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Input manager
Posted 31 May 2012 - 05:41 PM
First, this should be an optional way of doing things, not something forced on you, but the code wouldn't be too extensive so I don't think it would be necessary to include an option to turn it off, but it could be set like that as a global game option.
Second, the game designer defines a certain amount of "actions" which would include things like "run" and "jump" and even "left" and "right." Then they give a "default" keyboard key for each of these things. Then, GM provides functions that allow the game player to customize the controls at run-time, and the game designer calls these functions when his GUI buttons are clicked allowing this. The function call would return instantly, but set up a "thread" that waits a given amount of time(probably defined by the designer) that waits for the player to hit a key, or move a joystick axis or joystick button. Then whatever got moved gets set as the control for the given action. Also, the function would call a script(also defined by the designer) when either the control gets set, or a different one when time runs out. This is how the designer would know that the function call is finished so they would remove the indicator telling the player to press the button for an action. Assuming this was internal to GM, they could actually instead put these "callbacks" as events.
Third, at gametime, the game objects either react to the new action based events, or they call related functions, instead of checking inputs directly. This allows game code to not care if the player chose a joystick button, keyboard key, or any axis on the joystick and the game's code(or d&d) would work all the same. The exception to this could be if the designer designs with joystick axes in mind where the character would walk instead of run(or similar things).
To go along with this, you could provide different events similar to the current keyboard events, which would include the "just now pressed" event and the "is currently down" event which would fire every step until released, and also the "released" event. You could also even add a variable that would say for how long the action's input has been held down(which my extension does for you). It also needs a way to determine input "conflicts" so that the designer can advise the player if more than one action has the same input. Also very important is a way to save and load configurations, including the "default" configuration.
As far as mobile platforms go, if a game is not directly designed with touch/mouse in mind, it would mostly use virtual keys for the input, although it could use a "virtual joystick" as seen in other topics. If working with my suggestion, you would simply map those virtual keys to either "actions" or do a workaround mapping them to the "default" keys as set up for the input, though I think going directly to "actions" is better.
What does the community think of this? Right now we have to kind of roll our own code for this, use an extension(and mine is the only one), or simply now allow the player to customize the controls, which is very common with GM games. i think if GM provided this internally, many more games would allow custom controls. By doing this internally, it becomes event based, making it easily compatible with d&d, but you can also provide functions so things can still be done in step events. This caters to however the game designer feels is best to organize the code.
Posted 31 May 2012 - 05:51 PM
Posted 31 May 2012 - 05:56 PM
a keybind dialog box(wording...) would be great to be implemented by YOYO both for setup in IDE and in the game like a standard one just like colour wheels exist in many paint programs and such
I don't think we would want to use the "default" box for run-time in our games for the same reason it was ugly to use GM's default message boxes. Of course it needs to be there for the IDE though, and for the run-time it could be as well, but it should be optional, or be able to be well customized, which would then lead me to suggest an internal GUI system that is nicely skinnable.
Posted 31 May 2012 - 06:52 PM
Posted 31 May 2012 - 11:56 PM
Again, though, I do think making a tutorial for how to do something along these lines would be helpful to a lot of people! Not everyone takes advantage of customizable controls, but it's worth the small effort to implement for those who do!
Posted 01 June 2012 - 12:14 AM
My point is that though these things can be done via scripting or an extension, it won't have that truly tight integration with the IDE that only the yoyo team could accomplish.
Posted 01 June 2012 - 12:15 AM
My point is that though these things can be done via scripting or an extension, it won't have that truly tight integration with the IDE that only the yoyo team could accomplish.
Posted 01 June 2012 - 12:20 AM
Posted 01 June 2012 - 01:34 AM
The issue we are having isn't how the code it, rather that we can't integrate it well into the IDE, rather only in scripts and objects. And for example for my extension, I created a separate program for creating default configs, which you then load via a function call, but it could be better if such a dialog existed as part of the game maker environment.
Posted 29 July 2012 - 04:44 AM
I think this is a pretty good suggestion, but no one paid much attention.... oh well. I'm not whining
None of the devs responded, maybe I'll get lucky this time.
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DAILY STAR FILE PHOTO National Baseball Hall of Fame inductee Barry Larkin stands on stage with Vicki Santo, the widow of Golden Era Committee selection Ron Santo, during the 2012 Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony on July 22 at the Clark Sports Center in Cooperstown. Larkin earned election to the Hall in his third year on the Baseball Writers' Association of America ballot.
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Keep your bike close to you when you go camping with the MOTOTENT from motorcycle adventurers Lone Rider.Priced at £399, here's a round-up of the features from Lone Rider:The MOTOTENT is spacious enough to shelter a dual sport bike as big a BMW R
"Hells Angels? Nah, I'm Mummy's Angel..."WELCOME FOLKS to Visordown's weekly caption competition, where you get a chance to slap your wittiest quote on some interesting shots from around the motorcycling world. This week we've a picture of an American dude living the dream with h...
California Superbike School will be running a 2-day camp at Silverstone for the first time in the UK this August, offering riders a chance to enjoy extra track time while improving their skills in the art of cornering. Taking place on the all
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the annual Welsh Motorcycle Show at Builth Wells over fears of violence between what police call "rival biker gangs".Llangollen organiser David Green that the show, on August 2nd and 3rd would be daytime only and would not offer any camping facilities. He
VALENTINO ROSSI is at home, but still immobilised with his leg elevated, as the slow process of recuperation continues.Rossi was transferred from the Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico in Florence where the operation was performed to the hospital in Cattolica, close to his Tavullia...
will be talking on stage talking about this year's TT.On the subject of the 2013 TT, Metzeler are laying on a camping village at this year's TT which will be situated in a prime location. The fully equipped camp site, including Metzeler blue tents, will be free
THE RED HOT rumour at the moment in the MotoGP world is that Stoner might not be out on the bike at Estoril next weekend.It appears that things aren't all hunky or even dory in the red bike camp right now and even though things are moving at a pace
insurance, this competition has become increasingly popular with competitors and the public alike.For BMF members, they also have the exclusive Memba Rally camping weekend running in conjunction with the show and offering live bands and other entertainment
We've teamed up with the British Motorcyclists Federation to bring you a truly unique offer –1 years membership of the BMF plus a FREE day ticket to all shows at just £40.00 or, 1 years membership to the BMF pus a FREE weekend camping ticket to all


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Disciplinary Actions (Sanctions)
Disciplinary Actions
Disciplinary Status
All students are assigned a disciplinary status. A student's current disciplinary status may impact the severity of sanctions assigned in the event that a student is found responsible for violating a policy (in general, the higher the judicial status, the more severe the sanction). Disciplinary status categories are as follows:
A. No Status: The student is in good standing with the Office of Student Housing Services.
B. Warning: The student remains in good standing with the Office of Student Housing Services, but has been found responsible for violating a policy or procedure and is put "on notice" that further violations of policy may result in more severe judicial action.
C. Probation: A student with this status is expected to demonstrate a willingness to comply with all University and Student Housing Services policies and procedures. A resident with this status is not considered to be in good standing with the Office of Student Housing Services; and may be evicted from on-campus housing in the event that further policies are violated while on probationary status. In addition, students on this status may be ineligible to renew their housing contract for subsequent academic years.
D. Suspension: A student with this status will have their housing contract terminated and will not be allowed to return to on-campus housing for a specified period of time and/or until certain conditions are met.
E. Dismissal: A student who is assigned this status will have their housing contract immediately terminated and will be trespassed banned from on-campus housing facilities and surrounding areas. A student who has been dismissed is banned from returning to on-campus housing at any point in the future.
Judicial status is not necessarily assigned in the order above; for example, a student with no status who commits a serious violation of policy may be assigned "probation" or "dismissal" at the discretion of the adjudicating officer.
When a student is found responsible for violating a policy, they may be assigned a judicial sanction. The goal of a judicial sanction is to restore damaged community or individual relationships; and/or educate the student on the impact her/his behavior has on the community; and/or address addictions or other behavioral needs. Sanctions assigned by judicial officers may be one or more of the following:
A. Educational Assignment: The student is assigned a specific project or program (relevant to the violation) to be completed by a set deadline. Examples include, but are not limited to, attendance and/or assistance in educational programs, meeting with University officials (such as coaches, advisors, counselors, etc.), a written paper on a specific topic, addressing student groups, letters of apology, or completing a roommate contract.
B. Community Restitution: The student works for Student Housing Services or a University Department for a specific number of hours in a project directly related to the policy violation. Under direct supervision, the student performs her/his community restitution hours without compensation. Community restitution can also include financial restitution in the event that the student is found responsible for damage to University or personal property.
C. Referral: This may include referral to another department of the University for counseling and/or treatment.
D. Loss of Privileges: This may include removal of privileges such as the ability to host guests; the ability to check out items from the Community Desk; etc.
E. Disciplinary Transfer: This is the permanent relocation of a resident from one community to another. Residents who are transferred are prohibited from entering the floor, wing, or building that they were transferred from for a specified period of time.
F. No Contact Order: The student is prohibited from any form of contact (such as verbal contact, contact via any electronic medium, contact via a third party, etc.) with a specific person or persons, for a specified period of time.
G. Other: With the permission of the Assistant Director for Conduct and Community Standards and/or the Associate Director for Residential Life, an adjudicating officer can assign a sanction not listed in any category above, provided that the sanction is relevant to the policy that was violated, and/or is in the best interest of the community.
Interim Sanctions
"Interim" sanctions are assigned in serious or severe alleged violations of Community Standards and/or the Code of Student Conduct. Interim sanctions are assigned before a judicial hearing in cases where it is in the best interest of the community and/or the alleged offender to be removed from the community and/or to prohibit contact between individuals. Interim sanctions are in place until the matter can be properly adjudicated. Interim sanctions are as follows:
A. Interim No Contact Order: The student is prohibited from any form of contact (such as verbal contact, contact via any electronic medium, contact via a third party, etc.) with a specific person or persons, pending the outcome of a judicial hearing.
B. Interim Immediate Disciplinary Transfer: This is the temporary relocation of a resident from one community to another. Residents who receive an interim disciplinary transfer are prohibited from entering the floor, wing, or building from which they were transferred from, pending the outcome of a judicial hearing.
C. Interim Immediate Eviction: This is the temporary eviction of a resident from on-campus housing. This interim sanction is only assigned in cases where a resident displays behavior that poses imminent or potentially imminent danger to herself/himself and/or others. This interim sanction is in place pending the outcome of a judicial hearing.


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Ford has revealed details about a cloud-connected car, the Ford EVOS, scheduled to launch in Europe in 2012, at this year's IFA event in Berlin »
Music streaming service Spotify has opened up its API to iOS developers, so app makers can tap into the 15 million song archive in their own iPhone and iPad creations »
The wait for an Apple-centric solution to cloud-based music streaming is almost over »
RIM has unveiled a music service for its BlackBerry handsets that'll let users listen to their own, and other peoples', favourite tracks »
It's no secret that here at Wired we take pride in covering Britain's fast-growing internet-startup scene »
Vegan. Nerd. Christian. Sell-out. Raver. Teetotaller. Activist. Insomniac. These motley nouns have all been used to describe Richard Melville Hall, who you're more likely to know as Moby »
Spotify has launched in the US. You can sign up immediately if you pay, but if you want a free account you'll need an invite. That's where we come in »
We're ready to share our deepest darkest secrets about Spotify with you. Here's five quick power-user tricks that most Brits don't know about Spotify »
Popular music streaming service Spotify has launched in the United States today, after almost two years of negotiations with record labels »
It was the second DLD Women conference a few days ago -- the female-focused version of German publisher Burda's "Digital Life Design" gathering in Munich »
We're so good to you. Here's your weekly audible dose of Wired.co.uk a full day early. It's not totally selfless though -- it's because Nate has to go and see Metallica at Sonisphere »
"What was your biggest investment mistake and its implications?" »
Broadband provider Virgin Media has announced an agreement with Spotify that'll make the digital music service available to its customers »
Apple has quietly dropped a pair of controversial rules that were due to be imposed on in-app magazine, newspaper and service subscriptions in June 2011 »
Adam Kidron is helping free downloads go legit -- with a service aiming to be bundled with your next MP3 player »
It's rumoured that streaming music service Spotify is preparing to launch integration with Facebook, so you'll be able to listen to your music from inside the social network »
Stuck for beats to drop at a party? Automatic DJ delivers bass in your face, based on your face »
Spotify has announced a raft of significant changes to its service, moving it away from streaming and towards direct competition with iTunes »
Music streaming service Spotify has announced drastic changes to its free service that will see non-subscribing users limited to 10 hours of total listening per month, and a five play limit on any one song »
Is A&R-bashing justified in the music industry and, if so, what can be done to fix the problems with it? »
An Australian drug dealer has become the first person to be convicted of a Silk Road-related crime, after using the black marketplace to buy a stash of MDMA, amphetamine, marijuana and cocaine »
How the astonishing power of swarms can help us fight cancer, understand the brain and predict the future »
Wired.co.uk reviews the Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0, an over-priced but powerful tablet with a stylus for writing »


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Storage Capacity Research
Oracle's Pillar Axiom -- A Better Choice Than EMC
Sponsored by: Oracle India Pvt. LtdThe Oracle Pillar Axiom 600 storage system addresses some key challenges that competing storage vendors have yet to overcome. It's an ideal fit for consolidating storage for multiple Oracle Databases or Oracle Applications, and it's also a good choice for EMC CLARiiON customers nearing the end of a lease agreement.
Taking Advantage of Multicore/Multiprocessor Technologies to Meet Today's Storage Needs
Sponsored by: Oracle India Pvt. LtdThis comprehensive white paper explores how Oracle's Sun ZFS Storage Appliances can perform complex processing for compression, deduplication, real-time storage analytics, and other advanced data services without slowing down I/O throughput and without costing more than competing solutions.
Integrated Computing Platforms: Infrastructure Builds for Tomorrow's Data Center
Sponsored by: EMC CorporationIn this white paper, you will gain insight into increasingly dynamic environments that require infrastructure integration that demands a high level of expertise – relinquishing IT professionals from their DIY mentality to implementing ICPs for optimal efficiency. Read now to learn more.
Podcast: Brian Madden & Steve O'Donnell chat about GreenBytes virtual desktop storage solutions
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Master Big Data with Next-Generation Object Storage
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Reducing the complexity of your storage environment
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Buyer's E-Guide to Tomorrow's SAN Technology
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Unified Storage in Virtual and Cloud Environments
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Princeton Insurance Increases Flexibility, Strengthens Competitive Edge with Private Cloud
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NetApp Data ONTAP 8.1 : Efficient, Flexible, Scale-out NAS and SAN Storage
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Sepaton Delta Scale Architecture Grid Stability
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Hitachi's Approach to Storage Capacity Efficiency
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The Critical Need for Edge Data Protection with Security, Access, and Control
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Building a Strategic Archive with CommVault Simpana Software
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Moderators: Supreme Convoy, Cyber Bishop, robofreak
TaZZerath wrote:Long time listener, first time poster.
Energon Is My Drug wrote:Duke of Luns wrote:1. In your opinion, what are some of the worst Transformers toys/molds, and why?
2. Do you think Activators/Fast Action Battlers/Power Bots/Etc. are good for the Transformers brand, or are they a waste of shelf space?
I "second" these 2 questions. The response to the first one would be hilarious, and the response to the second one would be quite interesting, I think.
Shadowman wrote:This is Sabrblade we're talking about. His ability to store trivial information about TV shows is downright superhuman.
Caelus wrote:My wife pointed out something interesting about the prehistoric Predacons. I said that everyone was complaining because transforming for them mostly consisted of them just standing up-right. She essentially said, 'So? That's what our ancestors did.'
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For over 2,000 years, this story has been told to generations, and for decades The Life of Jesus Christ productions have been performed in front of large audiences throughout the world. This Peter Huntley version of the play has been performed in Scotland and Africa and now for the second time at the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola. See the gospel come to life as the offender troupe tells the story of his life.
Three family friendly, open-to-the-public performances will be presented as a live outdoor event at Louisiana State Penitentiary on Thursday, March 21; Friday, March 22; and Saturday, March 23, at the multi-purpose arena located in the heart of the state's maximum-security prison.
All seats are $10 and can be purchased from the LA Prison Chapel Foundation by calling 225-931-3664, the LSP Museum at 225-655-2592 or upon your arrival at any of the performances. Gates open to the public at 9 a.m. and the show begins at 10 a.m.
Concessions will be available.
Don't miss the live gospel music!


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WASHINGTON (dpa-AFX) - OncoGenex Pharmaceuticals Inc. (OGXI) announced the initiation of ENSPIRIT, a Phase 3 trial evaluating custirsen for the treatment of advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer or NSCLC in patients who have progressed after initial chemotherapy treatment has failed.
The company said that the trial will investigate if combining custirsen with docetaxel, a standard second-line NSCLC chemotherapy, has the potential to improve survival outcomes compared to docetaxel alone in these patients. Two formal interim analyses are planned for stopping the trial early based on inadequate evidence of clinical benefit or futility. No interim analyses for claiming efficacy are planned.
Custirsen received Fast Track designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) receiving first-line docetaxel chemotherapy. The Phase 3 SYNERGY study, evaluating a survival benefit in the first-line CRPC setting, continues to accrue patients and is expected to complete enrollment later this year.
Copyright RTT News/dpa-AFX


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EconlibThe LibraryOther Sites |
Front Page Titles (by Subject) CHAPTER XXIX.: THE COMPOSITION OF BANKING CAPITAL. - Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Volume III: The Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole
Return to Title Page for Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Volume III: The Process of Capitalist Production as a WholeThe Online Library of LibertyA project of Liberty Fund, Inc.Search this Title:Also in the Library:
CHAPTER XXIX.: THE COMPOSITION OF BANKING CAPITAL. - Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Volume III: The Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole [1894]Edition used:Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Volume III: The Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole, by Karl Marx. Ed. Federick Engels. Trans. from the 1st German edition by Ernest Untermann (Chicago: Charles H. Kerr and Co. Cooperative, 1909).
About Liberty Fund:Liberty Fund, Inc. is a private, educational foundation established to encourage the study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. Copyright information:The text is in the public domain. Fair use statement:This material is put online to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. Unless otherwise stated in the Copyright Information section above, this material may be used freely for educational and academic purposes. It may not be used in any way for profit.
CHAPTER XXIX.THE COMPOSITION OF BANKING CAPITAL.IT is now necessary to find out more accurately, what are the constituent elements of banking capital. We have just seen, that Fullarton and others transform the distinction between money as a means of circulation and money as a means of payment (or eventually as world money, whenever it is a question of gold drains) into a distinction between currency and capital. The peculiar role played by capital in this instance brought it about, that this banker's economics taught as insistently that money is indeed capital par excellence as the enlightened economics taught that money is not capital. In subsequent analysis we shall demonstrate, that in such cases money-capital is confounded with moneyed capital in the sense of interest-bearing capital, while in the first named sense money-capital is but a transient form of capital as distinguished from the other forms of capital, commodity-capital and productive capital. The banking capital consists 1) of cash money, gold or notes; 2) securities. These again may be divided into two parts: Commercial bills, bills of exchange, which run for some time, become due, and the cashing (discounting) of which is the essentially profitable business of the banker; and public securities, such as government bonds, treasury notes, stocks of all kinds, in brief, interest-bearing papers, which are essentially different from bills of exchange. Mortgages may also be classed with this part. The capital composed of these various constituents is again divided into the banker's business capital, and into the deposits, which form his banking capital, or borrowed capital. In the case of banks with an issue of notes these must be counted also. We leave the deposits and notes out of consideration for the present. It is evident, that nothing is altered in the actual constituents of banking capital (money, bills of exchange, deposits), whether these different elements represent the banker's own capital or deposits, the capital of other people. The same division would remain, whether he were to carry on his business with his own capital alone or with no other but deposited capital. The form of the interest-bearing capital is responsible for the fact, that every determined and regular revenue of money appears as interest on some capital, whether it be due to some capital or not. The money revenue is first converted into interest, and with the interest comes also the capital, from which it is drawn. In like manner every sum of money appears as capital in connection with the interest-bearing capital, as long as it is not spent as revenue; that is, it appears as principal compared to the possible or actual interest which it may yield. The matter is simple. Let the average rate of interest be 5% annually. A sum of 500 pounds sterling would then yield 25 pounds sterling, if converted into interest-bearing capital. Every fixed annual income of 25 pounds sterling may then be considered as interest on a capital of 500 pounds sterling. This, however, is and remains a purely illusory conception, except the case in which the source of the 25 pounds sterling, whether it be a mere title of ownership or claim of indebtedness, or an actual element of production, such as real estate, is directly transferable or assumes a form, in which it becomes transferable. Let us choose a government debt and wages for an illustration. The state has to pay to his creditors annually a certain amount of interest for the money loaned from them. In this case the creditor cannot call on the state to give up the principal. He can merely sell his claim, his title of ownership. The capital itself has been consumed, spent by the state. It does not exist any longer. What the creditor of the state possesses is 1) a certificate of indebtedness from the state, amounting, say, to 100 pounds sterling; 2) this certificate gives to the creditor a claim upon the annual revenues of the state, that is, the annual tax revenue, to a certain amount, say, 5 pounds, or 5%; 3) the creditor may sell this certificate at his discretion to some other person. If the rate of interest is 5 %, and the security given by the state is good, the owner A of this certificate can sell it, as a rule, at its value of 100 pounds sterling to B; for it is the same to B, whether he loans 100 pounds sterling at 5 % annually, or whether he secures for himself by the payment of 100 pounds sterling an annual tribute from the state to the amount of 5 pounds sterling. But in all these cases the capital, the progeny of which (interest) is paid by the state, is illusory, fictitious capital. Not only does the amount loaned to the state exist no longer, but it was never intended at all to be invested as capital, and only by investment as capital could it have been transformed into a self-preserving value. For the original creditor A, the share of interest from taxes falling to him annually represents so much interest on his capital, just as a certain share of the spendthrift's fortune does for the usurer, although in either case the loaned amount was not invested as capital. The possibility of selling his claim on the revenues of the state represents for A the possible return of his principal. As for B, his capital, from his own private point of view, is invested as interest-bearing capital. So far as the transaction is concerned, B has simply taken the place of A by buying the latter's claim on the state's revenue. This transaction may be multiplied ever so often, the capital of the state debt remains a purely fictitious one, and from the moment that the certificates would become unsalable, the fiction of this capital would disappear. Nevertheless this fictitious capital has its own movements, as we shall see presently. The capital of the national debt appears as a minus, and interest-bearing capital generally is the mother of all crazy forms, so that, for instance, debts may appear in the eyes of the banker as commodities. Now let us look at wages. Wages are here conceived as interest, so that labor-power stands for capital, which yields this interest. For instance, if the wages for one year amount to 50 pounds sterling, and the rate of interest is 5%, the annual labor-power is equal to a capital of 1,000 pounds sterling. The insanity of the capitalist mode of conception reaches its climax here. For instead of explaining the self-expansion of capital out of the exploitation of labor-power, the matter is reversed and the productivity of labor-power itself is this mystic thing, interest-bearing capital. In the second half of the 17th century this used to be a favorite conception (for instance with Petty) but it is used even nowadays in good earnest by vulgar economists and more particularly by German statisticians.93 Unfortunately two disagreeable facts mar this conception. In the first place, the laborer must work, in order to secure this interest. In the second place, he cannot transform the capital-value of his labor-power into cash by transferring it. On the contrary, the annual value of his labor-power is equal to his average annual wages, and his labor has to make good to the seller of his labor-power this same value plus a surplus-value, the increment added by his labor. Under a slave system the laborer has a capital-value, namely his purchase price. And when he is rented out, the renter has to pay, in the first place, the interest on this purchase price, and must furthermore make good the annual wear and tear of the capital. The forming of a fictitious capital is called capitalising. Every periodically repeated income is capitalised by calculating it on the average rate of interest, as an income which would be realised by a capital at this rate of interest. For instance, if the annual income is 100 pounds sterling and the rate of interest 5%, then these 100 pounds sterling would represent the annual interest on 2,000 pounds sterling, and these 2,000 pounds sterling are regarded as the capital-value of the legal title of ownership upon these 100 pounds sterling annually. For him who buys this title of ownership these 100 pounds sterling of annual income represent indeed the interest on his capital at 5%. All connection with the actual process of self-expansion of capital is thus lost to the last vestige, and the conception of capital as something which expands itself automatically is thereby strengthened. Even when the certificate of indebtedness—the security—does not represent a purely fictitious capital, as it does in the case of state debts, the capital-value of such papers is nevertheless wholly illusory. We have seen previously in what manner the credit system creates associated capital. The papers are considered as titles of ownership, which represent this capital. The stocks of railroads, mines, navigation companies, and the like, represent actual capital, namely the capital invested and used in such ventures, or the amount of money advanced by the stockholders for the purpose of being used as capital in such ventures. This does not exclude the possibility that they may become victims of swindle. But this capital does not exist twofold, it does not exist as the capital-value of titles of ownership on one side and as the actual capital invested, or to be invested, in those ventures on the other side. It exists only in this last form, and a share of stock is merely a title of ownership on a certain portion of the surplus-value to be realised by it. A may sell this title to B, and B may sell it to C. These transactions do not alter anything in the nature of the case. A or B then have their title in the shape of capital, but C has his capital merely in the shape of a title on the surplus-value to be realised by the stock capital. The independent movement of the value of these titles of ownership, not only of government bonds but also of stocks, adds weight to the illusion that they constitute a real capital by the side of that capital, or that title, upon which they may have a claim. For they become commodities, whose price has its own peculiar movements and is fixed in its own way. Their market value is determined differently from their nominal value, without any change in the value of the actual capital, which expands, of course. On the one hand their market value fluctuates with the amount and security of the yields, on which they have a claim. If the nominal value of a share of stock, that is, the invested sum originally represented by this share, is 100 pounds sterling, and the enterprise pays 10%, instead of 5%, then their market-value, other circumstances remaining the same, rises to 200 pounds sterling, so long as the rate of interest is 5%, for when capitalised at 5%, it now represents a fictitious capital of 200 pounds sterling. He who buys it for 200 pounds sterling receives a revenue of 5% on this investment of capital. If the success of the venture is such as to diminish the income from it, the reverse takes place. The market value of these papers is in part fictitious, as it is not determined merely by the actual income, but also by the expected income, which is calculated in advance. But assuming the self-expansion of the actual capital to proceed at a constant rate, or, where no capital exists, as in the case of state debts, the annual income to be fixed by law and otherwise sufficiently secured, the price of such securities rises and falls inversely as the rate of interest. If the rate of interest rises from 5% to 10%, then a security guaranteeing an income of 5 pounds sterling will represent only a capital of 50 pounds sterling. If the rate of interest falls from 5% to 2½%, then the same security will represent a capital of 200 pounds sterling. Its value is always but its capitalised income, that is, its income calculated on a fictitious capital of so many pounds sterling at the prevailing rate of interest. In times when there is a stringency of money on the market these securities will, therefore, fall in price for two reasons: First, because the rate of interest rises, and secondly, because they are thrown in large quantities upon the market for the purpose of getting ready cash. This drop in their price takes place independently of the fact, whether the income guaranteed to their owner by these papers is constant, as it is in the case of government bonds, or whether the self-expansion of the actual capital, which they represent, for instance in industrial enterprises, is subject to interruptions such as interfere with the process of reproduction. In this last eventuality the two causes of depreciation mentioned above are joined by a third one. As soon as the storm is over, the papers rise once more to their former level, unless they represent failures or swindles. Their depreciation in times of crisis serves as a potent means of centralising money.94 To the extent that the depreciation or appreciation of such papers is independent of the movements of the value of actual capital represented by them, the wealth of the nation is just as great before as after their depreciation. "On October 23, 1847, the public funds and the canal and railroad stocks were already depreciated by 114,752,225 pounds sterling." So said Morris, the Governor of the Bank of England, in his testimony before the Committee on Commercial Distress, 1847-48. Unless this depreciation implied an actual stopping of production and of traffic on canals and rails, or a suspension of pending enterprises in the beginning stages, or a throwing away of capital in positively worthless ventures, the nation did not grow poorer by one cent through the bursting of this bubble of fictitious capital. In all countries of capitalist production, there exists an enormous quantity of so-called interest-bearing capital, or moneyed capital, in this form. And accumulation of money-capital signifies to a large extent nothing else but an accumulation of such claims on production, an accumulation of the market-price, the illusory capital-value, of these claims. A part of the banking capital is invested in these so-called interest-bearing papers. This is itself a portion of the reserve capital, which does not perform any function in the actual business of banking. The greater portion of these papers consists of bills of exchange, that is, promises to pay made by industrial capitalists or merchants. For the money lender these papers are interest-bearing, in other words, when he buys them, he deducts interest for the time which they still have to run. This is called discounting. It depends on the prevailing rate of interest, how much of a deduction is made from the sum for which the bill calls. The last part of the capital of a banker consists of his money reserve in gold and notes. The deposits, unless tied up by agreement for a certain time, are always at the disposal of the depositors. They are in a state of continual fluctuation. But while one depositor withdraws his, another brings his in, so that the general average amount of deposits fluctuates little during periods of normal business. The reserve funds of the banks, in countries with capitalist production, always express on an average the magnitude of the money existing in the shape of a hoard, and a portion of this hoard in its turn consists of papers, mere drafts upon gold, which have no value in themselves. The greater portion of the banking capital is, therefore, purely fictitious and consists of certificates of indebtedness (bills of exchange), government securities (which represent spent capital), and stocks (claims on future yields of production). And it should not be forgotten, that the money-value of capital represented by these papers in the strongboxes of the banker is itself fictitious, even of those which are checks for guaranteed incomes, such as public bonds, or titles on actual capital, like industrial stocks, and that this value is regulated differently than that of the actual capital, which they represent at least in part; or, when they stand for mere claims on the output of production, and not for capital, that the claim on the same amount is expressed in a continually changing fictitious money-capital. In addition to this it must be noted, that this fictitious capital represents largely, not his own capital, but that of the public, which makes deposits with him, either with or without interest. Deposits are always made in money, in gold or notes, or in checks upon these. With the exception of the reserve fund, which is contracted or expanded in proportion to the requirements of actual circulation, these deposits are in fact always in the hands, on one side, of the industrial capitalists and merchants, whose bills of exchange are discounted with them, and who receive advances out of them; on the other side, they are in the hands of dealers in securities (exchange brokers), or in the hands of private parties, who have sold their securities, or in the hands of the government (in the case of treasury notes and new loans). The deposits themselves play a double role. On the one hand, as we have just mentioned, they are loaned out as interest-bearing capital and are not found in the cash boxes of the banks, but figure merely in their books as credits of the depositors. On the other hand they figure as such book entries to the extent that the mutual credits of the depositors in the shape of checks on their deposits are balanced against one another and so recorded. In this procedure it is immaterial, whether these deposits are entrusted to the same banker, who can thus balance the various credits against each other, or whether this is done in different banks, who mutually exchange checks and pay only the balances to one another. With the development of the credit system and of interest-bearing capital all capital seems to double, or even treble, itself by the various modes, in which the same capital, or perhaps the same claim on a debt, appears in different forms in different hands.95 The greater portion of this "money-capital" is purely fictitious. All the deposits, with the exception of the reserve fund, are merely credits placed with the banker, which however, never exist in deposit. To the extent that they serve in the Giro business, they perform the function of capital for the bankers, after these have loaned them out. They pay to one another their mutual checks upon the nonexisting deposits by balancing their mutual accounts. Adam Smith says justly with regard to the role played by capital in the loaning of money: "Even in the money business the money is merely a check transferring from one hand to another such capitals as are not used by the owners. These capitals may be almost to any amount larger than the amount of money, which serves as an instrument of their transfer. The same pieces of money serve successively in many different loans, likewise in many different purchases. For instance, A lends to W 1,000 pounds sterling, with which W immediately buys from B 1,000 pounds sterling worth of commodities. Since B himself has no immediate use for this money, he lends the identical pieces of money to X, who immediately buys from C commodities worth 1,000 pounds sterling. In the same way and for the same reason C lends this money to Y, who again buys with it commodities from D. In this way the same pieces of gold or paper may serve in the course of a few days in the promotion of three different loans and three different purchases, each one of which has a value equal to the full amount of these pieces. What the three moneyed men, A, B and C have transferred to the three borrowers, W, X and Y, is the power to make these purchases. In this power consists both the value and the usefulness of these loans. The capital loaned out by these three moneyed men is equal to the value of the commodities that can be bought with it, and it is three times greater than the value of the money with which these purchases are made. Nevertheless all these loans may be perfectly safe, since the commodities bought with them by the different debtors are employed in such a way, that they will in time bring an equal value in gold or paper money with a profit to boot. And just as the same pieces of money may serve in the promotion of different loans to an amount exceeding their own value three times, or even thirty times, just so may they serve successively as means of return payment." (Book II, chapter IV.) Since the same piece of money may perform different purchases, according to the velocity of its circulation, it may just as well perform the service of different loans, for the purchases take it from one hand to another, and a loan is but a transfer from one hand to another without the intervention of a purchase. To every seller his money represents the changed form of his commodities. Nowadays, when every value is expressed as the value of capital, it represents in the various loans different capitals, and this is but another way of saying that it can realise different commodity-values successively. At the same time it serves as a medium of circulation, in order to transfer the material capitals from hand to hand. In the transaction of loaning it does not pass from hand to hand as a medium of circulation. So long as it remains in the hands of the lender, it is in his hands not a medium of circulation, but the existing value of his capital. And in this form he transfers it when loaning it to another. If A had loaned the money to B, and B to C; without the intervention of purchases, then the same money would not represent three capitals, but only one, only one capital-value. How many capitals it actually represents depends on the number of times in which it performs the service of the embodied value of different commodity-capitals. The same thing which Adam Smith says of loans in general applies also to deposits, since these are merely another name for loans, which the public gives to the bankers. The same pieces of money may serve as instruments for any number of deposits. "It is undoubtedly true, that the 1,000 pounds sterling, which some one deposits today with A, are again issued tomorrow and become a deposit with B. The day after, paid away by B, they may form a deposit with C, and so forth infinitely. The same 1,000 pounds sterling may, therefore, by a number of transfers, multiply themselves into an absolutely indeterminable sum of deposits. It is, therefore, possible, that nine-tenths of all the deposits in the United Kingdom have no existence, save for the entries in the books of bankers registering them, who have to square accounts in due time....Such was the case in Scotland, where the currency of money never exceeded 3 million pounds sterling, while the deposits amounted to 27 millions. Unless a general run be made on the banks on account of these deposits, the same 1,000 pounds sterling, traveling backwards, might easily balance an equally indeterminable sum. Since the same 1,000 pounds sterling, with which some one pays today his debt to some dealer, may tomorrow settle this dealer's debt to some merchant, and next day the debt of the merchant to his bank, and so forth without end, the same 1,000 pounds sterling may also wander from hand to hand and from bank to bank, and balance any conceivable amount of deposits." (The Currency Question Reviewed, pp. 162, 163.) Just as everything is duplicated and triplicated in this credit system and commuted into a mere fiction, so the same applies to the "reserve fund," where one would at last hope to grasp something solid. Listen once more to Mr. Morris, the Governor of the Bank of England: "The reserves of the private banks are in the hands of the Bank of England in the form of deposits. The first effects of an export of gold seem to strike only the Bank of England; but it would just as well influence the reserves of the other banks, since it means an export of a part of the reserves, which they have deposited in our bank. In the same way it would influence the reserves of all provincial banks." (Commercial Distress 1847-48.) Ultimately, then, the reserve funds actually dissolve themselves into the reserve fund of the Bank of England.96 However, this reserve fund again has a double existence. The reserve fund of the banking department of the Bank of England is equal to the excess of the notes, which the Bank is authorised to issue, over the notes in circulation. The legal maximum of the note issue is 14 million pounds sterling (for which no metallic reserve is required; it is the approximate amount owed by the state to the Bank) plus the amount of the precious metals in the Bank. If the supply of precious metals in the Bank amounts to 14 million pounds sterling, the Bank can issue 28 millions in notes, and if 20 millions of these are in circulation, the reserve fund of the banking department is 8 million pounds sterling. These 8 million pounds sterling are, in that case, legally the banking capital at the disposal of the Bank, and at the same time the reserve fund for its deposits. If an exportation of gold takes place now, by which the supply of precious metals in the Bank is reduced by 6 millions—notes to this amount must be destroyed at the same time—then the reserve of the banking department would fall from 8 millions to 2 millions. On the one hand, the Bank would raise its rate of interest considerably; on the other hand, the banks having deposits with it, and the other depositors, would observe a large decrease of the reserve fund covering their own credits in the Bank. In 1857 four of the largest stock banks of London threatened to call in their deposits, and thereby bankrupt the banking department, unless the Bank of England would secure a "government script" suspending the Bank Acts of 1844.97 In this way the banking department might fail, while a certain number of millions (for instance, 8 millions in 1847) are held in its issue department to secure the convertibility of its circulating notes. But this security is once more illusory. "The greater portion of the deposits, for which the bankers themselves have no immediate demand, passes into the hands of the bill brokers, who in return give to the banker security for his loan by means of commercial bills, which they have already discounted for people in London or in the provinces. The bill broker is responsible to the banker for the return payment of this money at call; and these transactions are of such an enormous volume, that Mr. Neave, the present Governor of the Bank of England, said in his testimony: We know that one broker had 5 millions, and we have reason to assume, that another had between 8 and 10 millions; another had 4, another 3½, a third more than 8. I speak of deposits with the brokers." (Report of Committee on Bank Acts, 1857-58, p. 5, section 8.) "The London bill brokers...carried on their enormous business without any reserve in cash; they relied upon the incomes from the successively due bills, or when it came to the worst, upon their power to secure from the Bank of England loans on depositing bills discounted by them."—Two firms of bill brokers in London suspended payments in 1847; both resumed business later. In 1857 they suspended again. The liabilities of one of these firms amounted in 1847 in round figures to 2,683,000 pounds sterling with a capital of 180,000 pounds sterling; its liabilities in 1857 were 5,300,000 pounds sterling, while its capital apparently was not more than one-quarter of what it had been in 1847. The liabilities of the other firm were both times between 3 or 4 millions, while its capital amounted to no more than 45,000 pounds sterling. (Ibidem, p. XXI, section 52.) [93.][93] "The laborer has a value as capital, which is found by considering the money-value of his annual wages as income from interest...By capitalising the average daily wages at 4% we find the average value of an agricultural laborer of the male sex to be: German Austria, 1500 Thalers; Prussia, 1500; England, 3750; France, 2000; Interior Russia, 750 Thalers." Von Reden, Vergleichende Kulturstatistik. Berlin, 1848, p. 134. [94.][94] [Immediately after the February Revolution, when commodities and securities were extremely depreciated and utterly unsaleable, a Swiss merchant in Liverpool, Mr. R. Zwilchenbart—who told my father about it—cashed all his belongings traveled with his cash to Paris and went to Rothschild, offering to do a joint business with him. Rothschild looked at him fixedly, rushed towards him, caught both his shoulders in his hands and asked: "Have you money in your possession?" "Yes, Baron." "Then you are my man." And both of them made a great haul.—F. E.] [95.][95] [This duplication and triplication of capital has developed considerably further in recent years, for instance through financial trusts, which already occupy a column of their own in the London bank reports. A society is organised for the purchase of a certain class of interest-bearing papers, say, of foreign government bonds, English municipal or American public bonds, railroad stocks, etc. The capital, for instance, 2 million pounds sterling, is secured by stock subscriptions. The Board of Directors buys the desired values up, or speculates more or less actively in them, and distributes the annual amounts of interest as dividends among the stockholders, after deducting the expenses. Furthermore, some stock companies have adopted the custom of dividing the ordinary shares into two classes, preferred and deferred. The preferred receive a fixed rate of interest, say 5%, provided that the total profit permits it; if there is anything left after that, the deferred get it. In this way the "solid" investment of capital is more or less separated by preferred shares from the speculation with the deferred shares. Since a few large enterprises have been unwilling to adopt this new mode, the expedient has been resorted to of organising new companies, that invest one or several millions of pounds sterling in shares of the first company and then issue new shares to the amount of the nominal value of the first shares, but make half of them preferred and the other half deferred. In this case the original shares are doubled, by serving as a basis for a new issue of shares.—F. E.] [96.][96] To what extent this has since increased is proved by the following official tabulation of the bank reserves of the fifteen largest London banks in November, 1892, taken from the Daily News of December 15, 1892:
Of this sum of almost 28 millions of reserve, at least 25 millions are deposited in the Bank of England, and at most 3 millions of cash in the strongboxes of the 15 banks themselves. But the cash reserve of the banking department of the Bank of England never exceeded 16 millions during that same November of 1892.—F. E.] [97.][97] The suspension of the Bank Acts of 1844 permitted to the Bank to issue any quantity of bank notes regardless of any backing by the gold reserve in its possession; to create, in this way, an arbitrary quantity of fictitious money-capital made of paper, and use it for the purpose of making loans to banks, exchange brokers, and through them to commerce. |


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Emotional Intelligence and CV Writing workshop during the first week of July.
Tags: cv writing, emotional intelligenceWelcome to this the Toojays Blog. This is a unique way for us to tell you about the latest training events and activites from Toojays, as well as keeping you uptodate with current development & HR issues. Hope you find it useful and look forward to your feedback.
Emotional Intelligence and CV Writing workshop during the first week of July.
Tags: cv writing, emotional intelligenceToojays Segways were a big hit with the crowd. A short course was set up and a challenge of completing it in the fasted time possible was set.
Tags: SegwayThis week saw the second workshop take place for the Heineken International 2010 intake. 12 international graduates flew to the UK for the three day event at Toojays' dedicated outdoor activity centre, Yellowfoot in Eton.
Toojays facilitators, Lee Martin and Miral Mahrous, were on hand to deliver the workshop, which focused on the competencies of achieving results and decision making. The facilitated discussions included case studies, competency reviews and the utilisation of decision making tools.
The graduates were also put through their paces with a series of outdoor experiential activities, designed to challenge their thought processes and further embed their learning.
The Pearl Vets, sponsored by Toojays, unfortunately didn't make it past the group stages and ended up having P4, W1 D0 L3 - which was one result better than last year's performance!
Tags: sponsors Toojays, Pearl Vets, Yaxley FCI thought you might be interested in knowing about the changes that have been made to the Leadership and Management Advisory Service.
From 1st April 2011, EMB will be delivering the service across three regions, the East of England, the East Midlands and the West Midlands, supporting business leaders and decision makers across these regions to access tailor made learning and development support.
The service is funded by the Skills Funding Agency and provides a cost effective way of providing training and development to organisations. Some alterations have been made both to the eligibility criteria and the scope of activities that are covered by the grant element of the programme. These are as follows:
Organisations in scope for the service are either private sector businesses or social enterprises which employ fewer than 250 full time employees and have at least one employee in addition to the eligible beneficiary
Funding is dependent on meeting all eligibility criteria and will need to be fully matched by the beneficiary organisation on a pound for pound basis, excluding the VAT element. So if an organisation is eligible and the approved learning and development costs £1500 excluding VAT, the organisation may be eligible for a grant of £750. No unmatched grant funding is available. Previous beneficiaries of this programme may be eligible for further support but must meet the eligibility criteria in the application form, including demonstrating growth or growth potential.
Interested in an application form or just want to find out more?.. then contact us now on 01733 367210.
Toojays M-Coaching is a different concept though. With the increase in mobile learning and knowledge attainable 24-7, the need to access expertise, when and where you want, is essential. Our flexible, cost effective approach to Executive Coaching is unique and puts you in control of your personal development. You choose when and how you wish to engage your coach.
Our service packages are on three levels:
* Basic level - up to 3 hours of Executive Coaching. 1:2:1 discussion and analysis aimed at addressing your development needs. Fee - £375
* Intermediate level - up to 6 hours of Executive Coaching including access to personal development materials. Fee - £650
* Advanced level - up to 12 hours of Executive Coaching including unlimited personal development materials, tools and a Personal Development Plan - Fee - £1,200
M-Coaching deals with everything from soft skills development, operational issues to strategic and business planning.
Indeed, anything where you know extra support and expertise could make a significant difference to how you feel and what you do.
Our M-Coaches have worked with people from every kind of company you can imagine: Global FTSE 100's, Public and Private Sector, SMEs and Charities.
Working within every level of an organisation as well as looking to develop their careers wherever they sit within their company.
Our M-Coaches approach every session with insight, objectivity and empathy; their goal is to bring out the best in everyone they work with, offering practical, tangible skills and relevant advice.
Small and medium sized businesses based in the East of England (Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk or Suffolk) may be eligible for grant support for training opportunities that focus on improving business performance.
"Beyond 2010" is managed by Essex County Council and it has just been announced that current arrangements will continue through 2011.Training can provide a way for businesses to push into a new area of work, improve employee skills or make current activity more effective. It can be used to address a wide range of business needs from management skills to computer design techniques to give that all important competitive edge.
What does the service provide?
This service covers the following sectors and is funded by the European Social Fund and the East of England Development Agency:
If your business falls within one of these sectors, you may be able to access up to 70% funding towards any training which addresses a critical need within your organisation and will help the business to develop.
This could cover areas such as:
- Performance Management
- Appraisal Skills
- Communication Skills
- Project Management Skills
- Presentation Skills
- Change Management
- Team Development
- and many more.....!
How does Toojays help?
As a leading training provider, Toojays Training & HR Consultancy Ltd offers realistic and relevant learning & development solutions. We believe in "learning by doing" through inspirational challenges and tasks to provide tangible benefits and ROI. Our approach is straightforward; you identify a need, we work with you and offer a choice of solutions using our team's management experience, together with excellent training and developmental expertise.
Tags: high performing teams in hospitality sector, developing teams in hotels, developing hotel teams
Toojays has recently expanded its professional team with the addition of a new international L&D consultant. Miral Mahrous joins the company from Heineken International where she was a Learning & Development consultant within the Group Human Resources department based in Amsterdam. Prior to this, she held the role of Training & Development Specialist for Heineken Egypt. With a proven track record of working with global organisations, Miral is well positioned to deliver exceptional business results to Toojays, expanding their international client base.
Lee Martin, Managing Director of Toojays, says: "We are delighted to welcome Miral on-board. She brings with her a wealth of HR experience gained from working within Europe and the Middle East. We already know she will be a valuable member of our team. Her abilities and professionalism will strengthen the existing team, and her considerable international experience in dealing with multi-cultural organisations is a fantastic asset."
Tags: new Toojays consultantWe have now added to our portfolio of learning solutions...with Microsoft On line Learning!
How does it work?
A Microsoft Online Learning course is essentially the same as classroom-based IT training courses. The only difference is that Microsoft online training courses are delivered via the internet and offer significant cost savings.
What do I need?
All you need is an internet enabled computer with Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 or above.
Toojays have recently introduced their very own channel on the YouTube website, Toojays TV.
Here you will find the latest uploads from Toojays Training & HR Consultancy Ltd.
These include videos of recent Toojays events, informative learning sessions, and interviews with successful and influential business leaders.
Tags: Toojays' YouTube channel, ToojaysTVFor those of you who are not already aware, Toojays has its own page on Facebook. Why not add us and send invites to anyone you know who might be interested in our services. Search for "Toojays Training & HR Consultancy Ltd" and click on "like". As a fan, you will be able to keep up with all the latest news and offers from Toojays.
Tags: Toojays on Facebook, Toojays Facebook group
Toojays are pleased to announce the publication of its 2010/11 Training Brochure. The online brochure lists the personal development courses on offer from Toojays for the next 12 months.
© Toojays Training & HR Consultancy Ltd Telephone: +44 (0)1778 382 719 | firstname.lastname@example.com


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Sky Tv are showing a series of films about Sheffield and the Sheffield music scene of the 1980s.You can read more about the documentary here http://www.thebeatisthelaw.com/ but in a blog post only marginally related to work (go straight to www.lmmuk.com or to this page if you want to read about party bands , bands for weddings or DJs) I thought I would share my thoughts of the era.
I was around in Sheffield playing in bands and out clubbing pretty much every night during this period….indeed I was working at Sheffields notorious Pinstone Street HMV as described by co-worker Richard Hawley (ex of the Long Pigs and Tree Bound Story) in detail in the film although the way he describes taking off a Stock,Aitkin and Waterman loop tape to put on a hip hop 12″ single (a story I have also read in several print interviews) has got a little exaggerated over the years and I have reason to believe was influenced by a similar scene in the movie Hi Fidelity!Truthfully everyone who worked in the shop would sneak the pop pap off the decks and put something decent on at any given opportunity.I remember playing the re release of Sweet Charles "Yes Its You",Smiths singles,Trouble Funk,S Xpress and all kinds of stuff but inevitably Stock,Aitken and Waterman would end up back on the system sooner or later.
Anyway I digress.This story takes place before the days of Stock,Aitkin and Waterman.
What I was going to say was that I knew many of the movers and shakers of the 1980s era of Sheffield legend and there are many amusing tales to tell.
For the people who love the music created by the main bands of the electronica/industrial era of Sheffield music the scene must seem very serious.The Sheffield of the time is portrayed as a grimy,post industrial landscape populated by strange and intense young men wearing long macs making odd noises on synths and with treated tapes.
For me the kings of this scene were Clock DVA.They seem to epitomise that particular school of Sheffield cool.
Besides the fact that Adi Newton was once described in the NME as the only British person who could wear leather trousers and get away with it (during the period when he took on the look of Marlon Brando in the wild One) they had Paul Browse who never took his sunglasses off (even in the dark corners of The Limit nightclub) and a Sheffielder who dared to call himself John Valentine-Carruthers.
They were serious young men.
So serious that a friend who went back to one of their houses was treated to a soundtrack LP of a train played at full volume whilst the band member whose place it was sat in silence.
So serious that a musician who joined the band briefly and then made the mistake of chatting to a pal in The Limit was told "we dont talk to him in this band….he's not in the circle."
So serious that Adi,whose girlfriend shared a flat with my girlfriend of the time,would take five minutes to answer the question "Do you want a cup of tea?"
They would stand in the old working mans sandwich shop next to our rehearsal room huddled in a mass of long coats and silently eat bacon butties like they were in a Parisian Left Bank cafe.
In the rehearsal room itself (which for several years was next to our Jive Club headquarters) we would rarely hear anything but saxophone arpeggios and never any singing or anything resembling a song.It was something akin to the mystery of Willy Wonkas Chocolate Factory…we knew music (and records) were being made but we never heard any of the process.
Music was made though and we (particularly Phil and myself from the Mirror Cracked) loved much of it. The mystique of the band made it even more special.Despite spending many mornings drinking tea in Katies flat with Adie and his girlfriend I never penetrated the mystique and I couldn't tell you anything about the guy except that he was intense….and that pretty much sums up the music as well.
Mine and Phils favourite Clock DVA track is 4 Hours which we often drunkenly quote when the mood takes us.Along with Eternity In Paris and Beautiful Losers this music sums up the underground sound of the eighties Sheffield and it brings back memories of the dark corners of The Limit populated by serious young men in long macs who wouldn't talk to you…unless you were making them a cup of tea!
"4 Hours"-
This was released as a single and climbed the indie charts of the music weeklies.
It's a great song and even went so far as to be deemed an underground hit!
The rhythm comes in boisterous and Charlie Collins has just a great Sax sound.
It's in tune but out of tune at the same time and is set just at the right volume in the mix- so as not to derail everything else and Newton delivers some of his finest words-
"This mid-morning awakening…this bleak whiteness, nothingness…
the eye that stares through your mirror, a suction entanglement
On stained sheets, figures with no regrets, their doubts caste a shadow here….the time drifts…the time swells…the skies melt…..
This could be New York, this could be London, I don't care anymore
I'm wearing this suit, a black suit, I'm wearing this time, A black tie
I'm carrying this case, a black case, I walk down the street…
the people are staring, the taxi cab is slower….
A piano falls from above………… it smashes in front of me!…."
If Clock DVA were remembered for anything back then, it was for this fine piece of paranoid pop (!)
Clock DVA-We Salute You!!!


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American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
- n. A narrow path for persons on foot.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. A narrow path or way for foot-passengers only.
- n. A path for pedestrians.
GNU Webster's 1913
- n. A narrow path or way for pedestrains only; a footway.
WordNet 3.0
- n. a trodden path
- From foot + path. (Wiktionary)
"One day he heard a Raven making a fuss near the River which was about 100 yds down a footpath from the cabin's back door."
"Also, in London I recently walked along a road where right next to the quite narrow footpath is a building whose walls are festooned with notices saying that it is a prohibited place (I passed within a foot of at least one notice), yet numerous people were walking along that road and regularly do so."
"At length retracing the uncertain footpath scaling the precipitous embankment, I seek the level lands where grow the wild prairie flowers."
"The footpath was a throng of people jostling for space, drifting onto the road, cars honking."
"On the lawn by the footpath was a motorcycle, the engine still rumbling."
"Cycling on the footpath is a good idea until it turns out someone has left a tree branch lying across it."
"The footpath was a very rough track which led upwards to a five-barred gate."
"I recall another footpath near Worcester, Massachusetts; it leads up from the low meadows into the wildest region of all that vicinity, Tatesset Hill."
"A moist spot in a shady part, where the river was just upon his right, showed this, for the narrow track was printed all over by the hoofs of sheep, and he knew now that the footpath was their work, made when in hot weather they had selected the moist shades for grazing; while at a turn"
"I recall another footpath near Worcester, Massachusetts; it leads up from the low meadows into the wildest region of all that vicinity,"
These user-created lists contain the word 'footpath'.
WF - nominal compounds (concrete)
foodstuff, banknote, crankshaft, earphone, fibreboard, fishplate, forklift, glassware, guardrail, handicraft, headband, kitchenware and 181 more...
Compounds Entirely Pedestrian
Just what you'd expect.
sunrise, doghouse, upstairs, driveway, daylight, flagpole, keystone, footpath, doorbell, heavyweight, paperweight, tablecloth and 7 more...
Looking for tweets for footpath.


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OTTAWA, Ont. – The Ottawa man charged with first-degree murder in the death of his 53-year-old mother has been ordered to undergo a 30 day psychiatric assessment.
Rene Goudreau, 30, is accused of setting the fire that killed his mother in her west end apartment Tuesday. He made a brief court appearance Wednesday morning following a session with a forensic psychiatrist. His lawyer says he has a history of mental illness, has been in and out of the Royal Ottawa Hospital and has never been able to hold a job.
Fire crews were called to a high rise around 2:30 a.m. Tuesday where a fire had broken out inside a first floor apartment at 90 Woodridge Crescent, near the Bayshore Shopping Centre.
The body of a woman was discovered in the bedroom of the unit. Police have not released the name of the victim, but neighbours identified the woman as Lucie Goudreau.
This is Ottawa's sixth homicide of 2012.
Man charged with murdering mother makes second court appearance
1310News Staff


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The Oakland Press (theoaklandpress.com), Serving Oakland County
News > Local News
Friday, October 12, 2012 10:09 AM EDT
By DUSTIN BLITCHOK
firstname.lastname@example.com; Twitter: @SincerelyDustin
The Golden Opportunity Club at Pontiac's Bowens Center will hold a yard sale and bazaar on Saturday, Oct. 13 to benefit its scholarship fund.
This summer, the senior citizens' club awarded $3,000 in scholarships to four high school seniors.
The senior club is solvent, and its members thought, "Why not give some of this to the kids (and) the community?" said Golden Opportunity Club President Carolyn Price.
The club, which has more than 300 members, meets from 10 a.m. to noon every Tuesday at the Bowens Center.
"We have fun, but at the same time we use it as an educational forum," Price said.
Saturday's yard sale and bazaar will include arts and crafts, home and beauty items, jewelry, collectibles and more. Free clothing donated by Golden Opportunity Club members will be available on a first-come, first-serve basis, the club said in a release.
The table rental fees at the event will benefit the club's college scholarship fund, Price said.
After the event is over, the Salvation Army will make a donation pick-up at the Bowens Center for leftover items.
The Golden Treasures Community Yard Sale and Bazaar is from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Saturday, Oct. 13, at the Bowens Center, 52 Bagley St. in Pontiac. Admission is free.


text: A team of researchers from China and the University of Alberta have identified a pair of carnivorous dinosaurs with the remains of their last meals in their guts. The dinosaurs are wolf-sized, bipedal feathered predators called Sinocalliopteryx. One fossil contained in its gut the remains of a small feathered dinosaur. The other contained the remains of at least two primitive birds, in different stages of digestion. Both predators must have died and been buried not long after their meals. Scott Persons, a paleontologist and Ph.D student in the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Alberta, was part of the research team. He's particularly excited about the find because knowing what these dinosaurs were eating tells a great deal about their behaviour, including what kind of hunters they likely were.


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Inaugurated in December 2009, White Gallery – The Lifestyle Store – was born from a new idea to conceive shopping. White Gallery is placed at the EUR, a modern neighbourhood designed during 30's and famous for its rational architecture. The urban development has been built in occasion of Universal Expo which should have taken place in 1942. White Gallery is hosted in the spaces of what should have been the Modern Art Palace, and keeping the function for which this majestic structure was conceived, White Gallery is more a modern art gallery than a traditional fashion boutique.In the 5000 square meters distributed on three floors, it is possible to have a walk and get lost in this place which seams isolated by urban chaos. The minimal chic design, inside these historical environments, makes elegant and modern this store.
Description from http://www.whitegallery.it/
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The main purpose of the VA home loan program is to help veterans finance the purchase of homes with favorable loan terms and at a rate of interest which is competitive with the rate charged on other type of mortgage loans. For VA housing loan purposes, the term "veteran" includes certain members of the Selected Reserve, active duty service personnel and certain categories of spouses.
This guide should help you to understand what VA can and cannot do for the home purchaser. However, it is not a legal document and should not be interpreted as one Nothing should be taken as a change of law or regulations. The pamphlet does not attempt to go into detail or into unusual problems. Information about VA loans is given in a narrative format followed by questions and answers in those areas of the greatest concern.
It is suggested that the pamphlet be read in its entirety. Please pay particular attention to the information about:
Any questions you have which are not answered here should be referred to the Loan Guaranty Division at the nearest VA regional office, or to your lender who will take them up with VA if necessary. A list of VA offices may be found in the Help section.


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Modern Interpretations of Hatikvah and the Anthem's Future
Thursday, May 23rd, 2013(((CLICK BELOW TO HEAR AUDIO)))
Yishai is joined by alternative peace activist Yehuda HaKohen to discuss Israel's national anthem. Hatikva, Israel's national anthem is holy, but is it dated? Is the message out of touch? Can Israel become more Jewish while embracing the non-Jewish world?
Yishai Fleisher on Twitter: @YishaiFleisher
Yishai on Facebook
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