A circular approach to managing resources that will promote their reuse and recycling is nowadays of crucial importance for a sustainable society. In this regard, the substitution of natural aggregates by steel slag in construction materials represents a promising option. In this paper, the use of Ladle Furnace Slag (LFS) as sustainable filler and fine aggregate for asphalt mixtures is studied. In particular, the evaluation of the LFS contribution in mastic and mortar mixes at mid-range and high-service temperatures is investigated, employing a dynamic shear rheometer to assess the main viscoelastic properties as well as the fatigue and the permanent deformation resistance of the blends. The experimental findings showed that the addition of LFS led to a clear stiffening effect, altering the chemo-physical interaction with the bitumen and producing an appreciable difference in complex stiffness moduli and phase angles. Regardless of the aging condition, the use of LFS lowered the linear viscoelastic limits and increased the elasticity of blends in the case of both mastics and mortars. It caused also a slightly higher thermal dependence of the linear viscoelastic properties even if the enhanced stiffness and elasticity produced appreciable improvements in the permanent deformation resistance. In contrast, a slight reduction of fatigue resistance was observed under the test conditions and was reasonably ascribed to the higher stiffness of LFS blends. Further research is needed to strengthen these promising results and to address the issues at a multiscale level, in particular to evaluate possible lower workability and reduced ductility due to the encountered higher stiffness of slag-based materials.


An oblique column module for the turning of car in order to realize the stable engagement between fixed gear and drive gear features that the upward rotation of drive gear is directly manipulated by oblique operating rod to omit some parts, the screw bolt for the pivot of operating rod can not be rubbed, to prevent its noise and release, and the material and structure of impact absorbing cartridge for installing supporter are improved to increase the impact absorbing effect.


In this paper, a data driven approach is presented for the prediction of incompressible laminar steady flow field over airfoils based on the combination of deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and deep Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). The flow field over an airfoil depends on the airfoil geometry, Reynolds number, and angle of attack. In conventional approaches, Navier-Stokes (NS) equations are solved on a computational mesh with corresponding boundary conditions to obtain the flow solutions, which is a time consuming task. In the present approach, the flow field over an airfoil is approximated as a function of airfoil geometry, Reynolds number, and angle of attack using deep neural networks without solving the NS equations. The present approach consists of two steps. First, CNN is employed to extract the geometrical parameters from airfoil shapes. Then, the extracted geometrical parameters along with Reynolds number and angle of attack are fed as input to the MLP network to obtain an approximate model to predict the flow field. The required database for the network training is generated using the OpenFOAM solver by solving NS equations. Once the training is done, the flow field around an airfoil can be obtained in seconds. From the prediction results, it is evident that the approach is efficient and accurate.


This paper analyzes the evolution of coauthorship in Spain in the social sciences between 2000 and 2013. The goal is to explore to which extent limitations on the number of coauthors established by Spanish national evaluation agencies are justified. The analysis of 11681 papers authored by researchers affiliated to Spanish institutions in 20 subject categories of the social sciences reveals that there is no inflation in the number of authors, team size is similar to that found in foreign papers and the number of authors is dependent on international and institutional collaboration. With the exception of Anthropology and Special Education, in no area the average of authors by paper is higher than four. However, papers with a higher number of authors receive more citations. Overall, our results suggest that there is no justification on limiting the number of coauthors in publications, acknowledging that their inclusion in the criteria employed by Spanish evaluation agencies is to prevent honorary authors. Such limitation endangers institutional and international collaboration, and consequently, high impact research.


For the title compound, C 12 H 15 NO 2 S, both the crystallographic data and theoretical results (ab initio molecularorbital calculations) indicate a stabilization of the symmeaical conformation of the sulfone group with respect to the indolizinic bicycle. The crystal packing and the topology of the frontier orbitals clearly suggest a chargetransfer process from the five-membered ring towards the six-membered ring of the indolizine for two adjacent molecules


Abstract Acoustic microsocopy methods and particularly microechography have made it possible to determine porosity and mechanical properties of porous silicon. Nevertheless, these techniques are limited when porosity becomes important or when the layer thickness is too thin. This problem can be solved by detecting and analysing guided waves in the layers (Lamb's waves) which are contained in the acoustic signature V(z).


Equivalent small parameter method has been successfully applied to steadystate analysis of DCDC converters.The algogithm was extended to steadystate analysis of resonant DC link inverters.The solutions are the analytic expressions,which include every order results.The algorithm processes the characteristics of simplicity and accuracy,the results proved to be correct.


Bridge painting is very expensive. Over the lifetime of a bridge, painting to protect the steel from the elements can cost a large fraction of the original construction cost. In addition to monetary costs, maintenance workers face health risks if strict procedures are not in place to avoid exposure to hazardous dust when old paint is removed and the fumes of hazardous chemicals when new paint is applied. Use of weathering steel in bridge construction avoids the large cost of periodic painting and the hazards of paint removal and repainting because this type of steel is never painted. When exposed to weather, the initial corrosion of weathering steel forms a natural corrosion resistant layer that prevents further corrosion under a wide variety of conditions. Given the advantages of using weathering steel, the choice might appear to be obvious. However, the large potential savings in bridge maintenance costs in using weathering steel are not always realized because the protective patina layer fails to adhere when the steel is exposed to excessively salt-laden and moisture-laden environments. A multi-year study is underway by the FHWA to better quantify the conditions that lead to excessive corrosion in weathering steel bridges. This report documents work using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to study the conditions and mechanisms that lead from the salt spray thrown from truck tires to salt water droplets reaching bridge girders. Computer simulations use the advanced motion modeling capability called a "sliding mesh" in the CFD software to move one or more large trucks under bridges at 60 mph. The computations include multiphase spray droplet tracking of salt-laden water droplets coming off the tires. The objectives of the study were to build a model with a truck moving relative to a bridge in which the flow field could be solved by existing CFD software and available computational resources. Although this requirement entailed one of the major challenges of the study, it was accomplished using the sliding mesh capabilities of STAR-CCM+. The study included the goals of modeling three things that are related to the physics of droplet transport that were considered to be potentially significantly related to the amount of salt laden droplet spray that could reach the girder level of bridges when thrown from approaching truck tires when the trucks passed underneath the bridge. These three conditions were geometry effects, the effects of traffic, and the effect of the wind. Given the potential complexity of the multiphase flow field and interacting physics, a major objective of the study was to use the visualization capabilities of analysis software to show what is happening visually in the test cases that are significantly different in the amount of salt spray transported to bridge girder level in addition to the usual data processing that yields graphs to show relations between parameters. This report documents the results of the test cases that could be completed within the budget and time available for this study and also to document the model for future use. The goals for the test cases were to identify the primary mechanisms that contribute to de-icing salt transport from road surfaces up to weathering steel bridge girders that span over roads, and to test to the extent possible the relative importance of the mechanisms.


THIS PAPER presents observations on the treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in 11 patients, all of whom had ocular involvement, by cortisone or corticotropin given systemically. Relief of pain was generally prompt. Striking improvement was usually noted in the ocular lesions. Final visual results were highly encouraging. From 1937 to 1945, our results had been extremely discouraging in this type of disease. Partial or complete loss of vision, as a result of secondary glaucoma or corneal opacity, was not infrequent. In 1945, in view of the excellent results reported by Friedenwald1and Gundersen,* we began to employ immune serum therapeutically, with what seemed to be a more favorable outcome. In a group of patients, comparable in size to our present series, no impairment of vision resulted. The treatment of herpes zoster ophthalmicus with immune serum, however, involves certain difficulties. Frequent transfusions are necessary, necessitating a number of donors, who


The anticoagulative activity of a newly isolated ω-heparin from whale lung and intestine was compared with that of beef heparin by the intramuscular route in dogs and in two cases of Buerger's disease. The exact comparison could hardly be made, but the authors roughly estimated that the potency of ω-heparin was 1.5-fold that of lente preparation of beef heparin in the same dose level.


The paper attempts to evaluate the impact of MGNREGA on agriculture in general. The study also attempts to find whether there is any association between the level of improvement in agriculture brought in by MGNREGA and the type of land (irrigated or Un-irrigated) in district Budgam of Kashmir valley. The study is based on primary survey. The sample constitutes both beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the scheme. The results of the study reveal that majority of the respondents own farm lands having marginal landholdings. It was found that MGNREGA has overall improved the agriculture in the region. The results of the study also reveal that MGNREGA has been more effective in improving agriculture in those areas where irrigation facility is already available compared to those which are still depended on rainwater. It is recommended that more and more land should be brought under irrigation to make MGNREGA more fruitful for the rural community.


The scope of the present paper is the evaluation of the exchange of momentum in natural streams to explore the contribution that turbulence and secondary currents have on the shear stress distributions within the flow, and hence evaluate the overall hydraulic resistance. Existing methods for the evaluation of shear stresses in rivers are examined with respect to their applicability to complex flow fields, and a new mathematical formulation for analyzing the shear stresses affecting the longitudinal velocity distribution is presented. This new method enables one to estimate the time‐averaged principal shear stress and its particular components due to turbulence and secondary currents directly from three‐dimensional velocity data. An acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) was used to measure the currents and turbulence at five cross‐sections of two field sites over a wide range of discharges. The results of the cross‐sectional measurements reflect the nonuniformity of the river bed roughness, cross‐sectional form, and planform. Limited applicability was found for methods based on the theory of two‐dimensional boundary layer flows. Shear stresses estimated using the new method emphasize the dominance of secondary currents on the total momentum flux. Momentum fluxes caused by secondary currents were an order of magnitude larger than momentum fluxes due to turbulence.


Modern real networks contain many complex topological features such as clustering, hub nodes or interlayer connections that cannot be simply described using simple random networks. Previous works in this area are mainly focused on random and scale-free networks, while the effects of clustering and the nature of interconnection links on network percolation are relatively unexplored. In this paper, interdependent random networks, smallworld networks and scale-free networks are subjected to random attacks of various sizes to study their robustness. It was found that directed dependency between two networks can induce much more catastrophic network breakdowns than undirected dependency. The high clustering level of a network was also found to be detrimental to network vulnerability.


Post-stroke depression (PSD) is considered as the most frequent and imperative neuropsychiatric consequence of a stroke. Approximately one-third of the stroke survivors experience major depression as per studies. Numerous emotional and behavioral disorders occur subsequent to cerebrovascular accidents. The psychiatric disorders following cerebrovascular accident reduces patient autonomy and amplifies caregiver burden, especially in the elderly. In Ayurveda classics, the interrelation between body and mind and the psychological impact of physical ailments and vice versa have been explained with utmost consideration. Acharya Charaka opines, "Sareeram hyapi satwamanuvidheeyate, satwam ca sareeram"The ailments occurring to the mind cannot be separated from that of the body and is absolutely inseparable. A 68-years-old male patient with a history of stroke attended our OPD with the complaints of pain and burning sensation in the left side of the body along with weakness of right side of the body. On thorough patient interview and examination, a psychiatric disorder was recognized which was identified as post stroke depression with somatic symptoms. From the Ayurveda perspective the disease was considered as vishada due to pakshaghata. The patient was assessed before and after the management with VAS numeric pain distress scale and Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D). Selected Ayurveda protocol was found effective along with satvavajaya chikitsa or psychotherapy. The case report illustrates the importance of consideration of psychological factors while treating a physical illness especially when the ache seems not responding as expected.


Japan has entered into a programme of off-the-shelf procurement and joint development of Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) systems. The impact on US-Japan alliance relations is transformational. This working paper outlines the various strategies that Japan has used in the past to manage alliance ties with the US and to mitigate the alliance dilemmas of entrapment and abandonment. It then demonstrates how the technological imperatives of BMD have dictated a sea-change for Japan in its overall security strategy and closed off its options for hedging against alliance dilemmas. Japan is increasingly being forced to give up the hedging options of non-capacity, technological military autonomy, obfuscation and constitutional constraints. The result is a tighter US-Japan alliance construct and looming entrapment. The working paper then compares the situation of Japan's attempted management in BMD with that of the UK and Europe more widely. It argues that the UK faces a similar set of risks of entrapment and abandonment over the issue of missile defences. However, the US's position is buttressed by various technological hedges, and most importantly the role of NATO and EU defence and security cooperation as alternative spaces to be used to manage US power in the post-Cold War period.


We explicitly compute the equations and components of the jet schemes of a monomial subscheme of affine space from an algebraic perspective.


Various aspects of vasectomy are discussed. The operation is ineffective in 0-5% of the operations (depending on the method used) caused by the resection of an incorrect structure or by spontaneous recanalization. Azoospermia after vasectomy is unpredictable but occurs before the 29th ejaculation in 75% of the cases. 2 negative sperm counts with a month between them taken 3 months after the operation is considered sufficient to determine azoospermia. Single spermatozoa in the ejaculate have an uncertain significance; theoretically only 1 spermatozoon is necessary for fertilization. Persisting spermatozoa in the ejaculate point to failure of the operation or infrequent ejaculation. Sperm counts should be taken regularly to determine when azoospermia begins or if spontaneous recanalization takes place. The most frequent complications of vasectomy are sperm granuloma (8%) and epididymal congestion (5%). A table of various operation techniques is presented. Less than 1% of vasectomy patients request refertilization. 80-90% of these patients show spermatozoa in the ejaculate and 25-50% lead to pregnancy. Sperm autoantibodies occur in 30-50% of patients undergoing vasectomy. Sperm immobilizing antibodies can cause sterility. Men with marital sexual or psychosexual problems should not undergo vasectomy.


Modern microelectronic techniques have made it possible to place on a single device a complete system including sensors. Such sensors may be grouped into at least three headings, namely sensors in silicon, on silicon and plus silicon. The inclusion of on board processing can simplify the electronic design of the sensor; however, the packaging of the system is perhaps the major limitation preventing implementation of instrument systems on a single microelectronic device.


The present invention discloses wild rice drought-resisting gene and its coded protein and application. The gene has one of the following nucleotide sequences: 1. DNA sequence of SEQ ID No. 2 in the sequence list; and 2. the nucleotide sequence capable of hybridizing in high strict condition with the DNA sequence limited by SEQ ID No. 2 in the sequence list. The gene coded protein has one of the following amino acid residue sequence: 1. SEQ ID No. 1 in the sequence list; and 2. the amino acid residue sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 through substitution, deletion and/or addition of 1-10 amino acid residues and coding protein with function of regulating plant drought-resisting property. The drought-resisting gene of the present invention provides foundation for artificial control of stress tolerance related gene, and will play an important part in breeding plant, especially rice, with enhanced stress tolerance.


We study the performance of Selective Acknowledgements with TCP over the UBR service category We examine various UBR drop policies TCP mechanisms and network configurations to recommend optimal parameters for TCP over UBR We discuss various TCP congestion control mechanisms compare their performance for LAN and WAN networks We describe the effect of satellite delays on TCP performance over UBR and present simulation results for LAN WAN and satellite networks SACK TCP improves the performance of TCP over UBR especially for large delay networks Intelligent drop policies at the switches are an important factor for good performance in local area networks Source Rohit Goyal Raj Jain Shiv Kalyanaraman Sonia Fahmy Bobby Vandalore Xiangrong Cai Department of CIS The Ohio State University and NASA Dreese lab Neil Ave Columbus OH Phone Fax Email goyal jain cis ohio state edu Seong Cheol Kim Sastri Kota Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Lockheed Martin Telecommunications Chung Ang Newspaper Bldg Borregas Avenue Karak Dong Songpa Ku Bldg B O GB Seoul Korea Sunnyvale CA Email kimsc metro telecom samsung co kr Email sastri kota lmco com


California cherry growers have had mixed results in their use of rest-breaking chemicals, partly because the amount and distribution of chilling accumulated in any given year can be very different, making application timing hard to judge. CPPU and the similar synthetic phenyl urea cytokinin TDZ have been used in rest-breaking applications elsewhere in the world (Stino and Attala, 1997; AlmaguerVargas et al, 2000; Alvarado-Raya et al., 2000; Calderon-Zavala and Rodriguez-Alcazar, 2000; Costa et al., 2003). Amnon Erez reports that TDZ is a powerful rest-breaking agent in his experience (personal communication). In some cases, cytokinins have provided similar results to Dormex with respect to bud break (Dormex tends to give the strongest response among rest-breaking agents). Many cherry growers have found few alternatives that are acceptable to their farming practices, as was exemplified in the current low-chill year 2005-2006.


The intensity of afterglow phosphorescence and lifetime from the fiber-optic thermometer using long duration phosphor, SrAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/:Eu/sup 2+/,Dy/sup 3+/, have been evaluated. In the long phosphorescent sensor head, the intensity of afterglow phosphorescence increases greatly and linearly with the temperature ranging from 270 K to 320 K with the temperature coefficient of 1.3%/spl middot/K/sup -1/. Temperature coefficient of the afterglow intensity is found to be more sensitive than that of PL lifetime.


Objective To compare the clinical effects among the group of Shotfile software for presbyopia,reserved group and full correction group after LASIK,and evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shotfile software for presbyopia.Methods The 152 eyes of 83 patients with complete information were selected from January 2009 to August 2011 in our hospital,all patients were followed for 6 months.The patients had an operation by TOSCA surgery and the Shotfile software for presbyopia as the treatment group Ⅰ (44 cases,77 eyes).The 58 eyes of 29 patients who reserved with-0.50 D as treatment group Ⅱ,and 17 eyes of 10 patients didn't reserved and received the treatment of presbyopia as the control group.Then the postoperative distance vision and near vision,equivalent spherical,higher order aberration,stereo vision and satisfaction were compared among the three groups.Results (1)The postoperative distance vision at 6 months after operation in the treatment group Ⅰ,treatment group Ⅱand control group were obviously higher than preoperative distance vision,there was statistical difference(all P0.05),but no difference was found among three groups(P0.05).The near vision at 6 months after operation in the treatment group Ⅰ was better than that in the control group,there were statistical differences(all P0.05).(2)Diopter:The spherical equivalents at 6 months after operation of the three groups were all within ±0.50 D,there was no statistical difference among the three groups(all P0.05).(3)Higher order aberrations:The spherical aberration and horizontal coma in the treatment group Ⅰ were higher than those in the treatment group Ⅱand control group,there were statistical differences (all P0.05),but no difference was found in the total high order aberration and vertical coma(all P0.05).(4)Stereo vision:There was no statistical difference among the three groups at 6 months after operation(all P0.05).(5)Satisfaction:Three groups satisfied with the percentage of near vision were 86.4%,58.6%,40.0%,there was statistical difference(P0.05).Conclusion The patients who received the Shotfile software for presbyopia don't lost the distance vision and the near vision was better than control groups.The Shotfile software for presbyopia can effectively increase the corneal spherical aberration and compensate for the regulation ability of presbyopia patients so as to achieve better effect of the distance vision and near vision.


In the present study we have determined the fundamental physico-chemical properties such as, ionization constant (p K a) and lipophilicity (log P ) of some b-blockers and anti-diabetic drugs. The apparent ionization constant (ps K a) of selected drugs were determined using potentiometric titration in various co solvent-water mixtures (methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile and dioxane) at different temperatures (25 to 45 °C) and ionic strengths (0.15 to 0.5 M). Effect of temperature, ionic strength and dielectric constant on dissociation constant has been compared. The aqueous p K a values were then obtained by Yasuda-Shedlovsky extrapolation. In the case of water-soluble drugs (Amiloride hydrochloride, metoprolol tartrate and propranolol hydrochloride), the extrapolated results were in good agreement with that of p K a values measured in aqueous solutions under the same experimental conditions, while for the water insoluble drugs (atenolol, amlodipine besylate, gliclazide, glipizide, glibenclamide and pioglitazone), the extrapolated results were in good agreement with the literature values. For few of the selected drugs, the ps K a was determined spectrophotometrically and the results were compared with that of potentiometry in various co solvent mixtures. The measured log P values of selected drugs showed acceptable range to that of literature values.


Soviet bibliographies neglected those non-Soviet newspapers of the early period after the October revolution, that were published when not the whole territory of the later Soviet Union was under Soviet control. The author describes the efforts of collecting information on these papers and tracking down holdings as they are major historical sources. The National library of Russia built a database of non-Soviet newspapers for the period from 1918 to 1922; research work is still going on, and currently the rich holdings of St. Petersburg libraries are under investigation.


Since 1926, the National Rifle Association's (NRA) flagship publication has without pause featured "The Armed Citizen," a column that reports instances in which law-abiding citizens have successfully defended their property, person, and/or family with firearms. These reports are brief (100 to 200 words) and have remained remarkably untouched over the past 80 years with regard to style, diction, and narrative structure. Their rhetorical effect, however, has not. In 1977, the year the NRA became a social movement, these narratives began to contribute to the production of a terror-filled, deeply masculine (and surprisingly biblical) NRA discourse that led (and continues to lead) to the mobilization of its members to defend the right to keep and bear arms in the face of extraordinary public opposition: to perpetuate what has come to be known as the "gun-control paradox."


"Slaves made the state" in South Carolina; thus, Ryan Quintana urges us "to reimagine how we contemplate the state itself" by "moving our analysis of statecraft" to "focus more closely" on the "significant and essential labor" provided by slaves to the proliferation of public projects that South Carolina undertook in the aftermath of its independence (183). This practice "placed slaves at the center of the earliest discourse of state development" (184). No modern reader would dispute these assertions given that people of African descent constituted a demographic majority in South Carolina before 1708; scholarship has emphasized—albeit after an unconscionable delay—the particular significance of enslaved people and their behavior in South Carolina history since the publication of Peter Wood's Black Majority over forty-five years ago. Indeed, contrary to Quintana's claim, the lives of South Carolina's slaves are no longer "hidden in plain view" insofar as the unbalanced record of the place—itself a product of the practice of slavery—permits (183). Admittedly, no scholar has hitherto sought to link slavery directly to the development of the South Carolinian state. Quintana tracks the desire to extend "state space" between the 1770s and the 1820s by approving the construction of canals and roads to advance South Carolina's economy and to advance territorial expansion as well as, by erecting penitentiaries and asylums, improve the character of the state's citizens, in line with new sentiments about the function of the state that emerged at this time. Of course, the labor of enslaved people employed in these public works was taken for granted by the whites who commandeered it. Of course also, however, South Carolina's enslaved inhabitants, such as "Forest Joe," took advantage of the opportunities presented both by their involvement in these endeavors and the access ironically provided by new transportation routes to escape slavery, to form Maroon communities, to conduct both licit and illicit economic activity, and to exercise a degree of mobility that many Carolina whites viewed as alarming since it undermined slavery's primary function of controlling the enslaved. Quintana's account also helpfully tracks the deeply contrasting optimism— generated by independence from Britain—and alarm—generated by the refusal of slaves to comply quietly with the demands placed upon them—among South


We value the critical appraisal of the findings in th the process of determining their value to clinicia for this mixed-method analysis was to inform develo choice, quantitative measure of predictors of adherence floor muscle training (PFMT) practice. This measure is gitudinal follow-up study of intervention efficacy. In t ducting that analysis, the benefits of a routine appro became evident, and we decided to report preliminary clinicians with an interim basis for recommending this a ual teaching of PFMT. A strength of this mixed-method that it provides an initial estimate of the association of with high adherence and quotes from women who desc in adopting this health behavior in the initial months af We understand that some readers may be concerned titative analysis to qualitative data violates some assum statistics, especially when there is missing data. For this a conservative model where we considered all unknow and compared those in the routine category to those wh sified as routine. There are two broad methodological results are conservative. First, the procedures for codin ing interrater reliability, meet standards of rigor com research that involves coding of videotaped behavior scripts (e.g., Rosenblum, McDonough, Muzik, Miller, Furthermore, in those studies, it is rare to allow a "not e to tell" or "unknown" category. We permitted this categ edgement of the preliminary nature of the narrativ responses that clearly identified a consistent, regular tim sified as "routine." All other responses, even those tha consistent in time of day, such as "performing the exer of the television," were coded as "ad hoc" (and in the f routine"). This has the effect of creating a bias in the co because it may diminish differences between the routine 10.1177/0193945906293796


Traditionally, most of the major motor applications use variable frequency drive (VFD) to save electrical energy. The conventional VFDs better match speed to load but do not optimally minimize motor input power. Pumps are low dynamics applications and widely used. Significant energy savings can be obtained by implementing optimal flux control in partial load conditions. This paper proposes a new technique for efficient operation of induction motors used in pump application of an irrigation system. Excellent dynamic response in load transients as well as superior efficiency performance at steady-state are achieved, as compared to conventional rated flux operation. A total savings of .678 million units in electricity and $54,228 in energy cost is expected in one year on a 50 HP motor. The proposed method seems highly suitable for applications wherein load variations happen frequently, partial loading may occur for prolonged duration and speed is not a critical issue.


In cognitive radio networks, both the sensing time and the fusion schemes used for cooperative spectrum sensing affect the detection probabilities of the primary users and the throughput of the secondary users. Therefore, joint optimization of the sensing time and the cooperative fusion scheme has been studied before in terms of sensing-throughput tradeoff design. In this paper, different from the previous studies, we consider the case that each secondary user may have different detection signal- to-noise ratio (SNR), and requires different threshold for energy detection. Weightings are used to weigh the decisions from the secondary users before combining. A new algorithm is proposed to compute the thresholds for the secondary users and the optimal weightings for the decisions are shown. Computer simulations are presented to show the performance of the proposed algorithm.


Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots, similar to the nanoscale crystals of most semiconductor crystals, are available in a variety of sizes, shapes, and compositions as well as to make different chemical molecular ligands to modify the surface of the quantum dots and to fabricate functional optoelectronic devices on a variety of substrate materials. The combination of silicon and colloidal quantum dots enables the fabrication of silicon-based compatible quantum dot optoelectronic devices over a wide range of applications. In this paper, the effects of channel doping concentration and channel length on the performance of silicon-based CQD/Si photodetectors are calculated and analyzed from the simulation method. The results show that a suitable doping concentration and a short channel length can improve the performance of the device, which provides a simulation basis for the fabrication of silicon-based compatible arrayed colloidal quantum dot photodetectors.


CMTDP,a wireless transparent transfer protocol based on UDP,was proposed for the remote intelligent monitoring system of construction machinery.The architecture of CMTDP was presented.The four key technologies of CMTDP were described,in which the transfer modes were matched online and optimized dynamically with the transmission data types and the transmission channel states.The test results of a practical application on concrete pump verify that CMTDP can satisfy the requirements of construction machinery on data transmission performance,transmission data types,monitoring scale and cost.The test results also show that the implementation of CMTDP does not need the support from the routing node in wireless network.


1. Rats were given a rachitogenic diet with or without vitamin D for 1, 2, 3 or 4 weeks, and vitamin D was administered to a group of rats which had been deprived of vitamin D for 3 weeks. 2. Changes in enzyme activities of some tissues were followed histochemically. In general, changes in parathyroid preceded those in gut and kidney. Leucine aminopeptidase activity rose in the parathyroid, kidney and jejunum of the vitamin D-deficient rat as did the ribonucleic acid content of the parathyroid and the dehydrogenase activity of the gut. In contrast, the phosphatase activity of the gut and kidney fell in the vitamin D-deficient rat. All these changes were reversed during the 1-week recovery period. 3. A slower response of bones to both vitamin D deprivation and vitamin D dosage after deprivation was indicated by the changes in the percentages of ash in the bones and the changes in number and distribution of osteoclasts.


Recent advances in artificial intelligence mainly focus on acceleration and reliability in safety-critical applications. Winograd Convolution has been proved to possess both potentialities on acceleration and fault tolerance. However the state-of-the-art ternary modular redundancy approach suffers triple computation overhead and unsuitable for most CNN with smaller kernels. In this paper, AN-code self-checking technique is applied for helping the proposed double modular redundancy technique. From evaluation and experimental results, for an F(32x32,3x3) convolution, 75% of multiplications and 42dB of errors and overflows can be reduced. Compared with the stateof-the-art fault-tolerant Winograd convolution, 33% of extra multiplication count overhead can be saved. As for the fault tolerance, the block error rate can be also reduced by A/2 folds.


The right to regulate the monetary system represents one of the immanent features of state sovereignty. A central bank is an institution that is usually given the authority to conduct a country's monetary policy. Slovenia entered the European Union in 2004, the Bank of Slovenia became part of the Eurosystem, and its governor a member of the Governing Council of the ECB that decides on the monetary policy of the euro area. At the moment, Croatia is about to enter the European Union. Both countries were parts of the former socialist Yugoslavia (SFRY) and so have not come a long way on their own. However, their experiences with an independent central bank cannot be neglected. Therefore, it is useful to explore how central banking was organised in the past: before SFRY, in SFRY, and after gaining independence.


The effect of alkyl group structure of dialkyldithiophosphinic acid on separating Am(Ⅲ) from Eu(Ⅲ) is investigated. With four kinds of dialkyldithiophosphinic acids(HA) with different alkyl group of C 8(alkyl= n octyl, 1 methylheptyl,2 ethylhexyl,2,4,4 trimethylpentyl) as extractants and kerosene as diluent, the dependencies of extracting Am(Ⅲ) and Eu(Ⅲ) on pH and extractant concentration are determined. The slopes of lg D ~pH dependencies are close to 3 and the slopes of (lg D -3pH)~lg c ((HA) 2) are close to 2 except for di n octyldithiophosphinic acid extracting Eu(Ⅲ) . While the organic phases are 0.2 mol/L extractants in kerosene and aqueous phase is 1 mol/L NaNO 3, the pH 1/2 values of aqueous phase for extracting tracer amount of 241 Am by HA with R= n octyl, 1 methylheptyl, 2 ethylhexyl, 2,4,4 trimethylpentyl are 2 31, 2 56 ,2,58, 3 14 , respectively, and the pH 1/2 values of aqueous phase for extracting tracer amount of 152,154 Eu(Ⅲ) by HA with R=1 methylheptyl, 2 ethylhexyl, 2,4,4 trimethylpentyl are 3 95,4 01 ,4 42, respectively. The alkyl group has some effect on the extraction power to Am(Ⅲ) and Eu(Ⅲ), but has no substantial effect on SF Am/Eu .


A type of digital chaotic cryptosystem was proposed which used a class of 1-D piecewise linear map to realize finite-precision chaotic encryption and decryption systems through the inverse system approach. In the general structure of encryption systems, a dynamical system /spl Sigma/ (/spl middot/) is used to connect the n-order delay line with the input terminal. The decoder is sensitive to all parameter mismatches, so it can provide high security of the encrypted signals. In this paper we show that this cryptosystem can not frustrate chosen-ciphertext attack. Consequently, it may be possible to recover the key with good accuracy.


Solar energy as a widespread clean energy is considered to be the key to solving future energy problems, solar cell technology is also evolving, of which perovskite solar cells because of its rapid growth efficiency gains wide attention. The great breakthroughs have been observed in organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells. However, the long-term stability due to decomposition and the toxicity of heavy metal lead have not been perfectly solved. Solving the stability problem will be the key to the future application of perovskite solar cells. This review focuses the factors affecting the stability of perovskite solar cells from the perspective of perovskite solar cell structure, including perovskite materials, hole transport materials, electron transport materials, and electrodes. Through the analysis we found that for perovskite materials, grain size and defect density affect the stability of perovskite. The grain with large size will inhibit the defect state, improve the stability of the device. Moisture, oxygen and light will promote the decomposition process of perovskite, even in the case of isolated air. The thermal stability of perovskite is also poor and will be self-decomposition at a certain temperature. While perovskite will also have the problem of crystal structure instability, the perovskite may changes to the non-perovskite phase, which will result in a sharp attenuation of efficiency. The dopant in the hole transport material may cause destruction and decomposition of the perovskite structure. The titanium dioxide commonly used in electron transport materials can lead to the decomposition of perovskite and the reduction of electron transport efficiency due to oxygen vacancy and strong electron extraction. Silver and aluminum commonly used in electrode will be associated with the perovskite layer formation of halide, which may reduce the conductivity of the electrode and destroy the perovskite structure. In order to solve the above problems, we propose that new preparation should be developed to get thin films with large grain size. The researchers also should find new perovskite material insensitive to moisture and oxygen, appropriate package to isolate the air from the water and oxygen. The inorganic perovskite materials with enhancing thermal stability of the perovskite film should be considered to improve the stability of perovskite solar cells. Developing organic hole transport materials that do not require additives or inorganic hole transport materials can reduce the possibility of perovskite crystals being destroyed by hole transport materials. Avoid direct contact between perovskite and titanium dioxide or use other electron transport materials instead of titanium dioxide to prevent the decomposition of perovskite. Furthermore, we recommend mesoscopic framework based on all inorganic metal oxides for organic-inorganic perovskite based photoelectric conversion devices.


The present study investigates one of the most up-to-date scientific and pragmatic problems faced by the evolution of the human society, by the European Union and by the future of this planet: pollution as externality of the economic growth.The inclusion of the sustainable development objectives in the framework of the ambitious goals of the Lisbon Strategy is launching once again several controversies concerning the analysis of the global auction process of pollution right. Linked to the context, the study considers the economic fact through and with the help of the results of scientific economic research by using the design theory (award of the Swedish Academy for Economy, 2007).We need to mention that the theoretical and practical nature of the study is based upon the recents conclusions of the Copenhagen Summit, underlining the normative-positive report that governs the economy.


Abstract A great number of studies of polyelectrolyte complexes have been carried out by various investigators; most of them concentrated on the reaction between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes [1-3]. The structure and properties of the resultant complexes have been investigated to a lesser extent, and the understanding of this new class of polymer materials is still insufficient. Thus, we have been investigating the sorption of water vapor by the complexes and the morphological changes caused by this sorption [4,5].


1. CONTENTS
(1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
Contract decision process of the real estate as statistics show rents were all decided by tug of war of tenants...


This paper argues that credit ratings have contributed to the current financial crisis. In United States, the previous "reputational model" as well as the current proposals aimed at reducing reliance on rating agencies, enhancing competition and increasing transparency is not sufficient to improve the integrity of rating agencies. This paper suggests that imposing stricter liability on rating agencies is necessary. The proposal to eliminate the exemption of NRSROs under Section 11 of the Securities Act is necessary but not sufficient for holding rating agencies accountable. The first amendment defense always shields rating agencies from legal liability, while the absence of a common standard make it hard to impose liability for negligent ratings. Finally, this paper suggests that the courts should not award the rating agencies First Amendment protection and consider the distinguished characteristics of rating agencies, when examining the professional liability of the agencies.


The neutrino-nucleus reactions are studied at energies from 0 to 3 GeV, using the CRISP program. To simulate these reactions, CRISP uses the Monte Carlo method through an intranuclear cascade model. Quase-elastic and baryonic resonance formation channels for the neutrino-nucleon interaction are considered. The total and differential particle emission cross sections were obtained, obtaining a good agreement with the values reported by the MiniBooNE experiment. The influence of nuclear effects on the studied reactions, such as fermionic motion, the Pauli blocking mechanism, and the nucleonic separation energy, was shown. It was not possible to simultaneously reproduce the νμ+D and νμ + 12 C reactions using the same axial mass value. For the charged current quasi-elastic channel, MA = 0.95 GeV for the νμ + D reaction, and MA = 1.35 GeV for the νμ + 12 C reaction. This can be solved if one considers, in addition to the neutrino-nucleon interaction, the neutrino interaction with a pair of nucleons, just as we demonstrate in the last part of this work.


Objective: To explore the curative effect of MEBO in postoperation of endoscopic sinus surgery for treating chronic sinusitis. Method: 60 patients with chronic sinusitis were performed two-side endoscopic sinus surgery, one side nasal cavity was given MEBO by random, the other side was given dressing change in conditional way. The average cleaning time of nasal cavity in two groups was observed.Result: The average cleaning time of nasal cavity in MEBO group was 6.8d and in the control group was 11.3d (P0.05). Conclusion: MEBO can reduce the healing time of wound and reduce the cleaning time of nasal cavity in postoperation of endoscopic sinus surgery.


Abstract Mangine, GT, Hoffman, JR, Gonzalez, AM, Wells, AJ, Townsend, JR, Jajtner, AR, McCormack, WP, Robinson, EH, Fragala, MS, Fukuda, DH, and Stout, JR. Speed, force, and power values produced from nonmotorized treadmill test are related to sprinting performance. J Strength Cond Res 28(7): 1812–1819, 2014—The relationships between 30-m sprint time and performance on a nonmotorized treadmill (TM) test and a vertical jump test were determined in this investigation. Seventy-eight physically active men and women (22.9 ± 2.7 years; 73.0 ± 14.7 kg; 170.7 ± 10.4 cm) performed a 30-second maximal sprint on the curve nonmotorized TM after 1 familiarization trial. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients produced significant (p ⩽ 0.05) moderate to very strong relationships between 30-m sprint time and body mass (r = −0.37), %fat (r = 0.79), peak power (PP) (r = −0.59), relative PP (r = −0.42), time to peak velocity (r = −0.23) and TM sprint times at 10 m (r = 0.48), 20 m (r = 0.59), 30 m (r = 0.67), 40 m (r = 0.71), and 50 m (r = 0.75). Strong relationships between 30-m sprint time and peak (r = −0.479) and mean vertical jump power (r = −0.559) were also observed. Subsequently, stepwise regression was used to produce two 30-m sprint time prediction models from TM performance (TM1: body mass + TM data and TM2: body composition + TM data) in a validation group (n = 39), and then crossvalidated against another group (n = 39). As no significant differences were observed between these groups, data were combined (n = 72) and used to create the final prediction models (TM1: r2 = 0.75, standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 0.27 seconds; TM2: r2 = 0.84, SEE = 0.22 seconds). These final movement-specific models seem to be more accurate in predicting 30-m sprint time than derived peak (r2 = 0.23, SEE = 0.48 seconds) and mean vertical jump power (r2 = 0.31, SEE = 0.45 seconds) equations. Consequently, sprinting performance on the TM can significantly predict short-distance sprint time. It, therefore, may be used to obtain movement-specific measures of sprinting force, velocity, and power in a controlled environment from a single 30-second maximal sprinting test.


Recently, the image of a country and city has become a core competitive asset for the government and local authorities and this core competitive asset plays a critical role for domestic and foreign tourists, businessmen, residents of the city, neighbouring cities, investors, entrepreneurs and also the university students. Based on the competitive asset of city image and reputation, the perception needs an effort from a marketing perspective in order to improve the strategies for enhancing quality of life. The aim of this research is to evaluate the city image of Yalova from the eye of Yalova university students. For this purpose, image perception of students on the advantages of city, abstract image elements and residents of the city have been investiageted. The data of research have been collected through the questionnaire methodology. This study is run on 200 students as the research sample. In light of the results of the survey, the overall image perception of students about Yalova city and its residents are determined to be at medium level. Location of Yalova has a very positive perception, while intercity transportation, nature and weather conditions have a positive perception. The city is considered as peaceful, safe and clean, but expensive. Residents of Yalova are evaluated as peaceful. It is also found that, infrastructures and superstructures enhancing the Yalova city image should be improved.


Abstract During Africa's anti-colonial movements, women in French colonies were less politically active than women in British colonies. Hern examines how differences in British and French education policies in the Gold Coast and Senegal between the 1920s and the 1950s shaped women's opportunities for participating in nationalist activity and becoming involved in early-independence politics. Compared to girls' education in Senegal, girls' education in the Gold Coast was more widespread, came from a variety of providers, and was less focused on domesticity. Women in the Gold Coast were thus more likely to be mobilized as political agents during the nationalist movement and integrated into Ghana's new independent government.


In the article, the method of estimating the level of formation of ecological competency in students depending on its triple structure has been presented. In our work. environment diagnostics includes: valuable relation to natural objects, processes and phenomena, level of scientific and environmental knowledge, using the criteria of completeness and awareness of knowledge, experience of environmental activities.


A golf-course can have gender exclusive days and times, as long as females and males have equal access throughout the week. Key words: Sex-based Discrimination, Federal Circuit Court of Australia, Incorporated Association, Club, Limited Access to Golf Course


The paper focuses on the existence of nontrivial solutions of a nonlinear eigenvalue problem depending on a real parameter λ under Robin boundary conditions in unbounded domains, with (possibly noncompact) smooth boundary. The problem involves a weighted pLaplacian operator and subcritical nonlinearities, and even in the case p = 2 the main existence results are new. Denoting by λ1 the first eigenvalue of the underlying Robin eigenvalue problem, we prove the existence of (weak) solutions, with different methods, according to the case λ ≥ λ1 or λ < λ1. In the first part of the paper we show the existence of a nontrivial solution for all λ ∈ R for the problem under Ambrosetti– Rabinowitz-type conditions on the nonlinearities involved in the model. In detail, we apply the mountain-pass theorem of Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz if λ < λ1, while we use mini-max methods and linking structures over cones, as in Degiovanni [9] and in Degiovanni and Lancelotti [10], if λ ≥ λ1. In the latter part of the paper we do not require any longer the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition at ∞, but the so-called Szulkin– Weth conditions, and we obtain the same result for all λ ∈ R. More precisely, using the Nehari-manifold method for C functionals developed by Szulkin and Weth in [37], we prove existence of ground states, multiple solutions, and least-energy sign-changing solutions, whenever λ < λ1. On the other hand, in the case λ ≥ λ1, we establish the existence of solutions again by linking methods.


The article contains the information of the summary medical X-ray exposure of the population (19502000) in some areas of Russia. There were fixed low and high X-ray doses during the long period of time. Disease and mortality were explored in these regions during the period of the last ten years (1992-2001). The causes of death contained leukemia and other types of cancer. More significant levels of disease and mortality were fixed in the areas where were the high levels of medical irradiations. These facts show the influence of the medical irradiation on the level of mortality and diseases.


To understand the correlativity of angle displacement between rack radial force and rack vent hole, the bending stress applied on the weakest section of rack equipped vent hole were analyzed, validating tests were carried out on rack static strength tester. The results shows that the maximum stress occurred as the included angle between rack vent hole and rack radial force are right-angle, meanwhile the rack strength shall be reduced to minimum.


Ar experiment concerning a clonal test of E. urophylla*grandis was carried out in Congo and presented the following results. The study of variation along the stem showed that basic density decreased sharply from the base to 1.3 m and then increased as the sampling height increased. Consequently, the best prediction of the mean tree basic density was obtained with disks taken at 25 or 50% of the commercial height. A different result was obtained for the mean tree bark percentage which was correctly predicted with 3 samples. Genetic analysis indicated a higher heritability for basic density and low genetic correlations with volume, confirming results obtained from breeding populations of E. urophylla*grandis. Results relating to the method of sampling and selection strategy are discussed in this paper. (Resume d'auteur)


A renal oncocytoma was treated by radical nephrectomy. Although it was considered benign, hepatic localizations were discovered seven years later. The authors discuss the problems of whether these were secondary metastatic lesions or a new development in the evolution of the disease.


High-probability request sequence (HPRS) is a low-intensity strategy designed to increase student compliance by creating behavioral momentum. Momentum is established by providing three to five requests that a noncompliant student is most likely to do followed quickly by a less preferred request. Herein, we describe a step-by-step process for using HPRS in schools. Throughout, we offer lessons from practitioners who have used HPRS with students, including those at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders.


Forty years on, a group of midwives who joined forces in Liverpool as nursing students are now contemplating retirement. Their working lives have been revolutionised in the interim.


Most of the calcium in the body is stored in bone. The rest is stored elsewhere, and calcium signalling is one of the most important mechanisms of information propagation in the body. Yet, many questions remain open. In this work, we initially consider the mathematical model proposed in Atri et al. \cite{ atri1993single}. Omitting diffusion, the model is a system of two nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for the calcium concentration, and the fraction of $IP_3$ receptors that have not been inactivated by the calcium. We analyse in detail the system as the $IP_3$ concentration, the \textit{bifurcation parameter}, increases presenting some new insights. We analyse asymptotically the relaxation oscillations of the model by exploiting a separation of timescales. Furthermore, motivated by experimental evidence that cells release calcium when mechanically stimulated and that, in turn, calcium release affects the mechanical behaviour of cells, we propose an extension of the Atri model to a 3D nonlinear ODE mechanochemical model, where the additional equation, derived consistently from a full viscoelastic \emph{ansatz}, models the evolution of cell/tissue dilatation. Furthermore, in the calcium dynamics equation we introduce a new "stretch-activation" source term that induces calcium release and which involves a new bifurcation parameter, the "strength" of the source. Varying the two bifurcation parameters, we analyse in detail the interplay of the mechanical and the chemical effects, and we find that as the strength of the mechanical stimulus is increased, the $IP_3$ parameter range for which oscillations emerge decreases, until oscillations eventually vanish at a critical value. Finally, we analyse the model when the calcium dynamics are assumed faster than the dynamics of the other two variables.


Background: Malnutrition is associated with both structural and functional pathology of the brain. A wide range of cognitive deficits has been reported in malnourished children. Effect of chronic protein energy malnutrition (PEM) causing stunting and wasting in children could also affect the ongoing development of higher cognitive processes during childhood (>5 years of age). The present study examined the effect of stunted growth on the rate of development of cognitive processes using neuropsychological measures.


Research on positive youth development (PYD)-focused coach education programs have provided valuable insights on how to increase youth sport coaches' ability to facilitate PYD. Variables such as ke...


The discussion on the future of democracy goes necessarily through the ideas re- lated to a renovation of the current political system, and transformation in the ma- nagement of the public apparatus. The domain crisis onto the State, begins to open perspectives to the renovation and the citizenship warranty. Globalization, the market rules, and the constant changes in the social and behavioral relationship, in view of the innovations brought by this context, had attributed inevitable changes to the Rule of Law. The technological advance and the information flux had transformed the way on how the citizen sees oneself in the State, and demands new and faster responses from the State. All these matters permeate the idea of a Public Governance and the manner on which the public administrators comprehend the interconnection between develo- pment and economics.


Care has been the purview of the social work field but has received little empirical evaluation by other agricultural scholars. This study shows the output of green care incorporated into farming process. Questionnaire items tapping about health conditions were administered to 213 co-workers who were supported by green care services within the past three years from 2012 to 2014. We examine how working years at private farm is associated with Health-related quality of life for persons with disability. Analysis of Variance on Mental Component Summary calculated from Health-related QOL (Quality of Life) Score showed that green care services influenced the health conditions of persons with disability as the number of working years go by. This article concludes by arguing that green care is an effective factor affecting their mental health.


Dextran stimulation (priming) ofthedextransucrase (EC184.108.40.206) from Streptococcus mutansstrain 6715was studied. Thedextransucrase activity in supernatant fluids fromglucose-grown cultures was showntobepartially primer dependent. Duringextended storage at4C theenzyme retained itsactivity. However, theability tomakedextran becameincreasingly primer dependent. Hydroxylapatite-chromatographed enzyme preparations were completely de- pendent upon addeddextran forrapid synthesis ofmethanol-insoluble glucan fromsucrose.Half-maximal stimulation ofnew dextran synthesis occurred with dextran ata concentration of2to3uMandwith a molecular weight ofabout 2,600. Neither glycogen, amnylose, inulin, nor isomaltose functioned as primer. Studies withthedextransucrase activities detectable byinsitu assay in polyacrylamide gels subjected toelectrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions revealed thatthemajoractivity was detectable inthepresenceofsucrosealone andwas stimulated byaddition ofprimer dextran. Theminoractivity was only detected whenprimer dextran was present. Homogeneous preparations ofboth enzymes contained 30to40%carbohydrate. Inaprevious report (6)wedescribed apurifi- cation procedure forthedextransucrase (EC 188.8.131.52) activity fromStreptococcus mutans strain 6715. Studies withpurified enzyme dem- onstrated that theMichaelis contant forsucrose was3 mM andthatfructose competitively inhibited theenzymereaction (Kg- 27mM). Polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis andinsitu assay ofhighly purified enzymepreparations revealed thepresence oftwoactivities inthe approximate ratio of1:10. During these studies wenoted(6)thatinordertoobtain rapid dextran synthesis withpurified enzymeprepa- rations, aprimer dextran mustbeincluded in thereaction mixture. Although other investiga- torshavebriefly mentioned thestimulating effect ofaddeddextran onthereaction rate of thedextransucrase fromS.mutans (16) andS. sanguis (5,19), this observation hasnotbeen further analyzed. Inthiscommunication we describe theeffects ofprimer dextran onen- zymepreparations atvarious stages ofpurifica- tionandreport onthestability, primer size requirement, andcarbohydra - content ofthis enzyme.


Objective:To analyze the general characteristics of articles on acupuncture published by Chinese organizations in2012.Methods:On the basis of data base of CBM,CNKI and Pubmed,articles on acupuncture in language of Chinese and English published by Chinese organizations in 2012 were analyzed using bibliometrics in this current study.Results:Chinese organizations published 4991 articles in 2012,34 articles on meridians,84 on acupoints,3656 on clinical studies,496 on mechanism of acupuncture,63 on analgesia and anesthesia,317 on literatures and experience of famous acupuncturists.Conclusion:At present,the domestic acupuncture research is mainly focused on clinical study,and the quality of studies is improving.Some new methods and skills have penetrated in acupuncture research,and more clinical researches of high quality are needed.


-- Through this investigation, one will be able to know if the personnel of health is offering cares to the patients to his position, and also how these people perceive the cares that are offered in the atmosphere in which have to remain during a hospitalization, because in the literature he is the guide, the orientation and the knowledge that are necessary to give an integral attention to the population, but when this population is a town different to the common of people, with a cultural past, customs, beliefs, laws and different norms, then the cares vary, for the change in the habits to know her perception in front of such a delicate experience as the hospitalization that not involves so alone the biological area, if not that also the spiritual and social.
For what the Patient's present study titled Perception with AIDS on the care that the nurse offers him in the service of infectologia of the National Hospital May Two 2007 had as objectives to Determine the patient's perception with AIDS on the care that the nurse toasts and to differentiate the patient's perception according to biological dimension, dimension spiritual sociocultural dimension and emotional dimension.


Despite significant technological and scientific advances, the ability to predict, quantify and prepare for natural catastrophes remains inadequate. While new approaches continue to be developed by a sophisticated insurance industry, they have not extended to a developing world largely unprepared for catastrophe and dependent on little more than divine providence.


By searching and analyzing the global patent applications and Chinese patent applications of the eye tracking technology based on video,patent application's total situation of this field is summarized,and qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of the eye tracking technology based on video are introduced.It is hoped to be helpful for the people in the field by studying the development space of the eye tracking technology based on video.


During the past decade the future of community health care nursing has been established as the focus for the promotion of health gain for the population and its constituent neighbourhoods. Government investment in the design of a new infrastructure to support 'care in the community' initiatives has further strengthened the need for the community health care nursing and health visiting professions to review the standard and content of the education and practice base of community health care nursing. A further challenge has been the entry of pre and post-qualifying nurse education into the higher education sector with its demand for further rigour in quality control and academic compliance.


Boolean networks are system models whose binary-state nodes are interconnected. Although a number of studies have been conducted so far, it is usually assumed that the full information on the target system is available for analysis and design. This paper addresses a structural analysis problem for Boolean networks, i.e., the case when the information on the network structure is available but that on the node dynamics is unavailable. In particular, we consider here oscillatority (instability). First, the notion of structural oscillatority is formulated based on an equivalence relation of network structures. We next present a necessary and sufficient condition for the so-called cactus Boolean networks to be structurally oscillatory. This condition captures structural oscillatority by a simple characterization in terms of the network structure (more concretely, the number of inhibiting edges in each simple cycles), which enables us to apply it to large-scale Boolean networks.


This case study describes the exchange experience between two psychiatric fields. The author is a forensic psychiatrist who participates as a consultant on the attendance of an adolescent boy who went through treatment with his family from November 2007 to April 2010 in a special psychiatric unit for infants and adolescents due to a matricide attempt and further suicide attempt. There were future plans to kill the whole family and to incriminate his father. This work describes some aspects of this challenging task of helping the patient, his family and the staff. It discusses the multiple risk factors and emphasizes


Governance is a theory of public administration that began to take effect in the discipline of public administration after the 1990s. It is a new reflection of new public administration based on neo-liberalism, which was effective in the 1980s. The concept of governance has an important place in democratization based on postmodern and critically public administration in the 1980s and especially after 1990s for the solution of public administration problems brought about by the classical public administration features such as centrality inherited from the Ottoman Empire to republic in the historical period in Turkey and the tradition of bureaucratic administration. In this study, it is suggested that the ombudsman is a governance practice by establishing a relationship between the concept of governance and the Turkish Public Auditing Institution (Ombudsman). From this perspective democratization reforms in public administration reached the summit with the establishment of an ombudsman which followed a stable line in Turkey in 2003.


Sequencing of RT-PCR amplified osteopontin (OPN) gene of buffalo mammary gland revealed its ORF to be of 843 nucleotides, coding for 280 amino acids long protein. Sequence comparison with cattle, sheep and pig showed 4 buffalo specific nucleotide changes. Two additional triplet nucleotides 273ACG275 and 681CAA683 in buffalo OPN as compared to cattle resulted in insertion of 2 amino acids N95 and N227. Phylogenetic analysis based on both nucleotides and amino acids sequence showed buffalo grouping more close to cattle and pig being placed most distantly from other 3 livestock species. Most of functional domains were conserved in buffalo OPN except that one of the 4 chymosin cleavage sites reported in cattle was missing in buffalo. Expression analysis of osteopontin gene by real-time PCR revealed approximately 5 fold increase in lactating buffalo mammary gland as compared to non lactating, indicating its importance in milk production.


This article uncovers the distinctive relationship between sovereignty and translation that is embedded in Hölderlin's "Das Höchste" (a translation of and commentary to Pindar's fragment "Nomos Basileus"). "Das Höchste" asserts that sovereign power is always a mediation of the foundational principles of justice, which it can access only indirectly when enacting law. Translation corresponds to this figuration of sovereignty to the extent that it always mediation rather than a direct conveyance of language, text, and context. As this article demonstrates by juxtaposing "Das Höchste," Hölderlin's letter to Casimir Böhlendorff on modernity's relationship to Greek antiquity, and his sketch "Urtheil und Seyn," Hölderlin understands both sovereignty and translation in terms of problems of knowledge. The concept of discipline (Zucht) as raised in "Das Höchste" indicates how the sovereign/translation might proceed in strict awareness of the fundamental divide between antiquity and the present, text and translation, and justice and law.


Abstract : Naval forces require cost-effective modular systems that can provide real-time feedback of battlefield conditions of the littoral region at all required times of the day or night and without added risk to lives or expensive assets. The ALRT program is developing technologies to enhance current capabilities and provide solutions to current tactical reconnaissance problems. The distinguishing feature of these tests would be the ability to obtain data over a set of more realistic amphibious landing zone environments (surf zone and beaches) to ascertain system performance and to aid in further minefield detection algorithm development when working in optical backgrounds of this type.


There are approximately 200 known xanthones in nature and over forty are found in the mangosteen fruit (Templeman 2008, Morton 2005) The effects of xanthones on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria resistant to ordinary antibiotics, especially penicillin (Linum 1996) showed that they inhibit the reproduction of the bacteria (Mahabusarakam 1986). The polysaccharides from the mangosteen pericarp or skin stimulate the phagocytic white blood cells to become more efficient at removing bacteria.


The goal of this research is to know about the role of Keujruen BIang on Village Government System in Aceh. Research employed yuridis normative method, that examine the Law text book connected with the problem. Data was analyzed through qualitative approach. The result of this research show that Keujreun Hang is one of adat institution include in village government structure in Aceh that help Geuchik (head of village) in forming section, especially to manage watering system.


A comprehensive classification of cerebral arteritis based primarily upon pathological studies is presented. The radiological findings of cerebral arteritis in general are considered, followed by descriptions of individual entities. Associated clinical and radiological manifestations of the various diseases are discussed, with emphasis upon distinguishing characteristics. Differential diagnosis is also considered.


A photometric optimization model for correlated color temperature (CCT) tunable white LED clusters, including down-conversion energy loss, was developed under the constraint of color rendering index (CRI). The CCT tunable R/Y/C white LED cluster, which consists of direct-emission red LEDs, phosphor-coated yellow LEDs (pc-Y LEDs) with green and orange phosphors excited by a blue chip, and pc-C LEDs with green phosphors excited by a blue chip, was obtained under conditions of both CRI and special CRI of R9 for strong red above 98 at CCTs from 2700 to 6500 K. The optimal peak wavelengths of red LED, blue chip, green and orange phosphors, and optimal pc-Y LED as well as pc-C LED are presented. A CCT tunable R/Y/C white LED cluster with CRIs of 97-99, R9s of 98-99, CQSs of 95-97, and LEs of 122-132 lm/W was realized at CCTs from 2731 to 6533 K, which could become an ideal light source for application as Planck's blackbody radiator or daylight source.


The topic of right to work laws is the number one labor relations issue at the present. The subject represents a conflict between two principles of human rights--individual rights v. group rights or rights of the majority. The right to work controversy revolves around the question of whether a worker should be required to become and remain a member of a labor union as a condition of employment. Right to work laws provide that membership or non-membership in a labor union shall not be a qualification or bar to obtaining or retaining employment. It must be remembered that right to work laws are state and not Federal laws. These laws now in effect in nineteen states have come upon the labor relations scene during the post war years since the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act. It was the purpose of this thesis to define the right to work issue and show it in the light of existing labor legislation; to examine and compare basic pro and con arguments over right to work laws; to show effects of right to work laws; and to present the information in such a way that the reader himself can form his own opinion in regard to the right to work laws. This is intended to be a general study of the problem. Debate over these right to work laws has been bitter. The arguments made by the opponents are highly colored with propaganda. States are authorized to enact a right to work law by Section 14 (b) of the Taft -Hartley Act. This is the only area where the Federal preemption doctrine has not been applied. Right to work will probably continue to be an issue of utmost importance and of great controversy in the future.


I. Durtm AM The use of phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressents in the treatment of intractable pain. Sourh A f r i u n M d i r ~ l Jownrd 1077: 51: 246 7. 2. I > L I N L ~ ~ ~ JW, L O ~ L WJ, Mwni J. Alterations in response I U sorniilic pain associated with anaesthesia, XV. Further studies w i t h phenothiarine deriwtives and similar drugs. Bri t i \h . /o i i r~ i i i l of A~wc.srlii~siu I Y63: 35: 597 610 on the letter from Drs Duthie and Ingham. I am delighted that they agree with niq results. I did of course know of their article published in 1077. Their comments on depression fit with my observations that the treatment o f deprcssion with a tetracyclic drug reliekes the depression but not thc pain. the two thus appear to be quite dissociated. I also agree with their final comment about withdrawing the drug, dthough my experience has been that 6 months is a little early and I generally hope for 2 years of consistent relief before I attempt to withdraw treatment.


This paper presents an open source software to protect the Web site application,and through the research,put forward the train of thought and method to modify the program.We let the program can be used better for our application service,and also makes the agent does not become the additional burden of the applications.


This is a story about benchmarks...

There's no way for me to really know how much permanent brain damage I've inflicted upon myself. There's no way


Abstract : Drawing on the decisionmaking literature and on an initial ROC experiment a research design was formulated to investigate multi-stage decisionmaking and cognitive style in conditions of uncertainty. Subjects participating in the simulation experiment were required to discriminate between missile attack or a missile test condition based on probabilistic imperfect information. Results from the signal detection analyses replicated the earlier effects: subjects possessing an analytic style made significantly better discriminations than subjects exhibiting a global style. ANOVA results showed that subjects held higher attack probabilities: (1) in attack conditions, (2) when missile site attack probability was high, (3) as the heat sensor range moved closer to in-missile range, and (4) with each succeeding report. All the two-way interactions proved significant as were two of the three-ways. Overall, subjects demonstrated a strong bias in favor of prior information to gauge attack probability and when that source was weak attempted to use the heat signature information. It was also possible to devise a normative-descriptive model of the subject's multistage decisionmaking that fit the data quite well.


Reactive glia plays a central role in neuroinflammation associated with secondary damage after brain injury. In order to understand the global effects of therapeutic hypothermia on glial activation and neuroinflammation, we performed proteomic profiling of glial cultures following inflammatory stimulation and hypothermic exposure. Primary mixed glial cultures prepared from mouse brains were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon‐γ under normothermic (37°C) or moderate hypothermic (29°C) conditions, and their proteome profiles were compared by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Differentially expressed proteins were determined by high‐throughput label‐free quantification. Under hypothermic conditions, 64 and 16 proteins were upregulated (≥1.5‐fold) and downregulated (≤ 0.7‐fold), respectively, compared to normothermic conditions. More importantly, hypothermia altered the abundance of 143 proteins that were either increased or decreased by inflammatory stimulation. The results were validated for several proteins (ICAM‐1, STAT‐1, YWHAB, and IFIT‐3) by Western blot analysis. Pathway and network analysis indicate that hypothermia influences various biological functions of glia such as molecular transport, cell movement, immune response, cell death, and stress response. In conclusion, moderate hypothermia seems to have a significant effect on the protein expression profiles of brain glia and possibly ensuing neuroinflammation. These proteins may be involved in the protective mechanism of hypothermia against brain injuries.


Through the analysis of the concept of rural tourism,the application value of rural tourism in new period was expounded.The existed problems in the development of rural tourism were pointed out.Considering actual development state,suggestions and countermeasures which were suitable to the development of rural tourism were proposed so as to provide guidance to rural tourism development.


The paper introduces concepts and the general idea of Intelligent Virtual Controls based on Qin's Model,and advances a new instrumental mode ,that is Virtual Intelligent Twist and Rotate Speed Measurer ,which can be used in measuring the frequently used physical parameters in the rotate mechanical systems ,including twist ,rotate speed ,power and the axes-oriented force. The three-layered hiberarchy ,including the interface layer ,the testing and service layer and the hardware driving layer, is brought forward to design the Virtual Intelligent Twist and Rotate Speed Measurer ,which is a new creative method .In the hiberarchy, the lower layers provide the service and support to the upper ones, and the upper layers realize the functions of instruments with call-back of the lower ones .In the framework the three ones divide the work and cooperate well. An Virtual Instrument based on IVC-based-VI is successfully developed which is used in the twist and rotate speed measurement of the mechanical area.


A post-retirement individual affiliated to enterprise pension plan confronts choice of instant or deferred annuitization.A stochastic optimal programming problem which shows that an individual prefers to a-certain-level upside deviation but averse from other deviation is defined.And the simulation results show that the optimal quota of portfolio to be invested into the high-risk asset decreases over time;the less the target preference,the more aggressive is the optimal investment strategy;and deferred annuitization is suitable for less risk-averse individuals.


This book examines the major factors which affect stability and performance in aircraft. It adopts a step-by-step approach, working from the two-degrees of freedom systems to the six-degrees required in stability analysis and avoiding disjunct mathematical leaps. It focuses on basic mathematics and more simplified notation. Avoids unnecessarily complicated notation by following the standard set by the Engineering Sciences Data Unit. Includes a section dedicated to longitudinal stability and control.


Abstract We show that a restriction on the angular derivative of the inducing map does not determine compact composition operators on large weighted Hardy spaces, thus answering in the negative a question posed by T. Kriete.


We examine ecolabels' environmental effectiveness in the context of the international shipping industry. Shipping faces major environmental challenges, and has recently witnessed the introduction of several ecolabels aiming for better environmental outcomes. Extending the ecolabel literature into a mature service industry with global operations, we show that concerns about ecolabel environmental effectiveness also have relevance here. Shipping ecolabels fall short of best practices for design and governance. Our study has policy implications for the achievement of better environmental outcomes in the shipping industry.


The effect of the welding speed on the residual stress of aluminium alloy multi-pass welding was simulated with the thermal elastic-plastic finite element analysis method.Taking the 16V(6pass butt weld) multi-pass welds of End K-K of middle aluminum-alloy car of the high-speed railway train as the research object,the thermal cycling curve method was used to conduct the numerical simulation of residual stresses by following the actual welding process and using the finite element Software Sysweld.Then the residual stresses of welds were measured with the X-ray method.The FEM results conformed to the experimental results.With reference to the original welding process,another two welding processing schemes were obtained by floating the welding speed of each weld pass 2mm/s up and down.The three schemes were computed respectively and their results were compared.The results show as follows:the higher the speed of multi-pass welding,the large the longitudinal residual stress and the smaller the horizontal residual stress;changing of the welding speed has more great impact on the longitudinal residual stress than on the horizontal residual stress.


ESS The European Security Strategy (ESS)1 has been approved by the European Council in December 2003, by document titled "A Secure Europe in a Better World. European Security Strategy". Upon defining the European security and defence politics (ESOP) in 1998 with the main goal to strengthen outside activities of EU through creating its own possibilities for outside activities through development of autonomous civil and military capacities, for international prevention of confrontations and for crisis management. ESS is a document which the Europe uses for the first time to create its mutual security strategy, and represents the very first official and systematic display of security-strategic concept of EU. Document starts with the conclusion that "Europe has never been so successful, so secure or so free", and ends with the conclusion; "The World is filled with new hazards and possibilities". ESS includes the global challenges and five possible threats to the European security: terrorism, arms proliferation for mass destruction, regional conflicts, weak states, i.e. "failed states" and organized crime. The ESS especially brings out the efficient multilateralism and international law that considers it could offer appropriate legal framework for usage of force in international relations. It introduces new terms of "preventive engagement" (which includes activities of diplomacy, economic measures, development cooperation and humanitarian aid), and "efficient multilateralism"2.


This paper presents the dangers (roll over accidents, impact of higher bumper in multicar collisions) and disadvantages (poor fuel economy) of today's sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and also describes a new kind of SUV that is safer, and more fuel efficient. It includes an animation showcasing all of the technology that makes the new SUV possible, and a blueprint of the new features.


Managing the nonlinear phase shifts and generating bandwidths broader than the gain spectrum are the two main challenges of ultrafast fibre lasers, both of which can be addressed by a new amplification method with gain-managed nonlinearity (GMN). The GMN regime is achieved when nonlinear spectral broadening balances gain-shaping. This balance manifests as the absorption of the blue part of the spectrum and the amplification of the red part. Despite running counter to conventional amplifier design rules, this deliberate use of both gain and loss during pulse amplification is a crucial aspect of the GMN regime. In this regime, the pulse and gain spectra evolve together and reshape one another. As a result, the pulse duration can be compressed to sub-100-fs with a spectrum spanning from 1000 to 1150 nm [1].


We construct a model integrating the efficiency wage model of Shapiro-Stiglitz (1984) with the matching-bargaining models of Diamond, Mortensen and Pissarides (DMP). Firms and workers form pairwise matches, workers may shirk on the job, and the wage is set in an asymmetric Nash bargain over the surplus created by nonshirking. The wage is then always higher, and employment lower, than in both the corresponding Shapiro=Stiglitz and DMP models.


Abstract : This thesis proposes reorganizing the Software Base Management System of the Computer Aided Prototyping System (CAPS) to take better advantage of object-oriented database technology, domain analysis and rule based systems. A method for using the Prototyping System Description Language (PSDL) augmented with domain dependent keywords to classify reusable Ada components and organize them in an object-oriented database is presented. A rule based structure needed to implement this software base is also described. Implementation of this structure is a goal for further research. (kr)


The temperature dependence of optical poling of a side-chain azobenzene–polyimide film with high glass transition temperature was experimentally investigated. With the increase of the sample temperature the light-induced second-harmonic generation increased first, and then decreased as the temperature was near its glass transition temperature. The light-induced second-order nonlinear optical coefficient d33 for the optimum temperature was determined to be 6.9 pm/V, which was about 2.7 times that obtained at room temperature. Compared with optical poling at room temperature, this thermal-assisted optical poling not only enhanced d33 of the polyimide film, but also improved the polar order stability of molecules. Optical storage based on optical poling was also demonstrated experimentally.


Introduction -The study was conducted in order to the kinematical analysis of back foot off drive at execution phase in cricket .Twenty randomly selected male students aged 19 to 28 years and who have participated in the C.K.Naidu Trophy from U.P Team, Players of Combined University Camp and the players of Under 22 national Cricket Championship were selected as subjects for this study. Method/methodology -For the biomechanical analysis of selected batting skills in cricket High speed videography technique was employed. The two Casio Exilim EX-F1 high speed camera used for this purpose. Performance of subjects was recorded in control and favourable conditions. The data were recorded from both planes i.e. Sagittal plane and frontal plane. Siliconcoach Pro 7 Softwere was used in order to obtain the values of selected angular kinematics variables ankle, knee, elbow, hip, shoulder and wrist joint and height of centre of gravity from develop stick figures feature. The data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. Results & Discussion - The results have shown the values of descriptive statistics of selected angular kinematics variables at downswing and impact phase in front back off- drive the mean, median and mode for selected angular kinematic variables were nearly equal.


Ocean tide models representing all major diurnal and semidiurnal tidal constituents with a spatial resolution of 0.75°×0.75° have been estimated using the first 1.5 years of ERS 1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry. The ocean tide model was derived from the combined use of ERS 1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON data by using a modified orthotide formulation that simultaneously solves for all diurnal and semidiurnal constituents as well as the annual signal. An additional adjustment of the solar semidiurnal harmonic of the gravitational potential was applied in order to account for radiational forcing, particularly in the S2 constituent. TOPEX/POSEIDON provides excellent ocean tide estimates in the open ocean. However, especially in coastal regions, the track spacing of TOPEX/POSEIDON (315 km at the equator) is too coarse to determine large parts of the ocean tide signal. For these regions the inclusion of data from the ERS 1 35-day repeat mission provides a valuable supplement, as the ERS 1 satellite has a track spacing which is around 3.6 times better than that of the TOPEX/POSEIDON satellite. The combined ERS 1 and TOPEX/POSEIDON ocean tide solution exhibits distinct sectoral geographical pattern of highs and lows when compared with the Cartwright and Ray (1990, 1991) ocean tide model. This indicates the presence of small but fundamental orbit errors present in the Cartwright and Ray ocean tide solution. Compared with a new set of 104 tide gauge readings compiled by Le Provost, the RMS differences of the combined ERS 1 and TOPEX solution are 2.51, 1.67, 1.58, and 1.13 cm for the M2, S2, K1, and O1 constituents, respectively. The increased spatial resolution of the combined ERS 1 and TOPEX model as compared to a TOPEX-alone model is seen to reduce RMS differences from 37 to 22 cm for the M2 constituent, when compared to a selection of 90 pelagic and coastal tide gauges in the northwest European shelf region.


The arboreal composition of squares and streets of the city are characterized as one of the most important elements that make up the ecosystem and that, for the benefits they produce, should be a constant concern of any and all urban planning. The objective was to identify and classify the tree species that compose the urban afforestation of a small municipality. A survey of the tree and shrub species, of the square and of the public roads of the county of Coqueiros do Sul RS was carried out, as well as the frequency and classification of the species as to their origin. 155 specimens were found, belonging to 18 families and 28 species. The families that presented the greatest species richness were: Lauraceae and Bignoniaceae, Myrtaceae and Meliaceae. In the determination of the species, it was verified that the arborization is composed of 60.65% of native trees and 39.35% of exotic ones. The urban arborization of the municipality was evaluated as healthy, because all the trees found are in good phytosanitary conditions, no tree presents root problems. In the composition of the afforestation, the species Cinnamomum zeylanicum obtained the most expressive number of representatives. Therefore, programs of monitoring and management of the environment of the square and surrounding streets are necessary so that the population continues to use these spaces as a leisure and wellness area, without the degradation of the specimens. The greatest diversity should always be sought, pointing to the need to encourage the planting of more native species to value the natural landscape of the city, to reduce the homogeneity of vegetation


Figure 1 A: Ultrasound imaging of the right subclavian artery showing the dissection. FL: False lumen. LV: True lumen. Arrows: intimal flap. B: Doppler flow in the right vertebral artery showing an intermittent flow. C: CT imaging, oblique view focused to present the extent of the dissection to the supra-aortic vessels. D: TC Imaging, lateral view: the dissection extends towards the descending aorta. An asymptomatic 51-years-old man, with history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, five years ago subjected to Bentall operation for DeBakey type I aortic dissection, was admitted to our department for follow-up. Carotid Doppler study showed an asymptomatic extent of dissection (Fig. 1A) but especially intermittent flow of both vertebral arteries (Fig. 1B). Chest and abdominal CT showed signs of previous surgery, extent of the dissection to the supra-aortic vessels (Fig. 1C), presence of dissection of the descending aorta (Fig. 1D), left common iliac artery, left external iliac artery, right common carotid artery and anonymous artery. The presence of intermittent vertebral flow can be associated to vertebro-basilar insufficiency (VBI) that is a hemodynamic posterior circulation transient ischemic attack (TIA). VBI may result from large vessel atherosclerotic disease, dissection, cervical compressive lesions, and subclavian steal phenomenon.


If all firms are well informed and rational, it is not possible for a country to be more efficient than all other countries in producing an y particular commodity. For if a country were uniformly more efficient than other countries, it would have an incentive to share its superio r technology with them. Copyright 1988 by Royal Economic Society.


Annotations status at the beginning of modENCODE At the beginning of modENCODE project, only 46% of the genes, 30% of transcripts, and 48% of exons were experimentally verified across their entire length. The annotation set that existed at the time was FlyBase version 2008_09 release 5.12 (FB5.12) 1 which we used as the starting point of our analysis. Systematic experimental validation of these annotated features comes primarily from EST and cDNA sequences (reviewed in 2), which are biased toward abundantly expressed and moderately sized transcripts. FB5.12 contains 1,081 annotated ncRNA genes. Of these, 927 are named genes, primarily tRNAs, snoRNAs, snRNAs and miRNAs. The remaining 157 include both well-known and uncharacterized ncRNAs. From the total RNA-Seq data we detected expression of 171 of the 249 annotated snoRNAs, 14 of 32 annotated snRNAs, 115 of 292 annotated tRNAs, five of 11 annotated predicted non-coding RNAs 3 , one of 22 annotated mitochondrial tRNAs, 21 of 88 annotated miRNAs, 21 of 97 annotated RNAs (CR RNAs), seven of 40 annotated snmRNAs, as well as 7SLRNA and RNase P. Summary of RNA-Seq Experiments From the poly(A)+ RNA-Seq libraries sequenced on the Illumina GAIIx platform, a total of 3.5 billion reads (265 Gb of sequence) was generated comprising between 72 and 193 million reads from each of the 30 RNA samples (Supplementary Table 3). Between 51 and 112 million reads from each of the 30 samples were uniquely mapped to the genome (Release 5) or splice junctions (Supplementary Table 3). From the total RNA-Seq libraries sequenced on the SOLiD platform, we generated between 5 and 9 million uniquely mapped reads for each time point for a total of 92,548,111 million mapped reads (4,627,405,550 bp) (Supplementary Table 4). In addition, we generated 3,225,745 single-end reads of ~250 bp (1,154,880,016 bp) using the Roche 454 platform from poly(A)+ RNA from mixed-stage embryos, adult males, and adult females (long poly(A)+ RNA-seq) (Supplementary Table 5). For the short poly(A)+ RNA-Seq experiments, replicate lanes are highly reproducible regardless of the laboratory in which the library was sequenced or whether single read or paired-end data were compared (average Pearson Correlation Coefficient (R)=0.99, tau > 0.94). The results described throughout the paper are derived from merging all lanes sequenced from each biological sample. Furthermore, there was high concordance between the RNA-Seq data and 38 bp tiling arrays when comparing annotated sequences (Supplementary Figure 6).


The performances of four pulse shaping schemes over long-haul fiber nonlinear channel are analyzed based on numerical simulations. Constraints from practical high-speed DAC, ADC resolution and bandwidth are also compared among different pulse shaping.


The University of Saskatchewan is building one of the largest campuswide Ethernet networks in North America. A brief review of the history, progress to date, and lessons learned from this project is given. Issues such as performance in a large local area network (LAN) are addressed, including some measurements of actual performance in a multisegment network spanning the campus. Many of the real problems have to do with retrofitting old buildings with modern cable technology. Solutions are described that provide future flexibility at reasonable cost. Some examples of computer applications that are facilitated by such a network are included.<<ETX>>