The success of scientific projects increasingly depends on using data analysis tools and data in distributed IT infrastructures. Scientists need to use appropriate data analysis tools and data, extract patterns from data using appropriate computational resources, and interpret the extracted patterns. Data analysis tools and data reside on different machines because the volume of the data often demands specific resources for their storage and processing, and data analysis tools usually require specific computational resources and run-time environments. The data analytics software framework DASF, which we develop in Digital Earth (Bouwer et al. (2022)), provides a framework for scientists to conduct data analysis in distributed environments.


This article brings together research on territoriality and actor-network theory to develop new ways of investigating the role of materiality and material design in the territorial power relations of urban public places. Using the public square as a main example, the author suggests new ways of conceptualizing the production and stabilization of territories in the everyday urban environment. Setting out from a brief outline of the history of territoriality research, the traditional approaches are reappropriated from the viewpoint of actants rather than persons or institutions, suggesting a distinction between four different forms of territorial production. Some material ways of stabilizing the effects of these territorial productions are then conceptualized. The author argues that public space can be seen as constituted by a territorial complexity, thus pointing to the relationship between materiality and public space, via territorial stabilization and production.


Since hyperthermia is being used extensively in cell biology studies and as a tool for cancer therapy with or without irradiation (Proc. Int. Cancer Symposium on Cancer Therapy by Hyperthermia and Radiation, 1975; Streffer et al., 1978; Dewey et al., 1979), it is important to determine whether heat treatment can cause oncogenic transformation. In a recent article by Harisiades et al. (1980), it was shown that heat treatment alone in the temperature range 40.0–45.0°C did not cause oncogenic transformation in cultured C3H–10T½ cells, while heat treatments in the temperature range 40.0–42.2°C reduced the incogenic transformation frequency resulting from X rays when heating was performed immediately after X irradiation. We have also investigated the effect of heat alone or combined with X rays on induction of oncogenic transformation in the C3H–10T½ cell system developed by Reznikoff et al. (1973a; b). These data were first presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Radiation Research Society (Raaphorst et a...


Through listening to the grandparents' perspective, this study sought to identify whether the roles and relationships grandparents had with their grandchild with a disability were somehow different to those they had with their other grandchildren and their wider family. METHOD: Interviews were conducted with a total of 22 grandmothers and grandfathers who had a least one child with a disability, aged under the age of 17 years. The children's disabilities included De Georges' Syndrome, spina bifda, autism and cerebral palsy. RESULTS: The expectations, perceptions and experiences of the grandparents were openly explored. These provided important insight into the challenges which had arisen for them and for their families, These challenges changed the nature of their identity and roles as a grandparent, and in some cases their role within the wider family and community. Grandparents used their prior knowledge and coping skills to enhance the quality of life of their grandchild and provide unconditional love and support for their own child. CONCLUSIONS: Grandparenting a child with a disability has been described as a roller coaster ride of emotions. However despite this journey, this paper will identify the important contribution grandparents make to the lives of their grandchildren including those with disabilities.


The read-write characteristics of single pole type heads with a one-sided core, which have various kinds of gap lengths between the return path core and the main pole, were measured after recorded on a double-layered flexible media. The reduction in the gap length was a very effective way to improve the recording and reproducing efficiencies. However, the reproduced voltage at a high linear density depended greatly on the coercive force of the media.


The efficient implementation of cache consistency is one of the primary challenges in building shared memory multiprocessors with hundreds or thousands of processors. While directory-based coherency schemes are promising because they rely on point-to-point messages rather than a network broadcast mechanism, traditional directory organizations would use a prohibitive amount of memory in a large-scale machine. In this paper we introduce a dynamic pointer allocationdirectory that exploits reference behavior characteristics of large-scale parallel programs to reduce directory storage requirements to manageable levels while maintaining performance comparable to traditional directory organizations. Rather than building a fixed number of pointers per entry into the hardware, this scheme allocates pointers as they are needed from a pool of available pointers. We highlight the differences in the resulting protocol relative to standard limited pointers directory organizations, including the steps taken in exceptional circumstances, such as running short of available pointers. We also focus on implementation issues by detailing one possible approach and examining some possible performance optimizations. Several extensions to the basic dynamic pointer allocation technique are examined and evaluated as well.


The favorable area of the Moscow synclize is about 400, 000 sq km. Three potentially oil-gas complexes are present: Wendian Lower Cambrian (Redkin fm of the Precambrian Wendian), Middle and Upper Cambrian - Ordovician, and Devonian (Givetian and lower Frasnian). Study of the potential of the Moscow synclize has been very inadequate. Drilling targeted on the Wendian and Lower Cambrian has been about 0.15 m per sq km.


We have carried out a systematic study of mercury cadmium telluride (MCT), bulk single crystal and epilayers, using electrolyte electroreflectance (EER). Our results, and others discussed here, suggest that much of the unusual properties of this material are due to structural microdomains. Under mechanical stresses or chemical attack, the walls of these domains tend to move via the generation and propagation of defects associated with cationic diffusion. A typical consequence is the creation of n‐type zones within a p‐type matrix. We have calibrated our etch rate so as to be able to apply EER to the study of the profiles of epilayers with a depth resolution of 200 A. The technique was applied to more than 100 samples of all origins. The results are summarized here in qualitative terms, such as typical profile features, as well as in quantitative terms, such as compositional variations and defect densities. EER results are integrated within the conceptual framework introduced above and compared to SIMS and...


This work begins with a journey through the fundamentals of design when solving legal problems. A fascinating journey that starts in our mind, by the way in which we prepare it to solve problems and to examine our strengths and weaknesses in problem solving. We will defne the underlying concepts and rules useful in problem solving. Finally, we will describe a few key concepts which are useful to the designer as tools are to a craftsman. We apply these concepts to problem solving in legal matters. We also consider the setting up of a simulation environment in the solution of legal problems by using a very powerful open source environment: Eclipse.


This paper introduced claim procedures that the constructor does to the owner in the construction. The procedures include: Bringing up the claim, the sending of the claim data, negotiation, intermediation from the agent, handing over to the arbitrament organization or court. Actually, not all the claim procedures will appear. For example, there is no need of turning to the arbitrament organization or court after a successful intermediation. Thus the contractor's legal rights can be protected under the procedures mentioned in this paper.


Legal relations applying to land are of significant importance for land administration. Such relations include Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities, deriving both from Private and Public Law. However, only the former are normally registered within cadastral systems, while the latter are either not required to be registered, or are registered to individual, thematic registries. Restrictions deriving from Public Law are gradually increasing in number and complexity, and impose significant impacts on land management, thus introducing the need of systematically organising and registering them. Standardisation is considered a means of fulfilling this aim, as it provides a common framework within which, consensus among different stakeholders on a specific process or product is achieved. Within the field of land administration, the international Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) standard plays predominant role in standardising legal relations between beneficiaries and land parcels. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the integration of Public Law Restrictions' (PLRs) requirements, within the LADM context. As a first step, the PLRs are recognised and classified. Next, in relation to modelling based on LADM concept, three approaches are considered: 1. within the Administrative Package by adding subclasses for PLRs to the LA_Restriction class, 2. within the SpatialUnit Package by adding new specialisations and subclasses to the LA_SpatialUnit class (also extending the code list LA_RestrictionType with PLR types) and 3. again within the SpatialUnit Package, but by using the "level" concept of LADM and the class LA_Level (also extending the code list LA_RestrictionType). The different modelling approaches are identified and presented considering modelling efficiency, UML models' complexity and extensibility, while the proposed modelling approach can be considered for further extending and refining the current LADM legal concept, to include PLRs in the context of its revision. After initial considerations, such as model clarity, completeness, but also model simplicity, the authors opted for the third approach, as the one that best fits the purpose of PLR standardisation, which is then further analysed in more detail. Challenges regarding standardisation of PLRs within the LADM context, are also addressed, with regards to the on-going LADM revision process.


Objective To detect the telomerase activity of cells in pleural effusionecl to provide scientific basis for differential diagnosis. Methods Harvesting the cells in all kinds of pleural effusionecl and detect the telomerase activity by TRAP\|ELISA. Results Cells in pleural effusion of heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic renal failure, pneumonia and tuberculosis cannot be detected for telomerase activity, for malignant pleural effusion,91.42% were telomerase positive. The sensitivity of telomerase activity detection for malignant pleural effusion is 91.42%,and the identity is 100%. Conclusion Malignant pleural effusion is telomerase positive. Detection of telomerase activity is important for differential diagnosis between malignant and benign pleural effusion.


Abstract This research was conducted using beef extracted from Kupang (se'i meat), Indonesia. Se'i meat is a locally found food where the preferred mode of preparation is smoking the beef with the preservation using nitrites. Nitrite can cause health-related problems such as cancer. This research was carried out using a true experimental method with a complete randomized design with the aim of analyzing the effect of meat administration on the expression of wild-type p53 protein in colon cells of Balb/c mice as an indicator of carcinogenesis. The measurement of p53 is to observe the increase in the-over-capacity of p53 expression in the colon cell as a result of decrease in wild-type protein p53. This research provides scientific information about the effect of giving se'i meat on the expression of wild-type p53 in cells of Balb/c mice as an indicator of carcinogenesis. A total of 36 male mice of Balb/c strain weighing 23.8 g were divided into four groups classified as samples (P1, P2 and P3) and control (K), which were taken from modern and home industries in the city of Kupang. The results showed that consumption of nitrite-preserved beef se'i (traditional smoked meat) increased the p53 protein expression in colon cells of Balb/c strain male mice, and the least significant difference test also showed that there were differences in wild-type p53 protein expression among the four groups: P1 (mice that have been given the standard food, drinking water and se'i meat that contains no nitrite) has an average of 142 expressions, which is higher than that of P3 (mice that have been given the standard food, drinking water and se'i meat containing nitrite which come from the home industry) which has an average of 106.55 expressions and is higher than that of K (mice that have been given the standard food and drinking water) which has the total average of expression of about 78.11 expressions. The benefit of this research is to gain the scientific information about the effect of giving smoked meat on the expression of wild-type p53 in colon cells of Balb/c mice as a carcinogenic indicator.


The aim of this study was to obtain transgenic pepper plants with double resistances to virus and insect that could be used in developing new pepper variety.The non-virulent defective PAP gene(PamPAP),CaMV35S promoter and Nos terminal were inserted into MCS of pCAMBIA1301Cry2Aa2-PMI.Cry2Aa2 and PamPAP were transferred into pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens with PMI/Man selection system.The results of PCR and Southern blot indicated that Cry2Aa2 and PamPAP had been integrated into the pepper genome.RT-PCR analysis further showed that the Cry2Aa2 and PamPAP had been expressed simultaneously.In addition,resistances to virus and insect were assayed,and the results showed that the positive transgenic pepper plants had higher degree of resistances to CMV and Prodenia litura larva than the non-transgenic plants.This suggested that transgenic pepper plants with double resistances to virus and insect could be obtained by transferring Cry2Aa2 and PamPAP.


The incorporation of animation in mathematics teacher education courses is one method for transforming practices and promoting practice-based education. Animation can be used as an approximation of practice that engages preservice teachers (PSTs) in creating classroom scenes in which they select characters, regulate movement, and construct conversations to generate playable animations (Grossman et al., 2009). We focus on the role of animation as a practice-based expression to denote who, what, and how PSTs professionally notice within a mathematics lesson (Jacobs, Lamb, & Philipp, 2010). The animation provides a mechanism for analysis that transfers PSTs' concepts of teaching to a perceptible reality (Lowe & Schnotz, 2008). We examined the affordances and constraints of using animations as a means of supporting PSTs' development of noticing.


In this paper, a novel experimental preparation scheme of Gaussian modulated coherent state (GMCS) in continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system is proposed based on dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DDMZM). The experimental implementation of the proposed GMCS preparation scheme only depends on a DDMZM instead of an AM and a PM in conventional CVQKD, which simplifies the experimental setup and reduces the costs of the CVQKD system. Moreover, the sum-difference signals of the Rayleigh distribution and uniform distribution are applied on two parallel electrodes of the DDMZM, respectively, getting rid of the accurate time-delay alignment between the AM and the PM in conventional Gaussian modulation scheme. Besides, the measurement method of the prepared GMCS is experimentally demonstrated based on heterodyne detection, and both quadrature (X and P) are simultaneously measured to verify the proposed GMCS preparation scheme.


Urate oxidase (EC126.96.36.199), which catalyzes the oxidation ofuric acid toallantoin, ispresent inmostmammals but absent inhumans andhominoid primates. Inrats andmostother mammalsthat catabolize uric acid toallantoin, this enzyme is localized within thecrystalloid cores ofperoxisomes present in liver parenchymal cells. Todetermine whether urate oxidase forms these crystafloid cores orwhether core-forming protein(s) exist inassociation with urate oxidase, abaculovirus expression vector system wasusedtooverproduce thefufl-length raturate oxidase inSpodoptera frugmerda cells. Urate oxidase wasex- pressed toalevel of"-30%ofthetotal protein inthis system. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated thatthebaculovirus- generated protein hadelectrophoretic andhnmunlgiproper- ties similar tothose ofurate oxidase expressed inratliver. Immunofluorescence andelectron microscopic examination re- vealed that theoverexpressed recombinant urate oxidase ispres- entinboth thecytoplasm andthenucleus ofinfected insect cells asnumerous 1-to3-,m discrete parficles. These insoluble protein aggregates, whichwerepositively stained forurate oxidase by protein A-gold immunocytochemical approach, didnotappear to bedelimited byasingle membrane. Theyrevealed acrystalloid structure reminiscent ofratperoxisomal core consisting ofbun- dles oftubules with aninner diameter of-50A.Therecombinant urate oxidase particles, isolated byasingle-step procedure, were composed entirely of35-kDa urate oxidase subunit. These studies indicate that raturate oxidase iscapable offorming insoluble crystaloid core-like structures. Urate oxidase oruricase (urate:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 220.127.116.11), anenzymethat catalyzes theoxidation ofuric acid toallantoin, occupies a pivotal position inthechain of enzymes responsible forthemetabolism ofpurines (1). The endproduct ofpurine metabolism varies fromspecies to species; inbacteria andsomemarine invertebrates, purines aredegraded touric acid, allantoin, allantoic acid, urea, and thentoammoniaandcarbon dioxide (1). Mostmammals, with theexception ofhumans andhominoid primates, contain urate oxidase intheir livers (2, 3)andexcrete allantoin asthe endproduct ofpurine metabolism, asthese mammals donot contain allantoinase andallantoicase. Theloss ofurate oxi- daseactivity inhumansandhominoid primates (such as chimpanzee, gorilla, andorangutan) results intheexcretion ofuric acid (1). Theabsence ofurate oxidase inhumans and hominoid primates hasbeenshownrecently tobedueto nonsense mutations intheurate oxidase gene(4-6). The presence ofnormal urate oxidase cDNAsequences intheOld andNewWorldmonkeys (such asbaboon, rhesus monkey, andsquirrel monkey(4,6))andtheindication thatthe structure oftheurate oxidase geneishighly conserved during evolution (4-7) suggest that amutational event leading tothe


These accounts are needed to complete the picture of economic activity; to allow us to see the full range of valuable activity. As Statistics Canada put it in its recent comprehensive report on the measurement and valuation of households' unpaid work, the reason for the effort involved is to obtain 'a better understanding of the market and non-market sectors of the economy through a more comprehensive system of national accounts' (Statistics Canada, 1995 : 63).


A fully digitalized function-of-time generator suitable for use as a tone envelope generator in a digital electronic musical instrument, comprising: a clock pulse generator for generating a clock pulse at a selectable rate; a gate enabled at each arrival of the clock pulse; a single-stage binary shift register for successively shifting out its contents as a digital word representing the instantaneous values of a desired function of time synchronously with the clock pulse; a digital subtractor; a digital multiplier; and a digital adder, all of these members being interconnected to each other to be operative so that the output of the register is subtracted from a first set value representing a digital word, the resulting difference being multiplied by a second set value representing a digital word, the resulting product being added to the output of the register via the gate, so that the resulting sum is loaded into the register. Thus, the contents of the register approaches progressively toward the first set value, and finally becomes in agreement therewith. Thus, this musical instrument can produce a musical tone rich in expression and imparted with desired tone envelope characteristic, by appropriate choice of one or more of the first and the second values and the rate of the clock pulse.


The revolutionary resources of Bose Uprising are rich in connotations,diverse in forms,unique in functions,and distinctive in features.These high quality education resources are importantly significant to strengthen and improve the teaching of the ideological and political courses of universities.To develop and utilize such resources scientifically will be beneficial to enrich teaching contents,to widen teaching space,to create teaching methods,and to increase teaching effect.Baise University,as the only university in Baise old revolutionary base area,will shoulder the responsibility to promote the ideological and political education of university students by developing and utilizing these resources.Thus Baise University has made exploration actively and has made primary achievement.


When design calls for joining dissimilar metals to form a pressuretight seal. welding or brazing is usually better than a mechanical joint. The most common processes for such metallurgical joining are: fusion-welding, brazing, and braze-welding. These heat the base metals and join them by melting or by wetting with a third material called the filler metal. Welding, which gives higher strength and is better suited to field operations, is preferable to brazing, unless the base metals are unsuitable. (auth)


External debt as one of the relevant macroeconomic indicators, occurs when there is a payment balance deficit as a result of an imbalance in the payment balance and the foreign exchange balance in international transactions, which are financially covered by loans from international financial organizations in the amount of payment deficit. Countries that are according to all criteria the most developed and economically stable are actually also the most indebted countries, and the poorest countries are the least indebted. Monitoring and sustainability of foreign debt within the realistic economic possibilities is one of the fundamental aspects of the overall macroeconomic stability. The aim of this paper is to present a detailed analysis of the situation, structure and trend of the external debt of the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2000 to 2013. It aims to assess the level of indebtedness and highlight this important indicator of the external position of the Republic of Serbia. In the analysis of the external debt, the paper uses data from national and international financial institutions, notably the National Bank of Serbia, focusing on the relevant indicators of indebtedness. The analysis of the response will highlight the extent of Serbia's foreign debt and answer whether the current pace of borrowing is sustainable in the long term.


Water pollution in Jakarta area, especially river and shallow groundwater, had become a very serious problem. Pollution problem caused by small industrial activities had not been got attetion. Some activities, which often cause water pollution problem, were wastewater from electroplating small industry. This wastewater was one of the most potential pollutant sources, because it contains high concentration of heavy metal pollutant such as Fe, Ni, Zn, Cr, ect. To anticipate its negative effect to the environment and social life, it needs to provide a technical standard plan to manage wastewater treatment plant, especially of electroplating small industries. The purpose of these activities is to do the assessment and application of wastewater treatment technology of electroplating small industry. The target is to get design engineering and pilot plant of wastewater treatment technology for electroplating small industry.


The present project focuses on a strategic promotion proposal for the Villa Ilalo hostel, considering that the location of it does not represent any limitation in the research and development of the project, because it is located on the living route between Cumbaya and Tumbaco , in the city of Quito, (GAD Cumbaya, 2015) and together with time are not factors that interfere with the development of this study. It begins with the statement of the problem, together with the identification, which will serve to develop the analysis of the main objective and the specific objectives also raised with the justification and description of the methodology with the techniques and tools necessary to execute the research, since these elements are essential to carry out this project. Regarding the breakdown of the given chapters, the first one to correspond is the chapter of the theoretical framework, which is the most important chapter of the investigation since from that same part all the theory to be developed and the bases to be based on the approach of said investigation. The second chapter is the situational characterization of the company which consists of a brief description of the business, how its organizational structure and its functions are constituted, as well as defining the profile of the consumer through a market study. The third chapter consists of the analysis of results since with the data obtained through the application of surveys and established interviews, it was possible to give way to the elaboration of the investigation. The fourth and final chapter is the strategic proposal that identifies the objectives, strategies and actions taken with the measurement indicators to make the fulfillment of the proposed objectives effective.


The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) presents an annual assessment of the national level of 'early-stage' entrepreneurial activity and the institutional conditions to which it is subject in a large number of countries. Within the framework of GEM a TEA (Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity) index has been developed to measure (early-stage) entrepreneurial activity. Next to this TEA index, the GEM also provides an indicator for the prevalence of export-oriented entrepreneurs within countries. This chapter presents an example of an empirical analysis using macro-level GEM data for 36 countries. More specifically, this chapter investigates whether the presence of export-oriented entrepreneurs is a more important determinant of economic growth than entrepreneurial activity in general. Our results suggest that export-oriented entrepreneurship is indeed more important for achieving high economic growth rates than entrepreneurial activity in general. JEL-classification: F23, L25, L26, O47, O57


Abstract We present the most recent results from the first stage analysis of the radio data on the pc-scale structure of the powerful radio galaxy Hercules A, observed at 18 cm by the EVN—MERLIN array. The main goal of these observations was to try and detect any pc-scale jet emission on both sides of the central engine, to map the transition region between these and the kpc-scale jets with the highest possible resolution and to resolve the inner jets in detail. A faint, ≃ 14 mJy, but compact radio source, coincident with the optical centre of Hercules A was detected by EVN. A misalignment of about ∼ 35° between a possible emission from the pc-scale jets and the kpc-scale ones has also been detected.


In this paper,the monthly and yearly meteorological data and ecology information in the Baiyang Lake from 1955 to 2010 were analyzed to investigate the effects on the wetlands,in order to provide the basis of protection and sustainable development to the Baiyang Lake.The results showed that the local climate of Baiyang Lake varied in recent 56 years with increasing in temperature but decreasing in the precipitation,wind speed,and sunlight.In 2007,the temperature was the highest in the past 56 years,and after 1996,the precipitation was all below the average of 56 years.The precipitation had significantly positive correlation with the annual highest water level,however,the average temperature had opposite correlation with water area.The changes of water level and water area,coupled with the impact of human activities affected the water quality and biological diversity in the Baiyang Lake and the allocation proportion of different types of land use.


The invention discloses a field calibration method of an optical strapdown inertial navigation system based on least square fit, and belongs to the technical field of inertia. The field calibration method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of outputting inertia data to the system and solving by applying a least square fit method so as to obtain 18 error coefficients of the optical strapdown inertial navigation system by adopting 9 overturning path design, and overturning for one time to obtain a zero offset error so as to obtain the whole 21 device error coefficients. According to the technical scheme, the field calibration method provided by the invention can finish a field calibration test by utilizing a hexahedron or other similar turnover devices, the calibration deficiency of a traditional laboratory is overcome, and the actual use precision of the system is improved.


A possibility of defect annealing of the alkali halide structure with free exciton formation is discussed and a two-stage exciton model of exoelectron emission (EEE) is suggested. According to this model, within the scope of the mechanism previously proposed by the authors, the defect annihilation results at the first stage in formation of an exciton which can ionize an electron centre (the second stage of the process). The probability of an elementary act for the NaCl crystal is calculated. The dependence of the exoemission parameters and energy spectra of exoelectrons on the crystal orientation is studied.

[Russian Text Ignored].


My friend Mr. Mackie has handed me an interesting little fragment of jaw, derived from the Gault at Folkestone. The length of the broken fragment of jaw measures 1⅛ inch; its absolute breadth of an inch. It contains three teeth, of which the largest is conical, incurved, exhibiting around its thickened base a series of sculptured linear depressions, parallel with the axis of the tooth, the interior of which has been converted into phosphate of lime; the second and the third also exhibiting similar characters, the third especially being acuminate, and exhibiting the natural apex of the tooth in an uninjured state. The conformation of such a tooth led my friend Mr. Davies to compare it with the homologous structure in the teeth of the Pachyrhizodus basalis of Agassiz, which is described by Sir Philip Egerton, F.R.S., in Mr. F. Dixon's 'Geology of Sussex.' The specimen figured in that work was obtained from the Lower Chalk at Steyning. The characters, which are given, are—" apex very brittle, slightly curved inwardly, and solid; the base is hollow, and extends into the substance of the jaw." It is further stated that in Sir Philip Egerton's cabinet there is a specimen of this fish, exhibiting an unusually thick and strong humerus, as well as large and circular scales, covered with asperities so minute as to be indistinguishable without the aid of a glass. There are many points of distinction, however, between the Pachyrhizodus basalis of Agassiz, and Mr. Mackie's specimen. Apart from the absolute size of Mr. Dixon's specimen, which is at least double that of the one before me, I am wholly unable to detect in the former any trace of that curious sculptured channelling which is so prominent in the latter specimen. This comparison failing, Mr. Davies showed me some most interesting specimens, also from the Folkestone gault, which exhibited equally perfect evidences of this sculpturing. I would therefore suggest that some temporary or provisional name should be given to this form, which differs from the Pachyrhizodus basalis of Agassiz, both in its stratigraphical habitat and its odontological conformation.


Due to rapid advancement in technology, recently a significant amount of work has been carried out in the field of multi-mode sensor and multifunctional sensor. A single unit of multifunctional sensor provides multiple measurements, which eventually reduces the cost of multiple sensors and makes the system compact. Though the risk of sensor failure and reliability of the multifunctional sensor is always imminent, researchers are working out different methods to make the sensor fault tolerant. Multifunctional sensors are getting widespread acceptance in a variety of fields. This paper provides a review of recent advances in multifunctional sensor technology in the perspective of a multi-sensor system. Different aspects of design and implementation of multifunctional sensor technology have been addressed in this paper. This paper can serve as a basic reading material for students and researchers pursuing research on a multifunctional sensor.


This study was aimed to understand the usage of alginate to immobilize rennin enzyme from Mucor
pusillus and to know the good condition of temperature and pH in the cheese making with immobilized rennin
enzyme from M. pusillus. Rennin from M. pusillus was produced using corn starch as substrate, incubated
at 37oC for 116 hours. Immobilization was conducted with entrapment method using alginate. Proteolytic and
milk-clotting activities of enzyme was measured. Furthermore, the immobilized enzyme was used in the
cheese production with different temperatures (32, 37 and 42oC) and pH (5,0; 5,5 and 6,0) using Split Plot
Design. It was conducted a test of moisture content, protein and fat for produced cheese.
The result showed that the alginate matrix can be used to immobilize rennin enzyme from M. pusillus.
Immobilization of rennin enzyme from M. pusillus has proteolitic activity value 0.1395 unit/ml/minute and
milk-clotting activity value 6090 unit/mg protein/minute. The temperatures (32, 37 and 42oC) and pH (5.0; 5.5
and 6.0) in the fresh cheese making using immobilized rennin enzyme M. pusillus did not give significant
effect (P>0.05) on moisture and protein content, but gave a highly significant effect (P<0.01) to increase fat
content. It is concluded that alginate can be used in the rennin enzyme immobilization. The temperature of
37oC and pH 6.0 can be used to make a good quality cheese with immobilized rennin enzyme from M.
pusillus using alginate.
Keywords: immobilized enzyme, microbial rennin, alginate, cheese


The etiology, prognosis and clinical management of minute thyroid carcinoma has been receiving considerable attention. Between 1981 and 1989, 258 thyroid tumors were examined in our clinic. The clinical features of minute thyroid carcinoma were investigated. This article describes 13 minute thyroid carcinomas. 1) A minute carcinoma was detected in 13 of the 258 (5.0%) thyroid tumors. 2) Three of the 13 patients had clinical signs of carcinoma, 4 had occult carcinoma and 6 had latent carcinoma. 3) All carcinomas were of the papillary type. 4) Soft tissue roentgenography was useful in the diagnosis of symptomatic carcinoma. 5) In occult carcinoma, ipsilateral and/or bilateral neck dissection should be done.


The GTRD database (http://gtrd.biouml.org) contains over 30,000 uniformly processed NGS experiments on transcriptional regulation (ChIP-seq, ChIP-exo, DNase-seq, ATAC-seq, MNase-seq and FAIRE-seq). To process these types of data, pipelines have been developed for the eGrid distributed computing management system and the BioUML platform.


Hamiltonians of electron–phonon interaction for thin metallic films are formulated. This is the basis for the estimate of the superconductivity critical temperature for films and corresponding bulk structures. It is shown that the interaction of surface electrons in the film with bulk phonons could explain the experimental fact that critical temperatures of the films are higher than the corresponding ones in bulk (massive) structures. Since above fact is valid nearly for all pure metallic, one can conclude that the dominant form or the interaction in films is the interaction of surface electrons with bulk phonons.


The traditional sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the problems of low estimation accuracy and poor anti-interference ability. Moreover, the position estimation performance is subjected to position harmonic ripples caused by inverter nonlinearities and flux spatial harmonics. To optimize the dynamic performance of the PMSM sensorless control system, this paper proposes a sensorless control scheme that combines integral backstepping control with enhanced linear extended state observer (ELESO). The ELESO consists of two linear extended state observers (LESOs), which estimate the internal and external disturbances of the system, to improve the estimation accuracy of rotor position. Then, the integral backstepping controller processes the estimated rotor position and speed information to obtain d and q-axis voltages. The sensorless control scheme is implemented in the Matlab/Simulink and verified by experiments. The simulation and experiment show that the scheme can effectively suppress load interference and improve control accuracy.


Research in North Sea Economics has been conducted in the Economics Department since 1973. The present and likely future effects of oil and gas developments on the Scottish economy formed the subject of a long term study undertaken for the Scottish Office. The final report of this study, The Economic Impact of North Sea Oil on Scotland, was published by HMSO in 1978. In more recent years further work has been done on the impact of oil on local economies and on the barriers to entry and characteristics of the supply companies in the offshore oil industry. The second and longer lasting theme of research has been an analysis of licensing and fiscal regimes applied to petroleum exploitation. Work in this field was initially financed by a major firm of accountants, by British Petroleum, and subsequently by the Shell Grants Committee. Much of this work has involved analysis of fiscal systems in other oil producing countries including Australia, Canada, the United States, Indonesia, Egypt, Nigeria and Malaysia. Because of the continuing interest in the UK fiscal system many papers have been produced on the effects of this regime. From 1985 to 1987 the Economic and Social Science Research Council financed research on the relationship between oil companies and Governments in the UK, Norway, Denmark and The Netherlands. A main part of this work involved the construction of Monte Carlo simulation models which have been employed to measure the extents to which fiscal systems share in exploration and development risks. Over the last few years the research has examined the many evolving economic issues generally relating to petroleum investment and related fiscal and regulatory matters. Subjects researched include the economics of incremental investments in mature oil fields, economic aspects of the CRINE initiative, economics of gas developments and contracts in the new market situation, economic and tax aspects of tariffing, economics of infrastructure cost sharing, the effects of comparative petroleum fiscal systems on incentives to develop fields and undertake new exploration, the oil price responsiveness of the UK petroleum tax system, and the economics of decommissioning, mothballing and re-use of facilities. This work has been financed by a group of oil companies and Scottish Enterprise, Energy. The work on CO2 Capture, EOR and storage was financed by a grant from the Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC) in the period 2005 – 2008. For 2010 the programme examines the following subjects:


Propagation of optical signals measured along the atmospheric plasma-jet column according to the operational voltage polarity is analyzed with the electrostatic plasma-diffusion wave in terms of the characteristic speeds of plasma fluids, such as the plasma drift ud, the gas flow ub, and the plasma diffusion un. For the positive voltage, the ion wave propagates with the wave-packet velocity of ug ~ cs2/un, where cs is the acoustic velocity along the whole column of plasma jet without any restrictions. The electron wave propagates backward with the group velocity of electron drift with ug ~ -ued toward the high voltage electrode right after passing of the frontline of ion wave-packet. For the negative voltage, the ion wave propagates on the high ionization column with the wave-packet velocity of ug ~ cs2/un. The electron wave propagates forward while its propagation mode varies from the group velocity of ug ~ cs2/un on a region of high electric field to the velocity of electron drift with ug ~ +ued on a low field region.


According to the current production situation,the factors that influence the life-span of stamping mould are analyzed from the design of mould structure,material selection,the surface quality of mould heat treatment,surface strengthening and the precision of parts manufacturing and so on,and the corresponding measures that used to enhance the life-span of the mould were proposed.


ABSTRACT Recently we have hypothesised that bacteria might have some protective mechanism for elimination of highly reactive carbonyl (glycating) compounds out of the cell (3). To check this hypothesis, we have studied here the ability of bacterial culture media obtained after overnight cultivation of E. coli AB 1157 cells to glycate a lysine rich protein (histone H1). Four different methods were applied for identification of glycation products in the reporter protein: fluorescence spectroscopy, ELISA, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and determination of reactive carbonyl groups. The obtained results showed an increased fluorescence at λem = 440 nm upon excitation at 370 nm (specific for the advanced glycation end products, AGEs), elevated content of reactive carbonyls in the reporter protein and immunoreactivity with an imidazolone specific monoclonal antibody. PAGE also revealed changes in the treated histone H1 (fragmentation and covalent aggregation) which were typical for glycated proteins. All these together make it reasonable to conclude that the bacterial culture media contain reactive glycating compounds excreted from the E. coli cells during their growth.


63,65Cu NMR and NQR measurements reveal remarkably different electronic character at the Cu(1) chain and Cu(2) plane sites in YBa2Cu3O7.0. In the normal state, spin‐lattice relaxation rates at both sites are strongly enhanced relative to estimated d‐band Korringa (T1) rates, but have sharply different temperature dependencies. Moreover, T1 anisotropy is greater than an enhanced Korringa model can account for. Below Tc, the temperature dependencies reveal significantly different spectra for quasiparticle excitation at the two sites with the strongest apparent energy gap occurring for the planar Cu(2) sites. At reduced oxygen content (YBa2Cu3O6.7) the relaxation at the Cu(1) sites is only slightly (∼30%) less than observed for YBa2Cu3O7.0 while the rates for the resonance at the frequency of the Cu(2) sites in YBa2Cu3O7.0 exhibit a large (∼2000 ×) decrease for a minority of planar Cu(2) sites indicates that these sites are electronically inactive. NMR shift measurements are used to analyze the susceptibilit...


Application of knowledge of phase equilibrium and surface phenomenon in physical chemistry,recrystallization distillation and fractionation of college chemistry base experimentation were discussed deeply.It was important to experiment teaching that combined theory with practice.


It is argued that the entitativity of the ingroup moderates the level of identification with the ingroup. Specifically; that high levels of entitativity are conducive to strong identification, whereas low levels of entitativity reduce identification with the ingroup. These hypotheses were tested across four studies using the European Union (EU) as the reference group. The four studies manipulated four different factors that, according to Campbell (1958), impact on group entitativity: common fate (Study 1), similarity (Study 2), salience (Study 3), and boundedness (Study 4). Across the four studies, we found evidence for the impact of these factors on the level of identification with the EU among European citizens holding moderate attitudes toward the EU but not (or much less) for citizens holding more extreme attitudes towards the EU. Mediational analyses further confirmed the viability of an entitativity-based interpretation of the impact of the manipulations on the level of identification. The findings are discussed in light of the current debate on the concept of entitativity, the motives for social identification, and the reduction of ingroup bias. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.


This paper reports the synthesis and optical characterization of indium doped cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoribbons (NRs) by the metal-catalyzed vapour–liquid–solid growth method. The NRs had a hexagonal wurtzite structure, lengths of up to 100 µm, widths of 0.6–15 µm and thicknesses of 30–60 nm. Indium doping into the CdS lattice was identified and characterized by low-temperature photoluminescence and photoconductivity measurements. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements showed that the PL spectra of the In-doped CdS NRs have three emission peaks at 9 K, which can be attributed to band edge emission (2.510 eV) and shallow donor levels (2.398 eV and 2.366 eV) due to doping, respectively. Photoconductive characteristics including spectral response and light intensity response of the doped CdS NR were also investigated. The dark current in the doped CdS NRs was found to be one order higher in magnitude than that of the intrinsic, which can be attributed to effective incorporation of the indium dopant in the CdS crystal lattice and, subsequently, the reduction in the recombination barrier in the nanostructures. The current jumped from 1.8 × 10−9 to 2.1 × 10−5 A upon white light illumination with a power density of 2 mW cm−2. The presented results show promising application of these materials in the field of optoelectronics as photo detectors.


In responding to disaster occurrences, information holds a key factor in order to minimize casualties. Therefore, an efficient disaster information system must be easily accessible anytime. As the mobile technology in form of smartphones has been increasingly popular, smartphone users can act as the information provider whenever disaster occurs. This paper proposes design of such system that leverage smartphones as a tool for users to participate in both providing and consuming comprehensive disaster information.


To perform the variability testing of Software Product Lines (SPLs) a set of products, represented in the Feature Model (FM), should be selected. Such selection is impacted by conflicting factors and has been efficiently solved by Evolutionary Multi-objective Algorithms in combination with hyper-heuristics. However, many times there is a cost budget or coverage level to be satisfied during the test, which are difficult to be incorporated as objective functions. Due to this, the choice of the best solution to be used in practice is not always easy. To deal with this situation, this paper introduces a preference-based hyper-heuristic approach to solve this problem. The approach implements the preference-based algorithm r-NSGA-II working with the random and FRRMAB selection methods. This last one uses a reward function based on r-dominance concept that takes into consideration a Reference Point provided by the tester. Our approach outperforms existing approaches, as well as the traditional algorithm r-NSGA-II, generating a reduced number of non-interesting solutions from the tester's point of view, that is, considering the provided Region of Interest (ROI).


Background An antrochoanal polyp (ACP) originates from the maxillary antrum and simple excision results in high recurrence rates. Canine fossa puncture (CFP) has been proposed as an alternative method of accessing the entire maxillary antrum. To investigate the long-term effects of the CFP approach on changes in the maxillary sinus volume in pediatric patients with an ACP, we compared the sinus volume on the operated and normal sides, using preoperative computed tomography (CT), and postoperative CT performed at least 3 years after the procedure. The surgical outcomes were also assessed using endoscopic and CT findings. Methods Seven patients met the inclusion criteria and the ACP was removed via the CFP approach. After a mean follow-up period of 43.9 months, we compared the changes in the maxillary sinus volume between the operated and normal sides, using the pre- and postoperative CT data. Results No contractures or decrease in the maxillary sinus volume on the diseased side were observed in any of the patients on postoperative CT, and the average volume of both maxillary sinuses was greater on postoperative CT compared with the preoperative scans. None of the patients showed evidence of recurrence on the endoscopic and CT examinations. Conclusion CFP did not affect the maxillary sinus volume in pediatric patients with an ACP and led to a successful surgical outcome in all of the patients. Based on these results, we recommend CFP as a safe, effective method for the treatment of ACP.


Background and Objective : In this research, the performance of coagulation and flocculation process for the removal of pollutants from raw wastewater as well as anaerobic unit effluent of biological treatment of textile dyeing factory wastewater treatment plant was investigated. Methods : For this purpose, the Jar test unit as a batch reactor, FeCl3, PAC, and Alum as coagulants, and two polyelectrolytes, namely, Zetafloc 7563 and Megafloc 3045PWG as cationic and anionic flocculants were used and the effect of coagulant dosage and type as well as flocculant type on removal of COD, turbidity and color were investigated in two stages. Findings : The results of coagulation and flocculation experiments on raw wastewater showed that Alum at concentration of 40 mg/L was the most effective coagulant with COD, turbidity and color removal efficiency of 73.1±1.5%, 93.7% and 71.7%, respectively. However, the results of coagulation and flocculation experiments on the effluent from biological anaerobic treatment unit showed that the highest percentage of COD and turbidity removal were 52.2±2.6% and 99.1%, respectively that corresponds to PAC with concentration of 2000 mg/L. Additionally, the COD removal efficiency of FeCl 3 coagulant at concentration of 400 mg/L was 52.2±3.5%. The difference in the results of the two stages was due to the change in the nature of the pollutants after exposure to biological treatment and different pH of the wastewater used in these stages. Discussion and Conclusion : A general review of the results showed that use of physicochemical treatment applying only coagulation and flocculation process could not reduce the pollutants present in the dyeing wastewater for reuse, while this method could be considered as a pretreatment or one of the secondary treatment steps and post treatment.


The first example of iminoalkynylation of unactivated olefins with terminal alkynes was achieved by a nickel-catalyzed iminyl-radical cyclization/Sonogashira-type coupling sequence.


To the Editor : For patients with mechanical and bioprosthetic heart valve replacement, vitamin K antago-nist (VKA) therapy is recommended according to guide-lines. Effective and safe therapy with warfarin requires continuous monitoring of prothrombin time and international normalized ratio (INR) levels to adjust the dose of warfarin


The invention discloses an infrared household appliance controller having access to an intelligent household network, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent household control. The infrared household appliance controller comprises a man-machine interaction module, a communication module, an infrared control module, a storage module, a power source module and a core processor, wherein the core processor is respectively connected with the man-machine interaction module, the communication module, the infrared control module and the storage module; the communication module is used for achieving the communication connection between the infrared household appliance controller and the intelligent household network and the communication connection between the infrared household appliance controller and the Ethernet; the infrared control module is used for controlling infrared household appliances; the storage module is used for storing infrared control commands and XML files of the infrared household appliances; the man-machine interaction module is used for achieving the man-machine interaction function of the infrared household appliance controller. The infrared household appliance controller can have access to the intelligent household network, achieve the uniform control over different infrared household appliances of different families, and meet the household experience requirements of people for intellectualization and humanization.


Abstract The first larval stage of Scyllarus posteli Forest, 1963, and Processa macrodactyla Holthuis, 1952, are described and illustrated from material reared in the laboratory. For both a diagnostic key for the identification of the first larval stage is provided. For Mediterranean and adjacent Atlantic Scyllarus species have been described but this is the first larval stage of a Scyllarus to be identified with certainty. S. posteli belongs to the second scyllarid group larvae proposed by Sekiguchi (1987), which has four long plumose setae on the distal segment of the maxilla. Processa macrodactyla is characterized by presenting abdominal somite 3 without dorsal spine, four small marginal denticles behind pterygostomian spine, and antennal exopod at least 3/4 the length of antennal scale.


The VSST (Viscometer Sag Shoe Test) is part of a long list of simple, inexpensive drilling fluids measurements used to monitor complex well behavior at the wellsite, which in the VSST case is barite sag. Issues have arisen regarding its use and interpretation, especially when comparing VSST results with field data. Ultimate success, understandably, depends on proper interpretation of results with due consideration and appreciation for the limitations exacted by the simplicity and low cost of the test equipment. The primary focus of this paper is to address certain contentious issues related to the VSST and provide practical guidelines for maximizing its use to monitor a fluid's ability to mitigate barite sag. Design specifics of the Sag Shoe insert used in the VSST also are discussed to clarify test protocols and to deal with the few misconceptions that could undermine the test value. Introduction The definitive measure of barite sag is made in the field. It is recognized during drilling operations as a significant (> 0.5 lb/gal) drilling fluid density variation, lighter followed by heavier than the nominal fluid density. This is measured when circulating bottoms up, where a weighted fluid has remained uncirculated for a period of time in a directional well [Bern, et al. 2010]. For good reason, however, several wellsite and lab tests have been developed over the past two decades to better understand the phenomenon, to help identify and monitor key parameters, and to improve drilling fluid formulations. Fit-forpurpose flow loops generally are considered the best equipment to simulate and study barite sag, but they simply are neither practical nor cost-effective for wellsite use or for repetitive lab tests required for evaluation and screening. The subject of this paper is the VSST (Viscometer Sag Shoe Test), a recent example of simple, inexpensive drilling fluids measurements used to monitor complex fluid behavior at the wellsite. The VSST [Zamora and Bell 2004] is an improved version of the VST (Viscometer Sag Test) [Jefferson 1991] introduced to roughly quantify barite settling in a dynamic drilling fluid. The VST was developed soon after barite sag was first recognized as primarily a dynamic settling problem followed by subsequent static settling and slumping [Hanson, et al. 1990]. Functionally, both the VST and VSST determine the density increase at the bottom of a small container after consistent shearing of the test fluid. The major difference between the two devices is the sag "shoe" insert used in the VSST. This low-cost modification helps improve consistency, sensitivity, and accuracy of the standard VST. Additionally, it can provide a measure of sag bed re-suspension efficiency to assist with operational decisions prior to tripping out of the hole when barite sag is a possibility. The VST has had its share of supporters over its 20-yr life (perhaps because it has been one of the very few sag tests available for wellsite use), but the VSST is gaining in popularity. If all goes according to plan, the VSST should soon achieve status as a standard API practice [Bern, et al. 2010], but not without some level of controversy. Even the move from the VST to the VSST has been a matter for discussion, given that VSST values, by design, are always higher. The ultimate success of any drilling fluid test depends on proper interpretation of results with due consideration and appreciation for the limitations exacted by its design. True to form, the fluids industry continually demands tests to be performed quickly and with simple, cheap, and robust apparatus. And when this is achieved, it sometimes searches for short cuts and results that can extend beyond the main purpose of the test. The Marsh funnel, a good case in point, still has detractors despite its longevity (>80 yrs), its ASTMstandard status, its universal use, and its ideal design for wellsite statistical process control. At least no one would ever consider directly correlating funnel viscosity and a pressurewhile drilling measurement. The venerable funnel simply measures a fluid property, much like the VSST does. While the VSST will never achieve the level of acceptance of the Marsh funnel, it should be recognized for what it measures and for how the results correlate with field sag measurements. The primary focus of this paper is to address certain contentious issues related to the VSST and provide practical guidelines for maximizing its value to monitor a fluid's ability to mitigate barite sag. The goal is not to provide extensive test results and detailed case histories. Design specifics of the Sag Shoe insert used in the VSST also are discussed to clarify test protocols and to deal with several misconceptions that could undermine the test value. Design by Boundaries and Limitations The VSST designation is derived from the rotational viscometer that provides the dynamic environment and the AADE-11-NTCE-44


[Objectives] To investigate the environment of bathing beach at Haikou,and determine the effect of seabathing on the health of people.[Methods] At the time of 3-5 pm of 23th to 24th June in 2008,the questionnaire included the change of symptoms' ratio such as highly credible gastrointestinal allergies,skin rash,eye and nose and ear infectious,improvement of chest distress and skin and athlete's foot and spirit and so on.[Results] A total of 500 questionnaires were used,and 460 questionnaires were retrieved.The rate of eyes infection and ear pain in swimming group were significantly higher than those of non-swimming group(P﹤0.01).The incidence of nauseous in swimming group was significantly lower than non-swimming group.The rate of skin pruritus,stomachache,diarrhea,rhinorrhoea of flu,throat pain,and improvement of spirit,tinea pedis andsymptom of coronary disease patients in stable phase and cardiovascular patients in the two groups did not showed significantly difference(P﹥0.05).The main symptoms of swimmers were eye sore and skin pruritus;and the main improved symptoms were dizzy and skin smooth.The Logistic regression demonstrated the main risk factor of ear pain were swimming(OR=2.619,95%CI:1.329-5.161),the risk factor of eye infection was without swimming goggles(OR=2.348,95%CI:1.388-3.973).The risk factor of nauseous was swallowing seawater when swimming(OR =7.258,95%CI:3.104-16.929).[Conclusion] The questionnaire suggested that seabathing had advantageous and disadvantageous on the health of population,and the swimming habits have great effect on the health.It is necessary to prepare safequard procedures,protect eyes and ear,as well as decrease the frequency of swimming and choose better swimming pool.


Temporal lobe epilepsy is characterized by hippocampal neuronal death in CA1 and hilus. Dentate gyrus granule cells survive but show dispersion of the compact granule cell layer. This is associated with decrease of the glycoprotein Reelin, which regulates neuron migration and dendrite outgrow. Reelin‐deficient (reeler) mice show no layering, their granule cells are dispersed throughout the dentate gyrus. We studied granule cell dendritic orientation and distribution of postsynaptic spines in reeler mice and two mouse models of temporal lobe epilepsy, namely the p35 knockout mice, which show Reelin‐independent neuronal migration defects, and mice with unilateral intrahippocampal kainate injection. Granule cells were Golgi‐stained and analyzed, using a computerized camera lucida system. Granule cells in naive controls exhibited a vertically oriented dendritic arbor with a small bifurcation angle if positioned proximal to the hilus and a wider dendritic bifurcation angle, if positioned distally. P35 knockout‐ and kainate‐injected mice showed a dispersed granule cell layer, granule cells showed basal dendrites with wider bifurcation angles, which lost position‐specific differences. Reeler mice lacked dendritic orientation. P35 knockout‐ and kainate‐injected mice showed increased dendritic spine density in the granule cell layer. Molecular layer dendrites showed a reduced spine density in kainate‐injected mice only, whereas in p35 knockouts no reduced spine density was seen. Reeler mice showed a homogenous high spine density. We hypothesize that granule cells migrate in temporal lobe epilepsy, develop new dendrites which show a spread of the dendritic tree, create new spines in areas proximal to mossy fiber sprouting, which is present in p35 knockout‐ and kainate‐injected mice and loose spines on distal dendrites if mossy cell death is present, as it was in kainate‐injected mice only. These results are in accordance with findings in epilepsy patients.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the realization of the Programme of slum dwelling dismantling and the development of housing construction in the Republic of Tatarstan as one of the most successfully realized programmes in the social housing scheme. Great attention was paid to the formation processes and further development of the favourable programme that provides citizens with comfortable and afford-able housing. The author also touches the problem of the role of government in the sphere of housing policies on the territory of Tatarstan.


The urbanization caused a lot of environmental geology problems, and it has become one of the key restricted conditions of urban development. According to the existing problems of environmental geology in Inner Mongolia, the ideas and gist of prevention and control are analyzed.


Abstract : Background: Over 55% of trainees change career plans at least once during residency, but the factors that drive these decisions are undefined. Since 2008 at our institution, internal medicine (IM) residents have been required to do a four-week inpatient ID rotation as an intern. Timing of this rotation was randomly assigned. We evaluated the effect of IM interns' experiences on their ID rotation on future application for ID fellowship.


team-based learning (TBL) is an instructional strategy that promotes small group learning and peer instruction in a large class environment ([5][1]). TBL is structured to include the following steps: 1 ) student preparation, e.g., reading/reviewing course lectures, and 2 ) readiness assurance


Having been desired by the President of the Royal Society to draw up, from various letters transmitted to him and to the Society, and from such other authentic information as I might be able to procure, an account of the earthquake which was felt in most of the midland counties of England, on Wednesday, November 18, 1795, I beg leave to lay before the Society the following account thereof; which, however imperfect it may be, contains all the material information I have been able to obtain upon the subject. The earthquake happened, as is already said, on Wednesday, November 18, about eleven o'clock at night. The state of the weather, and other circumstances previous to it, are described in some of the letters hereafter noticed. Before I proceed to take notice of them, I shall endeavour to give a general idea of its extent.


The relationship between optical measurements of whole tomato and pigment content was studied. The difference between the absorbances (A) at 710 and 780 nm [AA (710-780 nm)] correlated significantly (I = 0.98) with chlorophyll contents of 0.3-l 3.4 pg/g fresh weight (gfw). The AA (570-780 nm) correlated significantly (I = 0.97) with lycopene contents of 0.2-46.7 pg/gfw. The AA (550-580 nm) correlated significantly with the p-carotene ,content (I = 0.95). The reflectance measurements correlated with the chlorophyll and lycopene contents, but the coefficients were lower and the standard errors were larger than those observed with the absorbance measurements.


AbstrcatThis paper presents the MATLAB an optimization tool used for curve fitting in automobil engineering,an easy and efficienty way to solve the optimization issues either linear or nonlinear.Example was given to explain how to imitate a curve with MATLAB for car turning trapezium designing.


In this paper the technologies for heating reserve liquid fuel at a thermal power plants are proposed. Provision is made to implement a transition from fuel oil to another reserve fuel that does not require high-temperature heating at thermal power plants. A comparative analysis of the traditional scheme of heating reserve fuel with industrial steam and other coolants was carried out. The analysis was carried out using the exergy method, which allows taking into account different types of power. Exergy flows, exergy losses and exergy coefficient of efficiency are calculated for traditional and proposed technologies of reserve fuel heating.


I his note was one of many that I reFlorida in some ways made it difficult ceived from Jimmie during a threefor school personnel to openly corn year period. The notes were not always miserate with the civil rights struggles as encouraging as this one. One of his of the gay community. The Supreme earlier messages asked this question: It Court's refusal to deal with a is said that a person's youth can be one Washington state school teacher's suit of the happiest times of life. Is that so? against a school board that had fired Jimmie's youth certainly had not him solely because he was homosexual been a very happy time for him. In the added to the prevailing paranoia. Al seventh grade kids started to call him though gays under attack gathered faggot and mimic his walk. My relastrength, some of us began to shrink tionship with Jimmie did not begin from all the negative vibes generated until three years later, although other by our peers who were tuned into the teenagers had come to me with similar television coverage and sustained by problems. the Good Housekeeping polls. Many school counselors seem to put


Cotton is the main cash crop in Pakistan and it contributes 0.8% shares in GDP (Gross domestic product). The area of cotton in Pakistan is increased in recent years but its production is decreasing due to unfavorable climatic conditions. COVID-19 outbreak has also an effect on cotton consumption. From August 2019 to July 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic reduced global cotton consumption by 15%. Agricultural extension and advisory activities play an important role in agricultural development and can help to improve the living conditions of farmers. Keeping in view the importance of working in agriculture field staff for cotton, the present study was designed to analyze the quality of knowledge transferred by agriculture field staff. The present study was based on primary data and conducted in the district Muzfargarh becsasue it is one of major cotton producing district of Pujnab, Pakistan. A total of 180 respondents were taken from Tehsil Alipur of Muzfargarh from different union councils through a simple random sampling technique and interviewed through a pretested structured interview schedule. The data collected was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). About 58% of the respondents identified that extension meetings are good source of information and 37.7% of the respondent said that agricultural field staff visit them on monthly basis. Impact of improved cotton management practices on health rated satisfactory by 52.77% of respondents. Based on findings it is recommended that the government should work with all stakeholders to implement regular training programs for cotton farmers in all areas. Monitoring of agricultural field staff should also be done on regular basis. Modern ways of communications should be implemented in rural areas for the quality of knowledge transfer among cotton growers.


ABSTRACT In the last decades, abundant evidence from behavioral and imaging studies has suggested that a specialized neural network known as the mirror neuron system (MNS) could underlie empathy. Despite the fact that the properties of the adult MNS brain are now well known, we are yet to describe its emergence and development throughout infancy, childhood and adolescence. In this review, we present evidence describing the emergence and development of empathy in the early years of life. It is proposed that the development of empathetic abilities is linked to the neurobiological development of the MNS, which may be present at birth in a rudimentary form and refined through social experiences and brain maturation. KEYWORDS: empathy, mirror neuron system, development, motor resonance. INTRODUCTION Empathy can be defined as the affective and cognitive capacity to understand and share the emotions, feelings and mental state of others, without any direct emotional stimulation to oneself, and without confusion between the self and others (Decety & Jackson, 2004). A growing body of evidence suggests that the mirror neuron system (MNS) plays a fundamental role in empathy and social cognition in general (Gallese, 2003). It has also been proposed that the basic neuronal mechanism enabling "mirroring" could be in place at birth, and then evolve as an individual is exposed to the actions and emotions of others (Lepage & Theoret, 2007). Despite the fact that considerable research has focused on detailing the existence and properties of the MNS in the adult brain, little is known about its emergence and development throughout infancy, childhood, and adolescence. A better understanding of the developing MNS would be of great theoretical and clinical interest, particularly with regards to neurodevelopmental disorders in which MNS abnormalities are concomitant to significant deficits in empathy and other aspects of social cognition. In this article, we provide an overview of adult MNS properties and review neuroscientific data supplying arguments in favour of the implication of the MNS in empathy and social cognition, with an emphasis on the early developmental stages of empathy. Possible implications of the outlined neuroscientific evidence for the development of empathy will be also discussed. Specifically, it is suggested that the development of empathic abilities is linked to the neurobiological development of the MNS. The motor resonance theory of social cognition Monkey MNS Mirror neurons are a particular category of visuo-auditory-motor neurons originally discovered in area F5 of the monkey premotor cortex, using single cell recordings. These neurons discharge both when a monkey does a specific action and when it sees or hears another individual, monkey or human, doing a similar action (Gallese, Fadiga, Fogassi, & Rizzolatti, 1996; Kohler et al., 2002; Rizzolatti & Craighero, 2004; Rizzolatti, Fadiga, Gallese, & Fogassi, 1996). One of the main hypotheses regarding the functional role of the monkey MNS involves action understanding (Rizzolatti, Fogassi, & Gallese, 2001). The hypothesized mechanism suggests that during the observation of a particular action performed by another individual, the visual representation of that action juxtaposes with its own motor representation in the brain of the observer. In other words, the MNS allows the monkey to understand the actions of others because it automatically activates the motor representation corresponding to that which would spontaneously be generated during active action, and whose outcome is known to the acting individual (Rizzolatti & Craighero, 2004). Human MNS Although the direct observation of mirror neurons by means of single-cell recordings has yet to be done in humans, many recent studies have convincingly inferred the presence of mirror neurons in humans using non-invasive neuroimaging techniques. …


In 1990 the Wembere-Manonga Palaeontological Expedition (WMPE) conducted preliminary geological and palaeontological research in the Manonga Valley of northern Tanzania. The expedition succeeded in recovering thousands of vertebrate fossils, including over eight hundred taxonomically identifiable mammals, from ten different localities. The fossils were preserved in a series of fine-grained calcareous sediments that were deposited in an extensive but relatively shallow lake basin. A preliminary analysis of the fauna indicates that the fossil sites probably range in age from late Miocene to late Pliocene (ca. 6-3 Ma). The estimated age of the sites in the Manonga Valley, and their close geographical proximity to major hominid-bearing localities in northern Tanzania, makes them of evident potential significance for research into the earliest stages of human evolution.


Error Diffusion is a high-performance halftoning method in which quantization errors are diffused to 'future' pixels. Originally intended for grayscale images, it is traditionally extended to color images by Error-Diffusing each of the three color planes independently. In this paper we show that augmenting the Error Diffusion paradigm with a simple design rule based on certain characteristics of human color perception, results in a novel color halftoning algorithm named color diffusion. The output of color diffusion is of considerable higher quality compared to separable error diffusion. The algorithm presented requires no additional memory and entails a reasonable increase in run-time.


An open trial study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tsumura-Saireito® in otitis media with effusion.Of the 69 ears studied, results were excellent in 23 ears (33.3%) and good in 26 (37.7%). Forty ears (64.5%) showed improvement on pure tone audiography and 28 ears (46.7%) on tympanography. Mild side effects (diarrhea and urinary frequency) were noted in 2 cases (5%).


The article is devoted to improving the technical and economic indicators (TEI) of ore-thermal furnaces operation. The reserves for improvement TEP depending on the degree of development of the technological process are available on any electric furnace. To search for these reserves requires holding furnace on special studies or workrelated furnace for a given program for some time (active experiment, the preferred option), or without interfering with the normal course of its operation (passive experiment). The main ways to increase TEP operation of the electric furnace: monitoring the state of the elements of its construction; reduction of the heat losses (based on heat balance); providing input into the bath furnace maximum useful power; ensuring the stability of the process parameters; determination of rational parameters of power furnace operation on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the array data; improvement of the automated control system of an electric furnace. The technique of long-term comprehensive experimental studies of electrical, thermal and technological processes for operating electric furnace for the production of carbon ferrochrome at the application of various types of charge materials is considered. The description used measurement systems, methods of processing, storage and presentation of the information received. Recommendations for improving the energy efficiency of the furnace are provided. The issues related to the creation and the use of systems to make operational decisions and management of electro-technological process of production of ferroalloys are analyzed. The complexity of maintaining a rational mode of operation of the electric furnace is also related to the fact that the process in it is a complex multifactorial system that fails to fully give way to prior analytical calculations, so the task requires experimental solution due to the need for additional instrumentation of the furnace. The implementation of the provisions set forth is also contributed by specifically developed for this purpose POLINOM program. This program set in ACS furnace allows tracking additional relationships between parameters and facilitating maintenance of electro-technological process either in the form of advice to the operator or automatically. The algorithms used in the ACS on the basis of the work carried out in electric furnaces in the smelting of highcarbon ferrochrome can be used in the smelting of other types of ferroalloys with minor adjustments


Hybrid ventilation is the building ventilation system that integrates natural ventilators for air supply and mechanical ventilation components. It creates a negative pressure in air duct with an exhaust fan to prevent the backflow of air into the room and has advantage of prevent condensation of water vapor by the absolute humidity control. The purpose of the study is to identify the apartment ventilation performance in applying the hybrid ventilation system. Ventilation experiments were performed with concentration decay method using tracer gas. The six experimental conditions were set by exhaust fan, natural ventilator and window opening. Ventilation performance was evaluated by average air change rate, room mean age of air and ventilation effectiveness. When the exhaust fan was activated, air change rate was found over 0.5ACH and satisfied the criteria of a designed ventilation rate.


The abusive anti-competitive behaviors arise from the significant market power that certain firms or groups of firms may have. To determine whether a company is in such a position or risk to achieve such a condition, empirical research has developed a series of quantitative tools that facilitate analysis of market power that a firm has in a particular context.


The modified Willadsen's and McGrath - Solter's enucleation methods were used in the study to remove the nuclei of oocytes of Yanbian Yellow cattle, and the enucleation efficiency of both methods were compared as well. The results showed that the modified Willadsen's method, squeezing enucleation, was superior to the McGrath-Solter's method in enucleation time (1 min per oocyte) (P0. 05) and the enucleation efficiency (94%) (P0. 01), which suggested that the modified Willadsen's method is a rapid, simple and practical enucleation method to remove the nucleus of oocyte of Yanbian yellow cattle.


A theoretical study of the influence of word line and common source electrodes on the program operation in shrank SuperFlash memory is proposed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the literature model defined for previous nodes is not always suitable, due to the continuous cell physical size reduction and to the consequent increment of capacitive coupling between the floating gate and adjacent electrodes. To get a deeper insight, an analytical model of the electric field in the region of source side injection is proposed. This model describes the impact of the cell physical and electrical parameters on the vertical and horizontal field components and highlights the strong dependence of the carrier injection on the technology node. Furthermore, the numerical and analytical models estimate the influence of the word line and common source electrodes on the time-to-program, the floating gate potential and the source side injection efficiency, taking into consideration, at the same time, their possible impact on the cell reliability.


[PROBLEMS] To provide a process for producing a resistance change device that is capable of reducing the amount of current flowing per cell as compared with that of the prior art. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] In the production of resistance change memory (ReRAM) adapted to store data through resistance change of resistance change device (71), first, transistor (T), interlayer insulating films (61, 65), W-plugs (62a, 62b, 66), etc. are formed on semiconductor substrate (50). Subsequently, Pt film (67) as an under electrode of the resistance change device (71) is formed, and thereupon transition metal film (Ni film) (68) is formed. Thereafter, the surface of the transition metal film (68) is oxidized to thereby form transition metal oxide film (69), and thereupon Pt film (70) as an upper electrode is formed. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009


ABSTRACT Two α-amylase-producing strains of Aspergillus oryzae, a wild-type strain and a recombinant containing additional copies of the α-amylase gene, were characterized with respect to enzyme activities, localization of enzymes to the mitochondria or cytosol, macromolecular composition, and metabolic fluxes through the central metabolism during glucose-limited chemostat cultivations. Citrate synthase and isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD) activities were found only in the mitochondria, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP) activities were found only in the cytosol, and isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, malate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD) activities were found in both the mitochondria and the cytosol. The measured biomass components and ash could account for 95% (wt/wt) of the biomass. The protein and RNA contents increased linearly with increasing specific growth rate, but the carbohydrate and chitin contents decreased. A metabolic model consisting of 69 fluxes and 59 intracellular metabolites was used to calculate the metabolic fluxes through the central metabolism at several specific growth rates, with ammonia or nitrate as the nitrogen source. The flux through the pentose phosphate pathway increased with increasing specific growth rate. The fluxes through the pentose phosphate pathway were 15 to 26% higher for the recombinant strain than for the wild-type strain.


The aim of this study was to identify fingers dermatoglyph by athletes involved in power sports, from the standpoint of sexual dimorphism. We are identified qualitative and quantity indicators of manual patterns at men and the women in power kind of sport. Athletes and individuals not involved in sports are having differences in fingers dermatoglyph. Distinctive feature of sportsmen in power kind of sport is presence of more difficult pattern a curl and practically there is no simple pattern an arch.


Using a /spl pi/-type multiple coupled microstrip line structure, a highly miniaturised Wilkinson power divider is fabricated. The line length of the power divider was reduced to about /spl lambda//44, and its size was 37% of a conventional Wilkinson power divider. The novel power divider showed good RF performances in S/C band.


The origin and properties of time-independent spatially localized binary fluid convection in a layer of porous material heated from below are studied. Different types of single and multipulse states are computed using numerical continuation, and the results related to the presence of homoclinic snaking of single and multipulse states.


The Tm2Fe19-xMnx (x = 0 - 1.5) and Tm2Fe16, Tm2Fe17, Tm2Fe18, Tm2Fe19 intermetallic compounds were synthesized and their magnetic and structural properties were studied. Magnetic measurements, X-ray and neutron diffraction investigations were used. The compounds crystallize in a disordered variant of the hexagonal Th2Ni17-type structure. The lattice parameters a, c increases in the Tm2Fe19-xMnx system, whereas c decreases and a increases in the Tm2Fe19 - Tm2Fe16 system as Fe content decreases. The temperatures of ferromagnetic ordering and spin-reorientation increase as Fe content decreases in these systems. Apparently, the decrease of occupation of defected dumbbell Fe (4e) site causes these regularities.


The paper presents the design of a new technique for induction motor control without using speed sensor. Here the discrete time control technique is used to design the controller for induction motor drive. The non-linear model of an induction motor is revisited here and linearized about an operating point to obtain a linear model for the same. A fast output sampling based controller is obtained by considering the stator current as output only. The non-linear model of the induction motor is simulated with the proposed controller. This method does not require the states of the system for feedback and is easily implementable


The rapid global expansion of nuclear energy is motivating the expedited development of new safeguards technology to mitigate potential proliferation threats arising from monitoring gaps within the uranium enrichment process. Current onsite enrichment level monitoring methods are limited by poor sensitivity and accuracy performance. Offsite analysis has better performance, but this approach requires onsite hand sampling followed by time-consuming and costly post analysis. These limitations make it extremely difficult to implement comprehensive safeguards accounting measures that can effectively counter enrichment facility misuse. In addition, uranium enrichment by modern centrifugation leads to a significant proliferation threat, since the centrifuge cascades can quickly produce a significant quantity of highly enriched uranium (HEU). The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is developing an engineered safeguards approach having continuous aerosol particulate collection and uranium isotope analysis to provide timely detection of HEU production in a low enriched uranium facility. This approach is based on laser vaporization of aerosol particulate samples, followed by wavelength tuned laser diode spectroscopy, to characterize the 235U/238U isotopic ratio by subtle differences in atomic absorption wavelengths arising from differences in each isotope's nuclear mass, volume, and spin (hyperfine structure for 235U). Environmental sampling media is introduced into a small, reduced pressure chamber,more » where a focused pulsed laser vaporizes a 10 to 20-µm sample diameter. The ejected plasma forms a plume of atomic vapor. A plume for a sample containing uranium has atoms of the 235U and 238U isotopes present. Tunable diode lasers are directed through the plume to selectively excite each isotope and their presence is detected by monitoring absorbance signals on a shot-to-shot basis. Single-shot detection sensitivity approaching the femtogram range and abundance uncertainty less than 10% have been demonstrated with measurements on surrogate materials. In this paper we present measurement results on samples containing background materials (e.g., dust, minerals, soils) laced with micron-sized target particles having isotopic ratios ranging from 1 to 50%.« less


To solve axially symmetrical magnetostatic field,the cylindrical function expansion of vector potential is derived,the series expansion for expressing off-axis magnetic field by the axial values is obtained.At last,some examples using the two methods are given.


Abstract The presentation of Dermatomyositis as a paraneoplastic syndrome is known. It is associated with malignancy of lung, pancreas, ovary, gastrointestinal and lymphoma not hodking. In thyroid neoplasias, the evidence is almost nil, with 8 cases published to date. Remission of Dermatomyositis does not always occur after thyroidectomy.A 24-year-old woman with hypothyroidism in treatment. In 6 months progressive hyperpigmentation is added in front, malar, nasogeniana, axillary, lumbar and popliteal region; asthenia and proximal muscle weakness that intensifies until hospitalization. On examination: 3N goiter, right thyroid nodule palpable, TSH: 4.9, T4L: 1.1, total CPK: 6579, LDH: 2791, popliteal and lumbosacral hyperpigmentation biopsy: Acanthosis Nigricans. Electromyography: Inflammatory Myopathy, Muscle Biopsy: Dermatomyositis. ANA: speckled pattern 1: 320, other exams: normal. With these findings and fulfilling the criteria of Bohan and Peter is diagnosed Dermatomyositis. We proceed to the search for hidden neoplasms discarding those commonly associated. Thyroid ultrasound: hypoechoic image in left lobe, vascularized, ill-defined edges of 11x10 mm. BAAF: Bethesda VI. Thyroglobulin: 6.84 ng / m, Anti-thyroglobulin: 67.68 IU / mL. Total thyroidectomy was performed with group VI dissection. AP: Classic type Papillary Carcinoma pT3N1a. Dermatomyositis was managed with pulses of methylprednisolone leaving the hospital with oral corticotherapy, there was moderate improvement in muscle weakness, with persistence of hyperpigmentation.Although there is controversy between the association of these two entities, we consider it important to include thyroid cancer in the search for hidden neoplasms. The corresponding permission was requested to the patient to use his information for academic purposes.


The relationship between sampling and statistics displaying sample data descriptive sample statistics probability, populations and random variables some useful discrete and continuous distributions estimation (one sample) hypothesis testing two related examples (matched pairs) estimation and hypothesis testing with two independent samples contingency tables correlation regression time series analysis formulating general linear models for fitting data multiple linear regression analysis of variance of one-factor experiments analysis of variance of two-factor experiments other useful topics in experiment design decision theory under uncertainty decision theory with sample information tables: binomial distribution, normal distribution, student's distribution, chi-squared distribution and the f distribution.


The new referral reads "severe autism, nonverbal, challenging behaviours, medications not working. Assess and treat." Johnny is a 16-year-old lad who lives in a group home. His current medication list includes lisdexamfetamine, clonidine, aripiprazole, quetiapine and lamotrigine. He's also on


We present astrometric analysis of archival data of water masers in the star-forming region Sharpless 269 (S269) IRS 2w, observed with the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry. An annual parallax of one of the bright maser features in this region was previously reported to be 0.189 ± 0.008 milliarcsecond (mas) using part of the same archival data as we used. However, we found that this maser feature is not the best to represent the annual parallax to S269 IRS 2w because the morphology is remarkably elongated in the east–west direction. For this study we have selected another maser feature showing simpler morphology. This makes the new annual parallax estimate more credible. Our newly obtained annual parallax is 0.247 ± 0.034 mas, corresponding to  kpc. This value is well consistent with the 3.7–3.8 kpc obtained using the kinematic distance estimates and photometric distance modulus. We considered two hypotheses for the water-maser spatial distribution, a bipolar outflow and an expanding ring, in a kinematic model fitting analysis with a radially expanding flow. At this stage, any conclusions about the systemic proper motion could not be drawn from the kinematic analysis. Alternatively, we evaluated the mean proper motion to be (0.39 ± 0.92, −1.27 ± 0.90) mas yr−1 eastward and northward, respectively, from the obtained proper motions of the detected water-maser features. The newly obtained annual parallax and mean proper motion give the peculiar motion of S269 IRS 2w to be (Us, Vs, Ws) of (8 ± 6, −21 ± 17, 1 ± 18) km s−1.


Human's all-round development is an essential requirement of Marxism for building a new socialist society.Human's all-round development coincides with social development,both belonging to the same historical process.To set the proper goal and task for human's all round development at the current stage,we should take into account the fact that we are in the elementary stage of socialism in our investigation and research.


Rationale Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal stem cell disorders that disrupt orderly maturation of multiple hematopoietic lineages. Several studies have suggested that maturation of precursor B cells (hematogones) is also abnormal in MDS. As a result, the presence of normal numbers or increased precursor B cells in bone marrow (BM) is frequently used as a diagnostic feature arguing against a diagnosis of MDS. We compared the presence of myeloid-associated gene mutations and myeloid maturation abnormalities with qualitative and quantitative precursor B cell findings in BM samples submitted for workup of cytopenias or MDS.

Methods Seventeen BM aspirate samples with <5% blasts submitted for cytopenia or MDS evaluation were compared with 10 samples having 5% or more blasts and changes diagnostic of MDS or AML. Mutation analysis was performed on genomic DNA using a targeted exome sequencing assay. This assay employs a TruSeq custom amplicon design on the MiSeq platform (Illumina, San Diego, CA). The assay covers the commonly mutated areas of 19 myeloid-associated genes. Somatic mutation status was assigned based on mutation levels, previous association with myeloid neoplasia, and no prior identification in public or internal databases as a normal sequence variant. Flow cytometry using 6-color (CD19/CD34) and 8-color (CD19/10) formats was used to assess lymphoblasts; CD34/13 was used to assess myeloblasts; and CD11b, CD13, CD16, and CD38 were used to assess abnormalities in myelopoiesis.

Results  Among the 17 BM samples submitted for cytopenia or MDS evaluation that had 10:1 in 10/17 (59%) cases. Nine of the 17 (53%) cases had virtually no precursor B cells detected. Discrete abnormalities in more mature myeloid forms were seen in 7/10 (70%) cases with low numbers of B-lymphoblasts but in none of the 7 cases with significant numbers of B-lymphoblasts. MDS-associated mutations were more common in cases with rare B-lymphoblasts (7/9) than in those with higher percentages of precursor B cells (3/8), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.15).  Genes mutated in the group with B-lymphoblasts present included ASXL1 (3 cases), DNMT3A (2), TET2 (1) and TP53 (2). Two of these mutated cases presented with isolated thrombocytopenia. By comparison, myeloblast/lymphoblast ratios were >50:1 in all 10 unequivocal MDS/AML samples (>5% blasts); 8 (80%) of these cases had MDS-associated mutations, and 4 (50%) had mutations in multiple genes.

Conclusions Decreases in BM precursor B cells in cases of possible low-grade MDS were usually, but not always, associated with the presence of MDS-associated mutations. However, cases with normal or increased precursor B cell numbers also showed MDS-associated mutations although immunophenotypic evidence of myeloid maturation abnormalities was not seen in this group. The identification of a subgroup of cytopenic patients with likely pathogenic mutations in bone marrow precursors but minimal phenotypic evidence of myeloid dysplasia may indicate clonal abnormalities primarily located outside the granulocyte or common stem precursor populations, e.g. restricted to the megakaryocytic lineage. Therefore, the presence of intact precursor lymphoblast and myeloid maturation by higher-dimensional flow cytometry as a primary criterion to argue against a diagnosis of low-grade MDS needs further evaluation, especially when granulocytopenia is absent.

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The utility model discloses a compound extrusion equipment of automobile sealing strip, including extruding the die holder, install the extrusion die on extruding die holder front end face and installing six feed extruder on extruding the die holder periphery, six feed extruder include to install the last feed extruder that extrude the die holder top, two for two and install at the back feed extruder who extrudes die holder rear end both sides the preceding feed extruder that extrudes die holder front end both sides and two, preceding feed extruder and back feed extruder are located the coplanar, contained angle after two between the feed extruder is 90, two contained angles of going up between the feed extruder are 45, contained angle between two preceding feed extruder is 180, preceding feed extruder, back feed extruder and go up the feed extruder distribution of all staggering. Through extruding six feed extruder on the die holder, make it have powerful compound ability, can adapt to the not automobile sealing strip's of isostructure production demand.


subjects (p -C 0.04). Among 18 cancer patients with persistent disease only three did not show significant LME. All three represented spacifiialfy immunodepressed states. None of the untreated group of cancer patients failed to show LME with autologous PL. It is concluded that, as in pregnancy, an immunologic active factor is present in PL of cancer patients which induces a specific subpopulation of leukocytes and thereby LME. The possibte mechanism of activation is briefly discussed. Through the detection of LME leukocyte migration may become of importance for the earfy detection of malignancy and monitoring of treatment success. (AM. J. OBSTET. GYNECOL. 136:126, 1960.)