As recently as four decades ago, few members of the Society for Range Management (SRM) could have accurately predicted the priority rangeland issues of 1990. Most agreed that the growing global demand for food would continue to drive rangeland management decisions. We were working long and hard to improve our rangeland resources. Efforts were directed toward increased forage production. Indirect benefits were only a secondary consideration. Economists were invaluable in helping prioritize our expenditures. Three years after the SRM was formed in 1946, AIdo Leopold published his environmental classic, A Sand County Almanac. At that time, few people shared Leopold's conviction. We did not deny the author's truth; rather we were disciples of a different philosophy, striving to achieve production goals. Today Leopold's "land ethic" has awakened our social and political consciousness.


Multifocal osteosarcoma with unique patho‐biological features in a 23‐year‐old white male is reported. The natural history and classification of multiple osteosarcomas are reviewed. A proposal is presented for evaluation of the multicentric origin in future cases.


Though a lot of video quality assessment (VQA) models have been researched, most of them are lack of a recognized video quality assessment database, especially for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoded video transmit on Long Term Evolution (LTE) system. On the one hand, HEVC video coding technology is rapidly growing in popularity, thus, it needs to build a new VQA model for HEVC; on the other hand, the LTE system is more popular than other communicate systems currently, as well as, different channels of mobile communication system has different effects on video, therefore, it is necessary to damage video over LTE channel. To achieve that, this paper combines the Gilbert model with LTE system to damage HEVC video, and assesses the quality of deterioration video by the method of Single Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation(SSCQE). Finally, building HEVC video quality assessment database over LTE systems.


The article looks at alternative ways of reforming property relations in Russia`s transition economy. It also emphasizes the necessity of taking the reformation of Russia out into the track of humankind moving towards a new, post-industrial civilization.


Abstract In this paper we study the multifractal spectrum of Lyapunov exponents for interval maps with infinitely many branches and a parabolic fixed point. It turns out that, in strong contrast with the hyperbolic case, the domain of the spectrum is unbounded and points of non-differentiability might exist. Moreover, the spectrum is not concave. We establish conditions that ensure the existence of inflection points. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that conditions of this type have been given. We also study the thermodynamic formalism for such maps. We prove that the pressure function is real analytic in a certain interval and then becomes equal to zero. We also discuss the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium measures. In order to do so, we introduce a family of countable Markov shifts that can be thought of as a generalization of the renewal shift.


Domestic factors especially national identities of a Nation State influence its foreign policy by distinguishing that country's perception of "self" from that of "others". By employing the case study of India, this paper assesses the way India perceives its national identities and the resultant effects on its foreign policies towards South Asia. The paper assesses that in India, its peculiar political construct superimposed by British colonizers and multiple ethno-religious groups stacked together under a Hindutva-inspired political system serve as an aberration from the evolution of indexical "self" of different nationalities in that country. Accordingly, India's national identity formation is premised on "exclusion" and it attempts to overcome this challenge through externalization of its internal problems towards neighbourhood.


Based on the configuration of traditional triangle bandpass filter,a new dual-mode bandpass filter using an isosceles triangle patch resonator with slot is presented in this article.The isosceles triangular patch resonator has a T-shaped slot in it,and its parameters are optimized.The optimized filter has two zero-transmission points on both sides of the pass-band so as to improve its rejecting ability of stopband.Also the structure of the filter is miniaturized.Simulation of the presented filter found that the central frequency of its pass-band is at 5GHz.It is confirmed that the experiment is in good agreement with simulated results.


In 3D games, bump mapping is an efficient way to provide high-resolution bumpy lighting features in textures using only low-resolution meshes during runtime. This paper developed two 3D games based on Unity3D and Direct3D using normal mapping, which is a typical one among bump mapping methods. In particular, dynamic objects in 3D games require tangent space normal mapping, which requires much computation per vertex. The performance of dynamic and static objects with or without normal mapping in 3D games is analyzed using various screen resolutions as well as eight simulation models in terms of the rendering speed like frames per second (FPS). The rendering speeds of the models Gu and Gd on Unity3D and Direct3D based games, where using normal mapping to all objects among the eight simulation models, can be improved by up to 79.7% and 19.2%, respectively, compared with the models Bu and Bd without normal mapping. The tangent space normal mapping on both dynamic and static objects in 3D games has a large effect on rendering speed.


The partial pressures of Si(g), B(g), BSi(g), BSi2(g), and BSi3(g) were measured over the condensed phase mixtures silicon + silver and silicon + germanium + silicon nitride + silver, contained in boron nitride Knudsen cells. The thermal functions were calculated for the B−Si gaseous species, and the atomization enthalpies ΔatomH°m (in kJ·mol -1) were deduced as 312 ± 12 (BSi), 767 ± 18 (BSi2), and 1199 ± 28 (BSi3) at T = 0 K; and 317 ± 12 (BSi), 777 ± 18 (BSi2), and 1214 ± 28 (BSi3) at T = 298.15 K. These values in combination with enthalpies of formation of Si(g) and B(g) yielded enthalpies of formation ΔfH°m (at T = 298.15 K; in kJ·mol -1):  698 ± 14 (BSi), 688 ± 20 (BSi2), and 701 ± 31 (BSi3).


In this paper, we are giving MATLAB program to find the energy a nd Wiener index of unit graphs. Our program demonstrates an intrinsic relationship between the elements of ring and structural properties of graphs. The unit grap h G(Zn) turns out to be strongly regular when n = 2 k . Several new directions for further research are also indic ated by means of raising problems.


Modular multilevel converter (MMC) based High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (HVDC) has been developing rapidly in the fields of wind new energy integration and AC grid asynchronous interconnection. The AC side impedance modeling of MMC is an important basis for analyzing the stability of MMC-HVDC system and its interconnection system. Firstly, the harmonic distribution in MMC is analyzed. Then based on the harmonic linearization principle, considering the current inner loop control, DC voltage outer loop control, power outer loop control and circulating current control, this paper proposes a building modular multilevel converter small signal impedance model method. Finally, the MMC simulation model is established in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment and the accuracy of the proposed model is verified and the influence of different control mode on impedance characteristics of MMC is analyzed.


AIM: To explore the influence of IFN-γ on the role of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in inducing apoptosis of RKO cell line. METHODS: Survival fraction and apoptosis were measured by MTT method and flow cytometry (FACS). RESULTS: Survival fraction of IFN-γ group, TRAIL and IFN-γ 72 h+TRAIL group were 99.28%, 85.45%, 52.60%, respectively. The percentage of apoptotic cells of IFN-γ group, TRAIL group, IFN-γ 24 h+TRAIL group, IFN-γ 48 h+TRAIL and IFN-γ 72 h+TRAIL group were 1.51%, 2.38%, 4.97%, 13.30%, 21.00%, respectively. The percentage of apoptotic cells of IFN-γ 24 h+TRAIL group was higher than the sum of IFN-γ group and TRAIL group (P0.01). The longer the IFN-γ pretreated, the higher the percentage of apoptotic cells was observed (P0.01). CONCLUSION: IFN-γ can reinforce the effect of TRAIL inducing apoptosis in RKO.


Designing school settings that provide a satisfying experience of nature and enhance well-being could be advantageous for children and teachers, though in cold climates prolonged periods of precipitation, restricted sunshine and low temperatures represent non-ideal conditions for fostering a connection with nature. This paper reviews research into the relationships between principles of biophilic design and well-being, with specific consideration for learning environments in cold climates. Children spend more time in school than any other place, except the home, and most of their learning activities occur indoors. Given the large portion of the day children and teachers spend within the built environment, an architect's perspective investigates these relationships. The paper examines the concepts and research findings that appear to offer the greatest potential for future architectural applications in children's learning environments. It also identifies gaps in biophilic design strategies in relation to schools and the importance of considering climatic conditions to create satisfying experiences of nature within the built environment. If biophilic design research is to lead to healthier, more comfortable school settings that present a greater connection between learning spaces and the natural environment, then to identify and define beneficial guidelines that translate readily into architecture is essential.


The role of the school library has been of renewed interest after the introduction of the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) (DES, 1989; The Library Association, 1986 a,b,c; Heeks, 1988; Pain‐Lewis et al., 1988; Phtiaka, 1991, 1992, 1993; Webb, 1987; Waite, 1988), but the perspective has in the main been that of the librarian or the teacher. With few exceptions (Shilling & Cousins, 1990, Phtiaka, 1993b) the pupils' views are not represented in the literature, and yet they are of major interest, particularly in the post‐GCSE era which encourages resource based pupil enquiry. This paper attempts to redress the balance by giving tenth and eleventh year pupils a voice, and exploring their thinking on school and public libraries. Based on pupil interviews and diaries from a secondary school case study, it shows how pupils are discouraged from using the school library due to factors associated with the library itself and the wider school system. It also indicates how they learn to take advantage ...


During the last decade, a large amount of data has been collected for a field development project, located in a challenging geological area, deepwater offshore West Africa. It was necessary to create a database including these different data types, which represents the purpose of the work presented here. In order to integrate, visualize and query this database for the project needs (geohazard assessment, layout optimisation, etc), ESRI ArcGIS was selected as the appropriate analysis tool. The aim of this paper is twofold: to explain how the data was organized into an efficient GIS project and to highlight its principal applications. Firstly, the GIS project is organized into several thematic geodatabases. Each geodatabase corresponds to a field survey and its internal organization resulted from a complex approach. A geodatabase includes several feature datasets, which, in turn are composed of multiple feature classes. An attribute table with enhanced information was created for every data type. This offers a solution for data query using spatial analysis and map algebra. Secondly, the data visualization and integration allows the identification of possible geohazards and, further, their possible impact on the field development. The advantage of this GIS project is that it can be used in all the steps of the field development. This can help decision making related to the optimization of the field layout and the definition of targets for future site investigations. Moreover, the interface being user-friendly; it can be manipulated even by non-specialist project users. In conclusion, this GIS project is being considered as a reference for future projects dealing with wide diversity and large amount of data. Introduction During the last decades, oil and gas industry targets moved from shallow to deepwater challenging environments. Consequently, the planned infrastructures are often located in geohazard-prone areas. This is the case of the study area, located on the continental slope offshore West Africa. In order for the seabed and sub-seabed field infrastructures to be safely installed in this complex geological environment, desk top studies, various reconnaissance surveys and specific studies have been performed over a period of 10 years. Consequently, the associated large amount of data provided by different contractors needed to be integrated and visualized, taking into account the variable data formats and geodetic parameters. The Geographic Information System (GIS) globally recognized as the most efficient tool for data compilation, organization, management and integration (Noll IV et al., 2010; Varnell et al., 2010; Turner and Bell, 2010) was selected as the appropriate tool for this study. Figure 1 portrays a typical programme of an offshore development and the relationship between data gathering and GIS construction.


The following papers are a collection of selected theoretical works in progress and interviews about asemic writing, vispo and concrete poetry, some of which have already appeared on journals, reviews and dedicated websites. Full portfolios on my homepage. I. Asemic Phenomenology Federico Federici in Asemic Writing, Studi e scritture di Poesia Visiva Sperimentale n.1, curated by Francesco Aprile and Cristiano Caggiula, Archimuseo Adriano Accattino, Ivrea 2018. Asemic writing points to a gradual weakening of the correlation between sign and meaning or, within the language of Biology, to contradict the 'form follows function' statement. Any textual hermeneutics based on an archaeological approach (restoration of a minimum set of alphabet signs from fragmented subsets, recovery of the original syntax from noisy communication channels etc.) would hopelessly fail. The reason for this failure is programmatic. The flux of symbols does not tend to intercept and duplicate encrypted information. It works around the uniqueness of each code by blending familiar patterns out of context, devising new ones or introducing modifications. This is one of the most subversive traits, legitimizing the paradox of asemic communication. There is no recognisable genome, nor any implicit one accepted by the community. Each text, regardless of its extent, embodies the highest expression of a unique and obscure language, which constitutes its stimulus and essence. This powerful, iconic synthesis absorbs all the traditional phonic elements, turning the act of reading into a pure visual experience, contemplative, even where the persuasive sequence of figures on the page seems to encourage the recovery of possible narrative dynamics, such as in The Giant's Fence1 or Action Figures2 by Michael Jacobson. Each asemic form is not a statement in itself. It's rather an unaussprechbare Aussage, triggering the interpretive schemes of the subconscious, making the idea of an a priori meaning redundant. Reading no longer consists of two contiguous but distinct phases, namely decoding and interpreting; it becomes a unique and creative activity, acted upon the free surface the text, drawing from unknown resources. The psychological effects of brief asemic activities, stimulated in individuals with schizophrenia and alexithymia, have recently been investigated3. The comparative analysis of the writings, together with the observation reports, provide documentary evidence of temporary improvements in mood and of an increased awareness of the emotional dimension, notwithstanding the onset of mild stress symptoms, following the practice requested on a daily basis. The old semiotic triangle (signified signifier referent) narrows to one vertex, that of the signifier, abandoning the sign to its formal solitude and dramatically increasing


The paper introduces the design practice in Nankang 2nd Water Plant Project and discusses some issues relating to the water plant design.


University management by professors is a kind of traditional managing mode and concept.It came into being in the middle ages universities.Its basic connotation did not change all through about one thousand years, which was decided by the essence of universities,though it had different patterns and extents in different periods.The weakening and alienation of the tradition in modern times urge us to grasp its connotation,analyze its existence and legitimacy and limitation of its reform.Only by doing so can we better inherit the tradition in modern universities.


Smoke catastrophic events caused by land and forest fires in Riau Province has become a very worrying problem, this situation is like an annual agenda for the people of Riau province that has been exposed to smoke on a regular basis over the last 17 years ie since 1997. Disaster smoke in the Riau Province The background background by burning peat. If the result of fires and peat continued every year, then in the next five years remaining natural forests of Riau only <20%. Event of forest fire occurrence is not the least because of the element of intent, with a view to the opening of oil palm plantations, forest plantations, transmigration and so forth. However, to date, no environmental criminal law enforcement operate effectively even cases of forest fires and land each year show an increase in numbers. The purpose of this thesis, namely: First, to determine the implementation of environmental criminal enforcement by the Directorate of Criminal Investigation Special Riau Police against the perpetrators of forest and land fires. Second, to determine the constraints faced by the Directorate of Criminal Investigation Special Riau Police in environmental criminal enforcement against perpetrators of forest and land fires, and third, to find out the efforts made by the Special Criminal Investigation Directorate Riau Police to overcome obstacles in the enforcement of criminal law environment against the perpetrators of forest and land fires. This type of research is classified in legal studies is defined sociological look at the effectiveness of the law in force to see the correlation between the legal community. From the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the First, implementation of environmental criminal enforcement by the Directorate of Criminal Investigation Special Riau Police against the perpetrators of forest and land fires is done by means of preventive and repressive, Second, constraints faced by the Directorate of Criminal Investigation Special Police in Riau environmental criminal enforcement against perpetrators of forest and land fires are internal constraints and external constraints, and the efforts made by the Third Special Criminal Investigation Directorate Riau Police to overcome the obstacles in environmental criminal enforcement against perpetrators of forest and land fires is to maximize internal factors and externally owned by the Directorate of Criminal Investigation Special Riau Police. Keywords: Law Enforcement - Criminal Environment - Land and Forest Fire


Designing efficient dryers and achieving efficient drying processes are two key issues from an industrial point of view. A 3-step methodology is proposed to help engineers and industrials to better understand the real critical parameters of a specific dehydration process. The first step implies carrying out experimental drying kinetics and modeling of experimental data. The second step uses general linear equations to extend the drying kinetics to the whole studied domain. Finally, an ortogonal array based simulation (Taguchi approach) is use to reduce the effect of the variation of the process and product parameters on the process performance.


The invention belongs to the field of greenhouse environment facilities and particularly relates to a solar greenhouse local cooling system and a cooling method based thereon. The system comprises an air cooler, a pipeline system and a lifting system; the air cooler is mounted on the outer side of a rear wall of a greenhouse, and the pipeline system and the lifting system are arranged in the solar greenhouse; a main pipeline of the pipeline system is connected to an air outlet of the air cooler, and a plurality of horizontal branch pipelines of the pipeline system are connected to the main pipeline through vertical telescopic pipes; the lifting system drives the horizontal branch pipelines to lift vertically; the horizontal branch pipelines are provided with air ports. When greenhouse internal proper temperature cannot maintained through the normal ventilation, the air cooler and pipeline parameters are determined according to the cooling requirements; the air cooler operates, the heights of the horizontal branch pipelines are adjusted according to those of plants, and the optimal cooling effect is maintained. The system has the advantages that plant canopy upper local environmental temperature can be decreased effectively, the temperature gradient is small, the energy consumption is small, and the production time of the greenhouse in summer can be prolonged.


A new monomer, 2-[2-(2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosylthio) propyl)]-2-oxazoline (Ac4Glc-S-Ox), was synthesized by direct addition of 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranose (Ac4Glc-SH) to 2-Isopropenyl-2-oxazoline (iPOx) in the presence of solid butyl amine resin via thiol-ene click reaction. The living cationic ring-opening polymerization was performed to prepare copolymers of Ac4Glc-S-Ox with 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx). In order to systematically investigate the effect of S-glucosyl substituent linked to the polymer backbone with different linkers on the cloud point and the binding ability, another series of glycopolymers were prepared by post polymerization modification method. Copolymers of 2-decenyl-2-oxazoline and 2-butenyl-2-oxazoline with EtOx were first polymerized and then reacted with Ac4Glc-SH. The obtained glycopolymers exhibited lower critical solution temperature behavior that could be tuned easily by manipulating the alkyl linker length. Moreover, the binding results obtained both turbidimetry and surface plasmon resonance techniques suggested that the relationship of linker to polymer backbone has a critical influence on glycopolymer-lectin binding behaviour.


Surface modification with uniform nanostructures is a promising way to fabricate functionalized surfaces, and synthetic electrode functionalization can be performed by depositing atomically precise nanoclusters with a specific number of atoms and compositions. During atomic nucleation and growth in gas phase, atomic aggregates exhibit novel electronic properties, mimicking atoms at a specific number of atoms and composition, which is called superatom (SA). Tantalum-encapsulating Si16 cage nanoclusters (Ta@Si16) and aluminum 13-mer (Al13) are promising SAs for designing their assembled materials with tunable properties, where one-electron-excessive Ta@Si16 and one-electron-deficient Al13 exhibit alkali- and halogen-like characteristics, respectively, owing to the electron shell closing. In this study, with an intense nanocluster ion source, Ta@Si16
 + and Al13
 - were generated during the formation of TaSin
 + cations and Aln
 - anions, where Ta@Si16
 + was remarkably generated compared with the neighboring species. SA deposition provided uniformly decorated surfaces exhibiting nanofunctional properties superior to those obtained by conventional atom deposition. With mass spectrometry, Ta@Si16
 + and Al13
 − SAs were size-selectively soft-landed on the substrate surfaces predeposited with n-type fullerene (C60) and p-type hexa-tert-butyl-hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HB-HBC, C66H66). The electronic states of Ta@Si16 and Al13 SAs immobilized on the organic substrates were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and oxidative reactivities under O2 exposure.


Sunday 1 August 2010 saw the entry into force of the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM). The activation of the CCM was triggered by the deposition of the 30th instrument of ratification exactly six months earlier. By the end of March 2010, 30 states had ratified the CCM. On 1 August, the number climbed to 37 states, with 107 states having signed the CCM. To date, there are 43 ratifications and 108 signatories to this convention.


This project is focused on researching the use of different applications for mobile devices, the creation and dissemination of news in different Ecuadorian media. This research is divided into three subtopics that would group important aspects, the first is the historical context of journalism and how it has reached what is now known as mobile journalism, we also mention two groups of journalistic coverage for mobile consumption, these data is given by an expert in digital and mobile journalism. In addition, by means of a survey of journalists from different media, precise data can be obtained on their use of mobile applications in order to exercise their profession. The second point focuses on three coverage of communicators who used mobile applications to report events of national relevance, such as: September 30th of 2010, the earthquake of April sixteen of 2016 and the elections of April second of 2017 Each of them tells us through their testimonies about the importance of new technologies for the coverage of news events. And lastly, several journalists from television, radio, digital, written and mobile media give us their opinion on the main question of this investigation. Is Ecuador practicing mobile journalism?


GaN-based compound semiconductor materials such as GaN, InGaN, and AlGaN have been developed for high-performance optical devices such as blue, green, ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and laser diodes. Studies of GaN decomposition conditions and mechanism in the literature have been reported. In 1965, Munir and Searcy researched the 2GaN(s) = 2Ga(l) + N2 reaction and 2GaN(s) = 2Ga(g) + N2 reaction using a torsion-effusion and torsion-Langmuir methods respectively [1]. GaN decomposition in the H2 atmosphere was first studied by Thurmond and Logan in the 1970s. Products of the reaction are liquid gallium and ammonia gas [2, 3]. Jacob et al. [4] also discussed the GaN decomposition in different gases atmosphere and found a value of initial decomposition temperature 970°C in Ar/N2 and 600°C in H2. However, these literatures are mostly discussed the thermal decomposition phenomenon of GaN in a vacuum. Today, related research of GaN decomposition reaction in a non-vacuum state is not yet to see. The objective of this paper is to discuss the characteristics of GaN decomposition in atmospheric pressures.


A combination of Repertory Grid analysis and the Honey/Mumford Learning Styles approach facilitates understanding in the learning process. A correlation between information from the two different tests is shown. The detail of the process involved is described and ways in which other course users could apply the same processes are described.


Detection dioxins-type chemicals by a sensing cell line containing luciferase reporter gene under the control of dioxin responsive elements was compared with the traditional ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) induction. The result suggested that the luciferase induction was 30-fold more sensitive than EROD induction, the detection time was shorter for 68-hour and the detection procedure was also simpler. The data showed the sensing cell line can screen lots of samples and quickly semi-quantitate.


A problem of power factor correction for a class of 3- phase boost AC/DC power converters is addressed in the paper. A full-bridge hardware topology is studied and used to address the basics of the efficient power conversion with high values of power factor. The sliding mode control drives the output voltage to the desired DC level in the presence of external disturbances and internal parameter uncertainties, while providing close to unity (greater than 97%) value of power factor. Sliding mode observers are employed to estimate variation in load and phase resistances - subject of realtime adjustment in the control law. Multi-rate numerical simulation illustrates the efficiency of the proposed methodology and proves its ability to be implemented in digital form.


Anthony Stockwell is Professor of Imperial and Commonwealth History at Royal Holloway, University of London. He was President of the Royal Asiatic Society in 2002–2003 and is currently a Vice-President. His publications include British Policy and Malay Politics during the Malayan Union Experiment (1979) and, as editor, British Documents on End of Empire: Malaya, 1942–1957 (three parts, 1995). He has been joint editor of the Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History since 1990. This is a version of a lecture delivered to the Royal Society for Asian Affairs on 26 February 2003.


Mr. Campbell has found a family of social welfare functions, neither imposed or dictatorial, satisfying a set of conditions which includes a slightly modified ver sion of the original Arrow conditions. Of special interest, Campbell's social welfare function (designated Ra) or rule for passing from individual to social orderings is such that social orderings established by it are transitive. But this is accomplished at a price, namely the inclusion of a possible aggregate cycling phenomenon (designated Ca) within the definition of the binary relation Ra. This inclusion, in my opinion, considerably weakens the intuitive appeal of Camp bell 's results. To give a simple example, consider Campbell's own discussion of the "classic example" on intransitivity among collective preferences. Here, no individual is indifferent between any two alternatives and a social ordering based solely on simple majority voting between any two alternatives is intransi tive. The conditions which lead to this collective intrensitivity, however, satisfy Campbell's definition of a cycle. By interpreting a cycle between any two alter natives to imply social indifference between those alternatives, Campbell is simply saying that any situation, such as this "classic" one, which exhibits cycling between all pairs of alternatives implies, by definition, social indifference among all alternatives as a group, whatever the nature of individual preferences. Moreover, since both cycling and social indifference are transitive (they are also both symmetric), a relation which incorporates the possibility of total social in difference, such as Campbell's Ra, will yield a transitive social ordering in any situation, such as this "classic" one, where cycling is present. Campbell's pro cedure is formally correct, but we need to recognize that the intuitive problem so aptly illustrated by the classic example has been removed by embracing it within a definition of social indifference. Campbell is aware of this difficulty and acknowledges in his concluding remarks that it "indicates an important area for further research." But this is pretty much where we were prior to Camp bell's paper.


The present conditions of lighting lanterns for railway passenger cars in our country are described.The advantages of lighting lanterns with LED plane source are analyzed.The design principles and design contents of lighting lanterns with LED plane source are expounded,and analyzed,tested,compared with fluorescent lanterns.In the mean time,problems need to be solved in design are pointed out.


The potential of shallow reservoired natural gas in Ganquan-Fuxian,Ordos basin is more and more outstanding,but we still lack systematic understanding of geochemical characteristics,genetic type and gas source of gas.By meticulous analysis of characteristics of composition,isotope and genetic type of the 14 samples of shallow natural gas from this area,it was found that in different layers of different regions,main component of shallow natural gas is hydrocarbon gases;main type of gas production from Yan'an group is cap-gas gas,main types of gas production from Chang2 of Yanchang group are cap-gas gas and solution gas;different areas also have difference in isotopic and genetic type.Correlation of oil and source rock shows that gas in Yan'an group and Yanchang group is mainly oil associated gas,oil and gas have same source,gas source is mainly Triassic sapropelic source rock,chang7 and chang4+5 source rocks are most important.


This paper compares transient responses of virtual oscillator control (VOC) to the conventional droop control method, under various inverter terminal voltage amplitude and frequency regulations. The system of interest is an islanded microgrid of three three-phase inverters sharing a resistive load. By letting the two controllers have similar steady-state droop characteristics, the virtual oscillator and droop controlled systems are compared in a small-signal framework with the aid of eigenvalue analyses. The analytical results are verified by simulating the two systems in MATLAB/Simulink. In the simulations, the third inverter in each system is connected to share the load when the other two inverters are already synchronized. Transients are compared by examining synchronization time after the third inverter is connected. The key finding is VOC outperforms droop control in terms of time responses when the terminal voltage frequency regulation range is allowed to be wide; otherwise, the droop control responds faster than the VOC technique. The same conclusions are found for two other load types: constant power load and nonlinear load. In addition, transient energy losses are investigated, which shows positive correlation with the time response.


Nkisi are anthropomorphic or zoomorphic figurines made of wood, stone or other materials, created by certain illuminated Bakongo, in which they enclose a powerful spirit that they manipulate for magical, religious (animistic) and therapeutic ends. As such, nkisi were condemned as fetishes or simulacra, by the first European explorers to discover them in the late 15th century, for whom these receptacles were in clear contradiction with monotheistic Christian dogma. And indeed, the standard way in which nkisi were fabricated fit fairly well within the definition given of the simulacrum: a new nkisi was the reproduction/duplication of an old nkisi. Later, the problem of the simulacrum blossomed in the Kongo kingdom through the interactions between local peoples and their European guests. The burning and export of nkisi by Christians triggered a massive increase in the production of false nkisi or real simulacra. While these exported nkisi of the diaspora became, in effect, simulacra in relation to their place of origin (by virtue of their new functions and conditions of existence in Europe), local sculptors kongolized the artifacts and symbols of Christianity (Biblic characters, crucifixes, etc.) to the point that they too took on the role of simulacra. In the end, it appears that the simulacrum is, in this context, a discursive and operational construct resulting from interaction and exchange.


Magnetic field measurements with a more than 6 decade dynamic range over a very extended frequency range are considered. This subject is getting nowadays more importance for compliance with the series of standards and regulations for human exposure to electromagnetic fields. ICNIRP and video display terminal standards requirements in terms of field levels and bandwidth are translated into sensor specifications, which reveal to be very challenging. Furthermore, manufacturers' information is sometimes poor and doesn't allow easily engineers to design a fully compliant measuring equipment


Based on the perspective of saving investment and reducing dust emission, the method of experimental study and the working principle of windbreak wall were adopted in this paper to explore the affection of the dust emission on sand stockpile by the height of windbreak wall and natural wind speed. According to the experimental testing, the data processing and analysis by the origin software, the studied results indicated that, the dust emission of the same particle size of powder (sand) increased with increasing the wind speed, the dust emission of the same particle size and the same wind speed of powder reduced with increasing the height of the windbreak wall., When the height of windbreak wall is 5/6 times of the height of the stockpile for a certain height of the bulk stockpile, the dual purposes of the minimum dust emission of bulk stockpile and saving investment could be gained. In the practical engineering application, the height of the windbreak wall should be chosen according to the actual situation (the density of the stockpile, particle size as well as the local wind speed).


Osteoarthritis is a prevalent aging disease in the world, and in recent years it has shown a trend toward younger age, which is becoming a major health problem in the world and seriously endangers the health of the elderly. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis are still unclear, causing great trouble for treatment. To screen out potential biomarkers that could be used as identification of osteoarthritis and explore the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, we performed untargeted metabolomics analysis of nine New Zealand rabbit serum samples by LC-MS / MS, including three normal serum samples (control group) and six osteoarthritis serum samples (case group). Finally 44 differential metabolites were identified, and the ROC analysis results indicated that a total of 36 differential metabolites could be used as potential biomarkers. Further metabolic pathway enrichment analysis was performed on these differential metabolites, and we found that a total of 17 metabolic pathways were affected, which may provide directions for the study of osteoarthritis mechanisms.


OBJECTIVE To develop a population pharmacokinetic(PPK)model for methotrexate given by intravenous infusion in cancer patients,and to evaluate the prediction performance of the PPK model.METHODS 276 concentrations from an index group of 61 cancer patients receiving methotrexate intravenous infusion were used to develop the base model,statistic model and covariate model,using PPK software PKBugs.The effect of body weight(WT),height(HT),age(Age),body surface area(BSA),serum creatinine concentration(Scr)and creatinine clearance(CL cr)on the PK parameters was investigated.PK parameters including clearance(CL),inter-compartment clearance(Q),central volume(V_1)and peripheral volume(V_2)were estimated.The prediction performance of the PPK model was assessed by using the concentration prediction error as the indicator.RESULTS The PK process of methotrexate infusion in cancer patients was discribed bv a linear two-compartment model.The final PPK model was as follows: LnCL=1.98±0.0096×(WT-67.8)-0.72×(Scr-1.04),LnQ=-1.39,LnV_1= 3.41,Ln V_2=1.93-0.013×(Age-42.4). The CL,Q,V_1 and V_2 of the 61 cancer patients were(7.84±2.42)L·h~(-1),(0.36±0.40)L·h~(-1),(31.46±11.03)L and(10.53±12.53)L,respectively.The inter-individual variability of CL,Q,V_1 and V_2 were 37%,129%,51%,and 115%,respectively. The prediction bias,precision and relative error of the PPK model for the 45 concentrations from the validation group were 0.097 mg·L~(-1),0.23 mg·L~(-1)and 136%,respectively.The P-value of the paired t test for the predicted concentrations and observed concentrations was 0.10,showing no statistical difference.CONCLUSION The PPK model built herein describes the PK process of methotrexate infusion in cancer patients adequately.The PK parameters are in good accordance with those in the literature.The prediction performance of the PPK model needs further assessment.


The equations of hydrodynamics have been solved for the case of a viscosity dependence upon the distance r to a particle of radius a, suspended in a continuous fluid, as given by η∞/η(r)=1−em(am/r)m. When |e| 6 the omissions are less than 25% of the new terms. The force upon a spherical particle is given by 6πv∞η∞am[1+em/(m+1)·(m2+4m+15)/(m+3)(m+5)]. The torque upon a spherical particle is 8πω∞η∞am3[1+em·3/(m+3)]. The viscosity of a dilute suspension with 1 particle per sphere of radius R is η/η∞=1+em(am/R)m 3/(3−m)+5/2(am/R)3·[1+em3/(m−3)·(m3+5m2+47m−21)/(m+3)(m+5)(m+7)+4/5e0]. This enables a study of the diffusion constants of a suspended particle, its effect upon the viscosity of a fluid, and the transition of a liquid into a gel. Experimental data concerning proton magnetic relaxation times of diamagnetic solutions and self‐diffusion of protein and solvent molecules are discussed. The effect of slipping is examined.


BACKGROUND
The increased femoral venous compliance is one of the factors of orthostatic intolerance after space flight. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of daily head-up tilt (HUT) on stress-strain relationship of femoral vein during simulated weightlessness in rabbits.

METHODS
Head-down tilt (HDT) 20 degrees rabbit model was used to simulate weightlessness. Twenty-four healthy male New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: simultaneous control, 21 d HDT, and 21 d HDT plus daily 2 h HUT 45 degrees, with 8 in each. Twenty-one days later, stress-strain relationship of femoral vein was examined.

RESULTS
Under the same stress, the circumferential strain both in the 21 d HDT group and the 21 d HDT plus daily 2 h HUT group increased significantly than those in the control group. There were no significant differences between these two groups. There were no significant changes in the longitudinal strain among three groups under the same stress.

CONCLUSIONS
The femoral venous compliance of rabbits increase significantly after 21 days simulated weightlessness. Daily 2 h HUT 45 degrees could not prevent increase of femoral venous compliance in rabbits induced by 21 days simulated weightlessness.


The risks are high and the returns low when Peruvian women work outside the home, but they have few other options. Most have large families, and their husbands scramble to earn a few dollars. For some women the day begins at 3:30 a.m. when they go to Lima to peddle fish, combs, or whatever commodity is available. The poor women who live in the pueblos jovenes of Lima, the newly formed outskirts, have banded together in a Christian group called Luz y Esperanza, or Light and Hope. The group has a 10-year history of coping with unsanitary water and resultant health problems, child care, and lack of electricity. The women began with neighborhood issues but have also developed an interest in trade unions and other less local concerns. Members have also started to attend union meetings in Lima and involved themselves in recent trade union struggles. The development of the women's political consciousness is closely intertwined with their Christian faith. They believe Christ is the source of the energy they need to persevere.


This work characterizes the growth of mangrove oyster, Crassostrea gasar of two lagoons of Côte d'Ivoire: the Ebrié lagoon; on the level of Grand-Bassam and Azito and the Aby lagoon; on the level of Assinie. Thus, a monthly sampling of 30 oysters per site for 12 months (October 2015 at September 2016), during which the physico-chemical parameters of water were recorded. The results of the study show an almost similar evolution of the physico-chemical parameters of the three sites. However, the sites of Assinie and Azito recorded a salinity, although lower than 10‰, high compared to that of Grand-Bassam. The results of morphometric analyses plead in favour of a negative allometry for the two relations in particular, size-sizes relations and size-weight relations. However, the individuals of Assinie present the best values of growth coefficient (b). According to PCA, the individuals of Assinie are identifiable by a weight of flesh and a width of higher bodies. Those of Azito are characterized by a thickness of body, a weight of shell, and a body weight more marked. As for the individuals of Grand-Bassam, they don't present any distinguishing mark making it possible to characterize them. This study shows, the necessity to install a durable strategy of management of oyster stocks of our lagoons. It would be interesting to envision the culture of the oyster which remains an important food product of socio-economic interest.


Objective To investigate the association of the metaphase Ⅱ oocyte with embryo quality and clinical pregnancy after intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Methods Before ICSI,metaphase Ⅱ oocytes without granular cells were graded microscopically.The fertilization rate,cleavage rate,high-quality embryo rate were compared in different oocytes.Embryo morphology was assessed on the day of embryo transfer and then the association of oocyte morphology with embryo quality and clinical pregnancy was analyzed.Results The fertilization rate,cleavage rate,high-quality embryo rate differed significantly between the oocytes with a higher morphological score and those with a low score(P 0.05).The oocytes with the top score had the highest rates of fertilization,cleavage,and high-quality embryo(92.26%,98.47%,and 67.05%,respectively).A highest pregnancy rate was also observed in the oocytes with the highest quality.Conclusions The grading of oocyte morphology can predict the rates of fertilization,cleavage,and high-quality embryo following ICSI and can be helpful in selecting embryos for embryo transfer.


Ireland is an island of towers: its history is inscribed upon their stones. The tall, sturdy keeps of the Norman settlers stand upon rich, wide pasturelands, byres for cattle now as often as not, but retaining the trim, soldierly bearing of the Normans. Derelict manor houses of the Tudor times stand upon lonely headlands, half fortress,, half dwelling. Unexpectedly, at the end of a twisting, weed-choked avenue, ancient carriage ruts faint beneath thick grasses, the gutted carcass of a Palladian mansion leaps into view, burned during the troubles, great blocks of Portland stone streaked black from the fires of great hatreds released within little room. Older than these and more mysterious, round towers stand sentinel beside the ruined ecclesiastical cities of Cashel and Clonmacnoise. Most ancient of all, the dolmens and cromlechs, the cairns and subterranean tombs of a vanished and unrecoverable culture. Dwelling places, Yeats was to tell us, of the Sidhe, the gods of the old religion. We are concerned here with two towers. One is a Norman keep in the Galway barony of Kiltartan, some twenty miles from the western seacoast. The second, one of a chain constructed by the British to withstand a Napoleonic invasion, stands facing eastward toward the Irish sea at the village of Sandycove, a few miles south of Dublin. Yeats's tower at Ballylee-Ballylee Castle as once it was grandly termed-and the Martello tower in which Joyce lived for a few weeks in 1904, the setting upon which Ulysses opens, take on central and symbolic roles in the art of each man and enter also those shorthands of symbols by which we, in our turn, hold the two writers in our imagination. I propose to consider the very different manner in which each man came to accept his identity as an Irish writer. And this in its turn involves some consideration of what for convenience we may term the "matter of


We measured the torsion of a small scanning force microscope cantilever beam that is induced by the lateral force acting on its tip during the scanning across a sample surface. The detection is based on the piezoresistive principle. Two resistor loops are suitably arranged on the beam and sense differences in the stress distribution. The silicon cantilever has a spring constant of k/sub b/ = 2.7 N/m, a torsional rigidity of k/sub t/ /spl equiv/ 5000 N/m and a resonant frequency of 40 kHz. The integrated silicon tip has a length of 6 /spl mu/m. The torsional sensitivity of the device is demonstrated by imaging in friction mode a grating of 15 nm in height, yielding an amplified (G=2000) output signal of 300 mV.


Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) are a common complication of poorly controlled diabetes and often become infected, termed diabetic foot infection. Despite using several multidisciplinary techniques, no significant cure is still achievable. So, it needs an alternative therapeutic approach to treat diabetic foot ulcers. So it needs to search for alternative highly effective nontoxic drugs or polyherbal formulations from plants to treat DFUs. In this study, we reviewed possible plants and research pathways that can be used to formulate an effective and safe herbal formulation to treat DFUs.


Abstract The paper presents the results of a study of 11863 specimens of Nomioidinae caught in Africa (excepting Madagascar) from 43 institutions and private collections. In total, 33 species belonging to three genera of Nomioidinae are found in the African fauna. All of the species are redescribed, figured and keyed. Their variability is analysed. Distributional maps in Africa are provided for all species. The types of nearly all the nominal taxa described earlier are examined. Seven new species and one new subspecies are described: Cellariella inexpectata n. sp., C. schwarzi n. sp., Ceylalictus congoensis n. sp., Nomioides deceptor capverdensis n. ssp., N. griswoldi n. sp., N. kenyensis n. sp., N. micheneri n. sp., and N. paulyi Pesenko, n. sp. New status is established for the following nominal taxa: Nomioides maculiventris var. fulviventris Blüthgen 1925 and N. somalicus ssp. kalaharicus Cockerell 1936 are considered separate species in the genus Cellariella; Nomioides karachensis var. desertorum Blüthgen 1925, a separate species in the genus Ceylalictus; Nomioides canariensis Blüthgen 1937, an insular subspecies of N. deceptor Saunders 1908; Nomioides maurus Blüthgen 1925, an African subspecies of N. minutissimus (Rossi 1790). The names Nomioides elbanus Blüthgen 1934 and N. squamiger Saunders 1908 are resurrected. The following new synonymies are established: Nomioides somalica ssp. kalaharica Cockerell 1936 = Cellariella brooksi Pesenko 1993; Nomioides somalicus Magretti 1899 = N. somalicus var. completus Blüthgen 1934 = N. atomellus Cockerell 1936; Nomioides deceptor Saunders 1908 = N. minutissimus var. deserticola Blüthgen 1925; Ceratina maculiventris Cameron 1905 = Nomioides maculiventris var. convergens Blüthgen 1934 = N. callonotus Cockerell 1936 = N. maculiventris var. cyaneonotus Cockerell 1937; Nomioides minutissimus spp. maurus Blüthgen 1925 = N. senecionis Cockerell 1931 = N. maurus var. tingitanus Blüthgen 1933. Lectotypes are designated for the following nominal taxa: Ceratina maculiventris Cameron 1905; Nomioides callonotus Cockerell 1936; N. maculiventris var. cyaneonotus Cockerell 1937, N. somalicus ssp. kalaharicus Cockerell 1936. The morphological evolution, phylogeny and geographical history of the subfamily Nomioidinae are presented and discussed. The paper includes 228 line drawings on 39 figures in the text, 124 colour, 8 black and white, 48 SEM photos and 33 maps on 20 plates, 7 tables, and provided with a list of 140 papers cited.


Hirudin – the long and stony way from an anticoagulant peptide in the saliva of medicinal leech to a recombinant drug and beyond - A historical piece -


The author made a laboratory study using membrane bioreactor (MBR) to treat organic wastewater with high strength of ammonia nitrogen. The results are as follows:(1) The wastewater can be effectively treated by MBR;over 95% removal efficiency of COD can be achieved.(2) MBR has a promising prospect in nitrogen removal;the removal efficiency of T-N can reach 95.3% when the loading rate was 0.15kgTN/kgMLSS.d.(3)The permeate flux is between 93~223L/(m2.h) when the TMP is 0.1Mpa.


The main objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for multi-trait evaluation of birth weight (BW), gestation length (GL) and calving difficulty (CD) in first-parity Iranian Holstein dairy cattle. The data included 29,950 calving records collected during 1995 to 2014 by the Animal Breeding and Improvement Center of Iran. A threshold-linear sire-maternal grandsire model was fitted. The model included the effect of sex of calf born, age at first calving and calving month (for GL and BW) as fixed effects and sire, maternal grandsire, herd-year-season of calving and residual effects as random effects. Posterior means (posterior standard deviations) of direct her- itabilities were 0.12 (0.01) for BW, 0.40 (0.03) for GL and 0.07 (0.01) for CD. The maternal herita- bility estimates for BW, GL and CD were 0.04 (0.01), 0.07 (0.01) and 0.04 (0.01), respectively. Direct-maternal genetic correlations were -0.15 (0.04) for BW, -0.36 (0.08) for GL and -0.53 (0.14) for CD (P<0.01). Direct additive genetic correlations for BW-GL and BW-CD were 0.39 (0.06) and 0.43 (0.09), and the corresponding maternal additive genetic correlations were 0.58 (0.08) and 0.47 (0.13), respectively. Direct and maternal additive genetic correlations for GL-CD were non-signifi- cant. The estimated posterior means for phenotypic and environmental correlations were positive and low to medium. Non-linear phenotypic relationships were found for GL-CD and BW-CD. The exist- ence of corresponding non-linear and also cause-and-effect (which is usually ignored in traditional genetic evaluation programs) relationships between CD-GL and CD-BW may influence the genetic


Our winter has been very long and very severe. The frost was at a medium, from the middle of December to the middle of March, at nine degrees of Reaumur's thermometer below the freezing point.


The article describes the essence of waqf institution and some aspects of its development in Central Asia. The importance of the endowment institution not only as a philanthropist, but also as a social institution that embodies many functions in society is highlighted


Seasonal variation in the subgrade resilient modulus is likely caused by external factors, such as precipitation and freeze–thaw cycles. One of the strategies for minimizing the impact of this variation on the subgrade modulus is to use insulation layers to prevent frost penetration. This study investigated the effects of the use of insulation layers on pavement performance in the fully instrumented Integrated Road Research Facility in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Three insulated sections of the test road were comprised of bottom ash (BA) (100 cm) and polystyrene boards of two thicknesses (5 and 10 cm), and the adjacent conventional section was considered the control section (CS). The resilient modulus and the effective modulus of pavement were backcalculated with the data obtained from falling weight deflectometer testing conducted at the test road during a 1-year monitoring period, from July 2014 to July 2015. Temperature and moisture probes, installed across the depth of the sections, were used to determine the frozen, thawed, or recovering condition of the pavement. The study results revealed that polystyrene boards protected subgrade soil from freezing and thawing effects. The minimum ratio of the backcalculated subgrade modulus of each test to the resilient modulus of the test performed in September was 0.94 in the BA section, and the ratio of the CS could decrease to 0.88 in the recovering period. Comparison of the load-bearing capacity of insulated sections and the CS indicated that, unlike BA, polystyrene boards significantly decreased the load-bearing capacity of the pavement.


To enhance the therapeutic effect of conventional TRC using intra‐arterial (i.a.) DDP plus simultaneous i.v. STS, we combined the AT‐II‐induced hypertension method with TRC and evaluated its efficacy for a rat uterine tumor, using the simulation of intra‐arterial chemotherapy for human uterine tumors. During interruption of arterial blood flow by vascular manipulations, DDP plus AT‐II were injected for 10 min through the abdominal aorta in the direction of the uterus. Then STS was administered i.v. for a further 5 min and all the arterial restrictions were released. This modified TRC using AT‐II showed a much higher anti‐tumor effect than that seen in conventional TRC without AT‐II and was free from DDP‐induced renal damage. On the other hand, severe nephrotoxicity was unavoidable in the rats given the delayed i.v. administration of STS to i.a. DDP alone. The feasibility of post‐administration of STS without obvious nephrotoxicity in modified TRC was explained by transient inhibition of DDP delivery to the kidney during the AT‐II‐induced hypertension. The loss of body weight and the decrease in the number of leukocytes after this therapy were tolerable. Modified TRC showed a higher anti‐tumor effect and a lower nephrotoxicity compared with other treatments, as follows: DDP i.a. with or without AT‐II; i.v. infusion of DDP alone. Such a superior anti‐tumor effect of modified TRC consists of the following 2 factors: (i) the post‐administration of STS leading to the delayed neutralization of DDP at the tumor site; (ii) the selective enhancement of DDP delivery to the tumor tissue during AT‐II‐induced hypertension.


This article aims to analyze the family from the perspective of social support network for ostomized people in oncological treatment in a university hospital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A cross-sectional study with 30 ostomized participants, through 242 Raquel Karlinski Almeida, Silvana Bastos Cogo , Marcio Rossato Badke, Susan Bublitz, Andrei Pompeu Antunes eAline Gomes Ilha O Social em Questão Ano XXII no 44 Mai a Ago/2019 pg 241 258 IS SN : 2 23 890 91 (O nl in e) access to electronic records and analyzed descriptively. The family is evidenced in different settings, being the main caregivers in the treatment. The identification of the family as a support network, reveals the need for their integration in the therapeutic plan of health teams, aiming the humanized care and improvements in the quality of the life of ostomized person and their relatives.


Heterocyclic chemistry has a broad spectrum of applications in our day-to-day life. Heterocyclic compounds contain hetero atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur in their structure. Among these atoms, a wide variety of heterocyclic moieties with nitrogen as hetero atoms have considerable physiological properties and useful medical applications. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are considered a significant category due to their broad therapeutic applications like antibacterial, antimalarial, anticancer, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, etc., this review article focuses on novel moieties of indole, pyrazole, and triazole compounds and its biological importance


Abstract : This report highlights major findings of a six-year project exploring preparation and use of N-halamines, a class of compounds that can be employed to prepare polymeric materials and coatings for disinfection and detoxification applications: - Novel halogenated hydantoinyl polystyrene beads quickly disinfect potable water. The new beads are less expensive to prepare than an earlier version prepared by functionalizing polystyrene, but equally effective in gravity-feed water filters. As mild oxidizing agents, they can also be used to detoxify water and to neutralize HD or VX. - Several N-halamine coating materials regenerable with hypochlorite were prepared and tested that involve attachment of N-chlorohydantoin moieties to surfaces such as cellulose, polyurethanes, and acrylic paints through siloxane and epoxide tethering groups. 6 -7 log kills of S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in 10 min contact are typical. - A new acrylamide monomer capable of loading large amounts of halogen and being copolymerized with a variety of other monomers to create a variety of disinfection applications is described. Coatings so prepared showed considerably better resistance to photodecomposition by sunlight than typical N-halamides. - The mechanism of photodecomposition of N-halamine siloxanes was thoroughly investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and was shown to occur by a Hoffmann -Loeffler rearrangement. This limits the utility of siloxane-tethered N-halamine materials. - N-Halamine polymers can be made water soluble by copolymerization with materials containing charged groups like quaternary ammonium salts, an important step for industrial coating processes as it avoids the use of organic solvents in coating baths.


When a hole is created in a layer of a dense, vertically vibrated suspension, phenomena are known to occur that defy the natural tendency of gravity to close the hole. Here, an overview is presented of the different patterns that we observed in a variety of dense particulate suspensions. Subsequently, we relate the occurrence of these patterns to the system parameters, namely, the layer thickness, the particle concentration, and the shaking parameters. Special attention is given to the geometric properties of the particles in the various suspensions such as shape and particle size distribution. We observe these properties to be crucial for selecting the dynamics of the vibrated suspension.


In theory, the microstructure of any material dictates its macroscopic properties. This study explores the microstructure of the GMR reader characterized during gradual ESD stressing and with the aid of the advanced analytical tools of AFM/MFM after enhanced imaging of GMR sensors by surface ion milling. It is known that ESD events can occur and manifest themselves exclusively either physically (melting of sensor element) or magnetically (sudden drop in electrical parameters when plotted against stress voltage) in GMR heads. A simulation study was directed using commercial HBM and dynamic electrical test machines to produce different types of ESD failure events. Preliminary results showed that ESD stressed and ESD-free GMR heads can be characterized and differentiated from one another using the simple surface technique of MFM. By using the combined analytical techniques which are particular to AFM and MFM coupled with methodical and systematic failure analysis, we are able to observe in-situ the previously unknown ESD phenomena unique to GMR heads.


NEW iridoid derivatives represented by the general formula (I) are described: And vascularization inhibitor ACTIVE PRINCIPLE WHOSE said derivative. Vascularization this inhibitor exhibits a distinct inhibitory effect of vascularization SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS SIDE WITHOUT WHICH IS IN THE TREATMENT AND USEFUL prevention of various diseases accompanied by abnormal vascularity ACCELERATION.


The paper examines the patterns of trademark internationalisation performed by the Polish video game producers during 1994-2019. Theoretical deliberations were conducted along with the empirical analysis and future avenues for research. Final conclusions of the paper are: the level of trademarks internationalisation is moderate (more than half of the firms possesses at least one registered trademark abroad), it took seven years to apply for the first trademark since the firm foundation and 411 days to register the trademark successfully (average values), the most common patent office was USPTO, followed by the two harmonised frameworks: WIPO and EUIPO. The mean success rate of trademark application was high and amounted to 89%, however, a significantly higher success rate was observed in the case of EUIPO than USPTO. Employment of the legal representative positively influenced the success rate and the time to register, but only in the case of EUIPO.


Objective To observe the inducement effect of SFPS on MCF-7 apoptosis and its influence on apoptotic related genes expression and to explore the anti-cancer mechanism of algae polysaccharide.Methods The effect of SFPS on carcinoma cell cycle and apoptosis was observed with flow cytometry (FCM) and expressions of apoptotic related genes, Fas,FasL mRNA were determined by RT-PCR.Results SFPS inhibited MCF-7 cell from G0/G1 stage entering to S stage and increased APO%, at the same time increased the expression of Fas and FasL mRNA.Conclusions SFPA may treat breast cancer by promoting MCF-7 cells apoptosis and upregulating the expression of Fas and FasL.


The primary purpose of analysis of the spermiogram is to form an opinion on a bull's potential fertility. When spermiograms are abnormal, often a prognosis for recovery to normal sperm production is also a consideration. Semen quality can change quite rapidly for the better or worse depending on whether a bull is suffering from, or just recovering from, a process detrimental to spermatogenesis. Therefore, the spermiogram must be interpreted in light of the bull's history, the results of the physical examination, and in some cases the semen traits of volume and concentration. Some sperm defects appear to have a genetic basis and knowledge of recessive conditions, or genetic predispositions, will also help to decide on a course of action when abnormal spermiograms are encountered. Cases highlighted in this presentation demonstrate some examples of interpretation of abnormal spermiograms.


The properties of compressed matter consisting of superdense nuclei are examined, with allowance for the presence of a pion condensate. Calculations are performed for two alternative sets of nuclear interaction constants, one giving superdense, superbound nuclei, while the other gives metastable superdense nuclei. The analysis is carried out for collapse occurring in both complete and partial equilibrium. Configurations are calculated for white dwarfs composed of superdense, superbound nuclei.


In recent years, thin-film magnetoelectric (ME) magnetic-field sensors have emerged as novel and advantageous devices for biomagnetic measurements. These ME sensors promise contactless readings of the magnetic fields generated by the human body, e.g., in magnetocardiography, with added benefits such as operation at room temperature without magnetic shielding [1]. The ME sensors considered here are based on strain-coupled thin-film magnetostrictive and piezoelectric layers on a cantilever. An incident magnetic field deforms the magnetostrictive layer which is coupled to a deformation of the piezoelectric layer giving a voltage signal. Previous studies often characterize the sensor performance under simplified homogeneous magnetic-field conditions. We have demonstrated that these sensors show a significantly different behavior under inhomogeneous magnetic-field excitation [2]. Here, we discuss a multiscale simulation approach using a joint sensor and simplified human head model for evaluation of sensor performance at different positions and orientations.


Abstract : This report presents a procedure for estimating how errors in upper- wind information affect bombing accuracy in normal delivery of ballistic ordnance. The procedure resulted from analysis of on-site pibal support to the Tactical Air Command ground attack training program.


Settling column test data are used in the design of settling tanks. The traditional method of analyzing test data graphically is sensitive to inaccuracies in individual data points. Curve fitting can be used instead, in which the entire data set is characterized analytically. If the analytic form adequately represents the trends in the data, errors due to inaccuracies in a few experimental data points are minimized. In this study, two simple equations are developed to express percentage concentration as a function of settling time and depth, and published data are used to test the accuracy of the equations. Removal efficiency equations are obtained by integrating the fitted equations. The removal efficiencies for ideal settling tanks are easily calculated using the method given in this study and are in good agreement with those obtained by graphical methods. The critical time beyond which efficiency does not increase substantially for a given depth is defined, which can be useful in the design of settling...


The invention discloses a luminol or isoluminol synthesizing method by a one-pot process. The luminol or the isoluminol synthesizing method by the one-pot process includes the steps of 1) enabling 3-nitrophthalic acid or 4-nitrophthalic acid as a starting material to react with urea in an organic solvent to obtain 3-nitrophthalimide or 4-nitrophthalimide; 2) enabling the 3-nitrophthalimide or the 4-nitrophthalimide to react with a hydrazine hydrate aqueous solution to obtain 3-nitrophthalhydrazide or 4-nitrophthalhydrazide; 3) enabling the 3-nitrophthalhydrazide or the 4-nitrophthalhydrazide to react with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst to obtain luminol or isoluminol. The luminol or the isoluminol synthesizing method by the one-pot process has the advantages of simplicity, convenience in operation, low cost, high yield and less pollution, and can be applicable to industrialized production.


Introduction: The aim of the study was to check the predictability of 'suction drain tip' and 'drain fluid' cultures for detecting their association with possible surgical site infection. Material and Methods: This was an observational study conducted in Surgical Unit 1, Civil Hospital Karachi from February 2017 to November 2017. All post-operative patients having closed drains were included in the study excluding the patients who did not require drains in post-operative period. Cultures from drain fluid and drain tip were sent. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Result: The predictability for surgical infections in positive drain tip cultures showed Sensitivity =100% and Specificity = 61%. With Positive Predictive Value = 30.3 % and Negative Predictive Value = 100%. In drain fluid cultures the sensitivity was slightly low (85% ) with Specificity = 76.3%. Positive Predictive Value = 37.8% and Negative Predictive Value = 96.8%. Conclusion: We conclude that positive tip cultures and drain fluid can be important predictors of infection with high sensitivity but low specificity.


Understanding wound healing today involves much more than simply stating there are three phases: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation. Wound healing is a complex series of reactions and interactions among cells and "mediators." Each year, new mediators are discovered and our understanding of inflammatory mediators and cellular interactions grows. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect wound healing, and an enormous industry provides the clinician with a huge and complex armamentarium to battle wound-healing problems. (Broughton, Janis, & Attinger, 2006, p. 1e-S)


&NA; Developing a standardized testing policy and procedure &NA; Systematic gaps for pregnancy screening and testing of patients with cancer persist. Absent or inconsistent guidelines and policies are barriers to standardized practice. Awareness among oncology nurses is needed to promote safe cancer care, prevent patient harm, and uphold patient‐centered care. AT A GLANCEGuidelines and policies lack standardization in pregnancy testing for women of childbearing potential with cancer.Partnering with patients through communication and education is crucial to draw awareness to the importance of pregnancy prevention and detection in proximity to cancer treatment.Systems‐based support bolsters providers in pregnancy screening and testing policy implementation.


COM components is one of the effective ways of software reuse,many of the core components of GIS are implemented based on COM technology.Java and XML is the most popular network technology,Java language has powerful founcfion of cross-platform,XML data has broad application on conversion and transmission,and the content expression and searching.Making full use of COM-based development of the XML-based and independent database products in the space of GIS data objects core platform,combining of Java technology in the development of Internet-based WebGIS.It implements the traditional GIS distributed expansion.This paper gives the WebGIS design and implementation of the program.


Abstract : A computer program is presented that calculates the annular airfoil shape from a given pressure distribution. A brief review of the theory of the inverse problem of the annular airfoil is also presented. The distortion of the duct shape by the presence of an axisymmetric body or a propeller may be taken into consideration. Calculations show that for a given pressure distribution, the propeller loading and location affect the duct shape.


A simple single-channel horizontal millimeter-wave interferometer has been designed for plasma electron density measurements on the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR). To measure line integrated plasma densities of 2×1019 m−2 in the initial phase of the KSTAR, Gunn oscillator frequency of 280 GHz has been chosen to optimize errors due to both vibration on the beam path and refraction in the plasma. To reduce the free propagation length of the probing beam and to obtain small beam width on the vacuum windows, a retractable cassette system for deep positioning of the diagnostic system has been designed, where microwave parts are located as close as possible to the tokamak with a shielding box. A beam focusing system with concave reflecting mirrors has been designed on the cassette and on the inner wall of the tokamak to reduce beam losses and to minimize beam width in the plasma. The estimated total transmission loss is about 25 dB, and beam widths are reduced significantly in the range...


The domestic seismic retrofit guide was primally enacted in 1988, then the mandatory target have been consistently. As a result, the rate of earthquake-resistant is achieved 58.3% in public facilities. On the other hand, the rate of earthquake-resistant is low as 24.8% in education facilities. As education facilities damaged from Gyeong-ju, Po-hang earthquake occurred in South-Korea and the rate of earthquake-resistant is low, the seismic retrofit of existing education facilities got to be ordinary people's interest. Therefore, domestic researchers have been developed seismic retrofit methods which can apply to existing educational facilities, It is expected to become more active in the future. However, it is insufficient to consideration that how far domestic technology has been developed. Therefore, the objective of this study is to measure the level of domestic research through comparative analysis between domestic and foreign researches that seismic retrofit methods which can apply to existing educational facilities.


Background: Histological tissue diagnosis of breast lumps plays an important role in patient management. Almost all breast pathology studies in Nigeria were conducted in government owned health facilities. This study aims to describe the histopathological pattern and of breast biopsies seen in Me Cure Healthcare Limited, a privately owned diagnostic centre. Methods: Histopathological reports of all breast specimens received and processed from August 2009 to December 2013 were retrieved from a computer database and entered into an Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Histological features were classified using 2003 WHO classification of breast diseases. Results: A total of 1205 breast specimens were reviewed. This formed 26% of 4,642 histology specimens received in the pathology laboratory. The youngest patient was 11 years and the oldest 88 years with a mean of 31.7 years and SD ±13.12. Females accounted for 97.8% with a female to male ratio of 43.4:1. The age group 20-29 years were most involved (n=362; 30%). Malignant lesions accounted for 21.3% while benign lesions accounted for 78.7%. Fibroadenoma was the commonest benign lesion and accounted for 61.7% of all benign lesions with a mean age of cases been 24,6 years. Age groups 40-49 and 30-39 years accounted for most malignant lesions (33.5% and 27.6% respectively) with invasive ductal carcinoma been the commonest. Conclusion: Benign breast lesions are more common generally, while invasive ductal carcinoma is the commonest malignant lesion involving mainly age groups 30-49 years in our environment. Women with cancers in our environment, usually present with grades II and III lesions. Keywords: Breast, Histopathology, Biopsy


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to additives for use in bitumen and polymer-modified bitumen. The additive is obtained by mixing the following: (a) sulphur, (b) vulcanised rubber, e.g. vulcanised rubber wastes, (c) a fatty acid and (d) bitumen. EFFECT: use of said additive to obtain, for very limited gas emissions, an elastomer-containing bitumen product which is particularly suitable for producing bitumen-coated material with improved processing properties, such as asphalt concrete. 13 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex


Pediatric febrile seizure (FS) is classified into two types, simple febrile seizures (SFSs) and complex febrile seizures (CFSs). The prognosis of CFS and SFS is distinct from each other. Even after diagnosis of SFS, patients with recurrence of seizure within 24 hours are defined as CFS. And it is crucial to predict the recurrence of seizure in SFS patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of lactate levels in predicting recurrence of seizure within 24 hours in SFS patients. This retrospective study was conducted on patients who visited the emergency department with FS from January 2017 to February 2020 at a single tertiary university hospital. They were divided into the recurrence group and the SFS group according to the recurrence of seizures. Multivariable analysis was performed to confirm whether lactate levels could be an independent factor in predicting recurrence of seizure within 24 hours in SFS patients. Of the 177 patients, 38 patients were classified into the recurrence group. High lactate levels (odds ratio = 1.45; 95%confidence interval: 1.04–2.03, p = 0.031) were found to be a significant factor in predicting recurrence of seizure within 24 hours in SFS patients. The areas under the ROC curve for lactate was 0.733. In patients with FS, high lactate levels were shown to be a useful and independent factor in predicting recurrence of seizure within 24 hours in SFS patients.


A method to optimize the cost of a quantum channel is developed. The goal is to determine the cheapest channel that produces prescribed output states for a given set of input states. This is essentially a quantum version of optimal transport. Different types of cost involving energy, spin and time, and their optimization, are illustrated by example. The role of entanglement in optimization of cost is emphasized.


Purpose

This study aims to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of corporate technology innovation activities.

Design/methodology/approach

This study empirically analyzes the effects of research and development (R&D) capability on patent and new product development achievements on innovation-type small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by using the "Report on Korean Innovation Survey 2010: Manufacturing Sector" data released by the Science and Technology Policy Institute.

Findings

The results of the study indicate that staffing of the concentration of R&D human resource team and efforts toward open innovation are essential factors for the creation of corporate performance.The number of persons of the concentration R&D team in particular makes up essential resources for patent acquisition and new product development. In addition, in case of an SME's with relatively poor resources, it is necessary to acquire resources, both material and immaterial, learn from the external R&D activities and internalize those into key corporate capabilities rather than step up the R&D activities on their own.

Originality/value

The results of this study indicate that innovative small enterprises need to secure the number of R&D human resource members for maintaining sustainable competitiveness and securing market share. Therefore, a strategy is needed that would enable employing and raising excellent human resource in the quantitative and qualitative aspects. However, in the circumstances that small enterprises suffer difficulty in securing professional human resource for R&D compared to large enterprises, as there is a limitation for securing human resource for R&D from only the dimension of enterprises, governmental and political support is thought to be necessary for securing good-quality human resource for R&D. Accordingly, the results of this study provide many implications for the necessity of detailed methodology on how to expand professional human resource for R&D among supporting policies for technical innovative enterprises and to establish innovative strategies of enterprises.


In order to solve the flood problem and develop water resources in the Yangtze River Basin, some water resources project have been constructed on the main stem and tributary of the Yangtze River and also many projects are being in construction or planning. In the meantime of producing huge economic and social benefits for the Yangtze River Basin by these projects, some adverse impacts on water environment, especially on fishery resources will also occur. This paper briefly presents the impact on fishery resources in the Yangtze River by various large water resources project and analyzes the relation of fishery resources variation and cascade development in the Yangtze River Basin and rescue measures for fishery resources.


A theoretical study is made of current channel formation in an externally maintained discharge for the ionization-superheating propagation mechanism. Analytic expressions are derived for the propagation rate and the radius of curvature of the channel head in the case of a nonstationary inhomogeneous plasma background. A solution of explosive type occurs for the time dependence of the channel length a, i.e., a ..-->.. infinity for t ..-->.. tau, where tau is independent of the initial size of the inhomogeneity and is determined by the initial value of E/N for the background and by the characteristic gas heating time.


Objective: The urea cycle is a pathway by which urea is produced from ammonia primarily in the liver. Urea cycle disorders are inborn errors of this metabolic pathway. Decreased excretion of nitrogen in the urea cycle due to deficiencies of carbamoylphosphate synthase (CPS-I), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS), argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), arginase (ARG) and N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) causes hyperammonemia. Frequently seen sign and symptoms are nausea-vomiting, loss of appetite, failure to thrive, hyperammonemia, liver failure, fatty liver, hepatomegaly, convulsions, stupor, coma and mental-motor retardation. Material and Methods: In this study, the clinical data, mutations, and prognosis of 20 patients with UCD from the south part of Turkey were evaluated retrospectively. Results: 20 patients (12F/8M) from 17 families were enrolled in the study. Symptoms were poor feeding, neurological problems, and nausea-vomiting. Most of the parents (15/17) were consanguineous. The family history rate was 8/17. The median age of symptoms was three days (0 days-3 years). Twelve patients presenting in the neonatal period had hyperammonemia. Nine patients had citrullinemia, six arginase deficiency, two CPS-I deficiency, one OTC deficiency, one ASL deficiency, and one NAGS deficiency. Genetic analyses of the patients revealed eight novel mutations out of the 14 different mutations. Five patients died during an acute metabolic crisis. OTC deficiency is the most common form in the literature but we observed a higher percentage of citrullinemia type 1 than reported in the literature among urea cycle disorders. Genetic heterogeneity was observed in a screened cohort in spite of the high rate of consanguineous marriages in Turkey, which is considered to be an important factor contributing to the higher incidences of autosomal recessive hereditary diseases. Eight new mutations were also added to the genotypic spectrum of the disorder with the current analysis.


We have studied the structure and altitudinal zonation of the warm temperate forests on the volcanic Mikurajima Island, one oi the Izu Islands, Japan. [Ihe forest can be divided into three main zones: a lowLaltitude CastanaPsis forest zone, a middle-altitude transitional CastanoPsis forest zone and a higher-altitude Buxus.Eurya-7hochodendron mixed forest zone. [[he forest has several distinctive features. Firstly, the species composition of the mixed iorest differs from the evergreen broad-leaved forests found at a similar altitude on the Japanese mainlands. Secondly, tree species diversity increases with altitude. 'Ihirdly, tree height decreases with increasing altitude, and forthly, leaf size decreases from notophyllous at lower altitudes, to microphyllous and nanophyllous at higher altitudes. The decline in tree height and the change in leaf size may be characteristic oi small volcanic islands in the warm-temperate region of


Poly(8-hydroxyquinoline-7,5-diylethylene) (3) was prepared both by Friedel-Craft's condensation of 8-hydroxyquinoline (1) with 1,2-dichloroethane (2) in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride and by condensation of 1 with ethylene glycol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The polymer samples were found to be insoluble in acetic acid, sulfuric acid, conc. hydrochloric acid, or formic acid. They were characterized by IR and UV spectra. Their molecular weights were determined by conductometric titration in pyridine. Viscometric studies were carried out in formic acid and in glacial acetic acid at 35°C. Solutions of the polymer samples in formic acid showed normal behaviour, whereas those in glacial acetic acid showed an abnormal behaviour. Various empirical relations were applied to correlate the viscosity data of solutions in glacial acetic acid with the appropriate concentration function. Aqueous acetic acid and simple electrolytes were used as solvents to supress the abnormal behaviour.


This project involves the use of two physical sensors and several modular algorithms to generate a single spatial representation of obstacles and free-space surrounding a mobile robot. This representation is used to track obstacles over time. We deflne a unifled architecture that utilized a spatial object representation as the default communication conduit between all modules. This representation includes an occupancy grid of the area immediately surrounding the robot, along with geometric scaling and density information, and confldence estimates for these data. The ∞exibility of this architecture has been demonstrated by utilizing both live and recorded data sets from difierent lidar sensors, cameras, and processing modules, with minimal or no changes to the processing code. This system shows promise as a ∞exible sensor fusion framework for mobile robotics. Advantages to this system over existing systems include the ability to encapsulate sensors, so that downstream algorithms don't need to know the details of the sensor suite on the robot, and for the system to automatically adjust for conditions where a single sensor fails or performs poorly but other sensors are functioning properly, such as in open flelds where the range of lidar data is quite limited or in grassy areas where stereo range has wellknown problems.


The growth of thin metal films on single crystal diamond (SCD) was studied by means of infrared (IR) spectroscopy, aiming to support the development of diamond detectors for particle physics. Our findings on the growth of chromium (Cr) thin films on SCD have been published here [1, 2] and will be published in more detail elsewhere [3]. Additionally, we investigated the growth of aluminum (Al) on SCD, see [4] for details. In this short report we want to emphasise the importance of the substrate temperature for the electronic conductivity of metal films on SCD.


approaches to quality management. It traces appearance and development of scientific thought in the theory of quality management from the point of view of the process approach. It justifies urgency of increase of the level of ef fectiveness and efficiency of activity of an organisation by means of creation, provision and management of the system of interconnected processes. It used the conducted studies to allocate eight main stages of evolution in quality management, which was reflected in the scheme developed by the authors. The article establishes that the process approach, which was offered in 1920s by representatives of administrative management, is the main approach to day to quality management and meets requirements of the modern world. In the course of analysis of historic formation of approaches to quality manage ment the article identifies evolution prerequisites that promoted introduction and distribution of the process approach to quality management as the basis of successful functioning of an organisation. It marks out in the «communica tion» category the communication process, communication structure, communication system, etc. It states that joining two categories – «activity» and «communication» – caused joining the contents of two relevant notions. It also states that the problem of correlation of the notion and category is the problem of correlation of the content of statements about a certain notion with this category. It analyses the existing classical definitions of the terms «notion» (process of conceptuation) and «category» (process of categorisation). As a result, it shows consequence in the process of development of the scientific study. The article studies specific features of formation of categories and notions, identifies their correlation in the process of creation of scientific and method - ological notional basis of the study and reveals functions of notions and categories in their correlation. It states that one of the main functions of the notion, and, as a result, of the process of conceptuation, is attaching a clear shape to the studies phenomenon through marking out the common. Additionally, the article specifies the gnoseological aspect of explanation of categories, when the phenomenon is perceived earlier than the essence and existence aspect of category explanation are determined, when the essence of existence is prime.


Mechanical stress versus time is computed by coupled electromagnetic and structural finite element analyses. The theory of the stress computations, including Maxwell stress tensors, is presented. The method is applied to an actuator driven by a step AC voltage. After verifying the calculated current and motion, the computed stress distribution is shown to depend on the placement of the nonlinear springs moved by the actuator.


Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors(CAIs) as drugs display extensively biologic activities such as antiglaucomatous,diuretic,antitumor,antiepileptic,antiarthritic,hypoglycemic ones.In recent years,the new generation of sulfonamides-type CAIs used for antiglaucoma have gained a lot of achievements.Much work is being focused on sulfonamide-type CAIs as antitumor drugs,the research is increasingly active,and the progress is very quick.This paper reviewed the recent advance of sulfonamide-type CAIs in antiglaucoma and antitumor field.


Abstract This paper analyzes the internet policy discourse regarding the German Network Enforcement Act (NetzDG) in different media settings. We examine the conversation about this highly controversial anti-hate speech law on IT blogs, websites, and in daily German newspapers. We compare the positions brought forward in these different media environments concerning one of the most important topics within the discussion about the NetzDG, specifically the question of whether or not the law will result in censorship, limiting users' freedom of expression. We employ pretrained transformer-based language models to detect and quantify recurring arguments in the debate.


The present paper throws light upon the working environment of the migrant labourers in the state of Kerala. It focusses on the unskilled labourers who work in the unhealthy working conditions of the industrial sector. In spite of their vital role in the economic growth of the state, they are made to work for more than the stipulated time, not even paid for the overtime work. These unskilled labourers and their families face health issues due to the hazardous work and improper medical care. It is a fact that they are employed as temporary workers with neither proper wages nor any other benefits. They are not even added in any of the official records of the city. Even though they face difficulty in the work place, they prefer to stay in the state itself, because of work opportunities. Hence there is a dire need to preserve the interests of these unskilled migrant labourers to protect the social and economic wellbeing of the state as a whole. Keywords— Labour Migration, Working Environment, Kerala Economy, Labour Migration in Kerala, Unskilled Workers in Kerala


Beginning with the brief description of the history of the emergence of network processor, this paper analyzed some features and functions of network processor. After that, the evolution of network processor is introduced through analyzing the system architecture of it. In the last part of this paper, several mainstream productions are introduced and a description of future development of network processor is given.


Remote sensing data and methods are increasingly being embedded into assessments of volcanic processes and risk. This happens thanks to their capability to provide a spectrum of observation and measurement opportunities to accurately sense the dynamics, magnitude, frequency, and impacts of volcanic activity in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), infrared (IR), and microwave domains. Launched in mid-2018, the Special Issue "Remote Sensing of Volcanic Processes and Risk" of Remote Sensing gathers 19 research papers on the use of satellite, aerial, and ground-based remote sensing to detect thermal features and anomalies, investigate lava and pyroclastic flows, predict the flow path of lahars, measure gas emissions and plumes, and estimate ground deformation. The strong multi-disciplinary character of the approaches employed for volcano monitoring and the combination of a variety of sensor types, platforms, and methods that come out from the papers testify the current scientific and technology trends toward multi-data and multi-sensor monitoring solutions. The research advances presented in the published papers are achieved thanks to a wealth of data including but not limited to the following: thermal IR from satellite missions (e.g., MODIS, VIIRS, AVHRR, Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, ASTER, TET-1) and ground-based stations (e.g., FLIR cameras); digital elevation/surface models from airborne sensors (e.g., Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR), or 3D laser scans) and satellite imagery (e.g., tri-stereo Pléiades, SPOT-6/7, PlanetScope); airborne hyperspectral surveys; geophysics (e.g., ground-penetrating radar, electromagnetic induction, magnetic survey); ground-based acoustic infrasound; ground-based scanning UV spectrometers; and ground-based and satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging (e.g., TerraSAR-X, Sentinel-1, Radarsat-2). Data processing approaches and methods include change detection, offset tracking, Interferometric SAR (InSAR), photogrammetry, hotspots and anomalies detection, neural networks, numerical modeling, inversion modeling, wavelet transforms, and image segmentation. Some authors also share codes for automated data analysis and demonstrate methods for post-processing standard products that are made available for end users, and which are expected to stimulate the research community to exploit them in other volcanological application contexts. The geographic breath is global, with case studies in Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Hawai'i, Alaska, Kamchatka, Japan, Indonesia, Vanuatu, Réunion Island, Ethiopia, Canary Islands, Greece, Italy, and Iceland. The added value of the published research lies on the demonstration of the benefits that these remote sensing technologies have brought to knowledge of volcanoes that pose risk to local communities; back-analysis and critical revision of recent volcanic eruptions and unrest periods; and improvement of modeling and prediction methods. Therefore, this Special Issue provides not only a collection of forefront research in remote sensing applied to volcanology, but also a selection of case studies proving the societal impact that this scientific discipline can potentially generate on volcanic hazard and risk management.


The development of strategies for the integration of first-principles methods with crystallographic database mining for the discovery and design of novel polar materials is discussed, drawing on the results and experience derived from exploratory investigations on three different systems: (1) the double perovskite Sr(Sb1/2Mn1/2)O3 as a candidate semiconducting ferroelectric; (2) polar derivatives of schafarzikite MSb2O4; and (3) ferroelectric semiconductors with formula M2P2(S,Se)6. A variety of avenues for further research and investigation are suggested, including automated structure type classification, low-symmetry improper ferroelectrics, and high-throughput first-principles searches for additional representatives of minor structural families with desirable functional properties.


In this paper, the cohomology endomorphisms of flag manifold G/T of compact simple Lie group G is completely classified, and the Lefschetz number of these endomorphisms are computed.


Oleic acid was used in low-temperature hydrothermal reaction of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) to control the growth direction of TiO2 particles. TiO2 nano-crystallines in the shapes of needle and spindle were synthesized. The morphology and structure of these TiO2 particles were confirmed by means of TEM and XRD. The FT-IR spectrum analysis proved that oleic acid molecule was absorbed onto the surface of TiO2 particles through electrostatic interaction. The band-gap energies of TiO2 nano-crystallines were calculated according to their UV-Vis spectra. In the photocatalytic reaction, the spindle TiO2 particles showed higher activity, and 90% rhodanmine B was degraded in 60 min.