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Gun-control advocates say less-restrictive laws in Ohio led to more than 1,600 weapons being used in crimes in three dozen other states last year.
Federal data released this week show that 1,601 guns legally bought in Ohio last year were linked to crimes such as robbery and murder in 36 other states.
Another 5,375 guns stayed in Ohio and were linked to crimes in 2012, according a story Friday in The Columbus Dispatch based on the data from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.
The stats show Ohio also was a top contributor to gun-related crime in other states in 2011, with about 1,700 guns showing up in crimes in 38 other states.
Law enforcement and gun-control advocates say it's no surprise.
"People know they can come to Ohio, get a gun and take it someplace where there are tougher restrictions," Columbus Deputy Police Chief Jeffrey Blackwell said. "It happens at gun shows in the sticks and through underground schemes on city streets."
New York was the leader in imported Ohio guns being used in crimes last year with 183, according to the ATF stats. Michigan was next at 154, followed by Florida at 152.
The Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence says the state has too many loopholes for gun ownership that serve as a "beacon" for a gun-trafficking market. The law doesn't require background checks for all gun sales, and the state doesn't keep track of who buys them. Violent misdemeanors, such as domestic violence, don't disqualify someone from making a firearm purchase.
"When you make it easy to get a gun in a state, I mean, it's just common sense that people will go there to get a gun, especially in frequent and large amounts," said Laura Cutilletta, senior staff attorney for the law center.
But supporters of gun rights contend that there will always be criminals who break the laws, no matter how restrictive they are.
World, nation, state
Ohio a top supplier of guns to other states
- World, nation, state
Set clocks ahead for daylight saving time
A sure sign that spring is on the horizon: It's time to set the clocks forward for daylight saving time.
Ohio's jobless rate dips below 7 percent
Ohio's unemployment rate fell below 7 percent in January as the state added nearly 17,000 jobs from December.
Stock and housing gains put U.S. net worth at record
A surging stock market and rebounding home prices boosted Americans' wealth to a record in the final three months of last year, though both trends have slowed so far in 2014.
El Nino is good news for U.S. weather woes
Relief may be on the way for a weather-weary United States with the predicted warming of the central Pacific Ocean brewing this year that will likely change weather worldwide. But it won't be for the better everywhere.
State reports record-low Ohio prisoner return rate
Fewer ex-inmates are going back to prison, the state announced Wednesday, attributing the drop to community programs that work with newly released offenders and new prison units that prepare people for life outside bars.
Gas drilling boom accelerates with little study of public health effects
A new study has underscored just how little is known about the health consequences of the natural gas boom that began a decade ago, when advances in high-volume hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, and directional drilling allowed companies to tap shale deposits across the United States.
Open enrollment in Ohio schools leads to racial, economic segregation
Open enrollment, which allows children to transfer from one school district to another, leads to widespread racial segregation and concentrates poverty in many of Ohio's urban school districts.
Russia, West try to hammer out Ukraine diplomacy
The United States and Western diplomats failed to bring Russian and Ukrainian foreign ministers together Wednesday for face-to-face talks on the confrontation in Crimea, even as U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry voiced optimism that an exit strategy was possible. "I'd rather be where we are today than where we were yesterday," he said.
No stand-down, but Ukraine tensions cooling
Stepping back from the brink of war, Vladimir Putin talked tough but cooled tensions in the Ukraine crisis in his first comments since its president fled, saying Tuesday that Russia has no intention "to fight the Ukrainian people" but reserved the right to use force.
Global stocks slide as tensions build in Ukraine
Russia's military advance into Ukraine rattled global markets Monday.
- More World, nation, state Headlines
Set clocks ahead for daylight saving time


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"This is my Nana's mother's recipe, which was probably her mother's (who only spoke Pa-German). Nana made this every holiday with turkey and ham. It's a bit of work, but well worth it. Nana always made it the day before and baked it the day of eating it."
Ingredients: pepper, eggs, fresh parsley...
Prep Time: 25 mins
Total Time: 1 hrs 5 mins

subset: commoncrawl


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India: February crude oil output flat, natural gas falls 7.7%
Friday, 23 March 2012 | 00:00
There is more bad news for industries dependent on natural gas. The country's natural gas output fell for the 15th straight month in February by 7.7 per cent year-on-year.
Also the availability of imported gas is fluctuating, depending upon the demand, price, and tie-ups with the suppliers.
The drop in output from Reliance Industries-operated Krishna Godavari Basin D6 block, which is the major source of natural gas, pulled down the domestic gas output to 3.609 billion cubic metre (3.908 billion cubic metre) in February, show Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas data.
The total average daily availability of gas during 2010-11 from different sources was 162.1 mmscmd with largest share of 55.35 mmscmd being from D6. However, this year the situation has changed. Availability of gas from D6 fields is expected to further decline in 2012-13 and 2013-14, from the current about 34-36 mmscmd.
Reliance Industries has told the Government that the output at the producing fields in the block is likely to fall to an all-time low of 22 mmscmd by 2013-14 since it hit a peak of 60 mmscmd in end-2009. The company has projected that its output for 2012-13 from the producing fields in the block will be about 27.60 mmscmd.
All the available domestic gas (excluding what is covered under small and isolated fields policy and allocation of which has been delegated to national oil companies) has already been allocated to various consumers, the Minister of State in the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Mr R.P.N. Singh, informed Rajya Sabha recently. He also said that that "no further gas is available for allocation, at present".
Crude oil output
The country's crude oil output marginally increased (0.4 per cent) year-on-year at 2.997 million tonne in February. This was mainly because production from Assam fields fell 100 per cent, the data showed.
ONGC's Mumbai High fields, Northwest of Mumbai, produced 1.270 million tonne, down 0.9 per cent from the same month last year. The fields that account for 42 per cent of domestic oil production are experiencing a natural decline in output.
Total refinery output of the 17 public sector and two private sectors was up 6.2 per cent year-on-year at 14.180 million tonne. Reliance Industries from its first refinery in Jamnagar processed 8 per cent more crude oil in February at 2.833 million tonne against the same month last year. The company does not share data for its second export-oriented refinery at Jamnagar.
Source: The Hindu Business Line
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23/03/2012 11:00
Brazil's oil reserves may soon double
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23/03/2012 11:00
Venezuela says oil output rose to 2.99 mln bpd in 2011
23/03/2012 00:00
IEA Says Not Planning Any Coordinated Action on Oil Supplies
23/03/2012 00:00
Mitsui & Co., Mitsui O.S.K. Lines and Marubeni to Participate in Ultra-Deepwater FPSO Chartering Project
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22/03/2012 12:37
Oil falls below $107 amid China growth concerns
22/03/2012 11:00
US exempts Japan and EU nations from Iran oil sanctions
22/03/2012 00:00
Norway's DNO strikes oil in northern part of prize Iraqi field
22/03/2012 00:00
Venezuela wants to discuss sanctions on Iran at OPEC
22/03/2012 00:00
Toxic truths about Canada's oil sands
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Results for "poor bastard"
Because WHY THE F*** SHOULD CATS be the only ones having a good time chasing laser pointers, this puffer fish decided to give it a go. And he likes it! Just kidding, he thinks it's food and winds up with nothing but a mouthful of sand every time. Speaking of which -- rememb... / Continue →
A young man from the Jiangsu Province in China whom I won't name (but will post a picture and video of) because he's already gone though enough embarrassment, managed to get his arm stuck in the exit-pipe of a commode trying to retrieve his dropped cell phone. *horf* That. I... / Continue →
NOTE: Video is after the jump. You ever wanted to see a soft shelled turtle ride a Roomba? Me neither, but I did anyway. Needless to say, I wasn't surprised when the robotic d-bag kept ramming our reptilian brethren into chair legs and shit. Such a jerk. Which is exactly w... / Continue →
This is a taxidermied mouse with a flash drive wedged up its ass. It reminds me spying days when I made off with a bunch of top secret files from the Pentagon. Except that wasn't a flash drive, it was a stack of 5¼-inch floppies. And let me tell you: based on the way I was... / Continue →
This is a video of a little boy opening up an XBox 360 on Christmas. Except, instead of a console in the box, it's a pair of pajamas. Then the boy proceeds to cry while his dad laughs at him hysterically. Maybe next year they'll run over your dog! Peor Papa en la Historia!!... / Continue →
Ah, the nation's capital: where even a mustard sweater and your pants around your ankles about to shit on the sidewalk doesn't warrant a second look by anybody but a pervert in a green hat. Hit the jump for a zoomier picture if you're really sick.... / Continue →
Apparently a Roomba operating in Israel recently sucked up a poisonous Vipera palaestinae, preventing it from killing a family's two children and pets. Too bad that poor snake WASN'T GONNA DO ANYTHING. One evening last week Efi turned the robot on and left the house. When she... / Continue →
Some poor bastard, fed up with his car being broken into, decided to leave this passive aggressive note for the thieves. And not only does he reference Half-Life, THE DUDE KEEPS AN OCARINA IN HIS CAR. ZOMG, do you think he's Link?! Yeah, me neither. Also, to guy's credit,... / Continue →
Don't even act like you didn't deserve it. Twilight Saga: And so it begins... [lamebook] Thanks to pstone, who always remembers to take his shoes off before passing out.... / Continue →
This is a short video from the live-feed at NASA showing the group responsible for bombing the moon celebrating after a job well done. Just watch red shirt there get snubbed by black shirt after initiating a high-five sequence. THEY EVEN MAKE DIRECT EYE CONTACT. Geez, talk a... / Continue →


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Mar 13 - Corned Beef
Mar 20 - Roast Pork
Mar 27 - Chicken Marsala
The annual Irish Needle Night will be held on Thursday, March 13th at the Sons of Italy Hall starting at 6PM. Join us for a night of laughter, friendship, good food and drink. A great corn beef and cabbage dinner will precede a riotous show poking fun at some of the most outrageous happenings in our fine city. To reserve tickets contact John Nee at email@example.com or 781-935-8250.
Woburn Host Lions Club Honored
Donations to Eye Research Fund Exceed $500,000
The Woburn Host Lion's Club was recently honored by the officers of Lions District 33N for having donated over $500,000 to the Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund. The Host Lions are one of only four Lions clubs in the State to have ever surpassed this goal.
The money raised for this fund comes primarily from the annual Halloween Parade. Contributions from local business and civic organizations help defray the cost of the parade, and all donations collected during the event are earmarked for the research fund. This year alone, over $17,000 was collected during the parade and subsequently donated. To see a list of the businesses, civic organizations and individuals who supported the 2013 parade, click here
The fund enables the medical research staffs of institutions such as Tufts Medical, Boston University, Schepens Institute and Massachusetts Eye and Ear to find cures for eye diseases and to develop new treatment methods for traumatic eye injuries.
Lions Club Theme: We Serve
Thomas Quigley - President, Woburn Host Lions Club
Jeanne Farrow- District Governor, District 33N


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Dallas Nursing Institute is a nonprofit institution rooted in the belief that all students deserve quality instruction and guidance as they begin their quest for a professional nursing career. The instructors are highly-qualified and dedicated to making your educational experience a positive one. Through their expert guidance and care, you will be provided with the skills and knowledge you need to succeed in the nursing profession.
Selected programs:
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For over 35 years, Keiser University has provided student-centered, quality career education. Keiser University Online offers degree programs online to prepare students for in-demand professions.
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- Description
Since 2002, Dix heures Dix has been developing design lighting fixtures like Colonne, a floor lamp in white or coloured pleated fabric. Thanks to their different cultural backgrounds and industrial experiences, Dix heures Dix's designers, Catherine Grandidier and Fabrice Berrux, create original lighting designs with a twofold objective: exceptional aesthetics and efficient lighting effect.
In detail:- Type : Floor lamp
Colour : Black - Brushed stainless steel base
Material : Pleated cloth lampshade - Brushed stainless steel base
- Dimensions : H 240 cm - L 42 cm x W 42 cm
- Characteristics : Bulbs (not included) : FluoCompact 5 x 23W max - E27 - 230/240V - Transparent power wire - Supplied with EU plug : EU to UK plug adapter included
- Customer reviews


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Survivor Story - Natalya
Simply Fight! program recipient, Natalya, shares how her breast cancer diagnosis has impacted her family.
On July 17, 2013 I was diagnosed with Stage 3 Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. The hardest thing to do was to tell my kids because we lost my brother-in-law and sister-in-law within a year to cancer the previous year. After talking and explaining everything to my 10- and 5-year old, they seemed to accept it. We even had a head shaving party. The kids set everything up, but as soon as we started they both lost it crying and saying, "Daddy stop! Don't shave mommy's hair again!" We had to explain why we were doing it and show them how much my hair was falling out. After my surgery, my son would go home and cry in the shower, but after talking to them and explaining that everything will be ok they seem to accept it. Overall it was hard for everybody, but I told them I wasn't going anywhere. Until my last breath we will fight this and win the fight.
I heard about Pink Ribbon Girls from my provider Kim Breneman. The meals and cleaning have been a lifesaver. It is so much help I didn't know that this was possible. There are days when I come home from work and can barely move. My husband also works and takes care of our kids, so to have a meal ready for us is amazing. I wish there were more companies out there that would help people in their time of need.
I hope Pink Ribbon Girls will grow and people will be able to donate more because it is for a great cause – I'm proof of it. Thank you Pink Ribbon Girls for everything you have done for my family.
Survivor Story - Gail
Simply Fight! program recipient, Gail, describes her treatment plan and how
Pink Ribbon Girls has helped along the way.
I found a lump in my breast, went to the doctor to get a mammogram and talked to the cancer doctor just in case. They took a biopsy and it was positive for Stage III breast cancer. I chose a single mastectomy and had several positive lymph nodes. I started treatment right away and became very sick and needed a lot of help. I have gone through eight rounds of Chemotherapy and 30 treatments of radiation. I had to stop my treatment for a month because I became too ill to take the treatment.
My social worker at Good Sam North connected my with Pink Ribbon Girls and I have been so grateful ever since that day. I was very sick and there were many days I wouldn't have been able to fix my children a meal without the help of Pink Ribbon Girls. The meals are very delicious and my kids can't wait to go through the box and pick out their favorite.
I have no idea how I would have gotten to treatment without transportation. It is a blessing to know Suzan will always be on time and I didn't have to cancel any of my treatments because the Pink Ribbon Girls will always be there. I just love Suzan. She is always there for me and I truly appreciate our friendship. I will be so sad when I don't see her anymore.
Thank you so much to the Pink Ribbon Girls. I wouldn't have made it through breast cancer without them.


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UK breakdown cover
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The frontage of this former coaching inn hides sumptuous rooms furnished in a distinctive and individual style. An award-winning restaurant serves appealing dishes using locally sourced ingredients, a...
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Enjoying a peaceful location yet within easy reach of both the A4 and M4, this country-house hotel is set in 16 acres of gardens and woodland. Bedrooms are comfortably appointed and include some locat...
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High quality, budget accommodation ideal for both families and business travellers. Spacious, en suite bedrooms feature tea and coffee making facilities, and Freeview TV in most hotels. Internet acces...
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This modern hotel provides well-equipped accommodation and spacious public areas, appealing to both the leisure and business guest. Facilities include a smartly appointed leisure club, a business cent...
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This hotel boasts a range of smart, comfortable and stylish bedrooms, and leisure facilities that are unrivalled locally. Facilities include indoor and outdoor tennis courts, two swimming pools, a gy...
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Set in two acres of well-tended gardens, this attractive manor house is surrounded by the open countryside of the North Wessex Downs. Bedrooms are delightfully individual and are split between the mai...
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The edgy Seiko Solar watch series are designed by the best and known to be worn by the best. These watches have been out in the market for generations yet there class value has not gone down for a second.
A person who knows quality can spot these tiny beauties from miles. The technology functions smoothly and recharges with any form of light in its vicinity. It comes with a promise of cleaner and safer tomorrow.
The hard gold and silver plating is high quality. These will not easily wear off. These are an investment which will pass down the generations. These watches are simply works of art. And range is beautiful with a great variety.
These watches make for great gifts as well as personal choices. So spoil yourself with a gift this ear. It will not be a disappointment. They are designed to last for more than a lifetime.


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Found January 24, 2013 on
Obstructed View:
Chicago Cubs
Less than one month until Chicago Cubs baseball is on the air! WGN Radio will broadcast nine games. I wouldn't be surprised if most of the rest are covered on Gameday Radio, as was the case last year. No word yet on any televised games, though I would be surprised if any are non-weekend games.
The post Spring Training Broadcast Schedule Announced appeared first on Obstructed View.
Original Story:
Sammy Sosa Wants The Cubs To Retire His #21 (Video)
The Chicago Cubs 42 Man Roster Needs to Get to 40, While Still Fixing a Glaring Hole
Cubs seek help for renovation plan
Sosa: McGwire and I should be in Hall
Sammy Sosa answered several questions during a web chat, and he said that he and Mark McGwire should be in the Hall of Fame.
Cubs vs. Wrigleyville rooftop owners: more friction inevitable
Assume the Position: First Base
Sources: Cubs, Hairston agree to deal
Sosa says he and McGwire belong in Hall of Fame
Worse Presidential Candidate: Sammy Sosa Or Wilmer Valderrama?
Sammy Sosa speaks his mind. Yawn!!
Ricketts vs. Rooftops, or, The Man vs. the slightly smaller The Man
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Home Page
Lunch Menu
Afternoon Tea Menu
The Spicery
Our 1895 Home
7141 N. 59th Ave
Glendale, AZ 85301
Your Subtitle text
Welcome to The Spicery in Our 1895 Home
This unique and charming restaurant is located in one of the oldest homes in the historic Catlin Court area of downtown Glendale.
Our chefs prepare the flavors of yesterday just like our mothers and grandmothers made. Enjoy our homemade fresh baked rolls, chicken salad and quiche but make sure you save room for our delectable
We look forward to seeing you soon.
Monday thru Saturday 10:30am - 2pm (Reservations Suggested) Please click on the Lunch Menu tab above for a list of items.
Afternoon Tea
- (Reservations Required)
Please click on the Afternoon Tea Menu tab above for more information.


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Overall rating 3 out of 53.6 (8 ratings)
Last updated 21 May 2013, created 18 September 2008, viewed 20,594
An A4 page of images of food groups to either laminate or put in a polypocket for prompting food groups when using the EATWELL PLATE. The second one A5 can be colour photocopied and cut (maybe as a homework task) to stick onto a blank plate. A mixture of clips and grabbed images from Google. Use it as you like!
Please provide a rating.
Thank you for this easy to use resource... great as a prompt and as a work sheet for my lower ability children.
very useful images. Thanks for putting them on.
Thanks. It saved me having to trawl the internet for the images.
thank you so much, a life saver!! very useful with my class of year 8 SEN children!
mistry. i have downloaded these and found them very useful. we will be using the booklet and sow for sept. i am very pleased with the content.


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Enter Your Zip Code
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Complete the fields below to request BBC America.
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After Torchwood's failed attempt at thwarting the 456, the government initiates their plan. As violence erupts and anarchy reigns, can Jack and Gwen find a way to save millions of children?
COE - Day Five


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I LOVE THIS SHOW TOO I havent been able to watch for three weeks now, but thank goodness they put recaps online. Its not as good as the real thing but it gets me by,LOL. Last night was crazy. I cant wait to see next week:
post #41 of 69
7/24/07 at 4:50pm


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As children move toward more independence in play, we want them to find toys and activities that help encourage this independent thinking. Continuing to pretend, to build, to create and to design will help them do it. And keep them engaged and excited for hours!
"You can almost hear the skipping rope slapping the sidewalk," wrote Margaret Laurence of Dennis Lee's timeless poetry collection Alligator Pie. One of the first illustrated books published about Canadian children and featuring Canadian place names, Alligator Pie established Dennis Lee's reputation as "Canada's Father Goose" and has sold more than half a million copies since its publication in 1974.
This classic edition, featuring Frank Newfeld's instantly recognizable original illustrations and book design, includes childhood favourites such as "Willoughby Wallaby Woo," "Wiggle to the Laundromat" and "Skyscraper."
Hardcover containing 64 pages.
By Shel Silverstein
Every day the boy would come to the tree to eat her apples, swing from her branches, or slide down her trunk . . . and the tree was happy. But as the boy grew older he began to want more from the tree, and the tree gave and gave. This is a tender story, touched with sadness, aglow with consolation. Shel Silverstein has created a moving parable for readers of all ages that offers an affecting interpretation of the gift of giving and a serene acceptance of another's capacity to love in return.
Hardcover, contains 64 pages.
By John Foster
My First Oxford Book of Poems is a perfect introduction for young children to the magical world of poetry. The poets range from the traditional, such as Wordsmith, Christina Rossetti, and Robert Louis Stevenson to modern writers like Ted Hughes and Spike Milligan. The poems are richly illustrated and make this a book to return to again and again!
Softcover containing 96 pages.
By Joanna Cole, Illustrated by Alan Tiegreen
Rhyming makes the game of rope jumping even more fun! How many times can you jump rope? Anna Banana is a counting rhyme, and there are lots of others like it. There are also red-hot pepper rhymes for jumping very fast, rhymes for jumping in and out of the rope and much, much more!
The rhymes in this book began as a way to keep the rhythm while jumping rope, but they also lent poetry and humor to the game. Here are over 100 traditional rhymes that will make rope jumping challenging and, best of all, fun!
Softcover containing 64 pages.


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Cheesehead Nation: Top 100 Wisconsin-born Sports Figures (100-81)
By Adam Lindemer ,
The Badger State, America's Dairyland, Packerland; just a few names to describe Wisconsin.
That is a place where the following 100 people can say they were born. They then went on to have some pretty good careers.
It only took me a few days to get the full 100, but it took even longer to get the ranking to my liking.
You will see mostly sports stars (many still competing), with other figures mixed in from various sports outlets. I made sure to look all around the sports world for these 100.
This is part one of the five-part series; part two (80-61), part three (60-41), part four (40-21) and part five (top 20).
Pretty much the only requirement was that it must be shown somewhere that the person was born anyhwere in the cheese state.
Before we start the countdown, let's look at who just missed out making the list.
— Connie Carpenter (Madison and pictured): Was the first women to compete in both the summer and winter Olympics. Also won cycling gold in 1984 L.A. games.
— Rodney Buford (Milwaukee): Participated in track, basketball and baseball in high school. Has played 230 games in the NBA, scoring 1,472 points.
— Scott Servais (La Crosse): Hit 63 career home runs, with a .245 average. He is now the director of player development for the Texas Rangers.
— Gary Varsho (Marshfield): Batted .244 with 10 career home runs. Attended UW-Oshkosh and is now the bench coach for Pittsburgh Pirates.
— Beth Heiden (Madison): Sister of Eric (who you will see later in this list), who bronzed in the 3,000 meters for speed skating in 1980 Olympics. Also was the 1980 U.S. cycling champ, and won the 1983 NCAA cross country skiing title.
— Travis Kvapil (Janesville): Was Rookie of the Year in the Craftsmen Truck Series and has had six top 10 finishes in the Sprint Cup.
Matuszak was the No. 1 overall pick in 1973 NFL Draft by the Houston Oilers. He also spent time with the Oakland Raiders, and appeared in two Super Bowls.
He didn't have much of a playing career though, but his role as Sloth in Goonies is what gives him the nod to kick off this list.
Matuszak also finished ninth in the 1978 Strong Man competition with his 6'8" 280-pound frame.
He died at the age of 38 due to heart failure. The cause was noted as either cocaine or pneumonia.
Wilson turned professional in 1997 and has notched two career PGA victories.
He won the 2001 Wisconsin State Open, and has never played in the Masters or British Open.
Wilson has yet to make the cut in the U.S. Open or PGA Championship.
"Auggie" played at UW-Oshkosh and then with the Milwaukee Brewers from 1975-84.
He amassed a 55-59 record, with an ERA of 4.23 and 348 strikeouts. Augustine pitched in 279 and notched 11 saves.
Augustine also went on to become head baseball coach at the UW-Milwaukee for a number of years.
He is now an analyst for the Brewers, and his nephew is James Augustine; former member of the University of Illinois basketball team and current Orlando Magic player.
I could not find a picture of Mueller, who played Yankees pitcher Duke in Major League. He was the guy who "threw at his own kid in a father-son game."
Mueller pitched in six games for the Milwaukee Brewers, going 1-0 with a 6,14 ERA and seven strikeouts.
A limited taste of professional stats, but his role in a cult classic gets him on the list.
He still resides in West Bend.
Gaines went from a star on his Madison West High School team to a star with the University of Louisville. His father Clyde played at Wisconsin.
He averaged 15.6 ppg as a Cardinal and scored 1,945 points in his career.
Gaines was then drafted 15th overall in 2003 by the Orlando Magic, and now plays in Italy.
He also had a stint with his home-state Milwaukee Bucks, but played very limited minutes.
Paul is a three-time Olympian and was the first male to win an all-around gymnastics gold in 2003.
He was originally on the 2008 U.S. gymnastics team, but had two drop out with an injured hand.
Morgan made the 2000 squad at the age of 17 and played a vital role for the U.S. in its silver medal performance in 2004, where he was the highest scorer in both vault and high bar.
He also had to drop out of the 2008 games, with an ankle injury. Morgan was married on May 23, 2007.
Rohlinger is the nephew of No. 97 Willie Mueller, and was an all-state athlete his senior in four sports at his West Bend East high school.
Yes, that's right, four sports, as West Bend East plays summer baseball in Wisconsin. He also played football (fall), basketball (winter) and tennis (spring).
Rohlinger holds most of his high school's baseball offensive records and, during his four years, the team was 110-21.
Now in the San Francisco Giants' system, he is rated as one of the best third basemen in all the minor leagues.
However, with the great play of Pablo Sandoval, we'll see where Rohlinger fits in.
Osborne was a star athlete at Waukesha Catholic Memorial High School, and went on to UC-Santa Clara, where she was on the 2001 NCAA Championship team.
She was named to the 2008 U.S. Olympic team, but tore her ACL before competition began.
Osborne is currently a midfielder with the FC Gold Pride of the Women's Professional Soccer League and is a volunteer assistant at UC-Santa Clara.
Harder played at the University of Wisconsin, where the team went 8-1-1 in 1942.
During a game against Ohio State that year, the Badgers won 17-7 in which Harder scored all 17 points.
Harder was the No. 2 pick in the 1944 NFL Draft, where he won a title with the 1947 Cardinals and led the league in scoring in '47, '48 and '49.
He was also a member of the Detroit Lions' '52 and '53 title teams, and was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1993.
Weber-Gale was a member of that infamous relay team for the U.S in the 2008 Olympics, where Jason Lezak edged out the French team by the smallest of margins.
Weber-Gale started swimming at the local YMCA in Brown Deer, and went on to the University of Texas from 2003-07, where he won the 2006 NCAA title in the 100 freestyle.
He was the first U.S male to go under the 48-second mark in the 100 freestyle when he swam a 47.78 in a preliminary round.
At 6'5" and 218 pounds, he appears to be a force in the NHL.
Steckel played at Ohio State University from 200-04 where he had 50 goals, 55 assists and 249 penalty minutes.
Now a member of the Washington Capitals for the past four years, Steckel has 13 goals and 18 assists, with 70 penalty minutes.
He has appeared in 21 playoff games with four goals and three assists.
Memmel has won seven medals in her career as a gymnast.
She took third at the 2003 World Championship on the uneven bars, and won the all around at the '05 Worlds.
Memmel was on the 2008 U.S. Olympic team, and currently owns M&M Gymnastics with her parents.
She still resides in West Allis.
Whitehurst was born and raised right in the hub of Packer Nation and went on to Clemson University.
As a Tiger, he was the only quarterback to go 4-0 against the heavy rival South Carolina Gamecocks.
Whitehurst was drafted in the third round of the 2006 NFL Draft to the San Diego Chargers and has yet to throw a pass in the regular season.
McCarville starred on her Stevens Point Area Senior High (SPASH) team from 2001-04, where the team went 59-11.
SPASH was the runner-up in the WIAA State Tournament in 01, as McCarville averaged 19.4 ppg in that season.
McCarville went on to the University of Minnesota where she was given the nickname "Lady Shaq" where she is top 5 in most major statistical categories.
She also holds the NCAA Tournament records for most rebounds (75 in 5 games). McCarville was the No. 1 overall pick in the 2005 WNBA Draft ot the Charlotte Sting, and now plays for the N.Y. Liberty.
Growing up, Stafford played for the Waukesha Warhawks, and was later drafted No. 13 by the Buffalo Sabres in 2004.
He has played in 184 games in the NHL, where he has 49 goals and 61 assists, to go along with 113 penalty minutes.
Stafford's father Gordie also played for Edmonton of the NHL.
Wimmer started racing in his hometown Wausau and is very well known throughout the Midwest.
He was second in the ASA Rookie of the Year voting.
Wimmer has thee top 10 finishes on the Sprint Cup, while getting six wins and 64 top 10's on the Nationwide Series.
He also competed in downhill skiing events when he was 14 years old.
As a junior at Brown Deer High School, Novak averaged 22.2 ppg, 12 rpg and 3.4 bpg. He followed that with 20.6 ppg, 10.4 rpg and 5 apg as a senior.
Novak was named Wisconsin's Player of the Year in 2002, and BDHS retired his No. 20 jersey in 2006.
He then went on to star at Marquette University as a three-point specialist. With Dywane Wade and Travis Diener, he helped the Golden Eagles reach the Final Four.
Novak was drafted in the second round by Houston in 2006, and now plays for the L.A. Clippers.
The last name of Diener is that of a rock star in Wisconsin, but Travis will be the headliner.
In high school, Travis Diener was a USA Today Player of the Year: 2000 All-America High School Baseball as a pitcher and a shortstop.
He played a key role in the 2003 Final Four run for Marquette. Diener was drafted 38th by the Magic in the '05 NBA Draft.
Others in the Diener clan:
— His sister Brittney played basketball for NCAA D-II Lewis University.
— His sister Rachel played basketball for Saint Louis University.
— His cousin Drake played basketball for DePaul University and currently plays professionally in Italy.
— His cousin Drew played basketball for Saint Louis University and is currently the director of basketball operations at the University of Virginia
— His high school basketball coach was his uncle Dick Diener
— Another uncle, Tom Diener, is the former boys basketball coach at Milwaukee Vincent, where he won five state titles, tied for the most of any coach in Wisconsin high school basketball history.
McIntosh was a member of the Wisconsin Badgers from 1996-99 under Barry Alvarez.
He was an All-American and made the All-Big Ten first team in his career and was co-captain in '99 and '00, when the Badgers won the Rose Bowl both years.
McIntosh was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks, but had to retire in 2003 due to a neck injury and is currently a real estate agent in Milwaukee.
Pavelski also attended SPASH, and won the WIAA State hockey title in 2002.
He then went to Wisconsin for the 05-06 where the Badgers were NCAA Champs.
Pavelski was the 205th pick by San Jose in 2003, and would become the first Shark to score a goal in his very first NHL game.
He played all 82 games in 07-08, having 58 goals and 59 assists, with 92 penalty minutes. He also had three game-winning goals in the '08 playoffs.


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Lawrence Santoro has designated that all proceeds from the sale of copies of his e-book Lord Dickens's Declaration through December 30, 2009 will go to help Spider and Jeanne Robinson with their medical bills. Jeanne Robinson has been battling a virulent form of biliary cancer.
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US 20080148195 A1 Abstract A method and apparatus for inspection optimization is provided. Inspection optimization improves the parametric and functional yield using optimized inspection lists for in-line semiconductor manufacturing metrology and inspection equipment.
Claims(20) 1. A method for inspection optimization comprising:
generating a first list of critical areas based on cross domain correlation for a layout; applying increased priority for the critical areas crucial to a yield statistics; and providing an optimized inspection list for critical areas of increased priority. 2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. An apparatus for inspection optimization comprising:
means for generating a first list of critical areas based on cross domain correlation for a layout; means for applying increased priority for the critical areas crucial to a yield statistics; and means for providing an optimized inspection list for critical areas of increased priority. 9. The apparatus of
10. The apparatus of
11. The apparatus of
12. The apparatus of
13. The apparatus of
14. A computer program product comprising a computer-usable storage medium having executable code to execute a process for inspection optimization, the process comprising:
generating a first list of critical areas based on cross domain correlation for a layout; applying increased priority for the critical areas crucial to a yield statistics; and providing an optimized inspection list for critical areas of increased priority. 15. The computer program product of
16. The computer program product of
17. The computer program product of
18. The computer program product of
19. The computer program product of
20. The computer program product of
Description The present invention relates to design for manufacturing (DFM) for the design and production of integrated chips. The production of integrated circuits (IC) requires many different skills using knowledge from various disciplines. This process generally starts with the design of an IC chip, including the various circuit elements, their electrical interconnects, and their physical layout across the chip. The IC design typically describes each layer required to fabricate the IC in a FAB using a photolithographic process. There are generally many layers to an IC chip. The design is analyzed with respect to its physical layout. For example, wire width may be determined and efficient routing and placement of components may occur. Process model may also be used in analyzing the design. This information usually is obtained from a library provided by the manufacturers. After an integrated circuit is designed, a photomask is created. A photomask, or more simply a �mask,� provides the master image of one layer of a given integrated chip's physical geometries. There are different types of masks, including binary chrome-on-glass, attenuated phase-shifting masks (attPSM) and alternating phase-shifting masks (altPSM). Before being used in a photolithography system to replicate the mask image in reduced size onto a wafer when building the IC, the mask is inspected for defects. Defects found in the mask will often be repaired so that they will not be replicated on or introduce harmful distortions to the chips created from that mask. The demand to meet shrinking feature size is a challenge faced by the IC industry. Resolution Enhancement Techniques (RET) are applied to masks to meet some photolithographic results due to several factors including 1) mask features being smaller than the wavelength of the stepper, 2) object placement, and 3) shapes in combinations with diffraction limited issues. As more RET is required, manufacturing costs and cycle time increase exponentially. Up until tapeout, a vast amount of information is available, including, for example, the relation of the physical layout to the design schematic or netlist; individual circuit element models and properties; circuit criticalities; and manufacturing assumptions which were used in the IC design. Furthermore, the information is typically in a design hierarchy of fundamental library base cells, or �hard IP,� of predesigned and characterized blocks, or �cores.� Circuit elements at this level may include, for example, transistors, power buses, resistors, capacitors, and interconnects. Logos and manufacturing elements, such as area fill cells, may also be included. Tapeout is typically the last step in the IC design flow and is the �handoff� mechanism to manufacturing. Typically, tapeout produces a geometries-only design hierarchical data file in GDS-II stream format. However, a wealth of design knowledge is stripped out into this geometry-only format, and therefore is unavailable to any data file derived from it or any design or manufacturing integration process occurring thereafter. Yield loss during the semiconductor manufacturing process is very problematic. Linking design knowledge to predict real-world manufacturing processes has not been resolved. There are various approaches to identifying lithography critical areas to monitor on the wafer after printing, but no solution has been suggested to correlate the electrical and physical attributes as a basis for enhancing parametric and functional yields. Traditionally, enlarging the process yield window has been the goal of DFM, while manufacturing Advanced Process Control (APC) aims to keep the manufacturing process in the process yield window. A current approach utilizes RET Process Window Optimization (PWO) using brightfield imaging wafer defect inspection techniques. RET PWO does not account for parametrically sensitive areas but only focuses on functional areas that are deemed difficult to lithographically print on the wafer surface. Manufacturers, receiving the mask, manufacture and package the ICs on wafers. The current choice of inline metrology/inspection points on wafer is based on in-house knowledge. Traditionally during full volume manufacturing, ten to twenty sites are selected on the wafer to be inspected. Dimensional excursions outside the control limits of these sites are what triggers a manufacturing process adjustment. As process nodes shrink to sub 65 nm, the driver for yield loss has shifted from random defects to systematic defects. Systematic defects typically account for more than 80% of yield loss; moreover, parametric defects account for more than 50% of yield loss. The current choice of inline metrology/inspection points on the wafer is based on in-house knowledge. Traditionally during full volume manufacturing, ten to twenty sites are selected on the wafer to be inspected. These ten to twenty sites typically are not adjusted wafer to wafer or lot to lot, and are design independent. Wafer fabrication manufacturers use historical inspection data to determine areas that are presumed to be representative structures for wafer yield. In house knowledge does not account for parametrically sensitive areas but only focuses on functional areas that are deemed difficult to manufacture. Furthermore, any parametric yield loss is only detected at the end of manufacturing during wafer electrical test. Therefore, there is a need to allow for more cooperation and sharing of information between the designers and manufacturers. Also, there is a need to improve the accuracy of hot spot determination and selection of inline metrology/inspection points. Method and apparatus are disclosed for inspection optimization for semiconductor manufacturing. As will be made apparent to those skilled in the art, other and further aspects and advantages of the present invention will appear hereafter. Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the following figures. Modeling and cross correlation of design predicted criticalities for optimization of semiconductor manufacturing include using feedback loops where information from the manufacturing process is provided to a cross correlation engine for optimization of semiconductor manufacturing. In an embodiment, the information developed in manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs) is used by the designers to improve the efficiency and accuracy of future manufactured products. The information may include parametric information, functional information, and hot spots determination. The sharing of information allows for design intent to be reflected in manufacturing metrology space; thus, allowing for more efficient and intelligent metrology. Currently, there is not much insight in the design when the ICs are being manufactured. When design files are given to manufacturing, not much continuity exist between design and manufacturing. Closing this loop brings manufacturing into design so designers can use actual data from silicon to validate their models to allow for more efficient predictions and calibration. Closing the loop also reduces cycle time. In one embodiment, this process allows for faster time to manufacturing from pilot to full production. In another embodiment, this process allows for faster time to product development. The design for manufacturing process flow includes process models 120, layout overlays 115, parametric simulation 125, mask optimization 110, redesign 130, mask shop 135, process optimization 140, fabrication 147, inspection optimization 150, optimization determination 113, 143, 160, packaging 170 and analysis of failure to meet specification 180. The process models 120 are models of process specific variations. The process models 120 are processing tool specific and include variations resulting from manufacturing. For example, depth of the wires are not considered when designing the physical layout; however, depth varies during fabrication. Therefore, process models provide the designers with the necessary information to improve the accuracy of simulation of their designs by knowing the effects of fabrication on their designs. This knowledge allows the designers to better anticipate the variations and improve the yield of the final product. In one embodiment, these process models 120 are stored in a database. In another embodiment, they are stored remotely from the designers. Any location or storage means may be used. Process models 120 continuously receives updated process model information from the manufacturing process. The layout overlays 115, a design layout displaying hotspots from different critical domains, includes the physical layout information. These are information that are provided to the designers when they are designing the layout of the IC. In one embodiment, the physical layout is designed using Virtuoso� Layout Editor by Cadence Design Systems, Inc. of San Jose, Calif. Any layout design editor may be used. Parametric simulation 125 includes the simulation of electrical effects to the layout design. Parametric information includes critical timing paths and IR drop or leakage. In one embodiment, this simulation is performed by First Encounter� technology Cadence Design Systems, Inc. of San Jose, Calif. In another embodiment, IR drop analysis utilizes VoltageStorm� by Cadence Design Systems, Inc. of San Jose, Calif. Any other simulation tool for determining parametric information may be used. Mask optimization 110 optimizes the design of the mask to ensure the resulting product is what the designer intended. In one embodiment, Mask optimization enhances Optical Proximity Correction (OPC) treatment. In another embodiment, mask optimization provides an existing RET engine with design layout and hot spot location lists as inputs in order to properly weight for critical features during OPC recipe creation. Details of the mask optimization will be described in detail below in OPC and RET are examples of possible treatments of mask optimization to enhance the yield of the resulting wafer. Possible treatments are not limited to OPC/RET. Other types of treatments may be implemented with mask optimization. The resulting optimized mask is sent to decision box 113 where it is determined whether the treatment for the mask of the design is optimized. When the treatment (e.g., OPC/RET) for the design is optimized, the design is sent to mask shop for tapeout. If not, results are analyzed 180. If it is determined that the layout is the cause of the inability for the treatment to be optimized, then the layout needs to be redesigned at redesign 130. Redesign 130 allows the designer to redesign the layout design. Any additional new information from the redesign may be provided to the process models. Parametric simulation and layout simulation are also performed for the next iteration of the newly design layout. The mask shop 135 received the treatment information such as the OPC/RET information and the layout design where a mask is produced. This results in a tapeout of the product. Masking techniques for tapeout is performed using conventional methods and techniques. Any method and techniques may be used in producing the mask. Process optimization 140 attempts to optimize the fabrication process. In one embodiment, process optimization includes improving the parametric and functional yields. In another embodiment, variability is considered. In a further embodiment, the process optimization utilizes process window information from the manufacturer to anticipate the yield resulting from the fabrication of the design layout. The process window is defined according to various criteria based on the process and/or parametric features. For example, on the process side the criteria are dose, focus for lithography, planarity and gradient for CMP. Examples of parametric features are chip frequency, power, IR drop, and electro migration. In another embodiment, this is an optional optimization step. In another embodiment, additional details learned about the process are sent to the process models 120 and mask optimization for future use. Details of the process optimization will be described below in In one embodiment, the resulting optimized process information such as a process recipe is provided decision box 143. If the process recipe is determined to have been optimized, then the mask and recipe is sent for fabrication. If the recipe is determined to have not been optimized, then it is analyzed to determine why 180. If it is because of bad design, then the layout will be redesigned 130. If it is because of mask optimization, then mask optimization will be performed again using new process model information. If the mask is unable to be produced (i.e. no manufacturing solution) then the layout design is returned to the mask optimization 110 and/or redesigned. In another embodiment, process optimization is an optional step. In an embodiment, he optimized process, mask treatment and mask is provided to manufacturer where fabrication occurs 147. The lots of wafers produced are sent to be inspected to determine production yield. Inspection optimization 150 attempts to improve the efficiency of determining the production yield. In one embodiment, parametric and functional yield are determined using optimized inspection lists for inline semiconductor manufacturing metrology and inspection equipment. The optimized inspection list is a result of statistically optimizing a correlated cross domain inspection list with a parametric and functional yield threshold. During this optimization process, information is provided to the mask optimization and process optimization as well as the process models for future use. Details of the inspection optimization will be described below in Decision box 160 determines if the produced wafers meet the manufacturing specification. If it does, then the packaging block 170 is where the final products are packaged. Any packaging process or technique may be used. If the determination 160 results in the wafers failing to meet the manufacturer's specification, then the wafers are analyzed to determine why they failed to meet the specification 180. If the design is at fault, then the layout will need to be redesigned 130. If the mask treatment or the process recipe can be adjusted to increase yield at this particular fab, then the information is returned to mask optimization and process optimization, respectively, to increase future production yield. The yield for the lots of wafers are determined, for example, by cross correlating hot spots of the most probable locations of parametric and functional critical areas. The accurate determination of yield increases the efficiency of determining whether a wafer meets manufacturing specifications. If the wafer meets the specification, then its ICs are packaged. If not, the wafer is further analyzed to determine why it failed to meet the specification. For example, if the failure to meet specification can be solved by adjusting the layout, then that may be done back at L/O 115 for the future designs. As another example, if the process models information needs to be updated, that information can be sent to process optimization 140 to improve the process for future runs. Any combination of each embodiments may be used. In one embodiment, only process optimization is used in the design for manufacturing process flow. In another embodiment, only mask optimization is utilized in the design for manufacturing process flow. In a third embodiment, only inspection optimization is used in the design for manufacturing process flow. In a further embodiment, mask optimization and process optimization are utilized in the design for manufacturing process flow. In a fifth embodiment, mask optimization and inspection optimization are utilized in the design for manufacturing process flow. In a sixth embodiment, process optimization and inspection optimization are utilized in the design for manufacturing process flow. Linking design knowledge to improve RET/OPC recipes reduces manufacturing costs as well as optimizes the mask design. Critical features during design phase and manufacturing phase that impact chip performance need to get the maximum RET/OPC weighting to meet lithography goals. The mask optimization 1 10 methodology takes into account physical as well as parametric attributes to determine critical areas for RET/OPC weighting. In one embodiment, the correlation of several cross domain (i.e., physical and electrical) EDA applications optimizes finding critical areas for RET/OPC weighting. Therefore, mask optimization flow methodology addresses parametric and functional yield. Mask optimization provides different weighting for RET/OPC correction within the layout. The idea being that non-critical areas get less attention for RET/OPC correction while critical areas get maximum attention for RET/OPC correction. In one embodiment, critical areas or hot spots are manufacturing critical areas that have the most effect to the process yield. In another embodiment, RET/OPC treatment uses all the design data provided by EDA tools such as the electrical attributes and timing analysis to determine the critical areas. The flow uses layout overlay, process simulation, and parametric optimization to improve an RET/OPC baseline recipe. Mask optimization 110 takes the existing RET/OPC baselines and design data via layout overlay 115, process models 120 and parametric simulation 125 in order to optimize the RET/OPC. A cross domain-correlation engine 240 utilizes hot spot information with weighting factors to provide a list of more accurate hot spots. In one embodiment, the cross domain correlated engine 240 takes hot spots determined by the design data as inputs, combines them and applies different weighting factors to supply new hot spots, which tags locations within the layout where critical areas need to print as close to the drawn layout relative to other areas not identified as critical. In another embodiment, hot spots calculation is performed and combined with the weighting factors. In a further embodiment, hot spots determined from previous runs or from other portions of the design for manufacturing process flow may be used thereby reducing processing time. The new hot spots are fed into the RET/OPC engine to optimize the OPC correction. In one embodiment, the weighting is for preserving edge fidelity. Any desired weighting may be used. The RET/OPC is modified 250 based on the weighted hot spots from the cross domain correlation engine 240. The mask optimization 110 then runs the lithography recipe to determine the result of the mask 260. The mask 260 include the optimization of the RET/OPC. After running the lithography recipe, a yield is predicted 270. From correlated data of previous runs based on weighting, as well as functional and parametric data from both historic and simulated design and manufacturing data, a prediction of the final product yield is made. A simulation is performed to determine if the optimized mask can produce the desired product with acceptable yield 280. If there is an improvement over the initial baseline, the new baseline will be kept as a possible candidate for mask manufacturing. If the new baseline is not improved, then the RET/OPC is modified again if treatments are available to further improve the mask by returning to RET/OPC modification 250. If the lack of improvement is due to the layout design, then the IC will need to be redesigned 130. After running all of the RET/OPC baselines through the mask optimization flow, the optimized RET/OPC baseline that shows the best yield prediction 290 is chosen 290 for the mask manufacturing process at the mask shop 135. The mask optimization 110 receives multiple established RET/OPC baselines and each baseline goes through the mask optimization flow. For each RET/OPC baseline, a prioritized list of hot spots are determined by the cross domain correlation engine 240. A previous IC design fabricated at the manufacturer 350 is simulated for hot spots. In one embodiment, a process simulation 360 and parametric simulation 370 are performed to determine all the hot spots 380. In another embodiment, the previous layout may be an unrelated product run. In other embodiments, other simulation for determining hot spots may be performed. Because the layout had already been fabricated, the actual hot spots/non-conforming areas on the die and wafer surface are known 385. That information is entered and compared with the location of the simulated hot spots. The weighting parameters are tuned to adjust the location of hot spots 390 such that the locations of simulated hot spots are substantially similar to the location of hot spots determined from the actual manufacturing data 380. Once the simulated and actual hot spot locations are found to be substantially located at the same location, then the weighting parameters are stored. The weighting parameters may put emphasis on the importance of an area of the IC. The tuning 390 of the weighting parameters adjusts the importance of certain simulated hot spots. In one embodiment, process simulation produces hot spots based on RET, CMP, and the physical layout. Each kind of hot spot could be selected, deselected or given a percentage when determining the weighting. In another embodiment, parametric simulation determines hot spots due to timing, IR drop, and/or electro migration. Again, each one of these hot spots is selectable. The weighting allows for finding a set of hot spots having a union or intersection of these hot spots where each kind of hot spots has a different percentage of importance. Once the proper weighting to locate the actual hot spots using the simulations are determined, those weighting values are transmitted to the filter engine 395. The filter engine 395 selectively filters for the desired weighting information. This information is sent to the manufacturer scoring engine 340. The current layout design 310 is also simulated. In one embodiment, process simulation is performed 320. In another embodiment, parametric simulation is performed 330. Other simulations to try to improve the accuracy of the simulation may also be performed. Process simulation 320 is performed to determine the possible critical areas determined by the physical layout 325. Parametric simulation 330 is performed to determine the possible critical areas determined by the electrical effects 335. The physical hot spots and electrical hot spots are transmitted to the manufacturing scoring engine 340. The scoring engine, using the weighting from the manufacturer, predicts the location of the hot spots. The weighting from the filter engine 395 is sent to the manufacturing scoring engine 340. along with the physical and electrical hot spots from the simulations and manufacturing data. Using the weighting factors from the manufacturer and/or the filter engine 395, a mask optimized prioritized list of hot spots locations can be determined for the current layout 310. The mask optimized priority list is determined using manufactured data, information of the physical 325 and electrical 335 effects and the weighting parameters from the filter engine 395. The manufacturing data is used to compensate for manufacturing drift. The physical and electrical effects provides the manufacturer scoring engine with a list of hot spots caused by different effects. For example, the electrical effects may be due to timing, IR drop, and/or electro migration. Other effects may be due to RET, CMP, physical layout, etc. The simulations result in a list of locations of hot spots for each effect. A union or intersection of the different types of hotspots as well as a set of weighting parameters is used to result in a final set of hot spot locations. As the selection and/or weighting changes the resulting list of hot spot locations will also change. Using the weighting parameters from the filter engine, the resulting prioritized list is likely to represent the actual critical area locations showing the hot spot locations after manufacturing. Process optimization 140 allows process yield windows to be tightened around critical cross-domain design attributes producing smaller 3-sigma process variation and allows chip manufacturers to better predict binning yields. In one embodiment, process optimization 140 optimizes both the parametric and functional yields after mask manufacturing 135. Typical processes that can be optimized are CMP, lithography and etch steps. In one embodiment, the process optimization applied to the lithographic process optimization generates focus exposure matrices using cross correlated critical features as generated by a correlation engine. The process optimization flow includes using the combined process window simulation 410. After calibration of the models from manufacturing data, all simulation design outputs are re-generated and combined. Then, parametric critical analysis 420 is performed for the process window. In an embodiment, cross correlated critical features includes parametric and functional yield. The cross domain correlation engine 430 accepts the physical and layout information from the combined process window simulation as well as electrical effects information from the parametric critical analysis 420. Using the information from the combined process window simulation 410 and parametric critical analysis 420, the parametric yield and functional yield for the lots are predicted 450. In a further embodiment, the cross correlated parametric and functional yield feature set includes an intersection or union of electrically sensitive clocks or timing critical paths to lithography, CMP, etch, doubled vias, or matched transistor pair hot spots as identified by EDA tools. This prediction 450 is compared with a previous prediction or a baseline to determine whether there has been an improvement over the threshold 460 and/or the process recipe. If the yield is acceptable, then the optimized process recipe is stored for future use 470. The improved process recipe may be provided to the process models 120 and inspection optimization 150. If the yield prediction is not acceptable, then the process settings are adjusted or updated 480 for the next iteration of the combined process window simulation 410. If there is no manufacturing solution (e.g., unable to reach an acceptable functional and/or parametric yield), then mask optimization may need to be performed. The process optimization allows for multi-variant design based process optimization including process control for both functional and parametric yields using correlated cross domain design attributes. This optimization process improves product binning through earlier detection of potential process control excursions of functional and parametric thresholds and increases operational efficiency of in-line metrology/inspection by allowing for more good dies to be produced. In one embodiment, the current mask containing the current layout 510 is simulated. Process Window simulation 520 is performed to determine the possible critical areas determined by the process window 525. Parametric Critical Analysis simulation 530 is performed to determine the possible critical areas determined by the electrical effects 535. The location of the simulated functional hot spots and electrical hot spots for the current layout design are transmitted to the manufacturing scoring engine 540. Using a previous mask and layout fabricated at the manufacturer 550, a previous layout is also analyzed for hot spots. A process window simulation 560 and parametric critical analysis simulation 570 are performed to determine the location of all the hot spots found during the simulations 580. Because the layout had already been fabricated, the actual locations of hot spots/failure areas are also known 585. Location information is entered and compared with the location of the simulated hot spots. The weighting parameters are then tuned to match hot spots 590 such that the locations of simulated hot spots are substantially similar to the location of hot spots determined from the actual manufacturing data 585. In one embodiment, weighting parameters are similar to the weighting parameters of cross domain correlation engine 240. In another embodiment, weighting parameters are determined by the user as needed. Once the proper weighting to reproduce the location of the hot spots using the simulations are determined, those weighting values are transmitted to the filter engine 595. The filter engine is used to predict the location of the hot spot locations for the new design 510. The weighting parameters from the filter engine 595 is sent to the manufacturing scoring engine 540. Similar to the cross domain correlation engine described above, the physical and electrical hot spots from the simulations and manufacturing data are also provided. Using this information combined with the weighting parameters from the manufacturer, a process optimized prioritized list of hot spots is determined for the current layout 510. Inspection optimization 150 includes a cross domain correlation engine 610. Engine 610 is substantially similar to the cross domain correlation engines of mask optimization 110 and process optimization 140. In one embodiment, it uses the hot spots location information and/or the parametric and physical simulation information to produce an inspection list of possible hot spot locations. In one embodiment, the hot spots locations information includes lithography hot spots. In another embodiment, the hot spots locations include parametric hot spots. In a further embodiment, locations of CMP hot spots are provided. Any other hot spots such as design hot spots may be used. In one embodiment, the cross domain correlation engine 610 produces an inspection list of hot spots 620. In another embodiment, previous hot spot lists may be used. In a further embodiment, inspection lists using hot spot locations determined by the cross domain correlation engines from other portions of the design for manufacturing process flow may be used. The wafers received from the fab 147 are physically inspected for hot spots using inline inspection/metrology 630. From inline inspection/metrology of the wafers, a production yield is determined and yield statistics are collected 640 and stored. From the measured 630 hot spot locations provided by the engine 610, a yield correlation is determined. Yield analysis is then performed on using the calculated yield from the inspection list and the actual yield statistics collected. Whether or not the calculated yield is acceptable is determined in 650. If the two yields are different, then the cross domain correlation engine is tuned to produce a better inspection list 660. In one embodiment, the tuning is substantially similar to the tuning of the cross domain correlation engines described above. In another embodiment, weighting parameters are adjusted such that the hot spot locations and yield matches. This information is feedback to other portions of the design for manufacturing process flow for future runs. Ultimately, the two yields should converge and an optimized inspection list can be produced 670 where the cross domain correlation engine correctly anticipated the location of the hotspot and the yield statistics. If there is no convergence, then the models will have to be updated 680 such that future yield calculations will converge. In an embodiment, process engineers revalidate their process by including some designs that did not converge in the above flow. Therefore, inspection optimization 150 determines correlated hot spots from multiple design domains and provides the most probable spots of systematic defects. This optimization block provides manufacturing with design based inline inspection points. It cross-correlates hotspots from different design based analysis tools (i.e., Cross Domain Correlation) including physical and electrical domains. The self-tuning of the correlation engine 660 is specific to the particular manufacturing fabrication line to increase the resulting yield. Inspection optimization 150 also provides manufacturing feedback to the design portion of the process, thus allowing adjusting and improving of the design rules. As a result, inspection optimization 150 is a basis for the potential development of manufacturing aware design. The physical and electrical effects are performed as described above. Initially multiple process models are used for simulation of the current layout 710. Process simulation 720 is performed to determine the possible critical areas determined by the physical layout 725. Parametric simulation 730 is performed to determine the possible critical areas determined by the electrical characteristics 735. The physical hot spots and electrical hot spots are transmitted to the manufacturing scoring 740. A previous layout design that has already been fabricated at the manufacturer 750.is also simulated for hot spots. A process simulation 760 and parametric simulation 770 are performed on the manufactured layout to determine all the hot spots found during simulation 780. Because the layout has already been fabricated, the actual hot spots are already known 785. The actual hot spot location information is provided and compared with the location information of the simulated hot spots. The weighting parameter is tuned to adjust the locations of hot spots 790 such that the locations of simulated hot spots are substantially similar to the locations of hot spots determined from the actual manufacturing data 785. Once the proper weighting parameters to locate the actual hot spots using the simulations are determined, those weighting values are transmitted to the filter engine 795. The filter engine 795 now has the weighting information to predict the locations of the actual hot spots similar to the filter engines 395, 595 described above. The weighting parameters from the filter engine 795 is provided to the manufacturing scoring engine 740. The physical and electrical hot spots information from the simulations and the manufacturing data are also provided to the manufacturer scoring engine. Using the weighting parameters and the manufacturing data from the manufacturer with the simulated functional and parametric effects information, an inspection optimized prioritized list of hot spot locations is determined for the current layout 710. According to one embodiment of the invention, computer system 1400 performs specific operations by processor 1407 executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in system memory 1408. Such instructions may be read into system memory 1408 from another computer readable/usable medium, such as static storage device 1409 or disk drive 1410. In alternative embodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement the invention. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and/or software. In one embodiment, the term �logic� shall mean any combination of software or hardware that is used to implement all or part of the invention. The term �computer readable medium� or �computer usable medium� as used herein refers to any medium that participates in providing instructions to processor 1407 for execution. Such a medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media and volatile media. Non-volatile media includes, for example, optical or magnetic disks, such as disk drive 1410. Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as system memory 1408. Common forms of computer readable media includes, for example, floppy disk, flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, CD-ROM, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, RAM, PROM, EPROM, FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, or any other medium from which a computer can read. In an embodiment of the invention, execution of the sequences of instructions to practice the invention is performed by a single computer system 1400. According to other embodiments of the invention, two or more computer systems 1400 coupled by communication link 1415 (e.g., LAN, PTSN, or wireless network) may perform the sequence of instructions required to practice the invention in coordination with one another. Computer system 1400 may transmit and receive messages, data, and instructions, including program, i.e., application code, through communication link 1415 and communication interface 1414. Received program code may be executed by processor 1407 as it is received, and/or stored in disk drive 1410, or other non-volatile storage for later execution. In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the above-described process flows are described with reference to a particular ordering of process actions. However, the ordering of many of the described process actions may be changed without affecting the scope or operation of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. The different aspect of the optimization processes disclosed in co-pending Atty. Docket No. CA7053202001, U.S. application Ser. No. ______, Atty. Docket No. CA7053212001, U.S. application Ser. No. ______, Atty. Docket No. CA7053232001, U.S. appliation Ser. No. ______, all filed concurrently, which are all incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. These and other embodiments of the present invention may be realized in accordance with the above teachings and it should be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to the above described embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense and the invention measured only in terms of the claims. Referenced by
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Cervical Radiculopathy
Nerves that travel out to the arms, shoulder and hands first pass through the cervical spine. The cervical spine is a group of vertebrae located on the neck. These are smaller, more delicate vertebrae than the ones lower in the spine.
These nerves supply electrical signals and sensation. When a nerve becomes pinched in the cervical spine either by a bone spur or an intervertebral disc, problems develop in the nerve and it no longer functions properly. This condition is called cervical radiculopathy.
Common symptoms of cervical radiculopathy are weakness, numbness, and pain. Although the source of the problem is located in the neck, the symptoms of the condition will be found towards the arm where the nerve reaches. The reflexes also may be affected.
Another symptom of cervical radiculopathy is occipital headaches (headaches which originate in the back of the head and neck which is called the "occiput"). An MRI may be required to expose any irregular soft tissue areas around the spine. An MRI is also useful in showing the nerves, discs, and bones of the spine.
Treatment for cervical radiculopathy may include physical therapy consisting of gentle exercises to reduce pain. If traditional therapy fails to relieve the pain, surgery may be required to relieve the pressure. A combination of pain medications may also be necessary in treating cervical radiculopathy.
Cervical radiculopathy refers to nerve impingement that occurs in the neck, or cervical region. The impingement can occur for a number of reasons, such as disc degeneration, disc herniation, bone spurs, and trauma.
Treatment of cervical radiculopathy is generally conservative, using methods such as medication, physical therapy, and immobilization to decrease pain. In extreme cases, surgery may be necessary to remove bone spurs, parts of the disc, or to free impinged nerves. Spinal fusion can be performed for this condition, but it is commonly avoided due to the lack of mobility it creates in the cervical region.
At BASIC Spine, we are often called upon to treat cases of neck pain, and a great majority of those cases arise from cervical radiculopathy.
We have the professionals on hand to treat the condition conservatively with measures such as pain medication and physical therapy. However, we also have spinal surgeons in our practice that can perform the delicate surgeries that are indicated for this condition.
Cervical radiculopathy can be caused by anything that impinges on the nerves that run close to the spine in the neck. Disc herniation is a common cause of radiculopathy because it involves the disc protruding and pushing against nerves.
Spinal stenosis is another common cause due to narrowing of the spinal canal and pressing on the spinal cord. You can also have radiculopathy due to trauma, such as a broken vertebrae or torn nerves.
One of the most common and pervasive causes of radiculopathy is the degeneration of age. As you age, the discs lose water, and this causes them to lose height. When they lose height, the vertebrae can compress nerves that come off the spinal cord. In addition, the wear and tear on the joints can cause the body to interpret the area as a weakness. In response, it forms bone tissue along the edge of the vertebra to build it up, but these outcroppings, or bone spurs, can impinge on nerves themselves.
This condition usually causes pain in the arm and hand on the affected side, and the pain is generally described as sharp. In fact, you may have other sensations in your arms and neck besides pain.
You may feel pins and needles, tingling, or complete numbness, depending on the severity of the radiculopathy. Some patients experience an electric shock pain or a pain that shoots down the arm.
You may have trouble using your arm and hand, as well. If one of the motor nerves is impinged, you may experience weakness in your hand and difficulty extending the arm. One of the subtle symptoms of radiculopathy is pain upon particular movements.
For instance, turning your neck a certain way or extending your arm can cause the pain of the radiculopathy. This may indicate a partial impingement of the nerve, and it is significant in treatment.
Treatment for cervical radiculopathy is usually conservative because surgery can be difficult and unsuccessful. Physical therapy is an important component in recovery from this condition because it will allow the muscles of the neck the ability to support the diseased discs.
In addition, soft immobilization collars may provide much needed rest for the muscles and ligaments of the neck. Medication and injections are important, as well. Medications from NSAIDs to narcotics are often helpful in controlling pain.
Injections insert pain medication directly into the area of the radiculopathy, and they are gaining more usage as research proves them effective.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion removes the diseased disc and grafts a bone on the two adjacent vertebrae to reduce movement and pain. The graft is usually taken from the top of the pelvis, and sometimes screws and pins are used along the anterior portion of the cervical spine to provide stability. In posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy, the spine is approached from the back and only parts of the diseased disc are removed.
This avoids the immobilization of a spinal fusion, but this procedure is not recommended for all patients. Finally, artificial disc replacement is a newer procedure for cervical radiculopathy, and more research is needed before it becomes a common surgery.
At BASIC Spine, we know that neck pain can come in a variety of symptom spectrums. We have the expertise to properly diagnose your condition and recommend the most efficient treatments.
Our philosophy centers around using the least invasive methods first, and we have the medical professionals to assist you with physical therapy, chiropractic, and pain medications.
- Back Pain
- Brachial Plexus Injuries
- Cervical Radiculopathy
- Lumbar Radiculopathy
- Compression Fractures
- Degenerative Disc Disease (Cervical and Lumbar)
- Facet Joint Syndrome
- Failed Back or Neck Syndrome
- Herniated Disc
- Kyphosis
- Lower Back Pain
- Nerve Impingement
- Sciatica
- Scoliosis
- Spinal Infection
- Spinal Canal Stenosis (Cervical and Lumbar)
- Spinal Cord Compression
- Spina Bifida
- Spondylolisthesis
- Cervical Neck Pain
- Lumbar Back Pain
- Lumbar Disc Herniation
- Other Ultra-Invasive Styles
- Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)
- Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF)
- Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF)
- Artificial Disc Replacement
- Endoscopic Spine Surgery
- Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy
- Micro Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
- Micro Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy
- Kyphoplasty
- Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion (XLIF®)
- Interlaminar Lumbar Instrumented Fusion (ILIF™)
- Facet Joint Injections
- Pain Pumps
- Spinal Cord Implants
- MILD Procedure (Minimally Invasive Lumbar Decompression)
- Ultra Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Spinal Surgery
- Vertebroplasty
- Arthritis
- Compression Fracture (Cervical/Thoracic/Lumbar)
- Fibromyalgia
- Headaches (Migraines, Tension, Cluster)
- Heel Spur
- Medial Lateral Epicondylitis
- Myofacial Pain Syndrome
- Occipital Neuralgia
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Plantar Fasciitis
- Postherpetic Neuralgia
- Sacroiliac Joint Disease
- Slipped Rib Syndrome
- Shoulder/Hip/Knee/Ankle/Wrist pain
- Tendonitis
- Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Major Depression
- Bipolar Disorder
- Anxiety Disorders (Phobias, Generalized Anxiety, OCD, PTSD)
- Adjustment Disorders
- Personality Disorder Assessment


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I figured I'd try something new since I can't revert to my old self anyway.
I like baking, judging, and spending time outside when David Bowie graces us with the sun.
My hands are always cold and I think my lips are too reliant on chapstick, so beware, boys. Hope you like cherry.
That's it for now.
What's shakin', shake n bake?
Show me something cool.
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It's very difficult to effectively manage responsibilities if you have neither the authority over nor access to the required skills, networks, resources, or decision-making power needed to complete critical tasks. Yet, that is the situation women in Tanzania's agricultural sector face. According to research from the World Bank, women form the majority of Tanzania's agriculture […]
Tag archives for Agriculture
Webinar to Highlight How Extension, Technology, and Behavior Change Combine to Improve Agriculture and Nutrition
This blog post is by John Nicholson, SPRING Knowledge Management Manager, JSI Research and Training Institute, and Kristina Beall, SPRING SBCC Project Officer, The Manoff Group. SPRING is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and helps to strengthen country efforts to scale up high-impact nutrition practices and policies. Leveraging the power […]
Building the Foundation for a Two-State Solution
Cash-for-Work Builds Livelihoods
Farmer Field Schools: A Safe Place to Discuss Gender-Based Violence
Growing More Food With Less Water
Pounds of Prevention – Focus on Namibia
The next installment in the USAID Pounds of Prevention series (PDF) takes us to Namibia. Read more >>
Empowering Women to Address Climate Change
Women often lead the way in adapting to climate change impacts. Read more >>
Reclaiming Refuse to Help Generate Reliable Power
Energy and agriculture are closely linked: reliable access to affordable power is a key component to developing a country's agriculture sector Read more >>
Liberian Radio Offers Creative Solutions to Rural Problems
In rural Liberia, community radio stations are quickly becoming the simplest way to relay information to isolated communities. Read more >>


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Images: Lonny August 2012 issue
Finally had a chance to flip through the August edition of Lonny magazine. I came across this lovely Dorothy Draper inspired outdoor dinner party by Lauren McGrath of Good Bones, Great Pieces.
Ah, my dream outdoor party right here! Loving the black and white striped pavilion from Z Gallerie and how beautiful is Lauren's home?
Source: snippetsandsprig
click here for more boho! i always follow back! :)
Looks refreshing!
Source: changemycolor
I love the pop of aqua in this room and its beachy vibe. I wouldn't mind kicking off my shoes and relaxing in this space!
(via howlovelyalife)
Source: fime


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Description: | Your shop does the coolest nail makeovers in town. Today you have a special client that will be on TV showing off her new fashion accessories. Help this special client get the makeover for her nails she deserves. Take your time so you do an excellent job. |
How to Play: | Use your mouse to interact. |
Rate This Game: | |
Categories: | Nail Games, Makeover Games |
Tags: | cool, nail, girl, play, girly, fun, makeover |
Plays: | 7,298 players |
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Select () or exclude () categories to narrow your recipe search.
As you select categories, the number of matching recipes will update.
Find exactly what you're looking for with the web's most powerful recipe filtering tool.
1-12 of 15,597 sorted by
"These are absolutely the chewiest, moistest, fudgiest brownies ever! I have tried adding so many different things to the batter, and they ALWAYS comes out great. They are also great without ANY add-ins! BUT by varying the add-ins, you can make different brownies every week (or day!!) SUPER EASY PREP! So, add "whatever floats your boat" and..."
Ingredients: chocolate chips, eggs...
Prep Time: 10 mins
Total Time: 35 mins
"We have a Japanese girl, Tomoko, living with us, and tonight she and I cooked a Japanese dinner for us and her friends. She phoned her mum,Toshiko, in Japan for this, as it's her favourite recipe, and I wanted to share it here. It's simple and so good, and Tomoko, who is only 16, did such a good job of cooking this, then translating the recipe..."
Ingredients: garlic cloves, soy sauce...
Prep Time: 5 mins
Total Time: 45 mins
"I've tried many recipes, this is the best. I once 'dec-tupled' (10x) this recipe to sell sandwiches at a craft fair at my church. People were waiting in line to buy leftovers. Freezes well, goes up to the lake or camping well and is a hit on Halloween...it's no-fail. Easy to double, triple, etc. I've been making Joes this way for..."
Ingredients: dry mustard, ketchup, onions...
Prep Time: 15 mins
Total Time: 45 mins
"To me Fannie Farmer's recipe is the only "real" Macaroni & Cheese. It's from my 1946 edition of "Fannie Farmer's Boston Cooking School Cookbook". With time on it's side - this recipe is hands down the best for traditional, homemade baked macaroni & cheese - comfort food.
Please Note: If you use..."
Ingredients: cream, fresh ground black pepper...
Prep Time: 20 mins
Total Time: 40 mins
By Karen=^..^= on September 29, 2004
Recipe #29679
"These bars are EXTREMELY RICH and not for people with a fear of CHOCOLATE and PEANUT BUTTER (if those people actually exist)!!! Very easy no bake 5 ingredient recipe!"
Ingredients: confectioners' sugar, milk chocolate chips...
Prep Time: 15 mins
Total Time: 15 mins
"Here's a great scalloped potato recipe that's so easy and absolutely delicious. The leftovers are just as good, maybe even better, the next day. This is one of my favorite and most prepared recipes, from my 1971 Florence Junior Welfare League cookbook."
Ingredients: milk, paprika, potatoes...
Prep Time: 15 mins
Total Time: 1 hrs 15 mins
"This copycat recipe is as good as the original! I originally got this from a recipe adapted from Todd Wilbur's on (and modified it again until I thought I had it right) www.TopSecretRecipes.com"
Ingredients: cornstarch, dark brown sugar...
Prep Time: 10 mins
Total Time: 30 mins
"This is the best Alfredo sauce ever. This is several recipes combined into one. You can also add your choice of meat (chicken, shrimp or even crab). The closest OLIVE GARDEN is an hour away and I will never drive that far again just for Alfredo sauce. I promise this is the best sauce ever. Definitely a dish you would want to impress your guest with."
Ingredients: angel hair pasta, heavy cream...
Prep Time: 5 mins
Total Time: 25 mins
"After not being able to find restaurant ribs that satified my hot sweet appetite, I carefully attempted various combinations of flavors until I found one that I and my family thought was perfect. Hope you enjoy them too."
Ingredients: fresh ground pepper, dark brown sugar...
Prep Time: 10 mins
Total Time: 1 hrs 10 mins
"I almost didn't want to share this ribs recipe because this is one of the dishes that I make that keep my sons coming back home! These can be done with baby back or regular pork ribs. I have also made split chickens this way. The ribs are tender, moist and just slide off of the bone. I know that your family will love them just as much as my family..."
Ingredients: hickory smoke salt, pork ribs...
Prep Time: 15 mins
Total Time: 3 hrs 15 mins


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Definition of re-embark in English:
Line breaks: re-embarkPronunciation: /riːɪmˈbɑːk
- Go on board ship again: the attack occurred the day after the French re-embarkedMore example sentences
- Tomochichi and other Indian Chiefs re-embarked on board the Prince of Wales, commanded by Capt. George Dunbar, who was bound for Georgia with a Transport of Salzburghers and German Protestant Refugees.
- As soon as the ship started to float again we re-embarked and with night starting to fall we moored alongside a ship ready to embark lorries to be landed in the early hours of the next day.
- The Japanese fought bravely but were eventually forced to withdraw, and only 1,200 survived to start re-embarking on 4 September.


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Owatonna Fire Department News
Change Your Clock Change Your Battery - March 8-9, 2014
Owatonna Fire Department, along with Energizer, reminds everyone that this weekend, March 8-9, when you change your clocks, make sure you check your smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms. Change the batteries in those alarms and replace those that need to be. (Smoke alarms should be replaced every 8-10 years, replace carbon monoxide alarms every 5-7 years.)


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Occidental College
Northeast LA Regional History
Oxy and its local communities
Occidental has a commitment to document the history of our local communities. Through our partnerships with community organizations in Eagle Rock, Highland Park, and Boyle Heights, we are discovering ways to get residents and Oxy students to explore history, what it means to be a community, and why being part of one is important in building identity.
Projects in development are the preservation and digitization of old community newspapers from Eagle Rock and Highland Park, using HistoryPin to share photos and stories about the neighborhoods, and using the Internet Archive's Archive-it service to capture and archive websites of official government organizations, historical societies, neighborhood councils, and individual blogs.
Please refer to our Libguide for a list of the websites Oxy is preserving or contact us for more information.
In Spring 2013, we embarked on a pilot project, funded by The John Randolph and Dora Haynes Foundation, to preserve and digitize Northeast Los Angeles community newspapers. We will be working in collaboration with the Eagle Rock Valley Historical Society and the Highland Park Heritage Trust to make these newspapers more accessible and to increase awareness of the history of this culturally and socially diverse region. Follow the progress of this project at our blog and learn more about accessing community newspapers at our new portal.


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Peugeot Air Intakes
Peugeot Air Intakes enhance your performance by letting your engine breathe more cool oxygen. Peugeot Air Intakes are simple to install due to their vehicle-specific designs. Our Peugeot Air Intake accessories such as MAF sensors and throttle body spacers let you greatly maximize your performance. To buy the highest performing brands in Peugeot Air Intakes, look no further than AutoAccessoriesGarage.com.
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At AAG, Peugeot Cold Air Intakes are easy to buy. When you use our make/model picker we will only let you choose the Peugeot Air Intake Systems that fit your ride. Better yet, each Peugeot Air Intake always ships completely free. All together, that is what makes AAG your #1 choice for Cool Air Intakes.
More Popular Peugeot Accessories: Peugeot Car Covers, Peugeot Floor Mats, Peugeot Brakes, Peugeot All Weather Floor Mats & Peugeot Exhaust.


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Master Lee visited the Children's Hospital of Orange County to present the donation from the latest Healthkick. He also had the honor of seeing the Talium plaque that hangs in Radiology. Great job Talium Tae Kwon Do!
Serving the Orange County area of Southern California, Master Lee's Talium is the leading provider of traditional and quality taekwondo instruction.
Welcome! Learn more about the various programs that Master Lee's Talium has to offer.
We look forward to seeing you in class!
Family - Spend quality family time together learning new skills and keeping fit as a team.
PeeWee – Our youngest students get extra special attention for learning the basics. Fun, positive and rewarding.
Children - Focus, confidence, respect and self control in a fun, positive, active and rewarding environment.
Teens – Talium's teens quickly become friends, with focus on developing the whole individual through fitness and attitude.
Adult - Improve your physical fitness, strength, and releave stress in a positive and supportive class.
Sparring – Learn how to apply competition sparring skills in a safe, controlled and informative class.
Talium's Mission
- Guide students of all ages to reach their goals and their maximum potential, enhancing the quality of each individual's life.
- Foster individual internalization of Taekwondo achieving equilibrium and making it possible for everyone to experience physical, mental and spiritual harmony.
- Encourage students to channel the positive outcome of accomplished goals and internal balance into the community.