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Publications (15)48.87 Total impact
Dataset: Antonenko bcm 2008 supplement
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ABSTRACT: Content to Supplementary Iinformation for the Article of Y.N. Antonenko et al.: S1: Structures, Methods of Synthesis, and Certain Physicochemical Properties of Cationic Quinone Derivatives; S2: SkQs in BLM and Isolated Mitochondria; S3: SkQ1 in Human Cell Cultures - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Novel penetrating cations were used for a design of mitochondria-targeted compounds and tested in model lipid membranes, in isolated mitochondria and in living human cells in culture. Rhodamine-19, berberine and palmatine were conjugated by aliphatic linkers with plastoquinone possessing antioxidant activity. These conjugates (SkQR1,SkQBerb, SkQPalm) and their analogs lacking plastoquinol moiety (C12R1,C10Berb and C10Palm) penetrated bilayer phospholipid membrane in their cationic forms and accumulated in isolated mitochondria or in mitochondria of living cells due to membrane potential negative inside. Reduced forms of SkQR1, SkQBerb and SkQPalm inhibited lipid peroxidation in isolated mitochondria at nanomolar concentrations. In human fibroblasts SkQR1, SkQBerb and SkQPalm prevented fragmentation of mitochondria and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide. SkQR1 was effective at subnanomolar concentrations while SkQberb, SkQPalm and SkQ1 (prototypic conjugate of plastoquinone with dodecyltriphenylphosphonium) were effective at 10-times higher concentrations. The aliphatic conjugates of berberine and palmatine (as well as the conjugates of triphenylphosphonium) induced proton transport mediated by free fatty acids (FA) both in the model and mitochondrial membrane. In mitochondria this process was facilitated by the adenine nucleotide carrier. In contrast to the other cationic conjugates, SkQR1 and C12R1 induced FA-independent proton conductivity due to protonation/deprotonation of the rhodamine residue. This property in combination with the antioxidant activity probably makes rhodamine conjugates highly effective in protection against oxidative stress. The novel cationic conjugates described here are promising candidates for drugs against various pathologies and aging as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and selective mild uncouplers.Current pharmaceutical design 10/2012; · 4.41 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Previously it has been shown by our group that berberine and palmatine, penetrating cations of plant origin, when conjugated with plastoquinone (SkQBerb and SkQPalm), can accumulate in isolated mitochondria or in mitochondria of living cells and effectively protect them from oxidative damage. In the present work, we demonstrate that SkQBerb, SkQPalm, and their analogs lacking the plastoquinone moiety (C(10)Berb and C(10)Palm) operate as mitochondria-targeted compounds facilitating protonophorous effect of free fatty acids. These compounds induce proton transport mediated by small concentrations of added fatty acids both in planar and liposomal model lipid membranes. In mitochondria, such an effect can be carried out by endogenous fatty acids and the adenine nucleotide translocase.Mitochondrion 09/2012; · 4.03 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Novel mitochondria-targeted compounds composed entirely of natural constituents have been synthesized and tested in model lipid membranes, in isolated mitochondria, and in living human cells in culture. Berberine and palmatine, penetrating cations of plant origin, were conjugated by nonyloxycarbonylmethyl residue with the plant electron carrier and antioxidant plastoquinone. These conjugates (SkQBerb, SkQPalm) and their analogs lacking the plastoquinol moiety (C10Berb and C10Palm) penetrated across planar bilayer phospholipid membrane in their cationic forms and accumulated in isolated mitochondria or in mitochondria in living human cells in culture. Reduced forms of SkQBerb and SkQPalm inhibited lipid peroxidation in isolated mitochondria at nanomolar concentrations. In isolated mitochondria and in living cells, the berberine and palmatine moieties were not reduced, so antioxidant activity belonged exclusively to the plastoquinol moiety. In human fibroblasts, nanomolar SkQBerb and SkQPalm prevented fragmentation of mitochondria and apoptosis induced by exogenous hydrogen peroxide. At higher concentrations, conjugates of berberine and palmatine induced proton transport mediated by free fatty acids both in model and in mitochondrial membrane. In mitochondria this process was facilitated by the adenine nucleotide carrier. As an example of application of the novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidants SkQBerb and SkQPalm to studies of signal transduction, we discuss induction of cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and morphological normalization of some tumor cells. We suggest that production of oxygen radicals in mitochondria is necessary for growth factors-MAP-kinase signaling, which supports proliferation and transformed phenotype.Biochemistry (Moscow) 09/2012; 77(9):983-95. · 1.15 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To develop effective mitochondria-targeted antioxidants composed entirely of natural constituents. Novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidants were synthesized containing plant electron carrier and antioxidant plastoquinone conjugated by nonyloxycarbonylmethyl residue with berberine or palmatine, penetrating cations of plant origin. These compounds, SkQBerb and SkQPalm, were tested in model planar phospholipid membranes and micelles, liposomes, isolated mitochondria and living cells. SkQBerb and SkQPalm penetrated across planar bilayer phospholipid membrane in their cationic forms and accumulated in mitochondria isolated or in living human cells in culture. Reduced forms of SkQBerb and SkQPalm as well as C10Berb and C10Palm (SkQBerb and SkQPalm analogs lacking plastoquinol moiety) revealed radical scavenging activity in lipid micelles and liposomes, while oxidized forms were inactive. In isolated mitochondria and in living cells, berberine and palmatine moieties were not reduced, so antioxidant activity of C10Berb and C10Palm was not detected. SkQBerb and SkQPalm inhibited lipid peroxidation in isolated mitochondria at nanomolar concentrations; their prooxidant effect was observed at 1,000 times higher concentrations. In human cell cuture, nanomolar SkQBerb and SkQPalm prevented fragmentation of mitochondria and apoptosis induced by exogenous hydrogen peroxide. This is the first successful attempt to construct mitochondria-targeted antioxidants composed entirely of natural components, namely plastoquinone, nonyl, acetyl and berberine or palmatine residues.Pharmaceutical Research 06/2011; 28(11):2883-95. · 4.74 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A limited decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential can be beneficial for cells, especially under some pathological conditions, suggesting that mild uncouplers (protonophores) causing such an effect are promising candidates for therapeutic uses. The great majority of protonophores are weak acids capable of permeating across membranes in their neutral and anionic forms. In the present study, protonophorous activity of a series of derivatives of cationic rhodamine 19, including dodecylrhodamine (C(12)R1) and its conjugate with plastoquinone (SkQR1), was revealed using a variety of assays. Derivatives of rhodamine B, lacking dissociable protons, showed no protonophorous properties. In planar bilayer lipid membranes, separating two compartments differing in pH, diffusion potential of H(+) ions was generated in the presence of C(12)R1 and SkQR1. These compounds induced pH equilibration in liposomes loaded with the pH probe pyranine. C(12)R1 and SkQR1 partially stimulated respiration of rat liver mitochondria in State 4 and decreased their membrane potential. Also, C(12)R1 partially stimulated respiration of yeast cells but, unlike the anionic protonophore FCCP, did not suppress their growth. Loss of function of mitochondrial DNA in yeast (grande-petite transformation) is known to cause a major decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. We found that petite yeast cells are relatively more sensitive to the anionic uncouplers than to C(12)R1 compared with grande cells. Together, our data suggest that rhodamine 19-based cationic protonophores are self-limiting; their uncoupling activity is maximal at high membrane potential, but the activity decreases membrane potentials, which causes partial efflux of the uncouplers from mitochondria and, hence, prevents further membrane potential decrease.Journal of Biological Chemistry 03/2011; 286(20):17831-40. · 4.65 Impact Factor - Biophysical Journal 01/2011; 100(3). · 3.67 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A unique phenomenon of mitochondria-targeted protonophores is described. It consists in a transmembrane H(+)-conducting fatty acid cycling mediated by penetrating cations such as 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) or dodecyltriphenylphosphonium (C(12)TPP). The phenomenon has been modeled by molecular dynamics and directly proved by experiments on bilayer planar phospholipid membrane, liposomes, isolated mitochondria, and yeast cells. In bilayer planar phospholipid membrane, the concerted action of penetrating cations and fatty acids is found to result in conversion of a pH gradient (DeltapH) to a membrane potential (Deltapsi) of the Nernstian value (about 60 mV Deltapsi at DeltapH = 1). A hydrophobic cation with localized charge (cetyltrimethylammonium) failed to substitute for hydrophobic cations with delocalized charge. In isolated mitochondria, SkQ1 and C(12)TPP, but not cetyltrimethylammonium, potentiated fatty acid-induced (i) uncoupling of respiration and phosphorylation, and (ii) inhibition of H(2)O(2) formation. In intact yeast cells, C(12)TPP stimulated respiration regardless of the extracellular pH value, whereas a nontargeted protonophorous uncoupler (trifluoromethoxycarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone) stimulated respiration at pH 5 but not at pH 3. Hydrophobic penetrating cations might be promising to treat obesity, senescence, and some kinds of cancer that require mitochondrial hyperpolarization.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 01/2010; 107(2):663-8. · 9.74 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Synthesis of cationic plastoquinone derivatives (SkQs) containing positively charged phosphonium or rhodamine moieties connected to plastoquinone by decane or pentane linkers is described. It is shown that SkQs (i) easily penetrate through planar, mitochondrial, and outer cell membranes, (ii) at low (nanomolar) concentrations, posses strong antioxidant activity in aqueous solution, BLM, lipid micelles, liposomes, isolated mitochondria, and cells, (iii) at higher (micromolar) concentrations, show pronounced prooxidant activity, the "window" between anti- and prooxidant concentrations being very much larger than for MitoQ, a cationic ubiquinone derivative showing very much lower antioxidant activity and higher prooxidant activity, (iv) are reduced by the respiratory chain to SkQH2, the rate of oxidation of SkQH2 being lower than the rate of SkQ reduction, and (v) prevent oxidation of mitochondrial cardiolipin by OH*. In HeLa cells and human fibroblasts, SkQs operate as powerful inhibitors of the ROS-induced apoptosis and necrosis. For the two most active SkQs, namely SkQ1 and SkQR1, C(1/2) values for inhibition of the H2O2-induced apoptosis in fibroblasts appear to be as low as 1x10(-11) and 8x10(-13) M, respectively. SkQR1, a fluorescent representative of the SkQ family, specifically stains a single type of organelles in the living cell, i.e. energized mitochondria. Such specificity is explained by the fact that it is the mitochondrial matrix that is the only negatively-charged compartment inside the cell. Assuming that the Deltapsi values on the outer cell and inner mitochondrial membranes are about 60 and 180 mV, respectively, and taking into account distribution coefficient of SkQ1 between lipid and water (about 13,000 : 1), the SkQ1 concentration in the inner leaflet of the inner mitochondrial membrane should be 1.3x10(8) times higher than in the extracellular space. This explains the very high efficiency of such compounds in experiments on cell cultures. It is concluded that SkQs are rechargeable, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants of very high efficiency and specificity. Therefore, they might be used to effectively prevent ROS-induced oxidation of lipids and proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane in vivo.Biochemistry (Moscow) 01/2009; 73(12):1273-87. · 1.15 Impact Factor - Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-bioenergetics - BBA-BIOENERGETICS. 01/2008; 1777.
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, we studied effects of phosphonium dications P2C5 and P2C10 on bilayer planar phospholipid membrane (BLM) and rat liver mitochondria. In line with our previous observations [M.F. Ross, T. Da Ros, F.H. Blaikie, T.A. Prime, C.M. Porteous, I.I. Severina, V.P. Skulachev, H.G. Kjaergaard, R.A. Smith, M.P. Murphy, Accumulation of lipophilic dications by mitochondria and cells, Biochem. J. 400 (2006) 199-208], we showed both P2C5 and P2C10 are cationic penetrants for BLM. They generated transmembrane diffusion potential (Delta Psi), the compartment with a lower dication concentration positive. However, the Delta Psi values measured proved to be lower that the Nernstian. This fact could be explained by rather low BLM conductance for the cations at their small concentrations and by induction of some BLM damage at their large concentrations. The damage in question consisted in appearance of non-Ohmic current/voltage relationships which increased in time. Such a non-Ohmicity was especially strong at Delta Psi >100 mV. Addition of penetrating lipophilic anion TPB, which increases the BLM conductance for lipophilic cations, yielded the Nernstian Delta Psi, i.e. 30 mV per ten-fold dication gradient. In the State 4 mitochondria, dications stimulated respiration and lowered Delta Psi. Moreover, they inhibited the State 3 respiration with succinate or glutamate and malate (but not with TMPD and ascorbate) in an uncoupler-sensitive fashion. Effect on the in State 4 mitochondria, similarly to that on BLM, was accounted for by a time-dependent membrane damage. On the other hand, the State 3 effect was most probably due to inhibition of the respiratory chain Complex I and/or Complex III. The damaging and inhibitory activities of lipophilic dications should be taken into account when one considers a possibility to use them as a vehicle to target antioxidants or other compounds to mitochondria.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 09/2007; 1767(9):1164-8. · 4.66 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The mechanism of uncoupling by lauryl sulfate (LS) has been studied. The very fact that uncoupling by low concentration of LS (a strong acid) resembles very much that by fatty acids (weak acids) was used as an argument against the fatty acid cycling scheme of uncoupling where protonated fatty acids operate as a protonophore. We have found that rat liver and heart muscle mitochondria can be uncoupled by low (70 microM) LS concentration in a fashion completely arrested by the ATP/ADP antiporter inhibitor carboxyatractylate (CAtr). On the other hand, uncoupling by two-fold higher LS concentration is not sensitive to CAtr. Addition of oleate desensitizes mitochondria to low LS so that addition of bovine serum albumin becomes necessary to recouple mitochondria. The data are accounted for assuming that low LS releases endogenous fatty acids from some mitochondrial depots, and these fatty acids are responsible for uncoupling. As to high LS, it causes a nonspecific (CAtr-insensitive) damage to the mitochondrial membrane.Biochemistry (Moscow) 01/2007; 71(12):1365-9. · 1.15 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In monolayer of HeLa cells treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF), apoptotic cells formed clusters indicating possible transmission of apoptotic signal via the culture media. To investigate this phenomenon, a simple method of enabling two cell cultures to interact has been employed. Two coverslips were placed side by side in a Petri dish, one coverslip covered with apoptogen-treated cells (the inducer) and another with non-treated cells (the recipient). TNF, staurosporine, or H2O2 treatment of the inducer cells is shown to initiate apoptosis on the recipient coverslip. This effect is increased by a catalase inhibitor aminotriazole and is arrested by addition of catalase or by pre-treatment of either the inducer or the recipient cells with nanomolar concentrations of mitochondria-targeted cationic antioxidant MitoQ (10-(6 -ubiquinolyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium), which specifically arrests H2O2-induced apoptosis. The action of MitoQ is abolished by an uncoupler preventing accumulation of MitoQ in mitochondria. It is concluded that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by mitochondria in the apoptotic cells initiate the release of H2O2 from these cells. The H2O2 released is employed as a long-distance cell suicide messenger. In processing of such a signal by the recipient cells, mitochondrial ROS production is also involved. It is suggested that the described phenomenon may be involved in expansion of the apoptotic region around a damaged part of the tissue during heart attack or stroke as well as in "organoptosis", i.e. disappearance of organs during ontogenesis.Biochemistry (Moscow) 02/2006; 71(1):60-7. · 1.15 Impact Factor - Cell Death and Differentiation 12/2005; 12(11):1442-4. · 8.37 Impact Factor
Publication Stats
91 | Citations | |
48.87 | Total Impact Points | |
Top Journals
Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics
Moskva, Moscow, Russia
Moscow State Textile University
Moskva, Moscow, Russia


text: Luis "Tito" Quiñones recently became the fourth player all-time at Eastern NM University to record 200 career hits. This year, he was selected by the National Collegiate Baseball Writers Association to the Pre-Season All-South Region Team. He was selected All-Lone Star Conference Scoop in 2012 (First Team), All-LSC (Second Team), and All-Academic LSC (First Team). He was the ENMU Batting Champion in 2012 with a .375 average and also led in hits, runs scored, triples, and sacrifice hits. He has been named Lone Star Conference Player-of-the-Week three times and was listed as one of the National Players-of-the-Week in March 2012. He has had three seasons with a perfect fielding percentage as a centerfielder and leftfielder. He has been ranked nationally in batting average, hits, runs scored, and toughest-to-strike out. At press time, he was batting .433, second in the LSC. He is a senior and will be graduating from ENMU in May with a degree in Marketing and a minor in Finance. He is a 2008 graduate of Mayfield High School.

subset: commoncrawl


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Get your RP on II – not in MMOs
As a follow-up to the discussion sparked here and elsewhere by yesterday's post, I wanted to add that several of the thoughts expressed helped me to clarify what I think of MMOs in terms of roleplaying vehicles.
I have to agree with those who contend that MMOs are not RPG vehicles in the sense of the term as used by older, tabletop (or P'n'P) gamers. And while one should never say never… I'm not sure MMOs will ever be able to provide the main elements required to emulate the old tabletop environment.
The main thing MMOs are lacking in that regard is the ability for players/characters to have a meaningful impact on the world with others – the more I think about it, the more it can't just be ME having an impact on the world and only ME being able to see its results (as per the whatever-ya-call-em semi-instanced single player experiences you can have in certain games now, eg LOTRO and others); not in an MMO, anyway. Slaying the dragon shouldn't affect just the slayer; it shouldn't affect just the slayer and her group either, for that matter. In PnP, characters change game reality for everyone there, PC or NPC, beggar or king, 2 miles away or a thousand. In MMOs, I seriously doubt that's going to be possible or available for a long, long time.
And if by some miracle the technology and means show up to allow persistent and persitently changing worlds, you'll run into the problem that almost everyone wants to be a dragon-slayer, not a damned farmer… at least some of the time. One way around this would be to make the major storylines or arcs involve/require a LOT of people — but that brings its own slew of problems. (If you thought getting a 6-man PUG was hard, try rounding up 150!) And even then, on a server with a population of, say, 2000 active peak-time players, you're still looking at half a dozen major arcs going on. If dragons are being slain left, right and centre — because everyone wants a dragon to slay — then that becomes meaningless pretty quickly too.
Before you start telling me that not everyone wants to be a hero — I know this. *I* don't want to be a hero all the time; in fact I often half-joke that I'm mostly a crafter in MMOs and that killing stuff is just a hobby. However, we all have some drive towards the heroic and the epic, or fantasy (and space opera) wouldn't be as popular as they are in games. We play to create rip-roaring tales, not existential musings — Edgar Rice Burroughs, not William Burroughs.
Which, to me, indicates why MMOs will never be old-fashioned RP environments, at least not as they are now and probably not for a long time. You can't have a persistent, consequence-heavy world with 3,500 heroes. It just doesn't work. You'd have to have far too many dungeons, bad guys, epic bad guys, plagues, divine insurrections, necromantic invarions and who knows what else to make any kind of rational sense. In a typical MMO, the same dragon gets slain over and over — which probably beats having 120 of them just so that everyone can get their own slice of special. Whether you kill the same thing multiple times or the same KIND of thing once, the net effect is the same: it's not particularly unique.
That's not to say, at all, that RP isn't possible in MMOs, but the old-school, 6 people round a table with chips, sodas and overactive imaginations is not. It's not that you can't get people together, it's that you can't encapsulate that small-group-affecting-the-world feeling without having to duplicate it for every other small group on the server — after all, these are MASSIVELY multiplayer games we're talking about. As far as old-school RP goes, I think small-multiplayer and single-player games are the way to go; games like NWN1 that include toolsets for creating more adventures for small-ish groups of people. (Yes, NWN1 had persistent-ish worlds, but they ended up tending toward MMOs and diluting that specific old-school RP experience.)
We just have to figure out what kinds of RP do work in MMOs, and play that. Many people already do, as evidenced by yesterday's comments. There are ways to play a character even in a static world — it just won't be the way us creaky old-timers are used to, or yearn for.
March 24, 2009 at 7:05 am | #1|
Careful, NWN1 was a MMO. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neverwinter_Nights_(AOL_game)
March 24, 2009 at 9:52 am | #5|
I agree, but for now I'd be fine with layered instancing where you simply see a slightly (or drastically) different world than your cohorts depending on what you've accomplished. Or you could segment the population but If you are careless with this people reaaaally don't like it (see guild wars/etc)
March 24, 2009 at 10:08 am | #8|
Hey…look at that. I was going to write comments yesterday that would have mirrored this post you've done today. I didn't have time, though. So I gifted you a whole blog post.
Role-play is so subjective nowadays. I like loose role-play. I've encouraged it in guild that I've run. People have generally liked it.
Basically, the general rule has been, stay within the environment in which you are playing. Even I don't do the play acting anymore. But I also don't like out-of-game chatter in my guilds. I also don't like game-tech-speak in my guilds either. I like to keep within the context of the game. I think that is a very doable compromise in today's environments.
March 24, 2009 at 10:24 am | #9|
I agree about the attribute enhancement aspect as being part of the problem.
I'm trying to think of a way to create epic roleplay environment without having to spawn 1000 Onyxias. The only way I could think of it would be a game pitting armies against armies (sorta like Warhammer) and where players would create a lot of the world around them (ex: player-made forts and towns, etc) which the other side would actually take over or destroy completely (and in the process create ruins on the landscape).
The creation / destruction scenarios would certainly change the world around the players. The fact that it's armies though would still make it tough to trumpet "my" special accomplishments when so much would be a group effort.
March 24, 2009 at 10:50 am | #12|
Well, in Oblivion (not an MMO) you can increase / decrease the amount an NPC likes you via a mini-game. Could be a step in the right direction for MMOs to adopt something similar.
Or make sure players occupy professions in the game as well. Ex: make it so crafters make just about everything. If you want to sell to empty your bags, you need to go to a player-run shop. The stuff that drops, the player-crafters can use in crafting (so they'll want it – no more random rat tail drops that some NPC will buy for unknown reasons) and the prices get set by the players. Another option, if the player is not present, is to have a shop-helper NPC (only available if the player is not online or not in their shop).
Basically, make it so players really do create most of the world themselves. Use NPCs only as a last resort.
March 24, 2009 at 12:50 pm | #13|
Whats the real difference between dragon A and dragon B? The name. If I kill Bob Vila the Troll and then someone else turns around and kills Bob Vila the troll it ruins immersion. Worse is if I kill Bob Vila the troll and the Bob Vila the troll respawns and I have to kill him again. Now, If I kill Bob Vila the troll and then Steven Segal the troll shows up and I kill him it's easier to immerse because I can pretend they were two different trolls.
Random name generators for named mobs is just the first step in immersion. Then random skin color generators, random model generators and random skill generators would be next. I don't think that these are really difficult things to achieve in an MMO but would move the game light years ahead in RP immersion. Random quest generators, quest tracking engine that organizes quests done in in form of a suedo story are other ideas.
The problem with all this is that a large group of people that play MMOs don't really care about immersion other than the surface graphics (same reason people like movies with awesome graphics despite the fact that the plot sucks) and so there is no reason for developers to attempt to make it better. -NK
March 24, 2009 at 2:09 pm | #15|
@Tesh and others (Player created content)- Woe is he who rolls on a low pop server.
If this happened, I wonder what kind of effect it would have on low pop servers? Perhaps your actions/ changes would be more potent with less players online. You could be a god!!! -NK


text:
Vernon James Hurst, 83, Professor Emeritus of the University of Georgia and long time resident of Athens died on July 28, 2006.
Dr. Hurst was born on July 18, 1923 in Glenmore, Ga. During World War II, he served in combat in the European Theatre, including the Battle of the Bulge, where he was one of 8 survivors of his 210-man company. Later, he served in occupation in the Pacific Theatre.
He received his B.S, degree from the University of Georgia, M.S. from Emory University and his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University, all in Geology. He was founder of the Geology Department at UGA, serving as head for eight years, Chairman of Physical Sciences for four years and was a University Research Professor for 22 years. He specialized in the weathering of rocks, crystal growth, clay technology, electron microscopy and optical mineralogy. He had over 300 scientific publications and a number of patents. He had affiliations with 18 professional organizations, holding leadership roles in many. For 45 years he was a member of the Jenkins Club. He was a 50-year fellow in the Geological Society of America and the Mineralogical Society of America. He was also a member of Sigma XI and Phi Kappa Phi. One of his most special recognitions came in 2003 when the Clay Mineral Society of America awarded him the Pioneer in Clay Science award.
Dr. Hurst is survived by his wife, Neil Hurst; son Marc V. Hurst, wife Anne and daughter Sarah now of Davenport, Fl.; daughter Karen H. Sharpe, husband Paul, daughter Jennifer and son Alexander now of Kennesaw, Ga.; sister Reba Hurst Smith of Carrollton, Ga. and a number of nieces and nephews.


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Life's obstacles should fuel your desire to achieve your dreams, not surrender them.
Every day, we share a quote from one of our amazing Inspirational Luminaries on different inspirational topics. (We also share inspirational photo quotes every day too!) These quotes from Gail Lynne Goodwin and our Inspirational Luminaries offer insights on everything that makes up a good and inspired life!
When you are the recipient of a favor, do a favor for at least three other people. Even if you're not the recipient of a favor today, you have been in the past. Pay It Forward is one of the greatest gifts you can give.08 Mar 2014/by Cindy Allen-Stuckey/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
We all have the capability to make a difference, to accept what we are given, to love with our heart and live life to the fullest, or not: it's up to us.07 Mar 2014/by Tracy Goodwin/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
The curious mind naturally cultivates a certain level of necessary detachment to connect to your Creator.06 Mar 2014/by Joseph Drumheller/1 Comment/in Inspirational Quotes
Life is an adventure and should be treated as such. It's about creating, getting feedback and creating again!05 Mar 2014/by Jacquelyn Gioertz/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
The situations that are put in front of you – they aren't tests, they're opportunities.05 Mar 2014/by Caroline A. Shearer/in Inspirational Quotes
from Adventures of a Lightworker: Dead End Date by Absolute Love Publishing
We are comprised of limitless energy and we are all capable of transforming energy into miracles with the power of our thoughts alone. There is much more to your precious self than you've been led to believe.04 Mar 2014/by Mark Mincolla/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Be kind to yourself right now. In this moment, you are a perfect you.04 Mar 2014/by Ariel and Shya Kane/in Inspirational Quotes
You can have anything in life you want if you want it badly enough and are willing to pay the price.03 Mar 2014/by Dr. Joe Capista DDS/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Want love? Be love. Want peace? Remember your worth and God-infused ability to receive and give love.02 Mar 2014/by Lauren Miller/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
FLY – Forgive and Love Yourself. Then take the lead in your life and soar!01 Mar 2014/by Annette Johnson/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Quiet your mind and listen to yourself at the deepest level possible. Then trust that what you hear reflects wisdom beyond your conscious mind.28 Feb 2014/by Jason Kurtz/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Life is filled with unlimited potential. When we set goals based on our life's passion and approach those goals with optimistic belief, nothing is impossible.27 Feb 2014/by Michael Grandinetti/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Champions don't panic….We P.U.S.H… Pursue Until Success Happens!26 Feb 2014/by Rhonda Nails/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Seek opportunities and experiences that invigorate you, those that are challenging, and that demand you show up as your very best self.25 Feb 2014/by David Howitt/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Your playing small does not serve the world. As you let your light shine, you unconsciously give others permission to do the same.24 Feb 2014/by Mari Smith/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
24 Feb 2014/by Caroline A. Shearer/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
From Women Will Save the World by Absolute Love Publishing
When life dumps lemons in your lap, you can become bitter and sour or you can live the sweet life by turning those lemons into lemonade!23 Feb 2014/by Robin Craig/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Letting go of ego can be quick: Enlightenment awaits you!22 Feb 2014/by Ilona Svetluska/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
Whatever you get out of life is in direct correlation with what you give.21 Feb 2014/by Deremiah *CPE/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes
It's not our life that determines how we live, it's how we LIVE that determines our life.20 Feb 2014/by Sallie Felton/0 Comments/in Inspirational Quotes


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text:
October 1, 2013 Common mineral gets first detailed examination of its surface electronic properties, thanks to team of MIT researchers.
September 30, 2013 Researchers combine powerful new Web standards with the intuitive, graphical MIT App Inventor to aid relief workers with little programming expertise.
September 26, 2013 Particles that deliver vaccines directly to mucosal surfaces could defend against many infectious diseases.
September 19, 2013 By translating images into the language spoken by object-recognition systems, then translating them back, researchers hope to explain the systems' failures.
September 18, 2013 MIT's Global Founders Skills Accelerator — which focuses on 'disciplined entrepreneurship' — helps student teams build innovation-based startups.
September 17, 2013 Highly active catalysts could be key to improved energy storage in fuel cells and advanced batteries.
September 12, 2013 At MIT, foreign-policy experts discuss the complications of another potential military intervention in the Middle East.
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US 4836644 A Abstract A fiber optic star coupler which is suitable, in particular, for monomode optical waveguides. This is realized by a multiple taper coupler configured as a hollow cylinder.
Claims(17) 1. A fiber optic star coupler, comprising:
at least one input optical fiber; a plurality of output optical fibers; and a hollow coupling region at which the fibers are fused together, the coupling region having a generally cylindrical configuration. 2. The star coupler of claim 1, wherein the fibers have a cross-sectional area in the coupling region that is reduced compared to their cross-sectional area away from the coupling region.
3. The star coupler of claim 2, wherein the coupling region has a length and a cross-sectional area that are selected so that predetermined portions of light energy that is received by the at least one input fiber are coupled into each of the output fibers.
4. The star coupler of claim 3, wherein equal portions of the light energy are coupled into the output fibers.
5. The star coupler of claim 1, wherein at least the output fibers are monomodal fibers.
6. The star coupler of claim 1, wherein the coupling region has a generally circular ring-shaped cross-sectional configuration.
7. An improved fiber optic star coupler which includes at least one first fiber and a plurality of second fibers which are fused together at a coupling region having first and second ends, the at least one first fiber extending from the first end of the coupling region and the plurality of second fibers extending from the second end, wherein the improvement comprises:
the coupling region is configured as a hollow tube. 8. The star coupler of claim 7, wherein at least a portion of the hollow tube is generally cylindrical and provides an annular waveguide for light traveling through the coupling region.
9. The star coupler of claim 8, wherein the annular waveguide has a length selected so that equal amounts of light received by the at least one first fiber are distributed to the second fibers.
10. The star coupler of claim 9, wherein the annular waveguide has a length of about 20 mm.
11. The star coupler of claim 7, wherein the first and second fibers have a predetermined diameter, and wherein at least a portion of the tube has a generally cylindrical wall, the wall having a thickness that is less than the diameter of the fibers.
12. The star coupler of claim 7, wherein the hollow tube has a generally cylindrical portion disposed between two tapered portions, the tapered portions being generally frusto-conical in configuration.
13. A method for making a fiber optic star coupler, comprising the steps of:
(a) arranging a plurality of optical fibers parallel to one another in a generally tube-shaped pattern, the fibers having first and second ends; (b) heating the fibers between the first and second ends to fuse the fibers together; (c) introducing light having a predetermined power level into the first end of one of the fibers; (d) measuring the power level of light exiting the second end of one of the fibers; and (e) stretching the heated region until the power level measured in step (d) reaches a predetermined value. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein there are N fibers, and wherein step (e) is conducted until the power measured in step (d) is approximately 1/Nth of the predetermined power introduced in step (c).
15. The method of claim 13, wherein step (a) is conducted by arranging the fibers in a cylindrical pattern.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the fibers are monomodal fibers and step (c) is conducted by introducing coherent light.
17. A fiber optic star coupler made by the method of claim 13.
Description According to FIG. 4, the centers of monomode optical fibers F are arranged on a circular cylinder having a predetermined diameter. Each fiber F has a core (not illustrated) and cladding (not illustrated) around the core. The fibers F are preferably quartz glass monomode fibers having a so-called matched cladding. A fiber having a matched cladding usually is defined as a fiber which has a cladding with a constant refractive index. The material of the cladding, on the other hand, must not have the same chemical composition. The invention is applicable only to monomode fibers, the index of refraction of the core of the fiber may be a step-index distribution or a graded-index distribution. In the region to the coupling L, the so-called primary coating of the optical fibers F (that is, the primary plastic coating, not illustrated) has been removed, for example over a length of more than about 20 mm, so that the surfaces (quartz glass) of the optical fibers F contact one another in the illustrated manner. The optical fibers F are then melted together and elongated by drawing, thus reducing their diameters D. So-called taper regions T result, as well as a coupling region 21" having a hollow cylindrical shape. Coupling region 21" has a length 1 of approximately 20 mm, which is a function of the wavelength of the light. As is illustrated in FIG. 5, coupling region 21" has a relatively narrow, fused-together wall of approximately cylindrical configuration. The light is coupled over in the narrow wall of coupling region 21". In this narrow wall, the monomode (quartz glass) optical fibers F have been drawn, for example, from an original outer (cladding) diameter D of 125 μm to a (cladding) diameter d (see FIG. 5) of 10 μm to 20 μm. The light is then no longer guided through the cores of the optical fibers F but through their cladding regions, with the glass-air interface of the cladding being the decisive factor with respect to the ambient air. That is, the indices of refraction of the cladding and the surrounding medium (such as air) are such that total internal reflection occurs at the surface of the cladding, thereby retaining light within the approximately cylindrical wall of coupling region 21". Coupling region 21" provides an annular waveguide. The star coupler shown in FIG. 4 is bi-directional, meaning that either end can be treated as the signal-input end. If one selects the left end as the signal-input end and feeds light at the energy P.sub.0 into one of the input optical fibers F, for example into fiber 30, annular waveguide modes are excited in coupling region 21" (whose cross section is shown in FIG. 5) with the same optical phase. Since these modes have different delays, they go out of phase during their further passage through the annular waveguide. The resulting phase differences continuously increase during further passage of the light through the annular waveguide. If these phase differences differ from one another by a whole number multiple of 2π, this will result in a constructive interference of the phases and thus in optical addition. At certain lengths given by the phase differences of the modes in the annular waveguide, the light energy (energy P.sub.o) from the input optical fiber 30 is distributed to all twelve of the output optical fibers in the illustrated star coupler. This light has almost the identical (output) energy of about P.sub.o /12. To accomplish this, the length l must be set precisely during the manufacturing process. This is done by coupling light into a input optical fiber F during the drawing process. At the same time, the output light energy is measured at at least one output optical fiber. If the light energy is distributed essentially uniformly over all output optical fibers, the drawing process is terminated, e.g. by rapid removal and/or quenching of the required melting flame. The desired uniform distribution of the light to the output optical fibers is thus fixed and stable in time. The above-described star coupler can be coupled to a continuous input and/or output optical waveguide by methods presently customary in the art, for example by splicing with the aid of an electric arc. Since constructive interference within the annular waveguide is determined by the differences in delay of the modes which are a function of the wavelength of the light, the length l to be set changes with the wavelength of the light employed. For optical transmission systems having slight differences in wavelengths this fact can be neglected. The rotational symmetry of the arrangement also brings about the following: if uniform distribution to all output fibers has been realized for one input fiber, the same also applies for all remaining input fibers. The present disclosure relates to the subject matter disclosed in Federal Republic of Germany application No. P 37 13 658.5 of Apr. 24th, 1987, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. It will be understood that the above description of the present invention is susceptible to various modifications, changes and adaptations, and the same are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the appended claims. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a star coupler having a plurality of input fibers and a plurality of output fibers which are optically connected at a coupling region. FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a monomode 2 FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a plurality of 2 connected to provide a monomode coupler for more than two input fibers and more than two output fibers. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a star coupler, in accordance with the present invention, for twelve monomode optical fibers. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, taken along the line A-A' of FIG. 4, of the coupling region. The present invention relates to a fiber optic star coupler, and more particularly to a star coupler of the type having at least one input optical fiber, a plurality of output optical fibers, and a coupling region at which the input and output fibers are fused together. Such star couplers are required, for example, for fiber optic distribution networks and for optical data bus systems. The operation of such a star coupler will be described with reference to FIG. 1, where input optical fibers 1 to 10 and output optical fibers 11 to 20 are connected at an optical coupling region 21. Assume, for example, that light is coupled into input optical fibers 1 to 10, with P.sub.1 to P.sub.10 being the associated input light energy. Coupling region 21 mixes light energies P.sub.1 to P.sub.10 in such a manner that, for example, the same percentage of light energy P.sub.1 to P.sub.10, if possible, exits from each of output optical fibers 11 to 20. That is, each one of the output optical fibers 11 to 20 individually carries the output light energy P.sub.1 /10+P.sub.2 /10+ . . . -P.sub.10 /10. A publication by M. D. Bailey, entitled "Bitaper Star Couplers With Up To 1000 Fibre Channels," in Electronics letters, July 5, 1979, Volume 15, No. 14, pages 432 to 433, discloses the twisting together of a plurality (up to 100) of multimode, gradient profile optical fibers. Thereafter, the twisted location is heated in such a manner that the optical fibers are fused together. Additionally, a mechanical tensile stress is produced in the longitudinal direction of the optical fibers so that the cross sections of the individual optical fibers are reduced in the zone of the coupling region (the twisted and fused location). Such a coupling region is therefore configured as a full rod and, due to its internal light distribution, is therefore not suitable for use with monomode optical fibers. Star couplers for monomode optical fibers are presently of interest from an economic point of view, for example for use with digital, high resolution television distribution networks. The reason for this economic interest is that monomode optical fibers have a significantly greater transmission bandwidth than multimode optical fibers and therefore permit a significantly greater data transmission rate, for example several Gbit/sec. Furthermore monomode optical fibers must be employed in optical transmission systems which operate with coherent light. At present, star couplers for monomode optical fibers can be produced by fiber optic linkages of so-called 2 Such a 2 fibers, with the light energy from the input optical fibers being transmitted essentially uniformly to the output optical fibers. This is realized by fusing together the input and output optical fibers at coupling region 21'. Simultaneously, the cross-sectional areas of the individual optical fibers are reduced (tapered). At present, it is possible to assemble a monomode star coupler of several such 2 taper couplers. FIG. 3 shows an example of the structure of such a monomode star coupler having four monomode input optical fibers to provide four input channels 101 to 104 and having four monomode output optical fibers to provide four output channels 110 to 140. Initially, optical input channel 101 is mixed with channel 102 and channel 103 is mixed with channel 104. This results in intermediate channels 101' to 104'. Then intermediate channel 101' is mixed with 103' and intermediate channel 102' is mixed with 104', resulting in output channels 110 to 140. A larger number of input and output channels requires a substantial number of 2 which is a considerable disadvantage. For Z=2.sup.N channels, the number of 2 A few examples: for 8=2.sup.3 channels, twelve 2 required; for 32=2.sup.5 channels, eighty 2 required. These 2 manner and with the lowest optical losses, e.g. with the aid of splices produced by fusing together the optical fibers in an electric arc. Such a star coupler is therefore very cost-inefficient to manufacture, which is a drawback, and is additionally encumbered with high, annoying transmission losses. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a star coupler which can be manufactured cost-effectively and which, in particular, is suitable for monomode optical fibers. This and other objects which will become apparent in the ensuing detailed description can be attained by providing a star coupler in which the coupling region is configured as a hollow cylinder. A first advantage of the invention is that a star coupler can be produced which is smaller in size and mechanically more robust. A second advantage is that only one coupling region exists. This avoids optical losses. Therefore, no additional splices are required. Patent Citations
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she's not just one of the guys
Annabelle Jordan and her two sisters were orphans in frilly dresses when they went to live with their sports-lawyer uncle in his world of locker rooms, bookies and gambling.
Now the girls are publicists in their uncle's firm, The Hot Zone. Despite her upbringing, Annabelle is all woman. She's naturally drawn to real men—like her latest client, businessman and former football ...
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she's not just one of the guys
Annabelle Jordan and her two sisters were orphans in frilly dresses when they went to live with their sports-lawyer uncle in his world of locker rooms, bookies and gambling.
Now the girls are publicists in their uncle's firm, The Hot Zone. Despite her upbringing, Annabelle is all woman. She's naturally drawn to real men—like her latest client, businessman and former football legend Brandon Vaughn.
The chemistry is potent, undeniable, irresistible. Annabelle soon realizes that Brandon is much more than just another jock. And that she'd better hold on tight if she
doesn't want to lose her heart.
"The meeting will come to order." Yank Morgan slammed the gavel against the rubber plate, calling The Hot Zone weekly meeting to order. His dark, wiry hair liberally sprinkled with gray was full and shaggy on a normal day, but after continually running his hands through it in frustration while he waited for his nieces to settle down, it was considerably more disheveled.
As president of their sports agency/PR firm located in a high-rise in midtown Manhattan, Uncle Yank liked to assert his authority. He used the gavel, an engraved birthday gift given to him by Judge Judy, often and with zeal. Unfortunately the gavel didn't change the fact that he was a man outnumbered by three women. Four if he counted Lola, his personal assistant, who liked to tell him what to do and when to do it.
Annabelle Jordan glanced at her sisters who also studied their uncle with fond amusement. As teenagers, they'd paid little attention to Uncle Yank's rules, mainly because he didn't have any. The older the girls became, the more their uncle searched for a way to pretend he hadn't let his personal and professional life go to hell in a handbasket, as he liked to say. The gavel seemed to give him a measure of pride and confidence, and was a small price to pay for him to feel in control with his new partners.
He'd continued the sports agency, but on Anna-belle's graduation from business school, he'd allowed her to make her dream of a family business into reality. None of the sisters wanted to be sports agents, but they'd all desired to get into public relations. It was An-nabelle who'd seen a means to tie the agency to PR and expand the reach of Uncle Yank's clients beyond their limited career on the field.
Her vision had been a success. The PR side of The Hot Zone specialized in handling professional athletes both in the prime of their careers and into retirement, forced or otherwise. And as each niece had graduated business school, Uncle Yank had rewarded them with a position and piece of his firm. Together they'd created a family business which fed Annabelle's need to keep her siblings and small family together.
"So let's go through today's agenda," Lola said, pen in hand to document the meeting. As usual, her attitude indicated she was ready to do business, even if her longing gazes toward Yank spoke of something entirely more personal. Lola, with her business demeanor, buttoned-up dress and raven hair pulled into a bun, was in love with Uncle Yank. Everyone knew it.
Everyone except Uncle Yank. Neither was over the hill and Annabelle felt bad for Lola. After all, the other woman had wasted most of her life waiting for the ultimate bachelor to notice her as something more than a prize assistant and a surrogate mother for his nieces.
"First order of business. Our annual summer party is scheduled for the third Saturday in July. Does everyone have it on their calendar?" Lola asked.
All nodded. Annabelle already had the date jotted on her agenda. The annual Hot Zone party was as much a family event as a business one.
"Okay then. On to the clients," Lola said.
"Micki? What's going on with Roper?" Uncle Yank asked of their star baseball player. Even when he was questioning the girls about their social lives, Uncle Yank always started with Micki, the youngest and worked his way up to Annabelle, the oldest.
Her youngest sister rolled the pen between her palms. "I'm trying to counter some bad media. He'll be fine. He just needs to watch what he says to the press," she said in a soothing voice. With her blond, curly hair and deliberately casual dress, Micki always presented the epitome of relaxed confidence.
"Admitting to having his nails done and a full body wrap at St. Lauren's spa on his day off will definitely put a kink in his reputation as a ladies' man," Annabelle murmured.
"He isn't gay, he just likes the finer things. He needs to learn discretion," Micki insisted. "I'll stick by his side for a few weeks and he'll learn how to handle the media. We'll spin things in his favor," she assured them.
"He'd be better off pulling a Hugh Grant than acting the part of a sissy boy," Uncle Yank said. "Handle him, Mick."
Sophie snickered and Micki shot her a dirty look. "Don't worry. I will."
Annabelle had no doubt her sister would accomplish her goal. All three of them usually did. Although each took on a client as their own, they worked as a team, brainstorming and formulating a PR plan together. The only division occurred in how they assigned clients.
As every guy's friend, Micki preferred to tackle the difficult athletes. She enjoyed cultivating trust, smoothing ruffled feathers and keeping an athlete looking good to the media. Sophie, the brains in the family, thought, dressed and acted above it all. Her hair was always perfectly set, either professionally blown-dried or pulled into a conservative updo and her designer suits complemented the appearance she sought to present. Not surprisingly, photo shoots and an athlete's upscale ventures were more her terrain.
Annabelle preferred the guy's guy. The sweat-soaked, masculine football player who made a female look and feel feminine in comparison to his size, bulk and scent. She enjoyed being on the field and in the company of jocks, a weakness that tended to land her in trouble, starting with the high school captain of the football team who'd dated her, but then broken her heart when he'd cheated on her with her best friend.
Her bad luck with men had continued with the star quarterback at the University of Miami, who it turned out had only screwed her in order to have a pretty woman on his arm and get closer to her uncle Yank at the same time. After her first real broken heart, she'd decided since men desired arm candy, she'd darn well give them arm candy and enjoy herself at the same time. With her emotional walls firmly in place, she'd graduated with honors, received her MBA and come home to New York. Expanding the agency had been a real accomplishment and she took pride in working in its luxury offices with views of the East River, located in the heart of Manhattan.
Life had been great until Randy Dalton, linebacker for the N.Y. Giants, had slipped past her defenses. For the first time since college she'd allowed herself to think a man could care for more than what he saw on the outside, more than what her family business connections could bring. She'd indulged in an affair, knowing her heart would likely follow, and it had.
Since Randy was one of the wealthiest, most eligible bachelors in New York City, their romance had played out in public, dominating the media. When he'd moved on to a younger actress, Annabelle had been left behind, her heart hurt once more and the gossip rags only too eager to report the story in their unique way. In the six months since, Annabelle sometimes wondered if her ego had taken the bigger hit, but the end result was the same. She was finished with men. She was going to focus on her job, period.
"Sophie?" Uncle Yank barked, snapping Annabelle out of her daydreaming, philosophical funk.
"What's on your agenda?" he asked, moving along to the middle sister.
All the information was on the pages in his hands, but since he seemed to want more frequent face-to-face meetings, the sisters agreed to humor him.
"I'm just trying to keep the peace between Dalton and O'Keefe," Sophie said, of Annabelle's ex and the Giants' new owner.
Randy was the type of jock client Sophie would normally avoid, but after Annabelle's public breakup, Micki had been tied up so Sophie had been all too willing to take over representing Randy Dalton. Anna-belle didn't envy Randy.
"Like I told Dalton, he's too stupid to understand discretion and the fact that he's got contract negotiations coming up," Sophie said, confirming Annabelle's hunch that her middle sister enjoyed making the man feel like an ass day in and day out. "He's also too much of a jerk-off to remember that he broke Annie's heart and nobody in this family cares about anything more than the bottom line," Sophie said, defending her sister.
"Mouth, Sophie," Uncle Yank muttered. "Watch the mouth."
All three sisters rolled their eyes. "We learned our words from you," Annabelle reminded him. "And thanks for treating Dalton like the jerk he is, Soph." Still, Annabelle understood that business held sway and The Hot Zone would continue to represent the louse until either Dalton fired them or they could contractually cut him loose.
"Annabelle? What's going on in your end of things?" her uncle asked.
Annabelle looked forward to the twinkle in his eye when he glanced at her. Despite his grumbling, Annabelle knew just how much he adored her. "I just wrapped up overseeing Ernesto Mendoza's Nike commercial and put him on a plane back to Dallas. Last night I accompanied the chairman of NYCT's son to a charity gala. I made sure they know we've got the stars they want to support their cause. They'll turn to us before they look to Atkins for sponsors," she said, winking at her uncle.
Despite his long-standing friendship with Spencer Atkins, they were business rivals of the deepest sort, Annabelle knew. And she always looked out for Uncle Yank's best interest.
"That's my girl," Yank said in a voice infused with warmth and pride.
"Did you wear the Louis Vuitton dress?" Sophie asked, referring to Annabelle's newest acquisition.
Annabelle grinned. "You know it, sister." The dress, with its low vee in the back was perfect for keeping a man's attention on her, especially when his hand lay on the small of her bare back.
The banging gavel startled Annabelle and she jumped in her seat.
"Back to business," Uncle Yank grumbled and all three sisters laughed.
"Well besides all that, I've got the usual insanity waiting for me in my office," Annabelle said, wrapping up her summary.
"Micki?" Uncle Yank asked. "Got any openings for a new client?"
Micki shot her uncle a regretful glance. "Not right away. My schedule's booked. Armando's got the United Way shoot coming up and he made me promise I'd be there myself. And until the Post backs off the gossip and innuendo on Roper, I'm busy 24/7."
Uncle Yank rolled his eyes. "Hire him a hooker and book a photographer to take pictures of him in the act," he muttered. "Sophie?" Uncle Yank asked.
She spread her hands wide, also indicating there wasn't much she could do. "My schedule's pretty tight, too. Besides I'm not sure I can deal with another dumb jock ogling my boobs and trying to get into my pants while I'm attempting to book him for charity work."
"You need to lighten up," Micki said, offering her usual refrain. "You're such a stick in the mud, it's no wonder you haven't had a decent date in ages." She ribbed her sister and Annabelle awaited the fallout.
Sophie scowled. "I've dated plenty. Just not someone who rather smack another guy's behind than a woman's."
Micki let out an exaggerated sigh. "There's no way I'll ever buy that those intellectual types you go for do anything for you," she said as the two sisters launched into their typical bickering.
"Would you two save the personal stuff for after work?" Annabelle asked.
"Annie's right." The sound of the gavel broke the argument. "No sex talk in the boardroom," Yank said, his face beet-red as it always was when his nieces got on a roll.
The problem was, the girls never took him seriously. Not about the opposite sex, anyway. How could they when he'd never married and never tried to hide his string of women from them as they'd grown up?
From the time they'd moved in with their bachelor uncle, he'd used them to pick up women—until Lola had gotten wind of his chick-magnet scheme and taken over, joining them on trips to the park, the mall, and the playground, making them appear to be one big happy family. And putting a serious dent in Uncle Yank's social life in the process. The sisters loved Lola as their surrogate mom and Uncle Yank couldn't function a day in his life without her. He was just too stubborn to see how much he needed and loved her, too.
"Lola and I can handle whatever business comes up until Micki and Sophie's schedules clear," Annabelle said, returning them to the discussion at hand.
"But I think we should consider bringing in new publicists," Micki said. "We've discussed expanding before and I think we're getting close to having no choice."
Sophie and Annabelle murmured in agreement. They were getting too successful to handle everything themselves.
"We'll talk about it," Yank promised.
"Next meeting?" Annabelle insisted, knowing he'd avoid it otherwise. She would, too, for much the same reasons. Annabelle hated to lose the family atmosphere that now dominated The Hot Zone.
"Next meeting," he agreed. "You always did know how to lead this group," Uncle Yank said, chuckling.
"That's my job." Annabelle forced a laugh but his words sobered her as the past came back all too clearly. Little did Uncle Yank know, she'd had to take on the role of leader and peacekeeper.
As the oldest sibling when their parents died, the fear of being separated from her sisters lived in Annabelle's heart. She was the only one who'd heard the social worker's threat to the lawyer. If Uncle Yank, the bachelor, balked at taking the girls or if he screwed up in any way, they'd end up in foster care. Nobody would have wanted to adopt kids their age, especially all three of them. Keeping the family together had become Annabelle's obsession. So any time Sophie and Micki argued, those words came back to haunt Annabelle.
"So, on to discussing the potential new client?" Lola asked.
Annabelle was grateful for the subject change. "Who?" she asked.
Sophie and Micki exchanged looks, a sure sign they already knew.
"Brandon Vaughn," Micki said, practically jumping out of her seat to be the first to tell.
"The Heisman winner and Dallas's franchise player until he blew out his knee," Sophie said, proud of her ability to spout from memory.
"A Hall of Famer and Uncle Yank's prize client until the guy bailed on him after his injury," Lola continued to enlighten them.
As if Annabelle could forget. She'd been away at school at the time of his departure. But that hadn't been the end of Brandon Vaughn.
"We were introduced at a charity event a few years ago," Annabelle murmured aloud. His blue eyes were mesmerizing and when he'd looked at her, it was as if no other woman existed. Not even the bimbo on his arm.
Posted February 11, 2008
Hot Stuff is a fun light-hearted book. I loved it and couldn't put it down. It was well written with likeable characters. The romance between Annabelle and Vaughn was HOT!!
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful.
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Posted January 16, 2008
i sooooo loved that book it was so romantic i only read hot stuff and hot numbers and it was so fantastic i am waiting for the book hot items to come in the mail i am so excited i can't wait.. carly should make movies the books it would be so popular
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful.
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Posted October 30, 2004
<P> Yank Morgan is a man that should be proud. His nieces¿ parents died while they were very young, and he¿s raised all three girls ¿ Annabelle, Sophie, and Michelle ¿ to be very responsible young woman. Yank¿s gone so far as allow his sports agency ¿ The Hot Zone - to also become a PR agency, and all three women, with their business degrees, play very important roles in their joint venture. <P> Presently, Brandon Vaughn needs The Hot Zone to represent him. Brandon has bad blood with Yank. Formerly a fantastic football player, and having suffered a career-ending injury, his former wife drew him to Yank¿s competition. Now that Brandon is trying to create a business in his hometown, and missing the fatherly relationship he once had with Yank, Brandon needs someone to represent him. This is critical because there is some serious sabotage going on at the lodge Brandon is building. <P> With Sophie and Michelle busy with other clients, Annabelle Jordan is forced to take on Brandon. The only problem is that her reaction to him ¿ and any jock ¿ is all-consuming. Will she be able to work with Brandon, with all the explosive chemistry brewing between them? One thing is for certain, Brandon is not just another jock. He has some powerful values that surpass anything Annabelle could have imagined. <P> Carly Phillips writes another winner with HOT STUFF! The characters are wonderful, and the story is written with exceptional pacing. I was drawn into the family dynamics, with eager anticipation for future stories in this series. Also, the side story of Yank¿s love life, or lack thereof, was a really nice touch. This August Harlequin single title of Phillips¿ will be followed in August of ¿05 and ¿06 with HOT NUMBER and HOT ITEM. Be certain to visit Ms. Phillips¿ website in order to find out more about this series, and other upcoming titles by this prolific New York Times Bestselling author. <P> (For Sizzling Romances, September, 2004)
1 out of 1 people found this review helpful.
Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.When their parents died in a plane crash in the Andes, the three preadolescent Jordan sisters (Annabelle, Sophie, and Michelle) moved in with their only living relative, Uncle Yank Morgan, who had spent an hour every few months with his nieces. The world of the girls changed from dresses and panties with bows to that of used jock straps, semi-naked athletes, and gambling as Uncle Yank is a sports lawyer. Though seemingly a misfit, the female trio raises their uncle to the best of their ability. Years later the three little orphans work as publicists in their uncle¿s business, The Hot Zone though along with his assistant the women run the firm in spite Yank¿s Judge Judy gavel......................... The oldest Annabelle was and still is the frilliest of the threesome. She finds herself attracted to client former football great, businessman Brandon Vaughn. He feels the same way though she avoids his passes. Soon, Annabelle realizes that Brandon has intercepted her heart, but fears the heartbreak of a bachelor who would simply prefer a touchback than a touchdown so she tries to hide her feelings and her still frilly panties from the hunk. Brandon sees time running out with no timeouts left, so he tries a Hail Mary pass to catch Annabelle in a permanent relationship............................... The first contemporary sports romance in the Hot Zone trilogy is a terrific tale due to a delightful lead couple, who may seem like opposites, but have more in common besides love. The secondary characters add depth from the moment the three little ones move in to live with their ¿slob¿ of an uncle. Carly Phillips¿ opening period is a Superbowl victory for readers................................. Harriet Klausner
1 out of 2 people found this review helpful.
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Posted August 9, 2013
Waited oh so patiently for guys to come f<__>uck her.
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Posted December 10, 2012
Great read
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Posted April 17, 2010
This goes along with other books in her series...she has a funny style of writing...It is a fun book to read
Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.Just a good quick read with strongly developed characters that you really get to know.
Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.Anonymous
Posted October 5, 2006
This was my first book by Carly Phillips. I liked some of it but it seemed that it was built to much on moving to quick to the bedroom without much of a plot. I like a good love story this one was just to quick on that part. I liked the basic story of their families. Ed
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Posted January 7, 2005
Carly phillips is a good writer. It was awesome!!!!!!
Was this review helpful? Yes NoThank you for your feedback. Report this reviewThank you, this review has been flagged.Anonymous
Posted August 24, 2004
Carly Phillip¿s Hot Stuff is a funny, sexy and emotional book. Annabelle Jordan has always felt she had to keep her sisters together after their parents sudden death. Their Uncle Yank took in Annabelle and her sisters as children. Now they are all adults and working at Yanks PR/Sports Agency. Annabelle has been assigned their newest client former football star Brandon Vaughn. Brandon Vaughn¿s playing days are over. He is going to open a lodge for winter guest and then a summer camp for disadvantaged kids. But his dream is under fire from on site problems and delays. He needs some good PR to help. He really wants to help kids since he didn¿t get the support he needed growing up. Annabelle goes to Brandon¿s hometown to give the project her special hands on tough. The project isn¿t the only thing getting that special touch. Brandon and Annabelle¿s chemistry is potent, it literally jumps off the page and grabs you. What starts out as an intense sexual attraction end up being so much more. I can¿t wait for the next sister¿s story.
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Posted August 13, 2004
Good plot idea, but characters were too predictable and dialogue was pretty goofy at times.
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Posted November 10, 2009
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World Series security a top priority
Law enforcement officials are reminding fans and visitors to St. Louis to secure any valuables in their car by placing them out of sight and locking their doors.
St. Louis police and the Cardinals are committed to ensuring a safe 2013 World Series experience, but they will need an assist from the public.
The Redbirds and Boston Red Sox play Games 3, 4 and 5 on Saturday, Sunday and Monday at Busch Stadium.
Officers will patrol in both uniform and undercover capacities -- in both marked and unmarked vehicles. They will also have more foot and mounted patrols.
Police are encouraging anyone who sees suspicious activity to alert a nearby officer or call 911.
There will be a pre-game pep rally at Ballpark Village beginning at 3:30 each afternoon and the gates to the stadium will open at 4:30 each day.
Latest News
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Health care advocates push for enrollment before deadli…
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. (AP) - Health care advocates are making an extra push to get people signed up for insurance through a federal website before a March 31 deadline. ...
VA jobs leaving St. Louis city
ST. LOUIS (AP) - The U.S. government is consolidating Veterans Affairs operations in the St. Louis area, meaning more than 800 jobs will be moving out of downtown St. Louis and ...
Normandy choral group excelling despite hardship
WELLSTON, Mo. (AP) - The Normandy School District has gone through a difficult year and is teetering on the verge of bankruptcy. But a high school chorale group is excelling, ea...
Illinois campaign finance challenge remains alive
SPRINGFIELD, Ill. (AP) - A lawsuit challenging Illinois' caps on political donations is unlikely to be resolved before the 2014 elections. That means limits put i...
WASHINGTON (AP) — U.S. hiring improved in February from the previous two months despite a blast of wintry weather, likely renewing hopes that growth will accelerate this year. ...


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Born: January 11 Primary Instrument: Vocalist
Award-winning Adele-Marina Wilding is a multi-talented singer/songwriter, composer/arranger and pianist. Previously based in England and Scotland, she paid her dues on the UK music scene, establishing herself as a respected singer/songwriter.
Born in Colchester, England to a Barbadian mother and an English father, Adele-Marina was raised and educated in Canada and Europe. She is a classically trained pianist and contralto whose formative influences include Robert Schumann and French Impressionist composers Claude Debussy and Gabriel Faure. Whilst in the UK, she studied vocal jazz with respected jazz vocalists-educators Angela Elliott and Louise Gibbs, and she received additional training from the Chelmsford Jazz Summer School, performing with UK luminaries Pete Churchill, Mark Lockheart, Phil Robson, to name but a few. Her studies culminated with the Diploma in Jazz and Popular Music Studies from the renowned Goldsmiths College, University of London. In Canada, Adele recently studied with international jazz vocalist Dee Daniels.
Adele-Marina has performed in notable jazz and singer-songwriter venues in the UK and Canada: Jazz Café, Hackney Empire Bullion Room, the Troubadour, (London), Sands Venue (formerly of Gainsborough), Rockers (Glasgow), Lady of the Lake (Canada), among many others. Adele-Marina's jazz/crossover stylings are reflected in her self-produced, commercial releases: 'Emeralds (& Other Little Gems)' (2004, Blue Dawn Records) and 'Sketches On Blue: Limited Edition EP' (2005, Blue Dawn Records). In 2007, she took a hiatus from the jazz scene to pursue a nu-folk project, resulting in the release of 'Portholes & Skylights: Limited Edition EP' (2009, ProdiGal Records). Tracks from all three CDs have earned Miss Wilding excellent reviews and airplay/appearances on national and international radio.
2005: Inaugural Winner of the BWA Nina Simone Award (nominated again in 2008)~ Freddie King, Scottish Jazz Vocalist (2008)
Exceptional singer…challenging and engaging arrangements…
~ Keith Ames, Musician Magazine (Review of 'Sketches On Blue EP', Summer 2007)
A prolific entertainer that combines jazz and pop in a very palatable way …a wonderful pianist with soul. …
~ Dan Brisebois, CanadianBands.com (Review of 'Sketches On Blue' EP, 2006)
One of the UK's leading jazz singer/songwriters and pianists…myriad talents…
~ EuroClubdeJazz (Review of 'Emeralds [& Other Little Gems]' CD, October 2004)
Evocative…moving, original music…Adele's extremely competent writing draws you in!
~ CD Star Music (Review of 'Emeralds [& Other Little Gems]' CD, Editor's Choice, June 2004)
Adele Wilding is unusual in that she not only possesses a beautiful and individual voice but also brings to her music making a keen and informed musical intelligence, daring to go where most other singers fear to tread by understanding and being in control of the minutiae of her compositions at every level.
~ Roger Cawkwell, Course Leader, Diploma in Jazz & Popular Music Studies, Goldsmiths College, London (2003)


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Summary: The political economy of toxic waste was summed up by Lawrence Summers--then chief economist at the World Bank, later U.S. Treasury Secretary--in his notorious claim that poor people live in environments that are, from an economic point of view, not sufficiently polluted. In its ceaseless search for profit, the toxic waste industry now routinely endangers the health of people around the worlds and the planet itself.
Girdner and Smith's Killing Me Softly exa ...show moremines the growth of the toxic waste industry and the economic logic behind its expansion. It gives a hard-hitting account of the damage it has done throughout the United States. It focuses in particular on the struggle of the people of Mercer County, Missouri, against the plans of Amoco Waste-Tech to establish a huge toxic waste landfill in the county. It shows how the persistence of ordinary people in a poor and politically marginalized area could prevail against the predations of corporate power.
Although race and ethnicity play a crucial role in deciding which communities are targeted for toxic waste dumps, Girdner and Smith argue that the critical cleavage within the United States and globally is that of class. The struggle for environmental justice has an important role to play in empowering poor communities and bringing them into a larger movement for social justice. ...show less
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text:
A new trojan Apher has been found on August 20th, 2002.
Disinfection & Removal
Allow F-Secure Anti-Virus to disinfect the relevant files.
For more general information on disinfection, please see Removal Instructions.
Technical Details
It was distributed in email messages as follows:
From:<email@example.com> Subject:Protect Your NetWare with KasperskyTM Anti-Virus Body: "Kaspersky Labs, an international data-security software developer, announces the official release of Kaspersky Anti-Virus 4.0. "We are pleased to present the latest version of our anti-virus product. The unique technology, updated design, and perfected administering system integrated into Kaspersky Anti-Virus 4.0 is the result of many years of work dedicated to improving the ease of working with the program and increasing computer defense reliability," said Natalya Kaspersky, Kaspersky Labs CEO. The new Kaspersky Anti-Virus version (Personal Pro, Personal, Lite) fully supports the Microsoft Windows XP operating system. Amongst this versions latest innovations are: a complete user interface upgrade corresponding to Tree Chart technology; perfected system installation that allows for the saving the configuration of previously installed versions, and a quarantine feature for isolating infected and suspicious objects; expanded treatment of infected archived files; an added function for the treatment of Microsoft Outlook Express and objects upon system start up and also a memory scanning of active applications; and simplified operating features for disk recovery. Best regards, If you have any questions please call +1(866) 7280-290" Attachment: AAPRICES.EXE
Once the attachment is executed it downloads and silently executes from a Russian web site a file Slnew.exe. This file is new variant of Backdoor.Death.25. The backdoor provides access to the compromised computer for a remote attacker.
F-Secure Anti-Virus detects Apher Death.25 with the update published on August 20th,
Detection Type: PC
Database: 2002-08-20_01
Description Created: Analysis: Katrin Tocheva, Gergely Erdelyi and Ero Carrera; F-Secure Corp.; August
20th, 2002
Submit a sample
Wondering if a file or URL is malicious? Submit a sample to our Lab for analysis via the Sample Analysis System (SAS)
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text:
"Informative But Flawed"
David Allen knows what he is talking about when it comes to the art of getting things done, and it shows in his book. The information is amazing, indeed it could seriously be called life-changing. However, the biggest issue with this audiobook is the fact that it is an audiobook. This is a guide, a textbook, and a checklist, among other things. Step-by-step instructions and charts/graphs are not nearly as effective as spoken word as in paper form. This is a wonderful book, and anyone who is interested in GTD should consider this the cornerstone of their efforts. If you want this as an audiobook for convenience or another reason you will not be disappointed, but do yourself a favor and re-read it in physical form, you will get far more out of it.
"I tamed the email beast!!"
My new boss lauded the "project based" approach of this author so I started listening on the way to work. What a difference. Previously, I had emails trailing down for pages and pages. After using the suggestions for three different buckets, I'm back on top of it. My next task is to tame the paper beast and get it working for me.
"Great method, boring listen"
I am a big believer in GTD. However, listening to this on a 600 mile trip nearly caused an accident. It is so boring without the illustrations, that I nearly drove off the road. Get the abridged version or buy it in paperback.
SciFi and Business Productivity
"Excellent Information"
This is not really a motivational book. It is practical and usable information for organizing and processing the mental clutter for your corporate and home life. Some of it feels outdated since it was written in 2002 and focuses heavily on the world of paper files, email, and mentions older programs. But, he is pretty clear though that you need to use the system that you'll actually use. I manage nicely with an iPhone and the 2Do app with minimal paper (though he did convince me to set up and use my file drawer anyway.) The base information is timeless and easily applied to modern programs.
Like many books of this nature it has about 5 minutes of principles and spends hours explaining how and why to apply it. Don't be discouraged by this. It takes about halfway through the book to figure out that having a simple and usable method for organizing your life is far better than the way that most of us wing it or rush from fire to fire. I've been applying this and it's started to lift the crushing weight of my to do list and let me focus on being productive.
Also check out the gtdtimes website for lots of free info.
"Great Book"
I read David Allen's book and then got the audiobook. I have been using the Getting Things Done (GTD) system for the last year and it has done exactly as advertised. I am more in control of my tasks and my stress has been reduced.
"Excellent book!"
I first noticed this book while standing in line to board a plane. I asked the guy, "Is it any good?" He looked me dead in the eye and gave an emphatic, "Oh yeah." I have to agree. It really is a "MUST READ" book for anyone serious about communicating ideas.
"Should be required reading for life"
Content covers the gap between I know I should be more organized and stuff actually getting done. A must how to book for those who know they should but don't know exactly in detail how to make it happen. He also gives ways to measure your progress that assure you aren't just doing frustrating busy work. This book should be required reading for life.
I'm a lawyer and mediator. I represent businesses in disputes with their insurers and in other complex litigation. I also assist machinery companies and manufacturers (primarily international) with equipment sales, non-disclosure agreements, and business issues. I also mediate commercial disputes.
"Helps Get Rid of the Clutter"
This book has been out a long time, and there is not a lot that I can add to other reviews. It presents a straight-forward method for eliminating the clutter, interruptions, and mindless thinking that plague so many of us in the modern world.
The book is a little dated, but the principles are timeless, do not let that be a deterrent to reading it. However, if Mr. Allen wanted to do a revised version with a focus more on email and current tools for implementing the system, it would be welcome.
This book is all about process and it has a lot of lists and tools, so it would probably be a good idea to buy an electronic or hard copy print version with it.
This book basically covers a system, or series of systems a person could use to organize and complete tasks. It shows you how to create lists of everything that you have to do, and figure out which is the most important thing to come next.
I think the best part of the book is that it teaches you to write things down when you realize you have to do them, so that you aren't wasting mental energy thinking about them. You also have to develop a habit of going back to your list and going "what's next?" when you have free time to do it, but otherwise you don't find yourself every trying to remember things or forgetting things, so you are free to focus completely on what you are doing.
It's also pretty complex, as the system has to be adjusted for different types of work and lifestyles, but he sortof explains it as someone who has tried everything with different people and has seen what works for them.
"A few good tips buried in a mountain of trivia"
In Getting Things Done there are a couple of really nice little gems on how to organise your life and get more out of it. Unfortunately it's a bit like trying to find needles in a haystack to get these gems. To get to these gems you need to go through a lot of useless, outdated trivia and repetition. I still gave it a three star rating because the tips I am using are helpful. I'd recommend getting the abridged version though; you'll get to the gems faster.


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Hotels in Flat Rock
Mountain Inn & Suites Flat Rock
Mountain Inn & Suites Flat Rock
Hotel Guest Reviews of the Mountain Inn & Suites Flat Rock
Our hotel ratings and reviews are from real hotel guests. Priceline.com ensures that its reviews are guests-only by proactively sending hotel surveys to customers after they've completed their hotel stays. In the post-stay surveys, priceline.com hotel customers are asked a number of questions about their stay and the hotel. On a scale of 1-10 with 10 being the best, the survey asks guests to rate their overall experience and specifically rate the hotel's cleanliness, staff and location. Priceline.com does not allow site visitors to post unsolicited hotel reviews.Sort by: All Travelers | Solo Traveler(1) | Family with Teens(1)
Chris from Batesburg, SC
October 27, 2010
Solo Traveler
October 27, 2010
Solo Traveler
beautiful, clean, workers were very helpful
the only thing i didnt like and this is small but the walls very thin and people up above seemed like they were making lotta noise walking around
Great, beautiful hotel, helpful and friendly staff, great and easy location to get to.
Virgil from Miami, FL
August 25, 2010
Family Traveling with Teens
August 25, 2010
Family Traveling with Teens
The staff was very helpfull and our luandry was done for free and the buffet breakfast was very good!!
Great place to stay! It was 20-30 minutes away from evrything.
Reviews of Mountain Inn & Suites Flat Rock
(1 - 2 of 2 reviews)
(1 - 2 of 2 reviews)
Most Popular Guest-Rated Hotels in Flat Rock
- Mountain Inn & Suites Flat Rock
- Mountain Lodge & Conference Center
- Holiday Inn Express Hendersonville-Flat Rock


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Explore The Alps and eastern Bavaria Füssen Neuschwanstein and Hohenschwangau Steingaden and the Wieskirche Oberammergau Ettal and Schloss Linderhof Garmisch-Partenkirchen Walchensee and Kochelsee Tegernsee Schliersee Chiemsee and around Berchtesgaden Along the Danube Share Smaller and less developed than its neighbour, Schliersee has a similarly sublime mountain backdrop and clear waters, but where Tegernsee has a sophisticated air, in Schliersee cows graze in the centre of the village. Dominating the lakefront is the big modern Vitalwelt spa complex, which contains a pool, sauna, solarium, whirlpool and water slides (daily 10am–8pm; €4.50 for 90min, €8 for 3 hr, Tageskarte €10). Boats of the Schlierseeschifffhahrt depart the nearby landing stage for 45-minute cruises to the island of Wörth in the centre of the lake (hourly; €5). On the eastern side of the village a cable car ascends to the 1061m Schliersbergalm (daily: 8.30am–10pm; €7 return, €4 single) for panoramic views over the lake; there's also mini-golf and a summer toboggan run. Read More
More about Germany Explore Germany Berlin and Brandenburg Saxony Saxony-Anhalt and the Harz Thuringia Northern Bavaria: Franconia Munich and central Bavaria The Alps and eastern Bavaria Baden-Württemberg The Black Forest Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland Hesse North Rhine-Westphalia Lower Saxony and Bremen Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Inspiration Things not to miss Explore Germany Itineraries Features Gallery Where Next? Check out Saxony Book a hostel in Germany Essentials Essentials Fact file Getting there Getting around Accommodation Food and drink The media Festivals Sports and outdoor activities Culture and etiquette Shopping Travelling with children Travel essentials Shop Books ebooks Apps Travel Insurance Hostels


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The Good Deals Pioneers Fund is offering a significant cash investment and an estimated £50,000 business support via the Young Foundation's Accelerator programme. The closing date for applications is Friday 26 October – get involved now to kick-start your start venture.
Apply now for Good Deals Pioneers Fund!
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Fish Fish! Manga (Original)
Artist description:
For my Dearest Friend...this isn't tuna..but..a relative i think..? 8D
for Tina..aka Inori
Created Nov 24, 2012. Unless noted Copyright 2012
Yuumoko Izumi .
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i thought you were just kidding about this xD it's cute! i like it, thank you! :3


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The 2011 release of Gundlach Bundschu Gewurztraminer expresses the cool-climate terroir of the estate's historic vineyard on the Sonoma Coast. Aromas of baking spice, pear, and passion fruit follow on the crisp palate with citrus and lychee. A brightly dry and minerally finish begs for Asian cuisine. This fine and classically styled dry Gewurztraminer is a flagship bottling for the varietal in California.
Below is a listing of the wine review scores we frequently reference in our notes. While these sources remain an excellent source of information, we always recommend that you trust your own palate. Scores in these publications often represent the personal taste of an individual critic, which may not always coincide with your own. We have a huge team of excellent wine professionals that can match wines you've had in the past with new arrivals that meet your flavor profile.
The item you have chosen is not in stock in our retail stores or within our main warehouse.
2012 Charles Smith "Kung Fu Girl" Evergreen Columbia Valley Riesling $9.99
2012 Bonterra Mendocino County Viognier $12.99
2012 Prisoner Wine Co. "Blindfold" California White Wine $29.99
2013 Pine Ridge Chenin Blanc-Viognier $11.99
2012 Barber Cellars "Chimaera" Sonoma Mountain Pinot Gris $16.99