Genetic diversity was estimated among 39 genotypes of mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] using 30 RAPD primers. A total of 411 RAPD amplicons were obtained, of which 382 (92.9%) were polymorphic. The per cent polymorphism ranged from 42.85 to 100 per cent. A wide range (40.8 to 90.3%) of Jaccards similarity coefficient was observed between the pairs of genotypes; the highest being observed between MH-98-1 and Vs ML-839, and the lowest between UPM-98 and Vs ML-131. The genotypes with a common ancestry and/or used repeatedly in mungbean improvement programme exhibited higher genotypic similarity. The extent of diversity among cultivars was also studied in relation to their source, and set of genotypes with narrow genetic base developed from particular place were identified. The genotypes formed 11 clusters, three main groups and eight minor groups, based on unweighted pair group methods for arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The cultivar ML-131 occupied a unique position and was most diverse from rest of the genotypes. Principal coordinate analysis and normalized Mantel statistics (r=0.92) supported cluster analysis. A concordance was observed between the position of genotypes in the cluster and their pedigree information.


This study aims to determine and analyze: 1) the average proportion of remittances sent by migrant workers to their areas of origin; 2) the influence of education level, length of work, age and marital status on migrant workers' income and remittances; 3) the effect of education level, length of work, age, and marital status on migrant workers' remittances; and 4) the role of income in mediating the level of education, length of work, age and marital status of remittances sent to the area of origin by migrants. The research was conducted in Makassar City with a sample determination method, namely proportional stratified random sampling. The sample migrants are Makassar City migrant workers. The number of samples is 150 respondents. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis and associative analysis in the form of path analysis and Sobel test. The results showed that the proportion of minimum remittances sent by migrant workers in Makassar City was 0.04 percent, while the proportion of maximum remittances sent by migrant workers in Makassar City was 32.25 percent with an average of 3.08 percent of the total remittances. income. Education, work experience, age have a positive and significant effect on income. Education, age and marital status have a positive and significant effect on remittances sent. In addition, income is a mediating variable in the effect of family expenses and marital status on remittances sent to the area of


Abstract Partial structure factors and atomic distribution functions for liquid Fe75 B25 were determined for the Fe-Fe and Fe-B pairs by means of X-ray and neutron diffraction. The experimental results show a strong chemical short-range order in the melt which is similar to that of amorphous Fe75B25.


Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which may lead to multi-organ failure (MOF), is a major clinical problem in patients following accidental exposure to ionising radiation (IR). Although inflammatory "one hit" and "two hit" models have recently been proposed to account for the development of MOF, we are only just beginning to understand the complex pathophysiology of IR-induced MODS and MOF. This paper summarises the main findings of a recent panel discussion at "The Advanced Research Workshop on Radiation-induced Multi-organ Involvement and Failure: a challenge for pathogenetic, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and research", which was held on 14 November 2003 at the Science Conference Center at Schloss Reisensburg of the University of Ulm. This panel discussion focused on future molecular and clinical research priorities to improve our knowledge regarding possible initiation events following IR exposure that may lead to MODS. Additionally, specific recommendations for improving our understand...


Quasistatic magnetization switching of patterned 200 nm wide Ni81Fe19 elements has been systematically studied over a wide range of temperatures. In large aspect-ratio elements, the switching field between two bistable magnetization states decreases linearly as the temperature increases, in good agreement with thermally activated nucleation theory. In small aspect-ratio elements, however, switching occurs through a third stable state: the magnetization vortex state. Although the switching mechanism is drastically different in these small aspect-ratio structures, the switching fields also are linearly dependent on temperature.


Purpose – To investigate the influence of conical and annular nozzle geometric configurations on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics near the stagnation point of a flat plate with limited heated area.Design/methodology/approach – The conical and annular conical nozzles were designed such that the exit area of both nozzles is the same and the mass flow rate passing through the nozzles is kept constant for both nozzles. The governing equations of flow and heat transfer are modeled numerically using a control volume approach. The grid independent solutions are secured and the predictions of flow and heat transfer characteristics are compared with the simple pipe flow with the same area and mass flow rate. The Reynolds stress turbulence model is employed to account for the turbulence. A flat plate with a limited heated area is accommodated to resemble the laser heating situations and air is used as assisting gas.Findings – It is found that nozzle exiting velocity profiles differ considerably ...


We conducted a study to
assess the characteristics, treatment and outcomes associated with Clostridium difficile associated
diarrhea in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Fifty-eight consecutive
individual cases of C. difficile infection
in 2013 were observed within the Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System
(VA NJHCS). We molecularly typed all 58 individual strains and identified the
associated characteristics, treatment and
outcomes. Forty-four out of 58 specimens (76%) which
were probed had characteristics of the epidemic strain BI/NAP1/027 making
this virulent strain to be the predominate strain
at the VA NJHCS. All C. difficile BI/NAP1/027
strains were resistant to fluoroquinolones and sensitive to fidaxomicin,
metronidazole and vancomycin. Fidaxomicin had the most potent in vitro activity (MIC90 = 0.5 μg/ml) against the
BI/NAP1/027 strain. Twenty-six of 44 patients (59%) with the virulent strain were from a long-term care facility
(LTCF). Patients possessing the virulent strain from the LTCF had a mean APACHE
II score of 14.1 and a predicted death rate of 21.9%. Two-third of patients
were treated with metronidazole alone (mean APACHE II scores 9.6), and one-third required
oral vancomycin and metronidazole (mean APACHE II scores 14.1). There were no C.
difficile infection related deaths. C. difficile BI/NAP1/027, an epidemic strain, is the endemic strain at the
VA NJHCS, but no increased
mortality was seen with infection with this strain.


To realize high-precision detection of low-frequency vibration signals,a novel FBG-based accelerometer was designed with two Bragg gratings.Firstly,the sensitivity and resonant frequency was analyzed theoretically.Then,the acceleration response verse wavelength and the resonance characteristic were numerically analyzed by ANSYS numerical software.Finally,according the analysis result,the sensor was designed and its amplitude-frequency characteristic,linear response,temperature compensation and ability of resisting transverse interference in the cross-axis were researched experimentally.Experimental results indicate that the sensor has good flat response from 10 to 130Hz,and the sensitivity is 231.48pm/g with a linear fitting of 99.98%.The temperature compensation from 60℃to-20℃is realized triumphantly.And,the sensor has good ability to resist transverse interference while the transverse importing error can be less than 3.47%.


Based on the statistic data,this paper analyzes the strategies employed in dictation by the sophomores,who major in science and engineering in Nanchang University.Also,a comparison is made to find the differences in the strategy use between the high score and low score listeners.The result shows that the affective strategy is used frequently while the social strategy is less employed.The variation exists between the high score and the low score groups.This study has its pedagogical and practical implications.


Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices plays a vital role in improving the power system performance, both the static and dynamic, and enhanced the system loading capability by rerouting the power flow in the network. However, the location of these devices in the system plays a significant role to achieve such benefits, and also due to excessive cost these devices must be located optimally. This paper presents a new evolutionary optimization technique namely Differential Evolution (DE) for finding out the optimal number, the optimal locations, and the optimal parameter settings of multiple Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) devices to achieve a maximum system loadability in the system with minimum installation cost of these device and compare its performance with Genetic Algorithm (GA) techniques. The voltage limits for the buses and the lines thermal limits are taken as constraints during the optimization. For validate of the proposed technique simulations are performed on IEEE 6-bus and IEEE 14-bus power systems. The obtained results show that TCSC is one of the most effective series compensation devices that can significantly increase the system loadability. Also the results indicate that DE is an easy to use, fast, and robust optimization technique compared with genetic algorithm (GA).


ABSTRACT Objectives It is hypothesized that the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) may be lower with ferric carboxymaltose than iron dextran because of its non-dextran carbohydrate moiety. This study compares the risk of HSRs between iron dextran and ferric carboxymaltose. Methods This was a retrospective pharmacoepidemiological study with a case–population design covering 2008–2017. Global exposure data were estimated using IQVIA™ sales data. Spontaneously reported HSR data were retrieved from the World Health Organization database (VigiBase™) using different search criteria including: the Standardized MedDRA® Query (SMQ) 'Anaphylactic reaction'; type I–IV HSR terms; narrow terms for anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions; and cases with a fatal outcome. Results Total exposure in 100 mg doses was 117.3 million for iron dextran and 84.2 million for ferric carboxymaltose. The relative risk (with 95% confidence interval) for ferric carboxymaltose versus iron dextran was 4.18 (3.88–4.50) for SMQ Anaphylactic reaction; 12.9 (9.90–16.7) for type I–IV HSRs; 1.72 (1.45–2.04) for anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions; and 1.92 (1.24–2.99) for death. Conclusion The risk of spontaneously reported HSRs was consistently higher with ferric carboxy-maltose than with iron dextran over the period 2008–2017. Thus, this study does not support that dextran-free intravenous irons are associated with fewer HSRs than iron dextran.


In this study, we classify wind patterns that impacted PM10 concentrations in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), South Korea, from 2012 to 2016 and analyze their contributions to annual variability in particulate matter smaller than 10 μm in diameter (PM10). Using a k-means clustering analysis, we identify major wind patterns affecting PM10 concentrations from 2002 to 2016. We confirm that the impact of wind pattern changes on PM10 variability in the SMA from 2012 to 2016 was relatively greater than the impact from 2002 to 2011. We find that PM10 from 2012 to 2016 was mainly affected by wind patterns that were 1) associated with the transport of foreign emissions (our clusters H2, H4, and H5) and 2) favorable for ventilation (our clusters L1 and L2). This finding shows that PM10 variability was determined by overall variations in the respective wind patterns particularly associated with high (over 80 μg m−3) and low (below 30 μg m−3) PM10 concentrations. The results from 2012 to 2016 CMAQ simulations indicate that the effects of meteorological conditions (e.g., wind, temperature, humidity, and so on) on PM10 vary from year to year. The calculated PM10 anomalies from 2012 to 2016 were −4.97, 3.55, 1.73, 0.15, and −0.46 μg m−3, suggesting that the wind patterns in 2012 produced the least PM10 and those in 2013 produced the most.


Both neural blockade (spinal or epidural) have been shown to reduce the risk of thrombogenesis after both hip and knee arthroplasty. The mechanism is most likely due to enhanced blood flow in the deep venous system of the legs. Reduction in blood loss during and after surgery may also play a role. Intraoperative heparin during hip and knee arthroplasty in doses of 10-15 U/kg suppresses thrombogenesis without increasing the risk of bleeding. Both these modalities are focused intraoperatively—the period when thrombi initially form.


In the recent times, one can witness a radical change in the digitalization of the world, which is taking place especially in India. Expediency, multipurpose and advanced benefits to the consumers have significantly contributed to the success of new technology. In the new Indian digital world, an increased number of people have started using e-wallets for their basic needs like medicines, grocery items and vegetables, etc. While a lot of online spending through digital wallets was happening before Covid 19 outbreak, the fact remains that 50% were made by using cash on delivery. But due to pandemic Covid 19, it also helped to revive this online spending through e-wallets. Thus emergence of e-wallets is very important. This has generated the need to study consumer perception towards e-wallets. With the help of Chi Square, the study came to the conclusion that there was significant association between Gender, Age, Educational Qualification, Income and Profession and different brands of e-wallets.


In academic writing, authors must separate opinion from facts and assess their arguments suitably and convincingly, the expressing of uncertainty and certainty is critical. This research investigates the usage of hedges and boosters in research articles from three disciplines: engineering, social science, and midwifery. This study carries three issues: what are the language forms of hedges and boosters in abstracts of journal articles of multi-disciplinary science at Tulungagung University, how often hedges and boosters are used and how their meaning reflects the writer's level of assurance in the information given. The research design used in this study is descriptive-qualitative. The data taken were from in the past five years (from 2017 to 2022) as its primary sources of data. The researcher used random sampling and took ten articles of each science. There were thirty papers contributed by the lecturers who submitted their journal articles to the Tulungagung University repository (https://repository.unita.ac.id/). This study concluded that abstracts of journal articles in midwifery science were the highest among the other sciences. The second most used of hedges was also found in engineering sciences and the lowest usage was from social science. This finding is not relevant to (Vázquez Orta & Giner, 2008) conclusion that Hedging is more common in disciplines driven by socially manufactured, abstract data and less often in fields driven by real data. The findings of this study generally validated Salager- Meyer's assertion that it is crucial and extremely important to be able to navigate scientific language. In contrary, the highest booster frequencies were found in social science, and then the second was in midwifery science. The lowest was in engineering science. It appears that the boosters are being used to convey a high level of confidence in the conclusions that can be drawn from the outcomes of the study that was carried out. In other instances, the boosters appear to serve as rhetorical devices that are designed to express the author's view as if it were self-evident or as if it were a commonly acknowledged thought or truth. In social science which the author writes more argumentatively, boosters were needed to convey their ideas or opinions much more.


Selection of Fenvalerate-resistant (Fen-R) strain of Spodoptera litura was carried out, and the toxicity of novel oxime insecticides to Fen-R strain was tested in the laboratory. The results showed that the resistant times of Fen-R strain obtained by single-pair mating and mass screening for successive three generations to Fenvalerate reached to 101.74, being 2.17-fold of that before selection, Fen-R strain had significant interactive resistance to Acephate and Carbosulfan; LC-(50) value of Fenvalerate against relative sensitive strain obtained by single-pair mating screening for successive two generations decreased from 126.34μg/mL to 46.89μg/mL. The toxicity of novel oxime insecticides HNPC-A9835, A9908 and A9955 to Fen-R strain of S.litura was significantly greater than that of Acephate and Carbosulfan, and the toxicity of HNPC-A9955 to Fen-R strain was superior to that of Fenvalerate.


Development of general theories and subsequent empirical testing are fun- damental ingredients in ecological science. The progress of such efforts is determined by the logical coherence among central concepts, theories, and predictions on one hand, and experimental design, statistical analyses, and interpretation of results on the other. Here, we specifically explore an example of how differences in the way ecological concepts are defined lead to differences in the formulation and statistical testing of hypotheses and ultimately to differences in conclusions about the relative importance of ecological pro- cesses. In marine intertidal habitats, the notion that wave exposure has an important structuring role is widely agreed upon. Nevertheless, generalizations about its effects and use for accurate prediction of assemblages are often limited. This may partly be explained by the frequent use of categorical rather than quantitative definitions of wave exposure. We com- pared the conclusions about the importance of wave exposure from (1) analyses of variance based on relative classification of wave exposure and geographic location to those of (2) regression analyses based on continuous measures from 16 locations on the Swedish west coast. Variability in richness was substantially better explained by the regression analyses, while for the cover of individual taxa there was no consistent difference between the two analytical approaches in terms of explained variability. The two approaches detected sig- nificant spatial patterns for the same taxa, but conclusions about the nature of these patterns were often divergent. Categorical analyses of relative measures of wave exposure and geographic location indicated that interactive effects and differences between geographic areas were predominant. Regression analyses of absolute, continuous measures suggested that mean significant wave height was a better predictor than geographic location and interactive terms. Thus, the choice of definition of wave exposure has important conse- quences for how causes of spatial patterns of intertidal assemblages are perceived. Cate- gorical analyses appear to provide clearer indications as to which factors are important while the use of continuous predictors sometimes provides a better fit to the data. The consequences of these findings are discussed in the context of rocky shore ecology as well as in a general perspective of ecological models, hypotheses, experimentation, and analysis.


A balanced complex chromosome rearrangement (CCR) involving four chromosomes is very rare and may lead to different types of aneuploid germ cells. We report a liveborn child with multiple congenital anomalies and an apparently balanced translocation, t(11;12). High resolution chromosome analysis in the mother showed a CCR involving chromosomes 5, 11, 12, and 16. In situ hybridisation showed that this CCR was the result of a five break rearrangement, and that the derivative chromosome 12 consisted of parts of chromosomes 5, 11, and 12. From this it could be deduced that the karyotype of the child was not balanced, but resulted in partial trisomy for Sq and partial monosomy for 12p. The clinical findings in the child were compatible with partial trisomy for 5q. (J Med Genet 1992;29:739-41) Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. C J A M Van Der Burgt G F M Merkx A H Janssen R F Suijkerbuijk D F C M Smeets Department of Paediatrics, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands. J C Mulder Correspondence to Dr Van Der Burgt. Received 19 December 1991. Revised version accepted 31 March 1992. Balanced reciprocal translocations between two chromosomes are relatively common, occurring in about 1 in 600 newborns.' However, balanced complex chromosome rearrangements (CCR) involving four or more breakpoints are very rare. A balanced CCR can lead to various forms of aneuploidy during meiosis in the carrier. Such genetic imbalances will often result in fetal wastage or sometimes even lead to infertility. However, on a few occasions, such an imbalance may give rise to a liveborn child with multiple congenital anomalies.2 We report a child with partial duplication of 5q and deletion of 12p as a result of a very complex rearrangement involving chromosomes 5, 11, 12, and 16 in the mother. Case report The male proband was born in 1990, the second child of healthy, non-consanguineous, Dutch parents. The pregnancy was complicated by a haemorrhage in the fourth month and growth retardation. At 36 weeks' gestation he was born spontaneously, with a birth weight of 1610 g (<3rd centile) and head circumference of 28-5 cm (< 3rd centile). Multiple congenital anomalies were noted at birth including microcephaly with closure of the coronary and sagittal suture, cleft palate, hypertelorism, high nasal bridge, long, simple philtrum, thin upper lip, small mouth, low set, dysmorphic ears, small palpebral fissures, hypospadias, small scrotum, oesophageal atresia, a ventricular septal defect, and a large atrial septal defect (fig 1). On the second day cardiac and respiratory distress occurred and the child died on the fourth day. Necropsy was not permitted. There is no cell line available from the patient.


The distance between the recognition and cleavage sequences is long for many commercially available Type IIS endonucleases which limits their utilization for manipulation of DNA. Type IIS endonucleases are monomeric (single proteins) [6]. The recognition domain and cleavage domain are separated from each other. For FokI, a Type IIS endonuclease, two domains even can be separated into two fragments by trypsin digestion [6]. The cleavage domain of FokI has been linked to different specific DNA binding proteins, resulting in "artificial" endonucleases that cut DNA close to their predetermined site [7].


Estimation of the variance of AWGN is important to the initialization of iterative decoder, such as Turbo code and LDPC code. Hence this paper puts forward a low-complexity and effective blind Gaussian variance estimator for MPSK and MQAM. The algorithm is derived from empirical characteristic function and provides a good un-biased estimation despite the knowledge of modulation type, as is proved by computer simulations.


The first-ever dual-frequency multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) polarimetric measurements over boreal forests and lakes from the stratosphere are presented. Data were collected during the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB)/European Space Agency (ESA) sponsored Balloon Experiments for University Students (BEXUS) 19 stratospheric balloon experiment using the P(Y) and C/A ReflectOmeter (PYCARO) instrument operated in closed-loop mode. Maps of the polarimetric ratio for L1 and L2 Global Positioning System (GPS) and GLObal Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS), and for E1 Galileo signals are derived from the float phase at 27,000 m height, and the specular points are geolocalized on the Earth's surface. Polarimetric ratio (Grl/Grr) maps over boreal forests are shown to be in the range 2-16 dB for the different GNSS codes. This result suggests that the scattering is taking place not only over the soil, but over the different forests elements as well. Additionally to the interpretation of the experimental results a theoretical investigation of the different contributions to the total reflectivity over boreal forests is performed using a bistatic scattering model. The simulated cross- (reflected Left Hand Circular Polarization LHCP) and co-polar (reflected Right Hand Circular Polarization RHCP) reflectivities are evaluated for the soil, the canopy, and the canopy-soil interactions for three different biomass densities: 725 trees/ha, 150 trees/ha and 72 trees/ha. For elevation angles larger than the Brewster angle, it is found that the cross-polar signal is dominant when just single reflections over the forests are evaluated, while in the case of multiple reflections the co-polar signal becomes the largest one.


Abstract Methionine is an essential amino critical to many cell functions including the synthesis of proteins. Supplementation of methionine in vivo is typically through L-methionine, DL-methionine, or a methionine hydroxy analog (MHA). The goal of this study was to compare the function of L-methionine, DL-methionine, and an MHA as a source of methionine to myoblasts in vitro. Avian myoblasts isolated from turkey embryos were plated in media containing varying concentrations of DL-methionine (DLM; 1.125 mg/mL or 0.56 mg/mL) or methionine hydroxy analog (MHA; 1.28 mg/mL or 0.64 mg/mL) as well as a methionine deficient negative control group and an L-methionine supplemented positive control group. The results of the proliferation assay exhibited cell division in the absence of methionine which was not significantly different than the positive control group. Results from the myoblast fusion assay revealed significantly greater myotube diameter between methionine supplemented groups compared to the methionine deficient negative control. The findings of this study show an ability for avian myoblasts to proliferate in the absence of methionine, the significance of which is discussed. Additionally, findings from the fusion assay suggest that DL-methionine and MHA are potential cost-effective substitutes for methionine supplementation during terminal differentiation of avian myoblasts.


Big data is a popular topic on cloud computing research. The main characteristics of big data are volume, velocity and variety. These characteristics are difficult to handle by using traditional softwares and methods. Hadoop is open-source framework software which was developed to provide solutions for handling several domains of big data problems. For big data analytic, MapReduce framework is a main engine of Hadoop cluster and widely used nowadays. It uses a batch oriented processing. Apache also developed an alternative engine called "Tez". It supports an interactive query and does not write temporary data into HDFS. In this paper, we focus on the performance comparison between MapReduce and Tez. We also investigate the performance of these two engines with the compression of input files and map output files. Bzip is a compression algorithm used for input files and snappy is used for map output files. Word-count and terasort benchmarks are used in our experiments. For the word-count benchmark, the results show that Tez engine always has better execution-time than MapReduce engine for both of compressed data or non-compressed data. It can reduce an execution-time up to 39% comparing with the execution time of MapReduce engine. In contrast, the results show that Tez engine usually has higher execution-time than MapReduce engine up to 13% for terasort benchmark. The results also show that the performance of compressing map output files with snappy provides better performance on execution time for both benchmarks.


We report on the catalyst-free growth and the photoluminescent (PL) properties of ultrafine ZnO nanorods. Employing metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition, we prepared ultrafine ZnO nanorods, with very thin diameters below 10 nm, on Si substrates at growth temperatures of 800 ‐ 1000 C without using any metal catalyst. Synchrotron radiation X-ray diraction and transmission electron microscopy measurements revealed that those nanorods were single crystalline. Furthermore, from the PL spectra of the ultrafine ZnO nanorods, a systematic blue-shift in their PL peak position was observed with decreasing diameter, presumably due to the quantum-confinement eect along the radial direction in ZnO nanorods.


The symmetry groups for the symmetry minimum functions often coincide with the Euclidean normalizer (Cheshire group) of the space group of the related crystal structures — but sometimes they do not, as the table in this paper shows.


A simple current-sensitive detector which can be used at liquid-helium temperatures is described. It employs Josephson tunnelling and can be easily built in an undergraduate laboratory. The detector itself can be used to observe flux quantization and quantum mechanical interference, or if used in a suitable bridge circuit, to investigate superconducting transitions.


The multielement biomonitoring surveys, using suitable plant biomonitors [1] can provide information about long-term and large-scale atmospheric deposition rates of elements. The large-scale biomonitoring programs using selected bioindicators were introduced in Slovakia in the end of 1980s. The bioindicators are commonly available elsewhere in the landscape, and the bioindicated air quality parameters can be related to the particular sampling sites within the ecosystems. mosses and foliage of forest tree species [2,3] as biomonitors of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals began in Slovakia more than 30 years ago, in connection with the problems of dying forests.


Topographic relationships between two point locations are their intervisibility. Intervisibility is a spatial analysis of the source point (observer) which may be on some height; to destination point (target) and all intermediate points residing along this line. This process of source point to destination point intervisibility along the line could be extended to viewshed analysis by calling the function recursively from the source point to all boundary points of a circle over DEM image. Visibility analysis is of great importance in many fields such as sensor deployment, decision for placement of mobile tower for maximum coverage, military operation planning, gaming, fire monitoring tower in the forest etc. This paper proposes a slope and stationary point (local maxima/minima) based efficient algorithm and development of a plug-in utility in QGIS for viewshed analysis and its computation performance comparison with other open source software's similar utility application.


Contraction and energy metabolism are functions of skeletal muscles co‐regulated by still largely unknown signals. To help elucidating these interconnecting pathways, we are developing new cellular models that will allow to control the switch from a neonatal to an adult slow‐oxidative or fast‐glycolytic phenotype of myofibers, during in vitro differentiation. Thus, our purpose was to direct the differentiation of the newly characterized WTt clone, from a mixed towards either fast or slow phenotype, by modifying amounts of two transcription factors respectively involved in control of glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolism, namely HIF‐1α and PPARδ. Our data support the idea that HIF‐1α protein stabilization would favor expression of fast phenotypic markers, accompanied or not by a decreased expression of slow markers, depending on treatment conditions. Conversely, PPARδ over‐expression appears to enhance the slow‐oxidative phenotype of WTt myotubes. Furthermore, we have observed that expression of PGC‐1α, a coregulator of PPAR, is also modified in this cell line upon conditions that stabilize HIF‐1α protein. This observation points to the existence of a regulatory link between pathways controlled by the two transcription factors HIF‐1α and PPARδ. Therefore, these cells should be useful to analyze the balance between oxidative and glycolytic energy production as a function of phenotypic transitions occurring during myogenic maturation. The newly characterized murine WTt clone will be a good tool to investigate molecular mechanisms implicating HIF‐1α and PPARδ in the coordinated metabolic and contractile regulations involved in myogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 82–93, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The conventional Total Factor Productivity (TFP) measurement does not incorporate the effects of undesirable outputs, which are harmful to the environment. Using sugarcane farming in Kenya, this paper illustrates the differences between the conventional Malmquist index measures where the environment variable is not adjusted and environment-adjusted measures using both hyperbolic and directional distance functions. The mean TFP change estimates for the conventional Malmquist index, adjusted hyperbolic index and Luenberger indicator were 3.13%, 0.11% and 2.21%, respectively. The conventional non-adjusted measure lies between the two adjusted measures of hyperbolic index and Luenberger indicator.


Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court has been agreed on July 15, 1998 and even though the Statute has entered into force 12 years ago, many democratic nations have not signed or ratified it. This includes Indonesia, along with United States of America, Russia, and other countries. In terms of human rights protection, since year 2000 Indonesia has enacted Law No. 26 of 2000 on Human Rights Court. However, it has not sufficiently upheld human rights enforcement. The National Action Plan for Human Rights of Indonesia in 2004-2009 stated that the government expects to ratify the Rome Statute in 2008. Truthfully, the target has not been realized, thus in 2009-2014 the government pursues to ratify the Rome Statute in 2013. Indonesia encouraged ratifying the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in the legislation since there are several serious crimes committed, but the law enforcement is unable to investigate exhaustively. Based on the Statute, the court will take the cases from the country, which is unwilling and unable to investigate the case of human rights, if the state already ratifies the Statute. The type of this research is a normative legal research with Statute Approach and Case Approach. By using a qualitative descriptive method, this research will describe the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ratification in details related to regulations and conventions especially that related to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Finally, the result shows the reason why the ratification of Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court for Republic of Indonesia is very urgent and important.


The doping dependence of the most important optical transitions in n-type Ge (E0, Eind, E1, E1 + Δ1, E0′, and E2) has been studied using photoluminescence and UV-Vis ellipsometry methods. By using high activity Ge sources, such as Ge3H8 and Ge4H10, and new-generation doping precursors, including P(GeH3)3, As(GeH3)3, and SbD3, doping levels approaching 1.5 × 1020 cm−3 have been achieved with flat dopant profiles, abrupt n/i interfaces, and close-to-unity dopant activation ratios. The excellent sample quality enabled measurements over sufficiently broad doping ranges to demonstrate, contrary to prior assumptions, that the electronic energy bands do not shift rigidly upon doping and that the different contributions to bandgap renormalization are donor-dependent. It is also shown that simple models of band filling effects provide a quantitative explanation of the doping dependence of critical point parameters such as amplitudes and phase angles. The analysis presented here yields new insights into the physics of highly-doped semiconductor and should facilitate the design of novel Ge-based group-IV microelectronic and photoelectronic devices.The doping dependence of the most important optical transitions in n-type Ge (E0, Eind, E1, E1 + Δ1, E0′, and E2) has been studied using photoluminescence and UV-Vis ellipsometry methods. By using high activity Ge sources, such as Ge3H8 and Ge4H10, and new-generation doping precursors, including P(GeH3)3, As(GeH3)3, and SbD3, doping levels approaching 1.5 × 1020 cm−3 have been achieved with flat dopant profiles, abrupt n/i interfaces, and close-to-unity dopant activation ratios. The excellent sample quality enabled measurements over sufficiently broad doping ranges to demonstrate, contrary to prior assumptions, that the electronic energy bands do not shift rigidly upon doping and that the different contributions to bandgap renormalization are donor-dependent. It is also shown that simple models of band filling effects provide a quantitative explanation of the doping dependence of critical point parameters such as amplitudes and phase angles. The analysis presented here yields new insights into the physics...


Fourteen individuals participated in Imago relationship therapy (IRT) group training and intervention. The sessions were carried out at a public institution of higher education in the southwest and facilitated by a certified Imago therapist. The study followed an experimental–control group design. Findings indicate that while accurate empathy responding remained low, as well as constant, across time in the control group, participation in the IRT sessions strongly increased one's ability to accurately empathize with their partner/spouse. This study provides strong evidence for a theoretical goal of IRT, namely that it improves accurate empathic responding for individuals who have received the intervention.


The polarization of Th cells plays a critical role in regulation of immunological reaction. Imbalance of Th cell polarization counts for various diseases. The identification of parameters linked with Th1/ Th2 commitment including cytokine stimulation, antigen recognition, and transcriptional activation has been intensively studied, but precise mechanisms of the Th cell polarization are still unclear. IRF-4 binding protein (IBP), a new molecule which is associated with activation of Th and polarization of Th2 cells, provides a new clue for exploring molecular mechanisms of Th2 polarization.


The invention discloses a construction installation method for a fast-easy setback grid of a bottom plate construction joint, comprising the following steps of: (a) respectively installing an upper-layer reinforcing grid and a lower-layer reinforcing grid on the top surface and the bottom surface of the bottom plate construction joint; (b) installing a water-stop steel plate between the upper-layer reinforcing grid and the lower-layer reinforcing grid; (c) welding a plurality of upper-layer vertical reinforcing bars sequentially and longitudinally at intervals along the construction joint between the upper-layer reinforcing grid and the water-stop steel plate, and welding a plurality of lower-layer vertical reinforcing bars sequentially and longitudinally at intervals along the construction joint between the lower-layer reinforcing grid and the water-stop steel plate; and (d) respectively binding and connecting the upper part and the lower part of the fast-easy setback grid with the upper-layer reinforcing grid and the lower-layer reinforcing grid, and binding and connecting side walls of the fast-easy setback grid with the plurality of upper-layer vertical reinforcing bars and the plurality of lower-layer vertical reinforcing bars. By adopting the method provided by the invention, leakage is difficult to occur in the concrete pouring process, fewer steps are needed, the construction period is short and the comprehensive cost is low.


This study has two primary objectives. The first is to provide a detailed cost evaluation of the second generation of DOE heliostats, from which repowering heliostat designs are likely to be derived. A second objective is to provide an analytical foundation for the evaluation of futue heliostat designs. The approach taken for this study was to produce a cost estimate for the production of the McDonnell Douglas prototype design by generating estimates of the materials, labor, overhead, and facilities costs for two different production scenarios, 25,000 heliostats per year and 250,000 heliostats per year. The primary conclusion of this study is that the second generation of heliostat designs should cost approximately $100/m/sup 2/ at volumes of 25,000 units/year. This price falls to approximately $80/m/sup 2/ at volumes of 250,000 units/year. A second conclusion is that cost reduction begins at relatively low production volumes and that many production benefits can be obtained at production rates of 5,000 to 15,000 units/year. A third conclusion is that the SAMICS model and the SAMIS III program can be useful tools in heliostat manufacturing, costing, and economic studies.


List o f Abbreviations Preface Katrin Bottger/Tanja A. Borzel Northern Kosovo Is the Crux: Serbia's and Kosovo's Prospects for EU Membership Imke Pente Common, Double, or No Standards? How to Improve Minority Protection in Turkey through the Pressure o f the EU Gdzde Yilmaz The EU and Civil Society in Eastern Europe: Partners in the Pursuit o f Policy Change? Marietta Falkenhain/Iryna Solonenko Achieving Regulatory Convergence in the European Neighbourhood: What's the Right Toolbox? Julia Langbein The Process o f Visa Facilitation in the European Neighbourhood A Tool in Need o f Refinement Esther Ademmer The European Union and Democracy Promotion in the Mediterranean: Strategic Choices after the Arab Spring Vera van Hiillen A Leopard Can (Not) Change Its Spots: Promoting Environmental Policy in Morocco Eva-Maria Maggi Conclusion: The Power to Transform Lies in the Detail Tanja A. Borzel/Katrin Bottger Contributors 7


Mathematical evaluation of forces involved in formation of river beds, according to Law of Baer; Law states that on northern hemisphere all rivers exercise pressure against right bank, south of equator against left bank, affecting them more than corresponding opposite bank; mathematics is based on principle of dynamics regulating Coriolis Force.


There are proven and well established widely accepted techniques for concentration of chromite ores such as spiral concentration, jigs and shaking tables. However, these techniques become inefficient and complex when treating fine and ultrafine size particles (less than 75μm) resulting in this size fraction lost to the tailings. As a result, a wet magnetic separation technology for recovery of ultra-fine chromite (Cr2O3) from spirals tailings as a scavenger was investigated. The Middle Group Chromitite layer (MG) spiral tailings was characterized using XRF, XRD, SEM and screen sieves with the aim of determining the viability of using the wet high intensity magnetic separation technology. It was found that the material had a grind size of 39.20% passing 106μm. The size fraction below 106μm showed the chrome content averaging 33%. The grain size of between 1000μm and 106μm showed an average chromite content of 12.7%. The XRD results revealed that the sample is Magnesiochromite along with the different gangue minerals such as Quartz, Enstatite ferroan, F-Iron diiron. The chemical analysis of the head sample showed the presence of calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Iron and silica.


Malaysia is a federation which consists of 13 states and three federal territories. The federal constitution contains three lists of subjects: the federal list, state list and concurrent list (Ibrahim and Joned The Malaysian Legal System (1997)). Civil and criminal law, including family law, are within the competence of the federal government and legislature except for Muslim personal law and native law and custom which fall within the jurisdiction of the state government and legislature. In the states of Sabah and Sarawak, personal law is placed under the concurrent list.


An experimental investigation was performed to examine the effect of low energy impact damage on tension-compression fatigue properties of sandwich panels. The specimens consisted of a 9 mm thick Nomex honeycomb and face sheets of (0,± 45) and (± 45,0) Carbon/epoxy. Drop weight impact was applied to create internal laminate damage. In order to select an appropriate impact energy an impact investigation preceded the fatigue tests. For the fatigue specimens an impact energy was chosen which resulted in a barely visible damage. Constant amplitude fatigue tests were carried out at a stress ratio of R = -1 to determine the fatigue strength of impacted specimens. Damage propagation from the location of impact consisted of a combination of interlaminar delamination, fibre breakage and debonding of the laminate from the honeycomb.


Some of the elderly appeared to live happily, but not a few of them experienced the opposite. Old age lived with a sequential of unhappiness lead to any discomfort due to the decline in physical function. It affected the elderly unable to carry out primary and daily activities. The aimed of this research is to perceive the correlation social and spiritual support with the happiness of elderly inSabai Nan AluihSicincin nursing home.The study used descriptive correlation with cross sectional study design. The study was conducted at TresnaWerdhaSabai Nan Aluih nursing home Sicincin from 15 June to 11 July 2015. The population was 110 people with the sample of 82 respondents according required criteria. The results showed the average of social support of elderly in Sabai Nan Aluihnursing home 21.23, SD=3,548. The spiritual support mean score 47.83, SD= 4,427. The mean score of happiness 63,01 with SD= 4,804. Bivariate analysis used Pearson Product Moment Correlation test, it was found that the correlation between social support and the happiness of the elderly, (p = 0,001), the spiritual correlation and the happiness of elderly(p = 0,000). Therefore, it is expected that the nursing home should be more concerned about the spiritual health of the respondents, by providing media such as television to watch spiritual specific TV program activities after the dawn prayer for the positive outcome expected


Comparative interventional study to assess the effectiveness of alternative hot & cold compresses vs. Cold cabbage leaves on breast engorgement and pain among postnatal mothers. This study was carried out to asses leaves" application on breast engorgement and pain as despite of numerous strategies, there is lack of knowledge regarding the most effective method in treating breast engorgement mothers. A comparative interventional research design was used with convenience sampling technique consisted of 60 postnatal mothers out of which 30 subjects in the experimental group 1 were given intervention with application of alternati the experimental group 2 were given intervention with application of cold cabbage leaves. Assessment was done in terms of breast consistency and breast tenderness scores before intervention and at the end of demographic data and observational checklist for assessing breast consistency and tenderness. Analysis was done using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean breast in experimental group 1 had a decrease of 2.70 to 0.96 while mean score in experimental group 2 had decrease of only 2.80 to 1.50 (p < 0.001). Similarly in mean breast tenderness score in experimental group 1 had decrease of 5.73 to 1.00 decrease of only 6.30 to 2.70. Thus the study concluded that application of alternative hot and cold compresses are more effective than application of cold cabbage leaves in reducing breast engorg


A 2BO 4 perovskite_like ceramics has many new features on catalysis, anti_ferromagnetism, conductivity, super_conductivity and gas_sensitivity. In this work, La 2NiO 4 thin film, one of the perovskite-like ceramics, was prepared by means of the inorganic-sol-gel (ISG) method using nitrate as raw materials, citric acid as chelating agent and ethanol and water as solvent. The influences of atmosphere, sintering temperature and temperature protection time on the synthesis of La 2NiO 4 thin film were investigated. The film was sintered in N 2 atmosphere and at lower temperature (800 ℃) and possessed uniform grain distribution, high pore ratio as observed by SEM and p_type semiconductor behavior in nitrogen or oxygen atmosphere. The film was identified by XRD to have K 2NiF 4 type tetragonal crystal structure and the effects of stoichiometric relation, crystalline grain size, pore size and film thickness on gas sensitivity was obvious. The temperature coefficients of resistance and oxygen sensitivity for the optimized film are ≤7.2×10 -4 /℃ and ≥1.0×10 4 respectively.


The authors report the injection locking results of a long-pulse (200-400 ns) high power (20-30 MW) relativistic magnetron at 3.3 GHz. Phase-locking with reproducible locked angle was achieved with an injection power ratio as low as 1:200. The locked states were phase stable to within +or-30 degrees during the pulse. Phase locking physics was studied and important effects due to frequency pushing were identified. The locking bandwidth and the dependence of the final locked phase on injection parameters were measured and found to agree well with theory.<<ETX>>


In a recent study, L. Mero suggested a method for run-time modification of heuristic estimate of nodes. An algorithm, called B′, was presented. Performance of B′ was analysed under modifiable and admissible heuristics. It was claimed that B′ was an improved version of a polynomial time bound algorithm, namely B, originally due to Martelli. While in turn B was based on the Algorithm A introduced by Hart, Nilsson et al.
Surprisingly, it is observed that B′ can make exponential number of node expansions in the worst case. In particular B′ can make more node expansions than B and also than A! If heuristic is not admissible B′ can output worse solution that B (or A). Under the same framework of modifiable heuristics a new algorithm, called D, is proposed. It is shown that D makes polynomial number of node expansions in the worst case and always finds a solution which is at least as good as that found by B′ and B. Algorithm D is compared with Algorithm C presented by Bagchi and Mahanti. Algorithm C, in general, showed better performance than other algorithms. Here it is shown that C and D output same solution but D makes less number of node expansions than C. The admissibility condition is relaxed and results are proved under a general assumption that heuristic estimate is only non-negative.


The paper outlines the dimension and the configurat ion of the vast literary Caragialian lineage. This everlasting fluorescence of the Carag i li n texts in the flux of our literature definitely proves I.L. Caragiale's work's undeniabl e vitality. In order to identify all Caragialian traces both diachronically and synchron ically, i.e. to demonstrate that we could consider delimiting a distinctive Romanian literary t end, we have simultaneously applied more criteria to a large number of writers: the exi stence of certain ars poetica which can be seen as "patrilineal" documents confirming their au thors' adherence to the aesthetics of Caragialism, the act of re-creation and revaluation of typological, thematic or stylistic constituents of the Caragialian paradigm, the recog niti n and augmentation of elements of this paradigm, which anticipated literary currents of wide scope, such as the literature of the absurd and Postmodernism and, eventually, the remar kable effort to refine the Caragialian "hypotext" into Post-Caragialian "hypertexts" as ho mage paid to the great forerunner. Out of the combination of these criteria, there comes the conclusion that writers such as Al.O. Teodoreanu, Tudor Mu şatescu, Al. Kiri ţescu, Ion Băieşu, Mircea Eliade, Camil Petrescu, Liviu Rebreanu, Tudor Arghezi, I. Peltz, Gib.I. Mihăescu, Mircea Horia Simionescu, Urmuz, Eugen Ionescu can be affiliated to Post-Caragialism, not as epigones, but rather as worthy descendents with their own lit erary identity enriched by this original manner of assimilating our greatest playwright's l e son.


INTRODUCTION
We tried to make clear the role of sparing of the autonomous pelvic nerves during radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer stage IA-IIA. We compared the radicality, the possibility to introduce this type of operation, the level of local recurrence, the safety and the survival rate of these patients.

METHODS
We summarized 50 scientific publications in this field. We analyzed the level of local recurrence, survival rate and safety of this surgical technique.

RESULTS
The groups with or without nerve-sparing had comparable parameters and results. The sparing of the autonomous pelvic nerves from unilateral or bilateral part of the pelvis was possible in 70-85% of the patients. We found local recurrences in 5% without nerve-sparing operations and in 9,1% in radical hysterectomies with nerve sparing technique. Local recurrences in the group without sparing the nerve inervation appeared after 24 months, and in the group with nerve-sparing technique after 21 months. The duration of the operation and the blood loss were less in the group with nerve-sparing technique. The death and survival rate in both groups were equal.

CONCLUSIONS
As a result of our literature review and our own experience we consider that the sparing of the autonomous pelvic nerves in radical hysterectomies in early cervical cancer can be applied without problems and safely.


We formulate an approach to reconstruct surface circulation from a high-frequency (HF) radar data in open boundary areas. The approach uses flow decomposition through two scalar potentials, the self-consistent open boundary conditions, the cost function (penalty) for the validation of free model input and selective filter. The nowcast skill is enhanced through an ensemble averaging technique. The current nowcast in Monterey Bay was realized through the approach for August 1994. We demonstrate it has weak sensitivity to level of noise in the observations. The nowcast gives better understanding of inshore circulation, eddy activities and upwelling processes.


The solar and wind energy are the great sources to our world because they are clear and unexhausted. In recent decades so many generation farms had been constructed rapidly all over the world. How to evaluate the investment performance and make a better planning for a long term have becoming an important issue. In this paper we discuss and analysis these questions based on actual data take Germany as a case. We discuss the solar and wind energy utilization situation, the generating electricity ratio, and investigate the rules of solar and wind generation, address an approach to adjust solar generations and wind to take advantage of them. Present a scenario of mid-long term planning in power grid, in order to make use of renewable energy, especially solar and wind sources to satisfy the demand of energy for our society development rapidly.


Abstract : This report identifies the specific improvement actions required to bring an improved on-line SACS to fruition. The actions have been further broken into subtasks, dependency relationships have been established, and tasks have been identified as being either near-term (1-12 months) or long-term (up to 32 months). The report also contains a network schematic which portrays the sequence in which the SACS improvement work should be accomplished during the full 32 months of effort. (Author)


In the course of college students' development, the tutor's guidance plays an important role. By introducing the theory of paternalistic leadership styles and taking the personal initiative as a moderator variable, this paper explored how the undergraduate tutor guiding style influence on college students' growth. The results show that: (1) Kind type guidance and virtue type guidance has positive influence on college students' growth; (2) Authoritarian type guidance style has negative influence on college students' growth; (3) and personal initiative moderate the relationship between kind type guidance and college students' growth.


on textiles. It was written primarily for students of Home Economics and is an introduction to textile chemistry. 1'et it covers very well, and in simple, direct lunguage, the basic textile processes, the more important types of yarns and weaves, and the various natural and man-made fiher~. Thus, one is tempted to make it required reading for graduate students who plan to embark on careers in textile research. The later chapters of the book are exceptionally well done in setting forth the problems of the consumer, a field in which the author is


The results of an experimental study of a strongly wound free isothermal jet with a precessing vortex core are presented. It was found that the distribution of radial and tangential velocity components while moving away from the cut of the supply nozzle has a maximum that mirrors its position relatively to the central axis in step of 1 gauge due to the influence of vortex core on flow structure. It is shown that an axial component taken at different distances from the axis of the jet is characterized by the presence of positive and negative velocities in the initial section, separation of which corresponds to the outer and inner parts of the swirling jet, while velocity variation along the length of the jet has four distinct sections, that is caused by the existence of reverse currents zones, and change in the velocity along the axis of the stream indicates a nonlinear change in the shape of this zone.


The Government's economic policy has branded nearly a quarter of a million school‐leavers as unemployed and herded them into a dead‐end. The Government's social philosophy will ensure that they stay there. The situation will deteriorate further since the Government views the rising tide of unemployed school leavers as a short term phenomenon soon to go away. It won't. The evidence shouts aloud: there were 28,000 unemployed school leavers in 1968, 58,000 in 1971, 158,000 in 1975, and now 209,000 in 1976 and rising. Today, 20 per cent of young people under the age of 21 are without work.


The study is designed to find out the quality of translation from novel Little Women and its translations in Indonesian translated by man and woman (different gender). The reason why the researcher chose the topic is that there are differences of translation techniques applied by translators (different gender) in translating sexist language and it can affect the quality of translation. The aims of the study are (1) to find out the types of sexist language in the novel Litt le Women, (2) to find out the techniques of translation, (3) to analyze the quality of translation based on gender of translator. The study uses a descriptive qualitative method. In this case, the researcher collects, classifies, and describes the data using the method. To get the data, the writer read the English and the Indonesian novel carefully and identified the kinds of sexist language. The researcher got 170 data. After finding out the data from the English and Indonesian versions, the data were verified by the expert and the translations were analyzed by raters related to the quality of translation. The result of the analysis shows that there are 12 man as Standard, 116 women are different, 8 Non Human Terms, 20 Negative Words, and 20 Sex Role Descriptor. It's found different techniques of translation applied by translators as well as the quality of translation.


Superposition of hypoxia on 21 day bed rest did not worsen the impairment of skeletal muscle oxidative function induced by bed rest alone. A significant impairment of maximal oxidative performance was identified downstream of cardiovascular O2 delivery, involving both the intramuscular matching between O2 supply and utilization and mitochondrial respiration. These chronic adaptations appear to be relevant in terms of exposure to spaceflights and reduced gravity habitats (Moon or Mars), as characterized by low gravity and hypoxia, in patients with chronic diseases characterized by hypomobility/immobility and hypoxia, as well as in ageing.


Perhaps no piece of social legislation in the history of the United States has been as far-reaching and significant as the Social Security Act. Provisions of the act touch intimately the lives of almost every resident of the United States either in terms of taxes paid or benefits or services received. It is the purpose of this paper to review some of these programs, particularly those income-maintenance programs administered by the Social Security Administration, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.


Center-of-mass coordinates for 28 NASA MOTS and SAO Baker-Nunn camera sites have been obtained from optical flash data from Geos 1 (1965 89A) and Geos 2 (1968 002A). More than 25,000 observations in about 100 two-day arcs were used in dynamical solutions (SAO 1969 AGU gravity model). Comparison of results with local survey solutions and with solutions from deep-space vehicle tracking suggests accuracy of about 2 meters in longitude and height and 5 meters in latitude. The relatively larger error in latitude arose from propagation of gravity-model error largely along the track of these high-inclination satellites. The results have also been compared with the solutions of the SAO 1969 standard earth for station coordinates on the North American datum. The solution obtained in the present work is much closer to the survey results in chord length between stations.


The dacitic lava dome group (DLDG), located on the NNW and SSE flanks of Rishiri volcano, northern Hokkaido, has been considered to be the Tertiary basement or early volcanic products of the Rishiri volcano. Newly obtained K-Ar ages of the rocks from the DLDG are 0.133±0.008 Ma (Peshimisaki lava dome), 0.078±0.005 Ma (Fujino lava dome) and <0.1 Ma (Ishiyama lava dome). These ages suggest that the DLDG are the products of flank eruptions during the early stage of activity of Rishiri volcano, and that the structure of the volcanic eddifice must be revised from those of previous studies. In addition, the chemical compositions of volcanic rocks from adjacent regions has changed from low-K tholeiitic during the Tertiary to alkalic (high Na20) during the Quaternary.


In this letter, we propose the formulas that compute all the rational structural constants of the quantum Kahler subring of Fano hypersurfaces.


PURPOSE: A method of charging/recharging a secondary cell by rectifying transmitted microwave energy which may be supplied by an unmodified microwave oven into which it is placed is disclosed. CONSTITUTION: A secondary cell (24) or an article, such as a portable transceiver (10), containing a secondary cell is protected from the harmful effects of microwave energy using a Faraday cage (12) and an antenna (16) disposed outside the Faraday cage picks up the energy which is rectified using for a Schottky barrier diode (26). Optionally the secondary cell may be disposed outside the oven (18) and the rectified current is supplied from the interior of the oven by way of conductors and/or a suitable connector.


As computing technology has been recently widely adopted, most computing devices provide security-related services as basic requirements, which is an important research issue for sustainability of computing devices. The rapid increase of software components makes it difficult to detect or prevent vulnerabilities in the large-size software. One of the prominent approaches for ensuring secure service is the isolation of service which allows the related code and data to be executed only in a particular area. In this paper, we provide a secure service provisioning platform for hypervisor systems. The main contribution of the proposed framework is to enhance the previous secure service provisioning platform in order to solve the non-preemption problem of secure services. Thus, the proposed framework improves the security isolation service in hypervisors and can be used for fine-grained secure service in secure embedded systems.


DAVID BOOTH. KAREN RECZUCH. Illustrator. THE DUST BOWL. Toronto: Kids Can Press (1996). Ages 4 - 9. $16.95. 32 pp. ISBN 1-5-5074-295-7


It is shown that electrical fast transients (EFT) on the AC power line can result in electrical overstress (EOS) damage to a Class 0 ESD sensitive device connected to the output of AC powered equipment. A methodology for measuring EFT and EOS transients is described and simulations are used to understand coupling mechanisms. Finally, several techniques for reduction of the EOS transient are tested and analyzed.


The aim of the present study was to investigate Proteus vulgaris infections in Nile tilapia, and red swamp crayfish and homologous and heterologous-species susceptibility of both Nile tilapia and Red swamp crayfish. Eight isolates of suspected Proteus vulgaris were recovered from 6 fish out of 50 Nile tilapia collected from fish pond in Assiut Governorate. While, 12 isolates were recovered from 12 red swamp crayfish. Suspected isolates were identified as P. vulgaris . The pathogenicity of P. vulgaris to Nile tilapia and red swamp crayfish were experimentallly studied and revealed that an increase in the susceptibility to infection was observed in Nile tilapia experimentally infected with the P.vulgaris isolated from fish when compared to those infected with a strain isolated from red swamp crayfish. The mortality rates were 53.33and 33.33% respectively, by the end of the challenge. Equivalent experiments demonstrated that P.vulgaris isolated from the Nile tilapia was more virulente to red swamp crayfish than that isolated from crayfish. The mortality rates were 66.67% and 33.3% respectively.


To provide a mechanism for tracking the load instruction is deallocated. A processor is, the load instruction in the instruction set in the issue queue to detect whether or not a mistake. In response to the miss of the load instruction, the instruction scheduler, allocates a load instruction to load miss queue, to deallocate the load instruction from the issue queue. Instruction scheduler determines whether the dependency entry for the load instruction exists in the issue queue portion of the dependence matrix. In response to the dependencies entry for the load instruction is present in the issue queue portion of the dependence matrix, the instruction scheduler, from dependency entry of the issue queue portion of the dependence matrix, to specify the dependent instruction set that is dependent on the load instruction read the data, the data is written to the new entry in the load miss queue portion of the dependence matrix. .FIELD 4


We draw insight into the neutron star structure and characteristics from the neutron structure. The eigenvectors of the special unitary group, SU(3), describing baryons, imply that neutron quarks reside on three faces of a tetrahedron. The tetrahedral structure accounts for the neutron magnetic moment and mass. Thus, we reason that neutrons precipitate with aligned magnetic moments into the triakis truncated tetrahedron tessellation under immense gravitational pressure. As the particle's tetrahedral symmetry does not match the crystal's rhombic symmetry, the total magnetic moment invariably misaligns with the star's spinning axis. We infer further from the neutron structure that with increasing gravitational pressure, two neutrons condense into the same tetrahedron. Due to doubling density, the contracting star spins up abruptly but then settles down slowly as the gradients in density smoothen. As down quarks are positioned for pairwise fusions into anti-up quarks in the dineutron, we reason that tetraquark indeed forms as gravitational pressure increases further. The star balances the accompanying loss of mass by spinning down suddenly but recovers as the gradients in density smoothen again. Ultimately, when gravitational pressure increases even more, the anti-up quarks will annihilate with up quarks. As the core becomes ever more structured, such high-energy events fade out, and eventually, only magnetic field-collimated radio-frequency dissipation drives the spin down. The nuclear moments manifest fully in a magnetar, free from floating, hence counteraligning baryonic matter. In conclusion, the neutron structure makes sense of the neutron star density, magnetism, beams at an angle to the spinning axis, and pulsing transients, and paves the way for making sense of reactions in a black hole.


Variable temperature and high data point density measurements of 1H–31P cross-polarization kinetics in the powdered ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) have been carried out in the range of −40 °C to +90 °C upon 7 and 10 kHz MAS. The advanced route of processing CP MAS kinetic data has been developed. It is based on reducing the incoherent far range order spin couplings and extracting the CP oscillatory term with the sequent mathematical treatment. The proper replica has been found, which allowed to reduce the Fourier-Bessel (Hankel) transform calculating the angularly averaged and purely distance-depending spin distribution profile to the routine Fourier transform. The shortest 31P–1H distances determined by CP MAS kinetics get between the values obtained by neutron and X-ray diffraction, whereas those for more remote protons are slightly larger. The changes in P⋯H distances are hardly noticeable, though a certain trend to increase upon the heating can be deduced. The clearly pronounced effect was the in...


Phosphoproteome studies are hampered by the lack of methods which allow a comprehensive and fast analysis of intact phosphoproteins. Here we describe an immobilized metal‐affinity chromatography (IMAC)‐based technique for the enrichment of phosphorylated proteins, which allows recovery of up to 90% of phosphoproteins. This technique is compatible with 2‐DE and can be applied to cultured cells and tissues.


Munster, Germanys bleak hardcore band JUNGBLUTH has transformed into an atmopsheric post punk act CRIMINAL BODY and theyve just premiered their new ...


The clinical diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) depends on rating scale evaluation, which introduces subjectivity. Thus, objective indicators of ASD are of great interest to clinicians. In this study, we sought biomarkers from resting‐state electroencephalography (EEG) data that could be used to accurately distinguish children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children.


Projects are supposed to foster innovation and flexibility and to create better conditions for learning. Accordingly, project work usually has a positive connotation for both, firms and the individ...


The membership of the Teratology Society has made important contributions to the field of birth defects research through both individual and Society contributions. It has been unusual for the Teratology Society to establish a position or to make public statements. The last public statement by the Teratology Society was regarding the Delaney Clause and the dificulty of drawing inferences concerning human exposures based upon animal exposures (Teratology Society, '74). With the increasing requirements for au. thorative information in the field of birth defects research and public awareness, it was recognized that the Teratology Society had the responsibility, through i t s members, to provide counsel to the public and governmental agencies. Of major concern to many members of the Teratology Society, as reflected in a recent editorial in the journal Teratohgy (Shepard et al., '86) is the use of excessive amounts of vitamin A supplements. To address this important issue of megadose vitamin A use by women in their reproductive years, the membership of the Teratology Society through the Council of the Society has commissioned the Public Affairs Committee of the Teratology Society to develop a position paper on the use of vitamin A during pregnancy. In July of 1986. the Public Affairs Committee appointed a Drafting Committee of experts in the field of vitamin A and teratology work with the chairperson of the Public Affairs Committee. David Kochhar, Ph.D., from Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia; Edward Lammer, M.D.. from Harvard University in Boston; and Thomas Shepard, M.D., from the University of Washington, Seattle, were the individuals who drafted the initial document. More than 60 reviewersteratologists. nutritionists. basic and clinical scientists, government scientists and regulators a t the state and national level, epidemiologists, industrial scientists, obstetricians, and pediatricans provided essential discussion and suggestions for the document. The Public AiTairs Committee was most appreciative of the scientists who provided this essential information, especially those who are not members of the Teratology Society. Such general support for the formulation of this document has encouraged the Public Affairs Committee to provide this document to all interested parents, scientists, manufacturers, and government regulators.


I was a doctoral student in the Organizational Behavior (OB) Ph.D. program in the Graduate School of Business (GSB) from 1984 to 1989 and a faithful participant in the annual Stanford Organizations Conference at Asilomar, on the shores of the Pacific. I worked under the guidance of Professors Joanne Martin, Rod Kramer, Robert Sutton, and James March. I also benefited from the support and guidance of sociology professor Richard Scott in his capacity as director of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and National Institute of Aging (NIA) Fellows Training Program in which I was a pre-doctoral fellow from 1985 to 1988. The reflections that follow are based primarily on my experience as a student during this vibrant period, although, as a current a faculty member within the School of Education at Stanford, I cannot resist drawing occasional comparisons between the organizations community then and now.


In the present work adifferent of new heterocyclic  compounds were synthesized by reaction of thiosemicarbazide with tow aldehydes (4-bromo benzaldehyde,2-chloro benzaldehyde). the reacting `of compounds(1,2)  with ethyl chloroacetate to give 3-[(arylidene)amino]-2-sulfanyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one (3,4) which treating with defferent aldehydes togive chalcones  . the compound (3) reacted with ethyl aceto acetate to give ethyl 4-aryl-1-[(4-bromo benzylidene)amino]-6-oxo-2-sulfanyl-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate,and in series of reaction converted into a variety of derivatives. The prepared compounds were characterized by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy.further more antibacterial activity of some the prepared  new cyclic compounds were evaluated against three types of bacteria


Abstract : An investigation is reported of the tactical use capability of the F4H-1 and F8U-3 Weapon Systems. In Volumes I and III of this series, the effective attack zones for perfectly vectored, co-altitude attacks were presented. Selected samples of plots of parameter variations during the various fire control runs were presented. This volume is a continuation of the parameter plots for these co-altitude attacks. All runs presented are for the system employing the current AI radar (AN/APQ-50 or XN-2, AN/APQ-72). These runs originate at the 85% probability of detection point for this radar (12-13 naut mi head-on against B-47 size target). (Author)


Firms rely on new product development to succeed in competitive global markets. Competition forces these firms to launch more innovation products in shorter periods of time. However, owing to complexity of product development and innovation, it is difficult to model product development process with traditional modelling tools, such as directed graph, Petri-Nets and so on. Design Structure Matrix (DSM) has attracted extensive attention among scholars due to its visual and compact matrix expression format. This paper first reviews four types of DSMs and their applications in engineering; and then, several algorithms (i.e. partitioning, tearing, banding, clustering) are introduced in brief; after that, the applications of DSM in concurrent engineering, virtual enterprise and other fields are introduced. In addition, hybrid model of four DSM types as well as numerical DSM (NDSM) and its applications are discussed. Finally, the limitations and expansions of DSM are made as the promising area for further research.


TPS586Background: Chemoradiotherapy(CRT) is a SOC for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who refuse or are not fit for radical cystectomy. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are known t...


Objective To explore the effect of residual UDG on all dU-DNA PCR products. Methods The hybridization percentage of dU-DNA PCR products, which were stored at 37℃ for 20 hours as well as at -20℃,4℃,room temperature and 37℃,respectively, were detected by employing microplate hybridization technique. The effect of inactivating the products at 94 ℃ for 10 minutes on the activity of Taq polymerase was also analysed. Results Compared with the control, A value decreased by 13.281% and 20.557%, respectively after adding 0.2u and 10u UDG (P0.01). A value of the products inactivated at 94 ℃ and hybridized at 37℃ decreased by 5.54% compared with hybridized at -20℃, and A value of the products not inactivated at 94 ℃ decreased by 10.345%. A value was 98.714% when the products were predenatured at 94 ℃ for 30 seconds, and 96.818% for 10 minutes. Conclusion The results indicated that the inactivation of PCR products at 94 ℃ played an important role in the conservation of PCR products through inactivating UDG and the other enzymes from different sources.


This paper aimed at test combined effect of competition and ownership. We develop a SS-C-P framework. The result shows market competition and ownership status have important influence on market performance, market competition and ownership change mutually have a positive effect on quantity growth and labor productivity. Market competition and effectual ownership are complementary.


Studies in our laboratory and elsewhere require the analyses of stable lead (Pb) isotopes at sub-ppb levels as tracers of lead metabolism and therapeutic chelation treatment in animal models and humans. While analytical alternatives such as thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) provide excellent isotope measurement sensitivity and precision, TIMS is not well-suited for rapid throughput of large numbers of biological samples. Here we report the development of an inductively coupled plasma magnetic sector mass spectrometry (Finnigan MAT Element) method, possessing suitable lead isotope measurement sensitivity and precision for use in biologically stable lead isotope tracer studies in which the natural relative abundance of one or more isotopes (i.e., 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, or 208Pb) has been enriched by >5%. Standard reference materials (SRMs) NBS 981 lead isotope standard and four different NIST biological SRM materials were spiked with bismuth-209 as an internal standard, and analyzed at lead concentrations of 1–10 ppb. The method consisted of 300 passes per sample for masses 201, 204, 206, 207, 208 and 209, with a total analysis time of about five minutes per sample. Concentrations for 204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, and 208Pb were determined by comparison to a certified lead concentration standard that had been isotopically characterized by TIMS. Analyses of lead concentrations in the NIST biological SRMs yielded a measurement accuracy (recoveries) of 96–101%, with a detection limit of 0.013 ppb total lead. Accuracy of isotope abundance analyses of NBS SRM 981 (n=12) was 99.92–99.99% of that expected for all four isotopes, with a measurement precision of 0.07–0.22% RSD. Thus, this method is ideally suited for the rapid, accurate, and precise measurements of lead concentrations and stable isotope abundances in lead isotope tracer studies in animals and humans, where one or more lead isotopes are enriched above natural levels.


The present invention is an improved photonic band is pulled out from the photonic crystal Mi Heng - a method of manufacturing a photonic crystal Mi Heng to provide a gap crystal waveguide fiber. Mi Heng the photonic crystal defect photonic band having a smooth wall defect-etching is preferably such that the wall defects in order to provide a gap crystal waveguide fiber is formed using a material having a specific form or composition.


Introduction Bicipital groove or intertubercular sulcus is bounded by lesser tubercle medially and greater tubercle laterally. The contents of this groove are long head of biceps brachii, synovial sheath and ascending branch of anterior circumflex humeral artery. The groove is bridged by transverse humeral ligament. This ligament has been found to be ossified. This osseous tissue may damage the contents of bicipital groove during biomechanical movements of the arm. The ossification of this ligament is a new discovery known to the author and bears clinical implications. Hence the study has been carried out. Case report During examination of bones in the osteology lab in the Department of Anatomy, we came across a rightsided humerus showing complete ossification of the transverse humeral ligament. The incidence is 1%. This osseous bridge extended from the lateral margin of the lesser tubercle to the medial margin of the greater tubercle. The horizontal, vertical lengths and thickness of the ossified ligament were 7, 5 and 2 mm, respectively. Discussion The ossified ligament may cause tendinitis of the long head of biceps brachii leading to anterior shoulder pain. It may also cause tenosynovities. Conclusion Knowledge of the ossified transverse humeral ligament may be of immense Analysis of bony bridge over bicipital groove


Nearly 30 years ago, in 1984, I was approached by Mr Mark Robertson from the then Blackwell Publishing company and asked whether I saw a place for a new journal in gastroenterology and hepatology in the Asia-Pacific region. This was 3 years after HEPATOLOGY had been launched and its success seemed assured, and two other new specialist liver journals from Europe (JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY) and the International Association for Study of the Liver (LIVER—now LIVER INTERNATIONAL) had started recently. Although the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology had their own very successful journal, JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, it was evident that many major advances in the Asia-Pacific region were published in specialty journals from North America or Europe. Further, those journals, though international in scope, provided less focus on specific health challenges faced by our own region. Hence, like many others, I gave the inauguration of JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY (JGH) my full support. The first issue of JGH appeared in 1986, and the first publication with my name as a co-author appeared the same year. Since then, PubMed lists 77 articles against the search terms of my name and J Gastroenterol Hepatol; excluding 2 where I was part of an investigator team rather than an author, it appears I have co-authored 75 articles in JGH, a number that surprises even me! More importantly, I have been on the Editorial Board of JGH continuously since its inception, an Editor for 6 years (1991–1998), a co-founder of the JGH Foundation (Trustee 1998-present) which now has a 50% ownership (joint royalty) of JGH with the present publishers (Wiley-Blackwell), and most recently Editor-in-Chief since October 2006. During this long association, I have watched JGH grow from strength to strength, and I have strived to nurture its development wherever possible. The purpose of this article is to reflect on how and why this favourable development has occurred, and how further growth can be ensured.


To analyze the reason of complications of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy and the ways of prevention.【Methods】 To sum up the kinds and number of complication of 228 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.To analyze the reasons and character of these complications.【Results】 There were 23 cases of complications in this group(10.1%),they were peritoneum trauma(12 cases),pleura trauma(2 cases),adrenal central vein trauma(3 cases),serious hypercarbia(2 cases),wound infection(3 cases),and retroperitoneal haematoma(1 case).All of these,only 2 cases had serious complication(the two hypercarbia cases,2/228,0.9%).And 3 cases were undergoing open surgery because of these complications.Complications took place at the early moment of this new technique in 17 cases(17/23,77.3%).All patients got well after operations.To patients who had intraoperative complications,the postoperative hospitalization was 7.5 days.It was longer than that patients without complications(6 days).But there was no significant difference(P 0.05).【Conclusions】 There may occur some serious complications of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.So it is necessary to improve this technique,recognize the anatomic relation to recluce the complications.


By the development of biosensor, signal processing techniques and critical technical breakthrough, the concept of brain-computer interface has been extended and emphasized that the interface between brain and electromechanical equipment is involved rather than just computer. This development leads to the formation of new technical theoretical system - brain control technology. In this paper, the development of brain-computer interface is discussed, so that the new concept of brain-control is proposed. And then, the brain signals detection, intelligent prosthetic control, and the man-machine cooperation prosthetic model were firstly studied according to the humanoid operated mechanism. Further more, a neural prosthesis hand system driven by brain computer interface (BCI) was firstly constructed, which integrating the EEG signal detector system, EEG signal analyzing and recognition system and prosthesis hand control system. Finally, a wearable intelligent mind controlled prosthetic hand (IMCP Hand) was also designed with integration of multi-point tactile and slippery sensors in the prosthetic space and three-dimensional acceleration sensor information fusion, so that the neuro-prosthetic hand would have some chance to be applied in the disability people with upper limb.


One of the most common malignancies in the world is breast cancer, which primarily affects women, its early detection is important to diagnose the unwanted cell growth in the breast region. The survival rate increases to 90% when the growth is detected early. The objective of research is to identify different algorithms having a higher accuracy and is faster in detection of the malignant cell growth at the same time to assist doctors to detect the cancerous growth. The research intends to determine whether the existing Convolutional Neural Network architecture performs the detection accurately or not. In this approach of detection, we implemented various model architectures such as Deep-CNN, VGG16, VGG19, InceptionV3, MobileNetV2 on a vast dataset to learn from it. The various models were compared on the basis of their accuracy. VGG16 performed the best in comparison to every other model and came out to be the best of the implemented, afterwards various optimizers were applied on VGG16 to further increase the accuracy to find its best tuning parameter. The best accuracy achieved by tuning different optimizers of VGG16 was 97% when the optimizer was set to default, and the default optimizer was "Adam". This accuracy over a real-life dataset is considered to be ideal for classification purposes.


The International Space Station (ISS) relies on sixteen solar-voltaic blankets to provide electrical power to the station. Each pair of blankets is supported by a deployable boom called the Folding Articulated Square Truss Mast (FAST Mast). At certain ISS attitudes, the solar arrays can be positioned in such a way that shadowing of either one or three longerons causes an unexpected asymmetric thermal loading that if unchecked can exceed the operational stability limits of the mast. Work in this paper documents part of an independent NASA Engineering and Safety Center effort to assess the existing operational limits. Because of the complexity of the system, the problem is being worked using a building-block progression from components (longerons), to units (single or multiple bays), to assembly (full mast). The paper presents results from efforts to calibrate the longeron components. The work includes experimental testing of two types of longerons (straight and tapered), development of Finite Element (FE) models, development of parameter uncertainty models, and the establishment of a calibration and validation process to demonstrate adequacy of the models. Models in the context of this paper refer to both FE model and probabilistic parameter models. Results from model calibration of the straight longerons show that the model is capable of predicting the mean load, axial strain, and bending strain. For validation, parameter values obtained from calibration of straight longerons are used to validate experimental results for the tapered longerons.


C.d. measurements are of use in characterising these compounds. In the α-apo-series the chirality of the styrene chromophore is the controlling feature and the dependence of conformation on temperature is clearly shown.


BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly infectious causing millions of deaths worldwide. Nasopharyngeal swabs are the primary sample of choice for the diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), thus, to decrease the exposure to potentially infected samples through the collection is a key point to reduce the risk of infection in healthcare workers. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and viral load of saliva specimens by days of symptoms onset comparing to nasopharyngeal swabs in subjects with mild symptoms. METHODS Saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs samples were collected from São Paulo Hospital workers presenting mild symptoms, such as fever, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea, myalgia, headaches, anosmia, ageusia, and fatigue. To understand the positivity and viral load, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed. FINDINGS Saliva specimens presented a sensitivity of 98.6% compared to nasopharyngeal swabs. Overall, saliva showed lower viral load compared to nasopharyngeal swabs, regarding days of symptoms onset on diagnosis, the first four days had significant changes in viral load and no significant difference was reported in the days five to nine. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Although RT-PCR of saliva has presented a lower viral load compared to nasopharyngeal swabs, saliva specimens are a potential and reliable candidate for COVID-19 diagnosis through RT-PCR.


Introduction Venous thromboembolic complications after abdominoplasty are associated with increased intraabdominal pressure and altered venous return without taking into account possible changes in the activity of the blood coagulation system.Purpose of work was to evaluate the state of the plasma hemostasis system in the early postoperative period in patients after abdominoplasty.Materials and methods The study included 100 patients who underwent aesthetic abdominoplasty. Prothrombin (PT), fibrinogen (FG), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), soluble fibrin-monomer complexes (SFMC), euglobulin clot lysis (ECL), antithrombin-III (AT-III), and protein C (PrC) levels were evaluated before surgery, immediately after surgery, on the first, third and fifth days after surgery. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS 16, Excel 2010 for Windows, using the Kruskal – Wallis criterion.Results Coagulation hemostasis was characterized by a decrease in PT immediately after the surgery and on the first day by 13.9 and 5.3, and an increase in PT on the third and fifth days by 12.3 and 15.5 (p < 0.001), decrease in FG on the first, third and fifth days by 0.49 g/L, 2.34 g/L, and 2.04 g/L, respectively (p < 0.001). SFMC increased at all postoperative stages by 4.7, 8.2, 10.8, and 10.0 times (p < 0.001). Inhibition of XII-dependent fibrinolysis was characterized by an increase in ECL time on the first, third and fifth days by 2.8, 9.7, and 6.3 minutes, respectively (p < 0.001). AT-III and PrC levels decreased immediately after the surgery by 18.8 and 8.9, on the first day by 14.2 and 11.2, and on the third day by 8.8 and 6.3 respectively (p < 0.001).Discussion Activation of blood coagulation processes with imbalance of coagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolytic systems create conditions for venous thrombosis formation after abdominoplasty, which substantiates the necessity of VTE pharmacoloprophylaxis for at least five days.Conclusion In the early postoperative period abdominoplasty is accompanied by activation of plasma coagulation, inhibition of fibrinolytic system activity and reduction of natural anticoagulant activity.


A derivation of the standard symmetry and leptoquark family structure is presented that is more straightforward than a previous derivation.


TUMOR GROWTH Enzymes that regulate the progression of the cell cycle provide appealing targets for anti-cancer efforts. Inhibitors of such enzymes could be used to halt the cell cycle and interfere with the proliferation of cancer cells. In fact, some of these inhibitors are mutated or deleted in many human neoplasms. McClue et al. investigated the antitumor properties of the molecule CYC202 (R-roscovitine), which selectively inhibits the enzyme pair CDK2/cyclin E. By testing the effect of CYC202 on a panel of 22 human tumor and nontumor cell lines, the authors determined that the compound killed a wide range of human tumor cell types, with particular potency against p53 wild-type cells. The results, presented on pages 463– 468, provide evidence for CYC202's selective cytotoxic effect on rapidly proliferating cells over quiescent or slowly proliferating cells. This prompted the authors to test the effectiveness of CYC202 in a human tumor model: human colorectal cells grafted into nude mice. After mice receiving CYC202 thrice daily for 5 days had smaller tumors than control mice. Similar retardation of tumor growth was observed with a faster-growing tumor cell line, a human uterine carcinoma.


This conference resource paper seeks to identify a potential research agenda in the area of energy and the environment. The objective is to understand how the urban transportation-land use planning and decision making process could be improved to achieve national energy efficiency and environmental objectives while meeting urban mobility needs. Research focusing on problem-solving and evaluation rather than on developing new simulation models that have no particular ability to inform public policy decisions is favored in this paper. Energy and environmental issues are divided among five types of decision making involving the construction and use of national transportation infrastructure. These areas are (1) trip generation decisions, (2) investment decisions, (3) finance decisions, (4) land use-planning decisions, and (5) project decisions.


The corpus under study is made up of several dozens of diaries - for the most part unpublished -, dating from the end of the eighteenth century and the first decades of the nineteenth, and housed in various archives in Moscow and St. Petersburg. They were written in French by women of the Russian gentry.

The authors of the article explore the main recurring themes which appear in the diaries and give cohesion to the corpus. By reproducing the diarists' experiences and activities, their various moves inside and outside their immediate surroundings, their relationships, and their specific cultural reference points, the authors capture the way in which these women, individually or as a group, built their relationship to the world.

How do the diaries present these women's education, readings, and religious practices? How much room does their account of daily life make for the body and its ailments, for writing practices (diaries, correspondence, literature)? How did frequent travelling to European countries (mainly Germany, France, and Italy) go? How were family and social relationships organized? How did one choose a husband? What do we learn from their conceptions of love and marriage? The authors of the article attempt to find an answer to these questions.


Brillouin fiber lasers (BFLs) are a promising optical source technology for industrial and academic purposes that have experienced continuous progress in recent years. Currently, part of this development is focused on delivering laser solutions with low resonator loss, relatively low pump threshold, high efficiency, very small linewidth, and multi-wavelength architecture. In this perspective, this study employs an accurate numerical model based on an analytical solution to investigate the effect of the pump's spectral linewidth on BFLs working both in single and cascaded multi-wavelength configurations. Output powers, thresholds, and the Stokes lines number simulated are analyzed here using a standard single-mode optical fiber as the Brillouin gain medium. The numerical results obtained not only allow identifying the regions of the pump's spectral linewidth in which there is greater, moderate, or even no suppression of the stimulated Brillouin scattering inside the laser cavity but also provides a deep understanding of the internal dynamics of the BFLs cavities.


Multiple factors must be considered in power-amplifier design for wireless communications and radar, including bias voltage, input power, and load impedance. The Bias Smith Tube is presented as a three-dimensional extension of the Smith Chart with bias voltage as the vertical axis. It allows simultaneous visualization of nonlinear output characteristic behaviors over transistor bias voltage and load reflection coefficient. Simulated and measured three-dimensional surfaces of constant power-added efficiency (PAE), adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR), and delivered power are shown in the Bias Smith Tube, and a design approach is illustrated that finds the combination of load impedance and bias voltage providing maximum PAE under ACPR and/or delivered power constraints.