The harmful effect of agricultural waste has been intensified over the last decade and impacts the environment every passing day. Rice husk waste is a major problem in Turkey and the far east countries. Due to the economic dependence of the mass cultivation and the production of rice, the disposal of the waste appears both time and money consuming. Alternative methods sought over the years and the implementation of the rice husk in the production of composites is seen as a promising method. RHA is a burning residue of rice husk and the implementation of RHA in the production of aluminum composites gained attention in recent years. In this study, aluminum composites having 5 wt.% Al2O3 reinforcement and 5 wt.% Al2O3/0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt.% RHA reinforcement were produced by vacuum infiltration process which is a cheap and cost-effective route. AA7075 alloy without any reinforcement was produced for comparison. Solution heat treatment at 480 °C for 2 hours was applied and then quenched following by aging heat treatment at 120 °C for 8 hours. The microstructure, microhardness, and wear tests of all composites were investigated. Increasing RHA content up to 1 wt.% and aging heat treatment increased the hardness of composites. Abrasion coefficient decreased by increasing RHA content.


The Planck sub-mm surveys detected the brightest strongly gravitationally lensed dusty galaxies in the sky. The combination of their extreme gravitational flux boosting and image stretching offers the unique possibility of measuring in detail, via high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic follow-up, the galaxy structure and kinematics in early evolutionary phases, thus gaining otherwise unaccessible direct information on physical processes in action. The extraction of candidate strongly lensed galaxies (SLGs) from Planck catalogues is hindered by the fact that they are generally detected with poor S/N, except for the few brightest ones, their photometric properties are strongly blurred and they are difficult to single out. We devised a method to increase by a factor of 3 to 4 the number of identified Planck-detected SLGs, although with an unavoidably limited efficiency. Our approach uses the fact that SLGs have sub-mm colours colder than nearby dusty galaxies (the large majority of Planck extragalactic sources). The sub-mm colours of the 47 confirmed or very likely Planck-detected SLGs are used to estimate the colour range of these objects. Moreover, most nearby galaxies and radio sources can be picked up by cross-matching with IRAS and PCNT catalogues, respectively. We present samples of 177, 97, 104 lensed candidates at 545, 857, 353 GHz, respectively. The efficiency of our approach, tested on the SPT survey covering 2,500 sq. deg., is estimated to be of 30%-40%. We also discuss stricter selection criteria increasing efficiency to 50% but with a somewhat lower completeness. Our analysis of SPT data has identified a dozen of galaxies that can be reliably considered previously unrecognized Planck-detected SLGs. Extrapolating the number of Planck-detected confirmed or very likely SLGs found within the SPT and H-ATLAS areas, we expect from 150 to 190 such sources over the|b|>20deg sky.


ABSTRACT This article explores the future of music and dance education in Ghanaian senior high schools as envisioned by administrators, teachers, and students. Participants illuminate issues requiring action, including (1) curriculum content, (2) access, (3) resources, and (4) infrastructure. The study employed a qualitative multiple case study approach incorporating post-colonial theory, interdisciplinary African arts theory, and educational leadership and organizational behavior theory. The study contributes to the literature on dance education in Ghanaian, post-colonial, and global contexts.


Ti 2Al 2.5Zr alloys were implanted with 75?keV N + ions at temperature lower than 200?℃ with implanting dosage of 3×10 17 /cm 2 and 8×10 17 /cm 2. The projected range was about 1?222?? calculated by TRIM 96 program. The implanted samples were analyzed using X ray diffractometer (XRD) and X ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The X ray diffraction patterns show that the peaks correspond to new phases, TiN and TiO 2 after N + ion implantation. But the peaks for the phases are small and difficult to distinguish. XPS surveys show there are Ti, C, N and O. High resolution XPS collections of the Ti2p and N1s binding energy show that TiN and TiO 2 are formed after N + ion implantation. [


Investigating the practice of life education, we can see that the past life education mainly dealt with the social crisis and was full of instrumental and incidental elements.Life education should be based on the full needs of life and be committed to the integration of life in order to protect the natural life, to shape the social life, to arouse the spirit of life, and to achieve the comprehensive and harmonious development of life.In this sense, the life education is a holistic education.


MHD free convection elastic-viscous slip fluid flow with Heat source and chemical reaction through a porous medium is analyzed, by taking into account the effect of mass transfer and Slip parameter. A uniform magnetic field acts perpendicular to the porous surface, which absorbs the fluid with a constant suction velocity. The dimensionless governing equations for this investigation are solved analytically using two-term harmonic and non-harmonic functions. The effects of various controlling parameters associated with this flow problem are discussed with the help of graphs. The results show that the velocity increases with increasing Slip and permeability parameters, while decreases with increasing Prandtl number, Magnetic parameter, Schmidt number, Chemical reaction parameter, and Heat source parameter. The study also revealed that the visco-elastic parameter has no significant effect on velocity profile.


Visual perception is closely related to and associated with the processing of space. Nevertheless, all events occur at some moment in time, and time needs to be processed in the visual mode. After briefly reviewing the many research avenues in which time and vision are linked, this article focuses on the discrimination of visually marked time intervals, emphasizing work from my own laboratory. It presents a theoretical position, that of a single-clock hypothesis, as well as issues and data that show how visual temporal processing can be approached. These issues are partly related to the fact that time is marked by signals from a single source or by signals provided by distanced sources. In the latter case, different questions arise depending on the signals' exact location. It is known that more distance between flashes can result in longer perceived duration (kappa effect). However, the data reported here, involving signals placed on the same vertical plane, show the opposite effect: briefer perceived duration with more distance between flashes. When flashes are located on the same horizontal plane in different hemi-fields, there is also a lateral effect that may influence time judgments.


AbstractNowadays, companies are able to obtain the key to success in global competition by choosing the right suppliers who are more align with their strategies. It is clear that applying appropria...


Surface Penning ionization (SPI) in the process He*(2lS, 23S) + CO + He(llS) + CO+ + e-is investigated theoretically for CO molecules chemisorbed on a Pd(ll1) surface at low collision energy of metastable He*-beams. The actual process can well be explained in terms of Auger deexcitation. The entire SPI process occurs at the topmost layer, thereby increasing the surface sensitivity. The potential energy surfaces between the collision partners in the initial and final states are calculated using the local spin density functional formalism. The angle distribution and ionization rate of emitted electrons are calculated based on the Golden Rule, assuming CO standing straight on the substrate for various impact geometries. Pronounced "shadow" effect due to neighboring CO molecules at grazing He* incident angles and in the emitted electron angle distributions is obtained. Comparisons with experimental data are made. Our results exhibit the usefulness of SPI in studying the electronic and geometrical structure of adsorbates on surfaces. In a previous paper 11) (referred to as I) energy distributions of electrons ejgcted from clean and CO-covered Pd(ll1) surfaces by impact with metastable He 2lS (excitation energy EX=20.6eV) and 23S(E*=19.8eV) have been reported. These results have been verified both experimentally and theoretically as due to the operation of the Penning ionization (=Auger deexcitation)mechanism, via He* + CO/Pd(lll)-+ He + CO+/Pd(lll) f e-. (1) Recently a first theoretical analysis (2) (referred to as II) of surface Penning ionization (SPI) appeared in which the potential energy curves, ionization rates and angle distributions of the emitted electrons for the same system were obtained. The results of this analysis can be summarized as follows: (1) The well depths of the interaction potential energy curves between the collision partners in the initial and final states are both very small+and indicate a "hard core" type collision process.. The ionization rate I'(R) decays exponentially as a function of 0 **-He* internuclear separation. This means $hat most of the ionization events take place at the classicai turning point Rm between the collision partners and it is a reasonable approximation to assume the ionization transition to occur only at Xm. (2) The angle distributign foq electrons emitted from an isolated CO molecule with a single He at Rm is written in partial-wave expansion as (2)


We investigate the effects of r-process elements on the electromagnetic wave emission from peculiar core-collapse supernovae. We perform a series of radiative transfer simulations based on one-dimensional hydrodynamical explosion models. Varying the mass of 56Ni and r-process nuclei, we examine the effects of r-process elements on the light curves. The 56Ni-powered explosion models with a large amount of r-process-rich material show redder color because the high opacity of r-process elements suppresses the emission at shorter wavelengths. Comparing the results with the color of observed super-novae, we find that the upper limit for the production of r-process elements is 0.1M ⊙ for 56Ni-powered supernovae.


The actomyosin cytoskeleton is an active semi-flexible polymer network whose non-equilibrium behaviors regulate both cell elasticity and fluidity to maintain or change cell shape. Unlike the induction of contractile flows, the maintenance of dynamic stability in highly labile yet internally pre-stressed active materials remains unknown. To this end, we synthesize a biomimetic active nematic liquid crystal from long semi-flexible actin filaments driven out-of-equilibrium by myosin motor activity. We identify new actomyosin interactions that govern the dynamic architecture and mechanical response of the network to active stresses. These responses include dynamic steady states, in which myosin induces transverse plucking of actin filaments, whose curvatures show anomalous and strongly coupled fluctuations across a broad spectrum of filament bending modes. These fluctuations break detailed balance, yet promote dynamic stability in a network predisposed to instabilities. Furthermore, the actomyosin interactions that maintain dynamic stability are fundamentally distinct from those that drive contractile flows of actomyosin networks.


The efficiency of virgin lands development and their use is analysed on the base of long-term research work and production data records.


Temporal oscillations in BrO–3–H2SO4–Ce4+–ascorbic acid–acetone/cyclohexanone have been studied in detail. It is observed that two types of oscillatory regimes separated by a time pause occur. Synchronous oscillations in colour and redox potentials are also observed, as are oscillations in [Br–] of very low amplitude (ca. 15 mV). The lower and upper limits of reactant concentrations and the temperature between which oscillations occur have been determined. Addition of a sufficient amount of Ag+, Hg2+, liquid Br2 and CCl4 stops the oscillations which can be revived by the addition of potassium bromate solution in all cases except CCl4. Oscillations in a CSTR (continuously stirred tank reactor) have also been observed. It is suggested that sequential oscillations occur on account of decomposition of ascorbic acid into oxalic acid. The first type of oscillation occurs on account of ascorbic acid–acetone acting as a mixed substrate while type II oscillations occur after a pause due to decomposition of ascorbic acid into oxalic acid so that oxalic acid with acetone or cyclohexanone acts as the second mixed substrate.


Because of the complexity of the track traffic station environments, single data transmission method was unable to satisfy the request of wireless communication. In this paper, a 3G/WiFi combined wireless network data transmission method based on the loosely-coupled mode for the characteristic of track traffic station is introduced. According to the examination of correspondence signal strength in the traffic station, it can realize free switching among the heterogeneous network,and then makes superiority supplementary between 3G and WiFi technical. In order to realize smooth switching, some optimal strategy and algorithms based on the vertical switch are considered in the paper, which take consideration of three fators of signal strength, the hysteresis and the beacon union. According to the simulation, the throughput is lower than 3 bit/s, the packet dropout falls to 0.6 packet/ms, and the transmission delay is about 0.6s, which has effectively avoid the delay, the loss of data packet as well as the ping-pang phenomenon during the switching, and finally help the workers solve kinds of problems in the track traffic station.


The topic is relevant since the research into the relationship between the monetization level of the country's economy and other macroeconomic indicators is insufficient. The latter negatively affects the country's economy as it is hard to find effective methods and tools for its development. The article aims to examine the monetization level of the country's economy and its macroeconomic indicators, develop the model of their dependence, and evaluate it. Regression analysis is the leading method used in the study to build the multiple regression model. The latter helps to assess the extent to which macroeconomic indicators of economic development influence the monetization level of the country's economy. The geographical spectrum of the study comprises five countries, namely Germany, China, Turkey, Poland, and Ukraine. The built model accounts for the differences between economically developed and developing countries and the following macroeconomic indicators: Exchange Rates, Employment Rate, GDP per capita, Minimum Wage level, Customer Price Index, etc. Through the correlation between the country's economic saturation with liquid assets and other macroeconomic indicators, the model allows finding methods and tools to improve the country's economic development.


We contrast the Farmer and Guo sunspots model with the Hansen indivisible labor real business cycle model using impulse responses, growth spectra, and Watson's measure of fit for calibrated models. We find that the sunspots model is better able to reproduce the typical spectral shape of growth rates found in the data. However, the model, characterized by production externalities and aggregate increasing returns, generates excessive investment volatility and overstates high frequency behavior in employment, investment and output series. The introduction of adjustment costs, in conjunction with separate externality parameters to capital and labor inputs, can reduce these weaknesses substantially, though this may require the assumption of an implausible level of increasing returns.


This research objective was to study the achievement of promoting the scientific attitude andexpected child-centered learning ability using Constructionism approach and Science project as a tool oflearning. The research expected that science teachers from the expanded opportunity education schoolsunder 8 educational service area offices in 5 provinces of western Thailand (Ratchaburi, Kanchanaburi,Petchaburi, Samutsakorn and Samutsongkram) who involve in this research will get expected achievementand then can be transfer to their students. The curriculum includes 1) The Constructionism training to buildup thinking perception 2) The science learning processes training. After that, the participants will beencouraged to use science project as a tool of learning. The teachers who join to this project had beenevaluated by mix evaluation method. These aspects were distributed to 1) 3 characteristics showing thescientific attitude, i.e. Inquisitiveness, Open-minded and Creativity 2) 11 characteristics showing expectedchild-center learning ability, i.e. Participating, Self-confidence, Reasonability, On time working, Problemdetermination, Solution introducing, Expedient planning, Participating with enjoyment, Self-satisfactionwith works, Colleague-endeavor realization, and Logical and systematic thinking. The result shows thatthis set of training curriculum can promote 35 attendants' all scientific attitude characteristics and 10expected child-center learning characteristics. 27 attendants, who were trained previously by this researchcurriculum, volunteer to conduct science project under continuous guidance. The result shows thatattendants can improve their all scientific attitude characteristics and 6 expected child-center learningcharacteristics, either. These results indicate using the curriculum together can improve the all scientificattitude and expected child-center learning characteristics, effectively. Keywords : Child-centered Learning / Constructionism / Science Project / Learning Achievement


Autocad is one of popular draw software in the world.In the course of using it,most of users often need some knowledges to aid design and produce lots of valuable knowledges.To satisfy the need of user at great extent,this article brings forward an effective method of realizing design knowledge management oriented Autocad by using VBA.Its' central theory is that menu run relevant VBA application to connect with design knowledge base.


There are substantial sex/gender differences in the prevalence and burden of ASCVD. George et al. evaluated the age and sex distribution of 60,155 incidences in men and 54,704 in women representing the initial presentation of a wide range of 12 major cardiovascular diseases, showing that myocardial infarction, but not unstable and stable angina, predominantly developed in men aged 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, and 60–69 years. The prevalence of traditional ASCVD risk factors and their differential impact in men and women, as well as the emerging and nontraditional risk factors, may contribute to the gender differences in ASCVD incidence. However, understanding the mechanisms leading to different outcomes in men and women remains to be elucidated. Given the evidence that experimental studies consistently demonstrate that estrogen has beneficial physiological effects on the vascular endothelium at cellular and molecular levels, it is imperative to clarify the precise mechanism of how the depletion of estrogen causes vascular derangement in women after menopause.


Theorization of Deng Xiaoping's idea of "Socialist Market Economic Structure" is currently in progress in China. However. the theoretical approaches have aroused various controversies at the same time. The heated controversies among Chinese scholars led to the diversification and segmentation of the theoretical spectrum. Scholars are now divided into several schools such as the extreme right. right. neutral. left and extreme left. In the midst of controversies. there is a distinguished voice arising ¬the "Gradual Development" theory. This theory appeared as a result of an effort to mediate the controversies among scholars and minimize the conflicts and contradictions in the theoretical development. The purpose of this paper is to organize and analyze various issues that arose as China adopted socialist market economic system. It discusses the following issues in chronological order: the switchover from planned economy to the socialist market economy. the appearance of socialist elementary stage theory which aimed at solving the conflicts that appeared as China introduced socialist market economy theory. the relationship between commodity economy and market economy. the arguments regarding the time of introduction and the characteristics of market economy in China. the appearance of the "Gradual Development" theory (division of different stages. formation of the theory). etc. The ultimate goal of this paper is to understand the standpoints and methodologies of Chinese scholars with regard to the issues related to socialist market economy theory, generalize and analyze their points of view. and finally predict the future development of China's socialist market economy and its theorization process.


In this paper, a novel incremental conductance (INC) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method based on extension neural network (ENN) is developed to make full use of photovoltaic (PV) array output power. The proposed method can adjust the step size to track the PV array's maximum power point (MPP) automatically. Compared with the conventional fixed step size INC and variable step size INC methods, the presented approach is able to effectively improve the dynamic response and steady state performance of a PV system simultaneously. A theoretical analysis and the design principle of the proposed method are described in detail. Some simulation results are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed ENN MPPT method.


The purpose of the study is to assess the competitiveness of hotels and restaurants in the regional market of Kryvyi Rih. The competitiveness of hotel and restaurant establishments in the regional market of Kryvyi Rih is analyzed. The analysis was conducted according to the following criteria: range of additional services, design, pricing policy, food outlets, availability of loyalty programs, level of service, location. A comparative analysis of the number of research institutions was conducted. It is established that the largest range of rooms among the analyzed. establishments in Kryvyi Rih has "Reikartz Aurora Kryvyi Rih". In terms of the number of rooms, the market leaders are Park House, Druzhba and Reikartz Aurora Kryvyi Rih. An analysis of the pricing policy of institutions. Significant differentiation of prices in the market of hotel services in Kryvyi Rih has been established. The cost of rooms in hotels that are part of the national hotel and restaurant chain "Reikartz" ("Reikartz Aurora Kryvyi Rih", "Optima Deluxe Kryvyi Rih", "Raziotel Kryvyi Rih") includes the cost of breakfast. in Druzhba and MIZAR Hotel & Restaurant the cost of meals is paid by the guest separately. In the hotel complex "Park House", depending on the category of rooms, the cost of breakfast is included in the price of accommodation only in more expensive rooms. Analysis of the competitiveness of institutions according to guest reviews showed that the highest score is "Park House. MIZAR Hotel & Restaurant and Druzhba have high marks. According to guests, Reikartz Aurora Kryvyi Rih has an overall score of 8.4 points and is inferior to competitors in most criteria: staff, value for money, comfort, convenience, cleanliness, free WI-FI. For further development of competitive advantages of the analyzed institutions, measures to expand the range of additional services, optimize pricing policy and constantly improve the quality of services provided are relevant.


Cloud Computing is on demand network, data access anywhere anytime. Pay per model is gaining commercial day by day. Due to the popularity of cloud and all time availability, the security issue is again the main concern nowadays. The client don't know where the data is stored and in which datacenter. The distributed nature of cloud is again the point of security in cloud and also gives the chance to malicious activities to be carried out very easily. Cloud computing presents the abstract layer to user for storing their confidential data hiding their architectural details. Due to this whenever the malicious activity happens in cloud, it becomes very difficult to trace. This gives rise to new area of research in the field of digital forensics that has unique challenges and opportunities in context of cloud. This paper presents the detail study of malicious activity that can be carried out in cloud and with the help of some case studies and detailed methodology of proposed architecture earlier mentioned in the paper.


The process, the characteristics, the origin, the development and the expansion of books on WTO are introduced. Reading of the authoritative, pertinent and applicable books on WTO is given. Collection methods of books on WTO are systematically explained based on the present situation in university libraries.


Combined with practical operation of a biomass direct-fired power pant in South China, the whole life cycle of the process, including biomass growing, transportation, pretreatment, combustion power generation and power plant manufacturing are analyzed by means of LCA. The energy consumption and the impact on environment in each stage are also collected and calculated. The results show that 2182.32 MJ fossil energy is consumed to generate 104 kWh power. The total loading of the impact on environment is 13.45 PET2000 and the mainly impact on environment is soot and ashes. Compared with coal-fired power, biomass direct-fired power plant can reduce 5282.87 kg CO2 emissions during the process of generating 104 kWh power, which plays a positive part in mitigating greenhouse gases.


In most cases, software projects exceed their estimated effort. It is often assumed that inaccurate estimates are the main reason for these overruns. Contrarily, our results show that this assumption is not reasonable in many cases. We conducted a survey to gather data on the current situation of software development effort estimation. Apart from objective criteria, we also asked the participants for their subjective perceptions of the estimates. The participants' perceptions indicate that they do not agree with the objective assessments as 82% perceive their estimate as 'good' despite large overruns and provide reasonable arguments for their perceptions. Furthermore, many projects do not re-estimate the effort due to change requests leading to meaningless comparisons of estimated and actual effort. As a consequence, research needs to find new measures to assess the actual estimation accuracy. Besides the actual estimation process, professionals need to intensify their effort to manage the estimation processes' surroundings.


The study aimed to perform the non-destructive testing of the homogeneity of the SMC structure using an infrared camera. Flat reference samples and various defect systems were made, among others, inclusions of polymer and Fe-based filler were added, impurities and cracks were prepared. The heating and cooling of material samples was recorded as the sequence of infrared images. It allowed to detect of the areas with different thermal properties. Based on the results of thermographic measurements, a comparative analysis of data from samples with defects and without defects was made. In addition, inference was made on the basis of information on crafted defects. It is assumed that it will be possible to develop new defect detection methods in SMC materials based on the obtained temperature distribution images. This will enable you to identify defects such as inclusions, lack of homogeneity, cracks or distortions in the structure of the investigated material.


This contribution presents a tool elaborated from a theoretical framework linking epistemological, learning and didactical hypotheses. This framework lead to design teaching sequences from a socio‐constructivist perspective, and is based on the role of models in physics or chemistry, and on the role of students' initial knowledge in learning processes. This tool, formatted as a 'grid', is applied to one example in physics (optics, grade 11), and to one example in chemistry (conductivity, grade 11). Both these examples are taken from the important activity our team has developed from several years, in collaboration with upper secondary school science teachers, in order to design teaching sequences and experiment them in real classrooms.


© Stem Cell Investigation. All rights reserved. Stem Cell Investig 2022;9:5 | https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/sci-2022-031 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer with high mortality rates globally. Poor prognosis is associated with eventual treatment resistance and disease relapse, which are often attributed to the presence of a small subset of tumor cells characterized by stem cell-like phenotypes, commonly known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs possess several key traits such as self-renewing potential, ability to initiate tumor growth, and resistance to conventional therapies targeted at rapidly proliferating cells that form the tumor bulk. In recent years, significant advances have been made in understanding the biology of different tumor CSCs and their corresponding markers, as well as how they interact with the tumor microenvironment. As increasing evidence show that long-term tumor eradication requires eliminating not just the proliferative cells but also the tumor-initiating subpopulations (1,2), greater focus has been placed on developing therapeutic strategies that target CSCs, with potential for future clinical implementation. An important aspect of specifically targeting these tumor-initiating cells rely on the use of cell surface markers. Studies on liver CSCs have uncovered various cell surface antigens such as EpCAM, CD90, CD47, CD13, CD24, and CD133 that identify subpopulations of tumor-initiating cells in HCC (3-8). However, not all cell surface markers are functionally involved in regulating CSC phenotypes in HCC, and specific small molecule inhibitors against them are scarce. In a recent study by Leung et al. (9), the authors identified a novel CSC target for HCC, Eph receptor B2 (EPHB2), that not only acts as a membrane-bound CSC marker but also plays regulatory roles in promoting stemness properties in liver tumor cells. EPHB2 expression was found to increase progressively from normal liver to cirrhotic liver and to HCC in human and mouse models (9). EPHB2 belongs to a large family of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, which associate with membranebound ephrin ligands through cell-cell contact, leading to bidirectional intracellular signaling and activation of subsequent downstream signaling cascades (10). Eph receptors are involved in various cellular functions and processes, including cellular adhesion, cell migration, vascular development, cell proliferation and survival (10). The complexity of Eph receptor signaling also extends to its involvement in cancer. In fact, the role of EPHB2 in cancer is controversial, as it has been demonstrated to play both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive functions depending on the cellular context. In cancers such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, EPHB2 is overexpressed and promotes tumor progression and invasiveness (11-14). In contrast, EPHB2 exerts inhibitory effects on tumor cell migration and invasion, along with its downregulated expression, in cancers of the bladder and colon (15,16). In the context of CSCs, few studies have investigated EPHB2's role in regulating cancer stemness. EPHB2 was found to be highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells with intestinal stem cell-like phenotypes, and its expression gradually decreased as the cells became differentiated (17,18). In cervical cancer, EPHB2 was involved in orchestrating an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program which Editorial Commentary


RBM4 modulates alternative exon selection of Numb and up-regulates proneural Mash1 gene expression, possibly via specific Numb isoforms. RBM4 overexpression promotes neuronal cell differentiation. Moreover, RBM4 is essential for neurite outgrowth in primary cortical neurons by modulating specific Numb isoform expression.


If solutions of organic compounds, such as amine acids or carbohydrates, are treated with gamma rays, they show chemical changes and differences that are related to whether or not they contain quartz. Activation and radiation from the quartz produces these markedly accelerated reactions. The luminescent properties of the quartz increase with the degree of dispersion and heating, as well as with the intensity of the radiation and duration of the radiation period. A quartz-dependent reaction is shown by aqueous glycine solutions, where nitrite is formed. The solutions were irradiated in sealed plastic cells, for it is absolutely essential to prevent exposure to oxygen. The results are dependent on the duration of the radiation treatment. Not all amino acids give the same reaction, but the greatest difficulty is the limited sensitivity of the methods used to detect the reaction products. Nitrite formation is especially significant because of its biologically injurious effects. The minimal radiation time necessary to activate the quartz to produce a measurable effect can be demonstrated by a photomultiplier. After gamma radiation of the quartz for only 1 sec, 1300 scintillations are produced in 2 sec, and after radiation of 5 sec, 44000 scintillations are produced within 10 sec.more » These effects can be recorded on film using an exposure of 15 hr. The results show that an effect is produced with very small radiation exposure times. (BBB)« less


One hundred 2-year old 'Wolcott' blueberry plants were grown in sand culture with 5 levels each of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg and fruited in 1962 and 1963 in the greenhouse. The content of each of the 5 nutrient-elements in the leaves varied widely. Level of N affected the number of leaves and fruit per plant (+, −), fruit size (−), acidity (−), and ripening date (+), and the fruit-to-leaf ratio (F/L) of the bush (+). Foliar levels of P greater than 0.40% were associated with foliar interveinal chlorosis and abscission; low levels of P were associated with few leaves, a high F/L, and low berry weight. Leaves containing between 0.28 and 0.36% K showed foliar deficiency symptoms of K. High K was associated with high fruit acidity. No effects of nutrition upon the keeping quality of fruit were noted. High F/L had a greater effect than treatments upon fruit and was related to late ripening, low soluble-solids, and small size of the berries. With bushes having a high F/L, fruit weight and soluble solids decreased as the harvest season progressed until the ratio was between 1 and 2; thereafter, soluble solids content increased. Content of soluble solids varied inversely with per cent of crop ripening at a given time until a F/L between 1 to 2 was reached.


Hot‐rolled high‐strength steel (HSS) strips always present side‐camber after they are cut into subsections along the rolling direction. To deal with the potential strip shape defect of hot‐rolled HSS, the nonlinear finite element (FE) software is applied to establish a 3D model of pinch roll and strips to simulate the pinch rolling process before the hot rolling coiler. The effects of temperature distribution, roll wear, friction coefficient, initial strip flatness defects, and tension on the strip longitudinal extension distribution are studied along the width direction. The results indicate that the pinch roll wear presents a great influence on both the tendency and quantitative value of the strip longitudinal extension distribution. The maximum unevenness value is 178%, and the maximum differences of longitudinal strain between the center and edge of the strips reach to 51.43%. A newly pinch roll contour is proposed to improve the potential strip shape defects. After the industrial application, the average pinch roll wear thickness decreases from 180 to 120 μm. The hot rolled strips are cut into substrips and the maximum side‐camber value decreases from 12 to 3 mm, which meets the requirement from the auto part manufacturers.


Industrial communication protocols are a key factor on Industry 4.0. The big amount of data, the ability to prevent failures and deal with them in a friendly interface is priceless. But most of players of a protocol chain are not well prepared for system installation, commissioning and diagnose failures in time. Since the network scenario in industrial application has been stratified (by different technologies and by successive installations), lack of knowledge at lower levels could cause a big impact on the performance of Industry 4.0 services. In this context, this paper aims to present an online survey with 173 people which was carried out to investigate the experience of different industrial market segments dealing (at field level) with PROFIBUS protocol technology in Brazil. The analysis clearly shows the need for training and more information for the whole chain. In this paper, some methods are proposed to turn this easier: such as the partnership between companies and universities through donations or loans of tools, among others.


The comprehensive summary was made to the concept, system configuration, features, supporting technology, testing and application of DWDM in the article.


We describe the use of unintegrated parton distributions in hadron-hadron collisions, using the (z, k t)-factorisation prescription where the transverse momentum of the incoming parton is generated in the last evolution step. We apply this formalism to calculate the transverse momentum (P T) distribution of produced W and Z bosons, where the leading order contribution comes from quark-antiquark annihilation, and compare the predictions to Tevatron Run 1 data. We find that the shape of the P T distribution is well described over the whole P T range.


This paper expounds the necessity and inevitability of developing and innovating information science in our country,and analyzes on the development and innovation of information science from the angle of the philosophy.


Miniaturized printed-circuit-board wire antennas are investigated for wireless local access network (WLAN) and Bluetooth applications. The proposed wire antenna in F shape could have a much smaller area than an inverted F antenna with similar bandwidth. It is found an F antenna can usually be inductively tuned but the bandwidth decreases if the size is reduced from a quarter wave length. The bandwidth as a function of the antenna vertical and parallel arm lengths is characterized with numerical simulations. The antenna with an area of about 14 mm by 6 mm for 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, similar to the size of a chip, is designed and tested with a bandwidth of about 200 MHz. The antenna range and blind spot are also discussed.


Strategic entrepreneurship integrates the fields of strategy and entrepreneurship to consider firms' simultaneous engagement in opportunity- and advantage-seeking behaviors to create wealth. Since its conceptualization in the early 2000s, the study of SE has gained considerable momentum. At the same time, some scholars criticize SE and question its comprehensiveness as a way to understand the strategic application of entrepreneurship. We present a comprehensive review and integration of research related to the study of SE as a construct, theoretical model, and research domain. In doing this, we offer a research agenda across these different approaches to the study of SE.


It is often assumed that there is a sharp division between phonetic and phonological processes, but the two are often strikingly similar, as in the case of phonetic consonant–vowel coarticulation and phonological assimilation between consonants and vowels. Parallels of this kind are best accounted for if both types of phenomena are analysed within a unified framework, so similarities result from the fact that both phonetic and phonological processes are subject to the same constraints. A unified model of phonetics and phonology is developed and exemplified through the analysis of parallel phonetic and phonological assimilation processes. The model operates in terms of scalar phonetic representations to accommodate phonetic detail, but categorical phenomena can still be derived from the interaction of speech production constraints with constraints that motivate the formation of distinct categories of sounds for the purposes of linguistic contrast.


The sustainable land use in upper reaches of Minjiang river was evaluated using ecological footprint theory and related models to provide scientific basis for ecological agriculture development and formulation of sustainable development policy.The results showed that the per capita ecological footprint,per capita available ecological carrying capacity and ecological surplus in upper reaches of Minjiang river in 2007 were 1.9553hm2,3.3324hm2 and 1.3771hm2,respectively,which showed that the study area was in sustainable development stage.But there were great differences between the various land use types in per capita ecological footprint,arable land was in unsustainable use stage and ecological deficit was found,the others were in the sustainable use stage.


Severe plastic deformation (SPD) has arguably been the most effective top-down approach to producing bulk nanostructured materials from more conventional, coarse-grained ones. During SPD processing, a giant shear deformation of a material is combined with very high hydrostatic pressure to produce ultrafine (< 1 μm) or nanocrystalline (< 100 nm) grain structure. Despite the huge strain involved, popular SPD techniques practically do not change the dimensions of a work-piece, which makes them very attractive for future industry-scale applications. By appropriately choosing SPD processing parameters that give rise to desirable microstructure, one can produce materials with exceptional mechanical properties and in many cases unusual functional characteristics. A series of international events briefly referred to as NanoSPD conferences have become major forums for the growing community of researchers exploring the potential of severe plastic deformation as a means of producing bulk ultrafine-grained or nanostructured materials. The 7th International Conference on Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation in Sydney (2-7 July 2017) is the seventh in this series of conferences held on a triennial basis. It follows the conferences that took place in Moscow (1999), Vienna (2002), Fukuoka (2005), Goslar (2008), Nanjing (2011), and Metz (2014). NanoSPD conferences have provided an important platform for discussion of a wealth of challenging scientific problems and new technological developments in the NanoSPD area. These Proceedings contain a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at NanoSPD7 that cover the major themes of the conference. These include SPD processing techniques as well as microstructures, deformation mechanisms and properties of SPD-processed materials. Naturally, mechanical properties figure in the Proceedings most prominently, but functional properties, including biodegradation and biocompatibility, are represented as well. A number of articles are dedicated to modelling of SPD processes and the mechanical behaviour of bulk nanostructured materials. A historical perspective and a survey of the most important developments in the field since the NanoSPD6 conference in Metz as well as the emerging industry-scale applications of SPD-modified materials are given in an introductory article by R.Z. Valiev and T.G. Langdon. We would like to thank all those who contributed to the success of NanoSPD7. These include all conference participants, and especially the authors of the papers collected in these Proceedings, the International NanoSPD Steering Committee (www.nanospd.org), the Local Organising Committee (www.nanospd7.com), staff from ICMS Australasia Pty Ltd, and student helpers. We also appreciate the generous financial support from the conference sponsors.


Objective To find out the childhood abuse experience and its epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted among 485 undergraduate students, using anonymous self-administered questionnaire in April 2005. Results 94.6% of 485 undergraduate students investigated had abuse experience. Prevalence of childhood abuse experience was 88.0% for physical abuse, 92.8% of males and 80.8% of females ever had physical abuse experience; 74.4% for emotional abuse, 75.7% of males and 72.5% of females ever had emotional abuse experience; 26.6% for sexual abuse, 21.2% of males and 35.2% of females ever had sex abuse experience. Conclusions The results indicated that the problem of childhood abuse was common and serious in China, it was urgent to emphasize on this and enforce childhood abuse prevention and control programs.


Background: High concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) originating from a type-2 nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) located within the paranasal sinuses are measured in nasal air in man. NO is believed to play a central role in nonspecific defense of paranasal sinuses. Glucocorticoids (GCs), a therapeutic often used for a wide range of diseases, is known to strongly downregulate NOS2. Aims of the study: To investigate the effect of very high intravenous doses of GCs on nasal NO in man. Methods: Nasal NO was measured in 15 patients without any history of allergy or chronic airway disorder who were treated for 3 days with a daily dose of 1000 mg methylprednisolone for an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. Nasal NO was also measured in 30 matched control subjects. Results: In control subjects, the maximal value of nasal NO [mean (SE)] was 233 (8) part per billion (ppb), and did not differ from patients with multiple sclerosis [maximum value: 219 (13) ppb; left nostril: 214 (12) ppb; right nostril: 215 (12) ppb]. After GCs treatment, nasal NO increased in patients [maximum value: 250 (13) ppb (P < 0.0001); left nostril: 249 (12) ppb (P < 0.0001); right nostril: 244 (13) ppb (P < 0.0001)]. Conclusions: We conclude that GCs do not decrease but even increase nasal NO.


Once, as best I can recall, we were discussing heroes, and I tried to get him to discuss the concept of hero, from the individual-as-hero of the Greeks through the society-oriented hero of the Romans, mentioning several well-known scholars, but he refused even to consider it. "You're too much influenced by Greek and Latin already; too much of our literature and concepts are traced there already. Go beyond that, to the Sumerians, and before. Break the hold time has on you; get outside it."


Since the power system simulation software,such as PSASP and BPA,are accepted widely and the equipment in main power grids has been overlaid by SCADA in Jiangsu,the real-time data from SCADA can be obtained as the data source to construct the data package of the simulation software to replay power flow.In this paper,the data conversion software which quickly converts the real-time data after state estimation from SCADA in EMS to the data package of simulation software was programmed.The calculation results showed that the software is effective and helpful in workload saving.


This contribution proposes some case studies and suggestions to introduce – at different levels of learning – several concepts of undoubted importance in informatics. The starting point is a set of problems faced by students in various competitions or while trying to solve classic puzzles, logical and algorithmic riddles, strategy games, and computer graphics amusements. I intend to provide teachers with few tips, hopefully useful to develop and strengthen computational thinking in students' minds, at differing stages of their courses. The contents are concerned with: how to deal with knapsack problem and some hard problems on graphs (e.g. minimum vertex cover); comparisons between different greedy (efficient) algorithms, and exact (more complex) algorithms; examples of complementary problems or, more generally, problems that are equally demanding in terms of computational load; examples of puzzles (programmable by backtracking or by heuristic techniques or even as instances of exact cover set problem), the solutions of which consist either in a final state or in a sequence of moves to reach it; few hints to introduce strategy games for two competitors, impartial combinatorial ones as well; a didactic game, in which both players are dummy; finally, two notes about logical and algorithmic riddles (with some indicative examples) and graphic procedures related with computer science, both practical and theoretical.


Genealogical discordance, or when different genes tell distinct stories although they evolved under a shared history, often emerges from either coalescent stochasticity or introgression. In this study, we present a strong case of mito‐nuclear genealogical discordance in the Australian rainforest lizard species complex of Saproscincus basiliscus and S. lewisi. One of the lineages that comprises this complex, the Southern S. basiliscus lineage, is deeply divergent at the mitochondrial genome but shows markedly less divergence at the nuclear genome. By placing our results in a comparative context and reconstructing the lineages' demography via multilocus and coalescent‐based approximate Bayesian computation methods, we test hypotheses for how coalescent variance and introgression contribute to this pattern. These analyses suggest that the observed genealogical discordance likely results from introgression. Further, to generate such strong discordance, introgression probably acted in concert with other factors promoting asymmetric gene flow between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, such as selection or sex‐biased dispersal. This study offers a framework for testing sources of genealogical discordance and suggests that historical introgression can be an important force shaping the genetic diversity of species and their populations.


Aiming at improving information intelligent control from the image and video of the remote monitoring system in electromechanical products,the ARM core controller based on PLC was added as the controller's control system,a low cost embedded B/S mode of remote real time monitoring system scheme of electromechanical products was designed and implemented.The system utilized Video4linux to obtain electromechanical products' real time working image data by control USB camera,and realized image compression by PNG algorithm,completed the communication between ARM and PLC through the RS232 interface,from which can obtain the electromechanical products' real-time working parameters and transmit the control orders.The system was realized through the embedded Boa server and using B/S mode,CGI technology was used to realize the image and data remote real-time transmission with dynamic.The results indicate that the "ARM+PLC+Web" interaction of this combination of embedded system,to solve the problem that current mechanical and electrical products remote monitoring can not meet the image and video information intelligent processing needs,provides a good platform.


We provide a brief critical assessment of the concept of Kondo insulator (semiconductor) in view of the experimental results and a simple mean-field-like picture of correlated states within the Anderson-lattice model. A brief distinction between the Kondo semiconductors and either ordinary- or magnetic- (including Mott–Hubbard) -semiconductors is discussed.


DC power distribution gains popularity in future residential, renewable energy, transportation and data centers. Such dc system can be connected to ac system through bidirectional interface converter. Compared with isolated converters, transformerless solutions have the advantages of higher power density, efficiency, and lower cost. One concern about the non-isolated connection is the coupled common-mode voltage through ground and the resultant leakage current. In this paper, a two-stage cascaded single-phase ac-dc converter connecting 380 V bipolar dc system and 240 V split-phase ac system is used as an example to discuss the common-mode voltage attenuation. The cascaded converter uses full-bridges for both the ac-dc and the dc-dc stages to achieve decoupled common-mode voltage control. A common-mode equivalent circuit is established to analyze the origin of low-frequency common-mode voltage from the utility and high-frequency noise from the switching behavior of power converters. To attenuate high-frequency noise, a floating common-mode noise filter is connected across the ac and dc ports to contain the EMI noise within the converter. The low-frequency common-mode voltage is controlled by applying a common-mode duty cycle injection method to the full-bridge dc-dc stage. A 5 kW converter prototype is built to validate the attenuation method. The resultant dc bus voltage is symmetric to the ground and suitable for bipolar dc power distribution systems.


Given the effects of digital transformation on the tourism industry, the trends and paradigms in tourism have changed considerably, necessitating some creativity in the management of tourist villages as tourist destinations. The knowledge about the digitalization of tourism can in fact, help promote popular travelling sites, with both patrons and business owners benefitting from better systems of communication, reservation, and guest service. However, the institutional operations and management of the tourism awareness group (pokdarwis) in the community have yet to be optimally effective due to some institutional and managerial issues. Some 21st-century digital skills are identified to be helpful for this pokdarwis in its management of tourist villages, namely technical knowledge, information, communication, collaboration, creativity, and implementation of the Electronic Information and Transaction (ITE) Law. To support this effort, this community service activity (PKM) was carried out for 27 participants, who were all pokdarwis administrators, from May to October 2022, using a CBT approach. The results of the PKM activity indicate an increasing understanding that the ITE Law can provide a broad legal framework for online activities. There is also increasing awareness of social media as a communication medium that can facilitate online communication, exchange, and information access for the public, regardless of time or location. Of many social media platforms, YouTube and Instagram have become the options for publishing tourism information in Surau Village. It is nonetheless agreed that social media should be used with caution to avoid accusations of spreading false information and to ensure an effective implementation of the promotion activities. Considering this, mentoring in the use of social media in the marketing efforts will still be provided in the form of consultation, learning, and counseling.


The pyrolysis of ethyl formate, isopropyl formate, ethyl acetate, and isopropyl acetate has been carried out under conditions which favor the decomposition of these esters into the corresponding ac...


The present work investigates the consolidation of the stare decisis doctrine in common law, as the basis for understanding the phenomenon of  deprecedentarization  of trials recently introduced to the Brazilian legal framework, in order to evaluate its developmental potential. The main argument hereby presented wishes to demonstrate that the binding precedent microsystem, once established to create calculability and allow planning, may be theoretically essential for the development of a country and for the effectiveness of justice, through the foundation of the principles of legal security and equality, to allow the delivery of effective decisions.


This paper analyses the legal and medical aspects of the work of ethics
 committees on abortion. According to the legislation of the Republic of
 Serbia, these committees are competent to determine justifiable terms for
 abortion after the twentieth week of the fetus. It is well known that
 abortion is not only a medical but a legal, ethic, social and demographic
 problem as well. A liberal solution in view of abortion in the first
 trimester has been accepted in most European countries, as by the legislature
 of the Republic of Serbia. Since prenatal diagnosis cannot always determine
 the fetus state with certainty but at times may do so at a later stage,
 abortion is then required when the child is already capable of extrauterine
 life. The necessity for performing abortion in the third trimester is thus a
 result of good knowledge of techno-medicine but also from the limited
 information it provides. In such situations, the physician needs confirmation
 and justification of his standpoint with respect to abortion through a legal
 formulation which should contain "minimum moral". Society has found a way to
 protect and help him through moral and ethic forms of prevention without
 anybody's emotions being affected. Ethics committees should thus help the
 physician in view of determining the terms for performing late abortion,
 since the rules of doctor's ethics are not sufficient in this case. The
 article especially analyses the work of the Ethics Committee of the Clinical
 Center in Kragujevac in the period 2000-2010. It is stated that the largest
 number of cases referred to determined diseases or fetus anomalies while only
 a negligible number (11.29%) to the illness of the mother. There were no
 requests for abortions due to legal reasons (pregnancies from criminal
 offences). A significant number (40.28%) of requests submitted to the Ethics
 Committee related to pregnancies under the 24th week of pregnancy. Since a
 pregnancy of 24 weeks represents a boundary line between a miscarriage and
 preterm birth, the paper proposes a shift in the boundary line of pregnancies
 which must be terminated according to the Ethics committee, from 20 weeks of
 gestation to 24 weeks of gestation. At the same time, the requirement for
 narrowing legal conditions for abortion in later phases of pregnancies is
 pointed out as well as abolition of legal indications.


Y2O3-doped TiC N-based cermets were prepared by pressureless sintering with powders TiC, TiN, Ni, etc. as main starting materials. The influence of sintering processes and Y2O3 on properties of TiC N-based cermets were investigated. The phase composition of TiC N-based cermets almost had no change with Y2O3 addition. The fullly densified TiC N-based cermets were achieved by P-2 sitering process. The fracture surface showed lots of small dimples caused by hard phase particles pulling-off, and the left hard phase particles were attached to the arborous dendritic matrix. The Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of TiC N-based cermets increased firstly and then decreased with the increment of Y2O3 content. When Y2O3 contents were both 0.8 wt.%, compared with the P-1 sintered samples, the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness and bending strength of the P-2 sintered samples reached 14.84 GPa, 8.66 MPa·m1/2 and 660.4 MPa, which were increased by 7.9%, 6.1% and 45.8%, respectively.


With 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake,People more seriously consider the dispersing mechanisms of earthquake risk,insurance as a means to resolving risk can not be effectively applied.Through the analysis of foreign earthquake insurance fund model designed,we aimed at exploring a way that insurance industry plays an important role in earthquake relief.Advocated learning from international experience,earthquake insurance fund is established,serving as China's earthquake reinsurance company,to enhance resistance of earthquake risk,and to ensure that people get funds for the reconstruction through the channels of insurance in the event of an earthquake.


Objective The present study aimed to introduce the manufracture process of the suction tube special for the Piezoelectric surgery and explore its effect in the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars. Methods The sample consisted of 114 patients undergoing surgical third molar removal. The special suction tube was periodically used during the whole process of Piezoelectric surgery. Results The suction tube can quickly clear the mouth, essentially vacuuming up the excess liquid, splatter particles and aerosol away from the area of concern, offering a clear surgical field for the dentists. Meanwhile, the tube can be used as a retractor to raise the mucoperiosteum flap, to expose the operation field more clearly. Conclusion The suction tube special for the Piezoelectric surgery can be a simple and practical tool for the Piezoelectric surgery.


We have reported that airway nociceptors [C fibre receptors (CFRs) and high‐threshold Aδ fibre receptors (HTARs)] are activated during oleic acid (OA)‐induced acute lung injury. In the present studies, we tested the hypothesis that this nociceptor activation is mediated by arachidonic acid products. In anaesthetized, open‐chest, mechanically ventilated rabbits, we examined the response of the nociceptors to intravenous injection of OA before and after blocking the cyclo‐oxygenase pathways with indomethacin. Pretreatment with indomethacin (20 mg kg−1) decreased the background activities of both CFRs (from 0.48 ± 0.12 to 0.25 ± 0.08 impulses/s, n= 7, P < 0.05) and HTARs (from 0.54 ± 0.14 to 0.23 ± 0.08 impulses/s, n= 10, P < 0.01). It also blocked the response of the nociceptors to OA. Likewise, pretreatment with thromboxane synthase inhibitor (ketoconazole) also blocked the nociceptor response to OA. In addition, local microinjection or intravenous injection of a thromboxane mimetic stimulated CFRs and HTARs. The present results clearly indicate that arachidonic acid metabolites mediate airway nociceptor activation during OA‐induced acute lung injury and suggest that thromboxane may be a key mediator.


The increasing availability of high-resolution satellite imagery is one of several factors that is renewing interest in teaching photo interpretation skills both in academia and in the workplace. The Aerial Photointerpretation Course, developed by the NASA-funded Geospatial Workforce Development Project at the University of Mississippi, presents an unusual opportunity to remedy the neglect of photointerpretation in many university curricula in past years. Course development in Remote Sensing and GIS within the geospatial curriculum in recent decades has diverted attention from development of original teaching materials devoted specifically to photointerpretation. This newly developed course provides the opportunity to offer students with materials that can present basic concepts in the context of current technology and resources, and current workforce needs. Course content is presented in four units: (1) History and Significance, (2) Photographic Systems, (3) The Human Dimension to Photointerpretation, and (4) Applications. The applications unit consists of several components encompassing a broad range of subject areas, from Agriculture and Forestry, to Geology and Geomorphology, and to History and Archeology. The on-line format offers opportunity to deliver a high density of visual content to students, and to increase opportunities for students to acquire first-hand experience in photointerpretation. The on-line format also offers opportunities to use a wide range of sources and activities not normally available for conventional classroom presentation.


There is an increasing focus on the effectiveness of mental health promotion and prevention interventions worldwide. Many studies have shown that mental health promotion and prevention interventions can be effective in reducing mental, emotional and behavioural problems (Botvin et al., 2006 ; Hawkins et al., 2005 ; Hosman et al., 2004 ; Tobler and Stratton, 1997). This doctoral study was conducted with the intention to provide deeper understanding of mental health promotion and prevention programs' effectiveness in Croatian context. A study was a part of a project "Preffi – Quality Assurance in the County of Istria" initiated by the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences and the Department of Health and Social Services in County of Istria. Main assumption of the project was that the incorporation of evidence-based principles is crucial in improving the quality and effectiveness of mental health promotion and prevention practice. The study included 24 mental health promotion and prevention programs proposed by NGO's and other institutions from Istria and financed by the Department. All programs were assessed with the quality assessment instrument - Preffi 2.0. Programs were divided into two groups, experimental and control. Program's managers and deliverers from the experimental group were involved into the Training for Prevention intervention. In order to assess if the Training had an impact on programs' effectiveness, the outcome evaluation of programs from both conditions was conducted. The results of the study on metric characteristic of Preffi 2.0 shown that the instrument has a high content validity and that it is reliable in assessing the quality of programs' proposals. Concerning the predictive validity of Preffi 2.0, the results of a correlation analysis have shown that there is no significant correlation between total scores on Preffi 2.0 and the effect sizes of programs. However, it was found that there is a moderate, positive linear relationship between two Preffi clusters and effects of programs. A method of meta-analysis has shown that programs whose managers and deliverers were involved in the Training didn't achieve significantly higher scores on effectiveness comparing to those programs which were not involved in the Training. However, the analysis has shown that the Training for prevention influence on the programs' effect sizes is marginally significant at the level of 10% (p=.11). Programs' managers and deliverers who were involved in the Training achieve significantly higher scores on three Preffi clusters after the Training in comparison with programs which were not involved in the Training. Assessment of written programs' proposals with the Preffi 2.0 instrument has offered an insight into each program's quality level and into the average quality level of 24 programs from the County of Istria. The results suggest that the general quality level of the assessed programs' proposals from the County of Istria is rather low. Existing strengths and weaknesses of assessed programs are detected and described. Based on the study results, recommendations for Preffi 2.0 and Training for Prevention improvement and future studies are given. Perspectives of the Preffi 2.0 and Training for Prevention in improving prevention capacities in Croatia are also elaborated in this doctoral dissertation.


Introduction. High turnover of nurses in rural healthcare settings contributes to challenges in healthcare delivery. Various incentive packages have been introduced in rural healthcare settings to curb this phenomenon, but the canker still exists. The study aimed at assessing the predictive role of job satisfaction, rural fit, and resilience on nurses' retention in rural Ghana. Materials and Methods. A multicentre cross-sectional design was adopted to collect data from 462 nurses. Analysis through descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson moment product correlation, and multiple regression was done. Results. There was low resilience and rural fit among nurses with higher turnover intention, which was predicted by average daily attendance (β = 0.108), rural fit (β = −0.144), resilience (β = −0.350), satisfaction with prospects (β = −0.187), and satisfaction with prospect and pay (β = −0.171) at the significance of 0.05. Conclusion. Policymakers can be assured that not just improving financial incentives to nurses, but the integration of nurses to rural settings, commensurate workload and improving pay and prospects for professional growth and resilience are needed for rural retention. Implications for nursing management, nurse managers, and policymakers have a role to develop sustainable strategies to integrate rural fit, resilience, and job satisfaction to help reduce turnover among nurses.


roidism has been described although mention is made of parathyroid gland hyperplasia at operation or autopsy (MacMahon 1950, Benedict 1962). The premature appearance of secondary sex characteristics, advanced skeletal maturation and accelerated linear growth are clearly manifestations of endocrine activity. As there have been clinical effects from and pathological changes reported in other endocrine glands, there appears to be a pluriglandular disturbance in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. The absence of demonstrably elevated levels of gonadotrophins and cestrogens in the presence of obvious clinical changes is suggestive of increased target gland and tissue sensitivity to circulating hormones. In this situation target glands such as adrenal cortex, thyroid, gonads and breast tissue would have an enhanced response to normal prepubertal or minimally elevated levels of pituitary hormones.


A hot stamping model of the B-pillar was established based on LS-DYNA software.Using thermo-mechanical-metallurgical coupled analytical method,distribution of the temperature,thickness,microstructure,and stress-strain of the sheet metal were obtained.Simulation results show that the microstructure of the hot forming part is nearly fully martensite(wt%,0.008 ferrite,0.01 pearlite,0.01bainite,96.68 martensite);the hardness is 513HV;yield stress is 734.2MPa and shell thickness ranges from 1.11mm to 2.18mm.Simulation results agree with experimental ones.These indicate that the thermo-mechanical-metallurgical coupled model is reliable.


In this paper leading twist light cone wave functions of 2S state charmonium mesons are studied and models of these functions are built.


In this study, a new display device based on physical contact and evanescent coupling is developed. The device consists of a glass substrate as a waveguide and electrostatically-driven multi-cantilevers on a silicon substrate. The incident light guided into the waveguide is transferred into the cantilevers due to the physical contact and the evanescent coupling between the waveguide and the multi-cantilevers when a voltage is applied. By the contact, the switched light is emitted from the side-edge of the contacted multi-cantilevers. The widely emitted output-light is realized by the integration of the cantilevers and the simplified structure. Therefore, the device is expected as the display application. The device is fabricated using MEMS process and bonding process. From the experimental results, a contrast of 0.9 is obtained at 170V, and the stable drive is attained up to 1KhZ. As a result, the usefulness of the device structure is confirmed.


The article focuses on the history of the establishment of creative unions of cultural workers in the territory of Bashkortostan. The role of these organizations in the creative life of certain workers of culture and art is evaluated. The problems of interaction between composers and artists within creative unions are represented. The authors give some specific examples to show the way the ideological policy influenced the activity of creative unions in the sphere of art in the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The conclusion is drawn that the activity of creative unions in the sphere of art in the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic greatly influenced the development of culture as a whole in the republic.


An overview of the technology needed to support the development of high-assurance software is given. The discussion is based on extending methods and tools that have been used successfully to construct systems which enforce a confidentiality property. Experience has shown that the use of formal methods, highly structured designs and rigorous testing in combination can result in systems that can enforce confidentiality with a high degree of assurance. This technology aids in the correct implementation of the desired property and provides a means of transferring assurance of its correct operation to parties not directly associated with its development by providing a clear understanding of the requirements and the design of the system.<<ETX>>


In this paper, we design the cycle auction mechanism to dynamically allocate the users among all base stations (BSs) for single-tier and two-tier heterogeneous networks (HetNets) to improve the system spectrum efficiency (SE). The cycle auction algorithm (CAA) is proposed to trade the users with the lowest energy efficiency (EE) among the BSs for both HetNets. The user EE is the basis for the seller to select one user as the goods, and the system SE is the criteria for the auctioneer to determine the buyer who trades the goods with the seller. In a single-tier HetNet, a small cell BS (SBS) acts as a seller as well as an auctioneer, and the rest of the SBSs can directly quote to the seller. In a two-tier HetNet, the macro cell base station (MBS) is the auctioneer who can either participate in bidding or sell its user, and the auction results made by the MBS depend on the sellers' reserved price and the buyer's bidding price. Simulation results demonstrate that the CAA can significantly improve system SE in both single-tier and two-tier HetNets.


There is no difference between the inherent musicality of people with impaired hearing and those with normal hearing. This applies even to the profoundly deaf, provided that music can adequately be perceived. Recognising the shortcomings of hearing aids designed primarily for speech, the author shows how music listening for the deaf can be very considerably improved by using readily available equipment to process sound in particular ways to compensate for different types of hearing deficiency. He observes that some deaf people seem able to perceive music, especially the pitch of notes, more clearly than others who are substantially less hearing impaired. A possible explanation for this paradox is given.


Zero-shot recognition (ZSR) refers to predict the categories of the unseen new images that never appear in the training set. Seen classes belong to the training set and unseen classes belong to the test set. Typically, most of the previous works focus on solving how to embed the space between visual and semantic representation. In this paper, we argue that the salience of the image can provide more discriminative information for ZSR. We propose a framework that first detects the salient objects in image, and then locates the most interested salient region and extracts the features in it. We use the convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract the visual features of the salient region and maps them to both user-defined and latent attributes. Ablation study on two challenging ZSL datasets is conducted. The experimental results demonstrate the salient latent features extracting from the salient origins can improve the recognition accuracy in a great deal.


Objective To investigate the value of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst.Methods The ultrasound images were retrospectively analyzed in the 63 patients with epidermoid cyst confirmed by surgery and pathological test.Results A total of 66 lesions were detected in 63 patients and the features of images could be classified into 3 types including 18 cases of homogeneous echo pattern,40 cases of inhomogeneous echo pattern,8 cases of mixed echo pattern,respectively.Blood flow signal could not be detected within all types of lesions,but markedly increased punctiform and strip blood flow signals could be detected around the lesions in 4 cases of mixed echo pattern.Conclusion High frequency ultrasound is of important value in the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst.


In this study, we have proposed an alternative approach for sentence modeling problem. The difficulty of the choice of answer, the semantically related questions and the lack of syntactic closeness of the answers give rise to the difficulty of selecting the answer. The deep learning field has recently achieved a pivotal success in semantic analysis, machine translation, and text summaries. The essence of this work, inspired by the human orthographic processing mechanism and using multiple convolution filters with pre-rendered 2-Dimension (2D) representations of sentences, input or output size is to learn the basic features of the language without concerns. For this reason, the semantic relations in the sentence structure are learned by the convolutional variational auto-encoders first, and then the question and answer spaces learned by the auto-encoders are linked with proposed intermediate models. We have benchmarked five variations of our proposed model, which is based on Variational Auto-Encoder with multiple latent spaces and able to achieve lower error rates than the baseline model, which is the base Convolutional LSTM.


The majority of legal systems in Western democracies accord special treatment to religions, e.g. exemptions from generally applicable laws if they conflict with religious convictions. Other beliefs do not usually enjoy such far‑reaching tolerance on the part of the state. The article raises the question of how granting such privilege to religious views can be justified. Arguments of some philosophers (e.g. Thomas Hobbes') which suggest that an intolerant attitude might sometimes be disadvantageous are in fact only instrumental, and do not prove that tolerance is a moral virtue. This last claim only follows from the arguments of John Stuart Mill and John Rawls, who exemplify two basic approaches in ethics, i.e. utilitarianism and deontology. None of the analyzed arguments for freedom of conscience and religion distinguishes between religious and other beliefs, which suggests that the existing differences in their moral and legal treatment cannot be justified. Therefore, the question arises of whether legal regulations regarding religious and other beliefs should not be equated, so that religious views are not privileged.


The power control apparatus (1) the collection unit (2), the determination unit (3) is provided with a lead portion (4) and the execution unit (5). Collecting portion (2) collects information relating to the operation and the operation of the bus of the processing unit. Determination unit (3) determines the operating frequency and operating voltage of the processing unit based on each information collected. Deriving unit (4) based on each information collected, time and bus to the processing unit stops the operation to estimate the time to stop the operation. Deriving unit (4), the power consumed in the estimated time, total power consumption is calculated in addition to power consumed when switching the operation of the processing unit based on the determined operating frequency and operating voltage derives a calculated total power consumption, the discriminant obtaining a difference between the power consumption before switching. Execution unit (5) performs the switching of the operating frequency and operating voltage of the processing unit based on the value of the discriminant equation.


Gaseous air pollutants are frequently present together in the environment downwind from industrial developments and thus have the potential to cause interactive effects on biological receptors. Accordingly, an investigation was conducted to determine how combinations of the gaseous pollutants, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) affect a major crop. Open-air field plots of soybeans (Glycine max L.) were exposed to eight different dose levels of SO2 and NO2, alone and in combination, in the presence of ambient ozone (O3) during 1980 and 1981. The soybean plots were fumigated on 10 occasions in both years of the study during the pod-filling period for an average exposure time during fumigation of approximately 3 h. Mean concentrations during fumigation periods ranged from 0.13 to 0.42 ppm SO2 and 0.06 to 0.40 ppm NO2. Premature senescence, as measured by chlorophyll degradation, was observed in the combined pollutant plots in both years of the experiment. Fumigations with NO2 alone had no effect...


● CTS.02.02.09 has been modified to apply only to opioid treatment programs. In addition, CTS.02.02.09, EP 1, has been deleted because it is superseded by Leadership (LD) Standard LD.04.03.09 addressing contracted services. If physical health assessments or diagnostic and laboratory tests are necessary or relevant to the care, treatment, or services provided to the individual served, then the organization must contract for these services and not merely make a referral. The deletion of CTS.02.02.09, EP 1, supports the expectation that all care, treatment, or services be of the same quality whether provided directly by the organization or through a contracted service. The revisions, which became effective August 27, 2012, have been published in the recently mailed 2012 Update 2 to the Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Behavioral Health Care and will appear in the E-dition® this fall. The box below displays the revisions; new text is underlined and deleted text is shown in strikethrough. Questions about these changes may be directed to Lynn Berry, project director, Department of Standards and Survey Methods, at email@example.com. P APPROVED: Revised Behavioral Health Care Requirements to Eliminate Redundancy


The elastic properties of single crystalline FeCr2S4 have been investigated as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The temperature dependence of the sound velocity is characterized by three distinct anomalies, namely at the Curie temperature TC=167 K, at T∼60 K, and at T∼15 K. For T<TC the sound velocity and, thus, the shear modulus depend on the magnetic field. The concurrence of elastic and magnetic anomalies in the ferrimagnetic state suggests that they are of a common origin. From the experimental observations it is concluded that orbital ordering induces a lattice distortion below T=60 K.


A highly ion-selective membrane for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) consisting of sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) and polyoxometalate coupled with a graphene oxide was designed and fabricated. The SPAEK/PW-mGO composite membrane showed an effectively low self-discharge rate and excellent Coulombic efficiency (98.73%) in VRBs.


This study reports a method for the stereoselective copper(I)-catalyzed defluoroborylation of aliphatic gem-difluoroalkenes to afford (Z)-monofluoro-substituted borylalkenes. Gem-difluoroalkenes bearing a variety of functional groups were efficiently borylated with high stereoselectivity. A theoretical study of the reaction mechanism is also described.


Abstract: We present here a case of Klinefelter's syndrome with epileptic psychosis. The patient was a 30‐year‐old male, who suffered from epilepsy for 23 years. He showed auditory hallucination, delusion of reference and delusion of grandeur. At present there are some cases of Klinefelter's syndrome with various psychiatric symptoms, but there are few cases of Klinefelter's syndrome with epileptic psychosis. These various neuropsychiatric symptoms of the present case are thought to be associated with a specific effect of chromosomal abnormality through the cerebral dysfunction.


The cryostat for the 'Herschel Space Observatory' for the European Space Agency (ESA) science program, planned for a launch with Ariane 5 in 2007, is designed for 6 days ground hold time and 3.5 years lifetime in orbit. The system comprises two tanks containing about 346 kg of liquid and superfluid Helium, with two cryogenic cold safety valves and burst disks, surrounded by three vapor cooled shields and a vacuum vessel. The safety system is two faults tolerant with three independent paths for pressure relief. The analyses of failure modes and resulting mass flows and the safety elements of the cryogenic system will be discussed.


The classical Bespalov Talanov(B T)theory is not suitable for modulations propagating in the nonlinear stage.We extend this theory to the case of large signals nonlinear growing.It is shown that the small scale modulations and the background field exchange their energy periodically.Numerical simulations confirm the analytical results.


San Antonio--Patients who have other primary cancers are at higher risk for being identified with a renal tumor. But while physicians should have a low threshold for looking for renal cancer, the risk is not high enough to warrant that all patients in this population should be screened, according to a new study.


Lichtenstein.Objectives. To estimate efficiency of Y-plasty at inguinal hernias. Methods. The research covering 80 patients has been conducted. The operation by the technique of I.L. Lichtenstein was carried out in 42 patients; they made up the group of clinical comparison (GCC).Using own designed technique of Y-plasticity 38 patients who made up the main group (MG) were operated on. Results. While performing the herniaplasty by I.L. Lichtenstein (GCC) the time of surgery was 52,5±13,3 minutes. Using our own designed surgical technique (MG) the duration of the operation made up 41,6±13,9 minutes. There was no any complications during the early postoperative period both in GCC and in MG. Within the period from 12 months up to 2 years the results of surgical treatment in 30 patients from MG and in 36 of GCC were analyzed. Recurrence of hernias and the late complications were not observed. Applying the Y-plasty technique fewer cases of the postoperative pains and discomfort in the operation zone in comparison with I.L. Lichtenstein technique has been revealed. In GCC patients unpleasant feelings (discomfort, sensation of a foreign body) and pain in the operation field were registered in 22% of cases. In MG unpleasant feelings and rare pains in the field of operation were noted in 3 (10%) the patients. Conclusions. The Y-plasty technique at inguinal hernias has all advantages of the present "tension-free" techniques and in patients less than 50 years with hernias of II, IIIА, and IIIВ types can compete in efficiency with prosthetic techniques. The "tension-free" technique at inguinal hernias is simple in use and can reliably and quickly repair inguinal hernia without the application of prosthetic material. At Y-plasty of inguinal hernias the smaller number of cases of the postoperative painful manifestations and discomfort in the intervention zone in comparison with the operation by I.L. Lichtenstein is registered.


Abstract Thirty sites were sampled in three New Zealand rivers (Waikato, Maitai, and Wakapuaka) during late summer 1977. Samples were collected from just below the surface at mid river or in the tailraces below hydro‐electric dams. Parameters measured included bacterial numbers (direct counts), heterotrophic potential (Vmax ), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), chlorophyll a (Chi a), and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. Bacterial populations per millilitre fluctuated threefold (6.4–19.4 × 105) along the Waikato River and were lower and more consistent in the two South Island rivers (1.46–2.55 × 105). In contrast, Vmax varied 5000‐fold in the Waikato River, from a characteristically oligotrophic value of 0.0035 μg. l−1·h−1 (Lake Taupo outlet) to a eutrophic value of 18.4 μg. l−1·h−1 at the Mihi bridge. Vmax for the two South Island rivers ranged from 0.0091 to 0.189 μg. l−1 · h−1. ATP, Chi a, Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total phosphorus concentrations for the 20 sites on the Wai...


The paper investigates what the ideal middle-class labors should be by studying Samuel Smiles' anthology which can be the representative of social value and gained a lot of popularity in Victorian Age, 1837-1901. What kind of role in the country, society and individual family should the labors play? How should the labors establish the spirit of self-help and respect? This paper will discuss how the Samuel Smiles' anthology built a theoretical frame to connect the labor individuality and society and country.The paper is composed of three parts. The first part states the formation of attention to the labors. The second states the well interior spirit and cultivation of exteriorly superior habit and responsibility the labors should have. The final part states how the British Empire remained its prosperity by educating the labors.


Background. In Ukraine, every year the number of women whose pregnancy occurs on the background of chronic infectious diseases increases. Escherichia coli is a frequent causative agent of bacterial infections in women. The purpose of the study was to identify the morphological features of fetuses and newborns kidneys from mothers with an experimental abdominal subacute infectious-inflammatory process caused by Escherichia coli . Materials and methods. The authors conducted an experiment on WAG rats, during which two groups were formed: group I — 7 fetuses and 11 newborns from 3 healthy females; group II — 10 fetuses and 13 newborns from 4 females with an abdominal infectious-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity caused by Escherichia coli . The material of the study was the kidneys of fetuses and newborns. The authors used histological, histochemical, morphometric and statistical methods of investigation. Results. The abdominal subacute infectious-inflammatory process in the mother's body caused by Escherichia coli leads to structural changes in the parenchymal and stromal components of the kidneys that have been growing from the fetus to the newborn. The glomerular apparatus of the kidneys is characterized by uneven distribution in the cortical layer, developmental delay, shape change, hemodynamic disorders, expansion of the urinary space, absence of capillaries, a decrease in the number and localization compactness of capillaries in some young and mature renal corpuscles; the tubular apparatus — developmental delay, shape change and focal thickening of the basal membranes of some tubules, focal dystrophic, necrotic and desquamative changes in the epithelium; stromal component — sclerotic changes, hemodynamic disorders, which were more pronounced in the medulla layer, cellular infiltration, characterized by the presence of fibroblastic cells and immune cells. Conclusions. Histological and morphometric changes in the fetuses and newborns kidneys developed due to the presence in mothers an experimental subacute infectious-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity caused by Escherichia coli will lead to reduced functional abilities of the kidneys as a homeostatic organ and development of various nephrologic pathologies in such children.


The present paper challenges the trend in contemporary phenomenological scholarship to make recourse to Michel Henry's thought in search of a solution to the problem of self-awareness. I do not disagree with the standard claim that Henry's theory of ontological monism properly delimits the criteria for an adequate account of self-awareness. Rather, I find Henry's theory of self-awareness internally inconsistent when considered in view of his entire system. In particular, I want to argue that Henry's theory suffers from a crucial limitation overlooked in the secondary literature: the dispossession of the self. I argue that a tension exists between Henry's theory of self-affection and Life wherein the latter usurps the former, leaving a mystical enigma that is hard to recognize as a self. Section I formulates the problem of self-awareness and discusses Henry's critique of the problem of ontological monism with reference to Husserl' s time-constituting consciousness. Section 2.1 hopes to clarify what to date has been a neglected dimension of Henry's thought in the current phenomenological discussions on self-awareness, i.e., his theory of Life; here, I present a preliminary and uncritical expository analysis of Henry's solution to the problem of self-awareness via the retrieval of the "affective tonality" of the life of subjectivity in Life. Section 2.2 further details the radical immanence of the self by examining the relationship between selfawareness and feeling. Section 3 concludes the essay by revisiting and critically evaluating Henry's repudiation of Husserl's conception of subjectivity's temporal extension, and I will argue that Henry's purported solution to the problem loses the self altogether.


Group communication takes up an imperative role in MANET's. Multicasting provides this technique in small scale networks Group Membership management is a tough task in dynamic topology. To conquer the problem we suggest a protocol Efficient Geographic Multicasting Protocol (EGMP). EGMP uses virtual two-tier zone based structure for making the membership management and packet delivery ratio an efficient one. It uses bi-directional tree structure for multicast packet delivery. The position information is used to guide the zone structure edifice, multicast tree construction, and multicast packet forwarding, which resourcefully reduces the overhead for route searching and tree structure maintenance. Finally, we design a scheme to handle empty zone problem faced by most routing protocols using a zone structure. The projected architecture reduces the packet loss and gives the higher delivery ratio. EGMP has widely lower header size and it increases the data transmission rate over a large scale network.


A high-intensity wildfire burnt through a dry Eucalyptus forest in south-eastern Australia that had been fuel reduced with fire 3 months prior, presenting a unique opportunity to measure the effects of fuel reduction (FR) on forest carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wildfires at the start of the fuel accumulation cycle. Less than 3% of total forest carbon to 30-cm soil depth was transferred to the atmosphere in FR burning; the subsequent wildfire transferred a further 6% to the atmosphere. There was a 9% loss in carbon for the FR–wildfire sequence. In nearby forest, last burnt 25 years previously, the wildfire burning transferred 16% of forest carbon to the atmosphere and was characterised by more complete combustion of all fuels and less surface charcoal deposition, compared with fuel-reduced forest. Compared to the fuel-reduced forests, release of non-CO2 GHG doubled following wildfire in long-unburnt forest. Although this is the maximum emission mitigation likely within a planned burning cycle, it suggests a significant potential for FR burns to mitigate GHG emissions in forests at high risk from wildfires.


We report an entanglement generation experiment that utilizes a silicon waveguide. Using spontaneous four-wave mixing in a 1.09-cm-long silicon wire waveguide, we generated 1.5μm, high-purity time-bin entangled photons without temperature control and observed a two-photon interference fringe with >73% visibility.


This article analyzes the role of the private sector in controlling health care costs, and reviews the scope of and reasons for recent increases. Containment strategies are outlined, and the kinds of public policy that would encourage containment are discussed.


Soil-dwelling mites and among them Gamasina (Acari, Mesostigmata) are widely distributed in soils, rich in species and have great ecological significance in the respective ecosystems. A survey was conducted to study Laelapidae (Mesostigmata) mites in Ahwaz (Khuzestan province), Iran during 2010-2012. Samples were taken from soil and litters and then mites extracted using Berlese funnel, cleared in lactic acid and mounted in Hoyer's medium. Among some species of this family, Gaeolaelaps jondishapouri n. sp., collected from soil is described and illustrated. G. jondishapouri n. sp. is characterized by dorsal shield with 39 pairs of setae (including Px2-3), r6 and R1-6 being off dorsal shield on soft lateral cuticle; posterior part of dorsal shield with abrupt contraction between S4 and S5 setae; st1 on weakly sclerotized pre-sternal area out of sternal shield, iv1-2 slit-like. A key to the adult females of the species of Gaeolaelaps with abrupt constriction in dorsal shield (Karg's angusta species group) is provided.


Although the priming effect shortens address period and reduces address voltage, it is difficult to use the priming effect for the conventional write addressing method because the ramp reset pulses provide little priming effect. An extremely weak discharge for priming has been incorporated with write addressing method. The extremely weak discharge is generated by priming pulse applied just prior to the scan pulse. In the 4‐in‐diagonal test panel containing Ne + 10%Xe mixture gas, infrared emission intensity of the discharge is 900 times smaller than that of sustain discharge. Therefore, there is no degradation of dark room contrast ratio. Because the priming discharge generates a very small amount of charges, there is little reduction in the amount of wall charge accumulated during reset period. Namely, increase in address voltage can be avoided. Although the discharge intensity is extremely low, it provides sufficient priming particles for high‐speed and low‐voltage addressing. When priming pulse voltage is 70 V and width is 10 µs, the address discharge delay is reduced to less than half. When the scan voltage margin is 10 V, the data voltage is reduced to 17 V, which is 20 V lower than that of conventional method.


In this study, a novel small-scale electromagnetic energy harvester is designed and optimised, which aims at addressing the limitations of existing approaches in output power scavenged from low-velocity flowing water. Instead of conventional cantilever beams, an asymmetric arc-shaped elastic beam is implemented to disrupt flow, leading to its oscillation in the induced unsteady flow field. An electromagnetic transducer is utilised to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy. Furthermore, the effects of the structure asymmetry and curvature on the electrical outputs are investigated to optimise the scavenging energy capability. A prototype with the volume of 152.4 cm3 is fabricated and tested. A maximum open-circuit voltage of 1440 mV is obtained at 0.409 m/s, and the harvester generates an output power of 0.503 mW when it is connected to an external load of 110 Ω. The small-scale harvester shows great potential for applying in wireless sensor networks.