text:
17 hrs ago | Patch.com
The City Council steamrolled us again a few weeks ago by voting for an 8 year contract with CR&R that is going to hike our rates without letting us even discuss it.
Trending on the Topix Network
Saturday | Farmington Daily Times
COLUMN Watch out ladies! Third-wave masculinity is coming and it's going to rock your world
I have often stated my contention that there is absolutely nothing wrong with the institution of marriage, but there is plenty wrong with how we have put it into practice.
Winery & Tasting Room Now Open in Lake Forest
Award winning Frisby Cellars Winery opens an Urban Winery and Tasting Room in Lake Forest.
Business news: E-waste and e-End
Traci Phillips of Tulsa, Okla., is in the business of recycling old cellphones, discarded laptops and other electronic waste, a fast-growing environmental problem.
Man killed running across I-405 identified
IRVINE A man hit and killed while running across the 405 Monday night has been identified as a 52-year-old resident of Lake Forest, authorities said.
Trash Talkin' Part 2 - The 3 Rs
Yesterday we discussed the big changes coming to the rates for trash hauling in the commercial and multi-family areas, and we identified a flawed RFP as the proximal cause of why the City received only 2 bids to provide services.
New 6-11 Dental Studio Vice-President Prepares for Industry Transformation
Two months ago, 6-11 Dental Studio, a premier dental lab based out of Lake Forest, CA, welcomed experienced Operations Management professional, Marc Shapiro to the staff to provide better support for their business processes and enhance the customer experience for their clients.
The End of Guacamole as We Know It?
California farmers - and consumers - have been feeling the state drought's impact on avocados in both size and price , and now a national Mexican restaurant chain is telling investors the guac may have to go.
Gettin' Satisfaction in Lake Forest - Part 3
Previously we looked at resident ratings of quality of life and whether or not they wanted to change anything.
Gettin' Satisfaction in Lake Forest - Part 2
Yesterday we brought up the subject of the city's biennial Satisfaction survey and we saw that while Lake Forest got a good report, it looks like many other cities get a good report, and it also looks like the language being used is better described as hyperbole rather than research results.
Lake Forest Man Gets Life for Killing Laguna Beach Resident
By PAUL ANDERSON City News Service A 23-year-old man was sentenced today to life in prison without the possibility of parole for robbing and killing a Laguna Beach resident in his home in 2009.
Experience Democracy in Action!- Margot Ferron
On Sat. Feb. 22, 2014 State Senator Mimi Walters welcomed the community to her Campaign Headquarters grand opening at 23615 El Toro Rd., Suite U, Lake Forest, CA 92630 .
Lake Forest Woman who Allegedly Bilked County out of $150K at Large
The Orange County District Attorney's office is on the hunt for a Lake Forest woman accused of defrauding her employer, the Orange County Social Services Agency , out of $150,000.
Excitement Builds for 'Son of God' Movie
"Son of God," the movie premiering nationwide on Friday "has a lot of love for Jesus and it's going to get people to open up their hearts and minds to who Jesus is," said Dr. Ted Baehr, chairman of the Christian Film and Television Commission.
County worker suspected of stealing $150,000
An Orange County Social Services Agency employee suspected of stealing $150,000 from the county by falsely claiming to be a caretaker for her parents was arrested Wednesday, authorities said.
Crimes reported in your Lake Forest neighborhoods
Assist outside agency. 7:43 a.m. Pittsford and Lake Forest Drive. The caller reported a 12-year-old boy who fell off his bike.
Laboratories often experience the same problems on a daily basis, but rather than grumble about them, Mike Hill, President of 6-11 Dental Studio, Inc., Lake Forest, CA, decided to take a humorous approach.
Rick Warren takes on mental health care as personal mission after son's suicide
Ever wonder what it takes to create a collection of couture wedding gowns? Get all the dainty details as we follow Vancouver designer Jason Matlo from first sketch to final fitting in a new four-part video series.
Rick Warren acts on mental health in son's death
Asiana Airlines has been penalized $500,000 for failing to assist family members of passengers on a flight that crashed last year at San Francisco airport, federal transportation officials said Tuesday.
Suspected DUI Driver Goes on Accident Spree in Lake Forest
A driver suspected of DUI went on an accident spree around 2 p.m. today through the streets of Lake Forest, ultimately involving eight vehicles, but luckily, victims only sustained minor injuries.


text: Ice Cream By Bethany Lee February 24, 2011 12:05 PM Share on Facebook Share on Twitter (Photo by Sandra Mu/Getty Images) Category: Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! More From 92.9 NIN Lego Heart Friendship Necklace – The Perfect Gift For the Lego Lover in Your Life 'Wake Up and Smell the Bacon' — Awake to a Delicious Smell With Oscar Mayer's App You May Bawl After Watching Chevy's Emotional Dog Commercial These Cats Burying Their Faces in Their Paws Just Want Some Time Alone Best of the Web ZergNet

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Martin Scorsese
Queens, NYhometown
- Soundtracks/Musicalsgenre
- 1963started
- Biofull story
Martin Charles Scorsese (/skɔrˈsɛzi/; born November 17, 1942) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film historian. He is widely regarded as as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers in cinema history. In 1990 he founded The Film Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation. He is a recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award for his contributions to the cinema, and has won an Academy Award, a Palme d'Or, Cannes Film Festival Best Director Award, Silver Lion, Grammy Award, Emmys, Golden Globes, BAFTAs, and DGA Awards.
Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Italian American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption,machismo, modern crime and gang conflict. Many of his films are also notable for their depiction of violence and liberal use of profanity. Scorsese has directed landmark films such as Mean Streets (1973), Taxi Driver (1976), Raging Bull (1980), and Goodfellas (1990) - all of which he collaborated on with actor and close friend Robert De Niro. He won the Academy Award for Best Director for The Departed (2006). With eight Best Director nominations to date, he is tied with Billy Wilder. Since Gangs of New York (2002), Scorsese has also been noted for his collaborations with actor Leonardo DiCaprio.
Early life:
Martin Scorsese was born November 17, 1942 and raised in Queens, New York and his family moved to the Little Italy section of Manhattan before he started school. His father, Charles Scorsese (1913-1993), and mother, Catherine Scorsese (born Cappa; 1912-1997), both worked in New York's Garment District. His father was a clothes presser and an actor, and his mother was a seamstress and an actress. His father's parents emigrated from Polizzi Generosa, in the province of Palermo, Sicily, and his mother was also of Italian descent. Her parents were from Palermo. Scorsese was raised in a devoutly Catholic environment. As a boy, he had asthma and could not play sports or do any activities with other children and so his parents and his older brother would often take him to movie theaters; it was at this stage in his life that he developed passion for cinema. Scorsese has cited Sabu and Victor Mature as his favourite actors during his youth and has spoken of the influence of the 1947 Powell-Pressburger film Black Narcissus, whose innovative techniques later impacted his filmmaking. Enamored of historical epics in his adolescence, at least two films of the genre, Land of the Pharaohs and El Cid, appear to have had a deep and lasting impact on his cinematic psyche. Scorsese also developed an admiration for neo-realist cinema at this time. He recounted its influence in a documentary on Italian neorealism, and commented on how Bicycle Thieves alongside Paisà, Rome, Open City inspired him and how this influenced his view or portrayal of his Sicilian roots. In his documentary, Il Mio Viaggio in Italia, Scorsese noted that the Sicilian episode of Roberto Rossellini's Paisà which he first saw on television alongside his relatives, who were themselves Sicilian immigrants, made a significant impact on his life. He acknowledges owing a great debt to the French New Wave and has stated that "the French New Wave has influenced all filmmakers who have worked since, whether they saw the films or not." He has also cited filmmakers like Satyajit Ray, Ingmar Bergman, Michelangelo Antonioni, Federico Fellini as a major influence on his career. His initial desire to become a priest while attending Cardinal Hayes High School in the Bronx gave way to cinema and consequently, Scorsese enrolled in NYU's University College of Arts and Science, (now known as the College of Arts and Science), where he earned a B.A. in English in 1964. He went on to earn his M.F.A. from NYU's School of the Arts (now known as the Tisch School of the Arts) in 1966, a year after the school was founded.
Early career:
Scorsese attended New York University's film school (B.A., English, 1964; M.F.A., film, 1966) making the short films What's a Nice Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This? (1963) and It's Not Just You, Murray! (1964). His most famous short of the period is the darkly comic The Big Shave (1967), which features Peter Bernuth. The film is an indictment of America's involvement in Vietnam, suggested by its alternative title Viet '67. Scorsese has mentioned on several occasions that he was greatly inspired in his early days at New York University by his Armenian-American film professor Haig P. Manoogian.
In 1967, Scorsese made his first feature-length film, the black and white I Call First, which was later retitled Who's That Knocking at My Door with his fellow students actor Harvey Keitel and editor Thelma Schoonmaker, both of whom were to become long-term collaborators. This film was intended to be the first of Scorsese's semi-autobiographical 'J.R. Trilogy', which also would have included his later film, Mean Streets.
Scorsese became friends with the influential "movie brats" of the 1970s: Francis Ford Coppola, Brian De Palma, George Lucas and Steven Spielberg. It was Brian De Palma who introduced Scorsese to Robert De Niro. During this period he worked as the assistant director and one of the editors on the documentary Woodstock (1970) and met actor-director John Cassavetes, who would also go on to become a close friend and mentor. Scorsese is also credited as one of the cameramen who photographed the infamous late-1969 Altamont rock festival for the Rolling Stones film Gimme Shelter (1970).
Mean Streets:
In 1972 Scorsese made the Depression-era exploiter Boxcar Bertha for B-movie producer Roger Corman, who also helped directors such as Francis Ford Coppola, James Cameron, and John Sayles launch their careers. It was Corman who taught Scorsese that entertaining films could be shot with next to no money or time, preparing the young director well for the challenges to come with Mean Streets. Following the film's release, Cassavetes encouraged Scorsese to make the films that he wanted to make rather than someone else's projects.
Championed by influential movie critic Pauline Kael, Mean Streets was a breakthrough for Scorsese, De Niro, and Keitel. By now the signature Scorsese style was in place: macho posturing, bloody violence, Catholic guilt and redemption, gritty New York locale (though the majority of Mean Streets was actually shot in Los Angeles), rapid-fire editing and a soundtrack with contemporary music. Although the film was innovative, its wired atmosphere, edgy documentary style and gritty street-level direction owed a debt to directors Cassavetes, Samuel Fuller and early Jean-Luc Godard. (Indeed the film was completed with much encouragement from Cassavetes, who felt Boxcar Bertha was undeserving of the young director's prodigious talent.)
In 1974, actress Ellen Burstyn chose Scorsese to direct her in Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, for which she won an Academy Award for Best Actress. Although well regarded, the film remains an anomaly in the director's early career as it focuses on a central female character. Returning to Little Italy to explore his ethnic roots, Scorsese next came up with Italianamerican, a documentary featuring his parents Charles and Catherine Scorsese.
Taxi Driver:
Taxi Driver followed in 1976 - Scorsese's dark, urban nightmare of one lonely man's slow descent into insanity.
The film established Scorsese as an accomplished filmmaker and also brought attention to cinematographer Michael Chapman, whose style tends towards high contrasts, strong colors and complex camera movements. The film starred Robert De Niro as the troubled and psychotic Travis Bickle. The film co-starred Jodie Foster in a highly controversial role as an underage prostitute, and Harvey Keitel as her pimp, Matthew, called "Sport."
Taxi Driver also marked the start of a series of collaborations between Scorsese and writer Paul Schrader, whose influences included the diary of would-be assassin Arthur Bremer and Pickpocket, a film by the French director Robert Bresson. Writer/director Schrader often returns to Bresson's work in films such as American Gigolo, Light Sleeper, and Scorsese's later Bringing Out the Dead.
Already controversial upon its release, Taxi Driver hit the headlines again five years later, when John Hinckley, Jr. made an assassination attempt on then-President Ronald Reagan. He subsequently blamed his act on his obsession with Jodie Foster's Taxi Driver character (in the film, De Niro's character, Travis Bickle, makes an assassination attempt on a senator).
Taxi Driver won the Palme d'Or at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival, also receiving four Oscar nominations, including Best Picture, although all were unsuccessful.
Scorsese was subsequently offered the role of Charles Manson in the movie Helter Skelter and a part in Sam Fuller's war movie The Big Red One, but he turned both down. However he did accept the role of a gangster in exploitation movie Cannonball directed by Paul Bartel. In this period there were also several directorial projects that never got off the ground including Haunted Summer, about Mary Shelley and a film with Marlon Brando about the Indian massacre at Wounded Knee.
New York, New York and The Last Waltz:
The critical success of Taxi Driver encouraged Scorsese to move ahead with his first big-budget project: the highly stylized musical New York, New York. This tribute to Scorsese's home town and the classic Hollywood musical was a box-office failure.
New York, New York was the director's third collaboration with Robert De Niro, co-starring with Liza Minnelli. The film is best remembered today for the title theme song, which was popularized by Frank Sinatra. Although possessing Scorsese's usual visual panache and stylistic bravura, many critics felt its enclosed studio-bound atmosphere left it leaden in comparison to his earlier work.
Despite its weak reception, the film is positively regarded by some critics. Richard Brody in The New Yorker wrote: "For Scorsese, a lifelong cinephile, the essence of New York could be found in its depiction in classic Hollywood movies. Remarkably, his backward-looking tribute to the golden age of musicals and noirish romantic melodramas turned out to be one of his most freewheeling and personal films."
The disappointing reception that New York, New York received drove Scorsese into depression. By this stage the director had also developed a serious cocaine addiction. However, he did find the creative drive to make the highly regarded The Last Waltz, documenting the final concert by The Band. It was held at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, and featured one of the most extensive lineups of prominent guest performers at a single concert, including Bob Dylan, Neil Young, Ringo Starr, Muddy Waters, Joni Mitchell, Van Morrison, Paul Butterfield, Neil Diamond, Ronnie Wood, and Eric Clapton. However, Scorsese's commitments to other projects delayed the release of the film until 1978.
Another Scorsese-directed documentary entitled American Boy also appeared in 1978, focusing on Steven Prince, the cocky gun salesman who appeared in Taxi Driver. A period of wild partying followed, damaging the director's already fragile health.
Scorsese also helped provide footage for the documentary Elvis on Tour.
Raging Bull:
By several accounts (Scorsese's included), Robert De Niro practically saved Scorsese's life when he persuaded Scorsese to kick his cocaine addiction to make his highly regarded film, Raging Bull. Convinced that he would never make another movie, he poured his energies into making this violent biopic of middleweight boxing champion Jake LaMotta, calling it a Kamikaze method of film-making. The film is widely viewed as a masterpiece and was voted the greatest film of the 1980s by Britain's Sight & Sound magazine. It received eight Oscar nominations, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Robert De Niro, and Scorsese's first for Best Director. De Niro won, as did Thelma Schoonmaker for editing, but Best Director went to Robert Redford for Ordinary People.
Raging Bull, filmed in high contrast black and white, is where Scorsese's style reached its zenith: Taxi Driver and New York, New York had used elements of expressionism to replicate psychological points of view, but here the style was taken to new extremes, employing extensive slow-motion, complex tracking shots, and extravagant distortion of perspective (for example, the size of boxing rings would change from fight to fight). Thematically too, the concerns carried on from Mean Streets and Taxi Driver: insecure males, violence, guilt, and redemption.
Although the screenplay for Raging Bull was credited to Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin (who earlier co-wrote Mean Streets), the finished script differed extensively from Schrader's original draft. It was re-written several times by various writers including Jay Cocks (who went on to co-script later Scorsese films The Age of Innocence and Gangs of New York). The final draft was largely written by Scorsese and Robert De Niro.
The American Film Institute chose Raging Bull as the #1 American sports film on their list of the top 10 sports films. In 1997, the Institute ranked Raging Bull as the 24th greatest film of all time on their AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list. In 2007, they ranked Raging Bull as the 4th greatest film of all time on their AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) list.
The King of Comedy:
Scorsese's next project was his fifth collaboration with Robert De Niro, The King of Comedy (1983). A satire on the world of media and celebrity, it was an obvious departure from the more emotionally committed films he had become associated with. Visually, it was far less kinetic than the style Scorsese had developed up until this point, often using a static camera and long takes. The expressionism of his recent work here gave way to moments of almost total surrealism. It still bore many of Scorsese's trademarks, however, such as its focus on a troubled loner who ironically becomes famous through a criminal act (murder and kidnapping, respectively).
The King of Comedy failed at the box office, but has become increasingly well regarded by critics in the years since its release. German director Wim Wenders numbered it among his 15 favourite films.
Next Scorsese made a brief cameo appearance in the movie Anna Pavlova (also known as A Woman for All Time), originally intended to be directed by one of his heroes, Michael Powell. This led to a more significant role in Bertrand Tavernier's jazz movie Round Midnight.
In 1983 Scorsese began work on a long-cherished personal project, The Last Temptation of Christ, based on the 1951 (English translation 1960) novel written by Nikos Kazantzakis, who was introduced to the director by actress Barbara Hershey when they were both attending New York University in the late 1960s. The movie was slated to shoot under the Paramount Pictures banner, but shortly before principal photography was to commence, Paramount pulled the plug on the project, citing pressure from religious groups. In this aborted 1983 version, Aidan Quinn was cast as Jesus, and Sting was cast as Pontius Pilate. (In the 1988 version, these roles were played respectively by Willem Dafoe and David Bowie.)
After Hours:
After the collapse of this project Scorsese again saw his career at a critical point, as he described in the documentary Filming for Your Life: Making 'After Hours' (2004). He saw that in the increasingly commercial world of 1980s Hollywood, the highly stylized and personal 1970s films he and others had built their careers on would not continue to enjoy the same status. Scorsese decided then on an almost totally new approach to his work. With After Hours (1985) he made an aesthetic shift back to a pared-down, almost "underground" film-making style - his way of staying viable. Filmed on an extremely low budget, on location, and at night in the SoHo neighborhood of Manhattan, the film is a black comedy about one increasingly misfortunate night for a mild New York word processor (Griffin Dunne) and featured cameos by such disparate actors as Teri Garr and Cheech and Chong. A bit of a stylistic anomaly for Scorsese, After Hours fits in well with popular low-budget "cult" films of the 1980s, e.g. Jonathan Demme's Something Wild and Alex Cox's Repo Man.
The Color of Money:
Along with the 1987 Michael Jackson music video "Bad", in 1986 Scorsese made The Color of Money, a sequel to the much admired Robert Rossen film The Hustler (1961) with Paul Newman which co-starred Tom Cruise. Although adhering to Scorcese's established style, The Color of Money was the director's first official foray into mainstream film-making. The film finally won actor Paul Newman an Oscar and gave Scorsese the clout to finally secure backing for a project that had been a longtime goal for him: The Last Temptation of Christ. He also made a brief venture into television, directing an episode of Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories.
The Last Temptation of Christ:
After his mid-1980s flirtation with commercial Hollywood, Scorsese made a major return to personal film-making with the Paul Schrader-scripted The Last Temptation of Christ in 1988. Based on Nikos Kazantzakis's controversial 1960 book, it retold the life of Christ in human rather than divine terms. Even prior to its release the film caused a massive furore, worldwide protests against its blasphemy effectively turning a low budget independent movie into a media sensation. Most controversy centered on the final passages of the film which depicted Christ marrying and raising a family with Mary Magdalene in a Satan-induced hallucination while on the cross.
Looking past the controversy, The Last Temptation of Christ gained critical acclaim and remains an important work in Scorsese's canon: an explicit attempt to wrestle with the spirituality which had under-pinned his films up until that point. The director went on to receive his second nomination for a Best Director Academy Award (again unsuccessfully, this time losing to Barry Levinson for Rain Man).
Along with directors Woody Allen and Francis Ford Coppola, in 1989 Scorsese provided one of three segments in the portmanteau film New York Stories, called "Life Lessons".
After a decade of mostly mixed results, gangster epic Goodfellas (1990) was a return to form for Scorsese and his most confident and fully realized film since Raging Bull. De Niro and Joe Pesci in Goodfellas offered a virtuoso display of the director's bravura cinematic technique and re-established, enhanced, and consolidated his reputation. After the film was released Roger Ebert, a friend and supporter of Scorsese, named Goodfellas "the best mob movie ever" and is ranked #1 on Roger's movie list for 1990, along with Gene Siskel and Peter Travers, the film is widely considered one of the director's greatest achievements.
However, Goodfellas also signified an important shift in tone in the director's work, inaugurating an era in his career which was technically accomplished but some have argued emotionally detached. Despite this, many view Goodfellas as a Scorsese archetype - the apogee of his cinematic technique.
The film was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, Scorsese earned his third Best Director nomination for Goodfellas but again lost to a first-time director, Kevin Costner (Dances with Wolves). Joe Pesci earned the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Goodfellas. Scorsese and the film won numerous awards, including five BAFTA Awards, a Silver Lion and more.
The American Film Institute put Goodfellas at #94 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list. On the 2007 updated version they moved Goodfellas up to #92 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list (10th Anniversary Edition) and they put Goodfellas at #2 on their list of the top 10 Gangster films (after The Godfather).
In 1990, Scorsese acted in a cameo role as Vincent van Gogh in the film Dreams by Japanese director Akira Kurosawa.
Cape Fear:
1991 brought Cape Fear, a remake of a cult 1962 movie of the same name, and the director's seventh collaboration with De Niro. Another foray into the mainstream, the film was a stylized thriller taking its cues heavily from Alfred Hitchcock and Charles Laughton's The Night of the Hunter (1955). Cape Fear received a mixed critical reception and was lambasted in many quarters for its scenes depicting misogynistic violence. However, the lurid subject matter did give Scorsese a chance to experiment with a dazzling array of visual tricks and effects. The film garnered two Oscar nominations. Earning eighty million dollars domestically, it would stand as Scorsese's most commercially successful release until The Aviator (2004), and then The Departed (2006). The film also marked the first time Scorsese used wide-screen Panavision with an aspect ratio of 2.35:1.
The Age of Innocence:
The Age of Innocence (1993) was a huge departure for Scorsese, a period adaptation of Edith Wharton's novel about the constrictive high society of late-19th century New York. It was highly lauded by critics upon original release, but was a box office bomb, making an overall loss. As noted in Scorsese on Scorsese by editor/interviewer Ian Christie, the news that Scorsese wanted to make a film about a failed 19th-century romance raised many eyebrows among the film fraternity; all the more when Scorsese made it clear that it was a personal project and not a studio for-hire job.
Scorsese was interested in doing a "romantic piece". His friend Jay Cocks gave him the Wharton novel in 1980, suggesting that this should be the romantic piece Scorsese should film as Cocks felt it best represented his sensibility. In Scorsese on Scorsese he noted that:
Although the film deals with New York aristocracy and a period of New York history that has been neglected, and although it deals with code and ritual, and with love that's not unrequited but unconsummated - which pretty much covers all the themes I usually deal with - when I read the book, I didn't say, "Oh good, all those themes are here."
Scorsese, who was strongly drawn to the characters and the story of Wharton's text, wanted his film to be as rich an emotional experience as the book was to him rather than the traditional academic adaptations of literary works. To this aim, Scorsese sought influence from diverse period films which made an emotional impact on him. In Scorsese on Scorsese, he documents influences from films such as Luchino Visconti's Senso and his Il Gattopardo as well as Orson Welles's The Magnificent Ambersons and also Roberto Rossellini's La prise de pouvoir par Louis XIV. Although The Age of Innocence was ultimately different than these films in terms of narrative, story and thematic concern, the presence of a lost society, of lost values as well as detailed re-creations of social customs and rituals continues the tradition of these films.
Recently, it has started to come back into the public eye, especially in countries such as the UK and France, but still is largely neglected in North America. The film earned five Academy Award nominations (including for Scorsese for Best Adapted Screenplay), winning the Costume Design Oscar. It also made a significant impact on directors such as Chinese auteur Tian Zhuangzhuang, and British filmmaker Terence Davies, both of whom ranked it among their ten favorite films.
This was his first collaboration with the Academy Award winning actor, Daniel Day-Lewis, with whom he would work again in Gangs of New York.
1995's expansive Casino, like The Age of Innocence before it, focused on a tightly wound male whose well-ordered life is disrupted by the arrival of unpredictable forces. The fact that it was a violent gangster film made it more palatable to fans of the director who perhaps were baffled by the apparent departure of the earlier film. Casino was a box office success, but the film received mixed notices from critics. In large part this was due to its huge stylistic similarities to his earlier Goodfellas, and its excessive violence that garnered it a reputation as possibly the most violent American gangster film ever made. Indeed many of the tropes and tricks of the earlier film resurfaced more or less intact, most obviously the casting of both Robert De Niro and Joe Pesci, Pesci once again being an unbridled psychopath. Sharon Stone was nominated for the Best Actress Academy Award for her performance.
During the filming Scorsese played a background part as a gambler at one of the tables.
A Personal Journey with Martin Scorsese Through American Movies:
Scorsese still found time for a four-hour documentary in 1995 offering a thorough trek through American cinema. It covered the silent era to 1969, a year after which Scorsese began his feature career, stating "I wouldn't feel right commenting on myself or my contemporaries." In the four-hour documentary, Scorsese lists the four aspects of the director he believes are the most important as; (1) the director as storyteller, (2) the director as an illusionist: D.W. Griffith or F. W. Murnau, who created new editing techniques among other innovations that made the appearance of sound and color possible later on, (3) the director as a smuggler - filmmakers such as Douglas Sirk, Samuel Fuller, and Vincente Minnelli, who used to hide subversive messages in their films and (4) the director as an iconoclast.
If The Age of Innocence alienated and confused some fans, then Kundun (1997) went several steps further, offering an account of the early life of Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, the People's Liberation Army's entering of Tibet, and the Dalai Lama's subsequent exile to India. Not least a departure in subject matter, Kundun also saw Scorsese employing a fresh narrative and visual approach. Traditional dramatic devices were substituted for a trance-like meditation achieved through an elaborate tableau of colourful visual images.
The film was a source of turmoil for its distributor, Disney, which was planning significant expansion into the Chinese market at the time. Initially defiant in the face of pressure from Chinese officials, Disney has since distanced itself from the project, hurting Kundun's commercial profile.
In the short term, the sheer eclecticism in evidence enhanced the director's reputation. In the long term however, it generally appears Kundun has been sidelined in most critical appraisals of the director, mostly noted as a stylistic and thematic detour. Kundun was the director's second attempt to profile the life of a great religious leader, following The Last Temptation of Christ.
Bringing Out the Dead:
Bringing Out the Dead (1999) was a return to familiar territory, with the director and writer Paul Schrader constructing a pitch-black comic take on their own earlier Taxi Driver. Like previous Scorsese-Schrader collaborations, its final scenes of spiritual redemption explicitly recalled the films of Robert Bresson. (It is also worth noting that the film's incident-filled nocturnal setting is reminiscent of After Hours.) It received generally positive reviews, although not the universal critical acclaim of some of his other films. It stars Nicolas Cage, Ving Rhames, John Goodman, Tom Sizemore, and Patricia Arquette.
Gangs of New York:
In 1999 Scorsese also produced a documentary on Italian filmmakers entitled Il Mio Viaggio in Italia, also known as My Voyage to Italy. The documentary foreshadowed the director's next project, the epic Gangs of New York (2002), influenced by (amongst many others) major Italian directors such as Luchino Visconti and filmed in its entirety at Rome's famous Cinecittà film studios.
With a production budget said to be in excess of $100 million, Gangs of New York was Scorsese's biggest and arguably most mainstream venture to date. Like The Age of Innocence, it was set in 19th-century New York, although focusing on the other end of the social scale (and like that film, also starring Daniel Day-Lewis). The film also marked the first collaboration between Scorsese and actor Leonardo DiCaprio, who since then has become a fixture in later Scorsese films.
The production was highly troubled with many rumors referring to the director's conflict with Miramax boss Harvey Weinstein. Despite denials of artistic compromise, Gangs of New York revealed itself to be the director's most conventional film: standard film tropes which the director had traditionally avoided, such as characters existing purely for exposition purposes and explanatory flashbacks, here surfaced in abundance. The original score composed by regular Scorsese collaborator Elmer Bernstein was rejected at a late stage for a score by Howard Shore and mainstream rock artists U2 and Peter Gabriel. The final cut of the movie ran to 168 minutes, while the director's original cut was over 180 minutes in length. The film still received generally positive reviews with the review tallying website Rotten Tomatoes reporting that 75% of the reviews they tallied for the film were positive and summarizing the critics by saying "Though flawed, the sprawling, messy Gangs of New York is redeemed by impressive production design and Day-Lewis's electrifying performance."
Nonetheless, the themes central to the film were consistent with the director's established concerns: New York, violence as culturally endemic, and sub-cultural divisions down ethnic lines.
Originally filmed for a release in the winter of 2001 (to qualify for Academy Award nominations), Scorsese delayed the final production of the film until after the beginning of 2002; the studio consequently delayed the film for nearly a year until its release in the Oscar season of late 2002.
Gangs of New York earned Scorsese his first Golden Globe for Best Director. In February 2003, Gangs of New York received 10 Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actor for Daniel Day-Lewis, however it did not win in any category.
Scorsese also had uncredited involvement as executive producer with the 2002 film Deuces Wild, written by Paul Kimatian.
The Blues:
The following year Scorsese completed production of The Blues, an expansive seven part documentary tracing the history of blues music from its African roots to the Mississippi Delta and beyond. Seven film-makers including Wim Wenders, Clint Eastwood, Mike Figgis, and Scorsese himself each contributed a 90-minute film (Scorsese's entry was entitled "Feel Like Going Home").
The Aviator:
Scorsese's film The Aviator (2004), is a lavish, large-scale biopic of eccentric aviation pioneer and film mogul Howard Hughes and reunited Scorsese with actor Leonardo DiCaprio. The film received highly positive reviews. The film also met with widespread box office success and gained Academy recognition.
The Aviator was nominated for six Golden Globe awards, including Best Motion Picture - Drama, Best Director, Best Screenplay, and Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama for Leonardo DiCaprio. It won three, including Best Motion Picture - Drama and Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama. In January 2005, The Aviator became the most-nominated film of the 77th Academy Awards nominations, nominated in 11 categories including Best Picture. The film also garnered nominations in nearly all of the other major categories, including a fifth Best Director nomination for Scorsese, Best Actor in a Leading Role (Leonardo DiCaprio), Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Cate Blanchett), and Alan Alda for Best Actor in a Supporting Role. Despite having a leading tally, the film ended up with only five Oscars: Best Actress in a Supporting Role, Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, Best Film Editing and Best Cinematography. Scorsese lost again, this time to director Clint Eastwood for Million Dollar Baby (which also won Best Picture).
No Direction Home:
No Direction Home is a documentary film by Martin Scorsese that tells of the life of Bob Dylan, and his impact on American popular music and culture of the 20th century. The film does not cover Dylan's entire career; it focuses on his beginnings, his rise to fame in the 1960s, his then-controversial transformation from an acoustic guitar-based musician and performer to an electric guitar-influenced sound and his "retirement" from touring in 1966 following an infamous motorcycle accident. The film was first presented on television in both the United States (as part of the PBS American Masters series) and the United Kingdom (as part of the BBC Two Arena series) on September 26-27, 2005. A DVD version of the film was released that same month. The film won a Peabody award and the Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video. In addition, Scorsese received an Emmy nomination for it.
The Departed:
Scorsese returned to the crime genre with the Boston-set thriller The Departed, based on the Hong Kong police drama Infernal Affairs. Along with Matt Damon and Leonardo DiCaprio, The Departed was Scorsese's first collaboration with Jack Nicholson and Martin Sheen.
The Departed opened to widespread critical acclaim with some proclaiming it as one of the best efforts Scorsese had brought to the screen since 1990s Goodfellas, and still others putting it at the same level as Scorsese's most celebrated classics Taxi Driver and Raging Bull. With domestic box office receipts surpassing $129,402,536, The Departed was Scorsese's highest grossing film (not accounting for inflation) until 2010s Shutter Island.
Martin Scorsese's direction of The Departed earned him his second Golden Globe for Best Director, as well as a Critics' Choice Award, his first Directors Guild of America Award, and the Academy Award for Best Director. While being presented with the award, Scorsese said "Could you double-check the envelope?" It was presented to him by his longtime friends and colleagues Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas and Steven Spielberg. The Departed also received the Academy Award for the Best Motion Picture of 2006, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Film Editing by longtime Scorsese editor Thelma Schoonmaker, her third win for a Scorsese film.
Shine a Light:
Shine a Light is a concert film of rock and roll band The Rolling Stones' performances at New York City's Beacon Theater on October 29 and November 1, 2006, intercut with brief news and interview footage from throughout the band's career.
The film was initially scheduled for release on September 21, 2007, but Paramount Classics postponed its general release until April 2008. Its world premiere was at the opening of the 58th Berlinale Film Festival on February 7, 2008.
Shutter Island:
On October 22, 2007, Daily Variety reported that Scorsese would reunite with Leonardo DiCaprio on a 4th picture, Shutter Island. Principal photography on the Laeta Kalogridis screenplay, based on the novel of the same name by Dennis Lehane, began in Massachusetts in March 2008.
In December 2007, actors Mark Ruffalo, Max von Sydow, Ben Kingsley, and Michelle Williams joined the cast, marking the first time these four actors have worked with Scorsese. The film was released on February 19, 2010. On May 20, 2010, the film was Scorsese's highest grossing film.
Boardwalk Empire:
Scorsese directed the series premiere for Boardwalk Empire, an HBO drama series, starring Steve Buscemi and Michael Pitt, and based upon Nelson Johnson's book Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times and Corruption of Atlantic City.Terence Winter, who previously wrote for The Sopranos, created the series. In addition to directing the pilot (for which he won the 2011 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing), Scorsese also serves as an executive producer on the series.
The series premiered on September 19, 2010 and was renewed for a second season. On October 12, 2011, the series was renewed again for a third season.
Living in the Material World:
Scorsese directed a three-and-a-half-hour documentary about the life and music of former Beatles member George Harrison, which premiered in the United States on HBO over two parts on October 5 and 6, 2011.
Hugo is a 3D adventure drama film based on Brian Selznick's novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret. The film stars Asa Butterfield, Chloë Grace Moretz, Ben Kingsley, Sacha Baron Cohen, Ray Winstone, Emily Mortimer, Christopher Lee and Jude Law. The film has been met with critical acclaim and earned Scorsese his 3rd Golden Globe Award for Best Director. The film was also nominated for eleven Academy Awards, winning five of them and becoming tied with Michel Hazanavicius's film The Artist for the most Academy Awards won by a single film in 2011. Hugo also won two BAFTA awards, among other numerous awards and nominations.
Hugo is Scorsese's first 3D film and was released in the US on November 23, 2011.
The Wolf of Wall Street:
Scorsese's 2013 movie, The Wolf of Wall Street, is an American biographical black comedy based on Jordan Belfort's memoir of the same name. The screenplay was written by Terence Winter, and starred Leonardo DiCaprio as Belfort, along with Jonah Hill and Matthew McConaughey, among others. The Wolf of Wall Street marked the fifth collaboration between Scorsese and DiCaprio and the second between Scorsese and Winter after Boardwalk Empire.
The film was released on December 25, 2013, and tells the story of a New York stockbroker, played by DiCaprio, who refuses to cooperate in a large securities fraud case involving corruption on Wall Street, stock manipulation, namely the practice of "Pump and dump" and the corporate banking world. Leonardo DiCaprio was given the award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy at the 2014 Golden Globe Awards, with the film being nominated for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy as well. Also, The Wolf of Wall Street has been nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Leonardo DiCaprio, Best Supporting Actor for Jonah Hill, Best Director for Martin Scorsese, and Best Adapted Screenplay for Terence Winter but did not win in any category.
Future films:
Scorsese has announced several potential future projects. A documentary feature on Scorsese by artist Melinda Camber Porter was nearly complete when she lost her life to cancer. Scorsese anticipates filming an adaptation of Shūsaku Endō's novel Silence, a drama about the voyages of two Portuguese Jesuit priests in Japan during the 17th Century. Scorsese had originally planned Silence as his next project following Shutter Island. On April 19, 2013, financing was finally secured for Silence by Emmett/Furla Films, with Scorsese to begin shooting in Taiwan in July 2014.
Scorsese serves as an executive producer of Revenge of the Green Dragons, which is directed by Andrew Lau (whose earlier film Infernal Affairs inspired The Departed).
Scorsese reported that his long-planned Frank Sinatra biopic is coming up, with Phil Alden Robinson writing the screenplay. He is also attached to direct The Irishman, which will star Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci and Al Pacino.
In an interview discussing Hugo with Mark Kermode and Simon Mayo on their BBC podcast, Scorsese mentioned that he is working on a TV series on the history of the rock industry.
Scorsese's next documentary feature will be a film on former President Bill Clinton for HBO. "A towering figure who remains a major voice in world issues, President Clinton continues to shape the political dialogue both here and around the world," Scorsese said. "Through intimate conversations, I hope to provide greater insight into this transcendent figure."
Although Scorsese decided to shoot Hugo digitally because it was being photographed in 3D, and The Wolf of Wall Street was originally planned to be shot digitally, in fact the main filming was done in 2D. Schoonmaker expressed her disappointment with the decision, saying, "It would appear that we've lost the battle. I think Marty just feels it's unfortunately over, and there's been no bigger champion of film than him." After extensive comparison tests during pre-production, eventually the majority of the feature was shot on film while scenes that used green screen effects or low light were shot with the Arri Alexa. The film contains 400-450 VFX shots. As of December 2013, no announcement has been made on plans for digital or non-digital filming for Scorsese's next feature film.
Personal life:
Scorsese has been married five times. His first wife was Laraine Marie Brennan; they have a daughter, Catherine. He married the writer Julia Cameron in 1976; they have a daughter, Domenica Cameron-Scorsese, who is an actress and appeared in The Age of Innocence, but the marriage lasted only a year. The divorce was acrimonious and served as the basis of Cameron's first feature, the dark comedy, God's Will, which also starred their daughter, Domenica. Their daughter also had a small role in Cape Fear using the name Domenica Scorsese and has continued to act, write, direct and produce. Scorsese was married to actress Isabella Rossellini from 1979 to their divorce in 1983. He then married producer Barbara De Fina in 1985; their marriage ended in divorce as well, in 1991. Scorsese has been married to Helen Schermerhorn Morris since 1999; they have a daughter, Francesca, who appeared in The Departed and The Aviator. He is based in New York City.
Scorsese has commented, "I'm a lapsed Catholic. But I am Roman Catholic, there's no way out of it." In 2010 The Wall Street Journal reported that Scorsese was supporting the David Lynch Foundation's initiative to help 10,000 military veterans overcome posttraumatic stress disorder through Transcendental Meditation, and Scorsese has publicly discussed his own practice of TM.
Collaborations with Robert De Niro:
Scorsese frequently collaborated with Robert De Niro, making a total of eight films with the actor. After being introduced to him in the early 1970s, Scorsese cast De Niro in his 1973 film Mean Streets. Three years later, De Niro starred in Taxi Driver, this time holding the lead role. De Niro re-joined Scorsese for New York, New York in 1977, but the film was unsuccessful. Nevertheless, their partnership continued into the 1980s, when the pair made Raging Bull, which was highly successful, and The King of Comedy. In the 1990s, De Niro starred in Goodfellas, one of the pair's most praised films, and 1991's Cape Fear, before making Casino in 1995. The two also voiced major parts in the 2004 film Shark Tale. Scorsese and De Niro plan to re-unite for a film referred to as The Irishman based on the book I Heard You Paint Houses, although a date for the project is uncertain.
In 2007, Scorsese was listed among Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People in The World.,
In August 2007 Scorsese was named the second-greatest director of all time in a poll by Total Film magazine, in front of Steven Spielberg and behind Alfred Hitchcock.,
In 2007, Scorsese was honored by the National Italian American Foundation (N.I.A.F.) at the nonprofit's thirty-second Anniversary Gala. During the ceremony, Scorsese helped launch N.I.A.F.'s Jack Valenti Institute, which provides support to Italian film students in the U.S., in memory of former Foundation Board Member and past president of the Motion Picture Association of America (M.P.A.A.) Jack Valenti. Scorsese received his award from Mary Margaret Valenti, Jack's widow. Certain pieces of Scorsese's film related material and personal papers are contained in the Wesleyan University Cinema Archives to which scholars and media experts from around the world may have full access.,
In 2011 Scorsese received an honorary doctorate from the National Film School in Lodz. At the awards ceremony he said, "I feel like I'm a part of this school and that I attended it", paying tribute to the films of Wajda, Munk, Has, Polanski and Skolimowski.,
King Missile wrote Martin Scorsese in his honor.,
In 2013 the National Endowment for the Humanities selected Scorsese for the Jefferson Lecture, the U.S. federal government's highest honor for achievement in the humanities. He was the first filmmaker chosen for the honor. His lecture, delivered on April 1, 2013 at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts was entitled "Persistence of Vision: Reading the Language of Cinema".,
Director trademarks:
Frequent use of slow motion, e.g. Who's That Knocking at My Door (1967) Mean Streets (1973), Taxi Driver (1976), Raging Bull (1980), Goodfellas (1990) and Wolf of Wall Street (2013). Also known for using freeze frame, such as the opening credits of The King of Comedy (1983), and throughout Goodfellas (1990). Such a shot is also used in the film The Departed (2006).,
His blonde leading ladies are usually seen through the eyes of the protagonist as angelic and ethereal; they wear white in their first scene and are photographed in slow-motion (Cybill Shepherd in Taxi Driver; Cathy Moriarty's white bikini in Raging Bull; Sharon Stone's white minidress in Casino). This may possibly be a nod to director Alfred Hitchcock.,
Often uses long tracking shots. Example: Taxi Driver, Goodfellas, Casino, Gangs of New York, Hugo.,
Use of MOS sequences set to popular music or voice over, often involving aggressive camera movement and/or rapid editing.,
Often has a quick cameo in his films (Who's That Knocking at My Door, Mean Streets, Taxi Driver, The King of Comedy, After Hours, The Last Temptation of Christ (albeit hidden under a hood), The Age of Innocence, Gangs of New York, Hugo). Also, often contributes his voice to a film without showing his face on screen. He provides the opening voice-over narration in Mean Streets and The Color of Money; plays the off-screen dressing room attendant in the final scene of Raging Bull; provides the voice of the unseen ambulance dispatcher in Bringing Out the Dead.,
Sometimes highlights characters in a scene with an iris, an homage to 1920s silent film cinema (as scenes at the time sometimes used this transition). This effect can be seen in Casino (it is used on Sharon Stone and Joe Pesci), Life Lessons, The Departed (on Matt Damon), and Hugo.,
Some of his films include references/allusions to Westerns, particularly Rio Bravo, The Great Train Robbery, Shane, The Searchers, and The Oklahoma Kid.,
More recently, his films have featured corrupt authority figures, such as policemen in The Departed and politicians in Gangs of New York and The Aviator.,
Guilt is a prominent theme in many of his films, as is the role of Catholicism in creating and dealing with guilt (Raging Bull, Goodfellas, Bringing Out the Dead, Mean Streets, Who's That Knocking at My Door, The Departed, Shutter Island).,
Slow motion flashbulbs and accented camera/flash/shutter sounds.,
The song "Gimme Shelter" by The Rolling Stones is heard in several of Scorsese's films: Goodfellas, Casino, and The Departed.,
Frequent collaborators:
Scorsese often casts the same actors in his films, particularly Robert De Niro, who collaborated with Scorsese for eight films. Included are the three films (Raging Bull, Taxi Driver, and Goodfellas) that made AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies list. Scorsese has often said he thinks De Niro's best work under his direction was Rupert Pupkin in The King of Comedy. Most recently, Scorsese has found a new muse with younger actor Leonardo DiCaprio, with whom he has collaborated for five films. Several critics have compared Scorsese's new partnership with DiCaprio with his previous one with De Niro. Other frequent collaborators include Victor Argo (6), Harry Northup (6), Harvey Keitel (5), Murray Moston (5), J.C. Mackenzie (3), Joe Pesci (3), Frank Vincent (3) and Verna Bloom (3). Daniel Day-Lewis, who had become very reclusive to the Hollywood scene, Alec Baldwin, Ben Kingsley, Jude Law, Emily Mortimer, John C. Reilly, Frank Sivero, and Ray Winstone have also appeared in multiple Scorsese films. Before their deaths, Scorsese's parents, Charles Scorsese and Catherine Scorsese, appeared in bit parts, walk-ons or supporting roles, most notably in Goodfellas.
For his crew, Scorsese frequently worked with editor Thelma Schoonmaker, cinematographers Michael Ballhaus and Robert Richardson, screenwriters Paul Schrader Mardik Martin, and John Logan, costume designer Sandy Powell, production designer Dante Ferretti, and composers Robbie Robertson, Howard Shore and Elmer Bernstein. Schoonmaker, Richardson, Powell, and Ferretti have all won Academy Awards in their respective categories on collaborations with Scorsese. Elaine and Saul Bass, the latter being Hitchcock's frequent title designer, designed the opening credits for Goodfellas, The Age of Innocence, Casino and Cape Fear. He was the executive producer of the film Brides, which was directed by Pantelis Voulgaris and starred Victoria Haralabidou, Damian Lewis, Steven Berkoff and Kosta Sommer.
Who's That Knocking at My Door (1968)
Boxcar Bertha (1972)
Mean Streets (1973)
Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1974)
Taxi Driver (1976)
New York, New York (1977)
Raging Bull (1980)
The King of Comedy (1983)
After Hours (1985)
The Color of Money (1986)
The Last Temptation of Christ (1988)
Goodfellas (1990)
Cape Fear (1991)
The Age of Innocence (1993)
Casino (1995)
Gangs of New York (2002)
The Aviator (2004)
The Departed (2006)
Shutter Island (2010)
Hugo (2011)
The Wolf of Wall Street (2013)
Victor Argo
Robert De Niro
Leonardo DiCaprio
Illeana Douglas
Harvey Keitel
Murray Moston
J.C. MacKenzie
Harry Northup
Joe Pesci
Catherine Scorsese
Charles Scorsese
Frank Sivero
Frank Vincent
Actors' awarded performances:
Under Scorsese's direction, actors have continually received nominations from the major competitive acting awards (the Academy Award, the BAFTA Award and the Golden Globe Award).
70 nominations total: 22 Academy Award, 21 BAFTA Award, 27 Golden Globe Award,
25 Best Leading Actor, 7 Best Leading Actress, 12 Best Supporting Actor, 24 Best Supporting Actress, 2 Best New Comer,
Full awarding list:
Academy Award for Best Actor:
Robert De Niro for Taxi Driver,
Robert De Niro for Raging Bull (win),
Paul Newman for The Color of Money (win),
Robert De Niro for Cape Fear,
Daniel Day-Lewis for Gangs of New York,
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Aviator,
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Wolf of Wall Street,
Academy Award for Best Actress:
Ellen Burstyn for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (win),
Sharon Stone for Casino,
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor:
Joe Pesci for Raging Bull,
Joe Pesci for Goodfellas (win),
Alan Alda for The Aviator,
Mark Wahlberg for The Departed,
Jonah Hill for The Wolf of Wall Street,
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress:
Diane Ladd for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore,
Jodie Foster for Taxi Driver,
Cathy Moriarty for Raging Bull,
Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio for The Color of Money,
Lorraine Bracco for Goodfellas,
Juliette Lewis for Cape Fear,
Winona Ryder for The Age of Innocence,
Cate Blanchett for The Aviator (win),
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role:
Robert De Niro for Taxi Driver,
Robert De Niro for Raging Bull,
Robert De Niro for The King of Comedy,
Robert De Niro for Goodfellas,
Daniel Day-Lewis for Gangs of New York (win),
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Aviator,
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Departed,
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Wolf of Wall Street,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role:
Ellen Burstyn for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (win),
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role:
Jerry Lewis for The King of Comedy,
Alan Alda for The Aviator,
Jack Nicholson for The Departed,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role:
Diane Ladd for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (win),
Lelia Goldoni for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore,
Jodie Foster for Taxi Driver (win),
Rosanna Arquette for After Hours,
Winona Ryder for The Age of Innocence,
Miriam Margolyes for The Age of Innocence (win),
Cate Blanchett for The Aviator (win),
BAFTA Film Award for Newcomer to Leading Film Roles:
Jodie Foster for Taxi Driver (win),
Joe Pesci for Raging Bull (win),
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama:
Robert De Niro for Taxi Driver,
Robert De Niro for Raging Bull (win),
Paul Newman for The Color of Money,
Robert De Niro for Cape Fear,
Daniel Day-Lewis for Gangs of New York,
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Aviator (win),
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Departed,
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama:
Ellen Burstyn for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore,
Michelle Pfeiffer for The Age of Innocence,
Sharon Stone for Casino (win),
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy:
Robert De Niro for New York, New York,
Griffin Dunne for After Hours,
Leonardo DiCaprio for The Wolf of Wall Street (win),
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy:
Liza Minnelli for New York, New York,
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture:
Joe Pesci for Raging Bull,
Joe Pesci for Goodfellas,
Jack Nicholson for The Departed,
Mark Wahlberg for The Departed,
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture:
Diane Ladd for Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore,
Cathy Moriarty for Raging Bull,
Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio for The Color of Money,
Barbara Hershey for The Last Temptation of Christ,
Lorraine Bracco for Goodfellas,
Juliette Lewis for Cape Fear,
Winona Ryder for The Age of Innocence (win),
Cameron Diaz for Gangs of New York,
Cate Blanchett for The Aviator,
Awarding record:
By actor:
11 nominations for Robert De Niro (3 Academy Awards, 4 BAFTAs & 4 Golden Globes), from 6 different films: Taxi Driver, New York, New York, Raging Bull, The King of Comedy, Goodfellas and Cape Fear,
8 nominations for Leonardo DiCaprio (2 Academy Award, 3 BAFTAs & 3 Golden Globes), from 3 different films: The Aviator, The Departed and The Wolf of Wall Street,
5 nominations for Joe Pesci (2 Academy Awards, 1 BAFTA & 2 Golden Globes), from 2 different films: Raging Bull and Goodfellas,
27 actors have received nominations, including actors such as Robert De Niro, Paul Newman, Jack Nicholson, Daniel Day-Lewis, Jodie Foster, Barbara Hershey, Ellen Burstyn, and Miriam Margolyes,
12 actors received awards, including Ellen Burstyn, Diane Ladd, Jodie Foster, Robert De Niro, Paul Newman, Joe Pesci, Winona Ryder, Miriam Margolyes, Sharon Stone, Daniel Day-Lewis, Cate Blanchett, and Leonardo DiCaprio.,
By film:
8 nominations: Raging Bull (3 Academy Awards, 2 BAFTAs & 3 Golden Globes), respectively received by Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci, and Cathy Moriarty,
8 nominations: The Aviator (3 Academy Awards, 3 BAFTAs & 2 Golden Globes), respectively received by Leonardo DiCaprio, Cate Blanchett, and Alan Alda,
6 nominations: The Departed (1 Academy Award, 2 BAFTAs & 3 Golden Globes), respectively received by Leonardo DiCaprio, Jack Nicholson, and Mark Wahlberg,
Awards and recognition:
Major awards received by Scorsese movies:
1974 Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore
Academy Award for Best Actress: Ellen Burstyn,
BAFTA Award for Best Film,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role: Ellen Burstyn,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Diane Ladd,
1976 Taxi Driver
Cannes Film Festival - Palme d'Or,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Jodie Foster,
BAFTA Award for Best Film Music: Bernard Herrmann,
BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer: Jodie Foster,
1980 Raging Bull
Academy Award for Best Actor: Robert De Niro,
Academy Award for Best Film Editing: Thelma Schoonmaker,
BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer: Joe Pesci,
BAFTA Award for Best Editing: Thelma Schoonmaker,
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama: Robert De Niro,
1985 After Hours
Best Director Award (Cannes Film Festival),
1986 The Color of Money
Academy Award for Best Actor: Paul Newman,
1990 Goodfellas
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor: Joe Pesci,
BAFTA Award for Best Film,
BAFTA Award for Best Direction,
BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay: Martin Scorsese, Nicholas Pileggi,
BAFTA Award for Best Editing: Thelma Schoonmaker,
BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design: Richard Bruno,
Venice Film Festival: Silver Lion for Best Director,
1993 The Age of Innocence
Academy Award for Best Costume Design: Gabriella Pescucci,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Miriam Margolyes,
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture: Winona Ryder,
1995 Casino
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama: Sharon Stone,
2002 Gangs of New York
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role: Daniel Day-Lewis,
Golden Globe Award for Best Director,
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song: U2 for the The Hands That Built America,
2004 The Aviator
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress: Cate Blanchett,
Academy Award for Best Film Editing: Thelma Schoonmaker,
Academy Award for Best Cinematography: Robert Richardson,
Academy Award for Best Costume Design: Sandy Powell,
Academy Award for Best Art Direction: Dante Ferretti and Francesca Lo Schiavo,
BAFTA Award for Best Film,
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role: Cate Blanchett,
BAFTA Award for Best Production Design: Dante Ferretti,
Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Drama,
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama: Leonardo DiCaprio,
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score: Howard Shore,
2006 The Departed
Academy Award for Best Picture,
Academy Award for Best Director,
Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay: William Monahan,
Academy Award for Best Film Editing: Thelma Schoonmaker,
Golden Globe Award for Best Director,
2011 Hugo
Academy Award for Best Cinematography: Robert Richardson,
Academy Award for Best Art Direction: Dante Ferretti and Francesca Lo Schiavo,
Academy Award for Best Sound Editing: Philip Stockton and Eugene Gearty,
Academy Award for Best Sound Mixing: Tom Fleischman and John Midgley,
Academy Award for Best Visual Effects: Robert Legato, Joss Williams, Ben Grossmann and Alex Henning,
BAFTA Award for Best Production Design: Dante Ferretti and Francesca Lo Schiavo,
Golden Globe Award for Best Director,
Scorsese received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1997.
In 1998, the American Film Institute placed three Scorsese films on their list of the greatest movies in America: Raging Bull at #24, Taxi Driver at #47 and Goodfellas at #94. For their tenth anniversary edition of the list, Raging Bull was moved to #4, Taxi Driver was moved to #52 and Goodfellas was moved to #92.,
Scorsese received the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic on January 18, 2001.,
In 2001, AFI put two Scorsese films on their list of the most "heart-pounding movies" in American cinema: Taxi Driver at #22 and Raging Bull at #51.,
At a ceremony in Paris, France, on January 5, 2005, Martin Scorsese was awarded the French Legion of Honor in recognition of his contribution to cinema.,
In 2006, at the 48th Grammy Awards, Scorsese was awarded the Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video for No Direction Home.,
On September 11, 2007, the Kennedy Center Honors committee, which recognizes career excellence and cultural influence, named Scorsese as one of the honorees for the year.,
On June 17, 2008, AFI put two of Scorsese's films on the AFI's 10 Top 10 list: Raging Bull at #1 for the Sports genre and Goodfellas at #2 for the Gangster genre.,
Scorsese was the recipient of the 2010 Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 67th Golden Globe Awards.,
On September 18, 2011, at the 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards, Scorsese won in the category Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series, for his work on the series premiere of Boardwalk Empire.,
On February 12, 2012 at the 65th British Academy Film Awards, Scorsese was the recipient of the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award.,
On September 16, 2012 he won 2 Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for Nonfiction Programming and Outstanding Nonfiction Special for his work on the documentary George Harrison: Living in the Material World.,
Scorsese has earned praise from many film legends including Ingmar Bergman,Frank Capra,Jean-Luc Godard,Werner Herzog,Elia Kazan,Akira Kurosawa,David Lean,Michael Powell,Satyajit Ray, and François Truffaut.
Academy Award Nominations
Academy Award Wins
Golden Globe Nominations
Golden Globe Wins
BAFTA Nominations
BAFTA Wins
Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore
Taxi Driver
New York, New York
Raging Bull
The King of Comedy
After Hours
The Color of Money
The Last Temptation of Christ
Cape Fear
The Age of Innocence
Gangs of New York
The Aviator
The Departed
The Wolf of Wall Street
Source: Wikipedia
Text from this biography licensed under creative commons license
Source: Wikipedia
Text from this biography licensed under creative commons license


text:
"If I could start my life all over again, I would be a professional football player, and you damn well better believe I would be a Pittsburgh Steeler." -Jack Lambert
While Flame is usually very critical about the Stillerz (which is warranted), I agree with his comment. As well as some of the other posts about the OL and the conditioning? Just amazed at the injuries and severity the players keep having. Sure hope Heath is gonna be ok him going to the Pro bowl even though the game is a joke, always love to watch him play, one of the few guys on the team with HEART when playing!!
"If I could start my life all over again, I would be a professional football player, and you damn well better believe I would be a Pittsburgh Steeler." -Jack Lambert
Well I look at the totally gutted colts team with a bunch of nobodies on their team and a rookie qb at the helm going to the playoffs under BA....and the steelers who are usually in the playoffs year in and year out stumble like fools and it makes me wonder. Also the defense may have been #1 but that don't mean squat when you qb pressure and sack are few and far between and you can't force a fumble or jump a pass pattern for the pick.
Walton's offense was tailor made for Green. He was dominant in 1990 when he signed and then got hurt in 1991.
Hey guys, let me say hello to everyone first. I am new on the board. Looking forward to some good reads.
Personally, i think the Haley experiment is over because i don't see how Ben and Haley can coexist.
If this team wants to be a serious contender next season, we need a OC and a QB who trust and respect each other.
One of them has to go. Which basically means, Haley has to go!
There are currently 1 users browsing this thread. (0 members and 1 guests)


text: Radical Presence chronicles the emergence of black performance practices in contemporary art. Where hegemony has tended to define black performance art as an extension of theater, this publication provides a critical framework for discussing the history of black performance within the visual arts over the last 50 years. Continue reading


text:
Cellar/Tasting Notes A medium bodied, elegant, pure and racy. Medium ruby color, pure nose of sweet and sour cherries, red currants, pomegranate and red grapefruit. Reminds us of a red-fruited, Côte de Beaune. The tannins are well integrated and balanced by zesty acidity. Robert Parker of Wine Advocate fame is part..
Cellar/Tasting Notes "From a vineyard on Ribbon Ridge immediately west of Bergstroms' winery, planted only in the last half dozen years, and monopolized by them, the 2011 Pinot Noir Le Pre du Col leads with scents of licorice and tamarind; smoky black tea and nobly fungus; lemon and grapefruit oils; not to forget..
Cellar/Tasting Notes The 2011 Bergstrom Vineyard Pinot Noir has a deep black cherry color and a rich, heady perfume of roses, violet candies, dark cherries, cured meat, cooked bacon, iron and savory baking spices. This is a classic Bergstrom Vineyard Pinot Noir, with the sites hallmark sanguine nose that is very..


text:
CANAAN VALLEY, W.Va. -- Development of one of the region's biggest snow-tubing parks is part of $10 million in slope-side construction work now underway at Canaan Valley Resort State Park.
The new 1,200-foot long snow-tubing park, which will have up to 16 lanes, is taking shape across the main access road to Canaan Valley's ski area from the existing tube park. The new tube park is twice as long, and at least twice as wide, as the old five-lane park.
"Starting this winter, we'll have one of the biggest and longest tube runs in the East," said Stan Beafore, assistant superintendent at Canaan Valley State Park. While the old park was able to accommodate only about 100 tube riders at a time, the new park should be able to handle up to 250 riders per session.
"With the old tube run, there were times when sessions would sell out and people would have to wait," Beafore said. "That shouldn't be a problem now."
Instead of hopping on their tubes and riding a rope tow to the top of the run, snow tube riders at Canaan will stand atop the resort's new Magic Carpet surface lift, which resembles the escalator-like people-mover conveyances found in larger airports.
The new tube park is designed to accommodate up to 16 lanes of tubing, but it hasn't yet been determined how many lanes will be available at the start of the 2012-2013 snow season. Current plans call for at least 10 lanes to be open this winter.
A warming hut equipped with a fireplace, food service, hot beverages and beer and wine service, is taking shape at the base of the new tubing park. A patio and outdoor fire ring are being built adjacent to the hut.
Also under construction at the base of the new tubing hill is a wobble clay skeet range, designed to draw people to the slope long after the snow melts. A similar range was recently built at Cacapon State Park.
A wobble clay range provides shotgun shooters with targets that move along a more extreme trajectory, with more up-and-down and side-to-side oscillation, than a standard trap shooting range. Wobble clay shooting is considered by many shooters to be more challenging than standard trap shooting, offering better and more realistic preparation for bird hunting.
Elsewhere on the slopes at Canaan Valley Resort State Park, construction crews are replacing all pipes supplying water to snowmaking gear, and will soon be installing several new snow guns. A new pipeline connects the snowmaking supply ponds at the ski area with the irrigation pond at Canaan Valley's golf course, making additional water available for snowmaking. Another pipeline connects the golf course pond with the Blackwater River, providing a backup source of water during extreme dry periods.
During warmer months, the ski area ponds can be used to augment golf course irrigation, Beafore said.
With the new pipes, hydrants, snow guns and water capacity, "I think people will be surprised with the dramatic improvements they'll see on the ski slopes this season," said Brad Leslie, chief engineer for West Virginia State Parks.
The two lodge buildings used to accommodate skiers when the park opened its ski slopes in 1972 are undergoing major renovations, including new roofs, decks, windows, furniture and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. A new patio will connect the two buildings, now used to house a pub and a ticket sales area, and will contain another outdoor fire ring.


text:
Whether treating a toddler in an emergency or supporting a teen through chemotherapy treatments, we are dedicated to the care of each patient. It's through teamwork at every level of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and with you, the family, that we are able to achieve excellence in pediatric care.
See more about us
With a proven track record of providing world-class care to patients in more than 30 pediatric specialties, we are a model for other pediatric hospitals. Infants, teens and young adults belong in a children's hospital where they can get specialized treatment from caregivers who know the important differences between children and adults.
See our clinical services
Do you have a question about your child's health? This section offers information that may help you. View age-appropriate health information for your child.
Research is a cornerstone of the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta mission to enhance the lives of children. In conjunction with Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia Tech and Morehouse, Children's seeks answers to the most challenging childhood medical conditions through teaching and research.
Children who are overweight are now suffering from diseases once seen only in adults, such as hypertension, liver disease and Type 2 diabetes. That's why Children's launched Strong4Life, a wellness movement designed to ignite societal change and reverse the epidemic of childhood obesity and its associated diseases in Georgia.
As a not-for-profit organization, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta relies on the generous financial and volunteer support of our community. Your donations directly impact the lives of each family served by Children's and support many initiatives such as clinical excellence, research, teaching, wellness and charity care.
Community Volunteers:
Children's Foundation Park North 1577 Northeast Expressway Suite A Atlanta, GA 30329 404-785-GIVE Fax: 404-785-7355 email@example.com
Hospital Volunteers:
Midtown Atlanta
Beginning at 10:30 a.m. on Saturday, Dec. 6 the Children's Christmas Parade will step off at Peachtree St. and 16th St. and end at Peachtree St. and 6th St. Watch as Midtown Atlanta will be transformed into Santa Claus Lane with the sights and sounds of the season. With floats, giant helium-filled balloons and marching bands, the Children's Christmas Parade will be the largest holiday parade in the southeast. Along with a television audience of more than 500,000 viewers on WSB-TV, hundreds of thousands of spectators will be lined up along the streets eagerly awaiting the arrival of Santa and the official beginning of the holiday season in Atlanta.
If you have questions about the Parade, visit our FAQ page or contact Abby Marcinko.
Guests of the Parade stay at the W Atlanta – Midtown Hotel, click here to reserve your stay this holiday season.
View a full list of street and lane closings for the Parade.


text:
Help us improve our site. We want to know what you think!
Transfer workout data seamlessly to our free web-based community or Training Center with this USB ANT Stick.
Simply plug the stick into your computer's USB port, and it will automatically receive your activity data when your compatible fitness device is within range.


text:
Back to Document
American Cancer Societyhttp://www.cancer.org/
Women's Healthhttp://womenshealth.gov/
Canadian Cancer Societyhttp://www.cancer.ca/
Women's Health Mattershttp://www.womenshealthmatters.ca/
Female reproductive options. Fertile Hope website. Available at: http://www.fertilehope.org/healthcare-professionals/clinical-tools/female%5Foptions%5Fv3.pdf. Updated 2007. Accessed December 4, 2012.
Lee SJ, Schover LR, et al., ASCO Recommendations on Fertility Preservation in Cancer Patients: Guideline Summary. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(18):2917-31.
Makar AP, Trope C. Fertility preservation in gynecologic cancer. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Scand. 2001;80:794-802.
Ovarian Cancer. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed/what.php. Updated December 3, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2012.


text:
Unfortunately, your access has now expired. But there's good news—by subscribing today, you will receive 22 issues of Booklist magazine, 4 issues of Book Links, and single-login access to Booklist Online and over 135,000 reviews.
Your access to Booklist Online has expired. If you still subscribe to the print magazine, please proceed to your profile page and check your subscriber number against a current magazine mailing label. (If your print subscription has lapsed, you will need to renew.)
You must be logged in to read full text of reviews.
> Logged-in users can make lists, save searches, e-mail, and more!
> Click My Profile to create a username & password
> Try a free trial or subscribe today
March 15 2014 BOOKLIST
January 2014
Find more Story behind the Story
Balancing Acts
Given Dr. Christopher Wills' extensive world travels, as chronicled in his two most recent books, The Darwinian Tourist (2010) and Green Equilibrium, Booklist felt lucky to reach him at his Southern California home. In spite of his distinguished career, we imagined the emeritus professor of biological sciences and member of the Center for Molecular Genetics at the University of California–San Diego as having been the sort of boy who eagerly collected bugs and worms. Wills concurred with a hearty laugh. "Well, yes! I was born in England, and taken to Canada as a little boy. In those days, gosh, there were worms, frogs, fish, all kinds of things. It was a vibrant natural world that I found myself in, and I'm sure that had a lot to do with my going into biology."
Wills' "sheer fascination with the natural world" and with evolution paved the way to his becoming a population geneticist. "My genetics work made me realize that every one of the thousands of species you may see in a complicated ecosystem has its own gene pools, set of genes, genetic history, and innumerable ways of interacting with other species. So when you put it all together, you've got not only ecological complexity but also the genetic complexity that underpins it." This revelation was the spark for Green Equilibrium.
Wills loves fieldwork, including scuba diving, and he has experienced plenty of mishaps and thrills while taking the beautiful photographs of rare species and striking habitats that fill his books. This enables him to mix travel adventures with hard science. "Yes, I do try to sneak the science in," he admits. "The audience I'm aiming at is interested in science, but they don't want to be scared off by it. So I try to balance science with stories."
Some of the stories involve his wife, Liz, so we asked if Liz helped him connect with people in such places as New Guinea. "Oh, absolutely. Liz is not a scientist, but she is enormously interested in people. She speaks Chinese, Spanish, and English, so she can talk with about half the planet. That's extremely useful. Because she's not a European, white sort of person, she can relate to people in a way I simply cannot. It's a sort of curse I labor under. Here I am, a Waspy sort of guy who is obviously coming in, you know, to poke and prod to find out what's going on. Without Liz, I wouldn't have gotten anywhere near as far as I did in terms of figuring things out. I learn so much more when she comes along."
Among the ecosystems Wills visits in Green Equilibrium is Santa Cruz, one of the Channel Islands off the coast of California, which just so happens to be the setting for T. C. Boyle's two most recent novels, When the Killing's Done (2011) and San Miguel (2012). Was Wills familiar with these books? "Yes, indeed. I read Boyle's novels with interest, and he certainly gave me new insights. He, of course, fictionalized the stories. What I tried to do is to explain what's really going on, and why such ecosystems are so complicated. Why ecosystems are so fragile and, yet, sometimes surprisingly robust."
Wills reflects, "In Green Equilibrium, I lay out what I think is the extent of what we must save, why it is so amazing, and why it is essential that we do something about it. I didn't want to write about gloom and doom; I'd rather write about the incredibly dedicated scientists I've met in New Guinea, Costa Rica, and elsewhere who are getting at the structures of ecological treasures. I'm well aware of the fact that there are very few life-changing books out there. But sometimes there are books that tweak people's imaginations. I'm hoping that the concept of a 'green equilibrium' and the other ideas I toss around will somehow resonate. I do hope that will happen."


text:
Please click here to read who won in our 2013 Reader's Choice special section.
Special Sections
- Special Sections
- 2014 Livestock Show and Fair
- 2013 Football Preview
- 2013 Reader's Choice
- Create an ad
- We support CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA
2013 Livestock Show and Fair
Please click here to view your 2013 Livestock section.
2012 Chamber Banquet
To view the full edition of the 2012 Chamber Banquet, please click here.
- 2012 Football Preview
2012 Newcomer's Guide
To view the full edition of the 2012 Newcomer's Guide, please click here.
2012 Reader's Choice
To view the full edition of the 2012 Reader's Choice, please click here.
- More Special Sections Headlines


text:
Profile | Candylee
- Candylee
- Candyleecosplay
- Argentina
- 23231
- 51
- 25
- Gender
- Female
Hello my name is candy♥ a year ago I am cosmaker. I'm from the city of Neuquen in Argentina. Being cosplayer in my city is very difficult, because I find everything I need, but I try to improve every day. :D


text:
The Deal
$27 for a Zumba Fitness Core game ($39.99 list price)
- Choose between the following gaming platforms: Nintendo Wii or Kinect for Xbox 360
Free shipping and free returns.
Zumba Fitness Core for Wii or Kinect
Zumba Fitness Core helps players sculpt their core during a whole-body workout customized by level of intensity. Forty original songs or hit music from Enrique Iglesias and Karmin go with the dance-based exercises like peas and carrots or peanut butter and a dog's hard palate. Players can also use the game to set personal fitness goals informed by the game's free lifestyle and nutrition tips.
- Strengthens and sculpts cores during a whole-body workout
- 45 pre-set classes
- Choose from low-, medium-, or high-intensity workouts
- Personal playlists of training exercises create custom workouts
- Zumba Fitness belt, like a principal, encourages hands-free dancing
- Up to two players on the Kinect; up to four players on the Wii
- Dance to 40 original songs or hits from Enrique Iglesias and Sean Paul
- More than 30 dance styles to rhythms like Brazilian Funk and Celtic
- Learn the steps with easy-to-follow tutorials
- Exclusive Kinect features
- Full-body motion tracking for unencumbered workouts
- Class locator helps players find live Zumba classes nearby
- Voice-controlled navigation
How to get your goods: by purchasing this Groupon and providing your name and shipping address, your order is complete!
For questions pertaining to this deal, please visit the deal Q&A on this page. For post-purchase inquiries, please contact Groupon customer service.
View the Groupon Goods FAQ for additional information, including how list price is determined.
In a Nutshell
Original and hit pop music accompanies customizable workouts in an interactive dance fitness series
The Fine Print
Limit 3 per person, may buy 2 more as gifts. Free returns. Free shipping. Does not ship to AK/HI/Canada/Puerto Rico. Most orders are delivered within 2 1/2 weeks from the purchase date. Does not ship to PO boxes. See return policy. Must pay applicable tax and provide name and shipping address at checkout, which will be shared to facilitate shipping. Goods sold by Groupon Goods. See the rules that apply to all deals.


text:
Reviews of Latest HP Products, 500 - 750 Pounds
Your Selections
CNET UK > Reviews > Computers > Laptops
HP Pavilion dv6-3122sa review
The 15.6-inch HP Pavilion dv6-3122sa offers decent-enough performance, especially on the gaming front, but we're not fans of the keyboard and trackpad. There are better laptops for the price. Read more
19 May 2011 by Niall Magennis


text:
Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias are interstitial lung diseases that have no known cause and that affect the lungs similarly.
The word idiopathic means of unknown cause, so when the cause of interstitial lung disease is not identified, idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is diagnosed. Pneumonias are often thought of as infections, but these diseases do not appear to result from infection.
There are six types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. In decreasing order of frequency, they are
Some experts also consider lymphoid interstitial pneumonia to be a type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
All types cause shortness of breath and affect the lungs similarly. However, they differ in how quickly they develop, how they are treated, and how serious they are. For example, most diseases take weeks to months to develop, but idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis takes more than 12 months to fully develop. Acute interstitial pneumonia takes only 1 to 2 weeks.
People Most Often Affected
Percentage of Affected People Who Smoke Cigarettes
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Men over 60
More than 60%
Possibly lung transplantation (most other treatments appear ineffective)
50–70% die in 5 years
Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia
Women aged 40–60
Fewer than 40%
Fewer than 10% die in 5 years
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
People aged 40–50
Fewer than 50%
Two thirds completely recover, but the disorder recurs in many
Death is rare
Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
Men aged 40–50
More than 90%
Smoking cessation
5% die in 5 years
Respiratory bronchiolitis–associated interstitial lung disease
People aged 40–50 (slightly more men)
Acute interstitial pneumonia
People of any age
Best treatment unknown
60% die in less than 6 months
Chest x-rays, pulmonary function tests (see see Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT)), and computed tomography (CT) are done. CT may be diagnostic. If not, doctors remove a small sample of lung tissue for examination under a microscope (lung biopsy). Usually, biopsy is done surgically with use of a thoracoscope (see see Thoracoscopy).
Blood tests are usually done. They usually cannot confirm the diagnosis but are done as part of the search for other, similar disorders. Doctors may also order an electrocardiogram (ECG) or echocardiogram to determine whether the heart has been affected by the lung disease.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
The lungs suffer progressive injury for a long period of time. The injury causes chronic inflammation that eventually leads to lung scarring (fibrosis).
Symptoms depend on the extent of the lung damage, the rate at which the disease progresses, and whether complications, such as lung infections and right-sided heart failure (cor pulmonale—see see Sidebar 1: Cor Pulmonale: A Disorder Stemming From Pulmonary Hypertension) develop. The main symptoms start insidiously as shortness of breath on exertion, cough, and diminished stamina. Other common complaints include weight loss and fatigue. In most people, symptoms worsen over a period ranging from about 6 months to several years.
As the disease progresses, the level of oxygen in the blood decreases, and the skin may take on a bluish tinge (called cyanosis) and the ends of the fingers may become thick or club-shaped (see Fig. 1: Recognizing Finger Clubbing). Strain on the heart may cause the right ventricle to enlarge, eventually resulting in right-sided heart failure. Through a stethoscope, doctors often hear crackling sounds. These sounds are called Velcro crackles, described as such because the sound is similar to that of Velcro when it is pulled apart.
A chest x-ray may show widespread tiny white lines, often in a netlike pattern, most profuse in the lower parts of both lungs. Computed tomography (CT) typically shows a pattern of patchy, white lines in the lower lungs. In areas of more severe involvement, the thick scarring often creates a honeycombing appearance. Pulmonary function tests (see see Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT)) show that the amount of air the lungs can hold is below normal. Analysis of a blood sample or use of an oximeter (see see Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis) shows a low level of oxygen with minimal exercise (walking at a normal pace) and, as the disease progresses, even when the person is resting.
To confirm the diagnosis, doctors may do a lung biopsy by using a procedure called bronchoscopy (see see Bronchoscopy). Many times, a larger tissue sample is needed and must be removed surgically, sometimes with use of a thoracoscope (see see Thoracoscopy).
Blood tests cannot confirm the diagnosis but are done as part of the search for other disorders that may cause a similar pattern of inflammation and scarring. For example, doctors do blood tests to screen for certain autoimmune disorders.
Most people continue to get worse. On average, people live less than 3 years after diagnosis. A few people survive for more than 5 years after diagnosis. A few die within several months.
If a chest x-ray or lung biopsy shows that scarring is not extensive, the usual treatment is a corticosteroid (such as prednisone), with or without azathioprine Some Trade Names IMURAN , N-acetylcysteine Some Trade Names ACETADOTE , or both. Doctors evaluate the person's response using chest x-rays, CT, and pulmonary function tests. High doses of prednisone are usually given for about 3 months, and then the dose is gradually reduced over another 3 months. Much lower doses are then continued for 6 more months. However, this combination treatment fails to help most people. Promising treatments that appear to decrease lung fibrosis and prolong survival include pirfenidone and bosentan Some Trade Names TRACLEER .
Other treatments are aimed at relieving symptoms: pulmonary rehabilitation for improving ability to carry out activities of daily life (see see Overview of Pulmonary Rehabilitation), oxygen therapy for low blood oxygen levels, antibiotics for infection, and drugs for the heart failure that is produced by cor pulmonale. Lung transplantation (often with a single lung) has been successful in some people with severe idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease and desquamative interstitial pneumonia are rare conditions that cause chronic lung inflammation and occur mostly in current or former cigarette smokers.
These conditions have many similarities, so that some experts think they may be part of the same disorder. However, desquamative interstitial pneumonia is often more severe. Both disorders affect cigarette smokers in their 30s and 40s, with most people developing shortness of breath with even minimal exertion. Men are affected more often than women (ratio of almost 2:1).
A chest x-ray shows less severe changes than in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and may show no changes in up to 20% of people. Pulmonary function tests show a decline in the amount of air contained in the lungs. The amount of oxygen in a blood sample is low.
A lung biopsy is often needed to confirm the diagnosis.
About 70% of people who have respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease or desquamative interstitial pneumonia survive for 10 years or longer. The response is even better when people stop smoking.
Some doctors give corticosteroids because they may be effective in other interstitial lung diseases, but the effectiveness is unknown.
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (also called bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia) is a rapidly developing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia characterized by lung inflammation and scarring that obstructs the small airways and air sacs of the lungs (alveoli).
The disease usually begins between the ages of 40 and 60 and affects men and women equally. Cigarette smoking does not appear to increase the risk of developing the disease.
Almost 75% of people have symptoms for less than 2 months before seeking medical attention. A flu-like illness, with a cough, fever, a feeling of illness (malaise), fatigue, and weight loss, heralds the onset in about 50% of people.
Doctors do not find any specific abnormalities on routine laboratory tests or on a physical examination, except for the frequent presence of crackling sounds (called Velcro crackles) when the doctor listens with a stethoscope. Pulmonary function tests usually show that the amount of air the lungs can hold is below normal. The amount of oxygen in the blood is often low at rest and is even lower with exercise.
The chest x-ray is distinctive with features that appear similar to an extensive pneumonia, with both lungs showing widespread white patches. The white patches may seem to migrate from one area of the lung to another as the disease persists or progresses. Computed tomography (CT) may be used and sometimes confirms the diagnosis. Often, the findings are typical enough to allow doctors to make a diagnosis without ordering additional tests.
In other cases, to confirm the diagnosis, doctors do a lung biopsy using a bronchoscope (see see Bronchoscopy). Many times, a larger sample is needed and must be removed surgically.
When treated with corticosteroids, about two thirds of people recover. However, symptoms may later return. If so, repeat treatment with corticosteroids is usually effective.
Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia is an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that occurs mainly in women, people who do not smoke, and people younger than 50 years.
Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia seems to be the second most common kind of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Most people are between the ages of 40 and 50. Most people have no known cause or risk factor. However, a similar process can develop in people with connective tissue disorders (in particular, systemic sclerosis and polymyositis or dermatomyositis), in some forms of drug-induced lung injury, and in people with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (see see Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis).
A dry cough and shortness of breath develop over 6 to 18 months. Low-grade fever and a feeling of illness (malaise) may occur, but high fever, weight loss, and other general symptoms of illness are unusual.
As with other idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, chest x-rays are done, and CT is usually also done. Pulmonary function tests usually show that the amount of air the lungs can hold is below normal. The amount of oxygen in the blood is often low at rest and is even lower with exercise. Doctors often do bronchoscopy (see see Bronchoscopy) and wash segments of the lung with a salt-water solution and then collect the washings (bronchoalveolar lavage) for testing. More than half of people have more lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) than normal in the washings. Lung biopsy is often necessary.
Corticosteroids are usually effective. More than 80% of people survive for more than 10 years after being diagnosed.
Acute interstitial pneumonia (also called accelerated interstitial pneumonia or Hamman-Rich syndrome) is an idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that develops suddenly and is severe.
Acute interstitial pneumonia causes the same type of symptoms as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (see see Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)). It tends to affect healthy men and women who are usually older than 40. Fever, cough, and difficulty breathing develop over 1 to 2 weeks, typically progressing to acute respiratory failure.
When possible, the diagnosis is confirmed with CT, lung biopsy, and pulmonary function tests.
Treatment aims to keep the person alive until the disorder resolves. Mechanical ventilation is needed if there is respiratory failure. Corticosteroids are generally used, but it is not clear whether they are effective.
More than 60% of affected people die within 6 months, usually from respiratory failure. In people who survive, lung function usually improves with time. However, the disease may recur.
Last full review/revision March 2008 by Talmadge E. King, Jr., MD
Buy the Book
Mobile Versions
bronchoalveolar lavage
computed tomography
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
lymphoid interstitial
systemic sclerosis
Previous: Overview of Interstitial Lung Diseases
Next: Pulmonary Langerhans' Cell Granulomatosis