Ferrous ions and xylenol orange dissolved in sulfuric acid (FX) is a common radiochromic chemical dosimeter for water‐equivalent dosimetry. The versatility of this reaction is extended by using it to readout dose deposited in materials that are soluble in FX. Sucrose has been used as a tissue‐equivalent dosimeter with electron spin resonance readout. In this work, doses recorded in sucrose are measured by dissolving the sugar into FX and recording the change in transmission at 590 nm. Conventional transmission measurements with a UV‐VIS absorption spectrometer and 10 cm cuvettes, determined a dose response of approximately 0.02 cm−1 Gy−1 with 10% sucrose‐FX solutions. Fructose, propylene glycol and water had lower but measurable dose sensitivities. Long liquid waveguides were investigated as a means to increase the transmission measurement sensitivity. Hydrophobic Teflon® FEP tubing and hydrophilic thin‐walled glass capillary tubing were both investigated. The Teflon® tubing was unsuitable to due large changes in transmission with time. This phenomenon was attributed to a lack of surface wetting by the aqueous solutions. The glass capillary waveguide provided stable transmission measurements. A linear response was measured with 0.4 g sucrose samples from 0.5 to 3 Gy with a 60 cm long glass tube. Optimizing the measurement conditions will allow measurement of 0.1 g sucrose samples to a minimum dose of approximately 0.1 Gy. Sucrose with optical readout is a simple and inexpensive dosimetry system.


The Darbut tectono‐magmatic zone in the West Junggar terrane (NW China) is an important component of the famous Circum‐Balkhash‐West Junggar metallogenic province. In this region, the discovery of some small but high‐quality Cu–Au deposits/prospects indicate substantial exploration potential for large porphyry Cu–Au deposits, for example, those in the neighbouring Kazakhstan. In this contribution, we concluded that the Dulunhe granite and small ore‐bearing granitoids in Baogutu are adakitic petrogenesis, and the Buerkesitai and Tasikuola granites (formed by magma mixing) are well comparable with the Xiaerpu granite. In summary, granitoids with similar petrogenesis and mineralization are distributed on both sides of the Darbut fault zone and show good correlations with the sinistral movement of the latter. We propose that the porphyry Cu–Mo–Au mineralization potential of the small calc‐alkaline I‐type granitic stocks in southern West Junggar region is significantly higher than that of alkaline A‐type large granitic batholiths. Besides, the magma mixing‐derived and adakitic granites have great prospecting potentialities. We argue that the Cu–Mo–Au mineralization in the Darbut tectono‐magmatic zone was originally E‐W trending, and then displaced by the Darbut sinistral strike‐slip faulting, instead of being controlled by NE‐NNE trending faults. The main regional mineralization pattern comprises a northern magmatic‐hydrothermal Au belt (~318 Ma), a middle porphyry Mo belt (~296 Ma), and a southern adakite and magma mixing granite‐related Cu–Au belt (~313 Ma). We infer that the Bieluagaxi Au belt may continue eastward to east of Sartohay.


The physical and chemical properties and employing properties of asphalt are not only connected with the relative content of asphaltene, maltene or chemical make-ups, but also determined by the states of colloidal solution which is formed by asphaltene melting into maltene to great extent. The colloidal states of several kinds of regenerated asphalt were evaluated by methods of penetration index and colloid instable index (I_c) from different angles, and their anti-aging property and sensitive-temperature property were studied meanwhile. As a result, the regenerated asphalt from Shenda, Shentie express way belongs to collidal sol-colloidal gel asphalt; the regenerated asphalt from Beihuan, Shenben and Shenben-quanceng express way belongs to simple viscosity collidal sol asphalt. The colloidal stability sequence of five kinds of regenerated asphalt is Shentie, Shenda, Beihuan, Shenben-quanceng, Shenben.


Methoxyfenozide is an insect growth disruptor belonging to the class of nonsteroidal ecdysone agonists. In the present study, methoxyfenozide (23% emulsifiable concentrate) is evaluated against newly molted fourth‐instar larvae of Culex pipiens L. and Culiseta longiareolata Macquart (Diptera: Culicidae), aiming to investigate its possible effects on growth and development. Larvae are exposed for 24 h under standard laboratory conditions in accordance with World Health Organization recommendations. The product is found to exhibit insecticidal activity against the two tested mosquito species with a concentration–response relationship. Moreover, based on the lethal concentrations determined, methoxyfenozide is slightly more toxic against C. pipiens than C. longiareolata. Furthermore, fourth‐instar larva of the two mosquito species are treated using two lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) of methoxyfenozide, and then individual survivals (larvae, pupae and adults) from larval treatment are subjected to a biometrical and biochemical study. The compound is found to interfere with growth by reducing the larval and pupal development duration. Moreover, the body volume and the main biochemical contents (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) from different stages are affected. The overall results suggest that the ecdysone agonist under investigation interferes with the development process and has potential for mosquito control.


For many years, monitoring in the intensive care unit was limited to clinical examination, heart rate, and blood pressure. In 1970, the Swan-Ganz pulmonary artery catheter was introduced, and the specialty of critical care medicine was born. For the first time, clinicians could guide therapy based on physiologic parameters. In the neurologic intensive care unit, monitoring has also been limited to the clinical exam and intracranial pressure. In the 1980s, much was learned about the importance of the cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebrovascular autoregulation. In the 1990s, the concept of "multimodal monitoring" was introduced—namely, cerebral blood flow monitoring, brain tissue oxygenation, and intracerebral microdialysis. Multimodal monitoring to assess metabolic function provides the neurointensivist with crucial information at the cellular level. This information can be used to detect potentially reversible secondary insults and to target therapy more precisely.


The common mechanical part library which is designed based on the method of further development of SOLIDWORKS through programming with Visual Basic 6.0 is introduced. The common parts and the standard parts can be modeled automatically and parametrically, the function of SOLIDWORKS is extended and the efficiency of three-dimensional modeling of mechanical parts can be greatly improved with this software.


In the next years the market for low value online content, like music and videos, is expected to grow substantially. To allow "pay-per-use" of such content, micropayment systems are expected to play an important role. Since there are already many competing micropayment systems on the market, customers and merchants are forced to use multiple systems. To overcome the problems associated with using multiple systems, the research presented in this paper builds upon the idea of payment gateways that interconnect these systems. We introduce a generally applicable interconnection method such that the interconnection of these systems can be easily realized in a systematic way. This approach consists of (de)enhancing the existing micropayment services towards a uniform service level before the interconnection takes place. This paper presents the main functional characteristics of existing payment systems, and proposes modification strategies for existing micropayment systems to provide the uniform payment service. The modifications are required before the interconnection can take place.


Terahertz radiation (THzR) consists of electromagnetic waves within the band of frequencies from 0.3 to 3 terahertz with the wavelengths of radiation in the range from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, respectively. The technology for generating and manipulating THzR is still in its initial stage. Herein, we demonstrate that the wrinkled Si1–xGex/Si1–yGey films can be used as radiation sources, which emit electromagnetic waves (EMW) in a very wide range of the frequencies including the terahertz band from 0.3 to 3 THz and far IR from 3 THz to 20 THz. These findings provide the theoretical foundation for the wrinkled nanofilm radiation emission and may allow, to some extent, to fill the terahertz gap.


On the base of discussing the current problems and a brief introduction of rough set theory and data mining technology,the procedures which adopt data mining technology are put forward,taking university student's grades as an example.


Relative humidity is an important parameter. The detection and control of humidity is of great significance for agriculture, new material development, biological research and protection, health services and other industrial and agricultural production. In this paper, a micro-nano photonic crystal fiber humidity sensor with U-shaped structure is proposed. Due to its probe structure, this structure can more conveniently realize the detection work. The experiment shows that this kind of optical sensor has good linearity in the humidity range of 42–62[Formula: see text]RH%, and can realize the humidity sensing of 27.62[Formula: see text]pm/RH%. The detection range of this kind of sensor is relatively wide, and can realize the optical fiber sensing in a larger humidity range.


Practicality of lithium-sulfur batteries is severely hindered by the notorious polysulfide-shuttle phenomenon, leading to rapid capacity fade. This issue is aggravated with increase in sulfur loading, causing low-coulombic efficiency and cycle life. Herein, we present a facile strategy to combine hydrophobic sulfur and hydrophilic, conductive Ti3C2Tz-MXene via one-step surface functionalization using di(hydrogenated tallow) benzylmethyl ammonium chloride (DHT). The latter renders the Ti3C2Tz
 surface hydrophobic, making it readily dispersible in sulfur dissolved in a carbon disulfide (CS2) solvent. By evaporating the solvent, we conformally coat the DHT-Ti3C2Tz (DMX) with sulfur. The developed composite, with higher available active area, enables effective trapping of lithium polysulfides (LiPs) on the electroactive sites within the cathode, leading to improvement in electrochemical performance at higher sulfur loadings. The DMX/S cathodes function with high sulfur loading of ∼10.7 mg·cm−2 and deliver a stable areal capacity of ∼7 mAh·cm−2 for 150 cycles in the standard ether electrolyte. Moreover, a DMX/S cathode in a pouch-cell configuration retains ∼770 mAh·g−1 after ∼200 cycles at 0.2C (85.5% retention). Postmortem spectroscopic studies elucidate the nature of the LiPs-MXene interaction and the effect of surface functionalization towards improved performance. To further demonstrate the applicability of such uniquely functionalized MXene sheets, we study them as a host to confine sulfur (S8) triggering a quasi-solid state redox mechanism enabling the use of commercialization-friendly carbonate electrolyte in metal-sulfur batteries. We demonstrate that the multilayer MXene structure provides tunable spacing for S8 confinement and its unique interlayer spacing prevents adverse polysulfide-carbonate reactions resulting in stable battery cycling.


The proposed idea can be applied to nonlinear control systems designed by the exact linearization approach. The stochastic change of the performance against single sensor failures in each sensor set needs further theoretical study, while it has already been confirmed by a number of numerical simulation.


In July, 1951, the Committee on Veterans Affairs of the American Psychiatric Association initiated a study of the mental hygiene clinics of the Veterans Administration. The purposes were to describe and publicize this large group of clinics, to appraise their effectiveness in rendering service to the psychiatrically disabled veteran, and to utilize the data for discussion of the trends within this group of clinics and, because of their large number and distribution in this country, for a commentary on modern American psychiatric outpatient care. There are four types of clinics represented: (1) a regional clinic, which operates from the regional branch office of the Veterans Administration and which provides psychiatric service to 51 areas demarcated in this country by the VA for organizational and administrative purposes; (2) a hospital clinic, which operates in the outpatient department of a veterans hospital, usually a neuropsychiatric specialty hospital; (3) a traveling clinic; and


The only child in a family has often been considered to have personality traits peculiar to him. There are children who have found loneliness to be advantageous, others who have felt discriminated against by their parents because there were no siblings. This book is aimed at persons who, like the latter, view an only child as being especially unique. At first glance it seems to be devoted to an appraisal of the child, his development, behavior, peculiarities and problems.


It fills me with a sense of pride when I think about working with another physician to either complement the care of my patient or obtain services I cannot perform. Let's face it, we are not capable of doing everything for our patients and thus we have to seek the guidance of those who are better at specific skills. We as a profession need to have our pulse on what other physicians are providing for our patients. This is the essence of comanaging our patient—it is not a financial agreement, it is a "what's in your patients best interest" agreement.


The Nation`s economy is dependent on the success of mining operations. Mining is the basic industry that extracts minerals, or processes them largely. Because of recent energy crises, for example, the production of coal and its processing for power generation has been taken on a renewal importance. The impacts of mining operation are complex and need extreme care to be taken on long term basis. The safer mining enterprise provides higher productivity.Unless there is a common understanding of terms, there can be considerable confusion in transmitting information and knowledge. This can be particularly vexing in the understanding of safety literature in which such terms as "injury" and "accident" are often used interchangeably. Furthermore, definitions of accidents and hazards adopted for classification purposes may not be detailed enough to use as a basis for hazard control.


The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to measure the life satisfaction of after-school classes. For this purpose, utilizing the theoretical background and the findings of previous studies, 147 questions from eight factors were selected for the 1st draft and 67 questions were selected for the 2nd draft by reviewing the validity of the contents after consulting with eleven professionals. A preparatory survey and factor analysis was then conducted using 291 people and a total of 32 questions were extracted from four sub-factors. Exploratory factor analysis by principal component analysis was conducted and orthogonal rotation was conducted by means of the VARIMAX method. The reliability of the class environment, operation management, program and teacher relationship sector were found to be very high. It is suggested that this study can be of great benefit in developing a child-centered scale and it's reliability was also found to be high.


From the viewpoint of reducing the ecologically unfavorable sulfur and aromatics in petroleum fuels, the effects of hydrodesulfurization process s parameters, on chemical and physical characteristics of gas oils have been investigated. The tests have been performed at the experimental reactor "Andreas Hofer", within the temperature range from 320 to 380 °C, with H2/HC ratio of 200 and 300, with a constant space velocity of 1 1/h and a 40 bars pressure. The results show that the increase in the severity of process s conditions has had a favorable impact on hydrodesulfurization degree. At maximum process severity: temperature of 380 °C and H2/HC ratio of 300, sulfur redaction of 97.6 % for feedstock A and 97.5 % for feedstock B with regard to its content in the initial feed has been achieved. Chemical changes, monitored the use of the n-d-M method, have shown an increased share of paraffinic carbon (% CP), with a simultaneous reduction in the share of naphthenic (% CN) and cyclic (% CR) carbon. Also, reduction in the share of aromatic carbon (% CA) in the products, with regard to the feed applied, has been observed at lower process temperatures, which may be explained by the exothermal character of aromatic hydrogenation reactions. Increased content of aromatic carbon at higher process temperature s, especially at the temperature of 380 °C (% CA=21.00 for a 300 ratio) is associated with the favorable impact of temperature on endothermal reactions of naphthene dehydrogenation, generating aromatics. Performed analyses of the products' physical properties (density, viscosity, refractive index, molecular weight) have shown the expected reduction in the values of these properties with the increase of process severity. The effects of independent variables, calculated the use of 22 factorial designs, show the greatest effect of temperature on the products chemical and physical characteristics.


The objective of this thesis is to develop a general methodology to incorporate a disaggregate demand representation in supply-oriented optimization problems that allows to capture the interplay between the behavior of individuals and the decisions to be optimized. To this end, we propose a modeling framework for the integration of discrete choice models (DCM) in mixed-integer linear problems (MILP), and we show that it is both flexible and operational on realistic instances. In particular, we develop algorithms to enhance the tractability of the framework, and we illustrate its applicability with two relevant optimization problems that arise in a great deal of contexts. The demand functions generated from DCM are highly non-linear and non-convex, and are not always available in closed form. In this thesis, we avoid the use of such functions by specifying the preference structure of DCM directly in terms of the related structural equations (utility functions). We rely on simulation in order to handle the probabilistic nature of these equations by drawing from the distribution of the associated random component. This yields a mixed-integer linear set of constraints that can be embedded in any MILP formulation. The only requirement is that the decisions to be optimized that are also explanatory variables of the DCM, and therefore capture the interactions, appear linearly in the structural equations. The disaggregate nature of DCM, together with the associated simulation-based linearization, comes with a high computational complexity. Motivated by the decomposable structure of the framework along the two dimensions it is built on, the individuals and the simulation draws, we characterize a Lagrangian decomposition scheme that enables to solve larger instances, at least approximatively. Indeed, the performed tests show that near-optimal solutions are obtained in a much reduced computational time (by running only 10% of the computational time used by the exact method). The framework is sufficiently general to accommodate a wide variety of relevant optimization problems. The main strength is that the DCM does not need to be tailored to the formulation, i.e., it can be taken as such from the literature. In particular, it does not have to be a DCM that relies on simplistic assumptions, such as the logit model, and more advanced DCM such as mixtures of logit models can be integrated. In this thesis, we consider and solve two problems in order to illustrate the versatility of the framework, namely operator-centric profit maximization and traveler-centric design of a


Labor market rigidities are commonly believed to be a major reason for imposing trade impediments. In this paper, I introduce labor market rigidities (such as influential trade unions and high unemployment benefits), that are prevalent in continental European countries, into the well-known Grossman and Helpman (1994) protection for sale model, which has emerged as the leading model in the political economy of trade protection literature. I show that contrary to commonly held views, these labor market rigidities do not necessarily increase equilibrium trade protection. A testable equilibrium trade protection equation is also derived. The findings in this paper are hence particularly relevant for empirical tests of trade policy determinants in economies with more regulated labor markets.


The invention relates to textile or surface treatment agent containing at least one fragrance and at least one OH-containing Esterquat of the general formula (I) [N The invention also relates to the use of the textile or surface treatment agent for prolonging the scent perception of detergents or cleaners, fabric softeners or solid surfaces treated with these agents and to methods for their preparation.


The lack of learning atmosphere and motivation is always a problem in vocational schools' teaching management.This paper tries to analyze the problem from the angle of negative function of school education,in retrospect of negative effect of educational function on learning motivation due to the overemphasis on the student-role in vocational schools.Whereas,the concept of the cultivation of career development-based learning motivation is proposed here,which starts with creating the role of career man in stead of the student-role consciousness,so as to arouse the intrinsic learning motivation of students through the career education and planning,by which the learning identity,confidence,initiative and sustainability can be promoted and improved.


Recently published studies suggested that digoxin may increase mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, in the vast majority of former trials serum digoxin concentration (SDC) was not measured and therapy was not SDC‐guided.


Clinical efficacy of periodontal treatment modality on the circulating biomarkers and cholesterol among a sample of Jordanian patients with advanced periodontitis


Conventional warm-air-drying-systems for maize dehydration are technical widely well-engineered. The current objective in practice is to maximise the dehydration achievement at minimal cost. Regarding this, the Department for Agrartechnik of University of Gottingen, the Fachhochschule Sudwestfalen and the Institute of transfer of technology and knowledge in the county of Soest analysed how processes of maize dehydration can be optimised with a combination of warm-air-dehydration and microwave application. The outcomes of laboratory tests in a pilot plant scale show under which circumstances a combined dehydration is procedural reasonable.


In order to reduce influence on early warning results caused by the system error in the early warning system,the calibration to the instrument must be carried on. So it is necessary to discuss the line of sight measuring error farther. This article theoretically discussed the sight error influence on early warning results,including trajectory launch point,trajectory course,and trajectory falling point,and found that the most important influence factor was frequency change. Based on the constant error,linearity error and periodicity error,the corresponding simulation was given to provide the support for the geometry calibration plan.


Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a bleeding disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia, which is related to an autoimmune process. ITP is considered a diagnosis of excl...


This study examines the close relationship between trust and global business negotiations. Kristen Blankley(2010) pointed out three level of trust impacting each negotiation stage: calculus-, knowledge-, identification-based trust. In this regard, the present study examines the relationship between each level of trust and the process of business negotiations by focusing on Canadians and Koreans who had business negotiation experience with Chinese counterparts. For Canadian respondents, calculus-based trust and identification-based trust didn"t have significant effects on the negotiation atmosphere, whereas they did for Korean respondents. For Canadian respondents, knowledge-based trust had the greatest effect on each step of the business negotiation process.


viii ix Acknowledgements I am deeply grateful to my thesis supervisor Dieter Lüst, who offered me the possibility to do my doctoral thesis under his supervision. After supporting me as a diploma student and gently introducing me into the exciting field of fundamental research, he then offered me a position as PhD fellow, where I could further benefit from his fantastic group and chair members. There and only there, I tasted for the first time real physics which has dramatically influenced my philosophy of life. Moreover, I express my deepest thanks to the person with whom I worked very closely all this time – Stephan Stieberger. He guided me into the subject of string amplitudes and their fascinating relations to number theory and modular functions. We spent hundreds of hours together struggling about problems and their solutions. It is him who taught me what hard work and perseverance really means. Further, I sincerely thank Tom Taylor, the person who knows best my work, beyond Dieter and Stephan. I also thank him for his kindness of having written me recommendation letters for my applications. I am glad to have had the opportunity to meet him here in Munich. I am glad to thank Danilo Diaz for his many delightful mathematical explanations and remarks. During my stay in Berlin he supported enthusiastically my approach to string theory accompanied by funny and useful anecdotes. I am also grateful I had the chance to be a visitor since beginning of 2006 in the group of Elias Kiritsis, at Ecole Polytechnique in Paris. It was for me a very good and intense time. I thank Waldemar Schulgin and Daniel Krefl for investing many laborious hours in my PhD thesis while printing and binding it. I thank Matteo Cardela for many discussions mainly focused on themes concerning the opposite sex.


The AZUR apparatus is intended to control the insulating resistance in mine networks with an isolated star centre. The indication of the measured insulating resistance is realised by a pointer meter with a reversed nonlinear scale, which makes it difficult to read. The methodology for the development of an analogue converter is considered here, which linearises the non-linear characteristic current-resistance and, together with a light indicator, the device allows for more accurate and easy reading. An analysis of the error and the measurement range is made.


Spatial patterns of N dynamics in soil were evaluated within two small forested watersheds in Japan. These two watersheds were characterized by steep slopes (>30°) and high stream NO -∼3 drainage rates (8.4 to 25.1 kg N ha -1 yr -1 ) that were greater than bulk precipitation N input rates (7.5 to 13.5 kg N ha -1 yr -1 ). Higher rates of nitrification potential at near-stream zones were reflected in greater NO -∼3 contents for soil at the near-stream zones compared with ridge zones. Both stream discharge rates and NO -∼3 concentrations in deep unsaturated soil at the near-stream zones were positively correlated to NO -∼3 concentrations in stream water. These relationships, together with high soil NO -∼3 contents at the near-stream zones, suggest that the near-stream zone was an important source of NO -∼3 to stream water. Nitrate flux from these near-stream zones was also related to the drainage of cations (K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ). The steep slope of the watersheds resulted in small saturated areas that contributed to the high NO -∼3 production (high nitrification rates) in the near-stream zone.


An elutriation particle separator is described which provides an inexpensive, efficient, and accurate method of obtaining from an original mixed sample sizable fractions of particles with diameters within preselected size ranges. Preliminary results for three size ranges between 10 and 100 μ are presented, together with proposed modifications (including a connected series of separators) for more efficient operation.


Infrared absorption spectroscopy is used to study conduction electron intersubband transitions between the ground and first excited states in a Si-doped ${\mathrm{Al}}_{0.3}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.7}$As/GaAs quantum well. A line-shape calculation is presented for the absorption coefficient as a function of the incident photon energy for different values of T and ${\mathit{n}}_{2\mathrm{D}}$ (where 2D is two dimensional). Good agreement between the numerical results and the experimental data is achieved. The measured blueshift or redshift of the peak position is quantitatively reproduced as T or ${\mathit{n}}_{2\mathrm{D}}$ is reduced, respectively. In the theory, the quasiparticle eigenstates are obtained using a self-consistent Hartree potential and a z-dependent effective mass and nonparabolic energy dispersion. The screened exchange interaction is calculated based on the Hartree self-consistent wave functions and the Thomas-Fermi screening model, and is found to play a crucial role in the T and ${\mathit{n}}_{2\mathrm{D}}$ dependence. The many-body theory includes the depolarization shift from a collective dipole moment and the excitonic shift from the vertex correction.


Australian Acacia plant species invade the fynbos biome of southern Africa and threaten the exceptionally high plant diversity in the Cape Floristic Region. We examine the utility of very-high spatial resolution (0.5 m) colour infrared (CIR) digital image data for discriminating Acacia species from native fynbos vegetation, other alien vegetation and bare ground. Image data were acquired at a very low cost with a single-chip, digital CIR camera mounted on a light aircraft. Shrub and tree features were uniquely identified using visual or computer-assisted interpretation. However, increases in dynamic range and accuracy of interpolation schemes for the single chip sensor will be required if semi-automatic and accurate mapping of invasive plants is to be achieved.


Jacket is an important flow passage component of excavating pump,and it requires better wear resistance and higher hardness,especially for the large high chromium cast jacket.According to composition designing and process control,the largest high chromium cast jacket in the history of our company has been produced successfully


Mixing by chaotic advection within an oscillating drop is investigated by means of an elementary model (Hill's spherical vortex). The drop remains spherical and the velocity field within the drop is assumed to rotate around a radial axis, in a periodical manner. Poincare sections in the vicinity of fixed points are obtained asymptotically in the limit of small amplitude oscillations, and show that the trajectory of elliptic points undergoes a resonant mechanism. The flow inside the drop can display Lagrangian chaos when the drop oscillates. In particular, tracers located near the boundary of the drop are observed to contaminate the whole drop within a few periods.


Poster: "ECR 2015 / B-0061 / Long-term results after EVAR: aorto-monoiliac configuration increases the risk of complications and aneurysm-related death" by: "A. M. Morales Vargas, G. Garzon Moll, M. Marti De Gracia; Madrid/ES"


Credit authorization is a critical step for banks as well as every bank's main source of revenue is its line of credit. Thus, banks can profit from the loan interest they approve. Profitability or lost opportunity of a bank is highly dependent on loans that are whether consumers repay the debt or refuse. Loan collection is a significant factor in a bank's economic results. Forecasting the customer's ability to repay the loan in order to determine whether it should authorize or deny loan documents is a significant undertaking and a critical method in data analytics is being utilized to investigate the problem of loan default prediction: On the premise of assessment, the Logistic-Regression Classification Model, Random-Forest Classifier and Decision Tree Classification Models are compared. The mentioned classification algorithms were created as well as subsequently various evaluation metrics were obtained. By utilizing a suitable strategy, the appropriate clients for loan providing may be simply identified by assessing their probability of non-performing loans. This indicates that a bank really shouldn't simply prioritize wealthy consumers when giving loans, but it should also consider a client's other characteristics. This approach is critical in making credit judgments and forecasting default risk.


Most of the traditional intrusion detection systems based on misuse detection method use simple pattern match or improved simple pattern technology to detect the intrusion. There are some problems in the intrusion detection method used pattern match such as the large amount of data needed matching,the high rates of false positives and omissions. The paper focuses on research topics of the algorithm and architecture of a new intrusion detection technology. It describes a general intrusion detection algorithm based on protocol analysis tree and a parallel processing intrusion detection architecture of Multi-Agent cooperative work based on the former algorithm. It analyzed performance of the method,and in theory it has proved its high speed in the detection and meeting to the need of Next Generation Network.


Financial instruments indexed to the general price level are of great potential use to borrowers and lenders alike. But up until recently, they have been relatively scarce – in part because private borrowers dislike offering protection against inflation that they do not control. Since the early 1980s, several developed-country governments have begun issuing price-level-linked bonds, and these bonds now constitute a large share of some countries' total debt issue. This study argues that Canada's federal government, which began issuing real-return bonds (RRBs) in 1991, should issue more RRBs of more types than it currently plans to do. Issuing more RRBs would not only better satisfy existing demand from investors, it has the potential to spur the development of other price-indexed instruments. Experience elsewhere suggests that more federal RRBs could encourage other entities to issue price-indexed debt, and would let intermediaries provide such products as inflation-linked annuities, thus providing more Canadian savers with protection against intentional or accidental inflation.


This paper analyzes statistical distribution of instantaneous power in pulse-shaped single-carrier (SC) modulation. Such knowledge is of significant importance to estimate several concerns associated with the non-linearity of power amplifiers, e.g., required back-off level or clipping distortion in amplified signals. However, existing works often rely on Monte-Carlo simulations, since analytical derivation of the statistical distribution of SC signals is a complex problem involving combined dependency of a constellation format and a pulse shape. In this paper, we tackle this problem and propose a new efficient analytical method by using the approximation of infinite number constellation points. Tight upper bounds for high-order pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) can be calculated from the proposed method.


A slightly dryer than normal year yielded flows in Lake Roosevelt that were essentially equal to the past ten year average. Annual mean inflow and outflow were 3,160.3 m3/s and 3,063.4 m3/s respectively. Mean reservoir elevation was 387.2 m above sea level at the Grand Coulee Dam forebay. The forebay elevation was below the mean elevation for a total of 168 days. During the first half of the 2000 forebay elevation changed at a rate of 0.121 m/d and during the last half changed at a rate of 0.208 m/d. The higher rate of elevation change earlier in the year is due to the drawdown to accommodate spring runoff. Mean annual water retention time was 40 days. Annual mean total dissolved gas was 108%. Total dissolved gas was greatest at upriver locations (110% = US/Canada Border annual mean) and decreased moving toward Grand Coulee Dam (106% = Grand Coulee Dam Forebay annual mean). Total dissolved gas was greatest in May (122% reservoir wide monthly mean). Gas bubble trauma was observed in 16 fish primarily largescale suckers and was low in severity. Reservoir wide mean temperatures were greatest in August (19.5 C) and lowest in January (5.5 C). The Spokane Rivermore » and Sanpoil River Arms experienced higher temperatures than the mainstem reservoir. Brief stratification was observed at the Sanpoil River shore location in July. Warm water temperatures in the Spokane Arm contributed to low dissolved oxygen concentrations in August (2.6 mg/L at 33 m). However, decomposition of summer algal biomass was likely the main cause of depressed dissolved oxygen concentrations. Otherwise, dissolved oxygen profiles were relatively uniform throughout the water column across other sampling locations. Annual mean Secchi depth throughout the reservoir was 5.7 m. Nutrient concentrations were generally low, however, annual mean total phosphorus (0.016 mg/L) was in the mesotrophic range. Annual mean total nitrogen was in the meso-oligotrophic range. Total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratios were large (31:1 annual mean) likely indicating phosphorus limitations to phytoplankton.« less


Study Design A single-center retrospective study. Purpose To research the predictive factors associated with postoperative patient satisfaction 1 year after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF), a minimally invasive procedure for lumbar degenerative disease. Overview of Literature There have been reports of numerous variables influencing patient satisfaction with lumbar surgery; however, there have been few investigations on MIS are limited. Methods This study included 229 patients (107 men and 122 women; mean age, 68.9 years) who received one or two levels of MIS-TLIF, and the patient's age, gender, disease, paralysis, preoperative physical functions, duration of symptom(s), and surgery-associated factors (waiting for surgery, number of surgical levels, surgical time, and intraoperative blood loss) were studied. Radiographic characteristics and clinical outcomes such as Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores and Visual Analog Scale (VAS; 0–100) ODI scores for low back pain, leg pain, and numbness were studied. One year following surgery, patient satisfaction (defined as satisfaction for surgery and for present condition; 0–100) was assessed using VAS and its relationships with investigation factors were examined. Results The mean VAS scores of satisfaction for surgery and for present condition were 88.6 and 84.2, respectively. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that preoperative adverse factors of satisfaction for surgery were being elderly (β=−0.17, p=0.023), high preoperative low back pain VAS scores (β=−0.15, p=0.020), and postoperative adverse factors were high postoperative ODI scores (β=−0.43, p<0.001). In addition, the preoperative adverse factor of satisfaction for present condition was high preoperative low back pain VAS scores (β=−0.21, p=0.002), and postoperative adverse factors were high postoperative ODI scores (β=−0.45, p<0.001) and high postoperative low back pain VAS scores (β=−0.26, p=0.001). Conclusions According to this study, significant preoperative low back pain and high postoperative ODI score after surgery are linked to patient unhappiness.


Traditional philosophy of religion has tended to focus on the doxastic dimension of religious life, which although a vitally important area of research, has often come at the cost of philosophical engagements with religious practice. Focusing particularly on Christian traditions, this essay offers a sustained reflection on one particular model of embodied Christian practice as presented in the work of Søren Kierkegaard. After a discussion of different notions of practice and perfection, the paper turns to Kierkegaard's conception of the two churches: the Church Triumphant and the Church Militant. Then, in light of Kierkegaard's defense of the latter and critique of the former, it is shown that Kierkegaard's specific account gets appropriated and expanded in Dietrich Bonhoeffer's account of "costly grace" and "religionless Christianity," and Simone Weil's conception of "afflicted love." Ultimately, it is suggested that these three thinkers jointly present a notion of "militant liturgies" that offers critical and constructive resources for contemporary philosophy of religion.


This article provides a critical analysis from the viewpoint of social anthropology of the different theoretic approaches that also set the tone of current debates on immigration in Europe and elsewhere. We begin by retracing the models developed and popularized since the 1960s to discuss the integration theory and Marxist reflections on the rise of class consciousness in immigrants. The article illustrates the paradigm shift that occurred in the 1990s that takes into account the role of the immigrants' culture in their society of origin, whereby immigrants appear to act in conformity with two cultural systems of reference, i.e., of their society of origin and of the society of residence. This theoretical model highlights the transnational aspect of migration phenomena. In this article, we analyze the social organization of transnationalism starting from two fundamental types of aggregation: diasporas and social networks. The centuries-old Chinese immigration in Malaysia provides evidence that diaspora and social networks are not opposite forms of social organization, but rather coexisting and interacting ones. By means of an historical perspective, we will show that the social networks of the Chinese in Malaysia gradually became a national diaspora in which not only economically but also politically powerful clan-like social networks are still in action.


In this paper,the random early detection(RED) congestion control algorithms for active queue management are investigated.The performance of RED on different conditions of network and parameters are analyzed based on simulations.The response time of system shows sluggish in the simulation results.Therefore classical control system theories are taken into account in the discussion of performance improvement of RED.


ABSTRACT I examine experiences of former Australian schoolgirls in relation to mathematics during secondary school. This research scrutinises misunderstandings about success and impact on subject choice that can result in post-schooling trajectories that limit what girls can do in their lives beyond school. I examine ways affective relationality, as a sense of embodied belonging, may influence participation in subjects. I frame the discussion using the Baradian concept of intra-action, a co-production that engages an ethic of non-coincidence. For these participants, a reductive high-stakes testing environment and aspirations to become a master subject evoke a powerful not good enough assemblage. The responsibility to achieve enough success incites a soliciting of a particular self in affective regulation. The dread of not excelling in mathematics was often too much to endure thus participants chose to discontinue studying mathematics. They understood this as a sensible solution to prevent vulnerability, as not good enough.


Pea (Pisum sativum L.) occupies a prominent place in the vegetable cultivars in India. Powdery mildew disease on pea (Pisum sativum L.) incited by fungus Erysiphe polygoni DC is an important limiting factor in pea cultivation in Marathwada region of Maharashtra state. In the integrated disease management trial application of different bioagents showed reduced disease severity. The disease severity ranges 13.84 to 27.68 per cent. Treatment Trichoderma hamatum was most effective followed by Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescences. In Chemical management experiment the fungicide Bayleton (0.05 %) showed significantly lowest disease severity (15.93 %) with maximum (26.87 %) disease control. On the basis of effectiveness in controlling the powdery mildew disease of pea the most effective fungicide recorded in the order of merit were Bayleton (0.01 %), Tridomorph (0.05 %) and Dinocap (0.05%).


A special chemical enterprises successfully accomplished the 2nd round cleaner production audit to meet the demand from the internal enterprises and external pressure.Summing up the 2nd round cleaner production audit practice,we found that we could hold the procedure continuous promotion on the clean production audit with depth summing the work of the 1st round cleaner production audit,again planning the work of the 2nd round cleaner production audit,selective completing the balance of the 2nd round cleaner production audit,strongly accomplishing the program of the 2nd round cleaner production audit.In addition,to promote the continue process of the 2nd round cleaner production audit,we should pay more attention in the difference between the 1st round and the 2nd round cleaner production audit,and give full play to the enthusiasm of the staff to the extensive collection rationalization proposals.


To evaluate comparative outcomes of gallbladder extraction with bag versus direct extraction in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

 A systematic online search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane database, The Virtual Health Library, Clinical trials.gov and Science Direct. Comparative studies comparing endo-bag versus direct extraction of gallbladder in laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Outcomes were surgical site infection (SSI), extension of fascial defect to extract the gallbladder, intra-abdominal collection, bile spillage and port-site hernia. Revman 5.4 was used for the data analysis.

 Eight studies were eligible to be included in this review with total number of 1805 patients divided between endo-bag [n=835] and direct extraction [n=970]. Four of the included studies were randomized-controlled trials while the rest were observational studies. The rates of SSI and bile spillage were significantly higher with direct extraction compared to bag extraction [odd ratio (OR)=2.50, P=0.006] and [OR=2.83, P=0.01], respectively. Conversely, extension of fascial defect was higher in endo-bag group [OR=0.22, P=0.00001]. Comparable results were observed regarding intra-abdominal collection [OR=0.01, P=0.51], and port-site hernia rate [OR-0.70, P=0.55] between the two groups.

 Extraction of gallbladder with Endo-bag provides lower rates of SSI and bile spillage with no notable impact on postoperative abdominal collection. Despite the increased need to extend the fascial defect with Endo-bag, the rate of port-site hernia remains similar between both groups.


Under the background of big data, this paper analyzes three evidence collection methods that "acts on the mind". By the statistic analysis of database at "www.pkulaw.cn", it aims to summarize the connection among them. The Supervision Law has clearly stipulated the rules for the exclusion of illegal evidence, but a new question about the legality of the collection of evidence arises due to the independence of supervision power and the particularity of duty-related crimes. The rules on the collection of evidence are exclusively stipulated in Paragraph 2 of Article 40 of the Supervision Law. Therefore, the identification of the connection among "threat", "enticement", "fraud" and "psychological coercion" should be based on the interpretation of this legal text. Furthermore, the specific connotations of "threat", "enticement", "fraud" and "psychological coercion" in a supervision process should be specified, current judicial situation should be studied using database of legal from the perspective of empirical research, the connection among "threat", "enticement", "fraud" and "psychological coercion" in the evidence collection procedure of a supervision process should be sorted out, and the scope for the exclusion of illegal evidence should be defined reasonably, so as to promote the rule of law across the country.


This essay considers the sound installation work of the British multimedia artist Brian Eno. Focusing on Eno's so-called 'ambient' music, the essay asks to what extent this work can be read as an aesthetic intervention in contemporary cultures of musical listening that are driven and shaped by the instantaneous availability of music in digital formats. His sound installation 12 Seasons, written for the 'Great Gallery' of the Palace of Venaria Reala in Turin, is marked by slowly evolving melodic structures and textures that imply a culture of sustained listening. However, the installation process also saw Eno personally involved in the adaptation of the pre-recorded music to the acoustic properties of the gallery: this created a listening experience that could only be fully appreciated in the space for which the music was composed, given that the sound evolved as visitors moved through the gallery. Examining Eno's compositional technique, installation practice and its underpinning musical theory, the essay asks to what extent 12 Seasons and similar works offer a spatially variable listening experience, which critiques the present trend of accessing music through lo-fidelity digital files and re-enforces the need for attentive listening over extended time. It asks, further, whether Eno is thus making a wider artistic protest against the contemporary hyper-consumption of cultural products, criticized by contemporary sociologists, which seems to value the acquisition of new aesthetic material over sustained engagement with it.


This paper analyzes the relativity between the high temperature index of asphalt mucilage(track factors of Dynamic Shearing Test,accumulative strain of Repeating Creep Test) and the same index of asphalt mixture(dynamic stability of Tracking Test and the accumulative strain of Dynamic Creep Test).


Community College instructors tend to assume that errors made in the writing of blacks and whites differ in type and frequency. Thus, in many remedial programs in schools with large Black populations, the instructional strategy focuses on "correcting" non-standard vocabulary and grammatical constructions thought unique to the Black dialect. The same is true in the instruction of other minority groups including nonnative speakers of English. However, it seems that there are great differences in usage within those communities just as there are differences within the white community.


As a consequence of the current trends in naval operations there is a growing requirement for platforms to be re-configurable and able to perform multiple roles. In many cases these multiple roles require the launch and recovery of unmanned surface vessels (USVs) which are complex systems that require careful integration with the ship. In the particular case of mine countermeasures, the use of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) has been widespread for a number of years; the use of USVs is less common but is seen as a means of transporting equipment to extend the range of minesweeping and minehunting activities. USVs are also used in anti-piracy activities and intelligence gathering; the Israeli Navy is using Protector USVs to conduct a wide range of missions, including coastal patrols, without putting personnel at risk. In oceanography USVs can be used as monitoring stations; they are seen as more capable than moored or drifting weather buoys and far cheaper than the equivalent weather ships.


Purpose – Examines new SEC guidelines for the reporting of "Executive Compensation and Related Party Disclosure".Design/methodology/approach – The study discusses the new SEC guidelines for the reporting of "Executive Compensation and Related Party Disclosure".Findings – The compensation of governance boards should not include contingent arrangements of any sort, certainly including stock options.Practical implications – Provides executives with information on important factors to consider in compensating board members.Originality/value – Of particular value to CEOs and other board members.


An improved description of aerosol and cloud processes is a prerequisite for successful prediction of future climate change. The climate on Earth is controlled by the radiation budget, i.e. the relation between the radiation going into and out from the atmosphere. Aerosols are said to have two main effects on the climate. The direct effect refers to cooling and warming by reflection of incoming solar radiation and absorption of outgoing thermal radiation, respectively. The indirect effect concerns the ability of aerosols to influence cloud formation and to change the optical and physical properties of clouds. Clouds normally occupy at least 50% of the sky on a global scale. The presence of clouds greatly increases the portion of the solar radiation reflected back to space, but on the other hand clouds may absorb outgoing thermal radiation from Earth and in the same way as a greenhouse gas partly counteract the cooling effect. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has identified clouds as the key uncertainty in predicting climate change: "The single largest uncertainty in determining the climate sensitivity to either natural or anthropogenic changes is clouds and their effects on radiation and their role in the hydrological cycle". The overall aim of the present thesis is to contribute to an increased understanding of climate effects as well as air quality issues related to aerosol and clouds. The radiative properties of clouds are determined by the microphysics, i.e. refractive index, shape, and size distribution. In this thesis the construction and development of a bistatic lidar set-up for polarisation measurements throughout the troposphere is described and the results obtained with this system are presented. From the measurements of optically thin or mildly opaque high latitude clouds substantial depolarisation was observed. Ray tracing calculations for hexagonal ice columns were able to produce all the experimental values if a suitable degree of surface roughness was introduced. The results show that it is important to account for non-spherical shapes for the assessment of the radiative impact of Arctic ice clouds, and that the bistatic lidar technique may provide a useful complementary technique to be used together with existing lidar setups. Lidar measurements were also conducted with the aim to study particulate air pollution in Göteborg. The limited insolation in wintertime sometimes resulted in near neutral boundary layer conditions and inefficient ventilation during the day. Considerable variation in the rate of rising polluted air subsequent to inversion layer break-up was observed, ranging from 200 to 800 m/h. Recently formed particles were observed around midday subsequent to surface layer ventilation. The boundary layer dynamics are concluded to have a strong impact on the properties of the urban aerosol and to a large extent determine the severity of the wintertime urban air pollution episodes to human health.


This article examines the ways in which the care-indifferent and gendered character of much political egalitarian theory has contributed to a disregard for the care-relational dimensions of social injustice within the social sciences. It demonstrates how the lack of in-depth engagement with affective relations of love, care and solidarity has contributed to an underestimation of their pivotal role in generating injustices in the production of people in their humanity. While humans are political, economic and cultural beings, they are also what Tronto has termed homines curans. Yet, care, in its multiple manifestations, is treated as a kind of 'cultural residual', an area of human life that the dominant culture neglects, represses and cannot even recognize for its political salience. If sociology takes the issue of relational justice as seriously as it takes issues of redistribution, recognition and political representation, this would provide an intellectual avenue for advancing scholarship that recognizes that much of life is lived, and injustices are generated, outside the market, formal politics and public culture. A new sociology of affective care relations could enhance a normatively-led sociology of inequality, that is distinguishable from, but intersecting with, a sociology of inequality based on class (redistribution), status (recognition) and power (representation). It would also help change public discourse about politics by making affective in/justices visible intellectually and politically, and in so doing, identifying ways in which they could be a site of resistance to capitalist values and processes.


Objectives : The purpose of this study is to identify the clinical effects of auricular acupuncture in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. Methods : Auricular acupuncture treatments were prescribed to 29 dysmenorrhea patients 1 time a week for 13 weeks. Results : After the treatment, numerical index for ...


Purpose
The South African wool industry is integral to the country's agricultural sector, particularly sheep farming and wool production. Small-scale farmers play a vital role in this industry and contribute to employment and food security in rural communities. However, these farmers face numerous challenges, including a lack of funding, poor farming practices and difficulty selling their wool at fair prices. This study aims to address these challenges, the University of Free State launched a wool value chain project for small-scale farmers.

Design/methodology/approach
In this project, one of the studies conducted assessed the effectiveness of different detergents suitable for traditional wool scouring methods for small-scale farmers who lack access to sophisticated machinery. The investigation was conducted by scouring 160 wool samples using three different detergents and filtered water as a control. The wool samples were then evaluated for their cleanliness, brightness and fibre properties through a combination of scanning electron microscopy, spectrophotometry and statistical analysis at different scouring times (3, 10, 15 and 20 min, respectively).

Findings
The results showed that the combination of scouring time and the type of scouring solution used could significantly impact wool quality. It was found that using a combination of standard detergent or Woolwash as a scouring solution with a scouring time of 10–15 min resulted in the best outcome in terms of fibre property, wool colour and scouring loss.

Originality/value
This study demonstrated that traditional wool scouring methods could be an option for small-scale farmers and anyone who want to learn how to scour wool without expensive machinery to make wool products.


In recent years, Fresnel lens has significantly improved solar energy consumption. The scientific community considers the imaging and non-imaging Fresnel lens as a solar concentrator. Compared to imaging, non-imaging concentrators usually have a larger acceptance angle, higher optical efficiency, and higher concentration ratios with less volume and shorter focal length. This paper summarizes the saga of the Fresnel lens for solar energy concentration technology. The optical design, fabrication methods, and challenges associated with the Fresnel lens are described in the context of numerous applications including daylighting, photovoltaic (PV), solar-powered lasers, space-concentrated PV, and hydrogen generation.


Periploca aphylla is used in the treatment of many diseases ethno pharmacologically in Pakistan. In the present manuscript, we demonstrate the antimicrobial effects of P. aphylla.Six different bacteria (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are used in the screening of extract through agar well diffusion technique as well as four different strains of fungi (Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus) are characterized. Methanolic fraction of P. aphylla showed significant inhibition of bacterial and fungal growth. The potency of these activities is due to the presence of bioactive flavonoids, saponins and phenolic compounds.

 Key words: Periploca aphylla, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli.


In his article "On Systemic Paradigms and Domestic Politics," Kevin Narizny criticizes neoclassical realism for incorporating domestic variables that are inconsistent with realist assumptions.1 Below, I argue that Narizny's understanding of realism is oawed and that his recommendation that realists should either say little about state preferences or abandon realism altogether is misplaced (pp. 188–190). To begin, Narizny claims that absence of functional differentiation means that states have the same preferences (p. 162). Absence of functional differentiation means that the international division of labor pales compared to the division of labor within states. Every state strives to perform the same functions: every state has an army, police, schools, and so on. Only in this limited sense are states "like units."2 Unlike states, individuals have specialized functions (e.g., construction worker, lawyer, or soldier).3 Next, Narizny argues that Waltz "offers only three hypotheses: balances form; successful innovations are emulated; and bipolarity is more stable than multipolarity" (p. 159). In fact, Waltz posits many more hypotheses, including the following:


lmmunohistochemical studies on animal brain have suggested that cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) is a component of a t least some ascending dopaminergic (DA) systems."* This led us to investigate the regional distribution of CCK-&like immunoreactivity (CCK-8-IR) in human control and in parkinsonian brains. Indeed, the main characteristics of Parkinson's disease are the degeneration of the mesostriatal, mesolimbic, and mesocortical DA systems.' In the human brain, CCK-8-IR was mainly concentrated in the amygdala and frontal cortex, but substantial amounts were also detected in other areas such as the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and striatum (FIG. A detailed mapping of CCK8-IR concentrations over the whole cortex showed that the highest values were found in the frontal lobe when compared to the parietal, temporal, and occipital regions. In addition, the rostrocaudal cortical distribution followed a decreasing gradient, one that was particularly marked in the dorsal part of the cortex (FIG. 2). In the mesencephalon the localization of CCK-8-IR closely corresponded to that observed for DA:3 The peptide was more highly concentrated in the nucleus paranigralis and the substantia nigra pars compacta, the richest DA cell body-containing areas, than in the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the ventral tegmental area (FIG. 1). The parallel distribution of DA and CCK-8-IR suggests that CCK may co-exist with DA in some neurons of the human mesencephalon; a co-existence of CCK and DA has already been demonstrated in animals.'** In parkinsonian brains a significant decrease of CCK-8-IR was found only in the substantia nigra (-36% and -40% for the pars compacta and the pars reticulata, respectively) while no change was observed in the other regions examined (FIG. 1). The reduced nigral CCK-8-IR levels may be related to the mesencephalic DA depopulation,' but the degeneration of CCK-8-IR-containing cell bodies and/or CCK-8-IR inputs of unknown origin cannot be ignored. Alternatively, Parkinson's disease is associated with a marked destruction of mesencephalic neuronal elements: DA as well as noradrenergic, GABA-ergic, methionine-enkephalinergic, and substance P-containing neurons' and, possibly, other transmitter-containing neurons. Thus, a change in CCK-8-IR turnover rate should also be considered.


11029 Background: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) concerns are important areas of health and quality of life for patients with cancer that should be included in routine cancer care, according to clinical guidelines. Yet, oncologists often hesitate to raise SRH with their patients due to lack of training. We conducted a national survey of hematology/oncology fellowship program directors (PDs) in the U.S. to understand the state of current fellowship education on three key SRH subjects: fertility, sexual health, and safe sex practices. We assessed rates of provision of formal/informal instruction and endorsement of barriers to formal instruction. Methods: A 13-item survey of education on fertility, sexual health, and safe sex practices in adult hematology/oncology programs was sent to all PDs in the U.S. via an online link or paper survey. PD's received a $5 gift card for participating. Descriptive statistics and McNemar tests were used. Results: One hundred-twelve PDs responded to the survey (63% response rate). Of these, 75% of PDs reported their programs offered >1 hour of formal instruction on fertility, 42% on sexual health, and 31% on safe sex practices; formal instruction was more common for fertility than either other subject (p's < .001). Male and female fertility preservation was addressed in 62% and 59% of programs, respectively. Cancer-related sexual side effects for women and men were covered in less than one-quarter of programs (23% and 20%, respectively). Regarding informal instruction, > 73% of programs reported using clinical experience to train fellows in SRH; other informal instruction methods (i.e., case-based methods, webinars, journal clubs, grand rounds) were less common. Lack of experts/resources was the most widely endorsed barrier to providing education about fertility (55%), sexual health (75%), and safe sex practices (69%) and was more widely endorsed for sexual health and safe sex practices compared to fertility (p's < .01). Lack of space in the curriculum and the topic not being required were also commonly endorsed barriers. Conclusions: Data from this national survey of fellowship program directors show that training in SRH is rare, particularly for sexual health. Barriers to training, especially difficulties in finding content experts, may be leading to a heavy reliance on informal methods of instruction, which are both variable and incomplete. Concerted efforts to integrate SRH into fellowship training, including novel educational curricula, are needed if SRH is to be addressed in routine cancer care.


In Belgium, juvenile offenders under the age of 18 are brought before the juvenile judge. By exception, however, the juvenile judge can decide to refer a young delinquent aged over 16 to the public prosecutor with the intent of prosecuting and sentencing the minor before Adult Court. This mechanism is called 'transfer', 'waiver' or 'referral'. In this paper we would like to address the question why this mechanism exists. We will attempt to hand out a few keys by comparing some European juvenile justice systems and by analysing files of transferred offenders and their subsequent punishments in Adult Court. A comparative analysis (including Belgium, France, The Netherlands, Germany and England & Wales), reveals that this transfer mechanism solely exists in Belgium and England & Wales. In The Netherlands the juvenile judge can exceptionally apply penal law on minors in Youth Court, but minors can under no circumstances be sentenced before Adult Court. In France and Germany juvenile offenders are always dealt with within the juvenile justice system and under the jurisdiction of the juvenile law. Strikingly, in the two latter countries, juvenile law provides with significantly higher maximal detention periods, and an extensive Youth Court, presided by several juvenile judges and with a jury, handles the most serious cases. These findings illustrate that the transfer mechanism might be used to get rid of the most difficult cases in order to preserve the existing limited youth justice system, while an elaborate system could render the option of applying penal law on juveniles redundant. Analysis of the youth court files of Belgian transferred young offenders will point out whether their profile does indeed correspond with the image of the 'serious career criminal'. The personal and environmental situation of these offenders appears to be problematic in many ways. Another issue is whether or not these so-called serious offenders get the severe sentences in the criminal justice system that the juvenile justice system apparently could not provide. Results point out that only a minority of the transferred minors are sentenced to an effective imprisonment, suggesting that intended goals of incapacitation, public safety and retribution are not necessarily met with a transfer.


In this paper,DS18B20 was applied designing homemade dry and wet bulb thermometer.By the method of linear interpolation,we could got the corresponding humidity value through software programming calculation,and the method was applied to the temperature and humidity data acquisition of Longyan specialty wet roasted peanuts drying process.The result of data analysis can provide a basis for analysis of data for the technology improvement of wet roasted peanuts baking process.


The invention relates to a document marking method and a document marking device. According to a provided embodiment, the document marking method comprises the steps of acquiring focal entities corresponding to a basic document, acquiring sentiment attributes of comments on the focal entities and generating marks for the basic document based on the focal entities and corresponding sentiment attributes. The provided embodiment enables the marking of the basic document with the comments on the corresponding focal entities, thereby allowing people to understand the comments on the relevant entities easily.


The aim of the present study was to investigate the profile of Ecuadorians who died by suicide during 2011. The National Mortality Study of 2011 was used in order to investigate the variables: sex, age, marital status, area of residence, natural region, level of instruction, ethnic self-identification, pregnancy and types of suicide. A descriptive analysis, a multiple correspondence analysis and a hierarchical classification were realized. The analysis showed that the majority of the Ecuadorians who died by suicide were men, singles and married, they were living in urban areas, in the mountain range and coast region, they had attended Primary or Secondary education and died by hanging, strangulation and suffocation or by exposure to pesticides, other chemicals and noxious substances.


7051 Background: Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager antibody construct designed to link cytotoxic T cells and CD19-positive B cells, inducing tumor cell lysis. In this combined analysis, w...


In Woody Allen's masterpiece Crimes and Misdemeanors (1989) the main character, Judah Rosenthal (Martin Landau), comes to "see" that in a world devoid of a divine presence, all acts are permissible, even murder. The apparent philosophical despair of this film, in which the most moral individual, Ben (a rabbi played by Sam Waterston), is shown gradually going blind, has been taken by many to symbolize Allen's ultimate sense of hopelessness. Yet, I have argued that Judah, despite his assertions to the contrary, has not really escaped from his deep sense of guilt. Allen has revisited the moral implications of murder in his films Match Point (2005), Cassandra's Dream (2007), and, most recently, in Irrational Man (2014) . Match Point appears to be an updating of Judah's story to England, while Cassandra's Dream tells the story of two English brothers who murder a stranger for money. Finally, Irrational Man features an American philosophy professor who thinks he can escape from existential despair by murdering a judge solely on the basis of a conversation he overhears in a restaurant. In this essay, I will compare the themes in these films in order to determine whether Allen takes a consistent philosophical stance on the moral issues raised by murder. Ultimately, I argue that in these films the murderers pay for their crimes.


This volume contains papers presented at the Steklov Seminar on Statistics and Control of Stochastic Processes. For the past three decades, the seminar has determined the development, in a number of important directions, of the theory of random processes not only in the USSR (now Russia) but in the whole world. It was organised by A N Shiryaev in collaboration with N V Krylov and R Sh Liptser. It started off with optimal stopping and filtering with applications to engineering, and very soon extended its interests to more general problems of stochastic control, causal and anticipating stochastic calculus, limit theorems for semimartingales, martingale methods in queueing theory, foundations of statistics of random processes and, in recent years, mathematical finance. Many studies, for example of stochastic PDEs or extended stochastic integrals, anticipated largely Western works.The contributions in this book are devoted to the hottest topics and united by a martingale which was the key idea of the seminar.


When my 12-year-old child falls over and grazes herself, like many other children of a similar age she demands a plaster. Usually, the more severe the wound looks, the higher the expectation of a fancy dressing. This curious observation leads me to wonder how relevant such an early experience is to expectations in later life.


Pyrromethene–BF2 complexes (P–BF2) 7 were obtained from α-unsubstituted pyrroles 5 by acylation and condensation to give intermediate pyrromethene hydrohalides 6 followed by treatment with boron trifluoride etherate. Conversion of ethyl α-pyrrolecarboxylates 4 to α-unsubstituted pyrroles 5 was brought about by thermolysis in phosphoric acid at 160°C, or by saponification followed by decarboxylation in ethanolamine at 180°C, or as unisolated intermediates in the conversion of esters 4 to pyrromethene hydrobromides 6 by heating in a mixture of formic and hydrobromic acids. Addition of hydrogen cyanide followed by dehydrogenation by treatment with bromine converted 3,5,3′,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diethylpyrromethene hydrobromide 9 to 3,5,-3′,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diethyl-6-cyanopyrromethene hydrobromide 6bb, confirmed by the further conversion to 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-8-cyanopyrromethene–BF2 complex 7bb on treatment with boron trifluoride etherate.

An alternation effect in the relative efficiency (RE) of laser activity in 1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-2,6-di-n-alkylpyrromethene–BF2 dyes depended on the number of methylene units in the n-alkyl substituent, -(CH2)nH, to give RE ≥ 100 when n = 0,2,4 and RE 65, 85 when n = 1,3. (The RE 100 was arbitrarily assigned to the dye rhodamine 6G). The absence of fluorescence and laser activity in 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-8-isopropylpyrromethene–BF2 complex 7p and a markedly diminished fluorescence quantum yield (Φ 0.23) and lack of laser activity in 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-8-cyclohexylpyrromethene–BF2 complex 7q were attributed to molecular nonplanarity brought about by the steric interference between each of the two bulky 8-substituents with the 1,7-dimethyl substituents. An atypically low RE 20 for a peralkylated dye without steric interference was observed for 1,2,6,7-bistrimethylene-3,5,8-trimethylpyrromethene–BF2 complex 7j. Comparisons with peralkylated dyes revealed a major reduction in RE 0–40 for the six dyes 7u–z lacking substitution at the 8-position.

Low laser activity RE was brought about by functional group (polar) substitution in the 2,6-diphenyl derivative 7I, RE 20, and the 2,6-diacetamido derivative 7m, RE 5, of 1,3,5,7,8-pentamethylpyrromethene–BF2 complex (PMP–BF2) 7a and in 1,7-dimethoxy-2,3,5,6,8-pentamethylpyrromethene–BF2 complex 7n, RE 30. Diethyl 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-cyanopyrromethene-2,6-dicarboxylate–BF2 complex, 7aa, and 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-2,6-diethyl-8-cyanopyrromethene–BF2 complex, 7bb, offered examples of P–BF2 dyes with electron withdrawing substituents at the 8-position. The dye 7aa, λlas 617 nm, showed nearly twice the power efficiency that was obtained from rhodamine B, λlas 611 nm.


Submarine is usually equipped with two different control device arrangements, namely a cruciform and a X rudder configuration. In this paper, numerical simulations of the DARPA Suboff submarine and its retrofitted submarine with a X rudder configuration are presented. Turning simulations in model scale were studied to compare the turning abilities of the two different control device arrangements. The computations were performed with a house viscous CFD solver based on the conservative finite difference method. In the solver, RANS equation are solved coupled with six degrees of freedom (6DOF) solid body motion equations of the submarine in real time. The structured dynamic overlapping grids were used to simulate the real-time changes of the attitude of the submarine and the rotation of the rudder. The volume force method was used to replace the real propeller to realize the self-propelled movement of submarine. In the free running maneuvering simulations, the submarines move at the same initial velocity and rudder angle, restricted to the horizontal plane with four degrees of freedom (4DOF). Comparisons of the trajectory and kinematic parameters including relative turning radius and turning period between the two cases were presented in this paper. The results show that, compared with the cruciform rudder configuration, the X rudder configuration has obvious advantages for submarine in the turning abilities.


Due to the change of operating conditions including external environments and production schemes, there are usually multiple modes in most industrial processes. Moreover, different linear and nonlinear correlations simultaneously coexist in different modes, which brings difficulty to fault detection. Aiming at this problem, the paper proposes a fault detection method using common and specific variable decomposition for nonlinear multimode process. The proposed method takes into account the linear and nonlinear correlations in different modes and utilizes the common and specific modeling ideas for enhancing the performance of fault detection in multimode process. First, the multimode process data are divided into the common variable subspace and the specific variable subspace based on sliding window low-order and high-order statistics. Then, the nonlinearity coefficient is used to evaluate the linear and nonlinear correlations for each variable subspace. Subsequently, the common and specific PCA-KPCA-SPCA-based multimode process modeling is developed for fault detection. The fault detection results of the Tennessee Eastman (TE) process demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.


Leptodiaptomus sicilis (S. A. Forbes 1882) in Pyramid Lake, Alberta, Canada, has only one main generation per year. A small summer generation probably does not survive. Adults may persist for 7 to 12 months, and individual copepods may live for up to 17 months. Retardation of the development of copepodid C4 and C 5 seems to be food linked. The high percentage of survivors (up to 97%) from the first egg pulse of the main generation, and the low percentage of survivors (as low as 3%) from the second egg pulse, is likely due to the absence of cyclopoid adults and copepodids in spring, and to both cyclopoid predation and a poor food regime in summer. Production estimates by several methods gave closely comparable results. Mean daily production by L. sicilis is 0.29 mg dry weight m-3, and the annual P/B ratio is 2.63.


A critical reviews on molecular spectroscopic work on the palladium (II) complexes with xanthine, caffeine, theobromine, and theophyline at normal and high e...


A pilot trial of steam explosion pulping of bagasse was carried out in order to determine the optimal parameters.The factors which influence the characteristic of explosion pulp was analyzed.The bleachability of explosion pulp and the pollution load of the effluent were also studied.Meanwhile,an efficient measure to eliminate the explosion noise was designed.


Objective To monitor the test quality and calibration results of the laboratory, take timely measures for the problems found to ensure that the laboratory maintains a good test level. Methods Through the use of GB 4789.3-2016 National food safety standards-Food microbiological test coliform count and SN/T 4547-2017 Commercial kit method-Coliforms and escherichia coli-Test method I, the same quality control sample was tested, and the experimental results of two laboratory personnel ability to analyze and assess. Results The results of the two inspectors were reproducible and the results of the two methods are consistent. Conclusion By organizing the comparison activities, constantly improve and summarize the problems in the experiment, and accumulate experience, the ability of the individual and the laboratory can be stabilized and further improved. Both of the two detection methods can detect coliform group, which is reflected in the experiment, but coliform group test tablet method has a great advantage in operation and time.


&NA; Patients with neurologic impairments are tested for proprioceptive deficits using static or quasi‐static techniques that are not applied within the context of a functional movement task. This study was conducted to determine if limb position sense (LPS) testing can be reliably measured during a dynamic cyclic task (eg, pedaling) and whether the accuracy of LPS will be affected by movement and is phasedependent. Experiments were performed with 16 young adult subjects. Subjects pedaled a bicycle ergometer while attempting to identify when their foot traveled through a specified target region. Errors were measured when they incorrectly identified that their foot was in a region outside of the target. Subjects were tested in active versus passive versus static modes, eyes‐open versus eyes‐closed, and at each of 7 target regions. The LPS test showed high reliability [ICC (1,1) ranged from 0.86 to 0.98]. Passive movement resulted in the least errors. During active movement, transition regions had the least errors and the mid‐downstroke region had the most errors. Therefore LPS, tested during pedaling, was reliable and revealed movement and phasedependent position sense.


In the last 10 years there has been an increasing trend towards miniaturisation in mass spectrometry. Miniature versions of magnetic sector, time of flight (TOF) and quadrupole mass spectrometers (QMS) have all been developed. Some of these systems use silicon microengineering technology, e.g. MEMS, to achieve the small geometries necessary, other systems use conventional engineering but on a reduced scale. The scientific advantages of miniaturisation include the ability to measure and monitor at higher vacuum pressures than hitherto (>10−2 mbar). Miniaturisation also offers advantages due to the reduced cost and resulting portable nature of the smaller instruments.


Life expectancy is an important indicator to evaluate the social development of a country.Health and longevity can not only improve people's life quality but also ensure them to have more time to pursue their life goal.A one-year increase in life expectancy during'China's Twelfth Five-Year


Objective: To observe the influence of endurance training and one-off exhaustive exercise on rats skeletal mitochondrial permeability transition pore(MPTP) and apoptosis.Methods: 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group(C group),endurance training group(T group) and one-off exhaustive exercise group(E group).T group undertook swimming training for six weeks,six times per week,from 45mins to 90mins.E group took normal feeding for six weeks,then were killed immediately after one-off exhaustive swimming.The opening state of MPTP was measured with ultraviolet spectrophotometer and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria was measured with western blot.The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were measured with RT-PCR and the calcium transfer from mitochondria was detected with double beams of light ultraviolet spectrophotometer.Results: As compared to C group:(1) The mitochondrial absorbency and the calcium transfer in T group had no significant change,Bcl-2 mRNA expression increased significantly,Bax mRNA expression and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria decreased remarkably.(2) The mitochondrial absorbency and Bcl-2 mRNA expression were significantly decreased in E group,whereas the release of cytochrome c,calcium transfer and Bax mRNA expression were significantly increased.Conclusions: Endurance training is likely to decrease the skeletal muscle apoptosis through upregulating Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression,decreasing cytochrome c release and stabilizing the open of MPTP,and one-off exhaustive exercise can accelerate apoptosis by downregulating Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression,opening MPTP and increasing the release of cytochrome c and calcium.


A number of research efforts have investigated approaches and technologies to improve space situation awareness. Prior research included investigation of probabilistic methods using structured models such as Bayesian belief networks. Such approaches have a firm foundation in evidential reasoning and are believed to have considerable potential for reasoning about situations of interest in space. However, building the necessary models and specifying the quantitative probabilities linking nodes is a non-trivial effort. Probabilistic models necessitate the estimation of probabilities that relate events. However, situations of interest are rare events and a lack of relevant observations makes it challenging to validate probabilistic models. Research in the elicitation of probabilities has shown that even domain experts cannot effectively generate valid mathematical relationships between abstract entities that form probabilistic models. The size and complexity of probabilistic models that realistically describe situations of interest exacerbates the challenge of defining the required probabilities. Data driven machine learning approaches have been used to address this problem in other domains. However, the lack of exemplars of events of interest limits the applicability of data driven machine learning to the modeling space situations of interest. The result is an increased reliance on elicited knowledge. Technologies are needed that simplify the process of model construction and that can take advantage of multiple information sources to provide space situation awareness. This paper describes an approach, based on Toulmin's theory of argumentation, which provides an intuitive representation that can be used to create and exercise models of space situations. These models are then supplied to a fusion component that uses the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief propagation to estimate confidences for the characterization of these situations of interest.


A novel circularly polarized antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide is presented. Center conductor of the transmission line is protruded to form a semi‐circular shape and two ground ports of the transmission line are extensively connected to form a closed loop. By tuning width of the closed loop, we can make the return loss and axial ratio bandwidth to cover 2.3–2.7 GHz WiMAX band. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2921–2923, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24749


To meet the requirements of the advanced bearings for rocket engine turbopumps, a hybrid bearing is designed. A mathematical model concerning non-steady Reynolds Equations has been established and solved using the Finite Difference Method (FDM). A new short capillary-compensated model for meeting the requirement of turbopump room limitation is proposed. The static and dynamic characteristics of water-lubricated hybrid journal bearings under extreme conditions of high-pressure and high-DN (diameter multiplied by rotating speed) have been predicted. Comparisons are presented between measurements and predictions for a 30 mm diameter, high-speed, high-pressure, hybrid bearings with water as a test fluid. The relative errors between the measured and the predicted in flow rate and the minimum thickness of water film are less than 15% in most cases. The results of numerical predictions show that increasing supply pressure of lubrication is an efficient way to increase hybrid bearing's load capacity. Furthermore, under low viscosity (lower than 0.001 Pa's), the performance of hybrid bearing slightly change with the viscosity variation rate. This study mainly targets at the design of hybrid bearings applied in the Liquid Rocket engine turbopumps using low viscosity lubrications (liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen). However, its results are also valuable in the design of water-lubricated hybrid bearings applied in other fields.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


Introduction: The surfaces of lobate debris aprons (LDA) in the northern mid-latitudes of Deuteronilus Mensae contain craters with unusual morphologies. Previous work [1-6] suggests the range of morphologies of these superposed craters to be evidence of an ice-rich substrate undergoing modification by sublimation processes. Kress et al. [2] and Kress and Head [3] identified and classified a range of unusual crater forms superposed on LDA and lineated valley fill (LVF) in Mamers Valley and identified a number of candidate formational and degradational mechanisms to explain the observed morphologies (Fig. 1-3) [4]. Two crater types are recognized in LDA/LVF regions: 1) bowl-shaped craters, interpreted to be relatively fresh craters in regolith as observed in most areas of Mars, and 2) ringmold craters (RMC), which are generally rimless craters with a circular moat surrounding an inner circular plateau with a number of different morphologies [2-5]. The results of these studies [2-5] strongly suggest that the surface textures and geological relationships of RMC's and bowl-shaped craters indicate that the lineated surface of LDA/LVF is close to a primary surface of sublimation till, and that buried glacial ice remains within several tens of meters below the present surface of LDA/LVF deposits. If this interpretation is correct, examination of the presence of RMC's and bowl-shaped craters in a region containing significant LDA's and application of this method of analysis may aid in testing for the presence of ice entrained in these deposits. Multiple theories of origin for LDA exist (Fig. 4): 1) rock-fall: material falls from the escarpment and forms a talus/debris pile which subsequently undergoes slumping, 2) ice-assisted creep: presence of interstitial pore ice promotes creep (analogous to terrestrial rock glaciers), and 3) primary ice/debris-covered glacier: large amounts of primary ice accumulate an insulating debris-cover, differential sublimation processes dominate over geologic time [7]. Volumetric and morphology analyses [7] suggest a debris-covered glacier endmember and here we show that analysis of RMC's implies the presence of shallow buried ice within LDA. Study Approach: High-resolution CTX images P02_001848_2241, P03_001848_2242, and P01_001373_2242 were mosaicked to form a composite image of the study area, a group of isolated massifs and accompanying LDA deposits, at 44°N, 29°E. We systematically mapped the presence of RMC's and bowlshaped craters, as well as the extent of LDA deposits and primary flow directions (Fig. 5). Description of Region: The study region is located in the center of the Deuteronilus Mensae region of Mars, an area well-documented in the literature for the abundance of ice-related features and flow. Distinctive surface morphologies, including compressional ridges, lobes, and sublimation pits can be distinguished in the composite image and material flow direction can be identified (Fig. 5) which strongly implicates that viscous flow processes, coupled with the presence of an ice-rich material, dominated apron movement. Additional support for the presence of significant ice entrained in the LDA's is the presence of RMC's. For this study region, 188 RMC's were identified on the apron surfaces in various morphologies and apparent degradational state, with the majority (>50%) located in the southernmost portion of the LDA complex. Discussion of Results: In the 188 RMC sample, a wide range of sizes exists. Calculated diameters were determined from the edges of the outer moat and for this group, diameters range from ~61m to ~670m. The RMC's generally range much larger diameters than generally smaller bowl-shaped craters. This supports the hypothesis that RMC's are due to the spallation process resulting from impacts into an ice-rich surface [4] and thus the presence of RMC's may be an indicator of significant ice deposits in the near subsurface. This is consistent with the debris-covered glacial origin for these landforms. 104 bowl-shaped craters were identified within the areal extent of the LDA's in this region, and the locations of these craters are much more widespread than the RMC's. Bowl-shaped craters exhibit a range in diameter, ~60m to ~480m, measured from the crater walls, and little variation in morphology is observed (Fig. 6). These results generally support the model that bowl-shaped craters impacted into dry or ice-cemented regolith while RMC's represent impacts into buried ice. The overlap in sizes may reflect the presence or absence or different depth to ice (Fig. 1-3, 6). Conclusions: These data 1) support the presence of significant residual ice in the LDA, 2) suggest that it is at a shallow level, 3) suggest that it is relatively pure ice, and 4) support a model of LDA as debris-covered glaciers rather than pore-ice-assisted creep of talus and rock-fall. References: [1] N. Mangold (2003) JGR, 108, 8021. [2] A.


Version Control Systems are commonly used by Information and communication technology professionals. They allow monitoring the single activity of different people working in the same project through all the project's lifetime. Thus, Version Control Systems are also used by educational institutions. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the academic success in Computer Sciences subjects may be predicted by monitoring students' interaction with a Version Control System. In order to do so, we have built a prediction model by using Model Evaluator, a tool which allows evaluating several Machine Learning models in order to select the most suitable for a specific problem. A set of experiments are being been carried out to evaluate the prediction model. At those experiments, students of different subjects of the degree in Computer Science of the University of León were involved. All the selected subjects: Operating Systems Extension, Computer Programming, and Computer Organization, require students to complete practical assignments which imply developing software solutions in different programming languages. A common requisite of those practical assignments is the use of a Git repository to store source code and documentation. Tentative results suggest that continuous interaction with the Git repositories has a big impact on academic success.


Commissioning of the soft x‐ray spectromicroscopy beanmline at SSRF was formally started on Dec 26, 2008. Beamline performance has reached or surpassed the designing goals according to the measurements by domestic experts, especially for its high energy resolution and high spatial resolution. Since its first operation by users on May 6, 2009, tens of experiments have been conducted, and some preliminary exciting results have been acquired.


The aim of this paper is to describe the study of the arcing phenomena of mineral oil using a rod - plane electrode configuration. This paper represents the experimental investigation of the arcing phenomena of the mineral oil, Nynas 4000x, with the water content not more than 10 ppm under various tip diameters of the rod - plane electrode arrangements. The tungsten rod electrodes with the tip diameter of 1mm, and 2mm with the curvature of 0.2 mm respectively were used as the high voltage electrode, while the brass plane electrode of 75 mm diameter was used as the grounded electrode. The gap distance of the electrode system was set up at 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm respectively. The electric field pattern of these electrode systems was calculated using Finite Element Program. The test experiment was modified from IEC 60156 and performed under room temperature. The arcing current, the arcing voltage and the partial discharge pulse current before the arc occurred including the arcing current pulse signal were investigated. The test results show that the 1 mm diameter rod - plane electrode yielded the highest electric field and the lowest arcing voltage at 9.9 kV including the maximum arcing current density of 54.24 A/cm2. This electrode configuration gave higher a bit the arcing voltage than that of the 2 mm diameter rod - plane electrode. In addition, the PD pulse signals before arcing occurrence and the arcing pulse current signals were relatively similar in shape. Furthermore, the significant degradation of the mineral oil was clearly observed after testing.