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Publications (38)249.59 Total impact
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ABSTRACT: Rayleigh scattering by condensates characterises the transmission spectrum of HD 189733b at wavelengths shortward of 1 $\mu$m. We retrieve a range of condensate distributions consistent with transmission spectroscopy between 0.3-24 $\mu$m that were recently re-analyzed by Pont et al.(2013). We suggest that a vertically-confined condensate layer with a monodisperse particle size of about 0.06 $\mu$m and an optical depth of about 0.6 at wavelength 1 $\mu$m provides the best atmospheric scenario for the terminator regions of HD 189733b. Generally, we find that both vertically-confined and uniform condensate layers suggest plausible fits to the data if the optical depth is 0.1-3 and the particle size is smaller than 0.1 $\mu$m. Strong constraints on the condensate properties are provided by spectra at wavelengths shortward of 1 $\mu$m as well as longward of 8 $\mu$m. We show that these are the optimal wavelengths for quantifying the effects of condensates, which may guide the design of future space observations. The investigations in the present study indicate that the current data offer sufficient information to constrain the condensate properties of HD189733b, but the chemistry in the terminator regions remains highly uncertain.10/2013; - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We present new visible and infrared observations of the hot Jupiter Kepler-7b to determine its atmospheric properties. Our analysis allows us to 1) refine Kepler-7b's relatively large geometric albedo of Ag=0.35+-0.02, 2) place upper limits on Kepler-7b thermal emission that remains undetected in both Spitzer bandpasses and 3) report a westward shift in the Kepler optical phase curve. We argue that Kepler-7b's visible flux cannot be due to thermal emission or Rayleigh scattering from H2 molecules. We therefore conclude that high altitude, optically reflective clouds located west from the substellar point are present in its atmosphere. We find that a silicate-based cloud composition is a possible candidate. Kepler-7b exhibits several properties that may make it particularly amenable to cloud formation in its upper atmosphere. These include a hot deep atmosphere that avoids a cloud cold trap, very low surface gravity to suppress cloud sedimentation, and a planetary equilibrium temperature in a range that allows for silicate clouds to potentially form in the visible atmosphere probed by Kepler. Our analysis does not only present evidence of optically thick clouds on Kepler-7b but also yields the first map of clouds in an exoplanet atmosphere.The Astrophysical Journal Letters 10/2013; 776(2):L25. · 6.35 Impact Factor -
Article: The PLATO 2.0 Mission
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ABSTRACT: PLATO 2.0 is a mission candidate for ESA's M3 launch opportunity (2022/24). It addresses fundamental questions such as: How do planetary systems form and evolve? Are there other systems with planets like ours, able to develop life? The PLATO 2.0 instrument consists of 34 small aperture telescopes providing a wide field-of-view and a large photometric magnitude range. It targets bright stars in wide fields to detect and characterize planets down to Earth-size by photometric transits, whose masses can then be determined by ground-based radial-velocity follow-up measurements. Asteroseismology will be performed for stars <=11mag to obtain highly accurate stellar parameters, including masses and ages. The combination of bright targets and asteroseismology results in high accuracy for the bulk planet parameters: 2%, 4-10% and 10% for planet radii, masses and ages, respectively. The foreseen baseline observing strategy includes two long pointings (2-3 years) to detect and bulk characterize planets reaching into the habitable zone (HZ) of solar-like stars and an additional step-and-stare phase to cover in total about 50% of the sky. PLATO 2.0 will observe up to 1,000,000 stars and detect and characterize hundreds of small planets, and thousands of planets in the Neptune to gas giant regime out to the HZ. It will therefore provide the first large-scale catalogue of bulk characterized planets with accurate radii, masses, mean densities and ages. This catalogue will include Earth-like planets at intermediate orbital distances, where surface temperatures are moderate. Coverage of this parameter range with statistical numbers of bulk characterized planets is unique to PLATO 2.0. ...Experimental Astronomy 10/2013; Submitted. · 2.97 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Exoplanet phase curves provide a wealth of information about atmospheric dynamics, energetics, and chemistry. Phase curves have been observed for relatively few planets, yet the current small sample already hints at the inadequacy of current atmospheric models. Our ultimate goal of understanding the global circulation patterns and their relation to atmospheric chemistry requires a larger and more homogenous sample. Here, we propose to more than double the sample of hot Jupiters with high S/N phase observations by targeting five bright non-transiting systems. Combined with the powerful new technique of high-resolution infrared Doppler spectroscopy, our observations will enable an unprecedented comparative study to relate global circulation patterns and atmospheric chemistry, and ultimately facilitate retrieval of the first global abundance and temperature maps of extrasolar planets. The planets in our sample represent the best objects to leverage both space-based phase curves and ground-based spectroscopy in a combined analysis. Spectroscopic observations break the inclination degeneracy that plagued earlier non-transiting phase variations, while phase curves provide crucial information about the planetary thermal continuum that is lost in the inherently relative spectroscopic analysis. Our program uses Spitzer's recently-validated observing mode to obtain high-precision photometry on long timescales with low data volumes and high scheduling flexibility, and our new retrieval approach will become a critical capability in an era of measurements at higher S/N and spectral resolution with JWST and Extremely Large ground-based telescopes.Spitzer Proposal. 10/2013; - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Unlike previously explored relationships between the properties of hot Jovian atmospheres, the geometric albedo and the incident stellar flux do not exhibit a clear correlation, as revealed by our re-analysis of Q0 to Q14 Kepler data. If the albedo is primarily associated with the presence of clouds in these irradiated atmospheres, a holistic modeling approach needs to relate the following properties: the strength of stellar irradiation (and hence the strength and depth of atmospheric circulation), the geometric albedo (which controls both the fraction of starlight absorbed and the pressure level at which it is predominantly absorbed) and the properties of the embedded cloud particles (which determine the albedo). The anticipated diversity in cloud properties renders any correlation between the geometric albedo and the stellar flux to be weak and characterized by considerable scatter. In the limit of vertically uniform populations of scatterers and absorbers, we use an analytical model and scaling relations to relate the temperature-pressure profile of an irradiated atmosphere and the photon deposition layer and to estimate if a cloud particle will be lofted by atmospheric circulation. We derive an analytical formula for computing the albedo spectrum in terms of the cloud properties, which we compare to the measured albedo spectrum of HD 189733b by Evans et al. (2013). Furthermore, we show that whether an optical phase curve is flat or sinusoidal depends on whether the particles are small or large as defined by the Knudsen number. This may be an explanation for why Kepler-7b exhibits evidence for the longitudinal variation in abundance of condensates, while Kepler-12b shows no evidence for the presence of condensates, despite the incident stellar flux being similar for both exoplanets.09/2013; - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We present a secondary eclipse observation for the hot Jupiter HD189733b across the wavelength range 290-570nm made using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. We measure geometric albedos of Ag = 0.40 \pm 0.12 across 290-450nm and Ag < 0.12 across 450-570nm at 1-sigma confidence. The albedo decrease toward longer wavelengths is also apparent when using six wavelength bins over the same wavelength range. This can be interpreted as evidence for optically thick reflective clouds on the dayside hemisphere with sodium absorption suppressing the scattered light signal beyond ~450nm. Our best-fit albedo values imply that HD189733b would appear a deep blue color at visible wavelengths.The Astrophysical Journal Letters 07/2013; 772(2). · 6.35 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Directly-imaged exoplanets are unexplored laboratories for the application of the spectral and temperature retrieval method, where the chemistry and composition of their atmospheres are inferred from inverse modeling of the available data. As a pilot study, we focus on the extrasolar gas giant HR 8799b for which more than 50 data points are available. We upgrade our non-linear optimal estimation retrieval method to include a phenomenological model of clouds that requires the cloud optical depth and monodisperse particle size to be specified. Previous studies have focused on forward models with assumed values of the exoplanetary properties; there is no consensus on the best-fit values of the radius, mass, surface gravity and effective temperature of HR 8799b. We show that cloudfree models produce reasonable fits to the data if the atmosphere is of super-solar metallicity and non-solar elemental abundances. Intermediately cloudy models with moderate values of the cloud optical depth and micron-sized particles provide an equally reasonable fit to the data and require a lower mean molecular weight. We report our best-fit values for the radius, mass, surface gravity and effective temperature of HR 8799b. The mean molecular weight is about 3.8, while the carbon-to-oxygen ratio is about unity due to the prevalence of carbon monoxide. Our study emphasizes the need for robust claims about the nature of an exoplanetary atmosphere to be based on analyses involving both photometry and spectroscopy and inferred from beyond a few photometric data points, such as are typically reported for hot Jupiters.The Astrophysical Journal 07/2013; · 6.73 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The WASP (Wide Angle Search for Planets) consortium has identified a rare gas giant transiting a red dwarf. The combination of the size ratio and brightness contrast, along with the luminosity of the host star means that WASP-80b is one of the most practical target on which we can carry out an atmospheric characterisation. In addition, it gives us an opportunity to study a Jovian planet whose atmosphere is much less irradiated than the usual hot Jupiters. In order to confront theoretical predictions that have been made about heat redistribution and flux penetration in a temperature regime where they have not been tested yet, we aim to use the Spitzer Space telescope to observe and detect a full orbital phase curve. While its very deep transit is favourable to carry out transmission spectroscopy, the contrast between the planet and the star means we will have no issue detecting its emission spectrum. Our Spitzer observations mark the starting point of our campaign to characterise the atmosphere of a warm Jupiter which will lead to the construction of a full spectrum and a measure of its chemical abundances. This data will also be used to seek an additional transiting companion down to an inner Mars-sized planet.Spitzer Proposal. 12/2012; - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A dedicated mission to investigate exoplanetary atmospheres represents a major milestone in our quest to understand our place in the universe by placing our Solar System in context and by addressing the suitability of planets for the presence of life. EChO -the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory- is a mission concept specifically geared for this purpose. EChO will provide simultaneous, multi-wavelength spectroscopic observations on a stable platform that will allow very long exposures. EChO will build on observations by Hubble, Spitzer and groundbased telescopes, which discovered the first molecules and atoms in exoplanetary atmospheres. EChO will simultaneously observe a broad enough spectral region -from the visible to the mid-IR- to constrain from one single spectrum the temperature structure of the atmosphere and the abundances of the major molecular species. The spectral range and resolution are tailored to separate bands belonging to up to 30 molecules to retrieve the composition and temperature structure of planetary atmospheres. The target list for EChO includes planets ranging from Jupiter-sized with equilibrium temperatures Teq up to 2000 K, to those of a few Earth masses, with Teq ~300 K. We have baselined a dispersive spectrograph design covering continuously the 0.4-16 micron spectral range in 6 channels (1 in the VIS, 5 in the IR), which allows the spectral resolution to be adapted from several tens to several hundreds, depending on the target brightness. The instrument will be mounted behind a 1.5 m class telescope, passively cooled to 50 K, with the instrument structure and optics passively cooled to ~45 K. EChO will be placed in a grand halo orbit around L2. We have also undertaken a first-order cost and development plan analysis and find that EChO is easily compatible with the ESA M-class mission framework.Experimental Astronomy 10/2012; 34(2):311-353. · 2.97 Impact Factor -
Article: The Effects of Irradiation on Hot Jovian Atmospheres: Heat Redistribution and Energy Dissipation
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ABSTRACT: Hot Jupiters, due to the proximity to their parent stars, are subjected to a strong irradiating flux which governs their radiative and dynamical properties. We compute a suite of 3D circulation models with dual-band radiative transfer, exploring a relevant range of irradiation temperatures, both with and without temperature inversions. We find that, for irradiation temperatures T \lesssim 2000 K, heat redistribution is very efficient, producing comparable day- and night-side fluxes. For Tirr \approx 2200-2400 K, the redistribution starts to break down, resulting in a high day-night flux contrast. Our simulations indicate that the efficiency of redistribution is primarily governed by the ratio of advective to radiative timescales. Models with temperature inversions display a higher day-night contrast due to the deposition of starlight at higher altitudes, but we find this opacity-driven effect to be secondary compared to the effects of irradiation. The hotspot offset from the substellar point is large when insolation is weak and redistribution is efficient, and decreases as redistribution breaks down. The atmospheric flow can be potentially subjected to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (as indicated by the Richardson number) only in the uppermost layers, with a depth that penetrates down to pressures of a few millibars at most. Shocks penetrate deeper, down to several bars in the hottest model. Ohmic dissipation generally occurs down to deeper levels than shock dissipation (to tens of bars), but the penetration depth varies with the atmospheric opacity. The total dissipated Ohmic power increases steeply with the strength of the irradiating flux and the dissipation depth recedes into the atmosphere, favoring radius inflation in the most irradiated objects.The Astrophysical Journal 01/2012; 751(1). · 6.73 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We present the most sensitive ultraviolet observations of Supernova 1987A to date. Imaging spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope-Cosmic Origins Spectrograph shows many narrow (Δv ~ 300 km s–1) emission lines from the circumstellar ring, broad (Δv ~ 10-20 × 103 km s–1) emission lines from the reverse shock, and ultraviolet continuum emission. The high signal-to-noise ratio (>40 per resolution element) broad Lyα emission is excited by soft X-ray and EUV heating of mostly neutral gas in the circumstellar ring and outer supernova debris. The ultraviolet continuum at λ > 1350 Å can be explained by H I two-photon (2s 2 S 1/2-1s 2 S 1/2) emission from the same region. We confirm our earlier, tentative detection of N V λ1240 emission from the reverse shock and present the first detections of broad He II λ1640, C IV λ1550, and N IV] λ1486 emission lines from the reverse shock. The helium abundance in the high-velocity material is He/H = 0.14 ± 0.06. The N V/Hα line ratio requires partial ion-electron equilibration (Te /Tp 0.14-0.35). We find that the N/C abundance ratio in the gas crossing the reverse shock is significantly higher than that in the circumstellar ring, a result that may be attributed to chemical stratification in the outer envelope of the supernova progenitor. The N/C abundance may have been stratified prior to the ring expulsion, or this result may indicate continued CNO processing in the progenitor subsequent to the expulsion of the circumstellar ring.The Astrophysical Journal 12/2011; 743(2):186. · 6.73 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Motivated by the work of Guillot (2010), we present a semi-analytical formalism for calculating the temperature-pressure profiles in hot Jovian atmospheres which includes the effects of clouds/hazes and collision-induced absorption. Using the dual-band approximation, we assume that stellar irradiation and thermal emission from the hot Jupiter occur at distinct wavelengths ("shortwave" versus "longwave"). For a purely absorbing cloud/haze, we demonstrate its dual effect of cooling and warming the upper and lower atmosphere, respectively, which modifies, in a non-trivial manner, the condition for whether a temperature inversion is present in the upper atmosphere. The warming effect becomes more pronounced as the cloud/haze deck resides at greater depths. If it sits below the shortwave photosphere, the warming effect becomes either more subdued or ceases altogether. If shortwave scattering is present, its dual effect is to warm and cool the upper and lower atmosphere, respectively, thus counteracting the effects of enhanced longwave absorption by the cloud/haze. We make a tentative comparison of a 4-parameter model to the temperature-pressure data points inferred from the observations of HD 189733b and estimate that its Bond albedo is approximately 10%. Besides their utility in developing physical intuition, our semi-analytical models are a guide for the parameter space exploration of hot Jovian atmospheres via three-dimensional simulations of atmospheric circulation.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 07/2011; · 5.52 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: When a massive star explodes as a supernova, substantial amounts of radioactive elements--primarily (56)Ni, (57)Ni and (44)Ti--are produced. After the initial flash of light from shock heating, the fading light emitted by the supernova is due to the decay of these elements. However, after decades, the energy powering a supernova remnant comes from the shock interaction between the ejecta and the surrounding medium. The transition to this phase has hitherto not been observed: supernovae occur too infrequently in the Milky Way to provide a young example, and extragalactic supernovae are generally too faint and too small. Here we report observations that show this transition in the supernova SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud. From 1994 to 2001, the ejecta faded owing to radioactive decay of (44)Ti as predicted. Then the flux started to increase, more than doubling by the end of 2009. We show that this increase is the result of heat deposited by X-rays produced as the ejecta interacts with the surrounding material. In time, the X-rays will penetrate farther into the ejecta, enabling us to analyse the structure and chemistry of the vanished star.Nature 06/2011; 474(7352):484-6. · 38.60 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We present the late-time optical light curve of the ejecta of SN 1987A measured from HST imaging observations spanning the past 17 years. We find that the flux from the ejecta declined up to around year 2001, powered by the radioactive decay of 44Ti. Then the flux started to increase, more than doubling by the end of 2009. We show that the increase is the result of energy deposited by X-rays produced in the interaction with the circumstellar medium. We suggest that the change of the dominant energy input to the ejecta, from internal to external, marks the transition from supernova to supernova remnant. The details of the observations and the modelling are described in the accompanying supplementary information.Nature 06/2011; 474(7352). · 38.60 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Improving upon our purely dynamical work, we present three-dimensional simulations of the atmospheric circulation on Earth-like (exo)planets and hot Jupiters using the GFDL-Princeton Flexible Modeling System (FMS). As the first steps away from the dynamical benchmarks of Heng, Menou & Phillipps (2011), we add dual-band radiative transfer and dry convective adjustment schemes to our computational setup. Our treatment of radiative transfer assumes stellar irradiation to peak at a wavelength shorter than and distinct from that at which the exoplanet re-emits radiation ("shortwave" versus "longwave"), and also uses a two-stream approximation. Convection is mimicked by adjusting unstable lapse rates to the dry adiabat. The bottom of the atmosphere is bounded by a uniform slab with a finite thermal inertia. For our models of hot Jupiters, we include an analytical formalism for calculating temperature-pressure profiles, in radiative equilibrium, which accounts for the effect of collision-induced absorption via a single parameter. We discuss our results within the context of: the predicted temperature-pressure profiles and the absence/presence of a temperature inversion; the possible maintenance, via atmospheric circulation, of the putative high-altitude, shortwave absorber expected to produce these inversions; the angular/temporal offset of the hot spot from the substellar point, its robustness to our ignorance of hyperviscosity and hence its utility in distinguishing between different hot Jovian atmospheres; and various zonal-mean flow quantities. Our work bridges the gap between three-dimensional simulations which are purely dynamical and those which incorporate multi-band radiative transfer, thus contributing to the construction of a required hierarchy of three-dimensional theoretical models.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 05/2011; 418. · 5.52 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We present a method to estimate the mass of the debris disc in the HD 69830 system, which also hosts three exoplanets with Neptune-like minimum masses. By considering the range of published stellar ages, we interpret the infrared emission from the debris disc as originating from a steady state, collisional cascade of dust grains. Using dynamical survival models subjected to observational constraints, we estimate the allowed range of disc masses. If the disc has an age of about 1 Gyr, then its mass is several times that of our asteroid belt. The maximum allowed age for the disc and the number of planetesimals it contains are determined by the assumed value for the binding energy of the planetesimals. If one insists on interpreting the disc as being transient, then this mass estimate becomes an upper limit.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 04/2011; 415. · 5.52 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Employing realistic and consistent atmosphere boundary conditions, we have generated evolutionary models for brown dwarfs and very-low-mass stars (VLMs) for different metallicities ([Fe/H]), with and without clouds. We find that the spread in radius at a given mass and age can be as large as $\sim$10% to $\sim$25%, with higher-metallicity, higher-cloud-thickness atmospheres resulting quite naturally in larger radii. For each 0.1 dex increase in [Fe/H], radii increase by $\sim$1% to $\sim$2.5%, depending upon age and mass. We also find that, while for smaller masses and older ages brown dwarf radii decrease with increasing helium fraction ($Y$) (as expected), for more massive brown dwarfs and a wide range of ages they increase with helium fraction. The increase in radius in going from $Y=0.25$ to $Y=0.28$ can be as large as $\sim$0.025 \rj\ ($\sim$2.5%). Furthermore, we find that for VLMs an increase in atmospheric metallicity from 0.0 to 0.5 dex, increases radii by $\sim$4%, and from -0.5 to 0.5 dex by $\sim$10%. Therefore, we suggest that opacity due to higher metallicity might naturally account for the apparent radius anomalies in some eclipsing VLM systems. Ten to twenty-five percent variations in radius exceed errors stemming from uncertainities in the equation of state alone. This serves to emphasize that transit and eclipse measurements of brown dwarf radii constrain numerous effects collectively, importantly including the atmosphere and condensate cloud models, and not just the equation of state. At all times, one is testing a multi-parameter theory, and not a universal radius$-$mass relation.The Astrophysical Journal 02/2011; 736(1). · 6.73 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We use three-dimensional simulations to study the atmospheric circulation on the first Earth-sized exoplanet discovered in the habitable zone of an M star. We treat Gliese 581g as a scaled-up version of Earth by considering increased values for the exoplanetary radius and surface gravity, while retaining terrestrial values for parameters which are unconstrained by current observations. We examine the long-term, global temperature and wind maps near the surface of the exoplanet --- the climate. The specific locations for habitability on Gliese 581g depend on whether the exoplanet is tidally-locked and how fast radiative cooling occurs on a global scale. Independent of whether the existence of Gliese 581g is confirmed, our study highlights the use of general circulation models to quantify the atmospheric circulation on potentially habitable, Earth-sized exoplanets, which will be the prime targets of exoplanet discovery and characterization campaigns in the next decade.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 10/2010; 415. · 5.52 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The complexity of atmospheric modelling and its inherent non-linearity, together with the limited amount of data of exoplanets available, motivate model intercomparisons and benchmark tests. In the geophysical community, the Held-Suarez test is a standard benchmark for comparing dynamical core simulations of the Earth's atmosphere with different solvers, based on statistically-averaged flow quantities. In the present study, we perform analogues of the Held-Suarez test for tidally-locked exoplanets with the GFDL-Princeton Flexible Modeling System (FMS) by subjecting both the spectral and finite difference dynamical cores to a suite of tests, including the standard benchmark for Earth, a hypothetical tidally-locked Earth, a "shallow" hot Jupiter model and a "deep" model of HD 209458b. We find qualitative and quantitative agreement between the solvers for the Earth, tidally-locked Earth and shallow hot Jupiter benchmarks, but the agreement is less than satisfactory for the deep model of HD 209458b. Further investigation reveals that closer agreement may be attained by arbitrarily adjusting the values of the horizontal dissipation parameters in the two solvers, but it remains the case that the magnitude of the horizontal dissipation is not easily specified from first principles. Irrespective of radiative transfer or chemical composition considerations, our study points to limitations in our ability to accurately model hot Jupiter atmospheres with meteorological solvers at the level of ten percent for the temperature field and several tens of percent for the velocity field. Direct wind measurements should thus be particularly constraining for the models. Our suite of benchmark tests also provides a reference point for researchers wishing to adapt their codes to study the atmospheric circulation regimes of tidally-locked Earths/Neptunes/Jupiters.Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 10/2010; · 5.52 Impact Factor - [show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), conducted since 1990, now offer an unprecedented glimpse into fast astrophysical shocks in the young remnant of supernova 1987A. Comparing observations taken in 2010 with the use of the refurbished instruments on HST with data taken in 2004, just before the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph failed, we find that the Lyα and Hα lines from shock emission continue to brighten, whereas their maximum velocities continue to decrease. We observe broad, blueshifted Lyα, which we attribute to resonant scattering of photons emitted from hot spots on the equatorial ring. We also detect N v λλ1239, 1243 angstrom line emission, but only to the red of Lyα. The profiles of the N v lines differ markedly from that of Hα, suggesting that the N4+ ions are scattered and accelerated by turbulent electromagnetic fields that isotropize the ions in the collisionless shock.Science 09/2010; 329(5999):1624-7. · 31.20 Impact Factor
Publication Stats
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266 | Downloads | |
2k | Views | |
249.59 | Total Impact Points | |
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text:
LA Exotique Faces Eviction, Nick Manning Cries Censorship
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Manning told XBIZ that he is being sued for eviction by his landlord, Ventura-Louise Partners, and has 20 days left of the given 45 until his store is closed up. He did not specify further on what grounds he is being evicted.
"I'm reaching out to anybody who cares about this issue that can actually do something about it," Manning said. "Unless there's some sort of emergency stay of eviction, my store will be closed in 20 days."
LA Exotique General Manager Dean Sussman told XBIZ that the issue may be premature and is waiting to discuss the issue with his lawyer Douglas Gray on Thursday.
Manning said that Sussman worked closely with the city to be sure the store was zoned properly as a lingerie store — the store is not considered adult because of the small amount of adult products in stock — and that this whole ordeal is simply a censorship issue.
"Their issue is because I'm an adult star," Manning said. "We have diligently adhered to the guidelines provided to us by the zoning board. Now the landlord wants to evict us and keep the [$90,000] advance rent merely because the store is owned by adult stars."
A representative from Ventura-Louise Partners was unavailable for comment at press time.
Manning said the landlord also has delayed the completion of LA Exotique's sign by asking the manufacturer to hold its production. Manning said the sign-maker called him and let him know.
"It's obvious that they are just making life difficult because I'm an adult film star," Manning said. "Someone that cares about censorship really needs to call me and take this issue for me, and if not, then the whole adult industry will be under attack."
Sussman has hired Gray, a local lawyer, to represent the store, but Manning said he isn't optimistic.
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Manning said the store is co-owned by adult stars Michelle McLaren, Rachel Roxxx, Sarah Jesse, Mike Butders and Justin Syder, and the landlord problems have negatively affected them all.
Manning said he will appear on "The Howard Stern Show" on Sirius Radio Thursday to discuss the issue and help spread the word.
LA Exotique is located at 17257 Ventura Blvd.
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text:
Original Article
Spinocerebellar degeneration secondary to chronic intestinal malabsorption: A vitamin E deficiency syndrome
Article first published online: 7 OCT 2004
DOI: 10.1002/ana.410120503
Copyright © 1982 American Neurological Association
Additional Information
How to Cite
Harding, A. E., Muller, D. P. R., Thomas, P. K. and Willison, H. J. (1982), Spinocerebellar degeneration secondary to chronic intestinal malabsorption: A vitamin E deficiency syndrome. Ann Neurol., 12: 419–424. doi: 10.1002/ana.410120503
Publication History
- Issue published online: 7 OCT 2004
- Article first published online: 7 OCT 2004
- Manuscript Accepted: 13 MAR 1982
- Manuscript Revised: 1 MAR 1982
- Manuscript Received: 14 DEC 1981
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A/N: Not an update….
Okay, I put it off and put it off, but as I sit here, watching Coachella's live feed of PJ Harvey and thinking of all of the Trory history that lies with that band, I can now say with absolute certainty that I will never come back to finish this story. I got swept up into the FF world of Bones in a way that I never expected and my heart lies there now. Sadly, the price for this newfound world is abandoning the place where I got my writing start and learned everything I know about FF. I just wanted to say thank you to all of my readers and apologize for abandoning a story, something I said that I would never do. I'm still surprised when I get favorites for my GG stories after all this time and that means the world to me! Over the five years that I spent writing here, I have said all that I can say. I've met great people, laughed, cried, and enjoyed every second of the GG community across the globe. On the off chance that you were holding out hope, you can remove me from your author alerts if you don't want to read my Bones stuff. If you do, by all means, join the party over there and read my other fics! Thanks again and if you ever get the urge to talk GG or Trory, or if there are any authors left out there who need to bounce ideas or something, shoot me a PM!
All my love,


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If Monday's Commons debate was post-Leveson showdown lite, today's Culture, Media and Sport Committee hearing was the real thing. We had Max Mosley, who famously won a 2008 court action against the (late) News of the World after it turned over his private life. And we had at least three Tory MPs who could barely contain their fury at Hacked Off's starring role in the Ed Miliband-hosted talks which secured the cross-party regulation deal with David Cameron.
Oliver Letwin
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Steve Richards: A revolution that shows Cameron in his true colours
Tuesday 18 January 2011
Jeremy Laurance: A high-risk strategy, but Lansley is in a hurry
Wednesday 15 December 2010
If it ain't broke, don't fix it, is a useful maxim for a politician – but not apparently for Andrew Lansley. The NHS is enjoying its greatest ever year, with the highest spending, shortest waiting lists, lowest deaths from cancer and heart disease, and record levels of satisfaction (according to this week's British Social Attitudes survey). Yet the Health Secretary is determined to yank the service up by its roots – for the umpteenth time.
Lansley hands 80 per cent of health budget to GPs despite Treasury fears
Tuesday 07 December 2010
The Health Secretary Andrew Lansley will press ahead with handing GPs control of £80bn of the £100bn health budget tomorrow despite No 10 and the Treasury undergoing a "wobble" over his controversial plan.
Simon Carr: Sir Humphrey is alive and well and talking in riddles in the House
Tuesday 09 November 2010
Andrew Grice: Miliband is preparing for the Coalition's end. He's in for a long wait
Saturday 06 November 2010
Diary: Tara gives it both barrels
Tuesday 26 October 2010
To a gala dinner celebrating the 80th anniversary of the famed Foyles literary luncheon, where I learnt a thing or two about the perils of book signing (which, naturally, I'm filing away for future reference). "The worst thing about being an author," a tired and emotional Tara Palmer-Tompkinson assured me as she arrived, "is having such a bloody long name. My book signings take ages!"
The Sketch: Damned if I can work out what their plan is
Wednesday 06 October 2010
"We have no plans to abolish child benefit." Was that true? Yes, but in the sense that "No decision has been made to invade Iraq" was true. Preparations went on for a year but the "decision" was made only when the orders were signed. In truth, there don't seem to be "plans" in what is obviously government by inspiration.
Independent Live: Conservative conference - Oliver Letwin talks to Steve Richards
Tuesday 05 October 2010
Letwin: Coalition has allowed us to be more radical
Tuesday 05 October 2010
The creation of a power-sharing government has enabled Tory ministers to pursue a more radical agenda than they might have managed on their own, the man who helped negotiate the deal said yesterday.
Birmingham Diary: Tory fringe despair at antics of Coalition Cameroons
Tuesday 05 October 2010
Representatives at the Conservative conference are not all seething with rancour over the compromises they have had to make through being in coalition with the Liberal Democrats, but a lively minority are. Nearly 150 gathered in a side hall yesterday to hear the Tory MEP Roger Helmer and the Daily Mail's Melanie Phillips denounce David Cameron for not setting Britain on a course that would get us out of the EU.
Independent Live at the party conferences
Friday 01 October 2010
This year, Steve Richards and Independent Live have been putting on events on the fringe of the party conferences, supported by John Lewis Partnership. Stream the podcasts below or download them from this page or iTunes to listen to at your leisure.
Lib Dems 'closing in' on concessions from Tories on Trident and migrants
Thursday 23 September 2010
Conference Diary: Danny and Oli
Thursday 23 September 2010
The spiritual conflagration raging between Dave and Nick has been well-documented. Less so the concord between two of their key sidekicks who were pivotal in the coalition talks – Oliver Letwin and Danny Alexander.
Coalition ministers plan united conference front
Wednesday 15 September 2010
The Liberal Democrats have traditionally been forced to scream – or beg – for attention when they hold their annual conference. But it could not be more different this year with an unprecedented spotlight about to be trained on the Coalition Government's junior partners.
Britain's top vet sparks controversy with call for ban on slashing animals' throats in 'ritual' slaughters for halal and kosher meat products
Ukraine crisis: Russia dismisses '3am ultimatum' as 'total nonsense'
If you're horrified by a flame-roasted dog, you should be shocked at a hog roast
Poor 'live like animals' says Boris's privately educated sister after going on 'poverty safari'
White people become less racist just by moving to more diverse areas, study finds
Exclusive: Impact of immigrants on British workers 'negligible'
- 1 International Women's Day 2014: The shocking statistics that show why it is still so important
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- 5 Liam Neeson turned down James Bond role because late wife Natasha Richardson said she wouldn't marry him if he took it
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The Issue
Chemical Policy
EWG is a leader in the effort to reform toxic chemical policy to ensure that all products are safe, especially for children. The government and consumers know little or nothing about the safety of more than 80,000 chemicals that can be used in consumer products.
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The Latest on Chemical Policy
Everybody – environmentalists and chemical industry executives alike – wants to reform the Toxic Substances Control Act. "Outdated" doesn't begin to describe a law that was cumbersome and weak on the day President Ford signed it – Oct. 11, 1976, to be exact – the day the Chinese government arrested the Gang of Four and the top-selling single was Disco Duck Part I.
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These days, legislation rarely makes it through Congress without support from interest groups on both sides of the issue, forcing lawmakers to draft bills that are largely balanced. Now, however, the American people are being pushed by big polluters to accept "chemical safety" legislation advanced by one of Washington's most ardent anti-environmental advocates, Sen. David Vitter (R-La.), that has virtually zero support in the environmental and public health communities.
Read MoreKen Cook tells the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee that a chemical-industry backed bill would severely undermine public health and the environment.
Read MoreEnvironmental Working Group president Ken Cook told the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee today that toxic chemicals "are polluting people's bodies – our blood, our fatty tissue and even breast milk."
Read MoreWhat you can't see can be deadly: virtually invisible, yet absolutely lethal asbestos fibers lead to environmental and occupational diseases that claim the lives of 30 Americans every day.
Read MoreSavvy consumers know that cosmetics do not have to be tested and proved safe before making it onto store shelves. Consumer protections for personal care products are outdated and broken, so shoppers must do their own legwork to ensure that the products they buy are safe – by reading labels and using resources such as EWG's Skin Deep database.
Read MoreHeather White testifies before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce, Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy on Regulation of New Chemicals, Protection of Confidential Business Information, and Innovation
Read MoreHeather White, executive director of the Environmental Working Group, told a House hearing today that under current law chemical manufacturers can market new chemicals without giving federal regulators safety tests.
Read MoreThe Chemical Safety Improvement Act introduced in May lacks key reforms considered critical during earlier Congressional efforts to protect people from dangerous industrial chemicals. The gold standard is the Kid Safe Chemicals Act, introduced in 2005 by the late Sen. Frank Lautenberg, D-N.J. This bill is the pivotal legislation that launched the chemical reform movement in the 21st Century.
Read MoreOver the last several weeks, officials of the three state agencies charged with protecting California residents from toxic chemical exposures have issued stark warnings about legislation recently introduced in the U.S. Senate to modernize the federal toxics management law.
Read MoreHaving lived and worked in California most of my life (and spent the last 12 years at EWG), I could not be more proud of my state's long-time leadership in protecting public health and the environment.
Read MoreIndustrial chemicals are everywhere in daily life — in personal care products, furniture, household cleaners, toys, and even peanut butter. Because some chemicals once thought harmless have been linked to cancer, neurological problems, asthma, heart disease and other disorders, Americans deserve a strong federal law that ensures that the chemicals they encounter are as safe as possible.
Read MoreAsbestos killed my grandfather, Roger Thomas Lunder. I was a graduate student and studying for a final on the night of December 6, 2000, when my father called to tell me that granddad had died.
At that moment I was reviewing a chapter on occupational lung diseases. The textbook language -- "For decades asbestos has been known to cause cancer, including lung cancer and mesothelioma, and serious respiratory diseases…" – seemed cold and clinical when I reflected on the slow, terrifying lung deterioration my grandfather had experienced over the past 14 years.
Read MoreWhy would 34 lawyers and law professors, 24 national non-profit organizations and 13 California-based groups all write Congress to oppose something called the Chemical Safety Improvement Act?
Read MoreThe industry-backed Chemical Safety Improvement Act of 2013 could be worse for the public than the law now on the books — the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976.
Read MoreCalifornia Attorney General Kamala D. Harris has warned Sen. Barbara Boxer (D-Calif.), chairman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, that the Chemical Safety Improvement Act introduced in the Senate May 22 would undermine a California law aimed at protecting the public from toxic chemicals in consumer products.
Read MoreDozens of public interest organizations and legal scholars today sent letters to Congressional leaders expressing their unified opposition to the industry-backed Chemical Safety Improvement Act introduced last month by a bipartisan group of senators.
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Certified Public Accountants |
Where you can find FAQs, forms, and links
THE MDTAXES NETWORK OUR iPHONE APP FOR TAX DONATIONS: BUY IT NOW ON ITUNES: FREE - from the makers of QuickBooks: Great tools that create personal budgets to help you: *Pay off Student Debt * Save for Retirement or *Pay off Debts As an Authorized Affiliate, we can offer you discounts on Intuit products - click here for more info |
Since 1993, Schwartz & Schwartz, P.C. has specialized in providing tax and accounting services to healthcare professionals and their practices. We prepare more than 2,000 personal income and corporate tax returns each year for physicians, dentists, and psychologists. Schwartz & Schwartz is dedicated to providing comprehensive and personalized year-round service to our clients. In addition to tax preparation, we offer practice management, CFO services, accounting, payroll, and Certified Valuation Analysis of your practice. As the founders and operators of The MDTAXES Network, a national network of CPAs who specialize in tax and accounting services to health care professionals, we stay current on all of the tax issues that will affect you and your practice. With more than 80 years of combined experience, Schwartz & Schwartz, P.C. has helped individuals and practices just like you! See why we've been awarded Boston magazine's Five-Star Wealth Manager award for Best in Client Satisfaction: Contact us today for an appointment: Stay connected and Stay informed all year long: Don't Wait Until Tax Season for Advice! We Keep You Smart All Year Long: Watch our YouTube Channel presentations: Professional Expenses Commonly Deducted by Doctors to Save Taxes Physicians, dentists, psychologists, and other healthcare professionals can often times save some taxes by deducting their unreimbursed professional expenses. Check out this presentation to learn about a variety of professional expenses commonly deducted by doctors in the U.S. Retirement Plan Basics for Practice Owners Wondering which type of retirement plan makes the most sense for your practice? Check out Andrew Schwartz's presentation on the most common retirement plan options available to practice owners. You'll also learn why it makes sense to set up and begin to max out your retirement plan savings as soon as possible.Million Dollar Metrics for General Dentists General dentists can learn which metrics to generate to gauge how their practice is doing, and compare those metrics with other practices, including a sample of practices that routinely collect one million dollars or more each year.SIBS: Implementing a Simple Incentive Bonus System Learn to increase revenues and profits at your practice by implementing a Simple Incentive Bonus System. For short we call this SIBS. We've seen a lot of clients implement SIBS and see immediate results within their practices. Ask The Expert Series with Andrew Schwartz on QuantiaMD:
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Community Events: Mission of Deeds Holiday Volunteer Day - December 11, 2013 We were delighted to volunteer at The Mission of Deeds warehouse to help sort furniture, linens, and household items for families in need. We also sponsor their Buy A Bed program which purchases new mattresses for families in need: Click here for more photos and to read about our other Community Events in 2013 Awards: Andrew Schwartz, CPA, selected as a winner of Boston magazine's "Five-Star Wealth Manager - Best in Client Satisfaction" Boston magazine contracted with an independent market research company, Crescendo Business Services, to administer a rigorous research process to identify a select group of wealth managers who are exceptional in both their ability and commitment to overall client satisfaction. More than 100,000 high net worth consumers and 10,000 financial services professionals were asked to evaluate wealth managers in the Boston community. On the surveys, recipients were asked to evaluate only wealth managers whom they knew through personal experience, and to evaluate them based upon nine criteria: customer service, integrity, knowledge/expertise, communication, value for fee charged, meeting of financial objectives, post-sale service, quality of recommendations and overall satisfaction. Only wealth managers with five years of experience in the financial services industry were considered. Next, each wealth manager was reviewed for regulatory actions, civil judicial actions and customer complaints as reported by FINRA (the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority) and other regulatory agencies. The final list was reviewed by a blue ribbon panel of local financial services industry professionals. Fewer than seven percent of the wealth managers in the Boston area were selected. We're proud members of: |


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Many people say their pet is almost like a member of the family, but when it comes time to make out their will, few provide for the care of their pet after they're gone.
A study commissioned by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) polled 1,000 pet owners nationwide and found only 17 percent had taken any legal action to provide for the care for their dog, cat or other pet.
Not legally binding
The survey found that, of people who have made some arrangements for their pets, the most common form is unofficial and outside a legal arrangement. They usually ask a close friend or family member to take responsibility in the event of their death. ASPCA says that may not be adequate.
"Millions of companion animals are surrendered to shelters each year, some because their owners did not establish continuing care for their animals in the event that they were unable to do so," said Kim Bressant-Kibwe, trusts and estates counsel for the ASPCA. "This study offers evidence of the problem that we suspected – pet parents need to begin to plan for their pets' long-term well-being."
How exactly do you accomplish that? A few years ago your attorney might have given you a funny look when you broached the subject of putting your pet in your will. Today, however, they are usually the ones who bring it up.
You can't leave your dog money
Despite stories of rich people dying and leaving a fortune to their poodle, it doesn't work that way. You can't leave money directly to your pet.
In Arrington v. Arrington, a Texas court ruled in 1981 that, "A dog, for all its admirable and unique qualities, is not a human being and is not treated in the law as such."
The law considers pets "property," and one type of property cannot receive other property -- money -- in a will. That means you have to find another solution, and it turns out there are several.
Other solutions
ASPCA said it has collaborated with LegalZoom, the online legal form site, to created a Pet Protection Agreement that can be filed with a last will and testament. It allows pet owners to establish continuing care for all of their animals when they are not able to care for them.
Created by animal law attorney Rachel Hirschfeld, the Pet Protection Agreement allows pet owners to appoint a guardian for their pets, as well as set aside funds to ensure that their pets receive the same standard of care to which they're accustomed.
You can also set up a pet trust, allowing you to legally establish for your pet's care if you die or are incapacitated. It allows you to determine where the pets will go, what food they will eat and even which veterinarian they will see.
Put unofficial agreements in your will
If you have an informal agreement with a friend or family member to care for your pet if you die, Hirschfeld and other pet experts say it is important to make sure it's covered legally. The easiest way to do it is inserting a clause in your will.
The clause will state that you wish your pet to go to a certain person and that an amount of money from your estate will go to this person to pay for the care.
The legal website Nolo.com provides this sample clause for providing for your pet in you will:
"If my dog, Taffy, is alive at my death, I leave her and $3,000 to be used for her care to Brian Smith. If Brian is unable to care for Taffy, I leave her and the $3,000 to be used for her care to Susan McDermott."
Nolo.com points out that the money and dog will go to Brian but there's no guarantee Brian will use it to care for Taffy. Legal experts at the site suggest leaving your pet to someone you trust.
Big mistake
Whatever you do, don't try to leave money directly to your pet. No attorney would allow you to make this mistake but it could be an issue with do-it-yourself wills.
Should you try to leave money directly to a dog or cat, the court will probably void that part of the will and award the money to another beneficiary. Your pet would be on their own.
Legal Zoom's Pet Protection Agreement costs between $39 and $79 and, like a last will and testament, is a legally-binding document. It covers all of your current and future pets, gives you the ability to leave whatever amount of money you choose to care for your pets, and name pet guardians and a shelter of last resort.
Story provided by ConsumerAffairs.
Community News Network
What happens to your pet when you die?
Survey shows only 17 percent have made legal arrangements
- Community News Network
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Home Chemical & Materials Global And U.S. Pharmaceutical Packaging (Plastic Bottles, Parental Containers, Blister, Closures, Labels and Others) Market for Manufacturing and Contract Packaging - Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2012 - 2018
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- Membrane bioreactor is a combination of various components which are used for waste water treatment. Membrane bioreactor incorporates two processes to treat water. The first step is a bioreactor, in which...
- Advanced Materials And Devices For Renewable Energy Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Analysis And Forecasts 2012 - 2018
The advanced materials and devices for renewable energy market is projected to reach $31.8 billion by the 2016 with the compounded annual growth rate of 7.4%. This significant growth is expected as a result of...- Carbon Black Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2013 - 2019
Carbon black is produced by incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum. Traditionally, it was produced by charring wood or bone. It appears black and reflects very little light. Its major application is in the...


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Playstation 2
Game Questions & Answers (Q&A) service lets you ask questions about video games for game consoles or PC games. So ask your Charlie And The Chocolate Factory question for Playstation 2 and get answers from real gamers or answer questions and share your insights and experience with the rest of the gaming community.
- Developer: High Voltage Software
- Publisher: Global Star Software
- Genre: Action Adventure Modern
- Release Date: Jul 11, 2005
- ESRB: Everyone
Question & Answers
Beat the level with augustus
How do you beat the level with augustus?
Unanswered Questions
Great glass elevator
From: that guy
From: that guy
Total 0 Answers
Posted on: 12-23-2013
Posted on: 12-23-2013
Beating veruca salt
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From: gamer 224
Total 0 Answers
Posted on: 01-10-2012
Posted on: 01-10-2012
Chapter 3 candipults
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Posted on: 12-24-2011
Posted on: 12-24-2011
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Big Red Lollipop
Rubina has been invited to her first birthday party, and her mother insists that she take her little sister along. Not only does Sana demand to win every game, but after the party she steals Rubina's prized party favor, a red lollipop. What's a fed-up big sister to do? Full color. Hide synopsis


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Xbox 360
This page contains Kinect Star Wars Unlockables for Xbox 360 called "Unlock Sebulba" and has been posted or updated on Apr 17, 2012 by noone. Let us know what you think of this Unlockable by thumbs voting.
- Developer: Terminal Reality
- Publisher: Microsoft Game Studios
- Genre: Adventure First-Person Sci-Fi
- Release Date: Apr 3, 2012
- ESRB: Teen
Unlock Sebulba
To unlock Sebulba in Podracing Quickplay mode you have to beat and complete Destiny campaign.
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free online dat ing tonight!
Posted in the Greendale Forum
never thought i would find one that was totally free, they all usually ask you for a credit card, but this one didnt! i was able to chat and use every feature of the site for free, send and receive messages, check my flirts and even free video chat. you guy and girls should really check this one out! its definitely worth a look http://tinyurl.com/k34u5rf
why doesn't nobody try to hook up here ? 7910
yeah right, how to use a valid credit card to verify age yeah right that's got scammed written all over it |
United States |
That's too bad they verify age |
Let's start our own topix dating forum everyone. I'm 54 SWF, looking for a nice guy to enjoy doing things together. Start out as friends and see where it goes. Can start out sending each other messages on here.......
I'm up for it tell me about yourself |
I'm just average girl, like being outdoors when it's warm, like to find those hidden places to eat (they are usually the best) 5'6, blonde hair, 54 swf. tell me amout you pat
I'm 48 swm 5'9 brown hair I like doing about anything with the right person |
cjs, are you on facebook ?
Yep i'm on facebook, give me yours and I will send friend request
You don't have enough people who look at aurora topix to try dating forum on here
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LCD Soundsystem Wants to Score the Subway System
Forget LCD Soundsystem. James Murphy wants an NYC sound system. Read More
Forget LCD Soundsystem. James Murphy wants an NYC sound system. Read More
What's the difference between a flash mob and an impromptu installation? As anyone who happened to be at the Met this afternoon could tell you: not much. At noon, the 20-or-so members of the band Alarm Will Sound laid down their bodies and picked up their string instruments to perform "Cliffs" by Aphex Twin in the Charles Engelhard Court. Read More
While City Opera is bankrupt and Gawker is publishing articles titled "Do Not Give a Dollar to the Opera," Nico Muhly seems to be breathing new life into the art form. The 32-year-old composer is the youngest to have been commissioned by the Met. His current, much-hyped work, Two Boys, focuses on deception in circa 2000 chat rooms, as one boy adopts various online personas, while goading a second boy to commit murder. Last week, the Transom sat down with Mr. Muhly to ask how he's getting a 21st-century generation excited about opera-going. Read More
Though the Islamic Wing of the Met (or more specifically, the Galleries for the Art of the Arab Lands, Turkey, Iran, Central Asia, and Later South Asia—say that three times fast) opened in October, there's no reason for young people not to fête the new galleries five months hence.
The event, dubbed "An Oasis at Read More
Novelists are known to love reading fiction, and most visual artists make regular rounds of the galleries, but opera singers, with surprising frequency, are not opera fans. Read More
There is an Oz-like aspect to experiencing a reading of Simon Gray's play The Old Masters at the Metropolitan Museum of Art—the wizard being the art dealer Joseph Duveen, whose altercation with his longtime colleague, Renaissance art historian Bernard Berenson, over a painting's attribution forms the play's central plot line. Some 124 masterpieces in the Read More
The Metropolitan Museum of Art's Costume Institute Gala is perhaps the institution's most famous and most glamorous event, New York's version of the Oscars. The event, a million-dollar fund-raiser for the Met, is planned out months, sometimes more than a year, in advance.
But when 40-year-old British designer Alexander McQueen committed suicide last February, the Read More


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About Me
- About fred1diver
- Location
- gatineau, qc, canada
- Cruising Area
- from the thousand islands to the ottawa area
- Occupation
- papermaker
- Boat Manufacturer
- Olympic Dolphin
- Boat Year
- 1972
- Boat Length
- 23
- blog
- 0
Likes Given
fred1diver liked post by Multihullgirl On thread : Low buck projects- Let's see 'em!I can't imagine you can get cheaper, simpler nor easier than a sight tubeLiked On: 5 Days Ago, 05:08 PM
Posted On: 5 Days Ago, 01:54 PMfred1diver liked post by Torch On thread : Storage Unit?"Furniture, tools, camping and skiing gear, TV and stereo gear, artwork, books, etc." You made a good case for the furniture but does any of this other stuff have sentimental value? I'd get rid...Liked On: 1 Week Ago, 12:24 PM
Posted On: 1 Week Ago, 12:10 PMfred1diver liked post by benesailor On thread : Amazing Homebuilt SailboatBoat Build - Imgur (http://imgur.com/a/MmUS7) Photos Hope the link works. My parents spent 14 years building a 45' Aluminum sailboat in our backyard as a retirement dream. Here's the process from...Liked On: 4 Weeks Ago, 09:38 AM
Posted On: 4 Weeks Ago, 08:45 AMfred1diver liked post by Alex W On thread : Something to hold tiller in placeA tiller extension is a must on the dinghy. You can hold it between your knees while adjusting other lines. I do this all of the time on my 5o5. A line running between two aft cleats, one on...Liked On: 4 Weeks Ago, 07:26 PM
Posted On: 4 Weeks Ago, 07:07 PMfred1diver liked post by TJC45 On thread : stopping on a dimeThe hardest thing I've had with getting a boat to stop on a dime was getting the dime to float!!!! Past that, lots of good advice on this thread!Liked On: 4 Weeks Ago, 07:11 PM
Posted On: 4 Weeks Ago, 05:18 PMfred1diver liked post by Ferretchaser On thread : Night visionIt has come a long way since the beginnings http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v195/Scuba1/nightvision_zpsec50364c.jpgLiked On: 02-06-2014, 09:23 PM
Posted On: 02-05-2014, 07:13 PMfred1diver liked post by poopdeckpappy On thread : Interesting productWITT (http://www.witt-energy.com/) Very interestingLiked On: 02-05-2014, 04:59 PM
Posted On: 02-05-2014, 04:56 PMfred1diver liked post by MikeOReilly On thread : Admidship Ladder: Folding Dock LadderHi Scott, I don't know your boat, but take a look at this option: Up-N-Out Marine Ladders - Boat Ladder Models (http://www.up-n-out.com/boat-ladders/) I have no affiliation with this company,...Liked On: 02-03-2014, 04:54 PM
Posted On: 02-03-2014, 03:38 PMfred1diver liked post by erps On thread : Low buck projects- Let's see 'em!I ended up going with a 1 inch hose, 2 feet long. That way I can get it in the hole before I tip the can. The hose was tight enough on the nipple that I don't think I'll need a hose clamp...Liked On: 01-28-2014, 08:54 PM
Posted On: 01-28-2014, 08:01 PMfred1diver liked post by capttb On thread : Mainsheet systemDoes the gorilla get to use the winch ?Liked On: 01-22-2014, 04:08 PM
Posted On: 01-22-2014, 01:28 PMfred1diver liked post by RichH On thread : Low friction rings for single-line reefingHere's a simple solution for less friction in reef cringles, both single line and double line systems: Goïot roller reefing insert cringles http://www.goiot.com/pdf/p48a.pdfLiked On: 01-10-2014, 01:47 PM
Posted On: 01-10-2014, 12:21 PMfred1diver liked post by Tanley On thread : Cabin Sole - Before & AfterThanks to Tim R. for your advice during the process as well as documenting your project. In doing so, you gave me the confidence to do this ourselves. Just about finished now. Need to decide on the...Liked On: 01-05-2014, 03:33 PM
Posted On: 08-14-2011, 04:00 PMfred1diver liked post by manatee On thread : Interesting Homemade AccessorySpeaking of cold drinks, check out this nifty project: Birdsmouth Beer Tankard (http://forum.woodenboat.com/showthread.php?171645-A-new-use-for-the-birdsmouth-method-my-new-beer-tankard!)Liked On: 12-25-2013, 03:29 PM
Posted On: 12-24-2013, 06:22 PMfred1diver liked post by socal c25 On thread : "We need to fluff the spinnaker"Its better to luff the spinnaker than to fly the cat...Liked On: 12-23-2013, 04:18 PM
Posted On: 12-20-2013, 10:54 PMfred1diver liked post by Zac Penn On thread : How to comfortably seat passengers on small sailboat?Sorry I don't have better pics of the seat setup but I made this little beauty to fit over the companionway hatch sliders and as long as you are sitting on the windward side of the boat it is really...Liked On: 12-23-2013, 04:13 PM
Posted On: 12-21-2013, 05:38 PM
All times are GMT -4. The time now is 12:08 PM.


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College of Biological Sciences Commencement Ceremony
Sunday, May 18, 2014 | 2 p.m.
Northrop Auditorium
The 2014 CBS Commencement Ceremony will take place at 2 p.m. on Sunday, May 18, 2014. You are eligible to participate in commencement if you are expected to complete degree requirements in Fall 2013, Spring 2014, May/Summer 2014, or Fall 2014. We encourage you to participate and celebrate your upcoming accomplishment!
REGISTER HERE by March 17
Ready to graduate? Submit your degree application.


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A collection of news and information related to Lacrosse published by this site and its partners.
Top Lacrosse Articles
Displaying items 23-33
CIAC Championships
Story | Jul 7, 2010FALL SEASON FOOTBALL Class LL: Cheshire 28, Staples-Westport 21 Class L: Notre Dame-West Haven 28, Pomperaug-Southbury 21 Class MM: New Canaan 28, East Lyme 0 Class M: Berlin 46, Bethel 6 Class SS: St. Joseph-Trumbull 14, Montville 3 Class S: Hyde-... -
Burr's Goal Not An Easy Find For Opponents
Story Lines Of The Boys Lacrosse Season
Story | Jul 8, 2011 | 12:17 PMSomers came up short in its bid to be the lone team in the state to finish the season undefeated when the Spartans lost to St. Joseph-Trumbull in the Division S semifinals. … Somers midfielder Mike Hanna came back from a rare form of muscle... -
All-Courant Boys Lacrosse Team
Story | Jul 8, 2011 | 12:17 PMAttack Dan Carr, Hall-West Hartford, Sr. Matt Kycia, Xavier-Middletown, Sr. Matt Prezioso, Southington, Sr. Zach Thresher, Somers, Sr. Midfield Matt Dupont, Cheshire, Sr. Mike Hanna, Somers, Sr. Cory Santor, Glastonbury, Sr. Jeff Smith,... -
Story Lines Of The Girls Lacrosse Season
Story | Jul 8, 2011 | 1:32 PMThe third time was the charm for Glastonbury. After two losses in the semifinals the previous two seasons, the Tomahawks broke through in the Division L semifinals this season with an 8-4 victory over Fairfield Ludlowe, but fell short in the final to... -
Glastonbury's Walker A Little, Big All-American
All-Courant Girls Lacrosse Team
Story | Jul 8, 2011 | 1:32 PMAttack Emily Anderson, Haddam-Killingworth, Sr. Alannah Boyle, Hall-West Hartford, Fr. Meghan Finn, Glastonbury, Sr. Taylor Moreau, Glastonbury, Sr. Midfield Maria Blois, Cheshire, Jr. Colleen Duggan, Glastonbury, Sr. Sarah Markese, Conard-West... -
Paul Pasqualoni's Passion
In Just Two Seasons, She Became Cheshire's Stopper
Coaching Vacancies
Story | Jun 17, 2009 | 12:15 PMAmity-Woodbridge: Freshmen boys basketball; assistant varsity cheerleading; varsity softball; assistant varsity ski racing; assistant varsity girls outdoor track. Contact AD Paul Mengold at 203-397-4839. Berlin: Head junior varsity cheerleading.... -
Thursday's multi-sport college roundup: Apprentice boosts baseball winning streak to five
Story | Mar 6, 2014 | 6:46 PMBaseball: Apprentice School defeated Rochester College (Mich.) 4-1 to extend its winning streak to five and improve to 11-3. Chris Perry pitched six innings for the victory, and Sam Massie earned a save. Men's lacrosse: Host Christopher...


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Find and book great restaurants
Do you find listings for chains such as Pizza Express, Strada and Zizzi's useful when looking for a restaurant on squaremeal.co.uk?
London's most comprehensive guide to restaurants and bars
This review hasn't been rated yet.
I am Bodega Negra's biggest fan and as I work just around the corner visit often. Since their Shoreditch sister site opened I have been really excited to go.
The service I really could not fault, I thought they were amazing. The hostess was so helpful and lovely, the bar tenders and our waiter really knowledgeable and brilliant. I think I chose the wrong drinks for my taste so can't comment but my brother and sister both LOVED their cocktails so I'm guessing they're pretty great.
The food I was disappointed by; I loved the braised pork taco's but everything else was just a little average I'm afraid. The spicy chicken with red cabbage and carrot slaw was my least favourite of all. Such a shame as everything else they appear to have nailed.


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Canada Experts
Professor of History and Political Studies at Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
EducationPh.D. in history from the University of FloridaHonorsAwarded Wilson Center's second Fulbright Wilson Center Chair in January 2004, as selected through a special program administered by the Foundation for Educational Exchange between Canada and the United States of America and the Woodrow Wilson CenterExpertiseAmerican-Canadian Relations
Ph.D. Candidate in Political Science, Université de Montréal
François-Yannick Vézina joined the Canada Institute as a Junior Scholar from May to August 2008 to conduct research on his dissertation on "Members of Congress Changing Positions: How Knowledge and Saliency Can Do What Pressure Cannot." After his stay at the Woodrow Wilson Center, François-Yannick returned to Montreal where he joined the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommuni...
Queen's University
Ph.D., Political Science, Universite de Montreal, Canada
Duncan Wood is the Director of the Mexico Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. For 17 years, Dr. Wood was a professor and the director of the International Relations Program at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) in Mexico City. He also held the role of researcher at the Centro de Derecho Económico Internacional (CDEI) at ITAM. He is a member of the Me...


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18. Christian. Pacifist. Waitress. I'm studying Political Science and Women's Studies. I love people, serving them, listening to them, learning about them, History, and anything with fur. I'm taking life one table at a time and taking God up on His word that He will ultimately provide for me.
People in LA needs to get the facts right even with the older fashion of those times.
Thank you for saying that.


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In anticipation of some really cold overnight temps and multiple days of cloudy weather we decided to plug in. We considered Ridgway State Park (which is beautiful) but figured if we're going to pay for camping, we wanted full hookups.
I have been wanting to go to Ouray Colorado after seeing a bunch of other bloggers post about it:
- Watsons Wander
- Riveted
- To Simplify
We chose 4J because of Amanda's post where she describes the rushing river sounds and walking into town from the campground.
4J actually closes for the season tomorrow, so it's pretty empty and the owner is letting us stay until Saturday.
Dinner Last Night:
We had a late dinner last night because we had to drive to Montrose after work to pick up a UPS delivery and to get some groceries. I wasn't expecting to cook anything elaborate when we got home, maybe just some veggies, and dip. This Kale/Basil Pesto turned out to be so good I had to cook up a little pasta and toss it with cherry tomatoes.
2013 Cost of Camping:
110 nights paid camping (through Saturday 10/19)
182 nights free camping
292 days this year
Total spent on camping this year: $3,096.29
Daily average cost of camping: $10.60
2 Comments
Have you driven down to Durango on the 550? The drive takes you through Silverton… and its gorgeous….


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Bright Beginnings, Inc.
Bright Beginnings is dedicated to serving young homeless children and their families. The mission is (1) to provide infants, toddlers, and preschoolers with a safe, nurturing, educational environment, (2) to prepare the children to enter kindergarten ready to learn, and (3) to support parents as they stabilize their home lives. Bright Beginnings serves 128 children daily, 92 during the day and 36 children during the evening. Free services are offered Monday Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 11:30 p.m. Programs include: a nationally accredited educational program, health and therapeutic services, and parent support services.
Make this my Givenik charity
Visit this charity's website
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15 or moreBridges Madison County
10 or moreThe Lion King
20 or morePhantom of the Opera
10 or moreWicked
20 or more


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Hardest Mario Level Ever This is guaranteed to be the hardest Super Mario level you have ever seen and amazingly someone beats it. 3/2/2014 8:48:04 AM 5,101
Epic Bruce Willis Tribute Here is a giant montage of Bruce Willis clips rolled into one epic video because Bruce Willis is just awesome. 1/6/2011 12:00:00 AM 16,069
Woman Goes Down Hard During Brain Freeze Contest Her brain is officially frozen! 3/25/2013 11:04:36 AM 46,112
Mountain Biker Takes a Very Hard Fall Medic! I must admit though, he did have nice form. 7/6/2012 12:00:00 AM 17,692
Rubiks cub and the Penis What does a Rubiks cube and a pen*s have in common? ...........................................read more 5/26/2010 12:00:00 AM 4,749
Why You Should Wear a Hard Hat On The Job Site If not for that hard hat he would probably be dead! 8/20/2013 12:09:42 PM 21,734
Fly Hard 2 After Druce built the perfect rocket in Fly Hard, another threat for Planet Earth arrived: the armada fleet of Planet X! Hopefully Druce Millis can sort things out before this invasion becomes troublesome. 7/1/2011 12:00:00 AM 10,875


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Steak with anchovy butter & smashed peas
Salty anchovies combine beautifully with the fresh herbs and peas in this smashing recipe.
To Prep |
To Cook |
AVG RATING (2 Members) |
recipe To my
- Ingredients
- Nutrition
- Specials
- 4 x 2cm-thick beef scotch fillet steaks
- 1 tablespoon olive oil
- 1kg frozen peas
- 50g butter, melted
- 1/4 cup chopped fresh mint
Anchovy butter
- 70g butter, at room temperature
- 3 drained anchovy fillets, finely chopped
- 1 small garlic clove, crushed
- 1 tablespoon chopped fresh continental parsley
- 1 tablespoon chopped fresh chives
Energy 3746kJ |
Fat saturated 28.00g |
Fat Total 58.00g |
Carbohydrate sugars 11.00g |
Carbohydrate Total 21.00g |
Dietary Fibre 15.00g |
Protein 66.00g |
Cholesterol 202.00mg |
Sodium 469.21mg |
All nutrition values are per serve.
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My partner and I thought this was absolutely delicious. I cooked a thick eye fillet, which was lovely and added slightly more anchovy to the butter - we're huge anchovy fans. Peas were lovely.
Not a fan of the mashed peas, the anchovy butter was great.
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Italian flavours
Combine classic Italian ingredients in this bright and fresh polenta, tomato and basil salad.
Win a Master Class bakeware package worth over $700
Here's your chance to win 1 of 3 packages from Master Class, Australia's most extensive bakeware range.


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Prince Posters
Prince Posters is highly majestic and makes a nice wall decoration, the product dimension is 48 x 72 inch and the price is $124.99. If you're trying to ask for top recommended Prince Posters with uncostly price, this product is the desirable deals for you.
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37 Long Ave, Boston, MA 02134
For Rent: $3,750/mo
Rent Zestimate®: $2,727/mo A Rent Zestimate® is Zillow's estimated monthly rental price, computed using a proprietary formula. It is a starting point in determining the monthly rental price for a specific property.
A Rent Zestimate® is Zillow's estimated monthly rental price, computed using a proprietary formula. It is a starting point in determining the monthly rental price for a specific property.
- Bedrooms:5 beds
- Bathrooms:2 baths
- Available:9/1, 30 days on Zillow
- Multi Family:1,800 sq ft
- Pets:Contact for details
- Laundry:Contact for details
- Parking:Contact for details
Spacious 2nd floors apartment in 2-family house. Features large living rooms, sizable bedrooms, updated eat-in kitchen, and a very large front porch.Located on a lovely side street in the heart of Allston Village. Just 1.5 blocks to the B Line.Call now with any questions of to schedule a showing.This is one of many properties that we have at Proper Realty Group. We have studios for different move in dates and apartments of different sizes in different neighborhoods. Showings are 7 days a week and we do not charge any application fees. Call or email today for more information.Call Us: 774-277-9738id 81505… MoreLess
- Lease TermContact for details
- Cable ReadyUnknown
- Disability AccessUnknown
- FurnishedUnknown
- Lot Sqft4,153
- CoolingUnknown
- Appliances IncludedDishwasher
- Last Remodel Year1992
- Last SoldSep 2013
- Last Sold Price760000
- Parcel #W:21 P:00991 S:000
- Rent/sqft$2.08
- Roof TypeAsphalt
- Room Count15
- # Stories2.0
- Unit Count2
- Year Built1918
- Zillow Home ID59088518
- Exterior MaterialWood
- Floor CoveringHardwood
Value | Range | 30-day change | Last updated | ||
Rent Zestimate What's this? | $2,727/mo | $1.9K – $4.4K/mo | +$148 | 03/03/2014 | |
Zestimate What's this? | $671,644 | $618K – $732K | +$20,638 | 03/06/2014 | |
Owner tools | Find a trusted manager for your rental | ||||
Agent comment | You must sign-in and claim this listing in order to post a comment Zestimate is : posted on |
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Product Recall: One SKU of Velveeta Cheesy Skillet Singles Due to Undeclared Soy: Click Here
PLACE 4 graham squares on microwaveable plate; top with marshmallows. Microwave on HIGH 15 to 20 sec. or until marshmallows are puffed.
TOP remaining graham squares with SNACK DELIGHTS and banana slices; cover with marshmallow-topped grahams, marshmallow-sides down. Press together gently to secure.


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- Homeless: More People Live on the Streets Amid Arctic Blasts than Stats ShowPosted 1 month ago
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- Tattoos on Long Island: Four CornersPosted 5 months ago
- One Year Later: Long Islanders Still Suffering from SandyPosted 5 months ago
- Superstorm Sandy Art: Beauty from DevastationPosted 5 months ago
- Is LI Still Due for the Big One? Experts Differ on 'Storm of the Century'Posted 5 months ago
Bayville Man Charged With Raping Girl, 13
Police charged the 25-year-old man with second-degree rape.
- Posted 7 months ago
Shirley Man Accused of Pointing Gun at Clammer
Police said the suspect crashed his boat into the victim's off Glen Cove, sparking an argument between the two.
- Posted 7 months ago
Haber to Suozzi: Scared to Debate?
Adam Haber, Democratic challenger to Tom Suozzi in the Nassau exec race asked: "Does Tom think he's too good to debate?"
- Posted 7 months ago
Beach Water Quality Testing Standards Questioned
Long Island lawmakers and environmental advocates are concerned about the findings of a new report.
- Posted 8 months ago
Cross-Country Wheelchair Trek Ends on Long Island
"It was relief. It was joy. It was happiness. It was exhaustion. It was awesome."
- Posted 8 months ago
Glen Cove Drowning 3rd on Long Island This Week
The 18-year-old Brooklyn woman died after being pulled from the deep end of the pool at a house party.
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Suicide Suspected in Glen Cove Home of 2 Found Dead
"There is no indication that this is a random act of violence…or that they were targeted."
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Glen Cove Pair Found Dead
Glen Cove city police made the discovery after Adult Protective Services arrived to check on their well being.
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"Uncle Sam There's No One Like You" may be the last song sung by The Jordanaires, a storied country music singing quartet.
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Can anybody suggest the best way to travel from JFK to the Bedford Hotel on 40th Street, Midtown.
Many Thanks Mounty.
check out transportation options at:
I'll be getting a cab from JFK-midtown. It's $45 flat rate not incl tolls and tips. For Midtown-JFK I've booked a car service (www.telavivlimo.com) as its just about as cheap as a cab and can be pre-booked.
Hope this helps...
Mounty, your hotel is VERY close to Grand Central Station. Depending on how many of you there are and how much luggage you have (for walking), if you wanted to save money, you could easily get one of the shuttle buses to Grand Central and walk a few blocks. Figure a taxi or car service will be $55-60 for comparison.


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An inspiration to all the little boys and girls who think horses and riding are a white only thing!!!!
I hope he gets to have a long life and the treament he desrves for cominb this close to making more history, he is already a great horse for having won the first two legs of the triple.
Could not resist this even though I mainly, resuce,rehab and rehome not race!!!
Join 33,145
other passionate horse racing fans!