This is a qualitative study exploring the question how entrepreneurs respond to uncertainty through effectuation decision making. Effectuation as a decision-making process allows for greater organizational resilience against environmental shocks and pressures and is recommended for entrepreneurial settings of heightened uncertainty. Through the narrative analysis of four entrepreneurs? own accounts of founding activities in the biotechnology sector, we reveal three modes of effectuation, demonstrating different interaction effects between prospective sensemaking and effectuating in temporal-relational contexts. Entrepreneurs are actors temporally embedded in an evolving, multifaceted context with an uncertain future. When they attempt to satisfy their visions using effectual reasoning, their temporal orientations of framing toward the past, present and future interact, rationalizing the contexts for their actions and imagined paths to the future. The study implies that effectuation decision processes adopted by entrepreneurs in response to environmental jolts can be better understood through the lens of prospective sensemaking.


The results of numerical simulations of cavitation at Venturi section are presented in the contribution. A fully compressible, cavitating flow simulations was performed to resolve the formation of the shock waves at cloud collapse which are believed to be directly related to the formation of the damage. Good agreements were noticed between calculations and tests performed in previous work. The numerical simulations with short time step were performed to investigate the processes of cavitation collapse and shedding off in detail. The results indicate the importance of different individual cavitation structures collapse on erosion potential. Present analysis results shows a great potential for future development of techniques for accurate predictions of cavitation erosion by numerical means only.


ABSTRACT Shells from Neolithic shell midden sites have been routinely dated in Korea, but they have not been calibrated based on the correction values (ΔR) for the marine reservoir effect (MRE). A lack of proper calibration has left dates on shells incomparable to those on terrestrial samples, and thus unusable in building the chronological sequence of shell middens. Here, we report the two new ΔR values of a pre-bomb (pre-1950) blue mussel from the south coast. We applied the two new and the two previously reported ΔR values to the three dates on marine shells from the Bibongri shell midden in southeastern Korea. Our ΔR adjusted calibration and the comparison to dates on charcoal and bone remains clarify an ambiguity in the stratigraphy and the Early Neolithic chronology at Bibongri. Our contribution is to provide the ΔR values that can be further applied to other Neolithic shell middens along the south coast.


 Abstract—MIMO-OFDM becomes a key technique for achieving high data rate in wireless communication. To enhance the MIMO link performance Adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) is used which chooses the suitable modulation and coding schemes appropriate to the current channel conditions. Maximum likelihood detection (MLD) employing QR decomposition and M-algorithm (QRM-MLD) can significantly improve the bit error rate (BER) performance of the Multi Carrier (MC) transmissions in a frequency-selective fading channel. In this paper a new link performance estimation technique is proposed for MIMO-OFDM systems with QRM-ML receiver. Simulation results are obtained for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding bit error rate (BER), using QRM-ML receiver. A comparative study of ML and QRM ML receivers are performed. Simulation results show that QRM MLD performs superior to MLD with low computational complexity.


In China,people used to put their own aspirations lies in the auspicious,auspicious words,they would be such a desire to pray for good fortune into a visual pattern,pattern,I believe that auspicious patterns can flooding disaster,giving people Jiqing Xiang-rui.Lucky cultural heritage has become a treasure of Chinese traditional culture is the accumulated wisdom of the Chinese,in the changes in thousands of years,forming a unique Chinese art form.This "lucky" culture would have been inherited as the society in the field of Chinese culture,emitting a dazzling brilliance.


▴ Mulgrew AT, Fox N, Ayas NT, et al . Diagnosis and initial management of obstructive sleep apnea without polysomnography. A randomized validation study. Ann Int Med2007;146:157–6.

[OpenUrl][1][PubMed][2][Web of Science][3]

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common condition, diagnosed by polysomnography. However, polysomnography is costly and its availability often limited, leading to a delay in diagnosis and initiation of treatment in OSA.

This randomised, controlled study compared the use of polysomnography for the diagnosis of OSA with …

 [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAnnals%2Bof%2BInternal%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DANN%2BINTERN%2BMED%26rft.issn%253D0003-4819%26rft.aulast%253DMulgrew%26rft.auinit1%253DA.%2BT.%26rft.volume%253D146%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D157%26rft.epage%253D166%26rft.atitle%253DDiagnosis%2Band%2BInitial%2BManagement%2Bof%2BObstructive%2BSleep%2BApnea%2Bwithout%2BPolysomnography%253A%2B%2BA%2BRandomized%2BValidation%2BStudy%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F17283346%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx
 [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=17283346&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F62%2F10%2F860.atom
 [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000243957400001&link_type=ISI


Abstract I would be willing to bet that since the beginning of communication, back in prehistoric times, there have always been things that were meant to be kept private. From the location of the best fishing spot to a secret passage into the cave next door, certain facts have been reserved only for a few knowledgeable friends. These facts may even be so private that only one person in the world should know them. We have made "societal rules" for those things that we want to keep private or share among only a few, but still the concept of privacy expectations comes with an unwritten social code. Wherever a code of privacy exists, there is concern over its violation. Have computers brought this about? Certainly not! Maintaining privacy has always been important, and even more important are the methods we have used to try to keep that data secret. Today in our wired society, however, we still face the same primary threat to privacy that has existed for centuries: mistakes and carelessness of the individuals who have been entrusted to preserve privacy. Maybe even the owner of the data itself.


Objectives To understand the existing military academies graduate health administration curriculum and problems of the status quo,improve the quality of graduate education,and provide reference to promote education reform.Methods 10 instructors and 35 students were selected in the Third Military Medical University,group discussion and questionnaire surveys were conducted.Results The majority of instructors and students think that graduate health administration curriculum is not ideal,the requirements of the overall credit situation is too high,the course structure is irrational,the content of individual courses is obsolete,new theories and cases are few,part of the materials are improper.Conclusions The existing military academies graduate health administration curriculum can not meet the education and postgraduate training needs,further reform is needed.


Theories that shape current management practices will be discussed first. The planning and
organizing functions of management will be presented and business plans will be constructed. Topics will include researching industry and market trends, financial planning and analysis, productivity evaluation and developing organizational structures. The course will also include the study of effective, efficient, and moral management of humans and accounts, decision-making and
communication, and leadership.


A generic tank cross-section is proposed to describe the geometry of road tanks used in transportation of bulk liquids, and to explore optimal tank geometry for enhancement of roll stability limits of partially-filled tank vehicles. Two different constrained optimization functions are formulated to minimize the lateral load shift with prescribed cross-sectional c.g. height, and the liquid load shift and c.g. height simultaneously, subject to constraints imposed on the total capacity, overall width and height, and perimeter. Two optimal tank cross-sections are proposed to achieve minimal overturning moments corresponding to medium and high fill ranges. A static roll plane model of the partially-filled generic tank is developed to study the performance potentials of the optimal tanks in terms of translation of the cargo c.g. within the tanks under various fill volumes and vehicle lateral acceleration, which are then compared with those of the conventional circular and modified-oval cross-sectional tanks. The performance potentials of the proposed optimal tanks are further explored in terms of rollover threshold lateral acceleration limit of a partially-filled articulated tank vehicle combination as a function of the fill volume, using a static roll model of the tank vehicle realized by integration of the steady-state roll plane model of the partially-filled generic tank with that of the vehicle. The results reveal that the magnitude of rollover threshold of the 40–70% filled vehicle with the proposed optimal tank geometry is approximately 10% higher than that with a circular cross-sectional tank, and 13–25% higher than that with a modified-oval tank.


Stochastic Analysis provides methods to describe random numerical processes. The descriptions depend strongly on the underlying information structure, which is represented in terms of filtrations. The first part of this thesis deals with impacts of changes in the information structure on the appearance of a stochastic process. More precisely, it analyses the consequences of a filtration enlargement on the semimartingale decomposition of the process. From the martingale part a drift has to be subtracted in order to obtain a martingale in the enlarged filtration. Methods are given how one can compute and analyze this correcting drift. The second and third part discuss the role of information in financial utility calculus: In the framework of the general semimartingale model of financial markets the link between information and utility is analyzed. The second part is of a qualitative nature: It deals with implications of the assumption that the maximal expected utility of an investor is bounded. It is shown that finite utility implies some structure properties of the price process viewed from the intrinsic perspective: At first it follows that the price is a semimartingale. Moreover, one can show for continuous processes that the bounded variation part in the semimartingale decomposition is nicely controlled by the martingale part and does not explode. Thus the second part justifies these widespread assumptions. The third part is of a quantitative nature: It analyzes the impact of information on utility. From an extrinsic point of view traders with different knowledge are compared. In particular, it is shown how additional information increases utility. If the preferences of the investor are described by the logarithmic utility function, then one can calculate the utility increment by means of the so-called information drift. Furthermore, the utility increment coincides with the mutual information between the additional knowledge and the original knowledge, 'mutual information' being defined in the sense of information theory. As a consequence the link between two different concepts of 'information' is established.


Due to the constantly increasing demand for animal protein, aquaculture practices are intensified. Fishes grown in intense aquaculture systems are susceptible to diseases (Dash et al., 2018). Although there are various methods to prevent or combat diseases, these methods are often considered to possess a risk for the health of both the fish and the environment (Bilen et al., 2020). Therefore, to fight against diseases caused by microorganisms, recent studies have focused on natural antimicrobial agents (Nguafack et al., 2020; Palanikani et al., 2020; Elbeshti et al., 2020).


Appendicitis, acute pancreatitis, diverticulitus: all possible serious diagnoses in patients presenting to the emergency department with abdominal pain. The diagnosis of these and other generalized or localized irritations of the peritoneum is sometimes based on the physician's "gut feelings" but


Development of therapeutic strategies to prevent recurrence in cancer patients, or tumor progression in at risk individuals has been challenging given the long and often unpredictable time to the emergence of the malignant tumors. Neoantigens represent the most potent antigens to induce antitumor immunity, yet the ability to predict which neoantigens will be expressed in future tumors is at present not an option. We have developed a simple and broadly applicable approach to induce neoantigens in tumor cells in situ by reducing the expression of antigen processing mediators like TAP, ERAAP, or invariant chain (Ii), using siRNAs that were targeted to tumor cells by conjugation to a nucleolin-binding aptamer. Exploiting the ability to induce neoantigens in situ, we describe a novel vaccination strategy targeting potent neoantigens to control the growth of the future tumors whereby patients in remission or individuals at risk are first vaccinated against the antigen processing downregulation-induced neoantigens and when or if tumor develops the same antigens are induced in the tumor, termed prorapeutic vaccination (prophylactic + therapeutic). Mice were vaccinated against the TAP downregulation-induced neoantigens by targeting the corresponding siRNAs to dendritic cells (DC) in situ via conjugation to a short CpG oligonucleotide (ODN); the CpG ODN also activated the targeted DC to avoid induction of tolerance against the neoantigens. Vaccination with CpG ODN-TAP siRNA conjugates inhibited subsequently implanted or autochthonous tumors in several tumor models, provided the said neoantigens were also induced in the tumor by nucleolin aptamer-targeted siRNA inhibition of TAP. The CpG-siRNA and nucleolin aptamer-siRNA conjugates are simple, chemically- synthesized, off-the-shelf, and broadly applicable reagents to vaccinate against neoantigens and control the growth of future tumors irrespective of their origin. Citation Format: Greta Garrido Hidalgo, Brett Schrand, Ailem Rabasa, Agata Levay, Alexey Berezhnoy, Shrey Modi, Giri Bhuwan Bhuwan, Vikas Dudeja, Elien Doorduijn, Thorbald van Hall, Eli Gilboa. Vaccination against neoantigens induced in future tumors in the setting of recurrence and premalignancy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 264.


This paper examines the economic effects and outcome under mobile phone subsidy competition by a simple Hotelling location model. The results show that i) MNOs still can enjoy a positive profit even with severe subsidy competition unless MNO-level differentiation goes away, ii) the size of profit is much closer to that of pure price competition as a higher transaction cost is associated with retailers, and iii) a successful clearing of transaction cost can induce the MNOs' voluntary transition to pure price competition.


Ideological and political work is the lifeblood of economic work of water conservancy. The work of water resources can not be separated from the economic development of ideological and political work. Only do a good job of ideological and political work, we can make the process of industrialization of water carried out smoothly.


There are many difficult problems and confusions in fixed asset management in medical institutions.In this paper,the authors analyzed the reasons for this.Meanwhile,the countermeasures and suggestions are offered.Computerization in fixed asset management was also introduced.


This paper presents weaknesses during situation analysis of extension projects of German Technical Cooperation and proposals for improvements. Frequent weaknesses are: In most of the cases the socio-economic situation of the target group is not sufficiently analyzed to define and differentiate target groups according to meaningful criteria. Situation analysis is, furthermore, frequently limited to the  predefined sector of intervention. This often has the consequences that the position of the intervention sector within the complex problem situation of the target groups can not be assessed. Project measures do, furthermore, frequently not reflect the problem situation of target groups identified during situation analysis. The following  proposals are, therefore, made: A situation analysis covering the complex problem situation of target groups should be the focus during the initial planning steps. The fields of investigation during these steps should not be too narrow even if the sector of intervention is predetermined. This allows situation-specific adjustments of concepts and measures. Situation analysis must include as well sufficient data to be able to define and differentiate target groups according to meaningful criteria. This is a necessary precondition that one can target measures towards needy groups and can prevent that primarily better-off groups benefit.


This paper describes a path planning method for mobile robots/vehicles be extending the path sequentially. Considering practical use and applications of the mobile robot/vehicles, additional via-points for future path are given sequentially from sensor processing and environment recognition process. Thus, the path should be calculated sequentially with such additional conditions during mission execution. In this paper, we described a key idea of our method to extend the path iteratively. Polynomial-based time curve is utilized as the basis of the method and it describes path extension segment for certain period. The coefficients of such path extension segment are renewed by additional via-points. Computer simulations with proposed method were conducted and reported for fundamental confirmations. The results shows sequential path extension can be done by our proposed method.


Jeanine Leane is Wiradjuri woman from Southwest New South Wales. She has a doctorate in literature and Aboriginal representation, and a long career in the high school system and university system. She completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the Australian National University, Canberra where she currently holds an Australian Research Council fellowship. Her interest in education, diversity, and Indigenous perspectives is strongly grounded in twenty years of teaching at secondary and tertiary levels. In 2010 Jeanine's first book of poetry Dark Secrets After Dreaming: AD 1887-1961 (PressPress, 2010) won the Scanlon Prize for Indigenous poetry. Her collection of rural yarns, Purple Threads (2011), won the David Unaipon award and the Queensland Premier's Award. It was shortlisted for the 2012 Commonwealth Book Prize and the 2012 Victorian Premier's Literary Award for Indigenous Writing. Her current research project is an exploration of contemporary Australian Indigenous writing and writers. She is currently working on a second novel, which will be a collection of inter-related stories revolving around the lives and interactions of a large extended Aboriginal family living in Canberra during the 1980s and the lead up to the 1988 settler bicentenary-the two-hundredth anniversary of the invasion of Aboriginal land. This interview took place on the Claflin University campus in Orangeburg, South Carolina, USA, on Wednesday, 16 September 2015. Students from Dr Belinda Wheeler's GNST 303/ ENGL 303 Introduction to Gender Studies class interviewed Dr Leane. Students read Purple Threads and Dr Wheeler's earlier interview with Dr Leane in preparation for this interview. The participants in the interview were as follows: Dr Jeanine Leane, Dr Belinda Wheeler, Ms Kimberly Broughton, Ms Jennifer Clark, Mr Malcolm Jones, Ms Nidja Muldrow, and Mr Damon Williams.


Successive-erasure decoding can be considered as a soft-decision decoding technique for RS codes. An information indicating the success of decoding is needed when forward error correction is combined with ARQ. We present an upper bound for error detection with a successive-erasure decoding algorithm. Results are used to design a RS coded OFDM system for wireless ATM.


The authors measured the isometric strength of the neck muscles. The control group (24 cases) showed the highest strength in the position of extension, followed in order by rotation, lateral bending, and flexion. Cervical disorder group (14 cases) showed less power in any motions, and especially decrease of extension power was significant in cases with cervical spondylosis.


under the New Media Technology, the Network Film Has the Distinct Artistic Characteristics and Very High Propagation Value. Based on This, This Paper Introduces the Artistic Features of the Network Film in the Aspects of Individuation, Interaction and Diversity under the New Media Technology, and Expounds Its Communication Value in the Aspects of Aesthetics, Economy and Society, and Deeply Analyses the Development of the Current Network Film.


For the purposes of constructing explicit solutions to second-order linear homogeneous differential equations on the Riemann sphere the Kovacic algorithm partitions the subgroups of SL(2,C) into four classes and initially determines which class contains the differential Galois group of the input equation. We prove in the case of the hypergeometric and Riemann equations that the relevant class can be determined directly from the coefficients by elementary calculation. We also treat the (non-algebraic form of the) Lamé equation, to which the Kovacic algorithm is not directly applicable. In that instance we combine the Kovacic results with ours to produce an algorithm for determining the class of the associated group. From the group-theoretic viewpoint the problem solved herein is the following: given arbitrary S, T ∈ SL(2,C), determine which class contains the group 〈S, T 〉 generated by S and T . c © 1999 Academic Press


A Wind operated passive evaporative cooler was developed. Two cooling chambers were made with clay container (cylindrical and square shapes). These two containers were separately inserted inside bigger clay pot inter- spaced with clay soil of 7 cm (to form pot-in-pot and wall-in wall) with the outside structure wrapped with jute sack. The soil and the jute sacks were wetted with salt solution. Five blades were constructed inside the cooling chambers with aluminium material which were connected with a shaft to a vane located on a wooden cover outside the cooling chamber. The vanes (made of aluminium) were to be powered by the wind which in turn rotates the blades inside the cooling chamber. The total volume of 40500cm3 and storage capacity of 31500cm3 were recorded for the square structures while total volume of 31792.5cm3 and storage capacity of 24727.5cm3 were recorded for the cylindrical structures. During the test period, the average temperatures of 27.07oC, 27.09oC and 33.6oC were obtained for the pot-in-pot (cylindrical), wall-in-wall (square) and the ambient respectively. The average relative humidity of 92.27%, 91.99% and 69.41% were obtained for the pot-in-pot (cylindrical), wall-in-wall (square) and the ambient respectively. The average minimum and maximum wind speed recorded for the month of October was 2.5m/s and 2.6m/s respectively


Human development Over 50 years ago Lawrence K. Frank famously wrote, I suggest that we try to imagine purchasing a Model-TFord and driving it continuously for 20 years, during which period it has been gradually transformed into a Rolls-Royce, despite daily use, a variety of accidents, untold incidents, and the many vicissitudes of travel. However fantastic this may seem, it is scarcely adequate as an analogy for the truly extraordinary sequence of human development, from contraception through to old age... While human development begins with the fertilized egg, it becomes observable only in the infant who undergoes a series of abrupt transitions, shifting from a liquid to an air environment and becoming functionally independent of the mother. The study of human development has benefited in recent years by the development of new methods and techniques. This has led to ideas that challenge scientists to formulate innovative conceptual models of infant development


Traffic loadings on Australiars extensive sprayed seal network have increased, particularly with freight efficiency resulting in longer and heavier loads being transported by prime movers. This report details the development of a model to describe how different axle loads and axle groupings combine to cause surface texture decay on a sprayed seal. Development of the model relied on experimental data generated by the Australian linear accelerated loading facility. The model was then validated using another set of data generated by the New Zealand Canterbury Accelerated Pavement Testing Indoor Facility. From the data, a load damage exponent of 1 for sprayed seal wear was calculated based on analysis of a dual tyre tandem axle traversing a sprayed seal. This suggests that the load damage to a sprayed seal is linear as opposed to the power function model currently used in pavement design. The research findings can be used to investigate if the Austroads seal design method needs refinement in terms of equivalent heavy vehicles calculation.


The VEGF‐A gene is alternatively spliced resulting in the generation of several angiogenic VEGF‐A isoforms, termed VEGFxxx, and anti‐angiogenic isoforms termed VEGFxxxb. VEGFxxx isoforms are generated by a proximal splice site selection in exon 8, whereas the VEGFxxxb isoforms are generated by a distal splice site selection in exon 8. The aim of this study was to characterise VEGFxxxb localisation in normal fetal kidney at 6, 10, and 12 weeks gestation, and adult human tissues using immunohistochemical staining. 5μm thick sections of routinely fixed tissues samples were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using a VEGFxxxb specific antibody before detection with biotinylated secondary antibody, avidin‐biotin enzyme complex and diaminobenzidine substrate. Immunohistochemical staining revealed in the mesonephrois, VEGFxxxb isoforms were localised to cuboidal epithelial cells of the excretory tubules and to podocytes of the glomerulus. In the metanephroi, distinct patterns of VEGFxxxb staining were observed at specific stages of nephron differentiation and maturation. In the adult kidney, strong VEGFxxxb staining was observed in the glomerular podocytes and some epithelial cells of the Bowman's capsule. The data presented herein demonstrates that the VEGFxxxb isoforms are present in both fetal and adult kidney tissue, with the degree dependent on maturation and cell type. Welcome Trust Grant 69029


Modularly designed organocatalysts formed in situ from the self-assembly of primary α-amino acids and Cinchona alkaloid thioureas are found to be excellent catalysts for the enantioselective Michael addition of enolizable ketones and aldehydes (II) and (IV) to maleimides (I).


There is a paucity of data regarding the best treatment for spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD).

 To compare the prognostic impact of conservative versus invasive treatment in patients with SCAD.

 We systematically searched the literature for studies evaluating the comparative efficacy and safety of invasive revascularization versus medical therapy for the treatment of SCAD from 1990 to 2019. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed comparing clinical outcomes between the two groups.

 24 observational studies with 1720 patients were included. After 28±14 months, a conservative approach reduced target vessel revascularization rate compared with invasive treatment (OR=0.50; 95% CI 0.28–0.90; P=0.02). No difference was found regarding all-cause mortality (OR=0.81; 95% CI 0.31–2.08; P=0.66), cardiovascular mortality (OR=0.89; 95% CI 0.15–5.40; P=0.89), myocardial infarction (OR=0.95; 95% CI 0.50–1.81; P=0.87), heart failure (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.41–2.22; P=0.92) and SCAD recurrence (OR=0.94; 95% CI 0.52–1.72; P=0.85). The meta-regression analysis suggested that male gender, diabetes mellitus, smoking habit, prior coronary artery disease, left main coronary artery involvement and lower ejection fraction at admission are related with higher overall mortality, whereas SCAD recurrence was higher among patients with fibromuscular dysplasia.

 A conservative approach provides similar clinical outcomes and lower target vessel revascularization rates compared to an invasive strategy in the setting of SCAD; therefore, when feasible, it should be preferred in this scenario.
 Forest plots on the study outcomes

 Type of funding source: None


Many establishment surveys depend upon administrative record sets as the basis of the sampling frame. A favorite of frame builders is a file of tax records, when it can be obtained, because the records seem rich in possible stratifying variables. These data sets, however, are subject to changes depending on the regulations that gave rise to their existence. Often these changes, like in the industry classification, are known in advance at least in outline. Another factor, though, is the hidden implicit strata breaks that some of these sets have that might not be at all evident from the documentation. One example of this is in the data abstraction procedures for corporation tax returns, which handles firms with more than $10 million in assets differently than those with less. Since strata are devised for homogeneity, this difference in treatment implies the need for strata that respect this boundary. We examine the Statistics of Income Partnership Study for examples of these situations and their effects. This study has been conducted annually for about 50 years, with varying sample designs, relying on the data in the Internal Revenue Service's Business Master File System for classification information. For the past 25 years, the designs have used the industry code as a primary stratifier, along with asset size and receipts. The change from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) based industry codes used by the IRS to a set based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) threw a well-established outline into some disarray, while the recent reorganization of the Service has had its own effect. But first, to set the stage, we will begin with a brief description of the population of interest and the administrative environment in which this design must operate. We will then review the impact of the switch in industry coding on the existing design, and close with an outline of the modifications we are putting in place.


The invention relates to an oxiracetam injection composition and a preparation method thereof. The oxiracetam injection provided by the invention comprises 0.1-0.3 g of oxiracetam, 0.2-0.4 mg of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02-0.04 mg of sodium calcium edetate, 0.02-0.04 mg of glycine, 0.02-0.04 mg of vitamin B6, a pH value regulator (for regulating the pH value to the range from 4.5 to 5.0) and water for injection per 1 ml. The oxiracetam injection provided by the invention has the advantages of good quality and high stability.


A exact and rapid method was developed for the content of nitrobenzene in water with RE-HPLC.RE-HPLC system consists of C_(18) column(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),methanol-water-acetic acid(70∶29∶1) mixture as mobile phase with detection at 262 nm and flow rate 1.0mL·min~(-1).The recover of nitrobenzene is 97.0%~103.4%,and the relative standard is less than 2.0%.The linear range of the method is 0.0116~29.0mL·min~(-1).The results for the analysis of samples are satisfactory.


ABSTRACT Aircraft/traffic alert and collision avoidance system (ACAS/TCAS) is an airborne system which is designed to provide the service as a last defense equipment for avoiding mid-air collisions between the aircraft. In the existing system, four monopole stub-elements are used as ACAS directional antenna and one blade type element is used as ACAS omnidirectional antenna. The existing ACAS antenna has some drawbacks such as low gain, large beamwidth, frequency and beam tuning/scanning issues etc. Antenna issues like unwanted signals reception may create difficulties to identify the possible threats. In this paper, the focus is on the design and development of a unit element microstrip antenna which can be used for ACAS application and to overcome the possible limitations associated with the existing techniques. Two proposed antenna models are presented here, which are single feed and dual feed microstrip dual patch slotted antenna. These are designed and simulated in CST Microwave Studio tool. The performance and other antenna characteristics have been explored from the simulation results followed by the antenna fabrication and measurement. A good reflection coefficient, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), narrow beamwidth, perfect directional radiation pattern, high gain and directivity make this proposed antenna a good candidate for this application.


Working memory (WM) allows information to be stored and manipulated over short time scales. Performance on WM tasks is thought to be supported by the frontoparietal system (FPS), the default mode system (DMS), and interactions between them. Yet little is known about how these systems and their interactions relate to individual differences in WM performance. We address this gap in knowledge using functional MRI data acquired during the performance of a 2-back WM task, as well as diffusion tensor imaging data collected in the same individuals. We show that the strength of functional interactions between the FPS and DMS during task engagement is inversely correlated with WM performance, and that this strength is modulated by the activation of FPS regions but not DMS regions. Next, we use a clustering algorithm to identify two distinct subnetworks of the FPS, and find that these subnetworks display distinguishable patterns of gene expression. Activity in one subnetwork is positively associated with the strength of FPS-DMS functional interactions, while activity in the second subnetwork is negatively associated. Further, the pattern of structural linkages of these subnetworks explains their differential capacity to influence the strength of FPS-DMS functional interactions. To determine whether these observations could provide a mechanistic account of large-scale neural underpinnings of WM, we build a computational model of the system composed of coupled oscillators. Modulating the amplitude of the subnetworks in the model causes the expected change in the strength of FPS-DMS functional interactions, thereby offering support for a mechanism in which subnetwork activity tunes functional interactions. Broadly, our study presents a holistic account of how regional activity, functional interactions, and structural linkages together support individual differences in WM in humans.


Coastal wetlands of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, China, along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway (EAAF) migratory route provide important stopover sites for waterbirds. Natural wetland loss caused by external stress has posed serious threats to the population of waterbirds. Elucidating the extent to which species depend on natural wetland and providing conservation and management recommendations for species are important steps toward relieving such population declines. We created a natural landscape (NL) index along the coastal wetlands of the Yellow and Bohai Seas, China, using the inverse distance-weighted nearest-neighbor approach. Then, we used a bootstrapping procedure to combine the NL index with 11,485 occurrence records for 80 waterbird species attributed to four functional groups (shorebirds, ducks, herons, and gulls) to quantify species' dependence on coastal natural wetlands. Twenty-seven out of the 80 species selected (16 shorebird, 3 duck, 4 heron, and 4 gull species) significantly depended on natural wetlands. The shorebirds [standardized effect size (SES) = 4.37] and herons (SES = 2.56) were more dependent on natural wetlands than the ducks (SES = −0.02) and gulls (SES = −3.22). The threatened species (those classified as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or near threatened) showed significantly higher dependence on natural wetlands than the non-threatened species (t = 2.613, df = 78, p < 0.05). Of the 27 species showing significant dependence on natural wetlands, only nine species were listed as national protected species. Threatened species that highly depend on natural wetlands need more attention as these species could face greater risk due to natural wetland loss.


The invention discloses a beta-carboline ruthenium compound. The molecular formula of the beta-carboline ruthenium compound is [Ru (N^N) 2 (Nh) XClY] (A^A)z, wherein N^N is selected from bpy or phen; A^A is selected from PF6 or SO3CF3; X is equal to 1 or 2, Y is equal to 2-X, and Z is equal to 1 or 2; or the molecular formula of the beta-carboline ruthenium compound is [Ru (N^N) 2 (1-Py-betaC)] (PF^)2, wherein N^N is selected from bpy, phen or DIP. On a molecular mechanism, the invention proves that the beta-carboline ruthenium compound can be used for treating cancers and has a better effectthan the effects of that of the traditional metal compound cisplatin with wide application and ruthenium compounds NAMI-A in clinical tests; . Thethe beta-carboline ruthenium compound for treating the cancers as an autophagic cell inducer fills the blank of the prior art and develops a new line for developing a new generation of high-efficiency medicaments for treating malignant tumors.


A 16-year-old adolescent girl with multiple risk factors for thrombosis presented with acute onset of headache, decreased vision, and papilledema. Evaluation demonstrated cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) involving the left transverse and sigmoid sinuses and left internal jugular vein. Following bilateral optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF), she experienced improvement in vision and resolution of papilledema. In selected cases, ONSF is an effective surgical option for the treatment of papilledema due to CVT after medical treatment has failed.


Histopathology images are used for the diagnosis and examination of cancer cells. Preparing and scanning histopathology slides consist of numerous steps of which staining are an important process. But these staining procedures cause multitude problems as there may be variations in the slides due to multiple reasons. Color variations in histopathology images can occur due to inconsistent staining of biopsy tissue, color responses of different scanners or difference in raw materials and manufacturing techniques used by stain. These factors hamper the generalization of automatic image analysis method. Hence there is a need for standardizing the image before analysis by performing stain normalization which is achieved by removing the stains for visual enhancement. Color normalization techniques play a vital in the developing computerized decision support system. In this paper, a detailed study and performance evaluation of various color normalization techniques such as Histogram Specification, Macenko Method, Reinhard Method on histopathology images are presented. In these normalization procedures the mean color of the target image is transferred onto the source image. Quality performance of different stain normalization techniques is evaluated based on Entropy and Structure Similarity Index Measure (SSIM). In this work, we record the time complexity of the color normalization algorithms. The normalization techniques are tested on histopathological images from UCSB dataset and Mitosis Atypia 2014 dataset. This article reviews and summarizes the color normalization techniques on histopathological images for visual improvement.


Stress is a part of everyone life. It is often seen as a negative emotion but stress plays an important role in the survival. It helps to face threats and dangerous situations, makes the individual motivated and can even upgrade the performance. Stress is a physical, mental, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension. Stresses can be external (from the environment, psychological, or social situations) or internal (illness, or from a medical procedure). Anything which is more than enough is harmful for human body. Students who did not develop healthy coping strategies were more likely to experience a higher risk of health problems and anti-social behaviors. A study to assess the stress level and coping strategies among 1 year nursing students at Era College of Nursing, Lucknow.To assess the stress level among 1 year nursing students.To assess the coping strategies among 1 year nursing students.The samples in the present study were nursing students of Era College of Nursing and sample size was 149.Non-Probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the subject for the study. objective 1 shown results were 149 samples included in the presentstudy. They were having moderate level of stress. The mean stress level among student was 18. Objective 2 shown the result were taken 149 sample in our study they were having average level of coping strategies. The mean coping strategies among nursing students was 68.21.The finding of this study suggests that it may valuable to replicate this study: A similar study can be done with a large sample for generalization.


The temperature and pressure dependences of the 187Re nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency in ND4ReO4 are reported, and compared with corresponding data for NH4ReO4. The temperature dependence of the deuteration shift is similar to that of the pressure coefficient of the quadrupole frequency, (∂ν/∂P)T. In both ND4ReO4 and NH4ReO4, there is a rapid change in the slope of the graph of (∂ν/∂P)T vs temperature, rather than the discontinuous change reported previously; there is no significant shift in the temperature of this feature upon deuteration. It is concluded that changes in the ammonium ion rotational motion near 200 K are the result, and not the cause, of other structural changes in the crystal. The quadrupole frequency in ND4 127IO4 has been measured at room temperature.


An extensive geological, geotechnical and geophysical investigation was undertaken for the seismic microzonation of Avezzano, the main town of Fucino plain (L'Aquila province, Italy). Here, during the 1915 Fucino earthquake evidences of liquefaction were detected. The present study focuses on the liquefaction hazard assessment based on in-situ tests like piezocone (CPTu), dynamic penetration (standard SPT and super heavy DPSH tests), and seismic dilatomer SDMT tests. Results at the test site of Pozzone area have been reported and discussed hereafter. Preliminary results of liquefaction analyses carried out using simplified methods are illustrated, compared and discussed throughout the paper. According to these first outcomes, the SDMT and CPTu investigation methods show similar values of liquefaction susceptibility.


Abstract Basement excavation inevitably causes stress changes in the ground leading to soil movements which may affect the serviceability of adjacent structures specially in case of masonry building. Because soil stiffness degrades with induced stress release during excavation, it is vital to investigate the masonry façade responses to an adjacent excavation. This paper presents three-dimensional numerical parametric study to investigate damaging effects on an existing brick masonry façade due to an adjacent basement excavation. The orientation of the façade is perpendicular to the basement. An advanced hypoplastic (sand) model with small-strain stiffness is adopted. The model parameters are calibrated against centrifuge test results in sand reported in literature. Effects of excavation depths, wall locations with respect to excavation, sand density and applied loads on the wall are examined. The computed results revealed that differential settlement (with maximum settlement closest to the excavation) was induced in the wall due to excavation-induced stress relief. Consequently, cracks were developed in the façade during excavation. By increasing the relative density from 30% to 90%, the excavation-induced footing settlement decreases by up to 72%. The different loads applied on the top of the façade have significant effects on the responses of the wall due to excavation.


Urban noise reduction is a societal priority. In this context, the European Directive 2002/49/EC aims at producing strategic noise maps for large cities. However, nowadays the relevance of such maps is questionable, due to considerable uncertainties, which are rarely quantified. Conversely, the development of noise observatories can provide useful information for a more realistic description of the sound environment, but at the expense of insufficient spatial resolution and high costs. Thus, the CENSE project aims at proposing a new methodology for the production of more realistic noise maps, based on an assimilation of simulated and measured data, collected through a dense network of low-cost sensors that rely on new technologies. In addition, the proposed approach tries to take into account the various sources of uncertainty, either from measurements and modeling. Beyond the production of physical indicators, the project also includes advanced sound environments characterization, through sound recognition and perceptual assessments. CENSE is resolutely a multidisciplinary project, bringing together experts from environmental acoustics, data assimilation, statistics, GIS, sensor networks, signal processing, and noise perception. As the project is in launch state, the present communication will focus on a global overview, emphasizing the innovative and key points of the project.Urban noise reduction is a societal priority. In this context, the European Directive 2002/49/EC aims at producing strategic noise maps for large cities. However, nowadays the relevance of such maps is questionable, due to considerable uncertainties, which are rarely quantified. Conversely, the development of noise observatories can provide useful information for a more realistic description of the sound environment, but at the expense of insufficient spatial resolution and high costs. Thus, the CENSE project aims at proposing a new methodology for the production of more realistic noise maps, based on an assimilation of simulated and measured data, collected through a dense network of low-cost sensors that rely on new technologies. In addition, the proposed approach tries to take into account the various sources of uncertainty, either from measurements and modeling. Beyond the production of physical indicators, the project also includes advanced sound environments characterization, through sound recogniti...


The article provides information on the peculiarities of the organization of physical education process for students in the distance learning settings. Methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature and documentary materials, pedagogical research methods (pedagogical observation), physical activity assessment methods, and methods of mathematical statistics. The study was conducted at the Kyiv National Economic University. The study involved 48 first and second year male students. Certain shortcomings in the organization of physical education process in a distance learning format were emphasized. A decrease in the degree of student satisfaction with the physical education process was identified, which occurred due to a number of shortcomings of distance learning, namely, a decrease in the effectiveness of education as a result of a lack of practical knowledge and skills, a lack of live communication, undeveloped motivation, and an insufficient level of theoretical training. Furthermore, the difficulties in mastering the proper technique of exercises without special sports equipment were identified. It was found that the level of physical activity of students further deteriorated during the distance learning period. Recommendations were developed to increase the effectiveness of the organization of the physical education process during the distance learning period, which included interactive learning, keeping an electronic health journal, using a wide base of video lessons with accessible and interesting types of physical activity for students with different levels of fitness.


Styrene was polymerized by intermittent photo-initiation (at a constant sector speed and a light to dark ratio of 1:5) in microemulsion. The molecular weight distributrion was measured by size-exclusion chromatography and turned out be extremely well structured. When the points of inflection were used for the calculation of the rate constant of propagation in analogy to pulsed-laser polymerization/size-exclusion chromatography (PLS-SEC), values were obtained which were lower than those accepted for bulk polymerization but good agreement was achieved with a slightly modified equation. The absolute peak width (introduced as the difference between two successive points of inflection) turned out to be an invariant quantity no matter which type of distribution curve (number, molar mass, or hyper distribition) was analyzed, thus demonstrating the Poissonian character of the peaks. Furthermore, the relative peak widths (defined as the ratio of two successive points of inflection) for the first peak scattered between 1.35-1.45, those for the second peak between 1.26-1.30. After substracting the respective value for the theoretical peak width, the same value for the first and second peaks was obtained for all experiments over a broad range of experimental parameters. As the appearing peaks are well resolved and narrow, the influence of axial dispersion on the results is, therefore, conclusively demonstrated. A simple procedure for the direct determination of axia dispersion is presented based on the relative peak widths and the additivy of the peak variances. The invariance of the peak widths is an easily verifiable theoretical and experimental prerequisite for this procedure.


A wideband planar double-segmented loop antenna that can excite different modes with perpendicular polarized omnidirectional radiation patterns is designed for mobile platforms. The proposed antenna combines these resonant modes with adjacent resonant frequencies for wideband application. One of the modes is induced by the loop element itself and generates horizontally polarized radiation pattern. Meanwhile, the other mode generates vertically polarized radiation pattern when the ground plane is excited by the loop element and operates as a radiator. The measured results confirm that the antenna is capable of achieving wide bandwidth (10-dB return loss) from 2.1 to 2.9 GHz (the corresponding fractional bandwidth is 32%). The average total realized gain of the antenna is 2.75 dBi over the entire operating bandwidth.


The demand for Life insurance has generally been modeled in the life cycle framework in which households maximize the expected utility of their lifetime consumption. Yaari, (1965), Hakansan, (1969), Fischer, (1973), and Campbell, (1980) assumed that households receive uncertain income streams owing to the wage earners likelihood of untimely death. Life insurance is used as a toolfor working towards reducing the volatility of household consumption. Uncertainty surrounding lifetime expectancy thus directs the consumption of life insurance. In a recent survey, Ziet (2003) list studies documenting the positive association between risk aversion and life insurance consumption. Considerable evidence suggests that many people for whom insurance is worth purchasing do not have coverage and others who appear not in need of financial protection against certain events actually have purchased coverage. There are certain types of measures for which one might expect to see insurance widely marketed, that are viewed today by insurers as uninsurable and there are other policies one might not expect to be successfully marketed that exist on a relatively large scale. In addition, evidence suggests that cost-effective preventive measures are sometimes not rewarded by insurers in ways that could change their clients' behaviour, (Kunreuther and Pauly (2004)). Using the expected utility framework in a continuous time model, Yaari, (1965) studied the problem of uncertain lifetime and life insurance. Including the risk of dying in the life cycle model, he showed conceptually that a person increases expected lifetime utility by purchasing fair life insurance and fair annuities. Simple models of insurance demand were proposed by Mossin, (1968) and others; considering a risk averse decision maker with an initial wealth W. The results Abstract: Life insurance policies provide benefits that are contingent on the survival of the policyholder for a certain period, or on the death of the policyholder within a certain period. One of the prudent decision(s) an individual or families undertake is whether to purchase Life insurance product or not. This decision is to protect the individual against any uncertainty during retirement or in the case of death or otherwise. This paper tends to establish the relationship between the demands for Life insurance products among four insurance companies in the Upper East Region of Ghana. The insurance companies were State Insurance Company (SIC), Quality Life Assurance, Glico Life Insurance and Star Life Insurance. The studies revealed that, the growth rate of each insurance company was independent of the other; thus the number insured for one insurance company was not directly influenced by the number insured of another insurance company. This was supported by the VAR (1) model and the Granger causality analysis employed. In effect, the number of insured for each insurance company were the same policyholders who advocated for other people to get insured and that the insurance companies marketing strategies were also at par. It was also revealed that, the Life insurance penetration kept on improving in the Upper East Region since the number insured kept on increasing.


Despite the great importance of chemical insecticides, with the ever increasing resistance of pest insects to chemical insecticides and the growing concern over environmental pollution, it becomes evident that the problem of pest attack on crops cannot be solved by anyone system. Under these circumstances, main pathogens of insects, i.e., viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa, have been studied to control many insect pests. Some of these pathogens are now being produced as microbial insecticides at the rate of hundreds of tons per year in the world. Some microbial insecticides are very effective against numerous or target insects under suitable environmental condition, and microbial control has been played an important role in integrated control program. They have many unique properties such as selectivity, multiplication and harmless to higher animals. However, we must be aware also that there are many problems to be solved, such as safety, persistence and difficulty of efficacy, etc_ on the microbial insecticides.


The European Commission has put software patents on its agenda. For the first time in Europe's history a monopole will be granted by the State on immaterial ideas. The goal of this paper is to introduce the reader to the particular economics of the software sector and to compare the costs and benefits of a market with software patents against the actual situation. For this purpose we'll explain which were the crucial elements that enabled the birth of the Silicon Valley, what is the actual set-up of the european software industry and if patents are needed by the players of this market.


— The effects of cyclic frequency, hold time, and stress-intensity factor range (ΔK) on rates of fatigue crack growth in air at 500°C and 700°C have been studied for the direct-aged version of the nickel-based superalloy 718. The main effects were similar to those observed for Waspaloy (Part I), namely: (i) small effects of cyclic frequency and hold time at 500°C, (ii) higher rates of crack growth at lower cyclic frequencies at high ΔK at 700°C, and (iii) lower rates of crack growth at low ΔK (and higher ΔK thresholds) for longer hold times at 700°C. For DA 718, there was no increase in crack growth rates with increasing hold times (0–60 s) at high ΔK at 700°C (unlike the large increases reported for standard processed Alloy 718). Metallographic and fractographic observations showed that crack growth was predominantly transgranular at 500°C, and predominantly intergranular at 700°C except at 2 Hz at high ΔK. The precise intergranular crack path, extent of branching, and fracture-surface appearance depended on ΔK, wave-form and cycle-period. The mechanisms responsible for the observed effects, and possible explanations for the different behaviour of DA 718 and standard processed Alloy 718, are discussed.


To extract the time-series characteristics of the original bearing signals and predict the remaining useful life (RUL) more effectively, a parallel multichannel recurrent convolutional neural network (PMCRCNN) is proposed for the prediction of RUL. Firstly, the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain features are extracted from the original signal. Then, the PMCRCNN model is constructed. The front of the model is the parallel multichannel convolution unit to learn and integrate the global and local features from the time-series data. The back of the model is the recurrent convolution layer to model the temporal dependence relationship under different degradation features. Normalized life values are used as labels to train the prediction model. Finally, the RUL was predicted by the trained neural network. The proposed method is verified by full life tests of bearing. The comparison with the existing prognostics approaches of convolutional neural network (CNN) and the recurrent convolutional neural network (RCNN) models proves that the proposed method (PMCRCNN) is effective and superior in improving the accuracy of RUL prediction.


This paper uses a computable general equilibrium model (CGE) on the Brazilian economy to measure the impacts of recent changes in the national tax structure. It describes the model, discusses its characteristics, formulation, construction and calibration, and uses it to analyze three tax changes: the partial transformation of COFINS into a contribution over value added, and the incidence of PIS/PASEP and COFINS on imports, both approved in 2003, and the extinction of CPMF, which was adopted only in 2007. The comparative static analysis allows the detailed identification of the long term effects of those changes on economic performance, at the macro and sector levels, after all the transitory effects are exhausted, and their indirect effectsare absorbed.


Healthy lifestyle is associated with reduced all‐cause mortality, but it is not known whether this association persists for individuals with high medication burden. We examined the association between healthy lifestyle behaviors and all‐cause mortality across different degrees of polypharmacy.


Issue 1, Volume 1 of the Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps appeared at the end of July 1903 and was the realisation of a hope for many years ([Figure 1][1]). The need for such a journal had long been recognised by medical officers in the Army. Indeed, as long ago as 1864, the year after the


The existing Dumbarton Toll Bridge was built in 1982, connecting the cities of Newark and East Palo Alto in the San Francisco Bay Area. The initial vulnerability studies conducted by California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) in 2004 indicated that the performance of the bridge during a maximum credible earthquake was uncertain. Earth Mechanics, Inc. (EMI) has carried out the necessary study for the seismic evaluation of the bridge. An extensive field investigation was undertaken both on-land and over-water at the site to develop the idealized subsurface profile along the bridge alignment. According to the probabilistic and deterministic seismic hazard analyses incorporated with new seismic source model and Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) models, a 1,000-year return period spectrum was adopted for the Safety Evaluation Earthquake (SEE) event and a 100-year return period spectrum for the Function Evaluation Earthquake (FEE) event. SHAKE and KIPS programs were used to conduct the seismic response analysis and kinematic soil-pile interaction analysis were carried out at selected piers. From this study, two sets of Acceleration Response Spectrum (ARS) curves were generated for the seismic retrofit of this bridge: one for the Main Channel piers and another for the West and East Approach structures. Other seismic retrofit-related issues are also addressed.


The ionic contrast medium diatrizoate used in high-dose unilateral nephroangiography in dogs produced an abnormal nephrogram, 'patchy contrast medium retention', and a marked decrease in renal blood flow in five of eight injected kidneys. Increased glomerular permeability (albuminuria), reduced glomerular filtration rate (creatinine clearance), and reduced osmotic diuresis were demonstrated in all selectively injected kidneys.


Abstract : A hypersonic, weakly ionized gas experimental facility has been successfully developed for magnetoaerodynamics basic research. The weakly ionized air is generated by a combination of direct current discharge, radio frequency discharge, and a combination of both in a blow-down, open jet, Mach 5 flow channel. The plasma field is characterized by electron temperatures around 10,000 K, and electron number density up to 2x10(exp 12) cu cm. The magnetic field is provided by a steady sate solenoid that can generate a maximum field up to three Tesla and an array of permanent magnets. In this environment, the maximum ma magneto-aerodynamic interaction parameter per unit length is around 1.5 per meter. A collection of plasma diagnostic tools including emission spectroscopy, microwave absorption, and Langmuir probes also are available.


The investigation into the dialects in classical novels should not be confined to one dimension of a language;instead,phonetics,vocabulary and grammar should be combined together;furthermore,the investigation into dialects plays a certain part in novelists,their birthplaces and some information of composing books.In the novel"Jingpingmei",there emerge more than 10 dialects predominated by modern dialect and Wu dialect,which can not be created by the author alone,and it is the crystallization of collective innovation.


Purpose: To determine how remote education at Polish universities of economics changed between the first and second term of classes held during the pandemic (March-June 2020 vs. October 2020-February 2021). Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a survey of organisational changes implemented by four Polish universities of economics (in Katowice, Kraków, Poznań, and Wrocław) as a result of the Covid-19 outbreak. Findings: It was found that in the winter term 2020/21, the timeliness of educational activities noticeably improved and synchronous methods were employed more frequently, whereas email was the preferred mode of communication for tutorials in both terms. Social implications: The universities surveyed were able to respond to the crisis within a reasonably short time and continued to provide education throughout the pandemic. The findings imply that the interruption of face-to-face instruction should have little effect on their students' employment prospects after graduation. Originality/value: The case study looks in depth at the process of organisational change forced by external circumstances at four organisations. It also illustrates the direction and magnitude of adjustments made by the selected HEIs as perceived by their students. To date, no comparable research on the subject has been published in the literature. Funding: The publication was financed from the subsidy granted to the Cracow University of Economic – Project nr 046/GAP/2022/POT. Keywords: emergency remote teaching, higher education, organizational change, Covid-19 crisis. Category of the paper: Research paper, case study.


The present invention relates to a method for producing an electronic component, the electronic component such as a chip card, comprising at least one embedded in the card carrier (40) of the microcircuit (44), the microcircuit includes a terminal (50, 52) and / or output contacts (46, 48) composed of an interface unit connected to the antenna, wherein: the ejector means or the like remain flexible depositing a low-viscosity conductive material after it is applied to the output contact made (46, 48) and a connecting portion between the interface unit (54). Advantageously, the use of a polymeric resin filled with conductive particles or intrinsic conducting.


The new characteristics of the urban disaster in recent years based on the site investigations of Wenchuan earthquake and the earthquake of Hyogo Prefecture of Japan were analyzed in this paper. Combined with the development and application status of disaster prevention planning of China, the new perspectives of disaster prevention construction in disaster planning, disaster prevention refuge park, school-based prevention stronghold, and community-based prevention stronghold have been proposed.


By using RS and GIS technology,the paper had analyzed land use of scenic areas in southern mountainous region of Jinan City,established landscape information system and conducted landscape ecological assessment on southern mountainous region by making use of mathematical model and methods.Landscape ecological assessment in this study had focused on the assessment of landscape resources environmental characteristics.Broadness-concealment degree of landscape resources at southern regions of Jinan City had been evaluated and based on the assessment results,corresponding countermeasures had been proposed,with a hope to provide reference for landscape ecological protection and tourism development at scenic areas in southern mountainous regions of Jinan City.The assessment results had showed that Jinxiuchuan Basin had the highest broadness-concealment degree,indicating that its landscape was of strong enclosure in general and many concealment landscapes had been distributed;while Nansha River Basin had the lowest broadness-concealment degree,implying that its landscape was of strong openness in general and large in spatial scale,and many broadness landscapes were distributed.In the areas with low broadness-concealment degree,it was more suitable for dynamic behavior and people assembling.


This paper introduces a kind of communication software program method.This software use C51 as program language,it is used by bottom device which communicates with other devices by means of Modbus site-bus protocol.


Purpose: Having previously reviewed the implementation of systematic in vivo dosimetry at the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital this paper examines the results of entrance dose measurements for specific sites/techniques and determines whether different action/alert protocols are required for these different categories. Methods and materials: Entrance dose measurements using p-type diodes were analysed for the following treatment categories: Breast, head and neck in beam direction shell, abdomino-pelvic and intrathoracic. A 4% tolerance was applied. Results: Mean deviations from expected dose and proportion of measurements exceeding tolerance were: Breast: +1.15%±3.04% (1SD), 238/1073≥4%; Head and neck: +0.35%±2.20% (1SD), 21/326≥4%; Abdomino-pelvic: +0.52%±2.75% (1SD), 93/712≥4%; Intrathoracic: −0.01%±2.75% (1SD), 22/119≥4%. Significant improvements in results for breast patients were noted following the introduction of a commercial breast board. The results for abdomino-pelvic patients confirmed a substantial variation in diode response under short FSD, wedged fields at 16MV (that had not been corrected for). The statistical uncertainty in dose measurement for each treatment category was calculated in order to assist determination of appropriate tolerance levels. Conclusions: A blanket tolerance of 4% was generally too low given the extent of measurement uncertainty. The relatively high number of readings outside tolerance where identification of errors was difficult/impossible resulted in inconsistent application of the action protocol. Some widening of tolerances is likely to improve quality of procedure and treatment. Appropriate action levels are recommended for each treatment category.


The Labyrinth Of The Faun (2006) by Guillermo del Toro is a film built on two planes that intertwine constantly: the real plane that matches with the 1944 Spanish post-war when a group of military men commanded by Vidal merciless chase the maquis in the area, and the imaginary plane, thought by Ofelia in parallel, as a sort of escape in front of the negative events she is enduring or that surround her life. When the surrounding evilness is extreme, to escape to a world of fantasy becomes a way out in order to survive; anyway it is only a partial solution as the negative reality will burst to a large or lesser extent into this imaginary world and, unfortunately, this will not be avoided. Guillermo del Toro creates a fiction that, even if originated by evilness, adopts a shape closer to the goodness: a fairy tale. Nevertheless, not everything is goodness in this a priori idyllic world.


Objective:To analyze the status quo of loneliness and attachment of the elderly at retirement home and its influencing factors and probe into the relationship between loneliness and attachment of the elderly at retirement home.Methods:A survey was conducted on A total of 150 elderly people were drew out in retirement home in Wuhan city and were investigated with Intimacy Experience Scale and elderly loneliness questionnaires.Results:Gender,with or without children,monthly income and self-care ability were the influencing factors of the elderly's loneliness.Education level and monthly income were the influencing factors of the elderly's attachment anxiety.Attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety were positively correlated with loneliness.Conclusion:Retirement home should make measures based on the influencing factors of the elderly's loneliness,so as to reduce the elderly's attachment avoidance and medical anxiety and improve their mental health level.


Neutron scattering has been used to study static and dynamic magnetic properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ with $x=0.09$ and $0.125.$ The $x=0.09$ compound appears as a limit case of an inhomogeneous canted antiferromagnetic (CAF) A-type structure. Related to the mean AF medium, anisotropic superexchange integrals are determined from the measurement of a high energy spin wave branch. Coexisting with this mean state, ferromagnetic (F) hole-rich platelets spread in the basal F plane, close to the limit of percolation. Related to these F inhomogeneities, an anisotropic magnetic coupling is determined from an anisotropic low energy spin wave branch. The $x=0.125$ compound exhibits, below ${T}_{C},$ a ferromagnetic and metallic phase (FM). At ${T}_{{O}^{\ensuremath{'}}{O}^{\ensuremath{''}}},$ a magnetostructural transition occurs leading to a F and insulating phase (FI) with unusual properties: in the whole q range, a splitting of the spin wave spectrum is observed. A large gap opens at (0,0,0.5). At this point and beyond, the energy of the spin waves locks on the phonon energy values. The temperature evolution of the splitted magnetic modes and of the phonons is presented, with marked signatures of both transitions. These results are discussed in the frame of existing theories.


Organozinc halides derived from Grignard reagents behave differently in their reaction with ethyl (±±)-(2RS,3SR)-tetrahydro-4-methylene-2-phenyl-3-(phenylsulfonyl)furan-3-carboxylate (3) according to the hybridisation of the carbon ligand. During the development of short multi-component reactions for the synthesis of diverse functionalized ethyl 2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylates it was discovered that aryl and vinyl zinc halides undergo clean reaction with 3 in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4. In contrast, when alkyl zinc halides are reacted with 3 in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4, reductive desulfonation of 3 is observed. Remarkably, in the absence of a transition metal catalyst, the allylic substitution of 3 with alkyl zinc halides proceeds cleanly and in moderate to good yield.


For isolation of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus in tissue cultures various continuous cell lines or primary trypsinized cells of human or monkey origin have been employed. The U cells used for propagating the RS virus [ l , 2, 3, 6, 111 constitute a continuous line of human amnion, originally derived from Utrecht, Holland. It has been passaged up to now uninterruptedly for 7 years in the laboratories in Finland. However, the susceptibility of these cells to RS virus has not been more extensively evaluated. In association with RS virus infection in infants the frequency of signs of middle ear inflammation has been reported as varying from 5 to 50% [l, 4, 5 , 81. The presence of RS virus, however, in the middle ear exudates in cases of otitis media, as far as known, as yet has not been established.


Based on the historical data of urad future trade (CZCE) recorded in Zhengzhou Commodity Trading Station and making use of the hidden circulation theory of analysing the time order distribution,a maths model for 01D is set up and put into initalion. The paper also initially discusses its result.


Objective To discuss significance and clinical application of local network in radiotherapy. Methods Radiotherapy network, an intra-departmental local computer network, is to establish a rapid and fault-free communication between radiotherapy and related facilities according to the function of individual person on those posts and, at the same time, adhering to the assigned division of labor. When therapeutic data are obtained from the patient's CT, MRI, simulator as well as the treatment planning system (TPS), they are transferred to the accelerator and automatically transformed into treatment parameters such as: irradiation field, prescription dose, gantry, table angle, etc. The final result is the automatic performance of radiotherapy with its field, dose and methods monitored, checked, limited, suspended if necessary and finally stopped. Results The actual carrying out of radiotherapy in 7(4.7%, 7/150) patients was suspended. After dose modification supervised by the attending radiotherapist, it was, then, given the green light. Conclusion The application of local radiotherapy network has guaranteed the quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) by avoiding errors inherent to manual transference of data.


Significance
 Extending nuclear plants' lifespans is a relatively low-cost way of sustaining this form of power generation, but renewable energy with zero fuel costs is challenging such investments. Nuclear plant newbuilds face barriers in advanced economies. Russia and China will be the primary vendors of nuclear power plants.

 Impacts
 Stalling nuclear power generation in advanced economies will encourage ambitious targets for wind and solar power.
 The need to invest in and remunerate power system flexibility will become more urgent as nuclear generation declines.
 Russian and Chinese nuclear power plant exports gives them leverage over developing states, under the mantle of decarbonisation.
 New approaches to nuclear power are likely to attract public finding in advanced economies.
 Innovative nuclear technologies are unlikely to arrive at sufficient scale in time to aid decarbonisation efforts much before 2050.


In recent years,with the isolation technology becoming mature,more and more the high-rise complex structures with large podium and multi-skirt building adopt the base isolation technology. But,many new technical problems appeared; the problem of how to improve the isolation effect of the main tower on the same height with the skirt building is especially acute. In this paper,a base-isolated high-rise structure with large podium and multi-skirt building is selected as an example; the dynamic characteristics and seismic response behavior are studied by changing the number of large podium,namely the number of connection storey of the main tower and the skirt building. The results of modal analysis and time-history analysis indicate that the more number the large podium has,the better isolated effect the main tower has; the bigger the displacement of the isolated layer is,the smaller the inter-storey displacement and acceleration of the main tower are,and the smaller probability the tensile stress of the isolator shows. So,from the isolation design point,the suggestion is proposed that as many large podiums as possible are used to connect the main tower and skirt building for the high-rise base-isolation building with large podium and skirt building.


A proper diet is the basis of a healthy life; according to the WHO, approximately 1/3 of cardiovascular diseases and cancers can be avoided with a balanced and healthy diet [...].


This paper reviews some previous theoretical and observational results concerning the various effects of gravitational lensing, and also presents still unpublished results in this field. The theoretical section deals with the Optical Scalar Equation (OSE) approach. We recall the form of these equations, which relate the deformations of the cross sectional area of a light beam to the material and energetic distribution it encounters, via the two basic contributions to lensing, the matter or Ricci term and the shear term. The introduction of a new distance, the optical distance, allows to write the OSE in a simplified way from which new solutions are easily derived. We demonstrate here that a general form may be obtained for the amplification formula in the exact relativistic treatment, provided the Universe is assumed to be Friedmannian in the mean. New results are also presented concerning the probability distribution of amplifications, the relation from matter term to shear terms (the first ones give the mean of the second ones) and the problem of energy conservation. We recall how our method let to an analytical formula yielding the amplification by any number of lenses placed anywhere along the line of sight and present new general solutions for lensing by large scale density inhomogeneities. The gravitational redshift effects are also considered, either due to the crossing by photons of inhomogeneities, or intrinsic to them ; generalized solutions to the last problem are given. Some observational evidence concerning various lensing effects, either statistical or applying to individual sources, are considered. We first recall how the dependence of the amplification formula on the various physical parameters points towards the optimisation of lensing by very rich clusters of galaxies lying at redshifts around 0.7, which may give rise to very large amplifications for reasonable values of the density parameter. Recent results concerning a statistical effect of amplification of Brightest Cluster Galaxies by foreground clusters are analysed, including the discussion of a selection effect precisely due to gravitational luminosity amplification. It results in an artificial increase of the deceleration parameter of the Universe measured from the Hubble diagram of these objects. We recall our proposal that the sample of distant 3C radiogalaxies of redshift > 1 is strongly perturbed by lensing effects, mostly by foreground clusters of galaxies (i.e. only the luminosity is changed without image multiplication), but also for some objects by galaxies, producing gravitational mirages. The case of 3C324, for which definite evidence for multiple imaging has been recently obtained, is described, including detailed modelling of the lensing configuration. We present a highly significant statistical effect of lensing on absorption line QSOs due to matter lying at the absorption redshifts. Microlensing is also considered, and we recall our recent proposal that the variability of some among the OVV QSOs turning to BL Lac at maximum brightness, like the eruptive object 0846 +51W1, is a consequence of microlensing by stars or compact objects constituting foreground galaxy halos. Finally, discrepant redshift associations are considered. We recall how the case of anomalous quintets of galaxies have been explained by the gravitational lensing effects of quartets halos on background galaxies. Then we present evidence that the Arp QSO-galaxy associations may be the result of the combined lensing effects of several superposed galaxies, groups and clusters.


In December, 1914, I described to the American Physical Society an extended series of experiments made in that year on the magnetization of large steel rods by mere rotation.1 Before these experiments were made only one method of magnetizing a body was known, viz., placing it in a magnetic field. These experiments not only revealed another and entirely new method, but they also confirmed completely the fundamental assumptions on which the results had been predicted: They proved, in a direct and conclusive way, on the basis of classical dynamics alone, without dependence upon the theory of radiation, (1) that Amp6reian currents, or molecular currents of electricity in orbital revolution, exist in iron; (2) that all or most of the electricity in orbital revolution is negative; and (3) that it has mass or inertia, so that each orbit behaves like a minute gyrostat and tends to set itself with the direction of revolution coincident with the direction of rotation of the body. It is in this way that magnetization of the body results. Furthermore, if we admit the classical theory of radiation, these experiments, together with the existence of residual or permanent magnetization, prove (4) that the arrangement of the electricity in the Ampereian orbits is Saturnian rather than planetary. If it is assumed that only one kind of electricity is in orbital revolution, and if the mass of a particle is denoted by m and its charge by e, theory shows that the rotation of a body with angular velocity n revolutions per second is equivalent to putting it in a magnetic field' of intensity H, such that H/n = 4rm/e. (1)


Objective To investigate the effect of different laparoscopic surgical positions on respiratory and circulatory functions,and postoperative symptoms of patients.Methods Totals of 120 consecutive cases with different laparoscopic surgery positions were included and were divided into three groups with 40 cases each group:reverse trendelenburg position group,trendelenburg position group,and were lateral position group.Heart rate,blood pressure,oxygen saturation,end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure,and peak airway pressure (Ppeak) were collected at three time points:5 mins before the start of surgery pneumoperitoneum (T1),10 mins after pneumoperitoneum (T2) and 5 mins after the end of pneumoperitoneum (T3).Postoperative symptoms were recorded as following up.Results In three groups,respectively,the differences in systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and respiratory carbon dioxide partial pressure (PETCO2) were statistically significant (P < 0.05).The blood pressure of T3 was significantly lower than that of T2 (P<0.01).The level of SBP and DBP of were significantly higher than that of T3 and T1 (P<0.01).No significant difference was detected in the heart rate change,and SpO2 of T2,T3 and T1 (P > 0.05).In reverse trendelenburg position group,the level of Ppeak of T2 was significantly higher than that of T1,while lower than that of T3 (P <0.01).In trendelenburg position group,the levels of Ppeak of T2 and T3 were significantly higher than that of T1 (P < 0.01).No significant difference was found in the levels of Ppeak of lateral position group (P > 0.05).And no significant difference was found in the incidence of abdominal discomfort symptoms between three groups (P > 0.05).The incidence of discomfortable symptoms of reverse trendelenburg position group,trendelenburg position group and ateral position group,respectively was 15.0%,42.5%,15.0%,and the incidence of shoulder pain after surgery of trendelenburg position group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.01).Conclusions Pneumoperitoneum pressure and different positions can affect both the respiratory and circulation function of patients that undergoing laparoscopic surgery.And positions may affect the incidence of postoperative shoulder pain.

Key words:
Laparoscopy;  Surgical position ;  Respiratory and circulatory functions;  Influencing factor


The article is devoted to the publication of the pottery with a stamp design from the Kniazha Hora Old Rus fortress. During field seasons of 1958–1965, a representative collection of ceramic products was found on the settlement by a detachment of the Slavic-Rus archaeology of the Kaniv complex expedition under the direction of Halyna Mezentseva. Pots that are decorated with geometric figures-stamps are noteworthy because they are rare for the Kniazha Hora area. Studying ornamentation is very important because the decor reflects some aspects of the spiritual culture of ancient population. However, these unique findings have not been given due attention by previous researchers. In the papers, the stamp type of ornament is associated with the West Slavonic tradition. It testifies one more peculiarity of the Old Rus society's culture, in particular, of the Kniazha Hora fortress.


The \underline{KA}rlsruhe \underline{TRI}tium \underline{N}eutrino Mass Experiment is a next generation tritium beta decay experiment designed to reach a sensitivity of $0.2~ \mathrm{eV}/\mathrm{c}^2$. KATRIN will allow to investigate the role of the neutrino hot dark matter in the evolution of large scale structures of the universe and will also allow to discriminate between so-called hierarchical and quasi-degenerated neutrino mass models. The status of the first components of the final KATRIN setup will be shown.


In this paper, we investigate the impact of T/sub ox/ and V/sub th/ on power performance trade-offs for on-chip caches. We start by examining the optimization of the various components of a single level cache and then extend this to two level cache systems. In addition to leakage, our studies also account for the dynamic power expended as a result of cache misses. Our results show that one can often reduce overall power by increasing the size of the L2 cache if we only allow one pair of V/sub th//T/sub ox/ in L2. However, if we allow the memory cells and the peripherals to have their own V/sub th/ and T/sub ox/, we show that a two-level cache system with smaller L2s will yield less total leakage. We further show that two V/sub th/ and two T/sub ox/ are sufficient to get close to an optimal solution, and that V/sub th/ is generally a better design knob than T/sub ox/ for leakage optimization, thus it is better to restrict the number of T/sub ox/ rather than V/sub th/ if cost is a concern.


OBJECTIVE
To study the expression and distribution of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in newly formed bone by distraction osteogenesis (DO), and to explore the mechanism of the DO bone formation and remodeling.

METHODS
The cleft palate (CP) experimental animal models (23 Rhesus monkeys) were established surgically. In experimental group (21 Rhesus monkeys), the palatal defects were corrected by means of DO at the rhythm of 0.4 mm twice per day. The specimens were retrieved under euthanasia at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 weeks intervals respectively in retention period. BMP immunohistochemical study was then performed. The blank control and experimental group (each of 2 animals) were set for comparison study.

RESULTS
The immunohistochemical study showed that BMP existed mainly in cytoplasma of osteoblasts, during the process of new bone formation. In early stage of 1 or 2 weeks, abundant osteoblasts aggregating on surfaces of the new bone trabeculae with positive DAB dye were observed. Through 4 to 6 weeks, the proliferative osteoblasts with very strong positive DAB dye indicating BMP expression were recorded. From 8 to 12 weeks, the expression of BMP and quantity of osteoblasts decreased gradually while more matured new bone structures were observed.

CONCLUSION
During the whole retention period, the expression of BMP showed a tendency from weak to strong and then to final cessation, this indicated a process of formation, remodeling and maturation of osteogenesis.


languages and literatures, with the history and culture, of the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. And never before in the long and often glorious history of my discipline have classicists commanded less understanding, respect, and sympathy for what, as professionals, they do, than at the present. Consider first their position in society as a whole. Gone, and gone forever, are the days at the end of the socalled Middle Ages when fugitives from the East spread to Italy and other countries of Western Europe bringing ancient texts with them, or the days when Renaissance humanists rediscovered ancient Latin texts in the monasteries, and edited, interpreted, and reinterpreted those texts with profound effects upon contemporary society and culture. Gone, too, is the British Empire and with it the very strange conviction that there was some intimate connection between a young man's ability to grasp Greek and Latin syntax at Eton or Winchester, Oxford or Cambridge, and his subsequent ability to assume the white man's burden and make his mark in


0. Introduction. The object of this note is to announce some results on the problem of concordance classification of piecewise linear and smooth homeomorphisms of manifolds. These results are obtained by using the analogous problem for PoincarØ complexes to relate the author's results in [2] to the results obtained by use of the techniques of Sullivan as developed in [6]. Briefly the approach is as follows, we describe the author's and Sullivan's results in terms of relative homotopy groups of certain A-sets, these fit naturally into the exact sequence of a triple as "two" of the terms, the "third" term can then be interpreted by use of the concept of a PoincarØ complex thickening. We begin with a restate› ment of known results. In general we shall confine our remarks to the piecewise linear category while indicating the modifications which may be required in the smooth case.


Microscopic trapezoidal micas are reported from the Sutlej section of the Higher Himalayan Shear Zone, India, and are attributed to an up-dip top-to-southwest sense of brittle shear along C planes of preexisting ductile shear dipping northeast. The longest margins of these trapezoids dip northeast and are oblique to either the C planes or their enveloping planes. Intragrain slips along cleavages aided their thrusting, while the surrounding competent quartzofeldspathic minerals resisted it. The cleavages of the trapezoids are parallel to their longest margins. These cleavages, the longest margins, the overall asymmetry of trapezoid aggregates, and the trails emanating from their corners are reliable indicators of brittle shear sense. Trails broken from the corners of developing trapezoids define both the P and the Y shear planes. Subcircular stacks and triangular mineral grains are also possible variations of trapezoids. Some of the trapezoidal micas were products of ductile-brittle deformation. Variable intensities of dynamic recrystallization around the trapezoid margins indicate the rock did not strain-harden uniformly. The nongenetic interlinked morphological parameters of the trapezoid aspect ratio, internal angles, and local orientation vary widely and partially define the orientation and the geometry of the trapezoids. Further studies of the three-dimensional shapes and genesis of trapezoidal minerals are planned.


Skill shortages and impending rapid decrease in numbers of young people coming into employment emphasise the need to reduce wastage of skilled women. Barclays has introduced a Career Break scheme, and the article describes the processes by which it was introduced. Results so far are positive.


The Constitution would not have been ratified without the support of many who harbored doubts about the document. Samuel Adams, the logical Anti-Federalist leader in Massachusetts, helped broker a compromise that set the stage for ratification in other states. Edmund Randolph, who declined to sign the Constitution in the Philadelphia Convention, became one of its chief spokesmen in the ratifying convention in Richmond. Melancton Smith, one of New York's most prominent opponents to the Constitution, voted to ratify the document he attacked earlier in the debates. All three ultimately supported the Constitution because, although they supported substantial state sovereignty, they believed that such sovereignty would not be meaningful if it threatened the union of the states. These three shared belief in what I have called the Federal Union Paradigm, the idea that union was essential to maintain state sovereignty and that a substantial degree of state sovereignty was equally essential to an effective federal union.


The maintenance of balance of plant systems can often be overlooked in favour of the major equipment. Changing this attitude however, can not only improve the performance of the whole power plant, but also its profitability ― a must in these cash strapped times.


The aim is to establish the epidemiology and features of the clinic of microbial inflammatory nephropathy in children living in an ecologically unfavorable area.Research methods. The prevalence of microbial-inflammatory nephropathies and their incidence in the urban children's population, as well as in areas with favorable and unfavorable environmental situation were analyzed. A clinical and laboratory examination of patients was carried out with an assessment of the features of the manifestations of the disease in children living in an area with environmental pollution.The results of the study. Over the past two decades, there has been a decrease in the incidence of microbial inflammatory nephropathies and their general prevalence in the urban children's population. However, in an urban area with an unfavorable environmental situation, a significant increase in these epidemiological indicators has been recorded over a ten-year period. The peculiarities of microbial-inflammatory nephropathies in children living in an area with significant air and soil pollution are their occurrence against the background of congenital anomalies or malformations of the kidneys and urinary tract, frequent relapses, the presence of complications. They are characterized by a frequent combination of kidney and bladder lesions, higher activity of the inflammatory process with impaired renal function, slow reverse dynamics of symptoms during treatment.Conclusion. Microbial-inflammatory nephropathies in children living in ecologically unfavorable areas of the city have features of epidemiology and clinical manifestations, which must be taken into account when carrying out medical support for this category of patients.


A brief discussion on the effects of private health insurance, where the wealthy and privately insured get timely health care and the rest, unless they are critically ill, are less prioritised. In several categories of care, including eye, cancer, ear, nose and throat and the male and female reproductive systems, the private sector's role has increased to dominant player resulting in a disproportionate benefit of health care, contributing to widening relative health inequalities.


The licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is cultivated as a valuable medicinal plant. It is grown from seeds, but 70-90% of its seeds are in deep physical dormancy (hard seeds) – do not swell and do not germinate without special treatment (scarification). We are searching for the most effective methods of such processing. We have studied the effect of hydrostatic pressure from 10 to 40 MPa (pressure treatment) on the licorice seeds to improve the swelling and germination of them, which belong to a pair of visually distinguished groups by the color of the seed coat. For the first time, it was found that olive-colored seeds do not germinate after pressure treatment (the number of hard seeds is 80% or more). At the same time, very high content (up to 90%) of swollen but non-viable seeds was detected in the group with a light brown color of the seed coat. Hydrostatic pressure levels used did not significantly reduce hard seeds proportion in studied licorice seed material. A weak positive effect of hydrostatic pressure treatment was found. Further search for optimal pressure treatment modes for licorice seeds germination increasing looks promising.


A RANTES mutant, said mutant the ability to act competitively as antagonist of RANTES, MIP-1 or MIP-1 wild, or antagonize the interaction between HIV virus and a chemokine receptor type, and carrying a mutation selected from: a) Arg 44 replaced by a negatively charged amino acid or a small hydrophobic amino acid; b) Lys 45 replaced by a negatively charged amino acid or a small hydrophobic amino acid.


Objective To establish a semi-quantitative mathematical model of intracranial pressure(ICP) using nonparametric stepwise discriminant analysis(NSDA) and explore its clinical value. Methods ICP was monitored with an epidural sensor in 21 patients with acute intracranial hypertension(ICH) ,and mean blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery(VMCA) ,mean arterial pressure(MAP) ,end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure(PETCO2) and heart rate were collected continuously for 20 minutes at the same time. Semi-quantitative NSDA prediction models at three different ICP levels(normal or mildly elevated,moderately elevated and highly elevated) were established with the four independent variables by SAS software. Results The error rate of NSDA model for judging from normal ICP to the 3 elevated levels was 5.20%,6.98% and 10.17% respectively,and the total error rate was 6.40%. Conclusion NSDA model has high accuracy rate for ICP judgment,thus possessing potential perspective of clinical application.