The embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM), among different flow simulation models, achieves a good balance between efficiency and accuracy. In the EDFM, micro-scale fractures that cannot be characterized individually need to be homogenized into the matrix, which may bring anisotropy into the matrix. However, the simplified matrix–fracture fluid exchange assumption makes it difficult for EDFM to address the anisotropic flow. In this paper, an integrally embedded discrete fracture model (iEDFM) suitable for anisotropic formations is proposed. Structured mesh is employed for the anisotropic matrix, and the fracture element, which consists of a group of connected fractures, is integrally embedded in the matrix grid. An analytic pressure distribution is derived for the point source in anisotropic formation expressed by permeability tensor, and applied to the matrix–fracture transmissibility calculation. Two case studies were conducted and compared with the analytic solution or fine grid result to demonstrate the advantage and applicability of iEDFM to address anisotropic formation. In addition, a two-phase flow example with a reported dataset was studied to analyze the effect of the matrix anisotropy on the simulation result, which also showed the feasibility of iEDFM to address anisotropic formation with complex fracture networks.


Introduction: Molecular imaging can potentially identify vulnerable plaques. Macrophages are essential in plaque development and can be imaged using our novel [64Cu]-DOTATATE tracer. Hypothesis: Specific and sensitive assessment of the somatostatin receptor by [64Cu]-DOTATATE-PET combined with superior soft tissue resolution of MRI allow in-vivo evaluation of activated macrophages in human carotid plaques. Methods: Patients with clinical indication for carotid endarterectomy were prospectively included for simultaneous PET/MRI (Siemens Biograph mMR) after injection of [64Cu]-DOTATATE. PET/MRI of the carotid plaque was performed a median of 77 min after injection and included four MRI sequences. Regions of interest were drawn to include the carotid plaque and tracer uptake (SUVmean) was calculated. Carotid endarterectomy was performed the next day. Plaque specimens were sliced and aligned to the PET/MRI slices. Activated macrophages (CD163) and all macrophages (CD68) were assessed by gene expression analys...


The design procedure of the cold recycled mixtures, usually based on the effect of water on compressive strength, presents important differences in relation to the construction process, especially in the obtained densities. On the other hand, the compressive standard test is not the best suited to reveal the cohesion provided by the emulsion. The maximum compressive strength is usually obtained with the minimum percentage of tested emulsion, selecting the proportioning which allows for a retained strength obtained at 75%. This is the reason why the indirect tensile test is being used, under dry and wet conditions, in the Laboratorio de Caminos at the Universidad Politecnica de Cataluna, which allows us to evaluate the binder's effect in order to improve the cohesion of the material used and its resistance to water's action. The specimens are produced with a density similar to the one obtained during works. For the covering abstract see ITRD E118499.


This report details the development process for a voice-controlled–home-automation system.
Manually controlling various devices found in one's home might be tiresome and for others nigh
impossible. This system is able to ease a user's interaction with home equipment by providing a
new, easy to use, interface.
The initial phase of the development involved surveying the current field by conducting studies
on speech-recognition software and the needs of potential users. These studies provided a foundation
for the prototype requirements that acted as the goal for the implementation phases that
followed.
The report also presents the finished prototype, which is a system capable of interpreting speech
as commands. These commands can be formulated in several different ways to make the interaction
more natural. After a command has been interpreted an appropriate action is taken on
the correct home equipment. In order to control a number of different equipment the control is
achieved through radio-controlled outlets. The use of outlets enables the prototype to control
most equipment that is controlled with on and off switches. The prototype can also be used with
a graphical user interface for any case when the user has problems using his voice.


As part of a vegetation survey programme for conservation areas in South Africa, the plant communities of the De Rust section of the Mountain Zebra National Park were investigated. From a TWINSPAN classification, refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures, 14 plant communities, which can be placed into six major groups, were identified. A clas- sification and description of these communities, as well as a vegetation map are presented. Associated gradients in habitat were identified by using an ordination algorithm (DECORANA). The diagnostic species as well as the prominent and less conspicuous species of the tree, shrub, herb and grass strata are outlined.


The analysis and comparation of the half-coiled short-pitch windings with different phase belt are presented in the paper. The half-coiled short-pitch windings can supply the odd and even harmonics simultaneously, which can be applied in multiphase bearingless motor (MBLM). The space harmonic distribution of the half-coiled short-pitch windings with two kinds of phase belt is studied wi th respect to different coil pitch, and the suitable coil pitch can be selected from the analysis results to reduce the additional radial force and torque pulse. The two kinds of half-coiled short-pitch windings are applied to the five- and six-phase bearingless motor, and the comparation from the Finite Element Method (FEM) results shows that the winding with 2π/m phase belt is fit for the five phase bearingless motor and the winding with π/m phase belt is suitable for the six phase bearingless motor. Finally, a five phase surface-mounted permanent magnet (PM) bearingless motor is built and the experimental results are presented to verify the validity and feasibility of the analysis. The results presented in this paper will give useful guidelines for design optimization of the MBLM.


This piece of writing,in response to the issue of the newrequirements of College English Teaching,aims at howto establish a new teaching pattern by means of new technologies such as multi-media and internet approaches and how to cope with the existing problems.


The relation of rock petrophysical and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) properties were investigated systematically on the continental sedimentary rocks existing significantly in China. Methods translating NMR measurement results to petrophysical parameters that conventionally used in petroleum industry were discussed in detail. Differences between conventional core analysis and NMR measurements were compared. Experimental results were compared as well as with some overseas ones according to Chinese sedimentary rock characteristics. Research results are useful in the application of NMR to petroleum industry in China.;


Introduction Quantitative dynamic MRI requires the knowledge of contrast agent (CA) concentration in blood. Due to the small size of murine vessels, so far the so-called arterial input function (AIF) has only been measured in the mouse heart. Using a novel cryogenic probe at 9.4 T, we measured CA kinetics in three intraand extra-cranial vessels in order to test their eligibility for serving as AIF in mouse brain perfusion studies. Material and Methods At 9.4 T (Biospec, Bruker, Germany) using a transmit-receive CryoProbe (Bruker), in a preliminary experiment two mice (21g) were examined. For optimal slice localization containing the vessels of interest, high-resolution 3D Time-of-flight (ToF) angiography and 2D T2w-imaging were performed before contrast agent injection with the following protocols: (A) flow-compensated GE: TR=27.2ms,TE=6.4ms,FoV=16x16x16mm,MT=512x512x128,tacq=19min27s,res=31x31x125μm3), (B) T2w-SE: TR=3s,8echoes, TEmin=ΔTE=13.1ms,FoV=20x20mm,MT=384x384,tacq=15min6s, res=52x52x500μm3). For Dynamic MRI, relaxation rate R1=1/T1 was measured during bolus injection (Gd-DOTA,0.1mmol/kg,tinj=3.5s,Vinj=0.8mL) as described in [2] using the following protocol parameters: TR=17.4ms,TEmin=2.2ms,ΔTE=2.5m,TS1=250ms,TS2=600ms,FoV=20x20mm,MT=128x128,Δt=5.3s,tacq=13min30s,res=156x156x1000μm. Calculation of R1 variations included a T2* correction and was performed with home-written software (IDL, USA). Regions-of-interest (ROIs) had the size of a single voxel in the dynamic data sets, i.e. 156x156x1000μm. They were defined on the high-resolution images (ToF, T2w) and afterwards copied to the parameter maps (Figs. 1A-C). R1 variations were measured in the azygos pericallosal artery (azPA), the sinus sagittalis superior (SSS), and the superficial temporal vein (STV) and plotted as a function of time. Results and Discussion In average, observed R1 changes (Fig. 1D, Tab.1) were highest in the STV (11.2±5.9 s) and lower in the SSS (4.3±0.7 s) and the azPA (0.6±0.1 s). Assuming a total blood volume in mice of 7-8 % of their body weight and a mean hematocrit of 0.44, the total plasma volume can be set to 0.88 mL. Due to an injection time, which was slow compared to the cardiac output rate of mice, the initial CA concentration (25mM) is supposed to be diluted homogeneously in the blood plasma, resulting in an initial blood concentration of 2.27 mM. Based on a CA relaxivitiy measured in phantom vials (4.9 mMs), R1 variations of 11.1 s were expected. Even though quite large inter-individual variations were observed in the STV, R1-measurement in this vein allowed – at least in average – a quite well estimation of the blood CA concentration. In contrast in the smaller vessels, R1 variations reached only 38.2 % (SSS) and 5.6 % (azPA) of the expected value. In the latter case, where vessels are smaller than the dynamic MRI voxel, the partial volume effect can at least be estimated from the reduction factor of R1 variations with respect to the STV. Conclusion The use of a novel cryogenic probe at 9.4 T allowed to measure CA kinetics in different intraand extracranial vessels of mice. Although inter-individual variations were high, the STV provided the best estimation of CA concentration in blood. Smaller vessels showed partial volume effects but were less prone to inter-individual variations. After further optimization of the dynamic MRI protocol regarding temporal resolution, evidence has to be adduced, to what extent mouse perfusion studies will benefit from AIF assessment in a single vessel compared to the heart.


Background Recent studies have shown an association between weather and climatic factors with mortality, cardiovascular and infectious diseases. We used historical data to investigate the impact of seasonal temperature and precipitation on total mortality in Uppsala, Sweden, during the first two stages of the demographic transition, 1749–1859. Design We retrieved mortality and population numbers of the Uppsala Domkyrka parish from digitised parish records and obtained monthly temperature and precipitation measures recorded in Uppsala during that time. Statistical models were established for year-to-year variability in deaths by annual and seasonal temperature and precipitation, adjusting for longer time trends. In a second step, a model was established for three different periods to study changes in the association of climate variability and mortality over time. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results Precipitation during spring and autumn was significantly associated with annual mortality (spring RR 0.982, CI 0.965–1.000; autumn RR 1.018, CI 1.004–1.032, respectively, per centimetre increase of precipitation). Higher springtime temperature decreased annual mortality, while higher summer temperature increased the death toll; however, both were only borderline significant (p=0.07). The significant effect of springtime precipitation for mortality was present only in the first two periods (1749–1785 and 1786–1824). On the contrary, the overall effect of autumn precipitation was mainly due to its relevance during the last period, 1825–1859 (RR 1.024, CI 0.997–1.052). At that time, higher winter precipitation was found to decrease mortality. Conclusions In urban Uppsala, during the 18th and 19th century, precipitation appeared to be a stronger predictor for mortality than temperature. Higher spring precipitation decreased and higher autumn precipitation increased the number of deaths. However, this association differed before and during the early stages of industrialisation. Further research shall take age-specific differences into account, as well as changes in socio-economic conditions during that time. This paper is part of the thematic cluster Global Health Beyond 2015 - more papers from this cluster can be found at http://www.globalhealthaction.net


The personality changes which frequently take place during involution and senescence are both distressing and debilitating. Unfortunately, most of the patients undergoing these changes do not lend themselves to psychotherapy except on a very superficial level, as their personality patterns are deeply rooted. About 40 per cent of all persons admitted to state hospitals are in these classifications. Usually they are not certified to psychiatric care except as a last resort, many of them being kept at home and their eccentricities endured for sentimental reasons. Any technic which will aid in stabilization and prevent the necessity of institutionalization is a psychiatric advance. The geriatric problem is in great part dependent on organic changes which take place during the decline of life, but it should also be realized that emotional stability plays a significant role in determining the type of personality reaction that will develop. The ability of the aging patient to adjust to the changing environment is an important factor.


Lignocellulosic-based bio-refineries are essential for a secure energy in future. Lignin degradation is required for carbon recycling and production of renewable chemicals. Lignin due to the high level of color and low biodegradability, is categorized as a serious pollutant particularly in the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, biodegradation of organosolv lignin by a white rot fungi, Bjerkandera adusta, was verified. The FTIR spectra of lignin, before and after treatment with fungi displayed modification by changing in the structure of lignin. Some of the functional groups have disappeared and some new bands appeared in the spectra. The SDS-PAGE chromatographs also showed that the fungi protein has a molecular weight of 44 kDa. This molecular weight increased to 46 kDa after the treatment of lignin by fungi. The heavier molecular weight occurred due to the bonding of fungi protein with lignin. The results from surface morphology also showed the attachments of lignin molecules to fungi mycelia. As a result, the extracted lignin after treatment with B. adusta showed significant changes in its physical and chemical structure which makes it a noble candidate for carrying out value added products and refinery of lignin waste in pulp and paper industries.


A composite bipolar plate for polymer film fuel battery features it is prepared from graphite creeep with external surface of polypyrrole or polyphenylamine film layer and central polypyrrole or polyphenylamine network layer of central metal sheet. The process for preparing it includes such steps as filling graphite creep in upper and lower dies, putting metal sheet in the graphic creep, and pressing, or filling graphite creep in upper and lower dies, pressing and coating polypyrrole or polyphenylamine layer on its surface. Its advantages include high corrosion resistance, high weight, good electric conductivity and low cost.


By analyzing the model of the speed control system,the trend of power angle can be obtained.Based on the real-time power angle measured by wide area measurement system,this paper uses the algorithm of combined trigonometric function to predict the trend of faulted power system angle the transient stability of power system in the end.In the prediction algorithm,the nonlinear least squares method is used to calculate the trigonometric function coefficient and the linear and linear least squares method is adopted to calculate the envelope equations coefficient,which improves the calculation precision.This paper presents a fast index to judging transient stability.Simulation results in the EPRI-36 node system verify the validity of the method.


DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20122330 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China (Sun LL, Cheng XM and Shen K) Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China (Li H) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China (Zhou XR) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China (Song ZQ) Correspondence to: SHEN Keng, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China (Tel and Fax: 86-10-65212507. Email: shenkeng@ vip.sina.com) The study was supported by the grants from the National Science and Technology Infrastructure Program "National Key Technologies R&D Program of China" (No. 2008BAI57B01) and China Women Development Foundation "Healthy Mother Express" Research Fund. Short communication


The invention relates to a circular knitting machine with the take-down and / or winding apparatus (15) from the outside at least partially surrounding protective cover (17) which includes a machine frame fixed guide and in this displaceably mounted segments (18 to 23). According to the invention, the segments (18 to 23) having different radial distances from a machine axis (11) and arranged such that they are at least partially displaceable with a mutual overlap relative to each other (Fig. 4).


OBJECTIVE
To detect new biomarkers and to establish a serum protein fingerprint model for early detection and diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

METHODS
The serum samples of 40 thyroid cancer patients, 9 thyroid adenoma patient, and 32 healthy individuals were randomly divided into 2 sets: training set (n = 66, including 32 thyroid cancer patients, 9 thyroid adenoma patients, and 25 healthy individuals) and test set (n = 15). The serum protein were bound to WCX2 chip and tested by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight-mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS). The data of spectra were analyzed by support vector machine (SVM) to establish a diagnostic model.

RESULTS
The detective model combined with 3 biomarkers could differentiate the serum of thyroid cancer from that of healthy individual with a specificity of 86% and a sensitivity of 100%. The diagnostic model combined with 3 biomarkers could differentiate thyroid cancer from thyroid adenoma with a specificity of 88.9% and a sensitivity of 96.9%. The positive predictive value to differentiate papillary thyroid carcinoma from the thyroid cancer of other types was 97%, and the positive predictive value of thyroid carcinoma of other pathological types was 71%.

CONCLUSION
The combination of SELDI with bioinformatics tools is a novel, effective, and highly specific and sensitive method for thyroid cancer detection and diagnosis.


This study investigated the specificity of dream content and its continuity with waking life. For each subject (125 men and 125 women, between the ages of 19 and 29 years), a dream and a waking episode were collected according to "the most recent dream" method (Hartmann, Elkin, & Garg, 1991), which was also applied to "a recent life episode." Both kinds of narratives were analyzed through the application of the Hall‐Van de Castle System (1966) and a typical content analysis (a compendium of the most important typical dream taxonomies). In dreams, typical situations involved the dreamer trying to perform some physical action, most frequently with difficulties in mastering the task. Affective relationships and hostile interactions with an enemy were shared by both narratives, but cognitive activities were uncommon in both cases.


In the current work we present an algorithmic proposal for mobile robot navigation using a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for the location of a mobile measuring station in a controlled microclimatic environment. Another point of consideration is determining the navigation strategy. Publications in this field of robotics offer a large number of localization methods, mainly focusing on two fields: navigating locally and globally. Navigating locally will determine the mobile robot's position and orientation by implementing a series of sensors. Once we start from an initial position, the robot's position and orientation are updated continuously through the given time frame. Global navigation will ensure that the robot is able to determine its own position and orientation without having previously studied a map or being given some specific information.


* This article is a slightly revised version of the paper which the author presented at the Vth World Congress on Comparative Education held in Paris, July 2 through 6, 1984


The subject innovation is modulated to relate to an emergency door automatic opening and closing apparatus, particularly to a building in, it is installed on the external fire and detect the emergency situations, comprising a sensor for converting into electric signals, and wired and wireless sensing the electrical signal signal fire sensing and transmitting means; Emergency door and the door opening and closing device that is installed in the emergency door frame by the power input from the external operating an emergency door in the locked state or the open state, or sent to generate an emergency contact to lock or open state by wired or wireless signals; Automatic opening and closing controller for receiving a detection signal transmitted from the fire detection means, or by the input of the password to cut off the power supplied to the door opener control the emergency contact closed state; And a plurality of central control manager that can manage to connect the automatic opening controller installed in emergency doors in wired or wireless; as being configured to include a plurality of emergency door are interlocked with the fire detection means automatically when the fire detection and to be opened, by the administrator, and the control of the door opening and closing device by means of remote communication is possible, by configured to open and close the individual or the total at the same time, providing a high reliability of the emergency door opening product by the quick action in case of emergency, to occur by the effect of reducing casualties. Emergency doors, automatic closing, fire, wireless, keypad, emergency power


Based upon new identities between z-transforms at a basis rate, z-transforms at faster rates, and modified z-transforms, the equivalence between the frequency decomposition method and the switch decomposition method is precisely presented so that results of one method are easily obtained from results of the other. Next, a method is developed for determining the closed loop transfer function of multiloop, multirate sampled-data systems with noninteger ratio sampling rates. Previously, this process involved solving a complex system of equations with rational polynomial coefficients. Herein, this is avoided by introducing a systematic decomposition of matrix operators which naturally arise from the switch decomposition method. The matrix operators are simplified by introducing the shifted transforms of signals sampled at one of the faster rates.


During the ripening of Gouda-type cheese, two kinds of endopeptidases were found to participate in the degradation of αs1-CN(f1-23), a specific product from αs1-casein hydrolyzed by chymosin. One of the endopeptidases, lactic acid bacteria endopeptidase (LEP-II), which can recognize the size of its substrates, has already been purified and characterized (T. R. Yan, N. Azuma, S. Kaminogawa, and K. Yamauchi, Eur. J. Biochem. 163:259-265, 1987). The other endopeptidase, LEP-I, was purified to homogeneity by conventional chromatographic techniques from Streptococcus cremoris H61. The enzyme appeared to be monomeric, with an apparent molecular weight of 98,000, and its isoelectric point was 5.1. For the hydrolysis of αs1-CN(f1-23), the enzyme had an optimum pH and temperature of 7.0 to 7.5 and 40�C, respectively. Its activity was inhibited by such chelating agents as EDTA and 1,10-phenanthrolin, and it could be fully reactivated by Mn2+. Inhibitors specific for serine and thiol proteases had no effect on the protease activity. The enzyme showed a high affinity toward the Glu-Asn peptide bond of αs1-CN(f1-23) and αs1-CN(f91-100) but showed no hydrolysis activity toward αs1-CN(f1-52), αs1-CN(61-122), αs1-CN(136-196), αs1-casein, β-casein, κ-casein, α-lactalbumin, and β-lactoglobulin. The Km and Vmax of LEP-I for αs1-CN(f1-23) were 14.2 pM and 139 U, respectively.


This study aims to analyze the influence of Sharia financial literacy on the interest in using Sharia bank products of mosque youth in Pekanbaru City, Riau. The sample of the study consists of 92 respondents. The type of this study  is field research with a quantitative approach. The data are obtained from primary data with the analysis techniques using simple linear regression with data processing performed by SPSS Software Version 25. The hypothesis testing of the study is partial analysis (t-test). The results of the study show that the Sharia financial literacy has a positive and significant influence on the interest of mosque youth in Pekanbaru City to use Sharia bank products. It  is proved by the t-value of the Sharia financial literacy variable (X) of 6.215 and the t-table value of 1.661, it can be seen that: t-count > t-table (6.215 > 1.671) with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05. Furthermore, the influence of the independent variable (Sharia financial literacy) on the dependent variable (interest) is 53.2%, while the remaining 46.8% is influenced by other variables not included in this study.
Keywords: Sharia Financial Literacy, Interest, Sharia Bank Products.


This research paper examines the findings presented in the doctoral and PhD theses from the Southern Urals scientific school specifically focusing on the design process of tillage machines and units through the application of mathematical modeling. (Research purpose) The objective of the study is to identify the patterns in designing tillage machines and units and, based on these patterns forecast their potential enhancements using mathematical modeling. (Materials and methods) The paper analyses the creation of mathematical models based on field tests of tillage machine under diverse soil and climatic conditions emphasizing the authors' optimal design and upgrade decisions (Results and discussion) The research reveals that the design process of soil-cultivating machines progressed through such stages as: empirical design, computational experimentation and the use of computer-aided design. The evolutionary development of research tools demonstrates a gradual convergence between the mathematical models and the actual working conditions of tillage machines and units. Consequently, this enables the improvement and substantiation of tillage machine parameters to meet specific quality criteria for the tillage process, as well as the development of adaptable crop cultivation technologies applicable to various regions' soil and climatic conditions. (Conclusions) The study concludes that to enhance the performance of tillage machines and units and achieve the desired quality parameters, further research should focus on machine computer-aided design, including the design of vibratory working bodies, utilization of compressed air and electromagnetic fields, creation of highly automated soil-cultivating machines capable of adjusting to specified working conditions, and development of remote control systems for managing tillage and sowing machine operations.


Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Materials and Methods: We searched electronic databases and other sources for randomized controlled trials comparing IVIg with placebo or other treatment for adults with AD. Primary outcome was change from baseline in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog). Results: Five placebo-controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to placebo, IVIg 0.2 and 0.4 g/kg once every two weeks did not change ADAS-Cog score (weighted mean difference: 0.37, 95% confidence interval: −1.46 to 2.20 and 0.77, −1.34 to 2.88, respectively). Furthermore, except for an increase in the incidence of rash, IVIg did not affect the incidence of other adverse events. Conclusion: IVIg, albeit safe, is inefficacious for treatment of patients with AD. Future trials targeting earlier stages of disease or applying different dosing regimens may be warranted to clarify its therapeutic potential.


Urbanization represents one of the fastest land cover transformations in Georgia and around the world. Conversion of previously forested or agricultural watersheds to residential and industrial/commercial land use affects the hydrology and geomorphology of receiving streams. These changes may contribute to alteration in stream chemistry and temperature as well. We measured monthly baseflow water chemistry and took hourly temperature data for 1 yr in 30 tributaries to the Etowah River. The thirty watersheds had variable land cover from 5 to 61% urban (27 to 80 % forested). We used a combination of multivariate and regression analysis to analyze relationships between chemistry, temperature, and land use. Watersheds with greater urban land use had higher mean soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, and ammonium concentrations, as well as greater specific conductance, and turbidity. Urban land use was the best predictor of phosphorus, whereas agricultural land use was the best predictor of ammonium. Nitrate concentration and conductance were best predicted using a combination of urban and agricultural land use. Increases in non-forested land use also affected stream temperature: annual mean daily temperature increased with deforestation, daily mean temperatures in summer increased with urban land use; and winter mean daily temperature increased with riparian agriculture. Thb changes in chemistry and temperature indicate that land use change affects the physical and chemical habitat of streams. Such changes have serious implications for native stream biota.


Among the various possible losses in a mining company, the loss of stock, due to lack of
materials, can be seen as a highlight since this reduction may cause others production
problems, such as idle in mines, waiting between operations and stoppage on the premises.
It is possible to increase the stock base and reduce this type of loss from the appropriate
ore blending process. Therefore, this work carried out a research about the problems of
mixtures of ore found in the literature and sought to present a mathematical model that
maximizes the number of bacthes generated, respecting the quantity and quality goals. It is
a normative axiomatic research, which instances was created based on real situations and
real data from mining companies. From the test instances, the models were validated and
the results obtained in each one were compared, concluding that the created modelo was
more efficient when the objective is maximize the bacth yield. The proposal is attractive,
considering the benefits in relation to the increase of batch production by the proposed
model.


Aim: Blunt trauma, firearm/sharp object injuries, suicide, and accident are judicial events that can cause injury or death of individuals are considered. They are the duties of physicians to examine forensic cases in a timely and carefully manner and to prepare reports by recording the findings obtained. In this study, it was aimed to examine the characteristics of the reports prepared in the polyclinic and thus to determine the forensic case data in our region. Materials and Methods: In this study, 1,222 cases who lived in and around the province of Adıyaman and whose forensic reports were prepared due to physical injury were retrospectively in 2017 and 2018. We retrospectively examined in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, report date, referring judicial authority, cause of the event, injury site and the decisions. Results: 930 (76.1%) of all cases were male and 292 (23.9%) were female. It was observed that the reports were prepared most commonly because of battery (46.8%), followed by a traffic accident (29.5%). It was found that injuries occurred most commonly in the head neck region (n = 355; 29.1%) and the extremity region is secondly (n = 298 ; 24.4%). Nasal bone was the most commonly broken bone (n = 87; 18.2%). Conclusion: It was thought that determining regional profiles and data in judicial events would contribute to taking preventive measures (education-psychosocial support etc.) and appropriate planning. In addition, preventive measures should be taken for accidental events that occur in childhood and old age.


In the theory of rhetoric phasing out within the framework of investigation of research on vision in the context of Modern Chinese " V + 将 + C" structure,and emphasis on the " 将," meaning structure,internal relations and to explore the whole function,we can find it with a " V 着"," V + 了 + C" or " V + C" can not be replaced by the pragmatic and rhetorical value.


e15071 Background: Oxaliplatin has been widely used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The mechanism of action of platinum compounds such as oxaliplatin is to bind to a DNA molecule in the form of a platinum-DNA-adduct. Excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1), which plays a major role in the nucleotide excision pathway, has a polymorphism in codon 118, and is reported to be associated with a resistance to platinum-based therapy. Thymidylate synthase (TS) and dehydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) are key enzymes of 5-FU metabolism and are well known to be associated with a response to 5-FU-based therapy.

METHODS
Twenty-one colorectal cancer patients (male:female = 7:14; median age, 65) treated with a combination of oxaliplatin and S-1 as a first-line therapy were analyzed for ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism and the mRNA expression levels of TS, ERCC1, and DPD. Formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded surgical specimens were used and t-RNA and DNA were extracted. The mRNA expression levels were measured using real-time RT-PCR, and the polymorphism was analyzed using the allelic discrimination method together with real-time PCR.

RESULTS
No correlation was observed between ERCC1 codon118 polymorphism and any response to the chemotherapy. ERCC1 mRNA levels tended to be higher in the patients with wild-type homozygous alleles in codon 118 than in those with at least one mutant allele(1.19 vs.0.68: p= 0.15). Patients with both high TS and ERCC1 mRNA levels showed a significantly lower response rate than the others (25% vs. 67%, p=0.02). No relationship was seen between DPD mRNA expression levels and the response.

CONCLUSIONS
The mRNA expression levels of TS and ERCC1 appear to be useful markers for the treatment of S-1 and oxaliplatin. No particular usefulness of ERCC1 codon 118 polymorphism was verified. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


decades, despite changes in political and development rhetoric that has emphasized gender equity. The historical and analytical detail provided in this book will be of particular interest to scholars of southeast Asian social and political changes, as the authors paint a dynamic picture of the myriad influences on gender ideas and roles in Java and Indonesia. In addition, the combination of empirical detail and theory building make this book an excellent case study for graduate-level courses on the sociology of gender. Contributors:


A fossil tarantula (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae) is described from an exuvium in Tertiary (Miocene) Chiapas amber, Simojovel region, Chiapas State, Mexico. It is difficult to assign it further taxonomically, but it is the first mygalomorph recorded from Chiapas amber and only the second unequivocal record of a fossil theraphosid. With a carapace length of ca. 0.9 cm and an estimated leg span of at least 5 cm it also represents the largest spider ever recorded from amber. Of the fifteen currently recognised mygalomorph families, eleven have a fossil record (summarised here), namely: Atypidae, Antrodiaetidae, Mecicobothriidae, Hexathelidae, Dipluridae, Ctenizidae, Nemesiidae, Microstigmatidae, Barychelidae, Cyrtaucheniidae and Theraphosidae.


This study investigated the alternative methods which teachers use instead of corporal punishment and the efficacy of these methods of student behaviour management. The study was conducted in Eldoret Municipality of Rift Valley province. The population of the study comprised secondary school teachers in Eldoret Municipality. Proportionate sampling technique was used to select 161 teachers from the 10 public secondary schools representing all the 3 strata of secondary schools in the Municipality. The respondents included 10 headteachers, 10 deputies, 10 guidance and counselling masters/mistresses, 40 class teachers and 91 classroom teachers. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation. This study is significant in building on the existing knowledge about student behaviour management. Teacher trainers would also be informed about alternative methods to corporal punishment. It was found that, although teachers use alternative methods to corporal punishment, they believe that they are less effective compared to corporal punishment. In view of the findings, the study recommends urgent need to create awareness on alternative methods to corporal punishment and also on the overall effects of corporal punishment on the child.


We reported that a combination of prenatal stress (PS) and restraint stress (PS+R) resulted in echocardiographic evidence of myocardial dysfunction in rats. We now report hemodynamic measurements in PS, R, or PS+R. PS, R and PS+R blunted baseline systolic and diastolic function under anesthesia. However, no differences were observed in +dp/dt and ‐dp/dt in PS or R in awake state. In contrast, the differences in +dp/dt and ‐dp/dt persisted with the PS+R in the awake state. Attenuated responses to isoproterenol were still apparent in PS, R and PS+R. The p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB 203580, reversed the blunted +dp/dt and ‐dp/dt. These findings support a central role for p38 MAP kinase in stress‐induced reversible myocardial dysfunction.


We have grown GaN on (Mn, Zn)Fe 2 O 4 substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) without using a buffer layer and investigated their structural properties by high resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). The RHEED pattern changed from sharp streaks into clear spots at the early stage of the film growth, what indicates that the growth of GaN started in the two-dimensional mode and it changed into the three-dimensional mode due to the stress build-up. The RHEED and XRD observations have revealed that hexagonal GaN(0001) grows on (Mn,Zn)Fe 2 O 4 (111) with the crystal orientation relationship of [1120]GaN//[011](Mn,Zn)Fe 2 O 4 . The lattice mismatch for this alignment is calculated to be 3.5%. The FWHM value of the 0002 GaN rocking curve has been as low as 0.05°.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the flow and heat transfer performance of titanium oxide/water and copper/water nanofluids with varying nanoparticle morphologies by considering magnetic, Joule heating and viscous dissipation effects. Furthermore, it studies the irreversibility caused by the flow of a hydromagnetic nanofluid past a radiated stretching sheet by considering different shapes of TiO2 and Cu nanoparticles with water as the base fluid.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the authors investigated entropy production in an unsteady two-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic nanofluid regime using water as the base fluid and five unique TiO2 and Cu nanoparticle morphologies. Using appropriate similarity transformations, the controlling nonlinear system of partial differential equations is transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations. The shooting technique with Runge–Kutta method was then used to solve these equations quantitatively. The findings of this study are depicted graphically, and the skin friction corresponding to various nanoparticle geometries and physical parameter variations is tabulated.

Findings
To assess the reliability of the current findings, a tabular representation of the data was compared to that of previously published studies. It is noted that a reduction in thermal energy was detected as a result of the higher levels of Prandtl number (Pr). It is further analysed that the highest heat energy generation of TiO2 nanoparticles was larger than that of Cu nanoparticles. The most important finding was that the sphere-shaped Cu/H2O nanofluid had the lowest velocity and greatest temperature. Also, Cu nanoparticles in the shape of platelets generate the most entropy, while TiO2 nanoparticles in the shape of spheres generate the least.

Originality/value
To the best of the knowledge of the authors, the attempt to investigate the previously unexplored shape effects of TiO2 and Cu nanoparticles on the heat transfer enhancement and inherent irreversibility caused by hydromagnetic nanofluid flow past a radiated stretching sheet with magnetic, Joule heating and viscous dissipation effects. This study fills this gap in the existing literature and encourages scientists, engineers and businesses to do more research in this area. This model can be used to improve heat transfer in systems that use renewable energy, thermal management in industry and the processing of materials.


Results with wild-type and iNOS knockout mouse osteoblasts DIGE was used to analyse protein extracts from mouse osteoblasts. iNOS knockout and wildtype mouse osteoblasts were compared using DIGE as described previously [4] except that the imaging system was upgraded to use a scientific grade 16-bit cooled charge-coupled device camera (Photometrics model 350). Figure 2 shows the result of superimposing fluorographs of the wildtype (Panel A) and knockout (Panel B) extracts in DIGE. Note that, as expected, the vast majority of the proteins comigrated and may be directly superimposed in the two images. The difference protein marked with double arrows has a posttranslational modification difference, indicated by the similarity of mass but differing isoelectric points, between wild-type and knockout spot profiles.


Hadron cancer therapy facilities are expanding exponentially as advantages with respect to other radiation treatments are localized energy deposition at the tumor and reduction of side effects. The main problem of expansion is the high cost and large size of the facility. The largest cost is the delivery systems, especially isocentric gantries. We present first, the permanent Halbach gantry with significant reduction in cost and simplified operation as all treatment energies are transported from an accelerator to the patient through the same Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) structure. The superconducting FFAG gantry also transports at one setting all energies required for the cancer treatment of the patient with carbon ions.


Our contribution presents a prototype of Agroclimatic atlas - a web map application, presenting agroclimatic factors: Frost-free period, Water balance, Total precipitation, Total solar radiation, Last date with soil temperature above 10 °C for nitrogen application, Number of days with growing temperatures for a crop, Number of days with optimal growing temperatures for a crop HSU - Heat stress units for a crop, The factors are calculated based on algorithms described in Calculation of Agro-Climatic Factors from Global Climatic Data (Jedlička et al. 2021, doi:  10.3390/app11031245).

The agroclimatic atlas application aims to provide a comprehensive overview of agriculture-related climatic characteristics of an area of interest in a time retrospective.  The application can be used by both an individual farmer or a precision farming expert exploring a wider area.

The principal source of climatic variables (such as temperature, rainfall, evaporation, runoff, and solar radiation) used in the atlas is the ERA5-Land dataset (available as the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) at its Climate Date Store).

The contemporary version of the Agroclimatic Atlas application is accessible from here https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1245#. This version is in Czech only and portrays data from Czechia 10 years backward. However, the application is under ongoing development driven by the H2020 projects Stargate, Sieusoil, and Smartagrihubs. Therefore a newer version will be presented at the conference. The first design concepts can be seen in the figure below.

Figure 1. - Mockup of Agroclimatic atlas application, accessible from https://xd.adobe.com/view/65199b72-db2f-420a-aee2-bc90dc83aaea-304a/


What with the massive increase of world shipping, there is a deficit of trained officers and engineers. In response shipping companies in Japan are recruiting yet more foreign crews. It is thus crucial to raise training in a short time. The usually method is by lecture and OJT, but these have their limitations. Simulators are believed to be more effective in training engineers. However, diesel plant simulators are few, and there is only one full-mission type marine diesel plant simulator in Japan. This is because of its relatively poor cost performance. To improve this we have developed a new diesel plant simulator, and that can be used for training not only cadets but also chief engineers. In this report, the overall view of the simulator and related, new technologies is introduced.


. In this paper I propose an action plan that aims at the activation and release of the forces embedded in religion for the purpose of the intentional construction of the violations of human rights, limitations of freedom, and the denial of social justice as a global social problem. I argue that religious leaders as claim-makers and faith communities as audiences have a potential for the de-construction of the cultures of fear and hate, and the construction of cultures of freedom, rights and justice. The existing cultures of fear and hate serve well the processes of homogenization and dissemination of conformity that assists crucial aspects of the current versions of economic and cultural globalization. Therefore, they find strong support of world economic elites, political leaders, and cooperation of the media. Those secular claim-makers, skillfully capitalize on the belief in the de-centered, devil-like-omnipresent source of fear and in the random selection of targets aimed at by bombs of hatred. The emotions of fear and anxiety, anger and disgust are very powerful in convincing the audiences to support claim-makers assertions that the existing conditions must be eliminated and replaced by a new global order. These claim-makers often invoke the images of God and use the religious language to legitimize their own decisions and to motivate the audiences to action against the political "infidels," the "villains" who need to be killed for the new global order to emerge. On a global scale, the religious leaders and faith communities seem to either cooperate with the secular elites or to play a role of by-standers. Thus, by not getting actively engaged in the construction of competing global claims they contribute to the


I the midst of the current fi nancial crisis comes a book that warns of the dangers lurking in our complex, lightly regulated, and globe-spanning fi nancial system. But this is no ordinary book that blames the economic meltdown on the usual suspects: the housing bubble, subprime mortgages, exotic derivatives, low interest rates, inadequate government regulation, high leverage by investment banks or even "infectious greed." According to this well-timed book, the fault does not lie in a malfunction of an otherwise sound fi nancial system; rather, the system itself is fundamentally fl awed as a means for serving its basic purpose of enhancing human life. Finance, which should be a servant in our search for security, well-being, and meaning, has instead become an end in itself that has deceived us about how to live a rich, full live. Finance: Servant or Deceiver? which has the additional subtitle Financialization at the Crossroads, is a report from the Geneva-based Observatoire de la Finance, written by the director Paul H. Dembinski, who is also a professor at the University of Fribourg. The Observatoire de la Finance publishes the bi-lingual journal Finance and the Common Good/Commun Bien. The focus of this book or report is on the phenomenon of fi nancialization, in which fi nance as a mode of thought has pervaded our lives and outlook. Financial thinking, Dembinski claims, "has gradually permeated and transformed behavior patterns, mechanisms and structures, and extended its control over society to the point where it is now one of its main organizing principles, or indeed the dominant one" (6). Although fi nancialization, in his view, has produced the current fi nancial crisis, the consequences of this phenomenon are more profound and serious and would have a deleterious effect even if our fi nancial system had continued to function smoothly. Financialization, according to this book, impacts not only our fi nancial well-being but the very core of our existence. If fi nancialization has also caused our current fi nancial crisis, then Dembinski's case has even greater resonance.


3-Nitrobenzanthrone,a persistent organic pollutants(POPs),is an extremely potential mutagen and susceptible carcinogen as proved by the tests using both animal and human cells.The major sources of 3-nitrobenzanthrone are believed to be vehicle exhaust from diesel engines,as well as photooxidation reaction in the atmosphere.Its atmospheric concentration is far below polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.This paper reported an analytical method that was established by using high pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC) to separate and enrich the target fraction and consequently measured with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS).The instrument detection limit(IDL) is 13.7 pg,and the method detection limit(MDL) is 1.86 pg·m-3.The method recoveries for the deuterated surrogate,1-nitropyrene-d9,and 3-nitrobenzanthrone are 88.5% and 78.2%,respectively.The method features good accuracy,precision and reproducibility,and could be used for regular measurements of 3-nitrobenzanthrone.


Traditional medicine can sometimes assign a role of transgressor to the person who shows the signs of illness. Physiological and psychological disorders become symptomatic of a mistake committed by the patient who did not abide by the teachings transmitted in the sacred stories. This carelessness or deliberate transgression enables the illness to manifest itself to the ethnic or religious community the sick person belongs to. An analysis of some Navajo myths featuring the figure of the sick person will show that Navajo etiology and traditional therapeutics are based on two phenomena: the acknowledgment of the existence of sociosomas (illnesses resulting from a conflictive interaction with the cosmos) and exclusion or inclusion patterns. Lastly, a reflection on the integration of traditional therapeutics into what can be labelled mainstream or Anglo medicine will try to show that the Navajo patient is more than often considered as a deviant individual who proves unable to respect any norms, be they traditional or Anglo. Mots cles: Norme; corps; frontieres; mesure; therapeutiques traditionnelles.


Neonatal Graves' is uncommon, but a potentially fatal condition caused by transplacental transfer of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI). It is seen in 1%–5% of infants born to a mother with Graves' disease. Here, we report a unique case of transient neonatal thyrotoxicosis with positive TSI in a premature neonate born to the mother with primary hypothyroidism. A short course of antithyroid drug treatment leads to significant clinical and biochemical improvement followed by complete recovery.


Sap flow pattern of Tectona grandis planted at lowland forest assessed. This study aimed to determine the sap movement of two different diameter sizes T. grandis. Two sizes selected were 16 and 38 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh). Sap flow meter (SFM) used to assess the sap velocity rates at the interval of 30 min within 24 h for 15 days. Diurnal sap flow of T. grandis shows that mean velocity is high during day time compared night time. Small diameter has high sap flow compared to that of bigger diameter. A flow rates was high at the inner layer and less at outer layer for smaller tree. The variation was vice versa when the tree was getting bigger. Variations in sap flow of T. grandis characterized by several environmental factors. It was found that size contribute in the differed sap flow of T. grandis.


Abstract Let Λ be an artin algebra over a local commutative artinian ring k. We consider the category P(Λ) whose objects are morphims f : P → Q with P and Q projective left Λ-modules. In P(Λ), we introduce an exact structure in the sense of Gabriel and Roiter [Gabriel, P., Roiter, A. V. (1992). Representations of finite-dimensional algebras. In: Kostrikin, A. I., Shafarevich, I. V. eds. Encyclopaedia of the Mathematical Sciences. Vol. 73. Springer. Algebra VIII.] or equivalently Quillen [Quillen, D. (1973). Higher Algebraic K-Theory, 1. SLNM 341. Berlin: Springer, pp. 85–147], then we describe the corresponding projectives and injectives. For p(Λ), the full subcategory whose objects are morphisms f : P → Q with P and Q finitely generated, we prove a relation between the Hom-functor and the Ext-functor. From here, we can prove the existence of almost split sequences in p(Λ) and its relation with the almost split sequences for left Λ-modules.


just the time commitment to the process but also the magnitude of the work involved, when one deconstructs Cross's work and recognizes the objective analysis he has conducted, one can only be frightened by the high standard Geoffrey Cross has established. If this is the research benchmark against which all future ethnographic studies will be measured, then the bar has been set extremely high. Even the most dedicated of researchers cannot help but be frightened by this prospect.


Attribute-based Cryptography Bigdata is a potential instrument to change standard organization into sagacious organization. There are a long dialog and trade on the utilization of enormous data for the difference in traditional open association to display day and splendid open association in the academician, masters, and policymakers. This examination intends to research the suitability and congruity of enormous data for splendid organization of open workplaces. An intentional review of composing and meta-examination procedure is used with various elements of scales and pointers. Composing audit shows that different models have been made to explain adroit organization anyway purposeful research on the propriety and real nature of gigantic data for splendid organization of open workplaces is up 'til now insufficient. This article fights that the utilization of gigantic data for sharp organization in the open part can grow the adequacy of the open associations speediest open organization movement, improving straightforwardness, lessening open issue and serving to the become an astute office.


Basic speech course students at a mid‐sized, midwestern university (N = 245) reported preparation strategies and amounts as they readied themselves to demonstrate communication knowledge on the final exam for the course. In this exploratory study, two strategies led to significantly higher scores on the final exam: reviewing the concepts delineated on the study guide and silent reading of class notes. Overall grade point average correlated positively with final exam scores. A second study examined the relationship between students' motivation toward the course and their demonstration of communication knowledge and public speaking skill. Student motivation (N = 263) was positively related to public speaking competence, but not to the demonstration of communication knowledge.


This paper investigates the characteristic properties of a laser triggered micro-lens for focusing and energy selection of laser generated MeV proton and ion beams. Both experimental and computational studies that have been carried out leading to the understanding of the physical processes driving the micro-lens. After a one side irradiation of a hollow metallic cylinder a radial electric field develops inside the cylinder. Hot electrons generated by the interaction between laser pulse and cylinder wall spread inside the cylinder generating a plasma at the wall. This plasma expands into vacuum and sustains an electric field that acts as a collecting lens for proton or ion beams propagating axially through the cylinder. Various measurements including the reduction of the intrinsic beam divergence, the focusing quality, the energy selection and temporal response were carried out which contribute to the understanding of the lens properties. In addition, proton imaging was employed to study the electron trans...


Fuel use constitutes a large percentage of the energy costs incurred by growers during winter flocks and increasing fuel costs have illustrated the need for alternative methods to reduce energy usage in broiler production. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of using the attic space of a broiler house as a source of pre-heated air to reduce energy usage during winter flocks. A series of air inlets were installed in the ceiling of a broiler house to supply pre-heated air during brooding. Inlets were installed in the peak of the ceiling and manually controlled with a curtain actuator. Temperature and relative humidity data were collected for the brood chamber, attic space, and outdoors. Heater, brooder, and fan run times were also monitored. Heating system run time was reduced for the house with the attic inlet system installed, with estimated gas savings of 128.8 l of LP gas over the first two weeks of a spring flock. Humidity was also reduced in the house with the system installed; the humidity ratio with the system installed was 0.0141 kg water / kg dry air versus 0.0155 kg water / kg dry air in a house with a traditional sidewall inlet system.


In the structural integrity assessment of structures containing defects, ductile tearing and plastic collapse are treated as competing failure mechanisms. The validity of fracture toughness measurements in test specimens is limited by the development of plasticity ahead of the crack tip. Compact Tension (CT) specimens are commonly used to characterise the ductile fracture toughness. Two sizes of CT specimens (thickness 25 and 15mm) were tested using the unloading compliance technique and the J-Resistance curve characterised. Concurrently, the development of the plastic zone was monitored on the surface of specimens using digital image correlation. This enabled the plastic zone size to be correlated with the evolution of crack growth. It was found that in both specimens no crack growth had occurred prior to plastic yielding of the un-cracked ligament on the specimen surface.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


A novel effect of alloying on the electron momentum density in a disordered ..cap alpha..-Cu/sub 91/Ge/sub 9/ alloy is reported. The effect, which is the appearance of a bump in the derivative spectra at low momenta, is predicted by theory employing the coherent-potential approximation and is observed in two-dimensional angular correlation experiments on the alloy. It reflects the presence of an s-p impurity band far below the Fermi level. Accurate experimental values for the Fermi-surface radii k/sub 100/ and k/sub 110/ and for the associated disorder-induced smearings in CuGe are also reported for the first time.


There are 159 China rare and endangered species in Guangxi,belonging to 109 genus and 63 families all over Guangxi region.Among these,75 species are in north tropics,110 species in south subtropics,90 species in central subtropics.50 species are distributed on limestone,130 species are distributed on acidic soil.Floral component is complex with tropical nature of community.Tropical genus accounts for 61.7%.19 genus are indigenous in China,accounting for 18.6% of all.22 species are indigenous plants in Guangxi.


(1) Background: Several findings have shown how social stimuli can influence attentional processes. Social attention is crucial in team ball sports, in which players have to react to dynamically changing, unpredictable, and externally paced environments. Our study aimed at demonstrating the influence of social processing on team ball sports athletes' attentional abilities. (2) Methods: A total of 103 male players divided by sport (soccer, handball, and basketball) and by role (striker, midfielder, or defender) were tested through a modified version of the Attention Network Test (ANT) in which they were exposed to both social and non-social stimuli. (3) Results: Social stimuli positively impacted the athletes' abilities to focus on target stimuli and ignore conflicting environmental requests (t = −2.600, p = 0.011 *). We also found that the athletes' roles impacted their performance accuracy. Specifically, differences were found in the ability to maintain a general state of reactivity between athletes (strikers vs. midfielders: t = 3.303, p = 0.004 **; striker vs. defenders: t = −2.820, p = 0.017 *; midfielders vs. defenders: t = −5.876, p < 001 ***). (4) Conclusion: These findings revealed that social stimuli are crucial for performance enhancement in team ball sports athletes. Further, we suggest that it is possible to draw specific attentional profiles for athletes in different roles.


Ionospheric delay correction technique for network RTK is one of the most interesting research topics in high precision GPS real time positioning in last few years.This article mainly discusses the primary research contents,methods and advancements of ionospheric correction of reference stations and interpolation algorithms.The existing problems and an exploratory method are also described.


Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides have been widely used for years to be protected from the harmful effects of insects and control disease vectors. In this study, the potential effects of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound, against the potential toxicity of permethrin, an effective pyrethroid derivative, on the fetus were investigated. In the study, Wistar female rats were divided into four groups Control, Sham, Permethrin, and Permethrin + Resveratrol. The lung, liver, kidney, and small intestine development of fetuses were evaluated histopathologically. Also, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP-4) in bone tissue development and Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 (FGF-1) expressions in the lung were examined immunohistochemically. All structures in the control and sham groups were normal. Permethrin caused epithelial damage, regression in bronchial and primitive alveolar development in the lung; congestion, edema, and sinusoidal dilatation around the central vein in the liver; tubular epithelial degeneration, regression in glomeruli and tubule formation in the kidney; epithelial degeneration and irregularity in the villus structure in the small intestine. Immunohistochemical results indicated that permethrin administration decreased BMP-4 levels in bone tissue and FGF-1 levels in the lung. After resveratrol application was found to greatly alleviate histopathological and immunohistopathological variability in all tissues. Oral consumption of permethrin by pregnant rats caused growth retardation and tissue damage in many different tissues in offspring. Intake of resveratrol during pregnancy showed protective effects against fetotoxicity caused by permethrin.


Gene expression is inherently noisy, implying that the number of mRNAs or proteins is not invariant rather than follows a distribution. This distribution can not only provide the exact information on the dynamics of gene expression but also describe cell-to-cell variability in a genetically identical cell population. Here, we systematically investigate a two-state model of gene expression, a model paradigm used to study expression dynamics, focusing on the effect of feedback on the type of mRNA or protein distribution. If there is no feedback, then the distribution may be bimodal, power-law tailed, or Poisson-like, depending on gene switching rates. However, we find that feedback can tune or change the type of the distribution in each case and tends to unimodalize the distribution as its strength increases. Specifically, positive feedback can change not only a power-law tailed distribution into a bimodal or Poisson-like distribution but also a bimodal distribution into a Poisson-like distribution (implying that stochastic bifurcation can take place). In addition, it can make a Poisson-like distribution become more peaked but does not change the type of this distribution. In contrast to positive feedback, negative feedback has less influence on the shape of the distributions except for the bimodal case. In all cases, the noise-feedback curve used extensively in previous studies cannot well reflect the feedback-induced changes in the shape of distributions. Feedback-induced variations in distribution would be important for cell survival in fluctuating environments.


This paper describes an automatic document classification system called NeuroClass, developed for the air transportation field of Transport Canada. The properties of the system show that for the specific domain for which NeuroClass was developed, recurrent neural networks as developed by Elman (1990) can be used to build systems that classify natural language full-text automatically and reliably with a degree of accuracy proportional to the level of class adherence of the text involved.


We understand the Ecosystem Approach to be a holistic and participatory approach to ecosystem management, as defined and used by the Convention Biological Diversity (CBD). The CBD provides 12 principles (the 'Malawi Principles') as a guide to implementation (see box overleaf). The concept as links 'adaptive management' based on understanding ecosystem functions and processes, together with arguments for decentralisation, stakeholder participation and empowerment in decisionmaking. This makes the approach very ambitious.


OBJECTIVE
To compare the body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and the prevalence of BMI at or above the 85th centile and 95th centile (overweight) in adolescents.

DESIGN
Cross-sectional, nationally representative school-based surveys in 1997-1998 by means of identical data collection methods.

SETTING
Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Flemish Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Lithuania, Ireland, Israel, Portugal, Slovakia, Sweden, and the United States.

PARTICIPANTS
A total of 29 242 boys and girls, aged 13 and 15 years.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
The BMI, BMI at or above the 85th centile, and BMI at or above the 95th centile (overweight) from self-reported height and weight.

RESULTS
The highest prevalence of overweight was found in the United States and the lowest in Lithuania. On the basis of the study reference standard, the prevalence of overweight (percentage) in the United States was 12.6% in 13-year-old boys, 10.8% in 13-year-old girls, 13.9% in 15-year-old boys, and 15.1% in 15-year-old girls, all significantly increased. Prevalence of overweight in Lithuania was significantly below the expected 5%, with 1.8% in 13-year-old boys, 2.6% in 13-year-old girls, 0.8% in 15-year-old boys, and 2.1% in 15-year-old girls. Relative rankings among countries were similar for BMI at or above the 85th centile, although there were less dramatic differences at this level.

CONCLUSIONS
The highest prevalences of overweight were found in the United States, Ireland, Greece, and Portugal.


Synthetic Seed Production for Germplasm Conservation of Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) Satyaprakash R Settipalli Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) is an important medicinal plant, native to Canada and Eastern United States, used as an antibiotic, anticonvulsant and in treatments for inflammations and dyspepsia. Over collection of wild population and native habitat destruction has lead the species to be listed as an endangered species in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), Appendix II. This brought a revived interest in conservation of germplasm. Calcium alginate solid and hollow bead encapsulation protocols were evaluated. Shoot and callus propagules were encapsulated in calcium alginate solid bead (supplemented with stage II nutrient media) and hollow bead (no nutrient supplements) and were stored at 25°C and 5°C for either 4, 8 or 12 weeks. Best regeneration and viability were observed in 2.5% alginate concentrated solid shoot propagules that were stored at 5°C. By the end of 6 weeks of sub culturing 100% regeneration was achieved. Reduced (10%) regeneration was observed in callus propagules stored at 5°C, and all the callus propagules stored at 25°C were necrotic.


As material from an infalling protostellar envelope hits the forming disk, an accretion shock may develop which could (partially) alter the envelope material entering the disk. Observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) indicate that emission originating from warm SO and SO$_2$ might be good tracers of such accretion shocks. The goal of this work is to test under what shock conditions the abundances of gas-phase SO and SO$_2$ increase in an accretion shock at the disk-envelope interface. Detailed shock models including gas dynamics are computed using the Paris-Durham shock code for non-magnetized J-type accretion shocks in typical inner envelope conditions. The effect of pre-shock density, shock velocity, and strength of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation field on the abundance of warm SO and SO$_2$ is explored. Warm gas-phase chemistry is efficient in forming SO under most J-type shock conditions considered. In lower-velocity (~3 km/s) shocks, the abundance of SO is increased through subsequent reactions starting from thermally desorbed CH$_4$ toward H$_2$CO and finally SO. In higher velocity (>4 km/s) shocks, both SO and SO$_2$ are formed through reactions of OH and atomic S. The strength of the UV radiation field is crucial for SO and in particular SO$_2$ formation through the photodissociation of H$_2$O. Thermal desorption of SO and SO$_2$ ice is only relevant in high-velocity (>5 km/s) shocks at high densities ($>10^7$ cm$^{-3}$). Warm emission from SO and SO$_2$ is a possible tracer of accretion shocks at the disk-envelope interface as long as a local UV field is present. Additional observations with ALMA at high-angular resolution could provide further constraints. Moreover, the James Webb Space Telescope will give access to other possible slow, dense shock tracers such as H$_2$, H$_2$O, and [S I] 25$\mu$m.


Resistance to quinolone has increased significantly and one of the most reasons is plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of PMQR in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram negative bacilli and to characterize these resistance genes. A total of 420 Gram negative bacilli clinical isolates were collected from patients attending Misr children hospital. Isolates were identified by biochemical reactions, while antimicrobial susceptibility testingwas done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ciprofloxacin were detected by E-test, whereas combined test method was used to detect extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. QnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MDRGram negative bacilli represented 68% (268/420); most of them were recovered from blood culture specimens (21%).Among these MDR isolates21%(60/268) were ciprofloxacin resistant; with MICs >32µg/ml in 95% of the isolates.ESBL production was detected in 11.7% of the studied isolates. The qnr genes were detected in 60%. QnrS and qnrB were the detected genes in 77.8% and 16.7% of the isolates respectively. Both qnrB and qnrS genes were determined simultaneously in 5.5%.QnrB gene was found alone in only one isolate (14.3%) that was ESBL-producer. The most MDR isolates were recovered from blood culture; this confirms the occurrence of these superbugs and their ability to cause life threatening infections. The prevalence of quinolone resistant Gram negative bacilli clinical isolates is high. The mostly prevalent PMQR gene is qnrS followed by qnrB.


Poster: "ECR 2018 / C-1031 / Comparative Study of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, FDG PET/CT and skeletal survey (SS) for initial staging and follow-up of patients with multiple myeloma" by: "J. A. Del Pozo Jimenez1, M. Herreros Perez2, J. M. MUNOZ OLMEDO2, B. Aguado Bueno2, L. Fernanda Leon2, N. Gomez Leon2; 1Madrid, Espana/ES, 2Madrid/ES"


The present paper aims to propose a new type of mutual information maximization method to produce humanly interpretable networks, using information on correlation between inputs and targets for creating more easily interpretable connection weights. Multi-layered neural networks have been extensively used in many application fields due to their strong prediction performance, but the neural networks have the serious shortcoming of difficulty in interpreting their inference mechanism. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a method to produce interpretable results, particularly humanly interpretable ones. For interpretation, we have so far introduced mutual information maximization to simplify complex networks and disentangle connection weights for easy interpretation. The final connection weights were simple enough for interpretation, but the simplified results could not necessarily be accepted by humans, or at least human experts. To make the interpretation more easily understood by humans, we try here to modify our mutual information maximization to produce final connection weights by taking into account correlation coefficients between inputs and targets in the training data set. This means that the final important inputs should be selected by considering direct correlations between inputs and targets, and more notably, the important ones should be chosen among those inputs with a strong correlation with the corresponding targets. This makes it possible to relate the final results to the actual correlations between inputs and targets widely accepted in many fields. The method was applied to two data sets. One was the well-known glass data set, while the other was the real eye-tracking data set. In both cases, the new method could improve generalization performance, and in addition, for the eye-tracking data set, it was found that the results could be more naturally interpreted.


The present invention provides the high temperature properties superior secondary batteries, such as can be a high current density electrode plate applied, and a lithium polymer battery, as in the hybrid-type secondary battery, and that relates to a production method, a technical problem to be solved by a lithium-ion battery have. For this aspect of the solutions according to the invention is such that the gel electrolyte position, the anode and cathode, the advantages and benefits hybrid secondary battery and a method of manufacturing the aggregate of the lithium-ion battery of the lithium polymer battery and so that the liquid electrolyte position It is disclosed. Hybrid, a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, a gel-like electrolyte, a liquid electrolyte


In this paper,measurements of rubies impregnated with organic-inorganic substance were carried out by micro-confocal Raman spectrometer(785nm),XRF and infrared spectrometer.Based on analyses afterwards,it was shown that Raman shifts near at 1353cm-1 with 500cm-1 FWHM is attributed to lead glass,which was employed to cover interior cracks of ruby;While Raman shifts near at 2331,2874 and 3285cm-1 and infrared absorption bands near at 2927 and 2856cm-1,which are attributed to organic substance,might be being in Raman and IR spectra of rubies impregnated with organic substance.


Abstract Physician behaviors that constitute patient-centered examinations are usually modeled informally by preceptors at the bedside. This guide supplements and codifies some of those informal ye...


The utility model relates to a standing and hanging dualpurpose indoor unit of an air conditioner, which is provided with an electric auxiliary heating unit. The utility model comprises a chassis, a wind wheel, a water collecting disk, and an evaporator, wherein, an electric auxiliary heating component is arranged on the evaporator; the electric auxiliary heating component comprises an electric heating part, and both ends of the heating part are provided with installing seats, and the center part of the heating part is provided with an auxiliary support; the electric auxiliary heating component is installed on a bracket on the evaporator through the installing seats. The utility model has the advantages of good starting performance under low temperature and good heating effect under low temperature.


The staggered grid algorithm was originally invented for achieving better stability and e-ciency in the flnite difierence time domain (FDTD) method for modeling the electromag- netic wave propagation. Seismologists extended the staggered grid approach to the pseudospectral time domain (PSTD) scheme to model seismic wave propagation. However, no detailed formu- lation of the staggered grid approach for electromagnetic (EM) simulations has been explicitly discussed. We present the staggered grid PSTD for EM simulations by shifting the spatial deriva- tives halfway between 2 adjacent nodes and making the Nyquist wave number a non-zero pure real value of i…=¢x. By doing this, the Nyquist information of the original spatial function is preserved, and the difierentiation operator is more stable. In the Fourier domain, adding trigono- metric factors in the classic Fourier coe-cients is equivalent to the staggered grid approach in the original space domain. A staggered grid PSTD algorithm makes the time marching more stable, and numerical dispersion is suppressed for models with sharp contrasts in material properties. In this paper, we have applied the staggered grid PSTD method to 2.5D electromagnetic wave propagation simulations using the real Fourier transform. We discuss this method and apply it to model a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) system.


In this Policy Note I explain why it is important the Australian Government adopt a national implementation plan for roll-out of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda at home and as part of the nation's international development and humanitarian assistance efforts from now until 2030.


7553Background: MDS and AML diagnosis requires an integrated approach including morphologic, cytogenetic and molecular testing. The WHO classification criteria for MDS and AML diagnosis were update...


edum lineare is the major herbaceous plant in roof greening in China at present.This paper described the ecological characteristics of S.lineare as well as its ecological,economic and social benefits in roof greening.The author summarized the cultivation techniques(including seed collecting,seedling cultivation and pest control) of S.lineare and construction techniques in roof greening.


A RANS model for spilling breaking waves is developed, which can be implemented with ship hydrodynamics RANS CFD codes. The model is based on the Cointe & Tulin theory of steady breakers. The breaker cross section is assumed triangular with maximum height determined by the theoretical/experimental linear relationship with following wave height. Pressure and velocity boundary conditions are imposed on the dividing streamline between the breaker and underlying flow based on the hydrostatic and mixing layer models. An iterative solution procedure provides a unique solution for specified breaking criteria and simulation conditions. The model is implemented using CFDSHIP-IOWA and validated using spilling breaking wave benchmark data for two-dimensional submerged hydrofoils. As with other current RANS codes, wave elevations are under-predicted. However, for the first time in literature, the breaking wave wake is predicted


The purpose of this article was to analyze the profile of bibliometric production published on intellectual property in the interval of 20 years, in the period from 1998 to 2018.The research was conducted in the scientific databases of the Google Scholar platform and Scopus. The searches carried out in the databases took place through the insertion of the keywords "propriedade intelectual" (term in Portuguese) and "intellectual property" in the field referring to the "title" of the cited databases.During the searches 37,099 publications related to the topic intellectual property were identified. Among the areas of knowledge identified in the research, the one that had the most prominence in the number of publications was Social Sciences, with 1,237 articles published. With regard to the authors, the highlight in the amount of publications was to the American professor Keith Eugene Maskus, with 11 articles published. According to the survey, the journal with the highest number of publications was the Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, published by the Indian National Institute of Communication and Scientific Information Resources, with 73 articles. It is worth noting that most of these articles were written in English, in total 2,399 articles were published in that language.The country with the largest number of publications on intellectual property was the United States, with 767 articles published, 27 of which were published by the University of California, Berkeley. Keywords—Bibliometrics, Scientific Production, Intellectual Property.


This study investigates Chinese middle school math teachers' job satisfaction in contrast to international literature.Chinese teachers are found to be satisfied with factors such as work stability,salary stability,official summer and winter vacations,and leadership and peer support.Unsatisfactory factors include low salary and teacher evaluation.These findings were consistent with those found in the international literature.An unique factor found in this study is that the new generations are difficult to educate.


Multiprotocol label switching is the latest and developing technology in the world of the internet. It speeds up the network by using the technique of label instead of an IP address. It provides reliable transmission of data with high speed and low delay. For efficient use of network utilization MPLS has a key feature of QoS. Due to the effective utilization of network resources, minimum delay and predictable performance MPLS technology make it more appropriate for implementing multimedia type applications. In this research, the performance of MPLS technology is compared with the traditional IP network for multimedia traffic in node scalable networks. For simulating and comparing the performance of both technologies OPNET modular 14.5 is used. This comparison is done on the basis of network performance parameters such as packet loss/ traffic drop, end-to-end delay, and throughput. Finally, the results have been evaluated which show that MPLS technology provides better performance as compared to IP in node scalable environment.


Germline mutations in the TP53 gene confer increased risk of diverse malignancies in children and adults in the Li Fraumeni cancer susceptibility syndrome, a rare condition with estimated prevalence of about 1 in 3,555 in the population. The Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT) study is a registry of individuals undergoing genetic testing for inherited cancer susceptibility using multi-gene panels regardless of test results and agreeing to participate in questionnaire studies about their experience. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the psychosocial experience of genetic testing and level of genetic understanding and knowledge differs for those who have a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) compared to those with a pathogenic TP53 variant. We evaluated data from 69 eligible participants from the PROMPT Study. Using an electronic survey, we assessed their TP53 knowledge and understanding with the KnowGene instrument, as well as their psychosocial experiences with the FACToR subscales. Differences in instrument performance were evaluated by variant class. Respondents with a pathogenic variant (those with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, "LFS") had significantly higher levels of distress compared to those with a VUS. Respondents with a pathogenic variant had moderately higher levels of genetic knowledge and understanding compared to those with a VUS. This exploratory project demonstrates the need for more comprehensive work assessing the burden of LFS on individuals testing positive for pathogenic variants in the TP53 gene on germline genetic evaluation.


For more than 40 years the association of German electricity supply companies (Vereinigung Deutscher Elektrizitfitswerke - VDEW - e.V.) has been editing the publication series entitled »terminology used in the energy supply industry« (Begriffsbestimmungen in der Energiewirtschaft). Since 1992 VDEW has been supported by the federal association of the German gas and water industries (Bundesverband der deutschen Gas- und Wasserwirtschaft e.V. - BGW) as co-editor. At the moment the publication series comprises altogether ten brochures, each of which dealing with another field of terms and definitions. Definition work always has been and still is subject to further development. There- fore, the trade associations within the energy supply industry are making efforts to examine the terms and definitions used in the different professional fields as to whether or not they still comply with the needs in practical operation.


The UK government could begin to privatise part of the NHS Blood and Transplant service in a move that could see private companies profiting from the thousands of free blood donations given each day in the country.

The Department of Health for England is reviewing how the service currently operates. A department spokeswoman said that the government would be "considering the experience and skills that exist in the private sector to identify opportunities for making NHSBT [NHS Blood and Transplant] more commercially effective."

She added that the government was …


Objective:To observe the Anti-Inflammatory,analgesic,hemostasis action and effect of gastrointestinal motility by aqueous extract of root and stem of Rosa cymosa.Methods:The Pharmacological Activities of Rosa cymosa Aqueous Extract of root and stem were studied with comparison test of different route of administration.Results:The Aqueous Extract of root and stem could inhibition of gastric peristalsis significantly,against neostigmine-induced intestinal peristalsis hyperfunction in mice,short coagulation time obviously,reduce writhing number caused by acetic acid,increase pain threshold of Photothermal tail pain mice,inhibite of xylene induced mouse ear swelling and carrageenan induced rat paw swelling.Conclusion:The Rosa cymosa Aqueous Extract of root and stem exerts significant Anti-Inflammatory,analgesic,hemostasis action and effect of gastrointestinal motility,and the pharmacological activities of root is better than the stem slightly.


COVID-19 as a pandemic was both disturbing and shocking. While people were so confused and lost direction on how to deal with it, they also panicked and tried every way to make themselves and their relatives safe. People develop procedures that require advanced equipment to support those high-cost and complex procedures. People prioritize cleanliness in order to maintain a safe environment. Elaborating tafseer Al-Maidah verse 6 can be a constructive alternative to maintaining cleanliness. The cleanliness standard procedure in Islam was simplified, but it maintained obedience's deep meaning. Ablution (wudu) is the main procedure with preconditions and also offers alternatives for specific conditions. Water and dry sand (clean earth) are hygiene agents for cleanliness procedures and purification.


Using energy‐loss spectroscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray analysis, electron diffraction, and He+‐ion channeling the reaction of Fe during implantation into Si(111) has been investigated at various target temperatures and implantation doses. In samples implanted at 275 °C with 2.8×1017 Fe+ cm−2 a continuous α‐FeSi2 layer accompanied by α‐phase precipitates is formed. At 450 °C Fe agglomerates mostly in α‐phase precipitates with only a few being β‐FeSi2. At 350 °C 1×1017 Fe+ cm−2 produce precipitates electronically close to FeSi2 but crystallographically poorly defined. At 4×1017 Fe+ cm−2 a β‐FeSi2 layer is formed at the surface and a 20‐nm‐thick α‐FeSi2 one followed by α‐FeSi2 precipitates deeper in the volume. Channeling reveals a minimum yield decreasing with dose indicating improved α‐phase crystal quality. A sharp increase at 3.3×1017 cm−2 indicates an α–β phase transition. FeSi has not been detected. Precipitates of well defined silicide phases are formed already during implantation. Dose and temperatu...


Objective
To investigate the risk factors for pulmonary complications in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and the impact on outcome.

Methods
Patients with aSAH admitted to the First People's Hospital of Tianmen from January 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled retrospectively. The demographic and baseline data of the patients were collected. Pulmonary complications mainly included pulmonary infection, acute lung injury, and neurogenic pulmonary edema. Clinical outcomes were assessed after 6 months using the modified Rankin scale, 0-3 was defined as good outcome and >3 was defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for pulmonary complications and poor outcome.

Results
A total of 230 patients with aSAH were enrolled, with an average age of 57 years, 135 males and 95 females. One hundred and twenty patients (52.2%) complicated with pulmonary complications, 113 of them complicated with hospital-acquired pneumonia, 5 complicated with acute lung injury, and 2 complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema. One hundred and seventy-two patients (74.8%) had good outcomes and 58 had poor outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Hunt-Hess grade 3-5 (odds ratio[OR]1.500, 95% confidence interval[CI]1.043-2.159; P=0.029), Fisher grade 3-4 (OR 1.366, 95% CI 1.031-1.089; P=0.022), and tracheotomy or mechanical ventilation (OR 1.662, 95% CI 1.002-2.757; P=0.049) were the independent risk factors for pulmonary complications; Hunt-Hess grade 3-5 (OR 1.840, 95% CI 1.590-2.129; P<0.001), Fisher grade 3-4 (OR 3.522, 95% CI 3.056-4.058; P<0.001), ventricular casting (OR 2.130, 95% CI 1.258-3.609; P=0.005), and pulmonary complications (OR 1.531, 95% CI 1.186-1.975; P=0.001) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome.

Conclusions
Higher Hunt-Hess and Fisher grades and tracheotomy or mechanical ventilation were associated with the increased risk of pulmonary complications in patients with aSAH. The occurrence of pulmonary complications had adverse effects on the clinical outcomes of patients.

Key words:
Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Intracranial aneurysm; Pneumonia; Acute lung injury; Pulmonary edema; Treatment outcome; Risk factors


For several decades, researchers have been using the world's most powerful lasers to try to recreate the fusion reaction that occurs in stars. The process, called inertial confinement fusion (ICF), uses multiple laser beams to compress and heat a small, spherical target containing nuclear fuel, in order to ignite thermonuclear fusion. In principle, the heat released from the reaction could provide an alternative energy source, but the challenges to achieving ignition are many. One, in particular, is to understand and control a process first identified in the mid1990s [1] called crossed-beam energy transfer (CBET), in which the laser beams exchange energy with each other as they overlap in the plasma. In laser-driven fusion experiments, CBET occurs just before the laser beams deposit their energy into the target. The effect can therefore modify the finely tuned symmetry of the beams [2, 3] or cause energy to leak out of the target [4, 5].


A new type of psychosurgical technique, namely, prefrontal lobectomy, is described. The advantages of this procedure over prefrontal lobotomy are presented. The results of prefrontal lobectomy are reported in 14 patients with 85.7% showing moderate to marked improvement. This series of cases consisted predominantly of chronic schizophrenia, 11 of the cases being classified as dementia praecox. Moderate to marked improvement followed lobectomy in 82.6% of the latter group of patients. In general, the results for this new psychosurgical procedure compare well with the published reports for prefrontal lobotomy.


The Australian Curriculum: English, Mathematics and Science (and History from 2013) identifies what Queensland students are now expected to know and do by the end of their Prep year. This is different to the developmentally-focused curriculum previously used in Prep which described student progress across phases of learning. Prep teachers continue to have high expectations that all students can achieve and perform, and have therefore set high expectations for their own practice with the implementation of the Australian Curriculum.


Objective:To study efficacy and safety,clinical application of laryngeal mask anesthesia and endotracheal intubation anesthesia in infants.Methods:The clinical data of 126 cases of infant(observation group) from December 2008 to December 2010 in our hospital using laryngeal mask anesthesia were retrospectively analysed,and anesthesia with tracheal intubation over the same period 126 cases of infants as the control group.Rheology of narcotic control point(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP) changes,and the incidence of anesthetic complications of all patients were compared.Results:Hemodynamics of the anesthesia monitoring sites of observation group was stable than that of the control group.Extubation time of the observation group was(62.5±7.4) s,with awaking time(118.7±12.3) s;extubation time of control group was(322.5±71.0) s,with awaking time(482.1±117.9) s,extubation time and awaking time of observation group compared with the control group were significantly shorter,the difference between two groups was statistically significant(P0.05).2 cases with a slight lung infection found in the observation recovered after drug treatment.Conclusion:Laryngeal mask anesthesia is simple,with the advantages of hemodynamic stability in children,airway trauma small and anesthesia revive fast,surgery may be required to meet the baby,is worthy of clinical application.


Our current understanding of semiarid ecosystems is that they tend to display higher vegetation greenness on polar‐facing slopes (PFS) than on equatorial‐facing slopes (EFS). However, recent studies have argued that higher vegetation greenness can occur on EFS during part of the year. To assess whether this seasonal reversal of aspect‐driven vegetation is a common occurrence, we conducted a global‐scale analysis of vegetation greenness on a monthly time scale over an 18‐year period (2000–2017). We examined the influence of climate seasonality on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values of PFS and EFS at 60 different catchments with aspect‐controlled vegetation located across all continents except Antarctica. Our results show that an overwhelming majority of sites (70%) display seasonal reversal, associated with transitions from water‐limited to energy‐limited conditions during wet winters. These findings highlight the need to consider seasonal variations of aspect‐driven vegetation patterns in ecohydrology, geomorphology, and Earth system models.


The goal of this literature review is to assess the various elements of diversity. Diversity as a factor that encompasses several variables and such variables do not operate in isolation. Therefore, a concise understanding of the features of diversity is required to address the challenges that arise due to diversity. This paper begins with a formal review of the definition of diversity and then proceeds with various studies that shed light on the multiple layers of diversity. We will review the three dominant forms of diversity that include: Cultural diversity, Demographics diversity and Ethnic Diversity. Appropriate sub-divisions of various variables have been made wherever necessary. Each component of diversity is further analysed in isolation as well as in integration with other systems. The sub-divisions of several components of diversity has been used to gain insight into its core layers, which might usually remain subtle or are unpredictable, for example ambivalent sexism. Finally, in the concluding section an attempt has been made to analyse the current scenarios in which diversity may act as a dependent or an independent variable. Analysis of present scenario is made in the context of improvements in communication and technology and how these developmental processes have influenced the various variables of diversity.