A subsampled two-stage switched-capacitor (SC) narrowband bandpass decimator is proposed to simultaneously implement the functions of frequency downconversion and narrowband filtering. In order to downconvert a 25 kHz bandwidth signal from 21.4 MHz down to 455 KHz, as required in many radio receivers, the proposed structure comprises a multinotch FIR decimator section followed by a 6th order bandpass IIR decimator section. Since no external components are required, the proposed structure is adequate for co-integration with baseband digitization and signal processing circuitry in CMOS technology.


The historical materials of imperial examinations on Song people's notes were from Tang,Wudai and Song dynasties.The materials of Song Dynasty were more colourful than those of Tang and Wudai.According to historical materials, Tang's materials came from the ancient books and stone tablets of Tang and Wudai. Song's materies came from the writers experience and talks among friends, fathers and brothers.Though these materies appeared repeatly,they can be identified and corrected each other.


A Hardtop vehicle roof with at least two roof parts is to be moved between a vehicle interior covering closed position and an open-top position in which the roof parts are stored in a situated behind the vehicle interior storage space. DOLLAR A The vehicle roof is longitudinally divided, wherein the roof parts are divided in two in the closed position along a longitudinal axis of separation, which lies in a plane with the longitudinal vehicle axis.


One kind of reference voltage generating circuit, comprising: a first current mirror circuit having a first conductivity type first to the third transistor, a second current mirror circuit comprises a second conductivity type fourth and fifth transistors, a voltage control section for controlling the third transistor and the source of the first output side of the first current mirror circuit - drain voltage remains within a specific range. A first voltage control circuit comprises a first control section structure similar to the current mirror circuit, and a second control part similar structure of the second current mirror circuit, are connected in the first current mirror and a second current mirror circuit between a circuit connected in series with the respective transistors. Then when the potential of the reference voltage generating circuit changes the voltage source, still obtain a stable output voltage.


Based on expounding the difficult points of the control of the AC drive system,this paper summarizes the application of the genetic algorithm and the genetic algorithm combining with other control strategies in the AC drive system,and pus forward some problems existing in this control strategy and the improving direction.


Phased array radar technology has great potential in meteorology and is attracting a growing interest. For example, it could enable more rapid scanning of weather phenomenon than traditional reflector radars. However, such phased array systems should also support dual-polarization. Dual-polarimetric weather measurements provide superior hydrometeor identification and are now being adopted by many weather radar networks.


Studies the problem of object recognition by considering it in the context of an agent operating in an environment, where the agent's intentions translate into a set of behaviors. In this context, an object can fulfil a function; if the agent recognizes this, it has in effect recognized the object. To perform this type of recognition one needs on one hand a definition of the desired function, and on the other the means of determining whether the object can fulfil that function. To illustrate this approach the authors describe the visual recognition abilities that might be needed by an autonomous cleaning robot.<<ETX>>


The main purpose of the present work was to develop matrix tablets of Glimepiride with Datura stramonium leaves mucilage and Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone and to study its functionality as a matrix forming agent for sustained release tablet formulations. Mucilage from Datura stramonium leaves was extracted, isolated, purified and characterized. Physicochemical properties of the dried powdered mucilage of Datura stramonium leaves were studied. Various formulations of Glimepiride Datura stramonium leave mucilage and Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone were prepared. The formulated tablets were tested for mechanical properties, friability, swelling behavior, in vitro drug release pattern and the dissolution data was treated with mathematical modeling and the optimized formulation was tested for accelerated stability studies. The formulated tablets were found to have good mechanical properties, good swelling properties. The in vitro dissolution data was perfectly fitting to zero order and the release of drug from the formulation followed Higuchi's release. The accelerated stability studies revealed that the tablets retain their characteristics even after stressed storage conditions. From this study it was concluded that the dried Datura stramonium leaves mucilage and Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone combination can be used as a matrix forming material for making sustained release matrix tablets. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6044 KUSET 2012; 8(1): 63-72


The vast majority of the almost 2 million adopted children in the United States remain with their adoptive family throughout their life. For an estimated 1% to 25% of adopted children, adoption ends in dissolution or disruption. This article provides an overview of the A Step Further (ASF) program as experienced by two adoptive families that were at risk of dissolution. The ASF program is an intensive educational and supportive program that provides services to help adopted children and their families remain together through challenging times. A case study design is utilized and describes case characteristics; utilization of the ASF program; staff characteristics and training; and a summary of the interventions, support services, and materials provided for families enrolled in ASF services. Cases presented reported substantial progress on parent-identified personal goals and clinically significant improvements in child behavior problems at conclusion of the program. At 1-year post ASF services, parents reported that the child of focus remained with his adoptive family. Preliminary evidence suggests that ASF is targeting families at risk of dissolution and having a high level of success at keeping adoptive and guardianship families intact. Limitations and implications for clinicians and students are discussed.


A water sample detection method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a water sample detector (20). The method comprises the following steps: flying to a detection site (S101); acquiring the depth of a water sample to be detected, the depth of the water sample to be detected being sent to a portable electronic device or being a preset default value (S102); calculating the distance the water sample detector is to descend according to the distance from the unmanned aerial vehicle to the water level and the depth of the water sample to be detected (S103); and controlling the water sample detector to descend to the predetermined depth, detecting the water sample by the water sample detector, and sending the detection result to a ground station or the portable electronic device (S104). The detection has low costs and saves time and labor.


The continuous anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emission into the atmosphere in the past decades with its associated global climate changes and other environmental disasters has received substantial attention worldwide. Other greenhouse gases (GHG) such as methane are likewise emitted but research findings indicated CO2 as the major pollutant, requiring urgent attention to combat climate change. Thus mitigating the climate change through reduction of CO2 emission constitutes a technological and scientific challenge [1]. However, numerous technologies (absorption, adsorption and membrane technology) for CO2 capture from power plants have been proposed and evaluated. Presently, the most advance and mature technique for CO2 capture is absorption technology using monoethanolamine (MEA), but this technology is considered cost and energy inefficient and the amine solvent (monoethanolamine) possesses low stability at elevated temperature [1]. The development of superior and advance materials with considerable lower energy and cost penalty is essential. Therefore one of the promising candidate is membrane technology and zeolite based membrane systems prove to handy and useful than the traditional processes [2] . Zeolite membranes have found tremendous uses in the industry for separation and purification application. For instance, hydroxy sodalite (SOD membranes are known to possess high chemical and thermal stability up to 450oC) [3]. However, commercial applications of zeolite based membranes are hampered by high cost of support and poor reproducibility. Moreover, zeolite membrane with zeolite coating on the support (i.e. thin-film supported zeolite membranes) are susceptible to abrasion and thermal shock at high temperature due to temperature mismatch caused by difference in thermal expansion of the zeolite material and the support, making them to lose selectivity very fast. On the contrary, nanocomposite architecture membranes obtained via pore-plugging hydrothermal synthesis protocol are more thermally stable and membrane defects are controlled [4, 5]. In this work, a nanocomposite architecture hydroxy sodalite membrane with zeolite crystals embedded within an α-alumina tube was synthesized using the pore-plugging hydrothermal synthesis technique and characterized. The as-prepared membrane was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results obtained from these characterization techniques reveal that sodalite crystals were indeed grown within the porous structures of the support. In addition, the XRD analysis reveals the formation of sodalite crystals within the support. In addition, Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) confirmed structural information such as particle size, shape and internal structure of SOD crystals. Since the average cage dimension of hydroxy sodalite is 0.265 nm, similar to the molecular size of an H2 (0.27 nm), the successfully synthesized membrane will be evaluated for removal of H2 from H2/CO2 mixture, a mixture that is obtained from pre-combustion after gasification in an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) during power generation.


A principal goal of marketing educators is to prepare students to be successful in their future careers. The marketing education community is beginning to recognize the importance of information literacy as an important component of job readiness. We present details of a content analysis that describes the amount and scope of marketing coverage provided in two business periodicals. Our second study examines how students use business publications and assesses students' perceptions of their usefulness in enhancing information literacy. The results suggest that some business periodicals provide considerable marketing content; however, many students do not voluntarily take advantage of these resources.


Carotid artery dissection, which accounts for up to 20% of strokes in young patients, usually extends distally and leads to acute stenosis, occlusion and aneurysmal changes with increased risk for thromboembolic events, especially in young people.


The present invention relates to a decorative tape, a manufacturing method thereof, and a decorative cover comprising the same and, more specifically, to a decorative tape comprising: a print layer; a base film layer on the print layer; a nickel deposition layer on the base film layer; and a decompressed adhesion layer on the nickel deposition layer, to a manufacturing method thereof, and to a decorative cover comprising the same. The decorative tape of the present invention can be attached on the outside of home appliances such as a refrigerator, an air conditioner, etc.


The aim of this dissertation is to discuss the poetical writing and three basic themes in the poetry of Karin Boye (1900-1941). It deals with the five collections of poetry she wrote: Clouds (1922) ...


New light sources that have become available on the market will be reviewed for their enabling capabilities for nonlinear optical microscopy, specifically for deep tissue imaging.


The methods and mechanisms of nonsolvent induced phase separation have been studied for more than fifty years. Today, phase inversion membranes are widely used in numerous chemical industries, biotechnology, and environmental separation processes. The body of knowledge has grown exponentially in the past fifty years, which suggests the need for a critical review of the literature. Here we present a review of nonsolvent induced phase separation membrane preparation and characterization for many commonly used membrane polymers. The key factors in membrane preparation discussed include the solvent type, polymer type and concentration, nonsolvent system type and composition, additives to the polymer solution, and film casting conditions. A brief introduction to membrane characterization is also given, which includes membrane porosity and pore size distribution characterization, membrane physical and chemical properties characterization, and thermodynamic and kinetic evaluation of the phase inversion process. ...


Nature offers a marvel of astonishing and rich deformation behaviors. Yet, most of the objects we fabricate are comparatively rather inexpressive, either rigid or exhibiting simple homogeneous deformations when interacted with. We explore the synthesis and fabrication of novel microstructures that mimic the effects of having oriented rigid fibers in an otherwise flexible material: the result is extremely rigid along a transverse direction while being comparatively very flexible in the locally orthogonal plane. By allowing free gradation of the rigidity direction orientation within the object, the microstructures can be designed such that, under deformation, distances along fibers in the volume are preserved while others freely change. Through a simple painting tool, this allows a designer to influence the way the volume reshapes when deformed, and results in a wide range of novel possibilities. Many gradations are possible: local free orientation of the fibers; local control of the overall material rigidity (structure density); local canceling of the effect of the fibers, obtaining a more isotropic material. Our algorithm to synthesize the structures builds upon procedural texturing. It produces a cellular geometry that can be fabricated reliably despite 3D printing walls at a minimal thickness, allowing prints to be very flexible. The synthesis algorithm is efficient and scales to large volumes.


Background Avascular necrosis (AN) represents a significant problem of modern rheumatology. The highest incidence of this disease is in able-bodied men. The risk of disability among patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is high, especially in case of bilateral process, as AN tends to progress steadily and results in osteoarthritis due to untimely diagnosis. Patients with AN can be affected by other coexistent diseases, that can influence the disease presentation and management. Objectives This study aimed to analyse the prevalence and pattern of comorbidities in patients affected by ANFH and to determine if there is a differential pattern of comorbidities in patients with bilateral and unilateral ANFH. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, comprising 102 adult patients, aged 48,38–58 with a diagnosis of ANFH according to Ficat and Arlet criteria. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical parameters of interest were collected from medical records. In order to characterise the burden of coexisting diseases or conditions Charlson Comorbidity Index was calculated. The data obtained were processed with STATISTICA 10.0 using descriptive and nonparametric statistics. Results Among a total of 102 patients, a significant prevalence of comorbidities (86,27%) was found. 78,85% of all patients suffered from 2 or more coexistent conditions. The most prevalent comorbidities were: cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (53,92%), including hypertension (50,0%) and cardiosclerosis (34,31%), endocrine and metabolic disorders (66,67%), including hypercholesterolemia (65,70%) and obesity (32,35%), diseases of the digestive system (30,39%), dorsopathies (22,55%). The number of comorbidities was associated with age (ρ=0,42, p<0,001) and body mass index (ρ=0,29, p <0,001). In patients with bilateral (n=44), compared with those affected by unilateral ANFH (n=58), prevalence of younger age (43,5 (36–51) vs. 54,43–62 p<0,01) and male gender (odds ratio (OR) 2,99 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1,28–6,99), p<0,05) were detected. A history of (CVD) was more frequent in patients with unilateral ANFH (63,79% vs. 40,91%, OR 3,62 (95%CI 1,67–7,88), p <0,05), as well as hypertension (62,07% vs. 34,09%, OR 3,16 (95%CI 1,40–7,17, p <0,01). Patients with unilateral ANFH were more likely to have higher number of comorbidities (3,801,17–6,43 vs. 2,89 (0,73–5,05)) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (0,72 (0,43–1,47) vs. 0,52 (0,43–1,87)). Conclusions ANFH is associated with high prevalence of comorbidities, especially CVD. CVD, including hypertension, were more likely to be found in patients with unilateral ANFH, as well as higher comorbidity burden. It can be explained by the fact that patients with CVD received treatment according to national guidelines, including antihypertensive drugs, anticoagulants, statins, etc. This indicates that performing secondary prevention of CVD can be important in both CVD and ANFH, as such treatment can influence on intraosseous blood circulation in the contralateral joint. Reference [1] Valderas JM, Starfield B, Sibbald B, Salisbury C, Roland M. Defining comorbidity: implications for understanding health and health services. Ann Fam Med2009;7:357–363. Disclosure of Interest None declared


The aim of the present paper is to present the main theoretical aspect of the long jump trial and some experimental results considering the data recorded during athletes training. The used data were obtained using a video record based on image processing. Using special markers attached on athletes it was obtained the trajectory of the jumpers and some important parameters as horizontal and vertical velocities in the moment of the take-off. There were defined two mathematical function of calculating the length of the jump considering the recorded above velocities.


The expression of leukocytes function antigens is regulated by cytokines. These proteins are necessary for cellular adhesion during the activation of the immune system. Previously, in tumor affected patients, we observed the activation of lymphoid cells (i.e. "hand mirror" shape cells, enzymatic activities associated with cell activation). In the present study the espression of the lymphocyte function antigen (LFA-1) was investigated in patients with malignant glioma. A cytofluorimetric analysis of peripheral blood mononucleated cells labelled with FITC coniugated anti-CD1 l a (anti-LFA-la) antibody was performed. The results were compared with those obtained in a group of healthy subjects. Preliminar results showed a slight increase in LFA-1 positivity in the patients. These data are in agreement with our previous cytological and cytochemical findings that showed an activation of lymphoid cells in patients with malignant gliomas.


As part of a search for a substrate for droplet-based microfluidic screening assay of α-N-acetylgalactosaminidases, spectral and physical characteristics of a series of coumarin derivatives were measured. From among these a new coumarin-based fluorophore, Jericho Blue, was selected as having optimal characteristics for our screen. A reliable method for the challenging synthesis of coumarin glycosides of α-GalNAc was then developed and demonstrated with nine examples. The α-GalNAc glycoside of Jericho Blue prepared in this way was shown to function well under screening conditions.


Objective: To determine the factors responsible for maternal morbidity and mortality in women who underwent an unsafe second-trimester medical abortion so that it would help health professionals to revise abortion policies and practices to reduce it. Method: A retrospective record based data analysis was performed on patients with history of unsafe second-trimester medical abortion carried out at location other than our college hospital, during the period of June 2009 to May 2014. Results: Out of 758 cases of abortion observed, 123 (16.22%) women had undergone an unsafe second-trimester medical abortion and admitted in obstetrics & gynaecology department with complications. Majority of patients were rural, illiterate, from very low socioeconomic background. Most frequent complain for admission was severe bleeding. The most common reason for the termination was unintended pregnancy. Of total 123, 19(15.44%) women sought abortion due to sex preference. Majority of provider were either paramedics or quacks. Complications observed in 86(69.91%) cases. Majority of 101(82.11%) patients required surgical interventions. Of total, 4 (3.25%) patients couldn't survive despite of all resuscitative measures. Conclusion: Abortion right as well as safe abortion service is still a distant dream in rural areas of our state. Declining sex ratio could be an alarming sign which needs immediate attention and action.


New South Wales Home Teaching Society for the Blind, and the Industrial Home for Blind Women - Organisation - Index to the AMA archive - NAME is a biographical, bibliographical and archival database of SUBJECT with links to related articles and images. ADD MORE DESCRIPTION AS REQUIRED


We provide an overview of basic concepts, tools, and results of quantum field theoretical scattering theory. This article is prepared for the second edition of the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics, edited by M. Bojowald and R.J. Szabo, to be published by Elsevier.


The invention provides a health care fruit vinegar. The health care fruit vinegar is prepared by the steps of washing, squeezing, fermenting, ageing, filtering and sterilizing through taking fresh and matured gallnut, ophiopogon root, wheat, liquorice, medlar, sticky rice, honeysuckle and grape seeds as raw materials. The health care fruit vinegar has a certain health care function.


Abstract The linearized mathematical model developed by Allender, Hornreich and Johnson [1987, Phys. Rev. Lett., 59, 2654], for explaining the appearance of the magnetic field induced stripe phase (SP) above the bend Freedericksz threshold in a nematic close to the smectic transition, is generalized to the case of uniform tilt θ1 of the nematic director n 0 away from the homeotropic with the field H acting normal to n 0. Calculations of SP threshold and domain wave vector Q are presented for different elastic ratios and tilts θ1, by exact computation of the ground state homogeneous deformation (HD) under the rigid anchoring hypothesis. Approximate estimates based on energetics, explicitly taking into account the modal symmetry of perturbations, agree well with the results of exact calculations based on the solution of torque equations. For homeotropic alignment (θ1 = 0) calculations predict that the SP domain width should decrease when the sample is heated away from the smectic transition point; at a give...


1 . Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine (L‐NNA) reduced the neurogenic relaxation of precontracted taenia coli only in the absence of atropine. The membrane hyperpolarization associated with the neurogenic relaxation was also reduced by inhibition of NOS only when atropine was absent. 2 . The membrane hyperpolarization associated with the neurogenic relaxation of the taenia coli was inhibited by oxyhaemoglobin only in the absence of atropine. In the presence of atropine, oxyhaemoglobin did not reduce the i.j.p. or nerve‐evoked relaxation. 3 . Inhibition of NOS by L‐NNA did not affect the overflow of [3H]‐ACh in response to electrical field stimulation (EFS), suggesting that, under the conditions of our experiments, endogenous NO did not modulate release of ACh. Sodium nitroprusside also had no effect on the neurogenic overflow of [3H]‐ ACh; however, noradrenaline significantly reduced [3H]‐ACh overflow. 4 . In summary, the postjunctional effects of neurally‐released NO are not apparent in guinea‐pig taenia coli when atropine is present. This implies muscarinic regulation of NO release or muscarinic regulation of another excitatory substance, such as tachykinin(s), that, when blocked, masks the postjunctional effects of NO. These data, together with previous studies, suggest a possible regulatory role for NO in enteric neurotransmission that may be more prominent in some species or tissues than others.


This paper introduces new database system technology called midware and its advantage.An example is given about database middleware application to business pos system.It tells us how to design database middleware system.


In order to study of sound attenuation characteristics of seabed sediment at small scale,an original method for measuring acoustic attenuation of sediment within a small-gap cross section is put forward.There are small disturbances in the sediment samples during the course of measurement by the method.The sound attenuation of seafloor sediment can be measured at two test points;the distance of them is less than one wavelength,which provides a method for finding out how microstructures work in wave attenuation of seabed sediment.Amplitudes of compression wave in sediment columns were measured point by point at the interval less than one wavelength in the study;and it is shown that negative exponential function is a type of acoustic attenuation model for sediment in its full length.Data of wave attenuation of seafloor sediments are mainly obtained by coaxial gap measurement method at present,but the sound attenuation model is not identified by using the method;so it is difficult to establish the relationship of results of wave attenuation of seafloor sediments taken from different sea areas.In this paper,an evaluated R,which result from the ratio of the amplitude inversed by the sound absorption coefficient divided by the ratio of the amplitude inversed by the sound attenuation coefficient(the ratio of two amplitude ratios),is proposed to be an evaluation criterion.After the data analysis of sound attenuation of seabed sediments from the South China Sea,which were obtained with measurement method of sound attenuation between the gap along the vertical axis,it was found that the evaluated R's of sound attenuation from part of the sediment samples were much larger than one and their sound attenuations did not meet the exponential function of negative index.Under the conditions of the exponential function of negative index with which sound attenuation of seabed sediments was satisfied and in comparison with the evaluated R's of sound attenuation of seabed sediments from the South China Sea predicted with Hamilton's empirical formula of sound attenuation and frequency and the ones measured with acoustic probe in our project,it was found that the range of ratios of sound attenuation of seabed sediments from the South China Sea can be predicted by Hamilton's empirical formula of sound attenuation and frequency.The advantage of measurement by the acoustic probe is in both accessing acoustic attenuation data and identifying sound attenuation model of seafloor sediments,and then the relationship of measured sound attenuation of seafloor sediment from different sea areas can be established with their evaluated R's.


A biopolymer, chitosan, was used as a novel substrate for the immobilization of calcium oxide (CaO). CaO immobilized onto chitosan beads was employed as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce biodiesel catalytically, through transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. To obtain a stable immobilized catalyst, the chitosan beads with immobilized CaO were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. Two crosslinking parameters, crosslinking time and glutaraldehyde concentration, were studied to reveal the optimal immobilization conditions, which were 30 min and 0.22 mol L ―1 , respectively. Under those conditions, an immobilized catalyst with a very low degree of CaO leaching could be obtained. The immobilized CaO catalyst obtained was investigated by being used to catalyze the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. The transesterification rate, which was affected by catalyst loading, molar ratio of methanol to oil and temperature, was investigated by using response surface methodology. A maximum reaction rate of 0.6 h ―1 was obtained at 60 °C, methanol to oil molar ratio of 13.4 and catalyst loading of 13.78 wt%. Under these reaction conditions, the equilibrium conversion of soybean oil was 97% after 3 h of reaction time. In addition, the immobilized catalyst could be reused at least five times. This study developed an easy and energy-efficient process for preparing a chitosan-based immobilized CaO catalyst, which is promising for potential applications including biodiesel production.


Based on the values of the Weierstrass elliptic function $\wp(z|\tau)$ at $z=\pi\tau/2$, $(\pi+\pi\tau)/{2}, (\pi+\pi\tau)/{4},(\pi+2\pi\tau)/{4}$ and the theory of modular forms on the arithmetic group $\Gamma_0(2)$, we decompose $\theta_2^{2n}(\tau)$ as sum of Eisenstein series and a cusp forms. Using the recurrence relation of $\wp^{(2n)}(z|\tau)$, we provide an algorithm to determine the exact form of these cusp forms.


The diseases and pests of existing ten species and one varietaten of tacamahaca polar had been investigated from 1994 to 1996.After having sorted the data,We had appraised twenty nine main diseases,twenty four pests,ten sorts of opponents of diseases and pests and two sorts of forestry plant quarantion objects issusd by state.And the happening characteristics of main diseases and pests were analysed.


Land use/cover change(LUCC)is widely recognized as one of the most important driving forces of global carbon cycles.The influence of LUCC from native forest to plantations,secondary forest,orchard and arable land on soil organic carbon(SOC)stores and quality was investigated by using "space for time" method in mid-subtropical mountainous area of southern China.The results show that LUCC has led to great decreased SOC stocks and quality.Considerable SOC and light-fraction organic carbon(LFOC)have been stored in native forest(142.2 t hm-2 and 14.8 t·hm-2,respectively).When native forest was converted to plantations,secondary forest,orchard and arable land,the SOC stocks decreased by 25.6%-28%.7%,38.0%,31.8% and 51.2%,respectively.The LFOC stocks decreased by 52.2-57.2% when native forest was converted to woodland plantations and second forest,and by 82.1%-84.2% when to economic plantation,orchard and arable land.After the conversion,the ratios of LFOC to SOC(0-60 cm)decreased from 13.3% to about 3.0%-10.7%.The SOC and LFOC stored in the upper 20 cm soil were more sensitive to LUCC when compared to the subsurface soil layer.Comparison suggests that the effects of the above mentioned LUCC on carbon release and quality deline were greater than the global average level,which could be explained by the vulnerable natural environment and special human management practices.Thus,it is significant to protect vulnerable environment,restore vegetation coverage and afforest plantation reasonably in mountainous area in mid-subtropics,for enhancing soil carbon sequestration,mitigating elevated atmospheric CO2 and sustainably developing ecological services.


Objective:To explore the dynamic enhancement features of unilocular and multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma and evaluate its clinical value. Methods: Eight cases with unilocular and multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma confirmed by surgical pathology underwent spiral CT plain scanning and dynamic enhancement scanning including corticomedullary, parenchymal and renal pelvis phase before operation. The radiologic findings were evaluated for cystic wall, septum and nodularity of each cysts. Results: There were 2 unilocular and 6 multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma appeared as round or lobulated masses which projected over the contour of renal cortex. 7 cysts were composed of inhomogeneous serous fluid, cystic wall was irregular thick with or without nodularity in 3 cases, 3 cases had calcification in cystic wall and/or septum. Cystic wall, septum and nodularity showed all the more clear in dynamic enhancement scanning than plain CT scanning with different degree enhancement. 4 cases showed obviously enhancement in corticomedullary phase which were regressive quickly in the parenchymal phase and pyelographic phase. For another 3 cases, the enhancement were slight to marked delayed enhancement, the enhancement could not be discriminated in 1 CRCC because of calcification in a wall. Conclusion: The dynamic enhancement findings of CRCC have their own characteristics. We could get definite diagnosis with that typical features, but we must differentiate atypical CRCC from benign cystic lesions.


The to xicological effe cts of lunar dusts have not been stud ied in sufficient depth t o dev elop an ex posure standard for operations on the lunar surface. Lunar dusts have a high content in the respirable size range, they have a high surface area that i s chemically reactive, and elemental iron "nano-partic les" are imbedded in the dust grains. These unusual properties may cause the respirable dusts to be at least moderately toxic to the respiratory system, and larger grains to be abrasive to the skin & eye. NASA needs to set an airborne exposure standard based o n scientific evidence s o t hat v ehicle desi gns can effectiv ely control e xposure. – Human Research Program Requirements Document, HRP-47052, Rev. C, dated Jan 2009.


We present an expert system developed to confirm or to assess the presence of a pathology on the basis of morphological data, coming from radiological images. This system is based on object oriented programming. The basis of this system is a lingustic description of the radiological image referred as "feature image". We can recognise three different levels of use. The first from a real image to some possible pathologies, the second from some pathologies to a possible expected image, the third, a consultation level on the anatomical region considered. We have tested the system on images of the thorax.


A conventional low-bandwidth Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) requires an external capacitor and a large on-chip ripple capacitor. A new PLL architecture is proposed in this paper, which replaces the large external capacitor in the loop filter by semi-digital storage cells. PVT compensation is achieved using the information stored digitally in the storage cells. Since the total value of the on-chip capacitor is reduced drastically, the proposed PLL architecture has a small chip size and a very low power consumption. The design is validated by a silicon implementation. The proposed architecture can also be extended to the design of high bandwidth PLLs.


In recent years, the number of diabetics in Japan is increasing every year. During the treatment, patients with diabetes are doing injections several times a day for insulin administration. Compared with the other injection method into the subcutaneous tissue, the hypodermic injection which the effect of a medicine maintains more is used in that case. However, there are few study cases about the percolation process of the medicine at the time of a hypodermic injection, design of the needle in consideration of the efficiency of drug penetration as well as durability despite being sought, the design of the hypodermic needle for medication which a medicine is made to permeate efficiently is not yet made. Therefore, confirmation of subcutaneous infiltration process has become an issue. Then, in order to check change of the osmosis tendency accompanying a check of time progress for the percolation process at the time of medication, the fluorescence reagent was used and the osmosis observation experiment was conducted. With a syringe of 27G on the back of surviving nude mouse, in order to confirm the presence or absence of a difference to the fluorescence reaction, it was observed fluorescence reaction of the elapsed time intervals using a IVIS Lumina II administered two fluorescent reagents. A result of the osmosis observation experiment, we confirmed that FITC was suitable for observation.


Systemic thromboembolism — fairly common complication of mitral valvular disease, often leading to disability or fatal consequences for the patient. The source of emboli in most cases, are blood clots localized in the left atrium. The survey reflected basic views on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of intraatrial thrombosis according to new scientific advances. Articles (reviews, meta-analyzes and original researchs) from Pub Med database, as well as domestic literature were used.


[Harmonious proportions] arouse, deep within us and beyond our sense, a resonance, a sort of sounding board which begins to vibrate. An indefinable trace of the Absolute which lies in the depth of our being. This sounding board which vibrates in us is our criterion of harmony. This is indeed the axis on which man is organised in perfect accord with nature and probably with the universe. Lc Corbusicr


The present invention discloses a system and a method for saving power using restricted access window. In one aspect an access point includes a processor configured to generate a message identifying a time period in which the access point will enter a power save mode and ignore a packet sent from any wireless station, and a transmitter connected to the processor and configured to transmit the message to one or more wireless stations associated with the access point.


ABSTRACT This article explores the implications of a blended agroecology and gender education within Brazil's Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST). The discussion is first situated within MST's struggle for land and for peasant families' livelihoods, generally, and under neoliberalism, specifically. Central to the struggle against neoliberalism have been critical educational models that evolved towards agroecology and a gender-equality-oriented pedagogy. Women have played important roles in the movement's growth, particularly the development of the education sector. Using data from a literature review, observations, and interviews, the article argues that MST's education, focused on agroecology and accompanied by gender-oriented pedagogy, empowers women and men to disrupt the traditional sexual division of labour in rural communities, and within land struggles, more generally.


The objective of this research is to discover the influence of compensation, motivation, work environment, and work stress on employee performance. Research instrument is questionnaire in the form of structured questionnaire. Closed questionnaire is used as it is question models with answer choices provided so that respondents only choose from alternative answers according to their opinion or choice. Those closed questions explain respond from respondents on variables of compensation, motivation, work environment, work stress, and employee performance. Analysis method is multiple linear regression analysis. The result of research shows that compensation, motivation, work environment, and work stress influence employee performance, partially and simultaneously at PT. BCA KCU Manado. It is suggested  that company always raises salary, facilitates employees to strengthen employees relationships, create comfortable work environment for its employees, develops skills and abilities of employees to improve their performance and thus profitable to the company


Liver cancer was the most common cancer and a serious fatal disease and had caused serious damage to human health (Yu et al., 2011). The etiloogy of liver cancer was chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (Jeng et al., 2014). However, some studies were about genetic polymorphisms and suggested that GSTM1 deletion polymorphism was involved in liver cancer risk in China (Wang et al., 2010; Yu et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2013). However, only a minority of subjects who carried GSTM1 null genotype developed liver cancer. This phenomenon suggested that other risk factors, such as other genes polymorphisms, were related to susceptibility to liver cancer (Lakkakula et al., 2013). Many studies had discussed about GSTM1 null genotype and the results were not consistent. What's more, the researches were not performed by eliminating publication bias and irrelevant conclusions were made (Wang et al., 2010; Yu et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2013). We doubted that GSTM1 null genotype was the etiology of liver cancer. Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) were coded by glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1) and other genes. GSTM1 was hypothesized to protect against toxins. However, many enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 (CYP450), microsomal epoxide hydrolase, and N-acetyltransferase,


This article aims to describe the use of mind-mapping techniques in language learning as a way to assist students in developing their analytical, organizational, collaborative, and creative skills in addition to their language capabilities. During the 2020 academic year, mind-mapping was utilised as a teaching and learning tool in an English class composed of 93 12th-grade students. The research tools used for the purpose of a quasi-experiment included lesson plans, integrated mind-mapping techniques and unit tests. Through a one-group posttest-only design, cognitive-related data was collected by way of unit tests while a questionnaire was used for gathering opinions related to the use of mind maps in English classes. The results showed that the use of mind maps in English language classrooms provide an opportunity for students to be an active learner by acquiring data, processing information, organizing details and constructing knowledge by themselves. In addition, mind-mapping techniques also improve students' skills such as creative and critical thinking, collaborative and organizational skills, alongside their English-language skills. They also develop positive attitudes towards mind-mapping techniques in which they can apply to other subjects.


Central marine fisheries research institute being one of the foremost fisheries research
organisation in the country, the research projects implemented by institute lead to
outcomes that are momentous to the entire marine fisheries sector of India. The
year 2014-15 also saw a remarkable amount of research work in the Institute, with a cluster
of 70 research projects, exactly half of which were in-house projects and the rest were
externally funded. In addition, CMFRI also executed 11 consultancy projects. This report
presents the research outcomes covering 13 distinct themes with focus on addressing
issues related to sustainable exploitation of marine fishery resources, development of
viable, eco-friendly mariculture technologies as well as conservation and management of
marine biodiversity.


We extend a theorem proved by Dolcetti and Pareschi in [DE] concerning the existence of linearly normal curves in P to similar ones for P and P (Theorems A and B). However such a theorem does not seem to hold for n ≥ 6.


The herbal remedies Natto K2, Agaricus, mistletoe, noni juice, green tea and garlic, frequently used by cancer patients, were investigated for their in vitro inhibition potential of cytochrome P‐450 3A4 (CYP3A4) metabolism. To our knowledge, only garlic and green tea had available data on the possible inhibition of CYP3A4 metabolism. Metabolic studies were performed with human c‐DNA baculovirus expressed CYP3A4. Testosterone was used as a substrate and ketoconazole as a positive quantitative inhibition control. The formation of 6‐β‐OH‐testosterone was quantified by a validated HPLC methodology. Green tea was the most potent inhibitor of CYP3A4 metabolism (IC50: 73 µg/mL), followed by Agaricus, mistletoe and noni juice (1324, 3594, >10 000 µg/mL, respectively). All IC50 values were high compared with those determined for crude extracts of other herbal remedies. The IC50/IC25 ratios for the inhibiting herbal remedies ranged from 2.15 to 2.67, indicating similar inhibition profiles of the herbal inhibitors of CYP3A4. Garlic and Natto K2 were classified as non‐inhibitors. Although Agaricus, noni juice, mistletoe and green tea inhibited CYP3A4 metabolism in vitro, clinically relevant systemic or intestinal interactions with CYP3A4 were considered unlikely, except for a probable inhibition of intestinal CYP3A4 by the green tea product. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Thordon is a new widely used material for water-lubricated bearings in virtue of its well shockproof characteristic, high load and wear resistance. The material' s category was briefly outlined in the paper. The development status and the tribological characteristics of the water-lubricated Thordon bearings were studied. The advances of the bearings were introduced in the end of the paper.


Our beliefs have a great influence on our daily activities and how we do them, for example how people go about driving has a lot to do with their beliefs about safety, beliefs about health influence the way people drink and eat, etc. As an English practitioner, my teaching practice is also driven by my beliefs. Thus, the way I select materials, start the class, assign an activity, and assess my students are informed by what I believe to be relevant to be applied to my language classroom. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss four categories of the Stern's framework for articulating teaching beliefs and provide experience-based examples to illustrate how each could inform classroom pedagogy. As an extension of Stern's view, I will also discuss the importance of assessment for learners and professional development for teachers. At this stage, my views will be based on the experiences that I have acquired  as a language learner and a language teaching professional. Key Words: framework, teaching beliefs, classroom pedagogy, teaching experience.


When the semiconductor laser is used as the light source device to detect the surface defects of steel balls, because its output light power and light wavelength are greatly affected by injection current, ambient temperature and other factors, the output power of the light source is unstable, which will seriously affect the accuracy of steel ball surface defect detection. To solve this problem, this paper designs a power stability control system of small power semiconductor laser based on single-chip microcomputer, which can feedback control the output power and working temperature of the laser, and add an optical isolator in the laser to achieve automatic control of laser luminous power stability. After the simulation of the system, the 1310nm and 1550nm lasers are tested experimentally. The test results show that the circuit works reliably and the optical power control effect is good. The instability of the output power of the two lasers is 1.42% and 1.7% respectively. This design provides a relatively stable light source for the detection of steel ball surface defects.


For color host images,a novel adaptive watermarking algorithm based on hypercomplex Fourier transform is proposed in this paper.Firstly the color host image is transferred into hypercomplex frequency domain.Then some real parts of the hypercomplex frequency spectra of the color host image are selected.Based on the different mask properties of the human vision system about the texture,edge and luminance of the color host image,the selected frequency spectra are put the different mask weights for the embedded watermark.As a result,an adaptive watermarking algorithm for color host images in hypercomplex spectrum domain is realized.Experimental results show that the robustness and insensitiveness of our method are much improved by the adaptive masks of the color image.Its anti-attacking capability is also much better than the hypercomplex watermarking algorithm without adaptive masks.Comparison results with the known ones in literature verify such superiorities of the proposed algorithm.


The purpose of the research. This article analyses the main points of the legal teaching of the Australian jurist William Jethro Brown (1868-1930), which the authors of this study regard as forming one of the significant stages in the evolution of Anglo-American legal positivism. Along with his contemporaries, a New Zealand lawyer John William Salmond (1862-1924) and British jurists Thomas Erskine Holland (1835-1926) and John Mason Lightwood (1852-1947), Brown was among the first critics of the «command theory of law» of the founder of the analytical school of jurisprudence John Austin (1790-1859). The authors of this article prove that the ideas, including those of W. Brown, play the role of a link between the founders of the analytical school of law (J. Bentham, J. Austin), the teachings of William Markby, Sheldon Amos, and subsequent generations of English legal scholars of both positivist and neo-positivist direction. Many provisions of Brown's legal doctrine became the basis for criticism of Austin's command concept and legal understanding in the teachings of H. L. A. Hart, the central figure of English neopositivism of the 20th century. As a result of the research the authors conclude that there are comparative similarities between W. J. Brown's conception of «rules of external action», J. W. Salmond's idea of «ultimate legal principles» and H. L. A. Hart's legal doctrine on the «rule of recognition».


This paper reviews the extent of heavy metal contamination in Chinese vegetables. Increasing amounts of heavy metals are discharged into the environment in China. Metals such as cadmium and lead have become major contaminants, as well as chromium and mercury to a lesser degree. Factors influencing heavy metal contamination in vegetables and their control in China are analyzed and discussed.


Recent observations from this laboratory have revealed that there is an alteration in the kinetic properties of microsomal glucose 6-phosphatase in the livers of diabetic rats (1, Z), in addition to the'well established increase in total activity (3, 4). Since the kinetic differences between the normal and the diabetic enzyme disappeared upon disruption of the microsomes (Z), it seemed possible that they arose from alterations in the microsomes themselves. In order to obtain more information related to this possibility, an examination of a second microsomal enzyme was undertaken. The phosphatase which hydrolyzes adenosine 5'-phosphate (5, 6) was selected for this purpose. No changes were observed in either the kinetics or activity of thii enzyme in diabetic animals. Pursuant to these studies the specificity and a number of the properties of the enzyme were investigated and are reported herein.


The study provides empirical analysis of the cross-country relationship between a direct measure of competitive conduct of banking system and financial system in CIS countries during the period from 2001 to 2013. We determine the level of banking competition by using Panzar and Rosse H-statistic. Estimation results from Logit probability analysis reveal that the level of competition does not significantly affect the probability of banking crisis in such countries. However, a number of macroeconomic and institutional factors have a significant influence in financial stability. According to empirical results, higher inflation increases the probability of a banking crisis. On the other hand, credit growth decreases the probability of banking crisis in the investigated countries. These results are robust to the methodology when the interaction of concentration and h-statistic is used. The institutional factors have significant influence on preventing banking crises. Specifically, improvement in government effectiveness decreases the probability of banking crisis.


Background: Sialic acid (SA) participates in multiple physiological functions, such as cell-to-cell interactions, cell migration, and proliferation. The levels of SA may provide intimation about the severity and state of underlying disease processes. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess the salivary levels of SA in obese patients with and without chronic periodontitis (CP) and nonobese healthy patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 patients were divided into three groups: Group 1: nonobese healthy, Group 2: obese without CP, and Group 3: obese with CP. Whole saliva samples were collected, and SA levels were evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid method of Skoza and Mohos. The results were analyzed using SPSS and Mann–Whitney analysis. Results: The highest SA levels from the saliva were detected in Group 3 while the lowest in Group 1. A significant difference in SA levels in the saliva was found when Groups 1 and 2 were compared with Group 3 (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The level of SA was higher in the saliva of CP patients. SA may be used as an inflammatory marker for the detection of periodontal disease.


A Phase Detector is an indispensable component in a Delay-Locked Loop (DLL). It compares the phases of two input clock signals and then produce a binary lead/lag signal to indicate which clock signal arrives earlier. The resolution of a PD often determines the accuracy of a DLL in terms of the phase error. Unfortunately, a traditional cell-based PD is strongly susceptible to the process variation. In this paper, we propose a "Voting PD design" to alleviate this problem. First, a number of primitive phase detectors are incorporated, and then their primitive results undergo a majority voting process to produce the final lead/lag signal, and thereby enhancing the overall resolution. A statistical approximation shows that process variation can be compressed to 53% using a voting group of 5 primitive phase detectors.


The high field conduction was investigated in low-density polyethylene(LDPE) and LDPE/silica nanocomposites filled with various size and concentration of nanosilica.The concentration was from 0~5.0% and the average particle size was 7 nm and 16 nm,respectively.It is found that the effect of nanofiller is not distinct for conduction at low electric field.The introduction of nanofiller at low concentration about 1.0% could not suppress the conduction at high electric field.The threshold fields are significantly lower in the nanocomposite,compared with that of pure LDPE.However,the conduction current at a high field remarkably reduces at high concentrations and the threshold fields apparently increase.The conduction current at high field is smaller in nanocomposite filled with 7 nm nanofiller,compared with that filled with 16 nm nanofiller.Moreover,the threshold fields are also lower in nanocomposite filled with smaller particle.In addition,the total trap density H evaluated from the high field conduction based on space charge limited current(SCLC) theory decreases at low nanosilica concentration and increases at high nanosilica concentration.Moreover,H increases with the increase of nanosilica concentration from 0.1% to 5.0%.It is considered that the increase of total trap density H in nanocomposite with the nanofiller concentration is caused by the increase of interface between nanofiller and LDPE matrix.


1 Rezaie A, Iriana S, Pimentel M, Murrell Z, Fleshner P, Zaghiyan K. Can 3D high resolution anorectal manometry detect anal sphincter defects in patients with faecal incontinence? Colorectal Dis 2016; 19: 468–75. 2 Mion F, Garros A, Brochard C et al. 3D high-definition anorectal manometry: values obtained in asymptomatic volunteers, fecal incontinence and chronic constipation. Results of a prospective multicenter study (NOMAD). Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo. 13049. 3 Li Y, Yang X, Xu C, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Normal values and pressure morphology for three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry of asymptomatic adults: a study in 110 subjects. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28: 1161–8. 4 Faltin DL, Boulvain M, Stan C, Epiney M, Weil A, Irion O. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement in the diagnosis of anal sphincter tears by postpartum endosonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003; 21: 375–7. 5 Ros C, Martinez-Franco E, Wozniak MM, et al. Postpartum 2D and 3D ultrasound evaluation of the anal sphincter complex in women with obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 49: 508–14. 6 Wickramasinghe DP, Perera CS, Senanayake H, et al. Correlation of three dimensional anorectal manometry and three dimensional endoanal ultrasound findings in primi gravida: a cross sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8: 387. 7 Vitton V, Ben Hadj Amor W, Baumstarck K, Behr M, Bouvier M, Grimaud JC. Comparison of three-dimensional highresolution manometry and endoanal ultrasound in the diagnosis of anal sphincter defects. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15: e607–11.


The uptake rate of oxygen and nitrous oxide were studied during low flow anaesthesia with enflurane or isoflurane in nitrous oxide with either spontaneous or controlled ventilation. The excess gas flow and composition were analysed. The nitrous oxide uptake rate was in agreement with Severinghaus'formula V̇N20 1000.t‐0.5. The composition of excess gas was predictable and the following formula for oxygen uptake could be derived: V̇O2=V̇fgO2 ‐0.45 (V̇fgN2O ‐(kg: 70.1000.t‐0.5)) where oxygen uptake rate (V̇O2, ml.min‐1) equals oxygen fresh gas flow (V̇fgO2) minus 0.45 times the difference between the fresh gas flow of nitrous oxide (V̇fgN2O), ml.min‐1 and estimated uptake of nitrous oxide. The equation assumes constant inspired gas concentrations of 30% oxygen and 65–70% nitrous oxide. The oxygen uptake rates calculated from this formula were in good agreement with measured uptake rates. Thus, continuous monitoring of oxygen uptake rates is possible by using only reliable flowmeters and analysis of inspried oxygen concentration.


The American Society of Civil Engineers estimates that by 2040, water and wastewater infrastructure (e.g., treatment facilities, conveyance systems) in the United States will require $144 billion to repair, replace, and upgrade. As water demand increases and stringent nutrient regulations are implemented, facilities will be forced to intensify existing operations or face costly process additions. Data-driven process monitoring and control is an underdeveloped paradigm in the treatment industry that could help address the growing infrastructure investment gap by improving the accuracy and precision with which water and wastewater are treated. Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) use relatively simple control systems compared to other process control industries (e.g., energy, manufacturing). "Normal" is demarcated by operator-determined thresholds on individual process variables; the upper and lower limits span a sufficiently large range to allow for some operational and environmental variability to water quality and quantity. Often these thresholds are so generous, process efficiency, and in some cases quality, is negatively impacted before an operator can respond to a fault or failure. Automated process adjustments are also limited by simple control logic, and process models lack the accuracy for real-time control. This frequently results in excessive energy and chemical use to safely operate in the event of a rapid and unexpected process upset. To improve the accuracy of monitoring and control, control strategies must consider the real-time multivariate and dynamic features of water treatment. This dissertation investigates multiple statistical and machine learning approaches to address control challenges faced by full-scale WWTP. First, a literature review details and compares state-of-the-art and state-of-the-industry WWTP monitoring and control methods. Second, multivariate statistical process control methods and adaptations are compared to identify faults in a decentralized WWTP. Third, a full-scale biological treatment process is (i) quantitatively assessed for stability and (ii) modeled to forecast ammonia for advanced control. Fourth, disinfection performance is modeled to adapt to changing water quality at a full-scale WWTP. Each chapter considers the realities of designing real-time monitoring and control using nonstationary, autocorrelated, and missing data, and solutions are proposed that use traditional and novel data science tools.


Dark Matter (DM) theories and mass-tracing-light theories like MOND are by construction nearly degenerate on galactic scales, but not when it comes to the predicted shapes of Roche Lobes of a two-body system (e.g., a globular cluster orbiting a host galaxy). We show that the flattening of the Roche lobe is sensitive to the function mu(g) in modification of the law of gravity. We generalise the analytical results obtained in the deep-MOND limit by Zhao (2005), and consider a binary in the framework of a MOND-like gravity modification function mu(g) or a general non-Keplerian gravity g proportional to R-zeta. We give analytical expressions for the inner Lagrange point and Robe lobe axis ratios. The Roche lobe volume is proven to scale linearly with the true mass ratio, which applies to any mu(g), hence mass-tracing light models would overpredict the Roche lobe of a DM-poor globular cluster in a DM-rich host galaxy, and underpredict the size of a DM-richer dwarf satellite. The lobes are squashed with the flattening similar to 0.4 in the strong gravity and similar to 0.6 in the weak gravity; a precise measurement of the flattening could be used to verify the anisotropic dilation effect which is generic to MOND-like gravity. We generalise these results for extended mass distribution, and compare predicted Roche radii with limiting radii of observed globular clusters and dwarf galaxy satellites.


Nutrient absorption studies based on the enzymatic kinetic principles have been done mainly on woody species, grasses or legumes. In our study, the maximum rate of K absorption (Imax) and the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) in intact habanero chilli plants were determined using the depletion technique. For this purpose, the plants were without K and then with 2, 4, 6 and 8mM K solutions. Depletion of K was measured every 30 min up to 210 min. The root surface area was measured in order to obtain the depletion per cm 2 . The results analyzed by simple regression were fitted to an exponential model showing differences (p≤0.001) between solutions. K absorption per unit of time was adjusted by minimum square to obtain Imax and Km. There were no differences in Imax, but Km did show differences indicating a similar maximum rate of absorption at different K concentrations in the solution. Imax was not affected by the different concentrations of K in the external solution and its average was 4.7E-04 μM cm 2 s −1 ; however, Km was a function of K concentration in the external solution (between 1.11 and 1.27 mM). Imax can be used to calculate K absorption in habanero chilli on the field through K concentration in the soil solution and the root surface area at different stages of development.


Introduction: Myocardial contraction fraction (MCF) is the ratio of left ventricular (LV) stroke volume to myocardial volume, and thus a measure of LV pumping capacity per unit of myocardium. We sought to determine whether MCF measured using current steady-state free precession (SSFP) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) sequences was an independent predictor of incident "hard" cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, defined by myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, unstable angina (UA), hospitalized heart failure (HF) or CVD death in a community dwelling cohort initially free of these CVD events.

Methods: 1794 members of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort (aged 65±9 years) underwent CMR between 2002-2006 using a 1.5-Tesla system with contiguous multislice SSFP cine imaging to encompass the left ventricle. MCF was determined from the cine images by a single observer blinded to participant characteristics. We tracked incident hard CVD events over median 6.5-year follow up and used Cox proportional hazards models (adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, treatment for hypertension) to determine hazard of hard CVD events per increment (0.10) of MCF.

Results: MCF was determined in 1776 (99%) Offspring (835 men). Overall, MCF was greater in women (0.92±0.14 vs. 0.78±0.15 for men), p<0.0001. There were 60 incident hard CVD events during follow up. Incident hard events included 26 MI, 2 UA, 13 stroke, 14 hospitalized HF and 5 CVD deaths. Offspring experiencing an incident event had lower MCF (0.78±0.19 vs. 0.86±0.15 for those free of events), p=0.002. On MV-adjusted Cox proportional hazards analyses, a greater MCF was protective against hard CVD events, HR [95% confidence intervals] = 0.76 [0.63 - 0.93] per 0.10 increment of MCF.

Conclusion: Over 6.5-year follow-up, greater MCF is protective against major adverse CVD events, even after adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors in a community dwelling cohort of middle-aged and older predominantly European-descended adults. Determination of MCF requires only knowledge of LV stroke volume and myocardial volume, both of which are routinely determined in a standard CMR examination of the left ventricle, and thus imposes no additional scan-time or analysis burden. While MCF may be clinically useful for prediction of risk for incident hard CVD events, its potential value in younger age groups and other ethnicities remains to be determined.


There is probably not a single person left in the world that does not have a profile or does not know about Facebook. Facebook is one of the most popular social networking sites across the world. This is the place where people register themselves to make...


Industrial hemp contains 65-80% shives of the stalk and are composed of libriform fibres who are high lignin content. Steam explosion (SE) auto-hydrolysis is a simple treatment of biomass (agricultural waste, logging residues, etc.) by saturated only steam without any additional reagents, usually at pressures 32 atmospheres. This is the basic method how to produce lignin without any dash. Analogy if there is the most sever SE and more are destroyed hemp shives, the more lignin can extract. The aim is to definite the bulk volume, content of lignin in 'Belobrzesky' hemp variety depending on the SE treatment factor, doing extraction with H2O and NaOH 0.4% and compare without going content of hemp shives lignin.


After reforming and opening to the outside , our economy are booming , at the same time ,the gap of income between rural and urban is becoming wider and wider . From the perspective of system , the reason that caused the gap lies in two aspects : the first one is that the difference of tax system between rural and urban has been the barrier of the prosperity of rural district ; and then the system transformation has widen the gap in wealth . Because the gap has some negative effects , It should be controlled . According to this , this essay raises four methods for shrinking the gap between rural and urban .


The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between sectors of activity in a small economy, exemplified by the case of Cape Verde, in order to analyze the impact that each one has on the others. Using the vector autoregressive (VAR) approach, the short-run and long-run relationships were estimated among the three main sectors of activity in the Cape Verdean economy, namely agriculture, industry and services, from 1980 to 2010. The main results showed that the services sector is the only exogenous sector in the Cape Verdean economy, and it has a positive effect on the variation of the added value of industry sector and negative effect in agriculture sector, unlike industry that is correlated positively with all others sectors.


A term male infant was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery to a 23 year old gravida 2 para 2 mother. His weight, length, and head circumference were 2720g (8%), 47cm (6%) and 31.5cm (1%) respectively; the remainder of his physical examination was unremarkable. The pregnancy was complicated by intra-uterine growth retardation, gestational diabetes controlled with glyburide, and gestational thrombocytopenia. The mother had a past medical history of obesity, BMI of 32 (>95%), HPV infection, and atypical squamous cells of the cervix. A fetal ultrasound at 38 weeks gestational age showed echogenic foci consistent with cholelithiasis (Figure 1); a previous US at 37 weeks gestational age was normal. On routine laboratory testing the mother's blood type was O positive and the infant's was A+ (positive). His transcutaneous bilirubin was 4.3 mg/dL at 36 hours of life. Both mother and son were discharged after two days without problem.


The liver is a unique environment that maintains tolerance to a heavy load of foreign antigens derived from the intestine. The liver is also the site of several chronic viral infections, including hepatitis B & C viruses. Defining the mechanism(s) underlying the tolerogenic environment of the liver will broaden our understanding of normal liver function and contribute to better therapeutic strategies to persistent infection. Natural killer cells (NKs) make up a large percentage of the liver lymphocyte population. NKs play a critical role in innate immunity and generating adaptive immunity via crosstalk with dendritic cells (DCs). To determine the role of liver NK cells in modulating host immunity, we examined cytokine production upon interaction of NKs with DCs. When liver or spleen NKs were co‐cultured with splenic DC in the presence of IL‐12 or IL‐15, IFN‐γ was significantly decreased in the liver NK‐DC coculture compared to the spleen NK‐DC coculture, in the presence of either IL‐12 or IL‐15. We next determined the status of NK cell differentiation and the expression of both inhibitory and activating NK receptors in the liver and spleen on specific NK subsets defined by the expression of CD27 and CD11b. The inhibitory receptor NKG2A was expressed at higher levels on liver NKs compared to spleen NKs. This higher expression was observed in all NK subsets, but most pronounced in the CD27highCD11blow subset. In contrast, expression within all subsets of the activating receptor NKG2D, as well as all Ly49 receptors, was lower on liver NKs compared to spleen NKs. These results suggest that the liver NK cell may be less functionally competent than spleen NK cells, and that the inhibitory receptor NKG2A may play a prominent role in the effector status of NKs within the liver.


124 urinary stones obtained from boer goats,located goats,dogs,feline,pigs,scalper and chicken were analysed by fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy.The results indicated that the following components were easily (identified:) magnesium ammonium phosphate(struvite),calcium oxalate,calcium carbonate,uric acid.These predicted the method of FTIR is an ideal way to analyse animal uroliths.


Background and Objectives: This study was designed to compare the nasalance between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients and normal controls and to determine the correlation of nasalance with nasal volume, nasal resistance, CT score, and polyp score in CRS patients. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 150 CRS patients and 154 normal adults. All subjects underwent acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry. Nasalance scores were measured with the nasometer. All CRS patients were graded according to the Lund-Mackay CT staging system and the degree of nasal polyp. Results: Nasal volume was decreased and nasal resistance was increased in CRS patients compared with normal controls. However, the nasalance scores for oro-nasal and nasal passages were significantly higher in CRS patients compared with normal controls. In CRS patients, the nasalance score for the nasal passage showed positive correlation with nasal volume and negative correlation with nasal resistance and Lund-Mackay CT score. However, no significant correlation was found between nasalance score and endoscopic polyp score. Conclusion: Contrary to expectations, nasalance was increased in CRS patients despite decreased nasal volume and increased nasal resistance. Thus, nasal resonance likely depends on a multitude of factors other than changes in the sinonasal cavity.


Media logic is the key to understanding mediatization and its driving forces. Since news organizations simultaneously are market and non-market organizations, media logic is conceived of as an institution that is both normative and market driven. Consequently, the definition of news media logic rests on assumptions from both the normative and the rational choice approach to institutions. Two sets of institutional rules are identified: professional norms based on values (independence and objectivity) and professional standards based on rules for the production of news (craft rules and form rules). The institutionalization of news media logic is conceived of as an evolutionary process, where the norms and standards are assumed to have emerged and become established endogenously. Thus, the process of institutionalization is believed to be explained primarily by processes of institutional learning. In order to justify the power of journalists, the very meanings of the norms of independence and objectivity have been widened, and the professional standards have become increasingly refined. My main conclusion is that news media logic has emerged as a single coherent institution in most Western democracies, and that the biggest democratic challenge is not the performance of the media, but the fact that journalists today can exercise a lot of power without any actual counterweights.


In August 2014, Shaoxing People's Hospital launched the construction of Regional Sharing Center named as "One Hospital with Three Centers", which aimed at optimizing the allocation of medical resources, improving technical level and service capabilities of primary health care institution and promoting the deeper medical and health system reform in Shaoxing.


The study is discussing the values that are belonging to the Druze community managers and do the values they arise in still route them in managerial style. The Monotheistic "Druze" community is a unique group of ethnic, religious, cultural, and geographic aspects. It is having some incredibly unique characteristics, possessing an identity based on a mystic emotional connection which originates from heart and soul, a cross-border connection that brings together the ancient past, the present and the future without territorial identity. Values of tradition, conformity, benevolence, universalism, and security have negative correlation coefficient with many other values. These values reflect social values with responsibility and loyalty to the collective and compatible with the religious values directing the laws and statutes of the monotheistic "Druze". Strong, positive correlations were found and in direct ratio between some values and age. Reverse ratio to age was found in hedonism and stimulation values so that young managers (aged 20-50) had more stimulation. Most of Monotheistic "Druzeâ€Âť managers, in their daily routine, were on the axis between transformational leadership and transactional leadership. A charismatic leadership phases were shown sometimes among young managers. Religious managers were with many instances of social leadership to transformational leadership passing in transactional leadership. The conclusion is that the managers of the monotheistic Druze community maintain the values they were raised and educated by, even when they are in a managerial status. And still holding the values that preserve their unique character and the values that characterize their survival elements.


Nowadays, sustainability is one of the strategic goals of smart cities. They are the essential solution to creating the sustainable future. On the other hand, the smart city is intended to deal with the problems of energy management. This paper examines the influence of the smart sustainable cities concept on energy management from the labor market perspective. The paper fulfills the research gap about energy manager profession transformation considering smart sustainable city concept. The aim of the paper is to create an up-to-date holistic energy manager skill model with a focus on emerging technologies. The skill model reflects the synergy of two methodological approaches: the theoretical and practical approaches. Descriptive statistics are used to present the labor market research results. It is concluded that the core elements of the smart sustainable city concept have an impact on energy management are sustainability and big data. The labor market research also draws differences in the amount and structure of demand on energy manager skills by countries, but at the same time similar skills requirements are found. The skill model of the energy manager profession is built around several main groups associated with specific knowledge, social skills, and behavior skills. The findings of the present research can contribute to knowledge and practice by applying it in the process of developing energy manager competency models in commercial and non-commercial enterprises as well as in education programs and training courses.


Hydrotalcite or LDHs are usually synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The compound has a wide range of applications for catalyst, catalyst support, adsorbents and a like. In this work, we have proposed a new route for synthesizing Mg-Al-OH (Mg:Al =3:1) hydrotalcite by means of mechanochemical treatment of a mixture of Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3 and water within 3-hours grinding using a planetary ball mill. Characterization of the samples synthesized confirms the preparation of Mg-Al-OH LDH by this route.


20--24 May 1996 12th International Conference on Plasma Surface Interactions in Controlled Fusion Devices Saint Raphael, France Contact: PSI 96 c/o Ms V Poli, Association EURATOM-CEA sur la Fusion, DRCF/SPPF, Centre d'Etudes de Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France. Tel +33-42-25-62-60, Fax +33-42-25-62-55, E-mail email@example.com. 20--24 May 1996 12th International Conference on Plasma Surface Interactions in Controlled Fusion Devices Saint Raphael, France Contact: PSI 96 c/o Ms V Poli, Association EURATOM-CEA sur la Fusion, DRCF/SPPF, Centre d'Etudes de Cadarache, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France. Tel +33-42-25-62-60, Fax +33-42-25-62-55, E-mail email@example.com. 3--5 June 1996 7th International Conference on Plasma Science Boston, MA, USA Contact: M Silevitch, ECE Department, Northeastern University,Boston, MA 02115, USA. 3--5 June 1996 7th International Conference on Plasma Science Boston, MA, USA Contact: M Silevitch, ECE Department, Northeastern University,Boston, MA 02115, USA. 24--28 June 1996 23rd European Physical Society Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics Kiev, Ukraine Contact: Dr Ihor Goutych, Scientific Secretary, 23rd EPS CFPP, Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, 252143 Kiev, Ukraine. Tel +38-044-2665362,Fax +38-044-2665998, E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com. 24--28 June 1996 23rd European Physical Society Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics Kiev, Ukraine Contact: Dr Ihor Goutych, Scientific Secretary, 23rd EPS CFPP, Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, 252143 Kiev, Ukraine. Tel +38-044-2665362,Fax +38-044-2665998, E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com. 8--18 August 1996 International Summer School on Plasma Physics andTechnology La Jolla, CA, USA Contact: Mr V Stefan, Institute for Advanced Physics Studies,PO Box 2964, La Jolla, CA 92038, USA. Tel +1-619-456-5737. 8--18 August 1996 International Summer School on Plasma Physics andTechnology La Jolla, CA, USA Contact: Mr V Stefan, Institute for Advanced Physics Studies,PO Box 2964, La Jolla, CA 92038, USA. Tel +1-619-456-5737. 26--30 August 1996 Joint Varenna--Lausanne International Workshop on Theory of Fusion Plasmas Villa Monastero, Varenna, Italy Contact: Centro di Cultura Villa Monastero, 1 Piazza Venini, 22050 Varenna (Lecco), Italy. Tel +39-341-831261, Fax +39-341-831281. Application and abstract deadline: 15 June 1996. 26--30 August 1996 Joint Varenna--Lausanne International Workshop on Theory of Fusion Plasmas Villa Monastero, Varenna, Italy Contact: Centro di Cultura Villa Monastero, 1 Piazza Venini, 22050 Varenna (Lecco), Italy. Tel +39-341-831261, Fax +39-341-831281. Application and abstract deadline: 15 June 1996. 9--13 September 1996 International Conference on Plasma Physics Nagoya, Japan Contact: Conference Secretariat, c/o Prof. Hiromu Momota, National Institute forFusion Science, Nagoya 464-01, Japan. Tel +81-52-789-4260, Fax +81-52-789-1037, E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com. Abstract deadline: 31 March 1996. 9--13 September 1996 International Conference on Plasma Physics Nagoya, Japan Contact: Conference Secretariat, c/o Prof. Hiromu Momota, National Institute forFusion Science, Nagoya 464-01, Japan. Tel +81-52-789-4260, Fax +81-52-789-1037, E-mail email@example.com. Abstract deadline: 31 March 1996. 16--20 September 1996 19th Symposium on Fusion Technology Lisbon, Portugal Contact: Professor Carlos Varandas, Centro de Fusão Nuclear, 1096 Lisboa Codex, Portugal. Fax +351-1-8417819, E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com information will be available via WWW with URL http://www.cfn.ist.utl.pt. 16--20 September 1996 19th Symposium on Fusion Technology Lisbon, Portugal Contact: Professor Carlos Varandas, Centro de Fusão Nuclear, 1096 Lisboa Codex, Portugal. Fax +351-1-8417819, E-mail email@example.com information will be available via WWW with URL http://www.cfn.ist.utl.pt. 25-29 September 1996 Summer University of Plasma Physics Garching, Germany Contact: Ms Ch Stahlberg, Max-Planck-Institut für PlasmaPhysik, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Tel+49-89-3299-2232, Fax +49-89-3299-1001. 25-29 September 1996 Summer University of Plasma Physics Garching, Germany Contact: Ms Ch Stahlberg, Max-Planck-Institut für PlasmaPhysik, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. Tel+49-89-3299-2232, Fax +49-89-3299-1001. 2--4 October 1996 6th European Conference on Fusion Theory Utrecht, Netherlands Contact: T J Schep, FOM -- Institute for Plasma Physics, Postbus1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Tel +31-3402-312-24. 2--4 October 1996 6th European Conference on Fusion Theory Utrecht, Netherlands Contact: T J Schep, FOM -- Institute for Plasma Physics, Postbus1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. Tel +31-3402-312-24.


Recently, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) published a review of the evidence for screening for prostate cancer1 and made a clear recommendation against screening. By giving a grade of "D" in the recommendation statement that was based on this review, the USPSTF concluded that "there is moderate or high certainty that this service has no net benefit or that the harms outweigh the benefits." 2(p3)


This analysis looks for paths to progress in the WTO's stalled negotiations on environmental goods and services – a set of talks that is frequently cited as trade policy's natural contribution to climate change objectives. It surveys the experience of a number of multilateral environmental agreements – The Rotterdam Convention (Prior Informed Consent or PIC), the Stockholm Convention (Persistent Organic Pollutants or POPs) and Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora – and ecolabels (looking at coffee, fisheries and the Energy Star label). The results of the survey and a new taxonomy for environmental goods are used to create six recommendations for moving forward.


To improve ship`s maneuverability and carry out special goal POD propulsion system was equipped as propulsion and maneuvering system. To predict the maneuverability of a ship with POD propulsion system HPMM tests and POD open water test are carried out. In this paper modular model with 4 degree of freedom of a ship with twin POD propulsion system is presented. To use modular model the forces of POD propulsion system are measured separately from the hull forces. The measured forces and moments are analyzed by using modular model and whole ship model The simulation results of modular model are compared with those of whole ship model. From the present study it is Possible to analyze HPMM tests of a ship with twin POD propulsion system by modular model.


The modern dentist is doubtless familiar with the term psychosomatic in the dis cipline of medicine. Essentially it refers to the psychogenic basis of many physical disorders. The term as such is recent, and is in part a reaction to the somatopsychic approach to medicine which for two cen turies has underscored the psychological effects of bodily disorders. Thus, pain, discomfort and physical illness were seen to cause irritability, unhappiness, anxiety and other dysphoric feelings. There is abundant evidence, however, that the situation may be the reverse. Feelings, motives, and attitudes— of which the in dividual may or may not be aware— can and do cause drastic changes in body structure and body function. It is not unusual to hear pediatricians, gynecolo gists, internists and skin specialists talk like psychologists and psychiatrists. Since the terms psychosomatic and somatopsychic suggest an artificial duality between mind and body, in which the one has an apparently irreversible effect on the other, their use is unfortunate. In reality the emphasis should be on the behavior of the whole person. The em phasis should be on the interaction, the interrelation, the covariation of the two elements of these terms, so that the pri macy of one over the other ceases to exist except in terms of the professional predi lections of a particular scientific dis cipline. What each discipline chooses to study, to understand and control, or to treat is only a facet of a multi-faceted whole person. Naturally, because dentists are fre quently more human than scientist, they tend to behave as if that facet which falls within their professional purview is the most important, or even the only one. The inadequacy of such a professional attitude has already been recognized by some circles of the medical profession. The term medical psychology is becoming more fashionable these days than psycho somatic medicine, and it is intended to be broader and to include a wider variety of interactions. This term is not much improvement over the older one, however, because it retains the suggestion of duality, and neglects the contributions of such other disciplines as anthropology, sociology and guidance. A more recent term, comprehensive medicine, has been suggested.1 This term seems more in keeping with the current vogue in medical thinking, with the basic premise o f a multifaceted whole person, and with research evidence bearing on the interaction of mental, social and physiological processes in causing illness.


A close relation between allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma has been reported by many epidemiological and clinical studies. However, the nature of this relation remains unclear. Asthma and AR most frequently coexist in children and adults. AR is a strong risk factor for non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity and is also an independent risk factor for development of asthma. Uncontrolled AR worsens the clinical course of asthma.


The Nursing Focus article by Pam Campbell in the July 2004 edition of the Journal raised the important issue of the enhanced nurse role which is not being fully utilised in many areas. Unfortunately the barriers to implementing this role for nurses are not limited to lack of 'commitment and support from doctors and managers'. With the best will in the world certain recurrent obstacles have been present in my experience in three different family planning services. First it is extremely difficult to find extra nurses to cover sessions while others are training. Even when a nurse takes annual leave there is often a gap in the service so sending nurses on a 6-month rotation in another department would be highly detrimental to service provision. Even if a nurse were sent from the other department as a 'swap' extra staff would be needed to train and supervise the visiting nurse's practice. An alternative would be to pay the nurse to attend sessions elsewhere at a time other than their normal work session; however as pointed out in the article many family planning nurses have full-time jobs in other departments and this could prove difficult. Second family planning services tend to be run on a 'shoestring' budget with little leeway for the expense involved in achieving adequate nurse training and the extra expense for enhanced remuneration following said training. (excerpt)


Compressed sensing (CS) is a recently introduced concept that enables the recovery of signals sampled below the Nyquist rate. A prerequisite for its application is the sparsity of the concerned signals in a certain basis. The concept has been applied to medical imaging, seismic imaging, optical remote sensing, and, recently, radar. This paper describes two possible applications of CS for synthetic aperture radar (SAR): 1) estimation of moving-target velocities in the case of high and low signal-to-clutter ratios, as well as more than one scatterer in a single pixel making use of clutter cancellation, and 2) online compression of processed SAR images with the help of curvelet sparsity-promoting offline decoding. CS for SAR offers the possibility of using lesser amount of data, as well as a convenient way of knowing motion and position parameters of multiple moving targets. The CS technique is useful for simplification of hardware or reduction of data that are useful in the case of limited onboard data storage capacity. The results are demonstrated by means of numerical experiments using simulated data for moving-target velocity estimation and MiniSAR data for SAR image compression.


In this review, we present recent advancements and novel developments in fluidic systems for applied analytical purposes in chemistry, biochemistry, and life science in general that employ and reflect the full benefits of microfluidics. A staggering rise in publications related to integrated, all‐in‐one microfluidic chips capable of separation, reaction, and detection have been observed, all of which realise the principal of micro total analysis systems or lab‐on‐a‐chip. These integrated chips actively adopt the scaling law concepts, utilising the highly developed fabrication techniques. Their aim is to multi‐functionalise and fully automate devices believed to assist the future advancements of point‐of‐care, clinical, and medical diagnostics.


As physically embodied agents, robots can use a diversity of modalities to sense and affect their surrounding environment. Unfortunately, such high-dimensional streams of information are hard for human comprehension, making humanrobot interaction and teaching nontrivial. Thus, we pose the problem of interpretable learning from demonstration as an optimisation one over a probabilistic generative model. To account for the high-dimensionality of the data, a high-parameter neural network is chosen to represent the model. Its latent variables are explicitly aligned with high-level notions and concepts, manifested in the demonstrations. We show that such alignment can be achieved through the usage of restricted user labels. The method is evaluated in the context of table-top dabbing (pressing against a surface with a sponge) with a PR2 robot which provides us with visual information, arm joint positions and arm joint efforts.


water quality is the important facter of affecting on the character of coal-mud Water,it is feasible way of varying the charter of coal-mud water by adding coagulation agents to vary water quality.The special affection and importance of coagulation agents in all kind of link dealing with coal-mud is discussed basing on the mechanism of action,the point that coagulation agents and flocculant should be used together is advanced.


Many pathogenic bacterial species are classified into serological types, distinguished by their carbohydrate-rich surface antigens. These antigens are referred to as serotypic epitopes or glycoepitopes. Glycoepitopes are most commonly associated with capsular polysaccharides (CPS) or the O-antigen


Based on the perspective that continuum gravitational physics is an emergent quantum gravitational phenomenon, and that spacetime thermodynamic is the natural langauge in which it can be described, we derive a modified Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry in static coordinates from quantum gravity inspired logarithmic corrections to the entropy-area law. The resulting quantum corrections to classical geometry can be encoded in explicitly radius dependent black hole and cosmological constant parameters. By considering the pure black hole case we study linear perturbations on this modified background, obtaining corrections to the black hole quasi-normal modes suppressed by the square of the ratio between the Planck length and the Schwarzschild radius.


OBJECTIVE: To conduct post-hoc analyses of freedom from measured disease activity (FMDA) in patients treated with investigational peginterferon beta-1a during Year 1 of the ADVANCE study.
 BACKGROUND: At Year 1 of ADVANCE (2-year multicenter, double-blind study with a 1-year placebo-controlled period in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) peginterferon beta-1a every 2 (Q2W) and 4 (Q4W) weeks significantly improved primary and secondary clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) endpoints versus placebo.
 DESIGN/METHODS: FMDA was assessed in patients (18-65 years; Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≤5) randomized (1:1:1) to placebo, peginterferon beta-1a 125 μg Q2W or Q4W as follows: MRI-FMDA (no gadolinium-enhancing [Gd+] lesions at Weeks 24 and 48 and no new or newly-enlarging T2 lesions at Week 48 compared with baseline); clinical-FMDA (no relapses or 12-week confirmed disability progression over 48 weeks); overall-FMDA (both MRI- and clinical-FMDA). A sensitivity analysis was also carried out using a definition with minimal MRI allowance (mimicking clinical practice treatment goals: no Gd+ lesions at Weeks 24 and 48 and ≤1 new or newly-enlarging T2 lesion at Week 48 compared with baseline).
 RESULTS: FMDA proportions were significantly higher in peginterferon beta-1a Q2W and Q4W groups versus placebo (overall-FMDA: 33.9% and 21.5% versus 15.1% [odds ratios, ORs: 2.89 and 1.55], p<0.0001 and p=0.010, respectively; MRI- FMDA: 40.9% and 24.9% versus 19.1% [both p<0.04], respectively; clinical-FMDA: 79.3% and 76.2% versus 68.4% [both p<0.010], respectively). Significantly more patients were overall- and MRI-FMDA on Q2W versus Q4W (ORs: 1.87 and 2.09, respectively [both p<0.0001]). Consistent results were seen when allowing for minimal MRI activity, with significance for peginterferon beta-1a Q2W and Q4W versus placebo, and Q2W versus Q4W (clinical+MRI ORs: 3.10, 1.48, and 2.10, respectively [all p<0.01]; MRI-only ORs: 3.29, 1.40 and 2.34, respectively [all p<0.02]).
 CONCLUSIONS: Post-hoc analyses of ADVANCE showed that proportions of patients with FMDA were significantly higher with peginterferon beta-1a Q2W at Year 1, versus placebo and peginterferon beta-1a Q4W.
 Study Sponsored by: Biogen Idec Inc. Disclosure: Dr. Arnold has received personal compensation for activities with Acorda Therapeutics, Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Biogen Idec, Coronado Biosciences, EMD Serono, Genentech Inc., Genzyme Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline Inc., MedImmune, NeuroRx Research. Dr. Arnold has received research support from Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Dr. Kieseier has received personal compensation for activities with Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corp., Schering AG, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics Corp., Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., and Teva Neuroscience. Dr Kieseier has received research support from Bayer Schering, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, and Teva Neuroscience. Dr. Sheikh has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec as an employee. Dr. Sheikh holds stock and/or stock options in Biogen Idec which sponsored research in which Dr. Sheikh was involved as an investigator. Dr. Deykin has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec as an employee. Dr. Deykin holds stock and/or stock options in Biogen Idec. Dr. Zhu has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec as an employee. Dr. Zhu holds stock and/or stock options in Biogen Idec, which sponsored research in which Dr. Zhu was involved as an investigator. Dr. Zhu holds stock and/or stock options in Elan. Dr. You has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec as an employee. Dr. Sperling has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec as an employee. Dr. Sperling holds stock and/or stock options in Biogen Idec. Dr. Hung has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec. Dr. Hung holds stock and/or stock options in Biogen Idec which sponsored research in which Dr. Hung was involved as an investigator.


An evaluation of Williams' (1972) culturally-specific intel ligence test, Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homo geneity (BITCH-100), was made and was compared with the Anglo-oriented Vocabulary Subtest of the California Achievement Test (CAT) and with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Revised Form (WISC-R). As predicted, Blacks generally scored higher on the BITCH-100, and Whites generally scored higher on the CAT and WISC-R. Absolute differences were smaller than in previous inves tigations, which suggests a continuing familiarization of Blacks with the content of Anglo-oriented tests. In addition, it was found that the method of testing (recognition versus identification) interacted with race and sex to such an extent that the relative position of both racial and sexual groups was reversed by the method of testing. It is suggested that the issues involved in the fair testing of different racial and sexual groups is more complicated than previously believed.