Background: Opportunistic infections (OIs) are clinical clues for clinicians to suspect an HIV or AIDS diagnosis and often patients contact healthcare due to OI, not because of HIV infection itself. OIs come with various clinical presentations which pose difficult challenges for clinicians to diagnose and treat. Case description: A young male was referred due to progressive weakness of both limbs in the last two months prior to admission. Physical examination showed loss of sensation in thoracal segment level VII-VIII. Laboratory tests showed positive HIV tests, low CD4 and detectable HIV RNA load. MRI showed tuberculomatous lesion in spinal cord thoracal vertebrae level I-X and syringomyelia. Patient received cotrimoxazole, antituberculous drugs and antiretroviral drugs but he died before anti-tuberculous treatment complete. Conclusion: Intramedullary spinal tuberculosis is very rare, and its clinical presentation is unspecified. Neuroimaging such as MRI should be a mandatory to be performed since histopathological tests sometimes are unable to undergo. Pharmacological treatment is based on clinical judgement and surgical intervention should be offered if any indications exist.


This paper examines the changing role of coal in the world and in Asia. Particular attention is given to the rapidly growing demand for coal in electricity generation, the importance of China as a producer and consumer of coal, and the growing environmental challenge to coal. Attention is given to the increasing importance of low sulfur coal and Clean Coal Technologies in reducing the environmental impacts of coal burning.


In recent years, with the development of China's economy, teaching Chinese as a foreign language showing a good outlook. Chinese characters are difficult for foreigners to learn Chinese, is also the key well as the difficulty of Chinese teaching. We should focus on the different characteristics of Chinese learnersFrom the results of survey, we analyze the difference of learners. At the same time, we have put forward concrete teaching strategies for the Chinese learners.


Climate change represents an existential threat to many forest ecosystems because tree populations are often adapted to local climate means and variability. If tree populations cannot migrate or adapt, they risk becoming increasingly maladapted with climate change. This emerging mismatch underscores the need for climate adaptive management techniques, such as assisted migration of tree species, to help mitigate climate change impacts on forest ecosystems. Although biotic and abiotic factors are known to constrain tree establishment success, the extent to which they may determine the success of assisted migration plantings is poorly understood. Thus, defining the extent to which trees affect—and in turn are affected by local soil environments and microbial communities (i.e., plant-soil feedbacks; hereafter PSFs) remains important for guiding effective climate-adaptive forest management. Our objectives were to synthesize the current state of knowledge about the direction and magnitude of PSF effects on temperate tree species of eastern North America, and to identify key hypotheses important for guiding future research. To accomplish these goals, we conducted a meta-analysis of 26 peer-reviewed publications that addressed our criteria. Our compiled database included 61 tree species and was composed primarily of short-term greenhouse experiments that studied PSF effects by manipulating the soil biota in three ways: (1) soil was previously inoculated by a conspecific or heterospecific tree species (i.e., home vs. away), (2) soil was live or sterilized, or (3) soil was untreated or treated with fungicide. We found that PSF had significant effects on tree growth, with the direction and magnitude of PSF strongly dependent on tree mycorrhizal guild. Arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species grown in live or home soils grew 13–33% less than those in sterile or away soils, while ectomycorrhizal tree species grew 11–44% more in live or home than sterile or away soils. PSF effects were associated with several plant functional traits, including specific leaf area, tissue nitrogen, and specific root length. We provide suggestions on incorporating PSFs into assisted migration trials and outline key knowledge gaps for future research. Our synthesis of context-dependent effects of PSFs on tree performance will help inform management decisions involving assisted migration.


Cluster validity indexes have been used to evaluate the fitness of partitions produced by clustering algorithms. This paper presents a new validity index for fuzzy clustering called inter-cluster and intra-cluster separation (IC2S) index. Therefore, we proposed the function of disparity which combines the intra and inter-cluster separation existing between the clusters. The results of comparative study show that the proposed IC2S index has high ability in producing a good cluster number estimate. This performance is achieved by taking into consideration the existing disparity between clusters. To assess the new validation index, two data sets (Fisher's IRIS and Butterfly data set) were used and the results show that IC2S outperforms other clustering validation index for fuzzy c-means.


Yu Lian and Sun Shaoping are leading characters in Si Tangda's 《red and black》 and Lu Yao's 《the ordinary world》 Also is center in chinese and west literary works struggling characters.Because they occupy the foreign land in displaying the different national characteristics personally with society's wrestle,manly manifests in individual struggling course,treating love manner and result and connotation three aspects.


Objective:To study the effect of irbesartan on the left ventricular structure in patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).Methods:60 cases of hypertensive LVH were randomly divided into two groups:treatment group who took orally 150 mg irbesartan every day and control group who took orally 5 mg amlodipine every day for average time of 12 months.After administration,blood pressure,left ventricular structure were observed.Results:After administration,systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)in the two groups were significantly decreased(P0.01).In treatment group,the intraventricular septum thickness(IVST)and left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT)became obviously thin(P0.01);left ventricular mass index(LVMI)was reduced(P0.01).Howev-er there was no obvious changes in control group(P0.05).Conclusion:In the patients with hypertensive LVH,irbesartan not only has better effect of reducing blood pressure,but also can reverse LVH,improve the patients'prognosis.


The present invention relates to a receiver apparatus and method for detecting a block length of data blocks in a data network, wherein, calculating the corresponding theoretical maximum metric for the decoding operation for each of the plurality of candidate block lengths; the a respective theoretical maximum value and comparing the calculated actual value of the corresponding metric, the metric is the actual value of the plurality of candidate block lengths each obtained by the decoding operation is. Thus, selecting a candidate block length with the highest ratio between said respective actual value and said respective theoretical maximum value from said plurality of candidate block lengths.


In this paper, a low-profile circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna with high gain and enhanced axial-ratio bandwidth is presented. The antenna is composed of a pin-loaded patch radiator and a probe-fed non-radiative ring resonator. On the one hand, the patch radiator dominates the radiation, and the loading of shorting pins facilitates its high gain due to enlarged radiating area at resonance. On the other hand, the ring resonator with perturbation produces two additional split degenerate modes, which not only widens the bandwidth of magnitude, but also generates the required quadrature phase shift for CP radiation. With these arrangements, attractive features such as stable high gain, improved AR bandwidth and low profile are achieved simultaneously, demonstrating the unique advantages of this technique.


As a result of digital subtrac-tion angiography, patients treated with EVT are exposed to a larger volume of contrast medium than other patients with stroke, which may increase the burden of kidney metabolism, especially in patients with RI. However, the association between RI and stroke outcome after EVT remains unclear, which limits the estimation of patient prognosis by clinicians involved in EVT decision-making. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to investigate the association Abstract : Background: The association between renal impairment (RI) and stroke outcome after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) remains unclear, which limits the estimation of patient prognosis by clinicians involved in EVT decision-making. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between RI and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes in patients treated with EVT. Methods: Studies involving the association between RI at admission and AIS outcomes after EVT were retrieved from the PubMed and Embase databases from their inception to 17 January 2022. A fixed-effects model was used to synthesize the data of the included studies. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Results: Overall, 11 studies, including 5053 patients with stroke receiving EVT, were included in the full analysis. In unadjusted analyses, RI was associated with 3-month poor functional outcome and mortality; the odds ratios (ORs) were 2.13 [10 studies; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.77–2.56; I 2 = 45%] and 2.42 (8 studies; 95% CI, 2.02–2.90; I 2 = 58%), respectively. In adjusted analyses, the above associations remained significant; the OR of the 3-month poor functional outcome was 1.49 (5 studies; 95% CI, 1.17–1.90; I 2 = 58%), and the OR of the 3-month mortality was 1.84 (6 studies; 95% CI, 1.45–2.33; I 2 = 74%). Similar results were obtained in sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Our results suggest that in patients with AIS who underwent EVT, RI at admission was associated with 3-month poor functional outcome and mortality.


Significance Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the global COVID-19 pandemic. Although ongoing vaccination drastically reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection, mutant viruses are emerging under the pressure of neutralizing antibodies, calling for new antiviral strategies. Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 couples evasion of inflammatory response to activated nucleotide synthesis. Inhibition of a key metabolic enzyme not only depletes the nucleotide pool but also restores host inflammatory defense, thereby effectively impeding SARS-CoV-2 replication. Targeting cellular enzymes offers an avenue to combat rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.


Analog photonic techniques can perform better than conventional digital electronics, which have significant limitations when it comes to processing fast RF signals on the fly. We show that a simple photonic architecture, based on a bi-directional frequency-shifting loop, makes it possible to calculate in real time the cross-correlation function of two broadband signals for about 200 values of their delay simultaneously. Additionally, our architecture also enables to perform spectral analysis of signals with 16 GHz instantaneous bandwidth, 100 % probability of interception, and detection electronics below 10 MSa/s.


By using the perturbation results of sums of ranges of accretive mappings,we study the existence of solution of one kinds of nonlinear elliptic boundary value problem which is related to p in Lp(Ω),where 2NN+1p+∞ and N1.The equation discussed in this paper and methods used here are extension and complement to our previous works.


In order to develop one kind of intelligence-promoting milk for children,DHA and taurine were added to milk,together with isomaltooligosaccharide helping nutrient absorption.The composition and dosage of minor ingredients,and the production process of the milk were optimized,and the formula determined to give a final product with both intelligence promoting effects and good taste and stability.


Conventional tillage systems are reported to cause soil degradation, get appropriate conservation tillage practices have not been developed for cold regions of the northern Canadian Prairies. Effects of conventional, reduced, and zero tillage systems (CT, RT, and ZT) on the growth of dryland spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), canola (Brassica campestris L.), and weeds were studied on a clay soil (Natriboralf) near Rycroft in northern Alberta. Each crop-tillage combination was fixed in space from 1989 through 1991. Each season, the CT plots were tilled once in the preceding fall and twice in the spring prior to seeding; the RT plots were tilled once prior to seeding in the spring; the ZT plots received a preseeding glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] application in the spring. Crop residue in ZT was spread evenly by harrowing in the spring just prior to seeding. The 1991 available NO 3 -N, NH 4 -N, and P in soil or total plant N and P were unaffected by tillage, except that NO 3 -N was lower under ZT canola. No consistent effect of tillage was detected on total soil moisture, except for lower moisture in the 0- to 10-cm depth under CT in dry periods. As the study progressed, there was a trend of increased weed population response to tillage, relatively greater weed density under ZT, and a shift in species composition. Mean barley total dry matter (TDM) yield was 3.37, 3.09, and 2.93 Mg ha -1 and grain yield was 1.59, 1.41, and 1.35 Mg ha -1 under RT, ZT, and CT, respectively. Mean canola TDM yield was 2.92, 2.36, and 2.12 Mg ha -1 and grain yield was 0.84, 0.66, and 0.59 Mg ha -1 , under RT, CT, and ZT, respectively. In most cases, however, tillage effects on mean crop yields were nonsignificant (P≤0.05). Overall, RT was considered to be agronomically and environmentally desirable, due to somewhat better crop yield than either CT or ZT systems and two fewer cultivations than CT


Where you can find the the art and flair of mary blair an appreciation easily? Is it in the book store? On-line book store? are you sure? Keep in mind that you will find the book in this site. This book is very referred for you because it gives not only the experience but also lesson. The lessons are very valuable to serve for you, that's not about who are reading this the art and flair of mary blair an appreciation book. It is about this book that will give wellness for all people from many societies.


This chapter shows a link between levels of mass education in 1870 and corruption levels in 2010 for 78 countries that remains strong when controlling for change in the level of education, GDP/ capita, and democracy. A model for the causal mechanism between universal education and control of corruption is presented. Early introduction of universal education is linked to levels of economic equality and to efforts to increase state capacity. First, societies with more equal education gave citizens more opportunities and power for opposing corruption. Secondly, the need for increased state capacity was a strong motivation for the introduction of universal education in many countries. Strong states provided more education to their publics and such states were more common where economic disparities were initially smaller.


The utility model relates to a portable remote-control vegetation cover degree integrated measurement apparatus, comprising a support rod, a main rod, a top rod, a cross rod and a pick-up head. The support rod is connected with the main rod by a pin axle or a screw, the main rod is connected with the top rod by the pin axle or the screw, the cross rod is arranged in a fixation round tube of the top rod and the pick-up head is fixed on the end of the cross rod. The stability and controllability of the apparatus is increased; the automaticity obtained by the vegetational cover data is increased by developing the digital image process software system; the camera coverage, the edge deformation are relatively rigidly controlled and the precision for measuring the vegetational cover degree is increased by limiting the picking-up range, adjusting the vertical visual angle and automatically focusing the pick-up head. The measurement apparatus has practical value and wide application foreground in the measurement field of the vegetational cover degree.


The combination of an extended iterative scattering procedure and the orthogonal expansion method is used to obtain the scattering matrix for multi-port waveguide junctions. Frequency responses of the transmission coefficients in a rectangular waveguide, describing the resonances of the posts on the dominant waveguide mode, are derived. The validity and accuracy of the method is verified by comparing the numerical results with those given in literature.


We show that topological frequency band structures emerge in one-dimensional (1D) electromagnetic (EM) lattices of metamaterial components without the application of an external magnetic field. Such lattices can be cavity arrays coupled with metamaterial elements which generate alternate positive and negative-phase hopping strengths. The topological nature of the band structure manifests itself by the occurrence of Dirac points in the band structure, by the emergence of edge modes in finite arrays as well as by a nonreciprocal scattering spectrum. Specific EM designs for demonstrating the above phenomena are discussed.


Introduction: Chiral fields and Sin-Gordon equation generalized Heisenberg magnet and VNS equation. Conservation laws and algebro-geometric solutions: local conservation laws generalized lax equations algebro-geometric solutions of basic equations algebro-geometric solutions of Sin-Gordon, NS Backlund transforms and inverse problem: Backlund transformations introduction to the scattering theory appplications of the inverse problem method.


Mental illness is common, complex and costly. In June 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) published its largest review of mental health since the turn of the century, in a report titled World Mental Health Report: Transforming Mental Health for All1. The WHO notes that almost one billion people around the world live with a mental disorder2. Suicide accounts for more than one in 100 deaths. Despite this, 71 per cent of people with psychosis (severe mental illness) do not receive the mental healthcare they need, according to the WHO2. Even in high-income countries, only one-third of people with depression access formal psychiatric treatment. Clearly, mental illness is a public health problem of the utmost gravity and urgency.


The invention discloses an acid-cooling crystallization device for bath fluid, which comprises a bath fluid precooler, a bath fluid cooler, a crystallizer, a sulfuric acid absorber and an exhaust gas cooler; wherein a first bath fluid inlet is inserted into bath fluid; a first evaporation gas outlet is connected to a first evaporation gas inlet; a mixed liquid outlet is connected to a mixed liquid inlet; a second evaporation gas outlet is connected to a second evaporation gas inlet; a third evaporation gas outlet is connected to a third evaporation gas inlet; and a fourth evaporation gas outlet is connected to a fourth evaporation gas inlet. Compared with the prior art, in the acid-cooling crystallization device, cooling water and sulfuric acid are used as cooling media commonly, water vapor evaporated from the bath fluid is absorbed by concentrated sulfuric acid with moisture absorption property for concentration and crystallization, and the acid-cooling crystallization device is suitable for processing various kinds of bath fluid containing crystallizable matters; and the acid-cooling crystallization device can replace current common water-cooling crystallization systems to save a large amount of cooling water and reduce the pollution to environment.


Implementing cryptography on Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, that is resilient against side channel analysis, has so far been a task only suitable for specialist software designers in interaction with access to a sophisticated testing facility. Recently a novel tool has been developed, ELMO, which offers the potential to enable non-specialist software developers to evaluate their code w.r.t. power analysis for a popular IoT processor. We explain a crucial extension of ELMO, which enables a user to test higher-order masking schemes much more efficiently than so far possible as well as improve the ease and speed of diagnosing masking errors.


In this study, the application of conventional flotation and floc-flotation methods to the wastewater containing suspended particles have been investigated. The experiments were carried out in two stages in the Jameson flotation Cell. The results obtained from the two methods were compared. The effect of flotation time and polymer type on the fine particle removal efficiency and residual turbidity was also determined. As a result of experimental studies, it was found that higher particle removal recovery and lower residual turbidity were obtained by floc-flotation compared to conventional flotation. Increasing flotation time increased fine particle floatability and decreased residual turbidity. In 1st stage of the experiments, 96.6% of the floatability recoveries and 304 NTU residual turbidity value was obtained with the combination of anionic polymer (SPP 508) and anionic surfactant (Aero 845) at the end of the 10 minutes flotation time. After 10 minutes of 2nd stage experiments, over 98% of floatability recoveries were obtained by floc flotation. The residual turbidity value of wastewater was decreased from the initial turbidity value of 12000 NTU to 78 NTU by anionic polymer, to 39 NTU by cationic polymer, and 27 NTU by a nonionic polymer.


Objective To understand diabetes Hohhot residents(DM) and impaired fasting glucose(IFT) disease status and related influencing factors. Methods Choose to participate in 2012 chronic disease investigation project of census register population over the age of 15 as the research object, a total of 2 791 people. The fasting blood sugar measured as the main diagnostic index, combining with glucose tolerance test and medical history of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose.Patients were compared using the chi-square test and linear trend test. Results 15 years of age or older residents of impaired fasting glucose prevalence was 3.9%, male was 3.4%, the female is 4.3; 15~、18~、45~、65~year-old impaired fasting glucose prevalence among all age groups, respectively was 2.1%、3.9%、4.9%、5.4%. 15 years of age or older residents diabetes prevalence was 3.0%, 3.0% of men and women was 3.0; In different age groups, 15~、18~、45 years old, 65~year-old-age groups prevalence was 1.0%、3.4%、3.9%、3.7%. Conclusion 15 years of age or older residents prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose increased dramatically with age, there was no statistically significant difference between different genders.


How to establish the disaster prevention plan and the emergency management system is pointed out in this paper. The disaster prevention plan system and the trinal emergency management system of the central government, local governments and social organizations should be established to decrease the damage of the disaster to minimum.The construction of the emergency network of all the society is an important aspect for the disaster prevention.


Individuals in work teams frequently cross boundaries across teams, often by using information and communication technologies (ICTs). The current study investigates the effects of members' boundary work and the visibility affordance of teams' ICTs on Transactive Memory Systems (TMS) in teams. Survey data from 212 full-time employees whose work hours were divided between multiple teams reveals that boundary spanning enhances the focal team's TMS specialization and credibility and negatively influences TMS coordination. Additionally, boundary reinforcement positively affects TMS credibility and coordination. The visibility affordance has a direct positive effect on all three dimensions of TMS and a moderating effect for boundary reinforcement such that higher visibility overrides the positive direct effect of boundary reinforcement on TMS. These findings suggest that different types of boundary work contribute to different dimensions of TMS and that teams might consider prioritizing the use of ICTs with high visibility to enhance their TMS.


Most recently, electrochromic (EC) oxides, such as WO3, have transcended far beyond their traditional scope of transmission modulation in smart windows. The ionically facilitated EC effect, leads to an extraordinary increase in excess charge carriers in the host oxide, effectively doping WO3 up to 1022 cm-3 electrons. With the protonation doping, the dielectric properties of the given oxide can be altered dynamically and locally. Hence, WO3 changes its refractive index from n = 1.9 to 2.3, and its extinction by Δ𝑘 = 0.5 in the near infrared (NIR). Here, we introduce a plasmonic, EC ('plasmochromic') nanowaveguide modulator, for ultrahigh modulation depth. WO3 is integrated into a plasmonic metalinsulator- metal (MIM) waveguide structure with a dual-function waveguide core containing amorphous LiNbO3 (LN). In this novel architecture, LN provides sufficient ionic conduction for EC switching, while simultaneously supporting optical mode propagation. By decoupling the ionic pathway and the direction of plasmon propagation, the EC waveguide achieves unprecedented modulation speed and depth when compared to traditional EC devices. FDTD simulations predict a maximum modulation depth of 80 dB for 20 μm waveguide length, while measured values show up to 2.5 dB/μm modulation with switching times of a few seconds. The waveguide platform further provides great retention (> 20 h) of the switching state, while allowing very low operating voltages with a figure of merit of 8 dB/V. We envision EC oxide to provide pathways to dynamic photonic devices under low voltage settings, where high modulation is necessary.


The MARSIS experiment (Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding) onboard Mars Express is a ground penetrating radar for the investigation of the Martian surface and subsurface structure. A particular objective is the search for underground water and ice, which is thought to be essential in the evolution of microbial life. The MARSIS antenna system consists of a primary dipole and a secondary monopole. The dipole transmits radar pulses and receives their echoes from the surface. The monopole is only used as a receiving antenna, serving for the cancellation of surface clutter echoes. An exact knowledge of the reception properties of the antenna system is essential for the evaluation of the sounding measurements. These properties, in particular the monopole gain and the effect of polarization, are perturbed by the spacecraft body. Numerical simulations are performed to determine the deviation from the idealized dipole and monopole behavior, respectively. The influences of the antenna feed configuration and various spacecraft parts are illustrated. Furthermore, the effect of the dipole matching network and the consequences of wave polarization are discussed.


The title of this special issue of Sociological Spectrum, ''Binders Full of Women: Gendered Identities, Experiences, and Institutions,'' was prompted by a comment made during the second U.S. presidential debate at Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York on October 16, 2012. In response to a question about pay inequality for women, presidential candidate Mitt Romney answered with an anecdote about how he attempted to include women in his state cabinet by approaching women's groups to ask for help finding qualified women. He went on to say that ''they brought us whole 'binders full of women.''' This statement prompted an outcry from feminists and led to lively discussions on news and other media forums. We chose to use this title not to take an individual politician to task over a 'gaffe,' but rather to challenge the commonsense notion that all we need to do to reach gender parity is 'add women and stir.' Thus, this special issue highlights the important differences between a simple inclusion of women into existing institutional practices, and analyzing the macro and micro implications of gender as structure and process. While an inclusion of women would mean counting women's bodies to ensure equal representation, an analytical focus on gender, and the way that gendered identities, experiences, organizations, and institutions are constructed, requires a fundamental examination of the very foundations of society. For example, when women fought for and earned the right to vote in the United States, women were permitted at the polls. However, it was mainly their bodies—not their ideas—that were included in the process. Thus, a simple inclusion of women's bodies at the polls did little to represent women's experiences and complex gendered identities in law, policy, and culture. As a result, the existing political system was not significantly transformed, although some women were allowed entry into the demos—as long as they did not seriously challenge predominant gendered practices. The same can be said of other institutions. For example, as women entered the labor force in large numbers, the


The rheological properties of crosslinkable water-borne acrylate resin based on the terpolymer of methyl-methacrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylate acid were studied with a rotation viscosimer. The factors investigated include the resin content, chelate content and the hydration by ammonia. The results show that the rheological characteristics of crosslinkable water-borne acrylate resin behave as non-Newtontian shear-thinning fluid. With the increase of the content of the resin and the chelate, the thickening ability can be improved. The hydration by ammonia provides the system with good viscosity properties and enhanced non-Newtontian rheological characteristic.


We present an accurate non-linear matter power spectrum prediction scheme for a variety of extensions to the standard cosmological paradigm, which uses the tuned halo model previously developed in Mead et al.. We consider dark energy models that are both minimally and non-minimally coupled, massive neutrinos and modified gravitational forces with chameleon and Vainshtein screening mechanisms. In all cases we compare halo-model power spectra to measurements from high-resolution simulations. We show that the tuned halo model method can predict the non-linear matter power spectrum measured from simulations of parameterized w(a) dark energy models at the few per cent level for k 0:5hMpc 1 . An updated version of our publicly available HMCODE can be found at https://github.com/alexander-mead/hmcode.


Seven years ago, a high-up loser who worked for a publishing concern with offices in London and New York wrote me a letter-people still did in those days-remarking that a paper I had recently given at a seminar had an interesting title...


Linen textiles appear to be some of the oldest in the world. Nowadays flax fibres are coming back to the fashion industry thanks to their freshness, comfort, and innovative technologies providing the elegance of and demand for linen clothing. Direct dyes are popular for dyeing cellulosic fibres due to their reasonable price and easy use. As the first synthetic dyes they are currently used for dyeing textile materials in order to repair and consolidate the threads. Unfortunately, these dyes have only moderate fastness properties. Many studies have been conducted to improve substantivity of anionic direct dyes for cellulosic materials. In most cases the suggested methods are expensive and technologically complicated. We examined the colour properties of the fabric dyed with direct dyes in the case the linen fabric was modified by alkali and enzyme BEISOL PRO treatment. To evaluate the modification effect, the colour characteristics before and after light test were used, and the fastness to rubbing as well as mechanical properties were determined. The colour characteristics of dyed fabrics and the fastness to rubbing differed depending on the used dye. The wet fastness to rubbing was lower than the dry fastness. The tensile strength and elongation in the warp direction were superior in all cases and did not depend on the used dye. The influence of modification type on fabric light resistance was not significant.


Abstract 1530 Rationale: Anemia has been shown to have an adverse impact on patient outcomes. In the transfusion literature, various blood conservation and patient blood management systems have been proposed as a way to reduce the burden of anemia. An important component of limiting blood loss is the reduction of iatrogenic blood loss through diagnostic phlebotomy. Studies in the phlebotomy and transfusion literature largely focus on small patient populations on critical care units. Such research provides a great depth of information about those settings, but the impact of diagnostic phlebotomy on the broader inpatient population is unknown. We present a novel method, not previously described in the literature, characterising the extent of iatrogenic blood loss in inpatients at our institution. Methods and results: Following a pilot project, data from September 1 to December 1, 2009 were queried from the institution9s laboratory information system. This comprehensive dataset included records of tests conducted during 7503 admissions of patients (n=6733) at twelve individual facilities within Capital District Health Authority (CDHA). There were 70,790 unique laboratory orders, for which a total of 397,770 individual tests were performed. This required a total of 120,398 tubes of blood drawn for a cumulative volume of 648,350 mL from the entire population. The majority of tests were done on a "routine" basis (44,820/ 70,790 orders, 63%); most testing was also done after the first day of admission (59,051/ 70,790 orders, 83%). Patient demographics and testing burden are contrasted by gender in Table 1; males appear to experience a higher testing burden than females, despite similar mean length of stay. There were 618 (9%) of 6733 inpatients having ≥250mL (approximately 1 unit of packed red cells) phlebotomised (Table 1). Phlebotomy volumes are unevenly distributed across the age range, with patients in the two youngest age groups demonstrating lower mean cumulative volumes than older patients (Table 2). When individual admissions are examined, phlebotomy volume per patient is greater in hospitals providing tertiary care, as contrasted to other facilities. At the nursing unit level, the cumulative phlebotomy volume exceeded the population average on patients admitted to critical care units, long term care units and medical wards. This trend was also reflected in the testing performance of service providers, where patients cared for by critical care physicians and internal medicine teams had greater than average phlebotomy volumes. Conclusions: The study demonstrates consistent findings with the critical care literature and identifies a patient population – elderly males – who may be at risk for greater phlebotomy volumes. This study also demonstrates that informatics-based methods can be used to quantify phlebotomy-related blood loss across a broad range of facilities, and identify patient and institution-related variables associated with higher total blood loss. This data set will also provide the ability to model the impact of interventions such as small-volume tubes, direct clinician education initiatives, and could be the basis for a feedback tool in the future. Given the widespread use of laboratory information systems throughout the industrialized world, this approach is readily transferable to other institutions, where it may be used to help reduce iatrogenic blood loss, reduce testing costs and improve patient outcomes. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


When pure thyroxine suspended in distilled water is administered by mouth it has only a slight effect on the basal metabolism (1). However, if pure thyroxine is dissolved in an excess of sodium hydroxide (presumably forming the disodium salt of thyroxine (2)) and is then administered by mouth, there is a well-marked increase in the basal metabolism which, on the average, is 63 per cent as great as the increase which follows the intravenous administration of thyroxine in the same form (3, 4). If the monosodium salt of thyroxine (tablets) is administered by mouth, the increase in basal metabolism is only 22 per cent as great as that which follows the intravenous injection of an equivalent dose of thyroxine in alkaline solution (1, 5). Thus an alkaline solution of thyroxine is nearly three times as effective, on the average, as an equivalent dose of the monosodium salt when both compounds are administered by mouth. Furthermore, it has been noted that the increase in basal metabolism produced by the oral administration of single large doses of thyroxine in alkaline solution is, on the average, about the same as that produced by single large doses of desiccated thyroid containing the same amount of iodine (6, 7). By proteolytic digestion of thyroid, Harington and Salter (8) obtained a peptide of thyroxine which they state has " a much wider range of solubility" than thyroxine and contains thyroxine in a levorotatory form. Salter, Lerman and Means (9) have recently reported that this peptide had about the same effect whether given orally or intravenously and that it had the same effect as racemic thyroxine when both were administered intravenously in doses which contained the same total amounts of iodine. They have kindly informed us that, for oral administration, their peptide " was dissolved in sodium hydroxide " and the solution " then neutralized with phosphoric acid." It seemed desirable to compare the effect of oral administration of this peptide with that of an equivalent amount of thyroxine in alkaline solution.


To estimate the mumps vaccine effectiveness (VE) during a large genotype D mumps outbreak, we conducted a cross-sectional study in eight primary schools and associated households in the Netherlands. Questionnaires were used to collect information on the occurrence of mumps. Multivariate analyses were used to estimate VE. Among schoolchildren we estimated the VE against mumps. Among household contacts where the schoolchild was the index case we estimated the VE against mumps and against mumps infectiousness. In total 1175 children and 2281 household contacts participated in the study. The mumps


We propose a relatively simple method to measure the event time in liquid Argon (LAr) TPC-based neutrino detectors that takes advantage of the topological reconstruction of each event from the TPC data prior to performing a one-parameter fit. Measured times and positions of detected photons are fit to the expected pattern of light from the tracks as reconstructed using the electron drift. The event can be treated as a rigid body with only the neutrino interaction time as a free parameter. The optical properties of LAr are comparable to those of water for Cherenkov light in visible wavelengths. Data-Monte Carlo comparisons of the light patterns, given the known track topology from electron drift, enable in situ calibration of the optical model and further optimization of the timing. A back-of-the-envelope calculation predicts that the single parameter fit for the interaction time requires a significantly lower photodetector coverage than needed for the same precision in conventional warm-liquid detectors.


ABSTRA CT Background: Chemotherapy is one of the management of cancer by administering a chemical compound (drug) to reduce, eliminate or inhibit the growth of cancer cells. One of the commonly used chemotherapy drugs are 5-Fluorouracil (5-fu) to the toxic effect is oral mucositis. Resulting in impired function of the mouth in general, lower quality of life, pain, malnutrition, even to the delay chemotherapy or adjustment/reduction of dose, this will lead to increased day care of patients in the hospital. Method: The application using the case study method with the application of the evidence based practice (EBN) Settler model. Result: Oral cryotherapy can reduce the incidence of oral mucositis and well tolerated and there were no adverse effects on the local or systemic treatment of oral cryotherapy. Conclusion: The effectiveness of nursing interventions that have been based on the EBN in helping to overcome the problem of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy 5-fu. Keywords: chemotherapy, cryotherapy, evidence based practice, oral mucositis


The information is the criterion of the order in the object system construction and its energy or usable degree. The human being is an organization in higher order. The organization keeps order by obtaining information, energy and material from outside environment Any lack or overload of life information could impair human's health. According to the relation of human being and material, energy and information, this article researches the characteristic of all kinds information and the acting relation model of human being. Finally the article analyzes the relation of information and building environment and further expounds the content of 'life-care environment' advanced by the author.


AT THE EUGENICS SOCIETY'S Symposium in 1965, Genetic and Environmental Factors in Human Ability, reference was made to differential fertility of various kinds, and it was inquired to what extent its effects might be mitigated or offset by differential marriage. So far as social class disparities are concerned, some information is available from most of the recent Censuses of England and Wales. The occupational analyses prepared by the Registrar score and a high proportion marrying, the same result is not found in analyses by social class, and one reason for this may lie in the exclusion of the unoccupied. Generally similar features were disclosed by the 1911 Census figures. Confirmation from some more modem statistics can be obtained from the 1951 Census data as follows: first, data are available for sDecific occunation grouns. and from these one


Purpose
With the help of basic physics, the application of computer algorithms in the form of recent advances such as machine learning and neural networking in textile Industry has been discussed in this review. Scientists have linked the underlying structural or chemical science of textile materials and discovered several strategies for completing some of the most time-consuming tasks with ease and precision. Since the 1980s, computer algorithms and machine learning have been used to aid the majority of the textile testing process. With the rise in demand for automation, deep learning, and neural networks, these two now handle the majority of testing and quality control operations in the form of image processing.

Design/methodology/approach
The state-of-the-art of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the textile sector is reviewed in this paper. Based on several research problems and AI-based methods, the current literature is evaluated. The research issues are categorized into three categories based on the operation processes of the textile industry, including yarn manufacturing, fabric manufacture and coloration.

Findings
AI-assisted automation has improved not only machine efficiency but also overall industry operations. AI's fundamental concepts have been examined for real-world challenges. Several scientists conducted the majority of the case studies, and they confirmed that image analysis, backpropagation and neural networking may be specifically used as testing techniques in textile material testing. AI can be used to automate processes in various circumstances.

Originality/value
This research conducts a thorough analysis of artificial neural network applications in the textile sector.


Objective: To investigate the effects of different body temperatures on prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Method: 102 cases with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage from January in 2006 to January in 2008 were divided into the different group,and the prognosis of patients were observed.Result: The case fatality of normal body temperatures group and low-grade fever group was lower than that of midrange fever group and ardent fever group,and there was significant difference between two groups(P0.05).The case fatality was 66.67% in group which fever occured in 2 days after admission,20.59% in group which fever occured in 2 to 3 days after admission and was 0 in group which fever occured more than 3 days after admission,and there were significant differences between them(P0.05).The NDS and ADL in normal body temperatures group and low-grade fever group were superior to those in midrange fever group and ardent fever group,and there was significant difference between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion: The body temperature is more higher,fever occured more early,and the prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is more bad.And the clinician must think highly of it.


During the recent years there has been a strong move from science and technology policy towards innovation policy. This has meant that new actors have been involved in S&T policy discussion. There are many profits from technology foresight in adding together to the knowledge and consensus they generate. The knowledge economy raise significant role of understanding and managing knowledge base assets such as innovation and patent. Nowadays patent data are more important for technology change and innovation activities. Patent data represent technological innovations. In this paper we estimate the share of Number of triadic patent families of in each country to total OECD and in addition examine the growth of number of patent in each OECD countries. For the empirical analysis we use data for the period 1992–2002.


Adults are believed to have abstract syntactic categories that they use to generate their observable utterances (e.g., closed-class categories like NEGation and open-class categories like VERB to generate don't go). However, there's been significant debate about when children develop syntactic categories and how to accurately assess what category knowledge they have when. We review prior approaches to assessing children's developing knowledge of syntactic categories, and then present our quantitative approach, which synthesizes insights from this prior work. This allows us to (i) define possible child representations for multi-word combinations, and (ii) calculate the observed vs. expected linguistic production properties for each possible representation. We use this approach to investigate the existence of both closed-class and open-class syntactic categories in a 20to 24-monthold child's verb phrases. We evaluate whether the child's observed production matches the expected production when the child uses a specific category representation, and find that the child's productions are compatible only with representations that have adult-like closed-class categories (NEG, AUXiliary), but not adult-like open-class categories (NOUN, VERB). We conclude with implications for the development of syntactic categories.


The standard "GB/T 5169.15:2008" is about apparatus and conformational test methods.It prescribes the process of 500W flames'conformational testmethods.The following assess about the material is d epend on the flame.If it can't meet the require,the conclusion can't reflect the performance of the material.In this test,fond some key points and problems,then discuss it.


From left: Unidentified, South African Communist Party's (SACP) Chris Hani, Congresss of South African Trade Unions' (Cosatu) Jay Naidoo and African National Congress' (ANC) Cyril Ramaphosa lead the march on the budget in central Cape Town.


The purpose of this paper is to develop road accident prediction model and to identify the important variables for the occurrence of accidents so that new insights can be obtained for safety intervention programs in the Great Britain. Generalized regression models with Poisson and negative binomial probability functions were fitted by using GenStat software. The daily accident data were extracted from official STATS 19 records from 1991 to 2002. Two data sets were developed, one for whole of Great Britain and other for 51 groups of counties separately. Each group represents a Police force that covers one or more counties. The variables used were day, month, year, holidays, Christmas, time, and New Year for the data set of whole Great Britain. The variables of population, length of roads, population density and the police force were used in addition to all other variables for the data set of 51 groups of counties. An incremental approach was used for adding variables during the modeling process. The negative binomial regression model was selected because the data were found to be over dispersed relative to a Poisson process. The most dangerous day and month were found to be respectively Friday and November. Christmas, New Year, and holidays had fewer accidents than other days probably because of low traffic. The day of week, population, population density, length of roads and police force variables were found to explain most of the variation in daily accident occurrence. Keywords: Negative binomial regression, Poisson regression, STATS 19 data, standardized deviance residual.


Emissions from the automobiles causes major damage to the environment. Carbon dioxide is one among the green house gas responsible for enhanced greenhouse effect.Fossil fuel combustion produces maximum amount of CO2. Reduction of CO2 from internal combustion engines is mandated to control CO2 emission. To overcome all these sorts, most of the automobile vehicles are employed with catalytic converter. As parts of our extended effort to control exhaust CO2 from automobiles, we have undergone a study of CO2 adsorption using modified ZSM-5 zeolite as a catalyst in the reactor.The exhaust stream from tail pipe allowed passing through the system, which is operated with the help of valves to regulate the flow. A flow meter is installed before reactor will help in measuring the flow velocity. CO2 adsorption on ZSM-5 zeolite at idle condition is high, whereas it is somewhat lower at rated speeds. Various tests are conducted at different speeds and the results are showing a conformal reduction in CO2 and other exhaust gases.


N OW THAT FOURTH year Spanish in the high school is here to stay and fifth year Spanish is rapidly finding a place in the high school curriculum,' several questions arise that need answers. One of the main questions is how to teach literature at that age and intelligence level, maintain interest and succeed in creating not only interest but enthusiasm as well. Our intent here is to try to show how literature can be made meaningful and enjoyable to this group of youngsters. Throughout our presentation we will keep in mind these questions which should be ever present in the classroom situation. (1) What shall be the criteria for our selection of reading material? (2) Does our presentation allow for individual interest and intellectual capacity? (3) How far can we lead each student and how much can we demand of him/her?


Survivable systems must identify and isolate any damage as quickly as possible to avoid infection epidemic and outbreak in case of a malicious attack. Any delay during the fault detection and isolation process may lead to system unavailability and is unacceptable in mission-critical applications. In this paper a model is presented to perform damage assessment, fault identification and advance warning. The objective is to help confine the damage propagation (direct or transitive), while making the system survive ongoing attacks and performing necessary self-healing. Our major contribution is the study of the patterns of interconnection communications among applications and the use of communication graphs in damage identification and containment.


This paper addresses procurement planning in oil refining, which has until now only had limited attention in the literature. We introduce a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model and develop a novel two-stage solution approach, which aims at computational efficiency while addressing the problems due to discrepancies between a non-linear and a linearized formulation. The proposed model covers realistic settings by allowing the blending of crude oil in storage tanks, by modeling storage tanks and relevant processing units individually, and by handling more crude oil types and quality parameters than eywords: rocurement planning il refining industry ixed integer non-linear programming olution approach in previous literature. The developed approach is tested using historical data from Statoil A/S as well as through a comprehensive numerical analysis. The approach generates a feasible procurement plan within acceptable computation time, is able to quickly adjust an existing plan to take advantage of individual procurement opportunities, and can be used within a rolling time horizon scheme. rude oil scheduling ecision support


The chaos and bifurcations in transverse motion of an axially moving thin plate under external and parametric excitations are studied herein. The geometric nonlinearity is introduced by using the von Karman large deflection theory. The coupled partial differential equations of transverse deflection and stress are truncated into a set of ordinary differential equations. By using the Poincare map and the largest Lyapunov exponent, the dynamical behaviors including chaos are identified based on numerical solutions of the ordinary differential equations. The bifurcation diagrams are presented for different parameters, such as axially moving velocity, damping, external and parametric excitation amplitudes. The chaos is detected in both cases of external and parametric excitations. The interesting relevance between onset of chaos with the corresponding linear instability range are indicated in the external and parametric responses.


Computer security is beyond the external protections of software systems. Main concern lies inside the software systems due to weak and non-verified design. A significant portion of the software security problems lies within the software itself. Internal software security is more critical as compared to external protections. Many techniques and methodologies have been developed to address the issues of internal security of software systems. Threat modeling is one of such techniques. Threat modeling is a methodology performed at the early stages of software development. In threat modeling all possible threats to software systems can be identified. Also mitigation measures are generated as part of this process. Threat modeling methodologies such as Secure Development Lifecycle (SDL) and Threat Analysis Methodology (TAM) practicing in industry and academia rely on informal and semi-formal techniques. These techniques lead to inconsistencies in the design of systems due to ambiguities of these techniques. Formal methods are based on mathematics and used for specification, analysis and design of software systems. By using formal methods software systems can be analyzed and verified at the design level. As a result of this, more accurate, reliable and inconsistencies free software systems can be produced. In this paper, a new methodology based on formal methods has been introduced for developing secure web applications. The central idea of this methodology: Formal Development Methodology for Secure Web Applications (FDMSWAP) is threat modeling process to extract security requirements at the early stages of software development and to integrate these security properties into the design of software. Then the resulting design is analyzed, verified and validated by using formal methods Event-B and RODIN.


Since many drivers use the Ebina service area on the Tomei Expressway on weekends and national holidays, it is usually difficult for them to find vacant parking lots. So many cars line up in the service area and queue sometimes builds up to the mainline causing heavy traffic congestion there. Besides, since there are no circular routes around the parking lots, many cars have to run reversely trying to find vacant parking lots. These phenomena cause a serious problem of traffic safety and level of service not only at the service area but also on the mainline. To tackle the problem, Central Nippon Expressway Company (NEXCO-Central) has begun to provide real-time vacant parking lots information for drivers in the service area since summer of 2010. The paper will outline the dynamic parking lots guide service and address the evaluation of effectiveness of the service. With the service, the saturation rate of parking lots rose 30% and traffic using the service area increased by 10%. Survey results indicated that over 90% of the drivers interviewed answered that this service was very useful to look for the vacant lots and over 80% answered they could find the vacant lots more easily than before.


In this paper, we present a complete framework that automatically provides fluid-dynamic and plaque analysis from IVUS and Angiographic sequences. Such framework is used to analyze, in three coronary arteries, the relation between wall shear stress with type and amount of plaque. Preliminary qualitative results show an inverse relation between the wall shear stress and the plaque burden, which is confirmed by the fact that the plaque growth is higher on the wall having concave curvature. Regarding the plaque type it was observed that regions having low shear stress are predominantly fibro-lipidic while the heavy calcifications are in general located in areas of the vessel having high WSS.


The neutralising process associated with buffering of waters when acid mine drainage (AMD) is mixed with natural waters of higher pH (e.g. pH 7 or above) results in the formation of precipitated material that is described as floc due to its characteristic finely dispersed and fluffy nature. Flocs have high specific surface areas and can promote sorption of heavy metals and other contaminants present in the acid mine drainage. When floc is extracted with solutions of decreasing pH the release of occluded metals will be restricted because of the excess base that is present until completely consumed by the reconstituting acid. Floc materials are demonstrated to be highly stable, and unlikely to remobilize metals in the down gradient streams in the tested pH range down to pH 4. The likely effects of sediment containing floc on species of aquatic biota can be predicted by extraction with 1M hydrochloric acid and comparison of metal concentrations with ANZECC sediment guidelines. A case study involving floc dispersion that showed some guideline values were exceeded for metals in sediment was able to demonstrate that there was no sustained effect downstream of a mine by comparing sediment toxicity with both upstream and downstream sites.


Driving context, including oncoming and approaching vehicles, traffic signs, road conditions and legal traffic law, has major influence on the recommended behavior of a driver. For a driver assistance system these legal and environmental constraints must be available to produce useful behavior recommendations. Using a contextaware overtaking assistant as demonstrational, conceptual reasoning component we present an approach for representation of legal and environmental context rules, exploiting constraint-logic programming, where spatio-temporal influence factors are modeled as dynamic constraints. A-priory fuzzy risk-classification is done to point out potential risks. The probability of an accident is then obtained for the recommended maneuver, using information from the driver context.


The authors investigate a more accurate UTD (uniform theory of diffraction) solution to scattering from tapered resistive-loaded conducting strips using a rigorous formulation introduced by R.G. Rojas (1988) and H.C. Ly (1989). The resistive tapers are quantized into lambda /10 long discrete resistive strips for the UTD calculations. Backscatter predictions using the UTD formulation compare well with the MM calculations and experimental measurements.<<ETX>>


In this paper, the multi-physics coupled model of the energy coupler actuator (ECA) based on finite element method is built in COMSOL. To achieve some determined indicators, Peak-Hold drive strategy is applied to replace the constant voltage driving plan. Consequently, several groups of Peak-Hold signals are inputted. And the simulation results are analyzed to obtain the optimal parameter sets under the specified target performance. The driving parameters of the model are optimized, resulting in an overall performance improvement. Finally, a solution to find an ideal driving strategy with minimum energy consumption is found in this paper.


This study was carried out during three successive seasons, (2013, 2014 and 2015) in a private orchard located in North Sinai governorate, Egypt. The study was conducted on 10 years old Kalamata olive trees planted at 6 X 6 m apart grown in sandy soil, under drip irrigation system and uniform in shape and received the common horticultural practices. The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate Kalamata olive trees irrigation techniques which involve two types (whole root-zone irrigation – alternate partial root-zone irrigation) and three levels of regulated deficit irrigation values based on crop evapotranspiration (irrigated with 100%, 80% and 60% of ETc). The obtained results indicate that alternate partial root-zone irrigation increased vegetative growth, number of inflorescences per shoot, number of perfect flowers, crop yield, fruit oil content and fruit quality characteristics as compared with whole root-zone irrigation technique. On the other hand, the previous parameters recorded strong correlation with the highest level of irrigation treatments (100% ETc control treatment) while, regulated deficit irrigation with 60% of ETc recorded the lowest values in these respect while 80% ETc treatment came in between. In general alternate partial root-zone irrigation technique saved at least 20% of irrigation water as compared with whole root-zone irrigation and improving water use efficiency.


The sacramental and liturgical propositions of the German theologian Johann Adam Mohler (1796–1838) have been neglected in theological inquiries thus far. This article attempts to rehabilitate them. Having established a particular perspective on the reading of Mohler's liturgical and sacramental insights, we present each dimension of them separately in order to arrive at a 'dialectical' sacramental model. This rereading is an intrinsic possibility stemming from Mohler's theological works themselves. In addition, it is also possible to rehabilitate these insights in interplay with some contemporary developments in liturgical and sacramental theology. In his symbolical understanding, Mohler anticipates the Realsymbol of Karl Rahner, and his understanding of the actual presence of the person and sacrifice of Christ in the Eucharist anticipates Odo Casel's Kultmysterium. Therefore, the rehabilitation of Mohler's sacramental insights exhibits its full meaning as the anticipation of a more accurate notion of Symbol.


Conventional bitumens, used in most of the roads, unfortunately do not reflect a satisfactory performance. In particular problems such as permanent deformation of asphalt pavements, stresses, and cracking, deterioration of roads, resulting from the increasing number of vehicles, traffic loads and seasonal effects, are most frequently encountered problems. Adding various additives into the bitumen to eliminate distortions in order to improve performance has become now a common practice. The most commonly used additives are SBS polymers and granulated rubber. However, these additives are stirred in a facility at a minimum of 180° degrees with bitumen and a binder is obtained to be used in hot asphalt mixtures. In the extend of this study, the emission values of the exhaust gas, occurred during the production process at the facility, where the modification of the penetration class bitumen has been carried out at high temperatures with SBS polymer and granulated rubber, has been compared with the rates given in the Air Pollution Control Regulation and the results has been evaluated.


Some patients' sera react with all available donors' red cells and a compatible donor is difficult or impossible to be found. These may either be due to a complex mixture of antibodies or the presence of alloantibodies against high-frequency antigens (HFAs). The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence and characteristics of antibodies to HFAs in Saudi Arabian patients. A total of 23 out of 172 000 patients who received blood transfusions had rare alloantibodies to HFAs at an incidence of 0.013%. Twenty-three patients suspected with pan-reactive alloantibodies against HFAs had their red cells tested using antisera to HFAs, while their plasma was tested against a selected panel of red blood cells with rare phenotypes. Anti-Ge2 antibody was found in the highest number of patients (56.5%), whereas anti-U, anti JK3, anti H, anti-RH 29, anti-hr, anti-Kn, anti-Ch, anti-Rg, anti-Yt, and anti-Cr antibodies were found in the remaining patients (43.5%). This study suggests that although antibodies such as anti-Ge2, antiKn, anti-Ch, anti-Rg, anti-Yt , and anti-Cr are not clinically significant, they cause a delay in the provision of compatible blood. Whereas, anti-U, anti JK3, anti H, anti-RH29 and anti-hr are clinically significant antibodies. An understanding of antibody characteristics to HFAs and the widespread use of the extended red cell phenotype and antibody identification panel will both be helpful for the diagnosis of these HFAs.


Below given text consist of vulgarism and swearwords using by Croatian writer Vedrana Rudan on the basic of her book Zašto psujem. She uses vulgarism language to describe her own thoughts and rebellion and polemic, mainly, with sex, Croatia and old age. It is interesting because women's statements exclude "peppery" language which is also one kind of Rudan's rebellion with stereotypes. Additionally, using this kind of language in literature breaks taboo but, nevertheless, Rudan is one of the most popular writer in Croatia and Serbia.


Rae1 is a well-conserved endoribonuclease among Gram-positive bacteria, cyanobacteria and the chloroplasts of higher plants. We have previously shown that Rae1 cleaves the Bacillus subtilis yrzI operon mRNA in a translation-dependent manner within a short open reading frame (ORF) called S1025, encoding a 17-amino acid (aa) peptide of unknown function. Here, we map a new Rae1 cleavage site in the bmrBCD operon mRNA encoding a multidrug transporter, within a unannotated 26-aa cryptic ORF that we have named bmrX. Expression of the bmrCD portion of the mRNA is ensured by an antibiotic dependent ribosome attenuation mechanism within the upstream ORF bmrB. Cleavage by Rae1 within bmrX supresses bmrCD expression that escapes attenuation control in the absence of antibiotics. Similar to S1025, Rae1 cleavage within bmrX is both translation- and reading frame-dependent. Consistent with this, we show that translation-dependent cleavage by Rae1 promotes ribosome rescue by the tmRNA.


This chapter provides an introduction to the book, which addresses the basic notions and fundamental elements of the modern formalism of quantum field theory and presents an introduction to quantum field theory in curved space and quantum gravity. The chapter begins with a discussion of what constitutes a quantum theory and provides some preliminary notes on the topic. It then goes on to outline the structure of the book. The general notion of a quantized field is discussed. In addition, the Klein-Gordon equation, natural units, notations and conventions are introduced.


In the last few years IC3 resp. PDR made a great stir as a SAT-based hardware verification approach without needing to unroll the transition relation as in Bounded Model Checking (BMC). Motivated by different strengths of forward and backward traversal observed in BDD based model checking, we consider Reverse PDR which starts its analysis with the initial states instead of the unsafe states as in original PDR. We show great benefits of Reverse PDR both by a theoretical and an experimental analysis. Finally, we profit from parallelism offered by modern multi-core processors and use a portfolio approach combining the advantages of Reverse and original PDR.


It is shown that fast drift Alfven waves can be excited in tokamak plasmas by an external antenna operating in the low-frequency band. The dispersion of these waves depends on the derivative of the q-profile or drift terms in the case of low or negative shear. The wave absorption is determined by the Alfven continuum dissipation and has an oscillating increase with frequency. Typical global Alfven wave resonances are found at the plasma core for different signs of poloidal/toroidal mode numbers (N∕M 1.


Objective:
 The risk-based approach employed in the 2013 ACC/AHA lipid guidelines is based on extensive research showing that cardiovascular (CV) risk, not individual risk factors like LDL levels, are more efficient and effective guides for CV prevention pharmacotherapy. The primary limitations of the guideline are ease of use and specific risk scores' poor calibration between different populations. We hypothesized that we could create a risk tool that solves these problems for 6 million Americans with a relatively small investment by creating an automated risk prediction tool that only uses the VA electronic health record. We hypothesize that this tool will perform as well or better than existing risk tools.

 Methods:
 Our population consisted of US Veterans ages 45-80 who used VA ambulatory care services in 2001. Participants could have no history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, congestive heart failure, or furosemide use. We divided our population into derivation and validation cohorts. We predicted events using traditional risk factors and other established risk factors. Our outcome variable was new-onset MI, stroke, or cardiovascular mortality. We obtained outcome data from VA sources, Medicare, and the National Death Index. We predicted events with logistic regression. We compared the effect of using our risk score in our population with using the "ASCVD" score and the Framingham Score. We then assessed the implication on statin use of guiding care with the ASCVD score vs. our new VARS score.

 Results:
 Our population had 1.7 million patients. 96% were men. The AUROC was 0.68 for both the VARS score and the ASCVD score in our population. However, the ASCVD score substantially
 underpredicted
 events, by well over 20% . The VARS score was well-calibrated in the validation analysis. In our sample, almost all US Veterans age 45 and older had a cardiac risk that would recommend statin use.

 Conclusion:
 We demonstrated that an EHR in a specific population could risk-stratify patients as well those from as organized cohort studies and greatly improve calibration. Further, our finding that the ASCVD score greatly underpredicted in our population, while previous work have reported the ASCVD over-predictind in other cohorts, suggests that rather than arguing about which risk tool is best, our patients may be better served by us focusing on calibrating CV risk tools for our specific patient population using their EHR data.


This work presents the results of studies on bacteria Bacillus subtilis which was grown at di erent temperatures. The experiments were carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope equipped with cryo-chamber , which gives the possibility of testing biological samples in a frozen state. These methods enabled receiving images of surface topography of the bacteria and demarcated their chemical composition. After deconvolution of the lines C 1s and O 1s information concerning the intensity of the various functional groups in the bindings presented in the cell walls surface of tested strain and reallocation in relation to the temperature of incubation was obtained. These changes are visible in the form of an additional peak in both the C 1s and O 1s in bacteria cultured in suboptimum temperature.


In this paper, I make a case for medium- and even large-N qualitative research on constitutional courts — i.e., for using qualitative techniques to analyze a set of cases that is larger than usual for qualitative research designs. I then outline a set of data collection practices that would facilitate and enhance such research, drawing on my own current effort to assemble a global repository of free speech jurisprudence.


An analysis of the operation records for the years from 1910 to 1980 shows a considerable increase in the indication for surgical treatment. While the average age of the groups of patients does not increase in general, an increase in the number of patients operated on in higher age can be proved. This paper gives an outline of problems of preparation for operations, the application of narcosis techniques and postoperational care for these groups of patients.


The invention provides a compound with a carbostyril and beta-lactam structure and a synthesis method thereof. The molecular structure of the compound is as shown in the specification, and the compound is 6-(1-ethyl-6-fluorin-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-formamido)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyalo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid. The novel compound synthetized by the method not only has a carbostyril basic structure, but also has a beta-lactam antibiotic structure.


This article examines the themes of choice and agency in the context of motherhood as it appears in the Pāli Buddhist texts. I focus on two characters, Māya, the Buddha's birth mother and Visākhā, one of his best known female lay disciples. Both of these women are known primarily because of their connection to the Buddha, and their spiritual path is neglected, or even disdained, because they are considered as secondary and auxiliary characters whose only purpose is to support the men they surround (Gross, 1995). In this article, I propose a "matricentric" feminist approach (O'Reilly, 2014) to challenge this attitude, and the patriarchal hierarchy that underlies it. Based on this radical interpretation of Buddhist principles, I show how the Buddhist path appears, in the Pāli texts, as a "mothering path" that a number of women, like Māya and Visākhā, choose and undertake as a spiritual path, thereby recognizing women's agency as mothers and the validity and value of mothering in a soteriological context.


Conventional RFID interrogators use symbol-by-symbol-based detectors such as the matched filter and the edge detector for signal detection which do not sufficiently exploit the structure of the data-encoded waveforms. In this paper we propose a Viterbi-based algorithm to detect the data sequence of the RFID systems using the EPC-Global Generation-2 standard. By decomposing the associated data-encoded waveform on a half-cycle basis, the proposed approach first transfer the representation of the data-encoding scheme to a trellis diagram and thus leads to the application of the Viterbi algorithm for data sequence estimation. Also, different from the traditional Viterbi algorithm using correlation coefficient as the branch metrics, the proposed algorithm uses the absolute correlation coefficient as our branch metric which can exactly save the computational complexity of the Viterbi algorithm up to 50 percent. As compared to conventional approaches, the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the system performance due to its full exploitation of the baseband signal structure.


Footprint 18 investigates the following issues: what Benjamin understands by the 'constellation of awakening', how he conceptualises 'dialectical images', his deployment of montage, his refusal of a conception of either progress or decline, and his undertaking to show that the images belong not only to a particular time but attain legibility only at a particular time. Famously, according to Benjamin, image is that wherein what has been comes together in a flash with the now to form a constellation. With regard to the architectural theory Benjamin engaged directly with the tectonic tradition, especially the work of Bötticher. He posited the tectonic unconscious and the deployment of optical instruments as crucial for understanding the development which architecture carried from the luxus capitalist forms of commodity. In light of technical innovations in iron and glass, it expressed a form of projective dream work of the architectural around material realisations as products of the industrial revolution, with long consequences for the future.


Briefly review the research history and current research situation of entomogenous fungi and list the thirty-two main genus which include entomogenous fungi.Nine species of entomogenous fungi(such as Beauveria and Metarhizium) were detailed described,which have been researched and employed more frequently.Coelomomyces sp.is suitable for controlling the larva of mosquitoes,using Beauveria sp.to control pests is one of the most successful pest control practices and it can effectively control pests of Ostrinia nubilalis,Dendrolimus punctatus etc.,Metarhizium sp.is extremely effective in controlling larvas living in soil such as Anisoplia austriaca.The penetration mechanism of entomogenous fungi infecting pests was described,and the advantages and disadvantages of employing entomogenous fungi to control pests were discussed.The entomogenous fungi can infect each growth phase of pests and cause transmissible diseases,while this biological control easily influenced by temperature and humidity.


Background: Evaluation of patient satisfaction after pre anesthesia has become an important part in the improvement of anesthesia services. This can also be used for the improvement of staff-patient relationship. This study is done to know about the satisfactory condition of the patient after pre anesthesia. The satisfactory tool we use are the same for both adult and paediatric age group since only few paediatric patients were included in the study.
Methods: This study is a research, conducted on one hundred and twenty patients who undergone several surgeries at Saveetha Hospitals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India between January and March of 2021. Patients were asked several questions 24 h in the post-op section using a pre anesthesia Patient Satisfaction questionnaire. Based on their responses the data was collected to analyse the level of satisfaction of the patient.
Results: The overall satisfaction score was found to be 68.8%. Percentage of satisfactory patients who were found to be less feared and concerned is 87.5%. Percentage of patients with whom the doctor maintained a good relationship with is 75%. 82% Patients were found to be happy with the amount information provided to them about the procedure. In elective situations the patient satisfaction was at a higher level.
Conclusion: The satisfaction level among the patients were moderate. Patients described the staff-patient relationship was very satisfactory. They also described low fear and concern regarding anesthesia. The study also emphasised that the information regarding the anesthesia to the patients were satisfactory overall.The study was approved by the authors institution.


Purpose: This article is focused on the premise that applying Lean tools in transport and logistic services can contribute to reduce the costs, stocks, lead time and simultaneously contributing to major financial achievements. The objective is to create a model that allows the analysis and deployment of a Lean project in Logistic and Transport services.
Methodology: Facing the lack of information about the deployment and the results of the Lean tools in Logistic and transport services in Portugal we used as case study one example of a Portuguese company that deployed Lean tools on their services and it will show that the tools and Lean principles can be used to improve quality and efficiency by using the company existing resources, reducing causalities in the service provided and in all logistic process.
Findings: Lean tools provide efficiency in the services, allowing the increasing of the existing capacity in the company, provide a continuous improvement process. Even with low investments sustaining Lean projects can produce large improvement in efficiency of the processes and in the company profits.
Research Limitation: The data available about the subject in Portugal was the major limitation to the study.


The conductive adhesive material studied is composed with spheres of a polymer core covered with a nanometric thickness of silver and embedded in a polymer matrix. As the spheres are covered with metal of high thermal conductivity, an easy model has been developed based on the thermal resistance network method. Results have been compared with finite element method (FEM) simulations; only for cylinders - i.e. for a 2D problem - from now. The difference induced by the easy modelling compared to FEM simulation is less than 10%. Five different configurations of cylinder arrangement within the matrix were studied. Results have shown that the cylinder configuration is a key parameter to determine the thermal properties of the adhesive.


Over the last one decade there has been an increasing emphasis on driver-assistance systems for the automotive domain. In this paper we report our work on designing a camera-based surveillance system embedded in a "smart" car door. Such a camera is used to monitor the ambient environment outside the car — e.g., the presence of obstacles such as approaching cars or cyclists who might collide with the car door if opened — and automatically control the car door operations. This is an enhancement to the currently available side-view mirrors which the driver/passenger checks before opening the car door. The focus of this paper is on fast and robust image processing algorithms specifically targeting such a smart car door system. The requirement is to quickly detect traffic objects of interest from gray-scale images captured by omnidirectional cameras. Whereas known algorithms for object extraction from the image processing literature rely on color information and are sensitive to shadows and illumination changes, our proposed algorithms are highly robust, can operate on gray-scale images (color images are not available in our setup) and output results in real-time. To illustrate these, we present a number of experimental results based on image sequences captured from real-life traffic scenarios.


Based on the DSP various optimum strategies of video coding,implementation scheme of H.263 video image coding based on TMS320C6201 is proposed.The core algorithm,DMA data transmission and memory allocation are optimized through full use of parallel processing of the C6201 chip and effective realtime compression of the H.263 standard video image is gotten according to parallel characteristics of H.263 coding algorithm


In the research, we successfully investigated effects of calcination temperature on the characteristics and photocatalytic activities of WO3 applying for degradation of antibiotics in aqueous environment under visible light. The crystal phases and optical properties of the synthesized WO3 nanoparticles were determined by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), an UV-VIS diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and a photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The photocatalytic activities of the WO3 materials, which were calcinated at different temperatures, were studied via degradation of Tetracycline under visible light. Obtained results indicated that the orthorhombic phase was converted completely to monoclinic phase when the sample was calcinated at 500 oC. As compared to these WO3-300, WO3-400 and WO3-600 samples, the WO3-500 sample, which was calcinated at 500 oC, showed significant decrease in band gap energy and electron-hole recombination rate. Thus, the WO3-500 exhibited novel photocatalytic activity for Tetracycline degradation under visible light.


In this paper, we discuss Bianchi type V cosmological model filled with viscous fluid in the presence of cosmological term Λ. The viscous coefficient of bulk viscous fluid is assumed to be a power function of mass density, whereas coefficient of shear viscosity is considered proportional to scale of expansion in the model. Exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by using scalar of expansion proportional to shear scalar    which leads to a relation between metric potential r B A where r is constant. Some physical and geometrical properties of the model are also discussed.


Two small surface water systems located on islands off the state of Washington's coast implemented a sustainable treatment approach that minimizes disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation.


Palembang is a historical city in Indonesia. Palembang city has the potency of natural, social and cultural resources that can be used as tourism object. The city of Palembang has a historic mosque building during the spreading of Islamic religion namely Masjid Agung Palembang. Masjid Agung Palembang is a cultural heritage that has a very high historical value from its inception. However, due to the shift of cultural heritage in line with the pace of modernization and globalization that threaten the preservation of culture and some historic areas it is necessary to build a media campaign that contains the history of a building, place, culture and other ancestral heritage. To build a media campaign it is necessary to have a mature pre-production concept that is in accordance with the original history of the cultural heritage, in order to achieve it then it is required to have concepts that contain stories in sequence. The concept of motion graphics is chosen as a media campaign because it can make the media campaign become more creative with the maturation of concepts, inspiration, characteristic and expressive attitude.


Nitrogen doping in graphene has important implications in graphene-based devices and catalysts. We have performed the density functional theory calculations to study the electronic structures of N-doped graphene with vacancies and Stone-Wales defect. Our results show that monovacancies in graphene act as hole dopants and that two substitutional N dopants are needed to compensate for the hole introduced by a monovacancy. On the other hand, divacancy does not produce any free carriers. Interestingly, a single N dopant at divacancy acts as an acceptor rather than a donor. The interference between native point defect and N dopant strongly modifies the role of N doping regarding the free carrier production in the bulk pi bands. For some of the defects and N dopant-defect complexes, localized defect pi states are partially occupied. Discussion on the possibility of spin polarization in such cases is given. We also present qualitative arguments on the electronic structures based on the local bond picture. We have analyzed the 1s-related x-ray photoemission and adsorption spectroscopy spectra of N dopants at vacancies and Stone-Wales defect in connection with the experimental ones. We also discuss characteristic scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images originating from the electronic and structural modifications by the N dopant-defect complexes. STM imaging for small negative bias voltage will provide important information about possible active sites for oxygen reduction reaction.


The goal of the federal government in regulating opioid analgesics through the Controlled Substance Act, Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, is to ensure availability of these agents when medically indicated while minimizing abuse and illegal diversion. The act classifies drugs and other substances into schedules, I through V, depending on the "potential or actual patterns of abuse, degree of risk or likelihood for psychic or physiological dependence" (1). The act does not restrict physician decisions regarding which of these drugs to prescribe, in what amounts, or for what duration. However, state laws vary greatly, and many states regulate the prescription of opioids for pain in ways that the federal laws do not. In 1994, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research of the US Department of Health and Human Services identified concern about regulation of controlled substances as a barrier to effective pain relief. Fear of professional license suspension or revocation often exists when large quantities of opioids are provided to a patient, even with sufficient proof of medical need (2).


The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive detection, and relates to a local anti-seepage protection method before fluorescence detection of a fixed ring assembly. The method comprises the following steps: 1, making a special tool against the fixed ring assembly; 2, smearing the lower portion of the special tool with machine oil, screwing pins into screwed holes, and wiping all machine oil at edges; 3, smearing the notches and the faying face of the fixed ring assembly with the machine oil; and 4, wiping a detection position with a volatile solvent to carry out local fluorescence detection of the assembly. The eighteen screwed holes, four notches and the faying face are specially protected by the machine oil to make an osmotic agent not permeate the assembly, so the quality is guaranteed; and the upper portion of the special tool is designed to be a frustum, so wiping is easy, observation is convenient, and the detection efficiency and the accuracy are improved.


Background: Telomerase expression and the maintenance of a critical telomere length (TL) in cancer initiation indicates that telomere shortening and telomerase expression initiates cancer by induction of chromosomal instability.


The invention discloses a blood plasma collecting device. The blood plasma collecting device comprises a needle for collecting blood, a first connector, a first puncture device for charging an anticoagulant, a first anticoagulant tube connected with the first puncture device, a blood filter, a blood tube connected with the blood filter, a centrifuging cup for separating the blood plasma, a second connector, a blood plasma collecting bag, a second puncture device for charging normal saline, an anticoagulant pump, a blood pump, a first air probe, a second air probe, a third air probe and a fourth air probe, wherein the probes are used for detecting air; the first air probe and the second air probe are sequentially arranged on the blood tube between the first connector and the blood filter along the blood extracting direction; the third air probe is arranged on the anticoagulant tube between the anticoagulant pump and the first connector; the fourth air probe is arranged on the blood tube between the blood filter and the blood pump. With the adoption of the blood plasma collecting device, red blood cells in an outlet of the centrifuging cup and the air and pressure in the tube can be detected during collecting and returning.


Abstract: Neuromelanin (NM) is a complex polymer pigment foundprimarily in the dopaminergic neurons of the human substantia nigra. Thestructure of NM is only partially characterized, and its synthesis pathwayremains unknown. We used nuclear magnetic and infrared spectroscopy to examinethe structure of human NM isolated from the substantia nigra compared withsynthetic dopamine melanins. Biochemical analyses were used to investigateproteinaceous and dopaminergic components in these samples. Following acidhydrolysis of NM samples, small amounts of DOPA, dopamine, and a variety ofamino acids were measured. These findings suggest a peptide component in NMstructure. NM also appears to contain a variety of unidentified structuralcomponents possibly derived from the oxidation of dopamine. Human NM differsstructurally from synthetic dopamine melanin, but both human and synthetic NMinclude an aromatic backbone. It is interesting that both human NM andsynthetic melanin also contain a large proportion of aliphatic structures. Ourresults suggest that NM is a more complex pigment than synthetic dopaminemelanin formed via dopamine autoxidation alone.


In this paper, we reflect on ways to improve medical information retrieval accuracy by drawing implicit negative feedback from negated information in noisy natural language search queries. We begin by studying the extent to which negations occur in clinical texts and quantify their detrimental effect on retrieval performance. Subsequently, we present approaches to query reformulation and ranking that remedy these shortcomings by resolving natural language negations. Our experimental results are based on data collected in the course of the TREC Clinical Decision Support Track and show consistent improvements compared to state-of-the-art methods. For queries that make excessive use of negations, we were able to achieve up to 300% relative improvement in early precision.


Objective To explore the effects of silencing DDR2 expression by siRNA on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and its mechanism in rats. Methods Liver fibrosis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 twice a week for 6 consecutive weeks. Some rats were administered siRNA targeting DDR2 (0. 3 mg/kg), saline or control siRNA every three days from the beginning of CCl4 injection via tail vein injection, while other rats were treated in the same pattern after 2-week CCl4 injection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of DDR2, MMP-2 and COL Ⅰ . Meanwhile, the pathological changes of liver tissues and the levels of liver function were also observed. Results QRT-PCR showed that the DDR2, MMP-2 and COL Ⅰ mRNA in the chemically synthetic cholesterol-modified siRNADDR2 group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group (P<0.01) ,and the protein expressions of DDR2, MMP-2 and COL Ⅰ were also significantly decreased (P<0. 01,4 wand 6w). In addition, in comparison with those in the control group, the pathological changes of liver tissues in the siRNA-DDR2 treated group were markedly attenuated, and the levels of ALT(1356.17 ±83.80 nkat/L vs 2532. 70±145.11 nkat/L,4w,1367. 60±321.76 nkat/L vs 2604.37±255.02 nkat/L,6w,P<0. 01 ) and AST (2460. 80 ± 207. 58 nkat/L vs 3983. 70 ± 253. 08 nkat/L, 4w, P< 0. 01,2383.27±290.16 nkat/L vs 3227.70±353. 34 nkat/L,6w,P<0. 05)were also significantly lowered,while the level of TBIL (7. 97 ± 1.60 μmol/L vs 3.80± 0.60 μmol/L, 4w, 10.40±1.61 μmol/L vs 6.10±0.79 μmol/L,6w,P<0. 01)was markedly increased. Conclusion Systemic administration of cholesterol-modified siRNA targeting DDR2 could significantly suppress the expression of DDR2, decrease the contents of the extracellular matrix,and thus has a potential antifibrotic effect.

Key words:
Discoidin domain receptor 2; RNA interference; Hepatic fibrosis; Gene therapy


: The semisynthesis of renieramycin-type derivatives was achieved under mild and facile conditions by attaching a 1,3-dioxole-bridged phenolic moiety onto ring A of the renieramycin structure and adding a 4 (cid:48) -pyridinecarbonyl ester substituent at its C-5 or C-22 position. These were accomplished through a light-induced intramolecular photoredox reaction using blue light (4 W) and Steglich esterification, respectively. Renieramycin M ( 4 ), a bis-tetrahydroisoquinolinequinone compound isolated from the Thai blue sponge ( Xestospongia sp.), served as the starting material. The cytotoxicity of the 10 natural and semisynthesized renieramycins against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines was evaluated. The 5-O -(4 (cid:48) -pyridinecarbonyl) renieramycin T ( 11 ) compound exhibited high cytotoxicity with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values of 35.27 ± 1.09 and 34.77 ± 2.19 nM against H290 and H460 cells, respectively. Notably, the potency of compound 11 was 2-fold more than that of renieramycin T ( 7 ) and equal to those of 4 and doxorubicin. Interestingly, the renieramycin-type derivatives with a hydroxyl group at C-5 and C-22 exhibited weak cytotoxicity. In silico molecular docking and dynamics studies confirmed that the mitogen-activated proteins, kinase 1 and 3 (MAPK1 and MAPK3), are suitable targets for 11 . Thus, the structure–cytotoxicity study of renieramycins was extended to facilitate the development of potential anticancer agents for NSCLC cells.


Currently, gastronomy is a fundamental pillar for tourists to discover the cultural potential of the places that they visit, with culinary pleasures becoming determining motivations in the choice of a destination. With this idea, this research investigates the gastronomic experiences of tourists who visit a place recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, the city of Sucre in Bolivia. It highlights the existence of three types of tourists, based on their perceptions regarding the gastronomic experiences in the city (known as survivors, enjoyers, and experiencers). Additionally, it concludes that the local gastronomy of the destination provides significant culinary motivations.


With the development of molecular biology,genotyping techniques are widely used in identification of strains of Bacillus anthracis in the genetic correlation and epidemiological characteristics.In this paper,we re-viewed the advantages and disadvantages of the commonly methods used in genotyping of B.anthracis in recent years.


The problem of force regulation in constrained-motion tasks via kinematic redundancy is discussed. The inverse kinematics of redundant robot in free motion case is solved by distributed positioning (DP) concept and in constrained-motion case via modified DP concept. Task separation in DP concept requires from the redundancy fast and precise tracking along with force regulation. The complex numeric example gives a clear insight in the role of the redundancy in three motion phases: free motion (provides better positioning), impact (shock absorber) and constrained motion (active compliance and better tracking).