Cu is an important indicator of heavy metal residues in soil and food testing.Simulating artificial drought conditions,rice of booting stage was watered by CuSO4 solution to study the effect of Cu on the drought resistance of hybrid rice and its residues in soil and rice grain.The results showed that the application of 50 mg·L-1 CuSO4 solution at the booting stage was better than that of the CK,the production increased by 52.7%,grain panicle increased by 37.5% and grain weight increased by 8.3%.Applying the right amount of Cu,Cu residue is not significant between rice and soil.


Abstract : Networks of inexpensive, low-power sensing nodes that can monitor the environment, perform limited processing on the samples, and detect events of interest in a collaborative fashion are fast becoming a reality. Examples of such monitoring and detection include target tracking based on acoustic signatures and line -of-bearing estimation, climate control, intrusion detection, etc. The advances in low-power radio technology are making wireless communication within sensor networks an attractive option. However, it is typically difficult or impossible to replenish energy resources available to a portable sensor node, once it is deployed. Maximizing the life of sensor nodes is an overriding priority, and different energy optimization techniques are being developed to address computation/communication tradeoffs. A large number of research efforts are focusing on different aspects of the general problem of designing efficient sensor network-based systems - where the metrics to measure efficiency vary from system to system. With technological advancements such as silicon-based radios expected to become a reality in a few years, designers of sensor network-based systems will be faced with an extremely large set of design decisions. Each choice will affect the overall system performance in ways that might not always be cleanly modeled. In addition to the research challenges in design and optimization, the practical aspects of designing real-world sensor networks will become equally important. For example, the ability of the design framework to allow rapid specification and evaluation of a particular network configuration is critical for a more exhaustive exploration of the design space. A design environment for future sensor networks should provide tools and formal methodologies that will allow designers to model, analyze, optimize, and simulate such systems.


This study investigates the effect of the changes in the demographic structure of countries with different income levels on human capital. The world population is getting increasingly older. So, what are the consequences of population aging increasing further? To answer this question, the author constructed the econometric equation as a polynomial equation. The result of the study is that population aging is a highly important issue in terms of the economy due to its causes and effects. While population aging creates disadvantageous in underdeveloped or developing countries, it creates an advantage in terms of human capital stock in developed economies. The effect of the increase in population aging on human capital is U-shaped in low-income countries and inverted U-shaped in middle and high-income countries.


We present experimental results on the release of MEMS devices manufactured using the standard CMOS interconnection metal layers as structural elements and the insulating silicon dioxide as sacrificial layers. Experiments compare the release results of four different etching agents in a CMOS technology (hydrofluoric acid, ammonium fluoride, a mixture of acetic acid and ammonium fluoride, and hydrogen fluoride), describe various phenomena found during
the etching process, and show the release results of multilayer structures.


The propagation of an interracial solitary wave in a two-layer fluid system with fixed upper surface to shelf isdiscussed.The numerical results of the Boussincsq model show the fission of the solitary wave,the reflected wavesby the slope and their dependence on the shelf height and slope.It is shown that the amplitude of the first transmit-ted solitary wave fully developed is esscentially independent of the bottom slope.


Fifty four landrace piglets weaning at 35 days were used for 5 weeks to study the effects of three levels of tallow (0%, 3% and 6%) feeding between 10.05 ±0.40 and 24.22± 1.32 kg of live weight during five weeks. Increases in the tallow percentage caused linear fashion in feed/gain ratio described by the following equation: Y = 2.14-0.055X (R 2  = 0.74; P = 0.0467) where X is the tallow percentage and Y feed/gain ratio.


Sequence stratigraphy highlights stratal stacking patterns and changes thereof in a time framework. Each stratal stacking pattern defines a particular genetic type of deposit with unique sediment dispersal patterns within the basin, including 'forced regressive', 'lowstand normal regressive', 'transgressive', and 'highstand normal regressive'. These genetic units consist of tracts of age-equivalent depositional systems (i.e., systems tracts), and are bounded by key sequence stratigraphic surfaces. The optimal approach to the application of sequence stratigraphy relies on the integration of outcrop, core, well-log and seismic data. Each data set provides different insights toward the identification of stratal stacking patterns and key bounding surfaces, and mutual corroboration is important to reduce the error margin of interpretations. Not all data sets may be available in every case study, a factor which may limit the 'resolution' of the sequence stratigraphic interpretation. At the same time, not all types of data afford the recognition of all sequence stratigraphic surfaces, and not all sequence stratigraphic surfaces are present in every depositional setting. The area of transition between fluvial and shallow-water systems affords the formation of the entire array of sequence stratigraphic surfaces. In contrast, within fluvial and deep-water systems, conditions are favorable for the formation of fewer key bounding surfaces. The existence of several competing approaches has prevented the inclusion of sequence stratigraphy in stratigraphic codes or guides. The various approaches differ in terms of (1) nomenclature of systems tracts and sequence stratigraphic surfaces, and (2) selection of surfaces which should be elevated to the rank of 'sequence boundary'. Both these aspects do not make a difference to the successful application of the sequence stratigraphic method. A standardized workflow requires the identification of all genetic units and bounding surfaces that are present in a stratigraphic succession. Beyond this framework of surfaces and systems tracts, the selection of sequence boundaries may vary with the approach, available data sets, and depositional setting.


A low phase noise, small power dissipation and small sized K-band cascode differential voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with capacitive feedback topology using 0.18 μm CMOS technology is described. The VCO operated can be tuned between 19.1 GHz and 20.9 GHz and has low phase noise of −108.67 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz offset. The output power of the 20.7 GHz is about −21.12 dBm. The Figure of merit (FOM) is −186.2 dBc/Hz and the power-frequency tuning-normalized figure-of-merit (PFTN) is −8.89 dB. The power consumption of the VCO was 10.8 mW from a 1.8 V power supply with only 0.46 mm2 chip area.


In this paper, we analyze the importance of Kocen's atlases for the development of Croatian school cartography. Comparing German and Croatian editions in the period between 1887 and 1943, we follow the progress in map printing, cartographic techniques, language redactions of toponymy as well as the inclusion of thematic maps and the influence of political discourse (German centralism vs. Slavic nationalisms) on the geographical scope and content of maps used in the educational process.


This study examines the impact of industry-specific risk factors such as oil price, gas price, and exchange rate on stock returns of Malaysian oil and gas firms in a structural break environment by employing the break least square approach of Bai and Perron (1998, 2003). Existing studies fall short of providing such empirical evidence. The results document evidence of structural breaks in the relationship between industry risk factors and the stock returns of the oil and gas industry. Industry-specific risk factors are shown to significantly affect the stock returns of oil and gas industry sub-sectors alongside market-based risk factors. The results reveal that the beta values of oil price, gas price, and exchange rate vary across sub-periods hence confirming that exposure of oil and gas stocks to industry risk factors varies over time and across sub-periods. The effects of oil, gas, and exchange rate risk factors also differ across the sub-industry, with impacts and directions largely dependent on the core business activities of the oil and gas sub-industries. The empirical results offer implications for asset managers and investors.


Abstract Mining of zinc demands the upgrading of different residues of the refining process. A method, which had been used over a period of several years, was based on the so-called Dorschel process. From the chemical point of view, the Dorschel process is a high-temperature redox process, combined with a flash distillation (sublimation) step. This process is based on the reduction of zinc compounds with coke at elevated temperature. The metal is then evaporated, reoxidized, precipitated by filtration, and refined hydro-/electrochemically. Zinc, lead, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, germanium, and copper can be refined from solid feed material by this process. Modern waste management also needs such methods for the treatment of hazardous waste from different industrial processes, and the applicability of the Dorschel process in the upgrading of galvanic sludge, dust from steel furnaces, and scrap of portable batteries has been investigated. The feed material used for investigation has a mean zinc content of 15 t...


The article discusses the use of the multiple regression model in assessing the impact of risk factors on the economic performance of economic entities in the telecommunications industry on the example of the Energy Service project.


Sociolinguistics can help people better understand the use of English in specific social environments. Still, there have been limited studies on the crucial aspects of teaching and learning Sociolinguistics to gain optimum learning outcomes. This present research aims to analyse models of EFL Sociolinguistics materials based on project-based learning required by students and lecturers. A quantitative method was applied in this study, employing a questionnaire and structured interview to collect data from 57 students and three instructors of the English Education Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. The results revealed that students and lectures required teaching materials with clear objectives embodied in 11 topics, from Language Variations to Language and Ideology completed with evaluations after each topic, exercises for individuals or groups, and project-based learning, which can be employed in teaching EFL Sociolinguistics. Therefore, designing a model of teaching materials for EFL Sociolinguistics based on Project-based learning is necessary to load these findings. The findings of this study are useful for educators and stakeholders who want to design EFL Sociolinguistics teaching materials. This study has the potential to bridge the gap by providing knowledge about the needs of students and educators as well as recommendations for follow-up in designing EFL Sociolinguistics teaching materials.


Data on the open unemployment rate by level of education from the Central Bureau of Statistics shows that the number of unemployed among vocational school graduates is still very high, which means that investment in entrepreneurial mentality is still lacking. The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the level of achievement and suitability between the programs that have been planned and the implementation and results achieved in the implementation of the entrepreneurship education curriculum. This research is evaluative research using a Mix Method (combination) approach. Based on the analysis of research results on the context aspect, it shows that the school's vision, mission, and goals are by the National Education Goals, and adapted to the needs of students. The input aspect shows students, educators, and infrastructure included in the very good category. The process aspect shows that the preparation of the Learning Implementation Plan and Learning Implementation Process documents complies with applicable government regulations and runs very well. The product aspect shows the achievement of entrepreneurial values and students' entrepreneurial interest in the good category. All aspects studied on average reached the good category, this shows that the implementation of the entrepreneurship education curriculum at SMK PGRI 1 Mejobo Kudus has been adjusted to the planning, both in context, input, process, and product aspects. It is hoped that this research can provide information about the implementation of the entrepreneurship education curriculum so that schools can improve the quality of learning, provide facilities and infrastructure, and increase the professionalism of supporting resources. The school needs to carry out regular follow-up evaluations of the curriculum applied.


The urbanization process,and the relationships between urbanization level and economic conditions and industrial structure of Yan'an were analyzed.The results showed that the development of urbanization generally experienced four periods in the past 55 years which were rapid growth,fluctuation,stagnation and steadily rising period.The relations between urbanization level and logarithm of GDP per capita,the secondary industry and tertiary industry's added value displayed positive relativity.Economic development could lead to the growth of urbanization level and the higher level of urbanization could greatly promote economic growth.According to the urbanization process and conditions of economic development of Yan'an,speeding up the development of the secondary industry and tertiary industry can significantly boost the level of urbanization of Yan'an.


In order to develop the embryo transfer technique in Boer goat breeding and improve the reproductive ability of colony, two methods of the embryo collection of 64 Boer goats were studied. The results showed that the collection rate of embryo from oviduct was extremely different (P0.01) from that from uterine horn. The average number of the gained embryo and the transferable embryos of the former were significant difference(P0.05) from those of the later. The average number of the yellow bodies of two methods were not significant difference(P0.05). The number and the quality of embryo collected from oviduct were higher than those from the uterine horn. In embryo transfer, the pregnancy rate and the lambing rate of the receptors with the embryo from the uterine horn were extremely different (P0.01) from those from the oviduct. The results also showed that the estrous rate of the treated donor after operated were badly influenced by the collection method from oviduct. So the collection method of the uterine horn ought to be preferentially used in the embryo transfer of the goats.


Initial calculations of redesign of joint on solid rocket booster (SRB) that failed during Space Shuttle tragedy showed redesign increased weight. Optimization techniques applied to determine whether weight could be reduced while keeping joint closed and limiting stresses. Analysis system developed by use of existing software coupling structural analysis with optimization computations. Software designed executable on network of computer workstations. Took advantage of parallelism offered by finite-difference technique of computing gradients to enable several workstations to contribute simultaneously to solution of problem. Key features, effective use of redundancies in hardware and flexible software, enabling optimization to proceed with minimal delay and decreased overall time to completion.


(57) Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition in the form of a substantially amorphous solid solution, the formula (the I) (wherein, X is F, R


A novel type of low-temperature bonding technique which uses metallic microcones to thermocompressively bond with solder is currently being extensively studied for its potential in achieving fine-pitch interconnection in advanced packaging and system integration. This paper compares the bonding of three different solder alloys with Ni microcones: Sn-3.5Ag, Sn-3.0Ag, and Sn-9Zn, in terms of deformation behavior during bonding process, joint morphology, and bonding strength. Solder composition affects the bonding process in three aspects: the deformation behavior during bonding process, the resistance to shear destruction, and the reactive diffusion that leads to IMC formation on the interface. Optimization of soft side material used for solid-state insertion bonding is also discussed in principle.


Abstract: Pl~ysiologicaI correlates of menn-terrn adaptation, lvitll time constants of 2 to 30 seconds, w'ere studied in single units of tl]e audito~ nuclei (cocldear nucleus, torus semicircularis) of Ule unanest]lctized frog. Driven response to Iong-duratiou ~ tones decreased over time periods ranging from milliseconds to minutes. We described this process by single or double exponents with different magnitudes and time conslanls. The average amount of adaplat ion decreased as the modulation depth increased, hl the majority of units with sustained response tl~e pl~ase-lockiog to modulatiol~ waveform improves considerably during tile first 10-20 seconds of the tone duration In some units quantitative characteristics of physiological adaptation roughly remind the characteristics of perceptual adaptation in l~uman.


From the Publisher:
This book brings together a selection of key developments in 00 databases from a number of different areas, including semantic modelling, formal data models, language design issues, object algebra and rule-based query languages.


This supplement provides statistics that complement those in Household Food Security in the United States in 2021 (ERR-309), a research report that presents the primary national statistics on household food security, food spending, and the use of Federal food and nutrition assistance programs by food-insecure households. Additional statistics here cover component items of the household food security measure, the frequency of occurrence of food-insecure conditions, and selected statistics on household food security, food spending, and use of Federal and community food and nutrition assistance programs. for The annual food security survey was designed to assess households' food security during the 12-month period prior to the survey, but information was also collected for the 30-day period before the survey. Households that responded affirmatively to each 12-month period question were asked whether the same behavior, experience, or condition occurred during the last 30 days. Researchers used responses to these questions to assess the food security status of households during the 30 days before the survey, following the same protocols used for the 12-month measure. 3 The 30-day food security measurement protocol was revised in 2005, so 30-day statistics for 2021 are directly comparable with those for 2005 and later years but not with those reported for 2004 and earlier years.


In this paper I critically analyze the reception of Kuhn's conception of paradigms, traditions and rationality of scientific change by authors in philosophy (Sheldon Wolin) and history (Quentin Skinner) of Political Theory. Based on this critical analysis, I defend, against Kuhn, a notion of rationality for the historical development of political theory, grounded on controversies among a plurality of paradigms. In this sense, I claim, it is incorrect Kuhn's appraisal of social sciences as preparadigmatic and inmatture disciplines, as compared to natural sciences where there is a single paradigm in each discipline during normal periods. I consider that the existence of a plurality of paradigms or traditions in political theory, rather than being a barrier for the rational development of political theory, is an essential virtue for such a development.


It is well known that high energy data alone do not discriminate between asymptotic lns and ln{sup 2}s behavior of pp and pp cross sections. By exploiting high quality low energy data, analyticity resolves this ambiguity in favor of cross sections that grow asymptotically as ln{sup 2}s. We here show that two methods for incorporating the low energy data into the high energy fits give numerically identical results and yield essentially identical tightly constrained values for the LHC cross section. The agreement can be understood as a new analyticity constraint derived as an extension of a finite energy sum rule.


Through the lens of rational addiction theory (Becker and Murphy, 1988), this study investigates whether addiction to mobile social apps should be viewed as a rational behavior rather than an uncontrollable, irrational disorder. To derive the analytical model, this study extends the rational addiction framework to include a utility-level network effect as the key factor that regulates the inter-temporal consumption of mobile social apps. Further, to validate empirically the rational addiction model in this context, we gathered and analyzed longitudinal panel data on the weekly app usage of thousands of smartphone users. The findings suggest that consistent with the rational addiction theory, users of mobile social apps are rational and forward-looking. They determine their current consumption based on both past and future consumption and the utility derived from network effects. However, the extent of rational addiction to mobile social apps varies considerably across diverse demographic groups and app categories.


Prior research focusing on the market maven (MM) neglects to consider the possible existence of people who may represent an important source of marketplace information for MMs—the market guru (MG). A "market guru" is a consumer others frequently seek out for advice but who does not seek advice from others. In contrast to MG, a MM is a consumer who other consumers frequently ask for advice and who frequently seeks advice from others. This study raises the proposition that a greater share of MGs versus MMs are innovators, that is, individuals who rely on technical reports to become the first to adopt new products in her or his community. This study applies fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) to distinguish between MMs and MGs using multi-year data from a national U.S. omnibus survey. The findings support several propositions distinguishing MGs from MMs. MMs evaluate themselves as great influencers of consumers, highly sensitive to normative susceptibility, and possessing superior taste. However, MGs evaluate themselves exactly the opposite from MMs on these conditions. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0095-9.ch014


Gömöryová, E., Tóthová, S., Pichler, V., Homolák, M., Kriššák, V., Gömöry, D., 2016. Wood ash effect on chemical and microbiological properties of topsoil in a Norway spruce stand one year after the treatment. Folia Oecologica, 43: 156–163. Changes of soil chemical and microbial characteristics in the forest floor and in the A-horizon caused by the application of wood ash (WA) on the soil surface were studied one year after the WA application. Soil sampling was performed at three plots in a 40-year-old Norway spruce stand in Central Slovakia – at the control plot (CP) and at the plots with WA application in the spring (P1) and the autumn (P2) 2010. Soil samples were taken from the litter (L), fermentation (F), humic (H) forest floor horizons and from the A-horizon (the depth of 0−10 cm). In soil samples chemical attributes (pH, C and N concentration, extractable C and base cations concentration) as well as microbial characteristics (microbial biomass C, basal respiration, catalase activity, richness and diversity of soil microbial functional groups) were analysed. WA application was reflected in the changes of chemical properties (soil reaction, C, N and Ca2+ concentration) only in the forest floor horizons but not in the A-horizon one year after the treatment. No significant differences between plots were found in microbial characteristics throughout the topsoil horizons. The most distinct differences in decreased C and N content compared to control plot were observed in the H-horizon. Soil acidity differed especially in the F-horizon, where the increase of pH-H2O from 4.76 to 6.85 at P1 was recorded.


Bottleneck exists in all semiconductor production system. In order to improve the production capacity of the entire production system,we only improve the production capacity of the bottleneck. In the past,the method of bottleneck detection is too single,to apply difficultly to more complex semiconductor production system. The production model of semiconductor assembly and test production system is set up based on the previous researches. It overcomes the disadvantages of the previous method and comes to a method of bottleneck detection of semiconductor assembly and test production line. It demonstrates the effectiveness and robustness of the method by some examples.


People compare themselves to others in order to evaluate their abilities and opinions, yet the literature is mixed on how these social comparisons impact people's emotions, self-evaluation, and motivation. There were two primary aims of the present study. The first aim was to examine the impact of upward social comparisons (i.e., comparing oneself to someone who is believed to be more skilled or more fortunate) on self-evaluation and motivation. The second aim was to examine the influence of dysphoria in the relation between social comparison and both self-evaluation and motivation after partialling out the effects of self-esteem. Undergraduate students varying in levels of dysphoria were asked to read either an impressive student resume (upward comparison) or an average student resume (lateral comparison) prior to answering other- and self-evaluation questions and performing a brief anagram task to assess motivation. We predicted that after partialling out the effects of self-esteem, people who report higher dysphoria will evaluate themselves more negatively following an upward (but not a lateral) comparison than people who report lower dysphoria. We also predicted that after partialling out the effects of self-esteem, people who report higher dysphoria will display less motivation, as evidenced by correctly solving fewer anagrams, following an upward (but not a lateral) comparison than people who report lower dysphoria will. Results did not show a significant interactive effect of dysphoria on either the relation between social comparison and self-evaluation or the relation between social comparison and motivation. However, results did indicate a main effect of self-esteem (s = .71, p < .001) and comparison (s = -.13, p < .05) on self-evaluation.


A car manufacturer generally requires compliance with component-level electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements. However, some countermeasures may be necessary due to differences in electromagnetic circumstances even if the requirements are complied with. The objective of this study is to establish a methodology for EMC design by predicting the vehicle-level radiated emissions in the early stages of component development. The technical challenge in performing vehicle-level EMC analysis is handling a wide dynamic range, from the inverter output to the emissions. In this study, the vehicle-level EMC analysis has been divided into three steps that calculate the output current, the common mode current, and the antenna voltage separately so that the each dynamic range can be reduced. Model validation achieved by comparing the measurement results using actual electric vehicles is also studied. With this analysis, designing the EMC of both vehicles and components can be realized.


Principles of law play an important role both on theoretical and practical grounds. They are a kind of azimuth for the legislator, in shaping the law, as well as the interpreter, in the process of applying the law. The relationship between principles of law and rules requires special attention. A concept that is more and more often analysed on theoretical and legal grounds.


The reaction between potassium 2-alkoxycarbonylpyrrolides and styrene oxide, to yield 1-styrylpyrrole-2-carb-oxylic acids, is shown to proceed via a lactone intermediate.


Background:
 The SARS-Cov-2 virus and the associated Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) can cause myocardial injury, cardiac dysfunction, and coronary dilation. This makes echocardiography a key component during clinical evaluation. To improve technician safety, we implemented a protocol utilizing a tablet-based echocardiography (TBE) system to evaluate patients who had active COVID-19 or whose testing was pending. We hypothesized that appropriate clinical evaluations could be completed with TBE while having a shorter exposure time for personnel.

 Methods:
 We retrospectively evaluated 35 patients at a tertiary, pediatric hospital between March 2020 and May 2021 who underwent TBE. We compared the TBE findings and duration to comprehensive echocardiograms done on average two weeks later with a traditional machine. A complete study included evaluation of ventricular function, coronary artery diameter, and pericardial fluid assessment. Pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) and troponin-T levels were reviewed. Subjects were divided into two groups based on an elevation in troponin-T as a surrogate for myocardial injury (Trop
 +
 and Trop
 -
 ).

 Results:
 Eight subjects had cardiac dysfunction with 6/12 being from the Trop
 +
 group and 2/23 in the Trop
 -
 group. The mean troponin-T elevation was 0.32 ng/mL. Pro-BNP levels were elevated in all but 1 of the 35 subjects but were ten times higher in the trop
 +
 group (mean 18,055 vs 1,888 pg/mL; p = 0.001). Three subjects with MIS-C had coronary dilation noted by TBE (2 in Trop
 +
 and 1 in Trop
 -
 ) with one persistently dilated at follow up. TBE findings such as coronary dilation or cardiac dysfunction guided medical therapies and no clinically relevant findings were missed when compared to studies at follow up. TBE was on average 29 minutes shorter (41 ± 18 vs 12 ± 5 min; p < 0.001). One patent ductus arteriosus was found by TBE and this was confirmed on repeat imaging.

 Conclusions:
 TBE allows for experienced sonographers to limit exposure time to potentially contagious patients and easier decontamination while not compromising essential clinical information. This study shows TBE is a useful tool to effectively evaluate patients during highly contagious viral respiratory outbreaks.


In order to conduct dielectric barrier discharge experiments under normal pressure and low voltage (less than 15000V), an ac high-voltage differential power supply based on series-parallel LCC-type(Inductor L and capacitor Cr, Cp are connected in series and parallel structure) resonant converter is designed. The designed power supply prototype has the advantages of small size, light weight and easy operation. The power supply prototype has been tested on loads for many times. Its output repeatability is good and it can continuously output stable sinusoidal ac voltage. At the same time, the prototype also has a strong ability to resist electromagnetic interference. Moreover, the dielectric barrier discharge experiment is carried out using copper electrode with zinc oxide nanowires and copper electrode without zinc oxide nanowires. The experimental results show that the starting voltage of the test group with nanostructures growing on the surface is smaller, about 2500V lower than that of the latter under the same dielectric conditions and discharge spacing. In terms of the discharge phenomenon, the former has a better discharge process consistency, the non-nanostructured electrode discharge is unstable, and the difference in the discharge process is obvious.


The invention relates to electrolytic capacitors having polythiophenes containing repeat units of the general formula (I) or recurring units of general formula (I) and (II), Dispersions containing these polythiophenes, as well as the use of such polythiophenes or dispersions for the production of conductive layers.


Procedures and key points of the techniques used in preparation of certified reference materials for chemical phase analysis of gold ores were discussed in this paper.The raw data and certified data for gold in gold-bearing minerals including free gold(F_(Au)),linked gold(L_(Au)),gold-bearing sulfides(S_(Au)),another gold-bearing minerals(A_(Au)) and total-gold(T_(Au)) were presented.A set of five standard reference materials prepared were approved as the grade primary reference materials by China General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine in 2005.These certified reference materials are mainly used for evaluating the analytical methods and quality control for chemical phase analysis of gold ores.


In many countries silage is an important feed for livestock. Different bacteria species used in the inoculation process can significantly effect the fermentation of silage, having a substantial effect on the silages nutrition, aerobic stability and animal intake. In this paper, a selection standard for silage bacteria inoculants and bacteria formation species of homofermentative and heterofermentative is introduced, with the influence on fermentation quality discussed. Further, the functional principles of homofermentative, heterofermentative and mixed-fermentative are analyzed and a summary is presented.


While technology has traditionally impaired sleep, it also has the potential to enable and reframe sleep as a productivity and health booster.


THE duration of life after an acute coronary-artery occlusion has long been regarded as brief, and it is only in recent years that the more optimistic viewpoint pronounced in 1912 by Herrick1 has been justified. In increasing numbers, cases have been reported of survivals for as long as seventeen, twenty-four and even forty years.2 3 4 5 As an explanation of this change in prognosis, it has been suggested5 that the myocardial infarction that is being diagnosed in mild and atypical forms would have been dismissed years ago as so-called "acute indigestion" or never have been brought to the attention of a physician, . . .


A low power base station with a VOIP telephone line is used to combine fixed and wireless services. The device uses the Internet to communicate with a Mobile Switching Center. The base station is configured to connect to the Internet at a user-selected location and establishes a small area of wireless coverage within a greater macrocell network and providing a fixed line connection for the analogtelephones at home or in the office.


We performed a proteomic analysis of monocytes primed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro, using two‐dimensional gels stained with Coomassie blue. We found 16 proteins of ∼500 detected that either increased or decreased in abundance as a result of priming by LPS (14 with P ≤ 0.05). The proteins were identified by comparing the masses of their tryptic peptides with those of all known proteins, using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and the SWISS‐PROT database. Identities were confirmed by matching the sequence of several tryptic peptides, using liquid chromatography electrospray‐ionization quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. There were increases in the protective enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, in four calgranulins, in the cytokine pre‐B cell enhancing factor, and in annexin 2, macrophage capping protein, transketolase, pyruvate kinase, and serine/threonine protein kinase 10. Proteins that decreased in abundance were integrin alpha‐IIB, protein disulfide isomerase, and platelet‐activating factor acetylhydrolase. Many of these altered proteins have interesting functions in inflammation.


The invention relates to the use of cleaning towels for hair care and for cleaning hair, said towels being characterised in that they are impregnated with a surfactant solution containing a) alk(en)yl oligoglycosides, b) alcohol polyglycol ethers, and/or c) mixed hydroxy ethers.


This letter proposes an algorithmic method to verify differential privacy for estimation mechanisms with performance guarantees. Differential privacy makes it hard to distinguish outputs of a mechanism produced by adjacent inputs. While obtaining theoretical conditions that guarantee differential privacy may be possible, evaluating these conditions in practice can be hard. This is especially true for estimation mechanisms that take values in continuous spaces, as this requires checking for an infinite set of inequalities. Instead, our verification approach consists of testing the differential privacy condition for a suitably chosen finite collection of events at the expense of some information loss. More precisely, our data-driven, test framework for continuous range mechanisms first finds a highly-likely, compact event set, as well as a partition of this event, and then evaluates differential privacy wrt this partition. This results into a type of differential privacy with high confidence, which we are able to quantify precisely. This approach is then used to evaluate the differential-privacy properties of the recently proposed $W_{2}$ Moving Horizon Estimator. We confirm its properties, while comparing its performance with alternative approaches in simulation.


The purpose of this study was to compare bilingual students who had been identified as learning disabled (LD) with a group of bilingual students who were not identified as LD (NLD) based on standardized measures of achievement and potential. In addition, behavioral surveys of both groups were conducted. Subjects were 20 first- through sixth-grade limited-English proficient bilingual Mexican-American children − 10 were learning disabled, 10 were non-learning disabled. Based on analysis of the data the following tests predicted learning disabilities: Prueba de Lectura y Lenguaje Escrito (PLLE), Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI), Test of Reading Comprehension (TORC), Prueba de Desarrollo Inicial de Lenguaje (PDIL), Test of Early Language Development (TERA), and the Perfil de Evaluacion del Comportamiento/Teacher Survey (PEC). Significant differences were found between the LD and NLD groups in 75% of the measures administered. Additional results indicated that the LD students scored poorly on the nonverbal IQ test and the language achievement tests, suggesting that the sample would not have been identified as LD based on the instruments utilized in this study.


By spatially combining the outputs of many solid-state devices on a single chip, grid amplifiers are not only powerful, linear, and efficient, but also are compact, rugged, and robust. We present measured data from a fully-packaged Ka-band module with standard waveguide input and output flanges. With a 50/spl deg/C baseplate temperature, the module can be biased to deliver from 10 to 16 Watts of rated output power in the 30-31 GHz band. The module exhibits very good spectral regrowth performance, and can be operated well into saturation in single-carrier terminals for shared-spectrum multiple-access applications.


Image: di00955 - Workers and a priest survey damage at hillside near Hebron. Scene of 727 Boeing Astrojet which crashed 11/8/1965 killing 58 people near Greater Cincinnati Airport


Some aspects of the phenomenology of the top quark and the charged Higgs are studied, emphasizing relations due to radiative corrections. Production mechanisms at the SSC are mentioned, and decay modes are analyzed including radiative corrections to the charged Higgs mass and couplings. The constraints due to the decay b-> s \gamma are discussed. Calculations are performed in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Model.


Robust tracking control of underactuated surface vessels is an important issue in marine control engineering all along. This study intends to enhance the robustness of the motion control system which associates with unknown dynamics and time-varying disturbances. A practical adaptive backstepping control scheme is developed to keep a surface ship along the desired course that generated by a virtual ship. This control scheme can guarantee the error dynamic system to be globally uniformly asymptotically stable by the Lyapunov stability theorem. Furthermore, this algorithm can be implemented without the exact information of the non-linear hydrodynamics and random ocean disturbances. The employed pre-filter can provide a smooth transition of the desired course angle and its derivatives that based on the line-of-sight guidance method when the desired path is a non-smooth curve. The proposed controller can steer the underactuated vessel and follow the reference course accurately whether the desired course is smooth or non-smooth. In addition, this method can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the control moment when the desired path is a non-smooth curve. Two simulation cases are drawn to illustrate the validity of the proposed control strategy.


An approach for the aerodynamic optimization design of elastic configurations is implemented and tested. Aeroelastic analysis was carried out by combining an Euler equations solver and finite-element structural solver. Two important techniques used in high-fidelity aerostructural design optimization are discussed: the grid deformation method and finite-element mesh (FEM) update. An improved grid deformation methodology based on transfinite interpolation (TFI) and the radial basis function (RBF) method is presented. It adapts to complex configurations very well. The technique to update the FEM is based on a bilinear interpolation method and RBF method, and it adapts to any grid of finite-element model. The discrete adjoint method is used to get the gradient of the objective function with respect to design variables. Optimizations of a wing and a more realistic wing-body configuration are done to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Results show that the lift-to-drag ratio can be improved with constraints through optimization, which indicates that the present methodology can be successfully applied to design optimization of jig shapes of aircraft.


Introduction: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes with an autosomal dominant inheritance. Germline mutations of BRCA2 have more impact on men than on women. An increased risk of cancer of breast, prostate, pancreas, uveal melanoma, as well as gastric and esophageal cancer is associated with BRCA2 mutations.
Case Report: We present a case of a middle-aged male, who was on follow-up because of a BRCA2 mutation and a familial history of many neoplasia. During the follow-up, the patient presented nonspecific symptoms of gastric malaise. The upper endoscopy revealed an ulcerated lesion at the incisura angularis, which on pathologic report revealed an adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells.
Conclusion: There is growing evidence that BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of gastric cancer, especially in men. Surveillance endoscopic programs directed to families with these mutations should be considered to diagnose early-stage gastric cancer.


The emerging time of the assumpit in English contract law was very late,but the speed of its development was very fast.It gradually became the leading action form.The dispute of jurisdiction between different court promoted its development.The advantages of this action form made it to be dominant.The emergence of this writ had an important meaning to the development of the English contract law.


We have cultured more than 100 Arctic and Antarctic cryophilic microalgal strains in KOPRI culture collections of polar microorganisms (KCCPM). Among them, we tried to identify an Antarctic strain, KOPRI AnM0008 by morphological and molecular analysis. Nuclear SSU rDNA and plastid rbcL sequences were used to identify the strain. It was identified as Porosira pseudodenticulata based on SSU sequence data showing 99% identity with GenBank X85398. This result was supported by morphological features like solitary labiate process, external foramina and internal cribra by optical and scanning electron microscope. Morphological identification and molecular analysis on polar cryophilic microalgae will be accomplished to construct the databases for KCCPM.


The addition of optoacoustic sensing to optical microscopy may supplement fluorescence contrast with label-free measurements of optical absorption, enhancing biological observation. However, the physical dimensions of many optoacoustic systems have restricted the implementation of hybrid optical and optoacoustic (O2A) microscopy to imaging thin samples in transmission mode or to ex-vivo investigations. Here we describe a miniaturized optoacoustic sensor, based on a π-phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating embedded in an acoustic cavity, which is virtually invisible to the optical path and can be seamlessly integrated into any conventional optical microscope. The new sensor enables, for the first time to our knowledge, entirely optical O2A intravital microscopy in epi-illumination mode, demonstrated by label-free optoacoustic and second-harmonic generation images of a mouse abdomen and ear. Our technique greatly simplifies the integration of acoustic detection in standard microscopes and could therefore make optoacoustic microscopy more accessible to the biomedical community.


Biomass conversion into either electricity or biofuels requires various energy intensive processes that may drastically affect its technical and environmental competitiveness against their non-renewable counterparts. Therefore, in this paper, a comparative assessment between the total (cT) and non-renewable (cNR) unit exergy costs and specific CO2 emissions (cCO2) of the electricity, methane and hydrogen produced from sugarcane vinasse and bagasse is presented and compared with the conventional (fossil fuel-based) supply chains. As a result, the non-renewable unit exergy costs and specific CO2 emissions for the transportation service in all cases analysed are 3.1 to 4.7 times lower compared with conventional fossil fuels (e.g., diesel, gasoline, natural gas and hydrogen). Among the waste upgrade alternatives, methane production is able to maximise the exergy flow rate of products in the transformation stage (52.4-58.6 MW), while hydrogen and electricity production can substantially increase the transportation service in the end-use stage (51.7-52.1%) and the operational revenues (2,706-2,889 EUR/h).


In fluorescence molecular tomography, optical measurements at the surface are used with diffusion theory modeling to reconstruct the maps of the fluorophore distribution in the tissue using an iterative error minimization algorithm. While normalizing the fluorescence signal with the excitation signal has been shown to correct for source and detector inconsistencies somewhat, this approach does not always correct for tissue heterogeneities and inaccuracies that are not matched by the forward diffusion model. Using computer simulations and an ultrasound-guided fluorescence tomography (FT) system designed for spatial mapping of Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), the errors in fluorophore concentration recovery by assignment of incorrect optical properties are analyzed. Using simulations and experiments, white light spectroscopy was used to obtain more accurate tissue properties for forward diffusion model, prior to FT. Using white light spectroscopy the accuracy in FT values improved by 97% on average and the minimal detectable concentration of PpIX with the system was 0.025μg/ml.


A comprehensive homogeneous gas phase photochemical model is developed to study the problem of stability of the Martian atmosphere. The one-dimensional model extends from the ground up to 220 km, passing through the homopause at 125 km. The model thus couples the lower (neutral) atmosphere to the ionosphere above which provides significant downward flux of carbon monoxide and oxygen atoms. It is concluded on the basis of currently accepted values for globally and seasonally averaged water vapor abundance, dust opacity and the middle atmospheric eddy mixing coefficient, as well as the relevant laboratory data (particularly the temperature dependence of CO2 absorption cross section and the rate constant for CO + OH reaction), that the rate of re-formation of carbon dioxide exceeds its photolytic destruction rate by about 40%. Furthermore, it is found that this result is virtually independent of the choice of eddy mixing coefficient, unless its value in the middle atmosphere exceeds 108cm2s−1 or is far smaller than 105cm2s−1, or the dust opacity, unless it exceeds unity, or the water vapor mixing ratio at the surface, unless it is far smaller (≤1 ppm) or far greater (≥500 ppm) than the average value (∼150 ppm). Since none of these extremes represent globally and seasonally averaged conditions on Mars, we propose that the present model requires existence of a mechanism to throttle down the recycling rate of carbon dioxide on Mars. Therefore, it is suggested that a heterogeneous process which provides a sink to the species that participate in the recycling of CO2, i.e., H2O, H2O2, OH, CO or O, in particular, may be necessary to bring about the balance between the CO2 recycling rate and its photolytic destruction rate. Aerosols of dust or ice (pure or doped water or carbon dioxide ice present in the atmosphere of Mars) can provide the appropriate adsorption sites for the above heterogeneous process. Despite our conclusion that some heterogeneous process may be needed, it is important to recognize that one-dimensional models can only provide first-order results which, most likely, represent globally and seasonally averaged conditions. However, it is only after actual temporal, latitudinal and longitudinal variations of relevant atmospheric parameters are included in the model that one can determine fully whether the problem of atmospheric stability still continues to persist and whether some heterogeneous process is required to correct it.


The mold was designed and manufactured according to the principle of bending test, and springback of V bending and U-shaped bending for ultra high strength steel plate Docol1200M under different temperatures was acquired by the physical experiment. The law of the springback angle with the change of the temperature was summed up by the analysis of the test results.


1. The product is a solid cover made manufacturer of bindery products, comprising: outer layer; ! the first element of the cover sheet and the second element of cover sheet attached to the major surface of the outer layer and spaced apart to form a portion of the spine in between, the first element of the cover sheet and the second element of cover sheet pre-cut to a selected size and are adapted the possibility of movement in the foldable toward each other on the outer layer along lines defined by corresponding internal edge of the first cover member and second sheet member of the cover sheet; ! protective label attached within the spine portion; and! a block portion connected to the first element of the cover sheet and the second cover element sheet! wherein the root of the product portion with the hard cover forms a solid base for securely holding the protective label during manufacture and during use, for use in the packaging of other products with a hard cover, including storage, transportation and retailing, it reduces the possibility of damage watermark due to weathering and product bundle with a solid cover, which security label is adapted to reply to the remote interrogator. ! 2. A product with a solid cover of claim 1, further comprising a spine member, attached to the outer layer in the root portion spaced between the first element of the cover sheet and the second cover plate member and forming the side gaps between the respective n


At least three general subgroups of students display problems with their overall academic achievement: students with motivational deficits, students with academic performance deficits, and students with a combination of both types of deficits. The prevalence of students with both behavioral and learning problems has been reported to be between 10% and 25% and as high as 50%. The current study evaluated the effects of positive reinforcement and instructional strategies on the co-occurrence of motivational and academic deficits within three experiments. Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted with four school-aged children in a behavioral outpatient clinic. Experiment 3 was conducted with three school-aged children during extended behavioral evaluations. Experiment 1 evaluated the effects of positive reinforcement and an instructional strategy on the children's preference for academic work tasks and their academic performance. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of instructional strategies on the children's problem behavior and academic performance. Experiment 3 evaluated the effects of positive reinforcement and instructional strategies on the children's preference for academic work tasks, academic performance, and problem behavior. The results of this study showed that (a) preference for an academic task changed with the addition of positive reinforcement (Experiment 3) or an instructional strategy (Experiment 1), (b) problem behavior often decreased with the addition of an instructional strategy (Experiments 2 and 3), and (c) academic performance increased with the addition of an instructional strategy (all experiments). These results suggested that positive reinforcers and/or instructional strategies function as motivating operations by abolishing the value of negative reinforcement, thereby resulting in improved academic performance and decreased occurrences of problem behavior.


The thermospray (TSP) mass spectra of a number of diquaternary pyridinium oxime salts, used as reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterases, were recorded without the addition of an electrolyte. The TSP mass spectra appeared to be strongly dependent on the concentration as well as on the capillary tip temperature of the interface. At low concentrations doubly charged cations were the major fragments in most of the recorded TSP mass spectra. At concentrations well above 0.001 M as well as at too high tip temperatures more complicated spectra were obtained, probably due to fragmentation and/or decomposition. These latter spectra did correspond with the published data obtained by desorption ionization methods of these compounds. TSP mass analysis without the addition of an electrolyte appeared to be rather insensitive to the oxime salts. Using full mass scanning around 1 μg of material was necessary to produce a TSP mass spectrum.


Considering the daily use of technologies by children and young people some risks appears like excessive use of new technologies, Internet addiction, and exposure to unsuitable material or cyberbullying (online harassment). The present study identifies strategies used by primary, secondary and high school students when dealing with cyberbullying. Results showed that scholars are not only aware of strategies to cope with but most of them are proactive instead of negative or passive actions. In this context, family and schools should set up clear rules about technologies use, strengthening education on assertive tools for the achievement of school coexistence.


ABSTRACT Reading Gertrude Stein's long poem "Lifting Belly" alongside her plays What Happened and A Play Called Not and Now, this essay identifies banality and queerness as formal elements of Stein's writing, and contends that this emerges from her persistent interest in domesticity. Despite the thematic and formal resonances between these texts, few critics read Stein's drama and poetry together. Juxtaposing them allows me to demonstrate that, for Stein, domesticity produces a new kind of form. Repetitive, elliptical, and fragmented, these texts take their shape from Stein and Toklas's domestic landscape, incorporating both the objects and conversations that fill it. The result is a text fundamentally shaped by the familiar rhythms and intimate spaces of everyday life, but encompassing, too, the unevenness, confusion, and uncertainty that can interrupt and invade that life. In addition to providing a new account of the role of domesticity in Stein's experiments in literary form, this essay advances existing conversations about Stein's queer modernism, and suggests another way of valuing Toklas's contribution to Stein's work: as a co-creator of domestic space.


Air conditioner for a motor vehicle, comprising - a housing (1) in which an impeller for generating an air stream through a housing arranged in the evaporator (5) is arranged, a drain region is provided at its lower end, - a side of the housing (1) is translated air inlet housing (2) with an air inlet (2.1), - a in the bottom region (2.2) of the air intake housing (2) which opens water drain bag (3), a water outlet opening at the lower end (3.1) is formed, - a plane approximately parallel to the water run-off pouch (3) air pocket (6), which communicates with the drainage area below the evaporator (5) in connection and is closed at the upper end, - wherein the water outlet opening (3.1) of the water drain bag (3) laterally in the air pocket (6) opens.


Currently, dental implant therapy is considered as one of the most important procedures in dentistry. Especially osseointegrated implants, which were established by Branemark et al. [1], have been used worldwide as a reliable and consistent procedure. However, recent surveys revealed that peri-implantitis was considered as a major and growing problem in implantology [2-4]. They reported that peri-implantitis occurred in 28-56% of subjects after 5-10 years of use. As one of the causes of periimplantitis, it has been suggested that peri-implant soft tissue may have an impaired defense capacity against exogenous irritation due to lack of periodontal supra-crestal ligaments [5]. Dental researchers are now asked to solve this problem. Giannobile [6] has suggested that the presence of a periodontal ligament (PDL) allows for a more dynamic role beyond the ankylosed dental implants. Implants with periodontal ligament may improve the function of ankylosed implants by providing various biological characteristics of periodontium, such as durability against bacterial challenge and acting as a buffer and sensor of biting force.


Pelvic exenteration offers the last chance of cure for some advanced or recurrent gynecologic malignancy patients. The aim of this prospective study was to analyze factors associated with recurrence and survival after pelvic exenteration.


An oxidizing rather than the commonly used nonoxidizing atmosphere is used to carry out the thermal process required by the metal-induced crystallization (MIC) of amorphous silicon. Thin-film transistors fabricated on the resulting polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) exhibit improved device characteristics. Since thermal oxidation is known to induce the injection of silicon interstitials, the improvement is attributed to a reduction in the defect population caused by the incorporation of the injected silicon interstitials in the grain boundaries of the MIC poly-Si.


Exposure to low oxygen (hypoxia) evokes a biphasic hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) characterized by a carotid‐body‐mediated increase in ventilation followed by a centrally‐mediated secondary hypoxic respiratory depression (HRD). The HRD is strongest and life‐threatening in premature infants (e.g., Apnea of Prematurity). Purinergic signaling plays a prominent role in shaping the HVR; hypoxia evokes release of ATP from astrocytes in the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC, key site of inspiratory rhythm generation), which increases breathing and attenuates the HRD. However, ATP is metabolized into adenosine (ADO), which inhibits the preBötC and is implicated in the HRD. Thus, the net effect of ATP in the preBötC during hypoxia is determined by the balance between the actions of ATP and ADO. The objective of this study is to determine during development how mechanisms important in clearing extracellular ADO (ADOe) influence preBötC activity and the HVR. First, we focused on equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs) that passively move ADO across cell membranes down its concentration gradient. We compared the HVR (10 min 10% O2) of WT and ENT1/2 double KO mice (P0–3, P6–8, and P12–14) using whole‐body plethysmography. The HRD of ENT KO mice was significantly greater compared to WT mice at all ages, reflecting greater reductions in breathing frequency and a likely role for ENTs in removing ADOe during hypoxia. We then applied the ENT inhibitor NBMPR (100 μM) to the solution bathing rhythmic, preBötC‐containing medullary slices from neonatal mice to directly assess the influence of ENTs on basal preBötC rhythm. A significant, NBMPR‐mediated, 16% ± 7% (n=5) increase in frequency suggests that ENTs elevate basal ADOe tone, causing a modest reduction in frequency. In contrast, the reduction in inspiratory frequency evoked by injecting ADOe into the preBötC (to simulate a high ADOe load as may occur in hypoxia) was almost 2‐fold greater in slices from ENT1/2 KO compared to WT mice; i.e., under high load, ENTs appear to clear ADOe. We next examined ADO kinase (ADK), an enzyme that converts ADO into AMP, lowering intracellular ADO levels and facilitating clearance of ADOe by ENTs. Inhibition of ADK with ABT‐702 (10 μM) produced an adenosine‐mediated (i.e., the effect was reversed with the A1R antagonist, DPCPX, 100 nM) decrease in the baseline frequency of rhythmic medullary slices that was 16% ± 2% (n=7) at P0–2 and 24% ± 5% (n=8) by P9–11.


The brine curtain freezing cannot form a closed frozen wall in inclined shaft because of flowing water in the ground may take away some cold energy. The method of liquid nitrogen freezing was used to strengthen the brine curtain freezing. Conclusion are drawn through analysis of soil temperature distribution data which was gained in the process of freezing construction. Firstly,mixed states of nitrogen gas and liquid nitrogen appeared in freezing pipe when the pipe export temperature is lower than-100 ℃. Opening holes on the liquid nitrogen supplying tube can affect the distribution of liquid nitrogen. As a result it may affect the freezing effect. Secondly, due to flowing water may take away some cold energy;the difference in the expansion speed of frozen soils is larger between pre and post the time that the closed frozen curtain was formed. And the flowing water can affect the temperature distribution of frozen wall. Thirdly,the frozen wall with high temperature gradient were uneven because of the low gasification temperature of liquid nitrogen. The termination of liquid nitrogen supply reduces the temperature gradient in the frozen wall. The soil temperature near the freezing hole rises faster than far away from the freezing hole after the freezing stopped. The research results indicate that the reinforcement freezing can effectively block flowing water by mean of the frozen wall formed by liquid nitrogen freezing. The problem can be solved that the closed curtain cannot be formed using brine curtain freezing.


Objective:The alkaloids of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. (PC) in Simiao Pill with addition (SMPA) were quantified and qualified in process of compatability.Methods:The alkaloids in PC and SMPA were quantified with thin chromatography-spectrophotometry, the precipitate of decocted solution was qualified with TLC.Results:Quantity of alkaloide in SMPA was 30% less than that of PC,precipitate contains all individual alkaloid in PC, flavone, ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid.Conclusion:After compatability of the drug, the alkaloids in PC can all form precipitate with ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid.


The pursuit for cheap, low-density and high-performance materials in the design of aircraft engine blades raises wide-ranging challenges to the materials and structural design engineers. Traditionally, these components have been fabricated using expensive materials such as lightweight titanium alloys and polymer composite materials composites. The present study investigates the use of a sandwich foam fan blade made of solid face sheets and a metal foam core. The face sheets and the metal foam core material were an aerospace grade precipitation-hardened 17-4 stainless steel with high strength and high toughness. The stiffness of the sandwich structure is increased by separating the two face sheets by a foam core. The resulting structure possesses a high stiffness while being lighter than a similar solid construction. Since the face sheets carry the applied bending loads, the sandwich architecture is a viable engineering concept. The material properties of 17-4 precipitation-hardened metal foam are briefly reviewed to describe the characteristics of the sandwich structure for a fan blade application. Vibration characteristics and design criteria on the 17-4 precipitation-hardened metal foam core sandwich blade design with different combinations of skin thickness and core volume are presented with a comparison to a solid titanium blade.


Background Gender differences have been reported both in exposure to and outcome of burn injuries. Whereas the general gender distribution of burns is relatively well known, few studies have examined gender differences in incidence and management of burns for different burn mechanisms in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods The study is cross sectional and based on case reports of patients seeking care for a burn injury at Emergency Centres in eight health care facilities in the Western Cape Province, South Africa between June 2012 and May 2013 (n = 1915). Gender specific incidence rates were compiled for age groups 0–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19, 20–54 and 55+. Differences in proportions in men and women were examined for AIS, length of stay and disposition. All analyses were stratified by burn mechanism. Results Children 0–4 years have the highest incidence of burns with boys and girls relatively equally affected. Gender differences in burn incidence are found in ages 20 years and older. Men 55 years and older have a higher risk compared to women for hot liquid burns whereas men aged 20–54 have a higher risk of fire burns. While no gender differences in children are observed in injury management, adult men are significantly more transferred than women (all burn mechanisms aggregated) while women with both hot liquid and fire burns are treated as outpatients to a higher extent. No gender difference in AIS or length of stay are found among adults. Conclusions Even though burn incidence is highest among children, gender differences in burn incidence and management are mainly visible in adults. Results about men being transferred and women treated as outpatients to a higher extent in spite of similar AIS raise the question of hidden gender biases in the healthcare.


The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of state-level investments in public education on aggregate state labor markets, specifically earnings and employment. Through a careful interpretation of the results and application of my theoretical model, I determine whether these educational investments are maximizing earnings and employment, presumably through spillovers. This paper finds that educational spending is underprovided in terms of maximizing earnings and employment.


This is a group exhibition of film/video work from Scotland which is part of an on-going project in China in have been involved with over the past 3 years. For this show I will present a new edit of the film, 'The Ballad of 20 Years of Real Life, Chinese Version', (with subtitles/commentary in Mandarin). In Phase 3, later on, I will present a solo show in Shanghai. On phase two I am working with Jin Wei (SEA 2) and Flora Huang (PP3) on translation of text for this project which has been interesting and important.Following the successful 2015 debut, CURRENT: Contemporary Art from Scotland will move into Phase Two at Shanghai Minsheng Art Museum in December 2016.

Curated by Cooper Gallery DJCAD, University of Dundee in collaboration with Shanghai Minsheng Art Museum and organised in partnership with the British Council, Phase Two of CURRENT: Contemporary Art from Scotland focuses on the history, development and current conditions of artists' moving image works to further explore the distinctiveness of contemporary art made in Scotland, its grass-roots spirit and its keen debates with the social and political dimensions of art and culture.

Phase One of CURRENT noted that the present is 'the only moment that ever matters'. Phase Two sustains this observation with the caveat that the 'contemporary' is nothing but the shadow of this very moment.

Transfixed in the immediate passage of a recurring now, the contemporary captures and projects only its own image. This is its currency, its irredeemable value, the unique quality of being simultaneously both what is watched and the means of watching. But the now of the contemporary is inherently unstable and indefinite. Without permanency or stability, it smoulders in a closed loop, ceaselessly rewinding and leaping forward, an image always moving ahead and falling back upon itself.

Marking and making time, the contemporary inscribes itself within a technical universe composed of images in constant flux. Faced with this temporal apparition that oscillates between high definition close-ups and impossible wide angle panoramas, Phase Two of CURRENT: Contemporary Art from Scotland grasps the restless energies of now by means of two contrasting takes on the moving image; REWIND and >>FFWD.

Crashing in and out of focus, cutting and editing time the moving image is the aesthetic medium of the contemporary. Yet as a medium it holds more than just the present moment, its play of film strips and pixels is marked by radical histories. Excavating this radical history encapsulated in seminal artists' video works from the 1970's and 80's REWIND provides an in-depth historical perspective with which to grasp the condition of the contemporary as a moving image falling in and out of history. In contrast, >>FFWD seizes the contemporary in its full immediacy and impact. Choreographed as a four-week rolling programme of moving image works from Scotland, >>FFWD illuminates a visual lexicon of now.

>>FFWD: Artists' Moving Image from Scotland
Featuring works by twenty-four artists, >>FFWD captures the evocative light of contemporary moving image works from four distinct angles. Indexed by questions of the body, history, narrative and time, >>FFWD unrolls the moving image as a medium irrevocably defined by the urgencies of our contemporary moment. The selection of >>FFWD is supported by Modern Edinburgh Film School.

>> FFWD: Artists' Moving Image from Scotland features artists include: Anne Colvin, Anne-Marie Copestake, Karen Cunningham, Kate Davis, Katy Dove, Kathryn Elkin, Sarah Forrest, Allison Gibbs, Michelle Hannah, Elin Jacobsdottir, Mairi Lafferty, Adam Lewis Jacob, Lyndsay Mann, Duncan Marquiss, Oliver Mezger, Rosalind Nashashibi, Lucy Skaer, Bobby Niven, Hardeep Pandhal, Ross Sinclair, Pernille Spence, Corin Sworn, Tom Varley, Dominic Watson. Current, Phase Two, at Mingshen Art Museum, Shanghai (Dec 16).


Generally PV power generation system consist of parallel connection of the PV strings which serially connected PV modules. Partial shading has effect on efficiency of PV power generation system, causing mismatch between PV strings. Compensation methods to reduce the mismatch loss have been investigated. these methods prefer to compensate the shaded PV modules increase system cost PV module weight. This paper suggests new method to reduce mismatch loss by compensating voltage to the string not to PV modules. Recognition of mismatch string is by comparing current between strings. only undervoltage is variably compensated to shaded string with low voltage source. imulation results with MATLAB/SIMULINK confirms the improvement of generation efficiency and compensation profit ratio.


Photo of Judy Janzen speaking to attendees during the 49th annual CSLA conference that was held at Kent State University from June 27-29 in 2016. She is standing behind a podium and has a microphone in front of her.


The overflow probability (i.e., the probability that the empirical compression rate exceeds a given threshold) of variable-to-fixed length codes is studied. Particularly, (i) the optimum threshold such that the overflow probability is asymptotically bounded by a given constant, and (ii) the optimum exponent of the overflow probability for a given threshold are investigated.


Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary hepatic malignancy, the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide and, in recent years, has surpassed stomach cancer to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide (World Cancer Report 2014). Historically, rates of HCC have been low in the United States as compared with Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. However, recent decades have shown significant increase in the incidence of HCC in the United States likely because of the increased prevalence of chronic hepatitis infections (viral hepatitis B and C), alcoholic steatohepatitis, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in developed countries. In the United States, cancer of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts was responsible for an estimated 23,000 deaths in the year 2014 alone. This is, in part, due to its dismal prognosis with overall 1-year and 3-year survival rates of only 36% and 17%, respectively. Hepatic resection, liver transplantation (LT), and ablative therapies (at early stages) are the only available interventions that have the potential for cure. However, due to the aggressive nature of this disease, only 15% of the patients are eligible for curative treatments at the time of presentation.


In this article, I explore a case study of the special education referral process as an institutional site of exploring the intersection of power, discourse and subjectivities. I engage with critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) (Fairclough, Critical Discourse Analysis: the critical study of language , New York, Longman, 1995; Language and Power , London, Longman, 1989) as an analytic and social tool to uncover the webs of discursive practices involved in institutional decision-making. I focus on the process through which identities are constructed through discourse. I present three different interpretations from the beginning of the referral process: (1) the classroom teacher, (2) the remedial reading teacher, and (3) the parent of the child who was referred. In juxtaposing these interview texts I demonstrate how the teachers and June Treader, the parent, perceive the intention of the referral process differently. The school views the referral process as definitive while the mother views the referral as exploratory, to learn more about her daughter. I call on CDA--particularly the domains of discourse and style--as a means to explore and explain the differences in assumptions at the beginning of the referral process. This analysis demonstrates that despite the differences in interpretation at the beginning of the process there is remarkable similarity between the three participants around the values, beliefs and assumptions of 'schooled literacy'. This research suggests the need to expand on frameworks that conceptualize 'conflict' between discourse practices to consider the consequences of alignment.


traces Al and A2 show the speed of overdriven waves such as shown in Fig. 2a (A2 is the speed record for Fig. 2a). It can be seen that the wave speed is between 6 and 9% higher than the steady case and is gradually approaching the speed of the steady wave as the rarefaction interacts with the wave front, reducing its speed. The traces Bl and B2 show the speed of a wave, as in Fig. 2b, where the shock has not overtaken the detonation when it passes the transducer. It is apparent that the shock does overtake the detonation soon after passing the transducer, as evidenced by the increase of up to 7% in wave-front speed. (B2 is the speed record for Fig. 2b.)


[Objective]To obtain the residents death notation and life lost in various causes in Licang district,Qingdao,and provide the scientific basis for effective disease control.[Methods]Analysis was made on the monitoring data of residents death causes in Licang district,2009.[Results]In Licang district,there were 1 814 deaths in 2009.The total mortality was 600.71/105,the male mortality was 704.59/105,while female mortality was 498.16/105.The five leading causes of death in all the residents respectively were malignant tumor,heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,respiratory disease,damage and poisoning.The five leading causes of male death were malignant tumor,heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,damage and poisoning and respiratory disease,while the five leading causes of female death were malignant tumor,heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,respiratory disease and diabetes.The three leading causes of death which led to the highest life lost rate in all the residents respectively were malignant tumor,heart disease,and cerebrovascular disease.The three leading causes of death which led to the highest life lost rate in male were malignant tumor,heart disease,cerebrovascular disease in men,and in female,they were malignant tumor,damage and poisoning and heart disease.[Conclusion]The residents mortality is at a general level in Licang district,2009.Chronic non-communicable diseases,damage and poisoning are the main causes of death and life lost.


Zhongxian County , Chongqing is located at the heart of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area , a key area for environmental monitoring.The rural environmental quality monitoring and management was also stressed for Chongqing environmental monitoring work in 2012.Tiantai Village , Fuxing Town , Zhongxian County was one of the villages to be renovated as a whole , whose environmental quality monitoring and evaluation would provide a basis for understanding and maintaining environmental quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.A year's monitoring showed that the environment quality of Tiantai Village was good in general.


Aim: To investigate families' perceived life situation when living with cancer, with a focus on health and family sense of coherence.Methods: Study I is a population-based register study that explo ...


Awareness coverage control for multiple targets in a large-scale mission domain is considered in this work. Most previous results require prior knowledge of the loss of awareness to design coverage controllers to guarantee the desired state of awareness can be achieved. Other studies neglect the loss of awareness, so that the dynamics of the state of awareness can be solved and the solution can be used as feedback for coverage controllers. Uncertain loss of awareness can lead to unexpected variation in the state of awareness even when the target is covered by agents, and the control strategies to tackle the uncertain dynamics is still unclear. To eliminate the need of the knowledge and to extend to more general applications, systems with unknown loss of the awareness are considered in this paper. An overall controller composed of a nominal controller and a perturbation controller is developed. The nominal controller does not require the knowledge of the loss of awareness for implementation, and it ensures each agent is controlled to a local minimum. The perturbation controller drives the agent outside the local minimum to achieve large-scale coverage control. Stability analysis is conducted to guarantee all targets are covered with a satisfactory state of awareness, and infinite switching between the two controllers (i.e., Zeno behavior) is proven to be avoided. Finally, a numerical simulation is provided to demonstrate the performance of the developed controller.


The Ni-Cr alloy was electroplated on the 45# steel by electrochemical deposition,and the sample was analysed by using XRD,SEM,and EDS method.The results show that the coating is the hybrid of the Ni-Cr alloy through the X-ray analysis.There is an obvious diffraction peak when the diffraction angle is 44.375 degrees,and the grain size is 35.97 nm according to the Scherrer formula.It was found that the selection of anode materials can impose great influence on the structure of Ni-Cr alloy coating.The concentration of Cr will inirease with the increase of current intersity.


Chinese tallow tree is one of the four major woody oil trees in China. The method of preparing biodiesel from chinese tallow kernel oil by magnetic solid catalyst was tested in this paper.The test results of orthogonal design indicated that the optimal esterification ratio was 95.59%.The fatty acid ester in main components of the biodiesel was C18∶0,C18∶1,C18∶2,C18∶3 determined by Gaseous Phase Chromatogram.


Discusses the means to construct glued insulated rail joints. The methods of joining rail in the shop are discussed, though the process may be performed in the field. Costs of construction are detailed and a plan of the plant are included.


Zhouyi,which reflects the philosophical thoughts and thinking modes of the ancients,and with having essential influences on Chinese culture,especially traditional linguistics,is a divinatory book in this ancient times of China.By comparative studying on the principle of Zhouyi and the exegetical studies,the article holds that the exegetical studies is deeply influenced by the philosophical thoughts and thinking modes of Zhouyi,not only in terms of the interpretive model of the text but also in the lexicographical style terms.


The effect of sodium, chloride on the growth of a halophyte, Suaeda maritima (L.) Dum., was compared with its effect on Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska under controlled environmental conditions. The salt stimulated the growth of Suaeda maximally at concentrations of 170 to 340 mM while the growth of Pisum was inhibited even by 100 mM. Both species accumulated ions in the tops and the maximum concentrations of Na+ and Cl− rose in Suaeda to 860 mM (based on the water content) and 730 mM and in Pisum to 170 mM and 300 mM respectively. Respiration in both species was inhibited as the NaCl level in the culture solution was raised.

Four supernatant enzymes (malic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase) prepared from Pisum and from Suaeda (grown either in the absence of added NaCl or in the presence of 340 mM NaCl) were assayed in various levels of sodium chloride. The dehydrogenases were markedly inhibited by increasing salt concentrations while there was a smaller effect on the peroxidase and acid phosphatase. There was no difference in the effect of salt on the enzymes prepared from the two species although one is halophilic and the other halophobic.


Typical interference avoidance methods in HetNets are arranging orthogonal resources between macrocell and small cells such as in frequency domain in inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) or time domain in enhanced ICIC (eICIC). However, wireless channels experience time-frequency fading appealing for a two dimensional resource allocation scheme. By optimizing the resource pattern based on variable channel conditions, plus the introduction of group lasso term, our scheme exploits channel variations in both frequency and time domains and as well avoid interference. By grouping the resources in our optimization model, our scheme is flexible and robust against heavy bursty traffic. It is also a lightweight (in terms of coordination overhead) and completely distributed approach, making it suitable for practical implementation. Simulation results show the effectiveness of our proposed method compared with sole frequency domain and time domain approaches.


Sound intensity measurements can now be used to determine accurately the in situ sound power of machinery noise sources in the presence of high levels of background noise. Meetings of working group ISO/TC43/SC1/WG25 began in 1982 and a first draft standard was produced in late 1985. Meetings of working group ANSI S12‐21 began in 1983 and produced first draft of a standard in 1984. The ANSI draft standard was circulated for balloting as a standard in 1987, and the ISO third draft was circulated in 1988. Although the ISO and ANSI drafts are similar, there are some differences. The ISO draft allows precision, engineering, and survey grade determinations and requires four indicators to be measured to decide the grade achieved. The ANSI draft only allows engineering determinations of sound power. The ISO draft only allows fixed point measurements, while the ANSI draft allows either fixed point or scanning measurements of intensity on a surface enclosing the source. Last year, 17 laboratories in North America t...


Objective: To study the application of Chinese herbs (Ligustrum lucidum) monomer oleanolic acid on Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice cognitive learning ability, and E2 in vivo, Ach, TSH, interferon levels, and to explore the relationship among them. Methods:18 24-week-old mice (rapidly aging SMP8) were randomly divided into oleanolic acid group, the placebo group and SMP8 control group, and the other 6 selected mice as a homologous normal aging SAMR1 control group, the use of irrigation stomach after 4 weeks of drug intervention methods for water maze test(Morris maze) and biochemical testing of serum E2, Ach, TSH, IFN-concentration changes. Results: Oleanolic acid can effectively improve the Cognitive learning ability of the SMP8 mice, and impact the levels of E2, Ach, TSH, interferon (P 0.05). Conclusion: Oleanolic acid can be adjusted SAMP8 mice E2, Ach, TSH, interferon levels, and improve Alzheimer's mice cognitive learning ability, to achieve the prevention and treatment of senile dementia of the results.


Amongst the various routes of drug delivery, oral route is perhaps the most preferred to the patient and the clinician alike. Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it relatively permeable. The objective of this article is to review mucosa as a route for drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and materials used for oral permeation enhancers.


Geographic Information Systems (GISs) are attracting more and more interest. For geographically distributed data, value-by-area cartograms provide a highly expressive visualization. Continuously changing CIS spatiotemporal data can be animated by cartogram animation. We propose several value-by-area cartogram animation methods, and a new algorithm for creating single value-by-area cartograms. Our algorithms provide highly expressive animations for GIS spatiotemporal databases.
We describe an O(n) time approximate algorithm, which can transform a sequence of n time series data points into a linear constraint database. We also describe how the approximation enables more efficient cartogram animations, as well as more efficient evaluation of database queries. The approximate evaluation has high recall and precision on queries.
We also propose a new query optimization algorithm which is based on the hypergraph representation of queries. The optimization algorithm uses recursive bi-partitioning of the hypergraph to derive an optimized query evaluation strategy. This algorithm creates evaluation strategies that are easily parallelizable, which will be more efficient in parallel computers.


: Genomics adds a new dimension to genetic analysis, shifting the focus from the study of a single gene to the whole genome. We have successfully applied the genomics approach based on microarray to the study of genes involved in barley responses to cold stress. About 900 EST clones from barley were obtained from a cDNA library of cold acclimatized leaves of cv. Nure and arrayed, and gene expression analysis done on cold acclimatized vs. control plants. The system allowed for reliable detection of differences in mRNA expression levels, and was confirmed by the finding that numerous previously reported cold-related genes were differentially expressed in treated and untreated plants when evaluated in our arrays. The expression profiles of a sample of genes analysed by the array were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR.

Previously, identification of novel plant genes was achieved considering a few genes at a time; now many genes can be found as up- or down-regulated based on a one step procedure. Many of the genes we found to be up- or down-regulated do not have an assigned function. This includes 15 of the 78 up-regulated and 8 of the 45 down-regulated clones. Our results add new genes to the group of cold-regulated genes and provide the opportunity to better understand the complex mechanism of stress tolerance.


This paper reflects on the challenges associated with developing, implementing and evaluating a universal curriculum - based module promoting positive mental health for 15-18 year olds in Irish schools. The module consists of 13 classroom sessions over two years, and uses experiential learning techniques to address issues such as coping strategies and sources of support. The paper is structured around the implications of a conceptual model of implementation for school-based preventive interventions developed by Greenberg et al (2001b), covering three phases of programme implementation: pre-adoption - adapting principles of best practice to local circumstances, teacher training; delivery - school ethos, stakeholder involvement, measuring implementation, selecting appropriate outcome indicators, designing an activity-based evaluation workshop for students; and post-delivery - development of quality indicators for teachers to use on an ongoing basis, scaling-up issues.


A newly developed theory for the analysis of tapered sandwich panels with laminated anisotropic facings is presented. Unlike sandwich panels of uniform depth, the response of tapered sandwich panels is counterintuitive. For example, prior studies have demonstrated that a tapered cantilever sandwich beam having constant dimensions at the clamped edge and subjected to a tip load has an optimum taper angle where the tip deflection is a minimum. The decrease in tip deflection with increasing taper angle, despite the reduction in core thickness, is due to the participation of the facings in resisting transverse shear loads. In the present work, we systematically develop a tapered sandwich theory that is simple to use, yet accurately predicts the stresses and deflection of both symmetric and nonsymmetric tapered sections. A novel feature of the analytical model is that the elastic rigidities of tapered sandwich composites are expressed in terms of the familiar A, B, and D matrices that are widely used to analyze the response of laminated plates and sandwich beams of uniform depth. It is shown that the stiffness matrix for a tapered sandwich member exhibits a total of 12 elastic couplings that are absent in sandwich beams of uniform depth. The analytical model predicts large interlaminar shear and normal stresses near the root of the tapered sandwich beam, which can cause delamination failure between the facings and the core. Numerical results obtained using the tapered sandwich theory and two-dimensional finite element models are in good agreement for several case studies.


Abstract 1. ISA Brown hens were housed in groups of 4 in cages with different designs of nest boxes provided, to determine the effects of nest box design and management on their use and on the pre‐laying behaviour shown by the birds. 2. There were 5 treatments: control (C); a wire‐floored nest box attached to the back of the cage (W); a nest box containing a fibreglass rollaway hollow (N); two rollaway nest boxes (T); a rollaway nest box, protected by a partition from the main part of the cage (P). 3. The holes in the rollaway nests in treatment N, T and P were shut initially, but the proportion of eggs laid in these nests only reached 50%. This proportion rose to over 80% when wood shavings were added daily, but fell to below 30% when rollaway holes were opened. These rollaway hollows are apparently not suitable for use in laying cages. 4. Use of nest boxes in treatment W varied between 60 and 80%. However, when pre‐laying behaviour was recorded (in 19 hens) two birds which laid in the nest boxes neverth...


A polarization mode dispersion monitoring scheme is proposed and demonstrated for direct-detection optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DDO-OFDM) systems. A pair of data-assisted pilot subcarriers is inserted at two spectral edges of the OFDM signal spectrum. Simple data correlation technique is used to estimate the powers of the pilot subcarriers and thus retrieves the DGD value at the monitoring unit, without the need of demodulation of the pilot subcarriers. Experiments show a DGD monitoring range of 0 to 45 ps in a typical radio-frequency tone-assisted DDO-OFDM system. The robustness of the proposed scheme to optical signal-to-noise ratio and accumulated chromatic dispersion is further experimentally investigated. Besides, simulations and experiments are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of using photodiodes with narrow bandwidth. By inserting one more data-assisted pilot subcarrier, the proposed scheme becomes insensitive to the input angle of the state of polarization. The proposed scheme provides an effective monitoring solution for the optical OFDM signals across intermediate nodes in flexible optical network.


In reactive ion etching, the etch rate may be reactant limited, so that a measurement of reactant supply is neccessary to understand the details of the etching process. A quantitative determination of reactant supply can be obtained by measuring the total dissociation of the etching gas. In particular, this paper reports the total dissociation of CF4 as a function of input power and pressure in a diode system. A quadrupole mass spectrometer measuring the CF3+ peak indicates the presence of CF4 as well as other molecules containing the (CF3) radical. A transient technique is used to separate the contributions of the other molecules from CF4 so that the total CF4 number density can be calculated. The production of reactant by the dissociation of Cf4 causes etching of silicon and SiO2 on the cathode of the system. Possible reaction sequences of these etching processes are modelled by using the known supply of reactant. The partial pressures of the etching products are calculated and correlated with the etch ...


Objective To understand the epidemic situation of statutory report infectious diseases in Xuzhou Economic Development Zone from 2009 to 2012,so as to provide the evidence for the development of infectious disease prevention strategies and measures. Methods The epidemic data were collected and analyzed with the descriptive study method. Results Totally 2 088 cases of 17 species of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Xuzhou Economic Development Zone from 2009 to 2012,with an average incidence of 283.24/10 million and an average annual mortality of 0.54/10 million,and the overall volatility of the incidence was not big.Pulmonary tuberculosis and measles declined significantly;hand foot and mouth disease and viral hepatitis B declined modestly;infectious diarrhea,dysentery,and syphilis showed an upward trend;the mumps epidemic increased year by year,with a school outbreak in 2012.At present,the top six diseases were pulmonary tuberculosis,infectious diarrhea,hand foot and mouth disease,viral hepatitis, dysentery,and syphilis. Conclusions The notifiable infectious diseases are mainly intestinal infectious diseases,respiratory diseases,and blood and sexually transmitted diseases,and the overall incidence has little fluctuation.However,the monitoring and control of major infectious diseases are still need to be strengthened to avoid the outbreak.


Estimates suggest that greater than 25% of Medicare resources are used in the last 6 months of life. One significant source of cost is related to emergency care delivered to hospice patients for symptom management near the end of life. As the first phase of a quality improvement initiative, the purpose of this project was to determine reasons for and prevalence of hospice home care patients who access emergency departments for symptom management near the end of life and to explore factors that may influence patients' decisions to do so. A review of 1 hospice agency's annual report data for 2011 indicated that 147 hospice patients sought emergency care many for symptoms that occur near the end of life, whereas a significant number of visits were attributed to falls and sequelae. Results of an investigator-developed survey distributed to home care nurses indicated that although written information was provided to patients and caregivers regarding what to do when changes in condition occurred, family/caregivers became anxious and sought emergency care. Revision of educational materials and development of strategies to address the needs of this population should inform future projects.


Paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare tumours arising from sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglial neural crest cells. Functional PGLs usually present with manifestations of catecholamine excess such as hypertension, flushing and diaphoresis. Non-functional PGLs are diagnosed incidentally during imaging studies and pose a significant diagnostic challenge. Here, we report the case of 42-year-old female patient with carcinoma cervix who presented with a non-fluorodeoxyglucose-avid PGL. This case report highlights the importance of considering PGL in differential diagnosis and the management of retroperitoneal tumours.