Title of Dissertation: VALUE-ADDING FACTORS IN COLDPRESSED EDIBLE SEED OILS AND FLOURS. John Wynne Parry Jr., PhD Food Science, 2006 Dissertation directed by: Professor Liangli (Lucy) Yu Department of Nutrition and Food Science This study examined cold-pressed edible seed oil and flour from fruit and other plant sources for value-adding components and properties. The tested fruit seeds included black raspberry, red raspberry, boysenberry, marionberry, blueberry, cranberry, pinot noir grape, and chardonnay grape. The other seeds included onion, parsley, cardamom, mullein, roasted pumpkin, and milk thistle. The seed oils were examined for fatty acid profile, carotenoids, tocopherols, total phenolic content (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), DPPH scavenging activity, oxidative stability index (OSI), peroxide value, refractive index, density, and color. The seed flours were tested for total fat, fatty acid profile, TPC, total anthocyanin content, chelating capacity, HT-29 cancer cell antiproliferation, ORAC, DPPH, and hydroxyl radical scavenging. All of the fruit seed oils contained significant levels of α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) while none of the other seed oils contained a significant amount. The range of α-linolenic acid in the fruit seed oils was 19.6 to 32.4 g/100 g with red raspberry seed oil having the highest concentration. Zeaxanthin was the primary carotenoid in all seed oils and comprised approximately 79% of the combined total. Pumpkin seed oil contained the highest concentration of β-carotene at 6.0 mg/kg, and onion contained the most α-tocopherol from 498-692 mg/kg. Parsley and cardamom seed oil extracts had very high ORAC values of 1,100 and 942 μmol trolox (TE) equivalents per g oil (TE μmol/g), respectively, and their OSI were not determinable under the experimental conditions. Among the seed flours, cranberry was the only sample that contained significant α-linolenic acid having 30.7 g/100 g oil, while the parsley seed flour sample contained 86.2 g/100g oleic acid (18:1n-9) and was significantly higher than all others. Milk thistle and chardonnay grape seed flour extracts had ORAC values of 1131 and 1076 TE μmol/g flour, respectively, and both significantly inhibited the growth of HT-29 cells at 6 mg/mL media. The chardonnay sample killed all cells following 24 h of treatment. The obtained data suggests the potential value-adding use of these seed oils and flours as dietary sources of special fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, antioxidants, and antiproliferative agents, for optimal human health. VALUE-ADDING FACTORS IN COLD-PRESSED EDIBLE SEED OILS AND FLOURS.


Theoretical fluorescence yields and X-ray transition energies for the various lines in a multiplet are presented for the electronic configurations 1s2s22pn, 1s2s2pn and 1s2pn (n=3 to 1) of nitrogen. The Auger rates for all the spectroscopic terms leading to the various final states are also listed.


This paper describes the work on the Collaborative Planning Model in Project 12. An hypothesis is presented to attempt to unify the different planning doctrines under a common model. This has guided the development of a generic planning OWL ontology containing aspects of constraint-based reasoning and teamwork. The ontology also models "reasoning steps" and the dependencies between expertise, issues and decisions. The relations between reasoning steps begin to provide a vocabulary for the exploration of different doctrines. An example of collaborative planning, execution and replanning has been used to exercise the ontology, and some initial tools have been generated as a plugin to Protégé to assist the input, analysis and diagramming of plans.


A simple gravity feed device, which has been found very useful for lymphangiography, may be built easily with several blocks of wood and two strap hinges. The large block is bored to hold two 10-c.c. syringes. The strap hinges are placed so that they will form a 90° angle when the syringe is at the 5-c.c. level. Lead weights are placed on the lever and the position may be varied to change the rate of flow. There is no danger of building up an increased pressure if the syringe sticks, as with the commercial screw-type injector, and any sticking that does occur is usually overcome by simple rotation of the barrel. Plastic variations of this device have been constructed. The wood model, however, is still the simplest and cheapest for those departments doing an insufficient number of lymphangiographic examinations to warrant the purchase of more expensive equipment.


Tracheal duplication cyst is a rare congenital malformation presenting in childhood with stridor or dysphagia from a mass effect on the trachea or esophagus. The features of the tracheal duplication cyst are similar to those of bronchogenic duplication cyst and laryngeal duplication cyst, but with histopathological features of the trachea. The trachea is known to originate from the respiratory diverticulum, a ventral outpouching of foregut lumen. The postulated embryological basis of a tracheal duplication cyst may be similar to that of the anomalous bronchi and is a result of abnormal budding of the bronchial tree during the fourth to sixth weeks of embryogenesis. The wall of the cyst is made up by tissue similar to the bronchial tree, includingcartilageand smoothmuscle, and is lined by secretory respiratory epithelium composed of cuboid or columnar ciliated epithelium (1–4). There were no reports in the literature of tracheal duplication cysts in adults. A 51-year-old male presented with a 10-year history of an asymptomatic "left thyroid nodule." Prior ultrasoundguided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy was consistent with a "benign thyroid nodule" (per patient's report). He was euthyroid with TSH levels 0.50 IU/L (0.40–4.520 IU/L) in 1996; 0.42 IU/mL (0.40–5.50 IU/mL) in 2001; 0.6 IU/mL (0.40–5.50 IU/mL) with T4 level 1.3 ng/dL (0.8–1.8 ng/dL) in 2001; and 1.1 IU/mL (0.45– 4.50 IU/mL) with T4 level 1.18 ng/dL (0.82–1.77 ng/dL) in 2011. A thyroid uptake scan in 1989 described a "flat 1-cm nodule in the lower pole of the left thyroid lobe demonstrated to be cold on the radionuclide study," whereas thyroid ultrasound from the same year (March 1989) described an "approximately 2 2.2-cm cyst in the region of a cold nodule." At that time, levothyroxine was prescribed to suppress nodule growth. Serial thyroid ultrasound evaluations from 2001 to 2012 demonstrated size variation from 2.5 2.1 2.1 cm (volume, 5.77 cm) in 2001; 2.6 2.2 2.1 cm (volume, 6.29 cm) in 2008 (Figure 1, A and B); to 2.8 2.3 1.9 cm (volume, 6.40 cm) in November 2011. The nodule was solid, hypoechoic, with "eggshell" type of calcifications. There were no contralateral nodules present in studies from 2001 until 2011. Thyroid ultrasound in 2011 revealed a new smaller nodule in the left thyroid lobe measuring 0.2 0.2 0.12 cm. The patient remained asymptomatic. Three consecutive ultrasound-guided FNA biopsies of the thyroid nodule were performed in March, June, and August 2012, using a 25G needle. The FNA biopsies were deemed inadequate for evaluation by an on-site cytologist and in the final report. Two subsequent FNA biopsies (March and June 2012) have shown an absence of follicular cells. An additional pass with a 20G needle extracted 2 mL of dark brown "cystic contents" during the last biopsy. Final cytopathological diagnosis of the last FNA biopsy showed benign-appearing follicular cells mixed with debris and the presence of histiocytes and colloid material, but it was "nondiagnostic." The presence of a few follicular cells was explained by passage of the needle through normal thyroid tissue. A thyroid ultrasound after the second biopsy (August 2012) showed that this nodule measured 2.6 2.3 2.0 cm (volume, 6.26 cm) and had slightly decreased in size after fluid aspiration during the second biopsy. The last FNA biopsy included molecular markers assessment (miRInform Thyroid Panel; Asuragen) and demonstrated no mutations due to the absence of follicular cells. So far, all three consecutive ultrasoundguided FNA biopsies were nondiagnostic (Bethesda category 1). Because of slight growth of the nodule from 2001 to 2011, and basing our management on ATA guidelines


e18200Background: The analysis of drug safety is a mandatory part of pharmaceutical studies. For quality of life (QoL) interventions equal standards are missing. We performed a safety analysis for ...


This paper is an attempt to understand the problems faced by children caught in conflict zones. It starts with an introduction which explores in detail the various problems faced by children caught in armed conflicts. It goes on to critically consider the effectiveness of various international instruments implemented in a bid to curb the problems identified. It then recommends possible ways for further improvement.


Use of the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) Verbal, Quantitative, and Physics tests in graduate admissions is a questionable practice if minimum acceptable scores are required. At the same time, research shows that these tests have little value as predictors of students' future success in graduate school and beyond. An attractive alternative is the use of non-cognitive assessments such as tests of certain personality characteristics. At the Women in Astronomy IV meeting in Austin, TX, in June 2017, a panel discussion of these topics was held, and conference attendees were polled regarding which personal characteristics are most important for success in graduate school. This paper reports on these discussions.


Objective To evaluate multi-slice CT (MSCT) findings of bronchiectasis.Mauerials and Methods MSCT findings in 29 patients with bronchiectasis proved by surgery and clinical findings were analyzed retrospectively.Results Abnormal dilated bronchi were observed on multiplanar reformation (MPR) in all 29 patients (100%) including cylindrical type bronchiectasis in 11 cases,cystic type bronchiectasis in 5 cases,varicose type bronchiectasis in 3 cases,and mixed-dilated type bronchiectasis in 10 patients.Of 21 cases undergone virtual endoscopy,15 cases showed bronchial mucosal inflammation,mucous plug,blood clot,and incomplete cricoid cartilage.Of 29 patients with images reformatted by transparency technique,bronchial dilatation was showed in 7 cases.Conclusion MSCT could be helpful in the evaluation of bronchiectasis.


Science and technology are primary productivity,agricultural science and technology are important driving force for the development of modern agriculture,the sustainable and rapid development of modern agriculture can not do without the support of agricultural science and technology.However,at present,China's agricultural science and technology policy restricted the development of agricultural science and technology.Therefore,China's agricultural science and technology policy adjustment and innovation have become an urgent and serious problem.


eywords: ayered double hydroxide ubricant material riction performances gravimetric analyzer (DSC–TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the modified LDH has platelet morphology with a near hexagon shape. In addition, the tribological properties of GMAC-LDH were evaluated by four-ball friction tester and gear tester. As a lubricant, GMAC-LDH possesses an excellent property on reducing friction and wear of friction pair. The results of friction tests indicated that the friction coefficient, diameter of wear scar and power consumption of the oil with by 11 agnesite GMAC-LDH was reduced . Introduction In recent years, the exploration of nanoparticles used as ubricant materials has received considerable attention owing o their unique properties in anti-wear, reducing friction, and he endurance under extreme pressure [1–3]. Many studies on olid particles, such as elementary substance [4,5], oxides [6,7], orate [8] and layered silicate minerals used as lubricant addiives have been reported. In some papers, serpentine was served s anti-frictional and self-repairing materials. According to the xperimental results, serpentine could significantly reduce friction oefficient and wear of friction pairs. Yu [9] found that the addiion of 1.5 wt% serpentine (layered silicate mineral) to oil with the oad at 100 N could decrease the friction coefficient by 50.6% and the ear rate of disk specimen by 82.3% as compared to pure oil. On the asis of Zhao [10], the friction coefficient of base oil with 0.5 wt% erpentine could be reduced by 21.83% compared with the base il. Although the serpentine has superior performance in reducing riction coefficient and anti-wear, the processes, such as ultrafine owders, surface modification and activating treatment, may be omplex before natural minerals are used as anti-frictional and selfepairing materials. In addition, the particle size of serpentine is ifficult to control [11]. The materials with simple synthesis process nd controlling granulation are needed to be utilized as lubricant aterial. ∗ Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 13717841830; fax: +86 10 82323201. E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com (X. Wang). 169-4332/$ – see front matter © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.04.014 .0%, 8.5% and 2.1% as compared with that of base oil. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), also known as anionic or hydrotalcite-like clays, are a class of layered compounds that consist of positively charged brucite-like host layers and hydrated exchangeable anions located in the interlayer gallery for charge balance. The charge of the brucite-like layers was due to the isomorphous substitution of a part of the divalent metal ions by trivalent ones [12]. The general chemical composition of LDH is [M1−xMx (OH)2]x+(An−)x/n·mH2O, where M2+ and M3+ are divalent and typically trivalent metal cations respectively on the layer; x is the molar ratio of the trivalent cation [M3+/(M2++M3+)]; An− is the interlayer anions with the charge n and m is the amount of H2O interlayer. LDHs have been found in a wide variety of uses, such as adsorbents, catalysts, catalyst supports, biosensors and magnetic materials [13–15]. Recently, the LDH used as lubricant additive was reported. Fu [16] reported that the friction coefficient of oil with Cu–Mg–Al–CO3 LDHs could be reduced 32% in comparison with base oil. Bai [11] delivered a paper about the friction performances of Co–Al–CO3 layered double-metal hydroxides. The result indicated that Co–Al-LDHs could significantly reduce friction coefficient and energy consumption of driving motor by 49.1% and 7.0% respectively. The experimental result of Zhao [17] shown that the Mg–Al–CO3 LDH prepared by chemical reagents has excellent property in friction-reduce, with the friction coefficient decreased by 23.9% comparing with base oil. In addition, LDHs were easy obtained by many ways [18–21], the granularity of which could be also controlled through synthetic conditions. Because of these advantages, LDHs may be widely used as lubricant material. In this paper, Mg–Al–CO3 layered double hydroxide prepared with magnesite was modified by sodium laurate solution to face Science 277 (2013) 134– 138 135


Background: The substrates and regulation of DHHC protein palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs) are largely unknown. Results: Flotillin-2 palmitoylation is abolished in DHHC5 gene-targeted neural stem cells, and neuronal differentiation induces DHHC5 turnover. Conclusion: Flotillin-2 is a substrate for DHHC5, which is regulated at the protein level. Significance: The paper describes an approach to PAT substrate identification and a new PAT regulation mechanism. Post-translational palmitoylation of intracellular proteins is mediated by protein palmitoyltransferases belonging to the DHHC family, which share a common catalytic Asp-His-His-Cys (DHHC) motif. Several members have been implicated in neuronal development, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. We previously observed that mice homozygous for a hypomorphic allele of the ZDHHC5 gene are impaired in context-dependent learning and memory. To identify potentially relevant protein substrates of DHHC5, we performed a quantitative proteomic analysis of stable isotope-labeled neuronal stem cell cultures from forebrains of normal and DHHC5-GT (gene-trapped) mice using the bioorthogonal palmitate analog 17-octadecynoic acid. We identified ∼300 17-octadecynoic acid-modified and hydroxylamine-sensitive proteins, of which a subset was decreased in abundance in DHHC5-GT cells. Palmitoylation and oligomerization of one of these proteins (flotillin-2) was abolished in DHHC5-GT neuronal stem cells. In COS-1 cells, overexpression of DHHC5 markedly stimulated the palmitoylation of flotillin-2, strongly suggesting a direct enzyme-substrate relationship. Serendipitously, we found that down-regulation of DHHC5 was triggered within minutes following growth factor withdrawal from normal neural stem cells, a maneuver that is used to induce neural differentiation in culture. The effect was reversible for up to 4 h, and degradation was partially prevented by inhibitors of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. These findings suggest that protein palmitoylation can be regulated through changes in DHHC PAT levels in response to differentiation signals.


In 1934, two kinds of multiplicative relations, norm and Davenport-Hasse relations, between Gaussian sums, were known. In 1964, H. Hasse conjectured that the norm and Davenport-Hasse relations are the only multiplicative relations connecting the Gaussian sums over Fp. However, in 1966, K. Yamamoto provided a simple counterexample disproving the conjecture when Gaussian sums are considered as numbers. This counterexample was a new type of multiplicative relation, called a sign ambiguity (see Definition 3.3), involving a ± sign not connected to elementary properties of Gauss sums. In Chapter 5, we provide an explicit product formula giving an infinite class of new sign ambiguities and we resolve the ambiguous sign by using the Stickelberger's theorem.


Recognizing human actions in video streams is a challenging task in the field of image processing and surveillance. This is due to variabilities in shapes, articulations of human body, cluttered background scene and occlusions. Conventional human action recognition algorithms generate coarse clusters of input videos, with lesser information regarding the cluster generation. In this paper, a mapping technique has been proposed which transforms the gait sequences into document-word template required for topic models such as Latent Dirichlet Algorithm (LDA). LDA is used to group the input videos into finer clusters. Experiments on KTH dataset [10] suggest that the proposed algorithm is effective method for recognizing human actions from the video streams.


To be fully deployed in high-throughput acoustic filter testing environment, pyramid probe cards require accurate characterization and deembedding techniques. This article presents a systematic design procedure for an on-wafer short-open-load-thru (SOLT) calibration kit on lithium niobate substrates for filter measurements using pyramid probe cards. First, the propagation velocity of the lithium niobate substrate is extracted from a transmission line measurement-based characterization methodology. Next, the coefficient of the Thru standard is calculated using the propagation velocity. A line-reflect-reflect-match (LRRM)-based self-calibration algorithm and the partially known standards can then be used to remove the errors associated with the pyramid probe card. The coefficients of the remaining standards of the on-wafer calibration kit are finally extracted by employing the calibrated probe card. As the test fixture itself is utilized to characterize the on-wafer calibration kit, the need of additional fixtures and measurements is eliminated. The effectiveness of the on-wafer calibration is validated by performing repeatable measurements of state-of-the-art filters fabricated on lithium niobate substrate and comparing with other calibration approaches such as port extension and off-wafer calibration using impedance standard substrate (ISS). We demonstrate that the on-wafer calibration kit offers comparable performance in terms of in-band loss and out-of-band rejection.


across the Irish diaspora, empire as context for these institutions, and the role of international bodies in holding the Irish state to account. Media is another prevalent theme, reflecting JFM's accomplished press campaign that has made use of opinion editorials, mass email chains and social media to collate political responses, democratise evidence and increase public awareness of Ireland's Magdalene Laundries. Much thought is also given to commemoration, from events, plaques, and gardens to safe houses for women and children, a national archive, and a museum. Prevailing throughout is the notion that remembering the past is critical to honouring the women who endured these institutions, and that this should be attended by regard for the contemporary exigences of survivors and their families. This is a challenging and powerfully repetitive book replete with narrative detail. By far the most compelling elements are where the authors rely on survivor experience to propel their verdict of the insouciance and imprudence of the Irish government. Overall, the authors succeed in their ambition of restoring power to the survivors of Ireland's Magdalene Laundries by uplifting their definition of the abuses they have experienced and by embodying the "transformative potential" of listening to women's voices (188).


This paper investigates the sublime as manifested in the architecture of Tadao Ando. The primary object of interpretation is his Azuma House (1976) in Osaka. However, according to Ando, the sublime equally characterises his religious work such as the Church of the Light (1989) near Osaka. One unique characteristic of Ando's architecture is the treatment of residential and religious buildings according to common spatial themes, challenging the conventional dichotomy between the profane and the sacred. The evocation of the sublime can be claimed as one such theme. Both buildings are particularisations of the theme of the sublime: in the case of the Azuma House into the context of the everyday and, in the case of the Church of the Light, into the context of the theological horizon of Christianity. This paper elucidates how the spatial setting of the Azuma residence conditions, in a distinguishing manner, the experience of the sublime. Given that, in the history of Western architecture, Etienne-Louis Boullee's architecture of immense emptiness (as manifested in the Metropolitan Basilica and Newton's Cenotaph) presents itself as one of the most distinctive articulations of the sublime, it is employed here as the dialogic partner for Ando's architecture of the sublime.


The physical and electrochemical coloration characteristics of tungsten oxide films rf sputtered from a compressed powder WO3 target have been investigated. Oxide films with 3600–9800 A thickness were deposited on substrates maintained at 200 °C at a total pressure of 0.5–8×10−2 Torr in Ar gas or an Ar‐0.5‐50% O2 gas mixture. Physical properties of the oxide films depend on the oxygen concentration and total pressure of the sputtering atmosphere. The films prepared at 4×10−2 Torr in a mixture of Ar‐0.5‐20% O2 gas are transparent and amorphous, and their electrical resistivity ranges from 6.5×108 to 2.4×1011 Ω cm. The films prepared at pressures between 4 and 6×10−2 Torr in an Ar‐50% O2 gas mixture are transparent, and have crystallites with a composition of WO3. The films prepared at 1×10−2 Torr in a mixture of Ar‐0.5 and 5.0% O2 gas are blue colored and transparent, respectively, and these films are crystallites with a composition of WO2.83. Electrochemichromic properties of the rf sputtered tungsten oxi...


This article discusses the developing process of th version sequences of specifications and th formal expressions of various reconstructions including the expansion and revision of the version at each stage.The author suggests using ECC(Extended Calculus of Construction(to describe the specifications of formal system and using functional language ML to implement this developing process.


The design of the prototype of high temperature neutron target is proposed as well as the experimental test program. The prototype comprises the rotating disk with the graphite rim fixed. The main goal of experiments is the thermo-mechanical test of the prototype in the heating regime close to operating one. The prototype heating is carrying out by the high power electron beam.


Abstract Some high manganese austenitic steels show extraordinarily high ductility due to twinning induced plasticity (TWIP). The TWIP-effect is based on the formation of crystal twins in the austenitic lattice structure as a response to mechanical strain resulting in an extraordinary high ductility. Therefore, TWIP steels are very interesting for forming processes like deep drawing. Within the collaborative research center 747 (SFB 747 "Mikrokaltumformung") of the German Research Foundation (DFG), micro-components are produced by deep drawing from thin metal foils with thicknesses from 20 μm to 50 μm. The production of such foils by conventional methods as multiple rolling processes of cast sheets is very time consuming since the initial defect free crystal lattice has to be recovered repeatedly by heat treatments after each rolling process to reach a final foil thickness below 50 μm. In the present work, physical vapor deposition (PVD) by DC magnetron sputtering was used as an alternative way to produce thin (≈ 15 μm) TWIP steel foils. An iron based alloy with 25 mass % manganese, 3 mass % silicon and 3 mass % aluminum was deposited onto 100 μm copper foils. After the deposition process the copper substrate foils were removed by selective etching without affecting the resulting TWIP steel films. Microstructure, phase contents and mechanical properties of the resulting PVD-X5MnAlSi25-3-3 TWIP-steel foils were characterized as a function of post annealing conditions. Additionally, the influence of the roughness of the copper substrate foils on the mechanical properties of the resulting PVD-TWIP steel foils was investigated.


Background. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis remain severe epidemic problems in the world. That's why the purpose of our study was to investigate the dynamics of the incidence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, the structure of cases and the effectiveness of treatment in this category of patients in the Kharkiv region and in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. To perform the study, data from reporting forms No. 4-2 (TB 07 – MDR TB), No. 8-6 (TB 08) and data from analytical and statistical reference books "Tuberculosis in Ukraine" were used. Statistical processing of information was carried out using Statistica 7.0, Microsoft Office Excel 2007.
Results. We found a relatively consistently high incidence rate, prevalence of tuberculosis recurrences among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis, an increase in the proportion of extensively-drug resistance in patients with treatment failure and interrupted treatment, and low effectiveness of treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in patients with repeated cases of treatment.
Conclusions. The obtained data once again emphasizes the need for the selection of adequate schemes for antituberculosis chemotherapy and control of anti-tuberculosis drugs.


–Rabdi doodh is a popular concentrated and sweetened milk based drink which is quite popular in Pakistan and India. It is an intermediate product of rabdi processing and have very refreshing effect especially in hot season. Up till now no work has been reported on optimization and commercialization of rabdi doodh with standard quality and shelf life. This study was aimed to develop a balanced recipe of rabdi doodh with uniform quality along with relatively longer shelf life. The product was prepared by standardizing total solids with Khoya and sugar to three different levels 20% (R1), 25% (R2) and 30% (R3). Product was stored at 4°C for 28 days and physiochemical analysis was done at every 7 th day's interval. The results have shown significant reduction in fat (7.75% to 6.95%), in lactose (7.24% to 5.99%), in protein (6.45% to 5.86%) and in pH (6.79 to 5.68) in overall mean values during storage period. The mean values for titrable acidity were significantly increased from 0.06% to 0.47% at the end of study. The overall acceptability was significantly improved by increasing total solids and R3 scored maximum (7.75) while R1 scored minimum (6.41) points in sensory evaluation. Keywords––Development, Optimization, Quality assessment,


Current research attempts to describe morphologic features seen in very high resolution Viking Orbiter images of crater ejecta blankets and interiors, in order to constrain the most likely target properties at the time of crater formation. The Viking Orbiter image data set contains approximately 400 frames at a spatial resolution of better than 10 meters per pixel, and 2,200 frames at a resolution of better than 20 meters per pixel, for which the atmosphere was either clear or only slightly obscured. A search is being conducted of all these images and so far has revealed several examples of both interior and exterior features of impact craters that bear on the nature of the ejecta fluidizing medium. Preliminary observations and speculations on the physical state of the Martian regolith at the time of crater formation are given and briefly discussed.


Whether employee stock options should be expensed at the grant date has been a highly controversial accounting issue. While the existing literature draws pro-expensing conclusions based on accounting principles and analogies, we shed new light to the issue by examine three functions of option granting in an analytical model. In principle, we show that while expensing is justified for financing options granted for expense postponement, it would misrepresent incentive options granted for long-term performance improvement. In practice, we show that options' fair value or the cost of granting them may not be the right amount to expense, and the inherent risk-sharing function of employee stock options poses a fundamental difficulty in estimating their fair value based on option pricing models. In conclusion, the findings of our examination do not support mandatory option expensing.


The invention aims to avoid clogging of the air passages in the curvics type couplings between engine parts and possible damage to the engine parts when defrettages of protective elements. To do this, the invention provides to form axial stops by the ring gears of curvics couplings. A coupling according to the invention comprises two rings (22, 24), each crown being at the end of a driving part (12, 14) and meshed with each other to communicate a rotary drive about an axis central (X'X) while passing air (F2, F4) between the male and female portions of tooth crowns, outside a landing zone Za. The ring (22, 24) are extended at least partially radially with respect to each other, so as to form an outer extension (22e) and an inner extension (24i) of crown facing elements respectively (19, 16) enveloping the drive part (14, 12) mounted on the other ring (24, 22). Application lines rotors of turbomachinery.


OBJECTIVE
Eribulin mesylate (EM) is a fully synthetic macrocyclic ketone analogue of the marine natural product halichondrin. EM has been reported to be active in metastatic breast cancer. In this paper, we report efficacy and safety of data of EM in a retrospective, real-world series of patients with poor prognosis, hormone-refractory, or triple-negative metastatic breast cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The analysis was carried out at 4 interrelated oncology centers. EM was delivered at the dose of 1.4 mg/m2 in 100 mL of normal saline over 2 to 5 minutes on days 1 and 8 every 21 days. EM was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Side effects were reported every cycle as per standard clinical practice and graded according to NCI-CTCAE, version 4.0. Time-to-progression and overall survival were reported.

RESULTS
In this series of 90 patients the overall response rate was 22%, and 21% and 23% in the hormonal-resistant group and the triple-negative one, respectively. Stable disease was recorded in 24%, 21%, and 27%, respectively, in the whole series, the hormonal-resistant group, and the triple-negative one, respectively. Time-to-progression was 3.5 months (range, 1 to 22 mo) in the whole series and 3.0 months (range, 1 to 14.7 mo) and 3.4 months (range, 2.2 to 16.2 mo) in the hormonal-resistant group and the triple-negative one, respectively. Overall survival reached a median of 11.4 months.

CONCLUSIONS
This multicenter study, albeit retrospective, demonstrates the activity of this combination as third-line chemotherapy option in a challenging clinical setting such as triple-negative or hormone-resistant patients with breast cancer progressing after several lines of hormonal manipulations.


We give an overview of the problems and developments associated with the calculation of radiative corrections to off-shell gauge-boson pair production in e^+ e^- collisions.


In fact experience shows that even if the same processes of acculturation of the development of a plantation economy or of growth in the demographic burden cause the same problems they do not systematically give rise to the same migratory reflexes in all island settings. In some islands strong migratory currents develop and grow which the island society can no longer keep under control; in others where racial cohesion has remained strong the migratory flow stays at a reasonable level in relation both to the number of departures and to length of stay. Certain island "situations" then show themselves to be more favourable than others to the development of migration to town and to progressive transformation of circular migration into "wild migration" of the rural exodus type. In another paper I noted that circular migration of the traditional type is linked with a stage at which the number of migrants is relatively limited; for example when they do not make up more than 10% of the total resident population of the island. Over this numerical threshold traditional migration is really overwhelmed; it becomes "wild" or uncontrolled--in other words without rules--and evolves towards migration of the rural exodus type such as is seen in the large towns of the Asian or African Third World. In the latter case the migrants settle permanently in town and break with the traditional world from which they come. My purpose is to try to explain the "upsteam" aspect of the movement that is the point of origin and the changes which have affected island society and agrarian systems. This may be considered as an investigation of the situations which are favourable for urban migration within the particular setting of an oceanic archipelago. (excerpt)


Nowadays, the applications based on TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol) network are growing rapidly. By this application monitoring and control functions are easily and widely accessible through networks. Every PC (Personal Computer) can be connected to several microcontroller, but there are difficulties to access microcontroller directly through TCP/IP networks. This research study the use of virtual IP on a PC that connected with several microcontrollers, where each microcontroller is connected to a sensor device to monitoring temperature and a relay for controlling. In this method, each set of the microcontroller can be accessed directly using the IP. The results show that this system can be a distributed monitoring and controlling system which has the ability to record and display the results in the form of graphs.


We present 3.5 years worth of results from our on-going program of monitoring daily flux densities of selected galactic and extragalactic compact radio sources a t 2695 and 8085 MHz ( 1 1.1 and 3.7 cm, respectively). SS433 is rarely found to be in a "quiescent" state. It varies sporadically and dramatically, yet its spectral index remains fairly constant a t (S a va), a -0.6. Harmonic analysis on data obtained during one quiescent period reveals a periodicity of 6.5 days. No other periodicity was seen at any time. BL Lac also varies aperiodically although during times of both rise and fall of major outbursts the spectral index exhibits flickers on a time scale of 50-1 00 days. The rapid variations suggest a Doppler beaming factor of 10-40 to keep the brightness temperature below 10l2 K and, thus, avoid Compton cooling. Other sources on our observing program that were not displayed were discussed privately.


This paper is a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between common stock price reactions to announcements of convertible security calls and variables that represent possible determinants of changes in common stockholders' wealth. The variables are measures of the following effects of convertible security calls: (1) the change in interest expense tax shields, (2) the potential redistribution of wealth from common stockholders to preferred stockholders and debt holders,(3) the decrease in the value of conversion privileges heldby convertible security holders, (4) the relative increase in shares outstanding and (5) the change in earnings per share. A significant relationshipis found only between the measure of the reduction in interest expense tax shields and the stock price response to call announcements.The apparent corporate tax effect is consistent with some combination of effects due to (1) a reduction in interest expense tax shields and (2) unfavorable information about the calling firm's value of earnings prospects that is conveyed by a call of convertible securities.The evidence is consistent with theories of capital structure that imply optimal financial leverage depends on earnings prospects and with theories that imply reductions in leverage convey unfavorable information about firm value.


The aim of this work was to study the ability of low density polyethylene film (PE-LD) modified by 10% starch for the storage of frozen spinach puree at –18oC. For that purpose the frozen spinach puree was repacked in PE-LD modified and unmodified films of the same thickness. The physico-chemical characteristics of unused and used films for spinach, were compared at determined conditions. Film characteristics were monitored by determination of mechanical properties, IR-specstra and film peremabilities for oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen in a 60-day storage period. Spinach quality parameters, such as dry matter, pH, redox potential (rH) and total chlorophyll lpigments, were monitored. The results of the mechanical properties determination, showed that in the modified PE-LD film the changes in structure occurred because of the interaction between the spinach puree ingredients and the film at a low temperature. However, the statistical analyses showed that there were no significant differences in the mechanical properties of the films with and without starch modification. These findings were confirmed by the determination of redox potential and total chlorophyll pigments in the spinach puree. The obtained values for the mentioned parameters, as well as for the IR-spectra of both kinds of films did not show any significant differences.


A balanced carrier mother with a t(2;9) (q31;p24) had a son with partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 2(q31 leads to qter). A comparison of this child with other cases from the literature suggests that hypertelorism, a short nose, a broad nasal bridge, low-set ears, micrognathia, clinodactyly, a short neck and muscular hypotonia are characteristic phenotypic features of individuals having a duplication of 2q31 leads to qter.


With the increase in the number of relay nodes in large-scale underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWA-SNs), the learning costs of routing protocols based on reinforcement learning algorithms continue to increase. In this paper, we take the Q-learning (QL) algorithm as the example of the reinforcement learning algorithm, combined with the clustering algorithm based on genetic simulated annealing algorithm (SAGAFCM), and propose an improved QL routing protocol (IQLR) aimed at reducing the time complexity of QL-based routing algorithm. The core idea is to preprocess the underwater relay nodes before applying the traditional QL algorithm for routing optimization. The simulation results show that compared with the un-preprocessed/traditional QL routing algorithm (UQLR), the proposed IQLR can greatly reduce the time cost of the QL-based routing algorithm while ensuring that the transmission quality does not change much.


Urban and rural differences in childbirth experiences were explored in 171 Pedi women delivering in hospitals and clinics. Results suggest that differences between these groups exist, with rural women adhering to some delivery customs such as burial of the placenta and childbirth blood as well as beliefs in witchcraft. In addition rural women tend to exclude the husband for longer in the post-partum period. Knowledge of obstetric techniques is also poorer in rural women. Beliefs about breast feeding suggest that urban mothers have more accurate information than rural women while, however, instituting more unhealthy infant feeding practices. Some implications of these findings are discussed.


Nitrogen fertilizer is an important component of crop production; however, its excessive application could result in N loss that could have serious environmental concerns. Straw incorporation in the soil after crop harvest is one of the most feasible straw management techniques, however, the optimization of nitrogen (N) fertilizer management and maize straw incorporation to modulate the crop yield and to maintain N balance in sweet corn is necessary to get better yields on a sustained basis. The present study was comprised of two straw management treatments i.e., (i) no straw return (S0), and (ii) incorporation of crushed corn ears by into the soil using rotary tiller (S100) and four N fertilizer management treatments i.e., (i) common farmer practice with total N applied at 300 kg ha−1 with 50%, 5%, 30%, and 15% splits at basal, 3-leaf stage (V3), at hilling stage (V8) and at tasseling/flowering stage (RT), respectively (FM); (ii) application of total N at 225 kg ha−1 with 40%, 10% and 50% at basal, 3-leaf stage (V3) and at hilling stage (V8), respectively (OMI); (iii) application of total N at 150 kg ha−1 with 40%, 10% and 50% at basal, 3-leaf stage (V3), and at hilling stage (V8), respectively (OMII); and (iv) the treatment without any fertilizer application (N0). The hybrid sweet corn cultivar 'Yuetian 28' was grown during the spring and autumn growing seasons of 2016 and 2017. The results showed that the N management treatments substantially improved the fresh ear yield, ear number and ear weight, partial factor productivity from nitrogen (PFPN), recovery efficiency from nitrogen (REN), and agronomic efficiency from nitrogen (AEN). Compared with FM, the OMI and OMII treatments significantly increased the AEN and PFPN whilst decreased the apparent N loss, however, the fresh ear yield, ear number and ear weight in OMI treatment were found to be statistically similar (p ˃ 0.05) to FM. Moreover, the S100 treatment did not affect the fresh ear yield and yield components significantly. Overall, straw return combined with an optimized N fertilizer application could improve the yield of sweet corn on a sustained basis with minimum and/or negligible N loss.


Labor is a very important event in a woman's life. Primipara is the first mother to give birth and has no experience in childbirth so that her anxiety level is relatively higher compared to mother who had given birth. Mentoring is accompaniment behavior, directly involved as a guide in labor, where the most important is the provision of support. The purpose of this study is to mengatahui first experience of the mother gave birth normally accompanied by a husband who covers alalan want accompanied husband during the process of birth and mother's psychological experience during the process of accompanied by her husband. The type of this research is qualitative research, the method used in this research is the method of data collection technique phenomenology done by in-depth interview, observation and voice recorder. The number of participants in this study as many as 8 participants who were accompanied by the husband during childbirth. The result of the research is the reason the mother wants to be accompanied by the husband during the process of birth is the desire accompanied by the husband, calming, encouraging, knowing the process of childbirth. The psychological experience of the mother when accompanied by the husband during labor is comfortable, happy, undiscoverable, anxiously reduced and proud.


In molecular modeling extended systems are often only partially optimized in order to restrict the computational cost. For instance in a first step the whole system is optimized
at a low level-of-theory, and in the next step only part of the atoms, usually the chemically active region, is optimized at a high level-of-theory, while atoms in the passive region are kept fixed at their original positions.
However, partially optimized geometries are non-equilibrium structures and the standard normal mode analysis shows some serious defects. The Cartesian Hessian has only 3 zero-eigenvalues instead of 6, implying that the rotational invariance is not manifest anymore. Spurious imaginary frequencies appear. Moreover the eigenvalues of the Hessian are coordinate dependent.
In the Partial Hessian Vibrational Analysis [1], [2] these defects are surmounted by giving the fixed part an infinite mass. We propose a new model, the Mobile Block Hessian (MBH) approach, which takes into account the finite mass of the fixed block and avoids the spurious frequencies and the coordinate dependence [3]. The approach was generalized to the case of several mobile blocks. The MBH has been validated by comparing eigenfrequencies and eigenvectors, vibrational entropy and enthalpy, and recently reaction rate constants [4], with remarkably satisfying results. Comparison of MBH with another promising partial Hessian method, the Vibrational Subsystem Analysis [5], shows that both models are essentially different, and a combination of MBH and VSA is one of the future possibilities.
One of the main advantages is that the implementation of the MBH allows a considerable reduction of computer time [6]. After several tests with smaller QM systems, the method is now included in the CHARMM package, allowing the simulation of more extended biosystems such as amylose or insulin. Work is in progress to exploit this computational profit by combining MBH with QM/MM models, which will broaden the range of applications.


[Purpose] To investigate the effect of Tranilast on expressions of TGF-β1,type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen induced by radiation lung injury in rats.[Methods] Sixty-five Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups:irradiation and Tranilast treatment group(experimental group),25 rats;irradiation alone group,25 rats;and control group,15 rats.Level of TGF-β1 in plasm was detected at different time points.Expression of TGF-β1,typeⅠand Ⅲ collagen was detected immunohistochemically.Morphological characteristics in right pulmonary were observed microscopically.[Results] Compared to irradiation alone group,the appearance of alveolitis and fibrosis was delayed and mild,and TGF-β1 expression was significantly lower in 2 months after irradiation in experimental group(P=0.002).TypeⅠcollagen(3 months after irradiation)and Ⅲ collagen deposition(2 months after irradiation)in experimental group significantly decreased compared with irradiation alone group(P=0.001).The peak of TGF-β1 in plasm was delayed until the third month after radiation in experimental group.[Conclusion] Tranilast alleviates radiation-induced lung injury via down-regulating TGF-β1 expression,as well as reducing biosynthesis of type I and Ⅲ collagens.It suggests that Tranilast is provided with therapeutic potential as an antifibrotic agent.


We designed and synthesized a novel class of highly photoactive C60(> CPAF-Cn) nanostructures for their potential uses as photonic materials, using CPAF-Cn chromophore as the light-harvesting antenna. It is a part of our research effort on developing C60(> DPAF-Cn)-based nonlinear photonic organics. We extended the structural modification by chemical conversion of the keto group in C60(> DPAF-Cn) compound to a 1,1-dicyanoethylenyl moiety with stronger electron-withdrawing ability that resulted in a largely increased electronic polarization of the chromophore conjugate. Structural characterization of several C60(> CPAF-Cn) containing variable alkyl sidechains was made by various spectroscopic methods. Interestingly, the chemical modification leads to a large bathochromic shift of the major absorption band of C60(> CPAF-Cn) in the visible spectrum up to 600 nm and extending the photoresponsive capability of C60–DCE–DPAF nanostructures to longer red wavelengths than the parent C60(> DPAF-Cn) materials.


A set of detection systems for online classification of carbonized bamboo cane based on virtual instrumentation and machine vision technology was developed pertinent to the problem that automation degree of defect detection of carbonized bamboo cane is low. Threshold segmentation and image filtering processing were conducted on images of bamboo cane with image processing technology, and then corresponding defect points were obtained through conducting morphological analysis and particle analysis. Rapid detection upgrading and date storage of carbonized bamboo cane were realized in this system. Experimental results indicate that classification of five kinds of bamboo canes with defects can be realized in this system and classification speed is 70mm/s; and average recognition rate of defect bamboo canes can reach above 90.6%.


Based on climate data observed by Zhangye National Climetological Observatory Fluxes System,the characters and daily variations of surface radiation budget,energy balance,soil temperature and humidity over Gobi area in Heihe basin on clear day and dust conditions were analyzed.The results show that,in a clear day or a dust day,the hourly mean net radiation values during the same time period before dust event are very similar.Dust event bring about fast decreasing of net radiation.The air humidity of near surface boundary layer in dust event is smaller that that in clear condition of the same time,and the soil temperature such as at 0 cm,5 cm and 10 cm depths is lager than that in clear.Compared to the typical regular circulation of surface radiation and heat budget on a clear day the diurnal variations in a dust day are ruleless.


Buzz pollination is unusual in the Styphelioideae, Ericaceae. Sprengelia incarnata and S. propinqua have floral characteristics that suggested they might be adapted to buzz pollination, which has been mooted as a transitional stage to wind pollination. To test whether their flowers are adapted for buzz pollination we observed the behaviour of visiting animals and the floral, pollen and scent attributes of both species. We found that S. incarnata is sonicated by five short-tongued native bee species and S. propinqua is groomed by two. The introduced honeybee (Apis mellifera) visited S. propinqua but ignored S. incarnata. The two Sprengelia species have overlapping pollinator profiles, but have diverged enough in their pollen attributes to elicit different behaviours from the same bee species. Sprengelia propinqua has an additional functional group of potential pollinators: represented by the long-tongued A. mellifera. Both species had similar floral scent profiles but S. incarnata had smaller and drier pollen: a necessary pre-adaptation for ambophily and wind pollination.


A new series of Ni(II),Zn(II) and Cu(II) mixed ligand complexes of pentamethylenedithiocarbamate(pmdtc) with diamines such as ethylene diamine(en), diethylenetriamine (dien) and triethylenetetramine(trien) are reported. The synthesized complexes were characterized by elemental, thermal and magnetic analysis, UV-Visible, infra-red, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and ESR Spectral studies. Antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer activities have also been carried out for these complexes. All the complexes have shown reasonable activity indicating apromising future for the mixed ligand complexes of Ni (II), Zn (II), and Cu (II) in biological field with less side effects.


The invention discloses a biogas fermentation and microalgae breeding coupled system in a cold region, belonging to biomass energy utilization technologies. The system comprises a sunlight plate solar greenhouse, a microalgae breeding pond, a biogas fermentation device and a solid-liquid separation device, a biogas slurry storage device, a liquid pump A, a biogas combustion heat exchange device and a hot water storage device, wherein a microalgae breeding heating coil pipe and a biogas fermentation heating coil pipe are respectively assembled in the microalgae breeding pond and the biogas fermentation device; and all the devices, the microalgae breeding pond and the coil pipes are respectively communicated with one another through pipelines. According to the system, biogas slurry generated after biogas fermentation and carbon dioxide waste gas generated after heat exchange after biogas combustion are introduced into the microalgae breeding pond, the biogas fermentation and microalgae breeding have complementary advantages by utilizing solar energy, the cost of the biogas fermentation and microalgae breeding is reduced, zero emission of pollutants is realized, and the system is novel and reasonable in structure, reliable to use and good in operating effect.


Sooner or later, many of the older cities of the U.S. are going to have to face up to the fact their population and economic bases are shrinking. Many cities continue to display an easy tolerance toward bloated bureaucracies. Few have the tough, farsighted leadership needed for revitalization. But some cities are coping. Though much industry has fled Pittsburgh, nurturing downtown white-collar employment is helping the city to keep afloat. And Baltimore has converted the heart of its downtown into a culturally rich, architecturally inviting magnet that draws both affluent and middle-income families to work, shop, live, be entertained.


The structure of vessel elements in secondary xylem of the main tree peony cultivars in Luoyang was studied in this paper, with dispersing of vessel elements and microscopical technique.The results showed that the vessel elements were different from each other. According to the principle of vessel elements evolution, there were primitive to the evolutionary relationship among the tree peony cultivars. The evolutional level of vessel elements was consistent with their flower form evolution, which provided a new theory evidence for flower form classification.


Six representative rivers of Hangzhou urban area were selected as object of study.pH,nutrients,organic matter and metal pollutants in the river sediment were monitored and analyzed.The variation characteristics of these indexes were summarized providing a scientific basis for the disposal of urban river pollution control and sediment dredging.The result shows that pH values of urban river sediment are between 7 and 8,which means neutral to slightly alkaline;TN,TP and organic matter are seriously polluted in some rivers;the distribution of heavy metal content is uneven and the contents of Cd,Zn are generally higher.The above pollution features indicate that despite large-scale renovation,the speed of sediment deposition and pollution is faster due to incomplete of interception in a sewer,poor mobility of water body and other reasons.Thus we should strengthen the monitoring of sediment,dredge on a regular basis,establish a sound long-term management mechanism,further deepen the interception in the sewer projects,strengthen environmental cited water distribution so as to enhance the overall promotion of water quality of the environment.


ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 7 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Elephant foot yam [Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson] competes with weeds throughout its growing period owing to its canopy orientation and wider spacing. Manual weeding is the most popular weed control method adopted in elephant foot yam irrespective of drudgery and labourious. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2016 and 2017) at the Regional Centre of Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India to study the effects of polypropylene fabric ground cover (PFGC) on weed control in elephant foot yam. The treatment PFGC resulted in greater corm yield (34.2 tha -1 )which was 253%higher over the weedy check, and 2.4 and 7.2% higher over 4 manual weedings at 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after planting (DAP) (33.4 tha -1 ) and 2 manual weedings at 30 and 60 DAP along with post-emergence application of glyphosate at 90 DAP (31.9 tha -1 ), respectively. The treatment PFGC resulted in greater gross income (Rs 513000 ha -1 ) and profit (Rs287500 ha -1 ) compared to other treatments. Use of PFGC resulted in greater populations of fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes, and enzymes of dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in post harvest soil than initial value that indicated the treatment PFGC could be a good weed control option in elephant foot yam. K e y w o r d s Corm yield, Gross income, Soil microbes, Weed biomass, Weed

https://www.ijcmas.com/9-7-2020/Maniyam Nedunchezhiyan, et al.pdf


Abstract In this paper, we build a theoretical-philosophical interlacing that aims to discuss therelationship between Mathematical Modeling and the reality of the cyberworld. Thisreality is particularly viewed as a possible vector of virtualization, i.e. as an element thatenables the transformation of the perception of the problem involving a particular situationor entity. To do so, we make an association between mathematical modeling andtransformations that involve the ways of being denoted by real, possible, current andvirtual, through the four Aristotelian causes. Complementing this association, we assumea conception of problem that allows a consolidation among the established relationshipsand also a conception of reality that sees the cyberworld as one of its dimensions.Finally, we present an example of mathematical modeling from the classroom, aiming tocharacterize the reality of the cyberworld as a vector of virtualization. Keywords: Problem. Reality. Virtual. Mathematics Education.


Objective
To establish a practicable and balanced emergency department overcrowding (EDO) assessment system suitable for domestic application in Chinese ED setting.

Methods
The factors that might affect EDO were evaluated by multiple linear regression analysis. The National Emergency Department Overcrowding Scale(NEDOCS) was modified(NEDOCSBJ). The database of factors which might affect EDO was founded and the Multidimensional ED Overcrowding Scale (MEDOS) items, including 9 objective and 3 subjective were screened. Simultaneously, the EDO assessment data pairs were collected three times a day (1: 00, 9: 00, 17: 00) for a period of 6 months. Consistency among the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), NEDOCSBJ and MEDOS were checked by Bland-Altmann plot.

Results
The multiple linear regression was made with VAS (average value of VAS-physician and VAS-nurse) as outcome variable, Pbed/Bt, Xn, Wtime and ABI as independent variable. The modified NEDOCS (NEDOCSBJ) model was established: NEDOCSBJ=83.563×(Pbed/Bt)+ 7.201×(Xn)+ 0.116×Wtime+ 0.302×ABI+ 2.835. It was shown that the average value of MEDOS was 25.4 ± 5.8(n=552, 5-39). The correlation analysis showed that MEDOS correlates with VAS (r=0.664, P<0.01) and NEDOCSBJ (r=0.939, P<0.01) significantly. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) between NEDOCSBJ and MEDOS, as well as Bland-Altman plot (95% limits of agreement: -6.74, 30.66), was fairly acceptable, which meant the consistency between the two methods.

Conclusions
It seems that modified NEDOCS (NEDOCSBJ) model has potential value for EDO evaluation, yet it is less practical in emergency environment since it is difficulties to oBtain the primary data, which need advanced patient information track system. MEDOS seems to a promising EDO evaluation method not only because it is intuitive, ready to evaluate, but also because of the availability and good proportionality and balance of the data.

Key words:
Emergency Department; Crowding; The National Emergency Department Overcrowding Scale; Visual Analogue Scale; Multidimensional ED Overcrowding Scale; Methodology; Bland-Altman plot


Pediatric orthopaedic surgeons commonly interact with PM&R specialists as part of the rehabilitation team. This invited communication is intended to present the residency and fellowship education requirements for a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon and give a review of current work-force issues. Pediatric orthopaedic and PM&R collaboration may be in an acute setting, e.g., post injury or post surgery but more commonly occurs with management of chronic conditions, e.g., CP, myelodysplasia and other neuromuscular disorders. In the non-acute setting, even the pediatric orthopaedic surgeon must shift mental gears from a common "acute cure" mode, e.g., post idiopathic spinal deformity reconstruction or fracture treatment, to the less common "management" mode of a long term disease which necessitates a change of treatment pace, expectations, and continuity of care. Despite this change, the goal remains the same – maximization of remaining function. In the US, a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon first completes a highly competitive 5 year orthopaedic residency program in one of 152 accredited programs with ∼ 2850 residents. Post medical school graduation, first year rotations include critical care, burn management, surgery, trauma, neurosurgery, pediatric surgery and emergency medicine. The remaining 4 years are spent on clinical rotations involving acute care and elective reconstruction with increasing responsibility. Rotations of varying length are assigned in trauma, joint arthroplasty, sports orthopaedics, pediatric orthopaedics, adult spine, hand/upper extremity, foot/ankle, and orthopaedic oncology. Didactic train-


Abstract This article studies the diachronic behaviour of the non-finite verbal (participial, gerundial) absolute construction (AC) in (pre)classical and modern Spanish translations from Latin, written between the 15th and the 18th centuries. It focuses on the convergence of and divergence between the ACs of the Spanish target texts and those of the Latin source texts, drawing on three types of translations: (i) Latin absolute constructions translated as Spanish absolutes (translated ACs), (ii) Latin absolute constructions translated as Spanish constructions other than absolutes (non-translated ACs) and (iii) Spanish absolute constructions that do not stem from Latin absolutes (ex-novo ACs). The article traces a diachronic evolution of the AC in terms of formal and functional equivalence, or creativity, and links the results to the cultural-historical context. The analysis shows that the nearly extinct, (pre)classical participial AC developed from a 'marked' Latin calque situated at the far end of the Communicative Distance pole to a less formal, gerundial AC, moving in the direction of Communicative Immediacy. This process of syntactic elaboration concurred with the AC's increased frequency and was caused by language-internal mechanisms such as structural priming and form/function overlap with gerundial free adjuncts (FAs). From the 15th century onwards, a growing tendency towards unbounded construals enabled the gerundial AC to become fully entrenched in early modern Spanish, which guaranteed the survival of this construction.


ABSTRACT

Cahit, KOC. 2010. Teaching English to Grade VIII Students of SMP Semesta by using the direct method in the Academic year of 2009/2010. A final project. English Department. Language and Art Faculty. Semarang State University. First Advisor: Dr. A. Faridi, M.Pd., Second Advisor Dra. C. Murni Wahyanti, M.A.

KeyWords: Teaching English, the direct method

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the use of direct method affects and encourages the students to improve their English ability.
The population of this study is the students of Grades VIII of SMP Semesta Semarang in academic year of 2009/2010. The sampling process was organized by applying a random sampling. The number of sample that is used the study is 51 students. Those students are expected to be the representatives of the population.
I got the data after applying a set of doing questionnaire, try out and pre-test. Based on the try out, I found that 5 students or 9.80% got low score, 16 students or 31.37% got average score, 22 students or 43.14% got high score and 8 students or 15,69% got very high score. Besides, based on pre-test, the writer found that 15 students or 29.41% got average score, 29 students or 56.86% got high score and 7 students or 13.73% got very high score. It shows that the students' level is increased.
I concluded that based on the data that have been collected, the study accepts the working hypothesis that direct method affects and encourages the students to improve their English ability.


The image of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy often contains some little bright details besides noise.The wavelet threshold is good at denoising,but cannot eliminate bright details.Apply math morphology to polluted image,denoising and removing bright details,then process the gotten image using wavelet threshold.The effect of image-denoising is better,and the planar image can be converted into three dimensional image.This function is realized by adopting mixed programming between VC and Matlab and the code is simple.


This is a guide to Open Educational Resources that are free to utilize for students and teachers. Explains the CC license


This paper proposes a new method that quantatively measures the effect of medical consultation recommendation. It uses a new transition probability model. The model is composed of 7 kinds of status related to a specific disease. The status is "no consultation", "consultation", "slight", "moderate", "serious", "healthy", and "secession". The method estimates the transition probability between status by analyzing both the medical examination data and the medical receipt data. It evaluates reactions of object members which are candidate participating in the program of medical consultation recommendation. The transition probability is adjusted by the reactions. This paper focuses on the diabetes as the target disease and applies the method to the data managed by Toshiba health insurance union. Lastly, it verifies the effect of the method based on the simulated result.


Although laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), as a fast on-line analysis technology, has great potential and competitiveness in the analysis of chemical composition and proximate analysis results of coal in thermal power plants, the measurement repeatability of LIBS needs to be further improved due to the difficulty in controlling the stability of the generated plasmas at present. In this paper, we propose a novel x-ray fluorescence (XRF) assisted LIBS method for high repeatability analysis of coal quality, which not only inherits the ability of LIBS to directly analyze organic elements such as C and H in coal, but also uses XRF to make up for the lack of stability of LIBS in determining other inorganic ash-forming elements. With the combination of elemental lines in LIBS and XRF spectra, the principal component analysis and the partial least squares are used to establish the prediction model and perform multi-elemental and proximate analysis of coal. Quantitative analysis results show that the relative standard deviation (RSD) of C is 0.15%, the RSDs of other elements are less than 4%, and the standard deviations of calorific value, ash content, sulfur content and volatile matter are 0.11 MJ kg−1, 0.17%, 0.79% and 0.41% respectively, indicating that the method has good repeatability in determination of coal quality. This work is helpful to accelerate the development of LIBS in the field of rapid measurement of coal entering the power plant and on-line monitoring of coal entering the furnace.


This article describes a project to remove parking capacity from the island of Mont-Saint-Michel in France and re-locate it on the nearby mainland. The bay where the Mont is situated has been silting up since a river was dammed in 1969, and the decision has been taken to re-flood the bay and provide a shuttlecraft service on an elevated causeway to the island. Parking at the Mont itself will no longer be possible because of the need to direct river water around the Mont to flush away accumulated mud. Parking facilities on the mainland need to be very well landscaped to reduce the considerable visual impact of over 4000 cars. Administrative buildings are designed to reflect traditional local architecture. Parking provision includes an extra 2560 spaces in an overspill parking area for peak season.


The invention relates to a method for determining calibration parameters of a vehicle camera (26) after installation in a motor vehicle (25), in which a reference pattern (12) from the vehicle camera (26) takes into account a relative position of the motor vehicle (25) to the reference pattern (12), wherein the relative position of the reference pattern (12) to the motor vehicle (25) by means of at least one spacer (15, 18) is fixed, which is attached to the motor vehicle (25), and a calibration device (10) for Carrying out a method for determining calibration parameters of a vehicle camera (26) of a motor vehicle (25) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a reference pattern (12) for recording with the vehicle camera (26) comprising at least one spacer (15, 18) with a pin (16, 19) which is intended to engage in a towing eye opening of the motor vehicle (25).


The proliferation of IoT and mobile devices equipped with heterogeneous sensors has enabled new applications that rely on the fusion of time-series data generated by multiple sensors with different modalities. While there are promising deep neural network architectures for multimodal fusion, their performance falls apart quickly in the presence of consecutive missing data and noise across multiple modalities/sensors, the issues that are prevalent in real-world settings. We propose Centaur, a multimodal fusion model for human activity recognition (HAR) that is robust to these data quality issues. Centaur combines a data cleaning module, which is a denoising autoencoder with convolutional layers, and a multimodal fusion module, which is a deep convolutional neural network with the self-attention mechanism to capture cross-sensor correlation. We train Centaur using a stochastic data corruption scheme and evaluate it on three datasets that contain data generated by multiple inertial measurement units. Centaur's data cleaning module outperforms 2 state-of-the-art autoencoder-based models and its multimodal fusion module outperforms 4 strong baselines. Compared to 2 related robust fusion architectures, Centaur is more robust, achieving 11.59-17.52% higher accuracy in HAR, especially in the presence of consecutive missing data in multiple sensor channels.


Numerical simulation of propagating waves in unbounded spatial domains is a challenge common to many branches of engineering and applied mathematics. Perfectly matched layers (PML) are a novel tech ...


This paper describes the tests and analysis performed on 3 times 18,000 HP purged and pressurized synchronous motors in order to comply with API 546 standard requirements. These tests are even more important if considered that these motors are being supplied power from an adjustable speed drive that varies the motor speed from 1260 up to 1890 rpm on offshore platforms


EDRS Price MF-$0.23 HC-$0.50 *Criterion Referenced Tests, Evaluation, *Evaluation Methods, Measurement, *Measurement Techniques, *Norm Referenced Tests, Symposia, *Testing, Test Selection In choosing between criterion-referenced and norm-referenced measurement strategy we should consider the nature of the decisions to be based on the resulting scores. If the decision involves selecting some fixed quota from the high (or low) end of an available competence continuum, then norm-referenced measurement is indicated. If, however, the decision involves certifying the attainment of some "a priori', standard of competence whether in some practitioner field or in some tool-skill academic field, then criterion-referenced measurement is indicated. In short, the choice between these two strategies should reflect the relative importance of quotas and standards in these decisions. It is suggested that the relative applicability of these strategies varies across content areas from the Humanities (norm-referenced) to the applied physical science professions (criterion-referenced). (Author) U,S, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT H BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED AS FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECES SARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. The Applicability of Criterion-Referenced Measurement* by Content Area and Level Alfred D. Garvin University of Cincinnati. NC) matter how constructive the topic that is specified before the colon in its title, any symposium on "Emerging Issues" is built around deliberately selected differences of opinion. A symposium on the topic "Peace on Earth: Emerging Issues" might very well end in a fist fight. We can expect that the individual papers in any such symposium will be models of internal oonsistenoTi the crucial issues will emerge between successive papers rather than within them, Thus, if Dr. Ebel will permit me, I must comment briefly on his paper in order to define the issue that emerges as I follow it with mine. Dr. Ebel's paper dealt with whether we should use Criterion-Referenced Measurement (CRM) or Norm Referenced Measurement (NRM); mine deals with when each should be used. Although he clearly favored one above the other, his approach suggested that, in any given case, there was a choice that could be made. I acknowledge that this grossly oversimplifies his views. I will not oversimplify my own by stating merely that there never is a choice at all. The position that I take is this: In certain cases, CRM is irrelevant because, in fact, no meaningful criterion applies. In these cases, NRM must be used if there is to be any measurement at all. However, there are other cases where a meaningful criterion is inherent in the instructional objectives of the unit involved. If one measures the outcomes of such a unit at * In Robert Glaser (Chm.) "Criterion-Referenced Measurement: Emerging Issues." Symposium presented at a joint senssion of the AERA-NOME annual meetings, Minneapolis, Minnes061, March, 1970.


Caveolae are small invaginations of the plasma membrane, which can expand upon stimulation and be internalized as endocytic vesicles. In addition to their role in clathrin‐independent endocytosis, caveolae play a role in many different signalling pathways.


The temperature and granulation of several dwarf stars have been monitored since 1984. The results for σ Dra (HR 7462, HD 185144, K0 V) are discussed in this paper. Temperature is monitored using a line-depth ratio, and temperature variations: 5 K are seen. Intermediate-band photometry and Ca II H and K-line emission mimic the temperature changes: a monotonic decline from the 1984 season, a smooth minimum around 1988, followed by a rise back to the 1984 values at the current time. These types of correlated changes are similar to the solar behavior


Neither collapse, due to decay in a soft-bodied organism, nor compaction, due to overburden pressure, normally lead to significant lateral expansion in flattened fossils except in the case of some with rigidly mineralized skeletons. The fossils are thus analogous to a variety of two-dimensional views of a three-dimensional object. This realization provides a foundation for drawing and testing a reconstruction using either computer or manual graphic restoration methods. A complementary approach based on the photography of simple models, which is particularly useful where a complex three-dimensional morphology is under study, is described and illustrated by two examples, the Middle Cambrian arthropod Odaraia and the Upper Ordovician graptolite Direllograptus.


Johne's disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a widespread problem in ruminants worldwide. Diagnosis of the disease during the early stages of infection is difficult. In search of newer proteins with antigenic and immunogenic characters, in silico epitope analysis of the immunogenic proteins was performed which identifies the proteins expressed during the early stages of infection and which could stimulate cell mediated immune response. T cell epitopes were predicted for the six immunogenic proteins and the epitopes were sorted based on the percentile ranking and repetition among MHC Class I alleles. 3D modeling and protein-protein interaction studies revealed that ELPLPQTYVD, DVVGYDRTQD, PDLQSVLGATPGAG, DGLRAQDD, DGLRAQDD and PGHVTDD epitopes interact with the MHC Class I molecule through hydrogen bonding. These epitopes are identified as potent candidates for the immunodiagnostic studies and could be further evaluated using in vitro studies.


General linear methods, used for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations, may be characterized by a pair of matrices $(A,B)$. In this article, the order of convergence of such methods is obtained by defining a sequence of norms associated with an order vector. The order of consistency is defined in terms of these norms and it is shown that this definition is sufficient to establish the order of convergence of conventional stable methods. The general case requires additional properties which are also defined in terms of the norms. Some examples of unconventional methods are given.


DOCUMENT RESUME SP 005 001 Frinks, Marshall A Readiness for Differentiated Staffing: Questions Relevant To Development and Training Activities. Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Div. of Curriculum and Instruction. Oct 69 9p.; Information Report No. 2 EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-S3.29 *Community Involvement, *Differentiated Staffs, *Guidelines, *Program Development, *Staff Utilization This monograph considers 12 questions which could provide guidelines for local administrators and school boards to follow in considering the concept of differentiated staffing: 1) What are your instructional objectives and is the proposed staffing pattern related to these objectives? 2) Will the proposed new patterns provide for continued flexibility so that the school system can adapt to future needs? 3) Will the new patterns oe developed so that they will be able to individualize the teachiAg-learning process? 4) Do your plans for the training of educational personnel incorporate the same principles inherent in your instructional plans for children? 5) If more efficient time utilization is one of your primary concerns, will your school provide the necessary training for educational personnel? 6) Have you prepared for the training of personnel so that the school can make optimum use of the skills of administrative staff? 7) Will the proposed pattern contribute to the enhancement of teacher professionalism? 8) Will instructional personnel be involved in the decision-making process when relevant to their responsibilities? 9) Has the community been involved in planning the new patterns? 10) Have other agencies and institutions participated in the planning? 11) To what extent will the re-examination of your school organization be coordinated with other local, state, and federal programs? 12) Have you considered a design for evaluating the patterns? (MBM) L)17 sa ( C. k. r 41 ," 1 00 .411-4 -LI,v 00 Nt" CD INFORMATION REPORT #2 sAse. viP 44%


Pre‐labour rupture of membranes (PROM) at term is a common event with early induction of labour reducing infectious morbidity without increasing the caesarean rate. Syntocinon is commonly used for induction but prostaglandins are also routinely used. Large studies have shown no difference in the maternal and neonatal outcomes with either method.


This paper investigates three consequences of the new financial regulation: the agency costs, the monitoring costs and the effect on banks' cost of capital. For the first, the shareholders' behaviour is analysed as a trade-off between the value of the bank and its volatility by using an indifference curve model of the bank's choice of optimal risk. While the first-best optimal risk maximises the value of the bank, the shareholders select suboptimally high risks under bail-in structures. This leads to both the wealth transfer and the value destruction agency costs. For the second, as a result of these consequences of the DAPR (Deviation from the Absolute Priority Rule) the bondholders are forced to closely monitor the bank behaviour. Requiring higher rate of return for higher risk, reflecting the costs of monitoring, is shown to alleviate the agency problems. Different types of covenants are proposed as an efficient way of implementing this solution. For the third, the impact of the new bail-in structure and the monitoring costs on the WACC of 16 largest European banks is estimated, and is shown to increase the cost of capital by between 75% and 110%.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The restoration of the damaged tissue commences very early with a regulated sequence of biochemical events set into motion to repair the damage. While the understanding of this entire process is still incomplete, it has been established that platelets play a decisive role not only in hemostasis, but also in the wound healing process, through an abundance of growth factors and other signaling cytokines modulating the inflammatory response. To this end, we attempted to evaluate the effect of a platelet-rich biomaterial - platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) - in the augmentation of full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Skin defects were performed on the rats' dorsum and covered with FTSGs. The test group wound bed was treated with PRF before the suture of the graft. Skin graft specimens were obtained from the control and test group rats for histological and immunohistochemical examination on the 21st postsurgical day. Our study included 40 male Wistar rats. Average thickness of epidermal cell layers was recorded for each wound site. The average fibroblast count was compared between the control and test (PRF-augmented FTSG) groups. Blood vessel count and vascular density - the blood vessels were identified under low-power microscopy. The prominent vascular areas were then scanned in higher-power fields; individual vessels were marked and counted by hand. Vascular density was calculated. Mean vascular count for each graft was then calculated.

RESULTS
The mean thickness of the epidermal layer was significantly higher and closer to the physiological epidermal thickness, in the test group than in the control group. The average fibroblast and fibrocyte count in the dermal layer in FTSGs augmented with PRF was higher than in the control group. We discovered a statistically insignificant increase in the blood vessel count and vascular density of the test group, compared to the control group.

CONCLUSIONS
Our limited data supports the theory that the addition of PRF to FTSG recipient wound beds has the potential to improve graft take and regulate the proliferation of a thicker and more uniform epidermis, while decreasing healing time and dermal necrosis rates.


Data envelopment analysis technique has been frequently utilized to assess hotel performance. However, studies that utilize this approach tend to use a self-evaluation method, in which a great number of non-zero weights are selected to maximize the efficiency scores. Aiming at addressing this shortcoming, this study utilizes a peer-restricted, cross-efficiency evaluation approach that does not only eliminate zero weight of the variables during performance evaluation but also reduces the differences between profiles of the weights. Both the peer-restricted, cross-efficiency model and the classic benevolent cross-efficiency approach are applied to measure the efficiency and to provide complete ranking orders for all the international tourists hotels (ITHs) in Taipei between the years of 2008 and 2009. Implications for hotel management in ITHs are discussed.


An operator method has been applied to formulate probability distribution functions of neutron counts in a reactor. Assuming all statistical events occurring in the reactor to be Markovian, an operator representation of the no count probability for a given time interval is given. The basic equation for the probability is derived from the Kolmogorov-Chapman equation, and the formal solution obtained thereof. Approximate expressions are also given, for two types of detectors—absorption and fission. The effects of moments of order higher than the second are evaluated numerically. Further development of the operator calculus has yielded relations connecting the waiting time distribution and the interval distribution with the no count probability.


Abstract The mechanical deformation properties as characterized by the modulus at different deformation, hardness and rebound elasticity, were observed in elastomers filled with different carbon-black concentrations referred to the concentration of the effective chains of the rubber network as determined by swelling. The extent of the physical effect of carbon blacks in the elastomers was expressed by the difference between the mechanical deformation values of the filled and unfilled vulcanizates determined at a constant crosslink density.


This paper proposes a polynomial based inverter loss estimation method. From the I-V characteristics of the inverter switching event, different sets of polynomial functions that can accurately describe the switching behaviors are determined first and then it is used in the inverter loss estimation. The proposed method is simple and computationally effective. Simulation results indicate that this method shows improved accuracy in inverter loss estimation compared to a steady state power based lookup table models over drive cycle.


The Non-Performing Assets (NPA'S) problem is one of the foremost and major problems thathas shaken the entire banking industry in India. At the Macro level, NPA'S have choked off the supply line ofcredit to the potential borrowers, thereby having a negative effect on capital formation and arresting the economicactivity in the country. At the Micro level, the unsustainable level of NPA's has eroded the profitability of banks throughreduced interest income and provisioning requirements, besides restricting the recycling of funds leading to seriousasset-liability mismatches. Purpose of research paper is to study the trend in deposits, disbursement, Gross-NPA, NET-NPA and Credit-Deposits ratio in Buldhana Urban Cooperative credit society. Also study the causes of Non-performing Assets for Buldhana Urban Co-operative Credit Society. Identify the effects of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) on the financial position of the "Buldhana Urban Co-operative Credit Society". Results show the association of Nonperforming assets and profitability of Buldhana Co-operative Credit Society.


Total hadron multiplicities and multiplicities of hadrons in events with heavy quarks in $e^+e^-$ annihilation at the energies of LEP-1.5 and LEP-2 are calculated on the basis of QCD.


DOCUMENT RESUME EC 041 7 Berryman, Doris L.; And Others Enhancement of Recreation Service to Disabled Children. Part III, Serving Disabled Children Guidelines for Recreation Agencies. Final Report. New York Univ., N.Y. School of Education. Children's Bureau (DHEW) , Washington, D.C. 71 36p. MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29 *Agencies; Community Services; *Exceptional Child Services; *Guidelines; *Handicapped Children; Program Planning; *Recreational Programs The guidelines presented are intended to assist recreation agencies in extending their services to handicapped children. Basic information is given on getting a program started: services to provide/ staffing, funding, program coordinator, facilities, locating equipment, volunteers, and where to obtain advice. Identified are the needs and potentials of minimally, moderately, and severely disabled children, and how these needs relate to programing. Listed in descending order of difficulty are some problems and solutions in providing recreation programs for handicapped children, such as parental and community anxiety about safety and related factors. Summarized briefly are 25 cases in which agencies have used creative and innovative approaches to activate existing resources for recreation service. WO SE V1NG DiSABL a CHILD GUIDELI FOR RECR AGENC1 S DORIS L. BERRYMAN Project Director ANNETTE LOGAN BERNARD BR AGINSKY SERVING DISABLED CHILDRPN: GUIDELINES FOR RECREATION AGENCIES


. This paper is devoted to mark the 150th anniversary of the publication of Volume I of Karl Marx's Capital in September 1867. The aim of this paper is not analytical one—on the contrary. We would like to review existing positions among contemporary Marxists; to review contemporary Marxist's literature; to review tendencies in different interpretations of Marx's writings; to present some myths, misleading, misinterpretations and sometimes an obvious lie as concerns his economic writings. It is the main question about the irrelevance, inconsistency, and obsoleteness of Marx. We put the question: have the economic writings of Karl Marx real meaning for today? Enrique Dussel, Argentinean philosopher, claims that we are witnesses of beginning of the second century of Marx (1983–2083). So, is Karl Marx really coming back? However, we live, to use catch phrase Antonio Gramsci, when "the old is dying and the new cannot be born." We can rely on Marxist concepts as starting points for understanding the world today because they provide the best way to explain what is going on. The significance of Marx's theory is that it so clearly spelled out the dynamic of capital accumulation that, much more than one might think plausible, his analysis provides key economic concepts from which to understand major features of the world economy today.


Providing a clear, logical guide to an illogical topic, this book provides an easy-to-understand guide for anyone who wants to successfully navigate the labyrinth of going to college-and paying for the experience.


The quadruped robot excels in tight space traversing and rough terrain locomotion because of its higher flexibility and better environment adaptability. Aiming at passing through tight spaces with free-collision, an adjustment approach of the Center of Gravity (COG) is designed to realize stable quadruped walking. The Hopf oscillator based Central Pattern Generator (CPG), utilized in this paper, can generate rhythmic control signals with different frequencies for the swing phase and the stance phase. The COG is adjusted through the rhythmic medium value transition, which automatically generates smooth trajectories according to preset parameters. We also propose a rhythmic bias compensation method to maintain the rhythmic medium positions of legs vertical to the ground to alleviate the bump caused by the body pitch. Still, an adjustment technique for the hip motion amplitude is developed to maintain the uniform motion when the robot posture changes. We evaluate the performance of the COG adjustment approach on a simulated quadruped robot model, and the simulation of the tight space negotiating of the robot model demonstrates the stable quadruped locomotion.


-Quality Assessment in the Primary care

Dear Editor;
I have read the article titled as "Implementation of Rogi Kalyan Samiti (RKS) at Primary Health Centre Durvesh" with great interest. Shrivastava et all concluded that assessment mechanism for the achievement of objectives for the suggested RKS model was not successful (1).
Hereby I would like to emphasize the importance of quality assessment (QA) especially in the era of newly established primary care implementations in our country.
Promotion of quality has been fundamental part of primary care health services. Nevertheless variations in quality of care exist even in the developed countries. Accomplishment of quality in the primary care has some barriers like administration and directorial factors, absence of evidence-based medicine practice lack of continuous medical education.
 Quality of health care is no doubt multifaceted model that covers all components of health structures and processes of care. Quality in the primary care set up includes patient physician relationship, immunization, maternal, adolescent, adult and geriatric health care, referral, non-communicable disease management and prescribing (2).
Most countries are recently beginning the implementation of quality assessments in all walks of healthcare. Organizations like European society for quality and safety in family practice (EQuiP) endeavor to accomplish quality by collaboration. There are reported developments and experiments related to the methodology, processes and outcomes of quality assessments of health care. Quality assessments will not only contribute the accomplishment of the program / project but also detect the areas where obstacles also exist.
In order to speed up the adoption of QA and to circumvent the occurrence of mistakes, health policy makers and family physicians from different parts of the world should share their experiences. Consensus on quality in preventive medicine implementations can help to yield helpful developments. Because "primary care helps prevent illness and death" (3, 4).

References
1. Shrivastava SR, Bobhate PS. Implementation of Rogi Kalyan Samiti (RKS) at Primary Health Centre Durvesh (2009 – 2010). TAF Prev Med Bull. (2012), 11(3): 307-314
2. Akturk Z, Set T. Quality in Family Practice: Opportunities and Tools Ready for Application. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care. 2010; 4(1):1-7.
3. Grol R, Baker R, Wensing M. Quality Assurance in General Practice: the State of the Art in Europe Family Practice 1994. Volume 11,Issue 4 p 460-467
4. Starfield B, Leýyu S, Macinko J. Contribution of Primary Care to Health Systems and Health. The Milbank Quarterly. 2005; 83(3):457-502.


: In this paper, we are concerned with the following Schr¨odinger-Poisson system with critical nonlinearity and critical nonlocal term due to the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality


The rise of the dialect program has been regarded as a kind of spread phenomenon receiving much concern recently, it presents deep psychological reason, on one hand, the disseminator and presses close to the principle to make the dialect program out of the competition psychology, the motive and self-actualization needs that the participant of the program associates out of a kind of affinity, finally, the audiences of the program are because one kind is asked near and psychological and liking dialect program.


It is found that Ti in Sm(Co–Cu–Fe–Ti)7 magnets enhances coercivity up to iHc=9500 Oe and that the coercive force due to Fe substitution in Ti substituted alloys decreases less than in alloys without Ti. It is noticed that the post-sintering aging treatment is not required to get high coercive force. Developed Sm(Co–Cu–Fe–Ti)7 magnets are shown to have irreversible losses comparable to SmCo5 magnets and good thermal stability. The origin of the large coercive force for these magnets is discussed in terms of the domain-wall pining model.


The WuR is a specialized radio that is used to wake up an IoT device from a low-power sleep state. It consumes much less power than the main radio of the device and is designed to detect a specific wake-up signal. Once this signal is detected, the WuR sends a wake-up signal to the main radio, which then activates the device. By using a WuR, an IoT device can remain in a low-power sleep state for extended periods, conserving battery life and improving energy efficiency. The design and implementation of a low-power wake-up radio for energy-efficient IoT applications involve several key components and challenges. By minimizing power consumption, optimizing the wake-up signal, and reducing interference, a WuR can improve the energy efficiency and lifespan of IoT devices.


Since shafting bearing faults occurred to a generating unit after running for 20, 000 hours, the lower bents of the quaternary superheater burst in succession after start and stop for several times. Professional and comprehensive analyses on material characteristics, water quality and boiler operation etc. revealed the basic reason of bent burst and oxide layer exfoliation. The bent burst can be classified as a typical creep rupture caused by long-term over-temperature/overheat. Measures like strictly limiting and reducing frequency of boiler start and stop, strictly carrying on stipulations on boiler cooling operation, and opening fire door after boiler stop for 12 hours are suggested.