The correlation between the toxicity of 15 organochlorine (OCI) and 14 organophosphorus (OP) insecticides with and without synergists, to the house fly, Musca domestica L., and to the mouse, was determined. The results, plotted on log-log paper, correlate better when fly results were determined in the presence of a synergist than without. The difference in circulatory systems may be responsible for better correlation with the synergist present.

When the safety factor was calculated between mouse LD50 and fly LD50 it varied from 0.87 to 56 with a mean of 19.4 for 15 OCI. For 14 analogues of Gardona® (2-chloro-l-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl phosphate) the safety factor varied from 19 to 1060 with a mean of 376, indicating that this group of vinyl phosphates is safer than OCI.


The research is to find out what language style and structure delivered by the host (trainer/host) with the time limitations and what is the meaning of visual reality that exists in the media from the perspective of Multimodal theory. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive analysis that analyzes and exposes the narrative representation, the conceptual representation, the representation and interaction of the research object to get a result of research that is quite comprehensive. The research used case study in the Catatan Anak Start Up (CAST) which contains tips and tricks of the start up business performed in virtual class through social media as the medium. The result shows that many declarative sentences with simple structure are used and comprehensive visual structure elements make the tutorial content in virtual classes on social media can be conveyed successfully. The conclusion shows that the virtual class can be one of the media to share knowledge and experience by using interactive language for young people. Multimodality analysis of verbal and visual language structures proves that verbal structures that produce language moods will be very effective in conveying messages if supported by visual structural elements. Keywords— Virtual Class , Multimodal, language structure


A sigma-delta (SigmaDelta) modulator with 8 bits of resolution and only 330 nW power consumption for a cardiac pacemaker is presented The overall modulator operates from 2.3 V down to 1.5 V supply using fully-differential class AB/AB amplifiers with transistors biased in weak inversion. The system has been implemented in a standard 0.5-mum CMOS process. Post-layout simulations have been performed showing 57 dB of SNR with an oversampling ratio of 32.


Abstract Context: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been successfully applied in immune-related diseases of adults and neonates, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objective: This study aims to investigate the distinct impacts of IVIG on cultured dendritic cells (DCs) from newborn and healthy adult. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from eight full-term newborns and eight healthy adult volunteers. DCs from cord blood and peripheral blood were both cultured in the RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, 50 ng/ml granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and 10 ng/ml recombinant human interleukin-4 (rhIL-4) for 5 d with therapeutic IVIG (20 mg/ml) or physiological IVIG (10 mg/ml). Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs, 1 μg/ml) were added on the fifth day to induce the maturation of immature DCs. The phagocytosis of monocytes, expression of MR (mannose receptor), CD14, CD1a, CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC II were examined by flow cytometry. The expression of IL-4 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, while IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-10 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) commercial kits. Results: IVIG of therapeutic dose inhibited the phagocytosis, differentiation and maturation of DCs, whereas physiological dose exhibited an accelerated role in vitro, especially on DCs from neonates, but aroused different effects on cytokine secretion. Discussion and conclusion: The different responses are generally due to immature immune system of neonate, which has a limit capacity to maintain immunity homeostasis. Modulation of DCs phagocytosis, differentiation, maturation and cytokine secretion by IVIG is of potential relevance to its dosage and immune status of patients.


The principle of community participation is so well recognized in international health circles that no declaration about primary health care is made without it. Yet in actually planning and implementing programs it is very difficult to find clear ways of following this principle. This paper analyzes the concrete aspects of community participation in the Munoz-community based health program a small non- government health program funded by Missionary Medical Actions (MEMISA - the Netherlands) and established in Munoz Nueva Ecija the Philippines. The program started as a parish-based charity clinic with a policy of free consultations and medicines but underwent a gradual evolution towards a mother and child health (MCH) program with a growing emphasis on the participation of the pregnant mothers and community health workers (CHWs) in the villages. The sponsoring agency staff members and CHWs agreed to strive for financial independence by the year 1990- 91. This would require better cooperation with the Rural Health Unit (the government public health sector) at the program level and a higher degree of community participation at the level of the community if the MCH-program was to be maintained after the discontinuation of external financial support. An intensive debate among staff members and CHWs revealed a lack of clear understanding of the concept of community participation. Specifically the absence of an insurance to assess the process of community participation resulted in a vague and unsatisfactory analysis of the situation. Recently an analytical framework for such an analysis has been developed which focuses on participation as a process enabling an assessment of participation to go beyond the limits of a merely quantitative analysis. It appears to be a useful instrument for analyzing community participation describing what has been achieved and identifying some of the elements that influenced this process. We have applied this framework retrospectively to our program examining the organization of the communities taking a needs assessment assessing resource mobilization and investigating management involvement of the community with self-management as a goal. (authors modified)


Biosparging was investigated in a sand aquifer to determine its effectiveness in removing a weathered diesel LNAPL while limiting the emission of volatilised petroleum hydrocarbons to the atmosphere. The field monitoring was aimed at determining fluxes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as well as biodegradation rates of both the source LNAPL and VOCs through a variety of measures. These measures included soil gas analyses, O 2 utilisation, CO 2 production and heat production. Single-well air injection rates up to 20 m 3 h -1 were able to be applied, providing LNAPL remediation at a distance up to 5 m, without an appreciable flux of VOCs to the atmosphere. Biodegradation of VOCs in the 4 m vadose zone was sufficient to mitigate VOC fluxes of 3-4 kg day -1 . Biodegradation rates were relatively modest though (maximum 8 mg kg -1 day -1 for the source LNAPL) and appeared nutrient limited. Removal of about 11 kg m -2 LNAPL over nearly 14 months of intermittent sparging was appreciably less than the original amount (64 kg m -2 ) in the aquifer. However, its composition was altered to greatly reduce its risk profile.


The breeding process of the food waxy corn hybrid variety, Jinnong No. 0802, was explained firstly. Then, its yield characteristics, varietal properties, suitable cultivation areas and cultivation practices were studied. The results show that Jinnong No. 0802 is of high yield, excellent qualities, high resistance, good ecological suitabilities and moderate aging-time. As a food waxy corn hybrid variety, Jinnong No. 0802 is able to be cultivated in most ecological zones of China.


Composite materials continue to gain wider acceptance in the pipeline industry for repairing a range of pipeline anomalies. This success is due in large part to two factors. The first contributor is the execution of comprehensive research programs such as the first PRCI MATR-3-3, State of the Art Assessment of Composite Repair Systems and this second program contained herein focused on evaluating composite materials to repair damaged pipelines. The second factor associated with the widespread use of composite materials is the successful two-decade history that composite materials have had in repairing pipelines. While there have been a few unfortunate incidents in the field (primarily related to poor installation), composite materials have proven themselves to be well suited for repairing high pressure gas and liquid pipelines. The need existed for a set of integrity assessment procedures and guidelines to ensure proper use and application of composite repair materials for mechanically-damaged pipes.

The results of this program indicate that when properly designed and installed, composite repair systems are able to restore integrity to mechanically-damaged pipes to a state that makes them fit for continued use at their normal design conditions. When composite materials are used for repairs, whether the repair involves corrosion, dents, or other anomalies, an integrity assessment should be completed. The integrity assessment procedures and guidelines presented in this report include an estimate of the future operating conditions to ensure that the design is adequate for the intended service.


low generated his powerful description of a hierarchy of psychological states and pointed out the desirability of reaching a state of self-acceptance and actualization. 1 The new surge of interest in staff development has brought with it a concern with the nature of the "adult learner." (What motivates teachers to learn? What learning styles characterize them? How do they deal with new ideas?) Maslow's formulations may have much to offer the enquiry into the teacher as a learner.


Slipped capital femoral epiphysis [SCFE] is most common hip problem in adolescent child and usually occurs around the growth spurt. There is a sheering force around the hip which favours the slip. However in the vast majority of cases the slip occurs in the varus direction. Valgus slipped capital femoral epiphysis as such is an uncommon entity. Not much literature has been published so for on this entity. This condition is not mentioned in standard orthopedics textbook. One such case report is presented over here along with the review of the available literature.


This paper aims at examining the star system in the Korean film history from the middle 1950s to the middle 1960s. More specifically, it is to portray the landscape of the star system in the Korean film world in 1950s and 1960s through the discourse on the 'attached star system' or the 'attached actor system.' This kind of Korean star system appeared spontaneously as individual film industry demanded interiorly, and at the same time it was forced as the policy called. As the Hollywood star system is inseparable from its studio system, the attached actor system can also be examined along with the context of the film industrialization policy in Korea at that time. Due to the attached actor system and regulations in 1950s and 1960s, the topography of the Korean film world can be described with the major productions to answer the policy versus the individual productions without legitimate qualification. The Korean film industry in 1950s dreamed of, as it is called, the Hollywood studio system. Although the dream continued in 1960s as well, the desire for the film industrialization became a project incomplete. When the number of productions reached over 100 films in 1959, the production companies demanded to guarantee the stars according to the increasing number of films, and drove forward the attached star system under the necessity of their own. So called the 'franchised theaters' centering around Kook-je, Kook-do, Myung-bo and Sudo Theaters which were specialized as the first run theaters in Seoul since 1958 were established, when realizing the 'attached star system.' The Korean film industry of the middle and late 1950s put the star system in operation as the internal demands with dreaming of the studio system and as the market incentives, while the national policy cal1ed the film industrialization was intervened to enforce the 'attached actor system' artificial1y in the early and middle I 960s, which brought the conflicts with the reality of the film world. When the Motion Picture Law was promulgated in March 1962, the topic of the Korean film world to conform to the national film policy of the military regime was the film production aiming at modernization. Although 18 production companies competitively enforced the attached star system according to the policy of the Ministry of Publicity after the enactment of the Motion Picture Law in 1962, it ended up with the perfunctory system only for none-stars to become attached to companies. Never did disappear the side effects that the most of stars in leading parts starred at least 5-6 films at the same time. As the amendment of the Motion Picture Law in 1963 forced the production companies to equip synchronous recording systems but postponed enforcing, the artificial regulation on the attached actor was also an impossible project to be realized. The attached actor system which had remained for 5 years on the Law was finally abolished after the second amendment of the Motion Picture Law in August 1966.


Minor actinides (MA) resulted from nuclear power plants is often considered as nuisance in spent fuel management due to its considerably long half-life. One of available strategies to deal with MA is to incinerate it, in order to reduce its radioactivity. This paper presents a study on MA incineration in RSG-GAS research reactor. Unlike previous study, this work did not separate the MA into individual isotopes, but incinerated as a whole. ORIGEN2.1 code is employed to calculate MA incineration within RSG-GAS core. MA composition used in this study consists of Np, Am, and Cm isotopes. The Central Irradiation Position (CIP) of RSG-GAS is loaded by 6 kg of MA and irradiated for two years. The result shows that about 1 kg of MA were incinerated after two years of irradiation, or 18,87% of the initial concentration. However, the increase of Cm-242 isotope, along with newly-formed Pu isotopes, were found to be significantly increasing short-term radioactivity compared to un-irradiated MA. Thus, two years-worth of MA incineration cannot be considered as effective, and other strategies must be pursued.


The emphasis on quantitative research over qualitative research in criminal justice has encountered strong criticism; yet it has endured. One dimension of its persistence concerns the organization of doctoral programs in the field. In this article I examine the extent and rationality of the quantitative emphasis within these programs. Course requirements in quantitative methods, relative to those in qualitative methods, are explored as indicators of this emphasis. I find support for the claim that doctoral education in criminal justice has gone beyond mere emphasis on quantitative methods, and has become a detrimental preoccupation. In addition to supplementing the ongoing critique of this emphasis, I consider the possibility of moderating it.


In this dissertation, I demonstrate how to speed up path planning for moving target search, which is a problem where an agent needs to move to a target and the target can move over time. It is assumed that the current locations of the agent and the target are known to the agent at all times. The information about the terrain that an agent has is the action costs of the agent in any particular location of the terrain. The information about the terrain that the agent has can change over time depending on different applications: For example, when a robot is deployed in a new terrain without any map a priori, the robot initially does not have any information about the terrain and it has to acquire information about the terrain during navigation. However, a character in a computer game may have complete information about the terrain that remains unchanged over time given that the whole game map is loaded in memory and is available to the character. I use the following movement strategy for the agent that is based on assumptive planning: The agent first finds a cost-minimal path to the target with the information about the terrain that is currently available to it. The agent then starts moving along the path. Whenever new information about the terrain is acquired or the target moves off the path, the agent performs a new search to find a new cost-minimal path from the agent to the target. The agent uses this movement strategy until either the target is caught or the agent finds that


Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a robust annual grass, usually 1.2–3.5 m tall. It is a staple cereal in India, and in some countries of west and southern Africa. Pearl millet (known as Bajra in Hindi, also known as sajjey in Kannada and 'Kambu' in Tamil). The largest producer are Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Hariyana. It has the capacity to produce a grain yield of 4-5 tonns per hectare. Being non-glutinous makes it a healthy option for people with a gluten allergy and celiac disease. They are power-packed with carbohydrates, essential amino acids, antioxidants, multiple vitamins like thiamine, riboflavin, folic acid, niacin, beta carotene, and minerals like iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc and phytochemicals such as polyphenols and flavonoids. In this review, along with in the nutritional composition are discussed with the emphasis on the effect of processing on the nutrient and also discussed about health benefits.


Along with the further progress of the West Development, and wide application of the latticed steel tubular tower, double circuits on same tower and many circuits on same tower in UHV transmission lines, inserted foundation also got the extensive application, but theoretical study is a long way behind engineering practice. A set of pullout loading test equipment for model test of the pullout behavior of inserted foundation was designed, testing and date-gathering apparatuses of outer force, inner force, anchoring force and deformation are introduced in detail including the testing scheme, approaches and processes.


AbstractThe paper presents an approximate analysis of closed queueing networks where batch service and consequently batch arrivals are permitted. Bulk queueing systems arise naturally in many computer systems and computer communication contexts and may have a significant effect on system performance. Such systems present difficulties in analytic modeling because they violate the one step assumption which are essential to product form queueing networks. The proposed approximation developed for multiple routing chains with load independent service rates is based on Mean Value Analysis (MVA) solution technique. Simulation is employed to evaluate the accuracy of the method.


ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT: This qualitative study of how night work influence nurses' quality of life and their conception of quality of life was conducted at a teaching hospital in Brazil's Midwest in 2005. The sample of 16 nurses on night work were interviewed using a script of guiding questions on the nurses' understanding of the meaning of quality of life, their reasons for opting for the night shift and how night work influenced their quality of life. Analysis of the data enabled identification of two thematic categories: meaning of quality of life and night work and quality of life . The results indicated a relationship between the ability to work and quality of life, the latter relating to meeting basic needs, such as health, housing, leisure, work and decent pay.


Implementation of LTCC (low temperature coflred ceramics) technology for advanced substrates and packages destined for microwave circuits creates several challenges related to proper choice of materials and processing parameters. In this paper, a new low dielectric permittivity material based on a diopside-glass composite was developed, characterized and applied for fabrication of LTCC substrates. For comparison, properties of pure diopside ceramic were also investigated. Heating microscope studies were used for determination of sintering conditions. Microstructure of laminates was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Measurements of dielectric properties carried out in the temperature range from 25 to 150°C at frequencies 100 Hz–2 MHz revealed low dielectric permittivity of the substrates at a level of 7.2–7.9. Analysis of test LTCC structures with screen printed patterns of conductive paths with different width proved good compatibility of the developed material with co-sintered layers made of commercial AgPd pastes.


The CMOS A/D converters combine all linear and digital circuits on a single chip. The 3700 series also comprises the first IC-type converters to use an integrating principle. All three models ¿ the 8-, 10-, and 12-bit models ¿ us e an integrating conversion technique called incremental charge balancing to achieve high linearity and monotonic performance.


Introduction:
 It is critical to treat Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) patients quickly; however, treatment eligibility is dependent on the arrival time to the nearest stroke center by Private Vehicle (PV) or Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The duration in the prehospital stage is defined as the period from stroke onset to arrival at a non-stroke center, primary stroke center or comprehensive stroke center. This study aims to detail the prehospital stage of suspected AIS patients in order to identify opportunities for process improvements.

 Methods:
 Discrete-event simulation (DES) is a powerful decision-making tool and robust methodology for evaluating treatment processes and allows for improvements to be tested before implementing changes using real resources. A DES is developed using ARENA software to model the prehospital stage of suspected AIS patients. The process steps include two treatment pathways, PV and EMS. The pathways differ because those patients arriving via EMS allow for the activation of the code stroke protocol prior to hospital arrival. The drive times from the stroke scene to the hospital were kept constant at 40 min assuming a suburban transport. The model assumes 60% recognition of ischemic stroke using EMS stroke screening tools and large vessel occlusion screening tools and a 90% probability that the paramedics correctly screen for a potential stroke and bypass to a stroke center. The primary outcome measure is median onset-to-door time, defined as the time from onset of stroke symptoms to arrival to the hospital. The Mann-Whitney U test is used for evaluating statistical significance among the outputted median onset-to-door time for all scenarios.

 Results:
 The following process improvement scenarios were run: reducing the waiting time for EMS on average from 7 min to 5 min and reducing delays on-scene on average from 20 min to 15 min, and the median onset-to-door time reductions were from a median of 57.53 min to a median of 51.41 min (p<0.0001).

 Conclusions:
 Reduction in onset to arrival times is possible by reducing waiting time for the EMS and delay on-scene of the stoke.


Effective cancer treatment necessitates both high efficacy of local treatment and combating sub-clinical systemic disease. Consequently, cancer therapy today involves various combinations of local and systemic treatment modalities. Of those, combining drugs and radiation has been attracting particular attention both in terms of its biological rationale and its potential of increasing the therapeutic outcome.


Radiation can be used to induced series of developmentall malformations in the brains of rats The degree of reproducibility of the patterns has suggested their use in studies relating certain attributes of behavior with cerebral cortical structure. The patterns of brain malformiation induced by giving 150 to 200 r on each of the days of gestation. 12 to 20. are described and illustrated. Some of the histogenetic mechanisms that lead up to the cortical malformations are described. based on a study of different members of the same abnormal litter taken at successive stages of development.


Studies of the kinematics of NGC 1407 have revealed complex kinematical structure, consisting of the outer galaxy, an embedded disc within a radius of $\sim60$ arcsec, and a kinematically decoupled core (KDC) with a radius of less than 30arcsec. However, the size of the KDC and the amplitude of the kinematic misalignment it induces have not yet been determined. In this paper, we explore the properties of the KDC using observations from the MUSE Integral Field Spectrograph to map out the kinematics in the central arcminute of NGC 1407. Velocity and kinemetry maps of the galaxy reveal a twist of $\sim$148 degree in the central $10$ arcseconds of the galaxy, and the higher-order moments of the kinematics reveal that within the same region, this slowly-rotating galaxy displays no net rotation. Analysis of the stellar populations across the galaxy found no evidence of younger stellar populations in the region of the KDC, instead finding uniform age and super-solar $\alpha$-enhancement across the galaxy, and a smoothly decreasing metallicity gradient with radius. We therefore conclude that NGC 1407 contains a triaxial, kiloparsec-scale KDC with distinct kinematics relative to the rest of the galaxy, and which is likely to have formed through either a major merger or a series of minor mergers early in the lifetime of the galaxy. With a radius of $\sim$5 arcseconds or $\sim0.6$ kpc, NGC 1407 contains the smallest KDC mapped by MUSE to date in terms of both its physical and angular size.


Instructions for creating persistent links to e-journal articles, e-book chapters, and other online content. Finding the Permalink to an Ebsco article


This dissertation deals with the question of why and how the issue of workers' education came to be part of both bourgeois and working class formation during the second half of the 19th century and how it contributed to the shaping of new social relations. The theoretical perspective is based on the concept of hegemony indicating that a leading class has to establish and maintain its leadership by gaining consensus from the ruled classes. The concept of class is viewed as both objective and subjective reality. Attention is, however, paid mainly to the subjective formation of class. Therefore, the experiences and actions of men and women "making" their class, creating class identity, are at the focus of the study. All during the second half of the 19th century, workers' education was debated and educational institutions were founded. This study analyses debate and practice in the cities of Lund and Helsingborg, where public libraries were founded during the 1860s in order to provide the "working classes" with educational opportunities. When workers began to gather in the labour movement during the 1880s and 1890s, they, too, founded libraries. The study shows that practice in the public libraries did not conform at all with the notions and intentions expressed in local discussions. Promoters of workers' education intended for the libraries to contain mainly non-fictional literature, and especially books on natural sciences and society. They recommended fiction only in very small proportions or not at all. Once founded, both libraries contained novels to an extent far exceeding these recommendations, and in increasing numbers. Furthermore, novels were by far the preferred literature of library visitors. This result is interpreted as a conflict between an older, established popular reading culture and a new bourgeois reading culture and its implications are discussed. The practice of public libraries is interpreted as part of the emerging bourgeois culture and class identity. Library visitors are analysed with regard to their social background, gender and reading preferences, and differences between male and female book loans are discussed. The workers' libraries did not differ as much from the public libraries as has been maintained in previous research but can nevertheless be considered to have been a part of working class formation and class consciousness. They did not, however, integrate women, other than indirectly, into this part of working class culture. Whereas bourgeois women were able to actively participate in shaping bourgeois reading culture, working class women were almost all excluded from the workers' libraries, since they rarely could fulfil membership conditions, namely to be a member of a union. The above mentioned results are interpreted and discussed against the background of social change in the two cities.


This study uses a Central Bureau Statistics (CBS) demand system to estimate food import demand parameters for the Caribbean region. The analysis is based on food import data for 1961–2009 from the FAO-STAT database. The study determined that for the defined period the Caribbean food import demand was price inelastic, and that tourism arrivals and real income growth were not statistically significant in determining food import demand. However, per capita agricultural production was found to be statistically significant in determining Caribbean food import demand over the study period.


Objective:To study the curative effect of Pd-E in treating chronic congestive heart failure and the probable mechanism. Method:The control group(31 cases) were treated only with WM,the treatment group(29 cases) were treated with combined Pd-E and WM.Clinical double blind control study was used to observe the effect of Pd-E on EF,SV,CO,E,A,E/A and plasma ANF of with heart failure. Result:The EF and the peak of early rapid filling phase after treatment were increased significantly.SV and CO were enhanced,and the plasma ANF was declined significantly(P0.05).Conclusion Pd-E can effectively improve the systolic function and diastolic function of the left ventricle and then improve the blood supply of the body and decline.the content of ANF which is possibly one of the therapeutic mechanisms.


1. Introduction. A sequence {S n }, or a series ^U n with partial sums S ni is said to be summable by the Cesàro mean of order a, or summable (C, a), to the sum 5, if <r n a = Sf/A£ —>s,f where 5 n a and ^4 w a are given by the following relations:


Smart City is the term composed for a city that aggressively balances itself through ICT based urban solutions and solving multiple problems faced by the ever complex urban lifestyle. Big data analytics is one of the best innovation to process extracted data from this Internet of Things
 (IoT) Ecosystem of the smart city. In this ecosystem, the communication and engagement with the city residents are very important. The smart dashboard is a hyper connected platform to effectively project the smart city dimension's performance to stakeholder and residents. Thus creating
 an instant engagement with the citizens. Although most of the smart cities has been computing all the data gathered in the city using the most sophisticated data analytics tools, it has not effectively interfaced it to the benefit of city residents. A Smart Dashboard is seen as an enabler
 to the smart city dimensions but many of the current smart dashboards are still elusive and faces many challenges. There will be discussions about the importance of smart dashboard, a list of key indicators and the challenges to implementing this dashboard.


Phyxioschema raddei Simon, 1889 is revised. A re-examination of type specimens confirms the synonymy of P. raddei and Ischnothele strandi Spassky, 1937, but the synonymy of Afghanothele lindbergi Roewer, 1960 and A. striatipes Roewer, 1960 cannot be confirmed due to the immature state of their types. The copulatory organs of the female holotype and other females from different localities are illustrated for the first time. Variation in morphological characters is shown. New records are given for Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. Phyxioschema females from Pakistan cannot be attributed to any nominal species and are left unnamed. A new species, P. roxana, is described from male and female specimens collected at eight localities in southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan. Relationships between Central Asian and Southeast Asian species are discussed. A summary of relevant morphological characters of all Phyxioschema species is given.


In a random sample comprising 101 test persons (35 without and 66 with gastric disorders) nitrate and nitrite concentrations in gastric juice were determined. It was shown that parameters like pH, physiological stage of gastric mucosa, concentrations of bacteria and fungi in gastric juice or nitrate and nitrite concentrations, fungi and bacteria in saliva do not sufficiently characterize the dynamics of nitrate and nitrite in human stomach.


In 1890, Anton Chekhov traveled all the way across Siberia, spending five months in transit and three more in residence, to visit the penal colony on Sakhalin Island. The trip was enormously eccentric—it was dangerous, arduous, ill-advised for someone of Chekhov's delicate constitution and uncharacteristically adventuresome for someone so sedentary. Its eccentricity is heightened by the battery of cavalier explanations advanced by the writer, who justified his trip first as an attempt to erase a portion of his life, then as an effort to produce the only halfyear worth remembering, now as a mere change of pace, then as a pressing need to flee a romantic entanglement, at times as a scientific enterprise, at other times as a symptom of "Sakhalin mania."


Posters for cinematic festivals are an effective visual artistic way to address recipients (the audience), with their functional, aesthetic and expressive dimensions that contribute to spreading a variety of cultural awareness, especially those posters that specialize in their media and advertising performance, promotional and organizational, and cultural activities specified at certain time. Based on the foregoing, the researchers found that her research problem is summarized by the following question: What are the design structure variables in the designs of the film festival posters? The research consisted of four chapters as follows: The first chapter includes the research problem and the goal of the research, which is studying the variables of the design structure in the international film festival posters. As for its importance (theoretical importance / practical importance), the research limits (objective / spatial / temporal) and also include the most important terms. The second chapter includes the theoretical framework that the researcher divide into two topics, the first topic includes (the structure in the poster). As for the second topic (the variables in the poster structure) as well as previous studies and the most important indicators reached by the researcher, the third chapter includes research procedures that includes determining the method followed in analyzing samples for their scientific relevance in diagnosing the researched phenomenon, and the research community and the adult (6), and selecting a sample The research number (3) models after repeated exclusion from them, then the research tool, honesty and consistency. As for the fourth chapter, it includes the results of the research, conclusions, recommendations, and proposals, and the most important findings of the researcher were as follows: 1. The employment of the idea resulted in a fundamental variable in the structure of the poster, as the ideas differ according to the subject presented, in addition to the different idea from one designer to another. This is due to its frame of reference, which has a major impact in building the innovative idea that contributes to the presentation of the content. 2. Modern technologies have achieved the emergence of effective results in the design structure as an output variable that enhances the effectiveness of communication channels, and that this action has influential characteristics that have the ability to attract attention and direct impact on the recipient through the various technical treatments that the designer performs in constructing the poster and activating the role of technology in the structural display of the poster design elements. Either conclusion includes: 1. Structure variables are mainly related to the content of the design idea with the suitability of use, which is based on variable technical stylistic data.


There are many methods to measure residual stresses. The methods are commonly grouped as nondestructive, semi-destructive and destructive or diffraction based, strain relaxation based and other methods. However, they all have the same common point: being indirect. There is no direct method available to measure stresses: they are calculated or derived from a measured quantity such as elastic strain or displacement. STRESSTECH BULLETIN 12


Importance Under the federal laws introduced in 2014 by the Russian Federation Presidential Decree, personal and corporate property tax shall be charged as a percentage of the cadastral value of the property. The position of certain businesses further aggravated, as when comparing the carrying value of assets with the cadastral (market) value, there is an understanding that the tax base may increase tenfold for some taxpayers. Objectives The aim is to consider tax rate differentiation, as it can regulate the volume of tax liabilities and influence the investment attractiveness of the region. Methods Forecasting the tax revenues can be reduced to modeling the dynamics of the tax base against different economic parameters. In other words, the amount of fiscal charges is a basis for tax rate differentiation, taking into account the factors influencing the change in property tax assessment as a percentage of the cadastral value of the property. Results The preliminary analysis shows that the cadastral value array is not homogeneous for different real property items. Executive authorities should be selective in determining the list of taxable items on which property tax should be levied as a percentage of the cadastral value. Conclusions In some instances, the transfer to property tax assessment as a percentage of the cadastral value is beneficial for taxpayers, as today the cadastral value does not reflect the objective market situation at the date of appraisal, leading to underestimated tax base for property tax calculation.


Research which was about finding NC tools economy cutting parameter was made through metal cutting experiment.The experiment was process at NC mill XK714G,which was analyzed the effect on the part dimension precision by changing the cutting speed,cutting deepness and principal axis speed.


In Lan Ding Yao' s society, people usually experience lots of ceremonies such as birth, Weng Hua, Yao Dou and Baptism at different ages during their growth process so as to show their blessing. All these ceremonies and their tributes show , in Ian Ding Yao people' s outlook, that Weng Hua is the symbl of life, . and Yao dou is the most important nourishment for life. Women play more important role than men in life.


Herein, a method for building recognition is presented in forward looking infrared (FLIR) images with clutter background, which is composed of the several sub-procedures. In the first phase, a three-dimensional (3-D) target model is generated and the model features are predicted based on the sensor's perspective relative to the 3-D target model. The second phase of the process, multi-scale structuring elements are generated pertaining to the 3-D target model and flight trajectory. Structuring elements for infrared image is selected by a look-up-table approach based on the parameters of sensor's view, and the use of morphology-based filters can respond to the size and shape of target to suppress the clutter background. In the following process, iterative segmentation for the result image of background suppression is used to obtain regions of interest (ROIs), and features extraction of ROIs and matching retain the ROIs that are closest to predicted features. Lastly, the target is identified by fusing the line features and multi-frame integration. Experiment results show the proposed algorithm can precisely recognize the target from FLIR images with a complicated background.


Objective To explore the image changes before and after treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation with warmed needle therapy. Methods 41 inpatients took CT examination before and after receiving treatment of warmed needle therapy, and the results were observed and analyzed comparatively. Results After warmed needle treatment, 16 (39%) out of the 41 patients were improved significantly, 22 (54%) were improved, and 3 cases (7%) had no change. Analysis of the relation between the course of disease and CT change showed that the change was more apparent if the course of disease was within 1 month; while the change in patients with over 1 year's course was less obvious, and statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference ( P 0.05 ). Conclusion The effectiveness of warmed needle acupuncture on lumbar intervertebral disc herniation was obtained by changing the structure of prolapsed intervertebral disc; the changes in CT images were related to the length of disease course, and the materials of needles used in the warmed needle therapy were also involved to a certain degree.


564 Background: We planned a phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of irinotecan, S-1, and bevacizumab (IRIS/Bev) as second-line therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The result of this study was reported an active and generally well-tolerated 2nd-line treatment for mCRC (Takii et al. ASCO-GI 2013 #496). We analyzed subset of EGFR, K-ras, UGT1A1, and previous Bev. Methods: The study design was multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase II study. Eligible patients had to have mCRC with confirmed diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, history of oxaliplatin containing regimen as first-line therapy, an age from 20 to 80 years, ECOG performance status (PS) of 0-1. S-1 65 mg/m2 daily p.o. was given on days 1-14 and Irinotecan 75mg/m2and bevacizumab 10mg/kg i.v. were given on days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. We retrospectively examined progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (OR), overall survival (OS), time to treatment failure (TTF) and safety by K-ras, EGFR, UGT1A1, ...


Big data challenges current information technologies (IT landscape) while promising a more competitive and efficient contributions to business organizations. What big data can contribute to is what organizations have been wanted for a long time ago. This paper presents the nature of big data and how organizations can advance their systems with big data technologies. By improving the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations, people can benefit the can take advantages of a more convenient life contributed by Information Technology.


When Jean François Champollion visited Egypt in 1828, after having spent many years in France cracking the ancient Egyptian alphabet, he could read hieroglyphic messages portraying a splendid long-lost civilization, a feat which no other person had accomplished for millennia. Although the central dogma of molecular biology provides a universal principle to decode genomes, important aspects of the syntax of complex genomes remain fraught with mystery, like Egyptian hieroglyphs before Champollion. One of these is the generation of multiple mRNAs through alternative splicing of mRNA precursors. This process is intimately linked to the counterintuitive organization of eukaryotic genes in coding modules (exons), separated by longer stretches of sequence (introns). Introns must be eliminated from primary transcripts to generate translatable mRNA species. The distinction between exonic and intronic sequences is sufficiently flexible to allow the generation of mRNA variants harboring different combinations of exonic sequences, sometimes adding up to thousands of potential mRNAs generated from a single primary transcript (reviewed by Blencowe, 2006). Future molecular biologists might look back in disbelief to a time when it was not possible to directly interpret genomic sequences to predict whether transcriptional activation of a gene in a particular cell will generate one type of mRNA or another, frequently with significant—sometimes dramatic—consequences for the functional output of the gene. Ben Blencowe and Brent Graveley have gathered timely contributions from many experts in this area to produce the first comprehensive book on alternative splicing, capturing both the current excitement and the challenges within this field: the prevalence and biological relevance of the process, its molecular mechanisms of regulation, and the impact on disease. Intron removal requires one of the most complex molecular machineries in the cell, the spliceosome, comprising five small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) and more than 300 proteins harboring various domains and enzymatic activities. Three chapters contributed by Moore, Fu, Chabot, and their colleagues provide a parts list as well as an overview of the properties and dynamics of this complex and of two families of factors (SR and hnRNP proteins) that modulate its assembly. The overarching concept is that an intricate network of RNA-protein, protein-protein, pre-mRNA/snRNA, and snRNA/snRNA interactions directs and proofreads spliceosome assembly and ultimately provides a scaffold that brings together the chemical moieties that participate in the two catalytic steps of the splicing reaction. Regulation of splice site selection can occur at early


The purpose of this research study was to determine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing on college students' self-perception of life stressors. A pre-test/post-test design was used in this study. Participants rated their stress on a Liekert-like scale before and after a fiveminute diaphragmatic breathing intervention. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Participants were asked to evaluate their stress in the following categories: physical, psychological, socio-cultural, spiritual, and overall stress categories. The findings of this study suggested that diaphragmatic breathing for five minutes is effective in reducing perceived stress with a p-value of p < 0.00 for each category. Implications of this study include students' reducing their acute stress by using five minutes of diaphragmatic breathing. Running head: STRESS 4


In today′ s rapid development of urbanization,leisure agriculture industry which combined agriculture and tourism has become a concern.The development of the Lancang River was in full swing,so that the paper tries to use SWOT analysis to explore the advantages,weaknesses,opportunities and challenges of leisure agriculture development at Lancang River Basin.At last,appropriate countermeasures are proposed.


In health system reform,the balance between medical humanitarianism and utilitarianism should be dealt with.The traditional medical humanitarianism can not match with the medical practice under the market economy.Redefining humanitarianism and exploring humanitarian-utilitarianism,suggest the trend of integrating both concepts and practices.


We read with interest the study "Pattern of Intermediate Uveitis in an Egyptian Cohort" by Abd El Latif et al. reporting systemic associations of intermediate uveitis in a large cohort of Egyptian subjects. In particular, we noted that multiple sclerosis was prevalent, occurring in 71 patients (9.09%), ofwhom56 had a known diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and 15 were diagnosed after presentation with uveitis. In this study, we would be interested to know the proportion of subjects with multiple sclerosis who presented under the age of 18. Previous literature reports a wide range of rates in different populations and has identified the mean age of presentation in multiple sclerosis-associated intermediate uveitis as approximately 40 years. This data is clinically significant for consideration of investigations and treatment optionswhenpatients first present with intermediate uveitis. In addition, we would like to draw the readers' attention to the fact that this study may underestimate the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in this population, which had a mean follow-up period of 40 months. We recognize that multiple sclerosis is more commonly diagnosed after the age of 25. Previous studies have demonstrated that the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis can range from 22 years prior to the onset of intermediate uveitis presentation and up to 29 years after, so we postulate whether a greater proportion of patients would be diagnosed with multiple sclerosis with a longer follow-up period. Abd El Latif et al. have contributed important data about this Egyptian cohort, which can be translated into clinical practice when considering underlying etiology in intermediate uveitis.


As a result of the reform and opening-up policy since the late 1970s,a call for an overall planning of English education from elementary through secondary to collegiate level has always been around and triggered divided opinions.This paper,in response to this call,proposes a model of "Speech Sound,Source Text,Sense of English and Specialized Reorientation" to highlight different teaching and learning foci in English education at the three levels mentioned above,taking into full account differences in regions,schools and individuals and paying due attention to stratified reorientations to cater to personal interest and meet social demands for English communication.


This interpretation of The Still beating heart claims that France Preseren deliberately used the apparatus of the Christian religion in order to point out – using the doomsday analogy – what should be the most acclaimed value at the absolute end of times, i.e. – the universe of poetry. The poem, a masterpiece in every respect, blends philosophical and poetical inspirations. The text is articulated in a romantic perspective, but the philosophy of the poem's romanticism is in turn a framework for conveying an extra-temporal message. We may assume that at the end of his creative period, France Preseren wrote this poem in order to reveal a broader sense of his endeavour: it was the message to be delivered to future generations. The Still beating heart can be resumed as follows: at the absolute end of times a group of idealized individuals commemorates the burial of the dead, the last in the genus of homo sapiens sapiens . The last who died must seek reconciliation with the cosmic entities by offering them their heart together with the poetic activity that was symbolically concealed within it. The wheel has come full circle and the author of The Still beating heart has opined that the poetry to which he has dedicated his life was the thing of supreme value of all that was comparable in human civilization.


Chromogenic members of the colon-group are not unknown. MacConkey 1 listed yellow colon-group liquefiers from horse feces, pond water, rain water, roof washings, oats, beans, malt and ears of corn, and he reported a yellow B. coli communis from rain water. Rogers, Clark, and Lubs 2 reported that but few grain cultures are without pigment, many being decidedly chromogenic. They stated that this property is correlated with other characters and consequently is of value in classification. In a collection of colon-bacteria from human feces they found chromogenesis almost entirely absent. All their fecal cultures gave a faint yellow color but this was so slight and showed so little variation that it was of no value in differentiation. They did state, however, that there were a few exceptions to this rule. Wood 3 reported that 7 of 20 colon-group strains isolated from grains, hay and dried eggs and milk produced yellow pigment. In his Pocomoke river series Perry 4 encountered 5 cultures of aërobic, non-sporulating bacteria producing gas from lactose which produced a distinct yellow pigment. He excluded these chromogenic strains from consideration as fecal coli. On January 14, 1936, a fecal specimen was received for study. Although the patient complained of certain general symptoms none referred to the gastro-intestinal tract and the analysis was under-taken as part of a routine rather than as an indicated procedure. A suitable saline suspension was at once prepared and adequately plated on citrated agar, blood agar, and Endo's agar. A small bit of the stool was placed in a large tube containing 30 cc. of lactose-indicator-broth. In this enriched medium typical acid- and gas-formation was observed in 24 hours. No colonies appeared on the citrated agar although it was heavily inoculated.


In this correspondence, an efficient pilot assignment scheme based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is proposed to mitigate the severe pilot contamination effect caused by pilot reuse in cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We use the large-scale fading coefficients between the access points (APs) and the users to generate an adjacency matrix. Then, the suboptimal pilot assignment can be achieved by using ACO and adjacency matrix to prevent adjacent users from using the same pilot. Numerical results verify that, compared with conventional pilot assignment schemes, the proposed ACO based pilot assignment scheme can significantly increase the 95%-likely per-user spectral efficiency and reduce the channel estimation error.


Objective:To modify standard ilioinguinal approach according to its shortcoming. Methods:From August 1997 to January 2000, we treated 24 cases of acetabulum fractures through standard ilioinguinal approach. From February 2000 to November 2003, we treated 35 cases of acetabulum fractures through modified ilioinguinal approach. Approach exposure time and approach closure time of each patient was recorded, and each patient received post-operational X-ray radiograph. All results were taken statistical analysis. Results:Exposure time of standard and modified ilioinguinal approach group was 42.36±4.58 min and 29.64±3.19 min respectively; Closure time of standard and modified ilioinguinal approach group was 52.42±6.64 min and 35.86±4.27 min respectively. The number of fracture achieve anatomical reduction, imperfect reduction, unsatisfactory reduction of standard and modified ilioinguinal approach group was 13, 7, 4 , 29, 4 and 2 respectively. Statistical test showed difference significant. Conclusions:Compared with standard ilioinguinal approach, modified ilioinguinal approach has virture as follows: simple anatomy, low trauma, short operation time, sufficient exposure, excellent reduction and less complication.


Homomeric α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are a well‐established, pharmacologically distinct subtype. The more recently identified α9 subunit can also form functional homopentamers as well as α9α10 heteropentamers. Current fluorescent probes for α7 nicotinic ACh receptors are derived from α‐bungarotoxin (α‐BgTx). However, α‐BgTx also binds to α9* and α1* receptors which are coexpressed with α7 in multiple tissues. We used an analog of α‐conotoxin ArIB to develop a highly selective fluorescent probe for α7 receptors. This fluorescent α‐conotoxin, Cy3‐ArIB[V11L;V16A], blocked ACh‐evoked α7 currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes with an IC50 value of 2.0 nM. Observed rates of blockade were minute‐scale with recovery from blockade even slower. Unlike FITC‐conjugated α‐BgTx, Cy3‐ArIB[V11L;V16A] did not block α9α10 or α1β1δε receptors. In competition binding assays, Cy3‐ArIB[V11L;V16A] potently displaced [125I]‐α‐BgTx binding to mouse hippocampal membranes with a Ki value of 21 nM. Application of Cy3‐ArIB[V11L;V16A] resulted in specific punctate labeling of KXα7R1 cells but not KXα3β2R4, KXα3β4R2, or KXα4β2R2 cells. This labeling could be abolished by pre‐treatment with α‐cobratoxin. Thus, Cy3‐ArIB[V11L;V16A] is a novel and selective fluorescent probe for α7 receptors.


Introduction: The rapidly expanding population of older adults is highly susceptible to coronary artery disease, and also to revascularization-related bleeding complications. Although drug eluting ...


A suction head of a vacuum cleaner with a power brush to dislodge and remove debris from an object to be cleaned is provided. The suction head includes a head case connected to a cleaner body via a connecting tube and having a suction hold on a lower surface thereof, a power brush positioned in the head externally protruding from the head case through the suction hole allowing contact with an object to be cleaned, a supporting unit fixed in the head case for supporting the power brush to allow rotary and linear movements thereof, a rotary operating unit positioned between the supporting unit and the power brush for rotating the power brush, and a linear operating unit installed between the supporting unit and power brush for moving the power brushing linearly. With such structure, the size of the suction head is reduced and cleaning performance is improved.


The bibliography on the Spanish Civil War is almost unattainable, but the matter continues to elicit such interest that it remains open to new historiographic trends. For example, the 'classic' military history of the conflict, cultivated prominently in recent years by Gabriel Cardona, Jorge Martínez Reverte and Anthony Beevor, does not renounce the microhistory or cultural perspective. These constitute the theoretical framework of the New Military History and its corollary the New Combat History, which combine philological, anthropological, psychological and historiographical perspectives to various degrees. In the specific field of the war experiences pioneered by George L. Mosse, the concepts of brutalisation, barbarisation and demodernisation of military operations, coined by Omer Bartov to describe the particularities of the Eastern campaign during the Second World War, are being used by Spanish historians dedicated to the study of the violence and atrocities of the civil war and post-war. Focusing on the field of political history, government management or diplomacy has been studied almost exhaustively, but this is not the case for the principal phenomenon of political violence in the 1930s in Europe, namely paramilitarisation. It is surprising that the latest studies on the issue at the European level (Robert Gerwarth, John Horne, Chris Millington and Kevin Passmore) do not include any essays on the enormous incidence of paramilitary violence in Spain before, during and after the civil war.


We have used a three-level masking technique to achieve high aspect ratio photonic crystal holes in InP-based materials. The masking consists of a ZEP/Cr/SiOx stack where the ZEP layer is used to open the Cr which on its turn is a good mask for opening the 500nm thick SiOx layer. Subsequently InP is etched in an ICP process using Cl2:O2 at a pressure of 1.4 mTorr. High aspect ratio could be achieved in holes ranging from 160 up to 330 nm in diameter with a maximum of 18 obtained with the narrowest holes having a diameter of 210 and 160 nm.


To meet the requirements of modern production, where short time to market, production driven by customer requirements and low cost small quantity production are important issues, we have been developing an agent-based software infrastructure for agile industrial production. This production is done on special devices called equip lets. A grid of these equip lets connected by a fast network is capable of producing a variety of different products in parallel. The multi-agent-based software infrastructure is responsible for the agile manufacturing. An important aspect of this software is the scheduling of the production. This paper describes a multi-agent-based solution for this problem. In our production system requests for products arrive at random times and every product must be completed before its deadline.


Recently the research on the system using images taken from camera phones as input is actively conducted. This paper proposed a system that shows wine pictures which are similar to the input wine label in order. For the calculation of the similarity of images, the representative color of each cell of the image, the recognized text color, background color and distribution of feature points are used as the features. In order to calculate the difference of the colors, RGB is converted into CIE-Lab and the feature points are extracted by using Harris Corner Detection Algorithm. The weights of representative color of each cell of image, text color and background color are applied. The image similarity is calculated by normalizing the difference of color similarity and distribution of feature points. After calculating the similarity between the input image and the images in the database, the images in Database are shown in the descent order of the similarity so that the effort of users to search for similar wine labels again from the searched result is reduced.


Abstract : Code assignment is necessary for the proper functioning of an ad-hoc CDMA network. Due to the irregular topology of ad-hoc networks, an optimal and distributed solution for the code-assignment problem is NP-Complete. This thesis presents a distributed greedy algorithm for assigning codes in a dynamic, multihop wireless CDMA radio network. The same algorithm can be used to assign channels in a multichannel CSMA/CA network. The algorithm does not require any form of synchronization and is completely distributed. It can be used for both the transmitter oriented and receiver oriented code assignment. The algorithm is proven to be correct and its complexity is analyzed. The algorithm has been implemented to assign channels in a multi-channel CSMA/CA network. The results from the implementation are presented here and it is shown that the algorithm is scalable and works correctly in mobile environments.


In 2016 and 2017 in research area has been flooded due to overflow of the
Dengkeng River. The flood caused infrastructure damage on several subdistricts.
This study with the aim to (1) determining ang analyzing the
pattern of rain re-distribution from each sub of sub-watershed in the
Dengkeng Sub-watershed, (2) analyzing the amount of peak discharge of
river flow in Dengkeng Sub-watershed. The research method is a
secondary data analysis method. The analysisof research data using
hydrological analysis to determine rain distribution patterns, and peak
discharge analysis using rational methods. To calculate runoff flow
coefficients using the Cook's method. (1)The results of this study are the
pattern of rainfall distribution can be shown through the pattern of rainfall
intensity. The largest rainfall intensity for the 2, 5, and 10 year return
periods is in the sub of Sukoharjo sub-watershed, due to the high
maximum rainfall indicated by the data at Sukoharjo Station. (2)The peak
discharge is affected by the flow coefficient is in sub of Gantiwarno and
Cawas sub-watershed. The peak discharge that is influenced by the
maximum rainfall intensity is in sub of Karangdowo and Sukoharjo subwatershed.
The peak discharge is influenced by the area of the watershed
sub-sub-districts in Karanganom and Wedi sub-watershed.


Stase Paluskas McPherron in her review ofLithuanian Folk Tales (JAF,LXXII [1959], 263-264) made several erroneous statements. First, the name of my acquaintance who published several Lithuanian tales in Southern Folklore Quarterly is Joseph Russell Reaver and not "Weaver" as the reviewer wants to correct me. Secondly, the book The Evening Song compiled and translated by V. F. Beliajus, contains merely thirteen traditional, i. e., folkloristic items, while the rest, including the very first item in the book, are indiv idual creations by Vincas Kr6ev and other authors. It is about time for folklore students to make the distinction between pure folklore traditions and literary stories of all kinds. Thirdly, items quoted by Archer Taylor in his article "Tarbaby Once More" (1944) are merely abstracts or better to say the end episodes of five Lithuanian tales which I supplied to the author in English translation and for which I received proper acknowledgment in the article. Those items are interesting to folklorists but not to the general reader. The same is true of"A Lithuanian Formula Tale," published by Archer Taylor in JAF, 1946, p. 194, where he states: "It was sent to me several years ago by Professor Balys as an example of an unreported variety of cumulative story." Finally, the book compiled by S. Zobarskas was intended for the general reader. The selection was entirely made by the compiler. I received galley proofs and changes were no longer possible. My notes were added with the idea that somebody might use the book for research, because it is really the first book of Lithuanian folktales in English. Second enlarged edition (240 pages) already appeared in 1959. J. BALYS Washington, D. C.


We introduce the notion of a Schwartz distribution on graded man ifolds considering also the case in which the underlying manifold is not orientable. Introduction We face the problem of defining Schwartzian distributions on a particular cat egory of supermanifolds, the so-called graded manifolds. We will show that this is possible in a rather natural way, and furthermore in strict analogy to ordinary manifolds. In doing so we consider the theory of graded manifolds as developed by Berezin-Leites-Kostant [12] in the framework of sheaf theory. This approach has been chosen because of its mathematical consistency and clarity. This paper is organized as follows: we give first a sketch of how we are led to consider the category of Super manifolds and we recall some basic results about the Berezin integral; secondly we construct the sheaf of distributions and we show that it is a sheaf of locally convex topological vector spaces; at this point we characterize this sheaf giving an intrinsic definition, and finally, following similar lines, we extend this characterization to the nonorientable case. 1. Supergeometry The necessity of considering anticommutative "quantities" is not new in math ematical history. Let us mention the work of Hermann Grassmann "Die Wissenschaften der extensive Grofie oder die Ausdehungslehre, eine neue matematische Disziplin" . In this book anticommutative "quantities" naturally arise and as stated by the author they allow us to clarify some geometrical concepts and to rewrite in a simpler way the equations of mechanics. More or less one hundred years later the study of geometries with anticommuting variables started in connection, principally, with the formulation of quantum field theories in theoretical physics. Let us briefly describe how this came about. In the physical description of the world two kinds of particles are distinguished: bosons and fermions. They obey two different statistics. To any particle is attached a mathematical object called a field. At the classical (nonquantum) level fermion fields can be represented by sections of a spinor bundle and boson fields as sections of a tensor bundle. A theory is realized by a Lagrangian density involving both kinds of particles in general. It was discovered that some lagrangians have the property of being invariant under special types of transformations. These mix the two kinds of particles and nowadays they are known as supersymmetric transformations. On 1991 AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 58C50, 46F05, 46F10.


One of the requirements of our time is a high-quality public transport service for passengers. Reliability and regularity of traffic, duration and comfort of the trip, traffic safety, availability of equipped and convenient stops - all this and many other factors affect the quality of passenger service. The peculiarities of the organization of passenger transportation, as well as the performance of city routes, affect the psychophysiological state of a person and, as a result, the functional state and the degree of passenger fatigue, which leads to a decrease in his income.
The study identified and analyzed the performance indicators of competing routes, which duplicate each other: bus route №276e and trolleybus route № 46. Based on the analysis of studies in the field of the quality of the provision of services by passenger transport, a survey form was formed on the quality of transportation on the routes of urban passenger transport. The assessment of the degree of consistency of experts' opinions using the Kendall coefficient of concordance indicates the consistency of expert opinions. Most of the criteria that were determined by passengers (interval of movement, the degree of filling and the service life of the vehicles) are indicators of the operation of the route, affect the passenger's transport fatigue and a decrease in the passenger's income.
The change in the level of transport fatigue of the passenger during the waiting periods and at the end of the route trip in general along the directions of movement and on the individual hauls of the routs are determined. When assessing the quality of transport service on routes, the obtained values of transport fatigue indicate that when using routes, the condition of passengers is assessed as "good". But, if we consider the state of the passenger while using the individual hauls of the routes, his transport fatigue changes significantly and is assessed as "satisfactory". The value of a decrease in passenger income on routes increases throughout the trip, due to the dense filling of the vehicle interior, which negatively affects the functional state of the passenger.
Under the existing conditions of passenger transportation on routes, the value of passenger fatigue and the value of passenger income reduction on bus route No. 276e exceeds the value of this indicator on the trolleybus route. To improve the organization of the bus route No. 276е, it is proposed to update vehicles and use buses with a larger passenger capacity (III class instead of I and II, which are used on the bus route now). After the implemented proposed measures for the busiest direction: the occupancy rate of the bus cabin decreased from 1,05 to 0,36, transport fatigue decreased from 5,5 points to 3,03 points, respectively, the value of the decrease in income from 60,55 UAH to 51,53 UAH.
Updating vehicles on the Kharkiv bus routes are an urgent problem that requires an immediate solution to improve the quality of passenger transportation. The use of obsolete vehicles on city bus routes affects not only the passenger's fatigue, but also the drivers and, as a result, the likelihood of an road traffic accident.
A significant adverse factor affecting the driver is the air pollution of the vehicle interior with harmful compounds, especially carbon monoxide.


The invention relates to a device for mounting and dismounting of hydraulic cylinders, comprising a base-like machine frame having horizontally arranged guide means which support move movable a receptacle for the cylinder tube of the hydraulic cylinder, at least one receiving means for a support and a receptacle for a tool, and furthermore with a holder for fixing the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. According to the invention the holder for fixing the piston rod has a generator driven by a centering spindle Zentrierschlitten, which comprises a piston rod receptacle, wherein the holder about the longitudinal axis of the machine frame designed to be rotatable and the rotational movement is realized by means of a torque-controlled electric motor drive.


The recent fuel shortages have clearly demonstrated the need to be more concerned with the comparative energy efficiencies of various modes of transportation. A number of authors have considered the fuel consumed in the operation of various modes of transportation per passenger mile. In this note, a method is presented to calculate the fuel consumed in the manufacture of transportation vehicles. The contribution of manufacture to energy intensiveness may then be calculated by estimating the total number of miles traveled by each type of vehicle. This can be added to the fuel consumed in the operation of the respective vehicles to get the total energy intensiveness.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a switching system which enables a connection to any arbitrarily selected external service. SOLUTION: A switching unit 2 is connected to a service control system 6. Further, a control circuit 4 is provided with an additional procedure for entirely exchanging messages with signal system handler procedures on the sides of transmission and reception. Concerning a specified message, an additional procedure is provided for exchanging messages based on the service program of the service control system 6 and for sending the message to the signal system handler procedure on the transmission side and/or the reception side while depending on the message prepared by the service program.


Introduction: The aging process naturally leads to limitation of physical fitness, even in a situation of retaining one's selfreliance. Therefore, in the research which assesses the fitness of the elderly, advanced age is one of the most consistent factors which makes fit people different from the examined ones with impaired physical fitness. The application of a manual method Senior Fitness Test (SFT) allows for providing an assessment of the motor activity and physical fitness of


We study a situation in which a seller wishes to sell an object to one of N risk-neutral bidders. Before the auction takes place, the seller can provide information to bidders. Formally, bidders receive private random signals related to their valuations. The seller controls the accuracy of bidders' private signals, but he cannot observe their realizations. We characterize the auctioneer's optimal information release and the optimal mechanism in this setting. We show that the optimal selling strategy is to allow to bidders to learn their valuations with lower precision than would be efficient. We also show that in standard auctions the amount of information released by the auctioneer increases with the level of competition in the market (as measured by the number of bidders) and reaches the efficient level with perfect competition. Further, we prove that if we allow the auctioneer to introduce a reserve price, that reserve price will not be independent of the number of bidders: as the number of bidders increases the reserve price will become increasingly restrictive.


As a cognitive radio (CR) modulation technique, transform domain communication system (TDCS) has been proposed by utilizing white space spectrum for the network access and achieving low probability of interception (LPI). In the previously reported TDCS- based cognitive radio networks (CRN), however, the non-zero periodic correlation function between any pair of users results in multiuser interference (MUI). In this paper, a novel framework under the CR constraints is presented by employing a two- dimension spreading scheme (i.e., time and frequency domains). We first obtain a class of spreading sequences with almost perfect periodic correlation function for arbitrary spectrum utilization pattern. Then, an universal criteria is presented for synchronous MUI-free CRNs when employing TDCS. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed TDCS-based CRN architecture is a preferable candidate for distribution wireless networks, such as CR Ad-hoc wireless sensor networks.


ABSTRACT This article examines the way in which Irish American women teachers used education as a platform to extend the reach of their social and cultural capital, enabling them to subvert patriarchal and imperialist ideologies and, embracing subjectivity, assume key leadership roles in a range of associations fundamental to organised feminism. Drawing on a tapestry of primary sources, it interrogates how these gender transgressors successfully resisted the patriarchal ideology of nineteenth century American society, subverting essentialised notions of womanhood. Two women are examined over the course of this article, Margaret Haley (1861–1939), teacher and labour leader and Julia Harrington Duff (1859–1932), teacher and educationalist activist. Focussing on the ways in which Irish American women teachers enhanced their social mobility in and through education allows for a re-reading of the historiography of diaspora, establishing the educational and historical record within diasporic spaces as deeply gendered as well as women's role therein inherently agentic.


A study of six companies, chosen because of their success in implementing quality, was carried out in order to continue the theme of the quality movement: learning from others. Considers the processes each company went through, looking at the difficulties encountered and the subsequent solutions. Identifies four key factors which contribute to success: forthright, listening leadership; provoking, but not imposing change; integrating quality into the business and learning by doing. Concludes with key points for success in quality.


Detection of chitin-degrading bacteria from natural sources such as rhizosphere soil is useful for the isolation of bacteria that produce antifungal or other novel compounds. A high correlation between chitinolysis and production of bioactive compounds has been reported (Chen et al., 1991; Pisano et al., 1992; Hoster et al., 2005). Microorganisms, which secret a complex of mycolytic enzymes, are considered to be used as bio- logical control agents of plant diseases (Helisto et al., 2001; Chang et al., 2003; Hoster et al., 2005). Chitin hydrolysis is performed by a major pathway composed of three separate enzymes to break down polymeric chitin to chitin oligosaccharides, diacetylchitobiose and N- actylglucosamine, separately or synergistically and consecutively in the degradation of chitin to free N-actylglucosamine. Endochitinase (E.C. 22.214.171.124) is a poly (1,4-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide))-glycanohydrolases,  which produce multimers of β-N-acetylglucosamine by random hydrolysis of β-1-4-linkages in chitin and chitodextrins  while Exochitinase (E.C. 220.127.116.11) β-1,4-N-acetylhexosaminidase, is catalyzing the sequential release of soluble dimers starting at the non-reducing end of the polymer. Chitobiases (E.C. 126.96.36.199) or β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, helps the hydrolysis of chitobiose into monomers of N-actylglucosamine (Souza et al., 2003). It is though that chitin hydrolysis occurs either by a sequential or synergetic action of endochitinase, exochitinase, and chitobiases (Tanaka et al., 2003). While exoand endo-chitinases are able to depolymerize chitin alone. The presence of both activities significantly increases the efficiency of chitinolytic system (Howard et al., 2003). Recently, the cloning and expression of the chitinase gene and its introduction into the biologically susceptible species or the construction of recombinant strains with new capacities have been recommended to be one of the interesting areas of chitinase studies and applications. Chitinase genes have been cloned and characterized from many microorganisms (Ueda et al., 2003; Hobel et al., 2005; Yano et al., 2005; Yong et al., 2006). Some of which were either transformed into plants and/or bacterial strains to increase their ability to control phytopathogens (Koby et al., 1994; Punja, 2001) or were high level of expression in Escherichia coli cells to enhance the activity of Bacillus thuringiensis to control pests (Regev et al., 1996; Sampson and Gooday, 1998). Chitinase has received increased attention because of their potential application in the biological control of plants-pathogenic fungi and pests, as well as in the bioconversion of shellfish chitin wastes (Chang et al., 2003; Hoster et al., 2005). In our previous study, local isolate of Bacillus licheniformis MS1 isolated from agricultural fields, Giza, Egypt, was found to be one of the most producing a large amount of chitinase enzyme (Kamil et al., 2007). For this reason this isolate was selected in the present study for cloning, sequencing and molecular analysis of its chitinase gene (chiA).


Objective: the objective of this study is to predict the quality of life according to thought control strategies in wives of addicted husbands (opium and heroin) referring to detoxification centers in Shiraz, Iran. Methodology: a descriptive and correlational study was performed. Applying random clustering sampling method, the study consisted of 375 out of 15000 wives of addicted husbands (opium and heroin) referring to detoxification centers in Shiraz. Wells and Davis (1994) Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ) and Quality of Life Questionnaire (SF-36) were administered to collect data. Findings:  the results showed that thought control strategies and their three dimensions (distraction, worry, and self-punishment) are found to have a reverse association with the quality of life. Reassessment dimension is found to have a positive and significant relationship with the quality of life. The quality of life, however, is not found to have a significant relationship with social control. Results: Wives of addicted husbands (opium and heroin) referring to detoxification centers in Shiraz who suffered from lower quality of life used distraction, worry, and self-punishment thought control strategies more than others and vice versa. We also concluded that wives who had higher quality of life used reassessment strategy more than another group.


For manoeuvring targets, long coherent processing interval observation results in a serious time-varying Doppler modulation that is difficult to achieve high quality three-dimensional (3D) interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar (InISAR) images. In this study, a novel 3D InISAR imaging algorithm with limited pulses for manoeuvring targets is proposed. First, the authors formulate a joint sparsity-constraint optimisation to reconstruct super-resolution multi-channel inverse synthetic aperture radar images simultaneously. Then, high quality 3D images of the target can be achieved via the conventional interferometry technique. The main advantages of the proposed approach are: (i) by exploiting joint sparsity property of the InISAR multi-channel signals, it can effectively improve the recovery precision of scattering centres of the target; and (ii) it can preserve the cross-channel information, and hence, accurate interferometric phase can be obtained. Both simulated and real data experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


In coal mining,a large number of gas emission during coal dropping always results in gas overflow at working face. As for gas overflow at working face,this study applies depressurization desorption method to conduct gas desorption comparative experiments under the circumstance that there is no extracellular fluid invasion and the penetrant solution( namely pure water) has 0. 0% mass fraction and under the circumstance that JFC penetrant solution with mass fraction of 0. 025% is injected,further obtaining gas desorption experimental data and curves. The results showed that: with or without extracellular fluid invasion,the larger the pressure of the gas containing coal gas is,the more the gas is desorbed;compared with the case of no extracellular fluid invasion,gas desorption volume of the coal sample which is invaded by extracellular fluid is reduced to some extent at different pressure points,especially reduced more when the coal is sprayed JFC penetrant solution with mass fraction of 0. 025%. The experiments demonstrated the penetrant could realize the water lock effect against the coal gas desorption within a short time. According to the actual situation,the method of drainage and water lock or the method of injecting fluid into the coal for formation of water lock can be used to suppress the gas release volume and speed,further solving the gas overflow problem at the working face.


Existing networks are becoming increasingly congested as a growing number of users seek access to the vast amount of information available on the Internet. At the same time, emerging multimedia applications, such as video conferencing, interactive television, and video-on-demand are expected to further test the limits of current network infrastructures. There is an immediate need for the development of new, evolutionary high-capacity networks which are capable of supporting these growing bandwidth requirements. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a promising solution for satisfying this bandwidth bottleneck. As WDM deployment becomes widespread, new network architectures and protocols which take advantage of WDM's capabilities will need to be developed. This disserta-tion investigates network architectures and protocols for WDM networks, with the goals of measuring the performance of existing approaches and of developing new architectures and protocols which provide improved performance as well as support for services such as multicasting. First, Rainbow, a circuit-switched WDM network prototype, is modeled and analyzed using a technique called equilibrium point analysis (EPA). The results show the existence of an optimal timeout duration for the protocol, and the analysis can be used to nd this optimal point for a given set of system parameters. Second, a new class of protocols, called multiconnguration multihop protocols, is developed and analyzed. This class of protocols is intended to provide a balance between the amount of time a transmitter or receiver spends tuning from one wavelength to another, and the number of intermediate nodes or hops traversed by a packet. The protocols provide a viable alternative to existing protocols which typically either require frequent tuning of transmitters and receivers, or require high average hop distances. Third, a number of algorithms for scheduling multicast transmissions in a way which optimizes the utilization of network resources is developed. By minimizing the amount of time a node spends waiting for a multicast message, the network may achieve higher throughputs. Finally, a new node architecture for wavelength-routed networks is presented. The architecture allows for low-cost scalability in a network while maintaining reasonable performance when compared to a wavelength-routing-switch node architecture.


I am writing this letter to you in order to bring light toward the special issue of poultry production in Pakistan. There are several diseases in poultry which causing stress in poultry production. Some are viral diseases which don't have treatment [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Only vaccination and biosecurity measures can prevent disease. There are some viral diseases which are effecting poultry badly, Newcastle Disease, Infectious Bronchitis, Marek's Disease, Infectious Chicken Anemia, and Infectious Bursal Disease. Some are bacterial diseases which can be treated through antibiotics [6, 7, 8, 9]. There are some bacterial diseases which are effecting poultry badly, Infectious Coryza, MG, Salmonella diseases are some major bacterial disease. There are some Protozoal diseases which are effecting poultry production and these can be treated through anti-protozoal drugs.


The invention provides an electronic card fixing mechanism comprising a fixing member and a sliding member used for accommodating an electronic card. The sliding member is slidably disposed on the fixing member. The electronic card fixing mechanism also comprises an elastic operation member and an elastic member elastically abutting against the sliding member. The operation member comprises a main body and an operation part connected with one end of the main body, and the other end of the main body is fixedly disposed on the fixing member. The main body comprises a bending part extended toward the fixing member, and the sliding member is provided with a groove. The main body can be used to lock the bending part and the groove or disengage the bending part from the groove by moving along with the operation part, and then the displacement of the sliding member with respect to the fixing member can be limited, or the limited displacement can be released, and then the elastic member can elastically act on the sliding member, and then the sliding member can be disposed in the fixing member in a clamped manner, or can be ejected from the fixing member. The invention also provides a mobile terminal provided with the electronic card fixing member.


Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive genetic disease that is characterised by airway mucus plugging and reduced mucus clearance. There are currently alternative hypotheses that attempt to describe the abnormally viscous and elastic mucus that is a hallmark of CF airways disease, including: 1) loss of CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR)-dependent airway surface volume (water) secretion, producing mucus hyperconcentration-dependent increased viscosity, and 2) impaired bicarbonate secretion by CFTR, producing acidification of airway surfaces and increased mucus viscosity. A series of experiments was conducted to determine the contributions of mucus concentration versus pH to the rheological properties of airway mucus across length scales from the nanoscopic to macroscopic. For length scales greater than the nanoscopic, i.e. those relevant to mucociliary clearance, the effect of mucus concentration dominated over the effect of airway acidification. Mucus hydration and chemical reduction of disulfide bonds that connect mucin monomers are more promising therapeutic approaches than alkalisation. Over length scales greater than the mesh size of the mucin polymeric network of mucus, concentration, and not pH, dominates the physical properties of mucus that are associated with cystic fibrosis airways disease http://ow.ly/K92u30m2RDC


In order to prepare novel anode material used in trivalent chromium plating,PbO2-CeO2-ZrO2 inert anode materials were prepared by composite electrodeposition method.By measuring Tafel curves,oxygen evolution polarization curves and cyclic voltammetry curves,combined with scanning electron microscope(SEM)and coating element content analysis,the properties of anode material,such as corrosion resistance,catalytic activity and surface morphology,were investigated under different current density conditions.It turned out that the current density has significant influences on the surface morphology and properties of the anode material.When the current density is 20mA/cm2,the surface of anode material is uniform,smooth,dense,of high corrosion resistance and best catalytic activity.


We discuss the relevance of the distribution of the base resistance of planar bipolar transistors with respect to noise-and small-signal characteristics. We present analytical results for admittance parameters in terms of elements of the small-signal equivalent circuit of the Mextram compact model and discuss extraction of base resistance distribution parameters from measured admittance parameters for selected cases.


Summary form only given. Dismal performance often results when the memory requirements of a process exceed the physical memory available to it. Moreover, significant throughput reduction is experienced when this process is part of a synchronous parallel job on a nondedicated computational cluster. A possible solution is to develop programs that can dynamically adapt their memory usage according to the current availability of physical memory. We explore this idea on scientific computations that perform repetitive data accesses. Part of the program's data set is cached in resident memory, while the remainder that cannot fit is accessed in an "out-of-core" fashion from disk. The replacement policy can be user defined. This allows for a graceful degradation of performance as memory becomes scarce. To dynamically adjust its memory usage, the program must reliably answer whether there is a memory shortage or surplus in the system. Because operating systems typically export limited memory information, we develop a parameter-free algorithm that uses no system information beyond the resident set size (RSS) of the program. Our resulting library can be called by scientific codes with little change to their structure or with no change at all, if computations are already "blocked" for reasons of locality. Experimental results with both sequential and parallel versions of a memory-adaptive conjugate-gradient linear system solver show substantial performance gains over the original version that relies on the virtual memory system. Furthermore, multiple instances of the adaptive code can coexist on the same node with little interference with one another.


Abstract Words are everywhere in the London Cries, a genre of popular art devoted to depictions of the so-called 'lower orders,' whose portraits are enlivened by poetry or prose recording their shouts, naming their trades, or identifying their iniquities.1 In likenesses of hawkers, Merry Andrews, beggars, strumpets, lunatics, mechanic preachers, and other habitues or laborers of the London streets, they appear inside these formal designs and out, above them and below, where they evoke the age-old link between work and song, which eases travail and dispels sorrow.2 They take the shape of titles, verses, words in cartouches, chants in banderoles, and big blocks of explanatory prose, all using words to rekindle, frame, or vie with pictures.3 Every Cries (spelled with a capital 'C' and italicized to distinguish such depictions of vendors from their yells) is a literary picture, not just because it tells a story, but because it marries word and image, elements that are hard to unite, especially in the West, where letter and picture do not always cornmunicate.4 But word and image do mingle in Cries, a hybrid organizing systematic encounters between different modes of discourse. Though rife with shifts, ruptures, and fissures, the Cries's blend of the verbal and visual is its characteristic feature. It illuminates the genre across its history, revealing its development, shaping its direction, and intensifying its appeal in a way not explained by its decorative charms, sometimes meager.


Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 is an important food-borne pathogen with a low infective threshold and high resistance to treatment. There are currently a number of detection methods available, however, the majority are time-consuming, complex and expensive, thus it is hard for these methods to be applied in routine detection. Therefore, there is urgent requirement to develop more sensitive, rapid and specific detective techniques. In the present study, an immuno-biosensor based on the interference of load to the F0F1-ATPase rotation, indicated by the fluorescence fluctuation, was constructed to detect O157:H7. The results demonstrated a good linear relationship (R2=0.9818) between antigen concentration (range, 102 cfu to 104 cfu) and the fluorescence intensity. The detection signals of the samples containing 102 cfu/well and 104 cfu/well E. coli O157:H7 were significantly stronger than the signal produced by the control sample (P<0.01). Due to its higher sensibility and simplicity when compared with the current methods applied, the results of the present study indicate a promising future for the application of this technique in detecting food source pathogens.


The chemotherapeutic response of a series of patients with bronchial carcinoma has been compared with the response of their xenografts established in immune-suppressed CBA/lac mice. Xenograft response was assessed by the in situ endpoint of growth delay in subcutaneous tumours. Histology and chromosome analysis indicated that human characteristics were retained in the xenografts. 49 xenograft lines were attempted: 15/18 oat cell, 11/17 squamous, 6/8 large cell anaplastic and 6/6 adenocarcinomas were successfully established. 14 Lines (28%) were available (August 1979) for direct comparison of xenograft and donor patient response to the same chemotherapeutic agents. A positive correlation was found and provides support for the chemotherapeutic validity of xenografts.


The polycondensation of 2-pyrazolines is presented. The products are oligomers with the five-membered rings of the 2-pyrazoline as the backbone and the reaction is a polycondensation reaction by decomposition of ROH from the hydrogen atom in the −NH– group and the −OR in the ester group. Metal catalysts, reaction periods, and the addition amounts of the catalyst are investigated to optimize the reaction conditions. The products are down-/up-conversion fluorescence molecules that can significantly enhance cell imaging through the synchronized excitation of visible and near-infrared light and may be widely used in other optical fields.


Releasing the result size of conjunctive queries and graph pattern queries under differential privacy (DP) has received considerable attention in the literature, but existing solutions do not offer any optimality guarantees. We provide the first DP mechanism for this problem with a fairly strong notion of optimality, which can be considered as a natural relaxation of instance-optimality to a constant.


The results of a listening test conducted to evaluate the perceived similarity of the five metric patterns used in flamenco music are presented. The objective of this experiment includes testing out the validity of those measures from a perceptual point of view. Dissimilarity ratings were analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling and phylogenetic analysis, and the perceptual measures of similarity were then compared with mathematical measures of rhythmic similarity used in to determine which measure best matches human judgments. The graphical interface was programmed in Java on a MacPro computer, and sounds were presented over headphones. A dissimilarity matrix was created for each participant based on their ratings, and these values were averaged for every participant to symmetrize the matrix.