The invention relates to the technical field of anti-explosion containers, in particular to a letdown type anti-explosion container used for storing an electric detonator. The anti-explosion container comprises an upper cover, a barrel body, a fixed support, an anti-static mat, a bottom sealing head and a lower wave-eliminating board, wherein the barrel body comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel, the bottom sealing head is in a concave arc shape, a cylindrical hole is formed in the bottom sealing head, and the bottom sealing head is fixedly arranged on the bottom portion of the outer barrel; the lower wave-eliminating board is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom portion of the inner barrel, a wave-eliminating hole is formed in the lower wave-eliminating board, and the upper surface of the anti-static mat is horizontally arranged on the top face of the lower wave-eliminating board; a flameout guide column is arranged between the bottom sealing head and the lower wave-eliminating board and is cylindrical, an inner cavity is arranged on the axial upper middle portion of the flameout guide column, an air inlet hole is formed in the side wall of the flameout guide column, an explosion venting air hole is formed in the axial lower portion of the flameout guide column, a cylindrical pin on the flameout guide column is inserted into the cylindrical hole of the bottom sealing head, and the upper end face of the flameout guide column is closely connected with the part, not provided with the wave-eliminating hole, of the lower surface of the lower wave-eliminating board. The letdown type anti-explosion container has the advantages of being good in anti-explosion performance.


Recognizing geometrical shapes for children is a children's skill in recognizing, showing, stating, and collecting geometrical things. These processes start by introducing geometrical concepts by identifying the geometrical characteristics. The purpose of this study was to clarify the use of clay can improve the students' skill of group B1 of TK Annisa, Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency on recognizing the geometrical shapes. This study belongs to Classroom Action Research (CAR). It was done in two cycles, in which each cycle consists of two meetings. This was completed in four steps, namely: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The results revealed the students' skills in recognizing the geometric shapes were 35% in pre-cycle, 55.78% in cycle I, and 85% in cycle II. The overall improvement of the students' skill in recognizing the geometrical shapes was on an average of 55.46%. Thus, the use of clay media educational teaching aids can improve the ability to recognize geometry in early childhood.


Summary form only given. The article gives an overview of text-to-speech (TTS) technology and a description of some issues of potential interest to speech coding experts. After motivation for the use of TTS technology, it describes the general architecture of a text-to-speech system with particular emphasis on the speech synthesis component. Both formant synthesis and concatenative synthesis are presented, offering different degrees of flexibility and quality. Several well-known speech coding techniques (including LPC vocoders, waveform interpolation, harmonic coding, and layered coding) have been used in speech synthesis. It explains how they have been applied, and the advantages and limitations of those techniques when used in speech synthesis. The main goal is to increase cooperation between the speech coding community and the TTS community, and in particular to motivate the need for speech coding algorithms that meet the requirements of the next generation speech synthesis technology.


This article describes a burgeoning movement of believers in business who have tired of "the Sunday-Monday gap" and seek to integrate faith and work. The Faith at Work movement is comprised of businesspeople, professionals, and workers of all types who are gathering in significant numbers outside the church to discuss questions of meaning, purpose, calling, ethics, character, spiritual identity, and expression in the workplace. Abandoned by the church and influenced by various historical, theological, and social factors, the movement is largely lay-founded and lay-led, appealing to liberals and conservatives alike. The article concludes with prescriptive proposals, offering a new language and framework to facilitate theological reflection, practical application, and constructive discourse about faith and work.


Dimensionality reduction plays an important role in machine learning techniques. In classification, data transformation aims to reduce the number of feature dimensions, whereas attempts to enhance the class separability. To this end, we propose a new classifier-independent criterion called "Sum-of-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio" (SoSNR). A framework designed for maximization with respect to this criterion is presented and three types of algorithms, respectively based on (1) gradient, (2) deflation and (3) sparsity, are proposed. The techniques are conducted on standard UCI databases and compared to other related methods. Results show trade-offs between computational complexity and classification accuracy among different approaches.


The 5 larval instars of the saddled prominent, Heterocampa guttivitta Walker), were distinguished by characters relating to a combination of head-capsule size and color and the presence or absence or dorsal protuberances. Body color and markings were much too variable for this purpose.

A large proportion of the first 3 instars fed on the undersides of leaves. Therefore, the aerial application of an insecticide should be made when most of the population has reached at least the 3rd stage. Of the 2 hosts examined, development was faster on beech than on maple. Prespray samples should be taken from the latter species to assure maximum protection.


Abstract. Source mask optimization (SMO) is one of the required techniques for lithography below 32 nm. Source representation is one important factor that affects both the imaging simulation and optimization processes of SMO, especially the global SMOs such as the SMO using genetic algorithm (GA-SMO). We propose a source representation which accelerates the GA-SMO. The proposed representation uses a group of circular poles to describe the freeform illumination source whose pupil filling ratio (PFR) is small. Compared with conventional Cartesian-grid and polar-grid pixelated representations, the proposed multipole source representation can represent the low-PFR freeform illumination source with fewer variables, which speeds up both the GA convergence and lithography imaging simulation. Numerical experiments show that the GA-SMO using the proposed multipole source representation method is about seven times faster than that using polar-grid pixelated source representation on the premise that other simulation conditions are the same and optimization qualities are comparable.


Theory of Hegemonic Stability, Theory of Interdependence and Theory of Global Systemization are the key theories representing contemporary international political economy. This dissertation attempts to grasp the development trend of the above realm of theories by exploring certain basic assumptions, analysis methods and theoretical views of present international political economic theories.


Eye is one of the most vital and significant organs in the human body. Among the different senses that a human uses, vision is the one which accounts for 80% of the perceived experience. In the recent years due to the effect of the pandemic multiple working professionals and students are forced to view computer screens for a longer duration which is leading to multiple eye health problems such as Dryness syndrome, Cataract and Blindness in long term effect. All these problems lead to a requirement of a system which is capable of detecting and keeping a count of the human blink and notifying the user when and if required. This would also help in instigating the habit of eye blink to the user which is mostly taken for granted as a part of human involuntary action. The objective is to develop a system which is capable of detecting the blinks of the human eye in real time. The number of blinks would be recorded and stored in the database. Further an app is being developed to monitor the health status of the eye on a regular basis which instigates users to develop the habit of blinking. The app alerts the user when the frequency of blinking has decreased. An added benefit from the system is achieved by a certain modification in the firmware which is now capable of detecting drowsiness.


Mathematics is one of the subjects that, for various reasons, present higher failure rates. The constraint that these rates causes to the professional becoming of the teacher led us to analyse the reasons that lead to of students' failure in this subject in middle and higher degrees in IFSC, at Florianópolis. Adopting a mixed approach, the data was collected through a questionnaire to students with a failure history in Mathematics. Some factors that interfere in this process are highlighted, such as the lack of adequate spaces and schedules for study; the restricted use of ICT; the relationship between teacher and student, curricular questions and the teacher's academic formation, among others. We claim that it is necessary to review aspects related to curricular organization, such as the relation of students with knowledge, the policies adopted by the Institution to students who fail and other pedagogical factors of the actors involved in the process.


Threonine aldolase (TA)-catalyzed aldol condensation is a powerful tool for C–C bond formation under mild conditions, but the low Cβ-stereoselectivity has hampered its wide application. A stepwise ...


Natural-parity high-spin states of J/sup ..pi../=12/sup +/ (6.10 MeV) and 10/sup +/ (4.89, 5.07, and 5.92 MeV) were observed and identified via inelastic electron scattering. Dominant single-particle--hole configurations in these excitations were deduced. The measured cross sections indicate a reduction of the transverse transition amplitude to 65% of the shell-model prediction, and the absence of an effective charge for the neutron.


We introduce an efficient finite-field approach for calculating static polarizabilities of periodic systems. Our method yields polarizabilities that exactly match the oligomer extrapolation values. Theoretical details are given and benchmark calculations presented.


The effective thermal conductivity, elastic modulus, and coefficient of thermal expansion of epoxy resins filled with ceramic fillers like silica, alumina, and aluminum nitride were determined. The data obtained was compared with theoretical and semitheoretical equations in the literature that are used to predict the properties of two phase mixtures. It was found that Agari's model provided a good estimate of the composite thermal conductivity. The Hashin-Shtrikman lower bound for composite modulus fits the modulus data fairly well at low concentrations of the filler. Also, it was found that the coefficients of thermal expansion of the filled composites lie in between Schapery's upper and lower bounds. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 3396–3403, 1999


Noise includes all unwelcome ambient sounds. If a sound is perceived as delightful music or annoying noise, it will be perceived as having the same decibel level. The fundamental drawback of noise in an audio signal is that it degrades the signal's quality during transmission over the communication system. Real-time audio signals are gathered for the present study using a microphone. The additive white Gaussian noise of AWGN is blended with a genuine audio source. The Median, Finite Impulse Response filter with Wavelet Transform approach is a hybrid filter for denoising audio signals that incorporates the Median Filter, FIR Filter, and Wavelet Transform techniques (MFWT). In this study Peak Signal to Noise Ratio and Mean Square Error (MSE) are used to assess MFWT performance(PSNR). In terms of SNR (82.04) and RMSE score, MFWT performs better than the median filter, FIR filter, and Wavelet transform (0.055).


By almost any measure, the thousands of public safety communications networks in the United States today are inadequate. The U.S. National Broadband Plan recommended deployment of a nationwide network for public safety, which is now known as FirstNet. FirstNet has the potential to provide emergency responders with high-speed mobile data services, at lower cost, higher spectral efficiency, and greater dependability than we have seen with previous public safety systems, but only if FirstNet adopts an effective strategy, and quickly. This paper describes such a strategy. The key to making rapid progress at low cost is leveraging commercial infrastructure and commercial technology. This begins by establishing priority roaming agreements with multiple commercial carriers and aggregating the demand of public safety agencies nationwide to convince device manufactures and standards bodies to meet public safety needs. Without rapid progress, there is a danger that states and municipalities will go their own separate ways, and this historic opportunity will be lost.


This study deals with the new blue release LED phosphor activated by Eu2+. The luminescence properties of blue-emitting phosphor di-Calcium magnesium di-Silicate (Ca2MgSi2O7) doped with europium Eu2+are extensively investigated. This phosphor is produced by the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The phase structure and crystalline size, surface morphology and elemental analysis were investigated by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The optical properties are investigated by photoluminescence (PL) properties. Phase structure of Ca2MgSi2O7: Eu2 + is a carbonite-type structure belonging to tetragonal crystallography with the space group P4̅21m; this structure forms a member and layered compound in the Myelite group. The surface of the prepared phosphors is not detected uniformly and the particle distribution is within the nanometer range. EDX ensures components of Eu2 + doped Ca2MgSi2O7 phosphor. Under UV induction, the main emission peak appeared at 470 nm. This emission peak is attributed to the typical emission of Eu2+ due to the 4F9/2 → 6H15/2 transition. The blue light-emitting properties and excellent light response of these silicate phosphors make them suitable for photonic applications and open new avenues for solid-state lighting, cathode ray tubes, fluorescent lamps and scintillators etc. The phosphor system has been researched as a new candidate for phosphor-converted white light-emitting diode (LED) applications.


A method for the array characterization from Near-Field measurements is here presented. The method exploit the concept of Singular-Value Optimization to dramatically reduce the number of data needed by a complete mapping of the excitations. The approach is here applied to a planar scanning and numerically validated.


We have used a panel of human HLA-B7-specific CTL clones to identify an HLA-B7 gene (JY150) transfected into human M1 fibroblasts (M1/B7). Only a subset of the CTL clones recognized the M1/B7 cells, whereas all CTL clones recognized the donor of the B7 gene, the cell line JY (HLA-A2,2;B7,7;Cw-,-;DR4,w6). Analysis of the fine specificity of these CTL clones was performed by testing the reactivity on M1 cells transfected with an HLA-B27K gene and on a panel of cell lines typed for HLA-B7 subtypes (variants). These results, combined with one-dimensional IEF analysis of the M1/B7 cells and the B7 subtypes, indicated that the differential recognition by the CTL clones of the transfected gene was not caused by aberrant expression of the gene itself or due to the absence of critical accessory molecules on the M1 fibroblast cells. Our data suggest that the widely used HLA-B7 reference cell line JY is not homozygous at the HLA-B locus, but contains two different B7 alleles encoding the B7.2 and B7.4 subtypes.


Objective To identify the kinetics of intercelluler adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in the aspergillus fumigatus keratitis corneas.Design Experimental study.Participants Rat model of fugal keratitis.Methods ICAM-1 were detected using RT-PCR in the different course.Immunohistochemistry was done on the cornea pathology slice at different time points to detect the neutrophil and T-lymphocytes.Main Outcome Measures ICAM-1,neutrophil and T-lymphocytes.Results The infiltrated immunity cells and the fungi grow increased from the early stage(0.58±0.21) and reached its peak at the midterm stage(1.22±0.12).ICAM-1 were weakly expressed on normal control group.ICAM-1 levels increased from the early to midterm stage and then declined after the midterm stage.We can see the same trendency in neutrophil.T-lymphocytes gradually increased and reached the peak at the later stage.A statistically significant difference was seen between various stage of keratitis(all P=0.000).Conclusion ICAM-1 might play a critical role in regulating inflammatory response through the couse.


The kinetics of the disorder−order transition (ODT) in a triblock of polystyrene (PS) and poly(ethylene-co-butylene) (PEB), in mineral oil, a selective solvent for the middle PEB block, was followed by time-resolved SAXS using both temperature ramp and rapid temperature quench techniques. Data analysis, using the Percus−Yevick interacting hard-sphere model plus Gaussians for the Bragg peaks in the ordered body-centered-cubic (bcc) state, shows that the core radius Rc, the hard-sphere volume fraction φ, and their interaction radius Rhs increased with decreasing temperature in the disordered state. At the ODT, φ reaches a maximum and Rc and φ change on ordering. The kinetics exhibits two stages corresponding to temperature equilibration and supercooling of the micellar fluid followed by nucleation and growth of the ordered state. The induction time for the onset of the second stage shows a minimum around the glass transition of the polystyrene cores.


With the tremendous development in size, the complexity of ontology increases. Thus ontology evaluation becomes extremely important for developers to determine the fundamental characteristics of ontologies in order to improve the quality, estimate cost and reduce future maintenance. Our research examines the concepts and their hierarchy in conceptual model, the common feature of the most ontologies, which reflects the fundamental complexity. We suggest a well-defined metrics suite of complexity, which mainly examine the quantity, ratio and correlativity of concepts and relationships, to evaluate ontologies from the viewpoint of complexity and its evolution. In the study, we measure three ontologies in GO to verify our metrics. The results indicate that this metrics suite works well, and the biological process ontology is the most complex one from the view of complexity, and the molecular function ontology is the unsteadiest one from the view of evolution


The data revolution experienced in recent times has thrown up new challenges and opportunities for businesses of all sizes in diverse industries. Big data analytics is already at the forefront of innovations to help make meaningful business decisions from the abundance of raw data available today. Business intelligence and analytics has become a huge trend in todays IT world as companies of all sizes are looking to improve their business processes and scale up using data driven solutions. This paper aims to demonstrate the data analytical process of deriving business intelligence via the historical data of a fictional bike share company seeking to find innovative ways to convert their casual riders to annual paying registered members. The dataset used is freely available as Chicago Divvy Bicycle Sharing Data on Kaggle. The authors used the RTidyverse library in RStudio to analyse the data and followed the six data analysis steps of ask, prepare, process, analyse, share, and act to recommend some actionable approaches the company could adopt to convert casual riders to paying annual members. The findings from this research serve as a valuable case example, of a real world deployment of BIA technologies in the industry, and a demonstration of the data analysis cycle for data practitioners, researchers, and other potential users.


This paper proposes a vocabulary for speaking on reference. The main idea is that we should sharply distinguish reference and designation. The former is esentially a pragmatic (intentional) relation between the user of a referential expression, whereas the latter is semantic in character. This distinction enables us to distinguish several cases of referring, including situations in which reference is incorrect. Reference also has some modal properties.


C3T (Controller Tools and Transition Trials) is a study project whose aim is to define, develop and evaluate controller roles, tasks and working methods suited to the introduction of ATM Decision Support Tools (DST) and data link communication. The project is in support of the EUROCONTROL ATM2000/sup +/ strategy and will apply both model and real time simulation techniques. The C3T project is investigating using a stepped approach, developing from current day planning and radar controller roles towards a multi-layer planning concept, including multi-sector planning and integrated air/ground operations. C3T aims to identify benefits accrued to airspace users and service providers from the proposed concepts and to define a pragmatic implementation of its findings. Numerous ATM tools have been proposed to cater for the predicted traffic demand over the next 10 years, however, their concept of operation often does not place sufficient emphasis on the human operator. The motivation for the C3T study is based on the expectation that the cost in workload to the controller and in economics to the airline can be reduced through early problem resolution, even if some predicted problems (due to trajectory prediction inaccuracies) would ultimately result in no controller intervention. Despite the resolution of such "non-problems" it is believed that early intervention will reduce the overall tactical radar controller (TC) workload when compared to current practices. We empower the planning controller (PC) to define problem resolutions through use of conflict probing (CP), system supported coordination (SYSCO) and advanced Computer Human Interaction (CHI).


This note describes closed and open loop control systems using electrical, electronic and hydraulic components for the control of the pressure regulating valves in Slowdown wind tunnels. The system described here in is based on commercially available components of established reliability and is representative of current trends in control system design. A comparative statement of existing valve control systems in various other wind tunnel establishments is shown in Appendix 11.


A bidirectional rocking isolation bearing system (Bi‐RIBS) is proposed to provide seismic protection for bridge structures. By using the 3‐D rocking motion of the Bi‐RIBS, this system acts as a mechanical fuse to limit the maximum force transmitted to the bridge piers and as a restoring component to control an excessive girder response. Possible applications in bridge structures were discussed. A simple analytical model was established to characterize the dynamics of an example bridge featuring such a Bi‐RIBS. A series of dynamic analyses were performed by using the proposed model to investigate the effects of several factors on controlling the seismic responses of the bridge, for example, the design parameters of Bi‐RIBS including inclined angle and size, the damping property at the support interface, and the mass ratio. The peak ground accelerations of the bidirectional ground motion record were scaled to various levels to evaluate the maximum performance indices of the bridge structure and the response control effectiveness of the Bi‐RIBS compared to the uncontrolled counterparts. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed Bi‐RIBS could effectively control the maximum pier displacement while keeping the bearing from overturning if suitable parameters were selected. In particular, the control effectiveness on the maximum pier response becomes more significant as the seismic intensity increases, due to its distinctive negative stiffness property.


ightly considered one of the most distinguished of all British lusophiles and hispanists of the twentieth century, Aubrey Fitz Gerald Bell (1881-1950) produced a vast and diversified oeuvre spanning many decades. His works spread knowledge of Portuguese letters and culture ranging as they did from the translation and publication of classic texts to monographs and critical studies, all of which reflect his particular predilection for the medieval and Renaissance periods. With regard to his distinguished literary activity that was instrumental in spreading knowledge of Portuguese letters, it is important to underline from the beginning that Bell's output is unusually vast, totalling over a hundred titles. Among the works he translated, those which stand out are his versions of four "autos" by Gil Vicente (Four Plays of Gil Vicente, 1920), Oliveira Martins' História da Civilização Ibérica (1930) and lastly Eça de Queiroz's A Relíquia (1930). Equally noteworthy is his anthology of Portuguese poetry, The Oxford Book Aubrey Bell and Portugal of the Portuguese (1915): a Preview of the Future of Portugal in the Political Turmoil of the First Republic*


ABSTRACT Oudlājān, the historical urban core of Tehran, has exquisite houses, mostly from the Qajar era. It is suffering from neglect. Precious buildings have collapsed, together with their tangible and intangible heritage. Despite decades of interest in this neighbourhood, there is no complete and methodical inventory and documentation of all the individual properties. The Oudlājān Documentation Project (ODP) is a voluntary effort, to create a data archive for possible future preservation, rehabilitation, conservation, and restoration projects for this built heritage.


This study aims to look at how social media can be used for structuring the collective memory data associated with meaning or perception of urban space. 'Tugu Pal Putih' monument and its surrounding historic district in Yogyakarta City, which become part of both the philosophical and structural axis of the city, is used as a case study. Methodologically, first, as a basic step of this research, it will collect data about the tendency of collective memory related to 'Tugu Pal Putih' monument (whether as a landmark, open space, or signage) available from social media. Secondly, this research will look at the structure of the information flow and how it narrowing down into several trends of object meanings. Third, as part of verification step, this research confirms the collective memory associated with the city's population that has been generated previously from social media.

The results of this study indicate that the area of 'Tugu Pal Putih" monument became a popular district that has a significant meaning for the various groups of the population because of memory attachment with the object. From the three categories of collective memory, all has a clear structure of how the background of this information comes from the residents of the city. The capability of the social media in this case are large, bulk, easy and valid in presenting the information required for a city area development. Obviously, in terms of method of providing data, the use of social media is very advantageous for designing cities that sensitively accommodate the needs of residents' memory. The challenge ahead is when these collective memories can be used optimally in an urban design or planning project that is limited by time execution, budgets, and other influenceable factors.

Keywords: social media, collective memory, information/data structure, urban design project, Yogyakarta City.


aim, most of the Atlas covers the colonial period and the impact newcomers have had on the land, the rivers, and the communities that occupied them. The Historical Atlas is a tour de force with its breadth of coverage and its beautiful presentation. It is not a book to read from cover to cover, but to use as a reference book or to dip into for pleasure. The Problem of justice is aimed at a specialist readership. It addresses the specific subject of Aboriginal control over justice systems in three communities Upper Skagit, St6:16, and Central Coast Salish of southern Vancouver Island within the broad context of comparative colonial studies. PEGGY BROCK Edith Cowan University, Western Australia


Different areas of the brain are involved in specific aspects of the information being processed both in learning and in memory formation. For example, the hippocampus is important in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, while emotional memory seems to be dealt by the amygdala. On the microscopic scale the underlying structures in these areas differ in the kind of neurons involved, in their connectivity, or in their clustering degree but, at this level, learning and memory are attributed to neuronal synapses mediated by longterm potentiation and long-term depression. In this work we explore the properties of a short range synaptic connection network, a nearest neighbor lattice composed mostly by excitatory neurons and a fraction of inhibitory ones. The mechanism of synaptic modification responsible for the emergence of memory is Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP), a Hebbian-like rule, where potentiation/depression is acquired when causal/non-causal spikes happen in a synapse involving two neurons. The system is intended to store and recognize memories associated to spatial external inputs presented as simple geometrical forms. The synaptic modifications are continuously applied to excitatory connections, including a homeostasis rule and STDP. In this work we explore the different scenarios under which a network with short range connections can accomplish the task of storing and recognizing simple connected patterns.


nor n clearly rle.fileed domain of iiiqui)-y. Questions of definition, orientatinn, and method hare hardly beell ra.i.sed. let a.lone answered. Howcver, recent developments sucJc~est that there is a 1110untÎng interest in the sociology of sport u'hieh promises to be more than fleeting&dquo;. (Kenyon, 1969). Any area nf the social sciences will ultimately be defined by its accumulated knowledge, and the efforts of those who work in the field within the tenets of a


A 450 MeV Synchrotron Radiation Source, Indus-1 is being constructed at Centre for Advanced Technology at Indore in central India. A new site for this machine was developed from 1986 onwards. The machine building and most of components were ready by Dec. 1992. A 20 MeV pre-injector microtron and 450/700 Mev booster synchrotron were progressively commissioned from June 1994 onwards. The 450 MeV storage ring is partially assembled by now; and in the meantime, commissioning experiments with booster synchrotron continue (Sep. 95) to get electron beam accelerated up to 450 MeV. This paper narrates our experience in construction & alignment of synchrotron machines which was first of its kind for most of us. Careful design, planning and execution of the work yielded modest results so that alignment accuracies between 0.1 to 0.3 mm could be achieved (in booster synchrotron) and, which have proved to be adequate up till now. The building of the SRS complex was constructed such that machine rings have their foundations isolated from rest of the building. A number of 100 x150 mm size steel plates were embedded in the concrete of floor and walls to serve as base for reference surveying marks which were established later. The pre-injector & booster ring are enclosed in a radiation shielding zone with separate ventilation system. An overhead crane serves for handling of shielding concrete blocks and heavy magnets in the two synchrotrons. Dipoles, quadrupoles and a few sextupoles were fiducialised during their field mappings; on a CNC Hall-probe manipulator for dipoles and on rotating coil measuring machine for others. Fiducials were of two typessticker type as well as accurately reamed holes to receive a precision target for alignment measurements with optical instruments. Due to small size of entire machine zone, we decided & used precision surveying method of using ECDS-2 coordinate determination system of KERN (now, Leica) and micrometer type N3 level of WILD. Additionally, accurate spirit levels (01/20 micron per m.) for preliminary leveling and an interferometer to calibrate CNC Hall-probe manipulator were also used. We faced some problems due to instrument failures which were circumvented by mixed use of KERN & WILD theodolites and hand feeding angular readings in the ECDS-2. This helped in continuing and completing the alignment activities without much delay. Of late, the booster synchrotron experiments have established acceleration up to 480 MeV albeit, with very weak current, about 2 mA and first synchrotron light emission was directly observed on 26th Sept. 1995.


Poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS)/silica (SiO2)/organophilic montmorillonite OMMT(clay) nanocomposites are prepared and two kinds of nanofillers of different dimensions, the plate-like OMMT(clay) and globe-like SiO2, are dispersed through their "filler–filler" interaction in melt processing. In PPS/SiO2/clay system, strong filler–filler interaction is established by different responses to shear flow of inorganic clay and SiO2, thus the well dispersion of nanofillers is achieved successfully. However, the OMMT platelets are prone to be entangled by PPS molecular chains in PPS/SiO2/OMMT composites due to the extremely low interfacial tension between PPS and OMMT, which blocks the interaction between OMMT and SiO2. The result reveals two key points in realizing well dispersion of nanofillers in polymer by establishing filler–filler interaction in processing, namely, the distinct responses to shear flow of nanofillers provide an important condition for filler–filler interaction, while the direct collision between each other is another key point to successfully realize this interaction.


Four decades of encounters with the visionary and esoteric work of Adrian Rifkin across the historical, aesthetic, conceptual and theoretical terrain of his thought and criticism are brought together in this extraordinary new collection. In Intersubjective Encounters, internationally renowned scholars working across a range of disciplines explore the uniquely Rifkinian question of interdisciplinarity in culture/visual studies. Close readings of specific artwork engage with aspects of Rifkin's work diverse as Parisian urban formation, queer theory, the breathless subject and the object of art history itself. As the authors reflect on how their own methodologies have interacted with Rifkin's, critical concepts are refigured and redeployed in an implicit argument for the value of Rifkin to teaching and learning, thinking and writing. Finally, Rifkin responds in a (non-)conclusion, unfolding his own travels through Marxism, feminism, psychoanalysis and queer theory.


Power line detection plays an important role in automatic power inspection systems based on the vision sensor and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The positioning of the power line is essential to assist in planning and navigation along the power line during the UAV-based power inspection process. For the along-line inspection problem of UAV power inspection, we developed a power line extraction (PLE) algorithm based on parallel line detection and straight line stretching. The proposed algorithm first extracts the image edges by the Canny algorithm and then constructs criterion functions for PLE based on power line feature information, e.g., length, width, and direction. Finally, the information on power line location, direction, width, and so on will be combined to get the exact power line regions. In order to effectively evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the PLE algorithm, we constructed a power line dataset for UAV inspection and proposed a PLE effect evaluation method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively reduce the influence of ground environment and other interference factors. Compared with other methods, the proposed algorithm is significantly better than the comparison methods in detecting power lines for the constructed dataset. Moreover, it is still a higher detection accuracy than the comparison methods when the power line is far away from UAV.


Temperature control of the port detector had been lost. The Peltiers were replaced. I installed new Dec limit switches, upgraded the computer to Fedora 14, installed a new hard disk, and replaced the CPU fan in the computer.


Traditional linear actuators are driven by rotating motors and use a mechanical structure to converts rotational motion into linear motion. Due to the complex transmission mechanism, this kind of actuator is difficult to meet the need of rapid action, high reliability, high frequency response in the aviation field. Therefore, linear motor actuators have received extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad, but traditional linear motors have their own drawbacks. In this paper, a Tubular Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Linear Motor (TFSPMLM) is proposed, which combines the high efficiency and high power density of the traditional Permanent Magnet Linear Motor (PMLM) with the high reliability of the Switched Reluctance Linear Motor (SRLM). Firstly, a novel segmented secondary structure based on the traditional slotted secondary structure is proposed, and their topological structures and working principles are introduced. Secondly, combined with finite element method (FEM), the two motors are designed and optimized respectively based on the performance requirements of an existing aeronautical actuator. Finally, the FEM is used to analyze and compare the electromagnetic characteristics of the two types of motors. The results show that the novel secondary structure has the advantages of small positioning force, small thrust fluctuation and low back EMF THD, and it is feasible to apply them to this kind of aviation actuator.


Two adjuvants, Triton 11 XE (Isoctyl phenyl polyethoxy ethanol) and urea were tank mixed with four herbicides, methabenzthiazuron [N-(benzothiazol-2-yl)N,N′-dimethyl urea] at 1.0 and 1.5 kg ai/ha, terbutryn [N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N′-ethyl-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] at 0.50 and 0.75 kg/ha, metoxuron [N-3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)N,N-dimethylurea] at 1.0 and 1.75 kg/ha, and isoproturon [(N-(4-isopropylphenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea] at 0.50 and 0.75 kg/ha and applied to weeds in wheat. Metoxuron reduced weed dry matter by 90% over a 2-yr period. Isoproturon, terbutryn, and methabenzthiazuron reduced weed dry matter by 82%. Tank-mixing of Triton 11 XE at 0.5% (v/v) with metoxuron at 1.0 kg ai/ha, terbutryn at 0.5 kg/ha, isoproturon at 0.5 kg/ha, and methabenzthiazuron at 1.0 kg/ha reduced weed density and biomass by 52 to 67% and enhanced grain yield by 33% over herbicide alone. None of the herbicides had any significant interaction with adjuvants in terms of weed control and grain yield.


Given limited resources, biomonitoring progrrum are touted as a source of biodiversity information for conservation p1anning in riverine ecosyste~. However, the degree to which patterns revealed by biomonitoring are reflected in llllSampled mesohabitats and undersampled taxonomic groups has not been fully addressed. Differences in dispersal capacity among taxonomic groups, in particu1ar, may result in divergent patterns of biodiversity at landscape and regional scales. I sought to address the suitability of biological monitoring data in freshwater biodiversity assessment, and to test the prediction that the degree of spatial structuring in aquatic insect assemb1ages is inversely re1ated to their dispersal capacity. My thesis comprises four articles. 1be first addresses whether macroinvertebrate biodiversity patterns in riffles, the target mesohabitat of Canada's national aquatic biomonitoring program, are reflective of those in riverine wetlands. The second addresses whether biodiversity in a group of insects that is abundant in biomonitoring samples (Trichoptera) reflects that of an tlllderrepresented group (Odonata). The third tests the above prediction by comparing the degree of spatial structuring in the weakJy dispersing Trichoptera and the stronger dispersing Odonata. The final article investigates regional and national aquatic insect biodiversity patterns utilizing the national biomonitoring dataset, and seeks to evaluate the influence of scale on the observation of spatial structuring aquatic insect assemb1ages. Several key findings emerged from this work: 1) Patterns of invertebrate taxon richness and beta diversity in riftles poorly reflect those in riverine wetlands. 2) Odonata and Trichoptera biodiversity were not always congruent, however, differences in abundance among groups may account for weak corre1ations. 3) Both Odonata and Trichoptera assemb1ages


Business schools must learn how to deliver graduates who are capable team players, particularly in the field of information systems where IS personnel are frequently cited as lacking in interpersonal and teams skills, and where information technology work is increasingly structured around team-based projects. We report here on the effectiveness of a collaborative pedagogical approach called team learning, which was used in a database management systems course. The team learning methodology requires students and their teammates to bear sole responsibility for learning in teams, with the professor acting as a "Guide on the Side" (16). Using an experimental design, this study demonstrates that teams consistently outperformed individuals, which critical team skills improved over time, and that important team skills were positively associated with team performance.


The notion of a coordinated table selective substitution system (acts system) is introduced. It provides a unifying framework for both grammars and machines (automata) and hence a really broad framework for formal language theory. An extensive number of examples is given which illustrate how a quite considerable number of grammars and automata considered in the literature may be 'naturally' interpreted as special instances (subclasses of the class) of cts systems.


The Australian High Court has stated that the federal Parliament may not abdicate its legislative powers. However, the Court's concept of abdcation only prohibits an abdication or renunciation of the power of Parliament to repeal or amend a statute. This concept of abdication is so narrow that it has not proved to be a meaningful limitation in practice. This paper argues that the Court should modify its abdication doctrine so that a delegation of power to amend statute law by regulation would constitute an abdication of legislative power. Subordinate legislation must at least be subordinate to primary legislation.


. We define a notion of tracial Z -absorption for simple not necessarily unital C*-algebras, study it systematically, and prove its permanence properties. This extends the notion defined by Hirshberg and Orovitz for unital C*-algebras. The Razak-Jacelon algebra, simple nonelementary C*-algebras with tracial rank zero, and simple purely infinite C*-algebras are tracially Z -absorbing. We obtain the first purely infinite examples of tracially Z -absorbing C*-algebras which are not Z absorbing. We use techniques from reduced free products of von Neumann algebras to construct these examples. A stably finite example was given by Z. Niu and Q. Wang in 2021. We study the Cuntz semigroup of a simple tracially Z -absorbing C*-algebra and prove that it is almost unperforated and the algebra is weakly almost divisible.


The dynamic equation governing the vibration of the simple-supported beam under moving load is presented for the analysis of the transient deflection of bridge under vehicle load,in which the damp effect and free vibration are considered.The theoretical solution is validated by the dynamic finite element method.Using the proposed method,the parameters affecting the impact factor of vehicle load is discussed,such as the velocity of the vehicle,length of the bridge,construction material and damping.The results are informative in reducing the vibration and noise of bridge structure.


We agree with much of what Dr Jacobs argues but would like to comment on some of his statements. He makes many valid comments, comments that were very relevant 4‐5 years ago. Studies based on tissue homogenates are, as he mentions, very difficult to interpret and it is exceedingly difficult to correlate mitochondrial changes with physiological outcomes based on those experiments. We would, however, argue that advances in methodologies along with increased attention to the fate of specific cells has greatly enhanced our ability to link changes in the mitochondrial genome with the aging process. The relatively high abundance of cells affected in the mitochondrial myopathies makes it much easier to envision how cellular dysfunction results in tissue dysfunction in these human diseases. The lower frequency of cells affected by mtDNA deletion mutations in aging tissues has resulted in many researchers questioning whether these mtDNA deletion mutations have any physiological relevance. In the past few years, however, there has been a considerable shift in experimental design. Instead of focusing on tissue homogenates, studies have emphasized the analysis of individual cells. These studies indicate that mtDNA deletion mutations and single nucleotide mutations clonally accumulate to high levels within single cells. Our studies indicate that mitochondrial DNA deletion mutations have a physiological impact on skeletal muscle, leading to fibre atrophy and, ultimately, loss of the cells. Rather than rely on in vitro approaches to the analysis of the role of mtDNA mutations in the aging process, we have taken a two-pronged approach in our in vivo studies. The nature of the mutation event and accumulation makes it impossible to identify and then follow a specific mutation event with time (due to the focal and segmental accumulation of the mutations). We use two different animal models, rhesus monkeys and rats, and follow both through aging. For the rhesus monkeys, muscle biopsies are collected at 3-year intervals. Our initial analysis of these samples suggests that the number of


White grubs are the pests of economically important crops like sugarcane, groundnut, potato, arecanut, etc. and are distributed widely across the country. Studies have been taken up to document the predominant white grub species in major cropped area and their distribution in different regions of the country. The five years study revealed high species diversity of white grubs with varied distribution. This paper presents major 30 predominant species documented in various crops across different states.


This is a phenomenological study of the relationships between university supervisors, in‐service and pre‐service teachers (triads). Two triads participated in a joint pre‐service and in‐service professional development project. Multiple in‐depth interviews were completed with each triad member to better record and resolve the varied experiences of the participants. Through using positioning theory as a lens for interpreting data, triad dynamics were explicated to understand relationships within these groups and the factors surrounding these relationships. The following are the key research findings: (1) when triads were engaged in projects that promoted participants' synthesis of products as they enlist what they are learning, collaborative positioning occurred; (2) adequate time for interactions led to another influential social force: the establishment of trust and relationships; and (3) uncertainty in expectations can act as an inhibitive social force for collaborations.


We investigate the kinematics of the intermediate population using the photometric and astrometric sample surveys towards two opposite directions (galactic centre and anticentre) at intermediate latitude. A multivariate dis-criminant analysis (MDA) is used to distinguish thèThick Disk' from other populations with the help of the Besann con model of population synthesis. The data constrain the asymmetric drift of the intermediate population, which is found to be 4010 km sec 1 and do not depend on the galactic radius.


For the production of new generation products and the development of new technologies, modern development and production of high-tech high-tech products are aimed at the production of radioelectronics that meet modern requirements. The relevance of the production of innovative electronics, its miniaturization and import-sharing leads to the need to develop methods for modeling technological processes. The article discusses the application of the principles of the concept of industry 4.0 in the production of electronics with the introduction of the concept of Design for Manufacturing in the environment of computer mathematics MatLab in order to improve the performance of the production process. Technological processes can be described in the form of mathematical models built using the apparatus of Markov chains. On the basis of the developed model, results are obtained confirming the efficiency of using graphs in the management of technological operations. Modeling by production stages with the use of electronics in the manufacturing process allows us to reveal not only the structure of the product, consisting of individual elements of the tracker, but also to show the topology of the technological process of its manufacture. The choice of graph theory in the development of mathematical modeling is based on the main production stages of manufacturing elements in connection with the disclosure of a high level of detail of the object being modeled and ensuring the full interrelation of the components of the product in order to prevent the release of defects and, on the contrary, increase the quality of products at minimum cost. The use of DFM-analysis in the MatLab computer environment in the production and correction of errors before the start of the production process allows to reduce the time of preparation and guaranteed to fulfill obligations to customers on the quality of products.


10.30699/jambs.29.133.74 Background & Objective: Occurrence of oxidative stress in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus affects spermatogenesis and testicular functions. As the promising antioxidant activities of fullerene C60 nanomaterial have been demonstrated by previous reports, the current study aimed to determine its effects on the markers of oxidative stress damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetes testes in rats.


The subject of this thesis is wireless battery charging. The thesis has been made in collaboration with Jorgensen Industrielektronik Ltd, specialized in costumer adapted electronics. The company developed a new product, where wireless charging was an optional feature. In this thesis a wireless charging receiver was developed. The receiver was intended for charging the batteries in the product. The receiver was developed according to the Qi standard. The Qi standard is described in this report. EMC tests were performed on the receiver in order to examine the levels of emissions radiated.The work resulted in a receiver that was able to charge the product's batteries with an existing Qi charging station. The efficiency was normal for wireless charging, compared to wired charging the efficiency was lower. The EMC tests showed that the receiver radiates electromagnetic energy. The radiated emissions were within the limits of the EMC standards that the measurements have been tested against.


SARS-CoV-2 infection has become the most recent global public health emergency declared by the World Health Organization. Given the constant development of guidelines, which allow us to correctly guide patients, it became important, initially, to extrapolate measures to be implemented through existing records of previous infections, such as SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. Patients should maintain follow-up, performing imaging tests, respiratory functional studies and respiratory and aerobic rehabilitation, to reduce the persistence of symptoms in activities of daily living or during physical activity. Athletes must undergo rigorous evaluations before resuming their activity.


Any international regime established to regulate the exploitation of deep ocean mineral resources will be shaped greatly by the effect this exploitation may have on the world economy. Many deep ocean mineral deposits are potentially available, but manganese nodules will probably be the first to be exploited. This study of the economics of manganese nodules concludes that realistic production rates will severely effect the world's market price of cobalt; have significant effect on manganese and nickel prices; and cause little or no changes in the world copper market. It also snows that the royalties to be gained from an international tax or leasing system for exploitation of these nodules will not be great enough to augment significantly the economic assistance to developing nations. However, the exploitation of manganese nodules could be detrimental to the economies of specific developing countries with manganese, nickel or cobalt mining industries.


Abstract Background: Literature defines different types of flexibility and security with regard to work. Regardless of which type of flexibility or security is discussed, the consequences for individuals, organizations or employers and society are significant. Purpose: The purpose of the research was to compare and analyse the correlation between the different types of flexibility and security in work and organizational efficiency. Methodology: Data was gathered using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method. A link to an online questionnaire was e-mailed to randomly selected organisations across all economic sectors in Slovenia that had a published e-mail address, either in business directories or on a company website. We asked them to forward our e-mail to their employees. The correlation between different variables was used for data analysis. Results: The results of our research show that there is a low positive level of correlation between different types of flexibility and security in the context of work and also between different types of flexibility in work and organizational efficiency. The correlation between different types of security in work and organizational efficiency is positive and medium strong. Conclusion: It is recommended that the legislators be aware of the importance of their correlation with organizational efficiency when preparing legislative amendments regarding introduction of the flexibility and security in the field of work.


second, to explore assiduously its various aspects and functions. As for coming to terms with the variety of literature that makes use of counterfactual history, as well as literary works that are themselves counterfactual histories, there is clearly still much room for discussion. Widmann's study may not provide all the answers, but it is the most comprehensive treatment of the subject, and it sets up an exceptionally critical and multifaceted investigation of this phenomenon.


This paper considers the potential contribution of Industrial Symbiosis in fostering environmental and economical benefits in the area of Nea Karvali, Kavala, Greece. Industrial Symbiosis describes the mutualistic interaction of different industries for beneficial reuse of waste flows or energy cascading that results in a more resource-efficient production system and fewer adverse environmental impacts. Results from the case study presented in this paper, show that the implementation of symbiotic relationships in the industrial area under study, would lead to significant environmental benefits (GHG reduction, reduction on natural sources consumption) and would give a boost to the local economical sector by developing new business opportunities.


A conventional Stern‐Gerlach separation of hydrogen molecules is proposed for the supplying of a radio‐frequency or PIG ion source of standard type to produce microampere beams of polarized protons for acceleration in electrostatic accelerators, cyclotrons, etc. The long nuclear relaxation time of molecular hydrogen gas allows the accumulation of polarized protons (as molecules) for the production of microampere average beams by means of a pulsed ion source. The polarized protons after acceleration have the energy‐ and angular‐spread characteristic of the machine with which they were accelerated. There is no apparent reason why polarized H− may not be produced in the same strong‐field rf ion source, accelerated in a weak field to preserve polarization and stripped in a tandem machine, all without significant depolarization.


Aimed at the strong bending condition of optical fibers near the stripping points probably leads the fibers to break,the distribution of the bending radius and the bending length near the fibers`stripping points are calculated and analyzed on the basis of the mathematics model of the unreeling kinematic attitude of the optical fiber cable during weapon flight movement.The relationship between the above two geometric quantities and the position of the stripping point are researched.And some other optical characteristic parameters such as the radius of the winding player,speed of the payout optical cable,line density of the optical cable are also studied respectively.The result indicates that the radius of curvature at the stripping point exist a minimal value 1.2mm,and the value of the minimum almost has nothing to do with the above parameters.However,the bending radius and the bending length will be changed with the diversification of the stripping points location,payout layer,speed and fiber cables linear density.


The importance of family communication patterns in children's education during online learning is currently a benchmark for disciplining children's learning. Parent-child communication in online learning greatly determines children's learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of family communication at public elementary schools that had a decreased discipline effect during the pandemic, namely SDN 02 Kampung Pondok. Where the researchers here chose the key informants are the parents of students who work as housewives. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study method, data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model, namely through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the family communication patterns of students who work as housewives tend to show a combination of authoritarian, democratic, and permissive. However, among the three communication patterns, parents are more dominant in using Permissive communication patterns, namely parenting parents being too lenient, acceptance of people. high parents but low control, giving freedom to children to express their urges or desires. caused by parents who are too busy with work, busyness or other matters that end up forgetting to educate and care for children properly.


The inhibition of digestive enzyme trypsin by polyphenolic compounds derived from mountainous herbal infusions, as well as the effect of polarity and acidity of the media on this process were studied by virtue of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy at 293.15 K. Mountainous herbal infusions (thyme, peppermint) are well known due to their biomedical significance and wide use as a beverage. The binding constant (Kb) and standard Gibbs energy change (ΔG0) were calculated. The obtained results show that polyphenols extracted from herbal infusions significantly inhibit trypsin. Moreover, the effect of thyme infusion is stronger compared with that of peppermint. The results show that the change of both polarity and H-bonding ability of polar organic cosolvent significantly alters the value of Kb, indicating that H-bonds and electrostatic interactions are the main driving forces in these interactions.


The overarching goal of SALDi (South African Land Degradation MonItor) is to implement novel, adaptive, and sustainable tools for assessing land degradation in multi-use landscapes in South Africa. This presentation demonstrates results from hyper-temporal Sentinel-1 and −2 timeseries concerning woody cover mapping in complex savanna systems, invasive slangbos bush encroachment in grassland areas and regional soil moisture retrievals. Validation has been performed by cross-comparisons, field trips and permanently installed soil moisture networks.


Objective: To observe and compare the protective effects of Huxinling(HXL) on acute cardiac ischemia. Methods: with the acute cardiac ischemia model induced by pituitrin in rats. Results: compared with saline group, HXL reduced significantly the changes of cardiac ischemia. Compared with lower dose groups of Su Xiao Jiu Xin Wen(SXJXW), HXL was more effective than SXJXM at some time points. There was no significant difference between HXL and SXJXW at larger dose groups. Conclusion: As SXJXW, HXL possessed the protective effect on actute cardiac ischemia induced by pituitrin.


This article reflection was led to the study of social responsibility and ethics in the agro-industrial sector in Colombia. For his development were considered a number of issues in which the variable has been focused Social Responsibility with the order to find the ways in which those organizations provide comprehensive response to this commitment, achieving identify that type of responsibility and practice as this is displayed within its organizational events, the same way the variable Ethics has been included in the study to know the meaning it is within these companies in the agro-industrial sector to adhere to a determination that starts with the individual people who also involves groups and corporations. Keys word: Social responsibility, ethics, business, and agribusiness.


Content analysis of the concept of "effective" management of joint stock companies' finance" and examination of major issues related to the process evaluation of that characteristic of the company's financial activity, allows us to formulate requirements (conditions) for specific methods of assessing the economic efficiency finance management of joint stock companies.


Women in Africa have been limited in their leadership advancement due to, inter alia gender stereotyping. Although women often constitute a majority of the population in most African countries, significant barriers still exist barring or limiting their political leadership within their countries and communities. In 2005, the African Union (AU) called for 50% representation of women at all levels of political decision-making positions by 2015 (Yoon, 2011a). Several African countries, most notably Rwanda, Uganda, Namibia and South Africa, have made use of quota systems to ensure the representation of women in governance structures (Burnett, 2008). This article argues that quota systems have helped women in their political leadership development in Africa, despite any gendered conceptions societies hold about women in positions of leadership. In addition, gender quotas have improved the political and social agency of women in countries where women hold significant leadership positions in government (Bauer and Barnett, 2013). To prove the thesis, the contribution will identify and make mention of various African countries which have made extensive use of quota systems to increase women's political participation.


A unified approach for the analysis and synthesis of a class of nonlinear systems is discussed. The analytical approach is based on the Volterra series representation of the input/output relationship of nonlinear systems. A canonic structure is presented for a class of nonlinear systems. The necessary and sufficient condition for the realizability of a given nonlinear system in terms of the canonic structure is presented. This synthesis procedure is based on a simple algorithm for separating a multivariable polynomial using the zeroes of a single variable polynomial. The synthesis procedure is also shown to yield computationally simpler models for a class of nonlinear systems.


This work aims to discuss the preservation of the history of education through the virtual museum, is based on literature sources, leaving the issue: Virtual museums are viable for the preservation of historical, cultural and artistic heritage? By reference to the educational historical data of the Municipality of Moju of Para, we conclude that virtual museums contribute to the preservation and conservation of educational history.


With the aim of optimizing the performances of integrated circuits (ICs), the nanotechnology industry is carrying out intense research activities on the miniaturization at the sub-22 nm scale of their main constituents: the MOS transistors. Nevertheless, the shrinking of the gate size has reached the limits that make the control of the channel problematic. One of the most promising approaches to circumvent this dilemma and thus further the miniaturization of the future technological nodes, is the development of transistors of 3D architecture (Trigate or FinFET). The elaboration of such nanostructures requires increasingly fine characterization tools precisely at a key stage of their fabrication, namely the ion implantation doping. Given the ultra-shallow implantation depths, the medium energy ion scattering (MEIS) analysis technique is suitable for quantifying the implants and evaluating the doping conformity thanks to its good depth resolution (0.25 nm). However, the dimensions of the beam (0.5×1 mm2) being by far larger than those of the patterns, we had to develop an analysis protocol dedicated to such architectures. The samples studied in the framework of this thesis are considered as model systems. They are constituted of 3D silicon (Si) Fin – shaped line gratings, etched on the 300 mm wafers of silicon on insulator (SOI) types by using the electron beam (e-beam) lithography. The doping has been carried out at an energy of 3 keV by using the conventional (or beam line) and plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) methods.The analyses s of the MEIS spectra of the dopants implanted into each part of the patterns were possible thanks to the 3D Monte-Carlo simulations performed with the PowerMEIS software. We have thus developed a new method suitable for the characterization of the 3D doping. The measurements have shown that, contrarily to the PIII method, the dose implanted by the conventional method is as targeted. However, the distribution of the dopants inserted within the nanostructures by using the two doping methods is not uniform. In the PIII implanted samples, a large dopants' focusing at the tops of the patterns and low sidewalls' doping have been observed. This is less marked in the one implanted by the conventional method. By correlating the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), synchrotron x – ray analyses and MEIS, we have also determined the dimensions of the implanted and crystal areas of the line gratings.The exploitation of the MEIS technique in channeling mode has permitted the full assessment of the impacts of the implantation in the non-etched layers. The investigations of the crystal qualities in the non-implanted areas were carried out with the same technique. The results show that the temperature conditions have a considerable influence on the defects and lattice deformations. The origin of the anomalies in the samples has thus been identified by correlating the MEIS and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) measurements.


The article presents the results of tests of the oxidation resistance of 26 samples of selected lubricating greases available on the market. Various types of lubricant samples (according to the type of thickener), produced with oils of different chemical nature and viscosity, were tested. The basic parameters of the greases were determined: the worked penetration and the dropping point. Two different test methods were used to determine the thermal oxidation stability: the classical oxidation method according to PN-C-04143 and the rapid small-scale test method according to ASTM D 8206. The method of determining the correlation between these methods was presented. A correlation was found between the two methods of testing the resistance to oxidation, which can be roughly described using the exponential dependence. For the quick method, better compliance with the classical method was obtained at 140°C than at 160°C, which is confirmed by the determination coefficients determined by the ranking method. Based on the results of the quick method, using the determined exponential dependency, the results of the classical method can be estimated. However, the determined correlation between the PN-C-04143 and ASTM D 8206 methods is insufficient to use these methods interchangeably.


A new 3D, fast spin-echo MR sequence at 3T could one day help musculoskeletal radiologists perform a comprehensive evaluation of articular cartilage of the knee in only five minutes, according to researchers from Wisconsin and California.


An approach to information sharing in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) used e.g. in rescue operations, is to store on every node a small amount of metadata describing what information resources exist in the network and where they reside, allowing applications to first search locally for information about suitable resources, and next request relevant information from a node that contains the resource. The characteristics of MANETs in general and sparse, delay-tolerant networks in particular, make the task of maintaining and disseminating metadata across all nodes difficult, particularly in the presence of scarce resources. We have designed and implemented three protocols which use different approaches to metadata dissemination: epidemic one-to-one routing, one-to-many broadcasting that utilises the characteristics of the shared radio medium of wireless networks, and the semantic protocol where a group consisting of e.g. rescue team leaders is given priority in the dissemination process and afterwards serves as multiple starting points for further dissemination. In the MIDAS project we produce middleware that speeds up MANET application development. By prototyping the metadata management component of MIDAS and testing the prototype with each of the three protocols in the network emulator environment NEMAN, we have measured bandwidth usage and performance. The implemented broadcast protocol is measured to use substantially less bandwidth than epidemic routing. The semantic protocol shows that the group indeed gets priority; it is comparable to the broadcast protocol in terms of bandwidth usage. The broadcast protocol has been used successfully in field tests of the middleware.


Objective Trichlorfon,an organophosphate pesticide,was evaluated for its potential effects to produce teratogenicity,reproductive and endocrine toxicity following maternal exposure during organogenesis in mice.Methods The pregnant mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,3 for exposed and 1 for control,and were administrated doses of 0,12.5,25 and 50mg/kg trichlorfon respectively by gavage on gestation day 6 through day 15.All the mice were sacrificed on gestation day 17,in the mean time,the reproductive,endocrine and developmental toxicity were evaluated.Results (1)The rate of malformed fetuses were obviously increased in each exposed group compared with that of control group,(P0.01).(2) Exposure to trichlorfon during organogenesis,showed no obvious effects on maternal reproduction and gestation,such as maternal weights gain,ovary viscera coefficient、placenta viscera coefficient,number of corpora lutea,number of implantation sites,number of live fetuses,number of dead fetuses and number of resorbed fetuses(P0.05).(3) There was no obviously affection in the concentration of serum and ovary estradiol in all groups except the concentration of serum estradiol was significantly reduced in 50mg/kg group(P0.05).Conclusion Under the doses of this study,it is suggested that trichlorfon causes teratogenicity without significant maternal reproductive and endocrine toxicities after maternal exposure during organogenesis.


The atmospheric respirable particulate matter(PM10) from four typical districts in Harbin four seasons were collected.And the distribution of spaces and season about 20 kinds of elements were analyzed.Besides the sources of PM10 were studied by means of enrichment factor method and Chemical mass balance method(CMB).The results showed that Cu、Pb、S、Zn、As、Cd mainly from the anthropogenic emission sources and evident differences with the change of season and space.And Al、Ba、Ca、Cr、K、Mg、Mn、V、Sr mainly from nature sources,possibility of contamination from man-made.Ti、Na、Si really major from nature sources.CMB indicated that in Harbin the significant sources are traffic dust,road dust,coal dust and petrochemical industry dust.Among the sources,the traffic dust is the highest rate contributor.In spring,road dust is the highest rate contributor,in summer is petrochemical dust,and in winter is the coal dust.


The selective transport of copper (II) from an aqueous solution containing zinc, cadmium, nickel and cobalt through supported liquid membrane, using LIX 984 dissolved as a mobile carrier, was studied. The effects of components of organic and feed phases on the transport were investigated. The components of organic phase were given as; diluents: n-heptan, n-octan and kerosene, and polymeric membrane support materials: hydrophobic synthetic polymer membrane (Gorotex Teflon), poly (vinylidine difluoride) (Durapore HVHP). The component of feed phase is given as pH. The transport order for diluents and support observed as the feed phase pH increases is: n-heptan > n-octan > > kerosene and teflon > durapore. Also, the results showed that Cd + 2 , Zn + 2 , Co + 2 and Ni + 2 ions were not transported at the pH range of feed phase studied, and 85.3 % of copper ions in the feed phase were transported.


This article explores looking as a historically, regionally, and culturally specific act by examining the visual training promoted by the Natural History Society (nhs) of New Brunswick from 1862 to 1929. The pedagogical efforts of members of the nhs extended beyond the walls of their museum to include camping trips, a school loan program, and even a train filled with displays that travelled throughout the province. These activities were meant to give residents of New Brunswick a newfound appreciation of their region, equipping them simultaneously with a love of nature and an eye for economic opportunity. According to pedagogues, learning to see properly could shape character, have a positive moral effect on society, and produce what might be called geographical citizenship – an identification both of and with the visual aspects of the landscape. They considered seeing a simultaneously amusing and challenging intellectual endeavour, requiring time and effort to develop. This interdisciplinary study draws primarily on the impressive archival holdings of the New Brunswick Museum, especially the Natural History Society fonds, which arguably surpass in quantity and depth those of other natural history societies in Canada. Surprisingly, the records of this important society have never before been studied in their entirety. The nhs is certainly worthy of attention, not only because it became part of the New Brunswick Museum, an important provincial institution, but also because it influenced the curriculum in New Brunswick schools. Examining the kind of looking encouraged by the nhs furthermore sheds new light on the development of regional identity, historical conceptions of nature, and the changing status of vision. Dans le présent article, on étudie comment « voir » peut représenter un acte particulier sur les plans historique, régional et culturel en examinant le programme d'entraînement visuel mis en œuvre par la Société d'histoire naturelle (SHN) du Nouveau-Brunswick de 1862 à 1929. Les efforts pédagogiques des membres de la SHN ont dépassé l'enceinte du musée et ont inclus des excursions de camping, un programme de prêt aux écoles et même un train rempli d'artéfacts qui s'est déplacé partout dans la province. Ces activités avaient pour but d'inciter les résidents du Nouveau-Brunswick à apprécier leur région et la nature les entourant, et à garder l'œil ouvert afin d'identifier des avenues de développement économique. Selon les pédagogues, l'entraînement visuel forme le caractère, a un effet positif sur la société et produit ce qu'on pourrait appeler une « citoyenneté géographique », soit l'identification de certains aspects visuels du paysage et l'auto-identification à ceux-ci. Les pédagogues croient que « voir » représente un défi intellectuel à la fois amusant et intéressant, qui nécessite qu'on lui consacre temps et efforts. L'étude interdisciplinaire se base principalement sur les impressionnants fonds d'archives du Musée du Nouveau-Brunswick, particulièrement ceux de la Société d'histoire naturelle qui dépassent sûrement en quantité et en qualité ceux des autres sociétés d'histoire naturelle du Canada. Étonnamment, les dossiers de cette importante société n'avaient encore jamais été étudiés au complet. La SHN est digne d'intérêt non seulement parce qu'elle fait maintenant partie du Musée du Nouveau-Brunswick, une importante institution provinciale, mais aussi en raison de l'influence qu'elle a eue sur le curriculum des écoles de cette province. De plus, le type d'entraînement visuel encouragé par la SHN permet de jeter un regard nouveau sur le développement de l'identité régionale, les conceptions historiques de la nature et le changement de statut de la vision.


Meat clusters existing in Russia have low investment attractiveness. The authors substantiated the need to include universities in the cluster of research divisions for conducting research and development. The study concerning the efficiency of the meat clusters operation and waste control technologies was carried out. The best available technology for liquid waste processing has been substantiated. The meat clusters include meat processing plants. The authors consider their waste as secondary resources for energy, fertilizers for farmlands and other production. "Athos", a liquid-phase oxidation technology is proposed to reduce the technogenic pressure on the environment and energy-efficient waste processing. It is not applied in Russia, despite its obvious advantages. The article provides a flow chart of a liquid-phase oxidation unit and elements of the best available technologies obtained while its implementation. The technology of liquid-phase oxidation ensures the autothermal process and is it is recommended for the waste from the food industry processing and processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex.


The paper presents the necessary documentation for the energy analysis of the muscular system subjected to mechanically induced vibrations. The material system assimilated to the left shoulder muscles of a human subject is subjected to a torsion vibration. For this, the material system is studied from a constructive point of view, through the mechanical characteristics, the way of interaction with the whole organism. The study of energy consumption is carried out with a medical assembly, which takes over the mechanical demands in the muscles (EMG) and the energy detected by the central nervous system (EEG). The paper presents in detail all the aspects existing in the literature studied and which are necessary to solve the theme of the doctoral thesis, which deals with: the action of mechanical vibrations on the human body from an energy point of view. Key words: mechanical vibrations [Arg 15], muscular system, energy analysis.


The invention discloses a method for detecting activity of myrosinase in probiotics. According to the condition that myrosinase can be an induced enzyme, the reaction substrate sinigrin of myrosinase is utilized to induce the strain, and the activity of the myrosinase is then detected. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary screening by using sinigrin instead of glucose to primarily judge whether the strain has the capacity for decomposing sinigrin; inducing the strain by using the sinigrin so that the strain generates metabolism channel activation of myrosinase, adding the complete strain into a sinigrin solution with a certain concentration to perform metabolism for some time, centrifugating to remove the strain, and determining the 340nm absorbance of the supernatant, wherein the result indicates that the absorbance value at this time is obviously changed as compared with the absorbance of the sinigrin solution with the same concentration into which the strain is not added. Therefore, the strain induction method for determining activity of myrosinase in probiotics is feasible. The method is simple to operate and short in detection period.


The present invention provides a connected state can be firmly held the pipe connecting the tube connector. Coupling connector on the tube (1), it includes: a supply pipe (2) inserted into the connector body removed (3); a locking member (4) having a pipe engaging portion (23) engaging the tube, and possible to the pipe locking portion of the latch lock the position of the tube, and a predetermined releasing the lock releasing card holder movable between a way connector body; and to the lock position side of the locking member biasing mechanism urging (33, 41), when the locking member is in the locked position by the biasing force direction of the biasing mechanism biases the locking tube pipe locking portion.


Correlation descriptive is used as research method in this research. Data analysis using multiple regression. The result of this research conclude that  (1) There is positive effect of leadership effectiveness and organization climate to employee performance with coefficient correlation rX1X2Y1  = 0.934 determination correlation 0.873 which showed variance 87.3 %. (2) There is positive effect of leadership effectiveness and organization climate to employee performance in prepare the planning program with coefficient correlation rX1X2Y2 = 0.913 determination correlation 0.833 which showed variance 83.3 %. (3) There is positive effect of leadership effectiveness and organization climate to employee performance in doing the program process with coefficient correlation rX1X2Y3 = 0.894 determination correlation 0.799 which showed variance 79.9 %. (4) There is positive effect of leadership effectiveness and organization climate to employee performance in making evaluation program with coefficient correlation rX1X2Y4  = 0.904 determination correlation 0.817 which showed variance 81.7 %.


For the pressure recovery curve to the low permeability reservoir,formation pressure can not be obtained by using Horner to strike extrapolation pressure.Based on the axis hyperbolic form of Horner equation,a new approach for the application of pressure confirmed by early low permeability reservoir pressure data is identified,by calculation and validation of actual data,the result of formation pressureis accurate and reliable.The problems of low permeability reservoir formation pressure are solved better.


In this paper, the hydrological potential and the challenges in the social, economic, ecological and management context will be addressed. In this case, the model of the Klina river basin in Kosovo has been selected, while the study is based on the quantity, ecological status of running waters, subterranean water and anthropogenic influences that endanger this irreplaceable and resourceful resource. The amount of water differs from country to country, where in many cases water shortages represent the main challenge of contemporary social, economic, ecological developments. Therefore, bad management of water resources presents barriers or obstacles to the development of settlements, industry and agriculture, while on the other hand, it also causes flooding, drought etc. Poor river management is accompanied by severe consequences, while lack of river care and poor management in many cases has caused the frequent flooding of agricultural land and endangering of settlements.


Abstract Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that has a complicated pathophysiology and involves sensory, vasomotor, sudomotor, or motor changes. There are various treatments, but no one option is superior. Previous work has shown that acupuncture alleviates symptoms and decreases pain levels in adult patients with CRPS; however, there is limited information on the effects of acupuncture on pediatric patients with CRPS. The purpose of this case series is to examine acupuncture for pediatric CRPS. A retrospective chart review was performed on 3 patients' charts from 2013 to 2015. Demographics, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), and Brief Pain Inventory results were recorded. Cases: Three pediatric patients with CRPS were referred to a tertiary pediatric pain clinic for acupuncture treatment. Acupuncture treatment was administered for 5–6 weekly sessions. The treatment outcome was evaluated with the NRS and a Brief Pain Inventory. Results: After acupuncture ...


Thirty-three brachiopod species from the Guadalupian Ruteh Limestone of North Iran are here systematically described and illustrated. Brachiopods have been collected bed-by-bed along five stratigraphic sections and in one fossiliferous locality in the region between Dorud and Shirinibad in the Alborz Mountains. Four new species and one new genus are erected in the present paper: Haydenella eminens n. sp. Perigeyerella rutehiana n. sp., Martinia bassa n. sp. and Bisolcatelasma iraniana n. gen. n. sp.
 Quantitative biostratigraphic analysis of the brachiopod data based on the Unitary Association method (Guex, 1991) has lead to the construction of a local sequence of three discrete biozones: the Squamularia sp. B-M. bassa Biozone at the base of the formation, the H. kiangsiensis-N. (N.) asseretoi Biozone in its middle part and the R. exile-R. gemmellaroi Biozone at its top. The latter however has been recognized only in the Shirinabad section.
 As already envisaged for the Carboniferous and Lower Permian brachiopod faunas from North Iran, the Guadalupian fauna is comprised mostly of cosmopolitan taxa, confirming the role of the Iranian microplate as a staging-post for most of the late Palaeozoic. When compared to the younger Lopingian faunas collected in the same regions of North Iran, the Ruteh brachiopods appear significantly different, indicating a marked biotic change in the brachiopod communities across the end-Guadalupian biotic crisis.


The present study focuses on family resilience, exploring adaptation, transformation and growth processes experienced by families undergoing critical situations. To this aim we performed a qualitative research to enlight resilience in six families currently living in San Pedro prison of La Paz (Bolivia) where wives and children are allowed to live with the detainees fathers. Both parents of each family were given a semi-structured interview, pointing at highlighting resilience processes in three main domains: systems of beliefs, patterns of family organization and conflict-solving devices. By implementing 'Grounded Theory' approach in our interpretation of data, we identified both common strategies and specific solutions families adopted to reorganize and rebuild their family life, preserving their social and emotional relationships, assuming new responsibilities and engaging in projects for the future.


A thorough investigation of resistively loaded patches is provided. Comparisons with shorted patches are given such that the advantages and disadvantages of this new form of printed antenna can be established. Terminating a cavity backed shorted patch with a resistive load is also examined in an attempt to improve its impedance behavior. Again, the tradeoffs of using this technology are presented.


We present CYCLOPS, a route planning system for cyclists that allows for intuitive specification of preferences for a route query, and also suggests several alternative route options. It combines three metrics of the underlying road network relevant to cyclists (distance, positive height gain, unsuitability for cycling), to cater for different cycling habits. The CYCLOPS back end is based on state-of-the-art multi-criteria route planning techniques, the front end is realized using the HTML5 Canvas API to provide an intuitive interface for combining metrics in personalized route planning queries and a visualization of the routes found.


An edge cutting apparatus provides a means for edging around pop-up and stationary sprinkler devices and provides a safe and secure means of transporting the components of the apparatus. An edge cutting apparatus can include a cutter handle with a compression collar integrated to a T-shaped cutter handle. The cutter handle having a first end and a second end. The cutter head assembly can be detachably coupled to at least one of the first end and second end of the cutter handle. The cutter head assembly can include a cutter head and a cutter blade having cutter blade teeth. An edge cutting apparatus carrying kit can include a cutter handle, the cutter handle having a T-shape with an compression collar integrated to the cutter handle, and a cutter head assembly comprising a cutter head and a cutter blade. The carrying kit further includes an upper plate having circular indentations to receive the cutter head, and a lower plate having circular indentations equipped to receive the cutter blade.


Wheat contains three different classes of proteinaceous xylanase inhibitors (XIs), i.e. Triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitors (TAXIs) xylanase‐inhibiting proteins (XIPs), and thaumatin‐like xylanase inhibitors (TLXIs) which are believed to act as a defensive barrier against phytopathogenic attack. In the absence of relevant data in wheat kernels, we here examined the response of the different members of the XI protein population to infection with a ΔTri5 mutant of Fusarium graminearum, the wild type of which is one of the most important wheat ear pathogens, in early developing wheat grain. Wheat ears were inoculated at anthesis, analyzed using 2‐D DIGE and multivariate analysis at 5, 15, and 25 days post anthesis (DPA), and compared with control samples. Distinct abundance patterns could be distinguished for different XI forms in response to infection with F. graminearum ΔTri5. Some (iso)forms were up‐regulated, whereas others were down‐regulated. This pathogen‐specific regulation of proteins was mostly visible at five DPA and levelled off in the samples situated further from the inoculation point. Furthermore, it was shown that most identified TAXI‐ and XIP‐type XI (iso)forms significantly increased in abundance from the milky (15 DPA) to the soft dough stages (25 DPA) on a per kernel basis, although the extent of increase differed greatly. Non‐glycosylated XIP forms increased more strongly than their glycosylated counterparts.


Photoaging damages skin tissue via activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and MMP-3 induces activation of MMP-1 and 9. Tempeh is made from fermented soybean in Indonesia and has been known for its high protein content. This study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of peptide extracts from tempeh against photoaging at gene level in UVB-treated mice. Peptide was extracted from soybean and black soybean tempeh, and identified for its amino acid profiling. Photoaging model was made by gradient UVB exposure to seven groups of mice for 4 weeks. Mice were supplemented with 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight dosages of peptide extracts from soybean and black soybean tempeh. Dorsal skin tissue was collected for histology staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This present study found that both tempeh peptide extracts were rich in glutamic acid and branched-chain amino acids. Histology staining showed that tempeh protected mice skin from photoaging. At 100 and 300 mg/kg, both tempeh peptide extracts significantly attenuated MMP-3 gene expression that lead to the decrease level of MMP-1 and MMP-9 gene expression. These results suggest that supplementation of both tempeh peptide extracts may possess anti-photoaging effect via altering MMP-3 gene expression in UVB-treated mice.


In this volume, the fruits of a conference held in Manchester in 2002 to celebrate the 2000th anniversary of the completion of Ovid's erotodidactic poems, a distinguished team of scholars o¶ers a variety of approaches to and new perspectives on the Ars and Remedia. The volume should appeal to undergraduates as well as scholars; either audience will μnd much to stimulate their reading of Ovidian erotodidactic in what is – remarkably – the μrst Anglophone collection of essays devoted exclusively to these poems. Anglophone, but not Anglocentric; the Editors deserve applause for highlighting Italian scholarship on the Ars, and so opening it up to an appreciative undergraduate audience who might not otherwise have encountered it directly. The Editors are also to be praised for encouraging debate even within the volume by including essays which take di¶erent standpoints and so make stimulating, thought-provoking companion pieces. Another welcome aspect is that, by examining the four books of the Ars and Remedia as a whole, the volume treats Ovid's erotic pedagogy as a coherent entity, and thus brings Ovidian didactic into sharper focus. Steven Green's introduction provides useful orientation on contemporary scholarly interest in these texts, and outlines the dominant concerns of this volume, thereafter divided into sections on Poetics, Erotics, Politics and Reception. The inevitable overlap between these sections illustrates the multiplicity of readings to which these complex texts are open. In the section on Poetics, Alison Sharrock adopts the innovative strategy of trying to discern a narrative – a 'love story' – in which the pupil–reader's a¶air is hinted at as the books progress. Catullus and Martial are summoned as witnesses to support Niklas Holzberg's convincing case that Ovid's reply to readers' responses to his poetry at Remedia 361–96 serves to stage a reader response and 'sex up' his work, rather than re·ecting actual contemporary reception. Picking up on Ovid's hint at Ars 3.345 that the female reader of the Ars should broaden her education by taking the Heroides as further reading, Duncan Kennedy's thought-provoking chapter on erotodidaxis and intertextuality explores the lessons to be learned from imitating Ariadne and Phyllis. John Henderson kicks o¶ exploration of Erotics with a well-calculated glance at the bedroom scene at the end of Ars 2, and the issues for the structure and ethos of the poem raised by the apparent equality of male and female at this juncture; the appendix on Ovidian play with numbers o¶ers many suggestive comments of wider poetic signiμcance. Sexual positions are given an explicitly Augustan twist by


Queuing theory is a powerful tool to analyze the flux in network and design the storage system. This article analyzes some problems on designing the receiving buffer of fast Ethernet using queuing theory.It also specifies the capacity of the receiving buffer using some reasonable estimation.


Our interpretation of the information obtainable from a dialogue is beyond that which can be directly derived from the lexical content. Grosz and Sidner (1986) and Hobbs et al (1993) use this in their resprective theories of discourse interpretation where the information expressed in the discourse is modelled using the cognitive states of the discourse participants to capture the processing of this unstated information. These two approaches are analysed and compared in the context of discourse analysis using beliefs and intentions.


The design of bridge is the key to manufacture eddy current detector.It affects sensitivity,reliability,and stability of the whole detection system.A new bridge was designed for improving the output,making amplification and subsequent processing easy.Thus,avoid the situation that common output is difficult to enlarge to what we need.Auxiliary leg impact on the sensitivity and output of the bridge is obtained through simulation and analysis.The objective of the analysis is to provide a reference for the choosing auxiliary leg under different requirements.


I N'1' )0DUCT0;1'ORY. IN beglinlillnnn these lectures I crave permission to strike a personal niote. -It happens to be, jtust fifty years since I entered oin tile study of miiedicine at thle ol0( C(ollege of (Glasglow. rTje palnemnic of small-pox wlhich lhad stactedl before, but was greatly favoured by the Franco-Pru-SSiiui war, reaclhed Glasaow iu 1871. At first soiic cases of theo disease were treated in thle Fever Houtse of tlhe Royal Infirmary, so that students had opportunity of secil( smnall-pox in the -wards, though spread of inifection am`o0n1f patients soon, Xc,aused its excluisioni In 1873-74 the epidcli reaclhed the town of Kilmarnock in Ayrsliire, where I biadl just begun practice and whliei-c tlhe outbrealk eol( w;atched froml beginning to ed(l. A few y<.rs later lily initerest was stimiiulated by tl e discovery oi; a local reg,,i t r of inortality covering the periocd 1728 to 1764. PabliL'1tionI of the facts as to the ravages of small-pox revealed in tllis reCord led to fatr'tlher disecLssioni of the whole sulhJie-t, which again resulted in nim givingc lengtlhy evidence beforn, tle Royal Commission oln Vaccination. Also, as Medical Officer of Healtlh for Kilmarnock and subsequently for thec (i couniities of Stirling and Dnubarton, various opportun ities of dcealing withl tlhe disease, especially froiii tlle preventive and administrative sides, fell to my lot, and niowv my thanks are (dule to the Royal College of T)liysi-la1iians ]r givill mlic the opportulnity, th"rouigh tile -Iiloy Lectt-1silip, of endeavouring t3 111 ill) tile Op)inionls o eouelllisions wliichi h(-ave formlle(d theileclves ll lily mind in thel course of thie e lifty ye1ars. It will be conivenicnit to troat tile subjeo t ill tliree ,scwtions: