Inflator device for an inflatable restraint system, the inflator device comprising: a tubular body (18; 228) including a first end (32; 232), a second end (36; 236) opposite the first end; a central portion (40; 240) of reduced diameter, and a center discharge opening (42; 242) disposed in the central part of reduced diameter; a first end closure (46; 246) attached to the first end (32; 232) of the tubular body (28; 228), holding the first closure end first initiator (48; 248); a second end closure (56; 256) attached to the second end (36; 236) of the tubular body (28; 228), the second end closure holding a second primer (58; 258); defining the tubular body and the first and second end closure a sealed chamber (26, 226); a first generant housing (70; 270) disposed within the sealed chamber (26; 226) defining a first generant chamber (82; 282); a second generator housing (90; 290) disposed within the sealed chamber (26; 226) defining a second generant chamber (102; 302); and a closure frangibly output (120; 320) disposed over the center discharge opening (42; 242); a supply of pressurized stored gas disposed within the sealed chamber (26; 226); a first supply of generant material (84; 284) disposed within the first generant chamber (82; 282); a second supply of generant material (104; 304) disposed within the second generant chamber (102; 302). characterized in that: - a first rupturable initiator seal (86; 286) is disposed between the first initiator (48; 248) and the first generant chamber (82; 282); - A second rupturable initiator seal (106; 306) is disposed between the second initiator (58; 258) and the second generant chamber (102; 302); - said first generant housing (70; 270) comprises a first perforated tube (72; 272) connected at one end open to the first end closure (46; 246) and includes a plurality of openings (76; 276) providing fluid communication between the first generant chamber (82; 282) and the sealed chamber (26; 226); and an end wall (78; 278) at one end of first generant chamber (82; 282) opposite the open end; - said second generant housing (90; 290) comprises a second perforated tube (92; 292) connected at one end open to the second end closure (56; 256) and includes a plurality of openings providing fluid communication between the second generant chamber (102; 302) and the sealed chamber (26; 226); and an end wall at one end (98; 298) of second generant chamber (102; 302) opposite the open end.


800x600 The article aims to understand the productive and technological competence  buildup of WEG as compared to its main competitors in the world industry of electrical  equipment. In theoretical terms, this paper is based on concepts related to the competence  theory of the firm. As for its methodological terms, the study attempts to measure  technological competence based on patent data coming from Derwent Innovations Index  base. It is revealed that the companies possess technological competencies that go beyond  their core areas' productive competencies. The methodology employed here also allows  us to rank WEG' technological competencies and those of its competitors in four different  categories all through the 1963-2010 periods, namely: 1) core competencies; 2) niche  advantages; 3) background competencies; and 4) marginal competencies. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */
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Zambia's social, cultural political and landscape can be revealed through the gaze of musical arts renditions. Hence, the focus of this article is on interrogating inherent perspectives on symbolism, culture, politics and patriotism inherent in the campaign song 'Dununa Reverse.' This article draws ideas from an ethnographic study which involved the utilisation of qualitative approaches of data collection and analysis. The article reveals that the campaign song 'Dununa Reverse' portrays that musical arts in the Zambian sense include singing, dancing and dramatisation and have been dynamic and continue to transform, over time. The article also notes that musical arts still remain a strong channel through which ethnic, socioeconomic, musical arts, cultural and political identities have been portrayed, preserved and transmitted from one generation to the next.


LONDON, Nov. 27 (AP)-Soon after 0. bullclln tonight saying that Kln~ (leol'ge AtIlI wu.s hOl<1lng hhl own In hlN struggle al\'ain~t 1)leul"lsy, the )3rlllsh public received the equnll)' welcome Information thnt lh" hell' to the thl'one hod derlcled to "eluI'n to Englnnd. The Pt'lnce 0/ "'/llefl notlflPd Ih/' Iwlm «> minlst(,I', npPlu'~ntly On hi own inIUIlUve', thaL hp nl,,1 hi ... 1>I'other wei'/' I'oturning. The' assurance tloot hl~ m~jeHty wa..q hol<.J1ng Ill<' strenglh which ha~ enahled him to fight hi. lillie,,, fOI nea rly n wel'k w~" wC'knmp<l tnnighl e"pc('blh' hcrn uR~ 1:'(,lwl'al nwdlcal OI)lnlon 'hall I\('t'n thnl hp wn~ flP' T'rortc hi nl\' II. crisis, Bulletin IS811('1I A hl'i~f bulletin wa" Jasued from Ducl<lngham palaCe tonight at the BUm!> LIme tlmt It wus annou nced thal a wllrshlp lmd been ol'dercd lo proceed lo East Africa tor the disPOHS l of the Pl'ince or \\'ales. 'I'he nJUllctin I'ead: "The Idng passed a leSH dlstuI'bNl clay. IJI~ tt'mprrlltlll'~ WIlS somrwhllt lowrr th lill 0 1 the COlT('NpOluling hour laKI nl /l" hl, III~ strength WIlS nltlintnlnell." 'rho admlrnli ty hn.'! dlr'ectNl IJ.~r.s. Bnterprlse to procf'cd [rom Aden to Dat'-PH-Salnam n nd lo thpI'e hold h 1'selr nt the disposal of lhelr' h <' il' to lhe lhl'one, The llrlnce, who has be!'n hunting In the InoceM~lulo In, t~llor, was due tonight ut Dodoma, To ng[\nykl1l, which I. on n I'ulhl'n~' <tllli connected by telegra l.h. Teinl)C1'ature Lowers The bullt'lln Issued I)), HII' Stanley IIewltt and Lord Dltwson of Penn, seemed to omi t ns much liS lt conveyed. Last night Il hall been stated n'ankly tho this maJesly's telnlwl'utul'e wns 101.6, while tonight it was tcrnlecl ;o~om~whal lower," The stat('ment that his Btrength Is maintained, Indica tlnl:' that he re· taln~d his powers of 1'(',IHtnncr, was \'01\,o;Jd£'I'ed ltlg-lily ~lgnlrlcll ntlnl1n 111· lW~R or thi~ nnlUl 'p. Nothing' how· ~V~I', wn" lold about Ilrogl'rss or abatement of tho lu ng congestion 01' 1.leul'isy u nd 1 IR omlH~lon lendcd to JncI'ease public nnxiety. The morning bulletin had ",,1t1 that the"t "condiUons were otherll'l~e un· chnngf'd," anll It tht' I'efore wn,q ns.umed tM t thel'c wn s little ('Ira nl:'(' in tho lung didturbrulc~, a11l1 lhal much (leppnds on the HIl'englil of thn klng'R he!\rt. IJopeful reports given en 1'1 IeI' In Iho day Oy the Duk of YOI'k nnd the hom!' secretary had tcndecl to allay Iho gcnrral anxiety and >lOme OI)tlmi Rm hail bee11 Induced by \I'ol'd 1 hal the I'oyal patiC' nl had (Ills_eel n mOI'p restful ni!\'lIl ,md hacl htHI a less tllsturbed clay.


Disasters used to be accepted as inevitable in days of old when more often than not, natural disasters, except for wars, were the order of the day. However, as man's ability to self-destruct increased with what also was called "progress", and man-made disasters due to human carelessness became more common, technological disasters became a common occurrence. The last few years have seen the rise, in geometric fashion, of intentional disasters caused by vicious, publicity-seeking groups and individuals resulting in the production of numbers of casualties far greater than imagined not so many years ago. Disasters have been brought closer to home also by the advent of easier mass communications. With all of these occurring, our ability to cope does not appear to have improved proportionally.


FinkelmanMeadows, Stephanie M. Heidorn, Junqi Yang and Fred D. Suzanne C. Morris, Tatyana Orekhova, Michelle J.http://www.jimmunol.org/content/176/9/5299J Immunol€2006; 176:5299-5305; ;Referenceshttp://www.jimmunol.org/content/176/9/5299.full#ref-list-1This article cites 49 articles, 30 of which you can access for free at: Subscriptionshttp://jimmunol.org/subscriptionsInformation about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: Permissionshttp://www.aai.org/ji/copyright.htmlSubmit copyright permission requests at: Email Alertshttp://jimmunol.org/cgi/alerts/etocReceive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at:


Enrique Rebolloso Pacheco is Professor of Social Psychology and Programme Evaluation in the Department of Human and Social Sciences (Area of Social Psychology) at the University of Almeria, Spain, and Director of the 'Quality and Research Evaluation Unit' at the same university. He has published several books and articles on programme evaluation and quality management in Higher Education from a psychosocial perspective, and had directed diverse projects on migration topics, mainly focusing on programme evaluation and discourse analysis. He has been Visiting Professor at several universities in the USA.


ABSTRACT. Pituitary-adrenal function was studied before and after bilateral adrenalectomy in a 14-yr-old girl with an unusual form of Cushing's syndrome. Manipulative tests prior to surgery revealed urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) which were unsuppressible with dexamethasone (2 and 8 mg/day), unresponsive to exogenous ACTH, and which fell to very low levels with metyrapone administration. A small sella turcica (lateral area 47 mm2) was demonstrated. Both adrenals demonstrated multiple small nodules and sheets of atypical tissue surrounded by more normal appearing adrenocortical cells. Plasma ACTH was undetectable even at low levels (<.12 mU/100 ml) during the surgical procedure and for 2 months after adrenalectomy even during periods of complete withdrawal of cortisol therapy. Plasma ACTH returned to a normal but not elevated level 3 and 7 months after adrenalectomy while the patient was receiving 30 mg of cortisol/day. The results of these studies indicate that the bilateral adrenal hyperfunc...


PURPOSE: An adaptive content transmitting system of a DLNA home network and a method thereof are provided to supply content matched to a device which desires a display based on device information and device performance information about device of a DLNA home network. CONSTITUTION: A content management server(600) receives an objective content having each different capacity and format from the contents providing server which stores objective content requested among a plurality of content providing servers. The content management server determines whether the objective content is available for display in a device based on device information and device performance information in the received objective content. The content management server selects one or more objective contents which is available for a display. The content management server transmits the objective content to a home gateway.


We present a narrow band, passive band-reject filter at 2.4 GHz fabricated with a RF bipolar process (NT25). The filter typically provides 48 dB of rejection and has rejection tuning capability. The filter does not use any active components and consequently has high linearity and low pass band NF (noise figure).


In this paper, we show that the Chas-Sullivan product (respectively the Goresky-Hingston product) on level homology detects isolated closed geodesic with slowest (resp. fastest) possible index growth rate. We discuss how string topology along with this result gives a new perspective on questions of the existence of closed geodesics.


In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to assess the strength of the effects of catastrophic anemia level on the dynamical transmission of malaria parasite within the body of a host. We first consider a temporal model. The important mathematical features of the model are thoroughly investigated. We found that the model exhibits forward bifurcation. We also consider a spatiotemporal model using reaction–diffusion equations. The model is numerically analyzed to assess the impact of anemia on the dynamical transmission of malaria parasite within the body of a host. Through numerical simulation, we found that malaria can lead to a catastrophic anemia level even if the parasite is nonpersistent within the body of a host. Numerical results also suggest that to reduce or control the anemia level, the strategy should be to accelerate innate cell reproduction rate or should have the ability to clean parasitized red blood cells (PRBCs) with a high mortality rate.


A 20-year-old woman with a 10-year history of incessant tachycardia underwent an electrophysiologic procedure. Previous attempts at catheter ablation had been unsuccessful. The tachycardia had a narrow QRS complex, a long RP interval, inverted P waves in the inferior leads, and occasionally was interrupted by a sinus beat (Fig. 1). At baseline, the patient had spontaneous, repetitive tachycardia and never had more than one sinus beat in a row. The tachycardia cycle length varied between 580 and 640 ms. During tachycardia, the atrial-His (AH) and His-ventricle (HV) intervals were 65 ms and 40 ms, respectively, and the earliest


Overeaters Anonymous (OA) participants completed a survey that examined characteristics of members who attend and succeed and also participated in a diagnostic interview. Results indicated that the...


Climate is the most vital element of our planet and its live ability is key concern for every habitat. From Silent Spring till present debate is on about humankind's impact on nature. Since its establishment in 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been playing pivotal role in raising public concerns on human-induced climate change through its various assessment reports. These reports follow exhaustive review process, and are widely accepted. In 2007, IPCC`s 4th assessment report- 'Climate Change 2007 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability' came in question on Himalayan glacier melt. The Climate gate in 2009 further strengthened the confusion on credibility of IPCC`s projections. Present study analyses district level temperature and rainfall patterns of Uttarakhand- a Himalayan state, and examines the validity of IPCC`s projection. Uttarakhand is a tourism oriented economy. State is best known for its religious places and natural sites. Rapid urbanisation in mountainous regions is disturbing regional eco-balance, but increasing vehicular pollution in climatesensitive areas seems to have greater impact on temperature and precipitation patterns. Result shows a noticeable shift in the variability of temperature and rainfall, and a significant warming especially in mountainous districts, However human activities does not correlate very well with these changes.


Muscle dysfunction is thought to contribute to exercise intolerance in smokers with COPD. In this study, cigarette smoke (CS) was hypothesized to impair skeletal muscle fatigue resistance. To test this hypothesis, adult C57Bl6 mice were exposed via a nose‐only system to daily periods of CS (5 cigarettes/period for 2 periods, 5 days/week) for 8 weeks and compared to mice delivered CS‐extract (weekly, i.p) and control, unexposed mice. Body weights were recorded each week. Gastrocnemius complex fatigue resistance was evaluated by measuring the time to reach 50% of maximal force when electrically stimulated to contract in situ. Compared to control mice, body weights were decreased in CS‐exposed mice, but not CS‐extract mice, at 3‐weeks (7.4%, p<0.05), 7‐weeks (7.9%, p<0.05), and 8‐weeks (12.4%, p<0.001). However, gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris mass / body weight ratios were not different between groups. A trend to earlier fatigue was seen in CS‐extract mice (Con. 342 ± 72 sec., CS‐exposed 310 ± 111 sec., CS‐extract 177 ± 16 sec., p=0.06). These data suggest the route or amount of CS that circulates in the blood may influence the extent of peripheral skeletal muscle dysfunction.


The article examines Orikuchi Shinobu's novella, Shisha no sho [The Book of the Dead] (1939), as a discursively constructed amalgamation of multiple cultural and historical sources. Whereas Orikuchi tends to be considered the exponent of cultural nativism, the novella resists a nationalist impulse of extolling the legend of Taima Mandala and Princess Chūjō (Chūjōhime) as a paragon of the Japanese reception of Buddhism. According to the widely-known legend, Princess Chūjō, a member of the politically powerful Fujiwara clan in the Nara period, had woven in a day the mandala out of lotus threads shortly after completing one thousand copies of Shōsanjyōdo Busshōjukyō (the Amida sutra). Further the legend tells that she was welcomed to the Pure Land by Amida Buddha upon her death at the age of twenty nine. In The Book of the Dead her legendary labor opts out of simple appraisal for her devotional response to Buddhism, as though implicitly refuting the Yamato state's political advocacy of the religion. In turn, Orikuchi's modernist revisionism reanimates a spectacle of the antiquity, contextualizing the legend in the socio-political periphery of the Taima village. To this end, the novella calls forth a number of historical episodes, topographical images of the locality, and the transculturation of Buddhism in ancient Japan. Concretely, the narrative interweaves the tragedy of Prince Ōtsu who was executed for the treason plotted against the imperial government, a cult of Mount Futakami (today's Nijōzan in Nara Prefecture), pre-Buddhist practice of worshipping the Sun, and the formation of Nissōkan in Japan's early Buddhism. Through the dialogic unity of these motifs, Orikuchi deconstructs the legend of Princess Chūjō and the Taima Mandala, transforming it into a visionary narrative devoid of a single cultural and religious root.


Collaborative knowledge-building (CKB) in online social networking settings is an area of concern among educators and researchers alike. The focus however, seems to be on how social networking sites mediate the process of CKB while neglecting the role of design in making such knowledge-building and collaboration a sustainable activity. The relative lack of attention to design, points to the need for methods to guide the development of CKB environments. Additionally, despite the increasing use and benefits of informal online learning approaches for professional development, many Caribbean educators are still not making effective use of this approach to their professional development. This thesis addresses these issues and contributes to work in the field of learning design in the social networking setting.

This thesis therefore draws on a three-year designing for learning action research exploration in the Caribbean Educators Network (CEN) which aimed to establish possible benefits from a framework-driven approach, given that the development of informal online social networking environments are not traditionally driven by any particular theoretical or design frameworks. Using the research findings, guided by activity theory (Leont'ev 1978; Engestrom 1987), group cognition (Stahl 2005; Stahl 2006), community of inquiry (Garrison et al 2001), I advanced a conceptualisation of a framework to mediate collaborative knowledge-building in the CEN. The framework is a focus on processes (what is done) and presences (the environment or condition) and is expressed along 4 themes: community presence, cognitive presence, moderating presence and 'artefactization' presence.

In addition to the development of the mediating framework, the exploration also resulted in a meaningful experience and approach that revealed design for learning in the informal online social networking settings as a dynamic, living, messy, critical-reflective and participatory process of meaning-making.


Small scale geological targets, such as faults and karst caves, generate diffractions which are always in low energy level. Images of these geological targets may be covered by the images of strong reflections in conventional process, which makes it hard to identify these targets. However, these geological targets are often related to reservoirs. Therefore, it is better to separate diffractions and reflections before imaging. In this paper, we use the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method to separate diffractions from the full wavefield. Diffractions differ from reflections in both kinematic and dynamic properties. Traditional methods for separation usually base on the kinematic difference. The method for separation based on SSA uses both of these differences. Numerical examples on synthetic data demonstrate the feasibility of this method.


Ang Lee's films have been very popular in the global film market in recent years. Lee also has won many awards from different academies in the world. Yet, when reviewing his oeuvre, it is hard to find a coherent pattern to Lee's films. Is this the reason why when comparing Lee's films with other directors', it seems hard to find a quintessential characteristic of Lee in his oeuvre? Lee has consistently challenges himself by directing different types of movies and has not repeated the same themes. If that is so, then how do we define the genre of his works? Unlike Alfred Hitchcock or Woody Allen, Lee does not make films in a specific genre, so does that make him a commercial director instead of an artistic auteur? In the first part of this paper, I will show the diversity of Ang Lee's potential influences including Confucianism, Taoism, multiculturalism, and many others. In the second part of this paper, I will discuss Lee's films by comparing his Brokeback Mountain to Douglas Sirk's All that Heaven Allows in order to support my claim that the principle genre of his oeuvre is melodrama, but in his own style.


Objective: To investigate the influence of bcl x S gene on apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE 2Z cells induced by cisplatin. Methods: bcl x S gene bearing mammalian expression vector(pcDNA 3x S ) was transfected into CNE 2Z cells using LipofectAmine. Its expression was determined with Western blot. Cells transfected with negative pcDNA 3 vector were used as control(CNE 2Zneo). After treatment with cisplatin, IC 50 was calculated using trypan blue exclusion, apoptotic cells were detected with flow cytometry and fluorescence staining. Results: Cell clone(CNE 2Zx S ) with stable expression of bcl x S was obtained as confirmed with Western blot. Exogenous expression of bcl x S sensitized CNE 2Z cells to cisplatin. IC 50 of CNE 2Zneo was 0.925±0.210 μg/ml, while that of CNE 2Zx S decreased to 0.435±0.120 μg/ml, P 0.01. Results from flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence staining showed a significant increase of apoptotic cells in CNE 2Zx S as compared with CNE 2Zneo after treatment with the same dose of cisplatin. Conclusion: Exogenous bcl x S expression sensitized nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE 2Z cells to cisplatin induced apoptosis.


WCK 5222 is a combination of cefepime and high-affinity PBP2-binding β -lactam enhancer, 21 zidebactam. The cefepime-zidebactam combination is active against multi-drug resistant 22 Gram-negatives including carbapenemases- expressing Acinetobacter baumannii . The 23 mechanism of action of the combination involves concurrent multiple penicillin binding 24 protein inhibition leading to enhanced bactericidal action of cefepime. The aim of the present 25 study was to assess the impact of zidebactam-mediated enhanced in vitro bactericidal action 26 in modulating the cefepime's % f T>MIC required for in vivo killing of A. baumannii . 27 Cefepime and cefepime-zidebactam MICs were comparable and ranged between 2 to 16 28 mg/L for A. baumannii strains (n = 5) employed in the study. Against these strains, the time- 29 kill studies revealed an improved killing with the cefepime-zidebactam combination as 30 compared to standalone constituents. Employing neutropenic mouse lung infection model, 31 exposure-response analyses for all the A. baumannii showed that cefepime f T>MIC required 32 for 1 log 10 kill was 38.9%. In the presence of non-effective dose of zidebactam, cefepime 33 f T>MIC dropped significantly to the extent of 15.5%, still rendering comparable bactericidal 34 effect. Thus, zidebactam mediated improvement in cefepime's bactericidal effect observed in 35 time-kill studies manifested in vivo through lowering of cefepime's pharmacodynamic 36 requirement. This is a first ever study demonstrating β -lactam enhancer role of zidebactam 37 that helps augment in vivo activity of cefepime by reducing the magnitude of its 38 pharmacodynamically relevant exposures against A. baumannii. 41


Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have recently been widely used in remote-sensing scene classification. Additionally, it is becoming very popular to automatically learn specific CNN architectures for specific data sets. The rich contextual information in high-resolution remote-sensing images (RSIs) is critical to remote-sensing intelligent understanding tasks. However, architecture learning approaches tend to simplify the original data (i.e., resizing images to smaller resolution) for efficiency, yet result in contextual information loss of RSIs. In this article, we proposed a contextual information-preserved architecture learning (CIPAL) framework for remote-sensing scene classification to utilize the contextual information in RSIs as much as possible during the architecture learning process. We introduce channel compression into CIPAL, which can reduce the memory and time consumption of architecture learning and make it possible to construct a larger architecture space. We add potential operators that are rarely used for scene classification tasks (i.e., atrous convolution) into the architecture space to explore unknown architectures that are more suitable for remote-sensing scenes. The experimental results on four remote-sensing scene classification benchmarks indicate that CIPAL learns architectures with less time consumption than similar works, and the newly found architectures outperform popular hand-designed architectures for better use of contextual information in RSIs. Different architectures are good at learning different representations, and our proposed architecture learning method potentially helps us understand which types of representations are crucial for RSI intelligent understanding.


As part of the HOMES programme, new sensors are being developed for integration in control solutions intended to improve the energy efficiency of buildings while optimising the comfort of occupants. Beyond measurements such as as air temperature and luminosity level currently used to represent thermal and visual comfort respectively, these new sensors will deliver information such as air velocity and radiant temperature that will allow control algorithms to take into account the comfort actually perceived by occupants. It will also be necessary to develop sensors to measure occupancy, thus making it possible to establish strategies to optimise building energy consumption. The monitoring of air quality inside buildings also requires new sensors, this time to measure the concentrations of chemical, biological and particulate pollution. For these new sensors to be deployed and accepted, they must be easy to install and to move if necessary, robust and accessible in terms of cost. To satisfy all these needs, HOMES has developed a prototype for a new type of self-powered wireless sensor integrating a number of physical measurements and a digital data processing core.


Indonesia is already facing a high nutritional problem. Early detection of child wasting is the key to successful prevention and treatment. Increasing animal protein intake for children is one of the government's steps to address child malnutrition. Consumption of fortified milk as one of the animal proteins may support the growth and development of children. The general purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and the implementation of dairy products to improve child immunity and growth. This community service activity was carried out at the Sidodadi village hall, Central Bengkulu in 2021. Participants in the community service activity were maternal and child village health workers, plus representatives from the Puskesmas and village officials with a total of 32 participants. The methods used are socializing information, questions and answers with participants based on experience and field findings, providing materials related to sources of milk food ingredients and their fortification, carrying out copyright quizzes on milk-based healthy food recipes, and monitoring with evaluation. Evaluation sheets are used to assess participant satisfaction and record things that are still needed by cadres for further socialization activities. The performance test was carried out with a quiz on preparing healthy milk-based food recipes for children. Activity results are described with a satisfaction survey. Increasing education through health counseling greatly influences the knowledge of village health worker to be wise in providing education on fortified milk-based foods and providing examples of useful recipes for malnourished children.


This article will present our perspective, as Institutional Review Board (IRB) members, on the experiences and issues that emerge when conducting research with incarcerated populations. The goal is to provide information to other IRBs and researchers to ease the review process of research protocols involving prisoners and to mitigate potential problems before they arise. We focus in this article on one project we reviewed that involved prisoners. Vulnerable populations such as prisoners require special conditions and protections for recruitment, consent, compensation, data collection, data protection, and analysis. Special considerations also include compliance with detention center policies and procedures, especially when the research project includes analyzing data containing Private Identifiable information (PII), Protected Health Information (PHI), and biological data collection. The four main issues we will address are in regard to (1) the informed consent process, (2) the balance between privacy and confidentiality of the subjects and researchers' safety within the facility, (3) payment to subjects, and (4) the ability of subjects to communicate with researchers and with the IRB. We will conclude with some recommendations for "best practice."


Experimental box method is always used in the experimental course in Chinese university curriculum plan. There exist some problems in the experimental box method, such as the experiments are stylized and lack of diversity. In this paper, based on matlab simulation, for a problem in the lecture of control theory, various changes of the problem are presented. For these changes, system identification method and kalman filtering method are used to solve these problems. matlab is used to simulate these problems, the simulation results shows the effectiveness of the algorithms. This simulation method based on matlab could strengthen the diversity of the experiments and deepen the students' understanding of the lecture.


In this paper we modify approximate trust region methods via three precon ditional curvilinear paths for unconstrained optimization. To easily form preconditional curvilinear paths within the trust region subproblem, we employ the stable Bunch-Parlett factorization method of symmetric matrices and use the unit lower triangular matrix as a preconditioner of the optimal path and modified gradient path. In order to accelerate the preconditional conjugate gradient path, we use preconditioner to improve the eigenvalue distribution of Hessian matrix. Based on the trial steps produced by the trust region subproblem along the three curvilinear paths providing a direction of sufficient descent, we mix a strategy using both trust region and nonmonotonic line search techniques which switch to back tracking steps when a trial step is unacceptable. Theoretical analysis is given to prove that the proposed algorithms are globally convergent and have a local su-pcrlinear convergent rate under some reasonable conditions. The results of the numerical experiment are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.


The North River pluton is one of a series of upper Devonian - lower Carboniferous granite and gabbro/diorite plutons in the Cobequid Highlands. It lies within a regional zone of east-west strike-slip faulting associated with the Cobequid Fault. The pluton consists of a single main granite unit that intruded small marginal bodies of gabbro. The southern part of the pluton is locally foliated and pervasively fractured. Diabase and microgranite sheets and dykes cut the pluton and adjacent country rock. A relative sequence of intrusion can be determined from cross-cutting relationships with foliated or fractured granite. Hybrid rocks demonstrate that some of the mafic magma was intruded synchronously with granitic magma.

The pluton is geochemically similar to other Devono-Carboniferous plutons in the Cobequid Highlands, although it represents a deeper structural level than most of the other plutons. The granite is a subalkalic A-type granite. The mafic rocks show "within-plate" geochemical characteristics; early intrusions resemble olivine-normative continental tholeiites, but later dykes are highly fractionated and show strong enrichment in incompatible elements. Enrichment in Rb and K in the northeastern part of the pluton reflects a late metasomatic event associated with the growth of secondary biotite.

The Devono-Carboniferous plutons of the Cobequid Highlands differ from other published examples of shear zone plutonism in that magma generation appears to have been related to either local or more probably regional extension rather than the shear zone having tapped a magma that originally resulted from either subduction or continental collision.

 RESUME
 Le pluton de North River est l'un des batis devoniens superieurs a carboniferes inferieurs constituent une suite de plutons granitiques et gabbrolques/dioritiques presente dans les Monts Cobequid. Il git au sein d'une zone regionale de decrochement est-ouest associee a la faille de Cobequid. Le pluton consiste en une unite principale unique de granite qui fit intrusion dans de petits batis gabbrolques marginaux. La portion mendionale du pluton montre une foliation locale et une fracturation penetrative. Des lames ainsi que des flkms de diabase et de microgranite recoupent le pluton et la roche encaissante adjacente. Les recoupements du granite folie ou fracture permettent de determiner une sequence relative d'intrusion. Des roches hybrides demontrent qu'une fraction du magma mafique fit intrusion au meme moment que le magma granitique.

La geochimie du pluton est semblable a celle des autres plutons devono-carboniferes presents dans les Monts Cobequid, et ce bien qu'il represente un niveau structural plus profond que celui des autres plutons. Le granite est un granite subalcalin de type A. Les roches mafiques montrent des caracteristiques geochimiques "intraplaques"; les intrusions precoces ressemblent a des tholeiites continentales a olivine normative mais les filons plus tardifs ont subi un fractionnement prononce et ils sont fortement enrichis en elements incompatibles. Un enrichissement en Rb et en K dans la region nord-est du pluton reflete un evenement metasomatique tardif associe a la croissance d'une biotite secondaire.

Les plutons devono-carboniferes des Monts Cobequid different des autres exemples publies de plutonisme associe a une zone de cisaillement en ce que la venue du magma semble avoir ete reliee a une extension locale ou, de facon plus vraisemblable, regionale plutot qu'au captage par la zone de cisaillement d'un magma resultant a l'origine soil d'une subduction, so it d'une collision continentale.

[Traduit par le journal]


Choosing a first name for a child is the result of a long process. Many determinisms are involved : social, familial, affective, unconscious. That implies using simultaneously ethnology, sociology, history and psychoanalysis. Case studies based on intensive clinical interviews reveal conflicts and contradictions at different levels:-social contradictions between reproduction and historicicy, integration and differenciation, conflicts between different social groups. -conflicts between the different branches of the family and contradictions between the different parts of inheritage : economic, social, cultural, symbolic and ideological. -conscious and unconscious contradictions of each parent and in the familial myths. -conflicts inside the parental couple. The parental project, condensed in the first name of the child, appears as the final mediation of all the contradictions.


With the presentation of this poster is to explain the project to develop a taxonomy for organizing information resources in the digital environment Documentary Information Service Befumo Boschi Liliana of the Faculty of Humanities of the UNMdP.
Taxonomy is designed to represent the different subject areas SID coverage, with the possibility of being applied in the institutional repository Humadoc. The first step in designing the taxonomy (hereinafter TaxH) will be to generate the different thematic areas of coverage and contain hierarchical levels each.


A technique was developed to obtain the local heat transfer coefficient under constant heat flux boundary condition.13; Initial experiments were done on a model cylinder to ascertain the accuracy of the technique. Subsequently a turbine blade model was fabricated with 22 surface, thermocouples, experiments were conducted in a two dimensional subsonic cascade tunnel (Tunnel A) with a five bladed cascade assembly. The heat transfer blade was located in the middle. In addition the surface pressure distribution was also obtained by replacing the heat transfer blade by a blade model with 20 surface pressure tappings


Present work highlights the importance of material strain rate hardening characteristics as an influential factor in increasing material strength, as uncut chip thickness decreases from macro to micro-level dimensions during down-cut milling process. It has been found for a strain rate dependent material (A2024-T351) that rake face-chip contact length increases nonlinearly when tool approaches to micro-level of uncut chip thickness. This suggests higher energy consumption due to frictional interaction at tool-chip interface, resulting in higher specific cutting energy. In addition, results depict that increase in cutting speeds are attributed to increased rake face-chip contact lengths. Furthermore, to analyze the contribution of the strain gradient hardening on size effect phenomenon during micro cutting operations, modified Johnson-Cook material model (strain gradient-based approach) of the equivalent stress has been formulated in ABAQUS®/EXPLICIT via its user subroutine VUMAT. The results put forward the significance of strain gradient hardening to fully capture the size effect phenomenon du-ring micro cutting operations, at high cutting speeds for a strain rate dependent material. Finally, milling experiments have been performed to validate the numerical model in terms of specific cutting energy and chip morphology. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.17.1.210


A new approach is proposed that allows one to investigate experimentally complex dynamics in large ensembles of coupled radio engineering generators. The approach is used for the construction of an analog-to-digital experimental setup for studying ensembles of generators with time-delayed feedback. A possibility of specifying an arbitrary architecture of couplings and different types of couplings between generators is implemented in the setup. It is shown that the complex topology of couplings and parameters of all generators can be reconstructed from their experimental time series.


A variety of ketoximes undergo the Beckmann rearrangement upon treatment with a catalytic amount of [Yb (OTf)3] in refluxing acetonitrile to afford the corresponding amides and lactams in excellent yields with high selectivity.


THE nictitans gland is responsible for about 40 per cent of the aqueous part of the precorneal tear film. Its prolapse is very commonly seen in veterinary ophthalmology and it is the most common primary disorder of the third eyelid. Nictitans gland prolapse is more prevalent in the following dog breeds: English bulldog, French bulldog, cocker spaniel, Yorkshire terrier, lhasa apso, shar pei, West Highland white terrier, beagle and great dane.

The exact cause of this condition is still unknown, but it may be the result of aplasia or hypoplasia of the connective tissue attachments between the base of the gland and the periorbital tissues (Plummer and others 2008), which can be brought on by lymphoid hyperplasia and allergic inflammation of the gland (Mazzucchelli and others 2012). The abnormality is usually unilateral (60 per cent) at first but may become bilateral, typically within three months (Mazzucchelli and others 2012).

When untreated, the prolapsed glands often become swollen and the production of tears decreases. In advanced cases, the inflamed tissue can become fibrotic, destroying the glandular parenchyma and thus making any functional recovery difficult.

Some practitioners excise the gland (Helper 1982, Dugan and others 1992, Chaudhary and others 2009) as it is technically simple, they are uncomfortable with replacement procedures, and also because they feel that they do not see keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) as a sequelae. However, this technique is …


This paper is aimed at providing specialists with a practical method of assessing the significance threshold when auditing financial statements, as well as of determining the analyzed sample. The novelty of this study resides in the information-based modeling of the section Audit approach of the Current audit file together with the determination of the sample size depending on the risk margin corresponding to each category of patrimonial assets. Thus, we reckon that the subjectivity of financial auditors is significantly reduced. Hence, we shall present to you a brief description of the section F - Audit Approach, and a presentation of the possibility to automatize this section by means of the software FARisk.


The laboratory has become more essential in the clinical
examination of patients. However there has been a
tendency for the clinician to relegate even simple tests to
specialist laboratory workers. This has its disadvantages.
First, the clinician has less insight into the meaning and
potential errors of the test. Second, depending on the main
lab the test results may become available later than if the
tests were done in a ward side-lab. Finally, the side-lab
tests may be the only results available to the clinician
during an emergency at night.,MEPI


:Objective Study theclinical efficacy of application of emblization and Argon - Helium cryoablation intreatment of giant intracranial meningiomas. Method 23 cases of giant meningiomas withabundant blood supply were resected. The combination of emblization and Argon - Heliumcryoablation were used. Results Blood loss volume in operation was 200~600 ml. Total resection wasachieved in 23 cases which was confirmed by postoperative CT or/and MRI examination.Clinical outcomes:22 patients recovered well,l patient disabled mildly,and there was novegetative survival or death. There was no recurrence during follow - up period.Conclusions Combination of emblization and Argon - Helium cryoablation in the treatment ofgiant intracranial meningiomas with abundant blood supply could decrease the intro -operative blood loss help to achieve total resection of tumors and avoid recurrence.

Key words:
Meningitis neoplasms;  Embolism;  Argon - Heliumcryoablation


Provisions for the treatment of mental illness under various kinds of insurance coverage have undergone dramatic change, which the author outlines. He also describes the expectations, patient and contract characteristics, and results of establishing psychiatric services in the Southern California Permanente Medical Group, a large group health plan. Utilization rates (which are much higher than in the UAW program) and the problems encountered over an eight-year period are included.


Fueled by concerns about school violence, the number of School Resource Officers (SROs) in the United States has soared. SROs are law enforcement officers who work in elementary and secondary schools and who are tasked to increase school safety. As of 2016, 48 percent of US public schools had SROs, compared to less than one percent in the 1970's, yet there are few studies that measure their effects. In particular, the literature largely ignores rural/urban differences. This study uses survey data from SROs working in public schools in Oklahoma to understand their roles and to determine if there are differences between rural and urban SROs. We look at jurisdiction and school characteristics as well as SRO perceptions of disciplinary practices, school climate, referrals, and community involvement. Identifying variability in these areas is a requisite first step in understanding the effect of the SRO on school safety. 1 Hunt et al.: SROs in Rural and Urban Oklahoma Schools Published by eGrove, 2019


Previously, some changes were noticed in energy metabolism of rats fed a low casein diet. In connection with these phenomena, influence of a low casein diet on the composition and amounts of free fatty acids in liver homogenate after autolyzing for a few hourswas investigated. For the measurement of free fatty acids, they were purified by a methodwith some devices in purification procedure using KOH. It was found that amounts offree fatty acids in liver homogenate after autolyzing for a few hours were lower in ratsfed _??_ low casein diet.


Thinking in images is the gap which cannot be leaped by the logic thinking. The above two modes of thinking is opposite and permeable to each other. The artists need to use both thinking in images and logical thinking when they engage in artistic writing. Logic thinking is the tool to the intelligence of the characters in the novel or the story, providing the logic frame for a successful writing of the comic dialogues and sketches. It is also a tool to interpret the main theme of fine arts and cartoon works.


Diabetes affects 30.3 million Americans and is on the rise. Chronic lower extremity ulceration in patients with diabetes is a common complication that can lead to major morbidity and mortality if not addressed expeditiously. Despite numerous advances in wound care and healing over the past two decades, these ulcerations continue to pose a significant clinical problem. This case series aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (F-ESWT) administered via a pulsed acoustic cellular expression system in enhancing localized wound tissue oxygenation and perfusion in chronic wounds. Fifteen subjects with a history of diabetes and a chronic wound of the foot or ankle that had failed to achieve wound area reduction of 50% or greater after at least 4 weeks of standard of care treatment underwent four weekly treatments of F-ESWT administered via a pulsed acoustic cellular expression system. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to determine the effectiveness of F-ESWT on tissue oxygen saturation within the wound bed. All subjects demonstrated a statistically significant increase in tissue oxygen saturation within the wound bed as well as a decrease in wound area. Seven wounds healed. Results of this case study suggest that F-ESWT promotes increased tissue oxygenation within the wound bed and neovascularization, potentially facilitating accelerated wound resolution of chronic lower extremity ulcerations in patients with diabetes.


The major influence of this manuscript is to diagnose the well-recognized and achievable theory of bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy N-soft (BCIFN-S) information, which is the generalization of two different theories, bipolar complex intuitionistic fuzzy set (BCIF) and N-soft sets. The diagnosed theory of BCIFN-S set (BCIFN-SS) would cope with information that contains the 2nd dimension along with truth degree (containing both positive and negative aspects) and falsity degree (containing both positive and negative aspects) and parameterization along with grades. We also discuss various algebraic operations like union, intersection, compliments, and some of their other types for BCIFN-SS. More, in this manuscript, we interpret the TOPSIS (a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) approach which is dominant and skillful for managing strategic decision-making (DM) dilemmas under the setting of BCIFN-SS. To reveal the applicability and practicality of the diagnosed approach, we interpret a numerical example. In the last of the manuscript, we compare the devised work with certain prevailing theories to reveal supremacy and dominance.


Surrogacy is an alternative means of reproduction that has been described as a
controversial practice raising important ethico-legal considerations relating to alleged
risks to autonomy, welfare and justice. However, many arguments against it are made
without support from empirical data or despite such evidence as exists. Surrogacy is
governed by diverse regulation worldwide, but such regulation generally has not been
shaped by the perspectives of those involved in it, while the incidence of surrogacy
both at national and international levels is increasing.
In this thesis, I explore how surrogacy should be regulated in law through a sustained
comparative socio-legal approach informed by a feminist perspective. I argue that
respect for autonomy entails that individuals should be allowed to make use of
surrogacy, provided that there are no good reasons for preventing them from doing so.
I consider a range of such reasons - grounded in concerns for the welfare of the
participants and social justice - and determine that surrogacy should be permitted, if
it is properly regulated. I then go on to consider the parameters of good regulation
using Greece and the UK as examples, and explore what, if anything, each regime
might learn from the other and how they can most effectively reflect the experiences
and protect the interests of the surrogacy participants.
Greece and the UK offer the basis for a novel, interesting and fruitful comparative
socio-legal study. Greek law provides for an intention-based model of parenthood
founded on altruistic gestational surrogacy agreements which, if pre-approved by the
judiciary, can become enforceable upon the child's birth, leading to an automatic
acknowledgement of the intended parents' parenthood. UK law allows gestational and
traditional altruistic surrogacy arrangements, but only regulates those taking place in
UK clinics. UK surrogacy agreements are unenforceable, parenthood is based on
gestation and birth, and intended parents may acquire parenthood through a post-birth
parental order granted by the courts if certain conditions are met.
Despite how unusual and novel the Greek legal approach is, it is poorly explored
within the international literature. This thesis fills this gap. It also adds to the existing,
limited data about people's experiences of surrogacy regulation in the UK, both
confirming some findings of previous studies and challenging certain assumptions, as
well as introducing a range of new concerns.


The main problems of the development of digitalization of the insurance market of Ukraine were analyzed. It was argued that the main reasons for the low level of development of the insurance market digitalization are the high cost of appropriate technological upgrades, the lack of professional qualification of employees of insurance companies, the high level of insurance fraud, and the overall low level of confidence in insurance companies. It was substantiated that today the main technological trends in insurance are: chat-bots, Big Data, Blockchain, multi-channel communication, Mobile ID, Bank ID, the creation and maintenance of large information centers, the use of information technology and wireless technology in insurance. It is proved that the positive factors in the development of digitalization of the insurance market are the emergence of the possibility of using new financial instruments in the context of digitalization, the diversity of insurance products, the increase in the share of remote interaction of insurance market participants, the creation of digital insurance infrastructure. The key areas of further development of the digitalization of the insurance market are the development of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, Big Data, telematics, as well as protection systems aimed at preventing the implementation of digital threats.


To characterize the quality of the provision of hospital health care workers was studied to assess their satisfaction with medical care.


Some of the most challenging patients for primary-care physicians are those with mental illness. Here's how PAs can help you care for them.


Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS) is a mitochondrial DNA-depletion syndrome. Age of onset is bimodal: early onset at 2–4 years and later adolescent onset at 17–24 years of age. Early development is usually normal, with epilepsy heralding the disorder in ~50% of patients. The onset of seizures is coupled with progressive cognitive decline. Hepatopathy is variable, and when present is a progressive dysfunction leading to liver failure in many cases. These features of seizures, cognitive degeneration, and hepatopathy represent the "classic triad" of AHS. However, most patients develop other system involvement. Therefore, although AHS is ultimately a lethal disorder, medical care is required for sustained quality of life. Frequently, additional organ systems – gastrointestinal, respiratory, nutritional, and psychiatric – abnormalities appear and need treatment. Rarely, cardiovascular dysfunction and even pregnancy complicate medical treatment. Optimal care requires a team of physicians and caretakers to make sure quality of life is optimized. The care team, together with the family and palliative care specialists, need to be in communication as the disease progresses and medical changes occur. Although the unpredictable losses of function challenge medical care, the team approach can foster the individual quality-of-life care needed for the patient and family.


The South African commercial rock-lobster industry employs an average soak time of 22 h for traps. Experiments were undertaken to test (1) the rate of bait loss with soak time and the effect that protection of the bait has on bait loss, (2) the relationship between catch rate (numbers per trap) and soak time for traps with either protected or unprotected bait, and (3) the effect of two bait types (whole maasbanker and hake heads) on the catch of rock lobsters. There were substantial losses of unprotected bait within 6 h; substantially less weight loss was observed from protected bait even after a 48-h soak time. The numbers of rock lobsters caught in traps with unprotected bait were low relative to the capture rate with protected bait. The highest capture rate occurred after 6 h for unprotected bait and 6–12 h for protected bait. There was no significant effect of bait type (maasbanker v. hake heads) on the number or size of rock lobsters. To optimize catch efficiency, the commercial industry should use protected bait and soak times as short as 6–12 h.


This paper reports on an aspect of continual research into small island hotel and resort development. Inputted are crucial elements of a consequential literature review linked to an appropriately selected building project case study. The analysis of existing research relevant to the topic correlated concerns fl owing from trends of rising tourist numbers set against demands for more unique locations. Concurrently, the main focus of this paper is evaluation of the planning, design, construction and operation of a new tourism resort located on an uninhabited coral atoll identifi ed and considered predicted and actual performance outcomes. Signifi cantly, this 5-year investigation critically reviewed measurable responses to ecological pressures. These were noted in the processes of assessment during and following an initial independent international third-party certifi cation organization's auditor using a process-based development framework tool. A major driver for the research is the shared aim of several stakeholders involved in associated 'in time' studies. This is to ascertain the veracity of specifi c environmental, social and economic measures when implemented by resort developers and an associated facility management companies. Most actions of these parties are primarily a response to increasing emblematic relevance and exacting government-driven policies. However, many also view broader company (CSR) and community aspirations as factors crucial to the delivering of project sustainability. A primary objective of the broader research programme has involved the engendering of links between theory and practical implementation of sustainable development principles with the reality of development. Another and equally pragmatic consideration was to show and evaluate the use of process tools by those engaged in the planning, design, construction and eventual operation of hotel and resort developments. This activity is to determine their propensity to using performance framework models targeted at achieving sustainable development and improved ecological outcomes.


BACKGROUND
The aim of this work was to develop a fully automated liquid extraction-based surface sampling system utilizing a commercially available autosampler coupled with HPLC-MS/MS detection.

RESULTS
Discrete spots selected for droplet-based sampling and automated sample queue generation, for both the autosampler and MS, were enabled by using in-house developed software. In addition, co-registration of spatially resolved sampling positions and HPLC-MS information to generate heat maps of compounds monitored for subsequent data analysis was also available in the software. The system was evaluated with whole-body thin tissue sections from propranolol-dosed rats.

CONCLUSION
The spatial distributions of both the drug and its hydroxypropranolol glucuronide metabolites were consistent with previous studies employing other liquid extraction-based surface sampling methodologies.


Two maize inbred lines, selected from previous field and pot experiments were used in order to compare the (genotypic) variations in total P uptake, P partition between shoot and root and its relation to root morphology at two P levels under solution cultures, The results showed that although both root volume were less than the normal P level, KH12,a P efficient variety had a larger root volume than Xin 9005 at P-deficient treatment. With the P supply decreasing, root and shoot (biomass) also (decreased), while root to shoot ratio increased. Though KH12 absorbed less P than Xin 9005 at low phosphorus supply, the ratio of dry weight between root P accumulation and shoot accumulation are larger than Xin 9005. This indicates that KH12 are able to (produce) more dry weight using less P absorbed from low P medium.


ronically for a man who spent the majority of his adult life writing and whose output is as diverse as it is vast, Victor Serge's closest brush with r the French literary canon is an appearance aboard the Cdpitaine PaulLernc.de in the opening pages of Claude Livi-Strauss's Tristes Tropiques. That is not to say chat Serge's career as a writer was one of utter futility and that his very lengthy bibliography is devoid of literary merit. But the marginal status of Serge's literary corpus in posceriry's memory certainly recalls the peripheral quality chat Serge's life took on as he experienced exile after exile in country after councry, until tie was legally stateless at the time of his deach in November 1947. Victor Lvovich Kibalchich (alias Victor Serge) was born in Belgium to inipoverished Russian Cniigri parencs 51 years prior co that maritime encounter with Levi-Scrauss in 1341. Despite his Slavic roots and his conscant meanderings (after leaving Belgium, he lived in a number of locales including France, Spain, Russia, and Mexico), as a writer, Serge was almost invariably French. All of his novels, his poetry, and his autobiographical texts were written in French, as were the vast majority of his historical works, not to menrion the bulk of his journalistic production. Livi-Straws's paragraph-long snapshot shows us Serge traveling with his son, Vlady, and AndrC Breton en rotire to Mexico from Marseilles, leaving France, Serge's mentally ill wife, Liuba, and Nazi pursuers behind for good. LkviStrauss admits being taken aback ac what he refers to as Serge's nionklike appearance, given his past as a Russian revolutionary and the expectations one might have of a man who had engaged i n allegedly subversive accivities. Oddly enough, in accordance with LCvi-Strauss's observations, after that trans-Atlantic voyage Serge did indeed spend his final years in Mexico leading a monastic existence in poverty and relative isolation, writing, as he dejectedly remarks in his Carnets, "pour le seul tiroir" ( I 17).' Given the inarginaliry chat characterized Victor Serge in life and that marks his place in literary history, i t seems fitcing that che Library of Congress placed his first novel, Les Hommes dans Lz prison-as well as its English translation, Men in


The investigated polymetamorphic peridotites occur associated with metabasic rocks in several complexes of probably Precambrian age in the northern part of the Hesperian massif (Iberian peninsula). Spinel-clinopyroxene-, spinel-pargasite-, spinel-hornblende- and chlorite-amphibole-peridotites, wehrlites, spinel-amphiboleand plagioclase wehrlites are found; most rocks are partly to completely serpentinized. Attention has been paid particularly to the two first-mentioned catazonal types in which bands, veins and lenses of garnet ± spinel pyroxenite and -pargasitite occur, while brown ceylonite orthopyroxenite and spinel-sensu-stricto clinopyroxenite are present in subordinate amounts. It is contended that these pyroxenites and pargasitites represent partial melting products of a parental ultramafic rock which contention is corroborated by experimental evidence. The partial melt had a picritic composition and crystallized as an aluminous pyroxene assemblage, in which garnet was formed under subsolidus conditions. Comparisons are drawn with peridotites from other occurrences in which garnet-bearing assemblages are also encountered. It is assumed that these peridotites were emplaced as spinel-clinopyroxene peridotites (Iherzolites) during a Precambrian orogenic cycle under high-pressure granulitefacies conditions and equilibrated at 1100°-1200°C under 15-20 kb pressure. Catazonal retrogradation (800°-900°C, 10-15 kb pressure) gave rise to large-scale development of pargasite. Garnet probably metastably coexisted with pargasite and the zonary character in the garnets was presumably obtained during this phase. Aluminous chlorite was formed during the Hercynian orogeny under mesozonal conditions; a second generation of pyroxenes and amphiboles possesses lower contents of Al2O3. The spinel-hornblende peridotite probably did not undergo high-pressure granulite-facies conditions during the Precambrian orogeny. The chlorite-amphibole peridotite is supposed to have a lower Paleozoic age. The wehrlites are considered to be partial melting products of a parental peridotite and crystallized under low pressures. Spinel-amphibole wehrlites are hydrated plagioclase wehrlites. New whole-rock analyses of 11 peridotites and 14 pyroxenites are given. Contents of some minor and some trace elements have been determined with neutron activation analysis. Electron microprobe analyses are presented of olivines, pyroxenes, amphiboles, garnets, spinels, chlorites, hogbomites and ilmenites. The mineral compositions are compared to whole-rock chemistry and distribution coefficients are calculated from which temperature and pressure estimates are derived.


This paper presents a compound lens experiment design suitable for upper-division undergraduate laboratory courses in which teams of students constructed and measured the properties of Galilean beam expanders. Skill in developing Galilean beam expanders is useful for undergraduates who will build a magneto-optical trap in a follow-on course. This laboratory experiment was performed by third-year undergraduate students in our applied optics course and provided students with the opportunity to gain knowledge about lasers, lenses, and alignment of optical components prior to their laboratory work building a magneto-optical trap.


Events of a new type have been observed by the chacaltaya Emulsion Chamber Experiment,1,2 which can consistently be interpreted as ''baryon'' pair decay of a heavy intermetiate state of rest mas 20–30 GeV/c2.


Preface to the English-Language Edition Acknowledgments Prologue: The End of the World Draws Nigh Part One: True and False Messiahs of Islam 1. Archeology of the End of the World 2. Grand Masters of the Medieval Apocalypse 3. Avatars of the Mahdi Part Two: Apocalypse Now 4. Dawn of the Fifteenth Century of Islam 5. Pioneers of the Contemporary Apocalypse 6. The Horsemen of Apocalyptic Jihad 7. The Beginning of the End in Iraq 8. The Grand Return of the Shi?i Mahdi 9. Diasporas of the Apocalypse 10. The Armageddon of Jihad Epilogue: Through the Looking Glass and Beyond Notes A Contemporary Muslim Apocalyptic Bibliography Index


FDA has expanded the approved indication for tocilizumab (Actemra, Genentech) for the treatment of adults with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have had an inadequate response to 1 or more disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).


Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is associated with a poor outcome in breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of LVI in primary breast cancer and to investigate disease-free survival (DFS) as a prognostic marker according to the breast cancer subtypes. The clinical significance of LVI was analyzed to investigate the biology and prognosis. Patients and Methods: This study examined 4,652 consecutive invasive breast cancer cases excluding the patients with non-invasive cancer, Stage IV and neo-adjuvant therapy from February 2002 to February 2021. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of LVI positive and negative tumors were compared. LVI was evaluated in hematoxylin and eosin staining specimen from surgically resected samples. The ER, PgR, Ki-67, p53, HER2 status were evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Breast cancer subtypes were categorized based on the IHC data derived from ER/PgR, HER2 and Ki-67 (cutoff point: 20%) in invasive tumors. The median follow-up period was 95 months. Results: The LVI expression rates were 29.2%(low: 19.7% and high: 9.5%)in all primary cases. The LVI positive rate significantly correlated with ER/PgR negative, HER2 positive, p53 overexpression, higher Ki-67 index values, higher nuclear grade, positive nodes, and larger tumor. Moreover, the subtypes significantly correlated with LVI positivity; 20% in Luminal A, 34.6% in Luminal B, 40.9% in Lumina/HER2, 38.1% in HER2 enriched, and 29.8% in Triple Negative (TN). There were significant differences in DFS between LVI status in Luminal A, Luminal B, and TN subtypes, but there were no difference in the Luminal/HER2 and HER2 enriched subtypes. A multivariate analysis revealed that LVI was a significant factor in Luminal B and TN subtypes. Conclusion: LVI significantly correlated with the advanced and aggressive characteristics in breast cancer. Luminal A type had a lower LVI rate and HER2 type had a higher rate. Moreover, LVI was a significant prognostic factor in Luminal B and TN subtypes. These data suggest that the LVI status was useful in predicting the prognosis in HER2 negative breast cancer.
 Citation Format: Reiki Nishimura, Tomofumi Osako, Yasuhiro Okumura, Masahiro Nakano, Hiroko Otsuka, Mamiko Fujisue, Nobuyuki Arima. An evaluation of lymphovascular invasion in relation to biology and prognosis according to subtypes in invasive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-12.


The statistical evidence for the association of QSOs with clusters or groups of galaxies of about the same redshift is examined. It is shown that, due to the uncertainty in the number density of cluster centers for all but moderately rich compact clusters, it is premature to conclude that the present evidence for the assoication of QSOs with such groups or clusters is statistically significant. (auth)


This is a case study by Dr Manjit Sharma, about poverty in a village named Shergarh in the Bhatinda district of Punjab. Being a relatively better-performing state, all the 15 poorest households that are selected as samples for the research had self-owned houses, almost 3 meals a day etc. But poverty is visible in terms of health, education, family assets etc. The family size of the sample households is also taken understudy to understand the dependency of the family on the earner and the demography of the sample. Assets that are studied for the research are the quality of the houses, that is, availability of kitchen, bathroom, proper drainage system, toilets, handpump, electricity, animals, land owned and private transport (by-cycle). Education level in these households was not very good either for 60% of the households, the family head was illiterate. 40% of children in the family were not going to schools. 53.33% of the households had members addicted to alcohol, smoking or any other substance abuse. He also talks about the type of consumption and uses the calorie method to understand poverty.


The Parents Bill of Rights emerged from testimony of US parents and experts gathered in 1995-98 by the Task Force on Parent Empowerment. It asserts that mothers and fathers are entitled to: 1) time for their children--paid parenting leave family-friendly workplaces and a safety net; 2) economic security--a living wage job opportunities tax relief and help with housing; 3) a pro-family electoral system--incentives to vote votes for children; 4) a pro-family legal structure--stronger marriages support for fathers and adoption assistance; 5) a supportive external environment--violence-free neighborhoods quality schooling extended school days and year child care family health coverage drug-free communities responsible mass media and an organizational voice; and 6) honor and dignity--an Index of Parent Well-Being National Parents Day and parent privileges. The role of fathers would be bolstered by measures such as a compulsory 10-day paid parenting leave for new fathers the guarantee and enforcement of generous visitation rights for noncustodial parents and elimination of welfare programs that discourage two-parent families. Implementation of the Parents Bill of Rights would require a huge increase in the current level of public commitment to parents.


The Miniaturized Ultraviolet Imager (MUVI) aims to monitor Earth's ionosphere and report weather patterns to climate scientists within a 2U cube satellite footprint. The imaging equipment consists of a microchannel plate and phosphor screen that require 2.5 kV and 5.5 kV respectively at microamp level currents. This paper explains the design and modeling of a high voltage power supply to meet MUVI satellite output voltage requirements. The small mechanical footprint of a cube satellite severely limits board size and component heights. This paper further summarizes simulation results for both the power stage and analog circuitry that monitor and control the output voltage. Results from the simulations validated the design as a viable solution for MUVI's imaging equipment. The proposed power supply can achieve the required high voltage output while remaining within the 7ppm ripple specification.


This book contains some Medicine Mound family histories, extracts of news stories from the Quanah Tribune-Chief, and stories from citizens.


The quantitative and qualitative analyses ofphospholipids in the roots of Adenophora Sp. (Nansha-shen) and the roots of Glehnia littoralis (Beishashen)indicate that both drugs contain about seven phos-pholipid components, but the total phospholipidcontent in Beishashen is 2.5~3.2 times that in Nan-shashen.


Background : Chloramphenicol have a side effect to hematopoetic system that is a toxic reaction with manifestation is depression of bone marrow. The major bioactive potential substance of green tae is polyphenol. Most of polyphenols is catechin. Catechin was reported could stimulate the proliferation of HPC (Hematopoietic Pregenitor Cells) in depressed bone marrow of a mouse. )The objective of this study is to know the effect of green tea administration to the thrombocyte count on Wistar mouse which had been given chloramfenicol.

Method : This study was an experimental study with post test only control group design.
The samples were 30 wistar mouse with specific criterias, divide randomly into 3 groups.
They were control group (only standard food) , the test group 1 ( each mouse treated with chloramphenicol 2500 mg/kg weigth per oral at 6th day until 10th day ), the test group 2 (each mouse treated with green tea 165 mg/day twice a day per oral at 1st day until day 10th and chloramphenicol 2500 mg/kg weight per oral at 6th day until 10th day). At 11th day, blood samples were taken from abdominal venous. The number of thrombocyte were counted by autoanalyzer. The data analysis is carried out by SPSS 13.00 for windows. The significant level is accepted if p < 0,05.

Result : The administration of 2500 mg chloramphenicol/ kg weight per oral for the last 5 days could not cause significant decrease from the thrombocyte count on wistar mouse that show unsignificant result (p>0,05). The administration of 165 mg green tea /day twice a day per oral for 10 days could not cause significant different from the trombosit count on wistar mouse.

Conclusion : The administration of green tea could not cause significant different from the thrombocyte count on wistar mouse which had been given chloramphenicol.

Keywords : Green tea, thrombocyte, chloramphenicol.


This paper illustrates the event-oriented Behavioral Pattern Analysis (BPA) modeling approach in developing an Emergency Management System (EMS). The Event defined in BPA is a real-life conceptual entity that is unrelated to any implementation. The major contributions of this research are: the Behavioral Pattern Analysis (BPA) modeling methodology, and the development of an interactive software tool (DECISION), which is based on a combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the ELECTRE Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods.


There have been many research efforts analyzing roundabouts to extract the gap acceptance parameters of critical and follow-up headways at the entry lanes, but most have not had automatic methods of outputting the desired headways. This paper proposes an automatic method for extracting headway information at roundabouts with roadside lidar data and demonstrating the use of the headway output for Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) roundabout capacity function calibration. The advantages of using roadside lidar sensors over video cameras are that it is less computationally demanding, has a greater detection range, and is effective in all lighting conditions. Roadside lidar provides high accuracy cloud points of all road users that can be converted into geolocated trajectories using software developed by the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR). Headway is then extracted using an ArcGIS plugin of Python Scripts developed by the authors. Roadside lidar data were collected at one roundabout in Reno, Nevada, United States during the daytime hours, and headway data were extracted from the trajectory output. With rejected, accepted, and follow-up headways extracted, Raff's Method was employed to extract the critical headway and the average of the follow-up headways was calculated. These values were used to determine the entry capacity at a roundabout. The results for the capacity were validated with industry standard equations, providing evidence for an automatic method to extract crucial operational information. The methodology proposed in this paper opens the door for several more extended studies with roundabouts, vehicle-pedestrian interactions, and on-ramp merging events.


Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) is one of the most popular methods for c-Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (c-ANNS) in high-dimensional spaces. In this paper, we propose a novel LSH scheme based on the Longest Circular Co-Substring (LCCS) search framework (LCCS-LSH) with a theoretical guarantee. We introduce a novel concept of LCCS and a new data structure named Circular Shift Array (CSA) for k-LCCS search. The insight of LCCS search framework is that close data objects will have a longer LCCS than the far-apart ones with high probability. LCCS-LSH is LSH-family-independent, and it supports c-ANNS with different kinds of distance metrics. We also introduce a multi-probe version of LCCS-LSH and conduct extensive experiments over five real-life datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that LCCS-LSH outperforms state-of-the-art LSH schemes.


This paper introduces a novel 3D measurement scheme based on UV laser triangulation to ascertain the shape of transparent objects. Transparent objects are extremely difficult to scan with traditional 3D scanners because of the refraction problem observed in the visible range. Therefore, the object surface needs to be preliminary powdered before being digitized with commercial scanners. Our approach consists of using non contact measurement scheme while dealing with the refraction problem in visible environment. The object shape is computed by classical triangulation method based on stereovision constraint. The proposed acquisition system is composed of two classical visible range cameras and a UV laser source. The exploitation of the UV laser for triangulation system characterizes the novelty of the proposed approach. The fluorescence generated by the UV radiation enables to acquire 3D data of transparent surface with a classical stereovision scheme.


Taking the common fault to a certain type of short-wave radio as an example, Bayesian network, expert system and BP neural network theory were used to construct three intelligent fault diagnosis models, respectively by Genie, CLIPS and MATLAB software simulation. The results show that the three intelligent fault diagnosis method compared with the traditional method, a rapid and accurate diagnostic performance model can be extended to other communications and electronic equipment fault diagnosis.


Palpation and puncture are used for diagnosis of some tumors. These procedures may cause trauma and thus stimulate tumor dissemination. Special experiments were carried out to assess the role of these methods in tumor spreading.


In order to provide the scientific data for the eco-environment evaluation and comprehensive improvement of water bodies in Lixia River hinterland,the Jaccard species similarity index,Pielou uniformity index,Mcnaughton predominant index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index were used to study the phytoplankton ecological characteristics ofthe typical water bodies in Lixia River hinterland in autumn of 2014. The results showed that 7 classes including81 species of phytoplankton had been found in Lixia River hinterland. Among them,Chlorophyta,40 species,predominated in species,accounting for 49. 4% of the total phytoplankton species,Bacillariophyta,14 species,taken the second place,accounting for 17. 3% of the total phytoplankton species. And the species number of Cyanophyta,Euglenophyta,Xanthophyta,Cryptophyta,Pyrrophyta were 13,6,4,3,1,respectively,accounting for 16. 1%,7. 4%,4. 9%,3. 7%,1. 2% of the total phytoplankton species,respectively. The species number and biomass of phytoplankton in Lixia River hinterland in autumn of 2014 ranged from 13 to 37 and 1. 20 × 106ind·L- 1to 14. 05 ×106ind·L- 1,respectively. Chlorophyta,Cyanophyta,Bacillariophyta predominated both in species number and biomass. The analysis results of similarity showed that the similarity index ranged from 0. 07 to 0. 50,which meant the similarity indexes were very low and the eco-environment differed significantly from station to station. The analysis result of predominance index showed that there were 4 phyla 19 predominant species in Lixia River hinterland in autumn of 2014,and the predominant indexes were not high( except the high predominant indexes at Dazhong Lake with Microcystis aeruginisa of 0. 46,Taidong estuary with Microcystis aeruginisa of 0. 60 and the second waterworks of Xinghua with Microcystis flos-aquae Kirchn of 0. 51),ranging from 0. 10 to 0. 60. The analysis results of diversity and uniformity showed that the diversity index and uniformity index ranged from 2. 07 to 4. 45 and 0. 51 to 0. 86,respectively,whose average values were 3. 29 and 0. 76,which meant that both diversity and uniformity of phytoplankton were good.


In this chapter, we will focus separately on the spherical and cylindrical modal expansion techniques. The spatial filtering based on the SWE technique is described in Section. The SWE can be applied to any type of antenna and it requires the knowledge of the full three-dimensional (3D) radiation pattern. In Section, we will see how the SWE can be exploited not only for echo reduction purposes but also for noise reduction and to mitigate the errors coming from the truncation of the scanning area.


Objective To evaluate the effects of nutritional status of gastric perforation following surgery.Method Fifty-two patients operated for gastric perforation were divided into two groups,with the similar nutritional support,we reviewed their abdominal wound closures characteristic.Results Compared with gastric ulcer perforations,perforations of gastric cancer suffered unoptimistic abdominal wound closure.Conclusion In the post-operating period of gastric perforation,nutritional support is necessary for wound closure.


Abstract : The measurement of atmospheric constituents and their motion plays an integral part in the understanding of the Earth-Biosphere interaction. This circumstance has resulted in rapid growth within the field of remote sensing. Remote sensing systems may passively collect electromagnetic or acoustic waves transmitted from a distant point, or they may illuminate a volume of the atmosphere with radiation and observe the back scattered signal. These instruments operate over the entire spectrum from gamma waves to extremely low frequency radio waves. This thesis is concerned with the design and the construction of the optical receiver of a remote sensing instrument called a LIDAR, for 'light detection and ranging.' The operating principles and design of an optical receiver for a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) remote sensing instrument are addressed. The performance and limitations of a biaxial monostatic LIDAR system utilizing this design are investigated. The complete optical and structural design of the receiver, including specifications of components are outlined. The thermal stabilization of the detector assembly and the integration of control electronics are described. A detailed discussion of alignment procedures and possible improvements are made. A sample observation is presented with suggestions for fully automating the system.


Countries around the globe are encouraging the privatization of airports. While the models applied in the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand are somewhat different, the resultant entities are essentially private. In the case of India, the original model envisaged in 1999 also was of private entities, with minority stakes to be held by the State. In 2006, when brownfield airports were privatized, this model was applied. When the new greenfield airports started operations in 2008, they were also considered private entities. However, of late these entities are emerging as state entities or instrumentalities of the State, with respect to many statutes. This article analyzed the background of the model applied, models applied in other countries, the decisions of various courts, the effect of these entities being considered as "State" with respect to the Constitution of India and various statutes, including the Right to Information Act 2005 (Transparency Act), the Airports Authority of India Act 1994, and the Airport Economic Regulatory Authority Act 2008 (AERA Act). In the emerging situation, private airports demand to be considered as private entities in certain situations but as "state entities" in other situations for which there are advantages. The author argues that the evolving situation is neither in phase with the original concept of privatization, nor is it helpful when looking at future privatization.


The timetabling is a difficult problem, which is an element of the widen field of Scheduling. The scheduling problems belong to NP hard problems and are defined as an allocation problem of resources over time. The classes or lectures timetabling problem is usually solved by hand and taking several days or weeks of repair after feedback from staff and students in departments. This paper proposed an improved algorithm to solve lectures timetabling problem using genetic algorithm (GA), which has enhanced performance especially because the modification of genetic algorithm behavior. This paper also shows implementation details of timetabling software solution, which employs GA for finding an optimal solution of timetabling problem and generating lectures timetables by using real datasets and constraints from the departments at University of Science and Technology, IBB branch (hinted in the paper as college), Yemen. This software was developed by using C# to program genetic algorithm interface and using SQL Server database to store optimal timetables and college information.


The distinguishing characteristics of scientific and technical libraries as information transfer agencies are described. The mere acquisition of documents is not sufficient. Proper management of collections and provision of adequate library services is essential for the library to function as an effective information transfer institution. This study includes a survey of 146 scientific and technical libraries in India regarding the collection management methods followed and the types of library services organized. It also indicates the number of libraries using computers for processing of information and of those making use of online facilities.


Bivalirudin, a direct thrombin inhibitor, has been studied as an alternative to heparin for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stable coronary artery disease,1,2 non–ST-segment elevationacutecoronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS),3,4 and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).5,6 These studies found that bivalirudin reducedmajor bleedingwhen comparedwith regimens of heparinplusglycoprotein IIb/IIIa (Gp IIb/IIIa) inhibitors.However, many of these trials also found small numerical increases in ischemic events with bivalirudin and increases in acute stent thrombosis, particularly in patients with STEMI.5,6 Over time, the need for routine Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors for PCI has become less clear. Two trials found that Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitor use to treat NSTE-ACS increased the risk of bleeding without reducing ischemicevents.7,8 P2Y12 antagonists that result inpotent antiplatelet effectshavealsodecreased theneed for additional antiplatelet medications. Thus, practice has shifted and current guidelines recommend thatGp IIb/IIIa inhibitors be reserved as "bailout therapy" for thrombotic complications.9 As a result, there has been a need to readdress the efficacy of bivalirudinwhen comparedwith heparin, such as by studies inwhichGp IIb/IIIa inhibitors areused only on a provisional basis in both treatment groups. The Unfractionated Heparin Versus Bivalirudin in PrimaryPercutaneousCoronary Intervention (HEAT-PPCI) trial,10 performed at a single center in the United Kingdom, randomized 1812 patients with STEMI to receive bivalirudin or heparin.Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitorswereused infrequentlywith bivalirudin (13%) and heparin (15%). Contrary to prior trials, therewas no difference in bleeding and bivalirudin increased the composite end point of death, stroke, reinfarction, or unplanned target lesion revascularization (8.7% vs 5.7%; relative risk [RR], 1.52; 95% CI, 1.09-2.13; P=.01) and stent thrombosis (3.4% vs 0.9%; RR, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.61-9.52; P=.001). In this issue of JAMA, Han and colleagues11 report the results of the Bivalirudin in Acute Myocardial Infarction vs Heparin and GPI Plus Heparin Trial (BRIGHT), which is the latest clinical trial studying bivalirudin in patients undergoing PCI. The trial was performed in 82 centers in China and randomized 2194 patients with acute MI undergoing PCI into 1 of 2 open-label treatment groups: bivalirudin and provisional Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors (n=735), heparin and provisional Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors (n= 729), or heparin and routine Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors (n=730). The primary end point was a net adverse clinical end point (a composite of death, reinfarction, ischemia-driven revascularization, stroke, or any bleeding event). Patients treatedwithbivalirudinandprovisionalGpIIb/IIIa inhibitors had lower rates of this net composite end point (65 events, 8.8%) than thepatients treatedwitheitherheparinand provisional Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors (96 events, 13.2%) or heparin and routine Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitor (124 events, 17.0%). The difference between the groups was almost entirely driven by the difference in the any-bleeding category. There was a statistically significant reduction in bleeding at 30 days, but the time-to-eventcurves forbleedingappear toshowthat theseparation in the bivalirudin–provisional Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitor and heparin–provisionalGpIIb/IIIa inhibitorgroupsoccurredsometime around day 10. There were no differences in ischemic events, including stent thrombosis. At first glance, the discordant results of the HEAT-PPCI and BRIGHT trials are somewhat difficult to reconcile. However, these trials have fundamental differences that may explain the difference in results without challenging the validity of either trial. For instance, the trials were performed in countries with different patients, health care systems, and methods of health care, all of which can influence clinical outcomes.12 The studies enrolled different populations—HEAT-PPCI only randomized patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI (median time from to randomization to symptom onset 2.8 hours) and BRIGHT randomized patients with both STEMI (median time from symptom onset to hospital arrival 6.1 hours) and NSTE-ACS undergoing emergency PCI (of which the largest proportion were STEMI). In addition, there are important differences in the trials with regards to the anticoagulant treatment. In the HEAT-PPCI trial, anticoagulation was started before patients arrived at the catheterization laboratory, whereas in BRIGHT patients did not receive anticoagulation until after arrival into the catheterization lab at which time randomization occurred. The doses of heparin to which bivalirudin and provisional Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitors were compared and the management of bivalirudin following PCI also differed. Finally, the majority of patients in HEAT-PPCI received novel platelet P2Y12 inhibitors, whereas these agents were not available in BRIGHT. TheBRIGHT trial reportedbyHanandcolleagues is an important contribution that raises further questions including what is theoptimal doseofheparin.Despite longstandinguse, the best dose and degree of anticoagulation during PCI remains unclear. Current guidelines support an initial dose of heparin between 70 U/kg (dose used by HEAT-PPCI) and 100 U/kg (dose used in the BRIGHT). As the degree of anticoagulation increases, the risk of bleeding does as well. Is there an optimal dose or is the risk:benefit ratio so variable for each individual that it cannot be determined? Related article page 1336 Opinion


Document clustering, one of the traditional data mining techniques, is an unsupervised learning paradigm where clustering methods try to identify inherent groupings of the text documents, so that a set of clusters is produced in which clusters exhibit high intra-cluster similarity and low inter-cluster similarity. The importance of document clustering emerges from the massive volumes of textual documents created. For distributed document clustering, we experimented on Hadoop and MapReduce open source platforms. We tested on two datasets consisting of 20000 (20-NewsGroup) and 21578 (Reuters) documents. We focused on efficient pre-processing wherein we applied syntactic and semantics tagging to the dataset. Here, we have suggested syntactic and semantic parsing i.e. POS tagging, and word sense disambiguation for better understanding of synonymous words and hyponymy words using WordNet. Porter's Stemming algorithm is revised and compared with traditional algorithm. We also suggest different order of pre-processing steps. We performed experiments to generate various clusters with different count of iterations for refining the clusters. Also, for monitoring the scale-up of Hadoop we added nodes and compared the time taken for clustering.


There is growing interest in the processes by which entrepreneurial opportunities are cocreated between entrepreneurs and their stakeholders. The longitudinal case study of de novo firm Wakefield Seafoods seeks to understand the underlying dynamics of phenomena that play out over time as stakeholders emerge and their contributions become essential to the opportunity formation process. The king crab data show that under conditions of uncertainty, characterized by incomplete or missing knowledge, entrepreneurial processes of experimentation, failure, and learning were effective in forming and exploiting an opportunity. Moreover, contrary to existing literature that either emphasizes heroic entrepreneurs or downplays their value, this article shows that both the vision of the entrepreneur and the stakeholder contributions are critical. This detailed examination of process data shows that the cumulative actions made by entrepreneurs in concert with their stakeholders formed an opportunity that coalesced into a new market.


PURPOSE: A mobile communication terminal having a GPS function therein is provided to realize an RF switch and a GPS band pass filter as a multiplexer, and to separate into a CDMA transmission signal, a CDMA receiving signal, and a GPS signal, respectively, thereby reducing a PCB size. CONSTITUTION: A multiplexer(100) inputs a GPS receiving signal, a CDMA receiving signal, and a CDMA transmission signal, and selectively outputs the GPS signal, the CDMA receiving signal or the CDMA transmission signal. The first LNA(40) inputs a GPS RF signal, and amplifies a low noise signal. The second LNA(60) inputs a CDMA RF signal, and amplifies a low noise signal. An RF interface(80) inputs the output signals of the first and second LNAs(40,60), and processes a position trace and a voice signal of a mobile communication terminal. A PAM(Pulse Amplitude Modulator)(70) inputs the CDMA transmission signal, modulates into a pulse amplitude of the CDMA transmission signal, and outputs the modulated signal.


In India about 11,400 thousand hectares are under permanent pastures 'which account for approximately four per cent of the toted world's pastural area, whereas in Himachal Pradesh, 1,158 thousand hectares are under permanent pastures out of which 70 per cents under temperate and alpine vegetative cover {Anonymous, 19921. These pastures are spread from 300 to 4,500m above msl comprising sub-tropical, temperate and alpine types.


The utility model discloses a Kirschner wire for internal fixation of a fracture which not only prevents the Kirschner wire from axially retreat after operation, but also prevents the Kirschner wire from being excessively inserted into human tissue axially. The Kirschner wire for internal fixation of the fracture comprises a rod and a point arranged at the head of the rod. The point is designed as a self-tapping pin fin and the rod is provided with a limiting part with a thread hole. The cross size of the limiting part is greater than the diameter of the rod and the rear end of the rod is in a triangular prism shape.


THE occurrence of disease is a function of population characteristics. Its spread depends upon movements, its transmission upon contacts, and even its presence upon density of population. Hence, it is hardly surprising that the control of disease requires a knowledge of characteristics of the population involved. In particular, the control of ratborne diseases requires a knowledge of rat populations. Rat populations throughout the world arie relatively similar, although local conditions and specific differences produce some variation in degree. This paper, therefore, discusses the general characteristics of global rat populations, although most of the generalizations are based upon studies of the Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus) in Baltimore. First, let us consider the simple case of the growth of a population in a stationary environment. Let us assume that a number of rats are introduced into an area that has ample and constant supply of food and harborage. The rat population will increase till it reaches a limit determined by the food and harborate