In Reply. —Drs Haverkos and Drotman assert in their second paragraph that our conclusion regarding the negligible likelihood of an epidemic spread of HIV in the heterosexual population rests on a simple network model that relies exclusively on our survey findings that 80% of adults reported no or one sexual partner in the past year and the very low percentages of men and women reporting homosexual or bisexual activity during the same period. This is a gross simplification of the argument and its empirical support in chapters 6 and 7 devoted to the characterization of sexual networks in the United States and its implications for the epidemic, and chapter 11's extended discussion of the correlations of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with numbers of sexual partners and sexual practices. 1


A 51-year-old man on hemodialysis was studied with Tc-99m MIBI and I-123 scintigraphy for the assessment of a parathyroid mass. Although the results for the parathyroid detection were negative, bone structure was incidentally visualized with Tc-99m MIBI. Bone scintigraphy with Tc-99m MDP and marrow scintigraphy with In-111 chloride did not indicate a high bone turnover or marrow hyperplasia.


Advancements in the parameterization of clouds in global circulation models (GCMs) are contingent upon our ability to validate them on the global scale. We examine the performance of the European Centre for Medium‐range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) prognostic cloud scheme using data from the Lidar In‐space Technology Experiment (LITE). Qualitative comparisons and results from a statistical analysis are presented.


Problem statement: Love waves or shear waves are referred to dispersive SH waves. The
diffusive parameters are found to produce complex amplitude and diffusive waves for energy hauling.
Approach: Analytical solutions are found for analysis and discussions. Results: When the standing
waves are compared with the Love waves, similar cosine component is found in both waves. Energy
hauling between waves is impossible for Love waves if the cosine component is independent. In the
view of 3D particle motion, the sine component of the Rayleigh waves will interfere with shear waves
and thus the energy hauling capability of shear waves are formed for generating directed dislocations.
Nevertheless, the cnoidal waves with low elliptic parameter are shown to act analogous to Rayleigh
waves. Conclusion: Love waves or Rayleigh waves are unable to propagate energy once the sine
component does not exist.


General situation of developing and utilizing refractory used in various processes in iron smelting,steelmaking and steel rolling in Tangshan Iron and Steel Company is introduced,idea to develop the new varieties of refractory during the ninth "Five Year Plan" is presented.


We prove the regularity of the η function for classical pseudodifferential operators with Shubin symbols. We recall the construction of complex powers and of the Wodzicki and Kontsevich–Vishik functionals for classical symbols on R n with these symbols. We then define the ζ and η functions associated to suitable elliptic operators. We compute the K 0 group of the algebra of zero-order operators and use this knowledge to show that the Wodzicki trace of the idempotents in the algebra vanishes. From this, it follows that the η function is regular at 0 for all self-adjoint elliptic operator of positive order.


Ermine Benjamin, an ethnic minority achievement advisory teacher for primary schools in Southwark, looks at how to maximise levels of attainment in numeracy for ethnic minority pupils.


In recent years, the number of traffic accidents in automobiles has decreased, but the number of traffic accidents caused by people has increased. To prevent this, it is necessary to control the human condition within the vehicle. In this study, we develop an electrocardiograph with capacitive coupled electrodes using the principle of capacitive coupling, which enables the measurement of the electrocardiogram (ECG), which is a physiological index of the subject within the vehicle. In addition, in the ECG measurement in the superposed state of clothes, which is a challenging problem, the input impedance of the system is amplified by using the Bootstrap type VF in the front-end analog circuit of the first stage of the system. However, because the signal modulation is confirmed at this time, the ECG waveform is emphasized by performing a discrete wavelet transformation. From an experiment in the assumed environment in the car using the proposed system, we thus suggest a solution to the problem of overlapping clothes that occurs in the conventional system.


Abstract : Gas density under combustion conditions can be obtained by measuring the intensity of the molecular (Rayleigh) scattering of light from a laser beam. A system which obtains an essentially continuous record of the density along a length of the laser beam is described. The temperature and degree of combustion can thus be determined for a number of interesting combustion configurations, which will ultimately lead to a better description and understanding of combustion flow flame field phenomena. An image of Rayleigh scattered light from the combustion region is projected onto a monolithic self scanning linear photodiode array by means of a lens, bandpass filter, slit, image intensifier, and fiber optic reducer. The video output of the linear array is digitized and stored, creating a space-time map of the density which can be visualized and manipulated as an image. Analysis of these images by image processing techniques gives qualitative and quantitative information about such features of the combustion zone as flame wrinkling and periodicity, flame thickness and continuity, and other structural and time dependent properties in the combustion region. Following a brief introduction, the components are described, the system performance characteristics are discusssed, and an example of a processed image from a simple turbulent flame is presented. Keywords: Rayleigh scattering; Premixed turbulent flames; Laser imaging.


This paper discusses the design of ultra wideband TEM horns that make use of an elliptic plate separation profile in addition to an impedance taper. The nature of radiation form the horns is investigated, and based on the insight gained, the initial design is modified to improve performance. Bandwidth ratios of up to 25:1 are predicted.


Mathematical concepts and symbols are often firstly introduced in a narrow meaning. The harmful consequences of such an initial presentation are widely reported in mathematics education. The question we posed in this paper is the following: Is it essential to introduce the equal sign in a narrow meaning as an operation, and not in its broader meaning as a relation? We found that pre-school children are capable of addressing changes that are simultaneously made on two quantities (adding or subtracting the same, and even a different number, of objects to two groups of objects), a capability needed when dealing with relations. These findings call for a closer examination of introducing the equal sign in its broader form, as a relation ("the same").


Objective: This study was aimed to explore the genetic rule for dermatoglyphics of human fingertips.Methods: The"Whorl" was defined as a regular round fingerprint.The fingerprint about random and genealogical population was analyzed.Results: The frequency histogram was not mormal distribution;number of subjects with 10 "Whorl" was much more than theoretical value.There were correlations in eight of 45 kinds combination between two fingers among 10 fingers.The frequency of corresponding fingers with "Whorl" in filial generation from corresponding fingers with "Whorl" of parent was 46%.Conclusion: The fingerprint may be controlled by a gene,which phenotype is a regular round fingerprint,and by another kind genes,those interfere the former' s phenotype.The changes from fingerprint of each finger take place independently and randomly.


Background. Age-related changes in the development of the roses are closely interrelated with organoarsenicals processes. The nature and duration of their interaction determine the formation of the leaf apparatus, generative organs and the root system. The authors undertook a detailed analysis of the age periodization of the life cycle and determined the relationship of age-related conditions with the stages of organogenesis of roses. Materials and methods. The research was conducted in 1982-2014 on the basis of AUSRI of essential oil-bearing crops (Crimea) and Penza State University. The objects of the study were 10 species of 11 varieties and 2 hybrids of essential oil roses. The peculiarities of plant organs' formation and cytological structure were studied at temporary and permanent preparations in accordance with techniques generally accepted for roses [1]. Results. Growth and development of most types and forms are slow, the formation of flowers and fruit occurs during the second or third year of life, there are followed the general sequence of laying parts of the flower, a single plan structure and the same phase of its blooming. The most variable are quantitative and qualitative features that characterize elements of the flower and fruit. The specifics of stages of ontogenesis in the samples studied is that in its first year of development the plant (less than 10 %) reaches the virginal state, and the rest goes towards the winter in a state of immature age. In the second year all the plants entered into an adult generative state, the number of shoots increased, flowering and fruiting was observed. By the fourth year, the vegetative shoots reach the senile age condition and die by the fifth year. Generative shoots are more viable, their death occures in 6-7 years. The natural death of a rose plant (a bush) usually occurs between the ages of 20-30 years, and its viability is maintained by shoot regeneration. Conclusions. The established relationship between age states of roses and the phases of plant development and organogenesis stages allows to more objectively describe the introducers by providing opportunities to comprehensively assess the growth performance, generative development of plants, determine the value of their biological capacity and amplitude of plasticity in specific environments, and hence the deserving degree of long-term shrubs.


Modern distance teaching activities have occupied an important position in current education and teaching activities. This research mainly discusses the application of digital image processing technology in remote interactive art teaching systems. In order to avoid complicated calculation and a huge amount of calculation, reduce the difficulty of calculation, and improve the correction speed of distorted image and for qualitative recognition and correction of a large background and small target (or medium and small target) digital images (video is regarded as a special form of continuous image, method-like) that appear in a large number of remote teaching activities, this paper proposes a direct look-up method based on coordinate interpolation, that is, to establish the approximate correspondence between the image coordinate positions before and after the distortion and build a reference model for comparing the two image coordinates through experimental data. The system design includes overall design, functional module design, and database design. To realize the function of distance education, it must have characteristics different from ordinary networks and the most important thing is that its transmission bandwidth should be large. Because the distance education platform needs to be able to transmit the teaching text, hear the teacher's voice, see the teacher's teaching image content, and even see the carefully designed animation, the distance education system must have a very wide bandwidth. The database tables are designed using entity attribute diagrams and E-R diagrams. E-R diagram is also called entity-connection diagram, which provides a way to express entity types, attributes, and connections. It is used to describe the conceptual model of the real world. Remote online test management includes test content perform operations such as addition. The art teaching management system designed in the article will make teachers and students no longer be restricted by time and place and can inquire about students' information, choose courses freely, inquire about grades, and understand the teaching plan anytime and anywhere. This research helps to promote the development of remote interactive technology.


Contributions of experimental and selected theoretical charge-density research to medicinal chemistry are reviewed; combining experimental methods from high-resolution small-molecule and macromolecular crystallography with theory proves to be fruitful.


Objective To investigate the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 on CD4~+CD25~+ regulatory T cell in vivo and survival of rat renal allograft.Methods Forty-four Wister rats underwent unilateral nephrectomy and heterotopic transplantation with SD kidneys.After the establishment of transplanted model,Wister rats were divided into group Ⅰ:acute rejection with no treatment;Group Ⅱ: acute rejection treated with cyclosporine A of 3 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) for 13 days;Group Ⅲ:acute rejection treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 of 1 μg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) for 13 days;Group Ⅳ:acute rejection treated with coadminstration of cyclosporine and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 at the same dose as that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Allograft survival time among the 4 groups was compared.Serum creatinine was meas- ured on day 6 and 15 posttransplantation.Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and histologic disorder among the 4 groups were examined and compared on day 10 after transplantation.Results Survival of allograft in group Ⅱ[(16.5±2.7)d],group Ⅲ[(13.3±3.2) d],and group Ⅳ [(24.8±2.6) d] were significantly prolonged [vs group Ⅰ (8.7±1.8) d,P0.05].The serum ereatinine level was lower in group Ⅱ [(67.4±8.0) mmol/L],group Ⅲ [(62.7±7.5) mmol/L],and group Ⅳ [(77.1± 9.4) mmol/L] than that in group Ⅰ [(424.3-±61.2) mmol/L,P0.05] on day 6 posttransplantation. The stimulation index of MLR for spleen cells of donors in group Ⅲ (0.65±0.04) was lower than in group Ⅰ (0.81±0.08,P0.01).Watanabe score in group Ⅲ significantly decreased compared with group Ⅰ (P0.05).Conclusion 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 can inhibit acute graft rejection.Treat- ment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 and CsA can improve renal function and prolong survival time of rat allografts.


Introduction : Atherosclerosis is asymptomatic and its complications are chronic, slowly progressive and cumulative. Serum ferritin tends to increase in ?-thalassemia major cases; hence, it can become an indicator for premature atherosclerosis. . The risk of atherosclerosis is high in ?-thalassemia major cases. Objectives : To identify the relationship between serum ferritin and premature atherosclerosis in children with ?-thalassemia major. This research also provided the prevalence and correlation of premature atherosclerosis between serum ferritin level and lipid profile Material and Methods : This research was an analytical cross-sectional study in pediatric clinic Haji Adam Malik Hospital from July to November 2019. Echocardiography was used to measure carotid intima-media thickness, while serum ferritin and lipid levels were measured from laboratory analysis. Data analysis was done by using SPSS software. Mann-Whitney test was used to observe the relationship between serum ferritin and premature atherosclerosis, and Spearman correlation test was used to observe the correlation between serum ferritin and lipid. Result : Among 35 research samples, 6 children (17%) suffered from premature atherosclerosis with mean CIMT 0.6 ± 0.27 mm. The mean values of triglyceride in patients with and without atherosclerosis were 141 (SD 41.3) mg/dl and 117 (SD 41.8) mg/dl respectively (p = 0.203). There was no significant relationship found between serum ferritin and premature atherosclerosis in children with ?-thalassemia major (p = 0.708).


Sigmoid volvulus is a common colonic disease especially in elderly people and its rate of recurrence is reported to be high without surgery. We attempted transanal tube insertion for two patients with a history of recurrent sigmoid volvulus at short intervals which made it possible to take time to prepare safely for elective surgery. In both cases, laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy was successfully done and the postoperative course was good. A transanal tube is expected to prevent the relapse of volvulus during the waiting period for elective surgery and also bring good decompression of the proximal colon, which is preferable for laparoscopic surgery. We recommend transanal tube insertion bridging to elective laparoscopic surgery for recurrent sigmoid volvulus.


Cloud computing is a new technology can be described as the next generation of Information Technology for the educational technical institute in Malaysia. With the rapidly growing needs of the information technology and the current financial crisis, most of the higher education institutes including the technical institute are facing the problem to provide the ICT infrastructure, education and development activities. However, cloud computing implementation in a technical institute in Malaysia is in the beginning stage. This research aim is to design and implement of Cloud Computing at ILP Selandar in learning and teaching environment also to allow the management, reducing the cost to purchase the expensive computer, licensed software and program that using during the learning process. This research also proposed to deploy a Hybrid Cloud Computing model where is the combination of existing local infrastructure with the public Cloud. The information is gathered by the interviewing IT Team and senior lecturer, they recommend the implementation of Cloud Computing at ILP Selandar. (ABSTRACT BY AUTHOR)


Based on three theses for oral examination of professor YAN Zhi-jie, this paper puts forward questions and discusses the problems of whether or not the reform in China is contradictory to the basic principles of Marxist labor value theory and whether or not the concrete application range of labor value theory is the application range for labor value theory.


This research presents a secondary control for a grid-supporting microgrid with photovoltaics sources to guarantee grid code compliance and ancillary services. The secondary control accomplishes the fault ride-through, which implements a delayed signal cancellation (DSC) algorithm for negative sequence detection. Without mode switching, the proposed control strategy meets grid code requirements and ensures voltage regulation at the secondary level, which is active and more salient throughout the transient period of host grid disturbances. This control also ensures a constant supply of the microgrid's sensitive local load while adhering to grid code requirements. Similarly, active power injection into the main grid is limited by progressively altering the MPPT operating point dependent on the depth of voltage sag to optimize reactive power injection to sustain grid voltage sag. The recommended secondary control is triggered by utilizing the DSC process's detection algorithm to identify the occurrence of a fault in a tiny fraction of a half-cycle in a grid fault. Consequently, while satisfying microgrid load needs, the devised technique guaranteed that increases in DC-link voltage and AC grid current were controlled. MATLAB Simscape ElectricalTM and OPAL-RT Lab are used to do time-domain simulations of the model using the recommended secondary control systems.


Diffusion effects on the structure of a steady, plane shock in a proton‐electron plasma have been studied using a simplified, two‐fluid, hydrodynamic model in which diffusion is the only shock broadening mechanism. Charge separations occur inside the shock because of the mass difference between protons and electrons. The shock is shown to have electric field and density oscillations as a function of distance through the shock. The peak electric fields are large; the peak electric field inside a weak shock of Mach 1.169 reaches 41 700 v/cm for typical quiescent plasma conditions. The distance in which electric field changes occur is of the order of ten Debye lengths of the quiescent plasma. The present work is limited to shocks of Mach number less than 2.


Based on the acoustic dipole radiation model,a new theory for Magnetoacoustic Tomography with Magnetic Induction(MAT-MI) is proposed in the paper to solve the problem of opposite acoustic vibration at the conductivity boundary.The analytic solutions of magnetoacoustic transmission and acoustic waveform collection are deduced for one dimensional vibration and three dimensional acoustic dipole radiation.The simulation results prove that the acoustic wave clusters comprise the conductivity information and the reconstructed tomographic image can present the configurations of conductive tissues without inner conductivity distribution visualization.The experimental results have good agreements with the theoretical simulations for a two layer cylindrical phantom model.The favorable results of the proposed theory provide a basis for the feasible application of MAT-MI in bio-electrical impedance imaging.


This purpose of this panel is to debate the challenges, directions, and opportunities for design in medical work domains. One of the ultimate goals is to have the Human Factors community establish a leadership position in medical design practice. The panelists will discuss various perspectives and issues related to problem identification, data collection, analysis, design, and implementation. These views set the stage for creating recommendations that can be implemented and have real impact.


Bovine serum albumin is one globulin,which has been successfully applied on animal models and vitro study on vascular disease. This article reviewed the pathogenesis of vascular disease which was induced by bovine serum albumin for medicine.


Due to its unique properties, including high conductivity, large surface area and significant mechanical strength, graphene has attracted a great deal of attention among researchers in physics, biology, nanoelectronics and nanotechnology fields, especially over the past few years. A fundamental understanding of the DNA-hybridization detection mechanism and technical prediction and optimization of many graphene-based DNA sensors requires extensive modeling and simulation of devices. Although there have been numerous experimental studies in this field, the lack of analytical models is felt deeply. In this work, to start with modelling, a liquid field effect transistor-based structure is employed as a platform, and graphene charge density variation based on the Poisson-Boltzman equations are studied under the impact induced by the adsorption of different values of DNA concentration on its surface. The effect of DNA molecules concentration and surface charge density of ssDNA and dsDNA before and after hybridization are considered in the calculation of the analytical model. The obtained current-voltage characteristics of the proposed model are compared with available experimental data existing, and a good agreement is found. For all the concentrations considered in this work, the proposed model can track experimental curves documented by other authors, with acceptable accuracy.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of 21 selected basketball skill tests to successful basketball performance. The 21 skill test items were administered to 70 boys ranging in age from 12 to 17 attending the 1977 University of Minnesota-Duluth basketball camp for boys. Based on the ratings of three high school and three college coaches, camp participants were designated as successful (n = 32) and unsuccessful (n = 38) performers. The stepwise discriminant analysis procedure was used. Six skill tests were identified as significantly contributing to discriminating between group membership. These tests, in order of the magnitude of their standardized discriminant function coefficients, were (1) speed pass, (2) zig-zag run, (3) free jump, (4) side step, (5) front shot, and (6) zig-zag dribble. It was concluded that a basketball skill test battery comprised of these six test items would objectively measure basketball playing ability and discriminate between successful and uns...


Now you are a qualified chartered accountant the next steps and the skills you need to work on are dependent on your end goal, make sure you know what it is.


A kind of a digital video disc (DVD), the subtitle processing method, comprising: a step (200), predetermined preparatory installation script text subtitle in the subtitle indicator; step (300), corresponding to the subtitles displayed movie script, and probing the movie subtitles and captions point appears as shown in the end point; step (400), and the write point and a caption subtitles corresponding to the end point time code, and displays the directory and the time code in the script subtitles subtitles indicator directory; state in step (500), and checks the time code corresponding to the state with subtitles listed, if some error is detected, then the time code corresponding thereto, and subtitle state listed in correcting; and a step ( 600), the subtitle script made a script file and timecode.


Objective: To assess the possible differences between right and left internal jugular veins in head and neck cancer patients, in order to choose one of them for cannulation. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was designed including 102 internal jugular veins of 51 head and neck cancer patients evaluated by means of duplex Doppler ultrasonography. Patency, presence of thrombosis, characteristics of the vein wall, compressibility, area of vein both at rest and during Valsalva maneuver, expiratory flow speed, Valsalva flow speed, and jugular flow on each side were registered in all veins. Results: Thrombosis with impaired compressibility was found in 0.9% of the veins. All parameters were higher on the right side, but only expiratory flow speed (p = 0.049), area during Valsalva (p = 0.047), and jugular flow (p = 0.047) showed a significant difference. Conclusion: In head and neck cancer patients, the area parameters of the right internal jugular vein suggest more favorable anatomical conditions for the placement of central venous catheters than the left one.


The epoxy/magnetite nanocomposites express superparamagnetism under a static or a low-frequency electromagnetic field. At the microwave frequency, said the X-band, the nanocomposites reveal an unexpected diamagnetism. To explain the intriguing phenomenon, we revisit the Debye relaxation law with the memory effect. The magnetization vector of the magnetite is unable to synchronize with the rapidly changing magnetic field, and it contributes to superdiamagnetism, a negative magnetic susceptibility for nanoparticles. The model just developed and the fitting result can not only be used to explain the experimental data in the X-band, but also can be used to estimate the transition frequency between superparamagnetism and superdiamagnetism.


In this paper the optimization of the design of a tunable coplanar patch antenna and results thereof are presented and discussed. The design optimizations resulted in a coplanar patch antenna that could be tuned over a range of 240 MHz (1.79-2.03 GHz) for a minimum return loss of 10 dB. The antenna has an Omni-directional radiation pattern and the gain is nearly constant over the tuning range with an average value of 2.2dB.


The internal variables that can increase productivity and income, including schooling, age, arable land size and the number of dependents and the experience of agriculture and social status are all linked to the identity of farmers. The aim of this study is: (1) Empirically demonstrate that the age of farmers is influenced by rice farming income in the village of Ngkaringkaring, subdistrict of Bungi and city of Baubau; (2) empirically demonstrate that there is an impact on rice crop income in Ngkaringkaring Village and Bungi Subdistrict and Baubau City on farmers ' education; (3) Demonstrate empirically whether the number of dependents of the farming family has an impact on the income of lowland rice farming in Ngkaringkaring Village, subdistrict of Bungi, the city of Baubau; (4) Demonstrate empirically whether farmers ' experience has an impact on the income of lowland rice farming in Ngkaringkaring Village, subdistrict of Bungi, Baubau City; (5) (5) To prove empirically whether farmers have an impact on the income of lowland rice farmers in Ngkaringkaring Village, subdistrict of Bungi, Baubau City; (6) To prove empirically whether the social status of farmers has an impact on the income of rice farming in Ngkaringkaring Village, subdistrict of Bungi, Baubau City. The technique used is a multi-linear regression method. The results of this study are: (1) The level of education and area of arable land and the effect of income on lowland rice farming with a probability value of 0.000 each well below 0.05 means that H0 is rejected and H2 and H5 accepted; (2) Age, farming experience, number of family dependents and social status do not affect rice farming income, as each has a probably. (3) The identity of the respondent farmers (age, level of education, farming experience, number of family dependents, area of arable land and social status) together contributed 96.4 percent to the income effect on lowland rice farming, while the remaining 3.6 percent were affected by other factors.

Keywords: Farmer Identity, Rice Field Farming Income


The present invention discloses process of producing artificial stalk board. The material is treated through softening and rolling to form longitudinally continuous and transversely staggered fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles are glued, spread, pre-pressed and hot pressed to form artificial board with moderated density, excellent mechanical performance and good machining performance. The present invention raises the mechanical performance of artificial stalk board and develops one kind of timber substitute.


The task was set of determining the dependence of the quantitative indicator of the corrosion rate of the material of the body of the electric dehydrator on the composition of the aggressive medium, the development of measures to improve the quality of the assessment of workability and the assessment of the residual life, as well as ensuring the protection of the parts of the body of the electric dehydrator from exposure to the most aggressive working phases during operation. For research, rectangular samples were made of low-alloy steel 09G2S with dimensions of 20x20 mm and a thickness of 4 mm. To quantify corrosion wear, the samples were immersed for different times in three model media: ordinary water with different NaCl concentrations; the water, which has stood up from oil, with various concentration of NaCl; oil-water emulsion with an oil content in the water in the range from 7.7% to 95%. It was shown that the maximum corrosion wear is observed in a model medium, which is separated water with salt dissolved in it and characteristic of the lower bottom and lower zones of the electric dehydrator body.


The categorization of a Web user query by topic or category can be used to select useful Web sources that contain the required information. In pursuit of this goal, we explore methods for mapping user queries to category hierarchies under which deep Web resources are also assumed to be classified. Our sources for these category hierarchies, or directories, are Yahoo! Directory and Wikipedia. Forwarding an unrefined query (in our case a typical fact finding query sent to a question answering system) directly to these directory resources usually returns no directories or incorrect ones. Instead, we develop techniques to generate more specific directory finding queries from an unrefined query and use these to retrieve better directories. Despite these engineered queries, our two resources often return multiple directories that include many incorrect results, i.e., directories whose categories are not related to the query, and thus Web resources for these categories are unlikely to contain the required information. We develop methods for selecting the most useful ones. We consider a directory to be useful if Web sources for any of its narrow categories are likely to contain the searched for information. We evaluate our mapping system on a set of 250 TREC questions and obtain precision and recall in the 0.8 to 1.0 range.


Accurate micro-storage and mechanism of shale gas is important for defining and describing the adsorption characteristics, and for gas-in-place estimation. In this paper, reservoir forming process is divided into early stage and late stage, and the initial gas-water distribution in different stage is redefined. Different from the widely used solid-gas interface adsorption theory, the pore system in original shale reservoir is divided into solid-gas system and solid-liquid-gas system. Gas pores existing in organic matters belong to solid-gas system, and are classified into residual gas pores and metamorphic gas pores. Plant tissue pores in organic and mineral pores belong to solid-liquid-gas system. Their characteristics are described.


Three theoretical problems concerning the large scale structure of disk galaxies in general, and the Milky Way System, in particular, were proposed to study. They are, namely, modes of spiral density waves, evolutionary change of the abundance distribution of the gas in the Milky Way System and the motions of the cloud medium behind the large scale galactic shock.


The target of this research is Californian's papaya farmers at Padang Sago District. The purpose of this research is to know how the influence of variable production's price, the cost of production and the extend of area are toward to advantage of Californian's papaya at Padang Sago District, Padang Pariaman Regency. The total of Californian's papaya farmers are 150 people. About 60 farmer's samples were taken as the respondent by using Random Sampling ways. The test was using multiple linear regression analysis, classic assumption test and statistic test. The result of the research showed that production's price had negative influenced toward to the advantage of Californian's papaya. While the cost of production and the extend of area was giving positive influence with the credibility level as big as 90 percent. Keywords : Advantage, Price, cost, and the extend of area.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the impact of 2 mitigating social institutions, religious organizations, and the state, on Malawi women's vulnerability to HIV.

DESIGN
In-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 40 central leaders from 5 faith-based organizations in Malawi were recorded and transcribed as part of an on-going larger study. Qualitative description was used to identify themes and categories.

SETTING
Primarily urban and periurban areas of south-central Malawi.

PARTICIPANTS
A minimum of 6 leaders from each faith-based organization were interviewed; the mean age of the primarily male (68%) participants was 44 years (range 26-74).

RESULTS
Analysis of religious leaders' messages about HIV produced an overarching theme, the condom divide, which conceptualized the divergence between faith-based organizations and the state's prevention messages related to HIV prevention strategies.

CONCLUSION
Faith-based organizations have "demonized" state messages about condoms as promoting sin. The faith-based organizations' insistence on abstinence and faithfulness leaves women with few options to protect themselves. As socially conscious citizens of the world, nurses can increase the responsiveness to the disparate levels of suffering and death in countries like Malawi.


Background: Obtaining an adequate number of patients to conduct a natural history study for rare diseases such as Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is difficult. Objectives: The present study used data from Remudy, a national registry for neuromuscular diseases in Japan, to conduct a phenotypic analysis of BMD. Methods: We analyzed Remudy data of participants with dystrophinopathy. All participants who were aged 17 and older and were ambulant at age 13 were included in this study. Participants were divided into two groups: those with BMD who were ambulant at age 17, and those with intermediate muscular dystrophy (IMD) who lost ambulation by age 17. Frequent mutations were analyzed by age at ambulation, cardiopulmonary function, and genotype. For clinical comparisons, participants who were administered steroids were excluded. Results: From July 2009 through September 2015, 192 participants had registered with Remudy. Mean participant age was 34.80±13.3 (range, 17–78) years, and 52.1% of participants were ambulant. Of the entire study population, 50.5% had cardiomyopathy and 35.9% had respiratory failure. Three participants required invasive ventilation and 30 required non-invasive ventilation. Nineteen of the 30 non-invasive ventilator users were part-time users. In total, 138 (71.9%) had BMD and 54 (28.1%) had IMD. The most frequent mutation was ex45_ex47del (36 participants). Among participants with frequent in-frame mutations, those with the ex45-49del mutation lost their ambulation earlier than those with the ex45_ex47del mutation. A total of 67 different exon deletions and duplications were identified in the study population. Conclusion: We clarified the clinical phenotypes of Japanese patients with BMD/IMD using data from Remudy. Our results suggest that not only IMD but also BMD are associated with risk of respiratory dysfunction.


The maximization of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in tropical legume species is generally not efficient because these species can nodulate easily with indigenous rhizobial strains. The selection success of an efficient association depends on the genetic variability of the macro and microsymbiont. This study aimed to compare nodulation and biological nitrogen fixation parameters among different peanut genotypes. Nine genotypes were cultivated in Argisol and Planosol and shoot, root and nodule dry weight, nodule number, shoot total N content and acetylene reduction activity were evaluated. Under espontaneous nodulation, genotypes IAC Tatu-ST, IAC 886 Runner, Sapucaia Vermelha, Sapucaia Bege and CV Tatui showed a better development suggesting that there are differences in the biological nitrogen fixation characteristics among the genotypes studied which may be useful for selecting efficient associations.


Around Bursa and Uludag is a wide range of native woody plants of which are commonly used for landscape planning. The present study pointed out a total of 72 plant species, consisting of 36 trees, 32 shrubs, 7 treelets and 4 climber groups, around the region which are notified to be suitable for rural and urban planning with the intentions of solitary, group, alley, wind-break, ground cover and attractive flowering and fruit.


T here are two mutually exclusive hypotheses inherent to Putnam's doctrine of meaning. On the one hand Putnam privileges a form of scientific realism in determining the correct application of our use of natural-kind terms. On the other hand Putnam offers a Wittgensteinian externalist hypothesis, claiming that "[o]ur talk of apples and fields is intimately connected with our non-verbal transactions with apples and fields."1 The first hypothesis I will dub Putnam's 'Semantic Scientism' hypothesis; the second as his externalism hypothesis. It is my intention in this paper to illustrate the tension between these two hypotheses, and ultimately, to assert that without the externalism hypothesis Putnam's semantic theory is grossly incomplete. With the externalism hypothesis, Putnam cannot hold to what I have called his 'Semantic Scientism'. Though I have given a novel name to Putnam's first thesis (the 'Semantic Scientism' hypothesis), I am far from the first to discuss the thesis. A similar thesis was attributed to Putnam by Gregory McCulloch in his book The Mind and Its World. McCulloch calls this thesis the doctrine that the 'understanding tracks real-essence'. Although I disagree with the explanation McCulloch gives for this phenomenon, I do believe that Putnam


A wireless sensor network is made up of a large number of small sensor nodes with limited energy resources, which is a real problem for this network. In this article, we will study the ingestion of node energy in these networks at the routing level. In addition, we are modifying one of the most popular routing algorithms for data communication in the WSN: LEACH (Adaptive Hierarchy with Low Power Consumption). The modified version of the LEACH base version "MG_LEACH" uses an intermediate cluster header to transmit data, extend the network lifetime and send more data than the original protocol. Our proposed algorithm is simulated using MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of improving the lifetime of this network. The results of the simulation confirmed that the system was working better than the LEACH basic system and that the network life had been improved.


A few years ago, I went to hear Susan Sontag read from her work. Back then, I amassed autographed books and hoped for authors' insights. Desiring their status, I hoped contact with published authors, like scraps from a saint's hem, would fill me with inspiration. Writers must pass through this portal of illusion before they accomplish anything readable. This stage precedes the neophyte's eventual commitment to long hours, shades drawn to neighbors. Sontag read for an hour. Nothing moved me to scribble insights. I was daydreaming like a beach-goer, observing the crowd shifting in their collapsible chairs, until she started talking about baths - as part of her writing process. Sontag was a bath-taker! "Ideas come to me in the tub," she confessed. Her creative impulses were induced by warm bath water. Finding them as difficult as soap to hold, she'd devised a strategy. "I'd force myself to write them down so I wouldn't lose them." Her revelation shocked me with its intimacy and familiarity. In my imagination, Sontag transmutated from the author onstage to the image of someone swatting bubbles to get at her pad. I can't help my free associations. I envisioned her antiquely ruminating, a full figure in a porcelain bath. She was clinging to an era when tubs stood on their feet. I recalled a photograph of a woman in a champagne bath during Prohibition. A throng of men pressed in to dip their glasses. Anne Boleyn, too, I remembered, carried on in a similar fashion. She'd irritated Henry VIII by inviting men to fill their goblets from her bath. Sontag had stumbled onto a brilliant connection, however. Water and inspiration, the ancient rite of ablution to achieve a spiritual connection, was well documented among the major religions. As a boy, I'd been sprinkled with enough holy water to understand the significance. Her routine made sense. Writing could be regarded as the outcome of a spiritual breakthrough - the writer shedding the commonplace, musing in a makeshift womb. It reminded me of a variation on the Jewish mikvah, the "purification" bath. But her public confession required courage, candor. How could anyone reveal this to a crowd of hundreds? Despite what shampoo advertising suggests, baths are personally sacred territory. The act is synonymous with locking doors. As far as I was concerned, no one was entitled to such personal data. I pictured the unwritten sign on my bathroom door: Let no therapist or in-law tear asunder the acts herein accomplished. This was a sore topic between my wife and me. I'm a bather, too. Secretly. I haven't figured out why, but I'm ashamed to admit that I like taking baths. It's illegitimate hygiene. Unless you're female, in bubbles and oil, scrubbing away at peanut butter and jelly or workplace innuendo. Twirling up your hair like Turkish towels. But men? Men shower. Diligently, with business-like efficiency, gregariously: in for as long as the job takes. In an age of microchips and faxes, we've no right to brood over steam. I bathe on weekend afternoons. I submerge myself for an hour, singing and gurgling like a blue whale. Once a writer friend phoned while I was under. My wife came into the bathroom to say, "Katrina called...and I told her you'd call back when you got out of the tub." "You told her I'm in the tub?" I bullied. "Why didn't you say I was in the shower?" I slipped toward a towel, all tail and flippers, as though Katrina were coming right over to witness this. …


Abstract The relationship between gonadal development (histological evidence for spermiogenesis and/or spermatogenesis), sexual behavior (nest-building) and mRNA levels of gonadotropins (βFSH and βLH) and growth hormone (GH) in the male pituitary was investigated. Amplification of βFSH cDNA showed a significantly higher mRNA level in mature males (whether sexually active or not) than in juveniles. However, following PCR amplification of βLH cDNA, a significantly higher mRNA level was found in the sexually active group compared to the sexually inactive group. These results suggest that FSH may participate in spermatogenesis, whereas LH is more involved in spermiogenesis. The GH mRNA level increased slightly during the maturation process but no significant differences were found between the groups studied.


Routine performance of basic test procedures and dose measurements are essential for assuring high quality of mammograms. International guidelines recommend that breast care providers ascertain that mammography systems produce a constant high quality image, using as low a radiation dose as is reasonably achievable. The main purpose of this research is to develop a framework to monitor radiation dose and image quality in a mixed breast screening and diagnostic imaging environment using an automated tracking system. This study presents a module of this framework, consisting of a computerized system to measure the image quality of the American College of Radiology mammography accreditation phantom. The methods developed combine correlation approaches, matched filters, and data mining techniques. These methods have been used to analyze radiological images of the accreditation phantom. The classification of structures of interest is based upon reports produced by four trained readers. As previously reported, human observers demonstrate great variation in their analysis due to the subjectivity of human visual inspection. The software tool was trained with three sets of 60 phantom images in order to generate decision trees using the software WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis). When tested with 240 images during the classification step, the tool correctly classified 88%, 99%, and 98%, of fibers, speck groups and masses, respectively. The variation between the computer classification and human reading was comparable to the variation between human readers. This computerized system not only automates the quality control procedure in mammography, but also decreases the subjectivity in the expert evaluation of the phantom images.


Under the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic the classic functionality of internal audit is subject to review. It is necessary to change the usual activity trajectory, meet the dialogue with the company's business administration on the issues of business running. The advisory function which allows to conduct an independent assessment as well as to insure the implementation of anti-crisis measures planned by the company's business administration steps forward. The article analyses the interest of scholars in the research topic using Google Trends research tools and Google Ngram Viewer. The concept of internal audit in the system of corporate control is considered. The objectives of internal audit and their relationship for corporate control have been identified. The principles of optimal organization of the internal audit service of the enterprise are described. The necessity of an internal audit service existence as an effective tool of corporate control has been proved. The role of internal audit during the COVID-19 pandemic has been identified and the measures taken by internal auditors to respond to the challenges posed to the business by COVID-19 have been explored. Audit processes during the COVID-19 pandemic are described. The need to make changes to the plan in case of non-compliance of the plan with the most significant risks is stated. The trends of expected risks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have been identified. The steps for risk identification and assessment are presented, in particular: risk identification; risks assessment and its analysis and risk response. The directions of internal audit activity during the COVID-19 pandemic are indicated. The recommendations of international experts on internal audit are analysed, the priority of internal audit areas is presented. The priority of the consulting function of internal audit is emphasised. The participation of the internal audit service in anti-crisis measures to overcome the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic is proposed.


We present an automatic video object tracking algorithm capable of dealing with multiple simultaneous objects. The tracking is based on interactions between high-level and low-level image analysis results. The high-level result is a partition defining video objects, and the low-level result is a partition formed by homogeneous regions. For each region, a set of characteristic descriptors is produced. These region descriptors, and not regions themselves, are used to track the regions (and thus the objects) along time. Track management issues such as appearance and disappearance of objects, splitting and partial occlusions are resolved through interactions between regions and objects. Defining the tracking based on the parts of objects, identified by region segmentation, has led to a flexible technique that exploits the nature of the video object tracking problem. Experimental results show that the proposed method is able to track multiple rigid and deformable objects in indoor and outdoor scenes.


In this paper, an automatic RGBD object segmentation method is described. The method integrates depth feature with the cues from RGB images and then uses maximal similarity based region merging (MSRM) method to obtain the segmentation results. Firstly, the depth information is fused to the simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) method so as to produce superpixels whose boundaries are well adhered to the edges of the natural image. Meanwhile, the depth prior is also incorporated into the saliency estimation, which helps a more accurate localization of representative object and background seeds. By introducing the depth cue into the region merging rule, the maximal geometry weighted similarity (MGWS) is considered, and the resulting segmentation framework has the ability to handle the complex image with similar colour appearance between object and background. Extensive experiments on public RGBD image datasets show that our proposed approach can reliably and automatically provide very promising segmentation results.


An apparatus for dimensional inspection of an object. The apparatus is adapted to produce a slender beam of measuring radiation for irradiating an object under ex amination. Reflected light image receiving means are provided including a receiving lens for collecting radia tion reflected from an object surface spot irradiated by the measuring beam, and a linear photo-sensitive detec tor. The receiving lens is dimensioned and disposed relative to the measuring beam and the linear detector as to exclusively project those object surface spots irra diated by a longitudinal section defining a measuring range, of the measuring beam, as focussed dots on the linear photo-sensitive detector area. For improving the resolution of the focussed dots produced on the detec tor, a beam forming lens is provided for causing the cross-sectional area of the measuring beam to gradually increase over the measuring range. The apparatus is further adapted to image one and same object surface spot irradiated by the measuring means as two separate dots on the detector wherein these dots are uniquely related to each other only, in case a true reflection has been received. Thereby a discrimination can be made between true and false reflections from the object under examination.


Internet of Things is said to be the 3rd wave in information technology after computer and internet. This enables industries around the world to acquire real-time data via sensors wirelessly which opens up a lot of possibilities and solves various challenges faced by them which include remote monitoring, data-based decisions, real-time analytics, etc. IoT generally involves nodes with sensors acquiring data and sending it to remote station where further analysis is done using wireless network. However, at times, due to some error in the network or network congestion, data sent from the sensing node do not reach the destination as a result of which data get lost. It mainly happens while sending to cloud infrastructure using internet service provider networks like GPRS, WCDMA, etc. Hence, a method is proposed in this paper which involves data compression, storage and guaranteeing no data loss during network outage or congestions. Apart from that a new data format is proposed especially for edge IoT with event time generation which helps in data compression.


This article is about a rights-based approach to development. First, we will look at some of the relevant international law. Then, we will look at the interpretation of that law by the international community. Does the international community recognize a right to development, and what rights and duties flow from it? In answering that last question, we will focus on international duties, rather than duties owed by the state to its own citizens. We will look at the duty of the international community and its members to promote and protect the right to development, and not to violate that right. We will then zoom in on one particular member of the international community, the Netherlands, and see how that state has implemented a rights-based approach to international development cooperation, and what practical consequences such an approach entails. Finally, we will return to the foundation of human rights, and see how the right to development, which is often called a 'third-generation' right, respects the legacy of its 'ancestors.' Much of the criticism on the right to development is based on the idea that this right to development has stretched the concept of human rights to breaking point; it is thus important to assess that argument. After having looked briefly into the past, we will end by looking into the future, and then conclude.


The paper analyzes the composition of communication teaching system and its key technology,and designs the teaching experiment system for communication principle based on network.Then,the whole systemic design idea,the function implementation and practical design of each part are studied.In conclusion,the system is applied to the long-term teaching process,and the effect is quite obvious.


Cheilostome Bryozoans from Tunis Gulf: Cheilostome Bryozoans of the Gulf of Tunis were undertaken from superficial sediment sampled by dredging aboard the R/V HANNIBAL. Fifty five species were recorded from Tunis Gulf, among them ten were new additions to the Tunisian recent inventory ( Electra verticillata , Beania hirtissima , Porella concinna , Hemicylopora collarina , Escharina dutertrei , Celleporina caminata , Palmicellaria elegans , Turbicellepora coronopusoidea , Reteporella aporosa and Reteporella sudbournensis ). Most species were described especially using scanni ng electron microscopy (SEM) illustrations. The identification key of genus was given. Currently, c heilostome bryozoans count 183 species against 174 in the last catalogue of d'Hondt and Mascarell (2004).


Compared to the legacy GOES Imager, the GOES-16 Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) provides measurements at much higher resolution in both spatial and temporal dimensions, which benefits many applications such as rainfall rate estimation. However, it is challenging to quantify the water droplets in the cloud and precipitation intensity with only the Infrared (IR) radiation and converted brightness temperature information. Comparison between ground radar rainfall estimates and the operational GOES-16 rain rate products indicates that uncertainty associated with GOES-16 rain rate estimates is significant. This paper proposes an innovative deep learning system for precipitation estimation using measurements from GOES-16/ ABI. Cloud-top brightness temperature information observed by channels 8/10/11/14/15 of the ABI are used as input to this deep learning framework. The rainfall estimates from a ground radar network are used as target labels in the training phase. Independent verification shows that the deep learning-based rainfall system can estimate precipitation time, intensity, and amount very well, especially in heavy rain regions.


In the present study, the novel approach for the extraction of Cd(II) from acidic iodide solutions was achieved by using PVC based polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) technique containing triisooctyl amine (TIOA) as a carrier. PIMs were prepared according to the literature (1) and characterized by in aspects of thickness and surface morphology and molecular characterization. PIM composition was varied to find optimum membrane formation on Cd(II) transport. The effective parameters like thickness, plasticizer type and rate and carrier rate were investigated. Also, as a useful parameter, the concentration in the feed phase was examined to assess the effect on optimized membrane compositions. It was found that the concentration was the most useful parameter in the aqueous phase of Cd(II) transport because the remained I- in the aqueous feed phase unreacted with Cd(II). We recognize that by the time free I- concentration in the feed, the accumulation of the membrane increases and loading capacity of the membrane with CdI42- decreases because of the limited amount of carrier molecules in the PIM. As a result, it is concluded that extraction and separation of Cd(II) from simulated Ni/Cd leach solutions was carried out with higher initial mass transfer and permeation coefficients as 9,07×10-7 mol/m2s and 1,02×10-5 m/s at the optimum conditions respectively.In the present study, the novel approach for the extraction of Cd(II) from acidic iodide solutions was achieved by using PVC based polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) technique containing triisooctyl amine (TIOA) as a carrier. PIMs were prepared according to the literature (1) and characterized by in aspects of thickness and surface morphology and molecular characterization. PIM composition was varied to find optimum membrane formation on Cd(II) transport. The effective parameters like thickness, plasticizer type and rate and carrier rate were investigated. Also, as a useful parameter, the concentration in the feed phase was examined to assess the effect on optimized membrane compositions. It was found that the concentration was the most useful parameter in the aqueous phase of Cd(II) transport because the remained I- in the aqueous feed phase unreacted with Cd(II). We recognize that by the time free I- concentration in the feed, the accumulation of the membrane increases and loading capacity of the membrane...


In this study, we are focused on Garcinia celebica as anti-HCV activity against JFH1 strain genotype 2a. The extraction process employed the use of maceration method. Starting from n-hexane solvent and another residue. The extracts were then analysed with various doses of 20, 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 μg/mL for anti-HCV against JFH1 strain genotype 2a and anticancer against Huh7it-1 cell line. The extracts exhibited anti-HCV on 1.25 μg/mL and no sign of toxicity to Huh7it-1 cells. The extracts also expressed anticancer activity on 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 μg/mL with a high level of toxicity to Huh7it-1 cells. The results from this study suggest that Garcinia celebica may be necessary as an add-on therapy candidate for treating HCV infections and HCC.


Supervisory Committee Dr. Robert Dalton, (Curriculum and Instruction) Supervisor Dr. Wanda Hurren, (Curriculum and Instruction, Education) Departmental Member Dr. Cindy Anne Rose-Redwood, (Geography) Outside Member Many Roma children from the EU coming to Canada as refugees have been denied a consistent education and many suffer gaps in their learning or have not had the opportunity to receive any education at all. These circumstances are mainly due to discriminating and oppressive behaviours that have historically prevailed and exist in contemporary society. In considering the difficulty that Roma children have with education, when they arrive as refugees into Canadian schools, it is imperative that Roma children be given an opportunity to access and complete an education in an environment that is supportive, free of discrimination and sensitive to their needs as learners. My research examines the role of visual art as part of an arts-based education program as a means through which Roma children are more likely to experience success with school by participating in an educational model that is engaging and supportive of their cultural ways of knowing. This paper is a case study, grounded in critical theory, into "best practices" in education that engage marginalized Roma children with learning. The study is framed around three research questions: What is distinctly problematic for Roma children in traditional school settings? How can the arts, and art education in particular engage


Bleeding from a duodenal ulcer almost always arises from either the superior or the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery as they enter the scarred, noncontractile base of the ulcer. When an emergency operation is undertaken for continuing bleeding, the hemorrhage into the bowel may be so severe as even to be fatal while the operation is in progress, before the ulcerated portion of the bowel can be dissected free from the open, bleeding vessel, or even before the bleeding vessel can be transfixed. A method is presented which has proved of great value in controlling the hemorrhage immediately after the laparotomy incision has been made. This method consists in applying a rubber- or linen-shod clamp across the duodenum just distal to the area of ulceration and another similar clamp across the stomach just proximal to the pylorus. Any further hemorrhage which may arise from the bleeding vessel is then confined to this


—A new reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna allowing switching between two circular polarizations is proposed. It consists of a square radiating patch and a 3 dB hybrid coupler. Using only a single-polar-double-throw (SPDT) switch, the polarization switching can be achieved. This design of the dc-bias network is extremely simple. From experimental results, the proposed antenna avoids the frequency offset phenomena which often happened to antennas with switchable polarization.


A comprehensive description of how to record nuclear spin noise spectra on state-of-the-art commercial NMR spectrometers is given here, followed by a discussion of the current understanding of the physical underpinnings in a simplified manner. Several recent experimental manifestations and applications of the spin noise phenomenon such as spin noise imaging, noise-based probe tuning, and examples from liquid- and solid-state NMR spectroscopy as well as nuclear spin-based magnetic resonance force microscopy are also summarized here.

Keywords:

spin noise;
radiation damping;
absorbed circuit noise;
probe circuit;
cryoprobe


Studying film from the perspective of genre theory requires analysis of cinematic techniques and contextual culture (filmic and social). Christine Gledhill claims that genre provides 'a framework of structuring rules [...] which act as a form of 'supervision' over the work of film-makers and the work of reading by an audience'. 1 This definition indicates that each genre adheres to a fixed hierarchal form. Alternatively, Anthony Easthope argues that genre should be understood as an abstract, theoretical structure, which is transformed by each new production so 'any instance of a genre will be necessarily different'. 2 Easthope implies that the 'structuring rules' are not fixed but allow filmmakers ideological concerns and social and cultural environments to influence their individual films and aid in developing the genre framework itself. My essay shall adhere to this latter argument. In agreement with Easthope, Mary Bandy and Kevin Stoehr have argued that, postWorld War Two, the Western experienced a 'gradual transformation of genre' 3 towards more 'psychologically expressive Westerns' 4 which was due to the public's desire for darker subject matter. Alan Lovell specifies that these new Westerns did not alter the genre but simply imposed 'a new sensibility on the old forms', 5 retaining the classic wild west scenery of the 19 th Century American frontier. Andre Bazin has called these new Westerns 'superwesterns' 6 and Lovell refers to them as 'adult westerns'. 7 However, for the purposes of this essay, I shall be adopting Bandy's term 'psychological western' because of its explicit allusions to the increased interest in exploring characters' inner struggles. I shall be analysing three Westerns, Broken Lance (1954), Yellow Sky (1948) and Jubal (1956), 8 each produced in this Post-War period, in order to examine this theory of generic development from classic to psychological western. The classic western dealt with mythological stories of morality, heroism and the establishment of American civilisation. 9


Previous expansions beyond nature's preferred base-pairing interactions have utilized non-polar "shape-fitting" interactions or classical hydrogen bonding. Here we report a hybrid of these systems. By replacing a single N-H with C-H in a Watson-Crick interface, the design space for new drug candidates and fluorescent nucleobase analogs is dramatically expanded, as demonstrated here by the new, highly fluorescent deoxycytidine mimic 3-gylcosyl-5-fluoro-7-methoxy-coumarin-2'-deoxyribose "d C C ". dGTP is selectively incorporated across from a template d C C during enzymatic DNA synthesis. Likewise, d C C is selectively incorporated across from a template guanine when d C C is provided as the triphosphate "d C C TP ". DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment) exhibited an ~10-fold higher affinity for d C C TP than dCTP, allowing for the selective incorporation of d C C in direct competition experiments. These results demonstrate that a single C-H can replace N-H in a Watson-Crick type interface with preservation of functional selectivity and enhanced activity.


Dear Editor,

We are thankful to the authors of letter to the editor entitled "improving the outcome of prosthetic rehabilitation following orbital exenteration" for having read our article and expressed their opinion.[1,2]

Authors have recommended the use of heat temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicones due to its superior mechanical, esthetic and handling properties. Reference quoted by authors (Belgam et al.) nowhere states HTV silicones to be esthetic. On the contrary, literature mentions HTV silicones to have low edge strength, opaque with lifeless appearance and not adequately elastic in function.[3] Therefore, for facial prosthesis, where esthetics is a major concern, room temperature vulcanization (RTV) silicones are preferred. HTV silicones are preferred for limb prosthesis etc., because of better mechanical properties. Mahajan and Gupta have also mentioned that HTV silicones are designed for engineering applications because of higher tear resistance and they require more intense mechanical milling of solid HTV stock elastomers when compared with soft RTV silicones.[4] Fabrication of prosthesis in HTV silicones is difficult as the material requires special milling machines which are expensive and not commonly available.[5]

Moreover, the references quoted for the above statement should be Bell et al.,[6] Lewis and Castleberry[7] and Lontz[8] instead of Begum et al.

Second point raised by the authors is the allergic reactions because of adhesives or industrial grade silicones. Allergic reaction due to adhesives is an issue and has been already mentioned by us in our article. We have used best quality medical grade silicones (Factor II Inc., USA) for fabrication of our prostheses, not industrial grade silicones. Adhesives prescribed were also of the best quality (Dow Corning/Technovent medical adhesive) and none of our patients have reported with any allergic reaction so far.

Corrosion of magnets has already been mentioned as a disadvantage in the manuscript. Attachments used in our patients may be harmful if they come into direct contact with the skin. However, the contact was only between two prostheses in our patients. Moreover, the pin and socket used were made of brass which is less prone to rust.

"Photodynamic iris" uses a liquid crystal display in the prosthesis to vary the pupil size as a function of the ambient light. But, there are no clinical trials so far using this concept.[9] Use of tinted glasses, negative sphere lenses can be used but these methods mandate the use of spectacles for the patients even if the natural eye has normal power and also add to the cost. We had used these particular methods specifically because these patients had financial constraints. Prosthesis with built-in blinking mechanism are not currently available in our country. We are sorry to bring it to the notice of the editor that again the references mentioned are wrong.

Osseointegrated implants undoubtedly provide better retention as compared to other mechanical methods. But, there are certain limitations already been discussed in our article.

We accept evisceration and enucleation, usually followed by placement of ocular implants, are treatment of choice in painful or disfiguring blind eye instead of exenteration.


The invention relates to a method for preparing epichlorohydrin through chloropropene epoxidation, and mainly solves the problems of difficult reaction temperature control and low conversion rate and selectivity in epichlorohydrin production through direct epoxidation of chloropropene. The method comprises the steps of: taking chloropropene, hydrogen peroxide and a solvent for an epoxidation reaction in the reaction section of a catalytic distillation tower under effective reaction conditions, and simultaneously conducting component separation, refluxing the tower top steam after condensation, subjecting the first part of a tower bottom material to vaporization in a reboiler and then returning the first part to the catalytic distillation tower, and taking the second part of the tower bottom material as a produced liquid, with the first part and the second part in a mass ratio of 1-15:1. The technical method provided in the invention well solves the above problem,, and can be used in the industrial production of epichlorohydrin.


This paper presents a comparative analysis of binomial and exponential crossover in differential evolution. Some theoretical results concerning the probabilities of mutating an arbitrary component and that of mutating a given number of components are obtained for both crossover variants. The differences between binomial and exponential crossover are identified and the impact of these results on the choice of control parameters and on the adaptive variants is analyzed.


Joanna Guilar and Kate Start reveal how 'appreciative inquiry' can involve health professionals and patients in identifying ways to improve diabetes care and meet the objectives of the WHO and national guidelines.


The optical component auto-test system is designed by using GPIB interface and VC.The performance parameters of the optical component are tested rapidly and the datasheets are given out.This system can be used in the workshop to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of the production.With good expansibility,the performance parameters of many optical components can be tested by using the system.


Investigations of dissolution and precipitation processes in iron-eopper alloys are described. Electrical resistance and thermoelectric power were measured. The results are discussed. They show that after quenching from solid solution, iron is present in a precipitate form. Particles are dissolved at aging. (auth)


Let R be  commutative Ring , and let T be  unitary left .In this paper ,WAPP-quasi prime submodules are introduced as  new generalization of Weakly quasi prime submodules , where  proper submodule C of an R-module T is called WAPP –quasi prime submodule of T, if whenever 0≠rstϵC, for r, s ϵR , t ϵT, implies that either  r tϵ C +soc   or  s tϵC +soc  .Many examples of characterizations and basic properties are given . Furthermore several characterizations of WAPP-quasi prime submodules in the class of multiplication modules are established.


Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) offer great promise as cell therapy for ischaemic diseases. Due to their poor survival in the ischaemic environment, the therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs is still relatively low. Interleukin‐11 (IL‐11) has been shown to play a key role in promoting cell proliferation and protecting cells from oxidative stress injury. The aim of this study was to determine whether IL‐11 could improve therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs in ischaemic diseases.


Organ transplant recipients are known to have a higher incidence of neoplasms compared to cancer in the general population, although tumors occurring in allograft organs are relatively rare (1). Prolonged and intensive immunosuppression, chronicantigenicstimulation,andtheoncogenic effect of viruses are frequent mechanisms leading to malignant tumors (2). Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a consequence of either undetected presence in thedonororganordenovoposttransplantation development. Surgical management presents an oncological dilemma, as curative treatment usually requires allograft nephrectomy and permanent dialysis. However, nephron-sparing renal allograft surgery has been recently proposed as an alternative approach enabling complete tumor removal and graft function preservation (3–5). We report the first known case of partial nephrectomy on renal allograft tumor using an inline radiofrequency (ILRFC) device. A 38-year-old patient who had previously undergone two kidney transplantations (1980 and 1993) was referred to our urology department. On abdominal computed tomography scan, an 18-mm lower pole solid mass lesion of the graft was observed with no distant metastasis. Ultrasonography-guided biopsies confirmed clear cell carcinoma, Fuhrman's low grade. Due to tumor size, localization, histological data, context of second transplantation, and immunosuppression, a partial nephrectomy was performed. Perioperative ultrasonography control of the in-depth tumoral infiltration was required. Kidney resection was performed using the ILRFC coagulation device because simple enucleation was not recommended (Fig. 1). This procedure was used only as a hemostatic aid. Based on hepatic surgery data and an experimental animal study reported by Haghighi et al., localization and positioning of electrodes in the ILRFC probes were deeply inserted through the kidney parenchyma along the intended resection line (6–8). Pelvocaliceal injury with urine leak may sometimes occur during partial nephrectomy using radiofrequency (9). In order to prevent such complication, the authors suggest ultrasonography control and surgical palpation prior to ILRFC electrode parenchyma insertion. Sequential three-minute coagulation cycles were delivered to coagulate the full length of the resection plane (approximately 3 cm wide 3 cm long 3 cm deep). The malignant nature of the lesion and tumoral negative margins were confirmed by perioperative histological examination. No transfusions were necessary and postoperative renal function remained uneventful. Follow-up computed tomography scan at three and six months showed normal renal allograft healing with no tumor recurrence. In conclusion, the authors would like to underline the following points regarding ILRFC procedure:


In this paper, the differential equations of beam elements are derived out with finite element method treating displacement function as triple B Spline function. An example of an elastic fourbar link mechanism is presented and the elastic dynamic analysis is practised, the analytical results are in good agreement with experimental results.


The truth about what happened under repressive rule is not easy to come by. This impressive anthology proposes cogently and very persuasively innovative and often unexpected ways for tracking down this elusive quarry and in the process advocates a better deal for those who have for so long been rendered impotent and voiceless. A most worthwhile undertaking. Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Archbishop Desmond Tutu


In contrast to interscalene block, there was little information regarding the analgesic efficacy of supraclavicular block for shoulder surgery. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy and side effects of interscalene and supraclavicular blocks for shoulder surgery.


Reptiles are now seen frequently in general practice, and knowledge of correct nutrition and husbandry for these animals is essential. The second of this nutrition series describes the basic nutritional requirements for the lizards and snakes seen most commonly in practice.


The purpose of this study is to be able to determine the effect of tourist perceptions and Branding on purchasing decisions in the Chinatown tourist destination in Bandung. The independent variables in this study are perception and branding, while the dependent variable of this study is the purchase decision. The research method used in this research is quantitative with descriptive and verification categories. The population of this study was 38,000 visitors with a sample of 270 respondents. The sampling technique used is nonprobability sampling with a purposive method. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with assistive devicesSPSS 25.0 for Windows computer software. The results showed that perception and branding had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions in Bandung's Chinatown tourist destination, both partially and simultaneously.


Despite a nationwide shortage of generic injectable testosterone products, brand-name products are readily available, although the costs are much higher. Cream and gel formulations are also available, and the costs vary, although these formulations tend to cost less than the injectable formulation. Currently, the cream and the gel are available only from compounding pharmacies, which are willing to mix the drug per a physician's instructions rather than dispensing the medication in its prepared form.


The name Colin Pitchfork might not be as recognizable as Charles Manson or Jeffrey Dahmer. But for those in the forensic science community, it's a name that holds weight. Pitchfork was the first murderer to be caught using DNA analysis. When 15-year-old Dawn Ashworth was raped and murdered in Leicestershire, England, in late July 1986, Alec Jeffreys was a genetics professor at the nearby University of Leicester. A few years earlier, he had discovered that patterns in some regions of a person's DNA could be used to distinguish one individual from another. So far, Jeffreys had put his DNA pattern recognition technique to work in paternity and immigration cases, but now the police wanted him to help solve Ashworth's murder as well as a similar one that happened in 1983. The police already had a suspect, Richard Buckland, who had even confessed to Ashworth's murder. When Jeffreys analyzed DNA samples


Sixteen batches of Prato cheese, run in duplicate, were processed with grade C, 3.2% fat, pasteurized milk. One run was processed in the traditional way and in the second run the milk was previously enriched with concentrated whey proteins (CWP) recorvered by ultrafiltration from run one. The mean total mesophilic counrs increased about ten fold during concentration of Prato cheese whey and the mean counts were 9.2% x 10**3, 6.4 x 10**1 and


A sample of 1261 Chinese adolescents from the tenth and twelfth grades were employed to complete two self-report questionnaires,including a Chinese modified version of Personal Planning Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D).The indicators of adolescents' personal planning were exploration and commitment related to three life domains,i.e.future education,occupation,and marriage /family.This study explored the associations between senior high school students'personal planning and their depression,and the moderating effect of gender on the associations.The main findings were as follows:(1) In the domain of education,the level of the senior high school students'personal planning(exploration and commitment) negatively predicted the level of depression;In marriage /family domain,the level of exploration positively predicted the level of depression,and the level of commitment negatively predicted depression.However,the level of the senior high school students'personal planning concerning future occupation was not associated with depression.(2) Gender moderated the relation between the exploration related to future marriage /family and depression.Further analysis indicated that for female students,the higher level of exploration concerning future marriage /family they perceived,the higher level of depression they reported,while no association was observed among males.


We introduce the new paradigm of Change Mining as data mining over a volatile, evolving world with the objective of understanding change. While there is much work on incremental mining and stream mining, both focussing on the adaptation of patterns to a changing data distribution, Change Mining concentrates on understanding the changes themselves. This includes detecting when change occurs in the population under observation, describing the change, predicting change and pro-acting towards it. We identify the main tasks of Change Mining and discuss to what extent they are already present in related research areas. We elaborate on research results that can contribute to these tasks, giving a brief overview of the current state of the art and identifying open areas and challenges for the new research area.


This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of ease of use on purchasing decisions through online shopping sites (2) trust in purchasing decisions through online shopping sites (3) the effect of ease of use and trust on purchasing decisions through online shopping sites in the people of Tangerang City. The samples taken were 100 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression. The results of this study indicate that: (1) there is a positive influence of ease of use on purchasing decisions through online shopping sites, as evidenced by the t valuecount of 9,170 a significance value of 0.000 <0.05; and a regression coefficient of 0.687, (2) there is a positive influence of trust on purchasing decisions through online shopping sites, as evidenced by the t valuecount of 3,539 a significance value of 0.001 <0.05; and a regression coefficient of 0.267, (3) there is a positive influence of ease of use and trust on purchasing decisions through online shopping sites, as evidenced by the f valuecount of 131,000 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05


We investigate the desorption of Na atoms from large Na clusters deposited on dielectric surfaces. High-resolution translational energy distributions of the desorbing atoms are determined by three independent methods, two-photon laser-induced fluorescence, as well as single-photon and resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization techniques. Upon variation of surface temperature and for different substrates (mica vs lithium fluoride) clear non-Maxwellian time-of-flight distributions are observed with a cos2 θ angular dependence and most probable kinetic energies below that expected of atoms desorbing from a surface at thermal equilibrium. The half-width of the time-of-flight distribution decreases with increasing surface temperature. A quantitative description of the energy and angular distributions is presented in terms of a model which assumes that following the initial surface plasmon excitation neutral atoms are scattered by surface vibrations. Recent experiments providing time constants for the decay of t...


There is a discrepancy in knowledge and comprehension about oral health between dental professionals and students. Therefore, for dental professionals to give health education, it is essential that they fully understand students' oral health literacy level. The purpose of this research was to determine the usefulness of a mouth drawing as a visual oral health literacy instrument by comparing changes in health literacy before and after oral health education. Mouth drawing by students, as the visual oral health literacy instrument, was conducted before (first drawing) and after (second drawing) oral health education in 2010 to 162 Japanese senior high school students. Tooth and gingiva scores were calculated based on the criteria and changes in the scores before and after oral health education were analyzed. Tooth scores were significantly higher than gingiva scores in both male and female students. Comparison of scores before and after health education showed that both tooth and gingiva scores significantly increased after health education. A student's self-evaluation comparing his/her own first and second drawings showed that 72.8% of all students answered the 'second drawing' was better, and 27.2% answered the 'first drawing' or 'the same'. A visual oral health literacy instrument makes possible evaluation of students' oral health literacy both visually and quantitatively. A proper health education program, based on the subjects' oral health literacy level, should effectively improve oral health behavior and oral health status.


Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a kind of anxiety disorders developed from severe traumatic events.The key of treatment for this disorder is to extinguish conditioned fear memory.However,acquired fear memory is hard to be extinguished and extinguished fear memory is liable to recover in certain situations.Therefore,it is of great importance for PTSD theory and clinical practice to highlight the ways that persistently extinguish fear memory.In this review,we discuss two emotional regulation techniques that have been investigated as means to control fear:extinction and reconsolidation.Clinical PTSD treatment may be benefit from these pre-clinical methods which effectively extinguish fear memory.


Description Renowned conservationist and advocate for African scientists Richard Leakey, renowned paleoanthropologist, wildlife conservationist, and pro-democracy activist, died on 2 January. He was 77. Forthright and courageous, Richard nurtured the emergence of a new generation of scientists in postcolonial Africa. He faced frequent threats to his life with a fierce determination that at times bordered on recklessness. His achievements defied his treatment as an outsider by mainstream academics.


We obtain a Runge approximation theorem for holomorphic Legendrian curves and immersions in the complex projective $3$-space $\mathbb{CP}^3$, both from open and compact Riemann surfaces, and we prove that the space of Legendrian immersions from an open Riemann surface into $\mathbb{CP}^3$ is path connected. We also show that holomorphic Legendrian immersions from Riemann surfaces of finite genus and at most countably many ends, none of which are point ends, satisfy the Calabi-Yau property. Coupled with the Runge approximation theorem, we infer that every open Riemann surface embeds into $\mathbb{CP}^3$ as a complete holomorphic Legendrian curve. Under the twistor projection $\pi:\mathbb{CP}^3\to \mathbb S^4$ onto the $4$-sphere, immersed holomorphic Legendrian curves $M\to \mathbb{CP}^3$ are in bijective correspondence with superminimal immersions $M\to\mathbb S^4$ of positive spin according to a result of Bryant. This gives as corollaries the corresponding results on superminimal surfaces in $\mathbb S^4$. In particular, superminimal immersions into $\mathbb S^4$ satisfy the Runge approximation theorem and the Calabi-Yau property.


PURPOSE: A turbo compressor having a variable diffuser is provided to comprise two pivots in both sides of a vane, thereby improving an angle regulating resolution and bearing strong torque. CONSTITUTION: A turbo compressor comprises a variable diffuser(110) being formed in the outer circumference of an impeller(100) and a plurality of vanes(120). Two pivots(121,122) are formed in both sides of vane and one pivot is a fixed pivot arranged in a front end part of the vane and the other pivot is a movable pivot arranged in a rear end of the vane. The variable diffuser comprises a driving motor, a worm gear, and a spur gear. The worm gear primarily decelerates a rotation speed of the driving motor. The spur gear is connected to the worm gear and changes a position of the movable pivot after secondarily decelerating the rotation speed primarily decelerated, thereby changing an angle of the vane.


The article describes the place of theology both inside and outside of modern academic knowledge. A modernized three-dimensional scheme (classification) of scientific classifications of science. This model assumes the simultaneous distribution of sciences by the studied objects and ranking of the raised questions by the level of fundamental nature. The top position in this scheme is taken by theology, which is represented both as an independent subject area within the system of sciences and humanities, and as a system of values and meanings outside it. The subject area of theology (taking into account the specifics of various religious traditions) is revealed by the author through a variety of disciplines and various methodologies, both theological and related methods of other sciences. The author presumes that a researcher working on rapidly developing fundamental or applied sciences requires value-outlook support from theology, regardless of whether he considers himself belonging to a religious tradition. The dogmatic systems of Christianity, Islam, and Judaism that go beyond the limits of science include basic ideas about the Divine origin of the world, creation, man, absolute values; they provide the scientist with a harmonious perception of the world while maintaining the principles of science and objectivity in his research work.


This work focuses on the design and analysis of wind flow modifier (WFM) modeling of a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) for low wind profile urban areas. A simulation is carried out to examine the performance of an efficient low aspect ratio C-shaped rotor and a proposed involute-type rotor. Further, the WFM model is adapted with a stack of decreased diameter tubes from wind inlet to outlet. It accelerates the wind velocity, and its effectiveness is examined on the involute turbine. Numerical analysis is performed with a realizable K-ε model to monitor the rotor blade performance in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ANSYS Fluent software tool. This viscous model with an optimal three-blade rotor with 0.96 m2 rotor swept area is simulated between the turbine rotational speeds ranging from 50 to 250 rpm. The parameters, such as lift–drag coefficient, lift–drag forces, torque, power coefficient, and power at various turbine speeds, are observed. It results in a maximum power coefficient of 0.071 for the drag force rotor and 0.22 for the lift force involute rotor. Moreover, the proposed WFM with an involute rotor extensively improves the maximum power coefficient to an appreciable value of 0.397 at 5 m/s wind speed, and this facilitates efficient design in the low wind profile area.


The Rockingham Regional Campus Community Library opened the doors to its three stakeholder groups on February 8 1998. It is a joint use library that looks after the needs of the City of Rockingham, Challenger Tafe (a technical college) and Murdoch University. The library is built on a regional education precinct 40 kms south of the Perth CBD in Western Australia. The City of Rockingham has a population of over 90,000 people and is served by 3 public libraries.Our library was originally a joint use library with TAFE and the City but an agreement between the three partners was drawn up after the University commenced offering courses at Rockingham in 1996. In April 2007 our library management system showed that we have a patron base of 2873 university students, 4878 TAFE students and over 17000 active city patrons. Our Mission is to provide quality services that meet the information, recreation and learning needs of the local community, the TAFE campus and the University campus by ensuring equitable access to information resources.


The invention discloses an airport ground intelligent command and dispatching system and method. The method includes the following steps that: a mobile terminal receives issued dispatching task information and completes dispatching of airport production personnel and reports task progress information; a vehicle-mounted terminal receives issued dispatching task information and completes dispatching of airport vehicles and reports vehicle location information; a dispatching client ends receives issued scheduling task information and completes dispatching of airport service resources and reports service resource dispatching progress information; a command and dispatching center generates different dispatching task information according to flight information, service personnel information and service equipment information stored in a database, and issues the dispatching task information to the mobile terminal, the vehicle-mounted terminal and the dispatching client end respectively; and various kinds of production work information reported by the mobile terminal, the vehicle-mounted terminal and the dispatching client end is received, and statistical analysis is performed on the information. With the airport ground intelligent command and dispatching system and method of the invention adopted, intelligent command and dispatching of related departments and operating personnel for airport ground guarantee can be realized, and collaborative work level and efficiency of various kinds of units can be improved.


Face tracking continues to be an important topic in computer vision. We describe a tracking algorithm based on a static face detector. Our face detector is a rectanglefeature- based boosted classifier, which outputs the confidence whether an input image is a face. The function that outputs this confidence, called a score function, contains important information about the location of a moving target. A target that has moved will be located in the gradient direction of a score function from the location before moving. Therefore, our tracker will go to the region where the score is maximum using gradient information of this function. We show that this algorithm works by the combination of jumping to the gradient direction and precise search at the local region.


Purpose: Past studies have proven that there is an increasing trend showing more tourists are travelling to rural areas for vacation because of its richness of the local natural, cultural, and heritage resources. Despite the potential importance of rural tourism, however there has been an ongoing debate on ways to better develop rural tourism destinations that will ensure sustainable of profitability. Service quality has been proposed as one of the crucial determinants to enhance tourists' satisfaction and subsequently lead to revisit intention. Therefore, this study intends to examine the influence of two service quality components, namely accessibility quality and accommodation quality and its impacts towards tourists' satisfaction and subsequently leads to revisit intention. This study also examines the moderating role of local communities' attitude in enhancing the relationship among the two namely service quality components on tourists' satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 251 tourists volunteered participated in this study. The SmartPLS (version 3.2.6) is used to perform the PLS-SEM analysis via two steps approach. Findings: The results found that both accessibility quality and accommodation quality was positively related to tourists' satisfaction, and tourists' satisfaction was found positive relations with revisit intention. Interestingly, local communities' attitude was found enhanced the relationship between accommodation quality and tourists' satisfaction. Research limitations/implications: The findings have made some contributions to the literature in rural tourism areas and enriches the existing knowledge of service quality components and their effect on tourists' satisfaction from the demand side perspectives. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal Vol. 10, No. 2 (2018, Special Issue) 116 Practical implications: The findings could serve as a practical guideline to tourism practitioners to plan and develop rural tourism destinations with the valuable information gather from tourists' perspectives, specifically to enhance the quality of accessibility and accommodation quality in rural destinations to better satisfy tourists' needs. Originality/value: This study is perhaps the first known study to examine the impact of local communities' attitude in moderating the relationship among service quality's components and tourists' satisfaction.