Objective: The aim of the present research was to evaluate, in an open, short-term study, the efficacy and tolerability of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei F19 in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Patients and methods: Studies were carried out on 100 patients with IBS (38 male, 62 female, age range 18–68 years), 52 with diarrhoea and 48 with constipation, recruited in accordance with the Rome II diagnostic criteria. All patients were administered Genefilus F19 (Siffra Pharmaceuticals SpA, Florence, Italy), a commercial preparation containing L. paracasei subsp. paracasei F19, at a dose of one sachet (dissolved in water) twice daily for 14 days. Each sachet contained 12×109 genetically stable microorganisms of L. paracasei subsp. paracasei F19, combined with 750 mg gluco-oligosaccharides plus vitamins B1, B5 and B6. Symptoms were evaluated, based upon a daily diary, before and after treatment. In addition, in a series of 20 consecutive patients, L. paracasei subsp. paracasei F19 content was evaluated in faeces before and after treatment. Results: Following treatment, abdominal pain was no longer present in 94% of the patients with IBS with diarrhoea or in 87% of those with IBS with constipation. Diarrhoea was no longer present in 88% of the patients, while constipation was no longer present in 83% of the patients. Abdominal distension had disappeared, or considerably improved, in 95% of the study population. These percentages remained practically unchanged at follow-up, 2 weeks after the end of treatment. Tolerability was excellent – no significant side effects or drop-outs were recorded. The results of microbiological evaluations performed on faeces revealed a low microbial L. paracasei subsp. paracasei F19 load before treatment and a marked increase in load following treatment, with a minimum of 2, to a maximum of 10, cfu/g faeces. Conclusions: In this short-term study, Genefilus F19 was confirmed to be efficacious and well tolerated in patients with IBS presenting with diarrhoea or with constipation and, therefore, useful in everyday clinical practice. Double-blind controlled studies, with placebo, including clinical evaluations at medium- and long-term follow-up, are now under way with a larger series of patients to confirm these promising findings.


We theoretically investigate the localization of population distribution in rotational excitation of diatomic molecules induced by a train of optical pulses in the terahertz region. In a simulation with parameters of real molecules, the localization is observed as a combined effect of several causes. For mathematical analysis, we classify the localization into four types based on the viewpoints of physical processes. We provide some extreme numerical examples of the four types of localizations.


Trier Social Stress Test(TSST) is a widely used psychosocial stress paradigm conducted in a laboratory setting which has been shown to reliably elicit a physiological stress response in various study samples.However,no study to date has investigated the responses to the TSST in Chinese sample.Therefore,in the present study,healthy male and female volunteers(N=30) performed the standardized TSST protocol,during which several subjective measures(Profile of Mood State and the visual rating scale) and objective measures(heart rate and salivary cortisol) were assessed.The results showed that participants exhibited a significant increase in heart rate and salivary cortisol,and reported more anxiety immediately following the TSST compared to baseline.Furthermore,while men and women did not differ with respect to physiological response to TSST,women did report higher levels of anxiety compared to men.The findings demonstrated that TSST is a protocol with good applicability in Chinese participants and could be used to conduct psychosocial stress research in China.Sex differences failed to reliably discriminate between male and female in objective measures to stressors which were achievement-oriented.


The AREVA US EPRTM is a pressurized water reactor that is currently under licensing review by the US NRC. The US EPRTM Nuclear Island (NI) is founded on a common basemat supporting the Reactor Building (RB), Reactor Containment Building (RCB), Fuel Building (FB), and Safeguard Buildings (SB) 1 through 4. The Nuclear Auxiliary Building (NAB), on a separate foundation, is in close proximity to the NI as well. Detailed finite element (FE) models are developed for each of the individual buildings to support static analysis and design. For SSI analysis the afore-mentioned building models are combined into one large soil-structure interaction (SSI) model. More than 45,000 interaction nodes are defined to represent the embedded NI structures in the SASSI model so that it achieves a sufficiently high seismic wave passing frequency. High performance computing (HPC) software and data centers are used to process the complex SSI FE models for seismic analysis. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of seismic SSI analysis of the US EPRTM NI. The analysis is performed using three modeling techniques: Subtraction Method (SM), Modified Subtraction Method (MSM), and Direct Method (DM). The results of the detailed FE model are shown in terms of transfer functions (TF), in-structure response spectra (ISRS), and total foundation seismic demand. The Direct Method results are compared against those of the Subtraction and Modified Subtraction Methods.


The article highlights distinctive features of war representation that is considered to be crucial in artistic and publicist works of Leo Tolstoy. The concept particularity is manifested in the writer's lexicon against the background of the 19th stereotypes and conventions. It is stated that the inherent nature of the concept is encoded in words sumasshestviye (madness), zlo (evil), nasiliye (violence), and the idea gets its conceptualization by being denied, Leo Tolstoy considers it an unnatural power that contradicts human existence laws. However, in his early works Tolstoy used to appreciate people's war for liberation, which in his late works was totally rejected – the writer and publicist called it manifestation of evil and violence, his evaluation of patriotism in military actions changed to complete negation. The concept constituents and their linguistic representations are described and shaped in evolutionary mental and sign series. The article presents some fragment of the writer's worldview in which the war is seen as a consequence of state institutions activity. Being firstly stated in Tolstoy's literary works, it was then transferred to the publicist writings where he could openly and clearly express his opinion, and the writer's lexicon there becomes less figurative and elusive but more explicitly and direct.


Bougainvillea, popularly known as 'Bunga kertas' in Malaysia, is thoroughly explored for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Bougainvillea has been shown to possess alkaloids and flavonoids which are widely used in folk medicine to treat different illnesses such as inflammatory, diarrheal, ulcer, and diabetic. Despite its major conventional therapeutic importance, only limited attempts have been made to investigate this species' chemical and pharmacological properties in relation to its medicinal uses. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of in vitro-induced callus under different light conditions and plant growth regulators on phytochemical and antioxidant activities using different extraction solvents. Based on the results, the maximum days (17.67) to callus initiation were recorded when nodal was cultured on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 7.5 µM 2,4-D + 0.5 µM BAP under light condition. On the contrary, the minimum days (7) to callus initiation were obtained when nodal was treated with 2.5 and 5 µM 2,4-D + 1 and 1.5 µM BAP under dark conditions. However, higher fresh and dry weight of callus was obtained when nodal was cultured on woody plant medium fortified with 7.5 µM 2,4-D + 1.5 µM BAP under dark and light conditions. In the analysis of the phenolics content and antioxidant activities, aqueous extract of conventionally propagated nodal part exhibited the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activities. However, the highest iron (II) chelating activity was produced from the aqueous extract of the calli induced under a dark condition. Hence, it can be concluded that the callus culture of Bougainvillea produced plant secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities comparable to the mother plants.


Corresponding author*: firstname.lastname@example.com Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied to determine its Limit of Detection (LOD) in aqueous solution. It was based on only one single-pulse laser system where we used a wood slice as the liquid absorbent to make over liquid sample analysis using the technique of LIBS. Using this approach, it is obvious to achieve good reproducibility and high detection sensitivity. More than twenty readings of the background emission were taken to calculate the LOD. The calculated value of the background intensity (σ) was 42.435 and the value of the gradient (S) of the calibration curve of Pb element in aqueous solution fitted with straight line through origin was 178.57 mg-1L. The LOD was determined and its experimentally calculated value in our study was 712ppb(parts per billion) with orders better than those determined by directly analyzing liquid samples focusing the laser light on a liquid surface In addition, the wood slice is very uncomplicated to handle and this study provides a more sensible approach for rapid and susceptible metal component investigation in aqueous solutions using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, which is really functional in various fields to analyze metal elements in aqueous solution, especially for monitoring toxic grave metals in aqueous solution.


Recent work has suggested that tropical Pacific decadal variability and external forcings have had a comparable influence on the observed changes in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) summertime eddy-dri...


Professor of Geography and Sustainable Development (open rank), specialised in sustainable regional development The Institute of Geography (www.giub.unibe.ch) at the Faculty of Science of the University of Bern invites applications for the position of Professor of Geography and Sustainable Development. In this position, the appointee will lead the research unit on Sustainable Regional Development, and also take an active role in the interdisciplinary Centre for Development and Environment (...)


Immediate inoculation of HEp-2 cells is generally advocated for the isolation of respiratory syncytial virus. However, delayed laboratory inoculation of properly transported specimens obtained by aspiration of nasopharyngeal mucus provided an isolation rate similar to that obtained with immediate inoculation.


This article explains the results of a work developed during the years 2014 and 2015 by research groups [Rum]Lab and GRATET of the Universitat Rovira i Virgili and HABITAR of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. The investigation began with a detailed analysis of the sector, 768,082 m2 located around Carles Buigas avenue of Salou, an important urban and commercial axis, continued with a diagnosis document and finished with a catalogue of proposals. The aim was to provide both temporary and permanent solutions for urban regeneration, tourism enhancement, trying to improve the quality of life of an area developed with the tourist boom of the 60s and 70s and that due to the high specialization and temporality, as well as low economic investment, has entered into a freezing and degradation process. The work launches a series of measures geared towards hotel industry, trade sector, public administration and, mainly, public space. In the article we will focus only on the transformation proposals for the public space.


The best described endocrinological form of hypokalemia in adults is Bartter's syndrome. Increased renal PG-synthesis secondary to decreased tubular reabsorption of chloride are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Systematic investigations of renal and systemic PG-production in chronic hypokalemia associated with various forms of renal tubular disorders in childhood are lacking. In 9 patients in the age of 3 m to 11 y (median:3 y) with these disorders urinary excretion (24h-urine) of PGE2 and PGF2α were determined as an index of renal PG-synthesis and of PGE-M and 6-k-PGF1α as an index of systemic PGE2 and PGI2 production. The normal range (10th-90th percentile) of PG-excretion rates in healthy infants (n=30) of the same age were as following (mass spectrometric(MS)-analysis): PGE2 2.7-13.0 (median: 7.2), PGF2α 11.6-47.3 (median:29.7), PGE-M 106-519 (median:269) and 6-k-PGF1α 3.9-24.7 (median:8.1) ng/h/1.73m2. In all 9 hypokalemic patients PGE2 excretion was elevated 3- to 19-fold when compared with the median of the control group; in 6 out of 8 patients PGE-M excretion was 3- to 18-fold elevated; no significant changes were observed in urinary PGF2α and 6-k-PGF1α levels. Considering that 8 out of the 9 patients depended on indomethacin treatment, it is proposed that MS determinations of PGE2 and PGE-M excretion provide a sensitive indicator for PG-mediated hypokalemia in childhood. - Supported by the DFG (Se 263-7)


Objectives: In immune cells, especially macrophages some oxidant molecules present a key role on inflammatory response trigger by pathogens and non-pathogens substances. For this reason, basal genetic superoxide-hydrogen peroxide (S-HP) imbalance as caused by Val16Ala-SOD2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) could has some influence on side effects induced by pharmacological drugs. This could be de case of Ziprasidone (ZIP), a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) used to treat some psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases that seems to act on oxidative-inflammatory metabolism. To test this hypothesis, an in vitro study using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) carrying different Val16Ala-SOD2 genotypes was performed. In standardized 72h cell cultures, the effect of ZIP exposure at plasmatic therapeutic concentration in oxidative (including level of DNA oxidation quantified by 8-deoxiguanosine) and inflammatory markers were analysed. Results showed that AA-PBMCs that have basal higher HP levels presented cito-genotoxic effect when ZIP-exposed, whereas VV-PBMCs presented higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines. The whole of results indicated some pharmacogenomic action of Val16Ala-SOD2 SNP despite in vitro methodological constrains. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 22 (1): January – February 2021: XX XX.


Background: On 1 st August 2016, Yogyakarta District Health Office (DHO) received a report of suspected food borne illness outbreak from village surveillance officer. Ten persons having diarrhea after attending a wedding party on 31 st July 2016.  Outbreak investigation was initiated to confirm the outbreak and identify contributing factors to contain the outbreak. Method : Cases were identified through attendant list. Interview and observation with food handlers and kitchen was conducted to investigate food processing and handling. Food samples were sent to laboratory. Case control study was conducted. Case was person with one or more following symptoms headache, nausea, vomitus, stomachache or diarrhea after attending wedding party on 31 st July 2016. Control was those who did not develop any symptoms after the same event. Result: Of 1000 total attendants, 451 were interviewed. Total of 157 cases identified. The incubation period 1- 21 hours with median 7.5 hours. Persons who ate dumpling with peanut sauce OR 8.06 (CI 95% 4.91–15.22) and fried meat with coconut shreds, OR 1.59 (CI 95% 0.93-2.74) are more likely to get sick. Laboratory examination revealed that both food was positive for S taphylococcus aureus . Interview to food handler showed poor of food processing practices.  Observation of kitchen revealed that food storage was not functional properly. Conclusion: There was a food poisoning outbreak following a wedding party. Improper food processing and storage is potential risk factors for food contamination. We recommended DHO to educate food handler on food safety and closely monitor the implementation of food safety in Yogyakarta.


JOPERD • Volume 79 No. 3 • March 2008 T he National Standards for Physical Education (National Association for Sport and Physical Education [NASPE], 2004) provides, at each grade level, sample performance outcomes that identify students' progress toward achieving each standard. Many of the performance outcomes indicated for standard one identify movement competency in gymnastics as a desirable goal for elementaryage students. For example, the performance outcomes state that students in grades K-2 should be able to balance on a variety of body parts. At a more advanced level, students in third through fi fth grades should be able to incorporate a variety of balances into refi ned gymnastic sequences with smooth transitions (NASPE, 2004). From a progression standpoint, these outcomes suggest that, for students to become competent in their gymnastic ability, they must develop individual skills and learn to incorporate these skills into a variety of self-designed combinations and sequences (Nilges, 1997, 1999, 2000). To achieve standards-based outcomes, teachers must have knowledge of skill progressions and appropriate assessment practices for different types of curricular content. Unfortunately, teachers often feel unprepared to include gymnastics, more specifi cally educational gymnastics, in the elementary school physical education curriculum due to a lack of familiarity with the content and a lack of knowledge about how it should be assessed. Given the clear indication in the national standards that physical education students should develop movement competency in more than just games, and because teachers are under more administrative pressure to demonstrate that their programs have a positive effect on what students know and can do (Wegis & van der Mars, 2006), the purpose of this article is to bridge the gap between the design of progressive experiences in educational gymnastics and the assessment of those experiences. First, educational gymnastics is defi ned and a framework for content development in educational gymnastics is revisited (Nilges, 1997; 1999). The article then presents options for assessing students across the four progressive stages of skill development in this framework. Since few guidelines exist to assess student achievement in educational gymnastics, the article aims to provide useful assessment strategies in a content area that has much to offer in terms of developing functional body management and problem-solving skills.


The authors on the basis of the analysis of operational activities of the institutions and bodies of the penal system to ensure the security of correctional institutions address issues related to ensuring internal and external security of prisons. The article identified the causes and conditions contributing to the occurrence of shoots from under the protection and the recommendations whose implementation will contribute to the prevention of penal offences.


I take issue with Professor Richard Barnett's statement that 'nurses' closeness to patients means they can gently nudge them into participating in studies' (analysis March 30). As a research nurse, I consider that to 'nudge' a patient would be entirely unethical. I also question whether any 'nudged' patient would complete their involvement in research studies.


This study concentrates on Shin-Ookubo, the new uprising Koreatown in Tokyo, as a tour spot for local Japanese visitors to connect and assimilate with another culture, especially by analyzing the phenomenon by examining the names on restaurant and road signs. Restaurant signs are named from a process of "naming." "Naming" not only happens individually, but also by a group of individuals of a certain culture. As the naming is approved, it soon acquires social characteristics. Especially, language on signboards sensitively portray the lifestyle and the changes in the society. This, in other terms can mean that individual lifestyles and psychological emotions get affected by being exposed to such signboards. However, language on signboards does not hold an exclusive meaning, and can be interpreted in different meanings. The meaning is not fixed. The user can take in the meaning of the signboard the same way as the namer(producer)'s intention or in a completely different way. Therefore, it is important to learn how Shin-Ookubo became the center of Koreatown by observing its history, space, and location, and to observe how the Korean wave, the term for Korean pop culture, assimilates and connects with different cultures by looking through store and road signs. As a result, modern awareness interpreted non-western, colored, and women as minorities in comparison to western, white, and men. Also, modernization caused alleys to disappear by newly constructed main streets. Meanwhile, while narrow alleys are symbolized as high-quality culture in Ginza, Shin-Ookubo welcomes women visitors with hand-written signs, and women also are attracted by meaningless pictures and Japanese letters that does not follow their norms. People are seeking change by experiencing new culture and space by recalling one's family and home and recovering from the loss. Also, intertwined Korean and Japanese signboard languages can be interpreted as a resistance to norms and people have the ability to read out those resistance whether it is occurred consciously or unconsciously. Resistance and acceptance without subject also can be another key feature to understand the meaning of the space.


As a result of the rapid growth of international trade, atmospheric pollution from transportation has been more topical than ever, especially in dense hub port-cities. The shipping industry should pay more attention corresponding to its contribution to local atmospheric pollution. This paper supports the application of data collected from the vessel tracking service system with a bottom-up approach to generate a comprehensive 2019 local ship emission inventory at Port of Incheon. The calculated emission inventory presented the dominance of CO2 emission and the considerable contribution of NOx and SOx emissions, the significant contribution of auxiliary engines during the hotelling at berth during the year of 2019. Then, based on calculated emission inventory, this study suggested and simulated applicable green policies in the practice: (1) local emission control area realization, (2) vessel speed reduction program, (3) application of cold ironing, and (4) establishment of a national integrated emission platform. The combination of the three first policies could help reduce the significant volume of emitted CO (29%), NOx (30%), SOx (93%), PM10 and PM2.5 (64%), VOC (28%), NH3 (30%), and CO2 (30%).


Objective: To evaluate the operation approach and the materials of rigid internal fixation in treating low position condylar fractures.Methods: 25 patients with low position condylar fractures were managed with different operation approaches and internal fixation.Results: After 3 to 6 months,X-rays confirmed the healing of condylar fracture in all cases out loosening titanium plates.Conclusion: Different operation approaches had different advantages and disadvantags.The facial nerve dissect approach was better than other approaches,especially for oblique Line low position condylar fracture.The fixation efiective of mini-titanium plates was better than that of micro-titanium plates.


Abstract We previously showed that routine indicators of immune-hematologic function are strongly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, especially among older adults, in whom traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors predict poorly. The objective of this study was to quantify differences in the relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) and 5-year risk of ASCVD events (stroke, myocardial infarction or cardiovascular death) as a function of age and the area deprivation index (ADI). We analyzed electronic health records of 76287 Cuyahoga County, Ohio residents who were over age 40 and who visited Cleveland Clinic Health System and/or MetroHealth System in two consecutive years between 2005 and 2015, the latter of which served as the index/baseline. Multivariable Cox regression was used, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, diabetes, systolic blood pressure and antihypertensive use. Generally, RDW levels in disadvantaged neighborhoods corresponded to people 15-20 years older from affluent neighborhoods. In a main-effects-only model, we found higher ASCVD event rates associated with age (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] per 10 year increment: 1.34 [1.32–1.35]), ADI (top vs. bottom quintile: 1.30 [1.24–1.36]) and RDW (>16% vs ≤13%: 2.03 [1.94–2.12]). Age and RDW exhibited a synergistic interaction (χ2 = 17.7 on 2 df, p<0.001), with slightly larger RDW effects associated with increasing age, while evidence of differential RDW effects across ADI quintiles was weak (χ2 = 12.9 on 8 df, p=0.11). We conclude that RDW effects on ASCVD event risk are large, independent from traditional ASCVD risk factors and increase with advancing age.


The Department of Media and Information Technologies of the University of Zielona Góra has developed a remote education program, which employs a set of multimedia e-learning modules. The program was implemented and empirically verified. The target group for the multimedia education program were students of two specializations: "media and IT education" and "new media in social communication with English as a Foreign Language". The group has special interests – many of the students work within the fields of photography, film, graphic design and programming. Having accounted for the skills and expectations of the target group, a blended-learning system was employed with a series of project-based tasks. Each of these tasks aimed at eliciting a creative solution to a given problem. The group was supported by the teachers but also by the very content and mechanisms of the multimedia education module. The present paper describes the improvements and modifications implemented into the module with the aim of supporting creativity of the students.


The effects of media types and concentration of 2,4-D on callus-induction with young spike of Pennisetum setaceum,and some concentrations of 6-BA on callus differentiation were studied.The result shows MS is the optimal medium on callus-induction.The callus induction rate reached its maximum of 100% at MS media with 3 mg·L-1 2,4-D,in the differentiation media with 1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA,the optimum differentiation rate was achieved at 44.0%,and in the 1/2 MS media plus 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA and 0.3 mg·L-1 activated charcoal,root generation rate reached 100%.


The work described in this thesis is primarily concerned with the construction and study of laboratory scale models for the process of air injection into liquid-saturated grain packing. Experiments, both in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) setups, were carried out using water-saturated packings of glass beads and/or packings of crashed fused silica glass grains saturated with a glycerin-water solution. High resolution digital images of the invasion patterns were recorded and analyzed. During air injection into a vertically-placed 2D glass bead packing saturated with water, three stages were identified, a tree-like pattern, a fluidized pattern, and a migrating single-channel pattern. The expansion of the tree-like pattern behaves in a diffusionlike manner as the air branches advance upward randomly, and finally reach a more or less constant width. The starting position of the fluidized pattern was quantitatively estimated via balancing the pressure forces between the effective stress due to the weight of the grains and the pressure resistance on the displaced fluid combined with the capillary pressure. Four dynamic regimes were distinguished: regime (i) where the fluidization stops somewhere between the top of the packing and the injection orifice, a transition regime (ii), regime (iii) where the fluidization reaches the injection orifice, and regime (iv) where the deformation of the packing appears as soon as the air is injected. A critical injection rate Qf is defined to identify the transition regime. The value of Qf can be determined via Qa, where Qa is calculated as averaged flux per channel. The regime (iv) is characterized by a characteristic injection rate Qc, which is estimated by balancing the pressure gradient of the air flow and the overburden pressure gradient of the medium. The phenomenon of the migrating channel is measured quantitatively in two parts, before and after breakthrough. Before breakthrough, the characteristic measurements concern maximum vertical advance, maximum horizontal advance, air volumetric fraction, ratio of total surface area to volume, specific surface area of the air phase, and box-counting dimension. After breakthrough, the characteristic measurements focus on mean horizontal position of air channel, horizontal shifting distance, lateral move-


A chemical sensing system based on arrays of surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators has been developed for identification of S- and N-containing Compounds. The four resonators in the array are coated with four kinds of different chemoselective polymers: triethanolamine (TEA), nano-fibular polyaniline (PANI), glutamic acid hydrochloride (GAH) and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCN) modified with tungsten trioxide, which are used for the detection of harmful gases H 2 S, SO 2 , NH 3 and NO 2 respectively. The harmful gases were detected under room conditions, the response time, the response value, the recovery speed and the detection tendency are obtained. The characteristics of various gases are extracted from the experiment datum. The datum is processed and Pattern recognition algorithms are developed to identify four different of gases. The stability experiments are also made to prove the accuracy of the results of the detection. It is concluded that the harmful gases, including H 2 S, SO 2 , NH 3 and NO 2 , could be detected rapidly and accurately by the SAW array sensor.


The invention provides a porous metal material air flotation device and method used for deployment tests of a satellite accessory. The porous metal material air flotation device comprises an upper cross beam, a vertical supporting beam, a lower cross beam, air inlets and a plurality of porous metal material air flotation disks. The upper cross beam is used for being connected with the satellite accessory, the vertical supporting beam transmits the weight of the satellite accessory on the upper cross beam to the lower cross beam, and the lower cross beam transmits the weight on the vertical supporting beam to the porous metal material air flotation disks. The lower cross beam is provided with threaded couplings corresponding to the porous metal material air flotation disks and the air inlets. The air inlets are used for transmitting high-pressure air flow to the porous metal material air flotation disks through the threaded couplings in the lower cross beam to enable the porous metal material air floatation disks to form air films, so that the upper cross beam, the vertical supporting beam, the lower cross beam and the satellite accessory are made to suspend. The porous metal material air flotation device and method used for deployment tests of the satellite accessory has the advantages that no whistle exists, the air films are stable and no friction exists while being capable of reliably and safely bearing the weight of the satellite accessory, reliably guarantees the gravity-free state of the satellite accessory and achieves the purpose of reliably and effectively conducting the air flotation deployment tests.


Suppose $N$ is a compact Riemannian manifold, in this paper we will introduce the definition of $N$-valued BSDE and $L^2(\mathbb{T}^m;N)$-valued BSDE for which the solution are not necessarily staying in only one local coordinate. Moreover, the global existence of a solution to $L^2(\mathbb{T}^m;N)$-valued BSDE will be proved without any convexity condition on $N$.


First measurements of the semiconductor laser linewidth broadening factor α using a recently proposed CHP (chirp-halfwidth product) method are reported. Gain-switched optical pulses have been generated by sinusoidal RF and comb generator drive. The simultaneous recording of streak-camera and monochromator traces provides the required data for determination of α. The values of α between 6 and 7.5 are obtained for a 1.3 μm mesa laser. Computer simulations predict that the CHP formula should provide an estimate of α within ±15% for either comb generator or hard sinusoidal drive.


We consider the master fields for HS multiplets defined on 10-dimensional tensorial extension of D = 4 space-time described as a coset of 16-parameter Maxwell group . The tensorial coordinates provide a geometrization of the coupling to constant uniform EM fields. We describe the spinorial model in extended space-time and by its first quantization we obtain new infinite HS-Maxwell multiplets with their massless components coupled to each other through constant EM background. We conclude our report by observing that three-dimensional spinorial model with a pair of spinors should provide after quantization D = 3 massive HS-Maxwell multiplets.


A system deploys electronic countermeasures against unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that are determined to be a threat. A signal detector detects radio signals communicated between a remote control unit and UAV. A feature extractor extracts signal features from the detected radio signals, and a classifier determines whether the detected radio signals correspond to a known or unknown radio protocol. A threat analyzer determines if a detected UAV is a threat based on at least one of remote-sensing data and classification(s) of the detected radio signals. When a UAV system employs an unknown radio protocol, a mitigation engine synthesizes an exploit based on corresponding extracted signal features. A response analyzer detects a response from the UAV system when an exploit is activated and mayadapt the exploit based on the response. In some cases, the exploits can be configured against a UAV in autopilot mode.


We evaluate the causal effect of hour-ahead price interventions on the reduction in residential electricity consumption using a data set from a large-scale experiment on 7,000 households in California. By estimating user-level counterfactuals using time-series prediction, we estimate an average treatment effect of ~0.10 kWh (11%) per intervention and household. Next, we leverage causal decision trees to detect treatment effect heterogeneity across users by incorporating census data. These decision trees depart from classification and regression trees, as we intend to estimate a causal effect between treated and control units rather than perform outcome regression. We compare the performance of causal decision trees with a simpler, yet more inaccurate k-means clustering approach that naively detects heterogeneity in the feature space, confirming the superiority of causal decision trees. Lastly, we comment on how our methods to detect heterogeneity can be used for targeting households to improve cost efficiency.


Textbooks give a fairly short IS-LM story. This paper offers a more detailed one. This story has several advantages vis-a-vis the usual textbook story, including: (a) it is clear about what it means by "money"; (b) it describes the central bank as targeting an interest rate; and (c) it covers the money multiplier and quantitative easing. To unfold, the more detailed story requires only minor adjustments to the IS-LM model, mostly the addition of the quantity equation of money – a mere identity.


AIM
To study diagnostic potential of MR imaging (MRI) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Clinical-radiation and MRI examinations of the joints were performed in 110 patients.

RESULTS
MRI symptoms of RA were determined including accumulation of liquid in the joint cavity, degeneration of the joint cartilage, meniscus, ligaments, proliferation of synovial coating, destructive changes in bone epiphysis.

CONCLUSION
Comparative analysis of x-ray and MRI results showed advantages of MRI in detection of inflammatory changes in soft-tissue structures of the joints in RA.


Purpose – This paper aims to provide a comparison of "old" democratic therapeutic communities, and "new" therapeutic communities for drug abuse.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a review of historical and cultural influences on therapeutic community development, with particular reference to leadership.Findings – Free from bias, cultural, psychological or ideological, the next therapeutic communities should integrate elements of both old and new therapeutic communities, in a development strategy which assimilates, socializes and finally prepares the individual for full participation in the larger community. Within this strategy, a rational authority model is not inherently flawed but can provide a structured stage for corrective experience leading toward personal autonomy. Regardless of its particular form, however, the efficacy of the next therapeutic community will relate directly to the extent to which they incorporate the essential of its modern and ancient prototypes, that of community and he...


There is a need for in vitro culture systems and gene transfer methods to be developed for local sugarcane varieties. In this study, protocols for high yield plantlet regeneration via somatic embryogenesis and cell suspension culture were established for varieties NI3 and NC0376. In addition, techniques were developed for the preparation of protoplasts from leaves, callus and cell suspensions. Protoplast culture and transformation were hindered by bacterial contamination , probably derived from an endophytic population. The potential of the seed as a recipient for direct gene uptake was also investigated. Although positive DNA uptake during early imbibition was shown using PH]pBR322, inconclusive results were obtained for transient expression of [3-glucu-ronidase following uptake of pBI221. Evidence is presented for the existence of microbial seed associates. It is proposed that the problem of endogenous microbial contamination be addressed before further work on gene transfer is undertaken using the tested varieties.


Basis on reviewing the history and present situation of the study on soil degradation processes in the world and China,this paper summarized the recent development in the forming mechanism ,the processes,models of soil degradation and the assessment indexes for soil degradation. Finally the main problems and futures of the research work in the field were put forward.


By compressing the extratemporal facial nerve of guinea pigs, the author succeeded in producing the reversible palsy of the facial nerve. The process and recovery of the palsy were assessed by evoked electromyogram of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and by blink reflex elicited by air puff. Nerve specimens obtained from the compressed site were examined under light microscope. In this experiment, the com-


The mode-I and mode-II interlaminar fracture properties of high modulus pitch-based carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) (fiber: K13C; resin: EX-1515 cyanate ester) modified with 20–30 nm β-SiC nanoparticles or multiwalled-carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated. Different volume fractions of both the β-SiC nanoparticles (1, 2, 5, and 10 vol%) and MWCNTs (1, 3, 5, and 7 vol%) were tested. The values of the mode-I and mode-II interlaminar fracture toughness of the CFRPs containing the lowest volume fractions of these nanostructures were larger compared with the unfilled composite but decreased with increasing the volume fraction of the inclusions. No differences in mechanical properties were observed among the different nanostructure types.


In decision analysis, significant recognition has been given to the fact that requiring numerically precise information seems unrealistic for real-life decision situations, Despite the emergence of ...


This Voicing is concerned with issues of voice perception, subjectivity and gender construction and explores the possibility of addressing them through the extended voice. It gives an account of the experience of 'Voice X', a singer who suffered from dysphoria, tracking
 the gendering process of their sounding voice through adolescence and its implications with personhood and social inclusion. I argue that the extended voice can problematize the gap between that which we say and what is said by the 'grain' of our voice. Focusing on the meaning
 potential of creak ‐ taken as an example of 'another voice' ‐ this practice research piece puts forward the argument that any extra-normal voicing has an implicit drag potential, made explicit each time a body to-be-looked-at and a voice to-be-listened-to do not seem
 to match. In conclusion, I introduce the idea of 'minor creak' as a queer space for vocal exploration.


This article develops a feminist reading of the biographical action series featuring Ip Man, the Wing Chun grand master lionized for mentoring Bruce Lee, as a set of culturally inflected practices in order to probe the sociohistorical structure that embeds and overdetermines these productions and allows for new, subversive potentialities. Building upon situated engagement, my analysis traces how the hypermasculine violent yanggang aesthetic tradition takes on new life by reclaiming women's voices in the Ip Man film franchise. I also identify the ways in which this filmic remaking of Ip's life story builds an alternative embodiment that unsettles musculature as the ground of colonialist/nationalist dominance and lays the basis for a new horizon of justice encapsulated by the flexible and elastic "Be Water" sensibility. As human beings are facing the common threat posed by prevailing toxic masculinity, these lessons, I argue, are crucial for us to find a path through the turbulence and build a more peaceful world.


The paper introduces a method to realize FlexRay network communication based on OSEK/VDX standard. In the paper, it firstly introduces the OSEK/VDX standard and FlexRay bus, then makes some improvement to achieve OSEK/VDX communication system's network object according to the features of FlexRay communication. Lastly it realizes FlexRay network communication by using the events-trigger OSEK/VDX Operating System.


Highlight Species, storage products, and moisture have large effects on the nature and quantity of volatile emission from dry seeds, but storage time and seed viability do not.


The article presents an analysis of the bibliographic database of the Google Academy as a source for studying the most cited articles of leading foreign journals in library and information sciences. The most rated journals on library science are introduced. The crisis of foreign library science as a social discipline in the subjects of the journal Scientometrics is ascertained. The place of foreign library science in the interdisciplinary discourse for November 2022 has been estimated. The leader of the turn towards new library science with greater focus on knowledge management and socio-ethical component in researches is designated R. David Lankes Professor of Library Science at the University of Texas in Austin. Based on the analysis of the most cited articles in the leading foreign journals on library science, the ways of modern library studies within the framework of the so-called "social turn", as well as the directions of interdisciplinary research in the field of social sciences with the participation of specialists in library and information sciences, are shown. When searching for a new library methodology, the so-called "chronotopy" and "altmetrics" are considered as a compromise option for combining quantitative and qualitative research methods, which also involve the author's immersion in the content under study – the basis for scientific introspection, self-reflection and self-control.


Since the establishment of insurable interest principle, law of insurance in Brain and the U.S. such countries has taken the three theories as its basis: legal relationship theory, theory of practical interest, and theory of practical interest with legal relationship. However, the former two theories do not achieve the goal they should take and the latter seems to meet the historical changes. In current law of insurance, the theory of legal relation is adopted into life insurance contract; while not definitely stipulated in the law, the theory of legal relationship is applied to contract of property insurance in practice. Based on the current situation of our country and that of theoretical development in Brain and the U.S., the author suggests in our law of insurance the theory of economic interest should not be adopted into the contract of life insurance and it should be embodied properly in the contract of property insurance instead.


Objective To establish a gradient elution HPLC-MS/MS method to determine sertraline hydrochloride in human plasma and its bioequivalence in healthy Chinese volunteers.Methods The plasma concentrations were determined by gradient elution HPLC-MS/MS method after a single oral dose of 50 mg reference and test preparations.The internal standard was demethylationtolvaptan,and the column was Luna C18(50 mm×2.0 mm,3 μm).Under the condition of gradient elution,multiple reaction monitor(MRM) was used to detect sertraline(m/z 306.1→m/z 159.0) and demethylationtolvaptan(m/z 435.2→m/z 238.1).Results The retention time of sertraline was 3.0 min,and the retention time of demethylationtolvaptan was 3.2 min.The sertraline curve was linear at 0.210-26.8 μg·L-1.The intraday and interday RSDs were both less than 15%.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the test and reference preparations were as follows: t max was(5.25±2.61) and(5.15±2.37) h; C max was(13.4±4.51) and(13.2±5.16) μg·L-1; t 1/2 was(27.0±4.4) and(28.9±6.2) h; AUC 0 ~ t was(408.6 ±157.2) and(418.3±141.0) μg·h·L-1; while AUC 0 ~∞ was(452.5±188.5) and(469.3±169.5) μg·h·L-1.The relative bioavailability of the test preparations was(97.6±18.8)%.Conclusion The gradient elution HPLC-MS/MS method can be used to determine sertraline hydrochloride in human plasma.The test and reference preparations are bioequivalent.


The Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative, launched by the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare (AASWSW) in 2012, identified a series of 12 broad social work challenges. Each challenge addressed a "deeply significant problem widely recognized by the public whose solution is within our grasp in the next decade, given concentrated scientific and practical attention" (AASWSW, 2016). This special double issue of the Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions addresses the Social Work Grand Challenge called Reducing and Preventing Alcohol Misuse and Its Consequences (Begun, Clapp, & The Alcohol Misuse Grand Challenge Collective, 2016). The AASWSW Grand Challenges initiative leadership situated the alcohol misuse challenge under the umbrella of "Close the Health Gap." Solutions under this health-related umbrella are expected to "lead to broad gains in the health of our entire society" and promote greater health equity across the population. Reducing and preventing the consequences of alcohol misuse would make major contributions by addressing one of America's major health gaps.


Aim: A prospective study was conducted to determine thyroid hormone levels and their relationship to survival in children with septic shock and sepsis.


Due to the effectiveness of assertion based verification (ABV) in programmable logic verification, and the error-proneness and time-consuming of the manual writing of assertions, the research on automatic generation of System Verilog Assertion (SVA) from English has developed rapidly in the past decade. The demand for high reliability verification in the aerospace industry urges us to explore the role of automatic assertion generation in Chinese. In this work, we proposed a controlled Chinese natural language (CCNL) framework to translate natural language assertions (NLA) into SVA. The step of capturing controlled Chinese NLAs from specification documents remains manually, which is the reason for so-called semi-automatic generation. CCNL framework consists of Chinese controlled word list, regular expression based semantic parser and assertion translator. We used this framework to extract assertions from requirements documents in Chinese, evaluated the framework, and proved its effectiveness.


We will give an explicit ring structure of the graded ring of Siegel modular forms of degree two with respect to a certain discrete subgroup of Sp(2;ℝ) contained in a non-split ℚ-form. We will also give the fundamental relations among the generators.


needy soldiers, and towns may raise not to exceed $150 for any destitute soldier. The adjutant general is authorized to secure data as to the educational qualifications of discharged soldiers, and high school students who would have graduated but for service are given diplomas. Missouri and New Jersey created soldiers and sailors employment commissions to secure reemployment for soldiers, and Indiana imposed a similar duty on a newly created employment bureau. Illinois requires the employees of 5 or more laborers to report between January 1 and 15 to the director of labor the number of employees who left to join the colors and the number reemployed; the director is required to investigate the reemployment of soldiers and to promote their speedy restoration to industry. Illinois, New Jersey and California made provision for the rehabilitation of the physically handicapped, by providing for their treatment in hospitals, establishing a school of rehabilitation, training them in selected occupations and securing employment. Land Settlement. One of the most important pieces of legislation was the so-called soldiers' land settlement acts which were passed in substantially similar form by Maine, Colorado, Idaho, Missouri, Tennessee, Oregon, Utah, Nevada, South Dakota, Wyoming and California. Cooperation is provided in all cases with the federal government in the drainage, irrigation or reclamation of lands for soldiers; the establishment of town sites, roads, schools, and churches; the advancement of loans to encourage settlement; the establishment of rural homes; and securing profitable employment. Boards were created to administer the settlement and liberal appropriations are provided. C. K.


Understanding the failure mechanisms of solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) is important for silicon electrodes because their volume expands substantially during lithiation. This work discusses material point method simulations of SEI failure during lithiation of silicon nanopillars. We demonstrate that considering SEI films as brittle, elastic materials does not allow fracture that would be consistent with experimental observations. However, constitutive models that include plastic deformation and result in ductile fracture are in very good agreement with trends observed in experiments. The insight gained from these results allows suggestion of possible strategies for design of SEI with improved failure resistance under lithiation-induced electrode expansion, where modification of the SEI leading to increased Young's modulus and/or strain hardening without compromising the underlying ductility of the material presents a desirable outcome for chemical and/or processing modifications designed to modify SEI...


The purpose of this study was to evaluate ethnic influences on motives for pharmacy store choice and selection of pharmacy outlets among Chinese Americans, Korean Americans, and non-Oriental Americans. Respondents (n = 414) were sampled in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area using a self-administered survey. The return rate was 67.8%, with a usable response rate of 58.7%. The survey instrument contained 23 statements describing patronage motives. Using exploratory factor analysis, these statements fell into six dimensions which explained 50.3% of the variance and were identified as professional services, store strength, decision network, store-supplied services, economics, and location. Overall results showed that ethnic differences were found on choice of pharmacy outlets for both prescription and OTC drugs and the motive dimensions of professional services, decision network, and store strength.


Addition theorems for spherical wave solutions of the vector Helmholtz equation are discussed. The theorems allow one to expand a vector spherical wave about a given origin into spherical waves about a shifted origin. A simplified derivation of the results obtained earlier by Cruzan [O. R. Cruzan, Q. Appl. Math. 20, 33 (1962)] is presented.


can prescribe measures likely to improve the implementation of such operations seem increasingly pertinent. Apart from theory construction, proper, the establishment of such theories requires systematic studies of singular peace-keeping operations in the past. The book under review here is an example of such a study, focusing on the UNIFIL peace-keeping force in Lebanon that has existed since 1978 (the &dquo;United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon&dquo;). The force was established in the wake of the 1978 Israeli invasion of Southern


Cumin ( Cuminum cyminum L.) is an annual herb of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) and an important spice crop and its production is limited due to wilt disease. So, for management of cumin wilt and to gain higher seed yield broadcasting application of Trichoderma harzianum or Trichoderma viride or Pseudomonas fluorescens either alone or in combination @ 5kg talc based product/ ha (carrier FYM 500 kg/ha) should be given at the time of sowing and one month after sowing (carrier soil 100 kg/ha).As the population of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas spp. increases the population of Fusarium spp. decreases and the wilt incidence also decreases.


THERE is little doubt that there are important differences in the biologic behavior of tumor cells and normal cells that can be correlated with altered surface properties. Thus, the uncontrolled gr...


Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a group of inflammatory and degenerative disorders in different body segments. They are triggered by movement at work and related risk factors and have common expressions of pain with variable intensity1. MSDs are characterized by symptoms of pain, fatigue and paraesthesia. They lead to varying degrees of disability, increase absenteeism at work, reduced productivity, and higher compensation costs. MSDs are highest work-related health issues worldwide regardless of degree of industrialization in country2. It is comorbidity having highest economic burden3,4 and accounts for 40% of the cost of work-related injuries5. It adversely affects the physical and mental wellbeing of workers and is associated with the psychosocial dissatisfaction, physical discomfort and low occupational work performance.


Virtual reality is a useful tool to train individuals for various different situations or scenarios. A single person utilizing a virtual environment can greatly enhance their skill set, but the greatest gain in skill is obtained when multiple users realistically interact in the virtual environment. To accomplish this, a network protocol must be designed to efficiently communicate vital information to participants in the virtual environment. The purpose of this paper is to document the design of a transmission protocol for a collaborative virtual environment (CVE). In addition, the network protocol was tested with a network emulator to understand how well the protocol functioned under various network conditions. When the jitter level was below 50 ms the transmission protocol was able to reproduce the smooth avatar movement even at transmission intervals as high as 100 ms. However as the jitter increased the transmission interval had to be kept as low as 10 ms to reproduce realistic human movement.


One of the most important problems in the physics and chemistry of the nanostructured materials consists in the local and the global structure determination by X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy methods. This contribution is dedicated to the applications of the Fourier series and Fourier transform as important tools in the determination of the nanomaterials structure. The structure investigation of the nanostructured materials require the understanding of the mathematical concepts regarding the Fourier series and Fourier transform presented here without theirs proofs. The Fourier series is the traditional tool dedicated to the composition of the periodical signals and its decomposition in discreet harmonics as well as for the solving of the differential equations. Whereas the Fourier transform is more appropriate tool in the study of the non periodical signals and for the solving of the first kind integral equations. From physical point of view the Fourier series are used to describe the model of the global structure of nanostructured materials that consist in: average crystallite size, microstrain of the lattice and distribution functions of the crystallites and microstrain versus size. Whereas the model for the local structure of the nanomaterials involves the direct and inverse Fourier transform. The information obtained consist in the number of atoms from each coordination shell and their radial distances.


ABSTRACT: Fecal samples collected in April 2019 from 10 half-lidded ovals, Patera binneyana (Pilsbry, 1899) (Gastropoda), in McCurtain County, Oklahoma, U.S.A., were examined for coccidial parasites. Seven (70%) contained oocysts of Pfeifferinella gugleri Wacha, 1980. Ovoidal octozoic oocysts without sporocysts measured (average L × W) 22.2 × 14.1 µm with an L:W ratio of 1.5. Oocysts possessed a subspheroidal to spheroidal oocyst residuum as well as a micropyle. This snail represents the fourth host to harbor this coccidian. We document a new host and geographic distribution record for P. gugleri.


This paper considers a class of robust estimation problems for varying coefficient dynamic models via wavelet techniques, which can adapt to local features of the underlying functions and has less restriction to the smoothness of the functions. The convergence rates and asymptotic distributions of the robust wavelet-based estimator are established when the design variables are stationary short-range dependent (SRD) and the errors are long-range dependent (LRD). Particularly, a rate of convergence [Formula: see text] in terms of estimation consistency can be achievable when the true components satisfy certain smoothness for a LRD process. Furthermore, an asymptotic property of the proposed estimator is given to indicate the confidence level of our proposed method for varying coefficient models with LRD.


Objective:To prepare the LPS and to clarify the role of LPS in setting up the cellular model of endotoxin infection. Methods:A method is described for LPS preparation if E coli by removing fimbrial, boiling water extraction and subsequent digestion with proteinaseK.LPS is farther punted by sephadexG-75.Different concentrations of purified LPS were added to macrophage culture plate and supernatant was obtained after a period of stimulation.Values of LPS were determined by ELISA.Results:Single peak of LPS is obtained using Violet spectrophotometer and LPS can be detected by limulus reagents. TNF-α concentrations in macrophage supernatant are 8.13±1.25 and 7.50±4.51 pg/ml(x±s,n=4),respectively after 24 hour induction of LPS with concentration of 2.5 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusions: LPS prepared by our method has high purity, high endotoxin activity and can be detected by limulus reagents. LPS can be used for establishment of cellular model of endotoxin infection.Our method has convinient, rapid advantage and is suitable for small scale preparation of LPS in laboratory.


One‐way or parabolic wave equations for time‐harmonic propagation in two‐dimensional elastic waveguides are considered. It is shown that the direct application of a rational linear approximation with real coefficients to the elastic wave propagation case results in exponential growth in the numerical solutions. Elementary analysis demonstrates that this kind of approximation does not treat properly the modes with complex wavenumber which can exist in elastic waveguides. A new bilinear square‐root approximation with complex coefficients is introduced that accommodates all mode types and leads to stable numerical solutions. In the case of thick elastic layers (such as sea‐bottom sediments), this new approximation gives accurate total field prediction. When thin elastic layers (such as ice on the sea surface) are present, however, the method introduces excessive damping to modes with wavenumbers significantly different from a reference wavenumber.


Low cost construction techniques for twin slab ferrite phase shifters are presented along with an experimental comparison of garnet and lithium ferrite materials. A 3-bit phase shifter with lithium ferrite material which is approximately half the price of garnet material had a measured loss of 0.4 dB and a peak power handling of 4.5 kW.


Abstract : This project sought to examine and improve the reliability of the scoring systems for three instruments which have been used in previous Army leadership research. Review of existing literature and interviews with project staff participating in prior research provided initial information concerning the strengths and weaknesses of the scoring systems for the three instruments. This information was used to recommend modifications to the original scoring systems. Six individuals were trained to use the modified scoring systems. The modified scoring systems were evaluated by rescoring responses randomly selected from the sample which had been scored according to the scoring systems originally developed for the leadership research program. Reliability estimates for the three modified scoring systems were consistently strong and showed improvements over those obtained through the original scoring systems. Interrater agreement indices were significant for nearly all ratings. Validity estimates provided evidence that each modified instrument was moderately to highly correlated with conceptually similar scores generated through the original scoring scheme. The report recommends use of the revised rating systems in future research to improve the quality of measurement from the three predictors.


Luminescent thermometry (LT) is a technique that enables contactless temperature determination based on temperature dependent luminescence of phosphors. Among different LTs that have been described...


The methodology for calculating the parameters of rolling deformation during the calibration of rolls for rolling wire rod on graded modern continuous mills has been developed, taking into account the balance of the forces in the deformation zone and the longitudinal stability of the process. It provides coordination of geometric, kinematic and force parameters in the deformation zones of the rolling mill itself and the wire block. The results of the test calculations are quite close to the real data of the rolling the round bar and a wire rod with a diameter of 8 mm on a mill 400/200 of PJSC "KAMET-STEEL". At the same time, the broadening of the metal is determined analytically in accordance with the physical conditions of the balance forces and constancy of the seconds' volumes of the metal in the zones of deformation. The shape of the ovals obtained by the provided method is more convex. The system influence of metal friction conditions in the rolls on the longitudinal stability of rolling and the stability of the process was established.


An anchoring clip assembly is configured to securely anchor to a structure. The assembly may include a main body (12), a plurality of anchoring members (16) extending from the main body (12), wherein the plurality of anchoring members (16) are configured to securely anchor to the structure, and at least one verification member (70) configured to provide verification when the plurality of anchoring members are securely anchored to the structure. The verification member(s) may provide visual verification when the plurality of anchoring members are securely anchored to the structure, and/or may include at least one separable portion that is configured to separate from the main body after the plurality of anchoring members are securely anchored to the structure.


Invasive fungal infection(IFI) is becoming increasingly important issue in pediatrics and pediatric intensive care unit. IFI often occurs in newborns and children with immune dysfunction. Candida and Aspergillus spp. are the most commonly isolated organisms. Early diagnosis can improve the prognosis of IFI. The 1,3-β-D-glucan(G)test,galatomannan antigen(GM)test and PCR test can aid earlier dignosis for IFI in high-risk children.

Key words:
Invasive fungal infection;  Epidemiology;  Laboratory diagnosis;  Children


Recently, the distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurement, which utilizes an optical fiber itself as a sensor, becomes popular for various fields and is being applied to seismic observations. The shortest spatial sampling of DAS observations reaches a few meters, and the total measurement distance becomes greater than 50 km. A high temporal sampling rate is achieved. Due to these characteristics, a DAS measurement allows for a dense seismic observation as a linear array. Applying a DAS measurement to the seafloor cable is advantageous because the quantity of data can be significantly increased in a marine area. A seafloor seismic tsunami observation cable system using an optical fiber for data transmission was deployed off Sanriku by the Earthquake Research Institute, the University of Tokyo in 1996. This seafloor cable observation system has spare fibers for extension. Beginning in February 2019, we made several DAS observations using the spare fibers of the seafloor system. Consequently, many earthquakes were recorded. Small earthquakes with a magnitude of 1.8 occurring near the cable system were recorded by the DAS system. The arrivals of P- and S-waves of the earthquake with a magnitude of 3 were clearly seen using the phase data from the DAS measurement. In addition, a teleseismic event with an epicentral distance of approximately 2,300 km and a magnitude of 6.6 was clearly observed. Because there are conventional seismometers in the Sanriku cable system, we compared records from the DAS measurement with those from the seismometer. The DAS records and the data by the seismometer showed a high coherency. The noise levels of the DAS measurement were evaluated, and there was little temporal variation of the noise levels. A spatial variation of ambient seismic noises was revealed using a spatially high-density observation with a long distance. In November 2020, a seismic survey using the DAS system and airguns was carried out, and the DAS system clearly recorded signals from the airguns. We also compared these data from the DAS system with that of the seismometer. Both records had the same characteristics, although P-wave arrivals on the DAS records have smaller amplitude.


This cross-sectional study investigates the association of factors among people who use drugs in rural communities with HIV transmission–associated behaviors.


In this research, shot-blaster apparatus is intended mechanical milling apparatus by using air blast shot peening method. Normally, Alumina or abrasive powder is used as media particle to clean the product surface in the shot-blaster apparatus. In this paper, SUS304L stainless steel powders, the most widely used austenite stainless steel, were intended as shot-blaster media. This SUS304L powder media hit the tungsten carbide by high pressure from air compressor so that is deformed severely. The SUS304L compact was made by spark plasma sintering process. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the SUS304L compacts compared with the conventional compacts prepared using initial powders. The SUS304L powders have plastic deformation on the particle surface after shot-blasting. The deformed powders fractions are increased with increasing shot-blasting time. However, deformed powders fractions are stable at about 70 to 75% after 18 ks of shot-blasting time. The bimodal structure of SUS304L compacts can produced by shot-blasting process because small grain areas are observed in the sintered compact prepared from shot-blasted powders. The tensile results reveal that the SUS304L compacts made by shot-blasted powders exhibit high strength and especially high ductility compared with the conventional SUS304L compact.


In this paper,ethanol-water clusters ethanol-(water)n(n = 1~3) have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,2p)//B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level.The computed properties characterizing ethanol-(water)n(n = 1~3) clusters include optimal structures,structural parameters,hydrogen bonds,binding energies,and so on.Results show that the most stable structure of ethanol-water heterodimers has the ethanol as the proton acceptor and water as the proton donor,and that the cyclic geometric pattern,where all the molecules are proton acceptor and proton donor at the same time,are the most stable configurations for ethanol-water heterotrimer and heterotetramer,and that the stability of clusters is gradually reinforcing with the of the number of water molecules n.


The slot antenna has been utilized for some recent notebook computers on the market. The FR4 substrates are usually required to print the metal patterns for coupled-feeding the 2.4 GHz (2400–2484 MHz) slot and also for contributing the 5.2 GHz (5150–5350 MHz) and 5.8 GHz (5725–5825 MHz) bands. This communication presents a simple, direct-fed slot antenna with a low profile of 7 mm to the top edge of the metal cover for 2.4-/5.2-/5.8-GHz WLAN operation. The antenna design did not require any substrate and can be implemented directly in the metal cover of a notebook computer at low cost. The design comprised two parallel-connected, 0.5-wavelength-slot portions, formed in a linear structure of length 79 mm and constant width 2 mm, and fed by a common antenna feed port using a mini-coaxial cable. The larger slot generated a 0.5-wavelength resonant mode in the 2.4-GHz band and a 1-wavelength mode for 5.2-GHz operation. The smaller slot operated in a 0.5-wavelength resonant mode, which covered the 5.8-GHz band. With a matching inductor properly set in the slot, good input impedance over the 2.4-, 5.2-, and 5.8-GHz bands can be attained.


A 3-D finite element model of board level BGA package was built and the Input-G method was used to analyze dynamic solder joint stress in the package during drop/impact.Boundary condition,bolt effects of the test board and peeling stress mechanism were emphasized in current investigation.An equivalent static model that can evaluate stress quickly was proposed.The results show that bolt constraints have a significant influence on the dynamic stress in solder joints.The bolt constraints must be treated as zero horizontal dis- placement in the area the bolt acted in the numerical model.The stress in the solder joint reaches its peak at 0.4ms and the maximum peeling stress is located at the most outer corner of the package.The peeling stress is dominated by the deflection of the PCB board.The equivalent static model predicts the same stress distribu- tion in the package but overestimates the stress about 23%.


Bakasang laor is one of the traditional fermented fishery products in Maluku, Indonesia. There are two types of  bakasang laor , i.e. with and without vinegar. The microbiological research of bakasang processed use laor as raw material  has never been done before. The research aimed to analyze the microbiological quality and proximate composition of two types of bakasang laor .  The proximate composition can determine the nutritional value of  this product for consumption by the community. The sample of bakasang laor was taken from traditional producer in Latuhalat village, Ambon. The total number of halotolerant and coliform bacteria  in bakasang laor without vinegar were 1.7x10 6 CFU/g and 4.1x10 6 CFU/g, respectively, while the total of lactic acid bacteria in bakasang laor with vinegar was 6.0x10 6 CFU/g.  The carbohydrate, protein, fat and ash contents of bakasang laor with vinegar was higher than bakasang laor without vinegar. The carbohydrate, protein and fat contents of bakasang laor with vinegar were 19.64 %, 16.23 %, and 2.42 %, respectively. Generally, microbiological quality and proximate composition  of  bakasang laor with vinegar was better than bakasang laor without  vinegar. The bacteria that play a role in fermentation can be used as a starter in the fermentation of various food products.  The results of this research to improve the quality of this fermentation product in the future.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of 32P application and interventional therapy in skin hemangioma, and to sum up the role of nursing in the process of the treatment. Methods 734 cases of skin hemangiorna were involved in the study. Personalized treatment strategy and nursing measures were implemented according to different kinds of skin hernangioma, 32p application device was made with the dose of 1 Gy per square centimeter every day, and the total dose of interventional therapy was from 6.8μCi to 10.0μCi per square centimeter according to the site of lesions and the patients' age. The treatment interva] was about one and a haft month or two months. The specific nursing measures were as follows: effective communication should be undertaken to remove the concerns of patients before therapy. Meanwhile, the lesions should be taken a picture by a digital camera before and after therapy. Thus, the effect could be evaluated objectively. In addition, the follow-up by telephone also was done in the study. Results the cure rate and the effective rate of 32P in the treatment of skin hemangioma were 78.88% and 94.14% respectively.The treatment effect was the best in hemangioma simplex among different kinds of skin hemangioma. The treatment effect had a negative correlation with the age of the patients. Selective nursing reduced incidence of complication. Conclusions There's a satisfactory effect of 32p application and interventional therapy in the treatment of skin hemangioma. Meanwhile, nursing plays an important role in the treatment.

Key words:
Skin hemangioma;  32P application;  Interventional therapy;  Nursing


The effect of edible coatings on the preservation of the Minimally Processed (MP) Royal Gala apples under refrigerated storage for 13 days was studied. The treatments were: the control solution, preserving solution (1% of acid ascorbic; 0,5% of citric acid; 0,7% of NaCl; 0,25% of CaCl 2 ), manioc starch (3%), and sodium alginate (2%) with CaCl 2 . The preserving solution decreased the respiratory and the ethylene production rate and showed a lighter pulp. The coatings decreased the respiratory rate by 38% and the ethylene production by 50%. The alginate was the most efficient, and it presented a better retention of moisture up to the 9th day of storage. The control presented less firmness at during storage, but the other treatments presented the opposite. Apples with alginate presented less acidity and a darker coloration because of the pH and the coloration of the filmogenic solution.


Based on the analysis of different descriptions of "eat" in Chinese contemporary literature,this article try to grasp the potential meanings behind those "eat",meanwhile to establish a new perspective to understand Chinese contemporary literature.


Conformal Galilei algebras (CGAs) labeled by d, l (where d is the number of space dimensions and l denotes a spin-l representation w.r.t. the 𝔰𝔩(2) subalgebra) admit two types of central extensions, the ordinary one (for any d and half-integer l) and the exotic central extension which only exists for d = 2 and l ∈ ℕ. For both types of central extensions, invariant second-order partial differential equations (PDEs) with continuous spectrum were constructed by Aizawa et al. [J. Phys. A 46, 405204 (2013)]. It was later proved by Aizawa et al. [J. Math. Phys. 3, 031701 (2015)] that the ordinary central extensions also lead to oscillator-like PDEs with discrete spectrum. We close in this paper the existing gap, constructing a new class of second-order invariant PDEs for the exotic centrally extended CGAs; they admit a discrete and bounded spectrum when applied to a lowest weight representation. These PDEs are markedly different with respect to their ordinary counterparts. The l = 1 case (which is the prototype...


We first derive a variety of local error estimates for u - uh at a point x0, where uh belongs to a finite element space Shr and is an approximation to u satisfying the local equations $A(u-u_h,\varphi) = F(\varphi)$ for all $\varphi$ in Shr with compact support in a neighborhood of x0. Here the $A(\cdot,\cdot)$ are bilinear forms associated with second order elliptic equations and the F are linear functionals. In the case that $F \equiv 0$ our results coincide with those of Schatz [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 38 (2000), pp. 1269--1293] but are improvements when $F \neq 0$. We apply these results to improve the superconvergence error estimates obtained by Schatz, Sloan, and Wahlbin [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 33 (1996), pp. 505--521] at points x0 where the subspaces are symmetric with respect to x0.


Purpose:  To study referrals of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) for laser capsulotomy by optometrists and compare direct referral with that via the general practitioner (GP).


In this study,the author investigate the relationship of firm performance, leverage, firm size, and firm growth on the agency cost. In the company's life, there are several holders an important role in the company itself. Agency theory explains that there are two parties to a company, the agent and principal.Researcher use firm performance, leverage, firm size, and firm growth as the independent variables. Researcher use the operational expenses ratio as proxy of agency cost. The high firm performance, expected to leads the lower agency cost.Researcher use the 19 listed trading firm on Indonesia, 26 listed trading firm on Malaysia, and 29 listed trading firm on Thailand. The empirical result show varying effect on agency cost in those three countries. The result of research depends on the characteristics of each country

Keywords: Agency Cost, firm performace, leverage, firm size, firm growth


We report on the theory and simulations of edge-localized-modes (ELMs) using a gyro-Landau-fluid (GLF) extension of the BOUT++ code. Consistent with the two-fluid model (including 1st order FLR corrections), large ELMs, which are lowto-intermediate toroidal mode number (n) peeling-ballooning (P-B) modes, are suppressed by finite Larmor radius (FLR) effects as the ion temperature increases, while small ELMs (at intermediate n's) remain unstable. This result is good news for high ion temperatures in ITER due to the large stabilizing effects of FLR. Because the FLR effects are proportional to both Ti and n, the maximum growth rate is inversely proportional to Ti and the P-B mode is stabilized at high n. Nonlinear gyro-fluid simulations show results similar to those from the two-fluid model, namely that the P-B modes trigger magnetic reconnection, which drives the collapse of the pedestal pressure. Hyper-resistivity limits the radial spreading of ELMs by facilitating magnetic reconnection. The gyro-fluid ion model further limits the radial spreading of ELMs due to FLR-corrected nonlinear ExB convection of the ion gyro-center density. A gyro-fluid ETG model is being developed to self-consistently calculate the hyper-resistivity. Zonal magnetic fields arise from an ELM event and finite beta drift-wave turbulence when electron inertia effects are included. These lead to current generation and self-consistent current transport as a result of ExB convection in the generalized Ohm's law. Because edge plasmas have significant spatial inhomogeneities and complicated boundary conditions, we have developed a fast non-Fourier method for the computation of Landau-fluid closure terms based on an accurate and tunable approximation. The accuracy and the fast computational scaling of the method are demonstrated.


A leading-edge generation of 700 V SiC MOSFETs is benchmarked against commercial silicon (Si) super-junction (SJ) MOSFETs. We report a specific RDS, ON of 3.1 m Ω. cm2, three times lower than for state-of-the-art Si SJ MOSFETs. For the same function in the circuit, SiC MOSFETs compare very favorably against Si SJ MOSFETs, with better DC, switching parameters and ruggedness. These new SiC devices are qualified based on stringent standards. They are also highly rugged both for avalanche and short-circuit. The avalanche energy of Microchip's SiC MOSFETs is outstanding at 25.2 J.cm−2. As the cost of SiC dies keeps decreasing, we expect the SiC MOSFETs to become the device of choice for industrial applications at the 700 V node.


This paper describes a new method of reducing the size of the metal features made by electroless deposition, and a new method to fabricate complex shaped, patterned surfaces. Microcontact printing ({mu}CP) was used to pattern oriented glassy polymers with tetraoctadecylammonium bromide stabilized palladium colloids that serve as catalysts for the selective electroless deposition of copper. Annealing of the activated polymer at a temperature slightly above its glass transition temperature led to a shrinkage of the substrate. Immersion of the shrunken substrate in the plating bath yielded the metal features. The maximum shrinkage of the feature size achieved was in the order of a factor of {approximately}4 in one direction of the oriented polymer and of {approximately}7 in the perpendicular direction. Control of the extent and direction of shrinkage allowed the fabrication of metal features with sizes and shapes different from those on the PDMS stamp used for the patterning of the substrate and from the draw ratios. Free standing metal structures were produced by dissolving the substrate after the metal film had reached the desired thickness. Complex shaped, patterned surfaces could be fabricated by wrapping the activated polymer film around a scaffolding; during the annealing, the polymer adapted the shapemore » of the underlying scaffolding. Metallization of the activated, shaped substrate resulted in patterned three dimensional structures.« less


During the late 1890s and early 1900s, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor (1875-1912) was a popular and important British composer. Respected by his contemporaries, such as Sir Arthur Sullivan, Sir Edward Elgar, Gustav Holst, and Ralph Vaughan Williams, he attracted the attention of the British music critics who followed his career with curious interest and often placed him in a class with other noted composers. A prolific composer during his short lifetime, he received great public acclaim and became known both nationally and internationally. Born of a West African doctor and a British mother, Coleridge-Taylor belonged to two decidedly different cultures. Therefore, his compositional style was affected by two underlying currents: the classical tradition that dominated his training at the Royal College of Music, and the Negro folk music that was introduced to him through contacts with members of his father's race. This volume traces the development of his compostional style, from his final years at the Royal College of Music, to the time of his death in 1912. The author uses examples from selected works to show the influence of classical procedures, West African and African-American elements, and English poetical dramas.


Library culture is closely linked to the construction of characteristic local college culture.This paper analyzes the connotations and functions of the library culture,and probes into the approaches and innovative construction of characteristic local college library culture in the information environment.


When a person identifies himself as a Hindu, what does this identification precisely mean? In the past two decades, certain scholars have claimed that it means very little historically and have challenged the view that the entity that we today refer to as Hinduism existed before the eighteenth century. Rather, they write, it was the Indian encounter with European colonialism and Christian missions that led to the casting of numerous diverse sects into one unified religion in the Abrahamic mould, and the product was what we today call Hinduism and imagine to be at least three millennia old. To this debate, Andrew Nicholson's contribution is the thesis that unified Hinduism has its roots not in the eighteenth century, but in the twelfth century, reaching its most important formulation in the sixteenth, and its initial catalyst was not the incursion of modern Europe but that of medieval Islam. During this period, mutually opposed strands of Indian philosophy were brought together to create doxographies – classifications of philosophical schools – where Vedānta was posed as representative of almost the entire Indian philosophical tradition and inclusive of other schools of philosophy. These medieval classifications were precursors to the modern notion of Hinduism. After an introduction to current debates on Hinduism in Chapter 1, Chapters 2 and 3 trace the development of Vedānta philosophy, focusing on the sixteenth-century philosopher Vijñānabhiks.u, whose version of the Bhedābheda Vedānta is explained at great length. Chapter 4 is an excursion into the history of Sām. khya, presenting strong arguments against two widespread notions: first, that Sām. khya is a predominantly atheistic school and second, that Sām. khya and Yoga were considered two distinct schools before the sixteenth century. Both these chapters, along with Chapter 6 on Vijñānabhiks.u's writings on Yoga, are valuable independent pieces in themselves, but go into far too many details to merge well with the larger thesis that this book presents. Chapter 5, conversely, is central to this thesis. It takes the reader through the methods Vijñānabhiks.u uses to frame the Indian philosophical schools in a hierarchy. This method is seen most clearly in Vijñānabhiks.u's commentary on the Sām. khyasūtras, which are a central text for the Sām. khya tradition and which explicitly deny the existence of Īśvara ('lord' or 'God'). Being a Vedāntin, Vijñānabhiks.u does believe in Īśvara. At the same time, he considers Sām. khya a valid school of philosophy. Vijñānabhiks.u explains this apparent inconsistency by asserting that Sām. khya specializes in a particular philosophical domain – that of the discrimination of the self from the material world, purus. a from prakr. ti – a domain in which Īśvara is not a relevant topic. One may add that Vijñānabhiks.u's theory is an elaboration of a Weltanschauung that is characteristic of Indian religion from its earliest phases rather than being an innovation. The word usually translated as 'school' or 'system' of philosophy is darśana, more precisely meaning 'view'. Two views may be different from each other not because one is


This paper aims at investigating (1) whether young Thai adults can distinguish between straight male and
 gay-sounding speech and (2) how listeners feel about speech sounds performed by Thai straight and gay speakers in varying
 situations in terms of likeability and annoyance. Two experiments were conducted: first, straight males, gay males and females
 listened to voice stimuli of self-identified straight males and gay males and were asked to identify the sexual orientation of the
 speakers; second, another three groups of listeners were asked to rate the speakers' levels of likeability and annoyance using a
 5-point Likert scale. The findings indicate that there exist voice characteristics of gay- as opposed to straight-male sounding
 speech. Regarding the listeners' perception in relation to speech style in four varying situations, the results indicate that
 listeners' perception is not affected by situations in which the speech is delivered.


Bimetallic CuAg@g-C3N4 catalyst system has been designed and synthesized by impregnating copper and silver nanoparticles over the graphitic carbon nitride surface. Its application has been demonstrated in the hydroxylation of benzene under visible light.


A liquid ion exchanger membrane electrode responding preferentially to large onium ions is described. Selectivities of the sensor for different cations vary by factors of up to 1014 and the selectivity constants correlate closely with the corresponding exchange constants of the extracation system involved. For most cations the electrode shows theoretical response at activities >10−6M and has a life time of at least 4 months.


Correction for 'The pH effect on the detection of heavy metals in wastewater by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy coupled with a phase transformation method' by Shixiang Ma et al., J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2020, 35, 198–203, DOI: 10.1039/C9JA00349E.


Antimicrobial resistance is considered by WHO as one of the most important threats to public health in the twenty-first century. According to forecasts, by 2025, many first-line antimicrobials will lose their effectiveness and the «post-antibiotic era» will begin. Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. and representatives of the genus Mycobacterium are classified by the American Society of Infectious Diseases as microorganisms that play a predominant role in the development of infections associated with medical care and leading to fatal consequences. The review highlights the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and many variants of microbial resistance to antibiotics. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the formation of resistance of microorganisms allows us to develop strategic directions for overcoming it. The search for new ways to prevent and overcome the formation of resistance of pathogens to antibiotics is an extremely important task of modern medical science. The effectiveness of hybrid antibiotics associated with chemical compounds with various specific effects is presented. The use of the main active factor of the bacterial virus, endolysin, both in its pure form and as part of homodimers, for example, lysoprotein, which is a complex of endolysin with human immunoglobulins, is considered promising. Phage therapy of the future is a personalized phage therapy that requires the creation of a library or bank of phages.


A static memory based on negative differential conductance (NDC) in silicon single-electron transistors is proposed. We fabricate a room-temperature (RT) operating single-hole transistor (SHT) in the form of an ultranarrow wire channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and observe clear NDC due to large quantum level spacing of an ultrasmall dot at RT. By serially connecting an SHT showing NDC and a p-type MOSFET acting as a load on a single chip, gate-controllable memory operation is demonstrated at the supply voltage of 0.2V at RT. The proposed memory features high compatibility with the existing very-large-scale integrated circuits, compact size, low-voltage, and tunable operation.


This paper concerns an inverse elastic scattering problem which is to determine a rigid obstacle from time domain scattered field data for a single incident plane wave. By using the Helmholtz decomposition, we reduce the initial-boundary value problem for the time domain Navier equation to a coupled initial-boundary value problem for wave equations, and prove the uniqueness of the solution for the coupled problem by employing the energy method. The retarded single layer potential is introduced to establish a set of coupled boundary integral equations, and uniqueness is discussed for the solution of these boundary integral equations. Based on the convolution quadrature method for time discretization, the coupled boundary integral equations are reformulated into a system of boundary integral equations in the s-domain, and then a convolution quadrature based nonlinear integral equation method is proposed for the inverse problem. Numerical experiments are presented to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.


Introduction Today, semiconductor technologies are focused on making electronic devices smaller with more sensitive in a specific application in mind. The semiconductor substrate is one of the most important parts of a molecular sensitive device. Basically, semiconductors are used to sense and transfer or carry signals. What is needed to improve the ability of devices is making the semiconductor more sensitive to the specific target. One way to accomplish this is to modify the surface of the semiconductor. By taking advantage of organic and inorganic material properties, semiconductor technologies have advanced significantly. By applying different organic molecules at the semiconductor surface the properties of the semiconductor could be changed.


Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are widespread through the world and are the second most common cause of disability in work setting. There are many method used to analyse MSDs to know the reality situation and affacted to the employess The review is to compare in terms of design, methodology, approach and identify the equipment and method used from the previous researchers that have many advantages dan disadvantage of the method to come out the best suggestion of equipment and method proper to used and improvement that should be do for the future researchers. The relevant literature was obtained from the following strategy. Kerwords were idenfied after a scoping study into the some types of MSDs analysis by focusing on the equipment and method. A number of articles between 2010-2021 were extracted from Google Scholar database using keywords of "musculoskeletal disorders analysis", "ergonomics analysis" and " MSD identification". The study found that most of the method in MSD more focus on the Questionnare as the Method of data in analysis for MSD. However, it is more to after injuries of MSDs happened, but not focusing on method to avoid the MSD form happed. Thus, this paper provide the suggestion preventive strategies for the futures researcher to go futher in MSD to tackle the improvement before real MSDs happedned.


How to prevent malignant bid in highway construction is a new problem at the present time,censor the ingress condition strictly,analyse the cost in reason,enhance the level of drawing up the highway engineering budget and eliminate unfair quoted price,this paper brings forward the way how to prevent malignant bid in highway construction,in order to ensure smooth implementation of highway engineering.


Two global data assimilation experiments are perfomred with the goal of a better understanding of sea level rise. In both cases satellite altimetry referenced to a GRACE geoid is assimilated together with a set of oceanographic data. The experiments differ in the treatment of the Weddell Sea. In the first case climatological hydrography is used for assimilation while in the second experiment hydrographic lines derived from a detailed shelf-ice/sea-ice/ocean model are used in addition.


Multi-channel dynamic matrix sound system (DMS) is a multi-channel input and output sound system which is based on source synthesis and Huygens' principle. The sound is recorded by microphone array and multi-channel independent records. Traditional stereo and wave front synthesis system based on Huygens' principle have very limited listening areas. The reproduced sound cannot be perfect unless infinite secondary sources are used. In DMS, the combination of source synthesis with field thesis can significantly improve the sound quality in the listening area. Source synthesis can also reduce the number of secondary source and still preserve the sound quality. In this paper, we conduct subjective evaluation experiments of DMS and the conventional stereo, including the comparison of the listening position, subjective auditory perception with different DMS configurations. The experiment proofs that properly configured DMS can achieve significant improvement over conventional stereo and wave synthesis system.


The USS "Monitor" battled the CSS "Virginia" at Hampton Roads in April, 1862. This text explores how mariners - fighting "blindly" beneath the waterline - lived and coped with the metal monster they called "the iron coffin". Combining technical, personal, administrative and literay analysis, David Mindell examines the experience of the men aboard the "Monitor" and their reactions to the thrills and dangers that accompanied the new machine. The invention surrounded men with iron and threatened their heroism, their self-image as warriors, even their lives. Mindell also examines responses to this strange new warship by Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville, who prophetically saw in the Civil War a portent of the mechanized warfare of the future. The story of the "Monitor" shows how technology changes not only the tools but also the very experience of combat, generating effects that are still felt in the modern-day era of "smart bombs" and "push-button wars".