The purpose of this paper is to analyze the cycle of residential land price in China from 1998 to 2007 by choosing three indicators: countrywide residential land price,high-grade residential land price and ordinary residential land price.Method of spectral analysis was employed.The results show that: the countrywide residential land price,high-grade residential land price and ordinary residential land price all fluctuated about 4 quarters;the ordinary residential land took up the main proportion in all of the residential land,and had an huge influence on the countrywide residential land price;the changing direction of high-grade residential land price was reversed comparing to that of countrywide residential land price and ordinary residential land price,and the changing span of high-grade residential land price was the widest among the three indicators.It is concluded that the government should increase the supply of ordinary residential land as well as improve the monitoring and disclosure mechanism of land price further.


Background: Reports on malaria and HIV coinfections in exposed infants from tropical countries are scarce. Results: The case of a 2-month-old HIV-exposed Nigerian infant who presented with intermittent fever at a Nigerian tertiary hospital is reported. The rarity of the case and the challenges associated with making the diagnosis informed our decision to report the case. Conclusion: Diagnosing malaria in HIV-exposed infants in early infancy requires a high index of suspicion, good knowledge of the clinical presentation, and appropriate microbiological investigations for sepsis and malaria. Further studies need to be conducted on the association between malaria and HIV exposure.


those ideals and ideas are infused with a strong dose of religion. One chapter, 'Sacrament', is specifically devoted to the religious rituals practised by guilds, but most chapters deal with ideals that straddle the religious and the secular. Even though Christianity had much to offer in all these areas, Rosser reminds his readers that there were also important pre-Christian roots, rediscovered during precisely the late Middle Ages. These values, the author seems to imply, were as such not unique to the period; the guilds were, however, the historically specific form in which they were expressed and practised. Chapter titles imply that Rosser very much sees the guilds as the embodiments of a set of ideals: 'Ethics', 'Friendship', 'Trust' and finally 'Community'. Guilds emerged from the 'social instability' of the age, but also a 'new ethical perspective' in the late Middle Ages (p. 37). This perspective came from Aristotle as much as from Abelard. The congruence between their ideas and the practices in guilds is indeed striking, but one wonders how many of the guildsmen and women had actually read these authors – or had otherwise become acquainted with their ideas. This is an important question, because joining a guild was a voluntary act, and if the number of guilds was as high as Rosser claims, hundreds of thousands must have done so. The ethical perspective was that of mutuality. As the regulations of the fraternity of St Anne, established in 1342 in the church of St Lawrence Jewry in London, expressed the guild's purpose: 'in maintenance of good love and for to nourish good and true company in destruction and amendment of men of wicked fame and evil bearing by way of alms and charity' (p. 107). The guilds, in their religious form, came to an end with the Reformation and the establishment of the Church of England. This next phase of communal life falls outside the scope of the book, but it does raise an issue about the role of these many voluntary associations: if English society could manage without them, what does this imply about the part they played in the preceding centuries. Or, phrased differently: what took their place after the mid-sixteenth century? Rosser's book is unfashionable in an attractive way. It does not defend a Grand Thesis. It takes seriously forgotten historians from nineteenth-century Germany. Even if the chapters' titles chime with modern discussions about 'community', the author refuses to fall for easy connections with the present. The compact text, dense but easy to read, constantly invites reflection. Historians will ignore this book at their own peril.


An image hash, a discriminative and robust summary of an image, should be robust against quality-preserving signal processing steps, while being pairwise independent for perceptually different inputs. In order to improve the hash matching performance, this paper proposes a probabilistic dissimilarity matching. Instead of extracting the binary hash from the query image, we compute the probability that the intermediate hash vector of the query image belongs to each quantization bin, which is referred to as soft quantization binning. The probability is used as a weight in comparing the binary hash of the query with that stored in a database. A performance evaluation over sets of image distortions shows that the proposed probabilistic matching method effectively improves the hash matching performance as compared with the conventional Hamming distance.


Ongoing development and reform of health care systems worldwide are directing the attention of policymakers to the significance of mental disorders and ensuing disabilities. While this awareness has encouraged empirical work and scientific literature on disabilities associated with mental disorders, insufficient attention has been paid to issues of gender in the context of mental disorder and disability. This paper draws on four data sets-the 1994-96 Disability Survey; the 1992 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS); Social Security Disability Programs; and the recent international measure of Disability-Adjusted Life Years-to explore relationships among gender, mental disorders, and disability in the United States and to consider the special needs presented by women disabled by mental disorders for service development and service configuration. Generally younger than women disabled by physical disorders, women with mental disorders tend to be in their prime child-bearing years. While in the United States private sector managed care programs increasingly are perceived as the most reasonable way to provide health services in a fiscally responsible way, there appears to exist an implicit notion that managed care is intended exclusively for provision of acute care and preventive services. There is little discussion or exploration of the use of managed care systems for rehabilitation generally, or of the particular rehabilitation needs of young women. The implications for the additional "burden" of disabilities along with the potential risk factor of traditional female roles require serious consideration and enlightened policies. Mental


Abstract:Backgrounds: Many surgical techniques have been described for management of grade III gynecomastia. Nipple–areola complex (NAC) free transfer, inferior and superior pedicle techniques have been published in the literatures for treatment of grade III gynecomastia. In order to reduce the excess skin, all theses techniques leave acceptable scars. Original postero-inferior technique was described to improve the aesthetic outcome with preserving the neurovascular pedicle of the areola. This technique maintains the sensitivity and vitality of the new areola, but postoperative rates of breast contour and NAC were still not satisfactory. In this study, we described a new modified postero-inferior technique and compared its functional and aesthetic outcomes to that of the original technique. Aim of this study: is to compare the functional and aesthetic outcomes as well as patients' satisfaction of the original and modified postero-inferior pedicle techniques in patients with grade III gynecomastia.Patients and Methods: 12 adult patients suffering from grade III gynecomastia were included in this cohort prospective study. Patients were treated surgically by modified postero-inferior technique. Post operative aesthetic and functional outcomes, as well as patients' satisfaction were evaluated by patients' questionnaires and compared to that of the original technique.Results: In comparison to the original technique, aesthetic outcome of modified technique showed more patient satisfaction as regards chest contour (Q1) and NAC rating (Q2) with the same rate of patients' satisfaction as regards functional outcomes (nipple sensitivity and parathesia) also both techniques showed postoperative intact vascularity of the new NAC. Rate of complications decreased from 33% in the original technique to 16.7% in the modified technique with 100% postoperative rate of NAC symmetry. Conclusion: The new modified postero-inferior technique improves the postoperative aesthetic outcomes as well as it preserves the same functional outcomes, if compared with that of the original technique.


A Bayesian inversion framework is presented to estimate the yield of an explosion and height-of-burst/depth-of-burial (HOB/DOB) using seismic and air pressure data. This is accomplished by first calibrating the parameters in the forward models that relate the observations to the yield and HOB/DOB and then using the calibrated model to estimate yield and HOB/DOB associated with a new set of seismic and air pressure observations. The MCMC algorithms required to perform these steps are outlined, and the results with real data are shown. Finally, an extension is proposed for a case when clustering in the seismic displacement occurs as a function of different types of rock and other factors.


Aiming at the development of a less energy-consumptive process for producing hydrogen storag materials, an experimental study was carried out on the direct production of Ni-Rm (Rm: mixture of La, Ce, Pr and Nd) compounds from the mischmetal oxides by the reduction-diffusion (R-D) method. In the R-D process, a mischmetal oxide was reduced by metallic calcium at temperatures of 950, 1, 000 and 1, 050°C in the presence of nickel particles (size:-100, +200 mesh) and the reduced mischmetal elements diffused into the particles to directly form a Ni5Rm compound.An optical microscopic observation and an EPMA analysis of the reacted nickel particles revealed that three layers of Ni4Rm, Ni5Rm and Ni5Ca were formed topochemically from outside to inside the particle, and that the Ni5Ca layer was always sandwiched between the Ni5Rm layer and the unreacted nickel core, suggesting that a reaction of the diffused mischmetal elements with Ni5Ca to form Ni5Rm, Ni5Ca+ Rm=Ni5Rm+ Ca, occurred. Volume fractions of the Ni4Rm and Ni5Rm layers, which were determined for the particles with an average diameter of 200 pm, using an image analyzer, were found to rapidly increase with the reaction time, and the unreacted nickel disappeared in 135, 55 and 45 minutes at 950, 1, 000 and 1, 050°C, respectively.The experimental results were discussed based on the unreacted core model and a reactive diffusion mechanism, focusing on the role of Ni5Ca which enhanced the rate of formation of Ni5Rm.


The commonest definition of a Guideline, which is adopted in the National Guideline System (SNLG), states that "guidelines are recommendations for clinical behaviour, produced by the systematic review of literature and of the opinion of experts, with the purpose of helping doctors and patients to decide what the most appropriate method of treatment might be in specific clinical situations". This guideline should not be confused with other tools, that are proposed to improve clinical practice, such as protocols, which are generally used in a research context and more binding, or diagnostic-therapeutic procedures, which should represent the translation into practice of guidelines in a specific healthcare structure. This document is not a directive that each doctor is bound to apply to every patient, but rather a guide prepared by experts in different disciplines on the basis of the best scientific evidence available, able to illustrate the benefits and risks of possible alternatives, leaving responsibility for the decisions to the operators and to the preferences of the patients who must be suitably informed and therefore in a position to evaluate and decide.


Invasive species (IS) cause major environmental damages, costing approximately $1.4 Trillion globally. Early detection and rapid response (EDRR) is key to mitigating IS growth, but current EDRR methods are highly inadequate at addressing IS growth. In this paper, a machine-learning-based approach to combat IS spread is proposed, in which identification, detection, and prediction of IS growth are automated in a novel mobile application and scalable models. This paper details the techniques used for the novel development of deep, multi-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to detect the presence of IS in both 2D and 3D spaces, as well as the creation of geospatial Long Short-Term Memory (LSTMs) models to then accurately quantify, simulate, and project invasive species' future environmental spread. Results from conducting training and in-field validation studies show that this new methodology significantly improves current EDRR methods, by drastically decreasing the intensity of manual field labor while providing a toolkit that increases the efficiency and efficacy of ongoing efforts to combat IS. Furthermore, this research presents scalable expansion into dynamic LIDAR and aerial detection of IS growth, with the proposed toolkit already being deployed by state parks and national environmental/wildlife services.


The problems about stationary targets imaging and moving targets detection based on airship conformal sparse array antenna are investigated in this paper. All radar subarrays transmit orthogonal frequency signals simultaneously. For stationary targets imaging, an equivalent full array is obtained through multiple phase center aperture synthesis principle. Then the stationary targets imaging can be achieved by back projection (BP) algorithm for each sub-band signal. To improve the range resolution, all the results are coherently accumulated. For moving targets detection, multiple-pulse signals are transmitted by the transmitting subarray to achieve clutter suppression by MTI. After applying range compression to each sub-band signal, the data in the same range cell, in which moving targets exist, is chosen to reconstruct the azimuth locations of the moving targets by the compressed sensing (CS) method. Similarly, all the results will be incoherently accumulated to improve the moving targets detection SNR.


Judgments of soil colour differences rely almost entirely upon subjective assessments. This paper describes a more objective numerical technique for grouping the 350 possible colour chips on the 'Munsell Soil Color Charts' (235 actual chips and an additional 115 interjacent chips that correspond to integer steps of chroma for hues 5R to 5Y). A polythetic, divisive classification produced 10 internally consistent groups of colours that have been described and named. It is proposed that soil colours can be adequately described for many purposes simply by reference to these colour groups. The 10 groups have been used to define generalized soil colour names.


This article revisits one of the main thesis that crisscrosses Gilberto Freyre's celebrated work, namely, that Brazilian society, itself the outcome of a unique historical formation, succeeded in softening, sometimes even resisting with a great deal of creativity, a set of mental, behavioral, aesthetic as well as institutional standards that imposed themselves from the 19th century onwards. While paying due attention to the connotations of time and space found in the work of Freyre I am especially interested in analyzing how he envisages contemporary Brazil as a successful modern experience of its own rather than an imperfect or distorted version of Western modernity. Last but not least, I will probe into the potential contributions of Freyre's formulations to the sociological discourse of modernity.


The Internet Balancing Formula (IBF) is a mathematical instrument to increase the rational and transparent aspects of balancing conflicting human rights online. It is based on the relative weight and intensity of conflicting rights. The numerical value of these rights is arrived at by applying mathematical scales to various input elements. This formula is easy to use and could be applied globally by private online stakeholders. Robert Alexy has entered into debate with Susi, pointing out similarities and differences between his Weight Formula and the IBF, and advancing the concreteness thesis. Alexy views the Weight Formula as general and abstract, whereas the IBF is specific and particular. Both Alexy and Susi are of the opinion that such formula is highly needed to respond to the theoretical and practical uncertainties and divergent practices of online stakeholders. Susi replies to Alexy's critique in a separate article


We investigated endotoxemia as one of the mechanisms of acute injury to the gaster after extended hemihepatectomy in the experiment. The concentration of SLAMW increases with prevalence of catabolic pool in blood of the vein portae in the gastrointestinal tract in condition of acute portal hypertension, that allows to ascertain forming of endotoxemy in early post operation period after extended hemihepatectomy. Structural changes in the gaster were revealed at all terms of the experiment: forming the acute ulcers were observed after 12 hours.


Much of the discussion in the majority and dissenting opinions in Fourth Circuit case United States v, Whorley, 550 F.3d 326 (4th Cir. 2008) focuses on first amendment freedom of expression. However, there is in my view an evasiveness in the handling of this case and cases like it. Cultural processes of disavowal and neurosis are central to cases like Whorley, and the courts both respond to those cultural processes and participate in them. My inquiry into the court's opinions in Whorley and a Seventh Circuit case, Doe v. City of Lafayette, Indiana, 377 F.3d 757 (7th Cir. 2004) (en banc) attempts to go beyond a legal analysis of obscenity law into what scholars in various fields have called the "cultural unconscious" of law.Part I of this article explains the legal framework that gave rise to Whorley by examining the expansion of obscenity law into child pornography law, and closely examines the appeals court's majority opinion in Whorley. In Part II, this article discusses the issue of punishment in Whorley, considering at length the dissent's claim that the holding in Whorley criminalizes thoughts, violating the First Amendment. Part II also examines the figure of the "predator" in the courts. This analysis is aided by reading Whorley alongside Doe v. City of Lafayette, Indiana, another case that arguably criminalizes thoughts in the putative service of protecting children. Finally, Part III gives Whorley consideration more generally in the context of the chilling effects it may have on artistic expression that legitimately challenges how we think about children, sexuality and the freedom of expression.


BACKGROUND
Peripheral arterial thrombolysis is technique used in the management of peripheral arterial ischaemia. Much is known about the indications, risks and benefits of thrombolysis. However, it is not known whether thrombolysis works better than surgery in the initial treatment of acute limb ischaemia.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the preferred initial treatment, surgery or thrombolysis, for acute limb ischaemia.

SEARCH METHODS
For this update the Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases Group Trials Search Co-ordinator searched the Specialised Register (last searched March 2013) and CENTRAL (2013, Issue 2).

SELECTION CRITERIA
All randomised studies comparing thrombolysis and surgery for the initial treatment of acute limb ischaemia.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Each author independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Agreement was reached by consensus.

MAIN RESULTS
Five trials with a total of 1283 participants were included. There was no significant difference in limb salvage or death at 30 days, six months or one year between initial surgery and initial thrombolysis. However, stroke was significantly more frequent at 30 days in thrombolysis participants (1.3%) compared to surgery participants (0%) (Odds ratio (OR) 6.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.57 to 26.22). Major haemorrhage was more likely at 30 days in thrombolysis participants (8.8%) compared to surgery participants (3.3%) (OR 2.80; 95% CI 1.70 to 4.60); and distal embolization was more likely at 30 days in thrombolysis participants (12.4%) compared to surgery participants (0%) (OR 8.35; 95% CI 4.47 to 15.58).Participants treated by initial thrombolysis underwent a less severe degree of intervention (OR 5.37; 95% CI 3.99 to 7.22) and displayed equivalent overall survival compared to initial surgery (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.61 to 1.25).

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Universal initial treatment with either surgery or thrombolysis cannot be advocated on the available evidence. There is no overall difference in limb salvage or death at one year between initial surgery and initial thrombolysis. Thrombolysis may be associated with a higher risk of ongoing limb ischaemia and haemorrhagic complications including stroke. The higher risk of complications must be balanced against risks of surgery in each person.


Water projects in less developed countries (LDCs) frequently are poorly operated and maintained. As a result, project benefits and development impacts fall short of plans. The problems begin in the project identification, design, and construction stages: donor and host country biases lead to inappropriate projects, unsustainable technologies, and shoddy construction. Later operation and maintenance are then difficult or impossible. Causal factors include donor desire to build monuments and sell technology, provision of excessive capital to favored sectors or institutions, and an unwillingness to require a reasonable quid pro quo from the host country. Host country factors include excessive administrative centralization, lack of rewards for good operation and maintenance, and widespread corruption in forms that seriously distort allocative efficiency. Until individual actors on both sides can be motivated to pursue the long-run good of the LDC, Third World water projects will continue to have low or negative net payoffs.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of nurse's compassionate competence and burnout on their communication behavior with dementia patients. The subjects of this study were 190 nurses who were taking care of patients with dementia at long-term care hospitals and who agreed with the survey. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and multiple regression. The communication behavior of nurses caring for dementia patients was found to have a significant correlation with compassionate competence and burnout. Multiple regression analysis showed that nurses' compassionate competence and burnout affected communication behavior, and the total explanatory power was 31%. It is suggested that the results of this study can be used as basic data for developing programs to improve communication behavior with patients with dementia.


As one of the case studies of geomorphic development of the young mobile regions, the author investigated two adjacent basins in the northern part of Akita Prefecture, Northeast Japan. They are the Hanawa Basin on the east and the Odate Basin on the west, and the Yoneshiro River which flows westward through the Takamori Mountains connects them with each other. These two basins are located in the so-called Green-tuff Region, a young mobile region which has developed since the biginning of Miocene. In Akita Prefecture the Green-tuff Region can be divided into two parts, one of which occupies the west and coastal side and is characterized by the upper Neogene Tertiary showing a folded structure with axis of N-S trend. The other part is characterized by lower Neogene Tertiary and Pre-Tertiary divided into many blocks by faults of various trends. The two basins are both located in the latter part and the shapes of the basins and the crustal movements concerned to the geomorphic development of the basins reflect the geologic structure above mentioned. The geomorphic development of each basin is summarized as follows. The Hanawa Basin-In a certain age of Pliocene the basin area, where mountainland of not low relief had existed, began to subside to become a depositional basin. Subsidence was caused by a southward tilting of a wedge-shaped block separated from the surrounding mountainl and by a NNE-SSW trend fault on the east edge and a NNW-SSE trend fault on the west edge. Thickness of the basin deposits, though varied reflecting the relief of the basal surface, becomes larger from north to south and reaches above 500m at the southern margin of the central part of the basin (few data are available in the southern part). In middle or late Pleistocene the basin area changed its movement to uplift and fill-top surface of the basin deposits was dissected to become separated terrace surfaces. At present these fill-top terrace surfaces are, though small in extent, left at 90m (in the northern _??_central part) _??_160m (in the southern part) higher than riverbeds. The southern part of the basin is separated from the central_??_northern part by a fault of E-W trend and has been uplifted faster so that the fill-top surface is higher and more levels of younger fluvial terraces are found. The Odate Basin Before the beginning of deposition the area now occupied by the Odate Basin was already of far lower relief than the surrounding mountainland, the reason of which was supposed that this area had been uplifted more slowly than the surroundings so that denudation by running water had proceeded more effectively to develop low relief topo-graphy. Then in a certain age of Pleistocene this area began to subside to become a deposi-tional basin. The crustal movements which caused the subsidence of the Odate Basin were similar to those of the Hanawa Basin, that is, southeastward tilting of a wedge-shaped block separated from the surroundings by a N-S trend fault on the east edge and by a NW-SF trend fault on the southwest edge. The basin is still subsiding except marginal parts and the thickness of the basin deposits is less than 100m, which is far thinner than those of the Ha-nawa Basin. From the latest Peistocene downward, Towada Volcano, which is situated to the northeast of the Hanawa Basin, threw out pyroclastics for several times, which deposited also in the Hanawa Basin and the Odate Basin. Soon after the deposition the Yoneshiro River and its tributaries dissected them to take back the former profiles. Terraces composed of these pyro-clastics, therefore, do not indicate crustal movements.


Abstract The phase equilibria of the ternary systems C-Co-Fe, C-Fe-Ni, and C-Cu-Fe are reviewed. The liquid-solid equilibria of the first two systems are now known quite accurately. In each case the liquidus projection shows three surfaces of primary crystallization, bcc (δFe), fcc (γFe, γCo, or (Ni)), and graphite. These surfaces are defined by two univariant reactions. One is of peritectic type where L + δFe ⇌ γFe and the other is of eutectic type where L ⇌ γFe + C. Solid-phase equilibria are less well documented apart from boundaries for the solubility limits in γFe. Metastable equilibria in which the participating phases are αFe, γFe, and (Fe, Ni)3C have been determined in the C-Fe-Ni system between 730 and 500°C. The third of the three systems, C-Cu-Fe, is very different. There is a wide liquid immiscibility gap, in which iron-rich and copper-rich liquids (denoted L1 and L2, respectively) co-exist. In addition, the behaviour on freezing is very sensitive to rates of cooling and a partial metastable d...


The restriction endonuclease variation in the 12 kb region surrounding twelve Adh null alleles extracted from three Tasmanian populations has been compared with normal alleles from the same populations. Each of the null alleles had the same haplotype as revealed by digestions with eight hexanucleotide restriction enzymes. This haplotype also occurred in 4 of the 46 chromosomes bearing normal alleles which were tested; these four chromosomes with the null allele haplotype carried the AdhS allele. The data suggest that the Adh null alleles from geographically separate populations share a common ancestry and are derived from the same mutation in an AdhS allele.


Coronavirus-associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs causes a worldwide syndrome called COVID19. In addition, a relation between COVID-19 and neurological symptoms has been proposed. The results of autopsies suggest thrombotic microangiopathy in multiple organs. As the pandemic continues, a growing body of evidence suggests that infected patients may develop significant coagulopathy with resultant thromboembolic complications including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke. However, related data are limited. A middle-aged patient diagnosed with COVID-19 developed clinical and neuroimaging evidence of acute stroke. The patient who initially presented with crescendo transitory ischemic attacks developed paraparesis. The diagnostic imaging revealed an ischemic stroke and suspicion of occlusion in a co-existing 70% stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) (Figure 1(a)) based on the NASCET criteria. The patient underwent surgical repair. The intraoperative situs showed local inflammatory response causing adherence of the vagus nerve to the carotid bifurcation. The preparation of the carotid bifurcation was technically demanding with risk of injury of the nerve. After arterioriotomy, we observed thrombotic occlusion of the entire extracranial segment of the ICA which was treated by open embolectomy and endarterectomy of the carotid bifurcation (Figure 1(b)) with bovine pericardium patch closure (VascuGuard; Synovis, St. Paul, MN). The postoperative control computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed restoration of the flow in the ICA. (Figure 1(c)). The patient remained severely neurologically affected and was transferred in a neurological rehabilitation center. We fail to encounter other reports in literature up to now on surgical repair of acute thrombotic occlusion of the entire segment of the extracranial carotid artery in association with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Along with a growing body of literature, cerebrovascular thromboembolic events in COVID-19 infection may be related to acquired hypercoagulability and coagulation cascade activation due to the release of inflammatory markers and cytokines. In a retrospective analysis, Laperque et al. showed large vessel occlusion among patients with SARS-CoV2 infection and underlying mild atherosclerotic disease. All patients displayed previous vascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidemia, or body mass index> 25. The delay between the first respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 and stroke was 11.5 days. Cases displayed a large thrombus in the cervical carotid artery with underlying mild non-stenosing atheroma, after an etiological workup based on angiocomputed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and/or cervical echography. In alignment with our report, any new onset of ischemic stroke during COVID-19 infection, mainly in patients with vascular risk factors or underlying atherosclerotic lesions and carotid artery disease, is also present should be routinely evaluated. It seems that COVID-19 patients with previous carotid stenosis as in our case can have a significant higher risk to develop severe cerebrovascular


In this paper we present a solution expression for the general Nth-order linear ordinary differential equation as our main result which involves the use of Integrating Factors where the Integrating Factors are determined using a set of equations such that when this set of equations can be solved, the solution of the concerned differential equation can be determined completely. In this regard we also present result for a special case corresponding to the main result where the solution of the general Nth-order linear ordinary differential equation can be determined completely when N-1 out of N complementary solutions are known.


construction characteristic of asphalt pavement concreting of Concrete many influenced by mixture material. Concrete asphalt mixture concreting material as according to mixture flattens between aggregates and asphalt as according to the order. This research done in roadway laboratory Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. execution of This research covers some steps that is inspection of material, looks for optimum asphalt, making of specimen with various usage of harsh aggregate of globularity equal to 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%,80% to know influence each variation to characteristic marshall. Making of specimen to determine difference of characteristic marshall by comparing between usages of harsh aggregate of globularity equal to 0% with globularity aggregate equal to 60%. Usage of harsh aggregate of globularity influences characteristic marshall concrete asphalt mixture that is causing stability value marshall increasingly declines to 527,86 kgs, discharge flow increasingly increases to 5,25 mm, rate of return for marshall quotient declines until 100,545kg/mm, air void value increasingly increases until 6,179%. Percentage of optimum of usage of harsh aggregate of globularity that still fulfill clauses of Bina Marga is equal to 28,5%
and various with 71,5% form of breaking yielding stability value marshall 1125 Kg, flow 3,5 mm, marshall quotient 300 kg/mm, air void 4,5 %.


Upper and lower bounds are derived for the probability that a nonstationary process, not necessarily of white noise type, will cross given barriers in a specified time interval. As an example, the probability of failure of a structure with mechanical response represented by a damped oscillator of one degree of freedom, as a result of a nonstationary Gaussian input, is evaluated under the condition that the structure will fail if the absolute value of the displacement exceeds a critical value. Numerical results suggest that the present method estimates the probability in a narrow interval over a sufficiently wide range of probability values so that the method might be useful in reliability analysis. Applications to structures subject to earthquake accelerations are suggested.


The use of mother tongue as a medium of instruction debate has been on the cards fora long time now in Zimbabwe but has never had any genuine implementation commitment from the policy makers. The study focuses on language use and challenges teachers and pupils face in the classroom in their attempt to use mother tongue in the teaching and learning of mathematics at junior primary level. The study sample comprised 32 teachers from Masvingo urban primary schools, 32 of their lessons were observed and learners from these classes participated in the study. Observation protocol and a structured questionnaire were the data collection instruments. The research found out that the use of mother tongue in teaching mathematics may not be achieved soon. Consultations with relevant stakeholders, attitude change and resource production and mobilisation are among some of the many issues militating against the use of mother tongue as a medium of instruction in mathematics. One of the major recommendation was to have an all stakeholder conference, comprising politicians, academics , language experts, representatives from countries where mother tongue tuition has been successfully implemented in educational settings; teachers and parents to openly debate the feasibility of using mother tongue as a medium of instruction in education in general. Mathematics would obviously benefit from such a conference.


Three-dimensional modeling of electrostatic metal-semiconductor contact with Schottky barrier has fully confirmed the presence of the experimentally observed extended halos with low contact difference of potentials of the surface around the contacts. The results show that changes in surface potentials around the contacts are caused by the spread of electric charge of the space charge region on a sufficiently large distance (l > 2 μm) under the action of electric field of periphery.


Leptin is a 16 kilodaltons hormone secreted by adipose tissue and in the past few years it has been related to the reproductive system regulation. Leptin and its receptor (OBR) have been described in several reproductive organs and in differe t species but, in epididymis, there is still a lack of information. The aim of this work is to establish if leptin and its recept or are present on epididymis and where the production is occurring. At mRNA level the cauda portion showed a high expression of leptin (p<0.025) and OBRa (p<0.002) while at protein level the OBR expression was lower in cauda region (p<0.025) and leptin was not detected. The r atio between OBRa and OBRb was higher in both regions despite its total amount. By immunohistochemistry leptin and OBR were detected on epididymis epithelia, restricted to clear cells (CC). After efferent duct ligation (EDL) a decrease on leptin staining on CC was observed, suggesting that despite of epididymis production, most of leptin source may probably come from testis. Our results sh ow that leptin and OBR, both mRNA and protein, are present on epididymis and exclusively in CC, suggesting that this tissue is responsi ve to the hormone and may have an important role on CC regulation.


RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to show the relationship between the use of direct democracy instruments and populism in Poland. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The basic issue is to demonstrate the instrumental use of the referendum institution and the citizen's referendum initiative to carry out current political interests by both the ruling and opposition parties, leading to the objectification of society and facilitating populist influence. The text refers to the conclusions of two populism`s - the populism of  politicians and populism of voters and the case analysis method – which was applied to five national referenda after 1989 and to the ten civic referendum initiatives taken over the same period. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Starting from the indication of the common ground of democracy and populism, what is the people,  it has been pointed out that populism has an instrumental approach to citizens, whose voices are heard by politicians but often generated, only when they recognize him as useful for their interests. RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis showed that there is justification for the instrumental treatment of both of the discussed forms of direct democracy, what conducive to the populism of politicians, while at the same time strengthens the populism of voters. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The reach of Polish politicians to direct democratic institutions, such as the referendum and the civic referendum initiative, is a selective one and is characterized by far-reaching selfish pragmatism, which has the power to make the instruments of legitimation of their decisions.


An important challenge for current and near-term quantum devices is finding useful tasks that can be preformed on them. We first show how to efficiently encode a bounded $n \times n$ matrix $A$ into a linear optical circuit with $2n$ modes. We then apply this encoding to the case where $A$ is a matrix containing information about a graph $G$. We show that a photonic quantum processor consisting of single-photon sources, a linear optical circuit encoding $A$, and single-photon detectors can solve a range of graph problems including finding the number of perfect matchings of bipartite graphs, computing permanental polynomials, determining whether two graphs are isomorphic, and the $k$-densest subgraph problem. We also propose pre-processing methods to boost the probabilities of observing the relevant detection events and thus improve performance. Finally we present both numerical simulations and implementations on Quandela's Ascella photonic quantum processor to validate our findings.


As the times rapidly advance, the traditional teaching mode can not meet the needs of the modern society. In the actual teaching, teachers need to explore new teaching methods. The application of multimedia technology in English teaching has transformed the traditional teaching mode and injected new vitality into English teaching. This paper first explains the present situation of English teaching, then analyzes the significance of multimedia technology in English situational teaching, explores the problems occurring to English teachingsuch as conservative teaching philosophy, monotonousteaching content and wrong teaching methods, and puts forward the application approach of multimedia technology in English situational teaching from three aspects: the combination of traditional teaching mode and multimedia teaching mode, the improvement of innovative awareness and the creation of flipped classroom, so as to improve the quality of English teaching.


Global financail crisis has affected returns of the listed companies from Hubei Province,although the influence on each company is different.This paper analyses the performance of these companies based on the public accounting information.Among them the best is electronic information industry,retail,chemistry,textile and tourism grow well.Performance of automobile and equipment manufacturing is far less than the advannced provinces,while the metallurgy industry drop off remarkably.On the basis of the analysis,companies and industries should carry out the different strategy in getting opportunity in crisis and to overtake at the turn.


Simple Summary Commercially available molecular tests for thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy are expensive and usually require an additional aspiration of the nodule. Therefore, we checked whether a method free of these main disadvantages would be feasible in the case of Bethesda category III nodules. To this end, we decided to use the material remaining in the needle after preparation of the classic smear and to limit molecular diagnostics to a few well-recognized tests: BRAF V600E mutation and three microRNAs, miR-146b, miR-221 and miR-222. At the same time, we assessed the potential of the combined ultrasound and molecular evaluation of nodules and considered the distinctiveness of two main subcategories of Bethesda category III: nodules with nuclear atypia and nodules with other types of atypia (predominantly architectural). As we show, this approach facilitates clinical decision making for both of these subcategories and prevents a significant number of diagnostic thyroid surgeries. Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the diagnostic usefulness of the combined assessment of the ultrasound risk category of the nodule (evaluated with EU-TIRADS system), the presence of BRAF V600E mutation and the expression of selected microRNAs (miR-146b, miR-221 and miR-222) in Bethesda category III thyroid nodules, separately for cases with nuclear atypia (AUS-nuclear) and cases with other types of atypia (AUS-other). We evaluated 161 nodules (66 AUS-nuclear and 95 AUS-other) with known results of postoperative histopathological examination. The rate of cancer and the rate of PTC among cancers were nearly three times higher in the AUS-nuclear than the AUS-other group. For AUS-nuclear nodules, the most effective diagnostic panel included, in addition to repeat FNA, the assessment of BRAF V600E mutation and the expression of miR-146b and miR-222 (sensitivity: 93.5%, specificity: 80.0%). For AUS-other nodules, a two-step procedure was most effective: at the first stage, forgoing surgical treatment in subjects with a benign repeat FNA outcome, and, at the second stage, the assessment of miR-222 expression and the EU-TIRADS category (sensitivity: 92.3%, specificity: 76.8%). The optimal use of molecular methods in the diagnostics of category III thyroid nodules requires a separate approach for nodules with nuclear atypia and nodules with other types of atypia.


34 35 Despite growing interest in light-driven ion pumps for use in optogenetics, current estimates of 36 their transport rates span two orders of magnitude due to challenges in measuring slow transport 37 processes, determining protein concentration and / or orientation in membranes in vitro. In this 38 study, we report the first direct quantitative measurement of light-driven Cl transport rates of the 39 anion pump halorohodopsin from Natronomonas pharaonis (NpHR). We used light-interfaced 40 voltage clamp measurements on NpHR-expressing oocytes to obtain a transport rate of 219 (± 41 98) Cl/protein/s for a photon flux of 630 photons/protein/s. The measurement is consistent with 42 the literature reported quantum efficiency of ~30% for NpHR, i.e., 0.3 isomerizations per photon 43 absorbed. To reconcile our measurements with an earlier-reported 20 ms rate limiting step or 35 44 turnover/protein/s, we conducted novel consecutive single-turnover flash experiments that 45 demonstrate that under continuous illumination, NpHR bypasses this step in the photocycle as 46 proposed in a recent study by Kleinlogel et al. 47 48 49 50


Purpose – Sports' team websites are the front door to their relationship management programs with teams' fan bases. As such, consumer attitudes toward these websites are a vital and important measure for the success of a team's CRM program. The purpose of this paper is to present the conceptualization and development of a four‐item unidimensional measure of attitude toward the Website.Design/methodology/approach – The data were collected via a pen and paper survey at a professional hockey event in the USA. The confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using generalized structural component analysis GeSCA www.sem‐gesca.org/. The scale's face, convergent, predictive and discriminant validity are all empirically demonstrated via regression and correlation.Findings – The measure is shown to meet the four criteria for validation for positivist research in information systems set by Straub, Boudreau and Gefen in 2004. The internal consistency is assessed by Cronbach's alpha (0.917) as is the unidimensionality,...


Christian Dustmann Barry Eichengreen Sebastian Otten André Sapir Guido Tabellini Gylfi Zoega CEPR PRESS 2017 Centre for Economic Policy Research 33 Great Sutton Street London EC1V 0DX Tel: +44 (0)20 7183 8801 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com www.cepr.org Twitter: @cepr_org | Facebook @cepr.org Has trust in political institutions in Europe fallen and populist politics risen to such levels that the European Union is at risk of disintegration? Could other countries follow the United Kingdom and leave the European Union? Or has the tide of populism and distrust in Europe receded and will Brexit be unique? This first report in the Monitoring International Integration series uses data from the European Social Survey on trust in national parliaments and in the European Union, disaggregated to the individual level and paired with information on regional macro variables such as GDP and unemployment, to identify economic and social characteristics associated with Europe's growing trust deficit in some EU countries. The report also uses data on elections to the European Parliament, disaggregated to the regional level, to identify factors associated with support for nonmainstream political parties and movements labelled as "anti-EU".


Preface In this thesis I present the result of my investigation into regret minimization for Monte-Carlo Tree Search. The thesis presents the motivation, background, and formal definition of a novel search technique based on minimizing both simple and cumulative regret in a game tree: Hybrid MCTS (H-MCTS). The technique minimizes the two types of regret in a single search-tree. This ensures that recommendations made by the algorithm have a low simple regret, and at the same time internal nodes are sampled efficiently. It was developed for, and tested in six two-Special thanks goes to both Dr. Mark Winands and Dr. Marc Lanctot for providing the inspiration and guidance required to develop this novel algorithm. Their combined experience was crucial to obtain the results presented in this work. Thanks goes to Prof. Dr. Tristan Cazenave for his time and assistance with the implementation of SHOT, and for the experiments he performed in his award-winning engine. Thanks also to Dr. Steve Kroon for his insightful input and assistance in proofreading the work. Moreover , I would like to thank my wife Priscilla for her support, and for her patience and understanding. Without both her emotional and financial assistance you would not be reading this thesis. Summary Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a best-first search technique, which bases decisions on sampling the state-space of a domain. In different domains, MCTS has proven to be an effective approach when complex decision-making based on future rewards and outcomes is required. The technique was initially inspired by algorithms used to solve multi-armed bandit (MAB) problems. Such a problem can be described as a single-ply MCTS search, in which an agent is given a choice of options (arms), each with their own probability distribution. Sampling an arm returns a random result from its underlying distribution, and the goal of the agent is to maximize its reward and/or provide a recommendation of which arm has the most rewarding distribution. Based on the context of the MAB problem, the agent's goal is to either minimize simple regret, i.e., the regret of not recommending the best action, or cumulative regret, i.e., regret accumulated over time. Applying this theory to MCTS however, may require more consideration. In a recursive MAB (such as MCTS), where the distribution of each arm is based on an underlying growing search-tree, minimizing a single type of regret throughout the tree implies that at each ply of …


Firms' beliefs that they may be unable to sell as much as they would like at the market price leads not only to a quantity spillover (even when prices are flexible) but also to a spillover of product demand elasticity onto the elasticity of labor demand. Hence, optimal firm behavior can be expected to produce a negative correlation between the (absolute value of) the wage elasticity and the unemployment rate. This hypothesis is tested on three sets of data. 1) For low-skilled workers in the United States in 1969 there is weak support for this hypothesis; 2) In time-series data for the U.S. there is no evidence for the hypothesis (there is essentially no cyclical variability in the elasticity); and 3) In time-series data for the United Kingdom there is fairly strong evidence supporting it. We also find that, in both the U.S. and the U.K., the demand elasticity for labor decreased in the 1970s to an extent that does not appear to be explained by changes in other factor prices.


Indian banking sector is going through a massive transformation day by day with the advancement of Information and communication Technology and impact of digitization in the banking industry. After the core banking system, banks have moved further to reap the benefits of internet and mobile banking. In order to engage more customers anywhere and anytime without visiting the brick and mortar branches, the banks have now introduced the social media banking. Most of the people are already active in different social media platforms, so banks have grabbed that opportunity to reach people easily and provide services through social media. This paper has made an attempt to analyze the engagement of social media customers in different banks including public and private sector with reference to facebook bank page. The results show that most of the banks have presence on popular social media platforms. With respect to the engagement of customer to all facebook posts during the study period, public sector banks are posting more on their respective facebook page but the customers' likes as well as dislikes are more for SBI, ICICI and AXIS. In case of shares and comments, SBI and PNB have more and are increasing continuously as these two banks post more on their respective facebook pages. But with respect to customer engagement per facebook post during the study period, customers are engaged more with private sector banks. And it can be said that regarding overall customer engagement people are more engaged with private sector over public sector banks.


The length's advisability of the berth can be seen from the Berth Occupancy Ratio (BOR). The pour liquid berth (Berth B) in Dumai's harbor is one of the berth which has a higher activity and the ships that come increasing everyday. The increasing ships in Berth B need a project to know the value of visiting ships and the value of BOR in short term, middle term and long term. Project is done in order Berth B can hold the ships that will tether by adding the length of berth. The value of BOR in short time projection until 2019 is 75,86 % and the number of ships are 744. To fulfill The Standard Of Managing Director Of Marine in 2011, the value of BOR was 69% therefore the berth should be lengthened about 70 meters. In 2019 the short time projection the length of Berth B becomes 870 meters. Based on project result the visiting ships are 984, the value of BOR in middle term is 87,94% in 2024. To fulfill the value of BOR which is 69%, the Berth should be lengthnened formerly 870 meters become 1100 meters. The long term projection until 2029 the value of BOR is 83,71% with the number of visiting ships 1224. To fulfill the value of BOR that is 69%, the Berth should be lengthnened around 220 meters. The length of berth totally 1320 meters which is formerly 1100 meters in 2029 Keywords: harbour, berth, visiting ships, BOR, projection


In this part of the paper, we present a model to treat formation and transport of liquid water in proton exchange membrane ~PEM! fuel cells ~FCs! in three-dimensional ~3-D! geometry. The performance of modern-day PEM FCs at high current density are largely dictated by the effective management of liquid water. In the first part of this paper, a rigorous model was presented to model PEM FCs using a computational fluid dynamic technique. It was found that under the assumption of no liquid water formation, the model consistently overpredicted measured polarization behavior. In the model presented here, the phase change process is modeled as an equilibrium process, while the transport of liquid water is governed by pressure, surface tension, gravity and electro-osmotic drag. Results show that the inclusion of liquid water transport greatly enhances the predictive capability of the model and is necessary to match experimental data at high current density.


In this work, we perform the detailed analysis of absorption features in spectra of magnetar candidates observed by XMM-Newton satellite. No significant line-like feature has been found. This negative result may indicate the possible presence of smoothing out the absorption features mechanisms.


The Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), the federal agency that administers Medicare and Medicaid, monitors the quality of care provided by the managed care plans with which it contracts. To better evaluate this care and to provide beneficiaries with plan-toplan comparisons, HCFA is now requiring that plans participate in the Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (HOS). Formerly the Health of Seniors survey, HOS is the first patient-based outcome measure to assess the quality of care provided to the Medicare population in managed care settings. It is administered by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) as part of the Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS), a set of standardized performance measures used to assess and compare the performance of health plans. This article will discuss the survey methodology, intended uses of the data, and survey results to date. The HOS Survey


CITATION: Brink, I. C. & Kamish, W. 2016. Stormwater pond metals and solids removal efficiency determination with the effluent probability method : a novel classification system. Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, 58(2):49-55, doi:10.17159/2309-8775/2016/v58n2a6.


The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for carrier aggregation system cell activation, and a method for activating a cell of a terminal according to embodiments of the present invention comprises: a first step of receiving an activation message cell; and when receiving the first a first step of the cell when the cell activation message; obtaining a first cell uplink activation information obtaining step; and determining whether to perform a transmission of the uplink transmission step of determining the uplink activation information. According to an embodiment of the present invention, it can provide an efficient carrier management program.


Zn_3(BO_3)_2 nanoparticles co-doped with Eu~(3+) and Dy~(3+) were synthesized by co-precipitation method.X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the phase of the particles is Zn_3(BO_3)_2 of monoclinic system and their average diameter is 15~25 nm.The photoluminescent emission and excitation spectrum of the samples were studied systematically.In the Eu~(3+) and Dy~(3+) co-activated samples,the emission intensity of the Dy~(3+) ions is strongly enhanced because of the energy transfer process from Eu~(3+) to the Dy~(3+).


To investigate the effects on Papua New Guinea's economy of substantial liquified natural gas revenues arriving in 2015, we employ a model to examine the macroeconomic effects of a scalingup of natural resource windfall revenues and the implications for a variety of policy responses. The model is a multi-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model, and features components that allow for a detailed study of the effects of both fiscal and monetary policy in response to a positive shock to the mineral resource value of a country. The model contains tradable, non-tradable, and mining sectors, as well as an independent central bank and fiscal authority. We calibrate the model to the current economy of Papua New Guinea and run a suite of policy simulations. We find that macroeconomic effects from a resource boom typically associated with Dutch Disease effects such as a real appreciation and a fall in tradable sector production stem largely from the non-tradable component of government spending. The central bank can offset the real appreciation, but not without crowding out the private sector. A sovereign wealth fund (SWF), combined with a smooth capital spending path, entails the best means of dealing with macroeconomic volatility and maintaining a stable fiscal regime.


The present invention concerns a method for the manufacture of coatings TRANSPARENT EXEMPT PVC FLOOR EXEMPT PVC FROM copolymerized ethylenevinylacetate and fillers, for which FUNDE a copolymerized LINEAR ETHYLENE LOW DENSITY AND / OR TOO low density which contains up to 2% BY WEIGHT OF MATERIALS AUXILIARY PROCESSING uSUAL, laminated LEAF IN FACILITY CALANDRIA AND THUS OBTAINED SHEET, A CONTINUING THROUGH FACILITY DUPLICATE / tRIPLICATE ARE PROVIDED FOR DUPLICATE OR tRIPLICATE WITH LEAVES THE EXEMPT FLOOR COVERING BASED copolymers PVC ethylenevinylacetate AND STILL NECESSARY PROVIDED WITH A LINING IS BASED tISSUE, tISSUE OR MATERIAL CORK.


This study investigated the involvement in livestock farming as a mean of livelihood among rural dwellers in Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was employed to sample 120 rural dwellers while 120 questionnaires were administered and retrieved. The data collected were subjected to descriptive (percentage, mean, mode, std deviation) and inferential (chi-square and correlation) statistics. The result revealed that majority (63.3%) of the respondent were involved in livestock rearing and most of the respondent were highly involved in livestock farming in which goat (58.4%) and poultry (78.9%) were mostly reared. Most of the respondents (70.8%) engage in livestock farming as their primary source of income and livelihood. Inadequate capital (87.5%) and infrastructural (38.3%) were the major constraints facing the respondents in the study area. Chi-square analysis revealed that there is a significant (p<0.05) relationship between the constraint and involvement in livestock farming as a means of livelihood. The study therefore concluded that the majority of the rural dwellers were involved in livestock farming for their livelihood. Rural development activities should always be made to encourage getting involved in livestock farming and ensure availability of loan facilities, ensure adult education for the farmers in livestock farming in the study area.


In this thesis, the problem of limited sensor network lifetime due to limited energy resources is addressed. Lifetime is defined as the duration of packet transmissions that can be performed before one node, or a percentage of the nodes, dies. Network deployment in rough environments makes it very difficult to reach the nodes in order to repair or recharge. It is therefore economically and practically crucial to maximize their operating lifetimes. Nodes, by nature, will avoid relaying data for two main reasons. First of all, to save energy which they can use for transferring their own data and second, to reduce latency. An economic model based on the game theory is developed to persuade the cooperation between nodes in sensor networks to extend the lifetime of the network. The model is simulated using MATLAB. It is then compared to two conventional protocols; minimum hop routing and minimum energy routing and the proposed scheme provides an improvement in the network's lifetime.


Objective To investigate the clinical value of thyroid function indices and 99m Tc thyroid uptake rate in the early hypothyroidism following 131 I treatment of Graves' disease.Methods 66 patients with early hypothyroidism following 131 I treatment of Graves' disease,were enrolled in the investigation.The thyroid funtion indices(FT3,FT4 and TSH)and 20 min 99m Tc throid uptake rate were determined before and after levothyroxine sodium replacement treatment.Results FT3,FT4 and 99m Tc throid uptake rate in hypothyroidism group were significanthy lower than those in healthy control group,and TSH was significanthy higher(P0.01).However,the differences of above parameters weren't statistically significant group between transient hypothyroidism and developing hypothyroidism group(P0.05).After replacement theraphy,the thyroid function and 99m Tc throid uptake rate recovered in transient hypothyroidism group.FT3,FT4 and 99m Tc throid uptake rate in developing hypothyroidism group were significanthy lower than those in healthy control group and transient hypothyroidism group,and TSH kept significanthy higher(P0.01).Conclusion It isn't capable of differentiating transient and developing hypothyroidism with thyroid homone indices and 99m Tc thyroid uptake rate in the early phase.After a short time replacement therapy,the thyroid function and 99m Tc throid uptake rate recover in transient hypothyroidism subjects,but don't recover in developing hypothyroidism subjects.


We study behavior of light emitting diodes (LEDs) at the current of several μA in the temperature range of 27250°С. Within this range, a linear increase of brightness with the temperature for green and blue LEDs is observed. It is shown that these LEDs could serve as a optical temperature sensor.


Purpose: To explore the anatomy, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and classification, current evidence on intervention and the surgical management of orbital roof fractures and defects (ORFD) for oculoplastic surgeons presented with such cases. Methods: A review of the current literature through the MEDLINE database using the following search terms: "orbital roof fracture (+treatment/management)," "orbital roof defect (+treatment/management)," "orbital roof erosion (+treatment/management)," "orbital roof repair," "orbital roof," "orbital fracture," "pediatric orbital roof (defect/fracture/erosion)," "orbital anatomy," and "orbital roof anatomy" was conducted. As relatively little has been published on this topic, inclusion criteria were broad and peer-reviewed articles judged to be of clinical importance, relevant to the aims of this review, were included. Non-English abstracts were also included if relevant. Year of publication was not a strict exclusion criterion, and older articles were judged for their suitability based on clinical importance and relevance to current practice. Additional references were obtained from citations in key articles and recommendations from the coauthors based on their areas of expertise. Results: The etiopathogenesis of ORFD varies. Classification systems have been formulated to guide management decisions and can range from conservative management to complex neurosurgery. Eyelid approaches have also been described. This review provides a summary of the evidence for each and a management framework oculoplastic surgeons can use when presented with ORFD. Conclusion: Oculoplastic surgeons can be involved, either alone or as part of a multidisciplinary team, in the management of ORFD, and for some, conduct orbital approach reconstructive surgery. Orbital roof fractures and defects are rare and often complicated, but with a comprehensive understanding of the causes, natural history, and treatment options, they can be managed appropriately by oculoplastic surgeons.


This is an empirical study of patterns of success and failure in the TV Set industry for the period 1950-60. Using as a backdrop a conceptual model of competitive strategy in the industry developed by the author elsewhere, the study contains an extensive statistical analysis which was restricted primarily to quality (of set performance), price, and advertising. The study found quality to be the most important factor of success in the industry.


The signed domination theory is related to the local priority problem,and the use of some special graphs is frequent in the applications,so it's very necessary to obtain the signed domination numbers of such special graphs. Through the study of signed domination numbers of several kinds of special graphs,the expressions of signed domination numbers are given.


Objective To analyze and compare between single and mixed cultivation of the nerve cells differentiated from human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs), then to observe the clinical effect after infusion. Methods Mononuclear cells of HUMSCs were collected by density gradient centrifugation with Ficoll-Hypaque lymphocyte separation, and then underwent B27+bFGF differentiation. After 3 days of cultivation, 12 portions of MSCs were randomly chosen, and 2/3 amount of MNC were taken from each portion and were divided into groups A and B, and the remaining 1/3 amount in the 12 portions were divided into group C. The cell concentration of each group was adjusted to 1.0×104/ml. The amplification of each group at different time points was observed by living cell count, and nestin was detected by immunohistochemistry, and CD133+ cell count after 10 d cultivation was detected by flow cytometry. Patients with stroke were infused with MSCs(7d-single cultivation and 7d -mixed cultivation, respectively) for 3 times ( 2 portions each time, and infusion every 4 days). The neural function deficiency(NFD), Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA), and Barthe(BI) of patients were assessed before and 3 months after treatment.Results The proliferation and adherence of MSCs was significantly better in mixed cultivation (P0.05). The nestin express in each group showed no statistical differences (P 0.05). The CD133+ cell count showed no statistical differences between group A and B, and statistical differences were found between single and mixed cultivation of MSCs. NFD, FMA, and BI of patients after treatment were significantly improved (P0.01), while there were no statistical significance(P0.05) in NFD,FMA, and BI between the two groups. No immune rejection and adverse reaction were observed. Conclusion The proliferation of MSCs were improve in mixed cultivation. Nestin express was detected in bFGF-induced MSCs.


Luminescent materials or phosphors play an important role in many everyday applications such as lighting and displays. These phosphors consist of a host compound doped with luminescent ions called activators. Almost all the commercial phosphors used today are activated by lanthanide ions[1]. However, a few years ago the rare-earth market was struck by a crisis when China, the leading exporter of rare-earth oxides, imposed export quotas. This led to a renewed interest into possible alternatives for the lanthanide-based phosphors. The purpose of this work is to investigate some of these possible alternatives: ions featuring an ns electronic ground state such as Pb, Sn, Bi and Sb.


The ground state and first intrinsic excited state of superheavy nuclei with Z=120 and N=160-204 are investigated using both non-relativistic Skyrme-Hartree-Fock and the axially deformed Relativistic Mean Field formalisms. We employ a simple BCS pairing approach for calculating the energy contribution from pairing interaction. The results for isotopic chain of binding energy, quadrupole deformation parameter, two neutron separation energies and some other observables are compared with the FRDM and some recent macroscopic-microscopic calculations. We predict superdeformed ground state solutions for almost all the isotopes. Considering the possibility of magic neutron number, two different mode of \alpha-decay chains (292)120 and (304)120 are also studied within these frameworks. The Q_{\alpha}-values and the half-life T^{\alpha}_{1/2} for these two different mode of decay chains are compared with FRDM and recent macroscopic-microscopic calculations. The calculation is extended for the \alpha-decay chains of 292120 and 304120 from their exited state configuration to respective configuration, which predicts long half-life T^{\alpha}_{1/2}(sec.).


Memory-centric architecture, which bridges the gap between compute and memory, is considered as a promising solution to tackle the memory wall and the power wall. Such architecture integrates the computing logic and the memory resources close to each other, in order to embrace large internal memory bandwidth and reduce the data movement overhead. The closer the compute and memory resources are located, the greater these benefits become. DRAM-based in-situ accelerators [1] tightly couple processing units to every memory bitline, achieving the maximum benefits among various memory-centric architectures. However, the processing units in such architectures are typically limited to simple functions like AND/OR due to strict area and power overhead constraints in DRAMs, making it difficult to accomplish complex tasks while providing high performance. In this paper, we address the challenge by applying stochastic computing arithmetic to the DRAM-based in-situ accelerator, targeting at the acceleration of error-tolerant applications such as deep learning. In stochastic computing, binary numbers are converted into stochastic bitstreams, which turns integer multiplications into simple bitwise AND operations, but at the expense of larger memory capacity/bandwidth demands. Stochastic computing is a perfect match for the DRAM-based in-situ accelerators because it addresses the in-situ accelerator's low performance problem by simplifying the operations, while leveraging the in-situ accelerator's advantage of large memory capacity/bandwidth. To further boost the performance and compensate for the numerical precision loss, we propose a novel Hierarchical and Hybrid Deterministic (H2D) stochastic computing arithmetic. Finally, we consider quantized deep neural network inference and training applications as a case study. The proposed architecture provides 2.3× improvement in performance per unit area compared with the binary arithmetic baseline, and 3.8× improvement over GPU. The proposed H2D arithmetic contributes 11× performance boost and 60% numerical precision improvement.


Background: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) accompanying systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is often due to coexisting aquaporin-4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder but has not been associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG (MOG-IgG). Objective and methods: Case report at an academic medical center. Results: A 32-year-old woman developed severe transverse myelitis (paraplegia) shortly after SLE onset in the post-partum period. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an LETM, cerebrospinal fluid showed marked inflammation, and testing for infections was negative. Serum live-cell-based assay for MOG-IgG was positive but aquaporin-4-IgG was negative. Conclusion: In patients with SLE and LETM, MOG-IgG testing should be considered, in addition to AQP4-IgG.


The dimeric title complex contains a V 2 O 3 4+ unit with a rather small (112.6 o ) V-O-V angle and exhibits crystallographic C, symmetry. Each vanadium center is equatorially coordinated by the tridentate doubly deprotonated hydrazone formed from salicylaldehyde and benzoylhydrazine. The coordination sphere is distorted square pyramidal. Crystal data: orthorhombic, space group Pnc2, a=758.2(2), b=1454.4(3), c=1186.1(2) pm, Z=4, 1137 reflections, 184 parameters, R (R w )=0.032 (0.032)


2 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Background and Objectives of the Project 15 2.1 Aims and Objectives 15 2.2. Context of the network 16 2.3. The need for the study of VLEs 16 2.4 Definition of Virtual Learning Environments 17 3. Methodology and Project Results 18 3.1. Framework of analysis 18 3.2. Research Considerations 19 3.3. Methodology applied 21 3.4 Results and findings on main traits characterising VLEs 22 3.4.1 Main traits of Virtual Learning Environments 22 3.4.2 VLEs characteristics emerging from implementation 23 3.4.3 Institutional models for implementation 27 3.4.4. Attitudes towards Virtual Learning Environments 28 3.5. How VLEs are being implemented in terms of cross-cultural issues 31 3.6 How are VLEs being implemented in terms of teaching and learning 34 3.7. How are VLE being implemented in terms of institutional issues 39 4. Conclusions and Policy Implications 43 4.1 Conclusions and implications for change on institutional issues 43 4.2 Conclusions and implications on teaching and learning in VLE 45 4.3 Conclusions and implications of change on cross-cultural and linguistic issues 47 4.4 Policy Recommendations 48 4.4.1 Policy recommendations at institutional level 48 4.4.2 Policy recommendations on teaching and learning 50 4.4.3 Cross-cultural policy recommendations 50 5. Dissemination and/or Exploitation of results 52 5.1. Dissemination strategy 52 5.2. Dissemination activities 52 5.3. Exploitation of results and exploitation plans 54 6 Acknowledgements 56 Annexes 57 Annex A. Scientific publications 57 Annex B. List of project deliverables 59 Annex C. Bibliographic section 60 TSER-IVETTE Final Report 1


The purpose of this study was to compare students' and teachers' perceptions of differentiated practices, student engagement, and the qualities of an effective teacher by fostering student voice. Participants included 802 students and 867 teachers from Northern Sydney government schools in Australia. The researcher used a convergent parallel mixed methods design, including online questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Years 5 to 12 gifted students (n = 38) from four schools acted as co-researchers at the methodological level. The student co-researchers co-designed and disseminated the student survey, and interviewed their own teachers. Significant differences were found between the students' and the teachers' perceptions of differentiated practices, student engagement, and the qualities of an effective teacher. The study's findings highlight the need for a shared understanding of perspectives by both teachers and students to foster schoolwide optimal learning and teaching processes.


Forthe correlation structure existed in failure life of current working component and lives of standbys,we present a new theoretical method for reliability calculation considering correlation in two components cold and warm standby systems. By using the technique of iteration and dimensionality reduction according to additivity of Archimedean Copulas,the modeling problem of reliability calculation for the standby systems composed of n components whose lives are not exponential distribution was solved suc-cessfully. Combining with method of maximum likelihood and k-s test,estimation method for the parameter of correlation degree and selection criterion for correlation structure were given. Finally,a practical case calculation demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the theory.


The relationship of the ocular pressure to the anterior ciliary arterial pressure was studied by measuring the pressure of the anterior ciliary artery using a modified pressure chamber. Of the 40 subjects, 9 were normal, 16 were ocular hypertensive patients, and 15 were primary, open-angle, glaucoma patients. A significant negative correlation was found between the anterior ciliary arterial pressure and the ocular pressure such that the former decreases as the latter increases. These results support the concept that the blood flow in the anterior ciliary artery is from the inside of the eye to the outside. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 25:992-995, 1984 In order to further investigate our previous finding that blood flowed from the inside of the eye to the outside in the anterior ciliary arteries, 1 we examined the circulatory dynamics by measuring the pressure of the anterior ciliary artery in normal, ocular hypertensive, and glaucomatous subjects and determined the correlations between pressures in this vessel and ocular pressures. Materials and Methods. Subjects: As defined previously, 2 the study was comprised of normal subjects, ocular hypertensive and open-angle glaucoma patients attending the Outpatient Ophthalmology Service of the Tufts-New England Medical Center (Boston, Massachusetts). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. None of the normal subjects or ocular hypertensive patients were taking ocular medications. All of the glaucoma patients were receiving antiglaucoma medication. The pressure chamber method was used for the measurement of the anterior ciliary arterial pressure. 2 A transparent plastic film (Saran Wrap) was used on the tip of the pressure chamber for measurement of the anterior ciliary arterial pressure, and a transparent latex membrane (Tonofilm) was used for the measurement of the episcleral venous pressure. First, ocular pressure and brachial blood pressure were measured with the patient seated. The Goldmann applanation tonometer was used for ocular pressure, and brachial blood pressure was measured in the standard fashion by sphygmomanometer. For the subsequent measurement of episcleral vein and anterior ciliary arterial pressures, the subject's eye was anesthetized topically with 0.5% proparacaine and the subject was seated before the slit lamp. The anterior ciliary arteries were distinguished from the episcleral veins by wider caliber, more tortuous course, and slightly brighter color. 2


At the present time due to development of technology and diversity of consumer preference, companies are producing a wide variety of products. Under these circumstances, the companies' products have been marketing of using the characters which are familiar to consumers. The purpose of this study is to find out whether intimacy of the product character, product loyalty, and brand attitude can affect the consumer purchasing behavior positively. This study was carried out researching the domestic and foreign documents and based on the empirical analysis. A sample study of 232 people was conducted by measurement target including college students and office workers who are interested in the characters. Based from the results of the study, product loyalty and brand attitude affected consumer purchasing behavior whereas intimacy of the character has no effect at all. Namely consumers can feel the intimacy of characters but they are not interested in the products containning the characters. Factors that have the greatest impact on the purchase of a mobile character appeared as brand attitude.


The excavations at Morgantina have brought to light buildings of a sort probably required by the procedures of the lex Hieronica. The Public Office may have housed Cicero's magistratus Siculus, who maintained local archives and represented his city at the auction of the tithes in Syracuse. It is uncertain whether this official was appointed by the city, the royal financial administration, or a league of cities (κοινον, commune) subject to royal (and later Roman) authority. The tax law may have been adopted in the first phase of Hieron's rule (ca. 275-263), when Theokritos (Id. 16) described the need for the revival of agriculture.


Ipilimumab is a monoclonal antibody that prolongs survival in patients with metastatic melanoma.1 It targets the coinhibitory receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). CTLA-4 signaling induces a state of T-cell unresponsiveness, which facilitates tumor escape from immune surveillance. Blockade of CTLA-4 is believed to shift the immune status from T-cell exhaustion to a functional antitumor response. Anti-CTLA-4 therapy is associated with immune-related adverse events in 64% of patients. Autoimmunity involving the nervous system has a low incidence and manifests predominantly as peripheral inflammatory neuropathy.2 We report new-onset inflammatory CNS demyelination in an ipilimumab-treated melanoma patient (figure), confirmed by histology and associated with enhanced responses of myelin-reactive CD4+ T cells.


The article is an attempt to identify and explain the various types of references presented in Madame by Antoni Libera, as well as reflections about the model of novel proposed by this writer. The subject is, on the one hand, the theoretican's opinions about the phenomenon of intertextuality and, on the other, the reader's and critic's reactions to the book which requires involved reading. A main tool used by authorness is Gerard Genette's transtextological typology. This conception raises the doubts of many researchers due to the separation of paratexuality and metatextuality, but in the context of multilevel dialogue in Libera's book seems to be extremely helpful and allows to recognize the network of textual references which are important to the recipient of the novel. Furthermore, in the discussion about the intertextuality or transtextuality, the role of intersemiotic references – forgotten by Genette – is underlined.


The CO combustion-supporting agents are prepared by immersion method ,the effects of the pH values ,immersion time ,dryness temperature and dryness time on the contents of active component Pt in CO combustion-supporting agents with different carriers are reviewed,at the same time ,the effects of the contents of Pt and dispersion status on the recovery of CO are evaluated,the process for preparing CO combustion-supporting agents and the methods of evaluating its activeness are determined.


This study investigated the Difference in the knowledge of syphilis between rural and urban secondary school students in North-Eastern Geo-Political Zone of Nigeria. One research question and one hypothesis were postulated. Descriptive survey was adopted and multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 384 respondents from twelve secondary schools in three states of the study area. A researcher-developed questionnaire on modified Likert scale was used to obtain the information from the respondents. The demographic information of the respondents was described using frequency counts and percentage while t-test statistical technique of inferential statistics was used for testing the stated hypothesis. Only data from 369 questionnaires were analysed using SPSS version 16. The result revealed that there was no significant difference between rural and urban secondary school students in the knowledge of syphilis in North-Eastern geo-political zone. It was recommended among others that Intensive health education campaigns targeting both rural and urban secondary school students should be maintained on the knowledge of sexually transmitted infections in general and syphilis in particular to avoid the transmission of the diseases


In this paper, I mainly investigate the relationship between the fair value measurement model for investment real estate and the rationality of management compensation, and further examine the correlation between the overall education background of a company's management and the tend of them to introduce the fair value measurement model for investment real estate. I have conducted empirical studies using data from China's A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets that owned investment real estates from 2013 to 2018. Consistent with my hypotheses, I find that: (1) using fair value to measure investment real estate will reduce the rationality of management compensation; (2) the better the overall education background of a company's management is, the less inclined they are to use fair value to measure investment real estate.


In the structure of the title compound, [Pd(C5H4NOS)2], the Pd atom is coordinated by a slightly distorted planar array of two S and two O atoms; the two 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethione ligands adopt a cis configuration. Intermolecular Pd⋯Pd and Pd⋯S interactions of 4.05 and 3.80 A, respectively, are observed in the structure.


Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)-based mono and bico meltblown webs have been produced by using a Reicofil® Bi-Component Meltblown Line at TANDEC, located at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN. Thermal and flow properties of PTT were first examined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and with a Melt Indexer for an effective experimental design through the Surface Response Methodology (SRM). The processability of meltblowing in a wide range of operating windows was extensively investigated. Melt temperature, melt throughput, air temperature, airflow rate, and DCD (distance of collector to die) were considered as primary process control variables. The produced webs were characterized for fiber diameter, bulk density, air permeability, hydrostatic head, tensile properties, and heat shrinkage. Non-round and curly or twisted fibers were observed in the bico PP/PTT webs by SEM (scanning electrical microscope). The PTT grade studied is quite suitable for the meltblown process. The PTT/PP-based bico webs showed enhanced barrier properties and heat resistance. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1280–1287, 2002


Participatory agricultural extension programmes aimed at encouraging knowledge transfer and the adoption of new technology and innovation at the farm level are a novel approach to advisory service provision. In order to drive sustainable agricultural production systems that address farm-level economic and environmental objectives, the College of Agriculture, Food and Rural Enterprise (CAFRE) in November 2015, developed a new participatory extension programme for farmers in Northern Ireland, the Business Development Groups (BDGs). The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyse the drivers of farmers' decisions in relation to joining and participating in this new approach to farm extension, learning and advisory service provision. Making use of data from both primary and secondary sources, this study employs a mixed-methods approach which involves an empirical analysis of quantitative and qualitative data to examine the factors influencing membership of the BDG programme. The results of our analyses show that larger, more intensive farmers who are keen to access information from other farmers to improve their business performance are most likely to participate in the BDG programme. The study contributes to the empirical literature by establishing the need to take into consideration the different characteristics of farmers in the design and delivery of participatory extension programmes.


We study the mass generation of self-dual two form gauge field by topologically coupling it to the three rank anti-symmetric field. We use the various non-covariant Lagrangian of self-dual two form to perform the analysis and find that the field equation of massive self-dual two form gauge field may be described by $\partial^2 B^{ab}+m^2B^{ab}=0$ or $\partial_c (F^{cab}-\tilde F^{cab})+m^2B^{ab}=0$. We also find that, depending on the formulation of self-dual two form gauge field, the three rank anti-symmetric field may or may not be totally eliminated. Thus the different Lagrangian will show different mass generation mechanisms.


The antifungal activity of plant essential oils on storage fungi commonly associated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) seed was investigated. The antifungal activity of the essential oils of thyme, clove, peppermint, soybean and peanut were tested against Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium oxysporum, F. equiseti and Penicillium chrysogenum in vitro. Only thyme and clove significantly inhibited growth of all five fungi at 500 and 1000 ppm whereas peppermint oil successfully inhibited growth at 2000 ppm. Thyme, clove and peppermint were tested in vivo against storage fungi on naturally infected (cultivars PAN 325 and PAN 311) and artificially infected (cultivar CH 14) cowpea seed. Only thyme oil (1000 ppm) showed antifungal activity against storage fungi associated with PAN 325 cowpea seeds. In the PAN 311 cultivar, clove and thyme at 1000 ppm and peppermint at 2000 ppm exhibited antifungal activity against the storage fungi. In cultivar CH 14, thyme, clove and peppermint significantly reduced growth of P chrysogenum whilst thyme and peppermint inhibited growth of F. oxysporum. Only thyme had an antifungal effect on F. equiseti. No treatment showed antifungal activity against A. flavus and A. niger. None of the oils showed harmful effects on the germination and emergence of cowpea seeds. The storage fungi significantly reduced percentage germination and emergence of the white (IT 93K452-1) seed but had little or no effect on the brown (CH 14) seed. Furthermore, all three oils significantly inhibited the storage fungi on the white seed thereby increasing the percentage germination and emergence.


Objective To explore the influence of prenatal diagnosis,active follow up and immediate surgery intervention on the prognosis of congenital hydronephrosis in children.Methods The clinical data in 85 cases were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into prenatal diagnosed group and postnatal diagnosed group.Prognostic parameters such as preoperative statuse,pathology during surgery,operation process,status before discharging and complications were collected and statistically analyzed.Results The numbers of grade 4 hydronephrosis,secondary renal calculus,opposite kidney hydronephrosis,preoperative infectioin,perinephric adhesion and postoperative complication in prenatal diagnosed group were significantly lower than those in postnatal diagnosed group(Pa0.05),and the number of children with multi-antibiotics usage in prenatal diagnosed group was higher than that in postnatal group(P0.05).There was no significant difference of the rates of preoperative fistulation,pyonephrosis,usage of the third line antibiotics and discharging with drainage in prenatal diagnosed group compared with postnatal diagnosed group(Pa0.05).Conclusions 1.Ultrasonagraphy examination and follow-up are indispensable both before and after delivery which will help doctors to diagnose the disease at early stage.2.Surgical operation on congenital hydronephrosis at early stage is reliable and will achieve the same effect with the children undergo surgical operation at older age.3.Immediate surgical operation is of great clinical significance on preventing serious complication and irreversible kidney damage.


Abstract. This paper explored the problems of street children in Surabaya, especially the exploitation of street children. This paper has a subject to find out the causes of the emergence of street children and also the forms and causes of exploitation of street children in Surabaya. This paper was an exploratory paper with data collected through literature study. The problem in this research is examined using the household survival strategy theory by Harbirson. The results of this study indicate that there were several factors that can cause the emergence of street children, namely in the form of economic factors or poverty, family factors, and also community factors. Street children are children who are prone to exploitation. The form of exploitation of street children can be in the form of being forced to work for more than 8 hours and consuming a lot of time for street children so that they cannot do what children their age should do. The other forms of exploitation of street children are taking wages and acts of intimidation and violence carried out by parents or thugs who have power in the area where street children are doing their activites.


We show the curve O( n log i p + log n + log i) for the time complexity of computing a maximal matching for a linked list, where n is the size of the input list, p is the number of processors used in the algorithm and i is an adjustable parameter. For all constructible i the time complexity represented by the curve can be realized. Our algorithm is optimal using up to O( n log n ) processors with an arbitrarily large constant i. This algorithm can be used to compute a maximal independent set or a 3 coloring for a linked list.


This paper presented the objective evaluation method of Journals analyzed by the TOPSIS based on entropy weight and compared it with the traditional single valuation way. Based on the evaluation index, the objective weight of the index was calculated with the entropy method, the journals selected analyzed by TOPSIS. With the weights from normalized entropy, this paper calculated the distance from each journal to the best and the worst and worked out the rankings of the journal according to the proximity. Then the results from Principal Component Analysis and Single Evaluation Method were compared and analyzed, making the result of evaluating more objective and accurate.


Background and purpose: Road traffic accident (RTA) is the major cause of the morbidity and mortality throughout the world and the incidence is still very high in developed and developing countries. With the objective to see the pattern and severity of the injury following RTA from the medico legal point of view, this study was design in a tertiary care centre at far eastern part of Nepal. Material and method: This is a prospective analytical study with nonprobability consecutive sampling of road traffic accidents cases presented in the emergency department during period of 6 months. Type of study: Prospective Analytical study. Result: There were total 210 cases of road traffic accidents with mean age of 31.8 (SD 15.7) years where majority were at 20-29 years of age group and males were the majority. Majority of the cases had injuries to the extremities followed by head. Grievous injury and life threatening injuries were also a common finding in this study. Conclusion: Road traffic accidents are more common among male, bike/scooter rider and 22-29 years of age group. Majority of the injury were fracture/dislocation of extremities and intracranial injuries. As per the medicolegal aspect, grievous and life threatening injuries were common findings among patients with road traffic accidents.