BACKGROUND: Śliwowica Łącka is a strong, distilled, home-made plum brandy produced in a submontane region of Poland. The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition of this alcoholic beverage (samples from the years 2001–2004) and compare it with that of other plum brandies. Gas chromatography and spectrophotometry methods were used to detect major volatile components.

RESULTS: Home-made Polish plum brandies generally contained more ethanol (64.7–72.5% v/v), methanol (5.59–8.74 g L−1100°) and butanol (32–335 mg L−1100°) and less isobutanol (406–491 mg L−1100°), pentanol (4.3–14.9 mg L−1100°) and 2-phenylethanol (61–68 mg L−1100°) than other samples. The amyl alcohols/1-propanol and isobutanol/1-propanol ratios might be used as indices to distinguish spontaneously fermented plum brandies from those produced by monoculture. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) were found in the plum brandy sensory characteristics examined. Total sensory scores of Polish plum brandies ranged between 12.0 and 14.3, while Slovakian Slivovica received the highest score (16.7).

CONCLUSION: The results showed that plum brandies produced in the Łącko area are characterised by a similar and original chemical composition that results mainly from spontaneous fermentation as well as traditional production technology. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry


A coupled integral equation formulation and a method of moments (MoM) solution are presented for the problem of scattering by a thin conducting wire of circular cross section with ferrite loading. It is proved that ferrite loading can be used to reduce the radar cross section of long thin objects at their resonant frequency. >


The wireless device receives the available themes available from the activation server, and premium content. The wireless device can select a theme for the download and activation. The activation server licensed to the wireless device that the theme or verify that the premium content was access, and since the wireless device activating the theme or premium content. If the theme or premium content does not reside on the wireless device, the activation server can transmit the theme or premium content to the wireless device.


There is a long tradition – at least within the European legal history – that the taking of property, expropriation, should (only) take place in the public interest and that damages caused by the expropriation should be compensated. In most cases the question whether the compensation offered was adequate could be brought before a judge. This system, in which expropriationmust be accompanied by compensation and inwhich the compensation should preferably be determined by the judiciary – is also a cornerstone of most laws on expropriation in modern law. There is therefore – we would claim – a strong enough basis to support our starting point that in every 'civilised' legal system there is (be it in constitutional law or in case law) a general duty to pay compensation for expropriation. As far as the structure of this compensation is concerned, we also recognize some common ground between various jurisdictions. Three components are usually distinguished: (i) the value of the property taken, (ii) the decrease of the value of the remaining property due to the expropriation and (iii) other damages sustained by reason of the expropriation. In this article we would like to focus


In this paper, a natural language processing (NLP) framework is proposed to build the Chinese natural language interaction between human and the multi-legged manipulating robot which has both locomotion and manipulation functions. The Chinese natural language instruction is transformed into formal representations by this method. Firstly, Cascaded Conditional Random Fields (CCRFs) is employed to analyze the syntax of the instruction. Letter-based features are used in each layer of CCRFs to solve problem caused by word segmentation. In order to understand the modification relationship between entity classes in chunk, one judgment method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) is proposed. To solve the problem of the large number of core verbs in instructions generated by the multiple robot motion types, a classification of verbs based on Naive Bayes classifier was presented. And the semantic framework of each type of verbs is established to determine the necessary and unnecessary roles for each kind of verbs. At last, several experiments are carried out and the results of each step of framework are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. It is instructive to understand Chinese natural language instructions for robots with complex motion.


In the Prior Analytics Aristotle examines syllogisms that contain apodeictic and problematic premisses, as well as combinations of these with assertoric premisses. Of these various syllogisms, it is the mixed apodeictic-assertoric type that has received the most attention. Aristotle discusses this type of syllogism in Prior Analytics I.ix–xii. In this paper I will deal primarily with these syllogisms, which I will henceforth refer to simply as 'apodeictic'.


The drive to collectivize Soviet agriculture in the winter of 1930 was "spontaneous" (stikhiinyi) in the extreme. Spontaneous, in this context, is not a synonym for voluntary; instead, it denotes the process by which collectivization was implemented from January to March 1930. This process was characterized by a deficit in organization and order, a revolutionary impulsiveness tempered by neither law nor legality, and, perhaps most of all, "teleological planning" based on constant upward revisions of numerical indicators as plans and directives were passed down the hierarchical chain of regional command. Central control, in the traditional sense, was nonexistent or ineffective; control, central or otherwise, seemingly so pervasive in "Stalinist" collectivization, is simply a misnomer for the arbitrary coercion that prevailed at the time and was predicated, in large part, upon the very absence of such control.


Despite the recent improvement of object detection techniques, many of them fail to detect objects in low-luminance images. The blurry and dimmed nature of low-luminance images results in the extraction of vague features and failure to detect objects. In addition, many existing object detection methods are based on models trained on both sufficient- and low-luminance images, which also negatively affect the feature extraction process and detection results. In this article, we propose a framework called Self-adaptive Feature Transformation Network (SFT-Net) to effectively detect objects in low-luminance conditions. The proposed SFT-Net consists of the following three modules: (1) feature transformation module, (2) self-adaptive module, and (3) object detection module. The purpose of the feature transformation module is to enhance the extracted feature through unsupervisely learning a feature domain projection procedure. The self-adaptive module is utilized as a probabilistic module producing appropriate features either from the transformed or the original features to further boost the performance and generalization ability of the proposed framework. Finally, the object detection module is designed to accurately detect objects in both low- and sufficient- luminance images by using the appropriate features produced by the self-adaptive module. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SFT-Net framework significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art object detection techniques, achieving an average precision (AP) of up to 6.35 and 11.89 higher on the sufficient- and low- luminance domain, respectively.


Abstract The referential reaction empirically determines reduced-order models for designing and tuning feedback controllers dedicated to tracking non-stationary conditions in batch processes. Defining a feedback control system for a batch distillation implies first the selection of an appropriate tray temperature evolution. Then, the dynamics associated to the manipulated variable (distillate flow rate) is isolated from the main time-variable behavior desired for the operation, and used with available tuning rules for integrating systems. The effectiveness of this procedure is illustrated by implementing a feasible quasi-optimal recipe derived from pinch theory and valid for multicomponent mixtures.


This study aimed to investigate whether combination therapy of unilateral lumbar sympathectomy, endarterectomy and percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty had a better therapeutic effect than endarterectomy alone for patients with thromboangitis obliterans (TAO). From August 2009 to January 2014, a total of 114 patients with TAO who underwent surgical treatment were recruited. Totally, 78 patients of combination group received the lumbar sympathectomy combined endarterectomy and percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty, 36 patients of single group received endarterectomy. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and patency rates were detected in the combination and single groups 1 week, 6 months, and 12 months after operation. The operative successful rates were 97% (76/78) and 100% (36/36) in the combination and single groups, respectively. The ABI value was significantly higher in the combination group than that in the single group (P<0.05) 1 week, 6 months and 12 months after operation, respectively. In addition, the patency rates were 85.5% (59/69) and 84.8% (28/33), respectively, in the combination and single groups 6 months after operation, as well as 75.4% (52/69) and 63.6% (21/33) 12 months after operation (P<0.05). The combination therapy of lumbar sympathectomy, endarterectomy and percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty might be superior to single endarterectomy for patients with TAO in the short term. However, more cases collection and the long-term follow-up data were necessary to further perfect therapeutic method for TAO.


AIMS
The bacterial communities associated with the gastrointestinal tract are primarily involved in digestion, physiology and immune response against pathogenic bacteria for the overall development and health of the host. Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha), a tropical anadromous fish, found predominantly in Bangladesh and India, has so far been poorly investigated for its gut bacterial communities. In this study, both culture-based and metagenomic approaches were used to detect intestinal isolates of hilsa, captured from both freshwater and seawater to investigate the community structure of intestinal microbiota.

METHODS AND RESULTS
Culture-dependent approach allowed to isolate a total of 23 distinct bacterial species comprising sixteen Gram-negative, and seven Gram-positive isolates, where Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were identified as the two most dominant phyla. While metagenomic approach explored a wide range of important gastrointestinal bacteria, primarily dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, with Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, being the most abundant in freshwater and seawater samples, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
A combination of these approaches provided the differential gastrointestinal-associated bacterial diversity in freshwater and seawater hilsa with the prediction of overall functional potential.


Coexistence of muscovites and paragonites with 2M1 and 3T structures was found in one and the same hand rock specimen of zoisite-amphibolite from the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt, Shikoku, Japan. Both polymorphs of the muscovite and the paraganite have much the same chemical compositions, respectively. Their lattice constants and chemical compositions are given.


Department of Forest Genetics Resources, Korea Forest Research Institute, Suwon 441-350, Korea(Received November 15, 2012; Revised November 23, 2012; Accepted December 4, 2012)ABSTRACTThis research was performed to analyze grow th performance and pattern of eighteen families ofhinoki cypress ( Chamaecyparis obtusa ), which were imported in Jeju region. The growths of  ako-7,YMuei-1, and Sangsong-9 families were superior to other families whereas those of Sanguen-3,Yago-6, and Hyena-2 families were poor. The height growth between age 9-year to 15-year wassuperior to those between other ages. No specific growth pattern was observed in the diameter atbreast height (DBH) by ages. Family heritability of height, DBH, and volume were estimated at 0.68,0.75, and 0.75, respectively. Pearsons correlation analysis showed that there was little juvenile-maturecorrelation in the growth of C. obtusa.Key words : Growth performance, Patterns, Family heritability, Age correlation, Chamaecyparis obtusa


Abstract
 The ongoing crisis in the euro zone raises the question of whether the previously chosen path of European integration is likely to spur internal and external competitiveness and capability of action. In economic terms, it is about a strategy that does justice to the uniqueness of the landscape of European markets. Its special feature is that Europe – in
contrast to North America – has developed diverse economic cultures historically whose qualities match the requirements of distinct markets and whose set of institutions are functional. An adequate European economic policy has to acknowledge these cultures and develop strategies to improve their individual effectiveness, i.e. comparative institutional
advantage. This productive governance (Ordnungspolitik of the visible hand) is in stark contrast to a policy of harmonization that emanates from the idea of uniform market conditions. The attempt to integrate Europe on the basis of a "multi-speed" model has failed. The essential task now is to take into account the diversity of economic cultures
in Europe and to unite the continent along a variety of paths. What the EU needs are rules and strategies that create unity in diversity, realizing its official motto: united in diversity. What Europe needs is an integration strategy on several paths – not only at several speeds.
 JEL Codes: F15, F53


According to analysis of numerous of thin slices,image pores,scanning mirror,mercury penetration and physical preoperties,lithology characteristics,poroperm characteristics,pore configuration and poroperm types of Chang 8 oil layer in northeast region of Ordos basin were studied.The results show that the lithology characteristics in this area are topical french grey and grey green fine grain lithic feldspar-porphyry sandstone,feldspar-porphyry sandstone and feldspar-porphyry lithic sandstone;interstitial materials are consisting of clay mineral,carbonate,secondary limestone,secondary feldspar cement and miscellany;chief cement texture is porous cement;reserving space is interparticle channel;pore types are fine pore-slim throat and slim pore-tiny slim throat;and the reservoir have poor porosity and permeability.Reserving capability is controlled by sequence stratigraphy and diagenic metamorphism,while compaction is main factor to lead to the poor porosity.The secondary pore close to fracture makes up the chief reserving space of oil and gas,and the distribution of which controls the reservoir range.


2 page report (news clipping), addressed to the president of the Anderson Relief Association, describing the Yellow Fever epidemic in Senatobia


The purpose of this article was to enhance hydropihlicity of polyethylene films by grafting AAm.PE films pretreated by Ar plasma were subjected to UV-induced graft polymerization with acrylamide without photo-initiator.The surface properties of PE-g-PAAm were studied by ATR-FTIR,XPS and contact angle measurement.It was validated that the UV-irduced graft polymerization combining the plasma pretreatment on PE films was good for enhancing the grafting yields and improving the hydropihlicity.Effects of plasma composite parameter(W/(FM)),plasma pretreatment time,AAc monomer concentration and and UV irradiation time on grafting yields were investigated systematically.As a result,the optimized reaction condition was: W/(FM) = 0.08 ~ 0.10 GJ/kg,plasma pretreatment time = 2 min,AAc monomer concentration = 20 wt.%,and UV irradiation time = 30 min.


Objective Observe the effect after applying performance assessment in nursing management practice in neurology department. Method Selected 20 nurses from neurology department in our hospital as the observation objects. Formulated corresponding nurse assessment implementation plan, established the assessment group to evaluate their work performance and combined the assessment results with performance bonus. Compared nursing quality, nurses' work attitude and patient satisfaction after one year's implementation. Results Nurses' working quality, professional skill and patient satisfaction were improved after conducting performance assessment. Conclusion In neurology department, performance assessment could arouse nurses' initiative and enthusiasm, improve nursing quality and efficiency and form a good relationship between doctors and patients, which would promote long-term development for the hospital.


Although intraocular tumors reside in an immune‐privileged site, they can circumvent immune privilege and undergo rejection, which typically follows one of two pathways. One pathway involves CD4+ T cells, delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH), and the culmination in ischemic necrosis of the tumor and phthisis (atrophy) of the eye. The second pathway is DTH‐independent and does not inflict collateral injury to ocular tissues, and the eye is preserved. In this study, we used a well‐characterized tumor, Ad5E1, to analyze the role of IFN‐γ in the nonphthisical form of intraocular tumor rejection. The results showed that IFN‐γ induced tumor cell apoptosis, inhibited tumor cell proliferation, and promoted rejection by inhibiting angiogenesis. Microarray analysis revealed that IFN‐γ induced up‐regulation of five antiangiogenic genes and down‐regulation of four proangiogenic genes in Ad5E1 tumor cells. Although IFN‐γ knockout (KO) mice have progressively growing intraocular tumors, IFN‐γ was not needed for the elimination of extraocular tumors, as all IFN‐γ KO mice rejected s.c. tumor inocula. This represents a heretofore unrecognized role for IFN‐γ in circumventing ocular immune privilege and eliminating intraocular tumors. The findings also reveal that some IFN‐γ‐independent tumor rejection processes are excluded from the eye and may represent a new facet of ocular immune privilege.


Background/Objectives: The goal of this research is to examine the elements which influence Small and Medium Enterprises (SME's) in developing countries in terms of E-Commerce (EC). The justification of this research is the lack of sound research on EC adoption by SME's in developing countries, as they lag behind developed countries although they have the capabilities. Additionally, few studies exist on this matter in Palestine, thus the study's results can be applied to similar countries. Methods/Analysis: The research incepted a model based on TOE framework, which has six proposed variables that affect EC adoption by SME's. The variables were divided into technological and organizational factors. 250 decisions makers in Palestine were surveyed; a Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) using Analysis of Moments Structures (AMOS) was utilized for validating the proposed model. Findings: It was found that technology factors and organization factors are the determinant elements that impact Palestinian SMEs in their adoption of EC. Applications: The findings in this research can increase the adoption level of EC among SMEs sector of Palestine.


Sodium nitrite and thiourea microcapsule corrosion inhibitors were prepared using microcapsule technology.The characters of these two products were characterized by UV-spectrophotometry, polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods.It was found that the microcapsule technology could suppress the releasing rate of the corrosion inhibitor,and the corrosion inhibitor released by these two products could effectively inhibit the corrosion rate of metal.


In order to improve the conversion speech intelligibility and natural degrees,based on speech signal feature extraction,pay great attention to the research of speech signal prosody characteristics,put forward a prosody characteristics extraction method based on multi-time scale and parameterized representation.Based on stepwise refinement strategy,achieve the implementation of prosodic feature extraction on different time scales,which can enable detailed full description for prosodic information from global to local,overcome the ambiguity and complexity of prosody characterization.The experimental results show that the performance of proposed voice conversion system in four test type is good,and compared with existing Gaussian mixture model,ABX test results increased by 10.88%,and at the same time,MOS scoring average is improved by 18.59%.


The present study is focused on a comparison of the physical properties and dimensional characterization of magnetic nanoparticles suspensions in water or kerosene (aqueous versus oily magnetic fluids) prepared in our laboratories for biomedical or technical applications. The magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by chemical co-precipitation from ferric and ferrous salts in alkali medium. In the kerosene based magnetic fluids magnetic particles were coated with oleic acid at relatively high temperature in hexane medium. In the aqueous magnetic fluid the magnetic nanoparticles obtained by similar chemical co-precipitation method were dispersed following functionalizing with citric acid also at high temperature. Both types of nanoparticles colloidal suspensions were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA).


NASA has developed the Spot and Runway Departure Advisor (SARDA), which plans spot crossing times and runway sequences to more efficiently manage departures on an airport surface, and extensively studied the concept and algorithms in the context of Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. This paper reports on a study of the SARDA concept at three new airports – Philadelphia International Airport (PHL), Charlotte-Douglas International Airport (CLT), and Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). The investigation of SARDA at these new airports included both fast-time simulation experiments as well as a human factors evaluation. A fast-time simulation was developed for PHL, CLT, and LAX airports, capable of simulating both baseline operations and operations with NASA's SARDA concept in use. Multiple traffic scenarios were simulated at each airport and metrics detailing the differences between the SARDA and baseline operations analyzed. Results supported the conclusion that SARDA provides substantial benefits at all three airports. To complement the simulations, structured interviews were conducted with retired air traffic controllers who had experience at the focus airports. The human factors study provided a qualitative, alternative investigation into how SARDA would operate at these airports, and identified issues not observable through the simulations as well as additional concept and algorithmic requirements related to off-nominal situations. Keywords—Airport surface traffic management; departure reservoir management


The safety issue plays an important role for the reliability of flight control software of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),it is required to design a fault diagnosis expert system in flight control system. Our main contribution to this work is in providing a weighted fuzzy Petri Nets approach for modeling the fault diagnosis of flight control system. The systematic rule-based knowledge is obtained from human expertise and the fault diagnosis is opening,in which the reasoning rules can be updated and added anytime.The diagnosis result of the proposed the fault diagnosis of flight control system without human expert is consistent with the real result.It is shown that the fault diagnosis of flight control system is very effective and efficient.


Subsea seawater treatment modules that use electrochlorination as pre-treatment were deployed with more than 20,000 hours of subsea operational run-time. Operational data and lessons learned indicate that the pre-treatment stage is key to the longevity of the overall subsea seawater treatment plant.
 A self-cleaning, 4 years maintenance-free electrochlorination system has been refined and tested for six months. This paper will present the test set up, test results, findings, and lessons learned from current testing and previous operations, specifically around longevity.
 An operational mode that allows for long-term subsea operation, without the need for system retrieval for cleaning with acid or alkaline is described in detail. Full-scale testing performed for 6 months established the various process parameters (current density, flow rate, polarity intervals and duration, electrode material, etc.) for minimizing and controlling the scale formation process to minimize subsea maintenance and proving the longevity. An automatic self-cleaning process and sequence have been established using the exact cell and power supply intended for real field application.
 Electrochlorination is the process of producing hypochlorite by passing electric current through seawater. When producing sodium hypochlorite (disinfective agent) in situ by electrolysis, precipitation of insoluble salts like calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide will happen on the cathode. In the industry, this precipitate is typically called scale. The scale should be removed frequently from the process system, since this may otherwise reduce the confidence in cell longevity (if scale formation is not controlled). Therefore, electrochlorination is impacted by scale.
 The electrochlorination test setup is identical to what is intended to be used in actual field application. Condition monitoring was established through video recording, camera pictures, continuous voltage, electrical current, and process flow parameter trends. The continuous data collection for the 6-month operation was analyzed on a weekly basis.
 The test data was compared to operational data collected during two subsea deployments and showed that there is a significant improvement in electrochlorination system performance to achieve the minimum four-year, maintenance-free intervention period set for the subsea pre-treatment system.
 This testing established operating parameters such as current densities, polar reverse sequence, etc. Also, intervals and duration for operating the cells to guarantee long-term maintenance-free subsea operation are part of the findings of this testing. The test data will feed into the operation, maintenance, and sparing philosophy for subsea seawater treatment systems.
 Typical electrochlorinator (EC) systems are known to require frequent maintenance, requiring manpower and chemicals which are practically incompatible with subsea systems. The novelty of this paper is that a methodology for a maintenance-free, self-cleaning electrochlorination system has been successfully tested and proven for 6 months, enabling a minimum of 4 years maintenance-free subsea seawater treatment system operation. This would lead to significant capex and opex reductions for field applications.


The invention relates to a method for improving sensitivity of a stethoscope. The method includes the steps that an electronic circuit board is installed in the stethoscope, and provided with a battery module, an ultrahigh-sensitivity microphone receiving module, a pre-amplification module, a secondary audio amplification module, a gain control module and an audio output module. The ultrahigh-sensitivity microphone receiving module is connected with a diaphragm vibration collector at the forefront end of the stethoscope to complete signal conversion, signals are sequentially transmitted to the pre-amplification module and the secondary audio amplification module through an access interface and are amplified, the sound signals are output through the audio output module and an output interface, the battery module is connected with the pre-amplification module and the secondary audio amplification module, and the gain control module and the pre-amplification module are connected to automatically adjust gains. The method is easy to operate, the signals received by the stethoscope can be clear, the gains can be automatically adjusted, and noise is eliminated better.


Introduction: Inpatient services are the leading drivers of cost for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), and the number of Medicare beneficiaries who receive autologous HCT is increasing. Using a merged dataset of Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) transplant and outcomes data and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare administrative claims data, we examined reimbursement and service utilization among Medicare beneficiaries with multiple myeloma (MM) who received IP and OP autologous HCT.
 Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. A total of 11,358 HCT recipients from 2010-2012 were identified in the CMS Medicare database; 9,055 (80%) were linked with CIBMTR data. Selection criteria included first HCT for MM, diagnosis-to-HCT time between 0 and 18 months, and continuous enrollment for 30 days prior to index and 100 days post-HCT or until death. For IP-HCT, the index period for reimbursement and service utilization was day of admission for HCT through discharge date. For OP-HCT, the index period was day -2 through HCT date to capture the conditioning regimen. Total IP and OP service days from 30 days prior to index and 100 days post-HCT, and subsequent admissions post the HCT index period were calculated. Total reimbursement consisted of all payments made to providers (Medicare payments for Part A & B services, secondary payer, and patient responsibility of deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments), which was adjusted by a weighted generalized linear model (GLM). Patient responsibility was assessed separately and adjusted by the same GLM. Kaplan-Meier method was used for overall survival (OS) analysis; potential factors associated with OS were adjusted by Cox regression modeling.
 Results: The final cohort comprised 1,640 patients; 1,445 (88%) received IP-HCT (126 centers) and 195 (12%) OP-HCT (24 centers). Patient characteristics, functional status, disease status, and HCT year were similar between groups except a higher percentage of IP-HCT recipients were 70 years and older (IP-HCT: 31%, OP-HCT: 19%; P=0.0003), and a lower percentage of IP-HCT recipients received full dose melphalan 200 mg/m2 (IP-HCT: 68%, OP-HCT: 90%; P=0.0036). There was a significant difference between the cohorts in the utilization of IP services (IP-HCT group: median 19 days, OP-HCT group: 4 days; P < 0.0001) and OP services (IP-HCT group: median 16 days, OP-HCT group: 33 days; P < 0.0001) at day 100. Adjusted total mean reimbursement for the IP-HCT group ($83,380 [95% CI: $78,958-$88,051]) was higher than the OP-HCT group ($55,721 [95% CI: $38,595-$80,446]) (P= 0.0301) (Figure). Factors associated with total reimbursement in the GLM were transplant setting, age, sex, comorbidity index, diagnosis-to-HCT time, and melphalan dose. Adjusted total patient responsibility for the IP-HCT group was $4,567 (95% CI: $4,210- $4,955) and $7,372 ($4,218- $12,884) (P=0.0902) for the OP-HCT group. Within 100 days post-HCT, 107/195 (55%) OP-HCT recipients had at least one subsequent admission, compared to 348/1,445 (24%) IP-HCT recipients (P < 0.0001). OS at 100 days was high for both HCT settings and adjusted OS was not significantly different by transplant setting (IP-HCT 98% [95% CI: 97%-99%]; OP-HCT 99% [95% CI: 98%-100%; P=0.1903)
 Conclusions: Reimbursement and service utilization varied by HCT setting for Medicare beneficiaries with MM. Total reimbursement for 100 days post-HCT was $27,659 higher for IP-HCT than OP-HCT, after adjusting for patient and HCT-related characteristics. After the HCT index period, approximately 1 in 4 IP-HCT recipients required re-hospitalization within 100 days, whereas 1 in 2 OP-HCT recipients required subsequent hospitalization. Many factors influence the decision between IP or OP autologous HCT, including: center experience, severity of disease, patient co-morbidities, access to caregivers, proximity of lodging, cost to the patient, and reimbursement for services to the hospital system. The CIBMTR-CMS merged database is a new resource to support ongoing efforts to inform transplant centers and healthcare systems about provision of care options in the Medicare population.
 Figure. Figure.

 Ganguly: Janssen: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Speakers Bureau; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding.


ABSTRACT In October 2013, shallow landslides occurred on the western slopes of Miharayama central cone on Izu-Oshima lsland, located about 120 km from Tokyo, Japan, caused by heavy rainfall during Typhoon Wipha (No. 26). In December 2013 and June 2014, we collected soils from different depths in a landslide-denuded area and an adjacent, intact forested area. We cultivated Alnus sieboldiana seedlings in these soils and examined the formation of root nodules of Frankia, a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing actinomycete, and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi on alder roots. Nodulation and EM formation were observed in samples from both areas, except in soil collected from 50 to 100 cm depths from the surface of the landslide-denuded soil. In June 2014, we found that Aln. sieboldiana seeds had dispersed from neighboring forests had germinated on the surface of the landslide-denuded soil. Root nodules and EM were found on the roots of 91.2 and 93.2% of 148 seedlings, respectively. According to a bioassay test and field observations, the dominant types of EM fungi that formed on the seedlings were Alpova and Tomentella. These results show that Frankia and some EM species may be important for vegetation recovery after landslides on this Island.


Abstract Phylogenetic relationships among 12 species of the genus Draco were inferred from 779 base pairs of mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA genes and allozymes for 20 presumptive loci. Results indicated the presence of at least four distinct lineages within the genus. The first lineage consists of D. volans and D. cornutus, whereas the second only of D. lineatus, which exhibits a great genetic divergence between two subspecies. The third is monotypic with D. dussumieri, the only species distributed in southern India. The fourth included all the remaining species. The third and fourth lineages are supposed to exclusively share a common ancestor. It is likely that the common ancestor of whole Draco originally diverged into three groups, the ancestors of the first, second, and third and fourth lineages, by vicariance. In the fourth lineage, D. blanfordii, D. haematopogon, D. melanopogon, D. obscurus and D. taeniopterus are likely to be exclusively close to each other. The resultant phylogenetic tree contradicts the dichotomous relationships previously hypothesized on the basis of morphological characters.


This article assesses the acoustic pollution of Abakan, which belongs to the category of large cities. Significant excess, according to the results of research, reaching 110 dB(A), occurs pointwise along highways and is observed in the central part of the city where the railway tracks run. Excesses on these sites are recorded twice as high as the normative indicator which is equal 55 dB(A). Building sites located in the northern, western and southwestern city districts should be considered as problematic areas in terms of extra acoustic load. Within these areas, the noise load reaches 65 dB(A). In northern and southern residential areas of Abakan, the noise level corresponds to the acoustic comfort mode. Additional noise measurements made in mid- and multi-storey residential areas of the city showed that the highest noise level is observed in winter period and reaches 68,8 dB(A). In summer, the noise level does not exceed the standard adopted for this physical factor.


This paper studies a nonparametric hedonic equilibrium model in which certain product characteristics are unobserved. Unlike most previously studied hedonic models, both the observed and unobserved agent heterogeneities enter the structural functions nonparametrically. Prices are endogenously determined in equilibrium. Using both within- and cross-market price variation, I show that all the structural functions of the model are nonparametrically identified up to normalization. In particular, the unobserved product quality function is identified if the relative prices of the agent characteristics differ in at least two markets. Following the constructive identification strategy, I provide easy- to-implement series minimum distance estimators of the structural functions and derive their consistency and uniform rates of convergence. To illustrate the estimation procedure, I estimate the unobserved efficiency of American full-time workers as a function of age and unobserved ability.


Objective: To explore the clinical and laboratory features of multiple myeloma(MM) . Methods: Clinical and labortory data of 82 previously untreated patients with MM were analyzed. Results: In MM subgroup A and B, patients with Bence Jones pro-teinuria were 20% and 51. 9% , respectively( P 0. 01), patients of stage El were 67. 3% and 92. 6% , respectively( P 0. 05), patients with serum p2-MG56 mg/L were 43. 8% and 87. 5%, respectively(P 0. 01), and patients with serum Ca2. 98 mmol/L were 5. 5% and 25. 9%, respectively( P 0. 025). In the groups of combinding plasmablast with immature plasmacyte and combinding intermediate with mature plasmacyte, patients with Hb level 85g/L were 82. 4% and 40% respectively( P 0. 025), patients with serum p2-MG 6 mg/L were 87. 5% and 20% respectively( P 0. 005), and patients with^30% bone marrow plasma-cell (BMPC) were 76. 5% and 32. 0% respectively( P 0. 025) . Elder patients( 65 years) among the groups of complete or partial response, improvement and disease progression were 30% , 32. 6% and 37. 5% respectively! P 0. 05). Conclusion: Patients with IgA myeloma have hyperviscosity more usually than patients with IgG myeloma. Thrombocytopenia is rare in early phase of myeloma; The incidence of hypercalcemia was low. Renal insufficiency was more common in patients with Bence Jones proteinuria, stage HI, hypercalcemia and increased serumb2-MG. Lower Hb, higher b2-MG level and higher BMPC were more common in the group of combingding plasmablast with immature plasmacyte.


It has been long known that bilinguals can switch their speeches from one language to another when interacting within their own community. Some experts argue that code switch occurs due to the lack of proficiency in languages, lazy choices and easy solutions in communicating, and impact of linguistic dominance. This paper describes the social factors which promote adult bilinguals in code switching. The paper focuses on three types of the social factors contributing to code switching.The first type deals with factors independent of specific speakers and circumstances such as prestige, cover prestige, and power relation. The second one is related to speakers' competence both as individuals and members of a sub group. The last category refers to factors within the conversation where code switching emerges. To conclude, these social factors are highly relevant in prompting adult bilinguals to code switch.


1. Executive Summary The present scientific evidence indicates that mask-wearing by the public is an effective measure for reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 due to a combination of droplet (>5 um) and aerosol protection (<5 um). Given that many varieties of cloth mask are effective at reducing transmission via large droplets, any mask is better than no mask. Mask use should be strongly encouraged to be used in conjunction with measures such as physical distancing. This report focuses primarily on the material considerations for designing cloth masks which protect against transmission via smaller droplets and aerosols in addition to protecting against transmission via larger droplets. Better understanding the respective risks of aerosol transmission compared to large droplet transmission for SARS-CoV-2 is an area of developing study. In this report, we compare studies of different materials that could be used to make homemade masks, with the goal of (1) summarizing both qualitative findings for what materials may provide a greater degree of aerosol protection for homemade masks and (2) identifying gaps in the scientific literature for future study. We consider all literature that evaluated the breathability and filtration efficiency of materials that could be used for homemade masks. It should be noted that the studies reviewed only evaluated the material and did not study leakage that can occur at the side of the mask once it is on a person's face. Mask fit is a critical element in the overall effectiveness of any mask and masks should be designed to minimize leakage around the sides and by the nose. Mask fit and design will be addressed in a separate report.


Battery storage is an important upcoming technology for the distribution grid. This paper examines the optimal size, allocation and schedule of battery storage for a real distribution feeder. The selected feeder is operating close to its capacity. Hence, the storage is designed with the primary goal of mitigating the overloads in the system, with minimization of power loss as the secondary goal. The size of the storage required to mitigate the overloads is determined from time series power flow analysis. For allocation and scheduling of this storage, the problem is cast as an optimization with minimum active power loss as the objective. As a validation, the obtained storage is implemented in OpenDSS time series simulation to verify that the overloads are eliminated. Further, the impacts of increasing solar photovoltaic (PV) penetration and load growth on the storage size, allocation and schedule are shown to affect the required storage significantly.


believe, completely, on more than one occasion; and, as it showed a disposition to recur in the wounds of the o-peration, the remains were destroyed with powerful caustics; and thus the wounds were brought to heal. Notwithstanding this, however, no long period arose before it recurred in or uear the cicatrix. On each occasion it was repeatedly examined microscopically, and no trace of malignant structure could be perceived in the growth, which exhibited, on the contrary, a well marked fibro-plastic tissue. On the last occasion on which he operated, Mr. Prescott Hewett removed all the tissues down to the bone, which was freely seraped, and the radial artery divided and tied. As the disease, however, recurred, and grew rapidly, and as the man was losing health and flesh, a consultation was held on bis next admission into St. George's, to determine what further operative proceeding should be adopted. The choice seemed to lie between a total and partial amputation of the forearm; and it was thought, on the whole, better to recommend the former, as offering a more secure prospect of immunity from recurrence of the disease. The man, however, was unwilling to lose his hand, and so left the hospital. He soon afterwards put himself under Mr. Coulson's, care, and was admitted into St. Mary's. There the same question was entertained, and the same opinion was held by the majority of the surgeons; but, as the patient was decided in his refusal to submit to amputation, Mr. Coul-


G lobal competition in the manufacturing industries is steadily gaining ground. More and more players are entering the markets, while fabrication processes are becoming increasingly dynamic and complex as a result of emerging changes in technology. In future, the industry has to deliver more efficient products at constant prices, but these products must also be increasingly customized to meet changing customer demands. In addition, the German initiative " Industry 4.0 " will trigger another industrial revolution driven by the Internet of Things (and services) and autonomous, embedded systems connecting people, products, and production plants. In fabrication facilities, so-called Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) will grow up, combining intelligent machines, storage systems and resources to independently exchange information and control each other independently of human control. CPPS create Smart Factories, the core of Industry 4.0 in which a completely new production logic rules the world: the products are clearly identifiable, locatable at any time and know their own history, current status as well as alternate paths to the final one. The embedded production systems are vertically linked to business processes in factories and enterprises and horizontally to distributed, real-time controllable value chains — from order to delivery. To make this brave new world happen the complete product description must be made available. For this purpose it is necessary to collect all the data from the product development period (and, ideally, from the operational phase as well) and suitably relate them with each other in a process known as " product modeling ". Data can be generated and managed with different (authoring) tools: idea management, various CAD applications, data management, requirements management , service management, etc. In the scope of this management, questions such as: What was the original idea that led to a certain functionality? or How did different markets respond to that functionality overall? might be answered holistically. SAP to boost integration efforts The merging of MCAD and ECAD data in a common backbone can be regarded as an important step towards this new dimension of traceability. In an effort to help discrete manufacturers increase efficiency in engineering and manufacturing, SAP AG based in Walldorf, Germany, announced shortly before Hanover Fair 2014 its new plan for authoring tool integration, including a strategy to simplify and expand its offering by integrating authoring tools into the SAP Product Lifecycle Management application. The SAP Engineering Control Center (ECTR) integration tool is designed to help …


Umkehr observations, lidar observations of stratospheric aerosols, and aerosol optical depth observations were obtained concurrently at Mauna Loa observatory shortly after the March-April 1982 erup tion of EI Chichon. The tremendous increase in stratospheric aero sol from El Chicl10n produced a profound effect on ozone profiles deduced froD the Umkehr measurements, i.e. >10010 in layer Y. Time series of ozone in Umkehr layers 5-9 are shown for both standard and short Umkehr methods. Also given are stratospheric aerosol optical thickness and vertical profile data. Results of a prelira inary analysis of error factors are described.


Discrete multitone modulation allows for a simple receiver structure if the impulse response of the communication channel is shorter than the cyclic prefix. In ADSL, a time-domain equalizer (TEQ) is used to fulfil this requirement. Without a TEQ, unwanted intercarrier interference (ICI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) occur. In this paper, quadratic forms are developed to calculate the contributions of ICI and ISI to the desired signal. Based on these expressions, a new method for calculating the TEQ coefficients, which minimizes the effects of ICI, ISI, and additive noise, is derived. Simulations in the context of ADSL compare the performance of this new algorithm with one that is state of the art.


The environment and vegetation cover in mining area are influenced by the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources. It needs dynamic monitoring and estimation by the help of satellite remote sensing technology. Taking SPOT-VGT NDVI as information source and considering the characteristics of mining areas in China, this paper researched how to monitor the vegetation variation and desertification in mining area. The method includes the composition of time series data, the vegetation variation analysis and the gradation of desertification land. Concretely, the variation of NDVI is divided into 7 levels according to the slope of the fitted line by using NDVI time series data. Besides, the desertification land is divided into 5 levels according to the vegetation coverage, which is transformed from NDVI. The presented method was validated in Ningdong coal mining area, northwest China, and the results showed that the method is valid and effective.


A CROSS-SECTIONAL PROTEOMIC PROFILE ANALYSIS OF RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH CHRONIC ALLOGRAFT NEPHROPATHY VERSUS CONTROLS IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS. Olwyn Johnston, Tara McMorrow, Patricia Maguire, Gerard Cagney, William Gallagher, John Donohoe, Joseph J Walshe, Peter J Conlon, Michael P Ryan. School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin, Ireland. Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) remains the leading cause of renal graft loss after the first year following renal transplantation. The aim of this proteomic analysis was to identify urine and serum proteomic profiles and potentially protein biomarkers, which could distinguish and predict allograft rejection in susceptible individuals. The study group included 34 renal transplant patients with histologically proven CAN and the control group included more than 34 renal transplant patients with normal renal function more than one year after transplantation. High-throughput proteomic profiles were generated in duplicate with three different ProteinChip array types which had different chromatographic properties (hydrophobic (H50), cation exchange (CM10) and immobilized-metal affinity surfaces (IMAC), together with surfaceenhanced laser-desorption/ionization (SELDI) TOF-MS. Biomarker Wizard and Ciphergen Express software allowed classification using clustering and pattern recognition. Potential biomarkers were detected by Biomarker Patterns software. Potential biomarkers were purified by SELDI-assisted fractionation followed by 1-D SDS gel electrophoresis. The purified proteins then underwent trypsin digestion followed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS). A Sequest program linked the MS spectra to amino acid sequences using nucleotide databases. Many potential biomarkers in both serum and urine were identified in patients with CAN compared to controls. A protein of mw 11.7 KDa was shown to be a potential urine biomarker for CAN when compared to the control patients (p<0.001). In the serum, a protein of mw 8.7 KDa was shown to be more significant in the control patients than patients with CAN (p<0.0001). Identification of these proteins has been carried out and antibody confirmation is in progress. The proteins identified provide a potential means of diagnosing CAN by non-invasive methods and also provide potentially important information about the development and management of CAN and possible potential targets future therapeutic strategies in the prevention of CAN.


Optical metasurfaces are arrays of nanoparticles with designed shapes and materials that can alter light-matter interaction. There is growing interest in the ability to dynamically tune the optical response of metasurfaces, such as their reflection, transmission or polarization properties which are important for a range of potential applications, including beam steering, adaptive lenses, augmented reality, optical switches, and displays [1]. In general, tuning mechanisms can be divided into two groups. First, mechanisms associated with a controlled change of the optical resonance of individual nanoparticles in a metasurface, and the total response of the metasurface is the additive contribution from each particle, and practically repeats the features of their individual response. Second, associated with the collective resonances of periodic 2D arrays, namely surface lattice resonances (SLRs) [2]. SLRs arise around the Rayleigh anomaly (RA) position as a result of the diffractive in-plane coupling of single-particle resonances in the array.


The involvement of signaling factors, which are related to serum component, on the regucalcin mRNA expression in the cloned rat hepatoma cells (H4‐II‐E) was investigated. The change in regucalcin mRNA levels was analyzed by Northern blotting using rat liver regucalcin complementary DNA (0.9 kb of open reading frame). H4‐II‐E cells were cultured for 2 or 6 h in a medium containing various reagents in the presence of serum (10% fetal bovine serum) after the subconfluent with 3‐day‐culture. The regucalcin mRNA expression was significantly increased by serum addition. This increase was clearly inhibited by the presence of EGTA (10−3 M), A23187 (10−6 M), trifluoperazine (10−5 M), staurosporine (10−7 M), or genistein (10−5 M) with 6‐h‐culture, although the β‐actin mRNA expression was not altered by the reagents. Meanwhile, the regucalcin mRNA expression was significantly stimulated by the addition of Bay K 8644 (2.5 × 10−6 M) in the presence of serum. This effect was also seen in the presence of genistein (10−5 M). The present study suggests that the regucalcin mRNA expression is mediated through signaling pathways which are partly involved in Ca2+‐dependent protein kinases and tyrosine kinase in H4‐II‐E hepatoma cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 74:81–89, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Generally, the routing protocols for mobile md hoc networks (MANETs) employ a proactive or reactive (on-demand) routing strategy to facilitate multi-hop routes between different nodes. But, MANETs are ideal for such a wide range of applications that a single routing protocol is not well suited for all network conditions. Hybrid routing protocols can address this problem by benefiting from both routing strategies. In this article, a hybrid routing protocol CEHR is proposed. CEHR employs only a fraction of nodes (core nodes) to generate proactive topology broadcasts, while assuring the representation of all nodes in these messages. As a result, less topology messages are generated. Moreover, CEHR benefits from the multipoint relay (MPR) optimizations and smaller propagation regions (proactive routing zones) to minimize retransmissions of broadcast messages. In this way, significant topology information is learnt for a small amount of control traffic. The routes not learnt through proactive topology broadcasts (destinations outside the proactive zones) can be searched on-demand. Simulation results indicate that the proposed protocol performs well under different mobility and traffic patterns.


Abstract At present there is no central source describing the various child‐service professions or the institutions that offer training in them. Like professional psychology in general, the child‐related careers continue to develop their identities and training standards in the face of rapidly growing knowledge and changing social values. Both the Society of Pediatric Psychology and the Section on Clinical Child Psychology (Section One, Division 12, American Psychological Association) are exploring possibilities of a national training conference, where we might consolidate our perspectives on evolving trends, needs, and goals. For now, the person who is interested in entering one of the fields involving psychological work with children must continue to look into each of the fields pretty much on his or her own. This article is intended as one starting place; it provides a minimal listing of graduate programs in clinical child psychology as well as descriptions of directories of Internship Programs in Clin...


The aim of this paper is to establish the evaluation system of port logistics of Incheon using the QFD(Quality Function Deployment) model. The research methodology is consisted of four phases. The first step is to investigate the important factors consisting the port logistics of Incheon and then calculate the weighting of factors by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The second step is to draw out the degree of inter-relation among factors by Fuzzy Subordination Relations (FSR). At the third step, the established system through the QFD method using results of the first and second steps will be used to evaluate and diagnosis the level of port logistics of Incheon. Finally, the sensitivity analysis will be performed and the degree of improving port logistics will be presented according to the rising the relevant factors.


A chronicle of the coming of World War I in which the author focuses chiefly on England and Germany. It tells the behind-the-scenes story of the personalities, events and optimism that propelled the world towards war.


In ATM networks, preventive control is widely recognized as a way to avoid congestion efficiently, and it is implemented by a conjunction of call admission control (CAC) and usage parameter control (UPC). However, since congestion may still happen because of unpredictable statistical fluctuations of traffic injected into networks, it would be effective to relieve congestion using reactive control together with preventive control. In this paper, we investigate the performance of backpressure control which is a reactive control scheme with an analytical approach. Moreover, we propose backpressure control with cell pushout scheme to overcome some weaknesses of backpressure control. Numerical results show that the control with push-out scheme improves cell loss performance, without increasing delay too much.


a(lhesions without interfering vit.h tendon healing such as fat, catgut 17, beef amntiiotic mnen hrane , cellophane 25, n etal tubes 16, polyethyletie 8, anid teflon 10,15, Notie has beemi succeu sful. Au artificial tendon sheath using a vein graft 'as attempted by Bemijamimi, Wagner, Zeit, and Ausman in 1955, and by Anzel, Lipsconib, ati(l Grindlay, iii 1961, and millipore was used by Ashley, Stone, Edwards, and Sloati, iii 1960, to prevent adhesions, all without marked success. However, Mayer and I ansohoff described the reconstructioti of a digital tetidon sheath using a rather rigid hollow tube of chemically pure celloidin with satisfactory results. Recently, Hutiter has used a more flexible solid plastic tube as an artificial tendon allowing the sheath to reconstitute around the tube before inserting a free tendon graft. His restilts have been seemingly quite good. Cortisone has been used in experimental animals both locally amid ititranmscularly 11,26 to diminish the fibrous reaction arounid healing tendons that have beeti repaired following loss of continuity. None of these experiments was very successful. Carstam, in 1953, after an extensive series of experimental studies came to the coticlusion that cortisone given intramuscularly had a depressant effect on the fibrous-tissue reactions about tendons that had been traumatized without loss of contitiuity amid suggested that cortisone might be of benefit after tenolvsis. 1)uring the healing processes, a varying amount of fibrous tissue is produced. This fibrous tissue must be kept to a minimum if satisfactory movenielit of the tendon is to he regained after teuidon suture. Potenza 19,20,21 his experiments on tendon healing, showed that the extent of the fibrous reaction is iii direct. proportion to the amount of physical injury inflicted on the tendon. His observatiotis suggested that the most important factor ins the production of adhesions to repaired flexor digital tendons is physical trauma to tendon surfaces. Previously, Henze amid Mayer, its 1914, and Bunnell, in 1956, had reached the same conclusion. Only by the nu)st


The author first discusses the status of knowledge base management systems (KBMSs). A new data model and an approach for knowledge base management systems is presented regarding the integration of the relational model with term rewriting techniques. Based on this model an efficient KBMS has been designed and implemented with C and ORACLE, which has the following features: multi-user languages on the extensions of SQL, QBE and PROLOG; data/knowledge definition, representation and manipulation; reasoning and explaining; security and integrity check; and optimal recursive processing.<<ETX>>


The purpose of this study is to use machine learning based methods to classify the liver fibrosis staging of chronic liver disease(CLD) using ultrasound images. This study has recruited 187 patients from Ditan Hospital. Liver biopsies were used as the gold standard. Two classification approaches are implemented in our work. The EfficientNet that is based on the conventional convolutional neural network (CNN) is used for classification. The second approach is a radiomics model. We investigated 637 radiomics features and the redundant features were reduced by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). After reduction, fewer than 20 independent features are used for classifications. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of EfficientNet model for cirrhosis (F4), advanced fibrosis (F3+F4), and significant fibrosis (F2+F3+F4) were 0.83, 0.78, 0.84, relatively. The AUC values of radiomics model for cirrhosis, advanced fibrosis, and significant fibrosis were 0.96, 0.81, 0.85, relatively. Machine learning methods can obviously classify liver fibrosis by CLD ultrasound image.


This study was conducted to investigate the effects of NaCl levels on germination of confectionary sunflower genotypes in 2007. Seeds of Opal, Beyaz, Suriye Nevadasi, Elazig, Kıbrıs, 01M007, 01M008, 01M012 and 01M013 were used as material. Electrical conductivity (EC) values of NaCl solutions were 5, 10 and 20 dS/m. Distilled water (0 dS/m) served as control. Germination percentage (%), mean germination time (day), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling fresh and dry weight (mg) were measured at 10 days after sowing. As a result of the research, genotypes showed different response to NaCl. Increased NaCl levels resulted in both decreasing in germination and inhibiting of seedling growth but increasing in mean germination time. The least affected genotype by NaCl concentrations was Beyaz. Germination and seedling growth were inhibited at 10 dS/m and above. It was observed that NaCl depressed seedling growth of the genotypes rather than germination because five genotypes germinated but did not have root and shoot to be measured. Moreover, it was concluded that hull ratio of the seed was an effective factor for germination regardless of NaCl levels. It was evaluated that a positive and significant correlation (r=0.692**) between hull ratio and water uptake is an important clue for delaying germination.


CASE A 'purification' Mr. B, age 61, is in the ICU after shooting himself in the abdomen. The trauma team asks our psychiatry consultation/liaison service to determine if he needs special observation to prevent further self-harm. Two days ago, Mr. B stood in the parking lot of a nearby hospital, aimed his rifle toward the left upper part of his abdomen, and fired. Bleeding profusely, he dragged himself to the hospital's emergency room. ER staff stabilized him hemodynamically, then transferred him to our hospital's regional trauma center, where surgeons performed an emergency laparotomy and found 2 sigmoid colon perforations, with feces floating outside the bowel. After a partial colectomy and colostomy, Mr. B received broad-spectrum antibiotics, narcotic pain medication, and bowel rest in the ICU. When the trauma team called us, the patient's condition was stable and he had awakened enough to communicate, although he still needed frequent monitoring. We visit Mr. B in the ICU and ask him why he shot himself. He denies he was attempting suicide but adds that for months he has been feeling depressed, stressed, and guilty about "all the bad things I've done in my life." Shooting himself helped him forget these negative thoughts. A devout Roman Catholic, Mr. B has been researching flagellation and other forms of physical penance and considers the shooting a purification. He says he shot himself in the abdomen 2 previous times and felt better for months or years after each shooting. Four years ago, Mr. B donated his left kidney to an unknown recipient. He does not equate the kidney donation with the shootings but says he felt happy while recuperating. He was later disappointed, however, because the procedure did not help him attract the "attention" he had hoped for. Mr. B says he had been considering the latest shooting for at least 8 months and had carefully planned it. After studying anatomy textbooks, he figured he could fire into the left upper portion of his abdomen without striking a vital organ. For several evenings, Mr. B aimed his rifle toward his abdomen but could not bring himself to pull the trigger. On the night of the shooting, he said, he "accidentally" fired at a more damaging angle than he had planned. Cognitive examination results are mostly normal, although Mr. B has trouble interpreting similarities and proverbs. He appears pale but well-nourished, well-groomed, and serene. He speaks softly, often closing his eyes or staring into the distance. He says he feels "relieved" and "happy" after the shooting but did not anticipate such a severe injury. He denies suicidal thoughts and--because of his current euphoric mood--he hopes he never "needs" to shoot himself again. What diagnosis would you consider? a) Delusional disorder b) Major depression with psychotic features c) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) d) Personality disorder The authors' observations We first considered delusional disorder and major depressive disorder with psychotic features. Mr. B's belief that shooting himself would solve his problems seemed delusional, although he did not appear psychotic otherwise. Confusingly, Mr. B's pre-admission symptoms seemed to suggest major depressive disorder, but he was happy in the ICU. We explored other diagnoses, such as an odd form of OCD and a personality disorder (especially cluster A, given his strange beliefs), though at this point we had too little information for either diagnosis. We also wondered if Mr. B's behavior was normal given his strong belief in Catholic penance. Although some sects of the Catholic Church practice self-flagellation and other forms of self-punishment, (1-3) we found no evidence that the church condones or encourages self-shooting. Moreover, Mr. B admitted during questioning that a Catholic clergy member told him shooting oneself is not an appropriate penance. …


Objective
To explore the economic performance after the performance-based reform at primary medical institutions in Zhejiang Province and put forward measures for improving primary medical services.

Methods
Questionnaire investigation was conducted among 84 primary medical institutions with staff over 20.The financial statements of these institutions during 2009-2014 were collected and studied as well.

Results
The average outpatients and emergency patients in 2014 increased 113.3% than that in 2009.The total usage times of laboratory tests and other auxiliary examinations also increased(55.7% and 103.1%, respectively), yet with a decrease of inpatients.Moreover, the proportion of income from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in gross income increased from 9.39% in 2009 to 17.14% in 2014.The cost-profit ratio of TCM drugs at half of such institutions exceeded 120%.

Conclusions
The performance-based reform has motivated medical staffs of primary medical institutions and effectively vitalized such institutions.Rules and regulations of these institutions require further improvement.

Key words:
Performance-based reform; Primary medical institutions; Economic performance


Car cabin interior vehicle acoustical comfort is one of the factors which attract the buyers to purchase the vehicle in order to have comfort sound and minimum noise in passenger car cabin. Basically the amount of discomfort depends to magnitude, frequency, direction and also the duration of exposed vibration in the cabin. The comfort of the driving influences driving performance. Generally the vibration is caused by two main sources: engine transmission and interaction between tyre and road surface. In this study the effects of tyre to vehicle acoustical comfort were investigated. A vehicle acoustical comfort index (VACI) was used to evaluate the effect of tyre to vehicle acoustical comfort. By substituting the sound quality (loudness, sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength) which were influenced by the vibration due to interaction between tyre and road surface, both of the VACI values (stationary and moving) can be obtained, and the difference between both values can be considered as the effect of the tyre. The sound quality study has focused on the estimation of the noise quality changes through the trends pattern based on the generated sound quality which relates to engine speeds. From the results, the amounts of sound quality changes with the increase of the engine speeds, except for both of fluctuation strength and sharpness parameters. The results of the study provide one method to predict the amounts of the VACI values caused by the effect of the tyre and the interaction between tyre and road surface.


Provided is an inflatable mattress-sling having an inflatable torso support pad, a first leg extending out from a first portion of the inflatable torso support pad, and a second leg spaced from the first leg and extending out from a second portion of the inflatable torso support pad. The legs include straps attached to their inner and outer seams so as to facilitate lifting of a patient.


The study of visual Gestalten, in a broad sense, encompasses all activities that seek an answer to Koffka's (1935) famous question: "Why do things look as they do?" And so it considers itself open to intuitions of artists, designers and architects as well as to the musings of philosophers, art historians and others who theorize about these disciplines; to theorists of our culture and self, and generally to the great disciplines of continental philosophy, in particular phenomenology and ontology.


The organic farmers use wider range of crop varieties than the conventional farming. Bread wheat is the most favorite and the most common food crop. The organic bread wheat is usually of worse technological quality. Therefore, it is supposed to be an attractive alternative to the hulled wheat species (einkorn, emmer wheat and spelt). Twenty-five hulled bread wheat varieties and control bread wheat ones were grown on the certified organic parcel in České Budějovice (the Czech Republic) between 2009 and 2012. Their baking quality was measured and evaluated with standard methods, and in accordance with ICC. The results have shown that the grain of hulled wheat varieties contain a lot of proteins in grains (up to 18 percent); even the organic hulled bread wheat varieties are characterized by such good baking quality. Einkorn and emmer wheat are of worse technological quality of proteins (low values of gluten index and Zeleny test), which is a disadvantage of these two wheat species. On the other hand, spelt wheat is of better technological quality and is similar to the control bread wheat varieties. Mixtures consisting of bread wheat, among others, are considered good alternatives; they may contribute to wider range of use of the hulled wheat species. It is one of the possibilities which may increase the proportion of proteins in bread wheat grains; the nutrition-rich hulled wheat grains may be also used in such way at the same time. Keywords—Baking quality, organic farming, einkorn, emmer wheat, spelt.


A low-voltage, low-power, capacitance-to-digital converter (CDC) that is insensitive to supply and temperature variations is presented in this paper. The CDC comprises two matched RC oscillators and a counter-based programmable digital converter. The transfer function of the proposed CDC is a scaled ratio of the capacitors having equal drift coefficients, making it insensitive to supply as well as temperature variations. Worst case temperature-dependent drift of ±153.4 ppm/°C is measured between -40 and +120 °C while worst case supply-dependent drift of ±1.12% is measured between 0.8 and 1.2 V over full-scale capacitance range. The proposed CDC achieves 2.05 fF resolution, consuming 23 μA from a 0.8 V supply, at a full-scale range of 3.36 pF. The CDC, realized in 0.18-μm CMOS process, has an active area of 0.102 mm2 and offers a scalable resolution within a range of 2-13 b.


Hub direct-drive electric vehicles are driving with hub motors, which cause negative vibration directly on wheels and suspensions. To better analyze the problems of dynamic deterioration resulted by coupling excitations from random road and unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP), a cooperative hub direct drive-air suspension (HDD-AS) system is developed, and evaluation indices based on vertical and longitudinal dynamic coupling mechanism are proposed. The vertical and longitudinal characteristics in the time domain under different damping coefficients and motor speeds are demonstrated, and comparison between traditional electric wheel and suspension-integrating models and HDD-AS system model is conducted. Then, the responses of random road excitation and UMP are analyzed, and explanations of vertical and longitudinal characteristics in the frequency domain under different damping coefficients are given. These results provide important insights into the influence of coupling excitations and damping coefficient on the HDD-AS system model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by the experiment on the test bench.


This article analyzes the translation, made by Olavo Bilac (1865-1918), of the German writer Wilhelm Busch's Max und Moritz - Eine Bubengeschichte in sieben Streichen. Combining rhymed and measured verses to illustrations and forming narrative sequences, Busch developed a means of expression which may be defined as illustrated story, a predecessor form of the current comics. To the translator of this kind of text, the biggest challenge is in comprehending the relationship between the two languages which compose the text - words and images. Keywords : Wilhelm Busch. Olavo Bilac. Illustrated stories. Translation.


This is the second of two articles on how to use Excel to conduct powerful business analyses. Excel experts know Scenario Manager conveniently calculates what-if analyses of multiple versions of budgets and other financial projections. But if more than 10 scenarios are being considered, experienced users know the project can become very cumbersome and the results hard to track. The solution: Team Scenario Manager with Scenario PivotTable. Working together they make it easier to examine and compare scores of scenarios by parsing down to the most relevant options to avoid getting lost in a blizzard of numbers. Follow along as I demonstrate how Scenario PivotTable can make your analysis of even the most complex what-if projects more efficient and effective. In part 1, "Add Muscle to What-If Analyses" (see JofA, Sept.04, page 38; www.aicpa.org/pubs/jofa/sep2004/weisel.htm), we demonstrated the basic techniques for managing multiple what-if versions using Excel's Scenario Manager. To illustrate the process, we started with a model budget for a fictitious business, PQR Co. (exhibit 1, page 77) and created a series of five scenarios with varying sales growth rates, cost-of-sales growth rates and advertising expenditures. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] If you wish to follow along as we demonstrate the use of Scenario PivotTable, download the Excel budget file from www.aicpa.org/download/pubs/jofa/2005_03_weiselpqr-budget.xls. The worksheet shown in exhibit 2, page 77, contains the five scenarios we created in the original example plus five more. For a brief refresher on the process of adding alternative business plans, see the sidebar, "Adding Scenarios," page 79. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Once you've created the scenarios, we can begin to generate a pivot table to analyze how each option affects the business. With the Scenario Manager dialog box open, click on Summary. Change the report type to Scenario PivotTable and click in the Result cells box. You may need to backspace to delete any existing cell references. While holding down the Ctrl key, click on cells I5, I11, B16, C16, D16, E16, F7, F23, F25 and F26. The Scenario Summary dialog box will now resemble exhibit 3, below. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The next step is to create a dynamic report enabling us to analyze all these scenarios. Click on OK in the Scenario Summary dialog box and Excel will generate a new worksheet with a report summarizing our 10 scenarios, as shown in exhibit 4, below. For consistency in presentation, I've formatted the columns of data containing dollar values to currency with whole numbers and the columns containing percent values to percentages with two decimal places. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The table presents all 10 scenarios (rows 5 through 14). Column headers contain the variables that are allowed to change (sales growth rate, cost-of-sales growth rate and advertising for each period) as well as the target cells (net total sales, net total operating income, gross profit ratio and net return on sales). The row headings are simply the 10 scenarios that we specified earlier. …


The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of multiplying with natural numbers in mathematic courses and teaching sub-acquisition based on this matter through music/songs on the academic achievement, attitudes and the retention of the learned things and opinions of the students at the third grade of primary schools. In accordance with this purpose, the study was performed of 52 students at the third classes of the Dr. Teoman Bilge Primary School in Konya province in the academic year of 2012-2013. In the study, controlled the pretestposttest experimental research model was used. The Mathematic Achievement Test and Attitude Scale, developed by the researchers, were applied to all the third grade students and experimental and control groups were formed; two groups with equal knowledge levels and attitudes were chosen by lot among those groups. In the study, the chapter of "multiplying with natural numbers" and sub-acquisition of this chapter were processed in experimental group in accompany with especially composed for this topic; and in the control group, traditional methods were used for the same unit within the context of the program. The application was carried out in 16 sessions within 8 weeks. The data of the study was collected through 'the achievement test for the mathematic course and attitude scale towards mathematic course'. 'The achievement test for mathematic course' was repeated as 'the retention test' four weeks after the first application. Moreover, the 'reflective diaries' which the students in the experimental group wrote at the end of every lesson teaching were used as another data collecting tool in order to determine the effect of teaching through music on the opinions of the students at qualitative levels. SPSS 18 package program was used in the analysis of data and t test results were evaluated. In the analysis of qualitative data obtained from reflective diaries, content analysis technique was used.


A predominance of small, dense LDL particles may be important in the etiology of preeclampsia. We investigated the extent towhich, if at all, LDL particle size and relevant covariates may differ for American and Peruvian pregnant women. Gradient gel electrophoresis was used to measure LDL particle size using intrapartum plasma from 96 Americans and 100 Peru- vians. All participants were free of diabetes and hypertension. Genotyping for the hepatic-lipase (HL) gene polymorphism (-514C/T) was also con- ducted. Compared with Americans, Peruvians tended to be younger and multipara. These two groups did not differ with regards to pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational age at delivery. 90% Peruvians were Mestizo and 70% Americans were non-Hispanic White. In general, Peruvians had significantly smaller average LDL particle size (264.1 (cid:3) 0.7 versus 272.7 (cid:3) 0.6A˚´). LDL particle size was positively correlated with HDL ( c ¼ 0.30 vs. 0.28) and negatively with triglyceride ( c ¼ (cid:2) 0.40 vs. (cid:2) 0.21) in both groups. Peruvians had significantly lower HDL (40.2 (cid:3) 1.3 vs. 56.3 (cid:3) 1.3mg/dl) and higher triglyceride (248.2 (cid:3) 8.2 vs. 178.2 (cid:3) 6.5mg/dl). Among Peruvians, HL-514T/T genotypewas associated with a 3.6-fold increase in having a predominance of large, buoyant LDL particles (95% CI 0.8–15.7). Limited variation in LDL subclass phenotypes limited this analysis in Americans. In multivariable models, maternal age, parity, triglyceride and HL-514T/T had explained 24% variation of LDL particle size in Peruvians. However, the same model explained 8% in Americans. These findings suggest considerable heterogeneity of maternal LDL particle size across populations. Additional studies are needed to identify genetic and environmental reasons for this heterogeneity. Objective: We have devised new intrauterine growth charts based on precise morphometric measurements of newborns whose parents were both of Cau-casian, Chinese, or South Asian ethnicity. Ethnicity and sex-specific norms were developed in order to minimize the misclassification as abnormal, of normal but constitutionally small or large babies. Methodology: Weight, length and head circumference were measured on 2695 babies born to healthy non-smoking mothers in British Columbia whose gestational age between 37 and 41 completed weeks was confirmed by ultrasound prior to 20 weeks gestation. Weight was measured on a digital scale, length by stadiometer, and head circumference by firm plastic tape measures. Means and 95% confidence intervals for morphometric measures were graphed to compare differences between newborns grouped first by ethnicity and then by sex. Ethnicity and sex-specific graphs were constructed using means and standard deviations. Results: Distributions of weight, length, and head circumference, stratified by sex, were significantly different among ethnic groups. Conclusions: Important differences among weight, length, and head circumferences are reported among babies of different ethnicities in addi- tion to differences between sexes. Use of sex and ethnicity-specific growth charts may prevent the misclassification of newborns as intrauterine growth-restricted or large-for-gestational age. To investigate sexual practices and risk factors for STIs among men (18–24 years), we analyzed in-depth, lifetime sexual histories of 1245 participants of a randomized controlled trial of male circumcision (MC) to reduce HIV-1 incidence in Kisumu, Kenya. Sexual histories, collected by trained interviewers at the baseline visit, obtained detailed information on up to 12 partnerships. Men were tested for syphilis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea and chlamydia. The median number of lifetime partners was 5 (range1–100). 488 men (39%) reported sexual debut before age 15, 39% reported sex with a woman the same day they had met, and 18.9% reported that such sex was unprotected. 66% reported ever having unprotected sex with a casual part-ner and 5% reported ever having unprotected sex with a commercial sex worker. 108 men (9%) were diagnosed with an STI: 59 (4%) had chlamydia, 28 (2%) had gonorrhea, 23 (2%) had trichomoniasis and 10 (1%) had syphilis. Factors associated with an STI were: older age, higher income, being married, exchanging blood with another person, reporting previous diagnosis and/or treatment of an STI, number of sexual partners, and having unprotected sex with a woman where money or gifts were always ex- changed for sex. In multivariable analysis, significant predictors of an STI were being 21–24 years old (odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–2.9), high earnings (OR ¼ 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.3), exchanging blood with another person (OR ¼ 3.7, 95% CI 1.3–10.7) and prior treatment for an STI (OR ¼ 2.7, 95% CI: 1.8–4.2). Nurses work in a unique occupational environment that can require rotating and night shifts, long hours, prolonged standing, heavy lifting, and exposure to chemicals and x-ray radiation. We examined first-trimester exposures among participants of the Nurses' Health Study II, a prospective cohort established in 1989. In 2001, detailed information on specific exposures during pregnancy was collected from participants for the most recent pregnancy since 1993. Among 6,838 live births, 576 (8%) were born preterm ( < 37 weeks gestation). Log binomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) for preterm delivery. The final model included age, parity, work schedule, physical factors, and exposures to chemicals and x-rays. the results are on few exposed cases of preterm delivery. These data suggest that physically demanding work and work schedule are not strong predictors of preterm labor, consistent with most previous studies.


We investigate the role of topology in the space-time scaling limit of quantum quench dynamics, where both time and system size tend to infinity at a constant ratio. There, while the standard topological characterization relying on local unitary transformations becomes ill defined, we show how a different dynamical notion of topology naturally arises through a dynamical winding number encoding the linear response of the Berry phase to a magnetic flux. Specifically, we find that the presence of a locally invisible constant magnetic flux is revealed by a dynamical staircase behavior of the Berry phase, whose topologically quantized plateaus characterize the space-time scaling limit of a quenched Rice-Mele model. These jumps in the Berry phase are also shown to be related to the interband elements of the DC current operator. We outline possible experimental platforms for observing the predicted phenomena in finite systems.


As people around the world regard 2020 as the year of COVID-19, the medical community considers this year to be the second-best year, shared with the year 1996, with respect to the number of drug molecules approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Both years, 2020 and 1996, had a record of 53 new drug molecules approved by the FDA. In the year 2020, 53 new chemical entities and 13 biological medicines were approved, including 10 monoclonal antibodies, 2 antibody-drug conjugates, 3 peptides, and 2 oligonucleotides. Among them, most of the compounds were found to have fluorine or fluorine-containing functional groups exhibiting numerous pharmacological activities. Herein, we summarized the trifluoromethyl (TFM, -CF3)-group-containing FDA-approved drugs for the last 20 years. This article specially features and details the previous 20-year literature data, covering CF3-incorporated potential drug molecules, including their syntheses and uses for various diseases and disorders. The review covers the detailed chemistry of 19 FDA-approved drugs in the past 20 years, which contains the TFM group as one of the pharmacophores.


Over the last several years, there are a number of convincing development steps in the area of Internet-of-Things (IoT) which enables a way for the development of many novel and fascinating applications. Today, real time monitoring of patient's health is very difficult. So to bring the concept of real time monitoring of patient's health, this project proposes a ideal IoT enabled architecture for heart rate monitoring system. Staying ideally to the IoT vision, it relies on different, yet smart, technologies, specifically WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks), smart mobile, which are interoperating with each other through a wide variety of IoT protocols. The designed system will be collecting the patient heart rate in real time and monitoring any drastic change in the reading. The system also monitors the surrounding environment conditions of the patient too. The parameters obtained are then published to the internet. Later a mobile based application (android) will be developed so that these sensory data's can be accessed from anywhere using this app. For supporting the IoT functionalities an internet enabled board called Raspberry Pi is used.


By monitoring the changes of the physical functions of junior women rowers during the period of preparations for World Rowing Junior Championships,we have some conclusions:(1)Testosterone and blood creatine kinase reflect junior women rowers' physical functions effectively,show exercise intensity on the body applicability,and also shows some correlation between two factors.(2)Hemoglobin and blood urea nitrogen can reflect junior women rowers' adaptation of the exercise training as well as scientific and rational of the exercise training program.(3)According to the analysis of these biochemical indicators,we can find out the level of physical condition and recovery time to help athletics adjust their body status and training programs more effectively.


BACKGROUND
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy syndrome with genetic basis and accounts for 10% of all forms of epilepsy. Despite the existence of rare mutations responsible for some familial forms inherited in a Mendelian pattern, the genetics of JME is complex and probably involves multiple genes. Because of widespread distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) and their ability to produce postsynaptic inhibition, GABA (A) receptor subunits (GABRs) encoding genes represent high ranking candidates for epilepsy susceptibility.

AIM
This case/control study was designed to investigate whether the rs211037 of the GABRG2 gene is a risk factor for JME in the Brazilian population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The polymorphism was genotyped in 98 patients and 130 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed using SNP stat software.

RESULTS
Genotype proportions and allele frequencies for the rs211037 polymorphism of the GABARG2 gene did not differ significantly between the groups, even when the odds ratio was adjusted for clinical variables.

CONCLUSION
These results present no evidence for an association of rs211037 with JME. Further studies are required to investigate the involvement of the GABRG2 gene in the genetic susceptibility to this epileptic syndrome.


This paper explores an asymmetry between investments in human capital and those in physical or financial capital. Human capital investments are unable to separate incomes derived ,from capital from those derived from one's own work, in this way limiting t


An automatic titrator has been designed so that titrations and processing of the results are controlled by a microprocessor. The titrant is added stepwise, in equal volumes, to the sample and the potential is measured after each addition. The instrument has been used for the successive titration, against sodium hydroxide, of a mixture of adipic and boric acids. The method for the determination of the equivalence volumes is based on the differential plot of ΔpH/ΔV against V. The effect on the results of varying the rate of addition of titrant, the rate of stirring and the orientation of the electrodes and delivery tube have been examined. The accuracy and precision obtained compare favourably with those of the standard potentiometric titration procedure, in which mannitol is added for the titration of boric acid and the titrant is added until a pre-selected potential is reached.


We investigate a theoretical approach of the photoacoustic effect generated by energy deposition at n spherical absorbers dissolved in a non-inviscid fluid. The thermoelastic wave equation [1, 2, and 3] of this system was first solved exactly for one absorber by Green function and convolution methods. Then, by adding the PA pressure of each absorber in different positions, the solution for a monolayer was obtained. Finally, the solution of a bulk system was obtained from the monolayer solution. Using this approach we determined the PA amplitude generated by several arrangements of 10 absorbers.


Abstract Tales out of School: gender, longing, and the teacher in fiction and film JO KEREOS, 1999 Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. 164 pp., ISBN 0 8093 2238 2, hardback


s of up to 250 words are being solicited for Volume 7, Issue 3 of The Foundation Review. This issue, co-edited with the Aspen Institute Forum for Community Solutions, will be a themed issue on place-based programming. Both local and national funders have initiated efforts to improve conditions within a defined geographic area or community. These efforts may include grantmaking, advocacy efforts, and convenings, among other tactics. Historically, funders have used language including: comprehensive community initiatives, systems change, embedded funders, and collective impact to describe this work. We encourage authors to include their working definition of place-based programming in their submissions. This issue (which may evolve into two issues, depending on the response to this call for papers) will seek to build on the previous work of the Aspen Institute, Grantmakers for Effective Organizations, and others, in understanding the current status and future directions for place-based programming. Papers are invited on topics including, but not limited to: • Strategies. What are the theories of change and ensuing strategies that have been show to effectively guide placebased programming? • Roles. What are the roles of national and local foundations? How should they relate to government entities? What roles do intermediary organizations play? • issues and entry points. What differences, if any, are there in strategies or outcomes if a funder focuses on a specific issue (e.g., education, health) rather than a resident-determined agenda or a community development frame? What capacities need to be in place in the community in order to engage effectively in the change work? How are community capacities related to foundation entry points? • Funding decisions. How does the place-based frame make a difference in what is funded? • Funder capacity. What skills, structures, cultural norms, etc. are needed internally in order for a foundation to be effective in place-based programming? Submit abstracts to firstname.lastname@example.com by December 1, 2014. If a full paper is invited, it will be due April 1, 2015 for consideration for publication in September 2015. Abstracts are solicited in four categories:s are solicited in four categories: • Results. Papers in this category generally report on findings from evaluations of foundation-funded work. Papers should include a description of the theory of change (logic model, program theory), a description of the grantmaking strategy, the evaluation methodology, the results, and discussion. The discussion should focus on what has been learned both about the programmatic content and about grantmaking and other foundation roles (convening, etc.). • Tools. Papers in this category should describe tools useful for foundation staff or boards. By "tool" we mean a systematic, replicable method intended for a specific purpose. For example, a protocol to assess community readiness and standardized facilitation methods would be considered tools. The actual tool should be included in the article where practical. The paper should describe the rationale for the tool, how it was developed, and available evidence of its usefulness. • Sector. Papers in this category address issues that confront the philanthropic sector as whole, such as diversity, accountability, etc. These are typically empirically based; literature reviews are also considered. • Reflective Practice. The reflective practice articles rely on the knowledge and experience of the authors, rather than on formal evaluation methods or designs. In these cases, it is because of their perspective about broader issues, rather than specific initiatives, that the article is valuable. BOOK REVIEWS: The Foundation Review publishes reviews of relevant books. Please contact the editor to discuss submitting a review. Reviewers must be free of conflicts of interest. Please contact Teri Behrens, Editor of The Foundation Review, with questions at firstname.lastname@example.com or 734-646-2874. AN ACADEMIC CENTER OF: Philanthropy is evolving quickly, presenting new opportunities and challenges for effective grantmaking. At the Johnson Center, we help grantmakers adopt best practices and interact with other practitioners to strengthen their daily work. Give learning curves the boot in your career and in your organization with LearnPhilanthropy, a marketplace of knowledge powered by peers and field leaders. Bridge knowledge, research, and best practice with The Grantmaking School courses designed for learning the skills and ethics of grantmaking. Gain insight for effective grantmaking with The Foundation Review, the first peer-reviewed journal on philanthropy, written by and for foundation staff and boards and those who work with them. Let us create a customized package for your foundation. Contact our Director of the Institute for Foundation and Donor Learning at firstname.lastname@example.com or call (616) 331-7585 to learn more. Better Together Stronger Collaboration for Smarter Philanthropy For more information visit johnsoncenter.org/Summit-on-Family-Philanthropy AN ACADEMIC CENTER OF: NATIONAL SUMMIT ON FAMILY PHILANTHROPY June 15-16, 2015 | New York, NY A program of the Frey Foundation Chair for Family Philanthropy The Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy, National Summit on Family Philanthropy is a highly interactive, focused, and useful gathering of current and next generation family donors, as well as staff, advisors, and researchers who strive to help families become more effective philanthropists. Trusted Guidance for Doing Good


According to the experience of Wenchuan earthquake and the medical practice of relief organization,the author put forward that five key links should be held in the medical rescue of earthquake relief.Those are to establish rescue system,to perfect the rescue plan,to make rescue flexible,to strengthen rescue training and to conduct research on rescue mdeicine.


An antenna System including an antenna device and feed device for transmitting and receiving circularly polarized RF waves in a first mode of operation, and of linearly polarized RF waves in a Second mode of operation, and a hand-held mobile communication device provided with Such an antenna System. A radiating structure (10) including N helical radiating elements (12A-D), being coextending and coaxially arranged on a Support structure (11) are fed in order to provide for transmission/reception of circularly polarized RF waves in the first mode of operation. N is an integer greater than one. Further, means (24A-D, 16, 17, 19, 25, 25A) are arranged for essentially uniform excitation of the helical radiating elements (12A-D) in order to provide for transmission/reception of linearly polarized RF waves in the Second mode of operation.