Peanuts, first processed by steaming, drying and then grinding, have been used in a
control cookie as a fat substitute for both butter and margarine. Ground peanuts were
substituted for 20% and 30% of butter and margarine in the cookie (by total weight of
fat). Physical properties and sensory evaluation indicated that the cookie partially
substituting ground peanuts for butter had no significant difference from the cookie
that partially substituted ground peanuts for margarine at the same level. The results
showed that the sensory acceptance of cookies using 20% ground peanuts as a fat
substitute was lower than the control, with no change in cookie spread, lightness
value and TBA value. Effects of ground peanuts were found to decrease cookie
spread, moisture content and high cutting force. The cookie that used 20% ground
peanuts as fat replacer had higher protein and lower fat content than the control. The
cookie had high moisture and low cutting force after being kept in a high density
polyethylene bags at room temperature (28 oC). No bacteria were found after storing
for a 28-day period.


In this paper,a definition of cone-convex set-to-set mapping which domains are failed of linear sturcture is given,their basic properties are discussed.


Background Fingolimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator approved for relapsing MS. Long-term effects on the immunological profile are not fully understood. Objective Investigate fingolimod's temporal effects on immune cell subsets, and safety outcomes. Methods In FLUENT, a 12-month, prospective, non-randomized, open-label, phase IV study, adult participants received fingolimod 0.5 mg/day. Changes in immune cell subsets, anti-John Cunningham virus (JCV) antibody index, and serum neurofilament levels were assessed. Results 165 fingolimod-naive and 217 participants treated for 2–12 years in routine clinical practice were enrolled. Levels of all monitored peripheral lymphocyte subsets were reduced from month 3 in fingolimod-naive participants. Greatest reductions occurred in naive and central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and in naive and memory B cells. Most lymphocyte subset levels remained stable in the continuous fingolimod group. Components of the innate immune system remained within reference ranges. No increase in JCV seropositivity was observed. No single cellular subset correlated with anti-JCV antibody index at any time point. Neurofilament levels remained within healthy adult reference limits throughout. No opportunistic infections were reported; no new or unexpected safety signals were observed. Conclusion FLUENT provides insights into the utility of immunological profiling to evaluate therapy response and potential infection risk.


Irrigated agriculture enables production intensification and crop diversification to improve food security. However, increasing irrigation water stress and inadequate competence of smallholder farmers in irrigation water management have the potential to exacerbate food insecurity. Therefore, this study seeks to determine smallholder farmers' competency needs in irrigation water management practices (IWMP). A convenience sampling method was employed to obtain a sample population of n= 250. Descriptive statistics were employed to describe smallholder farmers' demographic characteristics. Borich's Needs Assessment Model (BNAM) was utilised to analyse smallholder farmers' competency needs. Results revealed that smallholder farmers perceived weed control (M = 4.90) and understanding the consequences of over- and under-irrigation (M = 4.48) as highly important practices. Results also revealed that smallholder farmers were only highly competent in weed control (M = 4.59). Moreover, results revealed that the top two most important competency needs for smallholder farmers are knowledge of drought-tolerant cultivars (MWDS = 6.83) and irrigation scheduling (MWDS = 5.05). From the survey findings, smallholder farmers' competency in IWMP is insufficient. It is recommended that the government, policymakers, and agricultural support services embark on sustainable agricultural development planning issues and develop a relevant training programme that is informed by smallholder farmers' competency needs.


Since the reform and opening,the rapid development of rural cooperatives plays an important role in the development of the rural economy,effectively compensates for the double failure of the market and government and supplies of public goods in rural areas.The problems of the rural cooperatives in the rural public goods supplying were analyzed.The measures were proposed as follows:a good external environment should be provided to the rural cooperatives,china's existing relevant regulations and policies for rural cooperatives should be improved,the relationship between the government and rural cooperatives should be rationalized,the self-construction of rural cooperatives should be strengthened,so as to provide the wide range of rural public goods effectively in China.


The purpose of the Annual Governance Statement is to explain how the Council has complied with the Code of Corporate Governance. Find out more.


Despite remarkable improvement of surgical and cardiopulmonary bypass technique, nonsurgical bleeding is still a serious complication following cardiac surgery. As nonthrombotic material or an ideal anticoagulant preventing contact activation of the blood has not been found, a method to reduce'whole body inflammatory response' and postoperative bleeding is an appealing option to improve the postoperative status of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Discussing the rationale behind preoperative leucocyte-plasmapheresis the possible benefits of this new method are explained. Reviewing the literature, possibilities of future development is outlined.


In order to improve the throughput rate and state information storage efficiency of the hardware regular expressions matching engine,we designed a structure can scan multiple bytes in parallel and Introduced a conception named"failure state".Also,combined with the idea of Bloom Filter.,we classified the state machine and filtered it.At last,we realized our design and tested it on FPGA.Experimental results show that this matching engine efficiently saved the storage space state information needed and improved the regular expression matching rate.


The plot-structure is verified by the ancient and present rites. the rites consist of the movement of the spirit-pole(the spirit-possessed man, the shaman) and the process of five units ; Naerim-goot(rite of advent), Sinyu(round of calls and praying), Ssaum-goot(rite of conflict), Junsong-goot(rite of ascension). The rites are performed for the gods of heaven, mountain, water and earth. Because the plot-structure of the myths and legends of Samgukyusa corresponds to it of the rites. Those myths and legends ate assumed to be the correlative of the rites. And those myths and legends are classified into three types. Firstly the worship for the god is strengthened by emphasizing the authority of the god. Secondly the relation between a god and a man spreads to the relation between a king and a vassal. Thirdly the god gives the magic treasure to the king for endowing him with the authority of the ruler.


Here we study a driven lattice gas model for microtubule depolymerizing molecular motors, where traffic jams of motors induce stochastic switching between microtubule growth and shrinkage. We term this phenomenon \enquote{traffic dynamic instability} because it is reminiscent of microtubule dynamic instability [T. Mitchison and M. Kirschner, Nature 312, 237 (1984)]. The intermittent dynamics of growth and shrinking emerges from the interplay between the arrival of motors at the microtubule tip, motor induced depolymerization, and motor detachment from the tip. The switching dynamics correlates with low and high motor density on the lattice. This leads to an effectively bistable particle density in the system. A refined domain wall theory predicts this transient appearance of different phases in the system. The theoretical results are supported by stochastic simulations.


The analysis and design of TCP/IP networks is a key component in the development of the Internet. We consider how simple analytical modelling of the key network elements can yield sufficiently accurate performance results by means of simulations with actual TCP sources. The defined modelling approach, named the fixed point model, is exploited to state a dimensioning problem of an IP network dominated by TCP traffic. The procedure for the TCP/IP network capacity dimensioning is based on the definition of a user satisfaction index, suitable for a best-effort scenario.


In the present time, scrupulous use of energy is a challenge for the world population especially in Egypt. This period, Egypt is attesting creation new communities and our needs for energy will increasing, so we need a new way to design this communities and buildings with less energy. Use the passive techniques in buildings for cooling will be more harmonious with the nature and will achieve energy efficiency. This Paper will examine the Natural Ventilation Technique as one of passive cooling techniques for hot humid climate. It also will confirm that this passive cooling technique has attainable gains through analyzing its effect on Housing Building in port said climate using Design builder simulation program. The findings of this study will help to explore new approach of design energy efficient buildings for sustainable development in the present era and Egypt future using passive cooling techniques.


In this paper, we propose neural-symbolic graph databases (NSGDs) that extends traditional graph data with content and structural embeddings in every node. The content embeddings can represent unstructured data (e.g., images, videos, and texts), while structural embeddings can be used to deal with incomplete graphs. We can advocate machine learning models (e.g., deep learning) to transform unstructured data and graph nodes to these embeddings. NSGDs can support a wide range of applications (e.g., online recommendation and natural language question answering) in social-media networks, multi-modal knowledge graphs and etc. As a typical search over graphs, we study subgraph search over a large NSGD, called neural-symbolic subgraph matching (NSMatch) that includes a novel ranking search function. Specifically, we develop a general algorithmic framework to process NSMatch efficiently. Using real-life multi-modal graphs, we experimentally verify the effectiveness, scalability and efficiency of NSMatch.


Gravitaional collapse of an inhomogeneous dust cloud described by a higher dimensional Tolman type spacetime is studied. The necessary conditions for the formation of a naked singularity or a black hole is obtained.


(57) Abstract: substrate comprises a plurality of layers (18) to (10) above, several layers of the layers (62) has a tensile strain with respect to the substrate, another layer (64) semiconductor waveguide with no birefringence having a compressive strain. Behavior without double refraction with respect to the optical signal guided having a smaller photon energy than the band gap of the propagating waveguide layer waveguide structure in is introduced into the individual layers of the waveguide structure by strain birefringence, obtained when sufficient to compensate for the inherent geometrical modal birefringence of the waveguide structures present when there is no distortion in all layers. This compares the photon energy of the optical signal guided with introducing tensile strain of a predetermined amount of one or more layers having a relatively close bandgap energy photon energy of the guided light being It is accomplished by introducing a predetermined compressive strain amount in one or more layers having specific separated band gap energy. In this way, by using a distortion compensation as a partial or whole to avoid distortion introduced defects, it can be obtained almost no waveguide structure of the modal birefringence.


The development and subsequent tropical transition of a subsynoptic-scale cyclone over the Gulf of Genoa (GoG) on 15 November 2007 led to the rapid onset of tropical storm-force winds near the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. This study evaluates the influence of two key ingredients on the cyclogenesis event: a near-surface warm potential temperature perturbation in the lee of the Alps and a mountain-scale potential vorticity (PV) banner. A high-resolution modeling system is used to perform a set of attribution tests in which modifications to the Alpineorographycontrolthepresenceof thecyclogeneticingredients.Wheneitherfeatureexistsintheinitial state, a GoG cyclone develops even when the Alpine barrier is removed; however, when neither the warm perturbation nor the PV banner is present, there is insufficient lower-level PV to couple with the upper-level trough to promote cyclogenesis. A conceptual model involving the complimentary interaction of the two PV features is presented that accurately describes the development location of the cyclone beneath a midlevel vorticity maximum. Despite development in most of the attribution tests, the energy sources for the cyclones vary widely and represent a spectrum of cyclogenetic pathways from baroclinically to convectively dominant. Removal of the Alpine barrier allows for a stronger thermal wave and a baroclinic mode of development, rather than the diabatically generated hurricane-like vortex seen in the control and available observations. Similarly, insufficient flow interaction with the low-resolution representation of the Alps in the global-driving model is shown to favor a baroclinic mode of cyclogenesis in that integration. Adequate resolution of both the Alpine terrain and the incipient cyclone itself are shown to be important to correctly predict the evolution of the system from both structural and energetic perspectives.


With the rise in blockchain technology, consortium blockchains have garnered increasing attention in practical applications due to their decentralization and immutability. However, the performance of current consortium blockchains remains a significant obstacle to large-scale commercial adoption. The consensus algorithm, as a fundamental component of blockchain technology, plays a critical role in ensuring both security and efficiency. Unfortunately, most existing consensus algorithms for consortium blockchains are vote-based consensus algorithms, and the performance of vote-based consensus algorithms is largely limited by the performance of the leader node. Therefore, we present P-Raft: a high-performance consensus algorithm that builds upon the Raft algorithm and leverages node server performance evaluations. The primary objectives of this article included enhancing the efficiency of Leader processing, promoting the utilization of the consortium blockchain, and ensuring the robustness of Leader election. Specifically designed to meet the service requirements of consortium blockchain's consensus mechanism, the P-Raft incorporated the Yasa model, which evaluated the instant machine performance of each node. The performance of each node is then associated with the election timeout, ensuring that nodes with superior performance are more likely to be chosen as Leaders. Additionally, we implemented a leader verification mechanism based on the Bohen-Lynn-Shacham (BLS) signature, which prevented malicious Byzantine nodes from becoming Leaders without receiving enough votes. Empirical findings show that the P-Raft can swiftly designate high-performing nodes as Leaders, thereby greatly improving service efficiency in the consensus process and the overall performance of the consensus mechanism. Ultimately, P-Raft is better equipped to meet the demands of consortium blockchain applications for large-scale transactions.


Management of hazardous waste that does not meet the requirements can cause impacts on human health and also
environmental pollution such as accidents when transporting in accordance with procedures, storage areas it is not
accordance with requirements, the presence of leakage, Hazardous abuse, personnel neglect, symbol giving incompatible and
others. To avoid these negative impacts, it is required for every person or activity / business that produces waste to manage
Hazardous waste in accordance with government regulation 101 of 2014 concerning Hazardous Waste Management. This
research was conducted in April - November 2018. In industrial companies that already have Hazardous Waste TPS licenses,
government and private in Bandar Lampung City, became the research location and particularly in the field of Occupational
Health and Safety (OHSAS) which manages Hazardous waste in the industry. The industries that were the objects of this
study consisted of 2 industries managed by government and the private sector in Bandar Lampung City namely mining
company and medical eye center. Data observation and information to evaluate compatibility waste management that has
been regulated in regulation No. 101/2014. The results showed, analysis and evaluation can later be used as a basis for
consideration or input to the company and the Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Bandar Lampung.


1. Device for joining the first member and the second member, comprising: means for connecting the first member and the second member; ! means for transmitting transverse loads between the first member and the second member separate from the means for connecting the first member and the second member; and! means for creating a compressive pre-load on the transverse load transmitting means between the first member and the second member. ! 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for connecting the first member and the second member comprises a fastening element extending through the mounting hole formed the first member and the second member. ! 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for connecting the first member and the second member comprises at least one bracket located in cooperation with the first member and the second member. ! 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for connecting the first member and the second member comprises at least one fastening element extending from the first member and bent about the second member. ! 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for connecting the first member and the second member comprises a cable operatively associated with the first member and the second member. ! 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for transmitting transverse loads between the first member and the second member comprises a layer for transmitting lateral force associated with an adhesive to the first part and the second part. ! 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for transmitting transverse loads between the first member and the second member comprises an adhesive layer linking the first part and the second part. ! 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for transmitting transverse loads between the first member and the second kids


Optimal classifier design is the main problem in pattern recognition. A fundamental and conven tional statistical approach to the problem, maximum likelihood estimation, is to create probabilistic models of the categories in the pattern recognition task, and then, when identifying an unknown pattern, to choose the category that is most likely for those category models. A promising alternative to this conventional approach is a "discriminative training" approach which minimizes the classification error more directly. The recent advent of artificial neural networks (ANN) and learning vector quantization (LVQ), and their good performance in speech recognition tasks, has revived an interest in the discriminative training approach, especially in the domain of speech rec ognition. Motivated by earlier work on LVQ2 and its applications to speech recognition, LVQ and related topics came to more than one third of the papers presented at a poster session for speech rec ognition in the 1990 Autumn Meeting of the Acous tical Society of Japan. At ICASSP-91, Toronto, a dozen papers were presented at a new speech rec ognition session titled "Discriminative Training." After many experimental studies running races to attain an improvement of 0.1 percent recognition rate, a solid analytical ground for the long standing minimum error classifier design problem was provid ed in a discriminative training framework. The 1991 IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing held in Princeton, New Jersey was a good occasion to discuss and recognize the im portance of theoretical advancements in discrimina tive training. Inspired by this trend, we decided to have a special issue of the journal on the topic "Discriminative Training for Speech Recognition"


To successfully apply sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) in remediating aquacultural sediments and water bodies on a large scale, SMFC systems with different electrode materials (carbon fiber brush, graphite felt, and carbon fiber cloth) and structural forms were constructed, and the advantages and disadvantages of various electrodes were compared in terms of electricity generation, pollutant removal, and application cost. The results revealed that (1) introducing SMFCs accelerated the removal of pollutants from the overlying water, promoted the degradation of organic matter and the fixation of phosphorus in the sediments, and inhibited water eutrophication and algal blooms; (2) SMFC systems with carbon fiber brushes and graphite felt electrodes exhibited better electricity generation, but the smooth surface of the carbon fiber cloth was not conducive to microbial attachment, leading to a relatively low electrode power density; and (3) the low external resistance accelerated electron transfer and increased the pollutant removal rate.


Ti/TiC composite bioccating was prepared on TC4 alloy with pre-placed graphite powder layer via in-situ laser synthesis so as to improve the wear resistance of the Ti alloy.The microstructure,micro-hardness,wear resistance,corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of assynthesized Ti/TiC compesite biocoating were evaluated.Results show that as-synthesized Ti/TiC composite biocoating is free of pores and cracks,and mainly consists of dendrites,possessing much higher micro-hardness and wear resistance than Ti alloy substrate.In the meantime,as-synthesized Ti/TiC composite biocoating possesses much better corrosion resistance and biocompatibility than the TC4 alloy substrate subjected to sand blasting.


A crowd-funded group has received NASA's permission to snag an ageing agency space probe that is currently set to shoot beyond the solar system.


Seasonal prey bursts are important for the lifecycles and energy budgets of many predators. Here we document the diet and, especially, the importance of the ephemeral occurrence of capelin as prey for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Godthaabsfjord, west Greenland, over an annual cycle. The cod showed clear differences in diet composition on the eleven sampling dates resulting in a spring-summer, late summer-autumn and winter cluster. Moreover, a single sampling date, May 12th, was defined by cod gorge feeding on spawning capelin, which led to average stomach contents 4.3 times higher than the average for the remaining sampling dates. Changes in nitrogen stable isotope values from April 22nd to July 7th in cod liver and muscle tissue was used to calculate the consumption of capelin. Based on this, the consumption of capelin varied between 538-658 g wet weight for a 1.3 kg cod. Using published consumption/biomass estimates and observed growth rates, the capelin intake corresponds to 10.1% - 33.3% of the annual food consumption and accounts for 28.1% - 34.5% of the annual growth of the cod. The present study documents the omnivorous feeding mode of Atlantic cod, but highlights the utilization and importance of ephemeral prey bursts for the annual energy budget of the cod. We hypothesize that access to capelin is critical for the post-spawning recovery of Godthaabsfjord cod.


Corresponding author: Salah R. Al-Farhan Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Department of Biology College of Science University of Basra Basra Iraq ABSTRACT Objectives: Periodontitis disease is an infection of the tooth supporting tissues resulting in tooth loss especially in patients with diabetes. Anaerobic bacteria being attributed to the onset and progress of the disease, most of the bacterial isolates reveals resistance to antibiotics when tested by Epsilometer test. Methods: A total of 73 samples were collected from patients with periodontitis were clinically examined in dental clinics in Basra province during the period from May 2016 to April 2017, and divided into two groups the diabetic and non-diabetic. All isolates subjected to cultural, microscopically examination and identified by 16SrDNA and sequencing. Results: Thirty-six bacterial isolates, include 20 isolates (55.5%) from diabetic patients and 16 isolates (44.4%) from non-diabetic, which diagnosed with bacteriological methods belongs to 5 species of 4 genera and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . Streptococcus salivarius was the most reluctant as it formed 11(55%) and 8(50%) , Lactobacillus salivarius strain ZLS006 3(15%) and 4(25%); Streptococcus mutans 3(15%) and 2(12.5%), Veillonella Spp. 1(5%) and 2(12.5%) in diabetic non-diabetic patients respectively. Meanwhile, Enterococcus faecalis 2(5.3%) in diabetic patients only. L. salivarius strain ZLS006 was sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, S. mutans was sensitive to Tetracycline and resistant to Nalidixic Acid. E. faecalis, S. salivarius and Veillonella spp. showed resistance to Tetracycline , L. salivarius strain ZLS006 showed resistance to Clarithromycin, Nalidixic Acid and Tetracycline. Conclusion: S. salivarius, L. salivarius strain ZLS006 , S. mutans and E. faecalis are considered as key pathogens in periodontitis and showed resistance to antibiotics.


Reduction to Uniprocessor (RUN) is an algorithm capable of efficiently and optimally scheduling a set of strictly periodic real-time tasks on a multiprocessor platform when tasks do not share any resources but processors. A basic building block of RUN is the servers, which are entities capable of scheduling a sub-set of tasks via EDF. Recently, support for resource sharing has been incorporated into RUN by the Server Based Locking Protocol (SBLP). SBLP accounts for possible interferences of resource locking times into the RUN servers. The protocol performance, however, depends on how tasks are packed into servers. In this work we describe a new task packing heuristic that outperforms those originally proposed for SBLP. Extensive evaluation experiments are conducted and show that gains of up to 25% can be obtained by the proposed heuristic.


This thesis discusses the work of the Canadian-born British writer (and painter), Wyndham
Lewis, from his first publication in 1909 until 1931. It focuses on the idea of career in order to
investigate his implausible but strategic negotiation both of the wider cultural marketplace and
of the developing cultural and institutional formations generally known as 'modernism' . That
negotiation expresses divergent possibilities encoded in the cultural field: possibilities which
were not historically realised.
The first three chapters situate Lewis's early writings - between 1909 and 1918 - in a
variety of historical contexts. Chapter one is a reading of Tarr (written 1909-16), an
experimental novel, in parallel with Mrs Dukes' Million (1909), an unsuccessful attempt to
cash in on the growing market for popular fiction. The emergence of Lewis' s distinctive
authorship figured in the relation between these works is understood as an exaggeration or an
estrangement of the problems encountered in fictional resolutions of the pre-war crises of
political liberalism. Chapter two analyses short stories written in Brittany (1909-11), which
associate textual authority with the resistance of Breton tradition to assimilation into a
centralising French culture. This resistant authority is shown to share significant conditions of
possibility with theoretical and practical problems overcome by the rhetorical processes which
enabled the success of Malinowski's functionalist anthropology - I concentrate on Argonallls
of [he Western PaCific (1922) - in the British academy. Chapter three investigates the
publication of Lewis' s short fiction (1909-17), in the 'little magazines' which established (he
modernist canon, and defined the modernist career path.
The remaining chapters discuss the politics articulated in Lewis's writing between the First
World War and 1931. Chapter four argues that the intersection of a strand of French intellectual
history with new discourses of nationalism undermines Lewis's pre-war tactics, and calls for a
different type of critical fiction. Chapter five, organised around the presentation and analysis of
an unpublished and unfinished novel, joint (c.1924), understands Lewis's anti-Semitism as a
disastrous solution to this new problem. The conclusion compares two very different books,
Hitler (1931), a work of political journalism which endorses National Socialism; and
Filibusters in Barbary (1932), an account of Lewis's travels in French North Africa, which
identifies Lewis's authorship with idealised representations of the nomadic Berber peoples.


The paper addresses the problem of fault detectionand analysis inmodern distribution grids, using an algorithm based on Stockwell transform (S-transform). The FFT and the Standard RMS were implemented for comparison of results with the ST method. Modified IEEE model of 13-bus test system with high level of distributed generation was used for testing of presented methods in Matlab/Simulink simulation environment. Methods are implemented in laboratory using advanced, dSpace based setup that includes modified industrial converters and distribution grid emulator. Also, real grid measurement results of voltage disturbances obtained on two different voltage levels are used for further testing of presented methods and confirmation of results obtained in simulations and on the laboratory setup.


Choosing How You Think Learning How Not To Think Owning Responsibility for Choosing Using Self-Talk Choosing Your Personal Rules Choosing How You Perceive Attributing Cause Predicting and Creating Your Future Visualizing With Your Mind's Eye Making Decisions Preventing and Managing Problems The Courage To Think For Yourself


Adsorption is a surface phenomenon, in which the adsorbate is adhered to an adsorbent material and have been study for the removal of textile dyes, which have high toxicity to the aquatic environment. One of the dyes that stands out is methylene blue, which is organic, basic, aromatic, heterocyclic and molecular formula (C16H18ClN3S). In this study, we aim was to carry out a bibliography review in national and international scientific journals with articles published in the period from 2005 to 2019, of the adsorbent materials for the adsorption of the methylene blue dye. The materials reported are: mango seed powder, wheat husks, activated carbon obtained from rattan sawdust, activated carbon prepared from coconut shell, garlic shell, NaOH modified pummell shell, activated carbon (coconut shell and modified with NaOH), activated carbon (pea peel), HCl modified watermelon peel, potato peel, ZnCl2 activated cashew nut peel, mesoporous carbon obtained from fish scales, pineapple peel and bamboo. Our review indicate that the adsorbent materials found in the literature for methylene blue adsorption have high adsorption capacities. The adsorption capacities are high and depend on several parameters, which influence the adsorption (pH of the medium, mass and particle size of the adsorbent material, concentration of adsorbate (methylene blue), temperature and time of contact of the adsorbate with the adsorbent.


Estimation of the time of death is one of the most important problems for forensic medicine and law. Physical and biochemical postmortem changes are evaluated together while estimating the time of death. Vitreous humor chemistry is used for postmortem analysis since serum values of many components are thought to be reflected in vitreous humor and to be stable for a prolonged postmortem interval (PMI). A similar isolated compartment to vitreous humor is synovial fluid, which up to now was hardly used for postmortem chemistry.


An attempt to predict the new atomic dark matter lines is done on the example of a dark lepton atom-positronium. Its Layman-alpha line with the energy near 3 GeV may be observable if the appropriate conditions are realized. For this we have studied a γ-ray excess in the center of our galaxy. In principle, this excess may be produced by the Lα line of a dark positronium in the medium with Compton scattering. The possibility of observations of an annihilation line (E~300 TeV) of dark positronium is also predicted. Other proposals to observe the atomic dark matter are shortly described. Besides, Hα line (1.3μ) of usual positronum must be observable in the direction on the center of our galaxy.


Frequently several PhotoVoltaic (PV) plants has to be monitored by an unique supervision centre (we can say that the plants constitute a "constellation" from the point of view of storing and transferring data). In this case the analysis of the whole population of data by means of statistical approach requires long time and it is not always possible. In the paper it is presented a procedure of analysis based on sampled data; this approach allows to detect if anomalies are present and which PV plant is interested. So, an in depth analysis (based on the population of data) will be carried out only for inefficient PV plants. The paper proposes a resampling method, so-called bootstrap, able to approximately describe the sampling distribution. Its peculiarity consists in taking information about the population of the data (whichever its distribution is) and giving quickly preliminary information about the operation of the PV plants.


This paper outlines the usage of 3DES in Microsoft .NET. It provides a basic overview of the 3-DES method, along with a review of other popular encryption methods and some sample code which can be used to implement 3DES.


: The paper commences with presentation of fundamen-tal principles of mathematical formulation of optimization problems. Then application of incidence matrices to decomposition of complex optimization problems has been described. Finally, a new method of development of calculation algorithms for elements and units of machines has been outlined.


This thesis is designed to take a close look into the characteristics of architectural space through the standard of beauty, which has been created apart from our desires at certain cultural or historical periods of time. It will try to construct the outline of conception about the beauty throughout many centuries. First of all, contents of the research will focus on the aspects, which people have been considering as beauty eversince the ancient time without having any assumptions on its concept. For example, if the beauty of art has been accepted by the theories of modern aesthetics while degrading the beauty of nature, its value could have possibly been much more appreciated. The standard of beauty has been going through the process of change in such history of mankind. The general standard of beauty, which was established in the ancient time was the proportion and harmony between many elements. Afterwards, beauty was expressed as colors and light in medieval times. Expression of beauty using ugly features such as monsters or demons also existed at the time. Beauty has been periodically developing from supernatural to gracious, rational, noble, romantic, religious, mechanical, and today's media. The concept of beauty established from the above has been appearing throughout various culture such as dress and decoration at the given period of time. It would later affect the formation of space as well as decoration for architectures and styles. It will be analyzed throughout the five design elements; style, composition, materials, components, and form. The thesis would like to find the spatial order of beauty from the result of the analysis. The analysis will examine the possibility for which the recomposition of beauty will be provided as a design process for the new era. The Greek beauty represents a shape. The shape represents proportion and the proportion represents given numbers. However, beauty is being expressed by the opposite process at the present time. In other words, computers will arrange the numbers, which would formalize the proportion between the numbers. Beauty would be presented when the shape is presented as certain forms.


This report is intended to assist curriculum developers, administrators, and teachers in the Technical and Further Education (TAPE) system in deciding if and when it is appropriate to introduce individualized systems of instruction in their programs. The first section explains what individualized instruction is and examines the reasons for the recent increased interest in this instructional method. The nest section, which addresses the important variables found in the research literature, suggests that while there are no advantages to self-pacing over group-pacing per se, the individualized approach (particularly Keller's Personalized System of Instruction) generally produces small but significant improvements in student achievement at the secondary level. This approach also appears to produce favorable outcomes because of its use of small steps and requirement of mastery and provision of feedback at every step in the learning process. Evidence supporting the increased benefits of cooperation compared to competition (conventional instruction) or individualistic efforts (individualized instruction) is also provided. The next section compares individualized systems of instruction currently in use in New South Wales, Victoria, and South and Western Australia. The final section discusses the main conclusions drawn from the study with repsect to development and implementation of individualized programs including various innovations that have been or are being introduced in TAM instructional features and educational outcomes; important student, course, and individualized instruction variables in implemented programs; and curriculum development. Three pages of references are provided. (MN)


Abstract The slurry erosion behaviour of laser clad Fe–Cr–B–Si alloy coatings was investigated at impact angles from 30° to 90° with an increment of 15°, and compared with the slurry erosion behaviour of two laser clad carbide coatings and a non-coated substratemade of AISI 4140 steel. The Fe–Cr–B–Si alloy coatings had slurry erosion resistance. Their overall slurry erosion resistance at impact angles from 30° to 90° was higher than both the carbide coatings and steel. The erosion resistance of the Fe–Cr–B–Sialloy coatings was less dependent on slurry impact angle. The Fe–Cr–B–Si alloy coatings consisted of the Fe–Cr solid solution matrix and the second phase Fe2B. The laser beam traverse rate had little effect on the erosion resistance and microstructures ofthe coatings. The liquid nitrogen cooling of the substrate resulted in a structural refinement of the deposited coating and increased the erosion resistance substantially.


The aim of this study is to investigate the problems of appraisal standard of Government-authorized Korean language arts textbook which used to adopt the textbook as a government-authorized textbook of the 2007 revised korean national curriculum and explore the alternative norms. For this aim, I analyzed the 'Kukeo(Korean language) in middle school with general criteria asked for the good text book, as follows : ① problems of reflection of national curriculum ② organization of learning experience ③ acception of social-cultural demand ④ propriety on the theory of korean language education. As a result of this analysis, I discoverer a few problems. First, the description of the appraisal standard is so abstract that is possible to various interpretation, such as flexibility, creativity, propriety. Second, there is few standard with value criteria, so the appraisal standard could not perform functions to guide to the good Korean language arts. I verify this problem in the 'Kukeo(Korean language) that is passed by this standard. As a result, the appearance of the reflection of national curriculum is very various according to explicit or allusive reflection, concrete or abstract, partly or general, mechanical or organic. The appearance of organize learning experience is also various such as, formal voice or experiential voice, active responsibility or passive responsibility. As a concluding remarks, I suggest that the appraisal standard is described concretely and should to be added value category.


This paper deals with the M/G/1 model with processor-sharing service discipline. Let L* (t, x) denote the number of jobs present at time t whose attained service time is not greater than x, x ~> 0, and Vo(t, z) the sojourn time of a tagged job placed in the system at time t and requiring z units of service. Explicit analytical expressions are obtained for the joint distribution of L* (t, 9 ) and V0(t, 9 ) under various initial conditions in terms of the Laplace transform with respect to t. It is shown that for initial conditions of special kind (there is one job or none) the results can be expressed in a closed form.


Assignment of credit is an important system in the law of obligation, and closely related to jus rerem and the system of unjust enrichment. Under the contract law of China, where parties agree that the credit is unassignable, the agreement shall be observed. Making such affirmativeness concerning the validity of agreement is open to question. It is inconsistent with the trend in foreign countries, and not fit for the need of the economic development. Deepened probe should be made with respect to the issues concerning the concept, constituent requirements, and legal force of the system of assignment of credit.


Some studies have evaluated the use of Opuntia as reinforcement for polymeric matrices, obtaining good results in energy absorption tests and increasing the tensile elastic modulus. However, no studies focusing on the previous characterisation of the fibres and their treatment to improve compatibility with polymeric matrices have been found. This work analyses the chemical composition of Opuntia maxima (OM) and Opuntia dillenii (OD) cladodes and fibre, studying how different treatments influence it. AOAC 2000 methods were used to determine non-structural components and the Van Soest method was used to estimate structural components. Surface characteristics of the samples were also evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Opuntia fibre presented higher cellulose (50–66%) and lignin (6–14%) content and lower hemicellulose (8–13%) content than Opuntia cladodes (9–14% cellulose, 20–50% hemicellulose, 1–4% lignin). Despite the variability of lignocellulosic materials, OD cladodes treated with water and acetic acid achieved an increase in the structural components. Alkaline fibre treatment removed pectin and hemicellulose from the fibre surface, slightly increasing the cellulose content. Future research should evaluate whether the treated Opuntia fibre can improve the mechanical properties of reinforced polymer.


Abstract : Long-Term Goal: Our long-term goal is to contribute to our understanding of the dynamics of the exchange flow and the stratification in the Bab al Mandab and its effect on the general circulation and stratification of the neighboring Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Objectives: We want to determine whether exchange flow through the Bab al Mandab is hydraulically controlled and what the implications are for the stratification in the strait and surrounding waters. Consideration of these questions will involve tides and mixing. We are particularly interested in critical layer mixing near points of hydraulic control and its consequences for the stratification. We further seek to better understand the processes by which the exchange flow is coupled to the circulation in the Red Sea. Such processes undoubtedly depend of rotation. A problem of particular interest is determining how the upper layer approaches the Bab al Mandab from the Red Sea (and how the lower layer enters the Red Sea.)


L12 phase hardening alloys with excellent mechanical properties are of great significance for structural applications. However, low volume fractions of L12 precipitates in conventional alloys (nearly lower than 60%) tend to limit their practical usage, while the strengths of the alloys generally increase with L12 precipitation contents. Herein, a novel high‐entropy alloy (HEA) Ni35Co35Fe10Al8Ti10B2 with ultrahigh concentration L12 precipitates is successfully designed aided by the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD). The volume fraction of L12 precipitates in this HEA is up to 75% and outperforms that of most of traditional superalloys. The novel L12‐strengthened Ni35Co35Fe10Al8Ti10B2 has an ultrahigh tensile yield strength of ≈1.45 GPa, ultimate tensile strength of ≈1.9 GPa, and great ductility of ≈23% at room temperature. The desirable strength–ductility combination is superior to most of conventional superalloys and reported HEAs, mainly due to the presence of ultrahigh concentration L12 precipitates that act as dislocation obstacles and the formation of numerous stacking faults and deformation twining. This work is expected to provide guidance for developing new high‐performance HEAs with an excellent combination of strength and ductility.


In Chapter 15, the scaling behaviour of correlation functions at criticality, T = Tc, has been derived. This chapter is devoted to the critical domain, where the correlation length is large with respect to the microscopic scale, but finite. In dimensions d < 4, above Tc, the property of strong scaling is derived: in the critical domain above Tc, all correlation functions, after rescaling, can be expressed in terms of universal correlation functions, in which the scale of distance is provided by the correlation length. However, because the correlation length is singular at Tc, in this formalism, the critical temperature cannot be crossed. Alternatively, one can expand correlation functions in formal power series of the deviation (T −Tc) from the critical temperature, in presence of a magnetic field. The sum of the expansion satisfies renormalization group (RG) equations also valid for T < Tc and in a magnetic field, from which follow scaling properties in the whole critical domain. The universal two-point function can be expanded when T approaches Tc, using the short-distance expansion (SDE). A few terms of the ϵ expansion (ϵ is the deviation from dimension 4) of a few universal quantities are reported. Calculations at fixed dimension and summation of perturbative expansions are described. The conformal bootstrap based on the SDE and conformal invariance at the infrared (IR) fixed point provides an alternative method to determine critical exponents.


— The goals of high-precision atomic parity violation (APV) studies are to search for new physics beyond the standard model of the electroweak interaction by accurate determination of the weak charge and to probe parity violation in the nucleus. Interpretation of all past APV experiments and some of the ongoing ones requires theoretical calculations. The current status and future prospects of atomic parity violation studies and the implications for searches for physics beyond the standard model are discussed. Recent accurate calculation of the nuclear spin-dependent parity-violating amplitude is described. New result still leads to the discrepancy between constraints on weak nucleon-nucleon coupling obtained from the cesium anapole moment and those obtained from other nuclear PV measurements.


A synchronous AC servomotor, having a rotor (1) disc-shaped, which is located between two stator halves (2, 3), wherein each is provided with a bearing (6, 15) for a shaft (9) supporting the rotor and each stator half (2, 3) comprising a part (28) of iron magnet having a plurality of radial slots (29) and an electric coil (30) having conductors inserted in the radial grooves; wherein said rotor (1) comprises an even number of pieces (45) of permanent magnets, which have field lines extending parallel to the magnet axis (9); ring forming said pieces (45) of the permanent magnet a series including interstices (35) of magnetically non-conductive material extending around a hub (48) supported on the shaft, and wherein the permanent magnet pieces mentioned has flat sides acting as surfaces of magnetic poles (N, S) which extend in parallel planes on the shaft (9) extends perpendicularly, and wherein said pieces (45) of the permanent magnet alternate in series with the north and south poles, and whereby the interstices (35) between the parts (45) of adjacent permanent magnet diverge radially outwardly; the outer periphery of the hub (48) comprising axially inner parts and outer cylindrical parts with peripheral flat surfaces (47), said peripheral flat (47) are in the central area of said interior above parts and parts outer cylindrical in said peripheral flat (47) also extend along the sides of a regular polygon and the edges located in the middle; and having said pieces (45) of the permanent magnet a limiting surfaces located radially inwards shaped as cylindrical segments and straight canals (46) are provided in the middle between said limiting surfaces thus creating surfaces interior and exterior limiting axial, in wherein each axially inner limiting surface being supported on one said axially inner cylindrical part, and wherein each boundary surface axially outside is supported on a said cylindrical portion outer axial, and wherein the straight channels (46) are supported on the flatbed ( 47) of the hub (48); said rotor further comprises a band placed around the rotor (1), said peripheral flat planes (47) of the hub (48) form a regular polygon on the outer periphery of the hub cooperating with said straight canals (46) of the magnets (45) for fastening said pieces of magnets (45) on said hub (48) and retaining the magnets (45) in the axial direction by the engagement of said peripheral flat planes (47) and said straight channels (46).


Production systems deteriorate stochastically due to usage and may eventually break down, resulting in high maintenance costs at scheduled maintenance moments. This deterioration behavior is affected by the system's production rate. While producing at a higher rate generates more revenue, the system may also deteriorate faster. Production should thus be controlled dynamically to trade-off deterioration and revenue accumulation in between maintenance moments. We study systems for which the relation between production and deterioration is known and the same for each system as well as systems for which this relation differs from system to system and needs to be learned on-the-fly. The decision problem is to find the optimal production policy given planned maintenance moments (operational) and the optimal interval length between such maintenance moments (tactical). For systems with a known production-deterioration relation, we cast the operational decision problem as a continuous-time Markov decision process and prove that the optimal policy has intuitive monotonic properties. We also present sufficient conditions for the optimality of bang-bang policies and we partially characterize the structure of the optimal interval length, thereby enabling efficient joint optimization of the operational and tactical decision problem. For systems that exhibit variability in their production-deterioration relations, we propose a Bayesian procedure to learn the unknown deterioration rate under any production policy. Our extensive numerical study indicates significant profit increases of our approaches compared to the state-of-the-art.


Dnt. KRETSCHWIER's book represents a serious and scientific attempt to determine the relations, if any, betweeni physique and character. The ground is first of all cleared by a particularly stringent method of investigation, which incorporates the somatic features of face and skull, physique generally, surface of the body (skin, blood vessels, hair), glands, measurements, and includes temporal factors, type of personality, and heredity. Three main types of physique have been elaborated on the basis of records of this kind, viz., the asthenic, the athletic, and the pyknic respectively. It may be explained that by the last of these is signified the type (seen " in its perfection " in middle age) of which the characters are: pronounced development of the body cavities (head, breast, and stomach), tendency to a distribution of fat about the body, a " soft broad face on a short massive neck, sitting between the shoulders." Intermediate varieties and combinations are fully recognized. Next, on the foundation of adequate clinical material, the pyknic pnysique is showvn to be decidedly predominant among " circulars " (manic-depressives), while the asthenic and the athletic (and certain other varieties, some mixed) are more common among the schizophrenes (dementia pratcox). The second part of the book is taken up with an ingenious endeavour to assort human types according to their temperaments or characterology. Taking the two psychotic conditions above mentioned circular or manicdepressive, and schizophrene-the author determines their respective temperamental builds. Finding, as he considers, minor degrees of the same temperamental " make-up " in the prepsychotic personalities of the patients themselves, and in their blood-relations, he describes these as " cycloid " and "schizoid respectively, the terms being indicative of states of personality fluctuating between sickness and health. Finally, a purview of humanity as he sees it round him in the persons of friends and acquaintances and others leads Dr. Kretschmer to describe the occurrence of " cyclothymes " and " schizothymes " among them, normal mentally and physically though they are pronounced to be. The author's keen observation of human personality impresses the reader; his analysis of various historical characters is clever if perhaps on occasion rather speculative; but whether any rigorous traciing of the 78


The paper introduces the definition of cloud computing, characteristics and service mode. In view of the present situation of university information system construction, this paper presents a university comprehensive information system model based on cloud computing, which consists of infrastructure layer, business data processing layer, application system layer and customer service layer. The high effectiveness and advancement of information system model in infrastructure utilization ratio, information sharing degree, the security of data storage, software application mode etc are discussed.


OBJECTIVE To undersand neurosurgical hospital infection characteristics and bacterial resistance,and to provide reference information for the rational use of antibacterial drugs in clinics.METHODS Using the combined methods of initiative monitoring and recalling system to carry on the clinical informations' statistics,the analysis and the judgment for the 880 inpatients in the neurosurgery department in 2005.RESULTS The rate of neurosurgical hospital infection was 16.36%,significantly higher than the hospital average rate(9.18%) at the same period.Neurosurgical hospital infection pathogens were mainly Gram-negative bacteria.Infection sites occurred mainly in urinary tract(44.44%),followed by lower respiratory tract(35.42%).Sixty strains were Escherichia coli(20.2%),34 strains(11.44%) for Enterococcus faecium(D group),25 strains(8.42%) for Acinetobacter baumannii,25 strains(8.42%) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and 18 strains(6.06%) for Klebsiella pneumoniae.CONCLUSIONS Systematic monitoring of neurosurgical hospital infection characteristics and dynamics of bacterial resistance has important clinical reference significance to the rational use of antibacterial drugs.


Timothy Dwight, eighth President of Yale, traveled widely in the Northeast for more than 20 years before his death in 1817. His observations were posthumously published as Travels in New England and New York. For all its loose organization, pomposity and 'droning sameness' of style, the text reveals an extraordinary range of observation and a deep awareness of literary and philosophical approaches to landscape. In characteristically eighteenth-century fashion, he sees the aesthetic and the moral as inextricably linked. Travels constitutes a deeply tendentious and supremely ideological reading of landscape as Dwight seeks to refute the claims of condescending Europeans and reveal the supremacy of New England religion and culture, as guaranteed by freehold land and the properly regulated worship of an established church. Dwight's landscape ideal symbolically controls potentially irreligious and unruly people using several inflections of neoclassical visual aesthetics, including the framing and spatial bounding of the picturesque and the insertion of elite leaders in country seats and cities, marked off by signs of architecture and refinement. This fusion of the moral and the aesthetic amounts to an aesthetic disciplining of the landscape. In Dwight's text we also glimpse a distinctly Calvinist and Federalist landscape ideal, which differs in some ways from the symbolic landscape of agrarian republicanism.


The present invention discloses a recovery method of the organic waste gas, which comprises the following steps: firstly, the organic waste gas is pretreated in a strainer and a cooler; secondly, adsorbed by an adsorption tank, then desorbed by the water vapor after having a saturated adsorption, the desorbed mixed gas is condensed by the condenser again, then came into an oil-water separator, separating the solvent and the waste water; a dividing wall type heat exchange waste water heater is added between the adsorption tank and the condenser; the waste water separated from the oil-water separator is sent to the waste water heater, utilizing the excess heat of the water vapor desorbed from the adsorption tank, heated by the dividing wall type heat exchange, vaporizing the remnants solvent of the waste water; the solvent after vaporizing has a recycle treatment, the rest waste water after vaporizing comes into another active carbon absorber or sewerage station, adsorbing the micro-solvent of the sewerage until coming up to the standards, then being drained. The present invention utilizes the most of the excess heat of the water vapor desorbed from the adsorption tank to heat the sewerage, reduces the organic solvent content of the sewerage, enhances the recovery efficiency, reduces the reprocessing cost of the sewerage, and reduces the secondary pollution.


Energy conservation is very important nowadays. For an optimized re-utilization of waste heat and heat from regenerative energy sources, an improved storage system with a minimum loss is required. Hydrophilic zeolites are suitable materials for this purpose. Currently they are used as packed beds. The main disadvantage of such packed beds is the high pressure loss for the flow of the heat transferring medium through such a bed. This reduces the efficiency of such a system clearly. Zeolitic honeycombs can overcome this problem. At the IKT these honeycombs are produced on a twin-screw extruder known from plastics engineering. In this way, two process steps (compounding and shaping) can be integrated into one step: The compound is mixed in the machine and directly extruded through an appropriate die. Such a compound of mineral based zeolitic honeycombs consists of zeolite, a binder, a plasticizer and water. The first three components can vary in type. To get good mechanical properties, green bodies of such a...


Power supply is the key component in piezoelectric actuator's application. In the paper, a one-order 12-bit Sigma-Delt DAC is implemented in a FPGA chip using digital technology. A preamplifier circuit with low offset voltage was used to amplify th signal of the D/A converter and the PA86 was driven by the output of preamplifier. We take anti-interference and ripple into ac count at the design stage and the performance of ripple suppression and stability of this system is better than others. The principl and the performance of the composite amplifier are tested and analyzed in detail in this paper. The unique features of this design ar high precision, low ripple, strongly driving capability and fine stabling.


Within the Health Protection in Childhood and Adolescence Research Project a hygienic inspection questionnaire was designed for schools. To test this questionnaire, 248 schools in 11 districts of the county of Karl-Marx-Stadt were inspected. From the ascertainments made, several instances are cited to point out the priorities of school hygiene.


This invention relates to an A-GPS positioning method and system. The A-GPS receiver on RNC continual receives GPS satellite signal to extract and send GPS time to the SMLC module for time calibration; when received navigation request, the SMLC builds and sends GPS auxiliary information to user terminal according to GPS time, received original information and user subzone position; terminal completes pseudo-range measurement by the received information and reports the result to the SMLC; the latter obtains the user terminal position. This invention improves A-GPS navigation precision.


This study aims to examine: (1) the influence between social support of parents and academic procrastination of Depok Pharmacy Vocational students, (2) the influence between self-regulation and academic procrastination on Depok Pharmacy Vocational students, and (3) the influence between social support of people old, self-regulation with academic procrastination. This study uses a correlational quantitative method. There are three scales used in this study, namely the scale of parental social support, the scale of self-regulation, and the scale of academic procrastination. Researchers used as many as 80 students of Depok Pharmacy Vocational School as a study sample selected using saturated sampling techniques. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression test. The results of this study indicate that: (1) parental social support has a significant influence on academic procrastination with a negative relationship direction which can be seen from the significance value of 0,000 and the regression coefficient of -0.173. (2) self-regulation has a significant effect on academic procrastination with a negative relationship direction which can be seen from the significance value of 0,000 and the regression coefficient of -0,627. (3) Rsquare value of 0,481; it means that 48.1% of the variation in academic procrastination is influenced by parental social support and self-regulation, the remaining 51.9% is caused by other variables not measured in this study. The relationship between social support of parents and self-regulation with academic procrastination is known to have a significant relationship with a significance value of 0,000.


Role-playing, besides its use as a gaming media, can also be used as a powerful simulation tool. Due to its versatile nature and all the possibilities that it can offer us in building imaginary worlds and situations, we can also apply that technique to simulate real life and realistic behaviour. In project and knowledge management it is possible to use Role playing for optimization and building specific knowledge. Applying the simulation in advance, can greatly help us to recognize, prepare and solve most problems that may occur, reducing overall cost and time of any project.


Sputtering parameters were adjusted to produce Kr content up to several atomic percent in sputtered Au. As-sputtered density was approximately 17.5 g/cm/sup 3/ or 91% of theoretical density for a Kr content of approximately 5 at.%. Kr bubble formation and growth behavior was characterized as a function of heat treatment time and temperature (below the melting point) by transmission electron microscopy, optical metallography, and density measurement. Kr bubbles as small as 50 A diameter and densities down to 72% of theoretical (14.0 g/cm/sup 3/) were observed. Larger bubbles in excess of 1 ..mu..m diameter were observed in the lowest density samples. Surface finishes better than 20 ..mu..m were produced on the substrate sides of these sputtered deposits by replication of machined substrate surfaces. However, surface finish was degraded with increasing deposit thickness for deposits containing up to 5 at.% Kr. Surfaces were also degraded by heat treatments sufficiently severe to produce large (1 ..mu..m diameter) Kr bubbles intersecting the deposit surfaces.


EPAiR OF the cirrhotic liver has been studR ied for its therapeutic possibilities. Partial hepatectom y and other surgical procedures have been performed to determine whether an excised portion of cirrhotic liver is replaced by normal tissue. Mann et al.14 and Cameron and Karunaratnel were probably the first to undertake such work. Mann et al.14 produced cirrhosis in dogs with carbon tetrachloride and performed partial hepatectomies; regeneration occurred but complete restoration to normal did not occur. Cameron and Karunaratnel carried out similar studies in rats; they concluded that precirrhosis, with slight fibrosis, was replaced by liver of normal appearance but that well established cirrhosis, with fibrous bands and demarcated nodules, underwent hepatic cell regeneration but did not end in normal liver because of the persistence of much of the fibrous tissue and nodularity. Other studies,l4 except for the recent work of Islami, Pack, and H ~ b b a r d , ~ have confirmed these findings. Islami et al.5 produced cirrhosis in rats by the subcutaneous administration of carbon tetrachloride, performed partial hepatertomies, and studied the livers histologically in biopsy specimens taken at intervals of 1 to 3 months. They concluded that cirrhotic liver was replaced by normal liver. They attributed their success, in this area in which previous workers had failed, to 4 factors: a larger initial partial hepatectomy (approximately SO.% instead of 30. to 50.% removal) that may have caused more extensive regeneration; better nutrition of the rats (in that present commercial laboratory chow might provide ingredients not formerly recognized as necessary); a longer interval between the partial hepatectomy and the final histological study that they theorized might have been necessary because


Fold recognition is an important issue in protein structure research. The Rossmann-fold protein that has typical structure is a common kind of alpha/beta protein. The training set, selected from 22 families, is constituted of 79 Rossmann-fold proteins which have less than 25% sequence identity with each other. The hierarchical clustering method according to RMSD is applied and a profile-HMM based on structure alignment is built for each cluster. Testing on 9505 proteins with less than 95% sequence identity from Astral1.65, the sensitivity, specificity and MCC are 93.9%, 82.1% and 0.876 respectively. The result shows that building profile-HMMs after classification could reach precise fold recognition while a unified one cannot be built due to there are too many members in training set.


CONTEXT
A lack of inhibitory control has been suggested to be the core deficit in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), especially in adults. This means that a primary deficit in inhibition mediates a cascade of secondary deficits in other executive functions, such as attention. Impaired stopping has been claimed to support the inhibition hypothesis. However, executive functions such as inhibition and attention are hard to disentangle.

OBJECTIVE
To use event-related potentials in adult patients with ADHD to show that impaired stopping is associated with abnormalities of attention.

DESIGN
The stop signal task was presented to 24 adults with ADHD combined subtype and 24 controls. Stop event-related potentials are distorted by overlap from event-related potentials to other stimuli in close temporal proximity, but we applied a method (Adjar level 2) to effectively remove this overlap.

RESULTS
In line with an inhibitory control deficit, the stop signal reaction time was longer in adults with ADHD (F(1,46) = 7.12, P<.01) whereas there was no significant difference for go stimulus reaction time. Overlap-free stop event-related potentials revealed smaller stop P3s in adults with ADHD (F(1,44) = 4.20, P<.05). In children with ADHD, this has been interpreted to reflect deficient inhibitory control. However, controls were also found to have larger early responses in the auditory cortex (N1) when stop signals resulted in successful stops, relative to failed stops, signifying increased attention (F(1,23) = 11.88, P<.01). This difference was completely absent in adults with ADHD.

CONCLUSIONS
Disturbed attentional processing of the stop signal contributed to impaired stopping in adults with ADHD. This finding may have implications for treatment.


The accurate calculations of petrophysical properties in carbonate reservoirs are the most challenging aspects of well log analysis. Many equations have been developed over the years based on known physical principles or on empirically derived relationships, which are used to calculate carbonate rock petrophysical properties. Carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East are very heterogeneous in terms of rock types. Therefore the reservoir should be split into layers on the basis of the dominant rock type in order to define average values and trends of petrophysical parameters in the reservoir rock. The saturation exponent (n) and cementation exponent (m) are calculated from well log data using Pickett method. The study made across the Mishrif carbonate formation, which is the shallowest formation of the hydrocarbon bearing zone in the NS oil field in the Middle East. Results show that the average formation water resistivity (Rw= 0.0243), average mud filtrate resistivity (Rmf= 0.199), Irreducible Water Saturat...


The purpose of the work is to decode the symbolism of the vocal cycle «Poème de l'Amour et de la Mer» by E. Chausson based on poems by M. Bouchor. The research methodology consists in the application of semiotic, comparative, historical and biographical, hermeneutic, as well as structural and functional methods. The specified methodological approach allows us to reveal and decode the symbolism of the musical and poetic text of E. Chausson's vocal cycle based on M. Bouchor's poems «Poème de l'Amour et de la Mer». The scientific novelty of the research lies in the perception of the vocal cycle «Poème de l'Amour et de la Mer» by E. Chausson based on the poems by M. Bouchor as a complex symbolic formation intended for the communication of the recorded, meaningful authorial information. Consideration of this work in the semiotic and information space allows us to identify and decode the symbolism of the musical and poetic text of the work as well as to understand the musical universe of the French composer and his version of symbolism. Conclusion. Analysis of «Poème de l'Amour et de la Mer» proves that the poetic and musical text of the work is saturated with symbols, the decoding of which helps to immerse into and understand the authors' ideas most deeply. It can be argued that the vocal cycle is inspired by and based on the symbolism of the poetic text, as well as that the composer's interpretation is as close as possible to the aesthetics of symbolism. E. Chausson's work seems to evoke memories, he knows how to maintain an imaginary, in modern terms, virtual, deliberately ambiguous world composed only of unique fragments, for that reason, the author is constantly in that word as different figures and possible interpretations, which are his inner need. This freedom and independence of mind, to a certain extent, correspond to the mentality of the Symbolists. «Poème de l'Amour et de la Mer» preserves the already existing cultural and musical frameworks, but E. Chausson adapts them to his own requirements and offers a unique version of symbolism, that is, E. Chausson's universe develops in two parallels: some testaments of the symbolists persist, but the perceptivity passes through the filter of author's beliefs and sensibility.
Key words: symbol, aesthetics of symbolism, vocal cycle, poetry, composer's interpretation.


It is 1778 in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Sixteen-year-old Nell Cooper is doted on by her baronet father, Sir Patrick, a man acutely status conscious and highly susceptible of slights. He is a rich West India planter who brings home from Barbados a slave girl, Olu, as a 'pet' for his daughter. The two girls are uneasy companions, each in their own way strong and defiant. Nell, through whose eyes the story is told, expects Olu to be a grateful, submissive slave happy with her lot, but, as she quickly discovers, this is far from being the case. Yet in spite of everything the two girls grow close, a development not lost on Sir Patrick who starts to regret bringing Olu home. Soon the baronet is having the pair watched, using as a spy his evil steward and attorney, Archibald Vine.


The status of adult education in Swaziland was examined. Data were collected through a survey of 100 practitioners at 20 institutions that elicited 66 usable responses (response rate, 66%), consultative meetings with leading scholars in adult education inside and outside Swaziland, and a review of pertinent documents and literature. Key findings were as follows: (1) all 20 educational institutions except CARITAS provided adult education; (2) adult education's clientele included male and female youths and adults; (3) programs were meeting learners' needs regarding problem-solving, farming, coping, writing, resource management, and reading skills; (4) adult educators faced numerous constraints, including insufficient resources, misconceptions about adult education, a lack of competent leaders in the field, a gap between practice and research, and inadequate government support. The following were among 30 specific recommendations for improving adult education in Swaziland: (1) define adult education within the Swaziland context to give practitioners a uniform understanding of the term; (2) promote networking among practitioners and organizations providing adult education; (3) hold regular seminars and workshops for practitioners; (4) provide professional development opportunities for practitioners; (5) provide universal access to adult education; (6) increase funding for adult education; and (7) increase efforts to improve adult education's image. (Contains 23 references.) (MN) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.


This paper investigates two questions. First, why do we observe analysts' long-term earnings growth forecasts (hereafter, LTG forecasts) for some firms but not others and why do some analysts issue LTG forecasts while others do not? Second, are the LTG forecasts viewed as value-relevant by investors and do they enhance the value-relevance of stock recommendations? For the first question, at the firm level, we predict a positive (negative) relation with investors' demand for LTG forecasts (the cost of collecting long-term oriented information). In particular, we hypothesize that the existence of LTG forecasts increases with the firm's growth opportunities, the firm's financial health, the proportion of shareholdings by long-horizon investors, firm size, and firm age and decrease with loss occurrence. At the analyst level, we predict that analysts with less time and resource constraints, with more experience and ability, and inputting more research effort in covering a firm are more likely to issue LTG forecasts. Empirical results are largely consistent with our predictions. For the second question, we find that the stock market responds significantly to LTG forecast revisions. In addition, the stock market responds more strongly to recommendation revisions by analysts who also issue LTG forecasts. Further, investors following the stock recommendations of analysts issuing LTG forecasts earn more trading profits than investors relying on the recommendations of analysts not issuing LTG forecasts.


We study the CP-violating asymmetry {\cal A}_{\rm CP}, which arises, in \eta\to\pi^+\pi^- e^+e^-, from the angular correlation of the e^+ e^- and \pi^+\pi^- planes due to the interference between the magnetic and electric decay amplitudes. With the phenomenologically determined magnetic amplitude and branching ratio as input, the asymmetry, induced by the electric bremsstrahlung amplitude through the CP-violating decay \eta\to\pi^+\pi^-, and by an unconventional tensor type operator, has been estimated respectively. The upper bound of {\cal A}_{\rm CP} from the former is about 10^{-3}, and the asymmetry from the latter might be up to O(10^{-2}). One can therefore expect that this CP asymmetry would be an interesting CP-violating observable for the future precise measurements in the \eta factories.


The topic – as formulated in the title of this article – has never been articulated as such up to now within Croatian musicology. This article is the first attempt to offer a sketch of its scope as known nowadays. Protestantism gained some ground in its early periods during the 16th century in Croatia, more in the northern continental territories and Istria than in Dalmatia ; by the mid-17th century it was no longer an important social issue in Croatian society at large. Consequently, the Counter- Reformation in the Croatian lands was in reality much more a Catholic Renewal movement, aimed at improving the existing ecclesiastical and cultural circumstances, and less at the issue of the rivalry between the Lutheran and Calvin doctrines. The main force which generated it in Croatia seems to have been the Roman Church's thriving for the unification with Christian churches of the Eastern rites, and the 'Reconquista' of the territories lost to the Islamic Ottomans in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 15-16th centuries, using Croatian territories as a stronghold for these endeavours. In this, music played no decisive role en general, but its psychological and social importance should not be underestimated. There are few data concerning the direct connection of music with Protestantism in Croatia, especially in Dalmatia. However, the issue "music and Protestantism" might have made up part of the most notorious 17th- century Dalmatian scandal concerning this complex question. In this scandal, a series of various social events had involved the Split Archbishop Markantun De Dominis, his nephew and successor as Archbishop, Sforza Ponzoni, two members of the local Split aristocratic family of Capogrosso, and, very probably, musicians such as Tomaso Cecchini (displaced from Split to Hvar), Ivan Lukacic (introduced as the new main musician in Split) and the young music theoretician Giorgio Alberti. The possible construct, as displayed in this article, within the episode of replacing the De Dominis-Cecchini team with the Ponzoni-Lukacic- Alberti music team in the Split Archbishopric during the 1614-1620 period, shows – as a case study – that music and politics, of both State and Church, can never escape, especially during times of social crisis, a kind of liasions dangereuses. In this, they always influence not only the individual destinies of musicians, but can also promote or hinder the quality of musicianship and even the stylistic orientation of a certain area. The article ends with a provocative hypothesis: with the Protestant movement far from being a truly dangerous adversary in 16-17th century Dalmatia, the Roman Church was very probably aiming at the Glagolitic ecclesiastical and cultural dimension of Croatian and Slavic society on the eastern shores of the Adriatic to be put aside in the great strategical moves more far towards the East. In this, the music of the replaced composer and organist T. Cecchini was not what really mattered ; it was very probably the deeply-rooted Glagolitic chant, a kind of Croatian Hussite chorale. If put in this way, had not the Croats had their own successful Protestantism (music included) called Glagolism long before German Protestantism?


The amino acid sequences of animal trypsin genes were download in the NCBI database,using the CLUSTAL X2 algorithm for sequence alignment,phylogenetic tree was constructed by Neighbor-joining method in MEGA3. 1 software. Sequence analysis showed that the amino acids sequences of trypsin have multiple conserved motifs. Catalytic triad structure: His( histidine)-Asp( aspartic acid)-Ser( serine) and three disulfide bonds formed by 6 conserved cysteines were found in the download amino acid sequences of trypsin family. In addition,these sequences also have a specific substrate binding site,which determines the specificity of trypsin. Phylogenetic analysis showed that trypsins from vertebrates and invertebrates are divided into two major branches. The trypsin X3 species of vertebrates was as a separate branch,which suggested that trypsin X3 species and vertebrates were with lower homology.


The paper presents the main pathogens, diagnostic criteria for outside the hospital pneumonia in children, the choice of antibiotics, their dosage and frequency of administration.


The present invention provides a complete optical fiber laser device which oscillates in the infrared wavelength range of the wavelength of 3~4um. The present invention uses a non-silica optical fiber with a rare earth element having an energy level transition corresponding to the infrared wavelength range of the wavelength of 3~4um the fiber core is doped with a gain medium. Fabry in the non-silica-fiber-installed losses resonator or ring resonator, or connect a silica optical fiber at both ends of the non-silica optical fiber and the silica fiber Fabry-type resonator may be provided for losses or annular resonator. Thus, the full fiber laser device of the present invention may be a laser oscillation in an infrared wavelength range of the wavelength of 3~4um a fully fiber system.


Nanoparticles of noble metals exhibit localized surface plasmons (LSP) associated with enhancement of the electromagnetic field due to its localization in nanometric domains at the surface of nanoparticles. Especially, nanogap metallic structures show strong enhancement of the electromagnetic field at the nanogap position. This can be achieved up to 105 times larger than the incident light field. We have explored the possibility to use the localized field for nanogap-assisted surface plasmon nanolithography. For this purpose, monodisperse arrays consisting of pairs of rectangular gold nanoblocks separated by nanogaps were fabricated on glass substrates using electron beam lithography and lift-off techniques. Nanoblock structures were used as photomasks for contact exposure of thin films of positive photoresist on glass substrates. Thus, ordered clusters of nanoparticles separated by nanogaps can provide a stable and versatile platform for further development of optical subwavelength nanolithography. To th...


This study set out to examine foreign language learning motivation in reference to general EFL (English as a Foreign Language) and ESP (English for Specific Purposes) instructional materials. More specifically, it examined in-class behaviors of Japanese engineering students as they were instructed with EFL and ESP instructional materials in alternating class sessions over a twelve week period. Data were gathered through instructor post-class observation notes, and analyzed using two-step content analysis. Results suggested that motivational engagement was affected by instructional materials' type, content, and characteristics, as well as individual and group factors within the classroom. Overall, ESP material content appeared to more positively influence the degree of engagement in learners, with technical and engineering content drawing particular interest.


Sendebao Ⅱ as aerial control pesticide was used to control the pine moth on the Chinese pine in the up,middle and down plots of Chahaliang mountain.Results showed that the natural mortality of pine moth was 8% in control plot at the 10 th day.However,the corrected mortality of pine moth was 89.34% in treatment plot,and the antifeedant rate reached 100%.Sendebao Ⅱ as aerial control pesticide could not only control pine moth,but also protect environment.


This article deals, the pulsating flow of blood carrying Au/CuO Oldroyd‐B nanofluid through a porous channel with the effects of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, and Joule (Ohmic) heating, and applied magnetic field. The perturbation technique is employed to get analytic solutions for flow variables. A comparison between analytical and numerical results shows a good agreement. The effect of various parameters is addressed extensively aided by pictorial results. The obtained results present that the velocity is reduced with the higher values of Hartmann number and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The temperature of nanofluid is enhanced with an enhancement of Eckert number and radiation parameter while it reduces with a rise in Hartmann number. Furthermore, the rise of the volume fraction of nanoparticles boosts up the rate of heat transfer.


An Airborne VNIR and SWIR Imaging Spectrometer (AVSIS) system is fully integrated with grating-based VNIR and SWIR imaging spectrographs, a customized CCD camera and an InGaAs camera, a precision GPS/IMU setup, a specially- configured instrument PC, and a dedicated AVSIS operation autonomous software package. AVSIS is a fast hyperspectral imaging system capable of imaging simultaneously 129 spectral bands across a 1,392-pixel swathwidth with 1-meter resolution in a 445-900 nm spectral range, along with 228 additional synchronized SWIR bands in a 900-1700 nm range with a 320 coarse pixel swath, which matches the maximum acrosstrack viewing angle that the VNIR part covers. All of these bands are digitized at 12 bits each with the same pushbroom scanning rate up to 60 scanlines/sec. AVSIS is interoperational with a multispectral framing camera system for simultaneous stereo pairs. Its initial hyperspectral/multispectral/stereo synthetic remote sensing applications have been discussed; and mapping- quality data samples are presented.


Robotic exoskeletons have been built for augmenting human performance, assisting with disabilities, studying human physiology, and re-training motor deficiencies. They have wide range of applications, from improving the muscular capabilities of soldiers in rough terrains to aiding therapists in the rehabilitation of patients who have suffered from neurological conditions in particular to stroke or spinal cord injury. This work presents the methodology of fabrication of a robotic powered lower limb exoskeleton to assist patients with at least one degree of freedom to the knee. This device provides an accurate movement for the displacement of legs with precision and accuracy as an ordinary individual does without any gyroscopic effect usually found in


The results of treatment with biological preparations of Trichodermine and Gaupsin of garlic bulbs of winter crops before storing plant products for storage are highlighted. Materials of research were onions of garlic garlic (Allium sativum L.), Lubasha, Trichodermine and Gaupsin (in concentration of 2%). The label of garlic products was 3 kg and stored in the refrigerating chamber Polair Standart KKN 8.81, as well as open plastic boxes (control), and boxes, lined with food polyethylene film (GOST 1354-82). The experimental data of the three variants were statistically analyzed using the dispersion analysis method. In the work, storage of plant products in food polyethylene film is applied. A decrease in the percentage of diseased and bulbous bulb of the winter strain of Lubasha during storage after application of antimicrobial agents was detected, which may be a consequence of the action of these biological protection products of plants, and the result of storing bulbs of garlic for storage with increased tolerance to disease


To assess the natural resource potential of the Medvedevsky district of the Mari El Republic, a scoring method was used, a natural economic approach based on the administrative division of the territory was used.


In this paper, an enhanced current pulse generator featuring fast transient response is presented. The proposed circuit offers the possibility to control specific design parameters to obtain the desired performance in terms of pulse shape, amplitude, input-output delay, and power consumption optimization under different load conditions. A detailed analysis of the enhanced current pulse generator that focuses on the improvements provided with respect to a standard solution is provided in the paper. The system has been integrated on a test vehicle in 110-nm BCD technology as part of the programming circuitry of a phase-change memory. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, which ensures a 300% faster transient response to reach 80% of the output-current amplitude with respect to a standard circuit.


Text categorization is an important research field within text mining. The initial objective of text categorization is to recognize, understand and organize various volumes of texts or documents. The general procedures of categorization are treated as supervised learning, from which the similarity can be inferred from a collection of categorized texts for training purpose. Obviously, the typical approaches for categorization are restrained at single word level and not content-oriented. This paper introduces an innovative research work, a content-oriented automatic text categorization algorithm (CogCate), inspired with cognitive situation models, to simulate the human cognitive procedure in the text categorization task. CogCate is not limited with traditional statistics analysis at word level, but includes a process of lexical or semantics analysis, which secures the accuracy of categorization. The evaluation experiments have testified the precision of CogCate. Meanwhile, CogCate tremendously reduces the time and effort spent on training and corpus maintenance, and proves that text categorization can benefit from interdisciplinary research efforts.


Soil chemical properties are the most important limiting factors in agricultural production. With the development of traditional agriculture towards modern precision agriculture, how to acquire soil information rapidly is a major issue for all the soil related workers. In this paper, hyperspectral technique is involved so as to discover the potential of using hyperspectrum in soil properties monitoring and estimation. First, soil properties investigation and sampling are conducted in the study area in the seedling growth stage of winter wheat. Then, soil samples were taken back to the laboratory to acquire soil chemical properties, such as soil organic matter, total N, available P and K, as well as their respective hyperspectral reflectance. The soil hyperspectral reflectance curves were filtered by wavelet transform in 6 scales using Matlab and obtain 6 low-frequency components and 6 high-frequency components, respectively. All these information are considered to estimate soil properties integrating multi-resolution analysis (MRA) and multivariate analysis (MVA). Results show that, the above methods improve the estimation accuracy obviously and could be extended to the estimation using hyperspectral images.


The afferent connections to five cortical regions in two distantly related species of lizards (Gekko gecko and Iguana iguana) were studied by means of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin. Each of the five cortical regions is characterized by a specific pattern of projections from telencephalic, thalamic, hypothalamic, and brainstem regions. Subdivisions within the five cortical regions also receive different patterns of projections. The thalamo‐cortical projections are as follows: The small‐celled mediodorsal cortex receives a projection from nucleus dorsolateralis anterior pars magnocellularis. The large‐celled mediodorsal cortex receives projections from nucleus dorsolateralis anterior pars parvicellularis and pars magnocellularis. The dorsal cortex receives a projection from nucleus dorsolateralis anterior pars parvicellularis. The lateral cortex receives a projection from nucleus dorsolateralis anterior pars magnocellularis. The pallial thickening receives projections from nucleus dorsomedialis and nucleus intercalatus. The latter nucleus receives a direct retinal projection. Thus, the pallial thickening is the recipient of a retino‐thalamo‐cortical projection.


In this paper, we studied the different content of aramid fiber, aramid pulp, carbon fiber, high silica fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber's effect on EPDM inhibitor material. The result show that aramid fiber can significantly improve the ablation resistance of thermal insulation layer, when the content of aramid fiber up to 6.7%,the inhibitor material's ablating rate get the minimum value 0.04mm/s. Aramid pulp can improve ablation resistance of thermal insulation layer, but its dispersion in insulation material is difficult. Others inorganic fiber can't lower the ablating rate as much as aramid fiber, it mainly because of the brittleness of inorganic fiber, during the dispersion process, most of fiber had been triturated, so those fiber can't decrease the liner ablation rate of the inhibitor.


The training program has the ultimate goal and the knowledge gained in the training can be transferred back to work. This study aims to determine the effect of Self-Efficacy and Supervisor support on Transfer Training through Motivation to Transfer. The sample in this research is the PMQ employee at PT. Sumatra Prima Fibreboard. The sample technique used was purposive sampling, namely employees who had participated in the PMQ Skills training program with a valid total response of 203 respondents. Data collection was done by collecting questionnaires using the 5 Likert point scale. The data analysis method used in this study was Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using WarpPLS version 5. The results showed that Self-Efficacy, Supervisor Support, and Motivation to Transfer from a positive and significant provider for Transfers of Training. Self-Efficacy and Supervisor Support are positive and significant variables in influencing Motivation to Transfer. The results of the study also showed that Self-Efficacy and Supervisor support had a significant and significant effect on Transfer Training through Motivation to Transfer.


The COVID‐19 pandemic has had a profound impact on medical care and medical student education as clinical rotations were halted and students' clinical activities were drastically curtailed. Learning experiences in medical school are known to promote identity formation through teamwork, reflection, and values‐based community discussion. This study explored the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on medical students' professional identity formation (PIF).


By means of geostatistical methods and threedimensional (3D) visual technology, 3D geological modeling can integrate various useful geological data to characterize stratum, structure, pluton and orebody for a given area in 3D environment. 3D geological modeling has been developed dramatically over the past 30 years, and gained successful application in the field of hydrocarbon and mining industry (Kessler, 2009). Especially, Mineral exploration progresses to large-scale mapping, three-dimensional predictive modeling of exploration targets becomes desirable (Carranza, 2011). For many years, Chinese workers have carried out a lot of studies on the Dawan gold ore deposit in the northeastern Hunan Province of South China by utilizing geological, geochemical, geochronological and geophysical methods. A breakthrough on ore genesis and mineral resource of the deposit has been made. However, most of the studied results were based on limited and discrete cross sections, boreholes and 2D geological map data. An unresolved geological issue is the lack of a systematic, consistent, information as well as knowledge on the ore geology of the Dawan despoit. In this paper, 3D geological modeling is used to solve the above issue in order to construct an integrated and unified 3D geological model on the Dawan despoit.


Abstract Pleroma asperius is a shrubby Melastomataceae endemic to southern Brazil and threatened with extinction in the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state. Aiming to better understand the distribution of the species in different environments in RS and contribute to its conservation, a literature review, searches on online platforms and field expeditions were carried out. From 270 records obtained, ninety-one presented location data and were treated as distinct occurrence points, six of them located in Conservation Units (CUs). Maps for P. asperius occurrence (82 non-overlapping points) were constructed, with layers referring to relief, biomes with phytogeographic regions, and hydrographic basins. Most points are below 50 m.a.s.l. in altitude (86.8%). The Pampa biome and Pioneer Formations have the highest percentages of occurrence points (74.4 and 71.9%, respectively). The interpolation of the occurrence points with environmental data characterized the preferential distribution of P. asperius in low-altitude areas, especially in wetlands and in the Pioneer Formations. These environments undergo intense changes by anthropic interventions. We draw attention to the low number of occurrence points in UCs. We still recommend to review the conservation status of P. asperius, include it for recomposing vegetation in degraded areas and create more CUs in the Pampa biome.


Nowadays students are short of creativity commonly.This is mainly because that our education lingered in the intellective education mode for a long time which neglected the cultivation of students' creativity.In this mode,knowledge and skill are the only pursuit of students,therefore intelligent is ignored and creativity is killed.The 21st century needs talents with creativity and so the cultivation of creative thinking should be put first.