Current research work has been undertaken in Mityal, Nisdi Rural Municipality-4, Palpa district. This study compares traditional knowledge on the use of medicinal plants among three age groups in the study area. Altogether, 94 plants of medicinal values belonging to 83 genera and 45 families have been recorded to heal 51 ailments like diarrhea, skin diseases, stomach problem, gastric, fever, cough and cold, headache, etc. The eldery people were found to have more knowledge on plant use.


The recently published, edited volume National Belongings: Hybridity in Italian Colonial and Postcolonial Cultures seeks to expand use of the concept of hybridity to Italian historical and cultural studies of colonialism and postcolonialism. As the editors Jacqueline Andall and Derek Duncan explain at the outset of the introduction, Italy's struggle to define its own identity in relation to the rest of Europe and the world, as well as the nature of Italy's colonial past, has often led to a simplistic vision of Italy's imperial history in clear-cut terms of colonizers and colonized, Italians and 'Others' (p. 1). In opposition to this tendency, National Belongings aims to explore the cultural, social, and political interactions that belie the assumed hierarchies of Italian colonial and postcolonial societies. This objective means that the authors look at 'hybridity in form and in practice' (p. 3) in historical and contemporary narratives, within 'Italian' and 'foreign' communities, on the peninsula and in (former) colonial territories. Such a wide-ranging scope of inquiry is certainly ambitious and supports an important trend of the last couple of decades to delve deeper into – and thereby to complicate the dominant narrative of – Italy's relationship with colonialism. Moreover, the interdisciplinary approach of the collection represents an important turn in the field of modern Italian studies, which can often be rather self-contained. This text is a valuable asset to anyone studying Italian colonialism and postcolonialism, or more generally, European cultural studies. The collection of ten, relatively short essays, authored by an array of established and emerging scholars in the fields of cultural studies and history, grapples with broad questions about individual and collective identities in the modern era. More specifically, the authors employ the concepts of 'hybridity' (particularly as defined by the American theorists Homi Bhabha and Robert Young) and cultural ambivalence to explore the development of twentieth-century identities in the Italian sphere of influence, both on the peninsula and in the nation's (former) colonial holdings. Though the subtitle of the volume signifies that the authors focus on the role of colonialism in the development of such identities, at the heart of the work lies the unasked question of what it actually means to be 'Italian', as Maurizio Marinelli's 'Italy and/in Tianjin' and Jacqueline Andall's 'The G2 Network and Other Second-Generation Voices' intimate. Certainly this is a question that has been at the centre of modern Italian history – at least from the earliest days of the Risorgimento in the first part of the nineteenth century – and, as the authors contend, continues to elude Italians and scholars today, as Derek Duncan's study of Kledi Kadiu's celebrity in Italy, as well as Rhiannon Noel Welch's analysis of the novel Lontano da Mogadiscio illustrate. Despite the best efforts of many nationalists, the government's actions at home and overseas underscore the point that a nation does not exist simply because a state declares it so. Indeed, the authors of National Belongings argue that much of the Italian nation's colonial – and postcolonial – history directly reflect its desire to define the state as a hegemonic force within its established borders and in the greater global community, an argument that is particularly highlighted in Roberta Pergher's 'Between Colony and Nation on Italy's ''Fourth Shore'''. The great contribution of this volume is its expansion of the current theoretical conversation of hybridity to include the historical and contemporary cases of Italy and its colonial legacies, a project that is clarified in the two opening essays, 'Displacing the Book reviews


In a recent article in this JOURNAL, Douglas Fisher defended the monetary interpretation of the "price revolution" of the sixteenth century.' He produced evidence that seemed to run counter to the population- and velocity-based explanation I have propounded elsewhere.2 However, when closely scrutinized, Fisher's evidence does not support a monetarist argument. Instead, it provides unanticipated evidence in favor of the population- and velocity-based account. Fisher rehearsed the usual debate about the monetary versus population- and velocity-based arguments. He pointed out that price increases in Spain caused by bullion inflows could have raised prices and increased money demand elsewhere through balance-of-payment effects that did not depend on American bullion spreading through Europe. He also pointed out that population-based accounts sometimes err by emphasizing relative price shifts between agricultural and other prices rather than focusing on changes in the overall price level. Finally, Fisher expressed skepticism regarding whether, given the expansion of economic activity due to urbanization and population growth, velocity growth could have been sufficient to "do the job" of sustaining the long price rise. However, Fisher omitted several germane points from his discussion. First, he made no mention of the research done by M. Morineau, J. Riley, and J. McCusker on the period following the price revolution.3 Morineau demonstrated that bullion exports to Europe were considerably greater in the latter half of the seventeenth century than in the latter half of the sixteenth century; however, in the later period European prices stagnated or fell. Moreover, Riley and McCusker found that the relationship between French mint output and French prices-which Fisher claimed to have demonstrated to exist during the price revolution-failed to hold after 1650. Riley noted that in France after 1650, "increases in the money stock . . . do not explain price level movements"; and Riley and McCusker emphasized that "the money stock grew most rapidly when prices were stable, and least rapidly when prices were rising."' These findings suggest that the relationship between money stock and prices in the earlier period should be viewed with skepticism and care, as possibly spurious rather than causal. Second, Fisher dismissed Peter Lindert's evidence of large velocity shifts during the price revolution5 and flatly claimed that "a rise in velocity will not by itself do the job if there is, simultaneously, general economic growth" (p. 891). Yet this assertion omits mention of my demonstration-using network theory-that urbanization and occupational specialization accompanying population growth can cause the velocity of circulation to increase as the square of the population, even though the quantity of goods traded increases only linearly.6 In this model, population growth increases prices not simply by augmenting demand but by producing a greater density of exchange


Objective: To know the outcome of tonsillectomy by Harmonic scalpel in terms of bleeding and pain.Material and Methods: This was a case controlled study, conducted in the department of otorhinolaryngology andhead and neck surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital-Peshawar-Pakistan. The study period was from June 2017 to June2018, A total of 40 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients of both sexes with age range of 5 to 40 years presentedwith chronic tonsillitis were included while those patients who presented with sinusitis and tonsillitis, pharyngitis withtonsillitis, with deviated nasal septum and tonsillitis were excluded from the study.Results: A total of forty patients were enrolled in the study, the youngest age was 5 years and the oldest was 40 years.Twenty five (62.5%) were male and 15(37,5%) were female patients. In all the patients main indication for the operationwas chronic tonsillitis. One patient had huge tonsil of the right side in oldest age group and a suspicion of malignancyarosed for which both of the tonsils of this patient was subjected to histopathology to rule out the malignancy, but thebiopsy report suggested chronic tonsillitis. The time taken for the operation was from 4 -10 minutes, In the 30 casesthe time taken was from 4 -8 minutes and in the rest it was upto 10 minutes.Conclusion. Harmonic Scalpel used in tonsillectomy caused no or minimal bleeding per operatively, so it is a safeprocedure although is costly


We discuss a circuit which measures and analyses power supply transients as defined in the test technique, Transient Signal Analysis (TSA). This circuit can replace the benchtop instrumentation and offline signal processing software used in previous work. The circuit accepts voltage transients as analog inputs from the Device-Under-Test (DUT), performs integration and outputs an analog value to the tester. The tester compares the output value to a predetermined threshold as a means of determining the pass/fail status of the DUT. This circuit is designed to simplify the hardware requirements of TSA.


Changes of yields, nitrogen uptake on the zero plots and nitrogen balances are discussed in the course of the decades at the Static Fertilization Experiment exemplary. 1991-2000 yields of cereals on the fertilized plots were nearly 200% in comparison to 1906-1915. At potatoes and sugar beets increase of yields was smaller. In the middle of all crops 52kg/ha nitrogen were taken up on the unfertilized plots in the years 1959-2000. Since there is a balance in the soil this nitrogen can only derived from the air. On the PK plots the atmogenic nitrogen input is 6kg/ha still higher. Crops with a long vegetation period like winter wheat and sugar beets take up more atmogenic nitrogen than such with a shorter vegetation period like summer barley and potatoes. The atmogenic nitrogen input per day of vegetation period is between 0,24 (winter wheat) and 0,38 (sugar beet)kg/ha and day. Nitrogen balances of the more important variants show that nitrogen uptake is higher than nitrogen input for a long time. In comparison of the decades 1961-1970 and 1991-2000 the best effect is in the case of mineral fertilization alone, also at increasing nitrogen input at the end of the century. The reason is the optimal control of nitrogen amount and time of application. In contrast organic fertilization and nitrogen release from the organic matter you can't control with the result of more unfavourable balances.


The species listed below have been received at various times from the United States Department of Agriculture. They form a part of the collection of the United States National Museum, and were collected by Mr. Vernon Bailey, an assistant in the Division of Biological Exploration, in charge of Dr. C. Hart Merriam. Heron Lake is in southwestern Minnesota, in Jackson County, near the Iowa line. The material from this place was, to quote Mr. Bailey, " scraped up on the beach," in 1887. Eagle Lake is in Sherburne County. This county is nearer the center of the State, being rather south and east of the center. The collections from both places are small, so far as the number of species is considered, but not without interest, as certain forms, which are commented on at some length, indicate ijeculiar environmental conditions. These conditions can only be surmised from the material itself, in the place of personal investigation of the lakes and their waters as well as the iramediateregionin which they are situated. The testimony of the numerous examples of Planorhis trivolvis from Heron Lake and Limncea emarginata from Eagle Lake points to considerable fluctuation in the volume of the water one season compared with another, and in the more northerly Eagle Lake to the influence of extreme cold, or alternations of temperature conditions as related to volume of water in some seasons or years, as well as possible alkalinity or some chemical fluctuation due to diminished volume of water at times, or, briefly, to fluctuations in the quantity and temperature of the waters and the chemical quality or proportions in the same. The Eagle Lake shells were collected in 1891.


For the last decade, the employment structure is one of the fastest changing areas of Eastern Europe. This paper explores the best methodology to compare the employment situations in the countries of this region. Multivariate statistical analyses are very reliable in portraying the full picture of the problem. Principal components analysis is one of the simplest multivariate methods. It can produce very useful information about Eastern European employment in a very easy and understandable way.


This brief investigates the multi-cluster consensus for heterogenous manned/unmanned aerial system with random link failure via pinning control method. Each cluster is composed of first-order and second-order dynamic models. A distributed control protocol is proposed to construct the weakly connected topology with restricted communication load in large-scale heterogenous aerial team. Based on the graph theory, matrix analysis and Lyapunov theorem, sufficient consensus conditions are derived. Numerical examples validate the theoretic results.


Two mills cross microphone arrays are used to detect and track a small unmanned aerial system (UAS). Each array consists of two 64-channel line arrays which are perpendicular each other. The cross-shape array is to detect targets approaching from any direction and the two-array system is a minimum number for localizing the target. The microphones of the line array are equally spaced as a design frequency of 2 kHz. The received acoustic signal is digitized as a sampling rate of 8 kHz and transferred to a remote signal processor by a radio link in real time. Beam-formed acoustic data are displayed in various ways to detect and localize the moving acoustic target. In this paper, the proto-type acoustic system for UAS detection as well as the experimental results will be discussed. Methods for array beam-forming, tracking and classifying the target and the acoustic characteristics of the target will be briefly mentioned.


A method is presented for interfacing signals between two independent clock domains using an asynchronous FIFO (first-in first-out) memory. The method has low latency, does not limit throughput, and does not require any control of the timing of the two local clock domains by the interface. The interfacing method is applied to globally-asynchronous locally-asynchronous (GALS) integrated circuit design to demonstrate its performance potential. Specifically, a single-chip shared-memory multiprocessor with each processor in its own local clock domain is examined. The integrated circuit area dedicated to the interfaces is found to be small in comparison to total area. The performance of the GALS multiprocessor is compared against a hypothetical globally-clocked multiprocessor with the same number of processors. Two applications of potential commercial interest are used for the comparison: the Smith-Waterman alignment algorithm used in bioinformatics and the Advanced Encryption Standard. The performance of the GALS multiprocessor is negligibly lower than the globally-clocked processor for these two applications. However, the design effort needed to implement the GALS multiprocessors is much less. To show that there are applications that are not well suited to this GALS multiprocessor, the performance of the GALS multiprocessor and the globally-clocked multiprocessor are compared for a simple string search algorithm. The GALS multiprocessor does considerably worse than the globally-clocked processor on this application due to the high ratio of memory access to computation.


One of the largest state revenues comes from the tax sector. Tax receipts are a major source of financing and national development to improve people's welfare. One of the tax revenues is derived from Income Tax (PPh). Sanctions and tax audit is one of the factors that influence taxpayer compliance. This study aims to determine the effect of sanctions and tax audits on taxpayer compliance in paying taxes. This research uses quantitative research method. The results showed that tax audit and sanctions have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance in paying taxes. This is a reference so that supervision in the form of inspection can be maximized so as to improve taxpayer compliance in paying taxes.Keywords: tax audit, tax sanctions, tax compliance


This paper presents a three-channel frontend system for fetal monitoring applications which includes three amplification chains, an ADC and all power management circuitry needed to feed the different building blocks from a single 1.4V supply. The specifications of the proposed system (0.38μVrms equivalent input noise, 74.5dB dynamic range and 0.5 to 200Hz signal bandwidth) are determined according to the properties of the fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) signal and realistic user scenarios. A low-power noise-reconfigurable preamplifier topology exploiting power optimization in both voltage and current domain is used, to achieve a Power Efficiency Factor (PEF) of 2.2 for the whole amplification chain. The 12bit SAR ADC is optimized for high resolution and power efficiency. The frontend system is designed in a 0.18μm CMOS process. Simulation results show that that each of the three amplification channels provides a total gain of 60dB a bandwidth of 200Hz, with an input equivalent noise of 0.38μVrms. The ADC provides 11.7bit ENOB and a FoM of 14fJ/step, while its sample speed can vary from 500Hz to 10kHz. The whole system consumes a power of 7.8μW when configured for the fECG application.


border district; construction work; exploratory factor analysis; risks In all phases of the project, there are always events and conditions occurring that directly or indirectly affect the implementation of the project, causing the project to fail to achieve the target of the proposed project subject. Such events and conditions are called project risks. The more human society develops, the more diverse, rich, and complex human activities become. Therefore, risks are increasingly complex and have negative impacts on people's lives. Construction work is a special product. Therefore there are more and more risks that are hidden in the construction process. Especially when projects are placed in remote, mountainous, or border areas, the risks become more complex and diverse. Hence, if risks are identified quickly and accurately, managers can reduce the level of risk in the process. Then, people can also suggest some solutions to reduce the risks. The goal of this paper is to propose and evaluate the risk factors of the construction process in the border district, Quang Nam Province, by applying the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method. This study tried to collect data analyze qualitative and quantitative risk factors. The results showed that the collected survey data is meaningful.


At the Open University we are developing tools to support students in learning procedural skills. The tool for rewriting logical formulas into disjunctive normal form was tested with students in the period 2007-2008. The results of this tests help us to improve our tool, give answers to some questions we had during the development and encourage us to proceed.


We fabricated nanowire devices, which had zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires embedded in microchannels on PMMA substrate, to isolate exosomes from cell culture supernatant and extract MicroRNA (miRNA) from the isolated exosomes. The exosomes could be trapped by nanowires without any capturing molecules, such as antibodies against the exosomes. The exosomal miRNA could be extracted efficiently with little loss of the miRNA amount, which is comparable to that using a conventional method to extract miRNA from the exosomes.


Effect of the detection sensitivity caused by the location change of the receiving coil is studied on the internal corrosion of ferromagnetic pipe under insulation with pulsed eddy current( PEC) non-destructive testing. Finite element model was established of ferromagnetic pipe under insulation to analyze the effect of position of receiving coil on the pulsed eddy current testing results. The simulation results show that the sensitivity will reach maximum both axial and circumferencial directions when receiving coil is right under the outer edge of the exciting coil,the sensitivities 0. 61 and 0. 60 respectively. The verification experiment results show that: putting receiving coil right under the outer edge of the exciting coil will get the best test results,the sensitivities 0. 26 and 0. 27 respectively. The experimental results agree well with the simulations and show that the detection sensitivity will reach maximum when receiving coil is right under the outer edge of the exciting coil,which will be of help to probe design in the corrosion detection of the pipe under insulation with PEC.


Abstract Conventional accounts of the South China Sea territorial disputes identify China's assertive behaviour as the primary cause of the rising tension since the early 2010s. This paper goes beyond this traditional interpretation of the disputes by arguing that the territorial disputes are an expression of the broader contestation between two order-building projects by China and the United States (US). China's assertive behaviour originates in its desire to promote a 'historical' and 'post-colonial' maritime order that is premised on its Sino-centric historical narrative of the Sea and on its emphasis on the historical legitimacy of the regional order of 1943–1945. The US-led 'liberal' maritime order is underpinned by a post-war legal framework built on the San Francisco Peace Treaty and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the notion and practice of freedom of navigation. Since October 2015 the US has enhanced its freedom of navigation operations to challenge China's 'excessive' maritime or territorial claims. We conclude that as a result of the uneasy coexistence of these two order-building projects, which fundamentally disagree over the foundations of maritime order in the South China Sea, the disputes have reached an open-ended impasse.


The research results on the mechanical properties of nanocomposites including films and bulk materials are reviewed in the present paper. The excellent mechanical properties of nanocomposites and their mechanisms are discussed. The future research scopes of the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites are also indicated.


BACKGROUND
We tested certain serum proteins' ability to mediate the effects of demographic variables on prospective 5yr conversion to clinical "Alzheimer's Disease" (AD) from non-demented states [i.e., Normal Control (NC) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)]. The proteins were rationally selected from among previously published mediators of those same variables' associations with the latent variable "δ", a novel omnibus dementia severity metric.

METHODS
Each protein's attenuation of its risk factor's independent association with conversion was confirmed by logistic regression, adjusted for education, ethnicity, self-reported diabetes mellitus and hypertension, among N = 772 initially non-demented Mexican-American (MA) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) participants in the Texas Alzheimer`s Research and Care Consortium (TARCC).

RESULTS
n = 70 non-demented participants at baseline converted to "AD" (9.1%) after a mean follow-up of 5.4 yrs. Age >80yrs (OR = 3.1), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS30) > 10/30 (OR = 2.3), female gender (OR = 2.2) and the presence of an apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele (OR = 2.4) were independently associated with prospective conversion. These effects were fully attenuated by five serum proteins: AGE: Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 2 (IGF-BP2), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 1 (EGFR); Depression: Resistin; Gender: Thrombopoeitin (THPO); APOE: C-Reactive Protein (CRP).

CONCLUSION
Clinical dementia arises from the sum of independent δ-related processes. This analysis provides proof of concept for the rational selection of anti-dementia targets and offers a foundation for precision anti-dementia therapy.


Amour fou between displacement and estrangement in two Sicilian writers of the Nineteenth Century
Rosina Muzio Salvo and Cettina Natoli
This research aims at investigating the topos of love as deep and extreme passion, in opposition to social stereotypes, in two novels by two Sicilian female writers of the Nineteenth Century, Adelina (1845) by Rosina Muzio Salvo (1815-1866) and Margherita Royn (1886) by Cettina Natoli (1867-1913). In Adelina amour fou is in conflict with the patriotic needs and the moralism of the newborn middle-class society; in Margherita Royn, an overliterary, different kind of love clashes with the materialism and commercialization which dominate in late Nineteenth century. Adelina's displacement is highlighted by the structure of the polyphonic epistolary novel, in which the protagonist's 'reasons of the heart' are opposed to the opinions of all the other characters; according to a process of Verghian estrangement (Luperini, 1974), they convey a distorted picture of her passion and consider it a weird, unacceptable fact. Margherita is able to see reality only through an overly literary lens of extreme sentimentality; her isolation is manifest in the depiction of her body, consumed by an adulterous passion which contrasts with her husband's rough physicality; overcome by jealousy, he will end up killing her.


The Middle-Late Pennsylvanian Subperiod was marked by recurrent glacial-interglacial cycles superimposed on a longer-term trend of increasing aridity. Wetland and drought-tolerant floras responded with repeated migrations in the tropics, and a major plant turnover occurred in swamp ecosystems in parts of Euramerica near the Middle-Late Pennsylvanian boundary. However, the corresponding ecological and evolutionary responses of insects and other terrestrial arthropods are poorly understood. Here, we review the record of plant-arthropod interactions and analyse origination and extinction rates of insects during the Middle-Late Pennsylvanian. Although preliminary, plant-arthropod associations broadly persist through the Middle-Late Pennsylvanian boundary, and new damage types and host-plant associations first appear in the Late Pennsylvanian, possibly related to increased availability of accessible vascular and foliar tissues associated the shift from arborescent lycopsid to tree and seed fern dominance in Euramerican wetlands. Likewise, our analysis of the insect body fossil record does not suggest especially high rates of origination or extinction during this interval. Together, these results suggest that insects did not suffer major extinctions during the Middle-Late Pennsylvanian, despite short- and long-term changes in climate and environmental conditions.

 Supplementary material at
 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6280586


eral mononuclear cells (Fig. 1d). Laboratory examination showed normal kidney and liver function and normal levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Dental examination revealed juvenile periodontal disease, and dental treatment was started with oral macrolide antibiotics (clarithromycin 100 mg/day) for 3 months. Then, oral prednisolone was started (20 mg/day), which resulted in marked improvement within 1 month (Fig. 1e). Prednisolone was then gradually tapered and ceased over 2 months. Thereafter, no recurrence of lip swelling has been observed within 3 months of follow up. To date, a limited number of pediatric cases of cheilitis granulomatosa have been reported. We searched for dental problems such as a focal infection (chronic localized infection), and periodontal disease was suspected to be associated with lip swelling. Juvenile periodontal disease mainly consists of gingivitis and periodontitis. The present case had gingivitis, which is an inflammatory response of gums to plaque and characterized by redness, swelling and bleeding of the gingivae. He received plaque control, such as mechanical removal of plaque, toothbrushing, flossing and mouthwashes, as well as antibiotics. After 3 months, low-dose oral prednisolone was started, which markedly improved the symptoms. Although the etiology of odontogenic infection in cheilitis granulomatosa remains unknown, pretreatments for periodontitis may eliminate the trigger factor of cheilitis granulomatosa, and subsequent corticosteroids suppressed local granulomatous immune reaction with edema. Until now, several treatment modalities have been reported, such as minocycline, intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection, surgery (lip reduction cheiloplasty), i.v. corticosteroid pulse therapy in combination with chloroquine, and infliximab. Also, there are a few reports on the association of odontogenic infection with cheilitis granulomatosa in adult cases. Periodontal disease should be considered as a possible direct/indirect cause of cheilitis granulomatosa in not only adults but also children and adolescents.


This research aims to compare the financial performance of Bank Muamalat and Bank Mandiri in Indonesia in the 2011-2015 period using financial ratios. The financial ratio used consists of CAR, ROA, LDR, NPL, and BOPO. The data used in this study is obtained from the Published Financial Reports issued by each of the Banks concerned. The analysis technique used to see a comparison of the financial performance of Bank Muamalat and Bank Mandiri is a comparative research method that is comparative in nature. The analysis conducted shows that there are significant differences for each financial ratio between Bank Muamalat and Bank Mandiri in Indonesia. Bank Muamalat has better performance in terms of LDR and BOPO ratios, while Bank Mandiri has better performance in terms of CAR, ROA and NPL ratios.


The science crisis in the contemporary period has been linked to epistemological and metalogical problems. It's in this context in which it's interesting to analyse the continuum matter: from the biological, physical and gnoseological perspective. After checking that the discontinuity belongs to the same possibility of the explanation of the world, it's possible to obtain important epistemological consequences about the metalogical and ontological place of God in the scientific cosmovisions.


The main focus of this paper is to provide and analyse an extension of the Finite Volume – Complete Flux (FV-CF) scheme [1, 3] for linear source terms. Under conditions of onedimensionality and constant coefficients the extended scheme gives exact solutions for advection-diffusion-reaction equations with (piecewise) linear source terms. Before acquiring the extension, a summary of the existing theory is provided as a baseline. It is then analysed by means of different example cases and compared to a different scheme for solving the abovementioned equation, the Enhanced Numerical Approximation for a Transport Equation (ENATE) scheme [2]. The latter scheme will be outlined as well, showing the main difference between both schemes to be their approach: finite volumes versus normalization. The examples show that the linear extension is exact for any number of nodes in case of linear source. A non-linear source example shows no significant improvement in accuracy or convergence compared to the original scheme. Finally a piecewise linear source example compares the two described schemes, showing that both schemes end up solving the exact same linear system. With the implementations used in this paper for both schemes, the ENATE scheme solves the compared example 34% faster on average. This is contrasted by the amount of precomputations needed for that scheme. Whereas the FV-CF scheme only evaluates the source function in different points, the ENATE scheme requires a number of precomputations on this function and all of its derivatives. Furthermore the FV-CF scheme is set up for multidimensional problems, whereas the ENATE scheme is focused primarily on one-dimensional problems.


Pulmonary aspergillosis was discovered in apparently healthy young rabbits. Thirty-five rabbits of various ages raised in the same rabbitry were examined by histological, ultrastructural and microbiological methods. The pulmonary lesions were found only in rabbits younger than five weeks old. These lesions contained characteristically shaped hyphae surrounded by eosinophilic radiating projections—"asteroid bodies." The significance of the disease condition and the structure of the "asteroid bodies" is discussed.


Although c-myc is classically described as the driving oncogene in Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), deregulation and mutations of c-myc have been reported in multiple solid tumors and in other mature B cell malignancies such as mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), myeloma, and plasma cell lymphoma (PCL). After translocation into the IgH locus, c-myc is constitutively expressed under the control of active IgH enhancers. Those located in the IgH 3′ regulatory region (3′RR) are master control elements of class switch recombination and of the transcriptional burst associated with plasma cell differentiation. c-myc-3′RR mice are prone to lymphomas with rather homogeneous, most often BL-like, phenotypes with incomplete penetrance (75% tumor incidence) and long latencies (10–12 mo). To reproduce c-myc–induced mature B cell lymphomagenesis in the context of an additional defect often observed in human lymphomas, we intercrossed c-myc-3′RR with p53+/− mice. Double transgenic c-myc-3′RR/p53+/− mice developed lymphoma with short latency (2–4 mo) and full penetrance (100% tumor incidence). The spectrum of B lymphomas occurring in c-myc-3′RR/p53+/− mice was widened, including nonactivated (CD43−) BL, activated (CD43+) BL, MCL-like lymphoma, and PCL, thus showing that 3′RR-mediated deregulation of c-myc can promote various types of B lymphoproliferation in cells that first acquired a p53 defect. c-myc/p53+/− mice closely reproduce many features of BL, MCL, and PCL and provide a novel and efficient model to dissect the molecular events leading to c-myc–induced lymphomagenesis and an important tool to test potential therapeutic agents on malignant B cells featuring various maturation stages.


The "Unimind Metamodel" presents an unified framework/metamodel that provides the underlying infrastructure/mechanism of brain/mind which smoothly integrates with all sub-fields of psychology. The Unimind Metamodel "Therapy" provides a novel treatment methodology for mental/psychological disorders. The Unimind Metamodel is also a functional framework for developing Artificial Intelligence. I. FUNDAMENTALS OF THE UNIMIND METAMODEL The Unimind Metamodel states that within each brain/mind, there is a subjective representational model of reality, which consists of three parts 'entities' or 'objects', a "database of algorithms", and a "database of associations". A. The Representational Model Objects / Entities Every brain/mind has a subjective representational model or a "map" of reality and by 'reality' we refer to the sum total synergy of everything that the brain/mind can perceive through sensory organs. This map contains "entities" or "objects" which can be a representation of either 'things' (tangible or intangible), or 'living beings' (consisting of their physical attributes, overall personality, specific behaviors and the memories and emotions associated with that being), or 'abstracts' (which can be a generalized prototype of things, and also includes abstract ideas, thoughts and concepts i.e. specific elements of abstract information/knowledge), or 'words' (explained later in this paper), or the memories of past experiences. These objects/entities are created within the map on the basis of information received about them from the sensory organs. All the objects in our maps are multi-dimensional in nature; meaning that all the objects in our map can have multiple dimensions associated with them. The word " Dimension" comes from the Latin word dimensionem which refers to the act of "Measuring" something. Therefore a dimension shall be construed as a way of perception of an object ; as a way of looking at an object. An object in our map can have a shape, colour, visible texture, size, etc namely the "visual" dimension perceived through eyes. The same object can also possess an associated sound or voice (being the "auditory" dimension as perceived by ears); the same object may also have an associated odour or fragrance (being the "smell" dimension as perceived by the nose); and similarly with the dimension of taste and touch (as perceived by tongue and skin respectively). All objects mandatorily possess the dimension of memory, i.e. the record (i.e. 'associations' as explained later in this paper) of all past experiences perceived through senses that are associated with that object. An inherent feature of these objects is that they are dynamic in nature meaning the objects are continuously being changed (or "updated") with the continuous inflow of information from the sensory organs subject to algorithms. B. Database of Algorithms An algorithm is defined as a step-by-step procedure or a set of instructions. Algorithms contains such instructions/procedures about how to perform a task (action). Such task may be a biological process, psychological process or learned physical/mental work. Biological processes here refer to the body functions regulated/controlled by the central nervous system; and psychological processes here refers to all the abstract functions performed by the brain/mind. Learned physical/mental work refers to any externally acquired or self-generated ability of performing any specific task/work/action, either physically or mentally. Algorithms can also contain instructions / procedures of how to react (behave/act/respond) to specific stimulus or to a specific situation such International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.429 Volume 8 Issue IV Apr 2020Available at www.ijraset.com ©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 400 algorithms are called as "behaviour". Algorithms work as programs (analogy can be drawn with softwares/applications) that run in mind, in collaboration with the representational model (map) and the database of associations, and thus execute various functions of brain/mind. Algorithms can be either running continuously in brain/mind or they can be executed as and when required. Algorithms are also dynamic in nature – meaning that all algorithms change or "update" but with the sole intention and purpose of achieving the biological goal of humans i.e. survival and reproduction. (Refer to 'The law of algorithmic evolution' explained later in this paper) C. Database of Associations The Database of Associations is an abstract database in the brain/mind that contains all the associations between/among the objects of one's map; and also includes associations between/among one's map's objects and neurochemicals and hormones within one's body. One object can have multiple associations (i.e. with multiple other objects/neurochemicals/hormones). The associations in the database of associations are also dynamic in nature – meaning that the associations can change or "update", on instruction of any algorithm or due to 'The law of algorithmic evolution' (explained later in this paper). II. LINGUISTICS IN THE UNIMIND METAMODEL Before understanding the "Linguistics" or the language processing mechanism as per the Unimind Metamodel, we need to clarify the fundamentals of linguistics. Language has evolved in humans and various other life forms to enable communication among the members of a species, using arbitrarily decided symbols/sounds/visuals and body gestures, or a combination thereof. And by communication we refer to the process of transferring of 'abstracts' objects i.e. concepts/ideas/thoughts/knowledge/information (as mentioned earlier) from one's map to the map of another. Language uses "words" which are objects in one's map that can have multiple dimensions such an associated visual/symbolical representation, an associated sound, an associated body gesture, etc., and in the 'database of associations', 'words' are associated with 'abstracts' objects and this association of words with abstracts are called as the "meaning" of those words. Language also uses "sentences" which are a combination of words used to communicate large pieces of information. A. Algorithm Of Meaning Identification In the 'database of algorithms' exists an algorithm of "meaning identification" that is continuously running in brain/mind whenever we get any sound/auditory input from ears or any visual input from eyes, or any input from any other sensory organ the meaning identification algorithm tries to find individual objects/elements within the information received from sensory organs and then refers to the 'database of associations' to ascertain the 'abstracts' objects associated with those individual objects (i.e. their meanings) to obtain the understanding of that information received through sensory organs. In case of sentences, the meaning identification algorithm ascertains the meaning of individual objects and then combines them to find and ascertain a larger meaning/understanding, depending upon the sequence/arrangement/chronology of the objects. The rules of grammar of a language learned by the mind guides its meaning identification algorithm in decoding sentences of that language. The brain/mind uses the same mechanism to process larger pieces of information like paragraphs, chapters and books. The same mechanism is also used to interpret audio-visual sensory inputs such as videos/movies, and also to interpret "body language". Whenever this algorithm processes/finds any new meaning(combination of words and correlated 'abstracts' objects) which is not stored already in map, then new objects/entities for such meaning ('words' and 'abstracts') for are created and stored in the map for future reference along with creation of necessary associations in the database of associations (i.e. associations within the word and abstracts as well as with the previous objects/entities from which this new meaning is processed/connected, if any). III. COGNITION (INFORMATION PROCESSING AND MEMORY) IN THE UNIMIND METAMODEL Cognition can be defined as the mechanism of processing, storage, retrieval and manipulation of the information that is received from the sensory organs. Cognition is a synergistic collaboration of multiple algorithms running in the brain/mind. Such different algorithms in the brain's/mind's database of algorithms that work together in synergy to produce cognition / cognitive abilities are as follows : A. Algorithm Of Attention / Filtration Our sensory organs receive a lot more quantity of information than our biological brain could process – and thus is a need to filter out useless or irrelevant information and only allow the relevant/important information to be processed by brain/mind in any particular circumstance/situation. This very same process is called as "attention" or "filtration", of choosing what information from International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.429 Volume 8 Issue IV Apr 2020Available at www.ijraset.com ©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 401 sensory-input is processed and the remaining is ignored. For this purpose, there is an algorithm of "attention/filtration" that is running continuously in the brain/mind this algorithm gets input of information from all sensory organs and then sends it to the algorithm of meaning identification, which returns back objects (or their combinations) along with their meanings(associations as explained above) back to the algorithm of attention/filtration. Now this algorithm makes the decision which information will be processed further by brain/mind and the remaining will be ignored. This decision is based on the "relevance" of the information – and by relevance we mean that if the information (objects or their combination thereof + their meanings) is in any way associ


By doubling the retail price of gasoline, South Korea's economic crisis has cleared traffic jams in Seoul. With about half of the traffic of only three months ago, it is now much easier to get around. Taxis are waiting at nearly every curb, their drivers much more pleasant than before. Other businesses have also become quieter: Restaurants that were full every night just three months ago now are only one-third full. These are some of the most obvious symptoms of South Korea's dire financial straits. An ambitious International Monetary Fund (IMF) reform package whose first aim is to restore confidence is having the side effect of dampening the economy. The package's sharp shock hit South Korea in December, but analysts say there's worse to come. There are a number of dimensions to this crisis that have brought South Korea to the edge of an economic abyss. The changes are affecting ...


Awake fibreoptic intubation is the gold standard for an anticipated difficult airway, but it can fail even in expert hands. Supraglottic devices cannot be used in cases of oral masses or in large masses of the neck with distorted glottis.  Thus, one should have alternative plans for securing the airway without causing hypoxia and the decision to perform tracheostomy must be taken at the right time.


We explore the information theory entropy of a graph as a scalar to quantify the cosmic web. We find entropy values in the range between 1.5 and 3.2 bits. We argue that this entropy can be used as a discrete analogue of scalars used to quantify the connectivity in continuous density fields. After showing that the entropy clearly distinguishes between clustered and random points, we use simulations to gauge the influence of survey geometry, cosmic variance, redshift space distortions, redshift evolution, cosmological parameters and spatial number density. Cosmic variance shows the least important influence while changes from the survey geometry, redshift space distortions, cosmological parameters and redshift evolution produce larger changes on the order of $10^{-2}$ bits. The largest influence on the graph entropy comes from changes in the number density of clustered points. As the number density decreases, and the cosmic web is less pronounced, the entropy can diminish up to 0.2 bits. The graph entropy is simple to compute and can be applied both to simulations and observational data from large galaxy redshift surveys; it is a new statistic that can be used in a complementary way to other kinds of topological or clustering measurements.


Using the MARC program, the authors analyze effects of soil parameters, such as cohesion, frictional coefficient, and elastic modulus, on the bearing performance of a large diameter hollow pile. The result shows that the elastic modulus is a controlling factor. The paper also evaluates the influence of the underlying soil's modulus on the S e (the ratio of pile end settlement to pile top settlement) and the axial stresses. A close matching between the emulation results with the actual test data assures that the model is appropriate for analysis.


Applied methods and materials to support regional planning vary; planners update their analytical frameworks based on the newly available data. Development goals, priorities and strategies need to be based on available (local) resources, which are identified as either comparative advantages or uniform development goals at a certain planning level. This paper presents a novel analytical framework for the Rural Development Programme of the South Transdanubian Region (Hungary) for the period of 2021-2027. Descriptive, cross tabulations and indicators of spatial autocorrelation were applied to the number of projects supported under the Rural Development sub-measures in 2014-2020. Large variation was observed in the LEADER development areas, and we confirmed that the pull effect of the regional centres is unclear. The results warn on the location-determined peripheries in the region. Agriculture oriented, even small settlements are better acceptors of rural development funds than other clusters of resource availability.


We give a status report, a project schedule and an overview of the Adaptive Optics (AO) and Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system of the upcoming 4m European Solar Telescope (EST) including the science requirements. The pros and cons of the possible wavefront sensor concepts are discussed, as well as the require- ments for the numerical simulation tools.


This research is motivated by Muzayyin Arifin's thoughts about Islamic education. According to Muzayyin Arifin, Islamic education is an educational process that covers all aspects of human life, both worldly and hereafter, guided by Islamic teachings. Seeing today's modernity that is developing rapidly, of course Islamic education plays an important role in becoming a stronghold for society to avoid negative things in the midst of today's modernity. The purpose of this study is to find out Muzayyin Arifin's thoughts about Islamic education and their relevance to contemporary Islamic education. This study used descriptive qualitative research, using library research as a type of research. The results of this study indicate that, Muzayyin Arifin is a rational religious figure in the world of Islamic education who has several works that discuss Islamic education. There are several thoughts of Muzayyin Arifin concerning the nature of Islamic education, the goals of Islamic education, the processes and products of Islamic education, the goals of Islamic education and Islamic education methodology.


Inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) measurements of the dynamic structure factor in liquid Na57K43, sensitive to the atomic-scale coarse graining, reveal a sound velocity value exceeding the long wavelength, continuum value and indicate the coexistence of two phonon-like modes. Applying Generalized Collective Mode (GCM) analysis scheme, we show that the positive dispersion of the sound velocity occurs in a wavelength region below the crossover from hydrodynamic to atom-type excitations and, therefore, it can not be explained as sound propagation over the light specie (Na) network. The present result experimentally proves the existence of positive dispersion in a binary mixture due to a relaxation process, as opposed to fast sound phenomena.


In accordance with the status of vegetation restoration technology for the shotcreted slope,a structural measure—connected-mixed-spraying method suitable for the vegetation restoration of the shotcreted slope is studied herein;which is demonstrated to be further popularized and applied in large scale through the structural analysis and engineering practice concerned,and then provides a new solution scheme for the vegetation restoration of shotcreted slope with the relevant sector as well.


The acquired JAK2 V617F mutation is common in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. We previously showed that JAK2 V617F is also found in coronary patients, most of them affected by coronary atherosclerosis. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is another important manifestation of atherosclerosis. However, prevalence of the JAK2 V617F mutation and its effect on clinical or hematologic characteristics is unknown in PAD patients. In the present study we determined the prevalence of JAK2 V617F in a cohort of 287 patients with sonographically proven PAD and compared mutation frequency with mutational status of 997 healthy people from the KORA F4 study. JAK2 V617F screening and quantification of allele burden in both cohorts was performed with same allele‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR method. From a total of 287 PAD patients, 9 individuals were tested positive for the JAK2 V617F mutation. One patient showed elevated hemoglobin values, indicating polycythemia vera. Observed JAK2 V617F frequency (3.1%) in PAD patients showed a 5‐fold, highly significant increase compared with healthy people (P < 0.001). Furthermore, occurrence of the mutation in PAD patients was significantly decreased in patients using aspirin (P = 0.003). We conclude that the prevalence of JAK2 V617F mutation is significantly increased in PAD patients compared to the general population. Future studies are warranted to confirm our observations and to define the underlying mechanisms behind our findings. Am. J. Hematol. 90:E17–E21, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In order to uphold the basic policy of its state of agriculture basis,the Qin Imperial Government,regarding the prevention and control of the crop insect pests,had accumulated many measures to cope with them.For example:to make laws and lay down the rugulations,to give full play to the organizing function of the local authorities,to mobilize or force the masses to participate in,to explore the methods and techniques of prvention and control as well as to carry out various kinds of activities to relieve the people in stricken areas.These measures were all-round and effective when the production and science were still of very low level,which,beyond doubt,played a very important role in ensuring and promoting the advancement of the agricultural production in Qin Dynasty.


Percutaneous coronary intervention by using drug-eluting stents (DESs) has become increasingly popular as standard therapy for the patients with acute coronary syndrome. At this point in time, 12 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAT), asprin and clopidogrel, is recommended for all patients who receive a DES unless there is a high risk of bleeding (1). Concerning bleeding risks, because these antiplatelet agents have recognizable gastroduodenal injury (2, 3), concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is recommended for all patients with DAT as a guideline (4). In terms of less acid suppressive agents, H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), there is little data on their use in conjunction with DAT and it is still believed that PPIs are superior to H2RAs in preventing ulcer occurrence and overall symptom control in patients with DAT, although a randomized control trial from UK revealed the effectiveness of H2RA for the prevention of gastroduodenal ulcers in patients taking lowdose aspirin (5). Recent evidence, however, revealed that PPI may reduce the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel (6), because these medications share common metabolic pathways mediated by cytochrome p450 isoenzymes (ie, CYP2C19) in the liver (7). Prospects of the controversial issue are gloomy for the combinational use owing to clinical studies with worse outcomes for the patients with clopidogrel and PPI (8, 9). It is well known that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is high in Japan. A large epidemiologic study revealed that the frequency of H. pylori infection for persons born after 1950 has increased at approximately 1% per year and that for those born before 1950 it was 70%-80% and relatively constant (10). H. pylori infection is considered to lead to atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, which is strongly associated with low gastric acidity (11). Based on the regional differences in prevalence of H. pylori infection, the data for gastroduodenal bleeding obtained from individuals in Western countries and Japan should be carefully interpreted considering different gastric acidity. As far as I know, the study conducted by Yasuda H et al is the first study which shows clinical data concerning DAT and PPI in the Japanese population (12). Their study revealed that no patient with anti-secretory agent had gastroduodenal bleeding and even half of the standard dose of H2RAs seemed to show a preventative effect on the occurrence in their case series. Furthermore, patients with PPI had significantly more stenotic lesions of the coronary artery than those without anti-secretory agent at the follow-up coronary angiography after DES implantation, whereas no significant difference in the proportion of patients with stenotic lesions was observed between patients with H2RAs and those without anti-secretory agent. These findings imply that concomitant use of DAT and H2RA is the best choice for populations with a low gastric acidity such as Japanese. Although the biggest and crucial drawback of their study is the small sample size with retrospective settings in a single institution, the study encourages us to conduct well-designed prospective large-scale studies, such as nationwide studies related to this issue. One of the possibilities is a tailor-made medication of anti-secretory agents according to gastric acidity in patients with DAT. By combining the novel findings by Yasuda H et al and serum pepsinogens levels (13), we may arrange the doses of H2RA, e.g., from half the standard doses to double the standard dose, owing to the predicted extent of gastric atrophy. Also the positioning of PPI for the preventative effect on gastroduodenal bleeding should be reconsidered even for patients without H. pylori infection or gastric atrophy. When considering the fact that the proportion of Japanese with H. pylori infection has markedly decreased in the last few decades, the situation may become similar to that in


This essay examines the cockney Leigh Hunt not as a king of the Cockney School or as a facilitator of other Romantic poets but as a creative subject of cockney art, which is characterized as metropolitan commercial visual culture which deviates from the traditional aesthetic norm. By investigating his rich interaction with the affluent metropolitan visual culture of the early nineteenth century, this essay posits how Hunt concretized his cockneyfied aesthetic disposition, utilizing the visual recreations of art in shops as decorative artworks in both spatial and literary modes. First, the essay examines how Hunt created the cult of cockney art following his visual exploration of London, which was textualized and published in his journal, The Indicator, after which it explores how Hunt raised inexpensive goods to the status of aesthetic artefacts by forming his domestic gallery at Hampstead Cottage. While attempting to interpret and analyze a part of the poem The Story of Rimini and Nicolas Poussin's Landscape with Polyphemus, the essay focuses on how Hunt reshaped the commercialized visual art in his textual space by newly mingling pictorialism with the predominant imagination of Romantic poetry, which also exemplifies the reading of "An Evening Landscape." Although Hunt's commercialized cockney visuality was undervalued as cockney uppity attitude against traditional aesthetics, the essay argues that it was Hunt's cockneyfied aesthetic challenge which showed his aesthetic identity, encouraging us to reconsider nineteenth century visual culture phenomena, but also the limited borderline of Romantic poetry with pictorialism.


The study surveys eating terms in Thai to find out complexities of the way the Thai people really categorize. It employs devices of a new view that takes more complex categorization as the main way in which we make sense of experience. That is, categories in this study are characterized depending on the bodily nature of the beings doing the categorizing, with imaginative mechanisms such as metaphor, metonymy, and mental imagery, on the one hand, and the theory of prototypes, on the other hand. The findings show that there are a large number of terms (up to 43 words) used to express the sense 'to eat' in the Thai language. Such words form the eating category which is complex in nature. There is a small number of the category members inherently containing the eating sense. Others are used via idealized cognitive models like metonymy and metaphor. The category also shows the relationship among its members, where non-prototypical members are extended from the prototypical scenario in the form of radial structure. Furthermore, it is also found that the prototypical cases are in accordance with polite terms. The understanding of how the Thai people categorize eating as such is, we believe, 1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. central to any understanding of how they think and how they function and, therefore, central to an understanding of their mind.


Among propositional attitudes, surprisingly little semantic research has been devoted to desire verbs. The possible-worlds analysis of propositional attitudes given by Hintikka (1969), designed for verbs like believe, was generally assumed adequate for desire predicates as well. Stalnaker (1984) showed that such approach is inappropriate. Recent formal analyses that appeared in Asher (1987), Heim (1992), and Geurts (1998), are based on the assumption that 'wanting that ' requires strong preference that , that is, preferring to in any possible case. In this paper I argue that this assumption should be revised, and present a probabilistic model for sentences of the kind d wants . Instead of 'strong preference that ' I claim that it's the overall expected desirability of that matters. My model is the standard possible worlds model with two additions. First, every desire report d wants is evaluated with respect to an evaluation function g(w') that quantifies the desirability of possible worlds for d. The higher g(w'), the more desirable is w'. I argue that it is crucial to allow different evaluation functions for the same individual – a person can have contradicting attitudes toward the same thing, both to want it ant not to want it simultaneously, but according to different aspects. This explains the fact that sentences (1) and (2) can be simultaneously true self-reports of the same person. On the contrary, contradicting belief reports, like (3) and (4), cannot simultaneously describe attitudes of the same congruent person. This difference was overlooked by previous analyses.


This chapter deals with the person indexation system of Emerillon (also called Teko), a little described Amazonian language. It will focus on the system's most interesting feature: the selection of the obligatory person index out of two series on transitive predicates. Transitive predicates allow only one person index, which is selected according to the relative position of the two arguments on both the person hierarchy 1/2 > 3 and the grammatical relation hierarchy S > O. I argue that this system should be classified as a distinct type of indexation system, here termed 'hierarchical'. The analysis of the hierarchical indexation system of Emerillon, in comparison with other languages, leads to three major theoretical assertions: First, hierarchical systems should be considered alongside major indexation systems such as nominative-accusative and ergative-absolutive. Second, indexation should be distinguished from alignment. And finally, inverse systems should be considered as a subtype of hierarchical systems more generally, rather than the other way around.


Data taken with a deep‐towed acoustics/geophysics system (DTAGS) are used to study deep ocean sediments. By towing the 250‐ to 650‐Hz bandwidth source and 48‐channel hydrophone streamer within 400 m of the seafloor, spatial resolutions on the order of ∼10 m with signal penetration to ∼600‐m depth was achieved. Estimates of the interval compressional velocity (Vp) within the sediments generally are within several percent of "true" interval velocities. The Vp vs depth functions for both Atlantic and Pacific sites suggest that the Vp gradient is generally extremely low within the upper ∼50‐ ∼125 m of sediments, then increases with depth; this result is not consistent with simple sediment compaction models used to develop previous geoacoustic models. Further, the spatial variability of Vp within the sediments (> 5% over distance scales of 10 to 100 s of m) resolved with these data indicates that range independent geoacoustic models are not satisfactory. Shear velocity estimates are also presented and used to ...


There are several fault tolerant protocols for managing replicated files in the event of network partitioning due to site or communication link failures. Previously there
has been no software simulation of the voting protocols apart from just stochastic modeling. In this paper, we simulate and analyze the throughput of message transfer during the communication. We use various network topologies to compare the parameters such as throughput, no of packets received and sent during voting process .We have analyzed the effects of various packet properties. The analysis provides evidence for the conjecture that the grouping scheme is the optimal algorithm in the context of the voting protocols. We also compare the proposed genetic approach for voting assignment with random algorithm proposed by Akhil Kumar. This comparison shows that genetic voting assignment gives better availability than random algorithm.


The AVN terminal is disclosed. The terminal determines the location of the interface unit and wearable devices in communication with the wearable device can comprise a controller for providing services based on location. Accordingly, user convenience is improved.


Abstract Background and aim: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have been reported to reduce the incidence of stroke in hypertensive patients. CCBs are also commonly used to treat patients with angina pectoris (AP). However, there are very few reports on their effects on cardiovascular events, including stroke and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), in patients with AP. This study was designed to assess the differences among CCBs regarding the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with AP. Methods: Clinical records of 226 patients with AP who had received treatment with CCBs in hospital from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 2006 were reviwed. The influence of patient characteristics and medication on the occurrence of cardiovascular events was evaluated (median follow-up period: 4.4 years). Of these 226 patients, 155 were treated with benidipine (CAS 91599-74-5), 36 with diltiazem (CAS 33286-22-5), and 35 were treated with nifedipine (CAS 21829-25-4). Results: Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that benidipine was the only CCB that significantly reduced the occurrence of cardiovascular events (HR=0.39, p<0.05). Benidipine treatment was associated with higher cardiovascular- and cardiac event-free rates than diltiazem treatment, and higher stroke- and ESRD-free rates than nifedipine. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that benidipine prevents the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with AP, suggesting that benidipine contributes to a favorable long-term prognosis of such patients.


The business model of an organization cannot be eternal: it has to be continuously adapted to the actual market demand, social, and environmental conditions. The importance of business model innovation is highlighted by the current coronavirus-situation – it both offers opportunities to the organizations and forces them to fundamentally change and rethink the actual way of working. The epidemic causes an extremely difficult situation for symphony orchestras as they have to cancel their performances and redefine how to reach their audiences. This can be achieved by business model innovation and by taking advantage of the opportunities offered by digitalisation. Authors – after briefly reviewing the concept of business model innovation – give an overview of some novel aspirations, attempts, projects selected from symphonic orchestral life which provide the reader with excellent examples of how the value proposition can be redefined and how the expectations of the 21st-century audience


Capacitor sizing problem is unique of general capacitor placement problem. The actual problem resides with optimal location and sizing of capacitors. The capacitor placing in distribution systems compensate reactive power, results in voltage profile improvement and energy loss reduction. Fuzzy expert system is used for locating bus. Practical mathematical procedure and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are adapted for analyzing capacitor size. The proposed approach illustrates two distinct methods related to determine the best location in terms of maximizing saving function. This approach is tested with 11kV, 28 bus IEEE radial feeder system with laterals and results simulated.


Ketenes are molecules containing a carbonyl group connected to an alkylidene group by way of a double bond (a pi-bond). The electrophilic nature of ketenes at their center, sp-hybridized carbon atom is the origin of many of the chemical transformations availible to these molecules. Previously in the Nelson laboratory, ketenes had been successfully employed in the acyl halide-aldehyde cyclocondensation (AAC) reaction. Both Lewis acid- and Lewis base-catalyzed AAC processes provide access to optically active 3,4-disubstituted-syn-2-oxetanones. The work described herein employs ketene in the Lewis base-catalyzed AAC reaction in an attempt to improve and expand the general utility of this reaction technology. This improved AAC methodology was then applied in the total synthesis of the natural product motuporin. Ketene was subsequently employed in the development of a novel ketene-Claisen rearrangement.


The concept of history of which the Zoroastrian priests and their secretaries were in charge in the Sasanian period was different from what is known as history nowadays. History was a means of education, glorification of kings, and preservation of the social order. Acts, myths, and legends were intertwined in historical accounts. Thus, historians were in a privileged position to modify history in favour of its educational aims, or even to make history more impressive by using rhetorical and figurative language such as metaphors and hyperboles. It is commonly believed that the situation of women in Iran in the Sasanian era had improved more significantly than that in the rest of the world, and that the women were better treated than in all previous epochs of Iran's history. But there is a story about the king Bahrām Gōr that testifies to tyranny and injustice towards women. It is a hunting story where Barhām Gōr cruelly causes the death of one of his mistresses, who was in his company. This story has been told and re-interpreted in, e.g., Ferdousi's Shāhnāme and Sa'ālebi's Ghorar al-siyar. This essay will study the situation of women in Sasanian Iran based on Bahrām Gōr's story.


Columnea latent viroid (CLVd) is an important quarantine plant pathogen, it is of regulatory interest because of its high rate of seed transmission in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The detection of CLVd from leaves and seeds of solanaceous and cucurbitaceae species were investigated. A reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RTLAMP) method was developed for detection of CLVd within 1 h. The method is highly sensitive, being 2,000 times and 100 times more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR in detecting CLVd from leaves and seeds, respectively. The results showed that this detection method was species specific to CLVd with no cross reactivity to other viroids in the same Pospiviroid genus. It was successfully applied to detect CLVd from field samples. This appears to be the first application of RT-LAMP for detecting CLVd.


This article introduces a new research methodology relevant to dance movement therapy and body psychotherapy. A case study of a non-clinical group, a four-women public administration team during their regular team meeting, exemplifies pattern analysis of defensive behavior in a conflict situation versus a non-conflict situation. Pattern analysis with THEME (Magnusson, 2000)1 preserves the complexity of the original behavior data and allows an integrative look at verbal and nonverbal behavior patterns. Specifically, this research assessed talking times, back channeling, gaze patterns, affect display, and movement qualities, with a particular focus on efforts and pre-efforts (Kestenberg & Sossin, 1979). Pre-efforts were used to operationalize defensive movement. Results suggest patterns within and between verbal and nonverbal codes. In the selected sequence, the team leader was trying to convince a long-term team member to write a newspaper article on a topic of public interest, but the team member was feeling overwhelmed. Here pre-efforts used related to insecurity, social influence, conflict of interests, and defense against face-threat as predicted by Kestenberg Movement Profiling (KMP) theory. Clinical implications are discussed.


Background: Early risk stratification of patients with acute heart failure syndrome (AHFS) can guide the decision to admit the patient to hospital and the choice of therapy. Methods: Standard review methodology using Medline and Google scholar from the years 2006–present. Papers before 2006 were reviewed when necessary. Results: Biomarkers used in AHFS are broadly classified based on their mechanism of action: inflammation, renal stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, oxidative stress, cardiac myocyte stress, and neurohormonal regulation. Conclusion: This paper provides a review for clinicians and medical scientists highlighting the most recent advances in biomarkers with application in AHFS.


In general, operating system is a system consisting of components of job
and working methods used to utilize the machine, so the machine can work as
expected. The reliability of a server on the Internet is also determined by its
operating system. Debian and CentOS are two of many operating systems that can
run on a server that widely used today. Researcher want to know how the resource
performance effectiveness of each of these two operating systems are both based
on Linux, but different derivative distributions. Debian and CentOS are installed
on the vps that have same resource.
In the process of monitoring resource, this system use charts and texts to
ease viewing the changes in realtime condition. Resource information from both
servers stored in database before displayed on the webserver for monitoring and
comparison. This system developed with agile software development
methodology that does not have a conherent, but focus on requirement changes.
This research successful to build an web based dashboard application with
realtime monitoring fetaure and performance comparison feature. Other features
are DDOS attack detection using SNORT IDS and block the threat either
manually or automatically.


Applications of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques to hydropower have increased rapidly in the last three decades. The majority of the experimental investigations of hydraulic turbines were supported by numerical studies and this has become a standard practice. In the paper, applied numerical techniques and flow modeling approaches to simulate the hydraulic turbines are discussed. Both steady-state and transient operating conditions of the turbines are considered for the review. The steady-state conditions include the best efficiency point (BEP), high load (HL), and part load (PL). The transient conditions include load variation, startup, shutdown, and total load rejection. The performance of the applied numerical models and turbulence modeling with respect to the operating conditions are discussed. The recently developed numerical technique (transient blade row modeling) using the Fourier transformation (FT) method is discussed. This technique allows guide vane and blade passages to be modeled with the pitch ratio other than unity. Numerical modeling and simulation of hydraulic turbines during the transient operating conditions is one of the most challenging tasks because guide vanes' angular movement is time-dependent and mesh should be dynamic/moving. Different approaches applied to simulate the transient conditions and their limitations are discussed. Overall, this review summarizes the role of numerical techniques, advantages, limitations, and upcoming challenges within hydropower.


Metalloproteinase was discovered by Gross and Lapierre in 1962 for the first time. Since then, more than 20 enzymes of this family have been characterized, and their functions have been studied in detail. Metalloproteinases take part in blood pressure regulation, the cell matrix extension and remodeling, anesthesia, multiple sclerosis, blood coagulation, wound healing, tumor transformation and metastasis, etc. This review covers structure of matrix metalloproteinases, their mechanism of action, as well as MMP's endogenous and exogenous inhibitors. A special place is occupied by analysis of approaches to matrix metalloproteinases synthetic inhibitors and their activity. This review demonstrates the perspectivity of new selective matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors design.


The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effect of real effective exchange rate (REER) on the fourth ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Philipinnes) with its two major trading partner, namely: Cina and Japan. This study analyzes both in the short-run and in the long-run. This study uses quarterly time series data over the periods of 2007.1 to 2015.4. Short-run and long-run impact of the depreciation of currencies on the trade balance between fourth Southeast Asia countries and its major trading partners are estimated by Error Correction Model (ECM). The empirical results indicate that : (i) in the long-run, there is a J-Curve phenomenon on the Malaysia, and Philipinnes trade balance with Cina, and for Japan J-Curve phenomenon holds on Indonesia and Thailand. (ii) in the short-run J-Curve phenomenon only holds on Indonesia and Thailand with Cina.


Mangroves are the general name for communities of woody plants growing in tropical intertidal areas.Mangroves have many irreplaceable ecological values.It reserves rich biological resources and species diversity,protects people living in coastal areas from typhoon and creates more land areas by sedimentation.In recent years,a total of 1 500 ha mangroves have been planted in the nature reserve.A survey was conducted on all artificial plantings since the start of records to assess the present growth of plantations,and techniques currently used in afforestation in Leizhou Peninsula was also reviewed.


We report the case of a young man suffering from the rare combination of livedo reticularis and recurrent ischemic cerebrovascular disease (Sneddon's syndrome). He also had a circulating anticardiolipin antibody. in the absence of systemic lupus erythematosus, we suggest the likelihood of a primary antiphospholipid syndrome.


Aiong with the spreacl of communicative language teaclmg, {here has been growing interest in the measurement of EFI. Iearners' communicative abihty. This study empirically examines the validity of five communicative tests, and investigates whether reading sections designed to measure skimming, scanning, and global comprehension have high correlations with sections expected to measure the sarne sub-skills (the extemal aspect of validity), and how strongly the items in the same section are associated with each other (the structural aspect of validity). Results showed that (a) correlations among the reading sections measuring the same sub-skiIIs were mostly moderate to high, suggesting relatively positive evidence of external validity, and (b) through cluster analysis, the scanning skill was identifiable in some test areas whereas skimming and global comprehension ski11s were not, implying that the structural aspect of validity was partially supported.


Objective To investigate the methods of nurse for chemotherapy to children with Acute Lymphocytic leukemia,to avoid and reduce the side effect and complication for chemotherapy,and to raise the effect of therapy.Methods The experience from 21 cases of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia was summarized.Results The side effect and complication were controlled promptly and effectively,and the effective rate was 85.7%.Conclusion The fine nurse job was an important factor,which can ensure the successful chemotherapy to children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.


We are very much aware of the fact that, the population of city and number of vehicles on the road are increasing day by day. With increasing urban population and hence the number of vehicles, need of controlling streets, highways and roads is major issue. The main reason behind today's traffic problem is the techniques that are used for traffic management. Today's traffic management system has no emphasis on live traffic scenario, which leads to inefficient traffic management systems. These traffic timers just show the preset time. This is like using open loop system. If we incorporate a closed loop system using camera, it is possible to predict the exact time on traffic light timers. If the traffic light timers are showing correct time to regulate the traffic, then the time wasted on unwanted green signals (green signal, when there is no traffic) will be saved. Timer for every lane is the simplest way to control traffic. And if those timers are predicting exact time then automatically the system will be more efficient. This paper represents the project that has been implemented by using the Matlab software and it aims to prevent heavy traffic congestion. This project does not actually measure the number of vehicles present on the road, but measures the area covered by vehicles on the road. Moreover, for implementing this project following steps must be considered: 1) image acquisition 2) RGB to grayscale transformation 3) image enhancement. At first, film of highway is captured by a camera has been installed in highway. A web camera is placed in a traffic lane that will capture images of the road on which we want to control traffic. Then these images are efficiently processed to know the traffic density. According to the processed data from matlab , the controller will send the command to the timer to show particular time on the signal to manage traffic.


Design of an aeroelastic model system used in the wind tunnel test of rolling maneuver load alleviation using active controls is discussed in this paper. The system consists of a full-span flying wing aircraft, a connecting mechanism which has a roll degree of freedom with roll angle limiting function, and a real-time control system for data collecting, test situation monitoring and real-time control. The full-s pan flying wing aircraft is a low s peed wind tunnel flutter model. Each wing of it has three control surfaces and its head structure could be removed by other Configuration. Performance of the dynamic characteristics of vibration of the model is analyzed and the flutter velocity is calculated. A system which keeps the aircraft remaining horizontal before starting rolling maneuver is designed by using active control technology.


Review(s) of: Graham Fricke, Libels, Lampoons and Litigants: Famous Australian Libel Cases, Hutchinson, Melbourne, 1984), pp i-ix, 1-216 with Table of cases, Index of names and Index. ISBN 0091487706. Geoffrey Robertson and Andrew Nicol, Media Law: The Rights of Journalists and Broadcasters, Oyez Longman, London, 1984, pp. i-xxxvi, 1-403 with Table of Cases, Table of Statutes and Index, ISBN 0851206506. David Hooper, Public Scandal, Odium and Contempt: An Investigation of Recent Libel Cases, Secker & Warburg, London, 1984, pp. i-x, 1-230 with Bibliography and Index, ISBN 0436200937.


due to L6wner.m The logarithmic function in the left-hand Bide in (8.1) means, of OOUl, such a branch that vanishes at C= oo. The formula (4.1) is, in reality, more profound than all the others used in this paper, save the previously quoted one clue to Landau. We state now tho following proposition. Theorem. If f(z) is schlicht n z[ < 1 and possesses here actually a pole zoo with ,'esidue A, then we have


This study aims to determine the policy strategy for coastal communities to use communal latrine as a place to defecate, so that sanitation programs can be sustainable. The research method used descriptive qualitative and quantitative with analytical hierarchy process. Data collection was done with focus group discussion to selected respondents. The results showed that there were five (5) aspects that influenced the increasing use of communal latrine, i.e environmental technical aspects, institutional, financing, government and community participation. The resulting policy strategy shows that the first policy with CR value of 329.2 is improving the use of sanitary privy by conducting a strategy; make the toilet design more attractive, there is no music toilet facilities and free of charge when using. The second policy with CR value of 270.8 is to improve the promotion of environmental health by conducting a strategy; socialization on health, provision of environmental awareness and sanction for BABS community . Keyword: Analytical Hierarcy Proses, Communal Latrine , Coastal Communities,  Policy Strategi


I argue that some instances of constitutional religious establishment can be consistent with an expressivist interpretation of democratic legitimacy. Whether official religious endorsements disparage or exclude religious minorities depends on a number of contextual considerations, including the philosophical content of the religion in question, the attitudes of the majority, and the underlying purpose of the official status of the religious doctrine.


1. Complete lobotomy causes too much blunting of the personality to warrant its further use except in severely deteriorated psychotic patients. 2. Selective cortical undercutting is presented as a new method of fractional lobotomy and offers certain technical advantages over other methods, in precision, preservation of adjacent blood supply, facility, and accessibility. 3. A sufficient number of undercuttings have now been done to permit specific recommendations for its therapeutic use. 4. The results of undercutting indicate that there is little specificity of the frontal lobes in their effect on psychoses but definite specificity in their effect on personality. The psychoses are favorably affected by quantitative isolation of any area of the frontal lobes. The personality is unaffected and shows little if any blunting following isolating of the orbital surface and a definite blunting upon isolation of the superior surface, similar but to a less degree to that found in a standard lobotomy. 5. There is mo...


A two-year research was conducted to investigate the effect of different
 tillage methods on some soil physical characteristics and crop yield in
 rapeseed cultivation after rice harvesting. Five tillage treatments
 including: (i) using rotavator, once to depth of 10-15 cm (T1), (ii) using
 rotavator, twice to depth of 10-15 cm (T2), (iii) using moldboard plow to
 depth of 25 cm + rotavator, once to depth of 10-15 cm (T3), (iv) no-till
 planting through removing rice stubbles from plots (T4), and (v) no-till
 planting without removing rice stubbles from plots (T5), were evaluated under
 randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. The biannual
 results revealed that the effect of tillage methods was significant (p<0.01)
 on soil bulk density, surface residues after tillage, dry mass of weeds, seed
 germination, and grain yield. T2 and T3 made considerable reduction in soil
 bulk density compared to other treatments for the 15- to 30-cm tillage
 depths. In T1, T2, T3, and T4, surface residues after tillage decreased in
 comparison with T5 by up to 35.37, 50.71, 69.92, and 75.75%, respectively.
 Having 71.48 g m-2, T5 had the maximum dry mass of weeds while T3 had the
 minimum one with 37.50 g m-2. Means comparison represented that in T2 and T3,
 seed germination reached the shortest length of 6.4 days in average. The
 highest and lowest grain yields were acquired in T3 (1,571 kg ha-1) and T5
 (1,339 kg ha-1), respectively. Statistically, there was no significant
 difference between T1 (1,432 kg ha-1) and T2 (1,537 kg ha-1) compared with T3
 in terms of grain yield.


Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have emerged as a powerful generative model in computer vision. Given their impressive abilities in generating highly realistic images, they are also being used in novel ways in applications in the life sciences. This raises an interesting question when GANs are used in scientific or biomedical studies. Consider the setting where we are restricted to only using the samples from a trained GAN for downstream group difference analysis (and do not have direct access to the real data). Will we obtain similar conclusions? In this work, we explore if "generated" data, i.e., sampled from such GANs can be used for performing statistical group difference tests in cases versus controls studies, common across many scientific disciplines. We provide a detailed analysis describing regimes where this may be feasible. We complement the technical results with an empirical study focused on the analysis of cortical thickness on brain mesh surfaces in an Alzheimer's disease dataset. To exploit the geometric nature of the data, we use simple ideas from spectral graph theory to show how adjustments to existing GANs can yield improvements. We also give a generalization error bound by extending recent results on Neural Network Distance. To our knowledge, our work offers the first analysis assessing whether the Null distribution in "healthy versus diseased subjects" type statistical testing using data generated from the GANs coincides with the one obtained from the same analysis with real data. The code is available at https://github.com/yyxiongzju/GLapGAN.


Abstract The paper describes the ecosystem constituted by marine sediments and their microfiora and fauna but with special emphasis on the ecology of ciliated protozoa. This description is based on quantitative studies of the vertical and horizontal distribution of the fauna, the physicochemical factors (O2, H2, S, Eh, pH, grain size, organic matter, salinity) and the microfiora, and on model experiments with artificial and natural sediments. Factors controlling the oxidation-reduction properties of sediments, the O2-uptake of reduced sediments and the respiration and photosynthesis of undisturbed sediments were studied. Among other things it is demonstrated that the microfaunal communities can be correlated with the oxidation-reduction properties of sediments and with their mechanical composition and that the endproducts of anaerobic decomposition (notably H2S) are of large trophic significance to the sediment ecosystem through the activity of cherno- and photoautotrophic bacteria. The energetic role of ...


Detailed theory and experimental results are described for a semiconductor directional magnetic sensor which shows a very high sensitivity in one direction of a magnetic field but a negligibly small sensitivity in the other. This is based on the combination of the Hall effect and the magnetoresistive effect in a piece of high-mobility semiconductor. A theory of the geometrical effect on the characteristics has been developed for a rectangular 3-terminal element by using conformal transformations. Experimental results on the InSb sensor agree well with the theoretical results, and thus a design principle of the sensor is established.


Nano-sized perovskite type composite oxide La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33) Mn_(0.7) Fe_(0.3) O_3 was synthesized by sol-gel combustion method.Morphology and structure of the prepared powder were characterized by XRD and SEM.The results show that La_(0.67) Sr_(0.33) Mn_(0.7) Fe_(0.3) O_3 was Perovskite structure(ABO_3),with its grain diameter being about 50 nm at the length of 1 μm.With 350 W xenon lamp as light source,reacting in the catalytically degraded blue solution methylene for 6 hours,the degradation rate reached 96%.


OBJECTIVE
Osteoporosis is a secondary problem in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. There have been only a few reports about the effect of interferon beta (IFNB) 1b on bone mineral density (BMD). We aimed to determine bone mass in patients using IFNB 1b.

METHODS
We enrolled 17 patients taking IFNB 1b (group I), 15 patients not taking IFNB (group II). We measured the BMD and T scores values and the patients were distinguished as normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis.

RESULTS
In the lumbar spine, there was no difference between groups I and II (p=0.3). In the left femur, no significant difference was detected between groups I and II (p=1). There was an inverse correlation between the BMD at the both regions and the Expanded Disability Status Scale score (r= -0.39, p=0.03; r=-0.52, p=0.002, respectively).

CONCLUSION
IFNB 1b may be used safely in MS patients, even in those undergoing pulse steroid therapies, because IFNB 1b has no effect on BMD.


Bidirectional associative memories have been proposed by Kosko[1]. Kosko's model consists of two layers of neurons with synaptic connections between the layers. In the original model, the synaptic weight connections are determined by a correlation matrix of stored patterns. However, when the training pattern vectors are not orthogonal, cross-talk noise may occur in the system. To solve such problem, Oh.et.al. have been proposed Pseudorelaxation learning algorithm for BAM (PRLAB) which uses a projection method[2]. PRLAB does not require orthogonality or any special encoding of the training pairs and extremely increase the storage capacity. We extend the real-valued PRLAB algorithm to complex value. In the case that the complex-valued BAM trained by the extended PRLAB, we show that the storage capacity increases as the same as in the real-valued PRLAB. Moreover, it is also shown that when the complex-valued BAM fails to store the patterns to have high storage capacity, the time series of directional cosine during the training show non-periodic oscillation. We analyze the non-periodic oscillation in the present paper. As a result the non-periodic oscillation has a low-dimensional structure.


Using the bactional calculus operator $D _{z}^{\lambda}f(z)$ (hactiond derivatives and fractional integrals) for functions $f(z)$ which are analytic in the open unit disk $ \mathbb{U}$ , a new fractional operator $ \Omega^{\lambda}f(z)$ of $f(z)$ is defined by $ \Omega^{\lambda}f(z)=\Gamma(2-\lambda)z^{\lambda}D_{z}^{\lambda}f(z)$ for any real $ \lambda$ . This operator $ \Omega^{\lambda}f(z)$ is the generalization operator of $S \delta 1\delta gean$ derivative operator and Libera integral operator for $f(z)$ . With this &u;tional operator $ \Omega^{\lambda}f(z)$ , some subclasses of $f(z)$ are defined by subordinations. The object of the present paper is to discuss some problems for functions $f(z)$ belonging to these classes. FinaUy, a new hactiod operator $O _{\gamma.z}^{\lambda}f(z)$ for $f(z)$ is introduced by using the fractional calculus operator. This new haetional operator is the generalization of some historical operators.


The genetic base of cucumber (C. sativus var. sativus L.; 2n = 2x = 14) is extremely narrow {3% to 8% among elite and exotic germplasm and 12% between botanical varieties [C. sativus var. sativus L. and var. hardwickii (R.) Alef.]} (Dijkhuizen et al., 1996; Horejsi and Staub, 1999). In fact, the limited genetic diversity of U.S. processing cucumber (especially since 1950) may, in part, be the result of the broad use of only a few cultigens (e.g., line Gy-14) in cultivar development (Staub et al., 2008). Yield in processing cucumber has plateaued in the last 20 years, and the introgression of exotic genes into commercial cucumber may provide opportunities for germplasm enhancement. Therefore, a series of 94 C. hystrix Chakr.-derived U.S. processing market-type inbred backcross lines (IBL) were released in Jan. 2011 by the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture to provide genetic stocks for broadening the genetic base of pickling cucumber. The IBL were developed by crossing a U.S. processing cucumber (C. sativus L.; line WI 7023A) and a C. hystrix-derived (C. hystrix · C. sativus) line (WI 7012A) and is made available to U.S. cucumber breeders to supply a source from which they may develop processing market types with increased genetic diversity and yield potential suitable for field production. Origin


In the title salt, (C8H15N3)[CdCl4], four Cl atoms coordinate the CdII atom in a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry. In the crystal, each [CdCl4]2− anion is connected to the 1-cyanomethyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane dications by N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming chains parallel to [001]. C—H⋯Cl interactions also occur.


Optimization study was done on the Xen which was open and mainstream virtual monitor machine. Theories including Communicating Sequential Processes ( CSP) and software architecture were utilized to formalize architecture for block device in Xen. Design rules were proposed to constrain concurrent interactions among components of architecture for block device. Therefore, deadlocks were prevented in theory and the reliability was improved. With the guide of the design rules, the related programs were overhauled and revised. Preliminary experiments indicate that I /O throughput aroused by the overhaul is reduced. However, reliability of the system is enhanced. The optimization is still valuable.


Universities and teacher employment bodies seek new, cost-effective ways for graduating classroom-ready teachers. This study involved 32 final-year preservice teachers in an innovative school–university partnership teacher education programme titled, the School-Community Integrated Learning (SCIL) pathway. Data were collected using a five-part Likert scale survey with extended written responses. Survey results showed that preservice teachers involved in the SCIL pathway learnt more about the teaching profession, which extended their usual university coursework. Furthermore, written responses suggested ways for advancing their understandings to ensure preservice teachers receive a quality school experience towards readiness for teaching.


The effects of the total content and compound proportions of hydrogenated rosin and polymerized rosin in flux on the properties of SnAgCu lead-free solder paste were studied by test analysis of spreadability and anti-slumping ability.The results indicate that with increasing the content of mixed rosin,the spreading rate increased,the appearance of welding spot was improved,and anti-slumping ability of solder paste was significantly enhanced when the content of mixed rosin between 20wt% and 60wt% in flux.When the content of mixed rosin in flux is about 40wt%,the welding spot was plump,beamy and regular,and the spreading ratio were all about 82%,whatever the compound proportions of two kinds of rosin in solder paste were.And the more the percentages of polymerized rosin in flux,the better the anti-slumping ability of solder paste.Through a test welding of electronic chip component,the result shows that the solder paste has good welding performance and can be used to the soldering of ordinary electronic products.