Three-dimensional display-technologies offer a great potential to being used in digital cartography and GIS, since the information can be shown from the user ́s three-dimensional perspective and is no longer, as yet, left to someone ́s spatial sense. This article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of certain 3D-technologies and their potential to visualize geo-spatial data. Including the latest developments in the field of 3D-displays, two main categories will be established: virtual-three-dimensional systems and real-three-dimensional systems. The latter group is still in the fledgling stages and its field of application has yet to be determined. However, it is implied by the developing companies, that geo-visualization may play an important part in future applications. Thus, a lot of research is required in order to tap the full potential of a 3D-presentation and to ensure a better interpretability when compared to conventional cartographic means of expression. TYPES OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISPLAY-TECHNOLOGIES Three-dimensional display-technologies can be categorized, according to the nature of the creation of the 3Dvisualization, as follows:  Virtual-three-dimensional systems (pixel-based systems) The spatial image appears exclusively as a three-dimensional illusion. Most of these systems take advantage of the fact that the human brain is able to create a spatial image from a pair of two-dimensional images, each providing a slightly different perspective for the left an the right eye, respectively (horizontal parallax). Virtual-three-dimensioanl systems are: o Spectacles-and-screen systems (e.g. anaglyph method, systems working with polarized light) o Head-mounted displays (HMDs) o Autostereoscopic displays (e.g. lenticular displays, parallax-barrier displays) o Quasi-holographic displays  Real-three-dimensional systems (basically voxel-based systems (voxel = volumetric pixel)) A three-dimensional projection is being created as a quasi-real existing body of light; that is to say the threedimensional expansion of the visualization is indeed being carried out in real space. These are mainly volumetric and electro-holographic displays. Real-three-dimensional systems don ́t require any kind of additional viewing devices. Special forms of real-three-dimensional systems are spherical displays, being used in case of tactile hyperglobes or in case of immersive reality-systems (pixel-based techniques, featuring a real-spatial expansion of the screen (e.g. "Cybersphere"; see Fig. 7)). Virtual-Three-dimensional Systems Spectacles-and-screen systems: The oldest and probably the best-known way of viewing stereoscopic imagery is the anaglyph method. It has already been in use since the middle of the 19 century. The basis is a pair of stereo-images, whereas the left image is being colored in red, while the right image is being colored in a complementary color (cyan or blue or green). Both pictures are then being overlaid and merged to a single frame, which has to be viewed by the use of red-greenor red-blue(redcyan-) spectacles. Because of the color filters, each eye can only perceive those parts of the image that can permeate the filters which, in succession, causes a stereoscopic impression. Concerning digital imagery, the red color-channel is being extracted from the left picture and then pasted into the right picture. The advantage of the anaglyph method is the fact that it is cheap and that the stereo-effect can be achieved with little effort, but the displayable colors (if it is not a grayscale-image, which is recommended) are limited and the 3D-impression is rather unnatural, causing eyestrain after a short while. A better and even more progressive technique is the use of polarized light and filter glasses. Two projectors serve as light sources; aligned in a way, so that their objectives are positioned like a pair of human eyes. Each projector emitts either horizontally or vertically polarized light. While being reflected from a screen, filter glasses once again only let the "right" image reach the respective eye of the viewer. The great advantage of this sytem is the unaltered display of true colors; shortcomings are a certain loss of polarization and the fact that two (synchronized, when showing movies) projectors are needed (expensive!). This method is being used in theme parks and for IMAX 3D-movies. The Pulfrich-spectacles, invented by Carl Pulfrich in 1922, take advantage of the fact, that it takes longer for the human brain to perceive a scene if it is underexposed. By the use of differently toned filter-glasses, each eye gets to see a scene at a different level of lightness. These spectacles, like the anaglyph glasses, can be easily manufactured; however, the stereo-effect is limited to motion pictures. This technique has been used – from time to time – for special 3D-television broadcasts and has also been applied to certain computer games. For the human brain, objects colored in blue appear more distant than objects colored in red (chroma-stereopsis). The use of chromadepth-spectacles causes a separation of the spectral components in such a way as to optimize the focus on the greenish picture-elements, while the reddish picture-elements are being less refracted (longer wavelength, the lense is more convex and those objects appear nearer) and the bluish elements are being more refracted (shorter wavelength, the lense is less convex and those objects appear more distant). It can be seen as the main disadvantage of this method, that colors are needed for the creation of the stereoscopic effect; hence the application of colors as a cartographic variable is not possible. A highly sophisitcated method is the application of shutter-glasses. Shutter-glasses are being synchronized with the image build-up of a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)-screen via infrared-emitter; i.e. the glass for the left and the right eye is being "masked" alternately at each build-up of the image – in order to ensure, that the right eye can only see the right image and the left eye can only see the left image. Because of the constant change between the two slightly differing perspectives, the effective refresh rate of the screen is reduced to 50%. For that reason, the technology was limited, just until a short while ago, to CRT-monitors – the only displays that could be operated at a sufficient refresh rate of 120Hz and more. Shutter-glasses are still the only spectacles-and-screen system to show stereoscopic imagery on a conventional monitor with true colors. The reduction of the effective image-refresh rate, however, could be perceived as a disturbing flicker, leading to exhaustion after a while. Head-mounted displays: HMDs are essential to Virtual Realityand Augmented Reality-systems. Here, the spectales do not only make for the stereoscopic effect, they ́re the screen, too. The simultaneous display of the two horizontally slightly differing perspectives is granted via special optics before each eye. The main advantage of these systems is the (limited) mobility and the unlimited immersion. That is to say the virtual environment litteraly surrounds the user, without him being distracted by the real world, since he can only observe what ́s on the HMD. Disadvantageous is the need for a tracking system and the (as yet) low resolution of the displays as well as the fact, that even these systems cause some eyestrain and exhaustion after a while. Autostereoscopic displays: Because of their usability, displays without additional viewing devices will be of great interest in the future. The segment of autostereoscopic displays in particular, has expanded significantly the product line in the last few years. Almost every well-known display-manufacturing company introduced an autostereoscopic variant of one of its monitors, featuring different technological approaches to meet specific demands. As a result, each system has its own advantages and shortcomings, according to the emphasis placed on that system. All autostereoscopic technologies feature directional multiplex-techniques. These techniques differ primarily in the method of separation of the left and right image. The following classification of directional multiplex-techniques is geared to the classification of Klaus SCHENKE and Sigmund PASTOOR [SCH-02], both at the Berlin Heinrich-Hertz-Institute for Communicatons Engineering:  Diffraction-based method (lens-raster displays – lenticular technique; a pair of stereo-images, pixel-layer plus lens-raster-plate; three small zones for stereoscopic viewing; limitations: one-person display, head-tracker required, bisection of the horizontal resolution, 60% loss of brightness, barrier-stripes are visible; developer: the Berlin Heinrich-Hertz-Institute for Communications Engineering, A.C.T. Kern Ltd. (prototype: "Cabrio Screen"), University of Kassel (Germany) – IPM Institute)  Refraction-based method (LCD-panel with prisms-mask plus field-lens and a collimator; developer: Dresden University of Technology (Dresden 3D))  Reflexion-based method (retro-reflective process, light is being reflected to the original angle of incidence by a system of mirrors; advantage: full display-resolution; disadvantages: one-person display, head-tracker required, brightness reduced to 25%)  Parallax-based methods o Single parallax-barrier method (features a single pair of stereo-images; benefit: horizontal resolution of the screen "only" reduced to 50% when compared to multiview-parallax-barrier systems; disadvantage: one-person display (stereo-effect is limited to a "sweet spot", which is a small area in front of the display); manufacturer: e.g. Sanyo) o Multi-view parallax-barrier method (multiple pairs of stereo-images of slightly different perspectives are being placed horizontally in a row, a wavelenght-selective filter-array (WLSFA) is included: three filters for the basic colors red, green and blue block the complementary colors of the subpixels of e


Introduction Today, the land component in the concepts of place, space, location, region and area, as defined by the restriction is the identity of human communities, regions and locations; it is valuable for individuals and groups of elements and components of their identity to (Kaviani Rad, 1389: 56). One result of such an event, where the incidence of competition is the competition in different geographical regions and in different periods of time, shows its various forms. In the present study attempted to examine the roots and the main factors in the regional competition to be the perfect congruence of language, cultural, religious, and ethnic and ... Has, despite this, competition between cities where Meybod and Duck in Yazd province since the issue has become complicated and sensitive.


New approaches are required to develop effective fuzzy controllers. We present an "interpolation" approach, which solves some difficulties of the current approach. Our controller gives practically the same precision as a Mamdani controller for a wide range of one- and two-dimensional state spaces. This interpolation approach eliminates the following heuristic elements of a Mamdani controller: (ii) defuzzification with the center of gravity, (ii) tuning of antecedent and consequent membership functions by "blind" optimization and (iii) min and max operations for logical connectives. We show that the alternative interpolation is a universal approximator like a Mamdani controller itself. The deviation between Mamdani and our interpolation is /spl les/5.05% of the fuzzy set's support for a two-dimensional case and /spl les/2.07% for a one dimensional case. The alternative interpolation is much simpler than a Mamdani controller. It decreases runtime and simplifies controller hardware design.


Bosphorus Line, one of the important areas of Istanbul, is faced with problems such as traffic density and noise pollution caused by this problem in the recreation areas on this line. The main reason for these problems is the intensity of transportation by individual vehicles. However, this traffic density can be reduced to a minimum as a result of the fact that public transportation is provided by seaborne transportation, which is a characteristic mode of transportation in Istanbul urban transportation. Seaborne transportation on the bosphorus line is exactly parallel to this route, and is preferred for reasons such as comfort, speed and price. The inefficient use of seaborne transportation depending on factors such as route planning and expedition times poses a problem in choosing this type of transportation. Considering the existing possibilities, it is possible to optimize the traffic on the strait line by encouraging individuals using the strait line to use seaborne transportation as a result of synchronization of the routes and the time schedules connected to these routes. Decision tree and shortest path finding algorithms will be used as methods in the study. In addition to the shortest path problem, finding the shortest time is one of the criteria discussed in this study. As a result, when going from a pier on the strait line to another pier on the strait line, the shortest route and a route or routes to be reached in the shortest time have been determined. In addition, as an output of this study, an interface design for a mobile application (E-Bosphorus) has been developed. The obstacle for users to quickly access their voyage information will be solved easily with this mobile application for ferry routes only. In addition, this application can be used for touristic purposes.


Is there a 'dark side' to European modernity? As part of our 'Thinkers on Europe' series, EUROPP's editors Stuart A Brown and Chris Gilson spoke to Jeffrey C. Alexander about his views on modernity, the European integration process, and the importance of cultural and political symbols to European democracy.


Legislative jurisdiction is held concurrently by States. There will be occasions when more than one State has established a lawful justification for criminalising the same set of conduct. If the States cannot agree which of them should proceed, there will be a dispute between them which the rules of jurisdiction themselves cannot resolve. Usually, by the time a dispute has arisen, it will concern the facts of a particular prosecution, with one State claiming that it is the more appropriate legal system to try the crime which has been lawfully established in each system. 'Appropriateness' will usually be asserted by reference to a range of factors, including the territorial locus of the conduct, the presence of key actors and the interests involved. The thesis argues that international law has established no standards of sufficient certainty to provide a practical resolution to many of the conflicts which will arise. There is little customary international law can do to resolve conflicts of jurisdiction and many solutions may serve only to mitigate the consequences between States of a dispute about criminal jurisdiction. However, analogies between other areas of law and this one can be drawn, and institutions exist which may, given the right circumstances, be resorted to, to help serve to ease differences which arise about the exercise of criminal jurisdiction. Comity, rather than as yet unrealised rules, may encourage sufficient respect and cooperation between legal systems.


Online social networks provide access to the user's information for long periods of time after the information's initial publication. In this paper, we investigate the relation between information aging and its sharing preferences on Facebook. Our findings are based on a survey of 193 Facebook users, in which we asked users to specify their sharing preferences and intentions towards posts that were published in different periods of time (from the time of the survey and up to 24 months prior to the time of the survey.) Our results show that willingness to share significantly drops with the time passed since publishing the post. The occurrence of life changes, such as graduating from college or moving to a new town, is correlated with a further decrease in the willingness to share. We discuss our findings by relating it to information aging theories and privacy theories. Finally, we use our results to reflect on privacy mechanisms for long-term usage of online social networks, such as expiry date for content and historical information reviewing processes.


Study/Objective: This project was aimed to evaluate waiting times in various processes in the ED of an academic hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Background: Waiting for a physician visit in hospitals is one of the main factors associated with health care quality. Overcrowding is a significant problem in the Emergency Department (ED). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in ED of our academic hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Data was gathered as a checklist. Intervals between triage and first visit, getting nursing care and discharge from ED were the main variables in our study. Data was entered using the SPSS version 16; P-value less than 0.05 was considered as significance level. Results: In the first 25 days of the study, 1,250 patients were enrolled the study. Of those, 466 patients (37.2%) were triaged in first and second level and 784 (62.8%) were in third or fourth level. Mean duration between triage and first visit was 13.5± 7.6 minutes (first and second level of triage) and 16.4± 10.1 minutes (third and fourth level). Mean duration for receiving nursing care was 12.1± 7.8 minutes (first and second level of triage) and 15.6± 9.5 minutes (third and fourth level). There was a negative correlation between number of patients and waiting time for the first visit, in patients were in third and fourth level of triage (p< 0.001, r= 0.654). Conclusion: Our finding revealed that the number of ED physicians and nurses were correlated with waiting time for patients. So it seems, the use of strategies to reduce ED waiting time could be satisfying for both patients and staffs.


ABSTRACT Objectives: In patients with early-stage dementia and their caregiving partners, reciprocal dyadic coping (DC) is crucial for preventing or reducing depressive symptoms in both partners. This study examines the relationships between 'own DC' and 'perceived partner DC' with depressive symptoms in couples coping with dementia on individual (actor effects) and cross-person (partner effects) levels. Method: 164 individuals (82 patients with early-stage dementia and their 82 caregiving partners; ND = 82 dyads) participated in this prospective study with measures (DC, depressive symptoms, and dementia severity) taken at baseline and at six months. Each partner evaluated their own and the perceived partner DC. Actor–partner interdependence models were applied to the resulting four independent evaluations. Results: Results differed substantially between patients and caregivers. DC was significantly related to patients' but not to caregivers' depressive symptoms, when adjustments were made for individual coping. Perceived partner DC showed a negative association with depressive symptoms in patients, whereas own DC was adversely related for actor as well as for partner effects across individuals. Conclusion: The adverse association between the own DC of the caregiver and the patient on depressive symptoms of the patient might be due to inappropriate efforts or to the loss of autonomy as a care-receiver. DC is important in both patients and caregivers, as shown by the negative association between perceived partner DC and depressive symptoms in the patients, which might inform interventions that target the couple as a whole.


This thesis focuses broadly on characterizing and understanding the Li intercalation mechanism in phospho-olivines, namely LiFePO 4 and Li(Fe,Mn)P0 4, using first-principles calculations. Currently Li-ion battery technology is critically relied upon for the operation of electrified vehicles, but further improvements mainly in cathode performance are required to ensure widespread adoption, which in itself requires learning from existing commercial cathode chemistries. LiFePO 4 is presently used in commercial Li-ion batteries, known for its rapid charge and discharge capability but with underwhelming energy density. This motivates the three central research efforts presented herein. First, we investigate the modified phase diagram and electrochemical properties of mixed olivines, such as Li(Fe,Mn)P04, which offer improved theoretical energy density over LiFePO4 (due to the higher redox voltage associated with Mn +/Mn 3+). The Lix(FelyMny)PO 4 phase diagram is constructed by Monte Carlo simulation on a cluster expansion Hamiltonian parametrized by first-principles determined energies. Deviations from the equilibrium phase behavior and voltages of pure LiFePO 4 and LiMnPO4 are analyzed and discussed to good agreement with experimental observations. Second, we address why LiFePO4 exhibits superior rate performance strictly when the active particle size is brought down to the nano-scale. By considering the presence of immobile point defects residing in the 1D Li diffusion path, specifically by calculating from first principles both defect formation energies and Li migration barriers in the vicinity of likely defects, the Li diffusivity is recalculated and is found to strongly vary with particle size. At small particle sizes, the contribution from defects is small, and fast 1D Li diffusion is accessible. However, at larger particle sizes (pm scale and above) the contribution from defects is much larger. Not only is Li transport impeded, but it is also less anisotropic in agreement with experiments on large LiFePO 4 single crystals. Third, we investigate why LiFePO4 can be charged and discharged rapidly despite having to undergo a first-order phase transition. Conventional wisdom dictates that a system with strong equilibrium Li segregation behavior requires both nucleation and growth in the charge and discharge process, which should impede the overall kinetics. Rather, through first-principles calculations, we determine the minimal energy required to access a non-equilibrium transformation path entirely through the solid solution. Not only does this transformation mechanism require little driving force, but it also rationalizes how a kinetically favorable but nonequilibrium path is responsible for the extremely high rate performance associated with this material. The consequences of a rapid non-equilibrium single-particle transformation mechanism on (dis)charging a multi-particle assembly, as is the case in porous electrodes, are discussed and compared to experimental observations. Thesis Supervisor: Gerbrand Ceder Title: R.P. Simmons Professor of Materials Science and Engineering 3


A binary charge transfer complex-dipropylamine tetracyanoquinodimethane (DPA(TCNQ)2) was synthesized. Using STM we studied the surface topography of the single crystal and observed the molecular arrangement of the ab plane. Section analysis indicates that the surface lattice constants are in nice agreement with the XRD data of the bulk lattice constants. We successfully wrote information dot array on the crystal surface with a writing probability of 100%. Experimental results indicate that pulse width has strong influence on the threshold voltage for hole formation. This result does not support the typical field-induced evaporation mechanism but strongly supports the thermochemical hole burning (THB) mechanism.


A 6-bit digital 360° active phase shifter with high accuracy fabricated in 0.13-µm SiGe process is presented in this brief for V-band phased arrays. A transformer balun is applied for good balance and small chip area. A Lange coupler generates broadband I/Q signals. A novel operation mode of digital-to-analog convertors (DACs) control the I/Q amplitude to achieve high accuracy. The implemented phase shifter features good performance of 6-bit resolution between 58–63 GHz. The measured results are as follows: the peak average gain is 1.6 dB at 60 GHz, the root mean square (RMS) phase error is less than 2.2° and the RMS gain error is 0.05-0.46 dB. The active phase shifter occupies a compact size of 0.24 mm2.


According to the demands of national standard GB 6944-86,dangerous goods mainly contain materials that are explosive,inflammable,poisonous,corroded,radioactive,which have special demands during assemble,transportation and deposition.The transformation of dangerous goods from products to commodities has a series of transportation steps,while highway transportation is a flexible and convenient pattern to realize the transformation of dangerous goods.The characters of dangerous goods mean that it is very easy to have causalities and properties damage during transportation.Because there are frequent accidents for dangerous goods transportation,the transportation department should strictly abide by relative regulations and standardize transportation operation.


Lymphocyte function measured by the assay of mitotic response to PHA was studied in the blood of 46 fullterm and 51 premature neonates. The lymphocyte cultures were incubated for 72 hours at 37°C and DMA synthesis was estimated by incorporation of [125J] 5-iodo-deoxyuridine. DNA synthesis in unstimulated cultures from premature or fullterm newborns was significantly greater than in adult controls (p < 0.001). With the maximal PHA stimulation dose the mitotic response of neonates both fullterm and prematures during the first 4 days of life was significantly lower than in adults (p < 0.001). However it rose to adult levels after the 4th day. In the presence of the submaximal PHA dose the mitotic response was similar in adults and neonates in the first days of life and later. These findings indicate decreased mitogenic capacity of the lymphocytes during the first days of life suggesting either functional immaturity or the presence of an inhibitory factor in the newborn's plasma.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a disposable wearing article which does not require the assembly work in the case of being worn in a pants shape and can be easily assembled in the case of being worn in an unfolded shape. SOLUTION: A disposable diaper 1 of this invention is provided with a waist band 2 arranged at the waist part of a wearing person and an absorbent main body 5 arranged at the crotch part of the wearing part from the back side to an abdominal side. The waist band 2 is formed in an annular shape by joining a back side band 3 and an abdominal side band 4 with each other. The absorbent main body 5 is formed in a long length shape by laminating a liquid permeable surface sheet 6, a liquid holding absorption layer 7 and a liquid impermeable back surface sheet 8. At the back side end part 5a of the absorbent main body 5, the side of the back surface sheet 8 is fixed to the inner surface of the back side band 3. At the abdominal side end part 5b of the absorbent main body 5, the side of the surface sheet 6 is freely attachably and detachably joined to the outer surface of the abdominal side band 4. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI


DISSERTATION: UV and cold temperature effects on messenger RNA integrity from human saliva STUDENT: Samila Charkhezarrin DEGREE: Doctorate of Education in Science COLLEGE: Sciences and Humanities DEPARTMENT: Biology DATE: December 2011 PAGES: 45 Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) turns out to be an increasingly important molecule in forensic analysis of biological samples. Because of the specific role of mRNA in all living cells to transfer genetic information from DNA to proteins, mRNA is able to provide cell-specific information and regulate control of gene expression. mRNA analysis performed on an extracted mRNA sample isolated from a biological stain of a crime scene can be used to identify the nature of the tissue(s) comprising the stain. In this research, the effects of a couple of mRNA storage conditions such as cold temperature and ultraviolet light exposure on mRNA integrity from human saliva have been evaluated. Human saliva samples have been sampled and exposed to UV light and freezing temperature (-20°C) for varying lengths of time. Extracted mRNA from each sample has been quantified spectrophotometrically and subjected to real time RT-PCR to evaluate stability and integrity of one of the saliva marker transcripts, KRT13 mRNA, of treated samples compared to untreated samples. The results of this study indicated that UV light and freezing temperature don't have a significant effect on the integrity of KRT13 mRNA. There is also no apparent correlation between Ct values of treated samples and treating intervals. This research holds important implications for the use of mRNA for applications in forensic science, an area which has not been researched extensively.


Extra†firm actors have been acknowledged as vital to the success of green energy industries. This article deploys the firm network perspective to deliver a first of its kind analysis of specific extra†firm actor impacts on firm performance in Korea's solar photovoltaic industry. Results are based on quantitative analyses of data from 60 firm respondents and augmented by interviews with eight government officials. Three research questions capture and compare firm and government actor perceptions pertaining to extra†firm actor influences at the national, regional, and extra†local scales, inclusive of place–place competition and cooperation. Results indicate that firms differ in perceptions related to the impact of 18 national level government institutes, R&D centers, associations, and academic societies on their success, and that perceptions vary by level of technology concerning a plethora of other related extra†firm actor and support infrastructure impacts. A comparative perspective is presented based on government informant interviews.


A total of 60 species of eriophyine mites are described and figured. This total comprises the 30 species hitherto known from New Zealand and 30 newly recorded ones, of which 29 are new to science. They are grouped into six genera, of which two - Asetilobus and Ramaculus - are new. Six new combinations are proposed: Acalitus australis , Acalitus avicenniae , Acalitus cottieri , Acalitus taurangensis , Aceria calystegiae , and Asetilobus hodgkinsi . Host-plant records and other collection data are listed for each mite species. The remaining 49 species of New Zealand Eriophyoidea are keyed, described, and illustrated in Fauna of New Zealand number 4, where the superfamily as a whole is introduced and discussed, and an appendix list of host-plant/mite associations is given. Checklist of Taxa Genus Acalitus Keifer, 1965 australis (Lamb, 1952) new combination     avicenniae (Lamb, 1952) new combination     carpatus new species     cottieri (Lamb, 1952) new combination     dissimus new species     essigi (Hassan, 1928)     excelsus new species     intertextus new species     kohus new species     lowei Manson, 1972     morrisoni Manson, 1970     orthomerus (Keifer, 1951)     rubensis Manson, 1970     spinus new species     taurangensis (Manson, 1965) new combination Genus Aceria Keifer, 1944 Eriophyes von Siebold sensu Newkirk & Keifer, 1971     bipedis new species     calystegiae (Lamb, 1952) new combination     capreae new species     carmichaeliae Lamb, 1952     clianthi Lamb, 1952     depressae new species     erinea (Nalepa, 1891)     gersoni new species     gleicheniae new species     hagleyensis new species     healyi Manson, 1970     korelli new species     manukae Lamb, 1952     mayae new species     melicopis new species     melicyti Lamb, 1953     microphyllae new species     parvensis Manson, 1972     pimeliae new species     plagianthi new species     rubifaciens Lamb, 1953     sheldoni (Ewing, 1937)     simonensis new species     strictae new species     tenuifolii new species     titirangiensis Lamb, 1953     tulipae (Keifer, 1938)     victoriae Ramsay, 1958     waltheri (Keifer, 1939) Genus Acerimina Keifer, 1957     pyrrosiae new species Asetilobus new genus     hodgkinsi (Manson, 1965) new combination Genus Eriophyges von Siebold, 1851 Phytoptus Dujardin sensu Newkirk & Keifer, 1971     dracophglli Lamb, 1953     duguidae Manson, 1972     hoheriae Lamb, 1952     lambi Manson, 1965     leptophyllae new species     mali Burts, 1970     paratrophis Lamb, 1953     parsonsiae new species     plaginus new species     planchonellus new species     pyri (Pagenstecher, 1857)     sexstylosae new species     totarae new species Ramaculus new genus     mahoe new species


The campus violence broke out frequently, has a serious impact on individuals, families, society and the interests of the state. Nowadays, prevention of the campus violence for teenagers who are under age is also limited to the education administrative measures, the measures for the prevention of campus violence deterrence is limited, campus violence perpetrators' punishment is not enough to offset the damage. In order to prevent the occurrence of campus violence and create a harmonious, peaceful and orderly learning and working environment, we seriously study the regulation problem of campus violence and analyze the campus violence cases having occurred, found out the problems of legal regulation, and put forward the method of legal regulation to solve the problem of campus violence by means of punishment and education.


Over the past few years there has been an explosion in the publication of Englishlanguage scholarly works on the history of early modern witchcraft : one thinks, quite apart from any contributions the present reviewer may have made, of books by Lyndal Roper, Robin Briggs, Ian Bostridge, Stuart Clark and Diane Purkiss. These works have pushed the study of the subject forward and have, in particular, demonstrated the possibility of approaches to it other than that most familiar to English early modernists, the paradigm created at the beginning of the 1970s by Alan Macfarlane and Keith Thomas. The two books reviewed here were, perhaps, a little unlucky in being published when this rethinking was taking place, for although both of them are serious and useful works they also provoke severe criticisms. Willis's MaleŠolent nurture is the more problematic of these books, probably because it is the more ambitious. Willis is an English Literature professor based in California, and writes from a feminist perspective. The main thrust of her work – the idea that the witch-figure was in many respects a malevolent maternal figure, the witch being, in effect, a 'bad mother ' – is one with which a number of historians have become familiar. This is, in fact, one facet of the welcome recent trend to push theorizing on the connections between women and witchcraft beyond the simple 'witchcraft as a result of male oppression' model that emerged from the Women's Movement in the 1970s, and to see rather how witchcraft fears and witchcraft accusations existed in the web of relationships between women. Willis is also anxious to bring modern psychoanalytic models to bear on early modern witchcraft materials, a connection which has, since Freud, been seen as


A study examined the change in the critical thinking skills of associate degree nursing students as they progressed through their educational process at the Reedsburg campus of Madison Area Technical College (MATC) in Wisconsin. The study sample consisted of two cohorts of 24 students each (students entering MATC's associate degree nursing program in August 1995 and August 1996 and graduating in May 1997 and 1998, respectively) . Each cohort was selected through a randomized selection process from the first-day applicants who fulfilled all the program's prerequisites for entry. The students' critical thinking skills were examined by having them complete the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) before starting and after completing their program of study. The study confirmed CCTST preand posttesting to be a viable means of assessing changes in students' critical thinking skills. One cohort exhibited a significant increase in critical thinking. Both cohorts manifested significant gains in their evaluation and inductive reasoning skills; however, neither cohort demonstrated significant gains in their analysis, inference, and deductive thinking skills. (The report contains 45 references and 17 tables/figures. Appended are a discussion of validation of the California Critical Thinking Skills Test and the agreement to participate as a research subject.) (MN) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** ASSESSMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN ASSOCIATE DEGREE NURSING STUDENTS at Madison Area Technical College Reedsburg by Frances Soukup A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Education Specialist With a Major in Professional Education The Graduate College University of Wisconsin Stout May, 1999 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement ED 1.1 CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY t#* TO THE EDUCATIONAL RE SURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE Soukup The Graduate College University of Wisconsin-Stout Menomonie, Wisconsin 54751


Abstract Sustained multifocal attention for moving targets requires binding object identities with their locations. The brain mechanisms of identity‐location binding during attentive tracking have remained unresolved. In 2 functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments, we measured participants' hemodynamic activity during attentive tracking of multiple objects with equivalent (multiple‐object tracking) versus distinct (multiple identity tracking, MIT) identities. Task load was manipulated parametrically. Both tasks activated large frontoparietal circuits. MIT led to significantly increased activity in frontoparietal and temporal systems subserving object recognition and working memory. These effects were replicated when eye movements were prohibited. MIT was associated with significantly increased functional connectivity between lateral temporal and frontal and parietal regions. We propose that coordinated activity of this network subserves identity‐location binding during attentive tracking.


When considering the creep of cylinders subjected to internal pressure, the theory of Johnson et al. takes into account progressive changes of radial, circumferential and axial stress at any point in the wall thickness. This approach differs from that put forward by Bailey, who assumed that these stresses remained constant with time. The present paper summarizes an examination of both theories, with particular reference to outside and bore diameters, and presents simple equations which enable circumferential strain to be calculated without using the complex graphical integration procedure suggested by Johnson. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that these equations are mathematically identical with those derived by Bailey.


It was first made known by the experiments of Dr. Black, and has since been confirmed by those of Mr. Watt and other philosophers, that the quantity of heat required for raising the temperature of water from fifty degrees to that of the boiling point, is only about a sixth of that which is afterwards required for converting the boiling water into steam. As the steam itself is not hotter than the boiling water, the heat which it had absorbed was said by Dr. Black to be latent; being merely employed in supporting the aerial state which the water had assumed. Whenever this steam is condensed, the heat which was latent again reappears, and in such considerable quantity, that it has been found convenient for various purposes to employ the condensation of steam for heating other bodies. But though water may by this means be brought to the boiling point, it can not be raised above it, and therefore cannot be converted into vapour, so as to pass over by distillation. As soon as the steam has imparted to the water its own temperature, there is no longer any transfer of heat, and the steam passes through the water uncondensed.


Background: Under the impact of COVID-19, public health awareness and medical systems in various countries are facing significant changes. Such problems as unequal and unbalanced distribution of medical resources have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, building a scientific and reasonable equity evaluation system for urban public medical facilities layout optimization is of great research significance. Methods: : This paper introduces the improved potential model and uses the Baidu API navigation planning service to measure the spatial accessibility of medical care under two modes of transportation in Nanchang, and analyzes the spatial equity of medical facilities through the degree of accessibility equilibrium, accessibility adequacy and accessibility deprivation of vulnerable groups. Results: : In terms of accessibility equilibrium and adequacy, The study found a positive correlation between the accessibility of medical facilities and the level of medical services, and spatial equity was the worst in first-level hospitals. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test show that the communities with high housing prices in central city areas have better medical accessibility than those with low housing prices located on the urban fringes. In addition, owing to the high dependence of low-income people on public transport, marginalized urban communities have worse public transport than the central city, resulting in a dual deprivation of resources and location. Conclusions: : In practice, research on spatial equity of medical facilities should pay attention to the exploitation of medical resources of vulnerable groups, prioritize the planning and construction of primary hospitals (primary hospitals), and ensure residents' demand for basic medical facilities, and step-by-step improvement of inequities in healthcare facilities.


This research discussed about the case of diabetes, overweight, and obesity which aimed to determine the factors that most affect the number of adult people with Diabetes from Obesity and Overweight in the world and looking for the best spatial model to make predictions in the next period. This research based on data WHO in 2015 from The 2016 Global Nutrition Report. At 5% level of significance for 2015, factor that influence diabetes is obesity and the most excellent spatial model used in the analysis is Spatial Error Model (SEM) that use Weight Level Order 1 and has R2 value 81.82%.


In many real-life tasks of application of supervised learning approaches, all the training data are not available at the same time. The examples are lifelong image classification or recognition of environmental objects during interaction of instrumented persons with their environment, enrichment of an online-database with more images. It is necessary to pre-train the model at a "training recording phase" and then adjust it to the new coming data. This is the task of incremental/continual learning approaches. Amongst different problems to be solved by these approaches such as introduction of new categories in the model, refining existing categories to sub-categories and extending trained classifiers over them, ... we focus on the problem of adjusting pre-trained model with new additional training data for existing categories. We propose a fast continual learning layer at the end of the neuronal network. Obtained results are illustrated on the opensource CIFAR benchmark dataset. The proposed scheme yields similar performances as retraining but with drastically lower computational cost.


Basalts erupted from spreading centers on the Philippine Sea plate between 50 Ma and the present have the distinctive isotopic characteristics of Indian Ocean mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), such as high 208Pb/204Pb and low 143Nd/144Nd for a given 206Pb/204Pb compared with Pacific and Atlantic Ocean MORB. This feature may indicate that the upper mantle of the Philippine Sea plate originated as part of the existing Indian Ocean upper mantle domain, or, alternatively, that local processes duplicated these isotopic characteristics within the sub-Philippine Sea plate upper mantle. Synthesis of new and published isotopic data for Philippine Sea plate basin basalts and island arc volcanic rocks, radiometric ages, and tectonic reconstructions of the plate indicates that local processes, such as contamination of the upper mantle by subducted materials or by western Pacific mantle plumes, did not produce the Indian Ocean-type signature in Philippine Sea plate MORB. It is more likely that the plate originated over a rapidly growing Indian Ocean upper mantle domain that had spread into the area between Australia/New Guinea and southeast Asia before 50 Ma.


Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) are a new immunotherapeutic tool for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune disorders. We have established a method to generate stable tolDC by pharmacological modulation of human monocyte‐derived DC. These tolDC exert potent pro‐tolerogenic actions on CD4+ T cells. Lack of interleukin (IL)−12p70 production is a key immunoregulatory attribute of tolDC but does not explain their action fully. Here we show that tolDC express transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 at both mRNA and protein levels, and that expression of this immunoregulatory cytokine is significantly higher in tolDC than in mature monocyte‐derived DC. By inhibiting TGF‐β1 signalling we demonstrate that tolDC regulate CD4+ T cell responses in a manner that is at least partly dependent upon this cytokine. Crucially, we also show that while there is no significant difference in expression of TGF‐βRII on CD4+ T cells from RA patients and healthy controls, RA patient CD4+ T cells are measurably less responsive to TGF‐β1 than healthy control CD4+ T cells [reduced TGF‐β‐induced mothers against decapentaplegic homologue (Smad)2/3 phosphorylation, forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression and suppression of (IFN)‐γ secretion]. However, CD4+ T cells from RA patients can, nonetheless, be regulated efficiently by tolDC in a TGF‐β1‐dependent manner. This work is important for the design and development of future studies investigating the potential use of tolDC as a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of RA.


Background: As a destructive factor for the success of athletes, the identification of sports injury helps to prevent and reduce it and is associated with the optimal performance of the athlete. Therefore, the present study aimed to profile musculoskeletal injuries in stone Press (metal shield) and kabbadeh-keshi (iron weight) skills of zurkhaneh (palestra) sports. Methods: In this study, 361 athletes engaged in two zurkhaneh skills were studied in 2019. Data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by the Chi-square test at a level of 5% error using SPSS software version 22. Results: The results of the 51 surveyed athletes indicated that the numbers and frequencies of injuries in the metal shield skill were one (5.9%), two (76.5%), and three (17.6%), with an average number of 2.12 ± 0.48 injuries for this skill. Moreover, spasm, sprain, strain, and disc injuries were the most common types of injuries among the stone Press athletes. In the kabbadeh-keshi skill, one (0.18%), two (48.0%), three (0.28%), and four (0.6%) injuries were recorded among 50 athletes examined in this category, with an average number of 22.82 ± 2.82 injuries for athletes in this skill.


In order to simplify the model of doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG) and improve the robustness,variable speed and constant frequency(VSCF) DFIG wind power generation systems from the perspective of energy and robustness based on passivity and sliding mode control(SMC) theory were studied.Firstly,the model of DFIG based on Euler-Lagrange(EL) equations was established,so the original DFIG wind turbine system is divided into electrical and mechanical subsystem.For two subsystems,the electrical subsystem was designed;while the mechanical subsystem is a energy-consuming system and stable through selecting the suitable design parameters,so the system control algorithm is simplified.A high-order terminal SMC to get a faster speed and the better robustness for the speed loop was designed.Simulation results show that the proposed controller is simple and effective,and it not merely can guarantee the wind power system output constant frequency and the motor speed can also track the reference speed quickly,so the static and dynamic performance of the whole wind turbine system is improved.


Abstract : Laser Raman Scattering (LRS) has been investigated as a possible approach toward providing a nonperturbing flow calibration method for arc-heated wind tunnel facilities. Such a calibration is needed to evaluate the chemical and thermodynamic properties of the high temperature air flow which cannot be accurately determined using standard probe techniques. Theoretical calculations showed that the number densities and vibrational temperatures of nitrogen, oxygen, and nitric oxide could be obtained using the Raman spectroscopic method. Exploratory experimental LRS results obtained in the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory 50-Megawatt Reentry Nose Tip (RENT) Facility showed that it is indeed feasible to apply LRS to arch-tunnel flow diagnostics.


This paper presents a novel approach for simultaneous localization, mapping (SLAM) and detection of moving objects based on matching 2D range scans. We use the uncertain region to judge the type of scan points, thereby improving the accuracy of distinction between the dynamic and static objects. The approach improves the accuracy of SLAM in dynamic environment, reduces the interference caused by moving objects, and enhances the practical utility of traditional methods of SLAM. Moreover, the approach expands fields of both research and application of SLAM in combination with target tracking method. Results in real robot experiments show the effectiveness of our method.


SCC & C is one of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk divisions which produce
flavour seasoning �Royco�. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk implement Total
Productive Maintenance (TPM) as a firm foundation to build sustainable
improvements. PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk implement planned maintenance
which pillar is included in TPM. Planned maintenance includes components
replacement every 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. Planned maintenance
every 3 months only for agitator bearing replacement (6004 series) which takes 8
hours or one working shift. The aim of the study are to calculate the lifetime of
agitator bearing then change the type of bearing to eliminate the 3 months
planned maintenance schedule and reduce planned maintenance 6 months time.
There are some methods used in this study. The first is doing observation
to collect data according to the condition that happen on the field. The second
method is interview, this method is used to get information for completing data.
The third method is collecting data based on the literature. The forth is observing
the agitator bearing in Royco machine. The last is doing bearing lifetime
calculation in hopper filling unit to get bearing series which type of bearing has
lifetime more than 12 months.
The study show that the 6007 series bearing rating life is 15987.72 million
revolution with operating time 22.21 months. By replacing agitator bearing to the
6007 series bearing, agitator bearing replacement can be done only at the time of
planned maintenance schedule every 12 months.


Several parasitic infections are associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation resulting in fruits containing eggs, cysts or larva of parasites. A survey of some fruits sold around Dutsin-ma metropolis in Katsina was carried out to identify the eggs, cyst and larva present on them. A total of 180 fruit pieces were examined using standard wet mount procedure and Kinyoun acid fast stain to detect presence of parasites. The percentage of fruits found with eggs, cysts or larvae of six parasites identified were eggs of hookworm (16.42%), Ascaris lumbricoides eggs (24.30%), Trichuris trichuira eggs (8.62%), Strongyloides stercoralis larvae (6.64%), immature cyst of Entamoeba histolytica (31.62%) and eggs of Taenia species (12.4%) respectively. Garden eggs had the highest percentage with parasites' ova, cysts or larva (60.3%) followed by water melon (21.4%) and cucumber (12.12%), mangoes (10%), carrots (4.8%) and oranges (0%). The chi-square test showed significant (p<0.05) differences in number of fruits with parasitic infection. It is very important to encourage proper washing of fresh and raw fruits before they are sold or eaten which will thereby prevent transmission either at point of sell or consumption of fruits which infect via the oral route


This study aimed to clarify the coping process in children who developed food allergies in early childhood and evaluate the nursing support required to enable the acquisition of independent care behaviors in children with food allergies. Semi structured interviews were conducted on 24 children (aged 11 - 15 years) with food allergies using the modified grounded theory approach. The 11 categories were identified as coping mechanisms that these children used to deal with their early childhood food allergies. The coping process in children with food allergies involved transition from a stage of viewing their allergy with fear to a stage of considering the allergy as manageable and thus tackling allergens in their own way in the Life model. The process required obtaining peace of mind with support from others. In addition to emphasizing the threat of food allergies and risk aversion behaviors to these children, it is important that nurses also communicate viable proposals for alternative behaviors for the prohibited actions. The results also suggest that children in school age or older require support to help them recognize food allergy-related issues as problem-oriented coping tasks from the viewpoint of both Medical and Life models.


The growing availability and popularity of opinion rich resources such as blogs, shopping websites, review portals, and social media platforms have attracted several researchers to perform the sentiment analysis task. Unlike English, Chinese, Spanish, etc. the availability of Indian languages such as Hindi, Telugu, Tamil, etc., over the web have also been increased at a rapid rate. This research work understands the growing popularity of Hindi language in the web domain and considered it for the task of sentiment analysis. The research work analyses the hidden sentiments from the movie reviews collected from the review section of Hindi language e-newspapers. The reviews are multilingual, which makes sentiment analysis a challenging task. To overcome the challenges, this research work proposes a deep learning based approach where a Gated Recurrent Unit network is combined with the Hindi word embedding model. The strategy enables the network to efficiently capture the semantic and syntactic relation between Hindi words and accurately classify them into the sentiment classes. Gated Recurrent Unit network's performance is profoundly dependent upon the selection of its hyper-parameters; therefore, this research work also utilizes a Genetic Algorithm to automatically build a gated recurrent network architecture enabling it to select the best optimal hyper-parameters. It has been observed that the proposed Genetic Algorithm-Gated Recurrent Unit (GA-GRU) model is effective and achieves breakthrough performance results on the Hindi movie review dataset as compared to other traditional resource-based and machine learning approaches.


The use of teacher-written praise notes has the potential to positively influence student classroom behavior and relationships. However, few studies have examined the social validity of praise in schools. The purpose of this study was to evaluate student, teacher, and parent perceptions of a school-wide praise note intervention implemented by teachers at a Title I elementary school. Social validity surveys were completed by 23 teachers, 203 parents, and 203 students at the end of the school year. Results indicated that participants believed praise notes helped improve classroom behavior, relationships, and home-school communication. Results also suggested that praise notes were sustainable and had a good level of teacher buy-in, though suggestions for improvement were noted. Implications and limitations of this study are addressed.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between port and city growth with the help of the port impact curve and relative concentration index (RCI). This is done from the two aspects of (1) clarifying the characteristics of the interaction between Ningbo port and city, and (2) clarifying the phased development of the relationship between Ningbo port and city. Design/Methodology/Approach – Based on the method of the port impact curve and RCI, we conduct a case study of Ningbo, a port-city in Southeast China, and we also make a meaningful comparison between Ningbo and other famous port cities in China. Findings – This paper finds that Ningbo port and city have been in a relatively loose relationship from 2010 to 2021. Over these 12 years, the relationship between Ningbo port and city has shown signs of changing from the stage of agglomeration and diffusion effect to the stage of urban selfgrowth effect. Also, we find that, compared with other port cities, the positive correlation between Ningbo port cargo throughput and urban economy development is relatively weak. However, Ningbo's export-oriented economic characteristics form a certain boost for the development of port container throughput. Research Implications – In the management of this paper, this study revealed the flexibility and complexity of the port-city relationship, suggesting that the stage characteristics of the port-city relationship should be combined on the road of the sustainable development of ports and cities, which will also provide reference for follow-up research.


Design of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is difficult because of limited battery energy of sensor nodes. Low bandwidth and energy consumption are major problems that we face in UWSNs, due to dynamic behavior of water in underwater environment. In our scheme, circular field is divided into ten sub-regions and each region is divided into eight sectors. Two mobile sinks move to cover the maximum area of the network field. Mobile Sink1 (Ms1) covered the first five regions of the network and remaining covered by Mobile Sink2 (Ms2). Both mobile sinks move sector wise in clockwise direction. Due to the mobility of the sinks. We have verify the better performance through simulation results of Network lifetime, Stability and Instability period, Energy consumption and Throughput.


The endothelium, in addition to its antithrombogenic properties, exerts a variety of effects on vascular homeostasis, the most prominent being the control of vascular tone and cell growth. These effects are mainly mediated either directly or indirectly by endothelium-derived autacoids such as nitric oxide, prostacyclin, endothelin-1, and possibly prostaglandin H2. In normotension, during which the endothelium produces mainly nitric oxide and prostacyclin, the vasodilator and growth inhibitory influence predominates. Hypertension, on the other hand, is associated with a shift toward enhanced constriction and vascular hypertrophy. These effects are associated with a decreased production of nitric oxide and prostacyclin and increased production of endothelin-1 and prostaglandin H2. Although the evidence is circumstantial, anti-hypertensive therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors appears to redress the imbalance in endothelial production of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor autacoids and to reverse morphological changes within the vascular wall.


Does joining a governing coalition as a junior partner influence a party's subsequent electoral success? We argue that joining a multiparty cabinet as a junior partner considerably hurts a party's future electoral prospects as junior partners cannot enact much of what they promised before the election and since they cannot sufficiently differentiate themselves from their larger coalition partner. To test our theoretical expectations comparatively and over time, we have compiled a comprehensive data set on the electoral performance of 307 political parties running in 219 elections in twenty-eight European countries from 1972 to 2017. To shed light on the underlying causal mechanisms, we additionally provide empirical evidence from an illustrative case study showing that the inability to deliver on election promises and a large degree of misperception among voters are important drivers of junior coalition parties' electoral losses. Our findings provide important insights into the relationship between coalition governments and electoral competition.


This article presents a universal model of Interface protocols in 3G optical access networks, whose stack and planeplate can be modified flexiblely according to the development of the communication transmission technology and users' need. It labors all the stacks of interface protocol of Release 99 network model which is based on WCDMA technology suggested by 3GPP. It is of great significance for 3G network technology research.


A new flood forecast and control system based on B/S model is developed after analyzing the flood forecast and control system based on C/S model. The technique involved and system structure are studied. It's convenient to expand and maintain the new flood forecast and control system.


This article presents the results of an investigation about the social representations of high school students (16 to 18 years old) in Colombia regarding citizenship, democracy, participation and politics. The theoretical approach to the work recognized, as a starting point, 4 theoretical models: the liberal, the republican, the communitarian and the radical. The work was framed in the perspective of the central nucleus and the peripheral system. The study methodology was mixed. The information was obtained through a questionnaire of open and closed questions. The findings show that the students have representations that fall between the liberal and republican models. The identification of the central nucleus of the representations allows the design of didactic proposals that go beyond the hegemonic discourses of the studied categories and contribute to the construction of a future with greater social justice.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the role of combined positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) in predicting early treatment response at the primary site and in the neck after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).

DESIGN
Retrospective analysis with a median follow-up of 24 months.

SETTING
Academic, tertiary referral center.

PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS
Thirty-one patients who were treated with concomitant intra-arterial CRT underwent PET-CT 6 to 8 weeks after the completion of treatment. Patients with findings on the physical examination, CT, or PET-CT indicative of persistent disease underwent appropriate surgical intervention for pathological assessment. Patients with a complete clinical response were observed with routine follow-up physical examination for disease recurrence. No evidence of disease at least 6 months after the completion of PET-CT was considered confirmation of complete clinical response.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Presence or absence of residual or recurrent disease during the follow-up period was used to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of PET-CT for the primary site and the neck.

RESULTS
Assessment of tumor response at the primary site with PET-CT had a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 83%, 54%, 31%, and 92%, respectively. In patients with pretreatment N1 to N3 disease, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of posttreatment PET-CT were 75%, more than 94%, more than 75%, and 94%, respectively, and the specificity and negative predictive value for patients with pretreatment N0 disease in the neck were 92% and more than 92%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Negative PET-CT findings accurately determine early disease response at the primary site and in the neck. False-positive findings are common at the primary site. Patients with a negative PET-CT finding after the completion of intra-arterial CRT do not require surgical intervention.


This paper explores how the ballerina can be better represented in the culture, aesthetics, and politics of ballet. Despite the patriarchal and misogynistic traditions that this art form is steeped in, women have made significant strides in reclaiming ballet as a tool of female empowerment rather than of suppression or objectification. A disparity of leadership positions, a traditionally disempowering training system, misogynistic ballet narratives, and patterns of abuse and harassment all combine to create a world that disempowers female dancers on multiple levels. Despite these realities, women have been at the forefront of narrowing wage and opportunity gaps, encouraging transparency about mental and physical health, speaking out against harmful power dynamics, and creating ballets that tell a more complete story of the female experience. This thesis aims to emphasize the work that is being done to remedy these systemic issues, while also further exploring the question of female empowerment through the ballet technique. In conjunction with the research that was done into the broader topic, I created a full-length piece designed to illustrate the process by which the ballet technique might be able to serve the ballerina herself, rather than the man who constructed her. This collaborative choreographic process incorporated inspiration from several other choreographers who have also grappled with the topic of female representation through ballet movement. I aimed to collaborate with my dancers to portray the intrinsic strength of the ballerina and the freedom of artistic expression that can be found through the technique.


Computer simulation of hydroelectric units is impossible without calculating vibrations of their assemblies. The permissible oscillations are determined by the norms. The existing norms do not meet modern requirements. In the article there are presented problems of evaluating test results according to the existing norms. Firstly,the operating frequency band of the sensor on the vibro-displacement parameter does not cover the frequency range 0.1-200 Hz. There is no such vibrating sensor. We cannot get technically a complete picture of the vibration state of the hydraulic unit and according to the norms determine its evaluation. Therefore, the frequency band 0.1-2 Hz is proposed to be monitored separately by pressure pulsation sensors. The norms of permissible pulsations are required for this procedure.Secondly, the sensor resonance is in the frequency band of the structure. Thirdly, the frequency band to be monitored is not specified in the norms. Possible errors in estimating oscillations are revealed in the article.


Abstract This paper is the second in a series of two devoted to a detailed study of Composite Element Method for vibration analysis of structures. The first paper focused on the principle and C 0 element of the Composite Element Method. The present one concentrates on developing the beam element of the Composite Element Method. The related contents cover the expression of displacement field, the stiffness matrix and the consistent mass matrix of beam element, and transformation matrix. Especially, the detailed numerical verifications for the beam element of Composite Element Method are presented, which involve the h -version and the c -version. Also, some applications to the vibration analyses of lathe, automobile and frame are given in detail.


Mineral extraction for sand and gravel is often concentrated in lowland river valleys near major towns and airports. Where restoration schemes for such sites include open water, they frequently attract large numbers of waterfowl and other hazardous bird species that pose a birdstrike risk to aircraft. There is a need, therefore, to predict the numbers of birds likely to be attracted to a potential restoration and to assess how any movements will impact upon flight safety prior to a site being developed. Regression analysis was used to determine whether waterfowl count data from over three hundred separate locations in the UK could be related to morphological variables derived from available maps. Variables available for the study included area of open water, length of bank and number of islands. Results showed significant relationships, but suggested that for a truly useful predictive model a number of more detailed measurements would be required. A literature search revealed a range of potential factors that might be included in any model, though little research had been conducted on mineral extraction sites per se. A distinction needs to be made between factors that might be measurable in a planning situation before extraction at a site is completed, such as the physical dimensions of a proposed waterbody, and factors that are unpredictable at this time, such as the development of aquatic vegetation or changes in water chemistry over time. A major study of gravel pit restorations is planned for the UK, incorporating measurements of all potential factors that might influence hazardous bird numbers. Measurements of the number and nature of bird movements generated by the bird populations present on these pits will also be recorded. It is hoped that this will provide an objective measure of the birdstrike risk posed by differing types of restoration.


Gas with negligible or zero composition of hydrogen sulphide is sweet natural gas. During production, transportation and processing, the presence of traces of water can cause problems such as ice formation and/0r the problem of gas hydrates, increase in corrosion potential of the gas and two-phase flow problems if condensation occurs. Calculation of the water content at specified temperature and pressure conditions is the first step. A formula based approach of the calculation is proposed, and comparison with existing formulas presented. Application of the proposed formula in the specified ranges of temperature and pressure conditions of 15oC (59oF) to 48.8oC (119.84oF) and 1.07MPa (155.19 psia) to 10MPa (1450.38 psia) is recommended for sweet natural gases. A calculated Mean Absolute Percentage Deviation (MAPD) of 16.4077% from the experimental data is the statistical indicator used for validity check. It predicted better than some existing models which are adaptable under certain conditions. Only a hand-held device is required as the proposed model is highly simplified.


In pH=7.0 NH4Ac-HAc buffer solution,magnesium can react with picramazo-H-acid to form a 1∶2 blue complex.The molar absorptivity is 1.2×104L·mol-1·cm-1 at 632nm.Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 1.0—80μg/50mL.This method can be applied to the determination of magnesium in liangshan leaf tobacco with satisfactory results.


At the inception of an ageing society in China, the issue of adding elevators to old residential building has attracted more and more attentions and become a pressing social problem. The paper focuses on some typical zones or buildings in different phases of adding elevators to old residential ones in Guangzhou, based on the approach that it combines quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. At the same time, in-depth interviews and questionnaire inquires are adopted when it comes to residents; moreover, results are statistically analyzed by using SPSS software, which are made the advantage of cross section analysis and comparative analysis against in-depth interview results. In the end, residents' views are reflected accurately in this paper, aware of adding elevators to old residential buildings, and some relevant policy suggestions are put forward accordingly.


An Ex-vivo Comparative Evaluation of Apical Debris And Irrigant Extrusion From Curved Canals Using Three Different Ni-Ti Instruments With Conventional Irrigation Methods.

Abstract-

Aim: The present study aimed to compare and evaluate debris and irrigant extrusion from curved root canals using different Ni-Ti systems.

Materials and Method: 30 single rooted mandibular premolars were used in this study. Crown was decoronated, working length and initial apical diameter was established. 1.5% agar gel model was used in this study. Samples were assigned randomly into 3 groups (n = 10 teeth per group). Protaper Next, OneShape, NT GOLD files were used according to the manufacturers' instructions for canal instrumentation. Apically extruded debris and irrigant was computed by deducting the initial weight of the test apparatus without a tooth from its weight after the biomechanical preparation. Comparative analysis of the amount of apically extruded debris and irrigant for each of the instruments and the experimental models was performed.
Results: Statistically significant difference was found between the three experimental groups. (P <.05). Amid all the groups least extrusion was observed in the Protaper Next group when used in combination with conventional irrigation
Conclusion: All the instruments produced apically extruded debris and irrigant, but maximum was seen with OneShape among the experimental groups.
Keywords: Apically extruded debris and irrigant, NT Gold, ProtaperNext, OneShape


The pounding between components of structure has significant influences on structural performance under earthquake.It is a complex nonlinear phenomenon involving many parameters.This paper is concerned with selection of pounding model parameters and its effects on structures under earthquake.The essential pounding parameters and their effects on bridge structures under earthquake are obtained by single column model using minimum number of parameters.


Crown rot, caused by a parasitic complex, is one of the main post-harvest diseases affecting bananas. Colletotrichum musae is often regarded as one of the most prevalent fungi contributing to the crown rot complex. Geographical and seasonal variations in symptom expression have been observed for disease caused by C. musae. It has been suggested that this phenomenon results partially from variations at the level of fruit quality potential. Quality potential is controlled by a physiological component, but also by a parasitic component, which appears as the level of banana contamination. The physiological component of the fruit quality potential determines fruit susceptibility, i.e. the response of the fruit to inoculum pressure. For better knowledge of the mechanisms influencing fruit susceptibility to crown rot, the within-bunch variability of fruit susceptibility was evaluated. For this, one bunch per week reaching 900 degree-days (dd) as calculated by the method of Ganry (1978) was harvested at the Diadia station (PHP, Njombe, Cameroon) over a 10-week period. Bunches harvested were equivalent in size with no observable defects. Hands were numbered from 1 to 8 according to their order of appearance on the bunch (hand 1: top of the bunch, hand 8: bottom of the bunch, near the final bud). The susceptibility of each hand was evaluated. Statistical test showed highly significant (p<0.001) within-bunch variability in fruit susceptibility to C. musae. The fruits of hands 1 to 3 showed statistically the same susceptibility and appeared as the most susceptible, with an internal necrotic surface (INS) average of 138.3 mm2. The second statistical group comprised the fruits of hands 4 to 8 and had an INS average of 87 mm2. A strict linear correlation (R=0.95) was observed between INS and hand position in the bunch. (Resume d'auteur)


We measured CA 125 levels in sera and menstrual blood of subjects with a normal ovulatory cycle and in those with endometriosis. Serum CA 125 levels were higher in the latter, in each phase of the menstrual cycle. The CA 125 levels in patients with endometriosis, particularly those with adenomyosis, tend to be higher than in those with a normal ovulatory cycle. We propose that measurement of CA 125 in the menstrual blood may be able to help distinguishing adenomyosis from myoma uteri and may also help in assessing clinical endometriosis.


2. Aslan H. Early results of HemiCAP® resurfacing implant. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica. 2012;46(1):17-21. doi:10.3944/aott.2012.2610. 3. Binkley J, Stratford P, Lott S, Riddle D. The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. Phys Ther. 1999;79(4):371-383. 4. Cdc.gov. Arthritis | At A Glance Reports | Publications | Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion | CDC. 2015. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/aag/arthritis.htm. Accessed September 23, 2015. 5. Thordarson D. Foot And Ankle. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004:221-236. 6. Hamid K, Parekh S. Clinical Presentation and Management of Hallux Rigidus. Foot and Ankle Clinics. 2015;20(3):391-399. doi:10.1016/j.fcl.2015.04.002. 7. Dellenbaugh S. 1st Metatarsal Phalangeal (MTP) Joint Replacement (Arthroplasty) footEducation. footEducation. 2015. Available at: http://www.footeducation.com/surgical-procedures/1st-metatarsal-phalangeal-mtp-jointreplacement-arthroplasty/. Accessed September 24, 2015. 8. Arthrosurface. Toe Implants Arthrosurface. 2015. Available at: http://www.arthrosurface.com/products/toe/toe-hemicap-systems/. Accessed September 24, 2015. 9. Podiatrytoday.com. An Emerging Option For Metatarsal Head Resurfacing Of The First MPJ | Podiatry Today. 2015. Available at: http://www.podiatrytoday.com/emerging-option-metatarsal-head-resurfacing-first-mpj. Accessed November 10, 2015. 10. Acknowledgements: Ramsey Rehabilitation Incorporated, Leominster, MA Jim Hogue, PT Use of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) in a Patient After a First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Implant: A Case Report.


In order to clarify the mechanism by which compressive residual stresses are created during shot peening, a 76.2 mm diameter steel ball was repeatedly dropped against selected spots on a flat steel plate. In addition, static indentation of the plate by the same steel ball was also carried out. After the first drop and static indentation, a tensile residual stress was found near the center of the ball indentation mark and the peak of compressive residual stresses was found outside of the indentation. With increasing in the number of drops, the tensile residual stress became compressive. Furthermore, a steel ball attached to a cylindrical weight was dynamically dropped on the center of a fatigue test specimen and a rotating-bending fatigue test was carried out to investigate the effect of residual stresses on the fatigue strength. The fatigue strength of the specimens containing the indentation produced by a dynamic shot decreased remarkably compared to those of unpeened specimens.


The present invention includes a method and apparatus for improving the audibility of a multichannel audio signal in speech. The method comprises: a first and second features of multi-channel audio signal is compared to generate an attenuation factor. The first characteristic corresponds to a multi-channel audio signal contains speech audio and non-speech audio channels of the first, the second characteristic corresponds to a second channel comprising predominantly non-speech audio multi-channel audio signal. The method further comprising: the speech likelihood value to generate an adjusted attenuation factor adjusted attenuation factor. The method further comprising: using the adjusted attenuation factor for attenuating the second channel.


DEAR SIR, Snaith and his colleagues have published (Journal, February 5976, pp 556-65) an important study of the self'assessment of anxiety and depression. It may perhaps be worthwhile to correct the impression given by the statement on page :64: †̃¿ Zung(:@67) found no evidence that the scores on his scale were affected significantly by age or sex.' Zung has since (:972) published an articleshowing a higher pro valence of elevated scores among two extreme age groups (19 and under, 65 and over). Using an SDS index of 50 as the †̃¿ morbidity cut-off score' he found that this misclassified only 52 per cent of normal subjects. Within the extreme age groups mentioned above, 48 per cent and @ per cent respectively exceeded this cut-off point. R. G. P1UESr Departmentof P.@ychiatr,, St Mary's Hospital, Harrow Road, London W9 3RL


Effects of minimum landing size (LC) in the fishery of Norwegian spring-spawning herring have been investigated. The herring is assumed to be a unit stock, in which the growth of immatures differs according to the distribution area. Two immature stock components are distinguished. One distributed in Norwegian coastal waters south o f 70 degrees north and one off Northern Norway and in the Barents Sea. Stock and yield per recruit for two corresponding stock components were calculated (ICES standard programmes) using input parameters as observed in the respective areas. The weight in catch by age of immatures is set equal to that observed in autumn catches (expected to be the main fishing season of immatures) whereas the weight in catch of adults is the average over the year. The weight by age in the stock equals observed weight of prespawners. The maturity ogive by component is calculated by using the length dependent maturing scale described by Toresen (1986). The assessment shows that if this stock is managed at F o a l , there is little to gain in yield and stock per recruit by introducing a mifimum landing size above 20 cm in Norwegian coastal waters (south of 70 N), whereas some increase in yield may be obtained in the Barents Sea. Introduction The Atlanto-Scandian Herring and Capelin Working Group considered the effects of a minimum landing size of herring (1,) at its 1985 meeting (Anon 1 9 8 6 1 . Based on an assumed average growth pattern similar to that observed in the strong yearclasses 1959 and 1960 and a natural mortality rate of 0.13 for all agegroups, the Working Group calculated stock and yield per recruit for minimum landing sizes of 20 cm, 25 cm, 27 cm and 30 cm. The results shoved that some gain could be obtained in the potential yield by increasing the minimum landing size from 20 cm to 25 cm at an exploitation level of F O . , , but practically no gain in yield can be expected by increasing 1, above 25 cm. The growth pattern and natural mortality rate of immature herring may differ according to the distribution area of the immatures. The juvenile herring off northern Norway and in the Barents Sea has a slower growth rate than the juvenile herring distributed on the Norwegian coast further to the south. It is also reasonable to assume that natural mortality of herring is higher in the Barents Sea than in the coastal area due to preadation by cod. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the effects of minimum landing sizes of herring for the two herring components separately, regarding the two groups of immatures to be recruits t o one unit adult stock. Material and methods Sustained yield ( Y ) and corresponding spawning stock ( S ) per recruit have been calculated by using the ICES standard programmes. The input parameters of weight by age, fishing pattern, maturation ogive and natural mortality are determined as follows: Weight by age The weights by age in catch and stock by component are given in Table 1 . The weights in catch are calculated mean weight in the catches in August-October for herring younger than 6 years and mean weight in the catches throughout the year for fish 6 years or older. The weights by age in stock are calculated mean weight by age of stock samples from the the first three months of the year. Fishing pattern The programme determines fishing pattern as relative F by age groups. The minimum landing size may determines the fraction of an age group of immatures being recruited to the catchable stock and the relative F is estimated as the proportion of herring within the age groups beeing above the 1, . The fishing pattern will therefore depend on the growth and is different for the two stock components. The calculated values are shown in Table 2. Maturity ogive The programme calculates mature stock as the sum of the proportions of mature herring in all age groups. Toresen (1986) has shown that the maturity ogive of herring is length dependent, and therefore depends on t h e growth r a t e . The p r o p o r t i o n o f mature h e r r i n g by age groups have been est imated as i t ' s p r o p o r t i o n i n t h e spawning s tock w h i l e ma tu r i ng ( a t 3 , 4 and 5 years ) r e l a t i v e t o i t ' s p r o p o r t i o n when f u l l y r e c r u i t e d (mean prop. a t 6, 7 and 8 yea rs ) . These p r o p o r t i o n s v a r i e s accord ing t o t he growth o f t h e immatures. The i n p u t f i g u r e s o f mature h e r r i n g o f t h e c o a s t a l component a re es t imated t o 102, 25%, 60% and 90Z f o r t h e age groups 3 t o 6 r e s p e c t i v e l y and 100% above 6 years . For t h e Barents Sea component t h e ma tu r i ng i s c a l c u l a t e d t o be de layed by one year . The f i g u r e s a re based on va lues f rom t h e r e s p e c t i v e components o f t h e yearc lasses 1959 and 1960. N a t u r a l m o r t a l i t y I n accordance w i t h t h e same b a s i c c o n s i d e r a t i o n as desc ibed i n t h e Working Group r e p o r t (Anon. 19861, t h e e f f e c t s o f minimum l a n d i n g s i zes a re c a l c u l a t e d f o r t h e f o l l o w i n g va lues o f M: ( 1 ) M = 0.15 f o r a l l ages i n b o t h components; ( 2 ) M1 = M2 = 0.35 and M>2 = 0.15 i n bo th components and ( 3 ) M1 = M 2 = 0 . 5 0 , M3 = 0.35 and M>g = 0.15 i n The Barents Sea. The M-values o f 0.35 on j u v e n i l e s i n t he c o a s t a l component a re d e r i v e d f rom a c o u s t i c s tock abundance es t imates , whereas t h e M-values o f j u v e n i l e h e r r i n g i n t h e Barents Sea a re judged accord ing t o expected p r e d a t i o n p ressure f rom cod. Sus ta inab le y i e l d ( Y ) and corresponding spawning s tock (S ) per r e c r u i t as one year o l d s ( R 1 ) are c a l c u l a t e d as f u n c t i o n o f F f o r 1,-values o f 20 cm, 25 cm, 27 cm (recommended by ACFM) and 30 cm. The r e s u l t s a re shown i n F igures 1 t o 5. For t h e coastal. component ( F i g u r e 1 and 2 ) t h e r e i s L i t t l e t o g a i n i n t h e Y / R 1 f o r F-values below 0.5 even i f M on immatures should be as l ow as 0.15. A r e s t r i c t i o n on t h e s m a l l h e r r i n g f i s h e r y i s on t h e o t h e r hand o f much more impor tance f o r t h e r e c r u i t m e n t t o t h e spawning s tock . For F = 0.5 an i nc rease i n 1, from 20 t o 27 cm may double t he spawning s tock i f M on immature h e r r i n g i s l e s s than 0.35. For The Barents Sea component a cons iderab le g a i n i n y i e l d can be expected by a minimum l a n d i n g s i z e r e g u l a t i o n when t h e e x p l o i t a t i o n i s h i gh . For F = 0.5 t h e g a i n i n Y/R1 i s c a l c u l a t e d t o some 30% if the e f f e c t i v e 1, i s inc reased f rom 20 t o 27 cm i n t h e case o f l ow M ( F i g u r e 31, and even i n t he case o f t h e h i ghes t M-value ( F i g u r e 5 ) t h e g a i n i n y i e l d i s above 1 5 X . I n a d d i t i o n , t h i s r e g u l a t i o n i s expected t o i nc rease t h e spawning s tock by some 300%. ACFM has as a gu idL ine o f e x p l o i t a t i o n r a t e recomended t h a t h e r r i n g s tocks should p r e f e r a b l y be e x p l o i t e d a t F O , l . The e q u i l i b r i u m s t a t e o f s tock and y i e l d per r e c r u i t f o r t h i s r e f e r e n t p o i n t o f F a re summarized i n Table 3. The assessment shows t h a t i f t h i s s tock i s f i shed a t F O . l , t h e r e i s p r a c t i c a l l y n o t h i n g t o g a i n i n y i e l d and s tock per r e c r u i t by i n t r o d u c i n g a mintmum l a n d i n g s i z e above 20 cm i n Norwegian c o a s t a l wa te rs ( s o u t h o f 70 N ) , whereas some i nc rease i n y i e l d may be ob ta ined i n t h e Barents Sea p rov i ded t h a t t h e M-value on t he immatures i s below 0.35. Norway has introduced a 25 cm minimum landing size of herring fished 0 in her fishery none north of 62 north. Based on the present study it seems fair to conclude that this is a sufficient restriction on the small herring fishery in case the overall fishing mortality i s regulated to a reasonably low level. This fishery is regulated by catch quotas and the F is cept below Foa l . The propost minimum landing sine by ACFM of 27 cm is therefore regarded as overcautious. Anon. 1986. Atlanto-Scandian Herring and Cagelin Working Group Report, 29 October-1 November 1985. ICES C . M . 1986/Assess:7. Toresen, R . 1986. Length and age at maturity of Norwegian Spring-spawning herring for the year-classes 1959-61 and 1973-78. ICES C . M . 1986/H:42. Table 1. Input parameters of weight (gram) in catch and stock by component. Tabel 2. Input parameters of fishing pattern by component and minimum landing sizes. The figures denote relative Fs by age. C = coast 'component 8 = Barents Sea component Table 3. Yield and spawning stock per recruit estimates (gram) at F 0 . 1 Coastal comp. Barents Sea comp.


A synthesis of linear mathematical model diesel train with asynchronous traction drive based on dynamic object model linearization control of the means of geometric control theory. Based on the sequence of involutive transformations received linear mathematical model in the form of Brunovski. A comparison of processes in the source and received linear system, which confirms the correctness of transformations performed. Figs: 2. Refs: 10 titles.


Developing with computer and Internet technology, the Urban Bridge Management System (UBMS) designers mainly chose B/S architecture for the system. Because of the complexity of the B/S architecture, the analyses and design of the system before coding became very important. This paper discusses modeling by means of UML and the expanded mechanism of it, and uses object-Oriented technology to analyze, design, and realize the system.


Emergency work is a big challenge, which can produce stress and exhaustion personal suffering, diseases and, consequently, negative attitudes derived from common stress or Syndrome of Burnout. Targeting to analyze the factors that in the work of nurses the predisposes to the development of Syndrome of Burnout (SB), into the emergency units, this study is explorative with quantitative approach in two large hospital organizations in Salvador-BA, a public and a philanthropic, that caters to the private network. To collect data used an instrument divided into three parts: 1) variables for characterization of the sample; (2) Scale of Vulnerability to Stress at work (EVENT) for identification of vulnerability to stress and 3) Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to identify the risk situation for Burnout. Of the 60 nurses engaged in emergency units chosen, 68.3% participated in the study, between JulyAugust 2009. For the database, was employed the Microsoft Access version 2002. For analysis of the data was employed the software STATA version 8.0. Charts constructed were generated through Harvard Graphics version 98. Between informants, 90.2% are female, 63.4% are between 23-34 years old, young, 56.0% are unmarried, 63.9% no have child, 53.7% with less than 5 years of expertise and, 80.5% of them, post graduates. The nurses are unhappy, in first time, with situations concerning at the factor infrastructure and routine, which have higher level of vulnerability to stress; are unhappy, in first time, with situations concerning at the Pressure factors in the work, organizational climate and functioning, which have average level of vulnerability to stress. The result of MBI showed that 36.6% of nurses are suggestive of burnout, 56.1% at moderate risk, and only 7.3% in low risk to SB. The factors relating to climate and organizational functioning and to pressure at work are those that have correlation with the predisposition of nurses to situations suggestive to burnout. It follows from this study, which stress's factors work can getting nurses to Burnout. These information promotes the development of strategies for human resources management for emergency units, which can minimize the impact of stress's factors this environment on the team that it serves and thus promote prevention and intervention of burnout, consequently favoring the improvement of care to users of emergency care services, as well as improving the financial health of organizations and the health psycho-emotional of these workers. Descriptors: Emergency Nursing; Work; Burnout, Professional.


ATTACHMENTS plasmid map sequence.docx I am creating this protocol to deposit a plasmid sequence and map. The episome contains Cas9-2A-ShBle expression cassette and 2 sgRNA expression cassettes targeting the gene Phatr3_J24739.


The case study selected is under the scope of Information and Communication Technology, due to its current weight in energy consumption in urban areas and its growth potential. The technologies analyzed were a terminal system with thin clients compared with a system of desktop PC. The values of energy consumption of both systems were estimated as well as their cost in the energy bill, so it would be possible to perform an economic analysis to the two systems. With the data collected 3 scenarios were created: a scenario where the technology used is only desktop PC (scenario A); a scenario where the technology used is thin client with a server (scenario B) and a mixed scenario, identical to the Lisbon Energy Agency comprising a mixed system where a thin clients are used together with PC converted in client (scenario C). These scenarios were used to analyze the factors that should be taken into account by a company that acquires a new office and has to decide whether to implement a terminal system or a conventional desktop PC system.


We introduce the notions of centrality interference and centrality robustness, as measures of variation of
centrality values when the structure of a network is modified by removing or
adding individual nodes from/to a
network. Centrality analysis allows categorizing nodes according to their
topological relevance in a network. Thus, centrality interference analysis
allows understanding which parts of a network are mostly influenced by a
node and, conversely, centrality robustness allows
quantifying the functional dependency of a node from other nodes in the
network. We examine the theoretical significance of these measures and apply them to
classify nodes in a road network to predict the effects on the traffic jam
due to variations in the structure of the network.
In these case the interference analysis allows to predict which are the distinct regions of the
network affected by the function of different nodes.
Such notions, when applied to a variety of different contexts, opens new
perspectives in network analysis since they allow predicting the effects
of local network modifications on single node as well as global network
functionality.


We investigate "Jump Memory" using an extensive data base of short-term S&P 500 Index options. Jump memory refers to the attenuation of the jump intensity and magnitude parameters following a jump event. Behavioral and rational explanations for this phenomenon are posited. The pricing accuracy of the jump-diffusion model under parameter restrictions is also investigated. A restricted version of the model simplifies estimation, does not appear to degrade pricing accuracy, and permits clearer identification of components of jump memory. Further, a genetic algorithm is shown to be both robust and to produce parameter estimates that significantly improve pricing performance vis a' vis pricing performance when parameters are estimated by a gradient search technique.


This paper summarizes some findings from part of a National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) project to identify and quantify rates of state motor fuel tax evasion. The objective of the overall research project is to develop and demonstrate a methodology for identifying and quantifying state-level fuel tax evasion. The first phase was to determine methods of evasion and factors that might influence the magnitude of evasion. This paper provides a summary of the major findings from the first phase of the project. Issues were identified and a set of interviews were conducted to determine tax administrator and industry perspectives on some of the issues relating to the methods of fuel tax evasion at the state level and some of the state characteristics and actions that are likely to influence the amount of evasion. These findings will be used in developing the methodology to estimate fuel tax evasion at the state level.


During the past year, we have successfully added a computational model of shock-initiation-of-detonation that supplements our previously-developed fracture model for high-energy propellants. The resultant combined model allows computational simulations to be performed of cases where mechanically-produced fractures contribute to the initiation of detonation. In the model, when the stress is compressive, the initiation routine is operative; when the stress is tensile, the fracture routine is operative. The initiation routine contains a chemical reaction rate that is sensitive to the amount of fracture damage produced in the material, and therefore leads to enhanced reaction in previously fractured material during recompression. These two routines were tested by computationally simulating a proposed one-dimensional impact experiment in which a propellant is fractured and then recompressed. The results of this calculation indicated a reaction beginning in the damaged material at the time when the recompression started. As the recompression continues, the calculation predicts a rapid increase in pressure signifying a detonation. The model thus successfully describes fracture-enhanced reaction in a reasonable manner. We have also conducted preliminary studies of how to model the influence of gas from chemical reactions occurring during compression on crack growth and fragmentation.