EDICAL practice in a city may be M viewed as a system resulting from competition between physicians for the more desirable practices and the efforts of patients to obtain the best physicians available. If physicians were guided solely by the financial position of patients and if patients could select their physicians on the basis of their relative technical competence, then a simple economic system would result. Since patients are generally unable to judge practitioners in terms of technical competence, extraneous factors actually determine their choice.' Accordingly, the competitive position of a doctor is greatly influenced by his ability to fulfill expectations which are not medically relevant. This implies that the performance of the physician role-despite its high status, relatively specific function, and limitation to persons properly trained and legally sanctionedis greatly affected by the doctor's other status positions. In effect, this means that other statuses are factors which affect preferences. The importance of ethnic group membership as a factor in medical practice has been stressed in several studies.2 This paper considers the effect of ethnic origins of physicians on the practice of medicine. The spatial distribution and degree of specialization of Anglo-Saxon, Irish, Italian, Jewish, and Polish physicians in Chicago were studied. The study assumes that the patient is highly concerned with his choice of physician, but does not select him on purely medical grounds. As a consequence, certain nontechnical criteria are assumed to influence this choice.3


This paper describes the development and implementation of a self powered control system that autonomously adapts the resonant frequency of an electromagnetic vibration-based energy harvester. The tuning mechanism adjusts the harvester's spring stiffness by varying the axial tensile force between two permanent magnets. The system can adjust the resonant frequency of the harvester from 64 to 78Hz, increasing the operational bandwidth of the harvester from 0.26 to 14Hz, using a single structure. A closed loop control measures the ambient frequency using the phase difference between the harvester output voltage and an accelerometer to adjust the tuning mechanism. The system has a maximum energy consumption of 202mJ.


Although the Catholic Church has rarely throughout its long history taken stances on socio‐economic issues that might be characterized as socially progressive, its view of work has constituted a notable exception. Its early view not only granted work dignity, but also reinforced an attitude of the fundamental equality of all humans. Most recently, John Paul II's view of work constitutes one of the most progressive stances on socio‐economic questions ever taken by a pope. This essay describes and assesses the progressive character of Christianity's attitude toward work. To limit scope, and because the "Protestant work ethic" has been so extensively covered, the focus is on the Catholic tradition. The first section traces the evolution of this view within the context of other traditional views. A second section examines the special contribution of John Paul II. A final section provides a critical assessment of these views in terms of our contemporary self‐understanding.


The unsolved riddle with special reference to Dirk Jordaan's Die Jakkalssomer This article presents a psychoanalytic reading of Dirk Jordaan's Die Jakkalssomer with special reference to the unsolved riddle in the text. The article refers to the Oedipus myth, the riddle and Lacanian theory. It is concluded that the text refuses to be read as a popular or serious text in its reference to the violence in the old and new South Africa. It is a text defying all final definitions within the tradition of the thriller and detective story.


Abstract : Except in a few instances, since World War II no American soldier or sailor has been attacked by enemy air power. Conversely, no enemy soldier or sailor has acted in combat without being attacked or at least threatened by American air power. Aviators have brought the air weapon to bear against enemies while denying them the same prerogative. This is the legacy of the U.S. Air Force, purchased at great cost in both human and material resources. More often than not, aerial pioneers had to fight technological ignorance, bureaucratic opposition, public apathy, and disagreement over purpose. Every step in the evolution of air power led into new and untrodden territory, driven by humanitarian impulses; by the search for higher, faster, and farther flight; or by the conviction that the air way was the best way. Warriors have always coveted the high ground. If technology permitted them to reach it, men, women, and an Air Force held and exploited it -- from Thomas Selfridge, first among so many who gave that "last full measure of devotion"; to Women's Air Force Service Pilot Ann Baumgartner, who broke social barriers to become the first American woman to pilot a jet; to Benjamin Davis, who broke racial barriers to become the first African American to command a flying group; to Chuck Yeager, a one-time noncommissioned flight officer who was the first to exceed the speed of sound; to John Warden, who began a revolution in air power thought and strategy that was put to spectacular use in the Gulf War. This book provides a short history of military air power in the United States from the Civil War to the Persian Gulf War. Chapters are as follows: The Genesis of American Air Power; Trial and Error in World War I; Interwar Doctrine, Organization, and Technology; World War II -- Global Conflict; Air Power in the Nuclear Age; Limited War in Korea; The "New Look" Air Force; Flexible Response and Vietnam; The Cold War Concluded; Air Power Triumphant -- The Gulf War; and The Future7


diagnosis is mainly based on the typical radiological manifestations of the patient [1]. Bisphosphonates were given for 3 months. The pain of the patient's left leg was significantly less than before, and there was still swelling of the left lower limb and limited movement. After treatment with TNF inhibitor (adalimumab), the swelling of the left leg subsided significantly. The written consent of the patient has been obtained with regard to the use of information such as the patient's clinical disease for education or scientific research. This case is a rare manifestation of tibial involvement of SAPHO. Bisphosphonate sequential TNF inhibitor can be used to improve the condition of children.


We present the learning characteristics of personal dictionaries used for handy type pen-input interfaces. The personal dictionary grows by acquiring misrecognized input patterns whenever they are generated. Personal character pattern data is collected using a handy type tablet. The correct recognition rate of the data, which consists of 756 characters with 391 different characters, is improved from 79.9% to 96.2% for data used in learning, and from 78.0% to 95.4% for unlearnt data. On the contrary, the decrease of recognition rate by this learning is 0.1% –0.2%, which is negligible. The results show that the learning yields a handy type pen-input interface that is sufficient for practical use, moreover, this paper clarifies the learning characteristics against changesin writing condition, the number of objective categories, the number of registered patterns in the personal dictionary, and the formation process of the personal dictionary. Analysis and evaluation of the results gives useful instruction on the design of recognition systems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(4): 34–45, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1199


We propose the fabrication at submicron resolution of a patterned thin film of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum(III) (AlQ3) on a SiO/Si surface by modified microtransfer molding. The film is formed during the printing process. In this manner, it is possible to obtain a patterned homogeneous film with nanometer-size features by a single step, with no change to its adhesion and mechanical properties.


Recently, in the Indonesia economic crisis, banking became the first government priority since if was as a central point of economics. There are many policies to recover banking normally and reactivating the economic performances. The internal support of banking is needed to help government policy for banking recovery. To make it succeed, the company have to consider that human resource as the most important thing in a company. Human resource has competence to be developed, and the first step that have to be done is investment to the value, standard and behavior or firm belief to Increase the productivity. And this condition can be resulted through corporate culture. The objective of this research is to analyse the employees working productivity In the light of corporate culture. The problem from this research is corporate culture has not strong, because therre are different variance of culture strength and the low magnitude from corporate culture influenced toward work productivity. The purpose of this research is to analyze the culture strength, different variance due to inherited character, and the magnitude of corporate culture toward work productivity.


The present invention relates to a health state monitoring device and method related to a technology for determining a current health situation of a human body by measuring acceleration generated according to vital signs and human body movements. The present invention is a vital sign parameter measuring unit for measuring one or more parameters of blood pressure, pulse, body temperature and breathing; An acceleration measuring unit measuring acceleration generated according to the movement of the user; A health state determination unit which determines whether the health state of the user is normal by comparing the data acquired by the vital sign parameter measurement unit and the acceleration measurement unit with the stored data; And a communication unit which transmits a data signal indicating the occurrence of a health abnormality of the user and includes a device for indicating a location. According to the present invention, not only the indicators of blood pressure, pulse rate, body temperature, respiration, but also various variables such as acceleration generated by body movement and hand position at the time of blood pressure measurement are accurately recognized whether the user has an emergency situation. . In addition, since the discrimination of health conditions is made in real time, it is possible to immediately deal with an emergency situation in the user. Health condition, emergency situation, vital signs, blood pressure, pulse rate, acceleration, 3-axis acceleration sensor, piezoelectric sensor, accessories


Two VIIRS sensors onboard the SNPP and NOAA20 satellites have been successfully operating for over 10 and 4 years, respectively, providing the worldwide user community with high-quality imagery and radiometric measurements of the land, atmosphere, cryosphere, and oceans. This study provides a temporal radiometric stability and calibration consistency assessment of the SNPP and NOAA20 VIIRS reflective solar bands using the latest NASA SIPS C2 L1B products. Several independent vicarious approaches are used to examine the stability of SNPP VIIRS and consistency of the at-sensor reflectance between the two VIIRS instruments. These approaches include observations from simultaneous nadir overpasses, the Libya-4 desert and Dome C snow/ice sites, and deep convective clouds. The impact of existing band spectral differences on the reflectance measurements is accounted for utilizing scene-specific hyperspectral observations provided by the SCIAMACHY sensor onboard the ENVISAT platform. Results indicate that both SNPP and NOAA20 VIIRS reflectances are stable within 1% over their mission periods for all bands, except for a few bands in the visible range from SNPP VIIRS that show more upward drifts at high radiances. NOAA20 VIIRS reflectances are systematically lower than SNPP by 2 to 4% for most bands, with the exception of few short wavelength bands where it is seen to be up to 7%.


Cationic polymerization of cyclohexyl vinyl ether (CHVE) within mesoporous, siliceous molecular sieves (MCM-41) yields novel MCM-41-polyCHVE host-guest hybrid materials. Initiation within the channel can be achieved by triphenylmethylium or bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methylium silanolate ion pairs, as well as by mobile acidic silanols to a certain extent. Generation of the carbenium ions on MCM-41 is investigated by a special UV/VIS technique. The structure of poly(vinyl ether) generated within the channels of MCM-41 depends on the mechanism of initiation as shown by means of solid state 13C{1H} and 29Si{1H} CP MAS NMR spectroscopy.


Independent financial advisers play a vital role in assisting clients to meet their financial goals. However, it appears that additional guidance is needed for these advisers to survive in their complex business environment, governed by strict legislation. To date, only a small amount of research has been conducted in this area and no formal research study in South Africa has provided a course of direction for these advisers. Consequently, this study aimed to expand the body of knowledge by investigating the potential problems posing a threat to the businesses of independent financial advisers in their business life cycle, as well as possible strategies that can be implemented to counter those obstacles. Based on the findings a theoretical framework was proposed, suggesting key areas independent financial advisers would need to focus on in their business life cycle to conquer the challenges they might encounter and survive. The study concluded with a number of hypotheses to set the direction for future empirical research regarding the survival and growth of independent financial advisers in South Africa.


A category consists of arrows and objects. We may define a language L B {dom, cod, (cid:14) }. Then a category is a partial algebra of the language L . Hence a functor is a homomorphism of partial algebras. And a natural transformation of functors is a natural transformation of homomorphisms. And we may define a limit of a homomorphism like a limit of functor. Then a limit of a homomorphism forms a homomorphism of partial algebras.


This paper presents the design of an UWB SiGe BiCMOS mixer block for direct-conversion type transceiver architectures which optimized for WLAN applications at a frequency of 5 GHz using 0.35 mum SiGe BiCMOS technology. High gain, low noise figure (NF) and low power dissipation are the main considerations for optimizations. The simulations are performed using Cadencereg SpectreRF environment. The simulation results show a gain of 11 dB, Noise Figure of 5 dB and 1-dB compression point of -14 dBm. The circuit consumes only 15 mW under 2.5 V supply voltage


Synchronisation of a mutually coupled external cavity chaotic diode laser and a solitary laser collapses and revives depending on the optical phase of the external cavity diode laser.


When Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty was reigning, the conservatory for collecting and composing folk songs had more functions than offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors in the ancestral temple of the ruling house, which included collecting folk songs, ballads and making calendars. The diversity in collecting channels was influenced by court academicians' belief in practical knowledge and preference in examining administrative success and failure through a survey of customs and situation of people .The collected folk songs and ballads, after rulers' alteration, inherited the tradition of moralizing through political preaching in the Book of Songs.


This dissertation had as objective to analyse the maternal speech present on the book "Mae me ensina a conversar: vencendo o autismo com amor", of Dalva Tabachi, relating it to authorship and Jouissance concepts. Fragments of the book were used for this purpose, then, based on the mother's speech, be able to operate the gestures of analisys. The analisys were based on the Michel Foucault's discursive theories and the French Speech Analysis, as well as, the psychoanalisys of Freud and Lacan. On the research, it is possible to identify marks that make part of a Maternal Discourse before the possibility of diagnosis of an autistic son. From these marks, a mother was identified who writes a book while authorizing herself, even if in a precariously way, in the maternal function. A mother who, based on the book's discourse, poses as a "super mother", at the same time that does not give enough conditions for the subject to be able to be constituted.


The conditioning and dewatering behaviors of chemical and waste activated sludges from a tannery were studied. Capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF), and bound water content were used to evaluate the sludge dewatering behaviors. Zeta potentials were also measured. Experiments were conducted on each sludge conditioned and dewatered separately, and on the sludge mixed at various ratios. Results indicate that the chemical sludge was relatively difficult to be dewatered, even in the presence of polyelectrolyte. When the waste activated sludge was mixed with the chemical sludge at ratios of 1 : 1 and 2 : 1, respectively, the dewaterability of chemical sludge improved remarkably while the relatively better dewaterability of the waste activated sludge deteriorated only to a limited extent. As the mixing ratios became 4 : 1 and 8 : 1, the dewaterability of the mixed sludge was equal to that of the waste activated sludge. The optimal polyelectrolyte dosage for the mixed sludge was equal to or less than that of the waste activated sludge. It is proposed that the chemical sludges act as skeleton builders that reduce the compressibility of the mixed sludge whose dewaterability is enhanced. Bound water contents of sludge decreased at low polyelectrolyte dosage and were not significantly affected as polyelectrolyte dosage increased. Advantages and disadvantages of co-conditioning and dewatering chemical sludge and waste activated sludge were discussed. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Key words}bound water, capillary suction time (CST), conditioning, dewatering, polyelectrolyte, sludge, specific resistance to filtration (SRF), tannery


Evolutionay multiobjective optimization (EMO) methodologies have gained popularity in finding well-distributed trade-off solutions approximating to the pareto-optimal front (PF) in the past decades. In preference-based multiobjective optimization, the decision maker (DM) only be interested in a partial region, called ROI. The DM can integrate preference information into optimization to guide the search for ROI and accelerate the convergence of the population. In this paper, we propose a decomposition-based interactive evolutionary algorithm for preference-based multiobjective optimization problems (MOEA/D-WVA). Differ from most existing decomposition-based algorithms, MOEA/D-WVA guides the population to converge to the ROI by transforming the originally evenly distributed reference vectors into a biased distribution. In addition, we propose an interactive preference model in this paper by which the DM can specifies preference information progressively during the search process. The proposed algorithm is compared with three state-of-the-art preference-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithms on a variety of benchmark problems. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm for approximating the preferred solutions in the ROI.


The human retina is a complex, layered tissue responsible for the perception of the visual stimuli coming from the external environment. Since the visual inputs account for about 30% of our sensory stimulations, it is not surprising that partial or complete blindness results in a strong decrease of life quality. Several diseases affect the retina, often leading to degeneration of one or several cell types. The damage induced by these diseases is often irreversible, thus leading to a permanent loss of the visual ability. Over the last decades significant progress has been made to elucidate the molecular basis of retinal degenerative diseases. This knowledge is necessary in order to design valid approaches for the treatment of retinopathies. However, the extreme genetic heterogeneity of these diseases, combined with the complex molecular nature of the underlying degenerative processes, has hampered the design of definitive therapies. Indeed, pharmacological treatments are only partially effective and tend to treat the effect of the disease, not the underlying cause. Furthermore, despite the recent technical advances, drug delivery into the retina may reveal challenging (reviewed in Yasukawa et al., 2011). On the other hand, gene therapy reveals as a promising alternative approach for inherited retinopathies. However, although significant progress has been achieved in treating recessive forms of retinopathies, dominant or multi-factorial forms are more difficult to treat, revealing the current limits of gene-based therapies (Farrar et al., 2010). Thus, other strategies are needed to treat these diseases. One interesting approach, which will not be covered in this review, is the stem cell-based therapy, where stem cells can be differentiated in vitro and then transplanted to replace dead cells (for a review see Bull and Martin, 2011; Dahlmann-Noor et al., 2010; Locker et al., 2010). Another promising strategy is to promote the regeneration in vivo of the tissues (or organs) affected by the disease. Although the field of regenerative medicine is relatively young, the continuous findings on the mechanisms regulating regeneration in model organisms is improving our knowledge on the regenerative phenomena, and in some cases this information can be used to induce or increase regeneration in particular contexts (reviewed in Stoick-Cooper et al., 2007). In the first part of this review, we will introduce some of the most common retina degenerative diseases that affect people worldwide, namely retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), providing the reader with a general description of these retinopathies. In the second part, we will discuss some of the animal models used


URING the 1970s, literally dozens of interest groups began to assemble and publish ratings of U.S. senators and congressmen.1 The express purpose of these evaluations is to assess a legislator's roll-call voting behavior against either a broad ideological standard or a narrow set of interests most salient to the rating organization. Presumably, this exercise allows one to determine the extent to which a representative or senator is liberal, conservative, pro-labor, pro-business, pro-family, moral, etc. Naturally, the rating organizations promulgate their scales to reward their friends and punish their opponents in Congress. From a putatively more dispassionate perspective, political scientists also have employed some of these measures as independent and dependent variables in their research. In either case, an index arguably says something about the behavior of the congressmen and senators. In this paper, however, the primary objective is to evaluate the ratings of what is perhaps the most experienced rating organization, namely the Americans for Democratic Action (ADA). Even though some studies have examined composite indices, none has assessed the overall measure on the basis of the separate roll call which constitute the rating. In the present research, the key roll-call votes selected by the ADA for inclusion in its Liberalism Quotient (LQ) will be analyzed in order to determine if they form a reliable and valid measure of liberalism.


A compact broadband directional coupler hasbeendeveloped using novel nonuniform-coupled transmission lines withuniform endsections. Byusing these coupled lines, boththecoupled line spacing andthecoupled line length canbereduced. A 50%size reduction andabroadband performance areachieved inthefabricated coupler.


The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction foundation drilling tool application and particularly discloses a large-torque rotary jetting stirring pile construction device. The large-torque rotary jetting stirring pile construction device comprises an automatic walking type trolley, a power electricity distribution operation chamber, a three-door-head sliding wheel, a main winch, a derrick, a rack supporting rod, a horizontal head sliding piece arranged on the derrick, a power transmission box body connected with the horizontal head sliding piece, a drill pipe connected with the power transmission box body, a faucet guniting structure arranged on the drill pipe, an inner pipe arranged in the drill pipe, rotary knife rows evenly arranged on the drill pipe, an alloy drill bit arranged on the end portion of the drill pipe, and a control assembly arranged in the power electricity distribution operation chamber, wherein the power electricity distribution operation chamber, the three-door-head sliding wheel, the main winch and the derrick are arranged on the automatic walking type trolley; and the two ends of the rack supporting frame are both connected with the derrick. The large-torque rotary jetting stirring pile construction device is wide in pile distribution interval, high in work efficiency, easy to operate, mature in process and wide in application range; and meanwhile, raw materials are saved, the production cost is reduced, and the purpose of remote intelligent construction operation can be achieved through the control assembly.


To meet the need of protein feed and fine more efficient ways of returning waste to resources, we have carried out the study of the production of yeast for foods and feeds from the corn starch cake. The present study includes the method for acid-hydrolysis, the selection of yeast capable of utilizing hydrolyzate of the corn starch cake, and culture condition of Candida tropicalis under the liquid culture and the semisolid culture. Obtained results were as follows. 1. Hydrochloric acid was more excellent on the hydrolysis of the corn starch cake than sulfuric acid, and the yield of sugar was maximum, 57.2%, when the corn starch cake was hydrolyzed with 1.0% of hydrochloric acid at 2.0kg/cm for 30 minutes. 2. As the acid solution content was increased, more sugar was liberatedfrom the mixture, until the acid solution-substrate ratio reached 10:1. Beyond this point, no further increase was observed. To prepare the cultural medium of semisolid fermentation, a acid solution to substrate ratio of 3:1 appeared to be optimum. 3. Out of 6 yeast strains, Candida tropicalis had excellent growth on the hydrolyzate of the corn starch cake, and optimum temperature and initial pH were and 6.0 respectively. 4. Optimum liquid medium of Candida tropicalis is ures 0.3%, potassium phosphate monobasic 0.15g and magnesium sulfate 0.04g in 100ml of the hydrolyzate of the corn starch cake, while optimum semisolid medium is ammonium chloride 0.4g, potassium phosphate monobasic 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.04%. 5. Candida tropicalis could assimilate the sugar in the hydrolyzate up to more than 88.75%, and a yield of dry yeast reached 19.13% to the corn starch cake under the liquid culture. 6. Compared to the that of the untreated corn starch cake, the cellulose content of the semisolid fermented cake decreased by 3.76% to 14.7%, whereas dry yeast contents increased by 13.89%.


The fragmentation and individualisation that pervaded the evolutionary process of society in the course of the past century have led to a reality which appears enormously discontinuous and complex today. As in the case of many other contemporary aspects of society, it has been debated whether or not the family, too, has been facing a crisis period in the institution itself. The present study has therefore chosen to conduct research from the point of view of a group of university students so as to link up the different theoretical concepts to everyday experience. The purpose of the study was, in particular, to cause the sense models pertaining to the family sphere in today's society to emerge, so as to understand how and in what way this concept has been transformed and the future prospects according to which it may be conceived and, consequently, must be studied. What results from the findings confirms the importance of this institution despite the fact that it has been wholly redefined: the rights of individuals emerge, along with new modalities of being and becoming families and parents. At the same time, however, the findings reveal the difficulty individuals encounter in defining their identities in a context in which more "traditional" elements coexist with "modern" ones, in an ambiguous connexion that impedes a clear outlook for the future.


Among all the climate-protecting policies,the carbon tax policy is considered as the most effective way to reduce carbon emissions.In the current economic analysis,we formulate the carbon tax policy mainly according to the efficiency maximization objective.We establish the carbon tax system in order to reduce carbon emissions,to promote the optimization of the distribution of resources,and to realize the "double dividend" effect.However,because of the difficulties existing in information and administration as well as the limitation of the objective to increase tax revenue,we can't realize the efficiency maximization objective when we formulate the carbon tax policy.Especially under our current tax system,we must take into account economic efficiency,social justice,tax revenue and taxcollecting cost.This paper suggests that we should coordinate the conflict between the efficiency encouragement of carbon tax policy and the financing,avoid the decreasing of the carbon tax policy,cut down the tax-collecting cost and the tax-complying cost to realize the suboptimum of carbon tax reform.


This white paper provides a comprehensive review of our present understanding of experimental neutrino anomalies that remain unresolved, charting the progress achieved over the last decade at the experimental and phenomenological level, and sets the stage for future programmatic prospects in addressing those anomalies. It is purposed to serve as a guiding and motivational"encyclopedic"reference, with emphasis on needs and options for future exploration that may lead to the ultimate resolution of the anomalies. We see the main experimental, analysis, and theory-driven thrusts that will be essential to achieving this goal being: 1) Cover all anomaly sectors -- given the unresolved nature of all four canonical anomalies, it is imperative to support all pillars of a diverse experimental portfolio, source, reactor, decay-at-rest, decay-in-flight, and other methods/sources, to provide complementary probes of and increased precision for new physics explanations; 2) Pursue diverse signatures -- it is imperative that experiments make design and analysis choices that maximize sensitivity to as broad an array of these potential new physics signatures as possible; 3) Deepen theoretical engagement -- priority in the theory community should be placed on development of standard and beyond standard models relevant to all four short-baseline anomalies and the development of tools for efficient tests of these models with existing and future experimental datasets; 4) Openly share data -- Fluid communication between the experimental and theory communities will be required, which implies that both experimental data releases and theoretical calculations should be publicly available; and 5) Apply robust analysis techniques -- Appropriate statistical treatment is crucial to assess the compatibility of data sets within the context of any given model.


Gamma irradiation is one of the physical mutagens that are widely used for induced mutations, food sterilization and medicinal healing. In the present study, irradiation techniques were applied to investigate the effect of gamma irradiation on seed germination, meiotic behavior and pollen fertility of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The seeds of Solanum lycopersicum (var. Bharat ratan -221) were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kR). Results showed that seed germination and pollen fertility in M1 generation reduced steadily with the increasing doses of gamma rays. During the study, increases in meiotic abnormalities with increasing doses were noticed in mutagenic population of gamma rays in M1 generation. The most common chromosome abnormalities observed include univalents, multivalents, bridges, laggards, fragments, micronuclei and disturbed polarity, etc.


Introduction I feel honoured to have been chosen as a respondent to Sylvia Hutchinson for this year's Foulkes Weekend Study Day. Not only do I stand here as a long standing member of the Group Analytic Society, but also as German chair to this year's Berlin Symposium, co-chaired with Gerda Winther (Copenhagen). Sylvia Hutchinson spoke about: 'The Times they are A-Changing: Evolving Group Analytic Identity', and 'Crossing Borders', the title of our symposium, appears to have been a discussion topic for GASI, not only since yesterday. Sylvia Hutchinson presented to us around this topic. When first listening, I felt very much like many others out there in the world when confronted with processes of globalization, the Internet, consequences of mass migration. I was overwhelmed by the sheer number of impressions, arguments, new and unfamiliar images. Two things were of great help to me: Firstly, a few weeks ago, I read Sylvia's work Changing Patterns of Relating: Implications for Group Analysis which she had presented at the previous Berlin congress of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für 739232 GAQ0010.1177/0533316417739232Group AnalysisHusemann: Response to 41st Foulkes Lecture research-article2017


Preface Into the Channeling Zone Linking Up Channeled Theology Mastering Self-Expansion Toward Sacred Androgyny Dreaming of Community Spiritual Commerce Being Multiple Notes Bibliography Index


Macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking is considered a potentially practical approach for ocean-based carbon dioxide removal. However, several considerations need to be resolved to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of this approach. Currently, several studies focus on the area required for climate-relevant carbon sequestration through macroalgae cultivation and sinking without considering realistic, global spatial limitations. This study uses a spatially-explicit suitability assessment model for optimised open-ocean afforestation and sinking site designation. By applying specific maritime, ecological and industrial constraints, two maps are produced: a) suitable areas for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking, and b) suitable areas for macroalgae sinking only (for sequestration purposes). These data provide a more realistic approach to quantifying the ocean surface (including the corresponding depths) required for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking within a spatially sustainable framework. The resulting maps estimate the respective suitability areas within the EEZs of the world countries. A total area suitable for macroalgae offshore cultivation and sinking is calculated at 10.8M km 2, whereas sinking-only areas account for 32.8M km 2 of the offshore ocean. The implications of spatial suitability patterns at global and national levels are discussed. We suggest that the concept of 'g row nearshore, sink offshore' should be explored as an alternative to offshore cultivation.


Purpose – Information systems (IS) research in developing countries (DCs) has attracted increasing attention over recent years. Nevertheless, empirical studies in these countries in general, and particularly those drawing on the cultural values influencing project team success (PTS), are still far from satisfactory. Hence, scholars strongly recommend this specific area as prime research territory to improve the successful development and implementation of IS initiatives in DCs. The purpose of this paper is to provide better insights and an improved understanding about the cultural values influencing PTS.Design/methodology/approach – In order to investigate the cultural values which may affect PTS, data were collected from project experts working on business process reengineering and information technology projects in ten public and private organizations in the service sector in Ethiopia (n=200 questionnaires). A multivariate model was employed to identify the most important cultural values.Findings – The ...


In this paper, the fracture toughness KIc of near-nano and nanostructured WC-Co cemented carbides by Vickers indentation fracture toughness (VIF) was investigated. The aim was to research the type of cracking occurring in near-nano and nano-grained WC-Co cemented carbides with respect to the Co content and, consequently, to evaluate the appropriateness of different models for the fracture toughness calculation. The mixtures with different binder content—4, 6, and 9 wt. % Co—were consolidated by sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. Vickers indentation using a test force of 294 N was used for the determination of fracture toughness. The type of crack that occurred as a consequence of the applied load on the corners of the Vickers indentations was analysed with optical microscopy before and after repolishing the samples. Different crack models, Palmqvist and radial-median, were applied for the calculation of KIc. Instrumented indentation testing was used to determine the modulus of elasticity of the consolidated samples. From the research it was found that near-nano and nanostructured cemented carbides with 9 and 6 wt. % Co do not exhibit median cracking and the indenter cracks remain radial in nature, while near-nano and nanostructured cemented carbides with 4 wt. % Co exhibit both radial and median cracking. Accordingly, it was concluded that the critical amount of the binder phase in near-nano and nanostructured WC-Co at which the crack changes its geometry from Palmqvist to radial-median is around 4 wt. % Co. Comparing different models it was found that KIc values are not consistent and differ for each method used. Models from Exner crack resistance for the Palmqvist crack showed good agreement. Radial-median crack models showed significant KIc deviations for the same testing conditions for all samples.


Chemical flooding technique is the dominating EOR technique in China. Polymer flooding has entered into industrialized applications and has been applied on a large scale in Daqing sandstone reservoir. Now polymer flooding is expanding to other reservoirs such as conglomerate reservoir, complex fault block reservoir and high temperature and high salinity reservoir. The good EOR effect achieved by polymer flooding is closely related to the key innovation technologies.
 Recent progress of field tests and application of polymer flooding enhanced recovery (EOR) in China was summarized in this paper. Key technical innovations and field application effects was introduced. The challenges faced and the development direction of polymer flooding technology was discussed.
 Polymer flooding has been applied in Daqing Oilfield from medium-high permeability reservoirs (type I reservoirs) to medium-low permeability reservoirs (type II reservoirs) with poor petrophysical properties. In addition, polymer flooding solution was prepared by dilution of produced water instead of fresh water. 13% incremental oil recovery in average has been obtained. Polymer flooding has expand apply to conglomerate reservoir in Xinjiang Oilfield, complex fault block reservoir in Dagang Oilfield and high temperature and high salinity reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield, the application results was also successful by solving bottleneck technical problems. A series of technologies have been developed for industrialization application of polymer flooding during tests and application. The key innovations are: polymer product evaluation and molecular weight optimization techniques; development of numerical simulation software and optimization of field test scheme; high efficient injection equipment and process; profile modification during polymer flooding; separated layer injection technique; separated molecular weight and pressure injection technology; anti-eccentric wear lifting technology; fracturing and injection technology; dynamic tracking and adjustment technology; produced liquid treatment technology. These innovative techniques ensure good results of polymer flooding in field applications. The key points and practical application of these technologies are illustrated with examples.
 Polymer flooding is the leading EOR technology for medium and high permeability reservoirs. Polymer flooding has been applied on a large scale and is being extended to more complex reservoirs. Facing new technical challenges, it is necessary to continuously strengthen the research and development of new functional polymers, research of reservoir adaptability and continuously technological innovation of supporting technology for different types of reservoir application.


Abstract We study local singularities of ruled surfaces in 3. We show that any map germ f : (2, 0) → (3, 0) with a simple singularity is -equivalent to a ruled surface. Moreover, we give a topological classification of -finitely determined singularities of ruled surfaces and show that there are just eleven topological classes.


Cancer was recognised as a disease many centuries ago, being mentioned by the ancient Egyptians in 1500 bc. Much later, Hippocrates used the Greek words to describe a crab, carcinos and carcinoma, to describe tumours. The Greek word 'karkinoma', meaning a crab, was used because of the likeness of blood vessels extending out of a tumour to a crab's body and legs. It is known from early Egyptian papyrus that attempts were made to burn or cauterise tumours but that this was always to no avail. Much has changed since ancient times. Cancer is now part of everyday vocabulary around the world, and although cancer remains the leading cause of death, much has changed with respect to its diagnosis and treatment. Today, it is recognised that about one-third of all cancers are preventable, and improvements in detection and treatment have meant that many people survive the cancer and treatment. Survival rates around the World, however, vary greatly (Coleman et al., 2008). Most of the wide global range in cancer survival is attributable to differences in access to diagnostic and treatment services.


The suggestion that the superconductivity transition temperature T/sub c/, of Nb/sub 3/Al/sub 0.8/Ge/sub 0.2/, as deduced from tunneling experiments, is saturated with respect to the variation of the phonon frequencies is examined. The suggestion is shown to contradict the pressure dependence of T/sub c/. It is further pointed out that both Nb/sub 3/Sn and the above compound fall rather far from a saturation of T/sub c/ with respect to the phonon frequencies. 21 references.


unaware of Bonpland's paper, republished the species in 1823, based on the same collections, but under Monnina. The epithets were partly those used by Bonpland, partly his own. This paper reviews the resulting nomenclatural chaos. Typification of the names involved is discussed, and lectotypes are designated when appropriate. Six traditionally accepted specific names will change unless conservation, proposed elsewhere, is granted.


1 ABSTRACT Cross-border integration was and still is one key a spects of the EU. It is the focus of this study to sh w the efforts of a German-French border-region for a bett er integration and its use of geoweb based services by planners. One of the first projects in their new co nstitution was to develop a common, cross-border management for the commercial zones. The idea was, to create a technical platform like a portal that c ontains a coherent raw-dataset with centrally managed geoda ta and decentralized managed metadata. The homogenising data (same projection mode and the met hod of collection) is displayed on an "Administrati onPortal". This is only accessible for the communitie s and they are in force to insert their own data. T he strong focus on self-administration should aim for a bette r acceptance of such a portal and especially the wa y of working and collaborating. Hence, there will be not a typical top-down-oriented result because every member will be in charge of the quality of their ow n data and will feel responsible for it. In additio n to that, a "Viewer-Portal" with possibility for data-request i s developed to inform the population and investors and in a marketing purpose. Management of the commercial zon es could be a first step to a more complex portal w ith all kind of different data that could be used by pl anners to develop new stategies for up to now unkow problems.


Castration resistance creates a significant problem in the treatment of prostate cancer. Constitutively active splice variants of androgen receptor (AR) have emerged as drivers for resistance to androgen deprivation therapy, including the next‐generation androgen‐AR axis inhibitors abiraterone and enzalutamide. In this study, we describe the characteristics of a novel castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) model, designated JDCaP‐hr (hormone refractory).


Automatic generation of natural language descriptions for images has recently become an important research topic. In this paper, we propose a frame-based algorithm for generating a composite natural language description for a given image. The goal of this algorithm is to describe not only the objects appearing in the image but also the main activities happening in the image and the objects participating in those activities. The algorithm builds upon a pre-trained CRF (Conditional Random Field)-based structured prediction model, which generates a set of alternative frames for a given image. We use imSitu, a situation recognition dataset with 126,102 images, 504 activities, 11,538 objects, and 1,788 roles, as a test bed of our algorithm. We ask human evaluators to evaluate the quality of the descriptions for 20 images from the imSitu dataset. The results demonstrate that our composite description contains on average 16% more visual elements than the baseline method and gains a significantly higher accuracy score by the human evaluators.


A MERICA'S tremendous iron and steel industry is by no means centralized, for great plants are distributed in many districts throughout the Middle West, East, and South. In the latter region, the Birmingham District' stands supreme, for it enjoys the following unique advantages: (1) it literally sits astride of extensive deposits of coking coal, iron ore, and fluxing dolomite and limestone; (2) it has the cheapest labor supply in the United States; (3) it enjoys excellent transportation facilities, including a canalized waterway to the Gulf of Mexico, which offers freight rates via barge at 80 per cent of those by rail; (4) it has as its market approximately one-third of the country, both in area and in population; and (5) it makes the cheapest iron and steel in the United States.


With the intent of preparing a report on the title subject NCRP committee members have evaluated all of the significant sources of radiation exposure to the US population, both workers and public, and including trends in time, size of the group affected, range of the exposures to individuals, and total collective exposure. Options for reducing exposure, both of a managerial and technical natural have been examined for potential application to the different sources and situations of exposure. Two sources of exposure have been determined to have potential for dose reduction initiatives. These are diagnostic medical radiation and radioactivity in homes and buildings resulting from natural background and technologically enhanced radiation. In the latter case, costs of such reduction can be reasonably well documented. The control strategy could be establishment of building codes and education of builders and architects. In the case of diagnostic medical radiation, lack of good and complete data on efficacy make it difficult to recommend which exposures should be eliminated. The control option is decisions by physicians not to use unnecessary diagnostic radiology and there is an actual cost savings associated with such decisions.


TNF‐α polymorphisms have been shown to modify the association between polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and circulating HDL‐cholesterol. The objective of this study was to determine whether a common polymorphism in nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB), which regulates TNF‐α gene expression, also modifies the association between dietary PUFA and HDL‐cholesterol in two different populations. Participants were older individuals with mild type 2 diabetes (population 1, n=105) and diabetes‐free young adults (population 2, n=593). Dietary PUFA intake was divided according to the median intake and assessed using a 3‐day food record (population 1) and a food frequency questionnaire (population 2). Genotyping was performed by real‐time PCR for the NF‐κB ‐49Ins/Del ATTG polymorphism. The NF‐κB polymorphism was found to modify the association between dietary PUFA intake and HDL‐cholesterol in both populations (pop. 1: p=0.04; and pop. 2: p=0.003 for interactions). Among subjects with the Ins/Ins genotype, high compared to low PUFA intake was associated with higher mean HDL‐cholesterol in both populations (pop. 1: 12.5% p=0.07; and pop. 2: 9.7% p=0.03), but with lower HDL‐cholesterol among those with the Del/Del genotype (pop. 1: −16.3% p=0.07; and pop. 2: −13.7% p=0.006). No difference was observed among those with the Ins/Del genotype (pop. 1: p=0.83; and pop. 2: p=0.70). Thus, genetic variations affecting inflammation may explain some of the inconsistencies between studies relating PUFA intake and reverse cholesterol transport.


I am glad to have the opportunity to provide a reply to the letter by some of the founding fathers of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) system [1], which is indispensable in the daily lives of millions of patients on oral anticoagulant therapy. In my previous paper [2] I presented some shortcomings of the current WHO calibration model for INR. I am worried that the use of a faulty calibration model since 1983 may have invalidated the recommended therapeutic ranges, since these are based on previous clinical studies with INR values obtained using prothrombin time (PT) systems derived from older International Reference Preparations (IRPs). Furthermore, the overestimated precision of INR measurements may adversely influence the anticoagulant medication in daily clinical practice. In their comment onmy paper, van denBesselaar, Poller and Tripodi ( BPT ) present several arguments against the modifications of the INR calibration model suggested by me [1]. Firstly, they claim that other factors are likely to influence INR reliability far more than faults with the established statistical method. They do not, however, provide any quantitative information on this. It should be realized that my article primarily pertains to the calibration of primary and secondary reference preparations (RPs) which form the backbone of the INR system. The apparently small systematic overprediction of International Sensitivity Index (ISI) in one calibration (5% in the example in my paper) grows with each new generation of RP. In the case of 5% overprediction for each pair of RPs, the overprediction will amount to 10% for a third generation RP, 16% for a fourth generation RP, 22% for a fifth generation RP, and so on. Thus, both systematic and random errors originating from a faulty calibrationmodel will accumulate and eventually reach clinically important magnitudes. The remaining arguments of BPT fall in five main groups, which I will address below. 1. The interpretation of INR


The development of civil engineering in Poland over 1000 years was discussed. Particular attention was paid to outstanding innovative constructions created after World War II. Innovative buildings, halls, stadiums, masts, high-rises and bridges were presented. It was in Poland where the first welded steel road bridge in Europe and the highest mast in the world were built. Europe's largest extradosed and innovative arched and composite bridges have been built recently.


Mitogen-regulated protein (MRP) is secreted by certain immortal murine cell lines (Swiss 3T3, BNL) stimulated with serum or particular growth factors. We have identified a cDNA clone that encodes part of the protein and have confirmed that MRP is closely related to, if not identical to, the prolactin-related protein designated proliferin. MRP is not produced by primary mouse embryo fibroblasts to nearly the same extent as it is produced by many immortal or transformed lines. Control of expression of this protein by growth factors is achieved both by regulating the extent of transcription and by regulating the processing of the protein.


With the increasing popularity of CAM and dietary supplements among patients in recent years, there has been a corresponding movement to incorporate these therapies into mainstream medicine.1 These efforts are now influencing both the public and private sectors to invest more deeply and broadly in the practice of integrative medicine.1 However, despite this increasing trend, information about policies and practices regarding the use of dietary supplements in health care facilities is lacking.2 Evidence that does exist shows that such policies within medical facilities are either inconsistent or nonexistent and sometimes don't comply with accreditation recommendations.3–5 With the growing patient interest in CAM and dietary supplements, health care facilities should establish consistent, reasonable, and enforceable policies regarding their use.6 If these products are not included on the health care institution's formulary, a carefully considered policy regarding patients' home supply of dietary supplements should be established.


In June, ExxonMobil's CEO announced at an investor conference that the oil giant is experimenting with "very promising new technologies" poised to substantially enhance its recovery rates in the Permian Basin.
 Darren Woods was light on specifics. Nonetheless, ears perk up when the head of the largest oil producer in the US suggests that it's making progress on its goal to double the oft-cited and oft-derided 10% recovery factor of shale resource plays.
 What Woods clued the outside world into is ExxonMobil's optimism around drilling extra-long horizontal wells (17,500-ft laterals vs. the more-typical 10,000 ft) and the work that engineers are doing to make sure such wells can be effectively propped. Both count as compelling kernels to chew on.
 But the CEO alluded to another area of notable progress when he said, "There are very few companies or organizations out there that could tell you exactly how fracs propagate and what that looks like underground—our view is that's just a hard science project problem to solve."
 A couple of weeks later, the largest oil and gas producer in the US shared a much more in-depth assessment of that science problem at a different industry gathering—this time the Unconventional Resources Technology Conference (URTeC).
 In URTeC 3860704, two dozen authors from ExxonMobil describe a four-well test used to steer decision making in the Midland Basin side of the Permian where it is among those drilling massive multiwell projects known as cube developments.
 The experiment raised enough red flags for ExxonMobil to rethink its plans for a tight-well design. Multiple sources of data showed the wells were too close, their fracture networks in too much communication.
 "These results suggest the pilot location was overcapitalized and that future developments should be drilled at fewer wells per section," the authors concluded.
 Those are not words that an oil company generally likes to hear. However, the point is that ExxonMobil learned of a poor outcome on a small scale which ostensibly preempted further financial pitfalls at the location.
 Cautionary tales such as Concho Resource's 23-well "Dominator Project" in 2019 have demonstrated to all tight-rock producers—and particularly Permian cube developers—the consequences of insufficient subsurface analysis.
 In the words of ExxonMobil's engineers and other specialists, "This integrated project clearly established the value of running diagnostic pilots and collecting high-resolution data before, during, and after completions to quantify the size and shape of the fractures created and propped extent of the stimulated rock."
 ExxonMobil's latest study is one of several published this year to suggest that while the work is far from complete, significant leverage is being gained over the parent-child phenomenon.
 Another big operator known for keeping a close eye on fracture propagation announced it has developed a tandem of new models to help improve parent-child relationships in the Eagle Ford Shale of south Texas.


Changes in precipitation and temperature have direct effects on crop water use, water stress, crop yield, evapotranspiration, water nutrient dynamics and other indicators. This study, built on a modelling framework with the Soil and Watershed Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for the Raccoon River Watershed in central Iowa, a typical US Midwestern agricultural watershed, examines the watershed response to changes in meteorological inputs from an ensemble of ten global climate models under the A1B scenario. Changes in climate were directly applied to observations (the delta change method) assuming that the estimates of climate change are reliable even if the simulated current climate may be biased. The ensemble average for the mid‐century (1946–1965) predicted 0.7% increase in daily precipitation (monthly variation from −11.3% to +19.5%) and 2.78 °C increase in average temperature over the entire watershed. These predictions were translated through a well‐calibrated SWAT modelling setup into 22% decrease in snowfall, 16% decrease in surface runoff, 18% decrease in baseflow, 8% increase in evapotranspiration and 17% decrease in total water yield. The spatial impact at the subwatershed level revealed a wide variation (but no defined trend) with decrease in water yield that ranged from 10% to 23%. Flow near the watershed outlet (Van Meter, Iowa) is expected to decline by 17% on an average annual basis with the highest impact occurring during summer months with a maximum 39% reduction in August. Changes in climate were found to have a clear and significant impact signal of decreasing streamflow at the watershed outlet with far‐reaching implication for drinking water supplies for the central Iowa communities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Pyrethroids are insecticides commonly used in both agricultural and urban environments. Residues of pyrethroids frequently are found in bed sediments of regions such as California (USA), and as such, sediment toxicity from pyrethroid contamination is an emerging concern. Pyrethroids are highly hydrophobic, and toxicity from sediment‐borne pyrethroids is expected to depend closely on their desorption rate. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of aging on desorption kinetics of sediment‐borne pyrethroids. Two sediments spiked with four pyrethroids were incubated for 7, 40, 100, and 200 d at room temperature. Desorption measured using sequential Tenax® extractions was well described by a three‐compartment model. The estimated rapid desorption fraction (Frapid) decreased quickly over time and was accompanied by an increase of the very slow desorption fraction. The aging effect on desorption kinetics followed a first‐order model, with half‐lives for the decrease in Frapid for all four pyrethroids in both sediments ranging from two to three months. When coupled with degradation, the estimated half‐lives of the rapidly desorbing fraction (and, thus, the potentially bioavailable concentration) were two months or less for all four pyrethroids. Two field‐contaminated sediments displayed distinctively different desorption kinetics. The sediment with fresh residues exhibited rapid desorption, and the sediment containing aged residues was highly resistant to desorption. The observation that desorption of pyrethroids decreased quickly over contact time implies that the bioavailability of sediment‐borne pyrethroids may diminish over time and that use of nonselective extraction methods may lead to overestimating the actual sediment toxicity from pyrethroid contamination.


BRS Pitanga is a new dry bean [Phaseolus vulgaris] cultivar of the small purple commercial group released for cultivation in the State of Goias and the Federal District in Brazil. The cultivar has an erect plant growth habit, and is resistant to 4 pathotypes (55, 89, 95 and 43) of the causal agents of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), to rust and to bean common mosaic virus..


Unintentional injuries, like transportation accidents, pose a threat to children and their parents alike. Researchers have been trying to better understand what happens during a crash in order to prevent and protect this age group from fatal injuries, especially now with a few different types of CRS available on the market. In this sled study, a dummy was tested using six different child seats in seven seating conditions. There were three principal directions of force: 0°, 30°, and 80°; full on frontal impact is 0° while almost side impact is 80°. Cameras were placed all around the testing bench to capture dummy kinematics. The videos collected were then prepared in Meta, a post processor, to trace the kinematics of the dummy's head and other body parts. Because the cameras were only capable of capturing in 2D, usually, two separate views (overhead and side views) are necessary to re-create the kinematic in 3D. Using Meta and its functions allows for an easy adjustment to the rotated angle in 30° and 80°. MATLAB and Excel were used to convert units, adjust for sled's movement, scale videos size, and overlay tracings. Statistical data such as body angle vs. time and maximum excursions were also produced. The resulting data suggest that different types of child seats and PDOF do, in fact, affect excursions differently. High back seats, especially the HBB Best Bet, tend to produce longer head excursions than the other seats. However, most seats like the other HBB and the LBBs are not far away from the HBB Best Bet. Other seat types like the Heightless and Inflatable produce unique excursions and patterns that traces the pattern of the No_CRS condition. These results question the performance and benefits of the Heightless and Inflatable. More research is still needed to draw any firm decision on these new seats, but for now, remaining with the classical designs of child seats is the better choice.


In the United States, acts of prejudice occur in many situations and spaces. Scholars and researchers hypothesize that these acts are often due to the racism that permeates our country. When seemingly racist acts occur, they are sometimes unreported, misunderstood or simply not addressed. As a Black woman falsely accused of theft, I endured assumptions made about me, and I made assumptions about my accuser. We are often left to speculate as to what fuels acts of racism, whether in the form of microaggressions or overt acts. As we try to assign reasons for others' behaviors, we must also inspect the conditioning of our own thinking. In this study, I utilize both Critical Race Theory and Attribution theory while employing an autoethnographical approach to dissect an unexpected racial encounter. Racism is a palpable subject, and in re-telling the event, I uncover assumptions, locate structured biases and find an empowering voice that allows my perceived racist encounter to be addressed.


T Oday's medical graduates are among the first to have used computers at school, but computer technology has as yet had little impact on the practice of medicine or on undergraduate or postgraduate medical education. The joint venture company, Mednetwork Systems Pty Limited (formed by IBM, Medibank Private and the Australasian Medical Publishing Company which is the publishing arm of the Australian Medical Association), is hoping to remedy this defect, particularly in the areas of continuing medical education and medical practice. The avalanche of new knowledge arising out of advances in biotechnology creates major problems in continuing medical education. Many practising doctors have only a superficial understanding of Watson and Crick's work on the double helix and the structure of genes and of subsequent developments which have revolutionised biological scientific knowledge. Very few would have an understanding of the polymerase chain reaction or the use of transfected animals. How can today's medical practitioner keep up with this explosion of medical and scientific knowledge while working a 70-hour week? Computer technology does provide one means of rapid diffusion of knowledge to outside practitioners and it can give us immediate and personal access to huge amounts of information 24 hours a day. One CD ROM disk can contain all the information in 500 books. Where standard protocols apply, programs are already available to guide the doctor about appropriate treatment. For example, in an emergency immediate access can be provided to the necessary steps in the management of multiple trauma victims. Rapid expansion in the pharmaceutical field is ideally suited to the use of computer technology to remind doctors not only of the uses and actions of drugs, but of their interactions and contraindications. In the words of Harvey Cleveland at the recent World Conference of Medical Education in Palm Springs: "Current computer technology provides immense opportunities for focusing, learning and management within the field of medicine." The article by Regan which appears on page 140 of this issue of the Journal shows excellent insight into the problems which may result from the introduction of computer technology into medical practice and warns of many of the dangers of computerised information exchange. This may become a tool of governments, providing them with information about the categories of patients seen and their treatment times in conjunction with item numbers. It may also encourage bulk billing through faster payment of bulk-billed claims. The author also points out dangers relating to confidentiality, the weak link in any security system being that of the fallible humans involved. The example given (of the great ease of obtaining all the medical information about current cabinet ministers through one corrupt bureaucrat with access to a central data base) should cause all of us to pause and think before allowing any direct access to information about our patients. Computerisation within general practice has marginaldirect benefits for the operation of the practice, even for accounting purposes, according to Dr Regan, but some computerised practices may dispute this. There would be general agreement that computer-based medical records have little to offer over paper systemsat this time, but surely we cannot turn away from the huge potential advantages alluded to above in the field of continuing medical education. Treading a fine line between the advantages and potential dangers of introducing computerisation into medical practice in Australia presents a great challenge to the Australasian Medical Publishing Company and its representative on the Board of Mednetwork Systems. The Australasian Medical Publishing Company, through the AMA, is accountable to the profession, and, if electronic data interchange is to be introduced, it is important that we should be involved in its introduction and in monitoring and protecting the interests of doctors and their patients. Dr Regan's article is worthy of careful attention, and, while I am a great enthusiast for the use of computers to provide ready access to knowledge bases, we cannot ignore his warnings.


Synchronized catalysis in native enzyme: We used a photoactive nanotrigger (NT) to study the initial electron transfer to FAD in native neuronal NOS catalysis. Modeling and fluorescence spectroscopy showed that selective NT binding to NADPH sites is able to override Phe1395 regulation, thus permitting ultrafast injection of electrons into the protein electron pathway. That NT initiation of flavoenzyme catalysis led to the formation of NO is promising for time‐resolved X‐ray and other cellular applications.


Hydropower plays a pivotal role in the socio-economic development of Bhutan where water resource is abundantly available and therefore several hydropower plants are being planned and a few under construction. However, with the presence of several potentially dangerous glacier lakes within the higher elevations, the country is always at the risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) and climate change which poses higher uncertainty regarding the sustainability of hydropower reservoirs in the long run. To understand the hydrological response of the basin, where new hydropower plants are going to be installed soon, a complex semi-distributed hydrological model has been prepared for the Punatshangchu basin using RS MINERVE. After calibration and validation of the model, it is observed that the model reflects low relative volume bias (-0.196 - 0.050) and high Nash efficiency (0.540 - 0.990) which is an important aspect to be considered for any hydropower dam and its operational schemes. Such a model is a viable tool well adapted to an operational flood forecasting system and management. With the built-in scheme for hydropower, reservoir, planner, and turbines within RS Minerve, it could be used to understand the array of scenarios for planning and operations.


Lassie Lake area in the Okanagan Highlands of British Columbia contains at least three occurrences of Miocene 'basal type' uranium mineralization in sediments underlying Plateau Basalt outliers. The results of a detailed geochemical drainage survey$ this Crea are described. Stream and spring waters were analyzed for U, F, Na, K, Ca, Mg, C1, SOI, , HCO3 pH and conductivity; associated sediments were analyzed for U, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ca, Mo, and loss on ignition (organic content). Uranium in sediments shows no significant correlation with any of the base metals and the latter elements are, therefore, of little interpretative or pathfinder value when prospecting for this type of deposit. Water chemistry and sediment composition (organic content) have some effect on the dispersion and concentration of uranium, but lithology, structure and hydrology (e.g. fissure controlled waters) have been found to be more important in interpreting anomalies. The observed dispersion patterns of uranium in the vicinity of mineralized and unmineralized sediments underlying the basaltic outliers are described and guidelines on sampling techniques which can be employed in the search for this type of mineralization are proposed. Ol-jOG;jG


A new method for maintaining the peripheral determinants of myocardial oxygen demand constant is described. Intravenously administered phenylephrine and nitroglycerin were used to control afterload and preload. Heart rate was kept constant with atrial pacing. The method was used to establish the in vivo negative inotropic effect of 1% end‐tidal isoflurane in eight patients with ischaemic heart disease during positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Stroke volume measured during steady‐state isoflurane anaesthesia and IPPV with preload, afterload and heart rate kept constant was 23% below awake control. The decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption was 22% and correlated well (r = 0.891) with the fall in left ventricular performance (stroke volume).


We examined 2947 basalt and volcanic glass artifacts from 38 sites in leeward Kohala. Nondestructive energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence provided initial geochemical characterizations. Wavelength‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (WDXRF) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) analyses were completed on samples from ambiguously sourced groups. No more than 13.9% of the probable and definite adze‐related debitage originated in leeward Kohala. Notably absent are lithic materials from the nearby Pololū Adze Quarry in windward Kohala. Material from the more distant Mauna Kea Adze Quarry accounts for 41.6% of the adze debitage. Another 38.8% of the adze debitage matches with a tholeiitic source or sources long assumed to be Kīlauea Volcano in Kaʻū, but WDXRF and TIMS isotopic data do not support a Kīlauea source. Centralized adze production and distribution networks best explain adze distribution. Scoria abraders appear to have been regularly transported from the Kona district to leeward Kohala. Volcanic glass sources loosely align with distance‐decay trends, but show greater reliance on Puʻuwaʻawaʻa material by 1650 CE.


Women in Sweden have a higher level of education than men and are a distinct majority among university students. Despite this, women are a clear minority at the top of the labour force. When school's out and working life begins, there is a shift in the dominance. What happens along the way? The term "glass ceiling" refers to the obstacles that exist for women to reach top jobs. The study intended to investigate whether there are indications that the glass ceiling exists already at university level. The purpose was thus to increase understanding of whether there are gender differences among university students in their view of future working life and level of stereotype threat and self-efficacy, as well as how thoughts about managerial position and income level relate to stereotype threat and self-efficacy in terms of mediation. This was investigated through a survey method in which an internet-based survey was sent out to university students. The results showed no significant gender differences regarding ambition to possess a high management position, but that female students estimated it to be significantly less likely to be high income earners than men. Female students also experienced a significantly stronger stereotype threat than male students, but no significant gender differences were found regarding self-efficacy. Furthermore, self-efficacy also partially mediated the relationship between gender and income. The conclusion was drawn that there are indications that the glass ceiling partly exists at university level in the shape of stereotype threat. However, equality can be thought to contribute to the students' similar ambitions and self-efficacy.


Each child should bring a complete change of clothes (including underwear and socks) in a suitable named bag or backpack.


This thesis is concerned with dynamics of conservative nonlinear waves on bounded domains. In general, there are two scenarios of evolution. Either the solution behaves in an oscillatory, quasiperiodic manner or the nonlinear effects cause the energy to concentrate on smaller scales leading to a turbulent behaviour. Which of these two possibilities occurs depends on a model and the initial conditions. In the quasiperiodic scenario there exist very special time-periodic solutions. They result for a delicate balance between dispersion and nonlinear interaction. The main body of this dissertation is concerned with construction (by means of perturbative and numerical methods) of time-periodic solutions for various nonlinear wave equations on bounded domains. While turbulence is mainly associated with hydrodynamics, recent research in General Relativity has also revealed turbulent phenomena. Numerical studies of a self-gravitating massless scalar field in spherical symmetry gave evidence that anti-de Sitter space is unstable against black hole formation. On the other hand there appeared many examples of asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions which evade turbulent behaviour and appear almost periodic for long times. We discuss here these two contrasting scenarios putting special attention to the construction and properties of strictly time-periodic solutions. We analyze different models where solutions of this type exist. Moreover, we describe similarities and differences among these models concerning properties of time-periodic solutions and methods used for their construction.


The article critically analyses how family value in Bangladesh is ignored for keeping its sole focus on gaining economic growth and reveals the relevance of the Bhutanese philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH) that suggests keeping a balance between development and value. In so doing, both qualitative and quantitative methodologies have been applied to collect the relevant data. A survey on twenty-five scholarly participants- teachers from universities and colleges, PhD and Mphil researchers, lawyers– has been conducted with structured questionnaires substantiated by qualitative interview of seven Social Science faculty members – five from Dhaka University and two from two different private Universities of Bangladesh- with semi- structured questionnaires. Moreover, a robust content analysis of the relevant secondary data i.e., books, articles, newspaper reports, have also been analyzed carefully to ensure the reliability and validity of the collected data. This study argues that Bhutan has been a glaring example of how both spiritual and material advancement can be ensured simultaneously that starts flourishing from a harmonious family relationship. And the study findings can be beneficial for the concerned policy makers of Bangladesh to adopt more effective and time-worthy policies to protect the country's declined social values in line with economic growth taking insights from Bhutan's GNH in different degrees.


In the study the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of milk obtained from Simmental cows imported from the Czech Republic (n = 63), their daughters born in Poland (n = 46), and cows of the Polish Black-and-White breed with up to 50 % Holstein-Friesian genes (n = 21) were compared.
Actual milk yield, value-corrected milk (VCM) and energy- corrected milk (ECM), as well as fat and protein content in the milk, were compared in 305-day lactation for a one-year period. The udder health of cows was assessed on the basis of the somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk and the log-transformed
somatic cell count (LnSCC). Polish Black-and-White cows had the highest actual milk yield and fat yield. Simmentals from the Czech Republic, on the other hand, had the highest average protein yield and the highest VCM yield. The season and the breed and origin of the cows were found to significantly affect the number of milk samples with an elevated SCC. Simmental cows born in Poland had significantly the lowest mean SCC and LnSCC, as compared to both the Czech Simmentals and the Black-and-White breed. The Simmental cows, although their milk yield was lower than that o the Black-and-White breed, had better udder health assessed on the basis of LnSCC and their milk had a more favourable protein-to-fat ratio. Simmental cows can be successfully used on farms adjacent to areas under environmental protection, where intensive agricultural production, including livestock
farming, is prohibited.


AbstractThis paper considers the viability of applying computer vision techniques for estimating the peak experienced seismic displacement of damaged bridge columns, for use in postdisaster triage assessment. The primary objective of the associated study was to determine if there is a statistically robust relationship between peak seismic displacement and damage observations extracted from two-dimensional (2D) images captured after an event. To this end, correlations were developed using images and experimental test data from lateral-load tests performed on a series of reinforced concrete bridge columns. Computer vision algorithms based on a combination of image segmentation, feature extraction, and nonlinear regression analysis were used to estimate peak drift. The results presented in this paper indicate strong correlations between parameterized crack patterns and experienced structural displacement, regardless of the position of the camera. Key findings include the necessity of using nonlinear machine ...


the vague kinship between Princes hamlet and fortinbras in the proto-Hamlet plays attributed to saxo, Belleforest and kyd, coupled with two incidents in shakespeare's Hamlet — hamlet's vote for fortinbras at the end, and his earlier description of the Norwegian invader as "tender and delicate—" are often taken to imply that the invasion is less than hostile and therefore less than disastrous. there is no hint of kinship between the princes of Norway and denmark in shakespeare, however, and no good reason to assume that his audience would have extrapolated one. My essay will suggest, moreover, that in the opening moments of act i shakespeare sketches a vivid contrast between the danish commoners, preparing defensive fortifications for a war that is imminent, and the "better wisdoms" of elsinore, preparing for their mirrors and wishful thinking. i will also suggest that hamlet's vote for fortinbras appears equivocal, at best, when one considers that hamlet, the humanist perfectionist, whose request to return to Wittenberg is among the first and only items of volition disclosed about him in the play, consistently holds denmark, the "pestilent congregation of vapors" of which he is ashamed, in contempt (ii.2.287-88).3 how profoundly he disdains the country of which he is prince, and the degree of his indifference to its impending loss of sovereignty and to the meaning of sovereignty itself, shakespeare suggests on several occasions during the course of the play, not least in the protagonist's dying moments.4 although fortinbras and his


There has been little research on the health consequences of trafficking in women in Mexico and this study examines the effects of trafficking in women. Twenty internally trafficked women were interviewed in Monterrey city, Mexico, during the years 2007 and 2008. Although the study found that trafficking of women in Mexico results from multi-causal factors, we found that in general trafficked women suffer a wide range of physical and sexual violence. This has direct consequences on their physical and mental health and in particular their sexual health.


The study results of Camellia oleifera cutting seedling experiment show that there are significant differences between all the survival rates,and apical bud,lateral bud,as well as lateral root numbers of the seedlings with cutting conducted by various technical personnels;cutting after the soaking treatments with different concentrations of indolebutyric acid solutions possesses a significant effect on C.oleifera cutting survival rate,the most suitable concentration is 100×10 -6 .C.oleifera may survive both with hard branch cutting and with soft branch cutting,the key lies in the degree of mastering the cutting technology.


The dynamic lattice liquid model was implemented as a simulation algorithm for simple liquids. This model works correctly for the density factor ρ=1 and becomes a base for a parallel algorithm. Such an algorithm takes into account coincidences of elementary molecular motion attempts resulting in local cooperative structural transformations. In this paper general conditions for simulating simple liquids on various lattices are presented. Interdiffusion coefficients were directly monitored as changes of composition profiles with time for both athermal and interacting binary (AB) mixtures. In the athermal case, the coefficients of self-diffusion and interdiffusion are equal. For interacting binary mixtures the interdiffusion exhibits a thermally activated character.


Vibrio parahaemoiyticus is a neophyte among enteric pathogens. It was first recog nized as a cause of food poisoning in Japan in the early 1950s (I), but its public health significance was not fully appreciated for a decade. Articles published in English do not make clear what factors contributed to its recognition in Japan. The importance of fish in the Japanese diet and the occurrence of large outbreaks along the Pacific Coast associated with marine foods (2) in the late 1950s undoubtedly played a significant role in stimulating microbiologists to search for organisms other than the known enteric pathogens, which were clearly not responsible for these outbreaks. The threat of invasion of EI Tor cholera into Japan in the early 1960s also may have stimulated Japanese health authorities to search for vibrios in fecal cultures from persons with acute enteric disease. Finally, the introduction of new methods to culture vibrios also undoubtedly contributed. In any event it soon became evident that V. parahaemoiyticus was the leading cause of foodborne illness in Japan, especially during the summer months, when it accounted for roughly 70% of all reported foodborne illnesses (3). During the 1960s most public health workers considered this problem unique to Japan because of the apparent relationship with the popular Japanese custom of eating raw seafood. They were convinced otherwise a decade later because of events remarkably similar to those that had transpired earlier in Japan. In the early 1970s, EI Tor cholera spread into the Middle East, Africa, and Spain and Portugal. Al though there was no serious concern that cholera would spread in the United States, the introduction of disease via Americans returning from infected foci was consid ered a growing possibility (4). To ensure early recognition in such incidents the Center for Disease Control (CDC) actively encouraged the use ofTCBS (thiosulfate citrate-bile salt-sucrose) medium in searching for vibrios in diarrheal stools. At about the same time, published reports demonstrated the ubiquity of V. parahae-


This work performs experimental investigations on concrete made with difference replacement percentage of first-class burnt clay brick aggregate (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, and 100%) by steel slag (SS) aggregate. The aim is to evaluate the mechanical properties as well as durability performances, additionally, water absorption porosity test is performed to investigate the influence of steel slag aggregate on the durability of tested concrete. The experimental results have shown that the compressive strength was improved significantly due to the replacement of brick aggregate by steel slag aggregate. The crushing strength of concrete made with 100% steel slag aggregate has gained up to 70% more than the control concrete (100% brick aggregate). However, the porosity of concrete was reduced with the adding percentage of brick aggregate by steel slag aggregate which is consistent with the compressive strength results. Further, a quite good agreement between compressive strength and porosity was observed as well.


In view of the particularity of prepress image processing, the processing before printing image, emphatically grasp two things: one, buckle figure in the process of image processing; Second, the output image can perfect reappearance and used for printing output. Photoshop buckle figure in prepress image processing are presented in this paper the process techniques were introduced the detailed and shortcut.


Abstract : There is a new information revolution brewing. Hand held electronic devices are invading the home and the workplace. As capabilities increase, the cost of commercially available personal electronic devices continues to decline dramatically. These devices include Personal Data Assistants (PDAs), Cellular Phones, Pagers, GPS receivers, and Digital imaging equipment. The military should plan for the integration and use of these devices to enhance effectiveness of operations. By designing open architecture systems that are upgrade capable, the military can take advantage of emerging technologies. There are issues to be considered: integration, reliability, training, security and invasion of privacy.


A comparative analysis of pathogenic, cultural, physiological-biochemical properties and cell antigenic and fatty acids composition of 13 Pseudomonas xanthochlora strains with collection strains of bacteria which belong to Pseudomonas genus and strike legumes has been determined. The significant affinity between agent of lupin's bacterial wet rot and representatives of Pseudomonas marginalis species by a complex phenotypical properties has been shown. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.


We present a new approach for solving nonsmooth optimization problems and a system of nonsmooth equations which is based on generalized derivative. For this purpose, we introduce the first order of generalized Taylor expansion of nonsmooth functions and replace it with smooth functions. In other words, nonsmooth function is approximated by a piecewise linear function based on generalized derivative. In the next step, we solve smooth linear optimization problem whose optimal solution is an approximate solution of main problem. Then, we apply the results for solving system of nonsmooth equations. Finally, for efficiency of our approach some numerical examples have been presented.


Summary A method for assay of interferon activity based on the inhibition of virus yield in calf kidney cultures infected with poliovirus RNA is described. Evidence has been obtained for a linear relationship between the logarithm of the dilution of interferon and the logarithm of the virus yield suggesting a complex nature of the action of interferon. The RNA-interferon test was about 100 times more sensitive than other methods tested. This method also detected interferon in calf kidney cultures persistently infected with NDV.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Surgical therapy is an important therapeutic strategy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, the degree of improvement in postoperative clinical parameters can often vary depending on the case. Here, we assessed factors influencing postoperative clinical parameters in patients with transurethral prostatic surgery. METHODS: 96 patients who underwent transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), or holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP), and had measured total prostatic volume and volume of the transitional zone by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) from 2006–2016 were assessed for ratio of prostatic resection and clinical parameters (i.e., preoperative and postoperative IPSS, OABSS, uroflowmetry, pressure flow study, and the magnitude of prostatic inflammation). Ratio of prostatic resection was calculated using the following formula: the weight of prostatic resection / the preoperative volume of transitional zone. A ratio of more than 0.8 prostatic resection was defined as "complete resection". Chronic prostatic inflammation was assessed by the grade (lymphocyte density), extent (lymphocyte distribution) and location of inflammation. RESULTS: Ratio of prostatic resection was negatively correlated with the rate of change in the intermittency and straining (IPSS) score and post-voiding residual, and positively correlated with Qmax. The factors affecting the rate of change in postoperative parameters were further examined in only the complete-resection group (46 cases). The rate of change in Qmax and Voided volume showed a strong positive correlation with the magnitude of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: In BPH surgery, urologists must conduct complete resections, because a higher ratio of prostatic resection contributes to the degree of improvement in postoperative clinical parameters. The degree of improvement in patients with stronger chronic prostatic inflammation was dramatic. In such cases, functional obstruction due to inflammation exists in addition to mechanical obstruction. Thus, removal of inflamed sites by transurethral surgery of prostate simultaneously improves the lower urinary tract symptoms caused by mechanical obstruction, and the functional obstruction in patients with strong inflammation. This result indicated that prostatic inflammation had a significant impact in exacerbating male LUTS. Source of Funding: none


The thermal conductivity performance of porous silicon and the influence such as aperture, porosity and oxidation treatment are introduced. The state of art of thermal isolation with porous silicon technologies are presented, especially the step current method and pulse current method. It is thought that the pulse current methods will be used abroad because of their special superiorities. Porous silicon has been used broadly in the fields of micro-sensors because of its special thermal isolation performance and advantages in technology.


The invention discloses ironing equipment for synthetic leather processing. The ironing equipment includes a coating machine, and ironing equipment installed before the coating machine. The ironing equipment includes a heating roller and a pressing roller; the heating roller presses the pressing roller; the cloth is conveyed to the coating machine through a third driving roller, a second driving roller, a first driving roller, a heating roller and a pressure roller; the third driving roller, the second driving roller, the first driving roller and the heating roller respectively form a first cavity and a second cavity, which are respectively sealed by sealing steam plates; the first cavity and the second cavity are provided with a first steam pipe and a second steam pipe, which are communicated with the an ultrasonic water atomization generator; the water mist humidifies the cloth; the pressure roller is equipped with at least three electric heating bodiesa first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor, which are connected with an electric heating controller. The invention has the beneficial effects of reasonable structure, low cost, electricity saving, water saving, space saving, and high temperature, high humidity and high pressure shaping and ironing of cloth.


The alarmin S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) plays a role in the immunopathology of lung diseases such as asthma and pneumonia. We hypothesized that acute pneumonia induced by S. pneumoniae exacerbates asthma through S100A9 induction that increase neutrophilic inflammation and NET production. C57BL/6 Wild Type (WT) animals and mice deficient for the expression of S100A9 (S100A9 −/−) were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and infected or not with S. pneumoniae during the challenge. In WT mice, the comorbidity resulted in a significant increase in neutrophil recruitment in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) accompanied by an increased perivascular and peribronchial leukocyte infiltration, S100A9 secretion and NET production in the lungs compared to the WT mice exposed only to the allergen. During the comorbidity, S100A9 −/−mice exhibited significant reduction in the levels of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 and neutrophilic inflammation in the BALF as well as perivascular and peribronchial leukocyte infiltration into the lungs compared to their WT counterpart. Moreover, during the comorbidity, S100A9 −/−mice showed an increase in neutrophil death. Pharmacological intervention with tasquinimod, an inhibitor of S100A9 signaling, or BB Cl-amidine, an inhibitor of NET, protected mice from neutrophilic inflammation and NET production and reduced lung inflammation during the asthma and acute pneumonia comorbidity.Our results provided evidence that S100A9 might be a therapeutic target in severe asthma triggered by S. pneumoniae infection.
 Financial support: The Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), grants 2017/216295 (VLDB) and 2019/09881-6 (TFCF-S), and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), grant 142139/2019-0 (MMMB).


In this paper, we report on the development of a fully-integrated, low-power analog frontend circuit, consisting in a high-voltage unipolar pulser and a low-noise charge amplifier, specifically designed for 1D CMUT arrays operating in the 1-15 MHz range. The proposed circuit comprises a high-voltage unipolar pulser, a T/R switch, and a low-noise charge amplifier (LNA), which were carefully co-designed in order to minimize the overall parasitic capacitance and power consumption. The high-voltage pulser allows generating up to 100-V unipolar pulses. The T/R switch was designed to achieve sufficient isolation of the LNA during transmission together with a low parasitic resistance in on state. The LNA is based on a capacitive feedback topology providing sufficient bandwidth and better noise-power performance than commonly adopted trans-resistance topologies. Chip prototypes were fabricated using a BCD-SOI technology available at STMicroelectronics. Experimental characterization results are achieved in conjunction with a 10 MHz CMUT linear array developed for medical imaging applications.


Abstract This paper summarises the findings of a research study involving a group of care managers in a northern town, where multi-disciplinary guidelines, based on the care management framework, have been introduced for staff to follow when the abuse of older people is suspected or confirmed. The paper explores how care managers are addressing issues of identification, assessment and intervention in cases of suspected or confirmed abuse of older people; and to what extent issues of age, race gender and ability/disability influence decision making. The advantages and disadvantages of the care management model as applied to abuse of older people are discussed; and focus is given to the disjunction between guidelines, which recommend a standard response, and individual practice, which was found to differ widely in emphasis. Finally, it points to how future preventive strategies can be developed.