race between incumbent Dozier and former board member Chilmonik was heated, with the two candidates often bantering back and forth along the campaign trail. Neither candidate won the majority of votes in the primary election, so they had to ...
Election 2012: Dozier, Chilmonik meet in run-off
Published 10/26/2012 at 5:00 a.m. 1 comment
The race for the District 2 seat on the Lee County School Board pits incumbent Jeanne Dozier against former board member Bob Chilmonik.
Lee school officials developing master plan for English language learner support
Published 10/24/2012 at 5:45 a.m. 1 comment
The moves come in response to a report that found students were not making adequate progress in language proficiency despite receiving nearly $1 million in grant money.
Lee school officials developing master plan for English language learner support
Published 10/23/2012 at 5:45 a.m. 0 comments
The moves come in response to a report that found students were not making adequate progress in language proficiency despite receiving nearly $1 million in grant money.
Endorsement editorial: Chilmonik for Lee school board
Published 9/28/2012 at 4:00 a.m. 0 comments
Election 2012 | Lee County School Board
Lee Schools grants request to close a Bonita Springs charter school
Published 9/26/2012 at 5:30 a.m. 5 comments
Lee County School Board members decided Tuesday to close the doors of a Bonita Springs charter school — but not without expressing considerable frustration with the corporation they say already abandoned other local students.
Lee School Board members swap angry memos over Burke's handling of bus stops
Published 9/25/2012 at 5:31 a.m. 5 comments
Lee County School Board members are again at odds with each other over Superintendent Joseph Burke's performance, after board member Jane Kuckel sent a series of memos accusing him of failing to do his job and violating board policy
Lee County considers $10K bonuses to lure principals to struggling schools
Published 9/8/2012 at 5:00 p.m. 12 comments
Some embrace the idea; others want principals to show progress before being rewarded. Were asking a highly-qualified and successful person to take on an unsuccessful operation and pay them a 10 percent bonus," board member Tom Scott said
Dozier, Chilmonik to runoff for Lee School Board seat; Morgan wins over Cochran
Published 8/14/2012 at 7:45 p.m. 2 comments
The battle between former Lee County School Board rivals, Jeanne Dozier and Bob Chilmonik, isn't over yet.
Lee School Board race between Dozier, Chilmonik gets personal
Published 8/11/2012 at 5:44 p.m. 7 comments
The pair often bantered when serving on the board together from 2000 to 2010, before Chilmonik resigned in an unsuccessful bid for a seat on the Lee County Commission.


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Breast Pain (Mastalgia) - Topic Overview
What do I need to know about breast pain?
Many women have breast tenderness and pain, also called mastalgia. It may come and go with monthly periods (cyclic) or may not follow any pattern (noncyclic).
- Cyclic pain is the most common type of breast pain. It may be caused by the normal monthly changes in hormones. This pain usually occurs in both breasts. It is generally described as a heaviness or soreness that radiates to the armpit and arm. The pain is usually most severe before a menstrual period and is often relieved when a period ends. Cyclic breast pain occurs more often in younger women. Most cyclic pain goes away without treatment and usually disappears at menopause.
- Noncyclic pain is most common in women 30 to 50 years of age. It may occur in only one breast. It is often described as a sharp, burning pain that occurs in one area of a breast. Occasionally, noncyclic pain may be caused by a fibroadenoma or a cyst. If the cause of noncyclic pain can be found, treating the cause may relieve the pain.
Breast pain can get worse with changes in your hormone levels or changes in the medicines you are taking. Stress can also affect breast pain. You are more likely to have breast pain before menopause than after menopause.
7 Diet Mistakes and Fast Fixes
You were so good all week. But then you snuck a doughnut ... and then another. To get back on track quickly, start here. There's that dreaded point in every diet — for me, it's after the first 10 pounds — when you start to slack off a little. You skip lunch one Saturday, and later that night at a restaurant with your husband,...
Read the 7 Diet Mistakes and Fast Fixes article > >
Does breast pain indicate breast cancer?
Breast pain is not a common symptom of breast cancer. But in some cases painful lumps are caused by breast cancer.
What can I do for breast pain?
You may be able to relieve breast pain by using nonprescription medicines, including:
- Acetaminophen, such as Tylenol.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin), naproxen (Aleve or Naprosyn), or aspirin (Anacin, Bayer).
Be sure to follow all labels and instructions. If you are pregnant or trying to become pregnant, talk to your doctor before using any medicine. Do not take aspirin if you are younger than 20 because of the risk of Reye syndrome.
Danazol and tamoxifen citrate are prescription medicines used for the treatment of severe cyclic breast pain. These medicines are rarely used because they have significant side effects. It is important to determine whether the benefits will outweigh the risks of taking these medicines.
You may also be able to relieve breast pain by:
- Using birth control pills (oral contraceptives). These may help reduce cyclic breast pain and breast swelling before periods. But breast pain is also a known side effect of birth control pills.
- Taking magnesium. Magnesium supplements taken in the second half of the menstrual cycle (usually the 2 weeks before the next period) relieve cyclic breast pain as well as other premenstrual symptoms.
- Reducing dietary fat to 15% or less of your dietary intake is likely to reduce breast pain over time. A small study has shown that making this long-term dietary change significantly reduces breast pain.
Some women feel they have a decrease in breast pain when they decrease the amount of caffeine they consume.
If breast pain becomes severe or lasts longer than 3 weeks, call your doctor to discuss your symptoms.
WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise

subset: commoncrawl


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Open AccessThis article is
- freely available
- re-usable
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7(5), 2290-2308; doi:10.3390/ijerph7052290
The Geography of Fast Food Outlets: A Review
School of Geography, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Cancer Epidemiology Group, Division of Epidemiology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
Nutritional Epidemiology Group, Division of Epidemiology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 25 January 2010; in revised form: 26 April 2010 / Accepted: 30 April 2010 / Published: 6 May 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity and Public Health)
Download PDF Full-Text [75 KB, uploaded 6 May 2010 13:32 CEST]
Abstract: The availability of food high in fat, salt and sugar through Fast Food (FF) or takeaway outlets, is implicated in the causal pathway for the obesity epidemic. This review aims to summarise this body of research and highlight areas for future work. Thirty three studies were found that had assessed the geography of these outlets. Fourteen studies showed a positive association between availability of FF outlets and increasing deprivation. Another 13 studies also included overweight or obesity data and showed conflicting results between obesity/overweight and FF outlet availability. There is some evidence that FF availability is associated with lower fruit and vegetable intake. There is potential for land use policies to have an influence on the location of new FF outlets. Further research should incorporate good quality data on FF consumption, weight and physical activity.
Keywords: fast food; obesity; take away; geography
Article Statistics
Click here to load and display the download statistics.Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Fraser, L.K.; Edwards, K.L.; Cade, J.; Clarke, G.P. The Geography of Fast Food Outlets: A Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 2290-2308.
AMA StyleFraser LK, Edwards KL, Cade J, Clarke GP. The Geography of Fast Food Outlets: A Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2010; 7(5):2290-2308.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFraser, Lorna K.; Edwards, Kimberly L.; Cade, Janet; Clarke, Graham P. 2010. "The Geography of Fast Food Outlets: A Review." Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 7, no. 5: 2290-2308.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland
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My blogs
Gender | Male |
Industry | Arts |
Occupation | writer/animator |
Interests | eclectic, too many to list |
Favorite Movies | fantasy, sci-fi, horror, documentaries, science, art, music, etc. |
Favorite Music | blues/jazz... and a whole lot more |
Favorite Books | those by joe campbell, bob heinlein, dave trottier, jim henson, numerous others |
The love potion you made tastes terrible. How will you drink it?
sip it slowly, lovingly... only toxins, and lies, are sweet!


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Hi all, has anyone seen this KS E-Ten dropper seatpost ? seems pretty cheap for a brand new unit
Bike Forum
KS E-Ten dropper seatpost has anyone seen or ridden one ?
Posted 5 months ago #
I was going to buy one from stif but a few things put me off. The fact that the damper is a sealed unit means it can't be serviced, the weight is high at over 700g and the drop is only 100mm. I do like the all black look. I bought a Reverb in the end.
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Home > Restaurants >
494 Fourth Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11215
at 12th St.
By ynot206 on 4/23/2009
Best summed up by giving my own answers to the survey questions: Q: Would you go back? A: Not if they paid me Q: Would you take a date? A: Great place to take a person that you never want to call you back Q: Would you take kids? A: If they were Hansel and Grettel Q: Would you go on a special occasion? A: Mother-in-Law's b-day!
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43 out of 88 people found this review helpful.
By texannthabiz on 7/8/2008
Not a horrible experience, but, on my continued quest for acceptable tex-mex or mexican food in brooklyn, I will not return to this place. And, by the way, the unlimited chips and salsa (which were mediocre, at best) are no longer unlimited; first one's free, $3 for a refill.
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44 out of 107 people found this review helpful.
Adam Platt picks 2013's top dining destinations,
including Blanca, Mission Chinese Food, and Perla.
The best that the city's restaurants have to offer:
bar food, dumplings, soft serve, tongue, and more.
We live in a city full of small cheap-eats miracles,
including pork buns, Asian hipster grub, and pizza.


text: Roper-Hall Canada Show all reviews | Patchouli Patch by L'Artisan ParfumeurAs I waved the scent soaked test paper under my nose, I was suddenly 14 again, buying patchouli oil in a head shop on yonge street in Toronto. The semblance was brief but poignant, as this fragrance developed and bloomed well beyond the linear scent of that oil. Well balanced and present, without being an overbearing bore. 02 September, 2011 |


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luxpresso - 04/26/2013 12:04:02
A Blue Diamond Sells for a Record Price of $9.4 mn
A rare blue diamond, weighing 5.3 carats and once used in a ring by Bulgari, sold for $9.4 million at a Bonham's auction in London Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 04/12/2013 17:10:02
The Elite Choice: Montblanc's Briefcase, Casey Kasem's Home on Sale
From the launch of Montblanc's new, very expensive briefcase, to high-value auctions and the sale of radio legend Casey Kasem's grand home, the folks at Elite Choice give us the scoop everything Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 12/05/2012 10:00:00
Camera Leica Luxus I Sets World Record at Auction
Hong Kong was host to a Bonhams auction like never before. On sale were a variety of Leica cameras that appealed to photography and vintage camera enthusiasts of this rapidly emerging market Continue Reading »
Bonhams Photo Gallery
Most Expensive Diamonds in 2013 luxpresso.com
Top 10 Outrageous Luxury Items Purchased In June luxpresso.com
10 Most Outrageous Luxury Purchases In November luxpresso.com
luxpresso - 11/02/2012 17:00:00
Week in Luxury: A 007-Theme Wedding + Beckham's Olympic Boat
Every week, our friends at Luxury Launches give us the low down on uber-luxurious happening across the world. This week they tell us about a certain millionaire James Bond fan's doings, the scoop on new hotels around the world and point out which watches you will want to splurge on this festive... Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 10/09/2012 13:30:41
Bowmore Whisky Estimated to go for £150,000 at Bonham's Auction
Bowmore geared to break all records with the world's most expensive bottle of whisky. The 54-year-old single malt that will make its debut at Bonhams' Whisky Sale auction is being pegged at £150,000 Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 10/01/2012 13:05:40
Auction Alert: Raj Silverware at Bonhams
Bonhams' Islamic and Indian Art auction in October includes some stunning examples of silver work from the Raj era. Look out for a stunning pear shaped jug mounted with a fierce lion Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 06/08/2012 12:55:06
Recently Jehangir Sabavala's wife Shirin put up for grabs his much talked about work Vespers I at a Bonhams auction.And much to her surprise the artwork sold for Rs 2 crore, twice the expected sum and a world record for Indian art of sorts Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 05/29/2012 06:00:00
Auction Alert: Hussain, Souza & Sabavala Dominate Bonham's Sale
London auction house Bomham's has put together a rather impressive list of artists for their up-coming Modern and Contemporary South Asian art sale Continue Reading »
luxpresso - 05/24/2012 06:00:00
Prada's First Short Film Premieres at Cannes
Prada premiered its first short film A Therapy, starring Helena Bonham Carter and Sir Ben Kingsley at the Cannes film festival. Directed by Roman Polanski, the film is a firmly tongue-in-cheek showcase of Prada's apparently high desirability Continue Reading »


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By Lisa Johnston
New products on display at the American International Toy Fair, held in N
Newspaper circulars may generate more store traffic than all other advertising mediums, especially within the CE channel, a new study suggests.
According to the 2004 Spring RSCORE Retail Advertising Benchmarking Study, produced by ad agency Meridian Inc., here, newspaper circulars tend to have the strongest impact on generating interest in store visitation, particularly for CE, office supply, drugstore and mass merchant chains.
The results, based on online interviews this spring with the primary shopper in over 1,300 households, also show that circulars have stronger recall than TV, radio, online, print, direct mail and outdoor ads, with recall percentages typically in the 60 percent to 70 percent range. Recall jumps to 70 percent to 75 percent for circulars from consumer electronics retailers, topped only by the drug store channel, where recall ranges as high as 84 percent.
Moreover, among shoppers who recall a retailer's newspaper circular, items seen in the circulars are triggering purchase intent for roughly 40 percent to 60 percent of respondents, Meridian says.
Television advertising comes in second in influencing store visits and in overall ad recall. Recall of TV commercials ranges between 40 percent and 70 percent but falls to 43 percent to 56 percent for CE spots.
Meridian attributes circulars' greater efficacy to consumer behavior and the self-selected nature of the medium. "It's a pull medium, not a push medium," marketing director Ann Mazure told TWICE, "and consumers have established a structured procedure in using them."
The agency specializes in circular ads but didn't massage the data to arrive at its findings, Mazure said, noting that consumers' high use of and responsiveness to the medium is well-accepted within the advertising and retail communities.
Separately, the RSCORE study also found that the CE channel tied with toy chains for second place in overall shopper satisfaction (as measured by merchandise, store environment and staff), just behind warehouse clubs and just ahead of mass merchant, office supply and home improvement stores. A key factor influencing store satisfaction and choice within the CE channel is in-store signage that makes it easy to locate items of interest, respondents said.
This TWICE webinar, hosted by senior editor Alan Wolf, will take a look at what may be the hottest CE products at retail that will be sold during the all-important fourth quarter. Top technologies, market strategies and industry trends will be discussed with industry analysts and executives.


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Launa Rae Hearn, 74, of Bryant passed away on July 8, 2013. She was born Dec. 4, 1938, to the late Buster Amos Dunn and Lola Norene (McKinsey) Dunn in Bradford. Launa was a schoolteacher who retired from the Bryant School District after many years of service. She was a member of First Baptist Church in Bryant. In addition to her parents, she was preceded in death by her sister, Rozella McGehee.
LITTLE ROCK— The Arkansas State Claims Commission has voted to dismiss a $1 million wrongful death claim against Arkansas State University by the parents of a student who died after being shot at his campus apartment.
The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette reported Saturday that the claims commission voted unanimously to reject the claim by Jerlene and Elijah Gilmore of Helena-West Helena.
A woman accused of fleeing from police has been charged with multiple crimes. Heidie Taylor, 48, is charged with fleeing by vehicle, unauthorized use of another person's property to facilitate a crime, fleeing on foot, refusal to submit to arrest, driving on suspended license, littering, criminal mischief, DWI-drugs and reckless driving. At 1:19 a.m. today, Benton Police Officers were notified about a possible intoxicated driver in the area of the Interstate 30 North Service Road near the 116 Exit.
The Benton Police Department has released to the media reports involving an incident where Saline County Sheriff Bruce Pennington was arrested for public intoxication and resisting arrest. In the reports, police say Pennington swung at officers. Details, along with comments from Sheriff Pennington, are found in today's issue.
LITTLE ROCK – There was quite a drastic difference in the Benton McClendon's Appliances' games against the Little Rock Vipers on Wednesday night at Gary Hogan Field in Little Rock. The McClendon's split a doubleheader, falling 12-0 to the Vipers in Game 1, but rebounding and taking the second game 3-1 behind an excellent pitching performance from Wesley Ramsey.
LITTLE ROCK — An independent report blames manufacturing defects for the failure of an ExxonMobil pipeline that sent 150,000 gallons of crude oil into the small town of Mayflower, the company said Wednesday.
The report, provided to Exxon and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, found cracks near a seam that failed on the ruptured Pegasus Pipeline, the company said. Both Exxon and the regulatory agency declined to release the report, which was produced by Hurst Metallurgical Research Laboratory Inc.
Although the county received about a half inch of rain on Wednesday afternoon, rainfall is still well below average right now. The shower brought the precipitation total for the past 30 days up to 0.71 inches. The average monthly rainfall for this time of year is generally about 4 inches, according to the National Weather Service. The average is based on rainfall totals gathered during a 30-year period, from 1981-2010. Due to the lack of rain, Saline County is under a moderate wildfire risk. Saline County also is still one of 16 Arkansas counties still under a burn ban.
The Saline County Sheriff's Office is asking for assistance in locating a stolen piece of construction equipment. The 2012 Case skid steer was stolen from a construction site on Narrows Road around July 4. Anyone with information on the location of the equipment or any other information regarding the theft may contact that Criminal Investigation Division at 501-303-5608.
Dorothy Ditzig of Benton died peacefully on July 8, 2013 at Saline Memorial Hospice. She was 79 and had lived at Fox Ridge Senior Living for several years. She was a member of Holland Chapel Baptist Church in Benton.
Willie O. Shelnut, 86, of Benton died July 8, 2013. She was born April 15, 1927, in Delight to the late Mate and Mettie Pipkins. She retired from the Benton Services Center and was of the Baptist faith. In addition to her parents, she was preceded by her husband, Hershel A. Shelnut; one son, Russell A. Shelnut; four brothers and two sisters. She is survived by a son, Dowayne Shelnut and wife Diane of Benton; three grandsons, Eric Shelnut and wife Stacye, Kirk Shelnut and Jason Shelnut; and eight great-grandchildren.


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Tizen OS!
Posted 21 March 2013 - 06:14 PM
Posted 27 March 2013 - 11:46 PM
Posted 28 March 2013 - 12:02 AM
Posted 28 March 2013 - 12:15 AM
Devices: Samsung Galaxy S4 i9505 & Huawei Ascend G300 | Powered by the AMD FX 8350 CPU - 8 Core 4Ghz - 4.2GHz
I'm participating in the Big Bang Fair in Birmingham next month, so if you'd care to have a look at my project, click here
If you enjoy my work, give me a +1
Posted 28 March 2013 - 12:24 AM
And why should you be courteous rather than be natural and speak your mind?
Good insult BTW. "Acts like a moron" isn't actually calling anyone a moron No warning for you!
Posted 28 March 2013 - 06:40 AM
Posted 28 March 2013 - 07:02 AM
Posted 28 March 2013 - 07:19 AM
Absolutely. It's foolish to think that other people should have the same skill set as yourself, yet 99% of technical people suffer from that affliction.Maybe they expect others to know as much as they do and can't understand why some people can't grasp the simplest of things. That's probably why tech company's don't have devs on customer support.
I don't think Daz intends to be rude. He doesn't suffer fools gladly/ he doesn't let foolish questions go unpunished. And he'll be rude in return if someone is rude to him.
Some people just don't seem to possess simple courtesy. I think non English speakers seem to fall into that trap unwittingly, so it's maybe a little unfair on them. It is frustrating though getting questions that have been answered many times over again, and you wonder how a person will understand if they didn't before.
And then threads get so full of this crap that people feel the need to repeat questions because they don't have the time to search through all of the posts.
Edited by fr0do, 28 March 2013 - 07:50 AM.
Posted 28 March 2013 - 07:57 AM
Posted 28 March 2013 - 08:00 AM
Posted 01 April 2013 - 09:44 PM
Posted 01 April 2013 - 11:08 PM
Posted 02 April 2013 - 12:36 PM
Abusive or insulting posts will result in a warning.
You can follow me on Twitter - http://twitter.com/paulobrien / Follow MoDaCo on Twitter - http://twitter.com/modaco
Want to donate? MoDaCo is raising money for the Multiple Sclerosis society.
Posted 03 May 2013 - 08:49 AM
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Julia Roberts - The Things They Say 22957
"She invited him home but Bez actually got on more with Evil, her bodyguard. Bez was just... Evil was just so cool. He didn't know who Julia Roberts was." Happy Mondays star Shaun Ryder reveals his bandmate Bez unwittingly snubbed the Hollywood actress in the early days of her career.


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The Cuyahoga County Department of Public Works announced Wednesday that E. 9th Street, from Euclid to Prospect, will re-open ahead of schedule. Cleveland City Officials promise the road will be open by 3:00 p.m. Thursday.
That section of E. 9th Street closed early Monday morning, August 12.
This closure was necessary due to the continuing work associated with the rehabilitation and repaving of the E. 9th Street corridor.
Until Thursday afternoon, traffic will continue to be detoured via Euclid Avenue, East 14th Street, and Prospect Avenue.
The Department of Public Works urges patience and caution when traveling within this construction zone. Motorists are encouraged to ride the RTA or carpool through OhioRideshare during these restrictions.
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Menomena, "Mines"
It's rare when every member of a band can claim both vocal and instrumental contributions to an album, and even more rare when each contributor is exceptionally talented. Portland, Ore., rock trio Menomena's latest album, "Mines," contains a smattering of experimental rock tracks agreeable even to those who wouldn't normally indulge in the genre. But the music still tests boundaries, especially with the use of a self-programmed computer program in the recording process. Justin Harris sings, "You're 5-foot-5, not a hundred pounds/ I'm scared to death of every single ounce" on opener "Queen Black Acid," a mellow gem that exercises a few of the album's common themes: desolation and relationship complexities. The set's laid-back rock feel with a punchy beat is embodied on the track "Tithe," where Menomena also captures soulful, ethereal vocals reminiscent of TV on the Radio's Tunde Adebimpe.
Questions? Comments? Let us know: @billboard


text: TCC Learning CentreFrom procedures and human anatomy to the history of aesthetic treatments and more - just about everything and anything you need to know about the field of cosmetic surgery can be found right here. We've scoured textbooks, encyclopedias, the internet, interviewed our doctors and drilled the medical staff to amass, what we hope to be one of the biggest resources on the internet. Just so that we can provide as much information as possible to you, our visitor. Can't find what you're looking for? You may find it in the near future, as we add more information every month. Click on any of the links below to find out more!AgingAll About Anesthesia and SurgeryAbout BOTOX®About Latisse®BreastsPhysicians Focusing on Cosmetic SurgeryCosmetic Surgery in SocietyEarsThe FaceFat and CelluliteHairSkin and Cosmetic Treatments for the SkinThe Signs of Cosmetic SurgeryTechnologyToronto and Local InformationWeight Loss and ClothingExternal Resources & Sites


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Here is the theatrical trailer for my new film, Not Easily Broken, starring Morris Chestnut and Taraji Henson. The movie will open nationwide on January 9, 2009. I hope to see you all in the audience when it opens!
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Jay7 - 8:09 pm on Aug 15, 2011 (gmt 0)
I'm in a similar situation. Here's what I do:
1. Write all content in British English since I am based in the UK.
2. Wrap all words with different spelling in spans with a special class, e.g.: "Upload your CV"
4. Use a simple jQuery script to rewrite all words with different spelling if language in the browser is EN-US, EN-CA, etc. so the US, CA (etc.) visitors see "Upload your Resume" instead.
I admit it does slow down the site by a fraction of a second but it limits the number of confused users. I'm not a native speaker of English but I believe CV in the USA, Canada, Australia (etc.) means a different thing from CV in Europe.


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Philosophy/European Philosophy
MA (Hons)
Ever wondered: what is time? Does my cat think? Is censorship ever justified? Explore these questions and more with one of our Philosophy courses. Examine your own beliefs and put them to the test as you investigate the views of some of the most important thinkers in the history of Western thought.
We offer MA degrees both in Philosophy and in European Philosophy (where you specialise in continental thinkers such as Sartre, Derrida and Foucault).
Why study Philosophy at Dundee?
Philosophy involves being open to new and different responses to familiar and unfamiliar questions. If you ever find yourself thinking about big questions beyond everyday experience - questions that may never have a single, final answer - then you would probably enjoy studying philosophy.
Dundee is unique in Scotland in offering a specialisation in Continental Philosophy through our degree in European Philosophy - where you'll encounter the most exciting thinkers over the last 100 years (such as Nietzsche, Sartre, Foucault, and Deleuze).
We explore how philosophy is important to real-world concerns and contemporary issues by:
- drawing on films and artworks in our lectures
- discussing important scientific developments
- debating controversial ethical issues
- looking at how texts written three hundred years ago can be relevant to political situations today
You will be encouraged to make links between philosophy and other disciplines, such as politics, literature, film, the environment, psychology, and computer science. Specialist modules and independent study options will help you to explore philosophically the topics of special interest to you.
What's so good about Philosophy at Dundee?
Philosophy at Dundee has the highest number of specialist researchers and teachers on Nietzsche, existentialism, phenomenology and recent French and German philosophy in Scotland.
Our course ties Modern European philosophy to concrete, practical, and everyday questions-such as ethics, technology, economics, communication, work and art.
Student society
The Philosophy Society is a thriving student-led group that meets regularly in term-time to listen to invited speakers and debate important philosophical questions.
Seminars, workshops and conferences
As a student with us, you will be able to attend the Philosophy research seminars, where you will hear papers by visiting international speakers working in some of the most exciting areas of contemporary philosophy. You will also be able to attend the interdisciplinary School of Humanities research seminars.
As you progress to Honours, you will be encouraged to attend workshops and conferences hosted by the staff and postgraduate students in Philosophy: recent events have examined issues in contemporary ethics, in philosophy and science, and in philosophy and art, and have investigated the work of key thinkers in contemporary European philosophy.
Field trips
Optional field trips to museums, archives and art galleries are also a regular feature, as we encourage you to link your philosophical studies to a broader cultural and social context.
Degree Combinations
- MA Philosophy and English
- MA Philosophy and European Studies
- MA Philosophy and Film
- MA Philosophy and History
- MA Philosophy and International Relations
- MA Philosophy and Politics
- MA Philosophy and Psychology
Degree combinations with a language (choose from French, German, or Spanish):
- MA Philosophy with one language
- MA European Philosophy with one language
- MA Philosophy and European Languages (two languages)
- MA Philosophy and English with one language
- MA Philosophy and European Studies with one language
- MA Philosophy and History with one language
- MA Philosophy and International Relations with one language
- MA Philosophy and Politics with one language
Related Courses at Dundee
Teaching & Assessment
This course is taught by the Philosophy team based in the School of Humanities.
A philosophy degree provides you with intellectual and perceptual skills which are an advantage in the pursuit of any professional career.
Studying philosophy will allow you to:
- Identify and explain the underlying issues in all kinds of debate.
- Read closely and become sensitive to arguments from a variety of sources and traditions.
- Offer clear and rigorous critical responses to arguments.
- Summarise and assess points of view which are not your own.
- Learn the self-discipline required for independent research.
Employers recognise that these skills are highly transferable. They mark out independent and thoughtful individuals.
As well as continuing to postgraduate study, recent graduates have gone on to work in publishing, social work, education, librarianship, the music industry, local councils and the civil service.
Postgraduate Study
If you wish to continue your studies in Philosophy, we offer a number of postgraduate Philosophy courses.
Entry Requirements
The following are the minimum requirements, please note qualifications have to be obtained at the first sitting of examinations.
Please note that the entry requirements in our printed prospectus may be subject to change. The entry requirements listed below are up to date and should be referred to in case of any discrepancy.
Courses starting September 2014
Level 1 entry
Qualification | Grade |
SQA Higher | BBBB (minimum) AABB (typical) |
GCE A-Level | BCC (minimum) BBB (typical) |
ILC Higher | AABB |
IB Diploma | 30 points (including 5, 5, 5 at Higher Level) |
Essential Subjects | None, but see requirements for other Joint Honours subjects |
EU & International | Visit our EU and International webpages for entry requirements tailored to your home country |
Advanced Entry (to Level 2)
Qualification | Grade |
SQA Advanced Higher | AB (Advanced Higher) + BB (Higher) in different subjects |
GCE A-Level | ABB |
IB Diploma | 34 points (including 6, 6, 5 at Higher Level) |
Essential Subjects | None, but see requirements for other Joint Honours subjects |
Other Qualifications
Qualification | Grade |
SQA | A relevant HNC with grade B in the Graded Unit (Level 1 entry) A relevant HND with grade BB in the Graded Units (Level 2 entry) |
Scottish Baccalaureate | Pass with CC at Advanced Higher (Level 1 entry) Distinction with AB at Advanced Higher (Level 2 entry) |
SWAP Access Programmes | Relevant subjects with ABB grades to include English Literature/Language at SCQF Level 6 and Communication 4 plus Literature 1 (Level 1 entry) |
EDEXCEL | A relevant BTEC Extended Diploma
with DDM (Level 1 entry) A relevant BTEC Extended Diploma with DDD (Level 2 entry) |
Advanced Diploma | Grade B with ASL-A Level at B (Level 1 entry) Grade A with ASL-A Level at B (Level 2 entry) |
Welsh Baccalaureate | Pass with A Levels at BB (Level 1 entry) Pass with A Levels at AA (Level 2 entry) |
European Baccalaureate | 70% overall with 7 in English (Level 1 entry) |
Entry to English Literature courses requires Higher at B, A-Level at C or equivalent in English/English Literature. | |
Applicants with alternative overseas qualifications should visit the relevant country page on our International website. |
Joint Honours Degrees
For details of typical entry requirements for joint honours degrees, please visit the relevant webpage for the other subject.
English Language Pre-Sessional Programmes
We offer Pre-Sessional programmes and Foundation Programme(s) which are designed to prepare you for university study, the 24 week and 10 week programmes provide additional English Language tuition for students who do not meet our minimum English Language requirements by up to 1.0 IELTS and 0.5 IELTS respectively. Successful completion of these programmes guarantees progression to various degrees at the University of Dundee as long as you hold a relevant offer. The 30 week (one Academic Year) Foundation Programme(s) allow applicants who have not met our typical academic entry requirements, and require additional English Language support by up to 1.0 to 1.5 IELTS, to gain the necessary qualifications to enter the University of Dundee degree programmes in the following year.
Fees and Funding
There have been many changes to the arrangements for funding students entering higher education in recent years, yet a degree from the University of Dundee, with its high rate of employment success, remains a cost-effective option.
The fees you pay will, in most cases, depend on your current country of residence.
The fee shown is annual, and may be subject to an increase each year.
Fee category | Fees for students starting September 2014 |
Scottish students | £1,820 per year of study. You can apply to the Students Award Agency for Scotland (SAAS) to have your tuition fees paid by the Scottish government. |
Students from the rest of the UK | £9,000 per year, for a maximum of 3 years, even if you are studying a four year degree. You can apply for financial assistance, including a loan to cover the full cost of the tuition fees, from the Student Loan Company. |
EU students | £1,820 per year of study. You can apply to the Students Award Agency for Scotland (SAAS) to have your tuition fees paid by the Scottish government. |
Overseas students (non-EU) | £10,700 per year of study. |
Scholarships and Bursaries
Fee category | Scholarships & Bursaries applicable |
Scottish students | |
Students from the rest of the UK | |
EU students | |
Overseas students (non-EU) |
Living Costs
- Dundee is ranked as one of the most affordable places for students to live in the UK, and the cost of living is around 15% cheaper than the UK average.
- Increasing numbers of students are successfully undertaking part-time work to supplement their income. You can get advice from our Careers Service, both about job opportunities and how to find a suitable study/work/life balance. EU and international students are also allowed to work up to 20 hours per week.
- As a student in Scotland, you have free access to the National Health Service. Visits to doctors and hospitals, as well as prescriptions, sight tests and dental checkups, are available free of charge.
Your Application
All applications must be made through UCAS
UCAS Codes
Institution Code: D65
Degree | UCAS Codes | KIS data |
MA Philosophy | V500 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA European Philosophy | V501 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA European Philosophy with French | VR51 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA European Philosophy with German | VR52 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA European Philosophy with Spanish | VR54 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and English | QV35 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and European Studies | RV85 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and Film | VP53 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and History | VV15 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and International Relations | VL5G |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and Politics | LV25 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy and Psychology | CV85 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy with French | V5R1 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy with German | V5R2 |
View KIS data for this course |
MA Philosophy with Spanish | V5R4 |
View KIS data for this course |
UCAS Application Process
International Applicants
We have information specifically for international applicants on our International website:
- Your Home Country - including information about qualifications from individual countries
- Fees and Funding
- English Language Requirements
- International Student Support
What skills, qualities and experience do I need?
The Dundee MA degrees follow the distinctive pattern of many Scottish universities by offering a broad-based education that requires you to study a number of different subjects in Levels 1 and 2 (Level 2 only for Advanced Entry Honours degrees). You do not have to finalise your choice of degree course until you are better able to appreciate both the nature of the subjects you are studying and the relationships between them. However, you must make an initial choice of course on the application form and we would expect you to provide some evidence of your enthusiasm for your chosen course and details of any relevant experience.
We use a range of learning methods at Dundee: you will be expected to respond to the information and advice provided by academic staff, especially in lectures; to prepare for and participate in tutorial discussion or to work in practical classes; to work individually or in groups on set assignments such as essays and projects; and to 'read round' the subject. Consequently, we are looking for evidence that you are capable of working systematically, of responding to the guidance of your teachers, and that you have both the ability and enthusiasm to successfully complete a degree programme.
If you wish to study Philosophy or European Philosophy at Dundee, it would be advantageous for you to be able to indicate to us that you are willing to think critically about a range of issues; that you are willing to tackle challenging texts; that you are interested in thinking about (and discussing) the 'big questions' beyond everyday experience; and that you have an open mind to different sides of an argument. Clearly, you might find it difficult to provide 'hard evidence' of any of this directly in your application, but your statement and your referee's report might provide an indication that you are willing to engage in thinking of this kind.
Tips for your application
What is important to us, in your application, is the evidence provided by the grades you have attained, or are predicted to attain, in your examinations, along with whatever you and your referee can point to indicating both your special interest in any of our subject areas, and your general liveliness of mind.
Your personal statement is an opportunity to say why you should be offered a place to study in Dundee. We are looking for applicants with an ability to express opinions clearly with reasoned support and evidence, who are open to critical guidance, and who have a commitment to high standards of achievement in all they do. These qualities can be demonstrated through academic attainment, paid or voluntary work, and extra-curricular activities of all kinds.
Referees should concisely indicate your analytical abilities, communication skills, capacity for academic work, and commitment to your studies. We will be interested to hear about examples of initiative, leadership, and any evidence of organisational skills. Indicators of a positive outlook and engagement with social and cultural activities will be welcome, as will an assessment of your potential to develop in the university environment.
We will consider applications to one or more MA courses at Dundee: each application will be considered on its merits. We are looking for applicants who either have achieved, or will achieve, the published requirements in terms of Highers, Advanced Highers, A-Levels or acceptable alternative qualifications.
Advanced Entry Honours Degree
It is possible to study for most of our honours degrees in 3 years if you have the required grades and subjects as listed in the Entry Requirements section. There are definite advantages to considering this route as the time needed to study is reduced by one year which enables you to start working and earning earlier.
Any questions?
If you have any further questions about the application process, please contact:
Home / EU applicants
Undergraduate Admissions
Admissions & Student Recruitment
University of Dundee
Telephone: 01382 388074/ 388585/ 384370 (from the UK)
Telephone: +44 1382 01382 388074/ 388585/ 384370 (from outside the UK)
Contact Us
International applicants
International Office
Admissions & Student Recruitment
University of Dundee
Telephone: 01382 388 111 (from the UK)
Telephone: +44 1382 388 111 (from outside the UK)
Contact Us


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Mark Fife
Age: 30's
Lost son in freak accident; hears a story from a neighbor invovling his son's ghost calling for him.


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5 weeks 6 days
Blog Posts Tagged "turbidites"
Core on the floor...
Submitted by James Bendle on Sun, 01/24/2010 - 00:40
The picture above shows Stephanie Carr (the microbiolgist and other organic geochemist onboard) and me looking happy with the cores coming up from our current (the 2nd) core site.
Unexpected results... are good results!!!
Submitted by Helder Pereira on Mon, 12/12/2011 - 13:15
During the last week we successfully drilled the first site on the Gulf of Cadiz, just around 30 km southeast of Faro.
What Are The Cores Revealing: Week 2 Science
Submitted by Teresa Greely on Fri, 03/23/2012 - 01:14
The main objective of our core sampling was to characterize the eruptive history of Montserrat back to the early beginnings of this island (~2.6 million years ago), based on the marine sediments and tephra (pyroclastic deposits from explosive volcanism) layers cored at this site. During week 2 of Expedition 340 we finished our drilling operations around the island of Montserrat.


text:
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Natural Max, Skinny Fruits, Slimming Cleanse, 90 Veggie Caps
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- Product Code: NMX-97785
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- Package Quantity: 90 Veggie Caps
- Dimensions: 2.8 x 2.8 x 5.2 in, 0.25 lbs (0.11 kg)
- Expiration Date: Apr 2016
Product Overview
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Nintendo DS
This page contains Spectrobes Unlockables for Nintendo DS called "Rewards From the Giant Vortexes" and has been posted or updated on Oct 3, 2007 by callster07. Let us know what you think of this Unlockable by thumbs voting.
- Developer: Jupiter Corporation
- Publisher: Disney Interactive Studios
- Genre: Role-Playing Action RPG
- Release Date: Mar 6, 2007
- ESRB: Everyone
Rewards From the Giant Vortexes
To unlock the vortexes which award Geos, you must first beat the game. To win the prize, you must complete all of the rounds in the sequence.
Unlockable: | How to Unlock: |
Cyclone Geo | Complete Daichi Area 1 vortex |
Evolve Mineral | Complete Nessa Area 2 vortex |
Hammer Geo | Complete Nessa Area 3 vortex |
Ice Geo | Complete Himuro vortex |
Plasma Geo | Complete Ziba Area 3 vortex |
Thunder Geo | Complete Ziba Area 2 vortex |
Wing Geo | Complete Meido vortex |
More Unlockables
Back to all Cheats
Stuck on this game? Set a specific, clearly defined question and let others answer your question or view answers to previously asked questions. If you think you are an Spectrobes expert then please try to help others with their questions.
Troublesome white screen
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text:
CORPUS CHRISTI — A motel. A storage unit. The beach. The middle of a field.
All have been home this year to makeshift methamphetamine labs, which Corpus Christi police say they are seeing more now than ever.
Just last week, authorities acting on a Crime Stoppers tip raided a hotel room and found lighter fluid, hydrogen peroxide, Drano and other components used to manufacture the drug, but no methamphetamine. Two people were questioned and the investigation is continuing.
"Meth is getting to be one of the most popular drugs in Texas," Capt. John Houston said. "We see it more, it's more on the radar today than it's been in the past."
And it's not just small local labs, police also must contend with the constant influx of pure crystal methamphetamine coming in from huge labs in Mexico, where the individual components used to make the drug such as pseudoephedrine found in cold medications aren't regulated as much as they are here, Cmdr. David Torres said.
Since 2005, Texas has limited the amount of pseudoephedrine that can be purchased and required identification when buying it. That, police say, has made it difficult for people to sustain large, permanent meth labs.
The number of that type of meth lab went down every year in Texas between 2003 and 2007, according to the Drug Enforcement Administration. The number 677 found in 2003 to 79 in 2007. After that there was a slight increase to 112 in 2008, the most recent year for which statistics are available.
Methamphetamine sold in Corpus Christi is going for about $100 a gram, Torres said. That makes the idea of small, mobile labs attractive.
In a mobile lab, someone who knows how to produce methamphetamine through a cooking process can make as many as 12 grams in about six hours, Houston said. The components cost less than $100, officials said. "It follows a market trend the way any other commodity would," Torres said. "When supply is up, the cost is down."
Torres said the $100 per gram price is a great indicator of that, because methamphetamine cost far more just last year, although he doesn't recall exactly how much more.
In May, detectives from the department's Criminal Investigation Division recovered about 18 pounds, or about $800,000 worth of methamphetamine from a home on Allencrest Drive. That amount, Torres said, likely came from Mexico and is tied to gang activity.
Smugglers from Mexico now ship more methamphetamine than marijuana because of the high demand for the drug, Houston said. He said there are more people addicted to methamphetamine here than any other drug except illegally obtained prescription drugs.
"The drug cartels are converting to meth because of higher profitability. This is all about making money," Torres said. "As long as we have users and a manufacturing hub 150 miles away, we're going to be right in the middle of it."
With 90 percent of the drug trade controlled by gang members, Torres said authorities are up against tough odds, but are making progress. Torres said that's partly because more community members are reporting suspicious activity and also because it was made a priority when Chief Troy Riggs joined the department last fall.
"He instituted goals of going after narcotics and gang activity. It is bringing the department together and it is galvanizing the community. We don't have more money, we don't have more manpower. We've just decided to make this our focus, and we've got three times the call volume of community-based tips," Torres said.
-- It is made up of a number of drugs, including pseudoephedrine, which increases alertness, physical activity, heart rate and blood pressure, and decreases appetite. The drug increases the release of dopamine, which stimulates brain cells, enhancing mood and energy level.
-- Meth has become the most dangerous drug problem of small-town America. Traffickers make and distribute the drug in some of our country's most rural areas. In smaller towns, 12- to 14-year-olds are 104 percent more likely to use meth than those who live in larger cities.
-- Meth is a powerfully addictive and violent drug. Its use can result in fatal kidney and lung disorders, brain damage, liver damage, chronic depression, paranoia, and other physical and mental disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that meth causes more damage to the brain than alcohol, heroin or cocaine.
-- The chemicals used to make meth are toxic, and the lab operators routinely dump waste into streams, rivers, fields and sewage systems. The chemical vapors produced during cooking permeate the walls and carpets of houses and buildings, making them uninhabitable. Cleaning up these sites requires specialized training and costs an average of $2,000-$4,000 per site.
SOURCE: Drug Enforcement Administration


text:
I have ordered a few times now from Cult Pens and always receive prompt and efficient service. Probably the best service I have ever experienced on line. I find their range fascinating and even when only looking for one item find myself browsing the new products and being tempted to purchase 'just one or two other essentials I didn't know I needed". Beware....its seriously addicitive!
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(FILES) Picture taken on March 6, 2014 shows Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank, ECB during a press conference in Frankfurt am Main, central Germany. The European Central Bank appears to be increasingly on the defensive, stepping up efforts this week to counter criticism of complacency after it held interest rates steady again in March 2014. AFP PHOTO / DANIEL ROLANDDANIEL ROLAND/AFP/Getty Images
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Project by Paula Perry | posted 228 days ago | 1399 views | 12 times favorited | 12 comments |
Tongue drums ate really cool noise maker/ instrument, depends how good you play. Lol I made the top from walnut, needs to be a hard wood for correct sound, the box is pine, the sticks are made from wood and bouncy balls(nit shown) I cut the slits with the jig saw and glued it all together. Will probably make more for the other kids.
-- Florida50
Pin It |
12 comments so far
#1 posted 228 days ago |
Keep saying I'm gona make one of these for the GKs but haven't yet. Is there a specific pattern for the top? -- Dewayne in Bainbridge, Ga. - - No one can make you mad. Only you decide when you get mad - - |
#2 posted 228 days ago |
Awesome! -- Robert B. Sabina, Ohio..... http://www.etsy.com/shop/WoodenfrogWoodenProd |
#3 posted 228 days ago |
i dont think there is any special way to do the top except that the slits all have to be the same thicknes and same distance from the edge, this is the one i used -- Florida50 |
#4 posted 228 days ago |
Very cool project, not ever seen an instrument like that before…well done. -- Dave.......Keep calm and make more sawdust.... |
#5 posted 228 days ago |
thanks, if you google them you will find they are very commonand fairly easy to make. -- Florida50 |
#6 posted 228 days ago |
Looks good -- Dreaming patterns |
#7 posted 227 days ago |
Interesting pattern -- Ivan, Croatia, Wooddicted |
#8 posted 226 days ago |
This is really neat. One o these days I need to make a few o these for a few Grndkiddos. -- Roger from KY. Work/Play/Travel Safe. email@example.com |
#9 posted 225 days ago |
It looks good, very nice pattern and the walnut top is gorgeous. I'm sure the kids will have a blast. Great job! |
#10 posted 225 days ago |
Thanks all, they are pretty easy to make, just a lot of sanding between the slits, and a simple box . And kids love them, and I've seen some adults play them on YouTube! Lol -- Florida50 |
#11 posted 200 days ago |
Very nice looking instrument. Do you make your own mallets? If so, what material do you use. -- Max - Birmingham, AL |
#12 posted 200 days ago |
yes i do make my own mallets, i buy cheap dollar store high bounce balls and put them on 1/4-1/2'' wood dowel from craft store, cut about 12" long. -- Florida50 |
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Cerruti Image Eau De Toilette Pour Homme 50ml/uk
Related Reviews All positive and negative remarks are generated from dooyooCommunity reviews |
Cerruti Image Eau de Toilette: A whole new Image
Overall opinion: Negative Positive remark: None Negative remark: The SmellThis fragrance is both crisp fresh, and somewhat fruity, sweet and very youthful, Image by Cerruti is not a new fragrance, but carrys itself well. |
Cerruti Image Eau de Toilette: Head in the clouds.
Overall opinion: Positive Positive remark: As is so important for a fragrance, it will lift your spirits and make you feel good all day. Negative remark: This a very sweet, although not sickley sweet, fragrance with overtones of blueberry. |
Cerruti Si Eau de Toilette: Si senior
Overall opinion: Positive Positive remark: Cerruti SiI like my cerutti, and was well pleased when they brought a new brand out, Si, pronsee, I never liked 1881, and after getting it I never wanted too know about anymore of their products, Cerutti Image, sorted there Image out there, 1881 was a big hitter, but I just didnt take too it. Negative remark: Bottlethe top is a wooden, rosewood block, what kind of rosewood, Im not sure, the 90 ml bottle is a bulky big thing, and is rectangular in shape, I dont like the design, but its whats inside that matters to me. |


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The son Cornelius Q. Bright is my line. Cornelius Q. was in the War between the States, may have been a prisoner, walked home from the Camp. From memory, a Bright married a Geneva Francis Kelley. More later.
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Soundboz is not one to inspire confidence. He is, however, adapt at inspiring flatulence.
Rydalia has a mouth as clean as a hospital, so feel free to throw up blood there.
Chromis thinks infomercials about setting and forgetting are the best thing since sliced bacon, which he eats everyday.
Braincloud and his tools aren't allowed anywhere near me
caucASIAN made this, but frankly I was too lazy to read it. I sure hope it's funny and not some attack on my character.
Top 10 Billionaires in the World? Most Powerful People in Tech? We've seen lists just like these for decades now. Recent features like Best Billionaires Under 40 have attempted to shake things up by getting more specific, but they need to go even further.
RT mobile games reviewer Jeff Glukhov quits RT after being forced to give pro-Russian reviews to various iPhone and Android games.
James Callis delivers easily the best-worst Merlin performance of the last 500 years.
These cartoons make a lot more sense now, thanks to these straight-shooting captions from the Goons!
Kurt Cobain and gang finally learn the truth behind Morton Downey's evil scheme.
Photoshop Phriday showcases the tremendous image manipulation talents of the Something Awful Forum Goons. Each week they tackle a new theme, parodying movies, video games, comics, history, and anything else you can think of. If you want in on the action, join us on the Something Awful Forums!
Copyright ©2014 Rich "Lowtax" Kyanka & Something Awful LLC.


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Home - Destinations - iPhone/Android - Partners - Forum - Photos - Deals - What's New |
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L to R R to L Alpha |
DescriptionThis is one of the most obvious lines out here and a very fun route. It follows a vertical crack for 4 pitches. This route is in the shade all day. Protectionstandard rack


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Winn-Dixie8550 Argyle Business Loop, # 86, Jacksonville, FL 32244http://www.winn-dixie.com
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Kim Kardashian wants Khloe's marriage to work out
Los Angeles, Aug 29 : Socialite Kim Kardashian wants the best for her younger sister Khloe Kardashian, and she hopes the latter's marriage to basketball player Lamar Odom, works out.
Khloe and Lamar's four-year-old marriage hit a rocky patch when he was accused of infidelity and it was revealed that the basketball player had taken to drugs again.
While some reports suggest that divorce is imminent, Kim wants Khloe and Lamar to sort out their differences.
"She only wants what's best for Khloe ... (Kim) would like to see them work it out," eonline.com quoted a source as saying.
"She knows how much they love each other. Everyone in the family feels divorce should be the last option," the source added.
Kim, who has been married twice before, is currently in relationship with rapper Kanye West. She gave birth to their first child June 15.
--IANS (Posted on 29-08-2013)
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When the Economic Policy Institute released a budget calculator last month to help estimate the income families need to live modestly, I could not resist entering our statistics. As a young family of four living in the pricey San Francisco Bay Area, we are constantly juggling our monthly expenses.
After plugging in our information, I was stunned. The rent estimate was half what we pay, the grocery stipend looked like a typo, and the child-care cost was a fantasy. In the Berkeley-Oakland area, rents vary wildly around the $1,361 the institute averages for housing, from the working flats where we live to the mansions in the hills. We can shop for groceries at the farmers' market, the neighborhood store or the chain supermarket — but they are all comparably expensive. The institute calculates $953 for monthly child care, while our reality is closer to $2,000 for part-time preschool for my daughter and a part-time nanny share for our son.
Although I had never thought of my husband and myself as gratuitous spenders, these numbers both angered and shamed me. Were the expenses we considered necessities really excessive luxuries? Or was there was a huge disconnect between the E.P.I.'s numbers and economic reality?
Families pay a lot to stay in the city, which is why so many leave. Young families typically flee for the suburbs or more reasonably priced towns, and in the Bay Area, they often travel from San Francisco to the east and south bays, to even more remote cities and towns far beyond the metropolitan area.
There are also those who stay. Since my husband and I work in San Francisco with frequent evening obligations, we must live close to work. We also love our diverse, vibrant community. But this loyalty is constantly tested by persistently high crime rates, rising rents and uneven public school systems.
Read more…


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Cecilia Dress
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Posted December 13, 2012 on
The Reds and GM Walt Jocketty have been very active this offseason capped off by the deal to bring in leadoff hitter Shin-Soo Choo from the Indians. One day later it was announced that another Indian, free agent infielder Jack Hannahan, will join the Reds for 2013. Cincinnati had a need to add infield depth after the completion of the contracts with veterans Cario, Valdez, and Rolen.
Original Story:
A Letter to Drew Stubbs
Reds Make Genius Moves; What Does This Mean for Billy Hamilton?
Hannahan and Reds finalize 2-year contract
Recapping the crazy week of the Reds
Reds Injury News: Scott Rolen May Be Back
Jocketty Baker-proofs Reds' 2013 lineup
Reds add bench depth by inking free agent Jack Hannahan
The Shin-Soo Choo Experiment
Reds sign infielder Jack Hannarah
Reds First Opponent Signs Former Red, Makes Biggest Move of Off-Season
Reds On Verge Of Landing Choo
Shin-Soo Choo a Nice Addition to Reds, But Indians Poised to Be Big Winners of Three-Way Trade
Cleveland Indians Trade Shin Soo Choo to the Reds
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New User!
Coral Road
By: Garrett Hongo , Jon KrakauereBook Publisher: Random House
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Garrett Hongo's long-awaited third collection of poems is a beautiful, elegiac gathering of his Japanese-American ancestors in their Hawaiian landscape and a testament to the power of poetry, as it brings their marginalized yet heroic narratives into the realm of art.
In Coral Road Hongo explores the history of the impermanent homeland his ancestors found on the island of O'ahu after their immigration from southern Japan, and meditates on the dramatic tales of the islands. In sumptuous narrative poems he takes up strands of family stories and what he calls "a long legacy of silence" about their experience as contract laborers along the North Shore of the island. In the opening sequence, he brings to life the story of his great-grandparents fleeing from one plantation to another, finding their way by moonlight along coral roads and railroad tracks. As his grandmother, a girl of ten with an infant on her back, traverses "twelve-score stands of cane / chittering like small birds, nocturnal harpies in the feral constancies of wind," Hongo asks, "Where is the Virgil who might lead me through the shallow underworld of this history?" In fact, it is Hongo who guides himself—and us—as, in these devoted acts of recollection, he seeks to dispel the dislocation at the center of his legacy.
The love of art—making beauty in however provisional a culture—has clearly been a guiding principle in Hongo's poetry. In this content-rich verse, Hongo hearkens to and delivers "the luminous and the anecdotal," bringing forth a complete aesthetic experience from the shards that make up a life.
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text:
Rob Zombie isn't really for RTS's, unless the RTS is about Doom, that is (Consult me before taking that awesome idea, I'll probably support it).
Anyways, while any kind of industrial mix (not flat industrial) is good for RTS's in general, most fitting of all would simply be Warfare, it's from C&C, and it works with C&C. It kinda fits with the frantic pace of the video too.


text:
The Forgotten Rachels (Video)
Latest update: September 3rd, 2012
While the news this week will be about Rachel Corrie, many have forgotten all the Jewish Rachels who have been killed by Palestinian terrorists.
Here is a short video to remind you who they were and how they were murdered.
About the Author:
If you don't see your comment after publishing it, refresh the page.
Our comments section is intended for meaningful responses and debates in a civilized manner. We ask that you respect the fact that we are a religious Jewish website and avoid inappropriate language at all cost.
5 Responses to "The Forgotten Rachels (Video)"
Why was Rachele Druk, mother of 7, from Shiloh left out?
ורחל וייס הי"ד שנשרפה עם שלושת ילדיה באוטובוס ב 1988?
good question!!
ושכחתם גם את רחל וייס שנשרפה עם שלושת ילדיה בשנת 1988 כאשר בקבוק תבערה הושלך על האוטובוס בו נסעה?
sad but true seems our blood is flowing far more than our conspirators does.


text:
The Acquisition of Interjections in Early Childhood
- Art: Magisterarbeit
- Autor: Ulrike Stange
- Abgabedatum: Juni 2008
- Umfang: 122 Seiten
- Dateigröße: 1,4 MB
- Note: 1,7
- Institution / Hochschule: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Deutschland
- Bibliografie: ca. 49
- ISBN (eBook): 978-3-8366-2481-7
ISBN (Paperback) :
978-3-8366-2481-7 P - Sprache: Englisch
- Prämierung:
- Arbeit zitieren: Stange, Ulrike Juni 2008: The Acquisition of Interjections in Early Childhood, Hamburg: Diplomica Verlag
- Schlagworte: Interjektion, Spracherwerb, language acquisition, childhood, Kindheit
In den Warenkorb
58,00 €
Magisterarbeit von Ulrike Stange
The question of how and if children acquire language has long been of perennial interest: is language innate or not? If it is, what then is the proto-language? The first phylogenetic 'study' was conducted as early as the 7th century BC: pharaoh Psammetich I. undertook to determine what the proto-language is by giving two infants to a foster father who was not allowed to talk to them. After two years of no linguistic input they could only speak one word – 'bek' – which was assumed to be the Phrygian word for bread (bekos). In the 16th century Akbar the Great initiated the first ontogenetic study. By having two infants raised by a mute woman he proved that children do not learn to speak if they do not hear anyone speak. Since then ample questions concerning first language acquisition have been faced and replied to in detail and at great length. Yet, there are still some left unanswered or even unasked. One of the topics that have not been of great interest so far is the acquisition of interjections not only in first language but also in foreign language learning.
In fact, interjections play an important role in communicative as well as non-communicative contexts, and their actual linguistic value and role were underestimated and misjudged for quite a long time:
Interjections are among the most little studied of language phenomena; as one looks for references to them in the works of linguists, one is struck by the fact that they are very rarely mentioned, and where they are mentioned, it is usually only briefly and cursorily.
Only recently have linguists delved into the subject of interjections and discovered that this particular linguistic phenomenon provides in fact ample opportunity for study and research. Moreover, with the interest in interjections the problem arose to determine what actually defines an interjection. As we shall see, opinions on this point differ considerably and attempts at agreeing upon the definition of interjections have been unsuccessful so far. Yet, there are some general tendencies which will form the basis for how the term interjection is used in this paper, and discussion of this point will be postponed until part II.
Now, this M.A. thesis aims at gaining an insight into the acquisition of interjections in early childhood. This field has been neglected so far but merits in fact extensive and thorough inspection. This paper consists of three main parts, with the first two parts forming the basis for my study in part III.: in the first part I will provide a brief overview on child language acquisition, focussing particularly on phonological development. The second part consists of a theoretical disquisition on interjections to illustrate what characteristics they have and what peculiarities they show. In the third and final part I will come to my study on the acquisition of interjections in early childhood.
Table of Contents:
0. | Introduction | 1 |
I. | Part I. - Child Language Acquisition | 3 |
I.1 | Preliminary Remarks | 3 |
I.1.1 | Why Do We Learn to Speak at All? | 3 |
I.1.2 | Anatomic Implications | 4 |
I.2 | Basic Principles | 5 |
I.2.1 | The Neonate | 5 |
I.2.2 | First Vocalisations | 5 |
I.2.3 | The Babbling Period | 6 |
I.2.4 | Prosodics | 7 |
I.2.5 | Early Word Comprehension and Production | 8 |
I.3 | Phonology | 9 |
I.4 | Grammatical Acquisition | 13 |
I.5 | Semantics | 14 |
I.6 | Summary: Child Language Acquisition | 14 |
II. | Part II. - Interjections | 17 |
II.1 | What Is an Interjection? Approaches and Introduction | 17 |
II.2 | Brief Overview: History of the Study of Interjections | 18 |
II.3 | Primary and Secondary Interjections | 20 |
II.4 | Features of Interjections | 21 |
II.4.1 | Why Are There Similarities across Different Languages? | 21 |
II.4.1.1 | The Pooh-pooh Theory | 22 |
II.4.1.2 | Physiological Determinants | 23 |
II.4.1.3 | Formal Constraints | 24 |
II.4.2 | An Attempt at Classifying Interjections | 25 |
II.4.2.1 | Tesnière's Classification of Interjections | 26 |
II.4.2.2 | Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm's Classification of Interjections | 28 |
II.4.2.3 | Ameka's Classification of Interjections | 29 |
II.4.3 | Parameters of Interjectionality | 31 |
II.4.3.1 | Functional and Pragmatic Features | 32 |
II.220.127.116.11 | Emotivity and Expressiveness | 32 |
II.22.214.171.124 | Non-referentiality | 33 |
II.22.214.171.124 | The Role of Interjections in Speech Acts | 33 |
II.126.96.36.199 | Monologicity | 36 |
II.4.3.2 | Formal Features | 38 |
II.188.8.131.52 | Prosodic and Suprasegmental Characteristics | 40 |
II.22.214.171.124 | Phonotactics and Syllable Structure | 41 |
II.220.127.116.11 | Phonology | 42 |
II.4.3.3 | Orthography | 43 |
II.4.3.4 | Morphology | 44 |
II.4.3.5 | Lexical Structures | 44 |
II.4.3.6 | Syntax | 45 |
II.4.3.7 | Semiotic Structures | 47 |
II.4.3.8 | Semantic Properties | 48 |
II.4.3.9 | Summary: Features of Primary and Secondary Interjections | 54 |
II.4.3.10 | The Linguisticality of Interjections | 55 |
II.5 | Interjections in the English Language | 55 |
II.5.1 | Interjections of Disgust | 56 |
II.5.2 | Interjections Containing an Element of Surprise | 57 |
II.5.2.1 | Oh! | 57 |
II.5.2.2 | Wow! | 58 |
II.5.2.3 | Whoops! and Oops! | 58 |
II.5.3 | Interjections of Pain | 58 |
II.5.4 | Other Interjections | 58 |
II.6 | The Acquisition of Interjections | 60 |
III. | Part III. - Study: The Acquisition of Interjections in Early Childhood | 62 |
III.1 | Introductory Remarks | 62 |
III.1.1 | Definition of Interjections | 62 |
III.1.2 | Previous Studies | 66 |
III.1.3 | Purpose of Present Study | 66 |
III.2 | Criteria for Selection and Detailed Description of the Interjections for Analysis | 67 |
III.2.1 | Interjections of Pain | 68 |
III.2.1.1 | Function | 68 |
III.2.1.2 | Usage | 68 |
III.2.1.3 | Degree of Linguisticality | 70 |
III.2.1.4 | Origin | 70 |
III.2.1.5 | Form | 70 |
III.2.1.6 | Affiliation to Words and Phrases | 71 |
III.2.2 | Interjections of Disgust | 71 |
III.2.2.1 | Function | 71 |
III.2.2.2 | Usage | 72 |
III.184.108.40.206 | Ugh! | 72 |
III.18.104.22.168 | Yuck! | 73 |
III.188.8.131.52 | Phew! | 74 |
III.2.2.3 | Degree of Linguisticality | 75 |
III.2.2.4 | Origin | 75 |
III.2.2.5 | Form | 76 |
III.2.2.6 | Affiliation to Words and Phrases | 76 |
III.2.3 | "Spill Cries" | 78 |
III.2.3.1 | Function | 78 |
III.2.3.2 | Usage | 78 |
III.2.3.3 | Degree of Linguisticality | 79 |
III.2.3.4 | Origin | 79 |
III.2.3.5 | Form | 80 |
III.2.3.6 | Affiliation to Words and Phrases | 80 |
III.2.4 | Preliminary Thoughts and Hypotheses about the Outcome of My Study | 81 |
III.2.4.1 | Interjections of Pain | 81 |
III.2.4.2 | Interjections of Disgust | 81 |
III.2.4.3 | 'Spill Cries' | 82 |
III.3 | Database and Method | 82 |
III.3.1 | Source and Format of Data | 82 |
III.3.2 | Characteristics of Data | 82 |
III.3.3 | Method | 83 |
III.4 | Results | 84 |
III.4.1 | Interjections of Pain | 84 |
III.4.1.1 | Ow! | 84 |
III.4.1.2 | Ouch! | 93 |
III.4.2 | Interjections of Disgust | 94 |
III.4.2.1 | Ugh! | 94 |
III.4.2.2 | Yuck! | 96 |
III.4.2.3 | Phew! | 97 |
III.4.3 | 'Spill Cries' | 97 |
III.4.3.1 | Whoops! and Its Variants | 97 |
III.4.3.2 | Whoopsadaisy! and Its Variants | 102 |
III.5 | Discussion | 103 |
III.5.1 | Order of Acquisition | 103 |
III.5.2 | Uses and Their Developmental Change | 105 |
III.5.3 | Comparison of Study Results: Asano - Stange | 105 |
III.6 | For Further Study | 108 |
III.7 | Conclusion | 110 |
References | ||
Appendix | ||
App. 1 IPA symbols used to transcribe the speech sounds in this thesis | ||
App. 2 Reasons for the production of Ow! - interjectional usage only | ||
App. 3 Deutsche Zusammenfassung der Arbeit |
Text Sample:
Chapter II.4.1.1, The Pooh-pooh Theory:
Wundt claimed that primary interjections represent the transition from the imitation of animal sounds to language, i.e. from natural animal sounds to inarticulate exclamatory sounds to articulate emotional sounds. According to Wundt, language evolved in such a way that the articulate emotional sounds used to express moderate emotions were replaced step by step by language, and were henceforth used with intense emotions only Similarly, the interjectional theory – also nicknamed pooh-pooh theory – claims that 'language is derived from instinctive ejaculations called forth by pain or other intense sensations or feelings'. This theory was also put forward by the abbé Regnier, quoted in Beauzée: 'l'interjection … est peut-être la première voix articulée dont les hommes se sont servis'. Hence, interjections may open up the way for an ontogenetic and phylogenetic approach to the development of language.
Sapir, however, negates the possibility of interjections being instinctive: he claims that '(interjections) are only superficially of an instinctive nature' and that their phonetic shape is conventional – using this as evidence that 'all of language is conventional, and no part of it instinctive'. Jespersen's also objects to the Pooh-pooh theory but he bases his assumption on a different argument: he maintains that 'the usual interjections are abrupt expressions for sudden sensations and emotions; they are therefore isolated in relation to the speech material used in the rest of the language'. Thus, his argument is that since interjections are not part of language proper, they cannot be a precursor of language.
At any rate, it has been suggested that interjections represent some kind of protolanguage, which could explain the similarities between interjections across different languages. We should keep in mind, however, that although interjections are universal to all languages, they are not the same in all languages: it follows that interjections must be (at least to a certain extent) language-specific – they might show formal and/or functional similarities in some cases, though.
Physiological Determinants:
So let us assume that interjections are not some sort of protolanguage – how then can we account for the cross-linguistic similarities? Although de Brosses claims that interjections are not learnt but are natural expressions of a man's emotions, he also puts their universality down to physiological causes: 'toutes (interjections) tiennent immédiatement à la fabrique générale de la machine organique et au sentiment de la nature humaine, qui est partout le même dans les grands et premiers mouvements corporels'. In The Expression of Emotions in Man and Animals, Darwin also gives an explanation for interjections based on purely physiological reasons:
As the sensation of disgust primarily arises in connection with the act of eating or tasting something, it is natural that its expression should consist chiefly in movements around the mouth. … With respect to the face, moderate disgust is exhibited in various ways: by the mouth being widely opened, as if to let an offensive morsel drop out; by spitting; by blowing out of the protruded lips; or by a sound as of clearing the throat. Such guttural sounds are written ach or ugh; and their utterance is sometimes accompanied by a shudder… Extreme disgust is expressed by movements round the mouth identical with those preparatory to the act of vomiting. … As the sense of smell is so intimately connected with that of taste, it is not surprising that an excessively bad odour should excite retching or vomiting in some persons, quite as readily as the thought of bad food does; and that, as a further consequence, a moderately offensive odour should cause the various expressive movements of disgust.
Note that gestures, facial expressions and body language are biologically determined, hence universal. This fact might account for the resemblance between interjections of different languages, for there is a close link between gestures and the like and interjections.
Taking the above extract into consideration, I can assuredly claim that the sounds produced in these circumstances can indeed resemble the English interjections of disgust, namely Phew! and Ugh!. Later on in the same work Darwin notes the following on the expression of surprise:
'… whenever astonishment, surprise or amazement is felt …, our mouths are generally opened; yet the lips are often a little protruded… As a strong expiration naturally follows the deep inspiration which accompanies the first sense of startled surprise, and as the lips are often protruded, the various sounds which are then commonly uttered can apparently be accounted for … One of the commonest sounds is a deep Oh; and this would naturally follow … from the mouth being moderately opened and the lips protruded'.
Oh! is the most common interjection in the English language, and it is also frequently used in many other (if not all?) languages, e.g. in the Romance languages, in German, Welsh, Russian, etc. For further comments on Oh! see chapter II.5.2.1 below.
So basically, some of the primary interjections can indeed be explained by physiological attributes. These are by definition not language-specific because they are biological, hence universal. This phenomenon elucidates why interjections might have been misconceived as some sort of protolanguage.
Formal Constraints:
A third explanation for the similarities between interjections across different languages refers to formal constraints. To clarify this point I need to go a bit farther back. Even though interjections might not elicit a response from the hearer, they do serve nonetheless a communicative purpose: they do mean something, and this meaning is expressed orally. Now, the usage of interjections and especially which interjection is used depends on the context or circumstances and the mental process in the speaker. Different interjections have different functions which concern the hearer. Thus, interjections are an important communicative means for the processing of the common communicative system of speaker and listener. The communicative function of the interjections requires an extremely economic form: the phonetic units of interjections are of minimal complexity due to the shortness and the simple forms. Besides, their prosodic features facilitate their identification in the ongoing discourse. The argument that interjections are similar because of formal constraints is as follows:
Aufgrund der formalen Erfordernisse, die durch die funktionalen Zwecke des Gesamtbereichs der Interjektion bedingt sind, bieten sich bei der Sprachbildung nicht beliebig viele Arten von Mitteln an, die diesem Zweck optimal genügen. Die Verwendung kleinster Einheiten und deren Kombinatorik ist optimal geeignet, den funktional geforderten Ökonomiebedürfnissen Rechnung zu tragen. So ist es nicht erstaunlich, dass Sprachen unterschiedlichsten Typs und ohne Rücksicht auf die Bildungsformen zu diesem Mittel der Interjektionsbildung gegriffen haben. Somit ergibt sich eine Erklärungsweise für die Übereinstimmung von Interjektionen in den verschiedenen Sprachen, die nicht auf deren 'Vorsprachlichkeit' zurückzugreifen braucht.
So in principle their universality is traced back to formal constraints due to economic reasons. Tesnière observes with regard to the semantic complexity of interjections: 'certaines interjections arrivent même à exprimer des états d'âme et d'esprit si nuancés et si complexes, qu'elles en disent à elles seules plus qu'une phrase entière, et qu'il faut de longues périphrases pour en analyser et en définir le contenu sémantique'. This is another criterion for the economic aspect of interjections: they express in a clear and brief manner what is going on in the speaker's mind, and the listener can understand easily and without delay what is being expressed.
All the above mentioned efforts to account for the quasi-universality of (some primary) interjections make sense to a certain extent, and I presume the truth lies somewhere in a blend between all of them. Nevertheless, I need to stress that, for the most part, interjections differ considerably cross-linguistically and are often among 'the most characteristic peculiarities of individual cultures'.
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Arbeit zitieren:
Stange, Ulrike Juni 2008: The Acquisition of Interjections in Early Childhood, Hamburg: Diplomica Verlag
Interjektion, Spracherwerb, language acquisition, childhood, Kindheit