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Animal & Veterinary
MUMS Research - MRLs and Tolerances
Dr. Ronald Baynes
DR. BAYNES: Let me thank the organizers, Art and Alistair and many others who invited me to come and give this controversial, if you like, talk or discussion about MRLs and tolerances. I hope I can set the playing field for
Dr. Kornelia Greein who can go into more details on how this applies to MUMS. What I thought, the function of me being here was to go over some of the rules for establishing MRL. (Adjusting microphone.)
I hope at the end of the day I can convince you that there is a standard way you can go about deriving these MRLs, tolerances, here in the United States and internationally which are health-based derived safe levels.
One of the first things I want to reiterate is that doing residues can be a risk to pubic health. I want to talk about AMDUCA. If it wasn't for AMDUCA the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank would not exist. I would like to talk about the pharmacological concepts that we use in deriving extended withdrawal time intervals. This is the function of FARAD, I also want to ask the question why do we need to establish these safe levels. How do various agencies in the US -- predominantly the US is my focus -- and internationally establish these levels. Then I want to -- (Laughter.)
DR. WEBB: Start again.
DR. BAYNES: Then I want to propose a transparent method, and transparent is a buzz word that we really like to use a lot nowadays, especially in the arena of harmonization of standards across the board and tolerances and MRLs. We have come up with a term called a PAR thanks to Dr. Craigmill and Dr. Tomas Martin of Illinois now, and Dr. Jim Revere and myself. We are saying basically a PAR is similar to a tolerance or an MRL, but it is transparent.
Let me first of all before I get to the slides say that what is driving these two things. Based on AMDUCA, we are required to come up with an extra-label, and extended extra-label withdrawal time. In order to do this, we need to have tolerance. If there is no tolerance or there is no MRL, we need to come up with one. This is where the PAR fits in here. Okay? Once we have that line, that horizontal line, then we can pretty much go to the kinetic data and begin to come up with an estimation of an extended withdrawal time for extra-label drug use. This of course applies to MUMS. (Slide.)
Can people really get sick from drug residues? Yes. A classic example is what happened in Spain and France over 10, 12 years ago where people were exposed to livers which were tainted with clenbuterol. We also have here in the United States six of 38 animals tested at a state fair in 1995 with clenbuterol, and the FDA is well aware of this. We have individuals who are compounding and smuggling several of these illegal products, or these prohibited products.
What are these drugs? Many times they can be over-the-counter or prescription drugs, but I put this up here to emphasize the fact that over-the-counter antibiotic drugs can lead to antibiotic residues. These are probably the majority of drugs sold in the United States. So many times if you use these drugs not according to the label, you can result in antibiotic residues.
The next category of drugs I want to talk about are the prohibited drugs, and this list is growing since AMDUCA came into being in 1994. I heard someone talk about chloramphenicol yesterday being used. Chloramphenicol is nasty substance. It causes aplastic anemia. Therefore it has been pulled for use in animals. This list I have here is for the dairy. I normally supply this list to dairy practitioners, but this can be applied to other species. Clenbuterol is there; colloidal silver; DES; DMSO; dipyrone, no longer in many veterinary practices; enrofloxacin for obvious reasons has some very strict, strict label uses. A strict label uses includes the fact that, it cannot be used dairy; and in the last three or four years nitrofurazone; and of course nitroimidazoles because of the mutogenic concerns with these class of drugs.
Another group of chemicals, moving away from drugs now, are the pesticides. We tend to ignore these, and this is where our PAR approach can be applied across many species irrespective of whether a drug or a pesticide. Treat it as a chemical. In another words, you are not tied down, you know, with extrapolations jut to drugs. So we can have accidental exposure, terrorist exposure, you name it. Some of these nasty substances, whether it is dioxin in Europe back in 1999. In this case, we were able to come up with a recommendation to the folks in Brussels for dioxin exposure. So these are the kinds of chemicals that we need to pay attention, just not drugs alone.
AMDUCA, the Animal Medical Drug Use Clarification Act, 1994 came into existence after a lot of hard work. This slide says that extra-label use of drugs has been legalized and FDA CVM in the United States has published regulations for extra-label drug use. FARAD is a major source of extra-label drug use information. This legislation as far as I am aware is not in existence in Canada and other countries, but other countries for the last couple of years have developed a FARAD kind of program, especially in Canada. They are also recognizing the need to generate a database from which we can make extrapolations, and this is through the mechanism of Canadian G-FARAD.
What are these guidelines on AMDUCA? What are these guidelines? These are very strict guidelines. You must have a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship. Use currently marketed drug for the disease, or recommended does is ineffective. For example, a veterinarian cannot say, "I want to use phenylbutasone because it is cheap instead of banamine. Banamine has been out there on the markets approved for cattle. This product is obviously more expensive than phenylbutasone ---, but the law does not allow or rather the law says you need to use the currently marketed product. Some of you may be aware of a concern and the controversy around fenylbutezone. We won't go through that. We don't have time for that this morning.
You must have records and other measures to identify the treated animals. You must have some indication. Then you must significantly extend the withdrawal period. Significantly extend the withdrawal period so there are no illegal residues. This information is not on the bottle. It doesn't say 2X dose two days, 3X dose four days. It is not there on the bottle. So where do you go from there? This is why FARAD is in existence, to provide this information.
This is one of three kinetic slides, so bear with me. We can use a drug, give it by some route (eg), by IV administration. You get an absorption phase going from left to right. Then you get an elimination phase. What we do in FARAD is that we use the residue elimination phase, to come up with some explanation of the half life. We extrapolate that back to the tolerance or the MRL. I will talk a little bit later why you can't use the MRL if it is in the United States. We use a tolerance or a PAR, which is similar to a tolerance, and where those lines cross, that is our withdrawal time. That is of course is an over simplification.
What if you give a larger dose? If you give a dose and it results in a concentration of 10 parts per million --. Then you double the dose, and we are assuming linear kinetics. The dose, the concentration in the tissue is obviously doubled to 20 parts per million. You can see again provided the elimination is linear, the rate constants should be the same and the half life should be the same as seen by the slope. What if you have a change in clearance and a change in drug distribution? Protein binding, disease processes can change distribution resulting in differences in protein binding. Physiological changes in the animal can result in clearance, changes in clearance. So as a result of that the slope will change. You get the less steep slope. So the half life will change, and therefore because of that slope moving to the right you will get an intercept now to the right, which crosses the tolerance level. So obviously in a diseased animal or the change in physiology, you expect to get an extended withdrawal time period. Somebody alluded to that I believe yesterday, about concerns of diseased animals; withdrawal times are going to change.
What we are trying to do here at FARAD is to model these effects. We are not to the physiological and disease state yet. What we are trying to do many times is model the simplest scenarios. That is looking at dose effect. So all that preamble gets to really what should be my first slide, how is the tolerance derived for this example of oxytetracycline. Where would you place the tolerance line? That is the question I ask. Where do you place the tolerance line for milk data for goats and for cattle? For cattle, yes, we know. In the United States that tolerance line should be 0.3. In the United Kingdom and Europe it is 0.1.
Let's step backward and look at the process that FDA CVM uses. We first of all have to recognize that when a study is conducted we are normally going to use data from a series of animals, sometimes 25 animals, five animals for each time point. We are going to come up with a average, which is the central line through there, and around that we have of course the confidence interval. So we are going to be looking for the slowest peaking animal, with a conference interval around it. Now where that line crosses the tolerance or the MRL, that is going to be the withdrawal time.
The examples I have up here are for tolerance one or MRL one, tolerance two or MRL two, is to show you by shifting those lines around, shifting those safe levels around, you can significantly affect the withdrawal time. Okay? The withdrawal time will be increased or decreased depending upon the level. So this slide is showing you a number of things that are important at the regulatory level.
This is our strategy. For the last couple of years we have been asking questions ---, at CVM, at JECFA. How do you guys do this? Give us an example. Please make it transparent so we can get on with the job of doing extra-label withdrawal time based on AMDUCA. It has been hard. It has been very difficult. So what we did was come up with our own system. This is the PAR. This system is going to be a mirror image of what is going on in the United States. The aim is to make it transparent so we can do the extrapolations.
The reason why we want to do this is if you don't have a US tolerance or a safe concentration, we need to go back to the toxicology data. It should be available to all of us because it is a drug submission package, and look at the NOEL and ADI or look at the safety factors. All those are important in coming in with the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Well, we can spend another hour talking about NOELs, the problems with NOELs. Why don't we use benchmark dose? Why aren't PBPK methods being used in deriving a better reference dose?
Safety factors are another big issue. All the safety factors, (all the tens and the thousands) are used to drive ADI. So we are primarily using the same data package to come up with these parts. Some folks say, "Well, why don't you use the MRLs?" One of the public comments yesterday was about that. Why don't we just use MRLs so that minor species, equals major species. No, that is not going to work here in the United States or in Europe. In some cases foreign MRLs always equals to US tolerances. The drug we are now working on, sulfamethazine has a MRL of 0.1 PPM, and for the last five years it wasn't explained to me why all tissues have a tolerance of 0.1 parts per million. Anyway, generally they are not always equal. So one can not always extrapolate MRLs for all purposes. Foreign methods differ from US methods because of partitioning of the ADI. Once you derive that ADI how that is partitioned varies from country to country. Gut flora are considered. The NOELs are differently as I said. The MRL determinations are not always strictly health based because of some of the changes sometimes occur at the end of the process. Even though NOELs may be the same, they are not always strictly health based. There is always some fudge factor thrown in there at the end, and I can also say that for the tolerances as well. I don't want to pick on the MRLs alone.
I just grabbed a few drugs, threw them together. I should get a straight line right? Should be a nice straight line if we are going to harmonize MRLs and tolerances. These are JECFA MRLs on the left, US tolerance on the right. I believe this is for the liver. The liver is the marker target tissue, and we are looking at albendazole, ceftiofur, there is only one that is sort of compliant, neomycin. You see tetracycline there to the far right. We --- see problems here with tetracycline with the tolerance being six times that of JECFA's MRL. So you see the problems why we can't use MRLs here for our estimation.
So what we are saying is the PAR is similar to the US FDA definition of a safe concentration. We were looking at total residues. Again, a safe concentration is equal to the ADI times the body weight divided by the food consumption values. Again, another variable, and a variable which has a wide distribution within itself because food consumption varies across the populations, even within a population. An ADI now is the NOEL divided by the safe factor. The NOEL is the greatest amount of drug found, or toxicant or chemical, found to cause no observable adverse effect in the test animal.
The NOEL is now divided by these safety factors. As I said, these safety factors can be 100, can be 200, 300, 2,000, 1,000. These are some of the reasons why we have these numbers here. The 100 comes from 10 times 10, where the 10 comes, the 10 is for interspecies, and other 10 for interspecies variability. Then that 10 is also looking at pharmacokinetic differences, so we have these safe factors, which are fudge factors if you like, which are thrown in there to pretty much provide an estimate until we can have some idea of what that uncertainty is. Where that uncertainty occures, we will use 10. Okay? It is a very conservative value in coming up with that NOEL.
Food consumption values, as I said, is another variable in this estimation of MRL and tolerances. We assume based on these total basket dietary studies that have been done over the years that we consume 300 grams of muscle, 100 grams of liver, and so on. We can assume we consume 1.5 liters of milk per day for 70 years. Okay? These are the estimations. These are some of the estimations we use. We assume --- more milk and more muscle than other organ tissues, and we really do not eat a full portion of meat product, and this of course pertains to MUMS. Individuals do not always eat a full portion of meat product from another species. A big assumption there as well.
So where are we now? Do we go with the ADI? This then gets to a situation where I am showing you where all these variables can impact that ADI, the NOELs, the safe factors and uncertainties associated with it. We are going to take that ADI, and we need to move on now to derive that safe level, that tolerance, that PAR, that MRL, whatever you want to call it. How do we get there?
The next step, partition this ADI. How we partition this is a matter of deep controversy again. We can spend a week workshop talking about that. Okay? We won't. What I found in our research is that FDA, the US FDA, CVM, will follow a procedure which sort of mirrors procedure A where they have taken 50 percent of that ADI. Right, for the target tissue, muscle, and then reserved 50 percent for milk. Sometimes they reserve 90 percent for milk. It varies. Again, you see the variability of procedure A.
Procedure B. Just like the previous speaker, I was trying to understand what is going on at the regulatory level so we can better estimate a safe level for primary purposes. The primary purpose, to get an extended withdrawal time for extra-label drug uses. This again applies to MUMS.
Once we decide how we are going to partition it, we divide the ADI by food consumption value, and I think all countries agree with this. Okay, 0.3 kilograms of muscle and so forth. We then come up with a safe concentration for total residues. That is what the safe concentration refers to. Then we obtain residue depletion data and begin looking to see if there is metabolism, and if there is metabolism then that metabolite is the marker residue. Otherwise a paired compound is what we want to monitor.
This profile here is just a simplification of what goes on here. Once we have the total residues, we can pretty much derive a safe concentration or a PAR, okay, for that tissue. If the marker residue as I said is a metabolite, we can come up with a tolerance of what we call a provisional acceptable tissue -- sorry, provisional acceptable tolerance or PAT. We like kind of acronyms at FARAD. But it works for us because we can estimate again a safe withdrawal time provided we have this horizontal line. You want a safe line for which to estimate a withdrawal time.
So I said there are three procedures that I have been able to derive or been able to glean from my observations from all the data that has been approved around the world, and the PARs A -- just summarizing. PARs A, PARs B, PARs C, pretty much is how we are going to go about coming up with a safe level. You can use either one or the other, depending on the situation. To my example, I only have one example.
Some of you may have heard this talk before. I given three, four examples, and by the way this was published several years ago in Regulatory Pharmacology Toxicology. I don't have time to go through this entire slide, but what I want you to focus on is that of PARs A look at the values for PARs A which we were able to come up with. They are similar to the US tolerances, current US tolerances in the United States. The asterisk pertains to the old US tolerances. We saw the mirror of JECFA's MRLs, and you can see the total maximum daily intake at the bottom, TMDI, and you can see it pretty much exceeds the ADI to some extent, significantly if you use the US tolerance. A matter of contention, an issue, we can debate that ad nauseam, but I won't.
The answer to the original question is the US tolerance for tetracycline is 0.3 parts per million under current regulations of the CFR, and this is similar to the PARA procedure, but the EU MRL is 0.1 part per million. So if the US uses a foreign approved MRL or withdrawal time, this means -- I have to tell the dairy producers here, "I'm sorry you have to throw away more milk." Primarily because you have to extend the withdrawal time. So this is a scenario here. These are some of the problems when you are trying to extrapolate across MRLs or using MRLs in the United States.
A summary of basically what I have just said is that there is little or no -- correlation, but really no correlation between US tolerances and foreign MRLs. In the case of oxytetracycline and the tetracycline family there can be as much as 20 times -- (this is for liver), the EU MRL. This can result in total maximum daily intakes for us humans based on the assumptions I said, 1.5 liters of milk consumed per day for 70 years and so on -- can result in a TMDI here --- ADI, acceptable daily intake which is based on the tox data. PARs and PATs, which are the safe concentrations of tolerances, are comparable to US tolerances for tetracycline. Safe concentrations were found here for ivermectin somewhat.
Dexamethasone is a classical one I like to talk about because dexamethasone is approved for use in the United States with no tolerance. There is no tolerance set. But under AMDUCA, why would you give dexamethasone to a dairy cow at a higher dose than approved? If so, you have to come up with some kind of tolerance. This is where FARAD fits in. This is what we have been doing. Okay? Azaperone is another good example.
Partitioning methods, by agencies are inconsistent and difficult to follow. With tetracycline you notice a 40 percent allocation to tissues, 60 percent to milk, not the 50/50 as I said before.
These enforceable residue levels can be established on health-based principles, not politics -- or how you feel today. PARs and PATs insures that the TMDI is less, can be less, total maximum daily intake or less than ADI. These values may be used in the advent of accidental exposure to contaminants or any terrorist chemical attack on food supplies if you like, or as is primarily the function of FARAD in extra-label drug use. Okay? The estimated safe withdrawal interval. These methods are transparent and hopefully would encourage harmonization. Thank you.
DR. WEBB: Our final speaker of this morning's session is Dr. Kornelia Grein. She says she is a qualified chemist and a pharmacist, so I guess druggists are in again. She holds a PhD in chemistry from the Free University of Berlin, and she worked for a period of time as a pharmacist. She then joined the dark side like all these other people did and she went to the German environmental agencies and was scientific administrator in risk assessment. She was --- to the European commission in adoption and implementation of the EU legislation on existing chemicals. She then went to EMEA as head of sector for Safety of Veterinary Medicines, and she is also a coordinator for regulatory authorities with the VICH.


text: Programs gives businesses a boostBy: Tammy Rollie | Posted: Wednesday, Jan 15, 2014 08:38 am A Black Diamond woman was well rewarded for spending her money in local shops last month. Joanne Irwin entered the Western Wheel�s Black Diamond and Turner Valley Stop and Shop Christmas Gift Pass program, where for every $100 shoppers spent in 10 participating Diamond Valley stores they were entered in a draw for one of six prizes. Irwin�s name was drawn for $250 worth of Wheel bucks to spend at participating stores. Although Irwin is delighted at the prize, she didn�t need incentive. �You have to support the businesses that are here in town and so I think shopping locally is very important,� she said. �I always try to do a lot of my Christmas shopping in town wherever I can.� The idea for the stop and shop program came from Western Wheel sales representative for the Diamond Valley area Diana Locke, duplicating a similar program held in Okotoks with great success. �I wanted to find creative ways and new concepts for the Diamond Valley community for a shop local program,� she said. �It was an inexpensive way for businesses to participate and give back to the community through prize winning.� More than $15,000 was spent in Diamond Valley stores through the program, said Locke. Salus Wellness Centre owner Ingrid Joulin Kehler said her clients really enjoyed it, yet business was down substantially from previous seasons. �I don�t know if it had anything to do with the (2013) flood,� she said. �Everything was a little quieter here in town. It seems to be the way it has been here in Black Diamond for a while � since the flood.� Naramata Bench Clothing Co. owner Lori Czerwinski didn�t have a previous Christmas season to compare to, having opened shop last year, but said businesses is getting better all the time. �Since I�ve opened my doors every month has improved,� he said. �That�s very encouraging.� Most who shopped at her store last month were local, which Czerwinski attributes to activities like Black Diamond�s light up event and the stop and shop program. Owner of Nature Arranged Bev Geier said there are some businesses residents aren�t aware exist and projects like these are a great way to get the word out. �It�s really good exposure,� she said. �It�s a good value to the merchants and the value to the customer is winning the money.� Town of Black Diamond economic development and events coordinator David Petrovich said the Town sponsored the program to give merchants an opportunity to gain more exposure while supporting each other. �This whole concept, I just loved it,� he said. �I welcome any initiative that brings businesses as a group closer together.� Although the most prosperous time for Diamond Valley businesses is summer, the winter is important to keep them going until the busy season starts up again, Petrovich said. �Many of the businesses were robbed from that during the flood,� he said. �If they don�t get a start up on their reserve they are not going to make it through the winter.� Prize winners for the stop and shop program include Okotokian Jennifer Graham, who won $700 in Wheel bucks, Calgarian Brenda Davies won the Bohemia gift basket, Black Diamond�s Tara Pelrine won the Wonderland Studio/Sparkly Babe gift basket, Okotokian Jane Russell won the Naramata Bench Clothing Co. scarf and Okotokian Alison Chudleigh the Salus Wellness Centre gift certificate. Other participating businesses were the Chuckwagon Caf�, Chinook Windz Pets, Bali Bling, Rona and Black Diamond Gallery. CommentsThe Okotoks Western Wheel welcomes your opinions and comments. We do not allow personal attacks, offensive language or unsubstantiated allegations. We reserve the right to delete comments deemed inappropriate. We reserve the right to close the comments thread for stories that are deemed especially sensitive. For further information, please contact the editor or publisher. blog comments powered by Disqus |

subset: commoncrawl


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Splenectomy - microscopic - discharge; Laparoscopic splenectomy - discharge
Your spleen was removed after you were given general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free).
The surgeon made 3 to 4 small incisions (cuts) in your belly. The laparoscope and other medical instruments were inserted through these cuts. Carbon dioxide gas was pumped into your belly to expand the area to help your surgeon see better.
Recovering from laparoscopic spleen removal usually takes about 1 to 3 weeks. You may have some of these symptoms as you recover:
Make sure your home is safe as you are recovering. For example, remove throw rugs to prevent tripping and falling. To stay safe in the bathroom, install grab bars to help you get in and out of the tub or shower.
Start walking soon after surgery. Begin your everyday activities as soon as you feel up to it. Move around the house, shower, and use the stairs at home during the first week. If it hurts when you do something, stop doing that activity.
You may be able to drive after 7 to 10 days if you are not taking narcotic pain drugs. You may lift 15 pounds or less. Do not do any heavy lifting or straining for the first 1 to 2 weeks after surgery.
You may be able to go back to a desk job within a few weeks.
Your doctor will prescribe pain medicines for you to use at home. If you are taking pain pills 3 or 4 times a day, try taking them at the same times each day for 3 to 4 days. They may work better this way.
Try getting up and moving around if you are having some pain in your belly. This may ease your pain.
Press a pillow over your incision when you cough or sneeze to ease discomfort and protect your incision.
If sutures (stitches), staples, or glue were used to close your skin, you may remove the dressings (bandages) and take a shower the day after surgery.
If strips of tape strips were used to close your skin, cover the incisions with plastic wrap before showering for the first week. Do not try to wash the tape off. They will fall off in about a week.
Do not soak in a bathtub or hot tub or go swimming until your doctor tells you it is okay (usually 1 week).
Most people live a normal active life without a spleen, but there is always a risk of getting an infection. This is because the spleen is part of the body's immune system, helping fight infections.
You will be more likely to get infections after your spleen is removed:
Keeping up to date on your immunizations will be very important. Ask your doctor if you should have these vaccinations:
You may need to take antibiotics every day for some time. Do not stop taking antibiotics without checking with your doctor. Some people will need to take antibiotics every day for several years after surgery.
Things you can do to help prevent infections:
Call your doctor or nurse if:
Cadili A, de Gara C. Complications of splenectomy. Am J Med. 2008;121:371-375.
Shelton J, Holzman MD. The spleen. In: Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 19th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 57.
Last reviewed 2/7/2013 by Matthew M. Cooper, MD, FACS, Medical Director, Cardiovascular Surgery, HealthEast Care System, St. Paul, MN. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Also reviewed by A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc., Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Bethanne Black, Stephanie Slon, and Nissi Wang.
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Understanding the Business Client - System Developer Relationship: a Power Perspective
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Title | Understanding the Business Client - System Developer Relationship: a Power Perspective |
Author | Rowlands, Bruce Hamilton |
Book Title | Reframing Humans in Information Systems Development |
Editor | S Pekkola & H Isomaki |
Year Published | 2011 |
Citation | United Kingdom: Springer pp. 55-73 |
Peer Reviewed | Yes |
Published | Yes |
Alternative URI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-347-3_4 |
Research Centre | Institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems |
Faculty | Faculty of Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology |
Publication Type | Book Chapters |
Please use this identifier to cite this record: http://hdl.handle.net/10072/40355
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...she's knows everything. There really isn't much this divine creature doesn't know about fashion.
A while ago she told me that Warehouse, a UK high street chain store for those unfamiliar with the name, would be stocking a white tuxedo jacket. She knew I was on the hunt for one and ever since I have been keeping my Queenly eyes peeled for it. Well, today I went onto the site and there sat a lurvverly white tuxedo with black lapels, just like she said.
Not being a waistcoat person, I am actually surprisingly tempted by this matching one, for a wee nod to Ann D you understand.
This white jacket will be a perfect addition to my wardrobe and I can already see how versatile it will be. I now just need to master not spilling tea all over myself whenever I carry a cup from kitchen to desk!
Queen Michelle


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Click on a label to read posts from that part of the world.
Hong Kong-Macau Bridge to be Built
The result: in 6-7 years it will be possible to drive from the mainland to Macau to Hong Kong without having to board a ferry or even get out of your car. Impatient compulsive gamblers will not have to deal with sea-sickness or tardy ferryboat captains on the way to Macau. The bridge will also do wonders for the mainland, turning an already crazy shopping scene into an orgy of consumerism and name-brand knockoffs.
But what about the storied ferry service? Will it disappear? Probably not. When the tunnel was built under Victoria Harbor, ferries continued to do a brisk business up above. The same would probably be true for the HK-Macau service. Emphasis on probably.
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Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
jb Aug 6th 2008 9:55PM
The hour-long ferry to Macau is expensive (USD15-30) and after the first 15 minutes a bore. The cattle car experience and horrible immigration facilities is another big downer.
The ferries from TST to HK Island have survived because it's a 10 minute ride costing 25 cents(US), and is almost exclusively taken by tourists.
A more apt comparison is the Chunnel: how have the ferry companies fared since then?
PS: The increasing number of ads on Gadling is also a bore and a downer. Keep it up and your Loyal Readers will likely gad onto the TNBT.
eric ilowski Aug 7th 2008 7:41PM
Will this bridge also have rails for something like the MRT? I believe it would be a shame if they didn't incorporate such a plan.
Cleopatra Stanonik Oct 12th 2008 10:38PM
I agree with Eric...It is important that rails are incorporated into the plan...... Cleopatra


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16th April 2013
Archbishop of Canterbury to discuss gay rights with Peter Tatchell on Thursday 50
12:33 PM — The Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby, is set to discuss gay rights with Peter Tatchell on Thursday at Lambeth Palace.
12th April 2013
South African cardinal: 'I can't be accused of homophobia because I don't know any homosexuals' 65
6:22 PM — A South African cardinal has rejected accusations that he is homophobic, saying it is impossible because he knows no gay people.
Northern Ireland: Health minister ordered to release gay blood ban advice 15
11:38 AM — Northern Ireland Health Minister Edwin Poots has been ordered to release advice from the country's attorney general, which he used to justify a lifetime ban on gay men giving blood.
Zambia: Gay rights activist Paul Kasonkomona granted bail 1
10:52 AM — A gay rights activist and HIV campaigner has been granted bail in Zambia, having called for same-sex relationships to be decriminalised.
10th April 2013
Church in Wales to study gay relationships in order to 'map out the way ahead' 16
4:29 PM — The Archbishop of Wales has announced a new study of gay relationships at a meeting of the Church in Wales' governing body.
2nd April 2013
Irish Catholic bishop: 'Attempts to equate same-sex unions with marriage will always fail' 41
11:38 AM — An Irish bishop says same-sex relationships can never be seen as "equal" to heterosexual relationships.
7th March 2013
Scotland: Christian teacher says being forced to teach about same-sex marriage contributed to a breakdown 33
5:12 PM — A committee of MPs has heard that a Christian teacher in Scotland claims he was forced to teach about same-sex marriage against his wishes – and the stress contributed to a breakdown.
UK: MPs hear of Christian teacher disciplined for refusing to read pro-gay Penguin book to class 52
5:09 PM — A solicitor from the Christian Institute has told a committee of MPs that a primary school teacher was previously disciplined by a head teacher for refusing to read 'And Tango Makes Three' – a children's book about two male penguins looking after a female chick.
25th February 2013
Anti-gay Cardinal Keith O'Brien quits post following allegations of inappropriate behaviour 122
11:19 AM — Britain's most senior anti-gay Catholic leader, who at the weekend was reported to the Vatican over historical allegations of inappropriate behaviour involving several male priests - has resigned from his post.
6th February 2013
Comment: Equal marriage means gay relationships will stop being dismissed as inferior 8
6:33 PM — Writing for PinkNews.co.uk, political commentator Charlotte Henry analyses the significance of this week's historic Commons vote on equal marriage.
31st January 2013
Philip Hammond admits to raising sibling relationships in same-sex marriage discussion 23
12:54 PM — Defence Secretary Philip Hammond has admitted to raising siblings relationships in last week's discussion about equal marriage with students at a university.
29th January 2013
Whitney Houston's mother would have been 'bothered' if the star had been gay 19
7:06 PM — Whitney Houston's mother has revealed to Oprah Winfrey that had her daughter been gay, she would "absolutely" have had a problem with it.
21st January 2013
Peter Tatchell: The UK should look at lowering the age of consent to 14 128
6:59 PM — Peter Tatchell sets out reasons why consideration should be given to reducing the age of consent - providing it is accompanied by earlier, better quality sex and relationship education:
3rd January 2013
Gay relationships finally coming to Star Wars: The Old Republic computer game 5
4:43 PM — The Star Wars: The Old Republic will be following other games to give players the options of same-sex relationships and romances.
20th December 2011
Prison staff "refused to display" Stonewall posters for young offenders 93
10:37 AM — Prison staff at the Feltham Young Offenders Institute in London refused official recommendations to display positive images of gay and bisexual relationships to inmates, according to a report released today.
14th November 2011
London campaigners to stage kiss-in over Nigeria's anti-gay draft law 70
12:19 PM — Organisers say the protests hopes to "kiss homophobia, biphobia and transphobia goodbye" after Nigerian government considers criminal sanctions for those holding unofficial gay weddings.
9th November 2011
Petition urges closure of Ecuadorian ex-gay "torture clinics" 10
5:03 PM — A letter to the country's Health Minister claims clinics remain a "horrific reality" for many.
30th September 2011
New York Christian clerk may go to court over gay marriages 71
2:33 PM — A town clerk in New York may go to court over her refusal to sign marriage licences for gay couples. Rose Marie Belforti, the town clerk for Ledyard, says God does not want her to condone same-sex relationships.
11th February 2011
Botswana MP says he hates gays and lesbians 42
3:59 PM — A Botswana politician says he agrees with Zimbabwean president Robert Mugabe's views on homosexuality. Pono Moatlhodi, who is the deputy speaker of the Botswana National Assembly, told a January meeting on HIV prevention that he would "never tolerate" gays and lesbians.
8th February 2011
Australian MP polls constituents on gay marriage 10
4:51 PM — Australian Liberal MP Malcolm Turnbull has begun polling his constituents on the issue of marriage equality. The former opposition leader has sent questionnaires to residents in his Sydney seat of Wentworth.


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Hello! Dh and I are considering some selective vaxing with our children, and feel fairly set on the need for a tetanus vax for our two older boys (ages 3 and 8). Our youngest is only 8 months so we're not doing any at all yet for him.
I just saw in a thread below that you cannot get a tetanus only vaccine in the US? I'm just beginning my research at the moment, and was hoping you all could direct me a bit. Is the DTaP our only option in the US? Our ped said they are unable to get tetanus only vaccines, but that we should be able to order it through a pharmacy... I'm a bit confused now.


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Home » Opinion » Editorials
Treat dispensers: Obama and the Easter Bunny
The Eastery Bunny and President Obama have a lot in common. Both are dressed up characters with a mythology to sell. One plays a creature with magical powers who hops all over the world to deliver sweet treats, free of charge, to everyone who believes in him. The other is a low-wage dude in a rabbit costume.
President Obama thrives on his own myth: that the United States suffers from a shortage of goodies dispensed personally by him. He promises to rectify that by borrowing trillions of dollars to finance his egg-dispensing. Infrastructure funding here, college subsidies there, scientific research over there, with loads of new regulations to fertilize the seeds, and soon, like tulips in spring - bing! - the economy will shoot back to life.
He's put that magical thinking into practice for five years. It has not worked. And yet people still believe him, just as children believe in the Easter Bunny. Eventually, though, children grow up. What's the Obama voter's excuse?
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COLUMBIA— Steve Renne of Columbia began his tenure as the co-chairman of the Family and Community Trust on Tuesday.
Family and Community Trust appoints Columbia chairman
Friday, January 4, 2013 | 6:06 p.m. CST
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Special Issue "Bacterial Genetics and Ecology Inspire the Biotechnology of an Evolving Global Economy"
A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425).
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2011)
Special Issue Editors
Guest Editor
Prof. Dr. Amalia D. Karagouni
Microbiology Group, Department of Botany, School of Sciences, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 157 01 Athens, Greece
E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Guest Editor
Prof. Dimitris G. Hatzinikolaou
Laboratory of Microbiology, Sector of Botany, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15784 Zografou, Attica, Greece
E-Mail: email@example.com
Phone: +30 210 72724140
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The eleventh conference of "BAGECO" will be held in the island of Corfu in Greece next May 2011 (www.bageco11.org). Following the tradition of BAGECO meetings, in the program of BAGECO11 it has been included themes like Molecular Biology for the Environment, The Microbial Environment and Human Health, Micro-environment and Plant Health, Marine Ecosystems and Health. In addition, a full day session on Synthetic Biology as roundtable discussion has been organized with excellent invited speakers who will cover all issues concerning the new avenues which Synthetic Biology opens for Microbial Ecology/Genetics/Biotechnology and opinions about those issues that affect science, technology and socioeconomics. Finally, the Third Generation Sequencing Technology will be covered in the corresponding session.
Prof. Dr. Amalia D. Karagouni
Prof. Dimitris G. Hatzinikolaou
Guest Editors
Published Papers (3 papers)
Genes 2011, 2(4), 736-747; doi:10.3390/genes2040736
Received: 15 August 2011; in revised form: 26 September 2011 / Accepted: 28 September 2011 / Published: 19 October 2011
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Supplementary Files
Genes 2011, 2(4), 853-868; doi:10.3390/genes2040853
Received: 16 August 2011; in revised form: 23 September 2011 / Accepted: 20 October 2011 / Published: 4 November 2011
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Genes 2012, 3(1), 1-18; doi:10.3390/genes3010001
Received: 2 November 2011; in revised form: 22 November 2011 / Accepted: 28 November 2011 / Published: 21 December 2011
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Last update: 25 February 2014


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Linda Cristal (born Marta Victoria Moya Burges on 23 February 1934 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine actress. She is currently retired.
In 1960, John Wayne asked her to play the part of Flaca in his epic The Alamo. In 1961, she starred with James Stewart in the western "Two Rode Together". She semi-retired from the business after that to raise her two children. In the 1960-61 TV season, Cristal appeared as a female matador in NBC's The Tab Hunter Show.
She was coaxed out of retirement when she became the last cast member to be added to the NBC series The High Chaparral. David Dortort had been auditioning actresses for three weeks, seeking just the right woman with good looks, acting ability and a fiery personality, who could breathe life into the aristocratic "Victoria Montoya". He had just about given up hope of ever finding the right actress when Cristal heard about the part. Her agent thought the role had already been cast, but she urged him to check, and he found out that it was still open.
She later appeared in such popular television series as Bonanza, Barnaby Jones and The Love Boat. After that, she took assignments only as the notion struck her favorably, such as the Charles Bronson action film Mr. Majestyk.
Description above from the Wikipedia article Linda Cristal , licensed under CC-BY-SA, full list of contributors on Wikipedia.
Movie | Character | Year | |
The Last of the Fast Guns | Maria O'Reilly | 1958 | |
Legions of the Nile | 1959 | ||
Two Rode Together | Elena de la Madriaga | 1961 |


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Albion, Peter (2003) PBL + IMM = PBL²: problem based learning and interactive multimedia development. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 11 (2). pp. 243-257. ISSN 1059-7069
Albion_2003_JTTE_Permanent_restriction.pdf Download (31Kb) |
Problem-based learning (PBL) is a powerful instructional design for professional education, which may be used to guide the design of interactive multimedia (IMM). An IMM package incorporating PBL principles has been developed to assist teachers in learning to integrate information and communications technologies (ICT) into their teaching. The development process became a PBL experience for the author as design and implementation issues were met and resolved. This article describes how the learning that occurred has influenced the final form of the multimedia materials and discusses how the PBL principles were implemented in IMM.
Item Type: | Article (Commonwealth Reporting Category C) |
Additional Information: | (http://www.aace.org) |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | problem based learning, multimedia, information and communication technology |
Subjects: | 330000 Education > 330100 Education Studies > 330107 Educational Technology and Media 330000 Education > 330300 Professional Development of Teachers |
Depositing User: | Assoc Prof Peter Albion |
Date Deposited: | 11 Oct 2007 00:57 |
Last Modified: | 02 Jul 2013 22:42 |
URI: | http://eprints.usq.edu.au/id/eprint/2100 |
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The front bedroom of City Life Builders' new model home looks out onto North Collington Avenue. The builders chose this location because it is close to Johns Hopkins Hospital and the new Hopkins-Henderson School that is being built at the end of the block.
( Baltimore Sun / June 12, 2013 ) |


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I think this is possible if he can stay on Larry's good side.
4. D.J. Augustin(notes), PG, Bobcats. Someone has to be the point guard. He took some steps backward last year, but that was because Larry Brown really wanted to make Ray Felton into a pretty good point guard. And he did. Now, with Felton gone, he can do the same with Augustin. He can shoot the 3, but he has to do better at playing within Larry's system and not trying to do too much on his own.


text: Spuds Spaldoni Edit History Talk0 28,865pages on this wiki Added by Wally fourSpuds Spaldoni is the antagonist and formerly the minion of crime boss Big Boy Caprice from Disney's (Touchstone's) 1990 film Dick Tracy. He is portrayed by James Caan. Categories: Disney Villains Deceased Villains Movie Villains Live Action Villains Male Villains Gangsters Bosses


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Bill Nye debates evolution vs. creationism at Kentucky museum
"Science Guy" Bill Nye made the case for evolution in a debate against Creation Museum founder Ken Ham in the museum's auditorium in Petersburg, Ky.
Bibles mislabeled as 'fiction' at California Costco
A Southern California pastor was shopping at a Costco in Simi Valley, Calif. earlier this month when he chanced upon a display of Bibles which had stickers labeling them as fiction.
New York man writes out Bible--every word
CommentFour years after he began his project to write out every word of the Bible, Phillip Patterson penned the very last lines Saturday at an upstate New York church.
Texas cheerleading bible battle: Judge to decide on using verses at games
CommentA group of teenage cheerleaders is expecting to hear Thursday from a Texas district judge whether they will be allowed to continue displaying Bible verses at high school football games.
Fifty Shades of Grey replaces Gideon Bible at England hotel
CommentA British hotel owner has decided that steamy romance trumps religious scripture when it comes to what book he provides in his guest rooms. In this case, Fifty Shades of Grey trumps the Bible.
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Why Vince Young Won't End the Season as Buffalo Bills' Starting QB
By Josh Cembellin ,
When the Buffalo Bills acquired quarterback Vince Young during the 2012 NFL free-agency period, the move sparked a short-lived discussion about Young's potential in Buffalo.
Some fans opposed the move, arguing that it could lead to a potentially unnecessary quarterback controversy. Others believed it was smart to establish competition behind Ryan Fitzpatrick and add depth at the position.
Regardless of what fans think of the signing, one thing is clear: Fitzpatrick is the Bills' starting quarterback. And he will be all season long.
Young may be an upgrade over Tyler Thigpen as Fitz's primary backup, but Bills fans can rest assured that he won't challenge the Amish Rifle for the starting gig.
It's a huge season for Fitz and the Bills, and the veteran quarterback should play a large part in the team's success.
Here are five reasons why Young won't pose any risk to taking Fitzpatrick's starting job, and why he will both begin and end the season as the backup quarterback.
The current Bills squad is a tightly knit group. There's a certain camaraderie among the players that is difficult to establish overnight, and it's a refreshing sight for Bills fans.
In particular, the relationship Fitzpatrick has with his wide receivers and fellow offensive weapons is unique. The guys trust one another, believe in one another and, more importantly, buy into what the team as a whole is working to accomplish.
Vince Young will have to earn that kind of trust in his first year with the organization.
It can't be easy to move to a new city, work with a new team and learn an entirely new system. It's actually quite admirable that so many players do this so often in their NFL careers.
For Young, he's starting at square one. He's working hard to get to know his teammates and build relationships with them. And those guys are doing the same thing trying to get to know Young .
Fitz clearly has an intangible advantage here. After receiving a hefty contract extension midseason in 2011, Fitz is clearly the signal-caller the Bills—both the front office and the players—want to build a contender around.
Letting any kind of conversation about a quarterback controversy leak into the locker room would be detrimental to such progress. The team has developed steadily with Fitz at the helm, and they'll be sure to stay behind him 100 percent of the way.
Head coach Chan Gailey has already left his stamp on the Bills' offense, even though his work is essentially just starting.
Heralded as an offensive guru, Gailey is revered around the league for his ability to build around his players' strengths. Regardless of his roster, he always finds a way to get the most out of his players.
Coming to Buffalo, Gailey has gradually established an offensive philosophy to do just that. The 2012 offense will feature two dynamic runners in Fred Jackson and C.J. Spiller. Pair those two guys with a solid line, and the run game is easily one of the team's biggest strengths.
For the passing game, the Bills emphasize short and intermediate routes, relying on quick reads and timely throws to catch the defense off-guard. And Gailey has tailored this style to fit Fitzpatrick's strengths.
Fitz has shown the ability to make smart reads and tight throws. Now that he's working with new quarterbacks coach David Lee, establishing tighter technique and smoother fundamentals will help him get back to his sharpshooting ways.
On the other hand, Young is a big, mobile quarterback with a strong arm. He can throw across the field and downfield, and he can make plays with his feet.
This isn't to say that the Bills don't like those qualities. However, they presently don't feature them in the offense. Young has the tangibles to make big plays, but he'll need to understand the system first in order to make the important third-and-short passes to move the chains in the fourth quarter.
It's now year three under head coach Chan Gailey, and that means more consistency. Some of the league's most successful franchises are those with key pieces in place for long periods of time, particularly coaches and quarterbacks.
Another season as the starting quarterback simply means a better understanding for Ryan Fitzpatrick. Learning an entirely new system takes time, and after two seasons in Gailey's offense, now is the point where players start to grasp the plays by memory. Their movements and reactions become second nature, and they do less thinking and more doing.
Furthermore, Fitz still has his go-to guys in place. No. 1 wideout Steve Johnson returns along with secondary receivers David Nelson and Donald Jones. Tight end Scott Chandler had a career year in 2011. And who could forget about Jackson and Spiller?
It's difficult to succeed at quarterback without having a sense of comfort or familiarity, and Fitz will have plenty of that in 2012.
For Vince Young, he'll be learning the offense and working with these guys for the first time. That's not to say he can't be successful, but it will take time to fully grasp the nuances of the Bills' playbook and the subtle habits of his teammates.
Considering Gailey's spread offense, Young will be more likely to tuck the ball and run if he doesn't see his first or second read. By contrast, Fitz will be more comfortable sticking in the pocket for his third or fourth receivers to gain separation.
Young will certainly have an understanding of the playbook once the regular season rolls around, but Buffalo's best chance at producing on offense is with Fitz running the show.
Vince Young hasn't thrown for over 2,500 yards since 2007, when he passed for a career-high 2,546 yards. The most touchdowns he's ever recorded in a single season is 12, and that was during his rookie year. He's a career 57.9 percent passer even though he's never attempted more than 390 passes in any given year.
Yes, Young has added a respectable amount of rushing yards and scores to supplement is passing statistics, but the fact remains that he's never had a truly impressive statistical passing year.
Fitzpatrick, on the other hand, could have another career year in 2012. To do so, he'd have to top 3,832 passing yards, 24 touchdowns and complete more than 62 percent of his passes.
All those numbers came just last season.
It's evident that Fitz is finally hitting his stride and coming into his own as a passer. He did throw for a career-high 23 interceptions last year, but that number too should improve in 2012 with a better overall supporting cast, refined mechanics and an even stronger grasp of the offense.
Considering the different paths these two passers are on, it simply makes sense to predict that Fitz will continue to shine while Young watches from the sideline. That's not a knock against Young, but rather an endorsement of what Fitz has done with the Bills.
It's very unlikely that Young will get an opportunity to play simply by outperforming Fitz. He may see game time in lopsided affairs, but other than that, the only action he'll probably see is if Fitzpatrick suffers an injury.
Fitz has been a pretty durable quarterback thus far in his career, though he's only been a true starter for a couple seasons. Nonetheless, he's a tough player with a great work ethic.
Last season, he played through four cracked ribs and an injured sternum, according to the Buffalo News. This obviously affected his play during the middle of the year and was a large reason why his numbers dropped after starting off so well.
While there's no guaranteeing he'll avoid such injuries in the future, it's looking more likely that he will with a revamped supporting cast.
The offensive line is as strong as it's been under Chan Gailey. Buffalo added Cordy Glenn in the draft and returns the other four starters in Andy Levitre, Eric Wood, Kraig Urbik and Erik Pears. Behind the starters, the Bills have stronger depth in case anybody goes down, especially Eric Wood. The Bills struggled without Wood at center last season. Now they have rookie Mark Asper to team with returning backup Colin Brown.
Ultimately, the Bills brought Young in to add more depth behind Fitz, not to compete with him. He understands that his role is as a backup now, and if he does see the field, the Bills and their fans certainly hope—and believe—he'll perform at a very high level.
But even if he does, he won't be able to pry the starting job away from Ryan Fitzpatrick.


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US engineer held with bullets at Odisha airport
Bhubaneswar, Sep 18 : An American engineer was arrested Wednesday from the Biju Patnaik Airport in Odisha's capital Bhubaneswar after security staff found eight bullets in his possession, police said.
William Michael Hurtubise, 25, an engineer with US-based SPX Service, was found carrying the bullets just before his scheduled departure on a chartered chopper from the state capital Tuesday, airfield police station chief Rashmi Ranjan Sahoo told IANS.
He was contracted by an offshore drilling contractor to inspect an engine at a drilling rig in the Bay of Bengal near the port town of Paradip, about 100 km from Bhubaneswar, police said.
Hurtubise was scheduled to travel by the chartered helicopter. The Central Industrial Security Force staff found the 0.22 mm bullets in one of his bags during the security check at the airport, Sahoo said.
"The CISF later handed him over to police. He was, however, not carrying any fire arm," he said.
"I have no bad intention. It was a mistake on my part," Hurtubise told police. He said he possesses an arm licence in the US and unknowingly carried the bullets.
He said he reached Bhubaneswar Tuesday from Holland and on the way his baggage was also checked at the Delhi airport but no objections were raised, police said.
--IANS (Posted on 18-09-2013)
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Congress leaders join BJD in Odisha
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BJD, JMM to strike deal for Lok Sabha polls
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Odisha seeks more forces for polls
Quick Links: Goa | Munnar | Pondicherry | Free Yearly Horoscope '2014


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Kashmiris Upbeat on State's Prospects in New YearAs 2014 sets in, the overriding sentiment prevailing in the Kashmiri society is one of fervent hope and boundless optimism. While the businessmen expect a good tourist inflow, mainstream as well as separatist politicians and commoners, especially ... New Indian Express, 2 months ago |
51 images for kashmir coalition of civil society | ||||
Kashmir: Widespread condemnations pour inSrinagar, Mar 6: Booking Kashmiri students under sedition charges has invited widespread condemnation from across Jammu and Kashmir. Chairman Hurriyat Conference (M), Mirwaiz Umar Farooq, has termed the sedition charges against Kashmiri students an ... Greater Kashmir, 3 days ago
Hope for Justice Disappears With VictimsThe wife and daughter of one of many missing persons in Kashmir at a sit-in protest in Srinagar. Credit: Athar Parvaiz/IPS. By Athar Parvaiz SRINAGAR, India , Mar 2 2014 (IPS) Upon meeting an acquaintance after a long time, a young man at a ... Inter Press Service, 1 week ago
Campaign for half-widows to remarryKashmirs social groups and some NGOs have independently launched a campaign aimed at encouraging its half widows to remarry and have also agreed to extend financial assistance towards their rehabilitation. Half widows expression is used for Jammu and Kashmirs ... Asian Age, 1 month ago
Kashmir's 'half widows' can remarry, rule scholars
Rediff.com, 2 months ago
Ulema pulls half-widows out of limbo
Deccan Herald, 2 months ago
Unending human rights violations in KashmirDr Raja Muhammad Khan Ever since its establishment in 1945, the United Nations Organization (UNO) has regulated and managed many regional and global conflicts. During the cold war, this international regulating body has been quite effective in ... Frontier Post, 1 month ago
Human Rights violations in Kashmir
Pakistan Observer, 1 month ago
When Semantics Become A Threat To National SanityAfter the last couple day's of television furore on Prashant Bhushant's comments on Kashmir, the hysteria spilled to the streets today. According to reports, 50-60 people bearing paraphernalia of Hindu Raksha Dal attacked the office of Aam Aadmi ... Outlook India, 2 months ago
Violence kills 204 in Kashmir in 2013SRINAGAR, Indian-controlled Kashmir - Violence claimed 204 lives in the restive Indian-controlled Kashmir during 2013, a human rights group said Thursday. According to the rights group Coalition of Civil Society (CCS), of the 204 killed, 48 were ... CHINAdaily, 2 months ago
Roundup: Violence kills 204 in Indian-controlled Kashmir during 2013: rights group
China.org.cn, 2 months ago
Violence kills 204 in Indian-controlled Kashmir during 2013: rights group
Xinhua News Agency, 2 months ago
More from: , Mumbai News.Net...and 3 other sources
JKCCS TO COMMEMORATE 'KASHMIRI WOMEN'S RESISTANCE DAY' ON FEB 23Srinagar, Feb 14: To commemorate the 23rd anniversary Kunan-Poshpora mass rape as 'Kashmiri Women's Resistance Day', the Jammu Kashmir Coalition of Civil Society (JKCCS) is organizing a special programme here on February 23. In a statement, spokesperson ... Greater Kashmir, 3 weeks ago
Government probes fail to yield resultsSRINAGAR, Jan 28: Reflecting on the seriousness of the government towards human rights violations in Kashmir, not a single government ordered probe has yielded result in 2013. Last year, the state government ordered seven different probes on ... Kashmir Times, 1 month ago
R-Day celebrated with gaiety across Kashmir valleyExcelsior Correspondent Minister for Panchayats, Ali Mohd Sagar taking salute at Bakshi Stadium. SRINAGAR, Jan 27: The 65th Republic Day was celebrated across the Kashmir valley with great enthusiasm, gaiety and fervour. SRINAGAR: Minister ... Daily Excelsior.com, 1 month ago


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Providence Spring House
NPS/Andersonville National Historic Site The sudden appearance of the spring at the western wall of the stockade in the summer of 1864 was a treasured memory of many Union survivors of the prison. By the 1880s, visiting the site of the spring was an important Memorial Day tradition. Following the initial preservation of the prison site in the 1890s by the Grand Army of the Republic, the Woman's Relief Corps arranged for the spring house to cover the site of the spring. The Providence Spring house was dedicated on Memorial Day, 1901. |
Did You Know?
The deadline at the Andersonville prison consisted of a rail about four feet off the ground that was situated nineteen feet from the stockade wall. Any prisoner who crossed this line with any part of his body was likely to be shot without warning by a guard in a guard tower.


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05-15-2013, 10:53 AM | #476 (permalink) | |
Pretty solid game overall. I got a little bit worried in the 2nd, when the Sens controlled most of the play and didn't allow the Pens any sustained o-zone time. But the PP + PK were both outstanding, defense didn't allow many quality oppurtunities and Vokoun was again very good. I remember a bunch of us talking about how the PK absolutely needed to be improved before the playoffs. And so far, it has. Doesn't mean it can't implode, but I've been very impressed by it so far. Keep it up! Speaking of Vokoun, what really impresses me about him so far is his poise, positioning and mental toughness. He allowed a softie to start the game, but rebounded and played great the rest of the way. Seems like when fleury let's in an early softie, his game goes to $hite immediately. It irritates me that people are saying "Oh Vokoun looks shaky and unorthodox." Who the hell cares how he looks? He's 3-0 and has 4 goals allowed. Let him play how he wants to play. The reason he looks "shaky" to some people is he's calm and poised. Not ready to crown his ass, but I'm impressed with his play through his first 3 games. Hope it continues. Pens fans are used to fleury having to make outstanding fly across the crease and do a full split to make a save that'd be routine for most goalies, but fleury MADE the save HAVE to be outstanding because he was 11 feet out of position beforehand. Rant done!
#1 Collection : Barrasso #2 Collection : Ron Hextall Other : Crosby, Wregget, Malkin NEED RON HEXTALL SPGU LETTER MARKS!!! |
05-15-2013, 11:11 AM | #477 (permalink) |
Join Date: Jul 2007
Location: Monroeville, PA
Posts: 566
I thought they played an EXCELLENT all-around game. I didn't seem like many of the Senators shots were very dangerous. Yeah, Vokoun gave up a bad goal, but more importantly, he bounced back from it and shut the door. And that calm demeanor (good thing I re-read before I posted because I had initially typed "clam" demeanor - which I guess could also be good) definitely rubs off on the rest of the team. He should be in goal until he has a bad game, period. Even if he loses but plays a strong game he should stay in net. Will it happen? Who knows.
The PK can't play much better, and the PP is pretty much unstoppable. Teams just can't take penalties against the Pens. The only way to stop it is to keep it from getting set up. Once they're set, there better either be some stellar saves by the goalie or the puck is gonna wind up in the net. And I don't think it's just a streak - I think this is how the PP will click now that everyone is healthy. That was a good PK they torched last night. Ottawa is more a physical team than a speed team, and I like the Pens against just about anyone when it comes to that type of game. They can match big bodies and banging with any team in the league. And the beauty of it is, even physical teams have to be careful, because if you take bad penalties (or even good penalties) the puck will wind up in the net. Speaking of bad penalties, Neal outdid even himself last night with three penalties. One should have been offset by Erik "Greg Louganis" Karlsson (by that I mean he dives, not that he's gay). I know they all got killed but sooner or later one of them is gonna bite you in the @ss. This was the Pens team I expected to see in the first round. It really makes you appreciate how FAST the Islanders are. I think they're the fastest team in the league, and they were probably the worst matchup the Pens could have drawn for that reason. One down, three to go - survive and advance. |
05-15-2013, 01:24 PM | #479 (permalink) | |
Collecting: Pittsburgh Penguins game used/autographs Bryce Harper |
05-15-2013, 01:56 PM | #480 (permalink) | |
#1 Collection : Barrasso #2 Collection : Ron Hextall Other : Crosby, Wregget, Malkin NEED RON HEXTALL SPGU LETTER MARKS!!! |
05-15-2013, 02:06 PM | #481 (permalink) | |
Also I hope one of the Penguins drops Neil this series. I cannot stand him.
Collecting: Pittsburgh Penguins game used/autographs Bryce Harper |
05-15-2013, 02:08 PM | #482 (permalink) | |
Collecting: Pittsburgh Penguins game used/autographs Bryce Harper |
05-15-2013, 03:14 PM | #483 (permalink) | |
#1 Collection : Barrasso #2 Collection : Ron Hextall Other : Crosby, Wregget, Malkin NEED RON HEXTALL SPGU LETTER MARKS!!! |
05-15-2013, 03:42 PM | #484 (permalink) |
I was the same way. I working on trying to obtain signatures from the members of the first two cups. Wanted to do them all inperson and TTM. I tried for TB a couple years ago when he was with Carolina. Just a total piece of work. So I decided to pick up a certified auto from BAP.
Collecting: Pittsburgh Penguins game used/autographs Bryce Harper |
05-17-2013, 08:19 AM | #485 (permalink) |
One thing I just don't get is, all these fleury fanboys. I knew there'd be some people who'd be crying for the little guy with the mental toughness of a 5 year-old to be put back in. Yet even after 3 very solid games by Tomas Vokoun, there are SO many people that want to see fleury back in. Why? So he can give up a softie, then fall back into the flopping headcase with no self-confidence? Irritates me to no end. These same people are opting to either blindly choose to give the "team in front of him" credit, or simply just refusing to give Vokoun credit for his solid performances. Has he played Lundqvist or Quick-esque so far? Not quite. Has the team played better in front of him than they did in front of fleury? In 2 of 3 games, yes. Definitely not in Game 6. fleury fanboys irk me so much.
IMO, Vokoun should continue to play until his play falters. If and ONLY IF, the team get's up 3-0 in a series should fleury maybe get a start for Vokizzle can get a rest, but I already talked about that. Just really pisses me off there are so many people who refuse to give Vokoun credit for his solid play, and blame all of fleury's woes on the team in front of him.
#1 Collection : Barrasso #2 Collection : Ron Hextall Other : Crosby, Wregget, Malkin NEED RON HEXTALL SPGU LETTER MARKS!!! |
05-17-2013, 08:54 AM | #486 (permalink) | |
Collecting: Pittsburgh Penguins game used/autographs Bryce Harper |
05-17-2013, 03:04 PM | #490 (permalink) |
I might have a beer a month. If I did I would have some Presidente's in the fridge. I have some ice tea in the fridge waiting for me.
Collecting: Pittsburgh Penguins game used/autographs Bryce Harper Last edited by crabbygraphs; 05-17-2013 at 08:25 PM. |
05-20-2013, 06:37 PM | #497 (permalink) |
Time for Pens to regroup after a tough loss last night. Ugh, the Ottawa fans were so annoying. Classless trash.
I thought other than the defensive breakdown that lead to the tying goal, it was actually a pretty good game by the Pens. Anderson was simply outstanding, stole the game.
#1 Collection : Barrasso #2 Collection : Ron Hextall Other : Crosby, Wregget, Malkin NEED RON HEXTALL SPGU LETTER MARKS!!! |
05-20-2013, 07:12 PM | #498 (permalink) | |
Join Date: Feb 2011
Location: Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Posts: 6,117
Keep in mind my location, good sir, before generalizing an entire city .
I will leave my signature the same until the Toronto Maple Leafs miss the Stanley Cup playoffs. In short, I will never change my signature. |
05-20-2013, 08:16 PM | #499 (permalink) | |
This is the 4th arena I've seena Pens game at, and I always wear a jersey, so it's obvious I'm a fan. Usually I get playful ribbing, which I give back. Nothing serious, just having fun. Rarely I'll get an idiot who obviously has never done anything successful sportswise in their live and has to live vicariously through professional sports, but that happens rarely in my experience. Didn't get much trash talk until after the 3rd intermission. I'm a big guy (6'1 265), so of course no one had the balls (not that I'd do anything, because it's not worth getting kicked out over) to say anything to face, just run their mouth's behind me. Whenever I'd stand up during any part of the game, some a$$hole behind me kept shouting "sit down". Of course everyone was clueless as to who it was when I inquired. At other arenas, I run into a lot of friendly people with whom I have actaul polite conversations about the game itself, the teams, hockey/sports in general, hometowns, etc. I tried to politely have some conversations while in line for beer, only 1 dude and his girlfriend were polite. They were from Kingston. The typical response was rolling eyes and general rudeness. And when we were exiting the arena, every behind me was suddenly Derek Poundstone running their mouths. And not just $hit about the game, they were calling by friend and I a$$hole, faggot$, pieces of $hit, etc. Never experienced that at a game. I realize it happens, it's just I personally have never experienced. Lots of mumbling behind me "Barrasso sucks", along with the typical Crosby trash talk. THAT was contant. Oh yeah almost forgot: Some idiot told a 12 year old kid w/ a fleury jersey to "get that crap outta here." Like I said, classy.
#1 Collection : Barrasso #2 Collection : Ron Hextall Other : Crosby, Wregget, Malkin NEED RON HEXTALL SPGU LETTER MARKS!!! |
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If hunger isn't the problem then eating isn't the solution.
4) If you are tempted to cheat. STOP!
Ask yourself, "Why does this happen?" "What is the real problem?" "What can I do differently to alleviate the stress I am feeling from this situation?" Write it down. Write everything that is bothering you and how you can respond in a non-food manner. I love this! |
I'd also like to add- LC/on plan food isn't the solution either. |
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Sun August 25, 2013
In the Mode: August 25, 2013
"Ave Maris Stella", Hail, Star of the sea is a plainsong Vespers hymn to Mary. It was especially popular in the Middle Ages and settings of the text have been made by many other composers. Seems we are unsure of who created the original, the text is found in 9th century manuscripts. Next time on In the Mode we'll hear several settings of Ave Maris Stella.


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Penname: | Ernie_the_Dino | Member Since: | 2012.09.02 |
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Stories Posted: | 4 |
Reviews Posted: | 3 |
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: Mistletoe by Ernie_the_Dino
One-shot "Merry Christmas Potter." "Merry Christmas." Genres: Humor, Romance Era: Next Generation Characters: James (II), OtherCanon Pairings: James/OC Advisory: Scenes of a Mild Sexual Nature Published: 2013.08.02 Latest Chapter: 2013.08.06 Updated: 2013.08.06 Status: COMPLETED (890 words) |
: Land of the Lost Souls by Ernie_the_Dino
One-shot In Beloved Memory.... Genres: Humor Era: Other Characters: Albus , Dumbledore, Fred, Ginny, James, Lily, Lupin, Sirius, Tonks Pairings: James/Lily, Remus/Tonks Advisory: Mild Violence Published: 2013.06.29 Latest Chapter: 2013.07.02 Updated: 2013.07.02 Status: COMPLETED (1716 words) |
: Wotter Weddings. by Ernie_the_Dino
Short story I had been to a lot of weddings. You get that if you have a family the size of the Wotters. A series of stories dictating the events of the Wotter Weddings; as told by Lucy Weasley. Rated Mature for Language. PS - Anyone feel like making me a banner? Genres: General, Romance Era: Next Generation Characters: Fred, George, Lily (II), Luna, Molly, Muriel, OtherCanon , Percy, Victoire Pairings: OC/OC, Bill/Fleur, Harry/Ginny, Rose/Scorpius, Teddy/Victoire Advisory: Strong Language, Mild Violence Published: 2013.06.03 Latest Chapter: 2013.06.11 Updated: 2013.06.11 Status: WIP (1103 words) |
: A Little. Clumsy. by Ernie_the_Dino
Novel My name is Alex Little. No pun intended. I'm 5 foot 1. The Ravenclaw seeker, three years running; Dom Weasley's best friend and the clumsiest witch for may age. And then without a microscope, Fred Weasley has suddenly noticed I exist. On top of that its OWL year. I already had trouble with my balance, it just took up a whole new meaning. Genres: General, Humor Era: Next Generation Characters: Fred, James (II), OC, OtherCanon , Ravenclaw Pairings: OC/OC, Teddy/Victoire, James/OC, Other Pairing Advisory: Strong Language, Mild Violence, Scenes of a Mild Sexual Nature Published: 2013.01.25 Latest Chapter: 2013.05.10 Updated: 2013.05.10 Status: WIP (10932 words) |


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Bruce Jenner
Bruce Jenner was born on October 28, 1949 in Mount Kisco, New York, USA as William Bruce Jenner. He is an actor, known for Keeping Up with the Kardashians (2007), Donald Duck's 50th Birthday (1984) and Celebrity Double Dare (1987). He has been married to Kris Jenner since April 21, 1991. They have two children. He was previously married to Linda ...
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Communication Is Key
As a student at Stephens College, I have had the unique opportunity to take part in real life job experience through Creative Ink, a student run marketing firm. I never dreamed that before I even started my career I would be dealing directly with owners of Columbia businesses. Being an account executive I have found that with any relationship, clear communication is the key to success.
Creative Ink, like any other organization, relies on contact between all members. Although each team member has many important jobs to accomplish, communication links the team members and their jobs together to facilitate success. Each project or design is run through many people before the final result. Throughout this process communication helps to produce efficiency, satisfy customers, and to create successful products or services.
There are so many ways that business professionals communicate, especially through email. Before Creative Ink I probably checked my email once every few days. I have quickly learned that in a real job environment communication is constantly happening. Instead of sending Tweets or uploading my new Instagram photos like an average college student, I catch myself checking my email during my free time.
Creative Ink has shown me that you don't only have to maintain strong communication with your clients, but your team members as well. Keeping in contact with your team helps a strong idea evolve to a design that will stand out. Continuing this connection with those around you will help to create a product or service that will effectively communicate to it's target audience.


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8 Zynga Hits That Look Suspiciously Like Other Games
The games industry is full of derivatives. One moment it spawns unique ideas, the next it generates zillions of copycats. Yet one company seems to perpetuate more unoriginal games than the rest: Zynga. It may dominate the social games space, but Zynga isn't necessarily known for inventing innovative game play or bringing new ideas to the table. This isn't a new statement. Zynga's entire history has been rife with accusations of copying previous game ideas.


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1. AFMC admission exam hall ticket download 2014 has been declared by the armed forces medical college. The medical college board was decided for filling of admissions in various positions overall India wide. Applied candidates should be remember more information regarding this Armed forces medical college entrance exam Hall Ticket 2014 and exam date also mentioned in the official website as www.afmc.nic.in. The applicants who are interested for joining in this armed forces medical college, they must utilize this great opportunity. The AFMC was declared notifications for the AFMC admission Exam date 2014 in the first week of May.
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The armed forces medical college has been announced the AFMC Admit Card Free Download 2014 from the official website as mentioned here www.afmc.nic.in. The procedure how to download the Armed forces medical college entrance exam Hall Ticket 2014 will be shown below. The medical college board has follow some steps for downloading the Admit Card, first logon the official website then click on the admit card download link. The webpage will be opened after fill the options like registration number and password what ever the information they required, then click on submit and download the hall ticket.
Take the print out of the admit card for the AFMC admission exam hall ticket download 2014 by using this website www.afmc.nic.in and keep it safe with you befor entering the examination hall and for future purpose.
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The armed forces medical college board should be declared the AFMC admission Exam date 2014 on the first week of May. Aspirants those who are applied for these admission exam in armed forces, they are all prepare well for these entrance exam in medical college because competition is heavy. so, we are kindly requested the aspirants please check the official website for more updated information in www.afmc.nic.in. All the best for all the applied candidates.
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Saturday, April 18th, 2009
Photo by Pat Royse
Ohio Treasurer Kevin Boyce, center, talks with Mercer County Prosecutor Andy Hinders after his speech to Mercer County Democrats attending the annual Ox Roast fund raiser. At left, is Mercer County Democratic Party Chairman Bill Sell. The dinner was held at the Eagles Hall in Celina.
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Looking for something else?
Paradise Cove LodgeMaunga Pu Street, Amuri, 682 Arutanga (Show map)
Very good
Score from 77 reviews
The location was just gorgeous and the staff really helpful!
The cook was really good, friendly and efficient in many domains. The staff who served at table were always in the best of moods. Our balcony overlooked the beach and the sea, framed by magnificent palm trees.
Wonderful location and such a restful place. Wish we could have stayed longer.
North Vancouver
This has everything i love in a stay at a hotel without the formal resort feel. Brilliant location, friendly relaxed people and private.
Location, very friendly staff
Location was amazing, great view over the water and can swim straight out from the bungalows which awesome as at most places you can't.
Beach stay at its best: nothing much to do but relax in a comfortable bungalow on stilts, right on the white sand, with palm trees over your head. Friendly staff and laid-back atmosphere typical of the Pacific islands.
Paradise cove was amazing. The people were so friendly and helpful, we were right on the beach where we could just chill and do nothing. Was excellent value for money, we loved our stay there and would definitely go back
murrumba downs
Located right on the beach with beautiful sunsets, very helpful staff and tidy rooms.
Lovely little bungalows on the beach. Very easy to just relax by the accomodation. Good to be able to hire scooters at the bungalow which made it easier to get around.
New Plymouth
On a white sandy beach beneath coconut palm trees, Paradise Cove offers traditionally thatched self-contained bungalows on the beach front. Each has a porch with sunset views of the lagoon. Only a 5 minute drive from Aitutaki Airport, Paradise Cove Lodge is on sandy shores in the village of Amuri. It is less than a 10 minute drive from the town of Arutanga. All of these beachfront bungalows have some cooking facilities, plus a mini refrigerator, in-room safe and ceiling fans. Insect screens and private bathrooms are included. Snorkeling equipment is available for a small fee. Activities include lagoon boat cruises, fishing excursions, scuba diving and island tours. Facilities include free luggage storage and a BBQ area with covered seating. We speak your language! Hotel Rooms: 12 Why use Booking.com?Why use Booking.com?Low ratesNo booking fees • Save money! • Best Price Guaranteed 435,606 properties worldwide
Including 117,503 vacation rentals Unbiased reviews26,330,000 reviews from real guests We speak your languageWebsite and customer service in English (US) and 41 other languages Booking is safeWhen you book with us your details are protected by a secure connection. OutdoorsBBQ Facilities, Grounds ActivitiesFishing, Hiking, Diving, Snorkeling, Bicycle Rental, Library InternetWi-Fi is available in public areas and charges apply. ParkingFree! Free private parking is available on site (reservation is not needed). ServicesRoom Service, Shuttle Service (Surcharge), Airport Shuttle (Surcharge), Tour Desk, Baggage Storage, Laundry GeneralSafe Check-inFrom 1:00 PM Check-outUntil 10:00 AM Cancellation/
Rino's Motel LtdSituated on the western shores of Aitutaki, Rino's Motel offers a choice between self-contained bungalows with cooking facilities or beachfront rooms with an elevated patio overlooking the beach and...
Score from 14 reviews
Very good
- 8.5/10
Tamanu BeachBoasting beautiful sea or garden views from your private verandah, Tamanu Beach features a beachfront restaurant and bar and a private beach area.
Score from 2 reviews
- 9.8/10
Etu Moana Boutique Beach VillasEtu Moana Boutique Beach Villas offers relaxing beachside boutique villas on Aitutaki Island.
Score from 3 reviews
- 8.9/10
Aitutaki Seaside LodgesSet alongside Aitutaki Lagoon, this resort offers beachfront bungalows with a balcony. Aitutaki Seaside Lodges is located in Amuri, 5 minutes' drive from Aitutaki Airport.
Score from 2 reviews
- 7.5/10