Scholarly appraisals of Paul's masculinity differ widely. Some conclude that Paul is presented (by himself or another author) as an ideal man. Others argue that Paul rejects dominant norms of manliness or that he offers a countercultural alternative. This article draws on the work of Valerius Maximus, whose writing has been neglected in this conversation, to argue that Roman imperial culture offered a variety of measures of elite masculinity. Scholars often mention control of self and others as norms of manliness, and of these Valerius emphasizes practices of self-control. Even with this knowledge, however, evaluating masculinity requires discernment. An individual's motivations and circumstances are essential factors in Valerius's application of the social norms. The article encourages scholars to consider this more complex set of cultural norms in assessing the manliness of Paul or other New Testament figures.


¶ aNational Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, USA bJoint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) , Michigan State University, USA cDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State Univer s ty, USA dDepartment of Physics, University of Notre Dame, USA eLos Alamos National Laboratory, USA f Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA gThe Ohio State University, USA


More complaints were made against the NHS last year than ever before, and they included many which the health service ombudsman said highlighted a "neglect of management." In his latest annual report the ombudsman, William Reid, attacked the "pitiful and shabby" way in which NHS authorities dealt with complaints.

Nearly a quarter of all grievances investigated by the ombudsman were about the way in which a complaint was handled at local level. Mr Reid said: "In many of the cases which I investigated I was obliged to criticise what can only be regarded as an abrogation of responsibility and neglect of management. Far too often …


Several factors have resulted in an increased interest on the part of professionals in collecting and using data from parents during assessment procedures conducted with young handicapped children. However, the results of recent studies which have examined differences between the developmental status of the child as described by parents and as evaluated by professionals have been contradictory. Some have concluded that parents provide significantly higher estimates of the child's development, while others have found no such differences. This study was designed to investigate relationships between parent- and child-related demographic variables and percentages of agreement calculated between both mothers and fathers and a diagnostician. Forty mothers and 32 fathers of handicapped children enrolled in early intervention programs were interviewed in order to complete the Developmental Profile. An overall percentage of agreement was calculated for each child by comparing parental data with that obtained by a diagnostician who scored the Developmental Profile by direct testing and observation. Significant relationships were found between some of the demographic variables and percentages of agreement. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for assessment procedures.


This paper presents an alternative scenario to the research literature's depiction as to how southern Ontario's topographic high evolved. The morphology of this highland, known by various names that relate to the nearby Town of Dundalk (e.g., Dundalk Dome, Dundalk Highlands, Dundalk Till Plain, Dundalk Plateau), is typically described as having been shaped by thick sheets of glacial ice. In contrast, the scenario presented here attributes the origins of this area to its emergence from seawater and floating polar ice at some point prior to the beginning of the Holocene. Continued emergence from seawater, with periodic regressions, ultimately formed what is now known as the Ontario Peninsula. Evidence of these former water levels was obfuscated by the impact of floating masses of sea ice. The suite of weakly etched but lowering shoreline profiles did not originate from the opening of outlets as the glacial ice receded. Rather, the area's shorelines are attributed to its having rotated through the polar region as the Earth's axis shifted.


Acute renal failure in which irreversible changes have not occurred in the kidneys is not an uncommon condition, and the mortality in such cases is tragically high because of the accumulation of substances which are normally excreted by the kidneys. A considerable reduction in this mortality may be expected by an artificial means of removing these substances, thereby prolonging life while the kidneys recover sufficiently to resume function. Such an artificial method is applicable to numerous conditions which cause acute renal failure: transfusion reaction, toxicity to sulfonamide compounds, poisoning with heavy metals, toxemia of pregnancy and severe trauma. The idea of artificial removal of the substances ordinarily excreted by the kidneys is not new. Abel, Rowntree and Turner 1 in 1914 demonstrated a method of dialyzing these substances from the circulating blood of living animals by a system of celloidin tubes interposed in the vascular system. Putnam 2 in 1923


A Ti:Sapphire oscillator was aligned to form a Z" folded cavity. Diode pumped solid state laser with wavelength of 532 nm was employed as a pumping source. The oscillator comprised a set of mirrors including high reflectivity of 99.8% mirror and an output coupler with 5% transmission. A pair of prism was interposed into the cavity to induce mode-locked pulses. External perturbation was introduced to initiate femtopulse generation. The femtosecond pulse spectrum was found to be centered at 806.74 nm with bandwidth of 24.8 nm at full width half maximum (FWHM). The pulse duration of the signal is estimated to be as 27.56 femtosecond.


Since complete abstinence is very difficult for alcoholics, we must try to find some other effective therapy. The effectiveness of Calcium Cyanamide for the treatment of alcoholism has been long recognized. An antialcoholic drug Cyanamide is shown in Table 1. We ascertained that the alcohol detaining effect of Calcium Cyanamide was found after being transformed into Cyanamide by acid in the stomach.


Combining spatial layered coding with fine granularity scalability coding techniques, an algorithm of spatial fine granularity scalable coding (S-FGS) is proposed. It provides high adaptability to network bandwidth, does not reduce the compression ratio and retains quality of reconstructed images. Based on this algorithm, a coding system model is proposed for still image data compression. Experimental results show that the time complexity of the algorithm is mainly affected by scalable granularity, and the algorithm is viable with specific granularity setting.


In their otherwise excellent review of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), Lidar and Livneh argue against testing for Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) mutations both in their diagnostic algorithm and in their subsequent discussion of the case. Although the clinical criteria for FMF are highly sensitive and specific, incorporation of genetic testing will not only confirm the diagnosis but adds valuable information about prognosis as the frequency of secondary amyloidosis varies between genotypes. Moreover, identifying the MEFV mutations in affected cases is crucial if genetic testing is to be offered to other family members. The FMF phenotype can show considerable intrafamilial variation and siblings of affected cases could be asymptomatic but still develop amyloidosis (type II FMF) which is potentially avoidable if treatment is instigated in a timely manner. Finally, mutation analysis for the common FMF mutations is inexpensive and readily l E T T E r T o T H E E d i T o r


At present the social service in Chinas regional universities is developing quickly, but problems exist in ideology of service, organization and mediation, set - up of academic disciplines, general strength of scientific research, and material and technological basis of service. Therefore, the social service of regional universities must clarify the following development policies: service orientation, exploiting the strengths and avoiding the weaknesses, dealing with the easier first and then the more difficult, flexibility and quickness, making good omissions and shortcomings, low prices, various forms, foregrounding the focus and strengthening the characteristics.


With development of industry agriculture and improvement of people's living standard,the consumption of energy increase greatly.By using economic analysis,this paper concludes that the consumption of energy increase with GDP,and there also have potentialities with energy utilization,the price of energy has not much effect on its consumption.We should increase the rate of using energy and resolve the energy crisis problem by seeking more energy source and reducing expenses.


Although density-dependent processes and the risk of pool desiccation dominate temporary pool ecology literature, the spreading of larvae across pools and time as a strategy for managing these central stress factors has not been rigorously addressed as an adaptive mechanism. We develop a state-dependent oviposition habitat selection model predicting that females of the endangered fire salamander, Salamandra infraimmaculata, will split their larval load temporally during the rainy season and across multiple pools and will adjust the number of larvae deposited according to pool quality. These strategies are predicted to reduce the negative effects of larval density-dependence and limited habitat duration. We tested the qualitative predictions of the model in an outdoor experiment. Consistent with our predictions, gravid females, when allowed to choose deposition sites among pools of different depths, spread their larvae both spatially and temporally and deposited more larvae into deeper pools. This study offers a novel theoretical and experimental framework for studying the evolution of reproductive strategies in ephemeral systems. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.


Acknowledgments Bjorn M. Felder: Introduction: Eugenics, Sterilisation and the Racial State: The Baltic States and Russia and the Global Eugenics Movement Eugenics in the Baltics Paul J. Weindling: Race, Eugenics and National Identity in the Eastern Baltic: From Racial Surveys to Racial States Ken Kalling: The Application of Eugenics in Estonia 1918-1940 Ken Kalling and Leiu Heapost: Racial Identity and Physical Anthropology in Estonia 1800-1945 Bjorn M. Felder: "God forgives - but Nature never will" - Racial Identity, Racial Anthropology, and Eugenics in Latvia 1918-1940 Vladimirs Kuznecovs: Latvian Psychiatry and Medical Legislation of the 1930s and the German Sterilisation Law Ineta Lipsa: "Over-Latvianization in Heaven" - Attitude towards Contraception and Abortion in Latvia 1918-1940 Bjorn M. Felder and Arunas Germanivicius: Eugenics against State and Church: Juozas Blazys (1890-1939), Eugenics, Abortion and Psychiatry in Interwar Lithuania 1918-1940 Eugenics in the Baltic Sea Region Maciej Gorny: World War One and National Characterology in East-Central Europe Vsevolod Bashkuev: Soviet Eugenics for National Minorities: Eradication of Syphilis in Buriat-Mongolia as an Element of Social Modernisation of a Frontier Region 1923-1928 Maija Runcis: Sterilisations in the Swedish Welfare State: A Gender Issue? Volker Roelcke: Eugenic Concerns, Scientific Practices: International Relations and National Adaptations in the Establishment of Psychiatric Genetics in Germany, Britain, the USA, and Scandinavia 1910-1960 Contributors


This paper presents an analysis of a recently-proposed two-parameter piecewise-cubic convolution algorithm for image reconstruction. The traditional cubic convolution algorithm is a one-parameter, interpolating function. With the second parameter, the algorithm can also be approximating. The analysis leads to a Taylor series expansion for the average square error due to sampling and reconstruction as a function of the two parameters. This analysis indicates that the additional parameter does not improve the reconstruction fidelity - the optimal two-parameter convolution kernel is identical to the optimal kernel for the traditional one-parameter algorithm. Two methods for constructing the optimal cubic kernel are also reviewed.


Observations of the 3 − 10 keV X-ray emission from the compact Vela pulsar wind nebula show a steepening of the photon index with an increase in distance from the pulsar. Using a timeindependent model, this steepening effect could be satisfactorily reproduced using a single power-law lepton injection spectrum. A magnetic field strength of Bs = 62 μG was found at the shock, with the ratio of electromagnetic to total particle energy ranging from σ = 0.01 − 0.10, depending on the value used for the compression ratio at the shock. More importantly, a conversion efficiency of pulsar spindown power to lepton luminosity of η = 0.13 was found. This is considerably larger than the value of η = 0.003 found by integrating over the entire lifetime of the pulsar and accompanying H.E.S.S. observations. This apparent discrepancy implies that a significant amount of leptons has escaped from the pulsar wind nebula. If the reverse shock caused a radial component in the pulsar wind magnetic field (it is usually assumed that pulsar wind nebulae have an azimuthal field), particles diffusing along the field lines would have a larger possibility of escape, in contrast to the diffusion of particles across the magnetic field. Using the same model to fit the radio data was unsuccessful, indicating that a second leptonic component must be present in the pulsar wind nebula.


In order to obtain the relationships between cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing and cloud,the effects of cloud amount,cloud base height and cloud optical depth on cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing are investigated by using SBDART.And the causes of the nonlinearity of the relationships between cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing and cloud amount derived from other experts are analyzed.The results show that,the cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing of the same cloud shows different characteristics in different atmospheric conditions.The cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing increases with cloud cover, and decreases with cloud base height.The cloud surface long-wave radiative forcing also increases with cloud optical depth,but the increasing stops when the optical depth is greater than 10.The nonlinearity of the relationship is caused by the more frequent occurrence of low altitude cloud and cloud of great optical depth as the cloud cover increases.


PURPOSE: A multi-bit flash memory device is provided to increase the holding time of the electric charge by storing the charges in the charge trapping layer consisting of the silicon nitride. CONSTITUTION: A multi-bit flash memory device(100) includes a silicon substrate(110), a pin channel(120), the first insulation layer(130), dielectric layers(140,150), the second insulation layers(160,170), and gates(180,190). The pin channel has the shape that is a long queue. The both sides of pin channel are formed to be orthogonal to the silicon substrate. The end parts of pin channel are driven as a source(122) and a drain(124). The first insulation layer is formed on the silicon substrate to adjoin with the side of the channel. The dielectric layers are formed to be located from each other to the longitudinal direction of the pin channel. The second insulation layers are formed to cover the top of each dielectric layer and the pin channel. The gates are formed to surround the dielectric layer and the second insulation layer.


Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetic disorder with an autosomal dominant inheritance and incomplete penetrance. It predominantly affects the right ventricle (RV), predisposing to the origin of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death (SD). The structural basis of the disease consists of the progressive loss of myocardium with fibro-adipose replacement. ARVC is a "desmosomes" disease involving mutations of proteins such as placoglobin, desmoplachine, placophylline, desmoglein, and desmocollin. In the "classical" form, the disease mainly implicates the RV chamber, while the left ventricle (LV) is involved in advanced stages. Genotype-phenotype correlation studies have identified some phenotypic variants characterized by an early participation of the LV, which can proceed in parallel toward the two ventricles ("biventricular" variant) or prevails over the RV (variant to "left dominance"). These data led to the evolution of the initial definition of ARVC, which is currently considered a genetic disease of both ventricles and, therefore, deserves the denomination "arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy". Many aspects of diagnosis, treatment, and indications for a correct lifestyle are important in sports medicine. This paper will discuss the clinical management of ARVC, with particular reference to diagnosis, risk stratification, therapy, and indications for physical activity.


This paper discusses briefly, the major applications of high-strength concrete in seismic regions. The advancement of material technology and production has led to higher grades of concrete strengths. These concretes can be produced using conventional production procedures. The use of high-strength concrete is becoming popular in the USA and other countries. The reduced member sizes obtained through the use of high-strength concrete will develop reduced inertial loads under seismic excitation. Strength and ductility are the most important design considerations for a structure to behave satisfactorily under these conditions. These aspects relevant to high-strength concrete members are summarized in the paper.


1,2,3 K.J Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Mumbai 4Professor, Dept. of Computer Engineering, K.J Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Maharashtra, India 5Professor, Dept. of Electronics Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------AbstractAgriculture is considered to be backbone of Indian economy with nearly 70% of population depends on agriculture. In India, precision agriculture and sustainable agriculture and development are becoming popular with the application of latest technologies available in the field and active research in agriculture by using satellite images for various agricultural applications. Thus use of satellite images for identification, classification and estimation of yield carries a lot of importance. Such studies are growing across the world in recent years.In India, several studies are done to classify crops, but still requires more research on different crops. Thus the growth patterns of crops and the approximation of the yields of the crops which particularly with industrial applications would help farmers, government and industries. . The main motto is to help the farmers, Government and industry to carry out such studies.


The overall aim of this doctoral thesis was to describe and develop an understanding ofpersons' experiences of living with migraine and managing their lives to feel well, andto elucidate their expe ...


After in the 90s of the XVIII century. the pathology of bone tuberculosis became known, it was found that the rest of the diseased joint is an essential factor in the fight against tuberculosis.


The fate of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) strongly depends on the partitioning processes on the surface of aerosols, which are coated with a thin water film. However, the behavior of VOCs in the aqueous film of aerosols is difficult to measure. In this work, the interfacial partition constant of cyclohexanone was determined using a novel flow-tube reactor. A thin, aqueous film placed in the reactor was exposed to cyclohexanone gas. The subsequent partitioning was measured using chromatography techniques. The quality control tests were first conducted to ensure the accuracy of the adsorption experiments. The cyclohexanone concentration was then plotted as a function of film thickness to obtain the partitioning constants. As the thickness of the water film decreased, the aqueous concentration of cyclohexanone increased, indicating that surface adsorption played a dominant role in the uptake of cyclohexanone. According to the temperature dependence of the interfacial partition constant, the solvation enthalpy and entropy of cyclohexanone were obtained. The results of this study would help to elucidate the effect of atmospheric water film on the gas–aerosol partitioning of VOCs, and thus can help to better understand the fate of VOCs in


In this paper, we present the concept of one-parameter pedal unfoldings of a pedal curve in the unit sphere S2, and we classify their generic singularities with respect to A-equivalence.


This paper presents the reasonableness of cowboy dress in terms of the relationship between dress comfort and dress development,and shows that the psychological physiological comfort is the basis of thriving and prospering of cowboy dress.


Modeling and numerical methods are two very important fields in physics and engineering sciences. In fluid mechanics, they allow us to study various complex problems and to make predictions of complex phenomena. However, in some cases like the field of petroleum engineering, many parameters like absolute permeability, relative permeability, porosity, capillary pressures, etc. are difficult to measure and / or estimate with certainty. The parametric sensitivity analysis of models provides an overview of the most influential parameters of a model and thus enables the model to be optimized. The study carried out in this work goes in this direction and has made it possible to identify the most influential parameters. The results obtained show that the most influential parameters of the model are the geometric characteristics of the reservoir, porosity and permeability, as well as the injection pressure in the wells.


The oxidation of thiocyanic acid by selenous acid has been shown to take place in an analogous way to that found for selenous acid oxidation of most thiols and thiolates to give the corresponding selenotrisulfide and disulfide products.


Shigellosis is a major public health concern in China, where waterborne disease outbreaks are common. Shigellosiscontaining strategies, mostly single or multiple interventions, are implemented by primary-level health departments. Systematic assessment of the effectiveness of these measures is scarce. To estimate the efficacy of commonly used intervention strategies, we developed a Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious/Asymptomatic–Recovered–Water model. No intervention was predicted to result in a total attack rate (TAR) of 90% of the affected population (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.65–92.80) and duration of outbreak (DO) of 89 days, and the use of single-intervention strategies can be futile or even counter-productive. Prophylactics and water disinfection did not improve TAR or DO. School closure for up to 3 weeks did not help but only increased DO. Isolation alone significantly increased DO. Only antibiotics treatment could shorten the DO to 35 days with TAR unaffected. We observed that these intervention effects were additive when in combined usage under most circumstances. Combined intervention ''Isolation+antibiotics+prophylactics+water disinfection'' was predicted to result in the lowest TAR (41.9%, 95%CI: 36.97–47.04%) and shortest DO (28 days). Our actual Shigellosis control implementation that also included school closure for 1 week, attained comparable results and the modeling produced an epidemic curve of Shigellosis highly similar to our actual outbreak data. This lends a strong support to the reality of our model that provides a possible reference for public health professionals to evaluate their strategies towards Shigellosis control. Citation: Chen T, Leung RK-k, Zhou Z, Liu R, Zhang X, et al. (2014) Investigation of Key Interventions for Shigellosis Outbreak Control in China. PLoS ONE 9(4): e95006. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095006 Editor: Hiroshi Nishiura, The University of Tokyo, Japan Received September 29, 2013; Accepted March 21, 2014; Published April 15, 2014 Copyright: 2014 Chen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was partially supported by the Scientific Research Program of Health Depatrment of Hunan Province (B2012-138, http://www.21hospital. com/) and by the Scientific Research Program of Changsha Science and Technology Bureau (K1205028-31, http://www.cssti.cn/html/cskjw/index.html). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com . These authors contributed equally to this work.


[Objective] To observe the clinical effects of medical ozone(O3)combined with sodium hyaluronate(SH)in treatment of knee osteoarthritis.[Methods]One hundred and twenty patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into three groups:A,B and C(40 in each group).The patients in group A were treated with intra-articular injection of 15 ml(35 ug/ml)medical ozone in the first week,25 mg sodium hyaluronate in the second week and repeated 15 ml(35 ug/ml)medical ozone in the third week.The patients in group B were treated with intra-articular injection of 15 ml medical ozone once a week for 3 weeks.The patients in group C were treated with intra-articular injection of 25 mg sodium hyaluronate once a week for 5 weeks.VAS score and clinical results of the three groups were recorded and compared preoperatively and at 1,2 and 3 months postoperatively.[Results]The VAS score of three groups were signifcantely reduced after treatment(P0.01),with the pain relieved most obviously in group A.The result showed statistical significance between group A and the other two control groups(P0.05,P0.01).The excellent and good rate of knee function in group A was higher than those in the other two control groups.The difference had statistical significance(P0.05,P0.01).No serious adverse or side effects were found in all patients.[Conclusion]The pain was relieved and the articular movement was improved obviously in patients with knee osteoarthritis treated with medical ozone combined with sodium hyaluronate.The clinical effect was superior to that of ozone or sodium hyaluronate used alone.Medical ozone combined with sodium hyaluronate is a better method for knee osteoarthritis.


We present a quantum cascade laser emitting around 2.9 THz, based on a new hybrid plasmonic waveguide design. The resultant optical mode provides a performance commensurate with a metal-metal waveguide, while improving the far-field pattern.


Noninvasive testing for patency and completeness of the palmar arch prior to radial artery (RA) harvesting for coronary revascularization is a frequently requested test in the Vascular Laboratory (VL). The sonographer and interpreting physician must be aware of palmar arch anatomy and common variations in order to provide accurate information and avoid hand ischemia. The RA is a favored conduit for coronary revascularization due to good early and mid-term patency rates, which are superior to vein grafts.1 Cardiac surgeons need precise information on adequate ulnar artery (UA) collateral circulation prior to harvesting the RA to avoid hand ischemia. Since the reliability of the Allen's test is in dispute, noninvasive assessment in the VL is frequently utilized.


The composition and performance of J-208 anaerobic adhesive were introduced in this paper. Many metal such as aluminum,stainless steel,zinc alloy,magnesium alloy etc could be bonded effectively. The anaerobic adhesive is good resistance to heat-low temperature, wet-heat and salt spraying.


The concept of a μ-algebra for an equational theory T = 〈Ω, E〉 was introduced in [10]. If the underlying set of a T-algebra is a complete lattice and if the operations from Ω preserve the partial order, the existence of least and greatest fix-points makes it possible to interpret μ-terms, which are derived from the primitive ones in Ω by substitution and by two formal operations of taking fixpoints. More generally, if a partial order is definable by means of the operations and relations of T, as it is the case for the theory of lattices, the least and greatest fix-points can be axiomatised by means of implications between equations; in this abstract way we define a theory μ-T and a corresponding quasivariety of μ-T-algebras. It is well known fact that the investigation of free μ-T-algebras is equivalent to the investigation of the theory, at least if we are concerned with the equations which are satisfied in every model.


654 Background: The addition of adjuvant (ADJ) paclitaxel to N+ BC has been evaluated in 2 large randomized studies. NSABP B28 was first presented in NOV-2000. No survival benefit was reported. In MAY-1998 CALGB 9344 was reported and showed a significant survival advantage associated with the addition of paclitaxel; but no significant survival advantage on reanalysis in NOV-2000. Ultimately, a significant survival advantage re-emerged on analysis in MAY-2002. We evaluated variations in ADJ taxane (TAX) at multiple academic centers associated with these dates. Methods: Using the NCCN BC Outcomes Database, we analyzed rates and determinants of ADJ TAX use for N+ stage 2 BC at 8 NCCN institutions between JUL-1997 and MAY-2003. The analysis was restricted to patients (pts) who received non-protocol treatment, and to those institutions contributing >10 eligible pts during each time period. Variables significant at p≤0.2 in univariable analysis were examined in a multivariable (MV) logistic regression model. Th...


Based on analysising the situation of layout and traffic operation of the Suzhou HeQiao,based on the development tendency and the traffic demand,this paper puts forward new bridges.According to the urban development,road grade,the function of bridge,this paper puts forward the function structure division.


The early postoperative results of pancreatoduodenectomy performed in our institute during the last 20 years were reviewed, dividing the cases into two groups, from 1970 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1989. Among a total of 136 pancreatoduodenctomies, 52 were performed in the earlier decade and 84 in the latter decade. Patients were significantly older in the latter than in the earlier decade. In the earlier decade, postoperative complications developed in 28.8% of the patients with a 19.2% overall mortality rate. In the latter decade, the complications occurred in 27.4% with a 6.0% mortality rate. There was a significant decrease in overall mortality rate between the two decades. The most common complication was the dehiscence of pancreatojejunostmy, but life-threatening major leakage was decreased. It was considered that recent improvements in surgical techniques and intraoperative and perioperative management contributed to the improvement of the results of this procedure. However, continuing efforts are needed to reduce the morbidity rate, which remains high.


Actions that ensure the quality of a survey are taken prior and posterior the conduction of the survey. Prior decisions have to be made e.g. about the most appropriate frame, the interview mode, the design of the questionnaire, furthermore interviewer have to be trained, software and hardware must be prepared and so on. After the survey the data are validated with respect to a predefined set of rules. For inquiry and verification of given or missed answers interviewees are contacted.


Why is thermalisation a universal phenomenon? How does a quantum system reach thermodynamical equilibrium? These questions are not new, dating even from the very birth of quantum theory and have been the subject of a renewed interest over the two last decades (see for instance the review in Eisert et al, Nature Physics 2015). In this work, we propose a universal model demonstrating that thermalisation of a small quantum system is an emergent property of the unitary evolution under a Schrodinger equation of a larger composite system, whose initial state can be arbitrary. We show that the origin of universality lies in the phenomenon of 'measure concentration', which provides self-averaging properties for the reduced density matrix characterizing the state of the small subsystem. Using our framework, we focus on the asymptotic state at long times and consider its stationary properties. In typical macroscopic conditions, we recover the canonical state and the Boltzmann distribution well known from statistical thermodynamics. This findings lead us to propose an alternative and more general definition of the canonical partition function which also allow us to describe non thermal stationary states.


Background  The sexual lives of people with intellectual disability is made complex by the involvement and influence of social service providers, whose beliefs and values have a great impact on the support they provide. We hypothesized that social service providers' role, educational level and service in which they worked could affect attitudes towards the sexual behaviour of individuals with intellectual disability.

Materials and methods  The current study describes attitudes of social service providers towards the sexuality of individuals with disability measured by 20 items of Sexuality and Mental Retardation Attitudes Inventory (SMRAI). This instrument was devised by Brantlinger [Mental Retardation (1983) Vol. 21, pp. 17–22] to assess the attitudes of the staff employed by organizations that supplied services to individuals with intellectual disability. Specifically, analysis of variance (type of service × professional role × education) was performed on participants' scores.

Results  Results suggested that the social service providers participating in this research study tended to have moderately liberal attitudes. Educational level and role carried out did not produce differences in their attitudes. A significant difference emerged between those who operated in different services. It was especially the staff of the outpatient treatment services who revealed the most liberal and positive attitudes towards the sexuality of individuals with intellectual disability.

Conclusions  The data reported in the present study seem to underline some differences between the data collected from the Italian and the Anglo-Saxon social service providers. Failure to record influences associated with the role carried out and previous training could be related to the different contextual differences. Results suggest that particular attention should be paid to the training of those who hold managerial posts in Italian residential services.


Supplementing folic acid intake during early pregnancy has been clearly shown to decrease the risk for neural tube defects, but folic acid's effect on other birth defects is less certain. Researchers examined whether folic acid supplementation reduced the incidence of facial clefts in Norway, a country that has one of the highest rates of this malformation in Europe and that does not …


As an indispensable technique in addition to the field of \emph{Information Retrieval}, \emph{Ontology based Retrieval System} (or Browsing Hierarchy) has been well studied and developed both in academia and industry. However, most of current systems suffer the following problems: (1) Constructing the mappings between documents and concepts in ontology requires the training of robust hierarchical classifiers, it's difficult to build such classifiers for large-scale documents corpus due to the time-efficiency and precision issues. (2) The traditional Browsing Hierarchical System ignores the distribution of documents over concepts, which is not realistic when a large number of documents distributed biasly on certain concepts. Browsing documents such concepts becomes time-consuming and unpractical for users. Therefore, further splitting these concepts into sub-categories is necessary and critical for organizing documents in the browsing system. Aiming at building the Hierarchical Browsing System more realistically and accurately, we propose an adpative Hierarchical Browsing System framework in this paper, which is designed to build a Browsing Hierarchy for $CiteSeer^x$. In this framework, we first investigate the supervised learning approaches to classify documents into existing predefined concepts of ontology and compare their performance on different datasets of $CiteSeer^x$. Then, we give a empirical analysis of unsupervised learning methods for adding new clusters to the existing browsing hierarchy. Experimental analysis on $CiteSeer^x$ corpus shows the effectiveness and the efficiency of our method.


Abstract While stylistic and thematic tendencies associated with postmodernism in the last two decades in the fields of literature, the visual arts, philosophy and social theory are also a striking feature of recent music culture, music critics, historians and composers have been reluctant to embrace the postmodern label or to confront aesthetic, cultural and philosophical issues that have become identified more widely in the arts with postmodernism. This essay introduces a collaborative research project by a musicologist and cultural theorist who examine critical reception of the works of Australian composer Matthew Hindson in order to test the hypothesis that a combination ofignorance of, and hostility toward, postmodern theory is hampering both the critical reception and the academic study of important trends in contemporary Australian art music.


Effects of copolymer composition on morphology and electrooptical properties of polymer/liquid crystal (LC) (40/60 w/w) composite films were studied with styrene-co-acrylonitrile (SAN) of varying acrylonitrile (AN) content (6.3–35 wt %) and a cyanobiphenyl-type liquid crystal (E8). The dimension of the LC domain in the composite film decreased with increase of AN content of SAN up to 30 and increased at 35 wt %. The contact angle of the film with an LC drop showed a similar trend; however, its minimum was obtained at 24% AN. Threshold voltage (Vth) and rise time (τR) increased, and decay time (τD) decreased with AN content up to 30%, and the tendency is reversed at 35%. The results were interpreted in terms of, possibly, a solubility parameter matching between SAN and LC. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


A direct and environmental friendly synthesis method was developed to produce acetylacetone functionalized TiO2 semiconducting nanoparticle by hydrothermal synthesis. Photoinduced interaction between surface functionalized TiO2 semiconducting nanoparticles and Ceanothus thyrsiflorus dyes have been investigated. Ceanothus thyrsiflorus dye was observed as good sensitizers for TiO2 nanoparticles. The charge transfer interaction between dye and semiconducting nanoparticles was studied by UVVIS and FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and Fluorescence spectroscopic measurements. The adsorption of dye on TiO2 surface leads to increase in optical density as well as quenching of the emission intensity of the dye molecules. Spectroscopic data was used to calculate apparent association constant (Kapp) between dye and nanoparticles. The electron transfer from excited state dye to the conduction band of nano TiO2 is attributable towards quenching of dye.


This paper suggested a conceptual model of user engagement for mobile based augmented reality (AR) games. Literature revealed the importance of user engagement for defining a successful technology application such as game. However, user engagement in particular is still not clearly studied for the mobile augmented reality games area. This paper critically reviewed the relations of user engagement elements in the mobile augmented reality game and guidelines that related to engagement for such type of games. It then recommended eight attributes of user engagement conceptual model for mobile based augmented reality games that can be used by game designer to design engaging mobile AR games for the industry and future AR engagement research.


The Toxic Oil Syndrome epidemic that occurred in Spain in 1981 and affected nearly 20,000 people was caused by ingestion of oil mixtures that contained analine-denatured rapeseed oil. To date, an animal model in which to identify the actual etiologic agents(s) and to investigate the pathogenesi s of the disease has not been discovered. In this study, the MRL/lpr was used to assess the histopathological response of 3 "toxic oils" and 3 metals. The oils tested were a denatured rapeseed oil collected from a family who were affected by the Toxic Oil Syndrome epidemic in Spain (CO756) plus two synthesized oils (RSD and RSA). Female mice, 7 weeks of age, received an undiluted (neat) or a 1:10 diluted dose of each oil; mercury (50 ppm), cadmium (100 ppm), or lead (50 ppm). Half of each group was killed after 5 weeks of exposure and the remaining mice after 10 weeks of exposure. Body and organ weights (liver, kidney, thymus, and spleen) were recorded and selected organs were collected for histopathology. Ten weeks after treatment, body weights (BW) of the cadmium and lead groups were signifi cantly suppressed, and the body weight of the CO756-neat group was signifi cantly increased compared to their respective controls. Kidney/BW were decreased in the RSA-neat and RSA 1:10 groups after 10 weeks of exposure, and the kidney/BW in the mercury and cadmium groups were increased. Spontaneous development (12 weeks of age) and progression (17 weeks of age) of histopathological lesions are described for selected organs examined in the naïve mice as are changes that resulted from exposure to the "toxic oils" and metals. CO756-neat, mercury, and lead suppressed progression of the glomerulonephriti s that normally occurs in the MRL/lpr mouse. Also of interest were lesions that included mononuclear cuffi ng of hepatic bile ducts, progression of the granuloma s that formed in the renal glomeruli, vessels in the lymphoid organs that contained tightly packed lymphocytes, and the presence of plasma cells in the thymus. All 3 oils stimulated early development of the lymphoproliferative syndrome characteristic of the MRL/lpr mouse as demonstrated by an increase in the thymus/BW and spleen/BW ratios after 5 weeks of treatment. These data contribute to our knowledge of spontaneou s disease progression in the thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and kidneys in the MRL/lpr mouse and the effects of 3 different "toxic oils" and metals on the development and progression of those lesions.


Undergraduate women aremore likely than their male peers to leave engineeringmajors because they do not feel that they belong in the engineering classroom. The growth of university makerspaces provides a potential opportunity to establish newpatterns of interactions that provide female studentswith a sense of community. Butwe cannot realize this potential to retain female engineering majors, due to our limited understanding of their sense of community in these new university makerspaces. A critical examination of how females experience community within makerspaces through an equity lens is needed to identify what interventions are needed to facilitate the successful participation of a diverse student body.During a 13-month qualitative study, we performed 27 interviews with undergraduate female university engineering students and leaders of university makerspaces and engaged in participant observation of university and independent makerspaces to identify ways to support and limit a sense of community among female students. Our findings inform design principles for university makerspaces to support a sense of community including supporting project assessment, member assessment, perspective taking, signals of approachability, structured help-seeking, and credentialing. Theoretically, we contribute an emergent framework for understanding what mechanisms undergraduate women take into account when evaluating their sense of community in makerspaces.


The Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) provides the first opportunity for measurement of surface elevation hi over the portions of the Antarctic ice shelves that are south of the European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellite maximum latitude (81.5°S). The dominant source of short‐period variability in hi is ocean tides. We use crossover elevation difference (Δhi) data from the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) to demonstrate ICESat's ability to detect the tidal signal, and to compare the accuracy of several tide models. The root‐mean‐square (rms) value of all RIS measurements of Δhi is ≈0.74 m; after removing the tide using the most accurate model, the rms of the residual signal in regions of optimal model performance is ≈0.16 ± 0.03 m. This value corresponds to an uncertainty in hi of 0.11 ± 0.02 m. We postulate that the primary sources of the residual signal are tide model errors and the inverse barometer effect.


1. Symmetries in quantum mechanics 2. Elements of group theory 3. Linear representations of a group 4. Permutation group Sn 5. Lie groups 6. The orthogonal group 7. The Poincare group and the Lorenz group 8. Unitary groups 9. Gauge groups 10. Multiquark systems Appendix A: Conservation Laws Appendix B: The rearrangement theorem, Schur's lemmas and the orthogonality theorem Appendix C: Invariant Integration Appendix D: Dimension of an SU(n) irrep


ABSTRACT Two new species of eriophyid mites in the tribe Anthocoptini from northern Iran were described and illustrated in this paper. Aculus carpitulus sp. nov. and Heterotergum sariensis sp. nov. were collected from Carpinus betulus L. (Betulaceae) and Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey., 1831 (Fagaceae), respectively, in Sari County, Mazandaran Province, North of Iran. No symptoms were observed on the infested host plants. Heterotergum sariensis sp. nov. is the first Heterotergum species from plants of the family Fagaceae in the world. Keys to worldwide Heterotergum and to Aculus species associated with Betulaceae plants are provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:60D88388-8C22-484C-A829-21B172427CB6 http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:24022049-D302-4EBF-B1F3-A78B71F8014D http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFEA3BBD-0196-4213-80FA-7652A67936D6


In the new world order that has begun to be restructured, how national identities will be carried out together and how differences will be transformed into benefits, instead of problems has become a very important issue in terms of ensuring peace and prosperity in every society. The USA realized that they could no longer pursue the understanding of Americanism, based on a single American identity. America, where many different cultures live, has inevitably had to follow a policy which respects every culture and is based on cultural pluralism. In contrast to cultural diversity in the USA, it is possible to point out that racism, which did not stop under Obama, was endured with Trump's presidential process among the different positions of low-income black and minority societies. In this study, the question of whether new president of USA, Joe Biden is going to attempt to vary the otherization policy for the minority societies and immigrants which was maintained in the process of Trump's presidency, or not is aimed to be made out, by analyzing the news about the minority societies and immigrants in CNN (USA) throughout two months, December, 2020 and January, 2021 though the discourse analysis method.


Recent high-cadence transient surveys and rapid follow-up observations indicate that some massive stars may dynamically lose their own mass within decades before supernovae (SNe). Such a mass-loss forms "confined" circumstellar medium (CSM); a high-density material distributed only within a small radius (≲1015 cm with the mass-loss rate of 0.01 ∼ 10−4 M⊙ yr−1). While the SN shock should trigger particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification in the "confined" CSM, synchrotron emission may be masked in centimeter wavelengths due to free–free absorption; the millimeter range can, however, be a potential new window. We investigate the time evolution of synchrotron radiation from the system of a red supergiant surrounded by the "confined" CSM, relevant to typical Type II-P SNe. We show that synchrotron millimeter emission is generally detectable, and that the signal can be used as a sensitive tracer of the nature of the "confined" CSM; it traces different CSM density parameter space than in the optical. Furthermore, our simulations show that the "confined" CSM efficiently produces secondary electrons and positrons through proton inelastic collisions, which can become main contributors to the synchrotron emission in several ten days since the SN. We predict that the synchrotron emission is detectable by ALMA, and suggest that it will provide a robust evidence of the existence of the "confined" CSM.


The seismic data is of low signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio in JR area due to the complex subsurface structures. Although research of seismic survey technology has been carried out for many years, desired results have not been achieved yet. This paper describes the joint reflection and refraction exploration performed in the area. With intensive research and test, a suite of data acquisition and processing methods and an integration workflow of data acquisition, processing, and interpretation have been developed, which leads to improvement of S/N ratio for the acquired data and clear images of subsurface structures.


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses the magnetic properties of tissues to create a high resolution image, taken in any anatomical plane. The use of MRI in equine diagnostics is still in its infancy, but the technique has great potential in the investigation of many equine diseases, especially diseases of the foot. Conventional imaging modalities, including radiography, diagnostic ultrasonography and nuclear scintigraphy, have significant limitations in assessing the structures within the foot. Magnetic resonance imaging, on the other hand, can provide 3-dimensional images of the entire foot, including both osseous and soft tissue structures. There have been a small number of studies describing the use of MRI in the evaluation of foot pain (Denoix et al. 1993; Whitton et al. 1998; Widmer et al. 2000; Dyson et al. 2003); these reports demonstrate the potential for use of the modality in lameness diagnosis. A study of the correlation between MRI images with histological sections confirmed that all of the anatomical structures in the equine digit can be evaluated by MRI (Kleiter et al. 1999). Conventional open and cylindrical human MRI scanners necessitate general anaesthesia in order to scan the horse's leg. A MRI system for use in the standing sedated equine patient has recently become available (Mair et al. 2003). It incorporates an open, mobile, 0.2T magnet and a radiofrequency coil that fits around the foot. This system was recently installed at our clinic, and since June 2002 over 300 horses have been scanned in the unit. While both the system and imaging protocols are still under refinement, it has already been particularly beneficial in identifying soft tissue lesions within the foot. Penetrating foot wounds are a common clinical presentation. Standard investigative procedures of these lesions make use of synoviocentesis and contrast radiography (arthrography, bursography and/or fistulography) to assess synovial (navicular bursa, distal interphalangeal joint and digital tendon sheath) involvement. To date, there has been no universally reliable method of assessing damage to many of the other soft tissue structures within the foot, particularly the deep digital flexor tendon. Diagnostic ultrasonography of the region, performed through the frog and distal pastern, can be helpful but is technically difficult and yields limited information. Previously, those horses that had suffered penetrating wounds which did not recover as predicted may have been assumed to have suffered undiagnosed synovial involvement or tendon/soft tissue damage. Accurate diagnosis and prognosis were therefore hampered by uncertainty. This case series discusses 3 horses with unresolved lameness following penetrating foot wounds. MRI studies revealed deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) lesions, presumed to have occurred at the time of the original penetration.


Influenced by various kinds of subjective and objective factors,as a mother tongue of higher education,college Chinese has been kept in embarrassment for a long time.Rallying college Chinese becomes the focus of discussion in the recent years.Making its position and aim clear,college Chinese should advance with the times,update its teaching conception,strengthen its reform of teaching content and method and build up a team of good teachers for it,changing it into an important course for improving the students' quality of mother tongue and carrying out cultural quality education of university.


The aim is to sum up the characteristics of nursing management of aircrew department of our hospital.The measures can ensure hospitalized aircrews healthy and flight safe that strengthening safety administration,perfecting the clinical nursing procedure,improving service abilities,establishing the aviation nursing that takes health education and psychological nursing as leading factor.


Microgravity surveys demand high precision measurements, despite the sometimes hostile field survey conditions, which include physical shocks and vibration, ambient temperature gradients, station instability due to natural or man-made sources, and atmospheric pressure variations. In addition to the requirement for a high level of environmental tolerance, it is desirable, for certain applications that the microgravimeter should cover a very broad range of gravity (hopefully world-wide), without the need for reset. Any reset mechanism requires extensive calibration, and may introduce errors as well. The challenge to a manufacturer of gravimeters for microgravity surveys is to design and produce an instrument which can provide 1 μGal resolution, and a standard deviation (STD) of individual measurements of better than 5 μGal, but be robust enough to function well under the usual harsh environmental conditions listed above. The CG-3M is the only field portable relative gravimeter which matches all of these features. The process of independent evaluation by end users and ultimate publication of their findings is a multi-year one. It is the objective of this paper to report on the status of the Scintrex CG-3M microgravimeter in respect of this process. In the course of so doing we will provide some details of various applications of this gravimeter, both novel and somewhat more traditional. Following applications were mentioned and the references given for the papers in which the results were published:


Among the most crucial methods for denoising a noisy voice signal and enhancing its quality is speech enhancement. This study makes use of Adaptive Residual Neural Network technique to reduces maximum off background noise. This method continuously monitors the background noise depends upon the environmental changes using SNR parameter. It has two functions first one is non linear functions followed by convolutional neural networks and second one is linearity followed due to Residual neural networks. By using these factors remove background noise even SNR is low conditions. Compared to other techniques this technique is new,fastest, requires less training and also reduces size.


The oil in Fructus Arctii(the dried fruits of Arctium lappa L.) was extracted with ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction(UMSE) method and the extraction parameters were optimized.The possible extraction mechanisms were made according to the scanning electron micrograph(SEM) of fructus arctii.The optimum extraction conditions for UMSE were that fructus arctii were treated with microwave(303 W) for 213 s with solvent-to-material ratio at 10.1:1(ml/g),and the yield was 19.334% under such conditions.The crack of cell wall and the disruption of tissue structure was caused by cavitation effect and mechanical effect of ultrasound and thermal effect of microwave,and could be the mechanisms for the high oil yield of UMSE.Compared with other extraction techniques,UMSE exhibited higher yield and shorter extraction time.


In this article the author loons at political security as a principal item in the system of the Kyrgyz Republic national security. General interpretation of such concepts as «national and political security» is given, the current situation and existing threats for safety of Kyrgyzstan described, interdependence of political security with other components of national security revealed. The author defines the significant role of political stability as a political security guarantee.


Air-operated actuators have its merits that are safety, lightweight, high torque, robustness, and low cost comparing to electrical or magnetic actuators. However, the pneumatic actuator requires own control valve for introducing and releasing compressed air to drive the actuators. We designed and fabricated an integrated microvalve system for pneumatic actuators, which uses normally closed valve. Miniaturizing pneumatic control system enables robotics drive system that is combined lightweight and high power. Employing normally closed valves low power consumption. The system can control (m*n) outputs with (m+n) solenoid valves. The prototype device that is regulated by 8 solenoid valves controls independent 16 outputs.


For several decades Concrete are experiencing a remarkable evolution of views rheological and mechanical behavior. All this is progress have been achieved thorough knowledge of the properties of the constituents (sand, gravel, cement). It is in that context to our work fits by evaluating experimentally the influence of cement content and W / C ratio, the G / S ratio, the maximum diameter of aggregates and cleanliness and the size grading of aggregates on compressive strength. The results are encouraging to new prospects in the continuity of the work.


With the increase of elderly people in our country, this population is worrying even more about their health and well-being. The objective of this research was to identify the characterization variables of the groups and to compare the functional capacity of pre and post intervention elderly through resistance training and aerobic training. In this study, the population consisted of elderly individuals aged between 60 and 74 years old, of both sexes practicing and not practicing activities or physical exercises. The sample consisted of (n = 42) individuals divided into two groups as follows: G1 Experimental Group n = 20 Resistance Training practitioners and G2 - Experimental Group n = 22 Aerobic Training practitioners. For comparison between groups, the Kruscall Wallis test was applied, the significance level adopted between the tests was (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Through comparisons of the functional capacity of the elderly before and after the intervention, it was observed in the present study that the aerobic and resistance training improves the functional capacity of the elderly participants of the research.


Objective To study the relationship of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ receptor(IGF-ⅠR)and carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.Methods The expression of IGF-ⅠR was detected in 40 cases of resected gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal gastric mucosa by immunohistochemistry.The expression of IGF-ⅠR in gastric cancer cell lines(MGC803 and SGC7901)was detected by Western Blot.siRNAs targeted to IGF-ⅠR were designed,synthesized and transfected into MGC803 cells,the changes of IGF-IR protein level were detected by Western Blot at 48 h after transfection,the cell proliferation was examined by MTT,and then the growth curve was obtained.Results The positive rate of IGF-IR expression in gastric cancer tissues was 75.5%,significantly higher than that of adjacent normal tissues (25%,P<0.01).The expression level of IGF-IR was related with TNM stage,lymphnode metastasis (P<0.05),but not related with sex,age,histological differentiation,invasion depth of gastric cancer (P>0.05).Intense expression of IGF-ⅠR was showed in gastric cancer cell lines.The inhibition ratio of IGF-ⅠR expression in sigNAl group were 89.80%±4.10%,the cell proliferation decreased to mininlunl level at the fifth day aftertransfection(by 29.0%±4.0%of mock-treated group),the cell number decreased by 21.15%±1.10%of mock treated group at the same time.Conclusions IGF-ⅠR is over-expressed in gastric cancer cells and can be effectively silenced by RNA interferes,therefore the growth of tmnor cell Was inhibited.Thus,it indicates that IGF-ⅠR may be a promising target for gene therapy of gastric cancer.

Key words:
Gastric neoplasms; Insulin-like growth factors-Ⅰ receptor; RNA interference


A (smooth) foliation F of a smooth manifold M is a partition of M complete, connected, immersed submanifolds (leaves) of the same dimension such that for all x ∈M , there exists a distinguished neighborhood N of x such that N ∼= R×R, where each R×{u} corresponds to a subset (called a plaque) of a leaf. The set F is the collection of leaves, and L = TF ⊆ TM denotes the tangent bundle to F . Further, there is a compatibility condition on the overlaps: the transition functions φij : R × R take the form φij (x, y) = ( φij (x, y) , φ 2 ij (y) )


Flight Data Recorders (FDRs) are readily available in the market, to be used on the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for onboard data recording. They have their own inbuilt sensors and characteristics and can be easily placed within the cockpit of the UAV. However, they have umpteen drawbacks. They do not have sufficient sampling rate for rapid and accurate flight automation, are either very bulky, or do not incorporate some of the necessary sensors required for post-flight analysis and are very costly. Hence, the need arises where the FDR needs to be designed to suit the requirements. We go about designing one such FDR. Our FDR incorporates a MicroStrain's 3DM- GX1 Gyro Enhanced Orientation Sensor, a Texas Instrument's GPS module and four servo motors each controlling the rudder, elevator, ailerons. The data from these devices are interpolated to increase the sampling rate and are simultaneously stored into a Secure Digital (SD) / Micro Memory Card (MMC) during the flight of the UAV. Greater sampling rates allow more rapid and accurate flight automation. SD/MMC cards allow faster and efficient data retrieval for post flight processing. Our FDR is designed to be compact, cheap and overcomes most of the drawbacks mentioned above. Therefore, we call this FDR as Smart Data Recorder(SDR).


A novel dimmable electronic ballast system that is compatible with standard incandescent lamp dimmer is proposed in this paper for dimming compact fluorescent lamps (CFL). The proposed electronic ballast features high power factor throughout the entire dimming range even under the operation with incandescent phase-cut dimmer. The electronic ballast power circuit in the proposed system is a single switch circuit that consists of an integrated SEPIC converter to achieve high power factor at the input. The proposed dimming controller uses the phase angle of the dimmer as the input feedforward parameter and controls the switch of the power circuit using duty ratio control at the same time. As a result, a wide range of light output can be controlled without adjusting a wide range of phase angle from the phase-cut dimmer. Experimental results are given on a 18W CFL from Sylvania to verify with the proposed concept.


Abstract The dynamic behaviour of tetramethylethylene diamine (TMEDA) ligands in three organometallic complexes, dimeric phenyllithium, [Li(tmeda)μ-Ph]2 (1), lithium cyclopentadienide, [Li(tmeda)]C5H5 (2), and dilithium naphthalendiide, trans-[Li(tmeda)]2C10H8 (3), has been studied by CP/MAS 13C and 15N as well as 7Li MAS NMR spectroscopy of powdered samples. Two dynamic processes with free activation enthalpies of 40 and 68 kJ mol-1, respectively, were detected for 1. The first one can be assigned to ring inversion of the five-membered Li-TMEDA rings, while the second is caused by a complete rotation of the TMEDA ligands or a ring inversion of the central four-membered C-Li-C-Li metallacycle. Fast rotation of the ligands on the NMR time scale was found for 2, while 3 shows 180° ring flips of the Li-TMEDA groups, which are characterized by an energy barrier ΔG" (317) of 64 kJ mol-1


With the boost of smart meter installations, the technical difficulties for demand response (DR) have been overcome a lot. For years, numerous DR programs have been in operation to enhance the system reliability. Meanwhile, some DR programs run on the profit of participating the power market, like arbitraging between the wholesale market and the retail market in regions with a deregulated power market. In this paper, the business model for DR aggregators under deregulated markets is revisited for comparison. The business models under regulated markets are then proposed targeting three different power dispatch modes: economic dispatch, energy-saving dispatch and open and impartial dispatch. Numerical cases are calculated to test if the utility can make profit through the proposed models. Furthermore, the influence of implementing such models on the system is analysed.


An investigation into rule-based computer-mediated petformance of music is described. Representative publications of salient research at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and ancillary research at other institutes is presented and discussed. A critical analysis is given of the specific publications discussed and of the literature in general. Based on the critical analysis, fifteen research goals for original work in the field are identified and stated. The research goals for experimental work include the use of several petformance rules simultaneously, the inclusion of several factors in the experimental design and analysis of results that were not previously considered in the literature, the use of a large sample population and the use of both musically trained and musically untrained subjects. Two experiments are reported on that determine levels of rule-based computer generated musical expression in computer-mediated performances of orchestral opera repertoire. Five of the Sundberg Petformance Rules are used in the two experiments. The first experiment specifically investigates implementation quantities of the rules. The second experiment investigates the acceptability of musical excerpts processed with implementation levels of the rules determined in the first experiment. The term 'Petformance Quality Tests' (PQT) is coined and defined to describe the tests in the second experiment. Empirical results regarding implementation levels of the rules and discernment of petformed musical expression within a defined sample population are given. A large data-base of the experimental results is made available for further research.


An experiment was conducted to study the effects of two levels of citric acid (CA) on the performance and the utilization of phosphorous and crude protein in broiler chickens fed on rice by-products based diets. Growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not significantly affected by the inclusion of citric acid. pH of the contents of the crop was 5.1, 4.8 and 4 in control, 1% citric and 2% citric diets fed birds, respectively. Though not significant, 2% dietary citric acid increased the feed intake and thus resulted in poor FCR. Toe ash percentage was significantly (p<0.05) increased by 2% citric acid. Though not significant, mineral retention was also improved by 2% dietary citric acid. Orthogonal contrast between control and citric acid given diets showed that dietary citric acid increased the digestibility of crud protein and crud fibre and dressing percentage. It is hypothesized that citric acid serves as proton donor for phytic acid and thus prevents the formation of insoluble complexes. Being an organic acid, citric acid may weaken the structure of CF thus making CP and phytate associated with them more susceptible for enzymatic digestion.


1. Mr Taft rehabilitates the court 2. The rule of reason 3. The fate of social legislation, 1910-14 4. Appointment cycles 5. The fate of social legislation, 1914-21: federal 6. The fate of social legislation, 1914-21: state 7. Federal administration and the federal specialties 8. The heyday of Jim Crow 9. The Peonage cases: the Supreme Court and the 'wheel of servitude' 10. Black disenfranchisement from the KKK to the Grandfather Clause.


Nowadays, the research is being devoted to the development of rapid and precise maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for various photovoltaic (PV) applications. However, the constraints imposed by size, cost, efficiency, and tracking performances essentially limit the application of conventional MPPT techniques and their analysis methodologies. This study recommends a fast and robust analogue PV MPPT for the battery charging system using dc-dc boost converter. The fast dynamic performances with absolute robustness are ensured here by fast-scale stability analysis of actually switched boost converter using the concepts based on non-linear dynamics and bifurcation theory. Such concepts not only provide the information to design an efficient MPPT system under rapidly changing environmental conditions but also guarantee the system to operate either in period-1 or chaotic mode. The theoretical and mathematical analyses are experimentally verified using a prototype PV battery charging system utilising dc-dc boost converter. It is presented that operating the MPPT system in chaos not only yields the broader power spectrum with reduced spectral peaks at the multiples of converter's switching frequency but also exhibits high overall conversion efficiency.


Abstract Lymphoma has become the seventh most common cancer expected to occur and the ninth most common cause of cancer death in both males and females. However, pathological diagnosis as the main diagnostic method is time-consuming, expensive and error-prone. Nowadays, with the outstanding performance of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in image analysis, its application in medical image classification and segmentation is becoming more and more widespread. Since Faster R-CNN achieves state-of-the-art object detection accuracy on PASCAL VOC 2007, 2012, and MS COCO datasets, in this work, we use it to identify lymphoma cells from a dataset of blood cells. In order to achieve this goal, first, we focus on a new blood cell dataset that mainly consists of lymphoma cells, blasts and lymphocytes. This dataset will be used to fine-tune a pre-trained network. Then, we use two training methods and three networks to train the same dataset respectively. Finally, we choose the best trained model to diagnose lymphoma cells in a new dataset which also contains lymphoma cells, blasts and lymphocytes. The detection rate of lymphoma cells was higher than 96%, and the false detection rate was less than 13%, which is an improvement compared with the previously proposed results. The results show a potential of the proposed method in lymphoma diagnosis.


ronchogenic cysts are fluidor air-filled cysts arising from the primitive foregut, lined with respiratory epithelium, and usually located adjacent to the tracheobronchial tree or within pulmonary parenchyma (1). They comprised 7.5% of all mediastinal masses in one large pediatric surgical study and literature review (2). The cyst may be an asymptomatic finding, a focus of recurrent pulmonary infection, or a cause of life-threatening airway obstruction (3-8). Patients may present a diagnostic dilemma because of these variable symptoms and the wide range in age at presentation (1,6,9-11). The anesthetic management of such patients is not well-defined. Theoretical concerns have been voiced about the possibility of tension pneumothorax with positive pressure ventilation and/or increasing cyst size with the use of nitrous oxide (12,13). A 13-yr review of 24 cases at one institution was undertaken to better delineate the perioperative outcome of these patients.


A floristic analysis of the grass species assemblages of the Licuati Forest and Maputo Elephant Reserves south of Maputo Bay, Mozambique, is presented. Sampling of grass data was undertaken in six previously described, major vegetation types. TWINSPAN divisions distinguished grass assemblages that are characteristic for these major vegetation types of the study area. The results were supported by an Indirect Gradient Analysis. Further TWINSPAN divisions of a larger Maputaland data set indicated a floristic relationship between grass assemblages of similar major vegetation types in the study area and South Africa. This relationship was supported by high similarity values (> 65%), obtained with Sorenson's Coefficient. The coefficient also indicated varying degrees of similarity between grass assemblages of different major vegetation types within the study area. A rich diversity of 115 grass species and infraspecific taxa was recorded for the study area. The Chloridoideae and Panicoideae dominate the grass diversity and the genera with the most species include Eragrostis , Panicum and Digitaria . Most grass species in the study area are perennials and have a tufted growth form, but this varies considerably between vegetation types.


A mathematical description of the data reduction technique used in analyzing Voyager calibration data is presented. To achieve the required telecommunication link performance, highly accurate pointing of the Voyager high gain antenna boresight relative to earth is necessary. To provide the optimum pointing, in-flight calibrations of the high gain antenna pointing mechanism are regularly made, and the design of the calibration and the antenna error models is delineated. It is shown that due to the use of wide angle sun sensors for celestial attitude control, the Voyager antenna error model differs from those of previous missions. Results of the in-flight calibrations and their implementation in improving the antenna pointing are also presented.


This research investigates the usefulness for financial analysts of segment information disclosed by European intermediate-size companies reporting under IFRS. While most studies on segment information usefulness focus on the consensus aggregated from financial analysts' forecasts for blue-chip companies, our study contributes to the literature by investigating the recommendation reports of financial analysts covering European intermediate-size companies. The study is based on an original, hand-collected database obtained from a sample of 339 analysts' recommendation reports for 146 firms. Our research reveals that though a majority of analysts refer to segment information in their reports, only a few of them use it in their valuation models. Moreover, it also demonstrates that the use of segment information by financial analysts is higher for larger firms than for smaller ones and is not associated with greater forecast accuracy. Hence, our results question the usefulness of segment information disclosures for small firms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


We consider an area minimizing scheme for anisotropic mean curvature flow originally due to Chambolle (2004). We show the convergence of the scheme to anisotropic mean curvature flow in the sense of Hausdorff distance by the level set method provided that no fattening occurs.


The microorganisms causing dried persimmon mildew were isolated and identified.Five genera,Aspergillus,Penicillium,Rhizopus,Mucor and Fusarium were major milden and rot microorganisms.And the conditions of dried persimmon mildew were studied,the results show that temperature,humidity and water content were important conditions of dried persimmon mildew.Sulfuring quantity of 15 g/m3,sulfuring time of 20 min or sulfuring quantity of 20 g/m3,sulfuring time of 10 min,the addition of preservative like potassium sorbate,benzoic acid and sodium benzoate,and the application of vacuum package were effective measures to prevent dried persimmon mildew.


In the Mediterranean Sea, tsunamigenic sources may be found in several areas in the belt running from Gibraltar up to the Black Sea, but they are concentrated mainly around Italy and Greece. Most o...


Abstract The paper consists of three parts. In the introduction and the first part of this paper are given basic theoretical considerations on possible ways for treatment of the neutral point in distribution grids with special reference to the method of neutral grounding of distribution transformers through a low ohmic resistor and a compensation coil. The second part gives the use analysis of a low ohmic resistor and a compensation coil as the future choice of neutral point grounding on the particular distribution grid powered by a substation TS 35/10 kV. In the third part of the paper, the results were obtained using an adequate dynamic distribution model, using the EMTP-ATP software package. Also, in this part, calculations are made for neutral grounding through a low ohmic resistor, a compensation coil, as well as in the case of isolated grids, and a comparison of the obtained values of the overvoltage coefficients.


Background and Purpose. Dotlike hemosiderin spots ongradient‐echo T2*‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain have been histologically diagnosed as old microbleeds associated with small vessel disease (SVD). The authors hypothesize that the presence of many dotHSs may be correlated with the fragility of small vessels and the recurrence of SVD, including lacunar infarction and deep intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods. To investigate how dotHSs are related to past history of SVD, the number of subcortical or deep dotHSs was investigated in 146 patients with lacunar infarctions (95men, 51 women, age 38 to 90 [66.6 ± 9.4] years). They were divided into 2 subgroups according to history of deep ICHs or lacunar infarctions. The odds ratio (OR) for past history was estimated from logistic regression analyses with the number of subcortical or deep dotHSs as well as other factors. Results. Of 146 patients with lacunar infarctions, 11 had past symptomatic ICHs and 19 had past symptomatic lacunar infarctions. An elevated rate of history of ICH was found for lacunar infarction patients with many deep dotHSs (≥3; OR, 9.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–51, P= .015). However, history of lacunar infarction was not significantly associated with the number of subcortical or deep dotHSs. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that many deep dotHSs on T2*‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging may be correlated with deep ICH—lacunar infarction type of SVD recurrence but not lacunar infarction—lacunar infarction type.


On the basis of analyzing static routing algorithm and dynamic routing algorithms, this paper focus on the link state routing of the dynamic routing algorithm, puts forward a more concise routing way in the link state routing. Dijkstra routing algorithm is suitable for calculating the shortest path from one router to other routers, but there are more point-to-point links in the computer network, Floyd routing algorithm is more suitable for calculating the shortest distance between two router, and it is more practical in the computer network.


Dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT) is a relatively recent development in the imaging of gouty arthritis. Its availability and usage have become increasingly widespread in recent years. DECT is a non‐invasive method for the visualisation, characterisation and quantification of monosodium urate crystal deposits which aids the clinician in the early diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of this condition. This article aims to give an up to date review and summary of existing literature on the role and accuracy of DECT in the imaging of gout. Techniques in image acquisition, processing and interpretation will be discussed along with pitfalls, artefacts and clinical applications.


Omission is a special form of "act",thus we shall separately study it because of its complexity.The object of the omission causality is that inherent,essential and bidirectional relationship between the omission and seriously harmful outcome.The power of the causality thereof is the obligation infringed during the possibility.Discussing the omission of the origin and countercheck offers reference to judge the criminal responsibility.


The Society shall not be responsible tor statements or opinions advanced in papers or discussion at meetings of the Society or ot its Misions or Sections, or printed in its publications. Discussion is printed only if the paper is published in an ASME Journal. Authorization to photocopy material tor intemal or personal use under circumstance not fang within the lair use provisions of the Copyright Act is granted by ASME to libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service provided that the base fee of 90.30 per page is paid ellredy to the CCC, 27 Congress Sheet Salem MA 01970. Requests tor special permission or bulk reproduction should be addressed to the ASME Tedinical Puke:4ft Department


Evoked activity of single cells from the auditory cortex of monkeys was examined under two behavior conditions: when the monkey was "attending" to the auditory stimulus and when he was not. Monkeys were trained in a reaction‐time task, in which lights and tones of a fixed duration were randomly presented to the animal. Under one visual cue, the animal was to perform the reaction‐time response only to the tone. Under another visual cue he was to respond only to the light. Thus evoked unit activity to an auditory stimulus was recorded under two conditions: (1) when the animal was responding to that stimulus in a reaction‐time task ("attending") and (2) when the animal was performing in a visual reaction‐time task with a free tone stimulus. For excitatory "on" responses, evoked discharges were consistently greater and occurred with a shorter initial latency in the condition under which the animal was behaviorally responding to the auditory stimulus than when he was not. Quantitative information on the change...


The magnetoresistance (MR) and magnetization of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 films with controllable grain sizes have been studied. Both quantities show differences between their zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) states at low temperatures. The results indicate the coexistence of two types of spin glass phase at and nearby the grain boundaries: one forms a shell of a certain thickness and manifests itself in both MR and magnetization, and the other is nearly volume-less, manifesting itself only in MR.


Objective To study the application of SARIMA model in the analysis of mumps epidemic trends in Hong Kong.Method R software was used in the construction of SARIMA model,and the model was then used in the analyzis of the mumps epidemic data obtained from Hong Kong.Results The SARIMA(2,1,1)×(1,1,1)12 model was found to be suitable in the simulation of mumps epidemic in Hong Kong.The residual was white noise sequence.The average relative error was 17.5% of back substitution assessment,and 16.4% of the forward-looking forecast assessment using the after eight-month data.It showed a rising trend in the number of incidence of mumps throughout the year in 2012 in Hong Kong.Conclusions SARIMA fitted well with the trends of mumps.The authors explored methodology issues on the prediction of mumps.


A method has been developed to measure the time‐resolved, stress‐induced wavelength shift of ruby luminescence under shock loading. Results of experiments at 40 and 99 kbar stresses are presented and compared with high pressure hydrostatic data. A brief discussion of the necessary improvements to obtain high resolution shock data to permit quantitative analysis is presented.


Dry processing of minerals is increasingly attractive in a mining environment where water is a scarce commodity. Sensor-based sorting has the potential to perform dry separation of ore from gangue at an early stage of the processing, also helping to reduce energy consumption due to downstream crushing. In order to develop a sensor-based sorting process, selection of a suitable sensor is of critical importance. In practice, a near infrared sensor can measure characteristic features of carbonate, hydroxyl and water groups contained in minerals and rocks. This paper examines the process of establishing the suitability of a near infrared sensor for distinguishing hydrothermally-formed minerals. It is concluded that characteristic absorption features in near infrared spectra offer a more robust route to separating out minerals than the level of absorption.


(57) Abstract: determining by the location of the mobile unit M in the cellular radio system to determine the timing difference. This timing difference is a feature of the characteristics of the transmission of the control channel of each base station A, B, C, D, E, as measured by the mobile unit. Preferably trait adjustment sample on this property, use this already mobile unit of a cellular system, the signal strength is measured, and informs the handover determination. Four base stations A, B, C, by determining the difference in arrival times of transmissions from D, without previously knowing the actual distance to any of the base station, be derived position of the two-dimensional it can. The 5 th base station E, it is possible to determine the position of the three-dimensional.


It introduces the new conditions and new problem of regroup and upswing system,from politics ideology,rules of Haizhou opencast,training workers and so on,it discusses some proper methods.Finally it gives four ways to improve safety management in the future.


K+ channels are probably the oldest channel types since they are present in virtually all eukaryotic cells from yeast to the mammalian neuron. In the neuron, K+ channels terminate the action potential, repolarize the membrane and set its resting potential (Hille, 1984; Rudy, 1988). Due to this multitude of functions, K+ channels are a highly diverse class of channels. A rough classification discriminates the ATP-dependent K+ channels, the Ca2+-dependent K+ channels, the Na+-activated K+ channels and the voltage-dependent K+ channels. Voltage-dependent K+ channels are further subdivided on the basis of their gating characteristics into: (a) so-called A channels which activate and inactivate quickly upon membrane depolarization; (b) delayed rectifier channels which activate slowly and do not or only slowly inactivate and (c) the inward rectifier channels which open upon membrane hyperpolarization. Each of these groups has several members and the delineations between the groups are flexible.


Allocation of such function of private law as self-regulation function locates in article. Specific functions of the international private law reveal: conflict and unifying. Three standard subsystems in system of the international private law are allocated: a subsystem of the unified substantive law rules, a subsystem of the national and unified conflict norms, a subsystem of national material norms of internal private law.


The pumped-storage power station plays a very important role in promoting the optimal allocation of power generation resources and maintaining the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In order to formulate a reasonable scheduling strategy for pumped-storage power stations to maximize profits, this study proposes a short-term optimal dispatching model of pumped-storage power stations. The model takes into account the nonlinear hydropower conversion relationship, the characteristics of the energy storage power station unit, the minimum on-off time, storage capacity and other factors. It is converted into a mixed-integer linear programming problem through piecewise linearization, and uses the Lagrangean relaxation algorithm and adaptive differential evolution algorithm to optimize and solve the model respectively. Taking a certain area of GanSu Province in China as an example, the proposed model increases the profit by 4.874% compared with the experience scheduling time period. The research results can support the operation and optimization of diversified clean energy complementary control systems.


Electrical resistivity surveys are commonly used to detect and characterise near-surface 5 buried objects in commercial developments of brownfield sites. 2D ERT profiles arrays 6 predominate in such surveys due to their relatively rapid deployment, good penetration 7 depths and fast data collection rates. However, there is a need to test the optimum array types 8 in such surveys. A scaled-model was used to simulate a large cleared-building wall 9 foundation in gravel-fill at a test facility, before multiple 2D ERT profiles were acquired 10 using different array configurations. Results were used to generate 2D resistivity models 11 using both least-square smoothness-constraint and robust inversion. 2D profile array 12 comparisons showed that the Wenner and dipole-dipole arrays were the best in detecting the 13 cleared-wall foundation, although dipole-dipole arrays better delineated the top of the wall 14 foundation. This study suggests that both Wenner and dipole-dipole array configurations 15 should be utilised to detect buried wall foundations for 2D resistivity surveys.


Objective:To assess the value of high resolution temporal bone CT scanning(HRCT) and MRI in the diagnosis of suppurative necrotic labyrinthitis.Methods:A retrospective analysis of HRCT and MRI examinations was performed in 6 patients with clinically,surgically and pathologically confirmed suppurative necrotic labyrinthitis.Imaging features of suppurative necrotic labyrinthitis were summarized.Result:On both axial and coronal sections of HRCT,soft tissue masses with varying degree of the inner ear(bony labyrinth) destruction(n=6) and high-density dead bones were identified.On MRI,soft tissue masses filled the partial or entire membraneous labyrinth and showed intermediate signal intensity(SI) on T1WI and high SI on T2WI and prominent inhomogeneous enhancement after gadolinium-based contrast material administration.Dead bones showed hypointense signal on T1WI and T2WI and no gadolinium enhancement.Conclusion:HRCT is superior to MRI in evaluating the extent of destruction of the inner ear(labyrinth) and the presence of dead bone,while MRI is better than HRCT in assessing intracranial complications of suppurative necrotic labyrinthitis with respect to soft-tissue contrast resolution.Radiological imaging including combined HRCT and MRI is of great value in diagnosis of suppurative necrotic labyrinthitis.


An increasing number of small Distributed Generation (DG) units are connected to the grid. The introduction of DG causes several problems, which are mainly related to the differences between DG units and conventional generators. Four problems have been considered in this thesis: damping of harmonics, voltage control, the behaviour of DG units during grid faults, and frequency control. A large part of the DG units are connected to the grid via power electronic converters. The main task of these converters is to convert the power that is available from the prime source to the characteristic voltage and frequency of the grid. The flexibility of the converters offers the possibility however to configure them in such a way that, in addition to their main task, they can avoid or solve some of the problems they cause. The general objective of this thesis is to investigate how this can be done.


During the Roaring Twenties--from 1921 through 1928--Walt Disney and his friends made more than ninety silent cartoons, turning them out as often as one or two per month. Years before Mickey Mouse, the young entrepreneur recruited and nurtured an extraordinary array of talented people. Drawing on interviews with Disney's coworkers, Disney's business papers, promotional materials, scripts, drawings, and correspondence, the richly illustrated Walt in Wonderland reconstructs Disney's silent film career and places his early films in critical perspective. "A scholarly and entertaining book that is a combination of film critique, studio history and oral history illustrated with wonderful original animation drawings, storyboards and rare photos."--John Canemaker, New York Times Book Review "Merritt and Daufman have delved deep into the business of the art as well as into the art itself ...They show us genius emerging by trial and error, not in a puff of Aladdin's lamp."--Simon Louvish, Sight and Sound " Merritt and Kaufman's enthusiasm is infectious and they point out much that is new and important about the early work." --Robin Allan, Animation Journal "Scholarship has rarely been so engaging and charming as in Merritt and Kaufman's detailed study of the silent film animation of Walt Disney. The work is, simply, wonderful."--Choice "The whole fascinating 8-year period predating Mickey is chronicled in [this] meticulously researched book ...The authors point out interesting links to the work of other animators (of such characters as Felix the Cat and Krazy Kat) and also demonstrate parallels to the routines of such silent clowns as Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, and Charlie Chaplin."--Linda Rosencrantz, Miami Herald


This photograph shows an orange pickup truck which has slid partially down into a ditch or hole. A woman and a dog are sitting behind the cab,. The photograph was used as a Christmas postcard for James Linville, dated Dec. 14, 1987, and has the inscription: I was taking notes for a story when I did this... went into the ditch...Utah, summer. It was mailed from Fix Ranch in Troy, Montana. The photograph is part of the Rick Bass Papers, 1986-1997 and undated. This manuscript collection consists primarily of correspondence from Rick Bass to James Linville, editor of The Paris Review. It is part of the James Sowell Family Collection in Literature, Community and the Natural World.


Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an imaging mode with high resolution and widely used in spaceborne and airborne platforms as well as the platform in near space - a new position in space. In this paper, a new algorithm, Range Migration Sub-aperture Algorithm (RMSA), is proposed which is applicable to the spotlight SAR imaging mode in near space. It can reduce the limitation of Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) and radar power, and solve the problems of spotlight SAR in near space such as overlong synthetic aperture, motion error, etc. And through the simulation and contrast, the algorithm is verified to be effective.


Silver nanoparticles caused widespread attention due to their unique optical,electronic,and catalytic properties.All kinds of preparation methods of silver nanoparticles were summarized,including physical,chemical,and biological reductions methods.The advantage and disadvantage of the preparation methods of silver nanoparticles were discussed.At last,the research direction in the future was forecasted.


Traffic patterns of urban road intersections are important in traffic monitoring and accident prediction, thus play crucial roles in urban traffic management. Although real-time traffic information is consistently provided by surveillance cameras equipped at road intersections, the sparsity of surveillance distribution poses great challenges in performing a complete real-time traffic pattern analysis. To tackle that, existing works either assume that the traffic patterns are static, or assume a multi-variant distribution model for intersection traffic volumes. The former assumption neglects the temporal features of traffic patterns, and the latter is limited in capturing fine-grained spatiotemporal dependencies. To tackle the problem, we propose a novel framework, SpatioTemporal-Generative Adversarial Network (ST-GAN), that exploits deep spatiotemporal features of urban networks and offers accurate traffic pattern inferences with incomplete surveillance information. The ST-GAN framework incorporates a modified GCN network wired with the encoder-decoder mechanism and an LSTM network, which are further boosted by an iterative adversarial training process. Comprehensive experiments on real datasets show that ST-GAN achieves better inference accuracies than state-of-the-art solutions.


Individuals with CHD are at increased risk of poor mental well-being. Dietary intake of EPA and DHA, the main n-3 fatty acids from fish, may be beneficial to mental well-being. We examined the association of EPA+DHA and fish intake with mental well-being in 644 participants, aged 60–80 years, with a history of myocardial infarction. Habitual food intake was assessed with a 203-item FFQ. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the self-report geriatric depression scale, and dispositional optimism was assessed with the revised life orientation test (LOT-R) and a four-item questionnaire (4Q). In Cox-regression models modified for cross-sectional analyses, we adjusted for sex, age, energy intake, BMI, family history of depression, education, marital status, smoking, physical activity and intake of saturated fat, alcohol and fibre. Compared with the lower tertile, subjects in the higher tertile of EPA+DHA intake had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms, but this association was not statistically significant (prevalence ratio (PR) 0·78; 95 % CI 0·50, 1·22, P-trend 0·27). The higher tertile of EPA+DHA intake was positively associated with dispositional optimism measured with the 4Q (PR 0·69; 95 % CI 0·46, 1·03, P-trend 0·05), but not according to the LOT-R. Fish intake was not related to either depressive symptoms or dispositional optimism. In conclusion, intake of EPA+DHA was positively associated with dispositional optimism assessed with the 4Q, but not with optimism assessed with the LOT-R or with depressive symptoms.