To the Editor: Ovarian torsion reveals ovarian mass in 51% to 84% of cases1 in the pediatric population. Clinical recommendations suggest conservativemanagementwithdetorsion, leaving time for tumormarker dosage and proper imaging. Diagnosis of ovarian malignancy relies mainly on tumor markers that can exceptionally be false-positive. Most of the tumors encountered present as solid ormixed lesions upon ultrasound, except teratoma and juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) that may be cystic.2,3 Surgical strategy, conservative or not, is then chosen according to these complementary exams, keeping inmind the lowmalignancy prevalence in the pediatric population with adnexal torsion.4 We report a very unusual case of false-positive inhibinB level, which led to inappropriate oophorectomy. A 15-year-old female presented at the emergency ward with adnexal torsion. She had her menarche at the age of 11, with regular cycles and no prior medical history except for a recent episode of 5months of secondary amenorrhea. Ultrasound showed an enlarged and congestive left ovary with a 5-cm simple cyst (Figure 1). Laparoscopy showed a left adnexal torsion with a voluminous ischemic ovary. The cyst ruptured during detorsion and a serous fluid sample was sent for pathological analysis. Five days later, preoperative inhibin B dosage came back at 1025.34 pg/mL. The rest of the hormonal work-up was normal, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels (Table 1). A pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on day 7 postoperatively showed a 25-mm cyst on the left ovary and a normal right ovary. Given the elevated inhibin B level, cystic JGCT was highly suspected. A second opinion in a tertiary cancer care center proposed close monitoring, including serial inhibin B levels and pelvic ultrasound. Peritoneal cytology came back negative. Inhibin B levels remained elevated in another lab, and two pelvic ultrasounds done 16 and 21 days after detorsion showed an unchanged unilocular cystic lesion on the left ovary. Multidisciplinary local and regional tumor board discussions agreed on left oophorectomy because of the persistent elevated inhibin B levels associated with a cystic lesion. The intraoperative rupture of the cyst argued against monitoring. Intraoperatively, the left ovary appeared normal apart from the rupture site that was still visible. Eighteen hours postoperatively, inhibin B dosage was still elevated. The pathology report concluded at a hemorrhagic ovary containing normal follicles without tumoral site. The possibility of a heterophilic antibodies (HA) interference was raised as the inhibin B results were still elevated postoperatively with no evidence of tumor. Two samples were retested after pretreatment with heterophilic blocking tubes revealing normal levels of inhibin B, confirming an HA interference. One sample was also sent to another laboratory using the AnsLabs method and came back normal for inhibin B. HA are a rare cause of false-positive hormonal immunoassay, with an estimated prevalence from 0.4% to 0.5%.5,6 This interference concerns all hormonal markers including inhibin A.7 HA are considered to occur naturally (typically of human origin) and are able to react with antibodies from multiple species being weakly polyspecific. No blocking reagent/method is completely successful in preventing such interference. Hormonal tests are relying on different methodologies andmay differ from a laboratory to another. During the entire follow-up, high inhibin results were obtained from two laboratories. However, without knowledge of it, the same technique was used in both laboratories: Inhibin B Gen II of Beckman Coulter (Immunotech s.r.o., Prague). An interference testing using a HAMA (human anti-mouse antibodies) Elisa test was also performed and did not show the presence of HAMA


Light and lighting is an important aspect of urban and architectural design. Lighting education is responsible for the popularization of the specialist knowledge. This paper introduces the methods and approaches of the international lighting education. Some key issues in lighting are presented here. In the last part we present some ideas and achievements of the development of the lighting program at Tongji University.


A media sport per excellence, surfing established many links with culture (music, television, film), including imbrications with pop culture. These trends were important for the process of making it known and for the building of an image for the external public, as well as the configuration of values for the members of the subcul ture. In Brazil, this process had a notable strength during the 1980's. The article summarizes the imbrications between surfing and sound and audiovisual media in that period, with Fluir magazine as its main source.


To provide a tire having a rim protector to act as a fixing point for at least one carcass-type reinforcement structure. A tire comprising at least one carcass-type reinforcement structure extending circumferentially from the bead to the sidewall portion, and a crown reinforcement. Each bead has a main fixed bandwidth for further supporting the reinforcing structure. Tire includes a rim protector which is provided with a rubber projection extending axially outwardly relative to the side wall, and at least one second fixed band comprising a plurality of circumferential cord winding body. Winding body adjacent portion cooperating with the second reinforcing structure through a rubber fixation mixture. Since fixing is distributed between the bead and the rim protector, new construction, or of the design is opened, for example, it allows the use of beads of limiting space in an optimal way. Thus, the presence of the second fixed band in the rim protector is behavior of the tire, in particular, help to improve the resistance drift resistance. .FIELD 1


The disadvantage of the Simulated Annealing(SA) algorithm and BP algorithms was analyzed in this paper, design an optimization network algorithm, organic combine SA and Powell, insteaded of gradient falling algorithm of BP network to train network weight. it can get high accuracy and fast convergence speed. Today using multiple seismic information to predict thin interbeded reservoir parameter(thickness of grit,porosity)is an important research subject in the petroleum exploration. Thin interbeded reservoir have the features of reservoir thickness thin and change violently in horizontal, Traditional BP network can not get contentment result to predict thin interbeded reservoir parameters. Using the new algorithm in this paper can improve predict accuracy and convergence speed . The prediction results of an example proves this algorithm feasible and practicablity.


Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common condition; however, many of the traditional therapies like monotherapy used in clinical practice fail to show efficacy. There is no one particular treatment to be recommended as a mono-therapy for CP/CPPS. New concept of treatment which is `UPOINT" is introduced. The major barrier in treating men with CP/CPPS is the heterogenous nature of this syndrome. In order to treat appropriately patient should be evaluated individually to assess the nature of symptoms. To evaluate patients chronic urologic pelvic pain, six-point clinical phenotyping system is developed. The clinical domains are urinary symptoms, psychosocial dysfunction, organ-specific findings, infection, neurologic/systemic, and tenderness of muscles, which produces the acronym UPOINT. This clinical phenotyping system may provide a useful and clinically relevant framework for multimodal therapy for the treatment of CP/CPPS. However, concept of UPOINT needs randomization, placebo or sham control studies to show verified treatment.


69 Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) contribute to the assessment and treatment of cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Paper-based symptom assessments are cumbersome and time-consuming. Electronic assessments are an efficient alternative. This study describes CRF Clinic patients at a major cancer Institution, the time they required to complete self-reported CRF symptom assessments via a tablet computer (iPad), and the factors influencing PRO assessment completion time.

METHODS
From 1/1/2011 to 8/21/2012, 190 newly-referred CRF Clinic patients utilized an iPad to complete standardized CRF symptom assessments for: fatigue, pain, depression, anxiety, stress, sleepiness, and apathy. A web-based assessment module (BrightOutcome) was employed, which recorded assessment start and completion times. Non-Parametric test statistics were utilized for analysis.

RESULTS
Of the initial 190 patients, 3 were excluded due to non-cancer diagnoses and 1 was excluded due to an erroneous completion time of 8,903 minutes. Sample size is 186 patients; mean age was 55.49 years (range: 31-89); 69.4% (n = 119) were female. Patient mean fatigue score (Brief Fatigue Inventory) was 6.4. Mean assessment completion time was 16.73 minutes (range: 4-47). Assessments took longer to complete for patients ≥ 65 years (mean: 21.53 minutes; range: 9-43), males (mean of 18.3 vs. 16 minutes for females), patients with severe fatigue (7-10) (mean 18.31 minutes; range: 4-47), greatest apathy (38-72) (mean: 19.5 minutes; range 8-47), those with active cancer (mean: 18.02 minutes vs. 15.15 minutes in cancer survivors), and those with 2 or more comorbidities (mean: 18.41 minutes vs. 15.86 minutes in those with less than 2 comorbidities). Pain severity and interference, anxiety, depression, stress, and sleepiness did not statistically significantly impact assessment completion time.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients who are older, male, fatigued, apathetic, with active cancer or with 2 or more comorbidities may require longer in-clinic time to complete standard symptom assessments. Further studies exploring these and other patient characteristics potentially impacting the integration of new technologies into patient care and research are warranted.


modern production methods, compared with the Japanese and the Swedes, and also slow to realize that shipbuilding in Europe was on its way out. Still, three major companies (one of which is the Bremen Vulkan with some associated local yards) and several smaller ones survive to the present day, kept alive by naval orders and by subsidies for shipping and shipbuilding. There seems to be no economist among the authors, and no analysis of the economic or management problems involved, though Hartmut Roder and Uwe Kiupel describe some technical developments of naval architecture. Several contributions deal with social and cultural aspects. Hartmut Roder describes the failure of an attempted local association as an alternative to the trade union in the workers' settlement of Blumenthal before 1914; another paper, by Norbert Richter, gives an account of the savings and building society there. Propaganda is dealt with by Peter Kuckuk, who discusses Adolf Hitler's only visit to the city and its treatment in the press, while Lutz Kriitzfeld describes the relationship between war propaganda and entertainment in the shipyard's works newspaper in the Second World War. Finally, there is a brief biography of a former worker, and passionate amateur photographer, long unemployed in the slump, whose reemployment in the naval rearmament drive under Hitler and present-day quiet prosperity reflect much of German history in this century. The man's numerous photographs included here, as well as many others of ships and shipyards, are spoiled, however, by the poor quality of the paper used. After reading the book from cover to cover, one may feel that one has caught many glimpses of a city and its main industry over the period of a century, but it is not enough to get a rounded view, and many questions on the history of local shipbuilding have remained unanswered.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a portable telephone set capable of selecting sound information without impairing the sensation of utilization of a user, and to provide a method for controlling the portable telephone set. SOLUTION: While shifting to a background execution state of turning a predetermined application relating to the output of the sound information into an inactive state, while maintaining sound output by the application, when a first key is operated, the portable telephone set displays characters corresponding to the first key as a character string at a display section, and also displays numbers corresponding to the first key as a number string at the display part. When a second key is operated, while displaying both the character string and the number string, selection processing for selecting and instructing the sound information which serves as the object of the sound output to the predetermined application on the basis of the character string is performed. When a third key is operated while displaying both the character string and the number string, transmission processing based on the number string is performed. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT


Using numerical modeling techniques we predict the emission into air, substrate, polymer/indium tin oxide (ITO), and surface-plasmon modes of a polymer light-emitting diode. The results give good insight into the possible efficiency increases that can be expected for various light extraction techniques. In addition, the effects of various optical properties and layer thicknesses on the optical performance of the device are reported. We show how modification of the substrate can be used to concentrate light into mode types from which light can be easily extracted. We then report experimental results for two very different light extraction techniques. First, we demonstrate how Bragg gratings can be used to extract light from waveguide modes in the polymer/ITO layers. With an optimized Bragg grating, we have increased the external power efficiency by 25% at high brightness levels. In addition, we have used substrate-shaping techniques to extract light from waveguide modes in the glass substrate. In this case...


approved:.................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . Janet Tate The fundamental physics of turbulence in plasma is not well understood. Recent studies of the plasma deflagration accelerator in the High Temperature Gasdynamics Lab at Stanford University have demonstrated the presence of small scale instabilities that limit the lifetime of the jet/Z pinch and are not reproduced by coaxial plasma accelerator simulations. To provide more data to inform these simulations, a radial profile of axial velocity was measured using spectrometry. Magnetic field probes utilizing chip inductors were designed to produce well-behaved results at high frequencies, enabling the use of techniques like wavelet decomposition to identify the fastest-growing instabilities in the flow. The velocity measurement produced a radial profile of axial velocity that was consistent with prior experimental data and reproduced key features of the simulations. The core of the jet was shown to travel uniformly at 92 ±5 km/s out to a 5 mm radius, and the shear flow around the jet rose to ∼120 km/s at 10 mm. An impurity emission line (Fe I) was used to generate the velocity profile and thus the experiment may have failed to capture features tied specifically to the physical characteristics of the plasma species. Doppler and Stark broadening measurements revealed the presence of artificial broadening which increased the uncertainty. The magnetic field probe project produced prototypes that measure axial, azimuthal, and radial field variation. A calibration procedure for the probes was designed and demonstrated. The calibration curve shows the onset of resonances at ∼10 MHz, calling for improvements to achieve the desired maximum operating frequency of 100 MHz. The curve also suggests that the probe will produce a signal of order ∼1 V during operation, showing that the circuit components are sufficient for detection of the fine structure of the magnetic field.


Although museums for peace claim peace education to be a primary mission, their definitions of 'peace' and their aims and practices for peace education vary widely. In this article, we draw from the field of critical museology and the knowledge construction perspective to understand the role of museums for peace in the service of peace education. From the constructivist viewpoint, the museums' narratives are not objective or historical truths. Rather they are the museum designers' constructed interpretations of the events, people, and places that are memorialized. The museums' exhibits, narratives, and programs reflect a wide range of definitions of peace including some which conflict and contradict each other. The variations in defining peace contribute to differences in how the museums view and exercise their role in educating for peace. From this analysis, we observe how contemporary museums for peace can play a significant role in peace education by raising awareness about multiple definitions of peace and by enabling audiences to reflect on, discuss and participate in deliberated paths toward personal peace and cultures of peace.


This opinion piece looks at 'the right support' for children with special educational needs and disabilities, and what this support looks like for them and their families. A valuable tool is offered which is the new Spotlight Set from the Early Intervention Foundation, providing information on 28 evidence-based interventions that are available to support children and young people with recognised or possible SEND as well as their carers.


Friction and wear become significant at small scale lengths, particularly in MEMS/NEMS. Nanopatterns are regarded as a potential approach to solve these problems. In this paper, we investigated the friction behavior of nanopatterned silicon surfaces with a periodical rectangular groove array in dry and wear-less single-asperity contact at the nanoscale using molecular dynamics simulations. The synchronous and periodic oscillations of the normal load and friction force with the sliding distance were determined at frequencies defined by the nanopattern period. The linear load dependence of the friction force is always observed for the nanopatterned surface and is independent of the nanopattern geometry. We show that the linear friction law is a formal Amontons' friction law, while the significant linear dependence of the friction force-versus-real contact area and real contact area-versus-normal load captures the general features of the nanoscale friction for the nanopatterned surface. Interestingly, the nanopattern increases the friction force at the nanoscale, and the desired friction reduction is also observed. The enlargement and reduction of the friction critically depended on the nanopattern period rather than the area ratio. Our simulation results reveal that the nanopattern can modulate the friction behavior at the nanoscale from the friction signal to the friction law and to the value of the friction force. Thus, elaborate nanopatterning is an effective strategy for tuning the friction behavior at the nanoscale.


Carotid Artery Stenting from the Viewpoint of the Interventional Angiologist in 2004. Recent data suggest promising results of elective carotid artery stenting (CAS) in patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic high-grade carotid artery stenosis. The rate of complications seems at least comparable to the gold standard carotid endarterectomy, and in surgical high-risk patients CAS even has become the method of first choice. In the near future, the indication for CAS may also be established in a more general population with carotid stenosis, however, as yet the results of the ongoing large randomised controlled trials comparing CAS and endarterectomy have to be awaited. Establishing standards of treatment, defining risk factors for complications, and systematic training of the interventionist are currently major issues. J Kardiol 2004; 11: 200–5. Tabelle 1: Indikationen zum Karotisstenting Gesicherte Indikationen bei Erweiterte Indikationen Patienten mit symptomatischer Stenose > 70 % oder asymptomatischer Stenose > 90 % • Rezidivstenose nach TEA der ACI • Alle Patienten mit symptoma• Kontralateraler ACI-Verschluß tischer Stenose > 70 % (so• Hostiler Hals: fern keine anatomischen – St. p. Radiatio im Halsbereich Kontraindikationen vorliegen) – Hohe zervikale ICA-Stenose • Patienten mit asymptomati– CCA-Stenose unter Clavicula scher Stenose, wenn zusätz– Hochgradige Tandemstenose lich: – Kurzer, steifer Hals – rasche Progredienz auf 90 % • Instabile kardiopulmonale Erkran– höchstgradige Stenose


The Eurographics Workshop on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging (CAe) took place in 2011 for the seventh time. This year, however, for the first time it was held as a joint symposium in Vancouver, Canada, together with the International Symposium on NonPhotorealistic Animation and Rendering (NPAR) and the International Symposium on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling (SBIM). In addition, the three symposia were colocated with ACM SIGGRAPH.


This article describes ways to increase the role of tourism in the country's economy and its share in its development, and at the same time implement strategic measures in the field of tourism marketing in order to ensure sustainable development in the country's tourism market. Also, the analysis of the imbalances that have occurred in certain sectors of the tourism market of Uzbekistan is considered and their elimination, as well as finding and expanding the target audience, as well as attracting consumers in the tourism industry and meeting their needs at the level of demand, are targeted marketing strategies for the effect of use is revealed.


The colorectal cancer remains one of leading problems of modern coloproctology and oncology. The polyps are one of pathology of colon widespread in population and predictor of colorectal cancer. Their timely detection and removal is considered as only effective measure of prevention of colon malignant neoplasms. The morbidity of colon malignant neoplasms in the Perm Kray was monitored in 2004-2018. Its structure and dynamics were evaluated. The software is described that allows both physicians and patients to evaluate probability of detecting colon neoplasms that contributes to expansion of the research database of coloproctologic studies. The ways of increasing effectiveness of predicting incidence of colorectal cancer and colon polyps were proposed on the basis of neural networks, that permit to increase detection of corresponding pathology by personalizing screening.


This article examines the legal value of the pronouncements of the International Labour Organisation's Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations in the context of the recent unprecedented attacks it faced within the ILO by the Employer's group. In particular, it studies what is meant by "soft law jurisprudence", an expression first used by the Employers' Group in 2012 to describe the Committee of Experts' comments. To do so, it examines interpretation at the ILO, how the Committee of Experts has had, over the years, the task of interpreting conventions and what influence the work of the Committee of Experts has, both intentionally and unintentionally, discussing the issue in the general context of the legal effects of soft law.


Background: Associations between stress exposure and adiposity have been reported in adults, but data in children and adolescents are limited. Methods: The HELP trial is a randomized controlled trial of a motivational interviewing intervention for obese adolescents (12-19 years) recruited from the community (London, UK). Baseline data collection included anthropometry (n=174; 109 girls), awakening and 30-minute post-awakening salivary cortisol (n=155; 97 girls), and a validated stress questionnaire (A-FILE) completed by the adolescents (n=172; 108 girls). This study presents baseline data regarding stress and adiposity, as assessed by body mass index (BMI), BMI Z-score (UK 1990), fat mass (from bioelectrical impedance), and waist circumference. Associations between adiposity (outcome) and total recent stressful life events (A-FILE) and cortisol measures were tested with linear regression. Results: Overall, total recent stressful life events were positively associated with BMI, BMI z-score and fat mass (p=0.019-0.048). When stratified by sex, only the association of total recent stressful life events with BMI and fat mass in girls remained significant (Table 1). The magnitude of change in cortisol during 30 minutes post-awakening was negatively associated with BMI and BMI z-score in girls only (p<0.04; Table 2), but no associations were found with the total change in waking cortisol. Conclusions: Both physiological (cortisol) and psychological (total recent stressful life events) measures of stress were associated with BMI in obese adolescent girls (but not boys), and should be considered in clinical assessments. The direction of these associations is unclear, and requires longitudinal investigation.


The aim of this article is to introduce the ongoing debate on the adoption of English Medium Istruction (EMI) in Italian universities. First, it focuses on the strategic motivations of EMI, i.e. the internationalization of Italian higher education and the role of English in this process. Then, starting from the case of the Politecnico di Milano , the author presents the cultural debate on the defence of Italian in higher education which was initiated by the Accademia della Crusca and has recently raged among Italian academics. Subsequently, the linguistic and pedagogical challenges posed by EMI are discussed with reference to the competence in English required to study and teach in this new mode. In fact, data shows that many national and international students do not possess adequate competence in the use of English, and lecturers are rarely offered training or support, if needed. The author concludes by arguing that the adoption of EMI requires strategic planning and monitoring to meet the demands of internationalization, on the one hand, and implement a high-profile educational policy, on the other.


Using nearest neighbor classification with fault dictionaries to resolve inexact signature matches in digital circuit diagnosis is inadequate. Nearest neighbor focuses on the possible diagnoses rather than on the tests. Our alternative-the information flow model-focuses on test information in the fault dictionary to provide more accurate diagnostics.


A bstract. W e calculate the extragalactic diuse em ission originating from the up- scattering ofcosm icm icrowavephotonsby energeticelectronsand positronsproduced in particledark m atterannihilation eventsatallredshiftsand in allhalos.W eoutline theobservationalconstraintson thisem ission and westudyitsdependenceon both the particledark m atterm odel(including theparticlem assand itsdom inantannihilation �nalstate) and on assum ptions on structure form ation and on the density prole ofhalos. W end that for low-m ass dark m atter m odels,data in the X-ray band provide the m ost stringent constraints, while the gam m a-ray energy range probes m odels featuring large m asses and pair-annihilation rates,and a hard spectrum for the injected electronsand positrons. Specically,we point out that the all-redshift, all-halo inverseCom pton em ission from m any dark m atterm odelsthatm ightprovide an explanation to the anom alouspositron fraction m easured by the Pam ela payload severely overproducestheobserved extragalacticgam m a-ray background.


The gold decoration technique of electron microscopy was used to observe the microtopography of natural (001) surfaces of 1:1 regularly-interstratified mica/smectite minerals (expandable layer: 40–45%) collected from four different pyrophyllite deposits in Japan. The specimens are characterized by parallel growth steps of malformed, circular or polygonal forms with varying step separations. Many particles exhibit paired steps that seem to show spiral growth. Microtopographic observations suggest that the growth of regular interstratification (at least for the specimens investigated in this study) normally takes place by an interlacing of paired steps. If the height of a single step corresponds to that of a mica or a smectite layer, the particles are estimated to be normally 40–300 Å in thickness. If the particles on which a spiral center is observed are single crystals of interstratified mica and smectite, then some crystals investigated in this study are far thicker than fundamental particles. The results of this study are interpreted to suggest that these regularly-interstratified mica/smectites were formed by hydrothermal metasomatism from their respective host rocks.


Abstract An indirect photometric chromatography (IPC) method was developed for the determination of formic, acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The chromatographic separations were performed on a Waters SymmetryShield PR8 column with a diphenylguanidine aqueous solution as the mobile phase and the pH value was adjusted by n-butyric or n-pentanoic acid. The forming mechanism of the ion-pairing compounds was discussed. The effect of the column, the kind, and concentration of ion-pairing reagents and modifiers were investigated. The results showed that the linear relationships of the four kinds of acids all performed well and the correlation coefficients (R2) were all above 0.996. The established method had a good precision and accuracy for the acids. The IPC method was also compared with a titrimetric method for determining the sample content. Additionally, to eliminate the errors caused by the different backgrounds between the standard solutions and complex sample solutions, a standard additive method was explored for the analysis of a mixture of acids. The established method is simple, efficient, and accurate for determining C1 to C4 linear chain saturated monocarboxylic acids. Graphical Abstract


In order to speed up the development and application of the electronic control system of electronic control gasoline engine, ensure the calibration of electronic control system and matching the system with it, the monitoring system for electronic control gasoline engine monitoring system has been developed. The programming techniques based on VB MSComm controls is designed to collect the dates of engine's operational parameters; the MSComm controls in the environment of VB 6.0 is used to carry out the correspondence between personal computer and single-chip, and achieves the purpose of the engine's working parameters visualizations.


Abstract In this paper, the natural convection flow in a cavity heated differentially with a partition placed in the middle of the hot wall is numerically simulated. The aspect ratio of the geometry, Prandtl number are fixed at 0.24, 6.64, respectively, for different partitions lengths; however the Rayleigh number values were ranging from 106 to 3.77 × 109 in order to observe the transition regime. The fluid flow and the heat transfer described in terms of continuity, linear momentum and energy equations were predicted by using the finite volume method. To approach the physical reality experience, calculations were performed in a cavity with the same size and same priority of the fluid with an average temperature Tm imposed on the cooled wall, also another simulation with an average temperature Tm imposed on the horizontal wall. Time evolution, isotherms and mean Nusselt number are presented for all investigated values. Representative results illustrating the effects of the partition length for the heat transfer and the thermal boundary layer are also reported and discussed. The results indicate that the flow and heat transfer properties are altered by the presence of the partition, especially in the initial stage. In a certain sense, the partition blocks the flow and forces it to come off the hot wall. Since the partition parameters are critical for the transient natural convection flow in the cavity, different partition lengths on the warm wall have been studied.


Background Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest (CA) improves survival and functional outcomes, while hyperthermia is harmful. The optimal tool for tracking the effect of temperature manipu...


Design engineers for concrete structures often specify admixtures (ingredients added to mixtures of concrete) for reducing demand for water by up to 5 percent. By reducing the amount of water needed to make concrete, engineers can improve the properties of the hardened product. One group of admixtures known as plasticizers has been used since the 1950s. In the 1970s, a new group of plasticizers known as superplasticizers emerged in North America. Superplasticizers, also known as high-range, water-reducing admixtures (HRWRAs), tend to disperse cement particles in the concrete mix and, therefore, impart extreme flowability (fluidity) to the concrete. Typically, HRWRAs reduce the demand for water beyond that of standard water-reducing admixtures by up to 20 percent. Not only are the superplasticized admixtures used for structural concrete in conventional structures such as bridges and building foundations, increasingly engineers specify their use in concrete for hydroelectric projects, including dams, spillways, prefabricated powerhouses, and tunnels.


The problem of max-min signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) for uplink transmission of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is considered. We assume that the system is employed with local minimum mean square error (L-MMSE) combining. The objective is to preserve user fairness by solving max-min SINR optimization problem, by optimizing transmit power of each user equipment (UE) and weighting coefficients at central processing unit (CPU), subject to transmit power constraints of UEs. This problem is not jointly convex. Hence, we decompose original problem into two subproblems, particularly for optimizing power allocation and receiver weighting coefficients. Then, we propose an alternating algorithm to solve these two subproblems. The weighting coefficient subproblem is formulated as a generalized eigenvalue problem while power allocation subproblem is approximated as geometric programming (GP). We empirically show that the proposed algorithm achieves higher min-user uplink spectral efficiency (SE) over existing fixed power scheme which is not optimized with respect to the transmit power. Moreover, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is numerically illustrated.


Vacuum frying is frying process under a vacuum condition to prevent material object deterioration due to excessive heat caused by high temperature. This process is suitable to produce fruit chips. The objective of this research is to determine the frying constant of pineapple chips processing under vacuum condition. A 40mmx20mmx4mm sliced Pineapple were fried under equilibrium pressure at 10 kPa absolute (abs) and a temperature of 85±3°C. In this process, three feeding rate was chosen, which is a feeding of 50%, 75% and 100% of the vacuum fryer capacity. The water removal rate was observed during the process by measuring the condensate volume. Frying constant values (K) for a feeding rate of 50%, 75% and 100% were 0.078; 0.068 and 0.065 (minutes ) and the regression coefficient of 0.9677; 0.9668 and 0.9749 respectively. From the research 1 done, it can be concluded that i) the frying constant (K) in pineapple vacuum frying could be determine by an exponential decay method. ii) The K value became greater at a smaller feeding rate.


The Collaborative Multimedia Service-Learning (CMSL) model, based on the "learning by teaching" approach, was created in an effort to design a pedagogical intervention to promote pre-service teachers' multimedia design/development skills. This paper reports on the development of the CMSL and presents the findings of the implementation of the CMSL in a partnership between a pre-service teacher training program in a 4-year university and area elementary and middle schools. Sixteen pre-service teachers participated in a series of multimedia design trainings as a part of their undergraduate curriculum and completed the service-learning component of the CMSL by teaching nine sixth-grade classes in local schools using MacBook multimedia authoring tools. The findings show that the CMSL model was effective in improving pre-service teachers' multimedia design skills and attitudes toward the CMSL. Follow-up interviews indicated that participating in the service-learning component of the CMSL was beneficial and a satisfactory experience.


Congestion is a chronic problem at many urban intersections, but traditional capacity improvements to at-grade intersections are sometimes not effective solutions when volumes are very high. While grade-separated interchanges are possible alternatives, construction and right-of-way costs can limit their application in urban areas. The continuous flow intersection (CFI) is one strategy that can improve flow versus an at-grade intersection, while not consuming as much right-of-way as a grade separated interchange. This paper discusses an operational analysis that compared a CFI design to at-grade intersection improvements and a single point urban interchange (SPUI) at a congested urban intersection in Norfolk, Virginia. A VISSIM model was created to compare operations under projected 2030 afternoon peak hour volumes for all three alternatives. The results showed that the CFI could produce substantial delay savings versus traditional improvements, although, as expected, the SPUI offered the lowest overall delays. Preliminary cost estimates indicated that the CFI would cost about 10 percent more than the traditional improvement alternative, but could reduce delays at the intersection by as much as 50 percent.


Urbanization aims to promote citizenization, in which people's social and spiritual needs must be satisfied. However, vulnerable land-lost farmers face many difficulties during the urbanization process. This is partly caused by the GDP-oriented policies that specifically target land-lost farmers. The government must change its governance from GDP (land) oriented to people oriented to improve its management performance. Central government is encouraging urbanization. However, only a few studies have investigated the entrepreneurial activities of land-lost farmers at the micro-level in China, which engenders ineffective policies for promoting such activities during urbanization. Based on grounded theory, this study develops a consciousness-situation-behavior model to explain the entrepreneurship mechanism of land-lost farmers. The authors discovered that entrepreneurial awareness motivates entrepreneurial behavior through the perceptions of desirability and feasibility. Land acquisition plays a mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial consciousness and behavior. For various situation factors, land location and entrepreneurship policy significantly mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial consciousness and behavior, whereas the settlement of land-lost farmers produces an insignificant effect on such relationship. A higher compensation can also lower the possibility of entrepreneurship. Based on these findings, practical policies are proposed.


Taking a certain project as an example,and from aspects of the establishment of management agency,the determination of management scope,the application of management facility,and the determination of annual operating expense,etc.,this paper expounds the management plan making in engineering operation stage.


Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Swedish Society of Medicine, Swedish Heart Association, Skåne University Hospital, Region Skåne, and Lund University

 Ebstein's anomaly (EA) is due to failed delamination of the tricuspid valve (TV) causing TV regurgitation (TR) and right ventricular (RV) dilatation, reduced exercise capacity and survival. TV repair/replacement (TVR) aims to reduce morbidity and mortality by reducing regurgitation and RV dilatation. Exercise capacity measured by predicted peak oxygen uptake (VO2%) and ventilatory expiratory slope (VE/CO2) is often impaired in EA and both are markers for mortality in adult congenital heart disease. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived risk factors for adverse events (MACE) in unrepaired EA include reduced biventricular ejection fraction (EF) and low cardiac index. Whether and how these markers are modulated by TVR requires study.

 We aimed to assess whether TVR modulates known markers of exercise intolerance and CMR risk factors for MACE in EA.

 Thirty-six consecutive EA adult (age≥16 years) patients (age at operation 37.4 ± 15.4 years, 13/12 ASD/PFO closures, 64% women) who underwent TV repair/replacement (15/21) between 2004-2014 and had pre-TVR CMR were retrospectively included. Twenty-four had CMR (in median 1.7 years) after TVR. Thirty-four had cardiopulmonary exercise test with VO2% and VE/CO2 prior to TVR, 23 one year and 17 five years after TVR. For CMR biventricular assessment, delineations were performed in short-axis cine stacks. Cardiac index was computed from velocity encoded phase contrast images from aortic flow. All volumes were indexed to body surface area. TR was graded none to severe (0-3).

 Thirty patients were in NYHA class ≥2 pre-TVR, 10 at 1-year and 8 at 5-year post-TVR (Figure 1). Compared to pre-TVR, VO2% continued to increase 5 years post-TVR (60 ± 16% vs 72 ± 14%, p = 0.002), but was not significantly increased at 1-year post-TVR (69 ± 19%, p = 0.06). For VE/CO2, pre-TVR values (40 ± 15) were increased compared to 1-year post-TVR (33 ± 6, p = 0.02) but without further amelioration after 5 years (33 ± 6). Cardiac index increased (2.4 ± 0.7 vs 2.8 ± 0.5/min/m2, p = 0.02). However, RVEF decreased (52 ± 7 vs 46 ± 9%, p = 0.003) and LVEF remained unchanged (68 ± 8 vs 67 ± 8%, p = 0.3) after TVR. As expected, surgery reduced TR grade (median 3 vs 1.5), RVEDVi (174 ± 51 vs 109 ± 22ml/m2) and RV/LV ratio (2.9 ± 1.1 vs 1.7 ± 0.3, all p < 0.0001).

 TV surgery for Ebstein's anomaly clearly modulates known risk factors for adverse outcome and was associated with improved subjective and objective exercise tolerance early and mid-term after intervention. This may be due to the concurrent increase in cardiac index demonstrated by CMR and secondary to augmented LV end diastolic volume at a stable LVEF. These findings are suggestive of improved future freedom from MACE. But this needs testing including the degree to which the RVEF decline seen post-TVR mitigates potential benefits beyond symptoms. The improvement in VO2% continued for 5 years which indicates clinical improvement after TVR continues past the first year.
 Abstract 1162 Figure 1


The present invention provides a feedback method, apparatus and system of decoding an early stop. The way to do this is to the terminal side the control the transport format combination identifier (TFCI) bits after encoding and transmitting the TFCI bits after adjustment toward the base station (nodeB) via the TFCI domain of the up-up-dedicated physical control channel (DPCCH) (S302) and , wherein after the terminal side is transmitted toward the nodeB the TFCI bit after the control, feedback and that (S304) toward the nodeB through the downlink dedicated physical perform decoding operations on the data channel (DPCH), and decoding results for the idle TFCI domain of the uplink DPCCH It includes. According to the present invention can not be obtained, the TFCI in the decoding when the early stopping nodeB according to the related art as soon as the terminal side solve problems that can not feed back the downlink decoding result immediately and without adding a new chord root enough TFCI domain of DPCCH use, and it can save the transmission power of the terminal and at the same time reducing the number of times to attempt to decode early stopping of the subscriber station and the nodeB conserve decoding resources.


Using a sample for 1972-2002 with over 8,000 bank entries into local markets, we find a market share advantage for earlier entrants. In particular, the earlier a bank enters, the larger is its market share relative to other banks, controlling for firm, market and time effects, with a market share advantage for early movers between 8 and 12 percentage points, depending on the order of entry. This magnitude also varies according to the entry method used, being attenuated for banks that enter through mergers, as opposed to opening a branch or through a de novo charter. Branded entrants suffer a lower disadvantage relative to unbranded entrants. The market share advantage is diminished in markets with high population growth, presumably as new consumers in the market have yet to be locked in with a bank and face no switching costs. The results are stable over the period.


The utility model discloses a hazelnut peeling separator which comprises a peeling drum, a peeling roller, an arc sieve plate, a vibrating sieve, an air blower, a drive part and a rack and is characterized in that: a feed spiral plate is welded at a loading start end of the peeling roller; a peeling column is welded on the peeling roller; the vibrating sieve is obliquely arranged; scale sieve meshes are arranged on the sieve plate of the vibrating sieve; and a suction fan is arranged at the upper part of the rack and is connected with a suction cylinder. The hazelnut peeling separator disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of thorough peeling and good air separation effect, can classify hazelnuts, avoids empty shells and impurities in the peeled hazelnuts, realizes high processing efficiency that more than 1,000kg of hazelnuts can be processed per hour, and obviously improves the efficacy.


Alongside persisting and massive wealth inequalities, the ecological toll that human population growth and the economic appropriation of natural resources has taken on the sustainability of the myriad ecosystems essential to human survival is now the major threat to future health and human survival. With ecologists arguing that we have entered a new geologic era (the Anthropocene) in which our planet is shaped almost entirely by human activity, the greatest environmental threat is often considered to be climate change. But there are few of the ecological boundaries on which life depends that are not in crisis of being breached. The causes and the consequences of this looming health catastrophe are wholly inequitable: the wealthy benefit, the poor pay the price. There is some technological optimism on the horizon, but fundamentally the present excesses of human consumption and productions, and their misallocation globally, require a rapid reversal if the intent of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and the targets of the new Sustainable Development Goals are to have any chance of attainment.


Neutrinoless double-beta decay, if observed, would signal physics beyond the Standard Model that would be discovered at energies significantly lower than those at which the relevant degrees of freedom can be excited. Accurate nuclear structure calculation of the nuclear matrix elements (NME) necessary to analyze the decay rates could be helpful to narrow down the list of competing mechanisms, and to better identify the more exotic properties of the neutrinos. In this paper we present and analyze the status of the NME shell model calculations, and their relevance for discriminating the possible competing mechanisms that may contribute to the neutrinoless double-beta decay process.


Nano-silver (NS) is nanometer sized (similar to 2-5 nm) silver (Ag+) particles used in other applications as an antimicrobial material. A series of experiments were conducted to investigate effects of pulse and vase solution treatments with NS solutions on the vase lives of commercially important rose (Rosa hybrida), carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) and gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cut-flowers. Both pulse and vase solutions treatments with NS individually and/or in combination extended the vase lives of these three species. Moreover, NS treatments in combination with sugar further prolonged the vase lives of these cut-flowers. In vitro tests and microscope observations indicated that NS treatments inhibited the growth of microorganisms from cut carnation flower vase solution.


In the long-term process of social development,Japan abandoned "the trespass on rights" and constituted many cases according to the general clause of tort liability,in which the problems of interests worth protecting by law are solved,including claim infringement,sales right infringement,personality right interest infringement and status right infringement.These cases effectively fill the loopholes in law about infringement and solve issues that can not be regulated by specific clause in Japan.


The invention determines the presence or absence of the intruding object from the sound source generating unit and through the correlation between the sound signal obtained from the sound field changes measurement device and measuring the sound field of a certain space, by using the difference between the initially set the sound field and the changed sound field constant space It relates to a system and method for secure. According to the present invention the security system includes a field change measuring device that measures the sound generation device, a sound field formed by the sound source for generating a sound source, and compares the initial set up the sound field and the sound field measurement detects whether intrusion occurs. Sound, security, monitoring,


The paper researches the technology of detecting the solute Verdet constant separately based on the principle of Faraday Effect.The technology can eliminate the influence of the background rotation angle from the solvent and container,and get the relationship between the solute Verdet constant and it's concentration directly,so it can applied in solution concentration detection where it confains a single component or multiple components of paramagnetic or diamagnetic solute.The paper realizes to detect the solute Verdet constant separately by way of compensation for optical path,gets the relationship between the relative light intensity,and the magnetic rotation angle of the solute and analyzes the method of testing the solution concentration that contains one or more solutes.The technique can improve the detection sensitivity and eliminate the error factors,such as instability of the light source power and the light intensity absorption by using some methods such as magneto-optical modulation.It shows a good appliaction performane in the area of detecting solution concentration.


Cranial defects are often managed with cranioplasty, where synthetic substances are still extensively used despite the advantages of using biological materials. Among the complications of cranioplasty, skin defects with implant exposure are the most common, with a particularly high incidence when titanium mesh is used. This is a case report of a 32-year-old patient who underwent cranioplasty with titanium mesh. After 2 years, a forehead skin defect with mesh exposure occurred, onto which a latissimus dorsi free flap was applied without removing the mesh. Ten months later, the patient was consulted for another skin defect, and a second latissimus dorsi free flap was applied with near-total mesh removal. After 6 months, another cranioplasty with hydroxyapatite bone cement and flap modification was performed. Lastly, revision surgery with complete removal of the mesh remaining in the right eyebrow was executed after 1 year, and no major complications were seen during the 4 months of follow-up. Through this experience, we suggest that skin defects with mesh exposure need to be managed with total removal of the metal material, followed by cranioplasty using another material and appropriate soft tissue coverage over the reconstructed cranium.


It is one of the key measures to ensure the success issue of a collective bond of small and medium enterprise by increasing the credit of it.The present study made in this field shows that there are many defects as to the measures to increase the credit in our country,such as the too much depending on the collateral mode to increase credit;the lower level of marketization,and the inadequate operation of the internal measures to increase credit.In response to these problems,this paper puts forward some proposals and suggestions.


This paper is highlights plant leaf classification with the help of leaf image and its methods which can be used for plant leaf classification. A classification problem deals with associating a given input pattern with one of the distinct classes. Plant leaf classification is a technique, where leaf is classified based on its different morphological features. There are various successful classification methods like k-Nearest Neighbor Classifier, Probabilistic Neural Network and Genetic algorithm. Selection of an appropriate method for classification is often a difficult task because the quality of the results can be different for different input data. Plant leaf classifications have wide applications in various fields such as botany, Ayurveda, Agriculture etc.


This article shows that differentiating between good and bad inflation news is important to understanding how inflation affects stock market returns. Summing positive and negative inflation shocks as in previous studies tends to wash out or mute the effects of inflation news on stock returns. More specifically, we find that, depending on the economic state, positive and negative inflation shocks can produce a variety of stock market reactions. We conclude that the effect of inflation on stock returns is conditional on whether investors perceive inflation shocks as good or bad news in different economic states. (c) 2008 The Southern Finance Association and the Southwestern Finance Association.


Is now the time for 'Big Oil' to plunge into power? ask Booz & Company's Viren Doshi, Robert Oushoorn, Robert Famulok and Adrian Del Maestro.


A processing system, comprising a reactor vessel (2), wherein the chemical treatment of an aqueous solution of catalyst particles in solution in the container; the container (2) is connected to a fluid film (18), comprising a tubular filtration membranes, with entrapped in the particles entering through the surface of the film onto separate particles from the solution; and injected into the flow of air through the surface of the device, to prevent the membrane being blocked particles. A reaction vessel (2) containing a UV tube (3), a crude membrane device comprising a hole transport bubbler vent means for generating a flow of the gaseous medium of the piston on the entrance surface of the film.


It is evidenced that adolescents from divorced families are at greater risk of developing in depression. However, the mechanisms between parental divorce and depression remain unclear. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the relationships between parent-adolescent relationship (mother-adolescent relationship and father-adolescent relationship), school engagement, maladaptive coping, and depression among adolescents from divorced families in Malaysia.The respondents of the present study consisted of 480 secondary school students aged from 13 to 18 years old. They were located from Selangor, Kedah, Johor, and Pahang through multistage sampling technique. The revisited version of Inventory for Parent and Peer Attachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987) was used to measure parent-adolescent relationship. School Engagement Scale (Fredricks, Blumenfeld, & Paris, 2004) was used to measure school engagement. Brief COPE (Yusoff, Low, & Yip, 2010) was used to measure maladaptive coping. The Beck Youth Inventories – Depression Inventory (Beck, Beck, & Jolly, 2001) was used to measure depression. All instruments were tested for reliability and validity. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Science version 20.0 (SPSS) and Amos 18. All models were evaluated based on chi-square (χ2), non-normed fit index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI), root mean square error of estimation (RMSEA), and relative chi-square (χ2/df).The results of Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between mother-adolescent relationship, father-adolescent relationship, school engagement, maladaptive coping, and depression among adolescents. The measurement model was tested and displayed well fit to the data. Given the validated measurement model, structural model was developed and tested with the same sets of fit indices. The model was modified by reviewing the parameter estimates. Consequently, the final model revealed that maladaptive coping partially mediates the relationship between mother-adolescent relationship and depression. The result also revealed that father-adolescent relationship indirectly influence depression through maladaptive coping. Maladaptive coping fully mediates the relationship between father-adolescent relationship and depression. The current result also revealed that maladaptive coping partially mediates the relationship between school engagement and depression.The current findings highlight the significant role of family and school contexts in the development of depression among adolescents. Adolescents who failed to maintain close relationship with parents are more likely to employ maladaptive coping in handling stress, which will in turn increase the risk for them to develop in depression. Practically, divorced parents should maintain affectionate relationship with their adolescent-aged children, while educating them for better choice of coping strategy. On the other hand, adolescents who disengage from school are at greater risk to develop depression. Therefore, related authorities and schools should give more attention to students from divorced families; and closely monitor their commitment in school.


Objective:To clone and construct the prokaryotic expression vector of the TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand gene(amino acids 114~281).Methods:RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of health adult.A pair of primers with restriction site EcoR I/Xho I was designed.The extracellular domain region of TRAIL gene was amplified by RT-PCR and then cloned into the prokary-otic expression vector pGEX-6P-1.The recombinants were confirmed by EcoR I/Xho I digestion,PCR,and DNA sequencing.Result:The extracellular domain region with a molecular size of 501 bp of TRAIL gene was amplified successfully.DNA sequencing showed that the recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed.Conclusion:A prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-6P-1/TRAIL was con-structed successfully,which provides theory for tumor apoptosis research.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the intraoperative utility of ultrasonography in decompressing the posterior fossa in the Chiari type I malformation surgery CASE REPORT: An 11-year old male patient went to the neurosurgery service at Octavio de la Concepcion de la Pedraja University Pediatric Hospital in Holguin accompanied by his parents. They reported that approximately four months ago the child had lost acute consciousness, and he began with oppressive occipital headaches. Two months after the beginning of the first manifestations, he had involuntary movements in the legs, and difficulty swallowing solid foods. The physical examination showed fasciculations in the tongue, bilateral dysmetry at right predominance, dysdiadocokinesia, Romberg with lateralization to the right, osteotendinous reflexes increased to crural predominance, with right patellar clone and left ankle, right Babinski. Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull showed a decrease in cerebellar tonsils, through the great hole, and Chiari type I malformation was diagnosed. He underwent surgical treatment, decompression of the posterior fossa by craniectomy without duroplasty, supported by intraoperative ultrasound. The patient evolved favorably. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasound provided information on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation through the cranioespinal junction, which allowed the surgical team not to perform the dural opening and the patient had a satisfactory evolution.


Introduction: Paraneoplastic autoantibody screening of 150,000 patient sera by tissue‐based immunofluorescence incidentally revealed 170 with unsuspected signal recognition particle (SRP) immunoglobulin G (IgG), which is a recognized biomarker of autoimmune myopathy. Of the 77 patients with available information, 54 had myopathy. We describe the clinical/laboratory associations. Methods: Distinctive cytoplasm‐binding IgG (mouse tissue substrate) prompted western blot, enzyme‐linked immunoassay, and immunoprecipitation analyses. Available histories were reviewed. Results: The immunostaining pattern resembled rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mimicked Purkinje‐cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1 IgG/anti‐Yo. Immunoblotting revealed ribonucleoprotein reactivity. Recombinant antigens confirmed the following: SRP54 IgG specificity alone (17); SRP72 IgG specificity alone (3); both (32); or neither (2). Coexisting neural autoantibodies were identified in 28% (low titer). Electromyography revealed myopathy with fibrillation potentials; 78% of biopsies had active necrotizing myopathy with minimal inflammation, and 17% had inflammatory myopathy. Immunotherapy responsiveness was typically slow and incomplete, and relapses were frequent on withdrawal. Histologically confirmed cancers (17%) were primarily breast and hematologic, with some others. Conclusions: Autoimmune necrotizing SRP myopathy, both idiopathic and paraneoplastic, is underdiagnosed in neurological practice. Serological screening aids early diagnosis. Cancer surveillance and appropriate immunosuppressant therapy may improve outcome. Muscle Nerve 53: 925–932, 2016


When light is incident on a crystalline structure with appropriate periodicity some colors will be preferentially reflected. These photonic crystals and the structural color they generate represent an interesting method for creating reflective displays and drawing devices since they can achieve a continuous color response and do not require back lighting. Here we demonstrate a technique for creating erasable, high-resolution, color images using otherwise transparent inks on self-assembled photonic crystal substrates. Using inkjet printing we show the ability to infuse fine droplets of silicone oils into the crystal, locally swelling it and changing the reflected color.


To do a 3 steps polarized test sunglasses is simple and easy. Be safe from glares and have UV protection. How to know if glasses lenses works and worth it.


The International Planned Parenthood Federation funded a 3-year puppetry initiative by the Family Planning Sector through the Family Planning Associated Association of Kenya. It was launched in 1994 and aimed to fight AIDS by using the information, education, and communication strategy designed to reach men (the forgotten 50%). The strategy has been proven by the African Research and Education Puppetry Program to be a simple and entertaining approach in creating awareness of the causes and effects of HIV/AIDS through their ¿Puppets Against AIDS¿ programs. This article looks at how puppetry was introduced in Kenya, and the value of the puppets in conveying messages on sexually transmitted diseases and HIV/AIDS as well as other aspects of reproductive health. Specific emphasis is placed on the Kenya Community Health Awareness Puppets, a community-based organization that promotes reproductive health awareness though puppetry.


The importance of the land and land administration, is recognized globally and embedded in the United Nations, Sustainable Development Goals. Land administration is generally recognised as a critical success factor in economic growth, food security, natural conservation and poverty reduction. However, more than 70% of the countries in the world do not maintain complete and functional land administration systems. Conventional titling programs do not seem to have been


Multi-endpoint bioassay is a system for gathering information relative to the effects of newly synthesized chemicals and pollutants in the environment. To develop the multi-endpoint bioassay system, we estimated the effects of chemicals on growth ability (IC50), viability (LD50), stress protein induction, prion mutation, mitochondrial mutation, and chromosomal mutation using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. These endpoints showed characteristic values to 32 kinds of reference chemicals, and we classified the chemicals into seven groups according to the endpoints. We concluded that the yeast system has the potential to be a multi-endpoint bioassay relative to human health and the ecosystem in general.


Background: The primary purpose of the study was to examine the absorption of acetaminophen by measuring serum and saliva concentrations produced by a standard postoperative acetaminophen dosing regimen and secondary to examine the correlation between saliva and serum concentrations of acetaminophen after rectal and oral dosing.


A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism for 2,4,6-tri-nitrotoluene (TNT) has been developed to explore problems of explosive performance and soot formation during the destruction of munitions. The TNT mechanism treats only gas-phase reactions. Reactions for the decomposition of TNT and for the consumption of intermediate products formed from TNT are assembled based on information from the literature and on current understanding of aromatic chemistry. Thermodynamic properties of intermediate and radical species are estimated by group additivity. Reaction paths are developed based on similar paths for aromatic hydrocarbons. Reaction-rate constant expressions are estimated from the literature and from analogous reactions where the rate constants are available. The detailed reaction mechanism for TNT is added to existing reaction mechanisms for RDX and for hydrocarbons. Computed results show the effect of oxygen concentration on the amount of soot precursors that are formed in the combustion of RDX and TNT mixtures in N{sub 2}/O{sub 2} mixtures.


A kind of High-performance frequency selection radar cover, belong to stealth technology field, in order to solve the deficiency in design of single screen FSS structure in prior art and bilateral coated by dielectric FSS, double screen FSS is difficult to because complex structure technology difficulty is large the deficiency realizing FSS through engineering approaches, a kind of High-performance frequency selection radar cover stealthy for the weapons that fly is provided, this radome comprises former radome, first bond medium layer, ultralow dielectric dielectric layer, second cementing medium layer and flexible FSS thin layer, described first bond medium layer, ultralow dielectric dielectric layer, second cementing medium layer shaping with flexible FSS thin layer and from outside to inside laminated become FSS lining cover, described FSS serves as a contrast cap layer and closes in former radome inner surface, due to the honeycomb selected, foam medium all belongs to super light material, He Ne laser radome is not increased weight, structure is relatively simple, and larger design margin brings larger technique franchise, reduces technology difficulty, cycle and cost.


We present hydrodynamic simulations of the common envelope binary interaction between a giant star and a compact companion with an adaptive mesh refinement and a smooth particle hydrodynamics codes. These simulations mimic the parameters of one of the simulations by Passy et al., but start with a wider orbital separation to assess the influence of a larger initial orbital separation on the common envelope simulation outcome. We conclude that the post-common envelope separation is somewhat larger and the amount of unbound mass slightly greater when the initial separation is wide enough that the giant does not yet overflow or just overflows its Roche lobe. By setting our simulations in the context of those carried out in the past that contain at least one giant star, we conclude the following: the reason for the larger final orbital separation in simulations starting with a wider orbital separation has more to do with the expanded giant at the time of in-spiral and less to do with a larger amount of angular momentum. We also suggest that the large range in unbound mass for different simulations is difficult to explain and may have something to do with simulations that are not fully converged.


Cellular stress attenuates growth factor signaling through a phosphorylation event that blocks substrate access to the kinase complex mTORC2. No Access During Stressful Times Under conditions of cellular stress, cells tend to halt anabolic processes, such as cell growth and proliferation, to conserve resources. mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2), which mediates its effects through activation of the kinase Akt, is a key signaling complex that promotes anabolic processes. Chen et al. investigated the mechanisms by which mTORC2 activity is inhibited by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. They found that glycogen synthase kinase–3β (GSK-3β), which is activated by ER stress, phosphorylated rictor, a component of mTORC2 that helps to determine substrate specificity for the complex. This phosphorylation event decreased binding of Akt to mTORC2, resulting in reduced activation of Akt and cell proliferation. Furthermore, transformed cells expressing a mutant form of rictor lacking the GSK-3β phosphorylation site formed larger tumors in mice than did those expressing wild-type rictor or a rictor mutant that mimicked a constitutively phosphorylated form. These results define a pathway by which mTORC2 and Akt signaling can be attenuated by cellular stress and provide a potential therapeutic target for limiting cell proliferation (such as in cancer). In response to environmental cues, cells coordinate a balance between anabolic and catabolic pathways. In eukaryotes, growth factors promote anabolic processes and stimulate cell growth, proliferation, and survival through activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)–Akt pathway. Akt-mediated phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase–3β (GSK-3β) inhibits its enzymatic activity, thereby stimulating glycogen synthesis. We show that GSK-3β itself inhibits Akt by controlling the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), a key activating kinase for Akt. We found that during cellular stress, GSK-3β phosphorylated the mTORC2 component rictor at serine-1235, a modification that interfered with the binding of Akt to mTORC2. The inhibitory effect of GSK-3β on mTORC2-Akt signaling and cell proliferation was eliminated by blocking phosphorylation of rictor at serine-1235. Thus, in response to cellular stress, GSK-3β restrains mTORC2-Akt signaling by specifically phosphorylating rictor, thereby balancing the activities of GSK-3β and Akt, two opposing players in glucose metabolism.


Human error accounts for approximately 80% of Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) Part 121 aviation accidents in the United States. Of that 80%, 10% can be traced to human error in aviation maintenance. To combat this well- known and established challenge in the industry, the Federal Aviation Administration has provided air carriers with tools to assist in the tracking and reporting of potential safety violations specific to the maintenance environment; Safety Management Systems (SMS) and Maintenance Human Factors (MxHF) Training (AC 120-72A). In theory, these implements provide a well-rounded approach to managing safety and human error in aviation maintenance. However, cultural influences and other barriers (e.g., poor communication) often hamper successful use of such tools. The purpose of this research study was to determine if leveraging human capital through shared leadership and the promotion of hazard reporting via a Just Culture improved the likelihood of hazard reporting. To address the problem of insufficient reporting resulting from communication and cultural barriers a survey was conducted. It was found that the presence, real or perceived, of shared leadership and a Just Culture minimized these barriers and promoted safety hazard reporting. It was also found that the inclusion of a reporting system which addressed the presence of human error in an aviation maintenance environment, such as the REPAIRER method, further supported an SMS program when paired with Shared Leadership and a Just Culture environment.


Large repetitive patterns on the sea bed are commonly observed in sandy areas. The formation of the bed forms have been studied extensively in literature using linear stability analyses, commonly conducted analytically and with simplifications in the governing equations. This work presents a shallow water equation model that is used to numerically simulate the morphodynamics of the water-bed system. The model includes separate formulations for bed load and suspended load, featuring bed load correction due to a sloping bed and modelled helical flow effects. Horizontal gradients are computed with spectral accuracy, which proves highly efficient for the analysis. Numerical linear stability analysis is used to identify the likely emergence of dominant finite sized bed forms, as a function of governing parameters. These are then used for interpretation of the results of a long time morphological simulation.


A 151 km "WDM + EDFA" optical fiber transmission system with 8 channels and 2 EDFAs has been built for the first time in China. Some formulas are given to estimate the effect of optical signal power and ASE noise on BER, the power penalty caused by the Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) and the crosstalk due to the grating demultiplexer in optical amplified WDM systems with EDFAs. The calculation results are well agreed with experimental data. In addition, an 8-channel, optically amplified WDM system with regenerated transmission distance of 1208 km, an 8-channel, 240 km optically amplified WDM system and a 12-channel, 240 km optically amplified WDM system have been developed successively.


Goals of the research is to specify activity, possibility of using and application in linguistic system of sentences formed with the help of the given linguistic mean, by means of special conditional mood suffix examination. For achieving the given goals the following task have been presented to us: Substantiating continuity of language and thought by means of correlation of grammatical and logic-universal categories. Grammatical corrolation and logic categories brings to language and thought intercommunication. Applied variants connected with limitation (restriction) of human thoughts, are the motivation display, which connected to functional and pragmatic nature of language norm. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2698


In spite of the widespread interest in problems of vigilance and the relatively large number of vigilance studies, few attempts have been made to study the effects of practice. Although Buckner, et al. (1960) found that performance on a combined auditory discrimination vigilance task improves with repetition, no practice effects were noted for a similar task of visual monitoring. The primary purpose of the Buckner study, however, was to measure individual differences in monicoring ability. In another study, specifically designed to measure the effects of repeated and prolonged sessions, Webb and Wherry (1960) found no change in the detection of auditory signals. Their sample, however, consisted of only three Ss and the signal duration used was quite long (3 sec.). Not only have vigilance investigators consistently found that individuals differ widely in their monicoring ability, but also at least one investigator, Adams (1956), reported that detection probability over time is a direct function of signal duration. Since the Webb and Wherry results may well have been due to either one or both of these factors, it was felt desirable to repeat the Webb and Wherry study using a larger sample of Ss and a signal of shorter duration. METHOD Ss were 20 Army enlisted men undergoing military training at Fort Knox, Kentucky. The average age was 23 yr., and all were free of hearing defects as determined by Army medical standards. The signal was a brief interruption (.03 sec. as measured by a Hunter Klockounter) of a continuous white noise source presented to S over PDR-8 earphones. To prevent S from learning a particular schedule, two different aperiodic signal schedules were used. In the two schedules, the intersignal intervals ranged from 45 to 600 and from 32 to 360 sec. In both schedules, the intersignal intervals were randomized by means of a table of random numbers. Both schedules, however, had the same mean, over-all intersignal interval of 2.5 min. White noise was provided by a Grayson-Stadler noise generator (Model 455B). The sound level was 44 db above the average threshold for 10 staff military Ss. The signals, interruptions in the white noise, were made by a Gerbrands variable interval programmer using punched-paper tape and a simple 24-v d.c. relay timing circuit. Ss' signal detections were recorded on a model AW voltage type Esterline-Angus operations recorder. Each S monitored the noise from an individual isolated room for 30 min. in the morning (0800-0930) and 90 min. in the afternoon (1300-1430) for five successive


Britain's eighteenth-centurymasquerades were a substantial component of society, since they were"asocialphenomenonofexpansiveproportions"(Castle1986,2)andtherefore,gainedhuge popularitywithin the sociocultural sphereof the eighteenth century. Nonetheless, masquerades were not exclusively held for pure leisure. They created an unrestricted scope, where social boundaries and limitations were temporarily subsumed: "It produced a kind of comic enlightenment, imparting knowledge about the real world while giving access to a numinous realm ofdreamandtaboo"(Castle1986,87).Especially forwomen, themasqueradewasaplace inwhich they were able to resist societal boundaries and "had the unprecedented right to start random conversationwith an unknownmanwithout necessarily ruining their reputation" (Castle 1986, 34). Therefore,masqueradesallowed interchangeability of all kinds, throughwhichwomen formed new identities, whichwill be demonstrated in two works by Eliza Haywood.


This study investigates phonological characteristics of Korean monolingual children with phonological disorders (PD), using data from 13 children aged 3.6 to 5.9, and compares the analyses of single-word productions (SW) to those of conversational speech (CS). Phonological analyses include overall percentage of consonants correct (PCC), individual phoneme accuracy, and phonological error patterns. Results indicate that children with PD have persistent difficulty with affricates, fricatives, and the liquid /l/. Overall consonant accuracy tends to be greater in CS than SW. Phonological errors that may be explained by language-specific phonological and phonetic properties of Korean are noted.


Four different methods were compared to determine the carotinoids with high performance liquid chromatography.The optimal method was selected,which adopted Nova pak C 18 (3 9 mm×300 mm)column and acetonitrile∶trichloromethane(92∶8) mobile phase.The contents of α carotene and β carotene in carrots,pumpkins and kales were determined by this method.


A water management plan helps to organize, manage, use, protect, restore and conserve the resource, aimed at sustainable development, in order to find a balance of its use among agents involved in a specific hydrographic unit. This paper presents a proposed water management plan, based on the analysis and characterization of the current situation of hydro-socioeconomicenvironmental systems, found in the lower area of sub-basin Armeria river in Colima, Mexico, by means of a base line and the identification of the origin of externalities. This is intended to be the basis for the creation of a committee to help coordinate, implement and evaluate the actions considered in this proposal.


The city of Frisco, Tex., published state plane coordinates were "ground scaled" into surface coordinates for the purpose of establishing a hybrid coordinate system to be easily used by surveyors. Nineteen city monuments were found and collected by GPS observation using real-time kinematic (RTK) connected to the Texas RTK Cooperative Network. The network creates a virtual reference station near the GPS roving receiver, allowing the surveyor to use the rover unit by itself without the need for setting up a base station on the project site. Using a GPS manufacturer's standard protocol, localizing ground-scaled GPS vectors to the city's hybrid values yielded acceptable horizontal (H) and vertical (V) residuals over a 233 km2 network. Two out of 19 monuments observed explained maximum residual error ( H=0.029 m , V=0.082 m ) with no significant differences in the mean ΔN and ΔE between published grid, hybrid, and surface coordinates (P=0.77) . This paper will illustrate and discuss the procedures and results ...


ABSTRACT Crises brought about by COVID-19 have provided us with a key set of observations about global power in an era where international relations scholars are close to coming to a consensus in acknowledging the decline of Western and specifically American hegemony. This paper adopts a decolonial approach to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on international politics. It argues that throughout much of the Western world, COVID-19 has marked one of the first unexpected encounters with death that populations have faced since World War II and the pre-poliomyelitis vaccine era. As a result, global health policies mandated by the WHO have been articulated in favour of the West. Statistical analysis of death tolls brought about by COVID-19, numerous other infectious diseases and viruses along with associated geographic patterns reveal that quarantine and lockdown policies were carried out at the expense and wellbeing of much of the developing world. Contrary to popular contemporary arguments that contend the international liberal order is in decline, the emergence of COVID-19 and subsequent global health policy responses have demonstrated that Western hegemony and soft power are still salient.


Four comparative studies of the elderly population of the cities of New York and London are reviewed. Health problems in this age group occur with similar frequency but the services offered for them differ in each city. The methods used in these studies for assessment of elderly patients are described.


We investigated the mechanism of mass transfer during DC electropolishing of a tungsten wire in 2M KOH electrolyte solution. It appears that a viscous layer formed by the products of electrochemical reaction on anode surface has distinguishable optical and physicochemical properties. The viscous fluid flow is initiated by formation and detaching of a small droplet at the wire tip. Therefore, according to Tate's law, effects of surface tension and gravitational forces exerted on the film are comparable. Using high speed flow imaging, we estimated the density of this layer as 3 / 1075 m kg   and its interfacial tension as m N / 10 82 . 5 6     .


A. A S C I S M " is A B A N A L T E R M . It is used most often not simply to refer to the historical events that took place in Hider 's Germany and Mussolini 's Italy, but also to condemn attitudes or behaviour that we consider to be excessively autocratic or domineering. 1 Speaking i n the mid-1970s, M iche l Foucault referred to the popularized use of the term "fascism" as "a general complicity i n the refusal to decipher what fascism really was." The non-analysis o f fascism, Foucault goes on, is "one of the important political facts of the past thirty years. It enables fascism to be used as a floating signifier, whose function is essentially that of denunciat i on " ("Power and Strategies" 139). In this essay, I attempt to study this—what amounts to a col lect ive—"denunciat ion" of fascism by examining not only what is being denounced but also the major conceptual paths through which denunciat ion is produced. My argument is hence not exacdy one that avoids the "floatingness" of "fascism" by grounding it i n a particular time or space. Instead, I take fascism as a commonplace, in the many ways it is used to indicate what is deemed questionable and unacceptable. In the process, I highlight what I think is fascism's most significant but often neglected aspect—what I wi l l refer to as its technologized idealism. In my argument, fascism is not


Objective. Within the context of a population based-birthcohort, we investigated the association between breastfeedingand development of asthma and atopy in childhood. Methods. Children (n=1072) were followed from birth andreviewed at age one, three, five and eight years. Based on theonset and resolution of symptoms, we assigned children intothe wheeze phenotypes (never, transient, intermittent, lateonsetand persistent). Atopy was determined by skin testingand specific IgE measurement. According to the duration ofbreastfeeding, participants were assigned as not breastfed,breastfed ≤ four months and breastfed > four months. Results. In a multinomial regression model adjusted for gender,we found that breastfeeding > four months was protective of transient early wheeze (aOR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.90, p=0.01),with no significant association between breastfeeding andother wheeze phenotypes. In a multivariate model, we founda significant protective effect of breastfeeding >four monthson doctor-diagnosed asthma by age eight (aOR 0.59, 95%CI 0.39-0.88, p=0.01). However, we observed a strong trendwhich failed to reach statistical significance for breastfeeding>four months to increase the risk of atopy at age one year(aOR 2.41, 95% CI 0.94-6.14, p=0.07). There was no significantassociation between breastfeeding and atopy at any othertime point. Conclusion. Breastfeeding may prevent viral-infectioninduced wheezing illnesses in early childhood (transientearly wheezing).


KRAS mutations are the most common oncogenic mutations in lung adenocarcinoma in Black Americans. Polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors (PCAIs) constitute a group of cancer therapy agents designed to specifically disrupt and suppress hyperactive G protein signaling, such as that triggered by RAS mutations. Here we determine the effects of PCAIs on the viability, G-proteins levels, downstream mediators, and apoptosis-related proteins on the KRAS-mutant, Black American-derived lung adenocarcinoma cell line, NCI-H23. Of the 17 PCAIs tested, compounds NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46 showed the most potency with EC50 values of 2.7 and 3.3 µM, respectively. To determine the effect of the PCAIs on the levels of Mitogen-Activated Pathway Kinase (MAPK)-related enzymes, western blot analysis was performed. After 48 hours exposure to 5 μM of the compounds, 57 to 150% increases of BRAF, ERK1/2, MEK1/2, and p90RSK phosphorylation along with a 60 to 78% decrease of pCRAF were observed, indicating significant disruptions in RAS signaling. Furthermore, 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-27 depleted the singly polyisoprenylated monomeric G-proteins RAC 1/2/3 and CDC42 by 77 and 76%, respectively. The depletion of these key cytoskeletal proteins may account for the observed 52 and 42% reduction in cell migration after 24 h exposure to NSL-YHJ-2-27 and NSL-YHJ-2-46, respectively. Western blot analysis was used to determine the effect PCAIs on caspase activation necessary for the initiation of apoptosis. After treatment with 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-27, full-length inactive caspase 3 and 7 levels dropped by 72 and 60%, while cleaved active caspase 3 and 7 levels increased by 274 and 130%, respectively. Treatment with 5 μM of NSL-YHJ-2-46 depleted full-length caspase 7 by 53% and increased cleaved active caspase 3 levels by 83%. These findings clearly show the direct effects of the PCAIs on the RAS signaling pathway, perhaps through the activation of proapoptotic isoforms of p90RSK. These results support the potential use of the PCAIs to serve as targeted therapies in cancers harboring RAS mutations.
 Citation Format: Matthew D. Gregory, Pablo E. Puente, Nadine L. Belony, Jassy Mary S. Lazarte, Nada Tawfeeq, Yong Huang, Ite A. Offringa, Nazarius S. Lamango. Treatment of a Black American lung cancer cell line harboring KRAS mutations with polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors reveals effects on the MAP kinase signaling pathway, cell migration and apoptosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C022.


One of the most representative symbolic element of The University of the Andes is its emblem; which was designed in the mid of the XIX century and its birth is attributed to Jose Francisco Mas y Rubi, who was the headmaster during the periods 1846-1849, 1849-1852 and 1866- 1869. The current crest of our Alma Mater, with some modifications, originates from that one and, despite its significance and importance from a symbolic and historical point of view, has barely been studied. In this article we will address the topic of the emblem of our University in a general manner and we will propose the hypothesis (based on the documentation of the Historical Archive) that its author was the journalist, professor, writer, civil servant —and also artist— Miguel Nicandro Guerrero.


In order to avoid the easy occurence of "premature" phenomena in the simple genetic algorithm and to improve the algorithm precision,the original group can be differentiated into several subgroups with the group dispersion degrees as the judgement scales in the evolution process of reactive power optimization.The concept of pseudo-parallel genetic algorithm is introduced in carrying out the genetic operations such as selection, crossing and mutation of each sub-group independently.After the completion of genetic operation of each generation,the favorable information can inter-disseminate with each other,whereby making each sub-group evolve toward the optimal direction.Through testing IEEE 14-node system,this paper deals with the rationality and feasibility of the model and algorithm adopted.


Background and Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction is a common sensory disorder, but there are currently no standard diagnostics or therapeutic methods. We analyzed the effects of systemic steroid therapy in patients with olfactory dysfunction. Materials and Method: We analyzed patients who visited our ENT department with olfactory dysfunction for 3 years. We reviewed their charts and classified the patients according to age, sex, etiology of olfactory dysfunction, degrees of olfactory dysfunction and the effect of systemic steroid therapy. Results: The mean age was 44.3 years old and there were 50 males and 55 females; 55 patients had inflammatory disease and 50 patients had non-inflammatory disease. The distribution of degrees of olfactory disorder according to cause was not signifi cantly different (p=0.120). In 105 patients, 20% experienced improvements after systemic steroid therapy, and the response of systemic steroid therapy was better among patients with inflammatory causes. In cases of inflammatory disease, there was a larger amount of severe hyposmia patients, and their response to systemic steroid therapy was significant (p =0.015). Patients with mild and moderate hyposmia were more responsive to systemic steroid therapy than patients with severe hyposmia (p=0.382). Conclusion: In cases of hyposmia due to inflammatory disease, systemic steroid therapy with proper operative management may increase therapeutic effects.


Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) are a relatively new class of medications used for the management of type II diabetes mellitus targeting the kidneys. Within the last decade, several warnings have been issued regarding the development of severe genitourinary infections, including necrotizing fasciitis, or Fournier's gangrene, in those with pre-existing type II diabetes and concomitant use of this drug class. Objective: The purpose of this review is to highlight and discuss the factors contributing to the development of Fournier's gangrene, its pathogenesis, and a review of existing literature describing patient outcomes, treatment, and future directions regarding early detection of this complication. Methods: Articles and studies addressing effective treatment adherence and key factors contributing to Fournier's gangrene with SGLT2 inhibitors were identified by effective keyword searches in PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Cochrane, as well as the references found within these articles. Results: Using the keywords provided, 55 case reports, review articles, and meta-analysis reports written within the last 20 years were utilized as the source of the data presented in this systematic review article.


It is of great significance for accurate and fast magnetic measurement of high magneto-crystalline anisotropy film materials. In this paper, an surface magneto-optical Kerr effect automatic measurement system based on LabVIEW is designed according to the practical requirements of hysteresis loop measurement of magnetic films. The system takes the SR830 lock-in amplifier as core, combined with virtual instrument technology and correlative detection technology, which achieves the effective measurement of the weak Kerr signal of $Ni_{80} Fe_{20}$ soft magnetic film material under strong noise environment, and automatically draws its hysteresis loop. The measurement system has high resolution, high output signal-to-noise ratio, high automation, and has good application value.


Over recent years, there has been increasing attention given to the possibility of arbitration of public company shareholder disputes based on an arbitration clause in the company's constitution. This article discusses two of the key issues relating to the arbitration of such disputes: the enforcement of an arbitration clause in the constitution of a public company and the arbitrability of various kinds of public company shareholder disputes.


As modeling and simulation becomes a more important part of the day-to-day activities in industry and government, organizations are being faced with the vexing problem of how to integrate a growing suite of heterogeneous models both within their own organizations and between organizations. The Argonne National Laboratory, which is operated by the University of Chicago for the United States Department of Energy, has developed the Dynamic Information Architecture System (DIAS) to address such problems. DIAS is an object-oriented, subject domain independent framework that is used to integrate legacy or custom-built models and applications. In this paper we will give an overview of the features of DIAS and give examples of how it has been used to integrate models in a number of applications. We shall also describe some of the key supporting DIAS tools that provide seamless interoperability between models and applications.


In this paper, a reliable routing protocol for underwater acoustic sensor networks is proposed, which uses both the information of position and residual energy of intermediate node to make decision of data forwarding. Compared to previous vector-based routing protocol, evenly energy consumption and more reliable data transmission are provided.


A number of psychological variables bearing on the process of adjustment to acquired visual loss are examined conceptually and empirically in an attempt to clarify their relationships and to develop a testable model of adjustment which might enable rehabilitation specialists to identify clients with special problems, evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs, and determine the role of psychological factors in the context of skill acquisition. The model presented offers an alternative to existing psychodynamic models in that it is in principle a testable one. Preliminary analysis of data has resulted in the devising of a questionnaire tentatively called the Nottingham Adjustment Scale, which practitioners and researchers are encouraged to use.


We researched the mechanism not based on the traditional thermodynamics effect but on the microscopic origin of nonlinear effect for the fully consideration of the correlation of the e-beam irradiation electro-field and the properties of nonlinear material BBO(β-BaB2O4).By resorting to quantum chemical methods and finite field method the first-order hyperpolarizability β was calculated.According to the results we analyzed the influence of different irradiation conditions on the nonlinear coefficient of BBO crystals.The results show that when the energy of electron beam is less than 400Mev with the current of 50μA,βav basically remains unchanged and the largest fluctuation is only 3%.But after this,βav begins to decline sharply.The higher the energy is,the faster the decline is.When the energy is 420Mev,βav decreases 10%,and the material has a trend of being damaged.The results also show that the influence of the irradiation electric field on the three components is not uniform.With the increase of irradiation energy,x and y components show a decreasing trend,but z component increases rapidly,indicating that the π-conjugated orbits may have been destroyed.


We present a new approach to remote infrared temperature measurements over mid to long standoff ranges in varying atmospheric conditions. The sensor is intended for remote triage applications where direct access to victims may be hazardous or otherwise impossible. Our system employs a small reflector telescope followed by a series of interference filters which form spatially identical but spectrally separated images on two miniature uncooled microbolometer focal plane arrays. On a pixel by pixel basis, we algebraically combine and normalize the two images. By carefully selecting the spectral passbands of the two images, the mathematical process yields a result that is substantially free of errors caused by humidity, rain, light fog, and atmospheric carbon dioxide. The package measures 6 x 6 x 18-inches and weighs 6 lbs. We have also added an on-axis miniature visible imager to the system and present the user with a fused visible/infrared image with user-defined transparency levels. The visible/infrared combination provides good spatial resolution at large distances and ease of pointing along with the accurate temperature measurement across the field of view.